The Sun. — London, England, 1851-02-12 00:00:00

GERMAN V The Landtag of the Grand Duchy of Baden was clonal on the 4th by Baron von Marschall, the Minister of the Interior, with the following address : " Hid Royal Highness the Grand Duke has charged me - to express the regret he feels at being prevented by illness from appearing before you, as it would have given him the greatest pleasure to have completed in person the task begun with courage and goodwill, continued with perseverance and mutual confidence, and completed lc the spirit of unity and peace—and thus fitly recog milled your beneficial labours for the prosperity of the eauntry. " It has, indeed, been impossible so soon to obliterate all the eonsequenoes and traces of the time of disorder; the fortune of men and the welfare of states are more easily destroyed than founded anew; principles of morals and religion are more easily undermined than re-estab lished again. But the path of improvement has been entered upon, and if it is pursued with zeal, firmness, and unity, the future may be looked forward to with eonfidence. " The support you have given the Government, and the spirit of justice and moderation which has animated your proceedings, have already reacted favourably on public opinion, and his Royal Highness sees, with great satisfaction, that i after the late deep agitation a calmer and more settled state of affairs begins to prevail, with that respect f ox' the law and recognition of th e higher moral power of the civil order of the State, to support which is the duty and condition of individual as well as of general prosperity. " feel thankful that by your assent to the nuinerous Bills laid before you, you have given strength to order and l ega lity, reg ulated the public, ex penditure, raised general confidence, produced a more favourable condition of commercial affairs, and thereby in so many branches increased the general welfare. The people will be especially grateful to you for having, without *lcing the rights and the essence of a rational free dela, given the. means of acting energetically against the abuse of liberty, and of exercising the public autho rity with effect. " His Royal Highness can therefore so much the more capeet from every organ of the administration of the state, that, strengthened by these laws, they will con seientiousirp discharge their duty, by p u tti ng th em i nto operation, impressed with th e conv i ct i on that only when united with proper firmness can a real good will towards all be rendered of any activity. " Baden, united and strengthened within, and rely ing on the newly created armed power, will take the place which the confidence of the German nation and fbe respect of other states secure to it. " Gentlemen, you return after your completed and saccess!'ul labours to your homes. The best wishes of our Prince accompany you. You will continue to act among your fellow-citizens in the same spirit in which you have worked here. The blessings of Providence will not be refused to the united exertions we dedicate to the happiness of our native land. " By the authority of the Archduke I declare the Landtkkg closed." DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. A letter from Copenhagen of the 3d . says— " Yesterday morning the beating of drums and salvos of artillery greeted the troops returning from the duchy of Schleswig. At the Western Gate, which was orna mented with flap and trophies, they were met by the Prinee, who is heir presumptive to the throne, the mu nicipality, the staff of the national guard, &c., and a great crowd of people shouting for the King and the brave Danish army. The troops then proceeded to the triumphal arch erected to their honour in the old market place. The King waited for them there and st:;dre.tsed them thus—' The whole nation unites with me in praising your patriotism, fidelity, courage, and indomitable perseverance.' These words called forth bhunts of Frederick VII. for ever! "Long live the King!' The King then passed them in eview, and afterwards led them to a banquet prepared for therm in the riding-school of the palace of Chris tiaiwborg, the largest establishment of the kind in Euro,pe. After the banquet, three toasts were drunk— one to the King, proposed by the president of the muni- Sip Aity; a second to the army, proposed by the King himself ; and a third to the country, proposed by the President of the Council of Ministers. Each of these toasts was saluted by a flourish of trumpets and a salvo of artillery. After this, the King walked round to every table, and spoke to several of the private sol diers. He then saluted them all in an affectionate man ner, and withdrew amidst shouts of ' Long live the Xing !' from every part of the vast banqueting-room." AGRICULTURE AND CURRENCY. , (From the Journal of Industry.) The state of agriculture in this country is now that which Adam Smith defines as " misery," vic e s state of " low prices and scarcity." The yield is found, for the most part to be decidedly defective, while the average price of wheat for the week ending 17th of January, was 38s. id. a quarter. Now when it is remembered that 1,200,000 men are engaged in agricultural pursuits in Groat Britain, the depressed condi tion of so large a class becomes a most sessions consideration to the country at large. Their distressed state must necessarily react on trade and the manufacturing interest. But, independently et this, it is impossible to regard the increasing depres sion of the once powerful agricultural body without feelings of deep concern. The land was originally the snares of the mation's wealth. The Barons of Runny mede were the representatives of the landed interest of their day. The country party has again and again stood forth to protect the rights and liberties of the peo ple of England. And what are the present prospects of tke country party? " Already," said Sir James Gra ham, in 1825, " Mr. Peel's Bill has occasioned an im mense transfer of property." " Estates, which have been held from generation to generation in the same family, are rapidly changing owners; and as the country gentle man retires, the fundholder advances. Both the nobility and gentry - must fall from their high estate under the operation of this Act; their reduced rental must be absorbed in the necessary outgoings, and fixed charges on their property, and nothing will be left to sustain the dignity of their rank and station. The occasional expansions of the circulating medium which Government has suc tioned and encouraged, whereby a temporary prosperity has visited all interests, and the ingenuity with which the mercantile class has availed itself of commercial money to supply the place of coin and bank notes, together with the partial advantage derived from the corn-laws have en abhei the agricultural interest to delay the evil. But the neeessieitek of our vast population have now exposed the agrioulturists to the competion of the world, and that evil day ish fast - approaching. With mortgages, and in cumbrances fixed in money payments under a high scale of prices, the landowner must gradually sink under the burden. Lord Brougham has correctly defined what is meant by the ruin of the landed interest,—an expression which is often treated with derision. It is not, he says, that " the proprietors would be destroyed, that the land would become sterile, or sink into the sea, and the owners be exterminated. No : what is to be understood by the ruin of a great class, and by the destruction of the most commanding interest in the country, is shortly this : a change of property; much individual misery ; the whole reladone of that class to the rest of society, and of its members to each other, destroyed, Such may be caned the destruction of a class ; when it happens to a community, it becomes the destruction of a state." Already the middle class of agriculturists, the tenant farmers, are "king under the pressure of the monetary system. Many of the smaller farmers are already ruined, many more are on the verge of ruin, and the most pru dent, successful, and enterprising portion of the body— nela of slrill, capital, and energy—are witnessing the pro visions made for their families dwindling away, their capital depreciating, and the fair remuneration of their labour annihilated. And the pressure is reaching also that more numerous class, whose lot it is to labour for their daily bread. The winter has, so far, been favourable to this class. The farmers, much to their credit, have, for the most part, manifested an unwillingness to lower their wages. Food has been cheap, fuel has not been en urgent a necessary of life, as usual at this period. But is it possible to imagine that the agricultural labourer will not speedily ex perience the ill effects of the ruin which is seizing on his employer? landlord, tenant, and labourer, must, if the present, system continues, be involved in the same severe distress. Now this is the time to consider, calmly and deliberately, what should be done for the agricultural body, and also what should be done by them. - We sa y that t h e existing depres sion calla foe immediate relief, as far as it is practicable. The severe depression of any large class of the community should never be regarded by a statesman with indifference. Where distress cannot h* Prevented, it should be relieved ; where suffering can -10 be remedied it should be mitigated. That hard leaerted abuse of the principles of political economy, which l eaves a class to "find its level," though that level be the dust; and proclaims that our fellowmen,whose errors or mistake of judgment have brought them to distress, are to be left to r the punishment of nature," is abhorrent aiike to row:alio- , religion , and common sense. But where a large, il aPhetant, producing : class is struggling agstiost tile effects of laws which have reduced the p uc e of their produce to an extant never contem plated, and at the same time increased the vetght of their mortgages, inc ura b rances, taxes, rents, and all money payments, they' arejutly laimeeiate reli e f i s what ihesy-wanetn; titled to relief. and all practicable relief by lessening the heavie s t bur dens oe land, the land tax, the hop duty (a g rievous tax), all ratesunduly pressing o n land, and by causing all the payments which coma against the land to undergo a careful revision, should be effected. g Bit let the ragriculurai body be assured that all such relief, however it may alleviate p r esent sufferin g , i s a m' - re x t e e tier t•, •is not the remedy. The l aws which e have ereught teem to their present coudithes, avid which terearen them with worse conseq uences, which the la te Sir are the roatetary bee; Robert Peel established. .To these laws are owing repeeted peri+el® of lc , piTs , ..ii,rl which, With productive daty 'first up t,805. a quarter, then down 70 h, to 64e., cod to 56.aShave visited them, in com wlth all the industrious interests of the country, do rig the last tnirtv yonrs. These money laws were the immediate cause of the corn-laws being, at last, r pealed. They r:ridir