The Sun. — London, England, 1851-12-19 00:00:00

.•• ...., 16 4 $ 4 . 6 A 11 dr 0. 403 I ' 0 I 4 ° ti 0 4° 10 11 [Os i° Es st Oldh 11 0 to O A col" re OD 11 ,014 be 00r 0 0i 116 fri ts it 0 S io to fa ,11 06 poi ib! . iliti e : CHIEF BARON wa3 not quite sure that_t ‘ n e e Th e , , o „: the eaie was in favour of the Sun nre-c , t/i st , ..: jutdrisn,sdanta had acted, in hii opinion, very h u , n , If the, L' re etly in putting a plt a of they WOlildi s "4(l not done so, h“ 1 , 44 no wha.ov-r r u , are get a •ia e on ' "ItEasy said the defendants judged it necessary . hichB:l,(l"nce of inform •tion they n:ecived, and on K 'Y had reason to rely, ‘ to eat up that def-nce. Ptsre. "" g t ant SAFE —IV Lich you did not attempt to Th e Nast ° RD CHIEF BARON observed that, under the cir regret' he neith er f e l t any won d er nor enter,ttin6 d k'.kiret wh en he heard the decision.N tl atas Y said it f requent l y h appene d that such trial, Put on the record and nut proceeded with at r. 8 bi ll ere Serge SUER reminded the Court that the plea_ e trial . " CHI the rec or d on l y two or three (Lys before th Th e i 1-,noao CIIIEF BARON—If I had been asked _t to It Alt I should ha ve d one so meat cheerfully. 1 I llpeZ t oo late to withdraw an aceuEat'on of that sort. 1, 11'4 judicially, but professionally, when I say 44kihtil.cle.fendanta lost a verdict in consequence of Th Cil la Injudicious accusation. Ilbjeot then dropped. • St- ''" Apeee., D ARIES.—(T HIS DAY). (Before Mr. Secondary - PUTTER ) Thil L . EPAGE V MACLEOD. ,1141-9743 action brought to recover the sum of i en Ile a e ' 4 4)41 and interest, on s,:vera promissory , x.,,t Jie,,elet,eniant suffered judgment to go by havieg Lqts dr:‘tetift'a uttornev said that the defendant_ default. s t eiti graent to go Fey de'ault, it would gived r ttlllst etrcutestaneel have been necessary to w any_ .„ 14 4 0 iFee...ll t he point, ' b t in this case the notes _0 . T ... 0 'N - ,,, 4 „ 41 ,dia for ;u ' ees u and payable in Loncon.. Ell _ 4 t ,;,.11"1 therefole be adduced to show the value of 1 4.te"ntlie lupe cn the 41. h of November last.. and Pto, ed " atki n , au Exchange broker, was called, _. 14 1 that t he 1, lid . _ .. e exchange on .a Company's paper, and 4 ....0 ptiv. , tee lion. East Indic Compuene: _ei„elnal 'l le t ,""e notes, and the total ame t .°' . s t m 'lli relit amounted to '" tp ed. at 28. per rupee I. Th I ._ 110tee7_111:9ed SECONDARY said, that th te e n re en o d u nte eti , `nielence as to the interest, as tle ''. was charged. ought t elv t e o S tit itan em at the said thatit was the ruling in t erest 14 e e :l a nd the notes bore interest at that rate on the 4•• ' , len ). ) 114 1 , Z 4rat ild 4 ; 44l , Why the difference was made between 1 ,411 -4 e;erepen rupee and the public. Cltt )'4l:led SECON DARY said there was a gre d ate a r . T06.411° rt in t h e the CI in than with the ordinary tra the "lat, °-1 'tad the P j l e Y eap an y paid loss and toele %.;^ ' it'll gtrra a verdict for the amount claimed. kli..._ ...................____ ...._ qINAL COURT.—(THISDAY.). 4 4 W i , 4 lii• OLD COURT. . 014 40 4 eil i4ol and John Hunt were placed in t fi h a e t, do e c n k d , e de„eargfd with stealing a cloth, one Otte ee"'' fowls, value 21. 2s. 6d., the property re -44 lit th"eatherby; and Hunt with feloniously n. i4l.tlfsei.44tne,erell knowing them to have been st Il ikr 411'n proeecuted, and Mr. Parry (with whom kli4PPea"i"oh) defended the prisoners. e se e rred that the fowls had been consigned to the 11-14°14° ' 4 sa lesrnall in Newgate-street, and loft at his el l Ott 14°r by the carriers. The basket was afterwards leth lf o t t ' s.t;rtisee's shoulder, and the basket and c t Plh bBeclut atlY found in a house in Union-cour , it4•:le-e,:itlnere both the prisoners . lodged. 'ke l et) felled to establish a felonious case °Prisoner and they acquitted. tlee, ° convicted of ' unlawfully obtaining 4 14 4 ' 7 v 9 s e . Qra Y Rie tl y ' de aged ware dose, abed as . a ca re r: qtli ''f Amiss q a. () k i4.4 , Ambrose Stone, the sum . e by false p f I/444,103"nd Equitable Loan Society, and the sum i lee, e the moneys of the Friend in Need Society, 1 / I ve 070/3titttelbeat .them thereof, and was sentenced . to I,e te" treprisonneent in the House of Correction. Cc the evued RECORDER in 104 04 i 2dence in this case had disclosed Passing sentence, remarked 160 0 Peer t h e of these loan societies 'Pee teh i . lid could not be too generally _ ma d e public. practised t s i 3 9 e s d upon thi e tlea e ' he said, that none of these pretended loan I, and 04%0. fed, l ° }l n sisd of more than ono individual, and of I , tit t to poo r ertised to advance small lei th ea the deeosple at the rate of fiv n e ta per cent. interest, of that nature other tl'sitlel''ete exto rterl i rom the borrower were taken into 411, 44 Nti °n, th !lst_tl el it e e e interest would look 'me, l oree t i,.: utie per cent. I t was high t . more 4°44 tit th e -- ;"g was done to check the plundering opera tlhi e k r e e fo o r n e e , e loan societies. krni, 114.4i4die 19 E W COU 117'. N i• -ag e d Th 'eted f 132 a1l named Mahlon, alias Chadwick, t t e pri,, " obtaining le r. e. nee ele _, g money under false pretences. ‘t, o h quddi es '''''oed not guilty. 1 1 4rtlock one aPprared for the prosecution; and hilli z faeta _.stefended the prisoner. !r4t;:.t_trAtit:r.:trishoencears,e w h h a o ve re been frequently before the 1 -, t ,f ap pretr e:urv e ,- e or, presented himself to be an was in the habit of advertising ) 441, 43 ' or ,s uce, and obtaining money from their friends 011 ' ta to Prenai u ,„ hl ,ed u„ uat In one case the friends . of ;It ef °' the ~ " 11 9, were induced to advance him 61.. ',ed It serjrecolum for teaching the youth the bust tte „ ill Y ti re :Y") mild au i d Cre of acprenticeship Zotl e " d ° Oth ante Ills between e the en p u ariies, and executed. ' 4 4 4 the ee rcd upon the term of servitude, and at ,tise;tlildin c ' e "-tce of the prisoner, at N. 28, Broad jillts °ti t te ß .' wh € l l it would seem his duties were to t, OO , off erin Imitate sham plans and copy advertise htt °I. to to Etivance sums of money varying from L k e ee T her: °A upon the security of real pro * Were et t c if the eight other appre .ets. °cop, ~ Prosecutor and all they had to l eo ‘'9tit ininT ues r oaeniloq ' uent advertisements. This 4 s, : I n the Ci em Pto last Lord Mayor's-day, when the I N Wilae. passed into the hands of a solicitor Nt d °;wer, In t B ,± and the names of Millison, Chadwick, ktesi` h ogtti n 4 :en down, and the prisoner not seen or Ile t tiia:rge. li i ii h( ' was given into custody on the t Yot, filtneaer tookll e course of the trial it came ou o d ei om en a house at 361, a year in Morr.ay -4411 took, the ' tePresenting himself to be Millison 4 4 8; bat j e til lat e candidate for the borough of St. k 4 i Pi s t e 0.. lad of• is mic a o th tze n ig th h going by that name he placed a k i e l so d u o r o h r o b o o d ari h rig the words " Dr. Harris," pared himself off as a "14 lit Th e Prisoner e at fir;twished it to be sup- IN t Y of I, r • Rat te ed i eri ee ., rts was a lodger, and a member of the LN.otieeziatehdietitzemteB:ndbuodt s a e l v e e d r ia a a l i c e is ig v h ao b i o t u y rs that be whom he at -6,.titlltistatee ) B a elf to be an M.D., of Ab pr er e d v e e e d n,w h hile . I lk ) 0 en ei o confessed himself to bo Millison C ad Ni k , g et neer, who had r u ined himself by attempt % lut e ~ .. 4 4 . 4-ultimo:it for the borough of St. ,' Stes ni , zie e i t t . tsted Chrtlt. addressed the jury for . the es t ,7 *h ate tne prisoner had been guilty of no cri defence, Nt t lll the i ver • No doubt he had violated his cove st treeet r.,ncl.enture of apprenticeship, but the prose .th tet teh V "Ito another court to obtain redress for he, °C n c ontract l.fti e 24 /troz,z e • es t --Isd SERGEANT then summed up, end the ts b the 6t l 10 1.13 /) , ) , Prisoner Guilty. !li s :tgaiti st ',l B T('NE said there were five or six other Ni l ' , op, h - 'oe prisoner of a similar character to that V * Quie t t he prosecutor would not put the Court tt te 6 " °f going into them in detail. t r ,, 1 1 -, Th rtwi seu tenced the prisoner to seven years' ki. e e • on. Jo litt %li en ed . 11 terminated 1 the &I, , to-day, and the Court was A tsrpitfr... __ ,.. et e or J anuary, 1852. \V Lit h iti?,,k tie : 41-1 - NSTER (T HI -4 DAY.) erteh ' - orned Ai • • .--- t he, arg e , 4 . ickie, was brought before . a ft''' 4h i N ee ; Zith threatening to stab the waiter of the zol e Oter ed „cot-shop, Knightsbridge. De l hous e 'flat, last night, the prisoner went to the , l 4 ittit of : Where a betting list is kept, and demanded l iti ll t i t ittl at l b; he t that he had made there, and on being re he u s , P ri er on to whom the list belongs was not tili a i l e tht eac ler Y insulting language, and took up a ' t 'Prii 3 ; l4ll ; to stab the waiter. 1 4 4 (1 ;1 0 4 o l r e : 11 1 detence, said that be had been vie. 'Ot 4,;"g th e - : 1 ° money, and went there for the purpose I 1 / 4 1 41 ,10tl n ,P e rson with whom be had made the bet, °ll iiot, tong the knife litt retie 1411 1) said he List find bail for three months, es five Pounds each and himself ten. KNOUT ..... ba r Ord i, ttWARK.