The Sun. — London, England, 1851-12-30 00:00:00

Opp A iiiINGENr_Es Dr_c. P.ra for Lt werh. }artsur HEAD Drc. 24.—Bar,:nd BA fo Bay S c ,sterdc.aii. b 'TIIAMPToN, Dic. 27.—Sit}. Fornicate, We Lt dies. Ilb a jEn, DLC. "S.—The Otto , ra, of Waterford, vTai whterlf)g on the D..c., io lat. 42, 4 14. 5 , 3 ; crew sav,d. The O.towa catei at St. Oft -2 ' , 'law Bruns Nick, on the 2i h Nov. from Wnterfut d. 2 9. wPort Laconia, Howeton, St. John's, New Bruris4ie k. in dE.S.E.; P M., S.W.—Arrei. King William, Su 11a;°Ef port, Elizabeth, New Orleans for Antwerp; ° ar et, Dalhousie for Fisrtlepool. ARKET NEWS.—(THIS DALY.) Sk y ,. HAY IVIAEMETS. el. ti IIELD.--ilea.d.w Hay, 2/ 15s to 3/ 15; s."ler I , ll o ,ditto, 315 s to 4/ 5s Od; and Straw, 11 05 to 11 6s 4' 4 - Supply good, and trade dull. 144 XIILAND.— Meadow Ilay, 2/ 15s to 31 17 ; k n e u r ditto, 31 5s to 41 4s; and Straw, 11 is to 11 7a Pir t , 44 . A full average supply, and a sluggish demand. %, -,Ltr EottATEL.—Nioadow Hay, 2/ 155 to 3! 1 Par l er ditto, 3/ 53 to 4/ is Od; and Stra-v. 1/ tees tO 11 Gs °4(l . Trade dull, at bat ely last wtek's p. it o DIZZLI.II th r karkclose dfo r e Christmas holidays, and e open on the 6th January. FUN ERAL ''RA.L OF MR.. TURNER, R.A Th e (THIS DAY.) ,/te this of this veteran ar.ist and great genies th:uis afternoon deposited in their final resting-place f t rev,Pmit of St. Paul's Cathedral, in the presence o tskiomlitant relative., a great number of eminent pro nsi brethren and a considerable portion of the pub d~ The f uneral ' procession, which proceeeed from the hilbi t — 'u'a resid ence i n Q ueen A nne - stree t to Charing -4141; and then al ong the Strand and Fleet - street to St . 1 44 C hurchyard, consisted of the hearse, drawn by I N Ors " , and a long line of mourning coaches and htidie ca rriages, which were attended by mutes with hryiand feather s . Th e serv i ce was performed in a INom'Pressive manlier, and several of the deceased' s 1t Latina thp% ate friend 3 seemed much affected. A more ak e for the int erment o f a painter whose works, 1/447 1 0f ten severely criticized, will be admired as long Nitt a s 111 1 abode in this country, could not have beenthan the great metropolitan cathedral, which ih tis:,, w c ed and made sacred by the face of its being the bliht ti a ° many distinguished men. There can be no „Nol l „ 4 t a stat ue o f T urner c% ill soon occupy a place eil lte "„rse beautiful marble monuments which adorn 4, 0 r Of this vast structure. A t i qb... w4Clr COXED BY A BEAN.—On Friday an i e n a; Oth ae tS held at the Hen and Chickens, Luton, "ich i before Mr. Thomas Hills, coroner for West Kent, s g th e e, ye ar death of William Richard Webb, a youth,.flf e s of age'arts who died on the previous Wednesday, kt," U ton e naPting to swallow a bean. Mr. R. W. Webb, Silsg -j i' e°lll aU, deposed that about eleven o'clock on the y r 0 041. question he was cutting out hay at Mr.. Lock . 4 i t ii tttt a t,IIMI farm, and the deceased, who was with him, te a w l e baen get some straw for makin exclaiming,andsto I);:tlierd?.dder with. He soon returned, . iimping !lit /4 44,0. 1 %e got a pea in my throat ;" and k Oh l AD 4.; , c i t i le t r h c i a s uglit him armshinnthtihsedenand attempted eased exclaimed, ioN,Ptr c i God," and finger,die instantly. Mr. Weekes, of the made a post-mortem examination, and led " s ath was caused from suffocation, produced by a P F AT sett in the larynx. Verdict accordingly. 4 t AW the C CIDENT To A DRAYMAN._Mt. 4or ge d i e .,Puty coroner, held an inquest yesterday at the , l'ttiAlltQaritigh-street, Southwark, on the body of Samuel lo 0 1 ' 1 4, 44 1 a ' , a dray man in the service of Messrs. Barclay, e l l'e ltt , e 4 re l ' e C o o Lebeing the second case of persons belonging 'e h te e Leung to premature deaths within the last four e ri e With tieceased with five other draymen on Friday had . e ti thei rre i urn ir drays to deliver beer in the Harr9w-Toad ,- ° lta lt reet, deceased and another man stopeed Cras%,, try wet, at a Public-house, on leaving which deceased t . t a4 wo behi nd. When deceased's companion had got 14 , 14 a t , hundred yards in advance on looking back he toeklied?Panion being carried from the road, and that the „ktie u ,Srt e s e ed over his bod • He (deceased) said he was , vrig E as, and wished to be conveyed home to Brand s keij°ll)rete°llthvvark, where he died on the following day. their t ires - rued a verdict of „ Accidental Death," at the !Ite , t ehleir l emning the practice of draymen ridingeorn_ 'tt s ad e e ', A gentleman from Messrs. Barclay, P Veole r G i 3 Said it was contrary to orders that the ; t sgte at • ° so; but in consequence of these accidents 1 (1 )te loot I Would be made, in conjunction with the )t ti t r. 4 e n stop to so dangerous a practice. t erd HOLY S - 1r • WATER. — aft e SUICIDE AT VIRGINIA is moon the body of James Nash, the son of Mr. h ie re Sl za,at'reva. blacksmith, of Sunninghill, was found in h t . e llte r b dte i b ir glnia Water, under circumstances . w )11 44 tha , t that the deceased had committed suicide. It 4 1 Ile L l fag e, ,the unfortunate man, who is twenty-eight e t o - fler gone about his work as usual in the morn the Virgiht which. he left home, and proceeded in the three elat t ellerk.i e lt Water. At noon he was observed by . one a ue ,'ePers to throw himself o the High-bridge, 4 gli Xest e pert)" and id,kit 4ea reh eat to the royalp TO , was immediately made, it was an hour and te t '' 4 m atte bod itt ea o Cr of coYu r w se as c r , oiered, d and Th e e very sign of life ~% 01 3,e k lee : e ll e ° , wall, " course, disappeared. J. N." 2: deceased edimmhaed” ik,tettlstillilale-nitleeasdeigned for tlie ' res ' h act, but the melan- Ve ll att ltee4tultabt ceased's family show a , rema.kable and vet ie e e predisposition to sed-destruction on ~ati o r owne eet ista therariwerLs: About twelve years ago a brother ed. 1 , eurnself from off the same bridge,. and . the tilil el i t welve months ago a cousin drowned him e til e I s th e !Water. Many years ago an uncle hung ete..reeesillal(poining wood ; and about seven years ago %'llei,icisouruA himself in a plantation on the Silwood sit 4ci ti't .t aewe s e . (311 Ieel a.knsTER RAILWAY.ThiS company have yee tizir eAW merchandise traffic. t'eeinely 4CCIDENT.-041 Saturday morning a , 41 4 it a i s the e„orlrence took place at Lord Ward's colliery, Sel L seg ee tt °were c i re d u gh Pits." A " banful" of men and boys keitt ' e ct at th ° v.'a one of the pits, when an elderly man,. 4 . i t , t pro z i ruit e Mt, Probably not being aware of the im tp7i,lle64% fall °f the pit's mouth, fell down the shaft, ,l i le c f r ,g skip body striking with great violence the bo~ i a nd "° of them (a young man and a boy) were yell%) beigrecipitated to the bottom of the shaft. tilated. g brought out of the pit, were found to be A t i b :ty ll , r t TUß 's re :_s•—The Lords Commissioners of til tr e , 4 a ccount ?' having directed . that the navigation ef the United Kingdom be f ettst- 411 altered ' l ll form, the collectors and con l i n ptr u olleis tovee der sev eral ports of the United Kingdom to ae 4eit the "tlctis, from a n d a f ter t h e sth o f January kt annually of men in the returns of shiing )e)e. g *transmitted to the registrars-ge p ne p ral op be li t 'srte; 4l l Se nd : -NED AFTER BEING CLOSED 150 lowedtsex "Y last the parish church of Burton, near ‘Pe, fo r 12 was re-opened for Divine service after Nchau CateXicYpre. Burton ouse has been the _seat o , 'N l e amity for nearly two centuries. 'l ll fv. euate in the park in close contiguity to the t t tte at ihe e ni q n the influence of the priesthood, was ° ; 4 ,sigtl i irit of pg was nearly gone to ruin, but the late tutee urhood ° PerY aroused the Protestant feeling of V 4 ,.4.0rd 13 18 ,,e a nd a lib era l subscript i on was en t e red Ni,"l ) l s ly the7l3 esf the diocese joining in it) to renovate ei,ksare' appliances for the carrying on "e t r i le (as staeee e ue work having been completed, the o'oh e as very filled opened 'on Sunday last. The I, k seli a ' n w .as. Well fill e d .3,et the church, which is a very bight, of Bognor, preaching k 4 t w T 'ta 9111 ° 71 Gazette. ). 1 40 141 1 ENott ---T. 14 at that m • is not, we believe, gene ,lN%bettl'eneation a r ' B ,wift, the new tenor who has created e t , th a pupi l ~ao Thursday Concerts, had for many s Wh e i e 9t the -ayal Academy of Music, and Ott, Of yes . PeriOd formed This one of the class of Signer ehie was one of the most distinguished e kli t h aa eve stateintlemen we understand, still attached g e l3 , r edue e d isha leht, which for more than twenty so many distinguished artists to the 4 . ll ke ti PI Al IRK IT • I v. 48 0 ET ..ALL FoUNTAIN. --- 11 1 1 4 Pened on Wed d• • re shire and has sce beea rt , St l ateet M a basin of Yor sandstone,. fifteen )i a, l4Zatee, er r ' i3 :,Ud a capable . of containing one thousand ,itl,,iillciehernriletr:deestaruble plinth of sandstone, suppo . r V i dedof magnesian limestone, on which t h al re alft " , l Work of the fountain. This consists of a e ti till.. 3, four emenounted by a Greek tazza, and Bur brat,u_pires of children emblematic of four of 41 , th e gn " n cnes of industry carried on in Birmingham f e „atltio ns _Maker, glass-b!ower, bronzist, and engi t:leer'Sla 4,Jase, out of which the jet of water pro bet 1 411i nr :L May be termed the apex of the column, rf ti a b ro ta , to the tazza being discharged into the 7te lea} o q l erie N il eight apertures in so mmy lions' i tt en d eu from rings attached to the panels of the k 4 l4' rep t ' reatin., t , • „esen t i tin. b, pen the consoles, are four gro9ps the t;`.l °rile of the, he various commodities sold in ill t oll e getail it . iese is composed of of another of game, k°l o th i/ ell e e s, and a fourth of flowers and fruit. coat 9 0 0114 avpeirt j o te t c l i t e y commedities sold in the hall is expressed. The metal work ytar s a, cl f rom , `p o iNt oce 1-4irerpool mention the stoppage of tNby b e and Son. The liabilities of the house are le ases rathsr large and its difficulties have been 4 ° , 3 ll tete " 4 t et ti „, 14 „ ; '. l l l L )t 4117 11. Y . or ne seat of insurrection on the nor !qit•m rata eadeeeeice reach to the 23d of November. piec es arrived at Matamoras, consisting of 500 No w tbe °lstlrgent forces were under General Uraga. Mean tm as °,o4oe;storrces were again gathering under Car,!