The Sun. — London, England, 1868-01-15 00:00:00

MR GLADSTQ AND RADTS UNIONS. An aggregate meeting 9r trades delegates has been held at the Bell Inn, Old Bailey, in accordance with a ieSol tion passed at 6 similar meeting held on the 31st beceinber 16st, to invite Mr. Gladstone itol.)ther leading.opponents a tradiS'unjou4 to attend 7itl ,feting to heap' from trades unionists' ihemsefvel what trades union iiirelpfes Tealfy are. Mr. George Potter presided, and the attendance of delegates Was unusually numerous, some fifty trade societies beixik represented. The CHAIR AN, in opening the proceedings, Baia the meeting had been called to lay before the delegates of trades unions certain statements Which had been recently made regarding these associations. He had sent a circular, signed by himself, to Mi. Gladstone, in which ipeci :1 atten tion was directed to " the . speech denunciatory of trades unions " (such was the phrase employed in the circular) made by that right hon. gentleman a short time ago at Oldham. He had, in reply, received the following letter from Mr. Gladstone : " Hawarden, Chester, Ja: - 1. b. "D oar have received a printed circular, under date January 1, and signed by you, with reference to the contents of which I beg to say, as it may save trouble to those whom you represent— ' I. That I am not aware of having made any rpeecll denunciatory of trades unions,' and that the word roust be an error either of the printer or the composer of the circular. In my speech at Oldham I stated that unions of working men wore in themselves rather to be commended than otherwise, and that if any objection were to be taken it must be to the abuse, and not the use, of such asso ciations. I then objected broadly, for myself, to all rules which tend to limit the freedom of labour, or to produce an artificial equality among workmen, and this mainly on the ground of the injury which they do to the working class. " 2. On these and on all other points I am very desirous ,0 be corrected and instructed by those better informed than myself, but I could not attend any public meeting for that purpose, while I should be most happy either to receive and consider any written document in answer to what I have said, or to hear any arguments from persons who might be appointed by such a meeting as is intended, and freely to converse with them in a friendly spirit as men should who have a common object in view, under the condition, however, that they would be good enough to select and state those propositions of mine which they might consider to call for animadversion.— I am, dear sir, your faithful servant, Mr. George Potter." "W. E. GLADSTONE. To this he (the chairman) had sent the answer sub ioined :—' " 10, Bolt-court, Fleet-street, London, Jan. 9. "Dear Sir,—l beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 6th inst., and, after some consultation with my colleagues, I beg to say that we are sorry that the circular convening the delegate meeting on Tuesday next contains a word which has caused you to take exception to itPand I hope that you will not think that it was used offensively. I regret, however, that we did not say erroneous' or ' incorrect'—instead of denunciatory' —as either of these words would have brouelt out our meaning and would have been more accurate. " I also bog to say that on reflection I entirely concur with you that a deputation of a representative character to wait upon you will be better for all purposes than a public meeting, and I shall sug7est this at the meeting on Tuesday, and I trust that it will be adopted, because it will give to the trades unionists an opportunity of refuting some of the false charges which have been brought against them by influential persons ; and will also afford them the means of making clear the reasons why some of them enforce a minimum rate of wages, and others the limita • Eon of apprentices.--I am, sir, yours obediently, " GEORGE PorrEll. "Right Hon. W. E. Glidstone, M.P." The chairman, in continuation, said he himself' approved the deputation, for it was probable that the proceedings of the deputation would be given more in extenso in the daily papers. What were trades anions really ? He de- Sued a trades union thus—" It is a combination of work. men to keep up the price of their labour and keep clown the Amin of work. It is the means taken by combinations to pre vent the individual workman at once agreeing to the employers' terms in the sale and purchase of his labour. In other words, a trades union is to prevent by giving the power of bargaining, which taken singly it is impossible for him to possess, so that he should suffer no reduction in wages below the regular demand and supply rate which governs the price of commodities in general. Trades unions seek to secure for the workman that share of the profits of production which is due to labour." Mr. Glad stone had said the influence of trades unions was to bring men down, not to one dead level, but to a middling level. He (the chairman) said that the majority of men working in any trade were of an average degree of skill, and no man was allowed to be enrolled in a society until his capa city was testified by two workmen of the satne trade. They had no objection that the masters should give superior men Inure wages, but the employers, instead of raising the pay of the more skilled workmen, always tried to pull them down. If they were allowed to give the inferior men less wages, they would then reduce the pay of the average workmen to the level of those of inferior capacity an 1 skill. With regard to piece-work and over-work, he was of opinion that they tended to the degeneration of the werkmen, for whatever additional pay the men mi;elit oi }bin iron overwork was devoted to a purpose far diffe rent from that for which they bad exhausted their ener gies. Strikes were alst•ays unfortunate, but they were sometimes absolutely necessary. It was said that no ad vantages were ever derived from these agitations, but lie asserted that various trades had profited largely by these movements. He would call their attention to the celebrated strike and lock-out in the building trade in 1859 ; 50,000, say, were locked out at that time, and let them suppose that each of these lost £2O, that would represent a total loss of £1,000,000. Since that they had obtained three ad vances, making ss. per week or £l3 a year increase in their rate of wages. That represented £65 for five years, and, calculating that 50,000 obtained that advantage, the whole gain to the trade would amount to £3,250,000 in five years, and, deducting the £1,000,000 lost by the strike, would leave a balance to its credit of £2,250,000. In conclusion, he recommended that such a course of action should be adopted as would conduce to remove the prejudices which existed against trades union societies. Mr. Gladstone was the leader of the Liberal party, and it was of the last im portance that all misunderstanding should be removed between that gentleman and the representatives of their association. _ _ _ Several delegates present addressed the meeting. The following resolution was adopted : " That this meeting form a deputation to Mr. Gladstone, as suggested by that gentleman in his letter read this evening, to explain tN him the real principles and objects of trades nia:onism." LAW AND POLICE. ----~- A CURIOUS rOINT.