The Sun. — London, England, 1868-04-01 00:00:00

itiPiiill: OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Times advises those who have lamented that the Opposition was composed of leaders who would not lead and followers who would not follow, to take heart. If the Opposition has been disorganised, the Ministry certainly cannot boast that they form a body at unity with itself. On Monday night Lord Stanley moved hie amendment to Mr. Gladstone's resolutions. Nothing could be plainer, though nothing was more guarded than his attitude. He acknowledged the necessity of dealing with the tempora lities of the Irish Church, and that with no timorous hand. He was perplexed, and we were led to infer that the Ministers of the Crown were perplexed, as to the ulti mate disposition of the endowments of the Irish Esta blishment, but the necessity of withdrawing them from their present uses was plain and unequi vocal. The Home Secretary has now given the House of Commons another view of the intentions of the Government. In a speech rarely equalled within the Pa 7 ac.. of Westminster, and never for effect excelled, for it e7:pr.s3ed, if ever worth expressed, the clear and determined conviction of the speaker, Mr. Hardy elo quently npudiated all that Lord Stanley had said on the previous evening, and insisted upon the inviolability of all the possessions of the Irish Church. He declared that he did not assent to the abstraction of any part of its endow- ments, or if ever, by dire mischance, he should be forced to acquiesce in an act of spoliation which he abhorred, he would yield only under compulsion, and protest in the shades of opposition. " A house divided against itself cannot stand," and the divisions of the Ministry are by this time too plainly apparent. The Government, as Mr. Bright remarked yesterday, speaks with a different voice from night to night, and as Mr. Hardy on Tuesday answered Lord Stanley on Monday, Mr. Disraeli may not improbably be expected to reply on Thurs day or Friday to Mr. Hardy, or any other Minister who may sacrifice himself in the interval. What Mr. Dis raeli will do is now the question of the moment. Will he revert to his Dartmouth Letter and proclaim himself the uncompromising champion of all that is venerable, sacred, and hallowed by the conspiracies and rebellions of three hundred years ? This would be a noble, but a fatal mission. A small but united party, strong in the respect of their opponents, but weak in the House of Commons, might, under such circumstances, follow under his banner. Will he, admitting to the utmost the necessity of modifi cations in the distribution of the revenues of the Irish Establishment, profess his readiness to defer in any fashion that may appear necessary to the opinion of the nation as manifested by the result of the election next spring? It would be impossible that the Lord Chancellor or the Home Secretary could consent to such a declaration, if any reliance is to be placed on parliamentary speeches or pro fessions of principle. We may be tolerably confident that the First Minister will avoid either extreme. He will repudiate with becoming scorn the notion of being unfaith ful to the principle of Church and State, while he will recognise the necessity of conforming institutions to popular wants and national aspirations. He will be mysterious, epigrammatic, reticent. He will prove the identity of the Dartmouth Letter with the speech of " heed less rhetoric " pronounced below the gangway ; he will reconcile all possible propositions with the elastic terms of Lord Stanley's amendment ; and, confident in his in genuity, will insist upon the propriety of deferring to a Reformed House elected by Reformed constituencies the essential questions involved in Mr. Gladstone's resolu tions. The entire tenour of the second night's debate tended, the Post points out, even more fully than that of the pre ceding evening to she how fatal has been the error com mitted by the Prime Minister in adopting the vacillating Policy implied in Lord Stanley's amendment. The sup porters of the Ministry did not attempt to justify it ; the warning uttered by Lord Cranborne having exposed the snare which was intended to entrap both friends and foes. It is true, Mr. Disraeli is not bound by Mr. Hardy's straightforward declaration, but surely it was not worth while to provoke the Home Secretary into an expression of a distinct policy which, ere this debate closes, the Pre• mier must either adopt or disavow. It is now apparent to every one that the Government must be beaten on the question immediately before the House, and as in that event it is, as Mr. Hardy states, their intention to oppose the resolutions in committee, they will then be compelled to say aye or no whether they will assent to disestablish ment. Mr. Gathorne Hardy, who was put up to answer Lord Cranborne's speech, succeeded, says the Daily News, only in illustrating it: It is clear now that Mr. Disraeli is engaged in the profitable pastime of cross-fishing. He has lines on both sides of the stream. With Mr. Hardy he angles for Irish Orangemen and English Tories ; with Lord Stanley he fishes for incautious Radicals eager to gorge the bait, and timid Liberals ready to nibble at it. The Foreign Secretary and the Home Secretary are the two thimbles with which the great conjurer amuses the gaping crowd, and the pea may after all be under neither of them, but under the thimble of unconditional dis establishment and disendowment. If Mr. Gathorne Tin r(ly's speech had been delivered before Lord Cran borne's, the circumstance would have been an unfortunate one for the Ministry. But the imprudence is incon eeivtthle which led to its being spoken after that damaging criticism. Its sole effect has been to supply proof of the charges of double-dealing made by the member for Stam ford, and to convert suspicion into certainty. With the Home Secretary, the Herald asks, when was public opinion ever before so suddenly or so sin , prisingly ripened in less than a fortnight ? When was an attempt made to overturn the entire. policy of an empire in a space short of fifteen days? We may not cling to the sublime theory of a con stitution, mentioned last evening, whose laws are as high as heaven, because they surmount all else ; as wide as creation, because they embrace everything ; and as lasting as eternity, because its covenants are for ever binding ; but when a Minister of State, defending the simplest institutions of the realm, is met by an assertion that he is not protecting a policy, and is only exemplifying the ill-will of the British Government towards a subject nation, really it is time that the discussion took a turn. If any truth be evident from the declarations of the Govern ment during the present debate, it is that they have in hand a legislation and an administration sufficing to satisfy the just expectations of the Irish people. But although it may be thought in some quarters that Lord Cran borne's taunts rankled evidently in Mr. Hardy's speech, the practical questions suggested by that speech are those to which the common sense of Parliament must address Itself. There is no surrender of principle on the part of the Ministry. There is no denial of reform. There is no ignoring of the prerogative which the late Reform Billhas conferred upon new constituencies and a new Parlia ment ; only, as Mr. Gathorne Hardy shewed last night, the evil of the present crisis is, as it was many years ago, when Mr. Gladstone complained of the t ru th i n t erms o ft exasperation and bitterness, " The Irish Church Esta blishment is denounced for the sake of serving a party purpose." The purpose will fail; the party will n o t ptrint ; and the Establishment will be reformed by its iriends, instead of being despoiled and overthrown by the foes of every Church whatever. It is with surprise and pain that the Standard finds - Lord Cranborne coming forward to strengthen the hands oaf hid hatural enemies against his natural allies. The lieble lord advocates what we key is the impossible policy of preserving the Irish Church on its present footing. Yet Le lends the weight of his influence and his eloquence to those who are labouring for the annihilation of the system he upholds, and against those who, by judicious improve ments, would render its position sound and tenable. May. not those who count themselves the most earnest defen tlers of the Irish Church discern a salutary warnin ,, in the toincidence which links