The Sun. — London, England, 1851-02-21 00:00:00

j When made up in From what; When General Post-office. port dis- London. ' patched. I due. America (by Brit. pkt.).N.February 48 .. !Liverpool .. America (by U.S. pkt.) NlFebruaxy 21 "'Liverpool America (by U.S.pkt.) MlMarch 8 Southampt. Africa (West coast).. N lath of the month ,Plymouth Alexandria* • • .. N,19:11 & 30th of mo.:Dover Belgium • . • . • • N, Daily .. .. 'Dover Brazil .. • .. M l 9th of the month Southarnpt. Buenos Ayres liL9th of the month .Sonthempt. California( via Chagres) MI 17th of month , Southern pt. Cape of Good Hope NI 1 ath of month 'Plymouth • • Constantinople* .. • • N7th 17th 27th of molDo ver Central America .. M!2d & 17th of mon..'Southampt. Channel Lies • • N'Mon., Wed., & Fri.lSoutliampt. Chili .. .. • . Mll7th of the month Southanapt. France .. M& N Twice daily .. .. 'Dover Greens . • .. •. N 7th 17th 27th o f mo IDover .. Hamburgh N Tuesday & Friday London Rolland .. • • .. M I ,Vedncs. & Satur. London Honduras .. N 17th of the month ilouthampt. Ireland .. ••M & N Twice daily .. Holyhead . India (via South amp .) M 20th of the month Southampt: I India (via Marseille s ) N , 7 th& 24th of month Dover •• I Mediterranean (via Southampton) •• M 20th of the month ISouthampt. Mediterranean (via Marseilles) lc 7 th& 24th of month Dover .. Mexico M 2d of the month.. ; Southampt. Madeira •.• 9th of the month Southampt. x 7th,17th,19th,27th Dover Malta * • • • • & 30th of month I j Naples* sth 15th 25th of mo Dover .. Papal States* N sth 15th 25th ofmo Dover Peninsular .. M 7th 17th 27th of mo Southampt. Peru .. 17th of the month ; Southampt. Tuscany. N sth 15th 25th ofino Dover .. West Indies .. M 17th of the month ISouthampt. West Indies (except I Havanna & Nassau) M2d of the month Southampt. !March 5 1 . The mails to those countries thus marked CIO are conveyed by French packe v!a Marseilles. • Feb. 26 . i March 3 (Arrived March 3 Feb. 29 Daily Feb. 24 Feb. 21 Feb. 20 March 3 Feb. 20 Feb 23 Tu. Th. Sa Feb. 20 Twicedally Feb. 20 Tues. Sat. Moa.Thur Feb. 20 TwicedaLly Arrived ,March 3 'Feb. 28 IMarch 3 'March 5 I March 12 Feb. 20 ;Feb. 21 Feb. 22 Feb. 26 I Feb. 20 IFeb. 22 Feb. 20 SHIP NEWS. GRAVESEND, FEE. 20.—Wind W., light, cloudy. Arrived—Archimides, from Charente; Wilberforce, from the Mauritius; Antwerpen, from Antwerp; Alice, from Oporto; Fame, from Calais; Pandora, from Lis bon; Mary, and Ann a n d Eli za b eth, from Caen; Thomas and Henry, from the Cape; Fyenoord and Ocean, from Rotterdam; Emma, from Char en t e; Dromo, from Africa; Norman Morrison, from the Columbia River; Ajax, from Sydney; Coldstream and Aurora, from Cal cutta; Waterwitch, from Port Adelaide; Somnauth, from China; Union, from Cadiz; Telemaco, from Bar bary; Heroine, from Terceira; Minerva, from Canton; Frio Ugario, from Constantinople; Leonora. from Bil boa; Medora, from Rio de Janeiro; Ellen, from Caen; Creamore, from Bahia; City of Rotterdam. from Dun kirk; Victor, from Caen; Linda, from Oporto; Border Chieftain, from Charente; Consverre, from Leghorn; Mary Ann, from Pontue; Perseverance, from Brest; Samuel Boddington, from the Mauritius. Sai led —Adolphe and Maria, for Stettin; Jannette, for Boston; City of London, for Dunkirk; William Jollliffe, for H avre; Soho, for Antwerp; Menai, for Caais. of LiVESSELS SPOKEN WITH. D v fr Calcutta, Feb. 3, 10 d a y s ou t, ufries, in lat. 47 N., l on P g °° 4 l ' Calcutta, from New Orleans for Trieste, Jan. 17, in lat. 34,10 n?..,. 60. Ulysses, from Liverpool for Rio a p Grand, with lo ss o f to masts, two days previo us , i n W.S.W., 45 miles. squall, Jan. 9, St. Roque Ontario, from Charleston for liavre, Jan. 22, in lat. 34, long. 72. Luconia. ship, from New York for Antwerp, J an . is , i n let. 48, long. 58. Cornelia, Dutch barque, from the Texel, F e b . 49 N., long 6 W. 14, in lat. William Prague, American ship, from Manilla for New York, Oct. 24, in let. I S., long. 106 E. Prince de Joinville, American ship, from China for N ew York. Nov. 3, in the Straits of Sunda. em , ar, from Bordeaux for Panambucd„T ; an. i n tat. 2 N., long. 24 W. Danish schooner, fir Gibraltu, Feb. 3, in lat. 36 N., long. 36 —. Anna Margaretha, Danish brig, bound cast, Feb. 4, in lat. 30 N., long. 34 W. A French ship, showing a fly, with " '' in the centre, in Ist 43 N., long. 15. Wanderer barque, of London, Feb. 2, in lat. 46 N., long. 8 W. Prince of Wales, from Liverpool for Rio Grande, Jan. 9, in lat 2 N., long 25 w. postbcy, Feb. 10, in lat 49 N. long. 7 W. negotiator, from Bo m b ay for London, caFiores. likthorst, off tie Cape. Doha Mitchell, in Ist. 3 Itt, I,;ng, 23 W. , `~~ ~- ~?, ~ .--; \) z i . / THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 21, 1851. THE COUNTRY MARKETS. [The following appeared in our Third Edition of BIRMINGHAM, FEB. 20.-At Gloucester market, on the last night 15th, the wheat trade ruled dull, and lower prices were ac- PUBLIC WOOL SALES. . eepted for Polish Odessa of all qualies. At Worcester, same At the auction of last evening Australian brought day, there was more firmness. Barley nominally unaltered. 19. 3d. to ls.:81d. for clean sheen's Is. 41d. to Is. Sad. for •We had rather more doing in oats. Beans and peas altoge- • ' lambs' and and for scoured samples of the latter, ls. 2d. to ther neglected. During the present week we have again had little passing in the trade, but holders of wheat have refused ls. 14d. Van Dieman's Land sold at la oid. to Is. 7d. to submit to any decline. Barley tending downwards. For for clean sheep's, and at Is. 41d. to ls. 10d. for lambs'. oats there is more demand. Scarcely a transaction reported Port Philip brought ls. 31d. to Is. 71d. for sheep's, Is. in beans or peas. At this day's market, although there was a sd. to is. 10d. for scoured, and Is. 66d. to ls. 81d. for short supply of wheat from the farmers, the trade again raled lambs.' Cape went at 7d. to Is. 3d. for sheep's, and at dull, at rather under the carreney of this day se'nnight, for all is. lid. to Is. 31d. for scoured. descriptions; but we make no alteration in our quotations. Importers are still giving support to the market by Barley unaltered, with an improved demand for fine qualities, withdrawing various parcels. In oats very little doing. More inquiry for Beans. Peas en- At this evening' tirely neglected. s sale 1,915 bales have b een p a t up , Barsxor., Fez. 20.-The condition of English wheat i s all Colonial. Australian has realised ls. Id. t o l s . 7d. still bad, and the supply moderate ; prices the same as last for clean to:second sheep 's, and 1,. 51d, for la m b s '. P ort week. Foreign wheat (middling) is from 6d to Is per quarter Philip has been sold at ls. 51d. to Is. Bd. for cl ean cheaper. English wheat (new) sold at 34, to 40s per imperial sheep's, Is. 3d. to ls. 71d. for lambs' clean, Is. 711 to qr; foreign (white) ditto sold at 40s to 44s per 4801bs ; ditto ls. 14d. for scoured lambs', and ls. 4d. to ls. 10d. for red (extra) 38s tol4os ; ditto (mile), 35s to 37s 6d ; ditto (ordi- other scoured. Van Dieman's Land has been taken at nary), 34s to 35s fid ; ditto (hard), 34s to 375. An abate- Is. 4d. to Is. 7d. for clean sheep's, Is. 51-cl. to 2s. for ment of 6d to is per sack has taken place on English flour; lambs', and Is. 61d. to Is. 71d. for scoured. English (seconds), 27s to 30s per sack ; American (sweet), 21s to 23s per brl. 3.lalting barley is scarce, and in request, but other sorts difficult of sale, and the turn cheaper; English (malting), 22s to 275 per imperial qr; ditto and foreign (grinding), 20s to 21s per 4001bs. In oats there has been no improvement in value or demand; Devon and Welsh, 15s to 16s 6d per imperial qr ; Irish white, 16s 6d to 185 per 3201b5; ditto black, 13s to 16s per imperial qr. Foreign oats and beans met with a slow sale at previous rates. English beans, 26s to 28s per imperial qr; foreign, 24s to 26s per 4801bs. The averages are-Bristol wheat, 363 lld ; Gloucester ditto, 38s 3d Bristol oats, 15s 9d ; Gloucester ditto, 171 9d ; Bristol barley, 22s Id; Gloucester ditto, 223 8d ; Bristol beans, 26s 10d; Gloucester ditto 28s 3d. LOUGHBOROUGH, FEB. 20.-This market was well attended yesterday ; best dry wheat met with ready sale, at 1 s higher rate; fine barley made Is more than last week, and met with customers ; a good business was done. DERBY SMITHFIELD MARKET, FEB. 18.-Our supply to day was not so large as that of last week, yet there was a snf. flciency to meet the wants of buyers, and most of the animals were disposed of without any alteration in the price. The number of sheep was about the average, for which high prices were asked; there were several lots of wether sheep of a small size, w hich realised 6id per lb, the re b e i ng many b uyers for all kinds of mutton, and sales generally were brisk, and a good clearance was effected. Fat pigs were scarce and readily disposed of. There was a good supply of fat and store calves. Beef, 4id to sd; mutton, 6d to bid ; veal, 5d 5d per lb ; pigs, 7s to 7s 6d per score. Rough fat, 3s 6d per stone of 141bs. Hides, lid to 54d per lb ; calf skins 2d to 4d per lb. Borrox, FEB. 19.-Wheat, red 24s to 375 Od, white 36s to 395, extra 42s to 003; barley 18s to 233 ; oats lls to 17s; beans 22s to 27s ; peas Os to Os per quarter. LYNN, Feu. 18.-Wheat 28, to 349, fine 36s 40s to 425; barley 173 to 205, fine 22s to 25s per qr. UPPINGHAM, Fun. 19.-Wheat 35s to 39s Od; barley2os to 22s ; oats 155 to Hs ; beans 22s to 27s per quarter. Butter 12d to 13id per lb ; eggs 24 for Is. CArtustic ' FEB. 18.-Wheat, 40s O'd; barley, 22s lid ; oats, 17s 3id per quarter. kEDINBURGH GRAIN MARKET, FEB. 19.--Wheat-There were 826 qrs of wheat in the market to-day, being 50 qrs less than last week. Prices were 4s up on the top, and Id down on the average-125 qrs unsold. Barley-There were in to day's market 207 qrs barley, being 260 qrs less than last week. The top price is up, and the average lld up-22 qrs unsold. Oats-The quantity of oats in the market was 790 qrs, being 18 less than last week. The top price was ls 10d up, and the average 3d up-131 qrs unsold. Beans-The supply of beans was 170 qrs, being 39 more than last week. Prices were is up on the top, and 3d down on the average-48 qrs unsold. Top of Wheat ... 