The Sun. — London, England, 1868-11-23 00:00:00

SPIRIT OP THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. The Times remarks that the new Parliament is now 'virtually constituted, and the first conclusion to be drawn from the results may be presented as a startling paradox. Nothing would be easier than to argue, or apparently to prove, from the character of the House elected under the Reform Bill, that the Reform Bill was entirely unneces sary. The new system of household suffrage was ex pected to send us new men as representatives of the people. It was on this presumption that Par liamentaty Reform was advocated. The " questions " which a Reformed Parliament might entertain and resolve were elaborately stated and discussed before hand. They were of a nature which legislators of the old stamp could never, it was held, be induced to recognise, and which, required, therefore, representatives of a new temper altogether. Mr. Bright himself, in a speech which acquired exceptional notoriety from the ambiguity of its purport, declared that what he wanted to see done with the land, whatever that might have been, could be done only by such a Parliament as a new class of electors Fould send to Westminster. In fact, it was not for the mere purpose of enfranchising the million that the agita tiorf for Reform was maintained, but in the hope that a Reformed Parliament would be so com posed as to admit of extraordinary innova tions upon the old institutions of the country. At first sight it is not too much to say that whatever may pe done by the new House might under similar conditions have been done by the House just dissolved. Of course the new Parliament will raise a Liberal Ministry to power and disestablish the Irish Church, but the old Par liament, be it remembered, were perfectly prepared to do the same. Nobody can now pretend or declare that things would be different if this or that class had its rightful voice in the affairs of the country. The suffrage has been carried, we may say, to its utmost possible extent, for it is hardly conceivable that any further addition to the electoral bodies could produce any practical effect. Reformers may still demand the Ballot or a redistribu tion of seats, but as far as regards the franchise there is pothing further to be anticipated ; nor does it, indeed, appear probable that any changes still to come would modify the substantial character of the House of Commons. If Parliament, as now constituted, should refuse to enter tain certain questions or to sanction certain social innova tions, it will be because such measures are repugnant to the sense of the country, truly and fairly ascertained. •• According to the Post, the change in our representative system has failed to justify many apprehensions, as well as to realise some expectations. The members returned are men with a stake in the country. The distribution of parties may, after all, depend on the judgment and discre tion which are exercised in leading the new House of Commons. There are currents as well as tides in political affairs, and all that can be said at present is that if the Liberal leaders are content to stand on measures of practical improvement, and to oppose mere theoretical innovations, those who are not with them will not be against them. What is more, too, the modera tion which binds up a majority may recommend itself to the great body of the community. The country has, with good reason, made up its mind that a truly Liberal policy is a truly Conservative policy. Even Protestants of Pro testants cannot but perceive that the Liberal policy with reference to the Irish Church is the alternative of a policy still more distasteful to them. The Morning Summary holds that the new House will not be a bad one. The ultra-Radicals are nowhere. The Pressure from without may be great on Liberal members, but this Parliament will not last long. On the use the Conservatives make of its short life depends the future of the country. They have seen that the working men are with them ; while the shopkeepers in small towns alone sustain the Liberal cause. Mere party organisation has miserably failed. Whenever the people have taken up Conservatism themselves it bas succeeded. Let the registration be well looked after; let Conservatives of all classes keep up that mutual good will which has been fostered at election times ; let Conservative tradesmen and working men be encouraged in preference to Radicals; let political clubs be formed ; political reunions be held in every constituency ; and when next the House of Lords intervenes to prevent revolution and anarchy, the verdict from the boroughs will, we are convinced, show that the people of England are not willing to have their time honoured institutions destroyed at the dictation either of the Liberation Society or the Vatican. The Standard fears that those who should seek in Mr. Disraeli's speech for evidences of his penitential state and contrite spirit are likely to be disappointed. Nothing more unlike an appeal for mercy ever emanated from a statesman than this address to the electors of Buckingham shire. In the first place, Mr. Disraeli could hardly plead before the court is formed. In the next place, he was speaking to the electors of Buckinghamshire as their representative of twenty years. lie could confess no defeat, as he had sustained none. He could not demur to a verdict before it had been pronounced. No one knows better than Mr. Disraeli his weakness and his strength. No one is less likely to be guilty of any self.deception in regard to the basis of his power. He must have known, at least as well as any of his critics, what were the grounds of his reliance upon the opinion of the country. He has learnt nothing since the commence. ment of these elections to make him despair of his cause— nothing which should make him plead for mercy. lie is the last man in the world to abandon his cause at the moment of learning the strength of the enemy. He would not be where he is now had he been one given to despair at every reverse. He cannot forget that he became the leader of the House of Commons just twelve months after that House had been elected, by a majority which his enemies claimed to be ninety-three, pledged to support the Liberal cause. What is there in the present aspect of affairs more unpromising for Mr. Disraeli than in July 155? As the Times itself reminds us, Mr. Disraeli is still First Minister of the Crown, still the leader of a great party. It has yet to be proved that he is unworthy of the one place ; it can never happen that, while living, he will lose the other. The general election is only half over. The battle is not lost till it is won. Even in spite of some early reverses, and allowing that the Conservative minority is not to be turned into a majority, it is still the duty of the leader of his party to carry himself as though his final victory were possible. There is nothing whatever in Mr. Disraeli's speech to warrant the assumption either that be is praying for mercy or that his political dissolution is near. It is only ' a vulgar trick to pretend to the contrary— a trick whose hollowness and impudence are sufficiently exposed in Mr. I Disraeli's calm, deliberate, and impartial review of the political situation — a speech which is in most 'striking contrast to the impatient, petulant, and passionate harangues of his chief adversary. The Didly News says the people of the United Kingdom I . nave not merely ratified the principles laid down by Mr. Gladstone. The elections mean something more than this. They designate Mr. Gladstone as the future Chief Minister of the United Kingdom. They are a vote of confidence in him personally. An Administration of which he should merely ben member, in which he should occupy the place that he filled in the Governments of Lords Aberdeen, Palmerston, and Russell, would not correspond with the demands of the people. They desire an Administration of which he shall be the head, an Administration constructed by him and directed by him. Mr. Gladstone, however, is not content with being member for all England unless he be member for South-west Lancashire too. The strength of local attachment and the clinging to early associations, which have been touchingly betrayed in many of the speeches which he has made during his candidature, were once more forcibly expressed in his speech at the nomination. The home feeling which leads a man to desire to close his political life 'where his natural life began ought to meet a response among the people who are the objects of it. Mr. Glad stone is one of the glories o f L ancas hi re. H e con f ers more honour on it than it can give him. It owes more t him than it can repay. The Telegraph has a leader upon Mr. Gladstone's " Chapter of Biography." One day Peel announced to his young colleague that he meant to propose the remodel ling and increasing of the Maynooth Grant. 