them with the party of abolition? Is it not an ominous portent, when the upholder of the Establishment, as it now stands, finds himself ranged against those who, more or less, sympathise with him, and in temporary alliance with the advocates of immediate disestablishment and disendowment ? Lord Cranborne can do justice to the "perfect candour and openness" of Mr. Gladstone. Was it altogether fair, was it in gOod taste, to class a statesman like Lord Stanley among those who "shelter themselves behind ambiguous motions and dilatory pleas ?" Are we to conclude, too, that in the estimate of the noble lord the interests of the Irish Church will be butter served by " the perfect candour and open ness " of a proposition for immediate disestablishment and disendowment, than by a counter proposition in favour of careful consideration and deliberate procedure ? Lord Cranborne, continues the Standard, can afford to fight for a theory, but a Government cannot shut their eyes to facts. There are anomalies in the Irish Establish. ment which cannot be defended, and he is surely its wisest and most faithful chalpion who would fit it fer the rough encounter which lies before it, by strengthening its weak points, and making it as far as possible invulnerable. All abuses are a cause of weakness ; all deficiencies and anomalies are invitations to attack. The Government is fi ting the same battle as Lord Cranborne, but we venture to think that the position it has assumed is more tenable and defensible than that to which the member for Stamford adheres with such pertinacious courage. It is the principle of the union bet Ween Church and State which is at stake, and Mr. Disraeli and his colleagues are fully alive to the fact, but they are wisely unwilling to embarrass their line of defen ce by the contention that the Irish Church is incapable of irmiroveme:it. and that is the policy to which they would he cr,mmitted if they adopted the straight forward e.ezative " favoured by Lord Cranborne. Mr. Hardy, says the Star, is a valuable member of the Government for he has the ear of the House of Commons ; but Lord Cranborue and those who cheer him cannot be exp',.cte , l to believe that he is of more consequence to Mr. I fisracii than the three honest and able dissidents of the Deform year were to Lord Derby. 'Thus the suspicion remains, and is derimied ill the minds of the Tories. made susplei !i:eb ree2ut uteesiions, that, inspite of Mr. Hardy's .niporoue pr.tostati.,ns, it may still be an "original plan" of the Printe Minister to abandon the Irish Establishment. fortunately, it is hardly possible that another manceuvre can be discovered in time to confuse the issue on which the House of Commons will have to decide. The Ministry cannot depend long on the rude expedient of putting up members of the Administration to answer each other, and they have probably no other to resort to. Already it is said that Lord Stanley's amendment will be withdrawn in sheer shame and mortification, and the vote on the more bold and worthy issue which will then remain must be more decisive than that by which, if pressed, the amend ment would be defeated LAW AND POLICE. CHANGES AGAINST CITY BROKENS.—Before the Court of Aldermen, the Lord Mayor, and the City Recorder, Mr. William Caudery, of 151, renchurch-street, a sworn broker, was charged by Mr. Alfred D. Castle, merchant, of 45, Mincing-lane, with delivering to him "bought notes " of various parcels of soda ash and soda crystals, and charging him with a greater sum than he had really paid for them. It seemed that the defendant had been frequently employed by Mr. Castle as broker in various transactions, and it was alleged that this was not the first occasion on which the complainant had been charged more than he ought to have been. Under these circum stances, it was asked that the bonds which he entered into (41,000), and his two sureties in £250 each, might be estreated. For the defence it was stated that though there had been some irregularities on the part of the broker, still there had been no fraud or collusion. After hearing the whole of the evidence, the Recorder, on behalf of the court, stated that it had been decided that the bonds entered into by Mr. Caudery and his sureties should be put hi force by the City solicitor, and that the defen• dant should appear at the next court, to be held on the 21st inst., and show cause why he should not be discharged from the office of broker. During the sitting of the courtit was stated that Lieutenant-Colonel Baddeley had complained that Mr. Alfred Whitmore, late of Change-alley, but now . deceased, had sold or otherwise disposed of valuable bonds and securities without his sanction, and applied the pro ceeds to his own use, and he (Mr. Baddeley) therefore asked that the names of Mr. Whitmore's securities might be furnished him. The Recorder could not see what good could accrue from the colonel's desire being complied with !! because Mr. Whitmore had not committed any offence within the terms of his bond. TRADE OUTItAGE AT ASHTON-UNDER-LYNE.—At the Liverpool Assizes, Robert Ryan was indicted for taking, part in a trade outrage, committed in 1862, upon the pre= mises of Mr. Clifford, brickmaker, Ashton-under-Lyne. A number of men having their faces concealed by masks were met by two policemen as they were returning from destroying some bricks. The police-constables attempted to take the men into custody, when a violent struggle ensued, and one of the officers, named Jump, was shot. The prisoner had absconded to America, and only recently returned. He pleaded guilty to doing wilful damage, and was committed to gaol for nine months, with hard labour. THE OUTRAGE AT SWANSEA.—LOW, the man convicted at the last Cambridge Assizes of a murderous assault and on Mr. Williams, of Swansea, when the latter was driving home, has confessed his guilt, and states that he committed the assault with a hedger's hook, and after wards concealed it. Low, who is in his 67th yeaar, was sentenced to penal servitude for life. ACTIONS AGAINST RAILWAY COMPANIES.—Two claims for danlages against railway companies have been tried at the Liverpool Assizes. In one Mr. Habane, a civil engi neer, residing at New York, claimed compensation for injuries sustained by him in December last when travelling on the London and North Western Railway. The com pany had paid £2OO into court, and the jury awarded £5OO in addition to that sum. In the other case, Mr. Parkinson, a veterinary surgeon residing at Preston, sought to recover damages for injuries received on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway when jour neying from Preston to Liverpool. A verdict was given for the plaintiff, with £l,BOO damages. LORD BROUGHAM'S AUTOBIOGRAPHY.—An application was made at Vice-Chancellor Malins's Chambers in the case of Lord Brougham v. Cauvin, on the part of the de fendant for time to answer the evidence of his lordship for a decree. The Cjiief Clerk (Mr. Edwards) gave a fort night's further time from the 2nd of April. A. FATHER CHARGED WITH MURDER.—At Bristol Assizes William Blackmore, a mason, was indicted for the wilful murder of his son Thomas, six, years old. The prisoner, who was a widower, resided with his son, and it had often been observed that he treated the boy very unkindly, and had refused to maintain him until com pelled by the magistrates to do so. On the 27th of January the prisoner had notice to leave his lodgings, and on the afternoon of the same day was seen walking, in company with his son, by the side of the River Froome. He returned in a few hours without the boy, and stated that he had left him with a sister, with whom it was sub sequently ascertained he had not been friendly for a year. Subsequently the body of the boy was found in the river, about two miles from the place where he was last seen with his father. No marks of violence were discernible on the corpse. About three o'clock in the afternoon of the 29th, before starting, the boy ate some bread and bacon. This was found in his stomach partially digested ; and the surg,ton thought it looked as if the boy bad lived two or three hours after he partook of this food. This was the essence of the evidence offered in the case, except the fact that when spoken to at. various times on the subject the prisoner gave several versions of what had become of the deceased. The defence was that the chain of circumstan tial evidence was not sufficiently complete. The jury re turned a verdict of not guilty. A STRANGE DECISION.