The Sun. — London, England, 1851-11-27 00:00:00

P A It ' l a airs sna ong r srl3W li a i-It 000 0 11134 r Br ist°ll w ool! Quebec' Opp Ti‘r beW for ming' n o o der n shore' beo I. Que Iw o !!6liclavir'sot Cr Bore' or oh a. Ile' Fri peo ro ; get, l og ; 0 0 , eW 8 00. 6 Q° gym. Per ill . o . Der n. •L i jiisolh p r ofit ?Obi" d for of on go t) ISO' eti and II here. a for of ° to' Lo b .f. l e o r 4 ° l P P A 0 1 11611 '400 L . l $ 0 1 9 14 II OO . 10 1 '''. 10: on goe bed' 11; $9O • ego volo ° ,; ) 1° 0 00 , sal dr '1;0 0 ;0 01. 0 0 A o gig e bV, 10 Q. 00; P*l4' d ote Pr e go!, WO. 11/. IA 39 51, s;i ; 0 1 I 116 51 ) 3 11 , lo w 01' ti do') j oi to ? i g" ns n .- CO lgli ef I Of ° 0 11 d o° _,,, o'o 0 k 100 1 0.. 1 9°4 14 01 SS )oilf , ofor° PA pre f;fs' op 1) 01 : 00 . r e p - yr „( 0 lc' of ) r 100 o ° o p o 0 , ,00° per eos io o e to o (Ppp rt Of .' to . I A,.°01 „ .1 to the upp l . 3 :--- -- OOer never allow a . to be pressed on against, a b et ,: 4 1 tha absence of 'trial legal assistance . wnich a h Le e P t oltt a d to expect would be forthcoming at .eus. to whip and he hoped fur the honour of the prot " 'kW inieh he belonged that such applications as thi s It'zatur e be of rare occurrence. klede.ll6ll arranged that the case should be post yr ;1141 to-morrow. )111;420,1:1DLEsToxn hoped the Court would allow the kitt,l3; go out o n b a i l again. tthat P ARE said th e C our t h a d n o power to 14, . aarz,DL Es ToNE said it h a d b een d one . N. 44ll ' l or.g._ 4P Aßlix—lt h as b een d one ver y irregularly 11 ' 4 4 4 "‘r a pri soner hal surrendered to his bail the The too na power to renew it. ragas whichgaged the whole of the morning u fit to appear in print. Scklu4AE W COURT. ke 21 e Adams Was convicted of stealing . a watch , th e u. 7 4,1 1 3,1 P r oPerty of Isidor Abrahams, from proved Olth er ' 4 , ,? former conviction having been -.4l l ) ott ati Ine Recorder sentenced her to seven years Op. n nneD COURT. r eak c ! s tall was convicted of a charge of felo -4t814 1r15 : and enter inthe warehouse of Joseph thit:tcloanother to whom he was a servant, s a e n n d . NZ the '; moneys value 21. 2s. 4d., and was se _ ro. w i t , ° ° 3o : l on Sergeant to twelve months' c it4 Sp a a hart labour. Z L i ttiel es ,waa convicted of stealing 13 spoons and .. 74v, w ° , Plate th e p roperty o f William John eat°?lwich, and sentenced to twelve months' wi th hard labour. The al l CIRCULAR. 4 ati ( Ike OSBORNE, Nov. 26. lito s li b,3 ll :rinoc Albert, and the Royal Family, 11, 44 e) and have not left the gardens and htt,; a _444 . t i l x e ra6i bad an interview with Earl Grey t7Pi C,:tnor of ii4(itn,tettior had Bank e of England and the 0110 4 etz ehe au an interview with the Chan per yesterday. Sir John Herschel Vow rtlevv with the Right Hon. Baronet, Qiiiedietitelsiidace in Downing.street. k • ~, p r „ Committee of her Majesty's Most pi tn .ylia ttib Z3 7 Council sat yesterday in the L l ttki t l l :, % I .'S! . The Lords present were—Lord Vtili t troti n • I "ight Bruce, the Judge of the ft igh and co i ti Sir Edward Ryan. An appeal ifj,etion 4 , rt of Admiralty, " Wilkinson v. - "qed. t' a te), was commenced. The case N l)ta tkt I RELAND. I ~ waIiitiNICIPAL ELECTIONS. tl itsth r , b ,„ ti EsDAc.—The elections to fill the IL Ll klea, - , 4 °`ivn Council of this city, caused by L lt let t i".°' fifteen members, were held yesterday Noh tted ward s. ,• Four only were contested, the f l Y l e at e outgoing members. The only ,*111„-,-;_ggle was between Sir Edward sl l l 1 . 40 0 t. ' oirr,F. Charles Gavin Duffy, proprietor bt raa Th e - Young Irelander was defeated. at #4 41 the brewer, was again defeated in ' 1 14Y ; ,, 4 11 „.,/ Ward, on this occasion by Mr. . 1 1 4i matt la . - r epels was returned for Mountjoy, 4 41 8 44110 lione for Fitzwilliam wards. 1 4 ,k) ~I bk ziT TO THE REV. NATHANIEL M. ` I hag f t , 11 . 8 ItEV. W. STEWART.—A corre ittlbt "' W arded to us the following :—" On , ' t he 21 • k, i ill4 . j\i atha . st instant, about seven o'c i l i o m c a. VN,.drivi h ,iel M. Brown, of Nevv . town ~Isi fi l a eoh , „4 ho mewards from Coleraine, by t h e 11 N 'oe --eah Y with the Rev. William Stewart, l a, I n ed b; h °e, the gig in which they sat was ii i so . °h ° of the wheel s running upon a l at 'a j l 'el f 1, 11 th at had been wheeled out more C, across al across the road. The horse IlattleeQW4 by the falling vehicle and The... Were violently precipitated to the bye fight having been exceedingly dark, I 01-414 betint " hich Was almost the colour of the ,1 1 ! 4 rtiall, , " seen. Mr. Stewart, upon whom \„ 111 1e4,, h , fe li, was completely stunned, and . V t " and" for a considerable time. He is V . The bruised, but is now in a fair way of ,) t l a tt l i ieii,,. s ) a fine spirited animal, is also 'l, l l te, : ;:e r i ; but Mr. Brown happily escaped li v a r ol tr ::,;°° of a simple character." 0 , Itt'llititottkleoljierviiire;) T is tiE in C th a e sT N LE is . i — p The s caselist tto he t 1:b . /1414 Lord Chief Justice on the . lst o f 11 1 7 : 1 a - 44% k • .There is also a libel case in w hi c h INt et ' del i vid "v, is plaintiff, and Mr. Lucas, o f ipit t g k e t n dfint. , l it h ,g I ge thrs•----John Ireland, Esq., J.P., is al )- +'e', Pli„t• ; ri ff of the town of Galway for the c.)l._atikl4l,d Joseph M‘Donneli, Esq., sub- N j4B bee M:lhe r French, Esq., of Cloniquin, i , 1 4 4 1 , forti,ll,cdtinated high sheriff of the county If k lk ‘li N tleti m it ie l ke t ' t : e i s u_s . u , in year , and has re-appointed 1,, , 1 or ' Ardcarne, Boyle, as his kph has' Z u : tound Smithwick, Esq., J.P., •l i t- Nved 1.11 intment to the office Hof th . S appo k l / 4 the City of Kilkenny for the ensuing * 41 p 11 , !, t 13- •----- Sh \ l t ‘e ~c 1 a 1 1' 1 ,„" a. CoMEDlAN._Yesterday Mr. V(te t h i lre,,ileast at the Duke of Sussex, Gibson- l i no ageZtLambeth on view of the body of Mr. 0i ,N 4 I : Z4 at t'isuirtY-four ' comedian. Deceased's last r i l i ' A hl ll io e City of ' London Theatre. The de- I \ION: he sa g habit of taking laudanum, to allay . NAit lotls4 ti e red from some malady. On Monday % € ito erl, ed 11 P in bed and called his mother, with Nie tti k4Wgeo n, es h ] Plained of difficult breathing. .Mr. Yt ,likial• hr as called, but the deceased expired_ '44H t Nt k i t th -r * zurton a relative, said the deceased t k - ' 1 e 4 t i lkl 0 4 ; k are of ' Dr. Roberts. The coroner_ ' CklB ''‘'' -40 case, the jury returned a verdict of : 14 8:4 1 e . e 4b o . 4 `14 ) , ii"ret t etti I N ec l( kT.—Mr. T. H Jolley, ofFar of -_ •01,t)(1,!tud i tot ed on Tue s d a y last to the office 40 teitti t itac e b ePeeto r o f the above market. From :01 41 0et,„: 4t the which Mr. Jolley has of the market, N , 1% -, ii iicoarket committee have made a most o4''' le tti llt jt 4PPointing him to the office in question. 0 t: t t .44,,ae 0 .... ( 4 ., parcel of roasted rye has been Vtm i k , 4 7a, ILitee Scotch ports from Riga, the ro :lat't44l,4 ttlee article, which is not specifically pro ,Obte et ,'4B ,%:2',f dutie;, is stated to be intended and k, l) Bti I,lloee for children, and appears to be a lV~lo 4 , 1 4.48 'Latina into this country. k i t .: l3 f llB6 l e Z e i le ( ti l' t , P w t h 4 . l tA./.IC . E OF A FAMILY.--A few ': l l ' t\, l ' i t. 41 :rN , to VI might have been attended with 8 11 % .1 1,4 4 : 1 41 t , ll e 3;;i%treeotik, vi r s )l s ac se e st a s t d Lincoln. Mr. hr. l I family at the 1 . ‘lLtea.Z . b. t e ll ia 7 l ,_ when all of a . sudden the i earth s kch It ti k ‘ , Et tl ,f,' sl r. Flowers,. with his falai y,. s h w i fl 8,,,.. 0... e t 6 ~ es- t hings, disappeared from vi • 5"i 441 0 .4) ki, - "et ti -,Wuole party were extricated from a cete e 'Ate'. ,ortunately unhurt. It appears hat Nel 64..ia11i01t over a portion of the premises ;Vtit eel e 3 Pof q,'„..44. Walker, machine-maker, and in '4 4 411 ed !,'erlY existed a saw-pit, The saw-pit, o tm e i s th e w . 40 With earth, was merely covered over „ 1 / 4 4 4 . 4,., la t 4 h l rhol e r becoming rotten, at length_ i 4,1 1 4 -4 ~. e Va st ,,, % , i rallY of interesting tiott 4 01 ° ' F1,,,,,' deep, "—Lincoln Times. N k ot , " Flowers" g w a ere , ' 4 Pot e le!ite m --13 AT B R IGHTON.—The Brighton l uy tile 4 3' s hag ._ At e ,g DO Conta ins a lengthened .report of a INitt"Kitt iu rre. ga t by false pretences, which has been . 1 / 84 `( 0 of2)ll o `'‘ s,.lnnington and Co., linendrapers at PO ,sae i0,,,1va si , ,, Peeta bly-dressed female Eliza Maria r,„'t'stigartrrellended in London. ' At the tenni 8111441etti.flittivanoit'ilea which lasted for several days, the 1 .4 1 t 4 4 (J aet t ' s r st ` e d for trial on ast. The Iljov.lo(lkute4lbstristredt,iloantehandr m th e e re ch c arg r ea g ainst Miss ha ges g of forgery :kt,lloe°:,atjet,ethelirgilit against her. We saw two bills, 1. 4 Litl l 4 J 4,rti: 2UU/. purporting to be drawn by l l ,ltt t . " 4 " ( latli D t iqe ~,t aPou the ' Earl of Wilton, and these, . 141 ttlil k teds all . anying, purporting to be wptten ) 44 thai,Lo e t a e b li ,„`ge k , 1 to be forgeries. The bill for kih.:lleneOrai, for been presented by prisoner to a t e lr/f h . -'„ oEi t ' Plate and money by way of change; tt,„oy n ''' tin t g doubted, it was refused. ii,Artyl' ytt r Sh• t dSIO N w , ip t _ tl„'ng 4 leld 3 AT SEA.—The rumour al ,th, laue Poottolh,i eosrespondent, in his letter of Mon- NO t , • 4 81 104t i, i s t ° II and loss of a collier and her crew, il,,,'llie ...,. 4 ise a e ave ti °l) o , t e r i lle. It was very dark on Sunday . 