The Sun. — London, England, 1850-12-19 00:00:00

EIV NOVEL by the _Author of MAUGA?tET MAITLAND. Nevi ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., 111 K L E B. A N D. A STORY OF SCOTTISH LIFE. lly the Author of "PASSAGES IN THE LIFE OF MRS. MARGARET MAIT LAND, OF SUNNY SIDE." Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough -street. THE .kunion OF ROCKINGHAM'S NEW NOVEL. Now ready at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., THE NEW NOVEL, LOVE and AMBITION. By • TILE AUTHOR OF " R.OOKINGILAM." " The announcement of a new w•rk of fiction by the gifted author of Rockingham' will be gratefully welcomed by every reader of that delightful novel. In Love and Ambition' we find all the character istic qualities which formerly charmed us in Rockingham,' together with other elements of interest which to many readers will perhaps be yet more attractive."—Morning Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. THE GRAND NATIONAL CONCERTS. Mr. BALFE'S Benefit on FRIDAY, Dec. 27. M. Scipio Rousselot's Lew grand Quadrille Fantastiquu, " The Crystal Palace To-morrew. THIS EVEMNG. Symphoni in C minor. Beethoven. The Caliph's March, from the new Serenata, " The Sleeper Awakened, Macfarren. The Grand Battle Overture, Lindpainter. Grand Selectioh from Halevy's opera, La Tempesta—L. Negri. Mrs. A. Newton,Molique, Arban, Sainton, Zeiss, Prospere, Re mu,:iat, Franc, Richardson, and Miss Goddard. Zvi usical Director, Composer, and Conductor—M. Balfe. Conductor of La Musique de Danse—Herr Labitzky. Promenade (admitting to the Half-Circles, " al l 1 6 and Pit Stalls) The Doors open at Half-past Seven, and the Concerts will com mence at Eight, and terminate about Eleven. Boxes and Stalls to be had at the Box-offlce, where Programmes of the performance n ay be obtained. Mr. Thomas Maste. s of the Polytechnic Institution, the Coloseum, And Royal Botanic and Zoological Gardens, will supply the Refresh ments and Wines, &c., &c. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webeter, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brampton. MR. MACREADY. THIS EVENLNG, Will be 'performed RICHELIEU. Cardinal Richelieu, Mr. Ma cready. Alter which A RADICAL CURE. To conclude with MRS. WHITE. Peter White, Mr. 11. Bedford. THEATRE I OPAL, A DELPHI. Under the direction of Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, _ _ _ Will be performed a new and original Drama, entitled JESSIE GRAY. Characters by Messrs. Hughes, Boyce, 0. Smith, P. Bed ord, Madame Celeste, and Miss K. Fitzwilliam. 2.11,:r which a new Fqrce called THE SCHOOL TOE TIGERS • or, The Shilling Plop. Captain Kitailyer, Mr. Boyce ; Major Stiff, Mr. Worrell; Mr. Panels, Mr. Wright; Alexander Panels, Miss Chaplin. To be followed by a new and original Farce, in the Vulgar Tonne, to be called JACK IN THE GREEN; or, Hints on Eti quette. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. C. Keaa and Mr. Keeley. THIS EVENING, Shakespere's flay of TWELN'TH NIGHT. After which BETSY BAKER; or, "Too Attentive by Half." Characters by Messrs. J. Vining, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, and Miss Murray. To conclude with TO PARENTS and GUARDIANS. Private Boxes, Scc., to he had of all the Booksellers, and of Mr. Massingham ; of whom also places may be taken at the Box-office, Oxford-street, from Eleven till Four o'clock. LOYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestsis. Sole Lessee, 2lr. Charles Mathews. The Theatre will be closed This Evening in cone quence of the Royal Performances at Windsor Castle. TO-MORROW Will be perf‘rmcd THE EINGDOVES. To be followed by A DAY OF RECKONING. To conclude with A PRACTICAL MAN. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. THIS EVENING, Will be performed THE HUNCHBACK. To be followed by ANTIION Y AND CLEOPATRA. I.tsa'S ROYA.. AM RETHEAT.Itr, Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal highness Prince Albert. Pronrietor and M:tnager, Mr. W. Batty. Extraordinary series of attractive nnTelties. Second week of the Revival of TURN:VS IIIDE to YORK, I►1)r; . _ The Grand new Spectacle of KENNILS: ORTII r or the Golden Days of the Virgin Queen. with new and costly costumes. Together with Batty's Splendid Scenes of the Circle, introducing the Magnificent Stud and Company of unequalled .Artistem. The whola concluding with the Equestrian Drama (fer the firs time these five years) of TUIIPIN'S RIDE to YORK. Extensive preparations are now being made for the production e a new and original Equestrian Comic rant/mime, written expressly for this Theatre, by G. H. Rodwell, Esq. Box-eflice open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. T. Thompson. HIGH WATER. Al LONDON BRIDGE, Tuts DAT —Morning 32 min. after 1 I Evening 54 main. after 1 To-Sloaaow—Morning 19 sin. after 2 I Evening 41 rain. after 2 THE WEATHER.— SuN OFFICE, DECEM2EB, 19. THERMOMETER, DI TILE SHADE. 37—highest since noon yesterday. 30—lowest this morning and during the night. 33—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, •19.49. WOID N.E.— Morning, dull, foggy weather ; Afternoon, rain and sleet. DAILY WEATHER TABLE. State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning. -The stations are arranged in order of latitude. KINGSTOWN (DUBLIN)-Wind E.S E., calm-foggy. PLYMOUTH-Wind N.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. PoRTSMOCTII-Wind gentle breeze-partially cloudy. BRIGHTON-Wind N., calm-cloudless. HASTINGS-Wind N. ',V., gentle breeze-cloudless. SOUTHAMPTON- Wind N.W., gentle breeze-foggy. FOLKESTONE-Wind W., steady breeze -overcast. TUNBRIDGE-Wind S.W., calm-Cloudless. BASINGSTOKE Wind S.W. calm-partially cloudy. BRISTOL- Wind S.E., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. READING-Wind W., gentle breeze-cloudless. GREENWICH-Wind W., gentle breeze-cloudless. SWINDON-Wind N.W., light airs-frosty. CamuniDoz -Wind W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. YARMOUTH-Wind N.W., fresh breeze-rain. HOLYHEAD-Wind S , gentle breeze-partially cloudy. LIVERPOOL-Wind S.E., calm-cloudless. MANCHESTER-Wind S.W., calm- frosty. CARLISLE-W ind N. W., gentle breeze-cloudless. BEATTOCK-Calm- cloudless. EDl:vat:max - Wind N.W., calm- partially cloudy. The returns from the following places indicate the state of the wind and weather on Tuesday morning at nine o'clock :- CORX-Wind S.W., strong breeze-cloudy. CARLOW- Wind N.E., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. MULLINGAR- Wind W., calm -principally cloudy. Poom , :-Wind W., hard wind-scud, rain. TuNiminGE-Wind S.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. COLCRESTER-Wind N.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. MANCHESTER-Wind S.W., fresh breeze-principally clear. LEEDS - Wind S.W., calm- cloudy. WHITLIIAVEN- Wind S.W., strung breeze- overcast. P^l 1,:r& 3 * 1 "4,-.. ctri'Finer' 4.. 0; 4 c b -1 4 :,.?",f7fr -14 - f 5.73 - 30 • ‘," `'t• "",c 0 ' 1 r AllpiTir--i 4 1 4;-,e--411; • ~ . ( LONDON, THURSDAY, DECEMBER 19, 1850. The result of the contest fur the representation of the county of Limerick has not reached us with any feelings of surprise. We find that Mr. WINDHAM GOOLD has been returned, as we anticipated, by a re spectable, if not a triumphant, majority over both opposing candidates. Captain Dicksors spade a gallant fight under the banners of old Toryism and Protection ; but it is quite manifest that these effete principles have become too musty for even the aristo cratic county of Limerick, while the great and im portant questien of tenant right would seem to have suffered almost a defeat in the person of MIcaAEL RYAN, of Bruree, who was, in our humble opinion, most unwisely brought to the hustings by some indis creet members of th 2 Tenant League. We, who have been th e unceas i ng a d voca t es of the equitable adjustment of the relations between the landlords and tenants of Ireland, cannot held expressing our regret that Mr. RYAN should have been urged forward under the auspices of the Tenant League upon so inauspicious an occasion. The enemies of tenant right will, deem themselves justified in arguing from the result of this election that the constituency of the county of Limerick is apathetic on this important subject. Perhaps superficial observers will go farther, and say the ma jority of the electors are orrossin to it, and in proof point to the fact that the Protectionist held a higher Place on the poll than the nominee of the Tenant League. We regret it also becauSe it has stirred up • the evil passions of an excitable people, and has engendered feelings of ill will and bitter ness against those who should be treated with kindness and respect. The conduct pursued towards One of the most amiable and i ndependent gentlem en in the county, Mr. DIONIAS FITZGERALD, , for merely exercising his right as an ele c t or to vote as his conscience dictated, was disgusting and disgrace. ful. The apostles of the T.mant League had, w e think, better resign their inisions rather than again attempt to carry their measures through the angry passions of such an infuriated