The Sun. — London, England, 1851-06-05 00:00:00

,4 >O /•-' - 7 , ~-- 7 , , • - - . , •° 4 1 - r t • 4 7t a . , " , t • r • i • ,'' ' . _ . . _. . .. • . ---- . . ......16. ••.- .., • - : , V , '„ " : . 5 : 4 ,,,,,....,4- 4 '1: 17-4 :74.f. ' ' ' ' :::: ' r:: ' ' "1P ci/4t.1- . : 6';----4-1--1: 7. - • • - . en , 0 ,.. ~ .......,,,,,OL.---.i ..i. • 0 4 ) , , r a_ _. . . r ~... .-__, _____ - .. ,lllllll;._________-__ „,...,4 , '_ _.._ /..,-,, ~,,,,,,,,,,,,• ,I _ _ . . i,/ ,41 ..,,,,,, „:-` I nation, abe . 4ct - . ~- ~ t„ , ..- '. - - -(1 ' 4 Olll „,„ ~ ,,,r , , , 1 . . 37yi . 1 . _..., 4_ ._ A:- ---.; . - ~ , ,vS` . ;,'P ti AI .• , 4 '\::.--i-,,,,,,,- -- -,....,, r- ~,, • ,t, s o. ,' , 4 1 , 77 , 5 i., - ,--',- -,—, ,\. \ --, . i 0 -.4.3,.. I itS4 , ... • - %.,- ;,711,, . r/ ' •=, = _,,,,.. 1 14 :: : :1 1 ;#0k4.2:7 7 , , A, : . . ';' - 7.--- `O B - • . / , . 7 . , ~,./z, ,/,:4_,... ~, , ~, , , , . iDoii o h : : n : lib: h nftievos tw) , ,:, irp u_ e - ,- -P • r. • - , • - Y - -$.• . 47.::!,;)t:'.4;_ -'! A • " ‘K.:, -, , A, s• , - ,1I , I- v 0: '' *'N .1 . , ,. .: : , ,4., t '' S ' (-' ~ ~.' ' '' ' ' .4 ''' '—'" - I '' " ;4 - •: -d i ‘‘ ~,,..,,,, ___., . ______,,, tr,t , , ~e , ~,,,, , , t 7, • 1,,,... 4• ~+ •• i ~•, e „.„. _.....,'" . ...; e,,,, .. ... -,...,,,r- , ,,,,...-4,,, . 0 1.--Zd2oll,Tit:',. 0 ,4 , . 1 !' / .1 ',',.' 4 . 4.- -- !k b .,... ,-......, -- S ; "'":44, - ...., ' . ) \ 1 0 1 .2 5 7 I 'l"'' :' : ,:.VAf....,0., --,* ',. . . dr, , ,- .Y.,f... *(7 • • -, - . 6 7' ),4#7 r , , -I'''- -- 474.1 ,;/4 4' t l ' illji ti, . .!Diy;lT ' rl• . A ... ..,--,: . - E . 1 , ,,,,, 'r • . -0. 0 , f 1.... „ .. .,,..L . y , 21 01 T , ~, •\ • . . . ".. ..i; " . • , %W :-,-- ,/,„ t0 , ..N „„ ~, ~ - ~ ..., „.. ,:, 4 - .. • , . • , / ''''''. I 'l / ,--' '',. ---"'":".---- make tht i is Gd ; peas. 213 Od Kill of six imperial are the quotation; PegL — 3 04 Od Beans. Od —s Od —2 31. Od to are the Oats. 2.5 s Od Bean m. 34s 04 23i 4d 3 - 2 - 5 9ct 22s Od 82; Jcl qrs., 246 sold i 3 (vs., 13 sold 161 qrs., 147 sold 21 qrs., 21 sold se, 33s to 42s Od k, 20s Od to Os per ar lb. Irish pow. •ed, wholesale, Sid hen ditto, 41i 6d per pair ; Ducky sin in this day's 299 9d per boil; cd; beans, 175 6d .to Os Od ; ditto, std; oats, 16,1 to carter. Oatmeal, barley, 001 Oti ; I ; peas, 00e Od N to 24+ ; ditto, A 3d; barley, P 9 t 19A Ud to 2us Od. 3,6 d to 15s 6d; w, ON Od; malt, )d to 37d ; bean' 19A Od; pease 000 id; ditto common KM Od to 11) , Od; 71bs, 9d to 1 0 d; ozen, 6d to 7 d ; d, 70s to 72s 6d. C u rrency. Xis Od—W stole o d-20 do )08 Od—l6 do )99 Od Od —l4 do od per opt es:- 0 bore; 4.,a; last week :•., Pigs, --• LZNCY. 65 0 630 63 4 45. 39 0 gig y........... y••••••••• ••• May 21: :ows, 6b. , extra 13 1 v"1 , i; thirds, 7 0 te" Ito 8e 3d; *belt.' id to 810.0 d par Ps to oth; averag e 3tsaw--Fase l l Od to 3dl , saf bed to 6d ► butter, 9d a/ uired. CO3; &vial . " 40. per ,e," gallon. m elt ; veal 4d lb° ages bd Par tid to 3f W e l .1 to 01; Franc . ' 15s per stout 119 s to 001; fe e Os to 11/ pit 31101; yellow 100. Hider wt ; calf 0 1016 Od ; Minim* boe, W 91°' 141 14 , 14: 13: 1 ......... 1 » 13s 135 135 )1 135 128 148 198 14s .••• ••• 133 Ss od od 3d E RS. Peacock in g read the 3,eti ted their give a most u the variouo vrard of Far he purpose age portable [Jesting that tmu►ai from cc than any lode. The ition by so later of the emed to be he stranger taring been e course of hi) popped It?" upon the bulky ma lt:cloned by argued by able, that ni , r court, icited and ticle utire, and arried out fictive, and e curiosity t objection r.-at argu- Inch were trts of the promoted tested in ronounced h the pro. to a ye. iing Wil members :ommittee urned. with Earl TIERS Or ;-SQUARE. ill art are nong the are Paul n n Rosa Signol, Wappers, led to he d by gas, who are of enjoy ny of the 4 ill fully tie art.— ig CUP ilex dis of true istrated. ow leaf " med hie 'ore, on buxom !re reci 'a h -art ie affec ped tLe ye like procla- awl, fur but the ovation to faint is now Ind the ?fife of s, Esq. . Pole mant- ;tock fames Plaintiff's Agents. Par ordre, Bureau de Directeur General, Euston Station, 23 Mal, 1851 Bureau der General Direction. Euston Station, 23ten Mai, 1451. wkes W. Esq., d 76, igb reet, near ••••••I 4 of 112, y of PURSUANT to a DECREE of the HIGII COURT of CHANCERY, made in a cause CRAIGIIILL agninst CRAIGHILL, the Creditors of WILLIAM CItAIGHILL, late of Orthwaite, in the parish of Uldale, in the county of Cum berland, yeoman (who died in the month of December, 1846), ore forthwith to come in and prove their Debts before RICUARD Toan KINDEASLEY, Esq., one of the Masters of the said Court, at his Chambers, in Southampton-buildings, Chancery-lease, London ; or in default thereof, they will be excluded the benefit of the said Decree. Od June 2, 1851. ALLEN and NICOL, SS, Qaeen-street, Cheapside, LONDON AND NORTH - WESTERN R kILWAY. RETURN TICKETS. With a view of enabling parties visiting London during the Great Exhibition to spend their * 4 undays in the country, notice is hereby given, that on every SzTUR DAY, until further notice, TICK.ET.i, not transferable, will 5e issued from the Euston-square Station only, by any train, and to any station at which the trains stop, on the London and North-Western Railway, returnable on the following Monday, at ONE FARE for the DOUBLE JOURNEY, according to the class of train by which the tickets may have been issued. TV order, MARK HUISII. General Manager's Office, Euston Station, May 23, 1851. CHEMIN DE FER LONDON and NORTH WESTERN . (Loadres and Nord Qoest.) BILLETS D'ALLEE et RETOUR. A fin de Bonner auc voyageurs visitant Londres pendant l'Exposl lion les facilites necessaires pour passer le Dimanche a la campagne, l'adminlstration de la Compagnie fait savoir par le present que jusqu'l nouvel ordre, 11 sera ands tons lee Su:ie.:ls a la Station d'Eus ton-square seulement, pour tons les trains et pour toes les points de la route oa les trains s'arritent des billets avec lesquels on aura la facilite de revenir jusqu'au lundi suivant. Le prig de ces billets sera le .meme que pour un seul trajet et cette regle sera generate pour toes lee trains. MARK II ENS 11. LONDON und NORTH-WESTERN EISENTIAHN. Illg-UND-ZURTICK BILLETTE. Urn ten Iferre.n Fremden. welche etch Veihrend der grossen Auc- Itellun; in London aufhalten, die Gelegenheit zu geben, den Sonn tat. aura Land zubringen zu ktinnen ; wird es heimit an gezeicht dass, Ns stiff weitere Ankundigung, Gillette jeden Sonnabend nur bei der Euston-square Station zit erhalten sind, fur jede Abfahrt und auf jede Station auf der London und North-Western Eiseabahn, bet vielchen der Zug anhalt. Fur soiche Billette wird nur einfaches ,Faingeld fur die Tlin-und-zuruct-Fahrt verlangt, und die Zuruck :Out mag mit eine n zug derselben Klasge fur welche das uillet ge norinnen wurcie, am forgenden Montag stattfinden. Auf verordnung der Direction, MARK HUISII. ASCOT -RACES. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. , • 'wizens, TRAINS will ran between Pad lingtost and Windsor. P l . '" . VtlenihaeesArt-swederiste -"Ad-timed fares. as mg sitjarge., number bf •arriages of every destriptien, are provide& — pasiiiirtert between the Windsor Station and the Race Course. A. In addition to the Bookillg Offices at Paddington, tickets may be • -. A. prOeused on and after Saturday next, the Slat inst., at liessra. Tat *llan, Hyde-park Corner ;at the Company's °dices, 27, King ' West, Cheapside ; 449, West Strand ; Peaeock, Islington; and the Bear and Castle, Oxford-street. Full particulars of the Trains, 'kc., are given in separate hand bills, which may be had on application at the Railway Stations, and . at the abave-named places. • Paddington Station, May 26th, 1851. SCOT R ACES. • The Proprietors of the London Conveyance Company and the Paddington Conveyance Association beg to inform the public, that they have arranged for a plentiful supply of well-appointed Omni buses, to work from the Windsor Station of the Great Western Rail way on all the Four Race Days, which will be conveniently placed In the Station-yard at Windsor on the arrival of the several Trains. Each Omnibus will be conspicuously numbered, so that gentlemen may easily recognise in the afternoon the vehicles that conveyed then; in the morning. Fares from Windsor to the Course and Back. Tuesday, June 3.... ss. Thursday, June 5.• 7s. Wednesday, „ 4.... 4 s. I Friday, „ 6.. 4s. May 27,1851. G REAT WESTERN RAILWAY. CHEAP EXCURSIONS. Open Excursion Carriages will be attached on week days to the 10.30 A.m. and the 3.30 P.2d. down trains from Paddington to Wind sor. calling at intermediate stations ; and to the up trains leaving Windsor at 7.20 P.M. and 9.45 P.M., except on the 3d, 4th, sth, and Ith of June, on which days they will not run. On Sundays, the Open Excursion Carriages will be attached to the 9 11..21 ~ 9.45 A.m., and 3 P.M. trains from Paddington; and the 1.45 P.M., 6.35 P.M. and 9.45 P.M. up trains from Windsor to Paddington. • Fares to Windsor and Back, in Open Carriages, 2s. Paddington Station, 26th May, 1851. EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. CHE 1P TRIP TO CAMBRIDGE. On WEDNESDAY, June 11, a SPECIAL TRAIN will leave Bishopegate Station at 9 a.m., returning at 7 P.M., due in London at 9 P.M. Fare to Cambridge and Back, 30. A limited number of Second-class Carriages will be provided at the fate of ss. each passenger. EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. First and Second-class Return Tickets are issued at a SINGLE rARE from all Stations between London, Peterborough, and Brandon to Yarmouth or Lowestoft, each Friday, Saturday, and Sun day, and are available for the Return Jourhey until and including the Ibilowing Thursday. EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. WHITSUNTIDE HOLIDAYS. First and Second class RETURN TICKETS taken on the 6th, 7th, and Bth Juns, 1851, will be available f6r the RETURN JOURNEY on Any day up to and including the 14th. COLOSSAL GLOBE.