6241 b. 46s Od „ Barley ... 5641 b. 29s Od „ Oats ... ..• 43*1b. 22s 6d „ Beans ... ... 67 lb. 31s Od EDINBURGH CATTLE MARKET, FEB. 19.-The number of cattle was 581, or 95 less than last week. Top price of the best cattle, 7s 3d; current, 6s to 6s 6d ; middling and inferior, from 5s Od to 5s 6d per Dutch stone. A clear ance was not effected. The number of sheep this morning was 2,1:57, or 455 less than last week. Top price of the bes mutton, 6d per lb • current, 51d to Od; ewes and inferior sorts, 4d to 5d per Ib. A clearance effected. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE EAST INDIAN. The annual meeting of this company was held on Wednesday, at the office, Old Broad-street; Mr. J. Baxendale in the chair. The SECRETARY then read the report. The CHAIRMAN, on moving the adoption of the report, said that since it had been circulated they had received a most satisfactory report from their engineer, Mr. Turnbull, with regard to the works. It went into con siderable detail, was of great length, and contained a great deal of information; but be (the Chairman) could not give them a short account of it, the document would lie at the office for the inspection of the shareholders. From what he had read of it, he considered that it W 24 very satisfactory, so far as the works were concerned. He had known the engineer for many years, and he was satisfied they could place the fullest reliance on any re port they may receive from him. Mr. FRANKLIN complained that some of the items in the accounts were not correctly stated. The CHAIRMAN said it was impossible for accounts to be more correct. They were carefully audited, and the directors could not spend a single penny without the consent and authority of the East India Company. If they were to go beyond the limit of expenditure allowed by the East India Company, the directors would have to pay the money out of their own pockets. A long conversation ensued with regard to one of the items in the balance-sheet for 60,442 L, stated to be for current expenses, and eventually it was agreed that current payna' , nts would have been more correct, with the addition for rails, chairs, and other materials for the railway. The report was then adopted, the dividend was de clared, and the retiring directors, Messrs. J. Baxendale, J. Cattley, and A. Nairne, were re-elected, as was also the retiring auditor, Baron Goldsmid. „ On the motion for confirming the forfeiture of certain shares being put, Mr. ADAMS said, he believed that many of those shares belonged to persons who had died in India, and in con sequence of the necessity and difficulty of obtaining pro bates in England the public in India were very much dissatisfied, and until that feeling subsided it was not likely that persons in India would hold shares in the company. He hoped the subject would receive the at tention of the directors. The CHAIRMAN said:that so far as he knew the di rectors would be most anxious to meet the question in a proper manner, and deal with every case according to its merits. After some further observations the resolution con firming the forfeiture of certain shares was carried. The proceedings concluded with votes of thanks to the chairman and directors, and also to the auditors. DuNBA u., Fix. B.—Wheat, weighing 6.silbs, brought 41, and prices to 30s Od. Barley, weighing sSlbs, brought 27. Od, and prices to 19s Od. Oats, weighing 45ilbs, brought 20s 6d, and prices to 131 6d. Beans and peas, weighing 671bs, brought 2.33 Od, and prices to Os Od. CORK, F. 19. NORTHERN AND EASTERN. The half-yearly meeting of this company was held on Wedneiday, at the Bishopsgate station; Mr. Pater son in the chair. Mr. BOURNE, the secretary, then read the report. The CHAIRMAN having moved the adoption of the report,_ Barrels. Currency. 0 White wheat lBs 9d to 00s Od 00s Od-20 stone 4 Red wheat. 17s 6tl to 033 Od o , )e Od-20 do 195 Barley lOs 9d to I 1 s 5d CO3 Od—l6 do 0 Bere 57 Oats 35 Pigs 243 Od to 31s Od 28s Od per cwt Quantity sold at the Highest Prices: Mr. DA.VIS wished to know whether the proposed ar rangement between the Eastern Counties Company and the Eastern Union and Norfolk Railway Companies would affect the interests of the Northern and Eastern proprietors. The CHAIRMAN did not think it was a question for the meeting to go into. The resolutions passed at the late meeting of the Eastern Counties Company would not affect them. The security the Northern and Eastern Company htld was of the most undoubted character, and entirely secured them. 0 barrels white wheat ; 0) red ; 17 barley ; 0 bere; 17 oats ; pig;. Quantity of Grain and Number of Pigs sold last week:— Wheat, 167. Barley, 672. Oats, 3,374. Pigs, 281. PRICES OF BUTTER. CANT. CURRENCY. First quality ......... 905 First quality ... Bll Second quality Third quality SOs Third quality .. 7ls Fourth quality Fifth quality Sixth quality Return of Cattle sold for the week ending Feb. 15 : Pigs, 353. Sheep, 319. Cows, 98. COELK.—Flour—First lis 6d to 12s 6d ; extra 13s Od ; seconds, 1036 d to 11s 6d; households 93 to 103 Od; thirds, 7s to 9s per cwt. Oatmeal 10s to 1056 d; Indian meal 7s 6d to 8,10 d; wheat meal, lOs to 103 6d per cwt. Indian corn 71 510 d to 71 103 per ton. Bran 92s 6d to9ss per ton. Hay—Farmers 25s to 40s; average 36s ; dealers 40s to 50s Od; average 4'is per ton. Straw—Farmers 22i Od to :_;25 O 3; average 28s; dealers 00s Od to 00s Od; average 00s Od per ton. Bread—Wheaten loaf sid to 61 ; household loaf 40 to 5d per 41b. Fresh butter, 10d u, 12d per lb. Eggs-4s 61 to 4s 8d per hundred. Coals— Newport 16s Od ; Lydnet , 179 ; Landore 143 ; Neath Cuba, 13s 6d per ton. Tallow 37s Od to 38s per cwt. Whisky. 25 o. p., 5s 9d per imperial gallon, Meat —Beef l d to 6id ; mutton 5d to 7d ; veal 4d to scl; pork 4d to Od ; bacon 7d to 8:1 ; sansages 5d per lb Hops 61103 to 01 0.3 per ewt. Bangor slates 3: 1 2; tid to 3153 per ton. Bark—Barbary 71 Os to 810 s ; Valonia 151 to 01; Frenc h 61 Os ; Spanish 01 per ton. Fleece Wool 14s to 153 per stone. Hemp 321 to 34/ per ton. Fish—Scotch herrings 213 to 00s; red ditto, 24s to 001 per barrel ; Newfoundl an d, 101 t o 11/ 10 3 per ton. Timber—Memel, 603 per ton; red pine, 31 lOs; yellow ditto, 21 15s per ton ; deals, 12s to 15s per 100. Hides— Market 22s to 325; salted 23s to 32. s per cwt ; calf skins 34c1 to 3 d per lb. Potatoes, white 7d to 10d; Minions, 10d to 13d. Guano—Peruvian, 11/ ; Ichaboe, SI to 91 lOs per ton. Tar— Archangel, 19s per barrel. Mr...KENNARD, a director, said he agreed with the Chairman that their property was as secure a 3 any rail way property could possibly be, but he considered the course pursued last week by the Eastern Countie3 meet ing in reference to the proposed agreement between the three companies to have been most prejudicial to the interests of the Eastern Counties Company, surrounded as it was by rivals. It had the Great Northern on the western side, the Eastern Union en the eastern, and now also the Great Northern to flank them on the north side, and the latter company were working over to Dereham, which was within 17 miles of Norwich. lie thought the appointment of a committee at the Eastern Counties meeting, under all the circumstances, a most unfortunate event. Ile was perfectly satisfied the Norfolk Company would, if left to themselves, effect a union with the Great Northern Company. He thought it too bad that small shareholders, some of whom had been possessed of their shares hut for a short time, should be allowed by the great body of the proprietors to take a prominent part in the proceedings of the Eastern Counties Com pany, and sway the decisions of a proprietary possessed of property to the amount of so many rnillions.—(H{ar,) Mr. ROUTH did not quite agree with the views cf Mr. Kennard, although he was in favour of a working agree ment for conducing the trait; of the three companies. After some further discussio❑ the report was adopted, and the dividends of 5 per cent. and 6 per cent. per annum on the guaranteed stocks wore declared. The proceedings concluded with a vote of thanks to the Chairma❑ and directors. A WOMAN KILLED BY HER HUSBAND. BATH, WEDNESDAY.—A very melancholy occurrence took piece in this city last evening, which has caused a great deal of excitement. It appears that about eight o'clock a carpenter, named Joseph Clark, living at 5, Lampard's-buildings, returned home from his work at Brislington, near Bristol. A violent quarrel and fight ensued between Clark and his wire. The other lodgers in the house heard blows struck, but unfortunately they did not interfere until Clark was heard calling out to a Mrs. Langley fcr assistance. Mrs. Langley's husband, accompanied by another man, named Wilcox, then ran up stairs, and upon entering Clark's room they found him iu a sitting posture against the wall, supporting his wife, and shaking her, apparently for the purpose of bringing her to a state of consciousness. The room was in great confusion, and the person of the woman presented marks of great violence. Clark, on see ing Langley and Wilcox, immediately exclaimed " I am afraid I have done a bad job!" and when they removed the unfortunate woman from him she gave a convulsive gasp and immediately expired. On the floor was found a stick broken into three pieces, and clotted with blood. Surgical aid was immediately procured, but, of coarse, was of no avail. Clark, who appeared deeply affected by his position, was given at once into the custody of the police, and conveyed to the central station, followed by a large crowd, so speedily had the melancholy occurrence gained currency. This morning the prisoner was brought before the magistrates at the Guildhall, and charged with the wilful murder of his wife. He is a respectable looking man, and, on being placed at the bar, appeared greatly dejected. Mr. M. Harris, solicitor, watched the proceedings on his behalf. The only witness examined was police-constable 35, who deposed:—l was last-night, about a quarter-past 3 o'clock, called to No. 5, Lerahard's-buildings. I went up into the middle room, where I saw a woman in a sitting position on the floor, supported by two men and a woman, washing blood from her face. Mr. Hunt, a surgeon, was also there, and he said the woman was dead. I asked him where the man was that did it, and he pointed towards the prisoner Clark, who was standing by. I charged the prisoner with killing his wife, and he said lam the cause of her death. He said I I first pushed her down (pointing to the foot of the bed, where there was a large pool of blood), I then helped her up, and set her on the ledge of the window. I after wards beat her with a stick. I asked where is the stick? He pointed to the floor, where I found a stick broken in three or four pieces, on one of which was a quantity of hair wound round it, and blood. I then found a woman's cap thrust into the fire grate. There was no fire in the gra t e . Th ere was a quantity of hair in the cap. The prisoner said, that was there before I came home, and the hair on the floor was there when I came home. I took the prisoner into custody, and con veyed him to the police station. The prisoner was then remanded for a week. The case is rendered more melancholy by the fact that the prisoner has three children, the eldest only nine years old. BATH. THIIRSDAY.