The Sun. — London, England, 1851-01-31 00:00:00

of a , `ue e3ttipany numbering some 11,970, upon which the 201, pany gave him cr e d i t f or a ll t h e ca ll s amouu ting to e a° ll . Mr. Cameron being dissatisfied with the inci ltement of the concern applied to the secretary in Au akst last to be a ll owe d to inspect the books and account F, ieh as refused on the ground that he could not be `'ea , In the light of a bona fide shareholder, and ho ~r 4 aa therefo re b een compelled to have recourse to the e "eat Proceedings t o en f orce hi s r i g h t. 4111. r. Justice Faux w as no t qu i te cer t a i n that a man tas was the proper remeJy. air • ji a im °cows knew of no other, nor was he aware .. t here was any p rece d ent f or th i s app li cat ion. the e., 41 r. Justice Eau: was informed by the clerk of a;" 1 / 1 1 that there was a shareholder in the Waterford, i;eixford, Wicklow, and Dublin Railway Company, who c on , °ll tained a mandamus to inspect the books of that t e l a aYi and upon the strength of that decision a rule P ole cause. might go in this case. (.. Mai accordingly. i na 4l h ard Martin, Esq., 8.A., was sworn in this morn .' being called to the degree of Barrister-at-Law. C Mtvr MUN PLEAS.—(THIS DAY.) (Sittings in Banco.) Thi s BAGSTER v. RICE. a r ale erl a ing a case in which Mr. Bramwell had abtained Street Upon George Flintoff, bookseller, of Fleet eau,' I tod Joseph Ch uc k, b a iliff and broker, to show th en w a3' an attachment should not be issued against Sheri for ille ga ll y rescuing goods from the officers o f t h e of t h i !°f Middlesex, an d assau l t i ng th em in the execution the e t - e ir d at3 7 . From th e a ffid av it s it appeared that, on t an, 7.." September last, the Sheriff's bailiff, Mr. Slo-St. a 4,7 ,48 in possession of the premises of Mr. Rice, of d whil e 7 ,„'" a 'a - lane, under a warrant from the Sheriff, an fo r i re Possession Chuck the broker put in a distress th e e at, to the amount of 841., condemned the goods en listelletnises, and sold them to Mr. Flintoff, who, as arerm bY the broker's men, proceeded to carry them, abet' ri ng the resistance which was offered b the A .,. 8 followers . The ease now came on for argument. eraidSe.rgeant BILES, for Mr. Flintoff, read a number t the ay ttai which satisfied the Court that he was no Pere en applie s ' l2 O was sworn to in the affidavits of the _c ant. Mr. E . the n , "AXEs, for Mr. Chuck, before entering . into the erns afRA °I ? the case, took a preliminary objection that d that -- " al it of Mr. Sloman, the Sheriff's bailiff, state pr eoi the 9th of September he was in possession of the 24ta o f: 'a tlnestion, under a warrant issued on the and god ti gust, by the Sheriff, and signed Messrs. Carden f k ic i dl gkin , so n liiicon that office the Sheriff of Loudon and Sheriff o Period sat Now it was a well-known fact that at that d th e as filled by Messrs. Lawrence an 2 and that it was not until the 28th of September, meal day for changing the sheriffs in London, that tiles .offic e. Carden and Hodgkinson were elected to the Th e L ieeti on ° lip CHIEF JUSTICE said this was a fatal ob voni',.. It was not at all likely that these gentlemen fo re I . l ave been so premature as to sign a warrant be d fse ed t ," tune of their taking office. Mr. Sloman Pk an ° s how that he had been anything but a tres (nada.- °li the premises. The rule must, therefore, be -rged.--Rule discharged. k r 7 , DoYLE re LAWRENCE AND OTHERS. Raz ...4:RoBIPSoN in this case applied for leave to enter n a vesil l '" 0 11 to deprive the plaintiff of costs. Thea-,.tio Ch,. o ,pt i ight by the plaintiff, Mr. Doyle, of the Wee kly dar b :te, against the Sheriff of Middlesex, to recover for te lt for a false imprisonment. A verdict was given ke n ,' Plaintiff, with 40s. damages, and it was now lio n t to deprive. The affidavit on which this applica aahiwas grounded stated that the defendants resided f e etip,.. a 20 miles from the plaintiff, and that the cause o sse t " h arose within the jurisdiction of the County Court,. h ale 1; 14 it Was, therefore, competent to the plaintiff to , r ought hie action in the County Court. Ltie granted. • IN s OLVENCy.—(THIS DAY.) . 1 . Tap_ MATTER OF ARTHUR HENRY LEMA N . the 0" ca se, which ha s b een f r om time to time be f ore fo rt i s uu rt, and reported in this journal, was this morning L e ard. lo t , pi : Insolvent had g o t i n t o p oss ession of a house be -4(1'4 to a M r . Oppenheim, in Great Prescott-street, 13r0Pertinled it as p ar t o f the Leman estate , which Nit to Yhe w as i nterested. Mr. Oppenheim had been of 1,1, considerable law expenses and was still kept out 'Mo e , Pr° Perty, which he had ' held for thirty years; it a trust property, he was compelled to recover 141 % ,: se 'sion. The insolvent had been some time in Ile 1 1 3"d admitted that since he had filed his petition katl lt „ r- made an ag reement t o let the house in question, ould not give up his birthright. Vtv;e„arden opposed, and Mr. Saunders supported the ta." w '-(oriouit again adjourned the case. LITERATURE. MISCELLANEOUS WORKS of Me RIGHT HON. SIR JAMES MACKINTOSH. 1 Vol. Longrnans and Company. Among the splendid intellects whose contempo raneous appearance in Edinburgh about the begin ning of the present century imparted a peculiar lustre to the capital of Scotland, not the least remarkable was that of James Mackintosh. If an attestation of the truth of this sentence were required we might find it lying visibly at our elbow in the form of this noble volume—a book comprising the majority of his brilliant and diversified compositions. Such testimo nies are not, however, by any means demanded, the fame of the departed scholar and statesman having long since grown to a magnitude more than merely European. 'Wherever the intelligence of the Anglo- Saxon mind bas been rendered apparent, wherever the glory of our English literature has been recog nized, wherever the influence of our modern state craft has been in any marked manner experienced, the abilities of Sir James Mackintosh have come at last to be in some measure at least appreciated. These are, in fact, the inevitable fruits of every such sound and ripened reputation. They are as inevitable as the beams flowing from a luminous body. And it is well for the interests of civilization and for the general cause of human advancement that such should be the case— the capacities of a single genius being, through the medium of this sympathetic intercommunication, diffused among the minds of the multitude. Mr. Emerson has said that no thought when once uttered can be monopolized, that an articulated truth cannot be regarded as individual property, but that it be longs to every mind that can embrace or appreciate it. In other words, the recognition of a thought makes that thought the possession of its appreciator quite as much and as actually as it had previously been the possession of its originator. That is not the only poet who writes poetry—say as •Shelley or Drummond—but the reader of Shelley or Drummond, forming a right estimate of the poetic effusion, be comes, while so doing, himself a poet in like manner. He again is not the only philosophic thinker who can pen volumes such as those of Kant or Bentham, but the man who can peruse the writings of Kant or Bentham, and do so understandingly, is also as true a metaphysician. It is from our entire coincidence in these views, and from our sense of their almost inestimable value, that we exult in the renown achieved for himself among the nations of the earth by a strong and original genius like that of Mackintosh. We feel that in the very circumstance of his celebrity we may perceive a calculable increase in the amount of general intel ligence. So that, according to the multitude and fame of such individuals in an age, we may in exact proportion and in a corresponding ratio estimate the progress of popular enlightenment. From these con siderations, we are impelled to become in a way as earnest hero-worshippers as Mr. Carlyle himself, in reference especially to the lights of science and of literature. Gladly, therefore, do we offer our meed of homage to the memory of a man like Sir James Mackintosh one, and not the least conspicuous, among these veritable benefac tors of our species and eagerly and cordially welcome a volume like the present con taining the mass of his miscellaneous productions. With the names of Francis Horner, the Babbage of political economists, of Francis Jeffrey, the Leibnitz of reviewers, of Henry Brougham the Crichton both of politics and of literature, has become associated, we believe, inextricably that of the versatile author of the work lying before us for consideration. The mere fact of his being the compeer of such individuals as those we have just mentioned, is a sufficient proof that the mind of Sir James Mackintosh was of no ordinary character; and his inherent capacities were perfected by the number and splendour of his ac quirements. Let the contents of the volume on our desk be the illustration of this, an illustration at once attractive and elevating. Throughout the various themes selected by Sir James Mackintosh may be observed the vigour of his understanding, the depth of his meditations, the beauty of his style, and the abounding wealth of his knowledge. This, moreover, upon all occa sions, and under all circumstances—no matter whether bis luminous pencil is touching upon politics, upon philosophy, or upon one or other of the contrasting departments of literature. Everywhere the writer is "at home" with his subject—everywhere his hand ~ratters abroad with a lavish prodigality the riches of his rare and curious information. Throughout the whole of the remarkable treatise with which the book of his collected writings opens—the dissertation on the progress of ethical philosophy, chiefly