a' return to protection impos sible. And these:. law's; as the wants Of an increasing population become more urgent, will, when com mercial and , me/lulu:luring depression are added -113 a " ed thi 'Y bh, when the " cycle" brings their arrival—seiil proince changes, fineneial, and political, greater 'than any wiehave yet seem If the ageiculeurel body wish to save themselves they must learn to under end the true cause of their suffering; they must do more—they must combine and unite, they must exhibit that determined energy of purpose, that abrogation of selfish and 'personal feelines, with out which even a good cause cannot prosper. They THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, muse give tim7, m^nny, ancl ir.fltrnee fn r+tain retiree and above all, they must make common cause with all the other great producing interests. Bad money laws have injured the merchant, the trader, the manufacturer, the landowner, and the farmer. The poor operative, and the day labourer have again and again suffered all that humanity can endure from privation and misery. Let the landed aristocracy of England stand forward, not to fight for their class interests, but to contend for the general weal. What has immortalized the Barons of the great charter, and the Great Charter itself? It is this. They asserted the rights and liberties, and assured the property and interests of all classes of their fellow-countrymen. " The Barons," says Sir James Mackintosh, " showed no indifference to the in ferior classes; for in their articles they require a Parlia mentary consent to the tallages of London and all other towns, as much as to the aid and scutages which fall upon themselves." That charter provided for the welfare of noble, merchant, free-man, and serf. "W e s h a ll sell, delay, or deny justice to none." The Barons were strong in right, and strong in right will that body again be when they stand forth to rescue all th e i n d ustr i ous c l asses of the community from a system which is the common enemy of all. JOHN TWELLS. Perlethorpe, Notts. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Current, Feb. 11.) Suoaa.—To-day there was more disposition evinced to operate in West India Sugar ; importers are also firmer, and obtained rates fully equal to those of Friday for both grocery and refining qualities; of Barbadees 169 hhds 19 trcs were sold at full prices, fine yellow realizing 43s 6d to 445, aad common to good 40s 6d to 435. The total purchases were 620 hhda and trcs. At auction 48 hhds 12 trcs 47 brls St. Kitts were sold at 38s 6d to 403 6d for ord and good mid yellow, and at 37s to 39s for washed. REFINED.—To-day Refined goods were operated in with caution for home trade purposes, and prices are rather lower, ruling at 48s 6d to 49s for brown lumps. The market for crushed Sugar has a dull tone, with free sellers at former rates. MAHRITIIIS.—This afternoon the biddings were brisker at a public sale of 2,473 bags, and full rates were ob tained, fine yellow selling at 41s to 425, other sorts 37s to 40s, and good to fine brown 35s 6d to 363 6d. EAST INDIA.—This afternoon Bengal Sugar was more in demand, and realized last week's rates ; at auction 3,999 bags were mostly disposed of—good to fine grainy yellow went at 41s to 44s 6d, mid 38s 6d to 40s, good white Benares 43s 6d to 445, mid and good mid 41s 6d to 42s 6d. Of Madras 1,213 bags were, however, only in part sold at the former value—low mid soft yellow went at 30s to 335, and good to fine 34s to 38s. FOREIGN.—To-day there was no public sale of Foreign Sugar, and privately the business concluded was small for all purposes, but holders refused to sell under the rates of last week. MOLASSES.—Since our last report, operations have been upon a limited scale in all sorts, still lower rates are not accepted, supply being small. The value of West India is from 15s to 17s for low to fine; Cuba and Porto Rico 15s to 17s, Mauritius and Bengal 12s to 14a per cwt. COCOA.—In consequence of easier rates having been acceded to for foreign, operations have been upon a more extended scale by private treaty; Guayaquil at 325, Bahia and Para 30s to 30s 6d per cwt. British Plantation is not cheaper, the supply being yet small, but dealers have operated with caution; Trinidad at from 48s to 503, and Grenada 43s to 48s per cwt. COFFEE.—To-day rather lower rates being accepted for Native Ceylon Coffee, occasioned a f a i r b us i ness to be concluded by private treaty. At auction 1,733 bags were chiefly sold at 47s to 47s 6d for good ordinary; a part was taken in at 50s for superior quality. Of Plan tation several parcels sold privately at toll terms. Costa Rica is wanted, and 150 bags realized 51s to 52s .6d for good and fine ordinary. TEA.—Although Congou is offering rather under pre vious rates dealers operate with reluctance. The value of common and good ord is lid to 1 lid, medium is to Is Oid, and better sorts is ld to Is 9d per lb. The lower kinds are now least in request. Fur Green the market has a dull appearance. Scented and Pekoe Teas can be obtained rather under previous terms, and few buyers are to be met with. Of 12,000 pkgs offered at auction on Wednesday, only 2,000 found buyers. RICE.—For the hest white descriptions of East India, a good demand exists fur :cleaning purposes, and full rates are paid. All other sorts are, however operated in with caution by shippers and home dealers, although offered rather under previous terms. At auction 4,762 bags Madras all sold at 9s 6d to 10s per cwt for good clean white Bengal grain; but of 6,604 bags pinky not above half found buyers at from 7s 6d to 9s for low to good; of 1,800 bags Bengal a part sold at 10a to Ils 6cl for mid to fine white. By private treaty there are sellers of Cargo and Pearl Barley at 8s per cwt, but few buyers are to be met with. Of cleaned Patna large parcels have been sold at lis to 18s for low to fine ; and there is a fair business doing in town dressed Carolina at 20s to 265; and American at 18s to 19s per cwt. In Sago sales are upon a more extended scale at 19s to 21s for small Pearl; and Sago Flour at 14s 6d to las. Ta pioca has been dealt in with more freedom at 4d to sd, but for Arrowroot the demand has been limited. Bar badoes is to la 6d, other sorts of West India 3d to 10d, and East India at 2d to 4d. SPICES.—To-day at public auction 31 bgs of Pimento sold at 44d to 4d for ord, and at 5d for mid; 16 bgs Madras Ginger at 35s for sound; but 200 bgs pod Pepper were withdrawn. Sprarrs.—Leeward Island is held for is 8d to is 9d proof . , the supply continuing small; at the same time there are few buyers. East India has been in good re quest, in consequence of is 6d to is bid being accepted. We quote plain and mid quality 30s to 33s per cent over proof at 2s 8d to 3s, good to fine 33 to 38 over 3s 2d to 4s6d but only limited transactions have taken place. There con tinues to be a good demand for Demerara from 2s 6d to 2s 10d for 30 to 40 per cent over proof. Brandy —Cognac, best brands of the vintage' of 1850, at 4s 4d to 4s 6d, 1849 ditto, 4s 7d to 4s 9d, 1848 ditto, 4s 9d to 4s 11d, and inferior sorts 3. to 3s 4d. Geneva is is 7d to is Bd, fine is 9d to 2s. British made Spirit is yet 9s 8d to 9s 9d, and Gin 8s 3d for 22 per cent under proof. IriniGo.—The quantity declared for sale was 11,683 chts in the A, and 4,730 iu the B catalogue; total 16,413 chts; of which 2,247 have not been printed, leaving the quantity to be brought forward 14,166 chts. During the progress of the sale 427 chts have beer. withdrawn. 1,180 chts (including 427 withdrawn) have passed the sale this day. There was but a small attend ance of either home or foreign buyers, and the orders generally appear to be very limited. COCHINEAL.—On the part of holders there is more firmness, and none has been submitted to public sale since this day week. Privately a fair business has been concluded; Honduras, silvers 3s 6d to 4s, black 3s 8d to 4s 8d; Mexican, silvers 3s 5d to 3s 7d, black 3s 8d to 3s 10d, and Teneriffe 3s 7d to 4s 4d per lb. For auction the quantity declared is small. TALLOW.—An active demand has been experienced for Russian on the spot, with much firmness on the part of holders. For fine new Yellow Candle the rates obtained have been 38s to 38s 6d per cwt. Several contracts were entered into for delivery in the next two months at 37s ed to 38s for new. The rates demanded are 39a to 39s 3d for last three months of the year, but little desire is at present evinced to operate. Town melted is still quoted at 37s net cash. In other sorts of Tallow larger purchases have been made, and at firm rates. At auction 1,250 casks Australian were nearly all sold at from 33s 9d to 37s 9d; 400 pkgs South Ame rican 355 6d to 38s; 800 casks wrecked Petersburgh Yellow Candle 36s 3d to 37s 3d per cwt. For public sale 1,400 pkgs are declared. Ort.s.—This afternoon at auction 93 cks Cocoa Nut Oil from Tahiti were sold at 25s to 27s 6d per cwt. Of 120 tuns Sperm Oil a small party only sold at 851 to 851 103 per tun for first sort. NEW STRAND THEATRE.—We are glad to find ,hat the extensive alterations and improvements which have for some time been in progress at the New Strand Theatre, being now completed, this pretty " cabinet" will be opened early next month by Mr. Copeland, of the Theatres Royal and Amphitheatre, Liverpool, who has become the lessee, Among other important improvements, a new gallery stair case has been erected, the entrance to which is in Surrey street. This will be a valuable " godsend" to the " deities?' The company will be most talented and select, and the per formances of a very novel and striking character. THE LATE FATAL COLLISIONS IN THE FIRTH OF CLYDE.—GLASGOW, SnIMAY EVENING.