The Sun. — London, England, 1850-12-10 00:00:00

a— mile and a ha If broad. Thai tomb is a sad affair fa. - s uch a man; it , has an inscription upon it denoting that it vies erected by John Strutters, marble mason! It is placed under a glaring red building, something between a coach-house, and a cage; the Senate had once procured the consent of: the family to have it removed to the ca pitol, when a bricklayer, a labourer, and a cart arrived to take it off one morning , at which their indignati on mo lly rose. There are few; hings remarkable in the house, except the key of th© Bastille sent by General •►yette to General Washington, and a sword sent to kin ley itecleriek the Great, with this address, " From Ike eldest general of the age to the best." I made a rapid journey, by steamboat and railroad, tiareuel the states of Virginia and North Ca rolina; the country wore a universal impress of ex h au stion, desertion, slavery. I spent a fortnight at Charleston, the capital of her more energetic sister, South Carolina. This town and state may be looked upon as the head-quarters of the slave-holding interest. I am bound to say that I spent my time there ver y pleasantly; there was much gaiety and unbounded hospitality. I have made no diseeise of what my opi nions upon slavery were, are, and ever must be; but it would be uncandid to deny that the planter in the sou thern states has much more in his manner and mode of intercourse that resembles the English country gentle. , man than any other class of his countrymen; he is more easy, companionable, fond of his country life, and out of door pursuits. While I was willing not to shut my eyes to any of the more favourable external symptoms or mi tigations of slavery, other indications could not come across my path without producing deep repugnance. On the very first night of my arrival I heard the deep sound of a curfew bell; on inquiry I wry told that after it had sounded every night about nine o'clock, no coloured per son, slave or free, mark that, must be seen in the streets. One morning, accordingly, I saw a great crowd of coloured persons in the sireet, and I found they were waiting to see a large number of their eolour, who bad been taken up the night before on their return from a ball, escorted in their ball dresses from the gaol to the court-house. Indeed it was almost principally with relation to the free blacks that the anomalous and indefensible working of the system appeared there to de velop itself. I was told that the slaves themselves looked down upon the free blacks, and called them rubbish. I must not omit to state that I saw oue slave auction in the open street, arising from the insolvency of the pre- TiOiLS owner: a crowd stood round the platform, on which sat the auctioneer; and beside him were placed in succession the lots of from one to five negroes. The families seemed to be all put up together, but I imagine they must often be separated; they comprised infants and all ages. As far as I could judge, they exhibited great indifference to their changing destiny. I attended a meeting of the convention of the Episcopal Church of ,South Carolina. Whether it may be for encouragement or warning to those who wish for the introduction or re visal of such synods at home, I mention the point then under discussion. It was—How far it was proper to show deference for the opinion of the bishop. In point of neatness, cleanliness, and order, the slave-holding states appeared to stand in about the same relation to the free as Ireland does to England. Everything appears slovenly, ill-arranged, incomplete. Windows do not shut, doors do not fasten. There is a superabund ance of bands to do everything, and little is thoroughly done. [His Lordship having left Charleston arrives at the Haysnnah after a voyage of 12 days.] How en chanting to the senses at least were the three weeks I spent in Cuba! How my memory turns to its pictu resque scenes and balmy skies. During my whole stay, £he thermometer scarcely varied from 76 deg. to 78 deg. iv the shade. I am disposed to weeder that these re gions are not more resorted to by our countrymen for enjoyment of life and escape from death. Nothing was ever so unlike either Europe or America as the Ha vannah; at least I had never been in Spain, the mother country, which I suppose it most resembles. The courts of the gleaming white houses have a Moorish look, the interiors are much covered with arabesques, and on the outside towards the street they have immense open spaces for windows, in which they generally find it superfluous to put any glass; the carriages are called volsntes, and look as if they had been intended to carry Don Quixote. Then how delicious it used to be, late in the evening, under a moonlight we can scarcely imagine to sit in the square called the Place of Arms, where, in a space tanked by some gleaming palm trees and four smell fountains, a gay crowd listeeed to excellent music from a Spanish military band. It is certainly the bandsomeet town I saw in the new world, and gives a great idea of Cie luxury and splendour of Spain in her patmy days. The billiard-rooms and ice-saloons streamed with light; the great theatre is as large and brilliant as almost any in Europe. Again, how full of interest were some visits I paid in the interior both to Spanish and American _households. I cannot condense my impres sions of the scenery better than by repeating some short stanzas which, with such intuencEs around me, I could not help perpetrating. I hope that, while they bear witness to the intoxicating effects of the landscape and the climate, they do not wholly leave out of view the at tendant moral: — Ye tropic forests of unfading green, Where the palm tapers, and the orange glows, Wkere the light bamboo weaves her feathery screen, And her tall shade the matchless seyba throws : Ye cloudless ethers of anchanging blue, Save as its rich varieties give war To the clear sapphire of your midnight hue, The burnished azure of your perfect day. Ye tell me not my native skies are bleak, That, fleshed with liquid wealth, no cane-fields wave; Tor - Virtue pines, and Manhood dares not speak, And Nature's glories brighten round the Slave. Among the country houses I visited was the sugar estate of one of the chiet creole nobles of the island—(l do not know whether my hearers will be aware that the proper meaning of a creole is a person of European descent born in America). I wee treated three with the most refined and courteous hospitality; ana what a view it was from the terrace of golden corn-fields, and fringing woods, and azure see! The treatment of the domestic: slaves appeared kind and affseticnate, and all the negro children on the estate repeated their catechism to the priest, and were then brought in to dance and romp in the drawing-room. Generally there does not appear to be-the same amount of repulsion between the white and coloured races as in the United States, and there is the pleasant spectacle of their being mixed together in the churches. Still the crying conclusive fact remains, that the average negro population died off in ten years, and had to be recruited by continucus importations, which are so many breaches of the solemn treaties between Spain ,and us. On one coffee estate which I visited— and generally the coffee cultivation is far lighter than that of the sugar cane—a still darker shads was thrown upon the system, as I was told from a most authentic source that there was great difficulty in preventing mothers from . killing their offspring. 'General Valdez, who ass captain-general of the island during my visit, is thought to have exerted himself ho nestly in putting down the slave trade. I believe it has been as much encouraged as ever under some of his successors. [Lord Carlisle, after al luding to the state of political parties in Cubs, describes his departure from the island and arrival at New Orleans.] The good I have to say of New Orleans must be chiefly confined to the St. Charles Hotel, which is the most splendid of its kind that I saw even in the United States. When it is at its full complement 560 dine there every day-350 of whom sleep in the house; there are 160 servants, 7 French cooks; all the waiters whites, Irish, English,French, German, American. The very intelligent proprietor of the hotel told me he thought the Irish made the best; he has them all together every day at noon, when they go through a regular drill, and rehearse the service of a dinner. I went from New Orleans to Louisville, on board the Henry Clay steamer. 