during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, published originally in the seventh edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica—throughout the whole of this majestic composition are apparent the scope of his capacities and the ornate beauties of his rhetoric. Many careless blemishes naturally crept into a production of such extent, written hurriedly for the purpose of being hastily printed in the great compilation alluded to, but these have been mostly obliterated by the judicious hand of the editor, his respect for the writings of his departed relative fortunately not pre cluding him from such successful efforts at their emendation. In this already celebrated treatise Sir James Mackintosh has passed severally in review the genius of Grotius and of Hobbes, the in fluence exercised on that portion of ethical philo sophy relating to the moral faculties and the social affections by such controversialsts as Cumberland, as Cudworth, Clarke, Shaftesbury, Fenelon, Bossuet, Leibnitz, Edwards, Buffier, and Mallebranche, alluding, especially in the end, to the foundation of a more just theory of ethics than had before existed, in spite or through the instrumen tality of writers like Butler, Hutcheson, Berkeley, Hume, Smith, Price, Hartley, Tucker, Paley, Stewart, Brown, and Bentham. The general re marks with which the dissertation terminates are charactefised by an incomparable excellence. Foremost among the essays of Mackintosh is the celebrated 'one in which he has contrasted, somewhat after the fashion of P iutarcb, the " Philosophical Genius of Lord Bacon and Mr. Locke." This is followed by his large- hearted " Discourse on the Law of Nature and Nations." Then we have the " one entire and perfect chrysolite" of his "Life of Sir Thomas More," the greatest, the gentlest, and the most spotless character whose name is recorded in our national annals—a biography worthy of being enumerated in the same category with the life of Savage by Johnson, of Goldsmith by Irving, and of. Nelson by Southey—a jewel—among memoirs as the life of Benvenuto Cellini is among autobiographies. After the ingenious " Refutation of the Claim on be half of King Charles I. to the authorship of EIKSIN BAIAIKH, and the elaborate "Memoir of the Affairs of Holland," comes the famous "Review of the Causes of the Revolution of 1688," in which Sir James Mackintosh revealed his extraordinary pow ers as an historical commentator. I Hi s account of the " Partition of Poland," perhaps ' the most admirable narrative of that catastrophe ever penned, his masterly " Statement of the Case of Donna Maria da Gloria," and his inimitable " Sketch of the Administration and Fall of Struensee," impart an ad ditional interest to the volume, whose later attractions are enhanced by the reprint of the well-known reviews o n Samuel Rogers' " Poems," on Madame de Staiirs,. " L'Allernagne;' and on the writings of " Machiavel." The " Vindicw Gallicee," in which famous work Mackintosh dired, and not presumptuously, to cope with the virile and majestic abilities of Edmund Burke, stands, of course, prominently forward among the rest of these miscellaneous compositions. The close of the volume is preluded by the strains of that classic eloquence which for a quarter of a century resounded at intervals within the walls of the Imperi a l P ar li amen t— cons picuous among t hem being those on the civil government of Canada, on the affairs of Portugal, on the criminal law , and on the system of national representation. Altogether it will be seen that the work under review contains the very pith and marrow of the genius of Sir James Mackintosh, yielding t o t h e b oo k-l over a n inestimable treasure, and affording another golden volume to the long catalogue of those already issued from the great publishing establishment of the Messrs. Longman. AMERICAN NEWS. A RRIVAL I SI -."4:VAL OF THE CITY OF GLASGOW. At law , LIVERPOOL, TUURSDAY. early hour this morning the screw-steamer of Glasgow Captain Matthews, ent e red the f oh r!ey, from Philadelpia, after a run of thirteen days 411 71Leeti h ours . She brought twenty-two passengers 1 ,,a fair cargo of goods. L,_'ere is not any intelligence of the least interest patella arrival, the Niagara's advices having antici bQ all that is in the Philadelphia papers now to / append all that is worthy of notice. pi: the Senate a lengthy and fierce debate had taken to j e, relative t o th e re moval of free coloured people ti —i fica• Mr. Henry Clay presented several peti ih.tta favour of the subject, as well as one from ki o de Isla n d , pray i ng that more effectual means }I - gut be taken for suppressing the slave trade. oth t he petitions were ultimately permitted to lie on pi table. a ted Several members of Congress had also Slane l3 lll. petitions preying for repeal of the Fugitive la w ln the louse of Representatives the new postal were being discussed. Th e planters of South Alabama were about to bold 4„,,ceevention to devise means for suppressing an ex pected insurrection of the negroes. ReA: lottery of pictures fox the benefit of the passen y ,by the Helena Sloman, which took place at New r ?K) produced 657 dollars. first walls of s i x f our - story b r i c k houses in twenty . . garat-street New York, fell on the 15th instant wit h a n t , rem endous crash. Several persons were d a large number severely wounded. Workmen de%, re bliss , clearin g awa y th e ru bbish, and several ac a bodie s h a d b een recovered an d t a k en to the etti on . house. th il ews had ar r i ve d a t N ew O r l eans t o the effect eiexi.the Government of Y uca t an b a d s eparated from c. in Mr. Joh n C. Campbell had sailed from New York th e empire State, as chief engineer of the Panama Among the post-offices recently established is that ~,, New Buda, D ecatur county, lowa, of w General Ladislaus Ujhazy, l a t e G overno r of Comore, has been appointed postmaster. lessrs. J ames Goold and Co., of Albany, have finishedB,_. a pony-sleigh, of very beautiful workman el!, for the World's Exhibition. aThere i s no t h i ng new about Jenny Lind at Haven -11• The Faro expresses its gratification at the mo ;Trate scale o f pr i ces. A dance, entitled `'The Ar valof Jenny Li n d , " was already in the course of pti ,)'eation ; and the F aro expresses its inability to publish th e i mmense quantity of poetry relative to the oc which it bad received. The Havaneros are r eady ander the spell. COMMERCIAL. At Philadelphia, on the 15th instant, the, delayed sr- Itsf , " of the steamer Atlantic had acted unfavourably on i re market for cotton, and transactions haie b een vi i ted, without any change in prices. For flour there 0, 4 a steady demand, and sales reached 1,600 to 1,700 43 ., including standard Penna. brands at 4 dolls. 62ic., rid 500 b r l s . c h o i ce wes t ern a t 4 dolls. 75c., all t a k en o r export ; the retailers are buying only in small lots, 4/ former quoted rates. Rye flour and corn meal re -1,4111 quiet, the latter is offered at 2 dolls. 87ic. per arrel for Penna. meal. Grain—Very little arriving, 4 ,," the demand for corn good, with sales of 3,000 to '. OO O bushels Southern and Penna. yellow at 60c., in I ,t Pre• Oats scarce and wanted. Rye is selling at 70c. O r Penna. Wheat continues without demand, and dull. 15 ark is firm at 321 dolls. first No. 1 Quercitron. Seeds 'No alteration, and sales moderate. Now comes the " of the North,' JOHN SCOTT'S turn. Out of nine entries ' me-third only are of any no', viz.:—NeNvminster, colt by Tearaway and Storm. My estimation of their merits and pretensions was shown in _ _ my Derby Handicap, published in The Sun last Monday. Since then I hive ascertained that Storm's understand ings are very cranky, and likely to give way altogether in the course of a Derby preparation; so I will dismiss him from my thoughts at once, and proceed to a consideration of Mr. Nichol': chance with his b c Newminster, by Touchstone out of Beeswing, who, like several other; is dark, but with a reputation of having achieved wonders in private; within the last day or two, some sinister reports have been afloat concerning bim, but I am happy to say for the most part without foundation in truth. As I re marked the other day, he is an improvement in she.Nue nykiik breed; was as late as last week, looking and going well; and from appearances bids fair, with his fine quarters, to show the field the way up the Derby hill; more anon. The Tearaway colt has not speed enough to beat his stable companions, but he will be heard of, 'calculate, iu the handicap department. Having glanced at the principal lots, containing likewise the principal animals, I shall just pass a few comments on ono or two of the nastaway division; Mr. Clark's stout half bred son of Venison and a ,Defence mare. The Marl borough buck is quite capable, I imagine, of repeating on a pinch the Hotspur dose of 1849, consequently taking liberties with him is a remarkably dangerous movement. Lightfoot is not worth a thought! Sir Gilbert Heathcote's Lady Geraldine colt is fancied by a select circle, but the cognoscenti of the ring pass him over. __...... Mr. Saxon's The Black Doctor, like unto Colonel Peel's The Black Sea, will find the company too good for them. COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT. FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) COWES, JAN. 30. u ttaTii OF A. CENTENARIAN.