_ae eat the head of about 600 men. 11 lie et CI • ould probably attack him, and a battle re 4,, Tice Merchandise lately admitted into Mate -040 te: s fr d_dut" 'es, in order to counteract the smug oyetkihe h_.!.!ntier,. was now to be admitted into the Vtt i getitir r uee giving bonds to pay such extra sum 10 1 . 4. 4 3 at Mexico might decide upon. 14,11 R aBATRE....—Th e new pantomime of art , th . 4 ; iSe n sea t °r, Tire Two London 'Prentices, per etto rteo success at' this theatre, is from the pen author of Box and Cox, the present stage lit/Sett Nti" 4t ) 13 1 g IIAM 4 ) , .4 tn -,RIENINI announce L MUSICAL FESTI . VAL. — q p itiN for September that the next great meeting has . y`eeti!lntt Si mber the 7th. and three succeeding tt k eeeinnrynor Costa has been again appointed CM' ilt/11t4t1 T m Journal. iKti t Yf 14 11 :7 411 a ensuing Hilary Term will ' l4 It all' "" Y week, the usual day, the 11th of k: ! 'ty.N2 , l a Sunda 4 e „te a Ts to 3 7 - S l lo: v tl Ybap e 11""3.1, G RANVILLE.—The French V;, Presented a chest of Sevres porcelain to t).),104. er. bilke. 1 „ ). e ly e esideet the Royal Commission, and a 1 ,, 41 1e, k • ail e e member of the Executive Committe, te t tel at le th e nye e sense it entertains of the part which r l ;4 t e, o l t pl e i n ,tt Exhibition of the Works of Industry lyt t eiStitlf rili . l sion4. a of in. the present year, and the 1 4 1 Ils te er ttiee °J,_ her Majesty's Treasury- desired the 10f 0 ,_eat p„,, ot tue revenue to permit their freed e tiNsti ' 4 4 ei l i ttg th .v : p s e re r their arrival in this country. The rered to ente alluded to have since arrived, : 11 te,their destivation. 4 s et t•ite FOR , T_T ‘t, e,e 4m . a clauFe in t .40,„ era A Ct now k )4 14 1 ° ea l a ar in force the provisions with t ° ffie Y heuse ,ruinousb and dangerous state are ex tlienZ of h ealth building which in the opinion of the etkbi t4tl9l : . Permanently unwholesorao and THE SUN, LONDON, SPIRIT of tie PUBLIC .JOURNALS RE FAMILY CA.BINE HER ALD.—The uppointinent of Lord Glanville to hold the seals of the Foreign Departineet must have at least orie good effint. It must awelre the at telition of this free community to the gross, the scan d> lous system of nepotism awl family cliquerie under which the affairs of this great empire are how vir tually adtnicisterad. We have hinted, and berely hinted, at this subject already. Venice was never more completely or more closely in the hands of a Patrician c oterie than England is now, in the coun cils of its Cabinet, in the hands of a family compact. We ask the atnintian of the aristocracy of this realm—we ask the attention of its great cummcrcisl community—of its high-minded gentry—of its in telligent middle-classes, to a system of administration in the higher offices`of the State, for which no period of the history of England—nay, not even the his tory of the Venetian Republic, presents any parallel. There is at this moment in the Cabinet of Queen Victoria scarcely an esnieption to the rule which selects the constitutional advisers of the Sovereign of a free people exclusively from those connected, either by blood or marriage, with one or other of the two or three families, who, themselves united in close ties of consanguinity, seem determined to narrow the choice of the Sovereign to their own circle. So long as the family cabal that have usurped the name of the Whig party are permitted to nominate the Ministers of Queen Victoria, the choice of the Sovereign in her advisers is virtually limited to the immediate con nexions of some one of the noble houses to whom belong the titles of Grey, Bedford, and Carlisle Of the fifteen members of whom the Cabinet now consists, there are just six whom we do not know to be connected with the families we have named. Our knowledge of these relationships is, we confess, limited to the information afforded us by Burke and Debrett. It is very possible that even the six whom we regard as exceptions are qualified by their offices by relationships that have escaped our not very deep research. The appointment, however, of four out of the six is certainly to be referred to the influences of Whig traditional or family con nexions. To begin with the newly-appointed Foreign Secretary. The Earl Granville is the first cousin of the Earl of Carlisle. He is doubly con nected with the Noble Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster as being also the first cousin of his Grace the Duke of Sutherland and nephew of the Duke of Devonshire. As one of the younger members of the ducal house of Sutherland, he has also the good for tune to stand in the relationship of a kinsman to Lord John Russell. The Secretary for Foreign Affairs, cousin to the Prime Minister and to another leading member of the Cabinet, forms in himself no slight in dication of the family influences that now .control the Sovereign's selection of her advisers. The system of nominating to Cabinet offices members or connexions of one or other of the families we have mentioned, will only be presented to the mind by a glance at the names of the Cabinet. We print the names of the Cabinet as it is now constituted, distinguishing by a star those who are connected with the family alliance. The Cabinet L Ministers are— * ord John Russell. Marquis of Lansdowne , . * Lord Minto. Lord Truro. * Lord Granville. * Lord Grey. Lord Broughton. * Sir George Grey. Sir Charles Wood. * Earl of Carlisle. * Mr. Labouchere. * Sir Francis Baring. Fox Maule. Lord Seymour. Marquis of Clanricarde. To begin with Earl Grey, the head of the most powerful family connexion. He is himself Secretary tor the Colonies. His brother-in-law, Sir Charles Wood, is Chancellor of the Exchequer. His cousin, Sir George Grey, is Secretary for the Home Depart ment. Sir George brings with L ord m a follow theing t :— - Sir Francis Baring, Firsof Ad miralty, is brother-in-law of the Home Se cretary ; Mr. Labouchere, the President of the Board of Trade, is cousin and brother-in-law of the First Lord of the Admiralty. No one certainly will deny that in the persons of these five Cabinet Minis ters, the Grey connexion is very fairly represented in the Councils of the Sovereign. The ducal house of Bedford supplies the Prime Minister. He again is supported by his father-in-law, the Earl of Minto, and his cousin, the newly-appointed Secretary for Foreign Affairs, who again conveniently supplies a closer bond of union between his cousin the Prime Minister, and his cousin the Earl of Carlisle. The alliances and cross-alliances between the noble houses we have mentioned , and those of Cavendish, Gower, and Ponsonby, unite the nine Cabinet Ministers we have poiated cut in the closets bonds of family con nexion. The appointment of most of the remaining Cabinet Ministers is easily traced to the same spirit of aristocratic clansbip which makes the great offices of state the exclusive patrimony of a patrician coterie. The Marquis of Lans et downe re,sents with in all the his Cabinet talents and high characte r, y rep the hereditary claims of the Earl of Shelburne upon the Whig dynasty. Lord Seymour would never have been in the.. Cabinet if he were not the son of a Whig Duke. Even the Chancellor, the Minister of all others whose elevation might be sup posed uninfluenced by aristocratic cr family consi derations, is indebted for his seat on the woolsack more to his alliance with the family of D'Este than to his legal qualifications to be the Keeper of the Great Seal. Lord Clanricarde, the newly-created Lord Broughton, and the son of Lord Panmure, hardly redeem the Cabinet from the imputation of exclusiveness. In vain do we look in the Cabinet of Lord John Russell for any practical recognition o f the principle, that in our free constitution the privi lege of serving the Sovereign is not confined f to any c l a ss or order of men. The exclusiveness o which we complain is not an aristocratic one. It is one that affects the great body of the aristocracy just as much as it does the classes that are unennobled. We pre sume that we have written enough for to-day to con vince every one in the country that the system under which our Ministers are now selected is one of scarcely disguised nepotism—that the principle of Whig liberality is to monopolise the offices of state to two or three family connexions, and convert the Cabinet of the Sovereign into a close corporation that only recognises two rights of admission to its privileges —the right by marriage and that by birth. THE FOREIGN INTRIGUE. rosT.