The Sun. — London, England, 1850-09-04 00:00:00

F / .----' so °. 470 on t he f utte' 36 tp CAse. in °lir ote6. ) 04001, H ere of of de' vier' tot :tool ,jecva roil' 01 d ois" ea on 0 o°' A or 1 1 , 0%1 d 5 041" 4 uJr r erlf. Ler t 3 ) o ' 4 ; or vi 5 4 od' 1. d sP r l sss f 15 o f); 1 at, Pt' s .a, ,-/ rr:/ ri , ~/ I 8 111 in 4 y ts` af A , 6 3 rs—King of Oude, 3 3 rs—CE uek °, , t d r 4 (1 b) , 5 yrs _ cd () ifornia, 4 Yr'—'d jer ful yrs--Compass, Compass, 3 yrs—Ojous. 3 yrs 3 Yrs...w 4 yra—Larritrrvve 4 yrs—Thu Nigger, 3 tn. T I l 11 . • ' am the C., nqu , ror, 3 yrs—Be, I,llurk Alp:i s ldY Eden, 3 yrs—fluid of Mashaw, 5 yrs— Ri c h , yrs Eden, Blue, 3 yrs—Alorz), 3 yrs—Wool- Gi eta :_Yrs—M a d e Safe, 3) rs—Strongbow, 3 ? i s 5 yrs—Gl anca, 4 yrs—Mouse, 3 3-rs—Cls b t' 4,Yrs— Champion, 4 yrs—Don Juan, 4 yrs—Back tlrj p i Yr s --Knight Errant, 4 yrs—Cancz , ou, 5 yrs- 7 e~Bl,l Yrs—Le ger d emain, 4 yrz—Gaffer reen, aged , gpd er, 5 m ; J • zspera D za co lt, 3 yrs—Chanticleer,placer Ih Ann, 4 rs roncsF, 3 yrs— Ch fby tr - i n i , e ' , out of Ex0 . i...t, Y 3 yrs—Mickleton, 3 yrs—Mul g‘tt' , ' .3 Y rs - Baroness—P, nang, 3 yrs—T'nrin ....Ltd, • yrs—Post Tempore, 4 yrs—Make Ready, 5 y rs Wi nci . l ' , 4 yrs — El:hiron, 4 yrs—Bushranger, 3 3rs Turd e l ,7, h , grs, 3 yrs—Spot, 4 yrs—M,ludy, 4 3 I'S— , 6;;-"*"`, 3 yrs—The Mease, 6 yrs—Cockermouth, ;_ l urrius, 4 yr;____ \\,,i,•dbt,uild, :3 yrs—Black Diva:!, 31 Altainistrstur, G y ri—Chantrvy, 4 yrs — 'l T , in t , , 3 yrs— Kenningtor, 4 yrs—Mahon, 5 yr s 3 Th., e p i n, 5 yrs—May D,y, 4 yrs—l3olingbrc , , : kr, "elarius, 4 yrs—Calif:ruin, 3 yrs (Sir L. I 'got s) , " . o ° l, 4 ,, Pti T r t 4 Yrs—C.llir ,sood, a-ed—Rticd3 ma, 3 . yr s 4 'i:e4raway, Out cfCruiskc7n, 3 yrs—Strychnine, lluirdr-TdBeAacuan, 3 yrs—ltalian, 3 yrs—Raby, 4 yrs— Ns(' Y r s — Langton, 4 yrs — Prie s 'es' , 4 Z rs— : 4 stie. 3 gelding by Young , ong_ 11 /41 ; ? I ,irt of Wimilitss, 4 yrs—The Cocktail,. 4 rs- 6 Itt..qrPle:, 3 yrs—Vancouver, 3 yrsbagacity, 'Si ~° , l e )comb, 4 yrr—Turp r. 3 yrs—Aldgate. 4 Hal, 4-... Bl ir h " u°, 3 yrs—Weathercock, 5 yrs—King 41J",te 6 rrede 3 yrs—lititaway, 4 yrs—Beaupre ~ Yrs— Thistledown, 3 rs—Clelia, 3 yrs—Her- Woi4i Yrs-- Clothworker, 4 yrs—Sir Launcelot, 4 yrs— /to :Wer, 4 yrs—Borneo, 4 yrs—Bon Mot, , , y r r a s ne a yr 'Ler, 4 yrs— Iron Iron Rail, 6 yrs--Knight of Csis , 3 yr83...5.,he S windler, 3 yrs—Repletion, 4 yrs—Harriott, why riardinge 3 yrs—Falcon, 3 yrs—Preslaw, 3 yrs Gladiator, out of Revival, 3 yrs—Panope, 3 yrs— l'aght°ls, 6 yrs—Loadstoce, 5 yrs—Rabelais, 3 yrs reas t 7: t r ,n , s yri — Garforth, 3 yrs—Tho Cur, aged- 3 I r i l •• ;al i ) I yrs—The Moor, 5 yrs—St. George, 4 -4 1 4 13 5r," e i 3 Yrs—Longinuo, 3 yrs—Utrccht, 3 yrs— yrs. BEDFORD, 1850. Otetil Ace ePtances fur the Bedfordshire Stakes. _____ _ 4 yrs, 4 Yr B , 7st 51b—Glen Saddel, 5 yrs, 7st—Wild 7s t—Cheerful, 4 yrs, ist—Kissaway, h r ' s, 4 yrs, Gat 131b—Hope, 5 yrs, .Est 131b 51t 51L. 4 ' 74 4 Yrsr, 65t 10Ib—Bird of Paradise, 5 yrs, 'ILL. inilhum, 4 IT, Est 7113—Capsicum, 5 yrs, 6 I tiSuater, 4 yrs,Y6st Calmar, 3 yrs, sst 41b. .1%1 AVAL INTELLIGENCE. Admiral t°111:11„4°17T11, TUESDAY.—By the do ,th of lat e - "ect Itobert Dudley Oliver, which took place on 84,1cia°11atry residence, Barnhill, Dalkey, , a. a Pike. / l ot/ aged 83, the following promotions t k th A dtai of the White John Cochet to be Admiral of fldmi ' ir ille 2ill ai i( o e f : the Blue John Machellar to be Admiral to b,%Adaiiral of th e R e d Si r Th os . B r iggs, G.C.M.G., Ole", °lAd ra' of the Blue. " cf the Bu V i " to be Vice - Admiral off the the Redlkeley Mackworth 10/ A dmiral of the Blue James Richard Dacres to Ilea;Adrairal of the White ViAckairal of the Red the Hon. George Poulett to lieu; 4dnairal of the Blue. A dtoi r : l 4 drairal of the White Henry Hope to be Rear die4,"Acl the Red, otto:"Acoiral of the Blue the Hon. George Alfred pl~ be Rear -Admiral of the White. the .6141 Jame s Erskine Wemyss to be Rear-Admiral h Th e i!le. ` t °,..alor o t h r lt Lord o f t h e Adm i ralty ma d e t h e f o ll ow i ng 1 : 1 4ie nt l ;" 8 this m orn i ng : 4 411; 44 ts—Ed war d F . N . K . W asey , o f t h e Vi c t or i a Ottne.ert, to the rank of Commander. Philips,co~la and D. M'Crea, Alexinder )7lt 0 4 f . alker, of the Victoria and Albert, to the 'hit% '4lelltenant; Moreton Jones, to the rank of T , t ilt• steam-ves el Commander St. Leger, went l i tk loiZ r ,,hur ord upon lor last night, s and ' sailed before sunrise this tt Plymouth Such hurry as this is very the tradesmen of a port where the vessel fife t ) fn -ut e el's and men have no time to adjust their ac -11 3, d v e „ 11 , great injury to trade is consequently done. "Itlt. - " s ct will most likely be in Plymouth ;...ound a 't he Str ornb oh steam-sloop, Cander morning or or Livers , o n , APPOINTMENTS. t:Utho-eqert SEPT .3.--Midshipmen—Henry T. Boger rl t t - e 4 .1. 11f411 at - , -- 1 - 2 S;illiam admiral `gore I.,:ue Portland, 50 flag-shlP of Rear Har d-443- 4' etl3 , f P:cific station. t lit,r,„. ... or the ~. liahin !,4ssistant—V. F. Johnson to the Fisgard , 4E Wool • h 1614%41, e, ' de t — J w o lc hn . Giffard to the Dragon steam ,e, : , rortunouth. 0,1),,i4 Jo hnson,of the compass series R4:10; left to-day for Sheerness, to make 1t _ .e. department at ttiett'Lrittenta in adjusting : the compasses of the Al 414a e l a r Tj a l r e' u oP, 0 now read , : for at a at that port. T h kelf rey 4 ,steam.ve l el, e l ff ,ie t( u l- t d en ay an a t t • NI e. pirtn Webster, was paid . C Vrou ni hs a t d h e . r now reported ready for tl tc lal.i Y stean2-31°°P is n will hoist the pLia un d 4 ?o, and it is ex sated she T he rit, the N e present week. A tt hs r Ali t ,' .Scotia n st a t es th a t during the recent cr_uis l e . i' 4• Co t" sloop Sappho, 12, Commander the . uoi "4 . "t' Earlof Dundonald, in the , Ys ~f b Nee, son of the f Shew, as f .v flatly, W h en i n t h e vicinity 0 • hire fell h t Veih r the first-class boys helonging toip_ t. Tit th ' n 'tr : l, and Was to all appsarance irretrievably lust. i't th© Ji.°l4llg commander of the Sappho, notwithstand .s th tt ti ti e l 4 t ia -d e Was running like a mill race, threw off . 111 b : li tt p a Aed into the water, and succeeded in saving -4 3'. - ' 1( e) to the admiration of the whole ship's com- AD4 I , l' h° 9L TY INSPECTION AT PORTSMOUTH ; 1144"04.1rairalt inspected the Royal Marine Artillery, It/t s t -1,43ae1- C Y otneaand a nt Gibsone, on Monday eve rd n; hi t , thtgeir barracks, in Portsmouth, and a h f e te ra a several Adtdart,eir aanual banquet to the heads of . t . I. 4 Ylltit -e t i ll _ a 2 tbd to all - the captains in commission; about I ) ," t a th, uw l l to dinner. The commanders (we believe ' 4l) we re rt ' b eitig so many captains in comm b i.. i, iii ‘teht b not invited, though it has alwaysbeen t v he . 4tiot,' 4itherto for them to be honoured with an in i ti . h e Etr e is 4 ,' 11 ' has to state that the First Lord, Sir _Fran: ye xt' d W rill e" rt ift: .. eaost liberally presented 254 to the 1..;0ck 1 0 4 e8te rd 'ut, flien's Library. the d ,_ItY morning at ten o'clock the Admiralty went h - Ned `'enard, where their flab was hoisted, and tran . - Z*142.50111: qbeiat business. At eleven Sit. Francis i ßho Ilear-Ad i l Berktly, and Captain Milne, it ilie ll ' oh t i hei ! barg e r o a n board the Victory, on board 1 7 Nod P the Admiral Commander-in-Chief, the Hon. to ° 41 ° shi n C aPel, Ca tain Blackwood, and the officers h ,• 4 rtie," -- P; vvith a guard of honour furnished by 1'44'8! received them. The ship's company a t r . ,d e e aoyrntees were • tered, and the books of the swore; mined,eXa inas and the boys put through their th e 179 ()tilt/. . h. Islet . At twelve the Admiralty left ex_rciat s. A 'eh k . , and proceeded to the Bri..annia, on board I;lllll:ll,,ri,ligt:Proth..e,y Were' received by the Rear-Admiral- Ike , : orclinc, .n Yates,, t and the officers. The *il l 'ed. /, as establish men were . mustered and in h IJ ' l 5 expected that some important . changes . ; k b' stei n ° n in this establishment. The Britannia x is t IN e r i`Tg in h er •„,- , &c. the Admiralty rand ''lt rt 'e n t i u P the h r a i rlOu n r -, and visited the Rodney Th e Lhers of the advanced ships. ti Prtest ill ack Eagle, Admiralty yacht, will leave to cdttiiVrning early for Cherbourg with the Boar h d e o r f teturn'adY, who Will visit the Channel Islands on t i 1 1 „ ~ e t i lth .4 - 11 4Ight laing steamer will sail to-morrow morn__in a g . , e t„ P IS' -ri g r als Sir Thomas Cochrane, Sir Charles N ~ Alo il l o `r, • Seri:l2ollr &c., for Cherbourg. -I,o`lll'to7,lre'Queen ' steamer , will also sail to-morrow per l yar Cherbourg, with Captain Check, and the Ic elle,,l ll ! i Ying at the College, and some fow from the . 