0 4 -rol e '. Was tr ,, , o,ck, as a large barque, reported to fp kw th e 241 Coll is suing the Tess, running before the 8, 4 0 4 '4ll h 0 4 (14 .lon with a laden collier, and before 014 14 48 I. 4 ecla d r e°lll d be stopped, the collier was ran ~,.4 1t il, k r ou likt ti ° Wiled. llti a t rg th e r T t LISTON STATlON.—Yesterday Yte l o ri llar e air de urgers arriving at the Euston sta lit:4 s par t 1 to rture th b y the third-class train, was a ,Nt,, t ti t ig t( h till le , c s i ,. h ry a. iit-telelaststage of consumption. She 04 ti ts tt ' on i a c hi ld about three years of age, .gatedl . .enei h sort of cart in which she had been Iktg t tog bourhood of Wapping, the poor crea -0 ° throl h y „,th,e booking-office,wre she paid her • Voe t t 4l ) . „ratio,: t hird-class carriage, and then pro ‘c,N of ti ! at o , i ,,T; to take her seat in one of the carriages. VV„88:1,4 t:e notor„ laerved by Mr. Spencer, the superin voti 41 he r t r B 7 . l'Y 8 police at Euston-square, and he at l! ttlt4Yery exptsnee. On speaking to her he found iNdve,.. th, t e L, state to travel, and while assisting lotoritcao fell rdireshroent hall with one of his officers 1 47, 1 4:4•R e ` J erie o f se,ed• The body having been conveyed Ill; 11 l 4 oto ti .f by ~ -Pancras parish, and the little child I'`Pitth,idepetYlottii;lePsorter named Haines, in the company's apse . 1,,,, Ay of., were set on foot with a view to ascer 1, bye „. _th e ' the deceased It 1;1 0 ,4 a, iki n wire of __ .• . was subsequently found @ e f re e • t ops R, and th :yeate in the merchant service,. of i l l °/1 tlt f Pa). )hoer :iLti:ehehr',ld only a few days since ;ex:eel:es to Liverpool. The deceased , t ~, but , °z ee _. but only a few halfpence t l ti h i lti 444 4: 14t h b er !Ng e % oc l l i lte? Dris C " r ier, as an insta nce of mann er ,pq b a th ,rt iner, _ Satherland, and fitted up with t tii, lk, and. •• "ow in use, at the expense of the q tl i r i j 4 4 4 4 °4 11ts f r t i t 11 kieße o e ?It Lyttelton confirm the particulars el 4t Iti o easio ned , tf l N s ; i shad Rto ti, oY the gales experienced in June, o t t"!ne hee:,conttruction of ecient moorings at okric4i t Thee of ".otterrnined to appoint an officer corn )lN. 10 41 Pilot and h • I Of 8 4 Purs uits , a rbour -master. W ith regart li r 'B 4 _ tne settlers were making steady tt 1 8. ttt 4 )se 40G lit.„, it lbl 'ttlV Sc'n ~ t e eats l have a _Oor, FARM... -The committee !I(t i ,o et ot i e .. t last succeeded in obtaining a farm 'ibis )4c4i7k th e : excellent locality. The amount re :t etEkbi ti ant f all 'arra and support the boys till the crop I te a i i:: b.... tE fort P e atlY short of 8001. It will require a Nt o ...5t,W.1,,0 raise the sum • ut , co raised, the ee a gre:e be aCCOMpliShed: 41 ' 4 41 4(1. d c t n he instit ution Of th :Ztent at least, sel a f- n supporting. The . ' c 4Perinient is very great.—Perthshire THE SUN, LIT EP. A T URE. TRAVELS IN EUROPEAN TURKEY /IV 1850. .By Edmund Spencer. 2 Vols. Colburn. Mr. Spencer, in again appearing before the public, has chosen an important and interesting subject, and a very opportune season. The great revolutions which have disturbed Europe during the last few a ears, and the memorable and disastrous war in "Langan - , have induced many who scarcely knew the names or existence of Christian provinces in the East, or that the Ottoman Sultan ruled over vast multitudes of Christians, to turn their attention to the politics and condition of eastern Europe. Mr. Spencer com mences his narrative on his arrival at Belgrade, and, after initiating the reader into the mysteries and in conveniences of Turkish customs, he describes his journey through the provinces of Bosnia, Servia, Bul garia, Macedonia, Thrace, Albania and Greece, and the lonian Isles. What the author tells us of his own adventures and mishaps is amusing and interest jng, but his chief object is the description of the habits, condition, and political feelings of European Turkey, hence the former are but little referred to, and then more by wa3, of practical illustration of the conduct of the inhabitani:s or the nature of the country. The ac count of the Servian war of independence, and the abuse of power exercised by the Paellas and others, which drove the peaceful Rayah to desperation, and the gallant and ultimately successful stand made by the latter for their liberty, under the hero Tzerni- George, is powerfully told. The e xtraordinar y success and military genius of Tzerni-George have rendered his name immortal in Servia, and the stories told of his prowess stand on a par with those of Scottish Wallace and Swiss William Tell. During the invasion of Russia by Napoleon, the Tzar sought to ingratiate himself with the Ottoman Porte, at this time intriguing with France, by putting down the rebels of Servia who were in arms under Tzerni-George against the Sultan; to which aid he dispatched into Servia, a clever agent, 11. Nedoba, whose intrigues in favour of the Ottoman Government com pletely lulled to sleep the natural prudence of the Ser vians, who were deluded into the belief that by allowing the fortresses and strong places to be occupied by Turkish garrisons, their independence would be secured with the exception of paying an annual tribute to the Porte. Tzerni-George, who was at this time all-power ful, rejected the proposal with scorn; he had hitherto beaten the Mussulmans in every encounter, even without the assistance of artillery; but now ho was better able to meet invasion, having one hundred and fifty pieces at his command. He had a splendid army of well-trained patriots, every fortress and stronghold in the country was in his possession, added to which he was deservedly popular and regarded with that superstitious veneration which insures success, since his followers firmly believed him to be invincible—an instrument in the hand of Heaven to deliver the true Church out of the hand of the infidels • • At the critical moment when the devatitating hordes of Mahometan Arnouts and Bosnians, supported by an army of thirty thousand men, were ready to cross the frontier, the Russian envoy protested in the name of the Tzar against ;the military preparations of Tzerni- George. In vain the hero pleaded his cause; in vain he represented to the Senate and the Russian envoy the certainty of success and the crime of allowing an army of fanatic soldiers and freebooters to take military possession ofl the coun try. It was of no avail, the Senate who yielded implicit assent to the statements of the Envoy, and reposed the fullest confidence in the friendship of the greatest monarch in the world, issued orders to the various Boa podars to disband their fullowers. Tzerni-George and a few devoted adherents, notwithstanding their being outlawed by the Senate, and menaced by the Envoy Nedoba with the advance of a Russian army to support the Turkish cause, still held out, until finding his army so reduced by the falling off of his followers as to be incapable of action, he was forced to seek safety in flight, arid he entered Austria. Now commenced a series et the most atrocious„ use s Jearbarous cru elties ever re corded in the histowlithqttntry„ The insatiable vengeance of the Senate* feria the Crescent was let loose on the devoted inhabitints; Whole towns and vil lages were burned to the ground, and the wretched people slaughtered without mercy. ' Children were bap tized in boiling water, as a mockery of the sacred rite by the infidels, and every refinement of cruelty prac tised that the imagination of a Nero could conceive. os 0 21. Tho Turks intoxicated with success, and supported by the countenance of their new allies, Russia and Austria, continued their mad career, ruling this haughty people with a tyranny most oppressive; but, although obliged to submit to force, the Servians were not conquered, the impenetrable forests and mountain plateau still re mained; and there the brave, the patriotic, the enter prising assembled to conspire against their oppressors, and prepare for another campaign, as sanguinary and effectual in its results as any undrtaken by their former chief,Tzerni-George.‘The insurrection, which at first was confined to the mountain passes, soon spread among all classes of the Servian population, and as it frequently happens in similar revolutions, found a chief worthy to rival Tzerni-George. This was Alilosh, who, though born a swineherd, possessed sufficient bravery and military genius to become the hero of his nation, and sufficient tact and ability to elevate himself to the rank of a sove reign prince; and if he had possessed one particle of humanity in his brutal nature, or exhibited one redeem ing quality in his tyrannical disposition, might have lived and died the monarch of a grateful people. Even his love of absolute power, which led him to trample upon all the social and civil rights of a people so tenacious of their independence, might have been endured in a man who had achieved so much for the freedom of his country, were it not sullied by an act which entailed eternal disgrace upon his memory—ho became the mid night assassin of his relative, friend, and companion in arms, Tzerni-George. The reader gathers far more knowledge of the man ners of the people, and the difficulties and dangers which the want of roads and bridges occasion in Turkey, from an account of a traveller who, without describing every incident of his journey, shows, by the expedients to which he is driven, the true nature of the obstacles he encounters. Mr. Spencer forcibly condemns the insane infatuation of the Turks in sur rounding their towns with a cemetery, or as they call it, the city of their ancestors, where they resort of an evening to