mob as that from whose hands Mr. FITZGERALD had so narrowly escaped per sonal violence. The e:ection of Mr. GOOLD, however, must not be looked on as anything like a defeat cf the principles of t4iant right. The injudicious contrast in which Mr. RYAN was piaci d by his sup f, - ,l4Altifts, the popular cry that was raised in K~llis b`ehtlf; as if Mr. RYAN alone monoNlised all feelings of sympathy withthe tenant . framei4 of Limerick, mnAt not be taken as conclusive • that di4 successful canclid.de is an enemy to the just claicus , :of the tenant, or that he will not give his best 'ekerVons to bring about a full, fair, and speedy ajjust /fent of this much called for measure. Indeed, his. G t~. , 'T. TUE SUN, admirable conduct since his accession to his paternal inheritance argues quite the other way, and gives us strong hopes that the question of tenant right will have no more honest or zealous advocate in the House of Commons. Mr. GOOLD had hereditary and family claims of no ordinary kind upon the constituency of Limerick. In the days of Ireland's evil destiny, as well as at that epoch to which Irishmen look back with pride, amid the bright galaxy of her genius there was none more able, more eloquent, or more patriotic than the late Master GOOLD, the father of the present Member for the county of Limerick. He is connected with Lord DUNRAVEN, an excellent resident landlord, as well as with Mr. MOeSELL, now his colleague, one of the most active, useful, and intelligent Members sent to the British Parliament by the people of Ireland. But beyond all these Mr. GOOLD, though young, has strong personal claims to the support and respect of the men of Limerick. There could not be found a more generous or kind-hearted landlord, or one more anxious for the improvement of his tenantry. In private life be is much respected, and during his novitiate at the bar, and particularly on his own immediate circuit, he won the golden opinions of his brother barristers—no insignificant test of his worth, com prised as that circuit is of gentlemen of the very highest honour and intellect. For ourselves, we con gratulate the people of Limerick on their choice; and we feel a strong confidence neither they nor we shall be disappointed in the high hopes we entertain of Mr, GooLD's Parliamentary career, which we trust will be alike honourable to himself and serviceable to his country. It was most imprudent and injudicious in the Tenant League to make their first essay against a candidate possessing such claims as these. It was not only imprudent, but we would be disposed to say improper, under the circumstances, as their unwise contest nearly threw the representation of the county into the hands of the enemies of human progress and human liberty ; and we trust that upon future occa sions they will exercise a sounder discretion, and will pursue a course less calculated to endanger the public peace or their own good cause. It is refreshing to reflect on the issue of this elec tion—it conveys to our mind the agreeable notion that the social elements are not unhealthy, and that even in the county of the violated treaty the ties be tween landlords and tenants are still respected. This is as it should be—the interests of both are identical. We hope to see these feelings grow and strengthen, until every landlord in Ireland shall un derstand that the best and truest security for his per son and property is in the improvement and pros perity of his tenantry. The cultivation of the kindly relations and friendly feelings which should subsist betwee❑ the owners and cultivators of the soil will tend more to the regeneration of Ireland than can possibly be achieved by any Act of the Legislature. The social system must remain inse cure, permanent tranquillity can never be established till the legitimate rights of the tenant be fully recog nizA, and the landlords of Ireland become ac quainted,' with their duties, and have the honesty, !ike Mr. GOOLD, to perform them. We are at length in possession of a legal opinion as to the recent Papal aggression in these realms, an opinion formed after much careful considera tion by perhaps the most accomplished lawyer of his day, who has ever since 1829 had his attention almost unremittingly di rected to the state of the law as affecting Roman Catholics, who was the legal adviser of the late Sir ROBERT PEEL, both in power and out of power, and who, more especially during the whole of Sir ROBERT PEEL'slastMinistry, aided and advised, as Chancellor of Ireland, in all the alterations which were made from 1842 to 1846 in the laws relating to the Ro man Cathelies,--we are in possession of the deliberately formed, andas deliberately pronounced, opinion of Sir EDWARD SUGDEN, that Cardinal WISEMAN and his companions in usurpation have violated the law, that they have been guilty of a misdemeanour, for which they may be indicted, and if convicted punished. This opinion was distinctly enunciated by Sir ED• WARD SUODEN at the Surrey County Meeting, held at Epsom on Tuesday last, and the matter is one of such vast and paramount importance that we feel it is our duty to give the opinion of Sir EDWARD SUGDEN in his own words. Sir EDWARD SUGDEN thus ex plains the present state of the law on this subject:— " The first Parliament of Elizabeth passed a law to declare that no foreign prince, person, prelate, state, or potentate hath, or ought to have, any jurisdiction, power, superiority, pre-eminence, or authority, ecclesi astical or spiritual, within this realm. That was the law then, and that is the law now. But the other day, in the 9th and 10th of our present Queen—not following the example of the Relief Act—an Act of Parliament was passed which repealed certain pro visions of this statute. By one part of the Act of Elizabeth it was provided that whoever affirmed or acted upon the notion that any foreign prince, prelate, or potentate had an y power , ecclesi astical or spiritual, within the realm, was subject to the most heavy punishments. The third of these was ec tually high treason, with the penalty of death and the loss and forfeiture cf lands and goods. Now, no man could wish that to remain; it was a punishment that no man would inflict at this time of day, and it was there fere repealed by the 9th and 10th of Victoria; but the Act which repealed this declares that, though the pe nalties and punishments are repealed, it shall still not be lawful for any person to affirm or maintain that any foreign person, prince, prelate, or potentate bath, or ought to have, jurisdiction, spiritual or ecclesiastical, within the realm. Then, I assert here, and I am pre pared to do so everywhere that by the law as it stands, the Bishop of Rom e a nd his Archbishops and Cardinals have no right to assert tor maintain that they have any opiritual or ecclesiastical jurisdiction in this realm.— (Cheers ) There was another Act passed in the 13th yeer of Elizabeth to prevent bulls, letters, or instru ments to be received froth Rome for any cause whatever; 110 man was to put in use any bull, letters, or instrument from the Bishop of Rome in any case whatever— (Hear, hear)—and if he did, not only he, but those who abetted him, were to he held guilty of high treason and suffer death. Now every bedy knows that such a punishment could not be inflicted in these days, arid therefore the penalty was swept away, but the Act that svtcpt away the penalty declared, that the repeal should not go ly , yend the penalties and puniehments, and that it was still unlawful for any man in this land to put in use any bull, writing, or inatru ment of the Bishop of Reme.—(Rear, hear.) lam aware a quibble might bo raised on the construction of these Acts, as to whether such persons could be pu mbhtd or not; but Ido not care much about that. The law is clear that no one is permitted to do such things. It is equally clear that, by the repeal of the Act so far, it was intended to enable the Roman Catholic to put him • self in communication, :as he was already: in communion with the see of Rome, for it was said there was no use in ,granting to the Roman Catholics the free exercise of their religion if they could not communicate with the head of their church. Nothing could be more reasonable, and, therefore, nothing that was necessary to enable them to communicate will the head of their religion could be objected to; that being the object of the repeal. But that repeal does at the same time enact that nothing in in the Act shall au th or i ze any one to i ntro d uce or pub lish any instrument from the Bishop of Rome. That, therefore, is the law now.—(Cheers.) Now I say that law has been infringed ; and though those pains and these punishments aro no longer operative that were in flicted by the statutes of Elizabeth, yet there are punish ments that the law will inflict on those who disregard the' injunctions cf the Legislature.