The Sun. — London, England, 1850-02-01 00:00:00

each several state paid in addition for its own thoveenment, and all the establishments necessary for the i t rnal admiuistretien of its affairs. He firmly be lieved that we e eta not at all ore - t heed in proportion to rt:ler cenetries; and while he leould again say, the: - distress had not been exaggerated, he could not help expressing his deep regret at the language which was used in sense places throughout the recess, e here, in some instances, actual violence was recnnmended.— (Hear, hear.) He also sa s with deep regret and abhor rence that some of the Parisian journals recommended, almost in direct terms, the assassiratien of - tome of the princes of Europe, and that such assassin would be re ceived with open arms in the United S:ates of America. Now, ho believed that instead of being received with open arms by the people of that country, an assassin, whether from France or elsewhere, would be rejected by them with scorn and indignation. But, speaking of distress, be could not forget that a vespectable morning paper had very usefully given currency to a great deal of curious, in:eresting, and most important information regarding the sufferings of our poorer workmen, and, above all, cf our poorer workwomen. He approached the sub ject with a fe ling of pain and great reluct mcc—of pain at feeling that it was all true, and yet of reluctance at bring bound to dispute the remedies which some able, amiable, and most excellent individuals had devised fer thsoe evils. They were most meritorious ihdividuale, but the remedies they had devised were intended fur -a state cf society in which there was a difficulty in keeping soul and body together on their labours for • fourteen hours a-dry, these unhappy individuals exist ing on the smallest pittance of food by which animal lie could be supported, and meanwhile working with al industry which exceeded all belief and was beyond ad pr-rise. For these he felt strongly—that was a dis tress which went as near to his heart as any of which he had heard mention made that night. But what was the cause of this? It was in proportion to the d-neend for labour that there was anover-abundant sup pe—it was in proportion to the superabundance of those a leo received that there was a low proportion of those who paid; it was that these persons were paid :2 ! or 2fd. a day, because the state of the lahour market w old cot allow of their being paid more. But in order t • remedy the evil it was proposed to take them out of the market, reducing the superabundance of labour by .s - i many thousands. Short-sighted benevolence ! Be nevolence more benevolent than beneficent ! Their sole object in taking those 10,000 or 20,000 individuals out of the market was to raise the price of' labour, and no doubt as that was what they expected, so they would succeed, And to what would the success lead ? In stead of raising the 2id. to 41,1, in all probability it would be still further lowered, awl it was hke building not with wet, but dry sand. But then it was said there was emigration. One object of emigration was to p-ovid-a labour for the colonies, and another was to take' labour out of the home market, and so raise the price of it higher. But what was the next consequence? The colony would only t ke labour of a certaeu kind. The colonists were nice; they wanted la bour, but it must be the labour efvirtue, so that we must. in the first place, scrutinise all the emigrants we sent out, and see if they were fit for emigration, according to the views of the colonists. It might be said if these women would make such good wives, why not let them remain here, fur we are thus exporting the best part of our po pulation. He had never been more horror-struck than when he heard of the total want of feeling exhibited by some of these colonists, when they insisted upon a con vict ship not being allowed to land the convicts they had on board. The Noble and Learned Lord concluded by shottly repeating the sentiments he had already ex pressed as to the inexpediency of retracing their steps to protection, and although his Noble Friend's amendment had been most ably supported, he confessed he had not yet been convinced that it was his (Lord Brougham) dety to accompany Her. Lord STANLEY had heard, in connexion with all ti e'r Lordships, the speech of his Noble and Learned Friend, who had just sat down, with great pleasure; but, certainly, he should say, that it had, especially the latter part of it, very little connexion with the subject then before the . r Lordships, either as regarded the Sp( eeh of lee Majesty, or the amendment propose! to the Address by his Noble Friend. Ho, however, agreed with the con dolence expressed towards her Majesty, in consequence of the loss she and the nation had sustained by the death of the Qceea Dowacer—(Hear, hear)—whose life was marked by splendid and unostentatious charities, and whose death was characterised by a spirit of piety mo t consoling. He believed their Lordships would he unani mous in the expressions of their gratitude to Divine Pro vidence for the disappearance of a painful disease, and that they would lend their co-operation to the adoption of all measures, extending as far as it was possible, the com forts of the lower classes. With regard to what had he fn said of the United States, he believed there was no resiprocity which could pay this country for the loss she sustained by the navigatios.- laws; and as to the passage in the Speech, that her Majesty was on terms of friendly relations with foreign powers, he would ask, was the Government on such terms with Austria, Russia, or Naples?— (Hear.) For his own part, he did not understand what was meant by the terms used as to the instructions that had been given for settling the Turkish affair in a manner con sistent with the dignity of the respective powers con cerned. He presumed, however, that fuller details on this subject would be afforded by her Majesty's Govern ment, and therefore did not press the point further until he saw these details. Upon one poll t, however, ho had expected, and naturally, to have received some informa turn from her Majesty's Governrcen.. For some cause or other, the French had sent a small army into Italy, width was subsequently largely augmented, and which load not until this day been withdrawn. Austria had also marched an army into another part of Italy, and held possession of it. He had no doubt that there was a per te a understanding ly teen the French and Austrian eiovernments on this subject, that they were quite in ac cord, and for the moment contemp'sved only tie pre servation s f order. But it was a singular thing that such a state ( f affairs shout I have existed fur nine or ten months, and not have been deemed of suffi dent import ante to deserve a paragraph in the Royal Speech. He gave both these powers the credit of being actuated by the best intentions, but he could not help looking upon the continua-ice s f the present state of affairs as fraught with danger, and the sooner their troops were withdrawn from Italy the better it would be for the peace and se curity of Europe.—(Hear, hear.) He now came to that p.rt of the Speech on which he must sly he felt extreme regret to differ from her Majesty's Government. He was indeed most anxious that the terms of the Speed, with reference to agricultural distress, should have been of such a character as would have obviated the necessity for any amendment, because it would bare given him great pleasure in seeing the Address unanimously adopted. It wee, therefore, with sincere regret that he fund the terms in the Address were cf such a nature as compelled him to vote against it. Indeed, the whole course pursued by the Go vernment was one of defiance to the agricultural interest. They had selected to move the Address in the other House one of the most strenuous advocates of that free-trade system which, if it had not caused, had at least greatly aggravated, the distress of the agricultural classes. Taking that fact in conne x i on w ith th e terms of the Speech itself, and the speeches of the Noble Mov r and Seconder of the Address in that House, it would al most appear as if it had been the intention of her Ma jesty's Ministers to force them to move an amendment. The tone in which allusion was made to the distress of the agricultural interest was of a slight, if not offensive, character, though the severity and the extent of that di tress had net been either questioned or doubted by any speaks-. The Speech said that her Majesty had observed with regret" the complaints which in many parts of the United lihngdom bad proceeded from the owners and occupiers of land." Now, he said that was not a fair and candishAtatement of the case.—(Opposition cheers.) The comp is did not proceed from one class, but were broad and general.—(Hear, hear.) The distress was riot confined, neither did the complaints ;proceed exclu sively from the owners and occupiers of land. The dis tress reached further, and beyond these classes. It fell previously, and most heavily, upon the labourer, the small shopkeeper, the mechanic, and the artiz an. It touched all those classes whose welfare depended npon their being employed by the owners and occupiers of the soil.—(Cheers.) He therefore indignantly repudiated the statement that the complaints proceeded exclusively from the owners and occupiers of the soil—the distress was great, general, and grievous among all classes, and not a small, secondary, and subordinate matter, as it R as assumed to be in the speech. Having thus endeavoured to foster upon the owners and occupiers of land an impu tation of makii g complaints, the Speech went cn, in a somewhat condescending tone, to express regret that any portion of her Majesty's subjects., however small arid unimportant they might be—such as the owners and occupiers of land, for instance, should have any cause of complaint ; but that regret was qualified by the sincere gratificetion with which her Majesty the increas e d command of comforts by saw great body of th e people.