The Sun. — London, England, 1851-09-03 00:00:00

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INTELLIGEI ,I,,'LWMA.RKET SECONI licights tor the Cuscrewitc tancu on or Ltfore yrs st :b Cossa c toed a rins, ......... 5 9 0 k......... a 9 0 Vatica n . 5 9 ° w .......... Dulwich •....... 5 8 12 Xlthiron ............ 8 8 Teddegton ......... 3 8 7 Cariboo ............ 4 8 7 Nancy ............. 3 8 7 Greeis a iittssborough ........... 3 8 4 t ...... 4 8 4 grave 5 8 4 The ......... trelyn ...... 5 8 2 N. —igger ......... 4 8 0 raPYre.. a 8 0 .......... iter............ 6 8 0 i ; Pil ° r o c; 6 ... ........ 4 8 13 11;_tu_shell . 44 7 10 7 10 B t u ' ,44 ............... 4 kh r(na g b "f .. 7 10 eittis ........ 9 CtioortnhLvorlte"; .............. 555 7 9 14 ""u*: 3 7 7 H o i ' L sdsu ............ 3 7 7 kti t " ° "Pe .. 3 7 7 ,k, ........ wir Gwynn ° 4 7 6, •titta the Con utrtliFor ............ 7 6 (Vtough Buck 3 7 6 ..,112arles_.•. • • • • 4 7 6 ()17' .......... 5 7 6 6 p tig cult, "all Tucker 5 7 6 7 4 ettsih ate ... e ,„ _ ............ 3 7 3 ack ..... 4 7 2 ijoett,_ .............. 3 7 2 Iter,Lagize ......... 5 7 0 ............ 5 7 0 Istot e . 6 7 0 440u..4. ....... Ivint ?awn ...... 3 7 0 westoshgratz ... 4 7 0 ............ 5 7 0 -6411.7.e,ke_r ......... 4 7 0 T0p714414.U0upe... 5 7 0 tltilar ............ 6 7 0 Col l tine ....... 3 6 13 Phrodit6 13 ei°.ll. ........... 3 3 6 13 ' u ertit p °r 4 6 13 Pa ...... ............. 4 6 12 tiZtlittn„ ....... , ... 4 6 12 lhate._44Pley ...... 4 6 12 teas ........... 4 6 12 1147._ .......... 3 6 12 tzo,`2_ll.ler ........ 4 6 12 od .......... 3 6 12 tlela t Z t er Newolin...o2nburg. .. .. 3 6 10i eittab e , ...... 3 10; eotn,a__ 3 6 10 e ......... 4 6 101 tiojeo-uoeter ..... 3 6 1011 ... .13 ........ 4 6 10 s it . 6 6 9 ctL lid Tree_ B'euktd h_ to. ......... 3 4:ro_ Little bief • • • • ..... 3 e t 6 7 astice .... 4 6 7 msst orm .. ...... 5 7 5.... .......... 3 6 ;;()ekt • jArk:aii........... 5 6 5 1 00uve_.. ........ 4 6 5 I.)s,eioas •••••.... 4 6 5 ............ 4 6 5 _oo7eratati,si_ ............5 6 5 1%1611114;1'k .......... 3 6 4 qe riot . •*•• 3 6 4 .............. 3 6 4 CE EXTRA. ) OCTOBER MEETING. h Stakes; to declare acc,3p thQ 91 September yrs st lb Unity Fire-Eater Dulcet a 6 4 Wansdyke England's Glory 3 6 3 Wind hound 4 6 3 Garforth Anspach The Marchioness 5 6 1 3 f by Uarkaway, dam by Rust Lady Geraldine c 4 6 0 Frickstress Mrs. Taft ... Langton Becton 4 6 0 Narcissus Wallflower . 5 6 0 Hippolytus Calmar Aaron Smith Combatant .... .„ 5 5 13 Champion Warwick Quicksand Breba Harry Peal 3 5 12 Runny made Harp Recruit Phlegetbon 3 5 12 Valentine Jack Leemiog Barcelona Theseus Hungerford Flying Gout Paquetta 3 5 8 4okanna Salute Sis.toClothworker 3 5 7 Grand Duke Vermuth 3 5 5 Antigone Sunrise I C by Tearaway, dam by Alcaston 3 5 4 Terpsichore Aristos Miss Flyaway 3 5 3 Tightwaist Heart of Oak 3 5 2 Consolation 3r. to Willingham 3 5 2 Reindeer 3 5 0 Harpsichord B c by Gladiator, out of The Ab bess 4 Pessim a King Charming Bastinado Presto La Fiancée 4 Sledmere 3 Candlewick... Abderhamann True Bluo Bed ford Letterpress 3 Cone Tragedian I Border Boy 3 (British Boy ... 3 !Waterfall Pinch Cyclops G by St. Martin, out of Bess 3 Gay Lass 3 6 7 4 0 4 0 X 4I44 VV 4,4, 1tik , Itik ET HOUGri or the Cambridge& feit by Sop yrs et lb . Wo.orw! ........... a 9 2 v1a 0 , 4 'Ph ......... 5 9 0 4,4'!:tltts ....... 5 9 0 ......... 5 9 0 14,4e'roti ........... 5 8 11 • ......... 3 8 10 t(31:1 • .... 3 8 9 1,41 ............. 5 8 7 liord!n,B4B ...... 5 8 7 4Gkei4"4"X ........ 4 8 1,, ............ 3 8 6 ........... 4 8 5 '°uab ...... 4 8 4 it sr , ‘ _ yel yu 5 8 2 4,01;1 ........... 4 8 0 1:41421° .... 5 7 13 4ArAger ........ 4 7 13 1140,1TIte ......... 3 7 12 •......... 5 7 12 hq en ......... 4 7 10 goth:uier ......... 4 7 10 lie ........ 3 7 9 0.11411de '" 3 7 9 kez. ...... 3 7 9 qt't blister 3 7 9 Nittitft. . 8 ........ 5 ;rile 14Pore 5 7 8 lei 3 . zciaL4 ............6 7 7 leasttl e p__ ( , on. 6 ......... 4 7 ~atouf,Z ......... 3 7 6 rl,yuidisehwYotte... 4 7 6 kitri fiszt ; Gratz •,• 4 7 5 ‘4•l4het •• •...... 5 7 5' ....... 7 4 oupe 5 7 4 letbe:t4.e ......... 5 7 4 L101(1 ....... . 7 4 kitarth 11444...... 43 7 4 )i' eto izo , T4 Pl4l3, 4 7 3 iti........... . 5 7 3 ott,suoetor 3 7 46k; ......... 3 7 2 ........... 3 7 2 Sip„,l4e ..... 3 7 2 -41ster .... 3 7 2 bee;• 3 7 2 kph dr Y .. 1.1 ...... 6 "!: 11 7 , ........ 3 7 i s ..... 4 7 61.1steil4„ •••• ... 5 7 0 b:1.,4441"511-1 . 3 7 0 Veet tic 'e ••• 4 7 0 v i tt a ti t cw ... .......... a r 6 6 1 1 3 3 + ............ CtUdy s 3 6 13 ......... 4 6 13 )4 411 ber, 11 . 4 ••• ... 4 6 12 n~d11........ 4 6 12 t .s tt ... . .. 4 6 11 ... 4 6 11 htttobe ......... 5 6 11 .......... 4 6 11 Itiliottirc3l)Mtirg 3 6 11 1111,,,k ........ 4 6 10 ttuiti4-ueer ...... 6 6 10 0%4 .......... 4 6 10 1 411Q,Ziddleton 4 6 10 `Ci loolk ...... 6 9 ' Stiivey 3 6 ..... 4 ..... 4 6 8' 0h..., ktidTren ..... 3 6 8 "1,4:".4.ede.. 3 6 8 _ r ... Vaa~... •. ...... 4 6 7 ......... 4 3 6 7 ...... 6 7 ......... 4 6 7 ITON MEETING, 1851. 'hire Stakes; to declare for ►tember 9. yrs st lb Theseus 3 6 7 Ellerslie 4 6 7 Heriot Swindler Anspach lantho Unity 3 6 6 Catalpa 3 6 5 Gleuhawk 3 6 5 Warwick Guy Mannering 3 6 4 Snowstorm Bushranger - - England's Glory 3 6 3 Rungerford 34idas Recruit . 3 6 2 Ebor Grand Duke 3 6 2 Haricot A 4 6 2 I , Tareissus. 4 6 2 Merry Peed Breba Vivandiore Harp 3 6 0 Antigone Deceitful Batton Tonic 3 5 13 Mokanna Truth Pequctta Equiria 'Jack Leeming Nautch Girl 5 5 12 Tightwaist Humphrey Vermuth by Tearaway, dam byAleaston 3 5 11 Phlegethon Manifold Faux pas Flying Gout 3 5 8 C by Gladiator, out of The Ab bess Pesyims 4 5 8 ..... _ La Fianc6a F by Gladiator, out of Sprite 4 5 7 BI e byYrinee Ca radoe, oat of Miss Julia Ben nett tracundus . Reindeer 3 5 5 Harpsichord 3 5 3 Ablerhaman Lqtterpress 'sB.rd:tamplus King Charming 3 5 2 [ Cane `Candlewick F by Pantaloon, out of Fugle man'a dam 3 5 0 ,Presto Tragedian 3 4 12 (Falcon F by Alpheus, 1 out of Board- ing School bilis 3 4 9 !Follow-me - lads ICurl _ . 1 -- 3 4 4 'Pinch _ . . Cyclops 3 4 4 Gay lass 3 4 4 aeItiI ik s iVi iICI(RACES.—M.LIJESDAT. 5 3 th y takes of 25 soya, each, for two yrs old, 4t; 8 Q• Bst. f All, l —area and our, Bst 81b; and five and upwards, t geldings allowed 31b; winners extra. o '4l3ce, if be sold for 100 Boys., if demanded, and i ls, upeya soar,. to be sold for less. 3 yrs, 6st 121 b (401.) (Wells) 1 br sbt ori , 4 2, l a ? 3 yrs, 7st 41b (501) ...(J Smith) 2 ;!c liney, 2 yrs (crd. 4st 111 b) (401.) ... 3 4 4, o e Xte l e a Vrions, 4 yrs, 7st 121 b (501.) (Knott) 4 t• t,, t . ( !vese B pfaintich, 4st 121 b (401.) ...(Harding) 0 tie, 6st 91b (400 (G. Mann) 0 • Wo n ..") 4 agst Prestige, and sto 2 agst Chef -4141, 8 3' a length. t e h, t The same between second • b res t i start . „ favourites did not get to the post in *he b Re s td Ran in 1 min. 35 secs . The bets against y l ; B alS tz Z e n affilleb are off. sia o ° l 4; , 01 . 3 of 10 soya, each, with 25 added for three Tr v v r, 8 ‘ ,.." , Sat 91b; fillies, Bst 41b; 31b and 51b t,_ as w i:,, s Once round and a distance. (8 Subs.) Leapyear, 8$ 91b (Marlow) 1 h u 04", ollonee 8$ lib 11;Nti tit 3 A.Moros; Bat Gib (Whitehouse) 2 (Thick) 3 Tl l l o l , l en tt r l. 7 4 on e Lespyear, who won very cleverly /tun in 4 min. 23 sacs. U lf. `feel ea gtoti Stakes of 25 sous. each, ' 15 ft, and only - 4 . 4 t ild l i ea ft p r e t d o with 100 added; the winner of the Ebor carry 101 b, and the second horse 51b sec tb °F any Handicap amou n ti ng t o 100 sous ., a ria if 8 de clarationl of the weights to carry 51b extra, i)4 r3> tvrc3 such 41 ve ' lB re than Handicaps 101 b extra; no horse to stsk es. o o son. and extra; h the second horse to re t e third 50 soya., out of the and th'e 4 4.1, s. IN_ winner to pay 25 sovs, towards ex -I.4e,ralttlee; w G c r ) Tilos. (88 Subs.) 1:11% Ibter's Ilder, 3 yrs, Est 31b ...(Charlton) 1 0. 11044, ba1d B Tophana, 6 yrs, 6st 111 b ...(J. Mann) 2 Chief Justice, 4 yrs, Est 7lb (Arnold) 0 ta r. roye al ‘i : 7 l t rid: b ugleman, 6 yrs, 7st 51b...(Hiett) 0 erd vealmer, l oligratz, 4 yrs, 7$ 10th (J. Sharp) 0 Doubt, 5 yrs, 7st 7lb ...( 'W. Sharp) 0 4t1.03. T e!bert 5 yrs (car. 7st 61b) (Flatman) 0 k4Ord .: S eott's vq•he Cocktail, 5 yrs, 7st (T. Lye) 0 k t war._ indhound 4 yrs, t 111 b (Barker) o kr J. wick's Grief 6: (J. Osborne) 0 L•U. A " z °b's The 71b 'agile, 4 yrs, fist 31b...(Knott) 0 4 1% eltetee, Julia, 5 yrs, Est bib (Rickards) 0 4 4, 1130 4 , , T R ",._ B( leer, 3 yrs, 53t I bib (W.Harlock) 0 ne wren, 4 yrs, sst 91b... (Kendall) 0 1 , 4 1 r. m e a t Avia, 3 yrs sst 51b z tolslt_ig3lZomideclared to ' win with ' The Cocktail. 4 ag 4 o.3St V ugie ' in tlgst Goldfinder, 7 to 2 agst Herbert, ao• 8 to 1 agat The Cocktail, 12 to Avis. Grief, 20 to 1 agst The Wren, and 20 to 1 agst , 'stovery nd and 1 1 , 3 . e "rlY by a length, half a length between 13 fir st t ird, p it Lone. it u , eman. close UP; nothing else near .4 IR 3 nun, 45 secs. t. 4 u N The Castle Park Stakes of 10 EOVSI. each, with 50 added, for two yrs old; colts, Bst 71b; illlies, Bet 2ib; a win ner before starting to carry 41b extra, twice 710 extr a. The winnt rto pay 10 soya. towards expenses. T.Y.C. (12 Subs.) Mr. Paynea Ilirsuta, B.st 21b (Flatman) 1 Mr. Flinteff's ibis, 3st 21b Mr. Thirlby's Mary Ann, Bst 21b (Marlow) 3 Sir C. Rushout's Nonsuch (h b), Bst 7th (U. Darling) 4 Betting-6 to 4 agst Hirsute, sto 2 agst Ibis, and 3 to 1 agst Mary Ann. Hirsuta made all the running, and wcn in a canter by a length. Run in 1 min. 36 secs. _7 The Queen's Plate of 100 guineas; three yrs old, Bst 21b; four, 9st 61b; dve, lOst; six and aged, lOst 31b. Heats, two miles. Mr. J. Moreland's King of Oudo ...