The Sun. — London, England, 1850-01-29 00:00:00

i .. . - - .., . ........_____-_-_--- (.----, 1 ---...--:_,._,, , , ,, 1 , ,,,.. pa lb oitivi:4* . ~,, i ,. ' AO* _ 4 , , z , . ,k.., , A," , , . k . - iii X . • • ,„, , ''6,RE 0 lki, \N. 17 if' , \. ,c . . '''!. i :, " : I, - ' ......' 4 ' ,--, 4- --:-=, _ • .:,?' .. ' ?„ ; .; , ,,,, 44: •, , i 7 , ,,, , L) t-P. , , ,,, T.i3ii,z,...) .. , ("(( jr , i • n • , IV • 45. -4 - , 4 ' q 5":• !, .. - -,t-- ,, j:l',7, -i ":, ~-_, - ,j ' , 7,i,, , 1 . '4 \*r i' 37'' '' l:74lV X ~...„....,,,I1 :^ ''' I . ' - - • P' 1 _ ---.. -••-....., •,,..%,,,, t , ; „„ ~,..• , -, .2;- - :90 ,. . r3;04... /_ , 4 1 , 411 ••., . ~--,,,,-_.,., 1 , - ,. s. • , . , ,..,- ...,, _...._..,,,.. —.....- • -- _ p.„,, —A _ 4,,-.4-_-_,-A , .. -- " b 2 \ ' •••••-:,..L., ~ -.• rg - . .-/- , ..i, ,, • , ...y . 0 - ~ '', - 't? , --- -- - -.--.., 7, ~ .-. Z ' '' t ~ i ' et. . .• k-- •_. P.. J.-. 1 ' 41 ._.... * --.4 ' 4 .. „ .... .. „.16 , ~.,....o.......;"lsviiper*H,ll- '''.. , 4 * 1 .. ;1i , A1 ..,4 ., - .1.\ \ , c. ,, 1 . X l_ ''.....JLIF. I, 7 - . ~4 - - 1, o,.. , :'''' C' '- ' - `4 ' 4 -.."' l ' - _„1 ~,`...._ i,,, ..W .. 1 ii . -.:. ' ' , .6ti -• 44/ 1 \ ': "1 " bents, man char IT and artisans, if the - -11 'larid in embarrassmen t s , have submitted, and (Orr ° t, to tho conscquetv. eq. Yet how numerot e Jose classes in proportion to the landholders:! many thousands of merchants, shipowners, manni rem artisn.. • 1 _% I_ • P 211 I TRE COTIRT E MI AST TA 11017 SE, &Intik,- 25, 1850. OF DIRECTORS OF THE li qz ~-As'r INDIA. COUPANY do hereby - give notice, that the te„,„„, _ XCEIANGE at Which tizzy will rr . ceire Cash for Bills o n i_l4;:Z.ll?_ltiailras will from the pro ;cut date, and until further 231 k) Compan yit d. the Company's Rup ,e, and for Bills on .._ I JAMES C. MELVILL, Secretary. GUILDHALL, JANUARY 28, 1850. d a y N for LETTING the CITY'S P r 14 '',Y Or i'7,b7, 1)8 will 1 1EET at GUILDHALL on WxnxxsnAir, 1 1 ._,... 13 1 ,T 14 LETT - • al. Y . n ext, at One o'clock precisely, to receive TEN DE PS La tr I-• on R A SES, L for twenty-one years from La yd Y . L 'l'wo ti o ";,, n nee, o ,on the north side of Broad-street-bui!dings, u ell4 B , a '"ee. Nos. 28 and 29, on the south side of Broad-street- Yi'll'ari°,',te receive TENT-11/ERB for LETTING on LEAS-ES, for 17% tlilery.4.!. t l ir .." de ' s), from Lady next, a House, No. 9, Ilr 411.,"in'''roultY-road. 61, h e eoutl; ' Seven Ile neee, Nos. 53, 55, 56, 58, 59 ; 6 , 0 ' and os 47 anq 4i, en stde of Banner-square, Finsbury t Two 11°65`8''side. of ilan,er_the Bolan shit), and a House, No. 27, on the north . • or,Leweet. Finsbury; Nine HOWL N 33. 1 t() 9 inclunv . e, cu ii! sit ; ci7", Bairn - street ; and Eighteen lionsc.s, Nos. 7 to 24 in 1 1' °'S norther de of COlemln-s`reet Banner-stroc t worozahl.. ObtainZCaPtittr4ticulars and plans' may ' be 'aeon, and forms of ten., r e Ottee of Works, Guildhall. T I IOAIAS SAUNDERS, Comptroller. - - - - - Frd Etkp :4lf ms 12rA 1 1Z 4 N ° ,l7 803.] LONDON, TUESDAY _C ar 't-44 JANUARY 29 l_Bso, -Q 7 [PRICE SD. N LAND REVENUE. OLD BROAD-STREET, JAN. 12, 1880. Pursuant to the directions of the statutes 1 and 2 William IV., c. 22, and 6 and 7 Vic., c. 86 respectively, notice is ,hereby given, that on the days stated the following ARTICLES, LEFT in HACKNEY and METROPOLITAN STAGE CAIIREAGES, wore deposited in the Public Carriages Department of this office ; and unless such articles in claimed, and the ownership of them proved, between the hours of Ten and Three, and within one year from the time of their deposit, they will be disposed of, as directed by the above statutes. By order of the Board, NEW MONTHLY WORK BY MRS. ELLIS. Author of "Social Distinctions; or,. 'Hearts end Homes." On the Ist of February will be vtlblishei L t ho Second Part, price 25., to be continued Monthly; also in Ft rta ightly Parts, price ru- R'S. ELLIS'S MO R NING CALL. A TABLE BOOK OF LITER .'CURE AND ART. Part H. will contain: Self-Decepti at ; or, the History of a Human Heart—The Water-i7ress Girl Bean'y of Art—The •Morths —The Gentleman who never has 'Change—Woman's Smile— The Love of Ladye Anne (Song, the 7 4 asic by G. A. Macfarren, Esq., composer of the opera of " Ch sr lei H.") —Summer in the Sabine Mountains—The Grave on the Lido —A Passing Thought— Female Emigration—Mourbse Mayne' or, Never too Late Grounding for Fancy Wkr-ted Work- 4he Question—Re views of New Books, &c. It will also . - be embellished with Two beautiful Steel Engravings. THE RATIONALE OF UNRE- STREOTED TRADE. making and undoing food laws. The fArtners, instead of benefiting, have been at all times sufferers by a re liance on those proteitive delusions; and I fearlessly give it al my deliberate opinion that the greatest curse which the Protectionists could :low inflict on the Lnd owners and ft meta of no United Kingdom, would be 'o succeed, by agitation or otherwise, to reimpo!c duties en the importation of corn and other essential at ticl . s of food. . TO THE ELECTORS AND NON-ELECTORS 01 TE7..•E CITY OF GLA,`::;GOVV. . Gsmtlensen,—Amon g many other conflicting subjects, the following will most probably. engage the tqrse and conidert.tion of the session cf .Parlia,-uent which meets the 310,:. instant:—l. Free•t ra: l e and Protccsion; 2. Tht Condi'ion of Ireland; 3. Colonial Policy; 4. Taxa tion and Expenditure; 5. Electoral Reform. I um of opinion that the consideration of at Licsstfour of the above que s ti ons cannot and ought not to be procras tinated; but 11, not consider that the qaestion of Free trade and Protection requires, as aleadiag parliamentary subject, any further ditvussion.. The principle of this question is, iu my opinion, irrevocably settled; and it is only further necessary to abolish every restriction which may yet n- main on trade and rnanuf it:tures, in order to complete a system of 'uninterrupted intercourse of ships and of commodities between all the nations of the world. _ L Olgn 0 ~, 4'4and NORTH-WESTERN RAILWAY. 011 144 Rft ALTERATIONS OF TRAINS. , rier ti l :..... Cr the Ist February next, by order of the PAW:units r- Zeoing Preston The Up sight Mail Train, now ~ Lic e at 93p M. will be diirstehed at 833 r.m. rPool e Cheste at 915 r.sr. 00 Pf I, 4,2 8 , e at 10 13 r.m. I, ft a a t t 9 8 5502 P.M.: 1,11 4 4 0 7 t rat 9 35 PAL ff 0, at 9 12 P.M. Sta t e 10 aar, T "PER AND D IRMING a .or SECTION'. lea, kid the 615 Aat. Train will call th re instead. W. W. SUTHERLAND. Description. Date, 1849 Ott. Description. 18491 May;4o3 Carpet bag - - 15,406 Scarf - - July 415 Saw and oilcloth . 1 Parasol - - - 12417 Parasol - 2 Coat - - 13 423 Coat - - - 5 Fishing-rod and umbrella 13;424 Coat - - 6 Watch case - - 14;425 Painting- - - 9 Keys - 14,423 Two paper parcels - 4 Back-stick - - 161431 Paper-box - - '0 Coat - - 17432 Plate, Medical - 5 Lady's bag - - - 17434 Umbrella - - 3 Parasol - - - 18'435 Umbrella - - 9 Umbrella - 19,436 Umbrella - Rank note and key - 19437 Caps - - Coat .- - 19 441 Bandbox and Writing -5 UMbrella - - - 19 case - - - ) Paper parcel - - 21 443 Parasols (two) - 3 Parasol - - 23 431 Cot - - 3 Umbrella - - - 23 455 Bag - • i Coat - - - - 24 453 Parasol - - - • Two sticks - - - 24 466 Parcel - - • Purse - - - 24 467 Deal box - - • Parasol - - - 26 469 Livery coat - • Parasol . 26 473 Umbrella - - • At present, any successful egitetion fir so unwise a purpose as a renewal of food duties would revive f dse rdiaeces on protection, and expectations of profits, Oat would not only end in disappointment, but would, from being founded on erroneous calcula'ions, divert landowners and farmers from that economy, skill, and industry which alone can save them. Protection would de'ude them into more ruinous procreetination; and from at once submitting to an inevitable necessity—that ( f con sidering the soil of the Unite I Kingdom in its de lode quality—that is, as a raw material, which must k - e wrought, not at the expense of other raw meteriale, nor of other branches of industry, but upon the principle that the owner of the raw material (land), and its ma nufacturer (the farmer), together with his workm en , wilt have to di v id e among them the value of its produce at the price for which they can sell it in the market, and in such parts as they may agree upon a m ong t h ems elves; that is to eay, the farmer ought not to give the owner of the raw material (the land) snore than he considers will leave him, on an average of a cycle of seasons, enough to pay him for the cost of labour, implements, and other outlays fir production, a profit to mainta,in himself and family with sufficient food, clothing, and shelter. The wotkman ought also to receive for wages as much, at least, as will feed him so well as to maintain him in health and full bodily strength, to clothe him sufficiently arm aid deeent, and to shelter him against the incle mency of the weather. If these arrangements are impracticable, it follows that the raw mania), Jand, is not sufficiently valuable tolle ninereetured, unless tee inaltifccltirers of Offei raw materials are mulc:cd of part of their gains to suc cour tie inferior raw article. This would be a manifest injus;ice—ln legislation a robbery. If this just and impartial rule be enforced, the raw met-rial of land can have no plea for special favour over u producedct s to i n b e E taxed, nglau d ought to f o o t o h a e , r a p r q o u p a e r r t t a y r . o f lf w p h r e o a d t pay exactly the same number of shillings or pence as if producol in the Ukraine, Ohio, or any other place; that is to say, an excise on the consumer, ai is the practice in Prussia, Holland, and several other gates. I, how ever, consider that, of all articles, the essential feed of time ought to be free from legislative restriction and taxation. Tax distilled spirits, tobacco, and exciting stimulants a; high as you caw—merely guard against exceeding the point of temptation for the smuggler to come in and cheat the revenue; but let it be the first care of Government and of a Legislature to remove every impediment of protective and fixed duty.between the essential food of man and the mouth of every man, woman, and child in Gre a t B r it a i n an d I re l an d . In order to expose the utter futility and the pernicious effects of legislating, for supplying food in abundance, and for regulating prices, I will briefly advert to the most prominent acts of the Government and Parliament wish respect to corn. As early as the' .reien of Richard L, that crucial knight-errant, on findin g ; severa l s hi ps at St. Valery in France laden with corn from England, im mediately hung all the masters and crews of those WI.