—A woman and a respectable man, named Long, have been charged before Mr. Newton, at the Worship-street Police-court, the former with being "drunk and incapable," and thelatter with interfering with the police. The evidence was conflicting in the extreme. The policemen said that the male prisoner pushed one of them and called him an unmitigated scoundrel. Mr. Long denied this statement, and said that he only remon strated with the officer because the police were pulling the woman by her arms, her face touching the pavement all the time. He asked one of the policemen to obtain a stretcher ; but the officer only made an abusive reply, and on the defendant threatening to report the constable he was seized, roughly treated, and conveyed to the police station. A number of witnesses corroborated Mr. Long's statement, and not one gave the same testimony as that of the constables. Notwithstanding, Mr. Newton fined the prisoner Long £2O, and told him that if he had done his duty he would have taken the numbers of the con stables and then reported them, and whatever had oc curred he had brought on himself. EXECUTION OF THE LUTON MURDERER. On Tuesday, at eight a.m., William Worsley was uanged in front of Bedford gaol, in presence of about a thousand people, for the murder of William Brad bury, at Luton. At the trial an accomplice, named Levi Welch, was allowed to give Queen's evidence, and was sentenced to fourteen years' penal servitude on his own confession of having robbed the murdered man after Worsley had struck him down with a bed winch. The popular idea was that Welch was equally culpable with Worsley, and this opinion formed the pretext of some very strenuous efforts which were made on behalf of the condemned man. On Saturday last, Mr. Gathorne Hardy, having exa mined the case and consulted the judge (Baron Bramwell) who tried it, declared that the law must take its course ; and the same answer was returned to two depu tations who had personal interviews with the Home Secre tary on Monday. Up to Monday night the prisoner appeared to entertain confident hopes that a reprieve, would arrive at the last moment ; but about midnight he dictated a confession to Mr. Roberts (governor of the gaol), and also a letter to his relatives, in which ho acknowledged the fairness of the trial, the justice of the sentence, and the ability with which he had been de fended. lie also expressed a hope that his fate would act as a warning to others. Worsley displayed wonderful coolness, submitted to be pinioned with perfect docility,' and walked to the scaffold without assistance. He knelt at the foot of the scaffold to offer a brief prayer, shook hands with all around him, and bowed to the crowd on mounting the steps. The dreadful business was soon over, but the hun dreds of men, women, and children who had tramped twenty miles to see the execution were partially disap pointed, for the culprit's head was scarcely seen above the drapery which surrounded the scaffold, and when the bolt was withdrawn nothing but a vibrating rope remained in sight to indicate the "great moral lesson." The struggles of the victim lasted barely half a minute. His body was cut down at nine o'clock, and buried inside the gaol. ST. ALBAN'S, HOLBORN. —The following letter has been addresssed by Mr. Mackonochie, the perpetual curate of St. Alban's, to the Bishop of London :—" My dear Lord Bishop,—lt is due to your lordship that I should communicate to you as soon as possible my inten tions with regard to the judgment of the Arches Court in the case sent to it by your lordship by letters of request. According to the account of that judgment in the public papers, which I assume to be correct, I am `admonished to abstain for - the future from the use of incense and from mixing water with the wine, as pleaded in these articles ; and, further, not to recur to the practice, which I have abandoned under protest, with regard to the elevaticn of the blessed Sacrament and the censing per sons and things.' I have taken a few days to consider what course it is my linty to take under this judgment, and have decided to abide by it, without appeal to the higher court, unless compelled to do so by any act on the part of the promoter. It will, I know, be more satisfactory to many of my friends'that I should thus accept the decision of the highest court which claims spiritual authority rather than appeal to a civil tribunal. At the same time, I cannot but feel the deepest thankfulness that a judg ment conceived in such a spirit of deep and true Catholicity should have been pronounced at this time. [t will do more than anything to calm the minds of those who have been much troubled by many past events.— Believe me, my dear Lord Bishop, yours very truly lt and respectfully, ALEX. HERIOT 1114cK9g9P1 THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, APRIL 1, 1868 THE CHARTER FOR THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY. The clerical leaders of the Orange ascend ancy faction in Ireland have unconsciously undertaken to demonstrate both the failure of the mixed system of education in the sister kingdom, and the folly of the Government in having so long refused a charter to the Catholic University. We are old enough to remember when Lord Derby, then Lord Stanley, intro duced into Ireland a system of education which was to be administered by a board so consti tuted as to serve for an example of the fraternal relations whichwere henceforth to spring up be tween the children of Orangemen and Ribbon men, Catholics, Protestants, and Presbyterians, all educated in the same school. The attempt was a noble one, and was honestly undertaken by the then noble Secretary for Ireland. But it failed utterly ; and one cause of its failure is so little creditable to the memory of the late Archbishop Whately, that had the account of it reached us through any less trustworthy channel than his grace's daughter, we should not have given credit to it. All Catholic con fidence was destroyed when it was discovered that a member of the board, and a Privy Coun cillor, was capable of the duplicity of feigning the utmost respect for the religious convictions of Catholics, and of outwardly manifesting the warmest friendship for his colleague at the board, the Most Rev. Archbishop Murray, while actively engaged in the compilation and cir culation of books which had for their real object the secret undermining of the Catholic religion. We need not, however, dwell upon the Whately attempt to infuse the poison of heresy into the books in use in the national schools. Of the tree then planted we can now judge by its fruits ; for it has attained its utmost growth, and is at present in full bearing. Choice specimens of this fruit were exhibited in En niskillen so recently as Friday evening last ; and on the 6th inst. the provincial exhibition of similar specimens commenced at Rathmines, a village in the immediate neighbourhood of the city of Dublin. On Friday last, the Orange men of Newbliss held a meeting to drink tea, provided by a committee of ladies, and to ex press sympathy with Mr. Johnston, who pre , fers a month's confinement in prison. to con- I fessing that he had done wrong in breaking the law, and promising that he would not so offend in future. After tea, which it must be admitted is not an exciting beverage, the Rev. Henry Burdett took the chair, and addressing the meeting said :—" We see people telling us that we should not be aspiring to ascendancy. Now, as long as ever the Lord shall leave me breath, I will never be content with anything but Protestant ascendancy. I think it is time to stand on the watch-tower, and cry 'No surrender.' I believe in my heart and soul that the Roman Catholics of this country are in a most deplorable state of idolatry, and I say from the Queen down to the humblest Pro testant we have no right to succumb to Popery. I believe a Roman Catholic dying as such is lost and lost for ever." Rounds of Kentish fire testified to the delight with which this characteristic Orange speech was received by a sympathising audience. Shockingly unchari table as it may sound in English ears it is but the reverberation of a sound familiar to the frequenters of every Orange lodge in Ireland. The Rev. John Flanagan, whose name is sug gestive of a parentage more familiar with rosaries and holy water than with Kentish fire, challenged the meeting to say if their loyalty was not conditional. "Will you, Orange men of