—In the Court of Common Pleas an application was made for a rule nisi for a new trial in the vase of Brickman v. Chambers. The plaintiff had taken shares in the General International Agency Company, and he sued three of the directors to recover damages upon the ground that he had been induced to take these shares by a statement in a prospectus that applications had already been received for upwards of one-half of the 25,000 shares which formed the first issue, and that this statement was untrue. At the trial the jury found for the plaintiff, and the motion on behalf of Captain Telly, J.N., one of the defendants, was for a rule for a new trial upon the ground that the balance of evidence was in favour of the captain's own testimony that he never saw the statement complained of, and did not know of its existence until after the action was brought. Mr. Justice Willes said that the court thought that the question was one which was worthy of discussion, and there would therefore be a rule. BETAKING OFF NEGOTIATIONS FOR A PARTNERSHIP. — Mr. Justice Smith and a common jury have been occupied , for two days in trying the case of Wardle v. Black." The plaintiff, a retired builder, had his attention some time air() attracted to an advertisement for a partner with £2,000 capital in the business of a West-end tailor. This advertisement was inserted by the defendant, and when the parties had been brought into communication a nego tiation for a partnership took place. The lawyer who was to draw the partnership deed died, and this caused some delay. During the tim e th a t e l apse d the plaintiff advanced £255, and before any deed was signed he broke off the affair, and declined to become a partner. He now sued to recover the £255 as money lent, but the defence was that the partnership had been orally agreed on, and that the Dioney advanced was part of the consideration for tho partnership. The jury found for the defendant. Mn. BOVILL% PATENT AGAIN.--In the suit of Bovill v. Hitchcock, which was an action relating to the well known patent of Mr. Bovill for improvements in the manu facture of flour, Lord Justice Cairns has refused an appli cation of the defendant made on appeal from the Master of the Rolls, that the else might be tried with the assis tance of a jury. His lordship held that there was no abstract rigz.t to have a jury ; it was a matter for the discretion of the court ; and he saw no reason for differing from the Master of the Rolls. SENDING BAD MEAT TO MARKET.—Mr. Joseph Good land, of Marriott, in Somersetshire, was charged at the Guildhall with bending , to the London market meat which was unfit for human food. It appeared that the defendant had purcltasad a lot of beasts at £8 a head, and another, which was in had conditign, was thrown in to clinch th e bargain. 'llia make-weight was killed and sent to the LoCant re.t•rket, and was there condemned by the inspector. Sir 'Robert Carden said that as the animal was emaciated, rather than dissa.sed, he should inflict only the mitigated pena;ty of 205., with 425. costs ; which, with the expense of coining to London to answer the charge, made the de fendant's rather a bad bargain, and it is hoped will prove a warning not only to him, but to others. AN IMPORTANT QUESTION FOR RAILWAY PASSENGERS. --The Manchester County Court has jest had before it an action ; brought by one Mr. Clement Hall, against the La yawl: ire :111;1 Yorkshire Rail way Company to cover dmaa,:xs for fal:;e imprisominnt and assault, and for refuniig to grant a contract ticket. The facts of the case were simply that the company neglected to renew Hall's contract ticket for several days, and in the meantime Hall travelled up and down the line with his old one. Upon one of these occasions the ticket collector at Miles Platting refused to acknowledge the validity of the old ticket, and teak the plaintiff on to Manchester. In this consisted the alleged assault and false iiuprisomnent. The real question at issue Nas—Are rail way compan i es b oun d, as c o mmon carriers, to issue contract tickets to an one who applies as for them, in the same way they 'are bound to carry any ono who tenders money fora single ticket? The company, through their legal adviser, contended that they should have the power of n'litz, their discretion in such a JUdgraeut was reserved. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. - READING STEEPLECHASES -T CESDAY. Owing to the postponement which was last week ren dered necessary, in consequence of the unsettled state of the weather, these chases, which were brought off to-day, were not so successful as they otherwise would have been, or as the energy of the management deserved. The stakes, which closed on Monday night, obtained but poor entries and the four races decided to-day produced only limited fields. The attendance, too, of the general public was hurt of previous anniversaries, but there was a fair muste r n the ring. Speculation, however, was not brisk. Bal loon defeated a warm favourite in Warwick Lass for the Open Hunters' Stakes, and Alice Mary, not backed for a shilling in the ring, won the Selling Steeplechase, Gany mode, the favourite, finishing second. An objection by the latter against the winner for a "cross' was not sus tained. Pakington, who came in first for the Handicap Plate, was disqualified, having run on the wrong side of flag, and the stakes were awarded to Love in a Mist. The day's racing concluded with the W hitloy Stakes, for which Lawrence came in alone, one of his opponents having fallen, and the other pulled up. Details are ap pended : An Open hunters' Stakes of 3 sovs each, with 20 added, for horses which have been regularly hunted with some established pick of hounds during the seasou of 1867- 68, and which have not been in any training stable for three months prior to the time of running for this stake ; 13st each ; any previous winner of 50 sovs to carry 71bs extra ; the winner to be sold fur 100 sous. Mr. A. Yates's Balloon (pedigree unknown) (h b), aged 13st (.£100) (Mr. P. G. Hobson) 1 Mr. Hoado's Warwick Lass, aged, 12st 21b, (£10) (Mr. Weston) 2 Mr. H. Stollery's Miss Franklin (h b), 6 yrs, 12st 21b (.£-10) (Mr. Vallander) , Mr. J. Goddard's Staple Oak (h b), aged, 12st 71b (.£50)0 (Mr. L. Goddard) . Mr. W. G. Jarvis's Farnborough, aged, 12st 91b (ine • 71b ex) (X4O) (0 wile Betting—Even on Warwick Lass, 5 to 2 agst Balloon and 10 to 1 " bar two." Warwick Lass made the running with a long lead of Balloon, the ethers following at inter vals fo about a couple of lengths for about a quarter of a mile, when the lot closed, but at the fence preceding the farmhouse the favourite quitted her horses, and, approach ing the brook, for the first time she was fully a hundred yards in advance of Balloon, who deprived Staple Oak of second place. Coming down the hill, Miss Franklin re fused at the farmhouse fence, and was not persevered with. Going up the hill s beyond the stand, Balloon decreased the distance between himself and the favourite, heading her in the next fence. Warwick Lass, however, was pulling over Balloon till about three-quarters of a mile from home, when Mr. Hobson drew away. For a moment, at the farmhouse, the favourite seemed formidable, but after clearing the brook she was beaten, and Balloon won easily by four lengths ; Farnborough and Staple Oak, who had been toiling on hopelessly in the rear, passed the post almost head and head some time after the judge had left the box. There was no advance upon the entered selling price of the winner. Selling Steeplechase of 3 sovs each, with 25 added ; 4-yre old, list, five, 12st, six and upwards, 12st 51b ; the N% in ner to be sold by auction after the race for 50 sows, and any surplus to be divided between the owner of the second horse and the fund; if entered to be sold for 30 sovs allowed 71b ; about two miles. Mr. Jarvis's Alice Mary, by Voltigour—Mary, by Mel bourne, 4 yrs, lOst 71b (.£3O) (Filkins) 1 Mr. W. Page's Ganymede, aged, list 121 b (.£3O)(J. Page) 2 Mr. Gilke's Sir Stephen, aged, list 121 b (.£3O) (T. Ablett•) 3 Mr. A. Weston's Belle of Kars, 6 yrs, list 121 b (X3O) (Heade) 0 Mr. Ellison's The Dictator, aged, 12st 51b (£5O) (Owner) 0 Mr. Mumford's Strike, aged, list 121 b (X3O) (Owner) 0 Betting—Even on Ganymede, 4 to 1 agst Strike, 5 to 1 agst The Dictator, and 6to 1 agst Sir Stephen. Belle of Kars made play, followed by Ganymede, the others being in a cluster to the farm-house fence, where The Dictator came down, and took no further part in the race. Belle of Kars was first over the brook, but before reach ing the stand she resigned the command to Strike, who led up tho hill, followed by Sir Stephen, the favourite, and Alice Mary. Ganymede dropped into the rear on the top of the hill, and Sir Stephen closed with Strike, whom ho headed at the fence into the stubble field. Strike imme diately afterwards boat a retreat, Ganymede simultane ously closing with Alice Mary, the pair going on in pur suit of Sir Stephen, who was, however, fully a dozen lengths ahead at the farmhouse fence. Descending the hill towards the brook the favourite and Alice Mary got on level terms with Sir Stephen, and the three cleared the brook abreast of each other, but Alice Mary was quickest in landing, and Sir Stephen bei rig in difficulties she was left in front. Coming up the straight she ap peared to tiro in the soft ground, and Page, riding the fa vourite most resolutely, got level with her, but Filkins calling ou the mare for a final effort, she responded gamely, and won an exciting race by a head. Sir Stephen was third, beaten 10 lengths. Belle of Kars and Strike walked in, hav ing been eased at the farmhouse, when pursuit was hopeless. On returning to scale Page lodged an objection against the winner, on the ground of a cross. The stewards imme diately entertainod the objection, taking the evidence of the jockeys, and after deliberation they decided that no cross had taken place. The winner was sold to Mr. J. Goddard for 86 guineas. A Handicap Plate of 50 sor•a, for all ages ; the winner to ba sold for 70 soya, and any surplul to ba dividod between the owner of the second horse and the fund ; entrance 2 sous, to go to the fund ; about two miles cud a half. Mr. Percival's Love in a Mist, by Martext—Wings of a Dove, aged, list 71b Mr. W. G. Jarvis's Farnborough, aged, list 121 b, (0 wnor) 2 Mr. Smith's Pakington, 5 yrs:, lOst 101b...