The Sun. — London, England, 1814-08-05 00:00:00

Ts- L. . SUN REVIEW, (so. XVII.) The right and Practice of Impressinent, as concern bar Great nritmin anti America, considered.-- :Niu-Rtz:vv, Albemarle-street, pp. 68. This masterly pamphlet is ascribed to the pen of Gentleman high in oilier, and celebrated in the literary world.; and it hears internal marks of proceeding from a person who has access to official information, antL svhost‘ talents are -(l4_ that sitperior ordir, which - enables the individual gift( d with them to make the best nee of elm be=t viaterials. As the subject Of which the Writer treats is one of peculiar interest at this era, and as be has handled his subject in a, manner which renders every elision an act of injustice, we are sure we shall be excused if we T rocea to wake eopiOns extracts from this production, without Marring , their effect by many observations (Yf our own. The author sets out by specifying the appropriate tinie 'chosen by Mr. NiArrisolsT to declare war againit tngland (on the . eve of the Russian invasion) had lie intended to operate a' diversion in favour of BUONikPARTE. - . Ile then notices the -sncesSiVe rearval of all the grounds for hostilities advanced by the American Government as a cover for the real cause, and the lAst pretence, supplied on the emergency of the moment, the question cf imprdsnient, never hinted at before, and only resorted to when the moderation of Britain had destroyed every vestige of those subjects of complaint originally insisted on as the osten sible injuries which must be redressed. by the sword. Consblering' this to be, as it clearly is,. nothing more than a mere pretence to colony devo tion to BtioNArAnTE with the semblance of an American object, the wiiter nevertheless states the arginent gravely., and proceeds to analize the two-fold nature of the Mot SONI AN complaint. 1. Or the Impressment of British' Subjects from American vessels ; and, 2. Of the forcibly taking or detaining Ameri can .e , lmen, under pretence that they arc British subjects. The first of these complaints, - he ja.stly ob serves, , involves the question of Right of Search and Impressment from Neutral Ships in general sectind, that of the practice as it affects Ame rica—and he undertakes to she that the former is utterly ,tiufounded, and the latter grossly exalt= plated. Upon the first head, our right of im prossment, as being engaged in war, and entitled to the services of all the natural -bore .subjects of the State, it is observed, that America. seems to (len) , this'right on twogrounds— . 1..Q0 an assertion of the right of a natural:- born subject of one State to adopt, and naturalize him - self in. - - another ; and to transfer his alle giance to the latter, to the exclusion of the former, . "2. On the general objection to-the search Of neutral ships by a belligerent.'' The Author, however, shews, from the best writers on the law of.natiOns, that every country must, of nerqssity, and for self-preservation, pus m!ss this right, now questioned for the• first time ; d thus, conki titles " But this duty of allegiance is not 'only uni versal, or applicable to every subject, b;tt is inde feasible, and cannot be put oil. It is an engage ment contracted by the citizen at his. bit th, and ro-exis!ent with his life ; for, if: it were other wi!ze,—if every individual were to have the Power of transferring his allegiunce at his own will and pleasure,--the greatest crime known to the law of all countries, n'tmely, High Treason, %could be come a safe and profitable practice. If- it were. tawful to change a allegiance WICC, it would be lat~ful t , ) change it as 'often as the individual pleased—ft-bin England to America, and from America , back again to England. Men- would change their national character to evade the re o.u:sitions made on their personal or pecuniary service. Deserters from the cause of their coun try would be merely neatrafizd citizens and de serters to the - enemy, citizens who had transferred their allegiance ; the punishment of offences against the laws of God, and of the land, would be evaded by the transfer of the allegiance of the offender, and the whole frame and state of So ciety would be disordered and subverted. • ‘"l'he doctrine which leads to these monstrous conclusions, and which nb nation of the old world ever thought of, it remained for America to ad- vance." • After noticing a probable reason why