The Sun. — London, England, 1851-11-03 00:00:00

yvor—.ll T eacP,i [ 11) 1. 40 0 I Per cfs t; 43 cii°; i. 6 9 ' ~ .....0 i.ii .... , "611 bilo.•'' •• ~ .0 0 ' l i ',..." 3 91 ...," 'l.i. . . or ri tiffi e ;.ol t ior t l ce oP, s t : $ l3 " 0' os l° g i3l3 t re c., '2340 0 : 0 1 noco,,v , vir4e7 ft" I!' c 01." ° 4 1,0 3 6 95,61 o' 4 til l io, ,e,. Fife 0 nrwr BRIGHTON, and SOUTH-COAST Oil Treat) Z.X>NI R kit WAY. AUTUUN A.CES. 411 46 ... AY. the 4 th November, and WEDNESDAY, the sth ADD 24 11,4' T R ! // O , O 7 ll Z e 4 l 9tiTiLL TRAINS will run as usual. See Time 4,4TelOgulls, Nove iD ICK SLlGllTlSeeretary. . 1 tuber 1, t . la n t om ti , 07thnlie for A t : Ra T ee. ll AI N HANDICAP. N . n TIIESDA.Y, the 4th November, a SPECI U. EXPRESS •It 11 ._ igno , e the Londeu-bridge Terminus at One P.M., arriving UM % FREDERICK SLIGHT, Secretary. Ilinaintll. - ovember 1, 1851. and MANCHESTER • poi„.lti DI LONDON CONIPANY (Rastrick's Line). VISION of 3s. 6d.per Share is now PaYing• ii4404 41 47 4 - I ".. una .—. s etiolwilllwigfuthe previous receipt of 4 ' l. per Share, to he left Ur• Parrlnton, 16, King-street, Cheapside, Ultn NIT - KIN GDOM LIFE ASS . . t , COMPANY. Iw4terk„2.ll,__tablished by Act of Parliament in 1834, is -.r."404,Pa11-mall London • 97, Reorge-stree' th7L'lt•lnneent-place,'Glasgovv; 4, College. green, lisithr-s.uli a dded to poli c i es • , . li kr. is as f o l lows: from March, 1834, RANCE Edinburgh; Dublin. to the 31st h t ••••••:—.7. %Die 46401 40 00 1 000 100 5 t , 105 5 5004m:41, addedtol Polley inlB4ll Sum addedto Polieyin 1848 Sum payable at Death. 113 3 'eare 10 rat 1 Year 125 ' 712 y ea , 7 e Year [2 y ears 4 y ears 1 1 Year 11111 % 613(114 s... th -w commencement of the year 1841 a person aged /4 444, lc ad.; in for 1,0001 , the Annual Paym,nt for which 14t0„ti bo n , ~,,° 47 had paid in Premiums 160/. tot„:.." 4 .Der a 31 1; Per cent. per annum on the sum insured (which itili tlost Inriefor each 1 ,0001.), he had 1571. 10s. added to the • %gum s hUa v n as ti,e Premiums paid. half need e erth elese, are on the most moderate scale, and L5" 47 11 ..52r /A rc Paid for the first five years when the In 441111.rMaa. vr.e_tkon afforded on application to the Resident Direc -wilocl-place, Pall-mall, London. £787 10 0 112 10 0 157 10 0 157 10 0 22 10 0 78 15 0 45 0 0 11 5 0 £6470 16 8 5112 10 0 1257 10 0 1157 10 0 1022 10 0 628 15 0 545 0 0 511 5 0 !Eb t - ToR RI TY To EMPLOYERS. „ez--zeRET.A. ~.. RIES OF PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS , ~ , SJArt,, t .4t.R., ''A-MA.STERS, RAILWAY OFFICIALS, r 1 lit x--‘3O C,LERKS, TRAVELLERS ''' -14IFE ASSURANCE and GUARANTEE COMPANY. AND OTHERS. tito,.._ 32, L udgate•hill, London. •`Vollifed under 7 and 8 Victoria, cap. 110. 5A444 14 tun IiONOBAIir PRESIDENTS. .'/AltErg t.r. Dartmouth !louse, WestminStef . diCerEtßoSlullAW, Esq., M.P., ,h,„__ ta i ...44l2es li l l e s l b e an t TRUSTEES. Stockport. 411 4 7 e Moo re E a aa• Esq., 11, Queen-square. are ~, sq., E ndsleigh-street, Tavistock-squ • littliilitAtt-...rh,,'J'sq., B erners-street, Oxford-street. -,41,04......0n. PRA.NCIii VILLIERS, Berkeley-square. -""". —JAMES 'VFLD, Req., M.P., Charing-cross. 4 .__ .., r . ti B 141 37 .4 ear b, TIM ES" COMPANY s „ tab, at ia l—e to persons requiring the same at the lowest rin#337.130 Divides Four-fifths of the Profits. Thus by apply ill e. ll lllll, t i n ' Ul at Principle of Mutuality to Public Guarantee, g 4. of simil Mead of bein a tax upon honesty, become a f g--Frog g r n 44 ,, a iaT elament. 3 An ~, .°- • s• 6d. upwards. No charge for Stamps or extra ita k .'" NlCe . eea,,,,_,, Goarraanadte,lna the Guarantee Premium where a Life As- We . 8 L , ..lre combined. kenhj ui ,, 'tranc e , t . e. e• ASSURANCE. N k r w, 2 Annuities, rind Endowments. Payments taken 4,_ ta bid i .,: s a! Quarterly, & c , )011,:agetneitl'qfable save in cases of Fraud , •to I,:f Wher e t , eau be made with this Office . to prevent the loss of a ',AN, ~...mt"petintAsseutirtesfi is Linable, from temporary embarrassment, 11. B. SHERIDAN, Manager. : 4 1,,,, t A r t , 6 , ,„lta - "th_ 811 10L•km -- :''' P A.TAL ACCIDENTS. -., 11 '....0 f .-, agai - whether e t ei tt „ Rou ses ,ust ACCIDENTS of ALL KIND- , ~,,,, . , Fires Railway Collisions, Explosions or any „i k e,,,,. ua te .,,, , ' l43 Elsiz A. , • ~„ 7, g " "EATII INSURANCE COMPANY, iht,r altk-huildings, Lothbury Lonon. ettrutPorated u nder 7th and Stli ' Vic., d c. 110. ~.‘ Jus.....R EN . v , ON AN 00,,istinetive Features PARKER, Esq., Q.C. --lit n Cue otdeatt f o r o f in t b a e c C ci o d m en p t an o y r * violence. cleasi.tlure 1 001. by Annual Payment. 2,, ' 6, 1 1 Class 11. I Class 111. 1 4 hm Ilin) . ~* 5 %. 7s 6d. to 40e. -1144 Payment?..a3lnent for Life Class I 1/. Is. tee4le,,g‘l'etkly sum ill case of death from ' accident '" or violence, with 10 b tl e a,,..Den s " ia case of non -fatal injury, and an allowance for . ml 100/ . . 0 Ell4l„ dea , t h, 1/. per week compensation, and 21. for ..., ,at expenses, ~,14 , 8 , 1 1. by annual payment. 44 44 1 28 1 Class 11. I Class 111. 414 14 r, ' I I dew: , 15s. 20s. to 50s. tlon t it •• ooY accident while travelling on a railway, with To i e ee,,_ of non -fatal accident, by annual payment. "fa ZlOOO lOs. .. 500 7s. •• •• 41 : Dieti leg kilp VI, syt" th fart 800 .. .. .. . 62 ani or fro her i nfornaation may be had at the offices anynt of the Company's Agents. WILLIAM YOUNG, Secretary. N ll 1 ,- --- Lipp, "at • - ASSURANCE SOCIETY Op 1 ,., N I al)pr r T . t . , LONDON. kki de% "`'ICREASED FROM ONE-HALF TO tt kn 6lA tit eei Po f o „ ed id", , OU'it-FIFTHS. thrt 11,,nta, anarner, 1 850, in 4•%t tv'ee it ~.,.",:hi, Society after Midsummer, 1850, and re /I/ tri 4 In tel u Pol litiVln Se P t ennial keie llit 1) "' lr leinia '. 'F S of the Net Profits of the Society period of of division, will PARTl kt'rteetuB according to the conditions contained in the proportion to their contributions 4.4tektuiolliirn, r aild Act of Parliament. 41t4 11 3•1 4 "e_r_th An 'Iuired by this Society for insuring Young Lives *N I 4 i hZebiel f ro wanY other old-established offices, and Insur - ftectir a ,W., 4 , ll risk by an ample ve guarantee fund, in ad d f unds derid from the investments of CgA T , A HENRY LIDDERDALE, Actuary. I,4AW ------_____ LIVE ASSURANCE-SaIETY' x. Ikk,"°4 4 „_ Instituted 1823. ..",-, 4 -to bein g fee, Fleet -street London. i444-i, 4144444..,.,411ring th,,, 118 4, itel ,13,:!_ to list DePcr, Reversionary e e m se b n e t: , y l e B a s r 4. will participate in the ~The °Ll fittll h gP,., I:ll.are allotted to the assured . at th e .at the Was to 1 929 0851 have been added to voiv_matti Put di • i " " t gr ptat Of th e sr visions. Nie tt ,,_e4 in q„...__;nclety exceed Three-and-half ti Millions, the 6., '4eB and',.,' the nt or Real Securi • b er vroDosals mav be had on 1 ,185 1. WILLIAM- SAMUEL DOWNES. Actuary' Ike % Ito All the tIIIIBITI ON and th e ROYAL POLYTEC HNICIt i b est hit, INSTITUTION 11101 .4 711, bitiZi.:,llll Dt_ep‘onsrnits wh i ici t ha ed ve been at the Great l i tlt ' ti- T ite . 4.4 ..._ INSTITUTION P OI, irii e f N i z l ectured the _ al at fir ti °lit LeetUres are b J II Peer Esq., on the Ap: t0d 4 1, 14 ,., 4 b r a m Steel in the ljanufaciures pp of the United IC . - .. i . ng_ . it:,,, z vc a meltilikehhoffner on Electro-Afetallic and ),N,,,,,Q1+ 4 4 e:.!_, sepes of Nlessrs. Elkington's Spec , me_!_ tr * l 4'4. -11, iP I nation of Bakewell's Patent Copying macsg ;kte4.oeets upw2bibition of the Oxy-Hydrogen Nicroscope, — , peposit ns iims t 1 1 , i. e . - ... 4 fa e --- j . P. 07f P ap re i e d n e a ri i c ci k ri C is h s a o r vi er i r ii E sq., ti or th ' l ny Of e ar4 s of 1,000,00 t) times their natural size. _f.hse. l. ti oh. ii, s>oklae b - b y (las explained.—A Lecture on the ill and Living Ors till past N 4411 i - - 0 Eleven till • Shandcools Fl-price. with Vocal Ulus- Dast ~, i 0 .ea.till i r eves ews.— ' Diver ve - ry t rang from Seven Alt 41. T. 1 41011 E1c , L, St .7 " 4 IteliN u , -- S CASINO. 11 11 44 11y . '" a ttes's ' P LUS, Great Windmill-stree t o 8 p reu -s op zx D er ,1.4 0 ,,, -know,. every Evening for the Winter Season. 44 4141 til t 7,e o art. and celebrated Band, principal Cornet-A.- 1)41 open 41ns cc ess th e -od e, llnd °CI: Qs/1 , N% been re-decorated, and m an y at %dill:the sole direction of Mr. G F. Bryer. Acitui ssio t u tight. to commence at Nine o'clock. --- ONZ SHILLING. Trit:itoortis..„,„: e :: 10,, ~ ,n 7 M. ll l ' g A .t r . .r:(i.„ejli,-- 'ER-MACHE TEA TRAYS 1 44 4,1 tal n a ."isll3 - ,,, i1 e Most unique and elegant ever manuftahc; 11 4 to ~,e it i . , , , ? , b e etiit.e., various, as well as the prices,and 1t.,;; ird 4t igach e ~,,,,,7, recherchE artiEles which art can pro . u ... ~ ..„1 4tk il e 1 ,,.. 4 a n i d :' ll and ti L tab leg, work-boxes, tea-caddies, writing easily as kose whose wealth entitles _eire .so rt s ,.„ -- ek ef dreg ••••reens, card-boxee Fre., are really superb. 'no, ' .c.c. ~"I , eat of ..,111g-cases not to be surpassed ; also an im .• Uln a : r - desks, table cutlery, plate d Sheffl a elc f l o -1,... "gletion.....litanbuafgaaetteelrlye, t 4 a b i l e n s_ i aLe , r,,,eii .street 'London. 1 2 1 - 4110 1111/ , -'"'''''..". Nita ki al/ ' 4, al Wa ys but DU ex tuet 414 •es h sv , OD i nvariably cures them ; kt, , I „ . kY's o ,_ays aggravates diseases, _ Hr . Cur t 24 4 ( 14 it lit ren effected by DU BARRY'S Delicious or -"°' 71, "„ a ,.al's fii;!,, ° ° 73 , without medicine, inconvenience , 1 , c.. Dy st , ~, times its cost in other remedies). indeed, rY .. ktat, "41 , t ~ '''"Psal; from the Right 11 on, the Lend Stuart 110 '.. 14 P- ed _. - be Decies, - 'Orise;',„ed, tux ernalderable benefit from Du Barry' the Allbu o :', J t rider it due to yourselves and the public 41, . °l a of these lines. aatllL li tY e„_ STUART DE DECIES. " s Revalttea t10,„ , a, eo ,''.l l ihd„,,„ Cure 45,832. le„',.aell,„,_ugh, eo---,rthable agony from dyspepsia, ''',. feod.