The Sun. — London, England, 1850-09-27 00:00:00

4 1 116 HoNoun said this was just the case of all cth ers fn wliehthe• power of. invrisonment ought to be cn i'e", told an order of connuittment for ono mont h °41 (1 issue with costs. 110W-STREET.—(THIS DAY.) i Putri c k 0' Henuessey and Mary 011ennessey, his t i l la ghter, were placed at the bar before Mr. Henry , ~a r ged under the following circumstances: — 1 11 01 as Brown, a drab man in . the employ of Messrs. Li on an d P er ki ns , d e p o sed that he was in the White 1 , 1°4 public-house, Drury-lane, last night, and the pri fritters we Neitherre there. of them had t was drinaken king s any ice of the n eine gin with some P 3(18 .0t N. I ! o ners until the female, without the slightest provo -444m, rushed "at witiess and struck him a violent blo w 04 the head. Witness pushed her away from him. In ku,ifistant the father drew from his pocket a clasp fielfe,t's and, opening it, deliberately plunged it iuto his tv aiming the blow at the eye; the c heek-bone, how - er, arrest e d the blow. „ veral witnesses corroborated the above evidence. 'he male prisoner was called upon for his d efence. He stat ed that th e draynian had pulled his daug hter about, h he resented it. th:he ease was remanded to bring othe r witnesses on side of the defence. l e ' - P atri c k W a l s h, t he p ug ilist, was charged with vio tztitlY assaulting several police-constables whilst in the eeutien of their duty. st ,, T he barman at -the Red Lion public-house, Princes b;,e", stated th.t the prisoner was drinking for some t i", 1 1 ", ia their house and became very noisy. He car se4-2,11. is on to such an extent . that they were obliged to ‘ 4 for the police, and it required the united efforts of ' constables to remove him to the station. He had lie v i ,r 4 dy bruised several of the police , his b lows beiu g t d„ iYered with s uc h force and precision. The priso ner's t t ,, (l vvaa fearfully cut by the blows from the truncheons constables. He had been several times in custody, and xt tne'charges were always assaults. 14 - ' 4 r: HENRY sentenced him to two months' imprison- ,„ WE ST MINSTER BRIDGE. itl -the following is the evidence of Sir C harles Wood, Chancellor of the Exchequer, before the Select W t amittee of the House of Commons, to whom the Ottninster Temporary-bridge Bill was referred. show the course which the Government took with reg ar d to the Bill. The statement of the Right % t en ,. Baronet was made in answer to a questio n from -4 .„.• Inglis :- 0: 44 1846, when I became Chancellor of the Ex gs;.,,quer, the bridge was supposed to be in a dan tlrala state. At that time I employed Major Bren er) an engineer officer, who was also in charge of ipguleering works under the Admiralty; be in th,eeted the bridge, and reported upon its state at that d t i' ll set to the effect that it was not in immediate t e ger, but that it was in a very unsound state. He h "intended certain works to be undertaken which thad been suggested by Mr. Walker, the engineer of e e bridg e , w hi c h cons i s ted principally in lightening of t ,i l PPer part of the structure, in suppo rtin g two it ab r piers, which were in the mo st dan g erous by certain shores and piles driven into the i e . ' and in placing stones round the foot of the kis.Land other works, which were then executed. t e ,' walker has, from time to time since that period, ppr e le 3 ented the bridge to be in a state which in all 4 1 11 in would, before very long, require, what I 411 1 in fact, call the erection of a new bridge. ",, e Y matters were not then quite so flourishing Po p '", e Y have become since, and I therefore post doing anything as long as I could, relying h u t i d --e constant inspection which was made of the if 2 0 1 Mr. Walker being directed to report to me th er ssaY inmiediate need arose for taking any fur port Measures. In the autumn of last year he re desired,to me that the sinking was still going on, and I G e ,' e u• Sir John Burgoyne, who is the Inspector kleijet,al of Fortifications, an engineer officer of great it, ' T ,' O inspect the bridge, and to report to me upon lh er 'le associated with himself Major Aldridge, lino.. hp, e ngineer officer of considerable skill, and they 1 14 por ted that the bridge was in a state which might key , 3r some time ; that they did not think there was it , Immediate danger, but that the bridge clearly 04 D , h te in finch a state that no great length of time s ti % t to b e su ff ere d to e l apse without taking me lea :Jur erecting a new bridge. The Com missioners le g t hen to c ons ider whether they would, as ha d been t eial gested at one time, use the present bridge as a tk la P t er arY bridge whilst a new bridge was in course of e 4e r uction or whether it was more expedient that ite e w bridge should be on the actual site of the es te b g bridge, and that a temporary bridge should lag built alongside of it, to provide the means of cross -1111 " river during the time which would be em ..yeA i the ein the erection of the new bridge. I believe liti ( 6; et to be that the foundations of the existing tr o p are so bad, that wherever the river is to be tti c i le cil what really and truly amounts to a new tlv o g e Must be erected. We were told tha t nearl y , t eke Y ,: ar s would elapse in - the construction of a Nta s : . ;',arY bridge, and that it might be made ver y Iveuipie existing bridge, so that t he a pp roaches ten t }: : he, in point of fact, from the ends of the pre lore;;idge without entailing any great exp ense in the ‘l' elation Of those approaches. One great objection, i lia i' r se, to removing the bridge fro m its p resent th s, that claims for compensation for injury caused titi e ° Property - on each side of the river by an &he t') of the existing line of street m i g ht be made ‘ / r a th' er Y large amount indeed. As reg ards this side t he b : river, the -claims would not be ver y material, 11 ) :V e rty being partly bridge estate property ; yet th , Lambeth side the claims would be very large tre k ' .orid ge were removed to any great distance 4 !t r ite present position. It appeared that there I(l ,ne r ; iln ds belonging to the Bridge Commis , independently of the bridge estates, IJE tti tth Would be quite sufficient for the purpose of „NI p iin g a temporary bridge. The cost of the erec tkt °f any permanent structure would be far beyond l'ite l quich the funds of the Bridge Commissioners ,kti v i s - % Meet, and I should doubt whether it would be Ilt ee aule to sell the property for that purpose ; I be ktty it Would be more advisable to keep th e pro -4,41:,!0 that th e annu al income from it wou ld be hi t ,"'" for the purpose of meeting the ordinary re liSee.°f the bridge, and I think, ther efore, that te er , v ,er we_ come to erect a permanent bridg e, Par e must appropriate a sum for so do in g . B y l ave 'girl Acts relative to Westminster -bridge we Itr e • power to repair the existing bridge, but we Ne e t ° Power to erect a temporary bridge. The I ' l (ite r ,,,°t * the present Bill is to authorise the Bridge b avq'ssioners to spend the sums of moneys which they i tid k p ri hand, for the purpose of erecting a temporary " t t 'ttr on — a t AIr. Barry, I. believe, had formerly some ob the 0 the present site by reason of its proximity 1 4 h.lelv Houses of Parliament, but I understand I, wi th () s i t !'" changed his mind, and that he now concurs K ` s eat si; uer s in thinking that the present site is the sqie 3t se for a new bridge. A meeting of the West fltkeehrasbridge Commissioners was held some time P a 7: it was then determined that we should apply rve r -r ;ilent to grant to the Commissioners the kid s ._ erecting a temporary bridge, which they , 4 0t do under the existing Acts of Parliament.' emerj x. ra 40 RDINARy ATTACK.—The Courier. de Li i'4lo 6 ' v ee the following cco-nt of an audacious attack () •^4l the 18thenthepeareee " of M. Gondinet, ex-sub-pre - Ntd 't• Y • • - on horseback to his te at nem : - He was pro ce eding • 'tag-Marie, when he was met by a man wearing a_ tal b ear d, w hi c h en tirely covered his face, and a paper, a „ va d need towards him saying, "Read 4 to Per I s , PK' h . beg of you. M. Gondinet, without hesitation, V, 41 bill korse and took the paper, and observing that it i h ' t s of exchan e without signature, told the man it ‘,4,41:-"out value, fs it was not signed. The man, who had d h ; ltr i - „ l tela time laid hold of the bridle of the horse, repl o ie 1 Trd.4;,",,,it, and you must sign it for me," and drew a p ig k ' n li t ""e from under his blouse, with which he threatened t ile' of Gondinet unless he immediately signed it, and 1," 1 , 1 4 i h s e stne time presente . d an inksfa . nd and pen. While ' c N ' w eaPon and the inkstand in one hand, he kept the ) s , l lae t i ll i t .the other ; but a sudden motion of t pick horse having 11 to drop the knife, he stooped'to e 1, up, when I th 0 11 ainet spurred Lis horse and galloped ' ofl; e t . rt a ki . n ill tl ‘ r , l 4o lll t ,e Paper, which lie had signed, c.onsisting D the following day M. Gondinet, accompanied e tr' 4 ) ) e ndarmes, went to the spot, where they found pqard, a cotton blouse, and a cap, which were recog • ed 11 . Gondinet as having been worn by his assailant. e ' l ye search is being made to discover him. d liill : llBeierle e — s methin to swear by, for conscience, elertgulated b;the opinion of the world. Journal Mate standard of morality.