—Mr. WYLD'S Model of the EARTH, in Leicester-square. is now OPEN to the public. Admission— Five Shillings. NELL GWYNNE'S EXHIBITION FOR 1851. Yours. ARCHER and HOLT take this opportunity of returning thanks to their frienes and patrons for the support they have re ceived since they first opened the portals of THE NELL GWYNNE TAVERN AND CHOP-HOUSE. which is situated in the most cen lral part of the metropolis, BULL INN-COURT, STRAND, three doors east of the Adelphi Theatre, and opposite Adam-street. NELL GWYNNE'S EXHIBITION consists of an excellent TABLE D lIOTE daily at Six o'clock (Sundays excepted). Fish and Joints, 2s. Irish Stew on Fridays, and Rump Steak Pulding on Saturdays. Chors, .ztakes, and Kidneys, altSoyer. Choice Wines And Spirits. Barclay's Stout, Salt's Ales, Scc. Private Dinner and Supper Rooms and Good , itcls. NELL GWYNNE'S PUNCH in high perfection. TEETH. -13, Old Burlington• street, Bond-street. For Loss of Teeth, consult Mr. MOGGRIDGE, who, daring the last year succeesle fin upwards of a thousand cures, in mazy of which other practitioners had entirely failed, and whose numerous beautiful specimens on view have been noticed with kigh approba tion by the Times, Morning Chronicle, Herald. and Post, as the nearest approach to perfection in the dental art, c imbibing, Parisian lightness with the utmost durability, defying detection by the closest observer, remaining perfectly firm in mastication, and not requiring the ex traction of stumps, or any painful operation in the adaptation. As a guarantee against risk, no fee expected until perfect articulation and mastication be restored; and in order th•t the most economical may enjoy the advantages of his superior system, with pure gold and pro per materials, the following moderate charges will be continued : An Upper Set, Ten Guineas ; a Lower Set, Ten Guineas ; a Full Set of Artificial Teeth, Ten Guineas ; a Single Tooth, One Guinea. Stopping, Cleaning, Sec. Attendance from Ten till Five o'cloCk. For the completion of a full set, one visit only required. Consultation free. 13, Old Burlington• street, Bond-street. VIOLENT SHOCK TO TRADE Unreasonable people are complaining grievously of the present state of business; they say they can sell nothing, and get no orders ; others are going on as if trade was at its best. and doing more than their share. Those who are doing nothing, find various causes for their paucity of trade. One says it was the repeal of the corn-laws ; another says it is the Great Exhibition ; a third it is the Popish aggression ; a fnirth it is the Kafir war ; a fifth that it is the state of France ; and so they ran the gauntlet through fifty alleged causes, while the right one is kept out of view altogether. Giles Go a-head built twelve houses, from which he was to derive his income, but being a whole year without letting one house, he considered himself :loser of six hundre 1 pounds. Lnwlon had overbuilt itself, too many people lived in one house. Everbody took lodgings to Rave taxes; the window duty and twenty other causes passed througliGiles's mind ; but a neighbour took the liberty of calling his attention to the real one—they were ten pounds per annum too much rent. Giles took the hint, thouuht four hundred and eighty pounds was a better income than nothing, lowered the rent, and let them all immediately. Besides that, he found his four hundred and eighty pounds went quite as far as he once made sift hundred go. And the real cause of a large class suffering for want of trade is, that they atrug tie against the. change of system, they will stick for large profits, and the day for large profits is gone by. Since E. MOSES and SON set the example of trading with large capital, and throwing all the advantages of that capital into the hands of the public by adopting small profits. it has opened the eyes of the public to their true interest. Those who attempt t trade up qi the old system gradually lose their enstomers ; but let any one step into the F.stablishment of E. MOSES and SON, will they See anything like a paucity of business there? No. On the con trary, hundreds of hands are actively employed, there is an immense-stock of the finest clothing in the world constantly going off, and as rapidly being replaced, and all arising from their being content with small profits and turning out first-rate articles forty per cent. less than used to he chargel under the old system. It is nei ther the Papal Aggression, nor the repeal of the Corn-laws, nor the Great Exhibition, nor the Kafir war, nor the state of France. that makes basiness with some people bad. It is the folly of at' empting to keep up the system of large profits. Trade has had a shock, but It was electric, and should have been, and would have been, benefi cial to all alike, hail all acted properly; but those only who, et *nee, like E. MOSES and SON, adopted the system of small profits on good articles, and larze returns, reaped the advantage of the change, and the public will stand by them who set the example. This Establishment will be closed on Friday next, June 6. A handsome Almanac, for the year 1851, can be had gratis, on application. The new edition of "Everybody's Book, containing a fall report of the late important trial, may be had gratis, on application, or by :litter, post free. E. MOSES and SON have no connexion with any other house or out of London, except the following : London City Establishment, 154, 155, 156. and 157, Minories, 83, 84, 85, and a 5, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. Lon d on West-end Branch, 5 0 6. 50 7, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2, and 3, Hart-street, all communicating, Bradford " Yorkshire" nranch, 19, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 36, Fergate. Tailors, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers. Furriers, Boot and Shoe makers, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Gentlemen. The Establishments are closed from sunset Friday to sunset Sa turday, when bueintee le resemed till Twelve o'clock. ice l'on parle Francalee. Qui si parla Italian°. Hier sprieht man T)eutsch. Aqui as hahla Espanol. IN SIX LANGUAGES - FORTIETH EDION. CONTAINING THE Y REMED FOR THE PREVENT IT lON or DISEASE. Ilustrated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured ERlcravlngs on Steel. ON PHYSICAL DISQUALrFICATIONS, GENERAT I VE .INCA PACTTY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MAR ea RI p A r G ic E . . 6,, A New and Improved Edition, enlarged to 19 6 Pag • 2s . • 3 ,6 d in postage stamps, by post, direct from the Establishment. - • the Authors have All Comm mica being strictly conldentlal, discontinued the Dubllshing of Cases. Pr HI. SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on .31. the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by izaessive indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of mercury, with explicit directions for the use o f the preveritivt lotion, followed Married State, and the disqaaliflca tiOns which prevent t it. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., 19, Perners-street, Oxford-street, Lon don. Published by the Authors ; and sold by Strange, noster-row • Hannay, 53. and Sanger, 150 , Oxford-street , • an don 146, Leadenhall - street, London. 21, d Pater- Gor- PLAT I. treats of the anatomy and physiology of the re-prodtlct Ivo organs, and is illustrated by 25 Coloured Engravint,s. Pang 11. treats of tke consequences resulting from excesSive in dulgence, anti their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative incapacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory Engravings. PLAT 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either hi the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. This section is illustrated by 62 Coloured Env av ntl• PAST IT. contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a maple application, by which the danger of infection is obviatetl. This important part of the Wort should not escape the reader's notice. p An T V. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, an 4 its du ties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered,:and the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. Tag CORDIAL Haar or SYmAcum is exclusively employed in treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., lls. and 88s. par bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilltic remedy, for purifying th e blood in cases of infection, secondary symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, I Is. and ,335. per bottle. Perry's Purifying Specific Pins, 2s. Sd., 4a. ed., and I Is. box, a certain remedy for gonorrhoea, gleet, strictnre, and c hronic ineammation of the bladder. Consultation fee, if tty letter, mute detail of the case is reenired: age, habits, and posi tion in vc ie,ty. Packets, with adv , .co, to be had at the Esta blishment cadv, by which the feo. 1 7 ., is saved. Messr. Perry, iltleridenee daily at 19. Berner's-street, Oxford-strict, Lon- Amu eoro Tama tin ITN ani ricra to Vim; en Bunlay, tot are It Clop. Od. N ° .18,315,] LONDON THURSDAY P. On Monday will he published, in one vol. crown Svo., price 168., .L4..8 D-E L-K A 1) E R A POE W. In Six Cantos. By Viscount MAIDSTONE. London : Chapman and Hall, 193, Piccadilly. THE EXPOSITOR of this week contains in the Walks amongst the Nrach'nery, British and Foreign, at the Great Exhibition, by an Engineer and Practical Machinist, a c•mt• plete Review, with numerous diagrams, of Serew and Paddle Pro p iision—nizraving of Messrs. Jackson aid (;raliam's elaborately-, carved Oak SI lehnard —The Carved Altar-piece, by Geert's, of Lou• vain, from a Daguerreotype by Claudet —American Carriage— Gothic Marble Font—German Original Articles on the Shilling Visitors of the Exhibition—The naming of the New Planet—Early Closing of Shops— file Week's Receipts of the Exhibition—The Jewellry Expositor—Letters from a German in London about the Exhibition to Friends at Home—Miscellanea—Patents and Regis tered Des' ns. LA'MERT ON THE AF,CRRT INF ITY IRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATUR. With Plain Directions for their Prevention and Cnre. FIFTY COLOURED ENGRA VINE" 0 7•7 • TEEL. rust ntithisheo, in French, English, German, Dutch, Spanish, and Italian, in a Sealdia Liofelope, is, 6d., or post-free, from the Anther. for forty-two stamps, bIZELF-PRESSEV ATION; a L Medical Treatise on the Thysiology of Marriage, and on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity, many acquired at an early period of life, which destroy fe h e e li p h hg a c h a d l ft e ld ha co u ;e with hh Practicaln ath r kservations on the certain Prevention and successful Treatment of 4' st nta th l e p v o rta e l r,s n , elignlielsnol9fh MaVnhconottife NTervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, Syphilb, Stricture. and all Diseases and Derangement* resulting frem tretlon, as adopted by Lallemand, Ricord, and other eminent mem bers of the faculty in France. With Fifty coloured Engravings, illustrating the 'inatomy, i'hysiology, and Diseases of the Re productive Organs, .t.•..plaining their stractures, uses, and functb - lis, and the various injuries that are produced in them by solitar: habits, excesses, and tr reettovt. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D, ' 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE , LONDON. Doctor of Medicine. Matriculated Member of the rfniVersity of lcdin burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, Member of the Hunterian Medical Society of Edinburgh, B*ct, &e. This work contains a plain and complete description of the ana tomy and physiology of the reproductive organs, and of their relative conditions in health and disease. The author, who has taken the highest medical honours, as evidenced by the diplomas and testimo nials inserted i n th e wor k, i s th e only legally qualified medical man twit, has exclusively, an d f o r many years, devoted his studies to treatment of these complaints. He may be consulted with ad vantaget te through by all tho se w h ose const it u ti ons ma y have become debili tated rough secret pr ac ti ces acqu i re d i x youth, or by the excesses o of f ro la a t tT t er ht y :e f ars r , whereby th e p l easures o f lif e are marred, the objects ustrated, and existence itself rendered a term of un ceasing misery and re gre t. Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater ' noster-row ; Hannay, 63 , Oxford-street ; Starie, Titchborne-s t reet, naymarket ; Gordon, 146 , Leadenhall street ; Mann, 23, Cornhill, may he consulted en these ( U ser or free by post for forty-two stamps, de from rs per s t o h h e a l e l n y t h r r ' s b r y e s l i e d t e t o n r c ~w h h y o ‘ from tan till t.m. IWO frarn till olzht. G c nEAT EXHIBITION,— [ A D VF.RTISEMENT].