The Sun. — London, England, 1851-02-17 00:00:00

HE EXPRESS EDITION. LIVERPOOL SPRING CUP. 6 to 1 agst Doubt LIVERPOOL STEEPLECHASE. 10 to 1 agst Sir John 10 to 1 agst Abi-el-Bader 10 to 1 agst Maria Day 11 to 1 agst Rat-trap 12 to 1 agst Vain Hope 12 to 1 agst Peter Simple 20 to 1 agst Rescue 25 to 1 abet \Tonic!! CHESTER CUP. 12 to 1 ags! Rhesus 22 to 1 agBt Lady Evelyn 25 t) 1 apt Montague 30 to 1 agst The Black Doctor 50 to 1 sgst Nancy 66 to 1 agst, Eva DERBY. 6 to 1 agst Grecian—taken 6 to 1 agst Prime Minister 12 to 1 agst Mountain Sylph colt 12 to 1 agst Newminst*.q. 25 to 1 agst Constellation 25 to 1 agst Marlborough Buck 30 to 1 agst Storm 50 to 1 agst Theseus 100 to 1 agst Lady Geraldine colt—taken (THIS EVENING.) HOUSE OF LORDS. The Earl of CARLISLE laid on the table certain Orders in Council. The Earl of WINCHILSEA. presented petitions from various p7.rts of Kent against Papal aggression. Earl 110IINTCASHELL presented similar petitions. Earl FITZ WILLIAII presented a petition from a place in Yorkshire, praying fur the repeal of the duty on advertisements End stamps on newspapers. (LEFT SITTING.) HOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER took the Chair a few minutes before Four o'clock. NEW MEMBER. Mr. LAWLEY took the oaths and his seat for Pon tefract. ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH AND AMERICAN COMPANIES. The patitior.s of these coM panies were referred to the Committee of Standing Orden. SHREWSBURY AND BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY. Mr. BROTHERTON made a report that in respect to this company the standing orders bad not been com plied pi,1:11. BATH IMPROVEMENT BILL. The Bill for tho Improvement of the Markets, Waterworks, and Bath Commons, on the motion of Lord DUNCAN was ordered to be read e, second time. SECOND READINGS. . The following Bills were read a second time:— - Angerstein's Branch kailway. .Baggotrath and Sandymount Improvement. Bath Improvement. Markets, Waterworks, and Bath Com. mons or. Freemen's Estate. Cambridge Waterworks. Cheltenham Improvement and Health. Chorley Waterworks. Commercial Docks Improvement. Dundee and Arbroath Railway.- . Durham. Markets. • East Anglian Railways. . Edinburgh, Perth, and Dundee Railway. Edinburgh Royal Asylum for the Insane. Electric Telegraph Company. Farmers' Estate Society (Ireland). ...Great North of Scotland Railway. Great Weitern Railways (Railways to connect the Birming . ham,and Oxford Junction with the London and North- Western Railway at Birmingham, &c.) Hartlepool Freemen's Lands and Harbour Dues. Hartlepool Pier and Port (Construction of New Pier, &c.) .Hayling Bridge and Causeway. Huddersfield and New Hey District Turnpike Road. Imperial Continental Gas Association. Law Property Assurance and Trust Society. Leeds and Thirsk Railway. Llynvy Valley and Duffryn Llynvi and Porthcawl Railways, Manchester Parish Highways. Musselburgh (Arrangement with Creditors of the Burgh). Newington St. Mary Parish. New River Company. 'North British Railway. North Staflordsbire Bu r ton-upon-Trent, &c) ay (Extensions t o D erby and Saint Pancras (Middlesex) Paving. Shrewsbury and Bridgnorth Turnpike Roads. South Wales Railway (No. 1). Stockton, Middlesbrough, Yarm, &c., Waterworks. Stroud and Gloucester Road. Tees River Conservancy. United Kingdom Electric Telegraph Company. Warrington and Altrincham Junction Railway. Waterford, Wexford, Wicklow, and Dublin Railway. Weston-super -Mare Improvement and Market. Whitby Waterworks. Wrexham Improvement. On the motion of Mr. HOLLAND the Hastings Improve ment Bill was ordered to be read a second time to-morrow. The second reading of the London (City) Sewers Bill was, on the motion of Lord SEYMOUR, adjourned for a week. The North Staffordshire and London and North-Western Railway Companies Bill was withdrawn. On the motion of Mr. SPOONER the Severn Steam Tug Company's Bill was ordered to be read to-morrow. PETITIONS. Sir R. H. INGLIS presented a petition from the Church Missionary Society, stating that the society had expended upwards of 2,000,0001. in promoting the growth of true religion, and that they were now obliged to pay upwards of 7002 a year in legacy duty. The Hort. BARONET also presented a petition from the trustees of the British Museum praying for the aunua grant. Lord DUNCAN presented several petitions for the aboiition of the window duties. • Colonel SIETHORP presented petitions from several place; praying for the imposition of duties on foreign imports, and also praying fur the remission of imposts on egricultaral duties. Mr. COWAN and Colonel SIBTHORP also presented several petitions for the remission of the paper duty. Mr. MoonT and Colonel SIBTHORP presented several petitions, both from Scotland and England, against the aggressions of the Pop e , nod praying that some preven tive moaures might he taken by the House. Sir JOSHUA WALMSLEY presented a petition from Wolverhampton praying for the repeal of the paper duties, and a petition from B o l ton in favour of secular education. Cauu in S g T f U or A t ß he T re pr aea set of n the a petition f rom Lord den-DUDLtownpEraYy Peal window -tax. Lord DUNCAN presented a petition to the same effect from Bath. mAmerman HUMPLIERY presented a peti t i on fr prAyinz for tho enfranchis ement of °331 Southwark holders. copy.. Mr. REYNOLDS presented a large number of peti tions from papermakers in Ireland, praying for the re peal of the paper duty. Sir DE LACY EVANS presert: d a petition f rom Westuainst.r pravin g for the repeal of the win do w -tax. r-4r. WAKLEY presente d a s i m ihr petition to t h e same effect. Lord BARRY VANE and Mr. ITINDLEr presented simi. lar petitions from places in the pr.: v;necs, Mr. W. BROWN presented a petition from Lanca• shire, praying for the extension of county courts. Mr. W. WILLIAMS presented two petitions from . _ Lambeth, ono prayin g f or the repeal of the window-tax, VEWSPAY the other praying for the re Nal of the paper duties, ...., .derman SIDNEY presented a petition from Staf- Po --- - 1... e /(,\' praying for the enfran c hi sement of copyholds. i.,,,. ; ,., ,, -,;',:. :i \%-_-:-. . . HUME presented several '': 41 - -r: petitions against the also a petition aga i nst the con '!' : E e duties on paper; 1 7;4 H f .-: • ' finance of the income-tax. 2ifi. WYLD presate4 several peuti m , %% w it the 116401 Mix. fjQ ....,_............, 41 a is SUN-OFFICE, EIGHT O'CLOCK. TA.TTERSALL'S-THIS EVENING, Su o'cLocx. PUBLIC WOOL SALES. (THIS EVENING.) The public sales have been progressing with spirit, and prices are considered to rule high©r than at the series towards the close of last year. On Saturday there were 2.367 bales sold, including 869 of Australian, 435 of Port Philip, 305 of Van Dieman's Land, 136 of Cape, 563 of Spanish, Sec. The Australian clean Sheep's Wool brought Is. lid. to Is. llid, the hoggett Is. sd. to 2s. Oid., the greasy Sid. to Is., the Lambs' is. 33d. to Is. 63., and the combing Is. 6f d. to Is. 7d. per lb. The Port Philip scoured sold at is. 63. to 21., and the Lambs at Is. sd. to Is. 83. The ordinary Sheep's is. aid. to Is. Sid., greasy 93. to 10:W., and combing is. 6id. to Is. 71d. The Van Dienian's Land sold at Is. 63. to is. Bd. for super Lambs, Is. 3d. to Is. 4id. for broken, Is. 3id. to Is. Bd. for Lambs, is. 3d. to Is. sd. for skin, Is. 43. to Is. sd. for clean Sheep's, and ls. 6id. to is. Bd. fur scoured. Cspe of Good Hope sold at Is. to ls. sid. for clean Sheep's, and Is. 3id. for Lambs, Spanish at sd. to bid. for greasy, Rio de Janeiro at Is. sd. to Is. 7id., and South Australian at is. 3d. for clean Sheep's and is 7id for scoured, Is. 4d. to is. 4id. f or h an d was h e d , and 9id'. to Nil. for Lambs greasy.l This evening there are two auctions, one of 1,.566 and the other of 1,191 bales, including Australian, Cape, Van Dieman's Land, Spanish, Merino, Odessa, &c., The attendance is rather thinner, and the biddings have not been so brisk for some descriptions. Australian sheen's clean has realised Is. 41d. to Is. 93.; locks, Is. to Is. 3d.; lambs, ls. 41; scoured, Is. 4d. to is. 10d.; hand washed skin, Is. Id. to Is. 6i3. Besides the above part was withdrawn, being chiefly mixed and scoured. Cape sold at Is. to is. 52i. for clean sheep's; Is. id. to 18.4}d. for hand washed, Is. lid. to ls. 6d. for lambs; 73. to Is. 2d. for greasy. Port Philip brought rates more than corresponding to the above, end the sales within the last 10 minutes are assuming a decidedly buoyant appearance, buyers cons patiug more strongly. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat on the Wool sack shortly after Five o'clock. Petitions were presented by Lord Stanley, the Earl of Erne, the Earl of Bandon, and the Earl of Enniskillen, from various parts of the country, against Papal aggres sion. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 17, 1851. _ CEYLON._ _ • Mr. HL ME moved that the report of the Committee on Ceylon, together with th e ' ev id ence ta k en b e f ore i t, should be aid before the House.—Agreed to. IRISH SAVINGS BANKS. Mr. REYNOLDS rose to ask the Chancellor of the Exchequer, if it was his intention, during the present session of Parliament, to propose a vote of money suffi cient to pay the depositors in the late savings bank, Cuffs-street, Dublin,..the repective balances still due to them? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said it was not his intention to propose any such vote. Mr. REYNOLDS then gave notice, that in conse quence of this answer he should take an early opportu nity of moving that the House resolve itself into a Com mittee for the purpose of considering the best means of effecting this object. SALE OF POISONS. In answer to a question from Mr. STAMFORD, Sir G. GREY said it Tv.•s the intention of Govern ment to introduce this session a Bill for regule ting and restricting the zale of ate:enie and other poisons. THE BUDGET. The House then resolved itself into a Committee of Supply; Mr. BERNAL in the Chair. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER then rose to make his Financial Statement. He said—Mr. Bernal, often as I have on similar occasions Ex perienced the kindness of this House, I feel that I never stood more in need of that kindness than I do upon the present occasion, for my Hon. Friend the Member for Montrose has, in addition to the ordinary duties imposed upon a Chancellor of the Exchequer in making his financial statement, called upon me to enter into some accounts of the inci dents of taxation for the year. I cannot sufficiently describe the importance of the proposal which I am about to submit to the House, and the more than usual difficul ties with which I am surrounded upon the present occa sion. When the income-tax was renewed is the year 1845, the country was in a state of prosperity which seemed to justify that renewal. In 1848 matters were very different, and it is upon the statement of that year that I have to submit the proposal to the House and to take its sense. The proposal which was then submitted was that the income-tax should not, if renewed, be extended. to Ireland.—(Hear.) My object is, I may say to some ex tent altogether different.—(Hear.) In saying this I must also observe that the matter with which we have to deal is more a matter of anticipation than of retro spect, and the matter which I have now to bring under consideration is not that which respects the past, but the future, and the completion of the report which I have to submit to the House bears, therefore, in that respect, upon the question. It is true that the matters with which I have to trouble the House bear upon four months of the last year, but they in no respect affect the general question. The question which the House will be called upon to affirm, just amounts, in principle to this. As might be expected, the receipts from the corn-duties had largely fallen off. During the six months of the present financial year those duties have only been 4i per cent. of the duties obtained in the following year, and therefore the estimates to be made up to the sth' of April. Oa that account will fall equally short. ' The intimation which I gave to the House during the last session was that the probable income of the country, Sip to April 5 ef the present year, would be 52,585,000. rt was in reality 52,810,0001., and we have reason to expect that during the ensuing year it will be 5 2 ,656,0004 On the excise, there was an-increase of 14,055/. on the quarter, and upon the year of 688,0001. I may therefore fairly esti mate the expenditure for the future at 50,785,00.04 and hope to make a saving on general estimates of 978,9851., and oa the naval 'expenditure of 776,000/. I consequently see my •way to an income of 50,154,9004 notwithstanding the remission of taxes on bricks and other commodities, and may therefore cal culate, I think safely, on. a surplus of 2,521,000/. on the sth of April. The customs, I calculate, will produce 2,400,000/. There will be a further decrease this year, owing to the passing of the Act last session,which did not come into full operation till the 10th of October, and parties, no doubt, received their purchases till that period.—(Rear, hear.) . The probable extent of loss of the full year was estimated at about 500,000/., and the experience of the year fully justified the estimate. —(Hear, hear.) In the two quarters ending in Ja nuary, the amount of the stamp duties was 245,0001. less than the corresponding period of former years, and ss far as the present quarter is concerned, I believe there will be an equal falling off making 250,0001. for the half-year, and 500,0001. for the entire year.—(Hear, hear.) Allowing for this reduction, I take the estimate for the yield of the stamp duties at 6 , 3 10,000/.—(llear.) The taxes and the property-tax I take at the same amount as last year, aamely taxes, 4,348,000/., property-tax, 5,880,0004 In the Post-office) there will be 10,000/ more this year, namely, 830,0001. The Crown lands stand upon the same footing as last year, though I think there will be some slight redaction of expenditure. The Crown lands then will yield 160,0001.; the , navy receipts will be 262,000/. ; old stores are rather higher than lass year, namely, 480,000/. These items put to gether will make the gross income of the whole year 5 2,000,0004—(Cheers.) Sir, I now come to the charges, and here it will probably afford the House some satisfaction, if I state that there will be a decrease in the charge for debt, arising out of a very large purchase of terminable annuities that has already been effected.—(Hear, hear.) There will also be some reduction in the charge of the consolidated fund. The charge on the funded debt, including annuities, will be 27,683,0004 and the charge for interest on Exchequer -bills 404,0604 making together 28,092,0001.—(:fear, hear.) The charge on the consolidated fund wilithe 2,600,000/., making the gross charge on the funded debt and consolidated fund, taken together, 30,692,0004—( Hear.) The charge for the army, including the commissariat department, I take at 6,593,9451; for the navy, at. 6,537,0551.; and for the ordnance, at 2,424,1714—(Hear, bear.) There is here some reduction of expenditure, bat there will be no reduction of price.—(Hear, ',liar.) The Government feel that in the prceerfe unsettled state of matters on the coutincnt ef Europii, 'it would be incon sistent with the best interests of the country to reduce tha amount of the existing fofees.—(Cheers.) I am aware that the whole world appears to be in a compara tive state of peace, bat it must nevertheless be remembered that only 'a few years have elapsed since we saw some millions of men under arms in the very centre of Europe.—(Hear, hear.) lam free to confess that of lens years nothing has occurred to disturb the peace of this tonally, and I have certainly never been alarmed en that account at the circumstances that wets pasting around us, but there. is the widest difference between unneces sary alarm and an absurd economy.—(Hear, hear.) Those who are best acquainted with these matters know that a great many of cur arsenals are 'net quite in an effi cient state of defence, and therefore any reduction of our forces would involve a responsibilitylwhich we are not prepared to encounter.—(Hear, hear.) For my part my conviction is this, however strong, or however just and general the feeling for economy and a reduction of expenditure may be in this House, it will still be the duty of the British Le gislators never to leave their country in an unprotected condition.—(Cheers.) Sir, last year, after certain reduc tions had been made, the estimate f or b ot h services was 20,012,0001. It will probably tbia year be 1 9,555,000/. Therefore, deducting the vote taken last year for naval excess, and the absolute reduction in the expenditure of this year under the three heads of naval and military services, there will be 246,0004 or nearly a quarter of. a million, and the reduction would have been more but for two causes, some of which were of a permanent and others of a temporary nature. Hon. Gentlemen will remember that the First Lord of the Admiralty announced last year that it was thought advisable, !Cr the improvement of the condition of the sailor, that the allowance of grog should be stopped and money compensation given. It was found, also, that the provision allowed to the navy was not so great as in other branches of the naval service, and it was thought desirable to improve the condition of the sailor in those respects. Gentleman who sat on the Committee on army estimates will also remember that a question was raised as to the rations allowed to the soldier on service abroad, and that alterations were recommended. The additional charge which arises in this respect is 60,000/. These two items, then, have occasioned an increased expenditure of 140,0004 There are acme small additional charges, which are only of a temporary nature, arising from annuities, from the fact that this year includes one day's more pay, and also from annuities chargeable on certain lands belonging to the Ordnance in Ireland. The Miscellaneous Estimates voted last year amounted to 4,650,000/. Of course it is impossible for me to say what the amount of the Miscel laneous Estimates will be this year. There will be this year, also, charges of a temporary nature which I propose to take from these estimates which they have hat the not borne in f ormer years. I propose tpense of taking te census, which in former years was borne by the loca h l rates, should be included in the estimates, that being an object of public interest which it is quite fair and reasonable should be paid out of the public Exchequer.—(Hear.) I believe the expense °saTterthateinOns which may be in round numbers, lweailvl in b g e I r l o o o ,o ol ool. for l a p n r y op made in the course of the year, to take the mis cellaneous estimates at 4,000,0004 for the year. I estimate the probable expenditure then at 50,247,171/ a and taking the income to be as I have already stated there will be an estimated surplus of I,B92,oooL—(Hear, bear.) The first point which I will bring to the consideration of the Committee is to show how these estimates bear on the main question c which I have to submit to it, vie., th e renewal of the income-tax.