'That inti mation gave the first blow to Mr. Gladstone's political convictions. . At last he found the whole country had drifted hopelessly away from his position. Even the highest and driest of the Tory party did not dare to subscribe the doctrine that, having a conscience, the State must teach a religion, and teach but one religion, whether that one were Romanism, Anglicanism, Presbyterianism, Brahminism, Bhuddism, or Paganism. Thus left alone, Mr. Gladstone reviewed his main argument, and at last he saw "how untenable was the doctrine which had been riddled - by Macaulay's shot. On the 4th February, 1845, Mr. Gladstone uttered the last con fession of his old creed. "From that day forward, I have never, to my knowledge, said one word, in public or in private, which could pledge me on principle to the maintenance of the Irish Church." With reference to the letter to Dr. Hannah, when he wrote it he had been in the House of Commons for thirty-three years ; with twc exceptions, there was not a single man in Parliament who had completed his fortieth yea: of equally laborious work ; to the grave Mr. Gladstone had followed the re mains of " almost all the friends abreast of whom he had started from the university in the career of public life;" and hence he had ro right "to reckon for himself on an exemption from the lot of greater and better men ;" he bad no right to anticipate that he would live until the policy of disestablishing the Irish Church should enter the list of public questions. The English people trust that Mr. Gladstone will live, not only to settle that question, but to settle a crowd of other great questions whic4 etand on the threshold of Reform. 211:R. REVERDY JOHNSCcY AT BRIGHTON. Mr. d onnson, tne American Minister, Las again neen saying sweet things and pleasant to the people of Brighton. He was entertained at a banquet on Saturday evening. He declared that he had replied to so many compliments that he had not the words to reply to more. After con gratulating Brighton on the position it had taken on many American subjects, he went on to announce again the settlement of all disputes between this country and his own. After speaking of the two other questions, he took up the Alabama claims:—" Those claims almost made me wish we never had a State called by that name. There were two questions involved in the point. The first was the right of your Government to recognise, at the early period they did, the Southern Confederation as belligerent. The second was, if the Confederation were belligerent, did your Government exercise due and proper vigilance, as neutrals, to guard against your citizens or otters violating the obligations of your neutrality ? If either is decided in favour of the United States, I know, and every thing I have seen and heard since I came to England assures me, that no people in either country will I e more satisfied than the people of England. If it is settled in favour of your Government, I know the honour of icy own people so well as to be satisfied that they, too, will be contented. But, I say this in friendship—l have hinted it to Lord Stanley, that if I wasa British statesman and had the power exclusively in my own hand, I would pay every dollar of the Alabama claims et once ; because the principle which will be established if there is no such payment will be a principle which in the future may operate most injuriously, and, in regard to com merce, most fatally to England. In case of war between your country and any other, every sea being covered by your commerce, the wealth almost of the world being carried under your flag, you would be open to the opera tion of any freebooter who might receive a commission from any neutral nation, and then your loss, I mean the loss in money—l will not say in character, for your character you can never lose—the loss in money will quadruple what you would lose if you paid every dollar of the claims known as the Alabama claims. You have a question here about disestablishment, with which, of course, it is not my province to deal. But we have dis established an establishment which our common ancestry founded in America, and we have disendowed it, too, of an endowment granted by the same common ancestors. We have done away with the establishment of slavery. We have disendowed it of the only endowment ever granted it, and for which our common fathers are equally responsible. We have made the negroes to he as God and nature—if we are permitted at all to indulge in scrutinising the purposes of God and nature—intended they should be—Christians. Your Premier, Mr. Mayor, whom I knew long ago by reading a portion of what, perhaps, he now wishes he had never given his pen to—but which, perhaps, will live longer than statesmanship—in a speech delivered the other day, admirable in its tone, felicitous in its language, patriotic in its spirit, ventured to say—he had indulged, I think, altogether his powers of imagination— that the Englishman had more liberty than the native of any country in the world. If my right hon. friend will honour the United States by paying them a visit, he will see, the first moment he lands on our shores—and if he doubts it then, will become more and more assured of it during every day of his residence—that perhaps there are no people in the world who have more liberty than the people of the United States ; and if he can say that the people of England enjoy more liberty, all I have to say is this, that the sooner it is taken away from them the better. Others not only have liberty, but they take all sorts of liberties with all sorts of people." The Hon. R. JOHNSON subsequently proposed " The tlayor and Corporation of Brighton." He had deemed the naming of George Peabody in his previous speech unnecessary ; but as his friend had been named, he would say that the name of George Peabody was deeply engraven on every English and American heart, and will be from age to age engraven on the hearts of all who axe to follow. For princely munificence, for the liberal disposition of his wealth earned by laborious industry and by wise and dis creet conduct, he stands almost without a parallel in the annals of benevolence, and so long as time shall last the benefit of his munificence will be felt in this country and in America. FUNERAL OF ROSSINI. The Paris correspondent of the Daily News gives some ,earticulars of Rossini's funeral. "A cold, damp, gloomy day," he says, " did not check the ardour of the crowds who flocked to Rossini's funeral. Among the envied holders of tickets for the interior of the Trinit6 Church many ladies were seen shivering in the precincts for two hours before the doors opened. It required a very large military and police force to clear the way for the funeral procession from the Madeleine to the Trinite, and to prevent the populace from blocking up the approaches to the latter church. On the foot pave. ment of the Chausse d'Autin, and in those parts of the Rue St. Lazare and the Rue de Clichy which afford even a distant view of the Trinit6, closely-packed crowds of the humbler classes stood patiently within the limits assigned to them, and not only waited long to see the coffin carried into the church, but kept their standing ground till it came out again two hours later. The Trinit6, which has only very recently been finished, is by far the prettiest new church in Paris, and com paratively few people have yet seen the interior. I think Rossini's obsequies should have been solemnised in Notre Dame, but I know of no private church in this capital better suited to the purpose. The Madeleine would have held more people, but the glare of light and the meretricious carving and gilding there jar with funeral rites, as I remember having an opportunity of observing when the great mass was performed for the soul of Cavour. The Trinit6, a building in the style which may be called modern Gothic, is