The Sun. — London, England, 1850-11-15 00:00:00

N I, BRIIrALS Til ti WEE. of i 0.114„ r eo COP:' i 01 01; ouc- INi!IV/S.-(THIS 1).) ‘ , uttN EXckiAINGE..._(FitiDAY). , he arrivals of English Wheat up to our market this ao°,lt, coastvvise and by land carriage, having been very (INaerate, the show of samples here to-day was small. ) attendance of buyers was limited; nevertheless the be'•11:011_11.1,tor must kinds of Wheat of home produce may onl y 1' 14 " rei 'toady, at Nionday's pric"s. From i abroad . p. 3,500 quarters of Wheat have come fresh to land ale t rian i dd.tti P c3n a rte : d c i :.a moved off steadily at late rates. In the was trail g and iLferior kinds very little business ti We wfre scantily supplied with both English tore 122 Barley. Malting samples were held for as ( 1, 4 c me• Grinding end distilling sorts were quite The supply of Malt being large, the demand f(o)rtth:; article ruled heavy at barely stationary prices. firm ' "4 ealUe SI " I ,Y to hand, hence the sale for them was at full rates of curreney. Flour was in fair re- . 111eb t at late figures U wards of 5,600 sacks have - "ived from Fracce. .I.3t•au F :, Yeas, and Indian Corn dull. .....__ - [ Wheat. Barley. I Malt. i Oats. - Ql.B. sacks Engli sii ' . 1 Qrs. Qrs. Qrs. Scow l.. -• •••• • I 2,260 2,740 6,150 720 1,930 It °rei n . :••• • 1 - - - 2,910 •••_ - 2,850 e T here EINUTIIPIELD. was a decided increase in the supply of . . _ - Beasts on p a ,Z, i n to-day's market, compared with that exhibi . ted On 1, - " la Y lest , but its general quality was very inferior. i t L e whole, the Beef trade ruled steady, and Monday's Al i :l: Qv : ra h "t in the quotations was fairly supported det r : n u , the numbers.. of Sheep were very moderate, the Stat e , , ` ‘ i f or that description of stock was in a sluggish O l d vat we hav e no change to notice in prices; the best letup °wa g realised 4 s to 4s 2d per ti lb s. W e we re lines: y supplied with Calves, in which a moderate bu lia„;twas transacted, at late rates. The Pork trade kileil icl Y, aad the currencies were well maintained._ n. elarli n ' '‘‘'s were quoted at from 141 to 1815 s each, i & their Small calf. in kr , Per albs. to sink the offal. 0, d• to s. d. 4,, tort r A ir ne .... 11 , d to s. B d. rnferior SheeP • • •2 10 3 3 6 pr! 1 1441 it 0 Y • • 210 3 2 2 Second val. Sheep 3 4 3 to prima t -l ea. 3 4 3s C .aree-woolledditto3 8 2 ~..-ite e, o a tz •• •• •3 10 4 0 s.uthdown Wether 4 0 4 "'lilie s -•° Calve; 3 8 3 6 Ditto eut of the wool 0 0 e 2 ,_sluck 4 ,ra r , to . 3 8 4 e Large Hogs •••• •• 3 0 3 6 3/444abs"%faaves .• 18 0 26 0 Small Porkers •• .. 3 3 4 2 ''•• .• "• • 0 0 0 0 Quarter o ld Pigs • .17 0 23 0 Berate. TOTAL SUPPLY AT MARKET 1 ,083 I Sheep. 1 Calves. 1 Pigs. I 4,854 229 360 B ests. SCOTCH. - _ 16 I Sheep S i. I Calves. 1 rigs , Sews. FOREIGN SUPPLY. 263 I Sheep. I Calves. 1 rigs. 1,800 90 40 The,*r4/37C.A.TE •ELND LEADMNEELLZ. Gen -I,l3l9rkets were but moderately supplied to-day. v, ty apeakinr,the demand ruled steady, on the i Ilop lul . . . ~,, 6. terms:__. Beet At per stone by the Carcase. ...... Sierlor.. B. d. to 1 . d. I a. d. to s. d. ' '....- rfilddi i •' •. 2 2 2 4 Mutton, n g •• • 2 Inferior •. 2 I 2 8 ......., i ttSelar ge . 2 160 3 2 8 2 middling.. 210 3 4 Vos4-44earnall.. 3 - .i 3 6 ' prime .... 3 6 3 8 Pork, large ••••• • • • 2 6 3 6 . ***** .• ••• 2 10 311 small -..•• .• 3 8 4 4 %n ee 41. 1104 01:7GEE HOP 112831..1LET• re %MN .10 de claration of the duty our market has 4 a b, , s lll a very inactive state, but no material change thi ef ' 40 ticed in the quotations. The demand was t , e nt Y vi nA ti t °4 fine qualities. Factors' prices :—New East ' B O .• -,,,"t5, 92s to 1454 ; New Mid Kent ditto, 88s to snare..7,6l Weald of Kent ditto, 78a to 90s; New ba,, ' uitto 65 . New Fh m. 100 s to 150 s - Cwt . $ sto 78s ; arn a ~ Flour. COLONIZOL. hult -6:1"-The market has been duller, and British ti leti- 4 " 11 has declined 6d per cwt. Barbadoes by at, un, brou ht ' 8 6(1 t o g 43s to 44s fur fine yellow, an 39s to th e r ord. Importers are tolerably firm, however, as 4613' e° 811111 1 3 tion is large, and the stocks have consider sol tossed,Gaere Refined grocery lumps have been at tllti id 52 5 6d. Mauritius has been cheaper; low lOoti 1 Yel low 363 to 38s• brown, 32s to 36 6(1; and llsi ltrlq midgrainy ' yellow, 38s to 40e. Bengal 468 been down; w - hite Snares realised 46s_ to ktrti4,6- fir fine 44s to 47s for good and fia iftBws.-Yeli 39 • to 35s for low and good soft ne e The l atest sales -• of middling and good yellow by 373 6d to 395. Madras middling yellow Alt u , s 61 to 39 and 0 - ood soft 34s 61 to 365 , fo - ' 434 ha's Manii ' la we ' re taken in at 383 6d .o 440: laiddliZg and good cleyca. Penang has been 6 t° •idling Yellow 34s to 39s 6d, and white 42s d Fo s , ' uld s W aS Steady. Havannah 40s to 41s 6d for e o ,„iA 39,. to 40a fur washed. (1 % this article there has been , very . li o t w tle . ,t'ter:h"„°llerB 113 t pressing sales; native (,eylon, n_ _ s .tl44t ha s been A '" e aPer , good ord being 54s . 6d to 1 5 . 5 n . 1 6 , 4 il itti° 6l„ -s `Pwil 1 - 2- low mid and mid realising l fi ne to s Td low to s' 56s • at auction good ord 54i went at 57s to 60s for Ittl e d a fi ll „ e ci 4 na oszd6d. d ' l j io a w ma rnid, at 52s to 56s for good °B4 : ll ti f C r a %lad at 46s an to 493 for triage and black. C ocoa. - taken in at 50s to 525. t° 63 ' 1, 'tad s- 5 . 11 4 4 has been at full . prices, at._ v s i . z., 48s 6d S llets lie ut. has been taken in 40 -al° be e .-- t --tile g* have been rather easier, and there t itic E• n 8 11" 'ales in bladr Pepper. Tz A " Market has been rather dull. tkti on .' k The demand has been extensive, and full quod e,ong ' l , °. v° been realised. Common and good or ' , he" "ItS been at is Id to Is lid. Green also is_ very 3" -•The '.°T . ro x d emand has been moderate. ~Oe .-- There is more firmness, but only a limited /4.0 " ' w .—P.Y:c. has been dull at 38s per cwt on the t abl e fo r l o ParrlT.—The mild weather continues favour ttai h llaumption. The first cargo of Oranges from 4(1 0 „ as arrived at Bristol, half of which was sent to t r e od ez railway, and sold by Keeling and Hunt . at ti —ee s• Chesnuts sell freely, the low figure being Itl e ° to rtLbl e for the sale. The price of Lemons is well B rt'' le d and • likely to continue, the crop of t lei, b is 'n g short. Black Spanish N . tits i , ii_ n good demand. ul'a. quiet. Brazil without alteratio qUtL, (Si tt: —N'S BEN C H.--(T lIIS DAY.) In ° In Banco, before Lord CAMPBELL and Justices WIGHTMAN, COLERIDGE, and ERLE.) T tt• WALTON V. GAVIN—JUDGMEN . T. in the 16th 1,,,, 1n _ "la case the defendant was a lat e ' e rs, and the Plaintiff was a young M m aj a b o r 7 n ho wsaosideiner ah,ePba Suenay into the Royal Artillery, .Y'l: tatioll'it.elthouse, and then ran away before his attes ha_ esertion, for seventeen days, for d • the defendant Gavin imprisoned the plaintiff, harge w h en his TkvN arrived f r 04:_plaintiff, thereupon, brought au action for falseat .10_ OEn the Horse Guards, he was i l i l b s e e rate ro d : aitii'llneet against the defendant, and on the trial I 'or the defendant uee Coleridge, L ef ore Mr. Jus 'the verdict passed kr, m . e • itficierzt ; rNliiiid.te rest for a new trial. obt a n led ti. lii.exaxes, on a former day, moved for and On ( Ma i by the o Gmerala. it , Y ItSt and yesterday 'the case w s - 1:' 1 ,?.. hill, a nd Mr. Weisq, the Plaintiff. alsictietol fully asen a , -- c 'Y a ar. M. Chambers, Mr. o'3lal ch fir i t , he a d n e d - T he C. - I.',' ° ' I.od c -'" gave judgment this morning._ t the rule ough t ,be srOd his opinion was h ere o ue discharged. Itifsattiepletel e ~Y exoneratedunder the 20th article o. Ho thought that the ta deten e da iis n o t kr, `Pa ' 3 ' w Lir. In his (Lord Campbell's) opinion igh • con elt I°4 ° I I th - se he said that suit e ), in arguine the case put too large ait 0 111c1 at 20th article, because Nttr PPIY, whomsoever ini ht be the person . . gad w g military, lid , with the oriel be he military or not . e.. ti% 'ether ' e' • of the categories me who was 4 m 1 4 015 he came within any e fr . , , second section of tho Mutiny Act ..... or uot. A ! L led h 441 P ell) thought was tut ' °4l e b it not so. Bone were , rtish„ Y the Mutiny Act, none were bound by w th a e s I`°,lisseti:,ll4War, excePt her Majesty's forces, and he 7ti a cu naututional Jude, that it should be that iltlerst d hisHe thought liat thc defer that that was opinion. . . . ~ -ed b.dant had shown that the plaintiff was en. 'eh 'a• id • plaintiff was a per . sub.. o ier, and therefore tie els • ,P et the -11 of ye' to the Mutiny Act, and subject to the Ara , 1p p soldier. Lt. "44 ' mope therefore was a was %1I4t: "ar. Prima facie, the plaintiff had received ..._ N . a11,,, e , Y, and lit e d , 6 ‘,, that Backhouse, by whom he in the re seitxl wig not an attested soldier. Now, Backhouse Zsti_thl7 44usrtt,tictsited soldier,. and was employed he (Lord th:%bell) th ou t hand, actingrla facie to be 4 that capacity, assumed ass Campbell) ; 41 'd th e had 4144; was s o p act. He (Lord iutch •44oal()4lght that it wasproved that B,,mbadisr . how IN., that " e....nlPloyed him s so to act. It was paid, but •he ,","d-Li uaekho hadnot a qualification; 4 , l qiiti ~pn"ktEd to the us • ent for a much longer time_erc 'ore,i.,-es allowed b a law for his attestation, and there to so %ee 11 "" to be presumed that he was attested, and to. tspq eithi n the Mutiny ~t. The only evidence 14ti h t e hat 4'B'll44ot:i that " on other occasions there bo. tc/4 " eri irregularities in taking soldiers before a th e ; e 7 lesteo c 0 4 count magistrates ; but because in. 4,tiste, had been an irregularity in another was mla it could nt be presumed that there in the 411 irr e . . ? m e p it , . gummy in this. It was objected also that "Lett, b`litlff himself was not attested. It was quite the 'eliain°e.ever, that if he was enlisted and had taken /4 1 hi' h -- ,„R , t° ,°lley, the attestation was wholly unnecessary ' t , tl NI -1°0;1_0;0. Within teM utiny Acr. For those reasons, %l ull 1.. 