1,600 miles, which lasted six days. The first 1,100 miles were on the Mississippi. (Aster a voyage of 400 miles up the Ohio his Lordship describes a visit that he paid to Mr. Clay, at hie residence in Kentucky.) The qualities which rivet the Senate and captivate his al. herents seemed to me both heightened and softened by his frank, courteous, simple intercourse. He lives with his family in a modest house, among field* of deep red soil and the most luxuriant grass, growing under very thriving and varied timber—the oak, sycamore, locust tree, cedar, and that beautiful ornament of American woods, the sugar maple. He likes showing some English cattle. His countrymen seem to be in the habit of calling upon him without any kind of previous introduction. Slavery, generally mild in the pastoral state of Kentucky, was certainly seen here in it 4 least repulsive guise; Mr. Clay's own negro servant, Charles, was much devoted to him ; he took him with him on a tour into Canada, and when some Abolitionists there wanted him to leave his master, " Not if you were to give me both your provinces," was the reply. My next halt was at the White Sulphur Springs, in the western portion of Virginia. The season had not yet commenced, early in May, so I was in sole possession of the place. One of my southern friends had kindly plaevid a delightful little cottage at my disposal, and I enjoyed in the highest degree the unwonted repose in the solitude of virgin forests, and the recesses of the green Alleghenies. Here were my brief farewell lines to the small temple-like cupola over the bright sulphur-well from which I used to drink many times in the day:— " Hail dome, whose unpresuming circle guards Virginia's towing fountain; still may health Hover about thy crystal urn, and bring To cheeks unused their bloom! may beauty still Dwell on thy billowy swell of wooded hills, And deep ravines of verdure; may the axe, Improvement's necessary pioneer, Mid forest solitudes, still gently pierce, Not bare their leafy bowers! This votive lay, Like wreath of old, on thy white columns hung, Albeit of scentless flowers from foreign soil, Scorn not, and bid the pilgrim pass in pea c e." I again turned my face to the west, and passed Cincin nati, which, together with all that I saw of the State of Ohio seemed to me the part of the Union where, if obliged to make the choice, I should like bes t to fi x m abode. It has a gr ea t share of all the civilisation w ith and e applianoes of the old se t t l e d states of the east, richer soil, the softer climate, the fresher spring of life, which distinguish the west. It had b es id es to me the great attraction of being the first free state which I reached on my return from the region of slavery, and the contrast in the appearance of prosperity and progress is just what a friend of freedom would always wish it to be. I embarked at Chicago on the great lakes; but here I must desist from pursuing m y devious wanderings on those large inland seas, and on tho opposite shore of Canada. Many thousands of miles have I steamed away over Lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie, Outwit); the Rideau Canal, the St. Lawrence and Ot tawa livers. Seine of these I traversed twice, and they supplied some of the most interesting and picturesque features of my long journeyings. I should have scru pled in any case to touch upon the politics of Canada, and indeed my pauses at any fixed spot were too short to qualify me for the attempt, even if it had been de sirable. It is a magnificent region, especially its western portion—happy in climate, soil, and scenery. r hoWeier, only attempted to dash off two slight sketches from my Canadian recollectiOns. Hero is tho Bust. I stood in a terraced garden on the summit of a high promontory, running with a steep angle into the basis made by the River St. Lawrence, of which it is no exas; aeration to say that the water is as clear, bright, ace. above all, green a s an y emera ld ; h ere , u pon I be lie vs.. the most imperial site in the world, stand the cite de l city of Quebec; the shipping was lying in great qt lent ay close under the rocky steep, and was dotted for a cons iderable way along the shining river; in front was th .e inland of Orleans, well-shaped and fall-peopled; rid/ Se upon ridge beyond, ending with Cape Tourment, clef ,tended on the river; the shore on either side gleamed wi th white. villages, and the town below seemed to climb or almost leap up the straight precipice, broken with hi gh cersent roofs and glittering tinned spires. The flag of Eng;land waved upon the highest bastion that crowned ties rock, the band of the Queen's Guards was playing in the -garden, the clearest blue of western skies was above my head, and rising above the whole glowing scene was the commemorative pillar to that General Wolfe, who on thi s spot transferred to usEnglishmen, by his own victory ar .d death, and with the loss of 45 men, the mastery of a J n ti ent. [Lord Carlisle here sketched another scene, v which he witnessed in the centre of Leko Huron, on one of its countless islands.] Entering the United States again, I made a rapid journey by Lakes Champ lain and George, by Ticonderoga and Saratoga, historic names; spent four very delightful days in most attrac tive society in a New England village, reviewed the beauteous impressions of the Hudson, and taking leave of friends not soon to be forgotten, on the quay of New York, left the hospitable shores. You will have per ceived that in these desultory notes I have not attempted to pronounce any formal judgment upon the American people, or the great experiment they are conducting in the face of the world. The extreme diversity of habits, manners, opinions, feelings, race, and origin, in the se veral park of the wide extent of country I traversed, would render the difficulty, great in any case, of such an undertaking, still mere subtle and complicated. The striking contrasts in such a shifting and variegated as pect of society make me feel that any such general and dashing summary could only be attempted after the fashion of a passage which I have always much admired in Gibbon, where, wishing to give a fair view of the poetical character of Claudian, he sums up separately his merits and defects, and leaves his reader to strike the just balance. In some such mode it might be stated that North America, viewed at first with respect to her natural surface exhibits a series of scenery', various, rich, and, in some of its features, unparalleled ; though she cannot, on the whole, equal Europe in her mountain elevations, how infinitely does she surpass her in her rivers, estuaries, and lakes. This variegated surface of earth and water is seen undt r a sky warm, soft, and balmy in summer, clear, blue, and brilliant in all its latitudes, , with a trans parency of atmosphere which Italy does not reach, with varieties of forest growth and foliage unknown to Europe, and with a splendour of hues in autumn before which painting must despair. With respect to the moral aspect, I :naturally feel the difficulty of any suc cinct or comprehensive summary infinitely heightened. The feature which is the most obvious, and probably the most enviable, is the nearly entire absence, certainly of the appearance, and iu a great degree of the reality of poverty; in no part of the world, I imagine, is there so much general ease and comfort among the great balk of the people, and a gushing abundance struck me as the prominent characteristic of the land. It is not easy to describe how far this consideration goes to brighten the face of nature, and give room for its undisturbed enjoy ment. Within a mere span of time, as compared with the general growth and progress of nations, the industry at once steady and persevering, of the in habitants, has cleared enormous tracts of fo rest, reared among their untrodden glades spa cious and stately cities, opened new highways through the swamp and the desert, covered their un equalled rivers with fleets of steam-boats and craft of every form, given an extension to canals beyond all previous experience, and filled land and water with lasting miracles of successful enterprise.. The traveller, wafted with marvellous ease by steamboats and railways over prodigious spaces, cannot but indulge in what may ap pear a mere superficial satisfaction at the accommodation he meets with in the hotels of the principal cities, which ere regulated on a scale and with a splendour and even cleanliness which he will find scarcely rivalled in the capitals of Europe. However absorbed in the pursuits of business, agriculture, and trade the citizens of these young Republics may be, and though it would seem to be their obvious vocation in life to cultivate almost bound less wastes, and connect almost interminable distances, circles are nevertheless to be found among them in which in point of refined and agreeable intercourse, of literary taste and general accomplishment, it would be difficult for the great capitals of the elder world to surpass; the bench and bar, as well as other professions, can boast well of the solid and brilliant qualities by which they are adorned; and while much occurs in Congress that must be deemed rough and unseemly, the chords of high and generous feeliug are frequently struck within its walls to accents of noble eloquence in the universal fluency of their public speaking they undoubtedly surpass our selves. In runt life I doubt whether the world ean produce more examples of quiet simplicity and prospe rous content than would be found, I might say most prominently, in the embowered villages of New Eng lond, or of the sunny valleys of Pennsylvania. I am sure that I am not wanting in respect for the operative classes of the district, but I cannot conceal from myself that the appearance of the female factory population of Lowell presents some points of favourable contrast. Among the more opulent portion of society, an idle man without regular profession or fixed pursuit is the excep tion which excites observation and surprise. The pu rity of the female character stands deservedly high, and society has been deemed by some to be rendered less agreeable by the rigid devotion of the young married women to their households and nurseries. It is some thing to have travelled nearly over the e hole extent of the Union without having encountered a single specimen either of servility or incivility of manner—by the last I intend to denote intentional rudeness. Elections may seem the universal business, topic, and passion of life, but they are, at least with but few exceptions, carried on without any approach to tumult, rudeness, or disorder ; those