(Whitehouse) 1 1 Mr. T. Dawson's Chief Justice, 4 yrs ...(Marlow) 2 2 Mr. Carew's Remunerator, 4 yrs ......... (J. Sharp) 5 3 Lord Exeter's Nutcracker, 4 yrs (Norman) 3 4 Mr. J. Day's Waterfall, 3 yea (1 7 1atomm) 4 dr First Heat-5 to 4 agst Nutcracker, and sto 2 agst Chief Justice. Won by a length; a very bad thir,l. Second Heat-6 to 4 each °gat Remunerator and King of Oude. Won in a canter by three lengths. Tho Corinthian Stakes of 10 sovs. each, h it, gentlemen riders; professionals allowed to ride by carrying 711.1 extra. Heats. T.Y.C. (6 Subs.) Mr. Carew's Longinus, llst 2lb (Capt. Little) 1 1 Mr. Connor's Happy Queen, llst 21b ...(Marlow) 2 dr 5t02 on Longinus. Won by half a length. ECCLES RACES.—MONDAY. The Trial Stakes of 3 sovs. each, with 15 added. One mile. (9 Subs.) Mr. Dobson's fby Truaboy, 3 yrs (Osborne) 1 Mr. Shepherd's Labyrinth, 3 yrs (Watson) 2 Mr. O'Brian's Aldgate, 5 yrs (Dufflo) 3 The following also ran :—Brithdee, 4 yrs—L2 Vo leuse, 5 yrs—Young Thalia, 3 yrs—Lady 'Jersey, 5 yrs —Madeline, 3 yrs—and Crabby, aged. Won by a nada. Match; 50 sovs. Half a mile. Lieutenant Barclay's Champagne, 10st (Owner), beat Captain Dickson's So lomon, llst (Owner), by a length. The Gentlemen's Purse of 20 sovs., added to a Handicap of 3 sovs. each. One mile and three-quarters. (6 Subs.) Mr. Arrowsmith's First-rate, 4 yrs. Bst 41b (Osborne) 1 Mr. Johnson's Lady Jersey, 5 y es, 9st3 ib ( Hopwood) 2 Mr. Peace na Latitat, 6 yrs, 3st 101 b.... .(Frost) 3 Mr. Owen's Conscript, Bit 41b—Mr. Walker's Alma, B+t 41b—and Mr. Smith's Emma, 7st 81b—also started. Won by two lengths. The Innkeepers' Plate of 151., added to a Sweepstakes of 2 soya. each. Heats, one mile. (3 Subs,) Mr. Peace's Patrick, (201.) Bst 101 b ...(Frost) 3 1 1 Mr. 1V iikins's Lady Speedy (200 (Demo) 1 3 3 Mr. Wright's Emma Jemima, lOst 21b (Clark) 2 2 2 Won easy. TUESDAY. _ _ The Trafford Park Handicap of 3 sow. each, and 25 added. Oce mile and three-quarters. (6 Subs.) IS2r. Arrowsmith'a First-rate, 4 yrs, Bst 121 b (Fowler) 1 Mr, Shepherd's Labyrinth, 3 yrs, 7st 81b...( Watson) 2 Mr. Peace na Lstitat, 6 yrs, Bat 71b (Frost) 3 Tho following also ran :—The Moue, 9st 41b—Alma, Bst 71b—and Little Archy, 7st 10113. Won by a neck. The Grand Stand Plate of 151; one mile; was won by half a length by Mr. Wilkins's Lady Speedy, 4 yrs, 7st 101 b (Fowler), beating Mr. Dobson's the Stranger's Daughter. 4 yrs, 83t (Metcalf) —Mr. Ball's Defiance, 5 yrs, Bst 71b (Slippers)—Mr. O'Brian's Aldgate, 5 yrs, Bst 41b (Evans)—and Mr. Hobson na Roche Maid, aged, 7st 1010 (Atherton). BETTING AT MANCHESTER—TUESDAY. GREAT YoRKEIHIRE HANDICAP.-5 to 1 agat Cla rissa (0, 11 to 2 agat Calculator (0, 6 to 1 agst Nancy, 7 to 1 agst Cossack (t), 15 to 1 egat Panope, 15 to 1 agst Knook Knoll. AQUATICS. TRADESMEN'S ROWING MATCH. A number of highly-respectable tradesmen, many of whom, indeed, might be termed gentlemen ammteurs, contended on Monday evening for two pair of silver oars, the annual presentation of Mr. A. Wentzell, the well-known boatbuilder and proprietor of the Ship, Fore street, Lambeth. The rowing was capital, and the match excellently conducted, as usual, by Mr. C. Newnham. First Heat. Messrs. Lcck and Dimes .... (Dark blue) 1 Blincko and John Clayton (White) 2 g .(Iced) 0 Roden and . ing Williamson and Sanderson (Pink) 0 White lost the start, but soon lay down to their work, and mecded their position; while, on the other hand, pink were beaten off easily. In the heat of the race dark blue and white fouled, which afforded red an op portunity of rounding the distance-boat first; but dark blue and white soon came up to them hand over hand and passed them. A fine race was continued to the end be tween the two first boats, which terminated in thak blue winning by about a yard. Second Heat. Messrs. D. and C. Missing (Green) 1 Lamon and Stanley (Light blue) 2 91 James and Reid (Yellow) 0 Won with the most perfect ease. Final Heat. Messrs. Blincko and J. Clayton (White) 1 „ Lock and Dimes (Dark blue) 2 71 „ Limon and Stanley (Light blue) 0 It was a beautiful race throughout. The two first boats were oar and oar to the finish, when the winners put on a masterly spurt, and went in a length ahead. HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO LlVERPOOL.—Yesterday morning the Mayor of Liverpool received a letter from Lord John Russell, intimating that her Majesty the Queen intends to visit Liverpool on the 9th of October next, whence she Purposes to proceed to Worsley Hall. In accordance with the customary official routine, the Premier's letter will be laid before the council at their meeting to-day, when it is expected that additional workmen will be immediately or dered to assist in the preparation of St. George's Hall for the reception and inspection of her Majesty and his Royal High.; ness Prince Albert. Great preparations aro also making at the Earl of Ssfton's for her Majesty's reception, and the various public buildings of interest in Liverpool are already placed under the hands of renovators. DEPARTURE OF MISS CATHERINE HAYES FOR AMRRICA.—Today this popular songstress takes her depar ture for .N eve York on board the United States steamer Pacific, Captain Nye, accompanied by Miss Williams, a singer of no mean celebrity and great compass of voice. A concert, for the farewell benefit of Miss Hayes, took place at the Theatre Royal, Liverpool, on Monday evening, when the house was crowded in every part, and the popular fa vourite was received most enthusiastically, bouquets and ' garlands being showered upon the stage at the conclusion of her song "Kathleen Mavourneen." signor Sivori, who as sisted in the performances, was loudly applauded, as was also Mr. Augustus Braham, who appeared upon the Liver pool boards for the first time. The latter gentleman was twice encored. We regret to announce the death of Major-General Sir Henry Watson, Knt., Colonel of the 15th Regiment, which took place in town on the 31st ult. The deceased officer entered the army as cornet in the 3d Dragoon Guards in May, 1795. He served in the Peninsula, and was present at the passage of the Douro and battle of :Oporto, capture of Campo Mayor, siege of Olivenea, actions of Los Santos and Usagre, battles of Albuera (in which he commanded a regi ment of Portuguese cavalry), Fuentes d'Ouor, and Sala manca, where he was severely wounded. At Toulouse he commanded all the Portuguese cavalry. He became a Major-General in 1838, was made Colonel of the 63d. Regiment in 1817, and was removed to the 15th in No vember, 1850. By his death the coloneley of the latter corps is vacant. Sir Henry Watson had a gold medal fur Salamanca, and the silver war medal with two clasps for Albuera and Toulouse. FUNERAL OF LORD JOHN HAY, C.B.—DEVON PORT, MONDAY.—The remains of the Right Hon. Lord John Hay, C. 8., aged 59, late superintendent of the Devonport Dockyard, were removed from his official residence this morning, to be conveyed on board her Majesty's steamer Sprightly, lying in the jetty, and thence to Edinburgh, for interment. Shortly after nine o'clock, the Royal Artillery, the Royal Marines, 77th and 19th Regiments, marched into the - yard, preceded by their respective bands, and took up their position in front of the official residence. The whole body of the men employed in the yard were also drawn up in a line, which extended from that place to the jetty. Shortly after ten o'clock the procession was formed, headed by the above-named regiments, the bands playing the " Dead March," and proceeded in slow marching order to the place of embarkation, the chief mourners being Lieut.-Col. lord John Hay and Sir Thomas Maitland, followed by the officers of departments, naval and military. The procession had a most imposing effect. The corpse was borne by sixteen men selected from the crew of the admiral's yacht and barge, and on reaching the steamer it was placed on board, and the vessel immediately put to sea, minute guns being fired by the Impregnable guard-ship, and eleven guns from the Plymouth citadel as the steamer passed St. Nicolas's Island. The body being now borne out of sight on the bosom of the deep, the procession re-formed, and the several regiments proceeded to their barracks • the men on the establishment had a half - hol , day. The deceased was highly respected by the officers and men of the yard, by whom the sad event is deeply lamented. WESTMINSTER. ABBEY.