The Sun. — London, England, 1845-08-14 00:00:00

. • ^, PRE STTNT, LO'N'DON, ` si tiND.ll.itLAND ELECTION. tt ee -atAND, Tu Es p A y Moariese, A ua. 13.--Yesterday t e exertions of the ca n did a t es a nd their friends were increased , e ste , !en is LOW on " the tiptoe of expectation," and in a duer excitement eir. Hudson and Mr. Cobden at toe has l7g the day, and • he appearance of the latter gent's.- lven renewed animation to the Contest. totsin- the g evening, Mr. Cobden, M.P. ( who arrived in the l during the day), Coloicel Thompson, and Mr. Bright, A t c• addressed tl.e electors in the Polytechnic Hall of the elth e r n • The gallery was reserved tor ladies. Both p arts I nilding we re crow d e d to excess, and also the adjoining p e e t a i r t e o theatre, w hi c h i s separa t e d from the hall by a wooden pen} n, and in which, when the inner doors are opened, the assembled are enabled to hear, though not to see the !l t eelter 'tet t ; On the platform were some of the most active and jo,h sal Liberals in the borough. tro t e e tia Wilson, Esq. (of the well-known firm Wilson and tt o e u _ r se Merchants and impo . rters) presided, and at once in eeetienee Richard Cobden, Esq., Member for Stockport, to the , Mr. t r , ite ee „ . ..atn EN said, I received a summons from our good toyeoetiteolnnel Thompson to come here to pay my respects teats person . I must confess I think it almost a work pep ee m._ rogation that I should come here at all ; for when thee, e e . ruY master and teacher to teach you, I hardly t _ et is necessary for one of his pupils to come. How ho'4ool,now repeat what I have often said, I would walk b e t ` 20 0 miles merely to assist in promoting his re tie., , Parliament. Fortunately I have visited you with emeeless fatigue, for I left Mans:Lester at seven o'clock, e ate 'cre lam in the midst of you. I should have thought to orland the very last place in the kingdom where 611eauld have had a free-trade contest against monopoly. e.) It is said "experience teaches fools," and you tetteet fools in Sunderland—you are " too far North for ereneane therefore I sbould have thought the bitter ex eolthe four or eve years during which this town and ti b° ou . t !hood were plunged into a state of distress from e(e is only just emering, would have presented anybody, turthet" sunk in the re o political rejudice, from er attachment to the cm n- f laws. Bu p t it seems there 14;:l I:ersona to be found in Sunderland to raise the \le e _ of monopoly against tree trade, and I am told that se es ere persons who own ships, and who live by carrying fe e m and from foreign countries, in favour of restriction th e se traie. I believe that twenty-five years hence, when ir e , "long us who may then be living, tell to our chi!. fo t f _what has eappened during that time in this struggle to tepr r e e i e l trade, the thing most difficult to make them rose e nd will be, the fact that shipowners were found ee be free trade. I have sometimes speculated as to what trade ands ground of the hostility of shipowners to free hav e „ 1 believe this is the solution of it. You laeeer old men among the shipowners—there are old men lie eei, Y callin g , an d we are apt to look upon old meta as th e ,e more than young ones. Old men have a hankering v % , °la times ; under the navigatien laws, large fortunes Si e teade; an d t h ey t hi n k if we returned to that system, the ,thee t teuld be the case agaiu. New, I wish to convince 04 that it is impossible to do so, not upon my own authority, ale Pin that of the House of Commons, Sir Robert Peel. ‘ladoone, and every man there worth two minutes' dePts--that nothing is more wild and visiona r y t han for ti e owner s to dream of going back to the old system of leansavistation laws. - ( Heer, hear.) We must have foreign ce the on in foreign shipping. we eaenot prevent e " next best thing io to have as much carrying trade t o -e . ean, as much demand as we can, and for Englishmen fair e- the chance of doing all they can ; and if they have ti e 4 5 Y in the world's market, I do not think anybody 1 4y at Englishmen either by sea or land: Well, then, we 14; 4 want more trade, for the free trade- means more A r e: as I dare say yon hive heard fitly times before eiii -f; the contest; and if we have more trade, Englishmen h et e a_ee their share of it. We say especially that we ab e d trade in foreign corn ; it is a bulky article and steeu r everywhere ; for there is not a latitude in ohieh k4e , e osnmorlities will grow, that will not grow corn. The n et e te " .4e anbietrt • 'slit pew ner;e tells thate .ste - freeitrade to t'L'." tari l be eceeried •on in foreign,. se ease and • points f ee ee doteritsas feet 'the in. , 4843,4n0ra toti,ooo - quartrris of R. tt earn, only (SOO@ , *eselelleenteuarietsessireesbrotebeein it th 4 ll ships, the rest being brought in foreign bottoms. That th e v ery pint I want to talk about. Why do foreigners bring , to this country.? - It •is owing •to the operation of the slid ing Sea le ; I ;ill explain that ere :twee a manner that no . it, ~,ner, whatever may be his polities, will fail to respond to tb re ender the present sssiem, no • - rnsn• dare import corn as keett e lar article of trade ; he does net know whether the t o ar will jump to 20s; or down te , and therefore it is nut leve trade for a merchant ' nedirerre tittles ; -"het as just th e ' h ° men there is a chance, owing to the probeble faeure of th ere a r , est, that the duty should he down to s s. or es. , then is a demand for corn all over the worl d. But corn is O tt e, es . e d instantly. Since I have been here I have had a letter ile' se t e, t l esy hand, addressed to a house in this town , from sh at i'es, dated July 31st, which affords an illus tration of t hat te was •aying •—" Gentlemen, the present is to inform you O r e eie merchants are moving about freights to Englar.d. to 6 Y W ithin three days, the freights for cern have risen front ss. tos a s j,hls There are no Er gle.h vessels, and none off the Ne e , Then there is an account of the ships char t ere d, to po e t mend I ought not to read. It is not certain how long K t eettiand ma y eon' inue—it may last a month ; the very next th at :eat gees out to Marseilles may tell the merchants there e oee : ne sun is shining he , e, and thee the prospect of har vest is to e e e ,and b eg th em not to send corn at all, but pay smart• tse eet Yte getoff the bargain. Under such a system as this , y ou he t . Possibly have a regular trade carried on in English ships , trek' the corn trade were put on the same footing as the cotton etitt4 w hY should yin not have as regular a trade in corn as in th iit and w h y should not wenEglish ships have a fair share of e ho freight ? Well, then, are met in this town by those ke el fefess to be the peculiar friends of the poor with the state tee r eeat if we admit toieign corn the wages of labour here state eel if we bring corn from Poland our people will get th at %tie wages as the Polish serfs ; they might just as well s.iy 1 44' bring gum from Africa the labourers here will be b o t h and have eurly hair.—(Lan g hter and cheers.) Have you rip t ead some experience in tile town on that point—the expe tosete, of the last five or six years ought to have closed the y " of the people who talk such nonsense as this.—( Hear. ) ds es v esPeeted and venerated friend, 1 understand, has been t e rneed as a Socialist and all infidel. I was reading yes. te'? the life of Wilberforce (an raid friend of Col. p ep and I find that in the commencement of his career as te t teitater against that most horrible traffic in human beings, di:aye-trade, he and handi were denounced as being the ei ti els - e lee of Tom Paine, the friends of elarat and Robes ni the French Revolution. Ay, and then genteel people in broad.cloth—u=eci to make it a boast that they did no to the Wilberforce party abolitionists. Who is there Ande ll would stand up mad defend slavery and the sl a ve-trade ; w e sh all tes time than Wilberforce abolish'ed that odious traffic , and t h have achieved the triumph of free-trade princ i p les? Will h e eery men who are now opposing us in this h ol y crusade trad er : the first to turn round and say we were always free eeidate Now he two candidates presented to you are cae eheeees to fill a t vacancy caused by the loss which we in the late o f Commons have sustained by the retirement of your that pecellent r e presentative, Lord Howick. I d ee p l y re g ret i n th a t 's' , because he stood prominent am on g his class cr order trade at House for the honest and unflinching adv ocac y of free ease., Ptinciples. He did not advocate the abolition of the eefe ee aws, and the abolition of the monopolie s in su g ar, and *he a nd other things—he did not advocate them as a man ip th a e' o ed as a mere politician. He had the frankness to avow of ( ti e teouse of Commons, that he had, during the three years tee sign which took place ' seen reason to change hi= opi teee, materially as regarded the laws which restricted the eaelee of th e fi rs t ne cessaries of life. He said , what we ti ne all remember, that he did not consider i t a mere ques oee,! polities, but he thought the question of free -trade was t eeca ine nature and circumstances of which invol ved a g reat hy that'ha in the Legislature ot• this country. He did more, earnest speech, to take the question out of the category se:tarty politics than was dote by any speech made in the th e fBe of Commons. He served as a connecting link between are f ree-traders in that. House and the Whig aristocracy who b et o be found in the House and Ice much regret that he is kee l -he re still, so that he might ent that union, and • t et e tis one combined body in our cause.