‘ad potoltaltripation, flatulency, spasms, sickness at 00 10 . MAb n ttnga' have been removed by Du Barry's ex i --4'''''' 'JOLLY WORTHA.M, itlAielity , Ling, near Diss, Norfolk." nervousne t ss e , 'H e , y,11. 1 ..ve y ears , Cure No. 150. and g...7e to ti i,: 3l 3sti oa „ ne rvousness, constipation, indigestion, e 14 ; re tnove .. Mtd suffered great misery, and which no _ a 41 "te. Z i o r b , r _e_ ll ,e_ve, have been effectually cured by D ~ „ ~,_, ,a rood in very short time. Nattight 1r o eltrie tr._ .. ~... Cure No. 4,208. ', • R• REEVES, Pool Anthony, Tiverton." 11,311e),:1°,11aueoYPensia, nervousness, debility, eth ukv a. for w • advice an t , - rest_ a be e , Inch my servant had consulted the t _ ou _ with cramps, -1,. 44 -- yrining food ef'Leletually removed by Du Barry'S del ci s ~•~ 4 ( lntriee, a very short time. I shall 11, .... DINT -v ir lett Th ree W. ELAVELL, Ridlington Rectory, Norfolk." be happy to 44‘N, 4. ,,,,, ' eX • Cure No. 1,609. eck and i i ,,,,, 6. g en _ eessive nervousness with pains in my n . r. ' 4l . ''' beeli r"al ebility, which re tiered my life very misery too . , 4 4cueally removed by Du Barry's gealth•restoring Lall 1 , 4 , „t kt ,,,,X STUAD •'ant- llin,„ t-- ••rnort --...r, Archdeacon of Ross, Skibbereen." . . ~, I ° L I M'. "I Kin al „ s Drs• 50,000 cures (including those of Major be m cly 4 -. ntiou .' ' ura • trre, Shorland, and Harvey), may (I_, n „, ...re ern __ :cet i y eYere Tents ; --Fortnum, Mason, and Co., 182, Picea .4l4'4 catdl,_ ell 'stree ‘ t c . li n e!, Majesty the Queen ; also to be had at 60, luai lls .7 1 1, wi t ,: V. and 451, Strand. I:. 121 15 * . , , 21i),, •),...` .adl instructions, 11b., 2s. 9d. ; 21b., 45. 6d. ; -4 404 . itrriag`•., gl lper-refined, 51b 225., 101 b., 335. The IMb. . free. Da Barry ' and " Co., 127, Now Bond-street, 441 "a11t e.„4, 1:11, ..,DI --- "'On—Beware of Spurious Imitations. . . CAI, SPICE With ~ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF 4. „„ Plat o ..,.,-•-,,,T AND MATURITY. an b,-,lpri. ..irections for their Prevention and Cure. ItaitZt l ialled , iC°LOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL. le r li , ,t o it iat French, English German, Dutch, Spanish, and ur tY-N7 al ed Envelo 2 ' 64 or post-free from the Author 'VV t 0 Stare P e ' a ' " L p D' , 14 - K- B.ESERVATION; a /i ttl..„, ek e , „, I lairiVnil-rrh,7` xreatise on the Physiology of Marriage, and on the Laleets;,at earleo and Disorders of Youth and 3latnrity, usually ac -1411e.."' Po, Y Period of lifp. stro the physical and thi - .. th e -111 , direhd eh -- ----' which natural feelings, and ex kb. eft tai vitai 000 r...... and enfeeble the tt 1- .4 . , , L ocal li p roveo r 01 Manhood ; wit natural feelings, and ex -0 Manitoed; with Practical Observations on Syphilis, Stricture, and all I,.. R olte e . and c„__, , !!l and successful Treatinent of Nervous Debi ' 411' zin d de' n uinnut ional Weakness, . tlatie & e nnuld, RI genienth resulting from Indiscretion, as adopted 0311, 1 „ With ,cord. and other eminent member a of the faculty of knatomy, air ID', ' IftY coloured Engravings, illustrating 4r. I trix t a nd DI xplaining - pl., c nr es seases of the Reproductive Organs, e -41 ced ' i rl h a es, and functions, and the various injuries that rt, ill --barn by solitary habits, excesses, and infection. the . beet, $ B t.,,y SAMUEL LA'MERT. 11.13.. 1 21.4:1, er Medi e , r 0 R D-S QDA R E. LONDON. 144.7. Ro o ~,,,"`c, Matriculated Member of the University of Edin- Thccal g o - 4-.Pothecari 'London, Member of the Hunteria 4 ed - i tla ta O a i; r3r Member of the London Hospital Medical Society r; i e w el ety of _ . es Hall, is.. ebly th ork c o , , a 4 niburgh, &c., Scc. 'alcl. - d Pli i a 'ng a plain and complete description of . theatnivae la ~. tl eos L.'S ologY of the reproductive organs, and of their taken the niti t i lt roodlonalth and disease. Dr. La'lllert, who has testimo. *he blert e d ',sl:l,?nours, as evidenced by the diplomas i t m dies to the reer- ex e l,::.: t oe Work, is the only legally qualified and man tage s., ,,cat err,'vely, and for many years, devoted h a s u , . t hre kl all th - , eae c oMplaints He may be consulted w ith advan qt„ifh a„.„,--72e whose co i't tions may have become debilitated wt ---r yotre-...et practices acq ns J. " a d in youth, er by lot tn ate f ' nereby t hepleasures of life are marred, the objects o . the excesses o f ,1111,4,„.ntstrated, and P existence itself rendered a term of unceaa I, 4 ;nbil e ii' o lTd re gret. 11,"-ro w ` t , _.Y the Author, and may be had of S. Gilbert, 49, Pater °rJ ka r , $ la a........ _ ny Let ,i, n osy, 63, Oxford-street • 23, Cornhill ; Wii l .l by ,0,,..0rd0n, 146, Leadenhall-street; Mann, ' ( 14.1 17 43' Tx," f°, ' ferty-t the author's residen ce , eensulted wo stamps, from Starie, Titchbonie-street, .ii or Dy leWr , • mom% b,„ on these disorders person7', "" "u llTet au tom fit: till Viillt. 4638 6 8 100 0-0 .. .. SO 0 -0 N°. 18,444] ......,---..,__. _ pOS T OFFICE FOR O 18 LNS2.DON DIRECTORY Chief Divisions of the Work . Official Directory ; Street Directory; Commercial. Directory ; Trades' Directory ; Law Directory ; Court Directory; Parliamentary Directory; Postal Directory; City Directory,; Conveyance and Banking Directories, &c., Ez.c. Reviews of this edition , fo r 1852, ar e contained in the Times of t he 21st October, 185 1 : Daily News, 14th ➢ Octobcr ; Morning Chronicle , 15th ; Morning herald, and Sun, 170 ; Examiner, Globe, Britan nia, Atlas, Spectator, Literary Gazette, Shipping and Mercantile Gazette, and Herapath's Railway Journal, 1.411; Weekly Dispatch, g 19th ; Standard, 21 st ; Morning Post, and %?ornin Advertiser, 22d; Illustrated Loudon News, John Bull, Bell's October Weekly messenger, and Mining Journal , 25th ; and Era, 2Eth , 1 -- -- -..„ -HE " "'EST WEST of IRELAND LAND INVEST MENT and BEET SUGAR, FLAX, and CHICORY MA NUFACTURING COMPANY. Capital, Hall-a-Millim, in 10/. , hares. To be Incorporated by oyal Charter, for which application has been h the liabil.ty of Sh a reholders will be limited made, and by v hic to the amount or their shares. Objects :—To Purchase Landed Estates in the West of Ireland, and develop their agricultural and industrial resources. To esta blish in connexion therewith manufactories of Beet Sugar, Flax, Chicory, Sze. INT f ur th e r particulars, apply to the S e cretary, Captain Hoo ke, at the offices of the Company, 75, Cornbill, L on on; Mr. or t E o the Hare Soli citors, Messrs. Capes and Stuart, Gray's Inn ; and van , Temple. The prospectus has been withheld until a ppears th the puisbday, licationcon- of a pamphlet by Sir. Dighy Seymi.,ur, which taining an exposition of the views on which the Company rest their claims to public support. ---------- Secon d Edition, greatly en lar g ed, p rice This day is published , the Half-a-Cr own. H W toEMPLOY CAPITAL in WESTERN IRELA Answers to a few Practical Questions upon the Manufacture rf Beet Sugar, Flax, and Chicory, in con nexion with a Land Investment in the West of Ireland. By WILLIAM DIGIIY SEYMOUR, Esq., of the Middle Temple, Barrister-at -Law. London : John Hearne, 81, Strand ; James Ridgway, 169, Picca dilly ; and Effingham Wilson, 11, Royal Exclutage. Dublin: Hodges and Smith, urafton-street. AUSTRIA AND By an ANGLO-ITALIAIC, Late a Captain in the Veneti Army, Is this day publisW (I, price b an s hilling. N. S. Johnson, 60, St. Martin's-lane, and all Booksellers. ... _ 0 S S U T H. li.. TO PRINTSELLERS AND fev THE PUBLIC days . Will be published in a , A LITHOGRAPHIC POUTRAIT of the Great Hungarian Patriot. This portrait was taken from life (by an eminent artist). Kossutn r i va te residence of the Ma y or of having sat for the same at the p Southampton, at Winciester. Will be published by P. Garbanati, flarver and hirer, I'late-glass Factor, a d Picture•frame Maker, 385, Oxfurd-stet, (four doors cast of Wardour-street), opposite Berners-street THE NEW REFORM BILL. The public expectation with regard to the proposed to move, new Re form Bill is on tiptoe. The Manchester people h a ve begun and all the Reform Associations are upon the alert. It is agreed on all hands that any reform that will reduce the burdens of the public one-halt would be acceptable, and the active concoctors of pub 11 are earnes.ly pressed to follow the example of those veteran reform ers, who ar known to advocate good measures. There have been men, confined, perhaps, to one department, who have succeeded in effecting a reduction to the extent of one-half in an articler of uni versal use. Messrs. E. MO.;ES and SON are the ea mers of the day: they have already saved the public a million of money , in the article of dress alone, and they have, by lacreasin,g their hands and premises to meet the demand, renthred the benefit permanent. When their reform vv as first effected, a man who went to buy a coat found he could buy a whole suit, and this reduction was effected by the employment of a large capital, by which material could be bought at the best markets —by emplo,ing the best artists, and by con stantly employing on their premises, and under their own superin tendence, hundreds of the ilnest workmen in the trade. Their Win ter Stock is now rich in every department, and Overcoats of a ma terial, manufactured expressly for Mes.rs E. MO-ES and SON, are worthy the attention of everybody. Their rich silk waistcoats, of the most recherche patterns, from Lyons, are unequalled in richness. In short, their Winter Stock was never before equalled for extent, and while the gentlemen of fashion cn be suited better than at any other house in London, there lasso equally extznsive variety of rsons. c lothing for every class of p e E. MOSES and SON, London C 8 6, 154, 155, 156, and 157, MinOrieS, 88, 44, 0, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. London 'West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New O x ford-street, 1 , 2, +nd 3, Hart-street, all c ommunicating. Bra d t ord "Yorkshire Branch, 19, Bridga-street. iheeld