Ireland," said Mr. Flanagan, " endorse the doctrine of unconditional loyalty ?" To which there was a loud response of " No, never." He went on to tell them that Pro testant loyalty must make itself understood — that there were 200,000 Orangemen ready to defend the Church—that the " Queen should be reminded that one of her ancestors who swore to maintain the Protestant religion forgot his oath, and that his crown was kicked into the Boyne." W hat Lord Mayo may think of this language we know not ; but for words far less treasonable, and less inciting to civil war, numbers of Irishmen have within the last three months been tried, convicted, and sentenced to long terms of penal servitude. Referring to Mr. Cogan's motion for a repeal of that gra tuitous wrong to the Catholic Hierarchy of Ireland, the Ecclesiastical Titles' Act, Mr. Flanagan, amid peals of Kentish fire, said— "lf there were a thousand Mr. Ccgans in Parliament, it was for the Orangemen to tell them that it was by blood they must acquire the blood-bought rights of the Protestants of Ireland." What is noticeable in these speeches of the members of the Protestant Defence Associa tion is that they openly threaten Parliament with civil war in the event of so much as an attempt being made to do justice to the Catho lics of Ireland. They have been so pampered —so secretly encouraged by successive Govern ments to trample upon their Catholic fellow countrymen, that the bare proposal to place Catholics and Protestants upon a footing of civil and religious equality absolutely maddens them. The Rev. W. H. Ferrar, one of the Fellows of Trinity College, Dublin, addressing the Rathmines meeting presided over by Sir Edward Grogan, said— If the Church Estab lishment were destroyed in Ireland, there can not, there shall not, there must not be peace in Ireland. If they think the Protestants of Ire land will succumb without a struggle they know not the men with whom they have to deal. That I say solemnly before God." Mr. Shannon, a solicitor, said their cry was "No Popery." " Their ancestors marched to vic tory at Newtownbutler to the cry of No Popery." "At Aughrim the chivalry of St. Rutler went down before the headlong charge of Protestants to the cry of No Popery ;' " and, one more, " Protestants were coming out in their strength to the cry of No Popery and no surrender.' He (Mr. Solicitor Shannon) was one of a class of men in Ireland of whom the Government should beware—of a class resolved to maintain their Protestant rights at all hazards." We do not quote the disloyal and rebellious language of these out-spoken, fair specimens of the lay and clerical Orange fraternity in Ireland in order to bring any " railing accusa tion" against them. We cite them to show how utterly inefficacious the Established Church in Ireland has been in teaching Christian tolera tion even to her own clergy. There has been no attempt, as far as we have heard, on the part of the Irish University to call Mr. Ferrar to account for language calculated to prevent any Catholic gentleman from allowing his sons to enter it. Mr. Ferrar is, we understand, one of the college lecturers in residence, and is in daily communication with the heads of the University. Well may his Eminence the Car dinal Archbishop of Dublin observe—" A college managed by such men must lose the respect of all who are liberally disposed ; whilst Catholic parents, placing their chil dren under such tuition in the University, cannot flatter themselves that they have done their duty." In fact, it would seem as if the doomed Church Establishment in Ireland was already so stricken by the just judgment of a higher Power than that of Parliament, as to be in some measure compelled to supply national and European evidence of the legis lative necessity of its suppression. Any Catholic priest or layman, who only six weeks ago would have attributed to any Protestant cler gyman in Ireland the entertaining such opinions as have just been proclaimed by the Rev. Mr. Ferrar, the Rev. Mr. Burdett, and the Rev. Mr. Flanagan at the meetings in Rath mines and Enniskillen, and received by crowded audiences of Protestant students, ladies and gentlemen, with rounds of Kentish fire, w ou ld have been denounced by the ultra Protestant press as afoul libeller of all that was most meek and charitable in the sister country. And yet Messrs. Ferrar, Burdett, and Flana gan, are by no means specimens of Orange Parsons weekly in the habit of discoursing of Catholics in language not a whit more courte ous or more charitable. Now, as in the days of the late Duke of Cumberland, when Queen, Victoria had just ascended the throne, Irish Orangemen remind us of the conditional loyalty of the " true blue" Protestants of Ireland, and of how " a Royal crown" was once, and by inference may again be, " kicked into the Boyne !" What say the loyal people of England to - this, as a specimen of the fruit borne by that Tree of evil without admixture of good—the State Church Establishment in but not of Ireland ?—Westminster Gazette. at the increase of marriage, and, consequently, Population, fearing it would overtake the means of subsistence. Now, the reverse is the complaint. It is not the number, but the character of people. that determines the worth of a country. The worlet is benefited not by the quantity, but the quality of its inhabitants. Prudent hesitation is to be praised, and precipitancy, which so often causes poverty stricken children to rush into the sacred responsi bilities of parents, is to be censured. But the Nation sees another gain. The evaporation of the higher orders, who, in the truest sense of the word, are civilized off the face of the earth, creates a vacuum for a steady rise from the lower into the higher scale. This is a decided advantage over the reverse by which he surplus in the upper would be crowded down into the lower grades—the current becoming ascending instead of descending.—Anglo-American Times. SELECTIONS FROM PERCY FITZGERALD'S LIFE OF G.IRRICK. GARRICK AND MRS. SIDDONS. " Richard Bi insley Sheridan said he thought his Richard was fine, but terrible enough. God bless me,' said the great actress, Siddons, ' what could be more ter rible!' She then told bow, at rehearsal, ho had badQ her, as he drew Lady Anne from the sofa, follow him step by step, so that ho should keep his faco to the audience, as he acted much with his eyes. During tho performance she was so overcome by the fearful expression of his face that she forgot her instructions, but was recalled to herself by a look of reproof which, she said, she should never think of without terror." One by one Garrick bore down his great rivals, Quin Macklin, Barry, Sheridan, Mossop, Ryan, and a host of others, some of whom had great physical advantages over him; but though they had a fair share of public estimation, Garrick was " King Davy." Of his rela tions with Peg Woffington, Mr. Fitzgerald tells us a good deal, but it is not calculated to raise that actress much in public esteem. It is clear that Garrick intended to marry, since ho purchased a wedding ring and fitted it to her finger. There was a spice of jealousy in the affair. Lord Darnley was jealous of Garrick, and taxed her with having met him. " I have not soon him for an age," she declared. " You saw him this morning," answered the nobleman, who was well-informed. "And is not that an age ?" she retorted. So with Garrick. He, too, was jealous. "He told her," writes Mr. Fitzgerald, "that he had lain tossing all that night, thinking of this wretched marriage ; that it was a foolish thing for both, who might do better in sepa rate lines ; and that, in short, he had worn the shirt of De janira. " Then throw it off at once, sir," she said, in her shrill, inharmonious voice ; " from this moment I have done with you." The next morning she sant back all his presents, with a letter of dismissal. He did the same, with the excep tion of a pair of diamond buckles of some value. She waited for a month thinking they had been forgotten, and then wrote- for them ; but Garrick begged he might be allowed to keep them "as a memorial of their old friendship, and of many happy hours." Notwithstanding the clever apology which follows, we think that the first and last lady member of the Beefsteak Club had some reason to be ashamed of her adorer. It was a fortunate thing for Garrick that his desire to marry Woffington was marred; for his union with Violette, the Viennese dancer, was happy. He consulted her on all