The Sun. — London, England, 1851-12-10 00:00:00

6~ !F~rl i 1 for r'" Op d 1 n '4O Dlts' , rlor , : o n : W ell 13 i i 01°1' k, O O ;0 , 10,' 11l ET NE II S. (sins DAY.) C Dk r „, N (3 ''''LXCl-I AN GP—WEDNESDAY f ,--t,ut,vithstundin, tlLtt the arrivals of EnAlish Wheat l r an s ' U P to tlis ° l3a - )rning' b market, eoastt6so and by th i carria.e Wore on a very limited seale, and that Pl:still"' o(3seariples of' both red and white was smad, ?tiled de Of for al kinds of Wheat cf hotae with cal , 413c tive, and Honda - 's quotations were di t ere,l2°l2,Ported. No For. ig,n Wheat has arrived this tot er L, T °tday the quantity on (Tier, ex granary, was trona:"Y extc.nsive. Fine heavy samples were in fair ItiCj' t, at full prices. In the middling and inferior T * 4 frraparatively little busine, , s was transacted. ' Oes 0 Isd 4 4 f '3atin g Carg . ef I' l' ' Odessa Whca ley , t °r Ilolland at 32s 6d per quarter. Bar- t ate h°llgls, in moderate supply, moved off slowly, a too.i.Araftt's• Malt, however, was quite as dear. Oats the ~71 off mlowly, but we have no actual fall to notice in t4l4l :l 3 b l C:a ti t un , s ta ' tio 'B n e i r 7, Peas, Indian Corn, and Flour ""--.....................2:CR1VALS Till :s WEEK Wheat. t ' b 'tl:3l l 14 54 :• • • I;:tricy. I Alalt. Oats. Flour, Qrs. 1 ,'270 Qrs. Qrs. , Qrs. 2, 420 730 i 753 2,530 1,6C0 7,920 I 1,100 0 1It 3410 RTJ OGEC HOP MARKET. and hit Market continues steady for all new H o p s , he w s c ''k *3 Qf Prices are wiAl supported in eve ry instance. - samples is comparatively small. Gerler4'l VITHITECHAPZia. 14 , 3 ' speakin g , t h e d eman d was i n a sluggish 25 41 Yet prices wen) mostly supported. a ' 8 1; t ; ) 3s 4 d; Mutt on , 2s 8d to 33 10d; Veal, 3s to '' 'or k, 2i 4d to 3s 8d per 81bs by the carcase. v ict ‘ , -CEI ANCERY.—(THIS DAY.) tii, „, Tao:us e, HEATH—JUDGMENT. e 14 tlii,"'CirlOUT l‘ 404 f ets,, thisVmicoer-nCinhga.nwechniocrhic'aAmileKlblletfograev his Honour judgment : ,18,4 archer directions and costs. The testator died iu e NI, ,‘ stated in will that S° Pse l e uat that the rents accruing thereon • should go 4 ' allci his his estates were not to 1114 4ults debts, which amounted l ahi sw t !,r that had been done, the residue was to be be ' given to about 2,0621 and been t eeei t o ' lo for life. The total amount of rents ths. 1 4 1 (1 there'dariug the four years amounted to a t b 9 o 7 ut . 4 T O O h l e , 4 W as novv a balance in hand of abou / 18t •le hi s & 4 tor ~t , report had fonn tain t to pay ; derU 100/, a-year, and that it was not suffi d that the estate of the considerable 4 4 1 41 . bdebts which amounted to fat ei,i's Renour, after going through a ti .e facts, stated 'est aor oo h est ate , will there must be a he should refer the s ah, `;. La conclusion he said . decree to sell the es kl att s e '' to the Master to ascertain what was the tsthe,rd value of the further Itectioa, that to be without prejudice to the personal estates specifically be 411t, 1:18 ant ad ministrations—Judgment accordingly. tilh' - -'NS — BEN CH. IS DAY'—(TH ) v.lii; 14 "as t dhsi . the first day of the Nisi I'rius atSitting stittitate of itia London. The cause-list .. contains the t welv e ea tY•one cases, of which nine are remanets are special juries. Th is 44, w as ortimoor V. BRETTLE. the 11 41 1 4 of 4 n action of debt brought to recover . Ple a haberdasher's bill, to which the defendant 'sad q ed the let,i,,,&, general issue as . p L d ate-hill, and the part of the bill. Il ls ss t. ''''a was a draper, in u g et slant a g4intleto an residing in the Albany. Towards lb pli n k 49 t h teat l , e defendant purchased a silk dress all ey hi s k - s shop for 8/. los. tle's ag a ; auasabers, and on a subsequent day he 4 1 . 4 1 0 , '13,2 ftee praparaied by a lady, and bought another Prahal4 11 1 ' itt 4 ',,, 7, . - Tne manners - of the two induced a as Mr. s te k e sueY were man and wife, and e ski t° - s a w the defendant to s Nt . A uesitetke in gi v i ng him, or the lady be a man of p f r o ope h r i t m y : Ca te holy , ''cr afterwards , le be at, soma time h r amounting to loiti, sa, ~ a Parcel of haberdas er), at the r lady's le t ,' las h e ' sent to the defendant's chambers . , together !itt e e bi ll , valued 4 th " Ik a shawl at forty-five guineas; but it lit g awt e W ai delivered for the former items . the 11 1 14 tith 'ared that the lady was not his wife . , and s I .l;oe t lt ,.hc Ives Only liable for the first two items. 4 1 ; N s cif ausvever, in charging the jury, laid it to tle: ll tr, ~,,,lw, that Where a man introduced alady tli'a4th B wife he eeefor the value of any 0 wee t raieht h ' "'CA- liablein the belief that .oh,e °b rain -e supplied to her 11 4'0 9 se y vt,ahled on his account; but it was for es t t h s e . Busy s.weacther the evidence was sufficient to ‘ 145 a j,41, ueliet, 14 4 1 31 t etUrn d • forthe plaintiff for the full eeti teed. -e a verdict (si ft P .k, i h '‘-tit --------/,,,, ( T R 4 DAY.) 1 4 4t tzis.QL."----k --I before Mr. Baron 1,41 Prius at Guildhall, J , ~h• i 'Au RT/N and a Common urye) Nrillw4, Disnuter. V. InAITLAND. 1 ., h r ail action st 4- stir a to recover 33/. ss. t• (s one 'ti f r esteee r , ' as a carrier. 21, for work it,'' ih e dr aPPsared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Islaw 4, ' 04,,,,, efeLdant. 4t oe er . , t - "En said tho plaintiff was a miller and too-krakto 4shurst, in D , vn and the action was , t o ‘i4l P k ,, tt Pli t t ee V the balance of ' an account duo to . him Ashurst United o tti 4 l; oul e and coal for the ),, N tot lrt • e defendant, ' 4 ' 41i. Parq• The s was a sharebroker in h' or , London and one of the earliest :Oven -4"4 4r eh la '. tti, ke,„, , 0 Era, in the mine. The twas i lt t a s se 4,-,;111, and was abandoned in 1850 h . e l_esen. etek ce ept s t 'a il s 910 cost-book principle, andt di t , t,„ , e , sold es the td Pats ° la shares in form usually adopted The defendant lesea tt)tleted in that way. P tll PO il t 44 Pay some of his calls, to the amount t tf t , t 'lla of h .'. and, therefore, hadreason to no debt, in s, 'llee to "'s being fixed with the present akt, i',1)05.3 r l3 ' • of the other shareholders. etttlilq•oivist," having been proved, . ale 'sen, • 3 contended that there was no evidence t.e O l th'„ ° Y, „ 44 t having sanctioned the proceeding of h r l ti t Y te • i t Z f ti his having given the managers any c li i f 400 the debt. Pei 4 ti e 141° en ured 1 summing 'l4 14 '411.1.1 N in , up, said the law was, he must be con os his esn„,,, _, , in to a partnership is 1 i , 4 e el esedifgir(ll authority to hk n d ti5 %e ,,,,, ur all the necessar expenses incurred copartners . to d Ottl "tibt " u rt't of .the undertaking; and there could . or, t th u _ e of t "k , th earrying coal from Totnes . , was Ik ty i h he 0 0 tease to Plymouth to be shipped, i. to the mine, e l is 'llleste•el'a°o and ordinary business of the co - tih! tf l I°ll. The defendant was, therefore, respon ill 1. 5t hr,, , _deehts Incurred. th i o a erclngly, lull ansoutt returned a verdict for the plain k I i) _ i'! 4 4,, 1)-LESEX SESSIONS. Iti,./ Joh,, (THIS DAY.) se )v s , - -I ftto i,,, . 11 14 J 4 f o rc e,, Iv .c,tisa Wz/son, respectabl-dres ... s n e d d ti 0 ,t0t,,,,_ re,,,i Ad indicted, Jones for stealing, .' ~ l i9 e ta sC n g, a . purse, containing four tl,tp,,sotll h filings in Silver' "At,,, At er Perso n. the property of , Anne o li l'i i `; f or tOO defended Jones, and Mr. Metcalf docks®ap ,,°iiieb°n• Mr. Payne prosecuted. at 0' Was that Saturday evening last, s s sse, e e, , on te'Vlaete,•ru•ecUtrix arrived from the country, at V ° ' o " took ter arrived of the Great Western Railway, ss k1; 4 4, st a , ` l • a seat in one of the Charing.cro r _ . jj th ' s e ,.!le Of ;,,,,was followed into it by the two p i th'as "thr direct! Placed herself beside Mrs. Norris, l' t d, a s i 'ireetly 0 Pposite The carriage was then li i ii 4 tp li llvey. t was passing out from the station one o to f t t toe Pelieetnea directed the conducto! Ikt tA l d isepqa an al those two It c h's the' a:id observed Jones, .who sat Ndth?4t,whiel"lo,7 lady, Mrs. make young ladies." Nprris, He ob 4te, th e ' 4 thr eor ) aPPeared to him suspicious. tk e, atep, eu the veindow of the door as Il t/ otClico n ,„' and watched the prisoners in consequence he stood t 4 Y l ',, kigo'n4's suggestion He heard Wilson say to 0 7 0 ' 4 l 4 ,,m0t - er " b it look sharp and take i . ktl.sitset Ovtare at the time that anything klttt t eet, t n the prisoners were gettin g out in a O re x . e;Zot,,„Qcluested the other had been passengers to se II 17. h ad tx7 , . • se° if all was right. Thereupon the 1% i l , l at a f ete that she had lost her purse, which , ' ,i l h ' i k tirip. ''' minutes before put back safe into her it . °4' 1 010 ` 4l 'cn out of it a sixpenco to pay her fare. blbie4hlv4y, " w ed the prisoner, who had only got a few 1tt54,04.ath554,41 when he challened them he and Mrs. t _ e t i ,iicl th l'p e 'v the prisoner Wilson drop the purse nh S l " y gat th contents were all safe. This witness t l lli tt ,' bs t : Prisoners were not passengers bythe . , t.: 4 1; . ° kr rill " e re in the crowd on the platform, as . it t-li i , ri sl 9tne 0 'a kth .ginee ne Comin g up by the train.. He noticed 'Os, etre ' tiP against other ladies, as if they were -4;s se,s'oekets. lie 'th rpeople ,' dodging' in Ya i 0, Nei - 4' tie had 8 0 5 0 W a ° former cp occasion detected s:sh i •et e t'"g pock„ te i n his ve hi c l e , and given that :N11),511(11,8„t,"Y• The railway directors were pleased toCi , l ,Of 4 11 ic - , and the secretary, Mr. Saunders, prc te Ids a 8 0•, , e l paid for his s , . vcregn. I hat scare y il ) ?q,, i , uL he thought it was liberal. ),k:' tl i e wEvi that Jones picked up the purse in the ii,ielhe-s,Ptre°,..seesut.rix having dropped it when she l 't' 'vet s "'ned it te her pocket. l'it N tt 4 a se i,und Guilty and evidence was given that i:'it4thisst,esi"*knoven members of the ob of swellm 4 1 11 ' 1 Po ill aiCs' s T heY had each been tried before , under tenne. a l e rt t i () for }ba g ro in omnibuses.