The Sun. — London, England, 1868-05-21 00:00:00

LAST DAYS OF CAPTIVITY IN MA=ALA. The very interesting letter of Lieutenant Prideaux in the Pall Mall Gazette furnishes many phases of life in Abyssinia which could not possibly have been supplied by the special correspondents of the moaning papers. The closing days of the captivity in Magdala form the subject of one or two graphic sketches. THE APPROACH OF THE BRITISH TROOPS. On the evening of Tuesday, the 7th of April, we received an intimation that we were to descend the mountain the following morning in order to have an interview with the King. We immediately concluded that we were not to return, and our apprehensions were not lessened when we learnt that all the native prisoners, some 500 in number, were also summoned below. At daybreak Mr. Flad came to us, accompanied by Bitwaddad Hassanee, the new chief of the Amba, and we were directed to dress ourselves quickly and make our way down. As we were passing out of the compound, beyond which we had ,not set our feet for nineteen months, the tears of our ser vants suft indicated the fate they believed to be in store for us. However, off we went, and in about half an hour reached the centre of Salamg4, where the King was seated on a stone, dressed in a richly-brocaded silk shirt, woven with gold thread, and white silk trousers—in short, presenting much the appearance of a harlequin. To our relief he politely accosted us, and, seeing that Cameron was much exhausted and fatigued, motioned him to a seat. He then moved forwards a few steps, and directed Rassam, Blanc, Cameron, and myself to seat ourselves nearhim. The rest of the prisoners remained standing at a respectful dis tance behind. While a tent which he had ordered to be pre pared for our reception was being pitched, the King entered into a desultory conversation with Mr. Rassam, in j the course of which he alluded to the story of Damocles, I indicating thereby the troubles which always impend over tht heads of monarchs. Twenty minutes were spent in this manner, at the end of which we were ushered into the tent which had been got ready for us, and where breakfast was brought to us after a short time. In the course of the day our tents and baggage were brought down from the Amba, and we were ordered by the King to put ourselves in the way we formerly used to do. Before this, however, he had been boasting much among his own soldiers, trying, as I believe, to keep up their spirits, which were Lather damped by the prospect of a speedy encounter with our troops. Among other things he told body of 250 men, whom he was despatching to Arogei, that directly they saw the English approach they were to fire off their pieces at them ; the English would reply, but directly they had fired one volley they would be unable to load again in time to withstand the shock of the ,Abyssinian spear ; " in which ease," added he, " you will enrich yourselves ' with spoil compared to which the rich dress I am wearing is but an insignificant prize." Before proceeding to the top of Selasse hill, from which he is in the habit of making his reconnaissances, he ordered the execution of seven prisoners, including the young wife and infant child of one of his servants who had escaped from Magdala a few months ago ; these were ruthlessly shot, and their remains flung over the nearest precipice. We saw nothing of his Majesty the next day, but in the afternoon received a message to the effect that he had seen the British troops descending the Bashilo, and had remarked among them four elephants and some white animals, which we surmised to be Berbera sheep. A short time afterwards a friend of ours (for we had a few friends at Magdala) came to Mr. Rassam, and implored us to keep within our tents, for the King was in a fearful passion, and was then issuing an order to kill all his native prisoners, who were confined in a few houses a couple of hundred yards off. The repeated discharge of firearms, which we heard soon afterwards, confirmed the sad story, and it was with many misgivings that we asked ourselves, " What next ?" At dusk, however, the King returned, and we returned to our tenth comparatively at our ease. From what I have heard it appears that the King rushed down mad with rage and arackee, and call ing out one of the prisoners, hacked him to pieces with his own sword. Another speedily met the same fate. The third was a boy about ten years of age. His youth and innocence (for it was his father who had been the offender) were no protection. He was mangled in the same way as the two others. The cutting and slashing went on in this manner for some time, when the King, finding this mode of execution too slow for his impatient spirit, ordered out the musketeers. The remainder were then quickly shot down, and thrown over the low cliff, the force of the shock in several cases opening the chains of the wretched victims. Those whose quivering limbs shewed any signs of life were fired on from above till the murderous work was completed. As we gazed on that dreadful heap of corpses, animated but a few days before with life and hope, no one could harbour the slightest feel• ing of sympathy which otherwise the fate of one would have elicited who like a brave man had met his own doom some short hours since. THE FIRST ENGAGEMENT. Early the next morning (Good Friday) we were informed by a message from the King that we were immediately to return to the Arabs., as being a place of greater security than Selamg6 in case of a skirmish. Before he lett he informed Mr. Rassam that in case he sent a messenger, or even if one of our servants were missing, the covenant between them would be broken. This looked much as if he viished to pick a quarrel with us, as it was quite impos sible for us in prison to prevent our servants going when they felt disposed. However, as the means of averting his anger, a conciliatory answer was returned through Mr. Flad. A few minutes afterwards a messenger arrived, bearing a letter from Sir Robert Napier, dated April 3, and demanding our release in civil terms. This the King refused to receive, and we immediately returned to our old prison-house, not sorry to escape from the dreaded presence of the incomprehensible monarch. In the evening we all of us heard the distant discharge of cannon many times repeated, together with what ap peared to be volleys of musketry many times. Confined in the small compound in which were situated our prison houses, it was impossible for us to glean intelligence from any one outside, and it was therefore only left to us to form our conjectures as to the mysterious sounds. They could only arise either from a conflict between the King and his English foes, or from his Majesty having a grand " fakaring," or boasting, down below, in which case he always fires his heavy guns. Our doubts were only set at rest very late in the evening, when they were solved most satisfactorily. Concerning the " battle of Fala" I shall say nothing. I was not there, and you will have learnt all the details from a thousand other sources long ere this. About 10 p.m. we were aroused - from sleep by the arrival of Messrs. Flad and Waldmeier, who were the bearers of a message from the King, to the effect that his troops had been defeated by the English, and that he wished to be re conciled to them. Mr. Rassam replied that the only way to bring about his object was to send an envoy with proposals of peace onhis part, and he would be happy to despatch one of the officers attached to the mission on his own part, naming me at the same time as the person whom he would be willing to send. Mr. Flad and his com panions then took their departure, but owing, to the vacillating temper of the King, did not return till after daybreak. I was then told to prepare myself, and as soon as I was dressed descended the hill in company with Mr. Flad, who had been sole messenger the second time. The King was sitting on a stone, dressed in his ordinary manner. He received us very graciously; and immediately ordered one of his best mules to be saddled for my use. Noticing that I was rather exhausted after our rapid Walk and almost sleepless night, he added to his gift a horn of