which I happened to see were the most sedate, un impassioned processes I can imagine. In the free states, at least, tito people at large bear an active, and, I beliese on the whole, a useful part in all the concerns of internal government and practical daily life; men of all classes, and especially of the more wealthy and instructed, take a zealous share in almost every pursuit of usefulness fled philanthropy; they visit the hospitals and asylums, they attend the daily instructions of the schools, and give lectures at lyceums and institutes. I am glad to think that I may be treading in their footsteps on this oeca sion. I have already mentioned with just praise the universal diffusion and excellent quality of popular edu cation, as established especially in the states of New England, the powerful empire state of New York, and I may add the prosperous and aspiring state of Ohio. Without venturing to weigh the preponderating recom mendations or deficiencies of the voluntary system, l may fairly ask what other communities are so amply sup plied with the facilities of public worship for all their members; the towns, old and young, bristle with churches; they are almost always well filled; the Sabbath, in the eastern and northern states at least, is scrupulously observed, and with the most unbounded freedom of conscience, and a nearly complete absence of polemical strife and bitter ness, there is apparently a close unity of feeling and practice in rendering homage to God. Though it would appear difficult, and most certainly be un graeious, to paint the reverse side of such a country and such a people, a severe observer would not be long at fault. With respect to their scenery itself, while be could not deny that within its vast expanses it contained at times both sublimity and beauty, he might establish against a charge of monotony, to which the immense con tinuances of the same surfaces, whether of hill, valley, wood, lake, or river—the straght unbroken skirt of forest, the entire absence of single trees, the square parallelograms of the cleared spaces, the uniform line of z , g-zsg fences, the staring squareness of the new wooden towns, all powerfully contribute. In regard to climate, without dwelling on such partial influences as the malaria, which desolates the stunted pine-barrens of North Carolina, and banishes every white native of South Carolina from their rich-plains during the entire summer, the hot damps which festoon the trees on the southern coast with a funeral drapery of grey moss, the yellow fever which decimates the quays of New Orleans, and the feverish agues which line the banks of the Mississippi, it would be impossible to deny the violent alternations of temperature which have a more general prevalence, and it is certain that much fewer robust forms and ruddy complexions are to be seen than in our own more even latitudes. Passing frum the physical to the moral atmosphere, amidst all the vaunted equality of the American freemen, there seemed to be a more implicit deference to custom, a more passive sub mission to what is assumed to be the public opinion of the day or hour, than would be paralleled in many aristocratic or even despotic communities. This quiet acquiescence in the prevailing tone, this complete abne gation of individual sentiment, is naturally most percep tible in the domain of politics, but I thought that it also in no inconsiderable degree pervaded the social circle, biassed the decisicns of the judicial bench, and even infected the solemn teachings of the pulpit. To this source may probably in some measure be traced the re markable similarity in the manners, deportment, conver sation, and tone of feeling, which has so generally struck travellers from abroad in American society. Who that has seen can ever forget the slow and melancholy silence of the couples who walk arm-in. arm to the tables of the great hotels, or of the unsocial groups who gather round the greasy meal of the steam-boats, lap up the five minutes' meals, come like shadows, so depart? One of their able public men made an observation to me, which struck me as pungent, and perhaps true, that it was probably the country in which there was less misery and less happiness than in any other of the world. There are other points of manners on which I am not inclined to dilate, but to which it would at least require time to be reconciled. I may just intimate that their native plant, tobacco, lies at the root of much that we might think objectionable. However necessary and laudable the general devotion to habits of industry, and the prac tical business of life may be, and though there are families and circles in which no grace, no charm, no ac complishment are wanting, yet it cannot be denied, that among the nation at large, the empire of dollars, cents, and material interests, holds a very preponderating sway, and that art and all its train of humanities exer cise at present but an enfeebled and restricted influence. If we ascend from social to political life, and from man ners to institutions, we should find that the endless cycles of electioneering preparations and contests, although they may be carried on f or t h e mos t p ar t without the riotous turbulence or overt bribery by which they are sometimes but too notoriously disgraced among ourselves, still le ave no i ntermission for repose in the public mind; enter into all the relations of existence; subordinate to themselves every other quest i on o f in ternal and foreign policy; lead their public men, I will not say their best , b ut the average of them,to pander to the worst prejudices, th e meanes t tastes , the most malignant reaentmouta of the people Lat each cua nge of admiuia. tration incite the new rulers to carry the spirit of pro scription into every department of the public service, from the Minister at a great foreign court to the post master of some half-barb srous outpost—thus tending to render those whose functions ought to withdraw them the most completely from party influences the most unscru pulous partisans; and would make large masses welcome war and even acquiesce in ruin, if it sole-aced that they could thus counteract the antagonist tactics, humiliate the rival leader, or remotely influence the election of the next President. It is already painfully felt that as far as the universal choice of the people was relied on to secure for the highest office of the state the most commanding ability or the most signal merit, it may be pronounced to have failed. There may be less habitual and actual noise in Congress than in our own Parlia ment, but the time of the House of Representatives, not without cost to the constituent body which pays for their services, is continually taken np, when not engrossed by a speech of some days' duration, with wrangles upo❑ points of order and angry recrimina tions ; the language used in debate has occasionally sounded the lowest depths of coarse and virulent acri mony, as the floor of the Legislative-hail has actually been the scene of violent personal rencounter. Toe manners of the barely civiliz d West, where it has been known that counsel challenge judges on the bench, and members of the Legislature fire off rifles at the Speaker as he sits in the chair, would appear to be gra dually invading the very inner shrine of the constitu tion. Having done justice to the strictness and purity of morals which distinguish many of the more settled por tions of the continent, it cannot be concea:ei that the reckless notions and habits of the vagrant pioneers of the West, evinced as these are by the practices of gam bling, drinking, and licsntieusness, by an habitual dis regard of the Sabbath, and by more constant swearing than I ever heard anywhere else, fearfully disfigure that great valley of the Mississippi, destined inevitably, at no distant day, to be the preponderating section of the entire Union. It is at this day impossible to go into any society, especially of the older and more thoughtful men, some of whom may themselves have borne an eminent part in the earlier struggles and service of the commonwealth, without hearing the degeneracy of modern times, and the downward ten dency of all things, despondingly insisted upon. At the period of my visit, besides the numerous instances of individual bankruptcy and insolvency, not, alas ! peculiar to the new world, the doctrines of repudia tion, officially promulgated by sovereign states, had given an unpleasing confirmation to what is perhaps the prevailing tendency among retired politicians. I have reserved for the last topic of animadversion the crowning evil—the capital danger—the moral plague-spot — slavery. 1 have not disclaimed the original responsi bility of my own country in introducing and riveting it upon her dependencies; I do not disguise the portentous difficulties in the way of adequate remedy to the great and growing disease; but what I cannot shut my eyes on is, that while it lasts, it must still continue, in addi tion to the actual amount of suffering and wrong which it entails on the enslaved, to operate with terrible re ' action on the dominant class; to blunt the moral sense, to sap domestic virtue, to degrade independent industry, to check the onward march of enterprise, to sow the seeds of suspicion, alarm, and vengeance in both internal and external intercourse, to distract the national coun cils, to threaten the permanence of the Union, and to leave a brand, a bye-word, and a jest upon the name of freedom.