4 opimon that the rule ought to be . discharged, Neil 40 regretted much that he diff.red with the opi- Jh a e jaled on the case by his brother Erle. %Atli; -e" Wlcarrusw and COLERIDGE w ere also of tir.e,that the rule ought to be discharged. olth,p•pistice ERLX diasented from the judgment of the 1, 40 410, 4(1 0a, on the ground that the plaintiff had ne n ve d the the -,7en before a magistrate before he was impriso e rul e -4 . -efetl dsnt; and therefore he was of opinion that 0/% 1 - • i, --,310N PLEAS.—(T HIS DAY NI% rn OWEN V. VON LISTER. on the bc/w triTll4-1. Moved for a rule to show cause why a t r otthr` should not be granted in this . c all ,),:x '4:Misdirection. The case was trie s d a a s e e t ii. Guild• The iket iori W' ll daY last, before Mr. Justice Cres w theplaintiff eft thR Was ° l l a bill of exchange drawn by dby the defe„- Alltyorib Mining Company, and accepted t .nce ,k t lts - t l it hl, the London manager. The point of de fe nce e rlio t ; at the defendant had power only to sign o % set t,,," out 01 Waste four constituting and s kteed - "' , bill drawn upon four . pers that the company, on and hitlititl:lieer tre lY eet l Y pa i n thre o e r , th it o was a bad bill, and defendant tat ti,„ T he Le arneydnJudge overruled this defence, and personally were t ad Q adai„,' e ase to the jury as to whether the defendant onse titiehtriled the bill or not, and the verdict teadeltt..e.r. .the wasCounselc con , 0 ,Inpan), eed ,i ` 1 .4% Mlle of exchange, drawn upon Plaintiff. The Learned hsit t ig ll424 by one pe tt , on b e e Alf, ought ,to be br ed I N at t ti,_ i r t could be :Mo U that the persoa signing o it t • - 7444 t the Y " on sign for each and; —ll3Pany, ev ery parson COM THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER ii, 1850. The COURT were of opinion thor ;1;! -,., Noi of tho Ltiar.e.ed in t 11,.. 1.17: tom of tn,:rehant , .—Api;:ica',inu [ln our report of the ease " Thwaitea v. Nash," we omitted ta state that the defendant proved a letter from the plaintiff, written in the outset of the actions, that he would defend him " gratuitously" against Wareham's actions; that the defendant Nash did all the work for those deft noes; that the notes were (e.s stated in his affidavit) given only as representing and ascertaining the amount to be paid to plaintiff out of the funds re ceived from the railway companies, and to be divided amongst certai❑ claimants it the funds were raised from the company, and not otherwise to be paid. That no application was made for payment of the notes for two years, and that defendant had frequently during that time lent plaintiff (Thwaites) several sums of money, some of which he had repaid him.] SECONDARIES:-(PHIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Secondary POTTER ) BEtENNAN V. SILK. The plaintiff in this action is an insurance agent, and defendant is a shipowner. The action was brought to recover the sum of 41. 9s. on a charter party for an insu rance on a vesta named the Painter. There was no de fence, and a verdict was given for the amount. MARLBRO'-STREET.-(T HIS DAY.) A DRUNKEN GENT. — Wm. Butt, described on the charge sheet as a gentleman residing at No. 1, North wood -terrace, St. John's-wood, was charged before Mr. Hardwick with being drunk and resisting the constable in the execution of his duty. • Police-constable 162 C stated that about eight o'cicek on the previous evening he was on duty in North Aud ley-street, when he saw the defendant, who was very drunk, surrounded by a mob of at least fifty persons, who were hooting and hallooing, end otherwise causing such a disturbance that he (wimiess) was obliged to take the defendant into cus tody before the mob di'persed. The defendant resisted and refused to go to the station-house. Witness then called a cab, and having lifted the defendant therein drove him to the police station. The constable added that defendant had 271. in gold and silver upon him at the time. The defendant, who hung down his head, apparently ashamed at his possition, was fined the usual drunkard's fine of 55., and discharged. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. TATTERSALL'S—YESTERDAY. WARWICK HANDICAP. 7 to 2 agst Doubt 10 to 1 agst Chief Justice—taken 10 to 1 agst Cockermouth 12 to 1 agst The Castle 15 to 1 agst Clothworkvr—taken Nothing in favour but Doubt. CHESTER CUP. 1,000 to 25 laid agst Cossack, and 1,000 to 15 each agst Ruasborough, Woolwich, Rhesus, Brother to Dough, Windischgratz, Damask, and Clarissa, and 1,000 to 10 apt Windhound. DERBY. The only bet laid was 2,000 to 50 agst Lightfoot. A stndi attendance, and little or nothing doing. CREWE STEEPLECHASES—THURSDAY. The Tradesmen's Plate was won by The Standard beating two others, who fell at the second fence. The Farmers' Plate was won by The Standard beat ing Yorkshireman and another. The Hack Stakes were won by Elezina beating four others, after a fine race. GOLD FROM CALIFORNIA. Some estimates have lately been formed of the shipments of gold received in Europe from California to the present time, which we believe may be re garded as tolerably accurate, and according to which the amount is about 3,300,000/. On the other side, up to the end of September, the receipts at the two mints of the United States had been about 31,000,000 dolls. or 6,200,0001. Since that time we have had advices of further arrivals at New York and New Orleans amounting to 500,000/. An aggregate is consequently formed of exactly 10,000,0001. To this must be added, in order to estimate the total produc tion, not only the amounts which have found their way to China, Manilla, Australia, Oregon, the Sand wich Islands, the States of Spanish America, &c., but also the total which has been retained in Cali fornia for the purposes of currency. The population in that county now ranges somewhere between 200,000 and 300,000, and, although a considerable amount of silver dollars have been imported, the bulk of the circulation i 4 believed still to be in the form of gold-dust or of gold tokens. If the 250,000 persons possess on an average 10/. a piece, we have a sum of 2,500,000/., and, looking at the expense of a week's maintenance in the country, as well as the large quantities constantly in transit, as well as the reserves which, as was shown by the last advices, the various deposit houses are compelled to retain to meet sudden runs, it is probable that this is under the real total. Taking all points into con sideration, it may therefore be assumed that the whole which has been raised is equal to at least 13,000,0001. sterling. Of this production, according to recent official returhs from the United States, nearly four-firths have taken place during the pre sent year. 01 25 ; 966,817 dolls. received in the United States Mint at Philadelphia, up to the end of Sep tember last, only 44,177 dolls. had arrived in 1848, 5,481,430 dolls. in 1849, while the quantity in 1850 had been 20,441,210. The same proportions would probably prevail with regard to the sums distributed to other places, and we are therefore led to the sup position that the export this year has already actually reached upwards of 10,000,000/., although the re sults of two additional months have yet to be known. It will be observed, consequently, that the unexpected feature which has hitherto attended the progress of this new region, namely, that almost all the accounts from it, although deemed exaggerations at first, have proved ultimately to have been under-statements, is still presented. At the commencement of 1850 the most sanguine anticipations that were formed in any direction fixed its probable yield at 10,000,000/., and not only has this been exceeded, but each quarter of the year has thus far shown an increase of nearly half upon the amount gathered in the pre ceding one. Thus the receipts at Philadelphia for the first three months were 4,270,714 dolls., while they were 6,920,496 dolls. for the second, and again 9,250,000 for the third. This rate of augmentation coincides with the influx of population, and, as the emigration to the country is certain to be continued until the remuneration it affords for labour is brought to a level with the advantagesoffered elsewhere, there is no reason, so long as we are without accounts of an apparent limit to the field of operations, to anticipate anything else than a steady continuance of an im proving ratio. So far from a limit having yet been found, each fresh exploration seems to develope new and more favourable localities, and an extended dis covery of dry diggings lately alleged to have been made, together with the steps in progress elsewhere to crush the mountain ore by machinery, appears to hold out the prospect that, even with the approach of winter, there will scarcely be a suspension of the prevailing activity. INCENDIARISM IN WEST SURREY.—COMMITTAL OF rim INCENDIARY.