—(THIS DAY.) 441%'1ct • h a Ylor waa brought before Mr.' A'Beckett ( } 1, t 44 1 e ) tire wlt es - h oing in his possession two valuable t h ! stol e _ , and a cloak, supposed to have beenre- Col l d se ' Irene some house in the neighbourhood of Wihrteent•Y'r otherhithe. tti t ter at Dckes, of the M division, said he met the fop pier ckhead last night with the bundles hang -6e his gs el ;e thi Shoulders. Knowing him to be a compa ,,NeCtain e e Tes ' h. 0 opened the bundles, and found them Pike meri no - crimson merino dress, a satin dress, and a 1 4: t cf e Cl oak, trimmed with silk fringe. In the s A r to at e .d t3- 9. e s o. i f i the dresses he found a pair of blacktkid tis e th e d .lot handkerchief, which most likely would 1i, 4 4 , he iscovery of the owner. On searching the k r ) , " h a d f h :ncl a duplicate of a concertina, which he b Et'isxe been stolen from a house at Horsleydown, ttrre remanded him until Tuesday. p i , ____ 1 , _ D' 4t c. u C T IVE FIRE (THIS DAY, 04,„ -- doTIIVATED LOSS AT 30,0001. n _ a. Riii4t"l) before three o'clock this morning: t he i h Sts ' d ° ,„' Camden Town , and miles far distant, w e re k ‘tar l :i fr om their beds through an alarm of fi re at t h e d "kr,f-i;te establishment of Messrs. Collard and Collar ellre-tt° m akers, Oval-road, Camden Town. S 3 dPer3°4 who first gave the alarm was an officer _o a f t : ° ' lli oh, No 137 , and before the expiration 1 of Pe et r ° ' an hoe; Mr. Superintendent Ferguson, three tit ' l est. 8 ' and about 200 constables, started to the scene 4' 4 l ', 41 1 4 , 4 ,1T: 3 _ 1 1. to render assistance. By that time Lb e several of the A, B. and C pr 1 , 1 r. tiperinten of ce b r i ga r e gine, as a l so hadgmes, B d ar o r o ive , d, under th © direction d Mr. Staples, foreman th e 1: . . endent rai w 1 0 Of tv, Q/ L l et; as also Mr. Connorton, with theen: tqsai it ' a '_ 'A:est of England Company. means This power were resorted e 4 °P g 4u ' rs 'l having arrived, every 11 cl oh' FP I Y of water from the street mains, but water ~,1 1 % 44,4 - -j . .. be The supplied for one engine out of tcn. . (f r) 41 (1 bt'laci with uninterrupted fury, and ere the engines 1, 4 4 ill° r emoved to the side of the canal, every floor v41 414 4 4411ab er). together with their contents, were ono 0; 4 44 °3 4 : 1 : e 8 k . , ~ A1 1,,c, cu: of saving 3 s ay . inf any F . or n t n in i n i o r f v i t r h , g e tqtt or , ll ed for Th ree . hours , nothing was visible but a Phtt o . ` °f the bare walls. From information obtaine d N ti ll i s of the firm, it appeared that an order to the 0 " f 20 1 0 004 144 beets fulialleci the dgq preTiou TUE SUN for abroad, and dug node° had Lcen given for the attend aLee of vans this m. , rniug to .convey the i lecd3 to the wharfs. .Not the least clue could be cbtaii:cd of t:e origin of the are, a 3 u v e rythieg was left, R.A.fecdy see on Thur.:lay Evi - ry 1135i,tsace waa rendered to the firemen by Mr..1f,% , ,ua0n and his efficers, and had anythitg like a supply of water from the liamp,tead mains been roady for the %then required, the lois would /lave been but tritliug. The fire was totaPy Eubducd by eigllt o'clock. In suranees in the West of England, Norwich Union, Scot tish Union, and County offices. COURT CIRCULAR. OSBORNE, THURSDAY. Her Majest.y, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, and the R)yal Family, walked as usual in the gar dens and grounds. Si: George Grey arrived from London, end re mains on a visit to the Queen. The Marchioness of Douro, Sir George Grey, the Rev. Mr. Protheroe, and the Rev. Mr. Birch, had the honour of being included in the Royal party at dinner. A deputation from the Committee of Deputies en the Metroifolis Bi:I, including Mr. J. H. Mills (Chairman) and Mr. Hull Terrell (Se.cre tary), hid. en interview v i,h Lord Seymour yester. day, at the Office of Public Works and .Buildings, in Whitt place. The C:.mbridge University Commission had a meeting yesterday, at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Downing-street. Pre sent, the Bishop of Chester, the Dean of Ely, Sir John Herschel, the Rev. Professor Sedgwick, and the Rev. W. H. Bateson (Secretary). The Marquis of Luisdowne (Lord President) has arrived at his seat, Bowood Park, Wilts, from Lord Ashburton's seat, the Grange, Hants. The Chancellor of the Exchequer has arrived at his seat, Ilickleton-hall, near Doncaster, from Halifax. SPORTING INTELLIGEIS CE. TATTERSALL'S—YEETERDA Y. DERBY. The following bets were laid in the course of the afternoon:-40 0 to 50 and 450 to 50 agst llebbie Noble —BOO to 50 and 900 to 50 apt Claverheuse- 350 to 10 apt Vortex—and 2,000 to 50 each apt Little Harry and Filius. At the close 9to 1 was °tiered agst Hobbie Noble-18 to 1 apt Claverhousc—and 40 to 1 apt Little Harry. CHESTER CUP. 3,000 to 45 agst Trickstress, and 500 to 5 sgst Bar dolph. SWAFFHAM COURSING MEETING. The Cup was won by Mr. Overman's Bellona; Bertha receives the sovereigns. The Derby Stakes were won by Mr. Overman's Bravo; Mr. Piliau's Jerome ran up. The Oaks Stakes wero won by Mr. Overman's Bri tannia; his Belinda drawn. The St. Leger Stakes were won by Mr. Pillau's Jenny Lind; Mr. Clark's Grand Duke ran up. The Marham S:nkes acre won by Mr. Newman's Nimble; Mr. D. Sewell's Busy ran up. The Marham Dog Puppy Stakes were:won by Mr. Harvey's Lsndscer ; Mr. Pillau's Junk ran up. HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. B. V. barrs,, Thos. Sturminst er Common; Fri. Urn stridgo Bowdon Hill-111. Worce6tershire hds., Mon. The Cliffey ; Wei. Ply mouth Arms, Howell; Fri. Copcut Elm-101. Herefordshire lids., Tu es. Hall Court; Fri. lientehureh Park-101-. Warwickshire lids., Mon. Hay Wood; Tiles. Lower Brailes ; Fri. Farnborough; Sat. Alcot Park-101. DEATH OF JAMES STEEL, ESQ., PROPRIETOR OF THE " CARLISLE JOURNAL." James Steel, E q , proprietor and editor of the Car lisle Journal, died at his residence, Victorlaco, Carlisle, on Tuesday last. By his own ability and per severance, Mr. Steel had raised himself to a position of great influence not only amongst his fellow-citizen ll s, bln ut throug hout the county of Cumberland generay. every movement connected with the locality which bad for its object the promotion of the public weal, ho bore the most prominent part. In every measure of public importance his counsel and aid were deemed indispensable. The services which he rendered to the cause of reform were of the most signal character, and his death will be felt as an irreparabl e loss b y the Liberal party. Ile was the leading spirit amongst the Reformers of Cumberland during the agitation which preceded the passing of the Reform Bill, and during the movement which resulted in the abolition of the bread monopoly; and it was mainly owing to his strenuous personal exertions, and his powerful writing in the Carlisle Jou:nal, that Sir James Graham was ousted from the representation of Cumberland, when the Right Hon. Baronet turned his back on the cause of Reform. Since the passing of the Municipal Reform Act Mr. Steel bad been a member of the Corporation of Carlisle, and for two successive years he filled the honourable office of mayor. Unlike many public benefactors, he has lived to find his labours duly appreciated and substantially acknowledged. Some years ago the people of Carlisle s ubscribed liberally and had his portrait placed in the Town Hall, where it will doubt less long remain to perpetuate the recollection of his invaluable public services, and exemplary private cha racter.—Adve? tiser. Mrt. ELIOT WARBURTON.—Great interest has been excited in literary circles by the announcement of a new work from the pen of Mr. Eliot IVarburton, the popular author of "The Crescent and the Cross," and "Reginald Hastings." It is called "Darien ; or, The Merchant Prince." Little has yet transpired respecting the subject of the book, but it is reported to be a novel, the principal characters and events of which are derived from real per.3onages and occur rences—such as are likely to afford full scope for the display of that vivid and sparkling style which has characterised all Mr. Warburton's productions. — Evening paper. THE ORIENTAL BANK.—At a mee yesterday a very favourable report of its position was read and unani. moutly adopted. The deficiencies of the branch at Bombay had been reduced to a trifling sum, whilst the profits obtained during the ha-lf-year lead the directors to anticipate a con tinuance of the present dividend of seven per cent. per annum. The financial statement shows that the liabilities of the company amount to 2,389,3341., and the assets to 2,415,1911., which gives a balance of profit and loss of 25,860/. The company is now incorporated by royal charter, SINGULAR AFFAIR. —Yesterday afternoon, Mr. W. Payne held an inquest at the Crown and Cushion Tavern, London-wall, Cripplegate, on the body of a newly-bor cum c li male child, found in a small box under extraordinary :r stances. Mr. Thomas Richards, of the Excise Dining rooms, No. 4 7, Old Broad -street, City, deposed that on Wednesday afternoon, about five o'clock, a man dressed chards, as a por t e r entered the lower room an d said, "Mr. Ri I have a parcel for you from the Great Western Railway." Witness asked him where it was sent from, and he replied, " Paddington, sir, and the carriage is sixpence." Witness paid the man, who left directly. On opening the outer covering of brown paper, witness found a small fancy box, which, on raising the lid, contained the dead body of a male wrarped in a piece of white calico. On the outside of child, the lid of the box was nailed one of witness's business cards, containing his name and address. There were no marks on the cloth, nor could witness say from whom the box was sent. A police constable was called, who conveyed the body to the s:ation-house. Mr. Lloyd, surgeon, said that he had examined the body, and when he first saw it, it could only have been born a few hours, and must have been placed in the box immediately after birth. The ju'y returned an open verdict of found dead. The police have nor been able to trace the man who gave the box to Mr. Richards. [ADVERTISEMENT.] Holloway's Pills a sure Remedy for Asthma, Coughs, Colds, and Chest Diseases. — Persons suffering from these complaints, whether of long stand ing or arising from a recent cold, should give these celebrated Pills a trial, as a lew doses will of partial relief, and a short continuance will ensure a certain cure. Thousands who have eonsidered their cases hopeless, and who were even unable to lie down in bed, have been restored to health by these in valuable Pills, which possess extraordinary power in carrying off the phlegm and giving a healthy action to the lungs. T e stimonials of th e hi g hest character can be adduced in proof Dofruthgegiwst°sn'alendfulat professoreffieY of Holloway's Pills.