The Sun. — London, England, 1868-07-23 00:00:00

OP THE PUBLIC JOURNAL ,- S. The Times advises those who find the summer heat altogether unbearable in England to fly to Italy for relief. We do not say this merely because, as it would seem, the climates this year are reversed, because parallels and meridians are at sixes and sevens, and while the Pope and his priests are holding Trieluos for the cessation of the drenching showers which afflict them at Rome, we begin to be afraid that our children have so often bidden " Rain, rain, go to Spain," that we may never live to see one blessed drop " back again." No, if we advise a south ward move, it is not only because, meteorologically speaking, since last April England has been in Italy, and Italy in England; but also because in Italy one may find oneself at home with the heat, while in England we are always on the terms of a short, casual, and therefore shy and awkward, acquaintance with it. The Italians are aware that they have so many degrees of heat tO encounter ; they take their measures accordingly: Within their narrow streets, under shelter of their tall houses, they bid the sun defiance. In the larger squares they have porticoes ; they have verandahs to every balcony ; they have awnings on their flat roofs. They have windows that close or open, not " guillotine sashes" hanging half-way like ours. They have thick walls, solid cellars, titanic masonry im pervious to any change of outward temperature ; church aisles and palace courts to which summer and winter are one and the same thing. Within doors every man's house is his castle ; open to the night-breeze, closed against the day's glare. The Italian makes his provision of coolness from sunset to sunrise, and bottles it up for home consump tion from sunrise to sunset. The question is not there as it is with us, how many are the degrees of heat in the shade and how many in the sun, but how many at noon and how many at midnight ; for, in his hermetically sealed apartment, the Italian enjoys the hour of his own choice ; the hour he likes best of all the twenty-four. Having found out that the night is his friend in summer, and that within his own dwelling it is in his power to make it always night, the Italian shapesJais, life accordingly ; very early to rise and very late to bed is the lesson of his wisdom. The raging hours of noon are given up as unprofitable. The very reaper in the field knows that for what is lost by the siesta he can easily make up by star light industry. We have got the heat of Italy here this year, but we have none of Italy's contrivances against the heat. Our faith is in thorough draughts through the open windows; we do not see that together with the air, the glare also, the dust, the flies, all the scourges of summer invade our rooms. We disdain to break our habits. We never get up till the sky is high in the heavens ; we crowd the streets when they are ablaze with the sun. Alas! 110 degrees in the sun and 86 in the shade have taken us by surprise. Were we to have in succession ten such summers as the present, and were we also, for a wonder, to survive them all, we might, perhaps, at the end of the time know better ; but, in the meantime, there is no doubt that, great as is the evil under which we are suffering, every thing in our domestic and social, private and public arrangements seems calculated to make it a thousand times worse than it is. If the heat continues, says the Telegraph, we must con= form to our new climate. We can't suddenly change the character of our ill-prepared towns and cities, and it is idle, we suppose, to expect that the proprietors will ventilate and sweeten cabs and omnibuses, or spread an awning over river -boats, or provide railway stations with cool drinking water, after the fashionwhich is followed at every stopping place in the East. But we might cease to suffer the ridiculous ills which our unvarying and desperately un suitable costume inflicts upon us. To wear a black coat in such days as these is like the torture which the Hindoo fakir inflicts upon himself ; and a chimney hat is a direct premium upon coup de soleil. Add to these the stiff collar, the starched waistcoat, vainly and delusively white, with underclothing of perhaps sub-wintry composition, and it is not wonderful that perspiring Britons " want rain " more than the turnips or the trefoil. The Telegraph recommends a daring revolution in dress—a coup d'ete in costume. Our contemporary counsels the citizen to break away boldly from the trammels of fashion, which may be — all — well enough for ordinary summer seasons, and to dress himself in accord. ance with nature, and with grace (for a cool costume may look as well as a rigid and intolerable garb). Let slaves of habit break away from their ludicrously unfit black hats, black coats, and all the other caprices of the sartorial art, which are so incongruous with the caloric that now forms our atmosphere, and lead the way at once with rational garments made of white linen or holland, with caps or hats of reasonable tropical build, light, and padded against the rays of the noon. The Times observes that the trilogy at Romsey was con summated on Wednesday by Mr. Gladstone. On Tues day Lord Granville commemorated the official perfection of Lord Palmerston's career, and Mr. Lowe dwelt with great felicity upon his mastery of the House of Com mons. On Wednesday Mr. Gladstone made the Hampshire memorials of his departed chief an occasion for dwelling upon the policy which the inheritors of his teaching should pursue in the future. At the foot of Lord Palmerston's statue Mr. Gladstone dis coursed upon the duties which those who revered his name were called upon to undertake at the present crisis, and he vindicated for himself and his associates the distinction of following in Lord Palmerston's footsteps. Burke at Beaconsfield, Lord Chatham at Hayes, Mr. Pitt at Holwood, Mr. Fox at St. Anne's, are pictures which must be associated with that of Lord Palmerston at Broadlands and in Romsey. We cannot spare any of those memorials, which recall at once the affection of our statesmen for rural life, and the inte rest common to all the inhabitants of the kingdom in the course of their political careers. The statue in the Market place at Romsey is a monument of the pride the Hamp shire men took in their neighbour and friend. The great Englishman may be buried in Westminster, but his memory will, perhaps, be freshest, and the incidents of his life most vividly remembered, in the country town he loved to adorn, and which has hastened to show its grati tude for his affection towards it. The Post notes that three years have passed since the death of Lord Palmerston, and again and again in their eventful course have we all experienced the loss we sus tained when a tomb that kings might wish.to die for was closed. Beautiful; then, as the memorials which were mr veiled on Tuesday are, we needed them not to preserve the memory and to witness to the name and fame of the "Minister of England." The "gleam of sunshine" to which Earl Granville recurred in a speech that was pro perly appraised by Mr. Lowe can never be forgotten. It must still be radiant in the recollection of those who stood round the open grave which it illuminated. Nevertheless, not only, as the Bhhop of London remarked, has the bitterness of party strife increased, but, in a series of critical junctures, the absence of the master-mind which inspired confidence has been conspicuous. The Daily News remarks that the neighbours and friends of the late Lord Palmerston at Romsey have natu rally been anxious to erect some memorial which shall permanently associate their little town with his career and achievements. A bronze statue in the market-place, and a painted window in the Abbey Church, will remind visitors to the place and future dwellers in it of its share in the name and fame of a great English worthy and a politician of European fame. The usual sacred and secu'ar offerings were made to the manes of the deceased statesman. Lord Palmerston's virtues and merits were not of the order that lend themselves readily to the conventional language of pulpit eulogy ; and probably a certain maladroitness in the Bishop of London's encomiums may have been due to a consciousness of this fact. The homage paid by Lord Eversley, Lord Granville, and Mr. Lowe was, perhaps, happier than the episcopal tribute, A tone of cordial sincerity distinguished Lord Granville's tribute