—On the 25th inst., in ( 7 41 7- terrace, West Cowes, in the 104th year of her age, c Mary Read, widow of the late William Read, ship ;right. The old lady had always enjoyed good health, nd had never required a doctor except at her confine the,"l's• She appeared in her usual health at four o'clock at five was a corpse. Her sight was so good that _ sue could see to cut profiles and a variety of rikPer ornaments with her scissors. The Queen, hearing her fame in this art and her great age, sent for her to a Osbor ne , Palace, about twelve months since, when she cut ' , l t. s everal birds, cats, &c.. for the Princess Royal, the "ace of Wales, &c., and for the Duchess of Kent, who Were present. H er M a jesty and Prince Albert mad e her so me,, handsome presents, as did the Royal children. There are two of her neighbours whose ages exceed 90 years s each, and twenty-three whose united ages amount 1 ,812 y ears, averag i n g 79 years each, yet this is in one the lowest and most densely populated neighbour °°(lB- It is c ons id ere d to be the most unhealthy dis trict in this town. In Inspector Ranger's printed report ~,,e describ es i t as b e i ng " in h a bit e d by pigs and people." he Isle of Wight artist of the Illustrated London News Z t o favour its read ers w ith her likeness and memoirs. r• Read' s b rot h er was carpenter o f the immortal Nel son's ship at the battl e of Trafalgar. ‘,ostiNG of AGE.—Mr. Bell, son of Robert Bell, Esq., of N or • n e Castle, East Cowes, attained his majority to daya The Castle has been full of company all the week , is likely to continue so for some time. There is only one Continued round of rejoicing there. SACRED .HARAIONIC SOCIETY. The members of this society performed Handers oratorio of Israel in Egypt last evening at Exeter hall, and notwithstanding the additional rehearsal which had been given to it, in consequence, we be lieve, of the marked and lamentable failure of the chorus in the performance of Elijah, yet we regret to say that there was no great i mprovement observable last night in the performances of the ladies and gen tlemen connected with the choral d e p ar t ment . If sound alone constitutes music, then were the chorus singers of the Sacred Harmonic Society musical, for their uproar last evening was at times fearful ; but so long as they continue to render the sublime com positions of Handel after their present fashion, th e y are scorcely entitled to style their society " Har monic." Mr. Costa, as usuai, took the music too quick. Mr. St. George's Brother to Chanticleer has been backed for a good deal of money; all gone into the sink ing fund. To sum up, it is my present opinion that THE PRIME MINISTER WILL WIN! and that Newminster and Grecian are his most formidable opponents. I also think that Lamartine is quite equal to the task of getting a place; and that the Squire's nag and Marlborough Buck may divide the first flight from the ruck. These are my present opinions; time may disarrange them; but as, with the exception of Storm, I have stuck to my colours for the ensuing Darby for nearly two years (having selected The Prime Minister, Newminster, Lamartine, and Storm in 1849), I think it highly probable tnat I may nail them to the mast, as " Vatss ' did with his memo rable tartan. I am, Sir, yours, &c. THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF. Jan. 31, 1851. SPORTING IN TELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAY. LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 10 to 1 agst Vain Hope 12 to 1 agst Maria Day 12 to I agst Abd-el-Kader NORTHAMPTONSHIRE STAKES. 12 to I agat Mr. Meiklam's Cocktail—taken CHESTER CUP. 10 to 1 agst Mr. Treen's Rhesus 20 to 1 agst Mr. Pedley's Cossack—taken 20 to 1 agst Mr. J. Brown's Haricot—taken 25 tol agst Lord Clifden's Wallflower—taken to 1001. 25 to 1 agst Lord Strathmore's Montague—taken 25 to 1 agst Lord Chesterfield's Lady Evelyn 40 to 1 agst Mr. Saxon's The Black Doctor—taken 40 to 1 agat Lord Caledon's The Flying Goat 50 to 1 agst Lord Eglinton's The Knight of Avenel 1,000 to 20 egst Mr. Glen's Damask—taken 1,000 to 20 agst Mr. Howard's Brother to Dough—t 1,000 to 15 agst Mr. Carew's Eva—taken 1,000 to 15 agst Mr. Disney's Sir Richard—taken 15,000 to 150 agst Mr. Kemp's Sprite filly—taken The chief alteration in the betting on the above event was in Cossack, who, in consequence of some sinister rumours, was sent to the right about on Wednesday, but rallying, was quoted at the opening of business this afternoon at 20 to 1, layers. Them odds were taken near the close of the betting, to three or four ponies, and his backer seemed disposed to go on. Of the other horses included in our return, Rhesus, Haricot, Wallflower, Montague, The Flying Gout, and The Black Doctor, were most in favour. TWO THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES. 500 even laid on Grecian—taken DERBY. 5 to 1 agst Mr. Howard's Grecian 12 to 1 agst ;N lr.Osbaldeston's Mountain Sylph colt —taken 25 to 1 agst Mr. Powney's Lunartine—taken 25 to 1 egst Mr. Meiklam's Constellation—taken Clark 's Sylph colt o a l and wd M a Marlborough bh l b ee c o kd g htbßr Marlboroughu2o o k o - 1. ,B t a u k acn e kd n , o OAKS. f L o a r T m 4 i h a o o e r o t t . M n:e a ° , l4 t u C g : s h o :a e n iM s u c e t r i S l o l yT t e e t d odds. 15 to 1 agst Mr. Payno's Citadel—taken 25 to 1 agst Sir G. Heathcote's Dark Susan filly--t ST. ALBAN'S STEEPLECHASE. Miss Mowbray is scratched for this event. PORTLAND ROADS, JAN. 30.—(From a Corres pondent. )-100 sail at anchor, all well. The beneficial effects of the breakwater (1,030 feet) is already felt. It blew hard all last night S.W. to W.S.W. to N.W.to W.S.W., more mo derate squalls with heavy rain; a heavy sea in the west bay; a large steamer beating down channe.. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITITTION.—The infant harpists, the Lockwood family, afters very successful tour throughout England and Scotland, bare just returned to town, and are now performing daily at this institution, under the direction of their instructor, Mr. Frederick Chatterton. Their constant practice during an absence of about three years in the country has greatly contributed towards the perfection of harp-playing, which is fully appreciated by crowded audiences. To the curio us c l o cks we would point out one just being demonstrat e d which has all the ap pearance of magic, and, like all magic.l.l delusions, is easily comprehended; it is explained in the treat hall of the es tablishment amongst the other mechanical inventions, and was introduced here by the president .f the institution, Sir George Cayley, Bart. In appearance i. , is simply one sheet of glass and a hand, yet this instrumert chronicles time ac curately. colllhe Pope has j us t presented to t h e V a ti can a rich action of pontifical coins, commencing from Gregory 11. (A.D. 731), and ending with Gregory XVI. • d.oRD,. PANiuuRE.-,-It gives us great pleasure to PPiltnounee that this venerable nobleman has very much im eyed-in health- sin ce our notice last week, and hopes are _itertained that he nay yet be able to add a few more to the nnumerable charities by which his name is so universally "IKUOVirn...aontrose Standard. THE ARMY.—It was currently rumoured at the clubs yesterday that the favourites for the vacant regiments were Major-G enera l `Vi n yard, C. 8., Major-General Auch muty, C. 8., and Major-General Lightfoot, C.B. ROYAL BANK OF AUSTRALlA. — Yesterday the meeting before his Honour Master Richards, to proceed with the supplemental list, consisting of executors and trustees, was adjourned, Messrs. Prymo, Bartholomew, and Lucas, the executors of Mr. R. Bayley, 8, Old-buildings, Lincoln's Inn, who is sought to be placed on the list for thirty shares,not being prepared with the necessary evidence. It appearrd from the company's books and executorial accounts that dividends and calls had been paid out of the estate in respect of these shares, but only, as alleged, with the knowledge of one of the executors. Lord Durham has spent 1,4001. in draining his estates during the last ten years, the tenants being charged 5 per cent. on the outlay. Last year Lord Durham allowed 20 per cent. of the rent to be expended in drainage, build ings, and manure. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 3l, 1851. MR. MACREADY,.-The Era newspaper of to morrow will contain a full and original Memoir of the eminent actor Mr. Macready. Order of all newsmen , o r send six postage stamps to the E ra office, 3, Catherine - stree t, Strand. THE CAPE DE VERD ISLANDS.—We have infor mation of a recent date from an English resident in San Nicholas of a series of calamities which have destroyed a large proportion of the inhabitants, and threaten to reduce the remainder to actual starvation, unless prompt relief be afforded in aid of the succours which have already been sent to them from a neighbouring island. The facts are briefly these :—During the latter end of the past year fever, ushered in by a preliminary attack of measles and hooping cough, appeared first amongst the p,or inhabitants of the town, then attacked the wealthy, spresd through the country districts, and prevailed so universally and severely that scarcely an individual escaped the malady, and out of a po pulation of about 4,500 there were above 700 deaths in about four months. In many houses not an inhabitant remained to bury their dead ; those that did not 3erish by disease died from starvation for the want of aid. 'ln the midst of these calamities there arose on the 2d of September a frightful hurricane, which in the course of three or four hours swept away the whole of the crops, and completely destroyed near 400 houses, and as there is only one annual crop in these islands the wretched inhabit ants have the prospect of imme diate famine staring them in the face, enless they can receive assistance in the way of provisions fron other than the limited sources of their immediate neighbourhood. MURDER IN CUMBERLAND.