—The evening services at Westminster Abbey terminated on Sunday last in the pre sence of an immense congregation, several hundreds being unable to obtain admission owing to the vast numbers that filled every space allotted to the public. The sermon was preached by the Bev. Lord John Thynne, the Sub Dean, who briefly adverted to the termination of the series, and the gratifying result which had crowned the efforts of the, Dean and Chapter to provide extra services in the church . during the present period of visiting and excitement. The sermon was followed by Handel's sublime "Hallelujah , Chorus," finely exetuted by sevent y voices, com p risin g the usual choir of the church, several gentleman from St. Paul's and the Temple, some members of the Purcell Club and the Sacred Harmonic Society—all of whom have rendered their services since the commencement in May last. A splendid dinner, presided over by Lord John Thynne, given last night by the Dean and Chapter in College-hall, to several dignita ries of the cathedral and the gentlemen who assisted in the musical portion of these additional services, and at which some excellent glees, under the direction of Professor Taylor and Mr. Turle, were admirably sung by Messrs. Gray, Barnby, Rowe, Benson, and Bradbury, closed these inte resting proceedings. NEWCASTLE AND NEW YORK, VIA HA.MBUROIL— A new channel of communication has been lately opened be tween the Tyne and the Hudson, large quantities of heavy goods being now sent from Newcastle to Hamburgh, to be thence taken by the emigrant vessels at very low freights to the United States. We have heard of iron being taken at as low a rate as two shillings per ton, but latterly it has cost four shillings ; and during the present week as much as a hundred tons of lead have been taken in one of the steamers from the Tyne to Hamburgb, to be conveyed thence to New York at five shillings per ton. The freight thence to Ham burgh is ten shillings, thus making a total freight of fifteen shillings per ton; whereas the freight from the ' Tyne direct to New York is about 20s. The reason of the emigrant vessels taking these descriptions of goods at so low rates of freight is, that they are thereby saved the heavy ex pense of putting on board ballast in the Elbe, and discharg ing it in the States. The instance we have bests quoting, however, is not the only one of roundabout communication between the Tyne and distant parts of the globe. New castle coals are taken to Calcutta, yid Amsterdam, the freight from Newcastle to Amsterdam being about 7s. or Bs. per ton, and from Amsterdam to Calcutta 10s. or 1 ls., making a total freight of 18s. or 19s. per ton. The reason is the same in both cases, the expenses o f b a llast are not only saved, but a freight (small though it be) is mo d i nto th e bargain.— Gateshcad Observer, LONDON, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. TIME S.—Tne singular uncertainty of the reports from Cuba, though forbidding any conclusions re specting the ien.nediate destinies of that much coveted island, leaves the general aspect of its politics substantially uuaffected. The truth is that the peril is constant, though the moment of convulsion may be undeterminable. Whether the actual Government of the colony may or may not be presently over thrown is a question of more conjecture, but it i 3 a fact beyond disguise that it exists from year to year under conditions of incessant exposure to the very same dangers which are menacing it now. The island of Cuba is a possession of vast territorial value dependent on a Power of declining rank and feeble resources ; it lies contiguous to one of the most vigo rous and aggressive States of the world, and the cir cumstances of its internal politics are such as to create in fatal abundance the elements of revolutionary explosion. It is thus perhaps hardly probable that its Government can long remain unchanged, and yet the greatest difficulties are discernible in every proposal for commuting either its tenure or its constitu tion. The parties concerned in the solution of the problem are four in number—the Govern ments of Spain and America, the free inhabitants of the island, and its slave population. The Spanish Crown clings to this relic of its colonial dominion with the combined tenacity of avarice and pride, and its here ditary rights are guaranteed by Powers which would be bound to their duties by private interests no less than treaty obligations. The American Government is not perhaps disposed to wrong, but is powerless against the American people, and the American people are wholly undisciplined in the duty of sub ordinating national passions to public law. The white population, in number about 400,000, is discontented with the Imperial yoke, and impatient for political freedom, but apprehensive, at the same time, of slave insurrection, against which it recognises the only per manent security in the arms of the Imperial garrison. The slaves amount to about 325,000, but of this number nearly two-thirds axe adult males, so that in the event of a collision their force would incontest ably predominate. On further inquiry, however, it seems quite impracticable to discover into what com binations these several elements of power ; are to enter—with what aims, or with what pros pects of success. The Americans are for up setting the existing institutions, and trusting for the ultimate result to those laws of gravitation and attraction which are operative in political no less than dynamical science. Their cry is republicanism and independence, and with independent Republicans they profess themselves ready to fraternize against all adversaries whatsoever. But this cry issues chiefly from the slave States of the Union, so that all the co loured population of the island, whether slave or free, would be enlisted from the strongest personal inte rests against these intolerant oppressors of the negro race, and it is possible that for the time they might even make common cause with the Spanish troops. The party of Cuban independence, or, as they are termed, the "patriots," could of course look to Ame rican sympathizers only for the aid which might be found desirable against the forces of the Monarchy, but their success, if obtained, could only be secured by annexation, and to annexation there would on this same score of slave institutions occur objectione almost insurmountable. Meantime the Federal Government is sorely disconcerted by the conflict between its manifest duties and its probable necessities. It shares, perhaps, the traditional sentiments of the Union regarding the prospective acquisition, but it also acknowledges the obligations of public right, and it is sensible in a greater degree than democratic orators of the accountability of all Powers, great or small, to European opinion. It is manifestly impo tent, however, to check the practical aggressions of its own subjects, and few persons can anticipate that in event of "a conquest" by such agency it could re sist the popular demand for securing the prize. As an escape from these intricate liabilities it has been some time since suggested that the United States should deal by Spain in respect of Cuba as they dealt by France in respect of Louisiana—that is to say, conclude a regular bargain of sale. If the resources of Spain are inadequate to the preservation of the colony, and if its honour revolts against a submission to violence, what alternative more natural than to sell for a fair consideration what is liable at any moment to be lost without one ? Even the sum which might reasonably constitute the purchase-money 100,000,000 dolls.—has been mentioned, and though the amount seems large, yet as the annual revenues of the colony are already computed at 20,000,000 dolls., and would undoubtedly admit of a large augmentation under abler management, the bargain could certainly not be disadvantageous to the purchasers. Against this suggestion, however, it has to be observed, that there is scarcely any party whose views would be met by the transactions. The Spanish Government might object to the compulsory tender, its allies would el most infallibly do so, the colonists might resist a transfer in which they were treated as ascripti glebce, while as to the Americans we are now plainly told that this intelligent people might very likely be indis posed to buy what they have so fair a prospect of ob taining gratis. Over and above these considerations it has recently been argued with some acuteness, though singular tardiness of perception, that the ac quisition of Cuba would, after all, be prejudicial to the interests of the Union, or to those, at any i rate, of the States which have hitherto been most influential in kindling agitation on the subject. The reasoning given is as follows :—As slavery is only maintained in the States by domestic propagation, and as these means of increase have proved insufficient to aug ment, or occasionally even to maintain, the number of the slave population, any speculation creating a new demand for slaves to be employed in fresh localities must speedily denude the slave States of their negroes and assimilate them to their rivals of the north. If California, for example, had been recog nised as a slave state, these unfortunate creatures would undoubtedly hove been drained off to the north west coast of the Pacific, where their labour would have been far more remunerative than on the partially , exhausted plantations of the south. Still more cer tainly would this occur in the event of the annexation of Cuba. The novelty of the acquisition and the allurements of sugar planting would for a time make the people of the States "Cuba-mad," the value of slaves would be enhanced 25 per cent, and the drain, as an inevitable consequence, would tend to the island from the American main. None of the frontier states, indeed, could be expected to resist, and it is the opinion of a journal " sincerely anxious to preserve slave institutions in the American Union," that, " should Cuba be annexed, slavery will cease within five years thereafter to have more than a nominal existence in Delaware, Virginia, Maryland Ken tucky, Missouri, and perhaps Tennessee." "We should receive," adds the article in question, "an insular increase of slavery, it is true, of over 300,000 head, but would that com pensate us for the Congressional territorial and numerical strength of which we shall indubitably be deprived ?" These curious arguments are interest ing, as exemplifying the endless perplexities contin gent on institutions so unnatural as those of slavery, and they may, perhaps, be not without weight in the eyes of those to whom they are addressed. We can not, however, anticipate that any such considerations will influence the desperadoes in whose hands peace or war may prove to be lodged for the present. The object of these marauders