Branch, 36, Fargate. Tailors, Clothiers , Batters, Hosiers, Farriers,Boet and Shoe nakera, and General Outfitters for Ladies and Genet. The Establishments aro closed from sunset Mad Ba. day. when business is rasvmed till Twelve o'clock. DR. CIJLVERWELL'S NEW WORKS. To be had of Sher xood, 23, paternoster-row; Carvalho, 147, Fleet-street; Mann, 39, 04rnhill ;or direct from the author ; price One Shilling each; by post, Is. 6d. ENJOYMENT OF LIFE. • " Health, Recreation, and Rational Use of Time." CONTENTS :-Early Rising-Spring and Summer 'Mornings - Ex cursions about the Environs of London -The Varks, Lanes, Hills, Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places -Country Trips and Ramt,les -The Sea-London at 'Night -Evenings at Home -Music - The Drama -On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, ir, Rest, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c. FRAGMENTS FROM THE MOUNTAINS. Vol. I. A VISIT TO THE LAKES ; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, &c, Vol. 11. THE LAKES or Iffifirif-r RVIDZISCEN 4F- • DUBLIN, &c. WHAT TO EAT, D,IINIC, AND AVOID, " That three score years and ten our course may run." A popular review of shnost every form (cause and curs) of ner von young,i health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses the yo besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and em bitters old age • with tables and rules for the diet and physical regu lation of every-day life. Two Vols. IV. TUE PASSIONS. "What passions hurt the body— w hat improve, Truths as relined as Athens ever heard." SUBJECT : - LiV3 pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The ad vent ci , the passions. Chastity and its infringements. 'the casual ties of licentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations graphic, nar rative, and remediative. Advocacy of early marriages. V. THE MARRIAGE STATE. " To be or not to be, that is the question." Pitootartma :—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and reli gion regarding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and choice, on both sides, as to age, tempo ament, complexion, and figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them. Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion. Cases, &c. By R. J. CULVERWELL, M.D. (1841), .M.R.C.S. (1827), L.S.A. (1824). Twenty-five years Medical and Forensic Referee in these matters. Reception hours dai y till Five. Evenings Seven till Nine. 10, Argyll- lace Re eqt-street. THE SILENT FRIEND. IN SIX LANGUAGES- FORTIETH EDITION. CO';TAINLNG THE REMEDY FOR PREVE rav NTIOI4 OF DISEA.SE. laos t r ated by Ono flundred Anatom ica l Coloured EagLugl. Dls PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCA PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARIAG. 7.1 - ow Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, price 95. b y O . from the Establishment, ss. 6d. in stamps. 11.1 HE SILENT FRIEND , a Medical Work on A_ the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by elvosive indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of mercury, with directions for the use of the preventive lotion, fr)l.. loweA by observations en Marriap, ana the disqualifications wbich prevent it. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings. By it. and L. PERRY and CO., Consulting Surgeons, 19, lierners-street, Oxford street, London. Said by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; flanray, 63, and Sanger. 15n. Oicford-ltroo. : Gordon,l46,Leadonhall-street; Barclay, 95, Farringdon -street ; W. Sutton, 10, Bow Church -yard; W. Edwards. 67, St, Paul's Church -yard; Butler, 4, Cheapsido ;R. Johnson, 68, Cornhill ; and Simpkin, Stationers' Ilall-court. PART C. treats of the anatomy and physiology In the re-productive Organs, and is Muse-rated by 28 Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive in dulgence, and their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative inaspacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory Engravings. PA= 111. treats of the diseases resulting from either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicitdirections for their treatment. This section is Illustrated by 69 Coloured Dap av • - - ugil . PAST TY, contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a simple application, by which the danger of infection is obviated. PART V. is devot unproductivehe consideration of marriage, and its du t. es. The causes of union are also considered, and the inquired into. w h o le subject critically and philosophically TUE COSDIAL BALM OF STILIALOIIM is exclusively employed in treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &A., 115. and 32a. par bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an antlypbilitic remedy , for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary Specific Pills, is. 9d-, 48. 6d., and 118. symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, 1 ls. and 338. per i m ug edy for gonorrhoea, gleet, stricture, and bp:etrtleno. x,Pearrycectas Pinurifrye chronic inflammation of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter, agee,had habit at s, the and 5.. Packets , Packets, with ad vice, t F ate. t i t / 0 . a A in mioniniagye. d e tail of the cale is required o b: bitement only, $l , which the fee. 11., is saved. Messr.. PerrY, Surgeons, are in attendance, daily, at 19, Berners-street, Oxford street, London, from Eleven till Two. and Five to Eight; on Sun day: from Eleven to One. man has mnnlecdonaWmiatitned -:1-------- a E n P a o t rAc Wright, a warehouse man B Bradford , A remarkable circumstances. The officer, in SHOOTING AT THE for trial at the next York Assizes, for shooting at a police officer, under rerrmr night, when near the prisoner's going his rounds on Tuesdayiaonaasincrgeam out " Murder," and saw the a gun. Shortly afterwards the man n door, and said, " Stand out of the way, prisoner came to the brains out, and immediately fired a gun at hshoaudseo,whoefarda a woman or I'll blow your risoner fired the gun he was entered his bat. Whe r the officer; after discharging the him. The officer crouchnetdhdeon, and only part of the shot ten or twelve yards irom . The policeman immediately gun he went into the house . went up into his bedroom, and fired aid. The prisoner then swearing that he would blow their again at the policemen , his garden. Ile again loaded called for assistance, and Sergeante Burniston went up to his came near brains out if they eat them; but they evaded his gun, and fired a third The prisoner then came out of the house, and quarrelling with a ' man who stood by, who told bin the shot by crouching undteirmeotinheriewetillacal ld have a round with he wou that if he would fire his gun off w all, inot done right, and re d the gun in to the air, the house, a nd it was not and made his escape aga in into that the p o pen the door. him. The prisoner immediately fired apprehend him, and then they ha wder-flask and some tween a mattress and a bed, and th e •• I) ° When they got into the house they foun d the gun hid be, shot on the table. fisted Vienna, Oct. ARSENIC EATERS.--A letter 15, contains the following singular statement - A ' Wm of some inter ing case at Cilli has procured the publica Lower Austria e at facts respecting the arsenic .eaters of poison consume every and Styria. In both these provinces it appears to be a common custom among the peasantry to .1.1 ~,e same morning a small portion of the deadly poison, I I :" n Tschudi, manner as the eastern world consumes opium. .. ra j theLwell-known traveller, publishes an account of several habit does cases which base come to his knowledge. Die opium not seem to so pernicious in its results as that of sa eating. It is commenced by taking a very small dose c ,. is somewhat less than half a grain, every morning, win a r gradually increased to two or three grains. The case oi.ac hale old farmer is mentioned, whose morning whet of arsenic ais very curious ntity of four grainS- The effect reached the incredible quantity of four grains. The eff it produces is very curious. The arsenic eaters gro loner and_ ruddy, so much so that the practice is adopted by of both sexes in order to please their sweethearts• it relieved the lungs and head very much also when mounting steep hills and entering auto 4 Wore quitted atmosphere." MEM . ).- , f , _ 4 -- --.( --' (----7 T ---' -e --z7 ,-(9. - ,-e-V • __-. 7 - -,,,,% <._ , ..-,. ..,.,,, A , , , , • „..... - • „. -- - affordotht Low *4 -*4 -N4 (=- , i n (:„ ... , :t.-01 , 14,4 , -, t , ~.._ As k , / 7 genera yin this ef - is '7 ~ ( ). , ~?. w , 14 io. ~, 4, -, \. k t %, ~.,,,i,il .0 ,* -, _-- , . ~. , ...-.-. z, ix -- _, •.,,,,,,,,, ,t 4 ...... • ' (c,,IP - k-- , ~.,_0 i." ' " , ' \ s s - Ii I 1! 41 _Y• V4t , 440‘ +7 .A 4 ...._ ei ," , , ,:,.. ~, -,,,,, , ~ -, •• a • K:ry -' 1.4.•• • .., .....".,..7 , , _ ~,,,, , ,.*, '4' ' *et . . :A + '4 l j 4.13- 44 ''°' ''''' s ' ' ' - (1. ': ''. '-' ' ' -.Z. ,-. :: ~, i , ,: , • .- 15 89 .- •• ..' Da „,,, W..* „ ~,,, W:20.91 , - -----' ) •.' 1 ,g• as. 71, / / - - ':• ) , • ) ..4 4 a*. Z-- -- e 3.& -..- N. ... ~.. ) / -..-- [PRICE SD. - 2e'd lit:losses, as compared vei h towns, -ountry.--(Hear, bear.) The want cf places of publie amusement and recreation had long - been a reproach to the great towns in this empire. 'e trusted, howevor, that many b ene fi c i a l resu lt s 'ould arise from the Great Exhibition of this year, and from the increased intercourse which had taken place between the inhabit ants of this country and the various nations who had assisted at this mighty festival. —(Cheers.) He believed that one great result would be the opening of our eyes to the importance of carry n suchot o w asn carry ing out, to a great e xtent, p ublic im p rov ements similar to those which were the honour an d glory of foreign towns.