--(Cheers and counter cheers.) Let hom not be understood asop p eommhud r to cheapness a , d the e e .odasce, and to the consequent ,s ti and necessaries of life by th e great body o o v i e t r he h• cowl e - .'.h cheapness and abundance a s existed in 1835, in . • : unction with an abundance of money and employ meet, he would gladly see; but the cheapness - and ahnedance of the present time was widely different, and her Majesty's Ministers, in his belief, ha I been seduced in w a most unwise policy by listening to persons who, be r',.,ts) they make a great noise, believe they are the people, and every other party a mere faction. He believed • that they were committing a fatal error. The great body of the people were not in the position the Speech described them to be. The cheap -11,e" and abundance of o ur imports had not given tnem that command over the comforts and necessaries of lifwhich was assumed th e y f oo l.—(Uhe'xs.) If it was the case that this wages of labour had declined through - out the agri cu l tural districts from 11. to 9 from . 9s. to 75., and Be. t o 6e.—that is, in order - t . o keep " hi a-ey bur dens from faeling upcu the rates, and le , ep down the nominal amount of pauperismto . ihe extent of sev e n p er cent., persons v ere set to work upon th e rosds, or e re ployed only f or t h ree days t ti f e 'eel:, h e th oug h t t hi s did not prove th e coed ton of people had teen improved. oi t n h e ti l: e ea et ho ly of th e time.s aid plenty boasted of was not Patticipatac'ell cording to the very't rms. of the returnsit) th t 1 7 , :. tllVahly'beae:n -tre-yd wtha!tuithlye relied upon by the Noble Lou', torsolmt e f pauperism for the N., holT:4cP9oPtema a 2ut .1 would. set el per cent. less than in th e y „.. • bo remembere I the: the year 1848 Wes deepest depression'. The Noble Ea:l hir ee 3 ,l 4 e r :, f the of it as an exe,,ptiot a' was in the habit of speaking . When, therefore, the Ist cf January, 1849, the }'ear. com mencement of a year following upon a year of deep 41.apreision, was compared with the Ist e f January, 1850, AI fa WitftlePat that there had been a diminution of he pauperism of the whole country, re ..... -7- 3 '6 --- ia ious. The Nob:e Earl and the Go "C.L:frinifliu. . at the manufacturing districts were • .4-,._-In . nu 0 nder the free-trade system. It was 0 ' 4 ! ' . : ii • ; 1 1 I/ nt a fact that it was made a matter ........, . ation in the Queen's Speech, Well, --- - - .. -:-.,... / _ v . ••i, Al a. $ than, he was entitled to deduct the number of persona who had been thus improved from the tend of paupers that had to be supprrted in 1848 and 1849; end thus, upon the flee of these very figures themselves, it was proved that the agricultural (ligroin which appeared be doubted, had increased, and was mach greater this year than last ; and that the cc mplarnts so slightingly referred to had a teal and sclid frunda tion. lie admitted with pleasure that there was a great improvement and a large increase of our trade, and ho was ready to join in congratulating her Ma jesty on that fact. But even the Ministry themselves did not attribute that improvement to any specific cause; and he thought it would not be difficult to show they, there were causes at work which, as in the years 1844 and,1845, and before the disastrous 3e rs of 1847 and 1848, produced prosperity altogether in eipcctive of free trade in corn. He found that our exports of calico had last year almost reached the amount they a e:e be fore free trade operated upon teem. But how much of this increase was owing to free trade, or to an increased demand in the markets opened fir us in markets by free trade ? Why, of the 128,000,000 yards of calico ex ported, no leis than 89,000,000 were sent to a part of our own empire—British India.— (Hear.) This showed conclusively how small a portion of our increased expel ti was due to free trade. He could only express his hope they the present prosperity in the manufacturing dis tricts would not le ad to over-trading and ovel-epecu iatioe, and that the improvement would be as perma nent as it had been rapid. But if he was told that this improvement was owing to free trade, he would remind those that so argued that the boon thus corferrei upon the manufacturing irt , rest had been at the expense cf the agricultural interest.—(Cheers.) No one could look at the prices c f agricultural produce without seeing that there must exist deep and general distress, which every Noble Lord hal admitted. But his Noble and Learned Friend (Lord Brougham) had said that in France the agricultural interest, though not exposed to free trade, but enjoying the benefits of protection, was labouring under the deepest distress. He would accept the fects, but the facts in the case of France were widely different to the facts in our own case. Her Majesty had adverted to the fact that this country had been, under D,vine Providence, preserved from the wars and convulsions which had shaken continental states. He thought that these wars and convulsions were one great cause of the distress h f the agricultural interest of France. — (Hear, hear.) But another great cause was to be found in the different tenure of land in that country. Under the Government of liberty, if fraternity, and of equality, the land had been so minutely sub divided among a mul titude of small proprietors that it was impossible fir them duly to cultivate the soil—(Hear, hear)—and yet the party who had so much power over her Majesty's Ministers, in the course cf the declamations against ex isting constitutions, wished to produce a similar state of things here.—(Protectionist cheers.) They wished to put down the landlords, whom they described as possess ing too much land to be able to cultivate it themselves, and who therefore let it to others to cultivate frr them, screwing an exorbitaet rent from the:r tenants. They made the whole a question cf rent. He denied it. This was no question of rent. If they were to follow the ex ample of France, and take the soil from the possession of the great landed proprietors, in order to make what had been called a" :ate and permanent democracy "—(Hear) —if her Majesty's Gevernment were led away by the influence of these [ artier, and gave countenance to mea sures which were intended and calculated to strike down the influence and alienate the property of the greet landed aristocracy they might fall—their days might be numberel; but, with the numbering of its days, with its flll, would follow the fall of the British monarchy.— (Cheers.) And, when that monarchy and aristocracy were destroyed, and they were placed under the rule of a crude Republic, they would only find that, as in Frat.ce, they would have to endure the distress which had been so graphically described by his Noble and Learned Friend as existing among the small proprietors of that country. Then, when his Noble and Learned Friend enumerated the taxes that pressed upon these proprietors, he almost thought they amounted to 100 per cent. That was another cause of the distress in Franco; and, in addition to this, must be takoa into ac count those internal convulsions from which the ag:icul tural ietsrest could not fail to suffer, and from which we had firtunately been sated in this country. But the Free-trade party wished also to burden the land by di rect taxatior, and he should deeply regret to see her Majesty's Ministers become the instruments f,r carrying out so destructive a policy. But it had been said that the distress was owing to temporary causes. Why, he found that the decline in prices had been steadily going on fur the last three years, and though it was said that the fo reign grower would not import except at a remunerative price that would protect the home grower, yet he toand that from taking 1844, when the imports of wheat and flour, at an average ef 695. 92. per quarter, were 4,451,000 quarters, as compared with 1849, when the average price had fallen to 445. Id. per quarter, the im ports were 4,453,352 quarters, being an actual increase in a year when we had a good harvest over the year 1847—a year of famine, when the average price was 575. 7d. per quarter. Again, they wore told in 1847, when there was a deficient and bad crop, that caused low prices ; and in 1849, when there was a good and abundant troy, they were told that abundance necessi tated a low price—the causes, therefore, were not tem porary, they were permanent. He did not pretend to be a prophet, but he had, when this questioned was din cussed a priori, and without the light which acttial ex perience had since throtin upon - it, stated belief, that in three years the impefts •'would mount up between four and five millions of quartern arid the prices range from 40-. to 455. ; and the result had shown the correctness of that opinion.—(Cheers.) Ile thought, therefore, that they had prima _facie evi dence that the distress was ne t :owing to temporary causer—that the decline in prices would Le permanent. If they now could have corn poured in at the present prices, they had no grounds for believing that corn coult ever be higher than 45-.. or 465. a quarter. He esker: the Noble Lord if the consequences which had resulted were such as they had anticipated from the repeal of the corn-laws? He would say confidently that the ad vocates fir the repeal cf the corn-laws never contem plated that the c ff,.ct would be t 3 bring corn down to 45s and 465. On the contrary, it was argued that the effect would be to raise rent; and one Noble Lore', who advo cated the repeal, looked forward with great confidence to that result.