The Sun. — London, England, 1868-10-02 00:00:00

SOCIAL SCIENCE CONGRESS, BIRMINGHAM, WEDNESDAY. The rational Association for the Promotion of Social Science has returned to its old love. In the town in which it held its first, it has to-day commenced its twelfth annual congress, under the presidency of the Earl of Carnarvon. Opinions may differ as to the desirableness , of Birmingham as a place of residence, but no dispute can arise as to its qualifications for such a gathering as the present; and if the Congress be not a success it will be from no fault of its locale. The headquarters of the Association are at the Exchange, a building erected in 1865, at a cost of £25,000. Here is the reception-room, which is almost perfect in its appliances and adjuncts, and is in close proximity to the principal street, hotels, and railway stations. The Library of Queen's College, the Midland Institute Lecture-Theatre, the Guardians' Board room, the Reference Library in Ratcliff-place, and the Fr:ends' Meeting-house and School-room are the other public bur.ding,s devoted to the business purposes of the meeting. The programme this year is a good and varied one, and in audition to the ordinary work of the sections, a meeting is contemplated of working men in the Town Hall, and an address by Miss Carpenter, on " Education in India," on Friday. It seems odd that the committee should have fixed on the same night for the meeting and address, but possibly they thought a counter attraction to the eloquence of the lady orator would be well, to prevent her having an audience inconveniently large for the building in which she will hold forth. To-morrow night the Mayor receives the visitors in the Town Hall, in which place also the Soirée will take place on Monday. The only excursion is to Dudley, on Saturday, when the caverns will be illuminated. The dinner of members and associates is fixed for Tuesday evening. One of the most eagerly anticipated papers is that for which a prize of £25, given by Mr. W. R. Lloyd, has been awarded by the council. This essay is on the best and most feasible plan for the temporary employment of operatives and workmen in casual distress. It will be read in the section of Economy and Trade, when the author's name will be made public. _ _ _ The proceedings of the Congress were opened with divine service this afternoon in St. Philip's Church, the preacher being the Bishop of Worcester. At eight o'clock the members and associates met in the Town Hall to hear the President's address. I believe that this, the chief building in the town, will acccmmodate more than 3,000 persons sitting, and that at great political meetings it has contained an audience of 7,000 standing. It is very taste• fully decorated, and altogether will bear favourable com parison with any other room of the kind in the kingdom. After the usual preliminary business the Earl of CARNAR TON rose to deliver the inaugural address. His lordship took up those subjects of public interest which have so long occupied the public mind. He first referred to the two grave questions, whether private property at sea should be exempt from capture during war, and under what circumstances a change of nationality ought to be authorised. On these points he would express no opinion, especially as the latter question was soon to be answered by the commission, of which Lord Clarendon was the chairman. Passing then to the subject of sanitary science, he remarked that our ancestors had, up to a certain point, shewn great regard for the preservation of health. The drains of mediwval monasteries and houses were so large that they were often mistaken for sub terranean passages. But it had remained for modern civilisation to organise rules governing these matters. Medical science had taken sanitary science as a part of itself, and the latter had connected itself with the highest questions of politics, of administration, of trade, of physiology. As to the scanty legislation of the last session on this subject, his lordship called attention to the Pharmacy Act, the Vaccination Act, the Act for the Improvement of the Dwellings of Artisans and Labourers, and the Poor Relief Act. With regard to artisans' dwellings, the subject could hardly be over-rated. In the agricultural districts the accommodation for the labourer was very poor indeed, but there were not the dangers of overcrowding 'which existed in towns. In these this evil was severely felt. Even public improvements in the opening of new streets and the construction of fine buildings diminished an already too scanty accommodation, raised rents, increased overcrowding, and aggravated the distress. In Paris the evil had been recognised, and an attempt had been made to remedy it by suburban villages and cheap trains. In England but little had been done towards its removal ; and the Act of last session could not be considered final. Strong objections were entertained, and not without reason, to State intervention in these matters ; and it would doubtless be best if the desired end could be secured by the joint action of the private owners of property and of the local authorities ; but, failing this, the evil was so great, and went so deeply down into the roots of society, that larger and bolder measures might become necessary. The water supply of the metropolis next engaged attention. His lordship spoke very strongly on its " discreditable deficiencies," and declared it inferior to that of ancient Rome, to the modern Marseilles and Lyons, and to that of nearly all our great towns. Parliament, he hoped, would soon move in this matter. In answer to the question, "Should Reformatory Treatment be extended to Adults ?" his lordship gave the affirmative. In connection with this subject, he made some interesting remarks :—"I personally have long enter tained and expressed my opinion, that repeated re-con victions, even for minor offences, ought to be treated with far greater severity than is now the case, and that for the sake of the offender, of society, and of the economical adminstration of the law, the withdrawal for any lengthened periods of the criminal from his companions and the opportunities of crime, would be both the most effective and the most humane treatment." From the prison the noble lord passed to the workhouse, and the casual ward received his severe condemnation. On the whole subject, he admitted that as yet long sentences, were the only means of getting rid entirely of the lowest grades of society. But certainly some uniformity in the, administration of the poor law might be looked for. Here the guardians were lax, and their accommodation of the best ; there they were severe, the police were employed, the keenest scrutiny was made, and their accommodation was comfortless. After some remarks on prison discipline, the important alteration in the execution of prisoners was touched upon. His lordship delighted in the change. He thought that death being more impressive, would be more feared by the class whom it was intended to awe. At the same time he. would have strenuously opposed it had he regarded it as a step towards the total abolition of capital punishment. He thought capital punishment necessary, holding it as a theory. But apart from abstract theories, the preponderating weight of evidence given by those who might be reasonably presumed to understand best the criminal classes and the motives that influence them, was distinctly favourable to the retention of the penalty of death in certain cases of murder. The question of education was next discussed at great length. The old idea as to the ignorance of the lower class being necessary to the safety of the other classes had exploded, and we were now casting around us for a system of educa tion to apply to England. The "common school" of America had been pointed out as the proper model. There were many objections to it, however. Hitherto, volun taryism, self-government, denominational and, con sequently, religious instruction, with a certain amount of State aid and inspection, have been the accepted principles of English primary education. Speaking cautiously, but looking to the circumstances and feeling, as well as the wants of the country, he hardly saw how they could altogether dispense with any one of these principles. They might perhaps add to them, recombine them, but the uniform conversion of a voluntary into a compulsory, of a religious into a secular system, was neither necessary nor desired. The concurrence of a per missive and compulsory power, in which some persons had sought for a compromise, was open to obvious objec tions, and presented difficulties, doubtless, of many kinds ; but extreme logical precision would probably not be required, and the State should, in