breathe the tainted air, which is rendered still more injurious owing to the baneful superstition that exists of burying the dead only three feet beneath the surface, generally without coffins, with a hole bored over the heads of the corpses for them to breathe through. T his system, hurtful though it be, has one redeeming point, for the Turks bury their dead almost immediately after death, so that many are interred when in a state of torpor, and on coming to are often enabled to extricate them selves from a premature grave. Everywhere (re marks the author) the hospitality he met with from all classes, whethei,Christian or Turk, official or pea sant, was remarkable, not on account of the splendour with which he travelled, for nothing could be more unostentatious than a single horseman plainly equipped, and attended only by an uncouth guide—but from the simple fact that he was an Englishman. The re spect with which the Turks in general look upon the British power is extreme : France many consider to be tributary to us, and often troublesome to us by its revolts. Throughout the whole of the narrative the interest is kept up, which, when we consider that it contains minute particulars of the various revolutions and political changes in European Turkey during a vast period, does great credit to the author. The personal history of some of the chief agitators and others, are highly interesting, of which the romantic story of the unfortunate Halil Effendi, Instructor-in-Chief to . the Nizam at Bittoglia, is a sample : " His family name wa s a p rofound secret , never to be divulged; he, however , acknowledged, that when young, he had been a member of the brilliant corps de garde of Louis XVIII., and having talents, rank and wealth, he might reasonably have expected to become one of the leading characters of his country. Marriage, that lottery of lite either for good or ill, was the means of blighting the whole of his future existence: having, in a moment of ungovernable fury, shot the seducer of his young and lovely wife—who, to render the tragedy still more revolting, was her confessor—without commu nicating his intention to a single friend, he fled France for ever, and took his passage in a vessel bound from Marseilles to Egypt. " Like too many of his countrymen, impetuous and imprudent, his min d embittered against Christianity, on account of the injury he had received at the hands of one of its unworthy ministers, on arriving at Alexandria, he embraced Islamism, and took the name of Halil Effendi, patronised by Soliman Pasha, the young renegade speedily rose from ono military rank to another, till at length his talents and bravery won for him the friendship of Mehemet Ali, and his son Ibrahim Pacha, who advanced him to the colonelcy of one of the finest regiments in the service. Destiny, to use his own words, which seemed to play with its victim, by allowing him to enjoy for a time the sweets of life, only to hurl him still deeper into the abyss of misery, again wrought his downfall. c a o n u d nt t r e y a m rin an g , be effect his ruin, and fortune,"His de termined by secret machinations to a S r o i l v i m ai rl Peele hie s v e io n u em s o y f , h o i n s d good exonerated for that purpose secretly contrived to circulate er th t e hi m ag o s s , t injurious reports of his character; ho was accused of peculation, and onl y him self from the charges by submitting most rigorous inv e stigation. Ever hisconuc o ttothe impetuous, his indignation against his calumniators no bounds : qui cone, be several officers, who bad been particularly but t siv a e s in propagating the reports to his prejudice; duelling is prohibited iu Egypt under penalty of death, his cartels remained unanswered. This contempt for the . laws of honour irritated the hi g h- sou led Frenchman more, and while in this excited state, he met eccidents lly in the streets of Cairo ono of his accusers, an officer of high rank in the household of Ib ra hi m niche. Bahl upbraided his adversary in the most indignant terms, who retorted with equal asperity, words were succeeded by blows: they fought, end the unlucky Frenchman had again the misfortune to imbrue his hands in the blood of his enemy—his opponent fell dead at his feet. To save his lire he had no alternative but flight, and it required a swift dromedary to enable him to escape the pursuit of the officers of justice. " Bahl, however, succeeded in reaching Constanti nople, where, having been introduced to the newly appointed Vizier of Roumelia, he became his secretary and aid-deecamp. On the death of his friend, the Vizier, he was again compelled to scek some employ ment, when, after filling several unimportant stations in LONDON, the civil end military department, the Government, in acknowledgment of his services, have recently given him the post of Instructor-in• Chief to the Nizim, at Bitto glis, with the pay of a major in the Turkish service. The unlucky Kalil, having now lost the fire and energy of youth, divides time between his official duties and in writing a history of the Turkish Empire, from its commencement down to the present day; and should ho live to publish it, I Joel assured, from the industry and talent of the man, it will be found to be a work of great interest; and being a good artist, he intends to embellish it with plates, illustrative of the costume and manners of the Osmanli, and of the numerous tribes and_ races subject to their rule in Europe and Asia." HAYMARKET THEATRE. The presence of a good operatic company has en abled Mr. Webster to bring out a stong and pleasant embodiment of the Beggars' Opera. The cast of last night embraced the musical talents of Mr. W. Har rison, Mr. Weiss, Miss Louisa Pyne, and Mrs. Fitz william, while Mr. Buckstone, aided by several of the most useful members of the company, filled the re maining parts with capital dramatic effect. Notwith standing the antique character of the songs in this once popular opera it is seldom resuscitated without enjoying a brief lease of success. Now and then it is met with under circumstances of peculiar interest, as when a year or two ago it was revived by Madame Vestris at the Lyceum, and as it is now played at the Haymarket. The familiarity which the public has with the melodies which constitute the chief feature of the extravaganza, and the pleasure which their simple and unobtrusive beauty must necessarily oc casion to the unsophisticated ear, are facts of patent significance, and will not, we apprehend, easily be effaced. Mr Harrison was always a famous representa tive of the reckless debauelle whose name has become a synonyme for profligacy and inconstancy. 'He was last night in his best mood, and his loose, rol licking swagger, while tampering with the tendresses of the two girls, was in happy keeping with the genius of Gay's hero. Miss Louisa Pyne, whose ballad singing al ways reaches perfection, and who has here a field of unusual extent for the demonstra tion of the most pleasing side of her accomplishments, was an exquisite Polly, and achieved, in " Cease your funning," an encore, as loud and enthusiastic as the earnestness of delight could make it. Mrs. Fitz wil liani, as Lucy, was a coadjutor of nearly equal excel lence as a vocalist—of superior excellence as an actress ; and hence those two populer parts were filled to admiration. Mr. Buckstone is an uncom monly diverting Filch—which he plays with a dry ness and humour that have never been approached. The audience applauded the opera throughout, and the ercores, besides that already named, were several. The high-heeled shoes and furbelows of the period when the satire was written were preserved ; and the general ensemble was characteristically old-fashioned. The Two Bonnycastles followed. In our impression of yesterday we erroneously attributed, upon the authority of rumour, the paternity of this successful farce to Mr. Buckstone. We have since learnt that it is by Mr. J. M. Morton, the ingenious author of Box and Cox. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. As we anticipated, Mr. Batty's new spectacle of Azael is achieving the full weed of popularity it so justly merits, whether regarded as a great moral drama, or vehicle for the display of unsurpassable re sources, vast research, and profuse outlay. Having agai❑ witnessed the performance of Azad, our first impressions concerning it are fully confirmed. The continued and increasing success of this magnificent drama does not surprise us. The piece now plays beautifully and smoothly, the human actors having had time and opportunity thoroughly to study their parts, written in a style far superior to the routine of ordinary spectacles, embody them with vigorous truthfulness, whilst the quadrupeds—horses, zebras, camels, and various other animals—acquit themselves with a skill and intelligence almost beyond belief. This, added to the gorgeous and appropriate cha racter of the anise en scene, dresses, decorations, pro cessions, and tableaus, conduce to render Azael per haps the most effective spectacle ever produced, as it undoubtedly is the most instructive and most unob jectionable, whether we regard the pointed moral con veyed, or the absence of the noise, confusion, and continued banging of guns, which have hitherto been considered as inseparable from pieces of this class. Azael is indeed a great hit, and it need be to reward Mr. Batty for his liberal outlay and the time which hems devoted to it. THEATRE ROYAL; GLASGOW. Mr. Wright, a gentleman new to a Glasgow audi ence, but well-known to the London theatrical public, has succeeded Mrs. Fitzwilliam and Mr. Buckatone at this house. The audiences have been tolerably good, yet not equal to the deserts of the actor, who, for genuine humour, is not surpassed by any one at present on the British stage. On Monday night he appeared as Paul Pry, in which character he is the best successor of Liston we now have ; since which he bas excited the risible faculties by his personation of Popjny in Harvest Home, Marmaduke Magog in the Wreck Ashore, and Billy Lackaday, in the comedy of Sweethearts and Wives. These favourite characters, with the farces of My Precious Betsey, the Spitulsflold Weaver, and Domestic Economy, have made up a bill of fare entitled to a higher patronage from the public than has been bestowed. We trust, now that Mr. Wright is known, better patronage will be bestowed upon him when next he pays us a visit. Last night Mr. Wright took his benefit to a well filled house, and was enthusiastically applauded. We are glad to notice a great improvement in the corps dramatique of this.house.