—(Hear.) The primary object which he had in view was to prevent large quantities of land from being thrown out of cultivation through the great de preciation of prices—and by so doing, thereby reduce still more the condition of the agricultural labourer. A Noble Lord had talked about the increase of rents since 1815, but the alteration which had taken place in the e alue of the currency had not been taken into ac count. The rent paid for the land was a very insignifi. cant return for the millions of capital which had been sunk upon it, and was a return which the men who attacked the landed interest would think a very inade— quate return. Although labour might be obtained b 3 the landed interest at sixpence a day, they preferred pay ing a shilling, and did not take advantage of the compe titien to reduce the wages cf the labourer to starvation point.—(Hear, hear.) So much then for the conduct of the landed interest, which had been so much vilified. For himself he could say that from the property he pos sessed in Ireland he had not, as we understood the Noble Lord to say, received during the last 18 months a sixpence of rent. Considering the heavy burdens to which land was liable, and the unremunerating prices of agricultural produce, was it unreasonable that they were not satisfied with the language used towards the agri cultural body in her Majesty's Speech? It was with re gret he assented to the amendment, but not feeling satisfied with the language in the Speech ef her Ma jesty, he felt bound to give that amendment hie support —an amendment, he would add, which had been so ably and so temperately introduced to their Lordships' attention. Be the policy right, or he the policy wrong, of the measures which they hac adopted, it was decidedly unfair that the occupiers in land should still be compelled to bear the exclusive bur dens which had been so long cast upon them.—(llear, hear.) He asked them—end he asked them with confi deuce, to give their support to the amendment, which upon two grounds accounted for the distress which the) all regretted, namely, the adoption of free-trade mea sures, and the pressure of local taxation—two causes which had resulted from the measures which had been adopted by her Majesty's Ministers.—(The Noble Lord then resumed his seat amid loud Opposition cheers.) The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said that, after the speech of the Noble Lord who had just sat down, he felt it his duty to address the House upon some of those topics to which the Noble Lord had alluded. Admitting that it was the right of Noble Lords to give vent to their opinions, and to embody them in an amendment, it seemed they had found only one subject upon which it was necessary to move an amendment. The Noble Lord (Stanley) had expressed his surprise that, with reference to the relations in which this country steed towards foreign powers, so meagre communication had been made. Whatever the Noble Lord might think, ho (the Marquis of Lansdowee) would take upon himseS to say that the statement it the Speech was strictly correct; and, with respect to Russia, to which the Noble Lord had particularly al. hided, ho could confidently affirm that the relations of this country with Russia were of a most amicable character.—(Hear, hear.) 'With regard to what had been said about Turkey, this country felt itself bound to aid in upholding the dignity and the independence c f the Porte; and the result ef tie measures which has been adopted had been of a nature best calculated to maintain the F. ece of Europe. As to the effect of their legislation on the navigation-l a w r , which the Noble Lord had deprecat e d, h e ( the Marquis of Lansdowne) could say, , that both on th e part of the United States and of Sweden there had been every desire exhibited to meet this country in a spirit of reciprocity on that subject and similar assurances had b een rece i ved from other'. Governments —(Hear, hear, and cheers.) He would now refer to the amendment which had Leon moved. The Noble Lord (Lord Stanley) had complained of the terms which were used in the Speech es contrasting in vidiously the condition c f the manufacturing labouring population with that of the agricultural. Now he de pi (seated any invidious cornianson, and for his ow n i pert he considered the n!cresrs of the agriculLural la bourer wa re identified with the interests of the landlord. —(rleer, hear.) lie would refer to the Henley Union, which had been spoken of by the Noble Lord as being a union in whFch the condition of the agricultural la bourer Verse so bed. Ho found that in the Henley Union the cost of maintenance ef paupers had been reduced in the 3 ear 164'J from 7821. to 368/., and the numbers had been reduced frcm 28,327 to 19,312, The Noble Mar quis adduced other instances, such as the increase which had taken /ince in the consumption of tea within the last ) esr, as showing the increase in the comforts cf the mass ef the population, and the advantage which had re sulted to the country from the r assiug of those measures which Noble Lords opposite so strongly deprecated. It was the glory of this country that commerce could not increase without the landed interest being benefited at the same time. And when he stated that, taking the amount of the exports up to the latest moment, it would bo fella that the' increase in these dining the last year amounted to no less than .ten mil:ions sterling—(Hear, hear)—that then must greet!) , Lensfit ti e community at large. But then the Noble Lord sail that was counter balanced by the large imp rrtations of f,reign grain. But what was the fact? Ile found that in the Iset three months of 1848 the importations of foreign grain into this country amounted to 1,435,000 quarters, while dering the feet throe months cf the year 1849 that im portation was reduced t. 845,e00 quartcre. • But he had also got the amount of the quantity of foreign gra'n oe all descriptions imported into this eoritry during the e,ent month, or during the first four weeks of 1850, and he found that while in the first four weeks of the year 1849 the amount imported was 1,108,618 quarters, during tie past four weeks the importations had only amounted to 336,895 quarters. So that this importa• tion of f ire;eu corn, against whi c h the farm e r s we r e told it would be in vain for them to struggle, was reduced in the proportion of about ,onc-fourth of its former amount. Some allusion had been made to the state of France, but there could not be a more instructive pic ture than that which the Noble Lord (Brougham) h'sd drawn of protected France and unprotected England. The Noble Lord said th,t a gre a: part c f this distress in France was owing to the pare fling and extreme sub dilision of the land. But that existed lung before these extensive importations had taken pla?e. The Noble Earl who motel the amendm , nt referred to former p;riods, which be described as times of happiness to the labouring classes of the community, under a state of preteetion of corn-Laws and of the sliding-scale, of which he avowed himself to be still the advocate. Ot.e the years to which the Noble Evl referred, was 1833. He would vote :nil)] a most authentic document the state of England and the landed interest et this period, Vl h en prat , cted by the sliding-:.cafe. It was the report of a Commiq 30 which was composed of the greatest au thorities on both sides of tte House. After referring to the report of a firmer Committee of 1821, the Cemmit t.e expressed a hope that the great body of the occupiers of the soil in this country possessed a power which would enable them to surmount the difficulties under which they laboured; and they then go on t) say that they were b aind to state that a great many ( f the difficulties remained unchanged —that the savings of a gre at number of the occupiers were gone, their credit was diminished, and their re sources generally exhausted. This opinion they stAed was formed not upon the evidence cf the ratepayers, but ,of many of the most resrectable gentlemen, as well owners of land as occupier:, surveyors, and land agents. What worse description could the Noble Lord give of the state of agriculture, and the owners and occupiers of land at the present day ? Could he describe them in more simple, or more em phatic terms than " that their savings were goes, their credit had failed, and that their resources were exhausted!" And this, t.to, was under a scheme which he thought so good that he refused to take an Bs. permanent duty in lien thereof, believing that the country could only be saved by the aid of that defensive system, with this panoply, this fort . fication of a sliding scale, which exhausted the resources, took away the savings, and diminished the capital ( f the country. The condition of the agricultural labourer had, therefore, been at various times equally as bad a; it is at present, and therefore it was that he hoped Noble Lords and Honourable Gentlemen who were in the habit of addressing public meetings upon this sub ject would cease to hold delusive language to the far mers, and forlear to tell them that their resource was only in these protective laws. They deceiiel the farmers when they held out such delusive hopes to them, instead of telling them fairly that they were not fee only body in Eugland who had to compete with the foreigner, and bidding them look to the woollen and silk manufacturers, who were succe,e fully competing with the foreigner, and bidding them "go aid do like wise." Instead of adopting this course with the farmer, they deceived him by telling him to go to Parliament, and that Parliament would relieve him. And what, after all, was the re'ief proposed to be obtained from Parliament ? Was it a recourse to a system of fixed duty ? If a farmer addressed at one a these public meetings was told that by going to Parliament he could obtain relief and security—if he had the intelligence of a British farmer, and would come and look over the amendment of the Noble Earl, he would ask, what is the relief you promised us? You have nothing here but mere general statements? What do you propose to do? He (the Marquis of Lansdowne) understocd that the Noble Duke was prepared, if the amendment was carried, to follow it up by some other resolutions in favour of a return to the old system of ppotection— The Duke of RICHMOND—I am prepared, if this amendment is carried, to get rid ( f the present Govern ment; and I have every hope that the Members ( f a new House of Commons will give their protection t ) All the doinestic interests in this country.