—Ve regret to have to record the perpetration of a most shaking murder in Mary port. The victim is Anne Clarke, the wife of Joseph Clarke, a seaman, now abroad, and who for thee or four months past lived in a cellar under the house of tie Rev. Mr. Bookless ' a Dissenting minister, residing i n Fl em i ng -square. Th e a ff a i r is involved in considerable mystery. The woman resided alone, and had been last seen on Friday night, first by a female in the service of AU-.Bookies, and afterwards by a man named William Irving, who states that he sat up with her until one o'clock on Saturday ran-ping, when he left her in bed. The window shutter of theeellar not having been opened from that time until NOn4 A b sus plejealwas excited. It imagined that something was,wrong, inquiries began to tli dobr of the cellar was being made respecting her, and accoberdingly forced upen, when the deceased was found stretched on the floor, quite dead, with a towel tightly twisted over her head and under the chin. A jury was em pannelled, and an investigation entered into at the Braddyll Arms LED. The inquiry was commenced on Tuesday, but from the conflicting nature of the evidence, no satisfactory' conclusion could be arrived at; and it was therefore deemed advisable by the coroner to adjourn the inquest till Friday, ordering a post mortem examimation to be made in the inte rim. Accordingly on that day the inquiry was resumed, when the evidence of the witnesses was proceeded with, and extended over that and the following day. Eventually the jury returned a verdict of " Wilful murder against some person or persons unknown. DINNER, TO M. EX-SHERIFF NICOLL.—The new representative for the ward of Cornhill in the Court of Common Council, having been invited by an influential took place yeste r d ay even i ng at T om ' s body of his constitue nts to m eet them at dinner, the re unioninwhere gly was accordingly Coffee-house, t a ken by Mr. J. Carter, w h o f u lfill e d a ll i ts The chair duties with much abili t y and good taste. After the usual preliminaries, the Chair man g ave the toast of the evening, viz., , " Health to Mr. ex-Sheriff Ni coll , " conveying at the same a time l acknowledgments to eulogium on that gentleman's public career; for which Mr. Nicoll replied, expressing his gefu ts the electors, a n d assur ing them of his earnest desir e to deserve their good opinion, and to maintain to the utm ost of hi s ability the hospitable g associations connected wit h their ancient and highly re spectable ward. The Chai rman's health was followed by other appropriate toasts, when the company separated, after hearing some excellent glee and ballad singing, under the direction of Mr. Edney, assisted by Messrs. Shoubridge and Holmes. Dickens) wished to remark that we knew on the one hand what this tax yielded, but w;: did not know vvh:it it cost in the way of immorality o: degradation. Whether they used their own eyes and went into the worse parts of that town, or of the otil,tr large towns Of England, and there saw the thousands of doncrall sing publications circulated, or whether they read the reports of gaol inspectors and chaplains, they would find that the dissemination of low publications was at the root of much of the pauperism, crime, and many of the other social evils of the country. He would respectfully suggest, therefore, that the Government got little by this tax but odium, and although he could not agree with Mr. Crompton, that he would prefer its repeal to the repeal of the window-tax, be cause he believed the latter was chargeable with im mense social and sanitary evils, still he would submit that they might repeal both. Mr. SMITH, of Bingley, wished just to observe, that the Americans not only took the raw material of paper out of this country, but sent the manufactured article into our own North American territory. Re move this duty, however, and the English manu facturer could advantageously compete with all the world. Mr. CROMPTON then handed in ninety-five memo rials, signed by upwards cf 11,000 names, from vari ous parts of the country, praying for the repeal of the tax on paper ; and expressed a hope that the Govern ment, by removing the duty, would supersede the necessity for any further agitation or petitions on the subject. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER then ad dressed the deputation. He said he had listened at tentively to the statements of the different gentlemen who had spoken ; but, of course, they were aware that he could not then give them any information as to what his intention was. That privilege of whis pering into his ear which had been referred to, was not, they were aware, confined to the manufac turers of paper alone ; and next week, he believed, he was to see bodies of gentlemen who complained of having to pay taxes of almost every possible de scription. Before he made up his mind as to what course to pursue he must, therefore, hear their " whisperings," as well as those of the gentlemen present. The deputation then withdrew. THE FOUR 711 ESTATE.—PAPER DUTY. (From the Times.) The gross. we are told by our flatterers, is the Fourth Estate of the realm. If that ye Lau. .f iso power, it is still more true of its insulation. Even in its most com prehensive sense it is an estate, and therefore a class. The result is, that while it can do everything for others, and is the medium of all changes, good or bad, in the community at large, it is almost utterly helpless for its own good. That will partly account for the fact, that though it provokes and collects all the complaints of other tax-payers, and transmits them to the Government and the Legislature, it is at this moment the most tax laden interest in the kingdom. The sheet before you, good reader, is taxed up to the throat. The material is taxed nearly 2d. per pound; the advertisements are taxed ls. 6d. a piece; and though the sheet before us is still under the sameroof as the printing machine, its publication, to the distance of about a dozen yards, entails the stamp duty of a penny. It pays all this assignable and appre ciable taxation besides the numerous rates and taxes, direct and indirect—customs, excise, assessed taxes, and income-tax—incident upon our building, our servants, and the many dutiable commodities they consume. How is it that the universal friend of the distressed, the patron saint of afflicted tax-payers, and the agitator-general against all manner of grievances, cannot take better care of itself than to groan under this heap of taxation? The press must be a very wooden idol if, while thousands expect deliverance at his bands, it cannot help itself in a strait. One reason, we suppose, is, that as the press has always been the voice that called he nation to war and every other expense, so, like the trumpeter in the fable, it must pay the penalty of its too successful exhortations. But the chief cause of its burdened condition is its insu lation as a class. It can plead for others, but not for itself. This Fourth Estate, represented by a body of paper makers, publishers, writers, and editors, met on Wed nesday at an extempore hall of assembly in Palace-yard to discuss their grievances, which they yesterday laid before the Chancellor of the Exchequer. By some happy instinct they had picked up a fsw score me morials which gave a sort of public cha racter to the movement, otherwise never did anything look more like a class meeting. In fact it was the fourth .estate in all its majesty —multifarious, jealous, divided, and presenting infinite varieties from " the trade," with its orthodox octavos, to the amateur printer of the Working Man's Friend— from the writer of our popular novels to the publishers of our cheap miscellanies—from the man who makes paper of his own cotton waste to the man who, like the children of Israel, goes about looking for straw. Though heterogeneous, it was still one; and when it marched yesterday in solemn procession to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, he could hardly fail to think of it as of a party of gentlemen come to 'ask for 800,0001. a year. Indeed, some of them pay such large quotas of that sum as to help, in spite of themselves, the inevitable illusion that it is a class question. Messrs. Chambers, Charles Knight, Hall, and the other proprietors of serials or pe riodicals, pay every year as much as would make pretty fortunes divided between them and their writers. it e pay the moderate sum of 16,0001. a year, exactly a fiftieth part of the gross sum raised by the duty. Now, here is the difficulty and hardship of our case. We can hardly aSk for a remission of duty with a decent face. The Times was not represented in the deputation yesterday. Had it been, Sir Charles Wood, who was evidently half worried, half amused with the conference, might have said to our re presentative, "I can understand your objection to the tax very well, for it amounts to a penchant for 16,0001. a year over and above your present receipts." As far as we can see—though the result might undeceive us — this would be a true account of the matter. The paper duty only amounting to a small fraction of a penny on each paper, we should still be obliged to charge the present fivepence to the public; while competition would keep paper down at the present price, minus the duty. How could we go to ask the Chancellor of the Ex chequer for the salary of a Lord Chancellor or an Arch bishop? Of course we shall be most happy to accept it, and if it is possible to spend more money on the paper to any purpose we are ready to do so; but in the first in stance, at all events, it is asking for 16,000!. a year Others are in the same case. Hence the unavoidable. class character of the movement; hence the difficulty there is in getting up a good popular movement against the paper duty. Such a difficulty we presume there must be, else more than a few thousand names would have been collected to the memorials presented yesterday to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. In honest truth, and putting our own interests out of the question —thinking, also, with Mr. C. Dickens that