The Sun. — London, England, 1868-05-27 00:00:00

SPIRIT ow THE PUBLIC JOURNAL The. Times declares that it cannot but be a matterMof intense gratification to every well-wisher of the Ameries n Republic that the impeachment has failed. The citizens Of the United States—above all, the citizens of the Northein States—have prided themselves upon being a law-abiding people, and, despite occasional excesses, such as stain ihe histoiy of all nations, the native-born Americans have been justified in their pride. The condemnation of Mr. Johnson would, however, have disposed for ever of etas boast. It is bad enough that so large a majority shoirM have been found willing to convict the President upon the evidence brought before them, but there have beiien found a few Republican senators sufficiently independent of the tyranny of party to resist the pressure which would have compelled them to violate all considerations of 14w and justice. The names of those who voted are at given in the telegraphic despatches, but it was known that Mr. Fessenden, of Maine, the senator selected by Mr. Lincoln as Secretary for the Treasury when Mr. Chase resigned that post, would be one. of those who would refuse to convict the President. Mr. Henderson, of Missouri, was another thus distinguished, and his resolution hcs apparently remained firm, although the full power of the Legislature of Missouri, to whose suf frages he owes his present position, has been brought bear upon him.% Those who know how easily men among ourselves are turned aside from their spontaneous resolu tion by the action of some, it may be only a knot, of their constituents, can understand the strength of put.; pose those Republican Senators must have possessed who have adhered to the conclusions of their own judgment in a land where politics is a profession, where de parture from exact conformity with party discipline incurs a sentence of exclusion from politicatlife, and where the machinery of party organisation and the pressure of party opinion are the most galling and oppressive to be ,found anywhere in the world. So deeply do the public men of America feel the necessity of acting in unison with a vast number of others to accomplish any joint object, that it is rare to find original and independent counsel among them, and the con scientious self-reliance of those who quitted their party to vote with the minority against the impeachment de serves the greater honour. Nothing else, however, we venture to say, was possible, if the law of the case was to ,be regarded. Nothing else was possible if the reputation of the Senate was to be maintained unsullied. The con stitution of the Union, the articles of the impeachment, the evidence, and the arguments are all before us, and there is no reason why an opinion may not be pronounced .npon them. The Herald thinks that the American people have reason to congratulate themselves on their escape. Their Constitution and the fate of their country has hung upon a vote. Only by one vote has the Senate failed to pass the decree which, in expelling Mr. Johnson from the Tresideney, would have inaugurated a new era of revolu ticn in America. We may accept the vote on the eleventh of Impeachment as decisive, because it was mainly ' o rr that article that the managers of the House of Repre .oeAtatives relied. ',Thirty-five voted that the eleventh art kde was sustained, nineteen that it was not sustained. iSo that , if one member of the minority had voted with the majority the article would have been car ried by the majority of two-thirds, which is necessary in this' nomentous business. This article, which was the pith aa id summing up of the whole indictment, charged the I'm sident with having denied in a public speech that the 39th. Congress had the right to exercise legislative power ; with denying that the legislation of the said Con gress was valid or obligatory upon him, or that it had power to propose amendments to the Constitution ; with seeking to pre vent the execution of the Tenure of Office Act by attempting to restrain Mr. Stanton from exercising t his functions as Secretary at War ; and with having con trived to hinder the working of the Reconstruction Act, and of the Act which provided that all military orders should be issued through the general commanding the army. Those wbo voted against this article must have refused their consent to the spirit rather than to the letter of it. It was just as in those actions in this country where pleas of justification and not guilty are put side by side by the defendant in the cause. They voted against the monstrous injustice of condemning the chief functionary of the State on grounds which, if sustained, were a credit to him rather than a crime in him. As a matter of literal fact these allegations were true. Mr. Johnson did dispute the competency of the 39th Congress, And he was right in • disputing it, as it represents only a fraction of the Union, and has arbitrarily excluded from its sittings the representatives of the rest. He did not deny, and he was right to deny, the competency of a Lump Congress to pass laws, or make amendments to the Constitution, which by that instrument require the consent of two-thirds of the States. He did question the legality of the Tenure of Office Act, and, pending the decision of that legality by the tribunals, he did suspend Mr. Stanton, and appoint a successor to his post. He did interpose his authority to cause the incidence of the arbitrary and crael Reconstruction Act to fall as lightly as possible on the peoples of the persecuted South ; and he did assert his unquestioned right, under the Constitution, to act as Commander-in-Chief of the forces of the Union. Why, then, did 19 senators vote against the article? They voted against it, not as a matter of fact, but simply as a reason for depriving of place and power the man who had rather deserved the thanks of his countrymen for the heroic stand which he had made against oppression and wrong. The Post observes that the most important of the many struggles which have taken place in Austria in connection with the establishment of liberal institutions in that empire has now come to a close. The Emperor has given his sanction to the bills relating to education, civil mar riages, and the footing which shall for the future be occu pied by persons of different religious denominations. In a word, the Concordat has been swept away, religious equality has been established, provision made for educa tion on a system recognising differences of creed, and marriage made a civil contract, independent of ecclesias tical sanction. Seldom, if ever, perhaps, have such mighty changes been effected in the institutions of a country by simple legislative action as those which have been brought about in the course of the past twelve months in Austria. It is only natural, therefore, that there should manifest themselves some symptoms of what is termed reaction. There is always a class of per sons who are terrified by progress, and whose breath is taken away if the course of events is rather quicker than they expecte 1. Many persons in this country in 1832 believed that we were on the road to ruin when we abo lished the ro%ten boroughs and passed the first Reform Act. And in like manner in Austria, independently of the Ultramcn'anists, there are many who confound political liberty with anarchy, and who. believe that the only safeguards which society possessed were supplied by the autocratic system which has been swept away. It is a custom of old observance for the Lord Mayor of London to entertain the judges and serjeants at an annual dinner, and on Monday night the customary entertain ment was given. A large general company was present, for the guests, as might be supposed, were selected with out reference to political opinion. Tory and Whig peers and judges and distinguished laymen sat side by side. In such a company, if anywhere, the Star would have ex- petted the Lord Mayor to have suppressed or moderated his fiery zeal for the Irish Establishment. Common courtesy would have dictated such a course, not to speak of those responsibilities which should attach themselves to high civic office. The Lord Mayor, in proposing the health of the House of Lords, whether thtough mere ignorance or negligence, displayed a bad taste that is positively amazing, both in the tenour of his remarks and in the selection of the person on whom lie called to respond to the toast. It is scarcely to be credited that any man occupying a position which demands of its tenants common decorum and politeness could invite Lord Dunraven, himself a Catholic peer, and one whose name had been promi nently affixed to the Irish Catholic laymen's decla ration in favour of religious equality, to reply to a speech which denounced Mr. Gladstone's iSuspensory Bill, and challenged for it in prospect the hostility and Successful opposition of the House of Peers. It was suffi ciently startling to invite Lord Dunraven to return thanks for the Lords, and to accept a policy thus dictated by so high an authority ; but it was still more unpreced en t e d so to plunge from the ordinary commonplaces of civic feasts into the stormy sea of party politics, and, in the presence of the eminent Liberals whom we have already named, to revile the Liberal party, its policy, and its leader. The Live.l of London must really take steps to instruct the Lord Mayor in the limits of his duties, and the'conven tional courtesies of which he has shewn himself ignorant or careless. THE QUEEN'S RETURN FRO3I BALMORAL.