The Sun. — London, England, 1868-02-24 00:00:00

BPIRIT --- 0 - F - Tll ll PUBLIC JOURNALS, In the midst of the singularly intricate and difficult negotiation which arose between the Governments of Great Britain and the United States out of- the incidents of the civil war, it has happened (the Time., points out) that the envoy of each Power has been removed. It is a contro versy which has passed through many vicissitudes. Of the persons who were originally engaged in it only one remains to carry it on. The English Foreign Office has been under the direction of three Ministers since the ques tions still in dispute were first raised, and of the two Plenipotentiaries who represented the Government at Washington between 1861 and 1867, one is now Ambassa dor at Paris, and the other is dead. On the part of the Americans there has been no change in the principal nego tiators until now, when the retirement of Mr. Adams is announced, and thus Mr. Seward is left the only Minister who has throughout taken a chief part in the discussion. There might be circumstances in which the subsAution of one voice for another in so pro tracted a Jispute would prove of advantage, but the resignation of Mr. Adams can only be regarded as a great loss to both Governments. He is thoroughly familiar with every aspect of the points at issue, and although he has never shrunk from presenting his own case with firm ness and decision, and maintaining it even with persist ence, he has always been fair and courteous, anxious to maintain peace, though never for a moment forgetting the interests of his country. There have been times, no _ _ doubt, within the last seven years, when we should have liked him better if, consistently with his duties, he could have put before us the views of his Government in a less rigid and inflexible form. It is natural, although per haps not altogether reasonable, that we should have wished him to look at the questions between us with English rather than with American eyes. But Mr. Adams had his duty to his own Government to perform, and the nicest ingenuity could not have enabled him to render that duty specially attractive to us. He invariably, however, exhibited a wise discretion and a cool judgment. It is easy to comprehend the painful embarrassments into which both countries might have been plunged by a less cautious or a less capable man. We have only to read the speeches constantly delivered in the Senate of the. United States to appreciate the mischief which some prominent advisers of the American people would have produced. Mr. Adams, the representative of a family which has been connected with public life in the United States since the earliest days of the Republic, has himself taken an active part in the politics of his own country for almost a quarter of a century. It would be ingratitude on the part of the American people to forget the services he has rendered them in England. He has been unyielding in their behalf, but no English Minister has ever questioned his good faith or good feeling. It is a success of no common kind for a man to have been constantly engaged for years together in pressing upon us questions and claims which we deemed strained or unjust, and yet to have won the regard of . the Government and the nation. Mr. Adams has been obliged to pursue a course often most distasteful to us, but when he leaves this country it will be with the esteem and good wishes of all classes of the people. It would not be very surprising, the Post remarks, If Prince Charles of Roumania should now and then wish himself back again in his cavalry saddle. A lieutenant in the 2d Regiment of Prussian Dragoons is not, indeed, a very august personage ; but it is his own fault if he is not a very happy one. His pay is as slender as that of the Austrian soldier described in a gay old French song ; but his social position is not only respectable but respected. If a lieutenant can only manage to keep on smoking terms with his colonel, which he may very easily do, always pro viding he is a Serene Highness and a Hohenzollern, the young man may lead a merry life enough ; and Prince Charles is not yet . 30. Of course it looks like a mighty fine thing to be the people's elected, to be recognised by a live Sultan, and to have a niche in the temple of history carved out all ready for one. To the serious German intellect, which can so seldom be brought to entertain the faintest idea of a joke, such a prospect must have presented itself in a very imposing light. But it is very doubtful if this princely young plunger has had much real enjoyment of his shadowy dignity. No two types of men can differ more widely than the Teuton and the Wallach. It is almost a marvel that such a prince and such a people should have been able to get on together amicably for longer than the space of a carnival. The Daily News argues against closing capital accounts. The railway shareholding public is composed as a rule of annuitants rather than great capitalists, and railway directors are not permitted to ignore this. fact. The directors of a railway which has not forfeited the control of its own affairs by previous excesses will neither sacrifice the future to the present, nor the present to the future ; but where the habits of a company, so to speak, have been debauched, only extreme measures will avail to keep it in decent health. The capital account should then be absolutely closed as a matter of life and death. He is a fortunate shareholder who knows nothing of lich lines. But if capital accounts are to remain open, it is of vital importance that only that expenditure should be charged to them which really increases the per manent value, that is, the permanent earning power of the line. A discussion took place at the Great Northern meeting respecting a charge for laying down steel rails in place of others of iron. The directors had charged two-thirds of the difference between the cost of the old and the new rails to capital, to which one share holder objected, contending that revenue should bear the burden of the whole, while another maintained that as the line was benefited by the extra expense, capital should bear the charge as the directors had apportioned it. The first shareholder was certainly right. It is not "the line" that is benefited by the substitution, but only the revenue of the next ten years. A steel rail earns year by year no more than an iron one ; it only prevents a periodical charge from recurring quite so soon as it otherwise would have done. There is, therefore, no reason whatever for charging any portion of its cost to capital, and, as far as the company is concerned, the money which is so charged is lost. In the House of Commons, on Friday night, in the course of his reply to some questions put by Captain Vivian about the Indian telegraph,. Sir Stafford Northcote stated that he had received a letter from Sir R. Napier, in which, among other things, he expressed his confident belief that the expedition would be terminated during the present season. This news, observes the Herald, will be a great relief to the British taxpayer, who has lately been in sad doubt as to how many years the Abyssinian war might last ; how many millions of money it might cost ; how many additional pence might be put on his income tax ? It is a reply from one, who ought to be best informed on the subject, to the confident statements of omniscient critics in this country, who have been assuring every one that the conclusion of the enterprise during the present season was an absolute impossibility. Sir R. Napier must know much more about the matter than we do. The army is said to have the most unbounded confidence in his ability and judgment. Sir Robert Napier tells Sir Stafford Northcote that he has every hope of con cluding the campaign during the present season. Our con temporary trusts, then, that he has so matured his plans, is so persuaded of the sufficiency of his resources, that neither deserts, nor mountains, nor savages, nor muleteers, nor danger of drought, nor threatened starvation, will be obstacles sufficient to deter him from the completion of an enterprise which, if speedily and triumphantly concluded, will place him in the foremost rank of the great captains of this nation and age. In the many speculations concerning the new Conser vative Premier, the principle has been enunciated that the First Lord of the Treasury ought to be in the Lower House. Against this the Standard forcibly contends. Conceive, says our contemporary,, of the absurdity of a rule