The Sun. — London, England, 1850-01-21 00:00:00

zt;eedingly business b thing. New Nlid and I::ast. 6 i n t Pockets, 6/ lOs to 121; New Weald of Kett ditto, p ar e‘N kiLtzs.ex Gat t ° 81; N Q 51 15s to 61 15s; New (-, 1„, 1 „ 1 , 412 '5, 121 to 131; Yearling KentF, Si to 41 12s; % „ - ,:""ng Sussex, 21 8s to 31 - 17 s; Old Hops, 1/ to 41 per cwt. LAW INTELLIGENCE. 'QUEEN'S BENCH.—(THIS DA—) , HAI/ v. AYLING. th o le : WATSO N move d f ur a rule in this ease, calling on aefendant to show cause why the verdict which he 4 1 obtained should not be entered for the plaintiff; or new trial should not be had on the ground that trOeraiet was against the evidence. T he case as 44 short t i me a'o before Mr. Justice Erle, wbe a Nice re e „ r s found tor the de fend ant. The action was to h ui the amount of a bill cif exchange for 100/., which 4e,ib.tzutheennotg f iv ,r en a by the &fondant to a person nam . bet in connexion with the ninon g th4 ) B ,9r.alice" at one ef the races; Arbuthnot endorsed ellto the plaintiff; who, when the bill became duo, it, ° ‘ 4,l the defendant lour or five months longer to pay I, ol ,T ti ng' him to renew the old instrument. It had, the trier' never been raid. The defendant pleaded. at taef ;Tlkl. that the bill was granted for money lost at Vi et .n ,i and that it was under the statutes of Anne and l ye u nrecoverable, and the jury found accordingly. the' °ll Part of the plaintiff he had t t contend that I ) , Plaintiff held the renewed bill, in consequence of a Ra sa il i,,"e consid erat i on, an d t h at i nas much as no tlito t ;!1 t"ansactions had taken place between to ree: and the def en dant., that he was entiteet Pes mil v e i re [Formerly, by the statute ~!of Anne, Q„ ' lO lost above 10/. at play were punishable by t'eo, 'r e ly t hiell fine m us t b e recove red in a court of jus tisv be statute o f Vi c t or i a ma d e gaming and net tiei,sgela or at least not punishable as before by fine; traeesrlneY lost at play, or in betting, could not tie ta a court of justice. He contended that the 111 ;tt: 1 " in question between the plaintiff and defen e„l4l net com e w i t hi n t h e mean i ng o f th e law. It was th:; st^e „, r aee case altogether, for the jury came into the jT i p " and gave a v er di c t for the plaintiff; but one of l 'rcil e il i tn called out that he did not agree with the d ; elib • f. "-hey were then directed to retire and agi . a , in . and such was the effect of that dissatisfied the ) d ill i n 's verdict, that he induced the eleven to find f)r oily ei;.`lathot — (Laughter.) So that he might say that hie . al Lordship and one of the jurymen were against kr, T the ' tclint entitle° ERLE said he was strongly of opinion that A tte was a proper one. h 4 r so mefurther discussion, ennter granted a rule. hordeXr,„ -- ,—tiEQUER.—(THIS DAY.) `'ourt proceeded with the special psper te-flayd. d otin g e ,, la ° of the slightest general importance was hear euo naorning. 11411 - , COURT.—(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Justice WtoriTstast.) i~uFLANBURY V. DAMPIER. rAa'lßFais appliekunder the 46th section of the hb e e -rtaalutation Act' for an order to tax the costs . in d lreet e That section provided that an issue mightbe ~Raipby this Court when a landowner appealed %be t s t k the decision f the Tithe Commissioners, and f teti e m ' e n the issue was tried it would be in the dis h 01 11 LL the Court to direct the taxation of the costs. 444 Present instance the landowner had appealed . 'en ards mate by the Commissioners, and it 'ea 1.- " "'at, with the - exception of one point, he had iii:uceessful in etsblishing his appeal. the e,34arlante ;anted a rule nisi, to show cause why 'tit should n g ot be taxed. -keII (RUPTCY.—(THIS DAY.) ,„ (Befor e M r . C omm i ss i oner FANE.) 44 ~,'ItISDICTION OF THE COURT.—EXPARTE. sot ha t application was made in a case where a the - ii been is , u g inst a party residing at Els art, a—a • I. C rt in order that nt of to Birmingeam ou ' l 'o o3 — d i ngs might be removed into this court. ;Nlii ; a n affidavit of facts, it appeared that only one es t t 't , e 'Pel in the Birmingham district, all the igetu O i lne - l arge amount in London; and the debts with of te, 2 7„,1t 0 a gra atextent, been contract e I within the hi ( „"bne The bankrupt had, without the knowledge ;Ntle;t,aditore, ossi Tied the property, which was being 'W'zi -87 60 1 d by auction, g as other goods had been as rog re d t eels e 4111 i R d slid it looted very much like a case of ket hut Jr he did not know that he had any power to ( 0. 11 ' l ' the old law each Commissioner had an ori ,''irClir"diction t under the last Act, by which the ( \ tt it hrie(lietieeted o.B.eteiew "diction, a.holished (that court tormerly en i_tnese eases on petition), certain . acts were s i (his to done by the Senior Commissioner (Evans). to - C °l lr) if ere fire considered that the case 'hoe ka her ferred to the Senior Commissioner. His I:4l : B l r e t r uP ,T l wrote a statement of the case for Mr. Com oeke ~.4 4a ts to decide on at his own :residence, as " 4 8 ur gent . _ Tills DAY.) 1 4 „„ W-STREET.—( vit t ; - 'ennain, an e macicted.look f in r g e w m o r m . th„ tst her breast, was charged be u women, o w ry ith wi a th n Alti'llc""ing offence:— I lls it ee ,c l Shee, a grocer anti day evening t e tsa(4•''llry, eposed that on Sa l - • che . esemonger, residing r i i n . possible,. Nld 4 slo into his shop with a l Prosecutor know to sixpence. t i t h r e effrontery ki t llOt tn t,! th ded the los°°l if course refused - e O , 1 - -og whatever of the woman, muttering some ( i4 Litly P s ji ,, W ith her unreasonable request, Vn?-,„"`;°Yed went out of and she, seem 'et mo s s nerseif. A short time after minutes stood in s toe7 4 ,'Y she returned, and for aom a p ft l e a r ee e his refusal to lend Henowevern t4ltittPlit tilt tide at the window.i, manner and Itt O lh 4 t1 437 n° tise of her, 6 , 11 e immediately ran out, window, t s„ e - 4 Pine of glass.a desperate NI ... °nee acknowledged he * having from her presen too d tittita:Vore unless she was relieved the broken the t _ es. the whole lot. (1411,,,hdition she would sma t once given custody. kr: b °t- 4 PO li eOttan she was a this hs b qicbilyit remarked that put a i a n b to le t custom 410 t'iobtai -`' he, if 11°4 ee°4lin g general among these beggars, abomin t of the dl t to hle'grao"y, and i t . lt 4, a o lle, and indefault committed I' l 4 se'''sYs. Mr. Henry requested the_ .1 3 at the office c o o o m to m r, "saZatliall way oriitnsines9, to lookhtln 4tc' d payment w ro a s s e for the purpose 4 440 two and three o'clock, no doubt his window. 4 klnD a.• ' e dole tfarr-e-, tt e, good the 4.ll(tag • ,_ _• DAY.) (THIS Altla altcy-sTit.E."O- - nt 4 , :104L-X401:18 ASSAULT U . PON . A , before Mr. Bing e,, FEMALE. Joseph 7 Ittld Hunt/ j.e4,4--.1-r-- :• R itg9l_ "fitted a m _ iteart..... ; _ 4 . r i ' - , .1 former c,, e' . bilious, , . of the • ~,,,,5 kir-usuge'. l e o'clock on ti s it i'4 :, ° ' . . 3 that about twe v . tteitti,-11 night, i., . male wife of the llrisCttqllarket, where Ale' fat"— ' the w • 7 0. 11, Prince's-row, the floor in the pasn la> sr lying in a pool of blo,ot i L id, ~ oh, policema 0 f ot6_ l l, e liftel her up, whenS klitCaa sake, save my life." bi. ' head, t --- scalp being co - t! e ''' et dt ealful cut on the k --- e l Ikea observed . that rn_ it, „ in, he ran for a cab, 41,' ~'"lt off a-_1(1 turned bac wardic from the fore tticl, h 13eeing the stile she was conveyed his return to the 'O t t l v , it 'g pla.cel the injured woman there, i'sllll:l"`trin,„o.eross Hospital. On who, in reply to his , ti t , h ; 4e saw-th,o, m a le prisoner, it all, i n a row tb"llies -.1" -1,,- Lee had done , _ e ), h said Mrs. _,a lan.dau ._ !sit t041„,_ !th epris o n e r .indal-b Y i n to custody, Ille titi '4 male . and took the female ri % , Weat to Tindal-buildings and aubse .certificate, i tt4 r: Witness produced asurgeon's surgeon at Charing ,,tott% ay M. Steggal, the house was in a 1111%.041344, stating that the injured wo man , us state, and would be unable _ every he had made iti °t4 e d W. that h illir o 'Vs* W it ness added to attend the court 'Slav Its to the cause of the assault , the whole of the Na t '' t ''t Persons, mostly Irish, saw but, although a comellticia they 1 f e ' sY a► , yi /11 r ivard • ' ith one exception, declined to tpotZestor Whall, said he had been. woman. She was t, e)t, Where he saw the iejurea ,a. to the hospital this Ttylii„l,4sensible, and the surgeoa s• - au , s life would be '0 ere'as wa.s to take plac i the ed to him that if Still Ilsiderab le of td f danger. He ure the attendance th t , or a rt. it and ; in order to t croon w e om p therefore 1/4,..1,4,14wi11ing wituesse-. d 111`. Utriott.tia remanded the prisoners. a wel!--dress . e . IN, l'ebLiiT 11013BERy._Ann Broug hton , charged with -..it ti Bingham, 4 ,40 1 ,4 *aus placed before Mr. Bing property of Ads, the 41t Il lg 4 Pair of lar .ts, value 7s. ~, . anan,..aouit s ' yob ' ( - a o.te eittd. el Butler, bout make'',loo, , th 'clock on Sa llied: Prosecutor stated that about seven o bis shop an"! Pal?' "'ening, the prisoner came into Whilst his buck * 11,, 54 4secl et Pair of children's boots. hung t ' I ll: Atu ß tn' ° ,wards the counter, over which in -.. e h i t' -glass ,h e saw the reflection of the ß prisone r ßlucher bouts atitl e t uf puttin g a pair of men's up t . ) her, e%11,14. her shawl. lie then went the parlour In; rsquestsil her to walk into • She iinua€- thOt4‘ fess minutes and sit down. She ~ Good God! y ou 3' became much confused and said with taking :tllltititt'JY dO hot, mean to accuse we hair and witio s-• - tiv h - '4. ''' She then sat clown on a c tlo • or. A col.