The Sun. — London, England, 1868-09-11 00:00:00

T" "SUN" NE ‘VSPAPER.-G. It. GLENIE, Sporting Library, 4, Connaught-terrace, Edgeware-road, delivers the LATH: EDITION of "THE SUN " at the earliest possible moment after leaving the press. He is able to deliver Jopies in Town, the Suburbs, and in many parts of the country a ta comparatively early hour the same evening, say 40 miles by nine o'clock Orders by post punctually attended to. THE LATE EDITION of " THE SUN" at SMITH'S Camden Stores," 78, Park-street, Camden town COUNTER CLOTHS FOR LICENCED VICTUALLERS. rrHE only suitahlo for that purpose, ss. 6d. per dozen, - hemmed, ready for use. Address 105, Fleet-street, and 5, The Pavement, Clapham. GLASS CLOTHS SUITABLE FOR LICENCED VICTUALLERS, is. 9d. PER DOZEN. AA7 ILLIAM HOLDIC I - I and CO. , No. 105, V Fleet-street, foot of Ludgate hill ; and No. 5, The Pavement, Clapham-common. T ABLE CLOTHS, in every Width and Length, 1 expressly for Licenced Victuallers. Damask Napkins for Tray Cloths, Drills for Bar Aprons and Towel Hugs of every description. Patterns gratis and post free. etARDIGAN JACKETS made expressly for Bar 1J use, Warm and Elastic, from ss. 6d. each, for _Jadies' and Gentlemen's use. WILLIAM lIOLDICEI ind Co., LICENSED VICTUALLERS' DRAPERS, 105, Fleet- Etreet, City, and No. 5, The Pavement, Clapham-common. WILLIAM lIOLDICH and Co., LICENSED VICTUALLERS' DRAPERS, Establisbed 1842, at 103, Fleet-street, City; Southern Branch—No. 5, The Pave ment, Clapham-common. Patterns gratis and post free, w:th Price List. TO LICENCED VICTUALLERS. ESTABLISHED 1842. AVILLIANI lIOLDICH and CO., V LICENCED VICTUALLERS' DRAPERS, No. 105, Fleet-street, corner of Farringdon-street ; and at No. 5, Tho Pavement, Clapham-common (Southern Branch). ril HEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Sole Proprietor and Manager, Mr. B. WEBSTER. Directress, Mrs. Alfred Mellon. THIS EVENING, at 7, A ROUGH DIAMOND. Messrs. G. Belmore, Ashley; Mrs. Billington, and Miss Lennox Gray. At a quarter to Eight, THE FLYING SCUD. Messrs. G Belmore, Billington, shley, J. G. Taylor, C. H. Stephenson, C. J. Smith; Miss Charlotte Saunders, Miss Louisa Moore, Miss Maria Harris, and Miss Lennox Grey. To conclude with THE FAST COACH. Messrs. J. G. Taylor. B. Romer, W. H. Eburne; Miss Nelly Harris, and Miss E. Pitt. LYCEUM THE A.TRE.- Lessee and Manager, E. T Smith. TriutnpLant success of Mr. FAIRCLOUGH, the American tra gedian. who will make his twelfth appearance THI-4 EVENING as HAMLET. The very kind reception he met with last week front a fashion able and crowded house will never be effaced front his memor,,"• The box-office opcn under the direction of Mr. C. Nugent. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE. Sole Lessee au. - 1. Manager, Mr. Vining. THIS EVENING, at 7, A CLT ARMING PAIR. After which (at 8 o'clock), Die." Boucicault's , new drama, in four acts, entitled AFTER DAR.N. a Tale of London Life. Messrs. Vining, Walter Lacy. Dominic:: Murray, H. J. Montague, I. G. Shore ; Miss Tressy 'Marston, and Miss Rose Leclercq. Entirely new Scenery by Mr. F. Lloyds and a ssists nts. To conclude with MASTER JONES'S RIii,THDAY. Doors open at half-past 6, commence at 7. Box-office open daily front 10 till 5. R 0 YAL STRAND THEATRE. Sole Lessee and Manageress. Mrs Swanborough. THIS EVENING, at 7.30, SISTERLY SERVICE. Messrs. Belford, Harcourt; Miss Sheridan After which, THE FIELD OP THE CLOTH OF GOLD. Messrs. Thorne, James, and Robson; Mesdames Sheridan, oolall. Hughes, Newton, &e. To conclude with MARRIAGE AT ANY PRICE. R OYAL AMPHITHE A ERE AND CIRCUS, HOLBORN. Reappearance of FRANK PASTOR, the Champion American Equestrian, who has just returned from a starring engagement in Vienna. ONRA, the Sensation of London. ONRA, every evening, in his Flying Trapeze Act, as performed before the Prince and Princess of Wales. ONRA.'S Terrific Flights on Two Bars. 0 'RA', Incredible Somersaults and Pirouettes. ONRA, the most wonderful and perfect performer ever witnessed. The incomparable Scenes in the Arena as usual, including M Samwell's wonderful performing Dogs. Open at Seven, commence at half-past Seven. Morning Per formance, Wednesday and Saturday, at Half-past Two. Children under ten, half-price to morning performance only. LICENSED VICTUALLERS' GUARDIMti A il R. GLENIE, of the Sporting Library, lug • 4, Connaught-terrace, Hyde-park, London, W., begs to inform hiq customers, and the Licensed Victuallers in general. that he has been appointed Agent for the above-named paper in ldition to his agency for the Sporting Edition of " Tile Sus," Ind can supply the same on Friday evening, if required ; in town Dr country. _ _ G. R. Gl 7 . begs to inform the Trade that he is Agent for the LATEST EDITION of THE SUN," and can supply it earlier ►Dan any other man in London or Country the evening of publi ration. No connection with any other persons. Baiiy's, Rub's, Wright's, and M'Call's Guides. 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NOTHING IMPOSSIBLE. AGUA AMARELLA restores the Human Hair to its pristine hue, no matter at what age. JNO. GOSNELL and CO. have at length, with the aid of one of the most eminent Chemists, succeeded in perfect ing this wonderful liquid. It is now offered to the public in a more concentrated form, and at a lower price. Sold in bottles, 3s. each ; also 55., 7s. 6d., and 15s. each, including brush. R©d Bull Wharf, Angel-passage, 93, Upper Thames street, London. E.C. 1134, jg,„„ THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1868. LO.NDO . N, FRIDAY, SEPT. 11, 1868. This season of the year is generally fruitful in congresses and gatherings of various kinds. Even if diplomacy is idle, and its votaries too cautious to meet each other face to face, the savans and the social philosophers are usually fully of vigour. Science takes a survey of her annual progress, and the quiet folks who like to leave the world as they found it are startled by hearing that the whole order of things is to be revolutionised, and that it is indispensable to the proper development of our nation that we should each step out of his or her place and take somebody else's. The International Working Men's Congress is therefore holding its deliberations at a very suitable time, and the selec tion is the more opportune because the leisure of the autumn months enables their debates and dis cussions to attract some attention outside their own circle. The subject of their deliberations on Tues day evening was one which has of late years occa sioned a good deal of perplexity, and it is therefore worth while to see in what light it appeared to the majority of the social reformers at Brtissels. The preceding question which they had been examin ing —that of " War and Standing Armies"—was one on which we might naturally suppose their views to be theoretical rather than practical, and as such more likely to influence the closet of the scholar than the cabinet of the statesman. " Strikes and Courts of