mead, in order to refresh us on the road. We were then dismissed with the message, " I had thought before this that I was a strong man, but I have now discovered that - there are stronger. Now reconcile me." We then left him, accompanied by Dejaj Alame, his son-in-law, for the British camp at Aroge, where we arrived after a two hours' ride, and were warmly greeted by the many friends I had not seen for so long a time, and had scarcely expected ever to see again. Chief felt himself called upon to despatch us, however reluctantly, to the fortress. We took our departure, hoping for the best, but fearing the worst. This time no letter was handed to us, but simply a verbal communication of the same purport as the firmer note. It was growing dusk as we neared Selassd for the second time, and we were beginning to make the last ascent, when we encountered a European, accompanied by several Abyssinians. This proved to he Mr. Meyer, one of the German artisans, who communicated to us the welcome intelligence that the King had liberated Mr. Rassam, Dr. Blanc, Consul Cameron, and the remaining Magdala prisoners, and that they were now descending the hill ; news which was corroborated by the accompanying natives. On receipt of these tidings we turned the heads of our mules, and, in company with Mr. Meyer, arrived in the camp as the bearers of good news, not only to ourselves, but to every one of those who so eagerly surrounded us. Shortly afterwards Mr. Rassam and his party arrived, and it was with heartfelt gratitude that we laid our heads on the pillow that night, secure at last after so many dangers. In the course of the following morning the remainder of the Europeans, accom panied by their families, arrived. The King also, as it was Easter Sunday, sent a present of 1,000 cows and 500 sheep to the Commander-in-Chief, who, seeing that his Majesty had avoided complying with, perhaps, the most important terms of the communication addressed to him — namely, his own submission—had no option left but to decline them. From that moment the King must have clearly seen that two courses only were open to him — either to yield himself unconditionally to the British General or to make a stand on his amba and fight it out to the last. He chose the latter. SIR ROBERT NAPIER, G.C.B. Sir Robert Napier was born in Ceylon in 1810. He is only very distantly, if at all, related to the Sir Charles Napier whom the late Duke of Wellington delighted to honour. His father was Major C. F. Napier, of the Royal Engineers, who, whilst on duty in India, married the daughter of Mr. Codiington Carrington, of Black mans, Barbadoes. At an early age the eldest son of the marriage, Robert, was sent to England to be educated 'at Addiscombe. On his seventeenth birth day he entered the Royal Engineers, and, after passing through the ordinary routine, became captain in 1841, when just over thirty years of age. He served through out the whole of the Sutlej campaign in 1845-46. At Moodkee he was appointed chief engineer, and at the siege his horse was killed under him ; again, at Ferozeshah, his horse fell, mortally wounded, whilst two bullets had pierced his own body. He soon recovered ; and, as brigade-major of Engineers, in 1846, led the troops at Sobraon, and in the subsequent advance on Lahore, for which he received a medal and clasps, with the rank of brevet-major. In the same year he was appointed chief engineer to conduct the siege of the hill fort of Kangra; for his services in this expedition he received the special thanks of the Indian Government. At the siege of Mooltan, in 1849, he was severely wounded. Major Napier was next appointed com manding engineer of the right wing of the army of the Punjaub at the battle of Goojerat and in Sir Walter Gilbert's pursuit of the Sikh army, for which services he received a medal and clasps, with the rank of brevet lieutenant colonel. As chief civil engineer of the Pun jaub, Major Napier organised and initiated an extensive series of public works, which were honourably acknow ledged by the late Lord Dalhousie. In 1852 Colonel Napier commanded a column which defeated the Hussun zie tribe on the Black Mountain in Hazara ; he was also present with the expedition against the Boree Alfreedees in 1852.53, and again received the special thanks of the Indian Government for his services. In 1857 Colonel Napier was appointed chief engineer of Sir James Outram's staff, and was present in the several actions leading to the first relief of Lucknow, Mungulwar, and Churbagh. As chief of the staff of Engineers he took a most important part in the operations of Alum Baugh, and, as brigadier chief engineer, at the final siege of Lucknow in 1858, for which services the British Government appointed him a Knight Commander of the Bath. At the capture of Gwa lior Sir Robert commanded a brigade. He defeated Tantia Topee at Joura Alipour, and captured twenty-five guns. Whilst in command of the Gwalior division he bombarded and reduced the fort of Powrie. After five days' pursuit he surprised and defeated, with a squadron of the 14th Dragoons, Ferozeshah's force at Ranode. In 1860 Sir Robert Napier was present at Tanko, and with his divi sion and the whole of the artillery, in conjunction with the French division of General Collineau, he directed the operations ending in the storm of the North Taku Fort, and the advance and occupation of Pekin. During the time he was attached to the China expedition Sir Robert Napier twice received the thanks of Parliament. In 1861 he entered the Supreme Council of India as successor of Sir J. Outram, and retained his seat till 1865, when he was appointed to tLe command of the Bombay army. FEARFUL THUNDERSTORM. On Monday evening a fierce storm of thunder and lightning passed over Galloway and Dumfriesshire. At Dalbeattie the storm seems to have raged with terrific violence ; and the splendid mansion-house of Mr. Well wood Maxwell, M.P. for Kirkcudbrightshire, has fallen a victim to its fury. About half-past eight o'clock the house was struck by a ball of fire immediately over the nursery-room. A tongue of flame shot forth almost instantaneously, and in a minuts or two the inmates were made conscious of their danger by the lurid glare from the burning roof. Mr. Maxwell was absent in Lon don, and Mrs. Maxwell, with Miss Maxwell, were at Edinburgh. Besides the servants, the only members of the family at home were four of the younger children. Three of them had been put to bed, and of course atten tion was first directed to them. They were all got safely out, and through the kindness of Mr. Platt they were at once conveyed to Kirkennan House. A messenger was immediately despatched to Dalbe attic, and hundreds of the inhabitants were shortly on the spot rendering what assistance they could in saving the furni ture and checking the progress of the flames. Their efforts in the latter direction, however, met with no success, as the only means they had of procuring water was by bring ing it from the River Urr, in cans, a distance of about 200 yards. Meanwhile, a messenger had been sent to Dum fries for one of the fire-engines, and at eleven o'clock Superintendent Malcolm started from that town with an engine by special locomotive to Dalbeattie. When he arrived on the scene it was one of awful grandeur. The building was on fire in every part, and the crowds of men and women moving about, the shouts, the flames, the darkness, and the rattle of heaven's artillery almost realised one's notions of Pandemonium. The men worked with a will, and several ran considerable risk in endeavour ing to subdue the flames. All the best furniture had been saved, and the silver plate, including the splendid set pre sented to Mr. Maxwell about two years ago by the Castle Douglas Railway Company, was also secured. The fire was now raging fiercely in the rnuniment-room, and to this Mr. Malcolm directed the hose. lie succeeded in bringing it under, and it is believed that the contents of the safe have received no injury. It was nearly three o'clock in the morning when the fire was fairly mastered ; but during the whole of Tuesday it was found necessary to kelp pouring water into the ruins. The house is a massive granite building, and has been occupied only about nine years ; the naked walls are all that remain. The furni ture in the house was not insured, though the building itself was, and the destruction dune is immense, and must entail a considerable loss on Mr. Maxwell. A new publication has been registered under the title of the Dramatic News, and will make its appearance early in June. It will be devoted to matters entirely con nected with the musical and theatrical world. CHURCH AND STATE.