—Yesterday morning a young man, about 24 years of age, in the garb of a labourer, who gave his name as William Fletcher, was charged before the magis trates of Guildford with having wilfully and maliciously set fire to a straw rick, thereby causing the destruction of two other ricks of wheat and hay, as also a barn full of wheat and barley, the property of Mr. Stephen Ceaser, an exten sive farmer, at Pyle Hill Farm, at Mavford, near Woking, on the 23d ult.; and, after a lengthened examination. before R. A. C. Aus , en, Esq., county magistrate, he was fully com mitted for trial. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE NEAR LunGATE-HILL. —Last night, about half-past eight o'clock, a fire, by which several families have been reduced to a state of beggary, broke out in one of the tall houses, No. 18, in Holliday-yard, Creed lane, Ludgate-hill. The building was occupie conjointly by three families, named respectively Eaton, Tankard, and Newsom. Nearly everything contained in the house was consumed. The property lost by this disastrous event is very considerable. GRAY'S INN. —At a Pension of the Honourable Society of Gray's Inn, holden cn Wednesday last, the Rev. Thomas Huntley Greene, M.A., of Balliol College, Oxford, was elected assistant clergyman to the society. KENT AND SURREY TURNPIKE ROADS.—Wednes day, these tolls, after a sharp competition, were purchased by Mr. Morris, agent for alessrs. Levy, the largest toll contrac tors in the kingdom, for 11,5904 being an advance of 875/. on the sum realized last year. No sincere desire of doing good need make an enemy of a single human being. That philanthropy has surely a flaw in it which cannot sympathize with the op. pressor equally with the oppressed.—Eliza Cook's Journal. POISONING NEAR GAINSBOROUGH, LINCOLNSHIRE. —.The inhabitants of the village of Stow were thrown into a state of great alarm on Thursday morning last by its be coming known that Mr. Christopher Page, farmer, of Stow Park, and his wife, had both been poisoned ; that the latter was dead, and that Mr. Page was suffering severely. An inquest was held on Friday, at which Eliza Smalley, the u f r o d w e r l servant girl, confessed that she had put poison in the coffee pot.m e d i t i o e r b h mistress er o n having ymoi v . accusedA l.er h d e ic r t o o f killing a f was returned against the girl. fsl.r Page was able to give his evidence at the inquest. It is not what we earn that makes us rich, but what we save ; it is not what we eat, but what we digest, that makes us fat; it is not what we read, but what we re member, that makes us learned. —Eliza Cook's Journal. GREAT WE,,TERN RAILWAY. --T he increase of traffic during the present half-year, and the reduction of the permanent-way expenses, will enable the Great Western Railway Company to pay a dividend at the rate of rider- pe cent. per annum, and carry a large balan ce— say, cofounsr ably beyond 30,0001.—over to the assistance ofbab the June isix months. This calculation supposes all pr o against revenue being paid out of it. A rapid and emphatic recital of the folowing simple le carges narrative is an infallible cure for lisping Hobbs meets Snobbs and Nobl,s ; Hobbs bobs to Snobbs and Nobbs; Hobbs nobbs with Snobbs and robs Nobbs' fobs. This is,' says Nobbs, the worst of Hobbs' jobs,' and Snobbs sobs." UP HILL WORR.—Chasing balloons and collecting newspaper accounts. THE PRESS AND THE PULPIT.- The New York papers say, " Jenny Lind has no equal as an eff ctive vo calist, never has had, and we doubt it she ever will have this side of Paradise; and even there she seems fitted to lead the heavenly choirs.'" On the other hand a clergyman in Boston has inure than once cautioned the people trout the pulpit against that singing woman, Miss Jane Lind.-- SP/RIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. DAILY NEWS.—Cardinal Wisrnsn and his sui dzsant suffragans have incurred the penalties of pro , munire. The phrase is in everybody's mouth : what precisely does it mean ? The origin and growth of that portion of our statute law which previous to the Reformation constituted the main defence of king and people against the encroachments of the Papacy, is not very difficult to trace. Rome during the reigns of the Plantagenets was at the zenith of its political power. Nearly the whole of western Christendom owned its spiritual suzerainty. Emperors and kings, free cities and fierce barons, held in turn the stirrup of its ambition. The network of its subtle polity was spread over all lands; and feudalism itself bent be neath the weight of its authority. As feofs were held of the crown, so kingdoms were disposed of by the arrogant successors of St. Peter. Henry IL did not disdain to accept the lordship of Ireland as a gift from Adrian, and his son was not ashamed to execute a formal surrender of the crown to Innocent III„ and to receive it again at the rent of 1,000 marks a year ! Ecclesiastical courts asserted an absolute independence of civil control, and claimed for all persons in holy orders exemption from all responsibility save to their pecu liar jurisdiction. Vast wealth became accumulated in the hands of the regular and secular clergy. Landed property was every year to a greater extent enclosed within the impenetrable fence of mortmain. Finally the benefices and bishoprics of the national church were grasped at by the insatiable cupidity of Rome. The spirit of the nation, which had complacently en dured every other species of indignity and encroach ment, revolted against this new usurpation. In the thirty-fifth year of the reign of Edward 1., a statute was passed which Coke declares to be the foundation of that edifice of ecclesiastical liberty eventually per fected by such gradual care and raised to such a noble and conspicuous elevation. The provisions of this early Act, however, proved ineffectual for their pur pose; and one of the weighty charges against the ill fated Edward 11. was his allowing of bulls from Rome to be brought into the kingdom for the unlawful dis posal of church preferments, and the. like. His suc cessor strove at the beginning of his reign to induce the Papal Court to come to some reasonable under standing. But his expostulations seemed only to pro voke fresh ebullitions of insolence ; and in reply to his remonstrances he was reminded that France had recently humbled herself before the Uni versal Lord of nations, and that the Emperor of Germany was equally submissive. Edward 111. replied as became him, that though every prince and state should league together to maintain this scheme of usurpation, he and his people were resolved to vin dicate the ancient freedom of the realm. Nor was this an idle boast. Several Acts were passed declar ing all presentments made by Rome to livings or bishoprics, and all pretended acts collating persons to other benefices, void, and rendering those who should procure or accept any such appointments liable to fine and imprisonment. In the following reign the law was rendered still more stringent; special provisions were introduced against the holding of any ecclesias tical preferment by aliens, or persons born out of the legianee of the King ; and all liege men of the Crown accepting benefices by "foreign provision" were put out of the protection of the law. These enactments were denounced at Rome as impious and schismatical, and threats of excommunication were hurled against those who should presume to execute or obey them. But the Parliaments of those days were of one mind on the subject ; and by the 16th Richard 11., ch. 5, they not only re-affirmed the most important principles em bodied in former statutes, but further enacted that whoever "should procure at Rome any bulls, pro cesses, excommunications, instruments, or other things, which touch the King, against his crown and realm, and all persons aiding and assisting therein, should be put, out of the King's protection, their lands and goods forfeited, and that they should be attached by their bodies to the King and his council, or pro cess of pratmunire facial should be made out against them." This last recited Act is generally called " The Statute of Prmoeunire," from the title of the writ under which proceedings were taken against its violators ; from the resolute unanimity with which its policy was sustained by the nation, no efforts on the part of the Italian priesthood were able to defeat it. In vain Pope Eugenius assumed the right to appoint a bishop to fill the see of Ely ; the Archbishop of Canterbury refused to consecrate him, and another was duly enthroned, whom the chaptel had chosen and the King approved. In vain Martin V. commanded the archbishop to endeavour to obtain the repeal of the 16th Richard ll.,—illud execrabile statuturn, as he called it ; and upon the refusal of the primate, affected to suspend him from his functions, The University of Oxford, both Houses of Parlia ment, and the Sovereign each sent embassies to de precate the Pontiff's wrath ; and the struggle was allowed to die away. In Tudor times many strin gent laws were passed, securing the royal supremacy. The most important, perhaps, was the :sth Elizabeth, chap. 1, by which to maintain the spiritual jurisdic tion of Rome within the realm was made an offence, punishable as in cases of priemunire, the first time, and as in cases of high treason for the second. This was followed by many others framed in a like spirit for the enforcement of uniformity in public worship, &c. And