matters of business ; and to the day of his death there was never a shadow between them. Mademoiselle Violette, the young Aus trian girl, travelled from Vienna to London in the dis guise of a page, in search of an engagement as a dancer. She enjoyed a marvellous success in London, both at the theatre and in society, and was, Mr. Fitzgerald thinks, "a sort of Watteau beauty, with a s►nal! round face." There was a rage about her. The Countesses of Burlington and Talbot disputed for her company at tea; Lady Carlisle was for over asking her to supper, and Walpole called her "the finest and most admired dancer in the world." Garrick fell in love with her and won her, and was probably happier than if he had main tained his engagement with the impetuous and egotistic Peg Woffington. Garrick was born in 1716. His father, who was a lieutenant of dragoons, was of Huguenot origin. The family name was De la Garrigue. The Garrick family at Lichfield was not rich, but the boy had many friends, not the least of whom was Mr. Walmesley, the bishop's registrar. He interested himself in the young fellow's welfare, and it was by his assistance that Garrick came to London. David's father had gone on service to Gibraltar, leaving his wife almost heart-broken. YOUNG DAVY'S LETTERS TO HIS FATHER. "With every mail the exiled soldier's eyes were glad dened with long, long letters from the affectionate David, full of gay, amusing Lichfield news ; full of genuine love and filial warmth; and showing, too, not the uncon scious selfishness of the schoolboy, who cannot help writing of himself and his concerns, but a careful selec tion of such matters only as would please and interest the dear father he was addressing. Even the gayer por tions seem inspired by the gaiety of a man, and every thing is chosen with almost a► laborious anxiety, and the nicest tact, to cheer and amuse the lonely officer, who, he knew, would have to wait months for the next mail. The father took care to put by this remarkable series, well worthy indeed of being reserved, for they gave cer tain promise of a ripe wisedom, a true affection that would, later, attach friends, of a wit and gaiety that would secure useful acquaintances, and a tact and gravity that was sure to win success in any profession. It is hard to give an idea of these engaging letters, which are as wise as they are affectionate, and have a shrewdness far removed from the almost pedantic wisdom of common schoolboys, showing also a quaintness that might be looked for in, the letters of grown-up people. It was curious, certainly, that all these gifts should have centred in David, and that the six others of the captain's family should have dispositionsof the most homely and home-spun description." Samuel Johnson and David were friends. Johnson was, however, some years the older of the two. Together they saw plays at Lichfield, and it is noted that even then Garrick had a keen critical faculty, while Johnson, so far as the drama was concerned, had none. Johnson and Garrick came to .town together. Johnson had set up a school at Lichfield, with Garrick as one of his pupils, and the venture had failed. Mr. Walmesley, anxious to get David on in the world, recommended him to a Mr. Colson, of Rochester, with a view to the com pletion of his education before going to the bar. On the morning of March 2, 1737, Garrick and Johnson sot out together. "TARING OFF" THE PLAYERS. " On one morning a letter was brought in at Southamp ton-street, introducing a young man who wished to go on the stage. Garrick received him kindly, listened to his declamation, which was poor enough, and comforted the aspirant by telling him that his shyness was a very good sign of success. This young fellow had hung about the green-room at Covent Garden, and for all this shyness was a pert, forward, impudent glinin, whose precocious talents of mimicry had been overpraised by friends. He offered to 'take off' some of the well known actors to show the manager his gifts. Nay, now,' said Mr. Garrick, in his peculiar mixture of hesita tion and repetition, which made his 'talk' a favourite subject of imitation, ' Nay, now, sir, you must take care of this, for I used to call myself the first at this business.' But the young fellow knew the manager's weak place. He began, leading off with Foote. The like ness amused the manager immensely, and the performance was repeated. Hey, now ! now—what—all,' went on Mr. Garrick. How—really this—this—is—why, well, well, well, do call on me on Monday, and you may depend on my doing all I can for you.' This broken style of speech was Mr. Garrick's characteristic when addressing his inferiors, and was in fact his managerial manner, and may have been found very useful in helping him to a sort of vague generality, without committing him to any posi tive declaration. It was not a bad auxiliary for one who was asked for so much, and had to refuse so much. On the Monday the youth came again, -and was welcomed warmly. Ho was told that inquiries had been made about his widowed mother, and that he was to be put on the books at 30s. a week—a fortune indeed." The youth's name was Tate Wilkinson, who afterwards became a very celebrated manager in Yorkshire. WOMEN. People differ widely in describing "The Girl of the Period." The Saturday Review does this in terms which have excited the indignation of Eng land, and brought down on that great literary journal the wrath of society. The Review week by week had worked itself up till it reached the climax the Saturday before last, when it exploded in a furious diatribe against the young lady portion of the sex. We believe that the Saturday and the world owe these charitable and generous criticisms to the pen of a lady, and we hope Mrs. Stanton, when she comes to deal with the Review's com ments, will make herself acquainted with the fact. She says, in the Revolution :—" Women are waking up everywhere to the claims of the new and higher civilization. When in old monarchical England, where the best minds are in a measure palsied by the demon of caste, women are rising up in their dignity, throwing off the shackles of custom, and demanding a voice in the Government, shall it be said that here, under the inspiration of our free in stitutions, the most enlightened minds in the coun try do not know enough of the machinery of Go vernment to demand their political rights ?" In answer to Mr. Cronyn, who observes "there must be some serious defect in our domestic and educational institutions that furnishes such an inferior article of woman," Mrs. Stanton says, the supply is always suited to the demand ; the women of a nation are always moulded after man's highest idea. For a quarter of a century strong-minded women have been the target of politician, priest, and press in this Republic ; hence the harvest of weak-minded ones we all alike deplore to-day." Finally, Mrs. Stanton remarks that, "in spite of the heresies of David Cronyn, she prefers his scarifying women to worshipping them in the clouds as of yore. We are glad to have woman at last touch terra firma, the change of base is a confession of weakness, and argues a speedy surrender of the usurpers. They are sur rounded, cornered, they cannot answer the argu ments ; no man of common sense attempts it. Now the question is shall they stand still, and let us fire hot shot on their devoted heads till they are annihilated with the sense of their awful responsi bilities, or shall they spring to the battlements and turn their guns on us ? We say' fire away, gentle men,' but do not load too heavily lest your guns kick, and kill man instead of woman." What sort of a charge was that fired by the Saturday Review? Doubtless that gun kicked ! " There must be," says David Cronyn, " some grave defects in the instruments employed, that society fails to get more of a higher type of woman. But where ever the difficulty lies, whether in curriculum or system, the great vital necessity still stands. The characterless condition of female characters must be removed before any true and permanent ame lioration is possible. Until then society will not be just to her. In the nature of things weakness commands love and pity, not respect and power." There is an article in the Nation explaining why single life is becoming more general. The decrease of marriage among the upper gild middle classes of France, England, and New England, is a fact esta blished by abundant statistical proof. In France, it is said, to be owing to the