— A. meeting of the whole council representing the United Kingdom branches of the THE CAPTIVES AS A MBAS SADORS OF PEACE. Church Association has been held at King's College, when After breakfast and a short stay in the camp we returned it was resolved : ",That it is essential that each member to his Majesty, bearing a letter from Sir' Robert Napier of the Central Council shall at onc e use his utmost endea couched in fir m b u t conciliatory terms, and assuring the King that, provided b e su b m i tte d to t h e Q ueen of England yours to promote, in his own district , demonstrations in tosupport of the United Church of En g land and Irel and , and brought all his pri soners an d t h e other Europeansand for the maintenance of the unio n of Church and State ;" the British camp, honourabl e t rea t men t wou ld b e accorded and arrangements were made for g ivin g p ractical eff ect to himself and to all his family. Wh en we arr i ve d h e was to the resolution. s itting on the brow of Saw-Ad, ov er l oo ki ng th e B r iti s h humour. pleasant camp, and apparently in anything but a LORD BROUGHAM.—Lord Brougham was witty Having been previously joined by Mr. Waldmeier, w , himself, as well as the cause of wit in others. Perhaps the presented ourselves before him and delivered to him the most humorous speech ever heard at a wedding breakfast letter, which was twice translated to him. At the conclusion was made by him whose memoirs are just now in all the of the second reading he asked in a d eliberate manner, Papers. He was asked to return thanks for the brides " What does honourable treatment mean ? Does it mean maids. He said something to this effect : "I am greatly that the English will help me to subdue my enemies, or flattered by being asked to return thanks for the brides does it mean honourable treatment as a prisoner? " I 1 maids, and I have been trying to determine for which of replied to him that on the first point the Commander. 1 my merits it is that I have been selected for the honour of representing th ese f a i r young crea t ures —whether for my in-Chief had said nothing ; that all his wishes were containecr in Lis letter, and that the English army had s youth, fo r my i nnocence, or for my b eauty. " I n th e en d he took credit t o hi mse l f, am i d the merry pea l s o f l aug h ter, ' mply coma: into the country t o rescue their fellow- for the pos s e ss i on o f a l l three. - - On ce a Week. trymcn, and, that object effecte!l, they would then This answer evidently pleased him but little. INTERESTING RELIC.—A lock of the late King of re-estaldishing himself by British a id were Theodore's hair, cut f rom hi s h ea d a f ter d eath by Captain .cit to the ground, and he had thenceforw ard to lead the C. F. James, deputy-assistant quartermaster-general, was .ccarious life of a brigand chief. His lips, always thin received in Plymouth on Tuesday, and as a matter of as a sword-blade, quivered nervously, the horseshoe on curiosity is now exhibited in a shop-window in George his forehead grew deeper, but, controlling himself, he street. Captain James, when about to start for Abyssinia, motioned us tv seat ourselves at a little distance from him jocularly promised a friend at Plymouth that he would while he dictated an answer to his chief scribe, and when bring back a leek of Theodore's hair. On Tuesday the it was finished called us forward, delivered it over to us, pledge was redeemed, a note accompanying it, in which and bade us depart. The pith of this incoherent epistle Captain James said : " I send you a real lock of King was simply that he had previously surrendered himself to Theodore's hair. I cut it off myself as soon as we found no man, and was not prepared to do so now. Our second his body in the gateway, and I assure you it is genuine. I stay in the British camp lasted about a couple of hours, little thought when I promised this in fun that it would he at the expiration of which time the Commander-in- : fulfilled in reality,",-....j,pstet7l Afmtftly IVcts_fi Ali hi hope THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 21, 1868. INFIDEL LITERATURE. The Pall Mall Gazette of Tuesday published some rather severe comments on Archdeacon Sinclair, who has recently delivered a charge on the state -of religion among the Working classes, and on the fearful increase of infidelity during the last half century. The Pall Mall Gazette objects, first, to the archdeacon's facts ; and, secondly, to his method of applying a re medy to the evil. We will not stop at present to consider the objection raised against the remedy, beyond remarking that the Pall Mall Gazette openly avows that it is impossible for men to be intelligible on such a subject as theology as now understood, or to make use of " homely and masculine" language, unless they hold homely and masculine doctrines. But this cannot be, urges the Pall Mall Gazette, until the fundamental problems of theology have been solved, until its foundations have been as securely laid as the foundations of astronomy. " In so far as the want of religion amongst the poor," it continues, " can be con nected in any way at all with the shortcomings of the clergy of the Church of England, it is due not to any fault on the part of the men, but to the difficulties of their position, diffi culties which can never be overcome except by a descent into fanaticism or an elevation to a new sphere, of which at present we can catch only occasional and doubtful glimpses." What that new sphere may be of which the Pall Mall Gazette itself " can only catch occasional and doubtul glimpses," we cannot even under take to guess ; it is, however, self-evident that is not Christianity with its homely and mas culine doctrines and its supernatural faith. But this negation of the supernatural character of religion among the intellectual classes, though unaccompanied, as the Pall Mall Gazette justly remarks, by " the coarseness and levity of anti- Christian writers of the eighteenth century," reacts unfavourably on the working classes. We are surprised to find the Pall Mall Gazette in doubt as to the. existence, not only of prac tical heathenism, but of a widely circulated infidel literature in the great cities of England. It seems not to be in the least aware of the extent and character of the writings which, as Archdeacon Sinclair declares, are " issued daily, monthly, and yearly from the press by millions." The Pall Mall Gazette wishes, at least, that " the archdeacon would mention names." " There used some years ago," it adds, "to be a small Secularist paper called the Reasoner, but it has been given up for several years, and its circulation was exceed ingly small." Has the Pall Mall Gazette, how ever, never heard of the National Reformer, which, in spite of the objections of respectable newsvendors to keep it on their counters, and of the absolute refusal of many booksellers to supply it, enjoys, nevertheless, a large circula tion? We wish we had space to quote at length some pasaiges from the Rev. Dr. Vaughan's thoughtful pamphlet on " Popular Education in England, for we might then adduce evi dence in abun dance, both as to the character and wide circulation of cheap publications, not only, as the Pall Mall Gazette imagines, inde cent,' and pandering to a vulgar taste for hor rors, but aimed directly against Christian faith. We will, however, " mention the names" — as the Pall Mall Gazette doubts the existence of this kind of popular literature—of some of these atheistical and secularist tracts. One is entitled " A Plea for Atheism." It says : " God is an abstract word coined to designate the hidden force of nature, or rather, it is a mathematical point, having neither