though in our days these enactments have always been treated as practically obsolete, it was not without reiterated discussion during three successive sessions of 1844, 1845, and 1846, that Lord Lynd hurst and Sir James Graham were able to prevail on Parliament to abrogate formally the barbarous pe nalties already mentioned. The ancient statutes themselves were suffered to remain unrepealed as landmarks of the national polity; and the friends of toleration were glad to see their excessive and impracticable seventies done away. The Emans cipation Act of 1829 in no respect re moved or lessened the force of those disqualifying statutes whereby Roman Catholics are rendered in• capable of holding preferments in the established Church either of England, Scotland, or Ireland. On the contrary, the 16th section explicitly recognises and re-enacts, in the most comprehensive terms, the disabilities in that behalf existing. Nothing that has since been done by Parliament tends to weaken that exclusion. Episcopal and capitular revenues, tithes and offerings, fines, dues, and perquisites, to the ut termost farthing, remain secure, And the Sovereign of these realms might still exclaim in the language of her remote ancestor, six centuries ago—" No foreign priest shall tythe or toll in my dominions. Then as to ecclesiastical titles; the wide distinc tion ought to be borne in mind between those which imply and are plainly intended to assert territo rial juriadiction, and those which are but prefixes of respect and courtesy to the names of individuals. Everybody knew, for example, that during the last seven years Dr. Wiseman was called by his friends and adherents " Bishop ;" and nobody cared to dispute his claim to that appellation. It implied no usurpation of any other person's office. It gave no just cause of offence, therefore, to any one. Neither would any sane or sober-minded Protestant have troubled himself to inquire why the Roman Catholic priesthood, who considered Dr. Wiseman as their spiritual chief, had chosen to give him the novel title of Archbishop, the Pope consenting thereto. All these matters were, strictly speaking, affairs with which the nation at large had nothing whatever to do, and in which, consequently, they were not likely re have ever dreamt of intermeddling. But the case is wholly different when Pius IX., a foreign Sove reign, publicly pretends by his own authority, and of his own will, to create a new territorial dignity within the realm, to append thereto a definite and specific territorial jurisdiction, and to confer this ter ritorial title and territorial jurisdiction. Dr. Wiseman is not in the position of a Roman priest elected by his brethren to preside over them in Westminster. He claims to be, by the nomination and appointment of an Italian Prince, metropolitan Archbishop of Eng land. This is the cause of offence, not the assump tion of the clerical style and title of any particular rank or degree. INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS. The institu tution held its first meeting on Tuesday evening last, when the proceedings commenced with the announcement of the dates of the ordinary meetings of the session; the appoint ment of December 17, for the annual general meeting, for the election of the president, cot . .incil, and officers ; and of the 27th May, 185 1 , for the president's conversazione. The paper read was, "A comparative viewof the recorded Explo sions in Coal Mines," by nr. \\ Aim West (of Leeds), Assoc. Inst. C.E. After which, the . meeting was adjourned to Tuesday next, when the discussion of the above subject will be renewed, and the following paper be read :—"'fhe Ventilation of Collieries theoretically and practically con sidered," by Mr. W. P. Struve, M. Inst. C.E. ACCIDENT ON TEE EDINBURGH AND GLASGOW RAlLWAY.—Yesterday a cattle train, in emerging from the tunnel in \Vest Princes'-street•gardens, came in contact with some trucks standing upon the line. The collision was so great as to smash one of the cattle vans, in consequence of which three of the animals in it were so much wounded that it was deemed expedient immediately to slaughter them. Scotsman. A CANDID APFEAL.—A wife, whose husband is now undergoing a sentence of transportation for a term of years, in one of the hulks at Woolwich, has sent him the following consoling letter:—" Dear husband,-1 take this opportunity of addressing these few lines to you, hoping to tied you in good health, as it leaves me at present, thank God for it. Dear husband, lam going to change my line of life, and I hope it will be for the better. 1 must tell you that I am going to be married, and hope you will have no objection, for you know you have not behaved to me as a husband ought to have done; both you and your family have used me very ill, but everybody knows that I never gave you any reason to ill treat me. I have been to the overseers to ask their advice, and they told me I had better get another husband, as I did not expect you would ever come home again. You need not fret about it, nor make yourself in the least alarmed at what I say, for I can assure you it is true. The overseers of the parish are going to give the man 101. to take me out of the parish. I have invited your brother Robert to the wedding, and I wish you was at home to make one amongst us. I shall tell you—the man's name is William You need not forget me for all that; and if you should ever come where I am, I hope you will call and see me. So I conclude, and still remain your affectionate wife—CATHERINE. To Gany rnede Hulk, Woolwich."—Manchester Spectator. A WELLERISII.—"I'm losing flesh," as the butcher said yen be saw a man robbing his cart. THE POPISH AGGRESSION. BEDFOItDSIIIRE. The first county meeting to protest against the meddling of the Bishop of Rome in the affairs of this country was held at Bedford on Wednesday. It was convened by Colonel Gilpin, the high sheriff, in ac cordance with a requisition signed by upwards of 400 of the most respectable and influential gentlemen in Bedfordshire, including persons of every political party and every Protestant denomination. The Town-hall of Bedford, in which the gathering took place, was so crowded that further ingress was im possible. The High Sheriff presided in person, and amongst the gentlemen who thronged the platform were Lord Charles Russell (brother of the Prime Minister), Sir Harry Verney, M.P., Mr. Hastings Russell, Colonel Trevor, M.P., Mr. H. Little dale, Mr. C. L. Higgins, Colonel Higgins, Sir C. G. Payne, Mr. G. P. Livius, Mr. H. S:aerman, &c. The HIGu SuEitur read the requisition upon which he had convened the meeting, and called upon Lord Charles Russell to move the first resolution. Lord C. Rossaaa, on rising, was received with a continuous burst of cheers. The Noble Lord said his motto was, " No fear."—(Cheers.) Never fur a mo ment could he anticipate that any harm would result from that which he might call almost a contemptible document.—(Uproarious cheering.) On all sides he saw his countrymen rising and giving expres sion to their sound Protestant feelings, and declaring their attachment to their Protestant institutions in Church and State.—(Cheers.) He saw also that our rulers, both temporal and spiritual, had nobly spoken out, had faithfully denounced this act of ag gression on the part of a foreign enemy, and he hoped had with some success shown forth and expressed their faith in our glorious national institutions. — (Hear.) On that score, then, he had no fear; and if we were called upon to enter into the contest between Protestantism and Popery, and between truth and error, how could he for one moment doubt the issue of it ? —(Prolonged applause.) Was not the power which struck down Popery in the fifteenth century sufficient to keep it down in the nineteenth ?—(Great cheering.) Did it not, humanly speaking, fall before the power of the printing-press; and did we not now live happily in the enjoyment of a free press in this country ?—(Loud cheers.) Whilst, however, he had no fear, there were no limits to his amazement at the audacity that had prompted this act.—(Vehement cheering.) How it could have originated he scarcely knew. That the Papacy, which but a little time ago was trembling on its last legs, as it seemed, the Pope being a refugee from his dominions, and afterwards restored only by the aid of the bayonets of a foreign Power—that he should have the audacity to say that he had all spiritual and temporal supremacy in this kingdom —this was so monstrous an assumption, and such a palpable attempt at innovation on our civil and political rights, that he (Lord C. Russell) was amazed at the insolence.—(Cheers.) He could not account for it, and the only way that it, or any other absur dities of the kind, could be accounted for, was, he supposed, by alleging the Pope's claim to infallibility. —(Laughter and derisive cheers.) Let them, then, before proceeding to denounce the effort of the Pope, see upon what this claim to infallibility rested. First of all, had his Holiness been really infallible ? He termed himself the great spiritual head of all Chris tendom ; had he been infallible in the choice and adoption of his own faiih ? The Bible told us, "By their fruits ye shall know them;" and what were the fruits of the religion established by the Saviour upon the earth? Was it not hymned by angels that it should be " peace and good will ?"