—(Hear, hear.) if dull are called urn to nominate his successor. N ow, thlnuere is one thing that I cannot possibly f or g et, more Yoe 1 can do another, in this contest, it is the fact that H O were previously represented by such a man as Lord Is e le l" If any constituency can be considered pledged,- 42P/edged in honour, to return man or kiedied sen ee ra to the House of Commons on this question, you are; ir e , cannot. tell how he can face the pulic again, after hay lie'eas heard him in the House of Commons, stated that l e 4as requested by three-fourths of the constituency of this ve ee tt h gh to take that honest and straightforward course ' pe at . ,he did take in the advocacy of the question. I re t"at you have now two candidates placed before you ; eao re e ' OnY friend here, Colonel Thompson, who has done ' L ore t, e nan any living man to advance the principles which time elowick advocated in your name. He devoted his th ee ' his furtune, his labour to the cause, at a time when lit re were few to sympathise with, and fewer still to aid vo le ' m his efforts. He printed tracts by tens of theusa. ds th e , e n the great difficulty was to find readers who would read T ep ee even though they were gratuitously distributed. Hut he tt e 7 e ered ; awl from the solitude of his chamber came fee th ele 'e lessons which taught another elass of teachers—the t ti h w e ho perambulated this land, vulgarising, if I may so PA doctrines-- e • Bemire—Popularising. fri end u s l e' „oariess—Or "popularising," as my m ore g enteel r. Bright, suggests—the doctrines and the lessons Oi se, " they derived from Colenel Thompson ' s pen ; and I think th e on this occasion, Sunderland is fortunate in having th e ° PPortunity of enteersine those strong opinions which SMALL DEBT, ACT.-011 To( eddy the Act . for the lh! e xpressed through Lord Hovrick, by sending Colonel better securing the payment of small debts was issued. In every stage of the measure alterations have been made, and C er e lw Pe'en to reiterate those arguments in the House of hee t nous.—e A pp l ause .) But it appears that Colonel it was only on receiving the loyal assent on Sa urday that it es t e m P-on, b es id e . , being free-trader, entertains other was known that further cerreetions could not be made until te s —ll ens on political questions . a And I hold that I should be Parliament again assembled There. are twenty-five sections '' ve d but a poor advocate of free trade it 1 could not allow and four schedules in the Act. Singularly enough, it dates tiy ; t ree one who was co-operating with me in the advocacy of its operation just twelvemonths from the paseng of the Act pel trad e to entertain his own political principles. But, which liberated some hundreds of poor persons who were in e f e e t h : Is occasion, don't l et us b e mystified. Whatever other custody for sums not exreeiting 2c1., and prevented the ewer ee""s Colonel Thom son may entertain—whether he go one (aeration of some hundreds of others for like stems. It will be sea t farther, or fall one l point short of myself—don't be mysti - well if a reaction does not take place, and creditors pi oceed to The only question at issue in this election is the question extremes . , under the erovisems of the [le law. Debtors !gay te "' t ee trade and monopoly.( Hear.) In England we are in now be induced to " make their peace" eith their creditors heee ea of doing thingsren; et a time • and the question we without patttitig the machinery of the new law into operation. 'The general effect of the law appears to be, that a creditor who of we 'n hand now is that of free trade. It is the question Ises e —e Present g ener ation; and that question will be settled has obtained a judgment , f or any order for payment, from a te re competent court, or any sum not exceeding 201., can cape the tees any other question, about which your el emies at rcueseeroriefy You will ha ve an y -thin g like a discussion i n cetiously and cheaply summon a debtor to the Court of „ki ng _Bankruptcy, or Court of Requests, • provided the 'latter is C'on;rnens. And, therefore, without presided bver by - a - barrister, special pleader, or an attorney spoether Colonel Thempson's political opinions are in all re- who Las been ten years in practice. The debtor may a g e ! ta the same as mine, or yours, or not, I think y u will be examined as . well as the creditor, and, should the debtor • s e e e with me that, as a free-trader, you could 'not send a fail to attend, or . make a satisfactory answer, or shall le to the House of Commons who 'would strike such a 'foe free trade as You w o u ld be the means f p pnear goods,to haveor the een contraction guiltyexetoehfeedadi exceeding t f tf r ho a re u tt ( yd e ed.b e at i il s a h, e e r win i h n iac t yh h b e iteu r e ls, m er.ins e to v at a o- 1 ret urn e e ," , m s acted friend on m left.--( Loud Rl: r e e r e s •) see, yin tea of the placards, it is stated that the Pri'u n for a period not . ti e Ceees of Colonel Thom son's Committee are not all jus - ment is not to extinguish the debt, nor is it to be got rid of- s o f tee the peace, an d are not all gent'emen. In fact, it by a• n order from the Court of anera . ptcy or Insolvent Debtors, but the judge who sent him to prison may orde e r 6 " that there is nobody on that Committee. Why, this _Ninbeing made by the amend of • the Jfe e e d ° : me of an anecdote in Goldsmith's Citizen of the descharg , e on satisfaction d PY itt, where he makes his fashionable fop to walk the park debt anu costs, (eve of the last amend: amendments states o . a Chinese. The park was crowded • but the fop k ept that the actual necessaries of the debtor shall not be seised in s tle tn g s. the Chinese gentleman—. There 'is nobody here— execution and allows him goods, tools, feu., to the value of Si, • tee. 0 nobody at all. There is positively nobody injurisdictions of the present inferior courts may, by an here, pray Then," said the clever Chinese, "if there is nobody e in Council , ' be exteeded to , and ,„ all such apptica tions must be advertised in the London Gazette one month thee teey who are all the people here that are laughing at a c e , — (Great laughter and applause.) Now I think I may be enforce in e manner as before they are considered. Witnesses n d ut . ar k ending when summoned may be fined Si., to th 1 "Y of those ' • of the see and ti sessions T'uld be t Justices - t een e ling you that there is nooody here for Colonel. payment of any debt recovered by j a udgrnent. There is power de t e e ,Pon, is not every body else laughing order has been obtained, notwith at them ? For I given to execute _warrants aeainse the person or goods of a ea ` t eethat from one end of the kingdom to the other there debtor against whom an bee t trie but on e l ou d laugh at Colonol Thompson ' s oppo- standing the removal ewe the jurisdiction of the court in t" • "ere ti ll in . e se p o„„" Th ere never was such an exinbi. which such order was obtained. The Act is only to apply to Pulatemthe world. 'I he idea of a man coming among a ). England. The forms to be used and the fees to be . charged forth in the schedules of the Act. Creditors and borxa oee , ,of nearly 60,000, and offering to bribe the whole by Pledging himself to make such a dock or such a a d re ebt s o e r t s may be !heir own lawyers in the Ma superior w ay e id ea i te m was cer tainly a clumsy one, bu , the the small debts courts are extended and p . tee n iii e which the thing was nuensged by these great justi'sea of mentioned, very few actions will be brought ri t l n sa th tu e trteesrideer Cgs r de a d s th Saturday r` a ce was so str that certainly there - never was any- courts for amounts under 20/. It took effect tio . !II rig mgr ; ange publi c idiculoues They should eat have said anything. SHOCKINti Ceffeeere.—A Spanish eseireal st;:tes th !e if they wanted Mr. Hudson to go to Parliament and that a short time back, as a dealer jq leeches was traveling eir j o b, ey for teem. They spoiled the whole peheme. on a by-road in Estrernadura, he was stepped by a llat4 of Al a h -.owl not have ;aid a word, because they prevented I thieyes, who demanded his money. He assured them that I "in I nsgin e e g, a possibility of doing anything of the kind. k he bad none about him, having~lh expended all thst he had 'tr. Hudson getting up in the House of Commons brought with him. Having aseertaiied that he had told . the ther e " ' n 1 am aware you are not going to send him I truth, they in revenge for thole eisappointment thrust his head in t e the eay _o saue hter)—but imagine him rising into the sack in which h arrieti his leeches. beged' mat in the House of Commons, and saying he ; tightly round his neck Seme couetry peeple passitig not at reee , to Ew e s v for leave to bring in a Bill for con- i long afterwards found him dead, he having been bled to death " n g a dock at Sunderland. Before he had fi nished by big own stock.— Ce . • . and bowel it • the words a peal of laughter would have arisen from all parts of the House ; and then one would shout, " Wright ! Wright !" and another, " Spoor Spoor ?" till iill was drowned in laughter once again.—( Much cheering and laughter.) Why, you may tell them that all the world is laughing at them. And then, what an insulting prioiositeni ! If somebody had gone to Seaham, strong as an Atlas, and said he would make them a dock, or something of the kind, if they would only make him dock-keeper, or chief constable-I could have understood if, in a place like that, people might put themselves under the patronage of any man who would make them docks. But the idea of a town like Sunderland, with fifty-six thousand inhabitants, being asked to suffer themselves to be bribed by the making of a dock, and the bringing to them a railway into the bargain, is such an insulting proposal—that I must say I did not think there was so much impudence extant.