(J. Holman) die. Betting-5 to 4on Love in a Mist, 6to 4 agst Paki ngton, and 6to 1 (at first 6to 4) agst Farnborough. The last mentioned held the lead until reaching the farmhouse fence, about half a mile from home, when the other two, who had been lying handy, closed with him, and the three took the water jump in close company. Immediately after landing Pakington got the best of it, and maintaining his advantage to the end, won iby a length fiom the favou rite, Farnborough being defeated a length from Love in a Mist. At the scale Coslett, the rider of Love in a Mist, lodged an objection against the winner for having gone on the wrong side of a flag at the fence near the farmhouse The stewards visited the spot where Pakington was alleged to have run out, and they found tracks on the outside of the flag, as indicated by Coslett, the/ rider of Love-in-a-Mist. They also heard the evidence of several eye-witnesses, and at once disqualified Pakington, award ing the race to Love-in-a-Mist. The Whitley Stakes (free handicap) of 5 sovs each, with 50 added ; winners after Dec. 31, at 1C a.m., 71b extra. About three miles. Sir W. Call's Lawrence (h b), by Vortex, aged, 12st 71b (G. Searle) 1 Mr. IT. Ellison's Spatchccck, aged, list 71b......(0wner) 0 Mr. Clifford's Watorperry, aged, Ilst (Mr. F. G. Ifpbson) 0 Betting-5 to 4on Waterperry, and .5 to 4 agst Law rence. Waterperry was the first away, but on passing the Stand he gave way to Lawrence, Spatchcocic following in the rear. Traversing the hillside the favourite again took up the running, but he held only a slight advantage till reaching the stubble field, where ho took a c:ear lead , Spatchcock being at this point so far in the rear that his owner pulled him up. At the brook Lawrence headed the favourite, and the pair kept close company until reach ing the farmhouse fence, where Waterperry, completely exhausted, came down, but sustained no injury. Lawrence was thus left to canter in alone. THE CALEDONIAN AND NORTH BRITISH RAIL.. WAYS.—The Scotsman of yesterday says :—" It has been pretty well understood lately that important negotia tions have bean going on between committees of the di rectors of the Caledonian and North British Railway Com panies, including the chairman in each case. Wo believe that the terms of an agreement for a long period of year; upon the principle of a joint-purse, on the basis generally of gross revenue returns, have now been all but arranged, and will shortly be submitted to meetings of the share holders of both companies, to be specially called for their consideration and approval. It is also understood that the arrangement will include mutual stipulations for the post ponement of a large amount of new works on the part of both companies. This arrangement will, undoubtedly, form one of the most important eras in the history of rail way property, and may be expected to operate most bane.. ficially for the contracting parties." ROMEO COATES, THE AMATEUR TRAGEDIAN. About 1801 one of the most conspicuous characters in the park was a tall, thin, elderly West Indian, with a sallow wrinkled face, who, wrapped up in costly furs, paraded in the drives, in a shell-shaped carriage, drawn by two fine white horses. The eccentric but handsome vehicle was covered with the owner's heraldic device—a cock crowing. This shallow, inane, yet cunning-looking man was that celebrated amateur tragedian, Mr. Romeo Coates. Ho was supposed incorrectly to be a second Crowns ; and he appeared at London balls covered with as many diamonds as Count Esterhazy, who was popularly supposed to drop three hundred pounds' worth of them every night he went out. His buttons, even his knee buckles, glistened with diamonds. Insanely vain and utterly foolish, Romeo Coates appeared on the stage as Shakespeare's youth ful lover, first at Bath, and then at the Haymarket. Th e ridiculous being wore a spangled cloak of sky-blue silk, red pantaloons much too tight, a white muslin vest, an enor mous bolster cravat, a Charles -the-Second wig, and an opera hat. No burlesque was ever half so funny. He bowed tct the audience in th e most extravagant way and with a hideous grin ; he took snu ff i n the middl) of the balcony scene, and on some one asking for a pinch handed round his box to the nearest spectators. lie dragged. Juliet from the tomb a 9 if she were a sack of potatoes When, finally, ha had to die, he put down his opera hat for a pillow, and swept a place clean with a dirty silk hand kerchief. Three times did this extraordinary idiot die for the amusement of the house. This half fool, half cheat, was at last driven from the stage for pocketing money he had obtained under pretence of playing for a charitable ob ject; ho retired to Boulogne, and there married some foolish woman, who was probably duped by bis pretended wealth.—Belgravia. THE, SUN LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING.. JANUARY 15, 1868. THE EXPLORATION OF PALES 2 LYE. The following letter from Mr. George Grove, the secretary to the Palestine Exploration Fund, ap peared in the Times : Since my last communication (in the Times of December 21) I have received two reports from Lieutenant Warren, R.E., dated at Jerusalem, the 12th and 21st of December. Ile is proceeding vigorously with his researches. They divide them selves under three main heads : 1. The ancient double passage or tunnel running from the so-called " Huldah-gate," in the south wall of the Haram, below the mosque of the Aksa, up to the platform itself of the Haram. It has always been an object of anxiety to know whether this was a mere tunnel, or whether it had subsidiary passages branching from it either west or east. Mr. Warren seems to have shown that none such exist. At the northern end of the tunnel he has discovered on the east a vaulted chamber, 17ft. square, and on the west some unimportant waterducts, five feet below the present surface, and probably connected with a tank beneath. These ducts he believes to be older than the Aksa mosque. The square chamber I understand him to say is later than the mosque. The sides of the tunnel at its lower end are about 16ft. of solid masonry, very rough on its outer face. 2. In the Tyropaßon Valley, west of the south west corner of the Haram. Here galleries are being driven to discover the depth and position of the native rock of the ravine immediately below the wall, and the position of the pier which supported the western side of " Robinson's Arch." The pier seems to have been reached ; two courses of stone were in situ, and I hope shortly to receive details of its construction, and of the rock of the gully be tween it and the wall. Mr. Warren sees ground for believing that this gully will be found to sweep round eastward and descend to the " Virgin's Fount," and thus to divide Moriah from Ophel—a fact never before suspected. 3. The water supply of the ancient city.—ln this an advance has been made. Researches at great depth in the upper part of the Tyroprein seem to point to the actual existence of the brook which in the days of the monarchy " overflowed through the midst of the land," and which Hezekiah stopped or concealed when the city was besieged by Sen nacherib (2 Chronicles, xxxii. 