The Sun. — London, England, 1845-10-27 00:00:00

RAILWAYS. SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. STANDARD.—The Times perseveres in its efforts to create a panic in the railroad share market. The project has all the temptation of extreme facility. Let a child or an id!ot raise the cry of fire in a crowded theatre, and the sa crifice of the lives of many will be the probable, if not cer tain, consequence. If it is asked what other temptation the Times can have to produce such a calamity as a great com mercial alarm, the answer will be foundin the uniform conduct of that journal. It is enough that the Times is likely to be named in connexion with any topic of general interest to ensure that the Times will press that topic pro minently upon public attention, without the least regard to the evil that it may produce by doing so. There may be other motives understood at Capel-court for the line taken by our contemporary, but as we know them not, we shall not more particularly advert to them, and the motives that we have already assigned are quite sufficient to explain the conduct of the Times. That journal, in an article of this morning, prosecutes its design by treating all railway projects in the mass as bubbles. Now we have al ready answered this misrepresentation. A railway project cannot be a bubble, because it proposes an object of solid es tablishment, and permanent duration. That such a project may be indiscreet, or that men may speculate indiscreetly upon a project., prudently conceived, is what. no man familiar with the spirit of commerce will be disposed to deny; there is fully as much rash speculation in the ordinary material of trade as can be charged against railroad enterprise. This von cannot help, if it were desirable to prevent it, but are you far that reason to extinguish all trade and all enterprise ? That there is in the country an amount of dormant capital adequate to two fold the cost of the projected railways, and that this dormant capital is in a course of rapid increase, no one will deny, at this time of day. Why, then, must there necessarily be a deficiency of means to com plete the works in contemplation ? If some indi viduals without capital have committed themselves by taking shares, their places will soon be occupied by parties competent to complete every engagement; and this simple operation will be executed without noise and without injury, if alarm and t umu lt are not create d b y t h e means which the Times is now employing. It is to be remembered that the outlay upon railways must be necessarily gradual, extending even upon the present scale, very little beyond the annual ac cumulations of the country, and therefore leaving the vast amount of dormant capital already accumulated as a reserve fund. If the country, indeed, is unable to meet the railway demand, how could it support a single year of that war into which the Times has, by its libels upon the French Government, .the French army, the French marine, and the French people, been for years labouring to plunge us. It may be that though the ultimate ability of railway shareholders generally to meet their en gagements is admitted, serious difficulties threaten the details of the process. We are told of an extraordinary demand for money to supply the instrument of deposit, but we believe that the deposits may be made by very slightly trespassing, if at all, upon, the general circulation. Exche quer-bills, probably, or transfers of stock will serve the purpose of money except in the case of the very smallest depositors, and even in their case the demand for Bank notes or cash cannot be more than transient, certainly cannot go beyond the license of issue lately given to the Bank. As to the absurd hypothesis that money must be withdrawn from trade in order to meet railway engagements, an hypothesis exposed by us long ago, the Times does not venture to reproduce it. What, then, is the danger attending railway enterprise, that mast not attend every great im provement, and that may not be obviated by the exercise of courage and common sense? In all cases of vast enter prise there will be much gambling; this is inevitable. But are we, therefore, to sit with our arms folded and our legs crossed, sullenly resolved to abstain from all means of im proving our circumstances, because forsooth a few pennyless adventurers may be tempted, by moving in our company, to expose their ri mes and want of principle. We would go as far as the Times in recommending reasonable caution in every enterprise. But to recommend reasonable caution is one thing, and to proclaim to men they are ruined, when hothieg but the effect of such a proclamation can injure them, is another and a very different thing. We are as firmly convinced as we can be of ally thing, that there is no danger whatever of failure in the railroad share market, unless the failure be artificially produced by an artificial panie such as the Times is labouring to produce. The spirit in which the Times writes upon this subject will be seen by the following extract:— " If the country can complete the railways already autho rised without a most serious and, for the time, a most incon venient drain on its capital—if it can without an immense aggravation of the inconvenience authorise next session only half as much as it did last—if 15,000,000/. are next February duly paid to the Accountant-General without a great con vulsion, not only in the share-market, but in the money market, then, of course, the event will show the worthlessness of our anticipations. Strange is it that people shOuld be found to indulge in intemperate rage, when our error, if error it is, will soon bring its own conviction and its own penalty. The great Athenian moralist observed, that the worst you could wish a bad man was that he might prosper as much and as len; as possible. A rational hostility would leave us alone to reap the mature fruits of our own perversity." If we are not mistaken, the Times has here borrowed a leaf from the book of its former prompter and patron, Mr. O'Connell. As we remember the convulsion was a few weeks ago threateeed for November; it is now postponed to February. This is just according to Mr. O'Connell's practice. When his prediction appears likely to be falsified at its first appointed date, he is sure to borrow a little time, and in this way he has been annually repealing the union for fourteen years. In one respect the Times improves upon him. Mr. O'Connell pledges his head, which, whatever its value (and like the Count St. Paul's head, we can imagine it in a place where it would be useful), still exists in rerum natura. The ; Times pledges only its character on the worth of its antici • pations ; the stake is indeed small, but in February we shall be on the watch to claim it. And it is chiefly on this account that we preserve the foregoing extract. TIMES.—The course we have thought proper to pursue with reference to the mania for railway speculation has ex cited considerable alarm among those who depend for their profits upon a certain temporary value being attached to what is essentially a worthless article. It is not the dabblers in allotments and the speculators in scrip alone whose harvest is likely to be cut short by the bursting of the railway bubble. There are many others whose interest it has been to keep the morbid desire for speculation alive, and who when it receives its death-blow will find themselves deprived of a source of income which, having never been fair and legitimate, will assuredly not be permanent. The clamour raised against us by our Contemporaries is natural enough; for while the most scurrilous and corrupt of them has been saved from well-merited bankruptcy, three or four have been called into existence by the insanity which had taken possession of the public mind, and they all feel that their gains will cease when people are brought to their right senses. The folly of buying shares in railways that will never be made is quite in keeping with the absurdity of paying for advertise ments in journals which nobody reads, and the proprietors of these concerns are acutely sensitive. to any attack on trashy scrip, a depression in which has a tendency to bring all waste paper down to its proper level. Such has been the mania for railway advertising that papers have been started which were never intended to be sold or read, but only to catch some of the money that was being thrown away daily in preliminary announcements and prospectuses. Of course, all this kind of emolument will cease when the public mind has been brought to a sound and healthy condition. We could not blame the conductors of the journals who profit by the folly which seeks their columns as a medium of publicity, but we do censure the dishonesty which some of our contemporaries have been guilty of in reporting all the exaggerati ons an d fallacies spoken at railway meetings for the purpose of deceiv ing the public, —a fraud in which a portion of the press has, for the sake of a bribe, allowed itself to participate. Of course, it would not have been consistent with our principles or our position to have betrayed our duty to the community at large in the manner to which we have alluded ; but it is amusing to find ourselves charged with inconsistency by one of our contemporaries, because we will not lend our influence to the support of schemes to which we allow the benefit of cur advertising columns. We are accused, oddly enough, of "writing against our own sentiments;" because our opinions have been freely expressed against bubble companies, some of which have, of course, sought publicity through the medium of our paper. We should be strange compounds indeed if we were compelled to adopt the " sentiments" of our numerous advertisers, the mere attempt to do which would . involve the impracticable task of reading every announcement brought to our office, and deciding whether it was one in which we could sympathize. The folly of this doctrine is so apparent,that we wonder at the amazing stupidity which could have committed so egregious a blun der as to charge us with inconsistency for hot supporting all the schemes and projects to which in the way of business our advertisin , columns are open. We can understand the won der with which our contemporaries contemplate the contempt is ith which we can afford to regard the minor considerations of extra advertisements, or the purchase of a few hundred copies by a company wishing to see its proceedings re ported at a length they do not deserve; but we cannot comprehend how we can be accused of venality for not engaging in this paltry and dishonest traffic. We are, as we said before, in a position that renders it impossible for us to stoop to a participation in a fraud upon the public, fur