—Sold by all Holloway's Establishment, 244 , Strand, London. SOICIDg FROM LONDON-BRIDGE.—Last evening, shortly after seven o'clock, a most determined act of self destruction was committed from London-bridge. A person of gentlemanly appearance, and attired in black, was ob served by a City police-constable walking to and fro, near Fishmongers' Hall, looking over the stonework, and before the constable could reach the unfortunate man he rushed into the first recess, whence he precipita , ed himself into the river. A number of wateriness put off in their boats with the drags, but nothing was seen or heard of him after wards, as the tide was running up at the time, and probably carried the body away some distance. The deceased ap peared to be about forty years of age. BALL IN THE TOWER.—The old Tower of London was shaken from its venerable propriety on Tuesday evening, by a grand ball given by the Scotch Fusilier Guards now doing duty there. The Duke of Wellington• honoured the party with his company. The general company included, among others, the Earl of Albemarle, Visceunt Bury, Lady Strath e den and the Hon. Miss Campbell, Lord Abinger and the Hon. Miss Scarlett, Lady Elizabeth Steel M e and Maxse the Misses Steele (three) , Lady Caroline Maxse and Miss , and the Hon. Miss Copley, &c. REPRESENTATION OF GREENWICH. — Mr. Merewea ther Turner, who has been for some time past active forly can vassing the electors of th e borough of Greenwhich their votes as the successor of Admiral Dundas, met those of the electors who reside in Deptford and its vicinity, at the White Swan Inn, last evening. The meeting was numer ously attended, many of the most respectable inhabitants being present. Mr. Mereweather Turner addressed the elec tors at considerable length, when resolutions in his favour were unanimously adopted. SOLICITORSHIP TO THg TREASURY. —As WO an nounced some time since, Mr. Reynolds, assistant solicitor to the Treasury, has been promoted to the office of solicitor, vacated,by the death of Mr. Maule. Mr. Reynolds has been nine years assistant solicitor, and must have acquired an in timate knowledge of the duties and requirements of the office. This is, therefore, a judicious and proper appointment. We announced at the same time that Mr. Reynolds would pro bably be succeeded as assistant solicitor by Mr. Hitchcock, the Master of the Irish Exchequer, who hasp repared many measures of law reform propounded or carried by the past and present Governments, and we have little doubt that this art of our announcement will, like the oth er, p rove true: expediency and propriety suggest it. Mr. Hitchcock has been for many years an active law reformer, and his services a t bead-quarters would manifestly be valuable to any Ad ministration.— Herald. At the adjourned meeting of the Imperial Brazilian Mining Association, held yesterday, it was determined to carry on operations for the present, the last advices having been regarded as of a less discouraging character. One or two large shareholders, it was also stated, had investigated the affairs at the office in London, which presented, ou the whole, a better appearance than had been t . •an icipated. A call of 105. per share, payable early in February, was at the close of the proceetliiige agreed to. I, Nf)o N, LITERATURE. FORTIFICATION. With illustrations and Notes. By Lieutenant henry Yule, Bengal Engineers. Blackwood and Sons. Uncle Toby would have greeted the appearance of this volume with enthusiasm. He could not have failed to regard it otherwise than with what his cele brant has facetiously designated emotions of a de cidedly " hobbihorsicar character. Under any cir cumstances, however, the work here submitted to our consideration must command the scrutiny of the more intelligent, no matter whether they be members or not of the military profession. For the book com piled by Lieutenant Yule expressly or directly, as he himself has declared on his very title-page, "for tinkers of the army and students in military history," is of a nature so strangely provocative of curiosity among all classes of readers, that we doubt not it will prove on examination to be generally deserving of a perusal. It is because we regard the volume in this particular light that we would here the more earnestly direct to its pages the attention of the com munity. The production now given to the world as the fruits of the research and industry of Lieu tenant Yule was printed, according to the author's account of it in his preface, last year in a condensed form—a form comprising merely the substance of the present octavo—for the use of the Scottish Savel and Military Academy at Edinburgh. Encouraged by the approbation obtained by that epitome of his views, Lieutenant Yule has adventured upon a more pretentious and more substantial publi cation. His labours even now are submitted by r o means vauntingly to the ordeal of criticism, the writer referring all who may feel disposed to prosecute the inquiry yet further to the masterly essay of Bous mard, or to the scarcely less admirable treatise of Major Straith, formerly Lieutenant Yule's military preceptor. We are therefore called upon to regard the volume under review as an elementary work, con stituting a species of introduction to the science of " Fortification." Neither can we pronounce our author as mistaken in his estimate of his peculiar en terprise, seeing that at the very commencement of his compilation we meet with a preliminary chapter explanatory of certain geometrical pro• btems of the simplest imagivable description. Nevertheless, we by no means feel disposed to quarrel with this feature of the undertaking any more than with the glossary of military terms forming its ap pendix—aware that by these means the book before us is deprived of the chance of being unintelligible from its containing a multitude of unexplained tech nicalities. After reading through the chapter above referred to, and aided by the dictionary of terms al ready mentioned, the unprofessional reader will find himself enabled to comprehend what might other wise have remained in his regard altogether incom prehensible, the various divisions of this ingenious treatise on the science of fortification. Let it not be forgotten that this science or art, as it is called, of fortification has been cultivated for many ages—ever since, in fact, war became the deadly pastime of humanity. Let it be remembered, moreover, that in its cultivation have from time to time been engaged some of the most renowned cap tains both of modern days and of anti quity. According to the remark of Sir Walter Scott, when speaking of Gustavus Adolphus, it was " the custom of that valorous soldier to fight as much by the spade and shovel as by the sword, pike, and musket." Besides whom might have been mentioned many other of the remarkable conquerors of the world from the Homeric era down to the existing genera tion, from Nestor on the TrojAn plain to Edwardes in the Punjaub. As an additional attraction, we have prefixed to the different chapters some beautifully engraved likenesses of the great men whoSe intellects have been most conspicuous in the development of the art of fortification, these portraits being rendered yet more interesting by the historical sketches with which Lieutenant Yule has celebrated their appearance. In this manner we behold the effigy of Sebastian Le prestre de Vauban, of Albert Purer, of Gustavus Adolphus, of Francesco di Georgio, and Michael San Michele, of Frederic Henry, Prince of Orange, of Ambrose Spinola, Duke of San Save rino, of Belidor, of Major-General Sir John T. Jones, Bart., of Sir Francis Vera, of Maurice, Prince of Orange, of Peter Navarre, of Maximillian de Bethune, Duke of Sully, of Minno Baron Van Coehorn, of Blaise Francois, Count de Pagan, and of Marc Rae, Marquis de Montalembert—making altogether no less than fifteen of those very interest ing embellishments. A variety of minor illustra tions, such as diagrams, are given afterwards as elu cidative of the more recondite portions of the treatise. There is a creditable symmetry in the arrangement of Lieutenant Yule's volume, the whole mass of his materials being given in a manner admirably se quential. Having explained the ranges of firearms, and prefixed to the work, as already observed, a se ries of useful, if not absolutely essential defi nitions, the author sets out at once with . a record of the objects and elementary features of Fortification. The Cover, the Parapet, and the Excavation, the Rampart, the Barbettes, and the