— Her Majesty the Queen and the Royal Family are expected to return from Balmoral about the 15th of next month. ANOTHER TRADES' PROSECUTION AT PARIS. several members cf the management of the International Working Men's Association have again been tried by the Correctional Police, Paris, on a charge of violating the law by establishing a society of more than twenty mem• ben, without authorisation. This was a second offence, two rr ontlis back the same association was condemned and dissolved, and the persons then accused fined 100 f. each. An appeal was then lodged, which has not yet been heard. Meanwhile the defendants persisted, and declared their intention to disobey the judgment of the Pint Culla, Having repeated the offence, and now avow. ing it, the Tribunal h as aga i n d ec l are d th e I nternat i onal Association of Working Men to be dissolved, and eon , demned the accused, nine in number, each to three mouths' luiprinnnaent end 14cd. fine, LAW AND POLICE: THE PUBLICATION OF "Goon WORDS."—It Will be remembered that a case bearing on the publication of cer' thin articles called " Eastward," which were published in Good Words, and then separately, were the ground for an action, "Strahan v. Graham," in Vice-Chancellor Sir R. Malins's court. His Honour then decided that or, the construction of the contract the plaintiff had no right to publish the tale separately, and that decision was con firmed on appeal. An inquiry had been directed asi to the amount of damages to which the defendant hvas entitled by reason of the sale of certain copies wiich had been sold, and the Chief Clerk had finmd that the defendant was entitled to £2 12s. 6d. per copy. Mr. Bristowe now applied claiming £3 3s. per copy. His Honour was of opinion that there was no fraudulent in tention originally on the part of Mr. Strahan. The de fendant had now taken an extreme view of his rights, although it was probable that if the plaintiff bad applied, in the first instance, to Mr. Graham, some arrangement might have been come to; but as matters stood, he had, as it turned out, done wrong. His Honour could not now interfere, and both summonses must be dismissed. THE DUKE OF BUCCLEIICII'S PROFERTY.—The argu ment in the case of the Duke of Buccleuch v. the Metro politan Board of Works, for damage done to his grace's mansion, is at last finished. After three days' argument in the Court of Exchequer, before the full court, the Lord Chief Baron, in a very long and lucid judgment, ruled that the finding of the learned umpire was correct, and the plaintiff entitled to maintain his verdict, and in this view the rest of the learned barons concurred. DARING BURGLARY. -At the Middlesex Sessions, Charles Ewens was charged with stealing eight forks, eleven spoons, and one mustard-pot, value £l5, the property of Mr. T. It Grassie, of 18, Dorset-square. In the afternoon of the 16th of April, Amelia Reed, a servant to the prosecutor, heard a slight noise, and on going to the pantry found the prisoner taking the silver, She screamed, and he gave her a violent blow on the chest and escaped, but four days afterwards she met him, recognised him, and gas e him into custody. The prisoner, who defended himself, asked a question of the police officer, whether, knowing he had been pre viously convicted, he bad not threatened to give him ten years' penal servitude on the first opportunity. The officer denied it. The jury returned a verdict of guilty. Several convictions were then proved, and the accused was sent to penal servitude for a term of seven years. AN UNDERGRADUATE'S BANKRUPTCY. —Before Mr. Commissioner Holroyd, Martin Luther Cumming, described as formerly of Oriel College, Oxford, after wards of Montague-place, Russell-square, and lastly of Whitecross-street Prison, asked to pass his examination and for an order of discharge. He attributed his failure to "the insufficiency of his income •(which was derived from friends) to meet engagements principally contracted while at college at Oxford." The debts were £661, and it did not appear that there were any assets. Mr. Neal, jeweller, of Edgware-road, a creditor for £45, opposed in person, and complained of the mode in which his debt had been incurred. He said that the bank rupt had been introduced to him by Mr. Prescott, an under graduate of the university (who some time since passed through this court), as a gentleman, not only of good family, but of property. He believed the bankrupt to be the son of Dr. Cumming, the celebrated preacher. Tho dealings commenced in 1866, and he considered that the bankrupt had no means of paying the debt. He asked that the bankrupt should render further accounts over a period of two years. Mr. Reed said the case afforded another illustration of the facilities given to students to incur debts. Mr. Commissioner Holroyd intimated that there might be faults on both sides, and that traders who were aware of the law ought not to give credit too easily. His Honour ordered an adjournment ; the bankrupt to file a cash account for twelve months, and a statement of his transactions with Mr. Neal, with liberty to amend the accounts already filed. EXTENSIVE POSSESSION OF FORGED NOTES.--At the Thames Police-court, Jaiveel Frankle, of Liverpool, bullion dealer and pawnbroker; Barnard Harris, Whitechapel, cloth merchant ; Moses Cohen, Woolwich, rag merchant ; Oscar Rewmans, City, commission agent ; and Solowey Zeik, Soho, all Jews, were brought before Mr. Benson, charged with having in their possession, offering, and ut tering 1,512 forged five-rouble notes, four 25-rouble notes, and one 100-rouble note, representing the current notes of the Empire of Russia, for the payment of money, and also conspiring to offer and utter the same and other notes. After hearing some formal evidence the case was re manded. It is expected that some important facts with regard to the n'anufacture of forged notes will be brought to light. THE LAW OF FINDING IN CABS.—At Lambeth Police conrt, Henry Tonne, cabdriver, badge 12,043, was chatged with not delivering to the nearest police-station a valu able meerschaum pipe, the property of Mr. R. A. Gillespie, a student of St. John's College, Cambridge. The case was before the magistrate previously, when further evidence was required. It appeared that on the night of the university boatrace the defendant offered the pipe to a person named Smith, and he bought it for 103. He afterwards raffled the pipe, and the winner subse quently pledged it for 55., and it had been traced by the police. The defendant was pent to prison for a month, and the magistrate revoked his license. CAPTURE OF AN ENGLISHMAN BY BRIGANDS IN TURKEY. A telegram has been received from Malta, announcing the capture by brigands of Mr. J. W. Stevens, an English engineer, and Mr. Charles Van Lennep, a Netherlands subject, in the Smyrna district. Mr. Charles David Van Lennep is the Swedish Consul at Smyrna, and has married an English lady allied to one of our first mercantile !amilies in the City. Mr. Van Lennep, in conjunction pith his brothers-in-law, Captain Ogilvie and Captain 3rant (son of the Governor of Malta), has been carrying put an extensive course of agricultural operations with English machinery. For the management of the ma ,hinery he had engaged Mr. Stevens, . a