—(Hear, hea p r r . in England which e)seeTtEhderleocwalas certainly advantages Nottingham—(Cheers)—end he trusted that what was once said of a Roman Emperor, that be found Rome stone and left it marble, would be applied in a better sense to the corporation which, in the present generation, presided over the local interests of Net tingtam.—(Vehement applause.) The Duke of NEWCASTLE, in proposing the health of the Mayor, said no one connected with Nottingham was more anxious than Mr. Felkin to see it advance to that position which he (the Noble Duke) firmly believed it would soon attain, as one of the most im portant towns in the kingdom.—(Cheers.) Certainly no one connected with Nottingham could otherwise than fully appreciate the zeal, ability, and general excellence of the Mayor, whose, reputation, both in his public and private capacity, had reached far be yond the walis of this town, and whose merits he bad heard discussed in the warmest terms in parts of the country where he (the Mayor) probably little thought his name had reached.—(Cheers.) The MAYOR, in responding, entered into a state. ment showing the improvements around the town, Kingdom, emb o d y i ng t h e ant i c i pa tions he felt as to the fu ture prosp er it y o f N ott i ng h am , observing that he s aw i d; rtoasts an Other no reason w h y i t s h ould b e secon d to any city in the Unt t e h d speeches followed. RAIL WAY INTELLIGENCE. NCT I O andN. BIRKENHEAD, LANCASHIR E, A ND CHESHIRE The adjourned hal j f-y e ar l y this company was h e ld on Saturday,special meeting of at Birkenhead. Alderman Bancroft, the • sided. chairman of the board, pres The CHAIRMAN said the matter f ormally adjourned for consideration was the supp le mentary entered into with the Londo n a ndN agreement North- Western Company. The memoran d um of an a greement he should lay before th e m ee ti ng that th e d irectors entered into, subject t o th e confirmation of had prietors;to lease the line to the Gr ea t Western Com pany the pro• and to the Shrewsbury Associated C omp an.es en - (Cheers.) This was a step of great importance and it certainly required some hesitation on the part of this company before they embarked in any new ex penditure whatever. He then adverted to the neces sity of applying to Parliament in the ensuing session for powers to complete certain arrangements. Prior to :the negotiations with the Great Western and associated companies a negotiation took place between the directors and some members of the Holyhead board. The terms were that the Holyhead Com pany should pay a gross sum of 3,0001. for one year—that was, from the Ist November inst. to the let November, 1852 —for the use of the lines of this company—that was, the line from Chester to Birkenhead and the line from Chester to Lower Walton—undertaking themselves to perform all the duties, so that it should be a net sum of money pay able to the Birkenhead Company. The memoran dum of the agreement entered into between the board of this company and the Great Western and asso ciated companies was in substance, that from June next that company should receive 3 per cent. upon 2,000,0001., an invariable amount, 3i per cent. the next year, and 4 per cent. afterwards in perpetuity ; with the option, if that company should think proper to exercise it, of merging into or amalgamating with the associated companies at par. Assuming that when the companies came to amalgamate, one company got 4 per cent. and the other .5 : assuming that the Great Western Company got 5 and the two Shrewsbury companies 4 per cent., they would have to adjust their capitals in proportion to those dividends. The result would be that the 1001. of Great Western capital would remain intact, but the 1001. of the Shrewsbury capital would have to be reduced to 801., 10 per cent. less; they would then receive a uniform dividend for ever. It was simply an adjustment of capitals, and when the capitals were so adjusted the Birkenhead Company would merge into them a capital of 2,000,000/. at par. That was the basis of the ar rangement agreed upon.—(Cheers. ) Mr. TITHERINGTON suggested that it would be best to take first the chief business of the day—the lease to the allied companies. Mr. W. JACKSON, M.P., agreed with this sug gestion. A motion, authorising the company to borrow 90,000/., which had been seconded by Mr. Brown, was then put and carried ; as was also another formal resolution ordering the 70,0001. so raised to be bor rowed from Mr. Brassey. It was decided to take the memorandum of agree ment with the Great Western and associated com panies as read. The CHAIRMAN then moved that it be_approved of and confirmed. Mr. GIRD seconded the motion. Mr. JACKSON, M.P., rose to enter his protest against this amalgamation, and he did so upon the ground that to be allied to any great company would most materially injure the position and ultimate good to be derived by the proprietors of this company ; and that the amount of per tentage to be given either by the Great Western or the North-Western companies would not amount to what they would receive front the line if maintained in an independent state. Mr. ROY" begged to state in the most explicit and emphatic language, that if this amalgamation were carried out, it should remain open to all.—(Cheers.) They (the associated companies) had themselves suffered from opposite views, and knew to wall its injurious effect, he meant by the prevention of traffic coming over the line, ever to practise that sys tem upon another. And he was entitled to state, as he knew it to be the unanimous sentiment of the members of the three boards of the associated com panies, that they would give to the Holyhead Com pany and the London and North-Western Company, when they chose to come to Birkenhead, the most absolute facility, the most perfect absence of anything like obstruction or prevention of trade coming there, that the strictest orders of the most zealous exertions could secure to them.—(Cheers.) Mr. BUCKLEY supported Mr. Jackson's view, and llough it would be better to remain an independent ,ne. Mr. WINCH said, when he saw at the present time that they were not dividing 1 4 per cent., and that anything beyond that was purely prospective, and when he found at the same time that a guarantee was offered to the company of 3, 31, and 4 per cent., he must say, as a man of business, that a bird in h and was worth two in a bush. Mr. TITHERINGTON said, the North-Western Com pany had sent along this company's line 3,000 tons of traffic within the last 12 months, the Holyhead Company had sent 35,000 tons, and the Shrewsbury Company 100,000 tons of traffic. Was it reasonable that they should be afraid the London and North- Western Company would make a second line to Bir kenhead ?—(Laughter.) Was it to be thought for a moment that they, despising the Birkenhead. line, would think it necessary to spend a quarter or tone a million of money in making provision for 3,000 on of traffic.—(Hear.) After some observations from Mr. Liddell , Mr, Birch, and Mr. Webster, The CHAIRMAN put the resolution, 'which was carried amid loud applause, with only six dis" aentienta. The CHAIRMAN then moved,— " That the board ho empowered to proceed for an Ad in the ensuing session to carry out the agreement." Mr. BucK seconded the motion, which was carried nenz. con. The CHAIRMAN moved,— " That the directors be authorised to enter into the agreement with the Holyhead Company." Mr. GANDY seconded the motion. Mr. KNox moved, as an amendment, the negative.: Mr. TREVOR seconded the amendment. After a short debate the amendment was put and carried, about eight or nine hands only being held up against it. KNOX moved— " That the supplementary agreement with the Lond on and North-Western Company be adjourned sine die." Agreed to. The meeting then separated. SOMERSETSHIRE CENTRAL. Application is intended to be made in the ensu i ng s ession of Parliament for authority to construct a rail way from the Bristol and Exeter Railway, at nigh bridge, to Glastonbury and probably to Wells. The Bristol and Exeter Company have agreed to sell the Glastonbury and liighbridge canal to the above com pany, and to take shares in the undertaking in lieu of the purchase-money. They have also agreed to work the line when made, and to hand over all the profits to the above company, together with 10 per cent. of the receipts for traffic which may be brought to or from the proposed Somersetshire Central over the Bristol and Exeter Railway ; such per tentage upon goo:1s to extend from Bristol to Bridgewater, and upon passengers to Taunton. The line is to pass for a considerable distance upon lands belonging. 1 0 . the Glastonbury canal, and which are said . to P.e fenny level. The length of the proposedd line mile., the estimated cost 70,000/•,1. 513r anthneuirsng.rios2t traffic receipts are estimated at 9,0001• Per Two sergeants of an infantry regiment in garrison at Rouen fought a duel with pistols . One received a ball in the breast, and died on the epot. lie oral only 23 yeas of Age. a . 4. S LONDON, MONDAY 1 * • e ;L , • NOVEMBER 3, 1851. , 2 SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. CHRONICLE.