-••••TI38 Ministerial announcement that " Vis count Palmerston bad ceased to hold the office of Secretary of State fur Foreign Affairs," together with the Ministerial explanation of the causes which " not hastily or inconsiderately" led the Government to make so great a "sacrifice," appeared _in the leading columns of a morning contemporary, on Wednesday last, the 24th instant. The fact was stated with offi cial solemnity, and the reasons assigned for it were set forth with great care and precision. No room was left for misapprehension. Lord Palmerston's retire ment from office was characterized as an event of which "it would not be easy to overrate the import ance," either as . it affected "the stability of the Mi nistry," or—what is of infinitely higher moment — "the foreign interest of this nation, at a time unusu ally cr itical in the affairs of Euro p e." It was a " sac rifice" offered by the Government to some superior and offended Power, and we were not left in the dark as to the angry deities whom it was intended t o pacify. Certain foreign Ministers of cer tain foreign States were not "allies" of her Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. They were not his " friends." It was doubted if there _was one of them who did not regard him with " a degree of distr ust and hostility." Topropitiate these " elder statesmen of Europe"—these Ministers of Courts which, one and all, were on terms of per fect amity with the English Government, but which, nevertheless, could not assert sufficient influence in the councils of Great Britain, the "sacrifice" in ques tion was made. The res t of the Cabinet, it appears, were to let the " elder statesmen of Europe" have their own way in matters that. did not concern them. Lord Palmerston alone regarded as of para mount importance the dignity, the independence, the honour and the interests of his Sovereign and his country ; and so " no t hastily, nor inconside ratel y ," and notwithstanding his great and acknowledged im portance to " the stability of the Ministry, and to the foreign interests of this nation, at a time unusually critical in the affairs of Europe," he was "sacrificed' in order that private " alliances" might be formed, and private "friendships" established, where none other than perfectly amicable official relations ought ever to exist. We beg our readers to bear in mind the distinction which we have heretofore marked as being carefully made in the official announcement under consideration. The " alliances" and " friendships " whose non-existence was complained of, were not alliances" and " friendships" . between fo rei g n Courts and the Court of St. J ames 's. Lord Pal merston left every Court in Europe, either in close alliance, or on terms of perfect amity, with the Crown of Great Britain. No, it was Lord Palmerston him self of whom the Times was instructed to complain that he had not an " ally," or, perhaps, a " friend," amongst the " elder statesmen," the Ministers: of Eu ropean States. Whatever Lord John Russell and his colleagues may think of the matter, the proof of Lord people of England will consider this as a o Palmerston's fidelity to his Sovereign andbis of country. " He is.too Eeglish, ' say those " elder statesmen eir of Europe," and, with a dignity which becomesth ags and position, they are in the habit of adding, LI Ce diable de Palmerston, it fait tout az This, we are far from denying, patrie ' L i the is all very ilzr w s e a ll fo "elder statesmen of Europe." It is natural that should like, in the councils of her Majesty, uMiniseyr whose instincts and sympathies are less English, and whose policy is more easily ever.reacired. But the people of England see v.ith alarm—nor, indeed, the stAility of the itusell Ministry endangered," bat tile "interests of this nation" im , lerilled at a time so " unusually critical in the allure of Europe," by the "shcrifice' of a rtatesruan against whom the oely complaint alleged is admitted to be that he loves his country so well, and serves his Sovereign so faithfully, that he prefers the iudependence of the one and the dignity of the other to the good or ill pleasure of certain foreign politicians, who are named the "elder statesmen of Europe," Great pains have been taken, by the very few papt rs that attempt any defence of the Ministry, in this novel and most disgraceful pro ceeding, to shift the ground of justification. There is no change of policy, they tell us now, in the Cabinet. And it is not "foreign agents" who have done this thing. The retirement of Lord Palmerston is attri . butable now altogether to a wide and marked dif ference between the "views" of that statesman and the " views" of his late colleagues upon—as wall as between his " mode " and theirs " of dealing with such an emergency " as that created by the recent events in France. We are, nevertheless, assured, on the same day, from sources equally authentic, that the "views" and "mo,les of dealing" in question are identical, and we have affirmed, upon authority which will be found to be correct, that the French Govern ment has been diligently assured of the fact. These after-thoughts are inadmissible in so weighty a mat ter, and they are not less destructive of themselves than of the original and official explanation with which we are dealing. But we transcribe from another part of our paper the following words, written at Vienna, on ,the 23d instant—the day immediately preceding the announcement in the Times. They are not from our own correspondence, but reach us, in common with all our contemporaries, via Paris, and amongst the usual public intelligence from the former capital. They are as follow : " Vienna, Dec. 23. " Rumours are current here of negotiations said to have been engaged in by high personages in England wlib. our Court, without the knowledge of Lord Pal merston. Tneir object is said to be a rapprochement be tween the two Courts, and the retirement of the Noble Lord from (Moe is announced as certain to happen soon. The first index of this rapprochement has been the ad mission of Lora Westmordand to an audience, and his invitation to dinner by the Emperor. " There are many persons who affirm loudly that England will return to the continental policy, which does not mean the institution of a military Government repugnant to the habits and tastes of the English"— [How very condescending!]—" but her adhesion to the counter-revolutionary system. It is to be commenced by the expulsion of the political refugees, and by sup porting all measures that can destroy the European de mocratic propaganda." Now, let the reader note, first, that here is an an nouncement in Vienna, on the 231 inst., of a fact which became known to the people of England only on the morning of the following day. And, secondly, that " high personages," meaning, doubtless, the same nobleman or noblemen, member or members o" the English Cabinet, who is or are said to have main• tained a clandestine correspondence with similar "high personages" in France, but not of the French Cabinet, on matters of national business, for the con duct of which Lord Palmerston was officially and con stitutionally responsible—nay, for the misconduct of which the Noble Viscount was liable to impeach mcnt. We do not stop to inquire who these per sons are. The proceeding agrees so completely with the Ministerial explanations put forth in the Times on the 24th instant, and the following day, that it seems impossible to question the astounding fact, that underhand negotiations, involv ing not only " the sacrifice" of their ablest and most honest colleague—but, as they have confessed, " of the interests of this nation," at a moment of European peril, were carried on by members of the English Cabinet, with Ministers of foreign States. For the honour, we will not say of the English character, but of human nature itself, we wish rather than hope that these miserable and self-imposed charges may yet, by some means or other, be cleared away. We now see clearly enough the meaning of " sacrificing" a Minis ter, and of endangering national interests, to please the elder statesmen of Europe. These latter are not only to dictate to our gracious Sovereign, who is, and who is not, to be her Foreign Minister—but, according to the letter before us—it is owing to their indulgent forbearance, that the " rap prochement" between the Governments of England and Vienna involves for the time the " sacrifice" of Lord Palmerston, and the consequent " instability of the Russell Cabinet, and the peril of national inte rests" only. We are not yet to have a " military Government," which may be "distasteful" to us. The " elder statesmen of Europe" are contented with the " sacrifice" and the " danger" which have been made and incurred. The rest—our Constitutional G,;- vernment and our Reformed Church, they probably think will follow in good time. Still these victors of the hour—the people of England will take care that _ . their hour shall be short—h'tive in their turn been de ceived, if they have been led to believe in the expul sion of the refugees as part of their bargain. We have no alien act under which it is possible for our Government to fulfil—if they were disposed to fulfil—such an expectation. Without pretend. ing to be in their secrets, we will add that they have no intention of applying to Parliament to change our ancient municipal law in this respect. These clandestine correspondents have, therefore, either duped " the elder statesmen," for whose " alliances" and " iriendships " they have, as they tell us, "sacri• ficed" so much—or the said elder statesmen have taken for granted an amount of compliance, which even the Russell Cabinet is not disposed to yield. And this, though, perhaps, the first, is by no means the only disappointment which they are assuredly doomed to suffer. Again, we remind our readers that our remarks throughout, on ministerial conduct, have been made only on the ministerial statement of this unprecedented case. We have made no attacks from grounds of our own. Nor, had the Ministry been silent, should we have been tempted to say one word until the affair should have been fully discussed in Parliament. Prom the discussion which hai been in troduced by themselves we have not shrunk, end we cannot regret that means have been so early and so amply afforded to the pubic for arriving at a prompt and just decision. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, DEC. 29. The Queen and Prince Albert walked in the Home Park and Slopes this morning. The Prince of Wales, the Princess Rua!, and younger members of the Royal Family, took walking and pony exorcise. Thu following have received invitations to the Castle, and area expcted to arrive this afternoon His S rcne Highness the Prince Nicholas of Nasau, the Baron Bentinck, Lord and Lady Robert and Miss Grosvenor, Lord and Lady Cowley, Baron Hadeln, and Baren Rag-genbach. The Earl of Westmoreland was erroneously named a s having been present at Windsor Castle on Friday last, and having had an audience of the Queen. Baron 13runnow, the Prussian Minister ; Count Walenski, tha French Ambassador; Monsieur Charles S..lllandroun de Lamornmx, Commissaire General du GArvernement de France; Lord Cowley, and Earl Granville, arrived from town this forenoon, and had audiences of her Majesty at half-past two o'clock. The Marquis of Omonde, Lord in Waiting, and Colonel the Hon. N. Hood, Groom in Waiting, were in attendance upon her Majesty. , Luncheon was served before the Queen gave au- Sir George Grey left town yesterday on a visit to Sir Francis Baring, at his seat, Stratton Park, Win chester. Earl Granville left town yesterday morning for Windsor Castle, to have an audience of the Queen. Dispatches were received yesterday afternoon at the Colonial-office from the Governor. General of Ca mila. Dispatches were also received yesterday from the Governor of Van Diemen's Land. A deputation from the conference held at Birrning.r ham on the 10th of December, on the subject of Re formatory and Preventive Schools, had an intervie w with Sir George Grey on Saturday, at the Home office. The deputation consisted of Mr. David Power, Recorder of Ipswich; Rev. T. Carter, chap Lin of Liverpool Borough Gaol ; Mr. J. Adshead, Man chester; Mr. J. flubback, Liverpool; Mr. W. Locke, Hon. S?cretary to the Ragged School Union, Lon don ; It-v. J. Field, Chaplain to the Borough Gaul, Reading; and the R,iv. Sydney Turner, Red-hill. SOUTII-EASTERN RAILWAY. Gross traffic receipts for passengers and goods, week ending Dec. e 7, 1851 ••• £ll,llB 11 8 Ditto, Dec. 23, 1850 ... 10,509 12 6 Increase in 1351 £GOB 19 2 London Terminus, Dec. 29, 1351. RAMSGATE HARBOUR. We are glad to find that the trustees of this harbour, during the ensuing session, intend applying to Parliament to amend and repeal some of their Acts, so as to make it no longer obligatory upon them to vary such rates and duties rateably and proportionably, but to enable them to release any Glass of shipping from all or any of the proportions of the rates and duties paid by the said Acts, and to release the foreign dues. This will be a great boon, as it was these dues that pressed so heavily upon the South-Eastern and Continental Steam Packet Company, while running their boats hence to Ostend, they having paid upwards of 1,2001. for dues during the time. If the release of this burden be effe,ted, we may hope to see the route to Ostend, via Ramsgate, re-established.—Canterbury Journal. DEATII OF ADMIRAL GEORGE BARREL—This gallant officer on the reserved list died on the 25th inst., at Spring-vale, Isle of Wight, in the 92d year of his age. Ad miral Barker entered the service in 1771, and ! I was present in many gallant actions with the enemies of his country. He attained the rank of captain on the Bth of June, 1792; vice admiral on the 12th of Noyember, 1810; and admiral on the 27t14 of December, 1847. TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 30, 1851. LITERATURE. THE 11E..1.0 OF THE FAMILY. A Novel. By the AaEhor. of "Olive" and "The Ogiivies." Vu's Cliapniag and Edl. Tne promise of her former works has been more than fail ill: by the authoress of " Olive" and " The 02,-ilvies." Free from the imperfections which marred those productions, " The Head of the Family" is one of the most charming domestic novels which we have perused for a considerable time. The characters and the incidents are all most natural, and they are de scribed in the most natural manner possible. The unaffected simplicity of the narration is one of the great charms of the book, more especially when be neath that simplicity of style is revealed a power and vigour of no mean order. The tale relates the fortunes of the orphan family of an Endinburgh " Professor," the scene is for the most part in Scot land, and the quaint peculiarities of the dialect which are casually introduced give to the narrative a natural and genuine air, and moreover possess for English readers the charm of freshness and originality. The simple truthfulness of its style and the quaint ness of its 'language obtained for " Margaret Maitland" a large popularity. In addition to these attractions " The Head of the Family" contains a story of enthralling interest, the more enthralling, perhaps, because the passions it deals with are so forcibly delineated a n d the incidents _ _ so naturally developed, that they come home to the reader's heart like a chapter from its own history. However different are the temperaments,. and how ever widely dissimilar the fortunes of men, there are feeli❑gs and sentiments common to all. Few are they who are not called upon some time or other to obey the motto on the title-page of this novel, " Non ti lagnar,ma soffri e tuci !' • Like Ninian Grmme, it beennies us all to "suffer" and "be silent ;" and nobly does he fulfil that arduous duty. The "head" of the orphan " family," Niniau Greene, enacts a father's part to his young brothers and sisters, and in the fulfilment of this duty he is compelled to trample under foot the dearer hopes of his own heart. Not for him, the head of a family whom his hard toil can barely sustain, can there be any thought of wife and children until his hair is grey with years, and his heart weary with hope deferred. Knowing this Ninian suffers the young companion of his sisters, the gentle maiden of his choice, to mingle with the household group all unconscious of his deep affection, but his silence is not preserved without a struggle. The young girl is summoned to England by her father, and before Ninian's parting with her occurs one of the most beautiful little scenes in the book—short and simple though it be, it is so exquisitely natural and lifelike. With a mingled feeling of hope and fear, Ninian suspects that it may be possible that his untold love is returned. If so he feels that silence is no longer a duty. He could not seek to win the maiden's affection, precious though it would be to him ; but if she loves him he cannot let her suffer in silence—he will tell her all, and leave her free. "He knew by his own heart, wherewith he judged hers, that did she love him, ten, fifteen, or twenty years of patient, trustful betrothal would be as nothing, so that he might at last take his wife to his bosom and thank Heaven for his life's late. won but most perfect crown." Then follows the little scene in which Hope Ansted speaks of her sorrow at 1391.614 with the G:aiimes, and her affection for all of them and for Ninian too—an affection which had often made her long (she tells him) to join his sisters in calling. him " Brother." " Do so, then,' said Ninian.' His voice was very low, solemn, and cold. His joys and his fears were alike gone from him. There was no need for any struggle now." The character of Ninian G;wine may be seen from these remarks, but it cannot be fully appreciated -without a perusal of the whole work, in which it is most beautifully , and naturally delineated. Hope Ansted at first ap pears unworthy of him, but ab her nature becomes developed its charming and truly womanly attrac tions become revealed. Another character worthy of mention, and one evidently fron the same hand which portrayed the passionate Kitherine Ogilvy, is Rachel Armstrong, the loving, devoted girl, and the wronged and revengeful woman. The concluding portion of her wild and wayward career, when her anger has given place to anguish, and her intellects have become disordered, as sheloeks upon the dead body of him whom she has loved and hated with a like intensity, is described with a pathos that is singularly affecting. Ali the sorrows and wrongs of years are obliterated from he r m i n d, an d in fancy she is restored to the days of h e r ear l y an d h a ppy love : " How soon will' my husbani wake, do you think, Jane?' again asked Rachel. 