The Sun. — London, England, 1845-01-13 00:00:00

MONEY AND COMMERCIAL N . i.: iii , S There CITY, QUARTER TO THR EE. tuba •was no change i n C o t ton nt Li verpool on Sa • Sales, 4,00 0 b a l es, of which 500 to exporters. ---"A air bustness was done in Shares at about previous ratec—Birmingham and Gloucester, 1034 104 ; Cam bridge a nd Lincoln, 2/. 17s. 6d. 2/. 18s. 9d. ; Chester and irkenhead, 3631 • ChernetiValley, 4i; Direct Northern, 2,,i; Eastern Counties, 1; -- 4- , 7 • Edinburgh and Glasgow, e2i-; 'lalgovv, Dumfries, and Carlisle, li ; Grand Junction, 927 226 ; 151 Grt Ditto, Halves, 113 ; G reat N orth of England, ; ea Western, 1664 ; Ditto, halves, 97 ; ~,98Lancaster and Carlisle, 14i; Liverpool and Manchester, I'll:; Kendal and Windermere, 4/. Is. ; London and ginghm Quarter Shares, 264 ; Ditto and South restecn• Ne ' w, 81 ; Lynn and Ely, 2i; Manchester and ''''es 14; Midland Counties. 118 ;;Ditto, 404 Shares, e,,,ctii;nesi/Intn,ee'rw,lc49a7Bll;e and Berwick, 8; North Kent, 38-; North 9S97;ttish Central, 2i; Sheffield and Man i+ L South-Eastern, 42,f i; Ditto, New, T 'Lyons and Avignon, 2/ 155., 24 14s. 6d.; . Orlean!, N° ern itad Bo rdeaux, 7,i i; Boulogne and Amiens, 41, orthern of si There • ran"' 6. .are in several of tho private letters and papers s last received from Calcutta some very interesting item Rion ex i t e i ti ll s r i ° o r n m more immediately connected with the Th e . agricultural pursuits in that vast continent. P r tos,, sworthy and persevering efforts of the Govern eMent o f India to encourage and extend the growth of the a nd plant were rapidly in the course of development, a the results at no very distant period are likely to be of 4 most important and beneficial character. In the been of the growth of linseed, too, rapid strides have pi : °lade. An import into Hull, that has just taken to e ' i 3 8 ° good in quality, according to a circular sent tia ns• that it is at the highest market value— sea 47 8. per quarter. The finest Black Pe 4 t e „1,413" d was quoted at 465. to 475. for knirgh ordinary & c ., 40s. to 425. ; the same price 43 - 8. "Igsberg and kiga; and Archangel at 40s. to th e ,11?er quarter. When it is recollected how great is its, Btft nee to bring the seed from Bombay and Cal tno it! ceeipared with the northern portsjof Europe,. it tre",,,q,"vell affirmed that our East Indian population Tht,-"'"ng rapid strides in improvements and industry. 74 0 ;kW market at Hull was firm at from 6/ 10s. to leltsLe° for African qualities. 'The last arriva tro ls m o the rii'u,_Was held for hi her prices. At Liverpoo l a C . okillittruktiet for Guano is retty firm, the news from the Intkoet, er of the Queen's ship on the station having Insitieci7t,hat not more than 90,000 to 100,000 tons re off the ;,u b etaken off; and that there were British ships ih e ' s ' and to take all of it on board. forist. accounts from Madrid fully confirm the in- Go v . kml received at the close of last week, that the Wit had had succeeded in effecting an of arrangement co ki u d e Bivank Madrid f or supp li es to pay the forth -,egdividends on the Three per Cents. This bank Sp ain m ake a pretty picking out of the Treasury of the , and the question is naturally asked, howlon to g k ne syste m i s to go on ? Some people wish . te a ' if the Finance Minister pays in illicitly : ecb,l.lterl stock ? An answer to the question in wo t ul i d s . ' l ee not a few i nterested, as creditors of Spain, h elty . b h I E,. tioyal decrees to confirm contracts so made cost ri._ Ottle expense or trouble in the drawing up and sign igi,:.nt it is feared that the National Debt of the country similar op. b eing Most unduly augmented by this and -rat ions. I,(elrtn,litaerereh,afvreobeen some accounts received at the Hall of ni South Australia, to the 31st of August. h rh "Ps this is the information, that it was . intended y s' Government to place one uniform duty on imports of .__P:r cn. The revenue of this colony, ending in June, 'IT: anted to 8,934/ There are some accounts from ettl/1' Zealand, b t they are not of any interest. The , i sts are repreusenta as being very badly off. l ib ! ' has always been ourdCsire to promote as far as pos. 1 G ay a a the employment of capital in the formation of rail and other public improvements in the sister Isle. eider erefore we think the following extract from the cir i Mr. John Wills sent to us this morning descry trt'R attention :.---"In Ireland there are yet no such in (ZBt4 to claim the protection of Government p a Writer had previously dilated upon the - 1 i• g lah lines) and, therefore, where there is B,C°hzaPetition, it t is the ompetition between one embryo G a l a and another- for example, the ' Dublin and 1,71*11Y against the ' Mullingar ' and the ' Dublin the' Cashel ' extensions to Limerick and Cork, against or direct ' Cork and Limerick,' Hence the plain duty tet2lol.oard of Trade will be so far as Ireland is concerned, n:onsider which of the competent schemes offer the most a ,„ e rl,7 and cheapest means of communication, which are ' - ` 1 °e Connected by the formation of railways ; and where, as in the case of the Cork and Limerick (Vig ,,ll°,les' line), two of the most important cities (the metro- With van excepted) are propo'sed to be connected by a line few engineering difficulties, only sixty•one miles in s , en t th, whilst the Cashel Company is nearly eighty-one ; - ""es in length, it is hardly to be supposed that such an "'"OL, 44 Partial tribunal as the Board of Trade will sanction the g line,with greater engineering difficulties, to the shorter ' ll e, which is proved to be in every respect superior as 1, means of unitin g the two great citi es alluded to.' e reover, the 'Direct Cork and Limerick' terminus in "tit will be in the centre of the city, on Camden Quay, aa it:4 a dvantage that cannot b e estimated too highly, in a 4 . ercial point of view, whereas the terminus of e b . tl yal will be one mile and 100 yards from any of the •,..,j,, loo.naols for the Account have been very steady at ‘t t I , and the sam e f or M oney, the former value ruli t ng Per ,"4lr,esent moment. Th e N ew Th ree- and-a-Quarter 1, tc,* h ave been done a t 104 ; E xchequer Bills at %2 I n 1 3 ' premium; and the Three per Cents. Reduced 21;: l a 4 e 5.11 , 1, Chili_ 44 1 i o' l the Foreign Market have been various. lo 1411 Ronde has been sold at lf per cent, premium. Pe t - ,P ilee - , t 4 sve fallen from 1013- to 1001; Columkan -91-e","ese Co Mexican at from 344 to 35i i. The Three'''' No ne " 4 erted Bonds have fallen from 60i to Pe r r e Per 6 et Y and to 59i for the Account. Spanish k ,:sts, At ,t.,baVe been flat at 26k 1., and the Three e . Et e t his iiii--"6t. In general the market has been the pe("ttid,7l, ing. f 1 , 14 e e" L ' e arnount of business has been done in : 4°4 ' of a; - "ares t da:y If anything, the tone is in (xeNteiallYl-0111. troeroN°:ernen't, the demand being good BRI list of tne Irish and the French lines. The cor " lI II'IeT. °Seild quotations are annexed. ea k•p e - N - '-'S THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. „ Per c oil ,. itProm the Official List.) ",Per e, ' educed Annuities loo7i, 15tv,317. Console Anna iooA t o _ g 4 Per Cent. Annuties lloto7ities• Expire sth Jan. 1860 l2 3-16% 0,) 41'8, Expire Oct.lo, 1859 l2 t baels forolietiti9Pening , ............ 10 0 14% 1,,,_ . er ga ls. IN d. I%d. . cio:: ..................... pm. bitt o s •••••• ..... .. ..... Dit to Anlell .... ''' .... PP•let . 'd%-er tised ..... pm. Op FORE IGN .. ••• •••••• Chiliall FUNDS AT ONE O'CLOCK. Colt,b.ids, 6 per Cent q IttbeT,te.triroEnecisaciesicB3.o-4:t ....... .!.e.. ......... 131144 11414%1174: r'r ' .port'tto Deferred Stock Ih tl t gizeB e Bonds, 5 per Cent -- , . to Converted srebriitto tfor the AcetZi.. Di _ o nds • 5 per Cent., 1840 26 e k oa i' - ' ) . 'le for the Account ' nto Deferred 16 Dit 3sper Cent ,_ D Dit toiouteh ~i for L. Account. bittO P e r Cen. .............. , P/1 1 ,,,, per c ent , • k.,ertificates 4'..,,. pp Jr. OF s t , ' l) i . 'l l ogh, t ` rii 4ll .W Ays. 14-attES AT ONE O'CLOCK. k i , t 0, 1,„ it tid Gl PAID. PER S t I o IAM Illikt,,l4l"'" oucester 100 lO3 (: -- , 4 - tz' ............. 17 1 4 2 5 14 to tkle d &NI (1 , er ... . , ]ft 01 i i.,._ • 1011(. afar, : ......... ,0 dehtablie. ... ........ 30 ...... 41% 'st, t , Re and Li . : .......... 5 Ct io ,,_ • It tid , eoin .... li 2% to 3 417 Vitile'elYhoad .......... i /2 5%% to .--- % b O, p Coiltitta• ................... 2 ...... 4 - to I4t ~ert,et. .. ......... .. 23 5, l6 15% to 16% I) ,,itt:Z.rttl u ter Ct. x o i' , I i to ate to " el! siiarneagland .... .. :100?) ' l4 l4B 1 bi t I Ve" tt 'i .... , .. • .......... 5 26 1,,,, tt e, ~ er r , • ............. 2 t,,,;e,5 4 :1 let S i '" ' i• es . ........... 80 ...... 166 Ve t op a'„aed.(•,‘r ......... 50 ...... 96N to 1 4 :i to \ ! 1 (1)3,,,,_ _. 8 a1e... ..... 10 Ct,,,!(lott -.2avrtilT"Leghititt ..lc() o ndo s _ga(lll.. cos ...... 4 figh t ...... 2 i e Lion 114 (;re ° I L., ..... 50 ..... 50% 3 / 4 % to 4t to L ) 1 \ 11(1 . Soult4kwich :... 12 3 / 4 .... 10%1/ b it 4 1 oe'' 91 1'.. ''" Western . 41A ... 5 1 . 84, and 10ck ...... • •••• • • 1 ,eq e ; .. .. .. ..... ..„.. 6 4 to )t eittitot/ s and Lee.,;•... ...... 2 1 / 2 ... .. 4 e, *41112 hare_ , , . ,43 ......... 70 ...... Nti_... .... a. .............. 30 ...... 5 2 1 %, to s<'gptloika bartin•gt..o.... ..... 100 ...... 118% ''\ 41. 1 %4 4 ' lll 13e rw ! I dunc. 24 ....•• 63 1 / 2 65 to 64 1 ,4 61:Nittespti and ah . 'elk • ..... 1% ...... 8 4, tas"ie•r7,.... ...... 7% ...... 10 1 !Ilet,te.,v%•'_';(llVe,st v a e,,..--..,.. 45 ...... 59 No„ liitit,,l'iver,, bli-,,n,lwiltt": 1 .... 2 A ze""1::11 and ijo•v4-ri2n. 214 . ....... 