America should thus - endeavour s to erect a new system of ' i n t er -national law, sic. the European code, _being us yet of 'no use to this young country, the Writer ably, refutes the false allegation set un_by the ene my, that a similar naturalization of 'foreign sea men was legalized in England by 13 Geo. 11. sap. 3. which enacts, that - after the year 1739, every foreign seaman, who " shall have served two years in one •of his Ma " itsty's ships, shall be taken' to be a natural " burn subject' of his Majesty ; and shall, be .en v tled to all-the privileges, powers, rights, and " capacities, of a,natural-born.subiect, - " Now this Act," says the writer, " is alto gether in favour of the foreign seaman ; ,it imparts to him a new character without obliterating the old it confers privileges. and capacities on him , it, Protects him iu his pe rso n an d pr o perty; hilt it never rias bee n construed or considered to create any new liability in _dui foreigner, or 'to exact from him any thing inconsistent ,with his allegi ni►cc to his liativC Sovereign ; it Makes him an Englishman in civil and personal concerns, as for cis he may choose-in be one; but interferes not with his own wishes or his Sovereign's right as to hiS personal services or his natural allegiance. - This is 90 tytil uniter,t , ood in tI7gNO(I, it has hap pened that a foreigner has been disclo” . ged 'from the Briiish naval service on the round of his being.ft foreigner; And yet if wages or otliei-debts front lodivicluals have been (life 'to him, the Soli citor of the Admiralty has beets directed to silence a suit -agaitist the debtors in the foreigner's brUalf, which be - himself might not be able to du for want of means, and which, if his nation should be at war with Great- Britain, he .Couhl not .dc) without the assistance of the special law in his favour.. " To this may be added another fact, that, where the discharges olforeigners from the Bii tish sers'ice have been demanded by the Agenni of, America; ori,ny- other State„or by the individUals thenelves, it never has been set up as a bar against that (l-emand,. that ‘...they were •na.ruralized,by two years' service in the British navy.' " A few words num: will conclude what I have to say, gcuerCily, as to foreigners iu . tl,c service. " l'ha right of ImPREts.sING foreigner. let me state, is, not only not claimed,- but, 'absolutely disrlaimedin principle and prohibited in practice : iu'thc cAse of the voLuNraitY enlistments of fOrcigners, it will lgt found that the practice of the British Admiralty is -et:insistent with, and efirroborative of, all the principlcs fur' witich I 'have beLore contended. • _ _ . " That practice recognizes (is was stated in the House of Commons last year fronoovhoritv) two diptinetebaracters in every•foreigti-seaman :—the one individual and perishid, the other national. In the former character, any aeanl nnty volun tarily enter the British service ;, anti having thus, (if his own accord, entered into an individual be is not permitted ag4io to change his mind, and depart from that eng-ageMent.. He vo luntarily renounces his individucil rights as it fo reign eitilen, And is not allowed, at his pleasure, to restnme them. ' , " Bit the natio;ml:character is not an indivi dna% but a public right': it [wrongs less to the . seaman himself than to the Soyereign . Mi..) has a claim to his service ; and it is therefore a►iotitted that eve►t the volitutary entry of a foreigner into our navy cannot bar the right of his So►•ereign to reclaim him. _ _ " Thus, then, the . aprikations of : ipdividuals who have voluntarily entered are resisted, though the claim of their Sovereign for their release is acceded to." Some further excellent remarks follow these ex tracts, aud theargunteut on the first head is thug concluded— " It is therefore wholly unfounded to say. that, the practice or principles of Great Britain, with regard to other countri,s, afford America any e%attiple or excuse for detaining from her, under pretence of American naturalization, her natural b'orti subjects. " I have thus stated some of the causes by which it .appears to Me. that America. inlay have been led to endeavour to subvert a prin‘eiple which all other civiliied nations.,have recognized, and to contend for a doctrine which would .go far to subvert all notional society. " I think, however, I may venture to assume, that the law of nature, of reason, of Europe, and of