Embrsnures, are here severally considered. Then follow the principles of outline—referring more espe cially to flanks and bastions, with a mention of the effects of enfilade and ricochet. Next comes the record of obstacles, materials, and other accessories of Fortification. Subsequently we find explanatory chapters respectively upon various forms of field works, upon calculations necessary in the actual construction of works, upon lines or extended systems of works, upon defence of posts and villages, upon permanent fortifications, upon the mode of attacking a fortress, upon retrenchments and additional works, upon the defence of a fortress, and upon the various systems of fortifications, more particularly in regard to the first, second, and third system of Vauban and the modern system, namely, that of Carmontaigne. Such is the nature and such the construction of the really remarkable volume before us, a volume in the highest degree honourable to the assiduity and intelligence of Lieutenant Henry Yule, one, moreover, which has constituted him, we believe, permanently the writer of the best elementary book in the English language upon the subject of Fortification. The work under notice, in fact, is worthy of being in regard to the art of Fortifications what the literary masterpiece of the Prince Louis Napoleon is in regard to the science of Artillery, a standard authority, a work entitled to the respect of the military profession. LYRA CHRISTIANA. Poems Original and Se lected. By Robert Montgomery. George Bell. A charming volume is that now lying before us, and one which will be acceptable to the very nume rous class delighting in religious versification. In its 300 pages are comprised some of the very best pas sages to be found in the writings of Robert Mont pinery. That the book is capable of achieving for itself a wide popularity may be readily admitted, when it is borne in mind how large has been the de mand, during some years past, for the rhythmical works of the author of this collection. The fact of that demand is one requiring the consideration of everyone interested in the progress of literature. Ac cording to Mr. Macaulay (our readers will find the circumstance mentioned somewhere in one or other of his two first volumes of the "History of England"), the most extraordinary success ever achieved by any poem in our tongue was that which welcomed the first appearance of Dryden's "Hind and Panther." Now the "Hind and Panther, as everyone knows, was not only a religious poem but a controversial poem, expressing as it did the views entertained by that great man John Dryden on the occasion of his becoming a Catholic. So that verse when applied to the dogmas of Christianity was more than usually acceptable to English readers in the seventeenth cen tury, just as it is with English readers now-a-days. In testimony of this it is only necessary to remark the reputation obtained within a very moderate interval by Robert Pollock's " Course of Time"—a work which has reached already its nineteenth edition. Similar has been the success achieved by the ethical verse of Robert Montgomery—his " Messiah" being in its tenth edition, his " Satan" in its twelfth, and his "Omnipresence of the Deity" in its twenty-third. Aware of these remarkable facts, we are satisfied that the beautiful little bijou of a volume before us will be eagerly welcomed in many quarters, and that with a fervour like that accorded to the "Christian Life," the religious world in England will turn to the pages of the lyra Christiana. LITHOGRAPUIC I'OETELAITS.—We hare just had submitted to us an admirable lithographic proof print, after a daguerreotype by J. E. Mayall, pub lished by Mr. J. L. Grundy, of 130, Regent-street, ex ecuted on stone by that accurate delineator of pictorial life, Mr. G. B. Black, representing four of the most eminent medical psychologists of the present day (Messrs. Munro, Winslow, Lawrence, and Suther land) in consultation, a subject which forms a suit able companion to a print previously published by the same house, of celebrated chemists. TUE LATE ME. JAMES WOODS.—Tn our obituary of this day week we noticed the decease of this gentleman, who for no less than thirty-six years was a distinguished or nament of the newspaper press of the metropolis. For more than thirty years of that time Mr. Woods was connected with the literary department of the Times, and it is not too much to say that during that long period it would be difficult to point out any one individual who had more endeared him self to his colleagues and his cotemporaries by the amenity of his manners, the kind-hearted aid he was always ready to extend to his juniors in an arduous vocation, and perhaps more than all by the social warmheartedness which made every can whose hand was once grasped in his feel that he had ac quired a friend who had an affectionate interest in his wel fare. Such was the' man who was yesterday consigned to his last home in Nunhead Cemetery. "lo sleeps well," but years on years will roll away ere those who enjoyed the pleasure of Lis friendship will lose the memory of one who shed so many hours of happiness around him. Reguiescat in pace !—Herald. Application 73 to be made to Government for a supply of convict labour, for the erection of a breakwater in the .Bay of Wick, as a harbour of refuge to shipping on that out.— Glasgow Mail. FRIDAY WESTERN IRELAND AS A FIELD FOR ENGLISII EA' TERPRISE.' Several years have passed away since the publica tion of Doctor (now Sir Robert) Kane's able work on the Industrial Resources of Ireland attracted public attention, on this side of the Channel, to the abun dant means that existed in that country for its own material and social improvement. Parliamentary blue-books, and tourists without number, before and since, hs.vo contributed their quota to our general stock of information on the subject, but unhappily without effecting much towards the object at which they aimed. In seeking to account for this, we need not long be at a loss to discover sufficient reasons. We apprehend they have been of a twofold cha racter. First, the information supplied has com monly been of a too general nature, and has not been calculated to fix the attention of our enter prising capitalists upon any specific objects, to which they might devote their energies and their wealth. Secondly, the cause of this absence of success is to be traced, in a great measure, to many economical considerations that no longer exist—the principal being the almost complete want of manufactures to employ a population that was too numerous to be profitably employed on the land. It is admitted on all hands that Nature has been prodigal of her bless ings to this favoured island. No country can boast of a better soil or a milder climate. It possesses all the requisites for commercial and manufacturing greatness. Its aptitudes for mechanical power are unrivalled. Its natural means of internal communi cation, by rivers and lakes, are the theme of constant admiration from all who investigate the subject ; whilst, of late, its geographical position with respect to America has added a new feature to this already imposing catalogue of attractions. But, alas !up to the present, on the one hand comparative ignorance— not withstanding all that blue-books and travellers have done to enlighten us—as to the special means by which these vast resources might be profitably deve loped ; and, on the other, undeniably formidable, economical, and social obstacles have defeated alike the capitalist and the philanthropist, the statesman and the adventurer in their attempts to enter upon this goodly land that they might possess it ; and still it remains the grave of enterprise—the plague-spot of the empire. If these remarks are specially applicable to any one district of Ireland rather than another, we have no hesitation in saying that the province of Connaught is that district. There the bounty of Heaven and the abject misery of man stand side by side in appalling contrast. " There," to use the elcquent language of our author, "in the midst of riches there is poverty ; in the midst of plenty there is scarcity; in the midst of material beauty there is moral desolation." Let us not forget, however, that the west of Ireland, with all its misery, is remarkable for its comparative freedom from crime. We believe we are correct in saying, that in respect of all serious offences against the law, its criminal statistics will bear comparison with those of the most peaceable counties of England—no mean eulogy upon a peasantry steeped to the lips in poverty, with little inducement to respect property or law, which deny to them a proper supply of the very ne cessaries of life. The peaceful and industrious habits of the peasants of Connaught, we suspect, will have no inconsiderable effect in determining many whose minds are now turned to the subject of enterprise in Ireland—so far at least as the locality of their labours is in question. At the time of my visit to the neighbourhood of Newport (says Mr. J. H. Tuke, a well-known and esteemed member of the Society of Friends) nearly one thousand persons, principally women, were en gaged by Sir R. O'Donnell in harvesting the crops ; the women earned 4d. per day, and the men Bd. Even at this miserable rate of wages I have seldom seen more cheerful or industrious labourers. "If we don't get work we will all die. Won't your honour get us work for the winter, or we will all starve," was the constant and touching appeal ; and yet this was from the people we daily hear branded as idle and unwilling to work ! This is a valuable testimony on behalf of the poor Irishman of the west, emanating, as it does, from a shrewd and impartial witness, who had abundant op portunity of forming a correct opinion of the habits of the people whom he visited. We have met with some others equally satisfactory ; but it is needless to say more of a matter which appears to be granted by all who have taken the pains to investigate it, and those who dislike trouble may find as much informa tion as they require on the subject of western Ireland generally in Mr. Rigby Seymour's work, to which we refer them. Mr. Seymour has had the good sense to avoid the common error of writers on Ireland, which we have mentioned above. He is not content with generally stating its industrial and agricultural resources. In deed nothing in his book pleases us more than his careful abstinence from all those meaning less "gene ralities," which Lord Bacon well characterized as merely bhsndientia et speciosa. His proposition is to in troduce and extend the cultivation of what the French denominate " Commercial Plants," and he proposes some questions in reference to three of them, to all of which he gives definitiee and most satisfactory answers in the aflSrmative. Here are his "few prac tical questions." 