—On Saturday last we offered some comments on those sections of Lord Brougham's Act to Amend the Law of Evidence, which govern the admissibility as witnesses of parties to suits, and we pointed out some curious and interesting results of the new law, which had probably escaped notice in some quarters. Had our limits permitted, we might have dwelt at far greater length on the benefits which will stccrue to the public from the passing of t his Act, and we might have shown that, greatly as the cause of truth and justice will be advanced by bo*.h iq the Common Law Courts, the Courts of Equity, and the Ecclesiastical Courts, the suitors of the High Court of Admiralty will be, at least as much as any other litigants, indebted to Lord Brougham for the ability, energy, and zeal which he dis played in promoting and carrying the measure. In deed, it would be difficult to discover any class of causes, in which the examination of the parties would be likely to produce more advantageous effects, than those suits which are, instituted in the Court of Admiralty for determining questions of salvage, subtraction of wages, derelict, bottomry, and collision. In such causes it almost invariably happens that the parties themselves are better ac quainted with the real facts in dispute than any ocher persons can possiby be ; and we rejoice to think that a law, which enables them to make their own statements on oath, should, at the outset, be administered by a judge of such known liberality of sentiment and practical acuteness as Dr. Lushing ton. It would also be a most interesting subject of inquiry, to consider the probable effect of the Act in checking election bribery ' • and it would be no diffi cult task to show, that a law which authorizes both the petitioner and the sitting Member to examine each other before an Election Committee, cannot fail to excite, in all candidates for a seat in Parliament, a wholesome dread of being mixed up with those cor rupt and detestable practices, which are now in the course of illustration before the Commissioners at St. Alban's. For the present, however, we turn aside from this seductive view of the operation of the Act, as we are anxious to draw attention to one particular clause, which, during the next four days, may exer cise a material influence over causes tried at the last Summer Assizes. We allude to the 20th section, which enacts that the statute shall come into opera tion on the first day of the present month, and which was substituted by the House of Commons for a clause which provided that the Act should not apply to any proceedings commenced before the date of its passing. The effect of this alte ration is somewhat remarkable. In the first place, as the Act contains no words with limit its opera tion to suits begun after the 31st of October, it of course extends indiscriminately to all legal pro ceedings which are at this moment pending ; and the consequence is that, before the close of the present week, ample opportunity will have been afforded by the Nisi Prius sittings at Westminster of practically testing its merits. In the next place, it will exert no trifling influence over the motions for new trials, which, during the first four days of Term, will be made in our Common Law Courts; for it will obvi ously be incumbent ou dissatisfied suitors, before they apply to the judges for relief, to consider calmly what would be the effect of a second investigation before a jury, at which the testimony of their oppo nents, as well as their own evidence, might be heard. In some cases, no doubt, common prudence will sug gest the propriety of quietly acquiescing in a verdict, which, however erroneously pronounced in regard to the imperfect evidence on which it was founded, would inevitably prove to have been correct in sub• stance, when the parties themselves were examined on the new trial. In other cases, it will become a matter of most vital importance for a party to gain the privilege of submitting his cause to a second jury, since facts which, under the old law, could not by possibility have been ascertained with precision, may now, by the statements of one or both of the litigants, be made as clear as the sun. And here we may refer to a point which the judges will probably be forthwith called upon to decide. At present, new trials are granted when either the judge has mis directed the jury in point of law, or when material evidence has been improperly admitted or rejected, or when the verdict has been palpably given against the evidence, or when some g ross irregularity has oc curred in the proceedings , or the losing party has been taken by surprise, or when some material evi dence has been discovered since the trial. Now, -where any - one of these grounds - firttbe interference of the court exists, the only effect of the new law of evidence, so far as respects the judges, will be, that they will naturally fee l inclined, in a doubtful case, to permit a new trial, when, in addition to the ground on which their intervention is prayed, the applicant is in a position to show that his own evidence, or the evidence of his opponent, is calculated to throw important light upon the matter in dispute. But the question is whether, under the peculiar circum stances connected with this law, the judges will not go one step further, and authorise a second investi gation of the facts—though none of the usual ob jections to the former trial be urged—provided the losing party be ready to pay the cost hitherto incurred, and can convince them that, by the aid of the new Act, he could disprove the case on which his opponent's success was founded. We have seen that the Courts will grant a new trial, where they are satisfied that material evidence bas been dis covered by the losing party since the cause was first heard; and although the case just put does not full within this rule, it certainly bears some analogy to it. In both cases it must be assumed that sulastantial in justice has been do ne. In the one, beabse, from ac cidental causes, the evidence which would have esta blished the real circumstances was not forthcoming ; in the other, because by a law which is now repealed as unjust, that evidence, though forthcoming, could not at the time of the former trial be used. We offer no opinion respecting the merits of this argument, but be n attention to it as one which can scarcely fail to be urged. Another startling effect will be ion of the 20th section, which, as we have before observed, was made by the House the alteration t Act to improve the Law produced o f Commons. om in 1843, and of Evidence, which passed n io b n y s. Lord Danman's grea record, and II o e th a er mm p ed ar ida t t ie e s b t o behalf rson f rsomo competenti t operationaavho teo testify, contains for clause which formed in fact the precedent which —vecr;eburOjugght or defended—rendere a a interested witnessespe the one originally int rod he shall m not Act, and which providesu c that t L easu re .t comme nced before re affect any legal p roceedings ed into ord Brougam's ceived the Royal assent. But Lord on the contrary applies, as we have seen , to all comm en ced • and, conse suits, no matter when Brougham's Act , , now t Acts quen , t d that in every legal proceeding which was u e which is still before the 22d of August, 1843, and tly, the combined result of the . wo . will be, under mediately interested, may give their evidence have only Lord Brougham's Act, but witnesses who .f pending, the parties themselves, and . the persons im ce Lord Denman 's Act. It is true that this varian t an ordinary interest in the cause cannot testify u . nder between the two measures will have no effec!_ a which were brought prior to 1843; but in the Court common law, since no actions are now undecided of Chancery, where proceedings unite the longevity vity of the parrot w ith the vitality of the polyp — dying of old age, and resisting all efforts to kill them which the anomalous state of the law, as just pointed —there are, we are grieved to say, very many out, may be practically displayed. suits in HERALD. —As our legal rea ders are aware, this is the first day of Michaelmas Term, when the legal business of the country re-commences after the long vacation, and probably no occasion could be more fitting to draw public attention to the condition of both branches of the profession, and more especially to the condition and prospects of the bar of England. If a judge, a Queen's counsel, a barrister, or an at torney, gathered to his fathers a quarter of a century, or even ten or twelve years ago, were to rise this morning from among the dead, the individual entity in question would scarcely credit his eyes or ears as to the state of things now actually existing in that profession which he had left so flourishing in 1826, in 1839, and in 1841 respectively. Nay, supposing that great ornament of the legal forum who has de- Hail de parted scarcely more than six years from amon g us —supposing the late i i S n i s r ta i n V t illi i a e m ud F ay ol m le e tt ru t i o u r g e , vi t s h i e t Westminster 3d of November, we doubt whether he would credit the amezing changes that have taken place since he was called away in the full vigour of his prime from a scene of which he was one of the brightest u g i e s s he d o f by th e n land, iuteg a r s ity, in a 1 1 8 e 4 a 5 r i a n n g d , o rnaments. The great advocate and lawyer would f l i B u 4 d 6, th d e ist judges a u g d and assiduity above all paise—he would find the prin cipal members of the bar distinguished by as much zeal, energy, ability, and ingenuity as in the days of his own most successful forensic contests—he would find the attorneys as astute, as eager, and as active as in his own busy day ; but he would also discover a most lamentable lack of causes—a greatly diminished and a still diminishing business. Without going precisely the length of Lord Denman, who maintained in his letter to Lord Brougham " that the present state of things threatens the annihilation of the ly.r as a class in society," it may, nevertheless, be safely averred that the state of business in the superior courts affords grounds of anxiety to a large body of influential'and educated gentlemen. 