—(Laughter.) To do Mr. Hudson justice, however, lam quite sure he is no party to it. Has he publicly said, that he will make you docks ?—(" No.") No, he is a great deal too good a judge. Has he declared that he will make a railway 7—(" No.") Then it is net Mr. Hudson who has said it, but Mr. Wright and Mr. Spoor.—( Laughter.) You know best whether their. guarantee is good for the construction of docks and railways; but you have no claim upon Mr. Hudson at all events. But I presume the town has now come to its senses; and shortly after the thing was first proposed, when it became known that all the country was laughing at it, I do not doubt that there was not one sane man who did noc thoroughly believe that it was all " fudge ;" and if Mr. Hudson's friends kept up a face on the subject, 0 was merely to laugh in their sleeves when nobody could see then. flow can Mr. Ii utisen make docks and railways. If I understand anything of his position and his undertakings—and I should not have talked about them if he and 16s - friends had not made t hem matter of public boast, if I understand his position, .1 believe there is no man in this cohroly whose ways and means are more deeply engaged and bespoken than Mr. Hudson's.—( Hear.) If all that he him self tells us is true, he will want every farthing that he can get from every source that he can cammanil.—( Hear.) He does not propose to find you the money. Who does? If anybody lends money to make docks or railways, it is became he ex pects to get a good return. But it does not require Mr. Hud son to be a Member of Parliament in order to enable him to take shares in these things, if he likes. He may do it now, if so he will ; and I want to show you that he can do it better out of Parliament than in it.—( Hear, and laughter.) I told him so myself the other day. I met him in the lobby of the House of Commons, where he is often to be found, and I whispered in his ear, " If you wish to have any of your pro jects under the attention of that House, 1 would advise you to reetain in the lobby till the business is done, for you are a great deal more powerful in this lobby than you will ever be within those walls." " Why so ? " was his answer. "Why, because if Mr. Hudson gets up out Of his place to speak in favour of a particular railway, he will not be regarded as the most disinte res'ed advocate of that railway."—( Applause.) And men who are disinterested will he quite as likely to vote against him, as any will be to vote in his favour, because he advocates the measure. If or. Hudson wants to extend his operations, and to make other railways in addition to those which be has now upon his handstif he wish to pass other Bills, let him pursue the same course in their operation— let. him stick to the lobby. You are mistaken if you suppose that Members of Parliament can now act in the House of Commons for the promotion of prisate jobs. Great improve trent has taken place in these things. Nothing has given me more atisfaction than the complete change which has lately taken place in the management of private business. Let Mr. Hudson keep, then, in the lobby ; and if he have taken such a violent affection for this borough—if he mourn over your went of docks—if he kindly conceive you want another railway, and is himself dying wilt Srixiety to assist you in getting them, still I say " let him stick to the lobby," for he will be more able to realise his wishes there than on the other side if the door.—( Applause and laughter.) There is another rea. son why Mr. Hudson should not wish to go into the House of Commons. I don't think his debut in public life has at all added to his reputation. I believe he used to be corisidered .at a premituir .in..,the ..snerket; but. since, his . iniroductory speech here,.in public, on the corn-laws antl*free.trade,, he j uo !longer occesietthat position .- I don't know whether apy man has mere completely settre4l Iris Lien' slieanWarcreoorse as a publec mat; but this I krievrethat if I had hakieffed tiir Vold shares in Mr.' Hudson's lines of railway from Bristol to Ber wick, and if my confitlence in him was challenged because he had beets so prosperous, I would, after reading that speech, have felt obliged to take a calm review of myself; for a man who could tusk •such rublatsli. proves himself 'to • be infinitely below, -in intellect, the very lowest,Member of the House of Comments at .tbis,mornent---anst _that. is_ .saying a good deal,_, ( Laughter.) tVcll, here are your two caodidates., ‘ You have here a man who, intellectually, has not a superiorin his day.— ( Cheers.) You have a man—l wish hie had hot been present while I said it—you have a man of most excellent character in every respect. And how has he been assailed ? I don't know what they have not called him. But I judge of men by their fruit.—( Loud applause.) If you can shuw me a better man, a better neighbour, a better ciizen, a better husband, a better father, then I'll give up the contest, and leave it to Mr. Hudson.—( Hear, hear.) I believe if Colonel Thompson has a fault, it is this. He has not sufficient of the quality which in phrenology is called " self-esteem ;" and he has never known his own worth. The absence 'of that self-esteem—that vulgar pride—has led Colonel Thompson always to descend from his own station, to try and elevate those beneath him. When I visit my friend at his house at Blackheath, and when I see the elegant style in which he lives—when I see the manlier in which Colonel Thompson might pass his life, and ought to pass his life; free from the cares and anxieties which he willingly takes upon himself—when I see a man of large fortune living as he does, where the humblest classes see him—willing to lift up the humble man to a level with himself—l say that man ought to be honoured as the greatest of all characters.—(Cheers.) Flattery, I know, can be pleasant neither to Colonel Thomp son nor to me ; but 1 mean to say that he is the most amiable of my acquaintance. I have a theory that political ehon.mists are the most amiable of men; and I remember Sir J. Maekintosh says that the three great political economists—Adam Smith, David Ricardo, arid the Bev. Mr Malthus—were the most amiable men he had ever known. I . add Colonel Thompson to the number ; and say he is the most amiable man of my acquaintance.—(Loud cheers.) if a man give a bad vote, 1 am disposed to treat him just as Henry Clay desired to be treated. He gave what was considered a bad vote; and when he went down to Kentucky, he met an old backwoodsman with a rifle with which he had been shoot ing squirrels. Clay asked him for his vote. " No, no," said the man," I'll never vote for you again ; you gave a bad vote the other day." " Well," said Clay, "what sort of a rifle is that ?" " Never was a better," was the reply, "It never missed fire but once." " And what did you do then?" was Clay's next question. " Why, I nicked the flint, and tried again."—(Loud laughter, and applause.) " Well, then I think you had better do the same—nick the flint, and try again with me." • Now I don't know that. Colonel Thompson has any bad vote recorded that can now be raked up against him ; but if there ,be, why, nick the flint, and let him try again.— (Laughter and applause,) The CHAIRMAN then called upon John Bright, Esq., M.P. for Onrham, to address the meeting. Mr. BRIGHT observed—This is the ninth meeting I have attended during the progress •of the contest, and I may my, without exaggeration, that however numerous and enthusiastic the other meetings were, this excels them all. We come before you, not as electors of Sunderland, nor yet as private individuals, .who, of our own minds, have left our own bushiest to interfere with you ; but we come here (and I consider I do Not overstep the line of strict modesty when I say it) deputed by a hundred or more of the towns of this kingdom, and thousands and millions of your countrymen; to explain what is the cause of the terrible suf • feringswhich the people endure—to ask that now, when you have the power, to strike a heavy, I trust it may be a deadly, blow against the foulest injustice and crime which any Government ever perpetrated against any. people, . you, the electors, will indignantly scent all those mean and base, sordid and insulting • considerations that have been laid before you, and judge rightly for yourselves, lightly for your country, and for those . great principles of justice and mercy, which, if not paramount in the Government, can never tend to the prosperity of the people.—(Great cheering.) We come with a very simple, yet forcible statement; to arraign before the constituency of this borough a law which restricts the supply of 'food, and dooms the poorest' of the people perio dically to the suffering and misery .of famine. The corn-law is a faminelaw ; the men who passed it, and the men who support it, if they know its object and tendency, are men who legislated for famine, ant whose only end—if it operate at all—must be to produce famine, scarcity, and want amongst the poorest of the people. Can anything be more outrageous, more frightfully unjust than such a law as this ?