length, breadth, nor thickness." Another tract, " Is there a God?" has sold at the rate of a thousand a month. Other tracts are : "Has Man a Soul?" which has already gone through nine editions. " Who was Jesus Christ ?" " Jesus, Shelley, and Malthus." " The Bible; what it is: being a Freethinker's Commentary." " God, Man, and the Bible ; three nights' discussion with the Rev. Dr. Baylee." " Christianity and Secu larism contrasted ; two nights' debate with W. Hutchings, Esq., at Wigan." " Why do Men starve ?" The " Baylee debate" has had an extraordinarily large circulation ; and Mr. Holyoake has sold nearly 50,000 of the "Logic of Death "—a horrible work. " The sale of such literature among the masses," says Dr. Vaughan, " is rapidly increasing ; and the mischief it works, like a poison in the soul, is not to be estimated. We learn, not only from abundant public evidence, but also from a reliable private source—from a person who, unfortunately for himself, has had for years the best means of forming an accurate judg ment—that Atheism proper is certainly and most decidedly rapidly increasing. I judge this,' he says, especially from the applause of the largest audiences, and my general cor respondence with English atheists,' &c. These samples may suffice to give an idea of the food which is being served out with untiring zeal to tens and hundreds of thousands all over the country." If, as the Pall Mall Gazette observes, Mr. Bradlaugh had, on account of his atheistical views meeting with so little favour, to leave the committee of the Reform Association, he, nevertheless, finds such favour with the work ing men as to attract crowded audiences at the secular halls. These lecture halls abound in London and the more populous cities of In face of advertisements such the country. as the following few will agree with the Pall Mall Gazette that, however bad cheap lectures and publications may be, " they do not touch upon religions subjects at all " :—" The Secu lar View of the Future," " The Lies of Reli gion," " The Prophet of Nazareth : an In quiry into the Character of Jesus Christ," " The Religion of Action," " Crimes of the Bible God," " Secular Education for the People," " Secularism and the Soul," " The Festival of the Dead, or what we owe our Ancestors." " The greatest extensionoaf secularist views," says the writer to whom we have already alluded, " appears to be in Lancashire and Yorkshire, where large numbers may be found in every town ; next, probably, in London ; then in Newcastle and its neighbourhood ; then in Glasgow; next in Northampton, where the great popularity of extreme free-thinking views is of recent date. To listen to such lectures, audiences of 700 persons will meet in the London halls, which are small. In North ampton the theatre, when hired for the pur pose, holds about 600. The attendances at Huddersfield average 1,000; at Bradford, 600; at Leeds rather less ; at Halifax, 800 ; at New castle, 800. At Liverpool, Birkenhead, Bir mingham, and other places the largest halls obtainable for the purpose are filled." Of course it is very unfair, as the Pall Mall Gazette observes, to make a dead set against the working classes, and to leave unnoticed the state of religion among the rich. It is abundantly evident that the State Church, with all its appliances, its riches, power, and influence, with its educated clergy, who, as the Bishop of Oxford curiously remarked—backed by the voice of the nation maintaining the establishment--may, as they otherwise could not, boldly proclaim the Gospel in the face of their betters, has utterly failed in attracting the working classes ; but is it less evident that Protestantism has failed to uphold Christian faith in the intellectual classes ? The Times, indeed, commenting ou Arch deacon Sinclair's account of the irreligion of . the working classes and their absence from the public services of religion, suggests that the difference between them and the middle and upper classes is more apparent than real ; " for," says the Times, " attendance at church is in a great degree a mere matter of social custom. It is as much a fashion among certain classes to go to church as to wear a particular cut of clothes, and many of the working men aejust s tusyt who as a gwoa little I Socialg In eli other-who stay a w ay h av e just as much religious feelin g as th e men o f th e m iddl e an d u pper classes go to church in obedience to social custom only h iou e s us f t e o e m lin; asa great those who have power in England, an d it s influence still tends to keep up an appeara nceo f respect for religion. It is stronger in the Count r y th an i n t own , an d religious words, men who this explains why so many men who never go to church in London never fail to put in an appearance at church in the country. But, after all, strong as social custom is, it is but a slender thread on which the religion of the country has to depend. Old customs are giving way before our eyeS ; habits social, poli tical, and religious are changing with a rapidity which the last generation never dreamt of. If the Church of England, which has enjoyed almost every earthly advantage for the last two hundred years, is powerless to teach Chris tianity to the working classes, and depends only on social custom for the attendance of the men of the middle and upper classes at its public worship, then surely are its days numbered. Not only is its disestablishment near at hand, but the failure of Protestantism as a systpm of religion for the educated as well as for the poor, will on that day, when social custom yields to newer impulses and wider sympathies, be manifest to the nation.—West minster Gazette. Berlin ; and such a conviction might very quickly lead to serious consequences. We may then see much sooner than we imagine the most violent adversaries of Prussia imploring its protection with outstretched arms. In this sense what is now taking place in Vienna may be of immense importance for the rest of Germany. Count Bismarck is perfectly right when he says that the Liberals of the South wish to be united with Prussia, whilst the Conservatives are opposed to such a union. In fact, the Conservatives will be the only supporters of the South German Governments if these Governments make up their minds to preserve their independence. This is known at Berlin, and Count, Bismarck has no hesita tion in avowing that the Conservatives were in a majority in South Germany. The Liberals reply, indeed, that this majority is composed of the least intelligent part of the population; but Count Bismarck does not care for this distinction. He only values people as they pay taxes and furnish soldiers. He knows that in a constitutional country, the will—enlight ened or not—of the people ought to be pre ponderant, and that in imposing by means of Parliamentary forms, the will of the minority on the country, is the sure road to anarchy. It is on this account that Count Bismarck treats the Liberals with such disdain. After having said that Prussia might, if it wished, make concessions to the Conservatives or the reac tionists, as they are called, he hastened to add that it could not do so to the Liberals without sacrificing its main object; therefore, counting the Liberals for nothing, he looked upon South Germany am COnservative, and thus it. is that he could say : Why do the South Germans not wish to unite with us ? It is not because they do not find us Liberal enough, but be cause they find we are too much so. The Historisch-.Politische Blotter, in explaining this paradox, says it is certain that the Prussian Government is not Liberal in the ordinary ac ceptation of the word. Count Bitimarck does not hesitate to avow it, and hence it is that the Liberals of South Germany make it, at least in appearance, an absolute condition of their adherence that Prussia should become Liberal. They want guarantees that unity should not be brought about at the expense of liberty ; that is to say, in reality, they want to secure the absolute domination at Berlin of the middle and professional classes, of which their party is chiefly composed. The Prussian Government does not yield to this Liberalism. It was not Liberal ideas which