The Sun. — London, England, 1851-06-12 00:00:00

. ' Ni, LONDON and NORTH - WESTERN and CHESTER and HOLYHEAD RAILWAYS. TLe celebrated Britannia Tubular and Suspension Bridges over the Menai titraits and North Wales, the Island of Anglesey, and Holyhead. Weekly Tickets at Reduced Rates. Arrangements having been made to afford parties an opportunity of visiting the above interesting objects and the magnificent scenery of north Wales, Tickets will he issued at the Euston Station, avail able for One Week Irons the date of issue, by any train, according to C lass, allowing the holder to stop at Chester, or any station on the Chester and Holyhead Railway, but not to travel twice over the same Portion of the railway in one direction. FARES. Express or Mail Train • ..... £3 10 0 First-class Ordinary Trains •• .. 2 10 0 Secoud•class Ordinary Trains .. 2 0 0 By order, MARK HUISIT, London and North-Western Railway. J. 0. BINGER, Chester and Holyhead Railway. General Manager's-office, Euston Station, June, 1851. L ONDON AND NORTH - WESTERN R.~IL«'AY. RETURN TICKETS. With a view of enabling parties 'visiting London during the Great Exhibition to spend their ,zundays in the country, notice is hereby given. that on every SATURDAY, until further notice. TICKET,', not transferable, will be issued frem the Euston-square Station onl;•, by any train, and to any station at which the trains stop, on the London and North-Western Railway, returnable on the following Monday, at ONE FIRE for the DOUBLE JOURNEY, according to the class of train by which the tickets may have been issued. By order, MARK HUISH. General Manager's Office, Euston Station, May 23, 1851 CHEMIN DE FER LONDON and NORTII WESTERN (Londrcs and Nord Quest.) BILLETS D'ALLEE et RETOUR. Alin de donner aux ♦oyageurs visitant Londres pendant l'Exposl ten les facilites necessaires pour passer le Dimanche a la campagne, 1' administration de la Compagnie fait savoir par le present que lusqu'a nouvel ordre, 11 sera iimls tousles Sauaeklis 31a Station d'Eus ton-square seulement, pour tons les trains et pour tons les points de la route oa les trains s'arretent des billets avec lesquels on aura la faellite de revenir jusqu'au lundi suivant. Le prix de ces billets sera le memo que pour un soul trajet et cette regle sera generale pour tous lea trains. _. Par ordre, Bureau de Directeur Gen6ral, Euston Station, DIARK IWISII. 22 Mai, 1851. LONDON und NORTH-WESTERN EISENBALIN. lIIN-UND-ZURUCK BILLETTE. Urn den Iferren Fremden, welche sich wahrend der grossen Aus atellung in London aufhalten, die Gelegenheit zu geben, den Soon taz auf'e Land zubringen zu kiinnen ; wird es heimit an gezeicht bis auf waiters Ankundigung, Billette jeden Sonnabend nur bei der Euston-square Station zu erhalten sand, fur jede Abfahrt und ant jede Station auf der London and North-Western Eiseabahn, bei welchen der Zug anhiilt. Fur solche Billette wird nor einfaches Fahrgeld fur die Hin•und-zuruck-Fahrt 'rerlangt, und die Zuruck fahrt mag mit eine n zug derselben Klasse fur welche das Naiet, ge nommen wurde, am forgenden Montag stattfinden. Ant Terordnung der Direction, MARK DLTISFI Bureau der General Direction, Euston Station, 23ten Mai, 1331. LONDON to BOULOG/IE DIRECT.—RETURN TICKETS. The COMMERCIAL COMPANY'S superior Steam -ships CITY Of PARIS, Captain Tune, CITY of BOULOGNE, Captain Moore, Rill leave LONDON-BRIDGE WHARF, as under, weather per- Mating, every Tuesday and Friday : City of Paris. Friday, June 13 ...... 12 Noon. City of Boulogne .. Tuesday, June 17 •• • 12 Noon. City of Paris.. —.Friday, June 20 ••.. .. 6 Morning. City of Boulogne • • Tuesday, June 24 . • .... 8 Morning. City of Paris.. •• . • Friday, June 27 .• • 12 Noon. Saloon, 12s. ; Fore Cabin, Bs.; Children under 10 years, half-price. N.B. Return Tickets to or from London to Bonlog - ne at a Fare and a half, to be obtained at the respective offices only. Passengers booked throughout from London to Paris at the Com pany's Offices, 4, Arthur-street East ; Railway Office, 44, Regent street; the Universal Office, Regent-circus. BANK of BRITISH NORTH AMERICA. Incorporated by Royal Charter. The Court of Directors hereby give notice, that a HALF YEARLY DIVIDEND, at the rate of Five per Cent. per Annum, on the capital of the Bank, will be PAYABLE to the Proprietors of shares registered in this country on and after the sth day of July next, at the Office of the Corporation, 7, St. Helen's-place, Bishops tate-street, between the hours of Ten and Four. No transfer can be made between the 16th instant and sth proximo, as the Books must be Closed during that period. By order of the Court, G. DE B. ATTITOOD, Secretary. No. 7, St. Helen's-place, London, June 4, 1851. FURNISHING IRONMONGERY, Fenders, and Fire-irons, Kitchen Ranges, Hall and Church Stoves, Tea urns and Kettles, Table Cutlery, Lamps, Baths of al kinds, ornamen tal Wire-work, Tents, Iron Bedsteads, Purdoniuns, &c., at the PANCLIBANON ; also the largest assortment of Papier Mache Tea trays and Dish-covers in London. Every article'warranted, marked in plain figures, and delivered free of all carriage expenses, 200 miles. W. MASSEY and Co., 58, Baker-street, and 5, King-street, Port man-square. Furnishing lists and estimates may be had on applica tion. THE LAKE SCENERY OF ENGLAND. The Series of Twenty-five Pictures of the "English Lake District," painted during the last three years, by J. B. FYNE, Esq., is new on View in Messrs. Graves' Gallery, 6, Pall-mall, which has been engaged for the purpose. Catalogues of admission, Is., to be obtained at the Gallery ; of the leading Printsellers ; and of Mr. Sams, St. James's-street. COLOSSAL GLOBE.—Mr. WYLD'S Large Model of the EARTH, in Leicester-square, is now OPEN to the public from Nine o'clock in the ➢corning. Admission— On Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, Is. On Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Saturdays, Us. Gd. B RITISH COLLEGE OF HEALTH, New road, London. MORISON'S VEGETABLE UNIVERSAL MEDICINE. None are genuine unless they come direct from the Ccliege as above, with the words, " Morison's Universal Medicines," on the Government stamp. See list of duly authorised agents. No chemists or drug gists ore authorised to sell Morison's Pills. Dated this 2nd May, 1851. (Signed) MORISON and CO., Ilygeista. R OYAL FANCY BAZAAR, in Aid of the Funds of the Hahnemann Hospital. In the columns of the Times of last Monday, June 9, is displayed a list of aristocratic names, headed by that of the Duchess of Kent, as the patrons of Hotneeopathy Without further comment we ask—What has become of that which not long ago was looked upon as legitimate medicine? What does the Royal College of Physicians, and what do those of Oxford and Cambridge say to this? Are they all right? Issued by the Members of the British College of Health, New-road London, for and on behalf of Ilygeists. June 12, 1851. NEW WORK ON STRICTURE AND SPERMATORRIICEI. Just published, svo., in cloth, price 3s. 6d., by post (free), 45., A TREATISE on the CURE of STRICTURE of the URETHRA ; containing the True Reasons why that Disease so often assumes such an intractable character; with Rules and Instructions for the successful Treatment of every Form of Urethral Contraction, based on the results of extensive and pro longed experience. To which Is added, Practical Observations on the Treatment of Spermatorrhcea by Cauterization. By F. B. COURTENAY, "These who complain most loudly are those only who know not how to use the common instruments. . . . The prac tice of surgeons has been marked with all kinds of violence, and in difference about the simple cure of diseases, and a passion for operations, and all the excesses and horror of surgery."—John Bell. H. Bailliere, 219, Regent-street, London. BA TT Y' S GRAND NATIONAL HIPPODROME, Kensington, is the greatest novelty in Lon don, and daily attracts crowds of admiring spectators to view the magnificent entertainments, arranged expressly for the occasion. The proprietor most respectfully submits the following arrangements for Whitsun Week, and in consequence of the immense success of the Day Performances, and in order to afford the juvenile branches an opportunity of visiting the Establishment, there will be Two Performances every day during the Whitsun Week. The Day Per formance will commence precisely at Two o'clock, Doors open at One. The Entertainments in the Evening as usual. Doors open at Five. Performance to cemmence precisely at Six. Private Boxes ls. Od. Admission to the Reserved Seats - - 3s. Od. First-class do. Second do. Third do. N OT I C E OF REGULATION FOR WHITSUNTIDE. As it is , computed that nearly half a million of the Working Classes will arrive in the Metropolis during the early portion of next Week, the greatest precautions have been taken to prevent inconve nience ; and it is presumed that the residents of the Metropolis, who call do everything when they please, will take advantage of the excursion trains and steamers, which aro judiciously provided to ac commodate two hundred thousand a day. In London many of the Exhibitions will be open ; the British Museum, the National Gallery, and many other attractions will be free, and among the principal sights of London to which the public arc invited, the magni ficent marts of E. MOSES and SON, in the Minories and Ald gate, and New Oxford-street, will attract thousands. At their establishment may be seen the most extensive col lection of fashionable costume ever got together, and among them the superb embroidered dresses intended for the Great Exhibition. These specimens