Arbitration," however, are matters on which it is really of some importance to elicit their opinions, and to ascertain where the chief diffictd 4 .7 lies, and accordingly we are able to compare the sentiments of delegates from Paris, Geneva, 'Lon don, and Brussels on these matters. Ihe first paper read was from Geneva, where the working men have lately succeeded in establishing an asso ciation on a new system. There the differwat trades societies belonging to it pay their contributions into a central fund, which is managed by the dele gates of the different trades. " With a weekly con tribution of 2id. we have sustained four great strikes, and in spite of these struggl.:s we have re mained masters of our situation." Notwithstand ing this success, however, the Geneva Association does not approve of strikes in the r.bstract, though it holds that they are at present the only weapon which working men possess to defend themselves. The great point recommended by the writer of this paper is a general organisation, and he holds that every one of the societies connected with the Work ing Men's Association ought to create a central de fensive fund like the one at Geneva. From Antwerp we are told that strikes are mis chievous in principle and in practice ; they foment hatred, and tend to produce a state of things in which every man tries to aggrandise himself at the expense of others. This writer holds, however, that " a radical social reform" is necessary, and he believes the only means of benefiting the labouring classes is co-operative labour. In Brussels it is said that there have been num bers of strikes in which the employers have gained the day, but few in which the men have triumphed. The English workmen explain this by declaring that when the men win nothing is heard of the strike, and it is only the drawn battles that come under public notice. The Brussels reformers, however, though they condemn strikes, are strongly in favour of trades' unions, and they are ready with suggestions for very sweeping reforms. One of the principal causes of oppression they declare to be slack trade, and therefore the trade societies should provide for men out of employment, to keep them from working under price. To make this effective all trades should be " locally, nationally, and internationally" united, since if the societies are disconnected, capitalists might take advan tage, and fetch workmen who are out of employ from a distance, and so get their work done cheaper. The conclusion of all these schemes of reform is not a little startling. We are marching on onwards, we are told, to the regeneration of society, but it is to take a singular form. Strikes, we are told, but perpetuate wages labour, and the object is to abolish wages labour. Capital is at present ab sorbing labour, in future labour must absorb capital. United for the defence of wages in the first instance, the trades societies will explode the system of wages labour, and found a new social order. It will, therefore, be seen that these reformers are not satisfied with any ordinary change, but intend to turn our social fabric upside down. There is to come a day when the intrusive capitalist is to be done away with, when the consumer is to be supplied direct from the working man without an intermeddler. The awkward fact of this arrange ment is that there will be two or three superfluous orders of society. The capitalist will be de trop, the dealer and intermediate agent will be dispensed with, Statesmen and armies will be quite useless, since the associations of working men will ba the proper parties to regulate peace and war. All ranks and classes must fuse into one vast level, in which wages labour will be no more heard of, and the dreams of the visionary Republic will be realised. As it will be conceded that Europe at least is not rife for such a change, it is worth while to see what less sanguine reformers are thinking of. In the discussion which followed the reading of these papers a Parisian speaker said that in the first strike at Paris they had endeavoured to organise councils of arbitration, but their endeavour had been frustrated. They could, he said, procure food, clothing, and shelter with their wages, but they wanted education as well, and without material resources they must remain in ignorance. This does not by any means follow, and too often the addi tional wages gained by the workman prove of little permanent utility to himself or his family. In England very certainly the pleasure van and the public-house absorb enough to afford an excellent education in the way of libraries and lectures. Our English delegates are much more inclined to favour strikes than their continental friends, and two speakers from London spoke strongly in their favour. But if any one not connected with associa tions had been present at Brussels he might have brought a few facts to the notice of the meeting. In the first place, would the manufacturers of the present day, which in any shape provide the working ma❑ with the means of living, and enrich and benefit the whole world, ever have reached their present development if the workmen had ruled the masters ? If machinery had been kept from application to the cotton manufacture, as the throngs who burnt the first spinning-jennies wished it to be, where would be the Manchester of 1868 ? HARGREAVES was a working man, yet HARGREAVES narrowly escaped from his native place with his life when a rumour went abroad of his great invention. How many other trades and manufactures tell the same story, and how then are we to believe that we may safely trust the interests of progress in the hands of those who declare it to be their interest that the laws of supply and demand should obey a fixed rule ? An other question to be asked by this outsider would be whether the system of supporting men out of work to keep them from working under price might not be pleasanter to the drones than to the bees of the community ? If a man knows he has only to throw himself on the resources of the great central fund when he is idly inclined, we fearjthat 2id. a week will not suffice to replenish the exchequer. As for the principle that an industrious man's earn ings must help to keep a lazy one, we suppose that is not to be weighed against the advantage of coercing the masters. But there is one argument which is conclusive against the whole system of these unions, and would be just as much so if the masters attempted a similar course. Trade, to flourish, must be free and unfettered. The more competition the more success, the more protection the more weakness. This is the general rule, which all commercial ex perience confirms, and yet the very men who are ready to idolise the name of COBDEN, and are loudest in denouncing the stupidity and cupidity of the farmers who wanted to keep up the Corn laws, are eagerly trying how many fetters and leading-strings they can put on English trade and manufacture. They do not see that all the argu ments