England, will not now he abandoned to these American pretenstins, and to hope (as the only, means of peace) that the Government, or, if not the Government,, the people,• at least, of 'the United States, ate not 'determined to continue an aggressive war, for the sake of establishing (not for the advantage of their own citizens, but in . favour of the runaways of other nations), an ab stract proptaition, false in pfineiple,' mischievous in-practice, refuted by all writers, and rejected by tie unanimous wisdom of all ages and all .nations." . . ;:ro he cunOnucli.) AIR, POLE. .This Gentleman has arrived in Ireland to attend the Assizes of the County (Queen's) he represents,. and also to. be again re-elected for the same, in case his Constituents shall think proper to return bins, on his seat being vacated by- his having been appointed Master of the Mint, which has been made a Cabinet situation, to induce bins to accept of it. We rejoice that he has been admitted into. the Cabinet. Even when we condemned a certain portion, of his political conduct here, we were conscious that big views, in other respects, were favourable and economical for this Country, and that he set his face against every thing that was sordid and jobbing. - We also know that his con duct in 1798 was excellent, and that in the rellitive duties of Landlord and Master, his example has been most praiseworthy. In a Country mostly Ca tholic, if his Tenants and Servants were not wholly of that persuasion, they were nearly so, and that in indiscriminately selecting both lie was only led . , to give a preference to moral worth and long resi deuce. Claims founded on these causes were never, overlooked or forgotten. • We also knew, that in the dispensation of those favours and offices an nexed to the situations he filled here, be was never guided by the Religion of those who sought them. In the Queen's County, the benevolence and character of his amiable wife and lovely daughters will long be remembered, and that his purse-strings were never closed against the calls of the distressed or unfortunate - . With these claims, be has little. to fear from an appeal to his Constituents. We warmly opposed every part of his political conduct while Minister of Ireland, which we looked on a's, injurious to the interests of his country : for these errors be has since Made ample atonement ; and with the enlarged and liberal Views With whiCh he will enter the Cabinet;. we deem his admission into it a fortunate circumstance for the Country at this period. .Nor can we overlook, on the pre sent occasion, how much the Empire owes to the Wellesley Family,—We shall' conclude this para n-rurils with a circumstance which - has conic to our knowledge s: Mr. Pole, on his arrival, applied to Mr. Lidwill, (who happened to, be in Town,) for his support - in the Queen's Count - y, sv,ho briefly answered, " I will give it to you,- such as it is, warmly and anxiously 3 for I do not think I could give it to a better man."—Can we have a !otter or more honest guide ;—(From the Dublin Evening PcQt.) i i viti 4!/ . the SWEDEN' to the NORWEGIANS. NORWEGIANS—Destined by nature to an union with the Swedish Nation, your fate t, as decidcd when the King of bEl4MAßK'ceded tO SWcilen, by the Peace of KM, his rights over Norway. The advantages your old Sovereign derives; front that Peace are known to you. He obtained, mediately after its signature, the evacuation of the Duchies of Schlesvig and Holstein, the restora tion of the fortresses of t•lueltstadt and r:re dericsort, an acknowledgment of the Sound duties, • Ott' giving up >Df more thin twelve millions of contribiitions impOsed th't Du chies, the renunciation of an equal sum for captures made (hiring peace ; a considerable stun in money, of which part has been paid ; and, filially, the promise of the cession of Pomerania, upon' the surrender and occupation of the fortress of Konswinger, Frederickshall, Fcedcrickstadt, • and Aggerli uns " 'lltcse great sacrifices were made to Denmark, only because she promised that you would peace ably, and without opposition, acknowledge the authority of the King of SmirYr.g ; and you will -appreciate them on reading the treaties which united Sweden, Rtssia, England, Prits-,13, and Austria against the ,comnion enemy. Norwe gians !if in this I.lge these treaties could - be eluded by civilised nations, good faith would no longer .exist upon vetrtlt. " At the period when rim . Government fur nisite".d to France some thousands of seamen to man ships of war, Sweden perctived the ind;spen sithle necessity of rendering herself.indepeadent of the Continent ; she • refused to bow 'before the idol of the day, and confidently relying on her self, and on her constitutional laws, she dared to invoke them in favour of Ter children, and reject ed the :demand of an equal number of seamen : she did more, she unites herself at a period the most eritical recorded in our annals, with a Mo. , 'larch whose destructinn NAFoutoN had 5w0rn. , ...