are worth travelling a thousand miles to inspect, for art and science can go no further in the pro duction of embroidery. It would, indeed, be a matter of regret for a visitor to omit calling at the Monarch Mart, for it is im possible to form the least idea of its extent, or of the variety, elegance, and taste displayed in the dresses, which, in number, exceed all belief. It should be mentioned to visitors that they are invited to inspect not to buy, although the purchase of the next article of dress a visitor may require, follows some time or other, as certain as day follows night, for the articles exhibited are as good of the kind as man can produce, and the prices so mode rately low, that people must see to believe. E. MOSES and SOS have devoted a separate Show-room for the purpose of exhibiting the embroidered robes alluded to, and they again earnestly invite an inspection. Wanted several Youths as Cashiers. Apply by letter. A handsome Almanac, for the c year 1851, can be had gratis, on appliation. . _ The new editioz of "Everybody's Book, containing a full report •f the late important trial, may be had gratis, on application, or by letter, post free. B. MOSES and SON have no connexion with any other house or •ut of London, except the following : London City Establishment, 154, 155 156. and 157, Minoring, 83, 84, 85, and 86, Aldgate, opposite the Church, all communicating. London West-end Branch, 506, 507, 508, New Oxford-street, 1,2, and 3, Hart-street, all communicating. Bradford " Yorkshire" Branch, 19, Bridge-street. Sheffield Branch, 36, Fargate. Tailors, Clothiers, Hatters, Hosiers, Furriers, Boot and Shoe makers, and General Outfitters for Ladles and Gentlemen. The Establishments are closed from sunset Friday to sunset Sa tUrday, when business is rearmed till Twelv o o'clock. Id l'on parlo Francaise. Qui si parla Italian°. lller spricht man Deutsch. Aqui se habla Espanol. DR. CULVER WELL'S NEW WORKS. To be had of Sherwood, 23, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho; 147, Fleet-street ; Mann, 39, Cornhill ;or direct front the author , price One fdhilling each ; by post, Is. 6d. ENJOYMENT OF LITE. "Health, Recreation, and rational Use of Time." Commas :—Early Rising—Spring and Summer MorningS—Ex enrsions about the Environs of London—The Parks, Lanes, Hills, Forests, Fields, High-roads, and other pleasant places —Country Trips and Rambles—The Sea—London at Night —Evening. at Home ...Dingle—The Drama—On Eating, Drinking, Sleeping, Bathing, Air, Wet, Ease, Occupation, &c., &c, FRAGMENTS FROM TEEEMOUNTAINS. Two Vol. Vol I. ,► VISIT TO THE LASES; SKETCH OF EDINBURGH, Ito. Vol. 11. ICES OF TEC LAKES OW KILLARNEY; DUBLIN, 8r.4. WHAT TO EAT, DRINK, AND AVOID. " That three seore years and ten our course may ran." A popular review of almost every form (cause and cure) of ner vously-debilitated health and enfeebled constitution, that harasses the young, besets the man of pleasure, business, or study, and em bitters old age, with tables and rules for the diet and physical regn soon of every-day life. TV. THE PASSIONS. u What passions hurt the body—what imprOTOI Truths as refined as Athens ever heard." SITSTEcT : -Life's pilgrimage, from infancy to old age. The advent of the passions. Chastity and its infringements. The casualties 0. geentiousness and dissipation, with illustrations, graphic, narrative, and rainediative. Advocacy of early marriages.: THE MARRIAGE STATE. " To be or not to be, that is the question." i lko wnsx:—Laws and obligations of nature, society, and re- Been rega rding marriage, to be observed by either sex. Time and choice, on both sides, as to age, temperament, complexion, and figure, to secure healthy offspring, with the art of rearing them. Physical defectiveness and its removal. Sterility and its conversion. 011/06 ' &C. BY It, . CIILVERWELL, M.D. (1841), M.R.C.S. (1821), L.S.A. Is t 4) . T we nty.tiva years Medical and Yoraido Remo in thou wattm; 11.9.0 011 bawl day 41.1 WiihiPeOßTO tut Ku; 4111114 torte oroner L hold farmer 3anslet s from )urned to as of een 10 rsdale ' - ' ',.' , ...,rilat , . ..e . - tt ,:r -. 1 . ...„..; , k ,..,_, * ' -- ~..., '.4..* ( pi .. - 1 4 ~, la * '* , ) .....c. fr. . , JUNE 19 1851. N ° .18,321.] LONDON, THURSDAY :4- 44 La • ' .atto vet, 7 CATHOLIC LAW AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, 8, NEW COVENTRY-STREET, LEICESTER-SQUARE, LONDON. The FOURTH ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING of the rroprie tors of this Company took place on the 25th instant, at the Head Office, at One o'clock precisely. The following is extracted from the report, which is too lengthy for publication : During the past year no claims have arisen from deaths in Englan l. and but two in Ireland—one for 5001. and the other for 2501.—making together 7001., which have been paid. This is far below the expected raortality, and is especially favourable, when it is remembered how ~ , ,verely the life offices generally suffered from the epidemic of last year. - The number of lives assured between the Ist of June, 1949, and the 31st of May, 1850, was more than double the number issued in the twelve months preceding. Proposals were made for 138 Policies, amounting to 52,963/. 2s. 6d.: of these 123, comprising 106 lives, were accepted for 45,125/. 63. Sixteen Policies lapsed, representing 6,0451., upon which 3201. Zs. was received by the Company in the shape of premiums. Since the commencement of the Company to the Ist of June last, assurances were effected to the extent of 110,972/. 12s 6d., pro ducing in annual premiums 3,7321. 1 ls. 6d. Of these 54 lapsed, amounting to 23,9901. 16s. 6d., of which the annual premiums were 7411. Is., leaving the yearly income on the lit of June last equal to 2,991/. 15s. 11d. Since last meeting loans were applied for to the extent of 17,7001., but 1,1531. I Is. 10d. only was advanced. The Directors were also highly gratified to report that within the last four months they had considerably extended their business on the Continent, having appointed, as Head Agent in France, Monsieur de l'Etang, a gentleman of high standing in Paris, distinguished for his integrity and ability in financial and in all assurance matters, who, under the sanction and patronage of the Archbishop of Paris, the Cardinal Archbishop of Lyons, and Monseigneur Parisis, Eveque de Langres, has already within the last three months effected a con siderable amount of business, not only in Life Assurances, but in An nuities both Immediate and Deferred. ---- —... —.....--- --.--- After various resolutions, approving of the Report, and returning thanks to the Right Reverend Chairman, Bishop Morris, the Vice- Chairman, Actuary, Secretary, and Medical Officers of the establish ment, the meeting separated, highly gratified at its present results and future prospects. LAURENT'S GRAND CASINO, Licensed by Act of Parliament. ARGYLL ROOMS, GREAT WINDMILL STREET, ST. JAMES'S. (Sole Lessee, Charles Emile Laurent, Jun., 57, Brompton-square.) OPEN EVERY EVENING, With LAURENT'S UNRIVALLED BAND. Principal Cornet-a-Pistons, M. Bonlcourt. Doors open at Half-past Eight o'clock—Dancing to commence at 51se and terminate at Half-past Eleven o'clock precisely. IN SIX LANGUAGES-FORTIETH EDITION. 'ONTAININO TILE REMEDY FOR THE PREVENTION OF DISEASE. Illustrated by One Hundred Anatomical Coloured Engravings on Steel. OZil PHYSICAL DISQUALIFICATIONS, GENERATIVE INCA PACITY, AND IMPEDIMENTS TO MARRIAGE. New and Improved Edition, enlarged to 196 pages, price 2s. 6d. by post, direct from the Establishment, 3s. 6d. hi postage stamps, All Communications being strictly confidential, the Authors have discontinued the publishing of Cases. THL SILENT FRIEND, a Medical Work on the exhaustion and physical decay of the system, produced by excessive indulgence, the consequences of infection, or the abuse of mercury, with explicit directions for the use of the preventive lotion, followed by observations on the Married State, and the disqualifica tions which prevent it. Illustrated by 100 Coloured Engravings. By R. and L. PERRY and CO., 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Lon don. Published by the Authors ; and sold by Strange, Al, Pater noster-row; Hannay, 63, and Sanger, 150, Oxford-street; and Gor don, 146, Leadenhall-street, London. PART 1. treats 05 the anatomy and physiology of the re-productive srgans, and is illustrated by 28 Coloured Engravings. PART 11. treats of the consequences resulting from excessive in dulgence, anu their lamentable effects on the system, producing mental and bodily weakness, nervous excitement, and generative In apacity. Illustrated by 10 Explanatory Engravings. PART 111. treats of the diseases resulting from infection, either in the primary or secondary form, and contains explicit directions for their treatment. This section is illustrated by 62 Coloured Engzav -148. PART IT. contains a Remedy for the Prevention of Disease by a simple application, by which tho danger of infection is obviated. This important part of the Work should not escape the reader's PART V. is devoted to the consideration of marriage, and its du ties. The causes of unproductive union are also considered, and the whole subject critically and philosophically inquired into. TIIE CORDIAL BALD[ or STRIACUSI is exclusively employed in treating nervous and sexual debility, impotence, &c., 11s. and 335. per bottle. The Concentrated Detersive Essence, an anti-syphilitic remedy, for purifying the blood in cases of infection, secondary symptoms, eruptions, and the abuse of mercury, 11s. and 335. per bottle. Ferry's Purifying Specific Pills, 2s. 9Ll_, 4s. 6d., and 1 Is. per box, a certain remedy for gonorrhcea, gleet, stricture, and chronic inflammation of the bladder. Consultation fee, if by letter, I:. A minute detail of the case is required: age, habits, and posi tion in society. 