—(Hear.) The amount of the incorno-tax may be taken in round numbers at 5,400,000/. If the Committee refuse the veto which I am about to submit to them, there will he a falling off' in the revenue of 5 500,0004 that sum including 100,0004 the amount of the reduction under the Stamp Act of last se s si on . N ow, deducting that from the probable amount of surplus revenue, which I have stated at 1 , 8 90,0004, there wilt be a deficiency to the extent of 3,610,000/. In the ensuing year it would not be quite 80 much, because halt of the income , for the ensuingis - year yet receivable, viz., 2,700,0004 therefore, in the ensuing year, the deficiency would amount to 910,0001.; but in the subse quent year, and every year tqereafter, supposing there be no improvement i n the revenue, and no reductions made, the excess of expenditure over revenue would be w h at I have stated in round numbers 3,600,000/. When Sir Robert Peel proposed the renewal of the income-tax in 1842, the House would remember he proposed it on the assumption that there would be a deficit for the year ef 2,100,0001. Now if as: was 4 sufficient ground for reimpogizg is in 1842, surely the fact he had stated would be con sidered more so as regarded the present year. In that year I opposed the imposition cf the income tax, for I thought then, as I think now, that the grounds upon which it was asked were not sufficient. But I stated at the same time, that if it were to be applied to reducing the duties upon timber, Con, and sugar, then I should have been prepared to support it. I will say, however, that the use which Sir It. Peel made of the income tax when he got it, fully satisfied him in asking for it. In the years 1845,1848, I supported the renewal of it, and now entertain the same opinion as I did then, and wishing to carry out that course of commercial policy, and from which the country has benefited so mach, I again propose the renewal of it for a limited period. The duties on timber, corn, and sugar have been reduced, to the great benefit of all the consumers in this country, the opinion which I have always entertained fully justifies me in proposing their reimposition. If the House, however, is not prepared to adopt this course let me suggest to them what must be the consequence; there must either be a deficiency in the revenue or there must be a reduction in the expenditure to that amount; and I do not believe that any person who has looked into these matters can entertain the opinion that out of an ex penditure of fifteen minions it is possible to expect a reduction of 3i millions. If this be not so, it will be necessary to impose new taxes to that amount, and I ask. if the present disposition of the country is at all favourable to the imposition of new taxes? With the common concurrence of the House of Commons we have been repealing and reducing taxes which pressed heavily upon the industry or the consuming powers of the country.— (Hear, hear.) I do net believe that it will be possible to re-impose those taxes, but an the contrary I believe that many still remain on the statute book which it would be desirable to reduce, which either in their amount or in their mode of levy ing are far more objectionable, oppressive, and unjust than this. When those taxes have been reduced or repealed, when duties upon raw materials as well as the duties which press upon manufactures have been taken oft', when the duties on imports and excise have been so reduced that the consumer can no longer be said to be hardly pressed upon, then the question will arise, whether it will b e b et t er to re li eve the consumer still further, or to take off a portion of the burden upon property. But until that is obtained, and we have carried out to the full our new system of commercial policy I hope that neither this nor another House of Commons will ever refuse that tax which has been so benefieial to this couutry. I do not think it will be advisable that I should at present go into the details of my proposal, a further opportunity will be afforded for that. I have remon strances enough against various portions of the income-tax, suggesting the reduction of sche dule A. the abolition of schedule B, the injustice of Schedule D, and I am perfectly ready to admit that exceedingly good arguments may be advanced by various interests against all except Schedule C. But after all I have come to the conclusion that, under all circumstances the fairest and justest mode is that of placing one uniform rate upon all descriptions of income. A question may be raised also upon the mode of levying the 'tax - 'tinder Schedule B, but on a future occasion, I shall be ready to discuss that question as fairly as it can be discussed. But the time will arise for the discussion of these ques tions when the discussion of the income-tax conies pro perly before the House.—(Hear, hear.) I think, therefore, that the same course ought to be adopted in the present year with respect to that tax that was adopted- on former occasions I have only one further observation to make with re spect to the income-tax, and that is—that I propose for the limited time the renewal of the income-tax should take place; that the same exemption should be renewed with respect to Ireland as it had hitherto been.—(Hear, hear, and cries of " No, no.") Because I believe, after the ahock which property had had in that county, that such a course would be the wi !est and best.—(Hear, hear.) Added to that, I think it would be under the circumstances impolitic and cruel not to make that exemp. tion.—(Hear, hear, hear.) I propose of course to renew for the same time the stamp duties in Ireland as heretofore, and I propose to renew the whole for the term of three years. I will also ask the House to come to a decision upon this important subject as early as possible, because it must be obvious that the financial scheme of the year will depend upon the renewal or non-renewal of the income tax.—(Hear, hear.) If the tax is renewed, then I shall go on with the other measxres I dropose; but if it is not, then it will give to those Gentlemen who will fill the office I have now the honour to held, time to consider the propositions they should bring before the House.—(Laughter and cheers.) Now, Sir,— my Honourable Friend, the Member for Montrose, asked me the other day to make a return, or rather, perhaps, a motion, as I understood him, of the different items of our taxation, but my Hon. Friend hardly seemed aware that he had imposed upon me one of the hardest te a ks ever imposed upon the Chancellor of the Exchequer—(Hear, hear, and laughter)—because upon this subject the most learned people differed.—(Loud aid continued laughter.) One party stated that he thought the malt tax was paid by the producer of barley. Now, lam of opinion that the malt duty is paid by the consumers of ale.—(Laughter.) Then, with respect to tobacco, it seems to be thought that the duty upon it was inflicted upon the occupiers of land. Never was there a greater fXllacy; why, the fact was, that the duty was upon the foreign producer. Then, with respect to tithes, a great difference of opinion existed. It must therefore bo clear to my lion. Frisnd that be has called upon me to produce a return to do which the greatest difficulty existed.—(Elear, hear.) I am willing to state my impression on any question I can to the House, and acting iu that spirit I have had prepared a return of the many items of taxation, and am prepared to state what that document is to the House, in order that it may afford Gentle men some.notion of what course .1 should pursue. I have taken the finance account unto January last. I have taken the gross receipt of customs merely taking the amount paid in duty. I have taken the same course with regard to the Excise, making certain omissions. First of all I have taken the ' revenue on articles of food, butter, cheese, oranges, sugar, and many other t}aingt, producing an income of 20,000,000 x:, then I have taken the excise, tobacco, spirits, &c., which produced nearly 11,000 0004, so that it will be perceived that the whole produce de rived from what we eat, drink, and smuke is 31,820,728/. on gloves, books, opium and other articles of similar manufacture, the returns were 246,2481., show an advan tage on that department of 764,000/. Then he came to the classes, people of property on whom were levied bills of exchanges and the costs for leases, and all the ether charges to which land was liable, nod that he found, including property tax, to amount to 35,100,037/. The trading classes have their own peculiar burthens—there are bills of exchange, promissory notes, insurances, and all the various charges to which a trading community is liable. These I find have produced about 4,650,000/. Then, I think that railways' ought to bear their fitting proportion;—the ways and means by them bring in 648,000/, making a total income from similar sources of 1 ,481,000/.—(ilear, hear.) The whole amount of public income derived from the trading and tended classes is consequently about 12 ; 459,000/ e and from parochial rates something more than 13,000,0001. Now with the 13,000,000/. derived from parochial rates I have 'nothing to do. The amount, then, with which I am justified in dealing is 45,415,000/., so that, in fact, if I were only to take the surplus, and allow the income tax to die out, there would be a deficiency instead of a surplus, and the only sum with which I could deal would be 850,0001. 'don. Gentlemen would remember the different circum stances that prevailed in 1845 and 1846. If the difficulty was great in 1848, how greatly was it increased in 18.9, If such was the case the greater reason prevails now, and I am, I conceive, perfectly justified at the present time in adopting the expedient of 1845. Having thus stated the general position of our taxation, I,should wish to say %few words on a proposal which Ime was brought forward elsewhere, namely, that there should be an equal or a new division of taxation. Now I think, in the present state of the House, such a result as this would be difficult to arrive at, because I appre hend my Hon. Friends behind me are anxious to remove duties from articles of consumption and the materials of raw manufactures, and re-impose them directly upon the the accumulated property of the couutry—(Hear)— while Honourable Gentlemen opposite, judging from from what they say, will be equally anxious to remove taxes from property, and improve them in some other shape.