carrying out whatever changes were necessary, do as little violence as might be to existing agencies. With regard to technical educa tion, his lordship admitted its importance, its neces sity : only remarking, of all technical education— whether of the higher grades of professional life, or of those lower paths with which the manual labour of the individual artisan was concerned—that its basis must be laid in sound principles of elementary instruction ; and that the later teaching was dependent upon the earlier. - Trades unions were next criticised. His lordship declared a benefit and a trade society to be impossible in existence together in one organisation. Arbitration he advocated for trades disputes if the present state of things existed. But co-operation was swiftly replacing the status quo. To co-operation we must look for a settlement of the capital and labour question. The legislation of last session the noble lord described as "a wilderness of legislative failures." Nevertheless, some measures were passed worth notice. There was the Act relat ing to railways, which was valuable as far as it went. But they saw looming in the distance larger questions, in which vast public interests were involved, and they could already hear voices raised in favour of the State becoming the owner of the gigantic and anomalous railway system which covers the face of this country. That there were analogies to be found in other countries, and that there might be sound arguments of efficiency, of economy, of civil and military policy for a State control of the railways, was as certain as that there w . ere very grave objecti ons t o th e p urc ha: 3 e by the of between £4,000,000 and ,k5,000,a)0 rth of such property. Whenever the question was ripe for discua.sion, lie hoped that it would be decided with the care and impartiality which it deserved, and that neither sensational cow:it:era- Cons, nor personal ineouveniences, nor private interests, nor—last, but worst of all —party or political objects, would be allowed to influence the final conclusion. With a reference to the purchase of - , the telegraphs, arising out of the last subject, his lordship went on to speak of international coinage. The various schemes for equalising the coins of different countries he discussed at length, and admitted, in conclusion, that many prejudices must be thrown aside if the matter was to be finally and satisfactorily treated. Meteorology was the only remain ing subject, and the discoveries in this science were treated and commented upon. It now only remained to pay a tribute to Lord Brougham, whose death h a d d eprived the society of its founder, its president, and its BIRMINGHAM, Tifirnsiut, In the matter of general arrangements the committee of the Social Science Congress might very well take a lesson from their brethren of the British Association. It is somewhat invidious to institute comparisons, but to anyone who has been in the habit of attending the meet. ing of the two bodies, the superior administration of the latter is strikingly apparent. One doesn't like to grumble when there appears to be every disposition to conciliate and oblige, or a hundred little things might be mentioned to show that detail is not the forte of the authorities of the Social Science Congress. Many an omission might be pointed out which, if rectified, would materially conduce to the comfort of the visitors. The address of the President has not given rise to much criticism to-day, probably because it contained no very salient points, and was innocent of anything like origi nality. To tell the truth, it tell rather flat on the audience, which, though up to the average, looked compa ratiyely small in the huge Town Hall, notwithstanding the addition of a number of the working classes, who, to the credit of the committee be it said, were admitted free to the large gallery at the end of the room. At no one passage, except that referring to Lord Brougham, was the ' a fact due in some measure to the wretched CllCCrillg, grea t; . elocution of the earl, who read in the monotonous tone which, unfortunately, one too often haws in church. Had a little more life been thrown into it therelvould have been less complaint of the length of the address, which after all was its greatest fault. Ten o'clock this morning found the major portion of the members and associates assembled in the Friends' Meeting house to bear the opening address of the President of the Educational Aepartment. What the feelings of the general audience may have been as they rose to-day, I am unable to say, but Ido know that the' reporters here put in an appearance at the breakfast-table, animated with senti ments not altogether charitable as they thought of the task that was before them. Somehow or other the Right lion. Lord Lyttelton won't report. According to his lordship's own statement the man has yet to be born who shall faith fully reproduce him. To which it may be replied,, that the coming man will certainly have to enter into a contract with nature for special acoustic arrangements. Of Lord Lyttelton it may with all confidence be said, " When the car heareth itblesseth him ;" but the mischief is, that in nine cases out of ten it is a moral impossibility for the ear of the reporter, keen as it is by practice, to make a pretence of following his lordship—and then he is not blessed. After the address, which is given below, an adjournment took place to the various sections of the four departments of Jurisprudence and Amendment of the Law, Education, Health, and Economy and Trade—the arrangement of the council being that a series of special subjects should be dealt with first in each section, to be followed by brief voluntary papers as far as time permitted. Amongst the former subjects brought forward to-day were, in the section devoted to International Law, Mr. Vernon Harcourt, Q.C., president, "Under what circumstances ought change of nationality to be authorised ?''—in the Municipal Law section, " Is it desirable to reorganise our courts, superior and local, and, if so, on what system?"— and in the section treating of the repression of crime, Sir Walter Crofton, C. 8., chairman, "Ought the principles of the reformatory system, including voluntary manage ment, to be extended to adults ?" The old question of the desirableness of an in coinage was discussed in the section of Economy and Trade ; while the questions, " What ought to be the functions and authority of medical officers of health?" " What measures are required for the further improvement of the Universities of Oxford and Cam bridge ? " and " To what classes and on what conditions should outdoor relief be administered?" severally occupied the attention of those attending, and they were many, the Health, Education, and Economy and Trade Depart ments. To-morrow the Right Hon. W. N. Massey will deliver an address, which is anticipated with much interest, in the department of . Jurisprudence, over which he presides. To Mr. Phipson Beale will probably be accorded the distinction of bringing forward the subject exciting most curiosity, that gentleman having prepared a paper on the position of the public as against a railway company which desires to increase its fares. It has been suggested, and not altogether without reason, that the directors of the various lines of railway should Lave been invited to hear the arguments and to answer them if possible. This is, I suppose, the first time that so many ladies have taken pare in the proceedings of the association. I do not mean as visitors and associates—they always muster strong in those capacities—but as the authors of papers. This year nine at least will introduce subjects fcr discussion, one or two of that number having a couple or evenings. The Birmingham will, I suspect, be hereafter known as " the ladies' meeting." The visitors to the Congress have been invited by the authorities to attend the ceremony of unveiling a very handsome statue of Watt—not the "Busy Bee" man, but the engineer—on Friday. The statue stands in a capital position close to the Town Hall, and will add another to the several really fine specimens of the sculptor's art with which the streets of the town are enriched. The Jurisprudence and Amendment of Law Depart ment was occupied to-day with hearing a paper by Sir Walter Crofton, on the best means of repressing crime. The lecturer dilated upon the great danger to society from the criminal class. Criminal vagrants formed a powerful class, kept when "out of work" by the autho rities, at the casual ward. They were irresponsible, and without supervision, and wandered whither they might, and did what they would, without any cognisance being taken of their actions. This ought not to be so. If