—It has now been definitively ascertained that the craw of the Laurel, which vessel was ran down by the Thistle steamer on Tuesday night, numbered fifteen souls. There was also a gentleman passenger —thus making sixteen in all who have perished by this unhappy catastrophe, after having braved all the win ter storms of the Atlantic, and when within three hours' sail of the close of their voyage. A dressing-case, belong ing to the passenger containing the miniature of a lady, has been cast ashore. The name of this gentleman is believed to be Bradford, from Demerara. The name of the captain of the Laurel is Livingstone, not Dalrymple, as formerly reported. Little of the wreck has been cast ashore since Thursday, and none of the bodies, in consequence of the wind having changed, and being likely to surge them down the channel. In the opinion of nautical men, who have seen the wreck of the Laurel's stern, the frightful onset of the steamer must have cut the brig quite open, and gone right over her, sending her to the bottom almost instantaneously. It is presumed that the Laurel had been lying to at the time, waiting for the morning light to run up to Greenock. The name of the captain of the Eleanor, run down on the same night by the Vanguard steamer, was Kewley, a respectable As the night was wild he had not retired to at the cabin fire with his clothes on The three men en the watch t n s sinking, schooner.kin g, she put ir h u e n p w o m n ha rest,der 1 l e b c atu k ght en s wd a n v a sos e ls d l :ssi t it h ot themselves sitting s n e n i k v epsl place. ° getting on board the steamer; sbtuetama andcry arising men s, and Captain separated th from m the h the w latter rec k w n a f s with him were on deck waving Kewley with the two men last seen, the Eleanor was on her . bea d lanterns to attract attention. As no tidings have been heard of I.er along the coast, she has undoubtedly gone down, and the three men have perished. The Eleanor was 10,5 tons, and belonged to Whitehaven. The survivors admit that they put the helm to " starboard" instead of to " port," according to the Admiralty regulations; and thus the vessel and lives were lost by their own negligence, for the Van guard was seen ten minutes before she came down upon them. The sheriffs' authorities at Glasgow are making an inv estigation into the ca t astrophe of the Laurel, but, as yet, t nltieewy hofavtheelesatrenaemder gnotahviengtnbeemyr nor dth is i the imperfect accountlyer l f i e k zettneytrillil the l ever learn more. The Lyons paper states that, during the whole of Sunday last, the rain fell in torrents, which, added to the snow which had melted on the mountains, had caused the Rhone to rise considerably. The Saone has also risen in such a manner as to cause considerable anxiety. At St. Etienne, the waters of the Furens had swollen so much that all the shops in that part of the town, which suffered so much in July, 1849, had been closed, and the property re moved. Detachments of dragoons have been stationed along the banks, both above and below the town, in order to render assistance where necessary. The Chavanelet, which is usu ally nothing more than a small stream, overflowed its banks, and washed down three houses. No lives were lost. TYrP7RT AL PARLIAYIFNT. HOUSE OF LORDS, Feb. 11. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his cent on the Wool sack at Five o'clock. PAPAL AGGRESSION. Lord ABINGER presented a petition from the county of Surrey against the Papal aggression. He thought the Government ought to put the existing laws into force before bringing forward any measure in Parliament. He complained of the inefficieney of the Govern ment measure, more particularly of that portion of it which prevented these bishops from administering to property left to the Roman Catholic Church, a provi sion which might be easily evaded. He thought that some measure ought to be adopted to put a stop to the great Roman Catholic conspiracy by preventing the monastic orders from exercising any power. In Poland a Roman Catholic ministry had, after the Re formation, been enabled by their episcopal and mo nastic organization to oppress and persecute the ma jority, which majority consisted of members of the Greek and Lutheran Churches. They had gone on until a civil war broke out, and then the Roman Catholics ap pealed to foreign powers for assistance; and the re sult had been the destruction of the free king.. dom of Poland, and the partition of the country; and if by a culpable neglect the Roman Catholics were enabled to carry out their ambitious designs in this country who could say what might be the result? Should the Roman Catholics be enabled to return some hundred Members to the House of Commons what would not be their power as a balancing body acting always together. They might command the majority. It was said that Roman Catholic priests were poor; but great conspiracies had from their very secresy great power. Let them remember that at the Reformation two-thirds of the property of the kingdom was in the hands of the Roman Catholics, and yet by energy the Reformation was carried. The Roman Ca tholic priests were endeavouring to induce girls pos sessed of property to become nuns, and thus they sought to possess themselves of the property of the kingdom. They had seen at their bar a counsel pleading that a nunnery was entitled to property which under ordinary circumstances would have been the property of the nun, bat which the father had declared should not be the property of any of his children who should become mem bers of a religious order. Several other instances had occurred lately in which the Roman Catholic priests had endeavoured to deprive persons of their property. They had subjected persons of their religion to macerations until their minds should be reduced completely under the power of the priests. In one case in which the Jesuits had prosecuted for the recovery of property they lied given 10,0001. to compromise the case. What must have been the dark features of that case which the Jesuits would wish to keep from the public eye, (ven by the payment of 10,0001.1 In another case a Roman Catholic priest had expended 4,0001. of trust money, and had refused to give any account. In monasteries persons were kept in imprisonment. They had inspectors of prisons and of lunatic asylums, and they ought to have inspectors of nunneries and monasteries, to prevent unfortunate per sms from being confined in those places who might desire to be set at liberty. They required a vigorous police over monasteries, nunneries, and monks. By the Emancipation Act they were to have registers of nuns and monks; no such register had been kept, nor had any registrars been appointed. Jesuits were prohibited from entering England, and yet they swarmed. He thought that personal property should be included in the statute of murimain, which, prevents the Roman Catholic religion from being en dowed. The intrusion of priests ink) our houses for the abduction of our daughters, of our wives, and of the ob taining of death-bed legacies, by working on the fears of the dying, should be prevented. Tho Noble Lord at the bed of the Government had, by what he had already done, excited the undying enmity of many implacable enemies, and he hoped he would carry out the work he had begun. The Earl of HARR° W BY presented several petitions against the Papal aggression. - Lord WODEIIdifSE presented several petitions to he same effect. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE laid certain returns on the table. COUNTY COURTS BILL. Lord BROUGHAM gave notice that he should move the second reading of this Bill pro forms on Thursday, in order to introduce certain alterations in it. RAILWAYS IN NORTH AMERICA. Lord MONTEAGLE, pursuant to notice, presented a petition from New Brunswick, praying that facilities should be given for the construction of railways in British North America. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Feb 11. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. Mr.,HATCHELL, the new Attorney-General for Ire. land, took the oaths and his seat for Windsor. PRIVATE BILLS. The following Bills were then read a second time and ordered to be committed:— . Appleby, Kendal, Kirkby Stephen, and Market Brough Turnpike Road. Bangor and Caernarvon Railway. Birkenhead Docks (Further Powers to Birkenhead Dock Company, lee.) Bristol and Exeter Railway. Cheltenham and Gloucester District Turnpike Road. Cheltenham and Painawick Road. Dee Standard Restoration. Dewsbury Gas. Downham Market, &c., Drainage. East London Waterworks. Eastern Union Railway. Great Central Gas Consumers Company. Great Southern and Western Railway. Great Malvern Improvement, Police, Sewers, Waterworks Gas, and Markets. Halesworth, Beccles, and Haddiscoe Railway. Harwich Improvement, Quays, and Pier. Hartlepool Pier and Port (Consolidation of Acts, &c.) Hereford, Ross, and Gloucester Railway. Holyhead Railway or Tramway. Itchen Bridge and Roads. Laird's Patent. Leicester Waterworks. Leicester Sewerage. Liverpool Docks (Amendment of Acts, &e.) Midland Railway (Regulation and Increase of Capital, &c.) Midland Railway (Extension of Time, &c.) Winthrop and Levens Turnpike Road. Newark-upon-Trent Improvement and Market. North and South-Western Junction Railway. North Shields Quays and Improvements. Ouseburn Bridge and Approaches in Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Price's Patent Candle Company. Reading Waterworks. Reading Cemetery Company. Regent's Canal Company. Saint Patrick's Cathedral (Dublin). Scarborough Gas. Sheffield, Rotherham, Barnsley, Wakefield, Huddersfield, and Goole Railway. South Devon Railway (No. 1). South Devon Railway (No. 2). Sunderland Improvement. Taw Vale Railway and Dock. Trinity College (Dublin). Waveney Valley Railway. York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway (Branch to West Durham Railway, &c.) York, Newcastle, and Berwick Railway (Abandonment of part of Bishop Auckland Branch, &c.) Sir J. Y. BULLER preseeted petitions from several places in Devonshire complaining of agricultural distress. Mr. F. O'CONNOR presented several petitions from Lancashire praying for a repeal of the window-tax. Lord C. MANNERS presented two petitions from Leicestershire, one against the Papal aggression, and the other praying for the repeal of the malt. t ax. Lord G. MANNERS presented a petition from a place in Cambridgeshire praying for the establishment of county financial boards. Lord HOTHAM presented petitions from the East Riding of Yorkshire complaining of agricultural distress, and praying the House to take steps to remove it. Mr. SPOONER presented a petition to the same effect from Worcestershire. Mr. PLUMPTRE presented a petition from Kent against the Papal aggression. Mr. BOOKER presented a petition from Glamorgan shire complaining of agricultural distress. Mr. REYNOLDS presented a petition from St. Michael's, Dublin, against the Government measure for resisting the Papal aggression; a petition from Ros common praying for a new and equal valuation under the poor-law; a petition from the letter-press printers of Dublin praying for the total repeal of the duty on paper; and a petition to the same effect from the pub lishers and stationers of Dublin. Mr. CHRISTOPHER presented a petition from Lin colnshire complaining of agricultural distress. Mr. LUSHINGTON presented a petition from St. James's, Westminster, praying for the repeal of the window-tax. Mr. D'EYNCOURT presented a petition to the same effect from Lambeth. Mr. WILLIAMS presented a similar petition from Marylebone. Mr. HUME presented a large number of petitions from various places praying for the repeal of the taxes on knowledge. Mr. GEORGE BANKES presented petitions from several places in Dorsetshire complaining of the opera tion of free trade. The petitioners stated that they were subject to highway rates, poor rates, and all the other obligations t o w hi c h l and was liable, and that they enjoyed none of the benefits of free trade ; and, therefore, petitioned that they might be exempt from the disadvantages of which those who enjoyed its benefits were ignorant. Mr. Herries, Lord March, and several other Members presented petitions to the same effect. Sir R. INGLIS presented several petitions to enforce measures against the Papal aggression. The Attorney-General, Mr. Alderman Humphery, and Lord Duncan presented petitions from several places against the window tax. CEYLON. Mr. lIU.ME gave notice that