_(Hear, hear.) There is not a clime under heaven where man can live in which wheat cannot be grown ; there is not a man tinder heaven to whom wheat -is not a whole sonic article of food ; there is not probably another product en the earth's surface which will stand so many vicissi tudes of climate and still come to. maturity. All this shows that this great etaple article of human existence, wherever grown, was intended for the whole human family. At this moment, on the continent of America, there is a. bountiful harvest ; there, is also a stock remaining over from last year's harvest ; it has been there waiting twelve months. and no buyers from this country have been found.' The President of that' great Republic has stated in one of those important documents which he is in the habit of submitting to the American Legislature. that the greatest dtfficulty found in that country is, to secure purchasers for their surplus produce. Why is this, then, that now, when the sun does nut shine, and the rain unsparingly descends, that throughout the length and breadth of the land there is a sensitiveness and tremottr, such as one would think no insane person would subject us to if be knew how to avoid it. RELATiVE CLOSING PRICES OF IitMLAVAY SHARES IN THE PiUNCIPAL CLUES AND TOWNS IN ENGLAND, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND. NAMES OF RAILWAYS. I Low Liver lon. pool. Man chestet Aberdeen Arbroath arid Forfar Ditto Half Shares . Armagh, Coln, & Portrush Belfast and Ballymena Belfast and County Down Birkuhd, Lan. Sr Ches, Jnc. Birmingham and Glo'ster Do.. New ( iss. at 7% dis.) Ditto Half Shares Birminghm & Oxfrd. June. BlCkburn, Chrly, & Un. Blackburn, Darwn, & goltn Bolton, Wigan, Sr Liverpl. Brighton, Lewes, and Hast Bristid and Exeter Ditto Neu Bristol , nitl Gloucester . ••• Caledonian . Ditto Extension - Cambridge and Lineoln , Chester and Birkenhead Ditto New Shares . Ditto Half Shares Chester and Holyhead Cheltenham and Oxford Chichester and . Brighton Cliui•net Valley Clydesdale Junction . Corll and Bandon Cork anA.Killarney..•, Cork and Waterford Cork andYotighal. Covntry, Bedwrth, & Nun. Coventry and Leicester Cornwall'.' Diss, Beccies, and Yarmoth Direct Northern Direct Norwich ...... Dublin and Belfast Jima. Dublin, Belfast, & Colraine Dublin and Ga1way........ Dundalk and Enniskillen— Dundee and Arbroath Ditto New......... Dundee and Perth.. Eastern Counties Do. New Do. Perp., 5 pr Cut., No. 1 Do. ditto N 0.2 East Dereham & Norwich Eastern Union Ditto Extension Edinbgh, Glas. ' and Duet.. Edinburgh andGliv:gowi... Do. Quarter Share , Do. New Quarter Shares Edinb., lAth,and Granton Ditto Pref. 5 per Cent. Edinburgh and Northern Edinburgh and I'eebleshire Euinburgh and Perth Ely and ,Bedford Enniskillen and Sligo Exeter,Yeovil, & Dorchstr Garukirk and Glasgow Glasgow and Ayr Do. Qualter"Shares. and'Greema ! Ditto Zhttb Prefer once Glasgow, Drnfries, and Car. Goole and Doncaster. Grand alio . Ditto Half Shares Dit to . Qu'arter Shares Ditto New Ditto Grand Union Great Grinr.by & Sholield Gt Sothrn & W.trit (Irelnd) Ditto Extension Great Munster ......... Great Northern of St:oond Great Northern of Englud Do. New, 40/. Shares Do. New, 301. Shares Great Western Ditto Half Shares .. Ditto Fifths ... Guildfrd, Farehm, & Ports. 97 1 A 111/2 !Aug.l2.lAug.l2. 20 1 4 7p 1: 23% 50% Harwich . llndrsfhl & Man. R. & Can Huddersfield and Sheffield dull and Gains,horough Hull and Selby Ditto Quarter Shares Ditto Half Shares. Inverness and Elgin .. Kendal' and Windermere.. Kingstown and Bray Killarney Junctions • Lancaster and Carlisle..... Leeds and Bradford Leeds and Dewsbury Leeds and Thirsk Leeds and W. Riding JIMU Leicester and Birmingham Leicester and Bedford Limerick and Waterford Limrck, E;inis,& Kit. Junc. Lincoln, York, and Leeds Liverpool and Manchester Ditt,, Half Shares Ditto Quarter Shares Livrpl, Ormskirk. & Prestn Londou.and Birmingham Ditto Thirds Ditto Quarters London and Blackwell London and Brighton Do. Cnsolidated Eighths London and Croydon. Ditto New Do. Guarautd. 5 per cent London and Greenwich Do. Prefrnc. or Privilege London & South Western Do. New Cone. Eighths Do. New, 50/. Shares Do. New, 401. Shares London and York London and Windsor Loin In, Salisbury, & Yeovil Londonderry andeoleraine -Londonderry & Enniskillen Lynn and Ely Lynn and Dereham... Manchester and Leeds Ditto Half Shares Ditto Quarter Shares Ditto SiXteenthS Manchester & Binninghm Ditte, Quarter Shares Do. New Quarter Shares Anchest r,•Bolton, & Bury Manchstr, Bury, &Rosemil. Manchstr, Buxtn, & Matlk Midland... Ditto Fifths Ditto New Do. Cons. ',inn & Derby Midland Gt Westin (Irish) Do Extension to Sligo.. Nwcaat & Darlmgtn June Do. 'New (Brandling)... Newcastle and Berwick ... Newcastle and Carlisle .... Newport and Abergavenny Newry. and Enniskillen.... Newark and Sheffield...... North British • Ditto Half shares—. Northern and Eastern • Do: Scrip (iss.• at 5 'ills.) Do.' Quarter' Shares North Kent North .Staffordshire • North Ea .tern North. Union (A) Ditto (B) North .Wales Mineral Ditto New Shares . North Westeni North Wales Norwich and Brandon..... Ditto 'New' Not.,llelvoir, and Granthm Nottingham and Boston ... Nott., Erewsh Val. & Man. Not tingham and Mansfield Oxford and Binning. Junc Oxford and Worcester Perth and Inverness Portsmouth Direct Preston and Wyre • Ditto Half Shares Do. Pret: 5 per Ct.'Guar Do. Pref. 5 per Ct. is div Richmnd and W. End .1 uric Rugby, Worcester, & Tring Scottish Central ....... Scottish Midland Slit:Meld and Manchester Ditto Quarter Shares 245 55 36 10 10 2;i'q 22 1 4 % 6V 8 1 / 2 ...... 21/3 245. 9 3 4 _ 31/2 2% Bristol lAug.l2. 2 .'' 1. qy ,T, . —t-.+g ~.......4.... a' l . .1...,:, r r 21S: 225. „I 0,7 53" t 2 '-- — 4 T. 6 1 4 - ,, , 50 . ' ' fr 7.11744 -- 4 5 I 73M 264 26 13 , / :, 11 3 4 15 1 ,i 14 43s 6.1. 333 3 12 1 „ 4 601/:2 - 6 15 71-161 43 / 4 203 3 2 34 VI ~:1 y 2 1 _ 25 32 14 11-16, York 3 % !Aug.ll. 28 Leeds. Aug.l2. _, 725. ~~ ". %% 14 13-16 :ull. Had, l lders-1 d . Sheffield., Glasgow. j Dublin, Closed: lAug. 7. '9s. 11. l3?/y - 3514 6 3 / 7 3 4 - 6% ,535. 4d. 55 1 4 129 16 1 12% 30 1616 124 14% 18,;. p 403. 6 1 ,4 .t. , 7 1Aug.12.1 Aug.ll. I` -in,. T~~a ~ f .. _ .~ Ditto ditto (No. 2) Ditto ditto (No. 3) Sheffield and Lincoln Shrewsb., War., and Crewe Shrews.,Wolv.,Dndly,& l3 ir Shrewsbry & Trot Val. Lin. Shrewsb, Herefd,&N.Wals Slamannan . • South Devon'. South Midland South Eastern and Dover Do. New•( iss. 32 1 .) No. I Do. (iss. 331.65.8 d.)„ 2 Do (iat.301.) „3 Staines and Richmond.... Staffordshire & Shropshire Stirl;.ng and Dunferniline.. South \Vales Trent Valley Do. and Holyhead June West London, Old Shares West End & Southrn Coun Wexford and Carlow Warwick and Cheltenhani Waterford and Kilkenny Watrfd.Wekfd,Wick&Dub Waktid,Pontefrct, & lxucle Wakefield • and Harrogate Warwick and London West Lancashire Worcester and Tring • ..... \Vhitehaven and Furness.. Do, New Halt Shares... Wel3h Midland West Cornwall West YorkAdr, Wilts, SonirSt. & \Veynith Yarmouth and Norwich Ditto New - York and Carlisle York•and North Midland Ditto [half So,o - buro ugh lkanch Se;lo‘• 345. p ~ . a ~Q ~' - „: .f E i, .~ _ .a ,_. 15% 10 1 ,4 575. 6di 22 ?OV,, e 5 1/s , 9 % 35 , . 6d 23 V.; .4.•t•1 ~ti 9 4, 71. 14s, i-. -- 21s. 5 ( t 5-16 - - 61s. ,3% 3 3 A 31A 7% 122a.6d.p . ). /4 3 11-161 3%' 314 39 tA 27 1 4 • 26 3p 24 265. p 243 24% 29% 14 1 ,4 1, 6d.pl 3 8 .34 24 -;,4 445. 7%1. 3,1, 17s. 23 3 4 365. 2 1 3/%4 RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. .I:tESIINGTON'S LONDCri AND MANCHESTER DIRECT INDEPENDEN'I7 RAILWAY. We noticed in our last the unscrupulous manner in which the promoters of a quasi-competing " l)ireet" from London to Manchester had " apprepriated" some of the peculiar features of Remirgton's—the elder, better, and more popular lino. Mr. Ashurst is the person who has acted thus ; and, by way of showing how far the op posite of modesty may be carried; he now charges the promoters of Remington's line with having been later in the field than himselt and (inferentially) with having taken up his ideas. Thus doth Augustus Muzzlewig, who perpetrates middling rhymes in toe Bullock srnithw Gazelle, " convey" whole pages from " Paradise Lost," and declare that his prose-run-mad was written - long be fore Milton flourished ! The test of priority is simple. We have it and shall apply it. Let us look to the registration of the two pr. ij ects. On the Ist of November, 1844, Mr. Remington regis tered his line : " For making a direct railway from London, com• meneing at or near Battle-bridge, to Manchester and York r..spectively, by one trunk line to Bedford or thereabouts, and thence diver g ing north-westward to Manchester, and north-eastwardto Yoi k." The prospectus, registered at the same time, was sutntned up thus in the registration:— " Pro;;p:•ctirs of the Direct London, Manchester, and York Railway, via Bedford, taking in its route Chipping Barnet, St. Alban's, Luton, Silsoe, Ampthill, and Bed ford. diverging. thence north-westwards to. Manchester by Wellingborough, K-ttering, Market Harborough, Leicester, Loughborough, Derby, Utroxeter, Cheadle, Leek, and Macclesfield ; and north-eastwards to York by High= Ferrars, Thrapston, Oundle, S amford, Grantham, Newark, between Retford and Gainsborough to Thorne, Snaith, and Selby. Capital 7,000,0001., in shares of 501. each. Deposit 21. 10s. per share." The !inject thus registered remained in state quo until the Ist of May, when it was revived by public advertisement by the Bedford solicitor of the line, and, on the 24th of that month, was a a second time re gist,red. by Mr. Remington. as - follows " DIRECT. INDEPENDENT LONDON AND MANCHESTER RAlLWAY,—Coinineli& it :King's-cross, at the north end of. Gray's-inn road, and thence round to Friern Barnet, Chipping. Barnet, St. Alban's, Luton, Silsoe,..Ampthill, Bedford, Wellingborough, Kettering, Market Harborough; and .Leicester ; thence across the Swannington and Leicester Railway to Burton-upon- Trent, Uttoxeter, Tean, Cheadle, Leek, Stockport, and Manchester." Ashurst's "Direct" - line was not registered until the 22nd of May, exactly six months and twienty-one days after Remington's hail .beeri registered.. It .was' entered as " The Direct .London and Manchester Railway Com pany, carriers by. railway of passengers, goods and mer chandise between London and Mair.;hester." The par liatnentary announcement was as follows : " It is intended to commence in London at Furring don-street, and to take in its route the billowing towns, as nearly as consistent with the surveys now in progress, viz. :—Highgate, Finchley, Barnet, St. Alban's, serving Dunstable, Luton, 'Woburn, Ampthill, Wellingborough, K-ttering, Market Harborough, joining the Midland Counties Railway at Leicester. . (it is intended to proceed for thirty miles to Derby on th ;t line.) It will then take its course to Ashbourne, thence near to Hartingtin and rLoagnon* Liasain*,midway,betwgen Buxton, to. Maccles dela, each of which lines is only four miles distant from the-.ptopomed , 4ine •.