exquisitely well proportioned. The decorations consist of sober but graceful frescoes. The true " dim religious light " filters through very beautiful stained glass windows, not too darkly stained, and the experience of to•ciay shews that in acoustic properties it leaves nothing to be desired. A few minutes after the opening of the doors, not a seat (unreserved for great personages, the friends of ;be family, or the artistes engaged) was left vacant, and those who came so late as half an hour earlier than the hour mentioned in the invitation (twelve o'clock) were glad to find standing room. All the familiar faces of the habitues of the French and Italian Operas were there. The Institute of France came in a body in their academic dress. Chevalier Nigra, with all the attaches of the Italian Legation, appeared in uniform. No regulations were made about toilettes, and most properly, for had mourning been insisted on, not a fourth of the ladies invited would have gone, and the church would not have been filled. In the Madeleine roses and green ribands in bonnets would have looked much out of keeping, but in the mild light of the Trinit6 they did not spoil the general effect. When the coffin appeared in the nave it was found to be com pletely covered with flowers, evergreens, and decorations. At the head was a velvet cushion, on which were laid the numerous orders of the deceased. At the foot was an im mense bouquet of Parma violets sent from Nice. The intermediate space was filled up by large laurel wreaths, one of which was thickly interspersed with choice flowers. Just as the coffin was being carried from the entrance portal to the catafalque in front of the high altar, a handsome crown of gilt leaves was placed upon the cushion among the decorations. A guard of honour of the 51st Regiment lined the nave, the deceased being, as a grand officer of the Legion of Honour, entitled to military honours in France. Although the majority of the spectators had come to see a spectacle, and although there were laughing and talking in groups, many had evidently solemn thoughts befitting the occasion. It seemed to me that all the pomp, pompa more tercet, was more sad and affecting in its contrast between dust and earthly vanity than the simplest pauper's funeral. The duet from Pergolese's Stabat,' by Alboni and Patti, was the gem of the musical mass." DR. OR MR.—A rather ludicrous incident took place in reference to an election in England. Some one declined to allow that a candidate who was LL.D. had the right to call himself doctor. In Scotland Mr. Swinton, LL.D., repudiates the doctorship, and is hard upon his opponent, Professor Ph; yfair, who is also LL.D., for using it. Will some one in authority say whether a doctor of laws is to be addressed as Dr. or Mr. ? His right seems to us as clear as that of a D.D., but perhaps the universities who dub men doctor will give judgment.— Medical Press. MORE FORGERIES ON THE BANK OF RUSSIA.— At Lemberg the police have just arrested fourteen persons ' charged with forging notes of the Bank of Russia. For a long time past numbers of these, of the value of 100 roubles (4f. each), have been in circulation, and two detec tives have been occupied in tracing them. At last the persons engaged in their production and distribution hare been discovered and taken into custody. Amongst the prisoners are some men bo'ding positions far above suspicion, such as a landowner, a watchmaker in a large way of business, and several Jewish merchants. THE YORKSHIRE STATUTE FAIRS.— The second week of these gatherings —so popular with the servants, but so rightly condemned by the clergy and the leading farmers— was terminated on Saturday, when the agricul tural and domestic servants, assembled in hundreds at Halton. The result of the fortnight has been to shew that, although domestic servants receive wages about equal to last year, the farmers, owing to the forward state of tillage and the lesser herds of stock kept, have the whip kand, and all who change places seem likely to change for the worse, lower wages having to be submitted to. Owing to the slackness of the hirings hitherto, the annual fair on Saturday next is expectel to be more largely attended thafl for many yegth ' THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 23, 1868. TEE LADY ELIZABETH SCANDAL. A. conteMpOrary says : "Nobody, vie — suppose; ever Seriously believed that the case of Day v. Rous would be brought into court. The announcement in Land and Water of the b.bandonnieht of the snit is only what was expected ; but the reason assigned is ' somewhat surprising. The plaintiff,' it is said, out of respect to the late Marquis of Hastings, is not willing to take 'up certain past events in connection with the unfortunate case.' There is only one construction to be put on this sentence. It can have no other meaning than that the trial would inevitably lead to disclosures discreditable to the late marquis, and that Mr. Day prefers to allow himself to be libelled without punishing the libeller, rather than permit revelations to be made affecting his patron's honoUr. In regard to this excuse for withdrawing the action, if it be really put for- ward by Mr. Day, we have only two observations to make. First, that Mr. Day does himself by these insinuations fasten on the reputation of the marquis the very stigma he professes himself so chivalrously anxious to avert, so that no further harm would be done in that respect, even if the insinuations were made good in open court. And, second, that we cannot conceive how the friends and relatives of the late marquis can permit such a slur upon his memory to pass without notice." SUPPOSED ASSASSINATION OF CAPTAIN KING. 3 A correspondent of the Dublin Evening Mail, writing from Sligo, says :—" The general excitement has prevented reliable information being gleaned as to the circumstances of the death of Captain King, but from what I was able to learn within ten minutes of the occurrence it appears that he and his nephew, Captain Webber, accompanied by Captain Jones, Harper Camp bell, Esq., and another gentleman, were proceeding, a few minutes before eight o'clock a.m., up Jail. street to the courthouse, when they were met by a violent mob in the interest of Captain Flanagan, at the corner of Castle street, and Captain King and his nephew were knocked down, Captain Jones and Mr. Campbell, who were in advance, getting off with nothing worse than the blows pf a few sticks on the head. In the course of the struggle Captain King managed to gain his feet, Captain Webber being still on the ground, when the report of a pistol shot was heard, and Captain King fell dead into the arms of a stranger in the crowd, shot through the heart. It is asserted by the friends of Captain Flanagan that either Captain King or Captain Webber had a revolver which was presented at their assailants, which was struck up by one of them, when it went off ; but, on the other hand, I regret to say that a vast number believe that the shot was not the result of accident. The deceased, though a very i'''mminent sl, nrter of Major Knox, and an earnest politician, tvas a keiatteinan sally esteemed. He was a nephew of the late Lord Lefton, was himself a gentleman of considerable property, and I regret to say, leaves a widow—his second wife---S4 fourteen children surviving." FOREIGN NOTES, INDIA. The march back from Hazara hat been accomplished without meeting with a single trace of the enemy. The Times of India considers this is a very significant symptom. The usual practice of these tribes, after being beaten, is to hang on the rear of a column, cut off stragglers, wave flags, beat drums, and make pretence that they have won the victory. There was none of this on the present occasion; the Hussunzyes were only too glad to get out of the way, and to keep out of it. The lesson they have received must have been severe. Of course there is lamentation in the British camp ; the campaign has not been low enough. The little news of the famine is not favourable. Emigra tion from the independent and semi-independent States still continues, the population of whole villages and districts flocking into British territory where they have heard there is food. In other parts of the country which are not famine-stricken the crops have been deficient, and much distress must be apprehended. The Indian Government has caused great dissatisfaction by