—Eliza Cook's hi • ok 0 14 e , i sz°l '4 l 'ruv.—A congress of hornceopathic phy • "V surgeons was held At Cheltenham on the lith_ Itt•iials?rnocietn,e learned and interesting papers on the " prov eth,, Alla cid 'ernes, &c., were read by Drs. Black, Drysdale, k 511 1 0 ,`," , and a discussion followed. In the evening, tiNs t s 'Y Medical men dined together at the Queen .Hotel, 10, 114 :tit whom were Drs. Chapman, Chepmell, Guiness, " tt Al 411, Fearon, Dudgeon, Willis, tier, and Guillaume; I.4,"sre• Engnll,Hering, lake, Wilson, &C. I.,%Vteesa.or.y growth, conceal . the fruit, but they have 4 1 t 1 4 4 . itu rtz,oo4 . , n s a jo w u i r t , h w o l u . t them there had been 11 1 4t4 ile b e: 811 r. — This is another instance of the many too,. " the influence of, the Montreal Gazette. W ere deprived of our d still. In the °V "3' "invaluable journal" and of the Girt e ut, matters vvould come to a stan tt ease, we are entitled to the thanks of the contractor the t: t 4 rrirti tu en e i e urnMunity, and to advertising . prices from \ 4 71,,, dv " lhe Montreal Gazette is the first paper that ° , lts,7_, rea ds and the only paper that anybudy.need read. Gazette. n k344 le ) 1 , i,- abit etf . the - Jersey papers are congratulating to pf;4es is of that d upon the importation cf tly . rty twelve ca l ts a , n a mark of progress. The cabs 0, 6` the first time, on the pier last Saturday. rt mr° *, s t "ENARIAN. On Sunday week, John Over 11,tekedT.iemate of the Magdalen Hospital in Gloucester, i .4rh his 10 0th year. Some of the ladies of the neig 1- 440 1 i1 °134 t the whom the old man had become known, fur -6 Materials for a supper to the inmates of the w erk 11 celebration of the occasion, and it took place at the n dr4llBe, Gloucester on Monday evening. The old ma t,, v &te t t I ?. to the scene Of the festivity in a wheel-ehair, wlt his h lachi ld urels an seatedd he had the pleasure of seeing f en round him at the table. Ing 44te r °(l of . th - n,g 2 'were under the direction of Curtis, the ° I w as e nospital. Speeches were made, aril the ine.etn tall hialeeedingly joyous Overthrow is in the possessio C 41 ,4 an atnities, and he is yet hale and hearty. He has .4i cle. llllllat e of the hospital for forty years. --Bath THE WRECK OF THE SUPERB. (From the Supplement to the Jersey Sun of Tuesda.) .) Little could ire imagine that the serious warning so recently given as to steamboat hazards in the ncighboni hood of these islands would be su immedi ately followed by a catastrophe which not only ex cites the deepest consternation and sympathy, but a corresponding degree of indignation, too, at its ap parently gratuitous cause. The Superb left St. Malo at her usual early hour this morning, and arrived off the Minquiers soon after 10 o'clock. It appears that the desire on the one hand to see the wreck of the Polka, and on the other to afford opportunity to gratify that wish, induced the master, Captain Priaulx, to approach the scene as near as possible. The frightful result is but too well known—the vessel struck on the Matrielle, her lar board side being driven in. The boats were imme diately lowered, and a rush being made, a lady pas senger fell a victim at once to the haste to reach them. Mr. Priaulx, we understand, was the second to get into the boat ; and despite the remonstrance and entreaty of his mate, Mr. Fennell, remained there, and escaped the fate of his companions by clinging to a paddle. Had the captain remained on board, and order been maintained, the passengers being per suaded to keep at the fore-end of the vessel, no one had need even to have a wet foot ; but the anxiety to reach the boats caused the swamping which resulted in the sari loss of life which we have enumerated. The confusion renders the list imperfect, as no one could give an accurate account of the actual number of passengers. The names furnished to us as ascer tained to be lost are—Mr. a d Mnrs. Gosset, o St. Helier's ; Mr. Rattenbury, of Plymouth ; Mr. f and Mrs. Jackson and two children ; John Palmer(stoker), Williams (boy), and Billott (cook) ; five or six others are believed also to have been drowned. On the signal of distress which was hoisted on the mast being observed from the town, a boat was put off to the Collier steamer, then rounding the point for entering the harbour. Captain Doke immediately put about, and bore for the scene, and by active and praiseworthy exertions succeeded in taking on board in safety thirty persons, whom he landed at the new pier at seven o'clock. • The crowds assembled on the quay were about to hail her approach with cheers, when the announcement by one from on board that all was not right checked the ebullition. On the Collier being moored, Mr. Manuel, and several other gentlemen who had witnessed the admi rable promptitude with which Captain Doke hastened to the rescue, presented to him a handsome silver cup, which was subscribed for and procured whilst his vessel was in progress, addressing him with the well merited observation, that they were proud of such an exhibition of ready devotedness on the part of himself, his mates, and crew, to whom, we believe, suitable testimonials will be given ; and, from our own per sonal observation, we say, well do they deserve it. In concluding this melancholy detail, we must make a remark or two on the position of the vessel. She lays bow uppermost, almost over end, with ten feet between her and water at low tide ; should she slide forward, through wind or otherwise, she must evidently go down in deep water and prove a total loss ; but if sternforemost, there is a bank on which she may lay for recovery if the weather should remain calm ; at any rate she now lies out of her course eight points of the compass. The ship's carpenter had a most providential escape, having been floating three hours on a grating, when the Collier's boat picked him up. Painfully interest ing, indeed, are some of the attendant circumstances of this catastrophe. The two children of Mr. Jack son, who had been rescued from the Polka the week before, were on the deck, and on first seeing the rocks artlessly inquired what rocks they were ? The reply was the Matrielle; but the poor father, who had ex perienced the same preservation .with his wife and two little ones, added, " I think they ought to be called the Polka rocks !" Scarcely had the words been uttered when the vessel struck, and the in quirers were precipitated by the shock into the water, sinking to rise no more. ig In transmitting the telegraphic dispatch (which ap peared in yesterday's Sun) announcing the wreck of the steamer Superb, two rather important errors were made. In alluding to the exertions used to save the lives of the passengers, the name of the master was substituted for that of the mate. It was Mr. Fennell, the chief mate, and Mr. A. B. Hamilton, a passenger, who distinguished themselves by their bravery and coolness, and won the admiration of all the survivors. The second error was in giving the steamer Courier the credit of taking the passengers off the wreck, when it should have been the Collier, one of the screw steamers plying between Shoreham and Jersey. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. have read in The Sun of this day an ac count of the loss of the Superb steamer and of eleven lives. The latter calamity is attributed to the same cause as in several recent instances—namely, to the boats being lowered down without having the plugs in. Before suggesting a simple and sure remedy for such a common and yet dangerous oversight, I may explain to your n on-nautical readers that " plug holes" are apertures made in the bottoms of boats to allow the escape of any water when the boats are hoisted up, and that the "plug" is taken out for that purpose and replaced when the boat is lowered down, though, as we have just seen, in moments of danger the " plug" is sometimes forgotten. My own expe rience furnishes many instances of boats so lowered, though in men-of-wars' boats, even should the plug be lost, we soon find resources not in the power of a crowd of frightened passengers. My suggestion, then, is that all passenger vessels should have their boats fitted with valve plugs to open outwards an d not inwards, a contrivance (as every common pump,maker knows) both simple and inexpensive, and analogous to the valves now used in steamers. The cost certainly would not exceed ten shillings, and, as many lives would be saved, surely the law might require such outlay from all owners of vessels carrying passengers. Being much engaged in other matters (trying t sa ve another ship), I must beg you to excuse haste, o and, I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, E. PLUNKETT. Travellers' Club, Sept. 26. [A simple remedy might be adopted to obviate this too•often fatal neglect. Let a small chain be attached to the plug and fastened to the bottom of the boat. The plug would thus be readily found in any -Tency, whether by day or by night.