mechanical engineer, long settled in the country, and much esteemed. He was formerly engineer of the Smyrna Steam Flour Mill Company, and was for many years in the service of the Ottoman Railway Company. The circumstances under which they were captured are not yet fully known, and the mail hourly expected may not bring full particulars, as they were captured on the 16th, and the .etters will be only to the 18th. It was stated in the telegram that the band consisted of thirty men, and that ;hey had demanded a ransom of £3,000, or £1,500 each, on the threat of sending in their heads if the sum were not sent. Mr. Van Lennep's family, it is stated, were prepared ;o send in the £1,500, but nothing is said as to Mr. Stevens, and, indeed, as he had to bring up a large family, his cir cumstances do not admit of his paying any such sum, which can only be furnished by advances from her Britannic) Majesty's Consul, or by public subscription. The band must be newly formed, as this is its first exploit, and its existence was only surmised. That district has been un disturbed for many years, and, so little was the existence of a band of brigands known, that a Smyrna picnic had been arranged in the neighbourhood of the Seidekene station. The band is very unlikely to be Turkish, as the Yuruks in the mountains, even if on bad terms for the moment with Mr. Van Lennep, could not safely execute such a plan as this. It is most probably a hand of Greek marauders, Cretan volunteers, and others, landing from the islands, and making their way up from the little peopled lonian coast ; such would receive sympathy from the inhabitants of the Greek villages on the plains. As the brigands are now armed with breech-loaders they will prove a great source of trouble to the local authorities, as they have the range Df thirty miles of mountain, and have the sea-coast to escape by. It is to be hoped that by this time the ransoms have been paid, and that Mr. Stevens and Mr. Van Lennep have been thus rescued, for otherwise the consequences may be serious. Each is about 55 years of age, and although athletic they have been suffering from intermittent fever, and would be ill able to bear the privations of accompanying the brigands in their mountain wanderings, and the bloodthirsty villains into whose hands they have fallen are quite capable of carry ing out their threat of murder. The Governor-General is too sagacious to attempt any plan of rescue by force; he can only trust to the chance of acting against them after the return of the captives, but if the brigands succeed in getting a large sum they will make their escape to Syra or some of the neighbouring Greek islands. PROPOSED CONSERVATIVE BANQUET IN EAST KENT.—The Conservatives of the Ashford district intend to celebrate their great victory at the recent election for East Kent by a grand banquet at the Corn Exchange on the 16th of June next. The chair is to be taken by Sig Edward KnatchbuU, who represents a family which for many generations has taken the lead in maintainin g Con servative principles in East Kent. THE NORTON FOLGATE MURDER.—The inquiry respecting the 'death of Mrs. Emma Grossmith, the wife of an eating-house keeper, and who is alleged to have died from the effects of injuries inflicted upon her by a shopman named Mackay, was resunjed on Tuesday. The facts of the brutal outrage have already been reported, and nothing of importance was brought forward. The pro ceedings were again adjourned in order that several weapons, and a waistcoat upon which blood was found, might he examined by Dr. Letheby. Mackay is still at large, he baying been last seen near Tstroplwicb. THE SUN, LONDON, WE EVENING, MAY 27, 18G8. FEMALE MEDICAL SOCIETY; The fourth annual meeting of tne promoters of this society took place on Monday, at St. George's Hall, Regent-street ; the Earl of Shaftesbury presiding. Dr. Edmunds, in explaining the objects and proceedings of the society, observed that it had been established for the pur pose of promoting the education of women in that branch of the medical profession which in former times was entrusted to their hands, but which, notwithstanding the duties were such as they could most thoroughly and pro perly undertake, had in later years been almost monopo lised by men, owing to their superior powers of organisation and collegiate education. The report of the society's operations stated that the society had founded an auxi liary medical college to teach women obstetrical science and the necessary branches of medicine ; and its arrange ments were framed to supplement the practical instruc tion already attainable at the lying -in hospitals. During the last year an alliance had been effected between the Female Medical Society and the British Lying-in Hospital, by means of which both insti tutions would greatly augment their separate spheres of usefulness. The students enrolled at the college now amounted to 69. Of these a considerable number were already settled in practice as lady midwives, and were succeeding so admirably that amongst a large number of patients whom they had attended not a single death nor any sort of casualty or misfortune had occurred. Twenty one of these ladies enrolled themselves as obstetrical students during the first two years, and 48 during the last two years, and there was every probability that this number of students would continue to increase. Of the 69, 13 were widowed, 21 married, and 35 single. There could no longer be any doubt that the college would ulti mately prove self-supporting, and also become an impor tant and growing section of the society's work. The time, however, had now arrived when an organisation which was of proved capacity and utility should be consolidated and completed by Royal Charter or Act of Parliament. The committee, therefore, asked that a special fund of £l,OOO should be established for the purpose of obtaining this boon, and that the balance of the same should be de voted to the foundation of a museum and library in the college. During the last year the society's income from donations, subscriptions, and students' fees had amounted to £521, while the total disbursements had been kept down to 2170. The account of assets and lia bilities showed that the society was in a sol vent condition, and when certain unpaid items were received there would be a surplus of nearly £2O ; but there was still a charge against the society of £lO7 as the balance still owing of the treasurer's advance, and this it was hoped would soon be liquidated. The report, on the motion of Lord Houghton, seconded by Colonel Pitcairn, was adopted, and resolutions were passed in furtherance of the objects of the society. The chairman, in addressing himself to these, Observed that the association was pro. ceeding on a perfectly fair and legitimate principle—viz., the qualifying of females to treat the diseases of women and children ; and he was fully assured that their perse verance in the course they had so successfully begun would eventually secure a most valuable boon to the tr—munity at large. RELIGION IN FRANCE DURING 211 E REPUBLIC OF 1848. The prompt and sanguinary suppression of the outbreak in June, 1848, did not put a stop to the stormy discussions which took place at the National Assembly, composed of men of such a variety of opinions. The solemn promulgation of the Constitution, how ever, took place in front of the Tuileries in October, 1848. It was easy to see that the destinies of France could not be conducted by such an assembly. A second Chamber, called the Constituent Assembly, was elected. The number of members was reduced to 750, and afterwards again to 280. Louis Napoleon was named President of the Republic for four years, then for ten, when he took up his resi dence at the Tuileries, and was installed in the Cathedral of Notre-Dame, as Prince President. This was the first step towards the restoration of royalty. It is something to be seated, with the sanction of religion, in the palace of the ancient kings of France. The people, more especially in the rural parts of France, said that peace and prosperity could only be re stored by a crowned head ; they were all in favour of a Prince-President for ten years, and both the Prince and the Chambers had the good sense to preserve the liberty of religion and the liberty of education gained bythe revolution of 1848. This, however, did not prevent the clamour going on in