—(Cheers.)" Such is the opinion of confessedly the most accom plished lawyer of the day ; so that here is an end of Cardinal WISEMAN'S boast, that be has done nothing contrary to law. Indeed it would appear as if the Cardinal and his advisers had of late themselves sus pected that they had been carrying matters rather too far, for we have had recently put forth by the great Catholic bookseller, DOLMAN, divers pamphlets, some argumentative, some vituperative, some mere appeals ad niisericordiam, but all founded upon what M. EEOPOLD DURAS has so justly denominated the Catholic sophism. " 'This sophism," says M. DURAs, in the Paris National of Tuesday, " consists essentially in demanding for Catholics, in the name of equality, the liberty of preventing everybody else from being free. This is monstrous ; but it is not the filet absurdity that has made the glory of a man or the fortune of a party." This is precisely the sophism that runs through the arguments alike of the mani festo of Cardinal WISLMAN and of the speeches and writings of his supporters. Having given us tolera tion,these you are bou n d, say gentlemen, not to pre vent our doing anything and everything that may tend to the complete development of our religion, on pain of infringing on the principles of religious liberty. Not 60; the Stare is bound to secure to every religious body perfect fiesdom of action, to far as that frCedoin of action does not infringe upon the freedom of action of any other person or body ; if it d oes so infringe, then the State in defence of Equal religious , liberty is bound to interfere to prevent such develop ment. To take an example.] It,will be admitted that to study Roman Catholicism in _it3 utmost development LON DON, we must study it at Rome. Now we findthat at Rome the POPE and the College of Cardinals, of which col lege Cardinal WISEMAN is a member, have re-estab lished the Inquisition, abolished by the Roman Republic, and have absolutely prohibited the celebration of Protestant worship in Rome ; yet if Cardinal WrsEmax were to attempt to do these things here, and they are both absolutely , requisite to the perfect development of Roman Ca tholicism, no sane man would venture to contend that it would be any greater infringement of the principles of religious liberty to expel him and his inquisitors from the realm than it is an infringement of the principles of civil liberty to im prison a pickpocket or to transport a burglar. After this exposure of the " Catholic sophism," and of the manner in which Cardinal WISEMAN and his coadjutors manage these matters at Rome, it is mere blague on the part of the upholders of Cardinal WISEMAN to talk about the principles of religious liberty. We should like to hear from this Prince of the Church an exposition of the principles of religious liberty, as exemplified in the imprison ment of Dr. AcnILLI, and the prohibition of the cele bration of Protestant worship in Rome by himself and his brother Princes of the College of Cardinals. MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) NEWGATE AND MEADENNALL. The general demand ruled ,very inactive at barely stationary prices. Beef, from 2s Od to 3s 4d; Mutton, 23 4d to 3s 8d; Veal, 28 ad to 35 6d; Pork, 2s 6d to 4s per 81bs, by the carcase. MAY MAZZ.ETS. SMITHFIELD.—Meadow Hay, 218 s to 31155; Clover, 31 Os to 41 Os ; and Straw, 11 2s to 11 9s per load. Trade dull, at our quotations. C ONDEELAND. Meadow Hay, 21 8s to 3/ 17s ; Clover, 31 Os to 410 s; and Straw, 11 1$ to 11 9s per load. A moderate supply, and a steady demand. WHITECHAPEL. Meadow Hay, 21 8s to 3/ 15s; Clover, 3/ Os to 4125; and Straw, 11 is to 118 s per load. Supply good, and trade dull. MEAT MAREETS. SOUTHALL, DEC. 18.—Our market ,to-day was well supplied with each kind of fat stock, in which very little business was transacted, at barely stationary prices. Beef from 3s to 4s Od; Mutton, 3s 2d to 4s 2d; Veal, 3s to 3s 6d; Pork, 3s.to 3s 8d per 81bs, to sink the offals. ROMFORD, DEC. 18. —We have experienced an unusu ally dull trade here this morning on the following terms:—Beef from 2s 10d to 4s Qd; Mutton, 3s to 4s 2d; Veal. 2s 8d to 3s 6d; Pork, 2s 10d to 3s 8d per Sibs. Suckling Calves 18s to 235; and Quarter-old Store Pigs, 16s to 20s each. "'AMMAN, DEc. 18.—Even the primest stock, fit for Christmas consumption, was very dull, and prices were unusually low. Beef, from 3s 4d to 4s 2d; Mutton, 3s 6d to 4s 4d; Pork, 3s to 3s 6d per 81bs. ARUNDEL, DEC. 17.—Generally speaking, the trade ruled heavy, at our quotations. Beef, from 3s 4d to 4s; Mutton, 3s 6d to 43 2d; Pork, 3s 4d to 3s 8d per 81bs. CHICHESTER, DEC. 18.—Our market is heavy, at drooping prices. Beef, from 3s 2d to 4s; Mutton,;33 4d to 48 2d; Veal, 38 8d to 3s 10d; Pork, 3s 4d to 3s 6d per 81bs; Quarter. old Sure Pigs, 17s to 20s each. CORN AVERAGES. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN For the Wee:: ended Dec. 12, 1850, made up from the Returns of the Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in ENgland and Wales: per Imperial Quarter. WHEAT. I BARLEY.' OATS. I RTE. I BEANS. I PEAS. ?RICE .. I 39s 9d I 24s 3d I 17s Id I Tos ild 127 s lid 29s 51 I I DUT ES ON FOREIGN CORN. wnEAT. I BARLEY. OATS. I RYE. I BEANS. I PEAS. Is Od Is Cd is Od , I s Od is Od Is Od QUANTITIES OF GRAIN SOLI) IN TIIE PAST WEEK. Wheat, 95,612:; Barley, 101,813 ; Oats, 18,730 ; Rye, 60 ; Beaus, 6,114; Peas, 1,683 quarters. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION BETWEEN HOLY HEAD AND LIVERPOOL—The Electric Telegraphic Company are now extending the telegraph from Chester to Holyhead, and they purpose to make it available for the immediate transmission of shipping intelligence to Liverpool, by a com bined working of the old system of semaphores and the elec tric apparatus. The subject has been laid before the Liver pool Dock Company, and is under their consideration. The plan is to render the telegraph available in lieu of part of the present semaphore communication along the coast, and the following is the system proposed by Mr. Edwin Clarke, the eminent engineer: —The present semaphore station at Holy head to be connected with the electric telegraph station in that town, and the present stations at Celli Du and Point Lynas being retained, but the semaphore at the Puffin Island to be abolished. By this means signals received at Point Lynas can be transferred to Holyhead, thence by elec tric telegraph to Liverpool. Instantaneous communication between the two ports will thus be insured, and the delay consequent on the bad position of the Puffin Island sema phore altogether avoided. It is likewise proposed that the Ormeshead should be connected with the Conway station, to which it is adjacent; the semaphore stations at Llysfaen and Prestatyn to be abolished, but the one at Hilbre Island to be kept in communication with Liverpool, as hitherto. By this means signals from vessels at sea could be instanta neously transmitted to Liverpool from any of these stations. The wires would have to be carried from the Chester and Holyhead Railway to the Ormeshead and Holyhead sema phore stations. DESTRUCTIVE FIRES AT BERMONDSEY AND PECK HAM—Yesterday morning, between five and six o'clock, a fire broke out in the Rose and Crown Tavern, Salisbury lane, Bermondsey-wall, which was attended with a serious destruction of property. The premises belonged to Mr. Ladd, a licensed victualler, and owing to the inflammable character of the stock in trade the names travelled with such rapidity that the various inmates had the greatest difficulty in effect ing a safe retreat. The engines of the parish and London establishment promptly attended, but the flames by that period had seised upon every part of th e prem i ses. Pl enty o water having been obtained the engines were worked with full vigour for some hours, when the firemen at length suc ceeded in subduing the flames, but not until nearly every thing in the premises was destroyed and the building gutted. Ihe total loss it is believed will exceed 1,0001. Fortunately the owner was insured in the Monarch Fire-office.—A short time previous to the above fire taking place another one hap pened in the premises of Mr. J. Leaning, fancy bread and biscuit baker, in High-street, Peckham. The inmates having been aroused, they succeeded in making a safe retreat from the burning property. The engines of the pariah, West of England, and London Brigade quickly attended, and the fire men having set to work they got the flames extinguished, but not until considerable damage was done to the premises and their contents. The origin of either fire is unknown. The Court of Queen's Bench did not sit to-day. TEE WEEKLY CURONICLE.