4). This stream would appear to be still forcing its ancient way along its old channel, at the prodigious depth of more than 60ft. beneath the present surface. A mile west of the city, between it and the ancient village of Nephtoah, Mr. Warren has explored, at ;some personal risk, a remarkable cleft which descends into the earth to a depth of more than 150 ft., and which may not improbably be one of the sources of the water supply of Jerusalem. On the other hand, in the valley of the Kedron, a mile and a half south of the city, and 500 yards below the " Well of Joab," a well has been examined, apparently for the first time, which proves to contain passages, staircases, and other contrivances, which it can hardly be too much to assume will be found to be connected with the waters of the city itself. Fragmentary as are all these discoveries, they indicate an amount of ancient remains below the surface which cannot but excite the hopes and stimulate the curiosity of all concerned, and incite us to strain every nerve to lay bare such interesting relics. As 1 read Mr. Warren's accounts I seem to feel the ancient city within my grasp—to know for a certainty that its very houses and streets and water courses, andco urs it e s s, ra a v ll in tl es ie , a a n re ci l e y n i t ng blifeooried fitsliskterusocintuereesn, itsenchanted ao h t i e lls that Dean solemnsaidhisThecl i personbeneath(as which the i n eh D otheravid trod and h ic h along ab which climbed, e A d , t h t a h l e i streetsah m,was hurried, the catacomb of the kings of Judah, the which very Via Dolorosa itself, of which not even the sha- dow of a likeness can be found in upper air of the modern city—all these are doubtless there. Where ever Mr. Warren probes, let him go deep enough, and he comes on some solid substance of a curious and ancient kind. They start into view in a truly magical manner, more like the Arabian Nights than anything else. A "stone suddenly rolls away" and reveals gtairencwa, Passages, subterranean halls in the heart of the rock, leading to who knows what repoitories of treasure. An almost invisible crevice in the bill turns out to be an enchanted CAVO 150 ft. deep, concealing the " skeleton of an infant," and containing, perhaps, the hidden fountain of the water supply of Jerusalem. The work has been fairly and well begun. An explorer more daring and disinterested, more indefatigable and intelli gent than Mr. Warren seems impossible. Let us back him to the utmost. I am happy to say that the undertaking is relieved from present pecu niaary anxieties. But that is no reason for stop ping our contributions to a work the extent and importance of which are daily becoming more obvi ous. The explorations at Jerusalem may be—will be when the fine weather returns—pushed on simul taneously in more places at once, and a larger force of labourers employed. Mr. Warren seems to have gained the confidence of every one, high and low, Jew and Gentile, and to obtain what labourers he likes and what permissions he desires. And outside of Jerusalem I hope the public will not forget how much there is to do. There is the natural history of the country to perfect, and the geology to examine, the ethnology to discover. The explorers are wait ing for the signal to be off. Without diverting a sovereign from those urgent calls nearer home which this inclement season brings so closely before us—without diverting a sovereign from these, there is ample money to be obtained for the grand and interesting object for which I plead. GEORGE GROVE, lion. Sec., Palestine Exploration Fund. Lower Sydenham, Jan. 11. SECOND LETTER FROM lIISTORICUS ON NATURALIZATION. Historieus has written another letter to the Times on British citizenship. He shows that British law or citizenship is an outrageous absurdity ; and that America has no ascertained doctrine, either legal or political. The Supreme Court has managed to escape the various attempts made to obtain a recog nition of the right of expatriation in American citizens. For 70 years their judges have asked for laws on this subject, which as yet her statesmen have failed to supply. Ilistoricus says : , 4 Thus much may suffice upon the subject of the legal doctrine of expatriation in the United States. It is necessary now to consider a far more import ant subject, namely, their diplomatic doctrine. I need hardly say that the diplomatic doctrine is conversant with a totally different aspect of the question from that which is involved in its legal bearings. The law has regard to the dutiesand the rights of the citizen in respect of the State of whicl , he is a member. Diplomacy has to do with the duties and the rights of the citizen towards a foreign State in which he may happen to be resident or concerned. To speak in general .terms, the law has to do with that which his own State can claim against a subject. Diplomacy has to do with that which the Government of the subject may claim in his favour against a foreign State. Most Govern ments have thonght it necessary to observe some measure and proportion between the domestic doctrine they themselves enforce and that which they seek to enforce against others. It would be strange if a country which does not permit expa triation to its own citizens insists on enforcing such a right in regard of the citizens of other countries who had accepted its . naturalisation. Yet this, or something like, it is, in fact, what the American Government claims to do. Though there is no law of the United States by which any citizen of theirs could divest himself of his allegiance to his country, they do, in fact, claim to assert against other States a right which they have not yet admitted in their own. While their courts declare that there is no law by which any American citizen who should have ac cepted the citizenship of a foreign State can divest himself of his allegiance to his own country, the American Foreign-office demands on the part of its naturalised citizens, as against other States, that their primitive allegiance should be treated as ab solutely dissolved. This is a sort of game of " heads I win, tails you lose," in which no Govern, ment can be expected to acquiesce. Nor, indeed, has the American diplomatic doctrine been con sistent with itself at different periods. From the time Lof Mr. Wheaton, in 1840, down to the year 1859, the American Government distinctly disavowed any right to interpose in favour of naturalised citizens who had returned to the country of their origin. The language of Mr. Wheaton on this point you have already cited. It is sufficiently precise. Mr. Whea ton thus writes to a naturalised American citizen who sought his protection :—" Having returned to the country of your birth, your native domicile and national character revert, and you are bound in all respects to obey the laws exactly as if you had never emigrated." The same view of the reverter of the national character upon return to the coun try of birth was consistently adopted by succes sive American Secretaries of State—by Mr. Marcy, Mr. Webster, and Mr. Everett (vide Senate Documents, already cited). As far as I can make out, it was Secretary Cass, who, for the first time, in 1859, set up on behalf of naturalised citizens of the United States an abso lute right of expatriation as against the State of their birth. In a despatch to the Minister at Berlin he writes :—" The doctrine of perpetual allegiance is a relic of barbarism repudiated by the United States ever since the origin of our Government." [Query —When and where?] "The moment a foreigner becomes naturalised his allegiance to his native country is severed for ever. He experiences a new political birth. A broad and impassable line sepa rates him from his native country. He is no more responsible for anything he may say or do, or omit to do, than if he had been born in the United States. Should he return to his native country, he returns an American citizen, and in no other charac ter," &c. _ _ _ Mr. Seward seems to have followed the lead of Secretary Cass in this matter. I ueedly hardly say that the Governments of Europe have declined to acquiesce in this volte-face of.the American Foreign office. It may be (as I think it is) expedient that the whole of this question should be reviewed in a candid and friendly spirit, and that