'ft's hard to go without one hiss—and Set the farm is such a weary distance.' thinks herself nurairg 110 at nay cottage, as she used to do. Oh, my ppor girl!' oriel Jane Scdley. It was a scene more touching than any mad scow) the renowned actress had ever played. Speak to her—persuade her to leave him,' whispered Ninian, as b e drew back out of sight. The old woman conquering her tears, obeyed." It is ;impossible with a few fragmentary extracts to do justice to a work the charm of which can better be felt than told, and which it is necessary to read in order to appreciate. Only by becoming familiar with the family circle by the fire-side of " The Gowans" can we justly estimate the genuine home affection which pervades their life and history, and fully enter into the so.naturally described joys and griefs which fall to the lot of the chief indi viduals of "the family," nut the least at tractive of whom is the youngest sister, Tinie, the sprightly, playful, mischievo*s girl, but withal a true and tender-hearted woman. Many beautiful thoughts, beautifully expressed, we might also cull from these pages, as where speaking of a heart as yet untouched by love, it is said :—" Thither the one angel of life had never descended to trouble the waters and depart, but even in departing to leave behind a healing power." Or again, won alluding to the salutary effect which great grief occasionally pro duces upon a character, it is said:—" Whatever sor row had swept over her, it had left no bitterness, no heartlessness, scarcely even grief. It was probably that one—the most sanctifying woe of all—when the angel of death, re-ascending, opens heaven, and su f fers a portion of heaven' s li g ht to fall on those look ing sorrowfully upw ar d s , whose MCes, like that of Moses, bear some trace of this brightness evermore." But instead of attempting by such quotations to do imperfect .justice to a very delightful and admirable work, let us rather ad v i se our rea d ers t o re ad it f or themselves. It is a b oo k tru ly appropriate for Christmasitime, for it breathes throughout a spirit of genial kindness and home affection. It appeals to th 4 hest sympathies of our hearts, ,and as such it is certain to be priz'ed wherever it is appreciated. JACOB .BENDIXEN, the JEEP; adapted into English .from the Danish of Goldschinidt. By Mary Howitt. Colburn. This w ark is intended to diffuse a more accurate knowledge of the life and f ee li ngs o f th e J ews . Not withstanding prejudice an d mis a p pre hension curiosity , must be a roused and inter es t exc i te d a t th e announce [neut of such a producti on concern i ng a people that have ever been remarkable in all ages and in all countries. The book is written by ohe of themselves, and there: Pore no doubt can be entertained about the validity of its assertions and the authenticity of its descriptio as. Several anecdotes and traditions are related at the commencement, which are striking and original. The adventures of the hero are astonishing and rem& tlable, but improbability does not attach to them wile n his peculiar state and proscribed race are taken int o consideration. The epitome of his life was corn' erised in the immortal aphorism—" For suf fering is the badge of all our tribe." In childhood without ; )loyfellows, in youth shunned and scorned by the co liege students, in manhood disowned and suspiciour:ly regarded by those who called them selves frie ne,s, and, finally, his promised bride showed herself to the world ashamed of her engagement, betrayed Ftsnd deceived him. He became a soldier, joined a friend, and embraced the cause of his un appy country, end fought with despe rate ever ; g: ) 7 in one of, the most lamentable con. fliets the viorld ever beheld. Tne ever unsuccessful outcast re t urned from despair, defeat, aad destruction the scei i es of his early years to die in the prime of life—his dirit crushed, his hopes blighted, and his heart brot •n. Nor could even death itself annihilate the courser of persecution, or still the voice of enmity. The prog; MSS of his funeral was interrupted by his enemies, k rid by the hands of Christians, , ,stones were flung on I xis coffin as it was lowered into the grave. His ill st; &wed career and m sad destiny were declared in the words of his only Mourner, a friend of his own people, as ho looked over the hills at the woodland country where he had beheld the deceased in the joyous s nimation of youth—" He then believed in eternal p iketry and in eternal life." BOTH) V_ELL; or, the Days of Afar ! ' Queen of Scots. ,By James Grant, Esq. 3 Vols. Parry and Co. _ _ Mr. Gr t kt, the author of " The Romance of War," " The Se att i < h Cavalier," and other works, has, in again opi les ring before the public, chosen a most in teresting svihject, and one which, from its peculi.q. and strik. naiure, is likely to inspire the genius of an auti 1%4.. The history of the unfortunate Mary Stewart is too well known to permit an historical novelis, to wander far from the truth, and in this point Mr. Grant may defy the closest scrutiny. There is every reason to bclieve that the Earl of Bithwell t,vas early in life married to a Norwegian lady narnt ed Anne Throndson, prior to his marriage with Lakt r Jane Gordon, from whom he was divorced in order tc I be united with Mary Stewart. History records th. it the unfortunate Earl, after his downfall, was justly, 1 nit most rigorously, confined by order of Frederick of Denmark in the Castle of Malmo until his death, fo r piracy on the Danish seas ; and we see, from a tra) lation of an order for his imprisonment now before' i us, that more than the merest necessaries oflife was withheld from:him. 'The story is well writ ten, and the author has evidently taken great pains to give a full awl faithful description of the customs and dress of the Scots in the sixteenth century, and else of the Norwegians at the same peri o d ; but we are ieclined to think that if he had dispensed with a few of the toilets of the ladies and gentlemen, the reader would not have missed them much, and would per haps have enjoyed the book better. The plot is simple, interesting, and peculiar. Inasmuch that three young ladies forsake theirjovers, or betrotheds, for higher born and less virtuous admirers, and on finding themselves deceived throw themselves into the arms of their former lovers and are at.once accepted, as if nothing had happened.to diminish their former affection. One, indeed, to prove her sincerity, is hanged in the piece of her lover, who is so shocked in consequence that he becomes a wanderer upon the face or the earth. The character of James Hepburn Earl of Bothwell, as drawn by Mr. Grant, is just what the reader would fancy such an accomplished, unscrupulous, gentlemanly villain to be ; while Black Hob of Ormiston gives a good representation of the unbelieving, ruffianly, petty lords who flou rished in Scotland after the Reformation. The two following extracts are a fair sample of the work, the one describing Bothwell when his career is over, the other the reunion of Conrad and Anna : " The sun, as ho set in the western ocean, shed a mellow light upon the wide expanse of shore that stretched upon their lee—on many an impending cliff, on the dark summits of which waved the old primeval pines of Scandinavia, and on whose bases the waters of the west were dashing in foam—on many a wooded wilder ness, amid the recesses of which the wolves were prowl ing by the Druid stones of Loda, and tho long-forgotten grave of many a g,thic chief. " Berried in reverie, with folded arms and saddened ryes, Bothwell watched the changing features and wind ings of that foreign shore, with all its pathless woods, volcanic rocks, and dark blue hills, throwing their deepen ing shadows on each other, as the burning sun sank in the distant sea, and the dusky tints of night shed upon the scenery a gloom iu unison with his own dark thoughts and hitter memories. a" Bitter and sad they were truly; but how unavailing! " Now separated from the evil influence of Ormiston and others, he deplored his wickedness and folly with an intensity that amounted to agony. Had the universe been his, he would have given it that he might live the last year of his life over again, with the experience in his mind of what the guilt, the terrors, the anxieties, and remorse of that year had been. " With sorrow, with envy, yea, with agony, he looked back to the position ho had held in the estimation of others, and of himself; and felt, in the bitterness of his soul that the eminence could never more be re•won. " Never more, never morel It was a terrible re flection. " Ho thought, too, of the native land ho might never see again; and— " Of many a tale of love and war That mingled with the scene; Of Bothwell's bank that bloom'd so dear, And Bothwell's bonny Jean." But he thought of Anna only with anger, f.:r no human heart could ever contain two loves. Jane Gordon he remembered with feelings of compunction, whon he mused on her um epining gentleness and devoted love; but he thought most of Mary, and, forgetting that he was himself a captive, laid many a wild and futile scheme to free and to avenge her. " lie could not fl:o from his own thoughts. They would come again and again, weighing like an incubus upon his mind, alike in the bright sunshine of noon and the solemn silence of night; amid the heedless revelry of the Norwegian officers he longed for solitude, and in solitude the stings of conscience drove him back to revelry and wine; and thus the deep and morbid horror tbat hour fly hour, and day by day, had everywhere pursued him, settled down like a cloud of darkness on his soul. " Long since satiated with pleasure, sick of ambition, and wearied of the world, he now found how deep were the stings of unavailing regret. " The day, we have said, went down, and night spread her spangled mantle on the darkened water and the moonlit sea. " Brightly in its calm beauty the evening star arose from the dark heaving line of the northern ocean, and Bothwell thought of the time when he had last watched