Parliament, until the violence of the speeches brought about the coup d'etat which ended in the revolution of 1852, when Louis Napoleon was proclaimed Emperor. In the meantime the first National Assembly had voted the sending of an army to relieve Rome from the hands of the Red Republicans. Everybody felt that order could not be restored in France unless the head of order was restored to his throne. In Eng land, since the importation of Fenianism from the United States, the value of order is more than ever appreciated. It was an ardent desire of order that brought about the coup d'etat in 1852, and gave the death-blow to the Republic, although it had conferred liberty on France. The people did not see then what use the Emperor would make of his power. They were tired of the violent discussions in the Chambers, and were glad to see the pageantry of their ancient kings restored again to the Tuileries. In the departments they knew the - cost of putting down the Red Republi cans in June, 1848. But the departments have no kind of influence over Paris. They are the slaves of prefects, who themselves are only paid servants of the Minister. The only liberty that the departments enjoy is the right of petitioning, but such petitions to the Cham bers are, as a general rule, met by passing to the order of the day, and no further notice is taken of them. Had the Republic restored liberty to the ancient provinces, it might have strengthened its hold on the country ; but this could only have been done by calling in religion to its help, and true Catholic principles. It is the independence of each separate state in the United States of America which constitutes the force of that Republic. In a large country like France, where there still exists strong pro vincial feelings, there are wants which are not felt in Paris, and such wants can only be pro perly treated by those who feel and know them; it is, therefore, most unjust that Paris should have to decide questions of reform which it knows nothing about. This injustice will some day be the cause of a violent movement, for the departments will not always remain the slaves of Paris. The ancient noblesse preserved their liberty by a retired life, and by increasing their kindness towards the peasantry ; they are still called " Master" by those good-hearted people, and are loved and obeyed, because the peasant knows who is worthy of his respect and of his love. He feels at home with the ancient proprietor of the soil, and looks down with a doubtful eye upon every stranger or wealthy upstart of the day. Strangers to the province or wealthy upstarts are regarded with a doubt ful eye. Such men can only obtain considers; tion if they are distinguished by a high cha racter for virtue and religion. In the great manufactories which are to be found in different parts of France, some of them employing as many as 6,000 hands, where the masters are conscientious and reli gious, the highest respect is shown to them by the men. The workman is proud of his master, and the master looks after the wants of his men ; he provides them with suitable cottages, with food, clothing, &c. Excellent schools, con ducted by Christian Brothers, are provided for their children. In such places is seen the Sis ter of Charity in a clean, white dress, going wherever sickness calls her ; the cure, too, looks like a father amidst his children ; he shows the workmen in these vast manufactories that the things of this earth are to be enjoyed in purity and sobriety, and that labour is evi dently their true vocation, which, when done for the love of God, must lead them to Paradise. What satisfaction cannot be read in every face in such Catholic manufactories; and how diffe rent they are to what is seen in those where religion is not the basis of obedience. In these you may trace the baneful effects of a base and reluctant slavery which degrades the men, and is the initial cause of those strikes so common in our days. ' The parvenu, by pur chase of an estate, let his fortune be however great, is always looked upon by the peasantry with suspicion. His only way to gain respect is to go to church on Sundays, to be on good terms with the cure, to lead a virtuous life, and show the greatest respect for religion. It is in that way and by the every-day care that I the clergy take of the poor and the sick that I the salutary influence of the Catholic religion is kept up in France. It is not as in Eng land, where religion is kept up by luxury, finery, and fashion. But the religion of Christ is not the religion of the world. The world has its own ways, and is constantly attacking the true religion in newspapers, novels, pam phlets, and meetings, is constantly holdi n g u p ever/Catholic priest to contempt, and declar ing, if not in so many words, that every Catholic King who goes to Church on Sun days ought to be banished. Yet, in spite of the teachings of freethinkers and atheists, wherever the Catholic religion enj o y s an y kind of ordinary liberty it keeps up its influ ence, although it may be taught by very simple and plain men. In France, however, the seminaries have produced some very learned priests antiorators of great distinction ; the clergy of France can bear comparison with the clergy of any other country in the world. They are distinguished for their kind and cheerful character, for their self-denial, which makes them so easy of access, and for their never-failing zeal for the salvation of souls. The visiting of the sick and the poor is their e a p t e t c e ul n d i peculiar o a ffi s c e e a r . ly a The s fi five e o n oc fe e s l s o i e o l n c n l s , also, the m o a r n r ing: In, the rural Catholic p arts of France, where the population goes to church, Mass is celebrated every day at five o'clock in the morning, and not later than six in winter. It is the purity of the lives of the clergy and their devoutness which is the cause, in spite of so much evil and so many obstacles, that has still preserved the Catholic religion as the re ligion of the great majority in France. It is the clergy who have saved France from sec tarianism. It was the power of Catholicism in France which overthrew the republic in 1862, because its leaders were in the main irreligious men. .It was Catholicism which decided the general vote when Louis Napoleon was proposed as Emperor. The morality of the country stood in need of a dictator. At the time he was the only dictator possible. The ruin of France by the first Empire had been forgotten fields . France under hadth e glorybeen curedo of s o many ofit s b a deeptt l e wounds. The population was once more on the increase. The Parisians were tired of bar ricades in the streets, and of the daily conspi racies going on in the midst of the violent discussions in the Chamber. The whole of France was tired of anarchy. In our next article we will show what use the Emperor made of the rmlimited power given him; it will take in the period from the revolution of 18:52 to the present day. At a time when so great a change is taking place in public opinion, it is more than ever necessary that contemporary history should be correctly stated, especially as, in our day, it is so con stantly perverted by anti-Christian writers. Truth has never been more called for than now, so that straightforward and unbiassed minds may see these so-called liberal ideas in their true light, which may lead to greater wisdom, and to that general peace after which every body aspires. —Correspondent of the Westminster 7HE STATE TRIAL. - 0 - (From the Angio-Awrican Times) The news was known last Saturday night that the Senate Court had voted on the eleventh Article of the Impeachment charges, and acquitted AN DREW JonNsoN by a majority of one ; the voting being for Guilty, 35 ; Not Guilty, 19 ; which is just one less than the requisite two-thirds. The House then adjourned to the 266. The moving springs of this strange actio❑ is the desire to defeat BEN WADE'S electioneering tactics. A proposition had been made in the Chamber for an adjournment of ten days, and it is now clear that that proposition has been acted on, the object being to delay the trial till after the Chicago Convention meets. In deed, in this matter the Senate is acting the part of the Cornwall par.,;oa when news reached the congregation that a wreck had come ashore. He detained his hearers till he could descend from the pulpit and disrobe, when a fair