drafting and retention of young men for the army, enforcing bachelor. hood; to the expense and trouble attending the ceremony; to the usage which makes it an affair de convenance ; and to the increase of the demi-monde. In England "it is those hateful clubs," the prohibitory expense, the frivolity, vanity, mental inferiority of the other sex, say the clever men, who do the social philosophy for the Eng lish weeklies. Iu New England the ladies are so ex travagant in dress. They desire to commence house keeping at the point their parents left off, and they will not marry unless the man is rich. The young men go West, and leave an excess of women at home. The Woman's Right advocates charge the decrease to the inequitable constitution of the mar riage relation, to the loss of individuality, and the law against property iu the wife; to her treatment as the plaything, pet, or upper servant without wages of the husband. Again, it is alleged that it is only one of the advancing ripples of the Woman's Rights' movement. "It is the effort of woman to make herself independent of man, and equal to him. Denying man's claim to submission from woman, even the great mass of women who do not belong to Woman's Rights' party exhibit a growing self-asser tion, masculinity, independence, which make men more and more weary of the matrimonial noose." These are all the effects, not causes, of the decrease. 'Women are becoming masculine, independent, and desirous of equal rights, because so many of them are left unmarried, which enforces indepen dence, and the struggle for the means of living com pels them to be masculine. They enter professions because they fail to secure a husband's hand and heart. Patient Griseldas are left single with the moral Camillas, and the social Amazons; the mascu line English girl, and the convent educated, un sophisticated French jeune filk. That the rea sons given by the essayist, as well as the champions of Woman's Rights, the Social Science Conventions, the pulpit, and the press, are wrong, is seen in the case of New England. In these States there is neither army service clubs, a numerous demi-monde, nor expense and trouble in the cere mony. The New England girls are neither fast, masculine, frivolous, nor inferior in education or culture to the young men. The young people are left in complete freedom to follow their own hearts and tastes in choosing their companions, yet the same phenomenon is exhibited. In Massachusetts the excess of 40,000 women only accounts for the unmarried state of one-fifth of the single women. The Nation points out that the decrease is propor tioned to the respective height of social development in France, England, and the United States—the three nations which have advanced the .most iu the path of modern civilization. It argues that the cause proceeds from the higher development of civilization, and the new form that modern progress has given to modern life, by which the domestic circle does not fill so large a place, and married life has lost in some measure its advantage over a single life. Tastes have become widened, desires multi plied, and the new gratifications and pleasures sup plied have but created a taste for more. The city is the habitat for the single ; the country town iejan uncongenial clime for the species. For example, Jonathan in the little town of Tyanius fifty years ago had no daily pap ers , few books , nor any taste for literature ; not even a Sunday school library ; nor theatre or concer t-ball ; billiard tables unknown ; cigar and meerschaum little known ; public amusements or weekly lyceum, an occasional circus, or political meeti ng . Mary Jane without a piano, studio, sensation nove l s , a nd picture gal leries; without Germa n or It a lian, was still worse off for single enjoyments. The case is very different with the bachelor and girl of to-day, who have a surfeit of independent resource ; most of which they must drop if they marry, and the after conse quences are too heavy not to be felt in balancing the scale for and against the engagement. The ' widening and heightening tastes tend to the de crease. Man's desires in civilization grow faster than hia productive power, and so also education developer sensibility and the critical faculty, more than character or executive ability. Thus the taste being elevated by culture, few come up to the ideal standard. When people have no other amusement, it has been cynically said they are apt to imagine themselves in love. But when they have abundant amusement, which tends to raise their ideal, thus filling the vacant heart and educating the mind's eye to require a periection seldom met, the double process goes on of lessening the desire, and desiring only the unprocurable. Should this decrease in marriage excite alarm and lamentation? Fifty years ago social philosophers were frightened GARRICK AND MURPHY. "Murphy's family was in difficulties. His brother was going out to Jamaica. His mother was a charge on him ; thus, so far as his struggles went, he was entitled to some sympathy. On this renewal of intercourse ho had a farce by him, The Upholsterer : which he began to press upon Garrick, but who was afraid to touch it from its political tono. He soon guessed, however, the meaning of this eagerness, the outfit of the brother, &c. ; and this 'stingy' man, who for his thrift and nearness was the butt of a hun dred jesters, from Foote downwards, sent a private offer of assistance—and 'such an offer' as covered Murphy with confusion.' Garrick sent him a supply of money: more, too, should b 3 forthcoming when wanted. ' All I desire in return is that you will not make any speeches on the occasion. Your letter has said too much, and all I shall say is, that I am happy it is in my power to convince you how much I am yours.—D. G." A quiet view is obtained of the actor at Hampton, where keen-eyed folk affirmed they could distinguish between Goldsmith and Gsrrick's manner of playing with children, the former doing it to please them, and the latter to please himself; where Johnson came to supper; where the Viennese dancer, now growing plump, planted a cedar and a tulip tree ; where he was never absent for a single day from his wife; where, when she disapproved of a portrait, he said, "Never mind, dear, you shall have a much handsomer picture to look at," and brought her a mirror where he entertained the unfortunate Miss R ty at a real turtle dinner ; and where he indulged in doggrel which his biographer would have done well to suppress. Mr. Fitzgerald observes of Garrick that " no one more dearly loved a lord," and it was a manifest affectation on his part when, after asking a guest who had come to breakfast 0 Did you meet a little lawyer turning the corner ?" he immediately explained that it was Lord Camden who had been to visit him. But his friends were of all sorts and conditions. He shook hands with Grub-street, 4tnd he shook hands with tho dukes. Ho know Sterne, and nearly drove him mad with gaiety ; Burke, who called him a "little Horace ;" Walpole, who thought he was not a gentleman ; Dr. Dodd, who was hanged ; and Boswell, who preferred him to all the crowned heads of Europe. A good many of the familiars borrowed money of him, and never forgave the obligation. Mr. Fitzgerald goes through "a round of characters" played by Garrick—Richard, Lear, —which drew from Clive the ejaculation, " him, he could act a gridiron I"—Hamlet—which he played in a flapped waistcoat, breeches, and stockings; Macbeth, whom he represented as wearing silver lace and a tye wig; Romeo, who came " creeping on his toes ;" Sir John Brute, the highest perfection of a drunken part, with a movement of the lips, "so that we cannot tell whether he is chewing or tasting, smelling or speaking ;" and so on. It is added, "no actor had ever died so rich. Roughly estimating the various bequests in his will, we might value his estate as close upon one hundred thousand pounds." His wife survived him many years, and died at the age of ninety-eight. RAILWAYS 11V 71IE UNITED S 7 dTES. (From the Anglo-American Times.) The country most benefited by the locomotive is the Uniced States. Without Stephenson's in vention the present development could not have been attained for centuries. Cooper, the great novelist, belonged to a generation but just passed away. The scenes he describes were mostly those of his early youth, yet who can now read them and ima gine that he wrote of the United States? In the Eastern States the Red Indian wandered through the primeval forest. The great prairies were away in the unknown West, where a man stood as it were at sea, with the horizon around him un broken by an object, and himself seemingly on a pinnacle of the world. In a wild stampede the buffalo herds rushed over the waste, and often the thrilling portion of his tale centred in a con suming fire advancing in a line spreading scores of miles with a speed that wearied out the fleetest and most untiring animals. In those days, States now among the most powerful in the Union, were known only to the hunter and trapper, whose stories were listened to with a half incredulous interest, and the mighty West was spoken of as the terra incognita of the world, ending in a mountain barrier beyond which was the ultimo thule whence no traveller re turned, and in 'which even the hopes of civilization were lost. 