there were better police supervision, more systematic organisa tion, it would-not be so. What was wanted was a central authority to guide the police establishments throughout the Country. From each' locality thorough commu nication should be had with the head office. In each district there should be kept a register, containing the names and descriptions of all " commits on license." Those who were known by repute to be thieves or vagabonds should- not- be allowed to roam here and there without any watch being kept on them. It should not be held that a man, having expiated his crime by imprisonment, no longer required any supervision. That was carrying the doctrine too far. It was because ..of. looseness in this particular that crime was comparatively so easy. Supervision was required, and should be strictly, though judiciously, exercised. Thus crime in', contemplation would be discovered, and prevented. The criminal, finding it hard to steal, would seek some other means of livelihood. These means should certainly be provided for him. Now, if a man of bad character sought employment, determining to lead a reformed life, he sought in vain, and was thus driven for ustenance back again into his evil courses. But if work were ready to hand he could have no such excuse. For discharged convicts especially it was necessary to make provision, that they might perchance be led to become honest and industrious. In the Educational Department Lord Lyttelton delivered an address, in which he presented an exhaus tive view of the education question. He commenced by striking at the idea that education was meant to make children wiser. More than this should be aimed at. They should be taught at school to be obedient, per severing, prudent. In a word, the real object of the schoolmaster should be to form the chazacter of his pupils. To do this effectually he must teach them religion, must instruct them to be Christian, and must lead them to apprehend the duties which Christianity required of them. Unless he did this, his work would be very defective indeed. At the same time there was a great difference between the education given at different establishments. A day-school, for instance, was merely a machine for teaching, where the children were turned out to be educated as their parents or guardians thought fit at home. But a boarding-school was not so. There the teaching and the education must go together. The principles inculcated must come forth in action, and it was the duty of the master to see that it did so. To the day-school the Conscience Clause might be applied ; to the boarding-school it could not possibly be applied. His lordship then went on to the subject of university education. Speaking of the reforms which have recently taken place at Oxford, he approved of the system of non-residence lately introduced. At the same time there were advantages connected with colleges, and the rild system, which could not be expected to be found in the new. But the theory of a university—open to all—should be carried out. Though the university should not be closed against any one, the same rule did not apply to colleges. As a basis of university education, he believed and strongly recom mended the old reqinze—classics and mathematics. But these should not stand alone. Other studies were required, and should be encouraged by every possible means. Passin g t o th e su bj ec t o f endowed schools, his lordship insisted very emphatically on the necessity which existed for reform. They should be consolidated and re-organised. Bad trustees, who did not understand their position, or used their i n fl uence wrong f u lly, s h ou ld be removed, and new ones who could be depended upon ap pointed. Funds, too, mismanaged and wasted in one place or schools, might be transferred to other and mon efficient schools. Passing to the relations between the Church and education his lordship was th oroug hly in favour of compulsory education, which he regarded as necessity. He agreed with the views of the royal commission on technical education. As to female education, he would not accept as proved the proposition that the minds of boys and girls were equal and capable of the, same culture. Yet at the same tune he thought that the female sex might well complain of the injustice of being excluded from the advantages of most of the great endow, merits. The address was enthusiastically received by a crowded audience. In the section of Health, the report of the joint com mittee of the British Medical and Social Science Associa tions on the state of medicine was read. The document says that the joint committee met on the Ist May, their work being to decide what steps should be taken to prevent the introduction of further complications by fresh legislation. The committee desire to see such an amendment of the present system of the registration of the causes of death as will malce the registrar's certificate a reality, instead of lysing, as is too often, merely an illusion. They enter tain the belief that the facts to be elicited by the inquiry will go far to settle the questions in regard to which doubt exists, whether the functions of superintending registrar and medical assessor can be combined in the hands of the officer of health, and whether the duties of officer of health are compatible with private practice. The views of the committee.were embodied in a memorial, and an interview was had with the Lord President of the Council, the Secretary of State, and Poor-law President, the result of which interview they believe will be the issue of the royal commission. The document then refers to the bill for the the improvement of the dwellings of artisans, and depre. cates some of its provisions. It concludes by expressing a strong conviction that ere long they will witness the triumph of the great principles which have long corn. 41 , 44.944 120 DAiie agent of Ow two mociatious, THE CHURCH CONGRESS. The sessions of the Church Congress were resumed on Wednesday. At the opening of the meeting the Arch bishop rose and said he wished to speak in reference to some thing ho had said the previous afternoon. Perhaps he asked too much of human nature when he asked them, if, by chance, they should dissent from, or disapprove of, any word which was spoken, that they should express that dissent merely by their silence. He apologised at the same time for the "bull," ex pressing dissent by silence," which, however, being himself born in this city, ho had a good right to make. What he now wanted to ask of them was something a little different from that. It was this :It was told him that there were some faint sounds heard which it would be as well not to be heard within these walls. He now asked of them, if they disapproved of any thing, they would simply say "No, no." A "No, no" simply expressed dissent from the thing spoken, but another sound expressed dislike of the person speaking. He would ask of them not to give expression to a sound that would tend to show dislike to the person speaking. Hissing was not a human utterance. It would, therefore, be best that it shou' d bealtogether abstained from by them.— The Dean of Cashel then read a paper on Church Work and Life in Ireland. Ito contended very strongly for more unity. The cathedrals should be centres around which the cler gy must rally, and the bishop should occupy the position of father of his flack in "the centres of church life." The 11ev. Alexander Irwin con tinued cn the same subject. He enlarged on the laborious character of the parochial work in Ireland—and taking up the subject of the education of the young, showed the difference between the two systems of Sunday-school teaching. "In our Sunday-school classes rich and poor, the children of the employers and the em ployed, of the farmers and the farm labourers, aro combined together. And, further, at the time of Divine service, instead of the scholars being all placed together in seats set apart for them, thus preserving the character and appearance of a school in the house of God, our Sunday schools break up before the service begins, and the young people sit with their parents, and aro not ranged under a schoolmaster or mistress. lie concluded as follows Those who really know what the Irish Church has done and is doing in the coun try, its exe: tions to elevate the standard of morals, to check the growth of superstition, to ameliorate the condition of the people, and to save the souls of mon by making known the Gospel of Chr;st, will, I am sure, join with one voice in saying a Destroy it not, for a blessing is in it.'" A discussion followed in which Dean 111'Neille taking part raised his favourite topic, the wickedness of Rome. The Church in Ireland, he said, was surrounded by special dangers ; she was exposed to political conspiracies. The system of the Church of Rome was not simply to attack what she considered erroneous doctrine—it was not a mere divergence from her that they had to meet, but . a politi cal conspiracy against the political liberties of man kind Against her they protested. They had the cry of re ligious equality, but the Church of Rome repudiated equality and claimed unconditional submission. Justice should be the cry—the common standard between Rome and England. Eng land's standard was equal liberty to all -Rome's standard was dominion over all. There could be no equality with Rome— Protestantism and Bomanism should be always in antagon ism until one party or the other was subdued. They must have a victory before they could have peace. They must overcome or they must submit to Rome. Ergland must either retain the supremacy of her sovereign, or she must yield to the supremacy of a foreign sovereign.