our interest stands on much higher ground, and it is to the knowledge of oar being placed far above all other considerations than that of duty to the public that we owe—we say it without any desire to boast of it—our transcendent influence. The remarks we have felt called upon to make on the subject of the in-one speculation in railways that has lately occupied almost every class of the community, have, we are happy to perceive taken the effect we desired—namely, that of causing the public to pause and discriminate before risking money in every project that was advertised. We have never said that ail tee new projects are bad alike, but nearly all of them have been at a premium, which the prospect of their value as a per nueeat investment ham not warranted. Every scheme that is forced up, either by fraud on the one hand or credulity on the other, to a price much higher than is justified by its act ual worth, will ultimately find its level. Some one will be the safferer when the crash arrives, and our warnings have been directed against the madness of buying that which, being really nothing bet waste paper, must eventually be scouted as such from the market. We have been accused of checking enterprise, but a parcel of pickpockets disturbed in their successful practices by the entrance of the police might raise the same outcry. Our warnings have been alreadyeus titled by the effect they have produced; and we feel satisfied that many will haVe cause to thank us hereafter for having saved them from ruin. The conduct of those who profit by the excitement, and are desirous of stimulating it for their own advantage, is intelligible, if not :excusable. Our inter ests are of a higher kind, and we cannot sacrifice the perma nent confidence of the public in order to gratify its indulg ence in a temporary humour, which is likely to prove most disastrous in is s effects, if the evil be not firmlygrappled with. CIIZONICLE.—Our contemporary, the Times, displayed something of a better feeling yesterday in his commentaries oil railways. The importance and usefulness of the railway movement is now admitted, and credit is asked by him for having on previous oecasione decanted with some enthu siasm on the :splendid results which the completion of rail eve s teeouglieut the island would produce upon the social coaeOrte of the people. Ile even looks forward to the time when every village ill England will be within a walk of the %Wien, and every individual Eitglishman brought within a dey's journey of each other. This is seeing further into the future than we have yet attempted to do, but the main spring of the prevailing speculation is, that the bulk of the middle classes look at the question in a similar light. Con yineed that the country will in the end be cut upend crossed in evert- quarter by railro a d s , th e y d es i re t o part i c i pate in the Ilili t prolits of maki ng t h em. T hey expect that the new lines Th - ile be made upon l ess cost than the old ; that 15,0001. per _ n ern go as f ar now as 30,000/. did when the system was i its infancy, and thatalthough, . fares must be reduced, di vidends need not be leas. on geilding their faith on the price of the shares of the and Birmingham, Great Western, and some other leading eal lines, they expect that other companies will be desirable investments, and afford the same amount of dividends. Actuated by these motives, which are cherished by the great mass of the na tion, from the highest to the lowest, th ey h ave rushed forward with avidity to obtain shares in eve r y scheme announced, and scrips have been bought up with avidity at a premium he the market. The splendid visions of wealth thus conjured into existence have received a check of late, and speculato rs , who might have made a "good thing of it" had they been contented with moderate profits, now haunt the alleys near bandry, they should be very anxious about their e l rality. To the p oor man c h aracter was of the utai(! importance, and the more it was apprec i ate d amor'g' t ' themselves, the more it would be benefiting society t t ile large, tending as it wou ld to i ncrease the strengt h o . , nation to an extent and in. a manner none of us Coe d sufficiently appreciate.—(Ch eers .) H e h a d ventu red ; throw out these observations ; there was nothing De"' l l them, he was a ware , b ut i n d e li ver i ng them he had, a least, gratified himself. He hoped they would be takee,' as be had no doubt they would, in good part by them er' and that they would at all times strive to do their Sett, far there might be times when they would be glad to de' pend upon each other.—(Fiear.) He had nothing w ere to say than to ask them to drink with cordiality,` 6l :l; cess to the Worksop L a b ourers ' F r i en d Society." ,A, trusted it alight always flou r i s h, an d h e truste d a lso, l'l d though this was his fir s t ti me o f meet i ng t h em, i t '•'. o ei„ not be the last. H e h o p e d h e m i g h t b e present on finer" occasions, when they - would not only celebrate the pro s ' parity of this Society, but of every establishment COr fleets d with the people's good.—(Cheers.) Sir T. WHITE proposed the health of his Grace the Duke of Nea castle. The Noble CHAIRMAN thanked them very kindly fl the handsome m anner i n w hi c h hi s health h a d been received. Sir Thomas White had m en ti one d one, or currstance in coanexion with his name, end that was with respect to garden-allotments to the poor. It th ere was any merit a tt ac h e d to t h at i t belonged to his frieilfd Mr. Wilmot, who was always forward in the cause.,,, benevolence, and in a ll t h ose worthy actions w'ut tended to benefit th e p oor . I t was to him that he (t he Noble Duke) seas indebted f o r a d opt i ng t h e system o garden-allotments, and for a great number of ot hers ! e provements on hi s estate ; an d to h i m, there fore, I, 0 merit was justly d ue . Th e on l y mer i t he (t h e NT s Chairman) could cl a im was, that he subscribed to it s had been so kindly and benevolently proposed by itar . Wilmot. The health of Sir T. White and several other tomb having been proposed, The Noble CHAIRMAN rose to propose " the sigri e l l ‘ tural Labourers." I t h a d b ecome of late almos t , i' fashion to sympathise with the poor. There could° be a more worthy and excellent fashion, but e, that view might b e carr i e d too f ar, and they d:dg by injudicious representations and injudicious do more harm than good. If they took a mad„, of his situation, a nd ma d e hi m di scontented by te_e",,,7 him poverty wa s a m i s f ortune , t h ey would be we-- considerable mischief, a n d ma ki ng hi s m i n d uneasy 4530, point on which he had no occas i on to b e uneasy el nbo because, though his stati on was i n f er i or to those w 0 employed him, and though he could not possess dohs; comforts which wealth had at command, yet he tei. , be a happy man, and would be, if he were not wade , 613 0 . . contented.—(Hear.) He (the Noble Chairman) ha d strong a feeling for the poor man as any one, bu t t e e would not do anything that would sacrifice his fid e peace for the sake of his present hopes ; he should 0 . 0 , think he was (king his duty by holding out the Prd wi a s r of an object whi c h it was utter l y i mpossible the P°:d man could obtain. Th ere were hi g h and low, x4°11101.1 poor in this world, and we s h ou ld b e contented and itPgo in the situation in which we were placed. There, 11 0 4 nothing more deser v i ng o f respect than a well-heleol poor man ; his conduct always commanded the t o feeling of those who witnessed it. He trusted „df.. would all do their best to better the poor man's et be tion without ever hinting to him that he ought, "",, 0 0 what he never could be. The rich man depended P ro the labour for his wealth, and the poor man o n billi tiov employment, and th us th ere was a mutual dePee. g tie n sle which it was hi g hly essent i a l to preserve. The the Duke concluded by sp ea ki ng i n warm terms etT t its .- farmers and farm labourers of Nottinghamshire' t o latter of whom were as well or better paid than labourers in any other country. THE LATE JOHN JACKSON, EG Q p DENOMINATED THE COMMANDER-IN-CP" OF THE P.R. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUZI. THE SUN, LOisTDON, MONDA MORNi-Mer; OCTOBER 27, 1845. Capel-court with visages sicklied o'er with the pale cast of thought, and brokers, who before received them with bows and smiles, now look coldly at the contents of their pocket books, and pronounce them nothing better than " rubbish." This disparaging valuation is applied to all scrips alike that do not command a premium, and the scrips of some lines may not perhaps be much above par at present, which com manded 21. or 3/. premium before the Bank of England threw out the signal to shorten sail ; and the shares of really good lines are thus indiscriminately mixed up with, and suffocated by, the bad. We have used our humble endeavours to stop this evil, not seeking to conceal our misgivings respect ing the state of things, frequently urging on the promoters of new schemes the propriety of postponing them, and il lustrating the illusory means adopted in some cases to force up the value of shares. We have pointed out at the same time that in the midst of all this abuse and danger, the ex tension of internal communication by railways was in itself worthy of the age, and deserved the support of every friend to peace and civilisation. We do not, on the whole, believe that there is much difference of opinion about this amongst impartial and intellectual - minds. Our contemporary bears testimony that his thoughts are not at variance with those who expect immense advantages from the construction of railroads, but he says, and we have often said the same thing nearly in the same words, " that it cannot be done all at once, and the more haste the less speed." Let the public press then use its influence to induce the promoters of new schemes to be less impatient, to be less impetuous in their movements, satisfied that if their schemes be really useful and brought forward under proper auspices, that they will ulti mately receive the sanction of Parliament when there is time allowed fairly to discuss their merits. Having said so much upon the general question, we have still a few words to offer on the deposits. It would afford us some gratifica tion if we could discover signs of accordance on this point, but we have not been able to discover any. After all that has been asserted and argued, admitted and denied, the pea, according to our contemporary, is not with the bankers after all. If they have got it, he says they have not kept it, and whether it be 15,000,000/, or:twice as much, the money has not yet been paid. We freely acknowledge that there