is plunder, and their pur pose piracy—scarcely disguised by pretext s of political propagandism, and but poorly excused by that rest lessness of the national character which renders it impossible for an American to remain contented at home. The adventurers actually departed on this flagitious enterprise arc not perhaps numerous, but a little spark may kindle a conflagration in a commu nity so constituted as that of Cube, and there is too much reason to fear that means are at hand to improve the first successes, as well as to shield the offenders in case of failure from the due penalties of their crime. ADVERTISER. —The feeling of gloom which has for some time past prevailed in Paris has not yet subsided. Nor is it li kel y it will, so long as the Presidential question remains in its present state. We stated a fortnight ago that the belief in the best informed circles in Paris then was, that the Prince de Joinville had withdrawn his pretensions to the Presidential chair, and that, consequently, one great cause of uneasiness had been removed. The. Parisian public reasoned in the same way. In the refusal of the Prince to allow h imself to be put in nomination for the Presidency, they discerned a marked improvement in the position of political affairs, and the funds, as a natural consequence, Im mediately improved. It appears, however, that both ourselves and the people of Paris were mistaken . n supposing th a t h e h a d d ec lined to become a candidate for the seat which Louis Napoleon now fills. Ile has since then been ploying fast and loose —seeking to run with the hare and hold with the hounds. He te e s n noty of t openly i Republic himselfpublic; b acuat neither, udid t e fo n r the o P the other hand, does he disavow the fact of his being in the field. He is attempting to please two of the leading secti ons i n t o w hi c h F ran ce is divided those who think he Sucho theoo ought to s tand, and those of the friend s of hi s f am ily who heformer ndout he conduct iss will he ei n s o t admit think tf‘hekriatot w h e esod notthat h in not. th hee fii T se the t ingenu ()us and impolnic in the extreme. It displays a want of candour and straightforwardness of conduct which must very much lower the Prince in the estimation of all those, in every part of Europe, who are c a p a bl e of appreciating honesty, Ingenuousness, and manli ness of principle. No one can respect this scion of the house of Orleans when they find him pursuing a course so utterly unworthy of the position which he fills, and so directly at variance with the universally received notions of what constitutes high and honour able conduct. The very humblest peasant in France would feel lowered in his own estimation were be, in WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 3, 1851:1_ oircumstances, to pursue a similar course. The Prince de Joinville proclaims in stentorian tones that he cares nothing for France—that self is with him the great ruling principle—and that if he can only thereby sub3erve his own private ends, he cares not what disastrous results to the country may spring . from the vaspenie which is felt as to what the course of events under his inspiration will be. "He would, and he would not." He would be a candidate, and yet he shrinks from the open avowal of being a Presidential aspirant. This undecided, unstraightforward conduct mist not only diminish but extinguish whatever respect may have been hitherto felt for him. It must also do great injury to the Orleans family. He is compromising others, as well as himself, by the course he is pursuing. He is creating a prejudice &gainst the entire. Orleans family, which must prove eminently prejudicial, if not fatal, to their pretensions to the first magistracy of France, at any future period. Even had the other members of the family disap- proved of that course, they would still have been sufferers from it ; but the injury which it will entail on them will be doubly great when the fact transpires, as it forthwith will, that they are parties to it. They approve of it, and must, therefore, share in the responsibility. They are not merely suspected of concurring in the double-dealing of the Prince de Joinville with respect to the Presidency ; but the fact is proved: They have been convicted the crime—for such we regard it—against France. The Times of yesterday, through means of a com munication from Paris, which that journal authenti cates, by the very form in which the communication is ushered into the world, makes an unreserved revelation on this subject. Our contemporary gives the day and the dates of the conversation which he describes. The circumstances, too, under which the interview between M. Guizot and the Duke de Nemours, in the presence of a great many other persons, took place, are given with a minuteness which is a guarantee for their scrupulous accuracy. The meeting took place et Claremont, on the 27th of August, the day on which a great many of the most devoted friends of Louis Philippe had assem bled there, from all parts of France, to commemo rate the anniversary of his death. M. Guizot, in the presence of them all, and in the presence, too, of the ex-Queen, the Duchess d'Orleans, the Duchess de Nemours, and other members of the exiled _ family, inquired of the Duke de Nemours the views of the Prince de Joinville, and the members of his family, with regard to the impending election for the Presidency of the Republic. The Duke de Nemours' reply was, that the policy of the Prince would be a policy of abstention. He did not mean to move in the matter. The answer was deemed unsatisfactory by ~Guizot, and by all who were present. The question was then put is plain terms, and it was intimated that the friends of the Orleans family had a right to a plain answer. Such a question, as our contemporary remarks, addressed directly and firmly, though re spectfully, under circumstances so peculiar, could not be ' evaded. The Duke de Nemours Ras compelled to be more explicit. He was forced to admit, that while he had not declared himself to be a candidate, nor authorised any one to put up his name as such, yet that, on the other hand, he had not prohibited his friends from bringing him forward, nor disowned their acts when they had done so. And be it ob served, that this course of procedure on the part of the Prince is not only not repudiated by the Royal Family at Claremont, but is directly approved of by them. It was vindicated by the Duke de Nemours, by the ex• Queen, by the Duchess d'Orleans, and the Duchess do Nemours. There is good ground, in the absence of actual posi tive proof, that the line of conduct pursued by the, Prince de Joinville has the special approval of all the members of the Orleans family. France, at any rate, will come to that conclusion, and she cannot be blamed for doing so. The fact, then, stares us full in the face, that in the intensity of the selfish views of this son of Louis Philippe, he is quite prepared, should he see any chance of success, to plunge his country into a sea of the most frightful troubles, in his anxiety to obtain the Presidency. Nor does ha reck the means by which the object he has in view may be accom plished. lie knows it could only be by an alliance with the Socialists and Red Republicans, who would be willing to abet his plans, not because they are friendly to him, but because they cherish an intense dislike to Louis Napoleon. Iliey do not love the Prince de Joinville, but, they hate the present occu- pant of the Presidential chaii. It is only, w© repeat, by an unholy and unnatural alliance with these desperate demagogues that the Prince de Joinville could have the most slender hopes of success. And yet he is quite ready, perfectly prepared, to form an alliance with the enemies alike of all morality and of society,—the unrelenting enemies, moreover, of his father, Louis Philippa. Though the passive can didature of the Prince, under these circumstances, is well calculated to create alarm in France, because its success would be tantamount to the ascendancy of Atheism and Anarchy, yet we feel persuaded that in the end, the thing will prove , eminently advantageous to the cauFe of Louis Napoleon. If there had been a doubt bafore in any one's mind, as to the propriety of reelecting Louis Napoleon, there can be none now. He will not, in the coming contest, be opposed, as on the last occasion, by a genuine Republican, and an ingenuous honourable man. Instead of Cavaignac, the stern and true Republican, his opponent this time will be a Monarchist, under the transparent guise of Republicanism—one whom the friends of order will oppose, and whose whole strength will be in the support which the more desperate characters in the faubourgs can render to him. What the worth of that support will be we need not stay to state. Neither need we mention what the result of a contest with Louis Napoleon will be, should the Prince de Joimille be so profligate and imprudent as fairly to embark in it. DAILY NE WS.