ho should on this dy oratight hrittg the affairs of Ceylon before the House. PUSEYISM IN THE CU URCH. Sir B. HALL wive notice that, on Friday next, he would ask whether it was the intention of her Majesty's Government to introduce a measure this session, to pre y( nt the introducti-41 of Roman Catholic forms into the Established Church; and, alb°, that it was his intention to call the attention of the House to certain representa tions made, and to the memorial presented to the Bishop of London, by the inhabitants of Marylebone, core eßrormtaceni2itliirt Li.otemßLhitcp.the Church, and of f l a thein i n a g n os answer THE CUSTOMS.' Mr. MACGREGOR postponed his motion for an in. quiry into the appointment of a solicitor to the Customs until this day f,rrnight. THE MARBLE ARCEL Colonel SIBTHORP asked the Noble Lord, the Com. missioner of her Majesty's Woods and Forests, whether he could state to the House what further time would be re onirea for the erection of the marble arch et Cumber etei.,?,eite, and wee,her lie coeid assure Lll6 iLLUIC that I the 4,0561. voted by Parliament last cession would be . sufficient to cover the whole expense of placing it in that position where it was never expected to be placed, and where it would greatly inconvenience the public ? Lord SEYMOUR replied that the erection of the arch would be completed by the Ist of May, and that the estimate would not be exceeded. CAPE OF GOOD HOPE. Mr. ADDERLEY asked the Under-Secretary of State for the Colonies, whether he intended to lay on the table of the House the correspondence which had passed between himself and the Governor of the Cape, subsequently to the receipt in that colony of the Orders in Council, empowering the go vernor and his legislative council to frame a representa tive constitution ; and whether a petition had been transmitted to her Majesty from the inhabitants of Cape Town and other places in South Africa, praying her Majesty's sanction to the heads of a constitution em bodied in that petition. Mr. HAWES said that the correspondence in question would be laid before the House as soon as possible, but at present it would be highly inconvenient. With re gard to the petition, he might say that it was only on Saturday that they it been received. CEYLON COMMISSION. Mr. BAILLIE rose to ask the Under-Secretary of the Colonies, if it was the intention of the Government to op pose the motion of which notice had been given, that the evidence taken by the Ceylon Committee should be ,printed; whether it was the intention of the Government to lay upon the table of the House the report of the Royal Commission which was sent to Ceylon in conse quence of an address from the House of Commons in the last session of Parliament, as well as the evidence taken before the Commissioners. Mr. HAWES said that it was impossible to lay before the House the papers which the Hon.Mmber asked for, as a court-martial was speedily to be held on Captain Wat son, and it would be unfair to publish these papers beforehand. Mr. BAILLIE said, in consequence of this refusal, he should be obliged to ask the Speaker two questions— the first of which was, whether the papers iu question, having once been laid before a Select Committee of the House, they were not henceforward in possession of the House, and if it was not therefore a breackof privilege to withhold them afterwards from the House. The second question was whether, as a Member who had been charged with bringing forward false documents, it was not in his (Mr. Baillie's) power to demand the produc tion of those doeements for his own justification?—(Hear.) The SPEAKER said, that with regard to the first question, it depended entirely on the mode in which the papers in question had been laid before the Committee. If they had been produced in a formal manner, and en tered regularly in the minutes, they were certainly in the possession of the House, and it was a breach of privilege for any Governmental department to withhold them; but if they had not been laid formally before the Committee, the Governmental department in which they were could produce them or not at their own discretion. With regard to the second question, it was Dot a question of privilege, but one to be decided by a motion Or th• House. TEE LATE EXPLOSION ON THE CLYDE. In answer to a question from Mr. MUNTZ, Mr. LABOUCHERE said that as yet no inquiries had been made as to the late explosion on the Clyde, but a report would be presented to the Beard of Trade ! in a few days, when they would be better able to judge of the nature of the cause of the accident. FEBRUARY 12, 1851. Sir Rot , eet Peel sail taken int , . el the reeee I of ineee la s the COUltiltz tation of tithes.—(Hear, bear.) Wheat was then at 58s. Bd. a quarter. Sir Robert Peel said that he had not, for he did not expect that any change would be made in the price of corn.—(Hear, bear.) Yet within less than seven years it was ascertained that such was the working of the Act for reducing the corn-laws that it was not now more than 455. a quarter, and he left it to the judgment of the gentlemen on either side of the House to say whether it was, under present circum stances, likely to be higher. Sir Robert Peel had emphatically expressed it as his opinion that the repeal of the corn-laws would make no alteration, or at least not any material alteration, in the price of wheat. And yet you have seen the results of Imperial legislation on the important class whose interest I am advocating. Sir Robert Peel had plainly expressed his opinion upon this point, and the Hon. Gentlemen opposite were not without their share of responsibility, for the Right Honourable Gentleman the Secretary at War had openly and explicitly expressed similar opinions. That Right Hon. Gentleman informed the House that the Scotch farmers had not the slightest fear of compe tition with the foreigner; and he alluded to a case which had recently occurred of a farm in the county of East Lothian, called East Barnes, which had been let at an increased rent, but observed that it had been let to a person of energy and enterprise. Now, I happened to look over a Scotch Liberal paper lately, and there I found it stated that the rent of this man of energy and enterprise had been reduced by no less a sum than 6501. (Hear, hear) showing that even a Scotch farmer may be liable to error as well as an English farmer. That Minis ter, whose opinions on such a subject would naturally have considerable influence on the House, had always shown the least reserve on the subject; and he was sure if sanguine statements and cheering calcul e tions from the Chancellor of the Exchequer could com pensate even for the absence of protection, they had not been spared, but indeed expended on the soil with an exuberant generosity which could not be excelled. The Chancellor of the Exchequer was not only hopeful, but announced that the consequences which he did not fore see were only occasioned by what he called exceptional circumstances—now the harvest is short, now it is ex uberant, but whether plentiful or sterile, unfortunately for the owners and occupiers of the soil, whose difficulties are now recognized graciously by the Sove reign, unfortunately for this important class of her Majesty's subjects, the result was always the same, whether there was peace or whether there was war, whether the continent was in convulsions ur in a state of tranquillity, the same effect was always pro duced in Mark-lane.--(Hear.) In 1848 the Chancellor of the Exchequer favoured the • House with a most successful expression ot his economical opinion, and cleared awes all the difficulties which beset the question. He did this on a motion in which I first etideavoured to place before the House that long-perverted question of local burdens.—(Hear, hear.) 't he Chancellor ot the Ex chequer, in his speech on that cccesion, in which, haveig dispatched the question of local nut dens, which he treated with ell his facility aed ability, he gave us his matured seutiment eud the matured eplinen 01 the Cabinet on what he called agricultural distress. The Cabinet acknowledged that agricultural distress existed in 1849; but then they said it was principally mot vexatious to the south of Englend, though that it prevailed to a certain extent in all parts was not denied But the Cabinet, by the mouth of u Financial Minister accounted for that distress:—'. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) was inclined to think that the present depreciation in the price of agricultural produce was very much occasioned by alarm."— (Laughter.) The sympathy of his supporters excited him to a still stronger expression of opinion, and in the next five minutes he said, "he thought there was aounclant reason to believe that the present prices were unduly lowered by the language used at recent agricultural meetings."—(Laughter.) I believe he even intimated that the principal cause of depression of agricutural prices was some speeches which were made by my Hon. Friend the Member for Staaford.—([fear, hear.) But the Chan cellor of the Exchequer said there were other things to be considered besides the price of grain. But what was the average of 1848, from which I sup pose the Cabinet drew their calculations in 1849 that this was merely a temporary depression, which would last only for a short time? 11 have the averages of 1848 as quoted by the Right Hon. Gentle man, and I have the averages of 1850; let us compare the two, and see whether there was aey good reason for him to tell us that that depression was only temporary. In 1848 the average price of beef was 4s. sid., in 1850 it was 3s. Bd.; so that, after two years of only temporary depression, we are now in a worse condition than we were then. The average price for mutton in 1848 was ss. 2d., while in 1850 it was only 4s. 2d. My only object in referring to the opinion of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, is to show that Right Hon. Gentlemen that it may be possible to arrive at erroneous opinions upon that important subject, and then, therefore : when great men on both sides have formed erroneous opinions, it is more the duty of this House to say whether they cannot discover the cause of this depression and pene trate the reasons of this anomaly.—(Hear, hear.) Unfortunately the Right Honourable Gentleman was not in his place when the subject was discussed last year; but the Lard President of the Council, a statesman second to none in judgment, and, from his position in the country, and connexion with the landed interest, the object of respect and affection to a large class, that Noble Lord, before an august assembly, told the House that the depres sion had been caused only by exceptional causes. which would not last many weeks. That eminent states ' man informed the House this time:last year that the idea of the continuance of imports into this country was quite absurd.