—Glasgow Sentinel. SUSSEX HALL. Last evening a concert took place here, the oo casion serving for the Milt of Miss E. Jacobs, who has a magnificent voice. The manner in which she sang gives evidence that, ultimately, she will be a valuable addition to the few remaining native artists that we possess. Mr. G. Lindley's song of " The Mountain Daisy," was finely rendered, as also Donizetti's beautiful song, " Linda Chamouni," which was re-demanded. The other artists consisted of Mr. E. L. lime (who in the course of the evening sang several of his own compositions), Messrs. G. Tedder, G. A. Cooper ; Misses Woolf, Cooper, Lizzy Stewart, &c. &c. The instrumental performers were Miss Woolf and Mr. G. Case, who played some fine selections on the concer tina. The hall was crowded to excess, so much so that in several instances the entrance-money had to be returned. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 26.—A court-martial took place this morning on board the Victory, in Ports mouth Harbour, Rear-Admiral H. Prescott, presi dent, to try the assistant-surgeon of the Helena, recently arrived from the West Indies, for drunken ness. The Court ruse about a quarter before twelve, having found the prisoner, Mr. Jobn G. Cambell, guilty. He was dismissed the service. CUATIIAM, Nov. 25.—The Tartar hulk was put out of dock yesterday. The Dispatch, 12-gun brig, was launched this day, and taken into dock to be coppered, and fitted for ordinary. Mr. Jeffery, extra clerk in the storekeeper's office, is appointed third-class clerk on the establishment, vice Morgan, discharged on account of ill health. A loan library - is being established in this dockyard, to which any of the workmen may become members by the payment of one penny per week. The Ad miralty have very generously made a present of about 300 volumes for the benefit of the subscribers. THE REMOVAL OF MR. RAMSHAY. LivEarooi, Nov. 26.—The following letter was received this morning, by Mr. Hull, the attorney on behalf of the inquiry at Preston into Mr. Ramsbay's conduct as Judge of the County Court : "Duchy of Lancaster, Waterloo=bridge, Nov. 25. " Sir,—l am directed to inform you that the Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster has thought fit to remove Mr. Ranashay from the office of Judge of the County Court of Lancashire, holden at Liverpool. "I am, Sir, your obedient servant, " F. DAWES DANTERS. "Mr. Frederick S. Hall, solicitor, Liverpool." The new judge in this court, we are informed by a correspondent, is Mr. Joseph Pollock, of Manchester, at present judge of the Salford Hundred Court of Record. Liverpool is fortunate in this selection of a successor to Mr. Ramshay, Mr. Pollock, in addition to high legal attainments, being remarkable for com bining with dignity and firmness a courteous de meanour. THE RAILWAY ACCIDENT AT WEEDON.—The sufferers by this distressing accident are progressing towards recovery. The poor labourer who was in a state of con siderable danger on Tuesday has somewhat rallied, and ac counts from Wecdon up to five o'clock last evening state that very little apprehension exists as to the termination of all the cases remaining in that locality. The hairbreadth escape of some of the passengers in the train is really marvellous. Among the most remarkable was that of the Marchioness of Conyngharn, who was returning to town from a visit to her noble father, Lord Anelesey, at Beau desert. The Marchioness occupied a coupii of one of the first-class carriages, and was accompanied by Mr. Blake, a friend of Lord Anglesey, and by her Ladyship's femme de chambre. When the collision took place, the Marchioness and her maid were thrown forward with terrific force. The head of the Marchioness came in contact with the frame work of the carriage, and the concussion was so severe that for some moments her Ladyship lost all sensibility. Her face is cut and bruised terribly, and the maid has also suffered very severely. Mr. Blake escaped with a few contusions. Captain Huish is recovering slowly, but has not left his home since the accident. Captain Bruyeres, whose escape from death was almost miraculous, his legs having been ac tually for a moment among the wheels, is quite recove re d from the shock, and, indeed, has not left his duties since the occurrence. The accounts from Rio de Janeiro of the 17th ult. quote the rate of exchange upon Lo n d on 2 Freights to London and Liverpool were at nominal quotations. THURSDAY EVENING-, NOVEMBER 27, 1851. THE HIGH PRICE OF BEER. (From the Chronicle.) / subject of complaint. When the duty of 103. a barrel was remitted, porter was reduced id. a quart. Since that time, the price has been stereotyped, and beer is sold at 23. 81. per gallon, which might be, and probably is, brewed at little more than Is. We are, , fact, paying war prices for a necessary of life. The agricultural interest suffers by the restricted con sumption of barley; and the poor suffer by the exor bitant price of a commodity on which, as we have shown, they spend one-eighth of their earnings. That a company has been established to sell beer at a reasonable profit is at least a hopeful evidence that the public are becoming alive to the existence and extent of this monstrous social evil. On some future occasion we may illustrate that stage of the argument which is concerned with the difficulty of coping with what practically—we do not say theoretically—is a huge monopoly, viz., the existence of brew ers' houses. The brewers have at length found their champions. Bung, Brothere, and Co., have retained their stalwart men-at-arms, who have vowed to keep the lists against all corners. It is a combat a routrance, and of :course we have no chance. Every resource, both of the arena and the rostrum, is desperately arrayed against us. The sciences which respectively address the rea son and the passions are banded together. The closed fist of logic, the argumentative defence of " A Con stant Subscriber and Reader," on the one side, stretches out on the plain ; and on the other " Sowry Swipes" buffets us with the open palm of his invin cible rhetoric. We give in. The brewers have the field to themselves, and it is only from the depths of a prostrate despair that we venture upon a feeble apo logy for our ill-starred attack on the Twelve. Our case—we recall it with humiliation—was, that the brewers made an exorbitant profit; and we arraigned them as extortioners of the first mag nitude. " Snipes "—euphonious name !—in choice language, somewhat reeking of the pot-house perhaps, and slightly redolent of its smokeables— takes the matter up fairly ; he flies at the very throat of the accuser, and shows to demonstration that, far from the brewers making exaggerated profits, they actually lose upon every barrel of beer they brew. This is the way to meet a charge—an assault of this sort combines completeness with audacity. It is the very poetry of reprisal--the brewers' apology is con ceived and executed in the highest spirit of art. Those whom the world has stigmatised as its tyrants prove themselves—the case has occurred in history— mankind's benefactors. London is living under the renewed dynasty of the Euergetaz—Barclay the Benevolent reigns I But what a melancholy reflec tion it is for beer-bibbers, that every quart they swal low is to them eleemosynary; Truman and Hanbury put all our patriots and most illustrious philanthro pists to the blush. What were the occasional sacri fices of a sinecurist Teller of the Exchequer—what the casual beneficence of a Howard—what the tem porary self. denial of those who have given a single life, or a single fortune, to the public weal—when contrasted with the perpetual charities of the Twelve great alms. givers ? Statutes and canonization are the very least reward that grateful London should be stow on its liberal, yet hitherto secret, dispensers of good deeds. In Continental churches, if we remember rightly, statutes of another company of twelve are raised on each pier and arch ; and the Royal Ex change ought certainly to erect images of Barclay, Meux, and their compeers, in every recess of the metropolitan hall of commerce. "An actual loss to THE COAL TAX. (From the Times.) History has no stronger revelation, and philo sophy no more startling paradox, than the fact that periods of internal weakness and disorder have often been marked by the most brilliant triumphs and most extensive conquests abroad. While torn in pieces by the dissensions of the triumvirs, Rome found means to conquer Gaul and to menace Britain. The Pope was never more formidable