the window tax is a degree worse than the paper tax— we still believe the latter to be a very great evil. The hardships stated yesterday by the manufacturers and publishers almost surpass belief, were it not notorious that some hundreds of paper mills have been totally ruined by the duty and no longer exist, while cheap periodicals of immense circulation and the best and soundest matter have been stopped by this single item of their cost. The public ought to know that in cheap publications, dependent for success upon very large issues, there is a direct antagonism between the cost of authorship and the paper duty. With a sale of 50,000 copies a publisher can affiard to pay his authors very handsomely and to employ great variety of talent; but that circulation is not attainable unless the raw material—the paper—be cheap. They who have no commisseration for publishers will perhaps have some for authors. Poor authors! Without caste, without profession, withoilt promotion—incapable of office, un known to the Treasury, unemployed, uuennobied, unre warded, and, except in some rare instances, unpensioned —there exists not a more pitiable class, though the spread of education is continually adding to their num bers. As a general rule, their only hope lies in the re sources at the command of the publisher; but when the Chancellor of the Exchequer steps in and levies 5,0001 . or 6,0001. from, say,- -the Art Jdurnal, before it has yielded one penny of-profit for its. enterprising proprietor, what chance is there of artists sad authors being paid as "they deserve? The poor fellow whose profession is his pen is not only excluded from every department of the public service, but actually robbed of that which is his Town—that capital which his pen has created— for he that taxes paper taxes the pen that gives it cur rency and value. (From the Post.) It will hardly, we presume, be disputed that the pri. mary object of the financial statesman, whenever he happens to be placed in a position to inaugurate any modifications of taxation, which however cunningly de vised, cannot but be in some degree disagreeable and re strictive, is to select for preferential abolition or reduc tion those taxes which are levied on manufactures,, iu respect of which we have, both in domestic and external markets, to struggle with foreign rivals, and whi n ? . operate restrictively on our ability successfully to CO oy. pets with those rivals in quality and in cost of pro4 . il n e_ti.,, e The Times, in urging the advisability of repetl a i v f :;" 0. window duty rather than that which d we iw ared, to deavoured, and we believe successfully en er e in a man nerpr upon the manufacture of intercepts o f the mere so injurious, not merely to the n ur stand upon so manufacturer—for we have not . ta t e ta of the community, narrow a ground—but to the in appears entirely to have overlookede or ignored this es sential and guiding principle. ed the observation of the Possibly it may have a e t l on was involved in the weigh- Times that this co nsideration of windows and paper, for a of excise. duty —possibly OUT contemporary ing of the respect i ve suspicion that the adoption of le might ultimately lead to an unavoidable ha bad a luau g r m e a m y issi . o v n e. of the soundness of what we once described t ol e o r p l it i r r i °: uP ciple o f protected competition. _ ar t his es e There are two ways i of shelteri ng y our d omest i c ma nufacturers, whether n home or in external markets, from being overwhelmed by the advancing tide of foreign production. One rue de is to impo se u p on t h e i mporter o f the results of forei4n industry and capital d u ti es for the enjoyment of the privilege of access to your own markets, of such an a moun t as s h a ll prevent hi s un f a i r ly underselling the domestic producer; and the other is to enable the domestic producer, by the remission of any duties which are peculiar to his branch of industry, and which enhance to him the cost of manufacture, to bring his produce into market at the lowes price of the world. It is to the application of the principle of protection , in its last-mentioned shape, that our cotton manufacture owes, in a great measure, its present unexampled deve lopment and greatness. It was not possible to protect the British cotton-spinner by the imposition of Customs duties on the import of foreign commodit ies , nor ws SPORTING NOTES. No. V. ANALYSIS OF THE SEVENTY-SECOND DERBY. (Concluded from No. IV.) 66 The TURFS mine oyster, Which I with judgment will open." SHAKSPERE (slightly altered). TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—Seventy-one years have elapsed since the first Derby Stakes at Epsom, with 36 subs., were won by Sir Charles Buobury's Diomed in very clever style, beating a field of eight. No very great improvement, either in the number of subscribers or starters took place until 1825, when the former amounted to 58, and Lord Jersey's Middleton (sire of Bay Middleton, and grandsire of The Flying Dutchman), ridden by Robinson, beat a field of 17 ; from this time the position of the Derby was determined, it became the first racing stake in the universe. In 1827, a considerable ad vance in the number of subscribers took place, they suddenly rose to 89, and for four successive years (Ma meluke e, Cadland's, Frederick's, and Priam's) remained at that identical figure; from this period the number of subs. gradually increased, until in 1842 (Attila's year) they amounted to 180; however, in the two following years they fell off considerably, and in the Merry Mo narch's year (1845) had decreased to 137, probably owing to the shaking " the ring" bad had two or three years before. From this date the Turf has been in as blooming a condition as a full-blown rose, notwithstand ing the dampers that have occasionally been thrown over it by several wretched settling days, as is testified by the number of nominations in Pyrrhus the First's and suc ceeding years, standing recorded as follows: Subs. Starters. 1846. Pyrrhus the First 193 27 1847. Cossack lBB 32 1848. Surplice 1849. The Flying Dutchman 1850. Voltigeur 204 24 The nominations for the present year show a slight falling off from the last three years, but as they are considerably above the average, and amount to 195, there can be nothing to complain of, more especially as the quility generally seems to me to be a little superior to that produced last year. Out of the 195 animals en gaged six are dead, viz.:—Mr. Lacey 's Aristippus, Mr. T. Parr's Brother to Van Diemen, Mr. Herbert's colt by Sir Hercules out of Factory Girl, Mr. Jenkin's colt by Touchstone out of Miss Slick, Colonel Anson's Potent, and Mr. Johnstone's colt by Charles XII. out of Morsel. Forty-eight are out of training, viz.:-11419- chief, colt by Touchstone, out of Ellipsis, Galileo, Vagabond, Hibernian, colt by Simoom out of Lady Caroline, Edward of York, Seaman, Robert de Vallibus, Molossus, colt by Plenipotentiary out of Amiwa, De la Rue, colt by Don John out of Miss Whip, Black Douglas, Lord Nelson, Hexham, Beningborough, colt by Venison out of Haitoe, The Gambler, War mate, colt by Bay Middleton dam by Bizaree, colt by St. Martin out of Bess, Sailor, Boyne, colt by Cardinal Puff or Hawk's-eye, Scandal, Stafford, Mingo, Duster, Gamester, Philanthropist, The Serpentine, colt by Sir Hercules out of Miss Touchet, CElus, colt by , Epirus out of Emerald, Chatsworth, Presto, Bat terer, Baatinado, Sawdon, Georgey, The Partridge, Rifle, Convalescent, Norton, Scapulary, Scrope, and XX. Mr. Watts' Nitrocis colt is sold and gone abroad. Out of the remaining 140 nominations I have ascertained that eighty are not intended tor the "great go" on the Surrey Downs; this leaves the following sixty from which to pick the field and winner, viz .1 , ---senagus, Lightfoot, Hernandez, *Banterer, *Abd'erhaman, *Sir Felix; Con stellation, fuggernaut, *Hookem-Sriivey, *colt by Jerry, *colt by Dulcimer, Aaron Smith a ßrother to Drakelow, The Marlborough Buck, "Harpsichord, Oleander. *PH mitius, Bonnie Dundee, Midas, BO°, Ariosto, Thick. thorn, The Prime Minister, *The Confessor, Balsamo, Teddington, *The Knight of the Garter, Lady Geral dine colt, *Spread Eagle, *Miss Letty colt, *The Tout, Theseus, *lpsus, *Boabdil, Grecian, °Entre-nous, *Moo bray, *Mooltan, By ppolytus, *Louis Napoleon, *colt by Tearaway out of Itathmines' dam, Newminster, colt by Touchstone out of Mountain Sylph, The Black Doc tor, The Black Sea, Runnymede, Lamartine, colt by Tearaway, dam by Alcaston, Brother to Chanticleer, Storm, *Croupier, *Gholab Singh, *colt by Epirus out of Enterprise, *Anal, Serus, Napauk, England's Glory, *New Forest Buck, *Goliah, and Buckhound. Those marked with an asterisk form a strong division numerically, if not in quality, and are those that I least expect to see at Epsom, many of them being horses that I could gain no accurate information about as to whether the; were intended for the Derby or not. Having deducted those whose appearance at Epsom is the most dubious, it leaves me a batch of thirty-three, whose pretensions I will now proceed to analyse, class , ing them in their respective lots or stables. H. WADLOW'S LOT contains my stanTardof excellence for the present year, besides Osceola, Active, and Aaron Smith, all of whom are pounds—l bad almost written stones — inferior to Mr. Bedford's br c The Prime Minister, by Melbourne, out of Pantslonade by Pantaloon. This rattling half brother of Sir 'Patton Sykes will, I think, accomplish what the baronet tailed in, as he will be tooled by a steady first-rate jockey, not by such an one as Bill Scott—clever though he was—for there is not a regular turfite living but knows that had he not been drunk, and all but stopped at starting to launch an anathema at the starter's head, no earthly power could have prevented him from winning; the