--D. Sun.] THE IRISH EXILES. Jour; MITCHEL. The last account of poor Mitchel is supplied in an Australian paper, which announces the arrival of the Neptune convict ship at Hobart Town, and states that John Mitchel had re ceived his ticket of leave, and on account of his deli cate state of health will be allowed to reside at Both well, where he can enjoy the society of John Martin. TERENCE I3ELLEW APMANUS.—This gentleman obtained permission from the Government to reside in Launceston.—Freeman's Journal. ENCROACHMENTS ON ST. JAMES'S AND THE GREEN PARKS.—MEETING OF THE VESTRY OF ST. JAMES'S. Yesterday a numerously-attended meeting of the vestry of St. James's took place at the vestry-house, St. James's Churchyard, Piccadilly, for the purpose of considering, amongst other matters, the encroachments by the Commis sioners of Woods and Forests on St. James's and the Green Parks, f r the improvement of Buckingham Palace, the re moval of the marble arch, &c.William Geeson, Esq., the churchwarden, occupied the chair. Mr. Nelson having strongly condemned the proceedings of the Commissioners of Woods and Forests in reference to the so-called park im provements, and having charged those functionaries with a breach of faith to Parliament, said that he would in the first place move as a resolution " That the vestry of St. James's object to the encroachments in St. James's-park as contrary to the understanding with the House of Commons when the grant was made ;" and then he would give notice that he would move "That a petition be presented to Par liament to require the Commissioners of Woods and Forest s s to deposit" plans and give notices of any proposed alteration in the property belonging to the Crown and the public, as required by individuals or public companies under the stand ing orders of Parliament." Mr. Watkins seconded the reso lution. After some observations from other speakers, all of whom, with one exception, stated their approval of Ur. Nelson's views, that gentleman, for the sake of regularity, withdrew his moti 11, and gave notice of the more practical one, calling on Parliament to insist on the Commissioners of Woods and Forests giving notice, and putting in their plans of any alterations in accordance with the standing rules of Parliament. This course having been assented to by the meting, it shortly after separated. THE ERECTION OF MODERN WAREHOUSES.—If our country readers desire to know how we get up buildings in London, we would recommend them to a sight which at tracted our notice in passing down Wood-street the other evening, where we fo und a crowd of persons watching the progress of a ga n g of labourers working by gas light, to complete an ,additional large building for the Messrs. Dent, Allcroft, and Co., the wholesale glovers. The effect of the men busily occupied amidst so novel an illumination upon a skeleton scaffold, which thus appeared more than usually fragile and mysterious, was certainly curious, and from the rapid and successful termination of their duties, may lead to the adoption of this plan of " double ganging" to many buildings like unto this, where the most extensive trade operations are carried on, and where the cessation of business but for an hour would be attended with serious inconvenience to a widely-spread connexion. SPIDERS A CURE FOR AGUE.—Seeing a note on this subject reminds me that a few years since a lady in the south of Ireland was celebrated far and near amongst her poorer neighbours for the cure of this disorder. Her universal remedy was a large house-spider, alive, and en veloped in treacle or preserve. Of course the parties were carefully 'kept in ignorance of what the wonderful remedy was. Whilst I am on the subject of cures, I may as well state that in parts of the county Carlow the blood drawn from a black cat's ear, and rubbed upon the part affected, is esteemed a certain cure for St. Anthony's fire. —Notes and Queries. An interesting discovery has just been made near Fontenay, between Soissons and Compiegne. A great num ber of Roman antiquities having w o r kmen were instructed to been found in diggi n g , the con !nue and soon came to the foundations of Roman buildings covering a surfac of more than 34,000 metres, and divided into more than 200 rooms or cells.—Galignani. THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. As a mere mercantile adventure the electric tele graph has in England proved comparatively a Nilure. I;s practical results have disappointed expectation, and thus the most wonderful discovery of modern times is to us almost without utility, and serves, in deed, for the most part simply to excite wonder at the marvellous feats achieved by modern science. It is talked of; wondered at, and neglected. In a coun try teeming with population, and that population bound together by the most intimate social and com mercial ties, the means of rapid, easy, and cheap com• munication would seem to rank among the chief ne cessities of life. When, therefore, we behold offered to such a community a mode of corresponding that in dispatch surpasses the wildest flights and imagina tions of fable—which, while thus miraculously expeditious, is also easy and safe—and find, nevertheless, that this great seeming advan tage is generally neglected, we are driven to inquire into the causes of so extraordinary a re sult. Turning our attention to other countries, in habited by nations in a similar state of civilization, with the same habits, subject to the same wants, and employing in all things similar appliances and means to the furtherance of their ends, public and private, we behold a result in this one particular wholly different from that which our own country, presents. If we look to our brethren on the other side of the Atlantic, and bear in mind the circupstances peculiar to them—those, in fact, in which their condition is different from our own,—we shall be inclined yet more to marvel at the dissimilarity in the conse quences of the discovery to two people so situated. In the United States of America the electric telegraph is now a common necessity, and of general use. It is spreading over every part of the vast territory belonging to the Republic, and as a mercan tile speculation it is said to have proved eminently successful. Now, if we consider the scattered state of the population, the small proportion it bears to the extensive country they inhabit, and the nature of that country, we cannot fail to admire and applaud the sagacity and energy evinced by the Americans in their immediate adoption, and successful and general application, of this most won derful and, in their hands, most useful invention. And if we compare their employment of it with our own, we must acknowledge that we have reason to be astonished, grieved, and ashamed. We may select one instance as an illustration of the success which has attended the discovery in the United States ; and we make this choice because of the great difficulties which have been encountered and overcome. The Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois Telegraph Company, we are told, has already one thousand miles of line in working order, and this through a country covered, not with human dwellings, but dense and almost impervious forests—thus exhibiting another and a striking instance of the mode in which the latest discoveries of modern science are made sub servient to the wants of communities at the very commencement of their existence. Half a century since wild beasts, and still wilder Indians, wandered over the lands now traversed in perfect security by these frail wires, the mysterious agents by which human thoughts and desires are made to travel in fact as rapidly as they are con ceived. This transition from a wild and barbarous condition to that of the most elaborate civilization has not been gradual but instantaneous. Civiliza tion has not here at first dimly dawned, then slowly advanced, gradually, working its way against opposing difficulties to its ultimate perfection, but has at one bound leaped into life, surrounded with every appli ance and means which the existing knowledge of man has devised for ministering to his wants and his en joyment. The railroad anti the electric telegraph, the steam-engine with all its multiplied variety of uses—in mills, in boats, on rivers and canals, and in ships on lakes that in fact are inland seas— every sort of machinery, every chemical discovery, all practical discoveries, in short, have been imme diately adopted, improved upon, and to the very utmost employed in these new States, all of which have been founded within the memory of living men ; and in nothing has this immediate applica tion of noble arts been more manifest than in the use of the electric telegraph. Let any one place before himself the map of the United States, and trace the distance that intervenes, for example, be tween the cities of New York and Cincinnati; and then let him regard the character of the country all along that extended line—the boundless forests, the wide, deep, and numerous rivers ; the lofty moun tains that must be traversed by the wires which con nect the two cities we have named. Again, from New Orleans to New York the route is just as diffi cult ; yet here again we see that the obstacles have not prevented communication, and to our astonish meut we discover that there is a more rapid arid con tinued correspondence between people residing in Louisiana, New York, and