—(Loud applause.) Having thus endea voured without consciousness of anything misstated or exaggerated, though of much that is wanting and incomplete on either side, to sum up the good and the bad, I leave my hearers to draw their own conclusions from the whole. There are large ma terials both for approval and attack—ample grounds both for hope and fear. Causes are occasionally at work which almost appear to portend a disruption of the Fe deral Union; at the same time a strong sentiment of pride about it, arising partly from an honest patriotism, partly from a feeling of complacency ir. its very size and extent, may tend indefinitely to postpone any such pregnant results; but whatever may be the solution of that question, whatever the issue of the future destinies assigned to the great American Republic, it is impos sible to have contemplated her extent, her resources, the race that has mainly peopled her, the institutions she has derived or originated, the liberty which has been their:life-blood, the industry which has been their off spring, and the free Gospel which has been published on her wide plains and wafted by her thousand streams, without nourishing the belief and the hope that it is reserved for her to do much, in the coming generations, for the good of man and the glory of God.—(The Noble Lord resumed his seat amidst loud and long-con tinued applause.) When the cheering had in some degree subsided, Mr. GOODMAN, Mayor of Leeds, came forward, and moved the following resolution:— "That the warmest thanks of this meeting be given to the Earl of Carlisle, not only for his two remarkable and highly instructive lectures, but especially for the empha tic intimation he has thus spontaneously and spiritedly given, that there is no social rank, nor official position, nor public eminence, however distinguished, that may not with honour to itself recognise amongst its duties the promotion of these admirable institutions for completing the education, and raising the moral and intellectual character of the people." Mr. BECKETT, M.P., seconded the motion, which was carried unanimously, amidst enthusiastic applause. The Noble Earl briefly acknowledged the compliment, and the meeting then separated. I[IER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. THE GRAND NATIONAL CONCERTS. THIS EVENING. The LAST WEEK BUT ONE of the present season. Mr. Howard Glover's Gran :1 Selection from " HERO and LEAN DER," for the second time, this evening. Grand selection from a MS. Opera, entitled" Hero and Leander,'' preceded by an Original Overture, composed expres•ly for these Con certs, by Mr. Howard Glover. The principal parts will be sustained by Mdlie. A uttri, 311,3 Poole, Mrs. Alexander Newton, Mr. Frank Bodda, and Mr. Sims Reeves, with a full English Chorus. Overture to William Tell - Rossini. • Grand Selectioh front Halevy's opera, La Tempesta—L. Negri. Lab , tzky's Quadrille of" All Nations." The Solos in " God Save the Queen," in the great Quadrille of All Nations, will be sung by Madile. Angri. The Military Bands, the Corps of Side Drums, and the English Choristers, Itossini's Stabat Mater will be produced To-morrow Evening. Musical Director, Composer, and Conductor—M. Balfe. Conductor of La Musique de Danse—Herr Labitzky. Promenade (admitting to the Half-Circles, Gallery? 1 6 and Pit Stalls) • • .. • • • • • - • • The Doors open at Half-past Seven, and the Concerts will com mence at Eight, and terminate about Eleven. Boxes and Stalls to he had at the Box-office, where Programmes of the performance n be obtained. Mr. Thomas Masto. s of the Polytechnic Institution, the Coloseum, and Royal Botanic and Zoological Gardens, will supply the Refresh ments and Wines, &c., &c. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brotnpton. THIS EVENING, Will be performed EVERY ONE HAS fIIS FAULT. Alter which A RADICAL CURE. To conclude with THE GREEN-EYED MONSTER. Krout, Mr. H. Bedford ; Amelia Rosenthal, Miss A. Vining, Luise, Miss P. Horton. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII. Under the direction of Madame Celeste, THIS EVENING, Will be performed a new and original Drama, entitled JESSIE GRAY. Characters by Messrs. Hughes, Boyce, 0. Smith, P. Bed ford, Madame Celeste, and Miss K. Fitzwilliam. After which a new Farce called THE SCHOOL FOR TIGERS ; or, The Shilling flop. Captain Kiteflyer, Mr. Boyce ; Major Stiff, Mr. Worrell; Mr. Panels, Mr. Wright; Alexander Panels, Miss Chaplin. To be followed by a new and original Farce, in the Vulgar Tongue, to be called JACK IN THE GREEN; or, Hints on Eti quette. ROYAL PRINCESS'S TIIEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. C. Keaa and Mr. Keeley. THIS EVENING, Will be performed an entirely new Play called THE TEMPLAR. Characters by Messrs. Ryder, Fisher, Belton, Addison, Vining, Cath cart, Everett, C. Kean ; and Mrs. C. Kean. After which BETSY BAKER; or, "Too Attentive by Half." Characters by Messrs. J. Vining, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, and Miss Murray. To conclude with TO PARENTS and GUARDIANS. Private Boxes, &c., to be had of all the Booksellers, and of Mr. Massingham ; of whom also places may be taken at the Boa-office, Oxford-street, from Eleven till Four o'clock. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestris. Sole Lessee, Mr. Charles Mathews. THIS EVENING, Will be performed SIMPSO' AND CO. To be followed by A DAY Dr RECKONING. After which THE RINGDOVES. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. THIS EVENING, Will be performed THE HUNCHBACK. After which SPEED THE PLOUGH. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Ratty. Last week of the gorgeous Spectacle. _ _ Extraordinary series of attractive lovelties. Second week of the Revival of TURPIN'S RIDE to YORK. THIS EVENING, The Grand new Spectacle of THE ENCHANTED PALFREY ; or, The Warrior of the Crescent. _ . . Together with Batty 's Splendid Scenes of the Circle, introducing the Magnificeat Stud and Company of unequalled Artistes. The whole concluding with the Equestrian Drama (for the first time these five years) of TURPIN'S RIDE to YORK. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. T. Thompson. CROSSING CITY THOROUGHFARES. A correspon dent suggests that a lighted subway with shops (which would soon pay expenses), should be formed under the street cross ing from Fleet-street to Ludgate-street, and another from Bridge• street to Farringdon-street, as the thoroughfare there is really frightful and dangerous. A previous correspondent suggested the formation of light foot-bridges above the streets for such thoroughfares. Both of these plans have before been discussed in our columns. Enormous as is the traffic in omnibuses and cabs, waggons and bullocks, along Fleet-street, at certain hours, it is even more so along King William-street and London-bridge. There, too, the street is considerably wider, without even a halting-place in the middle, where it begins to be at the worst, near the Monu• ment : there any tedious attempt to cross at particular hours is, indeed, most dangerous and fearful. The obviation of risk to the foot passengers in crossing such thoroughfares, in whatever way effected, would be a most useful work, and is every day becoming more urgently necessary. Could not something iv; done before the hubbub of next year takes place? Perhaps no improvement whatever will be more es sential than this. We hope that the projected alteration of London-bridge itself, for behoof of foot passengers, to which we have already called attention, is not being lost sight of. SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION IN A Cow.—An In verness paper says that last week one of the small tenants at Embo, county of Sutherland, having a cow swollen with over eating of turnips, Mr. Colin Munro, manager, probed the animal, and as he performed the operation the farmer's wife stood over him with a lighted.candle. The heated air or gas from the cow took fire at the candle, and blazed up, to the no small astonishment of the parties. It was with difficulty extinguished, without doing material injury. LEGAL APPOINTMENT.--The office of Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas, Dublin, vacated by the resig nation of the Hon. Mr. Plunket (son of Lord Plunket), has, it is said, been conferred on Mr. Sausse, Q.C., and Crown prosecutor on the Leinster Circuit. The emoluments are 1,000/. a year. U & r. uses is a Roman Catholic. MR. DT.S.IINELFS CHARLES I. • Just ready, comWete in 2 vols. Svo., 28s. bound, THE LIFE AND REIGN OF CIIA R L S TILE FIRST, KING OF E:IGLAND. By J. DISRAELI. A New and Revised Edition, Edited, with a Preface, By B. DISRAELI, M.P. Henry Colburn, Publblier, 13, Great .Thirlborough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. CAPTAIN CRAWFORD'S REMINISCENCES. Just ready, in 2 vols. post Svo., with Portraits of Admirals Sir Ed ward Owen and Sir B Hallowell Carew, price 21s. hound, R EMINISCENCES of a NAVAL OFFICER, WITH SKETCHES AND ANECDOTES OF CELEBRATED COMMANDERS. By CAPTAIN A. CRAWFORD, R.N. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., post Bvo., SI L W A NOVEL. 0 0 D. " The author, we are convinced, is young, otherwise we could hardly see displayed such fresh and enthusiastic sympathy in be half of his heroes and heroines. He is a writer of genius, inspired by a high standard of morality and religion, ang by a laudable love cf the purest sort of fame. We gather this from the glowing lan guage in which he expresses his feelings, sentiments, and opinions on the subjects just mentioned. There are several chapters, in which links of the story are dropped, containing most eloquent essays matters that are the prima mobilia of the actions which cha racterise nature's nobility. The writer evidently belongs, though he has marked per se peculiarities, to the school of the Dis:Aelis, Man nerses, and Smythes."