which they used to applaud about Free Trade apply not to corn alone, but to the whole system of trade and commerce. They would not expect a man to run on crutches when he had legs of his ov,n, but they expect to see the working man thrive when lie may make bricks on one side of the river but not on the other, when he may not bring up his son to his own trade, or work with a man who dares to think for himself. The Republic which our theorists are endeavouring to establish bears in less murderous times a strong resemblance to that former Republic which good, and wise, and patriotic men had AO long dreamed of, but which when once fairly in existence crushed down free thought, free speech, and free action under one re lentless Reign of Terror, and which, starting in the lofty names of Liberty, Fraternity, and Equality, speedily established in their stead " le droit du plus fort." The :Conservative candidates at Devonport have been setting forward their claims, and the meeting was well attended and orderly, which is saying something nowadays. Mr. FERRAND spent some time in referring to the subject of the last election, and then addressed himself to general politics in his usual decided way. As to the expenditure question he said that if Mr. GLADSTONE'S Govern ment had not spent the same if they had been in power they would have been " traitors." It is satisfactory to find any one speak as does Mr. FERRAND does, and he more than met the assail ants half way by saying that more would be re quired for the expenditure of the country, and not less. The spread of education, sanitary improve ments, the extension of the Factory Acts, and other matters would require it. The Radicals, he believes, wish to disestablish the dockyards, and for years they have been making attacks upon the artizans and officers. The Conservatives have restored the franchise, which their opponents took away. Mr. FERRAND argued very ingeniously that "the least the new electors can do is to recognise the noble act." Major PALISSIER laid great stress upon the Reform Bill which his party had passed, and expressed his full confidence in the extension of the suffrage. He knew the working men, " he had worked alongside of them in the fitting shop, the turning shop, at forges and foundries,and knew what a clever,honest,respectable, and thorough Conservative set of men they were." He had also met among the men of talent whose want of means had alone precluded them taking up their right position. The effect of the Reform Bill, Major PALISSIER said, was to " smash up the Radi cal party." It was so split up that Mr. GLADSTONE was quite at fault for a " cry" until he took up Ireland. The complete success of that, however, was becoming a little more doubtful, and so we have the question of retrenchment put before us with all the addenda and improvements that the wit and imagination of the candidates can supply. Lord HARTINGTON'S dashing attack had been so completely met that the noble lord was compelled to beat a retreat, and leave it to Mr. GLADSTONE or Mr. CHILDERS, at a future day, to reply to the answer he had received. As for the year 1865, which these wiseacres thinkly so lightly of, that, it is well known, was? year in which nothing was done, and a sort of lapse took place, while arrangements were made for experiments, &c. The Conservative Government came in the next year, and found the work waiting to be done, and pushed it forward, as in duty bound, with spirit and energy. The works on the Continent showed the ne cessity for having recourse to the breech loader, and that was another source of expense, but who will venture to say that it was not needed, and that the Administration which refused to do so would have had confidence reposed in them by either Parliament or people. Let there then be a stop put to these accusations or insinuations about expense, for they are as idle as they are unfair, and quite unworthy of being made the standing point of attack. Why does not Mr. GLADSTONE give a direct answer to the statement of the CHANCELLOR of the Ex- CHEQUER, and contradict it if he can ? The reason is very obvious—he is afraid to try. He will wait until he makes another long speech, and then, amid the multiplicity of his words, slipin some other charge against the Ministry, and leave the stray shot to take effect or not as chance directs. His followers may keep it up, but in all probability the expenditure has done its work so far as he is concerned, and he will seek fresh fields and pastures new. It can not be said that the last effort has been a success, for he has been contradicted in the most direct way by the figures he loves so well, but which have been turned against him, since they show he is himself responsible for the results he lays to the charge of others. The late King LEOPOLD was distinguished for his wisdom, and he rendered many most important services to the other crowned heads of Europe by his timely hints and judicious counsel. It is there fore interesting to notice some of his opinions on the /project of a treaty between France and Bel gium relating to a Customs' Union. Two letters, taken from the forthcoming biography of the late KING, by M. JUSTE, appear in the Standard of to-day, and they are the more inte resting as the lapse of years since their date has not got rid of the notion to which they refer, for of late we have heard a good deal of the scheme in one quarter and another. The first letter was written in November, 1840, and is addressed by King LEOPOLD to M. LE HON. In this he declares that his first im pression was against it, for the Belgians were sus ceptible. He lays particular stress upon the im portance of giving the treaty a " character purely commercial, to take away from it every clause which would be of an administrative nature." On the whole the prevailing opinion throughout this letter is evidently one of doubt respecting the advisability of the proposal, and while its advan tages are admitted its difficulties are more manifest. The KING states very plainly that unless the French Government are willing to conform to his advice and warning it will be of no use to attempt the task. The second letter, which bears date January, 1841, is much more decisive on the point. The KING bids the Minister to rest assured that it has be come impossible for them to make anything more than a " differential treaty" with France. There must be a " palpable proof" to the rest of Europe that there is no " incorporation." The other Powers were against a union of Custom-houses, declaring that the neutrality of Belgium would thereby cease, and that it would, in fact, become a province of France, which the other Powers could not respect. Further on King LEOPOLD maintains that a different treaty with France would be quite as well as a union of Custom-houses. Finally, M. LE HON is charged in the most impressive manner to be careful how he acts in this important affair, and not to forget the impossibility of a Union of Custom-houses. A differential treaty would be another affair, and might offer advantages without presenting such dangers. Surely the statesmen of this day may learn something from this record of the last generation. King LEOPOLD was one who was well acquainted with such matters, and could speak what he knew on all affairs of national interest. What he said then may be equally applicable now, and it would be ruinous for Belgium to adopt any course which would result in her sinking down into a French province. The tried sagacity of LEOPOLD may well serve the country he ruled with such success even now that he has departed from among us, and the more his advice is dwelt upon, the more sound will it appear and the more worthy of attention by all who have the interest of the little kingdom at heart. EXECUTIONS AGAINST RAILWAYS.