to foreign sovereigns than when he could not walk the streets of Rome without being insulted, and was scarcely safe within his fora. fled palace from the conspiracies of his turbulent no bility, and Republican France cverran Europe, while no man in the capital was sure of his life or property for a single day. Instructed, probably, and moved by a minute acquaintance with these examples, ancient, mediaeval, and modern, the Corporation of London has selected the present moment for the increase of its territorial dominion and the impositi on o f its yoke on necks hitherto unaccustomed to bear it. To the eye of a superficial observer no time could appear more improper than the present for such ambitious designs. It is not treason to say that this august body is gradually fall ing into something very nearly approaching to con tempt. Dissensions, hitherto unheard of, become more and more frequent among the civic dignities. The Lord Mayor snubs the Aldermen, the Aldermen growl at the Lord Mayor, and something like a con sciousness is evinced that the recent appearances of the Corporation as hosts of her Majesty and as guests of the Prefect of the Seine have by no means tended to the exaltation of civic dignity in the eyes of the pro fane and uninitiated. Under these circumstances, it required no ordinary courage to select the present time for snatching an increase of jurisdiction, and the future historian of the Corporation will record this hardy and successful enterprise with the same admiration with which Livy tells how Rome, with Hannibal at ber gates, sent forth her legions to the conquest of Spain. It was no trifling exploit to have " taken in,' as our ancient writers would say, at a singlq stroke St. Albans, Hertford, Watford, and Hatfield, together with a goodly strip of country which, if the city of London be considered as the planet Saturn, would make a very respectable ring; but it is a double triumph to have done this at a time when it was supposed that the Corporation had enough to do to hold its own, and to have accomplished it by means so secret that the first we heard of it was its complete success. Smithfield has been torn from the reluctant grasp of its civic patrons and admirers, but the same session of Parliament which witnessed this severe loss saw also the adroit reprisal which by the insertion of four words in a seemingly harmless Act of Parliament has placed within the pomceriuna of city of London a l arge , f ert il e, and distant districtwhose subjugation th e mos t am bi t i ous aide of never before dreamt. Who could have th oug ht that 11 - .man had inoffen sive title of "An Act to amend - .lcier the the vend and delivery of Acts relating to Westminster, and in c coals in London and 'srtain parts of the adjacent counties, and to allow a drawback on coals conveyed beyond certain limits," there could lark the capture of foi:'c important towns and th e conquest o f 7/ probably quite as large as the city of London itself ? Yet it is even so ; and what in creases the marvel is, that any one might read the Act through from cover to cover without discovering that it has any effect in enlarging that unfortunate district of country which it has pleased Parliament, for inscrutable reasons, to tax at the rate of one shil ling and threepence a ton on its coals, for the benefit of the wealthiest metropolis in the world. The sting is not in the enacting clauses of the 14th and 15th Victoria, chap. 146, for th e y are pecu li ar l y modest and inoffensive. Indeed, the only mention of taxation is in the second clause, which repeals the second sec tion of the Bth and 9th Vic., cap. 101, except that part which imposes till 1862 duties on coal, calm, and cin ders contained in any ship or vessel arriving at her moor ings within any part of the port of London, or brought near London by railways or by the Thames, or to any place within the distance of twenty miles from the General Post-office, by any railway constructed or hereafter to be constructed, or by inland navigation, or by any other mode of conveyance. So far from imposing a new tax, this Act simply seems to leave in force the clause under which the old tax was le vied, and the rest of the measure is taken up with the regulation of duties, customs, and drawbacks in cidental to the establishment of that most astonishing octroi which the city has organized at the distance of twenty miles from the General Post-office. It is only when we come to the fiftieth, or interpretation clause, which probably would be read by few, that we find the words which are destined so materially to add to the civic dominions. Hitherto the distance of twenty miles from the General Post-office has been measured along the road, railway, or canal, but now it is de clared that the expression "London district" shall mean so much of the several counties of Middlesex, Surrey, Kent, Essex, Herts, Bucks, and Berks as shall be situate within the distance of twenty miles in a direct line from the General Post-office. the brewer, of Is. per barrel" is the brewers' impreg nable defence against their calumniators. We know not what most to admire in this astound . ing evidence of public spirit. The secrecy of the thing—the amiable reluctance on the part of this holy Guild, these Brethren of Mercy, to let their good works be known—the quiet, calm, unobtrusive nature of the sacrifice—its magnitude—its continuance—all are evidences of a charity of the purest and largest quality. And when one comes to reckon its ex tent—to spread this aggregate of liberality over past years—to multiply it into interest and compound in terest—imagination swoons at the immensity of the gift which, unconsciously to its recipients,. has so long been showered upon us. If brewers, with barley at twenty-five shillings, actually lose one shilling on every barrel they produce, what must have been their incalculable sacrifices in those dreary years when the raw material was nearly double its present price? The mind faints at the total of our obligations to the brewers' public spirit—the old nails and horse-shoe sum shrinks into insignificance in comparison with the aggregate of Messrs. Barclay and Perkins' hidden alms-deeds. Generation after generation of brewers, from Thrale to Whitbread, have lived, and have died embalmed in the odours of their unrevealed virtues— the memorial of their benevolence perishing with :hem, for no " Sowry Swipes " lived to rescue :heir boundless munificence from oblivion. Their charity has been its own exceeding great reward ; though it is some consolation to re- fleet that estates, titles, rent-rolls, capital—all have accumulated on those self-denying firms who were always, for the public good and in mercy to the poor, trading in such a way that they lost upon every ounce of malt that they manufactured. Providence has signally blessed these good men by enabling them to create capital by constantly employing it at a ruinous loss. The case is clear—accept but " Swipes" statistics, and the brewers are the greatest heroes, as well as ;the most remarkable commercial paradox, which the world has yet seen. To be sure there are other calculations extant. We extract from a contemporary document an estimate which tells a different story, and which we leave to the curious to collate with that furnished by our witty and forcible correspondent, Mr. S. Swipes : " The practical monopoly obtained by the London brewers has long been a serious and crying evil. A few months ago, we did hear that the price of beer was to be reduced to the extent of ss. per barrel; but it is evident that the design is postponed, if not abandoned alto gether. Yet the profits of the brewers are altogether outrageous, as will be perceived from the following esti mate, which is our own. The price of malt, from the lowest brown, ranges from 44r, to 565. per quarter. We may therefore assume 50s. as the average price of malt used in brewing London porter. Seven pounds of hops, at 9d. per lb., will cost 53. 3d.; the charge for brewing, as has been allowed by the brewers' brokers, is lls. per quarter, though, from the improvements in the arrange ments and manipulation, the real cost cannot reach that sum. Allow 6d. per barrel for delivery, and we have the total cost—from which must bo deducted 2s. for grains, and we have the net cost of a quarter of malt converted into porter and delivered at the publican's. Now, London porter varies in strength from 191bs. to 221bs. of saccharine matter p er b arrel, say 201bs. per b arre l ; and a quarter of malt, o f me di um quality, wil l pro d uce from 821bs. to 881bs. of saccharine matter. We have known it to reach 941bs. The account then stands thus : Malt... Hops—. k)xpeus©s £2 10 0 0 5 3 0 11 0 These four fatal words, in a direct line, have " taken in" not merely Parliament, but four towns, one of which, St. Albans, is not easily to be outdone in the arts of furtive dexterity. While Parliament thought it was merely assisting the Corporation in the not very easy task of explaining its own meaning, it was really imposing a galling and unjust tax on many thousands of her Majesty's subjects who had hitherto been exempt from it, and subjecting the inhabitants of a large district of country to the same degrading tribute which has already been levied on the districts nearer the metropolis. The Corporation exults in its shame, and assures the victim s o f it s mos t unprin cipled Parliamentary tactics that the augmentation of the London distri c t was no a ft er th oug ht, b u t a deli berate and intentional trap, into which Parliament has fallen. 