is no certainty of the amount that has been paid, but we repeat our statement, which will be borne out generally by 'those versant in the practice of the market, that in the great bulk of schemes the deposits called for were duly paid to the bankers on allotment. It seems to us that much confusion has arisen in reference to this matter from not attending to the manner of payment. It has been supposed, and very naturally so, that if the banks have received payments to the amount of ten per cent. on 300,000,0001., or even on 150,000,000/., that they would show evidence of pecuniary plethora; they would be holding out encouragement to the most improvident specula tion, and in place of seeking to raise the value of money, they would find it a mere drug in their hands at the lowest rates; in short, that they would be up to the eyes in scrip, and urging the members of the Stock Exchange to take money from them on any terms. But it must be kept in view that in the majority of cases, both in number and value, these deposits were paid into the bankers by cheques. The parties went with their letters of allotment to the bankers appointed by the provisional committees on the stipulated day, and received a receipt for the proper sum in simple exchange for their own cheques, and where the person paying had not an account with the bankers of the company, he gave a crossed cheque for the proper sum. The operation, therefore, was merely a transfer in the bankers' books from the accounts kept by A, B, and C, as individuals, to the credit of D, the name of the company. The actual amount of deposits in the banker's hands may not have been increased to any material amount by payments made in this way for deposits. The character only of them may have been altered, in so far as the cheques paid were placed to the debit of the individual accounts of A, B, and C, and passed to the credit of the companies. When the transaction was managed again either by pay ments from country banks or by crossed cheques, the whole affair resulted in settling of balances at the clearing-house. These remarks exhaust the subject so far as concerns the payment into the hands of the bankers. The next operation will be to transfer the amount from them to the Accountant- General, but that branch of the question has been already worn threadbare, it being, as our contemporary truly ob served, merely "a transfer of so many names and figures from certain accounts in the banks at large to one account in the Bank of England." lIERALD.—The Times has at length " let the cat out of the bag." It has disclosed the motives—or at least one of the motives—by which it has been actuated in its crusade against railway enterprise, and its attempts to create a panic in the Railway Share Market. It charges upon the more in fluential portion of the metropolitan press that, in opposing its efforts to destroy public confidence, it has been influenced by self-interest, inasmuch as it participates largely, in the shape of advertisements, in the "profits of the "bubbles" and " chimeras " they recommend. " The peculiar morality to which Capel-court has given a local habitation and a name, may," it says, " have trespassed into the purer regions of the press." This imputation of corrupt motives against the entire press, for the Times has the satisfaction of standing in a minority of one on the occasion, comes with a very bad grace from a journal, whose character for corruptness has long since passed into a proverb. If the rumour so pre valent on the Stock ; Exchange, in reference to the probable origin of the onslaught of the Times upon railroad specula time be correct, it has very substantial reasons for its policy. We shall not, however, stop to refute a charge evidently de signed to avert the suspicion of bad faith from its authors. It is clear, from the subdued and modified tone which they have now begun to assume, that they have discovered that they have gone a little too far, even for them. The Times of yesterday . has dropped one-half of its 30,000,0001. of depo sits, and is now content to affirm that even 15,000,000/. can not be paid into the hands of the Accountant-General without a most inconvenient drain on the capital of " the country, and a great convulsion in the Railw a y Sh are Mar ket.', To arrive at such a result, it is necessary to suppose that the bankers, to whose custody these deposits are con fided, will lock them up in their strong boxes, there to re main until their transfer to the hands of the Accountant- General. But this no more follows than that the bankers should re-issue them to pay for fresh sheafs of railway scrip ; or employ them in imprudent and dangerous speculations. Such an imputation on the great body of the bankers of England is a calamny as un founded as it is injurious. Nothing but an obstinate determi nation to create distrust and confusion in the commercial world could have suggested so damaging an imputation. Were some 30,000,000 paid instead of half that amount, it might be temporarily withdrawn from circulation without any of the evil consequences predicted by the Times. But it is not surely pretended that the aforesaid bankers will repair to the Accountant-General at the period fixed upon for the transfer of these deposits, and pay them over in specie. If however our readers would fully satisfy- themselves of the utter absurdity of such predictions as those which have been multiplied in the columns of the Times during the last few days, let them turn to the following authentic list of the sums passed by bankers at the clearing-house in the year 1840 SUMS PAID BY BANKERS AT CLEARING-HOUSE, 1840. Barclay and Co. ..-.. ..... £107,000,000 Glyn and Co 105,327,000 Jones Loyd and Co 104,000,000 Motorman and Co 90,000,000 Robarts and Co. Smith, Payne, and C 0...... 64,000,000 Williams and Co 56,000,000 Barnetts and Co. Lubbock and Co. Stone, Martin, and Co 33,700,000 Prescott and Co. Denison and Co. .. 26,863,000 Willis and Co. Hanbury and Co Ladbrokes and Co. .. 24,200,000 Curries and Co 17,500,000 Spooner and Co. Price and Co. Hankeys and Co Barnard and Co. Veres and Co. Rogers and C 0...—. Dorrien and Co. ... 8,000,000 Fullers and C 0.... ..... . . ... ........ 7,500,000 Brown, Janson, and Co. Bosanquet and Co. Stevenson and Salt 3,500,000 Whitmore and Co. Total .... £984,558.000 Clearing in 1839 ..... £954,401,600 Bank-notes We have here an aggregate amount of nine hundred and eighty-four millions five hundred and fifty-eight thousand pounds sterling, without taking into the estimate the Bank of England, Joint-stock, and West of Temple -bar bankers, and rtady money paid over the counter by City bankers. Can anything be more preposterous, therefore, than the as sumption of the Times, that the withdrawal of such a sum as 30,000,0001., under all the. circumstances of the case, is cal culated to produce the disastrous results which it has suited its purpose to predict? We shall return to the subject; meanwhile, we may congratulate the commercial public on the fact that the absurdity, not to say corrupt prophecies, of the Times, have carried with them their own refutation, and are little likely to be mischievous for the future. THE REPEALED DUTIES.—The Inspector-General of Imports and Exports of the United Kingdom, havin g , with reference to a minute issued by the Board of Cust oms some time back, relative to the amount to be taken on the importation of certain goods upon which the duties have been repealed by the new tariff, Bth and 9th Victoria, c a p. 90, of the past session, submitted a list of articles of foreign and colonial merchandise, which are not subject to duty, specifying the manner in which each article will have to be described in the accounts taken at the time of landing from the importing vessels, and consequently in the returns rendered to his office for Parliamentary and other pur poses ; the same ha s b een a pp rove d by th e authorities, and directions have been issued to the heads of the several departments in London, and the collectors and comptrollers of the Customs revepue at the various outports of the United Kingdom, to take care that the returns of all such goods imported are to be made to the Inspector. General of Imports and Exports in strict conformity with the said list, which specifies with respect to each article whether import ations and re-exportations are to be stated by weight, tale, measure, or value. As a full and particular account of the names of the different articles upon which the duties have been ,repealed was published at the time of the measure being introduced by the Government into Parliament, it would be superfluous to mention the whole of their names again. Each article is t o b e returned in the m anner wich has been customary, or is from the nature of it best suited thereto, whether wet or dry goods. The values of of these duty-free goods, in the instances in which they are to be returned according to the value, are to be ascertained in the manner as directed by the Act Bth and 9th Victoria, cap. 86, sec. 23, and the w!iole of them, whether at value, by weight or otherwise, must be entered and returned in the manner and according to the form therein described. I EMIGRATION TO AMERICA.—We have received a variety of statements from those who emigrated to the United States last year, or the year previous, and they gene rally concur, though there are exceptions, in representing matters in the new world as unpromising and gloomy. Mr. Redgate has received a letter from a lace-maker, named Bennett, furmerly of Old Radford, in which it is stated, that the erroneous accounts sent by emigrants, who, to cover their own disappointment, write in the most laudatory terms of their adopted country, are exceedingly injurious, insamuch as they tempt parties to emigrate who had much better remain at home. Bennett had heard one poor labourer, thus tempted abroad, heartily wishing himself once more in Nottinguam Market-place. The poor man, however, like many others, has found it to be an easier course to emigrate than to return. —iVottingluim Review. THE. POTATO PESTILENCE.--The crops on the light sandy soil in this vicinity hate escaped tolerably well, though there are numerous complaints. On heavy soils, more re tentive of moisture, "the pestilence" (for so it is not inaptly termed) is more manifest. There can now be little doubt of potatoes becoming very high in the market in a short time, the intelligence from the north, and from Ireland especially, being so disastrous,—and it will be an act of wisdom for all who have the means, to immediately lay up a provision ofsound roots for the coming season of scarcity.—Nottingham Review, line), % p.—North Devon, % p.—Taw Vale Extension, %, p. —Devon and Central Cornwall, .4 p.