gained the battles of Bohemia. On the contrary, it was those very ideas which, before the illumination of Sadowa, prompted as many petitions against the warlike policy of Count Bismarck as the King of Prussia had soldiers under arms. The only essential relationship between the new policy of Prussia and Liberalism is the contempt of e very right and of every law as often as_ it is thought that they may be violated without danger. On this score, it is certain that the policy of Count Bismarck is much too liberal for the Conservatives of South Germany. The annexations of the North only showed too well the close relationship which exists between the recent policy of Prussia and vulgar Liberalism. If the Southern States were not annexed at the same time as Hanover, Nassau, Electoral Hesse and Frankfort, it was because of the fear of France ; this much, at least, is proved and avowed. The Liberals of South Germany seem bent on driving the people into the arms of Prussia. But the South Germans say that one despotism is better than two, and since they know the weight of Liberal despotism, they might well prefer the despotism of Prussia. This is Count Bismarck's hope, who cannot watch but with pleasure the activity of Liberalism in the South. The moment that the Conservatives are more worried by Liberal despotism than frightened by Prussian despotism, Prussia has gained the day. After stating that Austria declines hence forth:" taking an active part in the affairs of Germany, and that it is turning its attention more and more towards the Magyars, and that .it has abdicated its claims as a Catholic power, the Historisch Politische Matter thus concludes its remarks on the Bismarckian policy—" If Prussia could obtain the continuance of peace, it might meet the future without unquietude. At Berlin everything is to be feared from a war. We may envy the assurance with which Count Bismarck refuses to make concessions to South Germany. But who will answer for it that, in its love for peace, Prussia will not arrive at an understanding with France by concessions which will make Prussia, indeed, larger, but Germany smaller? This has already happened at Luxemburg. The surrender of North Schleswig, in conformity with the trea ties, will be a second step in the same direc tion. Thus it is that Prussian policy suffers the penalty of its community of principles, and of its alliance with Liberalism. If, after the victory of Sadowa, regard had been paid to existing and historic rights, there would have been no need to have had recourse to the treacherous and two-edged principle of nation alities. Germany would have remained united ; every pretext for intervention would have been taken away from the Emperor of the French, and the article concerning North Schleswig would have had no place in the treaty of eace. ” MINING INTELLIGENCE. Despatches to the 26th March, received at San Francisco from Idaho, tell how two mining com panies endeavoured to settle a difference. They came to blows underground, and in the charge, J. C. llolgate, of the Golden Chariot, was killed, and Meyer Frank, of the Ida Elmore, was mortally wounded, and has since died. It appears that three com panies are working the same ledge at different points —the New York, Ida Elmore, and Golden Chariot —and that the partition wall between the Ida Elmore and Golden Chariot having been lately cut through, the fact was made apparent that such was the case. Each party determined not to be ousted, hence the fight. The ledge is undoubtedly ane of the richest in Owyhee, and has already turned out considerable bullion. What the final result will be can only be conjectured, but it is ap parent that more blood will be shed before it is ended, as both parties have positions well fortified within gunshot of the two mines, with 50 men armed to the teeth on each side. Probably reflect ing on the consequences, and seeing that a fight might end in annihilation, when the third company might cut in and carry off the plunder, it is now expected that an adjustment would take place. By later intelligence we learn that on the 30th March, in obedience to a proclamation from the Governor, presented to the belligerents by the United States Marshal, who told them it mnst be at once obeyed, they agreed upon boundaries and disbanded their forces. This was certainly a more sensible resolve than to fight it out " on that line," the conclusion formally arrived at, the Ida Elmore party prepar ing hose to eject hot steam and water on their an tagonists. The Golden Chariot is turning out some of the richest ore, described as pure native silver, held together as it were by leaves and threads of gold. A writer states that in different places he saw ore so rich that the gold and silver could be detected by the light of a candle. The Ida Elmore ore is of much the same quality, and so extraordi nary is the wealth of the ledges that one cannot be surprised at the steps the miners have taken to assert their claims. A new strike in the Oro Fine is also stated to be all that fancy painted it, and the lower drifts of the Potosi Mine is growing richer and richer as the work deepens. In all the ore gold is mixed with silver, but the silver greatly predominates. chiefly in the form of black sulphurets, thoegh pure native silver abounds, sometimes beautifully crystal lized. The Montana Post asserts that labour is becoming scarce throughout the Basin, $7 a day with a guarantee of employment all summer, are freely offered, and this, it must be remembered, is not in greenbacks, but in gold. Idaho, from all accounts, is looking up. It is clear from the ac counts received from all the mining districts that there will be. great activity this summer in develop ing the mines. The daze at the outlet of the Humbolt Lake, Nevada, had broken, overflowing the banks below. Governor Fall is building a mill, which he expects to complete by the 15th May (yesterday), working 20 stamps. The Montezum% smelting works at the end of March shipped 3,7771 b. of fine bullion. For the week ending March 31st Wells, Fargo, and Co. shipped from their offices in Austin, Nevada, and Gold Hill, 6,680 pounds of assayed bullion, valued at $214,733 79. The mining companies in that vicinity are progressing very favourably. Many that had hitherto done but little work are being developed. The exprt of ore is rapidly increasing, and the season promises to be very favourable. Many miners who contemplated going to Sweet water have given up the intention. All the local journals write hopefully of their prospects, antici pating a great future. The Reese River Reveille says :—" The Titnoke, in Lander Ilia, is produc ing extraordinary ore from its deepest workings. The assay of the pulp of two tons which have just been reduced at the Manhattan Mill gave a yield of silver exceeding one thousand dollars per ton. The Florida mine, which never looked so well as at present, either as regards the quality of its ore or the appearance and size of its vein, will produce a fine lot of bullion for the month of February. It has sent 70 tons of ore to Murphy's California Mill for reduction, which will be completed on Monday next, the average yield of which will exceed poo of silver, coin valuation per ton. This fine ore was extracted from the lowest level, which is 400 feet on the incline. Some ore from the Murphy mine, of the Twin River Com pany, was amalgamated in the mill of the company a few days slice, after roasting in the Stetefeldc chloridiziug furnace. The bullion was found to be 880 fine; whil© the proportion of gold was about six times greater than in the same ore roasted in reverberatory furnaces." RICH ORE FROM WHITE PlNE.