—(Hear, hear, hear.) I do not think therefore that any large scheme of this sort would meet with the general favour of the House.—(Hear, hear.) An Hon. Friend of mine has also observed elsewhere, that the surplus we have in hand results from an increase in our taxation.—(Hear, hear.) Now, Sir, I do not think this is the case—(Hear, bear)—but this Hon. Gentleman followed up his remark with a proposal that there should be a general change in our mode of levying the taxes.—(Hear, hear.) It may be said, however, of finance as of politics, that sudden revolutions are inju rious, though in 1842 I agreed to a change in our fiscal system, but the policy which was than commenced I believe is now firmly establiahed, and instead of reversing it we ought to pursue it year by year, until those principles propounded in 1842 are fully developed.—(Hear.) That was the course Government had followed ever since it had come into office, and I believe it is the course best calculated to improve the interests of the country.—(Hear, hear.) Now, Sir, having at the request of my Hon. Friend behind me endeavoured to explain the whole tenure of our taxation, and I hope not to the dissatisfaction of the House, I will pass on to notice other topics which it is desirable I should bring under notice.—(Hear, hear.) I have stated that the probable surplus of our taxation next year will be 1,890 ; 000/. ; and it is necessary that I should here ad vert to a remark which I seo was made elsewhere, to the effect that we have had a lasting surplus without any reduction in the taxes.— (Hear.) Now, Ido not think that is fair, considering what we really have done; for if Hon. Gentlemen will compere tho income of the year 1847 with that of the year 1850, they will find that there h as been a great reduction of taxation in else way or other, while there has been an increase in the revenue of 739,0001., and a reduction in the cost of the army, navy, and ordnacce of the difference between 18,500,000/. in 1847 and 15,391,000/. in 1850.—(Cheers.) Th e reduction of expenditure in the three years, theref ore , has been no le ss than 3,loo,ooo4—(Cheers)— an d think, after that, the House will do us the justice to say that we have not been unmindful of economy, (Cheers.) Now, Sir, I come to the prop osa l I Bhall Make tel Lae House, on the puppositiou, of course, that the income-tax is to be continued. In the year 1845, Sir Robert Peel proposed to renew the income-tax, and stated what he should do if that renewal was granted. I propose to follow his ex ample, and to state to the House what we are prepared to do in the event of the House renewing the income-tax.—(Hear, hear.) Of course it is obvious to everybody that what we propose to do must fall to the ground if the income-tax is not renewed.— (Hear, hear.) Now I think the first claim upon us points to some reduction of our debt.—(Cheers.) I stated last year that since the year 1830 we had bor rowed 35,000,0004 ; we have since then paid off 8,000.0001., and therefore up to this time, in 20 years, we have increased our debt by 27,000,000/, and I do not think we ought to stop short now in endeavouring to reduce that sum.—(Hear, hear) I am one of those who think we ought to mike great efforts for the re duction of our debt. I do think that year by year, as we maintain a reasonable surplus, we ought at the same time to make some reduction, however slight, in the debt.—(Hear, bear.) Now, I am happy to Fay that in the course of the last year we have paid off the amount we borrowed two years ago.—(Hear, hear.) The House will remember that in the year 1848, ee borrowed 2,000,000/., and on the sth of January; last we had not only paid off that sum, but the interest too, making together 2 330,000/. The House will admit that it would be essential to main tain a certain portion o! the surplus in order to reduce the amount of taxation.: I am not disposed:to put that portion very high. I sta'ed some years ago, when I sat on the other side of the House, and I have not sincc changed my opinions, that I Thought in round numbers one fiftieth part of this income should be held back to pay off the national debt. Now, with regard to the surplus available for the redu3tion of taxation I have had a great number of applicants. I believe within the last month I have received deputations on the subject of every description of taxes, all stating that the particular taxes which they paid were the most partial, iniquitous, and unjust. Some Hai. Gentlemen in this House came with more than one deputation, and yet made the very same statement on different taxes, any one of which, if repealed, would have absorbed more than the whole surplus.—(Hear, and laughter.) Among these various taxes I had to thcide which, on the whole, if repealed, would benefit the country. It is quite obvious that it would be perfectly impossible for me to reduce taxatiot to anything like the amount stated; but I hope larties will give me credit that I am desirous at he earliest possible opportu nity to remove the different inequalities of the particular taxes of which they complained. I fully admit there were many claimants whom I should have been glad to meet if I had had a larger surplus. Their claims are postponed till a more favourable op portunity, but they mist recollect some taxes must come off before others, and I hope they will think I am proceeding in the direction they wish, and I only trust that the revenue in future years will so increase as to enable the House to go further in the course of reduction. I must say, of all the claims which have been put in, that which bears on the well-doing, the health, and the morals of the lower classes ought first to demand our consideration. I mean, at any rate, such an alteration of the window duties as is calculated to that end. Now, when I state the amount of the window-tax is 1,856,000/. a year, it must 'ae obvious that an un conditional repeal of the window-tax would ab solve the whole surplus which we have in our possession; and I must confess, objectionable as any Gentleman may think the tax, it would be most unjust to the classes who pay other taxes, if the whale surplus was used for such a reduction ; and I will only observe that those objections to the tax in a sanitary point of view might be alto gether removed without a remission of any part of the tax. I, however, don't propose so to deal with the tax, because I do intend to give great relief in respect to it, and lam the me re incliaed to do so, because I believe it presses more hardly On houses in the country than in the town—(Laughter) --and I am not unwilling to that extent to meet the wishes of the Hon. Gentleman op posite.—(Laughter from the Protectionist benches ) The Hon. Member for Dorset (Mr. Bankes), who is one of the most eloquent supporters of the reduction of the window-tax, and he might fairly be taken as a good exponent of the opinions of country gentlemen on this matter, and therefore I hope it will be considered I am meeting their views on one of their most impor tant grievances. (Hear, bear, and laughter.) The question is one not of putting on a new tax, but of retaining one to which the people are well accustomed— (Laughter)—and to which the various interests concerned have accoaftnodated themselves. Be it observed too,' that the property upon which this tax is levied, has been relieved during the last few years to a considerable extent. from house property there has been: taken off the while of the inhabited house duty, as well as a great portion of the brick and glass duties. I think, therefore, that independently of other consideratiems, in this respect the property which would be benefited is not ene which has the greatest claim to relief. Any gentlemar, I think, who will take a circuit in the suburbs of this great metropolis of a few miles, and see the immense number of new houses springing up on every side, will Fay , that this kind of p ro p erty does not look as if it were particularly in want of relief. But I must admit, at the same time, with a view to sanatory considerations, that tae mode of levying the tax is most objectionable, as it in duces persona to shut up window after window, and confine themselves in an atmosphere most prejudicial to health. The tax as strictly levied is levied upon every open ing, and I hear from those gentlemen who have vieited the dwellings of the poor, that nothing contributes more to engendering epidemic diseases in large towns than the deprivation of air and light to which the window-tax contributes in some degree; and I think that now we have given to the labouring classes increased labour and means of subsistence we must now improve their lodgings and morals. I propose to alter altogether the mode of levying the assessment, and substitute in its place a tax according to the value of the house, to be applied in the first iustance to all new houses. lam aware that during the con'inua nce o f t h e o ld h ouse - tax many objections were made to the mode ce carrying it and more particularly to the system of taking the test of value from the amount of rent paid. It was said that small houses in town were then often forced to pay more than large tines in the country. On the whole, however, I am indlined to think that these objections, however specious, are entirely without foundation. A large house is not always the test of wealth; but on the contrery, and a man of wealth will always be able to pay a heavy rent fur a house,, so that aft er a ll th e fairest test is the amount of rent paid. Other modes of levying the tax, have been suggested. I have been urged to levy it not according to the num ber of windows, but according to the cubical contents of the house or the area of the openings in it. But I think that this moth; would be liable to the same sanitary ejection, and would equally prevent us fie in en suring to the poorer classes large mai airy dwellings. I propose, then, to adopt the amount of rent paid as the value of the house, taking this as a rule with regard to al new house; but I shall feel it absolutely necessary to make some considerable modifications in applying it to existing houses. I have benefitted by the lesson whichl I acquired last year in atternp:ing to remedy some of the anomalies in the stamp duties, and however I may desire to remove all anomalies in this tax, I cannot afford to do so fully, without sacrificing an amount of revenue, which I cannot afford to do at present. I propose, therefore, to modify the tax as it at present exists. It is impossible to do more without making very great changes, and which I must confess I am not prepared to do. The present tax was levied upon the number of windows, and it has been proposed that the tax should be made upon value, which would be most difficult, be cause according to the situation of the houses the value would change.