to the domestic attachments, the neighbourly good feeling, the faithful work, the administrative ability, the courage, the chivalrous loyalty, the happy temperament, blending Irish vivacity with English sense, which marked Lord Palmerston. Mr. Lowe's enthusiastic eulogy of him as a " great manager and manipulator of mankind," was evi dently quite as genuine. Lord Palmerston had the best qualities of a man of the world—prudence, wit, good humour, directness of intellect and terseness of speech, pride in his country and devotion to its interests and honour, as he interpreted them, fidelity to his colleagues, energy and promptitude in business. The Standard thinks there is something in the rumours which have been for some time in circulation, of an attempt to establish a commercial and military union between France, Belgium, and Holland—i.e., a French protec torate over the two smaller countries. The scheme is one we might naturally expect from the Emperor of the French. By opposing such a commercial and mili tary union to that which Prussia has just formed to her profit, he fight; lter, and, in a sense, beats her with her own weapone. A:)ou',; one point of the proposed union t7.ere cannut bc the slightest pretext for interference by foreign Powers. France, Holland, and Belgium have quite as much right to enter into a commercial union, as Prussia, Saxony, and Bavaria had. All that other Powers can ask is, that the new arrangement shall nut deprive them of any commercial facilities which their treaties with any one of the three States had secured them. As fur the military union, the other Powers of Europe would not be justified in the slightest interposition so far as two of the parties to it are concerned. France and Holland are perfectly independent States, under no obligations whatever to Europe which restrict their free dom of action in the conclusion of alliances, and a military union between France and Holland, although it might be regarded in some quarters with apprehension, could be objected to in none. LORD NATIER AT WIMBLEDON. The great social event of Wednesday, as distinguished :.:om actual business proceedings, was the visit of Lord Napier of Magdala, who drove to the camp, accompanied ty some members of his family. The prehence of the gallant general was the signal far a great outburst )f enthusiasm, which was repeated at point after point, as he made a detailed visit of inspection, accompanied by Lord and Lady Spencer, by Colonel Colville, the camp commandant, and other officers of the staff. Lord Napier entered upon quite an extended tour of the lines, visiting not only the different firing points, but calling at each of the regimental camps as well. At the camp of the Ist Surrey especially he was received with military honours, their commander, Colonel 111`Donald, having in former years served in India along with Lord Napier. The gallant general was presented to the members of the Ist Surrey, then at dinner, and recognised among their guests of the day one or two well-known Indian faces. In acknow ledging the hospitality which was freely tendered by them, he conveyed to the members of the regiment in a few brief but appropriate remarks his acknowledgments for their flattering reception, and the strong personal interest which he took in a gathering and in pursuits which had attained their development since he last was upon English sail. Lord Napier mentioned in the course of conversa tion that the tents at Wimbledon were luxurious apart ments compared with that under which he slept in Abys sinia. Frequently, when there was nobody else available, he had carried his tent himsel es f. Among the number who had the honour of being presented to the gallant was Sergeant Deans, Royal Engineers, mentioned in despatches for gallantry in the assault upon Magdala, and who is at present acting as storekeeper at Wimbledon. After remaining for some little time at the Cottage, Lord Napier drove away under a fresh outburst of cheering, the band playing " See, the conquering hero comes." MR. GLADSTONE ON IRELAND. Mr. Gladstone, who was unable to be present on Tues day at the inauguration of the Palmerston monument, visited Romsey on Wednesday morning, and addressed a large assembly in front of the Town Hall. The Mayor presided, and several members of the corporation were present. The Right Hon. W. Cowper, M.P., also attended. The Mayor having introduced Mr. Gladstone, a compli mentary address to the right hon. gentleman was read by the Town Clerk. -~ Mr. GLADSTONE commenced by alluding to the cere monies which were performed on the previous day, and paying an eloquent tribute to the character and services of Lord Palmerston. Then, having touched upon the settlement of she great Reform question, he continued as follows : In some considerable degree we trust that within the limits of Great Britain it may be said we are a united people. We may have our differences, and we always shall, and they are serious differences, upon many affairs. But, notwithstanding that, we are in the main a united people. The masses of the people, from the highest to the lowest, are attached to the Queen, to the Throne, to the Government, to the laws, to the institu tions of the country, and attached to one another. But when we cross the Channel we unfortunately come, not to a united, but to a very divided country—a country divided in itself, and a country a large portion of whose people—it is painful to confess it, but it is for our welfare as well as theirs that we should not blind ourselves to the undoubted fact—a large portion of whose people are either dull or indifferent in their attachment to the rest of the United Kingdom, and to its laws and institutions, or even positively estranged from them. (Hear, hear.) Now, gentlemen, do nut let us deceive ourselves. There is no deceit to pitiable as that which a man, or as that which a people practise upon themselves, and there is no deceit so common ; for if we could get rid of self deceit, the deceit that others might practise upon us would produce but very insignificant effects. And allow me to tell you, that the wealth and power and security of this country in itself makes the people of this country liable to self-deceit, and especially with respect to the condition of Ireland, which is not immediately under our daily view. We are able to think that after all we have got on somehow, and that so we shall continue to get on. It is shocking, if it be true, that after seven centuries of political action between Great Britain and Ireland—not of equal political connection, but of connection up to a quite recent period as between a superior and a subordi nate country, entailing nearly the whole responsibility upon the superior country, and taking it away from the 1 subordinate country—it is painful, I say, to hear that ' after seven centuries of such connection this condition of fundamental estrangement should still to a lamentable degree prevail. (Hear, hear.) Well, gentlemen, we pro posed what I in my sphere shall endeavour to do —which I believe my right lion. friend near me, if honoured with your suffrages, will co-operate in doing—and it is this. We pr,.pose to try no other medicine for the sister country than the medicine of justice. (Cheers.) We have no ma,s;icaltacts to practice—we have no special recipes, or formulary-, or fine phrases, to dangle before you or before the eyes of Ireland. Our business and our duty is this. For the state of things which exists it is more especially our duty, but under all circumstances it would be our duty to examine carefully the manner in which the laws and institutions of Ireland have been regulated, mainly under our predominating influence, and unless we find we have treated Ireland in the mode in which we should wish Ireland should treat us if she had the power—unless in our hearts and conscienes and understanding we are prepared to meet and abide by the one searching test—then to lose no time where too much has already been lost in endeavouring to clear this entangled account, and to give both England and Ireland to understand that we propose that hereafter they should live in brotherly communion, and upon a footing of an honourable and perfect equality. (Cheers.) I ask, can any Englishman—l care not whether he is a Liberal or a Conservative, because I urge this plea to men calling themselves Conservatives, with the same feeling of right to urge it as to men calling themselves Liberals—can any