51. Packets, with advice, to be had at the zeta- Daly, by which the fee, 11., is saved. Messrs. Perry, In attendance daily at 19, Berners-strect, Oxford-street, Lon dln, from Eleven till Two, and Five to Eight; on &inlay, from E1...4pr to Ona SHIP NEWS. NOTICE TO MARINERS. RESPECTING THE NAVIGATION OF THE GULF OF FINLAND AND THAT OF RIGA. ST. I;ETERSIITIRGH , APRIL 22.—The hydrographic de partment of the Minister of Marine gives notice to ma riners that in order to facilitate the entry of vessels into the Gulf of Riga, in the Baltic, a round stone tower, with a conical roof, was built in the year 1850, on the hill called Blaubergen, situated on the coast of Cour land. This tower, from its base, is 89 English feet in height, and 271 feet above the level of the sea. It is covered with white plaster, and the roof is painted red. It is situated at 321 Italian miles, 52 deg. 30 min. S.W. of the Domesnas lighthouse; it is 57 deg. 37 min. 45 sec. north let.. and longitude 22 deg. 17 min. 29 sec. east of Greenwich. Notice is given to mariners by the same department, that in order to mark the south coast upon the approach to Cronstadt, a wooden octangular tower was built in the year 1850, on a hill called Bronna, near Oranienbaum, the height of which, including the ball which is above the root, is 49 English feet from the ground, and 294 feet from the level of the sea. This tower is situated 59 deg. 55 m i n. 7 sec. N. lat., and 29 deg. 39 min. 16 sec ' 109 g.. Greenwich meridian. The roof and the ball are painted bl ac k the middle. $ the walls white, with a black belt in Notice is also given by the aforesaid department that on account of some h 3 drographie works which are to be completed during the summer of 1851, temporary buoys will be placed at the places where the work is in pro gress; namely (a) in the skerries of Finland, near the i s lands of Digscher; (b) in the middle of the Gulf of Finland, between the islands of Nargue and Cape Da gerot; and (c) in Monsund and round the island of D 30.0; and which, in order to bo distinguished from the ordinary buoys, will have yellow and other coloured brooms above their blue flags. ATTEMPTED MURDER AT WOLVERIIAMPTON. On Tuesday a navigator, named James Sones, about thirty five years of age, was c har g ed with having attempted t o murder a female of the name of Caroline Dlorris, the pre vious night, by cutting her t hroat. Th e woman remaining in a very dangerous state, and but little hopes being enter tained of her recovery, an application for a remand was granted. Her depositions have been taken in the presence ~f the prisoner, w hom the swears to as being the perso n who committed the deed. The prisoner and his victim have been living together for some time past at various towns in Staffordshire, but the woman deserted him about three weeks back, and came to the above town, whither the pri soner came on Monday, and made inquiries at several places to endeavour to find her. In the evening he discovered her at a house of resort for persons of an abandoned t character, and called her into a yard at the back of the public-house, where, without speaking a word to her, be cut her throat from ear to ear. When taken into custody he acknowledged that he had committed the crime, and expreeeed a regret that ha bad not also destroyed himself. STEAM COMMUNICATION WITH INDIA The Select Committee appointed to inquire into the existing steam communications with India and China, and into the practicability of affecting any improve ment therein, and also into the best mode of estab lishing steam communications between England, India, China, Australia, New Zealand, or any of them, as well as any points upon the several routes between them, and who were empowered to report their observations, to , ether with the minutes of evi dence taken before them from time to time to the House, have considered the matters to them referred, and have agreed to their first report, as follows :-- Your Committee, in considering the best mode of carrying out the inquiry submitted to them by your Honourable House, were led to believe that it would give the most general satisfaction to enter—first, upon the question of the different routes by which it has been proposed to connect, by means of steam com munication, the Australian colonies with the mother country, in order to come, at as early a period as pos sible, to some definite conclusion as to the respective merits of these lines ; leaving for subsequent consi deration the other matters included in the order of re • fere nce. Your Committee have adopted this course, believ ing that the information furnished by the witnesses who have appeared before them may materially facili tate the efforts of the Government in making the ar rangements necessary for effecting that important communication. With this object, your Committee have examined witnesses of different views, and representing various interests. They first called 'for evidence from persons con nected with, and long resident in, the colonies of Australia, wbo, they have a right to believe, were acquainted with the wants and wishes of the colo nists, and others whose commercial transactions with the colonies, and whose knowledge of imperial con siderations involved in the question, rendered their opinions of value. They have likewise taken the evidence of officers in her Majesty's naval service, as well as commanders and owners of vessels in the mercantile marine, who have practical acquaintance with the navigation of the seas proposed to be tra v er se d by the ve s se l s o f th e companies tendering for the different routes. W About entering at length into scientific details as regards the comparative merits of the screw and pad dle, when applied to steamers intended for ocean voy ages, your Committee were of opinion that as two of the lines for which tenders have been sent in pro posed to effect the communication by means of auxi liary screw steamers, it was their duty to take the evidence of practical men, as to the probability that vessels so propelled would be able, under all circum stances, to perform with sufficient punctuality the services for which they were tendered. The question, it appears to your Committee, in volves the following considerations :- 1. Expedition, certainty, and extent of postal com munication. 2. Expedition, accommodation, and economy, in the conveyance of passengers. 3. Facility, accommodation, and cheapness, with reference to the peculiar kind of merchandise passing between England and Australia. 4. That the line or lines selected should be as free as possible from those political objections which ne cessarily attach to a line dependent on other countries for its communications. There are three routes proposed by which this com munication may be established :-- 1. The Panama route—a line of auxiliary screw steamers by the Pacific Steam Packet Company, in connexion with the West India Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, from a channel port to Chagres, or Navy Bay, in the Gulf of Mexico, across the Isthmus of Panama, by means of a railway —as described to be in process of construction by an American company —and thence from Panama, via Tahiti and New Zea land to Sydney. 2. The Cape route—a line of auxiliary screw steamers from a channel port round the Cape of Good Hope, either by an extension of the existing line to the Cape, or a separate line throughout, not touch ing, on the outward passage, at that colony, but call ing off Port Philip, making Sydney the terminus, and from the former port it is contemplated to run branch steamers to swan River, Van Diemen's Land, and New Z-aland. 3. The Indian Route—A line following the pre sent overland mail route, from a channel port viii Alexandria), Suez, Aden, to Point de Galle :—From Point de Galle there are three proposed modes of reaching Australia: Ist. From Point de Galle to Singapore, and then via Torres Straits to Sydney. 