The Sun. — London, England, 1845-03-27 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROII THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. GLOBE.--" Pity the sorrows of a poor old man !" is the burden of his Grace the Duke of Newcastle's letter to the Standard. We have transferred the document to our own columns, as a curiosity of its class ; and are impelled, by sympathy for the almost isolated state of the noble writer, to offer a few remarks upon his affecting appeal to the public in his own behalf. With respect to the proximate matter of provoca tion which prompted the Noble Duke to draw the pen in selfetlefence, we think he has amply vindicated himself from the imputations which were cast upon him —if, indeed, anything more could be desired beyond the triumphant answer which his son, the Earl of Lin coln, from his place in Parliament and as Chief Commissioner of the Board of Works, made to the attack—responded to, as that justification of his own and his father's conduct was, by the cordial concurrence of the House of Commons. This testimony is a volun tary offering at the shrine of truth—equally due to a political opponent as to a political friend. We were not of the number of the Duke of Newcastle's accusers, and might therefore be-silent. Candour, if not a feeling of a higher and strdnger character, impels us to aid the Noble Duke in vindicating his injured fame and feelings, a hen he appeals to his countrymen of all parties agoinst an unfounded and unworthy accusation. 0 - Cher topics are introduced into this epistle which, if not possessing equal claims on public sympathy, are not eviiolly destitute of interest. The Duke of Newcastle is .trow an old man; one of the very few now re maining of the Eldon school of politicians. To Lord Eldon, ha some respects, he bore a similitude in the general character of his mind, asd to whom he adhered when tye majority of his associates forsook him and fled. " When I began life," says the Duke of Newcastle, had the fairest prospects before ine. In a political point of view, I possessed great power." There is much that'is melancholy in the retrospect. The Duke, accord ing to Ihe statement in his letter, has stood still, and beheld most of his early associates in political life pass into the grave ; while the few who remain hive suf fered themselves to be carried away by the current of advancing opinion on questions which were, wi:h him, sacred as articles of faith. He is left alone ; denuded of his political power. and deprived cf his political asso ciates. Though:We cannot regret the changes which have taken place in the political institutions and social relations of the people to which he alludes, we can easily understand the dreary feelings with which they are con templated in themselves, and in their consequences, by one circumstanced with relation to them as the Duke of Newcastle has been, and now ie. We admit the Noble Mite's claim to " having acted from a pure and conscientidus conviction, and with an utter disregard of eelWrconeequences m-In all the measures of which I highly disapproved, whether Roman Catholic Emanci pation, Reform, Ecclesiastical Commissions, old Corpo ratiene, Irigh policy, Corn-laws, Free trade, with many others, and mere recently the Income-tax and Tar,tf, Canada Corn, and National Educetion, &c., in which I may not •Itare had the good fortune to concur with the Atiniater of the day—on all occasions I have net-scrupled to disagree and oppose, whether as a candid friend or a candid enemy ; nor can I do my duty and abstain from dissent, when I see such Bills as the Jews' Disabilities Bill introduced into a Chris &ea- Parliament and look forward to the promised measures which are to give a heavy blow and great discouragement to the Protestant Church ; whilst Popery is to be elevated and encouraged, and enemies to one. faith, Heretics, Sceptics, or Infidels, arc to legislate for that Church which they abhor. Such measures demand the stern opposition of every Chris tian and every. conscienti,us Protestant, who must too plainly and fearfully perceive how small is the consideration or care for the Establishment, but how great for her deadlitst foes." With reference to the policy, past and present, of those who now direct the des tulles of this great country, the Duke mildly observes— " I pm disclaimed by those who, I am compelled to think, should be as I am." To the question, " Why, then, does he not follow the ways of the world ?" the Nbble Duke replies. " Such ways are not my ways. I could derive no satisfaction from exchanging principles fur expediency. So, like a wounded deer, lam discountee nanced by the whole herd." We cease to war with the fen. who'has retired from the battle-field. Although we retain the same antagonistic position to the principles which the Duke of Newcastle upheld when he occupied no insignificant post in the war of parties, we respect the Consistency whfeh has marked his political career, as contrasted with that of the converts to expediency to which he alludes, with a bitterness of feeling which their desertion of him has provoked. his reproaches find an apology in the neglect of which he has eloquently com plained in the letter before us. STANDARD.—Isis among the earliest and most important precautions adopted by the skilful defender of a military position, to call in his troops from un tenable or useless posts, in which they would squander their lives to no purpose, and to remove everything that could cover the advance of an enemy. It is im possible, however, that these arrangements can always be made without exciting dissatisfaction ; some men will attach importance to positions held by others to be untenable or useless, for all were never tweed upon any plan ; some will even sus tain material injury from the nccesssity of surrounding the position with an open field. Still, if the common defence is to be made, such sacrifices of opi nion, and oren of interest, must be made. It is in civil polein'uos as in 4 ' the trade of war,' untenable or useless opinions, how fondly soever cherished, must be surren dered. Meaner interests must be sacrificed in order to protect vital principles and paramount institutions. This will always produce a great deal of murmuring on the part of those whose particular opinions or interests may be in fringed upon ; but the honest and firm statesman will disregard this murmuring, and even the obloquy into which, after a little time, the scattered reprieaches of the multitude may consolidate themselves. lie is contented to know that he has defended all that ought to be de fended, and all that can be defended. Our reflections har'''C been turned into this channel by the Billowing conclusion of a well-written but reproachful article of this day's Morning Chronicle :—" Mr. D'lsraeli, how crep. is of opinion that Sir It bert Peel is needlessly letting the agriculturists down, that he is actu ally and essentially sacrificing them, and that from pure love of him they accept him as the most agreeable executioner. Like condemned and despairing wretches, they consent to inevitable death, and aro consoled by haVin,g it.of their own direction and choosing, " Like maudlin Clarence in his Malmsey butt." And. each, rio doubt, is the opinion of a great portion of thijeSagriculturists themselves. But men of common sense amongst them must see that Sir R. Peel has ma naged their estate better than any other steward they could have appointed. See at how small a real sacrifice of agricultural interests be has contrived to purchase, not only the acquiescence, but the support and applause of our amiable Opposition. Nor does he seem at all likely to sacrifice one iota more than the exigencies of the time may imperatively require. We deny altogether the jus tice of considering the Protectionists as victims either innocent or asleep, or about to be slaughtered. Let net the Liberals go to sleep themselves with such an idea. Their antagonists, they may depend. upon it, are wide awake, well aware of what they do and what they suffer, end how much they will. , Stiffer. Peel is' their instrument, nut they his dupes. They may sneer at him and damage him, in order to humble and master him—besides the advantage of giving themselves the air of injured men—but depend upon it, on the whole they are satisfied, if not with Peel, at least with Peel's work, and they regard him as a very useful anti-Liberal factor. Farmers murmur, and landlords affect to murmur, but the West Indians are contended—at least fir the present." What a person like Mr. D'lsraeli may think or say is of very little moment ; but there is a class whom the Aforning Chronicle insults, by assuming the author of "Coningsby " to be its type, who foolishly adopt the opinions ascribed by our Contemp o rary t o th e individual in question. The reply of the Morn ing Chronicle to this class is perfectly just— who could have more effectually defended all the great interests of the country than they have been defended by Sir Robert Peel's Govern ment ? The Right Hon. Baronet, it is true, has cut off some impossible duties from the sliding scale, that only rendered odious thet protecting law ; true, he has re peated nee inVidious and perfectly unnecessary pro hil4iten iipon the importation of foreign cattle. Many more Things of the same kind has he done ; but mark on the other side what he has prevented— the park on the other side what lie has prevented—. the budget of 18.11—prevented it not merteli for the Om; but permanently. By the corn-law and tariff of 1841,, and by the sugar Bill of the present rear, the principle of protection is incorporated es sentially .in the commercial constitution of the country ; for whatever is bound up with the nuttmr?ty of great interests nemy be said to be so essentially incorporated ; while the restoration of the public finances to it state of prosperity without example, must take away in6tive and excuse for a recurrence to such desperietsecesperimeots as those