'What an enthusiast the man who witnessed the cutting of the first sod of the Baltimore and Ohio Railway on the 4th of July, 1828, would have been considered, had he prophesied the stupendous results about to be obtained from the system inaugurated. There was but one small locomo tive in America, built at Baltimore, where it is even now preserved as a curious relic. Though this was the first line opened, yet, on its comple tion in 1829, it was partly worked by horse power. The Hudson and Mohawk Railway was brought into operation two years afterwards between Albany and Schenectady, and in 1832 an engine was driven over it at the rate of 30 miles an hour. In that year 67 miles of railway were worked in Pennsylvania,. and in Massachusetts and New Jersey important operations were commenced. This was the begin ning of railway enterprise in America, which may safely be pronounced to have produced results the most marvellous and generally beneficial to the human race, of any yet inaugurated by man. In the year 1838 there were but 1,843 miles; in 1840, 2,167 ; 1842, 3,863 ; 1844, 4,285 ; 1816, 4,828 ; 1848, 6,491; 1850, 8,827 ; this ratio was main tained, the increase being steady and continuous until the civil strife. Ten years later, that is in 1860, there were 31,185 miles, and the depress ing influence of the War on all enterprise may be seen in the fact that in 1864 the number was but 35,000, that is not half the ratio of increase of the prior periods. At the present time it is cal culated that there are in the United States 38,321 miles, or over 50,000 of single track, if side tracks and switches are added. Pennsylvania ranks first in rail ways, having within the State over four thousand miles in operation. The next State is Ohio, with about 3,500. Illinois comes after with 3,300. In Pennsylvania complete reports for 1867 have not yet been published from the Auditor-General's office. 'rhe Reports sent for 1866 were from 92 companies, holding an aggregrate property to the value of $267,684,408, .and real estate worth $5,701,697. The roads were maintained and kept in operation at a total cost of $11,039,150. The gross receipts were $70,999,759, and the net profits $29,967,609. The number of passengers carried was 17,731,216, of whom 2,472,905 passed through on the main roads. The accidents were as follow :—Passengers killed, 13 ; passengers injured, 56 ; servants of the road killed, 151 ; injured, 267 ; others killed, 160 • others injured, 118. That is, one passenger, out of every 224,483 was either killed or injured. The whole number of the' killed and injured was 192 less than in 1865. The railroad statistics of New York and Massachusetts show that one passenger out of every 284,377 carried during 1866 was either killed or injured. The comparison is unfa vourable to Pennsylvania. Contrasting this with Massachusetts, we find that in 1867 that State had 1,849 miles in operation, which had cost in construc tion and equipment $95,046,319. The passengers carried were 23,660,401, of whom 14 were killed, out of 9,838 men employed ; exclusive of those en gaged in construction, 41 were killed, and the same number of the public while crossing, or walking, or lying on the way. The gross receipts were $21,561,060, working expenses $15,111,047, leav ing nett earnings $6,450,013, of which $4,665,517 were paid in dividends. Independent of the steam lines, there are in Massachusetts 143 miles of horse railroads, with 388 cars, in which were carried during 1867, 27,718,777 passengers. The last report for New York State is for the year ending Sept. 30, 1867, from Mr. Barnes, the late deputy State Engineer and Surveyor. The length of roads in miles is 3,663, of roads laid 2,948, constructed at a cost, including equipment, of $182,015,749. The total earnings were $49,661,572. The transportation expenses were $35,874,173. The number of pas sengers carried was 17,377,465, of whom 13 were killed and 70 injured. The employe's killed were 67 and injured 65. It appears to have been the outside public, however, who suffered most, probably from crossing unfenced lines, as 95 were killed and 68 injured, making a total of 175 killed-203 injured. Chicago shows the most striking advance, due mainly to the operation of railroads. In 1850 there were but two lines having 95 miles in operation in the rich State of Illinois; now there are 25 distinct roads which connect Chicago with all parts of America. In the former year Chicago's only rail road was a track of 40 miles laid with strap rail. Two years later the population was 38,783 ' • now it is estimated at a quarter of a million, and the twelve lines that centre in the city earned $49,000,000. The projected lines show that immense as have been the results secured, they are but the beginning of railway enterprise in Chicago. One road will extend northwards through the pine forests of Wis consin, another connecting the city with St. Paul will penetrate into the Red River country, joining the Northern Pacific Railroad through Dacotah, Montana, Idaho, and Oregon. A bridge, at an estimated cost of $2,600,000 will span the Missis sippi at Omaha, and three lines will connect that point with Chicago. Omaha is the starting point of the Union Pacific Railroad, which has already reached the most elevated level on the Rocky Mountains, the eastern barrier, and penetrated through.the Sierra Nevada, the barrier of the West. The Mississippi is touched at ten points by roads from Chicago, at five of which bridges are either built or building. The Kansas route to the Pacific will be connected with the city by lines crossing Northern Missouri ; and it is.now settled that that route is to be carried through New Mexico, Ari zona, and Southern California. Of course, in in terest there are no lines in the United States that can compare with those intended to connect the Atlantic with the Pacific. They are, beyond all question, the most stupendous works in the world ; and on completion they can scarcely fail to revolu tionize the direction of travel. In 1866 the greatest lines were the Illinois Central, running over 708 miles, at a cost of $28,610,000 ; the New York Central, 555 miles, cost $32,740,000 ; Erie, 528 miles, $39,328,000 ; Atlantic and Great Western, 507 miles, $47,000,00 0 ; Mobile and Ohio, 482 miles, $14,484,000; Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne, and Chicago, 467 m iles, $18,891,000 ; Chicago, Peora, 400 miles, $39,270,000 ; Pennsylvania, Central (Columbia Div.), 359 miles, $26,058,000, Ste. The returns, given up to September, 1865, show 593 railway companies, of which Pennsyl vania possessed 85; Massachusetts, 46: New York, 44 ; Ohio, 29 ; Illinois, 28 ; New Jersey, 26 ; Indiana, 23 ; and the Southern States, 101. In the following year the total mileage was 35,487 miles, and constructing and completed was 51,270, at a cost of $1,388,554,9 68 . The length of lines in America is calculated by the single track, and therefore the comparison with miles in operation there, and in other countries where the track is double, gives an incorrect impression. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. THE PACIFIC RAILROAD LANDS.