Englishman place his hand on his heart, and surveying the manner in which things are regulated on this side of the Channel, and the manner in which things have been regu lated on the other side of the Channel, say with truth and honour, that if he, his people, his religion, all the incidents of his life were under the paramount influence of Ireland, he would be satisfied to be treated in the same manner as he now treats his Irish brethren? (Cheers.) That is one ques tion, though not the only one. It is a very great question, • and I believe it will probably be the key to whatever may remain. We propose to proceed by giving to Ireland that religious equality which her circumstances appear to demand, and which she herself desires ; and we are not to be challenged by men, if such there be, who proceed upon some cut-and-dry theory which they have elaborated in their closet, and which the intend to apply, to all nations and under all circumstances what ever they may be. We propose to apply reli gious equality to Ireland—to remove the State Church which now exists there— (cheers, and cries of " No")—and carefully to avoid, and, if necessary, to resi s t, the e r e ction of any other State Church. (Cheers.) We propose tc apply this method, not because it is a method necessarily suited to all circumstances and all countries, but because it is eminently suited to and required by the circum• stances and the case of Ireland. (Cries of " Hear, hear.") Let England be judged by its own standards and mea• sures, according to what its public interests require. Let Ireland be judged upon the very same principles ; but do not let a system because it is thought to be good for England be forced by British power upon Ireland, who desires to shake herself entirely free from such a dominion, and who protests against our right and title to force it upon her by any other law than that odious law, the law of force. (Hear, hear.) Well, to come back to the point at which I started. It is our earliest belief that by removing causes of just, although now inveterate, complaint, we shall by degrees be per mitted, by the blessing and through the wisdom of Providence, to bring about a better and a happier state of things; and my belief is, that if you act as I believe you will, and return my right hon. friend, and if the new Parliament should live something like its natural term, you will, during the period of its existence, see this great con troversy brought to a close. (Cheers.) If my right hon. friend (Mr. Cowper) shall have occasion to render to you an account of his stewardship, he will be able, I trust, to point to some work done on your behalf, on behalf of Ireland, and on behalf of the great, and we hope it will be tin united country to which we owe our birth, and our own best affections, and to the service of which our lives are heartily devoted. (Loud cheers.) OVERCROWDED HOUSES AT THE WEST-END OF LONDON.—A recent investigation has brought to light , some startling facts as to overcrowding at the West-end. In a street abutting on Regent-street, twenty-six houses have been measured for the purpose of intro ducing the Lodging House Act ; and, allowing 500 cubic feet for each person, they should have contained 198 people. It was found, however, that no less a number than 549 human beings were sheltered in these houses, giving an excess of population in twenty-six houses of 351 persons. Dr. Lankester has given it as his opinion that 500 houses in the district of St. James's, Westminster, are thus overcrowded. At the lowest calculation this district contains 7,000 more inhabitants than the law permits, and as there is no probability of extending the building accommodation, it is only by sending the excess of population out of the parish that the provisions of the Act can be carried out. ¶F}TI SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JULY 23, -1868, THE MURDER IN NORTON FOLUTE. The public will remember that a short time ago a very rutal murder was committed upon the wile of an eating ouse keeper in Norton Folgate by a boy named Andrew 1 lackay, 10 years old, who made his escape after coin aitting the deed, and it was thought had evaded jus. ice, either by committing suicide or by making his lay to some foreign country, as, notwithstanding the ,ctive inquiries that were made after him by the police, tot the slightest clue could be obtained likely to lead to its apprehension. It is satisfactory, however, to state hat the culprit has been discovered in rather a singular canner in Maidstone gaol. It appears that a short time jack a prisoner who gave the name of George Jackson vas taken into custody at Woolwich for stealing a !neer ;chaum pipe, and he was eventually sentenced to three nontbs' imprisonment for that offence. He was •emoved to the county gaol at Maidstone pursuant to ;hat sentence, and no suspicion whatever was enter tained as to his being any other than the person he •epresented himself to be. It is now the practice to make Ise of the art of photography as a means of detecting riminals, and among others the photograph of the ooy Andrew Mackay was sent to the prison. For some ;itne it did not appear to have attracted any attention, out a thought suddenly seemed to have struck a warder belonging to the prison that the boy Tackson , who was under his charge, resembled Jne of the photographs of persons who had absconded after the commission of a crime. In consequence of this 'le communicated his suspicions to Major Bannister, the Tovernor, and examined the photograph carefully, and ,his confirmed the suspicion he had entertained pre viously, that the prisoner Jackson was in reality the murderer Andrew Mackay. He took an opportunity von this to enter into conversation with the prisoner, and in the course of it he asked him if he had ever gone by any other name than George Jackson, and he at once replied that his name was Andrew Mackay, and be admitted that he was the person who was charged with the murder in Norton Folgate. Major Bannister at once telegraphed to London to Sergeant Dunnaway, an officer of the metropolitan police, and he came down to Maidstone on Wednesday, accompanied by a person who was acquainted with the lad Mackay, and who at once identified him as the person against whom the coroner's jury had returned a verdict of wilful murder. The prisoner has still two months to serve of his original sen tence, but he will, of course, be brought back to London upon the charge of murder so soon as the necessary forms are gone through to enable that step to be taken. TERRIBLE ENCOUNTER WITH B URGLARS. Mr. James C. Donelan, merchant, of Dunmore, was awoke a few mornings since by a slight noise in his shop. He jumped out of bed and ran downstairs, taking with him a revolver. On opening a side door leading into the shop a pistol shot was fired at the direction of the door. Nothing daunted, he entered the shop, and was again immediately assailed with heavy stones (plenty of which were close to hand on ac• count of the masonry work going on). He observed a man passing from the direction of his desk across the shop. Mr. Donelan fired at him, and the man groaned heavily. Believing that he was badly wounded, Mr. Donelan called upon him to surrender, and said that he would spare his life. He walked towards him for the purpose of securing him ; but before he could do so he was struck at with a short, heavy-pointed bar of iron, which passed between the arm in which he held his revolver and his side, very slightly hurting him. He was at the same time fired at with heavy missiles from other parts of the shop. The object, no doubt of the robbers was to get away the man that Mr. Donelan had all but captured. In the confusion Mr. Donelan missed his man, and on turning to the direction from which he had been assailed, he observed parties passing out by a small door, leading into the portion of the premises that were taken down, and through which they entered the shop ; he again fired, and ran round to the back door leading out of the shop, for the purpose of intercepting them, but having some delay in unbarring the door, when he got out he observed them passing by an angle in the new building ; when he got to that angle he observed the men passing into a yard; he again fired at them, and pursued them into another yard, and again attempted to fire, but found that two caps had fallen off his revolver. Not wishing to pursue them further, he returned. The police have not suc ceeded in making any arrest.