—(Hear.) The Marquis of LANSDOWNE thanked his Noble Friend for stating so explicitly his intentions. It was now ch a-, that what na; intended was to get rid of the present Governrceat, and then to call together a new House of Commons to re-enact the old corn-laws. He would be as frank with the Noble Duke as he had been with him. There was a time when he considered that a fixed duty was the best mode of meeting the neces sity Which existed for a great and radical change in the system of the corn-laws. That proposition was made, and by the Noble Lords opposite it was resisted. —(Hear.) It was resisted by them successfully, and the rejection of that proposition placed the country in a situation which compiled it to determine between dee'sliding-scale and no corn duty at all. Whether the fgmer was now. upon reflection, grateful to the Noble u;;icis - opposite fir having saved him from a fixed duty, be'did not know; but, at all events, the farmer was so saved by their exertions, and Parliament having once lecided between the tee-total repeal of the corn-laws and he sliding. scale, and that haviitg been decided by large n.jorities, he (the Marquis of Lansdowne) for one— 'hough the Noble Lord might be ready for the conflict —was not prepared to engage in that conflict of interests which would cnsue if that proposition were now to be larricd. He would not be responsible fur it. Noble Lords had a right to take the sense of the House upon be subject, and he was glad that they were pre pared to take it with the explanation so distinctly stated ey the Noble Duke. He did not eidtertain that low opinion of the English' farmer which some of those who professed to call themselves his friends apt eared to en .eiteir, that he alone who was engaged in the manufac ture of the land, was unable to compete with the manu facturers of other countries. He was not sneaking lightly when he said that, although the farmers might be rather slower than the manufacturers in e mbracin g improved me thods, and in making new exertions, still he did not want the energy which was indispensable to success. - Their Lordships would recollect, that from one end of the country t the other, all protection had been substaut'ally done away with.— (No, no.) Take the case of silk, for instance. Since the amount of protection was diminished, the exporta tion had been steadily increasing during the last year. fhe quantity of silk c xporte I had incre ised from 605,9631b5. to 1,231,8351b5., while the increase in the declarei value had been from 466,0001. to 805,0001., or nearly doubled in amount. And a great quantity of this silk was exported to the countries from whence the raw material was imported into this country. Was not this a proof of the injuriousness of the protective duties? Again, in the article of copper, the same results bad been obtained from a reduction of the duty. The poor-rates of the county of Cornwall had not been so low for some years as they were at present, owing to the great in increase cf . employment given to the people in connexion with the manufacture of copper. With respect to the public meetings to which he had referred, he had seen and heard enough of them to know that those who addressed them did so not with a view f discussing great questions of principle, but ,f inflaming the minds and exciting the passions of one part ef the country against the other. He (Lord Lansdowne) was not prepared to go back on their past policy; he was not prepared to hold out what he believed to be a delusion. He objected t the amend ment of the Noble Lord, which was calculated, if carried, to give rise to general uncertainty and confusion. The way to teat the question was to appeal to the energies that distinguished the British character, and which were not confined to en • class alone, but extended to every class—energies which at the present moment were ex eiliysing themselves notwithstanding the change in the navigation-lasis, for in spite of the predictions in that House, and the declarations cf persons interested, or upposed to be interested, in that subject, there was scarcely a port in England at flat moment in which ship building was carried on, in which there are not more ships building than at any former time; and at that port which was the emporium of the trade, the port of Sun derland, there was an enormous quantity of shipping ,aid down. With such an example of what energy could (to before him, he could not accede to the proposition of the Noble Earl.—(Hear, hear.) The Duke of BEAUFORT said that a doubt having been r xpressed as to there being distress amongst the agricultural labourers, he could only state, in spite of the figures referred to by the Nob'e Marquis, that such listress did exist. When he saw repeatedly at the ses • sions and other meetings bodies of labourers coining and begging for work and wages, and stating that they could not get one cr the other, he could not but believe there was considerable distress.—(Hear, hear.) Earl GREY wished to say a single word in reference to a statement made, by a Noble Lord opposite. The Noble Lord represented him to say that repeal of the icrn-laws would increase his rent, but he never had said any each thing; at he did say was, that the repeal of the corn-laws would inert are the value of his property. Noble Lords generally could not attempt to deny the improved state of the country, and its ad vance, in sp:te of the difficulties of the last three years, in the career of prosperity—(Hear, hear)—and no one could entertain any doubt whateser that at no distant ime the land, like other interests, would share in those benefits —(llear, hear.) As the Noble Lord had re ferred to his (Earl Grey's) private affairs, he would only say that nothing had eceurred within his own personal experience in the slightest degree inconsistent with the public experience or the expectations that were enter tainer-I.—(heal., hear.) Their Lordships then divided. Fir the Add , e,s : Prer out •• • • Proxies For ILG am:Li-meat:— Present Prox ie s ... 86 G 6-152 ... 69 ... 34-103 Mkjority for 'Ministers 49 The Address was then agreed to, and was ordered to be carried Ep by Lords with white staru. The House then adjourned until Monday. DEATH OF ML WESTALT, R.A.—Mr. William Westall, the landscape painter, died on the 22d Inst., in the 69th year of his age. Though little celebrated for his oil pictures, he had a pl( aiant f eling f,r landscape nature (lake scenery more especially). Mr. Westall was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy in 1813, and n as the senior Associate at the time of his death. NEW EDITION OP EVELYN'S DIARY. Now. ready, 103..6d.--bottml, OF EVELYN'S DIARY AND CORREAPONDENCII. NEW AM) CHEAPER EDITION. ' Revised, with nuincrom Aedi tional To be completed in 4 Volumes, uniform with the Nov Edit on of l'epy's Diary. . Henry Cothran, Publisher, 13, (i.eat MalbOrongh-strect. be had of all Booksellers. VOL. I. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. JAMES ANDERS:)N. THIS EVENING, Will he presented, by her Majesty's Servants, The Play of THE LADY OF LYONS. Claude Melnotte, Mr. .T Anderson; Beauseant, Mr. Montagne ; Glaris, Mr. Parry; Nenera: Dumas, Mr. Baker; M. Desehapelles, Jlr. Davielge; Pauline Des. ehapelles, Miss Vandenhoff.__ To conclude with a New Grand Historical, Metaphorical, Allegoric.% and Diabolical Pantondatu, by the author or " Faun lung Hal 'to be called HARLEQUIN and GOOD QUEEN lIES*; )r. MERRIE ENGLAND IN 'rim OLDEN TIME, Private boxes, W. 35., 2/. 12s. Gd., 25., 11. Ils. 6d., and It. Is. Stalls, 55. each. s.d. f s.d. SECOND PRICE. Boxes - 2 0 l'it - - 1 0 Lower Gallery - 0 6 No 11.t1f-price to tipper Gallery r, Mr. J. Posey. FIRST PRICE. Roxei - -4 0 I I'it - - - 2 0 Lower Gallery -1 0 I Upper Gallery - 0 6 Box-book-keeper THEATRE ROYAL, Ii .\ imARKET. Mr. 13. Webster. A.le Lessee kind Msn-e•^~. old _Brampton. MR. Ancnrit's RENEFur, THIS EVENING, W.II be performed NELL GWYNNE. After widch THE CHRISTENING. To be followed by THE MAID OF CROISSEY. To conclude with THE ➢LAID WITH THE MILKING-PAIL, The Box-ottice Is under the direction of Mr. 1. T. Archer. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIIL Cnder the dfrectif.n nt Madams CeJest, THIS EVENING Will be performed a new domestre6/ain . a, called TILE WILLOW COPSE. Principal characters by Messrs. Hughes, Wright, P. Bul bar,' , 0. Smith, Worrell ; Madame Celeste, and Miss Woolgar. Alter which FRANKENSTEIN ; or, The Model Man. rranken stein, Mr. Wright ; the What Is It ! Mr. P. Bedford; Zamiel, Mr. 0. Emith ; Otto of Rosenberg, Miss Woolgar; Tiddlewincg, Miss E. Chaplin ; Agatha, Miss Coveny ; Undine, Miss E. Harding. To be followed by a new slippery sketch called MRS. BUNBURY'S SPOONS. Mr. Highbury Barnes, Mr. P. Bedford; Bob Twinks, !Jr. Wright ; Job Smith, Mr. 0. Smith; Mrs. Banbury, Mrs. F. Sfatthews; Mrs. Highbury Barnes, Miss Brooks. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madam:. Veatzbt. Sole Lessee. Mr. Charter= Mat he ws. THIS EVENING, Will be performed METHINKiI I SEE MY FATHER. After wuich THE ISLAND OF JEWELS. To conclude with BOX AND COX. Dress Boxee 5.. ; Upper Boxes, 4s. ; Plt, 25. ; Gallery, Is. No halt-price to any part of the house. All applications for Private Boxes must be made to Mr. Allcroft, 15 New Bond-street. PRINCESS'S THEATit Mr. J. M. Maddox, Solo Lessee and .11anager. THIS EVENT €*, Will be performed a new cosine Opera, entitled THE VALLEY OF .1N DO R It E. To conclude with KING JAMIE ; or, Harlequin and Magic Fiddle Harlequin, Mr. Bologna; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo; Clown, Mr. Flex more ; Columbine, Miss Fawcett. ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. FRENCH PLAYS AND OPERA COMIQUE. Mr. MITCHELL begs respectfully to announce that the French Performances at the St. James's Theatre will commence 'THIS EVENING, Eight o'clock, when will be performed LE MAITRE CHAI'ELLE. To conelude with a New Opera Boufron, entitled LE CAW. The fox-office of the Theatre is open daily from Eleven till Five. • ASTLE Vs ROYAL AMPRITIIEATA.L. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty. THIS EVENING, The performance will commence at a Quarter to Sevtn, with a new Grand Spectacle of THE KNIGIIT OF THE EAGLE CREST; or, The Tourney of Love, in which Mr. N. - r. Hicks will appear. To be followed by a brilliant display of Betty's peerless scenes of .he Circle, supported by the accomplished artistes of the establish ment. To conclude with a zrand Equestrian Comic Pantomime, by Nel son Lee, called HALIEQUIN YANKEE DOODLE, ir ho came to Town upon his little Pony. Rox-ottico open from Eleven till Yot.r. 111(11.1 WATER AT LONDON BRIJ HIP,. Tim DAY —►forning, 66 rain. after 4 I Evening, 16 min. after 5 To-Moansw —Morning, 37:fnin. after 5 I Evening, 57 oath 41 ,, 5 TIIE WEATHEIL—SUN OFFICE, FEB. 1. TIIERDIOMETER, Lowest, 35; Highest, 47; Noon, 50. BAROMETER, 2 9 84 . WIND S.S. W.—dull hazy weather. 3 .... 4_.?, k , 0z4 , ,,.,?c- 5 .4.- r t ., , , c,14114,4, , , _ , ' C".' 7 r.. .., --- S ;'. 41 7 4 , „ . L. ' ''' ' 4: 4.1 mom= 11, k . i , - 7 , A 41 V..., • '-'+' ''.' ~.. ' s ...-",. ._ . 1 1 .6 ' r ni o 1 E i. _ ....__2e. .6/ .. , ' - , a ft. , 114,,z. iii_ ..... . it i,,e ,14: 5z ,,..T. , ebetnilltt Ant LONDON, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1850. A more comprehensive, a more propitious, or, altogether, a more satisfactory Speech from the Throne, has never within our recollection been deli vered either by the lips of the SOVEREIGN or by those of her Commissioners, than the one which yesterday inaugurated the third session of the present Parlia ment. Generally speaking no document elicits more invariably or more universally the cavils and con demnations of the community than that Ministerial manifesto, which i 3 designated by courtesy the Royal Speech. Scarcely ever is even one solitary section of the multitude disposed to regard it with any degree of complacency. All recognise in it faults of omission ; some of commission. All perceive in it the absence of allusions which they would have fain seen intro duced; some the presence of allusions which they would have fain seen differently expressed. The advisers of the Crown may usually with implicit confidence anticipate the expression of more various and virulent opposition against this one effusion of their statesmanship than against all the rest of the voluminous harangues which during the remainder of .the session may emanate from the Government. IVhatever sentiments they may place in the mouth of the SOVE REIGN, under ordinary circumstances, those senti ments they may be sure will be violently assailed by a crowd resolved to be unsatisfied. In the present instance, however, it is we are satisfied otherwise. One class of the population doubtless will articulate its displeasure in no measured terms—we mean, of course, the Protectionists. But with the vast ma jority of the inhabitants of the United Kingdom the prevalent feeling on the perusal of the Royal Speech will be that of peculiar and almost unalloyed satisfac tion. Each of us, to be sure, will regret that so and so was unnoticed, that such and such a matter was overlooked, that one or other of our individual hob • bies was passed over with indifference—but of this we are satisfied, that the mass of the population will exult in the tone of every paragraph comprised in this important document, and will rejoice that matters of such moment have been mentioned in language so singularly felicitous. After a solemn and feeling allusion to the demlie of ADELAIDE the Queen Dowager,her MAJESTY, through the medium congratulates her Royal Commissioners, felicitates herself fan o and the country upon the uninterrupted and honourable maintenance of the Most amicable relations with the various countries cf the globe, but more especially with the different states of Christeridom. .The reference made immediately afterwards to the happy settlement of the autumn differences which had arisen between the Austrian and Russian Governments on the one hand, and the Government of the Sublime Porte on the other—dif ferences which are acknowledged in so many words to have been "of a serious character"—will have been observed with profound interest by all those whose sympathies are with the expatriated heroes of Hungary. To these individuals, and they are numerous, the announce ment made indirectly from the lips of the SOVE REIGN of England, that all such differences have been amicably arranged through the united mediation of the Cabinets of the French Republic and of the English Monarchy, will be a source of inexpressible gratification, more particularly seeing that that an nouncement is accompanied with the assurance that the advocacy of the cause of the SULTAN, in opposi tion to the demands of the Austrian EMPEROR and of the Russian AUTOCRAT, has been conducted throughout in a manner " consistent with his dignity and indepen dence." Nothing again could be more peculiarly satisfactory than the declaration which thereupon follows, seeing that it affords an augury indirectly of improvement to the commerce of Great Britain, and directly to the advancement and general eman cipation of the commerce of all the countries of the earth, in both hemispheres. Her MAJESTY graciously informs her Parliament that not only have the Governments of Sweden and of the U:ited States of America responded to the generous r€furms made by the British L-gislature in the r,- lasation of the restrictions formerly imposed by the laws relating to navigation, lint that propitious assurances have been received from the reA cf the for. igu states that, ultimately, their own codes of navigutirin will be similarly modified, thereby con. dicing in the end to a perfect freedom cf marine in tercourse. Not an individual in these islands but will nppre elate the beauty of the acknowledgment sub sequently made as to the cessation of the ravages of the Cholere, ALmIGHTY GOD, in his mercy, having been pleased " to arrest the progress of mortality, and to stay that fearful pes; ilence." " ILe 11..1 JENTY persuaded," continues the Royal Speech in terms eminently noble, an , i in a spirit at once ratiot tal and hurntnizing, " that we shal best evince our gt at itude by vigilant precauti ,, ns ag a inst Ole more obviou i causes of sickness, snit an e trued r atios t for those- who are most ^X posed to its titt.ckfz." In that sentence is pron(nticcd an it.dire:t eul.gituo np )n those sanitary ialpiov. ments, which are declared, , - further On, to he ilcvol,ping themselves in all quarrel s of the Unia d Kingdem in a manner highly sat ,i,factory to their promo ter. Comprehensive but, at the same time, cautious diminutions of t he national expenditure are hinted at by the Royal ; ;peech in that portion of it where, on commending the yearly estimates to the Gentlemen of the House. of Commons, it is intimated that those estimates " hi .ve been framed with a strict regard to economy, wkti le the efficiency of the va rious branches of the pi tblic service has not been neglected." Meanwhile, it t making that concession to the popular ambition fur inancial improvement, it is remarked, as if in justifiel stion, that " her MAJESTY 50,-• has seen ltrith satit•fact .on the present state of the revenue." In referen :.e to Ireland, the allumions of the Royal Speech hay, t in this instance acquired an especial interest from the circumstance that the Monarch is enabled to (el saerve, that in her late visit to that portion of her tinpire, her MAJESTY " de rived the highest gratifi cation front the loyalty and attachment manifested by all classes of her subjects." Those allusions, moreove have happily become on the present occasion fre ,ught with some degree of encouragement,.seeinz, t; eat while they announce the effects of former years o f scarcity to be considerably mitigated by the general ; ibundance and the prevailing tranquillity, they intima• te various measures for the improvement of the coed .ition of Ireland, particularis ing those ameliorative me :asures by name, and asserting that they will be brough t in due succession under the consideration of Parliament. Besides announcing to the country the probal ele speedy resumption of all postponed improveinents„ the Speech from the Throne contains two important ; paragraphs not yet speci fied, the most remarks' ele and felicitous - portions of this most remarkali ie and felicitous document. The first of these admirable divisions of the Royal Speech is the following • reference to the