issuing an order which altogether alters the tenour of the fair and liberal furlough rules published in Jone. One of these rules provided that the total amount of fur lough allowed to an officer during his term of service should not exceed eight years, previous leave on private affairs being deducted. The Government has now ordered that absence on sick certificate should also be deducted. It has been previously understood that absence on sick certificate should not count against the furlough period. were true. No Asiatic country has attained to the knowledge that a good treaty is that equally bene ficial to both contracting parties. • With them it means something gained for themselves, something screwed from their neighbours. It cannot be ex pected that Chinese editors can be up to Mr. Bun- LINGAME'S point ; indeed this is a truth only now being recognized in Europe. His Excellency must have been aware when he accepted the anomalous position that he would be suspected alike in Asia and in Europe ; and if he made a treaty dictated by the angel GABRIEL still he would satisfy none. He has to bear patiently, to do hisbest, and to wait, knowing that almost under any circumstances be cannot fail to do good. Indeed JOHN BULL'S pig headedness was the only thing he had really to dread, for if a mission which must have been costly to a Government not yet initiated into the means of drawing the largest revenue out of the inhabi tants bad been contemptuously rejected—there must have been a curling up at Peking—a retiring into the old shell—a subsidence behind the China wall of exclusiveness. We know to what tliat led, for England paid millions upon millions, and fought three wars to get into personal communication with the Imperial Government; and it would be some thing worse than inconsistent if, when that Govern ment voluntarily sent its Representative to Lon don to extend the policy for which the British had fought and paid, that he should be saluted with a slap in the face ! The Chinese would naturally con clude that these men are hypocrites or fools ; that they have some unfathomable designs against the Empire, or that they are idiots not worth culti vating. This was Mr. BURLINGAME'S danger, and at first, we dare say, he felt he had realized it ; but tow it is happily passed. He may make a note of the fact, and so may America, that, it was the organs of the Liberal party in England which opened the attack, and did all they could to poison the heart of the nation. We have a curious in ' stance of Chinese ignorance in the late attack on the missionaries at Chin-Keang, whose houses were burnt by a mob of some 10,000 Chinese, who at tempted to burn the inmates as well, under a frenzy excited by the report that the missionaries boiled up children to be used as . medicine. If Mr. BUR LINGAME has to fight against ignorance on the one side so dense, as well as the prejudice deliberately excited by the Liberal papers on the other side, his I task has certainly not been easy. A short time ago the Patrie announced that the Embassy would proceed to Paris in January to propose the opening of foreign commercial ports in the interior waters of China, to have European Consuls iu all the great cities of the Empire, and to send Chinese Consuls to the principal cities of Europe. HIS EXCELLENCY .REVERDY JOHNSON. His Excellency the American Minister, now a guest of George Peabody at Brighton, has been invited with his host to a public banquet by the municipal authorities of the town, which both have accepted, Mr. Peabody as an exception to a general rule he has laid down. The opinion expressed in America is strongly adverse to the re ception given by Mr. Johnson to Mr. Laird. It seems to have been felt with great bitterness on the other side of the Atlantic, .and many letters from Americans on this side have been published in strong condemnation. When an extra penny has been added to the income-tax to pay for the depre dations of the Alabama it is probable that Mr. Laird may be made to feel what his countrymen now think of him, but nothing would come so home to the shipbuilder as having to pay a cool hundred thou sand of the sum himself. It is a pity that he who has worked such mischief should get off with so little loss. We will be surprised if the annoyance continues in the United States, considering that the object is so contemptible, while we feel that there is much cause for dissatisfaction in the way Mr. Johnson met a man so hateful to his countrymen. The London correspondent of the Tribune gives strong expression' to this feeling. At Brighton, however, and in company with an American so re - spected as Mr. Peabody, the Ambassador may dine in peace. Another invitation has been tendered to and accepted by Mr. Johnson to dine with cerl f ain London workmen at St. James's Hall, Reg street, on the Saturday following his Brighton dinner. The invitation is 'couched in these words —" We venture to ask this favour in order that we may tell your countrymen through you how much we esteem and love them, and how cordially we reciprocate the kind sentiments which on their behalf have fallen from you elsewhere. The cheers which in America greeted the announcement of the object of your - -mission to England have found a responsive echo ilz your hearts, and we wish for an opportunity to assure you that, as we have ever been, so we shall for ever continue to be, the faith, ful friends of the American Government and people." In accepting it Mr. Johnson says, " The class to which they belong is the same everywhere, and their_ sentiments and political opinions must always be the same. These lead them necessarily to support Governments founded on principles of political liberty, and it was, not, therefore, at all surprising that those in England desired the-success of their friends in America in maintaining the free institutions of the United States." We regret again to differ from his Excellency. Working men are not the same everywhere, no more the same than any other men ; and instead of being the disciples of liberty they are sometimes pillars of despotism. That the labouring classes of America and England should sympathise is natural, and they will sympathize the more the better they know each other, and the more enlightened the workmen of England become. That the mechanics and handi craft men in London can thoroughly sympathize with a genuine American workman we readily be lieve, for there is much similarity ; and they have tendered to their American brethren a very grace ful compliment in this invitation to their represen tative. While on this subject it may be interesting to know something more of what the American press says. The National Intelligeneer has written an article which shows that the Washington Go vernment approve the conduct of their Minister. The President's organ is satisfied that all sensible and intelligent men in America will be gratified by the announcement of the pending satisfactory settle. ment of the international dispute, and it considers bis Excellency "fortunate in finding a Ministry ready to meet him more than half way, and to agree to everything just and reasonable that he demanded, if he only, by a courteous and amicable manner, would allow them to yield.". He has shown not merely_ordinary sense and good breeding, but the primary qualification of an envoy having the tact to see, and going straight to his object in a sensible and pleasant way, without losing temper or sacri ficing manners. " The Liverpool banquet was one given by the Chamber of commerce at Liverpool, in compliment to America and her Minister. Lord Stanley, of the Tory Ministry ; Mr. Gladstone, the great leader of the Liberals, and many public and local celebrities were present. Mr. Laird was also present, being a resident of Liverpool, one of her wealthiest and most prominent citizens, and a member of Parliament. Now, was Mr. Reverdy Johnson, in accepting the invitation, to inquire for a list of the guests who were to be present? The demand would have been quite unusual in good society ; a novelty in diplomatic circles that would have made him the laughing-stock of Europe. But suppose the list handed to him. Strike of Mr. Laird's name. Why? Because he built the Alabama. Strike off Mr. Gladstone's name. Why? Because he declared publicly that Jeff. Davis had " created a nation" —meaning the Confederacy. And so on ; but by this time the