attempted by the Whigs in-1' t tunes or other the Whigs will conneetgain into office. We hope and believe the date of time visitation to be very distant, but the revolution of years most, be expected to bring round Whig Ministries, as well as pestileiton and scarcity, and other calamities, such as accompanied the last Whig decade of adminis tration. Wfica, however, the Whig Administration shall come, the ineaeures of the present Administration will have neutralised its power of' evil, extensive es pat power must be confessed to be. The principles of protection, once as it were wedded to the strict rule of ream), can never be divorced from that rule.l So much protection as is justly due will be always freely conceded, because no iu wre will be asked. " A useful factOr" indeed has Sir Robert Peel been to the great interests of the country, and to time country itself, usetlil to the future as well as to the present. STATE OF TRADE. The brealcing-up of the frost has not yet restored ani mation in this market. The demand for yarn was yesterday more limited than for some time past ; and some of the buyers for Russia and Germany were offening orders on lower prices. dy e b e _ lieve, that, at a very trifling concession fr,,m the previous rates, a considerable amount of bu siness , would have been done. The spinners, h ow _ ever, 4g almost all under contract, refused to give way, rica the transactions were consequently limited. In . - ,he accounts from India and China !ss the prices of shirtings, which, as tions of printing cloth, have betn terms ; and the market generally NEL MARKET, MONDAY, MARCII 24. .ovemeti ii the market to report to still con s very limited, and prices wool market has been quite as dull and there seems no desire on the curers, to purchase, except for ionnie- Iter Guardian of yesterday. the goods market, ti , . .. ....1141-to toodiare! S, 1 ' , • 11 . descr ipt ~ ..,(1/71 . .: lower ...xi/ . , A ,4..1, --,.. • , LAN! , ? ( 2.A'''''' Or 0t.,. r t.,.....,pr0 ...,,„...:. 0 , • 4 „ .4 .... s, 7 .......p.,. The. Q.,...... " . 16 ‘.0 74 ; ilnnels ; . - r . thot4panufaott It s , 'ate ise.--Afanchati ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. NORTHERN ClRCUlT.—Liverpool, March 25. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Justice COLTMAN.) The Court was engaged the whole of the morning in trying cases of prosecution on the part of the Mint, against persons charged with making and uttering base coin. frlatthew Harrey, aged 50, was indicted for having, in the month of January last, at Bolton, feloniously as saulted one Frances Grogan, and violated her person. Mr. Ilulton stated the case to the jury. It appeared that the girl who had suffered . the vio lence was the daughter of a poor Irish woman, who had come to lodge in the prisoner's house in January, only a day or two before the offence was committed. The mother and daughter both worked in a dandy-room shop in a factory at a short distance from the house. The girl was but a little more than thirteen years of age, and was proved to have sustained serious injury. The prisoner, who was undefended by counsel, stated that the mother had been taken into his house from charity. lie had children of his own to take care of, and had been deserted by his ow❑ wife. Verdict, Guilty. lie was called up to receive sentence, when his Lord ship told him that the law left no discretion with the judge as to the punishment to be awarded for such an offence, and the sentence therefore was, that he be Iran sp )rted for life. OXFORD ClRCUlT.—Shrcwsbury, March 25. CROWN COURT.—(Before the LORD eIIIEF BARON.) Pugh and Syas, the two men convicted last night,of stealing in a dwelling-house, were this morning sentenced by his Lordship to imprisonment with hard labJur for twelve calendar months. Thomas Onions was indicted for night poaching in a wood, the property of the Earl of Liverpool, at the parish of Cound, in this county. Mr. Corbett, sen., conducted the case for the prose cution, Mr. Neale defended the prisoner. _ It was shown by the evidence, that on the night of the sth of January, the prisoners, in company with a man of the name of Sankie and another, was found by John Bowen, one of the Earl's keepers, who, with others, was watching in a cover. Sankio presented his gun, and told them to stand off. Bowen struck the muzzle up, closed with him, and disarmed him, firing the gun in the air, to prevent further mischief. Henry Danks, another keeper, was at the same time struck on the head with a stick by the prisoner, and fell on his knee. Recovering himself, however, and being similarly armed, a fight ensued, which terminated in the capture of Onions, upon whose person a hare and some ammunition were found. The third poacher escaped. Verdict, Gui:ty. Sentence postponed. HOME CI leCUl7'.—Kingxeon, March 26. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Baron ALDERSON.) Thowis William Barnett, aged 26, coachman, was in dicted for feloniously sending a threatening letter to Mr. John Hurst, with a view to extort money from him by accusing him of an unnatural crime. Mr. Clarkson and Mr. Bodkin conducted the prosecu tion, and Mr. Charnock defended the prisoner. Mr. CLARKSON having stated the ease for the prose cution, called the following witnesses : Catherine Bourne deposed that she was cook to the prosecutor, who resides at Clapham-rife. On the 7th of March she received a letter trim a boy, which was addressed to her master, and ohich she shortly after wards gave him. Cross-examined—The prosecutor keeps two other servants, a parlour maid and a man servant. The man servant before the prisoner, who had been in the prose cutor's service as coachman, left from his own notice in December. Mr. John Hurst, the prosecutor, an elderly gentleman, deposed that he was a bachelor, and his sister resided with him. The last man servant he had lived with him for five years, and on his leaving, the prisoner was en engaged as coachman, but finding he wits a bad driver, he gave him notice to quit. He asked to be allowed to stop in place a little longer, and he was to have re mai fled until the 22d of February, but, in consequence of his disobeying orders, he was discharged on the 12th. Witness received the letter in question on the 7th of March. Ile believed it was in the prisoner's hand writing, Cross-examined—Witness consulted a friend upon the subject, and showed him the letter, but did not tell -him anything about having made use of an indecent expres sion to the prisoner while he was bathing him. The prisoner did once bathe him with a sponge in his bed room. Ile was discharged for disobeying orders. The witness was cross-examined at some length; and it was admitted that some indecent expression had been made use of by him to the prisoner while he was bath , ing him. Police-constable, 25 I', deposed that he took the pri soner into custody, and told him that it was for writing a letter to Mr. Hurst ; to which he replied, " I did writ. it ; and Mr. Hurst ha I better be quiet." Some thing was afterwards said about the letter being anony mous, when the prisoner said that it could not be con sidered anonymous, for he had put his initials to it. The prison r at the same time said that all he wanted was compensation for his character, or something to that effect. The letter was then put in and read, Its contents were as follow : " Sir—l write to inform you that you have been very unkind, trying to your extreme energies to reflect dispa ragement en my reputation. In retaliation, I shall make known those liberties and diabolical actions you took with me when I was bathing you in your room, what I term . Some compensation I wish to receive from your hands, in one way or other. I am waiting for an answer at the bottom of Stockwell lane.—Obedient ser vant, " T. W. B." This was the eye for the prosecution. Mr. CHARNOCK addressed the jury for the prisoner, and contended that all the compensation sought for by him, when he wrote the letter, was the restoration of his character ; and he submitted that there was nothing like a demand of money from the beginning to the end of the letter. Ile concluded by expressing an opinion that it was the greatest misfortune the prisoner ever had to have entered into the service of such a master. Mr. Baron ALoEs.soN, in summing up, said the simple facts for the jury to consider were, without any regard to the guilt or innocence of the prosecutor, whether the prisoner intended to accuse him of an unnatural crime ; and s, , corylly, whether, if he did, he inter . ' led by means of such accusation to extort money from him. The j;ry, after a short deliberation, returned a rerdiei of Not . Gui!ty _. " Eliza'rift - IVoodman, 33, was charged upon the corn. ner's inquisition with the murder of her female illegiti. mate child. Mr. Ryland prosecuted, and Mr, Clarkson defended the prisoner. Woolman, the sister of the prisoner, who was very much affected while giving her testimony, deposed that she lived with her mother at Reigate, and the pri soner and an illegtimate child, seven years old, also lived with them. On the night of t'le 11th of February they went to bed at about half-past ten o'clock, the pri soner at the time appearing in good health and spirits. Shortly afterwards witness heard her mother ask the prisoner where she was guing, and she replied that she had a pain in her stomich, and she heard her go out and return in about tea minutes. In a few minutes after this a neighbour, named Knowles, gave an alarm, and witness went down into the garden, and found a female infint lying near the dunghill, wrapped up in a flannel petticoat. It was alive at the time, and was crying loudly. She did not see anything of the prisoner for some time after this, and she was then sitting in a chair and apeared to be very ill. Up to this time there had been no suspicion in the family that the prisoner was in the family-way, but witness had no doubt that the child which was found was her sister's offspring. Gto•ge