start was given to all. After the nomination of the Republican can didate for Vice-President, one of the many objec tions to BEN WADE will be removed, for he then becomes powerless to use the Presidential patronage to forward his interests in the matter. The general feeling here appears to be that this vote is decisive on Impeachment; that having rejected an Article which iu a general way recapitulates the charges, that this Court cannot vote the President Guilty on the minor counts. IV e believe this to be a mistake, and consider that ANDnEw JOHNSON'S chance of ac quittal would have been greater had this vote been given on the first Article, which declares the removal of EDWIN STANTON from the War Office to be in violation of the Tenure-of-Office Act and the Constitution, the seven following Articles being more or less variations of this charge. The recess of ten days, if the Senate had made up its mind, and the votes as given on the eleventh Article could be relied upon for the other ten, is an unmeaning proceeding ; nor would the members have exposed themselves to the persecution they are sure to en counter so long as the case remains undecided, without some distinct object. Our opinion is that on next Tuesday ANDREW JOHNSON will cease to be President of the United States, as on some, if not on all, of the first eight counts the probabilities are that the verdict will be Guilty. The vote embraced every member of the Senate, being the two Senators from 27 States, JOHN EVANS, and J. B. CHAFFEE, from Colorado, not being admitted. If the Chief Justice voted, and BENJAMIN WADE also voted, the number must have been 55, pro vided all the other Senators were in their seats, in which case, therefore, either Mr. CHASE or Mr. WADE did not vote. Considering how near the event, what many predicted must really have hap pened, that either the Chief Justice or a single Senator decided the question last Saturday ; and we presume that Mr. FESSENDEN carried with him his colleague Mr. MORRILL, of Maine; GRIMES, of Iowa; SPRAGUE, of Rhode Island, and ANTIIONY, his col league ; TuRNnuLL, of Illinois ; and HENDERSON, of Missouri. A number all but one sufficient, with the eleven Democrats who every one knew would cast a solid party vote, to decide the question. Maine, Rhode Island, Maryland, Delaware, and Kentucky have, we calculate, given the votes of both their Senators against the charge. Of course this is mere conjecture ; but enough is known of the opinions of the Senators to make us feel confident that we are not far from the mark. There is a strong and in creasing dislike to the elevation of Mr. WADE into the Presidential chair. If the Senate sanctions the appointment of General SCHOFIELD, and General GRANT gives that officer some. sort of guarantee that in case of election he will continue him in the War Office, the main difficulty in a verdict of Not Guilty on all the charges would be removed. SCHO FIELD, if pressed by his friend GRANT, would doubtless, although at the sacrifice of his position in the army, take the post. With that arranged the Senate knows what it has to expect till ANDREW JOHNSON'S term has expired. But the Senate does not know what will be the result of placing its PRESIDENT in the White House. The Senators dread what the Nation calls the advance of the war-horse section, with head and tail erect, neigh ing, snorting, and plunging. Had it not been for the inexcusable folly of ANDREW JOHNSON, the ex treme Radicals would have sunk into insignificance. But one of the points which has so grieved and annoyed all moderate men with ANDREW JOHNSON is the infatuation which dictated the measures which brought the " war-horses" so conspicuously forward. The Senate is a body of cautious statesmen and lawyers, and the prospect of a BEN WADE Cabinet an d a BEN WADE President is not alluring. Not only w ould the Presidential office be degraded by a sen tence of deposition, and a change .effected in the Constitution of the United States the extent of which no man can now estimate, but an immediate change would be brought about which might produce an effect as startling as it was undesirable. Already a bill has been framed by the Protectionists, raising the tariff, sonic say, to an average rate of 100 per cent., which they hope to push through C ongress during the BEN WADE Presidency, and the co untr y will then beshut out from commerce as was Japan from foreign intercourse a few years ago. Mr. WADE'S no tionsof financeare believed to be in the highest degree crude; and it is known that he is a strong oppo nent of Mr. M'CULLOCH'S system, which receives the support of the most enlightened economists in America, and most business men who desire by fair and honest means to carry on their undertakings. Mr. GREELEY is talked of as Mr. SEIVARD'S suc cessor, and General B. F. BUTLER is pressing hard for the mission to England. 'Thus the foreign as we'.l as the home policy would be changed, and the " war-horses" introduced into the highest offices of State. This is not a pleasant prospect for a cautious body like the Senate, while ex tensive arrangements are known to be in pro gress for extorting from the Chicago Convention Mr. WADE'S nomination for the Vice-Presidency, some even going so far as to claim for him the Pre sidency. On the other hand, ANDREW JOHNSON can do but little harm. In a few months his suc cessor will be named, when he will sink into a mere cypher. He has no office to aspire to, and no party to back him, and during the trial he was wholly deserted, even by the office-holders who would not now consider it worth their while to pay homage to that idol. The Republican party will lose little even in the Presidential cam paign, as they will command the aid of Cus tom houses and Post Offices, whether ANDREW JOHNSON be President or not. The long and short of it is, that ANDREW JOHNSON is a tiger with his teeth extracted and claws pare', and BEN WADE is a tiger with both teeth and claws, and the Senate as keeper having fought the battle that subdued one obstreperous animal, doubts the wisdom of replacing it by another untamed of the same species. These facts have weighed so heavily on the Senate as to produce the vote on the eleventh Article now re corded, and to lead to an adjournment, which will end Mr. WADE'S chance of using the Presidential patronage, if he ever gets it, to forward his nomina tion to the Vice-Presidency by bribing the Chicago Convention. [ ADTERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Pills.—No medicine can surpass these pills in their purifying and corr ecting powers over every organ of the body. Stomach, liver, lung, heat t. and kidue s soon display subjection to their influ ence, by which all diseases of those organs are arrested, all obstructions removed, and every function is healthily performed. The digestion is by their influence so im proved that scarcely any food disagrees ; acidity and flatu lency are alike checked , nausea and biliousness disappear; firmness is given to every muscle and tone to every nerve; the mind becomes exhilarated, and the thoughts become cheerful. These wonderful pills corract dyspeptic habits, whether resulting from residence in hot climates or over indulgence ; they secure by night sound and refreshing sleep, which fits the body for renewed exertions. EXTREMES AIIEET. (From the Anglo-American Times.) We have always thought that BEN. BUTLER, BEN. WADE, and TIIAD. STEVENS were bold men ; but the full measure of their audacity has been hidden from us till revealed by AMEDEE 11. SIMONIN. This gentleman has written a pamphlet on the Resump tion of Specie Payments, and on the dangers which threaten modern civilization. At present we deal with the last only of the three dangers, which the author states to be, that " a certain number of men who, in the United States, enjoy great political in fluence, have formed the project of destroying self government here (in the United States), and of forming an oligarchy, of which they will assume the direction." The oligarchy is evidently the ex treme Radical party—the " war-horses ;" of whom the gentlemen we have named are the best known. It is said that extremes meet, but if M. SIMONIN is to be credited, in this instance they have abso lutely "collided." Imagine such a man as TIIAD. STEVENS being one of a conspiracy to overthrow the liberties of the citizens, and to erect a rule of caste more grinding than