1. Uan beet sugar, grown and manufactured in Ire land, compete with foreign and colonial sugars? 2. Should a company, undertaking the manufacture of beet sugar in Ireland, rely on private enterprise for the supply of roots, or include in its operation as well the cultivation of the beet as the manufacture of sugar? 3. Can rotation crops of beet and flax be advan tageously introduced into Ireland? If so, should the cultivation and manufacture of flax, together with that of beet, form a principal object of the promoters of such a company ? 4. Are the soil and climate of Ireland suited to the growth of chicory ; and would its manufacture there, en a large scale, be profitable? 5. Without reference to the Commercial Plants' mentioned, does the west of Ireland present any natural capabilities, agricultural or industrial, which peculiarly render it an eligible field for th e emp l o yment of capital ? 6. What are the best means for introducing manu factures of beet sugar, flex, &c., &e Ire land, and for otherwise developing i , into western ts agricultural and industrial resources ?" In treating the first question Mr. Seymour refers to the example of France and Belgiim. 1849.50, the quantity In the year was 75,000 tons, although in 1840 the duty was only 1 ls. 6d. per cwt., and in 1850 it amounted to from 18s. 7d. to 1/. 2s. per cwt. on raw Belgium the manufacture of eugars, according of sugar produced in France to quality, and 1/. 6s. 7d. on refined. The present year exhibits a still further increase of 10,000 tons. In In France, attained to an equal degre e of toportance, and is yearly increasing, so that shortly that country will raise a sufficient supply for the whole of its indigenous sugar has own consumption. beet sugar has now no protective duty to en courage it : in fact, the manufacturers complain that certain ex cise regulations give a vi r t ua l protection of 6 per cent. to colonial sugar. With such facts to encourage us, it only remains to inquire whether Ireland can furnish beet-roots at as l ow a pr i ce as the sugar growing countries of th e C ont i nen t ; happy to have overwhelmi ng evidencP and we are o n this part of the subject. Without entering into tiny t edious de tails, we might almo s t content ourselves with the figures of Professor Hasidcock, who;, w e think, has somewhat hastily pronounc e d hi mse lf o pposed to the manufacture of sugar i n I re l an d . He 5 states average price of beet -roots i n F ranc to be 15s. lid. Is. the per ton. M. Paul Hamin, th e ce l e brated manufac turer of Valenciennes, puts th em down " The crop of beet -roots which is usually obtained in France," says Sir Robert Kane, a varies from 10 to 16 toms per statute (English) acre; the mean pro duce may be taken at 12 tons. Mr. Seymour shows that in Ireland the crops in the better cultivated counties generally exceed 20 tons per Irish acre. On comparing (says Mr. Seymour) the average produce per acre of the sugar-beet in those depart ments in France, where it is principally grown, as given by Moreau de Jonnes and Boussiughault, uith the Government returns of the average produce of turnips and beet per acre for the unfavourable year 1848, it will be found that the produce of an acre of land sown with beet in a badly cultivated part of Ire land in unfavourable years, is considerably higher than the general average in favourable years, of the best cultivated departments in France. We remember, in the Exhibitors' list of the last annual show of the Royal Dublin Society, mention being made of specimens of mangold wurtzel (a variety of beet), which weighed from 12 lbs. to 18 lbs. each, having been taken from a crop averaging 40 to 60 tons per English acre. Mr. Seymour shows satisfactorily that beet-roots can be profitably raised in Ireland at 103. per ton or less—its soil and climate being much more suited for the production of root crops than of cereals. "It has been ascertained," says an able writer in the " Rural Cyclormiis, " that the quantity of nitrogen in grain produced in the southern and middle parts of Europe, and in the United States of America, is greater per cent. than in that grain under the most favourable circumstances in Ireland ; and the humid atmosphere of Ireland, on the other hand, highly favours the growth of grasses, and herbage, of roots, of flax, and of hemp." Now, if there be no reason—and we know of none —why the cost of the process of manufacturing sugar in Ireland should be greater than in France, it ap pears pretty plain that it would be but prudent to open up this new and promising source of industrial employment to those unhappy peasants who are at present craving work at the rate of from 41. to Bd. per day, according to the statement of the excellent • "How to Employ Capital in Western Ireland, beicg Answers to a Few Practical Questions upon the Manu facture of Beet Sugar, Flax, and Chicory, in connexion with a Land Invcstuccut in the West of Ireland." By William Digby Seymour, of the Middle Temple, Bar rister-at-Law. Third Edition. Ridgway and Effingham Wilson. EVEN IN Clit, DECEMBER 19, lBbl. member of the Society of Friends, from whose in teresting narrative we have already quoted. Having already exceeded our limits in this notice, we dismiss the subject for the present, purposing to return to it upon an early occasion. MANCHESTER REFORM RESOLUTIONS. The Stockport Reform Association held its annual so:ree on Tuesday evening, in the County Court Hall. Mr. BRIGHT, M.P., was the first speaker, and in responding to the sentiment given from the chair (occupied by Mr. Hampson), "Mr. John Bright, and speedy success to the scheme of Parliamentary Reform so ably expounded by him at the late delegate meeting in Manchester," said—The last time he met the Reformers of Stockport was about six years ago, and the sentiment with which his name was coupled led him back very naturally to the consideration of one or two points with regard to that period. In 1845, and about this period of the year, it was first an nounced that Sir Robert Peel had determined—of course because Sir Robert Peel had so determined— that the corn-laws should be abolished. Now this was about seven or eight years after the League had first discussed the question, and brought it promi nently before the public. Now he should like to ask them what was the reason that it was required that the struggle should be maintained for seven years before they could obtain the abolition of the corn-laws? The reason was a very simple one. If they could step inside of the House of Commons, as it had been his fortune to do almost every day for six months in the year for the last nine years, they would perceive that their opinions were not prevalent opinions there, ard that their in prosentatives, or those who spoke their sentiments in that House, or the sentiments of the great mass of the population, were not in a majoriry, or in any great number in that House ; but they would find that representatives of an entirely different class, and in numbers a very small section of the community, were intrenched in both Houses of Par lament; so that, without some great and long-con tinued agitation, it was impossible to overcome them or to convince them. When he spoke of convincing them, it was not convincing their reason so much as convincing them that they must be compelled to sur• render.—(Cheers and laughter.) Well, now, at this very moment there were many things which the people of this country thought were wrong in our Government or in our Administration, and they perceived, or were beginning to perceive, that the very reason why so little could be done in Parliament to improve any of our institutions was precisely the same reason which made it so extremely difficult to abolish the corn-law. The House of Commons was considerably more the representative of the House of Lords and of the great landed proprietary than it was the representative of the property, the industry, and intelligence cf the whole people of this country.