'Without assert ing with the late'revered Chief Justice, that for the most part the most eminent men in the profession sit idle in court, or that the juniors are losing all hopes of succeeding in the world as barristers, we think it will be allowed that the state of Westminster Hall and the circuits of her Majesty's judges all over the king dom strangely and disadvantageously contrast with—to use the language of Lord Denman—the redundant stream of business that flows into the county courts. We are not now contend ing that judges, high legal functionaries , a nd barristers are not in some degree to blame for this. Undoubtedly they are. For twenty-five years the lay public has been hungering and thirsting for a large law reform, and for a liberal instead of a Darrow construc tion of the rules' of pleading ; and yet, with few, but most creditable exceptions, the great mass of legal functionaries and practitioners have opposed them selves to all change, or have advocated may such small and insignificant reforms, that a feeling of alienation and distrust, if not indeed of disgust, has arisen against the profession, which it is found difficult to conquer or to overcome. We do not say that this feeling, which has somewhat suddenly sprung up, is perfectly just or fair on the part of the lay public. Unquestionably it is neither just nor fair to the extent which it has lately grown, but the only way now to combat it is by the establishment of a rational and intelligible procedure in the superior courts —by the abolition of ficticious verbiage and tautologous formalities—and by rendering Westminster Hall and the judges of her Majesty's superior courts subsidiary to the attainincna of a justice as prompt, as itemensive, and as untechnical as the nature of human affairs will admit. We are of the number of those who look up - on a body of men of the attainments, learning, and station of her Majesty's judges of the superior courts as a necessity of a civilised state—who regard an educated and incorruptible bar as one of the bulwarks of liberty, and an indispensable complement of jus tice and of order—who look upon the profession of attorney and solicitor as one of trust and intelligence, difficult, if not impossible, to be dispensed with in ,a commercial and civilized country, but we are con vinced that these three valuable orders of men—the judges, the bar, and the attorneys—can only hence forth be made most usefully to work in harmony for the public good by large reforms in the principles and rules of pleading, by large reforms in the practice of the courts of common law, by the sweeping away of all fictions—and by rendering her Majesty's superior courts more in harmony with the exigencies of the time in which we live. The institution and successful work ing of the countycourts have given an impetus to law re form, with which it is no longer safe to trifle or to dally, and the bar now perceive that their own interests are identified with the progress of rational change. Had we a Chancellor or a Ministry who comprehended the eager cravings of the public in reference to law re form, all interests might be conciliated, and the bar and the attorneys might 'be brought into harmony each in his proper and peculiar sphere. But, with Lord John Russell as Premier, and Lord Truro as Chancellor, it is vain to hope that this desirable con summation can be effected. We must, therefore, look to the good sense and good feeling of both branches of the profession to consider and adjust their con flicting claims in reference to the oounty courts. If the inns of court were what they ought to be, or what they profess to be—we might indulge the hope that a committee of benchers would come to some regulation with the Law Society in reference to the question mooted at the Freemasons' Tavern, in a meeting of attorneys held there on the 20th of last month, but under existing and actual circum stances we can only hope that a committee of barristers chosen from each circuit, with plenary powers, may confer with a committee of the Law So ciety. in Chancery-lane, touching the points of differ ence between the professions. Barrister and attorney have hitherto had but a common interest, and we are willing to hope that even in reference to the county courts, by explanation and arrangement the good un derstanding between the superior and the subordinate branch of the profession may be renewed. With re ference to the superior courts, we repeat our belief that nothing can be satisfactory to the public and the suitors, or conducive to the honour or the interest of the bar and the attorneys, but large reforms and an in telligible course of procedure. Unless the technical, vicious, and artificial system of pleading be speedily abolished—unless fees be greatly reduced—and justice be administeredaspot narrowly end sophis tically, but liberally and largely—there may be reason to apprehend that the fears of the Law Review and Law Magazine as to the annihilation of the class from whom alone judges can be supplied may not be so wholly visionary as some people imagine. DAILY NEWS.—The honour done by the Cor poration of the city of London to Kossuth, and the reflection on it of the very just and proper eulogium he paid to municipal institutions as the basis of civil liberty, must not prevent us from examining into the internal affairs of that Corporation when light is opened upon them by its members ; and after the reception of that illustrious man on Thursday, in a manner worthy of the old glories of the city of Lon don, considerable light was certainly thrown on the duties levied by the Corporation on coals. Those duties are to the inhabitants of London, and of a cir cuit of twenty miles round, numbering probably nearer four than three millions of people, an octroi duty ; and against them as such all the popular objec tions are valid which annually, our continental travellers on their return, urge against similar im posts in the great towns of Europe. These we are not, however, going to repeat; it is unnecessary to do so; they are well known and unanswerable. The continental octroi duties are, however, gene rally impartially levied, and impartially they are bad taxes, usually well spent. Paris, for example, has a very fair show, externally, to make for have impartiality of levy with, applied; the amount levied at its gates. But in London we posed, partiality of expenditure. These duties are levied on all the coal we Londoners consume by a corporation which has jurisdiction only over one fif teenth part of this metropolis ; and they are chiefly, it is said, laid out in improvements in that portion only as is gePerally sup which it represents and governs. And so far as this is the case, our London octroi on coals wants the im partiality in its outlay of the Paris octroi. No doubt, it may be replied, that all London bee interest direct and immediate in some, if not in most, of the great works for which a duty was imposed on the coals it co nsumes ; and so it has. We are all concerned in the bridges ; we are all interested h av ing good s treets to get at and across them. And so deep and great is our interest in these improvetnen olists, that we cann ot see why a fifteenth of the met p ro have the direction and superint endence of what conce rns the whole metropolis. We should say that, if our coals are to be taxed for local purposes, let the whole of London have some share in and power over the expenditure of tax paid by all. And we further say that if coal be not a proper subject for such taxation, the very best svay of getting rid of the impost is to give those who object to its prolongation some power over it. These duties on are all mortgaged coals, it may b e further answered, and appropriated until 186% But that reply has really nothing to do with the question of their conti nuance even until then, if a better substitute could be found to meet the repayment of what had been borrowed on their security, and of the further works they may hav e been designedto defray the cost of. And we are p ersuaded that there is no real difficulty t of the coal duties in a i n providing for the amount much less injurious a n but, that ressive the great costly obstacle to d opp and way, as London ha ' a this im osvtinge . e co o rporation possessing v d influence a peo :eutetiantigenrsi,d these n f th e n dutiesb before f r o e n . and e Y o g n of who p m has i as any i a p doing l question e , s e e o ry c o o s f n m s fi l a s n l consists j n po c o i e r n it ; popular until 1862 though no wrong over it. Were the corporation of London under duties returns . appear from his would be attempted ted in Friday's Daily Aeles) to show coal would speech (reported the corp orationof London that from their origin uilndfluzein not t e nue has from that source of r h e . ve . lased no less a Mr. Dakin's coal sum than 3,738 laston suinch ,0661 , T is the disbursement only. In what num ber of years that enormous sum was spent, and Wha t in that se ries of y ears the duties a ctually produced, were not stated by Mr. Dakin, a particulars are indispensable to of course these on of what he wanted to a proper comprehenst. sum _ to ex plain ; and that gigantic of 3, 38,0661 Mr. Dakin divided thus— w'ithin ,345 Improvements i C't thout the Cit y £1,117 the y 807,500 Improvements w mixed character 1 ,81 3 ,221 Improvemen ts of a m Wishing, of c ourse, to show that the corporation app lied the tax to general metropolitan purposes. But when Mr. D akin descended from gross amounts much to detail, he very m e damaged this general view of . City impartiality; fur amongst his mixed improve- BI kf ac nars-bridge for ments, be placed, for instance . , 230,0001. ; that bridge. being in the City, over a river of which the corporation possesses the conservancy, being a bridge it is liable by law to maintain; and in every sense popular and legal a city bridge. So that here again a very, nice scrutiny of the details of Mr. Dakin's figures is necessary before we can say what his larger amounts are really worth. This is what Mr. Dakin does not seem fully to comprehend. The most peVect purity and the strictest impartiality in the outlay of the coal duties will neither reconcile us to them nor to the continuance of the corporation of the City in its present restricted form. The tax is a bad tax; and being bad ought, regardless of its ap plication, to be rendered unnecessary ; and the cor poration of the City, though of course even in its pre sent form much preferable to none at all, is so far be hind the wants of the