which, if Mr. Disraeli were lost to us, would call on the Queen to form a Conservative Government of which neither Lord Stanley nor Lord Cranborne could be the chief. For whom would her Majesty send? The Liberals would feel the same difficulty, though in another form. They have two or three able Commoners who may develope into possible successors to Mr. Glad Stone. But it is very 'likely that no one of these would be so pre-eminent as to oblige the o the rs to serve un d er him ; and then would be felt one of the peculiar advantages of the present power of selecting U a Pr e mi er f r om the pper House, namely, the willingness of able men to yield to superior rank where they refuse to acknowledge superior ability, and to accept as their chief on vho is not and cannot be their daily rival. We are better to have the First far from saying that it is a eteris paribus mister in the House of Lords. , we incline to the opposite opinion. But of two things we are firstquite sure : first, that it is better to have as Premier theman of his party, though a Peer, than the second, the4ghaCommoner ; secondly, that it is often possible to form acovernment under a Peer—just because he is a Peer—which could not be formed by any member of the same party i n House of Commons. are sure that it would be the height OWe unwisdom to adopt an arbitrary rule by which her Ma)'zosty would be limited in the choice of her First Minister to branch only of the Legislature, and wo uld be forced t, or to part 'l'eagrol with, the services of the abl est man in aeament, be lved on cause the death of a father or elder br p ot e b him the dignity and the disa bilities of a peerag e . , Parliament, . There is every likelihood, says the Telegraph, that this will be an " Irish week" in the House. We shall probably' have a discussion on the moti on of Mr. Ma guire , extendiy ove rsee eral nights. It would be diffic ult to ex aggerate the lin g . portanceof th e .weasion. Theleadersof the two great parties In the State will be expected to indicate the opinions, if not the measures, which the crisis suggests ; an d , sines the subjects are grave enough to involve the fatc of Ministries, the course of our home politics for a t.:Tneration may be affected by the utterances (1,11. lift , 7in. , _;• seen in the ensuing debate. The is,mes 1 J land :11.;!) :Lt not merely provincial. eonsi:rred a; the wild desire of a mad and \ - ery small miu,irity to attain Trish nationality, is exclusively Irish ; but the Church and the land questions cannot be kept e ntirely at the other side o f the Channel. They provoke passions and thoughts that centre round purely English institutions. We tread on hot ashes. with fire beneath, when we touch on all the points raised up by the suggestions for the settlement of the Irish Church. Whoever proposes , the endowment of the Romanist creed excites the No Popery" cry and pro vokes the wrath of voluntaryism ' • while ideas of thorough disendowment arouse the alarm of those who fear for the funds of the English Establishment. Every word let fall on the Irish land question is followed by a shower of quo tations from political economists from every school ; while all the squirearchy of England are equally excited at the proposed application to Irish landlords of measures that may one day come home to themselves. THE ABYSSINIAN CAPTIVES. Writing on the 6th January, the Rev. H. A. Stern says :—" We are on the tiptoe of expectation. The great Negoos, serpent-like, is crawling on. He, however, is not yet here. There is still between him and us the Djiddah ; and not until he has passed that gulf do I expect to see him on this Amba. The Waagshum has retreated towards the Tacazzie, but I believe this is a mere stratagem to allure his blood enemy into the chasm, where, hemmed in by lofty rocks and perpendicular precipices, a complete victory may be easily purchased. If the Waagshum is not even a more dastardly coward than all the other rebel chiefs, he will ZOvail himself of the opportune moment and frus trate our oppressor's design. He has, unsolicited, pledged his word to Mr. Rassam to effect this, and if he is faithful to his voluntary engagement he will merit our deepest gratitude. The King, lam led to think, suspects some treachery, Tor in bislatest proclamation he renounced all intention of coming here, after the most valuable bag gage, the prisoners and some of the most useless Europeans such as the most luckless fugitives, Mr. 3. Rosenthal, and: perhaps, Mr. and Mrs. clad and the children, were safely lodged in our fortres.t. Whether he is aware of the pro 3eedings (the preparations of the army) on the coast or not no one can possibly conjecture. His messages to us, and particularly to Mr. Rassam, during the past week have been most flattering, though every one of our party knows how to appreciate such unmeaning trash. lam quite quiescent about the probable contingencies that may yet arise. God in His mercy has hitherto, as I have repeatedly stated, most wonderfully succoured and de fended us ; and now, when deliverance is almost at the door of our prison, I will not suffer a few transient clouds to overshadow my bright future. About the movement of the troops we have not heard a word. I yearn to see them, as I want (God willing) to be with you next Easter." In a letter from Magdala, dated December 30, Captaia Cameron thus writes to a friend who had interested himself in his behalf :—" I see by the papers that you were one of the first to urge the liberation of myself and fellow-prisoners by force of arms. It is impossible for me not to thank you. No one could have deprecated war with this country more than myself up to a certain point. But after I heard, years ago, that the King had received two letters from Rassam and not answered them, I saw no hope, except from troops ; and, with the exception of the few days when, thanks to the King's extraordinary duplicity, Rassam's mission seemed a success, my opinion has been the same ever since. At any rate, we are in for it now, and there is not much use in writing—facts will prove themselves. My own belief is, that if our people press on without delay to the high country, there will be little or no loss from local diseases ; as to fighting, there will be none. Once hemmed in—and we have troops enough to effect this—the King must take his choice of being shelled or slashed to death with his horde of ragh muffins, or surrendering at discretion. I always suppose that there will be no promises made or parleying on our account. This would be the height of folly ;at least I think so. The first thing is to know what attitude he *ill assume. One way or other he ought to be thrashed in a very short time. Even if he manages to slip through our fingers the result will be the same. His own people will kill him sooner or later. We don't know what may happen to us in the meantime ; but it is an inexpressible relief to know, whatever turn things may take, this misery must soon come to an end. Anything better than lingering on in this way—to die at last of heart break or starvation, or both. Theodore, the king, has been threatening to kill one of the Europeans. If one were killed, the rest would soon follow. Remember me kindly to Sir Henry Rawlinson ; I see he has acted in the right.spirit. See, I still hope to thank my friends some day in person. The mail is closing, so I must finish." LAW AND POLICE. COSTS OF A BANKRUPTCY PROSECUTION.—On the Bth inst., upon an appeal from Mr. Commissioner Hill, Lord Justice Cairns directed a prosecution of Howard, a bank rupt, for certain alleged offences under sec. 221 of the Bankruptcy Act, 1861. The costs of the appeal were ordered to be paid out of the bankrupt's estate.. The case was mentioned on Satarday, when it appeared that there was no estate, and it was therefore asked that the costs of the appeal might be ordered to be paid out of the Chief Registrar's account, as costs of the prosecution within the meaning of sec. 223 of the Act. Their lordships were of opinion that these costs could not be allowed. They were not costs of the prosecution, nor costs incurred by the pro secutor, but costs of a proceeding to authorise him to become prosecutor. MISREPRESENTATION.