- eels, and sent the corn back to be eaten by the English. The dread of a dearth, in consequence of the famines which had efllcted the country at various periods. was considered paramount even to the horrors of war. The proclamations forbidding the exportation, and for punishing the "engrossere," "regraters," and "fire stallere" of cern and food, are curious examples of human folly. In Elizabeth's time she compelled those who converted lands that were at any time ploughed is. to pasture, to restore them to continued tillage, which she followed up fer four years, afterwards by- her celebrated poor-law. In the reign of Charles the First various edicts arid proclamations were issued, " fixing the prices of food;" "prohibiting exportation of corn and butter;" "for preventing the dearth of corn and victuals;" and, in the " very great expectation, at that time of a ge nein' scarcity of corn, &c., requiring " that, "according to ancient nod laudable custom, there be a general ab stinence from suppers on Fridays, and on the eves of fast-days, and on Wednesdays and Saturdays in the Em 2135 Watch and Chain - _ . " A. long, successful, and useful career • :inny be anticipated fur the ' Morning Call' "--Morning Adyertiser. . " The name of the cditress will hd a asflicient reccmmendarion." —Sun. " We argue well ror the future RUCCESS this book."—Dispatci John and Frederick Tullis, Lon , Um and New York. LIFE. Illvtrated " Phiz." By order, %be rg „. MAP.K 'WISH. (Tann alanager's 01 Ice Eileen Station,ery 23, 1850. - 411GZLE SUB_SdRIPTION ROOMS, Grew *ail,. m uste „, _. 'Ma dre!ll-street, St. Jaames. __... jun. 4, ,4,!.l}irector and Conductor, M. LA:IT/MN I, 1, iv op'`lut;MY for Tuition and Practice of DANCING, Is 1),4 3', an E A N L for th'e season. Teaching by Professors Calkins, B,,!.or.lne;:',!_trancent. ti 011,7,1)." rrivate Tuition apply at the office.—Terms 0f . ..tu . b.: i i .° N th ' 1 1 • i s. . RIM evening practice:—Six months, at. " ! aeir er , ,i. is.. 0 Th e pl . , no evening, Is. Subscribers' tickets not c'' , ll ek, Z,llp' will open for evening practice at a Quarter to Eight Elit e .„ ll lit e jiTnate at Half-past Eleven precisely. d MONDAY -(44/ 0 ~_ tef lit. Litjaii,p, ar.., 1 3 Axe__ for - "ne 4tb ofebruary.—'' J"'" illt r . _ 440XDON INDISPUTABLE LIFE t... , 40011 b,, PO LICY COMPANY r . th e ~„,.!v RA TED BY ACT O F PARLIAMENT, . --- quiple or Mutual Life Assurance, the whole Profits Longing to the Assured. i 11.0 . 31, LoIIBA.RDSPEET, LONDON. 014,,, k ' 4 4. 5141,1 libq R enton ....s TatisTßE?. 41 C ooner, Esq., M.P. '44 ' 4q "- tv 'c l .' e " . " M.P. I Richard Filer Madox, Esq. wn,, - Wilma Wilb erforce, Esq. 4.0.1Za 41A , 4411 .:4 tel ve'rT/I'rßoti -street. ;:TtitAtkiagti-,lt:sql3.,elYiin.lte Bart•eoait, Lombard-street. tre America-square. It4h, c i Ttt)iso,„ii Branivrell, Esq . !. Prospect -place, Kilburn. h ert a 1114% EN :: .C_ han c,i cerY4 f r an : . Pall-mall. ~Jco a . i ln n i aes: l l l ,a ; i iirt t: t e r ia ' a E s ; 3 l z ; , E . As q' fs r g e ii-plac ic a e a , Thu ' rloe-square. , Clement's 4. aensC• _....y. veiaTin, parn:Lgq, eirth;Tlrc•rfAcraZtstreett, UR Mark -Iwo. iieo rge _ P ili ain U /1 4141111. 4 req Alultneisramuni. e-grave. ~Nilta T - • atarling, esq Cba(go.alley, City. " 44 11/ 4 4 1 ::". Pin, Parli'ament-street. uortyStositizlsrsEsqi, Poultry. c. A t d, and CO. SEcßETAß.T— raT t id r Alis t on, E_sq_. f ,tli t I t , 24 I:ABDINGTON LOCAL BOARD. tta'-I'. 'Tanic,-4,"aatight-terrace. Edgewere(road. t.th41,,2t .creed,-„,7u!rgold Boone, A.lll , Stanhope street, Hyde-park. ,110,r,Zemilb,44,u2:,:lks-crcseent, Oxford-square. , `ii ri.'ileftv.:l,s As'n"o,t, , z i ., l E , v o tl i i i oNli r e e - e terra o e 113 de-park. t,P a rtinan-squarc. 1. 11 son, Esi., . Eas tbourne -terrace, Hyde-park. N il ! PoL lot Nikkike ' 4 , 4 ,4E1 044 , t 8 issued by this SeCnicrpeatarnyy Lo C t li nz as. Houghton, Esq. li kl i '4tr al i a e and negotiable Securiti., They iN m p ay lB a r t ij a T n l y ß tin E 4 ' l ' 4 i, 4 3 bl e tn. money transactions, their Ted ity . not being iii rti doe uole in th e , „. ease of ordinary Policies, upon the import of the reb fr ant ;11-. " e ( t as Family ProN:sions, they relieve the oss -011,/ itlid. 'IOWA ' '''R/1,, '? tO tl7t cart a.n. and anxiety as to the result of Assuranc es kieti `,, th e ,s`' inmertaat improvement in the practice of Life As 1, eisa,„ Pr93ress of th. 41.Ofir,, c r Of it s bns, is Con-many has been rapid from the coin %lst;,, it mess, and is steadily increasing. Ise eln ef t!t3 and every other information, may be oh di AtrEtt bITIt A eONIiTSON, Manager. " L IFE, the MIRROR ry,f the MILLION," a neyv Weekly Family Journ: LI, Serious and Comic, with numerous Engravings. No. I. will be pubi , bed on Saturday, 1 gei Taary 2. Price Twopence, Stamped Threepence. Country Agents supplied with Show C at ds, Bills, &c., on applica tion to Joseph Clayton, Publisher, 265, Itr and. Just published, pr! ec 45., r HE BRAZILIAN SLA\ P TRADE, and iti Remedy; showing the Futility of ;repressive Force Measures. Also how Africa and our West I Alan . ~ bitonies may be Mutually Benefited. Book - - - Two law papers - - 27 - 27 174 Umbrel,a 475 Umbrella By T. R. H. THOMPS( Lt, M.D. Simpkln and Marshall, Stationers'-hal I—court; and Holliston and Stoneman, Paternoster-row. Liverpool: ,George ?Hip and ion. 70 Spectac'es - - 27 72 Coat - - - 74 Snuff-box - - - 28 75 Book - - - - 28' Coat - - - 28 Umbrella - - - 30 Umbrella and parasol - 30 Two whips, &c. - 30 Augui 176 Shawl 478 Victorine 481 Coat - 483 scarf - 490 Writing-case 492 Shawl 494 Coat - Avip S'S CANDLES, Cid. End sd. per lb.; wax-wick moulds, 6d.; comp( site, 7 1 ,4 d., 9d., and 9%d.; Botanic wax candles, is.; German wax, Tie 25.; fine wax, Is. 54. ; transparent wax, Is. 81. and Is. 10d. ; b s,t wax, 2s. Id.; sperm can dles, Is 81. and It , . 10d. ; metallic, 7d. d 8d• ; mot le d soap 5 65. end 60s. per 112 lbs. ; yel ew, 443., 50 ;., , and 565. ; Windsor soa - t, Is. 4d. per paeZet ; brown Windsor, Ir,. 91. ; rose, 2:. ; almond, 'is. 6d.; s; erm oil, 7s. 6d. per gallon ; solr 3s. Sl. ; argent], 4s 6d, ; sealinz wax, 4s. 6d. pc , * lb., for cash, at B AV! fil^Vs old established warehouse, 63, St. Mart:ll'BJan°, opp of ite ,Westminster County Court (late New Xlauxhter's Coffee-house) 91 Ring 92 Routiot-liox-auclpap. Sol 94 Umbrella - 95 Coat - - 96 Coat and umbrella 99 Parasol - 01 Coat 02 Coat 06 Coat Oi Ring 11 Coat 505 Shawl 506 Coat - - - - 5 512_Carpei bag .- 6 513 Umbrella and stick - 6 515 Coat - - - 6 517 Umbrella and cane - 6 519 Parcel - - - 525 Two umbrellas aryl pa r 1526 Shawl - 1527 Scarf - ; 532 Coat 533 Coat 531 Shawl - 535 Air-cushion - 541 -Cane - - 543 Umbrella - 549 Rug - - 550 Leather case - 551 Boa 552 Muff 453 Coat 554 Cap - 555 Opera-glass 556 Scarf - - i5B Silver plate - 560 Opera-glass - 561 Rug - - 562 Keys - - 1 563 Umbrella - 1566 Cdat - - 1567 Keys - - 1564 Parcels - - 5/9 Book - 572 Shawl - 573 Parcel - 575 Parasol - Carpet bag - 5S 1 Bonnet boa - / 586 Umbrella - 586 Two cotton umbrellas - 23 589 Umbrella - .591 Parasol 599 Passport - 6.0 Boa - 602 Shawl - - 603 Cane - - 606 Umbrella - 607 Air-cushion - 608 Two umbrellas - 8 p ERFECTION—THE ' YFFSPRING OF COMPETITIO NI 1 Gentlemen desirous of seeing garments cut in the purest style of art should call at the fashionable Establb h:, malts of L.HYAMandCO. Merchant Tailors, Woollen Drat )ei s. and Outfitters, 86, OXFORD-STREET, an. 36, GRA VECHURCH-STREET, LONDON. p ALETO TS , PARISIAN SACS and OVER COATS. The largest, cheapest, and most recher, stock in the great me tropolis of the above fashionable garments,; now to be seen at the Establishments of - 31 - . . 8 -8 12 Coat - 19 Parmol - 21 Coat - - 4 1 • 41 - 10 - - - 10 - - 10 127 Parasol - 130 Coat - 134 Coat - 139 Scarf - [37 Bandbox [39 Umbrella !40 Stick 42 C .at 43 Parasol 144 Bundle - 45 Cheque - - - 14 - - - 14 - _ - . 14 - 10 - 10 L. lIYAM and C 0., Merchant Tailors, Woollen Drap , m-s, and Outfitters, 86, OXFORD-STREET, and 36, CT to XECHURCII-STREET, LONDON. WELCOME NEWS for WINTER DAYS. If you are desirous of attiring y' r wself in the warmest and most beautiful garments, at the lowest sea la of charges, visit the ex tensive Establishments of 150 Coat 152 Parasol - 153 Parasol - 154 Coat - 155 Coat - 153 Coat - 161 Hat-caso 164 Coat - 165 Telescope Snuff-bog - 167 Drawing• book 168 Shawl - - 170 Coat - - 173 Two scars - 175 Brooch - - 176 Coat 177 Parasol - - 178 Purse - 180 Rug - - 182 Coat - - 183 Umbrella - 187 Coat - . 189 Umbrella - 192 Scarf - 193 L mbrell a - 195 Umbrella - 199 Shawl - 200 Coat - 204 Umbrella and parasol - 23 206 Coat - - • - 2.3 208 Umbrella and" yard me a- - 16 - 131 L. lIYAM and C , ) 86, OXFORD-STREET, and 36. GRAC a :CHURCH-STREET, LONDON. Excellence in fabrics, perfection in cut, ar d superiority in workmn ship are the great characteristics of th es. fashionable EstabllS ments. 15 IS IT YOUR PURPOSE TO SAVE MONEY If so, patronise the extensive Fyst%lalisinnents of - 16 L. En.3land C,CL, Merchant Tailors, Woollen Drap era, and Outfitters. METUOPOLITAN ESTABLI ISV4ENTS. 86, OXFORD-STREET, and 3i, GI A CECHURCII-STREET, LONDON. _ BELNCII ESTABLISrir COTT& 53 and 65, Lord-street, Liverpool 61, Kir g-street, Manchester. 23, New-street, Birmingham. 26, Ma net-street, Manchester. 42, Wine-street, Bristol. 42, Bri rgate, Leeds. 6, Union-street, Bristol. 17, irket-place, Hull. 19?, High-street, Exeter. 48 Ar gyle-street, Glasgow. - 21 - -3 sure - 210 Opera-glass t 212 'Pocket-book . 2:4 Coat and book's 215 Mantle - 216 Umbrella 215 Coat ' - 223 Parasol - - 226 Note-book • - - 23 - 24 - 24 - 5 • 281 229 Cane - 233 Spectacle • 236 Two parasols Sept. - H . 4 T17„11 ESPECIAL P 9 .TRONAGE OF p. 4k..1,, t• C ActollS MAJESTY TUE QUEENIIER MOS r . p t 1%.1,t\ ~.qt GF:NERAL ASSURANCE ON EA ST Iv '"44t.14 NAVAL, MILITARY, - ' I )L, . ~,rld GENERA PLACE, ASSURANCB SOCIETY, 4 *". WATERLOO LONDON. , lig e . Ail;rt,nt„.... DIRECTORS. l Siru„/tIC SMITH, K. 11., F.R.S., li. . E l?. C . l . ? ah 7l ^all . ' ..ipNiractl,,NT D ANIELL Esq., Deputy - ! 3 !... 1 7 41 kier. G 'e Right Bon. Sir G. Cockburn, G.C.B. (4, 1 , , cseral Sir J. Cockburn, Raft., G.C.H. ksi o .. 4 Sir Thernasßradford G.C.8., G.C.H. 14cj iitt (4'ne tal Slip Ross, 6 ( 1 ., 31 (1., K.C.Ii. Nltai',l,tlit-tlen-eral S . ir JOhn ' Gardiner, K.c.rt• , taioer.'l'4l Sir hew D. lima, K.C.8., R.A. 44„ .. _ . ~.'ir George Back R.N., F.R.S. ‘l.al'ar. Oieneral Taylor, C". 13 E I.U.S. C.E. Ilkicrileral Edward W ynyara, 4,eilitaieheral Arnold, K.K., K.C. antai ct li ftir, Esq. M.D. \ l'ili ar „, ll William Lancer, BE. 11)4 -, Chard, Esq Na'vy Agent (4.jorl"tri,4l:l Taylor is*q. sliahr jelleral Str'John Rolt, K.C.B. 4elaaar..l4'ellSe•rSaeltlteby C. 8., E . T.C.S. Sir gorge orgePolleck, G.C.B. CsDiie Williain Cupnr. R.N. Iktt, des ti Xichael Qui"; it' ir. • to,Z444sitrßeg,:-.:Atessrs. C ' ou . tts and Co., 59, Strand. ,A,,ttt,,,,..,,,,n---zo,ilt. s,,..easonarrel,esi,,Fsciergusson Forbes, M.D., K.C.H., F.L.S. -at...