—Sentence: . kli t 'll A)11 4 4 f ur tsn ell i le , rd, s e k e n.ees„, superintendent of the railway police, ,N,INI4e thh . "' to prisoners' counsel, that he had taken ', °t) ° kt, rt)11 rhos 'bility, and that any I ! , ta w . ee o „.. own respousi it his ~ I'l°SO allowed by tlo e e Prosecutione. ,th t. The company Courhtadwnouoltdhirbige 4 lti e liq * I t 4 e P art, S : l ' REL T—( T HIS DAY.) 'llillititt n , t the keeper of a coffee and cigar shop in livtitistott;titt,re,.llle.d the Drury Saloon, was charged I t lit!, of anJ With an assault upon John Franklin, I,4‘4‘l)pt. 444.rthuae4ting-houie in the Strand, called the 1 41 by ted that "t Rooms th 1 1l tt 4ctliaptiti the lk t Prosecutor and the prisoner had it il'nk,,:ttir,t.on the cafee-shop of the latter (which 41144"4t0r 1 " l c , '), and in the result Fall knocked ' , l P,O t o ( Ow t i t ,l tl tj k , e s to e , and then kicked him severely in 1 11 411 )4 1 9 . 4 Y th, nger one of his eyes. tttk_tily, .).ught the case too serious to be disposed V de 4e111j0q,43(1. co mmitted the prisoner to take his 41 4 1 t4514,,_ 0 , ,1 : 1 , 11 4, 1 (......Zl THE AMERICAN WHALERS IN 1 4, 1 Vht itttirned with clk,c---The JPLellan American p,t t4 y, i ti ta,,,,, 300 barrels of oil ancl ' s,ooolbs. of kt 3! Of t l a!, 6 5 !, 1 %e of her men on the west side of Baf lhAhr,`lt, liking W hales ' ,of ; they would winter there for the y ,11 1 ,4 1 , 10 • 'tes, and the ship is to return for them t!‘4ll(tQl.tclitll 1 ' WA ' Y t lll 441414 Prazt' ITE " FEE S IN THE CITY.— GiligiiiY, iltiaele.ratien f or e of 01 extorting pence ostensibly as 1! services of waiters is now pro -4%14112 irelii_ie consideration at some of the Cify was4lll4,,f)zious tax has been abandoned at v414 / 4 14 VkAt4 iA Dtickleribary. S EJ N, INVIGLABILITY OF THE GRAVE. A correspondent of the Builder says—lt is thought even by some who mean the best, that a provision to leave graves undisturbed for eighty years is tufheient. They have no right to be disturbed as long as there are two yards of ground in the country nut buried in. I believe there is no country or island but this, Where they cannot afford their dead a grave in perpetuity; by which I do not mean the surface kept from cultivation or other uses, but the grave from invasion. Even in the smallest of the Antilles I never heard of burying twice in the same ground, and some of these islands are more thickly peopled than Great Britain, and more cultivated than Surrey. But those who say there is any place where men cannot afford their dead each two yards of ground for ever if they choose, are not worth answering but by giving them the lie direct. Which is the more essential to " Christian burial"—a ridiculous acting and aping of a medifeval baron's finery, or a decent treat ment of the body for a generation or two after? Which is the more indecent treatment, reconverting the ground into a common cultivated field, or into an English so called " burial-ground?" Is the heaping up and stowing away bodies on these piles burial at all, or the pile itself ground at all? Any use or cultivation of the ground again would surely be more Christian and reverent than this pestilent and abominable mockery. But cultivation is nowhere necessary, at least nothing nearer to it than timber-growing, which is the very kind of cultivation this country can never get from selfish enterprise, and therefore needs continually more and more, as Evelyn ani others have said. THE FIRE AND LOSS OF LIFE AT FISKERTON. NEWARK, TITESDAY.—The terrible calamity briefly described in yesterday's Sun has proved more dis astrous than was anticipated, five individuals, instead of four, as was at first supposed, having lost their lives. The mill destroyed was five stories high. At the time this catastrophe occurred, John Bailey, a miller's apprentice was coming out at the door, and was driven forward by the rush of wind oocasioned by the dropping of so great a weight of roofing, flooring, flour, meal, &c., within. Henry Britton, a labourer, who was in the doorway just behind Bailey, with a sack of flour on his back, was knocked down, and partly buried in the ruins, but being dragged out, it was found that he was not mortally injured, though his nose and left shoulder were seriously bruised. A man named Rey nolds, and another named Britton, directly behind him, and following him to the door, each with a sack of flour or grain on his back, were knocked down and smothered; as also were twu others, named Lloyd and Robinson, who were further from the door. Mayfield, the head miller, who it is supposed was loading the others, each in turn, was found standing up with his face to the wall at the western end of the building. He was the only one who was burnt, his head being thoroughly roasted. A man named Sleight and his son, a young man about 22 years of age, were also buried in the debris, bat fortunately they happened to be near a window et the time, which they smashed, and let them selves out at the northern side of the building. The sou's arm was slightly bruised, but this was the only in jury either of them sustained. In the evening of the same day, Mr. Falkner, the coroner, held an inquest on the bodies. They were found to be William Stimson, aged 30, labourer of Rillcstone; John Reynolds, aged 21, labourer, employed in the mill; Frederick Lloyd, aged 22, butcher, of Rolle stone; William Mayfield, aged 28, waggoner, employed at the mill; and Jas. Robinson, 30, foreman and engimeer at the mill; Robinson was the only one who was mar ried, and he, unfortunately, has left a wife and five small children. A verdict of " Accidentally Killed" was re turned. The premises were occupied by Mr. Joseph Marriott; he was insured in the County-office for 5001. The build ing belonged to Mr. Chambers, of Tibshelf, Derby, and it is understood was insured. CITY SEWERS .COMMISSION. Yesterday a court was held. Deputy Peacock was in the chair. Some conversation took place after the court was open€d on the reports of the several inspectors, but no thing of public importance was elicited. With reference to the fall of premises in Cannon street, City, it was agreed that the matter that after noon should be submitted to a view. OPENING OF TEE WESTERN AREA OF ST. PAUL'S. Mr. BARBER, the originator of the scheme for the opening of the western area cf St. Paul's Churchyard, desired that the clerk (Mr. Dew) should be requested to write to the Dean and Chapter for the purpose of ascertaining on what day it would be convenient for them (the authorities) to receive a deputation from that court.—(Hear.) He had understood that the Members for the City of London would attend the deputation if they were invited to do so, as well as several influential parties. Decided that the application bo agreed to. Mr. H. Blake, jun., having been chosen assistant clerk in the room of Mr. Tickner resigned, The report of the medical officer was brought up and read. THE MURDER IN SOMERSETSIIME. BATH, DEC. 9.