—A motion was made to Vice- Chancellor Wood on the part of a gentleman who had subscribed for shares in Bowson, Bailey, and Company, to have his name taken off the list of shareholders. It appeared that the applicant had applied for shares on the faith of representations in the prospectus as to the con stitution of the company. The applicant contended that this was subsequently varied. The shales were not allotted until four months after the application. Four days after that allottment the register was made up, and . contemporaneously the applicant repudiated the shares, and refused to be regarded as a shareholder. His Honour held that in consequence of the great delay between the application for shares and the allotment the applicant was entitled to refuse to accept the shares. The name must he taken off the Lit of contributories, and the company pay the costs. INVESTMENT OF MONEY GIVEN AS COMPENSATION. •.....,___ An important question has just been raised before Vice- Chancellor Malins in the matter of the Holborn Valley Improvement. The applicant to the court had been plaintiff in a compensation suit against the City of London, and had obtained £6,500 on account of certain property taken in Skinner-street for the improve ment of Holborn. The money had been invested in Consols in the first instance, but a safe in vestment had been found on mortgage of certain real estate at Rochester, which would give - 4 per cent. interest. An objection was made to the City being saddled with the costs of a second investment, having had to pay already the costs of a previous petition. There was no case in which the court had sanctioned an investment in land as a temporary investment, as this must be, as the trustees had no power to give discharges. A case having been mentioned in which the order prayed for had been made, the Vice-Chancellor said that the application was a most reasonable one. A house, producing £3OO a year, had been compulsorily taken, and the money in the first instance —because no better investment could be had—was invested in Consols producing only £2OO a year. Now the parties interested had found an investment authorised by the rule of the court at 41 per cent. ; but it was said that the court could not sanction this because the City' had paid the costs of a former investment, and also because this was not a permanent investment, as the time of the sale had not yet arrived ; but, in his opinion, by the act of having authorised an immediate sale, he thought the trustees could have given sufficient discharges. At all events, as between the parties and the City, this must be taken as a permanent investment, and the City must pay the costs. THE NEW LEGAL APPOINTMENTS.—In the Court o. Queen's Bench, Mr. Baliol Brett, the new Solicitor-General, was congratulated on Saturday by the Lord Chief Justice on his appointment. NECESSARIES. —The question " What are necessaries ?" has again been raised— this time in the Court of Exche quer, in the case of Ortner and another v. Callander. It was an action to recover 2132 125., the amount of a bill for jewellery and other articles. The defendant paid £G 13s. into court, and pleaded never indebted as to the rest of the claim. He also pleaded infancy. The plaintiffs were jewellers, and the defendant was the youngest son of the late Mr. Callander, of Edinburgh. He was for a short time in the 17th Lancers. In March 18;4 he ordered certain goods of the plaintiffs, but, after communicating with his brother, who asked them not to serve bin, as he was so young, the plaintiffs did not execute the order. In July following the defendant gave an order for a watch and chain, a dressing-case, a ring, and other trifling articles of jewellery. The plaintiffs referred a Second time to the brother, and he making no further objection, the defendant received the various articles, for the price of which he was how sued, he being at that time in his nineteenth year. The defends at admitted his liability for the smaller items in the plaintiff's account, sueh, for instance, as for soli taires or sleeve links, studs, breast pins, rings, and en• graving his crest. The real contest was upon the follow ing articles : a plain gold hunting watch £4O, a strong gold vest guard £2O, a gold and blue enamelled cabinet locket (for attaching to a gentleman's watch chain, and used for a miniature or hair), £l4 145.; and an oak dressing-case with silver fittings, £3O. The jury found for the plaintiff for everything except the locket. A CHANCE FOR, THE THIEVES.—" The munici pality of the city of Paris," says the Presse, " has just determined, for rea3ons of economy, to have every other gas lamp in the streets of the capital extinguished after 'midnight. The measure is to come into operation next month. The saving is incontestable, but the police, when itCormed of the intention, have made some just observa tions as to the difileultiei which the arrangements will introduce into their surveillance." A Madrid journal says :—" The golden rose sent this year by the Pope to the Queen (of Spain), is not, as might be suppos3d, an object of trifling value ; on the con trary, it is a truly remarkable work of art, representing a branch of a rose tree, with the thorns and buds in pure gold, and having at the extremity a flower of larger size. The bough rests on an elegant pedestal of silver gilt, which bears the Papal arms among its ornaments. The intrinsic value of the present, calculated by the weight of the gold only, is about 40,000 reals (24C0)." THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY 24, 1868. ROMAN AFFAIRS. :From the Roman Correspondent of the Westminster Gazette.) ROME, February 15. Baron von Arnim had an audience of the Pope on Saturday, to present his credentials as Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipoten tiary in the netne of the North German Con federation ; he is at the same time to continue the functions he at present exercises as repre- town. sentative of the King of Prussia. Pere Regis had an audience the same day to return thanks for a grant of land made to . _ his order in the marshy — ground outside Porta San Paolo, with permission to found a house of his order at the - Tre Fontane, the spot where St. Paul was beheaded. These pioneers of cul- ,ivation have undertaken here as brave a work as the Zouaves themselves. It will be a great matter, indeed, if they succeed in bringing round this insalubrious district ; but there is little doubt that many must perish in the attempt. But Trappists have confronted death in many such a field before. Pere Regis him self, who has lately been Procurator of the Order in Rome, has already founded a house at the desert ground round Staonelia, in Algeria. On Monday afternoon the cantata celebrating the Mentana campaign by Rosati, which has been so long talked of, was performed in the Vatican Gardens in presence of the Pope. Though very little notice had been given, there was a very large audience, including some of the most important names, English and foreign. I will not say that the music was altogether equal to the theme, but it was interesting to see between 700 and 800 young Roman ama teurs (490 vocalists, and 250 instrumentalists) engaged in celebrating so heartily the praises of the defenders of their country. The Pope bestowed a gold medal of the largest dimen sions on Rosati, and the same in silver on the conductor. There was a review on Thursday in the large amphitheatre of the Borghese, known as the Piazza di Siena. The day was brilliant enough for many parasols to be in requisition among the English visitors unaccustomed to sunbeams in mid-February. It did not, how ever, prove a matter of attraction to foreign visitors only, the whole population of Rome seemed to have turned into the Borghese Gar dens as to a truly national festival. General Kanzler was on the ground punctual to the appointed hour with a brilliant staff, among whom I noticed several foreign uniforms of distinguished visitors from other courts resid ing or staying here, and I think the pro ministro must have been gratified at the im pression to be produced on them by the appearance of his little army, as they dashed in and out through their ranks, or, afterwards, during the marching past. Of course there was not the perfection of pipe-clayism, nor even, in all cases, the utter precision of tramp which displays itself in the more northern capitols of Europe on such occasions, but to any one acquainted with all the circumstances of their history, there was plenty of soldierly promise whence to augur that the prestige won by last year's campaign will undoubtedly be well maintained. A meed of praise some what beyond this must, however, unquestion ably be given to the entire Italian corps of the gendarmi, which may be envied by any country in Europe, and is surpassed by none of their crackest regiments, not