metropolis, that it ought to be greatly improved ; not by any means, however, got rid of. That was a folly we cannot fall in with. The Corporation of London H, nevertheless, it must be admitted, unfortunately situated on this question of municipal institutions for London generally. It is neither its duty nor its mission to offer to extend itself and take in other parts of the metropolis; its obligations are limited to its own circumscribed ter ritory, and that territory is becoming less and less a place of residence. Within those limits it has already greatly improved, and is still further improving its organization; but the community therein is not so willing to take advantage of as it is to make such im provements ; and it is from its wealth an object of envy and of suspicion. Its wealth, too, is in the way of its union in a better system for all the metropolis. Then, again, the inhabitants of the other metropoli tan districts are not as yet up to the mark needful for action in the question; opinion is not yet quite formed ; it is, however, rapidly growing, and its growth will be greatly promoted by the eloquent testimony we have lately listened to with such rap tures. When, moreover, public opinion has been fully formed, prejudices, fears, and timidity, such as those expressed even by Lord John Russell, will have to be stormed and carried ; and then a plan will have to be prepared, discussed, and finally agreed on In all this there is great and serious work, which it will be painful and disagreeable to have the existing corpora tion of ',London opposing; for the accomplishment will increase and not diminish popular power and authority. And though we grant that meanwhile the corporation does well in improving its own in terior system, it does ill in supposing that any im provements will perpetuate that system ; worse in de- fending a tax which is indefensible on any sound principle of political economy ; for it represses pro duction, is a burden on raw material, is paid by the poorer classes, and in its outlay is partially expended. DINNER TO ADMIRAL SIR CHARL NAPIER AT FALKIRK. On Friday the inhabitants of Falkirk, out of re spect to their townsman, Admiral Sir Charles Na pier, invited him to a public dinner, which took place in the Red Lion Hotel of that town. About 120 of the most influential inhabitants of the town were pre sent ; and the provost of the burgh (Mr. Adams) oc cupied the chair, supported by the Earl of Zetland, Mr. Baird, M.P., Colonel Dundee, &c. The usual loyal and constitutional toasts having been disposed of, the chairman in a long speech proposed " The Health of Admiral Sir Charles Napier," remarking that the inhabitants of Falkirk were proud indeed to welcome their distinguished townsman, whose heroic deeds at Acre, in the Tagus, and other parts of the world, were matter of history, and whose indepen dence while in Parliament was the theme of their warmest admiration. Sir CHARLES NAPIER, who was much cheered on rising to reply, said that it gave him much pleasure again to revisit his native town. He could not ex press in language sufficiently strong his sense of the kindness he had experienced in being invited to a public banquet by his fellow-townsmen. The Provost had been too lavish in his praise, more especially with respect to his (Sir Charles') exertions at Acre, where ha was not, as the Provost had stated, the commander in-chief, and that the merit of that achievement be longed to Sir Robert Stopford.—(Cries of" No.") The Provost had truly said that he (Sir Charles) regretted that, after all the exertions that had been made on that occasion by the British Government, the indus trious people of Lebanon—the only remnant o f Christianity in the East—had been freed from the bondage of Mehemet Ali, only to suffer under the worst yoke of the Turks.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) It was sincerely to be regretted, he maintained, that the policy of Europe should have left that noble race under such a tyrannical Government ; but so it was. —(Cheers.) I have good reason (continued the Gal lant Admiral) to remember the affairs of Portugal. I certainly' as the chairman stated, did proceed there, I will not say unknown to the Government of this country, but certainly without their permission, although, no doubt, they were well enough pleased at it. I was employed at -that' time in the oftese-of liberty in Portugal; and I delight, as I have no doubt all Englishmen will do, that I was enabled to lend a helping hand to relieve the people of that country from the tyranny exercised over them by a usurper, wbo had usurped the throne of a Queen recognised by the Government and people of this country.—(Cheers.) I had the honour as well as the pleasure of upsetting the usurper, and re .estab lishing the legitimate sovereign.—(Loud cheers.) Though liberty has been established in that country, it is greatly to be regretted that the people of Portugal have not known bow to make the best use of it. It came upon them unawares, in fact, and perhaps almost too suddenly ; for, unfor tunately, that country has been, to some extent, in a state of revolution ever since. It is now, however, getting into a more tranquil state, and I hope, in time, that a legitimate and constitutional Government will be established, not only in Portugal but also in Spain. —(Cheers.) Having said so much in answer to the Provost, 1 will now express my great delight in re turning to this country to see the numerous improve ments that have taken place in almost every part of it. When I look back to that magnificent city, Edin burgh—the capital of Scotland—with its noble towers, spires, churches, and hospitals—l must say that liam proud of my native country.—(Cheers.) I have only one regret in looking upon that magnificent city, and it is this, to see the little attention that is paid to the Old Town, a part of the Scottish metropolis for which I have a particular affection; for it was there that I lived in my youth, and there I was educated. When I passed, the other day, up the High-street, I re gretted to see so little improvements made in that noble street, which had the Castle for its one end and the Palace for its other. I saw, in fact, some four or five houses in the direction of the Castle tumbling down, and I could not help expressing my regret that no attempt had been made to purchase these houses, and throw the Castle open up to the High-street. — (Hear.) I may mention to you that I was not satis fied by a mere expression of my regret. I did more, I wrote to the Commissioners of Woods and Forests on the subject, recommending them to pay some little attention to it. Lord Seymour, in answer to my letter, said the Commissioners were not bound to expend their funds in improving the town of Edin burgh. This led me to say, that I wished to God we could get a Scotchman introduced into the Woods and Forests, because I felt confident, if this were the case, that he would consider it to be his duty to do something for the metropolis of his native country.— (Hear.) London is at present the centre of all the efforts of the Commissioners of Woods and Forests, and they have done much to improve it ; but I believe that, as regards Scotland, there has been almost no thing given for its improvement, except the trifle to re pair and improve the old Palace of Holyrood.— (Hear.) Sir Charles then referred to the great im provement that had taken place in agriculture in Scotland since his boyhood. He also adverted to the improvement apparent in its harbours, such as Leith, where there was now a pier that stretched into the centre of the Firth of Forth, and at Glasgow, where there was now water sufficient at the Bromielaw quay to allow the largest class of ships to come to an anchor. He then alluded to Aberdeen, where he saw on the stocks some of the most beautiful ships he ever witnesses in his life. I feel certain, indeed, he con tinued, if the same sort of shipbuilding is followed in other parts of Scotland as I saw at Aberdeen, that we shall be able to bid defiance to opposition in the competition of ships from all parts of the world. — (Cheers). Looking at these and other improvements, I feel sure that, notwithstanding the changes that have taken place in the corn-laws, the industry and enter prise of the people of Scotland will enable them to bid defiance to these and all other laws made for the pro motion of the great principles of free-trade.—(Loud cheers.) I have myself always been a friend of free trade, and I am perfectly certain, from what has come under my observation, that the industry and enter prise of the people of Scotland will enable them, some of these days, to export instead of import.—(Hear, hear.) The Provost was pleased to say that during the time I was in Parliament, I had act e e i d all a ly n op i i n pno d s e e - d ionppendentre ferenceppoos wede torhp part.—(Hear, n t at r hn ed—(lm when H an e ln a e r h supported r , t hino euat thought h . hear.) s hweSer when r eideni R edh t . eo P www e ra e ohs l r w cgihg a ; h s the n t and need not tell you that there were a great ma n y I p a o n h i d a n y t l s e t t h h a e t h l o t n o o t u al r ly todibsaeplopnrogvedwaosf, c m on o d re an e t s e p d e . everything that I thought was wrong —everything vh m eer ill s i ince that I thought was extravagant minanenxefieninsew, a n lav nav y Particularlyo h rr a y s t b o e s es a ni yn hasconducted th a b e p been the peace these shi h w ic h h ich th . l e been spent every year in buildinglsh.iprs,emanerad remember it. system of naval administration, both ene with h money i gs a a n v have wafter wardsth i n Tories.destroying T 1 awas t I opposed when in Parliament ; the opportunity presen ted a . system which, wi thhm n a b y eype voice no the es and with itself, since I have been out of Parliament. Ido not know that that was ex actly a wise policy, because .1 have fallen by it under the displeasure of the Government ; and what is more, I do not think it is very likely that I shall ever fall under their pleasure.