banquet would have been a dissolving vision, something very like the fast that mocked Sancho Panza when he undertook to perform the part of Governor of Barataria. This sort of thing, we have remarked, is unusual in diplomacy. We are not aware that it is customary anywhere. We do not believe such a theory as this would be put forward by any one accustomed to good society, or with proper ideas of good breeding. When gen tlemen meet at a dinner table they frequently dis agree as to their political or theological opinions. They may not like each other personally ; they may not even be on speaking terms on the street ; but it is not the mode for them to select that occasion for bending mai lookfi at each other, In fine, loyalty, patriotism, candour even, do not require a man to be a snob. If this new theory, however, be adopted, it will not operate very-pleasantly for some of the leaders of the Radical faction ; and there are other tests perhaps which may be applied equally fatal to the enjoyment of privileges, not less pleasant because in many cases they are very new. Doubtless in due time we shall have a new book entitled " Radical Prin ciples applied to dinners and Evening Parties;" but we much doubt if the book will be pirated across the Atlantic, or even quoted, except for a laugh." At the same time, we are bound to say that the sense of America, at least for the moment, is against the greeting extended by Mr. Johnson to the builder of the Alabama. Frank Leslie s :—" Mr. Reverdy Johnson, who, through the misguided friendship of an American Senate, misrepresents us in Great Britain, has accepted an invitation to a public din ner in Liverpool, to meet, among others, Mr. Laird, M.P., the builder of the Alabama, and one of our most virulent enemies. We suppose he will call him my friend,' as Ole did the foul-mouthed tra ducer and life-long hater of our country, Roebuck. Perhaps he may say of him, as he did of the noto rious Lord Wharncliffe, President of the Southern Association of blockade-runners and pirates, that his name ought to be dear to every American.'" The strongest proof of what we assert is in the view taken by the Albion, a paper which, through thick and thin, advocates English interests in America. In an article headed "Is he not over-doing it ?" it says—" Reluctant as we are to make the admis sion, we must own that his countrymen are not altogether unreasonable in taxing him with indis cretion, and in asserting that herein he had rather misrepresented than represented them. They do not stand precisely in the position of the Liverpool shipowners and traders, of whom—at the memor. able entertainment in that town—Mr. Johnson said that their wisdom, sense, and patriotism would cause them to forget the late past, ani look with confidence to the future.' Forget it ?—of course they would, and as speedily as possible, though candour might substitute their own interests in place of the motives so flatteringly attributed to them. They are not the sufferers by the cruisers of the Alabama. Their vessels were not burnt. Their commerce was not broken up. They have nothing to forgive, and could very well afford to forgive. It was not the same, however, with Mr. Johnson's fel low-citizens ; nor was it likely that they would be as prompt to applaud that gentleman's liberal utter ances as were the worthy buigesses who listened to them without the intervention of telegram and type. Mr. Johnson may indeed lead his country men up to these Waters of Oblivion ; but we greatly fear that he cannot compel them to drink thereof." Mr. Johnson's reply to the address voted him by the Mayor and Aldermen of Brighton was published yesterday, and bears out the article we published last week from the Times. The first cause of trouble was the Rights of Naturalized citizens, denied by English courts almost from .their origin, the opposite view being held by the United States, and generally entertained in continental Europe. This question is so settled that it cannot hereafter give trouble to either Government, and the Executives of each have approved ; the naturalized is placed on the same footing in all respects as the native citizen. "The second cause was as to the true run ning of one of the lines which divides your posses sions and'ours, as described in the treaty between us of 1846. This at one time rendered a war almost imminent. All danger from that source is removed by the second protocol, agreed to by his Lordship and myself, which also has the approval of the two Executives. The third and the only other cause of trouble originated during our late domestic war. From this have arisen most of the claims made by your citizens upon my Government, and my fellow-citizens upon yours ; the latter known by the general name of the ' Alabama claims.' The convention which we have recently agreed to (and which I have no doubt will be approved by both . Governments) provides that these are to be settled by a Board of four Commissioners, two to be appointed by each Government. In the event of their not deciding by a majority for or against any claim other than an Alabama one, the decision is to be made by an umpire chosen by themselves. In regard to the Alabama claims, the arrangement is somewhat different. Before these arc to be considered by the Commissioners the two Governments are to agree upon the head of some foreign Government as an arbitrator, by whom the decision as to the liability of your Government for such claims is to be made on the contingency that the Commissioners fail to come to a unanimous decision for or against it. This arbitrator, how ever, is to adjudge only the question of liability. If he rule that, question against your Government, the amount due to each claimant is to be ascer tained by a majority of the Commissioners. If he rule in favour of your Government, the claim is to be perpetually barred." This Mr. Johnson asserts to be a settlement so complete that it can never again be opened, leaving before the nations an un clouded prospect of enduring peace, with the mate rial, social, and political advantages certain to re sult—results hailed with satisfaction and delight by the people of both nations. After r e ce i v i ng the sanction of the Senate (which will without doubt be given, for Mr. Johnson has got all the United States really contended for), we hope hnd expect that what he anticipates will be realised, and in this he has given the best possible answer to his assailants in America.—Anglo-_American Times RAILWAY INTEL LIGENCE. A new railway is projected from London to Brighton, Sussex, England, on which it is contem plated-to run carriages upon a combination of the American and English systems, with a free pAssage throughout the length of the train, and smoking and refreshment rooms at either end. The Ameri can luggage system might at the same time be tried. The Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railway Company, though its President has entered a protest against any further payment of the tax levied by the Legislature of Delaware on travel, and its refusal, any longer to collect it from travellers crossing the State, those entering it from other States, or those leaving it for other States. It will be remembered that the United States Supreme Court last winter decided this per capita passenger tax by the States to be unconstitutional. The gross receipts of the Oil Creek and Alleg heny Railroad Company for the six months ending the Ist of October amounts to $920,000. Of this $348,591 is appropriated for operating the road, and $65,000 for construction and equipment, leav for the six months $506,509 for interest on bonded debt and dividends on stock. The company having no floating debt, contemplate, we learn, in future to divide their net earnings. The old Oil Creek Road used to divide 25 per cent. in dividends. The receipts for September reach $200,000, an ave rage of over two millions per annum. The location of the Des Moines Valley lowa Railroad is now completed northward thirty-three miles to Alton, Dallas County. The line passes four miles north-east a Adel, the county seat of that county. Contractors are pushing the work of the lowa and Minnesota Railroad from Des Moines to Ames,' - on the Chicago and North-Western Rail -road, with vigour. ERIE-RAILWAY EX rENSlON.