—A fearful visitation has befal len the kingdom of Naples. The villages and towns of one entire region have been laid in ruins by the sudden and repeated shocks of an earthquake. At Torento many dwellings were overthrown in a few moments. For many miles round, in the district of Basilicata, the fatal convulsion of nature spread terror and dismay, while at Bari and Melfi whole streets and all the principal buildings were levelled to the ground, hundreds, if not thousands, of human victims being overwhelmed in their fall. No previous pertur bation of the elements seems to have presaged the ap proach of the relentless foe. The summer air was calm, and the clear wave broke upon the strand as it had done every morn and eve for 70 years before. Household traditions had indeed preserved the tale of similar disasters some time about the year 1789 ; but the details of horror had long since come to be re garded as almost fabulous among an illiterate and enjoying people. The difficulty of realising such a catastrophe is of itself so great, that simple folk may easily be forgiven their practical incredulity. Let any book-learned and unfeeling cynic try to imagine or explain to others how the earth, without opening her mouth, can suddenly seem as though she bad swallowed up the busy multitude that laugh and sing upon her bosom, so that in an in stant they go down into the pit—and we shall then believe that it is possible readily to conceive the panic and consternation of those who have escaped hurt or unhurt from such a scene. Nor let the cold and sceptic temperament oa which, perhaps, we are sometimes too apt to plume ourselves in this chillier latitude of; ours, judge too superciliously or too severely the feelings wherewith the circumstance above adverted to is dwelt upon, that it was at the beginning of the prolonged convulsion of political Europe, a like portent visited the trembling realm of southern Italy. Superstition, whether social or reli gious, is sad enough to contemplate; we are among the last that would say a word in palliation of the blame justly ascribable to the systems of misrule that generate its existence. We can infinitely more readily forgive the constitutional perjuries of the court of Caserta, and the baseness of its vassalage to trans alpine tyranny, than the deadening and demoralising system of ignorance in which it deliberately holds down its subjects. To tie or maim a people's hands is guilt enough ; but to tamper with its eye-sight is the sin against the spirit of mercy, justice, anti free dom, for which there is no forgiveness. Nevertheless, if so be that government and governed are thus per mitted to subsist, and that the gloomy shadow of intellectual darkness overlays the land, may not one suppose that out of the depths a voice of conscience may perchance arise, warning despotism of its ap pointed destiny, and " checking the exuberance of its riot ?" If the King of Naples or his accomplice councillors fear not the God who bath made all men equally in his own image, and if they are deaf to the shout of shame with which all emancipated Christen dom rings on account of their " cowardly and savage cruelty" to the political dupes of their sworn profes sions of constitutionalism, is it not conceivable that a rag of conscience may still be left, that an indistinct and shapeless recollection of the fate which seventy years ago befell their predecessors in oppression, may recur to their minds, and that the physical calamity m ay have startled them from their day-dream of irresponsible power, were it but for an hour? W e venture not to preach to such impenitents from so terrible a text. We loathe the dull presumptio n that arrogates to itself the right of judgin g th e inscrutable visitations. of Providence, and labelling them as special punishments for this or th e o th er error of mankind. But it is nowise incon s i s t en t with the humility and charity of the principles in question, that we should hope, even against hope, that a Sovereign whose ears are smitten with th e funeral dirge of myriads of his people, on w h om, amid the hum of peaceful industry, the sun bath sud denly gone down while it was yet Gay—should b e conscience smitten too, and driven to reflect, remorse fully, on the course to which he has so long an d reck lessly given himself up. The King of Napl es i s a Bourbon ; can any member of that doomed family lay his head upon his pillow without remembering there are other earthquakes still more terrible and far I less rare than those that level palaces and peasants homes ? Of the various:dynasties that boast descent from St. Louis, which of them is there that we have not seen by a sudden shock from beneath burled down from their high estate into the blood-stained dust or into distant exile, since the memorable day of warning in 1789 ? Four times has the dia dem been snatched from the brow of their kinsmen in France during the last seventy years—once from the occupants of the Spanish throne, and twice from the family of Naples. Already the mutterings of a fearful storm are heard throughout all central and southern Europe. Where does the wretched Sove reign of the unhappy Sicilies expect that he can look for safety, when the ground under his feet shall once more be upheaved ? It is said that the imperial, royal, and ducal gaolers of Italy are about to be gathered together at Verona, to consult and to confer. One of the ostensible objects is alleged to be the formation of an Austro-Italian customs-league ; another the com position and publication of a joint defence of their reactionary proceedings since 1849. The former is of course a scheme for the universal establishment of monopolies throughout the greater portion of the , Feniusula, at the expense of the community at large ; in other words, a wholesale project for bribing the chief capitalists and speculators of Italy into deserting the cause and interest of their country. If one wished the illustrious conspirators to add a new source of popular hatred to those already existing, we could not desire anything better suited to that end than the execution of a design so directly infringing the com forts and luxuries of all classes of society. And as for the latter, Prince Schwarzenberg may dictate, and King Bomba sign, but their extenuations and evasions will be met wherever men dare to think and speak, with one cry of scorn—" Did ye not swear three summers since to observe the law of representative freedom, and are ye not forsworn ?" NOTES FOR STRANGERS. INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION, HYDE PALK.-Monday Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, admission, ls. Friday, ee. 6d. (from 9 till 6 o'clock each day); Sa turday (from 12 o'cloek), 2s. 6CI ST. PAUL'S CATHEDRAL.-Divine service, daily at 8 A.M.; 9.45 a.m.; 3.15 P.M. On Sundays, 9.45 A.m.; 3.15 P.M. Admission daily. Tu view the reonuments and body of the Cathedral (gratis); the galleries, 61; the ball, ls. 61; the groat bell, model room , library, 6d.; the clock, 2d.; vaults, 6d.-in all, 3s. 2d. WESTMINSTER ABBEY.-Divine service daily at 7.45 A.,M.; 10 A.M.; 3 P.M. Oa Sundays at 10 A.M.; 3 P.M. Admis s io n t o view from 9 till 1- past 5, gr a tis ; with the exception of the smaller chapels, for the whole of which there is a charge of 6d. HOUSE OF LORDS, WESTMINSTER.-Tickets issued (gratis) teem the Lord Great Chamberlain's office (Abingdon-street) every Wednesday and Saturday, from 11 till 4, to view the House on Wednesday and Saturday, from 11 till 5. When their Lordships are hearing appeals the public are admitted without tickets. HOUSE OF COMMONS, WESTMINSTER.-When the House is sitting, admission is obtained to the Strangers' Gal lery by ti Member's order. A limited number may be accommodated in the Speaker's Gallery, but in this case the name of each person must be inserted previ ously by a Member, in a list for a particular evening. WESTMINSTER HALL AND LAW COURTS (when the Courts are eitting).-Free. Tuz TEMPLE, FEET-STREET.-The Church may be viewed daily, except on Saturday and Sunday, gra tuitously, and without a bencher's order, from 10 till 4. On week days prayers are read at 9; on Sundays there is divine service at 11 nod 3. The Middle Tem ple Hail is open to the public without payment or or der, from 10 till 4; elso the Inner Temple Gardens, from 6 till half-past 8 evening. LINCOLN'S LIN.-Admission daily, except on Sunday, to the Cimed, hail, and Library, gratuitously, by hcecher's order. Prayers are read in the chapel on week days at 8; on Sundays there is divine service at' 11 and 3. The chapel may also be seen on applies floe to the head porter. BRITISH MUSEUM, GREAT RUSSELL-STREET, BLOOMS BURY.-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, from 10 to 5 (gratis). With the ex ception of Saturday the libraries may be viewed without orders. Admission to the print room, medal room, and botanical department, can only be ob tained by an order from Sir Henry Ellis, the prin cipal librarian, or the heads of the respective depart ments. Mr. ROACH SMITH'S MUSEUM of LONDON ANTIQUITIES may be seen by special appoiatmont. Apply by letter, to Mr. Smith, 5, Liverpool-road, City-road. NATIONAL GALLERY, TRAFALGAR• SQUARE.-Ironday, Tuesday, Wedn,esday, and Thursday, from 10 till 6 (gratis). VERNON GALLERY, MARLBOROUGH HOUSE.-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, from 10 till 6 (gratis). NORTIIUMBERLAND HOUSE.-Tickets (gratis) to be ap plied for at the house on Monday, Tuesday, Wednes day, and Thursday, from 10 till 2. The gallery, eze., to be viewed on Friday and Saturday, from 11 till 5. BRIDGEWATER HOUSE, CLEVELAND-SQUARE, ST. JAMES'S -Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday, from 10 till 5, by tickets (gratis), issued by Mr. Smith, 137, New Bond-street. DUDLEY GALLERY, EGYPTIAN HALL, PICCADILLY.- Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, and Satur day, without tickets (gratis). MANSION-HousE.-To view the Egyptian Hall, Ball room, &c., Tuesdays and Fridays, from 11 till 2. Visitors are required to leave their names on the Ftie day or Tuesday previous. GUILDHALL, KING -STREET, CHEAPSIDE, i 3 for the pre sent closed. THE TowEn.-Daily, except Sunday, from 9 till 5. The armoury, 61; the regalia, 6d. THE MINT.