—Aberdeen, a —South Wales, 6—Bristol, New, 10 1 ,4. lIULL, OcT. 24. The morning's meeting did not furnish so much proof of depression as the accounts from London and the provincial markets might have led us to expect. At the afternoon meeting the Bears operated to some extent in light stock, and the consequence was a fall on the morning's quotations. Axholmes, which left off in the morning at 565. to 575. 6d. prem., closed this afternoon at 425. 6d. and 455. prem. Hull and Barnsley opened at 3% prem., closed at 2% prem. Derby and Gainsborough b egan at 30s. prem., and, although the efforts were great, the price could not be brought below 275. prem. The sales were—Hull and Selby, Half Shares, 22 —London and Croydon, 21—Blackburn, Darwen, and Bolton, .„ B—Great Grimsby and Sh e ffi e ld, Q uarter Shares, s—North xi British (Carlisles), 374—Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver hampton, 7 3 4—Cambridge and Lincoln, s—Dudley, Made , ley, and Iron Bridge, 12s. 6d. p.—East Lincolnshire, 3 1 4 Grand Union, 2 1 4—G reat North and South Wales and Vor c,ester, I—Leicester and Bedford, 2%—Lincoln and Wain - fleet, is. dis.—London and York, 474—London and Man chester (Rein.), 3%—London and Norwich Direct, ss. Nottingham and Gainsborough, 10s. p.—Nottingham and Boston, 3% Shrewsbury and Trent Union, 2—Yorkshire and Glasgow Union, 3%. YORK, Ocr. 24. STOCK EXCHANGE.—The sales are—Newcastle and Dar lington, New (Brandling), 50—North British (Carlisles), 3 3 4 —Axholme, 474—Cambridge and Lincoln, s—Derby and Gainsborough, 2%—Grand Union, 214—Leeds and Thirsk, 12—Leeds, York, and Midland, 4s. p.—Leicester and Bed ford, 2 1 /—Liverpool, Manchester, and Newcastle Junction, 5 —London and York, 4 3 jj—Newcastle and Berwick, 13% Welsh Midlands, 2%. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. WARWICK, BIRMINGHAM, AND NAPTON CANALS. _ A special meeting of the proprietors of the Warwick and Birmingham and Warwick and N a pt on C anals was held on ._ Tuesday last, at the Woolpack Inn, Warwick. There was a -- numerous attendance. Mr. W. C. Russell having been called to the chair, the meeting proceeded, in terms of the requisi tion, "to take into consideration a certain agreement pro - _ posed to be entered into between th e sa id Company and the Provisional Committee of the London and Birmingham Ex -2% tension, and Northampton, Daventry, Leamington, and War - wick Railway Company, and to confirm such agreement or otherwise; and also to take into consideration and determine on the propriety of applying to Parliament for powers for converting the said canal, or any part thereof, into a railway, or for making a railway along the line of the said canal, or any part thereof, and to enable the said Company to sell and dispose of the stock and property, or to lease the tolls of the said Canal Company, to any company or persons whomsoever, and to amalgamate with any railway or other company, or to 86 enter into any arrangements or agreements w i th any other 4% company or persons for the purpose of constructing a railway along the line of the said canal, and of the Warwick and Napton Canal, or either of them, into or from any place or places contiguous thereto, and for raising the necessary capi _ tal for the purpose af oresa id, an d a l so f or powers to consoli date this Company with the Company of Proprietors of the Warwick and Napton Canal Navigation, and Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal Navigation, or either of them, and for such other po wers f or th e purposes of managing and conducting the affairs of th e sa id C ompany as may be_ deemed requisite." In the course Of th e di scuss i on which ensued, Mr. D. Ledsam, of Birmingham, opposed the sale ; but it was finally agreed, there being no other opposition, to dispose of, the canals to the railway company, each share - holder in the Warwi c k an d Bi rm i ng h am Ca na l receiving 175/. per share cash, or shares in the Railway Company to that amount ; and the shareholders in the Warwick and Napton receiving 137/. 10s. per share, with a like option. Six of the directors of the railway company were present at the meeting, and signed the proper documents for the ful - filment of the contra c t, an d a c h ec k f or 10 , 000/ . was handed _ over by them to the Canal Company, as a deposit. The _ _ seals of the two comp an i es were then affixed to th e con — tract, and the meeting adjourned to the 7th of January, when the next meeting will be held at the same place. The en - gineer of the rail wa y company atten d e d , an d gave a detail of the intended operations of the company. He stated that _ _ the whole line of th e cana l wou ld b e ava il a bl e f or the in tended railway, except about three-quarters of a mile. After _ the conclusion of the business a large party of the share - holders dined together. MINERAL LINES. The vast influence which the universal construction of railways will have on th e d eve l opmen t o f t h e m i neral riches of the earth, has, perhaps, never entered the m i n d s o f many who are thoroughly conversant with the details of their several routes; yet little doubt is there but that many household luxuries—at present denied not only to the poor, but even many of th e m iddl e c l asses — w ill come i nto very r general use ; among these are marble for side tables, mantel _ pieces, wa.h-stands, &c., slates for paving, roofing, shelves, and safes for provisions, and numerous other productions of the mineral kingdom will find, in every direction, mar k ets alike numberl ess and insatiable. These productions of Nature's beneficent a rrangemen t s h ave hith er t o l a i n i n use _ less profusion, o n ly a tt a i na bl e b y t h e wea l t h y, f rom the ex cessive cost of transit; but when the districts are traversed in every direction by railways, renewed energy will be instilled into the owners of mineral property, and these pro - ducts raised and distributed among the community, giving employment to the immediate neighbourhoods, dispensing _ comfort, and increasing th e c i v ili sat i on o f man ki n d i n gene -raL It is an interesting subject to notice the peculiar mine - rals which each of our projected railways will aid in more general distribution; and we have selected the following, stating the productio ns lik e l y t o f orm a l arge proportion of their traffic, viz : Ambergate, Nottingham, and Boston—Coal, lime, grit - stone Bridgewater and Minehead—Lime, slate, and copper ore Bradford, Manchester, and Liverpool—Building stone, coal, &c. Bedfordshire, Hertfordshire, and Essex—Chalk and chalk rag Colebrook, Swansea, and Lougher—Coal, copper, iron Cumberland Union—Coal, lead, slates, flagstone Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Worcestershire—Coal, lead, iron, stone —„, Dudley, Madeley, and Iron Bridge—lron Direct London and Holyhead—Silver, lead, copper, slate, stone _ Erewash Valley—Coal, ironstone, &c. Great Eastern and Western—lron, coal, anthracite, copper, lime, salt Great Welsh Central—lron, copper, silver, slate Huddersfield and East and West Coast—Coal, stone, lime - _ stone Irish West Coast—Beautiful marbles, lead, iron, slate, and a hard close-grained gritty flagstone - Isle of Man—Lead, copper, iron, lime, granite, marble, man ganese, pottery clay, &c. Lincolnshire and Eastern Counties—Coal, from Y or k s hi re and Derbyshire - Leicester and Birmingham—Coal, ironstone, manganese, Eranite, and lime Leicester, Ashby-de-la-Zouch, and Stafford —Cannel coal, lead, iron, granite, limestone, slate • Mancsto nehester, B e,uxton, and Matlock—Coal, lime, building, marbl lead ; • Nottingham, Ambergate, and Manchester—Coal, lime, grit stone, limestone Oxford and Worcester Extension—Coal, ironstone, limestone Rhondda and Ely Valleys—Coal, ironstone, limestone Shropshire iron, Shropshire and .S...Torth Midland—Coal, lime, en marble, &c. Tean and Dove Valley—Coal, iron, lime Wear Dock and Railway—Coal Welsh South-Midland—Produce of great Welsh ironworks, coal, &c. Welsh Midland—Coal, lime, iron, copper, tin, zinc, &c. It is rumoured that the Banks of England and France are about to make arrangements for the reciprocal remittance of railway deposits. so as to obviate derangements in the currency. On Friday a deputation of bankers waited on the Chancel - for of the Exchequer to know whether he would take stock - in Exchequer -bills for the railway deposits. Arrangements, we understand, have been made for the amalgamation of the Brighton and Croydon lines. A communication, amongst other rumours, has reached us 234 to the effect that Mr. Hudson is to join the Birmingham and - Boston, and that Mr. GI) nisto be the Chairman. The Tring, Reading, and Reigate line proposes to form a triangular route, and to establish a triple te rm i nus, by adopt - ing the Birminghaml Railway for its northern, the Great and South-Westerns for its western, and the Dover and Brighton - for its southern extremities. We learn from the Railway Telegraph that at a meeting - of the Directors of the Eastern Counties Company, on Tiles ' day, Mr. Bagshaw in the chair, a resolution of thanks was passed to Mr. Bosanquet, the late Chairman, for the manner . in which he had presided over the Company's affairs for the - last ten years, requesting him, at the same time, to retain his - free pass-ticket over the railway and its branches. At a meeting of the Kendal and Windermere, on Wedees : day, it was agreed t o l a y d ow n a doubl e l ine o f rails. DIRECT LONDON AND MANCHESTER. LINES. --The amal . . gamation between the two companies (Rastrick's and Re mington's) has been finally concluded. Yesterday the two engineers met the Directors at the:offices in Moorgate-street, and gave the board the assurance that the survey of the line from London to Manchester was completed, and ready for Parliament. GREAT WESTERN. The Directors have given notice that they have entered into the agreement recently pub lished, for the permanent possession of the Bristol and Exeter Railway, subjected to a fixed rent-charge, for the express purpose of promoting, with perfect fairness to that Company and a due regard ti the interest of all parties, the very best direct line, on a continuous broad gauge, from the south-western ports of Cornwall and Devonshire, through Exeter, to the metropolis, thus affording comprehensive com munication in the district between Yeovil, Bridport, and Exeter, recognised by Parliament in last session. The Di rectors will recollect, that at the forthcoming special meeting the undertaking and extension of their own line from H unge ford, through the Pewsey Valley, to Westbury, with abranch to Malvern, will be considered. By a change in the direc tion of the Wilts and Weymouth line, between Westbury and Frome, the main western traffic, direct from London, will reach Yeovil within a distance of 126 miles, of which 91 miles of railway have been either constructed, or already sanctioned by Parliament. A new Company will be formed for a line between Yeovil, Bridport, and Exeter, by an asso ciation of residents and landowners, with guarantee and prospective increase of dividend. The surveys are said to be in progress, together with the necessary applications for the coming session. STATISTICS OF GERMAN LINES. • TRAFFIC FOR AUGUST, 1845. Luiz AND BERDERElS.