—Observer. "' Silwood' is no ordinary work ; it contains passages of exceed ing beauty, and is written in pure and forcible language, with great good taste and power. It is one of the most interesting and en gaerg rovels which the present season has ',minced. Of the cha racter of Amelia Itoss we have already spoken, and the extract we have given above is the surest voucher of the truth of what we have said. The other ladies who play conspicuons parts in the tale are Florence Howard, an intellectual beauty; Jessie Gordon, a wild and impulsive genius, passionately fond of music and poetry; and Julia Maitland, the noblest and best of them all."—Morning Post. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. Elegant Present. Will be ready shortly, price 7s. 6d. GOLD: a Legendary Rhyme. By ALFRED CROWQUILL. Illustrated with Twelve Outline En gravings, large oblong 4t0., handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges. London : J. and D. A. Darling, 126, Bishopagate-street. Post Bvo., 7s. 6(1., SHIPWRECKS of the ROYAL NAVY, be tween 1793 and 1849. Compiled principally from Official Do cuments in the Admiralty. By WILLIAM O. S. GILLY. With a Preface by WILLIAM SEEPHEN GILLY, D.D., Vicar of Norham, and Canon of Durham. London : John W. Parker, West Strand, OYER'S GASTRONOMIC REGENERATOR, The Seventh Edition of this masterly Work on Cookery is now publishing, price 1/. Is. To be had of all booksellers. For general opinion, see the whole of the public press, not forgetting the Frontis piece of" Punch's Pocket-book" for 1551. Published by Simpkin and Marshall, Stationers' Hall-court, Lud gate-hill, London. R OYAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY of ENGLAND. The GENERAL MEETING of the Society will be held on SA- TuaDAY, the 14th of December, at Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon. By order of the Council, JAMES HUDSON, Secretary. London, November 6, 1850. HIGH WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE Tins DAY —Morning 4.5 min. after 5 I Evening 7 min. after 6 To.sformol—Morning 30 min. after 6 I Evening 52 ann. after 6 TIIE WEATHER.—SuN OFFICE, DECEMBER 10. THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 47—highest since noon yesterday. 29—lowest this morning and during the night. 33—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, 30.29. WIND S.E.— dull, foggy weather. DAILY WEATHER TABLE. State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following places at Nine o'clock yesterday ,morning. -The stations are arranged in order of latitude. PLymourti-Wind E., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. Po RTSMOUTH-Wind N.E., gentle breeze-foggy. BRIGHTON-Wind N.E., gentle breeze-overcast. HASTINGS-Wind N.E., gentle breeze-overcast. SOUTHAMPTON-Wind N., strong breeze-foggy. FoLKEsTetNE-Wind N.E., gentle breeze-overcast. TUNBRIDGE-Wind S.E., gentle breeze-foggy. BASINGSTOKE- Wind E., gentle breeze-foggy. GREEN ‘N ICH-Calm-foggy. SWINDON-Wind S.E., light airs-frosty. OXFORD-Wind S.E., calm-foggy. LEIGHTON-Wind E., gentle breeze-overca'st. COLCHESTER-Wind S.E., gentle breeze-foggy. CAMBRIDGE - Calm - foggy. RUGBY- Wind E., gentle breeze-cloudless. BIRMINGHAM -Wind S.E., gentle breeze- foggy. PETERBOROUGH-Wind S.W., calm-foggy. YARMOUTH-Wind S.W., calm-foggy. LlvEnrooL-Wind S.E., MANCHESTER-Calm-dense fog. LANCASTER-Wind S.W., calm-principally clear. WIIITBY-Wind S.W., gentle breeze-cloudless. SUNDERLAND - Wind W., gentle breeze-foggy. BErnocx-Wind N.W., gentle breeze- cloudless. BERWICK-Wind W.-gentle breeze- cloudless. EDINBURGH - Wind N.. calm-cloudless. The returns from the following places indicate the state of the wind and weather on Saturday morning at nine o'clock :- CARLOW-Wind S.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. KINGSTOWN (DUBLIN)—Wind SW., calm-overcast. DUNDALK--Wind S., gentle breeze-clear. POOLE—Wind E., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. LEIGHTON - Wind S.E., gentle breeze-overcast. RUGBY—Wind S , gentle breeze-overcast. PEVERBOROUGII-WindS.W., calm-foggy. CRawz-Wind S., light breeze-foggy. CONwAy—Wind S. S.W., gentle breeze-cloudless. I.l.ot.y.nEAD-Calm -foggy. LtvEuroor.-Wind S.E., gentle breeze-cloudy. MANCHESTER—Wind S., gentle breeze— overcast. Limps - Wind S.W., calm-foggy. \Vim:By-Wind S W., gentle breeze-cloudless. DARLINGTON—Wind S., gentle breeze - frost. SHAP—Wind E., calm--overcast. WHITEHAVEN- Wind E., gentle breeze- cloudless. SUNDERLAND—Wind S.W., gentle breeze-partially cloudy. CARLISLE—Wind S. E., gentle breeze-cloudless. 13EArrocri- Wind N. NV., gentle breeze-cloudless. EDINBURGH— Wind N W., calm - foggy. 7Z, V 1 t - P; - , - Zu...1.--* ) I ,` S r „, „I '•,,,,*. et ii:- ,----.° "` 4 ~.,., " . I.P ,, .ii t clLell• • - •.t i- . - -- , J --- ;:‘' , ..,--- % \ , ..,:i4. , ,. , , , •;" Ch . l'ra, :`. - ik:' , ": ' l7 4 ' llll'; ?:':'''Y'gz i l r s ,, ,., I\-- li,4L - :_t, ,, 27' • . 4....211-: 1 ~ _.1r1;, ; ,._4,-..41i k el __2l/11_,..„,,, ~,,,,_ r• —,X••=r - ,_. ..A,..d '' , 4 ;,....... ' 'i: ``%..:.: dflL LONDON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1850. Popular education is much talked about by poli ticians—the Earl of CARLISLE has given practical testimonies of his solicitude to aid in forwarding its development. His lectures in the Leeds Mechanics , Institute go further in proclaiming the advantages of diffusing knowledge throughout the community than the most able speech on the subject of general in struction ever delivered within the walls of Parlia ment. One of these brilliant prelections we have already particularised as having been directed to the disclosure of the now somewhat obscured and for gotten beauties of POPE. Another, relating to the aspect of the United States and Canada, as they ap peared when visited by the Noble Earl in 1841.2, we would here briefly, though inadequately, comme morate. In this admirable lecture Lord CARLISLE presents to the imagination a series of pictures, sketched with a rapid pencil but a master hand, in which may be recognised a panoramic view of the condition of society in the North American Continent. Impres sions of a country like the United States, coming from an observer as liberal ancrintelligent as the Earl of CARLISLE, must surely exercise even over the most in different a deep and earnest fascination. For the landscapes of the western republic the illustrious traveller had the appreciative faculties of a poet and a painter ; for her swarming population and extend ing cities he cherished the interest experienced only by the philanthropist ; for her men of genius he had capabilities of estimation flowing out of the fulness of an eclectic and cultivated intellect; for her institu tions, political, social, and religious, he had the judg ment of a legislator and a statesman. Consequently it was with consummate skill that the diff eren t su bj ects suggested by the theme of his discourse were touched upon and illustrated. Witnesa this, the adroitness of his portraitures of those distinguished Americans with whom his Lord ship came in contact during the course of his pere grinations. Mr. Quiswr ADAMS, once the President of the Republic, seems to him like " a fine old gam e cock" when, in his seventy-fifth year, he sees him standing erect on the floor of Congress, shrieking out in behalf of the right of petition against slavery. Mr. HENRY CLAY wins his regard by the intonations of his melodious voice, insomuch that he pronounces him to be a man " easy, simple, and genial, with great natural dignity." He beholds also in the "jutting brows, and cavernous eyes, and massive forehead" of Mr. DANIEL WEBSTER the evidences of a great and comprehensive intellect. Mr. CALHOUN is applauded for " his ability, his honesty," aye and even his very "impracticability," and Mr. TYLER himself commended as "a simple unaffected person." Mr. VAN BUREN he finds interesting and anecdotal. Chancellor KENT he regards at seventy-eight as " full of animation and racy vigour, combined with a very great simplicity." WASHINGTON IRVING ap pears to him "as gentle and genial as his works," the highest encomium he could pronounce. Mr. Justice STOREY he looks upon as " a profound commentator and expounder of law, but as one of the moat generous end single. minded of men." Dr. CLIAN liING, though marred by the aspect of his " fragile frame," and by the influence of his " dry manner," impressed his mind so strongly that he felt himself " in a presence in which nothing that was iTpure, b.