- sttwe'r dr.,p the boots produced on th r was given in t hte Ns• wtls then sent for, and the prisoner Ad i s prisoner to ~I','soltstable 123 E said he took the in a baslu-t i-4,Lon ci r r i re s•lie was searched, aud t fresh pork hi eh Zut dhe f utud a large piece b e d not a fat - - 4 ' l4 g ,z,"L }44 (l no doubt was stoleu. She a ~. The I ° lo 'y abut her. was COIL - `4ltrkd P4lsoner, who did not offer any defence, -• tor trite. , \\*„ .............___—__ . 11 not open 1 1,. ; sire informed that her M 'i est Y v'l W e . fvde r'ltsb-u"4 st-ssion , f Parliament in absence person. on that oc r1i.,4, 4 t"! believe 044 rer Majesty s of an event t t lief i ,:'.l l l k e owing to the near approach r to the Royal 'Nil 'ld Probably add another mt mhe 41 4 / '' no less than 131 I'll CosTumE —There have been t itle tatoiles for ar v glauted • wit ,in the last few months,. for parts 141 - 'Yearin ' 1 Thrce out of thcs t e hion (lye for t w "" elle tie%"lPartt • pon the capricei of.a" of u ' setel tith. irittr gi, e6atiliton.' eunduthe other for a number Five have the Pttl3,--", e'retbinceCla in au outer garment. sixth r - Klutte'',7stitoge of explaining themselves—the , 0., r ath,; ' l4 , le elabaratiou It is the invention ; an,,, Ill t! ' "n'reilLi.nns 1 Al' • Stove! of Bond-street , and, brth , ,* 0 r. '. ' eat, tray e) In t ~,,, guise of an ordinary tlf)• o i our han )- ` 44 ond a b . sail the vfiri.bility. for Wh• gsful oi t' I Llened, to everypurpose wily 4 c,s_et2aote, and adapted . neat to ile sleeve in itsrit ~,,i, . i, y ~e ' .. ,'.:L . an he desig and, is well shaped, c),,411t 144,X:tilt, 'hy novelties) Of the present loose itp'',,sa, prete`44,:a the advantages the arm. This itsrtrl:it ai__ hall g e arid beau whom such matters tei. (i n t- i, tH.,..,u ‘s_raay induce . those to wilt „f -ull! ea to thi ° , _trio: Xorctse Loon- own judgment of 4 ktrelit . ... r_ i ' e l wally (Aber manifoldappli ca t ions izeral,i. IRELAND, ---- - DUBLIN, SATURDAY.—DEATH OF THE REV. DR. ELRlNGTON.—lnte , lligenco reached town this day of the death of the 11 , ±v. Charles R. Elrington, D.D., Regius Professor of Divinity in the University of Dublin, which took place yesterday evening, at his residence at Armagh, of which parish he was rector. The Warder gives the following particulars of the melancholy event :- 4 It appears that the deceased Professor had been suf fering for the last fortnight or three weeks from a severe attack of gout, from which, however, he was believed to have almost pet fectly recovered. So decided an improve ment indeed did he exhibit, that his physician, Dr. Cumming, had expressed en intention to discontinue his visits, as his professional attendance appeared to be no longer required. At about six o'clock yesterday even ing, however, he was again suddenly and violently attacked by the disease, and the relapse appeared of so alarming a character that a servant was inst tntly dis patched to Dublin to procure the professional assistance of Dr. Stokes ; but in a short time tvter the messenger had set out upon his journey, he was overtaken and recalled, the attack having, in the brief interval of about an hour, terminate': fatally. The painful intelligence excited great surprise and sorrow when it became generally known in the Univer sity, and arrangements were promptly entered into, in order to exhibit in a becoming manner the respect due, not only to the per. onal character, but to the distinguished attainuienrs and long collegiate cenuexion of the deceased, who for forty years has cc capieJ au eminent position amongst the heads of the university, having been c'etited Fellow in 1810, and for the last twenty-two years filled the divinity chair. By the death of Dr. Elrington. the rectory of Armagh and the regius professorship of divinity become vacant. The former appointment is in the gift of the Ltrd Primate, the latter of course in the board of Trinity College." DEATH or THE DEAN OF CLONFERT.—A letter arrived in town this morning, conveying intelligence of the death of the Very Rev. Thomas Hawkins, D.D., Dean of Cionfert, on Thursday evening, PROTECTIONIST MOVEMENT. The intention of convening a Protectionist meeting in the county of Sligo has been abandoned. In tact, the Irish Pro tectionists seem to have had quite enough agitatio❑ ; and they ere now resorting to petitions quietly cir culated amongst the party. CALEDONIAN ASYLUM. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—The attention of the directors having been called to a letter in your paper, from "A Guardian," stating that there had been presented to one of the pupils a " Tour by the Spanish Minstrel," a book of an objectionable character, I am instructed to inform you that the directors expressed their deep dissAtisfac don that any such book should have been given ; they were not aware of it until "A Guardian" called attention to it in your columns, and at the last Court they re ceived the resignation of the master, who stated that he had given it at his own cost, and of his own accord, Li ignorance of its contents.—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, CHARLES RENTON, Superintendent and Secretary. Royal Caledonian Asylum, Jan. 19, 1850. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—I am desired by the directors of this national charity to state to you that their attention has been called to various anonymous and other strictures upon the management and discipline of the institution which have appeared in your paper, and in others of the me tropolitan prints. The directors regret to observe the tone and animus of these communications, and of the remarks which they have called forth, and they lament that their efforts for the welfare of the large number of destitute children committed to their care should have been impeded in a manner calculated to injure the charity and mislead its supporters. The punishment, of which so much has been at tempted to be made by a comparison with " Hun garian torture " the " system of corporal punish ment," and the like, consisted in three stripes with a rod composed of a few birch twigs administered to each of three girls of the age of twelve years, for an uncleanly fault, not a "disease," which reproof had failed in correcting, but which the discipline described immediately cured, and it has never since recurred. At an early meeting of the directors, al er this un usual punishment was brought to their knowledge in the summer of 1849, the circumstances attending it, sere investigated, and although they were satisfied that it had been administered with leniency and tem per, and in the presence of the matron only, the di rectors immediately intimated to the superintendent their disapproval of such mode of correction, and ordered that, except in the case of very young children, nu punishment of the kind should in future be inflicted. At a recent quarterly court (in December) of guardians and subscribers, the subject and the system were again discussed ; the personal chastise ment of the elder girls was unanimously condemned and forbidden, whilst the directors were supported by an overwhelming majority in their conviction of its being inexpedient wholly to abolish all recourse to that discipline in the cases of young children vs ho had been found otherwise incorrigible. The directors of this asylum altogether repudiate the sentiments which have also been publicly—but they believe upon insufficient information—expressed in regard to the state of the schools, the ability of the teachers, and the progress of the pupils ; they deem it unadvisable to enter upon a discussion of these points through the medium which they are now induced to adopt in addressing their subscribers and the public, but they consider it right to declare their entire satisfaction with the progressive improvement of the children, as attested by the periodical reports of the Government inspector, and their conviction, that in dividual subscribers would better exhibit their in terests in the institution by taking a share in its ma nagement, and devoting to its details their personal superintendence, than by sending forth crude, ill-ad vised, and overcharged statements, which only tend to weaken the confidence of the public at a time when the funds of this most useful and valuable charity urgently demand increased support. have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient ser- J. SIMPSON, Chairman of the meeting. Royal Caledonian Asylum, Jan. 18, 1850. [This must close all further communications on the subject of this excellent but much vilified insti tution. We will not condescend to allow the co lumns of The Sun to be prostituted to the dissemi nation of internal bickerings or the gratification of outward disappointed malevolence. For the future we would recommend the belligerent parties to attend more to the wants of their fellow-countrymen by the practice of that benevolence which has been hitherto dissipated in angry profession and charitable humbug. The true patriot helps his distressed friend, but makes no fuss about the merit of doing good.— En. Sun.] vant, DIAMOND DUST. (From Eliza Cook's Journal.) A poem must be either music or sense; if it is neither, it possesFes no interrst. The wretched are great readers of countonanee.. In the natural history of insects, ih3 grub turns into a butterfly; but it ( ften occurs in the natural history of man, tt at the butterfly turns into a grub. It is good and elevating to believe that there are men who pieserve in na' hood the boyish bloom of their open-hearted tems; but ai it is a rare fortune to meet them, ht us honour, cherish, and love them, in propor- tion to their scarcity. Speak of yourself as seldom as may te. If you praise y.urt‘elf, it is arrogance; if you dispraise, it is folly. Utility is the truest test of xcel!ence. SALE OF AUSTRALIAN HORSES.