1 4 --, 11l all about 45 persons. vrith e"rt,sraouth yacht will go over, we urderstand, , trw,s4Ptain C. Eden and a party of his friends. tt will " Private of the Lindsay and the Albert,.on 4 rti tti f s° Proceed steamers the with large parties , Th e rh°lo Portsmouth, chiefly naval officers. , h a d her gun steam-frigate, Captain Giffsr p bt Spaes as to-day and will leave ortsmouth, k'l,,`",Nt(l to-ntorrow. '4CI SES OF COMMODORE MARTIN'S a .kt da , SQUADRON. /2 4 (1 -111 ,ght on Mo. da • 22d July, the squadron un 7 -,‘,,,, c ; arternoon of d the Y' same day the Arcthusa and 41 4r e s ' e r Rot under weigh and proceeded as ras Passe Vito ' kid anchored about five P.M. Bo ° t °4 t hereat of the squadron, consisting The . e f o .f l I o Princewi 'lg N• et i,'•PhEtetorit Arrogant, and Encounter, joined a t n he . e▪ l, " I P' who had orders to get under weight ' 1 ti ull ho ill the) evening the whole were over the bar, nd . , si otil i gia the following order of sailing:—Main in 1 411 his. il.:1" Regent, Leander, and Arethusa. Lar -4d f ' - ' 181°4—Phaeton and Arrogant. The Encounter 0411Oict to windward. *l4:4made”sdaY at the usual hour, 8.30 A.M., signal kW 4ett iag st ill' I°l. general exercise , . m . akin d g itt a n n , dz e h ti o n r g tenag . of e. • No, uddlng sails, taking in . p a :Xer .i..",t I PF, on the whole, at no period has this sort -11 L " ueen so smartl executed, a proof that when 4 eti tt q ll3 well disciplined it Y is not requisite to keep n th ey em . i The llltil Y at drill in order to maintain their efficie nom eXereise had h dly terminated, and everything l k il l, te e a r : thrs h,en the signal " try rate of sailing" , ti ute, h . ;ta of the commodore. The Regent , as here was a . el 'eti tt_ 4l ' gene some distance to wint.dward, and Infore Ail s the fri,ate whole topsails, topgallant It w i ; i 'ciy me, f i t b, fi g,. under b, th tee, ,41,1511 t N.N. V i ir ing se j a i sm a o n A l h d , rfoivrteres'obf tad wind two do on ti lt?: ' 1 t'l a . r . ti tig l e of going four to six knots. ta n gy c e , f the ships - had the following bearings ... and eik 1 5 fro the Prince Regent:—Leander, S. 35 E., 4 4, - 44 111 9 n, - 111,,i1e,; P , haet . on, S. 40 E., distance 1.55 miles; 14 k; ' ) di - . ° 43 E distance 2.12 miles; Arrogant, S. 4 4 4 6, h o e 2.73 miles. During the tri t _LI: . ilady, 4titi?urs, the wind was very variable and u 1 0 resat,. On , the order to re-form we found the follow -09 ri‘-t-haeton seined on Prince R. gent 3 . .92 . t s ll ,, Ai:: 449.ander, 2.45 miles; on Arethusa, 1.25 miles, 11 1 4 (i t e h r e ttej a l i t ' b 2 . 8 5 iks. On Friday, 26th, we had u *i 4d ~ all p la . Y the wind. We stai t d at 11.15 A.m., ill, force of 'll4 '' a" 14 Sail, Wind N.N.E" seasmoo At starting s t i tea b or r atF of soiling 4 to 5 knots. ,7 _ the: l 2 ll es ; I: ii cub Prince Regent S. E., distance tli st , S, 4., „...,noe*, S. 51 F., distance 5.2 ° miles; Are tit :Iles •2 7' •'distance 4.9 miles; Arrogant, m S. 24 ki t ill 'ielu s i o „ llll , l ,. s• This trial lasted 2h.. 45 . a 1” t 4 p. 0 11 :-: rbaeton had gained on Prince Regent 5.9 "440 ' 4ll der 3 7 miles; on Arethu s a, 3,3 miles; ttlt 4 i * ' ~ Mile. Saturday, shortly after noon, the signal was made fur the " main division to make sail." Aretbusa end Leander immediately shook out reefs of topsail, but it was noticed that the Prince Regent took no part in these proceedings. Oar speculations v ere speedily set aside by the signal that the two former ships were to try rate ef sailing by the wind. At 12.15 they started on the r,:arboard tielc under all plain sail. The wind vs as very variable, and in less than an hour had altered nearly three pints Under these circumstances we cenidder that the commodore, having each-red the vessels to close, was of opinion that the trial would be unsatis factory, and therefore annulled it. When ordered to close Arethuse had ga!ned on Leander 520 yards. It is but fair to observe that every change of wind was in favour of the Arethusa, the ships falling off. Sea smooth; force r f a ind 3 to 4; distance sailed 6 5 rei!es. On Monday wo had a trial off the wind, commencing at 11 AM. and r ailing at 3 P , wind E.N E., course W.N.W., force of wind 3 ti 4, sea smooth, and rate of going to 81 knots. Whole distance run 25 miles, under sail with starboard studding tails. The bear ings and distanc,s of the ships from Prince lie•g% nt at starting were as under:--The Phae!on, S. 9 E , distance 1 75 mites; Leander, S. 16 E., distance 1.36 mites; Are thusa, S. 38 E , distance 1.91 miles; Arrogant, S. 17 E., distance 2.25 mites. At the termins:tion Phaeton had gained en Prince Regent 4.18 miles; D ander, 1.25 miles; Arethusa. 1.15 miles; Arrogant. 2.42 miles. On Tuesday, 30th July, made St. Michael's, end on Wednesday commodore stood in towards Villa Franca, and communicated with the consul, the squadron stand ing off and un under easy sail. We expected to be at Payal so as to meet the homeward-bound, West India Mail, bat after dodging about the channels leading to that island, wo went off towat ds Angou, chief town of Terceira. Whilst the commodore was communicating with the consul the frigates were exercising at general quarters, firing at a mark. This was on Saturday, 3€l August. In the evening we bore up for Lisbon. On Monday, sth, we bad a trial by the wind, commencing at 10 30 A.M., and ending at 3 30 P.M., wind light, vary ing from N.E. to N.N.E., slight head swell and strength of wind 4. At starting Arrogant was on Phaeton's post quarter, Leander on her starboard bow; and Are thus aon larboard quarter of Leander. They started on the port tack. Shortly after starting Leander split her foretopgallant.sail. This accident gave her competitors considerable advantage. About 1 P.M. her royal haul yards carried away. This trial, after various fluctuations, terminated as follows:—Phaeton gained on Prince Re gent 8.32 miles; Leander, 3.50 miles; Arethusa, 2.70 miles; and Arrogant, 4.38 miles. Arrogant has improved in a most astonishing degree since our last trials ; aad Leander has improved, but in a less degree. We have yet to try in a strong breeze ; but the general impression is that the vessel is not ;yet built which will excel the Phaeton. On Sunday, 11th, we made all sail (I mean the com modore) in order to get an anchorage before dark. Phaeton lost a mon overboard, who was picked up by Arrogant. This accident caused them to get out of station, and in making sail to regain it the signal was made to demand the rate of going of Phaeton ; she re plied 13i knots ; Phaeton going under single-reefed topsails, topgallantsails, and courses. Anchored its Cascacs Bay and the Bay of Passo d'Arcos in the even ing. Phaeton, Leander, and Arro g ant got under weigh early in the following morning, and took up berths off Lisbon. In consequence of the strong_ gales, Prince Regent and Arethusa did not break ground until Wednesday following. Found here the St. Lawrence United States frigate, and Colombo Sardinian brig. These have both left. We are at present waiting the arrival of a vessel from England with stores. Having received these ..we shall be off for another cruise.— Port mouth Times. HEALTH of LONDON DURING the WEEK. (From the Registrar-General's Return.) The health of London is now better than it usually is at this season of the year. 882 deaths were regis tered ; the average of the ten corresponding weeks (1840-9) is 1,078; or, corrected for the increase of population, 1,176. If the week of 1849 is omitted— when 2,796 persons died—the corrected average is 968 ; and the deaths last week are less by 86 than this number. In the last week of August, 1849, cholera carried off 1,663, diarrhoea 234 lives: in the corresponding week of this year the deaths from cholera were 4; from diarrheel 118 ; and at the present time there is no trace of Asiatic cholera in London. A coster monger, with diseased kidneys, died of English cho lera in Walworth, on August 21 ; three cases of cholera infantum were also registered in the week. The following are the particulars of the four deaths : On the 30th of August, at Windsor-cottazes, Kensal-town, the daughter of a single woman, aged 4 months, " cholera, English (7 days), dy sentery." On the 27th of August, at 110, Lillington-street, Westminster, the son of a journeyman carpenter, aged 5 months, " cholera infantum (2 days)." On the 21st of August, at 1, Union-street, East street, Sr. Peter's, Walworth, a costermonger, aged 28 years, " cholera Anglica, kidneys diseased."— Post mortem. On the 28th of July, at the Artillery Barracks, Woolwich, the daughter of a barrack-master, aged 11 months, " cholera infantum (5 days)." In addition to diarrhoea, the two zymotic diseases that deserve attention are typhus and scarlatina ; typhus was fatal to 14 children, to 23 adults between the ages of 15 and 60, and to 3 old people—in all to 40 persons ; scarlatina and putrid sore throat to 28 children ueder the age of 15, to 4 adults, and to one person in advanced life. Scarlatina, which is so fatal to young persons, has been advancing slowly for the last 30 weeks ; it was fatal in the three series of ten wteks in 146, 185, and 212 cases. It will be ob served in the Registrar's notes that, as is usually the case, the disease has prevailed with severity in parti• cular localities. 'The prevalence of intolerable fetid exhalations from the sewers during the week appears to have attracted attention. What would be thought of the arrange ments of a city in which the smoke was poured from the street level? yet it is known that smoke is much less noxious than the roitonous vapours that are still suffered to exhale from the gullyholes into the streets and houses of the metropolis. If an epidemic of scarlatina is . impending, the removal of this nuisance should be immediately considered, as nothing tends more to make scarlatina a putrid disease than stink ing, putrescent vapours. By the Greenwich observations, the mean reading of the barometer was 29,979 inches, or much higher than in the previous weeks. The mean temperature of the Thames was GI deg., of the air 56 9 deg , which is 3.5 deg. below the average. The wind was south west and north-west, and often stagnant, travelling at the rate of 230 or 325 miles a day for three days, and from 40 to 85 miles during the last four days of the week. Rain fell ou Monday and Wednesday, but it was not the one-seventh part of an inch. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS. NUMBER OF DEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES REGISTERED IN THE WEEK ENDING SATURDAY, AUG. 31, 1550. Epidemic, Endemic, and Contagious Diseases ...*267 Diseases of Uncertain Seat ... ..