increased and increasing prosperity of the country, to the vociferous and interminable complr ,ints of the agriculturists, and to the latent determine ,tion of the Government to maintain their Free-trs ,de policy in opposition to all the noisy demands of tl te Monopolists : " Ller Majesty has gre at satisfaction in congratuhving you on the improved con dition of commerce and manu factures. It is with refire t that her Majesty has observed the complaints which in many parts of the kingdom have proceeded from the own 3rs and occupiers of the land. Her Majesty greatly lame .nts that any portion of her sub jects should be suffering distress; but it is a source of sinew gratification to I ter Majesty to witness the in creased enjoyment of the necessaries and comforts of Lie which cheapness and p leaty have bestows c 1 upon the great body of her people. " Than this nothing c ould by possibility have been more admirably, more justly, or more emphatically expressed, indicating a sympathy for whatever sufferings have really fi illen upon the landowners, but intimating at the same time a resolute determination to adhere to . a cause up on which the comfort and hap piness of the "great be dy of the people" are entirely dependent. The other important paragraph of the Royal Speech not yet particularised is the following majestic and eloquent peroration-1. Inguage worthy of a constitu tional SOVEREIGN, w•urthy of the Patriot Monarch idealized by BOLINGI3 I :OKE : " The favour of Div i ac Providence has hitherto pre served this kingdom 3 'rom the wars and convulsions which, during the last t wo years, have shaken so many of the States of the con tinent of Europe. It is hcr Ma jesty's hope and belief that by combining liberty with order, by preserving a tat is valuable, and amending what is defective, you will sustain the fabric of our k stitutions as the abocii ) and the shelter of a free and happy people." Rfrgarding the Roy; 11 Speech as an augury of the session just commence, I, we are now more than ever sanguine of its proving • one calculated to advance the interests of the community, and to conduce to an ex traordinary iinprovemt mt of the Constitution ; a hope materially heightened by the masterly speech deli vered last night in the Commons by the Hon. CammEs ViLLIERS, and the noble and decisive oration pronounced ii s the Lords by the Earl of CARLISLE. Notwithstanding th a many procf6 which have been afforded during the las t twelve months of the reckless misrepresentations in which the partisans cf the reactionary movement ; habitually indulge, we cer tainly were not prei >tired for the assertion which has recently been put forth by the friends of obscurantism and liegemen of King BOMBA, that Great Britain never guaranteed to the Sicilians their const' Aution. 'We had imagined that the debates whit; a took place in the House of Lords last session, whe n even the Earl cf ABERDEEN only ventured to hin t a doubt, and when Lord HEYTESBURY was com pelled to admit the authen ticity of the memora adum of 1814, had set that question at rest. It would appear, however, that King BOMBA and parti tans in this country are pre pared again to raise th e issue of guarantee or no guarantee, and they f nind their pretensions on the following note from Lord PALMERSTON to L9rd NORMANDY, which wil 1 be found in page 2 of the Parliamentary Papers::— No. IL " VISCOUNT PALME, Et,STON TO LORD NORMANDY. " Fol 'eigr-offico, January 13, 1848. " My Lord,—Report s basso of late Lean circulated that, in some way or ot: ler, the constitution, which was granted to the Sicilia , is in 1812, was guaranteed by the British Governmei it. I think it right to inform your Excellency that t he corresponeence is this Office with Sicily in the years 1811-12, while the reversion cf the constitution of the island was under consideration, and in the year 1813, alter that constitution was finally sanctioned by the King, contains no mention of any pro posal for the guarantee of Great Britain to that consti tution having been either required or offered; nor does that constitution, whit h was finally sanctioned by the King of the Two Sicili RS in February, 1813, allude to any such guarantee.—l am, &c., (Signed) " PALMERSTON." There can he no do , . tbt but that no written gua rantee on the part of C irreat Britain of the Constitu tion of Sicily was requ ired either in 1811, 1812, or 1813, because during tl le whole of those years the forces of Great. B ritain were in military possession of the island of Sicily ; during those years Great, Britain guaranteed the Sicilian Constitution by her acts, and so far were those acts carried, dud when the intrigues of the notorious Queen CAnc,LINE of Naples for the over throw of the Sicilia a Constitution were detected by Lord W. BEN TINCK, his Lordship did not hesitate to deport her from the island, wife though she was of the. idiot Bourbon who at that time wore the Sicilian crov rn; it was not therefore before 1814, the date of the t vacuation of the island by the British troops, that v to should expect to find in the British Foreign-office any record of a guarantee of the Sicilian Constitutic n on the part of Great Britain, and that such guarantt !e was then given appears from the memorandum, date d Palermo, October 20, 1814, signed WILLIAM A'Gouarr, addressed to the Neapoli tan Government, and. published to the Sicilian people ; which memorandurr i was never presented to Parlia • ment until 1849, w'nen it was laid before the House of Peers on the motion of Lord BEAUMONT. This memorandum I had be en withheld from Parliament by Lord CASTVEREIGII ;a 1821, when other papers re lating to Si( were presented ; and when questioned on the sub!,ect by Lord W. BENTINCK, his Lordship inuendoed rather than asserted its non-existence. Copies a it, which had been circulated in Sicily, arrive d in England in 1849, and search was again made t'or it at the Foreign-office without eff4ct, the Sicilia n copies not bearing any date which could guide the searchers; at length th e d a t e was ascertained, and on searching again in the ;Foreign-office the memorandum was f fund. Tin this memorandum (which is published in extens; in the core aspondence relating to Sicilian affairs, presented to the I louse of Lords, pp. 3 and 4), in speaking of the appeal made to England by the Sicilians in 1811 on beh of c >f the Constitution, the British Minister says— ," - En ";land could not b e i nsens ibl e t o t h e appeal • wa-4 made to Intl., and wcilst she el a-ge.l herself with till) protection of Sicily from any foreign invader, she a t same Vine lent tierielf t ► the invitation she had r Avvd, and became the protectress and supporter of alto ratioiis founded upon prinApes FO just iu them 86vcs and s.lcreditP.ble to these from whoa t'ley had or4 . it•Ally emanated." V'Jis surely reads not very unlike a written guar lnte e of constitutional government to Sicily. The t. 74:morandum then proceeds thus : "I n vay temperate and prudent modiflcation of the Go verniut tit-, England would willingly lend that aid and sup- ift , :t it Le d port which :t t a"1; t , 3rdy. done by die Par it rgeni tie(/' tn." - ?,kl and ( .ti U irsiia tut:, dire( t 1t t rve.ri (me hat d Ltrf th, Fun the ttb that conitutiAtil go it, Le af . .c; S fir f. Al el:ority or t • I Great 11:ifain to Siely, Luc, that ( claimed a right of ircorferit , g en his Sicilian sphjvctS, sboald the former attentr. in troduce any mcdifiewions in tie , without the consent of the .Parliainent - , and the reservation of this right of intethrenee on the part of Great Britain bee,ines still more char from the tenor of the note of Lord CASTEL- RE.IGH to Mr. AVottaT, r f the 6 t h cf September, 1816 (Lords Papers p. 5). In speaking of the interference of the ParricE REGENT of Great Britian in the affairs ( f Sicily, Lord CASTLEREAGH says— " You may apprise the N., , politan Minister that the Prime Begetit would consider such in'erference nup,sed on him as a duty, if (a hich h per:An:des hims(-If, s. for the assurances he 11,1 s received f..om his Sicilian M jest; , c';.n never happen) those individuals who acted wiih the British authorities . duziog the late difficult times in Si cily, should be expostd eiti.e: to unkindness or pers. ct- Lion on account of such couilue. His Royal Highness would f( el himself (pally compeller', bowels): reluctat Vy, to inte) f re, if he had the mortification t) observe any attempt made to reduce the privileges of the Sicilian, nation in such a degree as might expose the British Government to the Rim:Loh of having contributed to a change of system in Sicily, which had, in the end, impaired the freedom and happi ness of its inhabitants, as compared with what they f (r -merly enjoyed." These conditions were communicated to the Nea politan Minister, the Marquis of CIRCELLO, and the following is his reply (Lords' Papers, p. 8, No. 5) : "THE MARQUIS OF CIRCELLO TO 'WILLIAM A'CJURT, ESQ. "Naples, Dsc. 6, 1816. " The Marquis Circello has taken into his ma' ure con sideration the ve.-bal declaration which his Excellency, Mr. A'Court, his Britannic Majesty's Envoy Extraor dinary and Minister Plenipotentiary, has made to him. "It was stated in this declaration, as nearly as the Marquis Circello can remember, that his Royal High ness the Prince Regen', from motives of friendship to his ally, the King of the Two Sicilies, wished that these changes should be wisely and prudently effectuated; that as to his own conduct, his Royal Highness the Prince Regent would abstain from all interference in the internal affairs of a foreign and independe..t state, pro vided his own honour and the good faith of his Govern ment did not otherwise require it ; and this would be in the two f Vowing cases : —First, if the Sicilianr, who, luring the last few years, Lai acted in conce't with the • Brit'sn authorities, we.e exposed to a reaction ; and, secondly, if the condition of Sicily should be rendered worse then it was in former times. " The Marquis Circello having submitted, as was his duty, this declaration to his Majesty the King, his master, must assure Mr. A'Cout t, that his Majesty acknowledges in this declaration a new proof of the particular regard and friendship cf his august ally; and he desires that Mr. A'Court will express his most lively grivitude to his Royal Highness." Can the authenticity of the, documents be denied ? It would, we think, require more than even a Bourbon power of mendacity to attempt such denial. 