even in pipe clayism, and certainly not in bravery or de termination in any mode in which they have been tried. The line, which is also all Italian, wants a few years more training to make its men into soldiers, but there are many smart fellows among them, too. The carbinieri and cacciatori have improved in marshal character under their late training in the field. The Roman Legion does not look quite so well as it did, because of many changes in its ranks ; many old soldiers having been recalled and replaced by less sinew ; but time will bring this right again, and the chassepots, with which the French committee promises shortly to equip them, will make up for any loss here. The dragoons are not a sufficiently large body to have been called very prominently into action as yet ; there are many dashing horsemen among them, however, and they are getting rather popular just now with horsy recruits, both English and foreign ; they have lately been joined by, among others, Prince Ros pigliosi, two Counts Antonelli, Count Datti, Prince Iturbide, grandson of the former Em peror of Mexico of that name, Mr. de Selby, and Mr. Keeling. The Zouaves mustered strongly and looked well ; it is to be regretted that the difficulty of providing them with some gala headgear to replace the everyday kepi, and more in keeping with their peculiar uni form, has not yet been surmounted. It is curious that this regiment, which must con tain a larger proportion of men of position in its rank and file than any army in the world, is yet less abundantly provided with uniforms than any other. I cannot say it is any loss to the men in their appearance, as the very ab sence of primness and spotlessness makes them look all the more business-like and ready for work at any moment, but it mars their show on parade days. The extreme and unusual difference between the uniforms of the officers and men is, perhaps, more striking, and calls still more for correction. The smartest corps is the artillery, which has likewise attracted its share of Romans of good descent. I counted seven among its rank and file on Thursday,fth h the and ot there were doubtless more. It has not bee n grea tl y t r i e d as ye t, b u t th e de fenceth em c w new fo s rt o ifi m ca e lo y n . s may provide The specific business of the day was the distribution by the pro-ministro of the various decorations awarded to merit in the late cam paign. The general descended from his horse on the ground where the artillery was drawn up, and the candidates for decoration being presented to him in order, they were invested with their distinctive badges with the ancient ceremonies of the sword-buffet and the acco lade. The order of San Silvestro, or Order of the Golden Spur, the most ancient in Europe, is highly prized and coveted. It is said to have been instituted by Constantine after the famous victory over Maxentius, signalized by his vision of the Cross; he obtained for it St. Sylvester's benediction, and was invested with it by him. It has received- several revivals by various Pontiffs ; the name of St. Sylvester was attached to it at the last, under Gregory XVI. It is borne by two classes—Commen datori and Cavalieri. Some few were also given of the order of St. Gregory the Great, the whole number of whom is limited to thirty gran croce, seven commendatori, and 300 cava liers. Some, also, of the newer order of Pius IX. Following is the summary of the remainder of General Kanzler's report to the Pope of the campaign of 1867, of which I sent the com mencement last week. It is, perhaps, worth while to call attention to the action of the Italian element of the army observable in the mention of the corps in which it predo minates, and in the approbation accorded to bearers of unmistakably Peninsular patrony mics. The harmony reigning between the different nationalities may be gathered from their joint co-operation in all matters of impor tance and the special services of kindness ren dered to each other on various occasions : GENERAL KANZLER'S REPORT OF THE CAMPAIGN OF 1867. _ _ _ On the 4th of October, Nerola, Moricone, and Montemaggiore were invaded by a band starting from the usurped province of Sabina. They were liberated by a detachment of squadriglieri (who, as I think I have already mentioned, form a volunteer corps of peasants) and gendarmi, who attacked the invaders with such impetuosity that after a brief resistance they took to flight, throw ing down their arms and red shirts, and sought refuge in the neighbouring woods, leaving several prisoners, their colours, a mule laden with ammu nition, and papers not devoid of interest. Immediately after this the territory of Nerola and Monte Libretti were again invaded by a band proceeding also from Sabina—this time commanded by Menotti Garibaldi, while the regular troops of Italy looked on and offered no opposition. Captain Celli, of the gendarmi, commanding a detachment of 70 men, met with a band of 130 Garibaldians, in the environs of Monte Libretti, on the morning of the 6th, and dispersed them, killing some few, taking three prisoners, and setting free their vice brigadier, and two others of their corps whom the Garibaldians had overpowered at their post in the The command of the military district of Tivoli was at this time confided to Lieutenant-Colonel de Charette, of the Zouavos ; and a company of gendarmi, the local squathiglieri, and some com panies of the Roman Legion were added to his forces. He at once planned vigorous measures. A detachment was sent on the 7th to Montemaggiore to cut off communication between the invaded places. A quantity of ammunition was taken here, and a banner bearing the portrait of Garibaldi. The following day the lieutenant-colonel himself set out at the head of a column of gendarmi and Zouaves, and marched first on Monte Libretti and then on Nerola, wheke the inhabitants greeted them as their liberators, with cries of " Viva Pio IX." The Garibaldian camp could be easily made out from this place, on the slope of Monte (jarpignano. On observing the approach of our troops a con siderable number made good their escape to Fara, the remainder took up a position on the heights about 1,500 yards distant; nor could all the incita tions of the Pontifical troops induce them to ven- tare an engagement. Meantime another band, led by one Blenio, who had lately held a commission of captain in the Italian army, was harassing the territory of Subiaco. On the Bth they entered Cervara, a defenceless village, which they soon after aban doned; but on the 11th, while the Zouaves sta tioned at Subiaco were absent reconnoitreing the neighbourhood, they made an attack on it, and the few gendarmi and squadriglieri had no choice but to retire to the fortress. Mgr. Manetti, Adminis- trator-Apostolic of the abbey, and the Governor were arrested and placed under a strong guard ; but the surrender of the fortress could be obtained by neither exhortations nor threats. In less than two hours the Zouaves returned from Cervara. Blenio was killed by a shot from the revolver of Lieu tenant Desclee, who received four dagger wounds in the melie which ensued. Georgio, second in command, was taken prisoner along With a number of others, and on him, as well as on Blenio, papers of importance were found. The principal band under Menotti continued to infest the confines between Sabina and the Comarca, and received additions day by day. In order to ascertain their actual position and num- bers, Lieutenant-Colonel de Cliarette sent out a column of 90 Zouaves on the 13th, under Lieu- tenant Guillemin, which arrived at Monte Lib retti about five in the evening. They found it occu pied by a strong body of Garibaldians (about 1,200, as it was afterwards learnt) ; nevertheless, the Zouaves, with their usual entrain, rushed to the assault, overcoming every obstacle, and driving the Garibaldians back into the town. Lieutenant Guillemin was killed before the gate, and Sub lieutenant de Quelen fell desperately wounded. The bugler, Giuseppe Mimmi (Roman), who had two fingers of the hand with which he held his instrument shot away by a musket-ball, took it in his lefbhand, and continued to sound the charge. The number of killed and wounded on the other side amounted to forty. Night supervening' it was impossible to continue the assault, and Sergeant- Major Bach, on whom the command had' devOlved, took up a position in one of the houses of the suburb, where he remained, vi order to see after the wounded, till next day, when be ;Parched his men back to Monte Rotondo. On