—Specimens of singular-looking ore have been brought into the city from the White Pine district and deposited at the office of Boalt and Stetefeldt for assaying. It was most unlikely-looking stuff to yield silver, and ap peared to be mere breccia of quartz and slate. Of two specimens assayed the yield was as follows : No. 1, $1,737 75c. ; No. 2, $657 09c. The ore was obtained from the Hidden Treasure ledge, which developes immense masses of it. It is imbedded between slate and limestone, and it had been cut through 15 feet without reaching the upper wall. Miners on the ground pronounced the queer stuff worthless, and several bets were made that it con tained only very little silver. The large buttons produced from half ounces of the pulp astonished even the assayers. The Humbolt Register, March 7, says--" Th e Essex Mill is about ready for ore. On the evening of the 29th of February the shrill voice of its whistle could be heard for miles around. The first business for this mill is the reduction of one hun dred and fifty tons of ore from the Monroe mine, after which it will be kept busy on the Essex and Empire mines." Our readers may probably not be aware that the Empire and Essex are extensions of the Tallulah lodes. There are four companies there established ; three of the claims more or less developed, while the fourth, lying between the Tallulah and Empire, belongs to the Humbolt Silver Mining Company, now offered in the London market. A London paper, professing to be a guardian of in vestors, appears to think that Nevada is a populous . city ! not far from San Francisco, and that if the mine was what the proprietors represent it, any amount could be there raised to develope the lodes. The Empire and the Essex have been developed, the Tallulah was offered in London, but the owners considered it too valuable to sacrifice on the terms only then obtainable here, so it was withdrawn. The Empire and Essex each extend 1,200 feet, while the claim of the Humbolt is 1,465. The Guardian has not the faintest idea of the wealth of the State of Nevada, and we dare say is as ig norant of the fact that money can only be obtained even on the best security at the rate of 3 per cent. per month. That the lodes are worth an outlay of capital even on such terms, in the opinion of the people of Nevada, is clear from their action, and to say that a mine is worth working in Nevada is simply to say it is immensely rich. M. C. Vincent, Esq., Fellow of the Royal Geological Society of London, has just returned from Nevada, and has published a report, to which we will hereafter al lude, of the Belmont Silver Mining Company. The property is almost within the town of Belmont, with 13 acres in the central part. Mr. Vincent says, " I have examined many of the principal silver and other mineral regions of the world, and have seen none more free, probably not so free from adverse considerations as this." Aside from the almost unpre cedented merits of the deposits, he goes on to enume rate circumstances which tend to give so great a value to the property, concluding " that it could scarcely be surpassed in real attractiveness." This is the opinion of a gentleman alike qualified scientifically and practically to form one, and is the result of a close personal inspection of Nevada, not years ago, nor mouths ago, but a few weeks back. The Daily Colorado Herald writes :—" Our silver works were unable to begin operations until late in the season last year. They were small and imperfectly con structed. There was a want of capital and a want of experience, yet we produced over four thou sand pounds of silver. This year we begin early, with works of increased capacity, with enlarged ex perience and greater confidence. We will turn out enough silver this year to pay for all the bad invest ments and mismanagements of the past. We will more than double our present monthly shipments of bullion before the summer is over. There is a better opportunity to invest in silver property now, on reasonable terms, than ever before, because there need be no hazard about it. A piece of property can be tested on a legitimate working basis, and its real value ascertained." The Montana Gazette says Mr. Paddock, Recorder of El Dorado Bar, has shown us a splendid specimen of ruby sapphire, weighing over six carats. Weis the largest specimen of stone yet found on this famous bar, and is of great value. Several other specimens of sapphire have been found and tested ; one of them, of bluish colour, is highly prized by lapidaries, being used for cutting and polishing other diamonds." Goy Haight of California pocketed and killed sixty hills of the late Legislature in that State, among them those for the promotion of silk culture and beet sugar making. Wilkes's Spirit affords the following items :—Obituary. —The celebrated Abyssinian stranger, known here as the Cynocephalus, whose reflective face and equestrian grace were the theme of universal admiration and applause, has passed away. The disease which thus cruelly cut short the dazzling career of this bright ennament of " the pro fession " was inflammation of the lungs, superind iced by exposure attendant upon an unremitting devotion to pro fessional duties. He expired on Saturday last, with more than Christian resignation, in the arms of his beloved friend and trainer, Monsieur Olivier, whose agony of soul at the dissolution of his friend and his own financial prospects was harrowing in the extreme. The almost con temporaneous demise of two of the greatest of modern Abyssinians—King Theodore and the Cynocephalus —in opposite quarters of the globe, is a singular phase of the theory of chance. Lucille Western is in Syracuse. Maggie Mitchell and James Collier are in Chicago. Theatricals in Salt Lake are flourishing. Providence, Rhode Island, has got the "White Fawn" badly. The gross receipte of places of amusement in Chicago for the month of March were :—Ar lington's Minstrels, $4,621; D uprez and Benedict's Minstrels $1,522 75; M'Vicker's Theatre, $ll,BBl 75 ; Opera House, $59,110 55; Wood's Museum, $9,873 10 ; South American Museum, $268 40 ; Tom Thumb, $3,011 90; Hess, C. D. and Co., $14,527 09 ; German Theatre, $1,306 05. Louisa Gross, professionally known as De Vernon, has sued for a divorce from her husband, William Uross, an actor for merly in Wood's Museum in Chicago. Chanfrae is in Chicago. Lotta the Marchioness is in Cincinnati. Mr. and Mrs. Billy Florence have sail d for England, Ireland, and Wales. Fanny Morant secedes from Wallack's next season, and marches under the banner of Booth. Dickens gave M. P. Wild, his tieket agent, a check for $l5O as a mark of respect and gratitude. Mr. Wild intends to pre serve the document unchanged as an autographic memento of his distinguished friend. Ethiopian delineators and circus attractions monopolize the amusement world of New Orleans. ------- All receive with satisfaction the announcement, that in consequence of the Reduction in Duty, Hornintan s Pure Teas are sold Bd. per pound Cheaper. 2,500 Authorised Agents—Confectioners in Lentiou and Chemists in the proviuces—supply florniman's Tea only in Packets. SETH GREEN'S PISCICULTURE IN TB. UNITED STATES. (From the Anglo-American Times.) The American Fishery Commissioners have issued a report regarding fish in the United States. It is shown that the supply is decreasing both in the rivers and on the coast, and that the remedy lies in artificial breeding. Seth Green, of Mum ford, Rochester, New York, who has induced the commissioners to try experiments on a gigantic scale, believes that the lakes and streams of the United States may be so stocked with all kinds of fish that " the people won't be able to catch 'em out if they try." Of the eggs hatched. but one is spoiled in every thousand, and those who know what the destruction is when the fish are left iu a natura state to spawn may imagine the swing. The com missioners say that the ponds for trout breedinz ought to be five, of an 'acre each, which would be sufficient to rear a million fish. The secret con sists in feeding the young till able to feed them ,selves, and protecting them from becoming the prey of otter fish. Sath Green has been most successful in shad, and we learn tliat the inte resting experiments in shad-culture which were begun at Holyoke, Massachusetts, last year, will be resumed shortly under his personal inspection. The following letter in Wilkes's Spirit, of May 2, gives an amusing account of a couple of green-horns, at the Mtimford Ponds :—llnving occasion to spend a short time in the Flour City, I cast about for some amusement, and was told that Seth - Green's trout ponds were only about an hour distant by rail ; and as I had about every other kind of