—A coroner's inquest was held by A. H. English, Esq., at one o'clock yesterday, at the New Inn, Rivers-street, when, after the examination of Eustace Clark, a son of the deceased, the Coroner sug gested that a post mortem examination of the body would be necessary, to which the jury assented, and the inquiry was adjourned for that purpose. SEABORNE MAILS. [N signifies that the mails are sent from the General Post-office by the night—and M by the morning —dispatch.] PLACE 3. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. On Feb. 11 and 18, W. Cubitt, Esq., President, in the chair, the discussion on Mr. A. V. Newton's paper, "An Inquiry into the nature of Patent Lew Protection, with a view to the better appreciation and security of the Rights of Inventor:." was renewed, and was continued throughout both evenings. An appendix to the paper was read, in which it was submitted, that if the conclusions drawn from the paper were correct, the spirit of the exiting patent law, con sidering th e A ct o f Jame 3 I. as such, should remain in tact; in which case any amelioration would be re- Etricted to matk.rs of detail; That the patent laws, as at pre s ent interpreted and administered, were based upon the spirit of justice; And that all suggestions fur tho amelioration of the patent laws, to be judicious and beneficial to inventors, mutt ref,:r solely to the granting of patents, and must in antno way touch upo n th e validity of patents when gred. In the discussion, the subject was firs t examined pleftleollyt,laawnd3 w w o h r i e lst oap it ab w l :s of a i d m m p i t o e v d e , ro t e h o a t t , ' i t t h r e , a present that the questi on should be very carefully n !t o r g g s ued f , under all possible conti ngmacies position be well considered, and the ben before any innovations were roi introduced, u sese fromdc,a ta s ,hpeanr proceeding nedisastrousrgfewr ehaiohitho e c o trh n ee s a e sm q e duu thenti feeasioeburelodr. It was argued that there was no analogy between the copywright of a book, a picture, or a design, and the protection granted for a❑ invention; and that, therefore, they could not be submitted to the same rule.% The existing facilities for offering opposition to the demands for patents were considered to be productive of benefit, for many applications had been successfully con tested, which, if they had been granted, would have ma terially interfered with the public interest. The present high cost of patents was deemed injudi cious, as having, among other objectionable effects, the tendency to induce the introduction of several distinct inventions under the same title, in order to save expense; and thus the system almost offered a premium for liti gation. The mere registration of inventions was then conten ded for, in order to reduce the cost and the tediQusnes:s of the present system. To this it was replied, that it was sufficiently difficult now, for a patent agent to advise a client as to the novelty of an invention, but that if registration alone would suffice, it would become impossible for any man, devoting his whole time to reading, to make himself acquainted with all that he should know, in order t 3 perform the duty of protecting his client's interest. As to the cost of pater ts, it was urged that cheap patents would render necessary cheap law, to defend the rights of inventors; as all profitable patents were cer tain to be infringed. It was contended, that the fact of so large a per emtage of the patents applied for, never having reachA the last stage, could not be attributed to the expense of the different stages, so much as to the present starching inquiry with them, having shown, that they really pos sessed no intrinsic merit, and that it was only common sense to abandon them. It was asserted, that there was always more available capital at command, for working patents, than there were good and useful inventions to be brought into general use. Their registration was again ob jected to, on the ground, that in drawing up the specification, the advocate frequently brought prominently forward some important feature of an invention which had not been considered of any moment by the author, and whose interest would probably have materially suffered if that point had been neglected. The appointment of a registrar, or board to revise specifications, was objected to, as a most destructive measure, and it was asserted that juries very rarely de cided contrary to the justice and common sense of a case. That the finding of a jury had scarcely ever been reversed in a court of law; whilst the ruling of judges had been admitted by themselves to be erroneous. The examination into patent questions by a jury composed of men engaged in pursuits analogous to the subject of invention, would be dangerous, as bringing self-interest to bear against probity. With respect to the practical operation of patents on mechanical improvements, it was shown, that several important inventions had never been made the subjects of patents at all, and that they had remained unused for terms of years before the public had appreciated them. The planing machine and th© key grove engine were examples of this position. With respect to the assumed number of useless patents, it was asserted that there was no instance of any ma chine whose perfection had been hindered by the diffi culty of bringing into accordance numerous patents taken for the several component parts of the machine. Every succes.ive patent might be for a progressive step necessary for the eventual combination of a perfect ma chine. This was demonstrated by recent cases of litiga tion on patents cases. It was proposed, that the time for which a patent was granted might be limited, subject to renewal in the case of really meritorious inventions. A graduated scale of prices appeared to be generally approved, as it would enable the ingenious, poor in ventor, to obtain the due reward for the exercise of his talents, without his resigning to the capitalist the greater portion of the profit. Although no definite result was arrived at, the general opinion appeared to be, that the present cost of patents might be considerably reduced; the forms of proceeding much simplified; and, by rendering compulsory the depositing of the specification at the time of applying for the patent, effective protection would be afforded to in ventors, and the dreaded increase of useless patents would be effectually restrained. The meeting was then adjourned until Tuesday, February 25th, when the following paper will be read : " Description of the R lel Border Bridge, erected over the River Tweed, on the line of the York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway," by Mr. G. B. Bruce, M. C.E. LONDON CITY APPRENTICES. Sir James Duke, M.P., in the course of a very eloquent speech, on the occasion of a public testimonial to John Robert Taylor, Esq., made some most pertinent remarks upon the value of apprenticeship in the city of London. It will be seen that our noble forefathers thought simi larly, even so far back as the time of Charles I. The extract is from Whitfield's Memoirs, and is not unworthy of notice:— "A curious account of the mode of apprenticing at this time is given in a letter from Mr. Howell to his father. Our two younger brothers which you sent hither are disposed of; my brother, Dr. Howell (afterwards Bishop of Bristol), hath placed the elder of the two with Mr. Hawes, a mercer, in Cheapside, and he took much pains in it ; and I had placed my brother Ned with Mr. Bar rington, a silkman in the same street, but afterwards, from some inconveniences, I removed him to one Mr. Smith, at the Flower-de-lute, in Lombard-street, a mercer also; their masters are both of them very well to pass, and of good reput; I think it will prove some ad vantage to them hereafter to be both of one trade; because, when they are out of their time, they may join stocks together; so that I hope, sir, they are well placed as any two youths in London; but you must not use to send them such large tokens in money, for that may corrupt them. When I went to bind my brother Ned appren tice in Drapers' Hall, casting my eyes upon the chim ney-piece of the great room, I might spie a picture of an ancient gentleman, and underneath Thomas Howe]; ' I ask'd th© clerk about him, and he told me that he had been a Spanish merchant in Henry the Eight's time, and coming home rich, and dying a bachelor, he gave that hall to the Company of Drapers, with other things, so that he is accounted one of their chiefest benefactors. I told the clerk that one of the sons of Thomas Hoe.el came now thither to be bound, he answered, that if ho be a right Howel he may have, when he is free, three hundred pounds to help him to set up, and pay no interest for five years. It may be hereafter we may make use of