—T HE powerful waistcoa: ducern minute A valuable, newly-invented, very pcic kct glass, only the size of a walnut, 'n'all which is found to Sportsmen, Gentlemen, ob jects at a distance of from four to five toi ec a t nd Race-course can be clearly be invaluable at the Exhibition, and to miles, possessing a new and and Gamekeepers. To be had a t k Piccadilly, opposite the York-hotel. piece, Opera,(4 Albemarle street, andand the glasses with wonderful powers—a small ohj seen from ten to twelve miles distant. Telesco e most important invention in Telescopes. such extra ordinary powers, that some, 3i inches, with an fir: eye will show distinctly, Jupiter's Moons, Saturn's Double Stars. They supersede every other kind a d re of all sizes, for the waistcoat pocket, shooting, military, ' an purposes. Messrs. S. and . B. SOLoMONS. Opticians, have sea invented invaluable preserving Spectacle . Lenses Immediately they are placed before imperfect vision, every object appears clear and distinct , th e most aged defective sight becomes bright { - and brilliant. is bro u g ht to its youthful, natural and original state. The Invisible Organic Vibrator, and all kinds of acoustic instruments for relief .of extreme deafness. 39, Albeasarli. 1 Octet, riccadilly, ofpopte the York Hotel; `-7 any two or three of whore might have been Called before ' his LorelShip? The 'citify way in' 'which` his asseitkins could be met was by Aallin 4 these'. people; but it was quite against the rules' 6f evidence that Snell statements should be made by third parties.' in? LearnedB,ers . geant'then cross-examined the witness; who: in reply ., to his hverroeatories, denitid that he e've'r gave legal ade vice, • and stated that he was paid in proportion ta' the amount which he recovered. If nothing was recovered ; he got nothing, but if he' brOirgbt art actionfir lot.; and got a verdict fur 5/, he received his full amount. lie admitted that he had attended before Mr. Jairses, and had be,Al reprern aided' by him: -• By Mr. James; ho had been accused of extortion; but not by Mr. Ramshay; nor had Mr. Ramshay ever prohibited him from practising in the cent.. As regarded the clerk's bringing the ledger stad day-book, the attempt was to *bow by whom the orders were giien; and Mr. Rim shay's objection was to their admission as evidence of arty such thine. The name of the clerk whom the judge called a " stupid, mumbling old blockhead," wit -less did not know. The principals in thii;!,everal cases he cited were not present. Mr. Scene, the High Bailiff (pointed out to hits) mules* itne, and alter some hreiitatiotthe admitted that on one occasion he and Mr.' Statham had complained openly in court of his extortion. In answer, to Mr. WhrrmoaE, witness attempted at some length to expiate away this charge, whiCh he ad, witted had' been made, but which he asserted had origt• nated in a misunderstanding, rendered the more easy 'by the fact that one of the under clerks, who communicated the tact to rear. Stone, " was not attogether on the most friendly term ," with witness. The charge before. Mr. James he explained as the act of "an illiterate wornan, who kept her accounts in, chalk." • M'Connel, draper, of L ird Nelson-street,'Liver paol, was the next witness called-4bout this time last year he had brought an action in the County Court against a per.on Itained Wright, the mate of a Ship, 'for goods sold and delivexed. Amongst these goods wits a muslin dress. lie prqied the sale and delivery to Mrs. Wright, wife of, the defendant; but the judge said it :was very_ imprudent in witness to sell a muslin dress to a mate's wife. " A dress of 3s. 6d. was quite good enough for her to buckle up her sleeves and scrub the floors in." On this ground, her being a mate's wife, and fur no-other reason that he knew, the claim was reduced from 14s. to 4s. by Ur. Ramshay, who thought the more expensive article should not have been supplied to a person in her sphere. On other occasions witness had attended the court, and heard the judge use very uncourteous language to suitors, both plaintiffs and defendants. He had heard, him call them stupid fools," " moidering," and "mum bling fools," and ask " what were they grinning at?" At the same period as that of the first ease, to which he had referred, Richard Martin was suing his employer, who said he had turned him away for bein g drunk. Martin said he was not, and could not be drunk, having been in the open air many hours, and having had only one glass of brandy. The judge then took up the case, and said to the defendant that plaintiff could not be drunk, having only had one glass of brandy, for he (the judge) had had three himself. [This statement Mr. Rainshity appeared utterly, to deny—conversationally, however; as he was not being examined.] He nonsuited the plaintiff, and gave judgment for the defendant. Cross-examined by Mr. Sergeant Wiwersts—Witness said he knew nobody present who could corroborate his statement about the brandy. By Mr. WHA.TELEY-11r. Ramshay was , apparently labcurioss under great irritability;, whether of health or temper he il knew not. He had heard him threaten to commit a man if he did not give his evidence as he (the judge) thought fit. His manner was very violent.. He sometimes sat up, and then just in the middle of a Statement would fall back, shut his eyes and seem un conscious of all that was going on. Witness had seen him get up and ask what they were talking about. Mr. Henry Moss gave evidence to the same effect, and said that he had been told by Mr. Ramshay that his cases were got up in a shameful manner, and that he had sub sequently withdrawn everything from the court. On cross-examination he admitted that, though since Mr. Ramshay's illness Mr. James and Mr. Lowndee ha r d sat for some time, he had not gone before them with his causes; and his explanation of this. was, that it was al ways uncertain whether they or Mr. Rs,nashay would sit. To the Learned Sergeant's next question, .why,. with this uncertainty in his mind, he ban net hesitated to sign—as he had signed—the memorial e which stated that. during the sittings of those other gentlemen the 'busi- . ness bad increased, the witness gave no answer. Alexander M.`Cay examined by Mr. WIIATELKY, said he was a coal agent living at Paddingtoia, Edghill, Li-' verpOol. In December last he appeared for some par ties in some cases at the County Courte—one, against e perion of the name of Fairclough, for coals supplied by IC,bert and William Ford. This case had been brought forward twice, once in June, once in December. The first time it came before Mr. Rainihay, the darter was called, and proved the dehvery of the coal. He stated that a man was present who called _himself Mr. Fair clough. To that the judge said. •• Hew ,do you know that he was Mr. Fairclough?" The plaintiff was non. ,cited. Before it was so, witntgis - proposed himself to, give evidence, and stated to the judge that ha knew Fairclough q site well. That, he had received the first order from him personally, and that Mr.. Fair clough had come to the office witn the second or third. Then the carter proved delivery to a person calling him self by that name. But the judge said there was n; proof at all; the whole evidence wee no evidence at all. The witness cited another . , case of nonsuit on the ground of insufficient proof the identity ff the party to whom the goods were delivered. The carter had previously delivered a load at th e sa me O g ee, s o h.. knew the person very well. This was after an adjourn ment, and the judge—who nonsuiteahim—appeared to be labourine under the accumulation of bodily disorders, having such an effect upon his mind as to unfit him for presiding ; and further to be confused in his own mind as to what ho was about; it appeared too as though he wee; acting under the influence of wine. All these thingS together rendered him absolutely unfit to deal with any matters of the kind. When he came into court--ecarried by two or three men, as he generally was when witness noticed him—and supported by a hair cushion in. front, he sat almost unable to speak for some time, except in a whis per to Mr. Stone, who sat at his left.' • Mr. Sergeant WILKINS, at this point, rose to protest against a continuance of this sort pf evidence.. My Learned Friends are here to coneim ee your Lordship that Mr. Ramshay is unfit to discherge the duties of a judge. His present appearance:here surely sets at nought all that has been, or can beeaid, of his infirmity, and I apprehend that common humanity will make your Lordship refuse to take these topie s • into your conside ration. They are painful and useleSs; - and, after all, it they are to be admitted, they go to slow t h at M r. Ram shay, labouring under the indisposition under which he wasetaid to labour, was yet detertnined at all sacrifices to do his duty personally, so fatei ts in him lay. But capable though they be of this cOnetrUetion, these topics are of such a character that they treeieht not to be intro duced at all. The Earl of CARLISLE thoughilhere must be sonic inquiry on this point, as one of the", liteeations involved it; but ho agreed with Mr. Sergeant Wilkins that the witnesses should confine themselv44o answering posi tive nnestions, and not volunteer ..statements on the 0140. try Mr, . W HA TELEY—Me. Ramsliai seemed very fret ful and peevish, and rather violent then otherwise. Mr. Sergeant WILKINS—I labour under this immense disadvantage. I cannot cross-examine these witnesses, for I have not been furnished beforehand with the c harges which , o n behalf of Mr.. Ramshay,, have to meet. If ere had known what theyvece to be we might have had oppo sin g witnesses prese!lt e and I might have b e en ready with t o p ics and points inquiry. WHATELET —Th. , charges wriula have been fur nished if an app lication for them ha - been made. Cross-examined —The witness said' be had not had very man y cases in the c o urt. He had only twice been before Mr. Itareshay at all. He had 'had six oases non suited in all. Mr. John Grow% a (.pf,. Liverpool), was n ext examined, and saidsolicitor (e-e. he had heard Mr. Ramshay apply to persons appearing before him such epithets as ," " Your " Fool," "You mig ht be a fool conduct is more like that of a lunatic than anything else," and in one case, " You appear to be a fool for the purpose of covering your knavery:', Both words were hsed. He also reCol !acted a man of the name of Price, a collector of debts in Liverpool, coming into court with, sib or eight eases. Price's enunciation w as not very.d44nt. so the judge said to him; "Don't g o on mum,b,lg ,y4cl jumbling there ; what are you talking abOut? " telo you say?- You are a mumbling old fe llow ; what b e. 1.14 45 s have youhoe? " I suppose you. are a hedge law er? ~he colloquy pro ceeded thus:--" Wit ness—No, sir, 1. 