• 40 Tubercular Diseases ...• ... 161 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses... ... 103 Di se ases of the Heart and Blood - vessels ... 33 Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs .of Respiration ... 75 Diseases of the Stomach, Liver , and other Organs of Digestion... •.• •••• ••• ••• 34 Diseases of the Kidney s, Sze. •• • •.. ••• 9 Childbirth, Diseases of the Uterus, &c. ... 15 Diseases of the Joints, Bunes, and muscles ... 2 Diseases of the Skin, &c. 0 Malformatiens... ... ..• ••• ••• ••• P - lure Birth ... ... ... ••• •31 'ream. Atrophy ••• ••• ••• ••• ••• 32 Old Ag o ••• ••• ••• IL•• •• • 3 3 Sudden ••• ••• ••• ••• 9 Violence, Privation, Cold, and Intemperance ... 32 Causes not specified ••• ••• ••• ••• 5 rEATHS FROM ALL CAUSES ... ••• 882 Population Deaths in corre- Deaths Enumerated, spondinz week in the 1841. of 1849. Week. West Districts... 301,189 . . 353 ... 122 North Districts.. 376,568 .. 309 ... 181 Central Districts 374,199 ... 386 ... 144 East Dis , ricts ... 393,067 ... 712 ... 208 south Districts .. 503,346 ... 1,036 ... 227 T0ta15........ 1,948,369 ... 2,796 ... 882 Males ... 451 Females ... 431 BIRTHS IN THE WEEK. Males ... 727 ... Females ... •.. ••• ••• 734 Total ... .. 1,461 *ln this number are included 33 by Scarlatina, 40 by Typhus Fever, 118 by Diarrhoea, and 4 by Cholera. POPULATION OF GERMANY.—The late Parlia mentary census of the German States shows the following figures:—Prussia contains 16,112,948 inhabitants; Bavaria, 4,501,874 ; Saxony, 1,K6,433 ; Hanover, 1,758,856 ; Wur temberg, 1,743,87 ; Baden, 1,349,930; Electoral Hessen, ; Grand Duchy of Hessen, 852,679; Saxony-Weimar, 257,373; Saxony-Coburg-Gotha, 147,195; Saxony-Meinin gen, 160.515; Saxony-Altenburg, 129,589; Brunswick, 268,943; Nassau, 418,627 ; Mecklenburg-Schwerin, 528,185; Oldenburg. 278,909; Anhalt- Dessau, 63,082; Anhalt- Cothen, 43,1'0; Anhalt-Bernburg, 45,844; Schwarzburg- Rudolstadt, 68,711; Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, 58,682 ; Reuss-Major, 35,159; Reuss-Minor, 77,016; Lippe, 108,236; Schaumburg -Lippe, 28,837; Waldek. 57,604 • making a total of 31,67 0 , 237 inhabitants of Germany, exclusive of the German provinces of Austria, Holl?rd, and Denmark, of the Free Ilanse citi , s, and the petty principalities of Hessen- Homburg and Lichtenstein —Kutner Zeituig. BRIGIITON.—The theatre here opened for the season on Saturday last, under the ma: agement of Mr. Belcour, of provincial celebrity. Ile has spared no expense to render the theatre available to its numerous visitors, with a good company selected from the principal London stars, with Sheridan Knowles's play of the Hunchback, a divertisement, and the farce of That Rascal Jack, The house was very fully attended. A rumour has been raised, no doubt by scmo parties who desire to seize upon the representation of this city, that Mr. Divett is to be appointed successor to the late J. hey, Esq., the Clerk of the House of Commons. Our re . commendation is to the fiiends of Mr. Divett to be wary, and not allow themselves to be tricked into any premises, under any condicions whateyer.—Deronshire Chronicle of yegerclay. • MAGAZINES, c.—(CON TIN UED.) DUBLIN UNIVERSITY. In the present number our scampish young friend, Maurice 'Tierney, has a very narrow escape for his life, after condemnation to death by a court-martial fur breach of discipline induced by over-zeal to rout the enemy. His career is, we anticipate, about to take a very interesting turn. The notice of Leigh Hunt's Autobiography is a very readable paper, doing fair justice to that delightful writer and amiable man. "Lady Alice Daventry ; or, the Night of Crime," is a tale of dark and terrible interest. We have next an article devoted to Words worth's new poem "The Prelude," a work abounding with instruction and elevated poetry, and, despite oc casional obscurities, well worthy of the fame of the monarch of the Lake School. Jonathan Freke Slingsby gives capital versions of some of the popular chansons of Ft ance, among which are those vener able F eterans, "Malbroak," ofttimes hummed by Na poleon, and the Parisian favourite, "Au Clair de la lune." We know of no translator who gives a failicul version, yet with all the air of original composition, more felicitously than gentle Master Slingsby. " Elfinair," a legendary ballad of fairyland, and the stanzas entitled " The Railway," are well worthy of a place in the pages of this sterling periodical. The opening chapters of "Grace Kennedy" are written with power and natural feel ing, and if the tale be similarly sustained throughout it is likely to take a high rank among the navels of domestic life. A clear and complete amount of in formation with regard to the origin and working of the Encumbered Estates Court is embraced in an article, which stamps a high value on the September number of this magazine. We would direct particu lar attention to it, cordially uniting in the general opi nion expressed by the writer as to the great benefits which will ultimately arise from the operations of this long-needed successor, or rather superseder of "that hoary vice, that grey iniquity," the Court of Chan cery. The few pages devoted to a consideration of the modern French novelists have afforded us exceed ing pleasure by the truthfulness and clear-sightedness which pervades them. Of Balzac, it is said, "Superior to all the other writers of his country, he is a leader among their errors. Capable of pourtraying, with the exquisite simplicity of the most perfect art, every phase and shade of character—a great dramatist and powerful narrator—be has over the feelings of his readers the same control which the musician exercises on the strings or keys of his instrument. He holds us for the time bounden slaves to the lamp of his genius. His humour is playful and variable • we laugh and sigh at his bidding. Alas ! that he should have so often and so shamelessly employed these fair and gracious gifts of his Maker in the service of vice and seduction, and swelled Iris pages with a wit so unpardonably gross, profane, and blasphemous." Of Paul de Rock—" He is a modern Smollett, and a Hogarth without his moral intention& We think, however, that his readers must sometimes be re minded, while engaged with his pages, of one of the discoveries of modern agriculture, namely, that it is possible to manure too highly." Of Sue and Dumas —" They recall, by their gaudy, exaggerated style, the paintings of the revolutionary David, and like him, they love to grind up their colours with blood. And of George Sand—" This intellectual hermaphro dite exhibits in her works the frailties and weakness of the woman combined with the vices of the man. She plunges into great social questions and philsophic disquisitions with the same confidence that she handles a trim. con." Due praise is awarded to Charles de Bernaud ; to Madame Reybaud, the captivating writer of the " Annals of the Old Convents of Paris," and the brilliant depictor of the glowing landscapes of the tropics; to Brisset, Berthoud, and Sandeau. The following observations struck us as being parti cularly happy a -- " The genuine wit of the French must strike every reader of their literature ; it is eminently compact and keen ; compared with ours, it as the blade of a lancet to the rusty, coarse-grained steel of a school.boy's bread and-cheese knife ; its meaning may travel from one mind to another, by the airy conveyance of an intona tion, an interjection, a single word. It is playful, bril liant, intangible as the sunbeam, which we might as well attempt to catch and shut up in an oak-box, as to pack in the strong practical sounds of Saxon-English French wit, or the delicate beauty of French sentiment— they belong neither to our mind nor our language; they shrink from our grasp; they grow pale and spiritless when we attempt to embody them." And, again, speaking of the novels of the modern French school,— " We cannot wonder at the nest with which they are perused, for the writers, in very many instances, possess great power; they hold at their command a passionate and melting eloquence, an exquisite sensibility to grace and beauty, the acute delicacy of the most vivid percep tions, and the resources of the most expressive of living languages. Disguised and coloured by these precious properties, for the last twenty years the novelists of France have been laying before the reading world their perverted notions on the laws of God and man, on the subjects of right and wrong, of morality and immor tality; they have been endeavouring to excite our feel ings and enlist our sympathies in behalf of the woman, Lien censer - rive of 45, who employs herself in the artistic seduction of some handsome youth—in the unnatural rivalry of mother and daughter for the - aff,ctions of one man—in the betrayal at the same time of the erring, confiding mistres , , and her ignorant hapless femme dc char bre—in the love of the high-born countess for some intelligent peasant or mechanic. At other times, to give an additional zest to the narrative, we are k, pt quiver ing through the whole of two volumes with the fear that our interesting heroine may be unknowingly in volved in an intrigue with her own natural son; or, by way of variety, the whole treasure of en innocent young heart is lavished on some abominable criminal ; and others contain scenes and passages with the mention of which we dared not sully our pages. To deal rightly with a great proportion of those books—so remarkable fur perverted powers—we should possess Hugh Lati mer's heroic gift of plain speaking; and did we arraign at the bar of critical justice, by their right names, the sins to which those pages are dedicated, we