3 6 3 Deduct grains ... ... 0 2 0 Per quarter... . ... 3 4 3 Which will produco 4 barrel 9, at 0 15 1i Add cartage 0 0 6 Cost per barrel ... 0 15 74 Si Iling price Discount 5 per cent. Cost ... 1 13 0 0 1 7i 1 11 4 0 15 7i Nothing can be more agreeable to the Corporation than such a state of things, i n w hich they combine the useful with the sweet, the pleasure of outwitting Par liament with the solid profit of overreaching their country neighbours. Such amusements, however, are at the present time a little dangerous to the health of this apoplectic body politic. People have allowed the Corpo ration of London, under the pretence of the conservancy of the river, and as remuneration for trouble which they never took to usurp a duty of the Government and levy a tax on seaborne coal. They have been per mitted, on the truest Protectionist principles, to levy the same tax on coal brought by canal, because, as expressed in the preamble of the 23d George 111., chap. 80, sec. 19, it was apprehended that the convey ing of coal from the collieries of Warwickshire, Staffordshire, Leicestershire, and Derbyshire, might be detrimental to the coasting trade, by diminishing the consumption of coals brought by coasting vessels. They have been permitted by a corrupt use of Par liamentary influence in days when the same excike would not be tolerated to impose a light tax on coals brought by every railway in the metropolis, and t o erect a chain of custom-houses in the heart of this free-trading country to enforce their exactions. Not content with this, they seek to enlarg e th e number of their tributaries by smuggling words into a local and personal Act, which extend its provisions under pre tence of explaining them. Possibly Parliament may think that it has been long enough the instrument of such practices, and may deem it necessary not mer e ly to undo this last trick, but toinquire into the ri g ht of one part of her Majesty's subject s t o tax another for purposes in which the taxpa3ers have no interest. Profit, ft h a per a barrel company And it is a £o 15 9" ... is already established, which upon its own estimate —not the above—gua rantees.a profit on its capit a l o f 70 per cent ., w hich would fairly justify our estimate of the profits which brewers make at 100 per cent. To speak seriously, however, on a serious matter--we are fully content to allow the question to sta n d i n it s presen t p os ition. The only detente which the associated brewers offer is one which proves that they are now manufacturing at a dead loss—a loss of ls. per barrel on every one of the 23 million of barrels which they annually pro duce—a loss which consequently must have been about doubled when barley was twice its present price. Whether this defence does not go a little too far—just a trifle.more than what the exigency of the case, to say nothing of common sense, required—we leave the public to settle. But, besides this champion, we have to meet an op ponent of a different class. Fresh, apparently, from the most Scottish school of the most Scottish of sciences, "A Constant Subscriber, &c.," admits our charge, and the force of the public complaint—allows that the prices of brewers are exorbitant—but urges that so it ought to be. Meeting us with our own favourite weapons from the arsenal of polical economy—and familiar as ourselves with the truths of Free Trade—he bolaly propou n d s th e doc trine that tradesmen are justified in charging what ever they can get. The blame, we are assured, is with the consumer, who submits to be pillaged —not w ith the producer, who, on principle, claims the indefea sible right to rob. And theoretically we admit this. Our wonder is, that, with so patient a publi c , the brewers do not double their present charges. Our argument only incidentally touches their profits, for our aim has been to stimulate competition. It is just a case in which we wish to dispel the pleasure of being cheated—the pleasure of cheating is another affair, and one of private morals, not of social eco nomy. We wan t t he public only to realize the loss they suffer; for the remedy, we are perfectly aware, is de jure in our own hands—though what it is de facto is another matter. At any rate, this correspon dent is rather a tissue with his contem porary, " Sowry. Swipes." The one admits the extravagant g inis of the brewer—the other urges that they manufacture at a dead loss. Both apologies cannot be true. It will not be argumentatively endured that, of two classes of our opponents, the one should admit the fact and justify it upon principle, while the other surrenders the principle by denying the fact. The brewers must take their choice, and inform us whether they consent to the doctrine that they are commercially justified in charging what they please, or whether they wish it to be understood that they aro brewing at a loss —or, if at a profit, at what profit ? And let it be distinctly understood that this is not a question between the public and the pub licans, i. e., the retailers of beer, Far from it. We believe that, as a class, they are especially op pressed by the existence, and the consequent prac tical monopoly, of brewers' houses, as well as by the vices of the licensing system, and that they are equally interested with the consumer in the establishment of a free trade in beer. The high price charged to the retailers is our CABS AT SIXPENCE A MILE.--Mr. William Thompson, of 16, Southampton- row, Russell-square, has w ritten to the editor of the Ti mes: —Si r,—Seeing your lead ing article of this day, in reference to my advertisement on the 3d instant, I beg to say that yesterday, the 25th, I brought out my cabs at sixpence per mile, which I trust will be satisfactory to the public." In the early part of October, her Majesty's ship Hogue, lying at an c hor in the T agus, a cry was ra i sed of a " man overboard." Mr. Crowdy, a midshipman of the ship, was sitting in the gun-room, and on hearing it immediately jumped out of one of the ports to save him. It being some time before a boat could be lowered to pick up those strug gling in the water, both Mr. Crowdy and the seaman were nearly exhausted, when Lieutenant Cave, and Mr. Robinson, midshipman, also jumped overboard, and were fortunate enough to rescue them from a watery grave. SUSSEX MAYORS, 1851-2.—The following gentle men have been elected chief magistrates of the boroughs and e inque ports in Sussex, for the ensuing civic year, viz.:— Arundel—Richard Holmes, Esq. Chichester -111 r. Alder man Gruggen. Hastings—Mr. Alderman Ilickes. Peven sey —J. W. Breton, Esq. Rye—Mr. E. S. Banks. Seaford— Ur. Henry Simmons.— Sussex Papers. EXTRAMURAL INTERMENTS. —At a meeting of the vestry of St. Pancras, yesterday (Mr. Churchwarden Baker in the chair), it was announced that the proposed measure for extramural interments bad been abandoned by the Go vernment. Mr. Brettingham said that he was glad the Government had abandoned the idea of becoming general undertakers. This was a most opportune occasion for the vestry to take the matter into their own hands, for , looking at the crowded state of some o f our chur cnyards, it Was most urgent that something should be speedily done. As ha considered this question one of vast importance to the ex tensive and populous parish of St. Pancras, he would at once move that the vestry should memorialise the Government for power to take ground for the purpose of extramural inter ment. The resolution was unanimously agreed to. KOSSUTH. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. beg to send you the copy of a letter I have addressed to the Times, and shall feel obliged if ycu will give it a place in The Sun.—l have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient, servant, DUDLEY COWL TS STUART. Literary Association of the Friends of Poland, Susses. chambers, Dcke-street, St. James's, Nov. 26, 1851. TO THE EDITOR OE THE TIMES. Sir—Having seen in your paper of the 13th inst. a letter from Mr. Anstey, M.P., he which I am referred. to by name, and in which the conduct of two bodies to which I belong is called in question, I claim from your justice the insertion of my answer. Mr. Anstey has retired both from the committee for managing the Polish and Hungarian Ball, and from the Literary Association of the Friends of Poland. The grounds which he assigns for his retirement are the impolicy of converting this annual festival of a great national cause into a demonstration of any one political partisan, and, above all, of arousing against that of Poland and Hungary the of all those to whom, on various grounds, the name of M. Kossuth was obnoxious; the injustice to other more illustrious exiles from Kuitayah in singling him out for universal worship, and ignoring altogether the existence of the rest ; and, finally, the vote of the Hungarian Diet, iu 1848, for sending 40,000 soldiers into Italy to help the Austrians to reconquer Milan-- a vote opposed strongly at the time by Count Teleki and others of the Liberal party in the Diet, and only carried through by the strong personal influence and eloquence of M. Kossuth himself; who moved it. With regard to the first objection, I have to say that it was not the object of the committee to convert the ball into a demonstration in favour of;any individual: the object was to make it as conducive as possible to the end proposed—that of relieving the distress of the Polish and Hungarian exiles. With that object in view, it has always been the practice to invite any celebrated person happening to be in London to attend such entertainments ; and just