that orb expanding on the night, as it rose above the ruined spire of St. Mary-in-the-Field. "At that moment, a cry—that seemed to be wafted over the surface of the water—made his ears and heart tingle, as it passed away on the skirt of the hollow wind. '• 133 tn well grew ghastly pale, ho covered his cars with his hands, and rushed away to his cabin in despair." " Konrad had no intention of remaining in a place where all was so changed to him; but, ere he turned to leave it for ever, he paused a moment irresolutely. Since last ho stood there, all that had passed appeared like a dream, but a sad and bitter one. His heart melted within him at the very thought of his own desolation; a shower of tears would have relieved him, but he had none to shed, for his eyes felt dry and stony. " Why should I remain here, where not one is left to care for me ,tow he ,said with a smile, as if in scorn of the weakness that made him linger, and, turning away, was about to retire, when a so un d arrested him; once more the arras rose and fell, and Anna stood be fore, him. Ho gazed upon her without the power of utterance. " She was alone. " With a heightened colour in her cheek, and a charm ing timidity in her eye, she approached, and, touching his arm, said— "`Christina told me thou wort here, Konrad; and wouldst though go without one greeting—one farewell — to me?' " Her accents sank into his inmost soul; he trembled beneath her touch, and felt all his resolution melting fast away. " ' Unkind Konrad!' said she, with one of her sad but most winning smiles, 'is this the friendship thou didst vow to me at Westeray?' " I have learned, Anna, that love can never be suc ceeded by friendship. It runs to the other extreme— the impulses of the human heart cannot pause midway.' " ' Then bast learned to hate me, then?' " Heaven forbid!' replied Konrad, elapsing his hands; hate thee, Anna? oh no!' "His eyes were full of the sweetness end ardour of the days of their first love, and Anna's filled with tears. "' I have long wished,' she faltered in a low and broken voice, while seating herself on the bench of one of those deeply-recessed windows near them—'l have long wished to see thee once more,' she repeated, with out raising her timid eyes, to implore —not thy par don, dear Konrad, for that I have no right to expect— but—that thou wilt not remember rao with bitterness'— "Konrad muttered something—he know not what. " ' I feel, Konrad, that I owe thee much for all I have made then suffer; and I have, now seen the worth and faith of thy heart when contrasted with mine own, and I blush for my weakness—my wickedness—my folly. Thou mayst deem this unwomanly—indelicate; but in lecie we are equal, and why may not ono make repara tion as the other—l as well as thou? I have lived, I say, to learn the value of the heart that loved me so well, and which, in a moment of frenzy—infatuation 0, dearest Konrad! call it what thou wilt—l forsook fur another—another who betrayed MO by a semblance of religious rites—oh! spare me the rest!' . . . "' Anna,' said Konrad, in a choking voice, as he rose to retire—but, instead, drew nearer to her; ' though my eye may be hollow, my cheek pate, and my heart soured and saddesied, its first sentiment for thee hath never altered. Anna—Anna, God knoweth that it hath not! For all thou bast made me endure for the past two years—from my heart—from my soul, I forgive thee, and I pray that thou mayst bo happy. Anna— dearest Anna—l am going far away from the hills and woods of Bergen, to join the Lubeckers, or perhaps the Knights of Rhodes in their warfare in the distant East, fur I have doomed myself to exile; but I still regard thee as I did, when we were in yea far isle of Wes►eray —as my sister—as my friend. As we first met in this old castle hall, when thou went bat a guileless girl and I a heedless boy, so shall we now part. All is forgotten— all is forgiven. And now—farewell; may the S mother of God bless thee!' "He kissed her hand, and his tears fell upon it; he turned to leave the hall, but a giddiness came over him, and a film overspread his eyes. "He still felt the hand of Anna in his: another mo ment, and she sank upon his breast. All her love for him had returned; and all her womanly delicacy, and overweening pride, had given way before the more ten der and generous impulses this sudden reunion with her early lover had called up within her. ‘" Oh, Konrad!' she whispered, while almost suffo cated by her tears, if my heart, though seated and saddened, is still prized by thee, it is thine, as in the days of our first love.' "And, borno away by his passion, tL•e forgiving Kw:l.A pressed her closo and closer to his breast. And here, sayeth the Magister Absalom, in his quaint papors, here endeth the most important Buke in this our Ilistorie.'" A CHARGE DELIVERED to the CLERGY of the DIOCESE of ST. DAVID'S, by Connop Thirlwall, D.D., Bishop of St. David's, at his Fourth Visitation, in October, 1851. Rivingtons, London. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) The first object to be regarded in criticism is always the intention of the work under review, and next the indications of ability or disability manifested in carrying out that intention. The business of an episcopal charge is generally to instruct, counsel, and exhort the diocesan clergy, adapting each several ad monition to the varied exigencies of time, place, and circumstances. These principles, therefore, taken in connexion with the exordium of Dr. ThirlWall, will materially assist the formation of a correct judgment upon the merits of his present production. The charge b2gins as follows : "My Reverend Brethren,—The period which has elapsed since our last meeting has been marked by oc currences of no slight immediate moment to the Church, and fraught with consequences which are perhaps only now beginning to unfold themselves ; but to my view still more important as indications of certain mighty. currents of thought and feeling which, according to the course they may take, may produce vast changes both in the outward and the inward con ditiou of tha Church, and in her relation to the State. To stay or control these tendencies way be beyond the power of any man, or body of men. oven if it were possible for any one to stand wholly aloof from them, as a mere spectator completely exempt from their influence. But it may not the less concern each of us, both for hia inward peace and his practical guidance, to form tit clear notion of their nature and bearings, and I convi der it as a main part of my duty, on this occasion, to aid your judgment to tho best of ray ability, by the ie:ateiricut or m y own v iews on th e principal qu . affecting the Church which have recently cucupic trAtic attention. But before I enter on this le=ger field, I feel it nccu6sary to advert io some topics of more im ine,:!iate local interest, cJucerning condition and prospects of the diocese, which is the sphere of our common ministerial labours." The first clause of this; mysterious 'paragraph in vites alike cleri ca l hearers and lay readers to exercise their ingenuity in discovering what the Bishop may mean by the viords " n ° slight immediate moment ;" but, gladly , accepting hi s promise of " pract i cal guidance 'to clear notions," we acquiesce in his postponement of theoretical questions, and yield our undivided attention to his Lordship's exposition of the present condition of his diocese. Dr. Thirlwall proceeds to congratulate his clergy upon the im• provement which has recently taken place in the con dition of ecclesiastical buildings, and the increase of church accommodation. Ho alludes to his visits to "very nearly all the most secluded and least easily accessible parts of the diocese," visits which he seems to think, after all their meritorious toils, W ere but of dubious benefit, in consequence of his clergy' s unprompted zeal. In a foot-note to page 7, t h e Bishop gives the most pleasing piece of information afforded by this Charge. He says— " I have consecrated fourteen churches, and expect to consecrate another within a very few weeks. The num ber of churches which have been rebuilt from the foun dation, or completely renovated, is between thirty and forty; and when those which aro now in progress are completed, will, I believe, exceed the latter number." We are not aware that the parochial statistics and notes of the Commissioners of Education of 1847 have ever been invalidated, although the prejudiced opinions of those Commissioners on the social state of the principality are now justly regarded as ill grounded and fallacious. The follow ing particulars, quoted from the reports by Sir Tnomas Phillips (vide " Wales," pp. 400.1), are deemed to have been un questionable facts, and it is but tco probable that such they still remain. They belong to certain districts in the diocese of St. David's, and county of 'Pem broke : " DEWISLAND HUNDRED. " Out of twenty-one parishes, containing an aggre gate population of 10,840, no less than twelve parishes, containing a population of 2,392, are utterly unprovided with day-schools; thirteen parishes, containing a popu lation of 3,401, are without a resident clergyman; and eleven parishes, containing a population of 2,462, are without either a day-school or a resident clergy man." " KEMESS HUNDRED, " Of its twenty-six parishes, containing a population of 15,559, no less than thirteen parishes, containing a population of 3,460, are without a day-school; and fourteen parishes, containing a population of 3,773, are without a resident clergyman; and