—(Cheers.) Well, Sir, when we have men of such high position in the country, who give all their attention to these subjects, and act under a sense of the great responsibility attached to everything which may fall from their lips— when we have Ministers of the Crown deceived in like manner as their predecessors, it is an additional reason why the House of Commons should endeavour to fulfil their duty, and arrive at a more sound and cautious conclusion than those who are our models and leaders.--- (Hear, hear.) I do not for a moment accuse the present Government of not having given great attention to this subject. It is not merely that we have the recorded opinions of the Secretary at War upon Scotch farming, nor that the Chancellor of the Ex chequer and the Marquis of Lansdowne have applied themselves to this important question, but there are members of the Government not occupying positions so eminent, nor fulfilling functions so responsible, who have devoted their intelligence to the investigation of ibis subject, and favoured the House with their conclusions ou ie I mean the Member for Westbury; he is a member of the Administration, justly dis tinguished for statistical acqua ements and economical information, and I may say this sincerely, that I know no man who has mote successfully demonstrated that that which has happened ought not to have occurred.— ( Shouts of laughter.) The Honourable Gentleman, the Member for Westbury, proved, last year, that all the im importations had ruined the importers (A laugh) and no gentleman has done more to prove . that France could not send us a quarter, and that the greedy millions of the United States were ready to devour all the grain that could be produced in the Mississippi valley.- (Hear, hear.) But, Sir, notwithstanding all these assertions and predic tions, the difficulties of that importaut class, the owners and occupiers of the soil, do still continue.--(Hear, hear.) The mention of the United States recall also to my mind that there are other parties to statements like these—and men, too, whose opinions have influenced legislation. There is in this House a country Member—a gentleman representing an agricultural constituency, but who is intimately acquainted with all the interests of commerce—one of the merchants in the world, the Member for South Lancashire (Mr. W. Brown). I well remember that Hon. Gentleman telling us that the English producer had no reason to apprehend danger from foreign importations, inasmuch as he would have a natural protection in the article of freight. The Member for South Lancashire says that freights, with reference to any danger to be apprehended by importations from the United States, are equivalent to a protection of lls. per quarter. But, Sir, how does that turn out? Is the fact so? On the contrary, an eleventh part of those eleven shillings would more accurately describe the result.—(Cheers.) And then, as regards the Continent of Europe, and places more contiguous to our own country, we have arrived at this re sult, that freight is no protection whatever—(Hear, hear)--- and that the expense of the transport from the Continent to England is not greater than from port to port in this country. —(Hear, hear.) Now, Sir, Ido not say this with a view to build upon it an argument in favour of retracing our steps. That is not the argument I am going to introduce. The legislation which you have adopted may be beneficial; but still—politic as may have been your course, and beneficial as may have been its consequences —you cannot deny that all your estimates have been wrong, and all your calculations erroneous. (Cheers and laughter ) After five years experience, I cannot resist the conclusion that, in those great controversies which led to this legisla ' tion, great injustice was done to the character and conduct of the British farmer.— (Hear, hear.) In all those discussions, and in the preliminary agitation out of doors, representa tions were made to this excited community which, unfor tunately, but unjustly, conveyed the impression that the farmer was an unskilful and slothful man.—(Hear, hear.) It could not be denied, that under the abrogated system, whose virtues I am not now eulogising, and whose policy I am not now vindicating, there were some great facts which none could gainsay, though few would listen to. It could not be denied that the British farmer however stigmatised, had succeeded in raisin g f rom the soil a greater amount of pro duce than any other cultivator in any part of the world— (Hear, hear)—and it could not be denied that the acre which at the time of the American war yielded twenty bushels of wheat, yielded, at the time the corn-laws were repealed, thirty-two bushels.—(Hear, hear.) It could not be denied that, within the apace of a quarter of a century—from 18c1 to 1845 the population of this country had increased at the rate of 82 per cent., and the produce of wheat at the rate of 64 per cent. - (Cheers.) It could not be denied that these men, who we were daily and nightly told were so deficient in energy and enterprise, had themselves, in 1845—at a time when not one of them dreamed that their protection would be withdrawn—imported from the remote coasts of the Pa cific a curious, novel, and valuable manure, to the amount of 4,000,000 cwt.—(Hear, hear.) Let us, after five years, do justice to the characters of these men. They were told that their compensation was to be increased production from the soil. I remember when the eminent Minister who pro duced that change remar k ed no doubt under t h e convic tion of some great inevitable necessity, but, doubtless, also with some pangs for the cies, that had been . accustomed to look up to him as their defender,—l remember when he said, that it was in the increased production of the soil that the British farmer would find his compensatian ; and that he had such confidence in the progress of science, and in their energy, as to feel that they would be able to battle with and to keep down all the difficulties with which they might have to contend. Yes, Sir, 1 remember Sir Robert Peel saying, that no man could have failed to see drat the power of production of the soil was but half developed. But it is notorious that the theory of mineral manures that was to be the source of compensation for the cultivators of our own soils—it is notorious that that theory of mineral manures has broken down—(Hear, hear)—that it is not succeeded by any other, and that it is recognised to have been founded on a great fallacy, and utterly un productive of the results that were looked for from its ap plication. I remember that, when this great coatroyersy ! , )rs•ierr. t 7 .nn ,frt,et THE FRANCHISE. Sir JOSHUA WALMSLEY wished to ask Lord John Russell whether it was the intention of her Majesty's klinisters to take any steps, during the present session, to extend the right of voting for Members of this House to other portions of the adult male population of these realms than those now in possession of the elec tive franchise under the provisions of the Reform Act; or whether there was any intention to amend the defi ciencies of the Reform Act of 1832? Lord JOHN RUSSELL—Sir, in answer to the two questions of the Hon. Gentleman, I can say, in the tirst place, that it is not the intention of her Majesty's Ministers to take any steps in the present session to extend the right of voting for Members to sit in this House.—(oh, oh.) With regard to the second questien, whether there is Ether intention to amend the deficiencies of the Reform Act of 1832, I have on a pre vious occasion expressed my opinion to the House that there were certain amendments to the Re form Bill which I thought it was desirous to make, with a view to the extension of the franchise.—(Hear, hear.) I still retain that opinion, and I shall certainly carry it out when I think the proper time has arrived for doing so.—(ob, oh: and laughter.) DESTRUCTION OF WORKHOUSES IN SUFFOLK. Mr. GRANTLEY BERKELEY wished to ask the Right Honourable Baronet the Secretary of State for the Home Department, whether Government had received any intelligence relative to a rather remarkable riot which was said to have taken place in Suffolk. It was reported that a workhouse had been destroyed by the paupers, and the military were called out to quell the riot. Sir G. GREY—I have received no information whatever. Mr. BANKES would be glad to know of the Right Hon. Gentleman the president of the Poor-law Board whether he had received any information of this serious affair. Was it possible that a riot of this nature could take place without either the Secretary of State for the Home Department, or the president of the Poor-law Board receiving any information about it. Mr. BAINES saw the paragraph in the newspapers at nine o'clock this morning, and he had made inquiry about it, but no information had been received. EAST INDIA COMPANY. Mr. ANSTEY gave notice of his intention, on a future day, to move an address to the Crown on the subject of the East India Company and the government of their territories, and praying her Majesty to send out a Commission to inquire into the subject in India, and report their opinion to Parliament. COURT OF CHANCERY. Mr. STUART gave notice that on early day he should ask the First Minister whether it was the intention of Government to introduce without delay a Bill for the appointment of a Vice-Chancellor in the room of the late Vice-Chancellor Wigram. and whether he was aware of the expense and in convenience suitors in the Court of Chancery were put to in consequence of the want of a competent judge to diecherge the judicial duties theft were lately discharged by Vice-Chancellor Wigram.—(Hear.) AGRICULTURAL DISTRESS. Mr. DISRAELI said—Sir, I beg leave to move that the conclusion of that part of her Majesty's most gracious Speech, which refers,to the condition of the country, be read by the Clerk at the table. (This having been done, the Honourable Gentleman continued)—A condi tion of general prosperity in the country, concurrent with a continued depression of a moat important class of her Majesty's subjects, appears to be a conjuncture which should make the Minister reflect.— (Hear.) But, Sir, if such a combination of circumstance.; be brought about by legislation, which has at the same time produced the general prosperity and continued de pression, I think the subject is one which merits not only the consideration of the Minister, but also the de liberation of Parliament.—(H ear , hear.) Sir, these remarks, I think, apply to the present condi tion of the owners and occupiers of land in the United Kingdom.—(Hear, hear.) It was, Sir, once my intention to have offered to the House evi dence, which is in my possession, as to the present condition of the owners and occupiers of land, and I would have offered to the House such evidence as could be tendered by men in various parts of the kingdom, who are regularly and largely employed in the cultivation of the soil —men, in their class, of the highest skill and respectability, many of them well known to Members sitting on both sides of the House—in Scotland and Ireland as well as in England.—(Hear, hear.) Sir, I feel, generally speaking, the objections to which such evidence, however strong, and even though certified by the names of those who respectfully offer their testimony.