—Passengers, 3,129; goods 65,970 cwt. ; receipts, 28,22611. Corresponding month, 1844, 25,06711. Length 85 miles. LUIZ AND GMUNDEN.—Passengers, 22,003; goods 81,000 cwt. ; receipts, 28,47911. Corresponding month, 1844, 26,73211. Length 45 miles. KAISER FERDINAND'S NORTH LlNE.—Passengers, 71,133 goods, 193,751 cwt. ; receipts, 174,43411. Corresponding month, 1844, 156,12111. Length 210 miles. A BRUNN (BRANCH TO).—Passengers, 35,879 ; goods, 180,513 cwt. ; receipts, 158,60911. Corresponding month, 1844, 139,727f1. Length 195 miles. b STOCKERAN (BRANcit To).—Passengers, 35,254; goods, 13,238 cwt. ; receipts, 15,7241. Corresponding month, 1844, 16,3948. Length 12 miles. VIENNA. AND GLOYNlTZ.—Passengers, 172,600; goods, 144,634 cwt. ; receipts, 132,60011. Corresponding month 1844, 125,01411. Length 50 miles. AUSTRIAN GOVERNMENT LINES.—No returns published. BAVARIAN GOVERNMENT LINES.--.Passengers, 66,993; goods, 58,000 cwt. ; receipts, 59,376 Rhen. for. Correspond ing month 1844. line not opened. Length, 106 miles. a MUNICH AND Auosnuito.—Passengers, 28,734; goods, 36,030 cwt. ; receipts, 31,558 Rhen. for. Corresponding month 1844, 30,555 Rhen. for. Length, 41 miles. b AUGSBURG AND D ONAUWOERTH.—Passengers, 111,199; goods, 13,000 cwt. ; receipts, 9,072 Rhen. flor. Correspond ing month 1844, not opened. Length, 26 miles. C NURNBERG AND BANSBERG.—Passengers, 27,420 ; goods, 9,000 cwt. ; receipts,lB,744 Rhen. flor. Corresponding month 1844, not opened. Length, 39 miles. NURNBERG AND Fuirrii.--Passengers, 45,770; goods, 228 cwt. receipts, 4,979 Rhen. lion Corresponding month 1844, 5,226 Rhen. flor. Length, 41 mil es . TAtmius.—Passengers, 107,538 ; goods, not known ; receipts, 71,1;83 Rhen. flor. Corresponding month 1844,1 62,236 Men. for. Length, 27 milts. BADEN.-Passengers, 258,874 ; goods, 118,896 cwt. ; re ceipts, 223,241 Rhen. flor. Corresponding giontb, 1844, 123,242 Rhen. flor_. ; length, 182 m il es . HAMBURG AND BERGEDORF.-Passengers, 25,653 1 ,4, goods, 1,270 cwt. ; receipts, 12,392 mark cour. Correspondiag month, 1844, 9,286 m. c. ; length 11 miles. ALTONA AND KIEL.-Passengers, 37,004 ; goods, 130,922 cwt. ; receipts, 73,560 m. c. Corresponding month, 1814 (not opened) ; length 70 miles. GLUCKSTADT AND ELMSHORN.-Passengers, 6,422 ; goods, 900 cwt. ; receipts, 4,000 m. c. C orrespond i ng month, 1844, (not opened) ; length 15 miles. RENDSBURG AND NEUMUNSTER.-Opened on the 18th of Sepiember ; length 25 miles. BERLIN AND ASHALT.-Passengers, 37,597 ; goods, 41,753 cwt ; receipts 64,837 thalers. Corresponding month in 1844 ; 64,267 thalers, length, 102 miles. BERLIN AND FRANKFORT.-Passengers, 25,056 ; goods, 10,770 cwt. ; receipts, 19,821 thalers ; Corresponding month, 1844, 19,285 thalers ; length, 53 miles. BERLIN AND POTSDAM.-Passengers, 45,439 ; goods, not known; receipts, 19,173 thalers. Corresponding month in 1844, 17,957 thalers; length, 17 miles. • BERLIN AND STETTIN.-Passengers, 32,279; goods, 61,122 cwt. ; receipts, 45,114 thalers. Corresponding monta in 1834, 40,679 thales ; length, 90 miles. UPPER SILESLI.-Passeng•ers, 25,849; goods, 81,745 cw t. ; receipts, 4965 thalers. Corresponding month in 1844, 14,651 thafers ; length, 53 miles. BRESLAIV, SCH\VERIN, AND FREIBURG.-Passengers, 36,311; goods, 95,133 cwt ; receipts, 25,739 thalers. Cor responding month in 1844, 21,150 thalers ; length, 42% miles. LOWER SILESIA.-Passeniers, 20,930; goods, 1,275 cw t. ; receipts, 11,257 thalers. Corresponding month in 1844 (not opened) ; length, 41 miles. SAXON BAVARIAN LINE.--Passengers, 18,757 ; goods, 36,077 cwt.; receipts, 15,952 th. Correspondingmouth, 1844, 13,959 th ; length. 45 miles. LEIPZIC AND DRESDEN.-Passengers, 56,876 ; goods, 92,643 cwt.; receipts, 62,906 th. Corresponding month 1844: 57,600 th. Length, 77i miles. MADGEBURG AND LEIPZIC.-Passengers, 72,429 ; goods, 10,1191 cwt. ; receipts, 66,064 th. Corresponding month 1844, 63,045 th. Length, 80 miles. MADGEBURG AND HALBERSTADT.-(No returns published.) BRUNSWICK.-Passengers, 67,509; goods, 112,748 cwt. ; receipts, 30,791 tb. Corresponding month 1844: 25,687 th. Length, 45 miles. HANOVER.-Passengers, 24,349; goods, 32,678; receipts, 15,934 th. Corresponding month 1844: 13,951 th. Length, 41 miles. DUSSELDORF AND RLBERFIELIL-Passengers, 40,548 ; goods, 1,110,42%cwt. ; receipts, 29,462 th. Corresponding month 1844, 47,818 th. Length, 17% miles. RHENISH LINE.--Passengers, 56,608 ; goods, 261,967 cu t. ; receipts, '73,616th. Corresponding month, 1844, 672-46th. Length, 57 miles. BONN AND COLOGNE.-Passengers, 90,243 ; goods, 1,348 cwt. ; receipts, 19,098 th. Corresponding month, 1844: 10,709 th. Length, 18 miles. Total number of passengers in Aug., 1845. L 477,909 ; goods, 1,455,617 ; receipts in Rhen. flor., 1,755,639. Total number of passengers in Aug. 1844, 1,183,553 ; goods, 1,242,058; receipts in Rhen. flor., 1,444,989. Increase over the year, 1844: passengers, 284,356 ; goods, 213,558 ; receipts in Rhen. for. 310,649. WEST SURREY AGRICULTURAL ASSOCIATION. The annual meeting of the above association took place on Thursday at Farnham. There was a plough ing match in the morning, and the weather being fine, it attracted a great many of the neighbouring gentry, who appeared to take a good deal of interest in the ex- The dinner took place at the Bush Inn, Farnham. Crawford Davison, Esq., of Pierrpoint, presided ; and there were also present J. Trotter, Esq., M.P. ; G. T. Nicholson, Esq., Colonel Sumner, H. Currie, Esq., S. Nicholson, Esq., A. L. Coussmaker, Esq., Captain Win sor, N. Fuller, Esq., &c., and about eighty of the prin eipal farmers of this division of the county were also present. The usual loyal and patriotic toasts having been pro rosel and duly responded to, The CHAIRMAN proposed " The Lord Lieutenant and r.Nicholson, and the Magistracy of the County." \ir. NICHOLSON, in returning thanks, after express ing the pleasure he felt in co-operating in carry ing out the objects of this association, said that as ;he chief object they sought to attain was to in crease the produce of the land, he thought it wai a very important consideration whether some means might not be devised to bring into cultivation the immense tracts of waste land that existed throughout the country, and he said that, in his opinion, the fame of the man who could achieve this would be far greater than that of any warrior or statesman who ever existed. 'At present these wastes were a positive evil, and tended very considerably to demoralise the agricultural popu letien, but he had no doubt with proper exertion they might be rendered a blessing, and be made available, and increase the qnautity of food for their population.— ( Hear, hear.) He was of opinion that the extension of railways would havea very material effect upon the cul tivation of waste land, as by their means they might have manure, which was almost all they required, brought to their doors at a very trifling expense. If they exerted themselves, whether they had any protect ing duty or not, he had no doubt that the farmers of England, from their superior energy, would be enabled successfully to compete with foreigners, and that they would be able to produce quite sufficient food for the po pulation of the country.—(( heers.) H. CURRIE, Esq., then proposed " The healths of the Members for West Surrey," and, at the same time, said he regretted that Mr. Denison was prevented by illness from being among them on the present occasion. He considered they were under very great obligations to both these Hon. Gentlemen for their exertions both in the House and out of it, and he was sure they would receive the toast in the manner it merited.—(Cheers.) Mr. TROTTER, in returning thanks, said that he also regretted very much that the state of health of his honourable colleague prevented him from being present. His Honourable Friend had been their representative for twenty years, and his conduct upon all occasions was so well known to them that it was perfectly unnecessary and irrelevant for him to say one word in reference to his services. With reeard to himself, lie had only a seven years' lease. That lease would expire very shortly, and he was, of course, unable to say whether it would be re newed or not. All he could however do was to tell them that he should be ready to take a new lease, and pay the same rents—(Hear, and a laugh.) With regard to what herl been said by his friend Mr. Nicholson about the cul tivation of the wastes, he agreed with him that much might be done, and he begged to remind them that the Act relating to draining, which was passed during the last session, was calculated greatly to facilitate the cul tivation of waste lands, it parties chose to take advan tage of its provisions. He had lately been in Scotland, where, upon the Lammermoor hills, one of the most bleak positions possible to be conceived, he saw turnips growing upon spots where nothing but heath had before grown.--(Cries of " Hear, hear.") He thought much might be done by bringing the large quantities of waste land there were in this country into cultivation. At present he did not offer an opinion how this was best to be - effected, but he would only say they had an Act of Parliament which gave them the power of trying how far it was practicable to bring these wastes into cultivation, if they chose to take ad vantage of its provisions. Mr. TROTTER, in proposing as a toast " The Farmers of West Surrey," said he agreed with what had been stated in the early part of the evening by Mr. Nicholson, that the labouring population ought to have more time alferded to them than they had at present, and that the agricultural labourer should have a holiday occasionally given to him. His wages, however, ought not to be stopped to pay for his holiday, for he would not enjoy it if he found his wages short on the Saturday night.— (Hear, hear.) He had never found the l a b ourer ungrate ful, and he was sure they would never regret treating him with kindness. With regard to the cultivation of waste lands, he might perhaps be allowed to make a few further observations. It might be very true that the rail ways would give facility to carry manure, but who was to buy the manure in the first instance ? The farmer could not do it, and unless he was assisted by his landlord, the idea of cultivating the marshes would turn out to be a chimera.