11 their authenticity is admitted, then we have the gua rantee contained in the memorandum of 1814, in which England declares herself the pro ectress and supporter of the alterations introduced in 'o the cons; itution in 1812, and declares that as a condition of any modifi cation to be hereafter introduced into the constitu tion, she exacts that such modification should be made by the Parliament itseV. We have the declara tion by Lord CASTLEREAGH, of 6th September, 1816, that the PRINCE REGENT would feel compelled to in terfere if he should observe any attempt made to re duce the privileges of the Sicilian nation in such a degree as might expose the British Government to the reproach of having contributed to a change of system in Sicily, which had in the end impaired the freedom and happiness of its inhabitants, as compared with ',what they formerly enjoyed, and we have the acceptance, on 6th December, by the Marquis of CIRCELLO, on the part of the Neapolitan Government, of the light of interference on the part of Great Britain, as reserved in the note of Lord CASTLEREAGH. It is admitted on all - hands that the Constitution of 1812 had been modified without the consent of the Sicilian Parliament. There can be no doubt but that the effect of that modification has been to render " the condition of Sicily worse than it was in former times." The case provided for in the note of the Marquis of CIRCELLO has arisen, and the right of England to interfere is incontrovertible. Equally incontrovertible is it that the Sicilians have a right to call for such interference, and that England is bound in vindication of her own honour and to save herself from reproach, to interfere, by arms if necessary, to secure to the Sicilians the restoration of their constitutional form of government. CITANCERY.-(THIS DAY.) The Lord Chancellor sat in the Old Hall, Lincoln's Inn, to-day, pursuant to the intimation his Lordship gave yester day. It is usual for all the equity courts after the last day of term to adjourn to the first seal, but in consequence of the arrear of appeal occasioned by his Lord ,- ;!iip's indisposition last year he is anxious to overcome it by sitting during those periods which are usually devoted to recreation. MARKS V. SOLOMONS. The arguments in this part-heard appeal fere resumed and concluded to..day. The LORD CHANCELLOR gave judgment, reversing the de•- cision of the Court below. VICE-CHANCERY.-(THIS DAY.) (Before the Vice-CHANCELLOR of ENGLAND.) His Honour sat to-day for the purpose of disposing of some pressing motions, none of which possessed any points of interests except to the parties concerned. It is understood that his Honour will not sit again until Thursday next, the first seal. ( Before the Vice- Chancellor limo HT BRUCE.) His Honour heard bankrupt petitions to-day, none of which were of any interest. The Master of the Rolls and the Vice-Chancellor Wigram did not sit. COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.) Mr. Justice Talfourd and a common jury were occupied at Westminster throughout the morning in trying the case of Wernock v. Jacobs, which furnished no materials for a de tailed report, the matter in disi;ute being a copper vessel which had been removed from a house occupied by one of the parties on his leaving the premises, and to the ownership of which both laid claim. EXCHEQ UER.---(THIS DAY.) (Sittings at Nisi Prius, at Westminster, before the LORD CHIEF BARON and a Common Jury.) l ir wit.fyN V. GADSDEN. This was an action to recover under a charter party. Mr. KNOWLES stated the case to the jury. The plaintiff was a ship-awner at Sunderland, and the defendant was a merchant residing in London, and the action was brought to recover 4571. alleged to be due to the plaintiff under a charter party which had been entered into between the par. ties on the 11th of October, 1848. It appeared that at the beginning of the month the plaintiff had a vessel called the Radiant in the London Docks, unloading a cargo of linseed which had been brought from abroad, and being anxious to get employment for the ship as soon as the cargo was discharged, he employed for this purpose a broker named Lindsay, who entered into an agreement with the brokers of the defendant to bring a cargo of wheat from Smyrna. The charter party in question was accordingly duly executed both by the plaintiff and defendant, and by it the defendant engaged that his factor at Smyrna should load the vessel with Indian wheat, maize, or other grain, and the freight to be charged was to be at the rate of Bs. per imperial quarter. The vessel was allowed to go to Hartle pool first, to take in a cargo of coal, which was to be dis charged at Smyrna. She was finally cleared at the London Docks, on Oct. 14, but the wind being easterly, she could not sail until the l6th,and did not arrive until the 22d at Hartlepool. She left Hartlepool on the 31st, and reached Smyrna on the 25th of December, where the captain discharged the cargo of coals, and then saw the defeudant's factor, Mr. De Young. but he told him that he had no cargo to send to England, and must act, under these circumstances, as he thought best for the interest of both parties. The consequence was the captain loaded the vessel with madder root, and sailed on the 15th of February for Liverpool, where he arrived on tlas_ 9th of April, and the cargo was finally discharged on the 2IIM of the same month. The sum sought to be re covered, therefore, was the difference between the freight actually earned. and the freight which would have been received if the charter party had been complied with. The freight of 2.250 quarters of wheat, the stipulated quan tity, at Bs, per quarter, would be 900/., and to this was to be added 6?. a day for demurrage, the vessel being detained 14 days beyond the time specified in the charter p.!rty, mak ing a total of 9841. The freight received by the plaintiff for the cargo of madder root only amounted to 527/., so that the real balance due to him was 4571. He believed that the only bona fide question in the case would be whether or not Mr. De Young was the agent or factor of the defendant at Smyrna, but he thought, after they had heard the evidence, there would be no doubt entertained upon the point. Mr. Alfred Smart proved having witnessed the signa tures to the charter party. Cress-examined by Mr. MARTIN—When the document was Lrought to the plaintiff it had a memorandum attached to it by the defendant, making a condition that the vessel sboull sail within seven days. The Lora) CHIEF BARON—That puts you out of court. The defendant entered into a charter party on the cot di tions contained in a separate paper, that the vesel should sail within a given time, and the charter party must be taken with the condition. 14 the C,tr T—The defendant wished th e vesse l to sa i l innuediately. Tile document was written and signed at the same time as the charter party. The CEIEF BAUON—Certain conditions we re inaoe, anal if tl.c plaintiff was di,satisfiA with them, he cught to have cancelled the contract. You, in tact, want tv declare upon the contract witUnt the separate paper. Mr. KNOWLES applied for lear,, to amend the declaration. The enIEP BARC•N having constilicd with the other Judges of the court upon the point, s tid he could not allow the plain tiff to amend. Atter a short discussion, it tray ultimately nrranged be tween the vatic:, that there shyul,l be a vertiio . ter the de fendant on th e i ssue o f non assutnpsit, and for the plaintiff on the other iuues.--Verdict accordingly. N. GIN E, C 1 i LECTA N E !TY. • Q Z.'. 11: 'lt 7'o 271 It' of Cut .on :.t Livrpool yes' , r;l.ty were es'ilrae(ci 0 5 1. 1 %10 we re tak,n lan tanl at 6 LA i i d i ;" 3 a ' ki a' a ai land at fi a a (11 1 .5 d itPo7es 4 101 0 03 . ET. it•c'•••• ~•, p et ' t r o ll. ! ., . , , , t e closeti rather firmer.— Railway Shares wcre -t is exceedingly heavy again t , -daY• w - produce ;oar kets this week there has ee . " 1 "' a3d all the principal stapl!s ra.la to : as de( lined. Jnd coffee is down✓ 's n dt.ll. • Pr,'; accorSit.g to the descripti ns. Dice ha been .ovi , ions maintain their value. Spices are ill r, quest, a: also is rum, cotton, and wool• ead vices of October 4 from Sydney. Sev ira sets having arrived front England, the markets were i n f re !reagreatmea,ure suppli e d with the goods wanted. A ll is g e, portion t , e crgoes consisted of marketable mord.'" and realised satia,.ctory prices previous to being land ed ' Be. tail bti,ines was very dull. of . mains accounts of Nov. 16 state that •• w here;s. sugar ibis yom• to that date were 31,.1-o,C 4 Slbs the corresponding period of 181* they were but 15,849,06?' he exchange on London for Government paper I Per exPrt_s_ cent. premium. The Cunt' in reference to the momv market. r ifles . mental letters bring nothing of prominent iatereitt A very heavy market exists to-day for Public Scell I, reali;etl 95% to 9c14 t.urtorrhspieerr,c:nnit.9l6owtoers.6%Consola " a'he N,,w nree-and-a-Quarter per Cents. nd r tAlbsequently There has been nothing a° 11 " 01 , Bank Stock. Exclicquer-bills have realised /8 3 . to The premium; it and India Bonds 90s. to 935. premiutn. intelligence from Greece has affected the market. 