as Kossuth was invited to Guildhall other distinguished persons have been invited to entertainments given there, and at other times, for similar purposes. It was thought that in co-operating with the com mittee in their benevolent endeavours he would be doing an act congenial to his feelings, honourable to his character, and which could be offensive to none. The ball, therefore, not being intended in any way as a mode of doing him honour, Mr. Anstey's second objection as to the injustice to other more illustrious exiles from Kuitayah of singling him out for univer sal worship, and ignoring all the rest, has no applica tion and must fall to the ground; and on that point I have only to say, that if the committee had known the names of any refugees from Kuitayah more il lustrious than Kossuth they would have been very happy to ask of those persons the same favour which they asked of him. As to the third objection, which is that K ossut h i n 1848 moved a vote i n the iet of 40,000 men to assist the Emperor of Austria ,11 the war of Italy, I must remark that even allow,ing Mr. Anstey's statement to be correct, I cannot admit it to form any reasonable ground for his w'ithdraw'ing his name from the ball committee or I .rom the Polish Association. By the invitation t .,0 the ball neither the committee nor the associatfion committed themselves to approval of every act of Kossuth's political career. Oa the act in question there are various opinions, some blaming and others cordially approving it; but clearly it was not an act so decidedly immoral or injurious to the inte rests of those on whose behalf the ball was given as to make it absurd or improper that the author of it should be asked to a ball for their benefit. Having thus disposed of Mr. Anstey's objections, permit me to state in a few words the grounds on which I have arrived at the conclusion that M. Kos suth's conduct with reference to the vote in question was not merely justifiable, but highly commendable. Consider for a moment the posture of affairs in Hun gary at the time when M. Kossuth delivered his cele brated speech of the 20:h July, 1848, printed by you in extense in the Times of the 19th instant. At that period Austria had made all the concessions which had been so long and earnestly sought by Kossuth and his partisans. The great measures for the commutation of the corvees, and for the establishment of a Hun garian Ministry responsible only to the Diet, had not merely received the Royal assent, and been confirmed by the Emperor King in person at Presburgh, but in the very Speech from the Throne on the 4th of July, 1848, to which the vote in question was an answer— a speech delivered by the Archduke Stephen in the name of the King, those persons had been branded as calumniators who dared to hint that the consent of his Majesty to these laws had not been voluntarily given, or that their revocation was meditated by his Austrian advisers. Was it not then incumbent on the men whom: the King of Hungary had appointed his Mi nisters.in that country to take care that whilst the King appeared, on the one hand, thus ready to meet the wishes of the nation, the nation should, on the other, perform with loyalty and exactitude the duties which it owed to the King ? Now the Pragmatic sanction, which became a law of Hungary in 1723, and by which the ancient consti tution and liberties of that country werfesolemnly and specifically confirmed, has always been interpreted as imposing on the Hungarian nation the duty of de fending from foreign aggression the hereditary states of the house of Austria. This was the view taken in 1741 by the Hungarian Diet, when the Queen of Hungary, Maria Theresa, by virtue of the Pragmatic sanction, claimed their aid against the combined forces of France, Prussia, Saxony, and Bavaria, who bad entered into an alliance for the purpose of depriving her of her hereditary dominions. Could M. Kossuth, at a moment when the sovereign had not only confirmed all the existing rights of the Hungarian nation, but had restored others which his predecessors had taken away, have refused with any propriety to acknowledge the obligations generally admitted to have been imposed upon Hungary by the Pragmatic sanction? Would it have been either justifiable or prudent in him to do so ? It is true that doubts were rife as to the good faith of the Government at Vienna ; but no overt act of aggression against Hungary had at that period been committed. Although Jellachich was then in arms for the purpose of extorting from the Hungarian Government a repeal of the union which had subsisted for many centuries between Croatia and Hungary, still all participation in his designs was strenuously denied by the Court. It was not till the 4th of September, 1848, that he was reinstated in his dignities by a decree of the Emperor a few days before he crossed the Drave and marched upon Pesth. Surely wisdom as well as loyalty required Kossuth to afford no pretext to the Austrian Mi nistry for declaring that Hungary had violated the compact which bound her to the House of Hapsburg. Even though such a step might have been morally justified by the intrigues carried on by the Court of Vienna with Jellachich and the Serbians, it would at that period have been difficult to furnish evidence of those secret transactions • and what effect would an apparently unprovoked depar ture on the part of Hungary from the terms of the Pragmatic sanction have produced on the more mo derate politicians in Hungary ? What impression on the rest of Europe ? Admit even that such a depar ture was not merely justifiable, but that the justifi cation could have been made manifest, still I ask, whether it would not have been most culpable in Kossuth, by refusing the demand for assistance, to have risked a rupture with Austria ? It is true that on the 11th of July the Diet had decreed unanimously a levy of 200,000 men. But on the 20th, notwith standing the unparalleled activity of Kossuth's admi nistration, this army must still have existed upon paper only. Besides the Croats and the Serbs were in arms on the southern frontier, whilst on the northern the fidelity of the Slovacks was still doubt ful. Will Mr. Anstey venture to assert that it would have been an act of " patriotism" on the part of Kos suth, surrounded as Hungary then was by enemies, to have peremptorily refused the demand of Austria, and thus have precipitated hostilities with another and still more powerful opponent ? If I have succeeded in showing that the interest of Hungary required Kossuth to adopt some such line of policy as that which he pursued, it only remains to be considered whether the Italian patriots had just grounds to complain of it. And here I would ob serve that it is not correct to speak of the inhabitants of Lombardy as being in arms for the independence of their country in July, 1848. On March 22t1 the inhabitants of Milan had gallantly expelled from Milan Radetzky and the Austrian garrison who oc cupied that city. The example of Milan was speedily followed by other cities. But subsequently to that period the brunt of the war in Lombardy was sustained by Charles Albert. The union of Lombardy with Piedmont had, indeed, been publicly proclaimed, but a strong party in Lombardy openly disapproved of that measure. On the 7th of July Lord Ponsonby wrote to Lord Palmerston that the Austrians ,ai , were persuaded Ki ng Charles Alb e rt , b great difficulties t o appre h en dfrom causes besides th e A us t r i an army." other The war was already stigmatised as " a king's war.,, A very few weeks later, on the .sth of August, Charles Albert was saved with difficulty from the fury of the mob in Milan ; and, therefore, there is reason to be lieve that if the project of Kossuth , so m uch reviled by Mr. Anstey (instead of remaining as itdid a dead letter), had been carried into effect ; if, after the esta blishment of tranquillity and peace in Hungary—if, after its moral and physical independence had been s ecured, a Hungarian army had ent ere d I ta l y for the purpose of promoting a friendly compromise, which should maintain, on the one hand, the honour of the Throne, and, on the other, equally accord with the constitutional freedom end reasonable wishes of the Italian people—there is ground, I say, for believ ing that such an arrangement, not merely obtained through the mediation, but guaranteed by the power, r - : of the constitutional monarchy of Hungai have been not less in accordance with the wNb.. the int-rests of the peopl e of Lombardy than nexation of their country to the dominions of the of Sardinia. What then becomes of th e c h arge, urged with such an air of triumph, against M. Kossuth, th at he pro posed a vote of 40,000 men to cut the throats of the Italian patriots ? And what then becomes of the charge which has been brought forward much more frequently, and which has commanded, probably, much more general belief, that he exerted himself, induced by motives of personal amoition, whilst Minister of the King of Hungary, to effectuate a separation between Hungary and Austria, and to wrest the Crown of Hungary from the House of Hapsburg ? A careful examination of his conduct during that brief administration shows that he was more scrupulous than even so sound a statesman as Count Latislas Yeleki, to preserve unimpaired the provisions of' the treaty which regulated the relations between Austria and Hungary ; that though strongly urged by Perczel and the democratic party to come at once to an open rupture with Vienna, and though exasperated by the underhand correspon