1 , not, Judg e — Have you ever appea red here baf:etT, p Witness—Yes, sir, for several years; I have a Fig44. tl4 , judgel shall dispute your right; you are a great:htheance, and it is a wi practice I will put a stop to. t[ietnt-=-I look at the statutory law, and I find it stated tit.the plaintiff may appear, or some person for him. er Who are you to talk about that? You seem to be eatAng your tongue. W,itness—l am too honourable tO.,N,,33t.upid. Judge— Walk out of court; bailiff; turn hies. out." Two other cases the witness mentioned; in thejYst of which he alleged that the judge, in reference o l el e insufficiency of evidence, said, `'l sulfar; a rat; 41 tet believe the de fendant or her witness;" whilst lay e second witness stated him to have remarked , in rre‘e Felice to the recant of an Irishman who eppenrA, " 1 914 re an Irishmen; I don't understand Irish; I must 'swell; 1n tin interpreter." These were all the remarkable worire rlad, eves in those in stances. He recollected a man, a v e rei- respectable trades men, and his Honour said to him , tt \eng other matters, " You seem to have no more sensit, than a child of two years old."" Witness was 'sorry M e i— , ee that in temper the judge had seemed " inclomieebleL eepricious, and self willed.' Witness had'never h --a..-dirty sparring" with him, exeept - twice, and then it se t peseff with the occa sion. Witness considered him 1 4 1 . P. a. cellent nisi prius lawyer, with in admirable memory H e had never known him lose a point in summ,p g p He had met every one, and sifted exceedingly complicated cases in a most extraordinary manner. Alfred Jacob, accountant and estat . ; , agent, examined by hir..Whateley, gave evidence or e th* same character as that which had prise:vane' it... - • •-; • Cross-examined by Mr. sergetmt ;Vi r gnu s —Jle stated Joseph Clayton, jun., 265, Strand and Piccadilly. ' NEW WORE ON STRICTURE AND SPERMATORRIREA... Just published. lON., in, cloth, price 3s. 6d., by post (free), 48., A TREATISE on the CURE of , STRECTURE 731. of the URETHRA ; containing the Trite Reasons why that Disease so often assumes such an intractable character; with Rules and Instructions for the successful Treatment of every Form of Urethral Contraction, based on the results of extensive and pro longed experience. To which is added, Practical Observations on the Treatment of Spermatorrhma by Cauterization. By F. R. COURTENAY, M.R.C.S L. "These who complain most loudly are those only who know not how to use the eommon Instruments. . . . The prac tice of surgeons has been marked with all kinds of violence, and in difference about the simple cure of diseases, and a passion for operations, and all the excesses and horror of surgery."—John Bell. H. BaWiere, 219, Regent-street, London. RAL LIFE CATHOLIC LAW AND GEN LJ ASSURANCE COMPANY, 8, NEW COVENTRY-STREET, LEICESTER-SQUARE, LONDON. The FOURTU ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the Proprie tors of this Company took place on the 25th instant, at the Head Office, at One o'clock precisely. The following is extracted from the report, which is too lengthy for publication : During the past year no claims have arisen from deaths in England, and but two in Ireland--one for 5001. and the other for 2801.—making together 7001., which have been paid. This Is far below the expected partatitfrand is.espectially favourabia, whin-it is remembered how 418*i:rely the life °faces genitally sufgared, from] thiVepidemie of last year. The number of lives assured between the lst of June, 1149, and the 31st of %lay, 1850, was more than double the ;lumber issued in the twelve months preceding. • Proposals were made for 138 Policies, amounting to 52,9631.25. 611.: of these 123, comprising 186 lives, were accepted for 45,1251.• 6s. Sixte'en Policies lapsed, representing 6,0481., upon which 3201. 3s. was received by the Company in the shape of premiums. Since the commencement of the Company to the Ist of June last, assurances were effected to the extent of .110,9721. 125 6d., pro ducing in annual premiums 3,7321. I Is. 6d. Of these 54 lapsed, amounting to 23,9901. 16s. 6d., of which the annual premiums were 7411. Is., leaving the yearly income on the Ist of June last equal to 2,9911. 15s. 11d. Since last meeting loans were applied for to the extent of 17,7001., but 1,1831. I Is. 10d. only was advanced. The Directors were also highly gratified to report that within the last four months they had considerably extended their business on the Continent, having appointed, as Head Agent in France, Monsieur de l'Etang, a gentleman of high standing in Paris, distinguished for his integrity and ability in financial and in all assurance matters, who, under the sanction and patronage of the Archbishop of Paris, the Cardinal Archbishop of Lyons, and Monseigneur Parisis, Eveque de Langres, has already within the last three months effected a con siderable amount of business, not only in Life Assurances, but in An nuities both Immediate and Deferred. After various resolutions, approving of the Report, and returning thanks to the Right Reverend Chairman, Bishop Morris, the Vice- Chairman, Actuary, Secretary, and Medical Officers of the establish ment, the meeting separated, highly gratified at its present results and future prospects. Foucault's Recent Experiments, Demonstrating the Rotation of the Earth, Is shown Mornings and Evenings at the p OYAI, POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. to Important Deposits by the Gas-fitters' Association, illustrat inv the economical application of Gas for Cooking and various other purposes.—Lecture by Frederick Chatterton, Esq , on the History of the Harp, from the time of the Egyptians , with Vocal Selections by Miss Blanche Younge, R.A. of Music, and illustrated by Drawings of the Harps of various Nations.—Lectures by J. H. Pepper, Esq., on Chemistry, with brilliant experiments ; and on Natural Philosophy by Dr. Bachhoffner.—Two splendid Series of Dissolving Views : —One Illustrating the Holy Land, painted by Charles Smith, Esq., &c., &c. Open every morning and evening. —Admission, ls. ; Schools, Half-price. LAURENT'S GRAND CASINO, Licensed by Act of Parliament. ARGYLL ROOMS, GREAT WINDMILL STREET, ST. JAMES'S. Sole Lessee, Charles Emile Laurent, Jun., 57, Brompton-square.) OPEN EVERY EVENING, With LAURENT'S UNRIVALLED RAND. • Principal Cornet-a-Pistons, M. Boulcourt. Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock —Dancing to commence at gine and terminate at Ralf-past Eleven o'clock precisely. Admiseion. One Shilling. lICEATTY'S GRAND NATIONAL ITIPPODROMF, Kensington, open every Evening, to com mence at Six o'clock. Daily crowded with rank and fashion to wit ness the most startling novelties ever presented in England. Doors open at Five. Performance to comnaenee precisely at Six On Saturday, June 7, a grand Day Performance, to commence at Two o'clock. Admission to the Reserved Seats First-class do. Second do. Third do. - 3s. Od. - - - is. Od. - - - le. Od. - - - Os. 6d. CREMORNE GARDENS This Mammoth Establishment is NOW OPEN for the Season, un 'er the direction of Mr. T. B. SIMPSON, with a new Grand Gala. entitled THE FEAST OP ROSES. of a novel and startling description, illustrative of T. Mo re's beautiful poem, " La lah Itooth"—lmmense concentration of talent and attraction — new Fairy Pallet, entitled THE • STAR OF BEAUTY; or, The Imp of Fire, composed and produced by Herr Deulin, with entire new scenery, by Messrs. Gray and Devignes —New' Tableaux Vivants, representing the Six Prize Meals of the Exhibition —New Chinese Pagoda—Orchestra and navel Platform, 100,000 feet, brilliantly il luminated, and decorated with luminous flowers—Dancing al Fresco to Borinrs celebrated Band—W. G. Pell (the original Bones), De Brenner, and Lelger —The Three Brothers Elliott in their surpris ing exercis-s —Madame Tallien, the Female Wizard— War Exercises and Domestic Crts , orns of the Bosjesmans, illustrated b a Fanrily of that Tribe, on a new stage, with appropriate scenery—Professor Tay lor and the Double-sighted Youth—Splendid Pyrotechnic display on the Polyctirome Palace, by Chevalier Mortram—A new awl intricate Maze—The G'psey in her Tent—Shootin7 Gallery and Archery Grounds, and numer qls other Entertainments. Mons. Franconi, Director of the Cirque National de France, and and his unrivalled Troupe of Equestrian Artists are engaged, and will arrive shortly. THIS DAY', June 6, a Grand Gala of Venetian Lanterns will be repeated. Admission, One Shilling—Children Half-price. Doors open at Three. On Sundays, no charge for Admission, except lay Refreshment Curd; price Sixpence. The Proprietors have made arrangements with the Iron and Ci tizen Steam-boat Companies to convey their patrons to London after the entertainments, . . DR. CUL VERWELL'S NEW WORKS. To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-rew ; Cnrvalho; i 47, Fleet-street; Mann, 39, Cornhill; or direct from the author, arias One Shilling each ; by post, Is. 6d. ENJOYMENT OF LIFE. "Health, Recreation, and rational Use of Time." ConTzwrs:—Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—Ex melons about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills, Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places—Country Grips and Rambles—The Sea—London at Night —Evening. at Home —Music—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Bleeping, Bathing. Air, •:cst, Ease, Occupation, &c., &o. FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOUNTAINS. Two WIN. Veil. L VISIT TO THE LAKES; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, 60. Vol. U. TAE LAKES 0! KILLARNEY; REMINISCENCES OP DUBLIN, &c. M. WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID. "That three score years and ten our course may ran." A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner rously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses the young, besets the man of pleasure, business, er study, •and em- Atters old age, with tables and rules fbr the diet and physical rega stion of every-day life. IV. THE PASSIONS. ' What passions hurt the body—what improve, Truths as refined as Athens ever heard." Sua.rEcr : -Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent Jfthe passions. Chastity and its infringements. The casualties o. icentionsnass and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative, remediative. Advocacy of early marriages.; V. THE MARRIAGE STATE. " To be or not to be, that is the question." tools/mai—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and re i4den regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and .hoice, on both sides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them. ?hysical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion. asses, Ar.c. Ily R. J. CIILVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A. " E ), T v ., 3 nty..n.ve Tout Medical and Forensic Referee in these Rees , t on , A , lv %".v.ri.r0 t k,,,,,,0 nine, 10 ntrn-nlaro, Ftryznt,t-RtrPoi DUCHY COURT OF LANCASTER. (Before the Right Hon' the Earl of CARLISLE, Chancel lor, att-nded by Mr. Maas, Q.C., AtOrhey-General of the Duchy.) This Court sat yesterday for the hearing of statements in support of a memorial presented to the Chancellor of the Duchy, praying for the removal of Mr. Ramshay, Judge of the County Court at Liverpool, from the office which he now holds. ' • - The following, is a copy of the memorial, upon which the hearing was granted : " To the Right Hon. the Earl of Carli9le, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. "The bumble Metn,rial of the M mebers of the Liverpoll Guardian Society for the Protection of Trade, and of the Inhabitants of Liverpool generally, " Showeth.