Massachusetts, than be tween London and Bristol. Is there not here cause for wonder and regret? When we remember that the discovery thus employed was made in England—that the people of England have quite es great a need of rapid intelligence as those have who dwell in America —that we have greater wealth and equal intelli gence and energy—we are driven to ask, Why have we not made the same use of this great in vention ? We may be told that the enormous distances at which people live from each other in the United States is the one great reason for their general adoption of the means of communication afforded by the telegraph. Undoubtedly, the difficulty of travelling and of personal communication does enhance the value of the discovery, but the distance must greatly increase the cost, and the thinness of the population must tend to diminish the return to the outlay of capital. In such circumstances we should therefore expect that the charges upon com munication would be proportionally great, and that in England, where the distances are much less, and the population much more dense, the number of commu nications would be very much larger in proportion to the sum expended or the miles of line laid down, and the sums charged upon communication much less, than those of America. Yet the very reverse of this takes place. The charges are very small in the United States, and as a consequence the communica tions are very numerous, and thus the frequency of the use pays for the greater expense of the lines ; and herein we suspect lies the cause of our neglect of this instrument of communication. The post travels rapidly, is cheap, and the commu nication, therefore, between persons living at no very great distance apart is sufficiently easy and expeditious to make us unwilling to incur a very heavy cost even for a more rapid means of corre spondence. If, however, this more rapid means were also very cheap, the use would become a habit, and the frequency of the employment of the tele graph would quickly repay its outlay. In fact, the principle of small and frequent returns would hold good in this instance as is so many others, and our telegraph adventurers have hitherto partially failed because they have made their communication far too costly. There is, however, another point of view in which this wonderful invention may be regarded, and in which it will be seen to be capable of being made subservient to still greater social improvements than any which have yet been achieved. The con stantly increasing commerce with America, and our growing relations, social as well as commercial, with her people, render a rapid communication with the American continent of increasing importance. This necessity of trade and society may be made the means of a great improvement in one part of our country, which certainly much needs enlighten ment and assistance—we mean Ireland ; and her geographical position may be turned to use not simply to increase the rapidity of our correspondence with America, but to her own good. From the west coast of Ireland to America a voyage by steam might be performed in so short a time as to be mea sured rather by hours than days. If packets were to sail regularly between the nearest harbour on the western coast and Halifax or New York, and there were direct telegraphic communication between that Irish harbour and London, news might be trans mitted from the borders of the Misiissippi, and ulti mately from the western coast of America, to every part of Great Britain and Ireland in less than a week. If, in addition to this telegraphic communication, a railroad were carried across Ireland from east to west, all who prefer travelling by land would take their final departure from the Irish port, rather than in cur the inconvenience and annoyance of the longer sea voyage which is necessary if the voyager start either from an English or a Scotch port. The fastest liners would in that case not be those which sail between Liverpool and America, but Irish vessels would enjoy that distinction and advantage, and the moral benefit to Ireland resulting from such constant contact with men of other countries would be incalculable. In such a state of things we should little dread the influence of the Synod of Thurles, or look with anxiety upon the astronomical teaching of Dr. Cullen. The electric telegraph and the railroad would soon put to flight the whole conclave of Car dinals, with the Pope at their head, even if attended with all solemnity by the whole Catholic hier archy of Ireland. This plan of thus commnnicating with America has long occupied the thoughts of statesmen and merchants, and now, we are told, en gages the attention of our Government ; and cer tainly the Executive authorities in Ireland could not better employ their power than in ascertaining what are the difficulties in the way of achieving this great national work. A tenth-part of the sums that have been squandered upon making and unmaking useless roads, and in perfecting costly and unnecessary sur veys, would have enabled us long since to ascertain the proper route for this great national railroad and telegraphic line, and we might now be prepared to begin the making of a road instead of surveying it. Still, entertaining the idea is a great step in advance. Times. The London penny savings bank has 7,859 de positors, with 49,516 deposits; and the amount received since its establishment has been 2,017/. - - LTTERATUR. C.ORRESPONDENCE Op THE EMPEROR . 7 11 - ARLES V. AND HIS AMBASSADORS .117 e THE COURTS OF ENGLAND AND .FRANCE. Edited by IV. Bradford, M.A., formerly Chaplain to the British Embassy at Vienna. The student of history and the general reader are ace ply indebted to Mr. Bradford for this valuable con,rribution to hisflorical literature. The letters here ilontained are translated from original documents in th e Imperial family archives at Vienna. Among the tse are many important letters concerning some of the principal events of that momentous period when Ilf nry VIII. reigned in England, and Wolsey was stri wing for the triple crown of St. Peter, and when Fr: 'rids I. was ruling in France or pining in impri son.uent after the eventful battle of Pavia. In order to augment both the interest of the letters and the va'Lue of the work, the editor has introduced a running narrative which explains and connects the several do cum eats, and he has also introduced some very interesting biographical notices of the Em peror, arid of the most distinguished officers of his army and household and other conspi cuous individuals of that epoch. Among these is a very attractive memoir of Victoria Collonna, and among the historical records that which relates to the battle of Pavia, the imprisonment of Francis, and the various machinations of his friends and enemies, the visit of his sister, the beautiful Marguerite de Valois, and various other incidents connected with that dis astrous war, is full of interest. The chapters which refer to the relations between Charles and the English Court are also not without importance. Charles hav ing been nearly related to Queen Katherine of Arragon, the divorce of that Princess and Henry's subsequent marriage naturally excited no small interest at the Imperial court, and were the subjects of many of the letters of the Imperial am bassador. The elevation of Pope Adrian VI. and the disappointment of Wolsey are also subjects of some of the early documents in this collection, which is thus rendered a very attractive connecting link between the histories of the principal European courts, at a very important period. O ne very interesting feature in this publication is the Emperor's Itinerary from 1519 to 1531. • An engraving of Titian's portrait of Charles V. is prefixed to the volume, which also con tains some interesting facsimiles of the handwriting of Charles, of the Constable Bourbon, and many others, and portraits of the Duke of Alva and the Marquis Pescara. The manner in which Mr. Brad ford has performed his task entitles him — to commendation, and will ensure for his work general approbation as being fully as attractive as it is interesting and important. From the memoir of Charles we take the following very emphatic de scription : " There was that in Charles which created respect at first sight and admiration on further acquaintance; but he required to be known intimately before any one could love him. He was almost inaccessible to the play of fancy. His power of self control was never-failing. To win a secret from him was impossible. Two sure indications of a strong mind were observable in the Em . peror, one, indeed, not frequently put to the test among princes, lie could bear to be spoken to on the subject of his faults with the utmost freedom, and he had no jealousy of the renown acquired by his statesmen and warriors." THE SUN, LONDON, ri:IDAY EVENING-, SETTEMBER 27, 1850. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen held a Privy Council on Tuesday, the 24th inst., at Balmoral. It was attended by his Royal Highness Prince Albert, Lord John Russell, First Lord of the Treasury ; the Right Hon. Sir Francis Baring, First Lord of the Admiralty; and the Right Hon. Fox Maule, Secretary -at-War. At the Privy Council, Parliament was ordered to be further prorogued from Tuesday, the 15th Octo ber, until Thursday, the 14th November. The Hon. Win. Bathurst was the Clerk of the Council in waiting. His Excellency Mehemed Pacha, the Turkish Am bassador, left London yesterday for Berlin and Vienna, en route to Constantinople, on leave of absence, accompanied by Alons. Edouard Zohrab a n family ; and by Sir James Duke, M.P., who has availed himself of his Excellency's invitation to the Turkit-h capital. Cabouli Effendi, First Secretary of Embassy, will act as Chargé d'Affaires during the temporary ab sence of the Ambassador. BALMORAL CASTLE. 1 M. Distin and his sons, in conjunction with Miss M. O'Connor, had the honour of performing before her Majesty and Prince Albert, at Balmoral Castle, last Monday evening, Sept. 23, the following programme: Quartette, Fantasia, on Airs from Lucia and La Fiylia del Regiments, Mr. Distin and his Sons Donizetti. Madrigal, " Down in a flow'ry vale," Miss M. O'Connor, and Messrs. H. W. and T. Distin, composed in 1541 Feats. Terzetto a Canone, " Venue a Colei," Sax Horns, Messrs. H. W. and T. Distin ... Costa. Madrigal, " Since first I saw your face," Miss M. O'Connor, and Messrs. H. W. and T. Math], composed in 1600 ... Ford. Solo, " All is lost" (Sonnambula), S a x Horn Alto, Mr. H. Distin ••• Bellini. Glee, " Sleep, pude lady," Miss M. O'Connor and Messrs. Distin ... Bishop. Fantasia on Themes from Le Proph'e.te, Sax Horns, M, ssrs. Distin Meyerbeer. Her Majesty was so much pleased with the per formance that she commanded a repetition Onie glee, and requested the Messrs. Distin to perform their ar rangement of Rossini's " Cujus Animum," from his Stabat Mater, for the Sax Horns, which her Majesty recollected from a former performance of theirs at Buckingham Palace. ALARMING ACCIDENT AT THE RH UDDL AN EISTEDDFOD. RHUDDLAN CASTL E , HALF-PAST ONE, P.M. THURSDAY, SEPT. 2G.— The afternoon, yesterday, was occupied chiefly in the contest on the harps for the different prizes offered. Mr. Ellis Roberts, the well-known Welsh harpist, eventually won the gold medal, but the other two prizes were not awarded. The proceedings commenced this morning at the usual hour, Lezd Mostyn occupying the chair. The great hall was crowded in every part. The reading of the poems, essays, and the awarding of prizes were continued, relieved by addresses on different subjects. Charles Winston, Esq., of London, barrister, of the Inner Temple, read a short arcbreological report of an old painted window in Llanrhaiddr Dyffrynclwd Church, near Denbigh. The proceedings, however, were suddenly brought to a conclusion by a most untoward accident, which has just happened within the great hall. Behind a platform at the west end of the hall, elevated about a yard and a half from the ground floor, and on which the president was at the time sitting, are several rows of seats elevated, still higher than the president's platform, one above the other, and forming an ordinary gallery. These seats being much crowded with ladies and gen tlemen, the harpists were contesting for one of the prizes, when the entire audience, consisting of some thousands, were suddenly ala rme d and terrified by a loud crash which proceeded from the neighbourhood of the platform. There were instantaneous cries of "The building is falling in," and the rush to the dif ferent doors was positively frightful. In a few mo ments after the crash the platform fell in at its centre, one of the midway supporters having broken. The screams of the lades who were now sliding down, so to speak, from one side of the platform, were most alarming, and all being jostled together into the centre below, a scene of consternation and confusion such as is seldom witnessed in any public assembly, was the consequence. The president's platform in a few moments afterwards gave way, and carried, of course, the chair with it, but the venerable Nobleman had already vacated his seat the moment the alarm was given, and fortunately was out of danger. Great exertion was made to extricate the ladies from their perilous position. Fortunately, few com paratively speaking, were found to have been injured. Mrs. Thompson, of Liverpool, had her leg broken, and received other severe fractures. Mrs. Dawson and several others are injured, but in the confusion which at this moment prevails it is impossible to as certain the exact particulars. CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY ELECTION. RETIREMENT OF MR. COWLING. CAMBRIDGE, SEPT. 2G.—Some little astonishment was created here this morning by the announcement of the fact, that Mr. Cowling had retired from the contest, and thus left Mr. Wigram in undisturbed possession of the field. It appears that at a late hour last evening Mr. Cowling's committee made a com munication to that of Mr. Wigram, resigning on be half of Mr. Cowling all further claim to the represen tation, as they did not think it expedient further to prolong a contest which they had reason to believe would end in the return of Mr. Wigram, and which could only tend to disturb the peace of the University. This communication having been acknowledged on behalf of Mr. Wigram's committee, the affair was at an end, and this morning the committee rooms were denuded of their placards and all the outward signs of the procedure of an election. An address announcing the retirement of Mr. Cowling, directed to Mr. Wigram's supporters, ap peared this afternoon. The election will now b e a mere matter of form TOWER OF LONDON IMPROVEMENTS. — Yesterday a large numt er of workmen were busily engaged in making ex tensive alterations and improvements in various parts of the Tower of London. The two lofty gun-towers of the eastern and western extremities, facing Trinity-square, areleimg re constructed on a new and patented plan, recommended by Government. The high walls near the water-side have been pulled down, and are to be rebuilt on a new principle, with gun loop-holes. The interior of this ancient fortress is also undergoing a regular repair, under the superintendence of a military officer specially appointed fa the purpose by his Grace the Duke of Wellington. SPO RTING INTELLIGENCE.' TA TTERSALL'S —YESTERDAY. The business transacted yesterday was on 'too smr.ll a scale to require more than an enumeration of the average prices at the close. NEWMARKET TWO YRS OLD TRIENNIAL. 10 to 3 agst Lord Caledon's Aaron Smith 10 to 3 agst Mr. Ford's Payment 6 to 1 agst Lord Enfila's Hernandez NEWMARKET FOUR YRS OLD TRIENNIAL. 5 to 4 on Sir J. Hawley's Vatican CESAREWITCH STAKES. 8 to 1 agst Mr. Gratwicke's Landgrave—taken and afterwards offered 10 to 1 sgst Mr. Edwards na Bolingbroke—taken and afterwards offered 12 to 1 agst Mr. Mangan's Russborough.--taken 12 to 1 agst Col. Anson's Backbiter 20 to 1 agst Mr. J. Scott's Nlulgrave—taken 20 to 1 agst Mr. filling's Lady Eden—taken 25 to 1 agat Mr. Jaques's Chautrey—taken to 1001. 25 to 1 agst Mr. Combe's Trouncer—taken 25 to 1 agst Mr. Greville's Cariboo—taken and after. wards offer( d 30 to 1 agst Lord Stanley's Legerdemain 33 to 1 agst Duke of Bedford's Bon Mot CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKES. 6 to 1 ag,t Mr. Me,klam's The Italian 20 to 1 agst Mr. Jones's Ilagley— take n 50 to 1 agst Mr. H. Hill's Equiria—taken DERBY. 30 to 1 agst Lord Caledon's Aaron Smith—taken and afterwards offered 30 to 1 agst Mr. Meiklam's Constellation—taken and ufferwards offered 50 tot agst Lord Zetland's Lightfoot—taken and afterwards offered MANCHESTER RACES.— TR URSDA Y. The Champagne Stakes Handicap of 10 sovs. each, h ft, and '5O added, for two yrs old; the second to save his stake. One mile. (15 Subs.) Mr. Hesseltine's Unity, 7st 101 b (Longstaff) 1 Mr. Barton's Madame Warton, 7st 121 b (G. Oates) 2 Mr. Copeland's Colibri, 7st (W. Sharpe) 3 Mr. Merry's Maid of the Mountain, 7st 61b...(Evans) 4 Mr. E i Buckley's Grotten, Bst llb (Whitehouse) 5 5 to '4 agst Madame Warton, 2 to 1 agst Unity. Won easy by two lengths. The Chesterfield Handicap of 15 sovs. each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared, with 100 added; the second to save his stake. One mile and seven furlongs. (18 Subs., 5 of whom declared.) Mr. Meiklam's The Cocktail, 4 3rs, 6st 41b (Arnold) 1 Mr. Nicoll's Woolwich, 4 yrs, Bst 121b...(Donaldson) 2 Mr. O a sborn's Lady Hylda, 6 yrs, Bst 31b...(Abdale) 3 Sir C. Monk's Vanguard, 4 yrs, Bst Ilb...