Minister, however, I take it, will do all honour to the Melbourne blood. He made his debut at Warwick, where he won the Castle Park Stakes (not half prepared, re minding me of Surplice's green appearance at Goodwood in the race for the Ham Stakes), cleverly by a length, carrying Bst 71b, beating Catalpa, Bst 91b, and five others. He afterwards ran for the Clearwell Stakes at Newmar ket, which he won in a canter by two lengths, carrying Bst 101 b, and beating Confidence, Bst 51b, Turtle, Bst 111 b, Midas, Bst 71b, and five others. These are his only performances in public—they speak for themselves. The first was over a course a few yards short of seven furlongs, and the last over the T.Y.C. (5 fur. 136 yds.) on the Flat, at Newmarket. At the present writing, he is doing first-rate work, is sound on his pins, looks well, and if he continues improving as the season advances at the rate he does just now, WILL WIN THE DEBBY! W. DILLY'S LOT consists of Ariosto and Barcelona; the former is a good mile-horse, but no Derby winner. WARRENER'S LOT, _ _ _ like Dilly's, only numbers who won't run, and the colt by Touchstone, out of Mountain Sylph, who will, barring accidents, &c. The latter is a com pact, nice-looking nag enough, somewhat of The Nigger cut about him; he won the Criterion cleverly by a length, beating Confessor, Ariosto, Mr. Merryman, Confidence, Phlegm, and six others, from the turn-of-the-lands-in; all up hill, a good test for the Derby; yet, I cannot help thinking, that he is not quite good enough to cut down the two first favourites. FOBERT'S LOT consists of Crmus, Pandemus, Juggernaut, Hyppoly tus, and Bonnie Dundee; the last, if he keeps on his legs, for choice. The popular Lord of the Tournament may have a tilt at Epsom for the Olympic crown; but this year he will most cetainll be thrown over. R. STEPHENSON, JUN., has Oleander, Harpsichord, and Beaufort; the first named the best, but all very queer. H AR LO CK has two of Lord Exeter's, Midas and Phlegethon; the former has a diminutive outside chance, but as to the latter, shades of " Cognacl— Sweet Naiad of the Phlegethontic rill" — were my lips denied by thee a chaste salute until Phle gothon had carried off the Derby, I'm afraid I should have to bid adieu to thee for ever, thou soul-enlivening kindred spirit! KENT'S LOT is but a so-so affair this year, 800 with the blinds, as the son of Wapiti is called, in consequence of some de fect in the sight, is the best in the stable, and may, from his size and power, be capable of doing a " deed of note ;" he is, as yet, dark to the public, but will make his appearance at Newmarket in the Spring Meeticg. Hernandez ranks the second in the Goodwood stable, Buckhound•third, and Girdle fourth, but they are all in ferior to 800. STEBBING'S string this year is a dead failure ; out of eight nomina tions, not a starter, without they pull out the colt by Lanercost, out of Garrick's dam. T. TAYLOR'S LOT is represented by the Brother to Drakelow, who may be classed with Ariosto and Hernandez, and set down as a bad spec. PECK'S LOT, consisting of Hookeni-Snivey,Azetb, and Touch-me•nol possess no chance of pecking at the Derby stakes. G. TAYLOR'S LOT. _ _ Louis Napoleon, backed by Ricardus do Picburne and Pierre de Touche, cannot oust the Prime Minister here though he may do so in TAYLOR France. A. , has five Derby horses in training for Sir J. Hawley, one of whom, Balsamo ' is dark, though, if I can trust my o ptical nerve?, I should say that would be the one des tined to throw light upon the fortune of the stable. Teddington has been out five times and won twice; he l o oks well, and is visibly improvel since lust October. The Confessor does not attract my fancy; he is said to be, and is, inferior to both Balsam() and Tedelington, but superior to The Ban, and infinitely so to the colt by Ascot. T. DAWSON. is coming out with a constellation, bat it strikes me very forcibly they are fixed stars, shining brightly enough on Middleham Moor, but, when removed, not likely to do so on the downs Teepom. Mr. Meiklam's nag has been backed for a g deal of money lately, but as he has not improved so very much on his last year's form. and t hen s uumbed to Coe Ban at Donca.tor, I cannot p l ace any n fidence in the son of Lanercost and Moonbeam. out of twelve no imavinls(trecian, Lamartine, JOHN DAY'S LOT, in superior forc a e n , ha amsinuasutiaol, no minations, is,immense m m ens and Runnymede) , a nd six of a respectable inferior class, s three viz., Primitius, New Forest Buck, The Briton, Boabdil, Trunnion, and Ipsus. This latter lot we may con.i , ler disposed of, and I turn to Mr. Howard's ch c Grecian, by Epirus, out of Jenny Jumps, who made his first ap pearance ut Stockbridge last year, where he won a small sweepstakes in a canter, and afterwards won the July Stskes. (after a dead heat with Aphrodite) also in a canter ! Imme diately after this performance he was male first favourite has continued so ever since, and is likely to continue so to the end of tho chapter, unit ss be.tren in the Guineas He is doing good work, looks uncommonly well, is per-. fcctly sound, and will be very difficult to beat, unless hr shows temper at the bill. Mr. Powney's ch c Lamartine, by Epirus out of Grae(- Darling, is perfectly dark, but, in my opinion, but little, if anything, inferior to The Grecian. Sir R. Bigot's Runnymede will run a stout horse, but is deficient iu speed. THE TAX ON PAPER ----- CALLS TO THE BAR, LINCOLN'S IN=N..The Hilary Term calls to the bar of the Honou rable Society of Lincoln's Inn, were made yesterday (January 30th and ----, t h ey com prise the after-mentioned ge ntlemen :— Danby P. Fry, Esq.; St. George Miyart, Esq. ; Hilton T. Jenkins, Esq. ; T homas A. Corlett, jun., Esq. ; AlexaneerD. Jenki ns , M . A . ; J ames T. H0pw0 ,, ,1, Esq.; Robert W. Gilbert, MA.; and William Freeman, Esq. ANOTHER FIRE IN BERMONDSEY. —Last night, shortly before twelve o'clock, a fire, which did considerable mischief; broke out in the extensive buildings belonging to Mr. Hacker, tanner, Spa-road, Ber,nondsey. The fire com menced from come cause not dearly ascertt,ined, in what is termed the drying-room. This building was upwards of one hundred feet king, by thirty or forty feet wide, and at the t me of the misfortune contained some hundred pounds' worth of property. The moment the existence of the flames be came known, numerous engines started for the scene, and there being an abundant supply of water, the flames were quickly extinguished, but not until the building in which the fire originated, together with its valuable contents, had been destroyed. The most difficult thing in the world is to talk good nonsense. No person con do it but one of first-rate ability. —Eliza Cook's Journal. Tae election for South Nottinghamshire takes place on the 10th and 11th February. DEPUTATION TO THE CHANCELLOR OF TliE • EXCHEQUER. Yesterday, the deputation, appointed at the con ference of dfdPgates from all parts of the country, hid their interview with the Right Hon. the Chanceli.r• of the Exchequer, at the office of the Treasury, in Downing-street, for the purpose of representing the grounds of their demand for the repeal of the tax on paper. The deputation comprised Mr. T.B. Cromp ton, Mr. Chambers (of Edinburgh). Mr. Charles Knight, Mr. Charles Dickens, Mr. P. Borthviick, Mr. John Cassell, Mr. Baldwin (of Birmingham), Mr. Towle (cf Oxford), &c. The deputation WWI introduced by Mr. CROMPTON, who opened the interview by stating that he catnc there to give a plain and simple manufactur er's statement as to the oppressive operation of the tax on paper. The position in which the paper. manu facturers of this country were placed had now become so desperate that he thought even, politically speak ing, the Chancellor of the Exchequer must allow that some alteration must be made. As a paper manufacturer, he had no hesitation in saying that it was impossible to check frauds upon the re venue ; and he did not think it creditable for a country like this to exact a duty—he would not say at the point of the bayonet—but the Govern ment was driven, and particularly in Ireland, to en force its payment by the aid of the police; and he believed that by-and-by the same course would have to be resorted to in England. The temptation to fraud was almost irresistible, and the fraudulent trader was fast driving every fair trader out of the field. The gross revenue from the paper tax was represented to be 800,0001, but deducting the drawback on the exports and consumption of the Government offices, he estimated that the net revenue from this impost could not exceed 700,0001. That sum was not much to forego out of the three millions or three millions and a half surplus which the Chancellor of the Ex chequer was believed to have to spare. He had been forty years in the paper trade, and for thirty-eight years of that period he had been a large importer of the raw material ; but now the American, whose ma nufacture paid no duty, came and took away the very refuse from our mills in this country and manufac tured it into paper, which competed with the paper of this country, which was subjected to an Excise duty of no less than 300 per cent. It was true the American had to pay the freight of h;e raw material ; but that cost only one farthing per pound, whilst the Excise duty paid by the British manufacturer amounted to seven farthings per pound. From this simple cause the paper mills of this country were becoming closed one by one. He had applied to the chairman of the Board of Excise, on behalf of the trade, for a return of the number f mills at work, and the number closed; but Mr. Wood declined to comply with that request. Now be (Mr. Crompton) was satisfied that if the tax was taken off, within ten years it would cause at least double the present number of persons to be employed, than were now dependent on the paper manufacture. The injustice of the tax might also be seen from the fact that it amounted to 50 per cent. on wrapping paper; and he could say, that in certain cases he had had orders for such papers from foreigners, and in those cases the foreigner had the drawback; so that the English purchaser of wrapping paper had to pay 50 per cant. more than the foreign consumer for the same article.