\/01 ---iiniviand Neate 4' 57, Li nco l n ' s Inn- kis E Se s r g le-street, Lincoln's Inn o -_ _fleys. 4^ i. '4ljinlaison E ' h. ” Corarnment Calcalator, and ...,11411:Tni(14411ta,,. are' !;A ssent o f Institutethe s s ' of Actuaries. of persons ill every profes- - lii ~,, t , , , ,114 i n iiT' e lea upon the live 4 4 l ila ile W eB , : end for every part of the world, with the ex addition to b, c','let i t3 o ;F• 11 Coast of Africa with'n the Tropics. l iii, - 1,, - ',.,eit ti . s . plltins are constructed upon s m ou od nd er p a r t I n ' L ite "'EN - ° , p , iy, and, by payment of a ersons assured in ' Li te il4, ,iii, in case of increase of risk, P iriumt forfeiting principles c a i c i ld l e l t s l' olir I 'IN. etaliZe from ono climata to another w . Alb, c[ the aostveiin T _4B WRIOII IT . : a_r t eelividecl aongst the BRETTELL, Secretary. k.; ,i.i t' , '" - ---- i , (1, 4 1 ' 1 511 4. et'tic en , AND CAMBRIAN A.SSUR. - -TT, FOR FIRE, LIFE, ANNUITIES, AND Ciflct St 9 (p elf . 1) o aDi , eetn, ,Fevisionally Registered.) . 1) olts t4 it lee 'IIDGE-SITREET, Blackfnars, London. 1e01e 4 , 3 , la. 31 t OO Ol., in 12,000 Shares, of 121. 10s. each. e tee t ,,s9 fo r e; First call, including Deposit, 20s. per Share. 1, to be regPectuses and Shares, and for Agencies in Town . e addressed to the Secretary. 4ee . BY order of the Board, &shit IRA Ws u GEORGE ANGUS, Secretary. 1?(itls, e,-;111,8TAU11108, and WHISKERS produced in a ' /At .altiness removed and prevented, by the use of I ta he B ,'-e 0N - E'S AROMATIC a t le ere , 0(04 / ta ant r' GENERATOR. tinet; IreOrat 44, of that beautiful adornment of the human llri t ' Of q ~h ale 4 Pe.Y of human h an through the post, or ar 3 elr 4 rle/ 5/0 .. !etttil chemist or drugg ist, or perfumer, an 11s. tssclie l ls'e fe e ,e l e e A.roniatie Regenerator. This is an essential lit i , l , - 1; Zitto:' aronlatic herbs and flowers (grown at his Her -414),N10. Z i l i ,onli ' , v / I . li ell has been long known to the nobility and ea,' , i i ue Bet - 'BII4IIIY appreciatd for its manifeld virtues, too 5 , ,, e o ' 4 tt wh it , forth in an advertisement, but may be read in his 14,,teer, i Teh let ; i t the bottles are enclosed. °i 4 • 4 l ,, i 'teie„ l4 , ll eat e a ! t he si gnature of William Grimstone, Merchaat, eh ) met l e , fetter "rld will be found at page 11, under the copy of htt; 1 1)4" 1 G, to the Editor of the "Times" newspaper, 7th Ti t o st e hiet 1 5 tr eti t A re, lee k for Warded through the post, on receiving two Na t i lli t e Ll4ti e Re to thq,D°lt.of,,enerator can be forwarded through the post on 4f 1 1 4 a 'Ntg," e rater for 4s. 6d Is Sd or 125., which in. 4 h the ' tlee „„ With tb - " " ** g e CaSO 4 11 4 lt „o With f • 11, 4 441 1 ) 11 4114 Y vi uur °f the 4s * published h, l e , t enci,, flues, as thousands can prove, are Rte 11,', k it s'.. e _ e s "d with each bottle. it r 4r) eet f o --------______ ~, I ll a q,' '41,,,.'411)t, the tW ininutes, and if you are 40 years of age, ` 4 ,51 41 4tie °nth thousands of blind you meet with in yonr tar l ,ll o ,, 4 for 43, si nus coloured eye-shades ; indeed, such was 'ght m lglet:szliaties, that it was a business. What has re 541let,,alter,Deople (7, l, Qings, and given place to a straightforward, e'e eelei 'ea,l te e g ee`e..e eillnate is the seme) I'l: tell you the cause „lle, „_''' ,s l,,,,,'Utt e lee` eirrinistone''s E e ' Snuff ! and because it cured 4e s '° l l / 4 ',. , ds of /1-I:r,reoe, :i ataract, y Nervous Ileadach, and Deaf ept'l'e.s4, 'lira, startl e - "e re asury directed it to be denominated a m ,eate,te- seine eeee. Although this advanced its character, 67 e a ee t te lAg .. I ,l Vred ' f r ge let, a 'Flee , by the informers, still it was an act of 4 4, 1 ,e1 54r . el, 4 , 1 ,, he Solicitor of Stamps, Godfrey Sykes, Esq. , ,144,,,,_ its sale under order of the Lords of 4 4' 0 1(4 Crlre,r o l ter of protection signed by lorries, Esq., to ‘4l3 ; :' rl i thle ' i f e l ie eue e 4 ,,,' be aring date ' lBth February, 1825. This was 014 \i;ettetTte.reeeh*-4:fee qualities, being sold at that time in cants eq% ' STO ..'s olei Y erY Poor family. But under this order of (e y el le eete. ged e o be . .. e ar t , eit hip' stamped. 4die,„, e 4„, Petel,hie4 ICATEH EYE SNUFF, sold in canisters, ,3;elee,l'oirder, il"tef Medical and other testimon , ials, under the 44 3:' in ehiel At le i s• lid 2s 9(1., and 4s. .6d. each. 1 4, t bre' l ne * each If ** * the ost Is. fide 3s. 6d., and of , - ell ,-euel Postee e e through p , . e s eroof ' t "‘e. The following letter is one out of the , 444ee leg. - Screed fro m Iredieal Testimony to the cure of fly! casefi eet ie Senr . 0, Seett,,, ,a •IL Loutell, Professor of Galvaism..7- ,. 11 R• I' t eqi,,,oittd.ros,_, near Portsmouth, 'lents, sth Nov., i1e41:0... n r a 41 'e Itet," lem weg•--81r—I must in justice to you send the e I ° eeNe..,,ee'tes 0 ,," regard to the extraordinary tee-.4‘ke what 11 (31 1 1 4 ' i,."`titta, Screen• I have used it in five cases with efficacy of your 44 lb ou use 3 , eeneflt awl e t ; eo ee you may advertise All''' l ls 0?,.., 4 / P le aae. The * cure r s ' have wholly astonished te lot rie. 4 oe 'rls te (11, 8 * -- e s i am, Sir, &c., •e tl ta tr ,' tt w h i Mr win... isUTELL, Professor of Galvanism." th sto 11e,..„e,11 e stabit 'anl Orlinstone, Ilerbary, Highgate, near t sat ° *in • . s Top ,reblnent he continues to manufacture his a .4 letter ;''''CO, so much ,e. h ogtlie ~ e n tes ts r e s" e tis/,,Nee e plei tan „ vlee„,,. e Y o its dellghtfu Iqualities, is from 't emod in all foreign parts. le "1 3. ` eat o " 1 ect t ,'''''f llome ' 'ee °lir il et de te „ age, Honiton, Devon 15th August, 1348 . loht,alned e„ elee erb te e MYself th ' e ea .ueb ocee - 9 pleasure of stating how highly I • 0 1(t e 4 _zee 44lthere "• I have now found in it a substitute for fire, 5 4 te at by me from a friend in Constanti eeeet,"*e's Of inild fr t Tobacco would find ~ To * 1 414 e gift ' aZran Tle ‘ fr • Willi eel y, ir fat a very reasonable price. testa en / ,, , . 4 , 14 ~ ..obedientservant, 1 , ,,e oie sl° ely.f 4 lire s/ '.' MART FARQUIIA.RSON, D.C.L. ri., 2 2 ' 4 .1'8, ',!Alltdi 011 e, Herbary Highgate." • 9 d., ~t ril l*. ',eaceo is sold by all chemists and drug -45 reach ine.luding the Government stamp Mush' PRYFilt°e A „bY 'l'lllll-------- gt cdle.e., i1 n A ,1 4,, , to tdeva llast--T EDITION. ZbLltclitio 3 ne .4p th lo s ,Al4o 44 oloure '1111,E !: ilTßßgrfifil'7' on W . APA • P yadit : ,et ',',lrZ,:d t,4%lE.i.ir, TO MARRIAGE. , .' "r-.l t h 4)l4 . m . t ,Lie E 9 i a r h a,P-9. Just published, Price 2s. 6d., or t'tl i -4)1 S IL K• 01 .12 111 3 / ,' ',_ - ``z/lraent, as. 6d. in postage vtamps, 'l,,tilvt 11 4,, r411 ,,, tag ned -(11EN, a Medical Work on i7alint`z4.trk,i'ol"ce, ink4ittay of the generative system, from ex 14p1rttps, 11 4 0:rin g , °'''-', Smd the inordinate u7e of islreary, I,:ilot rott : ,t 4 .4„atte,, tad the raelns of obviating certltn cla- Y 2C eolourtEl Engravings. Isy It• rold kitltorti 1.40 11,1 0 . -04 3111 144't.1a Z'tkr.r,2- Potdi.hbing Surgeons, 1), Bernors7str;tOrt,apOxe liktretit'ltchb.;,;e..; //a - a e {l by the An . tlim e rs r .d by g , 1 : 0 , 1 0xford-ctrett ; 4 4! I: ire 4 '11'44, ij orn;al 4 ;et 7 — and Gordon, 146, Leaden t 1'44.41P 43ail°"11° 4 ,, ,, .tr 4nratedeknab°MY and physiology of the re-productive 411144x1t)514 t httZth; ,b3;seSizquf,i,olotrea Engravings. -Tom OXCeaStrelidttl l'4l.4ladi;4B.ltri,,tniltatle eleiro:r r tr ul v n at.m i producing mental tt,l4ti,, i rtt 1 11 Y Ti, , e , 4ervous ez eite , lent e , Ind 'generative nespacity. rhr,, ; tr t , ts Japj r , to • b '', IT Zngravings. tet,,,lNtt°,,ieo,dta., discuse3 resulting from infection, either in F,), 14 •1t t1 7, v 3: ! 1 " ThLa• -44efiltoirt41san...d eitntabla explicit directions Coloured t V it: 4 alto D i cak in _ _ Mustrate.4 by Seven can em tr : 2 1111,4 kippit;ikrreeeriptt?'n for the Prevention of Diseme 4 PAt et„.tleo lh 'Porta .A - it\ by which the danger of infozdon Is oh n • Part of the Work ehonld no eae: , ,o the tile • ti, L 's dev 1,,,,,_‘ 1 4, 84 c t ,„ ()I ced to f ! .., , icr ‘,o4t, .., Jett c ~,,orolnetice7nosidetation of , marriage. and its -.,, t , N s , --.. 3 or ....e g ~,t , ...terp0 1,1 4 ; it ritiz a u, and un on are aim coneidered, and 'eni - '• hand B, A , t ‘t tl, grllu'°BoPhicalir inqatred into. totbes., _ , n_ >nal debily t ern s l la exeluei—sly employed in treat -9 :Yi f or ~,.''Y'llectitrat.... r , , impotence, Ils. and ;las. rer j ue rt , ; ,r npu,;;:qcVi nt Orated . here,l'e P nence, e.n anti-syphilito :t.,4_1',41.1-2 and th o „,,?.od case.: ofinfettioa, stcOndary *MP.. rl rEth,,::: • 11 ; Nn.....,... - v . se ~f ~...._ , q, "q tl , — "oy f r , .''':nic 15 ,_ z - ~cry, lls. and BZs. yer bottle. *IN:A• 'II , Ir 'e' biz, gonorrL, . ‘",• - 4 ., 4a. 6d. and lie . per Lox, a • 1 , th, , {.-.olee, -—, .!,eleet, strietnre ' d 'IANm :: „ .... 0. 1, r. 4 f1a•*, , ,,..ti„ fee if b. 411 .chronic inflamms. tithe • ro ~, ~.,11,-,- ..1 1 ; ., ~,e , ha q t, ~,: •1, .? t,!r i li, A zffinute, gitiV ate'iltt,i, 8 47 . 4 c! 7. h '.'k nt h'u ..1,-161altl!:-°in-attio'.cletiT; it 9 _ Ata,,emit:,'" r 3. Perri, Sii i - gcO .' na * , ' are in attest. , ti, )4 ki ve to Eigillt. Onford-street, London from Xi°. Il " 814 444 frt?rg 414 en t 9 We 242 Cloak - - - 243 Parasol - - - 214 Four parasols and camp- stool 245 Coat 216 Coat 247 Parasol - 254 Parcel - 255 Parasol - 257 Coat - 258 Bag (lady's) 262 Coat - 2G4 Parcel - 265 Parcel - 273 Foot-rug 276 Parasol - 277 Coat - 279 Itti.; 281 Trowsers 233 Umbrella 286 Victorine 287 Spade - 289 Parasol - 291 Coat - 292 Coat - - 293 Table d'sh and 2 plates - 15 294 Umbrella - 303 Parasol - - 304 Coat - - 305 Brooch - - 307 Hat gibes - 308 Cap - - 309 Parasol - - 310 Umbrella - 314 Carpet bag - 315 Coat - - 316 Bag, stick, and umbrella 201 317 Cap - SlB Scarf - 320 Coat - 321 Coat 325 Umbrella 326 Coat - 328 Parasol - 329 Basket 330 Boa - 332 U nbrella 333 Shawl, &c. 335 Ring - 336 Rug - 333 Spectacles - 340 Coat - 344 Coat - 347 Coat - - 348 Umbrella - 354 Coat - 358 Umbrella - 360 Parcel 363 Blue Bag 365 Cloak - 368 Book - 369 Cane - 370 Muff - 372 Umbrella - - 375 Parcel - 37,i Brooch - - - 373 Coat and parasol - 379 Coat - . t 3I 380 Boa - 331 Umbrella 383 Coat - - 384 3 umbrellas,l2 sticks, and parasol - 387 Carpet bag - 383 Stick - 389 Pocaet-book 292 Cigar-case - 393 Umbrella 394 Rug - . 396 Umbrella - 402 Umbrella - - 18 - 19 - 19 - 20 - 24 . 