this. He told me also that any maid that ean prove her father to be a true Howel, may come and demand fifty pounds towards her portion of the said hall. Because Mr. Hawes, of Cheapside, is lately dead, I have removed my brother Griffith to the Hen and Chickens in Paternoster-ro w , to Mr. Taylor's, as g e ntil e a s h op as any i n the city, but I gave a piece of plate of twenty nobles price to his wife." portance in the system of Europaan States, and,to pro. teet their interests according to the fundamental laws of the Confederation. This was th© state of affairs when the present Cabinet assumed the gr.vernawnt of Hano ver. That Cabinet agreed with its possessors as to the views, which it ought to take of the existing law; but the affairs of Germany presented, nevertheless, the most embarrassing difficulties. " A neighbouring country (Hesse) exhibited the la mentable spectacle of a rupture between the Sovereign and his subjects. The intervention of the Federal Power was opposed by a third party (Prussia), and for the purpose of protecting its own interests and rights this third party occupied the country without the con sent of its Sovereign. The Hanoverian Government had been summoned to assist in an armed intervention. "In the north, another Federal province (Holstein) and its Sovereign were engaged in actual warfare. That country, after au enormous sacrifice of blood and trea sure, pined for peace and repose. A peace had been concluded between the Sovereign and the German Go comments, aed this peace protected the rights of Ger many. But still the combat was continued. In this case, too, the Hanoverian Government was asked to take part in an armed intervention for the purpose of disarming a population which had fought and combated under the same banner with the soldiers of Hanover. " The part which, under these circemstances, the Ha noverian Government was compelled to take in the in terest of Germany and its own interest, was clear be yond the possibility of a doubt. Pc acc was to he pre served at any risk; the most active co-operati,in was wanted to restore an acknowledged state of public law to Germany, It was necessary to reconcile, but not to pit against one another, the conflicting elements in the neighbouring states, to protect the rights of Germany without prolonging a resultless and bloody war, and, as much as possible, to protect Hanover itself from new burdens. "The military power of Hanover cannot give that country so much importance as a consistent and equit able foreign and domestic policy is sure to do. And in this equitable policy the Government has been supported by the resolution of the Diet of the 16th January, 1850, which directs it to procure a Constitution of Germany by means of the development of the existing law. Nor need the Government repent of the course which it has taken. Relying on similar sentiments in its mightier allies, even at times when the rights of the Confederation seemed for the moment to be misunderstood, the Hanoverian Government, assured and confident of the justness of its cause, stood unmoved amidst the warlike preparations which convulsed the major part of Germany, and the expense of a mobili zation of its armed force was thus spared to the country. The consequence has been that the Govern ment has had the extreme gratification to witness the es tablishment of amicable relations in the place of me nacing dissensions, and of a scission between the north and south of Germany. The danger of a war, with all its fatal consequences, has been removed, and the two great Powers are stow united in the endeavours to remodel Germany by means of a revision of the existing Fe deral Constitution. The fidelity of Hanover to the existing Federal law, and the pacific attitude of the north-west of Germany, have materially as sisted in obtaining these favourable results. The Hanoverian Government has, moreover, readily sent its plenipotentiaries to the Conferences, which were opened for the purpose of revising the Constitu tion. The instructions of that plenipotentiary contain a distinct expression of the solicitude (eigene Sorge) of the Government for the fulfilment of the Constitutional promises (Verfassungs Zusagen) which it has given. Deeply imbued with respect for the existing law, the Government has positively refused to recognize any exceptional resolutions (Ausnahnis-Besehlasse) which, according to its opinion, ought to be foreign to the legislation of the Confederation. It has not lent itself to any intervention in any neighbouring State, and although its attempts at a reconciliation of the con flicting interests have been void of success, the Hano verian Goverment still continues, and proposes to con tinue, to exert its influence for the above purpose. Re cognizing the obligati•els of a treaty of peace and tiae injunctions of the Federal law, the Government has taken part in the transactions of the Fe deral Assembly respecting the affairs of another Federal proeince (Holstein). And while it assented to the resolution of the Federal Assembly, by which this question too was committed to the two great Powers the Hanoverian Government advocated the protection of the rights of Germany according to the Federal resolu tions of the 17th of September, 1846. The Government hopes that the Diet will fully understand and appreciate its conduct iwthe questions to which it has referred. " VON M4CHAUSEN, LINDEMANN, DOSSING, JACOBI, TH. MAYER, VON HAMMERSTEIN. "Hanover, Feb. 15." POLICE INTELLIGENCE. •r MANSION-HOUSE. Sarah Boring was brought before the Lord Mayor, in the custody ot W. Luck (policeman 430), charged with having stolen a shilling. The policeman said the prisoner went into a shop in Cannon -street; and presented a petition praying for re lief. The tradespeople, especially in that neighbour hood, were overwhelmed with applications from people pretending to be in distress, as well as from real objects, and the petition was refused. The woman retired from the shop, but returned ef er some little hesitation, took up a shilling which lay upon the counter, and was about to depart, when the money was missed, and she was accused of the theft. She at once acknowledged that she ha.i taken possession of what did not belong to her, but the tradesman, who was a gentleman of well-known humanity, declined to appear against her. She pleaded deep distress is an excuse for the robbery. The LORD MAYOR —I am very sorry to sce a woman who has evidviltly seen better days brought before me for an effenee.'ef this kind. You seem to be in a de plorable condition. How did this happen? The pri soner, with the tears gushing from her eyes, said that she was stervihg, and that her husband end children were starving ! She solemnly declared that when she first entered die shop she had not a di s h ones t th ou ght, but that as shi3,was leaving it she saw th e s hilli ng on the counter, and supposing that some cus t omer h a d l e ft i t behind in mistlike, she could not resist the temptation when she looked to her perishing family and had within her grasp the means of saving them for a while. The LORD Mescoa—But why, if you were in such ne cessity, did you not apply to the union? The relieving officers could nowhere be insensible to such an appeal. The prisoner —My Lord, I did apply to the relieving officer in Bermondsey, where we live, but he slammed the door is my face. and refused to give me any assist ance. I hope your Lordship will forgive me. It is the first dishonest action I ever committed, and it shall be the last, whatever may be the consequence. The LORD MAYOR —Officer, have you made any in quiry into this case ? The policeman—l went, my Lord, to the place in which the prisoner resides, and I found there was the .most miserable poverty in the room. There was an ol.i bedstead, on which there was a little straw, but no clothes whatever. On the straw the pri soner's husband lay labouring with a disease of the hip, and at the foot of the bedstead were two wretched chil dren. All the furniture in the plam consisted of two broken-down chairs, and the man, at my request, got up and lighted a match, and I looked round and saw that there was not a morsel of food there. L was alto gether a melancholy sight. The prisoner—My husband was in the employment of a respectable tradesman in Easteheap, who knows his good character, and would still employ him, but has been obliged to take into his service a person better able to work in the business. We have three children at home, and we have not a bit to eat, and I came out to get something, when I fell into this misfortune. There is some curious analogy in the above, inasmuch that Mr. Taylor followed up the observations of Sir James. The City apprentices of the present day will read the following with no great love of the " good old times:"— "In the year 1582, the luxury of the times having greatly prevailed among people of all degrees, in their apparel, particularly by apprentices, the Lord Mayor and Common Council enacted, that no apprentice whatsoever should presume, 1. To wear any apparel but what he receives from his mas ter. 2. To wear no hat, nor anything but a woollen cap, without any silk in or about the same. 3. To wear neither reffil2s, cuffs, loose collars, nor anything than a ruff at the collar, and that only of a yard and a half long. 4. To wear no doublets but what are made of canvas, fustian, sackcloth, English leather, or woollen, without any gold, silver, or silk trimming. 5. To wear no other coloured cloth, or kersey, in hose or stockings, than white, blue, or russet. 6. To wear no other breeches but what shall be of the same stuffs as the doublets, and neither stitched, laced, or bordered. 7. To wear no other than a plain upper coat, of cloth or leather, without pinking, stitching, edging, or silk about it. To wear no other surtout than a cloth gown or cloak, lined or faced with cloth, cotton, or baize, with a fixed round collar, without stiching, guarding, lace, or silk. 9. To wear no pumps, slippers, or shoes, but of English leather without being pinked, edged, or stitched; nor girdles, nor garters, other than of crewel, woollen, thread, or leather, without being garnished. 