—(Hear, hear.) Now, the sentiment which had been read referred to the resolutions which were passed in Manchester, less than a fortnight ago, at a conference of gentlemen assembled chiefly from Lancashire and Yorkshire. From the accounts in the papers they would know that the conference was of a very iufluential cha racter ; that it was composed of men of education, property, and influence, and all those qualities which gave men standing in this country. The resolutions passed at that conference were passed in the belief that a law based upon them would give to the people of this country that representation to which they were justly entitled. Their object was not to take care that every particular individual in the country had a vote, nor that every Member of Parliament should have precisely the same number of constituents ; but they were prepared with the view of obtaining the sanction of the good, the liberal, the well-intending portion of every class of society ; andjudging from the mode in which they had been received, he was happy to believe that the conference bad not wholly failed in the object which it had in view. —(Hear, hear.) With regard to the franchise, the resolution proposed that the principle which had existed from time immemo rial in this country should be adopted—the principle of voting within parishes, which he believed no one ever complained of as being too extended or too contracted a suffrage, that every person liable to rat ing, every person rated in fact, every person who has a right to have his name on the rate-book by virtue of any occupation he might hold, should have the fran chise; that, in point of fact, the rate-book should be the register of electors. If that had worked well in all the parishes in England, if it had been the fran chise adopted in municipal boroughs and had worked well in poor-law unions, he could not see why it !should not work equally well in electing Members of 'Parliament. And this conference proposed, and a great meeting in the Free-trade Hall sanctioned the same evening, the proposition that it was desirable that a measure should be introduced by the Govern ment, of which they had some faint promise, and that it should be based upon that most efficient and ad mirable franchise, which, while generally speaking, it admitted every settled inhabitant to vote, wherever it excluded men did not exclude them because they belonged to a particular class in society. The next proposition of the conference was the establishment of a system by which voters could go to the poll without compulsion and without fear, the vote by ballot.—(Loud cheers.) He met a gentle man the other day who was a candidate at the List general election for a borough in Yorkshire. That gentleman was not understood to be of the political party to which he (Mr. Bright) was supposed to be long, but he said he thought he ought to be in favour of the ballot, because when he was a candidate at the last election he only lost by a very small majority, and no less than 44 of the voters who had signed the requisition to him ultimately voted for his opponent. They voted of course under more or less of compul sion or influence, which the ballot would shield elec tors from. Ile did not know what had been done in Stockport, but he saw a great many very large fac tories as he came over the great bridge, and large factories had come to give very much the same power in their locality as large landed proprietors had in other districts. And although he believed there were in all towns many who, through possessing great influence, yet scrupulously abstained from using it upon any elector, yet whenever any of these large establishments, whether land or mills, came into the hands of a man who was not just or conscientious, it could then be exercised, and often was exercised, against the interests of the consti tuency and against the public interests.—(Hear.) He should like to find a man who could give an argu ment against the ballot. He had heard it discussed repeatedly in the House of Commons ; he had heard one of their representatives speak of it; but he never heard an argument against it. The only thing that had been said only showed that there was no argu ment. It was said to be an un-English way of voting. But if there was one thing worse than an other, according to the spirit in which the Govern ment of this country was established, it was that a man to whom the constitution professed to have given a vote should give a vote not in accordance with his honest convictions, but in accordance with the dic tates of an employer, a creditor, a customer, or some body who had some influence over him. It was a notorious thing that in almost every borough in Eng land—certainly with the exception of the largest boroughs—this influence was used to a great extent at every election. He had been himself on election committees, and he would show them how it was managed. He had felt humiliated many a time to see the course that appeared to be absolutely necessary to be taken in order to work an election at all, where the constituency was small, and where majorities were not large. When the election came pretty near, and the canvass was tolerably well finished, and every body that could be seen had been seen once or twice or three times, and when the names were finally written down of the people who were to vote for A or for B, then there was a list made of persons who were not yet pledged. Every one knew that some were not pledged because they were dishonest, and thought they could make something by holding back till a late hour. Others were not pledged because they felt themselves under a pressure which they doubted very much whether they would be able to escape, and they had not yet made up their minds whether they ought to stick to their virtue and vote conscientiously and make the sacrifice, or whether they would become the tools and instruments of some per son who had power over them. The list was made out, and before a large committee it was read over, and it . wa3 asked then whether anybody knew any body who had influence with this elector; and some one who was his employer or his customer, or who lent him money when he was in distress, or who had the dispensing power of some charity was pointed out as most likely to influence this man's vote, and his name was put down as a memorandum opposite to that man's name on the list. And so to every man's name there was another's name placed opposite, of the man who was sup posed to be master of his vote. Well, these men were requested by the committee to exercise their in. fluence over these unhappy voters, and, if possible, to get them to pledge and take care they did not escape, but come up on the day of election. Then they were told that the ballot could not be without its ob jections, because a man who was in these difficult circumstances, and who now was forced to vote as somebody else wishes him, would go to the poll and vote for A, telling Mr. So-and-so that be voted for B; telling the gentleman who had influence over him what was untrue, and, therefore, deceiving him, and being guilty of falsehood and a species o f treachery. In the first place, that gentleman had no right to ask him.—(Cheers.) But they must bear in mind that whatever result of this nature might follow, either to the extent of deceit or falsehood, which in certain cases might arise, yet that whatever it was it would be no more than the measure of the oppression which was now practised upon the electors • and that every elector who, under the b a ll ot, would' thus deceive a man who asked him how he voted, w ould, if there was no ballot, be th e servant of that' individual, and be guilty o f lie by voting contrary to the =vie' tions of his heart.—(Cheers.) His own opinion was, that no moral or religious man who examined thesys tern of our electioneering could feel less than the deepest humiliation et the scenes which took place all over the country ; and he could not conceive how such a man c ou ld refuse his assent to the establish ment of the vote by ballot. He should say that any Minister who was really anxious to improve the r.e presentation of th e peop l e wou ld most signally fail in the perf ormance of his duty if he d id not connect with the measure, whatever it might he, the shelter of the ballot. H e b e li eved that any Minister who withheld it from the electors, after the experience of so many years, preferred that th e votes s h ou ld be given under theseimpure and immoral influences, rather than under the impression of intelligent and conscientious duty on the pa r t o f t h e elector who was intrusted with that vote. Another proposition of the conference was t . hat , we should have a considerable alteration in the distribution of the franclaise. In Stockport, he membershnd3o o ,o t o o o P a a Parliament ia m m o e r n e t , believed, there were about 60,000 inhabitants. There were . many boroughs with not more than 5,000 inha absitasnttosckwp-hoortredtiudr.nmedannscimienstneyr 000 11 1 t rs and only returned two members, from 12 while Stockport, with only 1,300 or 1,400 electors, returned as many. These inequalities actually deprivedo them of what real representation there was. Out every seven men they met, six of them had no vote at all, and the number of electors all over the country amounted to less than 1,000,000 ; an d the Members who went to Parliament were so distributed am ong these that all their great seats of population, wealth, intelligence, and p ower , were d epr i ved of power in the Government, and were matched end even out balanced by little paltry boroughs in different parts of the country—half a dozen of which might be carved out of Manchester, and Manchester would not appear less than it was now.