2•31/2 ▪ to %Ap t Wi t t ........ er • 7 33% ...... 42 It,L tits Valles .......... .. ...... 4 ...... 14/ % to I) t ,ail t t ;' ...... : ........... . 2 3 1 ... iti,3et.i'rZth iiicifoal••••cc••• 2/.:'.•.... 9,04 I 115 t ktt n r 3 7 o lll ran c e ... Ili 5 1 ° 0 -....— ..... . to %, t ilte r , II ...... 32%3/4 ▪ to , fplit , ,,e 4 ,, pi . .. ... _-:,_•• --- ...... 12 i. a 81. 11 f A ra ' ....... p. 2 4y% E, Ao illa qi . 0 nc. . .... g ... to lAN . ' itt lq i o 'er2 o4 ... 7 ... ... 1 ...... 6% 3 / 4 _ to , g s „,, :dea tiz ... 7-, ...... 10? to S'Atc t ,, '‘" - 14 al o ..... e. 2 ...... 7 g ta Altatyi 4 l , ta s ...... 1 4.•. ...... 244 t iv 1 busin g aa doing, the market closing IN Cio • t itt., ttle,, . 5 , ,, 4. ( 4 , , , t0, x ... , .. ............................... 15% i4,,ttaer lai .,d A rin2►i n...... 4........................ 245. 6d. Mb ,9l, o a arter ISt iar __ Oa 111, ................. e t. . ca .......................... 5 1 3-16 ....... .............................. eate .. . ........ 1.. v ,\ ~,,, ~ eat .. • .... 15 1 1 e1.,,5tih er `'! !?r, ..... ... ................ • ..... 13 \ , i.theem! N I ; , ,e! r rane e ... ...................... 5r N 1 1 . 1 4 3 11 ' 4- Ick• and Preston ....... 2 ork fshite . , ................... ...................... 84 aitt / ti , tll t ____...%.t..._____ ....... ... ................ 5%% ........... Ne le h °l •ls t i, ll _, , '•••---____..-7.,_____..,..._„±71., S_ Th'.llk'(lar!ols turicll.t9resented the Rev. S. J. Good eo' tk,`kton,Y,' e Dean of Carlisle Cathedral, to els s o t 1 1 . c o _ 1.13. this county. q ~, I . r rd 4), las e] Lowther arrived at Lowther M . It hci t tck ttiterianrrt, and has since been joined there by • I ve r ' lie ess 4 , 4- ' o vither. 4° - "I I ) le t llcl''l4'---On Saturday last the Princess , 4, 41 „t , ' o gne at ten . ''' tiTe t,eassti,„„ o'clock in the morning, de- JO t t'vee t , j r's at Folkston°, and returned to Pit ' la t) °v er j nit beror Z g , 44 tlt t en e the arrival of' the boat ~ , ti , 0, . o clock the same morning. '''''" It t ,''' ha s ' Letrister's :youngest son, Lord Clcuo 41 tioltfred the household Brigade, as cotee, ' Qunrcla Blue. :ore ) ! ruled ° b e de , 4310 I 01° Off OP! SPECIAL MESSAGE Or TILE wl~~ THE StTN , LONDON, MONDAY' PITENTENG, JANUARY 13 1 PRESIDENT TO CONGRESS. EUROPEAN IN TERFE RENCE IN AMERI CAN AFFAIRS. We have received private intelligence from London and Paris of such a nature as to warrant a belief that the European Powers are actually contemplating the policy of interfering in American affairs, and di recting the movements of this continent, on the same principles and with the same views as they have been managing the affairs of Europe during the present century. This will be indeed a new and interesting movement in political affairs connected with this country, to which the attention of the American people must be called in no trifling degree. The excuse for this European interference in Ame rican affairs, grows out of the movement made in this country for the annexation of Texas. The British Government dare not carry their opposition to an nexation to such an extent as to endanger the peaceful relations between the two countries. Their own ma nufacturing and commercial interests, and, indeed, we may say their internal peace, are so dependant on the maintenance of friendly intercourse with this country, that any interruption of it would be a most essential evil to them. In order, however, to check the pro gress and power of the United States on this conti nent, and to limit the moral influence which the Re public exercises in Europe, we have little doubt but the British Government are endeavouring to form a coalition, on the part of the European Powers, for the purpose of intimidating our Government and prevent ing the annexation of Texas to this confederacy, or the extension of our territory to the Pacific, where we might interfere with England, Russia, and other Powers. Ohio Sermte, to whom was referred the subject of the disabilities of people of colour under the existing laws of the State, have reported in favour of the repeal of said laws.—New York Herald. Mr. Clay has emancipated his personal servant, Charles. The deed of emancipation is as follows : " Know all men by these presents, that I, Henry Clay, of Ashland, for and in consideration of the fidelity, at tachment, and services of Charles Dupe) , (the son of Aaron, commonly called Charles, and Charlotte), and of my esteem and regard for him, do hereby liberate and emancipate the said Charles Dupey, from this day, from all obligation of service to me, or my representatives, investing him, as far us any act of mine can invest him, with all the rights and privileges of a freeman. " In testimony whereof I have hitherto set my hand and affixed my seal, this 9th day of December, in the year of our Lord, 1844. H. CLAY. (Seal.) " Sealed and delivered in the presence of Thomas H. Clay." Five years since Charles travelled through Canada with Mr. Clay, and declined all solicitations to leave him. Mr. Clay has waited until the election was over, to avoid, as far as possible, the imputations of base-minded men.—New York Herald. I The steam-ship Liverpool arrived in the 'Jersey on Saturday at a quarter past one. Our correspon dent Iris forwarded us a file of the New York Herald up to the 24th December, from which we make the following extracts : (From the New York Herald of Dec. 24.) WASHINGTON, DEC. 17.—The plot is thickening, and it is impossible to predict what the morrow may bring forth. It is now, however, pretty well ascer tained that Texas will not be annexed during the pre sent session of Congress. The antagonist projects brought forward by Messrs. Benton and M`Duffy will nullify each other; and if this were not so, the very extraordinary nature of the diplomacy between the United States and Mexico on the subject would produce that effect. Many of the most decided friends of annexation are brought to a stand by the difficulty and delicacy attaching to the measure in consequence of the threatening and portentous character of the correspondence. I advise you that to-morrow will usher forth a message from the President of the most angry and menacing nature—a quasi war message. The Cabinet are in council on the subject to-day, and perhaps the vote has now been taken on it, after ' considerable discussion by several members of the Cabinet. United Sta„es w.ll Le in the (~xerciis,i of an t: Adouliteil right ; and if Mexico, not regarding that forbearance, ' shall aggravate the injustice of her conduct by a declara tion of war against them, upon her head will rest all the responsibility. JOHN TYLER. Washington City, Dec. 19. 1844. LITERATURE. lac is kto toodhe, record Edi n bu o rg f h, a l v B i 4 s s i t . JOURNAL. OF A CLERGYMAN. This Journa l ß paid to the Peninsula by the author, the Rev. AV. Robertson, minister of the New Greyfriars, Edinburgh, in the summer and autumn of the year 1841. The Journal, on the whole, is carefully written, but there is a languor and heaviness in some of the descriptive sketches, as if the author's heart was not in his sub ject, which may perhaps be accounted for by the state of his health, which he tells us in his preface, "owing to the influence of climate and other causes, was such as to weaken the energies of both body and mind." His destination was Gibraltar, which he was induced to visit at the instance of the Colonial Committee of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. On his way thither he paid flying visits to Lisbon, which he calls " the filthiest capital in Europe," Cadiz, and Seville, whose local peculiarities he describes in a more animated style than is usual with him. On the subject of Gibraltar, its scenery, excavations, bat teries, street-population, &c., he is very minute and circumstantial; and we quote his account of a mili tary execution which took place soon after his arrival in that town : " There was a gloom overhanging Gibraltar at the time of my arrival, owing to a circumstance happily of very rare occurrence—a court-martial on a soldier ac cused of a capital crime. The criminal was an English man, a very tine young man, a private in the 7th Fusiliers. He had hitherto borne a most excellent character, and was a good soldier. Love and jealousy seem to have turned the poor fellow's brain. The object of his affec tions was a woman employed in the mess-kitchen—a person of very indifferent reputation ; 'at the very time said to be enceinte by another man. He had bad a con siderable sum of money bequeathed to him by a relation in England, and it was his intention to purchase his dis charge from the army, make this woman his wife, and return to settle in his native country. The woman had promised to marry him; but persisted, notwithstanding his remonstrances, in keeping up an intercourse with another admirer. The consequence was, that in a fit of jealousy and madness he stabbed her with a knife in the side; the wound proved mortal, and the unhappy woman expired very soon after. The court-martial sat for several days; and had not finished its proceedings at the time of my arrival. Malice prepense was proved against the soldier, chiefly from the circumstance of his calling the woman aside into a room, shutting the door, and making it fast with a bench before he gave the fatal blow. He was found guilty accordingly, condemned to death, and was executed on the neutral ground on the morning of 23d July. It is described as having been a most impressive scene. The whole garrison, with the exception of those on guard, were marched out to the ground in solemn silence. The gibbet was erected on the neutral ground; and when the troops had arrived at the place