—That your memorialists are greatly in terested in the due administration of the laws aff , cting debtor and errditor, particularly those passed for the more sp.eity- recovery of debts under the system of county courts, recently introduced in this country. " That your memorialists had hoped to partake of the general advantage thus conferred upon the country; they considered it was a boon to them, which offered increased facilities for the recovery of debts by less ex-- pensive remedies than had theretofore been provided; but in this your memorialists have been grievously dis appointed, by - reason of the appointment of a judge of Whose conduct they are constrained to make serious ro pre!,entations to your Lordship. " Your memorialists would beg most respectfully to submit that no system, however excellent or perfect in itself, can work beneficially or advantageously to the public, unless Presided over by an individual properly qualified for the office. " That a judge of a county court should not only pos sess sound legal knowledge, but also a cool, calm, and courteous demeanour and temper; and be willing to bear with,:and assist the poor, but unskilful and inexperienced plaintiff or defendant in the management and conduct of hisilaiin or defence. That in this respect. the judges pf the superior, cnurts have less to contend with, inas much as they are uniformly approached by a bar of learned 'and competent advocates, whereas the judge of the county court has the ease" presented to him by the parties themselver, who are often ignorant of the rules of evidence and the mode of conducting a cause. " That Mr. Ramsbay, the Judge of the Liverpool County Court, lacks the latter qualifications above al luded to to a lamentable degree. That he appears to be labouring under some . paintul and wearying bodily ma lady, which renders him physically unfit to discharge the laborious duties of a judge. That he is almost carried to and from the 'bench, being totally unable to support himself erect. That he is not able to put the questions to the parties and their witnesses, which office is conse quently performed by the High Bailiff or some assistant. 'filet he cannot take any notes or memoranda of the evi dence adduced, so as to assist his memory, and ade quately discharge his responsible duties. That his men tal powers cannot fail to partake, to some extent, of the infirmities of his body. That his temper and disposition seem so soured by these or other infirmities as to render . torn rude, uncourteous, and positively insulting to the suitors who appear before him, and very many persons will not hezird taking proceedings in his court We fear . of personal insult. _ _ "That respectable tradesmen, and others, are fre quently subjected to gross and unmerited abuse by him; that they are called fools, idiots, described as brainless and senseless, and are, otherwise, the objects of offen sive and disagreeable observations, when they happen not to be stating their case, or giving their evidence, in accordance with the taste or whim of the judge. That scenes of this painful nature were almost daily to be ob served in the court whilst he presided in it. That in con sequence of such conduct the business was greatly dimi eished. That whilst a deputy afterwards presided, in stead of the judge, the business immediately increased to a very great extent, the deputy having given univer sal satisfaction. That your memorialists cannot calculate with any certainty on an efficient deputy being con tinued, and are kept in constant apprehension of a return to the unsatisfactory state of things they have before de scribed ; and, as the remedy is in your Lordship's hands, they appeal with confidence to your wisdom and justice to relieve than from this state of doubt and un certainty. "Your memorialists, therefore, humbly pray that your Lordship will be 'pleased to remove Mr. Ramshay froni the office of judge, and appoint a gentleman in his stead possessing the necessary qtialificasions to discharge the responsible duties devolving on a judge in this important community." Mr. Whateley and Mr. Whitmore appeared for the Liverpool Guardian Society, and Mr. Sergeant Wilkins for Mr. Ramshay. Mr. WHITELEY begged in the outset to be permitted to assure his Lordship that he appeared in this case with the greatest pain it had ever been his lot to feel in 'he discharge of any professional duty. He had had for several years e; professional acquaintance with the gen tle mars whose conduct was now impugned, and from that experience should haie said that his acquirements would have qualified him well to fulfil the task imposed upon him as judge of the County Court of Liverpool. Having said thus much it heeamo' necessary that he should offer evidence in support of the memorial just read, a docu ment which had been signed by 3,525 persons of uu doubted respectability and character, and which proved, what it was impossible to deny, that a great and a veil widely extended feeling prevailed against the conduct of the judge therein mentioned, since the date of his ap pointment in May, 1850. He (Mr. Whateley) was in formed that then, or soon afterwards, Mr. Ramshay was afflicted with a severe bodily illness, to which a good deal might be attributed; but whether it was to be at tributed to natural infirmity of temper, or whether the temper had been acted upon by the disorders of the body, it would, he feared, be too clear that that gentleman bad not conducted himself in the way . to obtain, or even to preserve, the respect of the suitors in his court. Witnesses, however, should be called, and from them his Lordship would best learn the ex pressions and behaviour of which the people of Liver pool complained—complained so much that tradesmen having a variety of causes which they wished to bring forward often declined to do so in consequence of their uncertainty of the judge. There were other cases, not so numerous but more important, in which Mr. Ram , shay, where; as be thought, parties had not brought for ward sufficient evidence, had ordered verdicts to be given for the defendant, instead of merely nonsuiting the plaintiff. So that the latter, instead of being able to bring his case forward in a more efficient state, has, in consequence of the temper of the moment, been barred for ever of his claim. Of the witnesses to be called some would be parties who had failed in their suits; some, parties who had succeeded; others, reporters who were present. Of the first section it would be said they had motives; but this would not, at least, apply to the re porters, and to those who had succeeded, and whom he was about to examine. The matter was one which in dividuals could not settle; it was in the aggregate these things were important; and the question came simply to this, whether the general demeanour of the judge had not been stlch as to render the court actual y less effi cient than it ought to be, and under other circumstances would have been. John Holbert Joyce, the first witness called, said he was a general commission agent and collectorof accounts in Liverpool, and had been in the habit of attending the county court since the appointment of Mr. Ramshay. He had remarked that gentleman, and observed that his deportment was very uncourteous. Mr. Sergeant WILKINS—Give instances; you are not asked for general observations. Witness—Had heard him call plaintiffs or their wit nesses "fools," " idiots," " stupid blockheads," and say, " you must be drunk, what are you mumbling about?" That had been frequent. Not on every occasion. He had called him (witness) an "impertinent, stupid fol low." That was in a ease of Quigley v. Scott, of which witness gave the particulars. 'rho plaintiff first went into the box to prove the sale and delivery of the goods, end to him the judge said, "You don't understand your own book-keeping. You can't satisfy me." Witness then gave his evidence, and though behaving by no means disrespectfully, but just as on the present occasion, was termed "an impertinent, stupid fellow." The plaintiff was nonsuited. In another action the same plaintiff was nonsuited again, and after that Quigley would allow witness to take no more cases into court, preferring to lose his accounts rather than to issue a sum• coons. He told witness to call upon parties and try to get the money, but not again to summon them to the County Court. Witness recollected the case of Dodson v. Ec cleston. He attended nefore the county-court judge with the plaintiff's brother. It was proved by plain tiff's brother that the goods had been delivered to the servant of the defendant. Witness himself proved hay ing called at the residence of the defendant some two months before, and his having seen the lady of the house, who promised payment at a given date. The judge on this session gave the verdict for defendant. He at first was about to nonsuit the plaintiff, but then immedi ately recalled his words, and ordered the clerk to enter a verdict for the defendant. The judge said something plaintiff's brother, but witne s s f orgo t th e wor d s . If h n the e other case cited by witness, Moss v. Hughes, he had attended at the County Court on behalf of the plain tiff and accompanied by plaintiff's clerk, who brought the day-book and the ledger, first to prove the receiving of the orders; and secondly, to show that they were taken from defendant, defendant's wife, or defendant's servant. Witness proved en admission by defendant of his liability, and his hiving made vari , :us arrange mentstwo instalments, 41. 9s. ld. being the wh to pay hY t) amount. Hs having given that evidence, and plaintiff's brother haviog given his, the judge nonsuited them. and called the plaintiff's clerk, an aged man, a member ~f the Society .1 Friends, " a stupid, mumbling, old blockhead." The delendant did not aopear, nor any person from him; but he called afterwards at plain titre shop and paid the amount. Witness had since had many cases from Moss, who bad instructed him to exert himself as much as ho could to recover the accounts without proceedings, but if they wore large, and not otherwise to he obtained, to issue a writ in the Borough Court. Moss said that witness should not go into the County Court, for he could not depend upon the decisions of the judge. The witness was proceeding to give evi dence as to similar instructions which, as he alleged, ho had received from, various other tradespeople, .when M. Sergeant WILKINS asked whether a man was to be allowed to give evidence for some eight or ten people, • 9 • JUNE 5, 1851. that Mr. Rimshay bad said, " YOu agents, without any knowledge of the law, are tea timss more expeniivn to suitors than solicitors would , be. 4 Their scale of charges Was, it appearel, 3s. 6d. for every case in Which' they recovered, and. besides 10 per cent. on sums under 51., 7fr Or cent from 5L to 10!., and 5 per "cent. above: 10/. They did not charge anything when they did not r‘ cover. ' • Mr. Sergeant WILETNB—" No cure, no pay?"