—(Cheers.) Let the Pope, then, say where he would find those fruits of the soundness of his religion in his own domi nions. —(Cheers.) Had it established " peace" even in Rome itself? He appealed for an answer to the bayonets of the French.—(Vehement cheering.) Had it been instrumental in promoting " good will" in the Papal dominions ? He thought his Holiness might have answered that question himself when he made his escape from Rome mounted on the box of a coach, and arrayed in the disguise of a foreign livery.—(Loud cheers and laughter.) But if the Pope had shown himself to be fallible in his choice and adoption of a faith, bad he not been equally fallible in his denunciation of another ? He had denounced us both by word and deed. He had done an act which he could only do in a nation of infidels. What fruits of infidelity had England produced during the last half century ? On the contrary, had she not given out the fruits of a sound faith ?—(Cheers.) But, whilst the Pope has been deceived in things past, he was not less deceived in things present. He had seen an absence of persecution here, and that he as sumed to he indifference to real truth.—(Hear, hear.) He had mistaken the healthy development of Pro testant character for the paralysis of infidelity.— (Cheers.) Again he had mistaken grossly—he had mistaken the falling off of a few dead leaves as symptomatic of the decay of the heart of the tree.— (Hear.) He had gloated on the passion for a mere tricious ritual displayed by a few, and hoped that it was tantamount to a total abandonment of gospel truth.—(Cheers.) He had witnessed with delight a recent attempt of the Church to establish a spiritual oligarchy, and, for once, he had come to a sound conclusion that a spiritual despotism must be preferable to a spiritual oligarchy—(Loud cheers) — and that the infallibity of one man was more conso nant to reason thin the infallibility of a dozen. — (Cheers.) But, again he had committed a gross blunder, even in connexion with this subject. He heard a wish go forth from the cloistered cells of England, and he mistook for the voice of the people ‘, S n in o e n e -n pronounced,. — an ( d G w re a e s t feeble-minded,trhoewtwphrnhEnglandun pronouncing , g t f the hadto be a m ere as pi ra ti on o f th e cheering.) By his letter he branded us as infidels ; yet almost in the first sentence he resorted to the mockery, the great i n c onsistency, of calling us much like fr o i to those know which what " noble," ay, the " n o bl e people of England."--(0h, oh, and laughter.) H e treated us as infidels, and te styled us " noble ," and he (Lord C. R usse ll) s h ou ld id ie ea e s h o - f nobility were. H e h a d no doubt that they differed very y y much tertained. It might b e no b le in his eves to ph be p apos tates and professors of that dissimulation which, what ever favour it might find hi the eyes of a Jesuit, was totally unknown to the nature of En lishmen (Loud cheers.) Well, l e t th • g * e nation arise and tell the Pope what its estimate of nobility was.—(Cheers.) In the words of a poet-- a 'Tis only noble to be good; Pure hearts are more than coronets, And simple faith than Norman blood." The Noble Lord resumed his seat amidst thunders of applause, after proposing a resolution deprecating the Pope's bull. Mr. 11. HILL seconded the resolution, which was carried unanimously. Colonel TREVOR, M•Pn moved the second resolu tion, expressive of the hope that her Majesty would command a public benunciation of the bull of the Pope, and signify her determination to maintain in violate her solemn engegeinent to her people, and pledging the meeting to support her to the utmost, in accordance with their bounden duty and sworn elle gierrce.—(Loud cheers.) He (Colonel Trevor) looked upon the Pope's bull as neither more nor less than an innovation on the rights of both Sovereign and people; and he felt sure that Englishmen—above all, English Protestants —would never permit them selves to be ridden roughshod over by any potentate, whether lay or ecclesiastical.—(Cheers.) Lortl John Russell hod promised them, in his letter, that the present state of the law should be examined and considered ; and that was all we could at this moment require. But he did trust that no time would be lost in making tbat examination, that due notice would be taken of what had transpired in her Majesty's next speech from the Throne ; and he ventured to say that, if it should be found necessary, upon the advice of those who were charged with the government of the country, to add anything to the str eng th o f th e ex i s ting laws, any such propo sal would receive an almost unanimous support, whe ther in the House of Lords or the House of Commons. —(Loud cheers.) They were told that a similar bull was to be sent to Scotland, and that that country was also to be parcelled out into Popish dioceses. But, recollecting the strong feelings of our northern brethren, he ahould be much astonished if they did not give it even a warmer and more enthusiastic re sistance than that which England was now offering to it.—(Loud cheers.) saving more than once so journed in the city of Rome, he could not help re collecting the extraordinary superstition and acts of idolatry which he himself bad publicly witnessed there. The Bible was a condemned book in Rome ; and on some occasions it had been taken out of the luggage of travellers upon their entering that city. In various quarters of Rome he had seen and read public notices that a certain number of years of ex emption from purgatory would be accorded to those persons who kissed certain images. In the same man ner, by the repetition of a certain number of prayers, a man might obtain pardon fur almost any crime which he 'night have co mmitted.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. HOWARD seconded the resolution. Sir H. VERNEY, Ml'., supported the resolution. As one who had ever been in favour of toleration, he deemed it especially incumbent upon him to come forward on this occaeion and state plainly that tolera tion was not indifference —that toleration and indif ference were not the same thing.—(Cheers.) There was nothing in the spirit of toleration which justified the recent act of the Pops'. Here was a claim to su premacy set up by a foreign prince over the subjects of her Majesty, and without her Majesty's authority. Such an act was not known in any other profession. If, for instance, an Englishman received the honour of knighthood at the hands of a foreign prince, he never used it in this country, unless with the permis sion of the Queen; for Isere it was held to be a fun damental principle that the Queen was the fountain of honour—(Cheers) —and if any individual, be he civil or ecclesiastical, presumed to use a title conferred upon him by a foreign prince, and to exercise any thing like power or authority over her Majesty's subjects in this kingdom, with him the simple ques tion would be, whether that individual ought not to be taken to the nearest port and sent about his busi ness.— (Loud cheers.) He felt assured that the people of England would assist her Majesty in taking any step which might appear to be neces sary -fee showing that they were firmly determined to maintain that Protestant faith and those Protes tant institutions which now so happily prevailed amongst them. But he could not conceal from him self that Papists abroad had been encouraged in their attempts to diffuse their doctrines amongst us by the practices of a certain section of the Church of Eng land.—(Hear.) In alluding to this subject he had no desire to speak in a spirit of bitterness. The laity of the Church of England had a right to speak out upon this subject; and he did not hesitate to avow that whilst to him it would be a source of the greatest happiness if he thought that one of his sons was fit to take upon himself the office of a minister of Christ, and to inculcate the doctrines of the Church of England, vet rather than see that son a minister of the Protestant Church, with a Papist's heart, he would follow him to the grave.—(Loud and protracted cheer ing.) Feeling that strongly, and having the warmest interest in the welfare of the Church, he could not, on an occasion like the present, blink the awful ques tion,—" Are we to have Popish priests in the bosom of our English Church ?"