(lireot, 404stitockport, ,and4nwil-I•,*nce lolrrnh,rsiine ,funs.!:froaithat..lihe to-•_itratierminus 1. 'at Manchesler." So much for priority of design ! Now letour , yeaders compare . .ths Asharit,;project with. its prtaent a c /4 e,i c d. / .PArPO4e,.and What they 4,21 j? Aug: #,l,;reg;gpcoi, ihen,isyery diffe rent from the line now adv , rtited.. The alterf;tiones are about ks daysiskt! origiimb plan. was ant for one &era litre froldli - ondon to - ,Maneliestway 'but far a series • of links, each dependant on the other. 'Therefore, it had no claim to the name of " independent " and " direct." Besides, Ashurst's original line would g.) to Manchester by a route • very diffui'ent from that proposed at the eleventh hour—a route " borrowed "fr m Mr. Remin gton. Thus the case is elenr--- the origi , ial line is th own overboard, and Mr, Ashurst has quietly taken up the I ical line. This is "stealing the brooms ready-made." Nine years ago Mr. Remington planned and surveyed this ad mirable line. • Is the triumph, the advantage of making it to be taken from him, on the eve of success, by a rival who merely abandons his own crude plans, and appro priates what it is t•lear he could not make? SOUTHAMPTON AND MANCHESTER. A numerous meeting took place on Tuesday at the Town-hall, Southampton, for the purpose of expressing an opinion as to the expediency of supporting the project which hail been laid before the public for the establishment of a direct line of rail way communication' between Southampton and Manchester. At half-past twelve o'clock the chair was taken by Captain Griffiths, the Mayor of Southampton. Mr. LONG, the sectetary, having read the requisition calling the meeting, His WORM?, the chairman, said that it afforded him the most sincere gratification to preside over that meeting, feeling as he did that the prosperity 'of 'Southampton must be im mensely increased by a direct communication between Man chester' and Southampton.' The advantages of such a com munication were so evident that he believed these was not an individual in the town of Southampton who did not perceive them ; W and be was'delighted to be able to assure the meeting that he had not the slightest doubt as to the success of the project. ---( Hear, hear ) The position of Southampton was pecu liarly favourable a , regarded the import of East and West In diAn produce, and the export of those manufactured articles which were required by the markets of the East and West Indies.—( Cheer:. ) It eras of the greatest possible advantage that they should be enabled to supply to the vessel which landed her cargo' of sugar from the West Indies a return' cargo of those articles which were required in those islands, namely. the manufactured produce of the northern and other districts, and this could be effected in the most rapid and economical manner, by opening a cemtnunication betvitehi the manufac turing and Mining districts of the country and the port of Southamptoa.—(Cheers.) . He was most desirous to see this project carried out. He was confident of its succe,s, and he hoped that, whoever should'he Mayor of Southainp`on during the next year, would follows - up his views. The project had received the afraime4, support from fhe'commercial 'gentlemen who had heard of it, and it was but yesterday that he heard that a ComMetclalgentlernir; - in Londou, who had merely seen the prospectus, had stated his desire to become the purchaser of 300 shares, so palpable Were the advantages which must result from this line of communication.—(Cheers.) There could be ne dattbt in 'the Mind of any man of experience as to the success of the project, and he looked upon it as calcu lated to be of service, not merely to Southampton and Man chester and the intermediate towns, but to the country gene rally.—( Cheers. ) Mr. LAISHLEY moved the first resolution, which was to the effect'that, in' the opinion of the meeting, it was of • the utmost importance to the town of Southampton that railway communi cation.in the most direct course should be promoted between the port of Southampton and the manufacturing and mineral districts of the kingdom. He congratulated the meeting upon the unanimity which all parties displayed with reference to a direct communication between the manufacturing district, in the north of England and the port of Southampton. The meeting, which might be truly said to represent the opinion of the whole town, , displayed a degree of unanimity which had not been witnessed before by the oldest inhabitant; and he could only attribute that to the general appreciation of the great advantage which such a communication as that which was now projected would confer, not only on Southampton, but on the country generally.—(Hear, hear.) They had wit nested an immense increase in the exports of Southampton in a few years, since the establishment of the South Western Railway. Mr. Edwards. the collector of customs, had stated before a Parliamentary Committee, that in the year 1841 the exports of Southampton amounted to 700,0401.. and that in the year 1644 t'ney had increased to 3,000.00e1., two thirds of that export being manufactured produce and he added that if this line were opened, the exports would in the next year, in his opinion, amount to 10,000,000/. sterling.— ( Hear,'hear. ) Those were the opinions of the collector of the port of Southampton ; they showed the view which he took of the probable increase in the exports ; and of course it was almost unnecessary for him (Mr. Laishley ) to say that if their exports increased their imports would be likely also to in crease ; and even now, according to the stateme nt of Mr. Edwards, the imports to the port of Southampton of raw material for the manufacturing districts in the north had greatly increased.—( Hear, hear.) That import of raw material for the manufacturing districts through the port of Southamp ton, showed that others had seen the advantages and facilities for traffic of Southampton more plainly than its own inhabit ants. -That,-however, was not so mica a matter of surprise as the reflection that the inhabitants of the north an,l south of England had net years ago perceived the advantages of com. municataon with foreign countries which Southampton afforded, and that this line had not been projected at au earlier period. ( Hear, hear.) Southampton was now a packet station, hut. it was not at all a matter of certainty that. it .would continue so much longer, and the only way in his opinion to make such a matter certain was to open this communication with the north, in which case there could be no doubt that South ampton would be retained as a packet station, so that this afforded another reason, if such were wanting, why the inhabitants of Southampton should be desirous to see the direct line between the port and Manchester established. It ought to be recol lected that opening -uch a means of traffic would greatly increase the power of tradesmen in Southampton, who now had a com paratively limited field of operation to extend their proceedings and amass princely fortunes, by standing, like the London tradesmen, between the manufacturers and immense numbers of. consumers. It was that which enabled the London trades men to amass euchsums of money, and he wished to see the same facilities afforded to the _tradesmen of. Southampton.--( Hear. hear.) The line which had been proposed by the Manchester and Southampton Railway Company was one that possessed great advantages; one of the principal of which was, it would pats through , a line .of country , a great portion hat t which was remaikably. deficient in railway communication , looking at , it in another view, they would find it opening up-in those districts a market for the produce of Spain, Portugal, tbe Mediterranean, and the East. and. West Indies, and, an opportunity of pending off their. manufactured produce in return.—( Cheers. ). The benefits which would be conferred on the towns through which that line of communication would pass were very numerous, for not only would the commercial prOsperity of all, the districts through which it passed be in creased, but the inhabitants* of many of the towns through which it was to pass, who - now only read of the scenery and sa lubrious air of Southampton, could, when the line was esta blished, enjoy the pleasures which such' invigorating air and beautiful scenery afforded. He had shortly alluded to the prin. cipal and more immediate results which might be expected to follow fiom the establishment of a direct communication by railway between Southampton and Manchester, and he should without further trepassing on the time of the meeting, propose the' resolution which 'he held in his hand. Dr. CLARKE seconded the resolution. Mr. 