Wickman, the constable of Bil'igate, deposed that he went in search of the prisoner• on the night in question, and found her in a field, nearly naked, insen ble, and he at first thought she was (lead. He raised her up and as,isted her home. He afterwards found a portion of the prisoner's apparel under a hay-stack in the field where she was lyi:•g. By Mr. CLARKSON—The prisoner had had an illegiti mate child before, but she bore a very good character fns humanity and kindliness of disposition. Mr. Slrgeant, a surgeon, residing at Reigate, proved that when the body of the deceased child was shown to him, there was an apron round it, and the strings were drawn round its neck three times, but not sufficiently tight to prevent the child from breathing. The child was alive when he first saw it, but for the want of proper attention it had evidently lost a great deal of blood. It died on the Friday following, and he attributed the death to congestion of the brain and lungs, partly produced by loss of blood, and partly by the tightness of the ligature round the neck. In cross-examination by Mr. CLARKSON, the surgeon said that he had known the prisoner for several years, and he gave her an excellent character for humanity and kindness. When the constable brought her home after the occurrence she was in a state of total syncope. In answer to further questions he said he was not aware whether the child was carried about the streets of 1114- gate for some time after it was found, but he said if it had been the case it would of courso be very bad for an infant to be so treated. A woman named Wilson was then called to show that the child was placed in her charge, and sho said that on the ThurAday morninx she took the child to the Red Cros, and afterwards curried it back to the house of the prisoner's mother. She said, also, that she took the child back an tin on the following evening, and it die•t ten minutes afterwards. The witness, being cross-examined by Mr. CLA.RKSON, said that she knew a woman named Beadle, and that she walked wish her while she had the child, but she did not give it to her to carry. She denied also, that the woman referred to t.)ld her not to say that she had had the child, for fear anything should be said about it. She went near the Blue Anchor beer-shop, but she did not show the child to any one who was there. Mr. CLARKSON pressed the witness to state whether the child was not exhibited to the people in the beer shop, and sho would not answer for some time; but at length' said that she did not know ; she was not sure. The Learned Counsel, finding he could not obtain a direct answer, at length sat down aad gave up the attempt. Mr. Baron ALDERSON addressed the witness, and told her she would have to answer for her conduct elsewhere ; she would not only have to answer for carrying that poor child about the town in the manner she had, but for not answering truly, according to the s)lemn oath she had taken. This was the case for the prosecution. Mr. CLARKSON then addressed the jury for the pri soner, and after contending that the evidence was not by any means sufficient to make out the charge of murder, he was about to proceed to make some ob servations with reference to the concealment of the birth— Mr. Baron ALDERSON, however, interpo:ed, and said that the Act of Parliament only alluded to the concealment of a dead body, and as the child of the prisoner had clearly been proved to be bor» alive, uo charge of con. cede:tent of the birth could apply to the primer. Mr. CLARKSON thanked his Lordship for the inter ruption as it had saved him from addressing the jury upon that point. Ho then went on to allude to some stringent observations which he said had been recently made by the public press upon the conduct of judges and juries in some cases similar to the present, and he said he trusted the jury would not allow such observa tions to sway their judgments or their conduct, and that they would return such verdict as their consciences die tated upon the evidence laid before them. Mr. Baron ALDERSON summed up, and said that he should be ashamed of the jury if he imagined they would suffer themselves to be swayed by any observa tions made out of Court, and he trusted they would dis miss them entirely from their minds. The Learned Judge then went through the evidence, commenting upon all the material portions of it as he proceeded. The jury, after consulting for a few minutes, returned a verdict of Not Guilty. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 27, 1845. MIDLAND Cl RCUlT.—Leicester, March 25. CROWN COURT.—(lkfore Chief Ju tice TINDAL.) RIOT AND A SSA ULT.—Joseph Colthurbt, Edward Tal t Mullins, Henry loper, Charles limy Coss-, George Richardson, and Thowis Hibbins, were charged with having on the morning of Saturday, the'l6th day of No vember last, in the parish of Wymondham, in this county, been guilty of a riot. There were other counts in the indictments charging assaults to have been committed on the persons of Stephen Stokes, William Grooby, and - John Lewin. ' The counsel engaged for the prosecution were, Mr. Whitehurst, Q.C., Mr. Mellor, and Mr. Flowers. For -the defence, Mr. llill, Q.C., Mr. Ilumfrey, Q.C., Mr. W. Burnaby, and Mr. Macaulay. This prosecution arose out of an attempt made by some of the otlisers of the Midland Counties Railway to make a survey of some portion of Lord Harborough's park, called Stapleford Park, for the purposes of an intended - line of railway from Syston to Peterborough. The affair made much noise at the time. The facts, as de tailed by counsel, and proved by the witnesses, were as folow :—The Midland Counties Railway having projected a branch lino from Syston, a village about five miles from Leicester, to Peterborough, it became necessary to take the levels, &c., of the intended line. The line in question was proposed to be carried through Stapleford Park,, .the property of Lord Harborough, running at a distance of near a mils from the Noble Earl's residence, but within two or thew hundred yards of a cotsage which his Lordship had built and embellished at great ces. • and in which he nearly always resides. It appeared that a request had been preferred by the Company to his Lordship to be allowed to come upon the park for the purpose of making a survey, but Lord Harborough refused such permission. Some attempt had been made early in the week to make the required survey by the towing path of the Oskham canal, which runs by the side of the park, but this had been resisted. It would seem that some sort of an un derstanding was come to thst no further attempt should be msde to complete the survey unit the respective par ties had been before a magistrate; but late on the Friday night preceding the morning in question, information was received by Lord Harborough's agents that the Company intended at an early hour on Saturday to go upon the park and make the required survey. Parties were immediately dispatched to the neighbouring vil lages for the purpose of sailing the tenants and labourers on his Lordship's estate into the field to resist the in tended aggression, and some of them arrived upon the ground as early as a quarter to six, where they found the defendants, who, with the assistance of their work people, to the number of 70 or 80, wore about to com plete the business they hal come upon. They were re quested to desist, and to go about their business. They recusei, and thence arose a fight and disturbance, which lasted a considerable time, and in the result Lord Har borough's people remained masters of the field. Many acts of violence on the part of the defendants were de • posed to. A witness named Colson stated that, upon warning the defendants to desist, they said they would go on in spite of him, and he was pushed against and rolled over. The " railways," as the witnesses for the prosecution styled the company's servants, were armed w i t h 1 0 ,g pieces of wood, having iron spikes at their ends ; but these were to stick in the ground, and were a part of their business apparatus. Some witnesses spoke to their having bludgeons in their pockets. All the wit nesses for the prosecution denied that they themselves had any weapons beyond walking-sticks, and those only a few, and that their numbers did not exceed twenty or thirty. Mr. Fabian, the steward of Lord Harborough, - stated that he arrived in the park a little before seven en the morning of Saturday, and he thought there -- iS.ere seventy or eighty, and from that to one hundred of the "railways' , present ; that he heard the noise in the park upwards of half a mile off ; that upon coming up he saw Colthurst, and addressed him, saying, " These are most disgraceful proceelins, Mr. Colthurst " He replied, " Mr. Fabian, if you do not wish to he hurt, I should advise you to go away." Mr. Fabian replied, "he thought he (Fabian) had more right there than he had." There was a desperate struggle, but at last the " rail ways" beat a retreat. Then he ordered the gees of the park to be closed, in order that ti•.e parties implicated might Le identified, and among them were the defendants. In cross-examination, the witness sri'd it had been called in the newspapers, " the battle of Suxby-bridge." Does not know that Lord Harborough commanded in chief. Was a general on that occasion, if Mr. Hill pleased to call him so. He sent Skinner over, Lord Harborough's servant, as en aid-de camp to summon the rank and fi'e to Stapleford. Could not tell their num ber, had not looked at the muster-roll lately. The men who came b.fore the fray was over and those who came after received 25. 