—(Hear, hear.) I think, there fore, it would be unwise to adopt such a course as that. The proposal I make will be this. I shall propose that upon all new houses of the annual value of 201. a-year and upwards, that the house-tax should be cal culated at a certain rate, and that all houses now paying window-tax, but of a value not amounting to 20/. a year shall be exempt altogether. —(Hear, hear.) That all houses paying the window tax, if their yearly value amounts to upwards of twenty pounds a year, shall pay to the house-tax, :two-thirds of what they now pay to the window-tax.—(Laugher.) Of course, the Honourable Member will understand that houses under twenty pounds, whatever number of windows they may have, will pay no duty.—(Hear, hear.) Now, the old rate of the house-tax was as follow:—Upon houses be tween 101. and 201. a year, ls. 2d.; upon houses between 201. and 401., 2s. 3d. ; and upon houses of 401. a year and upwards 2s. 10d. Nuw I have calculated as near as I can what will be the amount equivalent to two-thirds of the win. dow-tax, and I have calculated that it will be met by houses above 20/. a year payingls, in the pound, so that the classes of houses I first noticed as paying Is.3d. will have to pay nothing and the last 18.6 d. There are certain houses that have advantages, I allude to dwelling houses where shops ore attached. l l ,propose such instead of paying ls. shall pay 9d., and I propose to give the same indulgence to beer houses and farm houses occupied by tenants.—(Hear, hear.' The re sult of this, I believe, will be to exempt altogether from taxation upwards of 20,000 houses that now contribute to the window -tax—(hear, hear.)—and to exempt the great majority of farm - houses, the result of all which will be a loss to the revenue of 700,000/. It is especially desirable that the number of those houses should be specified, and I find that the whole number of the farm-houses which will be relieved from the duty is about 120,000, or to speak in round numbers about one. third of those which aro taxed at the present time.—(Hear, hear.) The imposition of this duty would, therefore, affect no interest but that which was well able to boar it, and would materialld aiy in furthering the benefit which it was intended should ac crue to the community through the remission of the win dow-tax.—(Hear.) The next duty to which I propose to draw the attention of the House is that upon coffee. (Hear, hear.) I found that during the last year the duty upon this article has fallen off to the amount of 77,0001., and I believe that the origin of that falling oft is to be ascribed to the admixture of that article with chicory.—(Hear, hear.) I do believe that coffee is largely intermixed with chicory, but I am by no means convinced that the coffee is thereby deteriorated.— (Hear, her.) lamby no means convinced that the in termixture of the two substances of chicory and coffee is either unplesant to the taste or deleterious to the health. —(Hear, hear.) Last week I had the pleasure of receiving a deputation of gentlemen i nterested in the chicory trade, and they assured me that such is th e fact.—(Hear.) But I have another reason for inquiring into this matter. I cannot say that lam insensible to the attacks on my Ministerial capacity; but lam ac cused of having an interest in the growth of chicory,— (Hear, and laughte r . I can a ssure Hon. M e mb ers that, to my knowled ge I never grew a blad e o f c hi cory in my life, or ever encoura ge d the growth on the property which anywhere belongs so me. The only place where I ever saw it growing upon, to my knowledee, was on the waysiee. I must thererore that I shell be excused from an interested mo tive, and at the same time be pardoned for an allusion to himself.—(Loud Cheers ) I do not myself believe that chicory has any evil iefluence upon the aft', ct of coffee. I look upon it rather as as a benefit, inasmuch as its use tenps to reduce the rates cf coffee, nor does it, iu my opinion, in any way tend to reduce thF value of thct wholesome heverage the working classes. Some of the coffee adulterated with chicory was put into my hands by certain patties and I could not in any case see the difference betwi en the adulterated and the real substance. In answer to my inquiries I was told that real coffee could not be re tailed for less than from ls, to Is. 4d. a pound, but that by the admixture of chicory it could be sold at from 101. to Is. 43., arid that the best coffee could not, under wry circumstances, be sold for les then Is. 4d. to Is. Bth Now I have upon former occasions inclined to the opinicn that practical men are the Lest judges of prac tical matter, and Messrs. Barris and Co., with whom I have been in communication plainly expressed a similar opinion. lam not about to fay thet because the admix ture of chicory is not injurious, that I em disieclined to reduce the duty on coffee— (hear)—for I believe that the doing so would be a great benefit to the working claws. I do not think this is quite fair, and I therefore propose to meet it to some ext,nt by reducing the duty on coffee. —(!fear.) I bold in my baud a return of the quantities of foreign coffee introduced for home c msumption in the last five yearn. The tote! quantity of colonial coffee introduced was, in lbs. 1846 ... ... ... 23.794,000 1847 ... ... 27,000,000 1848 ... ... 30,000,000 1849 ... 29 760,000 1850 ... ... 28 ; 892,000 There being in the course of last year an increase of co lonial coffee to the extent of 5,000,000 of lbs.—(Hear.) The case with foreign coffee was far different. The duty of 6d. on foreign coffee compiaed with the duty of 4d. on colonial, gave very different results, the returns being in— lbs. 1846 ... 13 000.000 1847 ... • • ... ... 10,439,000 1848 6,255 000 1849 ... 4,650,000 1150 .•. ... 2.335 000 so that while the importations of colonial coffee bad in creased to the extent of 5,000,009 of lbs., the importa tion of foreign coffee had fallen off upwards cf 10,000,000 of lbs.—(Hear, hear.) Now I do not believe differeutial duty is of much value to the colonial dealer and I propose there fore, with the view of doing justice to the con. sumer, and with the view cf inducing the producer to give to a customer a better article, to reduce the duty upon; both foreign sled colonial settee', as well as to equalize them.—(Cheers.) At present, the duty is 4d. on colonial, and 6d. on foreign, and I propose to reduce the duty upon both to an qual duty of 39. per lb.—(Cheers)—while I also propose to place a uniform duty of 3d. per lb. upon chi cory.—(Hear, hear.) The loss which I estimate will result from this reduction may amount to 176,000/. —(Hear.) The next proposal I have to mske to the House has reference to another article which gave rise to a good deal of discussion last session. I mean foreign timber. (Hear, hear.) The great shipbuilders of the country have been open, I think, to an unfair competition with the foreigner, who builds with untaxed timber; and experience has shown us that the present system of taxation ope rates very seriously against the British builder. for I find that while the number of first-class ships built in this country have increased, those of a second class have decreased, and it was with a view to counter act that effect of the duty that I proposed last year a modification of the draw back system, relating to timber.—(Hear, hear.) I now think the best course we can pursue is entirely to do away with this system of draw back, and at the same time to reduce the duty upon the raw material of foreign timber.— (Hear, bear.) I do not know that many thanks are due to me for what I did last session; but some Hon. Gentlemen opposite concurred with me in the opinion I then propounded, and I have found since that the alteration has been a great benefit to agri culturists who have been necessitated by the improved methods of tillage introduced into agriculture, to erect timber buildings on their land.—(Hear, hear.) I propose, therefore, to follow up that change, and to reduce the duty upon foreign timber to one half th© present duty.—(Hear, hear.) At present the duty, sawn timber is 20:a., and upon hewn timber 15a., and I propose to reduce to a uniform duty of 10s. Some parties might wish that I should go further on this point, but I can only say that even if I were prepared to take off the whole duty, I should not feel disposed to go further at present, because I think there is not yet sufficient competition in the foreign market to bring down the price, and there fore the reduction would go entirely into the pockets of the grower instead of the consumer.—(Hear, hear.) I therefore only propose to resluce the duty one-halt, which I think will be an advance as well to the British ship-builder as to the British egriculturist.