21 From Point de Galle direct to the west coast of Australia, reaching Sydney via S wan River and Port 3d. From Point de Galle to Singapore, and then Viet the Straits of Sunda, Batavia, Swan River, and Ade laide, to Sydney. It is in evidence before your Committee that the average number of days now occupied in the voyage from England to Sydney by the Cape of Good Hope is 119, and from Sydney to England 138 ; and upon this basis the course of post between England and Australia may be stated at present at not less than 257 days, or eight months. The Pacific Steam Packet Company proposed to perform the distance from England to Sydney, by the Panama line, in screw-steamers of 1,000 tons, and 200 horse power, in 62 days and some hours, at an average rate of 9 knots the hour ; and allowing, as they propose, eight days at Sydney for the reply to letters, the current of post would be reduced to 133 days. The General Screw Steam Navigation Company proposed to perform the service from England to Sydney, by the Cape route, in auxiliary screw steamers of 1,400 or 1,700 tons, with 250 or 300 horse power, at an average rate of 81 knots the hour ; they engaged to perform the outward passage in 64 days, and the homeward in 68; and allowing, as they propose, three days for the reply to letters, the course of post by this line would be reduced to 135 days. The projected Eastern Steam Navigation Company, proposed to perform the serv i ce v ia T r i es t e an d Sin gapore in 53 days, in paddle steamers of 1,200 tons burden, with 400 horse power, and allowing three days for the reply to letters at Sydney, it would re duce the course of post to 109 days. The Peninsular and Oriental Company stated their readiness to undertake the service via Marseilles, Alexandria, and Singapore, but without mentioning the class of vessels they propose to employ. The service, as in the offer of the former company, to be performed at the rate of 10/ knots the hour; the out ward passage to be made in 52 days, and the home ward in 55 ; allowing, according to their proposal, five days for the reply to letters, the current of post would be reduced to 112 days. It is proper to remark, in reference to the expecta tions held out by the two last companies, as to the time in which this communication may be maintained, that in order to effect the object proposed, the speed must be greatly increased beyond the rates stipulated for in the existing contract with the Peninsular and Oriental Company. In reference to the nautical questions which came before your Committee, and upon which they called for the opinions o f p rac ti ca l seamen, they were anxious to elicit facts relative to the navigation of Torres Straits, the navigation of the Australian coast in the region of Cape Leeuwin, and the practicability of performing with regularity the homeward voyage from Sydney to the Cape of Good Hope in vessels to which the auxiliary screw propeller is proposed to be applied. As regards the first of th ese , your Committee have bad in evidence from several eminent naval officers, who are practically conversant with the navigation of Torres Straits and the neighbouri ng seas , t h at dangers and difficulties abound ; and although the admirable surveys of the scientific officers, employed under the direction of the Admiralty, have done much to render that passage less hazardous than formerly, your Committee, nevertheless, do not feel justified in recommending it as a regular route for steam-vessels carrying mails, passengers, and cargo, running day and night, and bound under heavy penalties to per form the service in a given time. With reference to the navigation of the seas in the vicinity of Cape Leeuwin, it does not appear to your Committee, from the evidence laid before them, that the difficulties, owing to the severe gales said to pre vail for many months of the year in that region, are more severe than those encountered about the same latitudes in other parts of the world, or that they are such as a well• found steam-vessel of adequate tonnage and power may not successfully contend against. This observation applies more especially to the return voyage from Sydney via Cape Leuwin ; the practicability of which, at certain periods of the y ear , with adequate regularity, some of the witnesses have questioned. seems to b e a With reference to th e a pplication of the screw pro peller to st eamers i nten d e d f or ocean vo ya g e s , th ere general opinion that either as an auxi liary or pri nc i pa l motive power, i t h as b een emi nently successful ; and that when used as an auxi liary, it is singularly well adapted for vessels com bining the carriage of mails, passengers and cargo on long voyages; while at the same time it is the moat economical mode in which steam may be applied to effect a rapid communication. From the evidence taken before your Committee, it appears that the screw itself, and the machinery connected with it, are in a state of continued improve ment. The discussions which took place in the Australian colonies on steam communication with England seem to have had reference to the question generally rather than to the advantages of any one line es compared with another. The votes of certain sums of money by the legislative councils at Sydney and Adelaide seem to have been influenced, in a great measure, by local considerations. At Sydney more especially, where the sum of 6,0001. was voted by the Legislative Council for the Torres Straits Passage, it was admitted by one of the witnesses that the object of that vote was to secure to Sydney the terminus of the mail line. The questions of the navigation of Torres Straits and.. the passage by Cape L eeuw i n , o f the return voyage to the Cape of Good Hope, and of the employ ment of screw steamers, being settled, the considera tion of the relative merits of the three routes is very much simplified, and may be viewed with advantage, in reference to the four fundamental conditions laid down in the commencement of this report. 1. As .regards expedition, certainty, and extent of postal communication. Although it does not appear from the evidence that any one of these lines has any advantage over the others in these respects, of so decided a character es lead the Committee to recommend it solely on that ground, the Committee are led to believe that the direct line from Point de Galle, via Singapore to Swan River, would be the most expeditious that could be es tablished; and of the three lines for which tenders have been sent in, that from Point de Galle via Singa pore, Batavia, and Cape Leeuwin, promises a greater security for rapid and certain postal communication with England than either the route by Panama or the Cape of Good Hope; this, however, must depend, as has already been remarked, upon the speed being greatly increased beyond that stipulated for in the existing contract from England to Singapore, and it is hardly necessary to observe that no such increase could be effected without a corresponding augmentation of ex penditure. In regard to the Panama route, your Committee believe that its promoters have not overstated the punctuality or facility with which they would be enabled to maintain a postal communication within the period they offer for the service. In respect to the Cape line, it seems not impossible that there may be a degree of uncertainty at first, ex tending to six or seven days in the arrival of the homeward mails from Sydney. This uncertainty would arise from the navigation of the Indian Seas westward. At the same time, it is to be remem bered that the experiment of navigating that ocean in a well-found screw steamer has not yet been tried ; while from the evidence received from masters of sailing ships, who have made the passage at all sea sons of the year, it appears that there can be little doubt of the steamers proposed for this service main taining their engagements. 2. As regards expedition, accommodation, and eco nomy in the conveyance of passengers. It will no doubt be admitted that expedition for passenger purposes is of not so great importance as where postal arrangements are alone to be considered ; but at the same time, as has already been shown, any one of these lines offers nearly equal advantages in this respect. In point of accommodation, the Panama line pro mises a tranquil and regular passage across the Pacific Ocean, the trade winds securing regularity, both on the outward and homeward route. The inconve nience to which the passenger would be subject being the transit across the Isthmus of Panama, including the trouble and difficulty attendant on the tranship ment of heavy baggage in a tropical climat e , a t cer tam periods of the year of a most unhealthy character, though not wholly removed, will be materially dimi nished when the railway, which your Committee have every reason to believe is in the course of construction between Navy Bay and Panama, shall be completed. By this line it is contemplated to carry first-class and intermediate passengers, at the cost of 1051. for the first class and 601. for the intermediate. The Cape line offers to the passenger the advantage of the only direct communication between England and the colonies of Australia, without any chunge of vessel, through a climate comparatively free from the tropical heats of the other two routes. It is true that by this line, at certain periods of the year, some inconvenience may be experienced from the severe weather common to the latitudes to be traversed, but there is no reason to believe that this inconvenience will be as great as that to which passengers by the North American steamers are liable in the winter months. By this time the company state their ability to carry first-class, intermediate, and steerage passen ger, at the same rates as those charged by sailing vessels, namely, 701. first•class outwards, and 801. homeward ; 30/. second-class outward, and 351. home ward ; and 121. steerage passengers ; the latter being the charge at which emigrants are at present con veyed from England to Australia. By the Indian line, the commu n i ca ti on may be more rapid than by either of the two other routes ; but the inconvenience of three transhipments, and of the tropical heats, continued during a much longer period than by the Cape route, together with the probability of crowded vessels, at certain seasons of the year, along those portions of the line traversed by the India and China passengers, render it, as an Australian route, the least preferable, in point of comfort. If any inference can be drawn from the charges now made for the conveyance of first-class passen gers as far as Singapore, to which class this service would be confined, and likewise from the evidence which has been given on the part of the Eastern Steam Navigation Company, your Committee are led to believe they would be considerably higher than by either of the two other lines; indeed, it has been admitted by witnesses —even those most favourable to this route for p o stal purposes—that few persons would be able to avail themselves of the more rapid communication it would afford between England and Australia, it being certain that the ma jority would prefer the longer voyage in sailing ves sels to incurring the cost which a passage by this line would require. 