—(Hear.) He heartily wished it could be effected, for it was absolutely necessary that they should go on increasing their produce to keep pace with their largely increasing population.—(Hear, hear.) In order to supply that increase of population, they required the produce of 116,000 acres of land, taking it at three-quarters an acre, and they also wanted 20,000 beasts, each of 100 stone, and 75,000 sheep at 9 stone ; supposing each person to consume 750). of meat a year ; and upon this calculation there would still be a very large deficiency. When they reflected upon this, they would see the necessity of leaving no exertion unspared, and that they need never fear pro ducing too much, and their only fear should be that there would not be sufficient. He had no desire to alarm them, but he felt it his d u ty t o ca ll t h e i r attent i on . . to so important a matter. Last gear they were able to produce sufficient food for their population ; and, under the blessing of Providence, he had no doubt they should be able to continue to do so.—(Hear, hear.) He believed they would go on with the corni-law they h a d at present without any alteration ; and his opinion was, that the present law should be sustained, and he trusted there would be no alteration in it.—(Cheers.) Mr. A. WINKWORTH, in returning thanks, said he be lieved the farmers had done all in their power, consider ing the treatment they had received. Their interests had been neglected and their property destroyed by an apostate minister and the men whom they had sent to Parliament to protect them.—(Hear, hear, and inter ruption.) He had recently met at Guildford a person connected with mercantile pursuits, who told him that he thought it was a folly to employ men to hoe wheat, and he hoped, in a short time, to see wheat at such a price that it would not be worth hoeing. When farmers were told this, and saw how they were treated by men who professed to be their friends, they did not know what to do for the best.—(Hear, hear.) Their Govern ment had made a very liberal tariff to benefit foreign nations, and they had been met by adverse tariffs in every direction.—(Hear, hear.) He considered that the farmers of England had been imposed up9n, and, as there was a talk of a split in the Cabinet, he hoped that they would look after their own interests, and that they would not be turned over as they had been.—(Hear.) The meeting then separated. WORKSOP LABOURERS' FRIEND SOCIETY. WORKSOP, WEDNESDAY, OCT. 22. The annual meet ing of this Society was held at Worksop on Tuesday. His Grace the Duke of Newcastle was present at the ploughing matches, and subsequently at the dinner of the Society, at the Red Lion Inn. Dinner being over, and the usual loyal toasts having been given, his GRACE, who occupied the chair, in pro posing " Success to the Works of the Labourers' Friend Society," spoke of its objects, and the duties of the em ployers to their servants. The Noble CHAIRMAN said, the next toast he had to propose was that which related to the objects they had met that day to celebrate ; and in proposing the toast he wished to make two or three observations upon it, although, not being prepared with any well digested epeech, he was afraid he should not be capable of offer ing anything more than a few ordinary remarks. That day for the first time he was present to witness the ploughing matches of the Society, and he must say, it gave him very great pleasure to observe so industrious a scene, one in which the labourers in husbandry took so mach pains, in which they were so anxious to distinguish themselves.—(Hear.) Not only were their praiseworthy emulations excited by the distinctions of the Society ; they had a pride amongst themselves, and no doubt they exerted themselves for the honour of their masters as well as their own.—(Cheers.)) IHe hoped that .sort of emulation would be persevered in by them, because it not only tended to distinguish themselves as executing their particular offices with adroitness and dexterity, 'out it also showed to them the great importance in their Atuation in life of preserving an excellent character. This would help to make them honest and good men.— (Cheers.) It would be quite unnecessary for him to attempt to enlighten them on the nature of this Society, which they had so kindly, and he must say so patrioti cally contributed to support. He was sorry to learn that the funds were not so good as they might be, but he hoped very much indeed they would be increased suffi ciently to enable them to give not only such premiums as were awarded by the Society at present, but even to in crease them, if it should be found necessary. What ever was useful and desirable for the people and bene ficial to those around them they would all most willingly, and, in a British manner, stand up to maintain.—(Loud cheers.) He must say, it was his humble opinion that, though this was called a Labourers' Friend Society, be really did think it was capable of being carried much fur ther than merely giving prizes for good worrnanship and long service. There were other desirable points to attend to in such a Society. He was sure they would go along with him, and feel, as he did, that it was very necessary and desirable that we should all adhere to those around us ; that we should make common cause with them, and stand in relation to one another as friends and neighbours.—(Cheers.) We were all of the same , tle,h and blood—all of the same family.—(Hear, hear.) There must be difference of rank and difference of posi tion, but they should never forget that it was their duty, as he was sure it was their anxious desire, to show the utmost kindness and benevolence of feeling to those around them, and gain their hearts and affections as touch as possible by the way in which they conducted themselves to them; by studiously inculcating in them all those moral and religious principles which would make thtm good men and good servants, and by watching over their morals, administering to all their necessities in reason.—(Cheers.) By these means we should gain their affection, and, with their affection, their hearty and willing exertions.—(Cheers.) He did not think it necessary to throw cut such a hint, but if they coincided with him, he hoped they would turn their attention to what he bad said—though he had said it rather loosely—and endeavour as much us • possible to elevate the condition of their servants ; and, while they endeavoured to make them good workmen, and skilful in the arts of hus- 'raising what is lost Makes the remembrance more dear "—SHAKO ° SIR,—It has been the decided opinion of the Londoe, i l l i o and some of the most di s ti ngu i s h e d men in the Rept° e to Letters, who ha ve d evote d t h e whole of their ex i s ieo ofs e the interesting department of literature that biographY ts 4 t° much importance that there i s no person, let his statl:vfor ever so exalted, who h as not d er i ved amusement arol,l illation from that mirror of experience, which other ":" t ,be virtues, or misfortunes aff or d ; an d , i n no instance ca n it stronger verified, to show what can be achieved by otie7ies hob, accompanied with a strong mind, than the life, o l l st above public character i n thi s great metropolis, who onaif his residence, 4, Grosvenor-street, Grosvenor-place, a ll 7th instant, aged 77. " I knew him well, Horatio." The Duke's son may go to the University to obtain leal a o sense, and knowledge ; th e y ou th o f my Lord Marquis er i also be sent to Oxford or Cambridge to become a st i r jaig man in society and obt a i n d egrees ; and the Baronet's dar id; boy spend his early day s a t E ton, to cut a f i g tit ' ef ure in the wat and yet after all th e d r illi ng t h ey have undergone , , be ir prove almost—nobodies, exc e pt an i mpor t ance from titles and fortunes. Such events are every-day oc currerc es _ t ; but the late John Jackson, Esq., had none of those adva;,, r geous helps to give him a lift over his fellows; yet, neve less, he was one of the most finished gentlemen to be met tint, amongst men of superior birth and high breeding—and PI commencement to obtain notoriety only that of a bo%! A He did not boast of origin, but he was respectably Connell: in life, his father being a build er . Hi s con t es t s i n t he P• atv were only three in number, with Fewterell, a Binning „s ea t terell who had won eighteen battl es , on J une 9, 1788. hat terell was so large a man, a n d p ower f u l i n the extreme, t an opinion was entertained Jackson would never hi e : re ! the knock him down. In one h our an d seven minutes acknowledged enough ! M a j or H anger, by commend , e) vo te Prince of Wales, wh o wad present, gave Jackson a bat"' At of a large amount. forhis display of courage and science:.,„b Ingatestone, in Essex, a ga i ns t G eorge, the Brewer , on Ala . `; 7 12, 1789. George w as u p war d s o f s i x feet. The o dds we et to 4 on Jackson, and lie must have wo n it in a canterr i4 s the rain had made the st age i n a slippery state, when Ja e ', of fell down, dislocated his ancle, and broke the small boat be his leg, and could n o t stand up to fight any longer, h . a t tba offered to be tied to a chai r , an d fi n i s h the contest, hu brewer refused. At Hornchurch, in Esse x , A pr il 15 , 1795, upwar ds o f at" years since, he fought with Mendoza for 200 guineas Übe This contest brought out all the great amateurs—the •"&e. of Hamilton, Lord Delaval, Sir John Phillipson & e ' t • t be 5t04 on Mendoza, but J ac k son treated the dais ° a nd Jew with the greatest indifference. After the fourth 1.0 by it was any odds upon J ac k son ; t h e latter held Mendozeit ace the hair—the umpires d eci d e d i t , vas fair, and in cone eq° te n of which the Jew was hit all to pieces. It was over Ol i o, minutes and a half; Jackson scarcely touched as to Po° ment. marri ed Soon after the above circumstance Mr. Jackson was •L„ t toilf to a most respectable widow, who kept the Cock at '" ev ter in Surrey, when he pledged himself to his wife not to lot the P. R. any more, and he kept his wend with the et r ' re et, punctuality. He then opened his rooms, 13, Bond - s t y which afterwards became so celebrated and well atteinte Ac t, the nobility, gentry, and literary men of the day. I° , o l 'be• it was a fashionable introduction to men of all ranks t o n ne come acquainted with the movements of the town ;an the but gentlemen were permitted to sign their names on t he list of subscribers pla ce d i n t h e most conspicuous part ofthen room. It was decid e dl y an ar i stocratic feature attl e the One little event will forcibly illustrate this rernar".' g on writer of this article call e d ra th er suddenly one Illor ni„ ; to ° Mr. Jackson at the r ooms , w h en h e was giving a lesson