that of Bramah. lie who declares that to refuse the suffrage to the negro is to deny GOD, is, it now appears, at the head of a conspiracy to thrust on the United States a thou sand tyrants, and erase every v,!stige of liberty out of the great Republic. The author says that in ridding itself of slavery by violence, the nation has forged another chain of which the links are exag gerated governnzentalism, miletaryism, an etor mous public debt, exorbitant taxes, the im poverishment of the mass of the citizens, the de crease of production and of public wealth, and the more than proportional increase of vice and crime ; a frightful decline in public conscience and morals; and, finally, the most dangerous of all the links, the domination of Jaeobinistn. The indifference of worthy people to public matters has caused the evil which has attained overwhelming proportions. A State has been formed in the State, composed of office-seekers, budget-eaters, political pillagers of public funds, a powerful corporation who now be lieve they possess the right divine to the State revenues. There are in the United States, says M. SIMONIN, " about a thousand men who form a well-organized political party. They have their leaders, from whom they receive the word of order, and whom they obey as blindly as Jesuits obey their general. They are making every effort to introduce in their exclusive interest a political regimen nearly similar to that which exists in Russia. If they succeed, instead of having a single Autocrat, we shall have at least for a time a thousand, then five hundred, then three hun dred, until in fine, when the propitious moment shall have come, we shall have but the Pri nce o f the Senate as was the custom in Rome. • These thousand men, as ambitious as they are puritanical, and animated by that spirit of domination which characterises the Scythe-Tartar-Mongol race, wish 'to establish an oligarchy, of which they will name themselves the Patricians." (0 THAD ! we have found you out ; go back to your paternal roof, if the little cottage still stands, and contemplate the lowliness of your origin, and the extravagant ambition of your designs.) "To attain their aim they rend the Constitution, create independent military dictatorships, necessarily destructive of Executive power. They are now at work in demolishing the Supreme Court, leaving but their own of the three powers organized by the founders of the Republic. The palladium of civil and political liberty being, as they know, the inde pendence of each local constituency, the oligarchs have placed the city of New York under the con trol of the Legislature at Albany, and enacted that any Mayor may be removed by the Governor. Laws are passed which authorize the violation of the rights of domicile, to seize persons, books, pa pers, to make searches and perquisitions similar to those made by inquisitors and by the sbirri of absolute powers. 'They make laws, called Maine law, Sunday law, and whoever infringes them is arrested, taken to prison, and tried in a criminal court. There are States where swearing is punished by a fine of 50 cents, others by a dollar, others by imprisonment." They go further ; they wish to destroy the Presidential office, that they may re main masters, establishing legally the oligarchy of the thousand, and Mr. SUMNER presented a petition to the Senate demanding that the office should be ' abolished, and replaced by an administrative com mission, which simply means the installation of the oligarchy. "See," exclaims M. SIMONIN, " what is now passing in Washington ; the thou sand have violated the Constitution, they are going to get rid of the PRESIDENT, put Mr. WADE iu his place, and then establish the administrative commission, of which all the members are to be chosen in their party. It will be easy for them then to make the coup d'etat that they meditate." Their project existed long ago, and immediately after the war they invented what is vulgarly called in politics "a see-saw," by which unfortunately the Americans are caught from want of reflection, the " see-saw" being Reconstruction. You cannot reconstruct a thing not demolished ; the States were never out of the Union, and slavery disappeared for ever in the whirlwind of the rebellion ; the Union remaining intact, minus slavery. Reconstruction then is a dodge, invented by the thousand to perpetuate themselves in power and prepare their coup d'etat. One of the strongest points of the oligarchy, according to M. SIMONIN is protection, designed to enrich their friends and adherents, the great manu facturers, at the expense of the poor. While other nations advance resolutely towards international free exchange, the thousand, who have already laid the first foundation of their oligarchy, make more and more prohibitions, making their friends richer and richer, and undermining the country more and more. The consequences of the acts of the oligar chists are easily shown : " Ist. There is no country where the person of a citizen and his property enjoy less security than in the United States. " 2dly. There is no country where there is less civil liberty. " 3dly. Nowhere are there summary and arbi tary arrests as in the United States under vain pre tences, or for simple contraventions of _pure civil rules of order. " 4thly. There are delays and difficulties in arresting real criminals—that is murderers and robbers, but a carter that puts 50 or 1001bs. more on his cart than his horse can easily draw, is at once dragged to prison; so is the family man or woman, who on Sunday or during the week before a cer tain hour in the morning, sells a glass of beer. " sthly. This system, a mixture of Jesuitism, Jacobinism, and Puritanism, of which the general whole forms real despotism, tends to drag down the citizen, paralyses the springs of his energy and destroys dignity. It is a sort of reign of terror, which degenerates and prepares the citizen gradually far submission to the coup d'etat medi tated by the leaders. The thousand oligarchists have a plan which they follow without the slightest deviation. In a foot note the author says the thousand oligarchists are about to depose the PRE SIDENT, under the pretext that he had violated the laws, while it was they who had violated them. It is the beginning of the execution of the coup d'etat so long premeditated ; it is, perhaps, also the beginning of a civil war that will lead us to Mexi can anarchy." The author accounts for the extraordinary sympathy between the United States and Russia (a country evidently M. SIAIO - bête noir) as a portion of the thousand's policy.. While the Managers were thunder ing in the Senate Chamber on the usurpation intended by ANDREW JOHNSON, M. SIMONIN was circulating this pamphlet to show that these men are but the counsel of the oligarchists, whose usurpations threaten even a more vicious rule. If the leaders of the Radicals profess anything, it has been hatred of class distinctions; if they have built up a political edifice on one broad base, that base is the equal rights of all ; if on one point they have pertinaciously opposed the general sentiment of their countrymen, it is ou the enfranchisement of the African race. Yet we now learn that all this is a mere blind, their real object being to establish a class rule of the narrowest and most selfish de scription, and that THAD. STEVENS'S patriotism is simply his desire to erect himself into a patrician. That ridiculous title of his—" The Commoner"— is another blind, a handful of dust in the eyes of his fellow-citizens, the " Aristocrat" being his true aim. No wonder the English find it difficult to understand American politics. Here we have ex posed the oligarchical designs of the extreme Radi cals, who, through universal suffrage. corruption, and bad laws, pass on to their desired end—the usurpation of social and political power by a nar row class. This is Radicalism in America, and the Standard, which has ignorantly regarded BUTLER, WADE, STEVENS, and men of that ilk as its avowed enemies, may, if it looks deeper, discover that they are its warmest friends. There also it will find its great ally, the Protectionists, and in the Russian alliance behold the real feelings which influence the class. We feel much indebted to the author for enlightening us on this subject. 