'ANDREWS Bald that he had heard of auother line of communication different from that which bad been proposed by the Manchester and Southampton Railway Company, and if any of those who were at the meeting were favourable to that line, he hoped they would state the particulars and rea sons which induced, them to prefer it to that which had been already approved-of by the ; town council. He knew nothing of this line himself, which appeared to be an adverse line •to that which had been approved of already by the people of Southamptob, and he only knew of such a line being projected by having a paper sent to him that morning, marked private arid cOnfidential"—( A laugh)-=and acquainting' him that such an adveree project was in contemplation, That cornmunicae tion could not have been sent to any one less capable of keeping the existence of such a project a secret than he.—(Laughter.) The best way in whieh to give publicity to such an under- taking, and to h ve Its merits canvassed-properly, was by its advocates and promoters coming forward and stating what were its claims on public support in ' , preference to • that , which had already been approved.by the people of Sodthampton. He , (Mr. Andrews) had onlyone object in view, and that was to have the best line agreed to.—( Hear, heat. ) The resolution was then put-acd agreed to unanimously. Mr. Joseen LANICESTER said that he had the pleasing duty to discharge of introducing to the. meeting .a deputation of gentlemen who represented the opinions of the inhabitants of Manchester, and who would state to them what the opinions which prevailed in that important town on the subject of the proposed railway were. If ever they wished to become as eminent as the men of Manchester, the inhabitants of South ampton ought to associate with them, for association produced identity of feeling, and character ; and he thought that there was no .way in .which this association could be so speedily brought about as bythe establishment of a direct railway corn. municatian between these towns. He would now introduce to the meeting. the deputation. on the part of the inhabitant. of Manchester, - namely, Messrs. Walkinshaw, Durham, Tootal, Ri ni Wheeler.e4 Hear,-hear.) He had received on that day a communication—from one of their repre: , .entativ es , Mr. Mild may, in whicli• that gentleman spoke in the highest terms of the project, and expressed:his desire to become ene of the provisional directors of the proposed Manchester and South ampton Railway.—(Cheers.) Mr. WALKINSHAW (one of the deputation from , Man chester) said he was one - of the provisional directors of the Direct Manchester and Southampton Railway, and he had no knowledge of guy projected line adverse to that.' The objet: of the line with which he was connected.-an.'objeetwhieh had been before the public for a considerable timee—war.the este-. blishment of a direct communication by railway between Man-, chester and. Southampton... 'Eh.e advantages of such a. line Were so very evident, that it vvas , scircely necessary to goat any. great length into a.:description of Ahem, and. he would therefore shortly describe to them the course of the railway and its various junctions. Starting from a point in immediate connexion with the harbour and. docks of Southampton, it would take the most• direct communication consistent with the accommodation of the- inhabitants of the towns and counties through which it would pass—Rorosey, Marl borough, ' Swindon, Cirencester, and . Cheltenham, . thence to Droitwich, Wolverhampton, by the Grand Junction; and by the Manchester and ,Birmingham Railwayto Liverpool; by the Manchester and Birmingham, or .North Stafford, to Man chester;. by the ; Worcester, Shrewsbury, and Crewe, through Oswestry, to 'Chester, Birkernhead, and, Holyhead. and thence to Ireland; and by Liverpool:to Scotland; by the Trent Valley and Midlands Junetion to, Derby, and the North Midland; by the Birmingham and Gloucester, to Birmingham; by the North ampton; Banbtaryeand Cheltenham, to. Northampton.; by the Worcester andlkonainateroand•Gloncester and- Leominster, to the %Stern districts,. accommodating immediately- the .popula tion of Cheltenham, Gloucester, Stroud, ..Worcester, Sm.— ( Hear, hear.) He would :ask them to consider for one moment the social advantages which must- follow from such a line of railway, opening as it would to speedy mutual communication such important and populous districts. Apart from the. ..commercial . and trading facilities which would be thus afforded, would it not. -be of the greatest possible benefit, in a social view, that the operatives and mechanics of Manchester and the great northern , towns should enjoy the recreation which a visit to the Isle of Wight or Southampton would afford them, and by. the aid. of such means of enjoyment and recreation to return to theieor dinary employments with their mental and physical systems strengthened and fitted for resuming their employments with greater advantage to themselves and those who employed their industry ?—( Cheers.) On the other hand, it would enable the tradesman and mechanic of Southampton and its neighbour hood to visit the wonders of mechanical skill which were dis played in the great manufacturing towns of the north, and en large and improve his mind by such a visit.—(Hear, hear.) The town of Southampton possessed the greatest natural ad vantages of almost any town in the kingdom, and yet it was not until after the establishment of the South-Western Rail way that the minds of its inhabitants had become awakened to the importance • of a direct ancppeedy communication with the great mintifactuiiik districts of the country. the capabilities Sciuthaintiton poisesied as .a port, "it was,.still comparatively withont vessels; - for although the beautiful yachti which-,.'Covered- waters were toys for the hardy aristocracy of England, yet they were not the only vessels which ought - to float on the waters of a town that was an favoured. in its natural. advantages. —( Hear, hear.) If he were asked what would cover those waters with a forest of musts?. He _would answer, the construction of a direct railway between , Southampton and Manchester. — (Cheers.) ' If -he were asked what would -make Southampton, like' London and Liverpool, 'famed for its - wealth and ..com merce throughout the world ? Ho' would' answer; nothing but the establishment of such a railway.—( Cheers. ) It had bear correctly stated by Mr. Edwards, the collector of cus toms for Southampton, that its exports had increased, in four years, from 700,0001. to 3,000,0001..; and that, if the direet railway were establi s hed, he had no doubt they would at once increase to 10,000,000/. per year.—( Hear, hear.) That was an instance of the favourable opinion which one so well capable of forming a judgment entertained of the in crease of the foreign trade, if this railway were established. But it was not foreign trade alone which would be improved by increased facility of communication, for Mr. Andrews, of Southampton, stated that since the opening of the South- Western Railway his business had increased to the amount of 10,0001. annually—( Hear, hear)—and they were all aware that since that period they bad constructed noble docks and c_m menced the building of iron vessels in that town. Such were the advantages to be. derived from railway communication.— ( Hear, hear.) The good effects which would follow from the increase of. railway communication with Southampton were so self-evident, that they had perceived by all those who had any knowledge of the subject, and he believed that there never had been a railway project introduced which had received such uni versal and unanimous support as the Manchester and South ampton Direct Railway Company.—( Hear, hear.) As a proof of which, he could assure the meeting that he had received letters frern nearly all parts of England, expressing approbation of it ; one of the letters which he had received having been from an influential gentleman of Kende', inWestmorland, who spoke in a most flattering manner . of the scheme, and requested that his name might be put down for a large number of shares. It had been stated in some quarters, that some of the individual§ whose names were in the list of Provisional Directors had withdrawn their tamed; hitt to that statement'he could give a moat direct and unqualified contra ' diction—( Cheers ) and he could assure the meeting that not one of the Proviaional Directors had withdrawn his name, whilst it was only yesterday that Captain Charles Mangles, the Chair man of the Royal Mail Steam Packet Company, had expressed the great pleasure which he felt in having his name placed on the list of the Provisional Directors. The great object which the Southampton and Manchester Company had in viers was to give the best possible accommodation to the town of Southampton by railway communication, and he was confident that this project was best calculated to secure that most de sirable object. 'They had on•• the list of Provisional Directors the names of three most respectable citizens of Southampton, and he(Mr. Walkinshaw) might claim, from his residence in the Isle of Wight, an identity of feeling with them, so that they would see that the interests of the port of Southampton were properly and sufficiently represented in the directory. Mr. R. LANNESTER moved a resolution expressive of the opinion of the meeting that the line proposed by the Manches ter and Southampton Company was the best and most favour able line, and deserved to be supported. The advantages which would accrue to the town of Southampton, and to the country generally, from the eitabliihment of a railway of "the proposed description, were admitted by all ; but if they would be so great in time of peace, what must they be in time of war, with such a port as 'Sonthamptem, hiving • Portsmouth for its bulwark, and consecitientl¢ the best and safest port in the empire at such a juncture ? The question' for them to consider on that occasion was not which wag the best gauge, a broad or a narrow one, but which was the best and`niost direct line of communication between . Southampton and the manu facturing districts in the north ' • and they should recollect that the line. which - Was proposed by the Manchester and South ampton Company lend the advantage of opining' a commu nication" With Scotland; Wales, and Ireland, and - that . was what might be termed a national gauge. It was their duty in Southampton to avail themselves of their great _facilities for traffic; and in enlighteninent and improvement to keep pace with the age in which they lived.