—(Hear, hear.) The large consumers in this country had no idea of the amount they paid to the Government. Some thought the duty might be about 5 per cent. of the price; but the fact was, it was 50 per cent., or 500/. out of every 1,0001. they spent upon the article, that was seized by the Government. For his part, he believed that the re peal of the paper duty ought to take precedence of the repeal of the window• tax—obnoxious as the latter was—because, for every additional man the repeal of the window-tax would provide employment for, the repeal of the paper duty would employ fifty. He (Mr. Crompton) had lost several of his best workmen, who were going to America ; and if the tax was con tinued, he was sure the manufacturers' fast-wasting capital would soon be all gone from so unequal a com petition with the American, and he would not be able any longer to employ his men. Mr. CHAMBERS next read to the Chancellor of the Exchequer the series of resolutions agreed to at the meeting held at the King's Arms, Palace-yard, on the preceding day, and then proceeded to repeat the same arguments which be had adduced when second ing one of the resolutions in question. He said that he and his brother, having for the last twenty years been engaged in the publication of cheap and improving literature, accessible to the intelligent and aspiring me chanics of our large towns, had had ample proofs of the injurious operation of the tax on paper in crippling all important efforts in that field of enterprise. A pub lication of theirs, with a circulation of 80,000 a week, was obliged to be abandoned because they found that the Government had swallowed up all the profit. They attempted another publication one halfpenny dearer, and it circulated from 30,000 to 40,000 weekly. On the paper used for it they paid 8001. a year duty, which was exactly the same they had paid for authorship. This periodical also they had had to give notice of their intention to stop, to the great regret, he was warranted in saying, of an intelligent and respectable circle of readers. The operation of this duty was to leave the publisher no fund for re munerating suitably literary talent. Again, a rise in the price of paper was taking place ; and this was be cause the American importers were sweeping all rags out of the markets of this country, and were carrying them from the Clyde almost every week in ship loads. The English papermakers, there• fore, could not purchase the raw material, and if this continued it would be impossible to go on with cheap publications, that would perforate and reach down into the recesses of poverty and ignorance. He thought the Government should do everything in its power to encourage that growing class of healthful and useful popular literature that had sprung up during the last 20 years, and that had done so much good in elevating the people. Mr. C. KNIGHT said, that to obtain an improving and highly useful species of literature to be as cheap, and therefore to go into the same quarters, as the immoral and debasing literature issued from the press, there was only one course to pursue, and that was to obtain the assistance of the very best authors. He had paid about 100,000/. for authorship in the course of 20 years ; and with the tax upon paper it was im possible for excellence in literature to compete with low publications paying little or nothing for author ship, being made up very much of translations of vile and demoralising French novels, and yet written with great ability. He would give an illustration. Take the case of a work like " Macaulay's History of Eng land." Supposing he paid 1,0001. to the author, and calculated on a sale of only 1,000 copies, the author ship would cost him 1/. per copy ; but if be sold 40,000 copies, the authorship would only cost him 61. per copy. But then came the paper duty, which, on the issue of 1,000 would indeed be only 6d. a copy, or 281. in all; but on the 40,000 it would still be 6d. per copy, and would thus absorb 1,0001, which was ex- - actly the amount that was paid for the authorship. Then the duty paid on the paper used curtailed the fund which ought to go to pay authors of first-rate excellence for works which ought to be accessible to all. Mr. ToweE, paper maker, of Oxford, then detailed various cases of ruin to the tenantry of paper-mills in that county, where, he said, he was the only paper manufacturer left. All this calamity he ascribed to the operation of the paper-duty, and he said he would also have been; eogailphed in the same ruin, bat that he pessesied Some. property independent of his bti4i.; rejoiced' at the glorioui' jarieileie, he 'en joyed of Whispering.ihese facts into the Chancellor of the tichequer s ear. In fact he (Mr. ToWle) was; as far as Oxfordshire was concerned, "the last rose of summer left blooming elone."—(Laughter.) All the rags having been bought up in his county, he had introduced straw for the manufacture of paper boxes, such as those imported from France. This straw be could buy from the farmer for 303. per ton, and thus benefit agriculture at the same time that he benefited himself, but then the Government stepped in and ex acted fourteen guineas from a ton of worked up raw material, which was almost worthless originally, and for which he paid the farmer only 30s. Consequently he was obliged to abandon the manufacture of these boxes, because the enormous duty made it unprofit • able, and yet they could be made at Boulogne free of duty, and imported into England at a duty of only 10 per cent. Mr. BALDWIN, paper-maker, of Birmingham, then explained that the duty on paper used as button boards and for wrapping heavy articles of Birming ham manufacture was very oppressive, and subjected the British manufacture to an unequal competition in the markets of Europe and America. Buttons, made at Birmingham, were sold at 54d. the gross, and no less than a halfpenny each gross was charged for duty on the button hoards. This amounted to 10 per cent., and when it was considered that the Govern ment of the United States placed 20 per cent. duty on our manufactures, it was clear that Birmingham would not be able long to compete under such ad vantages. Mr. CHARLES DICKENS said, in the exercise of "the glorious privilege" to which a previous speaker had alluded, he also wished to make an observation or two to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. He only expressed the conviction he gathered *op.? what he saw and heard every day, when he f l o c; that by reducing the amount which it was possible publishers to pay to authors, the paper dutyirature conferred ite. a positive boon on the worst species, of t The publisher of pernicious works ieadnigd, notm o morally speaking, the most abject and degraded, than they to pay for authorship a single farthing a ble p more publisher of could help ; whereas the res p ec wholesome and useful literature who wished to pay the author adequate remune ration,. could make no profit for himself in consequence of this duty. 'rh o deputation had come before t e Chancellor of the Exchequer on quest i on unauce._ Well, he (Mr. that indeed, in that case, where the shoe pinched. His battle-field wes abroad, not at home; and it was in fo reign marts that he had to struggle against rivalry and competition. Welt! how did the legislature deal with his ease ? Why, by relieving him from the pressure cf Excise duties which enhanced the cost of production. Toe result is notorious to the least considerate observer. Now, it is preci se ly t hi s mo d e of treatment w hi c h we are desirous of seein g a p p l ie d to our now, we regret to sa y, declining paper manufacture, declini ng not so much in ex tensiveness, as in what is far more important as affecting the capital of the country—the rate and amount of profit. We confess that when we first turned our attention to the condition of the paper m anu f acture i n th i s country , we had no just i dea of the extent of its industrial im portance, or of the degree of rep ress i on w hi c h i t i s suf fering from the operation of the duties imposed upon it. There is, perhaps, nu branch ot• ind us t r y, t h e vicissi tudes of which,from its birth to the p resent t i me, present so complete an illustration of the eff ec t s o f taxat i on upon its development. Progressing gradually from its fe e ble beginning in the reign of Elizabeth t o a strength and importance which, iu an evil hour, att racte d the at tention of a Chancellor of the Excheq uer , d r i ven to his last shifts fur ways and means, i t suf fered on the imposition, and, during the conti nuance of its first and most unjust taxation, met s evere and serious depression, but sprung again into po s iti on on the reduction of the duties with an elasticity indica tive of the highest strength and vitality. Immediately subsequent to the grant of that measure of relief, an ex given to this manufacture, and n were made by those who had tr o aa d r o t t ry lar a impulse p ls r e ofi w ts as embarked their capital in it. But what is the condition of the trade at the present moment ? and why are the paper manufacturers press ing for a remission of the duty still rem aining on their production? and why are we, as public journalists, urg ing their claims in preference to many others ? Because they are alarmed by finding that their rate of profit is steadily and continuously decreasing under the pressure of foreign