—Ex aetly so. Mr. John Macfarlane, by Mr. WIliplORE, depo3o3 infer cilia, that the jutlg., in the course of examination, had told hint he was " a stupid. drunken fellow, only fit to tvt a lumper about the docks." In cross-examination by Mr. Sergeant WuxiNs the witness aided nothing to the informsti.m he had given, but explained some of his'own antecedents. William Edwards, a cart-owner, examined—Had been reprimanded for apparent though unintentional disre spectful demeanour towards Mr. Ramshay, and was given into custody, where he was kept from one till laalf 7 past six o'clock, and then pardoned on an apology. Cross-examined—The witness admitted that, after having bemi told to stand up and change his department, on the occasion in question (when he was giving evi dence), he was walking away, and saying, " I came here to speak the truth, and if you won't hear me I shall' go away." He'had kept a public-house. He bad ought when he was pnt out. He could not say hoW often he had fought. He was getting a great age. Was forty-seven years old. Had been married since 1829. • The Earl of CARLISLE—Have not you fought since you. were married? Witness—No, my Lord. John Jones, clerk to Watson and Webster, Liverpool, offered some evidence similarin character to that which preceded it, and of which it was remarked by Sergeant Wilkins that, if taken at all, the parties themselves should have been called to prove it. Messrs. Charles Aldred, Moore, nnd Baker, Liverpool, reporters, were examined as to the truth and animus of various reports by them, which appeared from time to time in the Liverpool' Mercury and Journal. These they verified, and asserted to be free from bias: At the request of Sergeant Wilkins, an adjournment was then granted. The Learned Sergeant not being prepared to defend this week, and the Noble Earl having to be out of town next, the hearing was postponed tit- Tuesday, the 17th FREE TRADE-CURRENCY-PRO- TECTION. (From the Liverpool Standard) _ _ On Tuesday and Thursday evening last Mr. Jonathan Duncan delivered lectures on Free Trade, Currency, and Protection, at the Concert- hall, Lord Nelson-street, which we never saw filled with more attentive, intelligent, and respectable audiences. On the first evening, Mr. J. Smith was in the chair; and although, as a free-trader, guarding himself against being supposed to agree with the whole of Mr. Duncan's views, entorced upon the audience the great importance of the monetary question, which Mr. Duncan was about to explain. Previously to Mr. Dun can's opening the• lecture, the audience was briefly ad dressed by Mr. Robert Jones, an operative, who declared that he, and the working classes generally, had been disappointed in their anticipations of the effects of free trade; that they had less work, less wages, and had found themselves less able to procure bread, notwith standing its cheapness. He was convinced that the erro neous monetary system of the country was the cause. On Thursday, Mr. Brodribb presided; and at the close of the lecture expressed himself strongly in favour of Mr. Duncan's currency. Both lectures were most suc cessful, and have created a great sensation amongst the people of Liverpool. Mr. Domeier commenced by stating that his object in ,addressing the merchants, shipowners, tradesmen, and operativel of Liverpool was to reconcile the antagonism that now exists between the conflicting principles of Free-trade and Protection; that in his humble judg ment both of these rival parties were in error; add that the error mainly arose from over looking - the true principles of Money, for it must be obvious, on the least reflection, that Money forms one-half of every bargain. Free-trade, as a principle of commercial action,- was partly-sound and psrtly. vicious. It was sound in reference to the several 'counties into which Great Britain was divided, since the inhabitants of Lancashire were under the same laws and general circumstances as the inhabitants of Middlesex; but the extension of this principle to inde pendent nations, governed by laws peculiar to them selves, and whose general circumstances differed from those of surrounding kingdoms, was vicious. —(Hear, - near.) There were three special reasons why interna tional free trade might prove injurious ; lst. where there was a difference of soil and climate ; 2dly, where there was a difference in the standard of living ; idly, where there was a difference of taxation. In vegan: to the first of these reasons, it was notorious that the virgin soils of Russia and America possessed more na tural fertility than the soil of Enelacd, which bad- been worked for centuries; and this difference was admitted by the Free-traders, avho, conscious of the disparity stated, urged our farmers to study agricultural chemis • try, and expend large capitals on artificial manure. Now, a free trade should also be a fair trade; but to be fair. the competitors ought to be in parity of relation and eircumstaccss, which is not the case when the carte, the raw material on sebich they labour, is endowed with different degrees of fertility . In reference to the standard of living, the Rus sian serf and Polish peasant were fed on the coarses. food, meanly clad, and squalidly housed. Therefor, their general subsistence cost their employers very mutt less than the farmers of England were in- the habit o' paying to their labourers.—(Hear.) Are we then pre pared to drag our people down to the low level of Russian serfs and Polish bondsmen?—(No, no.) Or ought we oat rather es a Christian community to seek to elevate those oppressed people up to the higher standard of Englishmen ? In reference to taxation, our na tional debt equals in amount the whole national debt of Europe. There are 220 millions of peopl. on the continent of Europe; in these islands there are but 30 millions. The taxation pressure on each of us is therefore sevenfold as great as it is on each inhabitant of the continent. Under such circumstances, free-trade competition is unjust because it is unfair. As, in a race, any cab-horse in Liverpool could distance the Flying Dutchman were the latter compelled to carry a ton weight on his back, so the foreigner, who bears a feather weight of fiscal burdens, can easily conquer or undersell the Englishman, whose back is bent to the ground by im perial and local imposts. If you insist on free and fair trade, make the weights equal between the competitors. In the three caves stated, free trade is the grossest injustice to our productive classes, and protection becomes the sacred duty of a paternal government. The prin ciple_ of free trade, thus modi fi ed in its practical ac tion by the - three special circumstances referred to, leads to 'this rule :—Admit duty free what we cannot produce; exclude what we can produce. For instance, we cannot produce tea, and yet our free trade legislators impoSe OR ith inferior qualities a tax of 300 per cent. ; but on hats, shoee, gloves, &e., that we can produce, no duty is levied. If we reversed this policy, she consumption of tea would be doubled; and, far from displacing native industr . y, it would double employment, in paying for the increased quan tity in a proportionate increase of British commodities. Freights would be doubled, and all the complicated divisions of industry to carry on this fair and free trade would be stimulated into productive activity, and re ceive a corresponding reward.—(Hear, hear.) But if you admit articles that . we can produce, then fo reign industry comes into conflict 'with native industry, and deeply aggravates the ruinous competition which is already grinding labour into the dust. Free-trade is not a practieal measure, because it does not de pend exclusively on the will of the Parliament. We must secure the assent of foreign Governments, and these have refused to meet us on terms of reciprocity. They are eager to sell in our markets, but they will not allow us to sell in their markets. The palbable truth is that we are now mistaking free imports for free trade. The theory of the Manchester school is to destroy the plough in England, and the loom in Europe and the United States. It is proposed that Cobden and Co. shall become the Moses and Son of the habitable globe; and for that privelege they offer to surrender to foreigners our bread and beef markets. Mr. Duncan quoted some striking passages from the evidence of Mr. J. D. Hume, in answer to ques tions 1,361, 1,364, and 1,393, showing that the object - of the Free-traders was to cut down the wages and reduce the dietary of the working men of this country to the continental level; and he also cited from Mr. Mac gregor, in answer to question 332, that he would admit Prussian stockings, " whether that woul d destro y the trade of Leicester or Nottingham or not." He then gav e two definitions of cheapness. Much labour for litt le money was a form of cheapness, which made the r ic h . necessitating richer, by deprecating wages long hours of toil ; but much money for little for little labour was the form- of - cheapness which the industrions classes ought to struggle. th and It was popularly said that food working classes, laboured; but for the great body of the pri mary object of life, and so it was to the r w ic a h s . who e never the primary object of life was employment, for . employ ment.h was the mother of wages, without possessing wh ic h thehat if the or lodging. Cobhett had lon g since the working man could neither command food, clothing, ' er unless he had employment no Advantage to the la.beu r loaf were reduced t o one penny, t o w ould be of quartern by which he could by Darn promisingthe penny. The Leagues had deluded the people them that wh ell free trade was established , three masters would bo 'running after. one workman. EXperiEßCe had practically re feted thii prediction. But common sense should have taught the deluded, that if three masters ran afte r man, wages must rise , and , w ith such rise, the e rn, man, of cheapness was demolished. For why are wages paid et all ? Evidently to create products. But if the products are to be sold cheap, how can the employer pay dear for their creation ? How can be confine to give much money for what he must sell for little money ? The League had also promised that free trade would lead to more trade. But how can you have more trade, unless you have more monied instruments by which alone more trade can be carried on? Now Cobden voted with Peel to limit the amount of money; so that while be promised the end, he Withheld the menus. - What would be - thought of the con duct. of a body of;railwiy directors 'who refused to add to t h e n umber of their carriages, while the number of pui [PRICE stingers was daily increasing? Yet this wes the exact kind of folly that Coaden committed, when he promised more trade and limited the quantity of money. Peel had Waked, " Why should not money fetch its price° in the Market equally with every other commodity ?" 