6tl. each, and r,:tions on the Mon , lay. There was no artillery. Heard nothing about the cannon of Lord Harborough's yacht until after the thy in question. William Grooby spoke to Culthurst " bragging" at him with a staff, having an iron spike at the end, with whieh he made a hole in his coat, and John Lewins was assaulted and had a wound in his side ; he c-iuld not see it, but felt it for weeks afterwards. Many other wit nesses spoke to the noise and tumu:t that disiinguished the morning of this eventful 15th, describing the "rail ways" as armed with staves, and distinguished by whi' e linen, or ribbon, tied round their arms, the morning not at first being light. Mr. litt.t.made an eloquent speech in favour of the de fendants, the gist of which was to show that the parties in question had no intent to commit or provoke any breach of the peace, but they had gone there early in the morning, so that Lord Ilarborough should be less dis turbed, and the number of men spoken to as being upon the ground arose from tho necessity there was fur their assistance to work the chains, many being provided to finish the business of the survey. The CIIIEF JUSTICE said it vias clear the defendants had no right to have been there, and it was a riot of more than three persons, assembled for a common pur pose, the object heftyg to do that which would or might create a breach of the peace. The jury, however, acquitted Vie defendants of the riot, and found them guilty of the assault only; and they were sentenced each to one month's imprisonment in the county gaol. WARD V. L' RD HARM/ROUGH AND OTHERS. This was an action for assault wid false imprisonment, and arose out of the disputes between his Lordship and the Company. The plaintiff is an engineer, and .on Monday, the 1 1 th, had gone over to Mr. Fabian's house to ask permission to ho allowed to carry out a survey on the towing path of the Oakham canal. Mr. Fabian stated ho had no orders respecting it, but there was a notice board warning people not to trespass in the park under the penalty of 101. It appeared that Mr. Ward, with his assistant, Mr. - Roper, and ten or a dozen labour ing men, proceeded to make his survey, when Dawson the head gamekeeper of Lord Harborough, rode up and ordered him off. Mr. Ward had at the time a theodolite with him, an instrument used in surveying. Mr. Ward was moving off the ground, when Mr. Dawson, who had stated he should go back to Lord Harborough and ask what he (Dawson) was to do, returned and took Mr. Ward and his whole p irty into custody, and took pos session of the theodolite. Mr. Ward desired to be t a k en before a magistrate ; he went with his assistant in his own conveyance, but after they had gone about two miles, Mr. Dawson told them they might go where they pleased. The men were to be taken in a cart, and the theodolite placed therein. These men had not gone far before Skinner, a footman of his Lordship's, role up, and said his Lordship said " they might be all tipped out of the cart, and go to the devil ; but if he found them on his grounds again he would shoot them." The theodolite was pitched into the road, and was proved to have sustained damage to the extent of between 6!. and 121 The Criers JUSTICH directed a verdict to be entered in favour of Lord Harborough, as there was nothing to show that he issued the ord•rs in question for the taking of Mr. Ward and his party. Against the other defen dants—namely, Dawson and his two men—ha thought there should be a verdict, the jury giving damages as much as would repair the theodolite, and whatever they ehos.) beside for the assault and detention. The jury accordingly- returned a verdict fo: Lord Ilarborough, and against the other three defendants. —Damagel; , , 8/. There was another case then called on, in which Lord Ifarborough was plaintiff; but, at the suggestion of the Judge, the Noble Earl congented to withdraw a juror. IVOR FOLK CI fiCli T.—Catuli, idge, March 25. CHOW N COURT.—(Before Mr. Justice PArrEsox.) Wm. Fuller and ThAert Munson were indicted for fel.miously setting fire to a stack of straw, the property of Robert and James Chabie, of Tuft. Mr. Woriledge appeared fur the prosecution, and Mr. BurChani for the prisoners. It appeared from the evidence for the prosecution that the stack was discovered to be on tire about nine o'clock in the evening of the Bth of June, and the prisoners were seen near the prosecutor's premises a short time before the fire, and met by one of the witnesses coming away from. the fire ; and on being asked where they had been to, and what they had been doing, they refused to state, and the witness immediately seized both the prisoners by their collars, and detained them. When before the magistrates the prisoners made false statements", which were used as evidence ag-ainst them on the trial. Mr. BURCIIAM addressed the jury fur the prisoners, who, 'after much deliberation, returned a verdict of Guilty Against both.—Sentence deferred. James Williamson, a boy aged thirteen years, was in dicted for setting fire tr) a stack of straw, the property of Mr. William Coxall, of Tuft. Mr. Mills prosecuted. The prisoner was defended by Mr. Giuch. The case turned entirely upon the question whether the stack had been set fire to in point of law, and it ap pearing from the evidence that the straw which had been actually on fire, was a small quantity lying on the ground close to the stack, and not part of the body of it, to which the flame had not extended; it having been providentially extinguished aimost at the moment of ig nition. The Learned JUDGE thought the offence had Dot been completed within the meaning of the statute upon which the indictment was framed, and directed the jury to ac quit the prisoner. • MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (WEDNESDAY.) (Before the ASSITANT-JUDGE and a Bench of Magis trates.) TITS SPA-FISLDS' M7IItAL-andthib. An indictment was preferted by Mr. Wakeling, on be half of the parochial authorities of Clerkenwell, against the parties engaged in the perpetration of the outrages of public decency at the Spa-fields' burial-ground, which are at present exciting so much attention. The grand jury returned a true bill against Robert Vinall, William Langford, Francis Green, William Chas Bird, William Green ; Tom Smith,-and Stephen Bishop, labourers, for opening the graves, removing the dead bodies, destroying the coffins, and interring in the burial grcund a greater number of deceased persons than tl'c place could decently contain, in violation of public decency, and against the public health. The trial, it is understood, will not take place this session, which will have terminated probably before the parties can have surrendered in due course of law. IMPUDENT FRAUD. Previous to the rising of the Court, 'and at the cies e of a trial in which Mr. Hurry, the barrister, had defended the prisoner, that gentleman apolog'sed to the Crurt for the comparatively inefficient management of the defence, as he was not aware that he was retained till the moment that it was called on, when he was informed, to his great surprise, that the proper fee had been given to his clerk, who, upon inquiry, it had been found out, had been per sonated by some individual about the Court, to whom the retainer was given. He had reaFon to believe that this was not the first time such a fraud had been per petrated. The Learned JUDGE said that he could not interfere, but the proper way was to identify the party, and indict him for obtaining money under false pretences. Willi im Smith was placed at the bar upon an indict ment charging him with having stolen a pair of boots on Tuesday evening. The prisoner had scarcely taken his place in the dock, ere The chief turnkey inrormed the Judge that the pri soner had been tried and acquitted in that Court on the preceding day, in the name of " George Cramer," fur having stolen two sheets and other articles from his lodgings. The Learned JUDGE said, now hii attention was called to the circumstance, he remembered tho case very well, The prisoner had given himself up to the police upon his own charge of having stolen the sheets, hut when he came before that Court yesterday, the jury, in the absence of conclusive testimony upon the subject, had declined to place implicit credence in the prisoner's statement as to his guilt, and therefore they acquitted him. Some further inquiry was then made, H hen it ap peared that the prisoner had been discharged from cus tody about four o'clock yesterday afternoon, and that he was again in custody at six o'clock upon the present charge. The JUDGE said ho presumed the object of the pri soner was to get transported. He was certainly adopt ing the right course to "gain such a consummation. The turnkey said, that the prisoner was tried and convicted at the Central Criminal - Court in August last, when he had been sentenced to four months' imprison ment. The prisoner pleaded Guilty to this indictment. The Learned JUDGE said it was quite manifest that the end the prisoner had in view was to get himself removed from the country. The sentence upon him was, that he be transported beyond the seas far 7 years. This was the third felony—for one he had already under gone four months' imprisonment, the second he had ac• cused himself of, and to the third he had now pleaded guilty. The prisoner remained throughout as if totally un concerned at the proceedings, and walked off with the officer with an expression of satisfaction upon his coun tenance. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. (YESTERDAY.) MANSION-HOUSE. _ - A Young man, named Robert Smith, who was in the . employment of Mr. Lawrence, ea dealer, of No. 12, Ni cholas-lane, was brought Before the Lord Mayor for final examination, charged with having plundered his master. Mr. Lawiene: stated that the prisoner had been in his employment as porter about seven weeks. On Saturday, witness having had reason to suspect the prisoner's in tegrity, watched him, and soon afterwards found in his greatcoat pocket some green tea, and directed one of the young men to have an eye upon him. As he was going out, witness asked him what he had in his pocket, to which he replied," Nothing." Witness then that he had some green tea ; and he declared that it was his first offence, and he begged to b forgiven. In his trbusers were found four quarter•pounds of tea, and three two ounce packets of tea in his trousers pockets. Since that time his lodgings had been searched, and two packages of tea, weighing 31b. 3 ounces, 41b. of roasted coffee, and a quantity of coffee lying loose, about 411b5., several packages of cocoa, two ounces of cliccolate, and the sum of 111. 