—By one of the Jail, Acts exozutions against railway companies are re stricted to th. Ist of September, 1870, from the Ist of September inst. LATEST INTELL MENCE. (REUTER'S TELEGRAMS.) PRUSSIA. BERLIN, Sept. 11. The Queen and the Crown Prince and Crown Princess of Prussia will pay a visit to the King of Saxony, at Dresden, on the Bth October. The Crown Princess, with her children, leaves for England on the 20th proximo. The Crown Prince will join the Princess early in November. INDIA, CHINA, AND AUSTRALIAN (HEAVY) MAILS. SOUTHAMPTON, Sept. 11. The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Nyanza, with the above mails, has arrived here, with 69 passengers, £26,157 in specie, and a large cargo, including silk to the value of £200,000. On the Bth the Nyanza spoke the steamer Pera, and on the 10th the steamer Oneida. GIBRALTAR, Sept. 6. News from Barbary continues satifactory. The public health at Tangiers was rapidly im proving. Exchange.—On London, 49 9-16 ; Paris, 5.22 ; Madrid, prem. CORRESPONDENCE FROM PARIS. (FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.) PARIS, THURSDAY, September 10. The evacuation of the Pontifical States by the French troops has again taken rank as the first diplomatic ques tion of the day. It is alleged by those who claim to know what diplomatic communications are on foot, that the Chevalier Nigra had an interview with the Marquis de Moustier on Monday, and that he informed the French Foreign Minister of the receipt of a despatch, in which the Italian Government demands the withdrawal of the French troops, on the ground that all the stipulations of the September Convention have been ful filled by Italy. There seems to be no doubt that this attitude has been taken up by the Italian Government, either voluntarily or at the instance of the nation. Unfor • tunately, the Emperor does not take the same view of the situation. Whatever may be the truth respecting the " communications " alleged to have been sent from Italy, it is generally agreed that there are no signs of an evacua tion of Rome. The illoniteur de l'Armee gives an account of the manceuvres at the camp of Chalons; but the most inte resting part of the programme relates to the experiments with the new engines of destruction. At the rifle practice fifty-six marksmen hit the target six times with their six bullets at a tolerably long range, fifteen hit it five times out of six, and the remainder four times. The results which have been attained by the mitrailleuses are also highly spoken of. I see, however, that the Prussians have invented a machine which they intend to oppose to the mitrailleuses. But for the esta blished fact that the mortality in war has not increased with the perfection of warlike engines, it might be appre hended that the next war would be mei ely extermination pure and simple. At all events, the science of war is rapidly becoming a question of mechanics and pyro technics. The " difficulty " between Prussia and Holland rela tive to the navigation of the Rhino was brought about in this wise. The plenipotentiaries were unanimously agreed upon all the terms except one, and this was a clause esta blishing that the Dutch Government should take care that navigation should not be impeded on any the rivers and canals which join the Rhine with the sea by way of Dor drecht, Rotterdam, and Helvoetsluys. The Dutch Govern ment feared that in accepting a responsibility of this kind the Powers which adjoin the Rhine might find pretexts for interference. The strike at Marseilles has not yet given way, but the newspapers have managed to get together a half-sheet. The official papers have suddenly become silent on the subject of the Var election. M. Thiers is reported to have said, " If M. Dufaure be elected, we shall decidedly create a third party." It is stated that Count von Goltz has resigned, and that Prince Reuss, now the Prussian Ambassador at St. Petersburg, will be his successor. The Avenir Algerien has got into trouble. This journal had twice accused the French Government of disregarding the warnings of last year's terrible calamity, and the signs of a renewal of the famine this winter. The second article declared that the Government was " deaf to advice, and blind or refractory to all information." The journal has been twice warned for exciting to hatred and contempt. I hardly need say that Paris and all the region rouna about resounds with the blast of war. One of the most noticeable on dits is that M. de Moustier was very angry both with the warlike article in the Constitutionnel and the effusion of the France entitled the " Three Treaties," in which it was laid down that Prussia must not cross the Main, Italy must not go to Rome, and Russia must not seize Constantinople. The latter article was, indeed, absurd enough to anger any Minister, but then these journalists would not write what they might fear would be unacceptable to their patrons. One writer says the expressions of the Emperor are very reassuring. Who hears such expressions, and of what kind are they ? I can see no pretext for war ; but everything here points to doubt and uncertainty. The French Government is purchasing large quantities of horses in Styria. It is extremely difficult to interpret the state of the Bourse at present, but it may be said that to-day there is a shade of improvement. THE WEATHER TABLE.--THIS DAY. METEOROLOGICAL REFORM Extreme Sea Friday, 1.0 4 F. 1 Sept. 11, B. T. 1,1. u. 5 1 W. I 1 to F. 13. W R. to 8 a.m. 1 12 -- 9 --- t -- Nairn - 1 Aberdeen - 1 Leith - - Shields - 2 Scarborough 30'llf. 55 53 Z. 0 4 S. b.f. - Yarmouth 3o'oBf. 61 58 N.E. 3 4 E.N.E. o. - 2 Helder - - - Cialiaren - - - - - - - - - - Sltudesness - - - - - - - Ardrossan 3015 f. 56 54 N.E. 2 2 W. o.r. 'O7 1 Greencastle 3015 r. 56 ,54 N.N.E. 3 4 S. mrolo 19 - Holyhead - - Liverp00l - 1 Valentin 3olof. 56 54 N.N.E. 2 3 S.S. W. b.or o'ls 2 Cape Clear 3o'olf. 59 58 E 4 1 N.W. f.0. 1 0'04 2 Roche's Pt. 30•04 f 59 57 N.W. 2 2 S.E b.c. - 1 Penzance 30'01f. 62 57 E. 2 4 S.E. c.b. - 3 Plymouth - 1 Weymo nth 30'C.1. 59 '56 E.N.E. 3 ?8 E. b.c. - 3 Portsmo uth 30 . 