—After the prisoners charged on sus picion of being concerned in the murder of George Bush were remanded yesterday, information was received by Mr. Hughes, the chief of the Bath police, which in duced him, with Inspectors Brown and Drake, to pro ceed immediately to Farnborough, a village about two miles from Priston, where the murder was committed. The police there succeeded in apprehending a young man named James Evans, a butcher, living in the village, and whom they at once brought in custody to this city. The prisoner was to-day brought up for examination before the county magiatrate, when Mr. Slack, solicitor, attended on his behalf. Tho proceedings occupied till past five o'clock. Several witnesses were examined, including the two police inspectors, WED. James, a coachman to the Rev. Mr. Hammond, of Priston; George Lewis, gardener to ' the same reverend gentleman; and Mrs. Weeks, the landlady of the Ring of Bells public-house. The principal circumstances affecting the prisoner, as deposed to by them, were that on Monday, the day of the murder, ho was at the s ale at Priston, after which he was drinking at the Ring of Bells public-house, in the same village, in company with the deceased and an other man named Ricketts. Betw een seven and eight o'clock, the deceased Bush having shortly before disap peared, Evans, the prisoner, called to the landlady to know the reckoning. He then discovered that Bush had not paid his share; and he was heard to say to Ricketts that he (Bush) must be a d-- mean fellow, and that he ought to have his head chopped off. He also said that he should like to do it too. Ricketts told him to hush up, but directly afterwards they left together; and after being away about twenty minutes they returned, and called for another pint of beer. Evans had before paid Bush's share. On their return they did not appear so lively and cheerful as before, especially the prisoner Evans, who ex pressed a wish to go home, and • asked a man named Perry to accompany him. Ricketts asked him if he was fidgetty, to which Evans replied, " No, I'm if I be." Evans, Ricketts, and Perry soon after left, to go home together. After the return, Evans took a quan tity of silver from his pockets and counted it. On being apprehended, a half-sovereign and some silver was found upon him, and also an instrument called a phlem, used for bleeding cattle, and which had blood upon it. Blood was also found upon his clothes, but, being a butcher, of course that circumstance does not bear so strongly against him as it would against persons of other avoca tions. The prisoner was remanded till Friday, Mr. Hughes observing that he had other information, which he was not at present prepared to lay before the bench in the shape of evidence. Mr. Slack applied that the prisoner might be admitted to bail, but the magistrates declined to accede to the ap plication. AN AMERICAN OUTRAGE. The Opelosuas Gazette of the 29th ult. gives the following account of an outrage in the parish of St. Landry :—" On last Friday, between the hours of ten and twelve o'clock, one Dr. J. W. Hopkins, of Plaquemine Brulee, entered the house of John D. Moore, eighteen miles from this place, in our parish, accompanied by a negro, armed with a double-barrelled shot gun. Hopkins attacked Moore with his pistols and bowie-knife. Moore being unarmed seized him and threw him down, and was about to wrest from him his bowie-knife, intend ing to use it in defence of his life, when Hopkins called upon the negro, asking why be did not shoot him ; upon which the negro repl i e d that he could not shoot without killing both. Hopkins then said, " Shoot anyhow." Moore then sprang to the negro, seizedithe gun, and was about to take it from the slave, when Hopkins, who bad raised himself from the floor, ad vanced towards him with his pistols and bowie knife. Moore then endeavoured to make his escape through his back door. Hopki ns pursued him, and fired without effect. Hopkins then returned into the house, demanded'of Moore's wife the keys, and bid her give him John Lyons' money (the father-in-law of both Moore and Hopkins). She replied they had none of John Ly ons ' money. He took the keys, searched the house, and found sixteen dollars in the press. He then turned to her an d sa id he would leave no witness against him, that he intended to kill her. He took her by the arm and endeavoured to turn her round in order to shoot her in the back. He then fired. She threw up her arms for protection, and the ball struck her hand, nearly cutting off two of her fingers, it then struck her abdomen, when luckily it glanced, and did not penetrate the intestines or 'bowels, The monster then mounted his hor se an d fl e d . Th e re are now six men in pursuit of him. W e l earn th e y are now on his track, and will doubtless arrest him. He is a man of slender form, about five feet nine or ten inches in height, and light blue eyes. It is rep orted here that Hopkins fled from Virginia for killi ng a man." REDUCTION IN OMNIBUS FARES.—The large body of proprietors of omnibuses on the Oxford-street line, forming the London Conveyance and Paddington Association Com panies, have announced an arrangement which affords faci lities for omnibus travelling on this most important line of road which have not hitherto been attainable in the metro polis. The most remarkable portion of the new table of fares is, that it not only enables the public to ride from the Edgware-road to Tottenham-court-road for Id., or to Far ringdon-street for 21., by any of the regular omnibuses on the line, but also to and from Tottenham -court-road to tho bottom of Holborn-hill for Id. also; so that there are two distinct fares of Id. each, or 2d. for the whole distance, from the Marble Arch, through the heart of the metropolis, to the bottom. of Holboru-hill, a distance of nearly three miles. These concessions to the public feeling in this matter will a4'vic itaiVerNi NAtigutioiat Sacks 810 T H E EVENING, THE SUPPLY OF WATER TO THE METROPOLIS, "Aide toi et le ciel t'aidera," such was the advice of Jupiter to the clown whose cart wheel was sunk eo deeply in a rut that his horse was unable to extricate it. The fellow sat down and cried aloud for help. " llelp you !" exclaimed the god, "Lay your shoulder to the wheel, you lazy bound, and endeavour to help yourself, and then you may expect aid from me." This fable may be well applied to the inhabitants of the metropolis, who are continually crying for fresh and pure water, yet as a body make no effort to obtain it, but quietly sit down, treating the matter a 3 an absolute impossibility; and instead of sedulously applying themselves to obtain the requisition, leave the task to a few who, as it were, single-handed, are left to combat with the difficulties and overcome them if they can. It certainly is a matter of - great surprise how a people vauntingly professing to be cleanly, should so long, with a full knowledge of the fact, daily before their eyes, of the discharge into their daily drink of the sewerage of this vast population, continue to be content with such polluted water. It might have been expected that this well-known and astounding fact would have created such a hurricane of indigna tion as would long since have swept before it the present system of corruption. But such is the apathy of the case that, with the exception of a few meetings called together at the earnest solicitation of some worthy philanthropist, no notice appears to be taken, and the mass are allowed to go on drinking and dying, heedless of the cause and effect. This extraordinary apathy can only be accounted for by the remedy for the evils not being generally known. Let the tocsin bell sound and let the people flock together and demand redress. Let the officials in every parish aid in this cause, and let all of us put our shoulders to the wheel, and we shall soon have a be neficial result. The supply of pure water is so essential to our very existence, that we feel it an imperative duty to bring the subject prominently before the public, in order that those who have it in their power to render assist ance, may rightly understand the matter, and give that assistance for the benefit of themselves and those who have not the power to interfere. Yet all have in some way a direct or indirect power to assist—some can assist with their purse; others by their intellectual acquirements ; and all by joining in representing to the Government the grievances arising from the sup ply of water "wholly unfitted for human consumption." We have now before us the various reports of commissioners, committees, and boards of health—the Lancet and many other sources of authentic informa tion ; all of which have been printed and published for our general use and benefit. From these we shall make such selections as may appear necessary to give a fair statement of the present position of the water supply on the south or Surrey side of the Thames. We may mention that we make choice of that large district, because the evils are more grievous, and because by far the greater part of the population there are comparatively of the poorer class of the commu nity, who require to be looked after in a sanitary point of view as much for our good as their own. For filth engenders disease and pollution, and but let an epidemic tendency arise, and, as the flash of lightning, the contaminating influence will rapidly spread, rushing as a whirlwind from the dwellings of the poor to the mansion of the rich, striking all alike by its pestilential effect. Water in its elementary state is a chemical combi nation of two gases, " oxygen and hydrogen," in certain proportions. These gasses are alone necessary to the constitution of