10. To wear no sword, dagger, or other weapon but a knife; nor a ring, jewel of gold nor silver, nor silk in any part of his apparel, on pain of being punished at the dis cretion of the master for the first offence; to be pub lickly whipped at the hall of his company for a second offence; and to serve six months longer than speci fied in his indentures for a third offence." And it was further enacted, " That no apprentice should frequent or go to any dancing, fencing, or musical schools ; nor keep any chest, press, or other place for keeping of ap parel or goods, but in his master's house, under the penalties aforesaid." The policeman—l called upon the tradesman she speaks of, my Lord, and I find that what she says is true. The gentleman told me if ho hal any jobs to do he would willingly give them to the man, whom he believed to be honest, and knew to be industrious. The LORD MAYOR (to the prisoner)—llow have you been sustaining life? The prisouer—We have got a loaf of bread now and then. The Loan Mevort—Anything else? The prisoner— A little cold tea; n o thing more. I have b een un d er me dical care, but the d o ctor told me there was no use i n prescribing for me, for it was not physic, but food, that I wanted. If your Lordship will send a woman with me into the next room, I'll soon show her that the clothes I wear cover not a living body, but a living skeleton. The simple statement of the unhappy creature evi dently affected the crowd in the justice-room. Her apprehension appeared to be a permanent separation from her family, and sh e a gain and again entreated forgive ness, and vowed that she would " sin no more." The LORD MAYOR directed that immediate relief should be given t o t h e pr i s oner and her famil y, where epvoewretrhfueyl- a might be; buep;onthtahte sympathies of the benevolent.she should be at once, r e l ease d from custody ; and that more particular inquiries should be made i nto c i rcumstances which se eme d to have so GUILDHALL. James Gilbert, publisher, of 49, Paternoster-row, ap peared yesterday to answer an information charging him with neglecting to conform to the Copyright Act, which directs that a copy of every new work that is .published shall be sent to the British Museum. Sir PETER L AURIE sa id it was evident that d e f en d ant had violat e d t h e Act o f Parliament, and h a d thereby rendered i himself lber t paid liathhie to penalties. lie w ou ld f i ne him money, and said th at f or the ' in the miti gate d p ena lty of 2/. 10s. and costs, ma ki ng altogether 41. lOs. bin. Gilbert future he would appoint one of his men to attend to that department—of regularly forwarding copies of all new works as soon as published to the BrNsia Museum. Sack was the state of " apprenticeship" in the year 582. GERMANY. The following message has been communicated by the King cf Hanover's Government to the Diet of that kingdom : " The conduct of his Majesty Government with re spect to the affairs of Germany has been guided by those general principles of justice which the Government ascertained by a conscientious examination of the facts of the case. The sudden and various events (Week selfille) have made such an examination difficult in the extreme. But the conviction to which we always re turned remained unaltered—vis., that the law and the constitution of Germany exist according to the contents of the fundamental principles and the constitutional re solutions of the Germanic Confederation; that this law excludes exceptional laws which have been repealed in a constitutional manner, and that it includes the fulfilment of promises constitutionally made and given. The Ger manic Confed?ration, though its indissoluble character was recognised by fundamental laws, was, in consequence of the events of 1848 and 1849, deprived of the organ of its joint volition (Gcsant-willen). The suspensions of the functions of such an organ exerted a most lamentable influence. Perfect valour consists in doing, without witnesses, all we should be capable of doing before the whole world —Eliza cook's Journal. ns Tubbs, b ' s if , s t WisnEcn.-11 . 1 E smEnism. Consid era bl e i nterest of Cpwell, o n two occasions : the has been excit e d i n t his locality by the v ery remarkable u h r e g elonnfluence of mesm er i sm adduced by , first was in a l ecture d e voted to the subject d e li vered to the A m i a r. ni vv fe . st l a ,. ti members of the Wisbech Scientific Institution; and the se cond in connexion with a musical display in the concert room, in which one of the persons operated upon by Mr. Tubbs exhibited the imitative faculty in a very astonishing; degree, by following with exact tone and time various melo dies which were given by a professional singer. In our re• port of Mr. Tubbs' lecture, several instances were relate d of remarkable cures effect , :d in the mesmeric state, and the living subjects were produced to the audience in corrobora tion of the statements of the lecturer. A very curious in stance has just been presented : a man named Minoto, wit° has been a cripple for a very long time, and unable to benk 1 his legs for seven years past, has given proofs of the proba.. bility of at least a partial restoration of the use of those limbs. The first and second experiments were made in the presence of the Rev. T. I'. Holmes, who expressed himself perfectly satisfied that a very extraordinary effect was pro- , duced, although his impression upon the subject was pre viously unfavourable. Other instances of cure are mentioned. —Stamford acrcury. " To supply the want thus created, the Government sent a Royal Commissioner to the Plenar Assembly of the Confederation which was convened on the 10th of May, 1850, and to the Federal Assembly which met on the 2d cf September of the same year. But when the Government was summoned to take part in the Federal Assembly, its consent was tanked to the solem n assurance that it was not the object of that Assembly to return to the old condition and the old forms, but that its object was to remodel the Confederation according to the ne cessities of the time, and in the meanwhile to guarantee the superiutendenea over the common affairs of the German countries, so as to assert their dignity an d WI. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. Mr. Cowan, from Ulverstone; by Mr. Ellis, from Lei cester; by Mr. Slaney, from Dover; by Air. Osborne; from Brentford; by Mr. Ewart, from Dumfries; by Mr. H. Berkeley, from the proprietors of Felix Farlcy's .leu, - nal; by Mr. Lushintton, from Devonshire. Petitions against the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill were presented from the counties Monaghan and Antrim by Mr. S. Crawford; from Youghal by Mr. Fagan; from county of Dublin by Mr. Reynolds; and from several places in Ireland by Lord Naas. Lord RENDELSUAM presented a petition from a place in Norfolk praying for the establishment of county financial boards. Mr. STANLEY presented a petition praying the House to pass some measure for the relief of agricul tural distress. Mr. BOOKER presented petitions from several places in Ireland complaining of agricultural distress. Mr. M'CULLAGH presented a petition from Airdrie, in Berwiekshire, and from several other pl aces , both in Scotland an d Ireland, praying that the Roman Catholic disabilities may not be increased, even if they are continued. Mr. Alderman Sidney, Mr. Tufnel!, and Sir William Ahdy presented petitions for the total and uncondi tional abolition of the window-tax. Mr. HUME presented petitions from the seamen of Sunderland and Great Yarmouth, complaining of the effects wrought by the New Merchant Seamen's Act. They stated that it had in truth reduced them to servi tude; they had no alternative but to apply for the I ::eriefit of the poor-laws, for they felt that the law had done nothing more nor less than place them in the position of slaves. Mr. HUME presented petitions from Hull, Mold, and other places, complaining of the monopoly enjoyed in the printing of Bibles. Mr. TENNENT and Mr. Wm]) presented several pe titions against the continuance of the income-tax. Mr. MORGAN JOHN O'CONNELL presented several petitions from Kerry praying that the Irish Church might not be injured by the measures of the Government. Mr. M. GIBSON presented petitions from Manchester, and several other places, praying that the sump and advertisement duties might be remitted, and complain ing, especially on the part of one individual, of the Act of the 6th and 7th William IV., that she had been very much injured by it. NOTICES OF MOTION. Lord NAAS gave notice that this day fortnight he should move for a Committee of the whole House to in quire into the law affecting the levying of duties on home made spirits in bond. Colonel SIBTHORP gave notice that if a Bill should be brought in for a renewal of the income-tax he should move an exemption in favour of officers in the army and navy and of tenant farmers. Mr. WILLIAMS gave notice that this day fortnight he should submit to the House the motion of which he had given notice on the first night of the session, namely, that no portion of the public money should be inter cepted on its way to the Treasury, nor should any be expended without the sanction of Parliament. Mr. HUME gave notice, that should the House agree to the income-tax, he would move an amendment limit ing its duration to one year, to admit of an inquiry being instituted into the inequality of the tax, and the injus tice of levying the same rate on the terminable as on perpetual annuities, and on fluctuating means as upon permanent property. Mr. ANSTEY gave notice that this day fortnight he would move a resolution on the subject of the allegation contained in a petition which was presented on the 14th inst., by the Hon. Member for Montrose, from Rungo Bapojee, the agent of the grand guardian of the infant Raja of Sattara, complaining of a denial of justice before her Majesty's Court of Privy Council. PROPERTY AND INCOME-TAX. Mr. MACGREGOR gave notice of his intention to move in the Committee of Ways and Means, as an amendment to any resolution or resolutions for impos ing a duty or duties on property or income, that rates of duty not exceeding the following rates and proportions, shall be levied, viz..