the 14th, when Captain Deveaux and Lieutenant Poccioni, of the gendarmi, at the head of fifty Zouaves and squad riglieri, came over in search of Sub-lieutenant de Quelen, they found the Garibaldians had completely evacuated it, and they were enabled to render him the last offices and to carry him back with them to Palombara, avoiding, by theirway, with much saga city, an ambush laid for them by above 300 of the enemy. By the middle of October the invasion assumed more formidable proportions. On the 13th Falva terra, in the province of Frosinone , was invaded by bands ' which had been gathering along the Neapolitan frontier. Their entry was signalized by the usual exploits —tearing down the Pontifical arms, insults offered to the Government employes and to the clergy, forced requisitions of money and provisions, &c. On the 15th this place was abandoned, and a more numerous troop attempted to enter Valle corsa, but were valiantly resisted for several hours by the small body of gendarmi stationed there under Captain Lueidi ; another detachment of gen darmi and squadriglieri, under Lieutenant Loreti, coming up from Castro, on their sending thither for aid, were forced to retire, and were finally routed at Oliveti di Morleta by a column composed of a company of Cacciatori and a section of the Roman Legion, under Captain Garofalo, leaving many dead and wounded and considerable quan tities of arms and munitions in the hands of our troops, of whom two were killed and one squad rigliere wounded. From the prisoners it was learnt that the head of the bands which had invaded Frosi none from the side of Naples was Nicotera, deputy of the Florence Parliament. Acquapendente was occupied on the 11th by a band which disappeared on the arrival of our troops, but at Torre Alfine Acerbi had gathered a body 800 strong. On the night of the 15-16th S. Lorenzo was attacked, and the little guard of gendarmi stationed there driven by stress of far superior numbers back upon Bolsena. On the fol lowing thy the invaders, assuming the name 01 the Roman Legion," took possession of the rai' way station and town of Oite, where the chief Ghirelli, issued a proclamation in which occurs the following paragraph. " Citizens ! The temporal power has ceased to exist. Rome greets the dawn of her regeneration. We come not to impose on you preconceived de signs, but to make you the arbiters of your own fate." (That arbitration has manifestly decided in favour of continuing under the Pontifical Go vernment.) The forced levy on the religious communities of the place and the flight of the 800 "regenerators " at the approach of a small body of Pontifical troops a few hours later I have already detailed at the time. At the same time Garibaldian bands had been seen at Ischia and Farnese. A body of gendarmi, troops of the line and Zouaves, was sent to their encounter, and on the 19th an action took place at Farnese near the Capuchin monastery, in which the Garibaldians lost seven killed, several wounded, and three prisoners. On our side were two wounded, one of whom, Sub-lieutenant de Fournel, a re markably brave young officer, received fourteen bayonette-cuts. ° He died shortly after at Valen tino. At Borghetto, near Civita Castellana, there was an encounter on the 21st, between a body of gen darmi under Lieutenant Morettini and troops of the line under Lieutenants Testa and Gamtini, commissioned to protect the labourers who were set to take up a portion of the railway line. The Garibaldians left one dead and four wounded, and finally made good their escape by Ponte Felice, whence they had been encouraged to the combat by the cries of the Italian troops on guard ! On the 23rd, news was received that Acerbi was advancing on Viterbo ; on the night of the 24-sth, a patrol of Dragoons under Lieutenant Fabiani, was sent to reconnoitre the road to Celeno. At not more than a mile and a half's distance they were charged by the advancing party, one dragoon falling dead, another wounded, and the lieutenant sustaining a slight wound in his hand. The - Dra goons returned with the news, closely followed by the Garibaldians, who succeeded in setting fire to one of the gates of the town. The defence made by Colonel Azzanesi, however, was so good, that the Garibaldians, though 800 in number, were obliged to withdraw, leaving a superior officer killed and forty prisoners, quantities of arms, munitions, and horses, and their entire ambu lance. Other attempts on the various towns of the pro vince of Frosinone were, at the same time, being resisted by a column of Gendarmi, Squadriglieri, and Dragoons, under Major Lauri, until the danger with which Rome and the Comarca were threatened rendered it necessary to call them off on the 25th, in order to concentrate the forces. After the engagement at Monte Libretti, above narrated, the Garibaldians had dispersed them selves over the surrounding country, continually receiving additions to their numbers by way of Terni. It is said they travelled free on the rail way with tickets issued specially for their use. The station of Corese was invaded, railway communica tion beyond Monte Rotondo interrupted. It thus became necessary once more to take the offensive. This was undertaken by Lieut.-Col. de Charette, who advanced to the attack on the 18th, at the head of a column composed of Gendarmi, Zouaves, Carbineers, and some men of the Roman Legion. Leavin g Monte Libretti at 6.30, they reached Nerola at 10.15. The firing was commenced and sustained with great ardour. They had with them one piece of artillery, which told with great effect on the citadel, which was to a considerable height above the town, and in which most of the Gari baldians had taken refuge. Before twelve a white flag was run up here, and Nerola was occupied militarily with Pontifical troops, and advanced posts established all round it. " Viva Pio IX." was the cry of the men throughout the action ; 130 Gan baldians were taken prisoners, including their com mander—one Conte di Aquila. Th e cioxiboadia ni at tw o time occupied several surrounding places, and were about 3,500 idnum ber. On the 24th they invaded the station of Monte Rotondo ' and took prisoners the piquet of the guard. Having at the same time broken the telegraph wires, communication was cut off between the capital and Monte Rotondo, where was a garrison composed of two companies of the Roman Legion, and one of Carbineers, a section of .... . Artillery, platoon of Dragoons, and a few Gen darmi, in all 370 men, commanded by Captain Costes. The attack began at six the next morning (25th), led by Garibaldi in person, who had under his command upwards of 5,000 men. You have already had particulars of the extra ordinary defence of this place for a day and a-half, and its final surrender when the ammu nition was exhausted, the doors of the citadel in flames, and works already commenced for under- mining it, as well as Gar&ldi's harangue to the prisoners as he sat on horseback in the cathe dral—the 1035 of a brave officer, Lieut. de Quatrebarbe, and a subaltern officer named Massei, in hot fight, and of a soldier of the Roman Legion barbarously cut down in cold blood after the surrender, against about 400 of the enemy killed and wounded, as well as of the final removal of the garrison to Varignano amid continual in sults, because they one and all stedfastly refused to desert to the 'ltalian side. During all the dangers and privations of this trying time indeed not one desertion had taken place from any corps. The troops had everywhere shown a prowess worthy of an army of veterans, but their number was small considering the scat tered nature of the points they had to defend. Moreover a good deal of sickness had resulted from the long fatigues and hardships, and, above all, there was every reason to believe that the regular troops of Victor Emmanuel which had been ac cumulated, with cavalry and artillery, in the neigh bourhood of Orbetello and Sora, would soon be - poured down upon them. The numbers of Garibaldians had increased ; Garibaldi and his sons were at their head, and their plan of attack was plain. Acerbi was to make diversions on the side of Viterbo, Nicotera en that of Frosinone, but the great body was to be united under Garibaldi in the Comarca, with the intention of marching on Rome. Nevertheless, the Roman troops had so often dispersed them when far surpassing them in num bers, that they would have felt little uneasiness on that score, but for the fact that their numbers were so long kept up and so continually reinforced, and