3. Facility, accommodation, and cheapness in re ference to the peculiar kind of merchandise between England and Sydney. passing It has been stated by the promoters of the Panama line that they calculate on little, if any, merchandise being conveyed by this route. It appears to your Committee that the increasing tra f fic across the Pa cific, between California and New Zealand, consists of articles not likely to be conveyed by these steamers, whilst the present cost for transit of merchandise across the Isthmus of Panama would preclude the transmission of any but the most valuable articles. The Cape line, your Committee are led to believe from the evidence they have received, is peculiarly adapted to the carriage of merchandise of such a de scription as would bear a higher rate o f f re i g h t i n consideration of a proportionate increase of speed. The size of the vessels and their construction will enable them to devote a con siderable portion of their tonnage to this object. The inconvenience arising from transhipment on the Panama route, which renders it ioapplicable to the conveyance of mercha ndise, extends to a far greater degree to that by Singapore. Indeed it has been readily admitted, by the promoters of that line, that no goods are expected to be conveyed by the steamers between England and Australia. The trade between India and Australia cannot be said at present to be of any very great extent ; and although with China and th e Indian Archipelago there is a considerable and increasing traffic in teas, sugars,_ and other merchand i s e, it does not seem t o your Committee that the transport of such merchan dise would be aided very materially by means of steam communication, or that it would bear the cost of tran shipment at Singapore. 4. That the line or lines selected should be as free as possible from those political objections which ne cessarily attach to a line dependent on other countries for its communications. The only line before your Committee wholly free from these objections, and entirely under the control of the Government, is that via the Cape of Good Hope, the safety of which depends exclusively uponthe maritime superiority of the empire; whilst the route across the Isthmus of Femme, and the routes through the heart of Europe and Egypt, must always be liable to the interruption consequent upon a breach of friendly relations with foreign powers. As regards the expense to the public necessary for the maintenance of these several lines, it appears io your Committee, on reference to the tenders and to the evidence, that the Panama route would require for its establishment to Sydney alone a grant of 50,000/. in addition to that already paid for that por tion of the line conducted by the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company. To effect the extension of the Cape route, including the cost for intercolonial com munication, about 39,0001. would be required, in ad dition to the sum already granted to the General Screw Company for the present line as far as the Cape of Good Hope ; whilst from the proposals made fox establithin a line fnui §inapre to Sydney it would appear that the public would be called upon to contribute a sum of not less than 60,000/. for full p )wer paddle steamers. It is possible that this line might be carried out at less cost were the auxiliary screw propeller to be sub stituted for the full power paddle; but in such en arrangement the main argument in favour of this line would be weakened, as it would then become impossible to obtain with any certainty that punc tuality and rapidity necessary to insure the perfect combination at Singapore, and render it complete, as a postal line. In referring to the tenders which have been sent in by the various parties who have proposed to undertake these lines, your Committee have regarded theta merely as means of piloting out with distinctness what might be effected upon each route; they consi der that it is a question for the decision of Govern ment, whether, after the evidence which has been taken, it would not be advisable, and a fairer course to the public, to call for fresh tenders for the line which may be selected. In the selection of a line to recommend to the at tention of the Government, your Committee consider that there are objects essential to the welfare of the colonies quite as important as those political conside rations which, in other cases (such as India), render a rapidity of postal communication the paramount object. Your Committee believe that, with a view to the welfare of the colonies, the pre-eminence of any one of the requisites which they have laid down is, on the whole, less important than a due combination of all. They do not consider themselves bound to give the preference to a route merely on account of its fur nishing the most rapid means of postal communica tion; they believe, from the evidence they have re ceived, that there are other great interests involved in this question, affecting not less deeply the develop ment of the rising colonies of Australia, and the inte rests of the empire generally. Your Committee, after maturely weighing the merits of the lines they have had before them, together with the objections which, in the course of this in quiry, have been urged against each, have come to the conclusion that the line proposed to be extended from the Cape of Good Hope to Sydney is the one which combines these advantages to the greatest extent, at the smallest cost to the public. They do not con sider that the gain of six days, which it has been stated in evidence would be obtained by a direct line, not touching at the Cape on the outward passage, is of sufficient importance to justify them in recommend ing its present establishment ; and they believe that the service might be performed in vessels of such a size as would meet the wants of both the Cape of Good Hope and the Australian colonies. Looking at the prospect of remuneration which this line holds out to its promoters, and likewise at the great changes rapidly taking place in the require ments and commercial communications of those dis- tent parts of the world, your Committee would re commend that whatever arrangements may be en tered into, should be for as short a period as may be consistent with the adequate performance of the service. In arriving at these conclusions, your Committee are not blind t o th e mer i ts of the Panama l i ne ; they believe that it wo u ld a ff or d a regular and sufficiently rapid postal communication, securing to the passenger a voyage comparatively free from s t orms , an d a t t h e same time it would bri ng th e r i s i ng colony of New Zealandinto the main line of communication. Neither have they overlooked the importance of the more rapid postal communication which they are led to believe the line via the Straits of Singapore would afford; nor the advantage to the Australian co lonies of opening between Sydney or Adelaide steam communication with the Indian Archipelago. They consider, however, that it has been satisfac torily proved that, by the Cape, postal service with England may be conducted with sufficient regularity and rapidity to meet the present requirements of the colonies ; that it would bring into direct communica tion with each other the principal colonies of Aus tralia; that it would furnish the most economical, and at the same time the least inconvenient means of transit to passengers, including even the labouring classtes ; that it would offer facilities for the transmission of merchandise at a moderate cost, without the inconve nience of transhipment; and that it would establish a line of communication, independent of other na tions, between the mother country and her distant colonies, which might, in the case of any sudden emergency, be useful in keeping open the commu nication between England and her empire in the Esst. Your Committee consider that it is uncecessary to enter into details as to the best mode of giving to the different colonies comprised in the Australian group the full advantages of such communication ; the evi dence which they lay before the House will enable those to whom the arrangements may be entrusted to weigh fairly the respective interests of each ; and in such arrangements your Committee consider that those of New Zealand should certainly not be ne glected. In reference to the establishment of steam commu nication between Singapore and Australia, your Com mittee are prepared to view it as distinct from the question of direct communication with England, having reference to India and the trade of those seas ; and whilst they fully admit the importance of that line, and believe that ere long the increasing requirements of Australia will demand its establishment, they are firm in the opinion that if one line alone is to receive the assistance of the Government, it is not at present of sufficient consideratio❑ to entitle it to be selected as the sole communication between England and Australia. Your Committee hope that each colony will contri bute to give full effect to the establishment of the in tercolonial steam communication necessary to