'The answer is, because money does not resemble tiny other commodity. Legislation puts an arbitrary limit on the =emit of money ; but it does not rut any limit on the production of commodities. When bankers charge a high rate of interest fur mnney, the charge is not ma d e for its legitimate mercentile use, but for its artificial scarcity—a scarcity deliberately caused by an ignorant and cruel Act of Parliament. It is not money that calls out trade; but trade that calla out money. The writing of letters calls out postage stamps; but the creation of postage stamps does not cause letters to be wiitten. Suppose Parliament were arbixarily to limit the number of postage stamps; then it is clear that the transmis sion of letters must be limited, however meth the population might increase, or however much the desire or necessity of writing more letters might increase. In .uch a case, people might have to rely sixpence or a shilling for a single stamp. This would be a form of usury, just as much as a grinding rate of interest; and in both (sises people would have to pear, not fur the fair use, but for the legislative scarcity of the instruments they required. Mr. Duncan then explained the system of money that he reconernendee ler edoption. rnis we reported in the last number of the Standard, when describing the meeting of the merchants held at the C atop Sales-room.—(A gentleman in the audience asked whether the Americans would take our taxation money in payment of debts due to them?) Mr. Dun can answered in the negative, and showed that Wad - obi of the greatest advantages of his, system ; for the evil now was that foreigners took away our gold coin, which to them was a merchantable commodity; and wh en that happened, the Act of Parliament compelled the Bank of England to contract the issue of its notes, on which the rate of interest was raised, discounts eeeame almost impossible, trade was suspended, the iactories closed, and the operatives dismissed.—(Cheers.) But if we had a paper money of national character, :laving no intrinsic value as a.commodity, but deriving all its conventional value from the authority hf the Crown, such money would never be sent out of the country, since no gain could be derived from its expor !Mien, but it would permanently remain among us, per -- 1 terming all the legitimate functions for which it was issued. This led to an explanation of the theory of the foreign exchanges. It was contended by Mr. Duncan that foreigners only dealt wi h us on the prin eiple of barter, and that it was a matter of perfect in difference to them what denomination we placed on our monetary instruments. If oar paper pound c ouid only exchange for 21 dwts. of gold, instead of 5 dwts., its present value, the foreigner would draw a bid on England for two hundred of our pounds instead of a bill or one hundred of our pounds. What the foreigner in 'his case would require would be 25 ounces of gold, and provided he got that quantity of metal he would be satisfied. Now we coin our ounce of gold into four oouuds, so that one hundred pounds represent 25 ounces of gold; but if we coined an ounce of gold into eight iational pounds, then two hundred pounds would repro aent 25 ounces of gold. It is a matter of utter indif 'erence to the foreigner what value we put on our coins Jr our paper; he demands a definite weight of gold, and wakes his calculation so as to obtain that definite weight. He deals with us on the principle of barter values, while ,re ought to deal among ourselves on the principle of taxation values.—(Hear, hear.) But how will this affect our manufacturers in their export trade? In our pro posed paper money wages will rise, and therefore prices will rise. Will not then this enhanced cost of produc ;ion drive our manufacturers out of the markets of toe world? By no means; for the price will be a nominal rise expressed in taxation money, which will depreciate erectly in the proportion that taxes are imposed. Take a case. Our manufacturers create goods worth 30,000/. in onr paper money; but if that paper money is excised or depreciated by sour taxes, it will nut etch in the markets of the world 7,500 ounces of gold, out only 5,000 ounces. This is true! but when the ma nufacturer brings his 5,000 ounces of gold to this coun try, they will purchase 30,0001. of our national money, so that he can still compete abroad with foreigners, us _se now competes, selling at the cheap barter level. He s indeed greatly benefited; for sunder the present sys tem he must sell chew both at home fandabroad; but under the system proposed, he would sell Cheap abroad and dear at home. This would sensure high prolate to the employer, andettigh wages to the employed.—(Loud ,sheers.)' Mr. Duncan then explained the differeece he .ween ateatri: and Peter,. Value expressed simply the iabour condensed or embodied in commodities ; price denoted any act of government or of society which added to the cost of produc ion without adding to the value of the product. Thus, if x represented value and y represented taxation, then x + y was the expression if price. If x denoted four pounds and y demo ed two aouuds, then six pounds was the price that the conatne lity ought to sell for in our market ; for it the pro- iucer could not raise his price to this level, he could lot recover the tax he had advanced to the Govern nent, in the shape of customs and excise ; and if he is tisabled from ding so, then all taxation must rest psr nanently on the labour of the country, while the pro iertied classes would be exempt from all fiscal burdens. . Let u 4 apply this principle to free imports. It the foreigner is wholly untaxed, he can sell for simple va lue, that is, for four pounds; what then_ becomes of our iroducera, who require six pounds, since they have paid :deo pounds of taxation? It they continue to compete, hey must lose two pounds on all they sell, and to per .evere iu this would make them bankrupts; but it they ceased to compete, then they mast abandon hotness, sod cease to give employment to our labourers. If it tie objected that the foreigner does pay some tax to his evu Government, the answer it, it hr pa) s two pounds in a commodity whose condensed value is tour pounds hen he will not compete in our market, in which case free trade and free impost becomesa nullity; but if he pay a less fox than two pounds, then he has au advan tage over more heavily taxed producers, and his striven ;ago is our lose.—(1I sr, hear.) Why doss Govern went puuinh a smuggler? Because if he can sell with out paying the tax, ho injures the fair trader who does pay the tax; and Government affixes pains and penalties to smuggling that this unjust competition may not in jure the honest tradesman; yet in utter violation of the :floral principles here involved, the ports aro thrown open to the untaxed foreigner, who is actually invited, nay encouraged, to ruin our fair traders who contri bute to the burdens of the State; while the British smuggler, when detected, is severely pu nished. This free-trade cheapness makes the incomes of the idle rich go further, for as prices fall, the purchasing power of fixed incomes rises. Thus our present legislation appreciates wealth, and depreciaies labour ; it augments the dividends of the fundholders, and reduces the wages of industry.—(Cheers.) Mr. Duncan then pointed out several of the contradictions and absurdities of what is called " Free Trade." Thus, the duty was taken off raw cotton, because it was the raw material of manufacture, but when the refuse or sweepings of the cotton-mills is converted into paper, the paper is liable to a tax of 300 per cent. Our gra ziers are not allowed to extract the saccharine.proper ties of barley by any malting process to enable them to fatten their cattle, bat they are compelled to compete with the foreign grazier who may malt his barley. We tax soap 100 per cent., and spend vast sums to promote sanitary reform, withholding from the poor the means of cleansing their bodies. We profess a desire to promote trade, and put a tax on advertisements which are the be best means of attracting trade. We p retend to n anxious for popular education, and ta x the pa which books are printed. In a wor d, our professions and and cur practice aro directly opp osed.—( the Ernthusias tic applause.) The lecturer th en examined. question of direct taxation, which he contended was i al together impracticable. With the cost of collection, we require a revenue at 60 millions: the present property and income-tax at three per cent. yields five millions; therefore to raise 60 millions, the tax must be raised to 36 per cent. But if trades and prefest ,ions are empte , and the whole revenue wer e raised from reali sed pro perty, the tax must be raised to 70 per cent., which would amount to confiscation. —(Hear, hear.) Mr. Duncan then pointed out tho danger to the fu.dholde; from the present com mercial p olicy : It was ruining our colonies, our agriculture, our maritime supremacy, our general commerce; and when our productive classes were broug ht down to u bare subsistence by cheap wages, an d t h e e mploying classes reduced to a bare profit, u m mean s of paying the dividends would vanish ; an d t h e fundholder, now profiting by the general distress of in dustry, would be punished for his shortsighted selfish.. peas by the advent of a national bankruptcy.—(...Rear, hear, and applause.) Ho concluded by repeating that the whole controversy hinged on the doctrine of employ ment, and the problem to be solved was thi s: —C an trade be expanded, while money is always limited, and perio dically withdrawn, by Act of Parliament? Can free im ports give more employment to our working classes than a protected labour market? Mr. Duncan resumed his seat amidst the long-continued applause of the meeting. At the conclusion of each lecture, a vote of thanks was enthusiastically carried to the eloquent lecturer fur his able lecture; and so effectually had he anticipated all the objections to his system, that no question was asked by any of the several parties present who evidently did not coincide with some of Mr. Dun cartel views. (From the Morning Herald.) We learn from the reporting columns of our aliLt contemp orary , t h e Liverp Liverpool Standard , th...t Mr, Jonath an D uncan , a g entleman of repute for his lubourt on que:,tions of currency, has teen delivetirg lectures, which have attracted no small degree of attention, in exposition of his peculiar views on the same subject, before respectable ussem hinges of the most experienced and e nlightened members of the mercanti!o community of that great city. When i we say his peculiar views, however, we are underrating the importance of the school to which as.owedly he be longs. and of a class of writers and reasoi-rs throughout the country who concur on the gineral principle with him, and who are establishing a position in p bli e ion school, as 111 r. which is daily a ddin g to the number of their proselyt es and the weight of their influence. The Duncan informs us, is that of Mr. John Taylor of this metropolis—a name well known for his labours in the especial branch of economical science, and not less re spected than known even amongst those who may most differ with the faith he holds, and the Pt9OrBEI of tatioci- 5D.. as well ' logic of facts and experience, by he e - _da and defends it. Although it iide ..ar present purpose to enter for 'O3 upon a currency discussion, yet it is ire than a fitting mark of respect to Mr. and the-shoot so presided over, of which ho is eerily member, that we ehould endeavour to le public more extensively acquainted with the tenets of his belief, and of the means or comb l i a n c a e ti , o h n e s by which he would practically develope them. W e proceed to state, therefore, that, in the first p entirely repudiates gold- as a standard of-value, and by consequence silver also, equally with any other m e t a l or commodity. In effect he refuses to recognise