—Messrs. Brodie, Boque, and Co., on S.turday, the Bth of December, put up for sale, by public auction, the batch c f Australian horses which arrived lately from Sydney by the Nile. The biddings were very brisk, the best animal (a flue horse) fetching 60/. another V/. down t) the most in ferior f the lot, which fetched 371. The pork and beef by the same vessel l a ., by those who Lave tasted it, been pronounced of first-rate quality. Sydney, we are told, now are inanufit turers of wine to some extent, but hitherto none of it„has found its way to this country, where it would probably find some sale, if only for a curiosity. TUE WEATHER AND PARES, 84c. 7 —Yesterday the frost returned with increased intensity. On Saturday night the barometer fell to 28 deg. Fahrenheit, and at seven o'clock yesterday morning the ornamental waters in the parks were again firmly trczen, and-throughout the day thronged with thousands of individetils. Up wards of 90,000 persons, it was calculated, were on the frozen waters in, the parks during the day, without any accident beyond a few cases of Fait al immersion occur ring, the individuals being rescued by the Humane S, - ciety's icemen. AMATEUR DRAMATIC PERFORMANCE. —On Satur day evening a perfoyunilece took place at the Boner Sa loon, for the benefit if the widow and orphaos of the late William Gray, compositor, to which a numler of gen tlemen' connected with the daily press lent their set -vice. The play chosen for tie occasion w Colman's comedy of the Heir-at- Law —the character of Dr. Par.- gloss being ably rendered by Mr. Bennett, who gave the classical quotations with accuracy aed precision ; Zekiel Homespun was well rendered by Mr. Moss, as also Cicely by Miss Moss, and Dick Dowlas by Mr. S. Bu•tin. The other characters in the comedy were most efficiently sustaiued by Messrs. Biddies, H artw ell, W. Talleut, Fellows , Le Sautcur, Mrs. Wood, and Miss Mortimer. An Ethiopian entertainment by the Messrs. 'lisle. , and the fsrce of the Married Bachelor—Mr. Christian supporting the character of Sharp with excel spirit—brought the evening's entertainment to a eio,e. The house was crowded in every part. ANOTHER CHANGE OF THE MAIL.—The Er glibh ma il, which now lelves Dublin at twenty minutes after twelve, wilt, on the Ist c f February, le dispatched at fifty minutes after eleven A.M.—Cork Examiner. The Eliza Sanders, from Patras to Liierpool, took fire 15th instant, off Cape Clear, and was destroyed. Crew (except one man drowned) took the boat, and were picked up by the Tranderoga , arrived at Liverpool from Mole. WEST INDIA and MEXICAN MAILS. The royal West India mail steamer Great Western, Captain Woolfe, arrived at Southampton yesterday forenoon, with the West India and Mexican mails, which were landed under the charge of Lieutenant Kiddie, R.N., Admiralty agent. The dates of her mails ara as follows :—Vera Cruz, Dec.l7 ; Havan • nab, 27 ; Honduras, 30 ; Jamaica, 22 ; St. Jago de Cuba, 19 ; Demerara, 19 ; Trinidad, 21 ; Barbadoes, 29 ; Antigua, 30 ; Martinique, 29 ; Grenada, 23 ; Porto Rico, 28 ; St. Thomas, 29 ; La Guayra, 19 ; Tobago, 26 ; Jacmel, 15 ; Dominica, 30 ; Porto Ca bello, 19 ; Guadaloupe, 30 ; Montserrat, 30 ; Nevis, 30; !St. Kitts, 30; Tortola, ;1 ; Bermuda, 7. She brings twenty-three passengers; and amongst her cargo is specie to the amount of 202,000 dollars en merchants account, and 66,000 dollars on account of Mexican dividends. On the 16th ult. the purser of H.M.S. Sappho (which ship left Port Royal, Jamaica, on the 18th November) arrived at Belize with intelligence that his ship had strnck on the Gth December, at 4.30 on Seal Rock, 46 miles S.W. of Belize, on her voyage to Amor. A schooner was immediately sent to her assistance. When the purser left the Sappho her fike keel was off, her rudder was unshipped, and she was making two feet of water per hour. Her guns hi:d been thrown overboard. It appears, how. ever, that her crew had succeeded in getting her into deep water, and hopes are entertained of the saving of the ship The West India steamer Cly de, which left South ampton on the 21 ult., with the Mexican mails via Bermuda, experienced dreadful weather on her outward voyage. She was unable to make Ber muda in consequence ; she was driven southward, and' was not able to make St. Thomas before the 28th ult. Her outward Bermuda mails were left at St. Thomas, and she proceaded on to the Gulf, via Porto Rico and Jamaica. The Great Western, being at St. Tooinas when the Clyde arrived, took the outward Bermuda mails, brought out by the Clyde, on to their destination Her Majesty's Phi pa Wellesley, Plumper, and Hecate, were at Bermuda on the 6th instant. The latter would be ready to sail on the Bth instant. The Viper sailed from Bermuda for England on the 3d. The West India royal mail steamer Thames, which brought up the Gulf mails to Bermuda, was bound for New York. _ _ The Great Western made a splendid run from Mr muda to Southampton in thirteen days on her home ward voyage in lat. 38 35, lon. 48 20. She ex changed numbers with the ship Miltiades bound for Liverpool. Very little news arrived by this mail. In Jamaica the three petitions for the suspension of the present political constitution of the Loand have been dissemi nated throughout the various parishes fur signature. Great dissatisfaction is expressed at the contem plated change in the communication with the island and England, by the contemplated change of from fortnightly mails to intervals of three weeks between each. The Bill which has been introduced into the House of ~, s sernbly for the purpose cf raising the interest due on the public debt by means of an extra imposition of duty on a dozen of the most important articles cf import, has very little chance of pass ing into law. Excessive dulness of trade is com plained of. Local financial reform occupies the attention of the politicians of British Guiana, and great efforts conti nue for reducing the salaries of public officers. The reCkfit stoppage of the supplies has produced no prac tical resultfor the Governor, in opening the Com bined Court on the 18th ult., distinctly stated in his speech that no taxes could he remitted. The war between the Dominicans and Hayti:ins proceeds vigorously. The invading fhet have •cap tured that of I.lnyti. . The imperial treasury appears to be nearly empty, for the Emperor Soluque having ordered about four thousand muskets from the United States, an Americtin vessel conveyed them to Port au-Prince ; but on her arrival there it was found that the lisytian Government had not the means of paying for them. The Captain of the vessel then took them to St. Thomas, and as soon as the Domi nican Government was informed of this circumstance, a purchase was immediately effected, and we now have the four thousand muskets in our possession. Soluque has therefore had the mortification of having ordered weapons to be turned against himself. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENCE. JAMAICA. (From de Cordovas Mercantile intelligencer, Dec. 21.) Alewives-50 barrels have brought 226. per barrel. Butter—We have not heard of any transactions iu which remains at 11d. per lb. 150 small kegs American have fetched Bd. per Bread-40 barrels navy have been sold at 18s. For barrel. 12 barrels Wattson's crackers at 235. per barrel. Codfish—A very large cargo, consisting of 666 tierces, 91 boxes, and 84 lita boxes, has arrived from St. John's, Newfoundland, which, adding to the large cargo alluded to in our last, has completely ruined the market. An other cargo, consisting of 15 hogsheads large, 180 tierces of ordinary, and 280 boxes has come in from HaUf.ix, and has met sale, but at prices that have not been allowed to transpire. Flour—This articles is dull, and the stock is accumu lating; three further arrivals have taken place. The trade refuse to pay 335. for Philadelphia, and 34a. for Baltimore, at which prices these descriptions are held. Hams—Prime quality English are scarce. Herrings are in demand. The last receipt; of 150 barrels sold t exdily at 225. for No. 1. and 20s. for No. 2. lard—Sales have been made at sid. per lb. Lumber—White pine is wanted. Mackerel are very scarce, but at the high rate of 30s. per barrel for No. 3 ; the market will not support other than trifling supplies. Meal—The stock is increasing. Some parcels were arriving from the outports. We quote the article dull, t 21s. Oil—Cod is much wanted. It is being sold at 2s. 6d. per gallon. Rice—Carolina has been sold at 20i. per 100 lbs. Gold—Columbian doubloons, 1i per cent. on 645, each. Sanish doubloons, 1 per cent. premium on 68s. each. IMPORTS. From the 14th to the 20th of December, 1849. Flour, 1,250 barrels ; meal, 437 barrels ; rice, none; fish cod, 15 hhds., 842 trs., 510 boxes, equal to 3 , 923 quintals; mackerl, 40 barrels ; alewives 111 barrels ; haideck, none; herrings, 150 barrels ; salmon,L 40 bar rels ; bread, 547 barrels ; butter, 200 kegs ; lard, 150 kegs ; candles, 1,856 half-boxes ; soap, none ; pork, 3 barrels; beef, 8 barrels, 60 half-barrels; tongues, none; oil, none ; salt, none ; tobacco, none ; corn, 350 bags ; wine, none; brandy, none; lumber, P. P. none; lumber, W. P. none; staves, R. 0. 20,'200; staves, W. 0. 