twelve parishes, con taining a population of 2,386, are without either a day school or a resident clergyman." If the Bishop of St. David's had taken these cases, and with them the long additi ona l array furnished by the pages of the same reports, and going through them one by one had severally added a list of the pal liatives or remedies applied during the last four years, by a patient and cereful hand to counteract and abo lish abuses so flegrant, the simple rectitude of such a proceeding must have won universal respect, while an opposite course of conduct inevitably involves him in the ignominy of the guilty. From the days of Sir Robert Walpole St. David's has been known as a most unhappy diocese. In fact, reading the words chancellor for vizier, bishop for sultan, and missed churches for ruined villages, the fable of " The Language of Birds" might not inappo sitely have been applied for many years past to the forlorn diocese of St. David's, for long generations of owls have probably dowered their progeny with its dilapidated school-rooms, ',forsaken parish churches, and moulderiog chapels of ease. At p. 7 the Bishop darkly alludes to " statements which have of late been industriously circulated;" and at pp. 11-12, abruptly striking at an unmentioned censor, he says— " If the state of the diocese with regard to its churches and schools had been brought before the public for any purpose like that with which an appeal has lately been made, with very happy success, in behalf of a neighbour ing diocese, I should certainly not have bean tempted to weaken the force of such a representation, even if it had been somewhat overcharged, by exhibiting the brighter side of the subject; and I am now more anxious that our wants should be known, than that the efforts we have made to supply them should be duly appreciated. But the statements to which I have been adverting are manifestly calculated for ends widely different from that of exciting sympathy in our favour." " Sympathy is our favour !" Could a, Walpole, a Reeve, a Radcliffe, and a Scott, exercising their united powers of romantic fiction, contrive to invest with attractive interest parish priests neglecting their duty, disgracing their calling, and desecrating their churches, while rural deans, archdeacons, and bishops stand by to tolerate or connive at such flsgiiious abuses ? Let statements of such facts be made in what spirit they may, such facts must in themselves arouse our indignation alike against the persons who commit and the persons who allow of their commis sion, while awakening our regret and all our noblest, tenderest sympathies for the alienated people and for the sacred cause of Christian truth. Still alluding to the same statements, the Bishop adds— " They nut only contain many gross misrepresenta tions in matters of detail, but, while they suppress all notice of what has boon dune, they studiously keep out of sight the peculiar circumstances of the case, which are the main causes of our difficulties ant of our weak ness, and thus can only tend to mislead." A reference for this sentence to the appendix will sur prise the reader by the few and comparatively slight exceptions taken against the grievous " matters of detail" mentioned in the published speech of Sir Benjamin Hall, delivered in the House of Commons, July 1, 1851. The Bishop's own account of the con dition of his diocese is, however, when thorougly con sidered, by far the most melancholy of any yet put forth. It powerfully, though most unintentionally, recalls, by a narration of visible and tangible effects, the sad memory of past and passing generations, through which the prosperity of the Welsh Church has been recklessly sacrificed to a political whim, alike baseless in wisdom and ruinous in practice. Still alluding to Sir B. Hall's speech, the Bishop says (pp. 12, 13, 14)— " Similarly partial and invidious is the notice which has been taken of the large proportion of churches in the diocese in which service is celebrated only once on the Lord's-day. This fact can only he viewed in its true light when placed by the side of other parte of the sta tistics of the diocese—as the low average value of the livings, the scarcity of parsonage-houses, and the number of clergymen who have the charge of more than one church. litqairies which I have recently made for the purpose of ascertaining the present state of the case with regard to these points have furnished the following remarkable results, in which I have no reason to sus pect the possibility of any material error :—I find, that out of 411 benefices—the whole number contained in this diocese-156 are under the yearly value of 1001, 265 under 1501,, 333 under 2001. 01 the remainder, 53 are under 3001., 14 under 4001., 8 under 5001., 2 exceed the value of 6001,, and there is 1 above 8001. With re gard to parsonage-houses, it appears that there are at present only 161 habitable residences, while the c tre of 339 churches is divided among no more than 162 clergy- M9ll. These facts throw a strong light on one anoth er , and on the complaints which I have heard ever since I 4 have been connected with the diocese—that the supply of clergymen is miserably inadequate to the necessities of the Church—a complaint which has been occasionally urged upon me as a ground for relaxing my general rules as to the admission of candidates for holy orders. Indepen&ntly, however, of the impediments arising from these most widely operative causes, to prevent the intention of the Church from being more fully carried out as to this part of her ordinances, there are many local circumstances, not capable of bciug reduced into a statis tical form, which raise peculiar difficulties in dealing with the subject, and increase the reluctance and mis giving with which I should in any case enforce the in troduction of a second Sunday service, against the will and judgment of the minister. I trust, nevertheless, that I in ty still be allowed to witne.s a growing im provement on this head also; though I am aware that it must always be narrowly limited, so long as the impe diments which I have pointed to remain; and that these arc such as we cannot hope to tee very speedily abated. I shall detain you but a little longer with a few remark's on one or two kindred topics before I pass to others of more general interest. But I must say a few wore on the question of archidiaconal visitations in this diocese, which has of late been brought so prominently forward. I am, however, happily relieved frees. the necessity of touching on that part of the subject which personally affects myself, and of vindicating myself from the charge of having prevented or forbidden my archde,i. eons, or any of them, from holding their visitatiene, because the state of the case in that respect is new, so fully known, and so generally understood, as to render any further explanation of it aupnfluous. list I think it right to state my view of the present pOsition of the archdeacons, with regard to the different branches of their duties." Proceeding to propound his state of the law, and to exonerate of Wens& from all responsibility as to the views the uncertain archdeacons s on himself or not visiting their proper districts, his Lordship leaves the unfortunate functionaries their own risk and peril, to dare or not to da s I,es at th e ir may prompt or divers timidity restrain, t. the serious inconveniences" and pains and es ti pane , which anal ties . the Bishop opines may pos s ibl y attend th e exercise of their " defective" and " precarious" auth orit y . After comparing .the (Awes of archdeacon and r ural dean, with a faint in dication of preferenc e for the latter, the Bishop pro ceeds to repel , as an insult, the charitable supposition that when things amiss were observed by the ordi nary, and reported to the diocesan, their immediate remedy must follow. He says (p. 17)— " On the other hand, I must•observe, that the impor tance of both is absurdly, as well as mischievously, el aggerated, when language is used w hi c h i mp li es that nothing more is needed for the correction of whatever may be,found amiss in the matters whi c h li e w i t hi n t h e i r province, than that it should be brought under the cog nizance of the ordinary. Wherever e l se thi s may b e the case, it is certainly far otherwise in this di ocese . N o power with which the law has invested either arch deacon or bishop can provide a remedy for the imp°. 