10s. in g we re found. The evidence of Mr. - Lawrence was corroborated by William Lovett, police•constable, No. 421, and the prisoner wive committed for trial. John Shergood wns charged with having stolen a quantity of tea, the property of Mr. Russell, grocer, High-street. Borough. William Kangessier, porter to Mr. Russell, stated that on Thursday last he went with his truck to deliver some arceli in the City. After having delivered a parcel in the Minories, he went to Houndaditch, where he h a d to deliver another ; and he asked the prisoner, who was a stranger to him, where the house was to which he was going. The prisoner followed, and directed him, and, whilst he went in with the parcel, run away with the two packages 'produced, containing 12Ibs. weight of tea, value 2/. 15s. (;tl. Another witness stated that he saw the prisoner take the packages off the truck, and start off with them; and City policeman No. 650 deposed that ho followed the prisoner, and apprehended him with the property in his possession. _ _ - The Loan MAYOR—Do you wish to say anything in answer to this evidence, prisoner? The prisoner—Why, my Lord, the man asked me to mind the truck, and I was only going to take the tea to the gentleman as pur chased it, and had a right to it. Where was the harm in that? The prisoner was committed for trial. Heerich Siebrieght was charged with having robbed another foreigner of a good deal of property. Pincas \Veinburgh, a dealer in coral, residing at No. 152, Houndsditch, stated that he had been at his present lodging about eigbt days, and that the prisoner came to lodge at the same house about four days after his ar rival there. On Saturday last the prisoner left the house in a clandestine manner, and the moment he was gone witnessed missed his carpet bag, filled with clothes and a top coat. A pawnbroker of Whitechapel-road produced part of the clothes which had been stolen, and stated that they had been pawned by the prisoner. City policeman No. 612 stated that he found the pri soner on Tuesday morning at the office of the Hanove rian Ambassador, applying for his p ass p or t, t oo k hi ts into custody, and found in his possession a pawnbroker's duplicate for some of the articles produced. Witness afterwards, upon searching the lodging of the prisoner, round the carpet big and the rest of the property pro duced, which was identified by the prosecutor. The prisoner was committed for trial. 71onins Mobbs was charged with having committed one of those street robberies now so frequent. On Monday evening a carman, namsd William Jor dan, left his cart in Bishopsgate-street a few minutes, to get a meal, and upon his return missedhis tarpaulin, which cost four guineas. Upon going into Artillery-lane ho met the prisoner carrying the tarpaulin on his back. The prisoner dropped it, and ran off upon being ques tioned. The prisoner said it was all a mistake, as he was mis taken for a man of a very different character indeed. The prisoner was committed for trial. The Lord Mayor was engaged for a length of time in hearing cases of petty larceny, a species of theft which has abounded in the City to a wonderful extent, particu larly within the last few months. In fact, very few charges of any importance or interest have been under investigation during the present mayoralty at the Man sion -house; and his Lordship has been generally en gaged in adjudicating in cases which, although of ordi nary occurrence, require just as mush time and attention as cases of the most serious nature. 13 OTV kti T E Jaynes fitiobor wits charged before. Mr. Twyford with stealing a spaniel dog, valued at 21., the property of Robert Mortimer, tobacconist, of 14, Duke-street, Lincoln's Inn fields, . _ The prisoner hid another dog under his arm, when placed in the dock, of a similar breed. The prosecutor missed his spaniel from his own shop on the night of the 30:h of January, and, although he valued it highly (having been off.red 31, for it a short time previously), he took no steps to recover possession i,f it. Within the last fortnight the prisoner's wife called on him, and said that she knew a " party" who had got a dog exactly,corresponding with the one he had lost, and who would giv e it u p on payment ,of the expenses, Ho replierl,...thet, .he should do nothing of the sort, but would give the - first inatrin custody whom, he met with it, at the same . titße affecting an indifference as to the loss. On Tuesday &ins - risotto. himself went to pro. secutor's house, and said he would be the means of get ting the dog bitek again if the owner would p2y him 15s. Prosecutor's wife said it was ton bad, but she would not mind 103., and accordingly throw four half crowns •on tho counter, which_ he.- refused to take, alleging that the expenses alone nniounted to 128, 01. She then said she would pay the money if he produced the dog first, but , this he declined doing. He said it was " close handy," and he could fetch it In five minutes, but would not do so until the mtmey was paid. The prose cutor then interfered, and threatened to give the pri soner into custody; upon which he beCame very abusive, deelarel that " if they took him to Bow-street, he would screw their necks for them." Prosecutor ca!le in a policeman, and, by his advice, the prisoner was given in charge. After 'conducting him to the police station, prosecutor accompanied the officer to the pri soner's lodgings, which was found to be at 1, Garden's lane, Cow-cross, St. John-street. At this place they discovered a variety of dogs, all of Which were taken to the station, but the prosecutor's was not found amongst them. An officer who was at The police-station when the pri soner arrivel, proved that, after'offering to deliver up >the — spaniel if the pr osecutor wou ld a b an don the charge, the prisoner sent his wife to go and fetch it, desiring her " to take it to the owner, whatever intht be the conse quences." She went away with that intention, and sub sequently produced the dog, which was instantly identi fied by the prosecutor. The prisoner "said he merely picked up the dog in Vere-street, about five or six weeks ago, not knowing to whom it belonged. He hoped God would forgive him if he told a lie, it the Magistrate did not, and that was all. lie declared that he had not been out of doors from that time to the present, haring met with an accident the very night he found the dog. If picking up a dog in the street was stealing, why of course he stole it, and that was all he had to say about it. Mr. TWYPORD asked how he had come possessed of all the other dogs found at his lodgings? The prisoner replied that he had met with them ho nestly, and could call a witness who was present to prove it. A week or two ago he gave :3/. for one of them. The witness alluded to was not forthcoming. Mr.‘TwryoaD had no doubt of the prisoner's guilt, and therefore fined him 51., in addition to the value of the deg; 2/, directing his committal to hard labour for two months in default of 'payment. The prisoner—Hard labour, indeed; I shall pay the money rather than put up with that, at all events. He was then removed from the bar, and at a later period of the day a companion waited on the Magistrate, and requested a mitigation of the penalty to 51. This request was refused by 'his worship, and consequently the entire amount was paid, upon which the prisoner was liberated. CLERKEIVWELL. if illiam St ) hrs, aged seventeen, dressed in a light Taglioni, was charged by James Evers, of No. 5, Old Ivers•street, Hoxton, with having picked his pocket of a silk handkerchief. The prisoner was also charged by Mrs. Maria Dent, of Charles-court, St. John-street, Clerkenwell, with having stolen her pocket, containing two half-crown pieces and other articles. It applared that on Monday afternoon the prosecutors acre induced to enter an exhibition of wax-work and legerdemain, on Clerkenwell- green, and %bast there they were both robbed by the prisoner, who was observed to throw the handkerchief and the pocket away, on being taken into custody. Mr. Evers and Mrs. Dent identified the prisoner as having been close, to them and fumbling at their persons when they missed their prop rty ; ',their attention at the time was fixed on the gentleman who was performing legerdemain tricks ; they mule an alarm, when the pri soner was given into costoly. lie threw a pocket hand kerchi.4, a pair of comp:s'es, and a bottle away, and he dropped Mrs. Dent's empty pocket on the floor. On being searched two half-crowns were found in hit pos session. Jsmcs Tayl3r, the proprietor of the exhibition, who described himself as a "ciAnedian," a "legerdemainist," and a performer of " dexterity illusions," stated that he had engaged the place on Clerkenwell-green for the ex hibition of wax-work figures, and he conducted the "es tablishment" in a respectable way. He was performing his "deceptions" when an alarm was made that some persons had been robbed by the prisoner, who was pointed out to him. He immediately jumped over the table before him and collared the prisoner, who threw the handkerchief, &c., under the table, and he dropped Mrs. Dent's pocket. Mr. GREENWOOD—What is the price of admission ? Taylor—Only the small charge of one penny. Mr. GREENWOOD —What sort of tricks do you per form ? Taylor—Exactly the same sort as Mr. Ander son, the Wizlrd of the North. Mr. GREENWOOD—Are you as clever as that per former ? Taylor—l leave that to th:l judgment of my audience and the public. There is a great advantage in having a name. Mr. Mould (the clerk) said he had noticed the exhibi tion. Taylor appeared to be an itinerant competitor. of Madame'Tussaud, for he had already wax effigies of Tawell, HoCker, and Tapping in his collection. Mr. GREENwooD—Is that the fact ? Taylor—Yes, your worship ; I try to cater for the amusement of the public.