—The Bishop of Oxford, in closing the meeting, ventured to say that he could not believe it possible that a Church contain ing men capable of speaking and acting as that morning had shown—speech and action based upon the highest Christian principles and understanding— guided by the knoWledge and application of all the rules which the Church of Christ bad received and embodied—he could not believe it possible that such a body could really be approaching any great destruction to her usefulness or any lasting diminution of her fame. —The observations of the right rev. prelate were applauded to the echo. At two o'clock the Congress again met, the Bishop of Meath occupying the chair. The subject for discussion was, " How the Church can best secure and retain the attachment of her younger members." A paper was read by the Rev. Edward Jackson recommending a judicious system of association as the best pacific. The Rev. F. W. Farrar, in another paper, laid down some principles which, if carried out, would, in his opinion, effect the desired object. The first and chief was, " that neither the congregation, nor the bishlps, priests, and deacons, were the Church of Christ." The second was the appointment of teachers who would have sympathy with the spirit of the age. The third and last principle was toleration. He thought toleration was the beat preservative from that worship of opinion which was the fruitful source of all the indif ference towards the Church now prevalent. The Rev. H. H. Dickinson expressed an opinion that the teaching in Sunday-schools was excessive in quantity and deficient in quality, and that excessive religious learning had the effect of estranging the young from the church. He gave the following case in point to illustrate his argument During the Social Science Congress a Geneva baron, who was staying at the house of one of his parishioners, was asked to go to church on Sunday, but refused, saying: "You see, sire, I had a mother who was one very pious woman. She made me go to church one, two, three times a day, and I have made a calculation that I have gone to church once every Sunday until I be 80 years of age; so when I am 80 years of age I will begin to go to church again." Mr. Dickinson offered some suggestions as to the mode of instructing children so as to give them a greater interest in the church, and attach them to their pastor. The Rev. Dr. Hannay, of Belfast, mentioned, among other causes which detached children from the church, the unsuitability of the services, and the fact that the Sunday-school was often regarded as a substitute for the church. The Dean of Cork expressed dissent from some of the views which had been enunciated. He thought it was a fallacy to speak of the Church sympathising with the spirit of the age. It was the part of the Church, he said, to ascertain what the spirit of the age meant, not to listen too much to the craving desires and earnest cries of the rising generation. lie held also that there was an important distinction between toleration of opinions and charity towards persons. He had no toleration for opinions, while he had every toleration for persons. The Rev. J. Nicholson, of Dundee, put a pertinent inquiry to the Gongs ess. He said there were 30,000 members of the Irish Established Church in Glasgow and its neighbourhood, and 2,000 in Edinburgh, and he wished to know what had the United Church of England and Ireland done for them. They should not lose sight of the fact that there were 35,000 or 40,000 of these children in Scotland. The Rev. Mr. Bardsley, of Lancashire, also spoke on the subject. Ile thought the best plan for retaining the attachment of the young was to have their minds well stored with the Word of God in the Sunday school. Mr. Henry Clarke, of Liverpool, admitted the value of the Sunday-school, but argued that the present plan of retaining their attachment after they left the Sunday-school had signally failed. He attributed the failure to the pew system. The Rev. Dr. Trinder suggested that there should be a distinctive service in the church suited to the young. The discussion was con tinued by the Rev. Henry Rowley, the Rev. Edmund Lee, of Brighton, and the Rev. Dr. Webster, of Cork. The latter mentioned that he had announced a plan of cate chising the young in presence of the congregation, and repeating their answers aloud. He was at first opposed, but the people were now pleased with it. He recom• mended that clergymen should sympathise with the young. This closed the session for the day. Her Majesty has been graciously pleased to confer the vacant ribbons of St. Patrick upon the Marquis of Waterford and the Earl of Erne. At the last meeting of the Chester board of guardians, one of the members, in calling attention to the increase of tramps, said as many as seventy people were lodged in a space only appointed to accommodate twenty-two. A notice of death in a North Wales contem porary contains the following addendum :—" He was a moral young man, and a devoted member of the Church of England ; and though he had been brought up in a public house, he never tasted a drop of ale during his whole life." —Ostcestry Advertiser. A NEW PHASE OF AN OLD NUISANCE.—Mrs. Murphy, the wife of the " Protestant Electoral Union lecturer," gave the first of a series of Anti-Popery lectures on Wednesday evening, at Hulme. No attempt was made by the authorities to prevent the building being used for the purpose, although this was the place where Murphy was forbidden, upon recognisances to keep the peace, to hold a meeting about a month ago. A large force of police was held in readiness, and Captain Palin, the chief con stable, was in the neighbourhood of the lecture-room, but nothing occurred to render their intervention necessary. STRANGE CASE OF ROBBERY.--At the Bow street Police-court, a young man named Charles Fah field has been charged with stealing coins, worth £250, from the United Service Institution, of which he was a member. It seemed that another member of the Institution bought a coin at a money-changer's, and shewed a "rubbing " of it to the secretary, who at once recognised it as an impres sion of a coin that belonged to the Institution. The police were employed, and soon ascertained that the accused had sold a badge and a number of coins, all of which had bet n stolen. At the prisoner's house no fewer than three hundred coins were found, which he acknowledged having purloined, The case was I . rual?ded, • THE SUN, .LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, OCTOBER 2, 1868 SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. BROMLEY AUTUMN MEETING.