—The President has approved and signed the bill that nothing in the Act approved July 1, 1862, entitled an " Act to aid in the construction of a railroad and telegraph line from the Missouri River to the Pacific Ocean, and to the Government the use of the same - for postal - , military, and other purposes, and the Act amendatory thereof, shall be held to authorize the withdrawal or exclusion from settlement and entry under the privileges of the pre-emption or home stead laws, the even-numbered sections along the routes of the several roads therein mentioned which has been or may be hereafter located ; provided that such sections shall be rated at two dollars and fifty cents per acre, and subject only to entry under these laws and the Secretary of the Interior is hereby authorized and directed to restore to homestead settlers pre-emption or entry accord ing to the existing laws. on all the even-num bered sections of land belonging to the Govern ment, and now withdrawn from market, on both sides of the Pr.eific Railroad and its brancheg, where ever said road and its branches have been definitely located. TIIE CENTRA.I. PACIFIC RAILROAD COMPANY.—By telegram front San Francisco we learn that it is confidently asserted there that this company have bought the San Jose, Southern Pacific, Western Pacific Valley and Sacramento Railroads. The transfer of the San Jose and Southern Pacific is to be made within two years. The purchase of the latter roads gives the Central Pacific Railroad Com pany entire control of all the railroads in California, they having previously obtained possession of the Sacramento Valley and Marysville Roads. The Cen tral Company have declined to locate a terminus at Oakland, and an agreement to that effect has been reduced to writing between the company and the Oakland authorities. It is also substantially agreed upon that another terminus shall be located at San Francisco. CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROAD BONDS (FIRST MORTGAGE).—A very large amount of this loan has already been placed among permanent holders, and the investment demand continues undiminished. These bonds are a first lien on one of the most pro ductive and important railroads in the country-- which enjoys special subsidies from the Government —and are therefore entitled to rank among the very best standard obligations. They bear six per cent. per annum, both principal and interest being ex pressly made payable in gold. The Wall-street Journal says—" The Express Companies are steadily getting their affairs in order by closing all the superfluous offices and leaving a single company on the various routes. The office of the Merchants' Union Express Company in Hart ford was closed for business on Saturday last, leav ing the field in that city to the Adams Company, who will continue as heretofore. The Adams Com pany relinquishes the Shore Line Road to the Mer chants' Union for local and through business be tween Boston and New York, with the exception of the New Yolk and New Haven Road, which id retained by both for through business, the local business on the road being controlled by the Adams. The Merchants' Union will wholly relinquish the Housatonic, Naugatuck, Hartford and New Haven, and Hartford, Providence, and Fishkill Railroads. The American Company gives up its whole local business in the East, retaining Boston as an office for freight for all the West. These changes are made in pursuance of arrangements effected some time since, by which, although nominally distinct, the interests of the two companies are made iden tical, and their expenses will be diminished thereby. Hereafter the Adams Express Company will run over the Cincinnati and Zanesville Road; the Illi nois Central, South from Odin, the Panhandle route to New York, the Central Ohio, the Ohio and Mississippi and Kentucky Central Roads, for way and through business, and the Little Miami for through business only, Louisville, Frankfort and Lexington, Louisville and Nashvile, and con tinue their all-rail route to Louisville and Evans ville and Madison. They also remain temporarily on the Indianapolis and Cincinnati. The United States Express Company will withdraw from the Dayton and Michigan Road for local business, but run it for through. This company will run the Atlantic and Great Western and Connersville and Indiana polis Junction Roads exclusively, and will do the local business on the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton road. The American Express Company will do the local and through business on the Little Miami, and will run the Whitewater Valley Road exclusively. The Merchants' Union Express Company will with draw from the Little Miami and Cincinnati, Hamil ton, and Dayton Roads for local business, running over these roads for through business only ; with draw entirely from the Connersville and Indiana polis, and Whitewater Valley Roads, and will run exclusively the Indianapolis and Cincinnati Road. The Hamden Express will continue to run the Marietta and Cincinnati Road. COURSE OF EXCHANGE—Last Evening. Amsterdam Short ... 11 18 ... 11 18/ Ditto - • Rotterdam ...•• 11 191 ... 12 i Antwerp — ... 25 35 ... 25 40 .d rissels Ilamburgh ... 13 n ... 13 10} Paris Short ... 25 15 ... 25 25 Ditto 3 Ms. ... 2 ) 321 ... 25 371 Marseilles ... ... 25 321 ... 25 371 Frankfort-on-the-Main ... ... 1201 ... 120/ Vienna — ... 11 73 ... 11 85 Trieste — ... 11 75 ... 11 85 Petersburg — ... 32 ... 821 Berlin ... ... 6 264 ... 6 271 Madrid — ... 481 ... 481 Cadiz Leghorn — ... 28 2J ... 28 80 Milan Genoa — ... 28 20 ... 28 80 Naples Palermo — ... 28 2.0 ... 28 80 Messina...... Lisbon Oporto Foreign Mail Packet List, MAILS DUE. Australia and New Zealand, via Sonthanytoa.....April 25, Ditto, via Marseilles .............April 9. Ditto, via Panama .... ...April 23. Brazil, Buenos Ayres, and Monte Video .... A.-dill 6. Ditto, by Frenoh paokot .. April 22. Cape Verde. by Brazil packet • ..... . April 6. Cape of Good Hope. Asoension. and St. Helena.... April 12. China, Penang. and Singapore, via Southampton.. April It. Ditto, via Marseilles. ...... April 5. Falkland Islands ...... April 6. Gibraltar, via Southampton .. April 4.. India, via Southampton . ....A pril 4. Ditto, via Marseilles Malta, Egypt, &o. April; —. Ditto, Marseilles April, —. Mauritius, Cape of Good Hope, and Natal, via Southampton Ditto, Marseilles , April 18 Newfoundla hd ...... ....... ..... April 8 Portugal .... April 6 Ditto, by priv Ms ship to Oporto ... Ditto r itto to Lisbon United States, lanada, California, &0., by British packet Ditto, by I_ cited Btates packet Ditto ditto 'New York) Ditto ditto 'New York) Ditto ditto (Baltimore) . . Ditto, by Canadian packet April 3. West Coast of Africa, Madeira, and Teneriffe April IS, West Indies and Pazilic (except Mexico and Baha mas) Cubi and Mexico April 28. B%haatas, via New Y -- Bermuda. via Halifax . .. .• April 8. Births. GASKELL—On the 29th ult., at Fulmer, the wife of Major W. P. Gaskell, 24th Regiment, of a son. LYALL—On the 30th ult., at 26, Hertford-street, Mayfair, the wife of George Lyall, Esq., of a daughter. STEWART —On the 30th ult., at the Castlo, Dublin, Lady Stewart, of a son. Marriages. ADAMS— FAVIELL—On the 28th ult., at St. James's Church, Piccadilly, Albert T. Adams, of Doncaster, to Isabel A. Faviell, only child of Jeremiah B. Faviell, of Stockeld Park, Wetherby, Yorkshire. NIX—STIDOLPH—On the 30th ult., at St. Paul's, Green wich, Samuel Dyer, oldest son of Samuel Nix, Esq., of Westhill, Wandsworth, to Elizabeth Mary, youngest daughter of Wm. Sadolph, Esq., of Greenwich. Deaths. BADELEY—On the 29th ult., Edward Badeley, Esq., of the Inner Temple, barrister-at-law. CLARANCE—On the 27th ult., at Stoke Newington, John Clarance, Esq., of H, Billiter-street, City, aged 70. DEMPSTER —0 n the 30th ult., at Sandgate, J. S. Dempster, Esq., of Falkland Villa, Teaswortb, Oxon, aged 74. Fixcil —On the 28th ult., at Winchester-street, Salisbury, John Finch, Esq, aged 84. JESSE —On the 28th ult., at Brighton, Edward Jesse, Esq., J.P. for Middlesex and Westminster, and formerly Sur veyor of Royal Parks and Palaces, aged 89. WEISHAUPT —On the 28th ult., at 42, Gordon-square, Wm. Weishaupt, E q., aged 71. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREWS , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tali Sox 001ce, No 172, Strand, in the Precinct of the Ss voy, in the Coo ity o f Middlesex.—Wednesday, April 1, 1868. Londul LIINI Higl &c. 1 GENT C On n Pan. tc ~~1 This Prize It is ] - - Sold the Age Obsel han's L Gtr Imm A. G. the gr /-GNES ettniqi the gre and ie, Bulb ( Full the GIN The missia Royal ackn 10 anti Spec J. G. F Peneul Petit B . N. 8.- Will lay will si hall) ca B L Spec on his ,tiff A PI added t Admi 6d. eat Open AR This 1 having by Mee, for the Solo Cc QTU h.. 7 P vented RYGIEI ages. gestion comma health braces street,) Ftn number or unfu hoods o square. 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