can assure the reader we should startle their ears by a very ugly and ill-sounding nomenclature." The essay on the character of the late Sir Robert Peel is a masterly production. It is evidently the offspring of a dispassionate and reflective mind, and we make no hesitation in yielding our tribute of ad miration from the consideration that our own views of the departed statesman are not altogether in accordance with those of the gifted writer. On the great ques tion of the currency—if not on Catholic emancipation and the corn-laws—we discern a similarity of opi nion to those of our own school, although the writer has hovered about, not grappled with the subject, and is cautious in pronouncing a decided judgment. Had Peel been spared to his country, we have no doubt that he would ere long have proved himself the reformer of that impolitic and injurious monetary code of which he was himself the mistaken though conscientious originator. Whatever b e our opinions as to the ac curacy of the notions clearly and temperately ex pressed in these pages, the ability and high tone of feeling manifested throughout them must be appre ciated by their perusers, no matter of what shade of political feeling. To the concluding tribute to the private excellences of the mighty dead who will not heartily respond P— " Of the private character of this eminent man there is, there could be, but one opinion. It was, in the highest degree, excellent. He was the light and the joy of the domestic circle; and his charities found their stealthy way to many an abode of suffering and of anguish, where the artist lay upon the bed of sickness, heart-broken and destitute; or, m ore unhappy still, with a family around him pining for food. Often has the man of letters, whose pen had been dipped in gall against him, found in him, when overtaken by want and woe, a munificent benefactor. Nor were those deeds of mercy few and far betvvet n. It is our belief that an appeal to his compassion, whether by friend or enemy, never was made in vain; that neither his ear nor his purse were ever closed to the tale of calamity, from whomsoever it proceeded;' and that he was as simple and unostentatious in the mode, as he was literal in the measure of his princely charities. Doubtless all those works of love returned largely into his own bosom; and when he suffered most keenl y under what he deemed the detraction and malignity. of party hate, 'sweet must have been the odour of their memory, and pleasant the balm of their consolation!' " FRASER. Fraser this month is a purely literary periodical, and the greater number of the literary articles are of a very high order of merit. Our friend, the Natura list, continues his delightful leaves from his note book, and gives us a pleasant account of the serpent-charmers, from the days of the Psalmist down to this present month of September, 1850, when two of the race are attracting all the London world to the Regent's-park Zoological Gardens. General Conway's "Letters to Horace Walpole" are continued, and the tale of " The Heirs of Gauntry" is concluded. The article entitled " The Sounding Statue of Memnon" is one of the most logical examples cf classical criticism which it has ever been our good fortune to peruse. Well would it have been for the cause of truth had all writers of history possessed the critical acumen, the remarkable power of weighing evidence, the logical method, and the sound judgment of the writer of that very remarkable paper. We have re views of Tennyson's Poems, of Professor Creasy's Eminent Etonians, and of the late musical season. The number commences with an introductory chap ter to a series of papers entitled " The Age of Veneer," in which the writer tells us it is his inten tion to " show up" all sorts of "shams ;" and con cludes with a pleasant gossip anent the watering places and summer haunts of England. THE BRITISH GAZETTEER. Parts XVI. and XVII. of this admirable compila tion are illustrated by maps of Yorkshire and Mon mouthshire, four of which are devoted to separate portions of the former great county, and by two ad mirable engravings, one of the Town-hall, Liverpool, and the other cf the New Buildings, St. John's, Cambridge. 576 pages of information, embracing a vast =opt of statistical details, and lxoid►y and accurately arranged, have now appeared, and we feel confident that this compreLensive work—a work ne cessarily involving vast labour and expense—will, on its completion, be found the most valuable book of reference which has yet appeared as a Road-book and County Atlas, and prove of the most bignal utility to the man of business and the traveller. THE GEJVTLEMANS. Sylvanus Urban suppiieihstoTeoiinteresting and readable matter fur this present month of September. He telleth pleasant anecdotes of Sir Thomas Wyatt the poet, and his family, describeth graphically and lithographically various monuments of antiquity to be found at Cirencester and at Oxford, and adminis tereth deserved castigation to Mr. Panizzi for his un justifiable delay in compiling the catalogue of the Museum Library. THE. PALLADIUM. A third number of thi;;;;Tridcxcellent pericdi cal opens most admirably with a criticism upon the genius of Currer Bell. The writer evinces a : , übtle appreciation of those powers of perceptivity which are absolutely r( quisite in the novelist. His observation upon Dickens, that his genius has been " s'rong enough to create a literature," and upon Thackeray's skill in painting his portraits of character, " ssith a nicety of di,tinctive taste that makeS them infallible," are evidences of his ability to comprehend the re spective merits of the various living contributors to our imaginative literature. The fallowing passage from this roni this criticism will show th e style in which it is written : " Who is Currer Bell? is a question which has been variously answered, and has lately, we believe, received, in well informed quarters, a satisfactory reply. A year or two ago we mentally solved the problem thus: Currer Bell is a woman. Every word she utters is female. Net femine, but female. There is a sex about it which can not be mistaken, even in its manliest attire. Though she translated the manuscript of angels—every thought neutral and every feeling cryptoganious—her voice would betray her. Though she spoke in thunder, and had the phrase and idiom cf Achilles, she cannot think in a beard. Far more curious, perhaps, than anything her pen pourtrays, is her own involuntary revelation of the heart of woman. It is not merely improbable, but impossible, that a man has written ' Jane Eyre.' Only a woman's eye could see man as she sees him. The landscape is too near to us to glow with purple light. We cannot make a religion of man, for to us he has no mysteries. We cannot worship the idol whose mortality aches in all our bones. We hear no oracles—we who have so ellen smelt the stench under the tripod. Currer Bell is not so troubled. She thinks ot the abstraction, man, with all the blissful ignorance of a boy's dreams of svomar. To her, ho is a thing to be studied present, and mused upon absent. He comes, and she owns her master; departs, and leaves the air full of vision. She hangs on every word of her hero, as though it were a message from the unknown. His how d'ye dos' leave a track of glory behind them, and his monosyllables have an atmosphere through which they shine the very stars of fate. For her, he cannot leave the room but on high intent, and shuts the door after him on a world of busy speculation. Her cars are open before he speaks, and the unhappy monarch eats, drinks, coughs, smiles, walks, and sits in a distressing state of unmitigated significance. Is he sullen? It is the wrath ot Jove; the thunderous exhalations of a universe of cares. Point not, oh mortal, thy conducting finger, lest thou bring down the light nings of heaven! Is he mute? With holy awo she listens to his silence, and gazes on the taciturn face, till the Memnon grows musical. He is plotting empires; he is dreaming epics; he heaves with incommunicable sor rows. Is be gay? She does not wonder that the whole world looks brighter; for, for aught she knows or doubts, he may be leagued with the powers of nature them selves. Alack•a• day ! But then, to her, he walks in gloty; to us in ' one pound ten' and a dickey.' To her, the great hero who shakes the earth ; to us, a poor Histrio,wills rotten teeth and corns. Never since—or before—the destruction of the cities has man looked on man with this romance of latent love. Currer Bell, then, is a woman, and a young woman. With a heart, when she wrote Jane Eyre,' as yet unengaged, though perhaps not wholly un smitten; with experience of little more latitude than her home-circle and native parish (though we augur that she has been unusually fortunate in the peculiar cha racteristics of these), and with powers which have al ready drawn the best eyes i❑ England en this young 'Penthesilea mediis in millibus,' who, if she can endure the trial of early success, will work one of the richest fields which the world ever offered to labour, and, hand in hand with one or two poets, may have to carry down to posterity the ideal literature of our day." After this comes a review of the Parliamentary session just completed, a second paper on "The Invasion of Nepaul" (interesting to all those who are curious as to the visit recently paid to England by the Nepaulese Ambassador), and a notice of the " British Asso ciation," revised by Sir David Brewster. Three more chapters are given of " The Minister of Fi nance," and a most eulogistic commemoration, in fact, a sort of literary apotheosis, of Mr. William Wordsworth. These, with other miscellaneous papers, constitute the