—(Hear, hear.) I feel generally the objection which such evidence is open to in a Parliamentary discussion like this.—(Hear, hear.) It is, Sir, in respect to that evidence that I now call the attention of the House, and I call upon them not to trust in their preconceived notions, or in any thoughts which may have induced them to act, whether it be on this side of the House or on the other; but I call upon theta as Members of Parliament to discuss in a calm and dispassionate spirit a matter which largely affects the interests of the whole nation.—(Hear.) The high cha racter which the Hou se ought to sustain in the country calls for this.—(Hear, hear.) At least such is the notion which many have willingly or unwillingly chosen to en tertain.—(Hear, hear.) Bat that is no sufficient answer to the complaint which I have to make, and no answer to the petitions of those who have suffered from the grievous mistakes which have been made upon this sub ject.—(Hear, hear.) The best answer which we can, obtain is to be d er i ve d from the effects w hi c h f ree t ra d e has produced. It is a strange thing that while the whole of the rest of the community are enjoy ing, it is said, unexampled prosperity, the agri cultural class are suffering unexampled depres sion. This opi n i on i s not confined to t hi s s id e o f th e House, or to th e ot h er. lam prevente d, as I h a v e sa id, from the n ecess i ty of trespassing upon your atten tion on thi s matter, fur nay observations are cur tailed by th e a d m i ssion in her M a j es ty' s Sp eec h that this depr ess i on i s univerval an d con fi n ed to n o par ticular class o f the owners or occupie r s o f land. The opi n i ons of all were agreed, at last, upon the fact itself. The very thing prima fasie carries its own assuranc e th at the agricultura l c l ass are severe l y and constantly oppressed.--(Hear, hear.) If that he the case, and the complaints come not f rom one s id e a l one, Vivre is an a de it i onal reason why a new i nvest i gat i on should be entered upon.—(Hoar,hear.) Ther e i s ti et a third reasen why this investigation should lie ent ere d upon. I reme m ber that w h en a Noble. Lord, wilose pusiti oti I most unworthily occupy, had expressed is great fear of the consequenees of the Bill which was then about to be iutroauced into the House, and had asked the great Minister of the day whether ho haei duly considered the consequences of the legislation on which he was about to enter, he aas told that little fear need he entertained on t h at po i nt.—( H ear , b eer .) A n d t hi s opinion was ent er t a i ne d not on l y by gAitleaneti o n this side of the d ouse, b ut also, if any faith were to be put in their expr ess i ons, equally by those on t h e ot h er s i de. I remember that, five years ago, when the question for the repeal of the corn-laws was mooted in this House, Lord George Bentinek—(Hear, bear, and cheers)—had asked a question of the great Mtniste,r of the day as to the purport of the views which he had pro mulgated, and had inquired whether he was prepared to bring in any measures to obviate the evils which must necessarily arise from the repeal of the corn-laws.— (Hear, hear.) Lord George Bentinak staked whether , , b m eene, corninence3 in thie Hoeee, r - ,' the 2 trnt , tl it 2 , r. cartrer'e eeee •te 77 -•,t , 7 - ♦-I• ,!! --••,-- :1,, 7,, :•hjec. , ,= l, •'''''' • _ as question; and it was thrown into our ieetn be our eaver- as I. trust toe discussion of last eessiou is yet freeti,utur Ito caries that it was not a farmer's, but a landlord's question. I 1 memory of the House. At any rate, since c .. . find that it is still believed that rent is looked upon as a sort debate, the truth of this question has greatly advanced:eer, of ancient exaction-a kind of feudal tallagium, the reward (Hear.) Originally, I had to discuss the abstract squ,:tj:d of conquest; and that, when we talk of the difficulties and of the justice of making everybody pay to the poor.r se _f it distress of owners and occupiers, if the owners of the soil it was then a matter of dispute whether or not the I s l a were prepared to sacrifice what is called rent, those of the poor was a general obligation. Since last y e evi. , difficulties would vanish and disappear.-( dear, and laughter.) question has greatly advanced. I have before me the gr I should think that a majority of gentlemen on either side deuce taken by a Committee of the House of Lor ds t. se is • of this House will agree with me that in an old country where pointed to consider the question of local assessmen._•_ 1131 „ there is a great breadth of land, and where cultivation is the case of the Goverpment, as represented by the as h a s carried on to so great an extent, rent is an economical Member for Herefordshire (Mr. Cornwall Lewis), ' 4 " tbotigh t• result as certain and inevitable as harvest is a natural result brought to this question all those powers of dzen and that following seed-time.-(Hear.) The only way by which you which have distinguished him in all his pursuits, . he0t. ,... can terminate rent is, to throw every soil out of cultivation talent for investigation for which he is Pre' em b l e Sofa but the very best-( Hear)-and the only way by which you (Cheers.) And what is the acknowledgment of t whole can prevent the very best from paying rent is, by loading it Member for Herefordshire? He has given 3p th e ,. _ v eal • with such imposts as that, after production, nothing is left question. - (Loud cheers.) [The Hon. Member rea c o t " it that"' for the average return of the capital employed.-(Hear.) extracts from the evidence ot Mr. Lewis, to the effect b° 4111.. Now, if that is a thing which science sanctions, I want to was neither just nor equitable to make taxes which Ana ea ttet ' know what becomes of that barbarous outcry against rent national character locally chargeable, the practice ene" t ore from persons who are great authorities on such questions as of collection being the only formidable obstacle to % wore these-(Hear) -and if it is not a vulgar error we are circu- equitable practice.] The Hon. Member, viewing tA! ta lent lating among that community whom we ought to lead and to tent subject ot local taxation with that ability at , l , at , the enlighten, when we hold out to masses of the people that for which he is always distinguished, has arriv e "! a gO! ,. any endeavour to seek redress for the difficulties of the very truth which was scarcely tolerated two years gree't ° owners and occupiers of the soil is only an attempt to (Loud cheers.) I have now to recur in a certain d o e_ he . _ maintain the rents of the landlords?-(Loud cheers.) I local burdens, but it will be to some which I have n ', w i t h think that the whole tendency of our laws is to tofore dwelt upon-burdens on the land not mixec l e u b il ee tel pluck out a class from the agricultural hierarchy, local revenue. I could go at great length into the " v i e w of and to bring our agricultural community again to two tithe, but time will only permit me to sketch yon e e .a es tioll .• classes-the proprietor and the peasant.-(Hear, hear.) its bearings. I have already referred to the conflm_',": se s in Sir, I have thought this House would excuse me if I yen- made to the first Minister of the Crown on the' eui nd the , tured to make these somewhat preliminary observations be- 1-4 o by Lord George Bentinek. I need not rem the n fore calling attenti on t o t h e su b ject I w i s h so sincerely to House that the fall in agricultural produce is greater, ele the t: riee o f adhere to in the subsequent discussion, my object being to was then assumed by that eminent statesman as bring this House to this point-on both sides to forget the result in the change of the law, as described by .th e o c e too past, and not to allow the feeling of controversies that have a quarter of wheat being 455. Now it is little,_,ll in price now endured for more than five sessions to affect the clear- 375.-( Hear.) What is the consequence of a fall „charge ness of their mental vision, but in a temperate and impartial upon the tithe commutation burden? The tithe rep: be 1001 ' spirit to endeavour to recognize the causes of the distress appointed for the year 1851 is 961. Ils. sd. for, 1 2 lido that afflicts a suffering portion of the community, and if pos- But the farmer only receives, at present prices, 73 ‘,4:1001.; sib's, to find a remedy for it.-( Hear.) And, Sir, that there the difference at this moment being 231. Ss. 6d. ' ont W el l may be no mistake as to what ms- object is in this motion, I and in order to realise that difference he has to sellrese beg to state what that object really is. -(Hear.) In the quarters of wheat.-(Loud cheers.) According to Poor first place, it is not, as we have been recently told, a debate prices, then, under the law of tithe commutation the t of on the condition of the people. I find the condition of the has to pay on every 100/. a forfeit of twelve clu n er ot e j ine People described in those paragraphs of the Speech wheat. That is the effect of tithe commutation. P,.. f dare from the Throne that have, at my request, been read at the not going to dwell on that point ; for the table. I accept that condition of the people. It is one of commutation, though a grievous, is but a transient ;lel • tiee general prosperity,coucurrent with the suffering of a parti- wish rather to point out the action of tithe, irre i f a nd cular class. Do , not tet me, then, be met to-night with re- of commutation, on the cultivation of the 50 ii JO ports of PoorelaW Commissioners or of Registrar-Generals.- on the owners as well as the occupiers. ' the° . (Hear, hear.) I trust that no Gentleman will rise to-night, been held by the greatest political economists, that rteere ) and say that this motion is a direct or indirect attack on amounts to a rate of not less than 5 per cent.---(' hy SP the new commercial system.-(Hear, hear.) It is in cone I will react a few extracts from a work on taxati en ' ere eer"" sequence of your commercial system--(Hear, hear) - that I el`Culloch, bearing on this suleject. He is a Nei - dews° have made this motion, to adapt, if I can, the posi- he Was a free-trader before many Honourable Ge n _ witit tion of the owners and occupiers of the soil to that in this House were free-traders. He has writteso tee commercial system. Nor let any Gentleman support me great ability on the subject, and he is particulari n h 2 iP e as 6 to-night, under the idea that this is an attempt to bring the talent with which he sums up evidence. He an back protection in disguise.-(Hear, hear.) Nothing of pupil of Ricardo, a great and original thinker, and . tin e iii the kiud. I adhere to what I said last year on that subject, ornament ot this House. • Mr. M'Culloch was ,v 7 carte effect u_,l. / severely, strictly, religiously.