appointed, they were formed into three sides of a square, the scaffold occupying the centre of the vacant side. The criminal was then marched handcuffed round the square, inside the ranks—the Dead March playing, and the chaplain reading the service. It was observed how regularly the poor soldier, from the force of old habit, kept time to the music; and when he happened to be put out, how he changed the step, though his whole mind seemed occupied by the religious service. The steps to the fatal scaffold were exceedingly steep and ill constructed ; but even with his fettered hands he as cended calmly and firmly without assistance. After the execution the body was laid on the top of the coffin, and the troops were marched slowly by it in single file, with the order eyes right,' as they passed, so as to force every soldier to contemplate the ghastly spectacle. It is said that many, b >th officers and men, shed tears on the occasion. lam at a loss to divine the reason why the soldiers should have been compelled to contemplate the body of their comrade after the execution. Such exhi bitions produce no good moral effeet, but serve only to disgust, and to excite sympathy for the criminal, instead of indignation against his crime. There was no executioner in Gibraltar at the time ; but the office was accepted by a private of the 46th Regiment, who received his discharge beforehand, and was duly installed in the honourable office of hangman to the garrison, with free quarters in the old Moorish tower, a salary of eighteen. pence per day, together with a doubloon, and the usua, perquisites, when called upon to perform his duty." Such is the amount of the information which we have received ; and we believe there is a great deal of truth in these representation s . 'When the recent dip lomatic developments relative to Mexico shall have reached Europe, we have no doubt this plan of the foreign Governments will be more fully matured, and that we shall hear more of it by the next arrival. The power and progress of this country have struck terrors into the very hearts of the monarchies of Eu rope, and we have no doubt that great things will soon spring out of the position which the two continents at present occupy. MONEY MARKET. MONDAY, DEC. 23.—Notwithstanding the un favourable advices received from Europe by the last steamer, the St oc k M ar k e t t o -d ay was quite firm, and prices had an upward tendency. Erie Railroad, Canton Co., Farmers' Trust, Pennsylvania Fives, Indiana U. S. Bank and Reading, closed firm at Saturday's prices. Norwich and Worcester fell off + per cent. ; Stonington, ; Morris Canal, ; while Mohawk advanced 2 per cent.; Long Island, 1+; Ohio Sixes, Illinois, 13. The transactions were not very large, but we cannot conceive how it is pos sible the market can be sustained. The accounts from the other side, in relation to the Cotton Markets, were of so unfavourable a nature as to forbid the slightest hope that those in anticipation will be more satisfac tory. The immense supplies that have been produced in all parts of the world, and the moderate increase in the consumption, from year to year, must leave a sur plus at the close of the season larger than ever before known. It is the knowledge of this that will influ ence prices all through the season. We do not yet know the extent of the new crop in this country. It may possibly reach three millions of bales. COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT. (FROM OUR CORRESPOND ENT .) RABBITS.---At the half-yearly rent audit of G. 11. Ward, Esq., of Northwood-park, Isle of Wight, on Wednesday last, a letter, signed by the whole of the tenantry, was presented to the steward (Mr. Joserl Squire, of Yarmouth), thanking him for having, at the request of the tenants, ordered the rabbits on their re spective farms to be killed. Only about half the grounds have yet been trapped, but 4,000 of these vermin have been taken, and the tenants have destroyed in their litters 2,000 more, making 6,000, and this in a highly cultivates!, heavy-rented, taxed, and tithed district. If each rabbit destroyed only four ounces of herbage in twenty .four hours, it would amount to 547,500165. in the year. At least 4,000 more are expected to be taken, destroying 365,0001b5. in the year, making a total ofnearly 1,000,0001b5. weight of their crops taken off annually by rabbits alone. Representations had been repeatedly made before of the ruinous extent to which the farmers were injured by the rabbits, and Mr. Ward had given directions to his gamekeepers to destroy them, but they could not find any quantity. Mr. W., therefore, this winter, took other steps, to see which were right, the farmers or the gamekeepers, to the great satisfaction of the former. DARING ATTEMPT AT BURGLARY. About nine o'clock on Friday evening, while Mr. Squire and Mr. Howells, stewards of Mr. Ward, of Northwood-house, near West Cowes, were in the office, they heard a noise on the outside, and supposing some persons going to the house had taken the wrong road, Mr. Howells went out, when they made a quick retreat. His suspicions being created that all was not right, he went back for a candle and to inform Mr. Squire ; on their searching they found that a daring attempt had been made to enter the house and that the parties had forced the door in, splitting the door-post into which the lock shot. It appeared that a crow-bar had been forced in at the top of the door to open it that way, but failing, they forced the lock, which being a very strong one great strength must have been applied. It is sup posed that the thieves were well acquainted with the house as the door opened into a lumber room (where no one was likely to be) which adjoins the office, in which they expected a rich booty from the amount of rents paid during the week, and would no doubt have ob tained it but from Mr. Squire and Mr. Howells not having left the office, a very uncommon thing, as they both reside at a distance. At the hour chosen all the servants were at a distant part of the house, being in the hall at supper. Several persons were seen in the park about the time, particularly three in one party and five in another. A great many persons had been at the house during the day; there were also twenty French painters and decorators at work in it, but all had then left. This with the visits of the Parkhurst prison boys, who if they cannot get out of the island, manage to roam over it, has made a great inquiry for iron safes before but little used here, burglary being unknown. 45. TkIE DISTRIBUTIVE AGENT OF INDUSTRY. (From the Sentinel.) The road, the canal, and the railway are called into existence, when society has need of them to distribute wealth through the various districts of a country. As population increases, and the products of industry are multiplied, these con trivances are improved and enlarged ; thus show ing, that modes of transit and conveyance are re quired to expand, just as labour and its results are more and more augmented and ramified. Every one perceives, that, unles s thi s mov i ng power existed, there could not be any intercommunication, nor could commodities be distributed; and consumption, which is the sole end of production, could not take place, except in the locality where the commodity was pro duced. These are obvious truths, and they lead all men to recognise the utility of the road, the canal, and the railway. There is, however, another distributive agent of industry with whose real nature the public are not well acquainted, and that agent is money. Adam Smith assimilates money to a road, because it is an instrument of transferring and circulating real wealth from one person to another, just as a road is the instrument by which real wealth is transported from one town t. another. If the road is covered with turnpikes at which heavy tolls are levied on the transit of goods, of course those goods must be charged a proportionately high price when they reach the consumer ; so also, if the money of a nation is made of a costly material, the consumer must pay for this costli ness. Were any one to insist that the rails on a railway should consist of bars of gold, instead of bars of iron, he would be deemed a lunatic ; for it would be said, and truly said, that, provided passengers and goods could be conveyed from London to Liverpool as safely and as expedi tiously on iron as on golden rails, why incur a useless expense in laying down a dear material, when a cheap one would answer the purpose ? However, when we come to apply this reasoning to the Currency, people hesitate to carry out the parallel between money and a road, and find it difficult, if not impossible, to believe that an iron currency would prove just as good a distributive agent of industry as a gold currency. Never theless, Lycurgus established an iron currency in Sparta, and it worked well for five centuries, and, when it was changed for gold, ruin and revolution followed. Time was, in this count r y, w h en our currency was formed of wood, and the people were happy and the revenue prospered. These precedents are adduced simply to show prejudice that the mone tary affairs of a country can be conducted without the aid of the precious metals. The Earl of Ripon estimated the average quan tity of gold in this country at twenty-two mils lions. When we consider that the interests of the debt and the annual charges of Government are much more than double that sum, it is obvious that the quantity of bullion, as stated by Lord Ripon, is an inadequate agent of distribution ; and when to this is added the enormous transactions of a year in the various departments of business, common sense must admit, that so scarce a metal as gold, which