05 f. 58 55 E. 2 2 E. c. - 1 London - - - C'peGrisNez 30'02f. 63 61 E.N.E. 4 5 N.E. c. - 3 Brest .... 59'91f. 66 61 E.S.E. 3 4 E. f. - 1 L'Orient' 29'93f. 63 - E. 4 4 E. b.c. - 1 Rochefort - 1 Biarritz .. 29'89f. 70 65 W. 3 - f. - 2 Corunna - - - - - - - - - - Brussels - - Paris - - - - - - - - - - Strasbourg - - - - - - - - - - Lyons Toulon - - - - - - - - - Heart's Con tent (6 a.m. local time) 3o'2ff. 52 51 S. 1 1 S. b. - 2 FRANCE. PARIS, Sept. 11. The announcement of the departure of the Em peror yesterday for Fontainbleau was premature. The Moniteur says his Majesty will only leave the Camp of Chalons to-day. The Moniteur of this morning contains an ac count of the review of the troops in the camp of Chalons held by the Emperor yesterday. His Majesty expressed to General Leboeuf his satisfac tion at the precision with which the evolutions of the troops had been executed. The Moniteur in its bulletin also says that the resignation of Signor Cadorna, and his temporary replacenient by Signor Cautelli, Minister of Public Works, do not indicate any notable change in the interior policy of the Italian Cabinet. BOURSE, Sept. 10.—Three o'clock.—The market closed as follows : 41- per Cent. End of month_ 3 per Cont End of mouth 7O 55 Credit Mobilier 280 End of month 2BB Credit Foncier 1437 Ead of month — - RAILWIC Bank Shares 3170 Ital'an Loan End of month_ Mexican Loan 23 50 Do. Bonds Spanish Threes „ _ Borne Debt Deferred _ Cash. Orleans Al orthern Lyons and Mediterranean Southern..., SBG Western Eastern • • Sardinian Austrian Lombard 415 North of Spain 54 Saragossa Roman 39i BANK OF FRANCE. PARIS, Sept. 10. The following is the return of the Bank of France for the week ending to-day, together with the cor responding figures of the previous account : Sept. 3. fr. c. 182,500,000 DEBTOR. Sept. 10. tr. c. Capital of the Bank—. 182,500,0 00 Profits in addition to capital (Art. 8, Law, June 9, 1857) 7,044,776 02 7,044,776 02 Reserve of the Bank and its branches 22,105,750 14 22,105,750 14 Reserve of landed pro perty 4,000,0 00 4,000,000 Notes in circulation Banknotes to order and receipts payable at sight 37,617,864 86 35,860,933 89 Treasury account cur rent creditor 189,329,241 88 159,166,836 09 Current accounts, Paris 403,960,942 9 415,0 ti t, 02 52 Do. branch banks 49,171,593 55,343,556 Dividends payable 1,437,508 1,503,264 Discounts and sundry interests Rediscounted the last six months Surplus of receipts not 703,152 42 distributed - Sundries 703,152 42 6 , 8 17,076 64 11,637,316 60 Sept. 1 8 0 8 . 3 75 1, 1,301,815, Total CREDITOR. 1,314,298,725 60 60 Cash in hand and in fr. c. fr. c 133,362 90 Commercial bills dis counted, Commercial neh b a n bills k s ***** over duo. ... not yet due 259,727,195 62 263,540,682 92 Do. branch banks 20 3 , 720,070 223,706,767 Advances on deposit of bullion Do. branch banks 9,138,300 Do. on French Public Securities 11,481,100 Do. by branch banks 6 ,7 71,310 Do. on railway shares and debentures Do. branch banks Do. on Credit Foncier 369,688 65 32,316,500 - 8;754;400 - 11,785,200 - 7,399,110 - 36,555,500 - 28;05000 -- 1,040,100 - 1,036,100 - 8 62,190 - 858;190 - Bonds Do. branches Do. to the State (Con vention, June 10, 1857) 60,000,000 Government Stock re servo 12,980,750 14 12,980,750 14 Do. disposable .. . Rentes Immobalisees (Law, June 2, 1857) 1C0,600,000 100,000,000 Hotel and furniture of the Bank and landed propel ty branches Expenses of manage ment 1,153,168 98 1,122,503 63 Sundries 60,000,000 -- 8,725,679 - Total Certified by the Senator - Governor of the Bank a France. (Signed) ROULAND. NEW LINE OF MAIL STEAMERS. Yesterday the largest of the steamers constructed for Brazil, and River Plate thenew Royal Mail Steamship te am ß s c h lg ip mm co , mpany was formally inaugurated at the Victoria Do c k s . M ore th an ordinary interest attached to the occasion owing to the fact that the Belgian Government has granted a subsidy to the line for the carriage of mails to the countries of South America. The vessel inspected for the first time yesterday is called the City de Rio de Janeiro. She is 285 feet long, 33 feet 6 inches broad, and 26 feet deep. Her engines are 300- horse power, and her registered tonnage is 1,600 tons. After the inspection of the steamer a luncheon was served in the grand saloon, at which Mr. Alderman Tait, Mayor of Limerick, and chairman of the company, presided. The usual and patriotic toasts having been duly honoured, the chairman proposed " Prosperity to Ireland." He said that, although the seutiment was one which was not ordinarily included in the list in England, he was sure those he was addressing would find his apology in the fact that the ship in which they had met was the offspring, so to speak, of Irish enter prise. He trusted that the day was not far distant when all distinctions of race and name would be forgotten, and when all the inhabitants of these islands would unite with one accord, with out jealousy or prejudice, to sustain the honour and dignity of the empi r e. In proposing the toast of " Success to the C om pany," be dwelt at length on the interest which the King of the Belgians and his Government had evinced in the progress of the enterprise. Though the countries of Southern America were at present in a state of convulsion, he hoped that the time was near when the plough share would pass over what was now the battlefield. The proceedings throughout were of a very enthu siastic character, and the visitors comprised a con siderable number of members of Parliament and other gentlemen interested in the success of the mercantile marine of Great Britain. THE LATE FIRE AT SOUTIIAMPTON.—The da mage done by the late extensive fire in the Southampton Docks is now estimated at £lO,OOO. The patterns of the Royal Mail ships and machinery which were destroyed by the fire were worth upwards of £20,000. The damage done to the sugar refinery will cost nearly £6,000 to repair. The Royal Mail Company's premises, with plant, were insured fcr £ll,OOO. A subscription has been Started to remunerate the pattern makers for the loss of their tools. Immediately after the tire the work of re oonbtructiOn commenced. EXPLANATION, Barometer corrected and reduced to a deg. a sea level. The letter r., rising ; f., falling ; s., steady—indicate direction of motion of the mercury within last 14 hours. Thermometer exposed in shade. Extreme Force with its Direction during last 24 hours. Z.—calm. Weather : b.—blue sky ; c.— clouds, detached ; f.—fog ; h.— hail; I.—lightning m.—misty. hazy ; o.—overcast, dull ; r.—rain ; s.