—Parties in the inte rest of the Erie Railway Company are surveying a line of railway between their track in Buffalo and Niagara Falls, and we understand that the work of building the line is to be commenced immediately, the probability being that it will be opened for business early next summer. 'The new track will begin at a point near the Cattle Yards, and take a direct line to Niagara Falls, avoiding Black Rock, but touching Tonawanda. The route, as surveyed, is, we are informed, considerably shorter than the present line of the New York Central Railroad to the Falls. Trains on the new route will depart from the Erie depot on Exchange-street. This is a very important piece of work, not only for the Erie Com pany, but for the Great Western Railway of Canada and for Buffalo. It will give the Erie another route to Chicago, independent of its con nection with the Lake Shore line. It will give the Great Western another route to New York and the east, independent of its connection , with the New York, Central. It will give Buffalo the advantage of another route to the Falls, and will inevitably bring a great addition to its railway traffic in busi ness which has hitherto gone by the way of Sus pension -bridge and Dunkirk. It had been known for some time that the company were preparing to send the bulk of their through business by way of Buffalo instead of by Dunkirk as formerly. The great repair and construction shops, also, we are informed, which are located at Dunkirk, will soon be removed to Buffalo. Several hundred mechanics have already been transferred. The Erie Railway Company have a still more-important project in view, and one which, we believe, is to be consummated'at an early day. This is nothing less than laying a third rail the entire length of their track between New York and Buffalo. We arc in formed that this immense undertaking has passed beyond the point of consideration—the work having been resolved on, and the iron contracted for. The object, of course, is to secure for the Erie Railway an unbroken narrow gauge route from New York to Chicago, both by the Buffalo and South Shore route and by the Canada and North Shore route. The recent issue by the Erie Com pany of ten million dollars of convertible bonds, we believe, was to meet the expense involved in this third rail enterprise. The next important job which the company have resolved upon, we learn, is the construction of a magnificent new passenger depot in Buffalo, on the site of their present buildings, at the corner of Exchange and Michigan-streets, where the company have long required better accommo dation for their rapidly increasing passenger traffic. The building of the Niagara Falls branch, and the third rail addition, forbid a longer delay in the needed improvement. It is probable that the new passenger depot will be begun very soon, to be ready by the time the Niagara Falls branch is com pleted.--Buffa/o Commercial Advertiser. The Erie Railway now connects with Newburgh by a branch road from Greycourt, but a new road is to be built from Bamapo to a point adjacent, which will shorten the distance from New York city to Newburgh fully 13 miles. A new road is also to be constructed from Newburgh to Kingston, which will give the Erie Company important con nections with the middle and northern sections of New York State. A new railroad route between Chicago and the Mississippi, via the Illinois Central and the Toledo, Peoria and Warsaw Railroads, was formally opened on Thursday, October 29, by an excursion through train. This route is by the Illinois Central Rail road to Gilman, where, without change of cars, the traveller goes on the recently finished Toledo, Pe oria and Warsaw Railroads to Keokuk, lowa. The distance from Chicago to Keokuk by this route is 284. miles. In the matter of the Atlantic and Great Western Railway Company, which came before Vice-Chan cellor Giffard last Monday afternoon, all parties having consented to withdraw the various pending suits, a decree was granted sanctioning the carry ing out of the proposals of the new directors for a reorganisation of the company's affairs, -and the receiver for the debenture trust in England was duly authorised to take the necessary steps for the immediate removal of the receiver at present in control of the property in America. Massachusetts has one mile of railway to every six square miles of territory, Connecticut one to seven, Rhode Island one to eleven, New Hamp shire one to fourteen, Verragnt one to seventeen, while Maine bas one to every sixty-two square miles of territory. REVIVAL IN RAILROAD ENTERPRISES IN THE SOUTIL—The Lynchburgh. Virginian has the fol lowing in regard to the proposed railroad from Louisville, Kentucky, via Harrodsburgh, Virginia. —" The last rec3nnaisance made by Mr. Patton would indicate that the route by Round Gap is at tracting the attention of the Kentucky Company. This route would include the valley of the New River and connect the Kentucky Road with our Virginia and Tennessee Road at or near Central Depot, in Montgomery county. The practicability and utility of this route was very forcibly illus trated in a series of articles furnished to this paper last summer over the signatures of "New River," " Virginia," &c. It would furnish almost an air line from Louisville via Lynchburgh to Norfolk, avoiding the great detour via Cumberland Gap and Bristol, and develope a rich and productive country now wholly without railroads. It would be the nearest route for Louisville to the sea that could be opened, and would make our Soutbside line rail roads the great highway of commerce between the West and the East, and Norfolk the golden horn through which it would be poured. The Board of Directors of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company, at their last meeting in Richmond, Va., resolved that the Chief Engineer be authorized at once to make surveys and esti mates for connecting the Chesapeake and Ohio • Road with tide-water, and the York River Rail road by horse-power ; also estimates and plans for new depots at Richmond. The Governors of Illinois, lowa, Wisconsin, and Missouri, have called a convention to meet at Prairie du Chien on November 10th, to consider the subject of improving the Fox and Wisconsin Rivers and connecting the Mississippi River and Michigan by a canal. The following was the despatch sent by the Pre sident to General Rousseau, in reply to his request for further instructions in view of the extraordinary circumstances by which he was surrounded in the conflict of contending factions, and the inability of the Government to maintain order in Louisiana WASHINGTON, D. C., Oct. 31, 1868.—T0 Brevet Major - Gen. Lovell 11. Rousseau, Commanding the Departmen t of Louisiana, New Orleans. You are expected and autho rized to take all legitimate steps necessary and proper to prevent breaches of the peace or hostile collisions between citizens. Questions relating to the civil polity of the State must be left to the proper civil authorities for con" sideration and settlement. The object is to preserve peace, and restore civil government to the people, according to the principles laid down in the Constitution. You are re; ferred to instructions heretofore, which were deemed fill' and ample lot all just and lawful purposes. (Signed) ANDREW JOHNSON* [ADVARTISEMENT.]—Avoid Medicines: they always aggrar 3te chronic complaints: but Du Barry's delicious health-rostoring Revalenta Arabics, Food, which yields three times the nourish ment of the best meat, saves 50 times its cost in other remedie d and invariably restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sol d lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, and energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. w extract a few out of 68,000 cures ;—" The Pop3's health restore: by Du Barry's Food. Cure No. 68 413. "Rome, July 21, 1366 ' —The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially sineP abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entire to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabie,a Food, of which he consum e a plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly beilei ficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this exe lent food too highly." From the "Gazette du Midi, July 25 CI? : e r No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' live r complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nerve palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the most intolerable nervous agitation.." Cure No. 1,771; Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant of Waterford, of many Yea'" dyspepsia. No. 