` It is the duty of managers, and I trust my col lection is not inferior to some,of. the best. _ _ _Thurisoner, in his defence, denied the robberies. A person - know'd" Was the thief, but he did not like to expose him. He merely went to see the wax work like other people, without intending robbery. He was out of work. _ Mr. GREENWOOD inquired of the officers whether the prisoner was known ? Waddington and Duke, the officers, did not know him ; but on examining his taglioni they discovered that the pockets were out at each side of the garment, to enable him to put both arms through the holes, and when in a crowd to use his hands freely with the pockets of parties, and after extracting the property he could remain in a deliberate position with it in his hands, as it' he had not disturbed them from his pockets.—(Laughter.) This, they said, was an old and co►nmon trick with pick pi.eket3, and they had no doubt as to his being a thief., The prisoner denied all this, but he was fully com mitted for trial on both charges. SOUTHWARK. --.— HEARTLESS ROBBERY OF A PARENT.—DanieI Law rence, a young man, the son of a wheelwright, was charged with robbing his father of six sovereigns and a half, under the following circumstances: — The father, an axed man, 'stated that by dint of hard work he had saved up six sovereigns and a half, which he deposited for safety at the bottom of a. b. , x, which he kept in his bedroom ; but on Nionday he discovered the box had been forced open, and the whole of his savings taken, which were intended to have kept him out of the workhouse. Finding his son had left home and pro ceeded to Greenwich far, when he returned from that place it was ascertained he WAS the person by whom he had been rubbed, and that the money was nearly all ex pended in profligacy at the fair. The poor man seemed to be very much affected while giving his evidence, and admitted that it was not the first time he had been robbed by his son. Policeman 178 said that he went into a coffee-shop that morning. near the Surrey Theatre, and observed the prisoner with some women exhibiting money, and throwing it about as if it was valueless. That under the impression the money was improperly come by he took the prisoner into custody, risen he at once confessed that the money was taken from his father, under the circum stances already described, the greater portion of which he had squandered away in dissipation at the fair. The prisoner expressed his contrition for the offence, said that he was led astray from the paths of honesty by bad companions, whom he should for ever renottnee, and that he should alter his conduct in future. Ths Magistrate characterised the conduct of the pri. soner as bad in the extreme, and that he should stand re• mauled. WANDS WORTH. ROBBERY BY A ►SERVANT.—Est'ier Gilbert, a genteel looking young woman, 19 years of age, was charged with committing several robberies whilst in service as house maid in the family or Lionel 011iver, Esq., of Wimbledon common. . It appeared that the prisoner went into the service of the prosecutor on the 13th instant, with a character alleged to have been given her by Mr. Mount, of 55, Lower Grosvenor-street. She had not been in the situa tiona week before the family had occasion to regret her introduction into the house, and they determined to get rid of her as quickly a3 e possible. On Tuesday week the prisoner, seeing that she would be discharged, gave her mistress notice that she intended to quit her service in a month. Mrs. 011iver informed her that she could leave then, and she would ply her wages up to the end of that week. These terms did not suit the prisoner, and she would not accept them. The next day she sent her box by the coachmen to town. On Friday Barbara Stretton, the cook, missed a night-dress ; she asked the prisoner if she had seen it, but she denied all knowledge of it. On the following day the cook acquainted her mistress of her loss, and it was then discovered that several pairs of French shoes and satin slippers, lace collars, and other articles of baby's attire, were missing. The pri saner was taxed with taking these articles : she first declared her innocence, and then admitted that the pro perty was in her box in London. She begged earnestly for forgiveness, and said she would restore all the arti cles. The prisoner was discharged from the service, and went off to town. The box had been taken by the coach man to the town residence of the family in Half-moon street, and thither Mr. 011iver:at once proceeded, lest prisoner might get the box away. The prisoner having given up the money and property, was suffered to take her hex away. On the day subsequent to the prisoner's departure from Wimbledon, the cook discovered that she had been still further robbed. Several lace collars, a gown, some pieces of ribbon, and other proper had been taken from her boxes. Having mentioned this to the family, she was instructed to go to town and give the prisoner into custody. The cook procured the services of Police• constable Mount, 128 C, and they proceeded to gether to No. 8, Snead's gardens, Piccadilly, where the prisoner was lodging. The constable took her into custody, and upon searching her box found the cook's lace collars, ribbon, and gown ; she was wearing one of the collars at the time of her apprehension. He also found in the box a pair of mosaic gold ear-rings and a gold brequete seal, the property of Miss Diara 011iver, besides other valuable articles belonging to the family, who, however, declined to prosecute, leaving the prleencr to be dealt with for the robbery of her fellow servant. The prisoner, who said the would reserve her de fence, was fully committed for trial. Mr. Payseen desired the constable to make some in quiry respecting the genuinenesrof the character which Mrs. 011iver had received witii the prisoner. Discs RACRF ExPostute.—Caroline Bradford and Charlotte Young, tee° respectebly-dressed girls, about 18 years of age each, the former evidently enceintl, were charged en aentetanons with assaulting Mr. John Stone hill, a patters-designer, residing at Somers-town, Wands worth. The complainant, who is about forty years of age, stated that on Good Friday evening he was in the parlour - - the Plough public-house, Wim bledtinee enjoying himself with some friends, when the defendants, and another woman whom he did not know, came into the room, and commenced . making certain charges against him. He sat still and said nothing. The charges were to the purport that he had seduced Caroline Bradford. After a time. he rose from his seat for the purpose of leaving the house, when Caroline Selked him in the front, Charlotte attacked him on the right, and the unknowraady on the left. Between them they pinned him to the wall, and shook him so that he thought all his clothei would have tumbled off. He at last contrived to slip out of their clutches, and ran out of the house, the women folloiving him, crying " Stop him, stop the villain !" A solicitor, who appeared for the defendants, cross examined the complainant, and compelled him, with the mite'istrate's interference, to ackawledge that he had kept compeny with the defendant, Caroline Bradford, that ho had seduced her, and promised to marry her when his wife had been dead a twelvemonth, and that he had deserted her after he had ascertained that she was enceinte. Mr. PAYNTER said the conduct of the complainant was both disgraceful and cruel, but still the law _ way bound to protect The defendants. must enter into their own retogni s iances, and not go near him again. 'The defendant I3radford had her remedy , elsewhere. Lord Stanley left town yesterday, for Knowsley a k il, Lancashire. . • AERIAL MACHINES and BALLOONS TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sta,Your valuable journal contained, a few days since, a paragraph respecting the construction of another flying machine, the particulars of which ap pear to have been given in the Cincinnati Gazette. This is a subject, Sir, which, as you will remember, no great length of time back was noticed by the press of this country, and the aerial machine referred to was looked upon by many scientific men and the public as a wonderful and clever invention, calculated to be made available for useful purposes. Yet we find that the aerial machine, which was so generally talked about, although a promising infant and a sur prising model, never lived to exert its astounding mechanical powers, or to give the least proof of it,: being worthy of the patronage of the wise or the support of a discerning public. The quiet way in which this " thing of life" expired was str.kingly eon trirted to the pompous announcements and particulars which characterised its birth ; and 'the confidence and sanguine expectations which many reputed scientific men felt and displayed about it, happened to be suc ceeded by convictions and acknoWledgement that it was all humbug, although at'first they thought there was a great deal in the thing. Perhaps there was a great deal in it, but whether the great deal was likely to propel it through tlx atmosphere, or cause it to remain stock still as a cumbrous lot of ma chinery—this, indeed, may be left to able con jecture. - It! is .doubtless fair to admit that this aerial machine was originally designed to rise and fall, but from the peculiarity of its -make and shape, the rise and" fall seem to have been intended for our estimation of it; and not for elevation or depreiSion in the atmosphere. We have not long ascertained the total failure of this machine in the oil world, when we hear of an other flying machine in the new world. • It is to be hoped, however, that no countenance will be given to such a project this side of the Atlantic, and in order to point out that it would be unwise to do so, a few reasons will be given in the following lines, why flying machines cannot