—( Hear, hear.) This . was no time to be behind hand, and if they were, they might be sure that they would lose ail the good effects of their great natural advantages, by their own suiiineneas. It afforded him the greafeat satisfaction to perceive that this project had a fair prospect of success, forit was one that would open up districts containing no less than four millions 'of inhabitants to a con stant corninunication with Southampton, and would in that re spect be a benefit not only to the town, but to the nation at large. He was of opinion that this was the best line, and he therefore felt great pleasure in proposing the resolution. Mr. PARSONS seconded it, and it was carried unanimously. Mr. JOSEPH HILL proposed a resolution nearly to the same effect as the last, that the most direct line of communication between Southampton and the mining and manufacturing districts was the most - desirable, and deserved the support •of the inhabitants of Southampton. It was absolutely impossible to' estimate the benefits which would result from such a line of railway as that proposed by the Manchester and Southampton line. The inhabitants of alan chester saw the great facilities which the port - of Southamp ton would give them for the export of their manufactured pro duce to the East and West India markets ; but if this great undertaking were carried out, the facilities -would not be con ned to Manchester, for the Government -would also reap *he i.elvant age of it in the conveyance of the mails.—( Hear, hear.) There was no difference of opinion as to the propriety of a direct communication with Manchester, and therefore it was innecessary to go at length into that subject. If they wanted proof of the advantages which flowed trom a direct railway communication, let them consider all the good which the South • Western Railway Company had done to the town by opening a communication with London and the intermediate districts.— ( Hear, hear.) That railway had done a great deal of good to the country through which it passed, and it afforded a con vincing proof of the advantage which resulted from railway communication: • The resolution 'ern 'seconded 'by Mr. JORDEN, and agreed to. A petition to Parliament'; to be presented early next ses sion In favour of the line, was also agreed to ; after which a vote of thanks was proposed to - the Manchester deputation for their co-operation and assistance, when, • - Mr. BETHELL, on the part of the Oxford, Southampton, Portsmouth, and Gosport line, - was about to addrests the meet. ing ; but after some discussion it was agreed, that if Mr. Betbell was desirOus of putting forward the -project of a line through Oxford, &c., he should call a meeting for thit . pur pose, as the present meeting had already agreed to citeries of resolutions in favour of a different line. • - The vote was then agreed to. Sir RAYMOND JARYIS was then called to the chair, sad thankchaving been voted to the Mayor, the meeting separated. of LONDON AND' . GREENWICH RAILWAY; • _ A special as well as a general meeting.of the share holders in this Company, met yesterday, at one, in the London Tavern ; W. Shadbolt, Esq., Chairman, presided. The Secretary, Mr. ADRON, read the advertisement calling the meeting, as also the Report, of which the following is an abstract : The Act of Parliament authorising the Compally . t w o a l y ettbei railway •on lease tcithe South Eastern (I: 2 l l o s v t er) ky ßail d of the last Com pany, received the royal assent on month ; by it the Company of whom are to go out of orllirectors from nine to Sire, two eligible'for re-election ; your Direc is.empowtehreed to reduce the number office annually, but to be that their number should, from tors would accordingly ,u g gg , es a t nd their remuneration to. 2W. five, July last . Your an , this day, be ftorn reduced the h iven notice to pay off, on the 31st day Your Directors ave.g of January, 1840, the mortgage or bond securities, unless the thereof shall, on . 9 r before the Ist day of October uext, "' lst of . , writing, their consent to accept interest thereon per centura per 'annum, sa h if o gt l en d ri e ft r yh s , e t h Ti e nit. e of4t, instea4 , of _ 1 , , heretofore payable: Owing to unavoidable delay, the sale to the South:Eastern - (Dover) Railway Omnpany 'of the land not included in the lease 'has not 'been completed, nor the purehase-money (18,0000 received ; ' tint it bears interest at 41. per ceotoin per annum, from . the 25th day of March last,; the loan from the bankers of 15,000 i., hearing, a similar, rate of interest, has, in censequenceOtot been liquillated t Itwill 'be seen by the statement of accounts that the estimates of your Directors 'of the value of the assets and liabilities pf the Company, have been fully borne out by the Tts‘‘4s ; and, after paying interest on the mortgage debt and Having satisfied. • or provided for, every: demand on the Company, your Directors feel justified in recommending that a dividend be declared of four shillings arid sixpence per share on the unpriviledged sharei, to be payable on the Ist day of September next. The CHAIRMAN said it way his pleasing (buy to move that it he adopted, and, that dome, he should be happy to offer an explanatien on uny matter desired by ihe shareholders., Mr. H/TCHINGS would gladly second the adoption of the report, because it was so much better than he ex pected. He should long ago have sold their balance for 500/., and now he fOund it realise nearer 5,0001. The report wat then adopted by the meeting. Mr. iirromcs called attention to the case of Thomas Conden, who had, in December, 1842, been injured by a concussion, and had, as appeared by his petition, been at Intervals , under medical treatment from that time. As he (Mr. [Etchings) had been, however, informed that the petitioner was not so incapacitated, but that he was able to earn 203. a week, he proposed that no present sum should be voted to him. but that he should be sup posed to have a claim On the Company. The DEPUTY-CHAIRMAN said such a course would be very inconvenient, and as there was am i!em already in eluded in their balance she of gratuities to .Icl servants, he Should propose as an amendment that 10/. be added for Conden, end his elaim discharged. Mr. AMENNAN said that one, 01 the *et V.tiatS Of the Company. who was now out of ra, ittrtult, bad been com pletely overlooked, amt he should, therefore, suggest that his name be also added. lie referred to Mr. Hoare, ,who ha.in wife and eight children, and lie thought that 25/. would not-be too much under the circiunstances. A PROPRIETOR thought they ought to he just before they were generous, and, considering the state of that Company, be thought thtkfiha.rebol,ters should bu con sidered before the servants who had all along been re ceiving their salaries for the labour perfortbed by them. Mr. Alderman HUGHES said it was not an uncustomary thing to bequeath a something to old fel-yaws, anti as the•Coinpany might-tow be considered in an expiring state, he could conceive no time butter fitted than the present for that object. The loss to each Shareholder would be a mere fractional part of his divide nd. Mr. Iti'LEt•INAN then moved that 6L be a ...larded to each-of the five money-takers, 251. to Mr. Hoare, and 10/. to Mr. Conden. The resolution was seconded and -carried, • • Mr. CORNEY had but one word to say, in reference to the constant remarks that were made about tee wretched state of this Company. He would but draw attention to the fact, that when they received the ultimate 45,0001. from the Dover Company, they would then be receiving -4i .per cent. on their.total expenditure of a million. He thought, therefore,- things were not so bad as represented. Mr. HITCHINGS said that had no reference to the old -shares. • On the motion of Mr. HITcuINGS, a vote of thanks ' was awarded to the Chairman and Directors, for their •energetic measures under very difficult and, embarrassing circumstances. The meeting then broke up. THE NAVY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SIM. SIR,—If the Admiralty would behave to the captains of the navy they wish to retire as has been done to officers of cor responding rank in the army,' &e., they would have fount plenty that would retire ; but expecting captains above a cer tain age to azcept a. retirement lees than is given to the other professions. is an insult to them all. I hope, as }ou have advocated this ill-used profession, you will point rut the in justice, and let all that retire have the same sum, for they have been in the service above fifty years, ,arid nothing .but corrupt interest,place4 'insist 'of Ahotittut the .Ist Class that have never done.the serviceiof ~,.thgir japiora,..to wbo.an they wish .to , give s "less, tug', that Ip.v,g 'pep!, thrir beat days in her Majesty's service.—l am,' Sir, your coest.xn(reader, ONE. THA'I' - SERVED"TIIEVaOLE OF LAST VAR. London, August 1!, 1134,5. CIIICH4STERELECTION.---Lord Arthur Lennox was on Tuesday re-elected for Chichester without opposition. FEARFUL AND LAMENTABLE ACCIDENT.--7-WINDSOR, TUESDAY.