the possibility of any standard whatever. • " The popular belief was," said be, "that we had got a standard of value, but he would undertake to prove that this wa s a perfect fiction. In the first place, it was important to separate in the mind the idea of standard from the idea of measure, for these two terms were constantly confounded by writers on . political eco nomy, except by these who belonged, as he did, to Mr. Taylor'e sch oo l. Be was the first writer who had accu rately distinguished between standard and measure. All standards were fixed in nature, and were eternal as r b r a u r t ) g a e l m a e : re andth the Gad they of w e nature;re so a s t u ob s were bring; fixed by men, the virtues of standard most caner:l,ly into service. For instance, the diurnal revolution of the earth around its axis, and its annual revolution round the sun, were true indexes of time; tbey were unerring, end astronomers had never perceived the slightest fractional alteration. A standard must be immutable; if it were not so it ceased to be a standard; but he should show in a subsequent portion of his lecture that our standard of our value" of money wee a weathercock which veered round with everwilid.". y We presume there can be no question that, so far as for value, there can be no real unerring standard disco verable by the ingenuity of man, for ail values, that is, commodities possessing the quality of intrinsic value, are necesserily arbitrary and fluctuating in their relations with each other from day to day, and neither gold nor silver differ in this respect from any other commodity. Its linear measure, and measures of capacity and weight, we may arrive at the solution of a standard appreciable by any one, but although in connexion with, it is deter urinate of no fixed or especial rates of value. The bushel of wheat may obtain only ss. to.day, whilst to-morrow it might command 103. Mr. Duncan propos . es to super sede, a metallic standard of value purely of fictitious pretence, since it has been found to vary from 10 to 20 per cult., by " an instrument intrinsically valueless," by ch Only " we could keep the relative value of all eeramodities in parallel." This instrument is, of ''"rene-peper money. We profess not exactly to cone. prehetid whet is meant by the process of keeping the " re letiee value of all other commodities in parallel." The paper instrument being "intrinsically valueless," is, of course, nut a commodity, strictly to speak, and there fore " other" must be taken as a mere verbal escape. If equal rates of price are to be understood, we have yet to be told %hat are the relative values of commodities to each other, which opens the wide field for debate of de mand and supply, production and consumption. We inter, however, that with credit or paper money unfet tered by capricious standard and bank laws, Mr. Duncan would merely conteeel that the paper-money agent, or intermediary for operating or measuring exchanges, rising with the legitimate demand, and descending pro portionally when not so much called for, but always and at all times easy of access, upon moderate equitable con ditions, to all possessed of the necessary guarantees, whether of securities, or the podtion and character of parties, would tend to prevent the undue depression of prices, and in so far to conserve a certaiw degree of parity of rs,lation ,hip between the values of all commo cities. That such would be the effect of a paper-money system judiciously funded upon solid property, or upon a national consideration equivalent, or by a combination of both, is, we think, fur trom improbable. And thia brings us to the scheme by which Mr. Duncan proposes to carry out these desirable objects, based, as it will be seen, upon conditions of undeniable safety and conve nience.-- "He proposed that the money of;the State, the na tional money, sboulo be issued under the control and by the advice of PariAment, and that it should be limited to the annual amount of taxation; whether that tax was 40 50, or 60 millions sterling, such should be the quantity of national State money—based not only upon the nar row margin of gold that was in this country, but based upon the 6,0110 millions of real property, which statisti cians tell us is the aggregate wealth of this country. Theiefore the 60 millions of taxation would have no insufficiency of security, nor could the money ever de pre.c, te since it was an express condition that it sh ou ld always be limited to the amount of times voted by Par liament; nor could it ever decreciate from any other circumstance, inasmuch as the Crown would be obliged to take it back at the same price at which it had been issued.—(Hear, hear.) Then as to the money of com mtrce, he proposed the security of banks which should be incorporated, the proprietors having given to Govern ment‘ tangible and convertible security in case the bank should fail." The security for the issue cf the commercial paper money would consist of the derosit of Consols, or other State or S:ate-secured stocks, as in the case of the Now York banks ; against wt ich the incorporated banks should be authorizAl to issue for three rourths of the value. Any proposed increase of issues sub.equently to be preliminary covered in the same proportion. • With this sketch of Mr. Duncan's plan or theory we conclude tor the present. At a more convenient Season we may be Wile to enter more into detail, and exlitbit the mischievous woe kings of our pre •sent currency laws, as he also has forcibly described them. In the meantime no may observe that it is a singular anomaly in our legislation, that we have, or must have, tree trade in anything but money or credit. have a fixed price—the only fixture of price existing —tor gold, and we have also restrictive laws for paper money. But iniquitou.; laws carry the seeds of their own contravention or cure in them. Thus, if we cannot have a circulating paper money payable on demand, be yond a curtain fixed amount, in the shape of bank-notes, we m iy, and actually have, a bank-cheque circulation so payable, it,el that c rculation is on the increase both in town nn,l country. I amounts to many millions al ready; it will reach tens uf mdll 1 - 13 more; it possesses all tine facilitiea of the banlc-note in passing from hand to hand, is returned no sooner for payment to the banks upon which drawn, and, in despite of the law , is be coming the c:nimon form of remittance between places hundreds of miles apart. BOOKS, CANADA. AND THE lONIAN ISLANDS. GENERAL POST• OFFICE, JUNE, 1851.--The Lords of her Aliijesey's Treasury having authorised by warrant, the extension to Canada and the lonian Islands of the reduced rates of postage and the regulations recently established for books transmitted by the post to the 13riti,h Colonies in the West Indies, &c., in future all print, d books, magazines, reviews, and pamphlets (whe ther British, colonial, or foreign), may be sent by Post between the Uni:ed Kingdom and Canada or the lonian. Islands, at the following reduced rates of post age; viz, : —F u r s. d. additional 31b. 3 0 Eac ) packet not exc e eding ilh. in weight • 0 6 L Ditto exceeding Slb. nd not exceeding g g 2 11 1 b b . ) . 2 1 t Ditto exceeding 11b. and not o Ditto exceecing 21b. and n ot exceeding And so on, increasing Is. for *vary ii action of a pound. that the following conditions b e packet must be sent without a cover, 1. Every such le volume only (whether carefully Provided, observedhoe7L, in a cover open at the ends or sides. or ). magazine, review, or pamphlet), the se venal 1 sheets or parts thereof, when there are more printed lt book,niust contain a sing than voenrea'beiom acwed or bound tigether. 3. It must not exceed two feet its length, breadth, width. or depth. 4. It must have no writing or marlea upon the cover or its contents, except the name and addr. : , a 0! the per son to whom it may be sent. 5. The postage must be prepaid in full by affuerg outside the packet or its cover the proper number of stamps.of the above co:diti ons b e violated the packs I f any must ba charged as a Leiter, and treated as such in al respects. To prevent any obstacles to the regular transmission of letters, any officer of the Post-office may delay the transmission of any su c h packet for a time no t exceedinf , twenty-four hou rs f rom the time at which the slim would otherwise have ben forwarded by him.. As no book may be sent by any route h would the wdbil:artment, entail au expense of transit postage on ci e ; oily to these regulations apply, in respect to Catnapukets books, &c., sent by the British c to via H.alifax, and in respect to the lonian Islands, Only books, &c., sent via Southampton. ferleihneiathbotvheevotes and proceed all of which printed dpapers allowed to pass ings of Parliament, or of p existing regulations. itrirsatnisumelisosniosnaoref.iiottooxtend to or inter. bywilwill the continuepo s post uu t od,bret subjecthe ri w -stprols:phteie• TREES. THE l Tuesday E LM t o wat er ==-•--- „.., —ItG RhasvAinrgEbxeennlnortsrcriOaNn the elm trees in the north-western department •y i"i'W determined which were so sadly drooping fo r want of moisture, t h e carriages be neath were quickly wbee _ed on one side, o ne o f S halders's very forcible sm all portable fire, &c. engines borrowed, its reservoir stand filled by gutta perclia leading pipes from the main, and in labs than a quarter of an hour every leaf, ' some over 50 feet high, v, twig, and branch, were thoroughly satu rated with several barrels of water. It was worked without an y mercy by two of the Fire Brigade, wit who have shown a grea t preference for these engines; another guiding its ' jet pipe, at the end of a small Copper riveted hose from the top of a short step-ladder, causing much attraction to the visitors i n the surrounding galleries, end atthe time very pl a inly showing there is no danger of a fire sam spreadinge to any g very alarmin extent there, every part liable to such a con tingency being so easily accessible. In the dead o f the ni g ht a single police or fireman can ' • of these engines with bucket one hand, carry a seize one other. and of water with the with outoth any help get up a stream of water 45 fe e t hi g h, o r to a distance of CO feet, with• [ADVERTISE3IENT.I—HoIIoway's Pills, an effectual Cure for Dropsy.—Extiact of a letter from Mr. W. Tomlin son, of Ba ngor , dated May 1. 1851 ' .To Professor Hollo way. ;3ir,—F or :everal dears 1 was severely afflicted with dropsy; at times my feet an d j e gs were so much swollen that 1 was quite unable to walk. I c onsulted many doctors, and tried remedy after ren edv w ith hopes of obtaining relief, but I was 1 diappointed in all until I tried your invaluable pills. 1 which I gatefully acknowledge have been the sole means of i • effecting a cure of ray complaint, and I am now in the enjoy men: of excellent health.—Sold by all Druggists, and at Pro -1 fessor Holloway's Establishment, 244, Strand, London. Tin] EXETER SYNOD.—Tce Bishop of Exeter has determined that the representatives of the metropolitan and I provincial press shall not be admitted to report the pro f ceedings of the forthcoming diecesarisynod in the Cathedral Church of 'Exeter. An application having been made to the Eight Rev. Prelate, his Lordship has returned 213 answer to that effect,