26 - 26 - 23 - 23 - 29 - 29 • 31 1850 Jan. - 7 - 7 - 7 - 7 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 H E NOVELTY most recently introduced by MESSRS. NICOLL is called NICOLL'S PATENT EIDER DOWN PALETOT, such novelty consisting in the adaptation of Eider Down in the formation of NICOLL'S PALETOT, the original elegance and utility of which is, however, faithfully preserved. Eiders are Sound In great numbers in Iceland and the Fcre Islands, where their beautiful and delicate down is well known to In proof against the most severe cold, and even the small quantitj which can be compressed and concealed between the two hands, wil, serve in the formation of a Meat, which, while it has most extra• ordinary lightness, has, nevertheless, more warmth than the fines' and thickest blanket, the great desideratum for a winter garment being thus accomplished, namely, personal warmth without fatigue. Public inspection is invited at, MESSRS. NICOLL'S wholesale and retail wareroorus, 114, 116, and 120, REGENT. STREET, and 22, CORNIIILL, London. TTHE NICOLL PALETOT (Registered 6 and 7 Vict., cap. 65) WAEEROOMS, /14. 116, 120, REGENT STREET. and 22, CORN HILL. Many have assumed the use of the word PALETOT, but Messrs. NICOLL are the solo Patentees of the design and material. The Wholesale and Courting House Departments for the London Branches in the Shipping and Woollen Trades are i n CHANGE ALLEY, CORNHILL, and 120, REGENT - STREET. The NICOLL is the distinguishing ca me g iv en to a garment secured by Royal Letters Patent from general imitation. It has all till advantages of Messrs. NICOLL'S original invention, the RE GISTERED PALETOT of LLAMA CLOTH. The NICOLL PA LETOTS are charged One, Two, Three, and Three-and a-half Guineas, according with the elfin to or purpose for which they inay be required, FOOS A 1413 DAMP MIL ARCLAY'S ASTHMATIC CANDY has, for LB many years, been proved an effectual preservative from the ill effects of the Fogs and Damp Air, which, in the Winter Season, are so prevalent in this Climate. Its effects are to expel Wind, to preserve the Stomach from the admission of Damps. and to relieve those who suffer from Difficulty of Breathing. Prepared only by Barclay and Sons, 95, Farringdon-strect, London; and sold retail, by their appointment, by Sanger, 150, Oxford-street ; Gifford and Co., 104, and 11. Burfleld, 180, Strand ; Johnson, 68, Cornhill ; anti all respectable Medicine Venders in Town and Country. Observe:—None can be genuine, unless the names of " Barclay anti Son." axe on the Stamp affixed to each Box. Just published, price as., Bvo. in cloth, STRICTURE of the URETHRA; its Pstho logy and Rational Treatment, with important Practical Ob savations on the Use and Abuse of Instruments in the Treatment of Obstructions ef the Ur:nary Canal ; ehowing how it Is that Stric tures, in most cases, not only resist, but are aggravated by the ordi nary means adopted fer their cure, and at length become s•erlously complicated by the so-called " consequences of Stricture." The whole illustrated by numerous cases, which will be found to embrace every possible form of Stricture and its consequences, together with appropriate means of cure. By F. it. COURTENAY, Those who arc labouring under long -protracted stricture, with all Its accompanying miseries, will Iliad detailed in this work modes of treatment adapted to such cases, the efficacy and superiority of which have been tested by repeated practice; whilst these who are suffiring under the less severe forms ef the disease may find the means of prompt relief, and at the same time such Information as will protect them from becoming the victims of unskilful and violent treatment—the main-spring of severe and comelicated ob• structions of the urinary canal. " The operation of introduzing a catheter through an impermeable stricture is, without doubt, the most difficult in the whole range of surgical operations, and (le nience, and skill of a mast er . The art 7 ,,,., e d n a ly all to th a e cauired. prudence,at that gradually, by fr,quent pracLicc."— Liston's Operative Surgery. Published by H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street:; and may be had of all 1; , 901t,Sellell toTu and country. THE PALACE OF WINTER . A FANCY FOR THE YROST. My humble muse before your notice brings All manlier of imaeinary things. • Her pre.ent estbject is a w.'il-timed theme, Presented lathe lashion of a dream. :While sitting In• nry,study to compose. • A splendid scene be fore my fancy rose : 'Twas Father Winter's Palace, built of ice, And describe it, for it looked t:o nice. Its portico, I.s walls. surd pillars. /too, Arose transparently to :Uney's Struck with the sight which thus ray dream supplied, • I toddled up the steps, and walked inside ; And oh, my heart (excuse the vulgar phrase), On what a splendid picture e•id I gaze : Chairs, sofa., tables, all were , built of ice, And, as I said before, they looked so nice. Tile window-curtains hung in icy itet•-work, And each pier-glass was framad with icy fret-work ; The chandeliers and lustres, svrough.t with pains, Dropped in bright icicles, like dia.mot:d chains. The icy floor a snowy covering hard, The cushions ditto, and the sofa-pad. It was a sight delightful to beholds A sight superb—but oh, I felt so 0 Ad ; For, as it happened, I forgotlthe c~ tat Which Moses made me at their ho use of tiote. This would have kept my form from feeling chilly; I can't imagine how I was an silly. 'Tvrould Just have suited such a acetic of ice, And, like the palace, would hay s lookod so nice. IT say no more—the subject rightly .:loses With such a well-earned comnlhnent for Moses. • LIST OF r/i., , CMksi, READY MAD.C., Autumn and Winter Over Coats, In every The B etwer, handsomely and warmly - trimmed 0 16 0 Tke Paletot, ditto•-•• ••. ...... •• 0 is o Chesterfield. ditto.....- -• ••• • • • 1 0 0 The Albert Wrapper, a very handevanle style of Over Coat .. Shooting Coats • • ... ..... 0 8 6 Lounging or Morning Coats .. ••••.... • • .. 0 4 6 Aatumn and Winter Trousers, in Tweed .. • • 0 4 6 Ditto • ditto Doeskin .. 0 7 6 ])itto Tests .. ••• • • • ... •• •• 0 2 6 Black Silk Velvet Vests •• • • ....... •••• • •• 0 13 Dress Coats Frock Ditto • • ••• • • • ••• • •• •-•••• .. • • .. 0 19 0 Youths and Boys' Over Coats, in every style, Hassar and Tante Suits • •-•••••••-• • •• • • .. 0 14 6 Boys' Autumn and Winter rests • 0 0 8 MADE TO ILtAsuhn. Men's Autumn and Winter Owsr Coats—from 1 1 0 The Chesterfield Wrapper, in a warm ma terial, lined ••••••••.•••••• • • • •• • • • • • • • • I 8 0 The Paletot, handsomely and waristly trimmed 1 16 0 The Eglinton Wrapper, a very elsk,strit style of Over Coat •..•• • .. • • •.. • • 2 e 0 The Strathmore Witney Over Coat, Newest style, lined throughout .. 2 10 0 Autumn and Winter Trowsers, in Twok l and Doeskin Best Black Cassimero ditto .. •• • • • • 1 6 0 Autumn and Winter Vests • • •... ...... 0 8 6 Best Black Cloth ditto .. ................ 013 6 Black Silk Velvet ditto „ Dress Coats. ..... ........from 325. to 21, 0 „ Frock • • ... ..... ...• .. • • from 355. to 3 3 0 Hussar and Tunic Salts • • .... -• —from 1 fi 0 1 15 0 Men's Shooting Coat •. • • ........ 0 15 0 Elegant Dressing Robes, in great variety, ' •• . • .. 16s. to 5 0 0 A Medal, containing an Almanac for the year 1850, wil be pre sented every customer. A Large Stock of Fur Coats, in every shape, from 60e. to 201. Naval and Military 'Uniforms, Liveries. Sec. Mourning to any extent at Five Minutes' notice. A Snit of Mourning complete for IL 10s. The new book, entitled "The Minion of the Million," with full directions for Self-measurement, can be had on application, or for warded, post free, to any part of the kingdom. Notice—The Fur Department is now replete with every novelty of the season. Observe—Any article purchased, either ready made, or made to Measure, if not approved of will be exchanged, or the money returned. E. MOSES and SON, Tailors, Wooliondrapers, Clothiers. Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot mid Shoemakers, and General Outfitters, 154, 155, 156, and 157 Minorier, and 82, 84, 65, and 86 Aidgate, City, London; all communicating with each other, and forming one vast Establishment. Caution.—E. Moses and Son regret having to guard the public against imposition; but having heard that the untradesmantike falsehood of being connected with them, or" It is the same concern," has t.een reverted to in many instances, and for obvious reasons, hey beg to state that they have no connexion with any other hence in ar oat of London ' except their Branch Establishments, V, Far sato, Sheffield ; and 19, Thornion's-buildings, Bradford, Yorkshire; a a those wise require cheap and genuine cleth'n?. See., elictuld call at or cinti to the Miseries and Aldgate. City, London ; or either of the Branch Establishments, as above. Tata Notice.—This Establishment is closed from sunset Friday, to -.now Saturday, when buniness Is resumed till' twelve o'cloek DR. CULVERWELL'S NEW WORKS- To be had of Sherwood, 23, Patertipster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street; Maim, 39, Cornhill ; or direct from the author; price One Sliming each ; by post, is. Gd. ENJOYMENT OF LIFE. "Health, Recreation, and rational Use of Time." CONTENTS : —Early Rising—Spring and Summer Mornings—Ex cursions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills, Forests, Fields, High-road., and other pleaaant places—Country Trips and Rambles—The Sea—London at Night—Evening3 at Home —Music—The Drama— On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Alr, Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., Sce._ . . 11. FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOUNTAINS. Two Vols. Vol I. A VISIT TO THE LAKES ; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, &c. Vol. IT. THE LAKES OF KILLARNEY; REMINISCENCES OF DUBLIN, &c. 111. WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID. " That three score years and ten our course may run." A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses the yonng, besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and em bitters old age, with tables and rules for the diet and physical regu lations of every-day life. IV. THE PASSIONS. " What passions hurt the body—what improve, Truths as refined as Athens ever heard." SUBJECT :—Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent of the passions. Chastity and its infringements. The casualties of licentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative, and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages. THE MARRIAGE STATE. " To be or not to be, that is the question." PROGRAMME :—Lawa and obligations of nature, society, and re ligion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and choice, on both sides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and figure, to secure healthy oftrlng, with the art of rearing them. Physical defectiveness and Its removal. Sterility and its conversion. Cases, &c. By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841). M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A. (1824). Twenty-five years:Medical and Forensic Referee in these 'natters. Reception hears daily till five. Evenings, seven till nine. 10, Argyll place, Regent-street. QUEEN'S HOSPITAL, BIRMINGHAM—At the weekly bolrd of the Committee of Council of this valuable charity, held on Friday last, at which the Rev. Preben dary Gray presided, on the motion of the High Bailiff, S. W. Lucas, Esq., seconded by Mr. Thomas Upfil, an unanimous vote of thanks was recorded on the minutes to Lieut.