— natal Herald. LAW AND POLICE. COPYRIGHT or SONGS.—Before Vice-Chancellor Giffard the cause of Jeffery v. Sheard was heard. Both parties are music-sellers, and the plaintiff alleged that Sheard had in the song " Shan't I be glad when Sally comes home ?" infringed the copyrignt of the "Fair Gertrude" waltz. The defendant contended that the piece was written by another person altogether, and his Honour dismissed the bill with costs. £l,OOO DAMAGES IN THE DIVORCE COURT.—For the s last few days the cause of Barnes v. Barnes and Beau mont has occupied the attention of the Divorce Court. Tie petitioner, who is employed in a small-arms factory at Enfield, prayed for a divorce from his wife on the ground of her adultery with the co-respondent, who is a medical man. The jury, after a long deliberation, came to the conclusion that both the husband and wife had been guilty of adultery, but awarded the former £l,OOO damages. SERIOUS CHARGE OF PERJURY.-At the Carlisle Assizes Richard Relph, an engine fitter, was indicted for perjury. At the present assizes Jonathan Armstrong was found guilty of forgery. At the Spring Assizes in this year the executors of the will of Mr. Cook brought an action of ejectment against Jonathan Armstrong to recover pos session of two fields held by him. In order to resist their claim he produced a deed conveying this land to him, and called the prisoner to prove that he was present on the 3rd of July, 1865, at the Appletree Inn, at Cocker mouth, and that he saw Mr. Cook and Armstrong in the house, and that while he was there he saw a sum of £8 paid to Cook, who then handed over a deed, and signed a receipt for the money, This deed was proved to be a forgeryf and the evidence of the prisoner was consequently f a l se . Bradley was sentenced to seven years' penal servi tude, and Relph was committed for eighteen months. DAMAGES AGAINST A RAILWAY COMPANY.—At the Nottingham Assizes an action was brought against the Mid land Railway Company by a Mrs. Sparcy for injuries sustained. The company's crossing was level with the street, and the public formerly went over a bridge to avoid it, but it was taken away, and foot-passengers crossed on the level. Gates were, as is usual, placed across the line which would either shut up the line or the road, according to the requirements of traffic. Formerly these gates were managed by two servants of the company, but afterwards they were worked by an ingenious piece of machinery, which, however, had the disadvantage of sometimes shutting people on the line when trains were passing, and frequently accidents occurred. The plaintiff was crossing, when, without any warning, the gates were set in motion, and in striving to avoid them, she fell and received certain injuries. The jury awarded £2OO damages. MADAME RACHEL AGAIN.—Mr. Justice Blackburn, having been convinced that he, and not the committing magistrate, was the proper authority to deal with Madame Rachel's proposed bail, consented to go into the matter on Wednesday at chambers. His lordship was not satisfies with one of the sureties, and the application for the defen- dant's release was refused. Madame Rachel, therefore, still remains in Newgate. Sin MORTON PETO'S BANKRUPTCY.-At a meeting hedi for the proof of further debts, statements were produced by Mr. Haywood, the representative of the official assignee, shewing that the following sums stood to the credit of the different estates :—Peto, Betts, and Cramp ton, there was a balance of £1,897 applicable to dividend. Peto and Betts, £90,074 ; the separate estate of Sir S. Morton Peto, £54,767 ; the separate estate of Mr. Betts, £32,921 ; and that of Mr. Crompton` £2,600. It was also announced that a further sum of about £17,000, which is not included in the account, had also been recently received in respect of the joint estates. A resolution to divide the funds was agreed upon, and the usual notice of dividend will appear in due course in the Ca:ette. At the last sitting it was arranged that the railway company should be allowed to prove for about £500,000, without prejudice to their right to establish a further claim at any future period if so advised. A number of additional proofs were now admitted, and several proofs to which objection was taken were discussed before the commissioner. LONGEVITY.—At the Hospital for Invalids, Malta, on the 2nd July, died Giovanni Seliembri, a pauper, who had been an inmate therein for upwards of 20 years, having attained the patriarchal age of 111 years, 3 months, and 2 weeks, retaining all his faculties unim paired to the last ; dying, in fact, through pure exhaustion from age. A BARONET KILLED.—On Saturday Sir Henry John Seton, Bart., was knocked down by a cab and killed in St. James's-street. On Wednesday an inquest was Le1(1 on his body, and a verdict of accidental death was returned. Sir Henry was a Grootn-in•Waiting to her Majesty. He served in the Peninsula during the great war. - 1111. E VIRGINIA LEADERS OF THE REVOLUTION. The Round Table, in reviewing " Bancroft's His tory of the United States," and " Rives' Life of Ma dison," discusses the Virginian Cavaliers. B trcrof denied that Virginia had been settled by cav Tiers, maintaining that the people had sprung mainly from adventurers, who, unmoved by any chivalric feel ing, had in emigration sought their own interest, strengthened byinfusions of Scotch andlrish Presby terians, and many who preferred to leave England on the return of Charles 11. ; while the valley of Vir ginia had a large German population. But he acknowledges that in their origin there was a per ceptible, though never an exclusive, influence of the cavaliers. The question had arisen whether the spirit which prevailed in Virginia before the Revolu tion was derived from the cavaliers, and he answers that it came from the heart of the people. This Mr. Rives disputes ; no fact, he says, is better established than that the early English emi grants to Virginia were strong King and Church men, and down to the period of the Revo lution the mass of the emigration from England to Virginia was of the cavalier strain. That the country was settled for the most part by gentle men adventurers may be gathered from the lists. Of the first hundred, 78 are classed in Captain Smith's History, and of these, 54 are styled " gen tlemen," when the word signified a social position, conveying a meaning it has now lost. He proceeds to sketch the persons of influence at the period pre ceding the Revolution. The forefathers of many who in it took a promineat part had fought and died in defence of Charles Stuart. Washington's grard father was first cousin of Colonel Henry Washing ton, who led a forlorn hope for the king at the taking of Bristol in 1643. Falkland, who fell on the plains of Newbury, was an ancestor of the Virginian patriot Archibald Cary. The Lses, the Blands, the Carters, the Digges, the Byrds, and other foremost patriots of the day, were of well known cavalier descent. Washington, the cava lier, was the first to take up arms. Ma-on, the cavalier, wrote the Bill of Rights of Vir ginia; Jefferson, the cavalier, was attainted for treason ; Pendleton, the cavalier, was president of the Committee of Safety ; Richard Henry Lee, the cavalier, was the mouth-piece of revolution ; Patrick Henry, the descendant of cavaliers, was the almost inspired orator sounding the charge ; Cary, Randolph, Monroe, Marshall, Arthur Lee, all cava liers, were the brain and arm of the revolution and its real originators, to whom the masses looked, and by whom they were led. What were the ob jects of these men? The Round Table asserts that a pure democracy was the last thing they desired, with the exception, perhaps, of Jefferson. Wash ington was a "full-'blooded" aristocrat, and re ceived Congress, as President, standing in his great reception room, full dressed and powdered, the ha personation of authority. Mason lived on his great estate a baron among his retainers; Pend.eton, when revising the !aars of Virginia :n conjunction with Jefferson, strove to retain an established church, aad the law of primog nitare, the corner-stone of aristocsacy. '1 hey desired to retress grievances nut to separate from the great English stem. It was only when they found it impossible to maintain t'iis, and the strugg!e became one of life ant death, that they erected a Government without King or Nohility. The Round Table then goes on as follows :—" But let the reader guard himself from the