711 E D UNDERBERG. The Dunderberg, now christened the Rochanzbeau after a hero of the American War of Independence, was, after nine months and an expenditure of £BO,OOO, undocked at Cherbourg on the 11th inst., and we suppose is now at sea on her experimental cruise. Au account is given of her in the Pall Mall Gazette, which is not flattering to her builder, Mr. W. 11. Webb. The following remarks are taken from a French journal :-L-" Although ten millions of francs have been invested in her, it is the opinion of the most competent judges that she will not be able to hold the sea for more than four or five years, owing to the bad quality of the wood employed for her construction." The sum paid for her was £294,400 delivered unarmed in Cherbourg, and the cable messages negotiating the purchase with that of the Onotadoga, a monitor of 250-horse power, amounted to four thousand pounds. The anchors were said to be so bad that they were not considered trustworthy, and were therefore re placed by those of French manufacture. The engines had to be sent to Indret for repair or alteration, several armour-plates were replaced, and the stern rebuilt as well as the officers' quarters. The sides of the pontoon, to a depth of 61ft. below the water, are covered with armour 3pn. thick, secured by means of bolts extending some 20in. into the oak planking. The plating on the battery is 41in. thick, and the plates are worked vertically, contrary to the usual practice. The battery i 5 pierced with six portholes in each side, and five in each end, so arranged that the fire from the g uns can be delivered in any direction, or concentrated on a single point, and they are barely larger than the muzzles of the guns. As we have already stated, the Rochambeau was bought unarmed, although two 15-inch Rodman guns, a separate purchase, were on board of her when she arrived atCherbourg.These have been removed for the purpose of experiment. Iler armament is, we believe, to be four rifled g uns of 27 centimetres and ten of 24 centimetres, the former throwing what may be called a 600 lb. shot. It is stated that by means of the gear fitted to them, which includes the Ericsson compressor, these guns can be easily and rapidly trained. The magazines are capable of carrying eighty rounds per gun. The commander's cabin is situated before the bat tery on the lower deck, and abaft the battery are the officers' quarters, not very spacious, and getting their light and air from above. Between the two is the engine, of 1,000" horse-power (no minal), constructed by Messrs. Roach, of New York. This machine, which is on the reverse connecting rod system, is fitted with surface condensers, and drives a four-bladed screw 21 feet in diameter. Besides this large engine there are six donkey en gines for working pumps, ventilating fans, &c., the steam for all being supplied by six boilers. The coal bunkers will hold about 1,000 tons of fuel. The Rochambeau is provided with four boats of various sizes, and, as is usual at present with our own men of-war, with a steam launch. Her crew consists of 590 men, including officers, and of this number the machinery requires no less than 140. A letter from Toulon describes the ship as a splendid instrumen t of war, but leaking like a sieve, as much as a hundred tons of water in 21 hours. What will Mr. Webb say to the cause? which is stated not to be bad construction (for the vessel is satisfactory both for war and sea purposes), but from the bad quality of the wood, which is half rotten. MAILS, &C., SOUTIIAMPTON.—The H anburght American screw steamship Germania, Captain 11. Sehwensen, from Now York on the sth inst., arrived off Cowes last. Saturday, and went on to Hamburg after traDS mating mails, &c., for this port. She brought 24 passen gers for Southampton and Havre, and 215 for Hamburg $837,600 for England, $75,000 for France, $19,000 for Hamburg, and a full cargo, including 150 bales of cot ton and 155 bales of tobacco. Fine weather and lig ht variable winds were experienced during the passage' The following vessels were spoken by the Germania . May 10, in latitude 44 N., longitude 49 W., ship 21PLauchlan ; 11th, in latitude 45 N., longitude 40 ship Lotus; 12th, in lat. 47 N., long. 28 W., bark NO ' 13th, in let. 48 N., long. 23 W., French steame r Europa, American ship Westmoreland, English ship Orilla: and brig Chanticleer; and off the Start, the HamMoliza steamer, from Southampton for New York. The steam . ship At rato, Captain H. Revett, left this port on 14londa1 1 with the West India and Pacific mails; the Amer' a4 Captain G. Ernst, on Tuesday, with mails for New York.; the Teutonia, Captain A. Barends, on Friday, with ny' ll4 for Now York. A Western inventor announces a steam-engi r6 on an entirely now principle. By condensing the stem' thus forming a vacuum, water is raised about 30 feet, ana allowed to fall on an overshot wheel. The invention " said to promise good results, as a safe, cheap, and hig hli efficient power. The lifeboats furnished by the United States G ° ' vernment to the ports on the lakes, have, it is allegt 3 . ° ' been suffered tO , decay through neglect. The recent die' aster of the Sea Bird has called attention to these fill' and the Custom-house officers are advised to make appli cation for now boats, and to take better care of them i ll the future. 1-1 I ADVERT'S EMENT.3-Du Barry s Delicious Health ..kwesto R ev alenta Arabica Food, which contains three times th t nourishment of the best meat, saves fifty times its cost in otlies remedies, restores perfect digestion, strung nerves, sound lung ; healthy liver, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, an d col indigestion d to the most disordered or enfeebled, removing speedily f!' effectually (dyspepsia), habitual constipst ic : is , diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, liver complaints, flatulency, nerves,, ness, biliousness, fevers, sore throats, catarrhs, colds, influeno,„ noises in the head and ears, rheumatism, gout, impurities, sill. tips, hysteria, neuralgia, irritability, sleeplessness, acidity' , P o , pitation, heartburn, headache, debility, dropsy, cramps, sly hg, nausea, and sickness, sinking fits, coughs, asthma, bronq u :,at incipient consumption, scrofula, tightness of the chest, p ata , 7 , a the pit of the stomach, between the shoulders, Sc. We quo' pit few out of 68,000 cures :—The Pope's health restored UY T tie Barry's Food.—Cure No. 63,413. " Rome, July 21, 1866.- - 4,.. health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since , 9 "by aoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely a Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consunios.ll, plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly. bety;,ig cial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot prais I ' l4 excellent food too highly."—From the "Gazette du . I fu 23. Cure No. 49,832.—" Of fifty years' indescribable agony dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flat.ulciso;, spasms, sickness at the stomach, and vomiting." Mari , ' ; f isfi Worthatn, Ling, near Diss, Norfolk.—Cure No. 47,121.---'";,,, Elizabeth Jacobs, of Nazing Vicarage, Waltham Cross, 11.e,qi, of extreme nervousness, indigestion, gatherings, low sP l '" o y and nervous fancies. Important Caution.—Beware of t11 01 ?,,,at unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, d. authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attacu e ,, • In tins at ls. 14d.; 1 lb., 2s 9d.; '2 lbs., 4s. 41,; 5110. I '7/. 12 lbs., 225.; '24 lbs., 405.— BARRY Du BARRY and C 0.., Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason, 1 82, Fle e t /98, and at 61, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheapside; 63 , 150, and Oxford-street ; 330, Strand ; and all grocers and chemists' Births. of BOURSE—Ou the 24th inst., at 37, Piccadilly, the Wife - - Addley Bourne, of a daughter. tile Bußy—On the 25th inst., at 28, Westbourne-qua r-a ' wife of Edward Bury, Esq., of a daughter. eq of HARVEY—On the 25th inst., at Chelte n h am , the W 1 . Commander F. Harvey, R.N., of a son. Mas. 1 BEARD—LEMAIRE— On the 23(1 age inst., at S,• p 0 Church; .Tonathan,y.oungest bon Of the late J. LI; jolif' Esq., of Ebenezer Lodge, Streatham-common Augusta, only daughter of the late Edward A.'l4B— C II ALMERS—MOUNTAIN—IrI the new parish of St . $ O, Kensington, Alexander Chalmers, of Forest -gat e, to Martha Elizabeth Mountain, of Kensington. Deaths. Ole g , ALGAR —On the 25th inst., at 2, Gilbert-street, Iv •• - Dear Altar, for 12 years the valued servant of M essrs. nistoun, Cross, and Co., Cannon-street, London• ii, ,OLOWES—On the 25th inst., at New Buckenhatn, Nor Edward Norris Clowes, Esq., solicitor. are , DELAFOSSE —On the 21th inst., at Weston-sulvrltlio Capt. C. E. Delafosse, Royal Artillery, second so u ° late Major 11. Delafosse, C. 8., aged 1 /9.. , 0 ,09. GREEN— On the 25th just at Dawn* Jane, svii° c" Green, E , :q., of Frome, " Bornerset. TEMPLEMAN —OR the 23d inst., at 5, Cumbarlanterr Regent's-park, Joseph R. Templeman, EDI, f•g ed ;o , 7 bt, l9l WerswinaliT —On the 25th inst., William Wajavrr'sll, 53, Fore-street, City, late of Upper liollowaY gge _-- London : Printed and Published by WILLIAN:10.9„r11:1!