-Colonel the Hon. J. Y. Scarlett and the o ffi cers of the sth Dragoon Guards , not only in acknowledgment of their kindness in permitting the attendance of their military band on the occasion of the annual festivity at the Town-ball, but also for the generous donation of 101. in aid of the funds of the charity. COVER SHOOTING.— Seventy woodcocks, besides snipe and wildfowl, we 1 , shot id four &vs last week, by two guns, at Balmacaan, Glen Urquhart. Sixteen brace of woodcocks have boon shot at Aldouries—lnver noB Fourier. As far, however, as visible circumstances enable me to form an opinion, the question n hich hoot - requires the meeting of Parliament fir the* dispatch of business will constitute the leading obstruction to the progress of all useful legislation. We are threatened with an ex traordinary combivation of power, eloquence, and wis dom, the purposes of which coalition are no less than to obtain a dissolution ef the House ,of Commons, a new general election, a Protectionist majority; consequently, a piteous resignaion or ignominious dismissal of her Majesty's present advisers, the discomfiture of all Free traders, from Lord John Russell and Sir Robert Peel down to the veriest Corn-law Rhinser; then an imme dists restitution of corn-duti es and other taxes on the essential food of man, and a trines:pliant return to the rneaps scar ce f oo d ; good old times of deas food—whi c h fsr nothing lies ere- been, nor ca n ever he dear that is , plentiful. -Although their eftSrte may-=greatly interrupt the real business of Parliameni, the country may be confidently assured that there is not the least prospect of instituting such a Protectionist millenium. I am every succeeding year more convinced, by addi tiOnal f ,cts, of the beneficial eirecti of our commercial legislation during the last ten )ears. I am unable to recant any one opinion which I have given on the sub ject of unrestricted tsade and on monopoly since 1840; nor am I prepared to correct any statement which I de livered Ist fore the Committee of the House c f Com mons in 1840, further than as to my having been at that iime rather behind than ahead of the age. I then pro posed (not as sound in principle—for I guarded triyaelf— but as, at that time, a desirable settlement of two duties), in the pro forma tariff which I presented to the Com mittee, a duty cf Bs. per quarter on wheat, and a diffe rential—that is to say, a Protectionist's—duty of 12s. per cwt. more on foreign than on colonial sugar. Happily for the country, I was not gratified in seeing that unsound expedient of mine realised. It was pro posed by the Government, to which I considered myself by principle attached; but they were di feated by the Protectionists, whether of corn or of saccharine matter, who at that time considered themselves powerful, there. fore wise in their generations. It followed that the Melbourne Government appealed to tie country, as the Protectionists hope Lord John Russell's will also, itself have soon to do. Th e M e lb ourne Ministry then f oun d in a minority —us the Protectionists believe Lord John Russell's would now, if he sent the present Members of the Commons to their constituents. Lord Melbourne's Ministry, therefore, resigned. A supposed Protectionist ' Government succeeded. That Government, however, abolished the corn-laws, and carried into effect more than all I ventured to propose in my pro forml tariff of 1840—the 12s. differential sugar duty excepted. On an Irish qeestion, Sir R. Peel's Government left office in 184 G. The present Government then came into power. In 1847 Lord John Russell, who declared " that pro tection was the bane of industry," with this motto as a sling policy, demanded the verdict of the country at a general election. A now Parliament was re turned. You did me the houonr to send ice to the [louse of Commons, to represent the largest city, after the metropolis, in the British empire; to represent a great ship-building and ship-owning port; a city with interests of enormous amount, and of every mercantile and ma nufacturing variety, vested in the North American, the West and East Indian Colonies, and involved in its vast navigation and commerce. Well, then, what has hap pened ? Lord John Russell's Government and this Parliament have abolished all protecAve duties on sugar, have abolished all d u ti es on copper ores, and on the other few remaintng raw materials; and more astounding than all, they hare abolished the venerable navigation laws, by which " Britannia Las for ages ruled the waves." I, as your Representative, and my colleague also, gave the Government our earnest. support in carrying those measures ; and I shall also continue to give them my suppo r t w h enever t h ey propose any good measures. Yet we have received no rrbulse from the city of GUsgow. We have certainly much to reform; but I am certain that en early general election would do littlo to advance civilization or national freedom; while I am certain that it would produce a mischievous agitation, distract and delude men's minds, and be exceedingly pernicious in disturbing the industry of the country, and in diminish. ing the remunerative employment of the people. • In all times of anarchy it is the labouring and trading classes who suffer the most. There is no meat or drink earnee, no domestic happiness secured, in riots or in rtvolutions. I consider that there is much that we are bound to endeavour to do with regard to ameliorating ,the condition of several millions of the people in the threo kingdoms, who are still under-fed, insufficiently clothed, and miserably lodged; but I can bring no power of calculation, no exertion of reason, to my aid, which will justify me in arriving at the Protectionist conclu sion that those millions will be more fully fed, more warmly clad, and more comfortably lodged, by diminishing the quantity of food; therefore making it scarce, and therefore dear. All my elements o f calcu lation, and my reasoning faeultieo, lead me into a cou elusion altogether different. IC I inquire what is the state of the country after a trial of six years of not yet complete, though compara tive hen trade, I find that we have overcome with ex traordinary success the calamities of two deficient har vests in the United Kingdom, and of an unparalleled famine caused by the potato -rot in Ireland; that we have triumphed over a commercial crisis, occasioned, xrith respect to nearly all the great mercantile houses that have failed, by long existing causes of rottenness, which it was impossible legislatively ta remedy; that our resoerces, industry, sad trade have enabled us to pay the most imrdensome taxation imposed on any peop l e i n the maintained, unimpaired, u w u o r rl p d tib t li h u o u t ; t o v i e it h ; av ax e Proudly that while other nations have been disturbed by anarchy and revolutio n , and their inhabi tants in consequence involv e d in suffering and loss, we have enjoyed tranquillity in our homes, in our streets,' in our highways, and in our fields; and we have pre served peace with all the nation s of the world. I em phatically dwell on our having enjoyed tranquil security within our own borders, an d having maiutained peace w ith all foreign nations. L et us not estimate the la t of those blessings lightly, f or i t i s indelibly stamped on the natial exchequer that th e campaign of Waterloo added to the funded debt cf the nation about one hundred millions, and that to pay the interest cf that liability the taxpayers of England and of Scotland have contributed ever since, and must continue to do so as long as British credit and honour slid be na&ntained (and I hope neither will ever be stained), rather more than dame millions a 3 :ear—a auto wh ich would enable the present Chancellor of the Excheque r (who I am confident would gladly do so if in his pow er ) to abolish the o di ous win dow-'ax and to reduce th e enormous duty of 2a 2d. per lb. on tea to Is. per lb. I, therefore, both o n th e grounds of human i t y, civili zaaion, and econo m y, a d vocate peace, though 1 believe that there are ease l i n which war May be unavoidable. The ordeal of diffi cu lti es and calam ities through which we have struggled, we have brave d an d t r i ump h e d over with moral, phy s i ca l , and p o litical honour as a nation, notwichtinding the so-called free-trade years of 1846, 1847, 1848, and the still more free-trade year of 1849. That there ar e un f ortunate ly, a s I have already s t a t e d, some millions o f our peop l e , especially in Ireland and in the rural districts cf England, amidst which there are no important trading or manufacturing towns, who arc still under-fad, ill-clothed and sheltered, is a de plorable fact. A t t i le same time our people genera ll y are a s w e a l and d trad e believeas et eny form er period. as well paid, an d our industry With respect to the agitation which has been excited by the Protectionists, I am willing t) admit that th e landlords, a n d even f arme r a , believe that their suff er i ngs, test or ima g i nar y, an d their inconveniences and embar rassmenta, are owing to the causes which th e y expreee at their numerous wettings. I make very charitable 1 allowances for the fallacies which butthey_ cherish. I 1 I cannot help Laying that they are sliding deep in . the mite of delu si )n—that their perceptions are dimmed in the mists cf respect those Lords and Gentlemen ; fallacies, these kingdoms are f ully assertions and Jere- Now, I believe that the great majority of the delibe rate thinkers of the people of prepared to 'grapple with all the_ dissipate their whole "Illiad of Woes." . asiades of the Protectionists, and to We can undertake to prove that there have been lower prices of corn and more severe periods of agri cultural distress while prohibitive and protective corn and food duties were in full forc e, than at the present time. We need not go bask to those dearths pr ev i ous to the reign cf Queen Elizabeth,eth, which carried off numerous thousands ; to times ; when {the people were glad to e at fern-roots and ivy-berries ; nor to the compl a i nts of the utter dewy of a4rioult , ire i n the reign of Henry VIII. and Edward VI. ; nor to the peried when Eliitbeth%: first care was, that the people should have enough of bread. The com plaints of agricultural ruin are sufficiently abundant du ring the 14. t fif.y or sixty years. The whole history of English legislation, with respect to food, exhibits the futility of human laws on the subjeeet ; for as no law can control or avert wet, dry, calm,lor stormy seasons, and as the Almighty wisdom has provided that the calami ties of bad tarvests have not . been, nor ever shall be universal, the only wise course is to leave agricultural mal:lttanturo, like all others, fro, to eowpflit7ifn,. - mt, instead 1. f nature's laws, the Government and the law i micas of England have been (~olistautly i n t er f er i ng in ber weeks and the Lent season, that the poor may be re lierei out cf what shall bo saved by such abstinence, and by a sober and moderate diet at other times." The feasts - usually kept at the several companies' halls in London were for the same reason, "to be fore bore;" and it was recommended by his Majesty to such persons whose turn it came to be to bear the charges of those feasts," to allow, at least, one-ba'f of the charge to the relief of the poor." In 1660 the expo: tstion of corn was not prohibited, but a high duty was levied on iti exportation. Notwith standing all these expedients, agriculture languished, and the prohibition to export was finally denounced as a blunder. The legislators in the first year of William 111., at a time wl.on wheat had averaged, for the three yearz ending 1638, 275. 