that the attitude assumed by the regular troops on the borders left no reason to doubt it was in tended very shortly to overstep it. - Then came the promise of a speedy interven tion of French troops, which once more restored the parity of the contending forces and assured success to the Roman side. But there remained the probability that an immediate attack might be made on Rome before the French could arrive. Against this eventuality it was necessary to pre- pare. For some days it had been observed that num bers of foreigners of suspicious aspect were intro ducing themselves into the capital, some of these having been, for one reason or another, arrested. On all were found papers, from which it could be gathered that it was intended to attempt a simul taneous attack within and without the walls The explosion of bombs and discovery of depots of arms `,Were further indications that such a plot was ripen ing. The General then goes on to give in outline the various means of defence provided, and the engineering works carried on under direc tion of Colonel Lana, of the Pontifical Engi neers, which were afterwards approved by General Proudhon, of the French Engineers. The report then adverts to the events of the night of the 22nd October, of which, and the abstention of the people from all participation in them, you have already been informed : That the movement was really organized and promoted from without was proved with greater certainty next day, when information Was received that various red-shirts bad been seen prowling round the monti Parioli. General Zappi imme diately sent out a patrol of forty-two carbineers, and at Villa Glori, near Acqua Acetosa, they found sixty Garibaldians; there followed a hand-to-hand encounter, in which several of the band were killed, among whom were Enrico Cairoli, and one Mantovani, of Pavia. Seven more were wounded, among whom a brother of Cairoli, captain of artillery in the regular army of Victor Emmanuel. Captain Mayer, who headed the carbinieri, was seriously wounded. On the following day (24th), a column composed of gendarmi, cacciatori, and Zouaves, prosecuted the seizure of various stray members of the band, who, at their examination, deposed that they had come under the orders of Enrico Cairoli down the Tiber in boats on the 22nd., and disembarked on the left bank near Acqua Acetosa, with the in tention of awaiting the steamboat which attends to tow boats going up the stream, seizing it, and by this means effecting an entrance into the capi tal. But on that day, contrary to its wont, the steamer did not ply, so that they were obliged to remain where they were till discovered and beaten by our troops. Upon Cairoli were found plans and memoranda concerning the walls of Rome, and the easiest points for entry. It was under these circumstances that General Zappi proclaimed, on the 25th, the state of siege as the best measure for protecting the persons and property of the loyal citizens. Just at this moment considerable anxiety was entertained concerning the fate of the garrison of Monte Rotondo, and on the night of the 25-6th., a company of the Roman legion was sent in that direction, but finding the Via Salaria surrounded by strong detachments of Garibaldians, they made across country by a clever movement, and took the Via Nomentana, from which, across the woods, they made their way ap to the walls of the town at the very moment in which the garrison had capi tulated. There was a skirmish between Captain Derosta's men and the advanced posts, but find ing himself with his eighty-five men opposed to a whole battalion, he succeeded in effecting a re treat in good order with inconsiderable loss. Meantime, within the city, there were occa sional calls for serious attention. On the night of the 26th a bomb was thrown in the street by an individual who was himself mortally wounded thereby. He carried on his shoulder a bag, in which was another bomb. He was dressed like a seafaring man, and his body could not be identified in Rome. The next day, in full daylight, a Zonave was treacherously murdered in the Trastevere, fol lowed by the affair in Ajani's house, already de tailed in your columns : Greater apprehensions were, however, caused by the constantly increa s i ng n umbers of Garibaldians outside the city, and there was reason, every moment, to expect the entry of the troops of Victor Emmanuel on the Pontifical territory. In conse quence of the concern of the Holy Father for the troops scattered in small garrisons, it was decided, on the 27th October, to concentrate all the troops on Rome and Civita Vecchia. In effecting this movement the railway line was taken up as soon as the troops had passed on the Orbetello and Isoletta lines. Videttes were posted on the heights to watch the movements of the enemy, and the Salario bridge over the Anio was blown up. Out posts were established at the most important points outside the walls, and day and night strong re connoitreing parties scoured the environs. The troops were not molested in their progress back from the provincial towns ; but, on the 28th Nicotera entered. Frosinone, and on the 29th Vel letri; Acerbi stationed himself at Viterbo, while smaller parties, under inferior chiefs, were sent into Palestrina, Genazzano, Subiaco, Tivoli, &c., exercising the usual amount of violence and sac rilege ; and the regular Italian troops invaded Acquapendente, Civita Castellana, and Frosinone. On the same night the French fleet hove in sight off Civita Vecchia, , ,and on the 30th the French troops arrived in Rome. hus relieved, the Papal troops were ince more in a position to garrison the provinces. Accord ingly, General de Courten set out the same day for Albano and Velletri, at the head of a column of gendarmi, cacciatori, legionaries, a section of artillery, and a platoon of dragoons. Nicotera abandoned the latter p'ace at his ap proach, taking the direction of Valmontone, and it would appear that the other bands of Orsini and Autinori were also endeavouring to make a movement of concentration on Tivoli, in order to unite their forces with the principal body under Garibaldi between Monte Rotondo and Mentana, which it was his boast that he would make his base of operations for advancing to the conquest of Rome. It was time to put an end to his boasting. Ac cordingly, the general pro-minister determined to put himself at the head of a column of troops to march to his encounter. The report then winds up with the account of the battle of Mentana, of which I sent you a notice when the report concerning it appeared by itself weeks ago, and with a eulogy on the military chaplains and other priests, religious and secular, who assisted them in their minis trations, as well.as the Sisters of Charity ; the Palatine guard, mariners and custom-house officers, and the urban guard of volunteer Romans and foreign residents who relieved the labours of the military on many occasions ; the loyalty and order of the people, and, above fiwelling with admintieh en the firmness and. serenity manifested by the Holy Father strengthening the hearts of all. I hear by a private letter from the neigh bourhood of Geneva that the Swiss Catholics are bestirring themselves in the matter of sub scriptions for the Papal army ; in one little village where there had been no public sub scription, the poor people only living from hand to month themselves, clubbed together and made up a widow's mite of forty francs. The Conservative Journal of Fribourg had col- lected 18,000 francs up to the end of January for the wounded. They continue also to keep up their supply of men for the Carbinieri esters. About fifty recruits of various countries arrived again last week for the Zouaves. The num ber of British subjects is now so far increased that it has been found desirable to appoint another English chaplain, as the work w - as be ginning to be more than Aim% Stoner had time for. this is Father O'Connor, who seems also very much liked by the men. Mgr. Stonor is, I am happy to say, better than at the date of my last, but he has been advised to take a fort night's absence for rest and change. of air. His library and reading rooms for English Zouaves has been opened this week, and appears duly appreciated by those for whom it is intended. The rooms have been fully attended every evening, suggesting that they may shortly not prove capacious enough. It is very credit able to the character of the men, as so far the entertainment provided is purely mental. This leads me from warlike to more peaceful