-Admission by special order from the Alas tor of the Mint. GENERAL POST OFFICE.-Apply by letter to the Post master-Genera), or the Secretary, for an order cf ad- ROYAL EXCHANGE.-Open to the public from 9 till half-past 3, and from 6 till 8, every day except Sun day. COAL EXCHANGE, LOWER THAMES•STREET.-Gra tuitous admission, every day except Sunday, from 9 till 4. CUSTOM HOUSE, LOWER TuamEs-STREET.-Gratuitous admission to the long room, every day except Sunday, from 10 till 4. THE DOCRS.-The West India Docks, the East India Docks, the St. Katharine's Docks, and the London Docks, msy be viewed gratuitously by an order pro curable at the offices of the respective superintendents. In the case of the London Docks, tho wine vaults may be seen by presenting a " tasting order" from any wine merchant. BETHLEM HOSPITAL, OR BEDLAM, LaninETH.-Apply for an order to the president (Sir Peter Laurie), the treasurer (Mr. John Edward Johnson), or the Home Secretary. Visitors will also be admitted on the per serial introduction of a governor; and it may be use ful to know, that the Aldermen of the city of London are ex officio governors. The days of admission are Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday, from 11 till 3. MILLEANK PRISON, PENTONVILLE PRISON, &c.-Apply in writing to the Home Secretary for au older. Foreigners will procure tickets at. the respective em bassies. Miilbank may be seen every day except Saturday and Sunday, from eleven till one, and from two to four. Pentonville may be seen on the same days from two to four. Admission to the Hulks, at Woolwich and Portsmouth, are to be obtained by orders procurable in the way already stated. THE BANK OF ENOLAND.-Admission by order from the Governor or Deputy-Governor. THE MONUMENT, FISII•STREET-HILL.-Daily, except Sunday, from 8 till sunset-3d. DUKE OF YORK'S MONUMENT, CARLTON•HOUSE-TER RACK-Daily, except Sunday, from 10 till 4 on pay ment of 6d. THAMES TUNNEL.-Daily, id. EAST INDIA Cc3IPANT'S MUSEUM, LEADENHALL STREET.-Friday, from 10 till 4 (gratis). On Tues day end Thursday, by orders from a director. UNITED SERVICE MUSEUM, WHITEHALL•PLACE,_SCOT LAND•YARD.-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thurs day, and Friday, from 11 till 5, by members' tickets or ambassadors' cards. On Saturday by personal in troduction or ambassadors' cards. SOCIETY OF ARTS, JOHN-STREET, Ai:emu:tr.-Daily, except Sundays, by members' orders and ambassadors' cards, from 10 till 4. ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS, LINCOLN'S INN-FIELDS. -Oa Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, from 10 till 4, by members' orders. On Friday and Saturday, foreigners possessed of tickets, procur able at the various embassies and consulates, will be admitted. ROYAL BOTANICAL GARDENS, REGENT'S PARK.-Daily by orders from fellows. KENSINGTON GARDENS, HYDE PARK.-Public prome nr.de-military music daily, except Sunday, from 2 to 4. HORSE GUARDS.-Guard mounting daily at half-pass 10 and 11, and on Sundays at 10. BUCKINGHAM PALACE -For admission apply, by letter, to the Lord Chamberlain. The days for viewing the palace are Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, from 12 till 4. There is no admission when the Queen is re siding in the palace. BUCKINGHAM PALACE MEWS. -Apply, by letter, to Mr. George Lewis at the Royal Mews for cards of ad mission. The stables are on view every day except Sunday, from 1 till 3. WINDSOR CASTLE.-On Monday, Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday, from 11 to 4; by tickets (gratis), issued by Mr. Mitchell, 33, Old Bond -street; Messrs. Col naghi, Pall-mall East; Mr. Ackermann, 96, Strand; and Mr. Moon, Threadneedie-street; and at Windsor, at the Lord Chamberlain's Office, Winchester Tower. The Private Apartments may he seen by an order from the Lord Chamberlain, but only in the absence of the Court. The North Terrace is open daily, from 8 A.M. till sunset; the Grand Parterre is only available on Saturdays and Sundays; the Royal Gard e.ns can only he seen by au order from the Office of Woods and Forests, or any of the Queen's Equerries; the Kennel, Dairy, and Aviary, may ho seen by an order from Major-General Weneyes, at Cumberland-lodge; the Royal Mews are shown daily, except Sunday, between 1 and half-past 2, by tickets, to he obtained, not earlier than 12, at the Lodge, near the Post -office. KEW GARDENS.-Daily, except Sunday (gratis). HAMPTON COURT PALACE.-Daily, except Friday, (gratis). WCOLWICH-TEE ROYAL A usmAre-Admittance daily, except on Sunday, and without order (gratis), from 9 till 11; and from a quarter-past 1 0114, to view the grounds, which contain upwards of 28 ; 000 guns of varione calibre, and 4,000,000 of ehots and shells. Foreigners require a card from the legation of the country to which they belong . and the name of every person forming a party must be written upon it. A epecial order is required from the Board of Ordnance, Pall-mall, London, or front the office of the Commandant of the Garrison, to view the interior of the departments. The Rod:lndy-Ad mission gratis, and without order !a t u o c view the ar money and models daily , exceptd'd Saturday and n 1 Sun day, from 9to 1 1 , an d from till 4. Visitors give their names at the entrance. he Dockyard-Admis end without orders from 9 till half sion gratuitously, and ' past 11, and from half-past 1 till 4 o'clock. Foreigners must pro d uc e cards from their respective legations. To view the interior cf the C.epartMent, a special order is required from the Admiralt y ea Whitehall, or the Commodore- Superintetagent at Woolwich. Exercises o f the Royal Horse Artillery and Field Batteries on Woolwich Commun.-These generally take place on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, end Thursdays, when the weather is favourable ; but the assembling of the troops depends upon the other duties they have to perform in the garrison. Mortar and Howitzer Prac tice-Visitors have tho best opportunities of witness ing this praotice from half-pest 2to half past 3 o'clock on Mondays, Tuesdays, and Teuredays. GREENWICH Hosea...ea.-Daily, gratis; picture gallery, 20..; chapel. 2d. CHELSEA HOSPITAL.-Daily(grati,). DULWICH GALLERY (eve Mlles from London).-Men. Thursday, and S a t ur d ay (grday, Tuesday, Wednesday, atis), from 10 till 5. Tickete to he procured from the principal print-sellers in Londoe. T IIN FL' AXMA.N GALLERY, AT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, GOWER -STREET.-(Free)-Saturdays, trona 1 till 6. TIIE MusEuet OF PRACTICAL GEOLOGY JF RaiYN STREET.-(Free)-Monda„n, Ja' Tuesdays, and WedEeS• days, from 10 till 5. THE FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, LAMB'S CONDUIT-STREET. -Kordays, from 12 till 4-(Free.) Di v i ne serv i c e on Sundays at 11 and 3; a for the benefit of the charity, gratuity in silver NAVAL INTELLIGENCE; APPOINTMENTS. Thomas Ferris, promoted to be captain on reserved list. Lieutenants—F. P. Porteous L. Pigott, to the Dido. Midshipman—J. H. U. Spalding, to the Waterloo ; F. Johnstone, to the Dixie; R. D. Granville, to the Belle rophon. Master—R. Simpson, chief officer in coast guard. Acting Master—H. 0. West, to the Rattler. Masters' Assistants—H. P. Reneau, to the Modesto ; William Haydon, to the Dido. Surgeon—Evans Evans, to the Dido. Acting Assistant-Surgeons—Jaccb E. Dyes, to the Victory; Owen J. Llewellyn, to the Impregnable. PosTSMOUTII, TIIESDAY.—The Victoria and Albert royal yacht, Captain Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, G.C.H., hauled alongside the south jetty yesterday, to complete coaling, Sao., and was taken up to her moorings to-day to await orders. Tao Defence convict-ship came alongside the jetty to receive a jurymast, which was fitted to her to-day. The Centaur steam-frigate, Captain Cannon, flag of Rear-Admiral W. W. Henderson, is preparing for Spit head. She is taking in her last sea stores, and will drop out to-morrow. _ _ _ The Blenheim Indiaman, Captain Close, sailed to-day for Calcutta. The Prince tf Wales, for Madras and Calcutta, and the Victoria, New York liner, sailed from Spithead yes terday. The freight-ship Herefordshire, 1,500 tons, Captain George Richardson, with the 79th Highlanders on board, arrived at Leith on the 30th ult., from Quebec, in 23 days. WooLwicre, SEPT. 2. — The Odin steam-frigate, Cap tain Sir William Wiseman, received on board that vessel Greenbitho yesterday the carriages of Sir Hamilton Seymour, her Majesty's Ambassador to the Cuurt of St. Petersburgb, and will leave at daylight to-morrow morning for Cronstadt, with Sir Hamilton Seymour, for his destination. _ _ Captain St. George's company of the Royal Artillery embarked at the Royal Arsenal on Saturday last in the Essex freight-ship, for a passage to Ceylon. There were detachments of the 13th Regiment from the depOt at Jersey on board the Essex, to join the head quarters of the regiment at Ceylon; and a detachment of the 59th Regiment, to join the head-quarters of the regi ment in China. THE GREAT EXHIBITION. The receipts at the doors yesterday amounted to 2,4071. 155., and the number of visitors, according to the police returns, was 49,866. By the sale of season tickets 11. 103. was realised. There seems to be a com petition kept up as to who shall be the last season ticket holder, for any one would have supposed that this source of profit to the Commission would have been dried up some time ago. It still, however, exists, and vre should not now bo surprised if it continued until the close. GREAT PEDESTRIAN FEAT.