—At Bow-street yes terday Mr. H. Doyle and Mr. Dillon were charged by Mr. R. W. Russell, one of the proprietors of the Weekly Chronicle, with an assault, arising out of the partnership disputes of that paper. Mr. Doyle said he hoped the magistrate would postpone the hearing of the case, as a mutual friend had for some few days past been endeavouring to settle their dis putes in an amicable manner. Mr. Ballantine, with Mr. Powell, the solicitor, attended on behalf of Mr. Russell, and said they were quite willing to come to such an arrangement, but it was understood to be quite independent of this charge. Mr. Henry suggested the propriety of settling the partner ship disputes by arbitration. Mr. Ballantine said it could not be done. There were matters which he could not state in court that would prevent such an arrangement. His client was quite willing that the paper should be sold, and after the liabilities were settled, to divide the surplus money between them according to the amount of capital laid out. Mr. Henry said, if such an arrangement was made, they would be as far off as ever. The only way to settle all the disputes would be to obtain a rule of court, binding all the parties to abide by the award of the arbitrator. If there was a diffi culty about the selection of the barrister to be the arbitrator, he would mention one as a fit and proper person. Mr. Bal lantine said the magistrate's suggestion could not be adopted. It was then decided that the summonses should be adjourned until Saturday, the 23th inst. THE BISHOP or LONDON AND MR. BENNETT.—The public will be surprised to learn, after the correspondence which has passed between the Bishop of London and Mr. Bennett, and the circumstance of the two churches of the latter having been closed last Sunday, by order of the Bishop—that the Rev. Gentleman has changed his mind, and maintains that he has not resigned at all. Within the last two or three days several memorials from his congrega tions have been addressed to the Right Rev. Prelate, en treating him to compromise the matter, they assuring him that Mr. Bennett will abandon whatever ceremonies in the service of his churches the Bishop may disapprove of. Up to the latest hour at which intelligence has reached us of the state of matters, the Right Rev. Prelate is described as being firm. Though there may be, we understand, a doubt whether any of Mr. Bennett's letters can be construed into a legal resignation, yet, we are assured, that the Bishop can now, after the length to which matters have gone, have no difficulty in getting summarily and entirely rid of his Ro- manising " friend." In the present stage of the business, it appears he cannot appoint any person as successor to Mr. Bennett in either of his two churches.—Norning Advertiser. Improbability and impossibility are two frightful words to weak minds ; but, by diligent and wise men, they are generally found to be only the excuses of idleness and ignorance. Eliza Cook's Journal. THE RECTORSHIP OF GLASGOW USIVERSITT.- We are happy to be able to announce through the following letter, received yesterday morning, that Colonel Mure has resolved to give his casting -vote to Mr. She r iff Ali son , as Lord Rector of the University. We understand that Princi pal Blacfarlan received yesterday a similar official letter, which, however, cannot be published until it shall have been laid before the Faculty. We may state, with reference to one part of Colonel illure's letter, that there is no statute which determines when the installation must take place. The following is a copy of the Colonel's letter : " Pisa, Dec 6, 1850. "Sir—l beg to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 28th November, announcing to me that Mr. Macaulay had declined availing himself of his privilege of the casting vote, on occasion of the equality of Nations in the late elec tion of a Lord Rector, and that the exercise of that privilege devolves, by consequence, on me, as the Lora Rector imme diately preceding Mr. Macaulay. "By the same post I received an official communication, to the same effect, from Principal Macfarlan. "In reply to my Very Reverend Friend, I stated that it was my intention to be in Scotland in the course of the month of February ; and that unless disqualified, as I was not led to suppose would be the case, by this unavoidable delay for the exercise of my ex-Rectoral functions, I should consider it my duty, at the proper time and place, to confirm by my decision that of the majority of members of the aca demical body in favour of Mr. Alison. "I have the honour to be your very faithful servant, " WILLIAM MIME. "James E. Cumming, Esq., &c., &c., Glasgow College."— Glasgow Consti:ution7l. METEOII.—A brilliant meteor was seen from Wa terloo-bridge this inorning, about half-past one o'clock, pass .pg in a north-easterly direction. RESIGNATION OF THE LORD-LIEUTENANT OF C.II4NAIWONSIIIRE. —The Right Hon. Lord Willoughby d'Eresby has resigned the Lord-Lieutenancy of the county of Carnarvon. His Lordship has written a letter, addressed to the magistrates of that county, stating his reasons for theim portant step which he has taken. It appears that ill-health has prevented his Lordship residing at Uwydir, the family seat in Carnarvon s hi re , an d t h at hi s Lordship has found it impossible to transact the business in a manner satisfactory to himself, THURSDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 1 95 1850 THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris journals of yesterday. The Bill to modify the mortgage law, by restrain ing the power of foreclosure at present possessed by the mortgagee, has been rejected by the Assembly by a majority of 414 to 255. Same mirth was produced during the discussion of a Bill for the appointment of colonial bishops and their payment by the State by the speech of M. DQUIROS in opposition to the Bill; it was as follows : " N. R,quiros must oppose the Bill; it appeared to him to he a new step towards the union of church and state. He looked on it as dangerous to unite the church to the state, and he found that opinion very strongly expressed in an article published in a journal in 1831, in which the writer protested against the bastard Ca tholicism originating in the religion of kings,' and con c!uded with the emphatic declaration that' the impure alliance of the state and of the Catholic Church was for ever broken.'--(Agitation on,the Right.) The author of that article wai M. de Montalembert, a heas editor with the Abbe Lamennais of the Avenir.—(' Ab, ale,' on the Left, and laughter on the same side.) M. de Mcntalem bert was then attacking the Emperor of Russia, whom he celled a barbarian, being at the same time despot and pontiff. Yet it aas strange to find M. de Montalembert now professing the very opinions which be then anathe matised. M. de blontalembert at that time seemed to desire to see the items relating to public worship alto gether removed from the expenses falling to the share of the state. He (M. Esquires) did not go as far as that Hon. Gentleman, forage budget cf public worship was sanctioned by the Constitution, and progress ought not to be rejected, if made within a legal limit.—(Laughter.)" The Siècle has the following on the gold panic : " The legal relation of gold to silver is as 15/ to 1. Suppose that this relation should so change as that for 19f. might be purchased 10 grammes of gold (the weight of the Napoleon), the speculator would then bring his 10 grammes to the mitt, fcr which he would receive a legal value of 20f., making 5 per cent. profit. Now, one or other of two things would arrive—either gold wculd remain at the low price, and then the holder would pay in gctd, as would be his legal right, at the nominal value—or the panic would dissipate, and then he would sell his gold at a small premium, which would have to be added to the profit already made. This kind of thing could not lazt long, because the law should interfere, and because, in truth, we have ten times less gold than silver, for while of the latter we possess three milliards, there are only 300 millions of gold in circulation. That which we have to avoid is erroneous notions on the sub ject, which might, without any just foundation, lead to serious inconvenience." There is a movement in the Legitimatist camp. The Count of CILtMBORD has written to M. BERILYER desiring him to acquaint the Lvgitimatists that it is the desire of their Sovereign that they should oppose the proposition for increasing the allowance of the PRESIDENT. Another copy of this letter was for warded to General ST. PRIEST, at which M. BER RYER was greatly offended, as it was calculated to create an idea that the Count DE CH-AMBORD had no onger implicit trust in him. The old Comite, ap pointed by the celebrated BARTHELEMY circular, has been broken up, and the following have been ap pointed members of the Legitimatist Cabinet in their place :—M. Berryer, the Duke de Noailles, ex-peer of France, the Viscount de Falloux, M. Benoist d'Azy, M. de Vatimesnil, General de St. Priest, and M. Sauvaira St. Barthelemy; representatives of the people ; the Duke de Clermont Tonnerre, ex-minister; the Duke de Valmy, ex-deputy ; the Count de Rain e ville, ex• deputy ; the Marquis de Pesti:ll . o, and the Duke des Cars. Count MOLE has at length succeeded in organising his club of " Waiters upon PROVIDENCE ;" it numbers 60 members, and meets in the Rue du Bac. The Committee of the Assembly has resolved to re port against the proposition authorising the Councils- General of Departments to assemble on the convoca tion of the Prefect in the event of a revolution break ingout in the capital. The Ministers were opposed to the measure. The Bourse wes nimated, and public secu rities, particularly railroad s h ares , rose consi derably. The Five per Cents. opened at 95f. 20e., rose to 95f. 40c., and clused at 95f. 35c. • the Three per Cents. closed a t 57f . 