-THURSDAY. The Beckenham Stakes (Handicap) of 5 soya each, 2 ft (to the fund), with 30 added. Mr A. Heathcote's Ampleforth, by Thormanby— Saxony, Bst 21b (Marsh) 1 Mr. Webb's Mathilde, Bst (car Bst 11b) (Payne) 2 Mr Knight's Emelina, 7st 71b (5. Adams) 3 Redbreast and Congratulator also ran. Betting-2 to 1 agst Ampleforth, 3to 1 agst Mathilde, and sto 1 agst the others. Won by a neck. The Bromley Plate of 50 sous (Handicap). Mr Abron's War Queen, by King Tom—Amazon, 3 yrs, 6st 71b . (Spencer) 1 Mr Stone's Tina, 5 yrs, 7st 121 b (Prior) 2 Mr Arthur's Spitfire, 3 yrs, ist 41b (Penfold) 3 Volhynia, Frog►nore, and Dr. Wilson also ran. Be. tiag-5 to 4 agst Tina, 4 to 1 agst Volhynia, 6 to 1 agst War Queen, and 10 to 1 agst Spitfire. Tina jumped off with the lead, closely attended by Frogmoro and War Queen, Volhynia bringing up the rear. Won by half a length. The Railway Steeplechase Handicap of 5 sous each, 2 It (to the fund),. with 40 added. Mr T. P. Sheldon's Taw Vale (late Vindicator), by Vin dox—Agra, aged, 12st llb (Mr. J. Edwards) 1 Mr Coslett's Wedding Peal, 6 yrs, lOst 131 b (Mr. Hobson) 2 Mr Stone's Patience, aged, list 101 b.. (Potter) 3 _ The following also ran:— Crusade, Ganymede, Chance, and Redbourne. Bating-7 to 4on Wedding Peal, 6to 1 cast Gany mede, and Bto 1 asst Taw Vale. Won by two lengths. A Sel:ing Stakes of 3 sovs each, with 25 added ; two year olds ist 91b, three 9st, four 9st 41b, five, six, and aged 9st 71b. Mr Weston's Miss Emily (late Valerian), by Newcastle —Emily, 5 yrs, 9st 4lb (£SO) Mr Jarvis's First Fiddle, 2 yrs, Est 91b (£3U) (Spencer) 2 Mr Stevens's Congratulator, 2 yrs, Est 121 b. (pO) (Skelton) 3 The following also ran :—Weatherbreaker, Poleaxe, Patti, and Licymnia. Betting-2 to 1 agst Patti, 3to 1 agst Licymnia, 4to 1 agst Miss Emily, and 6 to 1 agst First Fiddle. Miss Emily got off with the lead and made the running, but was caught in the last stride by Licymnia, who passed the post by a head. On returning, however, to scale, she was found to have carried 31b short weight, and the raco was awarded to Miss Emily, First Fiddle being placed second, and Congratulator third. A Hurdle Race Plate of 50 sous (Handicap). Mr R. Hill's Atalanta, by Volunteer—Ghoorkah's dam, 6 yrs, list 41b (car. list 51b) (Mr. Wod-house) 1 Mr 'l'. Goddard's Diadem, 3 yrs, lOst 111 b (inc. 71b ex.) (0 Goddard) 2 Mr flobson's Arundel, 4 yrs, list 21b (Elphick) 3 The • following also ran : —lsabel, Douro, Sneaking Lawyer, Peggy, Dr. Wilson. Betting-5 to 4 agst Arundel, 4to 1 agst Isabella, and 7to 1 agst the others. Won by a head. A Match for £l5O ; 10st each. Half a mile. Mr Jarvis's Maid of the Mill, aged (Owner) 1 Mr Miles's Horncastle (late Napier) aged...(H. Jackson) 2 Betting-3 to lon Maid of the Mill. Won by three quarters of a length. The Bickle, Stakes (Handicap) of 5 sous each, 1 ft (to the fund), with 30 added. Mr T. Stevens's Congratulator, by Prime Minister— Salute, 2 yrs, 6st 61b (Skelton) w.o. The Bromley Autumn Cup of 20 soya in specie, added to a Sweepstakes of 3 sous each, for horses that have never won a flat race value 30 soya ; three year olds lOst, four lOst 71h, five, six., and aged list. Mr Ambrose's Peninsula, by Arthur Wellesley—Dew drop, 3 yrs, lOst 41b (Deacon) 1 Mr J. Nightingale's Ulan, 3 yrs, 9st 111 b ...(S Spencer) `2 Mr Prior's Brilliant, 3 yrs, lest 41b (Prior) 3 Mr Hurd's Pharaoh, 3 yrs, I.ost (car. lOst 31b). (Mr Hatton) 0 Betting-7 to 4on Ulan sto 2 agst Peninsula. Won easily by a length and a half.' < LEICESTER MEE TING7-TISURSDAY. The Belvoir Plate of 40 ‘sous ; three year :olds lOst 61b, four list 51b, five and upwards list 101 b. Mr J. Swann's Caprice, ly Knight of Kars—Captious, s.yrs, list 71b (Owner) 1 Mr G. Archer's Number Two (late Rosette), 3 yrs, lOst 31b (Mr Spafford) 2 Mr J. Davis's Nemo, aged list 71b (Webberson) 3 The following also ran :—Knighton, Rigolette, Bed lamite, Esmeralda, Whiston, and Anne. Betting— 5 to 2 agst Caprice, 3 to 1 agst Number Two, 4to 1 agst Esmeralda, and 6to 1 agst Nemo. Won in a canter by five lengths. The Scurry Plate of 50 sovs, added to a Handicap of 5 sous each, 2 ft. Capt. Christie's Salliet, by Trumpeter—Loo, 6 yrs, Bst 121 b _ _ Mr Stevens's Chateau Margaux, 3 yrs, 6st 1216 (Jas. Clark) 2 Mr Smith's Cornet, 3 yrs, ist 71b (including 71b extra) (Hammond) 3 Seamew and Cheddington also ran. Betting-6 to 1 agst Salliet, 3to 1 agst Seatnew, 100 to 30 agst Chateau Margaux, and 6 to 1 agst Cheddington. Won easily by half a length. The Leicestershire Handicap of 10 sovs each, 3 ft, with 100 added; the second to receive 10 sovs out of the stakes. Ur T. Eskrett's Edinburgh, by Mountain Deer— Honesty, 6 yrs, 7st 131 b (G. Sopp) 1 Mr J. Dover's Ligurian, 3 yrs, 6st 121 b (Kenyon) 2 Mr G. Taylor's Tribune, 5 yrs, 7st 81b ...(W Barnard) 3 Success also ran. Betting-2 to 1 agst Ligurian, sto 2 each agst Su-cess and Tribune, and 4to 1 agst Edinburgh. Won cleverly by a head. The Selling Plate of 30 sovs ; two year olds 7st 31b, three 9st 11b, four 9st 121 b, five lOst, six and aged 12st 21b; mares and geldings allowed 31b. Mr Josh's Retirement, by Buccaneer—Recluse, 3 yrs, 7st 51b (£3O) (Huxtable) 1 Mr Dover's Prevention filly, 2 yrs, sst 71b (£3O) E x pansion, 2 yrs, sst 71b (ca r . bet 91b £3O) (Crickniere) 2 Mr J. Wood's (B. Rolfe) 3 Betting--Even on Retirement, 2 to 1 agst the Preven tion filly, and 4to 1 agst Expansion. Won, after a good race, by a neck. The Towu Plate of 100 sovs (Handicap); winners of any handicap after Sept. 24, at ten a.m., 71b extra. Mr Si;;;; ; ;; Ambition, by Brother to Bird on the Wing —La Bolls Alice, 5 yrs, 7st 21b (Kenyon) 1 Mr J. J. Raworth's Jenny Mills, 3 yrs, 6st 9113...(8ut1er) 2 Capt. Christie's Salliet, 6 yrs, 9st 51b (inc. 71b extra) (Grimsliaw) 3 Duchess also ran. Betting-7 to 4 agst Duchess (at first sto 4 on), 3to 1 each agst Ambition and Jenny Mills, and 4 to 1 agst Sal liet. Won cleverly by a neck. The Gopsal Park Stakes of 10 soya each, 3 ft, with 50 added, for two year olds; colts Bst 101 b, fillies Bst 71b. Mr J. J. Drake's Lord of the Valley, by Mentmore— Queen Bee, 9st lib (inc. 51b extra) (Kenyon) 1 Mr Humble's Festive, Bst 41b • (Hibberd) 2 Duke of Hamilton's Pladda, Bst 71b (Metcalfe) 3 Betting—Even on Lord of the Valley, 6 to 4 agst Pladda, and 5 to 1 agst Festive. Won easily by four lengths. The County Cup Stakes, by subscription of 10 sous each ; three year olds 7st 21b, four . Bst 51b, five 9st, six and aged 9st 31b. Mr Broad's Triana, by Lord of the Isles—Seville, 3 yrs, 6st 13Ib .............................................(Jas. Clark) 1 Mr Lambourne's Court Card, 4 yrs, Bst 21b (Lynch) 2 Mr Harborough's Belle of Kars, Est 91b...(Wilberforce) 3 Betting-7 to 4on Court Card, sto 2 agst Triana, and 6to 1 agst Belle of Kars. Won cleverly by a neck. LATEST BETTING ON THE COURSE. CESAREWICH. Bto 1 agst Lady Raglan (offered) THE WESTERN MEETING, AYR. THURSDAY. Tho Western Meeting Plate of 50 sovs. Mr Steele ns Rosebud, by Sacerdos, 3 yrs, sst 91b (Gra,dwell) 1 Mr MNiven's Miss Dayrell, 4 yrs, Gst 71b (Hudson) 2 Lord Rendlesham's Royal Rake, 2 yrs, sst 71b (car sst 81b) (Cook) 3 The following also ran : —Mysterious Lady, Shamrock and Verulam. Betting—Even on Miss Dayrell, 5 to 2 each agst Vern lam and Royal Rake, and sto 1 agst Rosebud. Won by two lengths. The Corinthian Plate of 25 sous, added to a Handicap of 3 soya each, 1 ft. Mr Moffatt's Lady (Mr M'Niven) 1 Lyon, by Skirmisher, 3 yrs, 10st 8 1 b Mr Arnold's Rabbit Trap, 4 yrs, list (Marquis of Queensbery) 2 Mr T. Cansh's Highland Duck, 3 yrs, list 3lb (Mr Stirling) 3 Tyke and Falls of Clyde also ran. Betting-6 to 2 agst Lady Lyon, 7to 2 agst Highland Duck, and 4to 1 agst Rabbit Trap. Won by a length. The South-Western Sweepstakes of 3 sovs each, 2 ft, with 20 added. Mr Easton ns Puritan, by Warlo,.llc, 6 yrs, Bst 51b (£2O) (Clarkson) 1 Mr W. Cowen's De Ohre, Est 4lb (ao).. ...... (Hudson) 2 Mr Johnstone's H o l s t e i n, 6 yrs, Bet slb (£2O) (Cameron) 3 Mr T. Caush's Hi (Snowden) 4 Highland Duck, 4 yrs, B st 51 b (.£2O) Betting-6 to son De Clare, sto 2 agst Puritan. Won by a head. The Champagne Stakes (llandicar) of 5 sous each, 2 ft, ;with 60 added. Mr Johnstone's The Pries by Romulus, 4 yrs, list 131 b (Marquis of Queensbery) 1 Mr W. Walker's King Hal, 5 yrs, lOst 81b (Mr. Stirling) 2 Lord Eglinton's Catalogue, 6 yrs, list 91b (Hon. S. Montgomeriu) 3 Betting-2 to lon The Priest, 3to 1 agst King Hal, 4 to 1 agst Catalogue. Won by a head. The Eglinton Hunt Cup, value 30 guineas, added to a Sweepstakes of 5 sous each, 2 ft. Mr R. Calder's Quack, by M.D., aged, 13st (Owner) 1 Capt. Hamilton's Cartoon, aged, 13st (Col. 11. Boyd) 2 Betting-4 to lon Quack. Won by four lengths. A St. Sebastian letter, in the Liberli says : " The Duke de Montpensier has Legged the King of Por tugal to allow him to embark for Seville. His Majesty withholds compliance in the meantime. English and French vessels are expected to arrive in :support of the Queen's Clovimment." _ - NETV MIDLAND RAIL WAY, TERMINUS. One of the largest railway stations ever built, and the largest area in the world ever covered iu by- one single roof, - was, though unfinished, opened to the public yesterday. This gigantic structure is the terminus of the great Midland Railway, the size of which since its first conception has been the wonder of modern engineers. They are used to many,diffi culties, but the idea of roofing in with a single span more than 44 acres—the idea of building a single roof nearly 700 feet long by nearly: 250 feet wide—seemed exceedingly bold, yet this feat has been brought _to pass by Mr. W. H. Barlow, the engineer of the work s ; and, more than this, even the whole of this colossal structure is reared upon what may be called a crypt beneath it. It has been said over and over again, and always with most perfect truth, that London above all other cities in the world abounds with wonderful triumphs of engineering skill. This