—An accident of a tw.st dreadful nature, which it is feared will prove fatal to 'one of the parties, occurred yes terday evening, between right and nine o clock, to Mr. Stacey, bricklayer to her Majesty, and Mr. Cartland, bookseller, both residing at Eton. They were on their return home from Isle worth, in a gig, Mr. Stacey, driving a horse hired of a livery stable-keeper at Eton, which it has since been ascertained has frequently before ran away, even so lately as Saturday last. On descending, at a sharp trot, the steep and dangerous hiM in Thames-street, Windsor, leading to the Fridge, the horse started off -at a tremendous pace, all attempts to stay its pro gress proving utterly fruitless. On arriving opposite to the bank of Nevill Reid and Co. , at the bottom of the hill, the horse swerved to the right; on to the pavement, dragging the chaise against the iron rails, tearing away the iron and stone-work, and finally clearing itself of the 'vehicle, by dashing between the rail ings and the iron lamp-post. Mr. Stacey was thrown with great force into the road, sustaining very severe iajuriea. Mr. Cartland was discovered under the chaise, aria in a most pitia ble condition, the blood streaming from his head and face, and so disfigured, that the parties who humanely went to his r , scue, and who were his neighbours, were not aware, until scnee time afterwards, and he was enabled to speak, who it was. lie was carried,to the Swan Hotel, where he experienced every atten tion, and five surgeons were almost instantly in attendance. The injuries he received were of the most painful and dB cling nature. In addition to two deep cuts on the forehead, four inches in length, the skin being torn away from the sku,l and hanging over the eyes, his nose"was completely flattened, and a deep wound extended from the left eye to the upper lip. His tongue was also nearly severed across the centre; supposed to have been occasioned by its protruding from his mouth at the time-he was dashed against the iron rails. He was conveyed to his residence in a carriage, after his wounds hadbeen dressed, where he now remains in an extremely dangerous state. IRON, HARDWARE, AM) METAL TRADES PENSION SoCIETv.-011 Tuesday, the annual general meeting of the donors and subscribers to this institution, established for the purpose of granting permanent pensions to decayed members and their widows, was held at the London Tavern, Bishops gate-street ; W. B. Simpson. Esq., Trea,urer, in the chair. The report, read by Mr. Taylor, the Honorary Secretary, stated that since the last annual meeting. notwithstanding the unprecedented depression which had so universally existed in the trades during that period, several new members had joined the institution,- and that it had progressed steadily and satis factorily. The donations and subscriptions during the past year (including a munificent benefaction from R. W. Ken nard, Esq., one of the Vice-Presidents, of 100 guineas) amounted to 6411. 25., which sum, with the balance in the hands of the bankers on the 11th of March, 1844, and dividends on stock, showed a total receipt of 1,457/. 17s. ld. The sum of 1,000/ had been invested in trustees' names in the purchase of stock in the Three per Cent. Consols, leaving a balance in the handsaaf the bankers of 387/. 1 Is. 2d. Report adopted. THE NEW COMMANDER FOR THE CAPE.—R'ear• Admiral of the White James Richard Dacres has been ap pointed by the Earl of Haddington to succeed Rear-Admiral of the Blue the. Hon. Josoeline Percy, C. 8., as Commander , in-Chief of the naval forces on the Cape of Good Hope station. Rear-Admiral Dacres entered the navy in 1796 ; was made a lieutenant, 1804 ; commander, 1805; captain, ISO 6 ; and ob tained his present rank in 1814. In 1807 he cemmanded the Bacehante, and in conjunction with the Medistor performed a gallant exploit by taking the fort of Samana and several priva teers and other vessels protected by it. He afterwards com manded the Guerriere, and in her, in 1812, made a very gal.. lant defence against the much superior force of the American frigate Constitution, previous to being captw'ld by her. I n 1815 Captain Dacres was appointed to the Tiber, 38, at Wool wich, and in 1833 was appointed to the E4ieburgh, and corn. mended that ship on the Mediterranean station. Rear- Admiral Percy was appointed to his command in 141, which station then included the Cape of Good Hope andAhe Breads. The latter, however, is now made a .separate eslernand, to which Rear-Admiral Inglefield, C. 8., was *apporrifed iq. March last, and it is now known as the south-east coast fit A eArica station ; the command of Admiral Deems, therefote, is cot.fined to the Cape of Good Hope station. It is most likely that the Alfred, 59, lately paid off at Portsmouth by Commntiore Purvi s , f rom the Brazils, on account of being such a gotid serveeable ship and in excellent condition, will be selected )4' the lag of Ad miral Dacres, to relieve the Winchester, bit, C a p ta i n Ed ens now bearing the flag of Admiral Percy, EUROPEAN MERCANTILE HOUSE ATBUSIIIitt.—WO were favoured with the following extract of a le '.ter, dated at. Bushire on the 4th of May. It contains information which will, we dare, say, prove interesting tootle mercantile friends A mercantile house has been estealished in this place under the denomination of Floyd, MIAs, and Co. They purpose hav ing establishments for the sale of European goods by whole sale—at Shiraz, Ispahan, Bagdad, Bussorah, Bahrein, sad Muscat, and they will do business on a very large scale. They intend to have a steamer employed on the river Tigris, to carry their goods to and from Bagdad. They intend sending home wool, gums, silks, &c., and if they are careful, and can over come the combinations which the Persian merchants will raise against them, they will probably make a profitable speculation. It iv at any rate a bold one. They have letters from the Fe. reign Secretary to the Court of Persia ' will no obstacles ill be thrown in their way in that quarter. Dr. Floyd was surgeon to the expedition which explored the River Iluphrates. under Colonel Chesney. The Bushire native merchants dread the itifluence that will accrue to these enterprising people, and user to buy all their goods at Bushire on condition that none is sent up the country."—Bonsbny Gentleman's Gazette. The herrini ti-fiery is now in I'lo activity on this coast. Many boats from Newbiggen, Cresawell, Myth, Whitby, &c., are stationed at Cullercoats, from whence nearly one hundred boats sal every evening, rendering the place a scene of great bustle, and affording much amusement to the numerous visitors at present residing at that pleasant bathing place. The fishery, however, has not hitherto been generally successful, though some of the boats have occasionally had " good takes." On Monday morning one boat captured 10,000, which brought the fortunate crew 12/. ; but the privet vary very much, on Wednesday being 255., and on Thursday 35s.'"Per 1,000. Yet even here the effect of railways is very sensibly felt, parties being every morning on the Sands buying to send to Leeds, Manchester, Birmingham, and London; and on Wednesday morning no less than five tons of herrings were dispatched by railway to those places. Newcastle Chronicle. - PRICE OF GoLn.—The premium on gold at Paris is 9i per male, which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, • gives an exchange of 25 38i; and the exchange at Paris on London at short being, 25 52i, it follows that gold is 0.55 per cent. dearer in London thah in Paris. By ad v ices from Hamburglt, the pri ce o f inb ld urg i s h 017 .per London at tent, d ear er in London then in Hamhurgh. Thu Course p f ex - gold is 434 p e r mark, w!:ich, at. the English Mint pric e of a t t ha l t bi go 3/. 17e. 100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exch ange ofl3 9 je endbe i ng t 3 11, t itexch ange fol low tha t ex change at New York on London is lo3i per tent.; and thet par of taXobange between Engl an d anti America 'being short loe 23 , 40 per cent., it follows that the exchange is'OdS per cent. in favour of England. ILthe it quoted exchange at New- York being for bilb c4 . 6txty days' stght, the interest meet. be added tn the above difference. ADVERTISEMENT. Deafness, 39,. Albemarle. street, Piccaililly.—.Acoustie Instrument, which can bts sent to any part of the country by post..:--Invisible Yoiar Conductors, when fixed in the cavity of the ears, are not an comfortable ; nor more perceptible than having a small tiets) of wool in its place. They enable individuals at an ad .anced ages and of extreme deem ss of 40 and 50 years' standing, in,trati to join: ill general conversation, and to catch the 10110 Of distant low speaker at church, theatre, &c. Theypottr tl t conversation Into the ears to such an extent that the am severe cases of deafness eaunot be observed. Also, origin! Ear Cornets Freer - li, German, and Spanish Artileial"Ein and Improved Hearing Trumpets of every deserireion. "Mar ef, those instruments have received the apptobatime oaf tl i Royal Society and !loyal Institution of Great Britain.: )Newly-invented Spectacles, immediately they are olieedhefo extremely imperfect vision, it is brought to eta neur t and original state ; Also, Achromatic Telescopes,. Opt Glasses. Mies4-c.pes, &c. Ca A ti on _m mr , S. an d B. Sol l mus k Opticians, are not tT any way connected wi h a R erp 1 ' ! of the same name in thalr immediate uoighboutbnod, nor in part of the etetsiity : .To prevent mistakes, be cautietis, I • Qbitrie ...9 4 l ‘ ue had at 39, Albemarle•street, PiCeadil opposite the York Hotel. Can be sent in the country by IA ~"'"" 7. ;~ ~ ~,~ `__- f" . D uel cool' tbeig tow° leer ithoo t i aks I Ps ° e Pfr tol l rpo" ,Fol. g et° WO . , 0 , fra f" ;aunt' 4 tor* LI _ 0' g iP6 / ' ij orr °° seb °°' ,000‘11 C ;If ,or )0 cos' 0 11 0 id 11 ;11,1, F.. 4 - , j