the principles on which a transfer of citizenship is for the future to be permitted and recognised should be regulated by international negotiation ; but it is not toler able that a Government should, in the phrase of Lord Castlereagh, " turn its back upon itself," as the American Government have done, and assert as indubitable rights claims which their most eminent jurists and statesmen have for a long series of years admitted to be unfounded. We may be willing to concede from policy more than can be demanded of us as of right, bat we shall take as the basis of negotiation the law as laid down by Mr. Wheaton, and not that improvised for the occasion by Secretary Cass. . . Attorney-General Cushing, in the opinion I have before cited, says—" It may happen that by the law of a given State a person shall be a citizen thereof and still nut a citizen of the United States. Citizenship, whether acquired by birth or naturalisation, is not a thing specifically de fined in its elements either by the Constitution or by the laws of Union." Now, I venture to think that, before extraordinary immunities are claimed for American " citizens," foreign States should be placed in possession of that which .the American Attorney-General admits himself unable to supply, —viz., a definition of what constitutes American citizenship. The following general conclusions are those at which Historicus arrives. First, the right of expa triation generally should be admitted; secondly, that right should be limited by certain conditions ; thirdly, it belongs as much to the native State to prescribe the conditions of severance as it does to the State of adopting to prescribe the conditions of naturalisation ; fourthly, it would be highly de sirable that the conditions on which one State con fers and the other severs the tie of citizenship should be regulated by special Convention, as in the case of extradition. This would be best accom plished by a general agreement ; but if this be im practicable, then it should be made the subject of separate treaties. MIXING INTELLIGENCE. NEWARK.—After four days working of this mine 5,000 ounces of crude bullion were forwarded to Belmont, Nevada, 'and were taken to the assay office of the Manhattan mill for smelting. The bullion was produced by the mill of the Centenary Com pany in the Newark district. This is considered a marvellous result, and gives promise of a rich return from the Newark district. TILE SWEETWATER MINING DISTRICT.—Recent important discovery of gold-bearing quartz lodes, in Windriver Range of the Rocky Mountains at the head of the Sweetwater River, Dakota territory, United States of America; 43 degrees N. lat. 32 W. long. from Wash in g ton ; 100 miles N.E. of Fort Bridger, 60 miles N. of Hamsforks of Green River, 30 m il es N. from the route of the Pacific Railroad.—These mines show a superiority over any new discoveries yet made, and the developments give ample evidence of their permanency. Ten thousand dollars in gold (equal to £2,000) have been extracted from the ores of the Cariza Ledge, worked in a common hand mortar. A large quan tity of immensely rich ore has been extracted from the " Miners' Delight" ledge, and from many other lodes in the same district. There is an abundant supply of wood, water, and grass, surrounding the mines. The climate is healthy. In October, 1867, there were over 400 inhabitants in the district, and a great number of persons on the road to the mines. At a meeting of the citizens of the Sweetwater Mining District, held October 23d, 1867, in South to be named Carter Pass City (name of th e settl ement near the mines), a co n u e n w tycrantcyou was nt county judge, and two associate judges , and other officers, were elected ; a city government for South Pass City was formed, city officers elected, a code of laws for the city adopted, &c., &C. Ar rangements were made for the starting of a news paper in the early spring of 1868. The shipment of bullion from Florida mine from Nov. 17, 1866, to Nov. 12, 1867, amounts to $105,563 35c. It has, in addition to large and well-arranged steam-hoisting works, about 1,000 feet lineal measure of tunnels and avenues open for future use, a steam-engine of 50-horse power, ex cellent graded roads, and all the appliances requisite for profitable mining. Although not every mine on Lander Hill will open and work itself without capital, the Florida, under the able and economic management of Major A. E. Sherman, has almost accomplished that feat, and others in all probability can be made to do as well. As at present the Valley District is exciting great interest iu Nevada as a discovery of marvellous wealth, we give the following account extracted from the Wall -street Journal of the 28th Dec. : " From Professor Widney we learn of the disco very and organisation of the district of Pleasant Valley. The mineral bearing veins of the locality were discovered a f ew mont h s s i n ce, but the district was organised only about ten days ago. The new district is situated th ree m il es eas t o f the eastern base of the White Pine range of mountains, and about 10 miles east of 'White Pine District, consequently 100 miles nearly d ue east o f A us tin. The country of the district and neighbo ur hoodi2 made up of low isolated hills of fr om 300 to 500 feet altitude, sur rounded by pretty b ut sma ll va lleys, which, with the hills, are abundantly supplied with grass, while to the west, towers the lofty White Pine range, clothed in as dense a forest as crowns the Sierra Nevada, affording timber and fuel for Pleasant Valley and the districts and country surrounding. A few springs are found, furnishing water for all needed purposes of domestic use and steam works, but no running streams exist in the immediate vici nity. The minerals, or float rock,' were first found by Mr. A. J. Leathers, who was also the discoverer of White Pine District. Last spring his camp at White Pine District was visited by a herd of hun gry Goshutes, and during a momentary absence of the proprietor, the Indians, unable to withstand the temptations of a well-prepared dinner for a party of miners, waded into pots and platters without wait ing for knives and forks, and were busily engaged, tooth and toe-nail, when the indignant and incensed cook and proprietor surprised them by returning. Impulsively he grasped a cudgel and proceeded to give Mr. Goshute a pummelling, but the gaunt forms and piteous appeals of Lo stayed the up lifted club, and with full bellies and expressions of gratitude the dusky raiders vanished, but ' The next night, name again and showed a wondrous sight.' Not the next exactly, as the poet has written, but some months afterwards, bringing with them napyas,' or pieces of quartz well filled with horn silver, and proposed to visit the locality where hea:p napyas' was to be found. Accordingly in June last Mr. Leathers followed his grateful guide to where is now Pleasant Valley, and truly found heap napyas.' A ledge was found cropping out about four feet in width, and for a length of 300 or 400 feet, showing ore throughout, and in places the ore was of extraordinary richness, containing masses of horn silver so pure and soft that a finger nail will make a bright streak upon it. The ledge was located under the name of Hidden Treasure, and the party returned, keeping for the time being their discovery a secret. Well may Mr. Leathers congratulate himself upon the successful sale of his dinner, and his slight punishment of the famished forest chieftain. Nothing has been publicly known of the district until the present. Lately it has been visited by Mr. Widney, who aided iu forming a dis trict according to the custom of miners, passed laws for its government, and elected A. J. Leathers re corder. A quantity of ore, choice, of course, was taken to the Centenary Mill at Newark; assays were made, giving from $1,600 to $2,800 per ton. Our informant tells us that a ton could be easily gathered from the croppings that would be worth over $l,OOO. The specimens brought to Austin were very choice, and would assay several thousand dollars per ton. Although the country rock is limestone, the ledges appear to be fissure veins, and are traceable by their croppings in a regular course, but no sufficient developments have been made to disclose the casings or walls of the