third number of the Palladium. FINE ARTS. THE ART JOURNAL, Prominent its usual among the contents of this elegantly illustrated periodical are the engravings from the pictures of the Vernon Gallery. Since the demise of the Queen Dowager the public have beet) Nippily enabled to obtain a view of the original paint- ings in their present position on the walls of Marl borough House. From the first, however, thanks to the enterprise of the proprietors of the Art Journal, the people at large, even the inhabitants of the provinces, have been empowered to obtain some notion of the genius displayed in modern art by Englishmen—empowered so to do by this admirable series of engraved repre sentations. In the number for September we have an e xquisite copy by the graver Of lqr. Artlett of the " Countess" by Sir Thomas Lawrence. Besides this there is Mr. C,_o usens , t ransc ript of the " High land Cottage " by A. F raser; and Mr. Bentley's plate of "The Port of L eg h orn ," by Sir A. W. Cal cott. The latter pa r ti cu l ar l y forms an exquisite specimen of engraving. As embellishments illus trative of passages from the poets we find this month Miller's sketch of the Ariel of Shakspere, and Ilulme's representation of the Garden of the Countess of Winchilsea. The artist's pencil in the last-men tioned vignette has truthfully defined those " -- paths so lost and trees to high, That the world may ne'er invade, Thro' such windings and such shade, Our unshaken liberty." Among the miscellaneous contributions to the Art Journal must be especially particularised a likeness of John Burnet, accomp an i e d by his autobiography. Mr. Wornum, the historian of art, contributes a charming paper on "Modern Moves" among the artists of our generation. Perhaps the most useful paper in the number just published is the continua tion of the " Diction ary of Terms in Art," and un questionably the most curious and interesting is the account given of Samuel Cooper, miniature painter to Cromwell and Charles 11., to whose brush we are in debted for most of the effigies preserved to us of the great men of the days of the Commonwealth and the Restoration. TIIE lIARP UNSTRUNG.* - - 'Tis said that the light of thy spirit is fled, That the wild, flashing mirth of thy soul is no more: Like the urn that remains though the red wine be shed, Like the rose that is blighted—thy brightness is o'er. Sweet Harp of Green Erin I thy chords may not give Such tones of rich music as charmed us of old; Yet the world-vaunted fame of thy minstrel will live Till the warm soul of Erin grows lifeless and cold. 'Twill live on for ever. A nation will keep Those sounds of sweet melody fresh in its heart; Though in darkness and silence the harpstrings may sleep, The spell which hangs o'er them will never depart. ELIZABETH P. ROBERTS. • A newspaper paragraph speaks of the poet Moore as mentally dead. COURT CIRCULAR. BALMORAL, AUG 31. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the Prince of 'Wales, the Princess Royal, Princess Alice, and P rince Alf red, left Edinbur g h ' and from thence post e d t o B almoral, this morning, at ha lf- p ast ei ght, by railroad, f o r C w o oe u prr where r the hAe seven.n g ßoyal u party arrived at twenty m i nutes be s In attendance we re the Marchioness of D ouro , th e Hon. I‘l6s Lennox, Sir George Grey, C o l one l t h e ijon' S C ir .B Ja . m r e ll s iPPg' Lieut.-Colonel th e H on. A. Clark,Gor don, and Mr. Birch. ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GAR DENS. The lovers of in strumental mttsic th rl in rel l y 'y witnessed. The Iver ag e o g n r e e r a o t u ly s m d a e - - lighted at these ple asant the 2d Life Guardspleasant gardens on M on d ay l ast, w h en of the it t, and tnb h haa e egn deecmsnoteolednfr Coldstream tt a prh i er n e: m . :Be e on n uyt t , eaupdlarrAtiodnvrsit,d ensemble lel w d ere f y o r ,e r , b y permission respective colonels, added to the well-known band of the establishment; and the whole conducted by Godfrey. The effect was really magnificent. We have rarely heard so perfect a combination of wind instruments, and the precision and for ce with which some of the pieces were rendered was indeed p!,riect. The " Battle S 3 in phony," accompanied by oischurges of musketry, was grand dahlia show, which very grind. The display of . fireworks was gorgeous, and, added to t h ef o i t t h e e w r .i a ll tt b ra e cti r : p n e s a , t r e c d , nd o e n re m d o th n e da ee n n e i x ng t remarkable in the brilliant annals of these gardens. We understand the when 130 doubt this popular place of amusement will be , --------. cro mill w b d c e d ye ryTaot-tdratiye ti there is a Yesterday morning our friends of the barrel, im patient of the addit ional da y thrown between them and their of the dead. game, were up ear l y , and eagerly pursuin g their way to the fields, which, in this district generally cleared of the she a f and the swarth , r regent a clear stage for their s port. The birds, we believe , are an average number—in some dis _tarbi I;l c e t , s ob n eux t o t li r : ,,e t r i ah l a iad n ,., e u s u e:: I 3 y . p et l r e e n c t e i i f N u y e l a; t i l t i: y da r 3 e - t , u t r ( l ) 3 ( L ) s , was favour- SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MuENING PAPERS OF TEM DAY. CIiRON ICLE.—There are some points of strong and very singular resemblance between the coalition which closed the Post-office fer seven or eight suc cessive Sundays, and the alliance recently in session at Frankfort, for the promotion of universal peace. One or two people might perhaps be found who would offer an easy explanation of the odd analogies we descry, and who would tell us that the more active of the Sabbatarian agitators are, as a matter of fact, precisely the same persons with the more enthusiastic devotees of peace ; nor can we ourselves deny a strong suspicion that, although the tenets of the Quakers may have excluded the drab element from the S.4b bath propaganda, and although the decent fervour of English noblemen and clergymen was certainly not represented at Frankfort, nevertheless very many of the same hands which worked the Sunday Screw have been lately applauding AL de Girardin, or holding shaking sides wLen it pleased Air. Cobden to joke. Whether, however, it be true or not that Exeter-hall emptied itLelf into St. Paul's, we may be permitted to wonder at the coincidences exhibited in the easy-going pace of the slip shod argument— in the mild inanity of some speakers, and the pompous commonplaces of others—in the mutual encouragement and glorification—in the freemasonry and camaraderie of the leaders—and in the quiet belie f of all parties in the omnipotence of the platform. A deeper analogy is perhaps involved in the inferences so coolly drawn both by the Sabbath Observance As sociation and by the Peace Congress from the almost universal concurrence of men in the worthiness of their respective objects. The repose of the seventh day—and the repose of the human race—one of these has been called the type of the other, and no rational being will deny either of them to be an end worth seeking, and worth keeping when attained. But were we to follow up these admissions by giving all our reasons for not incontinently mingling in the agitations which appeal to them as their justification, we should find ourselves engaged in discussing the great radical source of human error—the confusion between a principle and its application. On one delusion, pervading the whole visible theory of the Peace Congress, we shall offer a few re marks, because it is the exact counterpart of the capi tal mistake into which the clients of Lord Ashley fell. The Post-office is a great labouring ma chine—a standing army is a great killing machine— and it is argued that, if you suppress these mighty engines or intermit their action, labour will be saved_ pro Canto in the one case, and slaughter in the other. I'he argument would be perfect if it did not omit all consideration of the propensities which lead men to write letters and to kill. So long as people cor respond, the Post-office transmits their correspon dence with the least possible expenditure of labour. So long as people vindicate their supposed • rights by force of arms, an organized military force trans acts the murderous business with the least possible expenditure of blood. The proper definition of the Post-office would be, a great contrivance for econo mising work—that of a standing army would be, a great invention for the preservation of human life. On the assumption that Sunday labour ceases in the Post-office on one given day in the week, it has been calculated that the amount of toil actually bestowed in the conveyance of letters throughout the country would be immensely augmented, although nine hundred and ninety-nine thousandths of the popula tion should absolutely forego the receipt and dis patch of correspondence. Should the remaining thousandth be compelled, by perversity, or by the press of business, to re-establish the broken commu nication on their private account, their clumsy and inartificial contrivances would set a greater number of hands to work, and for a longer time, than the whole facilities of St. Martin's-le-Grand when in full and unrestrained operation. The data for effecting the analogous calculation in the case of armaments are more widely dispersed and less easily seized, but they tell their own story to any one possessed of the feeblest historical aptitudes. Hardly a single reason can be given why the English Civil Wars of the seventeenth century should have caused in comparably less of slaughter and devastation than the Wars of the Roses, except the difference, in point of military