^-se, or selfish ; could breathe at ease." Besides these, Lord CARLISLE has a ward of kindly recognition for Mr. BR.YANT, the well-known p.:et, for Mr. LONG. , FELLOW, a writer more entitled to the epithet of bard, for Mr. BANCROFT, the historian of his country, for Mr. TICKNOR, the ablest of the critics on Spanish authorities, for Mr. EMERSON, the distinguished lec turer and essayist, and " last not least " for Mr. PRES.. COTT, the celebrated annalist, one of the brightest names in the whole range of American literature. Glancing at the various towns and cities scattered over the newly-peopled continent, Lord CARLISLE sketches the principal amongst them in colours at once vivid and natural. New York he regards "as some thing of a fusion between Paris and Liverpool." Every one there seems to him " to be eating oysters all day long." Washington, called by somebody else " a city of magnificent distances," he describes as look ing like a spot where " it had rained houses at ran dom, or like half a dczon indifferent villages scattered over a goose common." Boston is an especial object of his admiration, and Philadelphia a wonderful place —where the streets, built at right angles with each other, bear the names of the different trees of the country, where the houses of red brick are adorned with marble door-steps and silver knockers—looking like a city built by Quakers, it is true, but by " Quakers who have become rather dandified." Aided by these brilliant and animated word-pic tures, we are enabled to follow the Noble Lecturer throughout the whole of his prolonged and delightful tour, now in the rice -fields, now in the sugar or coffee plantations, now in the senate-house, now in the prairie, now on the Canadian lakes, now in the back forests during the days of autumn, when the gor geous colouring of the foliage is as bright as the dyes of a prism and as varied as those of a chamelion, a dying dolphin, or the plumage of a peacock. An enthusiast in the majesty of Nature, such as the Earl of CARLISLE is, by this time, gene rally known to be, could scarcely be expected to slur over a topic like the Falls of Niagara without some effort, however incidental, at description and pane gyric. One observation made by him on this some what hackneyed but altogether inexhaustible theme, is too excellent of its kind to be passed by without espe cial consideration. It is where, alluding to the remark that the cataract is not considered to be picturesque, he exclaims, " When on the spot you would no more think of complaining that Niagara was not pic turesque, than you would remark in the shock and clang of battle that a trumpet sounded out of tune." Again it is nobly said by the Earl, when pursuing the same thread of ideas, " Living at Niagara was not like ordinary life; it's not over loud but constant, solemn roar has, in itself a mysterious sound : is not the highest Voice to which the Universe can ever listen compared by inspiration to the sound of many waters?" Seeing that the Noble Lecturer neglected in this portion of his discourse to quote the bold and beautiful verses written by himself to that great wonder of creation, it may not be uninteresting to revive them here ourselves, coupled with these prose tributes of awe and astonish ment. The following, therefore, was the strain in which that nobleman, when Lord MORPETH, ejacu lated his homage to Niagara— " There's nothing great or bright, thou glorious Fall! Thou mayst not to the fancy's sense recall— The thunder-riven cloud, the lightning's leap, The stirring of the chambers of the deep, Earth's emerald green and many tinted dyes, The fleecy whiteness of the upper skies, The tread of armies thickening as they come, The boom of cannon end the beat of drum, The brow of beauty and the form of grace, The passion and the prowess of our race, The song of Homer in its loftiest hour, The unresisted sweep of Roman power, Britannia's trident on the azure sea, America's young shout of liberty ! Oh! may the wars that madden in thy deeps There spend their rage, nor climb the encircling steeps, And till the conflict of thy surges cease The nations on thy banks repose in peace.' Quaint as well as beautiful delineations are crowded by Lord CARLISLE into his account of America, as where, speaking of the Cuban carriages, he says, " they were called volantes, and looked as if they were intended to carry Don QUIXOTE." A multitude of interesting particulars are likewise squandered through the lectures—particulars such as the mention of the tomb of WASHINGTON above the noble Potomac, where are preserved the keys of the Bastille, sent to the Founder of American Republi canism by General LAFAYETTE, and the sword sent to him by the GREAT FREDERICK with this message, " From the oldest General of the age to the best," as the accompanying compliment. Whatever is repulsive in the United States' society the Earl of CARLISLE very suggestively and senten tiously attributes to—tobacco. Generally speaking he appears to commend the aspect and bearing of the population. Compared with our own, he considers their frames to be less robust and healthy ; but if physically deficient in one respect, they are unques tionably superior to us in =many others, moral and socially. Hear, for instance, that emphatic sentence pronounced by the Noble Lecturer, when he observes:— " It is something to have travelled nearly over the whole extent of the Union without having encountered R single specimen either of servility or of incivility." Commenting, also, upon their capabilities of religious improvement, he remarks, with an air of delight, that amongst them is visible the truest and the largest toleration. This occurs, moreover, without the citizens having pledged themselves to the adoption of the voluntary system entirely—the Earl observing upon this enlightened freedom—" There certainly is a breadth and universality of religious liberty which I do not regard without some degree of envy Various other topics are expatiated on with consum mate skill, and sometimes with incomparable earnestness, as where allusion is made to slavery— that diabolical system of slavery which, in the United States, is " a brand, a bye-word, and a jest upon the name of freedom," but further refer ence to these particular passages would be super fluous, seeing that all alike may read the detailed report of the lecture itself precisely as it fell from the lips of the lecturer. To him the country will not fail to look with increasing regard and admiration, now that to the fame of a lettered and liberal patrician he adds the glory of a true and practical friend of general education. The trial of the Abbe dOTHLAND and of Madame De SABLON, for the alleged murder of the aged do mestic of the male prisoner, has been brought to a conclusion. After a protracted investigation, con tinued during many successive days, the jury returned a verdict of " Guilty, with extenuating circumstances," against the abbe, and acquitted the female of any participation in the offence. The con victed party was then sentenced to expiate the enor mous atrocity of which he had been con victed by hard labour in the galleys for life. The extraordinary and revolting circumstances attending the entire transaction, the intense interest excited in the public mind respecting every portion of the case, has led to the production of a more copious and detailed report of the proceedings than is usually given of criminal trials in other countries. We are, therefore, enabled to compare the practice and proceedure with what it would have been in England, under similar circumstances; and we are convinced that the most ardent and enthusiastic advocate for legal reform will freely admit that so far as the administration of the criminal law is concerned, we are immeasura bly before our continental neighbours ; that there is greater fair play shown to the accused, and conse quently less danger of the unmerited punishment of an innocent person, while there is at the same time a dignity and impartiality more becoming the solem. nity of the occasion, which is never suffered to assume that dramatic appearance which is so percep tible in trials before the French tribunals. We do not find that searching cross-ex amination of the accused, that - earnest desire to convict him out of his own mouth, to detect and expose his inaccura , ..ies and inconsistencies, to browbeat and bully the person whose life is involved in the issue, which is calculated to prejudice the stupid innocent man, and to serve the clever scoun drel—to lead to the undue conviction of the former and tho undeserved acquittal of the latter, while it deprives tht bench of that appearance of im partiality which is so essential. The sole ob ject of the presiding judge seems to be the conviction of the prisoner by any means, par faa aut nefils. • I . place of holding the scales of justice with an even' hand, and accurately weighing the various circumstances for and against, favourable and unfavnurah!e, and giving the accused the benefit of any reasonable doubt, he is made, to act the part of the tre•st strenuous and enthusiastic advocate for the pre.:-entiUn. His words and opinions, therefore, do rot pos sess that weight and influence that would otherwise attach to them. Unseemly theatrical tableaux, are got up for the purpose of interesting the juries in favour of the accused, and counteracting the judge's charge : whole families accompany the prisoner to the tribunal, as if the innocent were on trial along with the guilty, that the sympathy excited in favour of the one may be extended to the other, while advocates, forgetting their true character and position, fling themselves into the arms of their clients, embracing and caressing the most atrocious criminals, and address them in terms of the most ridiculous and almost blasphemous adulation. We shall not now allude to the facts and circum stances of this most atrocious case. They have already appeared in extenso in our columns, and the duty was sufficiently painful and disgusting, without unnecessarily recalling the horrible par ticulars. But we must express our astonishment how any body of men coulc:. discover " extenuating cir cumstances" in the conduct of the Abbe GOTIILAND• lie was either innocent or guilty. If inno cent he should have been dismissed free and scatheless, without censure or punishment; but if guilty the majesty of the law should have been fully vindicated, and its extreme penalty carried into execution upon one of the most atrocious miscreants ever called upon to answer for his crimes before an earthly tribunal. His offence was the