- She feels proud, however, in having anticipated the resolution of so twiny other nations. " Norwegians ! small States arc always moved by the n►ore powerful: you cannot form nn lated goverment : and the pl•.n of the man Who miSleads yo►f is to unite one day the .Crown of Norway to that of Denmark ; but nature, in ac cordance with sound policy, wills that the Norwe gians add the Swedes should be friends and bro thers. It is also as brothers that the S►redes wish to live with you. „Sweden and Norway united, and lending each other mutual support, will pre sent on every side an impregnable.front. fist'. lated and disunited, they will have eYery thing to fear both front themselves and from others. Look at E,v,land,---that island, so famous, founded her prosperity on a similar union. That of Norway to S►veden is guaranteed by the first powers of the world. " - An experience of many centuries proves that the divisions of the North always led to its ruin. This' idea had struck die great Gt.TTA.VtIi. After having laid the foundation of the peace of Europe, and consolidated the ProteStant his'plan was to effiet your union with Sweden : death put an end to his design. Its consequences have been pernicious to you. Norwegians ! after the memorable battle of Leipsic your interests must have told you,. that your• union- with Sweden could alone constitute your happiness and establish your• security. The . Great Powers wish this union. All of them have recognise_] that it was time to put au end to the dissensions which must result from the separation of the two nations. Will you alone ()prose the the general, will ? Will you alone combat the Swedes and the Sovereigns who have go irantecd your union with us ? Their glory, their interests, the sanctity of 'Treaties in fine, demand its accom plishment. . ' " I come in the midst of you, with.the hope that you will treat as brother's that brave army which I lead back from a' campaign as glorious . ass astonishing. Neither this arti►y, nor that which has been for a year stationed- op ..your frontiers,- desire laurels which must be tinged With your blood. Tl►e Swedes are like you, Members of the Scandinavian family ; and battles between the two nations are equally-repugnant to nature, to -reason, and to sound policy. " Norwegians ! •suffer -not yourselves to be heated by time instigations of the individualS who have only their personal interest in view, Sacri fice not the ‘Vellare of .your country to the de ceitful illusions which they present to yon. Open y o ur eyes to the dangers into which a criminal ambition is precipitating you. Sweden will not lay down her arms until sh►e has effected an union necessary to her safety and repose. You may • prevent the calamities of a weir which care only he advantageous to your seducers. Look forward to the futurity which awaits you, and to the glory and prosperity which must ensue from an union of the twd nations. ' • ,- •" Norwegians ! reject, then, an influence and errors, equally unworthy of you ; let the national • ‘viii sPeali, and fix its laws under the vegis of,an enlightened and beneficent Monarch. lie offers you, with the removal of every semblance of war, independence, liberty, and - the guarantee of all your priVileges. Your fidelity shall he time pledge ; his virtues shall be your security.". -'l'o AU'll-101t.i AND ITIiLII , - 'TILE gVti REVIEtC. o f our 6fst pkite, We lime again int:e. l .ted a Piiisr i -- t° 0 . Revie, of Literary Works in thiS ':;Tournal, upon Vr •:: Faic.! been acting since the date IS 16th N Yithe. to f.iinl that the idea has been itlti ig hl y a pprove d , Alttriiitoiis, and tee trust this notice will he Authors and,,Pahtishers in the country , to wiont 'vt 'tot sel::1 .Copies of the Pan rospectus, as intiot 'n ti ° " the Cidcloni; of Tile SUN are totally op ets tothetc. dnc`.ivns • „,•0/ Now that Parliamentary Intetitenee ha s crated to 0,1.' i,^'ne: and the inaux of Foreign NevS is neiiii;:s`r so iert' a ' sr ar r portant, we shall Lave it in our I /diver torn}'rt:;3l tut to all literarytommunications. We take this opportunity of acknewiedging ° o pt" lliitia de Lacy, Norris—Aliso:es of Caril)rhige—Nlopstoeli's Letters--Aneett o te.4 0 4. Grahato'l Lettexs on India, tnany o ther Pli t.lll ` uLI,MI 1 , 7remarlis bet wlrich shlll very speedily appear. .0 1 Y4.111.N. .