- " Upon the annual value of all property enumerated in the Act 5 and 6:Victoria, cap. 35, under Schedule A;aed upon all the annual dividends or profits of all property shares or investments :enumerated under Schedule C in the said Act, and upon the annual profits or gains aris ing or accruing to any person residing in Great Britain, from any kind of property whatever, whether situate in Great Britain or elsewhere, there shall be charged yearly "A. For all such incomes exceeding the annual value of 501. and not exceeding 1001., for every 20s. thereof above 501 the sum of 2d.; exceeding 1001. and not ex ceeding 1501., for every 20s. thereof the sum of 2id., and for every 20s. above 100/. the sum of 24d. additional; exceeding 1501. and not exceeding 200 r, for every 20s. thereof the sum of scl„ and for every 20s. above 1501. the sum of 22d. additional; exceeding 2001. and not ex ceeding 3001., for every 20s. thereof the sum of 7td., and for every 20s. exceeding 2001. the sum of 21d. additional. Fur all such incomes exceeding 3001., for every 20s. thereof the sum of 10d. " B. Upon the annual value of all such properties in respect to the occupation thereof, as they are enumerated in Schedule B, 506 Victoria, for every 20s. of the annual rental exceeding 751. and not exceeding 1504, the sum of id.; and for every 203. of annual rental exceeding 1501. and upwards the sum ef 2d. "C. Upon all annual profits or gains arising or accru ing to persons residing in Great Britain from any pro fession, trade, employment, or vocation, whether the same be respectively carried on in Great Britain or else where; and upon every public office or employment of profit, and upon every pension, annuity, and stipend payable by her Majesty or out of the revenue of the United Kingdom, except annuities charged as enu merated under Schedule C of the Act 5 and ,6 Vic., chapter 35, there shall be charged as follows, viz.:- For all profits, gains or income, exceeding the annual value of 75/. and not exceeding 1501., fur every 20s. thereof above 75/. the sum of 10.; exceeding 150/. and not exceeding 200/, for every 20s. thereof the sum of 21d.; and tor every 20s. above 150/. the sum of lid. additional; exceeding 200/. and not exceed ing 300/, for every 20s. the sum of 5d.; and for every 20s. above 2001. the sum of Id. additional; ex ceeding 3001. per annum, for every 20s. the sum of 5d." Mr. WODEHOUSE gave notice of his intention to move for certain returns connected with the levying and assessment of the property-tax. Mr. MITCHELL gave notice that this day fortnight he should move the appointment of a Select Committee to inquire into the constitution of the Board of Customs EXTRAMURAL INTERMENTS ACT. HOUSE OF LORDS, Feb. 20. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his scat on the Woo, sack at Five o'cicck. Toe Earl of BANDON presented several petitions against Papal aggression from places in the county of Cork. The Bishop of CHICHESTER presented several pe titions against Papal aggression. Lord BEAUMONT presented a petition from an in dividual named Brewer, who was a resident in Canada, and who complained that letters directed to him had been intercepted in their passage through the Post-office. The Earl of PO WIS presented several petitions com plaining of agricultural diitress. Sir DE LACY EVANS asked the First Commissioner of Woods and Forests when the Board of Health would be enabled to commence giving effect to the Act of last session, for the discontinuance of intramural interment. Lord SEYMOUR said the Board of Health had lost no time in taking all the preparatory steps which were ne cessary before the Act could be brought into operation, but there were provisions in the Act which required con siderable deliberation as to the arrangements which should be made under them. He hoped, however, before long the Act would be brought into operation. DUTY ON CARRIAGES. In reply to an Horr. MEMBER, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER stated it was not hi 4 intention to propose any alteration of the duty on carriages. SUPREMACY OF THE CROWN. Mr. JOHN STUART asked Lord John Russell, whether any of rite 'law officers of the Crown, for Eng land or Scotland or Ireland, had given any opinion to the effect that, in order to the vindication of the supre macy of the Crown against the aggression of the Pope of Rome, it was necessary or expedient that the enactment of penalties and tdisabilities against the Protestant Bishops of the Scotch Episcopal Church should be submitted for the sanction of Parlia ment. Whether, in case any such opinion had been given, there was any objection to lay a copy of such opinion before the House. Lord J. RUSSELL said it was usually the practice of the Government to ask the opinion of the law officers of the Crown as to the state of the law when any occasion arose for doing so, but it was not the practice to ask their opinion with regard to measures which the Government might think it necessary to bring be fore the House. He had to state in reply to the Hon. and Learned Member's question, that the Government had not consulted the law officers of the Crown on the subject to which he referred. NATIONAL GALLERY. Mr. CHARTERIS asked the First Lord of the Treasury whether it was the intention of the Govern ment to take any steps in the present session of Par liament with reference to the National Gallery, either as regarded that portion of the building at present occupied by the Royal Academy, or with respect to the enlarge ment of the building itself? - I — ordi.RUSSELL replied that it was the intention of the Government to make certain proposals with re gard to the National Gallery, but he was not in a po sition to state at present the nature of them. EXTENSION OF COUNTY COURTS TO SCOTLAND, Mr. HUME asked the Secretary of State whether there was any intention of bringing in a Bill to extend to Scotland the County Courts for the easy and speedy recovery of debts under 501.? Mr. FOX MAULS replied that the existing laws in Scotland for the recovery of small debts worked very satisfactorily, and no csmplaints having been made with respect to it, the Government bad no intention to in troduce any Bill to extend the County Courts Act to Scotland. NEW CHANCERY ACT. L.EOGH asked the Attorney-General for Ire land if any general rules had been framed in pursuance of the Chancery Act of last session, and if not, what had caused the delay, and whether there was any hke hhood that they would be soon published? Mr. HATCHELL said he had sent to Ireland for in formation on the subject of the Chancery Act of last session, and as soon as he received a reply he would have no hesitation in conveying it to the House. BREACH OF PRIVILEGE. Sir J, WILLOUGHBY called the attention of the Nobla Lord the Member for Bath (Lord Duncan) to certain expressions which the public journals had re ported him to have used at a public meeting. It ap peared that the Noble Lord had said the people had r.o right to express their regret at anything done in the House of Commons. Lord DU NC AN bore testimony to the wonderful ac curacy with which the proceedings of the House of Commons and public meetings were reported, but stated he had been misrepresented by the public journals in the present instance. What ho saad was this—that he had been called to order by the Speaker, and told that the people of England had no right to ex press their s ur p r i se or regret i n an y matter under debate in the H ouse o f C ommons , w hi c h only reached them through the reports in the public journals, which were not authorised by the House. LAW OF PARTNERSHIP. Ada PLAWLX arvt3e t 9 1319y9 1Q § §olect couluitleo COUNTY COURTS BILL. Lord BROUGHAM explained that the Bill which he would present to•morrow was for an extension of the County Court jurisdiction. THE" VICE-CHANCELLORSHIP. The NoBLE and LEARNED LORD wished to ask his Noble and I.4?arned Friend on the IVoo!sack. whether it was intended to appoint a new Vice Chancellor in the room of Vice-Chancellor Wigram. lle admitted that when the appointment of two additional Vice• Chancellors was propo.ed he had supported that p.)rtion of the measure which prohibited the re-appoint ment of the third Vice-Chancellor on the occasion of a vacancy; but since that time the business in the Court of Chancery had greatly increased in consequence of the immense development which had taken place in the rail way system; and he therefore hoped that an Act would be brought in authorising the appointment of a third Vice-Chancellor. The LORD CHANCELLOR said the subject had occupied the anxious attention of the Government. In the course of next week a Bill for regulating the Court of Chancery would be presented to Parliament, and the Government had been anxious not to fill up the vacancy until the decision of Parliament should have been taken on the Bill; but he admitted the necessity of having for the present further judicial assistance in the Cuurt of Chancery. The business had accumulated in conscuence of the facilities recently given for bringing cases quickly to a hearing. Since Michaelmas last no less than 500 cases had been put down for hearing, and he thought that the Government would find it advisable to introduce a Bill authorising the appointment of a third Vice Chancellor without waiting for the larger measure. Lord CRAN WORTH entirely confirmed all that had fallen from his Noble and Learned Friend, and wished to impress upon their Lordships the absolute necessity of appointing a third Vice-Chancellor with the least possible delay. The Noble Lord proceeded to describe the course of proceeding in the Court of Chancery in various classes of cases, in order to prove the necessity of the immediate appointment of a new Vice-Chan cellor. He had been urged to sit evenings as well as mornings, but he had neither mental or physical strength to do it. Lord STANLEY thought that the measure for the appointment of a new Vice-Chancellor, which appeared urgently necessary, should be kept distinct from ti - e other and larger measure. Ire wished to know whe ther the latter measure would be introduced into this or into the other House of Parliament. He thought it should be introduced into this House rather than into the House of Commons. Tho LORD CHANCELLOR was not at the present moment prepared to reply to the question. Lord BROUGHAIII was well satisfied with the expla nations he had elicited from his Noble and Learned Friend. PETITIONS. Earl GREY presented petitions in favour of the Dlar riage Bill from Wigan, Manchester, Perth, Shields, and &everal other places'; also several against Papal aggression ; also petitions in favour of copyhold en franchisement; and a petition from Monmouth in favour of a, repeal of the window-tar. MARRIAGE BILL. The Earl of ST. GERMANS gave notice that he should on Monday move fnr a return the number of petitions which had been presented fur and against the Marriage Bill. Their Lordsips then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Feb. 20. The SPEAKER took the Chair shortly before Four o'clock. NEW MEMBER. 