Alf nobleman ;he instantly s t eppe d f orward to the door- -- to dear boy," said he in a w h isper, " b e kind enough nat4seit proceed a step furthe r , hi s L or d s hi p possesses suc h r; help taste and so anxious about his quality, that if he cou ld it he would not let ally look at him." Jackson rose rapidly into patronage with the fortune knocked at his door, and he was called THE JACKSON I s p y porters idol of the P. R. fr o m the very highest to the loWe s a9 O porters and admirers of th e art o f se lf -defence. Viewetit t be o teacher of the above art, his qua lifi cat i ons were so rar e asj s cti pronounced above praise. His gentlemanly but firm ctietYr the urbanity of his manners, his great knowledge of ser - 01 00 and always acting upon that superior acquirement in the lt i c h impartial manner, placed him in that peculiar situation ebri no other man could, or will ever arrive at in the Pot listic sporting world. The man who could please thl ee tual aristocratic and fastidious class of society by his ioteb ate re, qualities and observation and experience with human ° e and and at the same time, and in the same breath, could a b w w ere subdue the most determined and violent fellows, wh ic a ftail , to be met with on many public occasions in sporting n ad', must have been "a man to be picked out of ten th°"'".. o - f e rre' In all his decisions on sporting matters which were ''' ec aote to him they haye given general satisfaction. One a° will suffice A young man :Of f as hi on an d f am i ly, rather addict]der play, in the early p ar t o f hi s career mixed w i t h id sons at gambling-h ouses , no t o f t h e most soun d chseavraeino crte_r,entCt whom he lost 17,0007., and gave, on th e imp u lse of the be t c l ; o o his I. 0. U. for the amount of the abov e sum when lie bv was possessed of the property b e l ong i ng to hi s f at h e r, w eo the wealthy baronet. Upon the death of his parent, whether above sum was demanded, he appealed to Mr. Jas he should pay it. • . t - Jack s° " Have you any doubts on the subject," asked 3 -r.i v 0 1/ " I have," he replied, " nay almost a certainty to mind." that you But have yen any p os iti ve proofs to sa ti s fy Me t your was cheated. I must h ave proo f s to t hat effec ' de cide thoughts upon the subject is no evidence for me to 1 upon?" "To tell the truth, as a gentleman and a man of l nu ; n have no decided proofs to lay before you, as to docume nt ' aid nt her the subject ; but, from the character of the gamblers, v i a _ a aa circumstances connected with their lives, - I think Y sure—l was cheated." eif Ye ti Sir William," was the a nswer o f Mr. Jackson , . b e ets have no decided pro o f s t o b r i ng f orwar d that you . tl_a p v; r t he , e e g cheated, my plain and strai g htf orwar d advice ra , t ° d money, and to keep b e tt er compan y for the remain your life." a it "Jackson, I thank you," w as th e reply of the Bar onet, shall." It was paid th e nex t d ay . teach er an a Yi ns i The writer of this biographical sketch never saw any red of the art of self-defence appe r so well fortified ag ,like 3 attack as the late Mr. Jackson ; his front aPP7an en d he He always stood on the defensive before his p P persog. where their eye suggested, and not to care about their told them to hit at him on any part of his iueni, body', o r He then generally stopped their efforts, and pointed ° , 1 ,1 01 a mistakes ; at other times he would Lord, nobleman was taking lessons of him, you mO,s t take care of yourself. I shall hit our, and the e en loves? , it blame me if you receive a tap or two from a Ile Wa s areer early part of his c managed his instructions with so much ddgFess. that hte great sporting a p a up h i n ls ra l e is a t s e e ne h d ar t d o h h i i n t i te •i r v . ith D r u a r p i t a u g re t s he anclatt ention a con - Mr. Jackson was on a visit character, residing on his estate aDuring from Auld Bee"' blow from ;n an opinion that a insisted also a visitor, seemed to enterta. toil a ir t . C D ro u j r-a d n o d n ' . Mr. Durand versation about sparring, a gallant colonel Id had if the colonel would on the contrary, and observed the gloves could not hurt any person. not omplaio time, he should c [the monstrated ; but, at the same set-to with Jackson, the argument would be practically' a'a FOR THE REMAINDER OF THE NEWS , " SEE THE SUPPLEMENT TO THE SUN Oi THIS DA E London: Printed and Published by MURD O YOITNGY,f No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Office, No. 1 14 . Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the Coun t y ° Middlesex, Monday, October 27, 1845. RELATIVE CLOSING PRICES OF RAILWAY SHARES d " - gi g 4 ..41 NAMES or RAILWAYS. 1 ;:i : 8 s 1 1 Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct 24. 24. 24. 24 , 5% S Aberdeen .....• - • • • • • Airdrie and Coatbridge • • Arbroath and Forfar •• • • - Ditto Half Shares •• • • - Armagh, Colr., &Portrush 1% Bandon and Bantry .• •• • - Belfast and Ballymena .. - Belfast and Connty Down - - BirktiluLLan.ScChes.Jne. - 9 , Birmingham and Glo'ster - - Do. New (iss. at 734 dis.) - - Ditto Half Shares .. • • - - liinninglun&Oxfrd.June. 3% -- - Blekburn, and Preston.. - - - Blekburn, Darwn,& Bolt]] - - - Bolton, Wigan, & Liverpl. - 33 36 - Boston, Stamfrd and Birm 1% p 236 2% Brighton, Lewes, & Hast. - - - Bristol and Exeter. ••• • • 91 - - Ditto New..- .. .. .. •• 103 - Bristol and Gloucester .. - - Bristol and S. Wales Junc. - British and Irish Union.. - Caledon . and Ayrsh. June - Caledon. & Dumbar.June - - - Caledonian ... - .... • ... II 12% 12% Ditto Extension ...... 3% 4% - Cambridge and Lincoln.. 4% 5% 536 Chester and Birkenhead.. - - - Ditto New Shares .• • • -31 36 - Ditto Half Shares • ... Chester and Holyhead • . Cheltenham and Oxford.. Chichester and Brighton.. Churnet Valley . - ...... Clitheroe Junction ...... • Clydesdale Junction ..... - Cork, Blackrck & Passage - Cork and Bandon ... .... - Cork and Killarney ..... - Cork and Waterford .... - Cork and Youghal ...... - Canterbury and Dover... - Coventry and Leicester.. Cornwall ............... - Derby and Crewe . ... ... - Direct Lon. and Manchstr - Diss, Beetles, & Yarinoth -- - - DirectAlan.(Remington's) 3% 3% 3 U I - Direct Northern .... • . 2% - - Direct Norwich - - - Dublin and Belfast June. 9 - Dublin, Belfast, & Colrne - Dublin and Drogheda.... • Dublin and Galway ..... Dundalk and Enniskillen • - Dundee and Arbroath ... - Dundee and Perth ...... - - Durham and Sunderland - East Lancashire (No. 1) - - Ditto (No. 2) .. .. - - - Eastern Counties . ...... 2136 21% 22 Do. New....... .... ••••• • 7% p - - Do. Perp.s pr Ct., No. 1 -p - - ' Do. do. N 0.2 19 p 3% - East Dereham &Norwich - - • East Union ............. - Ditto Extension ...... - - Editiligh, Glas., and Dam. - Edinburgh and Glasgow.. - Do. Quarter Shares • • • Do. New Quarter Shares Edinb. Leith, and Granton Do. Pref. 5 per Cent.. Edinburgh and Northern Edinburgh and Peebles.. - Edinburgh and Perth.... Ely and Huntingdon .... - Enniskillen and 51ig0.... Exeter, Yeovil, & Drchstr 3% - - Fltwood, Prstn, &W. Rid. -3% 3 % (lanikirk and Glasgow - - - - Glasgow and Ayr ....... - - - Do. Quarter Shares.... - - - Glasgow and Greenock .. - - - Ditto New... ......... - - Ditto Preference ...... - - Glasgw, Dmfries, and Car. -3% - I tlsgw, Kilmarnek, & Ard. - - I Glasgow and Belfast Un. -3% Goole and Doncaster .. • . 3% p 10113 Grand Junction . ... - 260 Ditto Half Shares .... - Ditto Quarter Share s .- ' Ditto New Quarters • • Ditto Eighths ...... - Grand Union ...... .... Great Eastern & Western - (It Grimsby &Dk Extens. - Gt Grimsby and Sheffield - (it Sthrn & Wstrn (hind) 23 Ditto Extension .... • • 1536 Great Munster.. • • ...... - Grt Northern of Scotland - Grt Northern of England - - Do. New 401. Shares .. 493 - Do. New 301. Shares .. - - Great Western •• • • 144 150 Ditto Half Shares ... • 84 - Ditto Fifths ... ... •• - 34 - Iluillid, Farehm, & Ports. - - - Harwich ... •• • • .•• ••• • • • - - - lludrsftd& Man.R. &Canl - 14 14 Huddersfield and Sheffield - 23% - Hull and Gainsborough.. - - !lull and Selby...-.. •• .. - - Ditto Quarter Shares.. 21 - - Ditto Half Shares .... - - - Inverness and Elgin .... - 28 - Isle of Jersey ........ - - - - Kendal and Windermere - - - Kingstown and Bray .... - - - Killarney Junctions ... - - - Lancaster and Carlisle .. - - - Lancaster and Preston .. - - - Leeds and Bradford - - - Ditto Extension ...... - - - Leeds and Dewsbury.... -- - - Leeds and Thirsk --• • • • - 1336 15 Leeds &W. Riding June. - 12 - Leicester & Birmingham 136 p 2% - Leicester and Bedford ... 1% p 2% 2% Limerick and Waterford - - Limrck, Emits, & KR. Jnc. - - - Lincoln, York, and Leeds - - - Liv. Man. &GtN. of Eng. - - Liverpool and Manchester - - -- Ditto Halt' Shares .... - - Ditto Quarter Shares.. - - Li verpl, Ormskrk,& Prstn - 7 6% London and Birmingham 217 218 - Ditto Thirds.-- •• • • 44 - Ditto Quarters . •.. 27 27 - London and Blaekwall .. 91% - - Liidn. Oxfd. & Chltnhani. - - London and Brignton.... 651( - Ditto Consolid. Eighths - - London and Croydon ...• 22% - Ditto New . ......... - - ( Do. Guarant. 5 per Cnt. 93 - London and Greenwich - - Do. Pref. or Privilege.. - London smd South Westrn - Do. New Cons. Eighths 33 Do. New, 501. Shares - - Do. New, 401. Sharen• London and York ....... Ditto (Bantry) ....... London and Windsor.... -21 s Lomb', Salsbury, & Yeovl 3% - Londonderry & Coleraine - - Londonderry & Enniskilha - - Lynn and Ely ........ • • - :- Lynn and Dereham ...•• 7% - Manchester and Leeds .. - 14; • Ditto Hall Shares .- .. 64 - Ditto Quarter Shares.. - - Ditto Sixteenths -- - - - Manclim • r and Birkenhead - - Manchester & Birminghm 81 • Ditto ~/uarter Shares.. 1436 Ditto New Quarters ... 12 Do. Con. & Welsh June. - Manthestr, Bolin, & Bury - 11Inchstr, Buxtn, & Matlk 4p xn, Sian. Shef. and Mid. June. - Mancliestr & Southamptn Midland Ditto Fifths •• - • • •• •• Dlt-o New ........... Do. ( ion. Birm. & Derby - Mtn !hi G t Westrn (Irish) - Do. Extension to Sligo - Nen - esti & Daringtn June. 57 Do. New (Brandling) 49 Newcastle and Berwick • • 16 Newcastle and Carlisle - Nwestle, Durban', & Lan Newport & Abergavenny N. N a c w w a ry r • l a a n n cl d E s n h n e i ffi sk e ll ld len . North British • • • . - Ditto New Shares • • • Northern and Eastern Do. Scrip (iss. at 5 dis.) Do. Quarter Shares • • Nor th Devon ... • ... - - North Kent .• • • •• - - - North Staffordshire •• • • North Eastern North Union (A) .... .. Ditto (B) ...... • • North Wales Mineral Ditto New Shares • . • • North Western •••• • • • • North Wales ••••• • • • • • Norwich and Brandon • • Ditto New • Not., lielvoir, & Granthm Nottingham and Boston • • Nett., Erwsh. Val.& Man. Nottingham & Mansfield Oxford and Binning. June Oxford and Worcester .. Oxford and Cambridge .. - Perth and Inverness .... - Portsmouth Direct...... 