6 03. ; drleans Railroad Shares, 8421. 50c.; Rouen, 6551.; Havre, 2611. 25c. ; Great Northern, 478 f. 75c. ; Avignon, 1931. 75e.; Vierzon, 415 f.; Basle, 1351. ; Bor &Au x, 391 f. 25c.; Paris and Strasburg, 3751.50 c.; Tours and Nantes, 248 f. 75c. ; the New Piedmon tese Loan, 85f. 10c. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DEC. 18. Boulogne and Amiens, 83 4—Luxembourg, 21 —Namur and Liege, B%—Northern of France, 15—Orleans and Bor deaux. 2 , 4 Paris and Rouen, 26 —Paris and Strasbourg, 9% —Roue* and Havre, 10 %—Sambre and Meuse, 33i — Tours and Nantes, 4%. GERMAN Y. Accounts from Berlin of the 16th state that the Landwehr bad been dismissed without any disturbance of tranquillity, save at one point in the Duchy of Posen, where there had been a riot, which had been speedily repressed. General PLUCKER has consented to act as Prussian Commissioner in Hesse, and he and Count LEININGEN, the Austrian Commissioner, are now at Cassel. A letter from :Munich, of the 10th, states that M. DE PFORDTEN, President of the Council of Miniaters, will himself attend the Conferences of Dresden. An.. other later states that the reduction the Government proposes to effect in the army will at first be confined to the first division; and that it will depend on events whether the second, which is now in Electoral Hesse, will also be reduced. A telegraphic dispatch from Vienna of the 13th, in the New Gazette of Prussia, states, in contradiction to previous accounts, that Marshal RADETZKY will certainly return to Italy. The Gazette of the Empire of Austria, of Vienna, says in its number of the 12th—" It is said that the secondary states are dissatisfied, because their impor tance was lessened in the Conferences at Ohnutz ; but we are convinced they are wrong. These states can only have one single object, the maintenance of their independence ; and the less they are disposed to act on events, the more certain they will be to obtain it. The accord of the two great powers protects them ; the victory of either might have interrupted the equilibrium. Everybody asks what is to be done at Dresden. In our opinion, the best thing would be to discuss the articles of the federal compact one after the other. In spite cf the hasty attacks of which the fundamental compact has been the object, it is worth more than any legislative or diplomatic scheme." The Duke DE BORDEAUX left Vienna on the 10th for Venice. MUNCHASEN, the head of the Hanoverian Cabinet, has been appointed Hanoverian Plenipotentiary at Dresden. SW ITZERLAND. The National Council of Switzerland has for se veral days been occupied in discussing a new electoral law, which enacts, among other things, that the con federation shall be divided into 49 electoral districts or colleges, and that the number of deputies shall be 120. The Council of States on the 14th adopted, on the proposition of a committee, by 24 votes to 16, a resolution inviting the Federal Council to renew the negotiations for putting an end to the military capitu lations with the Crown of Naples, as also with inte rested cantons; subject, however, to the condition that circumstances appear sufficiently favourable to lead to a satisfactory conclusion : and another resolution was also adopted, declaring that the decree of the 20th June, 1849, for the provisional suspension of enrol ments, shall not be carried out. Do. South South. THE SHARE MARKETS, BRITISH RAILWAYS Railways. td. 1 Nominal Prices. .Iberdeen • . Do. Preference • • 8 Ambergate, Nottingham, Boston, & E. Juncion Ayrshire and Galloway.. Belfast and County Down 3 ! Berks and Hants Eaten. (Great ) , N extern Per petual 5 per cent.) .. Birmingham and Oxford Junction, calls duly paid, or with a guar... 21 Do. without a guar... 21 Binning., Wolverhamp ton, and Dudley, calls , duly paid, or with a, guarantee • • • • • • 1; Do. without a guar. ij ' Bixning., Woiverkamp. and Stour Valley ••13 1, Birkenhead, Lancas., and Cheshire Junction 2 1 Bristol and Exeter.. • • 101 Buckinghamshire • • Caledonian .• • • 5 1 Do. 101. Preference Do. Clydesdale June... 5 1 Chester and Holyhead 51 Do. Preference .. 1, Clarence .. • • • • •• 7g I Do. Ist Class, 6 per ct.ll Do. 2d de., 5 per cent. 1 , Do. Gov. Loan,4 pr. ct. 1 1 Direct Lond. and Portsm. Dublin and Belfast Junct 4 Dundalk and Enniskillen 3 4 East Anglian (251. L. & E. and L. & D.) •• .. 21 Do, (181. E. & II.) .. li Do. (31. 10s.) 6 per cent. Preference .. Do. (51.) 7 pr. ct. Pref. Do. (71.175.) 7 p.c.Pref. Eastern Counties Do. Exten., 6 percent. No. 1 • • •• ••6 1: Do. No. 2 .. 6 Do .New Preference, • 6 per cent. .. . • •11 Do. North. and East. 6 per cent. • • 51 Do. do. 5 per cent .. 5 1 Do. do., New • • • • 4; Eastern Union, class A, late E. U. shares • • Do. do. do. .. Do. do., 14 & C shares 2. Do. do., scrip, guaran. 6 per cent. • • • • 21 East Lancashire Do. New quarters .. Do. 6 per cent. pref. quarter shares.. .• East Lincolnshire, gua. 6 percent • • • • • 2; Edinburgh and Glasgow 51 Edin., Perth, and Dundee 2; Do. Newport .. • • I; Exeter, Yeovil, & Dorch. Exeter and Exmouth .. Glasgow and South-West, 51 Do. pref. consolidated, Do. do. G. D. &C. stock 8 Gloucester & Dean Forest ji Great Northern • • • • 21 Do. halves, A, deferred u Do. halves, B, 6 per ct. 1! Do. 5 per cent. pref. .. 1 1 Great Southern and Western, Ireland .. 51 Do. eighths Great North of England . 101 Do. new 401. .. • • 41 Do. new 30/. .. 3 1 Do. new 151. . .. 1; Great Western 10 1 Do. New, 171. .. • • i; Hull and Selby .. Do. half shares • • • • 21 Do. quarter shares .. Lancaster and Carlisle .. 51 Do. thirds • . • • •. i 1 1 Lancaster and Preston .. Lancitalire and Yorkshire 10 Do. quarter shares .. 2 Do. fifths . Do. F. 201. Do. new, guaranteed 6 per cent. ..• 100 Do. Rudders. & Sheff. 50 .. Do. West Riding Union 11u 6 Leeds and Bradford .• 50 95 Leeds and 'Thirsk • • 50 14 Do. pref. 6 p ct., No. 1 9 33% Do. pref. 6 p ct., No. 2 17 33( - Do. pref. 6 p ct., No. 3 5 i% • Do. pref. qrs., 1848 .. 10 Liverpool, Crosby, and Southport .. • - 1 London and Blackwall • • 11 London, Brighton," and South Coast .. • • 10 Do. guarteed. 5 per ct., late Croythn thirds • • Do. preference, 5 p et Do. preference, cony. 5 per cent., 1852 . • bi Do. new guaranteed, 6 per cent. .. • • • • 101 London and Greenwich . 12 1, Do. preference .. • • 21 London and N.-Western 10 , Do. do. new quarters . I Do. fifths .. • • 1 Do. 101. sh:, M. & B (c) London and S.-Western . 11 11% to 11 1 4 it % dls. 6% 5% —5% dls. 6 I h-1 p. !CI 29 -30 :0 27 -28 58- 9 P 57- 8 P 4 0 I 10% -11% )0 75 —76 I% 1730 —lB io 10% 10% 0 53y PO 10 16% - 17 1354 - 14 6 81 .. 5U 1 .. 15 23 .. —2l Cs, 3x, -3% 2% -2% 5 1 -1 % 10 6 -64 3 4 34 P 3 4 dis. 10% —ll34xd. i 0 56 -58 ,0 55 -57 l 3 5 - 7 p 15 I 6 -7 4 -4% T IpN isx • 12g - 13 % 254 -23 i 614 1 - -.. 15 31 -32 41 22 -30 15 7 -7% 5 2% 1 0 15i - 2 % - 34 6 SI .. -.: 16 .. -.. 15 174 - 17% 12% 11 6% - 114% 12% 12% - 12% )0 40 -42 p. )0 242 - 245 77 —7B 4 —3% dIS. r 0 99 101 5 493( 50% 42% 22 —23 50 69 —7l 13 41 6 l'7 126 - 7 .p. -27 p 10 157 —5B 3% 11 10% dis. 14 dis. 6 1 dis. 5% dis 2% dis, 3 die. % dis. % P 6 3' l 7 - 7U 8634 -873 j 9 I 10% —ll% i 0 b 7 —6O i 0 157 -60 137 —139 5 4 1134 12 0 2334 2434 0 126 —127 7 4 —434 p. 2 4% — 53 a 1 234 —ly e p. 0 763 2 —7734 2 34 12 —ll as. 4 I 9;4 —834 db. 25 5 2U, 234 p. Do. new 501. Do. new 401. .. Do. new preference Londonderry & Coleralne' Do. half shares .. Lowestoft, guar. 4 per ct. Do. do. 6 per cent. .. Londonderry and Ennis- Mien. .. • • Do. half shares • • .. Manchester, Buxton, and Matlock .. Manchester, Sheffield, & Lincolnshire .. De. quarters, No. 1 • • Do. new,lo/ preference 1 Do. Manchester and Lincoln Union • • 4 idland • • • • • • ICI Do. consolidated pref. 101 Do. 501. shares • • • • 3: Do. Birmflig & Derby 101 Do. Consol. Bristol & Birming., 6 per cent. 101 Do. Bristol & Glouces. 41 Do. do. d0...2911 Do. Erewash Val. pref. 51 Do. Leic. & Swanning. 8 per cent. guar. • • 101 Midland at. West. (Ire.) 4' Middlesbro' and Itedcar, 6 per cent. guar. .. 51 Newcastle and Carlisle.. 