% of No. Strand, Printer, at Tan SUN Olio. '7 l l 0 , Strand, 112 in , the Precinct of the Savoy, in the O *ll MidcUasax,—Wednesday, May 27, 1868. ROYAL GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY. The anniversary meeting of this society for the election of president and officers for the ensuing year, for the dis tribution of prizes awarded, and to hear the report of the council and the president's address, was held on Monday afternoon at Burlington House ; the president, Sir Rode rick Murchison, being in the chair. The report of the council gave a very favourable account of the financial condition of the society. Since the last anniversary 190 fellows have been elected, and the total number is now 2,150 ordinary and 72 honorary fellows: The receipts of the year amounted to £5,462, and the ex penditure to £3,943, of which £193 was for the promotion of expeditions. The tctal amount of the funded property is now £15,500, but the whole of that sum, it was stated, will be required for the erection of a building for the use of the society, the want of which is more and more felt as their numbers increase, and it will shortly be still more urgent, as the wing of Burlington House in which their meetings are held will shortly be pulled down. A site for a building facing the new Thames embankment has been promised to the society by the Chief Commissioner of Crown Lands. The additions to the society's library amount to 1,025 volumes of books and pamphlets, and the accessions to the map department consist of 2,380 sheets of maps and charts, 5 atlases, and 50 views. The grants to traveller* amounted to £l6O, of which £lOO was given to Mr. Young on account of the Livingstone Search Expedition, and £5O to Mr. Reid for managing the steel boat. It was stated that the council intend to offer prizes to encourage the study of geography in the principal schools. At the conclusion of the rending of the report of the council the founder's medal was presented to Dr. Augustus Petermann, for his services as a writer and cartographer, and for his many efforts to promote the science of geo graphy, among which it was mentioned by the president, when presenting the medal, that a ship of GOO tons burden, fitted out by Dr. Petermann, would set sail that day for the exploration of• the North Pole. The Queen Victoria medal was awarded to Mr. G4rhard Rohlfs for his im portant travels in the interior of Northern Africa, and a gold watch was awarded to the Pundit employed by Captain Montgomerie for the route survey made from Lake Mausarowar to Lhasa, in Great Thibet. The presi dent made complimentary speeches in presenting the prizes, to which Dr. Petermann and Lord Strangford (who received the watch on behalf of the Pundit) replied ; the latter remarking on the beneficial impression likely to be made on the natives of India by finding their services acknowledged in so distinguished a manner. An alteration in the regulations of the society limiting the introduction of visitors to the meetings by fellows to one, in consequence of the want of space, was proposed and carried ; as was also a resolution relating to the purchase by the Waterloo and Whitehall Railway of the lease of a portion of the premises occupied by the society. The PnESID then delivered theannual address, which was so extremely voluminous that only a portion of it could be read ; but the whole will be published in the "proceedings" of the society. He commenced as usual with obituary notices of the fellows of the society who had died during the past year, dwelling particularly on the great services which bad been rendered to geography, and to science generally, by Sir W. Hamilton, Lord Rosse, Lord Colchester, Captain Mangles, and Mr. John Crawfurd. In his culogium on the last-named gentleman, the presi dent was considerably affected, and he alluded to him as one whom he had known for forty years, and whose loss would be much felt by all the fellows of the society. The president adverted to the necessity which would soon arise of holding their meetings in some other ball temporarily until the building for the Geographical Society was completed, and he intimated that the large hall now nearly finished for the London University might be granted to them for the purpose. He then proceeded to notice cursorily from his amply written address the topics that had engaged the attention of the society and of geographers in general during the past year, in which the pro posed exploration of the North Pole found a distinguished place. The address contained an elaborate exposition of the connection of geology with geography, but there was not time to do more than direct attention to it. The president, however, read a part of his address that related to the pro bable procuring of coal at Natal, a commission having been sent there by the Government on his recommendation to make a survey of the district. He spoke also of the dis covery of gold to the north-west of Natal, and he expressed the opinion that gold and other metal would be found in the mountains in that part of Africa which range south ward from about 21 deg. of latitude and 28 deg. longitude, and that the Ophir from which Solomon received gold was situated on the African coast. Lastly, the president con sidered the course probably taken by Dr. Livingstone and the time when he would be likely to return. In his opinion Dr. Livingstone, after ascertaining whether there was an outlet from Lake Tanganyika, and if so, in what direction it flowed, and having thus nttled the question Of the source of the White Nile, would proceed eastward to Zanzibar, and might be expected in England in November next. Sir S. Baker, however had anticipated that he would go northward down the Nile ; and, taking into consideration the many obstacles he would have to encounter, he could not reach England before late in the spring of next year. Other persons supposed that Dr. Livingstone would strike westward, and appear at Congo ; but, said the president. whichever course he takes he will have proved himself to be the greatest explorer that ever lived, and when he returns his services ought to be suitably recognised by the Government. In the course of the president's address, the scrutineers announced that the list of officers recommended by the council had been elected, including Sir Roderick Murchi son as president, and Vice-Admiral Back, Mr. Galton, Lord Strangford, and Sir A. Waugh as vice-presidents. Thanks were voted to Sir R. Murchison for his address,•and in acknowledging the compliment he said it was time they should appoint some younger man for their president, for he was born in 1792, and his annual address that day was the fourteenth he had delivered. Mr. Alfred Wigan has withdrawn from the management of the Queen's Theatre, but Mr. and Mrs. Wigan will, as heretofore, direct and superintend the pro. .luction of the pieces in which they perform. BATTA TO Tll E ARMY 1N ABYSSlNlA.—Accord ing to the custom with the Indian army at the close of a war, the Indian troops in Abyssinia, with their officers of all ranks, will, in all probability, be granted batta, or one year's _u pay, as a rewao /of their suffering and kilt fo ail do r tto tts tra n , I QZ I Tbi Prize ICJ Sol the A Obs. haws 14, ADv, hold able Porrn It , SID: KAI Mr. P t . P ion Mite SP Alin Rio n. Th. havi r by •Ai r o or .010 C I ) I GL,I a tr i - Strai Pi W 5 8 PW 8 . G Ka ra a ll C Phi 3 ?our, r ( Chen II elirl s 01,-1 ilti c i 1 No ' , teeth el 4 Chen Ii „ --tov E with, fid, ; Vir g Rail, Fia ncy 411 cal i n 1, 07 4 , rrti, I~ itv. Ye ars h e El' 88 ' ~ RN gerv, oc lit na f ord fo oi WA; Ue iro r4 f lak of L. Ile r ,. e t Yea, 21b b c anis 44 0 4 . tcroc4' PI c o , 4 tte N tl 3 ,11et,