43, Preston and Wyre ...... - Ditto Half Shares •• .• - Do. Pref. 5 per Ct. Guar - - Do. Pref. 5 per Ct. & div. - Preston & Wyre E x t ens. - - Richmond &W. End June 10 - Rugby and Huntingdon-. 2% - 2% Scottish Central .....• • • 12 12 - Scottish Midland. ..... .. 3% - Slielli Ad and Manchester - - Ditto Quarter Sh ares .. - - - Ditto ditto (No. 2) .. - - _ - Ditto ditto (No. 3).. -- - 7 3 ,, 9 „ Sheffield and Lincoln.... _ , A . 22 Sheffield and Rotherham - Shrewsbry & Grand June. - ..... Shrewsb.. Wor., & Crewe 17i - I % Shrws ,IVolv.,Dudl,& fir - _ Slirwsbry & Trnt Val. U 2. 14 p ... . . .. . .: : Shrws, Ilerefd,& N. Wales - _ ___ .... Slamannan .• •••••• • • • • • - ...,_ - su i South i u t 1 1 1 3 1 Eastern Devoni a Midland... d . a . . .. n .. d : : Dover.. .. ; EN p ii -_ 6 % _ - 6 ... 3 i Do. New (iss. 32/.) No. 1 - - - _ Do. (iss. 301.) •, 3 2 - I 1 --- -- s S t t a a ff in n o c r si s . a ( l l:i s i d r s o . R 3 :lc i s h .6 iir m s. o o B p n d s d . : . ir " - e _- _- _- Stirling and Dunfermline - - - South Wales- • ... 4% -5% Tears and Dove Valley .. 236 IN - Trent Va11ey,. : ... : ._.... 15% 16 -- I 2 la% - -- - .20341 --- 2 % 1: - 5%1 : - 4%!:: 414 % - I 4 - I 4 - 2%1 2%1 2% - -2% ,6%1 18 4% - ---. 1-5 12 4153411 8 % - - 67 % I 167 4%1 4 5i 48g - 47fit 4% 23% -._ 4%1- I 554 3 %1 4%p 6 % 6% 4NI - I 434 - 4 13 % 1 4514 - I 4141 8I 8 8% 6 tit 153'9di Do. and Holyhead Junc. Vale of Neath • • • .. .. .. West London, Old Shares West End & Sothrn Coun. Wexford aad Carlow .... Warwick and Cheltenham Waterfonl and Kilkenny Watrfd,Wxfd,Wick& Dub Wakefield and Bradford .. Wakfid, l'ent•hrct, & Gaol Wakefield and Harrogate ' Warwick and London . .. West Lancashire .. .... .. Worcester and Tring.. .. Whiteharen and Furness Do. New Half Shares.. Welsh Midland .. .. .. .. • • 33 3% 3% West C0rnwa11......... West Yorkshire ........ Wilsontwn, M.& Coltness Wilts, Somrst, & Weymth 5% - - Wilts, Somrst,& Sollthan! IY. Yarmouth and Norwich .. 1 Ditto New . . .. ....... : -- York and Carlisle ....... York and North Midl an d 1 09 Ditto IT Shares ... • 53 Ditto Scarbro' Branch 55 Ditto Selby ... ... „SO Ditto Extension .... • • 26% YorksbU e &Glsgow Unn. 'Ai - I%p 5134 2%p I. I Oct, I. 24. 1 7s6d PI 205 p! 95 pl 6 - sppl 233 - EETE Oar. 24. STOCK ERMA/COM— X The R, sales are—Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester, % p.—Exoter, Topsham, and Exmouth (Head's IN Tine PRINCIPAL CITIES AND TOWNS IN ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND. 4 I PI loe'd; Oct. —. 123. _ _.~..x w NAME OF RAILWAY. Oct. 18 Arbroath and Forfar • • •• • Bristol and Birmingham .• • • • ••• •• Chester and Birkenhead .• • • ••• • •• Dublin and Drogheda •• • • Dublin and Kingstown .• •• •• Dundee and Arbroath . Durham and Sunderland .• • • • •••• • • Edinburgh and Glasgow . • • • • • Eastern Counties and North Eastern.. Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr • • • Glasgow and Greenock.. ..... •• • • Grand Junction .. • • •••• • • •• Gravesend and Rochester • • • • • • • • •• • • Great North of England • • • • • Great Western I L L i o i l v il n e l d ri n n o Liverpool a . •• •• •• Selby n ad n d Birmingham. London and Blackwall .. •• • ••• London and Brighton London and Croydon London and Greenwich . • . London and South Western . Manchester, Bolton, and Bury ...... Manchester and Birmingham Manchester, Leeds, and Hull Assoc.. Midland Counties Newcastle and Darlington .......... Newcastle and Carlisle • • • • • • • • Newcastle and North 5hie1d5........ North Union and Bolton and Preston Paris, Corbeil, and Orleans Paris and Rouen ..... • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Preston and Wyre • ••••••• • • • • • • Sheffield and Manchester • . •••• • • • • South Eastern—. • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Ulster . .. Yarmouth and Norwich ............ York and North Midland. •• 810 3,310 7,251 1,988 15,377 206 7,20,137 1 22,635 I 16 93f 5,686 5, 1,627 1, 7,266 6, 995 4,436 3, 7,192 5, 18,271 15, 2,88 G 1, 1,675 1, 457 1,710 1, 7,097 6, 6,342 5, 551 L 196 7,706 5, 1,199 b 7512 I 4", BANK OF ENGLAND. ACCOUNT FOR THE WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 11TH, 1845, AS COMPARED WITH THAT OF THE PRECEDING WEEK. In the Issue Department—Notes issued £28,0e8,820 In the Banking Department—Notes remaining 7,037,600 21,031,220 Circulation, last time 21,260,055 Decrease in the circulation of notes with the public ... .. Seven day and other bills Last time Decrease in the bills Public deposits Last time 228,835 1,081,206 1,088,160 6,954 Enerease in the public deposits ,,, 8,782,975 8,703,497 79,478 8,474,856 8,167,961 Private or "other deposits".. Last time 'ncrease in the private or "other deposits" . 306,895 Government securities ... [No alteration.] Private or "other securities" - 15,133,966 Last time 15,188,965 Decrease in the private or other securities.. Gold and silver coin and bullion.. Last time.. 54,999 14,580,684 14,865,043 Decrease in the bullion, &c., in both departments 284,359 increase in the circulation, as compared with the corresponding week of last year 1 . increase in the bullion, ditto, ditto ~. 803,160 135,650 TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. From my Chambers in the West, Oct. 18, 1845. SlR,—The above account is more satisfactory than the re turns of the preceding week; the extension in the circulation has been checked, and the tables turned the other way. 'I he large increase of 306,895/. in the private or other deposits, on the eve of the:dividends is of a very unusual character, and shows the abundance dmoney. The decrease in the private or other securities of 54,999/. is but the beginning of a consi derable reduction tinder that head; for if parties can get bills discounted in Lombard-street at 2% or 2 3 4 per cent., they will of course cease to apply at the Bank ; the consequence will be, that large sums will remain in the banking department unproductive. It is true their Government securities are greatly reduced in amount. On the 12th October last year they had 16,353,8341., now they have only 13,348,643/., being a reduction 013,005,191 t. in the twelve months ; this amount can now be advan tageously replaced, paying even a better rate of interest than discounting bills at, three per cent., at the present prices of the funds. The bullion is again decreased ; still, the amount is above the returns of the corresponding week of last 3 e.r. and the present rates of exchange even more favourable that] at that period. The bank having raised its discounts to three per cent. will, it is said, have the effect of making some men more sober ; of course in the same proportion as three bears to two-and-a- half, that is to say, the maximum of speculation is to be re duced in the inverse ratio of twenty per cent. on the aggre gate amount, by the increase of one-half per cent. in the value of money, eras credenzas, hodie nihil. The real cause, however, for this alteration, is stated not to arise so much from a pprehensions of a domestic nature, but that the Directors have at last found out that money is of more value on the continent than in this country ; but this fact was known to them last autumn, and had they then listened to Cosmo polite's remarks they would not have reduced their discounts from three to two-and-a-half per cent, at all, fur at that very period the Bank of France was discounting bills at the current rate of four per cent. The thirst for speculation was at that time also in an incipient state, which the proceedings of the Directors since fanned into an unquenchable flame ; besides it would have prevented this early and injudicious tampering with the value of money at the rates so recently established. It is an old adage, that large bodies move slow; so it in deed appears, for the gentlemen in the Bank-management .have required an experience of twelve months to discover that if certain parties could get bills discounted here at t wo and-a-half per cent. and employ the proceeds in the discount markets abroad, at from three-and-a-half to five•and-a half per cent., it would yield a large profit to those so en gaged and ultimately bring a vast number of continental bills in this country for the like purpose, which, although drawn by foreign houses, yet being accepted or endorsed by our first-rate merchants and capitalists,must ofcourse be con sidered as unquestionable paper at the Bank and discounted accordingly. -_I am, Sir, your obedient servant, COSMOPOLITE. DEATH OF W. F. BOTELER, ESQ., THE COMMIS ZONER es•ltammurrs.—On Friday the bell of Lincoln's Inn Was told, on information received from Leeds of the death of sir. Boteler, one of the benchers, who died from the injuries received in the late accident on the Midland Railway. Mr. Beteler was a commissiones of bankrupts for the Leeds district. CHATHAM, OCT. 24.—The Meander, 46 guns, in (leek, fitting for commission, has had the whole of the copprr taken off her bottom, and has been recaulked and coppered, and is now ready for the pendant. The Retribution rtea:n frigate, Captain S. Lusbington, has got her lower rigging over the masts-heads, and is fast progressing in her equipment for sea. Seveial hands from the dock-yard have entered fur her. Lieutenant Hall, and a party of Marine Artillery, con. eating of about thirteen men from Portsmouth, are expected for this vessel, and also a party of Royal Marines, consis' ing or about eighteen men, will join this frigate in the course of a feu- days. The , Hague, 72 guns, and the Eurotus, 42, are oreered to be fitted with screw-propellers for steam guard- i ships for the protection of the River Medway : the former vex sel is to be sent to the River Thames to be fitted by con tract ; the latter ship will be fitted at this yard, and will be immediately taken in hand, and shipwrights are to be hired for that purpose. THE NEW EXCHEQUER OFFICES.—On Friday the new Exchequer offices, in Stone-buildings, were opened for the first time since their erection. The masters of the Ex - ch.tquer assembled, and some of the other officers transacted business. The whole of the establishment will not be pos setased of the various offices until Saturday. :DIEPPE, OCT. 23.—M. Thiers and Count Wa le, ;vs ki were among a large number of passengers who landed herg last night fiom the steamer Magnet, from Brighton. RAILWAY RETURNS. RAILWAY TRAFFIC.—The following are the Total Receipts of Rail ways for the past week—that is to say, up to the date to which th:. respective returns are made, together with the receipts of the same week in the previous year : Week ending Last P. I P. week. I E . . N o, such ea Prop if you orge th j i °,v Qt Ili with ioa y Give. , th apd s `qq, 4 1p, t `?rro,,, otir 0 " I ltrlti L L 24, ._~