sport bt.t fly fishing, and never had had time and oppor tunity till now to try that, I procured a letter of introduction from a leading citizen to Seth Green, requesting him to show us every attention in his power; and so, in .company with my partner Harry, jumped on the 10 o'clock train, and soon found ourselves at Caledonia. After reading the letter, Seth asked us if we understood the art of casting the fly, and being answered in the negative, he produced an elegant Hornbeck rod, presented to him by Mr. Dexter, of Boston, and proceeded to give us lessons. He then took us in his boat and paddled us a few rods up a brook, where we could see trout of all sizes and in vast numbers. We asked him if we could fish, and he said, " Oh, yes ; fish as much as you please ; you cannot catch any. Harry wondered why, and askel him if they would not rise, or if Green could catch any. He answered that he supposed he could catch a hundred, but we could not. Very indignant, and supposing he was joking us, we determined to catch some of those trout if we stayed a week ; so he told his son to take his rod, and go with us and let us fish the Hornbeck, being too precious to be entrusted with greenhorns. We had but one rod between us, and each in turn tried his hand and got several rises, but never a fish. After trying patiently some hours, we spied Green peeping around the corner of the house and laugh ing at us. Seeing that we saw him, he called out, " Spit on your bait," and then brought out his own rod and hooked and landed several trout from under our very noses. Harry determined to try fresh tactics—procured some worms and caught several little fellows, of which sportsmanlike proceeding I warned him I should notify the Spirit, but he kept on calling out " IVorins ahead" at each rise, and laughing at me for not being able to catch any with my fly. Finally, finding it was no go, I, with Seth's permission, cast the fly in one of his little pools, where four or five thousand great big trout were kept, and then I had sport. Harry joined me, and in a few minutes we had eight and a half pounds of splendid trout. These breeding ponds have often been described in your paper, but it was a great treat to see thirty or forty thousand large trout in a space a few feet square, and see their eager jumping when being fed with chopped liver, and how they would actually jump into the tin pan which Seth held down to the edge of the water ; and one huge trout actually grabbed a big iron spoon that Seth held down with some liver in it, taking the whole bowl -in his mouth and almost carrying it away with him. Here we also saw nearly half a million young trout of different ages, and were shown the entire system of breed ing. The writer, Harkaway, was back in Rochester by the evening, and he carried his trout to the little hotel, the Congress Hall, where he and several friends had a hearty supper. AIWNG TIIE SHAKERS.—Amcng the rules posted in the office of a hotel in a Shaker village in New Hamp shire is the following: —" Married persons tarrying with us over night aro respectfully notified that each sex occuPY separate sleeping apartments while they remaiu." Some time sine,: a newly married couple, on a little bridal trip, visited the Shakers. The evening was spent in talk; bed time came —and the couple ware invited to sleep. They passed out of the office, up stairs, there saw two sober faced Shakers, a "brother" and " sister," each with a candle. "Man to the left !" said the brother, and into a room he escorted the bridegroom. " Woman to the right!" as quietly said the sister, and into a separate rooin the bride was ushered—the newly-made man and wife separating without even a good-night kiss. In the interim of the House sessions, General SLhenck is busily at work on the Tax Bill, and will repoli it for action and consileration at an early day, and for his labours on this important and intricate subject, while 1 116 fellow Representatives are recreating at home or dawdling attendance on the Impeachment trial, he deserves the re ward of a faithful servant. Other matters of consequenc e also await decision, but the result of the Impeachmen t trial will determine the character, even move decisively than the time, of the future legislation. I ADVERTISEMENT.] —Holloway's Pills.—Remedy and Regimen.—The most serious subject en which man 01 1 meditate is the maintenance of good health in himself and in the dear ones around him. Whenever or wherever illness assails us it always sends before it unmistakeabl e symptoms of its approach ; subdue these by Hollow a l! corrective and purifying medicine, aided by a plain, 50, ple, digestible diet, and the attack, 'deprived of its powt: r ful allies within the body, passes harmlessly by. Yalb, discomfort, and danger are alike averted, and when CPr demics rage whole households are spared a mournful visi tation. Disease is always occurring at all hours of the day—at all seasons of the year; prudence, therefore , gi ve , the warning to keep this remedy ready to remove In staetly defective actions. iiinatnirriszuENT.l—Da Barry s Delicious Health Restoring fievalenta, Arabica Food, which contains three times Oe. nourishment of the best meat, saves fifty times its cost in One' remedies, restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lunB 9 ' healthy liver, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and ener ga to the most disordered or enfeebled, removing speedily n° effectually indigestion (dyspepsia), habitual constipati on, diarrhoea, hemorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, nervous' ness, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, colds, hal:tuna': noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, er n ?, tions, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity, pitation, heartburn, headache, debility, dropsy, cramps, spllnn i .', nausea, and sickness, sinking fits, coughs, asthma, bronni t t incipient consumption, scrofula, tightness of the chest, pains the pit of the stomach, between the shoulders, &c. We quo °pa few out of 63,000 cures :—The Pope's health restored by, Barry's Food.—Cure No. 63,413. "Rome, July 21, 1866.--'w health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since , a bs D y cloning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirelya Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consume eg. plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly.benTs cial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot pi:aiso July excellent food too highly."—From the "Gazette du Mid i . 25. Cure No- 49,82.—" Of fifty years' indescribable agony Tr u „,, dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, consipation, flat.uley-;;, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomiting?' Maria .1 4 -;: f - 3 7 ,', Wortham, Ling, near Dies, Norfolk.—Cure No. 47,121.-- ,1 '4 0 , Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, li r ite of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low and nervous fancies. Important Caution.—Beware of th unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, withr authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously atta,clat. In tins at Is. Itd.; 1 lb., 2s 9d. ; 2 lbs., 4s. 61,; 5 lbs. 1 1 ,7, / , 12 lbs., 225.; 24 lbs., 40s.—BARRY DU BARRY and Co., Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason, 10 plcca 2931 and at 61, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheapside; 63, 150, an Oxford-street ; 330, Strand and all grocers said chemists Births. FARQUHAR—On the 18th inst., at Carlogie, Aberdeenshire, the wife of Admiral Farquhar, of a son. SCOTT On the 18th inst., at Wouldham Court, Mrs. Jo ll° Scott, of a daughter. ire TALBOT —On the 19th inst., at 43, Camden-square , the vc of Augustus Blaquiere Talbot, Esq., of a son. Marriages. Ne st Bnowx—Woon—On tho 16th inst., at St. Luke's, Holloway, William Henry Brown, Esq., of Fenc"%-est street and Denmark-hill, to Sarah Elizabeth, el daughter of the late Francis Wood, Esq. rfte DRAKE —BATEmAN -On the 19th inst., at St. Church, Joshua Drake, of Oxford-street, andof pa c e, Streatham, a c e, Streatham, third sou of Thomas Drake, '7OO, Park Lodge, Peckham-rye, Surrey, to Harr:et J 621, youngest daughter of William Bateman, Esq., ef Fitzroy-square, London. Deaths. CIIETWODE— On the 18th inst., at Leamington, 1"f:ill! Chetwode, daughter of the late Sir John and 1 ,3 "" Chetwode, of Oakley, Staffordshire, aged 71. n cler JONES—bn the 19th lust., Mr. Geo. Jones, of 24, kilc)- ley-street, Islington, aed 67. BOO' MUSKERRY— On the 19th inst., in London, the Bight - Lord Muskerry. T,A . O Or SUNDERLA:SD—On the 16th inst., at London - r oad, ter, Thomas Sunderland, Esq., aged 50. - London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM 02. of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tits SUN °ince , of Strand, in the Precinct• of the 3? voy, in the Ceu hiladleaex.