%); Guttenbtirgii, i St. Scbastianf ' f" - Jersey, i Dublin., Du Gottenbtu-gtr, 1 kio"" - bun, 2_l-hunburgn, 1 Wattrfurd. • PRICE tit' Tim; nAy Al T 3 per Cent. Red. GSii 3 per Cent. Cons: 4i7i 68 4 per Cent. Cons. t 3444 • 5 per Cent. NaVy aria. ”6./ 97. flank L. Ann. 1b 15 7 1titn5 E. E.v;rbN • SIC iEl.t A p India Noistis, itis• St ock-Brotri-, No. 2$ A ,C 1)(11 No. t (;01'41.11111-511-0- • . - „ O NIGH WATgit AT I.ONDON 111i11)(;E'rfo , o ' r !, Nutilizi-g, 1 . 1 minutes after 5: 1 Evuniiig,...l.6 Wilit, tt. „ (t, ' 3 , 7 , - - • THE S LONDON, FR IDA Y, AUGUST 5, ;814. BRI PAIN'S COMMERCIAL PROSPI,-.13 , pier At 'this. auspicious period, we haye surei mm n communicating the following gr sti.a cil intellignc.e. No kronder the Wealth the s ii `; : 0 0 from Ships, Colonies, and Commerce, have excited a :4v:ions Tyrant's envy. Oe' By the Redovery whaler, arrived frow 5t.'16111 Jena, accounts have been received. darell June, of the under-mentioned I . 4llips 11 . " 1u and China having sailed thence for 2d of that month, under convov of his i t bkr o l° ships Clorinde, Semiramis, brig, viz. Pi incess. Charlotte of Witlea, Marquis WellimOn' 014" William Pitt, Il .ugh Inglis, Lord Melville, - ( -4 c 111 • 1' „ - Martinis of Ely, Pt rseveranee, Charles Grant , Essex, Cantoerland, ley; Elope, Inglis, Atlas, Princess I. osllW .b r oO r Ceres, Retreat, Sir William Puttenev, Union, and Here:ortisliii . e. r The Glatton sailed front St. Helena , on le ward bound voyage, the 6th June. • , deb./ In addition to the,above ec ' 00 0 to state, that seventeen of the ships Chioa, and the other twelve front I , o l‘ ol The arrival of this valuable fleet is hotolY t ‘ for. On the tuost,moderate not be estimated at less than '7'cit lin3 - ---one of the richest that ever Shores of,England. t I Accounts have also'been receble l a announcing the safe arrival of the -hag' bound West India Fleet at Itarbadoes• AltiP \Ve have received no' French rapers tog'i4 t circumstance very t usual, but pr=-'v`''Ad" to the Packets' being detained wind. preceding column ‘V In Ina l eS' cellent Proc.laarAtiOn, i ssue d by t he Gre' s;l: o 4 of ,SWEDEN to the Nom:co-lulls. . I ilic' . J p b D I; (1 trust it wl.l • 1 f ploc.nce the desired iffec., ,orp• vent the - needless 'effusion of blood. '''' ~01 1% ! beset on a ll sides, and divided i " lci •` 4 ,coo' , notwithstand.ng the , very successful c' e '" l 0 1)°' Prifie - % ' , CELAISTIAN and his -Party, acl i t l 11' 4 ill be found. 3 V e i fiti ce the erroneous feelings Of a noble peoPle' ti,,l' 1 i be 0 resist the united desire of E u rope, ' n .' • I i ; 0 1. of Sweden, backed by solemn' treati-c'z' • •rs• armed co . -operation, of its princiffl PO'L We yesterday . • fl 117°'3 -VC bigotted re.csta : )l i n: l i l t: 1 : insulting g v e O t P o , ' :t .l ll ) : : e cl P A c l , r o ce ; l : the delivered h. _.. ,:.,e.tii:::: iui ,i): ii el p i ii\ ) l e a a d r e r c i l a .i . n the French Papers two °. II 1 0 0 -'' le t ' c't C' e fused to poraries ; 1, ',l"r" , appeared to us subject of g:l)altiCe)tsheenitrirnilteanttisni;ofieitlig)itsb.: 0:0:::: 0:: Spurn are well-known. \lle ',„tci''', e.; L i l' v - ~ e , upon those measures of her Goverao'c'it: ioiov and while we. tare cahnlY ce!„,1)14 03 c .4 1 sound poli to savour little of eitlilecoe resl;,„ cY , we have never forgotte' cn t ‘,, •ct t b ee ° due t o a ,., • 1 im.ependent country ; re'l v il i i, b.e.corning in Britain, because she los 11 '` I c i e st ° II I, able to lay that country under the gr e '' 6 ,1 0 % gatons. AVe have -been oware th at tile te . . 6 b ivi, , „i -' charact er, feelings, informat.ion, 114- , Sv e 1 e j essentially difrerent Iron! Brit•lsii, 3 '''' iall` P it not competent stt'oatityo;shteil:::: it _,Ll;i l with pain, something so very rev°ltillit then.? t 9 %,e,s'',.. But there i,.05 iv Prr - r --- - , \~ ~H of fie th an gi coune St ate ta c t 1411 11 he ard that tt att,. 4 44. It ~li' I t ,Pr 44, t 114 t te 'l Iv• 4; cttti