7slr. PARIIOW took the oaths and his seat for South Nottinghamshire. UTTOXETER ROAD BILL. This Bill was read a second time. GIaLl AT. NORTHERN RAILWAY (No. 3) BILL. On the motion of Mr. B. DENISON that this Bill be read a second time, Lord GALWAY said that he had received a nume. rously signed petition from his constituents (the electors of East Retford) praying that the Bill should not pass, It should be recollected that this Bill had been previously before the House and had been twice rejected. The ob ject of the Bill was to !take a deviation from the loop line of the Great Northern Railway. By the deviation which was proposed by the Bill the routs to Gainsborough would be from the Great Northern line about sixteen miles, whereas, by the present route, it was only nine miles. The Com mittee of the House had almost unanimously rejscted the Bill, and when on another occasion it was put before the House it was lost by a large majority. Thy ro was no doubt that this was an attempt to impose upon the House a Bill which had received a universal condemna tion of the Legislature. He had received but little no tice of the second reading of this Bill, or he could have said more respecting it. He should therefore move that Ibis Bill be read this day six months. Mr. B. DENISON complained of the Noble Lord's objection to the Bill, on the ground that he had not re ed a sufficient notice of the second reading of the Bill. It wins true that the Noble Lord had, in 1848, persuaded the House to reject the Bill, but it should be recollected that the Noble Lord had not, nor had any of his relations, the slightest interest in the land which would be affected by this Bill. The line which was intended to t'e carried out would go through a flit piece of country, and cross the Sheffield, Manchester, and Lincolushire line, so as to save a great inconvenience to the public, and he trusted, therefore, that the House would not again subject the population of that district to the ex pense of fresh litigation, to the delay of a great con venience, and to the disadvantages of a commercial competition. Mr. MONCKTON MILNES said that the line had been concocted for a certain purpose, arid if the Hon. Member for West Yorkshire, who was chairman of the Great Northern, would only carry out what he had pro mised to do when he first assumed the position which he at present held, he (Mr. Milnes) would have no objection to the passing of the Bill, but he could assure him, that unless the promises which had been held out by the powerful company of the Great Northern were fulfilled that no benefit could possibly arise to the company. Great companies were defended by Acts of Parliament, and when private gentlemen came into positions of power and great influence, the only means of curbing them lay with the House of Commons.—(Hear, hear.) Feeling such to be the case, and knowing that the rejection of this Bill would be instrumental in promoting the bene fit of the district through which the line was intended to pass, he should vote for the Noble Lord's amendment. The House then divided, when there appeared— For the second reading .. 46 Against it ... 102 Majority against it ...-56 The Bill was accordingly thrown out. ROYSTON AND HITCHIN RAILWAY. On the motion for the second reading of this Mr. GOULBURN informed the House that the Bill had already been once or twice rejected by the House and by a Committee up-stairs. There was no necessity whatever for the line which was proposed to be sanctioned, inasmuch as a line from Royston to Hitchin was now in the course of construction and would be opened to the public before the Ist of next June. The scheme embraced by the Bill would seriously injure St. Peter's and other colleges, as the promoters contemplated erecting a station in the centre of the town of Cambridge, and as both the line and that station were wholly uncalled for .he should move that the Bill be read a second time this day six months. Mr. B. DENISON would not occupy the time of the House by discussing the merits of the Bill, as it was neither the wish nor the intention of the Great Northern Railway to make the line. It was, however, their wish to see a communication established between Cam bridge and Hitchin, and this Bill wa3 only brought forward to force on the Eastern Counties to the completion of their line, which they undertook to make three years ago, but until notice was given of this Bill, they did not attempt to put a spade in the ground. He would not put the House to the trouble of dividing. The motion for the second reading was therefore ne gatived without a division, and the amendment agreed to. SUPPLY OF WATER TO THE METROPOLIS. Sir G. GREY moved that it be an instruction to the Committee of Selection not:to fix the sitting of the Com mittees on any Bill connected with the supply of water to the metropolis, or to any part thereof, till at least one week after the Easter recess. The Right Hon. Gentleman had observed that the Government had considered the recommendations of the Board of Health with regard to a better supply of water to the metropolis, and they had prepared a Bill—he would not say founded on the scheme of the Board, but which, if it received the sanc tion of the House, would render it extremely desirable that no new Bills on the subject should go before the Committee until this one was laid before the House. :e therefore proposed, as the fairest course which could be adopted under the circumstances, that these Bills should be deferred until after Easter. Mr. V. SMITH hoped the Right Hon. Gentleman would name an earlier period, as Easter would fall very late this year, and the companies who had introduced Bills would be delayed in carrying out their improve. ments for a better supply of water if those Bills could not be proceeded with at an early day. In reply to Mr. W. PATTEN, Sir G. GREY said the Bill was in preparation, and he expected to lay it on the table of the House before Easter. The Government were of opinion, with the Board of Health, that it would be inexpedient and un desirable that the supply of water to the metropolis should be made the subject of competition. PETITIONS. Sir J. YOUNG presented several petitions, from places in Ireland against Papal aggression. Mr. W. PATTEN presented petitions from Lancashire to the same effect. A great number of petitions were presented against the window-tax. Sir R. H. INGLIS presented a number of petitions against Papal aggression. Colonel CHATTERTON presented petitions from - various places in the county of Cork, to the same effect. Petitions against the paper duty we re presented b y to consider the law of partnership, and a proposed Frani: tatiun of liability, with a view to encourage u seful e s _ terprise and th e a ddi t i on al eleploy m ent of labour. ncei considerel that ens law which he now proposed t o SW eu w of the as a gre a t c h ec k t o the industry and energy hi, wodsing [neon of the country. Now he would direct er attention to the way in which the lower classes ti ere eted by the several Bills which had been pose? this that 'sub j• ct. In other countries such an evil aerie e d would have been productive of the mot Effects; and by the which they ha d adar tes po'icy the contrast betwe e n the con di t ion of the eteas be tw ae of other countrie s and those of this had t made very app aren t. I n this country th e g r i t, amount of capital had been accumulated ever been gathered together in the world befo re, and yet they derived no benefit from wee connected with an interest which had sufferiet;ll6.°4 than any other. The interest from which be derived a', humble income was the landed interest, but all bis beobe:'d had been disappointed, and the measures from will s "' h e , t he anticipated relief had produced no benefit. From returns. of a society with which be was conneceteafood which extended to twenty-six counties, b wor se that the working classes were in a fa r g oo condition than they h a d been f" ci f or sot years past. Th at society had offered a rewar coo, proof of the red un d anc y of the population in these .... so i . ties, but no one h a d appetred to claim th at re w bee (Hear, hear.) His Restit Hen. Friend bel?g to th e (the Chesicell or o f th e E xc h e quer) could go 11_,00, City and borro w mone y a t ei per cent., to an y a be ' rro' r while the worki ng commun i t y were obliged to tee , at the rate of 60 s . for the 1001. and any of th e o th er g reat The bO7O d could do the same, and h e a sked under the 61 ' 0112 Does . l4 orde r whether so m e a l terat i on oug h t not to be made ise"nt o 9t ro de to increase the welfare of the lower classes, 311 capi al more available for the gene ral ere oat of And yet just at this time they found men , w- 0 - 0 able' employment —men only half employed, an° 113 t bodied and ready to work emigrating of the world. He did not state t hi s h ., t hof cause of bitter complaint, but as a caus e I. .:000 11 should inquire into the subject. The 80 1 for lb. party was peculiarly interested in this question _toe more they enabled the working men of this er to distal' a t he to buy cheese, drink malt, and wear woo went more they would benefit themselves. A S f p fist capital was confined to a few bands, it w'' be, i ll. monopolised by a number of speculators, be# stead of applying it to the employment e ye- - labour operated with it a b roa d, and mach of evil-- th e id for an evil it was , an d a great one too—was ereete;ea, fostered by the cobwebs of the law. For igiga man with a small es t a t e cou ld not raise Ine u l es coss its security witho u t go i ng t h roug h an expeolv.e, 4 Pe r of law, and the co nsequence wa s be had te,„P; e r e We s t ° cent., where he sh ou ld on ly p a y 3 per coat. .