101 Do. quarter shares .. N ewmarket 2: Do. extension scrip • • 2 1: Newport, Abergavenny, and Hereford .. Newry & Enniskillen .. Newry, NV arrenpoint, & Rostrevor Norfolk .. Do. New 20/. • shares , o. Extension .. •• -- •• 12 -14 5U I 4 —3% dis. DO 2634 - 2734 25 j u -12 [0 10% -11 Do. guar. 5% per cent. Do. Waveney Valley.. Northern Counties Union North British.. .. .. Do. Preference • . .. North Staffordshire .. North-Western .. Oxford, Worcester and Wolverhampton.. .. Preston and Wyre Do. Halves (A) • . Reading, Guildford, and lZeigate.. • • -. Royston and Hitehin Do. Shepreth Exten... Scottish Central Scottish Midland .. Do. new . Shrewsbury & Binning. Clab 3A . • • • • • • . Do. Class 8.. .. De. New Guarantee.. Shrewsbury & Hereford hiewsbury and Chester (Nor. W. Do. Halves Do. Osvvestry Do. New.. Do. 8 per cent. Pref. . Shropshire Union .. South Devon .. Preference .. Staffordshire -Eastern .. Do. do. 4)4 per cent... South Wales.. .. South Yorksh. and River Dun Shell., Roth., and Goole, N. Div., guar. 5 p cent. Do. do. South Div. .. Swansea & Loughor, &c. raw Vale Extension .. flames Haven Dock and Railway .. Vale of Neath Waterford and Kilkenny, Waterford and Limerick Waterford, Wex., Wick., and Dublin Wear Valley, 6 per cent. guaranteed .. Do. do. Do. do. West i.torriwall Whitehaven and Furness Windsor, Staines, and S. Western .. Wilts, Somerset, & Wey mouth • . York, Newcastle, & Ber wick .. Ditto and Newcastle Extension .. Ditto G.N.E. purchase do. . do. .. or preference .. Do. .. Do. Hartlepool Dockl and Railway .. .. 10 York and North Midland 5i Do. Preference .. 01 3% —2% die, 147 —4B 20 —193 di s. 24 —26 10 1129 - 131 ,6 0 1 .: _ : 17% 1 .. -.. 3 -3% 5 !3 2 0 _ • • 10 21 —23 5 15 —l4 Ws. 10 15% 16% 5 4% —4yi 9 —934 4X 5 :34 BU, 8 di3., iO 194 - 19% t 5 42 -43 10% 7% - 8 p. [8 1874 - 191'8 6M - 15 13% -14 F. 15 - :2% - 5 31 Gs 6 ale. 12 3 5% 5 dls. 8 9y 10 20 11 —l3 10 5% 6 20 8% 934 1 14 - 1 dis. 10 13% 14 6% 3% 3 dim. 50 15 —l6 25 11 —l3 1 % 316 3 dis: 22% 23 50 23% - 24 I 5 13% —2% dis. [0 9% 9 7 dis.l [7% .. -.. 13 3 -3% 4 - 5 - IS 9 -21 17% y .. % 8 -8% 41% - 44% 15 4 18% -19 10 I Fl 4 6 dli. 9 3% —3% die. [7 IS% 1634 5 3% 4 )O 123% —24 10 1% INi as. 'OREION. 13 41 2 —2% to iili 9 16 -16( 4% —43 dls.x.cl l % Ofi Pm. % - 34 pm. % - 5i Pm. 1 -N 2 -2% BN, - 15 -- 1 834 5 1 4 43( 4 die.' 34 —3g 2N —261 i 5 % —5% dlB, 10% 10% 3% —3% 0 % —1 0 -d Ls. xd 20 1.. -.. 8% I 1% -1% STOCK BANKS. 10 28 - 30% 10 424 - 43 !O 25 - 25% 8 18% - 18% ,k 0 27% - 27% :24 17% —is 5 42 43% 0 15% 15% 5 34% 35% 236 12% 12% 40 •• . Business d one to-day. 11% 1014 % 3i die. 10% 34 6 % U H % 17 % % h G% % 11% 12% 77% 78 11 100% 6934 70 P 58% 58 U 1263( 34 126 21 17 78 76% 7734 10% % 3 dia. 48 48M 48 15434 9 % J 9 % 5 9 34 % [19% 20 20% )97, 20 .9 19% 6 5% dig. 6 4 4% dia. 23 23 19 18% 94 9% 94 1 % 2% %A 15% 3 2% ioK n 3%% 5 x.d MINES. — Tlie efforts made recently to throw open the Mining Share Market have not yet borne any other fruit than that certain parties have commenced the holding of public weekly sales of that class of transferable pro perty, the first auction having taken place yesterday. Whether this innovation will find much favour with the brokers er agents time must determine, but the public will at least Lave the opportunity of judging for them selves what is en approximate price for mines, whereas now all is uncertainty and annoyance. The infancy of these experiments is seldom very promising, but is stated that the ra al sales effected amounted to over 4,0001. In the Amsterdam market, on the 17th instant, the Home and Foreign Funds were all in brisk request. Dutch Two -and-a-Half per Cents. were 56 11-16 at Frankfort on the 16th inst. Austrian Metallics were 741- 4, and Spanish Three per Cents. 33/ to 1. The Funds are rather firmer, as the political news from Germany indicates an improving condition of po litical affairs. Consols are 96-i to 97, but with very little doin g, New Three-and-a-Quarter per Cents. 9 8i to 9 971-. Batik Stock has risen to 213 k and 214. Exchequet.-hills are 67a. premium. The; Fer, ign Securities are fluctuating. Mexican have bt en (loan to 351 for Money, and are 35/ to 36 for Account. Spanish Five per Cents. are 18-a to 19, and the Three per Cents. 40k, which are rather fuller rates. Peruvian have been quoted 811 to 821. Dutch Two. and-a-Ilalf per Cents. have been marked at 581 to 59. Railway Shares aro still rather in favour of buyers. The lest week's railway receipts ascertained up to this day, are in round figures as under:? North-Western lB5O. 1849. £41,484 ~. £40.024 South-Wolter. 8,395 .., 8,115 . Midland ..‘ 20,389 South-East ern ... 8,300 North Stafford 4,514 3,633 Caledonian ' QUARTER TO THREE. Consols __ --- ••• Ditto Account ... ... ... 96i 97 ex d. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. (From the Official List.) Bank Stock 213% 214 3 per Cent.lteduced AlltillitieP...... 9 7 1 41 New 3% per Cent. Anns. 98% 99 1 Long Annuitie:N. Exp. Jan. sth, 1860 73 1 7 13-16 India Bondsunderl,ooo/..... ........... lt 87 p (lonsols for Account ... 96% 97 ID mchequer Billy. 114 d 2d. March June. 1,000/. .. — 67 p PRICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK. Chilian Bonds, 6per Cent ........ . .. 104 Grenada, 1% per Cent. Ili x ican Bonds, 1846,5 per Cent., Coupons Ditto Ex Jan. Coupons ..... Ditto Account . ...... .... Peruvian Bonds, 4% per Cent — Ditto for the Account Ditto Deferred Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent — Ditto'4 ner Cent. Ditto for the Account .... Russian Bonds, 1622, 5 per Cent 10914 3 4 Ditto 4 1 per Cent 97%% Spanish Bonds, 5 per Cent l9 Ditto Account Spanish Bonds. 3 per Cent,l840 Dividends on the above payable in London. Belgian 41, per Cent. .. Mitch 2% per Cent., 12 Guild LLOYD'S SHIPPIN G.—( THIS DAY.) LONDON, DEC. 19.—Wind at soon W., light breeze and fine weather. DEAL, DEC. 18.—Wind N.W. to W.S. W . ; P.M. S.S.W.—Arrd. Jessica, St. Dvmingo; Cheapside, Nevv York. Arrd. from the River Challenger, Sydney, New South Wales; David Clark, Bombay; Pekin, Columbia River; Penelope, Tobago; Hopewell, Jamaica; Castl e , Lachton, ditto; Jamaica, ditto. Sid. the outwardbound. 8.30 P M.—Several of the outward bound are putting back. LIVERPOOL, DEC. 18.—Wind S.E.—Arrd. Alice Gill, Montreal; Maria, Savanilla; Cromwell, Now Orleans; President, ditto; Isabella, Stewart, St. And rew ' s; Clyde, St. John's, New Brunswick; Ailsa, Wallace, Nova Scotia; Lord George Bontinck, Montreal; Hornet, Prince Edward's Island. Sld. Tread, Bomba y; Conrad, Li ma; Larne, Fingal, and Emilia, Valparaiso; Mary Queen of Cox (qy. Mary Queen of Scots), Buenos Ayres; , Bahia ; C arlton, Pernambuco; Wil liam Petle, ditt e o; Thor n I•abel and Plicnix, Atigua; The Duke, Mobile;.. saac,, vvi.bb , New Yoll;'Saiony, Bo s t on . Put back, Andrew COlville, Valparaiso; Ante, Eichibucto. SKIBNI:.REEN, DEC. 18.—The Mountainetir, of :Xalver-' pool,.Quebee tp. Newport, has been .run on the mini on D iu - manta Bay, to Prevent her going on.the reckd. ' • LIMERICK, DEC. 18.— A contiderable number of oak logs are being picked up on the west coast. of Shetland, and a chest containing clothes, in whirls was a letter written irt German relating to the Protcus, Captain Mi chaelcs; with the name of Muller, from Stolzenbus g. The vessel is stated to have left in April, was at Sunderland, and left there for `New York. CLYDE, DEC. 17.—Wind N.W.—Arrd. Mary Ann, Paid. Nominal Prices. Business done to-day. --- Anglo-Mexlcan(is. 5/. p.) 100 .. —• . Asturian .............. 15 .. Australian ............ 4 3 334 Barossa Range .. ..... 113 0 3% —3% Blaenarvon Iron and Coal 50 .. —.. Bolanos Scrip .......... —... _ .. British Iron.. •• .. ..... . 13 5 .. _ .. Braailian Imp. (is. Si. p.) 24% _.. Do. Cocaes and Culaba 30 3% 3 Do. St. John del Rey.. 15 14 1 Cobre Copper ...... .• • 40 32% % 2.3 6% 14% % Coplapo ............ .. _ 5% General.. • ... •• .... • • 20 15% 137‘, Real Del Monte, Unreg. % Do. Black Debentures. .. _7. Do. Red Debentures .. .. .., Santiago de Cuba ...... 10 9 —7% Tin Croft .. • ......• • • 7 10% 11 United Mexican.-- ••28 2 8% 634 6 5% MISCELLANEOUS. Canada ..... 32% 42% —44 Gen. Steam Navigation . 14 26% —27 Peuin. & Oriental Steam.. 50 89% 89% 89 89% Royal iNi ail Steam ...... 60 .70 —74 74 [We cannot be answerable for the errors of the Official Lists, an will not be influenced by interested correspondents.] MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were 15,000 bales, of which 500 were taken for export and 5,000 on speculation. The market closed with an upward ten dency, and American advanced id. to id., Surat id., and Brasil and Egyptian id. to id.