—(Hear.) He hoped that the propositions sul , mitted by the conference in Manches ter would meet with the approbation not of this meet ing only, but of all the population of this town. The Minister had during the last session of Parliament dis tinctly declared that at the opening of next session he would be prepared to submit a measure of reform to Parliament. They believed he would keep his pro mise. His measure might be a very small one, which would ba very unstatesmanlike, or it might be one of substantial improvement. If it were the latter, of course they who were in favour of Par liamentary reform would give it all the support in their power. But it must be borne in mind that a large section of the House of Comtnoee, as in 1830 and 1831, wanted no reform at all. The House of Lords did not wa n t r e f o rm ; and it was not quite clear that all the m em b ers o f th e Cabinet wanted it. If they went to the House of Commons they might make whatever speeches and give what votes they liked, but if there was not a manifestation of opinion out of doors they would see at once that they were utterly incapable—they who were in a minority—to cope with this banded and confederated monopoly of power arrayed ogainst them. Mr. KERSHAW, one of the Members for Stockport, was the next speaker, and congratulated the Reform Association on its growing power and on the improved position of the register. He announced his intention of offering himself for the borough again at the next election, and was loudly cheered in making the an nouncement. He said they had already heard of the Reform Conference at Manchester, and a more influ ential body he thought he never saw assembled than that conference,or men actuated with more zeal in the cause of reform than were at present at that meeting. But the present meeting was alai, doubtless, aware that Lord John Russell had promised, in the next session of Parliament, a Bill on the subject of Par liamentary Reform, and it became a matter of anxiety in the country of what complexion and character that Bill would be. He did not expect it would be of too liberal a character, though he would do his Lordship the justice to say that he agreeably disappointed even the Reformers of this country some twenty years ago, when he brought forward his first Reform Bill. —(Hear, hear.) If his Lordship's new measure, however, was of a liberal character, he hoped it would be received as it ought to be. But suppose the Go vernment were to propose a little, meddling, insig nificant measure, whose fault would it be ? He was convinced that the people would never consent to go unrepresented as they now were, and if that was their determination they ought to make their opi nions felt by the Government. Several other gentlemen addressed the meeting. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. On Tuesday, Sir William Cubitt, President, in the chair, the paper read was " On the Alluvial Forma- tions and the Local Changes of the South-Eastern Coast of England ; First Section, from the River Thames to Beachy Head," by Mr. J. B. Redman, M. Inst. C. E. The paper stated that the passage of shingle along the English coast, due, as was generally believed, to the action of waves alone, took on the south coast, a course from west to east, and on the east coast, from north to south ; during certain winds the shingle was heatipe l / 4 1 up coincident with their direction, and re peated withdrawals and renewals (the latter being the most frequent), caused a lee ward movement of the ma terial, forming it at the same time into a series of triangles, of which the shore W2s the base. If any natural or artificial projection intercepted this motion, an accumulation, which would increase and be held in check, according to the state of the wind, took place up to a certain point, or until the angle formed was filled up, when the shingle would pass round. With groynes, by far the most common action was, unless they were of great height, or short length, for the shingle, after accumulating on the weather side to the level of the top of the groyne, to pass over it, and then travel to leeward. The degradation of the north shore of Kent, the local formation of shingle around the Isle of Thanet, by the wasting away of that chalky promontory, and the retention of large masses of alluvial matter in Pegwell Bay were dwelt on. The main belt of shingle lying to the south of Deal, and extending from thence to Dover, with its early and present effects on the harbour at the latter place, were then described; also, the early condition of Folkestone harbour, the large accumnlation of shingle arrested to the westward of that haven, by the projection of a low-water pier, or groyne, at right angles to the harbour, and its effect upon the shore to the eastward, by retarding the progressive motion of the shingle in that direction. Further en, the curious formation at Dungeness Point, which it was reasonable to suppose did not, at one time, exist, as the parallel " fulls" of beach between Romney and Lydd, and ex extending from Wincheleea on the west to Hythe on the east, seemed formerly to have constituted the sea coast. The rectangular " full," running from the banks on the west side of Lydd towards the point, might have been created by an accumulation of shingle travelling from the westward, held in check by the outfall of the river Rother ; the angle con tained by this spit and the coast to the westward be coming gradually filled up with shingle, a silty deposit would take place on the east side, consequent on the gradual loss of Romney harbour, and the length of the spit would be increased by the parallel ridges of shingle periodically added to, and travelling round it. Numerous examples, extending over two centuries, showed that the average annual increase was six yards, reaching over certain periods, an average of eight yards per annum—the absolute increase since the time of Elizabeth being nearly one mile; and they proved conclusively that the average progress seaward, producing a determinate aggregate elonga tion in a south easterly direction, was much greater than had been generally assumed, though not re gular, fur the Ness had even been stationary during certain periods. The gradual decadence of the ancient ports of Hythe, Romney, and Lydd, to leeward of this point, were than alluded to, as also the diversion of the out fall of the river Bother to Rye, once an estuary of the sea, and then forming Romney Harbour ; the great increase of shingle to the westward; the early and abortive attempts to form a harbour at Hastings ; the vast abrasion of the coast along Pevensey Bay, the harbour of which place had been lost by the elongation and extension of Langley Point. Be tween the origin of this point and that of Dungeness there was a remarkable similarity, both having originally had a tidal haven to the leeward, eventu ally choked up by the elongation of th ese sp it s across their outfalls ; both had pools, or mores, arising from the landlocked waters, and in both cases the modern "fulls" of shingle could be plainly distinguished from the more ancient, by their forms and direction. The remarkable decrease of this point, about three-eights of a mile, during the last century, appeared to principally from Old B r i g ht on beacharise af fording early conditionthenecessa and presentsupplyry of lii stateno longer ngle. The of Cuckmere and Newhaven harbours, the great deg ra d at i on o f t h e coast at Rottingdean, the sweeping a w ay, during Elizabeth's reign, of th e b eac h and town of Old Brighton, then standing on the site of the present chain pier, the materials from which formed the spits to the eastward, were then described. The author bad personally insp ec ted the whole of this coast, th e different sections of which he _ pro mised to give in succession, and had also examined the earliest accessible maps, and the works of the best topographical writers, who were frequently referred to, in el uc id a ti on o f the subject, which was one of vrafsitaiennicp:rttaoncteheincomnsatrriuncetieonng engineering , er ing barbours especially and coast in 1(s of defence • as he submitted that it was most and the many instances of the compensating warns that such ' natural agencies as had been de scribed, e ff e cts of alternating loss and gain, should be cor rectly understood. It was announced that the annual general meeting would be held on Tuesday, December 23, when the annual report would be read, and the ballot for the President, Vice-Presidents, and other members of the council, would take place ; and, also, that at the meeting of Zie§day, jAngary 13, 1852, the Recucl Section of Mr. Redman's p treating of the cond:- Cons of the coast from Machv MEd to Portland and the Chesil Bonk, would be read. COURT OF COMMON COUNCIL. Yesterday a Court was held for the dispatch of business. CLERNENWELL IMPROVEMENTS. Mr. Deputy LOTT said that, having seen in the newspapers a paragraph stating that the C'erkenwell improvements had been entirely suspended until the opinion of Parliament had been taken upon Mr. Pearson's plan, he wished to ask the chairman of the committee whether such was the case ? Mr. T. H. HALL—Certainly 'not, and for very good reasons, because the corporation, in clearing the ground, will be so far from obstructing such a plan, supposing that plan were to be sanc tioned, that they will actually have facilitated it. Our first duty is to clear the ground. We can go on with our duty in giving the notices. Tony are being