—(Hear, hear, and vocife rous cries of " No.") In his own neighbourhood re cently an English clergyman had become a Papist. He was chaplain to an English bishop, who had given him his living. Another chaplain to that bishop had previously been perverted to the Church of Rome, and he was now going about the country en deavouring to draw the people over from our Protestant Church to the Church of Rome. Would they close their eyes to these things ? Would they attend a public meeting against the aggressions of the Church of Rome, and close their eyes to practices which were being carried on in their own Church ? —(Cheers, and cries of" No.") God forbid. Heart and hand, therefore, they should unite in their oppo sition to Popery, whether in the Church of Rome or the Church of England. In making these observations he did not desire to raise the "No Popery " cry. He bated " cries," because it was now matter of history that the raising of " cries " had been attended with unprecedented crimes, and great misery, wretch edness, and suffering in the land. The resolution was carried unanimously. Sir C. PAYNE moved the adoption of an address to the Queen, founded upon the preceding resolutions, and that the High Sheriff do present the same to her Majesty at the first convenient opportunity. Mr. C. L. HIGGINS seconded the motion. The resolution was carried unanimously, and, after a vote of thanks had been passed to the High Sheriff for presiding, the meeting dispersed. BIRMINGHAM. Meetings have been held during the present week in the parishes of St. Martin and St. Thomas, and the churches of St. Philip and St. Mary, at which memorials to the Queen against the Pope's assump tion were unanimously adopted. PECKHAM. The Pope was burnt in effigy last night on Peck ham-common. At six o'clock a mock processio❑ was formed. A van drawn by four horses drew up front ing a house on the green, from which emerged some dozen men, armed with various weapons, each leading a man attired in the surplice of a R.omish clergyman, the latter being tumbled into the vehicle amidst the shouts of several thousand persons congregated. The next brought out were two athletic fellows, one at tired as a Cardinal, and the other as his chaplain. A few yards in advance of the van stood a herculean fellow, bearing a burlesque effigy of the Pope, mounted on a long pole, and having in his hand what purported to be the late memorable bull. In advance again were about 50 fellows bearing lighted torches, and on each side of the Cardinal's carriage was a van containing fiend- like creatures, who kept up a continual display of theatrical fire, blue predomi nating, and so contrived that it Hashes cast a sickly hue over the features of the unhappy prelate and his fellow-prisoners. The Cardinal's equipage was flanked by some 40 torch-bearers, the faces of the latter horribly begrimed with varied coloured paint. The procession proceeded towards Camber well, by the Peckham-rye-road, followed by at least 10,000 persons. It was hailed in its progress through the various streets with the loudest acclatnations, amidst cries of "No Popery," " Hurrah for the Queen," "No foreign priesthood." After about two hours' perambulation, the procession retured to Peckham, and thence to Peckham-common, where the waggons were dragged into the vicinity of an immense pile of fagots, tar-barrels, and other combustibles. At this time there could not have been fewer then between 10,000 and 12,000 persons, and the unanimous cry was "Down with the Pope." Fire was applied to the pile, and in a few moments the whole mass was in a blaze. A simultaneous cry having been raised for the Pope and his bull, the representative of Rome was thrust in amidst the shouts of the mob. It was not till after some three hours that the proceedings terminated, and the mob slowly dispersed. PAPAL ENCROACHMENTS. THE BAR.—An address to her Majesty from the members of the English Bar has been lying for sig nature at the several inns of court during the last four days, during which it has been signed by nearly 500 practising barristers, among whom are 45 Queen's Counsel. It will remain at the same places until the end of this week. The following is a copy of the ad dress:— " TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. " The humble address of the undersigned members of the English Bar. ___ _ _ _ " We, your Majesty's most devoted subjects, beg leave humbly to approach your Majesty with the strongest assurances of undeviating loyalty to your crown and of sincere and fervent attachment to your person. " We consider it our duty to declare to your Majesty that we regard with feelings of surprise and indignation the attempt made by a foreign potentate to interfere with your Majesty's undoubted prerogative, and to as sume the right of nominating archbishops and bishops within these realms, and of conferring upon them terri torial rank and jurisdiction. " We, therefore, humbly venture to express our ear nest trubt that your Majesty will maintain and preserve inviolate your Majesty's supreme authority, as by 13w established, in these realms, aad our confident reliance in your Majesty's wisdom for the immediate adoption of such measures as shall be most effectual for that purpose." FLAX CULTIVATION. A movement, now in progress, for the promotion of flax cultivation in Ireland was described on the 7th inst., and it was mentioned that application had been made to the Board of Trade to incorporate a company with a capital of 1,000,0001., who proposed to encou rage production by the offer of a certain price per acre for the crops that might be raised. To this applica tion, we are glad to say, the following favourable reply was received this morning : " Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade, Whitehall, Nov. 13, 1850. " Sir,—With reference to the paper transmitted to this board on behalf of Lord Talbot and others, and to the interview between Mr. Labouchere and yourself, Mr. Doulan and Mr. Clayton, in which you stated that the object of the persons applying to form a joist-stock com pany in Ireland for the preparation of flax upon an im proved method, and upon a very extensive scale, and thereby to encourage the cultivation of flax in that coun try, and that the parties were desirous of ascertaining, before incurring further expense, how far it was probable chat their Lordships would think it right to recommend to her Majesty to grant a charter of incorporation to such company when formed, I am instructed to state to you, for the information of the parties iaterested, that it het, not been usual for this board to recommend the gronting of charters of incorporations for any purpose of a commercial character except in cases where the en terprise was necessarily of such magnitude as to require a capital larger than could be expected to be raised by persons associated in the ordinary mode of partnership. Under ordinary circumstances, therefore, my Lords would be unable to hold out any expectation that such a charter as that now sought could be granted. My Lords, how ever, taking into consideration the present circumstances of Ireland, and being strongly impressed with the great importance of encouraging at this time by every means the cultivation of fi , ,x , in that country, would be dis posed, upon a sufficient case being made out, to relax the rule by which they are governed under ordinary circumstances, and they therefore direct me to say, that so soon as the company proposed to be established in Ireland shall have been so far matured, and such a body of directors willing to take upon themselves the management of the affairs of the company named, as may hold out a reasonable assurance that the objects of the promoters of the company, as above defined, will be adequately carried into effict, my Lords will, on the matter being referred to them by her Majesty in council in the usual mode, be prepared to - recommend that a charter of incorporation should be granted. " The charter will be required to contain the pro visions usual in such cases, restricting the operations of the company until a certain proportion of the capital is subscribed for, and a certain amount paid up, and re quiting a deed to be executed providing for the due go vernment of the company, and for auditing the accounts, and for enforcing the payment of the sums subscribed by the shareholders. The particulars of these provisions may be the subject of future arrangem.et, " I am, Sir, your obedi. nt servant, " JAMES BOOTH. "Thomas Price, Esq.,Eastcott-cottage, WeSt Pinner." Nobody is worth anything who has not a comfort able share of vanity; it is the manner, and not the matter, of the thing that is offensive. —Eliza Cook's Journal. MARYLEBONE.—The Bishop of London has licensed the Rev Arthur Baker, 8.A., of Wadham College, Oxford, late curate of Trinity Church, St. Marylebone, and the Rev. Thomas Walter Perry, M.A., late curate of St. Peter the Groat, Chichester, to be curates of the newly formed district of All Saints, St. Marylebone. A new church, the foundation stone of which was laid a few days since by Dr. Pusey, is to be erected in this district, aed is to be consecrated on Nov. 1 (All Saints Day), 1552. THE PREVENTION OF CRIME. LETTER. V. TO THE RIGHT HON. SIR GEORGE GREY, BART., M.P., &a. &o. Sir,—The object o making the colony purely agricultural so long as convicts were sent, or retained there as convicts, is to remove from those who are reformed that temptation to return td their old habits, which is inevitably offered by a town population, and therefore greatly lessen, if not effectually prevent, the risk of such colony becoming a bad foundation for future communities. To carry out thin plan into practical operation I would suggest the following mode of proceeding as being easy of execution, offering to the convicts every chance of reformation, useful in establishing a colony, beneficial to the mother-country, and without the pernicious effect above adverted to, of placing the labour of the convict in competition v ith that of the honest and industrious. First. Send to the proposed colony a steamer, with scientific men, and implements to ex plore the coast and the interior, and to fix on the best place for the future colonies ; then dispatch two or three vessels with the clergymen, schoolmasters, surgeons, surveyors, artificers in the principal trad es required in an infant colony, and military; a preference being given to all who were married, and who should be entitled, after five years' service, to allotments of land if they desired to settle —3OO or 400 convicts from the Portland Convict Es tablishment, who being partly reformed would be less troublesome in