water. In this simple state it is only to be met with in the very purest of distilled water and in some ice. The Wenham Lake ice has been esteemed the purest of any hitherto introduced to our notice. In this state of purity, on account of its solvent properties, it is not found here, but is always in combination with other matters, and these consti tute the nature and quality of the water. It constantly participates in the properties of the manifold sources whence it is derived or through which we obtain it. The additional matters with which it comes in contact and impregnated are arranged under the two heads, " organic and inorgamic." The inorganic additions are for the most part merely suspended in water, and do not impart any deleterious proper ties, but there are, however, inorganic substances contained in water in a state of solution, and to the presence of these are indebted the sensible properties of water. The organic matters are those which impart the deleterious impurities to water, and are either derived from dead or living substances of a vegetable or animal nature. Everyone who has been in a steam or other boat on the Thames has had an opportunity of seeing the inorganic matter, or suspended clay or sand floating past him, but the organic or deleterious matters are hidden from his view, and to these shall we direct our particular attention, because they are our most insi dious and destructive enemies. During the influenza and cholera epidemic, when the mortality occasioned by the effect of polluted water was excessive, the aid of the General Board of Health was required, in order to avert or mitigate the ravages of those diseases, and their attention was par ticularly directed to the inferior quality, and defi cient quantity, of the water supplied to the metro polis. They reported that the supply of the Surrey district of the metropolis was " wholly unfit for use, and was highly dangerous to the health of the persons who drink it." This district is supplied by the following companies from the Thames water, namely— THE SOUTHWARK AND VAUXHALL—and THE LAM BETH. The first of these two companies takes the supply near the Red House, BATTERSEA, and the latter from a point AT LAMBETH. We will now consider the quality of the water taken at BATTERSEA and at Lambeth, as appears by the evi dence given on various occasions. It is reported on oath that the supply of these two companies is " the worst water in London." The water as now delivered very generally exhi bits " a thick and opaque appearance, and although professing to be filtered, differs but little from Thames water itself as produced direct from the river." The great source of pollutio❑ to which the Thames water is subject is the sewage, which consists of every con ceivable filth and abomination—the waste of the kit- then, the contents of the watercloset, the refuse of the slaughterhouse, knacker's yard, hospital, gas works, and other impure manufactures of every de scription,—these and many other matters of an offen- sive, disgusting, and dangerous character, are height ened by the decomposition which they undergo in the sewers, previous to the discharge into the river. The filtering system at present adopted only sepa rates the larger particles of earthy and organic mat ters, allowing a free passage of the smaller, includ ing all the lesser animalculm, but all the impurities of the water in a state of solution of course readily pass through the filtering medium. The medical writer of the Lancet, in speaking of the disease occasioned by the impurities contained in water, and referring to Thames water, says, that if we allow two quarts of Thames water as the average daily quantity of water, in some form or other, con sumed by each person, we must, from positive evi dence, admit that there is then introduced into his or her system every day ten, twelve, or more grains of some earthy or alkaline salt. When it is remembered that five grains of many earthy or alkaline salts constitute a medicinal dose, the conclusion is indisputable that such water, especially with other organic impurities, must produce medicinal action, and, therefore, affect the health. It would occupy all our columns were we to give a minute description of each particle of impurity found in the Thames water, and, therefore, shall present to our readers two engravings, which we have selected from the Lancet of February last, in order that the public may hare a clear idea of the impurities. SOUTH WARK AND V AUXHALL COMPAN Y. " This engraving represents the principal animal and vegetable productions contained in the water as supplied by the Southwark and Vauxhall Company. Drawn with the camera lucida, and magnified 220 diameters." LAMBETH COMPANY. - 11 -- - l-' 7,106,1, --.' (11101,, IlitrulSA 7 . ll,__ANNik , \'*'''..-• ci •''' wit t . 2 ,4 ~ , %.1i r. , -, j i . r:-..,./1 l ir I N ‘ •ikts. k-,%.,-,-,2,,,, , ,.. i ~,,,,:------ - • vemi r44, ----,--,-, rv=--fi r -----\,.\,,,. •:,-- N,ttits. -fr- yr 41 / V I N Of .....,. .. 4 4 ~, ilk ; i:.-. A k ..--- , .-_- ----,•._ A vw . '-' • ~,,_..., ~., , i 4 ..-.• li V i , zo \ tit .::* ~p . , i: c ,, / , , 4\ • - ''.•', ~,<--,,,,,,, . „ 1 1 ti . n ; \ S,V . ' ' k - 1 , , , .' • . 4 ,54),,, " ? ;/ 1 1 - ,-„ 7 -, ---,..,,-, it.,.... i ~ „..,....,‘, cliip-.,qte. —J -r 7/ 7 , , sl'. - - ,i11.,, -- ' -- ____—:: , -- , L -- -- - : ,---- -- ~ •••,,... : i;, „-•-' ' V ~ ', --- - 7 - (- ,-- • ~,,,,,,,,' - ( :--.;:ii(r.i•;^k/;,,y-f-1, _ H _ • : , 1 7 1 . - ~, : .'.4:_, ( ~--N , vi ..„. a k.,,,, , ,,, { ~...., . ki , 1k A , sr-- ~:,%•••• •.: •. t ' . .- s ' , A , ../,--''', ''''(-4 A ) ~'- . •A \ --I , , , -7 4f). - -A , s' ,-• .'..:.::'s - A. ,ti V1,.. ,, - -,, ,. ~ ~_ V . Ci :r• ..' —` 7L\ "\ \\., , 7 A. .....,,, ,..... 4. :' . : :) . f . 1' . : ., :. 1 :::;•• . : - : " .,_ : . 1.L- -- :: ~.: 41 t. ‘ 4.,7 ._ v's.;'isli , • _,...<,,.. n, , At," .. "- - - •'• , • ,4\,-,•__->,_ i , ,•‘ - !.:: , ::..".40;' , " ,,,, -- 1 .. e, \ k ~I, /tA('\ ,C ~ ../A ...• 7- • -- -'.-:. , -- - - -,- ; , - 17- k: , ..k) :c,f`,:-../ ~.." - - --_ • W! ,,,, - 5 -.,: • . _ --..,...: . ;,-,,,, -- *.t , N 4, 0 ,, , 'riffi.: . -, !Yi.iy 7-- '• C) N.:- - --, i f:e. je s - •;..., i, 'sk : .. b ,f,T Nt) !.., '. ,I: ; •:: %. ".-n "This engraving exhibits the organic matter living and dead, especially the Thames Parantesium, as supplied to the public by the Lambeth Coin. pany. Drawn with the camera lueidn, and magnified 220 diameters." No other testimony than these can be necessary to satisfy the most incredulous of the deleterious cha racter of such water, containing, as it does, this heterogeneous mass of horrid impurities living and dead. The foregoing drawings " represent only a very small portion of the organic matters, living and dead, contained in the samples taken of less than a quart each." But sufficient is'adduced to convince any one that the presence of such creatures as are there shown, must render such " water wholly unfit for human con sumption !" On this point it would be simply a waste of words and argument to offer another observation. An Act some time previous to the last cholera epidemic, was obtained by the Lambeth Company, authorizing it to supply the south district with water to be taken from the Thames at THAMES DITTosi, near Kingston, and the company have recently been ac tively employed in laying down the mains and con structing their works there; on the completion of which the supply derived from Lambeth, denounced as the worst in London, will be discontinued. Let us inquire into the Thames water at Ditton. Before it has reached this point it will have received " the refuse-outpourings of upwards of 200 cities, towns, and villages," and we can readily conceive that such outpourings, consisting of the living creatures seen in the engraving, would float on and on, increas ing in number with the outpourings from each town and village. Just above the point where the proposed new sup ply from the Thames is to be taken, rushes the Damp. ton Court Sewer, adding to the already numerous excremental accumulations of the other cities and towns, that of the Hampton Court District—and no small addition is this ! We have before us the report of the Government Commission of the 23d June, 1851, on the chemical quality of water. The Thames Ditton water was analyzed by these Commissioners ; and what does the analysis declare? That this Ditton water -contains— a sulphate of lime, a sulphate of soda, a sulphate of Po tulip]) a uitrate of lime, a chloride of sodium, a chloride of Potassium, acarbonate of lim e a n d a car bonate of Magnes i a , Silica, Iron, Alumina and Phos phates, Ammonia, and last, not lea s t, organic matter ; and all these i mpur i t ies after the water had been filtered; for the sample was taken " from a main in Surbiton, near the'company's works." What do these Commissioners say about the sul phates and chlorides? That . the sulphates rema