mis.ake of supposing that Washington and his associates in tended to found a pure Democracy,' as credited ; the absurd theory that all men are equal' origi nated with Mr. Jefferson. No human being ever 1-ss believed in that idea than George Washington. He was forced by circumstances to become the head of a great movement, apparently against the prerogative and privilege of king and noble, but, iu his own eyes, he was simply opposing bad government in the House of Commons. See the records for this statement of the sentiments of the leaders in the Revolution. That the move ment would go further—not only secure equal re presentation, but erect a democracy---Washington probably never believed an 1 certainly di I not de ; sire. When the die was cast, Washington endea voured to make the best of things. His persistent effort a 3 President was to make the country a Repub lic instead of a Democracy. The Republic which the great cavalier dreamed of was a representative go vernment, having for chief officer a Lard Prot , ctor or President —a Parliament or Congress elected by the states or freehol lers therein—and this was to be a good, strong government without and within ; his Excellency the Protector or President was to hol I the rogues in awe,' and mike his authority respected. There was not much ' states rights' in that t heor y i t is true, but there wa s very little pure Democracy'--and as long as washington lived the GOvernment was a Republic, was res p e cted, and the pure Democracy' idea c ould not get a foothild. When, the rights of man' —ca me i n t o power, t h i o sm w however, Mr. Mr. Jefferson — the apostle of sans-culot all things suddenly changed, What succeeded was close-cropped hai r, un p owdere I ; shoes with leathe r tring Mr.' instead o f Excellency ;' b r usquerie instead of cour tesy ; equality, ss instead ; o f buckles ; pantaloons instead of silk stockings Demo cracy, the dead level—in a wort, that new re'gime in which everybody was equal to everybody else ; u hostility,i st oc 'aristocrat'—to at't point him out and when to call a man a gentleman was to stig matize an objectatizeb ituas an b a r of psuspicion, and in sult. Mr Jefferson 'n s states -rights views were ad mirable and unanswerable, but unfortunately they have effected absolutely nothing. His social views were moonstruck, and have inflicted enormous mis chief upon his country." THE "IVA7IO2V" O SC N R THE CLOSE OF THE FISCAL YEA. The Nation has taken a curious way of account ing for the decrease in the revenue and the cessa tion during the past year of the debt paying pro gress. There is, it says, " only one way to account for the falling off of our national income, and that is, startling as the s tatem ent may appear , our steadily increasing poverty. The people of the United States are, and have been, for several years past steadily decreasing in wealth. It is to this cause and to no other that we must attribute the falling off in our surplus revenue during the last year. In comparison with the census of 1860 recent reports of the Agricultural Bureau at Washington show that, whereas the people of the Unitel States have largely increased in numbers, the milch cows have decreased to the extent of fully five per cent. ; that, where before the war, enough calves were every year allowed to grow up to furnish an addition to the existing number of milch cows, during the war and since, not enough have been allowed to grow up even to replace the number of cows annually dying, much less to keep up the increase re quired by the growing wants of a growing popula tion. Is it to be wondered that milk and butter and meat are high ? Is it necessary to attribute to paper money some miraculous influe nce in raisin g prices, when we see that in this instance , a t l east , the rise in pric es i s d ue to a very different cause ? Is the nation poorer or not in the matter of milch cows ? The farmer who values his cow at one hun dred dollars may think himself richer than when his cow was worth fifty dollars only, but the nation that has four hundred thousand less tact' cows to feed four millions more people can scarcely be thought to have increased its wealth." Nor is it live stock only that has ditninish-d. Corn is short, and even cotton, it is stated, must be imported from Europe. The country is drained of gold to pay the rapid consumption of foreign merchandise ; and without providing for the deficit, manufac`uros have been relieved of taxes to the extent of $80,000,000. " fhe fact cannot be d:sguised that the posi tion is serious, while the country is infatuated with the contrary belief, or wrapped in ignorant ;elfishness." This article has attracted a good deal of tr tention in England, as the Nation is becoming a sigh authority on American matters on this side he Atlantic. The object of the writer is evidently o stir up Congress and the leading financiers at Washington. We do not suppose that the Nation yet despairs of the Republic ! knowing, as it does, the unequalled material resources of the country. It is impossible for any people to stand unmoved the buffets of such a war, and that. the United States have been so little moved is the most marvellous circumstance attending the conflict. A and a half of men cannot be maintained for year; in idleness without suffering to the nation which strives to maintain such a force. But it was no in idleness these men were kept, for they were en gaged in using the national resources to destroy the national property. In Europe it was so confidently predicted that there would be the greatest smash the world had ever seen in America on the conclu sion of the war that men find it difficult to believe that it is not impending or has not taken place. There certainly has been a panic, but had its centre in London, and its cause ill such a display of English dishonesty as the world had nowhere else seen. After the close of the War up to June 1, 1867, 19 months, dating from the time when the Debt first became fairly settled, the surplus received in the Treasury over the expenditure amounted to $250,000,000. For the last year the reduction has been but $6,000,000, and the Nation believes that this is partly due to a con tinued decrease in the national wealth. Nor is this all : it is confidently asserted that payments on ac count of bounty have been purposely retarded to make the exhibit of the finances as favourable as possible, and as the War Department requisi tions have been kept back for the same rea son, instead of a decrease, the National Debt ought in reality to show an increase of consider ! able magnitude. We think, notwithstanding the diminution of cows, that the explanation is easy. Corruption in the collection of the revenue has increased to an alarming degree, and Congress has supplemented bad laws based on erroneous prin. ciples by doing all in its power to enforce them in the most vicious way possible. It does not follow that a diminution in cattle, although it may be a bad sign, is conclusive of a nation's decline in wealth, nor is the increase in flocks and herds a sure sign of wealth's increase. In Australia sheep may become a drug and be boiled down for tal low ; and any possible multiplication of cattle on the Pampas may cause no sensible addition to the wealth of the inhabitants. The decline on which the .Nation lays such stress signifies that the supply is not up to the demand, but this can quickly be corrected by the passage of the Reciprocity Bill, introduced by Senator Ramsey of Minnesota, and by a judicious expenditure in rearing herds on the grass lands of t Texas. If breadstuffs, animals (dead and alive), fish, poultry, eggs, &c , be admitted from the do minion duty free, a large source of supply would be at once opened from a country comparatively little affected by the war. Another and a main cause for the decrease in the revenue, and the severity with which the taxes are felt, lies in the bad har vests which immediately followed on the conclusion of the war. This helped the suspension of the in fl ttion to cause the stagnation in business which has prevailed for upwards of a year. Where all are neer of businesi, when trade languishes to the extent lately witnessed throughout the world, the depression is most generally felt in the United States, and for the same reason the country most quickly revives under returning prosperity. %Ire believe the Nation's article to be a great but well-intended exaggeration. In England it is accepted literally ; and those al ways ready to cry aloud, and point to the coll ipse of the Repub!ic, eagerly seize on it, and circulate it as unquestionable fact. Bat although we think it probable that the United States was so heavy a material loser by the late war, thatthere is an actual decline in wealth if the position just preceding and and that just following it be compared, we imagine that the nation is rapidly recovering, and, will if the civil service be reformed, make greater strides during the next few years than has yet been achieved in the history even of that marvellous country.