dence kept up between the Austrian Cabinet and Jellachich, he determined to retain Hungary in a po sition strictly defensive—in short, that his policy, under circumstances as embarrassing as can well be imagined, not only exhibited loyalty to his Sove reign, coupled with a due regard for the interests of a foreign people—respecting whose destiny he was called upon in some measure to decide, but gave proof of firmness, moderation, and prudence, such as would have added reputation to a Minister grown grey in the service of a constitutional Sovereign. I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, COTTB STUART. Literary Association o D UDL f the EY Fr i ends of Poland, Sussex Chambers, Duke-street, St. James's, Nov. 25. EALTIIOFLONDON DURING THE WEEK. (From the Registrar-General's Report.) A further an d i mportant i ncrease in the mortality is an indication that the public health has suffered to a considerable extent from the coldness of the wea ther. The deaths registered in London, which in the laat week of Octoher were 861, and in the first two weeks o f N ovember increased to 989 and 1,022, rose in the week which ended last Saturday to 1,132. During three weeks of October the weekly mean temperature at Greenwich exceeded 52 deg.; in the last week of the month it fell to 46 deg.; in the first two weeks of November to 40 deg.; and last week it exhibited a further decline to 35 deg. The present return is heavy as compared with cor responding weeks of the ten years 1841-50, the average of which did not exceed 993. If the average be corrected for increase of p o p u lation, it becomes 1,091, on which last week's mortality shows an excess of 41. With the depression of temperature towards the close of the year comes increased fatality of diseases of the respiratory organs. This class, which is ex clusive of phthisis, numbered in the two previous weeks 148 and 168, but last week the number rose to 256, whilst the corrected average of corresponding weeks is 208. These 266 deaths are distributed thus :-103 caused by bronchitis, 105 by pneumonia or inflammation of the lungs) of which 82 occurred among children), 27 by asthma, 4 by laryngitis, 5 by pleurisy, and 12 by other diseases of the respiratory organs. Pathisis, or consumption, has not discovered the same tendency to incres9e, the numbers ascribed to this disease in the last three weeks having been 125, 123, and 135. The last number, however, is some what greater than the corrected average. Next to the above class in its contingent of morta lity, and nearly equal to it, is that of epidemics, among which typhus, scarlatina, and small-pox are the most fatal; 62 persons, of whom 23 were ch i ldren, 33 were 15 years of age and under 60, and 6 were 60 years and upwards, were carried off by t yp h us , continued fever, &c. In the Workhouse, Sishopsgate, the eon of a labourer, aged 4 years, died on the 19th November of " petechial fever (15 days), broncho pneumonia (4 days)." This child was admitted with its another a month ago, from 3, Harrow-alley, Aldgate, the father also lying ill with fever in the men's house. Mr. Spencer observes that the place they came from is situated amongst a number of slaughter-houses, close and confined, the houses being in a dirty state, and mostly crowded by Irish of the poorer class. STATE OF THE WEATHER DURING THE PAST WEEK. SUNDAv.—The sky was generally covered with stratus and haze till afternoon, and it was clear afterwards. Elec tricity—Positive, and tension strong at each examination. MONDAY.—The sky was free from cloud until noon, from this time till sh. r.x. it was for the most part covered, and clear during the remainder of the day; cumulostratus and cirrostratus. The day was very cold. Electricity—Positive, and tension moderate during the afternoon. TuEsDAY.—The sky was covered with cloud between noon and 2h. P.M., and generally clear at other times; cirrocumuli, cirrostrati, and haze. Light snow fell at 9h. A.m. The day was very cold. Electricity—Positive, and tension weak during the afternoon and evening. W EDNESDAY.—The sky, with slight exceptions, was covered with cloud throughout the day; cirrocumuli and cirrostrati. The day was painfully cold. Electricity—Posi tive, and tension strong throughout the day. THURSDAY.—The sky was generally clear throughout the day. Electricity—Positive, and tension strong throughout the day. FIUDAY.—The sky was overcast till 2h. P.M., and the amount of cloud during the remainder of the day was variable; cumulostratus and cirrostratus. Misty rain fell during the morning. Electricity—Nothing was shown throughout the day. SATURDAY.—Three-fourths of the sky were covered till noon, and the amount of cloud WP9 variable during the re mainder of the day; cirrocumuli and cirrostrati. Slight showers of rain were frequent. Electricity—Nothing was shown throughout the day. The mean reading of a thermometer placed on the main mast, and read each day at 9h. A.M. was 34.5° ; and the mean reading at 9h. P.M. was 35.7° ; the mean readings at the Royal Observatory for the same times were 33.2 Q and 31.2c1 respectively. The reading of the barometer decreased from 29 88 in. at the beginning of the week to 29.70 in. by 9h. PM. on the 17th; increased to 29.78 in. by 9h. r at. on the 18th; de creased to 29.61 in. by 9h. P.M. on the 19th ; increased to 29.96 in. by 9h. r.m. on the 20th; decreased to 29.72 in. by 9h. P.M. on the 21st; eud increased to 30.04 in. by the end of the week. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS. STUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, NOV. 22, 1551. Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*240 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... 37 Tubercular Diseases ... 184 Diseases of the Brain, N erves , an d Senses... ... 123 Diseases of the Heart and 8100d -vessels 57 Diseases of the Lungs, and oth er Organs of Respiration ••• •• • ••• •• • •• • ••• 256 Diseases of the St omac h , Li ver, end other Organs of Digestion... • r Diseases of the Kidneys, &c. Childbirth, Diseases of th e U terus, &c. ••• Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Muscles DLeasos of the Skin, &c. •• • Malformations... • • • • • • •.• eremature Birth •.. ••• .•• Atrophy • • •• • •• • Old Age •• • ••• •• • 1••• Sudden ••• • ••• ••• •• ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• Violence. Privation, Cold, and Intemperance Causes not specified ... ... 32 ... 53 ... 35 ~. 10 DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES 1,132 Population Deaths in come- Deaths Envmeraiod, sponding ',reek In the 1851. of 1850. Week. West Districts... 376,332 .. 163 ... 157 North Districts.. 490,441 .. 176 ... 187 Central Districts 392,986 ... 148 ... 210 Eist Districts ... 485,336 ... 239 ... 250 Sv)tith Districts .. 616,545 ... 290 ... 328 Totals... .....2,361,640 ... 1,016 Males Females ... 1,132 ... 555 ... 577 Males ... Females ... ... 723 ... 658 TlaiN si v . ) ._ i s , ~:110.,, --C,.. ,1 :, -...Vii,V' ;:t ~ '-'<f,;,A, : E. • r" ., ..., : .. , z..9,-1 ,-,) ~..„.„A- . .6 N.,,r-,,,,<> •,.,,A,.3 ... .. ••• ••• BIRTHS IN THE WEEK. Total ... ...1,381 *Li this numb or are i nc l uded 45 b y Scarlat i aa: 62 by Typhus Fever, and 2l by Diarrhoea. The American letters for Glasgow on Monday afternoon were carried to Edinburgh by mistake, and the menecrechfoarntas dwaeyrebycotnhseeqbuluenndtleyr. deprived of their correspond- BEQUESTss P ILGRIM ' S Wray, 01. OF 1,0001. TO FRIEND SOCIETY.—The executors Bath, whose bequests of MVO L t o ToilfmtheAlaGtEeDMl' various clergymen were low days back, have just ap prised the secretary eo:tmhpas society a that the deceased lady has association was instituted in 1807, . also left it 1,0 001 . This for the re r e f of aged Christians whose age exceeds 60 years. It administers relief to both s exe s , a ll ages , and every deno mination ; it has already relieved 1,300 persons, among w h om ithas distributed 32,0001. There are 40 pensioners at t en guineas a year, 183 at five guineas, with some 500 others in receipt of smaller sums. Every department in the manage ment of the society is filled gratuitously. About 1501. per month is distributed in donations. The money will be vested in the funds immediately on its receipt, so that the principal may remain, and the interest constitute a permanent fund at the disposal of the society. REPRESENTATI ON 01' WEST KENT.—" We have authority to state," says the Maidsto,te Journal," that in consequence of severe illness in a member of his family, Mr. Stoddart Douglas has found it necessary to relinquish his intention to become a candidate at the next general election for the representation of West Kent. EFFECTS OF FREE TRADX.—WELLS, NORFOLK, Nov. 2 5.—A few days ago an estate composed of 100 acres of arable land, situate near this town, and late the property of Alp. Joseph Haycock, deceased, was sold for only 7, 0 004, the purchaser being the Right Hon. the Earl of Leicester, of liolkhan. INFLUX OF laisEt POOR.—Yesterday, at a meeting of the board of guardians of the Holborn union, J. B. Hum phries, Esq., in the chair, it was stated that there had been a large increase of poor for the past week, arising chiefly from the influx of Irish poor. Mr. Cottle wished to know how far persons returning to the union after they had been passed home could be punished. Mr. James said that it was difficult to bring the law into operation against the class referred to by Mr. Cottle. The board, after some discussion upon the matter, voted a sum of 501. towards the expense of sending back to their own country a number of Irish paupers.