perfect these arrangements. The attention of your Committee has been directed to the effect of payments for contract postal packets on the interests of the general body of shipowners ; and they are of opinion that ample time should be given to encourage full competition ; that the interval between the acceptance of any contract and the com mencement of its performance should be sufficient to enable the contractor to prepare for the duty he has undertaken ; and that the fullest scope possible con sistent with the due performance of the service should be granted in respect to the conditions set forth for the tender. In conclusion, your Committee earnestly press upon the Government the importance of taking immediate steps to effect the object to which this portion of their inquiry has been directed, more especially upon the ground of the ample time for preparation which they consider that the public, in any tender for the ser vice, are entitled to require, so as to enable all com petent parties to compete fur the proposed service. June 5, 1851. THE ATLANTIC AND PACIFIC RAILWAY. On Monday evening Mr. Asa Whitney read a most interesting paper on his gigantic railway scheme be fore the members of the Royal Geographical Society , at King's College. In addition to the ordinary mem bers of the society, there was a full attendance of scientific and professional visitors, both British and foreign, who paid the utmost attention to Mr. Whit• ney's paper. The lecturer embraced the details of the great scheme for connecting the shores of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, which has been already before the public. At the conclusion of the reading a very animated discussion ensued, which may be summed up in the following manner : Mr. R. STLPHSNSON, C.E. stated his opinion that the only diffic u lty, as regarded a long railway, was a commercial one. He had no means of offering an opinion as to the facilities for the execution-of Mr. Whitney's project; but be would take it that what Mr. Whitney himself stated on that point was cor rect, and that the plains abounded with timber and every requisite for constructing the line from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Yet the commercial ques tion outweighed almost everything which Mr. Whit ney had adduced as to the distances ; for, as regarded navigation, it all depended on the amount of money charged for conveying goods from one place to an other, rather than on the number of miles. This was plain from the case of the line by the Isthmus of Suez, as compared with that via the Cape of good Hope to India, owing to the difficulties of navigation in the Mediterranean. The effect was, that the freights of goods from Liverpool to Alexandria ex ceeded those from Liverpool to B3mbay round the Cape of Good Hope. The construction of a railway to sr.ve time, for mails and passengers, was a feasible project, and deserving of the attention of England ; hut with regard to tne opening of a canal, supposing the facilities to be so great, and that, in fact, the money question was as much sunk ai Mr. Whitney supposed it to he sunk as regarded his project, he (Mr. Stephenson) believed that if a canal were made, the commerce between England and India would • not then go by the Mediterranean and the Red Sea. Captain FITZROY, R.N., said his humble opinion as a seaman was, that in the case of the route by Pana ma being opened, the commerce with Asia would, as a matter of course, take that line, for the simple reason that it was the easiest line of navigation with all parts of the world. The commerce of Europe and of the greater part of the North America would find favourable winds to carry it to the Isth mus, And %leo to carry it on its rout. Across the IVIIITSUN ITOLYDAYS. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. Rotation of the Earth, exhibited by Foucault's Experiment. —Roasting, Boiling, and Stewing, &c., by Gas, its great economy, as shown by numerous Ingenious contrivances deposited by the Gas fitters Association.—Electric Eel, the only living specimen in Eu rope.—Lectures on Science with brilliant experiments.—A Lecture on the History of the Harp, by Frederick Chatterton, Esq., with Vocal Illustrations by Miss Blanche Youngs, R.A. of Music.—Two Series of splendid Dissolving Views.—The Diver and Living Bell, &c. Admission, Is.; Schools, Half-price. Admission. One Shilling. On Monday, Wednesday, and Friday, a Venetian Fete. On Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, the Feast of Roses. CREMORNE GARDENS. This Mammoth Establishment is NOW OPEN for the Season, under the direction of Mr. T. B. SIMPSON, with a new Grand Gala, entitled THE FEAST OF ROSES, of a novel and startling description, illustrative of T. Moore's beautiful poem, " Lailah Rookh"—lmmense concentration of talent and attraction— new Fairy Ballet, entitled THE STAR OF BEAUTY; or, The Imp of Fire, composed and produced by llerr Deulin, with entire new scenery, by Messrs. Gray and Devignes —New Tableaux Viv ants, representing the Six Prize Medals of the Exhibition—New Chinese Pagoda—Orchestra and novel Platform, 100,000 feet, brilliantly il luminated, and decorated with luminous flowers—Dancing al Fresco to Borini's celebrated Band—W. G. Pell (the original Bones), De Brenner, and Ledger—The Three Brothers Elliott in their surpris ing exercises—Madame Tallien, the Female Wizard—War Exercises and Domestic Customs of the Bosjesmans, illustrated by a Family of that Tribe, on a new stage, with appropriate scenery—Professor Tay lor and the Double•sighted Youth—Splendid Pyrotechnic display on the Polychrome Palace, by Chevalier Mortram—A new mad intricate Maze—The Gipsey in her Tent—Shooting Gallery and Archery Grounds, and numerous other Entertainments. Mons.Franconi, Director of the Cirque _National de France, and his unrivalled Troupe of Equestrian Artists are engaged, and will appear on Monday next, June 16. Admission, One Shilling—Children Half-price. Doors open at Three. On Sundays, no charge for Admission, except by Refreshment Card, price Sixpence. The Proprietors have made arrangements with the Iron and Ci tizen Steam-boat Companies to convey their patrons to London after the entertainments. OR. LAIKERT ON THE SECRET INFIRMITIES OF YOUTH AND MATURITY. With Plain Directions for their Prevention and Cure. FIFTY COLOURED ENGRAVINGS ON STEEL. published, in French, English, German, Dutch, Spanish, and Italian, in a Sealed Envelope, 2s. 6d., or post-free, from the Author, for forty-two Stamps, QELF-PRESERVATION; a Ly Medical Treatise on the Physiology of Marriage, and on the Secret Infirmities and Disorders of Youth and Maturity, asually acquired at an early period of life, which destroy the physical and mental powers, diminish and enfeeble the natural feelings, and exhaust the vital energies of Manhood ; with Practical Observations on the certain Prevention and successful Treatment of Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, Syphilis, Stricture, and all Diseases and Derangements resulting from Indis cretion, as adopted by Lallemand, Ricord, and other eminent mem bers of the faculty in France. With Fifty coloured Engravings, illustrating the Anatomy, rhysiology, and Diseases of the Re productive Organs, explaining their strictures, uses, and functieas, and the various injuries that are produced in them by solitary habits, excesses, and infection. BY SAMUEL LA'MERT, M.D.. 37, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON. Doctor of Medicine. Matriculated Member of the University of Ndin burgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecaries' Hall, London, Member of the Hunterlan Medical Society of Edinburgh, &c., &c. This work contains a plain and complete description of the ana tomy and physiology of the reproductive organs, and of their relative conditions in health and disease. The author, who has taken the highest medical honours, as evidenced by the diplomas and testimo nials inserted In the work, is the only legally qualified medical man who has exclusively, and for many years, devoted his studies to the treatment of these complaints. He may be consulted with ad vantage by all those whose constitutions may have become debili tated through secret practices acquired im youth, or by the excesses of later years, whereby the pleasures of life are marred, the objects of marriage frustrated, and existence itself rendered a term of un ceasing misery and regret. Published by the Author, and may be had of J. Gilbert, 49, Pater noster-row; Hannay, 63, Oxford-street ; Static, Titchborne-street, Haymarket ; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; Mann, 23, Cornhill, or free by post for forty-two stamps, from the author's residence, who msy be consulted on these disorders personally, or by letter, daily, [rem tan till two.. and from ■ig till eight. ; yid ;&,,.. - •- I 'll , e ) .cs, °44- j . • . r • - ' 4 •4,- vitx • 2 V, • ---, • '"' • 0 44. I j434' • f l ll l "Ti n d //;9- '-?", • 0 ' T ,7, t o .310, 9 '„ ••• •-• , 4*.P, ' •S‘ OIT &4 4' Zii e [PRICE SD. Pacific to the whole of the Australian colonies and Asia generally. Sailing ships, in returning from the Australian colonies or from the south of the Equator, would return by the westerly winds below the tropic, and then through the Isthmus of Panama by the West India Islands, and taking the course home followed by the West India traders, thus avoid ing the Cape of Good Hope and also Cape Horn. That the opening of the Isthmus of Suez would not have the same advantage be believed, for the reasons assigned by