praise, however, scarcely does London perfect jus tice, for the great mass of its chief engineering works is hidden out of sight. No one sees or cares to inquire as to the stupendous difficulties which were overcome on the Underground Railway. No one knows of the labours of the Thames Embank ment, the greatest of which are buried beneath the muddy tide.' If a section of the Thames Embank ment were taken near Hungerford-bridge it would show works before which even the most re nowned Continental engineers would hesitate. For instance, the railway bridge at Hungerford is in itself a wonderful specimen of engineer ing adaptation. But almost below its founda tions comes the Embankment, and within. this, again, come the subway and low-level sewer. Within these, again, is to come the continuing link of the Metropolitan Railway; and below all, at at right angles, passes the tube of that abortive scheme, the Pneumatic Railway between Whitehall and Waterloo, which, though at a standstill, has its wonderful engineering works underneath the Thames, and serves still to point a moral alike as to mechanical science and mercantile credulity. It is, perhaps, curious to compare how we differ in engineering peculiarities from our great and most inventive cousins in America. In the States they realise to the utmost their aerial freehold, and carry every structure to the highest point available either for safety or convenience. We, on the other hand, go underground, and so get the value of our free ' hold by digging deep instead of building high. Each system, no doubt, has its peculiar advantages, and each is forced upon the respective engineers by the soil they have to deal with. In New York, deep basements would mean quarrying through rock ; in London, high buildings in narrow streets would mean shutting out light from those other houses beneath them. Thus we have to come to a sub terranean system of architecture. We have under ground railways, which now run almost all round London. Beneath these again are sewers and sub ways: Even new Smithfield Market, the largest and handsOme.st market of its kind in the world, is built entirely on vaulted roofs and colurans, beneath, which several railways meet, and feed by Means of lifts the market above with produce from every part of the kingdom. The Midland Railway Terminus at King's-cross is almost on the same plan, but, instead of meat, bitter beer is the staple which it has to accommodate and to diffase. Beer has been the exigency of the Great Midland Railway, and the storage of the casks has for some time been beyond its capacity. Some £60,000 a year was paid to the Great Northern for the use of its terminus for this purpose, but at last the Mid land found it necessary and even profitable to build a station of its own for beer. This has been done close to King's-cross, and, as we have said, the roof which covers it is the largest in the world. That of the Riding School at Moscow, which has hitherto been considered the largest, is really smaller than the span of the Midland Terminus by some feet. The Moscow roof, however, may be considered out of the competition, as within the last year or two it has been found necessary to the stability of the structure to shore it up with timber struts in order to prevent it coming in altogether. Every new metropolitan terminus shows some improvement, in the way of size and accommoda tion, on those which have gone before it. The pens with which the public were coutente I on the Lon don and Blackwell, or the semi-cattle sheds which they still have to endure on the South- Western, are things of the past. The travelling public, who pay so enormous a rental to the railways, now look for better treatment, and the railway which best accommodates them cleanly and comfortably, other things being equal, gets the most traffic—that is, of the passenger traffic, which is of all others the easiest and the best. So, with the progress of rail way travelling, the great termini have gradually risen from little sheds to lofty buildings which, of their kind, have not their equals in the world. Charing-cross station, with its span of about 168 f t., was thought for the time an innovation ; but Can non-street at once followed suit with an arch of the span of 188 ft. Now the new Midland station comes upon us with a single roof of about 245 ft. span; with a length from end to end of 690 ft. The huge cellarage, if we may so term it, is of the same ex tent as the station above—that is to say, about 4i acres. Beneath this, again, at about 25ft. below the floor of this great crypt, passes the Metropoli tan branch of the Midland Railway to King's-cross. Thus we have a huge tunnel beneath the founda tions of more than four acres of cellarage. The method of construction of this vast pile has been as simple as it has been efficacious. Cellarage was wanted beneath the station, so the ground on the allotted site was excavated out, the London clay was reached, and this in most instances was at tained at a depth of about 20f t. In no case, however, was the foundation laid before penetrating at least 2ft. into the clay ; the usual foundation of con crete was then turned in, and on this the walls which carry the great crypt or vault above the tunnel of the Metropolitan Railway, and which support the station above it all; were built. This crypt, for that is really the proper term to designate it by, is supported in the roof by about 1,100 east-iron columns, each 13in. diameter. Across these pass 50 main wrought-iron girders, which are again relieved by a series of small but strong inter mediate longitudinal girders, about 2,000 in num ber, which distribute the strain and subdivide it into the smallest amount of pressureeipon any one spot. Between these intermediate girders come " buckle" plates of wrought iron. The whole station from end to end is 690 ft., and its breadth about 243 ft., less some fractions of inches. This great covering is supported by 25 main ribs or arches, which are of a pointed or conical Gothic shape, entirely the design of Mr. Barlow. Each rib is double —that is to say, each has an upper and lower flange, with wrought-iron lattice work of Oft. depth between. Time girders or ribs, if straightened out, would be nearly 4001 t. long, and none weigh less than 50 tons. These are the main ribs of the great semicircle and the roof, all the ends of which are taken down into the earth below the platform, and bolted to the transverse beams of iron beneath the station. The method in which this roof has been built involved the neces sity of using the largest travelling stage that has ever been constructed, and to which those by means of which the Exhibitions of 1851 and 1862 were built were mere toys. This travelling stage, which altogether contains more than eight miles length of solid timber, is 100 ft. high, 210 ft. wide, and 90ft. deep, and weighs some 1,300 tons—about double the size, in fact, of Apsley-house. It has been built on an immense basis of timber, with little wheels beneath to pass over ordinary tram ways. It has been moved by mere leverage under the wheels, the gangs of men employed in shift ing it being signalled by the sound of a gong, so that all might use their efforts simultaneously. In this manner the monstrous stage has been pushed about at the rate of three inches in a minute, as it has been wanted from day to day. With this enormous pressure over a small surface no test was required as to the strength of the vaulted cellars below the station, for in point of fact no strain as great can ever again come upon them. Between each of the main ribs of the statiou are 75 interme diate ribs, all made of rolled iron, and about a foot deep. These are transverse, but along all again come in a longitudinal direction 15 purlins, or wrought-iron ribs, which extend from end to end of the whole structure, and tie it together in a perfect network of iron, which is further braced up by cross bands within the roof. In fact, the whole struc ture is rigid from end to end, and there is actually less vibration in this station than in those which have been entirely built of brick or stone. The great travelling stage, when moved from under each rib as it was built, showed that the iron work when left to itself had a deflection of less than a quarter of an inch. The side walls in this case have, therefore, very little to do, and are more for ornament and convenience than for use. In the former particular, however, Mr. Gil bert Scott has made them as handsome as walls ever can be. At each end of the station the upper opening of the great arch is half covered in by a wrought-iron screen. This screen in itself weighs 200 tons, and hangs from the main ribs, which at three places are made double and