— snow; I—thunder. Rain-fall, snow or bail (melted) during last 24 hours. Sea disturbance. REMARKS. A diminution in barometrical pressure of about two-tenths of an inch has taken place since yesterday in western and southern dis tricts, whilst at Nairn a slight rise is reported. Pressures over our islands are uniform, and are greatest in the N.: there is a difference of nearly three-tenths between readings at Nairn and Biarritz. Tem perature has generally increased. Yesterday the winds were light over these islands, and still continue so generally from the eastward. The weather is cloudy. Some rain has fallen on the Irish coast. The Paris correspondent of the Times is inclined to treat the probability of war rather seriously. The warlike diatribes and pacific protestations are of little value, but the writer thinks the ambiguous tactics of the French Government press must have some meaning. It would he easy for the Emperor to restore something like confidence by a change of tone in the official press, to say nothing of disarmament ; but nothing of this kind is done, the com munique and the avertissement remain unemployed. The belief in a winter campaign gains ground, for reasons we have before stated. The continued occupation of Rome is also considered an unfavourable symptom. If war benear at hand, it is obviously more convenient to leave the French troops where they are than to withdraw them and have to send a fresh expeditiona few months or weeks later. The writer justly cone'u 'es tiwt it is too late to gain the Italian people to the side of France by evacuating Rome. The war rumours so prevalent on the Continent just now, and the presence of the Emperor at the Camp of Chalons, lead the Times to estimate the chances of a conflict between the two great European Powers. So long as a nation's greatness may be gauged by hundreds of thousands of soldiers, France may easily look upon herself as placed at the head of Europe. But Prussia holds the superiority in being a nation of soldiers, and she feels so sure of her numerical advantages that she can allow her adversary a few points in the game, and can afford to temporarily reduce her army. But the dis position of her army corps and the great strength of her frontier fortresses remove every apprehension of a coup de main ; and in the anticipation of a more deliberate attack there would be no difficulty in filling up her ranks. With out casting in favour of either party, the Times concludes that war must be for France a game of desperate hazard. The Spectator, on the other I and, has also summed up the chances, and pronounces in favour of France. It is impossible to predict the issue of war, but the balance of material power is against Prussia. Her recent acquisitions have not enabled her to take rank with France. She is still inferior in territory and in population. Her army is equal to that of the Second Empire, but there is this difference—France has 600,000 regular soldiers now ready for the field ; Prussia but half that number. The recent subscription for the French Loan of 17 millions sterling, which pro duced many times the required amount, making allow ance for all speculation, &c., chews how vast is the latent strength of the Empire. There is, however, yet another side to the question. A war between these two Powers must almost certainly be caused by French aggression, and it is doubtful how the rest of Germany would regard the pas sage of the Rhine. Such an enterprise would be, at least, " a game of desperate hazard." The Italian Correspondence denies the statement of La France that the Government of Florence have submitted to France a new project of agreement between Italy and Rome, and, above all, that this project has been accom panied " with the request that it might be laid before the Roman Government." The Italian paper states that no further proposals of modus vivendi with Rome have been made by Italy. The Italian Correspondence adds that its Government has no guarantee to offer beyond those given by its present attitude. This journal is CO3* 04nd the organ of the Italip Cabinet GLOUCES7ER MUSICAL FESTI VA L. GLOUCESTER, Sept. 10. To-day the longest of all conceivable programmes of sacred music was gone through at the Cathedral, to the apparent satisfaction of those whose un flinching endurance enabled them to remain till the very last note. Nevertheless, that programmes chiefly composed of excerpts from various works, which have little or nothing in common, are by no means so generally attractive as programmes de voted to a single and complete oratorio, as happened yesterday and is to be the case to-morrow, was evi dent, the attendance being not nearly so large as on the day of Elijah. And yet the town is so full that it is difficult for new-comers to find suitable accommodation, while the weather continues superb. The performances commenced with a short but interesting selection of pieces from Spohr's third oratorio, Des Ileiland's letzte Standen (" Calvary," or " The Crucifixion," as we in England are variously accustomed to entitle it). Finished in 1835 (the same year as the Historical Symphony, and a year before Mendelssohn's Paulus), this oratorio was produced at Hesse Cassel, Spohr's habitual residence, when Concert-meister to the Elector. It was first performed in England in Sep tember, 1839, at the Festival of Norwich, where his other great oratorio, Die letzten Dinge,—or Ihe Last Judgment, as christened by the late Professor Taylor, who is also answerable for calling Die Weihe der Tone symphony, the " Power of Sound" —was already well known. Despite its great beauties and its lofty tone of sentiment, Calvary, like The Fall of Babylon, has not retained its hold upon the musical public of England, with whom 71w Last Judgment alone among Spohr's oratorios preserves in some degree its popularity. The reason of this is not, as some are inclined to argue, that the peculiar charm of Mendelssohn's music has for a time cast that of his predecessor, contemporary, and survivor into the shade ; it is to be sought for and found in the oratorios of Spohr themselves. Yesterday's selection, though made up of some of the most admired pieces iu Calvary, was quite enough for the purpose. True, every one of the five " numbers" chosen by Dr, Wesley was in slow time ; but the monotony thus created would hardly have been neutralised by the intermixture of just as many of the quicker movements, which for the greater part exhibit the same signs of labour and the same lack of spontaneity. Indeed Spohr never seems to have written with so little genial freedom as when engaged in the composition of his oratorios allowing, of course, for exceptions to the contrary in each, and for many and striking exceptions in The Last Judgment. Among those exceptions must in fair ness be cited the lovely and reposeful chorus, " Gentle night," interspersed with solos for soprano and bass (Mdlle. Titiens and Mr. Lewis Thomas), and the still more lovely soprano air; with chorus, "Though all thy friends prove faithless"—both of which formed part of the selection from Calvary, and the execution of the solo part, in the last of which by Mdlle. Titiens was absolutely perfect. So also, and perhaps in a scarcely less degree, the trio for women's voices, " Jesus, heavenly master" a smooth and masterly piece of vocal harmony, the delicate effect of which is enhanced by the violins having the mutes applied throughout the