veins. As a singular feature of the formation, corals and other marine fossils are found in the veins, and sur rounded by ore. Some scientists would deny this, and others would say that it is evidence that they are not fissure veins ; but whatever it may prove or disprove, the fact is apparent that a vast quantity of rich ore is upon the surface, and if it extends several thousand feet in depth, it may be regarded as nearly as good as if it were a true fissure vein, notwithstanding the theory of the fossils. It is un doubtedly an important district, rich in minerals, easy of access, well favoured with wood, water, and a soil luxuriantly clothed in grass, and adds ano ther to the many which are filling up the ' unex plored regions' of Eastern Nevada." It is said a letter was yesterday forwarded to the Stock Exchange from the office of the St. John del Rey Mining Company, confirming the news by the Brazil mail of a fire having destroyed the works, although Mr. Hoskin, the managing director, on the 9th instant announced that no information had been received by'the company. The shares were yesterday quoted at £4O to £45, and were even done at £39, having fallen from £57. The loss antici pated is in the stoppage of the works, more than in any outlay required to repair them. CONGRESS. SENATE. Dec. 17.—Mr. Howard, from the Committee on the Pacific Railroad, 'reported the House joint re solution, managing the time for the election of directors of the Union Pacific Railroad, with an amendment, that, after the election, in March next, the term of office of all now claiming to act as directors shall cease. The amendment was agreed to, and the bill passed. Mr. Sherman, from the Committee on Finance, reported a bill for funding the national debt, and for conversion of the notes of the United States. He proposed to call up the bill after the holidays. The committee were una nimous in their objects, although there_was a diffe rence as to details. He would move to print 5,000 extra copies of the report accompanying the bill. He also reported the House Bill to suspend further con traction of the currency, with an amendment, sus pending the power of the Secretary of the Trea sury to retire or cancel four millions a month until otherwise provided by Congress. Mr. Henderso❑ offered a resolution calling on the President for a statement of all instructions to officers of the United States in carrying out the details of the act of July Ist, 1862, to suppress rebellion, and punish treason and insurrection, the amount of moneys received from this source, the names of all persons whose property was sold, and the names of persons purchasing the same.—Adopted. A resolution was offered by Mr. Fessenden, calling on the Pre sident for a statement of the aggregate expenses of the Freedmen's Bureau and relief accorded to freedmen Juno 13, 1865, excluding the expenses of coloured soldiers. The bill exempting unmanufac tured cotton from tax was then taken up, and led to a discussion, in which Messrs. Conklin, Pome roy, Morton, Corbett, Davis and Stewart, took part with Mr. Yates and Mr. Terry. Dec. 18.—Mr. Trumbull, from the Committee on the Judiciary, asked to be discharged from further consideration of the resolutions inquiring whether West Virginia is really a State in the Union, whether the Civil Rights Bill is constitutional, and whether the 13th amendment to the Constitution was legally adopted, on the ground that these questions had already been settled. The motion to discharge the committee was agreed to. Mr. Howard called up the resolution requesting the President to transmit any correspondence between Great Britain and the United States relative to the joint occupation of the island of San Juan in Puget's Sound, by the two Governments, with copies of the agreement on the subject. In answer to Mr. Williams, who affirmed the communication had already been communicated, he said he had not seen it, and asked why Great Britain was per mitted to occupy American territory, having no right to an inch of that island. After further dis cussion the resolution was passed. On Mr. Conklin's motion to postpone until the third Mon day in February the Cotton Tax Exemption Bill, Mr. Doolittle and Mr. Wilson argued in favour of the bill, and Mr. Chandler in favour of postpone ment; and the Senate again adjourned without coming to any conclusion. Dec. 19.--The house bill amending the supple mentary reconstruction acts was received, read twice, and referred to the Judiciary Committee. Mr. Sherman presented a memorial of citizens of Cincinnati, including members of the City Council, asking the adoption of measures to secure the rights of American citizens abroad from foreign aggres sions, and also asking some explicit definition of Ame rican citizenship. Particular mention is called to the treatment of American citizens by the British authorities in connection with the late Fenian diffi culties. Mr. Conness said the President was invested with ample power in the premises, and if it were not exercised it was the neglect of the Executive. Mr. Sherman said the memorial which he had pre sented related to three different aspects of this sub ject, and it had better be referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. We could not submit to foreign Governments assuming to punish our citi zens for offences committed here, and not punish able by our laws ; but of course if American citizens went into foreign countries and committed offences within their jurisdiction they were liable to punish ment. The memorial was then referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. Mr. Morrill, of Maine, reported from the Committee on Ap propriations, the Deficiency Appropriation Bill, with amendments, appropriating for deficiency, in extra pay of clerks of Senate commit tees, pages, &c., $33,804, which was agreed to. A discussion followed, and amendments proposed by Messrs. Buckalew, Ramsay, Fesseuden, were disagreed to. An amendment of the committee appropriating $8,640 for additional messengers was agreed to ; also striking out an appropriation of $1,600 for extra clerical labour in preparing the History of United States Land Grants, and $5OO for fueling. The bill having been considered in committee of the whole was then reported to the Senate, when Mr. Ramsey renewed his amendment, that no allowance shall be made for stationery or newspapers, when it was agreed to by a vote of 21 to 20. A discussion followed on the appropria tion for newspapers of $12,500, and Mr. Ramsey's motion to strike out this item was disagreed to. Mr. Edmunds offered an amendment that no money shall be paid a .by any officer of either House for newspapers:or stationery for any member. —Adopte 1. The bill was then passed. Mr. Morton asked to take up the llouse bill suspending any further con traction of the currency. Mr. Sherman said there was no necessity for taking up this bill until after the holidays, and sent to the desk a letter addressed to him by the Secretary of the Treasury, in which the Secretary states that he will not cancel or retire any of the notes of the United States, either during this month or the month of January, and that he does not propose to resume the contraction of the currency or take any action in the matter until fully advised of the sense of Congress on the subject, without further action. The Senate then adjourned. Dec. 20th.—After some unimportant business, Mr. Sherman called up the bill exempting manu factured cotton from internal tax. A lengthy de bate ensued, continuing up to 1.30, when the Senate went into executive session, and after a few minutes spent therein adjourned, in accordance with pre vious resolution, to Monday, Jan. 6, 1868. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Dec. 17.—Mr. Van Horn introduced a bill to amend Section 11 of the Supplemental Pension Act, and Mr. Koontz, of Pennsylvania, one refer ring to the inconvenience experienced by small dis tillers in being forced to purchase expensive meters designated by the Secretary of the Treasury.