i n i n solution although the water i s boiled, imparting per manent hardness ; the h hardness being, i n f act , s li g h t l y increased from evaporation in the boiling. We will pass over the organic matter, as we hav e sa id an d s h ewn enough for all reflecting minds to dwell on. During the last session of Parliament the water question was referred to a Select Committee, consist ing of Sir James Graham and other distinguished Members of the House of Com mons . In th e course of their investigation the engineer of the Southwark and Vauxhall Company was examined. He deposed that the water supply was taken from the Thames at the same place (Berrinisits) as hereto fore, adding that, in the course of a short time, the supply would be taken from Thames Ditton. It also appeared in evidence that the Chelsea W a t e r Com pany likewise obtained their supply from a place near the Red House, B ATT ERSEA. There would, said the engineer, he conceived, be I but very little difference between the water got from Chelsea and that from Thames Ditton, and as far the water drawn at Battersea oats two o e h a o n u a r ly e si e s bb goe ,i s ; as good as that drawn from Thames Dillon, indeed he did not think the water at Ditton would be preferred in any case except in that of a new supply. The chairman of the company was also examined. He stated tbat he was of opinion that there is no ap preciable difference between the water drawn even at Henley, and THAT AT BATTERSEA !! It is clear, therefore, from the evidence of these gentlemen, that they conscientiously believe the public will derive no advantage by the proposed new supply from Thames Ditton. The Battersea ;;Cer appears to be as good as the Thames Ditton, and the latter is as good as the former—ergo, the Ditton must be as bad as the Bat- LONDON, WEDNESDAY DECEMBER 10, tersea, both possessing sulphates and other itnpuri- value of the soda consumed in London for the pur ties. According to the evidence before the House, the all mixing latter, the Battersea water, is impregnated with the mixing with water amounts to 30,0001. annu f The washerwoman is a more important mem contents of 130 public common sewers, and with all sorts b a er y• economy, li th of decomposed animal and vegetable substances. If, dint° soviet ash than the wealthy cotton spinner. A therefore, the Thames Dittun water be as good ass ma may be bought for 41., and, with will last for three years; and supposing this, the Battersea water, what a delicious beverage !that re e e a shirts are washed per week, at a cost is preparing for the unsuspecting but too confiding 'of four customers. We would advise them to look at our ' interest p ce for each shirt, the washerwoman's in the twelve Is' • engravings. s irts will at the end of three years, have amounted After giving analyses of the Thames water, the spinner has been l to nearly 81., while that of the commissioners proceed to add that the waters were all persons living L On y 41. It may be estimated that sensibly tinged of a yellow or ochry tint, due chiefly 6001. a in ondon with moderate incomes, say year, spend one-twelfth of it, or about 501., in to suspended clay. washing. Supposing that Thus much as to the su ppl y f rom t h e existing cone- vidual a mounts on th the washing of each indi patsies on the Su rre y s id e , and so we dismiss it, trust- whole cost of washing, e aaverage to Is. p er wee k, the ing that th e L eg i s l ature w i l l stop the Lambeth and London, will amounto 4 s 2 p o a_id by the inh a bita n ts of Southwark worthi es f rom cont i nu i ng their abomina- prices of washing in the couseoool. per annum. The not exceed one-h a lf of tions, wheth er o bt a i ne d f rom Vauxhall, Battersea, or employed, d o n ntry, where so f t water i s h Thames Ditton. London; so that it appears an t ose paid in We shall now proceed to consider what it is that millions sterling is • annual outlay of two occasioned to the we do want—we want a constant and abundant sup- the hardness of the London wate metropolis by ply, at high prnsure, of a pure and wholesome water, at the large scale, as in the process ofr• In washin g on a low rate ofcharge. This short sentence, of four es- you must make the whole of the Wwatsehing clothes, sentials, comprehends as regards water all that we re- either by means of soap or by sod a r_ detergent, 11 - The labour quire. We want "a constant and abundant supply" also of washing in hard • water is much greater of water instead of an intermittent and insufficient one, wear and tear of clothes is also excessive whe • h The as at present, because by such a supply the water is water is used. It has been estimated that when a th rd delivered purer and fresher, of a lower temperature in article of ladies' collars alone a destruction to e the summer, and less subject to frost in winter; and amount of 20,0001. takes place II annum y from the because the system admitting of greater economy, is employment of hard water. better applicable for baths, street cleaning, large So much for hard water and its disagreeables. consumers, for the flushing of drains and sewers, for With regard to the proposed new supply, it appears the extinction of fires, and for many other pur- that the Wandle can yield a minimum quantity of poses. We want the supply "at high pressure," be- upwards of twenty-seven millions of gallons daily, and cause constant service is incident to it. This metro- a maximum of forty-four millions, while the present polis is exposed to the danger of extensive supply of Thames water is not more than nine conflagration, and if a hurricane of wind millions. should arise at , the time of any large ware- We have seen that the quality of the water is of the house fire, in a direction to drive the flames best; and the quantity ample; therefore the wishes of across the street from house to house, the havoc the public are in every respect to be gratified with might be as great as any that has been witnessed in what they desire, and at a cheap rate. 7 modern times. If the supply be at high pressure, one of the many advantages would be to have water on night and day, at all times, in all mains, and all services; and fire-plugs could be placed, of three inches diameter in the clear, at certain intervals in all the mains and pipeage. A hose could then in a minute or two be screwed on and introduced inside the build ing where the fire actually was • the jet of water would be continuous—it would be larger and much stronger than could be procured by an engine, and the fire would soon be got under. This has been tried in Philadelphia and other places, and two-thirds of the fires have been arrested with trifling damage. We want "pure and wholesome water." By this we do not mean the tasteless distilled or rain water, but the water most fitted for our drink and domestic use, such as that which is free from organic or putrescible matter, and free from constant discolouration, and that which is perfectly bright and clear, soft and cool. Such is the water we desire to see introduced into this metropolis. We come now to the last division of our sentence —" at a low rate of charge." • We want all the foregoing ad vantages at the cheapest possible rate. On this head we are confidently assured that whatever changes in the system the Legislature may adopt this point will form a prominent feature, and so we may with satis faction dismiss the matter, and feel convinced that, I although great profits must and will arise to the shareholder, yet we shall not hear of any now-to-be formed-water company having their shares increased in value to such an enormous extent as those of the New River Company, whose original 1001. shares are now actually worth many thousands of pounds. We are told that the advantages to which we have referred and many more can be obtained by the appli cation of the Wandle water as the source of supply. We have a prospectus before us of a new company now being formed. It has been before Parliament, and their Bill has been read a second time, and stands referred to a Committee, at which stage it is to be proceeded with in the ensuing session. Their proposed supply is from a new source of water to the south district. We refer to " The Wandle Water and Sewerage Com pany," and as the title implies, the source of supply is the River Wandle. Although we see connected with this undertaking such names as GURNEY, SOSIES, STONE, MILDRED, GOWAN, and others, all in the mercantile world deemed in regard to wealth, integrity, and social position, the very elite of the City ; and although we know full well they would not in any character lend their names to an undertaking such as this if they did not conscientiously believe that it had great and commanding merit, yet we must be par doned in saying that, great and high-sounding, and justly appreciated as their names must be, we should not have intruded the subject. matter of this com pany as the means of doing a great and important good to our suffering fellow-creatures, if we had not for our justification far greater names, in a practical and scientific point of view, than theirs. Our attention was drawn to the subject of the Wandle on hearing on the 26th ult. the admirable and indeqendent lec ture on the water supply delivered at the Museum of Practical Geology, by Dr. Lycn Playfair, the justly celebrated chemist attached to that museum in the department of her Majesty's Woods and Forests. Dr. Playfair, speaking of the operation which water had on lead ; and to illustrate the presence of lead in water, stated that he bad prepared several bottles of different waters, into which a piece of lead had been immersed, and these bottles had remained sealed up since January last. In those waters which had acted on the immersed lead, his detective experiments rendered the presence of lead very appa rent. One of the sealed bottles contained the Wandle water, and after commenting on its well-known quality for brightness and very remarkable softness, clearly showed to all present that it did not act on lead, thus proving by irresistible evidence that the as sertion that soft water acted injuriously on lead was THE LATE SIB JOHN GLADSTONE, BART.