starting the infant colony, and would be far better for the convicts themselves, than sending them, as has been proposed, to existing colonies, where the temptation to return to their old habits would be so much greater. There is no doubt that such convicts would be most willingly received at many of the existing colonies, but to send them there would be merely a recurrence to the very principle which has already produced such baneful effects, viz., making the interest of the set tler, and not the reformation of the convict, the first object. The question should be,—ls it for the ad vantage, not of the colonist who requires a labourer, but of the reformed convict, that he should be sent to an old colony, or to such a one as I have proposed ? And I should be quite content that Colonel Jebb, who made the suggestion in his excellent report on the Portland Convict Establishment, should decide the question ; for he truthfully remarks in another para graph, " There is too wide a distinction between the full privileges of a ticket of leave and the penal gang rin Norfolk Island." No one who has studied the subject can doubt that it is not possible to grant to a reformed convict a ticket of leave in an old colony without running the greatest risk of his returning to his old habits. Yet anything approaching to the assignment sys tem, the only alternative yet offered, would assuredly produce a similar effect in a far greater degree. Maconochie's " Australiana" is clear and decisive on this point, and proves that its practical working is precisely what might have been anticipated by every person who considered the reformation of the convict, and not the advantage which the settler would receive, was the object to be attained. Secondly. Let the site of the first colony be not less than a mile from the harbour, which should be ins proved, a pier built, and an excellent road made to it. A few of the convicts should be employed in culti vating some land under the superintendence of the agriculturists, but the greater part should be employed in erecting a penitentiary capable of holding 1,000 convicts, with barracks for the military, workshops for the various artificers, a large Government store or bazaar, where every article produced by the convicts should be sold, and everything required by the free settler, except spirits of every kind, the sale of which, or even the importation into the colony, should be prohibited except as an article of medicine. Everything, whether imported into the colony or produced by the convicts, should be sold at a profit of 10 per cent., which should be divided into three parts—one-half retained for the exaenses of the es tablishment, a portion of the remainder placed to the credit of each convict who had produced the article, and the rest set apart to provide a fund wherewith to assist the most exemplary in conduct in settling upon an allotment of land. ThiAlv. When the buildings were completed the number of convicts should be increased to 1,000, and a portion of them should be employed in erecting another penitentiary, capable of holding another 1,000 convicts, not nearer to the first than ten miles, and towards the interior; another portion of the convicts should be employed in making a good road between the two colonies, and in dividing the land on either side into farms, varying from 50 to 300 acres, making cross-roads, and cultivating a few acres in each al lotnient. Fourthly. Then, and not before, free settlers should be invited to take possession of the lots, upon terms which I will presently mention, and offering far greater advantages to the heal fide settler, although not to the speculator, than any of the New Zealand, Otago, or Canterbury schemes. It is hoped and be lieved that at this time many of the convicts would be steadily reformed, and desirous of working for the free settler at fair wages; and as soon as the greater part of the lots for five miles between the first and second colonies bad been occupied, the convicts should be employed in building another penitentiary on one side of the first colony, but not nearer than ten mules, and on the land between this penitentiary and the first similar measures should be pursued as be tween the first and the second. When free settlers arrived in sufficient numbers to occupy the sites, then another penitentiary should be built on the other side of the first, but not less than ten miles from it; and, when required, similar ones on either side of the second penitentiary, but not nearer to it than ten miles—the object being, that the greatest distance a convict should have to walk to his work either on the road or the field should be five miles. Thus you would have six penitentiaries, each ca pable of holding 1,000 convicts, at a distance from the first colony, or seat of government, of ten miles; if the plan worked as well as I anticipate, preparations should be made for abandoning the first penitentiary as a convict establishment, the building converted into useful public offices, one of which should be a dwelling for the labourers, the land between it and the harbour laid off in streets to serve as the future town, no land in which should be sold, but let on moderate ground rents, the proceeds of which should be applied to the future wants of the town, so as to prevent the necessity of taxation. I will state in my next and concluding letter the plan for colonization which I would propose in oppo sition to what is called the Wakefield plan, and which holds out such manifold advantages to the free settler, that I believe no moral doubt will remain on the minds of those who have watched the progress of emigration that the lots would be ra pidly occupied. I have the honour to remain, Sir, &c., RIGBY WASON. Corwar, Nov. 4, 1850. MELANCHOLY SUICIDE OF MR. PEN NINGTON, LATE OF THE TREASURY. It is with the deepest regret we have to announce the melancholy suicide of Mr. Pennington a gentle man who for fifteen years past has filled highly im portant offices in her Majesty's Treasury, which took place yesterday afternoon. About half-past four o'clock, as police-constable Henry John, T 223, came out of Gore-house, Kensington-gore (late the residence of Lady Blessington), he heard the report of firearms discharged in one of the plantations in Hyde-park, abutting on the Great Western road, al most directly opposite Gore-house. He immediately ran across the road and entered the park at the small wicket-gate close to the spot, and discovered the un fortunate gentleman lying on his back in the planta tion, with his arms extended. In his right hand a double-barrelled pistol was tightly grasped, one of the barrels of which had just been discharged, and on the lock of the other barrel was a percussion cap, and the lock was cocked. The unfortunate gentleman was then still breathing, a motion of the lips and mouth being distinctly perceptible for five or six minutes, after which he appeared to expire. In less than ten minutes after the fatal act bad been committed Police-Sergeant Davis, T 20, Ca 113411 up, and was followed by Mr. Bonney, a-surgeon of Knightsbridge, who, hearing of the occurrence, exa mined the b o d y , w hi c h was lying at the root of fir tree. He found that the deceased had shot himself through the right temple, and that the ball had passed out at the back of the head, where the brains were exuding. Mr. Bonney pronounced the deceased to be quite dead. Policeman 209 A, on duty in the park, then came up, and a stretcher was procured from the T station-house, Church-court, adjoining Kensington Church, and the body having been placesi on it was carefully removed to the residence of Mr, Spreadbrow the beadle, who immediately had it placed in the dead house of the parish in:Rose and Crown-yard, adjoining the house. The clothes of t he deceased gentleman were then searched, and in his pockets were found a silver Geneva watch with a gold guard chain, and a silver Bramah key attached, a gold toothpick, three cambric handkerchiefs marked " G. J. P„" a sovereign purse, a blue silk pane, and 9s. in silver, and some other small articles ; also a card-case, in which were two cards, with the name " Mr. Pennington, N 0.20, Cumberland street, Portman-square." Mr. Spread brow immediately proceeded to that address, and inquired if Mr. Penniugton was from home, and was inform,d that he was. He then showed one of his cards and the card-case, which were identified as having belonged to the deceased. Subsequently the butler in the family went to Knightsbridge, and identified the body as that of his _ master. It appears that Mr. Pennington had a fit about three months since, from the effects of which he had scarcely recovered, and about a fortnight since he had resigned his situation. He bad left his house about half-past two o'clock in the afternoon, to take a walk with his daughter, and returned home in about au hour. Shortly afterwards he again went out alone, saying hd would take another walk. The butler states that he had never seen before the double-barrelled pistol, a new powder flask, and 32 bullets, wrapped in a piece of brown paper. The body awaits a coroner's Inquest. THE POLISH BALL. The opposition that has been made in certain qnarters to the ball annually given for the relief of the Poles seems to have had but little effect; for the attendance last night at the Guildhall, when the fes tival got up under the auspices of the Lord Mayor took place, was quite as large as upon any former