organization, between the combatants of Marston and Worcester and the tumultuary levies which fought at Towton and Hexham. The example is the more applicable, because, undoubtedly the Pu ritans of the Cromwellian era were infinitely less averse to bloodshed speculatively than the men of the 15th century. It belongs, however, to the common places of history ; and, indeed, we should insult the intelligence of our readers, if we set forth one-half of the proofs at hand that improvements in the eco nomy of armaments and in the art of managing them constitute the true explanation why Charles Albert shed less blood than Sforza—why the soldiers of the first French revolution, who cannot be ac cused of any theoretical tenderness for human life, conducted themselves mercifully, even in La Vends compared with the lluguenots and Catholics, with the Armagnacs and Burgundians—why the Seven Years' War was less murderous than the Thirty Years' War, and the late campaign in Hungary than either of them—why the scenes of Magdeburg are not repeated at Ilendsburg—and why Idstadt is not followed by the horrible results of Lutzen. We are, of course, well aware that the Peace Congress num bers many who, bewildered by a shallow philosophy, will ascribe the diversities which we have indicated to the progress of the species, the development of morality, and the force of public opinion. Those who remember what sort of deeds were applauded by the popular voice in 1848, in that very city of Frank fort—those who recollect that, when the bonds of dis cipline have been momentarily relaxed, the soldiers of Wellington and Napoleon have rivalled in savage ferocity those of Count Tilly—will be slow to yield their concurrence. For ourselves, we did not believe in 1747 that moral forces had generally subdued brute impulses, and we need hardly say that we are equally sceptical in 1850. We should be sorry to think that Mr. Cobden does not share our doubts ; and, sooner than cast such an imputation on his perceptive faculties, we should prefer passing to the other horn of the dilemma on which he has im paled himself, and bewailing the feebleness of his logical powers. Doubtless he sees what is going on around him, if he reasons upon it imperfectly. Yet it is passing strange that he should fell into precisely the same way of thinking with Mr. Ferrand. The hero of the Wool-League holds that spinning-jennies are the efficient cause of all the over work in the manufacturing districts. The captain of the Anti-Corn-law League proclaims that standing armies are guilty of all the bloodshed in the world. Mr. Ferrand, indeed, seems to discern that somebody must toil, though every boiler in Manchester be empty. He, therefore, proposes that old women ex clusively should spin. But Mr. Cobden appears to believe that, if there is an end of the machine, there will be an end of the labour. If war and tumults are really to cease through the agency of the Peace Con gress, it should negotiate a fusion with the Evangeli cal Alliance, and employ itself in purifying the pas sions and exalting the aspirations of humanity. Its time is lost and its funds are wasted so long as it simply denounces the grea t organ i zat i on in which the evil instincts of an animal na ture exhaust themselves. To ascribe war to standing armies, leaving the pugnacity of man out of account, is to make the wildest confusion be tween cause and effect. To say that if armaments were disbanded the results of human pugnacity would be mitigated, is to proclaim a downright falsehood. Mr. Cobden, it is well known, makes occasional ef forts to right himself with his argument by thrusting his proposal for arbitration clauses and arbitration courts into conspicuous prominence, as though he meant to imply that they are " the only perfect sub stitute" for military force. We have uniformly maintained that, if Mr. Cobden wishes to introduce a new step into the formalities of international proce dure, he is entitled to be heard, albeit we can't quite see why a Congress should be needed to receive his proposition. Some good may come of it, although the reform he proposes, if taken in any intelligible sense, is an excessively small one, and its results at first must be quite infinitesimal. As to the exorbitant importance which its author sometimes sets upon it, it deserves nothing of the sort, and so Mr. Cobden might have learned from the proceedings which we reported on Monday last. The represen tatives of the principal European States, by their meeting and protocol on the affairs of Denmark,. have s c in o c n e tra t v h e e ni E ng dic th t ees o h f qapt Nantes ,uurceinsodtcmi just imitated, as closely as possible, the operatious . of Mr. Cobden's hypothetical tribunal. At the late sitting of the Peace Congress, a Dr. Bodeustedt braved the or p mze l t es of rebukes of the President and won the applause of the audience by vituperating this protocol as the most atrocious infringement of the righte of man which respect p w t committee the Congress—not be. .11e . merely wished to give r h e a y s been ked. perpetrated i e w as not unitedine g sw r e s g s . i n o s it Germanytt e u institute them their natural application . and their legitimate t ,ot a i expansion. l r ( b i i p tr r a on e li o i s ' e n e t t t i h l t a e h t e S C ci its decision, provided it were against the London protocol, and unfavourable to the Danish claims. Much to the same effect, th e E ng li s h newspaper which is supposed to have intimate sympathies with Mr. Cobden assured him the other day that he would succeedof he would proclaim the principles of Peace and Liberty together. Just so, gentlemen. Trans form your selves into a democratic propaganda—pre pare for subservience to any popular cry which the hour and the place may produce—and the world may then retract the conclusion to which it is fast coming, that your Congress is little better than a purposeless i mposture. The recommendations of German Uni tarianism and English Radicalism embody the only true significanc'e of your crowds, your harangues, your itineracy, your correspondences, your political orators, and your pledges of universal brotherhood. As for the Peace you promise, it is repudiated and outraged by every incident of your debates—by every feature of your organinti( n. Solitudinem fact . bnt—paccm appePont, exclaimed the earliest Ger man orator of wnose eloquence we Lave any record. Now-r...-days they collect a niob, and they call it Peace. DAILY NEWS.—When the Times was abetting with might and main the restoration of the despotic power of the Kir g of Naples over the Sicilians, the burden of its cry was, that General Filangieri was a humane and liberal, as well as an enlightened man, the King himself placable, and when the King and his General triumphed, they would grant institutions to Sicily far more consonant with its welfare and constitutional development than the insurgents could create. Well, the King of Naples and Filangieri were victorious, since which time not a single insti tution has been granted to the Sicilians. Far from it, even the Neapolitans were deprived of the last vestige of freedom and even justice. The same was the else when the French strove to burst their way into Rime : they would see the Romans in possession of rational liberty, we were told, and the rigour of priestly rule would he moderated. Has any one of these things been done, or one promise fulfilled When Hungary was sought to be crushed under the feet of Austria, and when, after Austrian discomfi ture, Russia was called in to effect the work of suljugation, and protect the Austrians in the use of the executioner's axe and whip, the Times was equally bold in in its promises that liberal institutions and laws would be granted to Hungary. Bow or when has this been accomplished ? llungary is at this moment as nakedly exposed to the rod and the sabre as in the first days of Russian victory. Witness the num bers of the Peith population driven into the barracks and flogged the other day, merely because they re fused to cry "Long live the Emperor." A sear has now elapsed since the Austrian Ministry completely put down insurrection. Yet, what has it dune ? what founded ? Has it kept any one of its promises of constitutional organization? It sent a civil go vernor to Lombardy ; but the military commander has kept him a nullity. He has done nothing. The other provinces are left at the mercy of whoever chances to command the army ; and he is maintained at his post as long as he is sanguinary and rigid. The moment he tries conciliation, and grants a few pardons, he is recalled, like Haynau. Yet this is the Government that the Times, considered on the Continent to represent English opinion, lauds as its model Government. It actually spent a column yesterday in laudation of it. Even Bach the renegade, once a member of the liberal cause, and since his accession to the Cabinet the upholder of every act of proscription and murder, down even to that of Bathyany, he is one of the especial favourites and proteges of the Times. We must protest against these ravings of insanity, not because any of our English readers could be perverted by them, but be cause they go forth to Germany and to the wide con tinent as the expression of the feelings of Englishmen. Were they really so, Englishmen would deserve to be kicked and scouted from the face of the earth as the most servile and the most selfish betrayers of hu manity, and as men who, having gained freedom for themselves, were ready to help despots to fetter the rest of mankind in order to procure the English the monopoly of all moral and material advantages. It is in truth most disgraceful to the English cha racter to behold one of its