cannot be multiplied as trade is en larged, is not a suitable instrument with which to carry on internal commerce. In pursuing the parallel between money and a road, what should we think of our authorities, were they to narrow the Strand, Fleet-street, Cheapside, and the Poultry, in proportion as the traffic increased from the west end to the City ? Yet this is precisely the plan on which Sir R. Peel is acting, for he is narrowing the distributive agent of industry, and thus impeding the circulation of real wealth from man to man. Sir R. Peel is strangely in contradiction with him self. He professes to be a Bullionist, and yet, curiously enough, bases 14,000,0001. of the Bank circulation on mere credit ; for to that extent his Bill of last May allows the Bank to issue money, without pos sessing in its cellars an equivalent amount of bul lion. Is not this a recognition of a paper cur rency ? Is it not, to all intents and purposes, a practical violation of his own principles ? It so happens, that the nation owes 14,000,0001. to the Bank, and this purely accidental amount of debt is deemed by Sir Robert to be the equivalent of so much bullion. When a statesman acts with such gross inconsistency, what pretensions has he to hold the helm ? Why, in the name of justice and cominon sense, make a distinction between a debt due to the Bank and a debt due to the fund holder? If national paper is a sound representative of the one, why not of the other ? It is in reference to taxation, that the distinc tion between money and the precious metals be comes of paramount importance. Money need not possess any intrinsic value, for it is simply the agent of distribution. It is a token or representative, not a commodity. But gold and silver are values of themselves which cannot alter. Now, when a tax is laid on a commodity, its value is not in creased, though its price is increased, and the amount of the tax is the measure of that increase; for, were it otherwise, the producer would not obtain the ordinary rate of profit. All indirect taxes are levied upon this principle ; that is to say, whatever tax the producer pays in advance to the State, he gets back from the consumer by additional price. But, to do this, there must be a currency capable of expressing that additional price. From 1797, when Mr. Pitt suspended cash payments, to 1819, when Peel's Bill restored cash payments, there was such a currency in paper as represented taxation. Since 1819, that currency has been abolished ; but, as the taxation was not abolished at the same time, the producer has been made to pay it, since he has had no means of charging it to the consumer. Why so ? 43ecause gold can only represent na tural value, not taxation prices ; and, as Par liament keeps gold cheap, whether it is abundant or scarce, and has fixed it at the scale at which it ruled in the time of Elizabeth, when there was no public debt, and a very trifling revenue, wages and profits must fall to the low standard of untaxed gold. Hence it is, that ever since 1819, industry, not property, has had to pay the dividends, and nearly all the expendi ture of Government. Now, there is no remedy for this evil (unless we pay off the debt by a direct tax on property), except a restoration of the currency under which more than half the debt was contracted ; or, in the language of free trade, gold must cease to be a protected metal, and be snbject to the competi tion of supply and demand. The extension of our foreign commerce is looked forward to as the means of employing labour and rewarding industry. We hope that day may soon arrive, when our ports shall be open to universal intercourse; but it is our duty to warn the working classes, that their wages can never permanently rise, however foreign trade may be extended, under Peel's system of currency; because, as soon as prices rise, while gold remains cheap, the foreigner will take away the gold ; and as the Bank, in self-protection, must then con tracts its circulation, prices will again fall, and wages sink with declining profits. Thus, the condi tion of the working-classes can never continue pros perous for any long period, because, as soon as their labour becomes valuable, the distributive agent of in dustry, money, is withdrawn, and the products of la bour will cease to be purchased by the foreigner when they become dearer in the market than gold. The father of Sir Robert Peel, a man of great sound sense and vast practical knowledge, fore told what would be the result of returning to cash payments. He said the measure would double his son's property and ruin the country,l —a prediction which time has verified ; for as suredly—a country is already ruined when the millions seek in vain fdr employment, and capital seeks that profitable investment in foreign lands which it cannot find at home. We beg the attention of our readers to the following comparison between an abundant and a restricted circulation, which we borrow from one of the letters of the late Sir Robert Peel . "A restricted circulation never fails to create every evil which can afflict an industrious people scarcity of money, unpurchased manufactures, de ficiency of employment, unpaid rents, dejected agriculture, and unproductive commerce. These are the mischiefs which necessarily distress the individual, and embarrass the commu nity while its circulation is deficient ; and, in our peculiar circumstances, the mischiefs are greatly aggravated by the amount of our taxation. When money, on the other hand, is abundant, it may always be procured at moderate interest. Bills of Exchange and other private securities, are readily discounted ; and every individual who has property or credit is accom modated with boas, according to his necessities. With an abundant circulation, ingenuity is put to the stretch to find new means of rendering it productive; hence employment multiplies, every individual finds the means of subsistence, the manufacturers are all occu pied, our merchants send out additional adventures, the shipowners have freights at their command, the production of the husbandman is consumed by a busy people, rents are more easily paid, and taxes more easily collected. Such are the benefits resulting to may have b individuals and to the State." ofw hothe Bulionists,"tno We earnestly entreat all seduced by the plausibilities weigh well this calmly-formed opinion of . l one of the merchants this country ablest and most successful doctrine insisted upon by ever produced. If the the father of the present it is obvious that this population and the P r i me Minister be true, country, with increasing increasing trade that must be transacted . to . avert the pauperism of the imperiously millions, distribution demands a moneyed agent of susceptive of expansion. That agent cannot be metallic, for the is no expansive quality in the preci ous metals. W e must, there fore, s ee k i t in paper, as Mr. Pitt sought and 04114 it. Let gold rise end fabl , as all 0.0104. 00m. modities rase and fall under the law of supply and demand, and let a national note represent national taxation. By these means we should, firstly, prevent the export of gold ; secondly, we should secure the export of goods instead of gold; thirdly, we should enable the producer of commodities to charge the taxes added to them to the consumer, and thus throw the burden of the revenue from the shoulders of labour on to the shoulders of property; fourthly, we should effectually stop decline of prices and those gluts and panics which are solely caused by sudden contractions of the circulating medium. Wages and profits would be high and steadily high ; the home trade, as well as foreign commerce, would re ceive an impulse and an invigoration which would animate every branch of industry ; and society, in all its grades, would possess the best guarantees for order, peace, and happiness. THE BISHOP OF EXETER AND HIS CLERGY. (From the Exeter Gazette of Saturday.) We have been favoured with the following important letters, which will be read with peculiar interest sho J. 8, 1845. "Rev. and d ear Si r,— I requests ou stowe, to an communicate to the clergy of your deanery, with as little delay as shall be convenient, the accompanying letter, addressed by me to all the clergy of my diocese.