(11o/mos) 4 5 to 4 on Woolwich,2 to 1 agst Vanguard, 4 to I agat Lady Odylda, and 4to 1 agst Co c kt a if. W on b y two lengths. The Autumn Welter Handicap of 10 soya. each, h ft, and 40 added, the second to save his stake. One mile and a dis. (10 Subs.) Gentlemen riders. Mr. Lawson's Valiant (h b), lOst 61b (Mr. Gaman) 1 Mr. gsborne's Lady Hylda, 6 yrs, list 131 b 2 Mr. Kemp's General Sale, 4 yrs, lOst 81b 3 Mr. 4rskine's Scarborough, 3 yrs, 9st 21b Mr. Birch's Queen of the Vale, 4 yrs, Sit Mr. Peace's Repulse, 5 yrs, lOst 21b 6 Won by a length. The Selling Stakes of 5 sovs. each, and 40 added; three yrs! old, Bst; four yrs, 9st 21b; five yrs, 9A 91b; six yrs and aged, 9st 131 b; mares, &c. allowed 31b. One mile and a dis. (3 Subs.) Mr. Foster's Osbaldwick, 3 yrs, 7st 61b (Wakefield) 0 1 Mr. Dawson's Gardenia, 3 yrs, 6st 1 lib (Arnold) 0 2 Mr. Fraser's Emma, 3 yrs, Est 111 b (Evans) 3 , The deciding heat was won by a head. WHITBY RACES. —WEDNESDAY. The Sweepstakes were won eas il y , i n t h ree h eats, b y Mr. P i earson s Lola Mont ez , b eat i ng t h ree ot h ers. The Whitby Stakes were won, in two heats, by Mr. Benscln's Little Queen, beating two others. The Borough Stakes were won, in two heats, by Mr. Sheene's Elimore, beating three others. The Commodore's Plate was won by Mr. Hayes's Standard, beating Lola Montez and two others. LEINTWARDINE RACES. The Warden Stokes were won by Mr. Smith's Nancy Dawson, beating Mud Bouts. Thi Leintwardine Stakes were won by Mr. Lewis's Matilda, beating Mr. Jackson's Sister to Mud Boots. The Sweepstakes were won by Mr. Oakes's Fly-by night, beating two others. CRICKET. ELEVEN OF ENGLAND v. TWENTY-TWO OF LOUTH. This match, which occupied three dais, was brought to a close on Wednesday. The following is the score:— LOUTH. First Innings. Second Innings. W. L4cock, Esq., b Wisden R. P. Allingtou, Esq., b Wisd en 2 b Cl ark R. Sutton, Esq., c Hillyer, b Wisden ... . 3 b Clark 0 H. Ctleales, Esq., b Wisden ....... 5 b Clark .. 0. Hthibury, Esq., hw, b Clark 0 b Clark J. Hoflway, Esq., b Wisden ... 10 c Box, b Hillyer P. Tinley, b Clark 9 c Felix, b Hillyer... 3 Rev. E. Elmhirst, b Wisden E. Blayds, Esq., c Marshall, b Wisden ... G. Ldard, Esq., run out ...... C. P. Loft, Esq., b Wisden W. Chapman, Esq., b Wisden ... 6 b C ark 4 J. Rogers, Esq., c Box, b Clark 0 b Clark J. Tunnard, Esq., b C1ark....... 28 b Hillyer ....... A. JU Morgan, Esq., c Guy, b Wisden J. B.: Parker, Et.q., c Box, b Wisden J. Ili'', Esq.; b Wisden R. Walls, Esq., b Clark 0 b Hillyer ... 1 11. Smythe, Esq., b Wisden 1 not out ........ ... .. 2 W. Marshall, Esq., b Clark. 2 c Marshall, b Clark 22 11. Grantham, Esq., b Wisden 4 run out .... .. ....... 0 J. M. Lister, Esq~ not out Leg bye ... .. ............... .. .. 1 Total lO7 Total 69 THE ELEVEN. Hillyer, c Morgan, b Parker Clark, b Parker Parr, c Blayds, b Tinley Wisden, c Morgan, b Parker Martingell, k w, I;Tinley Pilch, b Hollway Box, c Ray, b Smith 9 Guy, c Locock, b Tinley ...... . ..... .... N. Felix, Esq., c Allington, b Tinley. lB A. Marshall, Esq., not cut A. Mynn, Esq., c Holloway, b Parker Byes 2, wide 20 22 Total lB4 GREAT WESTERN RAlLWAY.—Yesterday the di rectors of the Great 'Western Railway instituted a rigid in- I quiry into the circumstances attending the late accident at Wotton Basset station, which was so near proving fatal to , the engine -driver and a number of passengers. The investi gatiop took place in the board .room, at Paddington. Mr. George, the superintendent of the station at Wotton Basset ; Mr. Burton, the superintendent of the railway police at Bris • tol, Who was passenger in the train at the time of the acci dent ; Ailas, the engine-driver; Morgan, the stoker, and a number of the company's servants from Wotton Basset, were in attendance, and gave evidence before the board. As the inquiry was strictly private, the result is not yet known, but it is said the evidence impli ca t e d S cu l l, the pointsman, whom White relieved, in the charge of negligence, for which the latter is undergoing two months' imprisonment. THE GREAT FIRE IN THE ClTY.—Notwithstanding that tmwards of a week has elapsed, there was, as late as nine o'clock last night, an i mmense quantity of fire still re maining in the ruins 'of the premises destroyed in Mark and Seething-lanes. At that hour the engines were actively emplpyed in pumping cold air into Messrs. Cunliffe and Dobson's wine cellar, in order to reduce its temperature, so that the valuable stock in trade might not be totally spoiled. During the afternoon, a very large quantity of pigs' bristles were dug out of that part of the ruins which the firemen had succeeded in cooling. BATHS AND WASIIHOUSES IN ST. MARGARET'S AVD ST. JOHN'S,' WESTMINSTER.—The vestry and parochial authorities of the united parishes of St. Margaret and St. John, Westminster, have now in the course of erection, and which is nearly completed, a spacious building, situated in Pye-street, near Peter-street, Westminster, which will be appropriated to baths and washhouses on a very extensive scale. The area will contain two plunging baths of between forty and fifty feet in length, and of a depth varying from three feet and a half at the sides to five feet in the centre. There will also be above fifty baths for men and women, with accommodation for washing and ironing linen. Tha cost of the structure, including the purchase of the ground, for which 3,0001. was given, will be nearly 14,000/. A shaft has been built similar to that at the baths and washhouses of St. Martin's. The parish authorities of St. Giles intend, when they can get a piece of ground, to erect a similar esta blishMent in that neighbourhood, and in the parish of St. James steps have been taken for a like purpose. AUDACIOUS ROBBERY AND APPARENT ATTEMPT AT Unpin:it AT JERSEY.—On Thursday evening, between seven and eight o'clock, an atrocious robbery and apparent attempt at murder occurred at Beauval Cottage, in the Vaux, inhabited by Mrs. Haycock and her three daughters and a female servant, and of which residence Mr. Centenier Le Bailly is' the proprietor. Whilst the ladies were at tea the servant went out to shut the greenhouse. On her return her attempt to open the door was opposed, as she thought, by some object which had fallen on the other side; but on her using more force, and the door giving way, a man stood before her with a knife in his hand, with which he struck at her over the heart. The weapon was rendered almost harmless by her stays, and she escaped with a slight incision in the breast, but fainted with terror. Two stones seem to have then been thrown at her head, but missed their aim ; when the ladies, hearing the noise and men's voices, raised reiterated cries of distress, which fortunately were heard by a neighbour, who ran to their assistance. The villains, however, thus surprised, had already taken flight, but had carried with them two small caskets which they had stolen from a bed-room on the ground-floor, and which contained 23/. in money, and plate and jewellery of considerable value. Mr. Centenier Le Bailly, informed of the circumstance, im mediately went in pursuit of the thieves, but that night un successfully; and we have not heard that the malefactors have yet been discovered.— Jersey Times. FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT. --All accident oc curred on Wednesday morning, on the Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincolnshire Railway, ab ut two miles from Sheffield, involving the death of a man named Thomas Shemaloine. It appears that about eight o'clock on Wednesday morning, a special train, consisting of empty waggons, which had been dispatched from Retford to Sheffield, was run in'o while passing through the Darnall tunnel, by a passenger-tiain, returning from the Eckington station, the junction with the Midland Railway to Sheffield. The deceased, who was act ing as guard to the first train, and was standing on the hindermost carriage, was thrown back by the collision, and falling on the line in front of the engine, was run over and killed on the spot. His head was very much crushed, the brains, &c., bespattering the rails. The accident is attribut able to the dense fog which prevailed at the time, which ren dered it impossible to distinguish objects though only a few yards distant. Accounts from the lonian Islands, received by way of Malta, announee that the currant crops have suffered material damage while lying dry on the ground, by heavy premature rains. LIFE AND DEATH OF A TAILOR'S A I'PR ENTICE. Yesterday, Mr. William Payne, the coroner, went into a protracted investigation at Guy's Hospit a l, re spt-cting the d ea th of It q b ert Mi nden, aged 18 years, late au apprentice to Mr. John Triggs, a master tailor and oilman, carrying on business at No. 54, Church-lane, Whitecharel, w ho, it was alleged, had died from neglect. Sarah Pedgriff, formerly in the service of Mr. Triggs, said she recollected the de ceased as the apprentice. He slept in a little room at the top of the house. Mr. Triggs had two houses in Church-lane, one in the tailoring business and the other was an oil shop. Witness saw the deceased at every meal time. He bad for breakfast every morning two slices of bread and dripping, with half a pint of tea. The deceased often told witness he could eat more. He had potatoes and meat for dinner, and for tea he had a similar quantity as at breakfast. What the deceased had would not have been enough for witness. The dinner wes cut off for him, and he generally stood up and ate it, going directly to his work again. The deceased used to complain very much of not having a suffici ency of victuals, and witness wanted to speak to Mr. Triggs, but the deceased would not allow her to make any complaint either to his master or to his parents. Ile was in the habit of getting up at six o'clock in the morning and working until ten and eleven o'clock at night. On Saturday night he would work much later. The deceased only went out on Sundays, and then only from three to six. Deceased frequently complained of his bed being dirty, the blankets not having been washed for three years. He scoured his room and made his own bed. Witness used to per suade him to tell his father, but his answer was " never mind." The deceased did not have a proper quantity of food. The witness added, in answer to the coroner, that the two slices of bread would make as much as a penny roll. The deceased slept alone in the house at night, and was very timid. Elizabeth Mindon, the mother, stated that the deceased complained very much of his mistress, who treated him unkindly. He came home on Monday week, and said he was very bad ; he was crying, and said, " Oh ! God has heard my prayer." He begged of witness to take him away from his place. Witness went to the mistress and asked her to let deceased have a basin of gruel, as he was very ill. Mrs. Triggs replied, " Gruel, indeed ; what next." 