—Thursday, May 21, 1808. 7HE POLICY OF COUNT BISMARCK. The Historisch-Politischeßlatter is of opinion that Count Bismarck has given vent to his ideas on the unity of Germany, in a very origi nal fashion, in answer to a speech of Herr Waldeck in the Prussian Chambers. That deputy is a democrat, a warm partizan of German-Prussian unity. In his zeal for this unity he reproached the Prussian Government with being, on account of its anti-Liberal tendencies, the greatest obstacle to this beauti ful dream. " The South," he said, repels the idea of a confederation with the North, because it regards the Prussian Government as a feudal and absolutist Government. The South Germans do not wish for unity at the expense of liberty. Count Bismarck, without troubling himself to inquire whether there were any advantage or not in being Liberal, put the question differently : " Why," said he, "do not the South Germans wish to, come to us ; it is not in my idea because we are itot Liberal, but because we are too Liberal." The ratioci nation of Count Bismarck is very simple. Reviewing the Southern States, he perceives that the most Liberal of these States is also the one where the Prussian tendencies are the most pronounced. The State he is alluding to is the Grand Duchy of Baden. And is Count Bismarck not right in concluding that the Liberals of the South want nothing better than to be united to Prussia, whereas it is the Conservatives or the reactionary party who do not desire such a union ? Herr Waldeck, the Liberal, was refuted on the spot. But Count Bismarck did not content himself with this easy triumph, and going on he explained one of the motives of his policy, which it con cerns us to note : "If we would or if we could make some concessions in favour of the South in a reactionary sense, we could easily obtain a majority in favour of a junction with the Confederation of the North." These words ought to make Austria reflect, for it is not a matter of doubt that Count Bismarck finds great elements of success for Prussia in the Liberal stupidities which abound in Vienna. On the morrow of this passage of arms between Deputy Waldeck and Count Bismarck, the Berlin correspondent of the Neue Freie Presse of Vienna, after having recalled the fact that on that day fifty years ago, the emigrants from Salzbourg entered Berlin amidst the accla mations of the people—a more signal triumph for the Prussian monarchy than that of Sadowa --thus sorrowfully bewails the present state of things in Berlin : " The Church bells are ring ing still, a triduum of prayers is ordered. In x a the morning there will be High Mass, in the evening e sermon solemn on ß doingenedi penance, and all onction, and on Sunday n account of the deplorable state of the Ch urc h —in Aust r i a . V er ily, Catholicism may cast a glance of satisfaction on itself in the metropolis of Protestantism. Before 1848, in the whole of the province of Brandenburg, there were only three Catholic churches, and according to the saying of Pope Gregory XVI., that of Berlin was a stable, that of Spandau a shed, and that of Frankfort a workshop. Now, in Berlin alone, the Catholics have the church of St_ Iledwiges and that of St. Michael. This latter, the largest and most beautiful church in Prussia Proper, is situated in the most populous quarter of the capital. There is, besides, belonging to religious communities, the church of the Ursulines, that of St. Charles Borromeo, that of the hospital of the Sisters of Charity, a chapel in the Kaiser Strasse. On the other side, among orthodox Protest ants, hitherto occupied in carrying on war in the name of the Bible against the Missal, Puseyism i s sen sibly gaining ground ; and we see the Kreutz Zeitang advocating an alliance between Puseyism and Ultramontanism. If things go on in this manner for twenty years, it will be necessary to go to Vienna to look for civilization and reason. Berlin will have become the stronghold of Ultramontanism." "We leave," says the Historisch-Politische Blotter, " to the correspondent of the Viennese paper, the responsibility for this estimate of the state of things. The facts, however, which he cites are very remarkable. It is certain that there is a movement in Prussia, and notably in Berlin, which cannot fail to engage the attention of Count Bismarck. Count Bismarck has no fear lest the glorious v i c t or y of Liberal ism in Austria might throw the power of Prussia into the shade. He does not fear the attraction which the Liberalism of Vienna might exercise on the Southern States or on the least well-disposed members of the Con federation of the North. He thoroughly un derstands that Viennese Liberalism is working for the King of Prussia, because he knows from personai experience what would have become of Prussia if it had enjoyed a Liberal Government during the crises which have followed one another since 1862. The more Liberal Austria becomes, the weaker will she be in internal policy, and the more corrupt and disorganized will she be at home. This is a truth which has for Count Bismarck the cer tainty of a mathematical truth." It is beyond question that the triumph of the professors and advocates of Vienna has had its rebound in South Germany. The dominant party which was for an instant dis appointed by the result of the elections for the Customs' Parliament, feared lest the Govern ments should open their eyes and see the abyss open before their feat. But this anxiety was not of long duration. The news from Vienna reassured the Liberals of the South. They said to themsel v es that they would eas il y succeed in doing w hat was done in Aus tria, and all that was ne cessary was to go quickly to work, so as to give no time for the popular voice, which had spoken so distinctly in the elections, to make itself heard. Count Bis marck is not ignorant of the state of things ; he watche s w ith p l easure the issue of the con test, and, theref ore , it was that h e had n o hesi tation in his spe ec h, on the - an ion of P r u ss ia and South Ge rmany , t o make known his views. The meaning o f thi s s peech at bottom is that it would be easy f or P r ussia to ass u me the part which Austria has renounced of a Conservative power and of a supporter of the Catholic Church. Cou n t Bismarck did not say this in so many words ; but it is clear that he means this when he speaks of the guarantees to be given to South Germany. Moreover, he did not say that he was disposed. that Prussia should assume this part or give these guaran tees ; but he allowed it to be understood that if these guarantees were not given it was be cause he thought it an unnecessary thing to do in order to gain over South Germany. Why pay for a thing which would come as a free gift ? From his stand-point Count Bismarck is right. For Prussia to remain just as it is, which will not be difficult, after its double victory, internal and external, of 1866, and to avoid the contagion of Liberalism and the despotism of the middle and professional classes, which in Austria and South Germany has turned everything topsy-turvy, it has only to mend its own affairs. All those whom Liberalism has not yet besotted will then be convinced that a soluid political tame is only to be &Awl in Prize It soil the A Obs han'a Jj GR D, y' tnirrat to tho lies o'cloc P Tau AL% , Triss IIE RSPu Pro', Mite EVE patr( 'nom and be tt Worl DAI Peri Prof, Sion , for t Solo 117 m or , a , hood 'llly, 'qua ROI ail d for 1 1111 tra il in Thi lao u for Cli.€ so N 'ten