accompa niment. This trio was admirably given by the same lady, in association with Mdlle. Drasdil and Mde. Saiuton-Dolby. The other pieces from Calvary were the overture in C minor, as solemn and at the same time as uninteresting a piece of fugal writing as could readily be named, and the ingeniously worked out chorus, " Beloved Lord, Thine eyes we close," which brought the selection to an end. The effect of the whole, admitting that almost every one of the pieces is beautiful per se, was, nevertheless, a thought soporific. Dr. Wesley held the " baton." To the music from Calvary succeeded a very long selection from Herr Joseph Rodolph Schachner's oratorio, Israel's Return from Babylon, consisting of several choruses, airs, recitatives, &c., for soprano, contralto, tenor, and base, a duet for soprano and tenor, and two quartets with chorus, the last of which is also the last piece in the oratorio. That Israel's Return from Babylon has been twice given in London (at Exeter-hall), and once at the Wor cester Festival, those who are in the habit of watch ing the progress of musical vents can hardly have forgotten ; nor will they fail to bear in mind the opinions with regard to its claims to consider ation as a work of art which were pronounced with singular unanimity on each occasion. A fourth nearing of a considerable portion of the oratorio merely strengthened the impression left by the third, just as the third bad strengthened the impression left by the second, and the second had strength erred the impression left by the first ; nor is it at all probable that any number of hearings, under whatever circumstances administered, would serve to reverse, or even to modify, the opinions formed in the beginning. To enter upon any new critical examination of Herr Schachner's music would, therefore, be supererogatory. Enough to add that he himself wielded the conductor's stick ; that the greatest pains were taken alike by the members of the chorus and of the orchestra to do him all possible justice; and that the four leading singers —Mdlles. Titiens and Drasdil, Messrs. Vernon Rigby and Lewis Thomas—ac complished the tasks respectively assigned to them in a manner that would have given entire satisfaction to any composer, however difficult to satisfy. Mdlle. Titiens had more than enough to do, besides three long solos in immediate succession, a share both in the duet (the duet in canon," Hark ! 'tis the breeze") and in the two quartets being assigned to her ; but, like her companions, she passed triumphantly through the ordeal. The second part began with the splendid Lobge sang, or Hymn of Praise, which would have been tistened to with even more undivided satisfaction had there not been already two hours and a half of music, very much of it by no means of the lightest or most exhilarating. Dr. Wesley here once more sat in the conductor's chair, and on the whole may be complimented on a performance of Men delssohn's sir fonza cantanta— oue of three works of the kind which he had projected, and unhappily the only one he lived to accomplish—very far beyond the average. The four instrumental move ments, monuments of the great musician's genius as an orchestral writer, were admirably played, and in the cantata that ensues the members of the chorus, one and all, seemed to take real delight in their tasks, singing with a vigour, precision, and good will that brought the happiest results. The magnificent chorus, " The night is departing," the richly harmonised chorale, first in harmony, then in unison, with elaborate orchestral interludes, and the inspiriting final chorus, " Ye nations offer to the Lord glory and might," with its glorious sequel, " 0 give thanks to the Lord," the worthy climax to a noble work, were almost everything that could be desired. The solos were allotted to Mdlle. Liebhart, Miss Edith Wynne, and Mr. S. Reeves. Mdlle. Lieb uart gave the utmost satisfaction, alike in the air,. Praise thou the Lord" (tit pendant to " Jeru salem ! Jerusalem !" in St. Paul), the melodious duet, with chorus, " I waited for the Lord," one of the most beautiful things in a work that is beautiful from end to end; the duet with tenor, "My song shall alway be Thy mercy," and the unaccompa nied sentence, "The night is departing," which ushers in with such marvellous effect the grand chorus already named. In the first duet Mdlle. Liebhart was associated with Miss Edith Wynne, whose genuine and rare ability was entitled to a more important share than has been con fided to her in the week's proceedings, and in the second with Mr. Sims Reeves, whose singing, as usual with him in the Lobgesang, was of the highest order. Not to dwell upon the plaintive recitative and air, " He counteth all your sorrows," for which it would be impossible to conceive a more pathetic reading. It must suffice to refer to the air, " The sorrows of death had closed all around me," and the wonderfully sugges tive recitative to which it leads—" We called through the darkness, Watchman, will the night soon pass ?' "—as unrivalled examples of vocal de clamation. Mendelssohn has imagined nothing finer than this passage, nothing, if the phrase be not irrelevant in speaking of rallsio allied to a sacred theme, more dramatic - ; and he might have searched Europe in vain for a singer able, like Mr. Reeves, so thoroughly to grasp his idea, so eloquently and sympathetically to realise it. The Lobesang was followed by a selection from Handers oratorio, Samson, including so many pieces that it was nearly half-past five before the day's performances were over. Nearly six hours of music at one sitting is too much even for a musical fanatic—and this, too, with the prospect of three hours more, if a different sort of entertainment, it is true, but still again of music, in the evening ! The singers and players were to be pitied, and their hearers quite as much. Whether the extreme length of the programme may have ruffled the tempers of many of the benevolently inclined is a question worth considering, the more especially in asmuch as the whole collection at the doors of the Cathedral to-day amounted to no larger a stun than £BB ss. 7d. The miscellaneous concert in the Shire-hall to night, the illcssiali to-morrow, and the dress ball to-morrow evening will bring to an end a festival the results of which promise to be more harmless to the stewards than beneficial to the charity. Trani eirmbt HER MAJESTY. PARIS, Sept. 10. Queen Victoria arrived here thin morning at 20 minutes past ten. Her Majesty was received at the Eastern Rail way station by Lord Lyons. AN ASCEN7 IN THE GREAT. BALLOON. The preparations for the partial ascents of the great Captive Balloon at Ashburnham Park, near to Cremorne Gardens, were completed yesterday, an d several trial trips were made. The balloon is the largest ever constructed, and was yesterday th e admiration of a number of gentlemen interested is aeronautical science. The machinery to regulate the ascent is elaborate and