answer the expectations of their inventors; and why this new flying machine, which is different in construction - to that which has flown from notice, will also prove a failure. In the first place, flying machines, which are de signed to imitate the motions of birds, fall short of the power, owing to the impossibility of the finest piece of art to equal the roughest piece of nature. The tnarch of inventions and improvements. cannot fur nish a specimen of workmanship that will precisely imitate the action of a fish in water, or a serpent on land, yet machinery has something to grapple with both in the liquid and the solid. Neither can a ma chine be made to act like a bird in, the air, and these are some of the reasons. The best possible machinery that could be con centrated in an artificial bird, the size of a rook, would not impart anything like similar control over the air, to that which we observe in the real bir.l. The works however ingeniously-Tut togeth?r must necessarily act in many different forms and ways, in order to resemble the spreading of the tail, the flapping of the wings, &c., and as the action of one part Of an artificial bird would be essentially different to that of another, so the works to produce such effects must be multiplied, and the machinery indispensable to accomplish this would move a . greater weight than the wings, tail, &c., could possibly move with safety, regularity, and precision. Hence the insurmountable difficulty. The most powerful machinery that could be brought to bear would show about as much tendency to raise and guide the bird, as would the wings of a thrush affixed to a raven. I want strong machinery, com posed of very light materials, awl not only an arti ficial bird- but 4 real pig may fly ; but at present this cannot be done ; therefore aerial machines seem adapted to act upon the public mind rather than the open atmosphere. The new machine, however, for which Mr. Pen nington has obtained a patent, differs from Mr. Hew son s in many important points. Air. Pennington's plans seem more closely to resemble those which were demonstrated, about four years ago, and since at the Polytechnic lostitution. The buoyancy of his con trivance he proposes to acquire, by a number of sec tion ballons, and although, like the first American aeronaut, he prefers balloons to a balloon, still an as cending power may probably be obtained in this way. The guiding and propelling of the aerial vessels Mr. Pennington intends to effect with a steam engine of one-and-a-half horse power, and a rudder is also to be used. Now, a very few remarks will suffice to show that this scheme will end in disappointment, for it is a fact that neither balloons nor aerial machines can be guided through the air. The former can be done nothing with, and the latter must run their course, or rAther the course of the wind. _ For machinery to govern the motion of a balloon, the wings, wheels, or oars, must be in proportion to th , -; balloon, just as the wings of a bird are adapted to the size of the body. Some very able endeavours have been made to convince people that a little ma chinery at the bottom of the car will produce won drous movements ; and so they may in a room or still atmosdhere, just as a first-rate may be moved in still water, by a number of hands walking aft with a hawser. But let the ship be influenced by strong wind and tide, stout cables, and heavy anchors will not hold her, or allow the model balloon, guided by clockwork, to feel the least breeze of governing her motions; and as such a practice would tend to destroy the balloon, even if it could be adopted, we rea sonably conclude that all attempts of this sort merit marked deprecation instead of meeting, with public encouragement. It is not surprising that inexperienced men intro duce impracticable measures, when experienced men sat the example. Nor is it very singular that the guiding of balloons should be attempted in the new world, since the same thing has been talked about in the old. That such an idea should arise in the mind of an ingenious gentleman on the other side of the Atlantic, is not to . be wondered at, since a report reached the American shores, that a celebrated Eng lish aeronaut had actually guided his balloon thither, and although this report is positively known to be un true, it might have stimulated the inventive genius of the new candidate for aeronautic fame. The guiding of balloons in England having been a subject of con versation, and not a real performance, it is highly probable that the newly invented flying machine in America will end in a like humiliating manner. If such bold and. enterprising men as Messrs. Holland, Spencer, and Rush, would continue .to promote scientific undertakings, the science might advance rapidly—error would be pointed out, and unscientific displays for mercenary purposes exposed and put a stop to. We might then reasonably hope that bal looning would rise into importance, and become of real utility .—I remain, Sir, your obedient ser vant, - HENRY WELLS. THE FALLACY OF THE ORGANIC THEORY. “ Anatomy or dissection can give no insight into the cause or cure of diseases.”—The 35th clause of Sir J. Graham's New Medical Bill. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sir,—Does not the fact of scarcely two Doctors agreeing, in any case, as regards the cause and cure of diseases, prove that the knowledge which they pre tend to derive from anatomy or dissection, is com pletely fallacious ? The truth is, that anatomy cannot give an insight into the cause of diseases, since that cause proceeds from an, impurity in the blood, which can only be eradicated by proper vegetable purgation ; it has, therefore, nothing whatever to do with anatomy. The only possible use of anatomy is in the setting of bones, &c., proceeding from accidents as applied to diseases it is perfectly useless, and only leads to the contradictions so characteristic of doctors. In order to understand the above more fully, persons should compare the human body to a tree, with its roots and branches, they will then understand that when diseased it should - be treated as a whole, and not piece -meal, as doctors do, one remedy for this, another for that, and so on to the end of the chapter. The world should never forget that drainage of the land is precisely to the tree what proper purging is to the human body. This is - made manifest by the two Lithographic Prints, to be had of all the liygeian Agents, which Prints should be in the possession of all who care about their health. _ _ _ In conclusion, we will only observe, that if Sir James Graham, attempts, by any quibble, to prevent any bo'ly of men from holding and expressing opinions, however adverse they may be to the Organic Theory, or the pecuniary interests of Doc tors, he will be guilty of a great crime, not only towards this nation, but mankind generally. We use the word " quibble," because the 35th clause of his Mew Medical Bill is widely different from his first bill; that clause is most artfully and. cunningly altered, and claily aims at abrogating (if possible) the medical liberty of the - subject. Let the peo ple and Members of Parliament look to it before it is too late. Sir James Graham may, in file -place in Parliament, puff the doctors as much as he pleases ; their museums, their Greek and Latin, their Regius Professorships,* &c., (as if such ac complishments had anything to do with the cause or cure of disc:lse); but we deny his right of abridging, in any manner, the medical liberty of the subject. What the people require is this : that Doctors should pursue a true, and not an interested, theory for the cure of diseases, and we contend that their Organic Theory does not tend to that ; it is, in short, a theory * The evil of such language, when spoken by a Mem ber in the House of Parliament (unless he be prepared to show that the Organic Theory of the Faculty, about which Doctors themselves are all at sixes and sevens, is, beyond doubt, correct), must be obvious to all. The people, as a body, are totally ignorant of medicine, and therefore language such as that used by Sir James is not only beside the question, but tends to perpetuate a false theory, by which h , Pug with the rest, are sufferers. of pounds shillings anti pence, having for its oljectl° keep the patient on the sick-list as long as peeri bit i Sick people care not a rush about Museums, Greek s° Latin, Regius Professorships, &c., they want to bee,dr ed o i Most of Doctors' physic is anti-medicinal - and A I intended to cure ; it is a combination of ched uc . preparations, which can never cure diseases.. WV" . ever doctors relieve their patients it is by preieribl aperients, but they are eetcnacious of making efficient purgatives, that it is ohly a few of th e who (not making a trade. of medicine) thee' Such was the practice •'of the great Dr. J° lll , Hamilton, of the Edinburgh Infirmary.: he wa s . o physician in the true sense of the term. He4r!,,, i „ . • Aloft, a Ilygei'st in practice. Let the world read "-• book, " Hamilton on Purgatire.S." We repeat, and posterity will prove it, that 4 r. ignorance of the People generally, in medicalnot t n is alone the prop of D,octors: were it not for O n ; ignorance th's Organic Theory could not stand ° I ; minute. The people being in this state Of ignoriteT and seeing that Doctors are generally persons Of e al b , cation, leave it all to them, forgetting that theY ° re ject is to malie a trade of medicine and - war to ell diseases. Let any one read the medical publication!! and if such be not his opinion in less than sit,monthr we shall confess ourselves much mistaken td °l/ ,, Views of the Organic Theory. Doctors, as a .uv. J d: will never sanction a theory which all can nacres° The theories cf Homoeopathists Animal Magneti°l, &c., have all got the usual rider, " that-the Pa tile io must pay the fee fur advice before he can be cur Mr. Morison did away with all such quackery , 6 "( therefore Doctors run him down. - 'the 'theory of Hygeis's is the only true one—it can be practised° understood by all.