subjects. The Carnival is going its usual train, at least the customary palchi with their gay hangings are erected all down the Corso ; the gun which announces the Senator's procession, which is the opening act, will sound only a short time before post hour, but there is never much excitement on the first day. Mean- time the services called del Carnevale santi- ficato are going on for the benefit of the pious. The Colleges, too, are providing their entertain ments, designed to attract young people away from the greater vanities of the Corso. The usual requiem on Cardinal Wiseman's anniversary was celebrated at the English Col lege this morning. The Mass and Absolution were sung by the Rector. Mgr. Talbot, the Pro-Protector of the College, was present; also Mgr. Kirby, Rector of the Irish College, and Mgr. Cataldi.. There Av4§an average attendance of the English Catholic winterers in Rome. Among.them Lady Herbert of Lea, also many of the English Zouaves. Notwithstanding the extraordinary preoccu pations and expenses of the past twelvemonth, means have been found for works of less abnor mal character. The Bishop of Algiers acknowledges in a Roman paper this week the receipt of 5,000 lire, sent by the Pope to the subscription in favour of the Algerians sufferinc , by famine, " who although not of the household b of faith" writes the Bishop, "have a claim on the limited means at his disposal as the adopted children of France." A new establishment for the reception of penitents, situated in the Via dei Riarii, was opened by a triduo in honour of St. Mary Magdalen, the three last days of this week. It is constructed to accommodate fifty penitents and six nuns of the order of the Good Shep- herd. The building is very plain, and wel adapted to its purpose. The dormitory is spa cious and contains fifty-one beds—one a little more soigne than the rest being for a nun to sleep in the ward. The beds are of iron, and are not luxurious certainly, but sufficiently furnished and raised, so as to afford free circu lation of air. The other nuns have their rooms upstairs, where there is also a convenient iron ing-room and loggia for drying the linen. On the first floor is an excellent and well-appointed schoolroom and a tribune, where the inmates attend the chapel services. On the basement are kitchens, refectories, parlours, a small in firmary, with an altar, where Mass may be heard by the sick, and the chapel, which is a very elegant little structure, adorned by an altar-piece, representing St. Mary Magdalen under, perhaps, rather too mournful an aspect, by- Gagliardi. A corridor, running through the centre of the building, leads to about half an acre of playground, where are provided means of healthy recreation, of which the in mates seem not slow to avail themselves. With the exception of one or two slowly recovering from dangerous disorders, they are singularly well-looking, buxom young women, and ex press themselves well satisfied with their posi tion. They take the domestic duties of the establishment in turns. A marble tablet in a conspicuous situation records the gratitude due to the late saintly Bishop of Albano, Cardinal Patrizzi, and other benefactors of the house, and a corresponding tablet awaits in blank to be inscribed with the day when the Holy Father will bless the little Casa di ricovero with a visit, anxiously looked forward to by all. " Dear, kind, holy father !" said one of the young penitents, " how we long for him to come. I dare say you foreigners have often seen him, and I, who only come from Foligno, have never set eyes on him yet." A portrait of a benefactress (Princess Cor sini) bears under it a not inapt lesson, re corded in a neat hand, that those whom the thoughtless may esteem possessed of every en joyment this life can afford, are, nevertheless, often called upon by Divine _Providence to en dure bereavements which make them subjects of common sympathy,illustrated in the instance of the above-named amiable and charitable Princess by all her children, including an only son of great promise, having been taken from her by death. On the ground floor is also an excellent wash-house, supplied with stone tanks, and constantly running water. The water-supply is carried to the top of the house, and the sani tary ar rangements are very praiseworthy. From the upper windows a fine view of the countless domes and towers of Rome is ob tained, bounded by the north elevation of the C orsini palace. Other works of peace are the various archse ological excavations which are continually un earthing objects of interest in and around Rome. These are suspended during the hot season, when it is not considered safe for the workmen to continue at them ; they were re sumed this winter just as usual. They are sub sidized by a grant every year from the Ministry of Public Works ; but Commendatore Vis conti, commissary of antiquities, who directs them, has frequently to call on the Pope for extra aid, and out of his inconsiderable civil list Pius IX. often affords ' 5,000 or 10,000 lire at a time to promote the interest of science. The principal works in hand at the present moment are those of Ostia, the Palatine, the Trastevere, and the Marmorata. At Ostia Commendatore Visconti is forming a local museum, which will henceforth receive whatever objects of interest are dug ont, so that they may be studied amid all their natural associations. It is reckoned that about two fifths of the ancient city have been already brought to light. The whole of the Palatine, with the ex ception of the Farnese Gardens and the villa of the Visitation nuns, now belongs to the State. It will, in all probability, purchase the latter in order to prosecute its researches. The present owner of the former is the Em peror of the French. In the Trastevere, I mentioned to you many months ago that the statio of the seventh cohort of the Vigiles had been discovered. Since that time not only have these quarters of the army of ancient Rome been opened up, but there have been found on the walls many inscriptions scratched with the point of a knife on the fresh plaster, many of which are likely to prove of great importance in fixing dates which have hitherto been the subject of controversy. But the excavations to which attention is being especially directed at the present moment are those of the Marmorata, on the left bank of the Tiber, where the numerous blocks of marble, drawn by ancient Rome from the quarries of Greece, Asia, and Africa, for the construc tion and embellishment of her temples and palaces, were deposited after being brought up the Tiber from the port of Ostia, The dig- ging on this spot has only lately been under taken, yet already forty-three blocks of marble have been unearthed, all of which come from quarries at present unknown or exhausted. Some of these blocks are estimated to be worth 10,000 lire. The Holy Father drove to the spot unex pectedly on the 10th, and, as it happened, found Cardinal Antonelli talking with the charming ease of manner which distinguishes him to Commendatore Visconti and the work men. Commendatore. Visconti had the honour of guiding his Holiness along the rough path by the bank of the river leading to the works, and explaining their whole bearing to his Holi ness. A very beautiful block of marble (marntor carystium) was dug ont in his presence. I shall probably often have occasion to men tion this work, as it is likely to lead to discove ries scarcely second in interest to those of Her culaneum or Pompeii. Some of the beautiful marbles already brought to the surface will be used in the new chapel of St. Andrew Avellino, in the church of St. Andrea della Valle. The excavations in the catacombs are also progressing. Cavaliere Rossi is still engaged on the second volume of his " Roma Sotter ranea," which is being published at the Pope's expense. The following report, which I extract from the Correspondence de Rome, of the last meeting of the British Arclueological Society, may have an interest for some of your readers : Mr. Parker commenced by expressing his satis faction at the admission of Cavaliere Rossi among the honorary members of the society. He said Cavaliere Rossi was one of the most distinguished archaeologists of Europe. His " Inscrisptiones Romanae" and his " ltoma Sotterranea ' 5. alone suffice to fix his rank in the'world of science. It was to him the Pope referred the society when it applied for permission to study and take photo graphs in the catacombs. The cordiality with which this permission was accorded testifies