15,800; wood hoops, none; shingles, cedar, none; shingles, cy press, 39,000. WELSFI SYMPATHY WITH HUNGARY. The following affecting letter, having reference to the recent meeting in Wales on behalf of the Hun rians, will well repay perusal : Sir,—The Hungarian n fugees residing in London beg to inform you that it was with feelings of the tenderest emotion and deepest gratitude they read the report of the meeting presided over by you on the 23th ult. The noble sentiments of sympathy manifested with our re verse fell like sweet balm upon the wounds of our hearts, while the right comprehension of our situation, and the just views of our recent struggle, fill us with admiration for the high knowledge and sagacity of the noble speakers, so much the more as one portion of the English press, the Times, endeavours to mislead public opinion. Ye: . , Sir, we have been the most pcaleable of all nations—the most loyal of all subjects; strangers to all revolutionary and subversive schemes—conspiracies and demagogic al stratagems were unknown with us. Our only aim was to introduce such reforms in our constitu tion as religious tolerance and the spirit of the nine teenth century loudly required. We have not sought the contest; we were pushed into the revolution by the duplicity and perfidy of that dynasty, so well character. ised in the judgment of one of your most renowned statesmen, cited by the principal speaker in the meting. That d) nasty excited a fraticide war between two brother peoples. hitherto living in the deepest peace and friend ship. Yes, Sir, the Emperor himself, who swore solemnly to conserve our constitution, convened the Hungarian Diet, summoning them to put down the Croatian revolt, while secretly, and a few weeks later openly, he insti gated the Croatians to ravage our country, with ,the sordid view of destroying both the contesting parties, and build the tower of absolutism on the ruins of be th. God assisted our arms; we defeated the perfidious army . , though by far more numerous, and would have succeeded in securing the blessings of peace and liberty to (Air beloved country but for the invasion of those northern barbarians, who, in overwhelming us, en slaved also Austria, are about to subdue Turkey and the Danubian provinces, the key of the Orient, and have gaire I such a preponderance on the continent as to en danger the peace of Europe, if Ergiund does not oppose their ambtitious schemes. God the Almighty will, we trust, revenge the cruelties perpetrated on our heroic brethren amid innocent sisters, and lie shall pour his blessings on the nation of Brilon , , who so generou-iy gave shelter to the homeless and assistance to the forsaken. Finally, we beg to inform the honourable speaker, A. J. (formes, Ekq , whose name we will for ever record in grat:tide, that though Kossuth was a Protestant but in the Ministry, there were besides Count Battbyany, murdered by the Austrians, even a Catholic Bishop, viz., he historian Michael Horvath, Bishop of Csanad. In the name cf the Hungarian refugees, G. KLAPKA, General. 20, Oxford-terrace, London, Jae. 4, 1850. Mr. Richardson, of Aberhirnant. The boilers of the engines at Hobson's colliery, near Amfield-plain, exploded a few days ago, but with out any farther damage than the total destruction c f the boilers and part of the machinery. We tegi et to add that the occurrence was by no means accidental, but was caused by a body cf fifteen men, who made their appearacce disguised , and having ordered the engine man offthe premises, placed, it is supposed, a barr e l of gunpowder upon a quantity of damp coals which they previously threw upon the firer. The colliery is th e property of the Marley-bill Coal Company, between whom and the men in their employ considerable di:— agreement had existed for some time paste—Newcastle Chronicle. THE UN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 21, XB5O. EMIGRATION TO TEXAS. [The period of emigration being now about to set in, when so many of our fellow- countrymen arc about to seek a new home on distant shores, has induced us to make rather copious extracts from a very able work, ; entitled " A Journey through North-E as tern Texas,' by E. Smith, M D., L.L 8., and B.A.] THE NATURE OF THE SOIL.—The s , )il is universally alluvial, and has received name; according to iti colour rather than its composition; as black, mulattoe, grey, ash, and red, and t f these the black, red, and grey soils are the Le,t defined. The prairies cf Hopkins county afford excellent pas turage, and the soil being stiffer than on the woodland, wheat and small grain may to grown vith profit. I❑ depth it varies from a few inches t) twenty feet, but with the exception of certain patt3 of Cooke and Dallas counties, whe;e the lime poir is abound, I have not se,in it of a less depth than from twelve to twenty ieche% In the valleys its depth has never been deter willed, except at certain points, where the rain has formed deep ravines in the soil, at the bottom of which the substratum may be seen. It is universally admitted to be the finest soil in the country, equalling in fertility the rich alluvial bottoms of the great Mississippi valley, to portions of which soil it bears a striking tesemblani e All the productions of the grey soil grog on the black soil, but with far greater luxurianco. WOOD.—The varieties of wood are the black oak, White oak, red oak, post oak, aril black jack, which exist universally, with pine, live oak, ash, elm, sycamore, hickory, walnut, sweet gum, cottan wood, wild plum, cherry, and hackberry, very commonly; and V - ie beautiful boil d'Arc, the cedar, and the cypress in isolated luct hies. The hois d'Arc is a h, autifill yellow Yard wood, very eziduring, from which are made excellent waggons, and aTt' cies of furniture. flie French use the v( - idow as a dye, and bcaut f.al wa3i ing sticks are made from the twigs. The hickory is a oeuvy darlO-coloured wood, very suitable for tool handles., and fuel for domestic purposes, and vast herds of pigs feed upon its nuts. The red cedar splits readily, and is very enduring when used as le:!cing, beirg even superior to the black locust t! el of the Western States. Cypress is used•most commonly in the marinfietare of water butts and troughs, and is the be,t fuel fir steam-en gines. The wood is not thickly planted, aid since the ;Ind is almost free from undergrowth, the clearing is effected with much ease. lioa.Ds.—The modern roads have been laid out by the aid were cut by the compas s , an d conseque ntly are much more direct than the former ones. The tract is usually very plain, so that we never I,,st our way. The condition of such roads depends mainly upon the nature of the soil and the reasons. in dry weather a good open bard road is found almost everywhere, but in rainy seasons the black deep limy soil is far less agreeable than the grey sandy soil. The horsemen traverse the country with ease at the rate of 45 miles per day. We found bridges of a very simple construction over (very creek of any magnitude, but their number ought to be much increased, so that the traveller might never need to tread up the muddy bottom of the smallest rill. RIVERS.—The following are the available points of navigation:- 1. Shrieveport situate in 32 deg. 30 min. c f latitude, to which point the produce from Northern Loui s i ana an d a large portion of North-East Texas is nt present carrie 2. Jefferson.—This is situated in Texas, on Cypress Creek, and in 32 deg. 46 min. of . 10 . . It is app roac h e d from Shreeveport by the Red ILI er, and the 12 mile Bayou, and a long chain of lakes, and ,enters farther to the west than Shreeveport, and consequently is a more convenient port to the settlers in the interior. St eam _ boats have plied these lakes during the past four years, but no regular line has been established until the present season. 3. Sulphur fork of Red River. This large branch empties itself into the Red River above the raft. 4. Upper Red River. The Red River is perfectly navigable to Fort Washite, nearly 1,000 miles above Shreeveport, and produce may be shipped at any point upon it. The present head of navigation is Pinehill, opposite Towson ande exported Clarkeiville,rom the more because the t Eo quantity rt of produce westerly parts does not at pres ent su pp ort navi g ati o n higher up than Pinehill. The c lae g es f or freight from Pinehill are extravagantly hig h when compared with d other routes, and to avoid it, some settlers have, during the present season, built rafts on which they have floated their produce, whilst others prefer ti haul it t Shreeve port at a cost of l dollars per 8001bs., repaying them ,elves by Lack carriage. At the preset . t time all pre-- duce conveyed down Upper Red River must be re-ship ped at Shreerepop e which alone greatly increases the charge for freight; but so soon as the Red River is im improvei around the raft, vessels will pass up Upper Red River direct from New Orleans, and the rates will he properly adjusted to the distance. I learnt from the State Engineer of Louisiana that tee Legislature c f a at State have ordered certain improvements to be made in the Red River, which have a most impel tint bearing upon the development of N.E. Texas, and should be well ceu sidered by our colony. This engineer is now engaged in enlarging the channel cf the Bayou Pierre, by which, and the Rigoleadt-!ton-Dieu, the distance from New Orleans is much lessened. This will be effeeted imme diately; and in the autumn he intends to remove such a portion of the fills at Alexandria as shall permit vessels to Tess above them at low water. It seems more than probable that Red River will continue to be the outlet for the produce of Eastern Texas, since it encloses a large portion of the most fertile land, and by it the produce may pass to one of the beat markets in the world without tianshipment. RAILROADS.