competition, and because they . apprehend that the result of the struggle m which they are engaged will be, should the Govern ment unhappily listen to the loudest clamour instead of the strongest argument, the displacement of British by Continental labour. And we do nut hesitate to say that, after taking the greatest pains to inform our selves upon the subject, we are convinced that that alarm and that apprehension are just and well-founded. Now, we will place before our readers one out of a thousand instances which have come to our knowledge in the course of our inquiries into the merits of the case, and which has, with others of the same character, had its share in guiding us to a conclusion. The Americans are engaged at this moment in purchasing in this coun try, for import into the United States, the raw material for the supply of their paper mills; they have the ex pense, of course, of the freight of a bulky article to pay, in addition to the cost price here, yet they can afford— such is the pressure of the Excise duty upon oar own manufacturers—to work it up, in spite of these prelimi nary expenses, at so cheap a rate that they are now effecting sales in our own colonies at so low a pipe that-they have driven the . British salesman out of the market. We shall, no doubt, be met by a reference to the Board of Trade returns, and we shall be told—oh, bat look under the head of exports; why, under all this dis couragement of which you talk, there is a positive in crease in the export trade in paper. We acknowledge unhesitatingly that it is so; but we answer in this case precisely as we have answered on former occasions to the allegations of general commercial prosperity, sup ported by references to the exports, as set forth in re turns of the Statistical Department of the Board of Trade, that the amount of exports of any manufactured article affords no true measure of the prosperity of the trade, or of its value to the country. Tell us what profit accrues upon the sales, and we will tell you what addi tion it renders to the capital of the nation. Now, what are the claims of the window-tax as com pared with those of paper? The window-tax, we ad mit, is most unquestionably unpopular, though not to the degree to which the Times and its clients would fain persuade the Chancellor of the Exchequer it is. It is offensive in its operations, unequally adjusted, and awkward in its working; but after all it is only a per sonal tax. It does not with directness injuriously affect to the investment of capital and the employment of labour, as the paper tax does. On the contrary, capital employed in the building and purchasing of houses yields, as is well known, a very good return; nor, above all, does it, as the continuance of the paper duty does, put a most important branch of domestic industry to the imminent hazard of being displaced by foreign enter prise. And for these, and other reasons, on which we have insisted on- former occasions, we again beg to join i our voice to that of the deputation, whose inter vi ew with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday will be found reported in another part of our paper, in urging upon him most earnestly the primary importance of relieving their manufacture from the tax which so heavily presses upon its further development, and even renders its pre sent footing most precarious. MISTAKEN OIDENTITY. PARDON OF MR. GOLDSMID. It will be recollected that Mr. John Goldsmid was tried at the last Middlesex Sessions before Mr. Sergeant Adams, for an ussault alleged to have been committed by him on George Trevemea, an excise officer, and after a trial which occupied a coheiderable time, found guilty and sentenced to an impristrnment of three months. Im mediately after••the trial-'Messrs. Lewis, of Ely-place, who defended Mr. Goldsmid, having, from the instruc tions the . ) , had received, felt• confident of the innocence of Mr. Goldsmid, proceeded to obtain evidence in addi tion to that given at the trial, with the view of laying the whole body of testimony before Sir George Grey. Assisted by the efforts of -Mr. Goldsmid's family, and numbers of his friends, his solicitors, produced fifteen declarations upon the subject, and forwarded them to the judge who tried the unlucky defendant. While this was in the possession of Mr. Sergeant Adams the inno cence of Mr. Goldsmid was. placed beyond all doubt by the appearance of Win. Hoggins, the person who had, as was stated, committed the assault, and who came forward to take upon himself the responsibility and to relieve the individual erroneously charged from the im putation against him. Mr. Sergeant Adams, imme dtately upon hearing the statement of Mr. Hoggins, and Messrs. Lewis having reduced that statement to a de claration on oath, addressed the Secretary of State for the Home Department., and the result was that within half an hour of the presentation of the document yes terday Mr. Goldsmid was liberated from custody with a free pardon—the pardon being of course a mere form, but necessarily arising from the fact that the verdict of the jury was " guilty." UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. MINERALOGY. CAMBRIDGE, JAN. 30.—The Professor of Mineralogy has given notice that his lectures will commence on Thursday, Feb. 20. . . These - lectures will be given on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, Fridays, and Saturdays, from two to three o'clock, in the Mineralogical Museum, under the west end of the new library. Gentlemen who attend these lectures with the inten- tion of obtaining the professor's certificate, which, by grrce of the Senate (Oct. 31, 1848) is now required under certain conditions for the degrees of 8.A., Hono rary M.A., and 8.C.L., must be provided with the pro fessorial lecture-ticket, for which they are requested to apply to the registrary, or to their college tutor. Gentlemen who do not require the certificate are ad mitted gratis. Efforts are being made to establish a school of design in the " faithful " city of Worcester with a view to the improvement of the porcelain and other manufactures there. The maltsters of Ware met last week and agreed to petition Parliament for a remission of the additional duty of 51. per cent. imposed, in 1840, on the amount of the malt duty. APPREHENSION OF A MURDERER IN LIVERPOOL.— In the month of November, 1842, Mr. James Scully, a ma gistrate of the county of Tipperary, was barbarously mur dered near to his own residence, at Killfeaele. The mur derer eluded the vigilance of the police, notwithstanding that a reward of 2001. had been offered for his apprehension. On Tuesday night he was given into the custody of the Li verpool police, through the instrumentality of his "if! , whom he had deserted. The alleged murderer's Ran" t Andrew Coffee. He was taken before Mr. Rushton, an d `ordered to be sent to Ireladd. A 'LARGE MAIL.-01F Monday even ing there were at one time not fewer thin 90,000 _letters (besides about 40,000 newspapers) in one clepartmenwteoreitne Liverpool Poet. the correspondence office-the ship-letter o ffi ce: They or prepared to be dis received from America by th e e N_ n itg a 'ar dispatched from patched to America by that r o g n e tS maila t ur d ever nde Africa will probably take . o from any post-office. —L: RI ; ' 33 7 SHIP LAU stNCH T MOONLIGHT: „ ou tdone were made at the ship yard of en P r c i Holmes, of this port, for the launching Wednesday last M e ssrs. Hess"' ered) barque, of 525 tons burden, named of a splend d -iforereminent Greek firm in London. A large Syri a ' bu ,, ig 'f persons were assembled, anxiously waiting to concourse 0 witness the interesting event. The sh i p wr i g h ts ' sledge wedges, and the ship w a s u ltimately b o omers drove in the - andto be ready. " S tand clear " was the order , a nd the " dogshorea " knocked away, but the ship con tinued in her position, and although the screws were used to force the vessel into her destined element, it was all in vain, and this disappointed the anxious curiosity of many hundreds of persons then assembled, who, soon afterwards, rapidly dispersed. Immediately the vessel was replaced on her blocks and the " ways ' got ready again, by being soaped and greased, and at about three o'clock the next morning, being then very moonlight, the ship was launched in gallant style, and, although thus early in the morning , a considerable number of spectators were present. The vessel is the largest ever built at Rye, and is pronounced an excellent model. She is intended for the Mediterranean ' trade. - A RAILWAY TRAIN ATTACKED BY A 13tiLLocK.— The mail train ou Wednesday night narrowly escaped being thrown off the rails between H ea d corn and B u ckley, bya bullock which had strayed from a dr ove while crossing t h e rail. The drover bad succeeded in turning the beast towards the gate, when the mail - train was s e t en e red plights roachi on the ng to Lithe which the beast made directly towards h parts engine, with its tail in the a ir. It ran full tilt agai n st 60 of the body having engine and was dashed to been picked up at a distaPniceecesa yards from th e pl ace where the collision occurred. The shock was felt by the engine-driver, and the train was s stopped, b u t p rocee d e d on ascer taining the na ture of the occurrence. Maidstone Journal. Experience—knowledge sold at a hi g h pr i ce by Misfortune to Jlndiscrournaletion, and tak en care o f b y Memory.--. Eliza Coo le s . THE WiNnow-TAX.--A spirited and unanimous meeting in favour of a repeal of the window-tax was held under the presidency of the mayor, in the Guildhall, Ply mouth, on Wednesday. The Rev. Robert Eden, Rector of L.igh, Essex, has been elected Bishop of the diocese of Ross and Moray, in the Episcopal Church of Scotland, by a majority of Aye to two, in succession to the Right Rev. Bishop Low. I [~