— Anglo-American Times. INCREASED POSTAL AND TELEGRAPHIC C0,11,110N !CATION WITH 771 E UNTIED 87 Al ES. Mr. Trollope and Mr. Randall have agreed to differ regarding postal affairs between England and America, as may be seen from the correspond ence between them submitted to Congress. Mr Trollope desires the transport of mails to be ex clusively given to the Cunard and Inman lines, the service t) be tri-weekly only, and the sub sidies for the carriage increased. If a joint con tract be impracticable, each Government to make separate but virtually identical contracts with the lines named. At present the carriers receive 39 cents an ounce for the conveyance of letters ; 24 cents from England and 13 only from the United States. Supposing the latter gave the larger sum, the carriers would gec 48 cents, which would secure a better service than 39. The British postal authorities are opposed to more than a tri-weekly service, con sidering that the fastest vessels will be selected, leaving the slower to sail on the alternate days, and giving mails to them would but delay the deliveries and render it irregular. Mr. R ►ndall cheerfully assents to the tri-weekly service, but de clines to limit the number, being glad if a daily mail could be secured, and he is prepared to contract at once forma additional weekly service. Discussing the question of subsidy, he thus writes :—" I have to remark that this difference in the cost of sea service employed by the two officers resulted from the dif ferent mode of inviting tenders adopted on each si le, the British office agreeing iu advance to allow the full amount of sea postage as compensation for the service,w bile this department invited competition, not only in respect to speed and other requisites, but also in regard to the rate of compensation to be paid. It is reasonable to suppose that if the invitation for tenders issued by the British Post-office had not fixed the rate of compensation to be paid, that equally favourable tenders for sea transportation would have been made to that office ; and it is not doubted that under the opera tion of free competition each side, the cost of the Transatlantic service by first-class steamers of ap proved speed can be lessened from year to year, en abling the respective Governments to further re duce the rate of international letter postage in the interest of the people of both countries, an object, the accomplishment of which is earnestly desired by this department, for in the same proportion as the last of the sea transportations is reduced, it will be practicable to reduce postage rates without loss to the postal revenues of either country. No good reason is shown to this department why the At lantic service cannot be just as speedily performed as at present, if open to free competition, at a charge of two cents per single letter ratio (which would be a sufficiently remunerative charge. for the service the steamers are required to render) ; and would justify the establishment of an international charge for letters of six cents (3d.) per single rate, of which two cents would be the sea postage and two cents the inland charge in each country. In our recent interview I informed you of the de sire of this department to provide for a gradual re duction of the rate of international letter postage in the proposal new convention, and to express the hope that the British Post-office will agree to re duce the letter-rate of postage to ten cents on and after the Ist of January, 1869, with a provision for further reductions proportioned to the reductions that shall be effected from year to year in the cost ocean transportation." Mr. Ran lull further con siders th it the existing convention gives to each office the exclusive 'control of its own arrangements for dispatching mails, which is advisable in view of the rapid increase of steam communication between the countries creating competition, which leads to a quick and cheap service—a principle recog niz cl in all the late postal conventions bet NOCII the United States and foreign Governments. " To return to the of l system of special c retracts mr subsidies . . . with particular lines of steamers to the exclusion of other lines equally efficient would be a retrograde movement, unpro ductive of any beneficial result either to the m mil service or to the people of the two countries." He gives extracts from a letter of Mr. F. Hill, of date Juime 22, 1866, al lr ss td to the Right Hon. E. flammonl, to sustain an assertion that at the time of the negotiation of the present Convention the British and American Post-uffices were in harmony with regard to the principle above set forth. He s tates his reasons for declining the propositions of the British Post-office, and suggests the following modifications in the new Convention Ist. Modify irticle third by reducing the postage on a single in ernational letter to ten cents in the United States or id. in the United Kingdom; the existing contracts with this department for sea transportation at the L.:ate of 15c. per ounce for letter mails justifying uch are luction of postage. Also provide in the same article for further re lactions of the postage from year to year as the cost of sea transportation shall be reduced. Second, Modify article four !by fixing the amount of the fine to be collected in the Unite 1 Kingdom on unpaid or insufficiently pre paid letters received from the United States either at twopence or threepence, as the British office shall ;lest. Third, Modify article five by stipulating that the total postage on international newspapers (including prices current) shall be two cents in the United States and one penny in England per four ounces ; and that the total postage on international book packets and patterns or samples shall be six - tents in the United States and threepence in the United Kingdom per four ounces or fraction thereof. Fourth, The new convention to be terminable at any time on a previous notice by either office of one year." The Moniteur has officially announced the e3nces :ion granted to Baron Emile d'Erlanger and M. Reuter to lay a telegraphic cable from France to the United States. The communication is to be established before the Ist September, 18(39, start ing from Brest to a point on the American coast between Boston and New York. The price of a despatch containing twenty words cannot exceed 100 f. The State of New York has granted a cor responding concession to be exclusive, and at least on the French side to last for twenty years. The Pall Mall Gazette thus gives the reasons which in fluenced the Governments :—The grounds upon which the projectors have found favour with the French and New York State Governments hive been chiefly that the proposed cable will obviate the circuity and delay incident to the present line, and will also lessen the existing liability to casualties. By the only route we now have not less than four submarine cables have to be employed, while the electric fluid has to perform four land journeys also before a m sage can be sent from the continent of Europe to New York. Thera intervene-1, the North Sea, or the English Channel ; 2, the Irish Sea ; 3, the Atlantic; 4, the sea between Newfoundland and the American continent; while the wires have also to be carried across England, Ireland, Newfound land, and, lastly, from the coast of British America southwards to New York. It is, perhaps, surpris ing that with this circuity messages are sent from Europe to the United States as quickly as they are; but there is no doubt that communication will be very lunch accelerated if, as is said, a merchant or b ►nker at Paris will be able literally to speak into New York. It may possibly be a sanguine calcula tion that messages between those cities may then be sent and answered in half an hour, and that messages may be sent from Berlin or Frankfort to New York answered within an