to the liberality and large-mindedness of the Cavaliere. Far from shutting them out of what may be consi dered his special domain, he defended them against other persons who raised difficulties as to their ad mission. That the Pope had presented him (Ur. Parker) with the silver medal was sufficient evi dence that he approved their objects 'and spirit. The first season he passed in Rome he made it his work to study the primitive Christian churches of Rome, and examine the fragments of construc tion alleged to belong to the time of the Apostles, which are not infrequently to be met with. He was, of course, most attracted by that of St. Puden tiana, which had always been declared by the Church of Rome to be the oldest in the world. And he had convinced himself that part of the walls and the crypt really belonged to the date of Nero, and that the edifice had originally been a hall in . the palace of the Senator Pudens, - the friend of Martial and Governor of the Roman provinces of " Britannia Meridionalis," and that the crypt was long the refuge of the Christians in time of per secution, as Justin Martyr attests. Mr. Shakespeare Wood then read a paper on the fragments of the plan of Rome, engraved in marble, • of the date of the third century, found in the gar. den of the Church of SS. Cosmo e Damiano, at the foot of a brick wall, on which are yet to be found remains of cement and metal hooks or clasps, des tined to attach a coating of marble ; he believed that the wall belonged to the Templunz Urbis Romte. The fragments of the plan contain that of an im mense portico, with the words, Porticus Livia 3, and coincides exactly in all its measures with the site of the present Church of Sta. Francesca Romano, and the ruins commonly called 7'enzplunz Veneris et .Roznx. _ _ Mr. Hemans combated Mr. Wood's opinion with great ingenuity of argument, citing from memory a number of passages from ancient authors. Mr. Parker stated, however, that his view coincided with that expressed by Mr. Wood. It is further his idea that the third Regio of the time of Augus tus, instead of ending with the Meta Sudans, a s modern authors have supposed, may, with much more probability, be reckoned to have extended to the other extremity of the plane on which the Porticus Livice was placed, and that the little triangular elevation between the Basilica of Max entius and that of Constantine, the Coliseum and the east side of the Porticus Livice, is the site of the Castra Misenatium. In order to understand Mr. Parker's speech it is necessary to explain the origin of the opposition to which he alludes. it would seem that when he first came to Rome, his zeal in examining both within and without the construction of the primitive churches, led him, on one occasion, in order the better to explain his discoveries in the Church of Sta. Pudentiana to his friends, to address them out loud, standing in the altar, and with his back turned (inadvertently) to the Tabernacle. The ecclesiastical authorities were naturally scan dalized at the moment ; but the matter was ex plained, and Mr. Parker was permitted to con tinue his researches, having care to use greater caution. The naval fleet of the United States is composed of six squadrons, besides half a dozen vessels on special service. The North Atlantic squadron is composed of the Susquehanna, 14 guns ; Do Soto, 6; Monongahela, 7 ; Don, 8; Shawmut, 8 ; Mahaska, 10 ; Saco, 10 ; Yantic, 5 ; Marble head; 7; Glasgow, 2. The South Atlantic squadron is composed of the Guerriere, 21; Pawnee, 11; Sharnokia, 10; Quinnobaug, 6; Huron, 6; Wasp, 3 ; Kansas, 3. The European squadron.—Franklin, 39; Canandaigua, 7 ; Ticonderoga, 9; Shamrock, 10; Swatara, 10; Frolic, 5; ltuard, 3. North Pacific Squadron.—Pensacola, 20; Ossipee, 6 ; Saranac, 11 • Lackawanna, 7 ; Mohican, ; Resaca, 8 • Swanee, 10; store ship Cyane, 18 ; Saginau, 6; jamestown, 1. South Pacific Squadron: Powhatan, 17 ; store ship Fredonia, 0; Dakota, 3 ; Wate ree, 10 ; Nyack, 6. Asiatic squadron : Hartford, 21 • Shen andoah, 7 ; Ashuebt, 10 ; Oneida, 8. Monocacy, 10; Ana dilla, 5 ; Wyoming, 6 ; Arcostook 5 ; store ship Idaho, 7 ; Supply, 6 ; Onward, 3 ; Piscataqua, 23. Special service : Michigan, 8; Sabine, 34; Taratoga, 9: Newberne, 3; Portsmouth, 9 ; Ascentney, '2 ; Purveyor, 1. There are 53 ironclads laid up —2l at League Island (near Philadel phia); 8 at, New Orleans, 7 at Mound City (Illinois), 5 at Washington, 4 at Boston, 2 at San Francisco, 3 at New York; at Portsmouth 1, at Philadelphia 1, and at Anna polis 1. Congress has authorised the selling of the most of these. The Washington correspondent of the Herald says that President Johnson has selected General lan to succeed Mr. Adams as United States Minister to E 'gland. There is much doubt, however, whether Gen. M'Clellau, who is at present in Europe, will accept the offer, and there is less that the Senate will reject the nomination. .ADVERTISEMENT.]—Avoid Medicines: they always aggravate chronic complaints: but Du Barry's delicious health -restoring Revalenta Ambles, Food, which yields three times the nourish ment of the best meat, saves 50 times its cost in other remedies, and invariably restores perfect digestion, strong nerves, sound lungs, healthy liver, pure blood, refreshing sleep, functional regularity, an energy to the most disordered or enfeebled. We extract a few out of 68,000 cures ;—" The Pope's health restored by Du Barry's Food. Cure No. 68,413. "Rome, July 21, 1866. —The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabica Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every meal. It has produced a surprisingly bene ficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excel lent food too highly." From the "Gazette du Midi, July 25 Cure No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, o: seven years' liver complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the most intolerable nervous agitation.." Cure No. 1,771 ; Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years dyspepsia. No. 49,832: " Fifty years' indescribable agoPy froul dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulencY , spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria J oly."—Cure No; 46,270: Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness. Important Caution.—Beware of the manY unsavoury. and more than sloppy imitations to which, without authority, Baron Liebig's name is most audaciously attached . In tins at is. 10.; 1 lb., 2s 9d.: 2 lbs., 48. 6d,; 5 lbs. lls.; 12 lbs., 225.; 24 lbs., 405.-13/nuar Dv Bearer and Co., No. 7 7, Regent-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason, 182, PiecadillY l and at 61, Graxechurch-street; 4, Cheapside; 63, 150, and 29 8 , Oxford-street 330 Strand; and all grocers and chemists. Births. HOLROYD On the 20th inst., at Biarritz, France, the wife of Cr. F. Hoiroyd, Esq., of 8, Sussex-square, Hyde-park, of twin daughters. HILLYAR— On the 21st inst., at Portsea, the wife of °apt- E. Hillyar, C. 8., H.M.'s ship Royal Oak, of a son. WRITESIDE—On the 21st inst., at 11, Arlington-st r ee t, Hull, Yorkshire, Mrs. Whiteside, of a daughter. Marriages. ANGERSTEIN—HOARE—On the 22d inst., at St. George' Hanover-square, William J. N. Angerstein, eldest son ot W. Angerstein, Esq., of Weeting, Norfolk, and of Wood lands, Blackheath, to Augusta Frances Anne, the 01111 child of Sir Henry Hoare, Bart., of Stourhead, and Lady Hoare. BALL—KNox —On the 20th inst., at Monkstown Church, William Clare Ball, Assistant Commissary-Generale t° Elizabeth, youngest daughter of the Rev. Edmond D. Knox, rector of Kilflynn, county of Limerick. Deaths. BRAMAII On the 19th inst., at Market Bosworth, Leices", tershire, Edward Bird Bramah, Esq., solicitor, aged 4D. CHALMER—On the 20th inst., at Cheltenham, Major F• Chalmer, late 7th Dragoon Guards, of Larbert floug)/ Falkirk, N. 8., aged 71. DUFOUR—On the 19th inst., Mr. William Dufo ur, of 1741" Great George-street, Westminster. DAMES—On the 20th inst., at 23 , East - cliff, Dover, Liel sth General W. Longford Dames, Colonel - i n-Chief, Fusiliers, aged 61. EVANS—On the 20th inst., at Ellaston, near Ashbourilei William Evans, Esq., aged 71. POLLARD—On the 20th inst., at Shalford, near Guildforrad: George 0. Pollard, Esq., son of the late Rev . J • F °ll3 rector of Bennington, Awls, aged 46. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM AND O i v, of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tlth SUN Mice, 14° f un strand, in the Precinct of the Se coy, in the Cot' ° Dliddlea a.--Biouday, February 24, 1868. F /