—(Hear.) I thick under no circumstances, therefore, ought the reduction of these duties to be more than one-half the present amount. There is one caber item, which I have already int , ntioned,on which I propose to reduce the duty. I allude to the arty oft seeds. In this rest ect the agricultu rist suffers considerable injustice. I believe it to be the only duty which the agriculturi. , t exelusively pap, and which I think he ought not to be required to pay. The amount of duty no doubt is not large, tut it obviously raises that which is the raw material on which the farmer employs his industry. The duty on clover end grass seed alone aniennts to 30,0004 out of the 35 0001. received under this head. I remember hearing from a great limner in the north of Enghsrd, when the former reduc tion c f the duty took place, chat he actually saved in his purchases of clover seed the whole ern out of the inceme tax which he paid. The prey nt duty on foreign seeds is 5s , on colonial seeds 2s. 6 , 1., and I do not believe in point of feet that any colonial seesis are imports d tete the country, and this, thereeire, is one of these de ferential duties which I regret were enforced in 1842. I propose then to get rid of this differential )s b duty h ealto gether, and to reduce the slaty on foreign seeds to one shilling. The amount of los s on that will be re duction or l th h e a , v d e u a t l y rea n dy !tismtehaeerd willt ,i t b t e he 1i286. These the praposals which I intend to make with regard to the e reduction of taxation. Honourable Gentlemen will remember that on more then ores occasion an append has been msde to the Government to place on the consolidated fund a portion of the burdens on land. Now I don't me n to do this to the very large extent whico has been contemplated. My own belief is that, it is impolitic, for reasons I have so constantly given, to remove any of those burdens from realised property, and transfer them to the consumer. or to the industrious artisan., end therefore to impede the means of comfortable existence. lam firmly convinced that it I were anxious to bring about a st,cial revolution in this country, I should above nil things urge a system of centralization in these matters, throwing the responsibility of all local ad ministration on the Government, and imposing on the central Government the duty of me, ting ad these charges. It is quite obvious that parties resident on the spot are better able to check lavish expenditure in regard to local burdens, and have every inducement to keep the expenditure to the lowest point but our recent experience in Ireland hag Ido not propose to go this entire length, because I should be doing away with the superintending functions of a very useful body, the visiting justices, but only to take a portion of the charge, so as not entirely to oust these gentlemen. Hon. Gentlemen aro aware that in many counties large lunatic asylums have bien built al _. a considerable expense. and View.) I think are chargecba( will he, but entitled to far Lucre consideration tha e)bu n leld i h n ,to ose a i s n ce w rt h a i i c n h p n e o r s s u e c h p i r c o h v provision proposehas been to t,ce made. upon thehe .p p o ut it ld i el o c n aifvnu o on f i edteehxdies such as will leave the excense of maintaining a pup!. lunatic to the ordinary level of that of a con: "en pauper, and I think that a very ju,t, .reason exactly h a j x c r ias t e t( t: y li : a i_ k t e i : n n g si o ue t r t b e h el i s o of ma c t y h h oo e u a n nlti e uotf m btbo e eli rate-payers t I take it in round numbers to be 150,000 L, including the whole of the United Kiogdcm. In July next, ac cordin g to the existing law, a reduction in the sugar duties will take place to the amount of 33 0,000/. By the alteration of the window duty to the house tax, I pro poke to sacrifice 700,0001.; in the duty on coffee there will bo a reduction to the amount of 1 76,0004; in the timber duties 286,0001. will be sacrificed; and in agri cultural seeds 30,000/. In the whole I propose a reduction of 1,522 , 000 4—(11ear.) Ido not, how ever, estimate that th e pos i t i ve loss will be so grert, the increass in the C ustoms w ill make up for reduction in other items. The loss upon the window duties will of course be final, but on coffee and timber I do not ap prehend that the loss will exceed 400,0001. the loss on agricultural seeds will be 30,0004, making a total loss in all of 1,130,0001. The change which I propose to take from the county rates, which I do not consider as a loss T. 'hese are the proposnls which I shall make to the 11 c o u i s n e co in me tl:i t e ax ev ._ eiw i - i e f a t r h , ei h r e n a c r e . ;diwi course, to r I do he k renewalowin4 asc f how much larger surplus was anticipated by some Honourable M , -nabers, I cannot but expect that some dissatisfaction will be expressed at the smallness of some of the reductions I have made. Knowing the views entertained by Hon. Gentlemen op posite, I cannot expect but that some of them will feel disappointed that I should net have adopted a larger portion of local rates, which no &OA they anti cipated. I do not think those rates are a benefit to the occupiers of land, because they solely fall upon the owners. The Flonw , rable Gentleman the Member for Bucks told us the stamp duties rime charged upon the land, and were a great cot off in the probate and legacy. Ile could not altogethe with him I propose to relieve the farmers of half the duty on timber which he uses in the construction of their farm,', and he believed no other duty would do them half so much good. In reference to the question of buildiPg.i, he knew there were gentlemen who wished that the loans that were given for drainage last year sh ou ld be extended to farmers. That subject had been freely and fairly discussed by the representativ es o f counties in the last year. and in that debate it was I propose, theretore, that the income-iax shall 1 ----- 7 — je - c 7 — ",. tinued, as on former occasions, for three years. The Chancellor sat down amid loud cheers, concluding W i th a motion that these matters should be taken int o c hin . sidoration on Friday next. Oa the question being put, iitaiZlES Pie) and was Isfl spe4kilig. SUMMARY. In the Commons, after the transaction of some preli minary business, the House ieso:ved itself into a Com mittee of Ways and Means, and The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER rose to bring for ward the Budget, and appealed to that indulgence of the House which he hal often experienced. He deeply felt that importance of the proposals he was about to make. On former occasions when he had proposed the continuance of the income-test there had been but little choice left to the House, but on the present occasion he felt there might be some opposition made to its continuance. The financial statement of the affairs of the nation up to the sth January would giro a very tolerable idea of what would be the state of affairs at the cud of the financial year, but it should be borne in mind that in the estimate he was about to submit the estimate would extend over a period of 14 months. The impor tations of corn during the past year were nearly, but not quite equal to the importations of last ear. Last year he had estimated the income at 52,285,000/.., the actual income was 52,810,000/. lie estimated the income fur the next year at 52,656,000/. He had estimated the Excise at 14,045,0004, and deducting the brick duties, at 13,595,0001. The actual revenue up to sth April amounted to 13,668,000/. The estimated ex penditure was 50:785,0001.; the actual expenditure up to April would be 50,134,500/. He estimated the receipts from the Customs for the ensuing year at 20,430,060/ e the same as last year. In the Ex cise, he could not calculate on so large a receipt, in con sequence of the deficiency of the barley har vest. He calculated the Excise revenue at 14,000,000/. In Stamps there would be a fur ther decrease, in consequence of the Act of last session, and he did not calculate upon a larger revenue from, stamps than 6,310,000/. The taxes and-property-tax he took at the same amount as this year—taxes, 4,348,0004; propety-tax, 5 328,000/. ; and including Post-office, 8,030,0001. Crown lands and miscellaneous receipts, and old stores, as last year, which would give a total from these sources of 52,140,0001. He now came to charges. There was a decrease in the charge of the debt for the sale of terminable annuitiee,which would eventually extin• guish a portion of the debt e The amount of the debt charges, funded end unfunded, was 30,692,000 L, fur the army 6,545,000/., fur the navy 5,537,5501, and fur the en deatice 2,424,1714 There was a reduction of expenditure, but no reduction of forces The Government thought that in the present unsettled state of Europe it would not be pru dent to propose any reduction of force. He was no alarmist, but there was the widest difference between unnecessary alarm and absurd confidence, and alt %ere aware that our forts and arsenals were not in a nece.