4.71107--------"evert of the o verie:lment of the CYlirch, Still less Cu :l it supply tho pla:e cr aisthy of her friend:!, the hostility ofy her Tv IfsiiiissAA,,'iAi , ll--. vs, should they ❑nha it be waiting, i n - minist:T, on whose spoatane - sus enerry, though te ' , its\lf overcome all difti.:ulties, more uudoub:ediy tIGn on any ocher human instrument or agene , „ * ",:, soever." y - "( 7 - At p. 1i the Bishop all u d es t o a projected peen VV- 'ma iaafrrat arrangement, made with an ev i dent wish to benefit the diocese, but in that conditional mood which all the thoughts of Dr. Thirlwall so naturally assume as their appropriate form of expression ; he proposes, if there should happen to be a surplus of episcopal in come at " the next septennial cycle" of his occupation of the see, to devote that surplus to the augmentation of certain poor livings. Tnis prospective benefit being of course subject to the further contingency of Bishop Thirlwah's translation or death. In pp. 19- 2S the present state and prospects of the Church of England, with the probable judgment of posterity upon them, are surveyed with characteristic fluctua tions of vision. Hitherto the frequent use of nega tive propositions, and the introduction of qualifying phrases, such as "I do not mean that it is not," be fore,behind, and in the midst of every statement, have tended ranch to perplex the reader's perceptions ; but entering now upon more abstruse matter, it must be hove him to exert his keenest powers. Dr. Thirl wall has evidently given much time and thought to the consideration of the various ecclesiastical questions literary of the day • and it is impossible duly to estimat e hi s patiently following hi s s t eps labours without through the labyrinthian depths of polemic disquisi tion. Versed in the subtile niceities of disputation, a th n e d eruditeto Bish op pr o ceeds, with unwonted docility "Gorham V. extahaleine the ish op ecc of ecclesiastical question of Exeter." Emu- B lating the toils of Si syp h us , he industriously endeavours to ascertain " the amount of the agreement an d the variance exhibited " by the parti es an d their advocates. lie le none of them di s ti nct l y knew "that ambiguity which raised the diff icu lt y ," nor understood t a h l e g st e a s te th o at f the question which they argued. Long bandying in solitary repercussion the opinions of these hostile the ologians, he pauses to . in vestigate the p ro b a bili ty an d improbability of Calirvesadoptin g a certain disputed dogma; and after devoting no less than 30 pages of his charge to such academic exercises, leaves the sub ject under the very same circumstances which his Lordship describes the Court of Appeal to have done: i. e., "Involved in a degree of obscurity and per plexity through which th e y could not find th e i r way to a clear determination !" Alas ! for th e unlucky clergy of his diocese who had perhaps presumptu ously expected to be able to understand, when set before them in print, the series of propositions which had orally baffled their keen intelligence; for now, hopelessly posed, they reproachfully confess with Dr. Blackmore : " We no solution of our question find, Your words bewilder, not direct the mind." Henceforth let each remember the varied reading of a great philosopher's injunction : "If a man's wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study 'Dr. Thirlwall.' " Like the departed heroes of Ossian, Bishop Thirlwall is a Son of the Mist, and always travels in his cloud. Obscurity invests him, his pages are emphatically shades, where the nameless and undefined forms of certain personages glance in and out, now in disconsolate soliloquy, then in disso nant ;colloquy, ever with restless steps and feeble movement, treading uncertainly back wards and forwards through the intricate mazes of error. " Words," says Locke, "are made to declare some thing ; where they are by those who pretend to in struct, otherwise used, they conceal indeed something, but that which they conceal is nothin g but the igno rance, error, or sophistry of the talker, for there is in truth nothing else under them." When first begin ning to make out a foreign book, the learner pauses at ,intervals to translate the difficult idioms into words of plain sense in his native tongue. Such must likewise be the course of the diligent student in perusing the writings of Bi-hop Thirlwall. That " extemporal readiness of wit" which the ju dicious Hooker deprecated in all f xponents of his terse paragraphs, may more profitably perhaps he summoned now to assist the weary faculties of labo rious students with some bright and happy conjec tures as to the probable ultimate meaning of the various involutions, convolutions, and revolutions of Bishop Thirl wall's disquisitions. His Lordship next discusses at some length the questions of Church Synods, Papal Aggression, and Liturgical Innova tions, leaving upon these, as upon all ;other subjects, th© ends of his arguments hanging like the floating filaments of gossamer thrown short of their mark by the weaving spider. The Bishop throughout intermixes intimations with dissertations : opinions and reasons on which those opinions are poised. It is well known that the effect of literary compositions both in prose and verse is often greatly enhnced when a piece happens fortu nately to be read under a similar combination of cir cumstances to that in which it originated. The dis courses of Dr. Thirl wall ever breathe the most tedious extension of leisure, therefore a very deliberate, con siderate, and oft-repeated perusal becomes absolutely indispensable to their perfect comprehension and en joyment—that enjoyment consisting in the spectacle of ingenuity afforded by incessant counterbaiancings : that perfect comprehension being only an assured con viction, that " True no meaning puzzles more than wit." That the Bishop by his present charge has neither aided the judgment of his clergy, nor kindled their pious zeal, is but too obvious, from the irresolute un certsinties and frigid indifierenc, , e with which the whole composition is fraught. A few brief sentences on pp. 78-9 alone identify it; as the work of a Christian chief-pastor. To teach a fellow-being to think is the highest privilege of gifted intellect. The unblessed work of the feeble and the perverse is to lead other minds to hesitation, sceptism, and universal doubt. Far be it from us to depreciate the value of any species of learning : all, in their several degrees, are of important use, and deserve proportionate honour. But the knowledge which blesses the Christian Church by its diffusion can never be the indecisive result of scholastic disputation delivered with latitudinarian coldness. It is, it must be, the rich treasure, accumulated by an earnestly inquiring mind, poured forth by a full heart, intent on per suading others to trust an enlightened judgment, to sytnpath!s3 in humanity's holiest feeling, and zealously to share the heavenly work of aiding mortal sinners to become immortal saints. THE PRESS IN 2'11.E UNITED STATES The following is a statistical account of the nzws paper press in the United States. The whole num ber journals in the United States on the Ist of June, 1850, amounted to 2,800. From calculations made cn the statistics reported to the Secretary of the Interior, it appears that the aggregate circulation of these two thousand tight hundred papers and periodicals is about 5,000,000, and that the entire number of copies printed annually in the United States amounts to 422,600,00 0 . The following table will show the number of daily, weekly, monthly and other issues, with the aggregate circulation of each class : Number. Circulation. Dailies 350 750,000 Tri-weeklies Semi-weeklies 125 80,000 Weeklies Semi-monthlies 50 300,000 Monthlies Quarterlies 26 20,000 Tot al I 2,800 5,000,000 Number of Copies printed annually. 235,000,000 11,700,0 0 8,320,000 149.500,000 7,200,000 10,8, ; 0,000 0,000 422,600,000 Since the census was taken a large number of new journals have been established, chiefly in the State of California and in the territori es of Oregon - , New Mexico, Utah, and Minesota. There is a k Ai rnid, edited with spirit and ability, among the Cnero" Indians, which is printed in the Cherokee 100gu0geaiy and characters. Co9it3 of a t►bat vany r of tl y le two _ papers are sold at 'lie cent' each ; thirds ate sold at frotalwo to above nuinber of publicationN Eastern States, -- A '44 in the Western States. Southern States, o ,° 7 eir r 7,184 free inhabitants. 876 in tior Middle Stores, There is one journai four areb teats. u t issued - e a r i Of n ,the tLe In the great e Y sthee o cl f it h e i r s pisapbeort.h 'Tie above statement only c h ec k ... PrlLter and publis exhibits the extent and power of the lle utmost liberty is allowed ; the T f o o r orf c proprietor, aes of libel. Ameriesnyir,ietsinhte9jarwirt New ZlALAND.—Letters and papers from Wei. lington to the 16th of September have been received, but they do not furnish much information beyond matters of purely local interest. The state of the colony is described as generally satisfactory. RAILWAY COLLISION.--On Saturday, between twelve and one o'clock at mid , day, as the mail train which leaves Birmingham at 6 A. 31. arrived near Liverpool, on the London and North-Western line, when between Huyton and Roby stations, the express train, due about the same time, came in contact with it, and several passengers by the former train received severe injuries. The mail train, was, never theless, allowed to proceed on to Liverpool, those who were injured bleeding profusely all the way. In one carriage six persons were very seriously and three dangerously wounded. One of them, Miss Rogers, of Huyton, was convoyed to the house of Dr. Bainb r i gg , i n Islington-square, w here it was found that she had s us t a i ne d great injury in the hoed,skull being in one pl ace l a id completely bare. were promptly dressed, but the y imp , lady iV 88 too ninth (L.. ' A as conveyed to injured to permit of her return home, and progressing the house of a friend in Liverpool, where 3.a- favourably. The wounds COTTON MILL DEETRoyso Br FILM—One of the mills belonging to Mr. Elkanah Cheatham, of Stockport, ~ called the Low er C arr M in s , was on Friday morninc , dis covered to be o n fi re. Th e loss is estimated at about 4,0001., covered by ins urances . Two littl e girls, named Caroline and Hannah Lewis aged re spectively four and a half years and fifteen months, the children of p oor p arents, niet an untimely death by fi re, on Tuesday, at Gloucester, during the absence of their i mother, who left them alone in the how.