—This an entire fallacy. distinguished Baronet, whose demise we briefly recorded yes- Dr. Playfair's experiments. are corroborated and terday, was, throughout his public life, a staunch Protec supported by the most eminent:chemist of the day. tionist. His life, in point of merbcrtielceeasskeildl wasand enterprise,the eldest We have neither directly nor indirectly any in- was pe f rl b s om u a nfreZe is n t t o e n d es, T Esq. d of Leith, by Helen, terest in the Wandle Company, but having a great d o a n ugl , i ) ter of Walte: Neilson, Esq., of'Springfield. In 1835 he interest in the health and comfort of a large dis- obtained a royal licence to drop the final "s" in his name, trict comprehending half a million of souls, we have and take the name of Gladstone. He li t h a e w l a a a te e gr a l l ob l e b rt ar l ' t e e t l been led from our zeal to do good to extend our corn- shortly before c h e efo in re lB t 4 h 6 e . rel t ir i e s men proper to add that the venerable ment on this subject far beyond the length we had con- 1 gentleman accepted the office solely on the condition that he templated ; but having gone thus far, we shall proceed should not be considered, in doing so, to recognize the pro to show how it is that the Wandle has not been resorted priety of Sir Robert Peel's free-trade policy. Joseph Siri Hall, l oh E n s mar tof ere this, recollecting that it was one of the sources reed, first, inle77l, married,Jaie d a secondly,hte rc, in 18, Anne Esq., of of supply looked to so far back as 1834. In that year Liverpool of I Andrew Robertson, Esq ,Provost of Dingwall, the late Mr. Telford, the well-known engineer, was daughter county Ross ; and by her, who died in 1835, he has had issue employed by the then Lords of the Treasury to make a four sons and one daughter. lie is succeeded in the title by survey round the metropolis for the purpose of ascer- his eldest son, Thomas, born in 1804, formerly M.P. for Ips taining the means of introducing a supply of pure wich.- Post. water. He reported to their Lordships that the river A LARMING FlRE.—This morning, shortly before Wandle afforded an ample source of supply—that it four o'clock, a fire, which at one time thethreatened a greatdbe was reckoned ra th er b e tt er th an the Verulam ( w hi c h t t.r A re cti y o c n k ofuo rn property, dealer inate broke w o r u p t ro in of goods, u house sit occupied ate atN o. y was an exc ee di ng l y pure wa t er ), and wa s i n d ee d ex- 111 ceedingly fi ne . H e ma d e use of these expr ess i ons: — 129, Strand. The fire was first discovered by a poli ceman , on duty, who, seeing an immense body o f fl ame i n th e s h op, " h is very fine"—" the best of any"—" extremely gave the alarm, and sent off for the engines and fire-escapes. good." It was, h e s aid, , 4 perfectly transparent water,' Before the arrival of the engines the flames had almost and was uniformly so; and even after a flood, in a few '. reached eb of b a action o th esec t on e d rfloor,fire w b a u s t co o owing (lot to the goodl ower supply part of f of water tb e hours it became perfectly pure again. Th ere was , he said, "no necessity for filtration for the wa t ers of house. The inmates, we are g l a d t o l earn, all made their either th e W an dle or Verulam." Dr. B os t oc k was escape from the upper p ar t o f the premises, passing along the roof to the house adjoining. The whole of the stock in trade at this time employed to analyze the Wandle water, was burn out, and the lower part of the house damaged by and he in every respect confirmed the opinion of Mr. fire and water. Mr. Jones, the dentist , lof w i h s o st o o ccup i i n ed tra tig Telford, and added, that he was very much surprised first bein floor,deat destroyed. , a e !l o a e sufferer, ilo us e t Ilse insured,w ho but as to the stock to find that the water of the Wandle, NEAR WANDS- in trade we could 3 not obtain any definite information. WORTH, was chemically purer than any other part of the river. The repairs of the Bentinck steamer, belonging to the Oriental Steam Company, cost 35,0001.1 They have Now, the reason of this water not havin g been re- contracted for a steamer of upwards of 3,000 tons, and with sorted to ere new, is to be accounted for by the fact engines, by Penn, of 1,200-hr Tsepho.was theei. She heis to be power that hitherto no plan was suggested for it s application byMare t intoand C0.,8 steamer, he I al a ctk w Cunard boats being largest only about pw without the destruction of the mill-p ower , w hi c h Bhorse a everso Pu power; but perhaps they estimate engine-power would alone have required many hundred s o f thou- differently on the Clyde and on the North British sands of pounds to have purchased. Daily Mail. The proposed plan of the Wandle Company, which THE CONVICT SMITH.—The life of this wretched has met with the approbation of all the public man, who was convicted at the last sessions of the Central bodtes interested in the matter, is to take the water Criminal Court, of th Ld m e iirderof an t i w nf as ant a c e h b i t l e d b o c f eii a woman near near Wandsworth, at or near the spot p o i n t e d ou t b y with whom T. hanged, a will, l it e a c p o p h e a ars, be and saved. w At a late hour last even from the late Dr. Bostock, and to reli eve th e Ri ver , ing a communication, addressed to the sheriffs, wa s rece i ve d from its sourceto this spot, of a ll p oss ibl e i mpur i t i es , by a caT ewga t e from Sir George Grey, announcing the fact that, the interposition of intercepting sewers or drains, by after a full consideration of all the circumstances laid before which means the mill-power is not interfered with, him by the Sheriffs, he bad felt it to be his duty to recommend Majesty that the life of the conv i c t s h ou ld b e but, on the contrary, impr ove d. M any o f th e large to her be spared, • sentence should commuted to transportation mill-owners, feeling the grea t a d van t age it w ill be to and that his them, have petitioned Parliam en t in favour of the for life. Bill. ROYAL SAPPERS MINERS: AND MI — WOOLWICH, DEC. 9.—The second company, under the command of Captain The water is to be raised to Wimbledon-common, at a hei Freetb, Royal Enginee rs , h ave rece i ved marching orders, ht of 160 feet above Trinity high watermark. the baggage left Wool w i c h thi s morntng,under anes an rt a sufficient to distribute the f or Ni ne El ms , t o b e conveyed by railway to Portsmouth., This elevation will be water at a constant and high pressure service The officers , non-commissioned officers, and men of the com throughout the district, and, at the Elephant and pang, will i h'stlmeersa,Vefor Woolwich tomorrow, by one of the Wool- Castle, at an altitude of 110 feet ; but it will Vauxhall pier, en route to Portsmouth. not be distributed until it has passed through a ROBBERIES AT JULLIEN'S CONCERTS.—Yesterday new system of filtration, when, according to the cal- l*t informationon o lce w F as received at the chief office of the Metropo ce, Great Scotland-yare, of the following culation of the Government Commissioners, such r i obberries having or been gen water as the Wandle will, after boiling, have no more Haman while in .lp the M c rn Ori d tted fon Jullien'sthe persona_o f concerts, at than from one and a half to two degrees of hard- , Drury-lane Theatre. On the a 4th inst. inst. agentleman was ness, which must alone be a matter of great econo- robbed of athree-qnaiter plate gold lever watch with steZ t s . mical importance to the rich and the poor, on account hands, maker, Spirtz and Son, No. 1,110. On th l e ad b y t ,s gold of the great saving in the consumption of tea and soap. anothert gentleman was robbed of a doable cased . •vmeteali nopgod, No. M. Soyer bore testimony to the importance of soft ' 2 w o a ,) cli; i j s e h % o elled in two hol A es iso ma o k n er, the _ . 