--Railway Shares were quiet, and prices bad a downward tendency. Some short time back we staetd that it was the re ported intention of Government to propose some alter ation of the Coffee duties, with a view to check the ex cessive adulteration that is practiced, and this statement is now receiving confirmation to eome extent by the ru mours that are circuiating in Mincing-lane. Messrs. Franks and Millard write as followa: " We know that the Chancellor of the Exchequer con templates very soon making an alteration in the roffee dutns; what it will be we are not acquainted with, but this we are certain of, that he is quite aware that the consumption of coffee is falling off very considerably, partly in consequence of chicory being extenstvely mixed with it, and partly in consequence of the deterio retie n in the quality of the article. " It is a well-known fact that every succeeding impor tation of the better marks, such as the AG, RR M I M, :MP, MP, SS, and others, are now very little su peri,,or to middling coffees. This is very much to be deplored, and we fear that unless the Government im mediately make some alteration the consumption of coffee will continue to decrease. "In travelling on the continent we have been much struck with the superior quality of the coffee we drank. But on inspection we found the growth very superior to ours. It was of closer make and much riper than our coffee; and why are we prevented from using the best coffees the world produces ? The answer is, that one pays a duty of 4d. the other 6d. Then we say, away with this ridiculous distinction, and equalise the duties at once; we shall then have the strong and fine flavoured Costa Rica and Laguayra, the delicious flavoured Mar tinique, Mocha, Company's Java, Cuba, and Porto Rico; and. for the inferior coffees, Singapore Java, Rio, those from our own plantations, and other places too numerous to niention. This would immediately give the public a taste) for good coffee; the consumption would increase at the least one-fourth, and all our inferior sorts, such as native Ceylons, would have to find another market; or it would compel the planters of good ordinary Ceylons to produce better quality. A good and wholsesome coffee could then be sold at a reasonable price, for lake the eves age of prices all over the world fer the last ten years, we find it to be about 40s. to 50s. per cwt. " The plan we propose to the Governent is to equalise the duties on all kinds of coffee at once, and iu 1852 reelect) the duty to 2d. per lb. This plan, if taken up witht energy, we have no doubt would be adopted. The Government pay more attention to disinterested persons, and therefore we should advise that a petition should lay on every groeer's counter in the United Kingdom and Ireland, for one mouth, to be signed by the con• meters of coffee. Then let these petitions be handed to the county Members for presentation to Parliament. At the sametime let a deputation, consisting of the prin clots), grocers in the country, wait on the Chancellor of the :Exchequer. "Let this be done, and we have no doubt, from what we :have beard, that the Government would accede to so reasonable a proposition; and let but the press advocate for the millions in favour of this important change, and all will be granted." The comparative value of Foreign Securities is of con siderable importance to parties making investments, and a professional gentleman who has made calculations on the subject arrives at interesting results in reference to Mexican and Spanish Bonds. Making some allowance for absence of dots, there being no means of ascertaining what will be the market average price a Mexican Stock hereaftir, whereas Spanish Three per Cent. Bonds indi cate eight per cent. as the return in interest which buyers expect to cover risk, and taking into account, likewise, that the Mexican overnment may give more than three per cent. in perpetuity, we have results that should do more to shame the Spanish Government into an equitable compromise than any form of words. Facts and figures are stubborn and suggestive. The cost of Spat ish Active 100/. Bonds, to holders at par, with 20 overdue Coupons, and five per cent, interest thereon, is nearly 1641; while that of Mexican, with seven overdue Coupons, is not above 1191. In satisfaction of the arrears, the very best terms proposed by Spain are equal to Stock that would sell for about 101. 155., while Mexico gives ill. in cash. Taking into further consi deration the fact that specie duties are assigned by the latter, and that no preference is given to home creditors, we think that the calculations of J. A. F. establish the superiority for Mexican Stock, taking the entire deb against the whole of the Spanish liabilities. ITALY. Letters from Rome, of the 10th inst., state that the whole of the neighbourhood cf Rome is in a disturbed state. The band of the noted brigand, IL PASSA.TORE, still infests the road of the Romagna and the chaiu of the Appenines, adjoining Tuscany. The villages, and even the small towns, are besieged and laid under contribu tion by these audacious bandits, who set all the forces sent against them at defiance. Tne environs of Rome are not even exempt from similar alarms. Four or five small bands have been formed, and from time to time stop and rob passengers. La,t week Major ALAI, of the gendarmerie, who was in a carriage with some other passengers, was completely stripped in the neighbourhood of Monte Rosa. At Viterbe, a medical man, well known for his opinions in favour of the POPE, was killed by a musket-shot at the moment he was entering his house. The POPE has prohibited the American residents in Rome from celebrating Protestant worship. A letter from Genoa, given in the .Risorgimento of the 13th instant, states that on the occasion of the anniversary of the expulsion of the Austrians from Genoa the Republican party endeavoured to bring about a revolution. The red flag having been hoisted at Castellesto in the course of the night of the 10th, several of the conspirators met at that place, but on the arrival of a strong body of gendar merie they did not venture an attack, and they dis persed quietly. The Risorgimento adds that several of the agitators, who had introduced themselves into the city clandestinely, had succeeded in escaping by sea. An agent of M. ROTHSCHILD'S has made an appli cation to the POPE for some concessions in favour of the Jews, but Cardinal ANTONELLI replied that the Pontifical Government being ecclesiastical could not grant the same concessions as other Government - s. He added, howe%er, that at the period when the tri bunals are to he reformed the condition of the Jews would he ameliorated He that pursues virtue only to surpass others, is not far from wishing others less forward than himself; and he that rejoices too much at his own perfections will be too litttle grieved at the defects of other men.—Aliza Cook's Journal. The High Sheriff of this county, Josiah Spode, Esq., of Armitage-park, has given a fat beast and 20 tons of coal to the pow of Rugeley and Breieton.— Wolverhampton ronick. Anglo-Italian (late Ita• llan and Austrian) .. 6 1: Boulogne and Amiens .. 21 Central of France (Or- leans and Yierzon) .. 21 Demerara .. Dutch Rhenish • . • . East Indian I Do. do. do. .. 2( Great Indian Peninsula.. Ditto ditto .. Louvain ala Sambre . Luxembourg .. . Ditto Madrid and Valentia Namur and Liege .. Northern of France .. Orleans and Bordeaux .. Paris and Orleans .. Paris. and Rouen Paris and Strasbourg .. Rouen and Havre .. . Sambre and Meuse .. Strasbourg and Basle .. Tours and Nantes .. Tournay, Jurbise, Lan den, and Hassell West Flanders .. JOINT Anstralasla ....... 4 liriti.4ll North America.. 5 Colonial ... 2 Connnercial of London.. 2 London Joint Stock ...• I London and Westminster 2 National Provincial Eng. 3 Do. New ........ • • .. National of Ireland .. •• . 2: Provincial of Ireland.... I Do. New .. • .• • • .... Union of Australia Union of London ...... Union of Madrid „ d Assume, .Margaret, Pnce Edward's Island. °-;;. l Arne, anua; Mahaicaakmerara; Albion and "•!`. lonia,New Jamaica; Lady Convall, Barbadoes; California; t Orleans; 1-I°'"ah Tn•nton, Philadelphia• it an ac a r, for Dona-eng with bowsprit spraeb etipr damage; Chevalic Trinidad, , lei!,by.,.., 3d , to YARMOUTH, DEC. 18.—'le Liberty, New”, ring London, has put back into Coen' Roads, leaky, ° P - struck on the Rough. of WATERF.)RD, DEC. 18.—T? Charles Coro., Boston, Liverpool to Cbarlestonwas fallen in with, inst., le.t. 25 N., and long. 26 in a sieking crew taken off by the Pacific, arced here. e LOWESTOFT, DEC. 18.—The sue, of S went on the Newconae Sand; has lean brought 514-cing state. The Solon ran upoaaa N a wa orae See nd i r e lai: d eill : but catne off makin very little wata be TauoN, DEC. 17. g The Anna, of ortaferry , has ar wrecked on the sands at Barasse, triug a gale; e re saved. ALDBOROUGH, DEC. 17.—The Alta°, of end fiv • ill o South Shields for London, was in coract in the S h wl oni with the Christiania, of Shields, and sue in five fat water; crew saved. LIMERICK.—And. Jessy, Quebec. L eith BERWICK, DEC. 17.—The New IlappAt etilal „b 0 to London, and the Ann, Banff to Newctie, a nchor the bet in Holy I s land h a rb o ur, fouled each oter, eel.' eg in former was obliged to cut away her mils, danger of sinking. HARWICH, DEC. 18.—The barque, repoted o h : the Martin, sunk i n t h e Gunfleet, pr oves ° be Europa. of Whitstable. thelea.V a v ANTWERP, DEC. 17.—The Emma, frea l T Africa, is on shore in the River in a dangerous PB.llsiir The Nathan Hallett is at the Quaran masted. to1e 1 " Galstay_aa 0 ATHENS, DEC. s.—The Chie Theou, month er Queenstown, put into Port Mandre pre i lit inst., leaky, and with loss of rudder. „ pa 2. - - „T t : ADELAIDE, SOUTH AUSTRALIA, S.'„" y J•`a tme.pouet Kaliemaces, Sourabaya to Melbourne and °Y,.." - t e a ' IWP 7 South Wales, put in on the 7th of Aug °. a, P e " leak. The New York Packet, an d withfo ur cargo old back on the 24th of August leaky, water in her hold; will discharge part ei her proceed with the remainder. I v IV 3 t r.lf.' PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 18 Wind •• •1 1.5 to s.e. S.E.