Mr. Stephenson, viz., the dangers of that narrow navigation of the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, and also the Indian Ocean. Therefore, the open route to India was preferable for commerce as having less risk. From London to Singapore and from Singapore to Canton by the shortest possible navigable line would of course be (passing by Suez, but not by way of Marseilles or Trieste, but going through the Straits of Gibraltar to Alexandria, and by the Red Sea), he believed 9,500 miles. That was from London to Canton. The nearest possible line from London to Canton, via Panama, would be 13,700 miles on the globe. From London to Canton, via - New York and Oregon, crossing by the proposed railway, would be about 10,000 miles. The nearest possible line from New York to Canton, via Panama, was 11,200 miles. Mr. Whitney said that with re gard to his Pacific Railway, the country for 700 or 800 miles to the westward of the line to which rail ways had yet been carried was almost level ; but then he stated that the region which succeeded that level country was at an elevation of some 7,000 feet. Now, a rise from a level country to a height of 6,000 or 7,000 feet was an elevation altogether unprecedented in railway enterprise. A rise of some hundreds of feet was a formidable obstacle to the engineer ; but to carry a railway through a wild and totally unin habited country, advancing ten miles at a time, would take a very considerable number of years to complete the first 700 or 800 miles. Then, again, with regard to the transport of goods, there was little likelihood of a transhipment, because with the power of steam in the present day water carriage of any distance was a very small expense, and the time was certain ; therefore the prospect of commer cial remuneration in the sequel appeared to be very remote. But he thought Mr. Whitney was mistaken in saying that the voyage could be made from Oregon or Vancouver's Island, across to Canon, with equal facility either way. The voyage could be made from the west side to America without difficulty ; but from the trade winds the voyage in ihe contrary di rection was attended with great difficulty. However valuable the project, therefore, might be to the United States, it could not possibly be of use to Europe and the Asiatic world. It seemed to him to be a question more relating to the United States and the Canadas than to Europe. He had made these remarks with the view of eliciting observations from other gentlemen. The Rev. C. G. NICOLAY said the point in which he differed with Mr. Whitney was as to the greater facility of constructing his proposed railway through United States territory than through British. He had no doubt if Mr. Whitney got his route that the whole of the land would be settled very shortly. But he preferred the northern route for the rail way to the southern, believing that in our territory there were greater mineral resources, and that large fields of labour would be opened up there. Doubt less a great project of that description ought to be for the benefit of the whole world ; but he could not but see that if Mr. Whitney's original plan were carried out, all the local advantage and profit would go to the United States. Colonel LLOYD said it would take 220 years to com plete this project, and we could not afford to wait so long as that. Besides, it would place the whole of our commerce at the mercy of the United States and of our own North American colonies. Another ob jection was, that all our merchandise coming from the tropics, the East Indies, China, and all those parts, would have to traverse so vast an extent of country, and having arrived at New York or Nova Scotia, would have then to undergo the transit to England by a passage which was the most injurious of all to goods during three or four months in the year. Major CARMICHAEL SMYTH thought the project ought not to be exclusively regarded as a route for commerce, but also as affording employment and facilities for the settlement of the people. It had been said it would only benefit Canada and the United States, but what wus an advantage to Canada be could not but regard as equally a bene-fit to England. Mr. VIGNOLES thought they must be content to take the ocean as the cheapest and most economical of high ways, but he was not the less thankful for the magni ficent idea brought before the society that evening, which came well from the great country to which Mr. Whitney belonged. Mr. T. SAUNDERS advocated the carrying out the project through British territory for the settlement of our surplus population, and to divert the stream of ‘migration from the United States. Mr. A. CAMPBELL supported the same view. Sir EDWARD BELCHER, R.N., considered the pro ject untenable as a route for commerce, and thought that if the land was settled, and gold should be found in the interior, the gold would not pay for the expense of carriage to the coast. Mr. Warrsiarbriefly replied, observing that the question bad been greatly misunderstood, in the dis cussion having been turned into a capital and dividend question, with which it had nothing to do, its main objects being settlement and civilization. . The cordial thanks of the society were awarded to Mr. Whitney for his interesting paper, and the meet- ing separated. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. DEATH OF ADMIRAL COCHET. Admiral of the Red John Cochet has been reported as deceased at the advanced age of 81 years. This venerable officer entered the service as early as 1775, rather too early, it would appear, to qualify him for those honours and decorations which were bestowed on younger men, although he served on full pay for 29 years, most of the Limo afloat during the war. The following sketch of his career is from" O'Byrne's Biography :"-This officer entered the navy Dec. 22, 1775, as ordinary, on board the Blonde, 32, Captain Philemon Pownall, with whom, after cruiz ing for some time on the coast of North America, be removed to the Apollo, 32, of which ship be became a midshipman in October, 1778. On the 31st of January, 1779, he assisted at the capture, off the French coast, of the 26-gun frigate L'Oiseau, which only surrendered at the close of a sanguinary action of an hour and a half ; and on June 15, 1780, he further contributed, near Ostend, to the defeat of the French ship Stanislaus, of 26 guns, whose fire killed, including Captain Pownall, six, and wounded 20, of the Apollo's people. From December follow ing, until the receipt of his first commission, August 26, 1789, Mr. Cochet was employed on the American, home, and Mediterranean stations, in the Amphion, 32, Captain John Bazely, Charlestown, 28, Captain Edm. Griffiths, Powerful, 74, Captain Thomas Fitzherbert, and Southampton, 32, Captain Andrew Snape Douglas. In March, 1790,,be joined the Zebra sloop, Captains Hon. Robert Forbes and Wm. Brown, and in December, 1792, on his return from the Mediterranean, the Phaeton, 38, Captain Sir A. S. Douglas. After sharing in the capture of various vessels, amongst which were Le General Dumourier privateer-her prize, the St. Jago * a Spanish galleon of immense value-and La Prompte, of 28 guns, he removed to the Queen Char lotte, 100, bearing the flag of Earl Howe, with whom he served in the action of June 1, 1794. Having ob tained the rank of commander May 27, 1795, Captain Cachet, January 4, 1796, joined the Rattler, 16, and on the Gth of May following , when in company with the Diamond, 39, took, off Cherbourg, Le Pichegru privateer, of 10 guns and thirty-four men. O n De cember 9, 1796, he was posted in the Abergavenny, of 50 guns, in which ship we find him superintending the naval arrangements at the evacuation of Port-au- Prince, St. Domingo. He was subsequently ap pointed, June 14, 1698, to the Thunderer, 74; and, January 11, 1799, to the Valiant, 74. In the latter ship he returned to England with a large convoy, and was placed on half-pay, May 30, 1799. After which he officiated with great credit, especially at the battle of Maids, as principal agent for trans ports in the Mediterranean, from May 2, 1805, until June, 1810. He commanded next the Ardent, 64, at Bermuda, from March 3, 1813, until April, 1814 ; and lastly performed the duties at Halifax of resident agent for transports and prisoners of war , from the latter date un til May, 1815. Admiral Cochet, who has not been since employed, became a rear-admiral August 12, 1819 ; a vice-admiral July 22, 1830 ; and a full admiral November 93,1841. He married, first, May 19, 1796, Miss Charlotte Jefferys ; and secondly, July 15, 1811, Lydia, widow of Captain Long, o f the 89'h Regiment, which lady died Sept. 9, 1839. By the death of Admiral Cochet the following pro motions take piece:- Vice-Admiral of the Red George M'Kinley ( an octogenarian), to be Admiral of the Blue vice Sir Thomas Livingstone, Bart., to be Admiral of the White, vice H. R. Glynn, to be Admiral of the Red. Rear-Admiral the Hon. Sir Anthony Maitland, C. 8., K.G.M.G., to be Vice-Admiral of the Blue, " The treasure of silver, &c., found on board this vessel, was conveyed to the Bank from Portsmouth in twenty-ona viaggens, and was estimated at a million sterling. vice Sir F. Mason, K.C.13., to be Vice-Admiral of the White, vice Sir Charles Malcolm, to be vice -Admiral of the Red. Captain Arthur Fansletwe sted(Oct. 17, 1 816), ex- Commodore and Commacen-Chief on the coast of Africa, to be Rear-Admiral of the Blue, vic e w. F. Carroll, C. 8., to be Rear-Admiral of the White, vice Phipps Hornby, C. 8., to be Rear-Admizel of the Red, Retired Captains Arthur Philip Haaeiltoe, Daniel Lawrence, Robert Henry Rogers, sed George Bent ham, by virtue of their seniority, become entitled to the rank of retired rear-admirals, but without increase of pay. Captain Houston Stewart, C.B. (1817), one of the Lords of the Admiralty, is now the senior capt a i n on the active list. By the promotion of Rear-Admiral Fanshawe the appointment of a naval aide-de-camp to the Queen reverts to the patronage of the First Lord of the Ad miralty. Captain R. L. Baynes, C.B. (1833), becomes one of the senior captains, and Captain W. H. Henderson, C.B. (1838), comes within the second senior list. ARRIVAL OF THE WEST INDIA FLAG-CHIP WEL.. LESLEY.