occasion. Several of the civic functionaries, beaded by the Lord Mayor, were present ; and about mid night the hall was completely filled with the " Friends of Poland," many of them dressed in fancy costumes —presenting a coup dad not often equalled for varie gated brilliancy. The decorations provided for the November feast were left untouched, and the gay and parti •coloured trophies suspended about the hall af forded a pleasing and animated contrast to the neutral physiognomy of the architecture. The windows and panels were, as usual, ribbed with gas, and the thou sands of burning jets which were thus visible formed not only a marked feature of embellishment, but threw the whole area into a blaze of light that rivalled day itself in gorgeous effulgence. The official chambers were devoted, as before, to the accommodation of the guests ; and the ample resources of the Guildhall in this respect are too well known to need eulogy now. There is no lo cality in London where a large public ball can be carried on with the comfort and convenience ensured here ; and this without regard to numbers, as the vast profusion of individuals drawn together upon such occasions as the present has again and again de monstrated. In addition to the amusement of dancing in the great hall, an excellent concert was performed in the council chamber by Mdlle. Angri, Miss Dolby, Miss Bassano, Miss Messent, Miss Ransford, Mr. Allen, Mr. T. Williams, Mr. Lefort, Mr. Whitworth, and others, conducted by Mr. Lindsay Sloper, whose exertions were in all cases gratuitous. The access to the concert-room was cut off to the late corner by the crowds that flocked into it ; but the ap plause and encores that reached the listeners in the neighbouring vestibules testified the extent of the gratification kindled by the talent of the several per formers. Besides the Lord Mayor, Alderman Car den, and Mr. Sheriff Hodgkinsoa, there were present the Earl and Countess of Devon, Lieutenant-Colonel Rowland Smyth, the Hon. Mrs. Rowland Smyth, the Hon. Mr. Stanley, Captain Townshend, R.N., Mrs. Townshend, Lieutenant-Colonel Rochfort, Mr. Anstey, M.P., Lady Webster, Lord Dudley Stuart, the Rev. Mr. Fisk, &c., &c. The funds of the Literary Association, we trust, will be considerably augmented by this reunion, which, we repeat, has never been excelled for fashionable brilliancy. It is gratifying to find that the cause has thus been taken up so warmly ; and that the benevolent feeling which has always pre vailed in this country in favour of those unhappy men —who, in addition to the miseries of expatriation and the severance of domestic ties of the nearest and dearest kind, are thrown upon a foreign soil in a state of absolute and bitter dependence—has not weakened. The wretchedness and suffering incident to such a position cannot be thought of for a moment without sensations of the deepest compassion ; and it is, there fore, a matter of congratulation that the means of the society, established for the express purpose of alleviating as far as may be the bodily distress of these oppressed patriots, are periodically repaired by the subsidies gathered from such meetings as those in which the public participated so willingly last night. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, Nov. 14. The Queen and his Royal Highness Prince Albert walked this morning in the Slopes. The Royal Family took their accustomed airings. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. C. B. Phipps, Colonel the Hon. Charles Grey, and Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. A. Gordon, went to London this morning, at eleven o'clock, to preside at a meeting of the Royal Com missioners for the Exhibition of 1851. • His Royal Highness and suite travelled by s special train o❑ the South-Western Railway, and is expected to return about four o'clock. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of ii:ent visited the Queen this morning, and partook of luncheon with her Majesty. The Marquis of Lansdowne and Lord John Rus sell left the Castle to-day. The Royal dinner party at the Castle this evening will include her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Lady in Waiting on the Duchess of Kent, the Lady in Waiting on the Duchess of Gloucester, Baroness de Speth, Major- General and Lady labella Wemyss, Sir George C. Couper, and Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. A. Liddell. His Royal Highness Prince Albert arrived at the New Palace of Westminster at a quarter before twelve o'clock yesterday, and went to inspect Mr. Dyce's fresco in her Majesty's robing-room. His Royal Highness afterwards presided at a meeting of the Royal Commission for the promotion of the Ex hibition of the Works of Industry of all Nations, to be held in the year 1851. The Commissioners present were Earl Granville, Lord Overstone, the Right Hon. Henry Labouchere, Sir Richard Westtnacott, Mr. Cubitt, Mr. T. P. Gibson, Mr. J. Gott, and Mr. P. Pusey, M.P. Mr. Scott Russell and Mr. Stafford Northcote, secretaries to the Royal Commission, attended. Mr. Edgar Bowring was also in attendance. Colonel Reid, R.E., chairman of the Executive Committee ; Colonel Lloyd, and Dr. Lyon Playfair, Special Com missioners, were present. During the sitting of the Commission a deputation from the Goldsmiths' Company was introduced, and had an interview with the Prince and the other Com missioners. The deputation consisted of Mr. James Garrard, prime warden ; Mr. Alderman Copeland, M.P., and Mr. Perceval N. Johnson, wardens; Mr. Hayter, Mr. John Masterman, jun., and Mr. I\ a therstone. The meeting broke up soon after three o'clock. His Royal Highness Prince Albert, attended by Colonel the Hon. Charles Grey, and Lieut.• Colonel the lion. Alexander Gordon, proceeded to the terminus of the South-Western Railway, returning to Windsor by a special train. The Oxford University Commission met yesterday at the official residence of the First Lord of the Treasury, in Do wning•street. Present, the Bishop of Norwich, the Dean of Carlisle, the Master of Pem broke, the Rev. A. G. Liddell, J. L. Dampier, Esq., the Rev. G. 11. S. Johnson, and the Rev. A. P. Stanley (secretary). The Marquis of Lansdowne returned to town yes terday, from a visit to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle. Lord John Russell arrived at his residence, Pem broke Lodge, Richmond Park, yesterday, from a visit to the Queen, at Windsor Castle. Lord Monteagle had an interview with the Chan cellor of the Exchequer yesterday. Mr. Wilcox, M.P., had also an interview with the Right Hon. Baronet yesterday, at his official residence in Down ing-street. FOREIGN FUNDS. DUTCH FUNDS.—AxminAz. Nov. 12. Bills. Money. Active Debt, 2% per Cont•• •• •• •• •• • 54 54% Ditto, 3 per Cent •• •• •••• •• •• •••• •• 64% 64% Ditto, 4 per Cent.. •• •• •• ••••• • • • •• 84 84% Amort Syndic, 3% per Cent ......... East India Loan, 4 per Cent.. •• •• •• • • 83% 83% Frankfort, 3 per Cents. ••.•••• •• •• 50% 51% Russian 5 per Cents., Hope & Co. •• • • 102 102 1 4 Ditto, ditto, Steiglitz •• •• —•••• • • 84% Spanish New 5 per Conts.;• ••••••• 111 12 Ditto, 3 per Cents. ...•—•••• •• • • •• 31% 31% Austrian 5 per Cents., Metallics —— •• 66% 68 Ditto 2% per Cent. —•• ••••• • •• 35% 35% Commercial Company, 4% per Cent • • Exchangeon London, at sight •••• •• 11 80 Two months.— •• •• .• •• •• •• 11 75 On Hamburgh, at sight .. •• 35 12 Two months. •••••••• •• • . 34 93 On Paris, at sight-- —— • • 56 31 Twomouths. —.... 55 93 HAMBURGH ruigns, Nov. 11. Bills. Money. Hanoverian New Loan, 5 per Cent..... Ditto, 3% per Cent. Bank Shares.... •••• • • • • • • Prussian 5 per Cent. ...... •• • ...... Anglo-Russian Loan • ............ Hamburgh Certificates, 5 per Cent • • New 4 per Cent., Hope and Co. ...... Ditto Stieglitz, 4 per Cent. .......... Hamburgh, 3% per Cent ...... ••.. •• 86)4 Lubeck Loan (1850) Belgian Loan, 2% per Cent... — Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent .... • . 72 Ditto, in 1001. Shares • • • • • • • • ...... Dttto,s per cent. 93 92 Anglo.Swodish Loan . ........ Ditto, Transport Loan ...... Ditto, Hy p., 4 per Cents 95 Norwegian 4 per Cents. .... 100 Spanish New 5 per Cent..." ..... 12 ' Ditto, 3 per Cents. ................ 29% 29 Ditto, Angl )-Portuguese Loan, 2% per Cent • • Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent. ••• • • Ditto 3 per Cent. ••• • • • •• • • National Bank Shares American, 6 per Cent. .............. 101 - NS% asuman. Hamb. Bergd. Ditto, Priority Shares •• • •••• •• -- Berlin and Hamburg •••••••• .. .. .. 78 Ditto, Priority Shares .. ••• • • .... .-- —, Ditto, second emission .. ....... ... —.— M ag d e b e rg•Wittenburg .. •• .• ........ 47 45 Ditto, 5 per Cents. ...... •••• —•• .. Cologne and Minden ... • .......... •• 82 81 Ditto, Priority Shares .... ..... ... _ Ditto, 5 per Cents... •.• • .. •....... _ Frederick-William, Northern ........ 31 30 M e l) c i i ; tioet,' berg Priority . ... Shares,.. 4 " ) ii . per .. •C'en.t.. _2B _ Altona and Kiel ..... • ............. _ Gluckstadt .. • ........... • • ........ _ _ CURIOUS CALCULATION.--The Rev. Mr. Gannett reckons that each individual averages three hours comma. tion daily, at the rate of a hundred words a minute, or twenty pages of an octavo volume in an hour. At this rata we talk a volume of 400 pages in a week, and fifty-two volumes in a year. )s , d'n ° 'foal rece ( th [tboub sl °lilt. re igliof 9 , 1 6 to .iod'r Ode' Ad d wet 11 >led tj2° 0. _~ aQ~ .i i. ,4 ) ail' fro m ill