—Re ferred to the Committee of Ways and Means. Mr. Thomas, of Maryland, from the Committee on Judiciary, reported a resolution authorising the Committee on Judiciary to continue its investiga tions concerning public affairs iu Maryland, and that their inquiries be continued with the same power and authority upon the subject as they had previously been given by the House. Mr. Phelps, of Maryland, moved to amend the resolution by adding, "And that the Representatives of the State of Maryland be privileged to attend at the exami nation and cross-examination of witnesses." A discussion followed, in which Mr. Phelps at great length spoke in favour of his amendment, and de fended his State and its sovereign rights, in oppo sition to the attempt by Congress to force a consti tution of its own manufacture on Maryland. Eventually the resolution was passed, as amended. Mr. Garfield, of Ohio, from the Committee on Military Affairs, reported back the bill in relation to officers of the army dismissed or cashiered by court-martial, and which prohibits the President from reappointing them except by consent of the Senate ; and it was passed by a vote of 116 yeas to 34 nays. Senate amendment to the joint resolution in relation to the change of time in the meeting of the directors of the Pacific Railroad Company was then taken up, and the amendment was agreed to. On the motion of Mr. Washburne, of Illinois, the House resolved itself into Committee of the Whole (Mr. Dawes in the chair), and Mr. Boyer, of Pennsylvania, proceeded to address the committee upon the subject of impeachment, and combated the argument of his colleague (Mr. Woodward) made the other day, that a President of the United States could be impeached for an act other than a crime or misdemeanour known to the law. Mr. Pike, of Maine. next obtained the floor, and ad dressed the House upon the subject of the taxes and the revenue. At the conclusion of his speech the committee rose. The House then adjourned. Dec. 18.—Mr. Elliot, of Massachusetts, offered a resolution directing the Secretary of State to com municate to the House all information in posses sion of the Department in relation to whaling and fishing vessels of the United States having been fired upon by Russian men-of-war while engaged in their legitimate vocation on the coast of North America.—Adopted. Mr. Kelley, of Pennsylvania, introduced a bill to amend the act establishing a uniform system of bankruptcy.—Referred to Com mittee on Judiciary. The House resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, (Mr. Dawes in the chair), when Mr. Spalding, of Ohio, spoke as to the treaty making power. He acknowledged the right of the President and Senate alone to make a treaty, but it was the duty of the House to inquire into the expediency of such treaty, and to exercise a discre tion in appropriating money to carry out the treaty. If not, the Executive and the co-ordinate Legisla tive branch trenched upon the powers of the Re presentatives, which must -be resisted. The Speaker, on the committee rising, laid the Pre sident's Message, transmitting General Hancock's order No. 1, on the table. Mr. Ashley, of Ohio, rising to a privileged question, called up the motion to reconsider the vote whereby the bill to facilitate the restoration of the late rebel States was referred to the Committee on Reconstruction. He under stood it had agreed upon a bill embracing the pro posed features. This Mr. Bingham, of Ohio, state,d was a mistake, as Mr. Ashley's bill bad been voted down in the committee. On reconsidering the vote whereby the bill was committed, Mr. Stevens moved to strike out all after the enacting clause of Mr. Ashley's bill, and to insert the bill offered by him yesterday, and the terms of which were given in the report of that day. After the bill had been read, Mr. Stevens perfected the bill by according eleven Representatives to the State of Virginia, that State having been omitted yesterday. Mr. Bingham, of Ohio, moved to amend by striking out the third section of the substitute which desig nates the number of Representatives for each State. Mr. Ingersoll gave notice that he would move to have the bill printed if the previous question was not seconded. Mr. Stevens said there was always some objection to everything he had heard of either on earth or in heaven. Here is a bill which he had supposed every member would be willing to vote for. It is one of the simplest bills in the world, and no man can possibly misunderstand it. In the first section it simply restores the majority principle in the adoption of the State Constitution ; the second section simply empowers the people of the Southern States to vote for Representatives to Congress at the same time that they vote upon the question of ratifying the Constitution ; and when the States are admitted their Representatives shall be entitled to admission in the Congress of the United States. That is the whole of the bill, except the third sec tion, which the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Bing ham) proposed to strike out. That third section has simply fixed the representation, and declared how many Representatives the States named should be entitled to until a further appor tionment shall be made. Mr. Bingham, of Ohio, ob served that the third section is clearly violative of the Constitution of the United States and of the legis lation of Congress. The power of Congress over the apportionment of members is very clearly de fined. It is to be made every ten years, and he did not recognise the right of everysucceeding Congress to change the basis of representation when once fixed. With himself that objection would be all sufficient, and he had, therefore, moved to strike out that section ; but if the House refused to strike it out, he could not vote for the bill with that clause in. Mr. Stevens said as there seemed to be much opposition, he would withdraw that part of the bill which provided for representation from the State at large. Mr. Bingham insisted that under that circumstance the third section was not at all neces sary, as the people now had a right to elect Represen tatives. Mr. Stevens then withdrew the whole section. Mr. Brookes, of New York, said he was glad the bill had aroused some opposition among Republi cans, and it was evident that they were fearful of the effect out West if they passed such a bill as this. He referred to the several Reconstruction Acts, and contended that their whole object was to enfran chise the blacks and disfranchise the whites of the South. The object was to enslave eight millions of white people by putting an inferior race to rule over them. Mr. Farnsworth, of Illinois, addressed the House in favour of the bill. Mr. Stevens replied to Mr. Brooks, and said he seemed to forget the lan guage of the Bible, which declared that the Creator made of one blood all nations of the earth. Mr. Stevens then demanded the previous question. The previous question was then seconded, and Mr. Boyer demanded the yeas and nays upon the pas sage of the bill, pending which Mr. Burr, of Illinois, moved to adjourn, and upon that question the yeas and nays were ordered, and resulted-- yeas 37, nays 102. The question upon the pas sage of the bill was then taken by yeas and nays, and it was passed by a strict party vote of 104 yeas and 37 nays. The House then at 4.30 ad journed. Dec. 19.—Mr. Bowyer, of Pennsylvania, asked leave to offer a resolution reciting the President's Message, on the order of General Hancock, the Senate concurring, that the thanks of Congress are due and tendered to General Hancock for his sup port of civil law. The Clerk was not permitted to conclude the reading of the resolution, as objec tions were made by Mr. Farnsworth, Mr. Spald ing, Mr. E. B. Washburne and others, and the re gular order of business was at once demanded and insisted upon. Mr. Hooper, of Massachusetts, re ported from the Committee on Banking and Cur rency a bill providing that national bank notes may be taxed for State purposes. Referred to Committee of the whole House. The House resolved itself into Committee of the Whole on the bill to supply deficiencies in appropriations for the execution of the Reconstruction Acts, and for the service of the Quartermaster's Department of the Government for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1868 ; Mr. Maynard, of Tennessee, in the chair. The bill was read, after which no business of importance was transacted. Dec. 20.