strongly braced together with wrought-iron lattice-work. The screens are about 6 feet deep, but divided into small panels, wLich are to be glazed midway so as to break as much as possible the force of the wind on so . large a surface. The roof halfway up its exterior circumference has been stated, but the crown of the arch is all glass and iron. Some idea of the extent of the building may be guessed when we say that mare than 2/ acres of glass have been thus used iu lighting it completely from end to end. At one time there were upwards of 6,000 men, more than 1,000 horses, and nearly 100 steam lifts of various kinds employed upon these great works. The railways of the United Kingdom carried last year more than 250,000,000 passengers, who paid in the shape of fares a sum of upwards of £15,000,000. They were • conveyed in 3,500,000 separate trains, and they travelled an aggregate distance of 70,000,000 miles, or an average of about 20 miles per train. These millions of travellers were upon the railways an average time of at least one hour. Here is a vast field for enterprise in the way of supplying refreshments to a moving population equal to one-fourth of that of the entire habitable globe, or 'ten times that of the whole of Great Britain. It is this great want which the Midland Railway at least intends to supply, and if they only do it effectually they will give a greater boon to travellers on all parts of their line than has even been conferred by the erection of their magnificent terminus which was opened yes terday. THE FRANKLIN EXPEDITION. IMPORTANT DISCOVtRIES. The New York Herald of September 19th says : -'-It is now nearly a quarter of a century since the lamented Sir John Franklin and his crews embarked on the ships Erebus and Terror on their heroic and ill-fated expedition to the Arctic regions in quest of a north-west passage to Asia ; and the years of almost breathless anxiety that followed his depar ture, while awaiting information of the result of his explorations, were succeeded by a still more anxious yearning to learn the fate of himself and his fol lowers, when the world had ceased to hope for tid ings of the progress of his enterprise, and looked earnestly for news of the personal well-being of the adventurous party. Several expeditions were fitted out to search for the lost navigators, but none were able to find any positive evidence of the safety or existence of any of Frairklin's command, and ob tained only vague rumours from the Esquimaux that parties of Caucasians had been among them. When these had failed the attention of Henry Grin nell, of New York, became involved in the subject, and an expedition was fitted out by him, and Cap tain Hall was entrusted with the arduous under taking of endeavouring to clear up the mystery, which had become at once painfully sad and ro mantic. To his energetic investigation of the fate of the Franklin explorers, and to the liberality of one of New York's citizens, the world is indebted for such information as has furnished positive evi dence of the result of Sir John's hazardous attempt. Various reports have from time to time appeared chronicling the latest data received from Mr. Hall touching his discoveries, which have confirmed the conclusion that no survivor is left to tell the tale of their privations, failure, and deaths. On Thursday last, Dr. Goold, of Dublin, a gen tleman widely known, and who has been during the past two years in the Polar regions, arrived in this city, and furnished the latest detailed informa tion of Captain Hall and the object of his search. Dr. Goold arrived at New London, Connecticut, a few days since on board a whaling ship from Cum .berland Inlet, and states that in August, 1867, he spent some considerable time with Mr. Hall, who was then at Repulse Bay. Mr. Hall has traced the fate directly of two of the last survivors of Sir John Franklin's party, and has obtained valuable information regarding the relics and some records reported by the natives to have been left by the lost expedition in King 'William's Land. Captain Hall learned from some of the Esquimaux in 1866, that about two years prior to that time Captain Crozier and one of the Franklin crew had died in the vicinity of Southampton Island, while endeavouring to make their way to that place, in the belief that they would be there able to meet a whaler to convey them back to England, or, in fact, anywhere to escape from their Arctic prison. Capt. Hall is confident of the identity of Capt. Crozier with one of the men so described to have perished, as the natives not only gave Capt. Crozier's name, but were in possession of certain articles that be longed to him and to his companion. Mr. Hall ob tained from these Esquimaux Capt. Crozier's watch, a gold chronometer, made by Arnold and Dent, of London, besides some small articles of silver and trinkets belonging to their outfit. These relics Mr. Hall now holds, and they have been seen and handled by Dr. Goold. Capt.tin Crozier's companion, who died with him, is believed to have been a steward of either the Erebus or Terror, as the natives say he was a server of food, hut could n ot recollect his name.' The natives a!so state that they have among them, near Southampton Island, a piece of gold lace and a piece of gold bullion which belonged to Captain Crozier, and is believed to have formed part of one of his epaulettes. They also stated that a number of others had started with Capt. Crozier from a place very far north to reach Southampton Inlet, b'ut had perished one by one on the way. They had been passed from one band of Enewits to the other, and when Captain Crozier had passed through two tribes the natives say all further traces were lost, but Capt. Hall himself traced the remainder there. Capt. Hall also says : —" The opinion most entertained is that the natives killed them. 'They say themselves there was no difficulty in Captain Crozier getting through, be cause he was accounted among the natives a first rate hunter for that country, and could at all times keep himself in food." The records which Captain Hall hopes to be able to secure are in King Wil liam's Land, and considerable difficulty is antici pated in the effort to reach them. According to native information the last six survivors built a cairn, or rude vault of stones, on the rogks, and deposited within it some documents and such articles as they had no further use for or would have been au encumbrance on their jour ney. For some time past King William and his tribe have been hostile towards the native followers of King Albert, who inhabit the region about Repulse Bay, where Mr. Hall was quartered, and would allow no incursions into their country. The place where this cairn is described to be situated is about 450 miles northward from Repulse Bay, and in order to roach it Captain Hall has formed an alliance with Albert and his people, and, together with his own escort of Europeans, was preparing an expedition of about 90 persons to march in quest of the records. It was Mr. Hall's intention to start in February or March of this year, and be ha I already accumulated supplies of provisions and other necessaries for the purpose. EXCLUSIVE, VERY IMPORTANT, RARE, AND VALUABLE are the properties of Lamplough's Pyretic Saline, curing the worst headaches, sickness, skin, or biliary affectipns. Pleasant. palatable, and invigorating. Bold by all Cheluists.—[Advt.] BLOWING UP OF A SHIP WITH A CARGO OF NAPHTHA. The British consul at Drammen has forwarded to the Board of Trade the report made to him by Captain Henry Wells, late master, and one of the survivors of the crew of the British ship Tom Volkes, belonging to Liverpool, which was de stroyed by an explosion of naphtha while on her voyage to St. Petersburg : " The ship was laden with 770 barrels of naphtha. Nothing remarkable occurred until the 6th of September. When about forty-eight miles to the N. W. of -Heligoland a fearful explosion took place on board. At the time I, with %be, mate, were in the ca bi n , an d t h e rema i n d er 01 the crew were on deck. For a few minutes l was insensible. When I came to myself I found everything in the cabin destroyed, the bulkheads all collapsed together, and the ship split in her wate r way, so much so that I and the mate got on deck through the water way. On looking forward I ob served that the lifeboat had been blown off from th e main hatchway and was split to pieces. All tlis hatchways were blown off, and the timbers of the deck of the ship were forced up about two feet. Observing that the ship was all but s wreck, and her cargo on fire, I • ordered be r mainmast to be cut away as the only chance t° make a raft to save our lives, but before this could be done the flames rose from