—We are, Sir, yours, &c., MORISON and MOAT. For or on behalf of the body of Hygelts' -British Coller of Health, New-road, London, March 25, 1845. , . SPORTING INTELLIGENCE; NORTHAMPTON AND PYTCHLEY rp U R ACES.—TUESDAY (60ECLUDED.) THE TALLY-HO STAKES —The stewards, have ov ruled the objection, and awarded the stakes to the • ll that came in first. BETTING ON TUESDAY NIGHT.• CHESTER CUP. f t 11 to 1 sgst Cataract (taken to a large sum); 11 to 1 Semiseria—taken ; 25 to 1 agst Ct !este ; 30 toi sk' s Sorella ; 30 to 1 agst Yheomun ac-Itnuck ' • 1,000 lei ; agst the Dsan—taken; 1,000 to 15 agst Faugb-a7balfig Bto 1 agst the Irish ot—taken to a large sum V 3O 10 agst Mr. Collett's two—taken. DERBY. 18 to 1 agst Clear-the-way—taken to several hi.1.•4144,41' p .unds ; 20 to 1 agst Cobweb colt—taken ; 25 to I 6b-i Newsmonger—taken ; 35 to 1 agat Laird'o'CO ek r ° 40 to 1 agst L"rd Exeter's lot—taken. ft« Sorella and Cataract are matched for 500 each, b ore to run in the Second October Meeting D.L, the In giving 71bs. 'n • The meeting was brought to a close yesterd e YL - 0 style that must have fully satified all those wh° 7 1 ; " e t vf been instrumental to its restoration. The -o' agreeably disappointed the apprehensions e xcited ~ some showers that fell on Tuesday night was delight o 0 the sport excellent, and the attendance quite as Efiln' e ..., ;,, r° to as on the first day. In conclusion,,, we may ve nte. , predict that under so zealous and competent a mks meat, Kith such staunch, liberal, and influentia l porters as Lords Spencer, Clielterfi.4ld, SouthamP,t (ill ',ol Bentinck, and Cardigan, Sir C. lioiglitley, tit Anson, Messrs. Payne, and Bouverie (Wi make 0 . selection from a long list of patrons), with a nies,tc°4- plete stand, and one of the best of race-courses, rind ampton must become the best Spring provincial Mee in the kingdom. , The following are the restilteblWedneiday i g NI A ;d; ii7Ut The Open Stskes of 10 sovi. eacith 25 au v o winner to be s )11 for 15 0 1. Gentlemen riaers•-•,.' round and a distance. (8 Subs.) ;:- Lord Chesterfield's Now Brighton, 5 yrs, 10st 121E 4 ' $ Mr.Staudwell's Gipsy, 6 yrs, llst 216 ....... . . 5 Mr. T.• Dawson's Teresa, 4 yrs, lOst 51b . . ... ... 4 Sir C. Coekerell's Aurungzebe, 5 yrs, lOst 121 b....•• 5, Dig F Clark's Arcanus, 6 yrs,--11st 21 ..... . . ........ .to . 1 agst Arcanus, 2 to 1 agst Aur b ungsebe;. . to f 0 1 agst New Brighton. Won by a length. - • Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas, 2 mileM 1 Lord G. Thntinek'sJohn-o'Gaunt, agod, lOst 511) (Na) Mr. Osbaldeston's 50re11a,.... ... 6 0 11- Lord Warwick's Roebuck, 3 yrs, 6st 101 b— M r• .„g's left's Corranna, 6 yrs, lOst 41b,—and Mr. Manni-v Fairplay, 5 yrs, 9st 121 b, also ran. at.• 2 to 1 on Sorella, and 5 to 1 against John fa tx Won cleverly. the Northamptonshire Cup Stakes of 10 500. - (16 . the winner to be sold for 5001. Twice round. . Subs.) . Mr. Worthington's Hooton, 5 yrs, 9st 71b (Marlow), 0 Mr. Dawson's Lord Saltoun, 4 yrs, Bst 91b .... :.. . .... 5 Mr. Bouverie's Idleness, yrs, Bst 71b ................. The following also started, but sitere.,npt placed: t ip Harris's Devil-among-the-Tailors, 6 -yrs batlol.b;_.,.n."',o J. Day's Seaport, 4 yrs, Bst 91b ; dr. BertiilPS - , 1 Father Mathew, 4 yrs, Bst 91b; General Groot 0 9.: - , 0 1 by Redshank, data by Tramp, 4 yrs, Bst 1112; 1 51; Exeter's Deodara, 3 yrs, 6st slb ; and Mr. Mae' . Jess:a Hanimo:td, 3 yrs, Gst 51b. - L • 5 to 2 agst Deodara, 4 to 1 apt Idleness, .5 to I f t ,;. Seaport, 6 to 1 ag6t Hooton, and 8 to 1 "agsrl ii ` Mathew. ti Won by a length, the second beating Itileneff length ; nothing near the three. d The B?aten Handicap of 5 sous. each. Once rout ! a distance. (7 Subs.) a N Mr. Payne's Queen Mab, 6 yrs, 9st 21 b .........• $ Lord Warwick's Roebuck, 3 yrs, 6st ........... . ......... 5 Mr. Dawson's Teresa, 4 yrs, Bst 31b ....... . . ... . . ... ! . A Sir C. Cockcrell's Aurungzebe, 5 yrs, Bst - 21b ... . .. Mr. Stevenson's Moselle, 5 yrs, 7st 11/b, an d „,"4 . " Wesley's Solitude, 3 yrs, Est 71b also started —. to agst Queen Mab, taken-4 to 1 agst Solitude- 1 A• s ad I agst Roebuck. Won by a length ; the thirato, fourth close together, about a length and a• ba1.f4.1 the second ; the others beaten off. COAL DICAILICET. , Ws& Prices per ton at the close of thi market :—Buddle slap], Hartley, 16s; Carr's West Hartley, 17s; Cheste! IVO 15s 9d; Davison's West Hartley, 17s; -Hastings 1 9e; Hartley, 16s ; Holywell Main, 16s ; New Tata,c.l Old Pontop, 15s; Ord's Hedheugh, 15 s • Old Tanfie w l ".,' oela' Pontop Windsor, 14s 3d; Simpson's . Pontop, Moor, 19s ; Tanfield Moor Butes, 155 6 d ; Twi zell 1410 94; ' West Hartley, 17s; West Wylam, 15 s 9 d ; Wy , lii W. E., Bewicke and Co., 18e 6d; Gostorth, 18s 6d; 175 6d ; lledley, 17s 6d ; Hotspur, 17s ; New Warker' !77:6(; Wrickington, 15s ; Eden Main, 18s 6d East ileitown, btoOt Haswell, 20s 9d ; Hetton, 20s Gd; Hylton, 1756 d; JA,g i s 94: 1 ; 20s 3d; Pemberton, 17s 6d; Russell ' s Halos , 1,% . 45t1; Stewart's, 20s 3d ; Whitwell, , 18s 6d; Hartlepoo.l , I li 10 ; Heugh Hall, 18s 3d ; High Thornley, 17s 6d; Kel lo ,,,,,: fi gerf' South Kelloe, 18s 9d ; Adelaide,. 19s 9d ; Brown's Y_, 7- I'seS , 18s fid ; Seymour Tees, 19s ; South Durham, 185 6 ? t, l og; 20s; Cowpen Hartley, 16s 6d; Derwentwater Hartley, 16s; Powell's Duffryn Steam, 2'la Hartley, 16s.—Ships arrived, 117. • ..- CIIRIST'S HOSPITAL. — On Easter Ttlegli9:oo in whole of the scholars belonging to this 1100 01, . D K' number, according to annual custom, proceeded, lt;ipthe cession, headed by the beadles of the hospitAlt,b tR n Mansion house, where they were each regaled buns and a glass of wine. The Grecians were Pre c ob • by the Lord Mayor with a guinea, 10 s., and 5.• according to their seniority, the monitor s with 21* and the scholars generally with Is. each. BIRTHS. ro pie. On the 17th inst., at Stockwell-common, Mrs- - Thorne, of a daughter. iedi On the 19th inst., at Elm Lodge , Elstr ee, flirts, the of R. li. S. Jackson, Esq. , of a son . frbon ° On the 20th inst., at Coulsdon, Surrey, the wife of Byron, Esq., jun., of a son. t e es fdP it On the 2lst inst., at Skinner - street , Snow-hill, .--- • Lutwyche, of a son. Head On the '22d inst., at Kennington, the wife of Ol' ,-{ Davis, Esq., of a daughter. ; htld , • oil the 20th inst., at Charterhouse, Mrs. A. Ko•g a daughter. e f Of On the 21st inst., the wife of John Le eson, Egg" ib ° bury n t -square, of a daughter. r a. k , Ohe 21st inst., at Cumberland-place, Regent, (VP lion. Lady Butler, of a son and heir. It 1 4 1 8/(tA On the 18th inst., at Clifton, the lady of W. --' , Esq., of a son. 4 .010'7 On the 19th inst., in Albemarle-street, the rife °' 6 tb Coningham, Esq., of a son, still-born. • • g totli On the 19th inst., at Eastbourne-terrace, Paddlo j _ wife of W. P. Gaskt], of a son. • ifa lthv' On the 19th inst., at Camberwell, the wife of r• .00 Es On of a son. L9fII/ the 24th inst., at Grosvenor-square, Mrs. Pull er ' - - MARRIED. ---. :rr, f• it ; On the 22d inst., at St. James's, Bermondseft.,J u Fan Jones, of Great Russell-street, Bedford-square, t ° 0 0: 6 : I P ' youngest daughter of the late John Gralcy, 94' e e" 14 mondscy. a ) I r . TO °. On the 22d inst., at St. Giles's-in-the-Fields, s, i .„e . ' Barrett, of Tottenham-court-road, to Elizabeth, u'iceld*, Mr. liedgrave, of Great Queen-street, Lincoln's bell, of fli: On the 17th ult., at Edinburgh, W. G. Ctune,,,,gbt field, county of Ayr, North Britain, to M. Anne Ni...,_ el only daughter of the late John Henry Menzies, D'r $0 0 : 0 1 f On the 19th inst., at Trinity Church, Islingna bl c e: Palmer Goddard, EsKi., of Longton, Stafford§h lr6 'd.telPri • youngest daughter of J. M'lntosh, Esq., of Richinen --04, Islington. g uth lf - ir On the 20th inst., at St. Saviour's Church, -° f tll ll° ce , Mary Ann, second daughter of William Holmes( o f 00 street, Borough, to Mr. Edward Lewis Black church -street, London. ., DIED. el On the 18th inst., at Brighton, J. C. Strode , F-, 8 1",,,i, ll . On the 18th inst., at Rossall Hall, Ebenezer N't",,,bire',4,, son of E. R. Le Mare, Esq. of Belmont, Cheadle, (itotro• On the 20th inst., William Maiden, Ebil' , 6i. it Essex. aged 79. ues ter, t ;tl On the 20th inst., at Burle-hill, near bl[B llcl he co ° , Thomas Potter, Knight, Justice of the Peace for '• hest, of Lancaster, and Alderman,of the borough of lO nc rortic On the 20th inst., at Bath, Frances. Countess of Jo e relict of the late Ear of l'ortmore, aged 69. 0 l eap IP, On the 22d inst., in Nottingham-place, Major 0 ) 0 0- 34th Regiment. t t he .• On the 21st inst., at Great Cumberland- s tree , William Fraser, aged 53. yloi tl ieli d On the 19th inst., in Eaton-square, bliss biglpfari* to On the 20th inst., at Cadogan- place; Chelsea, , i. cb0, 40 of the late Lawrence Wright, Esq., of Mottrara Itll l u, ("••• On the 20th inst., at Brent Loclge, Hendon, S ara h+ 1 William Burls, Esq. • Od ell* On the 19th inst.., at Cork - street, Burling ton - g Jane, only daughter of Mr. J. Markwell. London: Printed and Published by AIURD, .0 1 / 4 No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The sun 0.110,040 Strand, in the Preeinct of the Savoy, in i the ' Middlesex, Thursday, March 27; 1545. SUFFOI ADVOW tt_3nol4ue Sherb urne, rrb'eyrBßsti.lol‘E 13 "GEIT CO NTRA 22 71. per ai WELL No 32 , M . e nsuing nu A NET secured on Hyde -park. dining and Mastic offs gardens me others for annual grot Most respor 18 44, at a The resit ticulars, Blo omsbury 18.11Uckler ESsEx_ l , bESIRAI3I o bt7:::aensuing . de cease ltsoftti i iCitt:erißani:ldtlhNae ho t , ,uctive land let on loam tenant, for a 6 t450i, per More dee, Nara . aquae llettler b tn 1t4 0,6 4 tOrteri, • t h t g of, 11tt y th ."'lo ( 1 14 or br ''. b uk . 4 1v ii• o at % rtr i ts klq hlet 4 hit7 l for P h t:o 41 1 , ) 111 1' e s.uh ' C,;„ r tAar 4 11'sj i 0r * litre ' .b .oxes r s , ttillixtlret.