given. Mr. Bunning has reported, and if nothing comes of the other scheme, still the Corpora tion will have done their duty as regards the Bill they have obtained. THE GREAT CENTRAL GAS CONSUMERS' COMPANY. rose to move : "That this December - ea:ly, appoint one or more in the month of December yec:iy, appoint one or more fit person or persona to exam 3 ine and audit the accounts ---- Ccnrt do. in the month of Dnember, and fit person or p of the Great ~en the 15th section of the in pursuance of preceding year, t , e I. 14th and 15th of Victoria, Act of Parliament of C. 49, entitled ` i'n o rrs t o ra ' l Gas Consumers Company for the Gas Consumi rs Company.' lappoint a practical chemist, " That this Coast do P 0 incorporate till Great Central quality of the gas . to test the or other competent Feria, bi- to the 39:h section supplied by tne company) ' -grecs ~: of the said Act. • t a fit persons to be " That this Curt do also appoint and the ..A ct to ' inspEctor, to test, as between the co i rPp d a b ny the company, con sumer, all metres furnished or supplied by and to stamp 11r. same, a greea bl y to the 40th section of the said Act." Mr. Deputy HOLT seconded the motion. Mr. If. L. TAYLOR opposed the motion. lie moved as an amendment : " That inasmuch as the Great Central Gas Con- Burners Comp any ' s A ct does not render imperative, but grants merely a permissive right to the corporation to appoint an auditor, a practical chemist, and an inspec tor, while it leaves the salary of the letter undefined, and that of the chemist entirely unprovided for, and as there is also a degree of ambi gu it y existing with reference to the auditor, that it is for thpce and other reasons inex pedient and impolitic for the Court to inseirbis. —, such appointments; and th at i t be a recommendation i to the company to manage their own affAirs in the appoint ment and remuneration of such officers, as they con sider necessary, either as regards the auditing their accounts, the quality of the gas, or inspection of the meters." After a and declared to long be dislost. cussion, the a men d ment Was put The original motion, with the addition suggested by Mr. Morris, was then adopted. rEAR-STEF.T AND DUCK-LANE RAGGED SCHOOLS. A memorial, praying for a grant in favour of these schools, was read. Mr. BENNOCH supported the application. It was opposed by Mr. DE JER3EY, who moved the previous question, which was carried; the application being, as a matter of course, refused. THE ELECTION ACTS AMENDMENT BILL. Deputy HARRISON (the chairman of the Freedoms Committee) brought up a report, with the draught of a new clause, of the. Election Acts Amendment Bill. The clause was to the eff,ct— " That the returns heretofore made at the great court of wardmote, on Plough Monday, to the pi ecepts of the Lord Mayor for holding the wardmotes on St. Thomas's day shall, om aad after the passing of this Act, be made at a great court of wardmote, to be held by the Lord Mayor on the 31st day of December in each year, unless the same shall happen to be Sunday, and then on the following day, instead of Plough Monday:' The worthy deputy moved that the clause form part of the Bill. The motion having been seconded, Mr. H. L. TAYLOR moved, as an amendment, the following _ *2." That, immediately after each election of Common Councilmen in the several wards, a return be made to the Lord Mayor of the names of the members so elected, and signed by the presiding officer, and that a copy of the same be Lawarded to the Town-clerk." A long discussion followed, the material features of which were by no means valuable to the general pub lic, several personalities being indulged in during its continuance, interesting only to the parties them selves. The squabble having continued for a long period, was at length terminated by a division, when there appeared— For the report of the Committee 3l For Air. Taylor's amendment 27 Majority. ... .. . After a vary long discussion upon a clause pro plscd to be introduced into the Election Act Amend ment Bill with reference to the Common Councilmen acting immediately upon being sworn into office, it was agreed to withdraw the clause. Th Court unanimously agreed to refer it to the Freedoms Committee to prosecute the Bill in Par liament as they may be advised, and thus concluded the proceedings of the year by completing a measure of reform which, it is hoped, will prove advantageous to the citizens of London.—Adjourned. KOSSUTH'S RIVAL IN THE UNITED STATES. Lola Montes, accompanied by her agent, arrived in the Humboldt, and was present in the cabin when the address was delivered to Kossuth. She passed some smart jokes upon the whole affair, and a gentle man inftr.ned our reporter that she has declared Kossuth to be a great humbug. It is stated they had sonic conversations during the passage. The Countess of Lansfeldt was a prodigious favourite among the gentlemen passengers during the passage. She kept them continually in roars of laughter. She was not, at first, very well received by the lady passengers; but her manners at last secured her their cour tesy. The gentlemen were all delighted with her, as she sang and talked to them most charmingly. She certainly is an extraordinary woman, and as she is an ambitious one also, we may expect something won derful from her in the course of time. She is much lighter in her form, and more refined in her features, than she is represented in the paintings. She has a remarkably fine pair of eyes. No doubt she will create a furore of her own as well as Kossuth, whose rival she is for popularity. Immediately on the ar rival of the llumboldt at her pier yesterday morn ing Lola Montes, accompanied by her waiting maid, and attended by Mr. EdwardiWillis and her agent and private secretary, proceeded to the New York Hotel, where suitable apart ments were placed at her disposal by the proprietor of that establishment, Mr. Monnot. It was expected that the Countess—who has been styled " one of the femi nine glories of the Continent” —would have visited the Broadway Theatre last evening ; and a private box was accordingly placed at her disposal; but the fatigue of the v o y age , an d the excitement of her pecu li ar temperament, conscauent upon her arrival in the land of liberty, rendered it impossible for her to attend. The love of liberty, in its broadest and most com prehensive sense, she feels ; she has advocated it in the very heart of despotism, and she will find it here, but not, perhaps, in the same shape or form. We understand that efforts are being made to lo g asgann e hda n d t h l e e irys - secure the services of the fair &amuse ; but that not withstanding the many offers tendered her, she has, with considerable shrewdness, which has characterised e all her m ln tn o hard v ese e p m hpudre e itorg n afttne t ihssio,sfieniaesotdeanrls,iecchatalei managersdge peo rMnai gentleman private etr. ioae Barry,character , odl t i as h ß po sitionTniu n h a i n e v a l e y t ri r will insure to the fair Countess idea not only good counsel, but ttbjeusdtiacitoelsi.s dsiroemcteion of m h e a r y movementsof the estimation in which Lola Montes is held in the theatrical circles of Europe from the fact that g in Paris a comm i ttee of 500 gentlemen o ff ere d her 100 f. each, w hi c h would make somethin Many dollars, fur one evening's entertainment. sto ries are told g this great female 1 Republican, and thus coming • many motives attributed to her, for for the we are informed, before the public, but they about 10,000 the most part exaggerated. The pecuniary means of Lola M on t es are n ot independent. She need not, if it were so, voluntarily embrace the toils of an ar duoushe said to a gentleman of this professiosa, a a s s woman of that description which I am represented, city, " lf I was would I be compelled to go on th e s t ag e to earn a livelihood ?" We are informed th a t a box is reserved for Lola at the Broadway Theatre for Monday evening next.—New York Herald. A shunter at Doncaster, named William Leer, had his foot crushed on Wednesday morning by the tender of an engine running over it. He was attempting to jump upon the step of an engine while in motion, when his foot slipped; hence the accident. He lies in a dangerous state. A copy of the proposed treaty of commerce and navigation between Belgium and Great Britain has been received today from Brussals, and appears to confirm the anticipations expressed in the letter on the subject inserted - yesterday. Belgium avails herself of all the advantages of freedom in England, cad in return keeps up many of the most important restrictions against us with regard to the cargoes of our vessels and the maintenance of differential duties. Thus, the Belgian flig is to enjoy exclusive .fe privi leges in its own ports in the importation of cabinet and America; 3 woods, rice, sugar, coffee, tobacco, and cotton hfromountries of and of fruits, Oliva oil, and sulphur, from te tw e o-thirds of their production. As respects salt, although the remaining the actual duties are remitted, it is tbeetlievedrobibition, while amount is sufficiently high to opera with regard to transit dues in t h e in they are still to be imosed upon gunpowder_ a certain extent, upon linen, Y treaty is to be ratified on the mean while, it will excite attention Of course, in the long run ß el gium from her narrow Policy. in t erior and iron, and to and goods , and coals. The t arn t Of January next, and ' among the parties interested. a rlo a r p of the country will be the only sufferer