the hafchways in such volumes that it became dangerous for any on e to remain on board, and most of the Lod e plunged into the sea to save themselves from being burnt to death. We, however, managed to ca t away the main boom, which we . got overboard, an d to this I clung. I could not swim. A seama n named William Mille r swam an d got on to i t. Au the crew except myself managed to divest then' selves of their clothing. I found mine was drag' ging me under, and Miller assisted me in getting off the heaviest portion of my clothing. On look' ing round I saw about five seamen swimming is various directions for pieces of the wreck' William Newton, a seaman, managed to reac h the boom we were clinging to. The ship Nag now burning furiously, like a volcano, flames rising more than 300 feet high, and 1 continued so to burn f or a b ou t a quarter (/', an hour. I then saw her settling down in the water' and almost instantaneously disappear through the vortex of the flames, as if she had broken up, f er a the whole of the cargo rose to the surface, a° spreading itself for a considerable distance barn ° tremendously, the sea fo r a t l eas t h a lf a m ile le length presenting a sea of fire. Many- of the pe er fellows whom we had seen swimming got cr tangled with the burning naphtha, and thus perished. I also lost sight of the mate, steward' and one seaman who happ ene d t o b e c l ose to the boom. The cook, Ralph Nichol, I heard c a ll oat' he was lashed to a piece of wreck. I heard bi el during the night join with us in calling out es loud as we could, i n th e h opes o f b e i ng h ear d b. , ; some passing vessel, but we did no t h ear hi pa afte r ten o'clock that night. We a ft erwar d s succe ede d in getting a piece of wr ec k, w hi c h we l as h e d to 01 4 boom, so as to prevent it t urn i ng round. 08 enabled us to get across it. 1% h en th e moon r°" the night became fi n e, b u t very co ld , w i t h a l ight wind from the south-east. We still continued sing' ing out all night at the top of our voices, a-hoy ! ship a-hoy when between one and t" o'clock in the morning I perceived a vessel to lee' ward. The moon's rays li g hti ng up h er sa ils, ' sung out, Ship a-hoy I' more loud than ever' never ceasing for one moment, and we were gla' a ' dened by the sight of her shortening sail an slacking, our cries evidently having been bear When the vessel got ab reas t o f us , as 4 supposed by the voices, he lowered his boa" and succeeded in rescuing us from a terrible fate. The vessel proved to be the Germ a n sc h oone r I r ° Leotila, Captain S3hon, from Hamburg. On g e A P dug aboard he treated us with th e greatest Wu' ness. I immediately pointed out to him the P° 6/ , tion, as I thought, th e l as t ti me I saw anytbiose of the crew. He then bore to windward until li came among fragments o f th e wrec k , a ll the tleie calling out and blowin g a f og h orn, to at tract attention. He continued cru i s i ng a b out unto e daylight, when, nothing bei ng seen or h ear d, 1 ' proceeded on his voyage, and arrived at Dramo 3 e : on the 11th inst , and at once app r i se d th e Englief, consul of the loss of the ship, and his picking . e myself and two of the crew. O n th e folloviieb morning the consul arrived with a surgeon, who dressed our wounds and burns, w h en we l an ded' and we were conveyed to *the i n fi rmary. much scorched about the head and face; my eye' lids, eyebrows, and nearly all my hair burned O P O Aly bands and ar ms were scorc h e d f earfu lly, so much so that I a m d epr i ve d o f t h e use of them . lip lower limbs I cann o t use , i n ' consequence of tP length of time th e y were i n th e water. Th e tWo sailors, Newton and Mill er , are i n a very weak state. Newton was much burnt about the arm and face, and rece i ve d a h urt i n hi s h ea d . Miller was much shook by the explosion ; but the l°, /3° exposure he end ure d i n th e wa t er h as ren d ere d bivr in a very exhausted state. (Signed) " HENRY WELLS, "Late Master of the Tom Volkes. APPREHENSION OF A DEFAULTING BROKER }l/(9° HULL.—Yesterday a ft ernoon G eorge Deane Storey, eo tt°' ,, broker, carrying on business in Chisenhale-street, Li B " e ; pool, in partnership w ith a M r. C roo k es, was appr.aboo ,, % in the office o f M essrs. J . an d P. Planter, Knowslel; buildings, Tittebaru-street. It seems that some time Re Storey, who also c a rr i es on b us i ness at H ull, and re siue at 8, Hornsey-parade, Holderness-road, at Hull, was % II ; trusted to sell 667 tons of cotton seed. He pledged t P O warehouse warrants for £1,700. i n f ormation of tilio transaction coming to the ears o f th e po li ce, a warrant /1"e obtained for his apprehension, and yesterday De W ill y Whitelaw, of the Hull p o li ce, came to this town to I°° for Storey. He obt a i ne d t h e assistance of Deteo ti/- ~ Connor, of the Liverpool police, and they together s ue ' needed in taking Storey into custody as stated, ttW ie The offence havin g b een comm i tted in Hull, the prisoner y will be take n th ere f or trial. It is stated that Crookes is at present on a pleasure trip iu Switzerlauc V. Liverpool Courier. AN INSECT -EATER.—In Algeria, where con sider ; able ravages hav e b een pro d uce d b y locusts, °)„, most signal adva n t ages were d erived from the importa ti°ii of a bird called by the French the martin triste, the res u of a first experiment being so favourable that the 1 0 1 38 ; nal Government i s a b ou t to renew it upon a still lar ge scale. In the Mauriti us th e mart i n tr i ste did most effectii f service, entirely freeing the country from the host B L gluttonous intruders with whi c h it h a d b een for some infested. The Italians would do well to turn their a tter tion towards this useful ally, and to encourage the intr ° ' duction of various other breeds of insect-eaters, f o r ther e can be little doubt that the wholesale destruction of birds which has been going on for a ges on t h e Italian 0 ° has not a little contributed to aggravate the damage 0 0 sioned by these periodical visitations.—Gardener's Ma gazine. Births. BARRY—On the 30th ult., the wife of Fred er i c k G. Ba l l' Esq., of 5, Granville-park, Blackheath, of a son. DRAKE —On the Ist inst., at 9, Gresham-park, Brixtoll:, the wife of Henry Drake, of the Stock Exchange, °I 89n. FURNISS—On the Ist inst., at 37, Porchester-sqW e : Hyde-park, the w if e o f Th os. S. Furniss, Esq., of a 6°' Marriages. BREWTEY—SADLER—On the let ilia., at Hamptou A dlesex ' n 1 Mr. James Bre w t ey, o f N ewmarket, to E 131: eldest daughter of Mr. Charles Sadl e r , th e Mit re Hote Hampton Court. POTTER—BUCKINGHAM—On the Ist inst., at Whaill, Range Church, Manchester, Francis William, third s 0" of John P o tt er, Esq., Takeley, Essex, to Maryanfl; youngest d au; h ter o f the late R. Buckingham, Esq., t Grove, titratfotd, E. Deaths. FRASER—On the 28th ult., at Beaufort Castle Inverneg g ; shire, Simon Thomas Jos eph, sou o f the Master of LO' and the Hon. Mrs. Fraser, aged 13 months. HART—On the 29th ult, at Deptford, Kent, Mr. Isaac I , Hart, late of Harwich, Essex, aged 84. RONEY—On the 30th ult., at 60, Cloveland-squaro, ITYde park, W., Sir Cusack P. Roney. SMYTH—On the 29th ult., in he Close, Lichfield, W° . Smyth, Esq., solicitor, aged 8-1. THOMASIN —On the 30th alt., at Witham, Essex, Georg e Thomasin, Esq., aged 59. Urrox—On the 29th ult., at Lewisham, Capt. Edward 1 ' Upton, late of 72.1 Highlanders and '26th Cameroniao . younger son of T. Upton, of Sydenbam, Kent. London: Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREW S of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tits Sum Odlci , No 112 Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Cou3t9 ° Middlesex.—Friday, October 2, IdCl3. K ING: This cele prize Medal Iti Pur_o Sold in B the Ag ents 8, G Observe tl ban's LL V 9 nu, _ 14, BUS hoI"VANCE d or Le: able weekl3 Form s free 11 , 0 Y GEO] R"Y2 Et Anl_N It o -________ CA] The Sen Flight thr Trap eze . lug double artiste in great Fre, ''''ment rit?agenue --E. Hall and co rps witlnun n ew ens Barden T I tants ; ne la &dam e ( "ntotnirn Ported by Stall Do( AR G noorn4 ha and Co. an attract Dance mu Muss MA E Admissio night. D I T proved rem e d y f Gout an delica , to dren, an 172, Ne, F UR pei nolUbr or unfuro hoods of square. fi')Us Es: or pito] n. all descri for outl P tioni o f hr t transf,oT IN' How ROl3 Vented a ges. It gestion, comuneni health a braces at street, 0: rs--Y speedily 6s. stamps,_ all Cher W° This prE hours, r for 60 s Chemist AI curls L; Sold at ; cl 141 ~. GP' , A colour ii fectly n 64 .; sen "leclisl fIA moves wi thout c ; sal vEr, E s. isallovirt et mums .all 0, 1 -I I A seven c `►°main; stamp s , and all Just tG bli tb born, 1 ---.... REALT flu