-The Great Pacific Railroad now ab sorbs public attention. From the- Hun. Judge Mills, and many other gentlemen, we learn that the Texan Legislature intend at their next session to make a pro position to Congress so advantageous to the undertaking that they are convinced that this railroad will traverse the northern portion of Texas. Many other reasons are offered why this railroad should pass through Texas. It is the shortest route. It would never be impeded by snow; whilst the opposi tion route would be impassable during several months of the year. We cannot be surprised at the great exertions: made, and the intense anxiety felt by the Texans in this under taking, when we consider the following matters. Firstly. They have probably the finest aericulteral and manufacturing country in the world, only requiring railroads to attract settlers with capital and enterprise, in order to develop it; and whenever this is effected, its size and natural advantages will secure to Texas the preponderating influence in the States. secondly. All parties, whether in Texas or the sister slat's, agree that the country offers unparalleled facilities for the construction of railroads. No railroad would probably cost more than 1,0001. per mile. The proposed line for the Great Pacific Railway runs from east to west, across the ridges of a level elevated line of land, whence the head waters of many rivers arise, and would therefore avoid the main trunks. The railroad to Galvest)n would run from north to south, on a gentle declivity betwixt the great undulations cf tee land, and would cross one or two large rivers only. Thirdly. The wheat is ripe on the first of May, and the cattle are fit for the New Orleans market in March, so that cattle,l wheat, and flour could reach the New Orleans market two or three months earlier than the produce of the Western Stites. From this fact alone Texas could control the New Orleans trade. Fourthly. Louisiana, and the Mississippi valley in general, do not raise grain and stock, and they are at present supplied with these articles from Ohio and the Western States. Texas being much nearer to these parts ought to supply them with these artistes, which she can raise in quantity andquality unsurpassed by any other State. No less a quantity of flour than 40,000 barrels had been conveyed up the Red River during that part f the season which had preceded our arrival there. PRODUCTIONS.—Cotton. The best cotton propuced in N. E. Texas grows in Cass, Harrison, and Bowie coun ties, and on the second bottoms of all the counties bor dering on Upper Red River. The cotton thus produced ranks in the New Orleans market as "Red River" cotton, and is a fine and long staple. In N. E. Texas the average yield is somewhat under one bale, or 500 lbs. per acre. In computing the quantity of cotton to be raised by each hand, it is Customary to include his other labour. Thus, on the Red River and the Mississippi, esch hand is expected to cultivate eight acres of cotton lands, and ten or twelve ecres t.f corn, besiees raising all vege tables required fir the family. Mr. Thomas Geldon, residing our miles from Shreeveport, once obtained twenty-one bales to the hand. INDIAN CORN.—The corn is of fine quality, and is produced in every county. The quantity per acre varies much with the nature of the soil, but far more with the amount of attention paid to its cultivation. The major part of the settlers emi grated to Texas without capital, and from countries where it was necessary to labour hard to procure food; when suddenly finding themselves surrounded by an abundant supply c f game and delicious wild fruit, and occupying land which will yield a good harvest almost without culture, they acquired lazy habits, and are con tent with the food which nature alone provides. In general, the yield varies from twenty-five to fifty bushels per acre; but it is universally acknowledged that more abundant crops would result from the employment of a proper quantity of labour. The supply is not by an y means equal to the demand, so that the price is far higher than in any other State in the Union. In no instance did we find it selling far less than 75 cents per bushel, and in Hopkins county the settlers demanded 11 dells., and even 2 dolls, per bushel. The leaves are pulled in August and September and used as fodder ; t h e which our horses pre ferred to any ether food. The settlers make them into bundles weighing 2lbs. or 31bs. each, and keep them in small stacks or in a loft. This is selling for the enor mous sum of two dollars per 1001bs., because the sett'ers have been too indolent to gather it in sufficient quantity. WHEAT.—This grain is not extensively cultivated on the sandy soils, since the crop is small, and the cotton planter prefers to give his attention to the one product exclusively. The wheat district is on the prairies of Hopkins county, where the soil is close, but more parti cularly on the hack limy toil of the prairies in Lamar, Fannie, Collins, Grayson, Cooke, and Dallas counties. Many millers reported that the average weight is 621b5., but we we e on many occasions informed by men of un douLted lerac'ty, that 701b5. and 721bs. to the bushel is not an uncommon weigh'. Judge Thomas sowed 19 quarts cf wheat, and obtained 25,1 bushels of 711 b. and 731 b. We were unable to promo fair samples cf wheat, since the stock cf old wheat was exhausted and the new had not been gathered. They sow ore bushel per acre, and with most imperfect cultivation it yields fleeen to thirty bushels. The una nimous opinion of the inhabitants of that part of Texas and of the neighbovring States, proves that this elevated prairie lend cannot be surpassed as a wheat district. OATS grow well in every county, but we saw but few crops, and those looked healthy, but not very fine. GRASSES.—The Wire grace, almost exclusively, grows upon the prairies of Hopkins county ; it is a narrow leaf growing three or four feet in height, and the world cannot show cattle in finer condition than those roaming uncared for over these splendid prairies. Cows of 600 lbs. weight and steers of 1,000 lbs. are met with everywhere. Steers of two years old universally weigh 450 to 650 lbs. No difference of opinion exists 3csa.inoituttinlnt among tet,grr 43 s tr atnnedtduh burn freni during s t c g t e :l hf e er thiss summerof b t e h i i n s , g m a nd a d the et hsb jo . best adjoining g stock-raising juiy, t counties,h e t u e n p d t e h r e o n h l d e t a s ru it i p r drying p r n a p s e s , n after whie w h h i t c h h e e sheep and cattle feed in the subsequent months. In the winter, the cattle retire to the river bottoms and seek the " hogwallow," plarres on the prairies where grass eortinu- s grri en and nutritious during those months. The Calumus grass alone, or mixed with tee wire, and weer natural grasses, covers the prairies t f the black soil, where vegetation grows with a luxuriance to which northern countries offers no parallel. These prairies extend for hundreds of miles, constituting a Goshen for the st Her. Vrees.--Several varieties are indigenous to the country, and two came under our notice. The one runs up the trunks and twines amongst the foliage, covering the tops of trees 100 feet high with grapes of great size and sweetness. We had no opportunity of tasting this variety. The other grows on small bushes, two feet in height, lying upon the ground, or supporting themselves by entwining their tendrils around tee branches of shrubs. Upon these little bushes we counted twenty er twenty-five bunches. It is believed that no country sur passes Texas in the growth of the grape. ToBACCO.—This production is not cultivated in N. E Texas as an article of exportation: for home consump don it -ells at Is. per lb. The Texan tobacco produces fine flavoured cigars and smoking tobacco; but the igno i auce of the farmers as to the mode of curing the lenf erevents them from converting it into manufactured to bacco. This feet is well known in the States, and I heard it mentioned by a planter of Tennessee, when travelling down the Mississippi. FLAX grows readily, but I did not see it growing. Wooa.—Sheep are as yet scarce in the country. The la-get flocks seen by us were on t e praries of Hopkins and Lamar counties. They are ( f tee lone-'egged Mexican bresd,emd in excellent condition. They are shorn twice a 3 ear, the fleece weighing about 3f lbs, and sells at Is. to Is. 6d. per lb. The prairies being elevated and dry and the grass excellent, this part of Texas is particularly adapted to sheep grazing. The rams are small and ill-bred. '1 he sheep are said to yeah twice a 3ear, but since the rams run with the flock at all times, it is nearer to the truth to say that there is scarcely a fixed yeanieg season. CATTLE.—In no state have we found finer cattle than in Texas. In the legions bordering on the Red River, and in the woodland in general, the breed is small; but on the prairies the cattle are exceedingly large, and al ways in prime condit:or. The Durham breed has been introduced, and I think the stock on the prairies of Texas is quite equal to the common stock of this coun try. Their steers are much superior te ours. Cows e-tially Lave a calf at two years old, and never pass a year without an additional one. HORSES.—The horses are of a superior quality, in every state through which we have travelled; much more so than the mass of horses in our country. Tho im proved breeds have been largely importel, and the horse being well fed and lightly worked, the breed continues to improve. Tbey are of good size and of light build, and by t:aining become very fast walkers. MULES are held in great esteem in all the southern States, being more patient, steady, and enduring in their labour than horses. Much care has been bestowed upon the improvement of this stock, and a fine race, 15f hands high are commonly employed. 