leading organs thus sup port the most infamous and retrograde of European Governments and causes, and not only uphold it in its power at home, but aid it in the subjugation of more enlightened and more liberal Germany. For our part, we care no more for a Prussian dynasty than for an Austrian one, fir an empire in the north more than fur one in the south. But when we see the Prussian Monarch grant a constitution, and up hold representative government and municipal insti tutions, and at the same time recommend and strive to obtain the same advantages for Germany as a whole,----when, on the other hand, we see Austria abolishing every shred of constitutional government at home, and insisting that Germany shall have no federal assembly save one composed of the delegates of its courts and princes, —when we see religious tolerance and freedom of religious opinion and worship maintained and extended in Prussia, whilst Austria relapses from lay Catholic rule back into all the night of priestly domination,— when we see education in Prussia conducted by the most enlightened and liberal men in Europe, while in Austria it is prohibited or en trusted to the Jesuits,—when we see in Prussia a national army, raised from all the citizens, high and low, rich and poor, a body incapable of being the in strument of oppression, when, on the contrary, we see an Austrian Government support itself solely by the jealousy of races, making use of the Croat soldiers to crush the Germans, the Germans to oppress the Ita lian, and the Italians again to keep down the Bohe mian,—when we see in Prussia the most eminent, the most instructed, the most wealthy men associated together to form a constitutional party, and when in Austria we see not a vestige of mind or man, who seems to have an idea, or to cherish a principle of constitutional government :—when we look upon this picture and on that, we must own, that with every Englishman who is above the polities of a tuft-hunter, we prefer the indepen dence and ascendancy of North Germany to the military and despotic predominance aan empire which is one quarter German in tongue, and which is whole Cossack in policy and civilization. Prussia may succumb in the struggle of light against darkness, and freedom against despotism ; hut, if so, it is the fault of her Government and of her King. By Prussia's succumbing, the North German cause may be for a moment eclipsed. But as intelligence, and wealth, and courage must in the end predominate over the brute qualities contrasted with them, Is e have no fear of North Germany finally emerging from any politi cal extinguisher that Austria and Russia may frame at Frankfort, or that the Times may lacquer for them. The fault of the King of Prussia is, that he puts his trust in princes, when he ought to have put trust in peoples. He did so because the majority of princes seemed favourable to his liberal views. But it was mere hypocrisy on their part. They prefer the more despotic to the more enlightened powers. In an assembly of elected Germans, of men chosen by all interests fairly, there could be no fear of either the absence of intelligence or of freedom. But in a diet of princes, that kind of constitutional assembly which the Times evidently prefers to all others, it is plain that popular rights or representative government could never be entertained or discussed, save to he interred. And this is what the Times prefers. In order to be in the least consistent, it ought to propose the abolition of the House of Commons in this country or at least the repeal of the Reform Bill. THE DUTCH NEW NAVIGATION LAWS. The following is an abstract of the Dutch row navi gation laws:— " 1. Unconditional repeal of discriminating fsvours granted to the Dutch flag, by suppression cf the rules allowirg to this flag preferences above foreign flags. 2. Conditional similarity of flag in the navigation to and from the Netherlands colonies. " 3. Stipulations by law, concerning the trade and na vigation in the colonies and possessions cf this realds in other parts of the world. " 4. Repeal of the interdiction to grant Netherlands registers to foreign-built vessels, by admittance of such vessels at a small duty on their value for registry. "5. Diminishing of import duties on head materials for ship building. " 6. Suspension of the shipping duties on the Rhine and Wesel. "7. Total abolition of transit duties." A correspondent informs us that a member of the Peace Congress has returned to England . minus a portion of his wardrobe, and that dark suspicions cloud his . mind as to the integrity of his fellow - peace makers. This is distressing, but let the forlorn philanthropist . console himself b, by reflect ing that he has nobly vindicatedhh instanceprinciples fa sa crificing no3t a breeches.to philanthropy.. .T ew i t hou t a parallel. An enthusiastic patriot once poured out a strain of i mpass i one d eloquence upon a crowd of eager l i steners; he told them of their wrongs, of the glories of freedom, and of the beauty of patriot martyrdom. TEe audi ence s h oute d , t h e . orator grew warm ; order to cool his heated b row , h e un covered his head , and pla9ng h is hat in a convenient spot, re commenced his eloquent discours e . A s everything comes to an end at last, his oration closed, a n d t h e orator sought to depart, when lo ! he discovered that his confid ence h a d b een a b use d, and; turn i ng to his audience, he addressed them in tones of touching remonstrance, "I came to emancipate you," said the indignant patriot, " I came to emancipate you, and you stole my bat." We have seen a great deal written about the great German mind, and its efforts to expand itself; let the discontented philanthropist console himself by the reflection that his missing garments are comforting that portion of the German frame which a learned professor has proved to de monstration is the seat of the German mind. The theory is rendered a probable one by the appropriateness of such a re sidence for such a guest in weight, symmetry, and other par ticulars unnecessary to mention. Who would not lose a breeches to be the benefactor of the great German mind? If we lived in mythological times, the garment would be trans ferred to the skies, and be reckoned with Orion's belt and Berenice's hair. DAMASHEENINGe—This term, derived from the Syrian Damascus, so renowned in art, designates the diffe rent kinds of steel ornamentation. The first is the many coloured watered Damascus blades; the second kind consists in etching slight ornaments on polished steclwares ; the third is the inlaying of steel or iron with gold or silver, as was done with sabres, armour, pistol-locks. and gun-barrels. The designs were deeply engraved, or chased in the metal, and the lines filled with gold or silver wire, driven in by the ham mer, and fastened firmly. This art was brought to great per fection by -the French artist Corsinet, in the reign of Henry IV.—Art Journal. Tua Hors.—The accounts from the hop districts in Kent are satisfactory. About Maidstone they have a most luxuriant appearance; in many other districts they are re ported as doing well, and likely to exceed the general ave rage ; but from some quarters there are complaints of the effect produced by the cold nights.—Essex Herald. We learn that, should tie Bishop of Exeter persist in his alleged intention further to disturb the peace of the Church by prosecuting his charge of heresy against Mr. Gorham, there is every probability of steps being t aken in eprisal again s t Dr. • Pusey, Archdeacon Wilberforce, and others, on account of various alleged errors of doctrine con tained'in the acknowledged writings and sermons of those divines.— Gloucester Journal. STRANGE HISTORY OF A SMUG GLER. (From the Dumfries Couricr.) We are indebted for the following extraordinary story to our respected friend Mr. Joseph Train, of Castle Douglas : Although the contraband trade from the Isle of Man was nearly suppressed before I was stationed as an excise officer in Galloway, my duty occasionally brought me into contact with some of the remaining landloupers of the free trade, a term by which the Manx smugglers were known in the south of Scot land. Many of the heroic achievements of these en terprising individuals are yet remembered in Galloway and Ayrshire. The personal histories of many of them are known to me; but I will here relate only a few incidents of the last of these adventurers with whom I was acquainted, merely to show the bad re sult of such a hazardous course of life. "Myles Crowe was for many years a schoolmaster in the Isle of Man, but he was at length induced to embark his little capital in the free trade, at that time carried on to a great extent by the islanders. For some time he conducted a profitable business between the Isle of Man and the shores of the Sol way, but having a Judas in his emplyment his cog-hole at Rae berry was discovered by the Custom-house officers of Kirkcudbright; and having lost by his information all the contraband goods of which he was possessed, he was reduced to the necessity of becoming an agent for more fortunate traders. From this time Myles resided permanently at Kirkcudbright, but he visited the Isle of Man annually to receive the rent of a small patrimony which he held there, and generally laid out the sum received in the purchase of some contraband commodity. Whilst he dealt in spirits he was successful, but in other branches of the trade he was less fortunate. "At the time to which I here allude it was the fashion for gentlemen to wear very wide small clothes, buckled immediately below the knee, and Myles Crowe being then a gay fellow, that part of his dress was smuggled nankeen. He had an idea that the most