hour ; but the difference of time must obviously he very great. It is thought also that 'he directness and simplicity of this route will very much diminish the chances of communication with America being from time to time put out of gear. Ocean telegraphy has now been carried to such per ' fection that there is more fear of mishap by land .han by sea : and, in point of fact., during the last two winters, when we have several times been Alarmed by a stoppage of messages, the explanation has in each case been that storms had blown down the land telegraphs, sometimes in Newfoundland, -iometi:nes on the American mainland. From this danger, whatever it may amount to, the new line will be,exempt. As the capital it will represent will, it is stated, be only £1,000,00D, and as the working expenses, with only two stations (at Brest and at New York), ought to be very small, it is probable that this project will bring the luxury of telegraphing across the Atlantic within the reach of persons of very moderate means. A cable laid across the English Channel, from Falmouth to Brest, would also give us the benefit of it. It is under stood that the new Atlantic cable will be ready for laying next June. A. LEI TER FROM GEORGE FRANCIS 'RAIN. (From the Anglo-American Times.) George Francis Train has done us the honour of adding us to his score of papers. If given all the space he would fill, the editor might put his hands in his pockets and go and refresh himself at the Blarney Stone, or cool himself on the Alps, for his work would be at an end. Train would undertake to edit half a dozen newspapers from the Mar shalsea. Indeed nothing but a big " daily" could keep pace with his requirements. He tells us so pub lish in whole, in part, or throw all into the basket, and we act on the permission.. Mr. Train has a right to rush snorting and screaming through the world like his namesake the train if he chooses, but we feel assured he might employ his great talents more effectively. We are wholly opposed to every course which in any degree tends to stir up ill-feeling between America and England. If Slr. Train thought that his method was that best ,adapted to force the redress of Irish grievances on the English Government, he may be justified as far as Ireland is concerned. But where we disapprove is iu mixing up America with the question. EDrrol A. A. T, He Pays his Compliments to the Anglo-American Times —A Wonderful Foreshadowing of Events—He Publishes a " Train Extra" on the Fourth containing his Anniver sary Address -Ho Advises the Irish not to Elect any more Members of Parliament—He Appoints Bea Butler as his Congressional Agent to It lease our Citizens—He Adds the Anglo-American Times to his Scare of Journals.— Dublin, Four Courts, Marshalsea, July 13. Dear Anglo-American Times,---As I cannot invite you to my cottage in New York, I can only make my acknowledgments for an occasional kind word of re membrance, by asking you to drop in and see me at the Marshalsea should you be passing this most agreeable simmer resort. Mutual friends have told me that my name often appears in your columns, and as I do not get the paper, please to send it to me direct and I will enclose the stamps. Anything that has the word "Ameri can " in it is a godsendto afellow who never knew what fair play was till he came to England. Wonderful country ! Statesmen so pure !—aristocracy so noble ! —women so virtuous! —people so temperate ! No paupers—no poverty —uo crime ! Wonderful race the English ! Think of little England being able to whip great Abyssinia! Exeter Hall was always too much for the negro. And if you would like an occasional letter for the Anglo-American Times. You shall have it. (From the "Train Extra.") In the Grand Court of All Nations.—America v. Eng land in the case of Train.—For the Plaintiff, Benjamin F. Butler, Member of Congress.—ln a British Jail, Anniver sary of American Independence, July, 1868. Hon. Ben jamin F. Butler, M.C., House of Representatives, Wash ington.—Dear Sir,—Three cheers for the Fourth of July. Civis Amencanus sum. You are another. You possess pluck. It is rare with Americans. You possess enough for several. You are generally sound. Sound at Baltimore on the anniversary of the Battle of Lexington ; sound at New Orleans; sound on American industry, and hoisting the first flag over the capitol made of American Bunting; sound on Grant, sound on Patent Medicines, sound on Educated Suffrage, and had you impeached Johnson for being a Bourbon in a Bonaparte age, instead of other counts, you would have been sound on Impeachment. I❑ gaol for life for being honest, I want a friend a lawyer. Here is digest of my sentence. (From the Irishman, June 27.) —Judge Miller gave judgment.) He went over the evidence at great length, and to the utter astonish went of every person present concluded that as no offence by Mr. Train of a criminal nature against the Act of Parliament was before the court, he would gladly assist in any arrangement by which the opposing creditor would be enabled to restore Mr. Train to his liberty and his country; but having regard to the fact that this admitted debt was due to the Ebbow Vale Company since 1861, and also to the fact that Mr. Train's Australian property, said to amount to £lB,OOO, and his Americana property, estimated at £30,000, were alleged to be settled en his wife and family, without any real infor- illation being given as to the settlements, or the docu ments themselves, or copies produced, to satisfy the cre ditor, he could not, under the 208th section of the Act, declare that he entertained a doubt touching any matter alleged against Mr. Train to prevent his discharge from the legal custody in which he was at present detained;; therefore he should adjourn the hearing and examination of Mr. Train sine die with liberty to him to apply for a rehearing when advised. Not a word in reply. People stared in amazement at each other as they heard this de cision, and Mr. Levy, who appeared to be taken aback by the refusal of his client's petition, rose and asked per mission to make an observation respecting the decision. Not a single word would Judge Miller allow him to say. He had delivered judgment, and would not allow it to be questioned or commented on. Then arose Train, and in a quiet tone of voice asked if he would be allowed to say a word? No. llialordship would not allow any one to speak. This reply did not satisfy Mr. Train, who in an excited manner exclaimed—" Why even in criminal cases a prisoner is allowed to speak. Am Ito be treated worse than a criminal ?" Judge Miller—This is a civil, not a criminal case. Mr. Train —And yet I am not allowed to say a word, although condemned to imprisonment for life ! Baron Bramwell would not allow the patriot Burke to speak, but I must be heard. Judge Miller —I most carefully guarded myself against treating you as a criminal. You must recollect the state of the case. You are not in my custody, but in the cus tody of the Court of Exchequer, whose judgment is against you. You ask ma to relieve you from the process of an other court ; but I can only do that on certain terms -on your affording me the information which the law requires. I shall be very glad to give the opposing creditor every opportunity of effecting a settlement. Mr. Train—As a stranger I don't understand the judgment. If lam right, I am to return to the Marshalsee. Judge Miller — That entirely depends on your giving the infor mation which is required from you. Mr. Train — That is impossible. I have given every infor mation in my power. My schedule has boen pre pared without falsification or prevarication, and I can do no more. Judge Miller—l believe the documents are en tirely under your control ? Mr. Train—No, my lord ; my father-in-law has the documents. Judge Miller—You could get copies of them. Mr. Train—As I understand you send me back to the Marshaism for perpetual impri sonment. Judge Miller—No; that is not my in tention. 