—Arrd. Persevere • f ,61°t--5 bolo nce, London or lass, leak. The outside part of a single tube eillvosaed hence to s! feet 0( on mounted, and marked "J. L. V. Me" was shore at Haylone• Island. d TEIIINMOUTH,6DEC. 17. Wind N. N. fle Arrd. Nancy, St. John's, Newfoundlan d. 13°J. PLYMOUTH, DEC. 18.—Wind VV. "que"arhd g ea °Pe. phorus steamer, Sierra Leone and CaPear t WATERFORD, DEC. 17.—Wind W.S*" a , Wl' Arrd. Pacific, Honduras. BELFAST, DEC. 1 / ... wi n d N.vva--Sld. 3•llao;ica, bile. Put buck, Hercules, St. John's, New 1 31.1111 SUNDERLAND.—Arrd. Keepsake, Quebe, T e. vi r fresbt .. BAMSGATE, I)EC. 18.—Wind S. to CC . ' 5l. a " O3, l ea* st erd- for Do e- Arrd. Lauisa Christine, Surinam for Are arid must discharge. The Isabella, Of Whitby to ' g srge° don, which was found abandoned, and taken Roads, has been brought in here; crew e d ' one , _..Arrcl• de alerds' NEWPORT, DEC. 18.—Wind N. Quebec. Slc/. Franceska, St. Vincent and eseg a ebee• CLYDE.—Arrd. Marchment, and Indest r A• GRANCEMOUTH.—Arrd. Albion, ilairet e ' e l 'frote CALCUTTA, Nov. 7.—The Frances don, and the Dumblane, from Madras, Orel tbcal off the Sand Heads; the former lost hoollig'oa bea n o latter only slightly damaged. The Raja h ' din to Liverpool, has put back, having grett"aaeaed et s ' e River; has dicharged a da' part of cargo in to and is in dock repairing. gingePaaao CANTON. OCT. 28.—The Good Success, 0 0 ard in Amoy, whilst lying at anchor under fer'boto CV siker, coo Harbour, north coast, was attacked IV Pir s , t 4 . B , o rode ee. plundered of the whole of her cargo of Stra" -5 •) 10, 1 / COMMON PLEAS.—(TH IS „, I Akq' for INC L. THE NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. C-o:areu for Mr. Sergeant Channel and Mr. H. ll k i r 1) 11911 the plaintiff ; and Mr. Sergeant Bytes 50 ` . 0;0 the eh fendant. ; Cs ' ) be This was an action brought by the n ot a l , l i ng, formerly of the 4th Light Dragoons, e r ° a oter s i: a lN a orth-Westcrn Railway Company, to Tee o f aC o ma ti n o t n n i u n , damages from them for the reluw ta`•:ost by the negligence of their servos jrY.‘ a train travelling from the Euston.squar e 91° Kila of mingham. the i' - eitr From the evidence it appeared that, ,e n ,,kley, l3- 1 •0 December, the plaintiff, who - resides at "' m a ; tife e die Birmingham, having been staying for s e r ro a• 11 ' e town, left London by the half-past fil e arr lved is ; s o ,: f ef li o ; afternoon for Birmingham. Having station his luggage was taken from the ee h e b o Y aine d who placed it in the vestibule, where it r - traie% a rt' some time, and was afterwards placed en the his 5 -, arriving at Birmingham, the plaintiff 113iss e e dott o ',, t et• manteau, which contain e d th e greater Pe' i j ea seat - a ° wardrobe. The waiter at Morland's wilt 5 1 Soho, swore to having placed this on the e t "' aa porge,. at plaintiff left for Eusten-square_, but tr og ;g the railway station, who took the hu l a tw ete heer tees the cab, en being called, could not r e-- , rucion w ed description of luggage, nor whether bads been, P 1 le+ had formed part of it. The luggage br ogee"' of on the train by another porter and el s 1) 1 )11°Y 't also in the service of the North-Wester n -c te 0 1 ) t o e the company refused to produce them or 0 , otibrAce names, so that the plaintiffs had been I t a il t r i e n 'ibe bo o s i r. tli e e d them. It was stated that the porter is of the railway company at Euston- wa re, (o , iec lg oo policeman has since left. Both these had sell ac ed that the lost portmanteau had been P - 1 9 10 ,1 0 1 the train. Every effort made by Ch o se n wit tic' ae t a o va discover the missing portmanteau had T it iota and the company having refused comPen e " t he present action was brought. E rtl ° S Evidence w as brow ht ortmanht to show that PreP m e tt amount of 401. wa s i n the p teau at the time lost. e Wer e e ell o The LORD CHIEF JUSTICE said that if tbi s ' e 1 1 05. 0 the evidence for the plaintiffs, he thought ther co d I .A case to go to the jury. All that had been r o be that the plaintiff bad a portmaateau and tha"t-oto thh lost it. No evidence had been given to trace 00, possession of the North-Western Company , e t4s ,jn he thought the course taken by the comp og le present case extremely reprehensible, be eh el a - alev obliged to tell the jury that there was no e" 014 against them. 1 /0 Mr. Sergeant CHANNEL said in that case me assent that his client should be nonsuited. The plaintiff was then ordered to be noasuited. SHERIFFS' COURT.—(THIS DAB (Before Mr. Under-Sheriff BURCIIELIO SIIEARMAN V. RUSSELL—FALSE IMPRIsoN O ,. S io im p This was an action to recover damages for 16' prisorment, under very peculiar circumstances. ' th e Defendant did not plead to the action. ted toed; Mr. Flat appeared kr the plaintiff, and sta case. Plaintiff is a pork butcher in CaledoeiBllso: King's-cross, and defendant is a meat salesman i° oo th; gate-market. It appeared by th e ev idence tb, at de fo / sth of March plaintiff purch ase d some m eat °,!. ant in the market ; and on t h e sth o f April itl' h iat i t i . plaintiff bring in the market defendant g sve d 1 0 .; charge on the groun d o f having paid three 0 01 crowns in part p a y ment o f the purchase nmoney'bot ls, ' tiff was locked up for four hours in the sta tion and taken before Mr. Alderman Challis, w ho heard the evidened considered time charge to b e b ai unfounded, and discha rge d th e plaintiff. bat t The Learned C ou n se l f or t h e plaintiff urge d, i$ ° P- was a most aggrav a t e d case , an d that the pig-,, v/ entitled to heavy dam ages . I nf . 0 6 501 The UNDER-SU ERINF sa id t h a t th e ease was one purely in c ons id erat i on o f d ama ges ow l ' would assess. The jury gave a verdict for 201. The other cases were wholly uninteresting. c . ' CRIMINAL COURT—(THI S ) GLD COURT. n 4 0 (Before Mr. Justice WIQUTMAN and Mr. Ba r° " - i beci e l'of FORGERY.—Thomas Costello, aged 27, dos er p - o - ees, 6 fo clerk, was indicted for feloniously forging I V the delivery of goods, with intent - to defri:llo I.‘ • of and another. deo Mr. Woollett p rosecute d an d Mr. Horn de-ceP prisoner. t Jed, Mr. WOOLLE TT , h av i ng state d the ease t° f 9 ' l proceeded to ca ll th e f o ll ow i ng witnesses•--- It 0 .ter Mr. Georg e J o h n B ooty , c l erk to Air. , afl gs" St. Swithin's-lane wine•rnerchant produce d 1 ;1 for the delivery of six dozen of ch ' arnpagn c lieu brought to him on the 22d of August, - but be e " e fao/b; deliver the wine that day, but ho gave it th o , llc- :00 6 , another man, of the name of Gartell, who so ° h e the name of Smith. The value of the wine vil' a d to Is!., and Mr. Berry, by whom the order purP r , e gd i signed, was a customer of his master, Mr.;, Charles Berry, wine -merchant, 229, plc i as i f street, stated that th e pr i soner had been in bigaett:Vlf but left him in 1844, after having b ee n three Y e- „ - n ea him. The order p ro d uced was not written or eiv him, but to th e b est of h i s belief it was ill ° e v e lb 11.° writing of the p r i soner. The order was 13 °‘ 1 r authority. 400 0- Cross-examined—lle had never se en the P - „ since I , e l e ft hi m, s i x years two. Mr. Lewi s B erry, the brother of the last witne, ss n ' o ef? gave it as his belief that the order was i n the PO; fi' handwriting; but he h a d not seen him write ibe. ' years. or e, Mr. Philip Ly ne , an h ote l keeper i n Le i ce ster -6 % etV stated that two years ago the prisoner was is ° ill bi g ploy as a cl er k ; and he believed the order was t h b e to hahandwriting.l t George Russell, City po li ce - consta bl e , who - t b ° ll t prisons r into c usto dy, state d t h at h o to ld himwoe was arrested for forging wine orders, and the P" replied that he knew nothing about them. This was the case for the prosecution. fac et Mr. Honav having addressed the jury for the d f.t th e contending that the evidence failed to establish t" - order was in the handwriting of the prisoner, _ e ti e Mr. Justice WIGHTNAN summed up, and tb I turned a verdict of Not Guilty. ho e The prisoner 'was again 'indicted on co (3i of forging an order fOr the' ,of ; °z ,Jd champagne. This seeond order Was edcriiiqe o t or t& Day; the Wrintrinsrchent.; 7, Pudding-1116F, aff&Pu l LP, pre to be signed by Mr. Philip Lyrrehl:Vvittegi l _ f lt l A ., t ' r ( irA vies ease, but it Was tier had he given any it for him.' It was writte , a Pre nc .„,: ri°„% as ,the prisontr had v sm-' rv ico else atitim i w o'ito h op u of that language when IL, was . iii Mr I.:inq s ! e in_t b e g Mr. Lyne had no 11 , :sitatien in :in... inc , that it prisoner's hp,od. Th.) order was ''preaented 5 6 tio c 6 Day's by two men, named Smith and Savage, whes n d O fr i already been convicted of uttering the order ; .1 1 ,4 1 1 though the forgery was at once d etec t e d, a po. tir the wine was given to them, in order that it V 1( 1,1 IVI . SO( 01 LT °II . .„ 1 . 1 1, )4/1 ;*te4i, t" ' j. 1