highest known to the law, and effected by ' the most infamous means. It was wilful, deliberate, and cold-blooded murder, secretly planned, while his victim was living under his own roof; with his own hands he drugged the poisoned chalice, and with words of kindness and charity on his lips, and a sympathising and benevolent smile on his countenance, delivered the fatal cup that was to consign the aged woman to a lingering and painful death. And what was the " ex tenuating circumstance" that should mitigate the penalty justly attached to his outrage against the laws divine and human ? That he, an ordained minister of the Gospel, had violated the solemn oath of chastity which he had taken—that he was an adulterer as well as a murderer—a base and treacherous poisoner. As to the alleged companion in his guilt, we shall not interfere with the verdict, the merciful verdict, of the jury. She has been exonerated from all participation in the crime. Let her receive the full benefit of the decision. Her feelings cannot, even under the most favourable , circumstances, be very enviable. To a person of any degree of sensibility the exposure that has taken place—the ripping up of the most secret transactions , of her life, and the position in which she has been , placed—must have entailed sufferings of no ordinary magnitude. We must, however, protest against the assumption that the double crime of suicide and , murder, from which she was barely rescued, should be regarded as a demonstration of her innocence, and as arising from the natural ebullitions of a sensitive and honourable mind when suffering under the pres sure of unmerited suspicion and false accusation. It is scarcely necessary to allude to the admis sion of necessary evidence, and the bringing up the fellow-prisoners of the miserable man on trial to detail the gossip of the gaol, and the trifling conversations and demeanour of the accused during his detention. They must be condemned by all right-minded men, who, so far as the criminal code of England is concerned, will join us in ex claiming with the Barons of Runnymede, "Nolumus lege: Anglice mutari." THE FRENCH REPUBLIC We have received the Paris journals of yesterday. The Journal des D;bats, which on all natters re lating to the funds may be considered as a high au thority, has the following on the decree authorizing the sale of two millions additional of Rentes " The announcement of this adjudication appears to have caused some surprise in the financial world ; it appears to us. however, that it was a thing which they rather ought to have expected. On opening the general discussion of the Budget, on the 18th July last, the Minister of Finance positively declared that he should nk,t wait for the end of the year to make use of the power of selling granted to him by the law of 18th May. The funds in question, moreover, stood foremost in the number of resources of which, in set ting forth the financial plan of 1850, he recknoned cn availing himself, in order to keep the floating debt within its just limits. The different Bills for supple mentary c edits recently voted, particularly that rela tive to the levy of 40,000 men, must have warned attentive speculators that there limits would be reached, if not exceeded. The Minister declares that it is the opening of these several credits which has decided him to proceed to the adjudication, and his motive is evi dently just. There are two other causes which might naturally influence him—the price of rente and the se curity of offers of stock. He was right to avail himself of so many opportune circumstances." It would seem from the tenor of the following, which appears in the Constitutionnel, as if the Bons parti,ts were becoming aware that their only chance of retaining power was by maintaining a republic, and that they now aimed, not so much at destroying as at corrupting republican institutions, so as to bend them to their own purposes. To parody the words of LA FAYETTE" they would fain make of the Republic the best of Empires." The article is curious, as showing the present tactics of the Bonapartists. It purports to be a criticism on M. GuizoT's recently published works on MoNK and WASHINGTON. The article con cludes as follows : We have only hitherto had two kinds of Republicans in France—those of 1793, wh o were d emagogu es, rational ists, insurrectionists, persecutors, and atheists; and those of 1848, who are socialists and communists. The republic of the one is as impossible and as in tolerable as th...t of the other. With such doctrines the foundation destroys the form. Doubtless a republic of Christians, of honest men, fathers of families, moral and industrious citizens, men, in short, who found their liberty on the respect due from one to the other, and who see in the law the common rule of order, peace, end civilizi,tion—such a republic may be established, may endure, and produce great na tions. The United States is au example; but, so long as immoral, sanguinary, spoiliatory, and senseless utopian schemes are connected with the Republican forms of Government, it will naturally alarm the world. Such is, therefore, the opinion which the history of our country gives us on the great and difficult problem pointed out, by the publication of M. Guizot." The Bourse was animated, and Govenment Stock, which was offered at the commencement of business, rose considerably at the close. The Five per Cents. opened at 93f. 60c., fell to 931. 55c., and rose subsequently to 94f. 30c., at which price they closed ; the Three per Cents. closed at 56f. 70c. ; Orleans Railroad Shares, 811 f. 25c. ; Rouen, 6101. ; Havre, 242 f. 50c.; Great Northern, 462 f. 50c. ; Avignon, 1871. 50c. ; Vierzon, 385 f. ; Bourdeaux, 3831. 75c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 3411. 25c.; Tours and Nantes, 242 f. 50c. BUSINESS )NE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DEC. 9. • Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), lb 4—Great Indian Peninsula, 1% —Luxembourg, 2—Namur and Liege, 7 1 4—Northern of France 14 1 ,4—Paris and Strasburg, 8% Rouen and Havre, 9Y/i. SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 4th have arrived. The Spanish Senate was occupied on the 3d and 4th in discussing a proposition of General Ros DE OLANO and others, to the effect that the Go vernment should not be allowed to prevent mili tary senators, in non-active service, from remain ing at Madrid. General NARVAEZ and the Miniater of War opposed the motion, and it was even ti ally r jected. No explanations were given in the Sei..Le respecting the recent Ministerial crisis; the Chamber of Deputies did not meet on the 4th, and would not, it was believed, re-assemble before Satur day. Fears were entertained that the crisis was not yet at an end. M. MoN was expected to return to Madrid without delay, and his presence would, it was said, strengthen the position of the Cabinet. Mamma BoLsa, PEc. 4.—Of late the prices of the Funds received by telegraph from Paris have helped to depress prices here. To-day a telegraphic dispatch speaks of a considerable rise at Paris on the 30th ult., and this has assisted in promoting the reaction against the late fall, which has been as rapid as the fall itself. The Three per Cents. were done to-day at 341 to I, and were a buyers, 7-16 sellers affer the close ; Five per Cents., with current coupon, 121 buyers, j sellers ; Coupons, 7to7i ; Passive Debt, 3i to 4. Exchange on London, 60 35. GERMAN Y. Accounts have been received from Berlin to the 7th inst. The Prussian official jourmil publishes the follow ing note, addressed by the KING to Baron LADEN BETA :^ " PoTBDUI, DEC. 4. ‘6,34 0 0 1 as I regr.A to sec' ypu tPtir ! -) fr(ifn nay Ctbi - ) ne t, vet 'I will not refuse ypuriepee.ecl aulieaci t 9) be ,} e ast s o from your o ye, 4p.(1 41. 47 u ap,: tiofi , reis ,, y 1 ,4 ask immediately T have. giveu thy if 44-. b i vn as to the appointment of „your ,pueqeB;orr, Till then I expect that you will continue to discharge non-pAitical dt!t 3 es of your ttice. From the duties of Pre3iclent of the ~vhich were temporarily entru:it2:l , o you, I will forthwith reli9vo you. awl have already apprif.,(l the CJii ctiv Gibinet of my intention. " Fru-am-tic WILLIA3I„ " VON 111ANTEUFFEL. Another shorter order tranirers the ad interim Presidency of the Ministry again to M. VON MAN" TEUFFEL. The Dresden conferences are to commence on the 18th. Austria will be represented by the U nde Secretary WERNER, and Prussia by Baron ALvEn° SLEBEN. Part of the Prussian troops were still at Cassel. The Federal troops had advanced on the 7 th to IN lea deraula. TURKEY. We have received Constantinople journals to the 24th ult. The Journal de Constantinople confirms th e telligence which we gave a few days ago of the pacification of Bosnia by Oruss PACI"'„ MEHEMET FAUNA, the new Governor-General ot Aleppo, left Constantinople on the 17th for his post. Additional troops were sent to Aleppo on the same day. The latest intelligence from this latter place is, that after the defeat of the rebe ls b y KERIM PACEIA, they attempted to attack AlepPo again on the following day, their numbers h aving been recruited during the night by soma bands of Arabs. Thi s sec ond attack, how ever, was not more successful than the first, as the insurgents wer e a secon d t i me en tirely defeated , leav i ing about ab ou t a h un d re d prisoners in the bands °f the Imperial tr oo p s . A BDULLA B E Y, whose duplicity since the commencement of the late troubles had at tracted the attention of the Government, has bee n arrested. The sam e j ourna l s t a tes that difficulties arisen bet ween th e • G o vernor of S iliv r a and a British subject, th e S u blime Porte has di patched a member of th e C ounc il of Police, sod CHRISSOS, one of the interpreters of the Porte , to the town, to inquire into the c i rcums t ance s of the case. Mr. SIMONS, dragoman to the British Embas s y , has accompanied them. Late advices from Beyr ou t anno unce the loss °f N three English vessels at J a ff a on the llth of °0; 'ember—the brig S un d r yp orr y, ANGEL, master,fir°oo London ; the brig C our i er , B ALDRY . Liverpool; and the sch ooner A gnes , s, 11185 t from London. Live s a ll save d. master, r et, Wilm GREECE. Athens journals of the 28th have arrived. that the We learn from the Ob serva t eur d' Athens a it , Senate assembled on th e 21 s t u lt., an d comm," h ce m ber labours by some prelimin a ry b us i ness . The 'l — the held its first r egu l ar s itti ng on th e 25th unu er ,h e presidency of M. M ETAXA , th e sen i o r membe r ; b 6 O • verification of powers and the formation of th e reaux occupied the whole sittting. QUEEN'S BENCH.