-(Cheers.) I said that I 1845, previous, be it remembered, to the repeal of ireero could not, in this Parliament. make any attempt to bring laws, and speaking of the effect of tithes upon th e e l a tile back the abrogated system of protection; and I gave and occupiers of land, and in so doing, he restored °l e ge) my reasons !or that opinion at the time. I deeply principles of that great man, Mr. Ricardo -( ll , ear ' e s, th e , deplored the circumstances under which that change took [The Hon. Member quoted at length several paw e; place, and that a Minister and a Government that were purport of which was, that, under a system of" tfrcolild Al pledged to uphold that abrogated system should have abro- the incidents of tithe were completely changed; - sere,le gated it. I think that on that subject there was a clear longer raise prices or rents, and it would, therr ut die - cause of quarrel between the then Parliament and the con- wholly upon the owners and occupiers of land; : no t by - stituencies. But I cannot forget that, immediately after that could not bring about a great national imp pabli,e4 change had taken place, there followed a general election- removing a burden which ought to be borne by d e ' (Hear, hear)-and that an opportunity was afforeed to the and ; lacing it upon any particular class. This W ht to e' constituencies, even if betrayed, to recal the abrogated system flagrant injustice, and, therefore, foreign corn elig t ishe.l" they had deplored.-(Hear.) I for one cannot consent that subjected to a duty which would countervail the . 0 1 845. the laws that ought to regulate a great nation should be (Cheers.) That was the opinion of Mr. ArCullenhj es ith of made the shuttlecock of party strife.-(Hear, hear.) Nay, but, in leso, he published a new edition of the" L' at wOrk,, if I thought that by any chance majority I could bring back Nations," by Dr. Smith, and in the appendix to re s teer a° protection I would shrink from attempting it.-(Cheers he again republishes his" Treatise on Tithes." But rear from the Ministerial side.) That, Sir, must be done the advantage of five years' experience, with all hisl io er out of the House-(Cheers) -and by no chance ceptious and prejudices in favour of emancipated ay e ,. s e co nd majority, but by, if not a unanimous, at least a prepon- with particular feelings on the subject of the corn • 4 , 5 , e w e7lor es derating expression of public opinion.-(Hear, hear.) with similar views to those entertained by the Chan re pro' Why is it that the cultivator of the soil, whorl we all re- the Exchequer, who always expects prices to risen, jdo PI cognise as a man of energy and enterprise, cannot compete nuances his former opinion. He says, in 1850, . at o l ls:, with the foreign producer? Sir, I b e l ieve t h at t h e reason think there will be realised those unfavourable satiet bet if why the cultivator of the soil in the United Kingdom is at anticipations, that is, of present te aryprices-(Cheers) - .l e this moment embarked in a helpl ess contest w i th the culti- they should, the commutation may be reduced or adiu; lest cheers._ o gle vators of foreign soils, is to be found in the weight of taxa- a countervailing duty laid on foreign corn."--4 tion to which the cultivator of the soil in England is ex- is not my proposition.-(lronical cheers.) I h a ve at e re posed.-(Hear, hear.) The taxation of this country, gene- any proposition at present. What I wish to do at % t rain rally speaking, though time has mitigated it, and circum- sent moment is to show to you-to prove my case „n ose is, stances stronger than time-is universally acknowledged to only way to account for the present agricultural sur s ' ei .o.-• be over that in most other countries. Unfortunately, the agri- that the agriculturist is overweighted-(Loud n___°`lo,ped cultural classes bear their fair proportion, and more.-(Hear, that his energies are exhausted and his resources n. dos hear.) What I wish to do this night is, to ask you impar- by an enormous mass of taxation, to which no oth er old, tially to survey your financial system-if impar- of producers is liable.-(Loud cheers.) But it is %log if, tiality is possible in finance. Let us suppose that and may be said to-night, "that there is soln e , t hee Dal' some distinguished foreigner - one of those, for instance, what you say cannot be denied-it may be true , ev i c ting about shortly to visit this country-one interested the customs duties are obtained by prohibiting or r i er o f the in economic pursuits-let us suppose such a man, struck agricultural produce-it may be true that two-third" one with the wealth, and energy, and industry of England, inland revenue are raised by an enormous impost 11_ 3 ga? desirous of forming some g enera l id ea o f t h e way i n wh i ch agricultural product - we cannot deny that seem eel: the taxation of England i s ra i se d. Of the great mass of our of the local taxation are directly contributed from 'Moos. taxation, I will take three items, together forming an cultural purse-but then the land enjoys many exe tn ,P , n et a° amount of nearly fifty millions sterling. Those fifty millions -(Hear, hear.) I am going to meet that staternen: o isala are produced; first, by external imposts; secondly, by what the advocate of the agricultural interest, but as one ' l• it e tbe, is termed inland revenue ; and, thirdly, by local contributions. only for truth, one whose sole object is to terinl,P c e pit By customs, excise, and local burdens, you raise nearly fifty bitter controversy which is injuring the Pu bi ee riegq, millions. Now, what, at the first glance is the character of of this country.-(Loud and long continued nu de , seD . ,, this great sum? This distinguished and inquiring foreigner lam going to see with what justice this reply is t ea i All will learn that nearly one-half of your external revenue is if there be great exemptions enjoyed by . the land, thenis OW raised by your not permitting the cultivators of your soil to place before public opinion my impartial decision,° A 0 not produce a particular article.-(Hear, hear.) If he go to point. I will not attempt to state anything which e n u d are your inland revenue, he will observe that more than two- sincerely believe. My whole ease depends on facts• CO! thirds of it is raised by means of a colonial impost on this guments; and it is open to gentlemen opposite, u L et . OP class of the community.-(Cheers.) And if he take the to prove any statements erroneous, or to demonstrate eser third portion of your taxation-the local contribution-he my conclusions are fallacious.- (Loud cheers.) consider will find that seven millions, or more, of the twelve of which tion of agricultural exemptions bring me to the consl"" the re , it consists, are paid by the agriculturists-(Hear) -- and the of another branch of our system of revenue, namely e e rror whole of it levied from a very li m it e d c l ass o f the comma - venue derived from stamps.-(Cheers.) A very great or nity. These a r e the p r i nc i pa l f eatures w hi ch t h e f ore i gn i n - exists with respect to the operation of the legacy an d se vestigator would observe i n l oo ki ng i nto our fi nanc i a l ar - b ate duties, and if Hon. Gentlemen will investigate the e rangements. Let us examine this syst em now i n d eta il. I of the case, they will, I think, arrive at conclusions ca tr te • take, first, your cu s t oms; an d I fi n d t h at a f ourt h of them to the opinions which they may now hold with batreferen almost is produced by a law w hi c h prevents t h e B r i t i s h this description of taxation. lam prepared to show yo,t i 0 01 cultivator from producing a cro p o f to b acco. - ( H ear, hear.) at this moment, of the 1,200,0001., which is paid per irfijeale And then I may be told, in extenuation of this extraordi- for probate duty, 500,0001. is paid by the land-- 1 . 0 10 nary law, that the land of England is not favourable for hear)-for though Mr. Pitt did not carry his Bilig - land that production.---( Hear, hear.) That is an obvious sugges- real. property liable to this 'tax, he made niettr_ . ,-) tion for a finance Minister; but the ingenious and distin- sold under, wills subject to the tax.-(lle s er e f s eceiv,e u guished foreigner will remember that nearly every country I will show you that five-twelfths of the legacy d e ,„'Jber O w in Europe does produce tobacco, and some of them very is paid directly by the land-(Hear) - but ren i tenitr eS : good tobacco-nay, that in Holland such good tobacco is also, that leasehold property, and all ecclesiastic al re d that grown that it is exported to Havannab for the purpose of contribute to the legacy duty. When it is remember il; being made into those cigars which are smoked iii Eng- these taxes also are burdens upon land-that all o _, ( 4• a: an. land.-(Hear, hear.) But I might tell him that there are trade of the farmers pays legacy and probate u" iit seM some soils, in the sister island especially, that have great when we add to these the stamps upon conveyances, ed from capabilities for the cultivation of tobacco.-(Elear, hear.) not be found that the agricultural classes are exelt a er 0 e I think, in days like the present, when a Minister rises from their share of taxation. I well remember, upon a lest be bad his seat on the first evening when Parliament meets, and casion, that the Hon. Member for Orkney thong ° f f isnot solemnly warns the farm ers o f E ng l an d over t h e ta bl e , made a great point against the owners and occupier° ° a d the that the time is come w h en t h ey can no l onger d epend when he reminded the House that the windoW° But are on the wheat crop, it was eminently inconsistent and horses of the farmer were untaxed.-(Hear, hear.) ..„007, unjust to support . laws which at the same time prevent not the windows of the man who keeps a shop also e - h iaet7 him from producing another crop.-(Cheers.) And here I from taxation?-(Hear, hear.) And is not the m ac her 6e must ask the Noble Lord som e e xplanation of a remarkable of the menufacturer untaxed ; and why should not theo expression of opinion on his part, the other night, but of be free, which is the machinery of the farmer!--( . g ce ,.• which I was our quick enough to take notice at the time. hear.) Tnese are little points, but they The Noble Lord said that he deplored the rapid transition (Hear, hear.) When Hon. Gentlemen rise in the l i ? llse th° ' which had occurred with reference to the condition talk of exem 'taxation,admit `list -i9 ptions from they must a efi vo of the owners and occupiers of the soil.