—l am, rev, and dear Sir, your faithful friend and brother, " . " The Rev. J. A rms t rong, Dean Rural lL of Exeter EXETER ." " TO THE CLERGY OF THE DIOCESE OF EXETER. " " Bishop s t owe , J an. 8, 1845. Rev. and dear Brethren,—l have this day had the gratification of receiving from his Grace the Archbishop a copy of his Letter to the clergy and laity of the pro vince of Canterbury.' " That letter leaves me under no difficulty how to act. Not only in deference to his Grace's authority, but in most willing concurrence with the sentiments which ho has expressed, I thankfully accept the prospect of an adjustment of our present diversities by some general measure which shall have the sanction of the whole Church. In truth, I feel that I could not more effectu ally labour for the great object which I have had at heart—the restoration of certainty and vigour to the law of the Church in all that relates to our public worship-- than by now relinquishing my own separate endeavours, and merging them in that common effort which his Grace has announced his intention to promote, when the way shall be prepared for a final settlement.' "Meanwhile, I advise you all to act in conformity with the views so plainly set forth by the Archbishop ; that is, to continue the services in your several churches as they now are, making no attempt to approach nearer to au exact observance of the rubric, unless you shall, in any instance, ascertain that the wish of your people is is clearly in favour of such an advance. " One reservation I must, indeed, make, though I hope it is unnecessary. If the practice in any parish at pre sent prevail (I know not that it does) of omitting or garbling portions of the offices of the Church --especially the offices of baptism and burial—by reason of objection to the doctrines therein involved, or of introducing prayers of pri vate composition, either before the sermon or elsewhere, such violation of the Church's la w mu s e not lay claim to indulgence. " And now, in addressing you on this occasion, most probably for the last time, let me express my deep sense of the value of that support which I have received from the great body of my clergy, and of the warm and aff tionate sympathy evi nce d b y very many of you, unde ec r circumstances of n o common trial. These are matters of grateful and end ur i ng remem b rance. If there hare. been some instan ces o f an opposite feeling (Rs I hp , bound in sincerity to add there have been some, how.vever few), I assure those who have exhibited it that f oey w ill not, in our future intercourse, experience airy unpleasing recollections o f it on my part ; and it, on reflection, they shall as readily forgive themselves aslforgive them, I wish that they may have formed a right estimate of what their duty has required, and may hereafter require them to do. "This last is a subject on which I would not dwell. But I am desirous of saying, with reference to some in. dividuals of high station, on whose public conduct I deemed it necessary publicly to remark, that I rejoi ce t o believe that there was much of misapprehee. - s i on o f motives—somethi ng , i t may be, of mistake of facts. "In respe c t t o one eminent person,in particul ar , I cannot doubt the statements made by him of his own actual conduct ; it is plain, therefore, that the terms in which he had claimed a right to act and speak, in resist ance to the lawful order of his Bishop, were not intended by him to imply (for he since expressly denied) that he had exercised that right, as his words themselves induced me to conclude. "Of all the harassing and painful incidents of the last few weeks, these personal conflicts have been by far the most harassing and painful. May they henceforth be as if they had never been. But, whatever may have been the temporary results, I do not and cannot regret that I deemed it necessary publicly to assert those prin ciples of Ch urc h authority which it is alike the duty of all of us to recognise and to inculcate. The very vehe mence with wh ic h t h e assertion of them has been re . sisted, proves, if proof were necessary, the necessit:( o f their being asserted, and of our never suffering tb'em to fall into oblivion. "In conclusion, I congratulate you on the prospect of those principles being, ere long, prttr:tically asserted and enforced by our Bev. Primate ; as of his effecting, if it b e G od ' s good pleasure, a fin nd th al andu peaceful settlement_ of questions which ( inconsiderat e as, for the most part, ar e th e subjects of them) must b e sett l ed, if the ban y an empty h of Eng n amland e. is to conti nue to us anything better " I am, rev, and dear brethren, your affecti onate friend and brothe r , " H. EXETEIL" We have just learned, from the best authority, that the Bishop has received a letter from the Archbishop of Canterbury, calling upon him to retrace all his steps, till the constituted authorities have deliberated on the subject of " the diversities."_ IVeNtern Times of Friday. -- - - SPORTING INTELLIGENCE, Sarre HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. King y ston. stag h., Tues., Mald en ; S at., the Griffin, Sir John Cope's hds., Tues., Milney Warren ; Greywell Hill ; S at. B rick Bridge— loi. Wed., Mr. Theobald's stag hds., Tues., Wickham Market; Fri., Ottley Bottom. South Berkshire hds., Wed., Burghfield Bridge ; Fri., The Bladebone, Bucklebury, Common. Cheltenham stag hds., Sat., the Balloon-10i. Craven hds., Wed., Froxfield Gate Fri Park ; S a t., S tagcroft-10i. ; ~ Ashdown Pembrokeshire hds., Thurs., Ramswood-10. Hursley hds., Fri., Cranbury Park. N.F.H. Tues., Hunters' Inn ; Thurs., Buckworth Park ; Sat., Embley, HS t. Weston Comm on., Tues., Hinton House ; Thurs., Minchin's B arn; Sir John Gerard's hds., Wed., Blackley Hurst ; Sat. Golborne Smithies. Hambiedon hds., Wed., Westbury House ; Sat., Holy well House—loi. SIR JOHN COPE'S Fox Hourtns.=A very nume rous field wer e a t t h e meet of this crack Berkshire pack, on Saturday last, which took place at the seat of Mr. Clayton, about five miles from Maidenhead, where an elegant luncheon was given by the liberal host to a large party of friends. A fox was soon started in the covers of Mr. Clayton, and killed after a short burst. The covers at Bray Wood, near Hare Hatch, were then drawn, and a fine fox unkennelled, which, after running a four-mile ring, at a racing pace, took away to Knowles hill, across Mr. Clayton's covers, and was killed, after a beautiful forty-one minutes' run, near the Coach and • Horses, at Maidenhead Thicket. LIBERALITY OF TUE BRAZILIAN GOVERNMENT.---• The Brazilian Government has issued a decree, dated November 15th, relieving foreign vessels that may ar rive at any of the Brazilian ports, in ballast, from ton nage dues. This measure has given much satisfaction here, as being calculated to promote a constant supply of vessels for the conveyance of produce thence, and thus relieve shipowners from what previously was a heavy tax upon them.—Afanchester Guardian, THE NEW METROPOLITAN BUILDING ACT.--On Saturday morning a number of tenants of kitchens in the parish of St. Mary -le-Strand were ejected under the irovisions of the New Building Act, which prohibi' ietting of kitchen s or cellars as residences, prohibits unless pro perly drained and ventilated. Many of these wretched abodes were only approached by cellar flaps from the street, and without windows. LONDON SESSIONs.—On Saturday an appeal was heard on behalf of a waterman named Young, again s t as r f D v e e e p n i t f a onr oaf d t h i de water Iv lv o a r t k e r n l i I n:ada n:::ve c :3 ri. the conviction of the Lord Mayor, arising out ot the rules and regulations of the Waterman's Coax pany. Mr. Ryland, who appeared on behalf of the Lord Mayor and Court of Aldermen, said that the kn. involved in the present pro c • -11/ -.. in t e a p l craftan t Tbwehhenoroortewbs was sne being pany. eflolarnat, tfrineett earedt_for thaewafuppl : oh' : e : e d nr vs o oue . After very frnynt question htheninoT t Trinity . ifnrvv o ei the f yi co l uh a f w ei arguments pro and con. wptEoaal pany to mte ß onas r ne e d Mr. Ryland, W wh er o e arpepmoved from the control of the firmed. wereTedr.iniTtyhHeyou the appeal must be con hat persons licensed by deciding agailist their own pri vCi i o e u g r e t 3 o , f h A u l t d e that could not be avoided. Appeal Con. COLLIERY EXPLOSION,.._ Correspondent informs us that, soon after the workmen entered the Eaglesbush collier belonging to Messrs. Penrose and toOkonplaicleur, byaywhlaiest,h nainetemrreinficweerxep,lmototn seofverefoluyl Evans Sta y, air ut—thsfeiaunaP°lsesitlYs e lvdil t e7t e hdepirn o gwtri-‘B er : scorched.— Cambrian. DEVONPORT DOCKYARD.—Eighteen smiths are ordered from this yard to Portsmouth, and eight to Pem broke; and six were superannuated yesterday (Friday). Four plumbers have been temporarily hired, in conse (pence of th e great i ncrease of work attendant on the fitting out of so large a number of ships.—Devonpor Independent. Sir John Lowther, Bart., M.P., Sir John Simpson, Sir William Stephenson, the High Sheriff of of it the Lord Mayor of York, and a numerous body of in fluential gentlemen connected with the county and city of York, have undertaken to direet a grand National Archery Meeting, which is to be open to all Englandi. Scotland, and Ireland, anti is appointed to bo hold at York in the month of June next. The Duke of Cleveland has made a donation ot with2sl. t T o w r • i a n r i d ty s C e l l; e u c v e t in h g ji) n a e r w lin g s t cho on, o a l n -r d oo h m is s, G i vse n c e e h nn as ex al io s a c signified his intention of becoming an annual subscribe; of lot for tbeii•Ature support. SUMMARY OF NEWS AND ii)utatt ptrltott. " Who runs may read.' PONL3STOZT. On Thursday evening their Majesties received the Sardinian Ambassador, the Baron de Humboldt, the Counts de Bondy and de Montesquiou, Generals Thie bault and Renault de Saint - Jean-d'Angely, Captain Bonet, and M. Jacques Lefebvre, member of the Cham ber of Deputies. The draft of the address of the Chamber of Peers was read and discussed, on Friday, in the bureaux. The Duke de Nemours presided in the first one. The Com mittee afterwards met to make some verbal changes, re commended by the bureaux. The Committee on the Address, in the Chamber of Deputies, examined the paragraphs referring to Otaheito and the Right of Search, and decided that an amend ment in favour of Poland should be proposed as on former years. It afterwards appointed M. Hebert to draw up the Address. He obtained six votes, and M. Filix Rid, M. St. Marc Girardin, and M. Gauther de Rumilly, one each. It is supposed that the Address will be read to the Chamber in a public sitting on Wednes day next, and that the public discussion will commence on the Monday following. The King has conferred the Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour on Lieutenant-General Viscount Tiburce Sebastiana, Commandant of the First Military Division. The following bulletin of the health of M. Villemain, signed by his physician, Dr. Laurent, was communi cated on Friday to the friends of the patient :—" M. Villemain passed the day well yesterday, and had a very good night, with pretty tranquil sleep." Lieutenant -General Meunier, Baron de St. Clair de la Guillotiere, died at Lyons on the 7th instant. He en tered the service of the Republic as a private soldier, and gained his various grades on the field-of-battle. He was Commander of the Legion of Honour, and Knight of the Iron Crown. The Prince and Princess d'Aquila took their departure on Thursday for Marseilles, where they are to embark for Naples. His Serene Highness Duke Augustus of Saxe-Co burg-Gotha and her Royal Highness Princess Clemen tine, with their infant son Prince Philip and a numerous suite, passed through Frankfort on the 7th, on their way to Paris. On Wednesday as M. Gauthier, Auditor of the Coun cil of State, son of the Deputy for Uzerche, was riding along the Boulevart des Invalides, leaning rather for ward, his horse gave a toss with his head, and struck him so violently on the forehead that he fell stunned to the ground, and died in the evening from the concussion and the injuries which he received from the fall. A letter from Stockholm, 24th ult., states that the Prince Royal of Sweden, who had not long since reco vered from a severe fit of illness, was again seriously indisposed. The Journal du Havre states that Capt. G. Aillet, of the Josephine Marie, just arrived from Marseilles, re lates the following fact. He left Algesiras on Dec. 20, in company with seven other French vessels. Passing under Tarifa, the little flotilla was, to its great surprise, fired at from the Spanish forts, without any aggression on their part. Their rigging and masts were injured by the balls. Capt. Aillet affirms that already he had been similarly treated in the same place. A letter from St. Petersburgh, of Dec. 26, states that several landowners of that province and of Novogorod have given, without any charge, the portion of their property over which the railroad from the capital to Moscow is to run, declaring that, looking at the great advantages that are likely to accrue from the execution of the line, they consider it their duty to assist the State as much as possible in supporting the expense of the work. The value of the land thus given is estimated at 4,000,000 f. We learn from Stockholm Dec. 27, that the Ki ng o f Swed en , although strongly desirous of effacing capital punishment from the penal code of that country, has consented to its being retained, a large majority of the Council of State having decided for the maintenance of it. C °VAT —FASHION; A.ts Abs. The Duke of Wellington, who came to town from Strathfieldsaye on Wednesday, last, returned to that seat on Saturday. ClarenThe M arquis and Marchioness of Norm a nby l e ft th e don Hotel on Saturday, on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, Woburn Abbey, where a dis tinguished circle of personages of distinction are partici pating in their Graces' hospitalities. The Noble Duke and Duchess of Bedford are not expected to come to town e for the season until after Easter. GrTh Marquis and Marchioness of Exeter returned to osvenorsquare on Saturday, from a visit to her Ma jesty at Windsor Castle. "i i Marquis and Marchioness of Londonderry, Viscount Seaham, and the Ladies Alexandrine and Ade laide Vane, have arrived at their marine residence, Sea ham Hall, Sunderland, from Zeleuntstewv.rt. Clemen tina Villiers came to town on Saturday The Earl and Countess of Jersey and Lady early train from Middleton Park, near Bicester, and left Berkeley-square for Windsor Castle during the after noon,morning by an on a visit to her Majesty. Th Countess Dowager of Limerick continues in strict seclusion at South Hill Park. The Earl and Countess of Carnarvon have arrived in Grosvenor -square from Milford, Rants. The Earl of Fife is passing the winter on his estates in Banffshire. Earl Ellenborough has arrived at the Bedford Hotel, Leamington Spa. The Austrian Ambassador, Count Dietrichstein, paid visits to the Royal Family, in town, on Saturday. Lord and Lady Louth have arrived at Brighton, where they intend sojourning a few months previous to their return to Louth Castle. tikItoCZ3I.I=ANNOTra• On Saturday last, Charles Herbert Wood, an artisan in the employ of Mr. Windsland, builder, London, had the honour of presenting to her Majesty, at Windsor Castle, a splendid shell of the Nautilus, on which he had engraved, with a common penknife—the royal arms, the Prince of Wales's feathers, a sketch of the Great Britain iron steam-ship, with a full description of the same ; the sister ship the Great Western, verses from Pope, &c. There were altogether about 1,500 words, beautifully engraved in old English, German text, Italian and Roman characters. The whole was surrounded with a rich border, and the head of the shell represented that of a parrot, being admirably formed fur that purpose. Her Majesty was pleased to express her admiration of the skill displayed by this ingenious artist, and handsomely rewarded him. The iron trade in the counties of Darham and North umberland is assuming a character of considerabie im portance. Extensive works are being completed at Cow side, Crookall ; a furnace at %Vylam ironworks has re cently been put into blast, and the Ridsdale ironworks are to be resumed in about a month. At Sunderland there are several very extensive works for the manufac ture of iron, and these are in a flourishing condition. The Worcester Journal states that on Sunday week there died in the 'union workhouse, Bromyard, Samuel Jones, better known to the neighbourhood as " Old Sam, the Gipsy," from the wandering life he led. He belonged to the parish of Bishop's Froome, having, as tradition states, been a foundling in that parish. His age is un known, but it must have exceeded a hundred by many years, inasmuch as that the oldest inhabitants had always reckoned him their senior by at least forty years. A requisition to the Lord Mayor is in course of signature, forithe purpose of passing an address to her Majesty, at the next Court of Common Council, deplor ing the schism in the Church and the innovations of the Puaeyites. To the address of the Corporation a formal answer will be delivered by her Majesty, which it is hoped will prove a severe blow and heavy discourage ment to the Tractarians. The rumours of a brevet are daily strengthening, as the vacancies in the grades of Admirals and Generals are daily increasing. The necessity for having younger men at the head of our fleets and armies is becoming more obvious, and the claims of those who served during the last war are more urgent. Why a brevet has been deferred we cannot say—but we could give a hundred good reasons fur its being granted. No longer can it be said that the very trivial expense it will cause cannot be afforded, for the finances were never more flourishing. Indeed, on that score even, we can safely assert that the mere fi ling up of the vacancies since - the last brevet would give a large promotion, without adding one far thing of additional expense to the State. But away with the sordid consideration of pounds, shillings, and pence ! England can afford to reward her soldiers and sailors ; but even if she could not well do so, her generosity would not be withheld. She ought rather to economise in her civil departments, than leave unrequited those men who have saved her civil institutions from destruction, and preserved her glorious constitution intact, amid the wreck of surrounding States.—Naval and Military Ga zette. FIRE IN THREADNEEDLE-STREET.—On Saturday night last, between ten and eleven o'clock, the safety of Betty's Tavern, Hercules-passage, Threadneedle-street, . . was placed i n th e greatest jeopardy, in consequence of the outbreak of a fire in ono of the bed-rooms. It was discovered by a domestic, and intelligence having been sent to the fire-stations, the brigade were soon present with their engines. Previous to the it arrival every per son on the premises assisted in procuring a supply of water from the cisterns, and although attended with considerable damage, the alarm soon subsided. Ihe fire is believed to .have originated from a lighted candle having been placed too near the bed curtains. Mr. Hales, the landlord, is insured in the Sun Fire-office. The greatest credit is due to those in the house for their timely services, otherwise the premises must have been destroyed. ROYAL VICTORIA. THEATRE:—This favourite place of amusement has, in the past week, been crowded nightly, and the success of the new piece, liforienne ; or, 7he Child of Crime, most completely established. The pantomime is held by numbers to be the very beet since Mother Goose took the play-going public by storm. The song which Joey Grimaldi made Immortal, has a very fit successor, according to our recollection, in Mr. Blanchard, who is the Clown. Mademoiselle Le Vita is a vigorous dancer, and an excellent Columbine also, ~,ord and Lady Leigh have issued cards of invita tion to the principal Nobility and gentry residing in the vicinity of Stoneleigh Abbey, for a grand ball, which is to take place on Friday next at that fine seat, to cele brate the com i ng o f age o f t h e i r son , th e Hon. William Henry Leigh. Sir John H. Lowther, Bart., Swillington, York shire, has directed the annual interest of 2001. to be paid to the treasurer of the Cumberland Infirmary, for the use of that institution. THE SPECIAL MESSAGE. To the Senate and House of Representatives,— I transmit herewith copies of dispatches received from our Minister at Mexico, since the commencement of your present session, which claim, from their importance, and I doubt not will receive, your calm and deliberate consi deration. The extraordinary and highly