- eary state of defence, end a vote would be proposed to con tinue the defences of the Pembroke Dockyard, and to in crease the means of defence of Portsmouth and fly mouth. rim vote for services would be this year 19,555 , 0001., being a reduction of about 300,0001.; from this must be deducted certain excesses of former estimates, and the reduction for this year would be about 245,000/. In compliance with various requisitions toe allowance of grog to the sailor had been diminished and his pay increased and the stoppages of the soldier's pay abroad had been diminished; this created an additional charge of 60,0004 The nary estimates were 4,256,000/. And there was also another expense which he proposed to take on the country, and that was taking the census, which he estimated at 110,000/. He proposed to take the miscellaneous esti mates at 4,000,0001. The total expenditure would be 50,247,171/., leaving an estimated surplus of 1,892,0004 The main question now was the removal of the income tax and of the stamp-duties in Ireland. The income tax he estimated at 5,400,0004, and the stamp-tax in Ireland at 120,0004, but if the House should re fuse to renew those taxes, there would be instead of a surplus, a deficiency of 3,680,000/. When Sir H. PEEL first proposed these taxes the deficit was only 2,140,000/., and if Hon. Gentlemen opposite thought that a sufficient reason for the imposition of the income-tax, he could hardly think that they would now oppose its continuance. He, certainly, on that occasion opposed the imposition of the income-tax; but he stated at the time, that if it were to be imposed for the purpose of making a great alteration in the import duties he should be prepared to support its renewal, and acting on that principle he had supported its renewal when proposed by Sir H. PEEL in 1845. The timber duties, the corn duties, and the sugar duties had been reduced, and therefore he was . justified in proposing the continuance of that tax. It the House did not accede to his proposition there must either be a loan or a reduction of expenditure to that amount. He did not believe such reduction possible, or to impose new taxes to that amount. We had been for years past repealing taxes which pressed upon industry, and which could not be re-imposed, and there Yk ere other taxes of the same character far more ob jectionable than the income tax. He trusted, there- fore, that those who wished to carry out the st stem of improve went of our Comm, reial system at present in progress would support his proposition for the renewal f a limited time of the income-tax. He did not think it advisable to go into the details of the measure in the course of the discussion on the Bill as there would be ample opportunities for discus sion. He had received various suggestions lot alters tiuns in all the schedules and all supported by good measures. Having considered the subject most carefully he had come to the conclusion that the only practical mode was to continue an a Toil and uni form rate upon ell descriptions of income from whstsver sources derived. Wit h regard to the mode of levying the tax under Schedule E, he was willing to enter into dis cussion upon the subject, but he believed it would be found must convenient to adopt the same course that at present existed. He thought it would be but right to continue the exemption of Ireland from the tax as here More, and he proposed to continue it. He proposed to renew the stamp duties in Ire land fur the same term as the income-tax in Fngland, viz., for a term of three years, and he hoped the House would come to a speedy decision on the sub ject, as, if it should be refused, it would be desirable that the Hon. Gentleman who would then occupy the place which he had the honour to fill, should have as mush time as possible to prepare his financial scheme.— (Hear, hear.) His Hon. Friend the Member for Mon trose had asked him to propose a completely new scheme of finance; why, it was the hardest task that had been imposed on a Chancellor of the Exchequer. By whom were taxes paid? Why, the Honourable Member opposite the other night had said that the malt -tax was paid by the farmer ; he thought it was paid by the farmer, and he had even contended that the tobacco duty was paid by the farmer, and therefore his Hon. Friend had not any right to ca ll upon him to make any return regard ing those things which were matters of opinion merely. He had caused returns to bo made up to Jan. last of the duty coils cted on articles which we eat, drink, and smoke; they amounted to 31,821,7981. The duty on manufactured articles amounted to 2,512,0001., and on seeds 742,0004, all those duties fell on the consumer, the whole amount. ing to 35,720,0001. The duties on trade, including insu. rances :and bill and receipt stamps, were 4,464,906/. There were paid for locomotion 641,0004, for news papers and advertisements, 511,0001, and taken alto gether they amounted to 4,200,1521. The total duties on property were 12,451,000/. The amount of the window-tax was 1,856,000/. The local rates amounted to 30,000,000/. in the three countries. H on. Gentle men would therefore see how large a portion of the taxes of the country was derived from the conssumer, and when those taxes were reduced, they were in general, in con sequence of increased consumption, more than re covered in a very short space of time. Having thus na-t as far as he could the request of his Hon. Friend behind h i m, h e would allude to some proposals which had been made elsewhere to make a great reduction of taxation, and to trust to chance for making up the deficiency. He could not accede to the proposition. Neither in commercial nor in political philosophy could they afford to have a revolution every year.— (Hear, hear.) The policy of 1842 was firmly established, and it was their duty to steadily pursue it, and to follow it, land that was the course the Govern ment had determined to adopt. H- had stated that the probable surplus would be 1.890,000/ occasioned by an increase of income of 139 000/. and a de crease of expenditure of 3,900 000/. He proposed, should the income-tux be continued, to make some re duction of our debt, that was the first claim on us. In the course of the last year they had paid off the amount which they had borrowed in the year 1848, and the inter eit on it, viz., 2 330 0001. He thought they ought never to start on a financial year with a less surplus than 1,000 ) 000/, which surplus he pro posed to maintain, which would h ave a sure L 1 still available for the reduction of taxation, and he hal nu- merous applicants during the last month, each calling for the total repeal of a tax which would more than absorb the whole surplus. He had determined that, on the whole, it would be advisable to reduce those taxes which bear on the health of the community; he, therefore, proposed a certain alteration of the vrindow, duties. As those duties amounted to 1,836,0001., the totsl abroga tion of them would absorb the whole surpluf, and would be unjust to others, he proposed to give a con siderable relief in that tax. because he believed it pressed harder on country houses then on houses in town. aGbniEllaoTf sightl'xu teiln catty, loriTnilotEceded „---„ :„,,, nl (4ll A e d T us h e elo i i , i r o w s . 7 fi D i s n r. t . 7 ;.,, -,- N..— _ _ p o ods -- 1 ,. PI to be for the Great Exhibition of all Nations in oyue. - .01T.r.-: been approved for the purpose, and is nowin force...7;lv, vi housing Sight. Goods for the Great Exhibition a ..e .dre [here the number of packages and other particulbrs'd;'elar/ a; eto be inserted]. I [name], importer, do b e , e (be M a te that the packages herei., described are intended for dip; sta Exhibition, and that I will forward them in ; 11 ,1ig f°.,,r the as when landed with due dispatch to the bu - , - , - iro" „ tb s... Great Exhibition in Hyde-park; and I will 3 ,? } , - " r e Degc, l e d special bond, as required by sthclause or *-- 14se the Lions, to beand et d s ° f observed by selected agents per minute date ( iii* °, of the Commissioners of Customs. of December, 1850. Signed and declared tbis !...., fogb' —, 1 851, in the presence of &c Note. ---et Edulsod or pass for the packages abovemen i ' oned, to be !a n d l i l ac ; warded to the building for the Great E2thibition. i _d ju lilac; park, for examination regulations contain* under the minute above , Of quoted." ilau • il THE WARRIN r —COW 4I a l 0 - GTON 3a RED ER. „ bs ra ,IQ THE PAISONER the *-01.1 Friday Patrick Lyons , " vi 0 sirteste,4o murder of Margaret Fahey and ho - 3 t he P London on "Wed India C nesday last, after having en 1 , e the I , - o se Company service,brought before t in te n traces at Warrington, was The most „ t o, for examination. old i'c'" The ° 1 06 interest ve was manifested by the inhabitants, as Newr° p ee and Dr. Collins), Se , geant Brandwood, ThOrailar 040,, Dr. Davie,, were examined, and ga" aul t i b e prison er io to that given by them upon the committal of __ elus ive/. wife. Some additional evidence affect b ead to bins ta. havin b g een taken, the usual caution to r i, 0 ma de ast be was asked if he had anything to saY• ''` e " witted l'Y e. ment to the effect that the murder wa s coln_ ace , e owl is wife, and that on learning what had taken lace t° o n t .__ - b s diately absconded. He f u lly committed _?!‘68.06 was ~ Ufa! Murder of AP' trial at the ensuing ' assizes for the W - NO' Fahey. r „ s airOtic Of SOCIETY TOR PROMOTING PUBLIC .I.M.11; ace 9,-..,., —A society is likely to he formed in Leeds wit.., 'would pip' promoting public improvements in the town. It n ectln l .. bably not it,elf undertake any works requiriV4 __r i ots g a d outlay, but would cultivate the public taste, and 1 ".. e0 0" o be . der nerally the evils and nuisances that ought t n_le is 000 and the kind of in provements that are practicaovi y sirable. Such a society, prudently and persev t e r i ,'. o e 'ulti lo ducted, could hardly tail to be of great use. 1 0, r etat A valuable auxiliary to the town council. Leeds - D rOSe s Isn i i k 0 OFFICIAL ANNOUNC k M ENT'S --- sir. -,- 2 . o nsori e l.ale Street is appointed Attorney-General for Nenr„.v r--- u f 1 )0 7 00 , the room of Mr. Wilmot, promoted to the Nol l ,. W I o f Judge. Mr. William Burnley Ilutne (son et CotO el Led M.P.) is appointed a member of .the Legislative „Od Trinidad. The Commissioners of Cus,oners ba y . e _ port t Mr. Ogilvie, Searcher of the First Class in to_if . vs eo_, London, for the appointment of Landing SurveYnlector v.: by the retirement of Mr. Beal The (Bee of " r e hv the Customs at Plymouth Navin 'eB. vacant "d 'll 1 •• g become , ___ 0 i _ t tir.m • .'of Vt. Lr.., iir. Jones, the followiog promotto;',olwear ''''. place in consequence :—Mr. Julio Stewart, -. 