1-'ics are very numerous, and find their food almost exclusively in the woods and river bottoms. Upon and near to the prairies, where food is more plentiful, the breed is bettor, bearing some resemblance to the Berk shire breed, which has been introduced amongst them. They are small and short-legged, and very fet, affording excellent pork and bacon to the settler, without his having expended one penny upon them. SALTED MEATS will be a profitable exportation when the internal communication of the country is im proved, and the supply of cattle exceeds the daily demand. HONEY AND WAX are collected in immense quanti ties, and are largely exported. We found virgin honey ~n every table. At every step we found trees cut for the purpose of finding honey. GAME, of every variety, is in countless numbers over the country. Deer, in herds, occupy every wood, and at (lawn if day and at nigl,t may bo seen browsing on the open prairie. Wild turkeys, weighing 301b5., frequently crossed our path. Ducks and geese are said to be innumerable. Partridges exist everywhere, and were constantly running in front of our horses. The prairie hen is very abundant, and is about the size of a common fml, but much more delicious. Dos grow luxuriantly. PEACHES are grown by every settler for the purpose of waking dried fruits, or fur feeding swine. lr Eng E li The several varieties of the Mulberry grow univar lETgAaßrdLeEnsi.—r Ve wg saw l u g ‘ ro i n exvuerriyant varietyly. known to the nd the settlers sa that the silkwor a a e el l l. the climate cf Texas resembles that of It m aly, thrives and it is possible that the silkworm may be reared to great edvanta - se. We saw the Castor Oil Plant and the Sarsaparilla Plant growing luxuriantly. The usual return from an acre of corn is 20 dells. One man and horse will cultivate thirty acres, besides attending to other duties; inducing a return of 600 dolls. per year for each band. MAREETS.-At the present time the market at the settler's door demands all the grain and fodder which Le can raise, as also all the cows and calves and well-broke steers. The fat cattle:in all parts of N. E. Texas are purchased by dealers and driven to Shreeveport, whence they are shipped to New Orleans. When grain shall be grown in quantity too large for home consumption, it will meet with a ready market on Red River and the adjoining lakes. Corn may be used for other purposes than that of food, as in the dis tillation of raw spirit, so extensively carried on in Illi nois and Ohio. WATER.—Three very distinguishable kinds of water are met with in N. E. Texas. Ist. The tasteless water derived from the sandy strata. It is common on all the sandy soil; is very excellent, and very abundant in springs and creeks on the woodlands, and in springs and wells on the prairies. 2d. The limestone water, which is found everywhere on the black soil. When the quantity of impregnated lime is very small, the water was not disagreeable to us; but, on other occasions, it had a flavour not agreeable to the unitiated. This taste is precisely like that of the eater in Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Wisconsin, Michigan, and all the Western States. Those who are accustomed to its use become very fond of it, and cannot be induced to drink the sandstone water, which is too insipid for their taste. The medical men and other settlers agree in the opinion that it is very healthful, and in no else promotes the attacks of disease. This water is abundant in springs and creeks, and from wells dug in the soft limestone of the northern counties. The settlers in Red River county prefer to cut cisterns in this soft limestone. These varieties of w ater are so deliciously soft that we never use soap in washing ourselves. Sulphur springs are met with in various parts of the country; a valuable one is situated on Colonel Reiley's land, on the spot where the town was proposed to be located. Salt springs.—There are several salt prairies in North- Eastern Texas , . One is situated in Van Zampt county, and is callei Jordan's Saline. The prairie is Of good size, and an abundance of strong brine is procured from wells dug twenty feet in depth. The works are small, producing 500 bushels of salt per month, which meet; with a ready sale. There is also a Saline on the Sabine which is said to be equally well supplied with salt. MINERALS.—CoaI.—This mineral is undoubtedly found in the western part of the State, where the Spaniards and Mexicans formerly worked numerous mines; but in N. E. Texas none has been sought for, so far as we have Limestone is very universally distributed over Texas and the Western States. LABOUR.— In Titus county, labour costi $l5 per month. „ Hopkins ~ „ $8 to 12 „ and is plentiful. „ Lamar „ $8 to 10 „ ditto. „ White Oak Settlement $l2 to 15 „ and is sca rce. A colony should import every kind of labour. Even farm labourers would be useful, since the American labourer is not accustomed to, and will not bear, tie vigilant eye of an English employer to be always upon him. Shepherds, who well understand their business, smiths, wheelwrights, carpenters, bricklayers, tanners, shoemakers, tailors, engineers, and practical chemists, may be taken there with advantage. MANUFACTURES. —Perhaps no country offers so many advantages to manufacturers as does Texas. There the great staple articles, cotton, wool, silk; and flax, grow in perfection; whilst the mechanic would be surrounded with the necessaries and comforts of life at a very small cost. Those who are acquainted with Texas believe that it will place itself in the first rank as a manufac turing as well as producing country. At present the length and breadth of the country is open to the manu facturer, and be would be welcomed with open arms by every settler. SECURITY.--lst. As it respects men. The most perfect security to lit, and property reigns throughout N. E. Teams far more perfect than can be found in the Eastern States, or in Europe,' or indeed in any well-peopled country. W e travelled alone by, day and night, and never receivedincivility or injury; and the only attempt to impose upon us was by ;one of our own countrymen. The inhabitants behaved very 1 "roily to us, and on se veral occasions would not he pt r - r our board and lodging. They are ex. 4) . -41 y. deitrbus to receive new settlers, knowing that tn, - esources of their country will thus become developed, and their own property in creased in value; and the] ef ore they are not likely to offer injury to those whom they desire to receive amongst them. They are too rich to render theft worthy of their attention. Unprotected loaded wag gons, which have broken down on the high road, have been known to remain unmolested for many days. They boast of their, admitted honesty in paying their debts, and in a legal regard for the rights and property of ethers. The law of Tel as forbids gambling, under a heavy penalty, to be stud for by presentment of the grand jury, a body which has far more power in the United State i than in our country. The Indians are not met with in Texas, except in the mountainous district of the north-west, and on the prairies to the west of :the cross timbers. The Chero kees, Choctaws, and Chicasaws occupy the Indian terri- tory, and a part of the state of Arkansas, all to the north of Texas. The Cherokees beast that they have never shed the blood of white men. Each of these nations has regularly* organiz•d courts of law, after the European fashion, with judges and counsellors of their own na tion. They have newspapers printed by and amongst themselves; and the gentle editor of The Lowell Offering is not ashamed to exchange her journal with them. Wolves formerly annoyed the settler by stealing his sheep, lambs, calves, and young hogs. We have tra velled under almost every variety of circumstances, and have never seen nor heard them. The rattle-snake and the mocassin-snake are found in marshy places remote from the path of man. I have seen but two rattle-snakes and not one mooassm. The one was in Texas, and lay dead on the road; the other was in a low place on the banks of the Mississippi, where the steam-beat took in wood. . Musquitoes are found in wet woodlands, and there Only. It is the duty of an alien resident of the Unit xl States, who wishes to become a cit'zer, to make the re quired declaration in a Court of Record; after which, he is entitled to the protection cf the State, and enjoys some cf the privileges of a citizen, and in five years he may demand letters of naturalization. Having become a citize-, he is eligible to every office in the State of Text', after conforming to the laws, as regards length of residence, &c. He must have been a citizen of the United States seven years before he is eligible as RL presen!ative its Congress; find nine years ► efore he can become a member of the United States' Senate. The only office in cAinexion with the United States' Go vernment to which he will ever remain intelligible is that of President - . _ . The basis of the law in TeXac, as in all the United States, is the old common law of England, which there remain i in full firce, unless altered by statute. Ttie sta tutes of Texas ate published in two volumes, which any settler may obtain. The forms of law are simplified copies of those of England. HEALTHFULNESS OF N. E. TEXAS.