offensive lan guage which the Mexican Government has thought proper to employ in reply to the remonstrance of the Executive, through Mr. Shannon, against the renewal of the war with Texas, while the question of annexation was pending before Congres s an d th e peop l e, an d a l so, the propose manner of conducting that war, will not fail to arrest your attention. Such remonstrance, urged in no unfriendly spirit to Mexico, was called for by considerations of an impera tive character, having relation as well to tin peace of this country and honour of this Government as to the cause of humanity and civilisation. Texas had entered into the treaty of annexation upon the invitations of the Exe cutive ; and when, for that act, she was threatened with a renewal of war on the part of Mexico, she naturally looked to this Government to interpose its efforts to ward off the threatened blow. But one course was left the Executive, acting within the limits of its constitu tional competency, and that was to protest, in respectful, but at the same time strong and decided terms, against it. The war thus threatened to be renewed was pro mulgated by edicts and decrees, which ordered, on the part of the Mexican military, the desolation of whole tracts of country, and the destruction, without discrimi nation, of all ages, sexes, and eondition of existence. Over the manner of conductiong war, Mexico possesses no exclusive control. She has no right to violate at pleasure the principles which an enlightened civilisation has laid down for the conduct of nations at war ; and thereby retrograde to a period of barbarism which, hap pily for the world, has long since passed away. All nations are interested in enforcing an observance of those principles, and the United States, the oldest of the Ame rican Republics, and the nearest of the civilised Powers to the theatre on which these enormities were proposed to he enacted, could not quietly content themselves to witness such a state of things. They had, through the Executive, on another occasion, and as was believed with the approbation of the whole country, remonstrated against outrages similar, but even less inhuman, than those which by her new edicts and decrees she has threatened to perpetrate, and of which the late inhuman massacre at Tobasco was but the precursor. The bloody and inhuman murder of Fannin and his companions, equalled only in savage barbarity by the usages of the untutored Indian tribes, proved how little confidence could be placed on the most solemn stipulations of her generals, while the fate of others who became her captives in war, many of whom, no longer able to sus tain the fatigues and privations of long journeys, were shot down by the way-side, while their companions who survived were subjected to sufferings even more painful than death—had left an indelible stain on the pages of civilisation. The Executive, with the evidence of an in tention on the part of Mexico to renew scenes so revolt ing to humanity, could do no less than renew remon strances formerly urged. For fulfilling duties so impe rative, Mexico has thought proper, through her accre dited organs, because she has had represented to her the inhumanity of such proceedings, to indulge in language unknown to the courtesy of diplomatic intercourse, and offensive in the highest degree to this Government and people. Nor has she offended in this only. She has not only violated existing conventions between the two countries, by arbitrary and unjust decrees against our trade and intercourse, but withholds instalments of debt due to our citizens which she solemnly pledged herself to pay, under circum stances which are fully explained by the accompanying letter from Mr. Green, our Secretary of Legation. And when our Minister has invited the attention of her Go vernment to wrongs committed by her local authorities, not only on the property but on the persons of our fel low-citizens, engaged in prosecuting fair and honest pur suits, she has added insult to injury, by not even deign ing, for months together, to return an answer to his representations. Still further to manifest her unfriendly feelings towards the United States, she has issued de crees expelling from some of her provinces American citizens engaged in the peaceful pursuits of life, and now denies to those of our citizens prosecuting the whale fishery on the north-west coast of the Pacific the pri vilege which has, through all time, heretofore been accorded to them, of exchanging goods of a small amount in value at her ports in California, for supplies indis pensable for their health and comfort. Nor will it escape the observation of Congress, that in conducting a correspondence with the Minister of the United States, who cannot, and does not know any dis tinction between the geogra phi ca l sect i ons of the Union, charges wholly unfounded are made against particular States, and an appeal to others for aid and protection against supposed wrongs. In this same connexion sec tional prejudices are attempted to be excited, and the hazardous and unpardonable effort is made to foment divisions among the States of the Union, thereby to em bitter their peace. Mexico has still to learn that. how ever freely we may indulge in discussion among ourselves. the American people will tolerate no interference in their domestic affairs by any foreign Government ; and in all that concerns the constitutional guarantees and the national honour, the people of the United States have but one mind and one heart. The subject of annexation addresses itself most for tunately to every portion of the Union. The Executive would have been unmindful of its highest obligations, if it could have adopted a course of policy dictated by sectional interests and local feelings. On the contrary, it was because the question was neither local nor sec tional, but made its appeal to the interests of the whole Union, and of every state of the Union, that the nego tiation, and finally the treaty of annexation was entered into; and it has afforded me no ordinary pleasure to perceive that, so far as demonstrations have been made upon it by the people, they have proceeded from all por tions of the Union. Mexico may seek to excite divi sions amongst us, by uttering unjust denunciations against particular states, but when she comes to know that the invitations addressed to our fellow-citizens by Spain, and afterwards by herself, to settle in Texas, were accepted by emigrants from all the states; and when, in addition to this, she refreshes her recollection with the fact that the first effort which was made to ac quire Texas was during the administration of a distin guished citizen from an eastern state, which was after wards renewed under the auspices of a President from the south west, she will awake to a knowledge of the futility of her present purpose of sowing dissensions among us, or producing distraction in our counsels by attacks either on particular states or on persons who are now in the retirement of private life. Considering the appeal which she now makes to eminent citizens by name, can she hope to escape censure for having ascribed to them, as well as to others, a design, as she pretends, now for the first time revealed, of having originated negotiations to despoil her, by duplicity and falsehood, of a portion of her territory? The opinion then, as now, prevailed with the Executive, that the annexation of Texas to the Union was a matter of vast importance. In order to acquire that territory before it had assumed a position among the independent Powers of the earth pro positions were made to Mexico for a cession of it to the United States. Mexico saw in these proceedings, at the time, no cause of complaint. She is now, when simply re minded of them, awaken e d t o th e knowledge of the fact, which she, through her Secretary of State, promulgates to the whole world as true, that those negotiations were founded in deception and falsehood, and superinduced by unjust and iniquitous motives. While Texas was a de pendency of Mexico, the United States opened negotia tions with the latter Power for the cession of her then acknowledged territory ; and now that Texas is inde pendent of Mexico, and has maintained a separate ex istence for nine years—during which time she has been received into the family of nations, and is represented by accredited amba ssa d ors at many of principal courts of Europe—and when it has become obvious to the whole world that she is for ever lost to Mexico, the United States is charged with deception and falsehood in all re lating to the past, and condemnatory accusations are made against states which have had no especial agency in the matter, because the Executi ve o f t h e whole Union has negotiated with free and independent Texas upon a matter vitally important to the interests of both coun tries. And, after nine years of unavailing war, Mexico now announces her intention, through her Secretary of Foreign Affairs, never to consent to the independence of Texas, or to abandon the effort to re-conquer that re public. She thus announces a perpetual claim, which, at the end of a century, will furnish her as plausible a ground for discontent against any nation which, at the end of that time, may enter into a treaty with Texas, as she possesses at this moment against the United States. The lapse of time can add nothing to her title to inde pendence. - A course of conduct such as has been described, on the part of Mexico, in violation of all friendly feeling, and of the courtesy which should characterise the inter course between the nations of the earth, might well Justify the United States in a resort to any measure to vindicate their national honour ; but, actuated by a sincere desire to preserve the general peace, and in view of the present condition of Mexico, the Executive, resting upon its integrity, and not tearing but that the judgment of the world will duly appreciate its motives, abstains from recommending to Congress a resort to measures of redress, and content itself with re-urging upon that body prompt and immediate action on the subject of annexation. By adopting that measure, the The Acadia arrived at Boston on Saturday, the 21st, after a passage of seventeen days. The Caledonia, from Boston for Liverpool, arrived at Halifax on the 18th. THE SPECIAL MESSAGE.