1 . "„„ s , i rl ii , Dundee, to be Collector at Plymouth; Mr. J a f' n otlee: verien, Collector at Shoreham, to be Collector ,r for 31 ' Mr. M•Kinlay, Controller at Whitehavan, to be Liu' Shoreham. i 0 . tb° a elmthe hie FIGHT ON THE STAGE --On Thursday -/ _ er ica-, v to stage of the Thea to Royal, Chester, witnessed s e appr oved rouh.and.ready bout of fisticuffs, atter them l dra - piatiqg fashion of the prize ring. Two of the corps ._„. r out having a private grudge between them, and rnaktok. we • ess Of t'''' DO and grimaces at one arother during the bumf) dellof s , _'_,,i c h *is_ ct mrade, and he incontinently dealt him a facer, w' ds e tb.° .d a lll' 01 returned forthwith. A regular set-to ensue , h s ea cheers of the audience (not very many, and althett_e 0 far nut select), who enjoyed the display of human ile .. ,R u su d th 3 superior to holding the mirror up to it. The 77,..,,g.eril fun continued until one of the bruisers received there,. sun blow which tumbled him into the orchestra, r d wn. det d i the " din of broken lamps, and the critab ecldiscoMote th fiddlers," and the frantic cheers of the pit, Chester rCh onicle. hero picked himself up and wit hdrew. 4 630 It happens a little unlucki l y , that the periot love anie have the most contempt for mo ne y aro the s_ aot , th s Jou rnal. the strongest:will to do good with it.—Eliza c' 4 (In SittOr a l SHOCKING ACCIDENTS BY FIRE. --ti" ,chle ned by fire , i. t he morning two very serious accidents hap( owe of to it is feared will terminate fritally, in cousequ f them One ° I tbei shocking nature of the injuries sustained. ~ ~e 0 0 a Mary Evans, in Kent-street, aged 10 years, wo' er a ° • for fint ° 'ber" caught fire while site was cooking something .., `lien er . the other to Caroline Marsh, aged 16, residiug 1 1, 9 th yi street, Lambeth, whose dress also caught fire. P taken to the hospital, (LEFT SPEAKING.) and he professed to relieve them.—(Cheers and laugh' ter) Except as to the mode of assessment a great deal might b said in favour of retaining the ta x ' as one to which people were already accustomed -- (A laugh) an d t o which existing interests had accommodated themselves. The house property, then, had already been taken off, the hous e duty, and the brick duty, and therefore he he ref think this property had a primary claim to eel Lie admitted that that mode of levying the tea TM c u r jectionable, as being levied on every oPel sif3 g, the admission of light or air, and, !ler'. fore, producing disease. The present tsx of posed ou houses according to the number' " window s , he proposed to abrogate altogeth er the pro... mode of levying that tax, and to substitut e for it '6 01 1, levied upon the value thereof, and CO WI 1 0 to all new h o u ses . The arse of a house was_ lj test cf . its value, but its rental was, and be PrOf/ated he to levy i ns t ea d o f a w i n d o w tax a tax uP°l34l _ e std v : value of th e h ouse , b u t applying it to all houses, he propo se d to modify it with regard eio to ape under houses. A house in a fashionable EqU al ! ! I ' u ees under this sy stew, pay more thi s ' in an unfashionable part of ihe town. The propostu'v , that upon all new housceunder the value o f 201. ate' should be exempt, but above that value they s hould 61 1 a certain per centage, that all above that should 0.0 01 certain per centsge. 'That all existing hour t, less value than 20/. a year should be ele tn r,' tv , bif a t that ail above 204 a year should psi of their present amount of window-tax, that (4 ,4" oo houses of greater value than 20/. a year, paYil l g 13- u i of window-tax, should ay two.thirds of that antes, . 00 rate, and that now houses should pay a rat e ? t el t be shilling in the po un d. U pon s hops and farm hotte d o f proposed to impose a tax of 9d. in the pound in ste' d by Is. in the pound before the mouse-tax was redu s e .,.4 Lord ALTIIOIIP. This would exempt the st tar m-tiousee and the produce of the Ile t Obe be calculated would be 1,155,000 L; the lose o we revenue being 700,000/. All reference to windol d i, done away with, the objection, on sanitary groobteeer done away with; all existing houses will be ,e it p oi l est great In s r ox erupt, or have their payment reduced one-thirck proposed t o d ea l w i th t h e d ut i es on coffee, the re4;o4, from which h a d f a ll en o ff 77,0001. This was octet ifee. in a great measure, by adulteration et chicory with t:the It had been swot , d that he had a direct interest eiljever growth of chicory ; h e h a d on ly to say th at he b dere grew a root o f c hi cory i n hi s lif-, se nd he did not, pi e that any bad been grown upon an Here of let lu diiir puss smiot..—(A laugh.) He did not believe the, , e agee, lure of chicory diminished the consumption . 0 . , Aw ed on the cos , trail, by lowering the price It a . d r7 pot coffee viltbir, the reach of many wilt ) b tn fore consumed it ; and be learned from gb'uti' vial, chicory made coffee more palatable and m ots sone times. In America, where no duty exiiteci' this baler admixture took place, He believed that th e floe' must protect hisns.lf against a dulteration; h e r s ig4 be therefore, disposed t o i ncur th e odium jog ) " eectodiumof Excise duty on c hi cor y, b ut h e did propose to I n di a on evil by reducin g t h e d uty on coffee. Th e paella foreign coffee was 6d. a lb., and on colonial 4d. et that Of whilst the import or colonial coffee had increaseoe vrei,tee foreign coffee had diminished ; he did not think the h P e c eloe tion of this differential duty was of much value to ( t wice° nial grower; he proposed, therefore, to reduce the_ uti of Stli. both, and to equalize them by imposing an equalrotion. ° : per lb., and to propose the same duty on the imr;t er"' chicory. The loss of revenue would be 1.70,0001- T be- tin:tb er: cle to which he would allude was the duty on foreig e bet `feer Great complaints had been made by our shipow ner* bui l 4 °6 of being exposed to the competition, of the foreign eg o who thed untaxed timber. This acted hardllaa t r i oif'f (r ships of an inferior class, and ne proposed to reduce Polio', reign timber to one-halt its present amount; that timber *l to to s* upon sound timber to 10s., and upon rough ti; he prope.sceuitursl There was other items upon which reduce the duty, and that was upon ag ja ri tv `t b „ a l seeds. This h e b e l ieve d was the will -- s ied 4 '„ - f the agriculturist exclusively paid. Upon eluveL n i..64 grass seed alone there was a duty paid of s rs9:_,';: - 3.5,000/. raised upon all seeds The presentseue"dZ . e h r e c ,P; t i upon foreign seeds, and 2s. 6d. upon colonial posed to reduce the whole to a uniform rate distal:oi o f which would involve a loss to the re in v ide 30,0001. Many p ropos i t i ons b a d been - u cast what were ca ll e d th e local u," nu idPrs land on the C o n so lid ate d F un d. S uc h a chang e k ""c6ect S l duce a social revelation, by the removal of all tu e local administration, it was to the magistrates, thetlejoantu and the local boards, that the peace and safety of the bur , was owing, and if they transferred the payment tit but ,tti,eb dens to the Government, they must have the rea Ilion bt: was one portion of these changes which be tho n g e taken up the general revenue. and that was t a ' ° D r roPe e r t _ arge for the expenses of pauper lunatics. ' 4 "; it i e; leave the conduct of pauper lunatic asYlu ras ,l s P, °rt ee - r n °f present, but to take upon the consolidated fun; si be the maintenance of pauper lunatics, taking 111)°-- t es ' jiall °tic duce anent a large portion of the expens s e , of coa t, ' i s ti ante re „„ that of these confined in private asYla rns pep expense of the maintenance of these unfortuna.e P t oro.' lice 1 ( : ) , 00/. ee cler e about the ordinary expense of the maintelut nary pauper, he proposed to take a charge of 15° ' w ere th , O this head for the United Kingdom. Tb ese subnlitt proposals which he should in due tittle July gpd House. In the month of ,„ Oh 8 ° d w ill b would be a reduction of duty of 3 '"' ° t he that added to the reductions which will b e prOP S i e m to a gain to the community of 1,523.0001., but ibe g 0 ee revenue be estimated at only 1,130000 L Tas c t -gs t r al i f i s a s the tran,fer of local rates was 1.50,000/., making e f :fart' fo i to the revenue of 1,2t10,00ut, leaving a surplus e at years at 612 ' Ui- °l ' , the actual actual ,„ ) ;. °6 nextyear being only 150.001 e, being rb2 ,000.. year a surplus of 952.0001., of other year" i k 'n it te c t ti e C He could net but expect that this Budget quarters create etiseqepointment, but he di d " ' h t i o p do, tj he intent to relieve, as he had been urge h d ad p roposr:t owners of land to a greater extent than 'en - Last year he had relieved thern bY °f the the stamp duty on deeds and by th reinovat ° ber o i tA bricks, and this year he ' reduced th e e dutY l ' im o d - red au ' - e r they employed in the erection of film buildings, I soy otb the du .y on seeds. He did not know there was f olaf i n °l ,l l p nit tn which he need se• al lut— re a 2 " - he should • propose Was kir the renewal of the ,n trouble the coeir t A 'b d of the stamp -duties in Ireland f o r three Ytearhe s ' disco *. was prepared, il t h e House wished it, to postpone stun o another opportunity.—( Hear, hear.) I' lie resolut• „ ri g the the,to IiERRIES rose, and after compliment. „, r ions hawing been propo,ed from .the ob'tesn' el cellor of the Exchequer upon the ability d i. o t r aie fbr . t he stat emen ain t ' cl -Je d from the Government etoP'' r 0 0 ' r - e u, country to consider the important point whethe r the y' t i t income-tax should be continued. He hoped olio not be asked t o come to a d ec i s i on tonight, sa d „ nn oider . .. the House ought to have until Friday next to matter. i • I 1 tt t , rl, to o kr; , !tit,