1 have given you the best explanation in my power. More than that I cannot do. It is not I who keep you in custody ; that custody is under the power of another court. TRAIN PRONOUNCES HIS TRIAL A FARCE. As Judge Miller concluded these remarks ho appeared to think the affair was over; but Mr. Train was not to be "squelched" so easily. Turning from the judge to the audience he said in an excited manner—l came here as a stranger, and I must say that I did not get the fair play that I wouldif I were an Englishman or an Irishman. With regard to the fiat, I look upon the whole thing as a farce, and I believe it to be a political dodge. The official assignee-- Mr. Levy—Would your lordship allow me— Mr. Train —Allow me, Mr. Levy, I am now my own counsel. Judge Miller, who appeared very nervous, said he was anxious to allow every latitude to Mr. Train as a stranger to this country. Mr. Train-1 do not understand anything of your law. Judge Miller—l have made the decision I have done upon the ground that the schedule does not afford the requisite information. Mr. Train—l have given every information in my power. You said my first schedule was a farce. I say I believe it to be the most honest schedule that was ever brought into your court, and I pronounce my trial a farce. Judge Miller—l will give you any information I can, but I cannot allow you to comment !upon my judgment. Mr. Train—lt is altogether a political affair. Judge Miller — I cannot hear you on this topic. Mr. Train—You will allow me to make a remark. Judge Miller—l will allow you to make any remark you please, but I cannot bear you talking of politics. Mr. Train—l wish to say that all the persons engaged against me are Government officers. Mr. Ashurst (Ashurst, Morris, and Co.) is solicitor to the Post-office, Mr. Fitzgerald is a Government officer, and you are a Government officer. Judge Miller—No, lam not. lam not a Government officer. TRAIN APPEALS TO AMERICA. Mr. Train here turned to the audience, and, at the highest pitch of his sonorous voice, said—l here solemnly protest against the proceedings from beginning to end. I protest in the name of the American Government against this arrest. Your lordship stated that there was no ap peal from your decision in this court, but I appeal to the army and navy of the United States of America, and will yet have the power to remove you from the bench. There has been no fair dealing from the commencement. It i swindle of the British Government ; but I shall yet have power, and that before two years are over, to repaY them. The effect of this speech was electrical. Every per son in the densely-crowded court rose to their feet. Every sentence uttered by Mr. Train was followed by bursts of enthusiastic appla.ase, and at its conclusion the cheers were almost deafening. Judge Miller appeared to be not a little alarmed at the attitude of the people, and police men flocked into the court, ready to act in case of emer gency. When order was partially restored Mr. Train wag removed in custody. On making his appearance in the courtyard Mr. Train was greeted with cheers, and as he proceeded to the Marshalsea, in custody of two hatcluneei the cheering continued, until at Arran-quay some mem bers of the police force came up and dispersed the crowd, Mr. Train was then conducted to the Marshalsea without any further demonstration. GEO. FRANCIS TRAIN. THE GREENBACK QUESTION ILLUSTRATED.--If we were buying and selling fabrics by a yardstick of daily fluctuating—to-day, thirty inches; to-morrow, twenty eight ; next day, thirty-one, and so on—and if our gallon and bushel measures of quantity were equally elastic--an d if our standard ton were daily varying from fifteen bun' drod up to nineteen hundred pounds, with corresponding ilactuctions in the number of ounces in the pound —and if some mutton-head should open his face and gravely pro pound that we couldn't yet afford to return to the use ° f uniform yards, gallons, bushels, and tons, because we were so recently involved fn an exhausting civil war, and have come out of it loaded with a heavy public debt, wouldn t we readily agree to shave that fellow's sconce and put him into a safe place until he could talk less absurdly ? And wherein does our national persistence in the use as currency of that "false balance," which the Good Book pronounces "an abomination unto the Lord," differ from the course advocated by the mutton-head aforesaid Tribune. ACTS OF PARLIAMENT.—Up to the present time the number of public acts is 57, and of local acts 146. r ri Session commenced on the 19th of November. STATISTICS OF COINAGE. —The amounts of golds silver, and coppqr moneys coined at the Royal Mint in each of the years 1853-67 were as follows: —ln 1853, £11,94 391 ; in gold, £701,544 in silver, and £10,190 in copper. In 18 .54 the amounts coined in each metal were £4,152, 1831 £140,450, and £61,538 r e s p ec tiv e ly ; in 1855, £9,008, 663 1 £195,510, and £41,091 ; in 1836, £6,002,114, £462,. 28, and £11,418 ; iu 1857, £4,859,860, £373,230, and £6,720; in 18 53 1 £1,231,023, £415,896, and £13,440; in 1859, £2,649,509, £647,064, and £8,512 ;in 1860, £3,121,709, '18,403, s i ' d £37,990; in 1861, £8,190,170, £209,484, and £273,578; to 1862, £7,836,413, £141,518, and £352,800 ; in 18 1' £6,997,212, £161,172, and £151,648 ; in 1864, X9,53 5 , 59 ' 1 £535,194, and £18,069 ; in 1865, £2,367,614, £501,732, £57,493; in 1866, £5,076,676, £493,416, and £30,821; 111 ,, 1867, £496,397, £193,842, and £33,301. Th e t o t a l amou nt of moneys coined in 1853 was £12,664,125 ; last year, 1 8671 the total amount coined was only £723,540. The Ber b., Commissioners on International Coinage held a meeting lust Tuesday, at 6, Old Palace-yard. Present—Viscou nt Halifax, Col. Right Hon. J. Wilson Patten, M.P., Rig ht Hon. C. P. Villiers, M.P., Right Hon. S. Cave, M.P., Baron L. de Rothschild, M.P., Sir John Lubbock ; the Governe r of the Bank; Mr. T. Baring, M.P., Mr. Hubbard, ig• P " Mr. J. B. Smith, M.P., Mr. Thomson Hankey, t he Astronomer Royal, the Master of the Mint, and Mr. River ° Wilson (Secretary). DEAD WEIGHT IN A BOAT RACE.—A story is told Of Clodoche (Clodoche will be remembered as one Cf / 014 clowns, who performed a short time in London, at the Princess's Theatre), the extravagant dancer of the maske d balls of the Grand Opera and other theatres. He wag, Di the outset of life, an undertaker. Devoted to boating, " gave all his leisure hours to the oar, and belonged to a c row which frequently won purses in races. One day, when his boat was entered for a valuable cup, be was una ble to get leave of absence. A baby had died in the hoeP i tal, and he must carry it to the graveyard. Nobody coming to the baby's funeral, Clodoche put the little coffin und er his arm and set out for the graveyard. What harm s' oB there in going to see the boat race ? He had no soo ner a appeared on the river's bank than his comrades shou ted for him. Row he must. The honour of the boat de pended on him. Ho refused, and explained his position t ° ol them. They insisted upon his joining them, and WO °l take no refusal. He placed the coffin on the bottom o f the boat and took his oars. The boat beat all the other:* The victory was celebrated with many a bottle. It is' nights before he put the coffin under his arm and tu rne d his face towards Paris. What was his terror when 0 0 11 reaching Paris he remembered the octroi search WI ; thing. The coffin was opened. He was arrested. "' I story was investigated, and he was liberated from Prison, but dismissed from service as an undertaken—Spir it the Times. Twice lately John Hare's morning train from the north brought through Springfield 40 Canadian zollaVe en route for Italy and the Pope. Births. Dt FAIRBANX—On the 19th inst., at Windsor, the wife of Fairbank, of a daughter. JOHNSTONE —On the 21st inst., at Kilburn, the wife of 181°. Johnston-, , E: q., of a son. VAT.A.SSEUR—Ou the 17th inst., at Knockholt Kent, 31 0 7 Vavasseur, of a daughter. Marriages. , r , ftin HANRURI—TOW\LEY—On the 21 s t lost., at D o "7, l3 te r' Market Norfolk P. A. Haubury, Esq., 11. A. bar ri ''Or. at-law, to Illanclio, youngest dauglitJr of the 13t° Townley, Esq., of Downham. ilm •tgt MOORE—RYDER—on the 21st inst. at Bovingdon , Wi'liam Westby Mooro, second son of the li ne Ifou. Judge Moore, to Isabel, second daughter a Hon. Granville and the late Lady Georgians Bydor* Deaths. Old CURZON —On the 21st inst., at 10, Stratford-P1ac, P4 ,,„ 1 -0 Florance, wife of Captain G. A. Curzon, 2d Lif e u" - aged 27. JoEge NoBLE —On the 21st inst., at 2, Colnev-hatch - p ark, oble, Esq., aged 80. es 'd SETON—On the 16th inst., at 14, King-street, St. from the effects of an accident, Sir John baton, 0 1 corn, Bart., K.C.H., aged 72. , London : Printed and Published by WiLLIA.g MI D I 11 gt, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Da SUN OaleN ' w „,t/ 0/ Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, in the o°ll' Middlesex.—Thursday, July 23, 1868. --~ i 1 `,,,