'Witness afterwards told her that she should take the deceased to a surgeon, and send the bill to her for payment. The deceased was then or dered to the hospital, where he died on Tuesday. The deceased said his bed place was dreadfully dirty, and that be was almost eaten up with large quantities of fleas, through the bedclothes not being changed since he had been there. Witness thought deceased's death had been hastened by the want of proper food aad cleanliness. Dr. Gull, the resident physician at Guy's Hospital, deposed that the deceased was ad mitted suffering from typhus fever. He was delirious, and continued so until his death. The jury returned a verdict of " Died from typhus fever." The jury also considered that the deceased had been very un• kindly treated. WIDENING OF CHANCERY-LANE TO THE EDITOR OF THE TIMES. Sir,—The two letters on the above subject which appeared in the Times of Saturday last it would seem have not had the desired effect. The scaffolding being now in the course of erection for the new building at the end of Chancery-lane, without any terms being effected, ere a few days have elapsed it will be too late to remedy this reproach to civilization. The parochial authorities have nobly done their duty, as you, Sir, have done yours ; but it is only fair, the improvement being a great public boon, in which every nobleman, merchant, gentleman, and tradesman in London is more or less concerned, that her Majesty's Commissioners of Woods and Forests, the Hon. So ciety of Lincoln's•inn, and the ground landlord, the Earl of Radnor, should severally bear their share of the necessary compensation. The opening of the Great Northern Railway has already increased the traffic in Chancery-lane to a considerable extent, and when the projected new Record-office, with the new street through the Roll's estate, &c., is carried out, the traffic will be still further extended. It may be urged, and perhaps with some reason, that the three houses on the west side of Chancery lane, holden of Bartholomew-hospital, are those which should be removed in preference to the ones proposed —as this would preserve greater uniformity in the line of buildings • but I would respectfully c on t en d, that ultimately the public will require these houses as well, and even then there will not be too large an opening for this daily increasing thoroughfare. To preserve greater uniformity in the present pro ject it will be necessary to take 24 inches in a shelving or slanting direction from the confectioner's shop, which will involve but a small expense in refronting the house, it being otherwise in perfect repair. The house also belongs to the Earl of Radnor, who holds property here to the extent of many thousands per annum. So important is the approach to Lincoln's•inn from Holborn, that the benchers have more than once con templated a similar improvement, which they hoped to have effected through their own property. It is to be hoped that all parties will meet together as men of business, and consult the public conve nience by agreeing to and tendering to the various interested parties a fair and liberal compenaation. If they will not accept this, it will be the duty of the parochial authorities, without loss of time, to empanel a jury under the Metropolitan Improvement Act to assess such compensation, the expense and t rou bl e o f which ought to be avoided if possible. I have the honour to be, Sir, yours, &c., 13E JUST AND FEAR NOT. Chancery-lane, Sept. 26. FOREIGN MUSICAL MEMORANDA. THEATRE ITALIEN, PARIS.—Some important en gagements have been concluded for the approaching season, and the troupe will soon be completely formed. It is said that the programme about to be issued will at once astonish and please the French public. The rehearsals of the chorus have been proceeded with, and M. Ber, the joint manager with M. Ronconi, has been extremely assiduous in the performance of his duties. Under all circumstances, a far more favour able season is anticipated than the last. A new work by M. Halevy is about to be produced at the Ofira Comique. The principal role will be entrusted to Mdlle. Darcier, but it is thought that it will have to undergo some alterations to suit the voice of this lady. The tenor Bordas has been engaged by Signor M - relli for the Imperial Theatre at Vienna. NAPLES.--The opera by the maestro Chiaramonte, Caterina di Cleves, has been recently produced at the San Carlo Theatre with the utmost success. Merca dante is engaged on a new work that is destined for the same theatre. The subject is a semi-serio poem by Marco d'Arienzo. A new work by Aspa, for the Teatro Nuovo, is also spoken of, under the title of Gli Aragonesi in Napoli. PALERMO.—The season here is about to open with Attila, interpreted by La Mazzioli, Landi, Cresci, and Selvi. POTSDAM.—The operatic theatre at Potsdam has ceased to be a private enterprise ; the management of the house has passed into the hands of the Marechal de la Cour. IVErsrAn.—A grand fate has just taken place here, to celebrate the inauguration of the statue of the celebrated philosopher, Herder, who died in 1803. The event was signalised by the performance of two grand musical compositions, written for the occasion, one being a cantata by Messrs. Liszt and Lohengrin, and a grand opera in five acts, by M. Richard Wegener, a pupil of Meyerbeer. The two works were highly successful, and a silver btiton was pre sented to M. Liszt the day after the fete by a musical society of the town. BRUSSELS.-A new Italian opera has just been established in Brussels, under the direction of Messrs. Quelus and Bocca. The work selected for the open ing night was Verdi's I Masnadieri, and the enter prise seems at present to be entirely successful. IST Eaßt \Dveßtozzpo.n—thOenboTdiueses daof N w p as held B jk y la ß st a a O n T i n nq E u ß es A t Ann Elizabeth Wardell, aged three years , and R War dell, aged fiftee n months, children of Robert Ward e ll, obert War labourer, who had bee n d rowned on the previous day. Har riett Wardell, the mother of the children, Monday last I wen t to glean in a field deposed—On took my two child ren w i th me of Mr. Hill's, and me. 1 left them under a hedge with some other children, and went off o'clock they both came over t the oto glean. About o side of the field where ne o I was. I gave them some cake, set them under a hedge, and told them to w a i t unt i l I hadglean, and then I would take them home. A pondgot was near another wher I left them, but it was fenced off. About a quarter of an hour after I went to the pl ace w h ere I left them, and I sa id , "H ave I two little bairns here?" as I usually did. I was surprised at not receiving an answer. I then began to look about, and on going to the pond I discovered the legs of one of the children projecting out of the water. I immediately got them out, and called to the people in the field. Mr. Clement, surgeon, was immediately sent for, and used every endeavour to res tore animation, but without eflect. In the absence of infor mation as to how the children got into the pond, the jury returned a verdict of " Found drowned." PUNISHMENT OF DEATH BY BURNING.--In the Notes and Queries of Saturday, the 10th of August, " Senex " gives some account of the burning of a female in the Old Bailey, " about the year 1788." Having myself been present at the last execution of a female in London, where the body was burnt (being probably that to which " Senex " refers), and as few persons who were then present may now be alive, I beg to mention some circumstances re lative to that execution which appear to be worthy of notice. Eight of the malefactors suffered on the scaffold, then known as " the new drop." After they were suspended, the woman, in a white dress, was brought out of Newgate alone; and, after some time spent in devotion, was hung on the project ing arm of a low gibbet, fixed at a little distance from the scaffold. After the lapse of a sufficient time to extinguish life, faggots were piled around her, and over her head, so that her person was completely covered; fire was then set to the pile, and the woman was consumed to ashes.—Notes and Queries. . CRIME IN IRELAN..q.7-1. The criminal tables for Ireland for t.N.zetir,'4s49...._ have been published. The following • : .p a ea)ch e observations which may be deduced 4- wm.;-;;;-; The returns for 1849 show an increase • ,nixiisttala of 3,467, or 899 per cent. on the p •, The gross annual number of committal• . • ied-• of seven years in 1849 has ranged from T. 614.4 A) „ to 41,989 (1849). In 1843 th e total number Of -3 committals was 20,126; for the next three years it was below 20,000; in 1847 it rose to 31,209, and in 1848 to 38,522. A comparison of the year 1849 with its predecessor shows in crimes against the person with violence a decrease of 11.8 per cent. ; in those against property with violence an in crease of 4.7 ; in those against property without vio lence an increase of 18.5 ; in malieious offences against property a decrease of 23-73 ; in forgeries and offences against the currency an increase of 30 . 