—The general healthiulness of a county depends upon a variety a circumstances, some Paving their origin in nataral causes, and others depending upon civilization. Both these classes exist at tl:is moment in N.E. Texas, but the firmer has a preponde;a'ing influence. The healthiness mainly rests upon the following matters :- Ist. The elevation of the country, or of parts of the country above the level of the sea, and of the bed o great rivers. 2d. The nature of the soil. 3d. The climate, as it respects temperature, rains and wind!. 4tb. The food and water. sth. The temperance and cleanliness of the people. 6th. The appearance of the country. Ist. The country intervening Leta ixt the stream is in variably high and undulating, above the line c f elevation of marshy miasmata, and naturally draining itself. 2d. The nature of the soil. Tbat kind cf soil will most tend to health which most readily promotes pereo latior, and therefore the sandy soil must occupy the foremost rank. This is found on nearly all the wood land of N. E. Texas, and also on the priaries of Hop kins and Kaufman counties, where the elevation cf the hills also promotes drainage, and the soil is washed from the ridges and deposited in the vallies. The hilly districts will thus be more healthful than the small Tallies. HEAT.—The accompanying list of temperature shows the degree of heat to which we were exposed, and which never exceeded 89 deg. in the shade. In Texas, any degree from 70 deg. to 85 deg. in the shade is felt to be agreeable, but when below 70 deg. a chilliness super venes, and when above 85 deg. the heat is oppressive. About three or four o'clock A.M. the thermometer sank to 60 deg. or 65 deg.; and consequently in the hottest weather it is pleasant to use a covering in bed. After three P.M. the long, delicious evening of a southern clime sets in, affording a degrt e of enjoyment which the inha bitants of a northern clime cannot comprehend. The sun is scarcely ever unclouded, and therefore it is most rare to obtain the fall influence cf the sun's says; a fact which most materially and delightfully benefits the settler. Thus the Texan enjoys all the luxury of an Italian clime, although he lives in more southerly la titudes. RAlNS. —These chiefly occur in the months of De cember, January, and February. At other periods of the year the rains are fn quent, and particularly those resulting from electrical conditions of the at mosphere. DEws.--We have travelled bc-fore sunrise and efter sunset, and have slept out of doors on the prairies, and I have not found the dews so heavy as in this country. From these various considerations, I deduce the opi nion that the climate of Texas is very favourable t, - ) the health of the inhabitants. It also shares with other southern climates, in always exciting an exuberance of spirits, being altogether free from the heaviness and darkness which characterise the suicidal days in this" country. THE APPEARANCE OF THE COUNTRY.—In N.E. Texas no barren rock, nor arid waste, nor offensive marsh exists; but the spirits and the mind are healthfully ex cited by the appearance of a country having, a beautifully undulating surface, agreeably diversified by woodland and prairie, and with an infinitude cf little rippling rills, breaking it up into hills and valleys. The surface is everywhere covered with the most luxuriant vegetation. The foliage of the trees and shrubs has a variety, beauty, and symmetry, unknown to less genial clime. Flowers of the richest hue, and suited to every taste, adorn the prairie; and even the unsightly river bottoms are rendered more detestable by the twining of the beautiful cactus, and other climbers, which farm the ornaments of European hot-houses. The birds flitting from tree to tree are very numerous, of elegant form and ( f Leautiful colours ; and many of them war ble toe. The ground, and the grass, and indeed every thing, swarm with insects of beautiful forms and colours unknown to us. The birds of prey, even, a; the goshawk and the forked-tail hawk, are lovely creatures. . I therefore think myself entitled to affirm that the elevation of N. E. Texas, the nature of its soil, the cli mate, the attainable food and water, and the appearance of the country all tend t 9 render Texas pre-eminently healthful. MORALITY.—In morality we believe them to rank very high. Nothing in any degree militating against this opinion was remarked by us, but we found them to be truthful, honest, hospitable, and friendly to a remark able extent; indee i they boast much of their honesty, and we heard it often remarked by tradesmen, that in no country are f4wer bad debts made than in Texas. DIRECTION TO EMIGRANTS. The following direc tions will be fund useful to emigrants. The clothing which they ought to take with them. The clothing suited to the climate and the circum stances of the emigrant, is a light material of strong tex ture, and of plain colours. The settlers of ordinary con dition wear strong home-made calico shirts, which are very durable; but the better classes, and those occupied in trade, wear long-cloth shirts, with fancy fronts. The emigrant should select a Scotch dowlas and long-cloth for shirts; linen drill, bleached or unbleached, and hol land for coat, waistcoat, and trousers. For a better suit he should have the same articles made of Brussels cord and lasting; and he will do well to take some well dyed black cloth coats, since good woollen cloths are dear in the States. He will not require over-coats, except those made of the gutts percha cloth, which are best procured in America. A few Scotch plaids and horse rugs would be very convenient. HOPKIN'S COUNTY.—Colonel Reily is the only person who holds more than a few leagues a land in N.E. Texas. Wo passed over his lands, and found them to be equal to any lands in the county. The prairies are beautiful, and excellently adapted for stock-raising, and 1 1 I have not seen a more lovely spot than his White Oak prairie. The woodland is said to be not of the finest quality. The whole country is healthful, and well adapted for many settlements. CO URT CIRC ULAR. WINDSOR, SATURDAY. The Queen walked this morning in the Slopes and Windsor Park. The Royal Family took walking exercise in the grounds adjacent to the Castle. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out shooting this morning, attended by Colonel Hon. R. Boyle, Lord Charles Fitzroy, Colonel F. H. Sey mour, and General Bowles. The Earl of Carlisle arrived at the Castle to-day on a visit to the Queen and the Prince. The royal dinner party this evening included the Earl of Carlisle, Lady Emily Seymour, Lady Fanny Howard, and Colonel the Hon... Charles and Mrs. Grey. SUNDAY. The Queen and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, her Royal Highness the Princess Royal, the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, and the domestic household, attended Divine service this morning in the private chapel. The Hon. and Rev. G. Wellesley officiated. The Duke of Cambridge visited the Ducht as of Gloucester on Saturday. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge visited the Royal Duchess yesterday at Gloucester House. A Sub-Committee of the Commission for the Exhi bition of 1851, consisting of Earl Granville, Mr. Jones Loyd, and Mr. T. F. Gibson, met at the Board of Trade on Saturday. The members of the Execu tive Committee were summoned to confer with the Sub-Committee. A deputation, consisting of Mr. Colvile, Mr. Hib bert, Mr. T. Hankey, Mr. C. Marryatt, Mr. Naghten, and Mr. A. M'Gregor, had an interview with Vis count Palmerston, at the Foreign-office, on Friday, on the subject of the blockade of the coast of Africa. A Committee of the Lords of her Majesty's Privy Council for Trade and Foreign Plantations bad a meeting at the Board of Trade on Saturday. There were present the Right Hoc. 11. Laboucherg tr ar l Grey, Lord Campbell, Earl Granville, a n d Ed ward Ryan. Marquis Council), h as ( f L or or a d f P ul r l e d s r id es e s nt di o n f n t e h r e , invitations n at Lansdowne House, on the 30th inst., to the mover 1: iss ued ° f Lansd and seconder of the Address in the House of Lords, and a party of Peers. Dispatches for tbe Governors of Malta, Ceylon, and H on g-Kong, were sent off on Saturday evening from the Colonial-office. Dispatches were also sent off for the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. CLERICAL PREFERMENTS. — The Lord Chatcellor has presented the Rev. Francis Kirkpatrick to the vie' r age of West Hoathley, Sussex. His Lordship has al: o presented the Rev. Stair Douglas to the rectory c f Flab bourne, Sussex, and the Rev. John Gibson to the view age of Dacre. THE QUARTERLIES THE WESTMINSTER REVIEW. No. CIII Conspicuous, both by its position and its ability among all the contributions to the current number of the Westminster is the article dedicated to the subject of " Epidemics." All who are solicitous as to the possible return of the cholera with the next summer, or who are interested in the advancement of sanitary improvement, will derive much satisfactory intellt• genre from this able and laborious article. We com mend its perusal to all readers, however, without dis tinction. Another paper, which appeals to the sympathies of every individual capable of reflection is the one on " Religious Faith and Modern Scepticism" — a subject evidently suggested to the reviewer by the remarkable dissertation on"" Reason and Faith " published three months ago in the pages of the Edinburgh, from the pen of Henry Rogers. Among the most prominent criticisms in the present instalment of the Westminster is the one devoted jointly to the consideration of the merits of the two last productions of Currer Bell and Bulwer Lytton, the " Caxtons" and " Shirley.' Every lady in the land will be interested to read a right excellent essay, the second in the number, en