—(Laughter and cheers.) I believe that all men who find fault with Government, be they Whig or Tory, are naturally disliked. They never like to have their misdeeds exposed—(Laugh ter)—but I know one thing, that unless their mis deeds are exposed they never will be corrected.— (Loud cheers.) It was Sheridan, I think, who once said, " Give me a venal House of Commons, and a corrupt House of Lords ; but give me the press, and I will defy the world."—(Cheers.) I perfectly agree with him in what he has said ; but woe betide the man who uses the press to bring such things forward. (Hear, hear, much laughter, and cheers.) Bat, ne vertheless, I will persevere in an independent man ner, supporting a good Government, and opposing a bad Government; and if I get back to Parliament again, I shall, whether Whig or Tory be in power, pursue exactly the same course, in endeavouring to keep up the British navy to what it ought to be for the defence of the country, and higher kept up than at the present moment; but I will not keep it up in tho extravagant manner in which it now is, especially in the dockyards. I remember when I was first in Parliament that I accused the Admiralty of building four or five iron steamers without having tried them ; when the Secretary of the Admiralty got up, with a self• exultant smile, and said, " we are building forty." —(A laugh.) True enough, they built thirty-three iron steamers, without making any experiment whe ther they were fit for use or not ; and when they did make the experiment it was found that they wtra fo : them were fit for some purpose. Theywere fit the w orld to totally useless. But fortunately a lar ge iniinbe carrying troops from one end of th e _ other, and that was all the advantage we had from building them, because it gave the sold ier much bet ter accommodation than they had hith erto had.— r (Hear, and cheers.) Well, you have h eard enou g h n to know that, while I am the friend of eco nom y I am not the friend of throwing open the country t o the attacks of its foes. Sir Charles then alluded to the Duke of Wellington's letter on the defences of the country, and said that the Duke being high in office, could state with impunity his views on that subject, ' but not so men like him (Sir Charles Napier.) To prove the defenceless state of the country, he adverted to the time of the Syrian war, when, he said, the French fleet might have been made to rendezvous in Cherbourg, whence it could have made an easy descent on this country, and landed troops for its in vasion, without our being almost able to man a single ship to oppose it. He then concluded by tendering his warmest thanks for the cordial reception which he had met from his fellow-townsmen, and stating that he was proud of being " a bairn of Falkirk."J Several other toasts followed, and the evening was spent with great cordiality. LIIPROVEMENTS IN NOTTINGHAM. On Friday last his Grace the Duke of Newcastle, accompanied by Mr. Felkin (the mayor of Notting ham) and the enclosure committee, visited the Arbo retum, recreation-walks, and pleasure grounds, which, thanks to the New Enclosure Bill, and a desire amongst the local authorities to improve the town and the social position of the poorer classes of its inhabi tants, have been recently constructed. After having made the inspection, his Grace was entertained at a splendid lunch in e Exchange Rooms, at which also Mr. Walter, M.P., Colonel Rolleston, and the magistrates of the town were present. After the usual loyal toasts had been received, The Mayon rose to propose the health of the Noble Duke, and in doing so he presented to his Grace the good wishes of the town in relation with certain matters connected with its improvements, and expressed the pleasure the inhabitants would feel if he could more frequently appear among them. The Duke of NEWCASTLE most cordially thanked the Mayor forthe kind terms in which he had pro posed his health ; but not only were his thanks due for this additional mark of his kindness, inasmuch as he had to thank him not less warmly for allowing him to appear among them as his (the mayor's) private friend. He felt their kindness greatly, and it would only increase the interest he had ever felt in the town. lie thanked him also for the opportunity of meeting, as his guests, so many gentlemen whom he had had the pleasure of shaking hands with six or seer( n years ago. He saw before him men of various politics — men differing in their views with regard to the topics of the day—but who could assemble together with all good feeling and cordiality to esch other, while, at the same time, they preserved their own honest opi nions.—(Cheers.) He mentioned this as showing the success of those great and important works for the benefit of the town, and the improvement of the poorer inhabitants which they had had the kindness to explain to him. lle would not walk round the table, and, following the example of an " honourable gentle man," embrace in public any one of those who were present, and subject himself to be called to order by his host—(Laughter)—but he assured them that if it did not go through that outward form, he fraternized no less sincerely with them.—(Cheers and renewed laughter.) lie rejoiced at the conversation he had with the Mayor some years ago, when he (the Noble Duke) was a Member of the House of Commons ; and now that his position was moved into another sphere, although he was no longer able to promote the interests of the town in the Lower House, if they would permit him he should be most happy at any time, in the other House, to act as their representative.—(Applause.) It was a much longer time than they would perhaps imagine since he visited the town, and notwithstanding he had come prepared to see many valuable improvements, his anticipations, great as they were, had been much more than realized, for he had been really astonished at the progress that hail been made.—(Cheers.) It had been a matter of regret that the commonable lands sur rounding the town had not been earlier enclosed, but out of evil frequently good arose. They would not 30 or 40 years ago have had the same public spirit in the town ; they would not have had the same judgment; they would not have had the same ob jects paramount in their minds which had obviously ruled in the undertaking they were carrying out. They might not have been enabled to obtain the valu able cemeteries, putting a stop to intramural inter ments ; they would not have been able to see those beautiful walks of recreation open to all classes ; they would not have seen valuable institutions rising around I the town ; but they might have seen an overcrowded, unhealthy, and, as a necessary consequence, a vicious population, crowding upon those spots which would now really delight as well as astonish all who visited them. Ile rejoiced, therefore, now, however much he might have regretted it before, that these measures were not carried out earlier. Having alluded to the baths and washhouses as being means of raising the characters of the wives and daughters of the mechanics, and as enabling them to study habits of propriety, decency, and cleanliness in their homes, the Noble Duke concluded by observing that he feared the mayor had greatly overrated his abilities, but certainly not in any way his anxiety to serve them.—(Cheers.) The MAYOR said the next toast would be "The members for the town of Nottingham," but he should confine his observations to the singular.—(Laughter.) When they considered the great talent and the com prehensiveness of the views of the gentleman whom they had the pleasure of meeting that day, they had reason to rejoice that he was a representative of the town.—(Cheers.) Such men as Mr. Walter were the best exponents of the interests of a town like Nottingham.—(Cheers.) And as it was now five or six years since they had had the honour of having ene listed his talents in their service, his present duties must, in the ordinary course of time, come to a close ; but be thought he was not taking too much upon himself in saying that in another Parliament Mr. Walter would, in all probability, again be the representative, not of a party merely, but of the town. He rejoiced that in him, and in many others in that truly honourable assembly, th ey had men with British hearts and feelings, animated by tr ue, h onest Saxon sentiments, and anxiousof theto promote the g r ea t interests of this country and Mr. WAL TER . most returned his cordial "rll —(Cheers.) the Mayor for th e flattering manner inwlfi t c i l i f a h n e ks ha t d o introduced his health to that assemblage, not only es of a private g ues t, b u t as one their members. He thanked them f or th e extremely kind manner in which they had expressed their wishes with regard to the continuance of the office which he had the honour of holding, and especially for the too kind way in which they bad overlooked those shortcomings of which he was deeply sensible. He was also bound to thank them for having on that occasion afforded him an op portunity of meeting at that table the highly distin guished nobleman he had had the honour of sitting opposite to, whose name and family had been iden tified with the interests of this borough for so many generations.—(Cheers.) Few and far between as his (Mr. Walter's) visits to the town had unfortunately been, they bad been attended with the advantage of enabling him the better to judge of the great im provements which bad been effected within the last few years, and which he had perhaps been enabled to ap preciate more than if had been a resident in th e locality —(Hear.) He had only returned within the last few days from a tour abroad, in the course of which he had been particularly struck w ith t h e ad vantage that I most continental towns presented in the advantages 1 ko a° i-o i° ifeW i gs Pie