—It iS believed that the opinion of the President elect is now perfectly coin cident with that of Mr. Tyler with respect to his measure for annexation, and if such be the case, there is nothing to prevent all the members of that party who supported Mr. Polk's election from going at once into the work and carrying out to completion the issue decided by the people at the polls. BLACK TONGUE.—This dereadful disease is raging with fearful violence in Gibson county, la. A great number of deaths have occurred, and some cases have proved fatal in fbur or five days from the first attack. THEATRICAL GUNS GOING Orr.—We understand that Hackett and also Forrest sail for England. They go to France and England, as the representatives of the American drama, Mr. Hackett occupying the dis tinguished position of the sole representative of the comic drama, and Mr. Forrest that of the legitimate drama. They have a mission to fulfil in England, but in the present condition of the Texas question, it is doubtful whether they will succeed. However, it will be all made up in Paris, Mr. Calhoun having succeeded in securing the approbation of our foreign policy by Guizot and Louis Philippe. Both these dramatic gentlemen will, no doubt, create a great sensation in Europe. an o mavd a llee e Lobpt o aeah rkei another partly raoetto A nl ydws l ysree T e laofi - aeu i tn Z ertd E rdea l ogi T uunenr. O tstheyb U ely: T leapsfaauenGrr compelledca e h, ls Herald), — A)s ndl as t t i R s t oe withnr piecete nearly,; o(c e fao x sr : ‘ d r ha l e party in Rensselaer county. The facts of the case as we can ascertain are these . —Richard Knowlton, of woodland from William Van Rensselaer, and had employed a man by t h e name of Elijah Smith to haul a quantity of th e wood. While engaged in loading his team on Thursday last, Smith w as accos t e d by a party of " Ind ians, " some thirty in number, who threatened to take his life if he should venture to re move the wood. S m i t h , disregarding these threats, continued his work, and when his load was ready jumped upon the w aggon and started his horses. He was immediately fired at by one or more of the Indians, and shot dead. OUTRAGES NEA R AL BANY. --We have received ac counts of more disgraceful outrages by the Indians of the Rent and Anti-Rent sections. On Tuesday, a meeting of the A n ti-R enters took place in Smoky Hollow, in the town of Claverick, on the Livingston Track. .About three hundr e d I nd i ans were present, armed with pistols, & C . T his assemblage gathered together in consequenc e of the appearance of the sheriff to serve a writ. They th reatened to shoot him if he did 'not give up his p apers. The citizens in that vicinity, who were oppos e d t o the lawless movements of the Indians, hearing of the difficulty, met in a body, numbering at least five h un d red. One of them re monstrated with the Anti-Renters against their course, when one of the latter drew a pistol, and instantly shot the citizen. The unfortunate man's name was Rivenburg. ANOTHER VETO. --We have some reason for believ ing that Captain Tyler w ill soon b e under the neces sity of clapping another veto upon a law of Congress of some importance, which is now in the process of being matured, and passing both Houses. We allude o u s e Independentof Representatives by which a large justma_ jp t o o arsist t ey h d, e at 11)1ed hi which will be introduced into the Senate this week, probably to pass there also. It is well known that Mr Tyler and his Administration are in favour of an Exchequer system, and we have good reason for be lieving that Mr. Polk is also in favour of a similar scheme. Acting, therefore, under the impresPion that the demo cracy in the House have merely passed this law thus suddenly for the heroic purpose of heading Mr. Polk, and stopping the present Administration, we have some reason for believing that Mr. Tyler will pluck up a little courage, and veto it as soon as it passes the Se nate. Anoth er reason we can g i ve. The passage of this new law would be equal to another removal of the de posites—which now amount to seven or eight millions, and will, probably, be increased considerably in a few months—from all the banks, and private indivi duals in whose hands they are. By this law these deposites must he p a id i n th e shape of spec i e, which a prodigiousa great revulsiondrain in th e upon the banks,would , aonfd course,inevitably lead to o money market. It will be seen, therefore, that the banking interests, in order to save themselves from the disastrous consequences of the passa ge of such a law, will, in all p ro b a bility, unite in sending a depu tation to 'Washington, for the purpose of imploring Captain Tyler to veto the Bill. We expect, there fore, some very remarkable flare-ups amongst parties in the course of a few days, in consequenc e o f t h e passage of thi s Bill. It mustgive rise to a great deal of discussion before it is all over.—Yew York Herald. SOUTH CAROLINA LEGISLATURE, COLUMBIA, DEC. 16.—T0-day, in the Senate, Mr. Pickens intro duced resolutio ns on th e su bj ect o f the abolition peti tions and the repeal of the 25th rule by C ongress. In substan ce (f or th ey are not yet printed, and I can not get a c o py), th ey con d emn the action of the House, and declare that any movement by Congress toward the a b o liti on o f s l avery i n the district of Columbia, will be regarded by this State as a virtual dissolution of the Union. He sustained them in a very able speech, and the Senate unananimously adopted them. The House has agreed . to consider them to-m orrow, 17 t h .— Charleston Cour i er. HAVANNATI, DEC. 6, 1844.—Business here is ex tremely dull—no produce being i n the market. The coming crops will be late this :Aesop, and we do not anticipate any great stir in business before June. Exchange on London is down again to 101 a 11i per cent. Ves se l s are arr i v i ng i n a b un d ance , b ut can find no employment, nor could we recommend any mor e coming out bef ore A pr il—th ose n ow in harbour having to pay their tonnage dues and port charges, will remain here. Freights to Europe are scarce.— We quote freights to Cowes and a market 21. lo s . t o 21. 12s. 6d. M e dit erranean freights, i none n market. For the United States almost nothing can be ob tained. The f ru it crops h ave all failed in our neighbourhood this season. Our Government officers are on the look- ou t f or any news from S pa i n , b e i ng in expectation of hearing of a change in the Administration. Liz BLACK Laws.—The Select Committee of the THE LAW OFFICERS OF THE CROWN.—The fol lowing has been received by us, from a source likely to be well informed, as arrangements which hare been made for important changes in the present law officers of the Crown. We present them to our readers as we have received them, without pledging ourselves to the accu racy of the entire list. We have reason to believe, how. ever, that a few days, perhaps hours, will show that the event will verify the greater part of our statement : Lord Chancellor, Mr. Pemberton Leigh (with a peerage), vice Lord Lyndhurst. Sir Frederick Thesiger, Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, vice Sir N. Tindal, who retires. Mr. Fitzroy Kelly, Attorney-General, vice Sir W. Follett, whose impaired health forbids the hope of his being able to resume his official or professional avo cations. The Hon. Mr. Wortley, Solicitor-General, in the place of Sir F. Thesiger, elevated to the bench as Chief Justice of the Common Pleas. We abstain from comment on these changes until their having been ar ranged receives confirmation. ' One, at least, will startle both the profession and the public. Blandness of man ners, though associated with personal virtues, are not sufficient to qualify a barrister for a judge. Acknow ledged superiority of legal knowledge will alone inspire confidence in his expositions of the law, and cause respect to be paid to his decisions.--Evening paper. SI R W. FOLLETT.—We have been favoured with the perusal of a letter from Naples, dated the 30th of December, from which we learn that the Attorney-Ge neral and Lady Follett had arrived in that capital from Rome. We are gratified to be assured on the same au• thentic information that the Learned Gentleman's health was wonderfully improved, partly, no doubt, by relaxa tion from his professional avocations, as well as by the change of climate and scene. Sir William was, accord ing to the arrangements then made, to embark at Naples on board the Government steamer ordered to convey himself and suite to thi s coun t r y a b out t h e 15t h inst., so l t a h t a e t st. he may be expected h em° i n a b out t h ree w eeks at I FALMOUTH, JAN. 10.--The Penguin, Lieut. Leslie, commanding, will sail for Brazils to-day, conveying the mails, and the following passengers:—Messrs. L atham, Hargrave, Hologray, and Leite. The Royal William steamer, from Dublin for London, conveys the freight brought home in the Penguin packet. The Spectator, from Mauritius, and the Gazelle, from Hobart Town, lauded mails here last night. .7