—Wo are informed that the great pedestrian feat of 1,000 half-miles in 1,000 succes sive half hours concludes to-night at six o'clock. Through out the first fourteen days the weather was most unpropitious, Coates having to change his attire thirty-three times. Still undaunted, he persevered against all difficulties. Up till twelve o'clock on Friday he had accomplished 852 half miles. The weather having now taken a more favourable change, leaves little doubt of his accomplishing the feat. His bodily health appears very little affected, further than pains in the limbs, caused by the wet weather. and blistered teet.—liorth British Mail. JENNY LIND AT NIAGARA FALLS.—A party writing from the Clifton Hotel states :—The society here is decidedly aristocratic. Sir Hugh Dalrymple, of the 71st Re giment, and suite, are here, and several other military cha racters. Jenny Lind arrived yesterday from New York, by way of Oswego. She keeps strictly private, and has her meals served in her own room. Last evening she was amuing herself by singing, accompanied by Mr. Sharfenberg, is her own rooms, with closed doors. Soon a crowd of a hundred bad gathered round her door, without a whisper being heard. She sang for about half an hour, when sud denly opening the door, ehe stepped into the hall far a candle, and then you would have laughed outright to see the people scamper, and she looking so indignantly. We have several beauties here—the two that bear off the pal►n are Miss D., of New York, and Miss 0., of Brooklyn; the latter sings and plays sweetly. CRYSTAL PALACE —Upon the walls of the Fine Arts Court, slightly to the west, on the north side, will be found several specimens of typo-chromatic printing; a process which is deservedly obtaining much attention both from artists and connoiseurs by reason of the great advance marked by it in imitative art. These specimens are exhi bited by Messrs. George Rowney and Co., the well-known artists' colourmen of Rathbone-place, and will doubtless startle the casual observer by their remarkable fidelity to water-colour drawing. The rustic figures, the more particu larly " The Fishing Girl " and " The Gleaners," are espe cially good, that breadth and truth of touch so agreeable in the spirited sketches of our eminent artists being here secured. The landscapes are likewise noticeable for their correctly embracing the most salient features of water-colour execu tion. As it would appear that this really novel and capti vating process renders similes of the most costly masterpieces easy of access to a more extended circle of art-worshippers, we cheerfully direct especial attention to these elegant evi dences of its usefulness. CONVENTION OF FREE NEGROES IN INDIANA.-A. convention of free people of colour is now in session at In dianapolis, and is occupied in deliberating upon various matters relating to the interests of its constituents as a class. There is said to exist among its members a strong inclination to remove out of the state of Indiana to some othercountry, where they hope to enjoy greater social advantages. Atter much debate a resolution was adopted, by a large majority, providing that should the laws of the state become so op pressive as to be intolerable, they would recommend their people to emigrate to Canada, Jamaica, or elsewhere, in pre ference to Liberia, against which there appears to be a vio lent prejudice in the convention. Among the countries spoken of for the purpose of emigration, besides those men tioned, arc Mexico, New Granada, and Central America; but Canada is generally regarded as most eligible, on ac count of its accessibility. At last accounts the convention had under discussion a resolution somewhat contradictory to that which had just been passed, as mentioned above. It asserts, in substance, that the free negroes have a right to re main, if they choose, in the United States, the land of their nativity, and it accordingly recommends them to stay here, and strive for their moral, social, political, and intellectual elevation. It was expected that the resolution would be de feated.—New York Herald. We have this week had an opportunity of inspect. ing the estuary works. Our readers are doubtless aware that Messrs. Peto and Betts have contracted to excavate a new channel from West Lynn into the wash of Lincoln, for a distance of four miles. The terms of the contract are for the first two miles through the land, 143,000/. ; and for the two through the sand, 20,000/. The average depth of the excavation for the first two miles will be 30 feet; the width at the bottom, 265 feet; and at the top, 518 feet. At the extreme end of the land cutting, the width will be 280 feet. This part of the excavation commences at West Lynn, near Fisher-street, and is continued in a straight line across North Lynn St. Edmund, as far as the dry land extends. The excavation will be further continued for two miles through the sands of the Wash, and thence it is expected that the new direction of the ebb and flew of a vast body of water will force a straight chan nel for many miles through the wash to the sea. The old circuitous channel, full of shifting sands, will be closed up, and thousands of acres will be laid dry, and be made available for agricultural purposes. Since December last about 1,200 men have been employed in the excavation work ; and more than a million and a half of cubic yards of earth have been removed. The soil is clay at the top, and below silth and strong loam; so that the cutting through and removing such a vast quantity will require an enormous amount of labour. It is, however, expected that the first two miles of the new channel will be completed within a year, and then large vessels may be brought into this port. What ever may be the benefit accruing to the trade of this town, there can be no question as to the advantage of reclaiming 30,000 acres of land; adding in fact, so much to the terri torial extent of the country; and from this beginning we may anticipate that in time a large part of the land now under the wv.ters of the Wash will be gradually laid dry. —Norfolk Chronicle. IMPORTANT TO SPIRIT MERCUANTS AND 1 3 1.33L1• CANS.—It may not be generally known to this class of trades men that the practice of selling sweet or heme-made wines, unless protected by a licence, is illegal, and renders them liable to a heavy penalty. At the public office yesterday, several persons were summoned upon informations by the I3oard of Inland Revenue, for selling a sweet wine called ginger wine, without being empowered by licence so to do. Three of the parties referred to pleaded guilty, and were fined in the mitigated penalty of 121. 10s. each; . but the others escaped in consequence of their succeeding .in proving that the beverage they vended w as not ginger wine, but ginger ette, which, as it contain s a lar g e proport ion of spirit, is al- I owed to be sold under the ordinary spirit licence. The o th e r liquor, it will be wel l to remember, is excisable. As the ob ject of the Board o f Revenue in brin g i ng these eases forward i s intended to act m ore as a caution to the public than a punishment of the offenders, who all pleaded th e i r ignorance o f the law, the fines thus i nflicted will, in a ll probability, b e c ommuted, through the in terest of the Excise, upon the pre sentation of a prope r petition from each to the Board. We may add that the cost of the licenca for the sale of these wines amounts to the trifling aura of 1/. 2a.Bd.—.Birmingham ST. STEPHEN'S CHURCH, WALEROOL—(Frie)—Moth dayS, Wedl3C-SYS. and Fridt46, irotti 11 till C. C1107.38Y HALL, BISHOPSCATE-STREET.— (Free) —Every day. TEL; CHAPEL ROYAL, W HITERALL.—Sundays, at 10 and 2. ST. SAvroun's, Eortoudii.—(Free)—SundayE, at 1 0 and 2. FIVE. GUINEAS FOR A KISS. At the last races of i?eri, the English sportsmen could not but admire the grand and historical women of Nor mandy. A group of gentlemen riders, a little elevated by the fumes et the generous .okay, stood admiring, not only the handsome dresses, but aiso the pretty laces of the fair villagers, whose b;:auty was still enhanced by the original and becoming bonnets ala Cauchoise. They wero commenting freely on all they saw, and their words could ha caught by all around, when a beautiful girl, married the week before, happened to pass them. She was escorted by a large number of gay and joyous Mane's, in their handsomest suits, and accompanied by the venerated curate on his mule. " What a charming person!" exclaimed one of the men; " upon my word, I would willingly give two so vereigns for one kiss of her sweet lips." " Look, here, boys," exclaimed a tall fellow; " do you hear him? There, that fellow with the black moustache says that he would give two louis to have LOUiEO kiss him!" " ah !" laughed out a dozen young girls; " two loafs! 'tis cheap enough." There, then," exclaimed the Englishman. The young girl to whom the proposal was made turned round towards the sportsman, and in a sm ili ng t on e, " You would be much delighted, eh ?" she said, in a bewitching manner. " Enchanted!" exclaimed the passionate Englishman. " Well, then," she continued, after a little hesitation, " give live guineas and you shell have the kiss." The Englishman, thus defied in his generosity, would not have backed out Lad it been twenty times that sum. Ho pulled out a Well - filled purse, presented the fair one with five bright guineas, and, instead of one, received two sweet kisses in exchange. This, done, " What luck!" she exclaimed, gaily; " what l uc k ! Here, Mr. Curate, here are five guineas for the poor o f th e par i s h . T a k e t h em an d ma k e them happy." "if that's the case, one guinea more for the poor, said the youn g E ngl i shman. Th i s act o f "ge nerosity was received with enthusiastic applause.