` mob P . four points with re gar d t o thi s question t o Iv or y Os would direct attenti on . Th e first was, tha t e o r ted with laied through conveyances, lost o we connected provements, was loaded e quence of which they bad to pay one-fourth a l of bind they ought. It had been shown that the salw e neit tiol; with legal chicane* o '' re t oo l was depreciated by five years' purchase, by th e rostra ° of these heavy impediments and expenses, tbioo of obtaining l oans at 4 per cent ., if this ttat and e er o ne did not exist, th e y m i g h t o bt a i n them at Si Pbeeter e " they adopted th e plan of changing loans into Lie n I St S to pass from hand t o h an d, th e y could get ° L e bo o° ' per cent., which ou g ht t o h ave been adopted per: vernment whin they advanced money for dratn;i oo ot poses. This was th e fi rs t f e tt e r on the ace srl ! ° rO poeti his capital. He cam e t o th e seco nd head of soft tion. If any publi c i m p rovemen t took plac e 1,01509 e e 'f or particular loc a lity, suc h as a bridge, g as os litY any project whi c h p ar t oo k o f the combine d fl d be s k e i public benefit and p r i va t e advantage, be fore cessary for the parti es engage d in any of h " - e f o re w t h - ' 0 to come to that H ouse an d o btain a Bill biked could proceed. Why was not an Act passe" et could Enclosure Act, by w hi c h th e se i n sprovera i e w , 5 0 1 be carried out un d er cer t a in regulairolistaehaa thereby making it unnecessary to come t , ao 3e on these matters?—(Hear, hear.) lie " w ee jaben' e - 0 ." third head. There were p erson s amongst ''''l", s ys and working cla sses w h o were anxious t o P as t f portunity of applying their savings in s way n t otai e be useful to them, but who, owing to the pre forth e the law, were un a bl e t o d o so . What be ,a, ske e sona r r ' men was fair play, an d no thi ng more. 10 4 1 ~„ ry men clubbed their money together for bar men to P o i poses, it was only necessary for one of these ea , 000 14 . 0 restive, to throw the whole affair into til eo ,. o ef the Chancery ; and the House were too well n o ire 113 ; peculiar character of that court to have any ps_ 47 8 13; persons should be wantonly placed All that was asked for persons situated in ;riot. g e r stated, was, to give them the advantage of n t i the P cl , ll o i plicable to benefit societies, and to give the isit le- eie The CO,e ge es of suing, and of being liable to sued. bpd last year decided in favour of this Pr in f ej e l teh b ° es d came to the special object of the m otion 0 f ou rth b it' given notice, and that brought him to t he be , of F" - 00 of his proposition, which related to the e ,„_ if P ell e§ nership. By the existing advanced a shilling to carrylaiewgotopuatru3seur°llFee't'lieerheie to deprivedl. W liable, in the words of Lord Eldon - be e f ibis -- w il ts. last strains! and last acre. The e ' ffe e '" ut PP e " a to r ocal enterprise, and foster dista rOOO O O time, However a person might desire r eae r ered i f e r be good work in his neighbourhood, he was u ,,,,011 0 15 0 - lending his aid to it, lest his whole proP er :', of pm— ..., I'9 sacrificed by his efforts to promote the e s tel eti ,l7 o ,'" o - e v e e s i thropy.—(Elear, hear.) The Governmen t " ' the power to grant charters in respect to tries paten and thus save the parties engaged in theta "e" liability. But there was great difficulty alluithaul°-% re'erence to these charters. In the case i o htirt ° ,, r. lodging houses, it beaniee necessary to ha ve obta' h i e save personal liability; but it cost 1,000 1 t o fort Surely this was too large an amount t° ri s e ' S t i p privilege of securing. one atsai n9r wa de vet o sibility of his benevolence be ing , f last , A 1 1) 0 instrument of his ruin. The Commit t ee shoul d sbotw recommerded that increased fee ilitie 9 s cbarte re. aff ,rded as regarded the obtaining of tho great e u esti ee t be limited liability. (Hear, bear.) the lO f o r want.HeTnhoeweeme to this t e gre • ,ber _ of law of partnership prevented persons joinif o r u e i g d e e'e 5 1 1: any useful purpose, lest by doing so tbeY s s she o adet t p jest individually to all the consequences °_r ahe bite t he ing. The Honourable Gentleman cited to sbO. se ' r t of Poulett Thomson and Mr. Stewart Miln e ' be etibreel propriety of altering the law as regarded t i . 00 sco t limited liability. No cautious man lo ulc !„? PL e rss 6 undertaking so long as the law existed . 1 , n o or - de form, while it was shown that the law dla so gS os o to prevent speculations of the most ext wee oo d scription. Ho only asked for a C ° 11 0 11 0 " ir s quire into this subject. In Italy, Fraec e c i fo od , a ieo America, the principle was acted oign a s o u t a ste er beneficial. He be gg ed leave to Mo e w of Pa' yeti Committee be appointed to consider th e la with a a j etr ship, and a proposed limitation of liabilitY , ddit top to encourage useful en t er prise, and tue es, - a ployment of labour. aci d Mr. EWART seconded the motion. „ e then , 0 0 Mr. LABOUCHERE having referrea s o 1 0 A terms of the motion, said that the hurl ° fa r 00 refer re o sie t oO controverted subject to which it amongst ether things, a matter of s erious C 000 e before the Committee obtained by the (i n n i ott t h h : P ai l last year; and the object of his Hon. xri e- bich tr ei sent occasion was, that the Committee vi sottg eo a; now moving for should have this question b f a ereo.,' o eo: cially before them. His Hon. Friend ba!! e - oter_tt it o, thorities in support of the views which a e lo ferret: o ppe but if the authorities on the question we re es° 6 "eig would be found that they had - expressed dr „. o da''' - 40 site opinion as regarded the policy of long . 'ill limited liability into partnership trans antl is forl'ore true that this limited liability wa s ss etiOn s etri. other countries, where commercial to t/i t - bit; ti,"drs,. ll ; not as extensive as they were „ with " 0 0e_ A s" andthe principle had been acted Ill' ° " 0 care s eri rage. But in a country like ours g".'oo, P $ to be taken lest the principle ill q ue # l l: ,u_Pon . , should lead to convulsions hi °° 1:1 0111 I', d id, would prove most injurious to bie b 0 0 00 classes, to benefit whom was the object Bed en elLtter Friend had in view. But while he exPr es ; ii tbi 9 $ l3 l that any sweeping alteration of the la did ' voteositelb should be undertaken with great care, he a nded ' I t or a s re 00 0 4 ); same time mean to say that the law oh a ewes I liability may not be altered and modifieutbe yep 13s end he therefore bad no objection t u °, tn fyie% 8 00, 1 : of the Committee asked for by hie „, -- ,h.w he d - sioa er i in doing so he wished that Han. Genti e-- 0 disP - te ace e ing upon the inquiry, would do so ° to itoP ° : f l° manner, and with a full knowledge 0 . f , 4 , 4 0 0° 4 the question which they bad to ecesi - te ", g ; e O P l 7 l OOi l 9 believed that under the existing °IA fair opP, ° 130 0°11 " used in legitimate speculation with a m ploY rc e% Frletr ij i an adequate return for the money e This nee -. ettb fessed he doubted the soundness ea. for e o viog views when he suggested f ac ilities t h e ir 000 11 the working to the b est Jo ih in speculations. He thought Lill i s fo od oe for those savings w a s to be fo es. pod ia savings banks or in the Government (10, K tt fectly coincided with the Hon. Genti erl37 iota ' - g eltio'" ° that a very great advantage would er l e gd is) lila a s eeri a motion relative to the working ela ssel3 ! a red Lbli 0 113°1 0 to the co-operative societies, he conale e s e to 0 11 0 thew, should encouragement should be given to eleA every obstacle, and that the Legi s lator ,h e ir i ti oc eedV them every privilege for the exercise " 010 00 • De ° P and their good sense, so far as their exe • t soe; for the advancement of their own w e ' s gaits i bi g oose ffst thought it necessary to guard tbe ts tua . 0 b posing that he agreed in all the stateene,n, eer tei o ,to Hon. Friend on the subject; but he s hewl, l „ o _' es ittee . a ecta , no opposition to the appointment of the l ie a loe, pra,, was proposed. His Hon. Friend W 01 14 1 ., Y 013 0 ; f or P e he 0+ woru g I him to suggest, that, instead of tee „ inee e e a st posed limitation of liability." be st.ouite " and the expediency of facilitating the liability." Mr. SLANEY having agreed to this S_ U s g g :o 6t e i :i lits°°sll The motion, as thus amended, w" adopted. Mr. LOCKEEI ore tc) LiEuCNTGIVB FRANCHISE. for l e go then rose to move .,,,,, bring in a I Ind and Wales the same as that i❑ borought4 hi ~f the Bill to make the franchise in couetiee 19 •~ipg the right of voting to all occupiers. of tenerauet9 " the annual value of 101. He said that, in again e 641° .; t of agreeing of to his leavethe e of the House to introduce a Bill on th e litl i i , j d t lia good fortune he was h ap py to think that be - 0 gbi the g only to have overcome the chief, he Gscere' said that " 6 moat . ? < ; 1. . difficulty, which lay in the way of the this kind ought to be brought:4 jeof in the session; t hat to lay Bills on the table, an d SI them there, with motion last session• It 1 e stV o no intention of taking l'he../131,104 going on with them, was trifling with the w al e O lt OM At all evens the biome of the 0000171"-