4d. per quarter, changed the system, and a bounty was given on the exportation of wheat. The bounty was occa-inbatlly withheld after bad harvests; but altogether, until the last year of the 18th century, 7,000,045/. was paid Cr bounties on corn ex ported. Th 9 fallacy and pernicious effects of the bounty on exporting corn were ably and completely exposed by Adam Smith, and he proved " that without benefiting the farmers, the bounty did harm to the great body of the people, vied transferred in the most distressing times vast sums of money from the purses of the consumers to the pockets of the jobbers." The Rev. Dr. Howlett, who afterwards examined the whole corn question of supply and consumptidn with great industry, "could discover no beaeticial operation f the bounty; and the late George Chalmers, in his "Estimate of the Strength of the Empire," a work greatly esteemed by Mr. Pitt, eays, " the bounty was paid, not for a good but for a bad purpose," and he cont en d s f or.an unrestr i cte d tra d e in corn. r. Arthur Young, in his " Political Arith metic," shows that the law of 1773, which endeavoured to re"ulato the import and export of corn, at certain limited fixed prices, " was founder! on radical mistakes," and. Dr. Howlett contended "that those corn-laws were abrogated by a higher power than Parliament." As to periods of agricultural and commercial distress, it is impossible to attribute them at any time to fret trade. We had a great commercial crisis and agricultural distress in 1766, in consequence of the detrness of pro visions. Af,er riots broke out in various pares of the kingdom, and many lives lost, the ports were opened for the importation ef corn; and notwithstanding the oppo sition of the corn-jobbers, on account of the bounty, an embargo was laid, by order in Council, on the export tion of grain of all kinds. An indemnity for Ministers being asked for in Parliament, the violence of the de bates was unexampled, and four amendments to the Ad dress to the Crown were moved, but negetived. In 1768, the Spitalfields weavers were, in consequence of low wages, guilty of atrocious riots; and the colliers of Stour bridge, by physical face compelled the f trmers and corn-dealers to sell them Wheat f>r 5a the bushel. There were riots, at the same time, caused by the coalheavere, on account of scarcity ef food, want of employment, and low wages. Processions wore made on like grounds by the sailors, at the same time; and the shipowsers complained that they were ruined, and could find no e m pl o y ment f or t h e i r sh i ps, though the navigation-law s were in full face. In 1769 and 1770 further diseontente,!rirti, murders, and execu tions prevailed. Ia 1772 there were numerous bank ruptcies aed great commercial embarrassments. In 1:79, riots and breaking machinery prevailed in Lan cashire and other places; and in December of that year extraordinary meetings were held in the county of York and in all the chief gowns for retrenchment arid oaono my in the national expenditure, to alleviate trio preva.l - distress. These meetings produced great sensation, and the landed interest of Yorkshire appeared promi nent at those assemblies. The York petition was signed by 8,000 freeholders. The great failures of 1793 arose chiefly from speculations in corn. In 1795 there was great scarcity, and the Lords of the Council attempt d by their example to induce the rich, for the sake of the poor, to use only coarse bread in their families. The metropolis, and other parts of the country, continued to suffer great distress from scarcity, and the deerth ap proached to famine. It was relieved, however, by the fAlowing abundant harvest. In 1797, general discredit having prevailed, the Bank of England suspended its cash payments. In 1800 there was scarcity, and food was very dear. The enclosure of 7,800,000 acres of waste lands was recommended by the grand jury of York; and in 1801 the sale of fine wheat bread was prohibited, and brown bread ordered to be substituted. In February, 1803, the Chancellor of the Exchequer stated, that, in consequence of twenty mil lions having been,drawn from the country for grain, it tomme necessary to continue the Bank Restriction Act. This is an extraordinary fact, as hearing on the various Acts of legislation framed since 1688, for encouraging agriculture by protection. Yet, in consequence of a good harvest in 1803, and the price of wheat filling to 605., a new corn-law passed in 1804, which prohibited the importation of wheat until the average price in Eng land reached 633. ; but it was not free of duty until the price was 665. In 1810, gold had nearly altogether dis appeared ; and the exclusion, for some time, of our trade with the Continent, except when evaded by smug gling, caused embarrassments in trade and suspensions in manufactures. In 1811, the Luddite riots broke out in Nottingham, Derbyshire, and other places. They assumed a most dangerous character during the. ensuing year. Up to the peace of 1814 and 1815, the state of the country was uneasy with regard to its trade and industry. In 1815 r new corn-law was passed, in consequence of the peace and a sudden transition of price/. Foreign wheat was prohibited until the price cf Engliah wheat reached 80s. Notwithstanding this protection, plenty was not secured nor tranquillity maintained. In 1816 riots broke out in Wales, and in London by the Spafields weavers. The city of London, Et the same time, pet , - tionei the Recent, declaring " that there was general distress prevailing over all parts of the kingdom, and de mandiur; a thorough reform ( f Parliament." In 1817 treat meetings assarnbled in every large t iwr? in Great L'iritairi; and the Hi) al message informed Parliapaen tthLt combinations were numerous over the kingdom. The Habeas Corpus Act was suspended, and the illegal and oelebnited Sictwouth promulgated, roc° being maintained, trade and manufacturing industry enntinued to improve. In 1819 a monstrous slaughter of the people was perpetrated by the yeomanry in a field near efaechester; tor which the magistrates and the m eter commanding the yeomanry receive I, through Lord Sichnentle the Regent's thanks. During the severe weather of the eueeeeding winter the poor suffsred great distress. The Bank Restriction Act was continued fro 1823. In 1822 there were abundant harverts in England, and in France, and in other parts of the continent; but owing to the faelure of the potato crop, a famine steel nerarian outrages prevailed at the same time in Ireland. Extraordinary subscriptions for relief of Irish famine were raised in England. In 1823 the long peace and the resumption of cash payments by the Bank had by this time caused a great deal of national prosperity in trade and manufactures; but, notwithstanding the pro hibition of foreign corn until the price of British wheat rose to 80s., the landed interests complained loudly of their embarrassments, and no less than sixteen counties scut requisitions to their sheriffs to call county meetings to consider the cause of agricultural distress. These meetings were held; and es they had no pretence to ask for prohibiting foreign corn, they petitioned fora re mission of taxes, economy in the expenditure, and a reform of. Parliament. The prosperity of trade and manufactures, however, extended its benefits to lands, rents rose, and the agitation for reform, on the part of the landlords, subsided. The year 1824 exhib:ted extsaordinary activity in manufactures, trade, and shippi ng. Money was remarkably abundant, and this prosperity led to those wild speculations and investments which produced a crisis of great distress in 1825 and 1826. The last months of 1825, and the early months of 1826, con stituted a period of commercial, manu r acturing, and shipping reaction and calaMity, I believe, unsurpassed by any previous Crisis. Several banks cif old stand ing failed in Yorkshire, in the west of England, and 'ln London: The pani c liee'dme ' geiiiiiTt , and tre - Ilaiiii of England began to re-issue one and two pound notes. A deficient harvest came, prices of wheat rose, and, after great opposition from the landlords, a resolution was I carried through the C ommons , vest i ng a power in Minis to allow the importation of foreign corn on limited conditions. Now, all the calamities which we have enumerated were, it is true, but interruptions to the indomitable growth, strength, and prosperity of Brit sin. But they all occurred under the most stringent of our protection and navigation laws. No relaxation was made in either until 1826, by Mr. Huskisson, and then only to a very limited extent. A highly protective corn-law existed from that time until a last experiment of a sliding scale was introduced by Sir Robert Peel; but, finding that it failed, like all other expedients, he boldly faced the dif ficulty, and abolished the fallacy of Protection altogether. Iti the meantime, have the corn and navigation laws prevented distress mid calamity ? Was not the country frequently disturbed and alarmed in various counties by incendiary fires, and the burning of corn stacks and barns? Have we not had the commercial crisis of 1836-7, which will be long remembered for the crash of great houses, and for the ruin of many of those who bad long flourished? Then came bad harvests in 1845 and 1846, with the Irish famine, and the commercial crisis of 1847; all btfore the free trade in corn which has scarcely been a year in operation. I will now show the fluctuations of prices under the system of Protective delusion. The fluctuations of prices are remarkable under the system called, in the Ist William and Mary, cap. 12, ' A reward of ss. to persons exporting corn when wheat should be at 48s. the quarter of 9 Winchelsea bushels." During the tea years -1693 to 1702-the scarcity was so great that the period was called the " dear 3 ears of the Revolution." AU attempts to prevent the fluctuation of prices, or to meet the wants of the distressed,. continued unavailable during the whole of the last century. In 1702 there was a remarkably good harvest, and, according to the register kept at Eton College, the prices fell, so that ae Winchester quarter of 8 bushels was generally sold. on Lady-day, at 265. 