1 the Foreign Market there is a large business Ocumilz ta eruvian Bonds, which have risen to 7.1 3 A and Grenada One-and-a-Half per Cent. Bonds are,,l a nd 18 3 4 Chilian have risen to 101 and 1017 1 i ll t r u azilian to S 9. Mexican have been quiet at 29 1 / 41 '008 r sian Scrip is flat at 6to 3% premium. Spsn i t All Cents. are 37 to IA. Venezuela have been 3 4 er i c on the attention Low seems to he directed to South Ara investments. II v etobreAe ,n c c ,opEu The week's railway receipts are as under : 49 18 ' ed. 1850. „,„ , 7 .7 99. „ A. North-Western. £39,347 Bs. 4d. zag: 9 l s . l e '," South-Weston - ....0 7,089 12s. l ld. 3 487 l'i s ' ad. Ca!edcnian ......... X. 5,246 ss. Od. ' 3 6 Os. ~ South-Eastern - -.X 7,731 7s. 8d- 8,6 aau .-- , N o rte The Railway Share Market is dull to -day, Stafford, Midland, and Ca1ed0ni . a .. n ....... a . r ... e ..... c .. h .. e . a . ................ SKI TISH FUN DS fti is DAY AT ONE Ol'"" (From the Official List.) ae 96 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 967a ~ 9 5% 3 per Cent. Consols Anna 96163;4 3 per Cent. Annuities, 1726• 91v New 3 , 4 per Cent. inns. 93 /4/g ii.. 16 8 3 4 ° • Long Annuities, Exp. Jan. sth, lil6o India Stock ........... . ..................... -- Do. Bonds, 10001 • go p Ditto under 1.000! South Sea Stock .............. Ditto New Annuities ...... 99: ' I) •... 6% 96 2 Consols for Account ........--• ...... 9 2ds Exchequer Bills. 1 14 d• Jig* March. 5 8 61P 1,01,9?. 500/ 56 61 P Small — ON O 'CL C6S• RICE OF FOREIGN FUNDS AT 0- a Brazilian Bonds, 5 per Cent ....... i'' Buenos Ayres Bonds, 6 per Cent... -- „ 1 / Ditto for the Account ............ o ' l l 101 Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent •' 19 ''' Danish Bonds 1825, 3 per Cent.... ,na 1 Ditto, 5 per Cent .................. L"" 63 , 4 Grenada, 1% per Cent. ......... ..• 4 .i 4 5 % Ditto Deferred ..................... Mexican B011;8,1846,5 per Cent., 0 , 1 1 P° 11 ! fi 14 Ditto Ex Jan. Coupons ......... , 2 ; 1 / 4 1 / ,‘ Ditto Account 2 Peruvian Bonds, 4 per Cent.. ......• 7 5 7frA 9 - A Ditto for the Account ............. 3 0 OA - Ditto Deferred .. Russian Bonds. 1822, 5 per Cent-• 3 • -.% 3 P Ditto Scrip 37 „,/ th F;panis - h Bonds, 3 per Cont.. ••• •• 37 3/ - ,41 - Ditto for the Account .. •• •••••• ,„„ Venezuela Bonds ... Ditto Account ........ - ... Lond on- 00 - ividends on the above payable in „, e i, T 05 16 v BUSINESS DONE IN RAILWAY SIIARES .4-,..,,,5. .3‘ ',LB, zva.- • I RAILWAYS. PAID. ~ to ~u tiuckinghamshire.. alodonian ~o ... 12 l a ••• . to ~' Ditto, New 101. Preference 10 ... - 8 ., ... to •"" 'heater and Holyhead... 5O • 0 1 4 ' .... ~ to •- a Eastern Counties .... 2O ...... 770*** to ' Do. Eaten., 5 perct.No. 1,6/. 13s. 4d - P -.. to Do., d 0....... N 0 . 9,6/. 13s. 4d... 4 P'" ; to "" ' - diriburgh and Glasgow .N /,. '.treat Northern 2O ...... •• •• 10 lug , Do., 5 per Cent. Pref. G:•eat Western ... Ditto, Half Shares 50 ...... 33. ..... • to ~..„ Ditto, Quarter Shares 25 ...... 16%••• ". to B'4 Do. New 171 Lancashire and Yorkshire lOO ..... ..... 10 Ditto Half Shares Ditto Fifths • 10 .... 2 % ..... • to -'' Ditte. Thirds - 18 Leeds and Bradford 5O _ „.101 ....• to ...• Leeds and Thirsk ...-... .... Ditto, ditto... Do. Pref. Quarters, 1848.- 9 83 . .a . • to ....• Lund., Bright., & South Coastloo ..... t i 14. . London is North Weetern.....loo 110 43 4' to - " i i Do. New Quarters. London and S. Western --Jo:0 Midland ......- .... ........ ...100 Ditto, 50/. Sharea ..... ...... 30 ...... f 1 47 11 ..; to •-" `:"orfolk lOO ..... 27% .... to '*' S'orth British -.. . ........ . 25 .„..„ ..•••• ... to Ditto Pall Shares. ..... 1 2 1,4 5% ...... t. 0 , North Staffordshire..... ...... 17 1 i )xford, Worcester, and Wol- to 10 v,:rhainpton Reading, Guildfd., & Reigate 15 zyo ut II Wales Wear Valley 6 per ( .:ent. ' to "*. Guaranteed Do. do. do. ... 25 ----- 27 1 ,4 ... . .. t -- 0 ~„. Wilts, Somerset,Se Weymouth !:0 York, Newcastle, end iterwiek 25 Do. and Newer.stle Exten. 20 ...„ 10 1 4 3, ••• to •••• York and North - Midland .. 50 _ Ditto, Preference -• 10 ...... PA..' FOREIGN RAILWAYS. to Dutch Rbenisl , 8 Luxembourg .. 8 ...... 1 1 4: .... t o •••• Orlesns and Bordeaux ... .. 7 ..... 33, 3 / 4 •'' . to Paris & Strasbourg ..., ...... 12 ...... 6% ..... - to •••• Italian and Havre .. 20 ...... 10 ...... to ..., West Flanders 8a,4...... lA."'- Brazilian Imperial .... M. IN „ 2 E 4 S ....... -- l i i '' .. l " ;#l4 Ditto St. John Del Rey l5 . 137 a "" :;:to t° ". United Mexican 28% .......... 5 %.ch •• • •••• JOINTSTOCK 50 ZANIES. to . Australasia • British North American ... 40 i .•' se tt" ••.. London Joint Stock • ... •-• 17 %— CALEDONIAN SOCIETY.--The ann tla " .0' . 1 1 1: 111 : e ~T i, :- --- lball il- t tb . rational institution took place last erti el ' e ibe v „,:fl• lianover-.;quare Rooms. The members W °r e ti ss c d Kibe donian uniform, and, with their elegantly &coo, le d nen, gave a brilliant appearance to th e 9 prs . tog e t her rooms were decorated with flags and beee,"i"e ead, ° . - t erl here and there with the tartan of various c 4 . t i b 0 00 11- 00 1 national emblems. Dancinwas kept 111) j e l odid re 'ob' vigour till an early hour, after which It s P ere tted i t ° l it' was served in the supper-rooms. W e ,, r n e- rne re1 ; 9 11 011 serve that this anniversary was not e" - „„ ll ,,iion'r,eor tended as those we Lave seen on forme r " --. F * bet e - e asi • is full explained by a new society, wo o 0. 015 por d - oeio hers belong to this, having their first hs ll o f Ca le atri next. It is very creditable to the natives.o e fee' ne liso andthat la s: t lll i o a r Dar enthusiasm instittLT shouldarisi ] g e , o ,: u i tos t : : ert o gbecis ta i: : , ;fi t e r ° b:.: r r ie:o i t t; a.t a bn n i d ei that nterne all emulate each other in th e fl or e t the 1011 e a v t ol a e t a id ce. nav O e t l ir e r n e t a n d r e ta rs in c la an t, societies (the Royal Scottish) gale tEe Pi t " her P l olit e Park, last summer, and so much enjoyed theirh *Woe' and Prince Albert. The stewards and a to th e tr eote secretary, Mr. Gray, paid the utmost rega l ', t o act f ,rts and amusement of their friends, ° LI " - ite ledged having spent a delightful evening' ot ree t. f 10 inssp 4 ri A c ,t, toano ABERDEEN Per Gov er 1 ,4 0 nEt E ev E ti RAlLWAY,—The hn N EegnDgltTiavokenens—hpastiuniere ,r—ttoitii.aa y; e., t h t) op , too t . OO 1° 4 6 4 ° atteri h i ew l e d / 0 0; called to a paragraph in your PaPe r ' 7,, t f e r ee l 1i 8 :1 Costume," in which you allude to my PI fee' ",, 0 0 Lions in the make of outer or top-coate• / tell ' go la indet tal to you for your notice, but wbe° o f the'oor is calculated to convey a wrong imPre sgl° ,?tled °lac e ,: ventions, I think you will consider me en to in P r but '; full explanation. My aim has not beat • te r, ." 0 11 ` garment alike adaptel for summer or w i T o „afe A f er foO t ; render one made for either season more ta o eoOPJ .; variable climate. This is effected by tl f , o ot, 7 01 4 0 ,.1 which, when buttoned, conceals the inner ' bu t 11 ,1 3 0 It': the appearance of an ordinary over-cca t 'whee "e PP" - more complete protection for the chest. "„ e rse e ,,a for ditional front is left unbuttoned, the LIPP" 0 e s " te ° of f ri t t h ed e i b s u t g h g a ) t . of a frock and over-coat. W ,• h d e e tt i ‘ e it il e P O P driving, the ou is t r e o r sah f a r a on e t , can be brought ont - te l s ,d 0, its to tar y off all w- ,• e 1 lin ;a an le dn e dv t ei in tria g ona i n n tdo the lap; and when in a carets vel ece St • ,- ii p th rc e ' tects the knees. The ja rc i col t ' ;ref :t r i ii sleeve is applicable to every description ; to 0 fraction, so soon apparen a t r-e in s t o he di i s n P n :esreicils;.teliffljs;loB; • g Ou t • 0 0 I 0 further observe, t: at one object in talon G O d el was to enable gentlemen, through their Ol e, es ; 0 07 to obtain a garment differing in aPPe S I bf g a r s • t d ° utility, to anything hitherto prodeet"trad e "0 0 licenses to the respectable portion t.i. he trod NO 4 1 fling cost.—l am, Sir, &c., J. STovED , l' - ' 'site d 11-. 11 0 street.— herald. Tilfo llr ,6t 13 ii , MIDDLE TEMPLE.—Mr. JtPtiCe --` be Ir - jeo his Inn of Court, the Middle Temple , fy r u S o eeye r a t lyli since his elevation to the bench, at Alt% '',, s 1e 13 ,,/ i p ing yesterday. The L ear ned Judge w' sifg, a The it) o et &ended by the barristers and ttadents• sit he r Vice-Chancellor K. Bruce, the Eight Lierit . freac t z,ett Ryan, the Atchdeacon of Landon, the.ehars' ► Lincoln's Inn, Mr. Bethel!, Q.C., M r. Wb itsli a. Af'. and other bendier!, were present a t the , j • ji tTil o t tr; MANCHESTER.—STATE OF TRADYI .01, 0 ii, t i a l v ie e m nn ar n k h e a t n ie e re to l an no i tbeceinn tcineuierLrsicienconfreelet:beerr:elit)ed O h varr. There gi are five mills ab out to u Bolter. P ill ___ DIED A l Feq., of tLe Bengal 741,:dical Eltablishincnt. the v, c, On the .9th ult., at Boighten, On the 19th tar.,_ in St. Peter's•squarc,, ~. ~,,ic16,,:, B. Puffin, curate , f St. Peter's, liarninersinl;3 . pets', 11' L'imra, the wi fe 0f : 0 4 On the 2.-2 d ult., at Tio,bridge- wells, 'tg.? the lie 74, 7 4, a ged Hill, eldest son of T. W. Heil, Esq., late vi tary Service. ~ „ sm pto/If On the 25th ult., at Shirley, near Soutu o f Lieutenant-Colonel Russell DI alters, C. 1 3. ~,l i i 1) * 1 1 ? c ° I,,ndon: Printed and Publi:Ated by mul' of 6e. p o o ~o. 112, ;;;trrintl, Printer, at The S T "' zr, Ole Strand, in the Precinct of the SfvoY! Aliddloriez ; Friday, February 1 , 1850 ' . %) • ,-; I f