convenient mode of smuggling a few pounds of tea out of the island was by filling the vacuum of his small clothes when on his person with that arti. cle. lle accordingly filled them up to the waistband; but, unfortunately, just as he was about to embark, having made a long stride from the quay to the vessel, his nankeen dress was thereby rent from side to side, and instantly bis whole cargo of fine congou showered into the water, to the no small amusement of a large assemblage of fashionable spectators, with whom the quay of Douglas happened to be at that time crowded. "Finding the tea trade to be rather a precarious business when carried on in such a small way, Myles engaged next in the tobacco line, and, with a view to elude the vigilance of the Custom house harpies, he rolled his person up like an Egyptian mummy, from neck to heel, in spun to bacco ; and, being a tall, raw-boned, gaunt-looking person, he concealed a large quantity in that manner, without increasing his size so as to occasion even the suspicion of the officers stationed on the quay that he carried any contraband commodity on his person. An experienced smuggler of tobacco in a small way generally rolls it immediately over his under garment, but poor Myles fell into the mistake of placing the twist under it. He had scarcely reached what sailors call his berth in the vessel that was to convey him to the shores of Gallo way when he was thrown into a hectic fever by the tobacco in which he was enrolled, which soon rose to such a height that he seemed to be just on the eve of passing from time to eternity. A sailor, who came to his assistance with a view of allowing him to breathe more freely, opened the collar of his shirt, when, lo ! the tobacco appeared, and the cause of his indisposition was consequently ascertained. The skipper, in wrath at his vessel being subjected to the risk of seizure by such a paltry stratagem, instantly banded the unfortunate .Myles over to the tide waiter on duty, who immediately carried his seizure away to the Custom-house. My informant, Mr. Ryall, of Douglas, happened accidentally to peep into the king's warehouse just as the revenue officers were employed in separating the vegetable from the animal part of the mighty roll of which Myles Crowe formed the centre. His head only was seen above the tobacco when the operation of unrolling commenced. Though he seemed almost unable to stand, one party of the kingsmen drove him round like a whirligig, whilst another coiled the tobacco, of which they disengaged him with surprising rapidity. " Old age and poverty having at last overtaken the unfortunate Myles Crowe, he became an occa sional assistant to a ferryman, who plied on the Dee between Kircudbright and Castlesod, in whose em ployment he died suddenly, as was supposed, from having drank immoderately of ardent spirits. Soon after his interment in the old churchyard of Kircud bright, it was rumoured that his corpse had been carried away by resurrection men ; but no person having taken the trouble to ascertain the fact, the re port died away, till the miscreant Stewart, who wa hanged in Glasgow in August, 1829, voluntarily ad mitted, just before his execution, that, among many other persona whose death he had occasioned by giving them deleterious drugs in liquor, and whose bodies h e had raised from the gr a ve a n d sold for dissection , was the old assistant b oa t man a t Kirkcudbright. This declaration was confirmed by the grave of Myles Crowe being then examined and found empty ; which leaves no doubt of the mortal re mains of this once re spectable individual having bten ultimately mangled on a dissecting table." THE HASTINGS 11111, KMAN.—Jinks, the Hastings milkman, one mornirg forgot to water his milk. In the hall of the first customer in his round the sad omission flashed upon Jinks' wounded feelings. A large tub of fine clear water stood on the floor by his side, no eye was upon him, and thrice did Jinks dilute his milk with a large measure filled from the tub, before the maid brought up her jugs. Jinks served her and went on. 'While he was bellowing down the next area his first customer's footman beckoned to him from the door. Jinks returned, and was immediately ushered into the library. There sat my Lord, who had just tasted the milk. , Juiks," said his Lordship. "My Lord," replied Jinks. "Jinks," continued his Lordship, " I shall feel particularly obliged if you would henceforth bring me the milk and water separately, and allow me the favour of mixing them myself." " Well, my Lord, it's useless to deny the thing, for I suppose ytur Lordship watched me while—" " No," interrupted the nobleman, "the fact is that my child ren bathe at home, Jinks, and the tub in the hall was full of sea water, Jinks."—Companion to a Cigar. ' • • Ambition is to the mind what the cap is to the falcon ; it blinds us first, and then compels us to tower, by reason of our blindness.— Aliza Cook's Journal. SUICIDE FROM JEALOUSY.-011 Sunday William Coates, an innkeeper at Darlington, committed a most de termined act of suicide by placing the muzzle of a double barrelled gun in bis mouth, and discharging the contents, causing immediate death. The coroner's inquest was held on Monday, when it appeared that deceased had for some time entertained suspicions of the virtue of his wife, who had lately been addicted to drinking. Some circumstances having occurred on Monday week to confirm his suspicions, he turned his wife out of doors, and remained during the rest of the week in a stet, of great nervous excitement and despondency. On Sunday night he closed his house and put an end to his existence as described. A letter was found in the pocket of deceased, addressed to the coroner, in which he stated his intention and the cause of it, and requested that the little property he possessed might be divided equally between his two children. The jury returned a verdict of " Temporary insanity." MANCHESTER TRADE REPORT, SEPT. 3. —The intelligence of the Cambria has had some effect in steadying the market, which for a week or ten days has been in a very fluctuating condition. Cotton has advanced something like id., and this has necessarily made our market more firm, though prices are not quotably higher for any kinds of yarns. The lower qualities of mule twist keep firm compared with the fine counts of mule and water twist, which are flat and slow of sale. There is a very slight improvement in the de mand for grey goods, principally 40-in. shirtings; Madapol lams and T cloths aro quiet and unsaleable. On the whole buyers remain cautious • little business bas been ventured upon ; and until some d efinite accounts of the crops are re ceived from across the Atlantic, it is not expected that large transactions will be entered into. SITTINGS 01' THE HOUSE.OF COMMORS.—Accord ing to a return issued yesterday the number of days on wnich the House of Commons sat during the last session was 129. The greatest number of sittings in any month oc curred in July, when the House sat 23 days. The total number of hours occupied by the sittings was 1,104 1,4 mi nutes, of which 108 were after midnight. The average time of sitting per diem was 8 hours 33 minutes and 35 se conds. The total number of entries in the votes during the session was 8, 57 1 . If every one will but do his duty as an individual, and will be but courageous and sufficient in the sphere of his immediate calling, there need be no fear for the weal of the whole.—Eliza Cook's Journal. A. Tows WITHOUT CABs.—On Saturday evening the town of Liierpool was surprised by the following notice: —"Notice to the Public—The coach and car proprietors beg most respectfully to acquant the inhabitants of Liverpool, and the public, that in consequence of the unjustifiably low rate of fares winch the town council 'have fixed to be charged for hackney coaches within .the. borough and its vicinity, to the extent of live miles from, the General Post office, fares utterly inadequate to admit of the proprietors being ever remunerated, and which are on a much lower scale than in any town in England (London not excepted), they have unanimously concluded to discontinue plying for hire from and atter Monday next,' Sept. 2, believing it to be better to make this very serious sacrifice than to work at rates which will eventually lead to ruinous consequences.' Accordingly the various stands were deserted during the day. Strangers coining to town by the railways and steamers are said to have felt it most acutely, inasmuch as, their arrival at the statitns and the pier -head, they were unable to proceed to their destination unless they would submit to the circuitous route taken by omnibuses. The affair caused much excitement during the day. MARTINET.. --There is no doubt the term martinet is derived from the general cfli av c se e ,d r a , s Dt Voltairehl.etldei I ci a ps r tl t ia i n n t ee e s a , en i ed n i e d tb i a c rea a ti t i e ec ii h in ° p lt ro ' t h o 3 r - 11 h l a r v . i O n g . s e o s i t b o o r t l a a n ndd of the French army, whence very strict officers came to be called martinets; but it is also from the restorer of discipline that the name of what we call cat•o'-nine-tails is in French martinet ? This is rather an interesting query, considering how severely our neighbours censure our use of that auxiliary to discipline.—Notes and Queries. IMPORTS OF PRODUCE INTO LIVERPOOL.—In the two weeks ended the 28th ult., there were imported into Liverpool, 225,856 bushels wheat , barrels flour, 10,700 tacks flour, 45,640 bushels Indian corn, 208 bags Indian corn, 5,480 bushels barley, 26,096 bushels oats, and 7,456 bushels beans. --- Y•) THE SUN, LONDON, li7I4_:DNESDA Y EVENING, SEPTEMBER 4, le'so.