81, and at Michaelmas at 25'. 543,; but in 1704 the prices were, at Lady-day, 51s 62d, and, after the harve st , at :Michaelmas, only 30s. 9id. During the first fifty)years of the last century fluctuations ranged from 20s. 91, at Michaelmas, 1743, to 81s. 11., the 1 highest price in Michaelmas, 1709, and on Lad) e day, 1710. During twelve of these fifty years the prices varied from 21v. Ild. to 295. 7d. per quarter. During twenty-five years the prices varied from 30s. to 39 , . 11d. in twelve years, from 403. to 48s. 10k., arid, in three years, wh. at was sold, in one at 51e. old., in another at 565., and in the third at 51s. 64d. During the last fifiy years of the eighteenth century the price of wheat fluctuated from 275. Old,, in 1761, to 1285., at Micheelteas, 1800. In four years, betweee 1751 and 1762, the price was tinder 30.. During seventeen years, between 1751 and 1780, the price of wheat was from 30s. to 395., with fluctuations from 405. to 60s. per quarter during the thirty years. From 1780, the prices flat t-ated, suddenly, f on] 408. 100. to 545., 715., 92.., 81s., and 968. From 1799 to 1800, from 58-. Bd. to 92.', and 126.'.; or, calculating gold at 288. the guinea, from about 445. to 69.., and to 945. 6d. per quarter of the present money. On Lady-day, 1801, the price was 1775., which fell at Michaelmas to 80e. On Lady-day, during the fedlowing years, the prices were 68 e ., 6 05., 595., 885., 80a, 88a., 745. 6d., 100 s., 1045., 1365., 865., 80a, 725., 132 e., 101 s., 80s., 80s., 665., 565., 60'., 685., 845., 80a; and at Michaelmae 1826, the price fell to 665. In each of the years 1793-4=5.6-7-8 and 1799 to 1803, the corn and eavigation laws were relaxed by Orders in Council. In 1825 the restrictions on corn im ported feotn the colonies were suspended. In 1826 the corn•laws were suspended from 31st May to 16th AuguA, on paying fixed duties c-f 12s. per quart ron wheat, 85. on peas and beans and rye, 6s. on barley, 4s. on oats, and 33. 6d. per cwt. on flour. Farther reduc tions were made by Orders in Council of Ist September, 1826. In July, 1827, and in 1847 and 1848, the corn laws and navigation-laws, with respect to importing grain, were suspended under certain limi!adons. The annual average ,prices of corn during the twenty-two years -1827 to 1848 inclusive-were, per imperial quarter, 563. Bd., 60-. 5c1., 668. 3d., 645. 3d., 665. 4d., 585. Bd., 525. 11d., 46e. 2d., 395. 43., 48s. 61, 555. 103., 64v. 7d., 70s. 3d, 665. 4d., 575. 3d., 503. 18., 51s. 3d., 50s. Id., 50e. 10d., 545. 8d , 695. 9d., and 50s. 64. In 1849 the average prices have ranged from 38s. to 465. But the averages fluctuated greatly during the several weeks of those years. For example, in 1829 the weekly averages fluctuated from 555. 41 to 755. 11d.; in 1832, from 51s. 3d. to 63". 7d.; in 1834, from 40s. 6d. to 495. 6c1.; in 1836, from 365. to 61s. 9d.; in 1838, from 525. 4d. to 78s. 4t1.; in 1839, from 658. 6d. to 81s. 6d.; in 1840, from 58i. 10d. to 725. 10d. ; in 1841, from 605. 7d. to 765. Id.; in 1842, from 465. 101 to 655. 88.; in 1843, from 45:. sd. to 61s. 21; in 1814, from 455. Id. to 563. 5d.; in 1845, from 455. to 60s. Id.; in 1846, from 451. Id. to 645. 4d. ; in 1847, from 495. 6d. to 102 s. Si.; in 1848, from 465. 101 to 563. 10d.; and in 1849, from 38s. 9d. to 49c. Id.; the prices at present in London being 388. for ordinary Northumberland wheat, and ranging upwards to 465. on White Essex. .At New York wheat is held firmly at 1 doll. 25e., which is equal to 41.'. 4d. per quarter, and could not be sold at Liverpool with any profit at less than 505., after paying shipping charges, insurance, and commission. So much for pricer. My opinion is, that taking good and bad harvests together, in the United Kingdom, with a perfectly free trade in corn, it will be a rare occurrence for the prices of wheat to range so low as during the year 1349, and ever to be as high as during previous years of bad harvests. The low prices of 1849 have teen caused certainly by a large importation; and although that importation has not been superabundant for the natural demand for its consumption, there are two circumstances that ought not to be overlooked. The first is, that the political state of Franco and Germany has for two years greatly diminished remunerative em ployment and trade, and the people of those countries, from want of means, were not able to pay for and con sume so much bread as they usually did in times of tranquillity and regular employment. It therefore fol lowed, in the second place, that prices of corn were lower, andithut th. re was a greater surplus of corn, at a cheaper price, fir the corn-dealers to export in greater than usual quantities t i England. So far with respect to the prices of European corn. In regard to American wheat and flour I will say no more than that there are circumstances inseparable from the moral, social, and physical condition of the Uhited States, which will ever prevent them exporting large quantities of wheat and flour to the United Kingdoin, at any profit, except prices not less;than from 445. to 525. per quarter can be obtained for the same in England. The circumstances I allude to chiefly are:-First, high Rages of, or high value obtained by labour, which w• 11 probably be permanent among a 'nation of freemen (for the slaves are not the cultivators of wheat) in regions of such vast extent that the chief cultivators are the prc prietors of their farms; and in which labourers, Irish immigrants, for some time after their suds al - excepted, soon become landowners, artisans, or traders. Second, that the numbers of the producers of grain and bread stuffie, according to the several censuses of the United States, do not increase in the same proportion as h non-producers of food. Third, that theslaves in the purchasing States, whose wages, or rather the cost ?f . !Tyr way l r i _g e or breeding, and of maintaining them esT e i vr n a wageFa u re considered low, though de facto it is not 1 an d cotton chiefly employed in cultivating m c tobacco articles which cannot enter into in co ne p e e e t e it e i t o r n y w h i a th s or Irish agriculture. Fourth, Britishthe po pulation of of the Owns-1211 the towns increa sed so rapidly as in the United States; therefore, the w h e l p,population employedcanals, acid other public those on railways, coastice, in chits -building; in lake, !ever, work:; d foreign trade anti navigeta:n, and in the fisheries; carpenters, and other artisans in the agricul tural districts of the United States, with, also, a great p o rtion of the slaves, are all consumers but not producers of wheat and other grain. The high wager, end the home demand for food, must therefore prevent very low prices in America. But, wha•ever the prices may be, either in Europe or in America, the time has arrive d when the fallacy and the injustice of protective duties Ln human f esti have, de facto, disappeared for ever from the British isles. Each one of all the people must bate, henceforward, in his power, to buy et untaxed and na tural prices as much essential food as his means can pay for. To this stern but just fact-to this destinythe landlords of Great Britain and of Ireland must as anevis tably submit, as all elements have and must do to the *rug laws of atiaro, .ey are id must ors are ROW , mannfactu e artisans, have been ruined, and their families re duced to poverty; and all of them torkrist'. , , c ` - v years; unless by honestly facing adversity, by resuming with increased efforts and with aroater frng.ility tee pursuits of industry and trade, they have, as they hap pily frequently have, recovered their position in the world. I repeat that the encumbered lan !lord must submit t) the same destiny as the embarra tsei tradesman, manu facturer, shipowner, or merchant. None can hereafter escape by partial laws. The day has passesi away fir ever when the great body of her Melesty's subjects will consent to have a Parliament consisting of a House of Lords and a House of Landlords, to make =peril laws fir agriculture, in order to restrict, by fictitious high prices, the quantity of food to be consum-d bv •oe p eo pl e . All taxation must also be imposed according to the most equitable distribution tha, can out - ticablr. We must consider all wealth at the product of labo u r —of labour applied so at to reader a Tax reaterisl, whether land, cotton, or metal, valuable, when the oracle produced or manufsctured is demand-d or se w i n 0 0 home n - otrlset, or to the markets of the world. I sna k e no distinction whether the article produced be a quarter of corn, a cwt. of sugar, a ton of iror, a, web of wo,,llen, or a pie - :e of cotton—labour and art produce all. Ne w , as to the protection t f the one Or the other, le- Ili t a k e an example of two encumbered articles—laud and sugar. If a merchant at Calcutta exports 10,000 bags of sugar to London, end if he draws bills for it to the amount of 10,0001. on the merchant to whom tl e sugar is consigned, the latter accepts the bills, provided he re Tires the bills cf lading, which places the sugar in his hands for disposal is order to realise the money to pay the tills at matu riti. On the other hand, if the merchant at Calcutta, ago shipped the sugar, being a needy man, hrs hypo thecated the sugar—that is to say, received 9,0001. from the Oriental money lender (the Last India '2ompany)— he has parted with so much or all of his ownership in the sugar, and the merchant in London cannot possess or sell it until he pays 9,0001. to the East India Company—nor will he accept the bilis, unless he his confident that the sugar will sell for fully as much more, after paying 9,0001. to the proprietors' agents in Leadenhall-street. If 10,000 acres of the material land can, at the natu ral market price, be hired to an agricultural manures:- timer so as to affsrd to pay its owner a sum cf 10,0007. ennual rert for hire cf the lead, leaving, exclusive of rent a — liFiTonahle value of prodace for its annual labour and profit, the material land is actually in the same condition with respect to its ownership as