-(llear, hear.) lately made with respect to the stamp " all re The Noble Lard expressed his regret at the rapid transition very arrangem ent much in favour of the manufacturers. Let us ado' from the old to the new system. Ido not understand what member, in discussing this question, that there is a cOII- t -e f - • is meant precisely by a "state of transition." We have able burden of the public revenue, to the amp-gistb not new only just arrived at it- the state of transition is ac- 2,000,0 , 0/. per annum, which has been raised for t 90 0 complished--(Cheers.) But I sin surprised that the Noble c , ntur y and a-half from the land, and the land gao l/B ;We' Lord should be the Minister to deplore the rapid mode in that is the land tax-- ( Hear, hear)-a tax, by the by e ' ji te 1 00 ...), which the transition has been accomplished, because I re- was not intended by the original projectors to alen-Y n yen , member this, when the late Government, by a sagacious and the land,-(Hear, hear.) I have now throug'" sr • gone Oar fill he , prudent law, tried to prolong that state of transition. .almost require no, oa, one exception, every important feature o f f te the Noble Lord found great fault with Sir Robert cial system, and I have reviewed the taxation e a , the Peel en account of his attempt to prolong that state o country generally with reference to its bearing tl P nee ten° • transition, the brevity of which, the Noble Lord now says, owners - and occupiers of the land-upon that lln . r- dit :6# , • is the chief source of agricultural depression.-(Cheers.) Tlie class of her M p ajesty's subjects who are suffering o to Noble Lord even wished to form an administration which culties, depression, and dist ress , an d who con ti ,, e liti e d .e hr e ' ' should not give the f armers even the transient benefit of suffer them in a country wh ere , as we are inter's- te' the law of Sir Hobert Peel, the Sovereign and by the Ministry, all classes ol bear .) Lord J. RUSSELL-I supported- Sir Robert Peel. community are in a prosperous condition.-(Bear'astie°' Mr. DISRAELI-I h appen tu recollect that there was a lan' not surprised, whe n I see a l l this burden o f ta; the own proposition, I h ave nothing more to s.-( L 65 ia t to division-( Hear)-and if th e N oble Lord voted against his that the owners and occup i ers of land find thei nse difficulties, in the pres en t stsee of the law with resPeed, s tret v. ' a and long contin ue d c h eering.) I will not dwell longer on im p ortation of foreign corn, and are suffering great _ san e it On the contrary, I am obliged to consider by what 7ries,a) the subject of tobacco, or even touch upon the effect pro is that the present system has been carried en• -•• e nin° l l duced by foreign sugar upon theproduce of this country; ing to 1 but I will come to another branch of the revenue, amount- lam obliged to consider what is that wonderful nia st o o f by which the financial system, which was the crest b 9 - ' ,000 ,00)/., more than two thirds of which ' is raised by a colossal impost upon one croof the British agricul- protection, and which protection alone upheld, still 01 , 4 prir able to work in a country when that entire systern b u se r,") turiat. Who can deny that the tax upon the barley crop tection has been swept away.-(Loud cries of" Hears jai, , forms more than two-thirds of our excise?-(Cheers.) Was it not monstrous for the farmer to be told that he We . may, to se extent, account for it by tue ..... egebr e ' . hear.) which have beetl e made upon accumulated capital. i on riee must no longer depend upon the wheat crop, while the laws It is very possible that some classes may elso of the country loaded with this enormous tax the next crop where they are living upon the capital of one partien. le . r i e ean • to which lie would have recourse?-(Cheers.) Remember a ."-(Hear, hear.) This is a result which I do not t rill" what this crop is. That the farmer is to be prevented from De wondered at.-(Hear.) But the great financial 'roe by _ depending upon his wheat crop may be grounded' in some de which has occupied my attention cannot be accouatei ol ette i , • gree in wisdom. It may be said that there is better wheat this sad hypothesis; because I see before me the 'g e r e rs e' in the world than British wheat, good as it. is; but no one machinery by which we have been carried througbi s , ; 3 Sal' will pretend that any barley is better than British barley.- restricted industry, undiminished taxation, and eo e cia l ill" (Cheers.) So we may no longer produce wheat, while we main. ports. (hear, hear.) We know that a great final' s onir tarn laws to restrict the growth of barley. We are counselled any, r strument was brought into the House by an e minel e s n3. jt: not to produce a crop in which we have scarcely ter, whose pride it was to introduce this new sy °l ' es of 1 rivals, and at the same time we are prevented from produc ing a crop in which we have no rivals whatever. Thi s is virtues lam not here to challenge, but the advantl e poi° , ' the effect, with free trade, of a financial system framed with to owners and occupiers of land I wish to enjoy. " vise the what this wonderful financial instrument was. I t . gobe" reference only to a protective policy. But I may be told, that if we dare to rid ourselves of this impost, we must lose property and income-tax. " Remember (said Sir , ihe° or' r the monopoly of the malt market. Really, fir, in thi s age, Peel to the gentlemen o f t h e M anc h ester schoo l), the' at after what we have gone through, what we are enduring der that you should hav e your cotton free, the lan d con s e O _ and what we must be prepared for, it is too muc h to Lok l to the imposition of the property tax."-(Hear, hear.)l.o out as a consolation this miserable rag of monopoly -the nerous and confiding inan.-( Hear.) And by that PO Or ' W hy, if instrument this remarkable system has been carried ._, it 9 re monopoly of the salt market.-(Laud cheers.) ration, conducted in its course, and has accomplished foreign barley will not bear a voyage, malt will bear it worse. have still less fear of foreign malt; and sults. And what is the result of this financial law? - 7,t,, met -(Cheers.) If we are not afraid of the foreign importation hear.) Was it the manufacturers and merchants T or ipe r ' o v o e f in o a f y this is, that we never get good beer ex- I together and said to the .nielinister, "We will s ',•c ia ncie l iii h f e b barley, we 5,000,0004 a year, and we will keep up the old ei. " e b a se cept in England.-(A laugh.) How is it that we have a I great export trade in beer, if foreign malt is of so superior I system." Hactthey done this it would neverthe •.! t hey . a quality?-(Cheers.) We obtain on our malt, it been a b,.d bargain fir the owners of land; but tlr u ale au' I might have said, subscribe what you will, but if we °I bear') is true, a drawback, but an imperfect one ; but i send out our beer, and it is the best beer . foreign . restricted imports we ought to be exempt. " (lie d ar ''rtColli e : we But when I look to the returns of the property an d Ifinen°,- market. -(Cheers.) It does appear to me, Sir, that the ' tax-this mighty and mystical sun, under whose IlL es isea y. . case of the land, as far as the barley crop is concerned, is ' the system has gone on-I find that a moiety ie ' o `.,,merrh ~ one of the most complete cases, -and to abstract justice we are forced by your leeislation if we look to abstract justice 1 i from the owners and occupiers of land; from th e . re Avhf f • 1 whose rents have been reduced, and from the occupiers _, ( Cheers) - ever submitted to the consideration of Parliament. make no profits.-(Loud cheers from the country laa e rY s the' I have shown, that of our external revenue nearly one-half , , you ask me what are my remedies, and what t t' e h. erono is produced by prohibiting in a great degree, and restricting the owners and occupiers of land require? I will, CO in another degree, the cultivation of the soil, while at the same time the British farmer is exposed to the competition as the representative of an undivided English to t'". the industry of whose inhabitants is II! an , •an of the whole world.- ' the cultivation of the soil, and as the argue' (Hear.) I have shown also that two thirds of the inland revenue is produced by an inermous tax humble and inefficient one I know, of those ge_ req uire . v on one single crop of the Britiell cultivator of the soil.- ' : who share my opiniens in this House-that we will eesta (Cheers.) 1 ifhw come to the third division of the amount of revenue of which I spoke, namely, tai it produced by our 1 justice.--(Lotul cheers ) We ask you that you eas ing.) local burdens. I last vear - asked the House whether it . was prohibit or restrict our industr.--(Renewed -et' burl ,• , not a favourable opportunity to treat: the whole queetion of We ask you that, you will not levy upon us direct ,e shere theee burdens, the injustice of which was acknowledged ; but for public purposes, to which few, if any of ' t he no n It " the ineonventence resultin from relieving the land from classes are subjsct. We ask you not to. throw n i - u etrY them was equally obvious. g (Cieers-) I asked the House according to your own account, the only class in the or yoi?r whether, when we h ail a surp l us revenue, a nd w h en the ill a state of t rans iti onary di stress, t he b ur dens .;k ht is. ' agricultural interest was the only suffering iuteresie it was financial and commercial system.-(Hear, hear.) pro' has been.. „• is not a favourable opportunity to perform an act of public '`hat we ask. We think that your eyetern us °r 8 justice to the land, and show the hind that we really ! ductive of difficulty and uistrees, and if you as e k e u d for t . . 11 did sympathise with i's distresses.--(Loud cheers.) That : our rem-dy-speaking for my constituents, W ill "; - ' motion, I may say without vanity, was temperately con- , constituencies whose property and interests are enoro w .... ti and perilled -I tell you at once to remove, ceivrti, beano ;e inreceived the approbation Of a large party in the the W kno t • V I pressure, and let us be fairly weighted in this House - (Cheers) -although it WA , • not carried. I Alen We shrin (Loud cheers front the country party.) you baps_ showed the enormous injustice of making the lad pay from enterinn into the competition which ),,t ester .. , 7,C,00 ,0( 1 0i. out of )2,000,000/. of taxation, raised solely for thought fit to (en to our energies, but let us ) av et Howe' o f public purposes, and which ought to have been paid out of into the struggle manacled .-( Loud cheers. . g. . ni b e rs . - the public exchequer; but to-ninlit I wish the House to :ee dear the interests of our constituents are, we are etewTh te ene V our case of injustice in an infinitely stronger light.-(Cheers.) e Parliament besides being Me b • I c" 5- fly “rs for particu.ar ..f e et., • I have now shown, that out of manly 5 0,0(0,000/. of in- ' mt I have no hesitatio - n m i ' ' that l a , pe. ow , eollie. nearly one-half of the external revenue is 'raked by prepared, impartially arid teale n ra s t a e y l ing to enter into ar or P rohibiting or restricting the produce of land ; that two el ir • tion of those measureswhich y, I.d to allevis ..,„ . , I . . may tend but I soot , ~, thirds of the inland revenue is derived from an enormous - ` lra remove thedistress of which we complained; disci' impost on one production of the land; and that seven- l nrotest against its be' ing supposed, if I enter into your twelfths of our local revenue is raised -by direct contriba- '.. • l e • h i m H stole fair y wit t e ouse, that lam asking any ti lv tion from the land.-(Cheers.) It is not necessary for me i