— Journal d' Alencon. THE DUKE OF ARGYLL. Among the young noblemen of the present day who are likely to maintain the credit of their order, I do not know one who has produced so good an impression among men of toil parties as the Duke of Argyll. He is about twenty-eight, but looks considerably younger. Ho has been several years in the House of Peers, but it was not till last tesion that he began to be much talked about, although great expectations had long been formed regarding him by his friends. His speech on the Ecolesiastical Titles Assumption Biil, the other week. was bold and straightforward, evincing a thorough knowledge of the great question at issue. Within the last few days, " A Letter from the Duke of Argyll to the Bishop of Oxford" has made its appearance, in which he administers a few words of wholesome warn ing to the High Church party. Among the crowd of polemical pamphlets which the press has poured forth so profusely during the last twelve months, I have seen no one in which the great Church of England question has been treated with such clearness and ability. The Duke appears to be thoroughly orthodox, but it is after the manner of his Presbyterian ancestors, one of whom has found a place in the noble army of Scottish martyrs under epi.3copalien persecution. The Duke addresses the Bishop in a plain, business-like style, pointing out the inevitable consequences of hi s denial of the giseen's supremacy, and showing how naturally the straining of High Cnurch doctrines leads to Home. Talking of the dangers which threaten the Church of England from the want of prudence and wisdom on the part of its rulers, the Duke takes rather an alarming tone. " ship when she is in mid ocean need not be very precise in the course she steers in any one of her tacks; with plenty of sea room it matters little. Her bow may point to breakers—but they are some thousand miles away. This is not your case at present. You are in a narrow channel, aid if there are rocks upon your course at all they must be very close ahead. The water around you is scree ed with wreck." It is pleasant to see one of our first-class noblemen coming oat in this trenchant fashion. The Duke of Argyll is sot merely a man of high rank, he is alao connected by marriage with some of tho first families in the kingdom; so that. if he should take a leading part in politics during the next few years, he will probably be able to carry a large amount of aristo cratic influeuca aleng with him. Were a man of his rank, with force of character and singleness of purpose, to come forward in these days as a bold and decided Church reformer, he would soon rally a powerful party around him, London Correspondent of Manchester Guardian. NAPOLEON BOAAPARTE. The empire had made him old before his time. . . An early obesity overloaded him with flesh. His cheeks, formerly streaked with muscles and hollowed by the working of genius, were broad, full, and overhanging, like those of Otho in the Roman medals of the empire. An excess of bile mingling with the blood gave a yellow tint to the akin, which at a distance locked like a varnish of pale gold on his countenance. His lips still preserved their Grecian outline and steady grace, passing easily from a smile to a menace. His solid bony chin formed en appropriate base for his features. His nose was but a line, thin, and transparent. The paleness of his cheeks gave greater brilliancy to the blue of his eyes. His. look was searching, unstizady as a wavering flame— an emblem of inquietude. His forehead seemed to have widened, from the scantiness of his thin black hair, which was falling from the moisture of continual thought. It might be said that his bead, naturally small, had increased in size to give ample scope between his temples fbr the machinery and combinations of a mind every thought of which was an empire. The map of the world seemed to have been encrusted on the orb of that reflective head. But it was beginning to yield; and ho inclined it often on his breast, while crossing his arms like Frederick IL—aa attitude and gesture which he appeared to affect. Unable any longer to seduce his courtiers and his soldiers by the charm of youth, it was evident he wished to fascinate them by the rough, pen sive, and disdainful character of himself—cf his model in his latter days. Ho moulded himself; as it were, into the statue of reflection before his troops, who gave him the nickname oi Father Thoughtful. He assumed the pose of destiny. Something rough, rude, and savage in his movements revealed his southern and insular origin. The man of the Meditteranean broke out constantly through the Frenchman. His nature, too great and too powerful for the part he had to play, overflowed on all occasions. He bore no resemblance to any of the men arcund him. Superior and altogether different, he was an offspring of the sun, of the sea, and of the battle field—out of his clement even in his own palate, and a stranger even in his own empire. Such was at this period the profile, the bust, and the external phy siognomy of Napoleon.—Lamarfine's h'istoiv of the Eestoration in Frame. Mors.—BououGu, SEPT. I.—The first lot of four peckets of Farnham country hops, grown by Mr. D. Turrill, of West Woridham, arrived here this morning, and were sold by Mr. H. Snelling, hop-factor, to Messrs. Pike, Leake, and Co. BLOTS.—" G. II.," in the Builder, would draw at• tention to the dilapidated houses in Skinner-street, Snow hill, and the vacant piece of ground at the corner of New gate-street. The 11 -GUMS in Skinner-street have been so long in their present state, that it appears as if no change would take place, but that they are to be left as emblems of corrup tion and decay. There are other houses in the same condi tion in Stamford-street. FATAL ACCIDENT ON THE FORTH AND CLYDE CANAL.--On Saturday forenoon last a distressing accident occurred on the Forth and Clyde Canal, not far from Lock 16. A scow, the name of which we have been unable to learn, was on its way down the canal from Glasgow. It was laden with potash, and was very heavy on the top. When a considerable way above Lock 16, a schooner hap pened to pass, and by some carelessness on one side or other, a collision took place. The scow being heavily laden, was immediately capsized. There were, we believe, on board, besides the man in charge of the boat, his wife and an infant child, and one or two men. The woman with the child was below in the hold when the collision took place, and ere she had time to come up the boat was capsized. The man in c h a rge contrived with the others to get ashore , b ut after diving it was found impossible to rescue his wife and child. From the fact of the boat capsizing fairly over, the water was prevented from getting into the hold, and the woman sat there for about halt an hour, during which time her screams were distinctly audible. The men then proceeded to cut a hole in the bottom of the boat, which was uppermost, for the purpose of releasing the woman.. This .was, for immediately on a how ever, attended with fatal consequenc es, - hole being bored, the water rushed in, and we are sorry to learn that the woman was immediately drowned, along with her child.—Falkirk Herald. NEW METHOD OF MAKING BIITTER.—Mr. E. T. Guerin has communicated to us that having learnt from Mr. W. P. Dobree, of Llamburgh, that there had been dim. vered in Sweden a new method of making butter, h e h as made a trial of it with entire success. The method is as follows :—Put the crea m, either sweet or sour, into a b ag o f sufficient fineness to prevent its passing through, an d t h en covering bury the bag fo ur feet in the earth, carefull y it u In twenty-four o r twent y -five hours, o n taking up the bag, the cream is found to be converted int o excellent butters = Guernsey Gazette. B R ISTOL GREAT HORSE AND CATTLE FAIR, d 2 and C The usual half-yearly Bristol H orse SEPT. Cattle Fair commenced yesterday and finished to large number of horses brought t o the fair , aY. There was a generally speaking, was ve r y goo d . and the quality', Good horses went off well, and there was a large demand for good cart colts, nearly all of which were cleared off at remunerative was a short supply of fat beef,prices. There ranging from 425. to 48s. __ and the sale was slow, prices for tat sheep, at 51, A ,d . par p l e j . cwt. There was a brisk sate store sheep there was a I! , the supply being small. Of o loodly show, and they met with !I fair sale. Some prices. The supply pens s of Devoe rams commanded high scanty, and the few on offer realised high rates. A Nnw WAY OP RAISING THE WiND.--SOMe sensation was caused at Orleans two days ago by the state ment that a shoemaker in the Rue Taboury had won the grand prize of 100,000 francs in the L yens lottery. Imme diately all his frie n d s and acquaintances , together with many persons whom he scarcely knew , hastened to co n g ratulate him and speculations were made as to what he would do with his fortune. He was earnestly s olicited not to leave the town, and was sumpt . ucuA y entertained at a cafe. The friends that he had not day after he quietly informed his gained the prize, but had e h during 24 hours the haulaged them, in order to receive aidto vrealth. Ay pTbe Duchess of Orleans Baussus, 6u"children, the Count de Paris and the accompanied by her a numerous suite, arrived at Ostend Dac de Chartres, si x o'clock, and proceeded shortly after this morning at a 4ps route to Eisenac h.ward A writer in the N orth British Mail, who signs himself,,Parallax," has recently revived the ancient belief that the surface of then orld if; flat, and Dot round, a 4 af.. firmed 1:7 modern r,ciece. ,- 11 ~ i