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribable agemy fro ° dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulen 6 o : spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly."—Cure , 46,270: Ms. James Roberts , of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 yen diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, 0 0 ,, partial deafness. Important Caution.—Beware of the raS tij t unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, witholl authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attache d In tins, at ls. 11d.; 1 lb., 2s. 9d. ; 2 lbs., 4s. 6d. ; 5 lbs., 11 5 ,... 12 lbs., 225. ; 241b5 . , 40s.—Also Du BARRY'S BEVALENTA. ARABILI CHOCOLATE POWDER is packed in tin canisters; For 12 cups 25., for 24 cups at 3s. 6d., for 48 cups at 65., for 288 cups at 3 ( l' for 576 cups at 555. Being about one penny per cup. The 3 ` - s and 555. tins are sent free of carriage in England on reeeli of Post Office Order.—BAßßY DU BARRY and CO., .NO. Regent-street, London and all Grocers and Chemists. SIGNIFICANT STATTSTICa, The calendar of cases of drunkenness and assault is haturally excessive during the license of electioneering days. According to the judicial statistics for the five years ended with September 1867, the total number of cases of what in the police returns comes under the class " drunk, and drunk and disorderly," and of #‘ assaults," amounted in England and Wales to the enormous figure of 1,000,000 nearly ; or precisely to an annual average of 103,640 separate cases. The persons charged with these offences were summarily proceeded against before the magistrates. Lord Palmerston's Par. liament was dissolved in July 1865, and the writs were returnable in the middle of the succeeding August ; conse quently the rioting of that interval should make its mark, if any mark were to be made, somewhere in the following figures : Number of Cases treated summarily by the MagistrateS during the Five Years ended with September. - Drunk, - - Drunk and Disorderly. Assaults. :: . Total. 1863 1864 1865 1866 1867 Now it is clear that though there were causes in operation which produced a large increase in 1864 over 1863, in both classes of offence, the culminating point was reached in the election year 1864 5, when the drunken cases were aLout 5,000 more than in 1863.4 and 11,000 over 1862-3, and when also the assaults compared with the re spective years just named were 4,000 and 12,000 in excess ; or, comparing the total of cases, in 1864-5, speaking roundly, 23,000 more cases were brought under summary jurisdiction than two years earlier, the proportionate increase being 12 per cent. The next year is distin guished by a very appreciable decline under "drunk, &c.," by a more decided decline under " assaults ;" while the balance still further turned to the side of peace and sobriety in 1866.7, though that year unfortunately remained 9,000, or five per cent. above the aggregate return of Ig2-3. It should be noted that "assaults " are dis. tinguished as-1, common assaults ;2, assaults on peace officers, resisting, obstructing, &c. ; and, 3, aggravated assaults on women and children. Taken in regard to the classes as they here stand, the separate numbers were 74,980, 12,555, and 2,623 —together, 90,158, as stated above. The returns do not discriminate the ucaneablv drunk from the disorderly drunk. .• THE FENIAN DEMONSTRATION IN HYDE PARK. The demonstration which disturbed the quiet of the on cl oners' Sunday, and sent a crowd of roughs to Hyde Park to listen to the oratory of Finlen, was repudiated on every side. Even the " Representative Irishmen" would have nothing to do with it, and made a protest against Finlen's interference. They were afraid that he would do harm to the cause of Irish liberty. The general procession was by no means imposing. The police would not allow it to form on Clerkenwell-green. It was formed gradually on the route. The Times says there was not one respectably-dressed person in the crowd. But even then Finlen was hissed. For a long time neither speakers were heard nor crowd attended. Ere Finlen had arrived other processionists had met and carried a resolu tion to the effect that " James Finlen should be desired to refrain from damaging the cause of Irish liberty by his self-assumed championship, which all honest Irishmen most heartily repudiate and detest." Those who had carried that resolution hissed Finlen. For a long time no speech could be heard, and it was only when the chairman, a man named Doyle, summoned the attention of the gathering by the utterance of some frightful expletives against the authorities for interfering with the procession, that the least heed was paid to the "chair." A man named Murphy then spoke in the same strain. He called upon the people of Ireland to be prepared to wrest their country from its rulers, and to maintain their right to a distinct nationalty and Government. Three groans were given for Government officials—Sir Richard Mayne, Mr. Gathorne Hardy, and others. Finlen then essayed to speak, and commenced by calling for "three cheers for Ireland and the glorious Fenians." The cheers were given, and also attention to some extent to what the speaker said, especially as he commenced a most violent tirade against all order and society, and inter spersed his language with foul adjectives, never beard except among the lowest of the population. He declared he had been kicked that day by the police, because he was the only prominent public man who dared to stand up in defence of Fenianism. He had a bitter hatred to the Government of England and to the —aristocracy. This gathering he called a " Fenian Convention," and the sentiment being cheered with amazing force, he-pro nounced it courageous to meet there in front of the dwell. ings of the aristocracy. But he went on to say that the butchers of police would interfere with the constitu tional right of meeting soon, and therefore he would do something more—he would issue a proclamation in the name of glorious Fenian Republicanism, and call upon the noble body whom he saw before him to do something more than mere talk, and this was to release Ireland from the " bloody, odious rule of the British aristocracy." There was cheering at this, and the crowd seemed to get more unmanageable as the inflammatory languaa was spoken. The meeting was not over at dusk. CAPTURE OF SLAVERS. - filer Majesty's ship Nymph has, it is said, "this season " captured nine slave dhows on the east coast of Africa. A letter from Rome states that the Consietory for the creation of Cardinals is deferred till next March. The purplo bo conferred upon ten prelates at once. The bat will be betnowed on Monsignor de Merode, in spite of Cardinal .Antonelli's opposition, and his post of grand almoner will be given to Monsignor Talbot do Malahide. On the EDIIIO occasion the Popo will restoro the Roman Catholic hierarchy of Scotland, establishing a primate at Glasgow; and confer the cardinal's hat on Archbishop Manning. Though disappointed at the re f usai of the schismatic Patriarch of Constantinople andseveral Protestant dignitaries and synods to accept his invitation to the (Ecumenical Council, the Pope is sanguine of being sup ported by many influential Protestants both from America and England. It is certain that favourable answers have been receivectfrom a number of ecclesiastics in those coun tries, but the greatest secrecy is maintaimni as to theft —• mem; ROME AND ITALY. The ways of diplomacy are truly incomprehensible to the ordinary mind. By the intervention of France the Pontifical Debt question has been settled. Italy has assumed a part proportionate to the Roman terri tory acquired by her. A sum of £120,000 has just been paid into the treasury of Rome by tilt , French Charge d'Affaires at Florence on behalf of Italy. . Cardinal Antonelli has given a receipt for this amount, so ingeniously worded that no mention is made either of the kingdom of Italy or the repayment of the debt. At Rome the theory is that no kingdom of Italy exists, nor can there be any repayment of debt ; but this does not prevent the cheerful acceptance of the cash. The Paris correspondent of the Indjpendance Belge, as well as several other writers, speak of negotiations for a mode vivendi