complete, and such is the control exercised over the gigantic machine that she will be a great aid in the further development of meteorological science. After the apparatus ba d been thoroughly tested yesterday by Mr. Glaisbe r s of Greenwich, in company with Mr. W. Smit h ' civil engineer, and other gentlemen, a prelirei• nary ascent was made by the proprietor and masa' ger, and they having been again safely landed, th e preparation for the first general trial trip begall• At half-past four all was ready, and the company numbering thirty, among whom were Mr. Glaisher, his son (of Trinity College, Cambridge), Mr. W' Smith, three ladies, a little boy, two aeronauts, on e of the proprietors, the representatives of the pres s ' and others, took their places in the car, and as soo n as the signal " all right" was given the ascent be' gan, but with such a perfect steadiness of motion se to be totally imperceptible. But at last, as it rose above the height of the immense hoarding 1 0 ° 1 encloses the ground, the panorama of the raetro polis and the valley of the Thames buret upon the view. A stay was made for a eh° t time, about half the rope's length, it height of 1,000 feet. From this elevation the beauty of the immediate country was very striking' Subsequently the party ascended to a height of nearly 2,000 ft., and the scene became bolder an d more magnificent still. All at once a tremendot: shout of voices came from below, and burst t 1 1 3° . , the calm silence with which the ascent had been observed by the teeming thousands below. u t.o looking for the cause it was observed that, in the waving of hats, one of the party unfortuna tely dropped his, and away it went rolling over and ov er towards the earth, and a general race of thousau d . s . from the adjoining district was being made to scramble for it. Having remained up about half as hour, the signal was given, and the descent gas 0 made as gently and almost as imperceptibly as the ascent, the party having thoroughly enjoyed the ride without the slightest feeling or fear °f danger. It is already arranged that a series nI scientific experiments shall be made with the bal loon. The first of these will be made to-mor rnv afternoon by Mr. Glaisher, with a view of deter mining more precisely in what manner and under is , what circumstances the water in the air is d re persed. This, it appears, can now be done 10° 0 perfectly, as the apparatus for holding the bal l . n o , is so complete that it can be kept almost 1 111 : 41° re. less, and raised and lowered perfectly at P len t r ; The size of the balloon is ninety feet in diame" o - 00 it is almost spherical in shape, it holds 3 50, cubic feet of gas, and can lift eleven tOOO aro- The gas with which it is inflated is pure by gen. It is entirely made on the ground, in °le w er d closure, in thirty-six large retorts. It is eb t A n b y from vitriol and iron filings, then rarefi e ' ete r a water purifier, and passed into a large gayer ass capable of holding sufficient to fill the balloon..,tiog being thus pure hydrogen, it is capable of ni o. double the weight that ordinary coal gas w . oti she r Mr. Coxwell's large balloon, in which Mr. G lal oo ° made his ascent of seven miles height, be-- id 93) iv cubic feet. The weight of the present ballo °n ' l • f e eluding the car, the netting, and ropes, e-s clus le of the large rope by which it is drawn d °W ivee n three tons and a half. The pressure is bet The five and six pounds to the square foot' it is balloon is inflated from the top, so th a se eo, perfectly full, and not a wrinkle is to oe t he the mode of filling from the top preVenting,,o, air from getting between the W, ga s and th e and thus is avoided that bagginess Vij3l ; ales .A. caused by inflation from the bottom. se feature peculiar is that the valve is self-aeti no Ter ' that if it rises to a certain height or comes thon nu", t he certain pressure it would descend, even . co n aeronaut, through an extreme altitude, l os t hie. ' sciousness. The car is also admirably c oneVO being in shape like a circular galley With r op e is hole in the centre, through which the large 00g passed, and made fast at one end to the : e a to ta t. o : o t he ropes of the netting. The other end is at when cylinder, round which it is wound, and NY; by a signal for descent is given it is worked rotie .e .ci,_ W. n , ic it . 200-horse power engine. The hoarding 6 fee circles the works is of immense height , and in circumference. . CHRIST'S HOSPITAL.—OnTiae2Ist ins t., 'lv Matthew's sF S t t er . elleoptw,ro ocef will att w en he d re Divine Service at Christ Church, I - S. the orationesciPdeaemlsiermon will be preached by the g eT. , WS Polehampton, M.A , Rector of Bllel, Lancashire, a . oa . bo y annual speechesi: ti l l ual t 0 n i to: t b vh r ee o r k egd e r eab ty hallCollege, the 80 ef O nci x oh f r o r sir Christ's so 1 su A r s ,o f s t e p r i t a t i ll t 0 i i ie:. .r Hospitanclsu,-;accordiati; ,; ‘ ,ll ory RG.r We e k.TLheef oration,ol ! following w, Mesurier,i i o ng as i tt s hh eth benefits p Grecian;rog r a inantgbe:t : tion, a the same subject, C. A. Stokes, Ist areso,l3 L o a re ti:n ia o o n r Con, on the same subject, A. G. A. Bobartai. S. ! French oration, on the same subject', t oo Biden, 2d Grecian. The following translations i OO English Henry poets will then be recited :--Greek farabiooll.l.o* "Battle VI., B. H. Roe, 6th Grecian; Latin 04,1,11',01c Hexameters,` a tt . leofLinden" A. L. Smith, th Grecian; G res Latin Carter, i a poem, e m G G , r i e n r eh p e o ke G c l it M. Field, 11th Grecian. S Gr P ec P.hl" 1111 t l' ac) L•nel Grecian Burialyrai Elegiacs, t e ; i aoa ' ' ndF . j Aou Latinf..s,dT adjudged. ,dee:Ar ß . cDemat n yiw. t ics i n e si nAi r la , i.s: .., "Saul dBalsstkohaoitidGb rsae r al e . sv c sv it i : a eo l o l dh iir i l s:::s t y i ii: LORD N etcivltteesnteliena.gle(LioohridanNitapliilewr Railway, , M a a n g a d t a i l l a el a ic r e ri v p e r d oc The freedom of the city of E dinburgh l ' conferred on his lordship on 11rednesday next. the GBEENIVICH REvisioN.---Mr. Hugh barrister appointed for that purpose, Covi r i e, ., for the wick revision of the voters' lists for the borough Of u s t he .11 on Wednesday next. The borough comPrisevepto parishes of Greenwich ; St. Paul and St. Nicholas; or ford; Woolwich, Charlton, and Plumstead. In ° t ot i e ll ec e d d ill to bt11) :! 11 : ' 0 141° (pence of the addition to the bouWnily li , o t ld h 6 0 c g i: e ke o e l l". increase will be in the parish of Plurastoad, and t l ' e stituency will probably number about 15,000 votes. pest, WEST KENT REGISTRATION.—gr. Wr. Al• , st t4 the barrister appointed for that purpose, will hold 7 0 1. for the revision of the voters' lists for West gent C lows :—Greenwich, Monday, 12th Septomber; Leviglevoa" 16th ; Lee, 18th ; Forest Hill, 21 ; Bron3ey, 23a ; ' OO /r , oaks, 25th ; Dartford, 28th ; Woolwich, 30th l ° lid. bridge, 2cl of October. J _...-..--- ,Je