3oi inst , Ironso the water in making tea, the great beverage of the popu- ! per - son of P a sg g a e t n e tl e e t m re a e n t. , a patent lever silver watch, capped lation, stating that from actual experiments he bad and jewelled, maker's name Willi,in Downs. —This vessel ascertained that there would be a saving of at least Loss or THE ROBERT BRADFORD. the South one-third the quantity of tea by the use of soft water was wrecked at Porthdafarch, two milesnin fromi commander, —five cups instead of three would be made, with more ; Stack, near Ifolyhead, yesterday si T o o c r rew g. were drowned, and flavour and strength. There would be equall Captain J. Gloag, and eleven of lot. it is feared that there of go was . y great , the greater portion on board, as Captain Gloag had apprised advantages in regard to the cooking of meatand vege- ! were passengerssoinreatat h passengers had been engaged. She must tables in general, for "the true flavour cannot be the owners extraordinary run, as the last advices from her extracted by hard water." have made an of October, and announced that she was Dr. Lyon Playfair, in his lecture to which we , were dated the end . loading. There is then probability thatshe every have referred, stated that before 100 gallons of London advices from the Cape. ) pipe -water can be made detergent, 30 ounces of soap . FATAL ACCIDENT IN THE LONDON DOCKS..---YeS must be consumed. The average consumption of terday a melancholy and fatal accident took pl ace i n the soap throughout England is 7i lbs. per head of the London Docks, under the following circumstances. It seems population, w h ereas the consumption in London is that two men were engaged on a small s w i ng i ng - stage 151bs, per h ea d . The loss to the inhabitants of the erected at the side of a vessel lying i n th e Old W apping basin, metropolis from thi s cause a l one ; —name l y, t h e ex t ra ' Painting the starboard gunwal es , w h en t h e tackle by some eans y, and te two were itated into the consumption of soap —i s pro b a b ly not l ess than , water. gave wa An instant alarm was men raised, prec and ip the drags were 200,0001. per annum. We try to economise in soap soon brought to the spot. One man was rescued, but the ill 14911(1014 by adding SOU to /often the water. The . other was ttiat9xiunately drowned. WEST OF IRELAND LAND INVEST.. MENT COMPANY. Yesterday a deputation, consisting of Mr. Digby Sey mour, Sir R. O'Conor, the Chevalier Claussen, Mr. John Murray, C.E., Mr. *right, of Sunderland, Mr. J. N. Higgins, Mr. Hannah, Captain Hook, and several other gentlemen, waited upon Mr. Labouchere, at the Board a' Trade, for the purpose of laying before the Govern ment a statement of the views and objects of the pro moters, and of soliciting the grant of a royal charter of incorporation. Mr. D. SEYMORII, having introduced the other gentle men of the deputation, stated that their object was to purchase some very extensive tracts of land in the west of Ireland, which were at present in the market, and which might be purchased at prices little, if anything, higher than that which emigrants were compelled to pay in many of the Transatlantic settlements. The opera tion of the Encumbered Estates Act had already gone far towards removing the legal difficulties which had previ ously existed in the transfer of landed property in Ire land, and it was considered that the introduction of capital and well-directed energy, under the auspices of the proposed company, affording the means of con staid employment to the poor of all ages and both sexes, would ultimately remove the objections which were so generally entertained by English capitalists to make permanent investments in that country. The land which the promoters wished to obtain under the provi sions of a charter was principally situated in the coun ties of Galway, Mayo, and Roscommon; and while they proposed to introduce and to afford every possible en couragement to the introduction of the most approved system of farming, grazing, and other agricultural ope rations, they at the same time were anxious to incorpo rate in their rotation the extended cultivation of flax, sugar, beet -root, chicory, and other crops, which would be found best adapted to the character of the soil and climate. In order to bring these and other crops into a proper condition for the haarket, they proposed to erect suitable sheds and buildings, where the various pro cesses of preparation required might be carried on, thus affording the means of constant and remunerative employment to the labouring classes. The flax would be brought into a state similar to that in which it was imported from foreign countries, and sugar would be extracted from the beet -root, the refuse being appropriated, with those portions of the flax crop not required for use by the manufacturers, to the feeding of cattle. The fact that at present a sum of between eight and nine millions was annually sent out of the country for the purchase of foreign flax, was a circumstance which proved in the most convincing man ner the extent of the exisisting markets, while there was no doubt that the recent improvements in the pre paration of flax by the Chevalier Claussen (who had promised to give them every support in his power) would have the effect of opening up new and extensive markets both in Manchester and the woollen districts of England. The importance of supplying the existing deficiency in the supply of the raw material required for the manufacturers ot this country, and with it the de velopment of the industrial resources of Ireland, had been for several years past seen by the Government, and grants of money had been and were still made to the Belfast Flax Society for the purpose of extending the cultivation of flax in the southern and western parts of the country. The operations of the company would not therefore in terfere in the slightest degree with any existing British interest—the object bring simply to supply a deficiency which had long existed, and which private enterprise and capital had been hitherto found totally inadequate to supply. The same argument, to a great extent, ap plied to the production of sugar from home-grown beet root. Under these circumstances, and considering the present unfavourable state of the country for encourag ing private enterprise and capital, he trusted on behalf ot the promoters that the Government would be disposed so far to give their countenance and support to the un dertaking, as to recommend the Crown to grant them a charter of incorporation. The deputation was very courteously received by the Right Honourable Gentleman, and upon retiring were in formed that he would take an early opportunity of con sulting with his colleagues on the subject, and would inform the deputation of the final result. DON'T ! '' (From Elixa Cook's Journad :'• - "Don't, my love; don't 101 l ab out in Ec , ~ :".. m . that way ! I n ever saw such and a'vvkA';e - • i The child sat erect in boarding-school trini—back straight and hands in her lap,--precise and prim. "Now, Charles, don't ! How you do fill your mouth, and stuff it out in the most vulgar possible way. Don't take such large bites, I beseech you." Charles was more moderate for the next few mouth fuls ; but Jane had by this time relapsed, and reclined in her chair for a rest. " Girl, you are lolling again ! Go out of the room this minute." And Jane vanished in tears, though relieved from the restrrint of the perpetual " Don't." The mother was not done yet. " Don't make such a noise, children ? Can't you sit down quietly, and learn your lessons ? John, you'd never be anything but a dunce, unless you get on." Charles was slinking out of the room to enjoy the liberty of the back-lane, but again the mother's "Don't Charles," called him back. And so the round of useless annoyance went on, till the children, sad and soured, were sent to bed. This is an instance of " governing too much," — imposing prohibitions which are only felt to be such, their temper --a limitation of freedom which makes even little children wince under it as a despotism. These children, though they do not reason, are quick to feel such little grievances. They work into if they do not The " ' t ', hearts .don a n d ~ Don't guidance ; but when soon finds a response in their own , and make them querulous and bitter. y I t All unnecessary interference with children's liberty is a positive evil. . bother me," is what they think Restraintsthere must be, and companied by prohibition shiest every movement yt is ac corrected, and ever • y action criticized—they feel that interference is beio g Pushed beyond reasonable bounds, and they Prohibitions