—The Wellesley, 72, Captain George Gold smith, with the fl .g of Admiral the Earl of Dune donald, G.C.B. (blue at the main), arrived at Spit head on Tuesday, from Bermuda, having been re lieved by the Cumberland, 70, Vice- Admiral Sir George Seymour. The Wellesley came in through the Needles—not a common passage for a ship of the line. The Gallant Admiral landed at Portsmouth late in the evening. The Sprightly, steam-tender, was placed yesterday at the di sposa l of the Noble and Gallant Admiral, and he landed at the dockyard about eleven o'clock, accompanied by Captain Goldsmith and his flag-lieutenant, to payhis respect s t o t h e port admiral, the Hon. Sir Bladen Capel. Lord Dundonald dined at the George Hotel, Portsmouth, yesterday, and it was expected would strike his flag at sunset, the Wellesley proceeding to Sheerness, wher e t h e ship will ba paid off. DEPARTURE OF THE TURKISH SQUADRON.---The Turkish frigate Mirati Zafre and the Turkish brig Surai Bahir took their departure for Constaetinople yesterday, -getting under weigh at Spithead at ten Bothe...e i. , having vessels hoisted saluted th gsh red eligarrisoennsi\gn with at h twenty-one te fore. guns, which was returned by the platform battery. The wind being light from the southward, they had to beat out, but were out of sight at Ave P.M. Hogue, 60, screw-ship, Captain M'Dougal, weighed at one rev. at Spithead yesterday, and proceeded outside the Nab light, under steam. She then made sail for Cork. It is probable this ship will go to Lisbon. Ajax, GO, screw-ship, Captain Quin, also weighed at one r.m. and steamed out • when last . seen she was still under steam, steering down Channel for Cork, where she will remain, still having a reduced com plement of men. Commodore Lord John Hay returned to Devon port Dockyard, from leave, on Monday evening, a n d rehoisted his flag on board the St. Georg e on Tues day morning, and resumed his duties in the dockyard. Caledonia, 120, Captain Carter, is hourly ex _ pected at Davonport, from the Mediterranean, to b e paid off. PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY AYTERNOON.--The Nile, Indianian, for Calcutta, sailed this morning. The Sir Robert Peel, American packet, arrived this morning, and will sail to-night for New York. ROYAL MARINES. PORTSMOUTH, JUNE 1 1.—First Lieutenant C. F. Menzies, son of Colonel-Commandant Menzies, 11.11, of the Portsmouth division, is appointed Superin tendent of the Company of Gentlemen Cadets on board the Excellent gunnery ship, in succession to First Lieutenant Alexander of the Royal Marine Artillery, who disembarks. First Lieutenant Driver, of the Portsmouth divi sion, proceeds in the contract mail packet of the 19th to fill the vacancy in the flag-ship Queen in the Me diterranean. Woonwicu, Jogs 11.—The Meg era, 10, iron. screw steam-frigate, left Sheerness on Saturday last, and worked very satisfactorily until Mr. Humphrys, chief engineer at Woolwich Dockyard, quitted her, after satisfying himself that the machinery was in good order, according to external appearance and working capability ; but he had not left the vessel long to return to Woolwich when her engine crank broke, and the Hecate steam-sloop, Commander Hand, was sent from Portsmouth to take the Megrera in tow and return with her to Sheerness. The Brisk steam-sloop has been jury-rigged here, and is expected to leave Woolwich to-morrow in charge of Mr. C. P. D. Bean, of the Fisgard, and a party of men, who will navigate her to Greenock, to have her engines put in by Scott and Sinclair. The Barracouta steam-sloop, in charge of Mr. Brown, assistant-master-attendant at Devonport, is daily ex pected here. " Ways" have been sent up from Woolwich to be attached to the flighflyer screw steam-sloop, building at Bluckwall, preparatory to her being launched during the next spring tides. Vessels in Duck—The Pluto, Mittler, and Fury steam-vessels. In the Harbour—The Fis.gard flag-ship, Blaok Eagle, Lig,htuing, Monkey, Zephyr, and Furious steam-vessels. In the Basin—The Trident, Dwarf, Antelope, Minx, Hydro, Greenock, Brisk, and Shearwater seam-ves,,els. PLYMOUTH, WICDNESDAY.--lier Majesty's stem. frigate Devastation arrived this morning from Ports mouth, having passed the Wellesley off the Needles as she came out. The Devastation takes the Devon port soy to Bermuda, and then proceeds to North America. The Right Hon. Lord John Hay returned on Mon day from leave of absence, as Commodore Superin tendent of the Devonport dockyard, and on Tuesday hoisted his broad pennant on board her Majesty's ship St. George. _ Her Majesty's steam-sloop Triton , Lieutenant- Commander C. J. P. Gli n , emp l oyed on mail service in the Mediterranean, arr i ve d yesterday afternoon, and went up harbour, but was sent back to Baru. Pool, where she is now waiting orders. Her dates are—Port Mahon, May 29; Gibraltar, June ; Lisbon sth, s a il e d Gth . L y i ng at Gib ra lt ar , her Ma jesty's ships Prince Regent, Phaeton, Arethusa, Dauntlesq, and Janus ; the French line-of-battle ship Henri IV., and a small French steamer of war. Her Majesty's ships Arrogant and Leander said on the sth on a cruise. The Triton has brought the follow ing passengers:—Dr. Heckett, Inspector of Hospi tals, Gibraltar, and three daughters; Miss Colin Smith, Lady Georgina and Lady Olivia Stratford, the Rev. Mr. Mahony, Lieutenant Godfrey Cooper,, 44th Regiment, on leave ; and 13 seamen and marines, invalids. It is understood that the Triton has oanbaoagrdunlheer body of Lord Cottenham , brou g ht fro m Italy, for In. termen t. Corporal Wilson , Roya l Artillery, n Evans, stationed at Bovisand battery, lost their lives on Friday night last , on returning from Devonp or t in a boat, the bows of which were stove in whil e A unaer canvas, near White-patch, Stsddon heights, DREADFUL COLLIERY EXPLOSION NEAR BARNSLEY. This neighbourhood seems to have attained a pain ful degree of notoriety by the frequency, fatality, and extent of its colliery explosions. In March, 1847, the fearful explosion at the Ardsley Main "- fiery occurred, when about 80 persons, men and boys, were suddenly launched into eternity, and many a family rendered desolate. Scarcely had the remem-. brance of this been effaced from the public mind, when in the early part of 1849 there occurred another at the Da:ley Main Colliery, in the immediate v i c i n i ty of of tho Ardsley Main. The second was affseteetrsnas them its force and as blighting in its desolating the neighbourhood but there was scarcely a family in first. Upwards of 80 lives were lost . bythis catastrophe respect or other. but suffered bereavement somein n wa s becoming of "the the neighbourhood The memory of this last by an explosion at a was startled on Mon .ist y e things that were," w he d n a a ls s o uddenly vicinity of the scenes of This explosion has proved colliery in the immediate The proprietors of the f t e h t o e s l e a to ll u d threee d t . o npk a el b ur o sg v o nag . new shaft, with which they were d sl f a vourably, and got a considerable were pro colliery On n the shaft as usual to pursue their cus tomary morning three man vocation, carrying lighted candles in tomarytheir, Th e y had scarcely reached the bottom of tbs had c d e e e P d t hi p i). r g o progressed s hand:. when a tremendous explosion ensued, whi ch strucka terror to the hearts of those who heard it. The rope by which the men 'had been lowered was immediately drawn out of the pit, when a shocking sight presented itself. The bodies of two of the un fortunate men were found attached to the chain by which they had been lowered, but they were burned to a cinder. The body of the third manad be wenasblo mis sing. There can be no doubt that he by the force of the explosion from itbehchain by which wa to the bottom. One was being lowered, and hal i pitx is the One of the unfortunate men had ff' h i e e e n n n in four previ ous explosions which have occurredTA'o of these were the neighbourhood of late yearasn.d Darley Mains. with explosions in the Ardsle y_ respect to the causeof the explosion, it is thought the shaft had opened up a that the miners in sinkingwith some old workings. Through this the fissure communicfatuini foul into the new shaft, and on air which had been there accu mulating found a coming in cont ac t with the lighted candles of the workmen ignited THE LATE ACCIDENT ON THE MIDLAND COUNTIES EAu wAT.—Yesterday a large reward was offered for the ap pe-drrtrer rehenion of Samuel . t.etton, of Derby, the engin on theseidland Counties r Railway, charged on the verdict of the coroner's jury with the manslaughter of John Meynell, E s q., and Mr. J. Blake. Stretton absconded immediately after the catastrophe, and is believed to be trying W got Out of she G9WattrY% • vt ,„. 4:49 • 7.1, al of jury ) by [l, 0 pro plyer tire, obS i for seep cons in vs )lbw 64 :tbs. reef od sd od 6d