05 ; and in miscellaneous offences an increase of 6 . 01 per cent. The first class of offences-viz , "a ga i ns t the person with viole nce ," offer a favour:-ble result as regards their character. The decrease under the head " Murder" is 12.83 per cent. on the preceding year. Tne committals for murder for the last eight years have ranged from 92 (1845) to 195 (1848); in 1849 they were 173, of which 138 were atq,itted on trial. In the committals for shooting and stabbing there has been a decrease f•om 110 to 66, or 40 per cent., while those for manslaughter have increased from 166 to 173. Committals for rape have decreased during the last three years, thus-62, 56, 43 ; and in assaults the decrease has been 10 . 24 per cent. In class No. 2 the crimes of sacrilege, burglary, and robbery show an in crease respectively of 25, 121, and 57, over 1848. heads, " Cattla stealin g ," under its several and " lar ceny," exhibit an incr ease o f 1 , 699 f or the former and 1,734 for the latter. Among the malicious offences, there is an increase under the head " arson" of 55, while in killing or maiming cattle there is a decrease of 322, or more than 60 per cent. The offences against the currency show an increase of 69, of which 41 are under the head buying, procuring, having, &c., counterfeit coin. The increase in the last class is principally under the heads " riot" and "rescue," the former being 279 and the latter 557 more than in 1848. In administering and taking unlawful oaths there is also an increase of 62, but in perjury and subornation there is a decrease of 17. The number of sentences of death passed for the first four years of a septennial period ending 1849, has ranged from 13 (1845) to 20 (1844); for the last three years there have been respectively 25, 60, 38. The transportations for life for the first four years of the same period ranged from 39 to 49, and for the last three years they have been respectively 17, 79, 61; those for 15 or 14 years ranged for the first four years from 15 (1845) to 29 (1846), and for the last three they have been 71, 71, 32; those for seven years ranged in the first four years from 428 (1845) to 526 (1844), and in the last three they were 1,587, 2,075, 1,896 ; the transportations for other periods ranged from 113 (1844) to 158 (1843) during the first four years, and for the last three were 440, 473, 1,061. The number of persons imprisoned for from one to two years during the first four years of the same period ranged from 107 (1844) to 193 (1846), and for the last three years respectively the numbers were 342, 263, 344 ; of those imprisoned for from six months to one year the number ranged during the first four years from 534 (1845) to 758 (1846), and during the next three was respectively 1,428, 1,410, 1,721; the imprisonments for six months and under for the first four years ranged from 4,347 (1841) to 5,282 (1845), and for the sub sequent years were 9,440, 11,289, 13,369. The number of persons fined or discharged, &c., during the seven years has ranged from 1,349 (1845) to 2,336 (1849), and of those whose sentence was re spited from 94 (1844) to 351 (1843). Of the capital offences passed in 1849, 15 were executed, viz., 13 for murder, one for shooting at, and one for solicitation to murder ; 20 were commuted to transportation for life, and three for 14 years. The greatest comparative num ber of acquittals, during the septennial period occurs in 1845, being 57.47 per cent., and the lowest in 1849, when it was only 49.5 per cent. The cases in which the greatest comparative number of ac quittals has occurred are those of offences classed under the bead " miscellaneous" and those "against the person," the respective proportion of acquittals for these being 58 . 33 and 64 82 per cent. The cases in which the smallest number of acquittals has occurred are those of offences against property, the proportion being 37 02 per cent. Of the 41,989 offenders committed in 1849, 31,340 were then and 10,649 women. Of the former 6,484 could both read and write, 3,023 could only read, 12,157 were unable to read or write, and of 9,676 the instruction could not be ascertained. Or the women 235 could read and write, 1,500 could only read, and 5,877 could do neither ; the number whose instruction was not ascertained being 2,357. When classed with respect to age we find the greatest pro portion of offenders occurring from the age of 21 to 30; the numbers being 7,151 men and 3,110 women. The next most numerous class is from 16 to 21 ; the relative numbers being 5,731 men and 2,238 women. PROPOSED BREAKWATER OFF BRIGHTON. On Tuesday a meeting was held at the Town-hall, to take into consideration the practicability of apply ing Mr. Smith's yielding Breakwater to Brighton. Mr. Wilkinson acted as chairman. Mr. Smith briefly explained his plan. Any object, he said, how ever fragile, might exist with safety in the roughest sea, if unmoored and capable of being carried hither and thither by the waves. Such was the principle of his breakwater; it was screwed to piles similar to those of the pier, but was flexible and and waved backward and forward with the motion of the water in such a manner that though offering every resistance, it seemed to offer none, and incurred no danger. In fine weather it was perfectly quiescent; and even in a storm the links by which it was connected were so few that comparatively trifling friction was pro duced, and consequently its durability might be reckoned on. It might be made of timber or wrought iron. It would afford anchorage alike for three- deckers and the smallest boats. The advantages it offered must be obvious. It would give Brighton the advantage of being a harbour-town, it would protect and increase its fishery, it would make it a rival to Ryde as a yacht ing station, and would be an ornament and a defence to the coast. The proposal could be easily carried into effect, and thereby cause persons to pass through Brighton to the Great Exhibition of 1851. Such a chance as that for reimbursing the money to be ex pended on it might not occur again for years. The expense would be about 12C,000/. a mile in round numbers. Mr. Thornton, Mr. Wilds (who said he preferred the plan to his own), Mr. Bass, Mr. Mow bray, Mr. C. Burrows, Mr. Ricardo, Mr. Goulty, Mr. Goodall, and Mr. Thorncroft, all spoke on the question, each taking the side of the advantages of breakwaters in general and of this in particular. Eventually, three resolutions were passed, expressive of the advantage and desirability of a breakwater at Brighton, and the design and model produced and explained by Mr. Smith appeared to offer great faci lities for the accommodation of the desired object, and that a committee be appointed to consider the subject, confer with such parties as they might think expedient, and report to a vestry meeting. Here for the present the matter rests.—Brighton Guar dian. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. CDESTEP. AND HOLYHEAD RAlLwAy.—Trafic for the week ended Sept. 22: MAIN LINE. Passengers Parcels, H. C. and D. Goods, cattle, &c. Mails ... ... £2,039 19 9 ... 74 8 11 ... 374 16 1 ... 575 0 0 Tot al ... £3,064 4 9 Pasrengers ... Parcels, U. C. and D. Goods, cattle, &c. ... £42 12 9 ... 1 5 4 ... 66 17 10 Total STEAM-BOATS. Passengers _ Parcels, H. C. and D. ... £llO 15 11 ... £243 14 2 ... 8 3 4 Total £251 17 6 LANCASHIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY.—(2S3I miles open. ) Traffic for week ending Sept. 22...X16,834 6 11 Corresponding week in last year, (1961 miles open) .. ....£12,006 15 9 MANCHESTER, BUXTON, MATLOCK, AND MIDLANDS JUNC TION RAILWAY.—Return of Traffic for the week ending Sept. 22 : Passengers, &c. ... Merchandise ... ... £164 4 1 ... 47 13 11 Total .. •.. £2ll 18 0 Corresponding week last year ... ielBB 10 7 LOATH STAFFORDSHIRE RAILWAY. (Miles 0pen,112.) Return_of traffic for the week ending Sept. 15:— Railway and canal X i,003 0 0 Corresponding week last year ... 4,260 0 0 Note. The above is exclusive of the receipts available under the agreement with the London and North-Wasters Railway Company. THE GREAT Noirrima. , { RAILWAY.—(MiIes open, 219.)_. Amount of revenue for the week ending Sept. 8 ••• £6,602 10 8 SHREWSBURY AND BIRMINGHAM RAlLWAY.,—Traffie re* ceipts for the week ending Sept. 22 : Passengers .•• ••• ••• £476 9 9 Can iages, horses, and parcels ... 22 2 4 Live stock ••• ••• ••• 517 8 Merchandise and minerals ... 174 17 0 Total .. £679 6 9 Corresponding period last year.. 115 14 8 Suggestion—advice given by a servant to his master. Eliza Cook's Journal. LOAN SOClETlES.—According to an Act of the late session the Act to amend the laws relating to loan societies, which would have expired at the end of the present month, are continued for another year, and to the end of the then next session of Parliament. MOLD.