—(THIS 1 " : "ed Lord Campbell and a sp e ci a l j ur y were occu st v. throughout the morni ng i n t r yi ng th e cas e of Al mr Hatch, which was an i ssue f rom th e C our t of Cha p to ascertain the interpretation to be put upon a n f lg r the ment made between the plaintiff and defenclant, - %0- purchase of the White Hor se public-houie , -c ri "to street, Holborn. Th e c ase was w h o lly uninterestiog any but the parties immediately concerned. MANSION-HOUSE.—(THIS PA A lr k i ) r- Richard Gardiner was brought up before gr. man Gibbs on a charge of embezzliag various s". O . amounting in all to 2001., from his employers , At s- af Beaumaine, Thompson, and Powell, ship-brok ers of Trinity-square. Mr. Liumphre) s attended on bell the prosecutors. It appeared from the evidence 01•11.(1, Thompson, one of the partners, that the prisoner 5 - e ir been several years in their, employ but had l eN c ry service for some month". Since he had left sever s ' h i l c h crepancies had been discovered in the accounts, woo had led to further inquiries, and there was reasork! ° dir that defalcations to a very heavy amount would be covered. Those which had already been amounted to 200 L discolor The prisoner was remanded for a week. MARIBRO'-STREET.--(THIS 11— ilia pis CAUTION TO THE BENEVOLENT.—Thomas r i 7 n i o g was placed before Mr. Bingha m , c ha rge d with obt si ii by several small sums of money from various O.:lciest° false and fraudulent pretences. Mr. James Revell, oilman, 272, Oxford-street, stbsteaop, that on Saturday last the pri s on e r ca me into his t i/ d of and produced a paper, with w hich h e sa id Mr. l3 r2„ - e etst Tavistock-street, had sent him, with his corn o sd and a request that he would read it. Witaees el: g ee the paper, and . found it to be a petition, of *h i° following is a copy:— a to "B. Smith, oilman, &c., 107 Fleet-street, begs I t o wse vi recommend the petition f William Lawrence, " e pecir employed by me till an unforeseen accident baPP bo t it by which his spine was injured in such a manner i i noW will disable him from work for the f u tu re , and 11 ,, e ; et it in the hospital. I have had this dra w n out 50-e trill s round to a few gentlemen in hopes of raising 1100 fur the poor family of five children, who s te into the greatest distress through 'he accident.", o f th e This petition was alleged to be signed by 1 °3 0 ; 2 1 . leading men in the trade. for sums varying 'fs'etale 2s. 6d., and vs itness, believing the pris° ll „„t hi! to be true, gave him 2s. 6J , - s od la" nacre to the petition for that amount, and be t ," h - e Pr the shop. Witness had since ascertained tha t soner's statement was false. aie Mr. James Tillyer, oilman, 321, O x f or d-street' s 5 1) ' Yesterday afternoon, about four o'clock, the p oe t. Posl tered his shop, and handing him the petition VI w ile by last witness, said " Mr. Revell presents his v p c ' t ly be meats anal wishes you to read it.." Witness, don, f ad • looked at it, told the prisoner he knew Mr. S 1131- Tn 6, well, and the petition was not in his handwriting.. w ire ' prisoner said it was, and that all the signatureal authentic. Witn e s e th en sen t f or a cons table, ea u him in charge. i coy • Rubards, 307 A, said he to o k the prisoner n. tody, and on the way t o th e s t at i on h e (p r i s oner) ssia be was sent by Mr. Smith with the pap 6 er. Witnes s 00 0 quently went to M r . S m i t h' s , and that gentleman ner, he knew nothing about either the prisoner or the Pa'" 0 and that his name which was attached thereto w forgery. ge es . sorry prisoner, in reply to the charge, said he Was, e ies . sorry but he was out of work, and distress induee a to write the paper himself, and that the names; W few exceptions, were forgeries. , Mr. BINGHAM committed the prisoner for threemon with hard labour. SINGULAR APPLICATION.—A gentleman who did lit. give his name applied to Mr. Bingham for advice une the following circumstances:— The applicant stated that this morning, hearing t i r t : • there was to be a lecture delivered at the Icv . alg,,ie chapel in Newman-street, he went there and tool' ;0: seat in the gallery. Directly service commenced, l l 0 1k.4 astonished to observe that it was conducted Wit o t the forms of Popish worship—the priests, w i ti attendants being attired in precisely 1° 1 robes as those worn by the Catholic el` 0 Applicant bad not been seated many minutes Wh en ii,9 l 4 of the attendants came up and asked him if be member of the chapel, and on his replying in Live be was requested to leave the chapel. Ibis dined to do, on the grounds that it was a public P''; he ee , worship, and as such he had as much right to be'' s bee' as any other person. A young man in a surElln e roi tt came, and laying his hand on applicant's arm In tl „cl, A that if he did not leave at once force would be left' eject him. Rather than disturb the congregation kne,as, the place at once. Applicant now wished O a dc eire - '; whether they were justified in acting as they h ad and what he had better do ant) the matter. Mr. Biteesram (to applic—l really ho rse- 7i Ya ti ' the negtif diction in the matter. An attorney is the per& ought to apply to. If I was to attend to all suc h 3 1 , P e r et• cations as this I should have enough to do, an d ne eso l l torneys have less. It you c a n prove that the belonging to the chapel committ e d a trespass n t f o rclY ° 7 their hands upon you, th e C oun ty Courts at a speedy remedy. t th e _ski The applicant, who appeared astonished th i n hi , gistrate had no jurisdiction in th e case, boWen' and left the court. the as Viscount Ponsonby, we hear, has resiK a „ e , tO s,t e se bassy at Vienna, and Mr. Magenis will cont' l ripts I t ta Chargé d'Affaires until the arrival of his Lor, ds .;" env— sor. The Noble Lord and Lady Pousonby ""' e Belgrave-street for the winter. tiA t f It was stated yesterday, in Lincoln's-iv l / 40 0 11 :1 to R. M. Rolfe, the Vice-Ch ance ll or , i s t o have th s . - , i tesid" d peerage. The Learned Judge's elevation is net. affect his judicial position f or the p resen t, but it iff wit hin o ve to be a preliminary step in those arrangemenl i s . f ible b , to the hearing of appeals in the House of Lorus v iottov t been long in contemplation. Rumour had Pr a e sre, rl : the signed the same honour to Baron Parke; and w " 0 111 %, ( 1di' this moment in a condition to say whether th e 1 , att. - o p. Learned Vice-Chancella to the House of Lor( 1 • 1 to be ho c t e tion to, or a substitution for, the honour precOr;ber o r r ef; ferred on the Learned Baron. The addition ef giTa 5 to the appelate tribunal in the House of Lords Wl' .t satisfaction to the profession.— Chroxiole. to o tin UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW.—We C 1 , 1)° :el the decision regarding the suspended Lord Recta ll to be made until near the meeting of Parliament' r 0 fr be Mure, with whom the matter now rests, will net ac hes. Italy until the commencement of the session aPl'r iv, ht i decision must be given by Col..nel Mure persona can be no doubt that it will be favour of Sher i°. . SOi °ll ' Glasgow D a ily M a il. , ge UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON.- - A t fitlg7 l o'; • on Saturd a y l as t, the Council appointed Mr.J. f:• 0 s„.b,. of the Northe rn Ci rcu it, P ro fessor of English Law_h Clo d cessor to the late Mr. Marshman; and Arthur ligilf o r ch . : l ;r M.A., late fellow and tutor of' Oriel Colle , g B l l:o : eb„s p e r r o v l 3 7 6 : o . now principal of University Hall, London, it" , t _ d ship of Luglish Language and Literature, v acat_e , „,,,,,, 600 Chester. e S s c t o er tt . , o li n ,e h n i o s w b e ec ,s o c m l i i i n ig ica P l rr ie c d il a ia ls l of fo on cases at the hospital, were awarded Medal for the winter term 1849.50, to Mr. Edwt, Oro( of Sheffield ; the Gold Medal for the summer ! . e.r . :; 0 1 for_ tsr Mr. Thomas George Fitzgerald; and a Silver Andrew Soria, same term to Mr. Robert Bowman. The Anty n ''' ll ships were fixed as follows :—For comp etitl e o ; ,• f rie next : A Scholarship of 1001., and two 44' 504 eac h ' o f 40. i r ° a t s w h i e e o n i te lo e , s v t s: gyp'liie 0 petition in October, 1852, one of 701. and twes „ g m) T : eatV F PO , Tile leis PresnA9 curr e 4 4 ,10 that Sir A:;13. Broolte, Bart.,. Misr twill.t n i,.,killetraii ami that Celenelea)le, M.P.' tor' ___,, i tiets',os Captain Archdall, wlll be tile county a rtr . 4 7 l.ol7,rec present the new ceustituettcy in; gallis tne ,-,-- ReForter. • I 1