that are im become "stupid," irritated, or positively rebellious. imposed only y ry t i o t le be wo d r i d sre is . disregarding authority. The ; ch b i u l s d sees little faults garded are positive evils. ty induce a habit of p o r n o l y hib b i e tio e n luc r a e t p ed ulsi i o n n. fre el d ,oh and tend only to disorder. reiteration of " don't" you have in melhespirit of a child can each insubordination, the constant afchthe eduwelattohrthise and great faults subject indiscriminateolyanlliyt.etb:e.ndslegn:: to re sam e disregard. condemnation , T h l learns n th is e t to treat power each lost, and in course of time becomes impotent press any real fault. " Don't" teaches nothing : it reduces the child to a machine, which is not the best way of qualifyi ng i t for a recipient of knowledge. " Don't' makes him timid and suspicious, and tired of a self-government which has no certainty and no satisfaction in it. It perplexes his moral sense, and incapacitates hi m doing right of his own accord. It habituat es hi m to from subjection to others' wills, and hinders the growth of self-reliance and the capacity of self-government. "Don't" implies badness : it is an imputation of wrong -doing, else why the prohibition. It is a slur, it is a restraint, and it may be an insult. It means coercion, and all coercion is blighting in its effect. It begets resistance in streng characters, which may ripen into a despotic and overbearing will, the fruit ful cau se o f unhappiness to itself as well as to others. Thus bad tr a i n i ng is pr opagate d—h ars h comman d s issue in h ars h consequences —the voice of coercion The and prohibition i t pr o a l wa d y u s ce sis le nding ooly an tem ee p h o o ra in ry i . ts ,,p sub o j n,t ect ; prohibits the deed, but does not deal with the feeling in which the impulse to it arose. The disposition and state of mind which stimulated to the deed remain the same, and unless the character be improved, it will next time work by stealth and in aecresy. " Don't," threats, and the stick will never humanize a child, no more than theywill a grown man. They may forci bly mould the external into a coarse semblance of order; but can never create that improved internal state out of which alone better deeds can arise. Coe ercion and restraint may make hypocrites, but they can never develope nor educate true character. It is a notorious fact that the most severely restrained chil dren almost invariably grow up the worst and wildest men. "Don't " runs through all our systems of legisla tion. It builds prisons, hires policeman, and freights convict-ships. We do not educate men ; but we punish them. We do not prepare them for self-go vernment, but make laws by which they are governed and punished. Society leaves its children to pick their morality from the gutters ; but when they grow up to be men it draws strict lines around them which they are too blind to see, and then calls out " Don't cross there ; if you do so it is at your peril ! " Society allows about half its members to grow up to man hood unable to read, but nevertheless expects of them the self-command of well-cultured beings. It matters not that they cannot read the laws ; they must obey them. If they listen not to the harsh "Don't " which " Don't " which is cried out to them from all sides, the policeman has at once his hand upon their collar. " Don't " sets man-traps and spring -guns for poachers, and trains gamekeepers and bloodhounds for their apprehension ; it places custom-house officers at our ports, and sets the coast•guard on the look-out for smugglers. "Don't " employs armies of soldiers and policemen, and keeps a host of tax gatherers in its service. " Don't" aims at repression always. It is constantly " putting down?' It is always at work with new projects, not for improving men's character or instructing their minds, but for coercing them by punishment or penalty into obe dience and external conformity to the law. If not "Don't," then it is, " Thou must not," or " Thou shalt not." And if any disobey, it calls forward a policeman, and gives the offender in charge. . "Don't " pervades soci e ty i n a ll ways—it con• stantly standing in the path, turn where you will. It prescribes the boundaries of fashion, and hedges in custom and habit. It is the favourite phrase of Mrs. Grundy. It is even the religion of many. "Don't" laugh—" Don't " believe suoh a thing— " Don't profess so-and-so. You must profess and believe what is set down for you by your betters. But you say you are free, and desire to think freely. Nothing of the kind. There is the law which says " Don't ;" which imposes disabilities because of your thinking differently from those who administer it; and makes you pay for your departure from the ways of thinking and believing which wiser men than you have established. Repression and hindrance there must be vrhere freedom leads to crime and infringments on the well being of others. That must be admitted. But let us be careful, lest by our own arrangements we origi nate the cause of those very crimes and infringe ments. Make men criminals, or place them in cir cumstances where a criminal tendency becomes their normal state, and prohibitory laws avail nothing. They will be broken through like cobwebs, and then you have a cri m i na l c l ass. R e f use education to the poor, or att ac h t o it certa i n con diti ons wh ich are to them irks ome a n d o di o us, and be not surprised if you have an ignorant adult population, who regard your laws, which they cannot read or understand, as so regulations a onesdes forvised the,no intsfloicrion of uchfoprunthisehruet uponpre servation nan yr eg of o them. Measures to make men good e andwro wrong intelli gent t e e 1 n l gent citizens ought righte ous ly t o precede laws of repression and punishment. T o b eg i n with the en forcement of the latte r i s beginning at Itd. Prohibitionsou rsles of justice punishment are re i l v eenvges. indicative of other, and, it may be, greater evils. For, where conduct is as it should be, there is no need to pro hibit or to coerce. Well then, the true course is—to begin by removing the cause of the evil—to deal with the formation of the character and the habits—to make these good in the first place —to aim at a care ful development and culture of the whole nature—in short, to thoroughly we ll educate the individuals, be they rich or be they p oor, of which society cons i s t s . Until this is done, prohibition and punishment must be obnoxious to the imputation of either folly or cruelty—perhaps both. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—You are making a good use of the Arctic Blue book, which the Admiralty h ave seat y ou and others of tne public press. Your articles on this subject have been much noticed, and will materially serve the cause of humanity and justice. It is too true that Captain Penny is sacrificed to profession jealousy, and yet to him alone we owe all that has been or that will be done. Nearly connected myself with the navy, and having friends ou thanks,i()r d the whichmissing i i ships , ot Ab l feel CONSTANT b l o e u s bound a t c o ee p tender RtaEblA youREADER. eEt Ram: y my name may not happen to be known to you. se I am, Sir, you obedient servant, London, Dec. 8, 1851. ---..., H U RRICANE IN THE B AT Or BENGAL. —BY the arrival of the extra Calcutta steamer to Suez and thence to Southampton, we have received intelligence of a terrific and moat disastrous hurricane which swept over the Bay of 'Bengal on the 26th of October. The gale commenced from the south-eastward, and blew in tremendous gusts for 12 hours, extending along the whole of the eoast from Madras to the mouth of the Hooghly. At the latter place several light ships were driven on shore, as also the Precursor steamer, although riding with two heavy anchors. A French and one or two English ships of some size driven from thei r anc h ors, and but little hope was wary enter tained for their safety. 'The coast in that portion of the bay was literally strewed with the wreck of the _ . ships and dead bodies, many of wh om were E uro p ean s. Th e g ale, after lulling for half an hour, veered round with north-west, and continued to blow for se v e ral off Precursor being on a mud bass her rudder. Fier passengers and el they on board the Erin, in From the perfect calm which P doubt that the centre of the cy cloid the bay. A LIVERPOOL —E GERY:=Mr. John Dean. on a charge of . forgery , underwent yesterday mor ni ng 1 the magistrates prive ts the present IttliZes• hours. The (quill force to the with the loss of k was s creff were eventually pat came on to Suez. whichv revailed there can be little passed over the head of rr ADESBIAN COMMITTED FOR FOR who, was remanded on Friday last underwent a second examination before Mr. Mansfield and Mr. Booth, in room, and was committed for trial at ,i 0 0t1 i s 3)5,0009541 366 fit, 1: 0 / bsll