the sugar, when not hypothecated to the office at Leader hall -street. But if the material land has passed through the hands of some Conveyancing Glossin, who has hy pothecated the 10,000 acres to some money-lender, under an obligation. called a mortgage, of paying an annual interest 9,000/., the money-lender is exactly as much the owner of the land as the office at Leadenball-street was of the sugar ; and the nominal landowner can only legally and justly receive 1,000/. annually for the hire of his 10,000 acres. But if he says, as has been lately said by a Noble Earl, and by some others, in expressions amounting to the following: —"My establishment, my rank in society, ray habits of life, the expec tations and the marriages of my daughters, the educating and the purchasing of commis sions in the army, or of livings in the church for my younger sons, and the unavoidable, though in evitable, expenditure of corrupting the electors of the borough for which I sit, or my eldest son sits, in the House of Commons, render it an absolute necessity for me to hare an income, not of 1,000/, but of 10,000/. per annum. I have—my father, grandfather, and great grand father have—always spent annually that suns—l there fore, demand, coute qui conk, a vested right to that in come; and I will obtain it by increasing the price of wheat and the breed (lan the people, and therefore my rent, by a duty of Bs.. or 10s., or more, on every quarter of wheat, and so much in proportion on all other food not produced in the United Kingdom," To indulge in such delusive hopes is but macre esing the measure of erntarressment. It has become clear, if a property for which an annual rent of 10,000/. a year is alienated for 9 000/., that the nominal proprietor must either be content to live in accordance with ti-e means of 1,0001. a-year, or his land must undergo the fate of all encumbered estates. Legislative necromancy will prove unavailing to maintain the incomes of improvident men, whether they be landlords, merchants, shipowners, manufacturers, re‘ail traders , artisans, or l a b ourers. With regard to Ireland a ll the foregoing obser vations will apply. The lands of that wretched, that long misgoverned, and most unjustly treated country. are, I fear, especially involved in pecu liar difficulty with respect to its landlords and tenantry. No protective duties, no benevolence, no out door relief, no emigrations, can revive into prosperity a country with the lands let as they are in Ireland. Until the a hole system of land tenures—of the relation be tween landlord an-I tenant—the mods of cultivating the soil—and the labour r f the people are completely changed, misery will continue to afflict that country-- so bountifully endowed with the resources of wealth and happiness by the Almighty Creator—so distorted phy sically, industrially, and morally, by the folly and injus tice of men. Ireland will, no doubt, be frequently reheasaed during the coming sessions in the House of Commons. May it be with more practical results than heretofore. One word with regard to Emigration. Two kinds : one perilous to Ireland has been long goin g extensively forward—that of the best of the rural clasi.o: to Ame rica; another, which has afflicted Glasgow and Liver pool, England and Scotland —that of an inundation of Irish paupers. its to emigration generally, though most industrious emigrants themselves will greatly gain, I place no COM ficivnce in emigration as t i greatly benefit. lug the United Kingdom. The subject is, however, too lengthy teenier upon in this already too long letter. My consAlion is, that there is at present less distress and more t mpleyment, for the people generally, notwith standing the very great severity of the weather, during the lest two months, than probably at any former period. As to assertions about lands going out of cultivation, I believe there is net the least cause of alarm; and in the various reports laid formerly before Parliament, I find that at many periods of high protection within the present century firms with good soils in various agri cultural counties in England, especially Buckingham shire, Kent, Sussex, Suffolk, and Hampshire, were fre quently unoccupied; and that unless farmers are fright ened by the pernicious alarms of the Protectionists, every cultivatable acre of Great Britain would be soon occupied at fair rents; and that,'in fact, the whole per plexity lies between tl,e landlord and the tenant. Hiving thus gone through the whole question with respect to protection in regard to land and food. it was my intention, if not limited by want of space, to have adverted fully to the state ef our colonial empire•, bat I am compelled to confine myself to the general observa tion that I consider it just, and I believe it must be the policy of the present Government, that the colonies should each have their own responsible Governments for managing all their local affairs; imposing their own taxes, and paying all their own expenses; that the co lonies, with regard to trade and navigation, should have no hostile tariffs, or shipping dues against each other; nor against the United Kingdom; that the trade be twem the United Kingdom and the colonies should be exactly on the same footing as Fetween the Clyde and the Mersey—between the Forth and the Thames; and that the only colonial expense which the British Trea sury ought to pay would be the salaries of the Gover nors or Queen's representatives; othefwise I fear there will always be difficulties between the governor and the people about his pecuniary affairs, which may tempt weak men to favour, perhaps unconsciously to tamper with, colonial parties. Under such a system of Colonial Government. I can discover no cause of discontent. nor any advantage which the colonies could gain by independence or annexation to oilier states. They might is some cases lose; for example, if Canada were annexed to the United States, the whole customs revenue of Canada would no to dtritnaogsf ta ctnhdseeual v ox T o o equip.tll luxury, Washington for general purposes, whether to defray the expense of a war against Mexico, or any other federal expense; while Canada now expends that revenue at home; in place of which, new taxes must be imposed if annexed to the great Republic. I also intended to have proved that the West Indian planters were, during high protective duties, frequently in as embarrassed circumstances as they have or can be under free trade. It is but common justice, however, to remove all restrictions, short of instituting slavery, with respect to labour for the sugar colonies. Under all the circumstances of the British empire, I am most confidently of opinion that free trade and the abolition of the navigation-laws will prove greatly ad vantageous to all our colonies, as well as to the general trade and navigation of the whole empire. I could illustrate this Lily% At the present time, all trade and manufactures not protected, are in a state of fair pros perity, y. 0 cotton.ves and or rt eea other dy. leading fabrics. Ship-building the abolition c f th the laying down a number of fr e sh ___ ships in most of the great of navigation ah h a s a f w b s u ,n o d t t i h eri b eeegrl keels for splendidandwt by tie may bid elue:iirrdz sm. p, t sr o a ionl the hkuisfbtudremanufactured competitionarticle tf p h hr ia e n e v e g e wc s o n f h r o l i d w e p u. s t ' a y lw . l itthh ; o e mn o ea ug tseni h r t iaa t il o ls e b xf e oc u re n p r ct e oi o s n t ns r " i ru e p te ac articlesfl subjected and then weavers, however, have made apparel, dresses, and slops of woven materials, &0., nhw a i r ti e: i c, e s h h o: d w r ilic e l t. a . r , h, r o asi e t .lb e w o i e .ta n e t T . are also protected by duties. The duty was retained on made-up articles, th oug h scarcely ever imported, under an impression of protecting the most wretched clam among us—needlewotbee. Their case is deplorable, and I fear irremediable, so long as they continue, by dire necessity, so numerously to compete with each other for the vro-st paid of all employments. In fact it may be said that no branches of manufacturing industry, except ing silk and gl, ves, are protected by duties. Woven cottons, woollens, linene, manufactures, leather, thins, iron, and other metals, of woods, glass, earthenware, all oils, tar, turpentine, all woods but foreign oak and fir, all hemp, flax, wool, cotton, hair, skins, and raw materials, all fish are admitted duty free. I bad also intended to nave shown the amount and the kind of taxes which have been repealed or reduced in the twenty years, 1830 to 1849, and to have annexed some further observations to my letter of last year, ad dressed to you on the revenue and expenditure of the United Kingdom. I adhere to the opinions which I stated in that letter with regard both to taxation and expenditure. I believe the budget of the Chancellor of the Exchequer will this year exhibit considerable : re-, ductions and savings. With regard to the army, gales/. we can find ether uieans toiranquillise Ireland, so that it will maintain its own police, instead of Great Britain' maintaining that police; in the icoa of A large rep* '- . ..i 7 725 Scarf - - - 7 727 Umbrella - - 7728 Shawl - - - 3 729 Carpet bag - - ) 73) Cloak - - - ) 734 Brooch - - . 735 Umbrella - - 736 Cent - - - 1 737 Coat - - 739 Bird (stuffed) - 1740 Umbrella - - I 741 Umbrella - - 1742 Victorihe - 744 Reticule (lady's) - 748 Victorine - - 749 Cap (soldier's) pocket-book - 750 Umbrella - - 751 Rug - 752 Cap - 753 Shawl - - 754 Trousers - - 756 Cloak (lady's). - 758 Cloak (lady's) - 759 Reticule !basket - 6SO Hat and cap:- - 763 Carpet bag - 765 Basket - - - 767 Umbrella - - 7G9 Muff - - - 8 612 Coat and mackintosh !617 Rug - 619 Umbrella 620 Purse - 523 Parcel - 624 Parcel - ; G2B Cloak 629 Work-box 630 Umbrella' 631 Umbrella . - 633 Church eirxice 636 Umbrella" . 637 Scarf - - 638 Scarf - 639 Scarf - - 640 Umbrela - 642 Coat - 644 Ru b m - 647 Coat - 648 Silver box - 649 Cloak - 655 Shawl 656 Umbrella - 657 Shoe, waterproof - 658 Basket and boots - 660 Neck-scarf - - 661 Coat - - - 663 Umbrella - - 665 Umbrella - - 667 Umbrella - - 670 Rug - - 671 S'llavrl - V 72 Umbrella - - 673 Coat, trousers, &c. ;674 Umbrella - 676 Slap 1677 Cane - 6.10 Coat - - - 1 681 Boa - - 682 Umbrella - - 685 Umbrella - 688 Parcel 689 Two coats - 690 Coat - - 691 Cloak and neck-scarf G 94 Roll, black cover 695 Carpet bag 697 Umbrella - 699 Parcel 700 Purse 701 Coat 702 Shawl - 704 Umberlla - 705 Umbrella - 707 Hat - - 703 Umbrella - 709 Rug - - 710 Bag (lady's) - 712 Parcel - 713 .duff - 714 Rug - 115 Cane - 716 Umbrella 717 Scarf - 719 Cane - 720 Purse - 727 Cane 722 Coat 723 Box - 41 - 5 -10 j - 101 - 12, - 14; - 141 - 18 - 18 - 18 - 19 - 231 - 221 - 221 241 - - 21 - - 41 - 41 -, 5 . 5 - 8