titled " Woman's Mission," in which the duties and responsibilities of the sex are ingeniously and ten derly discussed. Few of the active members of this mercantile and speculative community will feel indif ferent to the remorks of an eminent periodical like the Westminster upon the law of bankruptcy —re marks evidently written by one intimately versed in his subject. The article on " Railway Progress," again, is one such as must command the attention of the majority ; and its rapid and comprehensive retro spect will be found of no inconsiderable value. A clever synopsis of the doings of the Parliamentary Ses4on of 1849 is brought to a close by a more de tailed reference to the " Metropolitan Commissioners of Sewers." Besides a contribution relating to the " African Coast Blockade," there is an Obituary notice of Ebenezer Elliott, from which we have a melancholy satisfaction in transcribing the sub joined:— _ " Ile was a man that all men should have seen, should have known, and they would have been sorry to have missed the pleasure, had the gods been willing, of shaking hands with so great-hearted and simple a being. There was virtue in such grasp. There was the know ledge conveyed to the Solitary, unknown and unloved, that the earth was not all a desert, but that truth, justice, and beauty were loved far beyond their aspirations. They left him humble, strong, hopeful, aye rejoicing, for the deep sweet hungering for fellow sympathy had been met. And how gladly would they play the sceptic now, would they refuse belief in his departure from amongst us. How difficult is it to conceive that a hearth, but lately so rich and hallowed, is now desolate; and how impossible to say one word that shall be indeed comfort to any who knew and loved him. In the heavy sorrow of its love, the heart stops— . Words weaker than your grief would make Grief more. 'Twere better I should cease----."' Besides a batch of reviews on Foreign Literature, there are the usual number of notices, critical and miscellaneous. THE SMYRNA STEAM FLOUR MILLS AT GREEN W ICH. On Saturday afternoon, by the courtesy of the Messrs. Joyce, the eminent engineers and iron founders at Greenwich, we were favoured with a private view of two magnificent steam-engines, con structed by them, and now about to be sent out to Turkey, to be employed in the grinding of flour at Smyrna, under the auspices of a company of enter prising Englishmen, the Sultan of Turkey being also a shareholder. The general reader is doubtless aware that Turkey is eminently a corn-growing country, growing not only sufficient grain for the use of its own population, but exporting large quantities to the countries of Western Europe. It may not, however, be so generally known that there is this anomalous state of things in the East, that whilst Turkey grows her own corn and exports it to other countries, she has hitherto been driven to a great extent to import the flour necessary for the subsistence of her people, which she does chiefly from America. IVindthills have been in use in the country for some time, but these afford so inadequate and precarious a supply of flonr, that the people have been principally dependent upon other countries for the necessary quantity. The English company, now about to sale from our shores; to which reference has been made, have it in view to remedy this national inconvenience by introducing steam-flower- mills into Turkey, so that henceforward the Turks will be able to grind their own flour in stead of being dependent upon foreign countries for it, and America in particular will thus lose one of her best customers. The engines which Messrs. Joyce have constructed for the purposes of this enterprise deserve a passing notice and eulogium. Anything more beautifully simple in design, elegant in con struction, or effective in.operation, we have seldom witnessed. The engines in question are constructed on the principle first discovered by Mr. Arthur Woolf, by which steam of considerable pressure was first made to act upon a comparatively small piston, and subsequently allowed to expand into a larger cylinder, where, having done its duty at a reduced pressure, it was exhausted into the condenser and added to the effective force by vacuum. A manifest improvement on this principle has been invented by Messrs. Joyce, and made the subject of a patent. They have succeeded in giving a direct action to what Woolf and his followers gave indirectly, by which, amongst other beneficial results, the consumption of fuel is less than 31bs. per horse power per hour, it being about 121bs. under the old system. These results have been mainly achieved by the introduction of a system of inverted and oscillating cylinders, which cause the force of the piston rods to act directly upon the crank-pin, without the interposition of any in termediate machinery, so that the friction of the whole engine is reduced to its minimum, while its simplicity proportionably reduces the chances of accident. The improved engines of Messrs. Joyce are well calculated to introduce economy and safety into our manufac turing operations, and reflect the highest credit upon their mechanical skill. Mehemet Effendi, the Turk ish Ambassador, would have been present at the ex hibition of the engines on Saturday, but by a mistake the letter of invitation was addressed to Prince Celli =chi, whom he has just succeeded in the Embassy. THE WEATHER.—The frost, which set in above a fortnight ago, has continued ever since with almost unremitted intensity. The thermometer at nine in the morning, even in a sheltered situation in town, has ranged from 20 to 30 degrees ; all the ponds and other sheets of water in the neighbourhood have been hard frozen ; and skaters and curlers have been everywhere enjoying their respective sports to the utmost. On Monday morning there was a considerable fill of snow, also occasional showers throughout the day, while on Monday Right it came oa more heavily, and on Tuesday morning the streets were everywhere covered to the depth of several inches. This coating has remained on them, and its original whiteness has been occasionally renewed by other showers. Last night, however, the keenness of the frost had somewhat I abated, and there seemed to be a slight tendency to a thaw.—Scotsman of Saturday. EXHUMATION OF THE REMAINS OF ONE OF THE JUDGES OF CHARLES I.—lt is well known that three of the persons who presided at the trial of King Charles 1., and signed the warrant for the execu tion of the unfortur ate monarch, successfully avoided the hot pursuit of the Royalists after the Res toration, by flying to New at En isi g e l w an h d a , ven, wheirne Con necticut, they sought and found an ay then a small town, which had been founded but 50 years. Their names were Edward Whalley, William Gotfe, and John Dixwell ; the former had held the rank of Major-General, and the last named of Colonel in Cromwell's army. These men, though branded in the mother country as the murderers of a martyr King, were regarded by the New Englanders as patriots who had nobly performed a most painful and stern but necessary duty; and the most respectable inhabitants of Newhaven vied with each other in offering protection and concealment to the fugitives. A de e p recess in the rocks crowning the hill behind the new, extensive, and beautiful city of Newhaven—the Oxford of the United States —is still known as the " Judges' Cave;" having, according to local tradition, served as the hiding-place of the outcasts, when the emissaries from England came in search of them. The throe exiled judges died a natural death in America. Col. Dixwell, under the assumed name of Davis, lived many years in Newhaven unsuspected, real name and condition were known but t to ew ; in a contented retirement, esteemed by many, though his ilisdescendants, atßoston of his Novembermalory a wealthy and highly- respectable f am i l y he died in 1688, at the age of 82. are erecting a exiled Judge, after 160 4th to in that city ; and h a n was opened under their the fine o m n on t u h m e en 2 t 9 found tolerably entire, though it had been years,l ewdaosnly in a common oak co ffi n. " Thus," our Ame erinccanoscorrespondent observes, " the ashes of the hunted directgioranveancrtbeNsekweleivOen of the. patric t were removed with the unfeigned sympathy an d respect of our people, and will be deposited in their final resting-place at Boston, beneath a monument recording the public virtues and unflinching patriotism of the man who in old England will be execrated as a repel 'd e.— Literary Gazette. At Prince's-place, Inverness, died on the Bth inst., aged 34, James M'Cosb, Esq., proprietor and ed;tor of the Inverness Advertiser. Mr. M'Cosh was a native of Dundee, and for six years conducted the North ern Warder newspaper in that town. Ile was afterwards connected with the management of Lowe's Magazine —s monthly periodical carried on for a short time in Edin burgh. He removed to Inverness and established the Advertiser in June, 1849. From his generally delicate state of health, Mr. M'Cosh was but little p ersona ll y known here; but he was an indepe ndent , conscienti ous journalist, of decidedly Liberal views and unflagging zeal. During the illness cf the deceseel, the Adve r ti ser was conducted by Mr. Mulock—a friend no less able than devoted and disinterested.—lnverness Courier. FIRE IN ST. JAMES'S.—Yesterday afternoon, shortly after one o'clock, a fire.broke ont in th e p rem i ses of Mr. T. Grant, a furniture dealer, No. 36, Princess street, St. James's. The flames were confined to the destruction of the lower part of . the building. The origin of the fire could not be ascertauzed.