between Italy and Rome ; but it seems certain that the passive opposition of the latter country renders settlement all but hopeless. But the Vatican has not altogether escaped the invasion of new ideas. Fuad Pasha, who is better, has thanked the Pope for the " interest which his Holiness has testified in his well-being." The head of the Catholic Church manifesting any interest in a son of Islam is decidedly a new thing. But the Siècle announces that the Mahometa: was actually received at the Vatican. SPAIN. The Turin Gazette announces that " the preliminaries of negotiation " have been opened between the Governments of Italy and Spain on the subject of the candidature of the Duke of Aosta. The Spectator wishes to record its distinct opinion that Prim is playing fora Dictatorship or an imperial crown. AUSTRIA. It is intended to increase the Austrian navy by the addition of six armour-plated vessels to the nine now afloat or building. In order to raise the money for this purpose, the Marine Budget proposes to abandon the construction of some fortifications on the Dalmatian coast. Fixed defences are being rejected all over Europe ; the Palmer stonian age has passed away. It will be for the reformed English Parliament to eliminate from the Budget the last relics of our great fortification folly. The Emperor of Austria has become an influence on the side of progress. It is not a little significant that he himself determined upon the titles by which be should be addressed, and the name to be given to the territory over which he rules. In an autograph letter to Baron Beust he has ordered that his decision in favour of being addressed as " Emperor and King," and of the empire being re-christened as the " Austro-Hungarian Monarchy," should be announced abroad and in all parts of Austria, well as adopted in official documents. POLAND• The incendiary fires in Poland, which have been so frequent of late, have in no degree diminished in number. The Russians cannot be driven out, but the Poles are energetically trying to burn them out. Muscovites who have settled in Poland suffer from fire almost daily. The intendant of a Councillor of State had rendered himself specially obnoxious in the absence of his master. In the orthodox Russian style he extorted from the peasants all that they were capable of yielding, manifesting his gratitude in the shape of the knout. He received several anonymous letters, which so alarmed him that be obained the protection of a detach ment of Cossacks. But these were not able to prevent the councillor's house and all the surrounding buildings, to the value of many thousand pounds, being utterly destroyed by fire. ENGLISH POLICY TOWARDS CHINA. (From the Anglo-American 2 lines.) An American paper has noticed the inconsistency of anticipating a warm reception in England for the Chinese Mission, after the open announcement that Americans hoped and expected the negotiations to result in the transfer of China trade and influence from Great Britain to the United States. It is absurd for Americans to sing this song, and be surprised and indignant if England declines to join in the chorus ; but the " tall talk," as usual, did not mean all the words import, as reflection has shown Englishmen. An Embassy could as much change the course of trade as the course of the Mississippi ; and the influence of the English will not be as a Chinese ambassador assesses it, but in proportion to their numbers, wealth, and enter= prise. These ridiculous old notions that the world was regulated by diplomacy, that the status of the nations was altered by the back stairs proceedings in Cabinets, by the chicanery of men who best knew how to make words conceal thought, have ex ploded —at least m Christendom. Now the business of nations is done just in the same way as other business, and the best example of this is the latest that but now given by his Excellency REVERDY JOHNSON and Lord STANLEY. Those who want permanent customers and good credit must deal fairly, give wnat they profess to give, and do what they undertake to do. If un scrupulous, they may go in for one good swindling job; but if experience has shown that this is an error in individuals, it is a still greater error in na tions, as the life of the individual is short and inse cure, while that of a nation is comparatively long and certain. A. recognized fact in diplomacy, at least with wise men, now is, that it is injudicious to take an undue advantage even when the opportu nity invites, for the seeming advantage is certain to recoil and breed ill-feeling. A trade patched up by privileges is artificial, and therefore unstable; and it would • not show sound judgment to create such a trade even if proffered, much less to fight for it. When created it is a source of weakness and worry, the interestsof those engagedbeing always in jeopardy a ceaseless pressureisbrought against the Government in their behalf. Wherever a vested interest stands in the way of improvement that interest is detri mental to the welfare of the nation. They must crop up with time, but the folly lies in deliberately generating them. Just as a leading Minister of China, whose State paper we lately gave, argued that railways should not be introduced nor steamers, because the one would injure carriers and coolies, and the other boats, arguing that though a bad system, :because it is in use it must be perpetuated for the welfare of those it supports. If the Chinese Mission has any other object than to remove im proper restrictions—to open the world to China, and China to the world, as far as Chinese civilization will permit, it has been sent on a false errand, and the cooler its reception in Europe the better. If Mr. BURLINGAME'S aim be to benefit his native land at the expense of all others, then it is equally misdirected, and even in success he would but injure the country from which he was accredited as well as that to which he owes allegiance. But Mr. BURLINGAME. has seen too much of the world, has too much sense, and is too deeply interested in the elevation of the country he represents to entertain any such notion. On the contrary, he is aware that whatever be the ultimate result, the immediate effect of a more liberal policy will all be in favour of England. Yesterday her MAJESTY received the Mission, and, we doubt not, graciously ; for the tendency in England of late has been to re cognise as progress this unprecedented step of the Chinese Goyernment. Lord STANLEY, as we had expected, 'has long since done so, when the Times of course swung round ; but that no one here notices, although it may now and then furnish matter for astonishment to the Ameri can papers. Thepress of China objects, itis said, that more has not been obtained in the way of conces 'loo2 awl we should not be purpriped i the report Births. DOMYILLE—On the 21st inst., at 22, Westbourne-p 13 .,, Eaton-square, the wife of H er b er t WinningtonDomV"' of a son. SOMERSET— On the 19th inst., at Badminton, the wow ° f Colonel Edward Somerset, C. 8., of a daughter. , e RILEY—On the 18th inst., at Elm House, Winkfield, wife of Major Riley, of a daughter. Marriages. BROMLEY—HANMER—On the 21st inst., at St. roi , Knightsbridge, Edward Bromley, of the Inner TetliP,; o the youngest son of the late Admiral Sir Robert 110 0 Bromley, Bart., of Stoke, to Emma Georgina, the fou r daughter of Wm. Hanmer, Esq., of Boduod. DYER —Cauu—On the 19th inst., at Christ Church, v - caster-gate, Frederick C. S. Dyer, Esq., late CaPt- Regt., third son of Sir Thomas 12yer, Bart., to Fla n r , Margaret, only daughter of the late Sir Willi m U. Knight. Deaths. 90 4 BRIGHT WELL —On the 17th inst., at Norwich, Thos • Brightwell, Esq., J.P.; F.L.S., aged 82. GLENNIE —On the 20th inst., at Kennerty, Aberdeen/sbl°' John Glennie, aged 82. RUNT— On the 19th inst., Mr. Henry Hunt, of Efollovio aged 32. pole MASTER —On the 20th inst., Colonel W. 0. Master , a r ea' Park, Almondsbury, Bristol, and of The AbbeY, • cester, aged 84. - • _—..— ors, London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM .ILN° II 112+ of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tae Si o N° tl of Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, In the 01- aiddleo97.e.4l94daY7 DlTlOnlblir 23, 1863. A h. S Wil the etre 40` le s , Wee Liu est 4 l IICA Ch pe arl a, 39 , digo; h --erv( Ou Qtqa, fqrd : 1 004. WatE C u 4 r o tr , aat u i of L 3 Ou ner d , ous