---Mr. Price, of lowa, introduced a reso lution in relation to American citizens arrested abroul. Referred to Committee on Foreign Affairs. On the motion of Mr. Washburne, of Illinois, the House resolved itself into Committee of the Whole on the Senate amendments to the Deficiency Appro priation Bill ; Mr. Cullom, of Illinois, in the chair. The amendment striking out the appropriation for stationery for members of Congress was declared agreed to by a viva voce vote. The other amend ments of the Senate were concurred in, and jthen the question recurred upon agreeing to the whole bill, and upon a rising vote, and it appearing that the bill would not be agreed to, Mr. Washburne, of Illinois, withdrew his motion to agree, and said he would move his amendments in the House. The committee then rose, and its action was reported to the House. The question of agreeing to the Senate amendment striking out all allowance for stationery was taken by yeas and nays, and it was agreed to— yeas 54, nays 41. The amendment making appro priations for deficiencies of 112,444 in the Senate expenses, were disagreed to by a vote of 63 to 30. All the other Senate amendments were non-con curred in, and the amended bill was then agreed to as amended. At 3.43 p.m., on motion of Mr. Spalding, of Ohio, the House adjourned until Mon day, the 6th day of January, at 12 o'clock. Foreign Mail Packet List, MAILS DUE. knetralia and New Zealand, via Southampton.. —.Jan. 19 Ditto, ♦ia Marseilles l3. Ditto, via Panama ....... .......... ......... Jaa. 2d. ilrazii, %Lenoir Ayres, and Monte Video Jan. —. Ditto, by French paoket Cape Verde, by Brazil paoket J —. Cape of Good Hope. Aaoension. and St. Helena Jan. 27, China, Penang. and Singapore, via Southampton Jan. 19. Ditto, via Marseilles Falkland Islands Gibraltar. via Southampton • .. Jan. 19. Indla,via Southampton ..........Jan. 19. _ _ Ditto, via Marseil:es Malta, Ifgypt, Jan. 19. Ditto, Marseilles Jan. 22. Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via Southampton Ja n. 19. Ditto, Marseilles Feb. 19. Newfoundland ...... ....... Feb. 12 Portugal Jan. —. Ditto, by privr.le ship to Oporto . Ditto i :tto to Lisbon United States , t anada, California, &0., by British packet Ditto, by L Lited States packet Ditto ditto (New York) Ditto ditto 'lsicw York) Ditto ditto (Baltimore) Ditto, by Canadian packet Jan. 17. West Coast of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe J am 17 . West Indies and Pacific (except Mexico and Baha mas) Jan. —. Cub.' and Alexia) • • • ....Jan. 23. Bahamas, via New York Feb. 3. 'Bermuda, via Halifax Some time ago a little paper in the hands of little boys, called the Little Times, was hawked along the Strand. We all knew that Captain Mayne Reid had undertaken the difficult and adventurous task of adding another to the daily papers of London. No one was surprised when the boys ceased to call The Little Times, and all knew that the bantling was dead. It was not the fault of the English that they preferred a big Standard, Telegraph, or Star for their penny than Capt. Mayne Reid's squib, and we cannot think Capt. Reid justified in visiting on England the failure of the Little Tim's and his own bankruptcy. Insolvency is tho general end of literary men. It may be that they aro bad men of business, moregenerous or more careless than other classes. It may be that they are worse paid ; but, under any circumstances, Mayne Reid was no exception, and there is, therefore, on his part, no call for spite. Ho has returned to America, taken a house in Newport, Rhode Island, and arranged with Col. Forney to contribute articles on English palitics and parties for the Philadel phia Press. The tonour of these communications is bitter hostility to England. In his first article he endeavours to excite the animosity of the Northerners on a point on which they are peculiarly sensitive—Eng land's attitude during the war. Fearing that at any rate this might ho acceptable to the South, he meets it by stating -- " England's antagonism to the North sprang from no sympathy with the South ;" and he words it as follows:—" It Is in truth the same cause and the same struggle over again. On the one side the children of the Commonwealth, for God ; on the other the descendants of those pseudo cavaliers, for the devil—identical with the Cop perheads of your North, and the ' chivalry' of your South." We are told that Blayne Reid was born in the province of Ulster in 1818, which would make him 50 years of ago. Unless Colonel Forney has given him his cue, we cannot see the object in thus writing up enmity except pure mis chief, or what purpose can be answered by stirring up the worst feelings of both nations, except to gratify Fenian spite ; and if Captain Mayne Reid is a Fenian, he cer tainly managed to disguise his feelings pretty well while in England. The first number of the American Inventor, a monthly journal of interest to the British manufacturer, was published January 1, at 142 and 143, Cheapside, London. its editor and proprietor, Mr. Charles Pomeroy Button, aims to furnish reliable information specially ap plicable to the requirements of the manufacturer, while of interest to the general public. Each number will con tain engravings and descriptions of new and useful machi nery, of which there are abundant specimens of a very high order in the issue now before us. The American In ventor is beautifully got up, extending over 24 large pages, which better answer the purpose than a magazine form in giving ample space for the delineation of models. As the journal has chalked out an unoccupied path for itself, and one both of great utility and of much interest in Europe, we see no reason to doubt its suc cess, and it will have the effect of more widely opening the field presented on this side the Atlantic to American inventions. On no other subject does Yankee ingenuity so exercise itself, and both material circumstances and a national propensity have forced into this channel a large portion of American talent. It has been held as an axiom in the United States that a paucity of labour might be counterbalanced by the exertion of the brain, and that a citizen confers the highest benefit on his country who succeeds in releasing the largest number of hands for other employment by the introduction of a ma chine which, by a simple and inexpensive method, does the work of many men. To an incalculable extent Europe has benefited by American inventions, till inventor and American have almost become synonymous terms. Yet millions in Europe, whose food, clothing, and num berless household - requirements have been cheapened by American ingenuity, are unaware to whom the obligation is due, and many " notions" are in daily use in the United States which would vastly add to the comfort of the toil ing thousands here if they were introduced. A similar work will, we understand, be brought out in New York by a London-American house ; but the field is so large, and both science and utility are so interested in the exten sion of the knowledge of American inventions, that a strong effort only is required to make these journals highly popular throughout Eurbpe ; but more especially in Great Britain, where their value is better appreciated by the people. Births. BRENT—On the 12th inst., at Southsea, the wife of Com mander 11. W. Brent, R.N., H.M.'s ship Bellerophon, of a daughter, LuiwAN—On the 13th inst., at 24, Rutland-gate, Hyde park, London, the Lady Lurgan, of a daughter. ROWLAND —On the 12th inst., at The Cedars, Ramsbury, the wife of Fred. Rowland, Esq., of a son. Marriages. VERNEY—WILLIAMS—On the 14th inst., at St. George's, Hanover-square, Richard Hope Verney, Commander Royal Navy. eldest son of Sir H. Verney, Bart., M.P., to Margaret Maria, eldest daughter of Lady Sarah and of the late Sir John Hay Williams, Bart. WALKER—BOYLE —On the 14th inst., at St. Aloysius' Church, Somers-town, Alexander Walker, jun., Esq., o Ashfield House, Birkenhead, to Catherine Mary, third daughter of the late James Boyle, Esq., of Crowndale road, Oakley-square, N.W. Deaths. ADAMS—On the 11th inst., at The Priory, West Molesey, William Adams, Esq., late of the office of H.R.'s Works, ecc. l aged 65. °Ann, T on the 13th inst., at 265, Strand, Mr. M. Carr, . . . aged 66. GAY—On the 13th inst., at 5, Lansdown-crescent, Chelten ham, William Gay, Esq., Surveyor of the General Post office, aged 54. 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