The Sun. — London, England, 1868-06-17 00:00:00

ErilllT OP THE PUBLIO JOURNAL& Commenting on the further despatches from Abyssinia, the Times .declares that the capture of Magdala was the ictory of science over untraine*And,uninstructed valouP. I'hc Abyssinians were, in natural gifts of courage and strength, no contemptible foes. But they did not possess the arms of precision and power which multiply indefi nitely the fighting force of an army, and they were equally deficient in the lessons of discipline which enable a general to make the most of the materials under his com mand. There has been a dramatic completeness, the Times contilires, about the Abyssinian Expedition which must loug, make it a favourite episode of history. We entered upon it with reluctance, and now that it has been attended with perfect success we may remember with satisfaction our profound disinclination to undertake it. We could not avoid the obligation, and we have discharged it. If the single idea of the duty we owed to our fellow-citizens and the emissaries cf the Crown impelled us to the expedi tion, some equally irresistible force seems to have driven Theo ;ore to his destruction. It was the old conflict, so often renewed, and always with the same result, between civilisation and barbarism, the nice adaptation of means to en Is and the aimless and profuse expenditure of untu tored strength. Theodore was a representative of the East in all its passion, its abrupt intensity, its igno rance of mechanical advantages. Sir Robert Napier— methodical from beginning to end, preparing with deli beration for all the possible chances of the campaign, yet at the fitting moment rejecting every appliance which could impede the fighting efliciency of his army, massing his men in due proportion at each point, yet so that they should be brought together'when each - had done its part in the preparation for the general encounter, never unready, never impulsive, arranging beforehand every suc cessive step, but quick to seize any opportunity of swift action, or to remedy the mischance of any broken link in the chain of events represented the perfection of Western discipline and science. It was in per feet consistency with the contrast thus presented— it may almost be said that it was an inevitable development of the drama played out in Abyssinia—that Theodore flung aside all the advantages" the natural position of his stronghold gave him, and risked and lost his fortune in an open fight. We cannot boast of the retnlt. It could not have been otherwise. Put civilisa tion face to face with barbarism, training in front of law lessness, order against capricious tyranny, and there can be but one sequel. But the issue may enforce anew the lesson that, since the crushing of a barbaric Power is thus inevitable, we ought to be careful above all things lest our dealings with any such should compel us again to engage in a contest in which our antagonist must so c:rtainly be crushed that we have not even an unmixed satisfaction in victory. What will the Lords do, anxiously asks the Post, as regards the questions which arc to be solved by an appeal to the constituencies? Will they decide, as they may, to postpone the consideration of the Suspensory Bill for six months? It is not a very momentous matter. Six months hence such a measure will not be required. Within that space of time a bill proposing to give effect definitively to Mr. Gladstone's resolutions will probably be presented to the Lords. Now, therefore, it is for them to ponder what they will do if the verdict of the country is recorded against the Irish Church Establishment. Will they shape their course in accordance with the opinion which may be expressed in the forthcoming election ? The new House of Commons may not pass a bill subjecting the nation to " the tyranny of railway directors ;" but what if, not withstanding its " breadth of basis," it should be no more attached than its predecessor to " the great principle of Protestantism ?" It is not an answer to declare, however emphatically, that it would be utter folly for the pCers to surrender their functions with the contingency in view. No one is dreaming of a surrender of the functions of the House of Lords. . But, then, it is a:•ged that the House will hereafter have duties to perform of greater im portance than ever. The constitutional check is likely to be more necessary. Does it become the Government— or the supporters et the Government-- to talk in this sense? Who, by their own showing, is responsible for the " breadth of basis?" Who educated Parliament to legis late upon expectations which it is at length admitted may not be realised? The logic of politics permits not of eqnivo- cation. It is not in the moral competence of a Govern ment to play fast and loose with its professions. The constituencies have been enlarged, and the rights of voting extended, not to strengthen " the great principle of Protestantism," but in order to re frame the constitution by enfranchising ra 4 epaying house holders, lowering the suffrage, and changing the principle of parliamentary representation. The " breadth of basis" has been secured, if at all, as it always must be, at the expense of the branch of the Legislature which inter roses hetween the Crown and the representatives of the people. Practically, the power of the House of Lords will beless next year than it was thirty-six years ago. What ;1:e peers may compass in the immediate future, must consist in the prevention of hart}, uninstructed legislation. They must bend their will to the will of the people, but they may insist in point of duty that the country be fairly comultcd. The iieraid believes that General Grant will be the ve , :t Pre,i,lent of the United States. The General is likely to be guided by hits iwn sense of duty .rather than by the dietat:on of his party, and will be strong enough, proba• bly, rather to rule than to be ruled by them. Ile will not owe his 10. ace to them, but they their victory to him. And it is hardly likely that they will again have that over• whelming majority in ConLress which has enabled them to overbear President Johnson ; or that if they had, they would dare to use it against a man who would nevcr lay himself open to attack by imprudent speeches, who knows when to hold his tongue, and who would be likely, if forced at last into open collision, to have the people on his side. General Grant will be more powerful than his predecessor ; and will probably restore to the ex , cutive all the prestige, ascendancy, and authority of which it has been robbed during the - incumbency of Mr. Johnson. He will, the Herald trusts, be equally disposed to use his power for the protection of the gallant and un happy people for whose subjection he, above all men, is responsible ; and for his own credit, as well as from the natural generosity of a soldier, he will be desirous to sig. nalise his term of office by the restoration of confidence, security, and liberty of the unfortunate Mates of the South. The Daily ;Vacs says Mr. Longfellow's presence in Eng. land is an event which deserves far more than the passing notice which has been given it. As the roost popular.re• presentative of American literature, his visit affords another opportunity for the exercise of that internationa courtesy and hospitality by which the literary relations of the two countries have hitherto been harmonised The splendid reception given to Mr. Dickens during his late visit t 3 the United States has itself laid the literature of England under an obligation of hospitality which we should not be slow to recogniso and discharge, even had we no higher motive in endeavour in g to reciprocate the friendship of a kindred nation. But Buell hospitalities forcibly remind us of our kinship. Just as Mr. Dickens was recognieed by the Americans as belonging to them, so Mr. Longfellow is claimed by us as one of the great writers of our common English tongue. lie represents among ns something more even iliac American literature, for he represents that community . (.4 faith and feeling, o f t ra diti on an d of language, wind makes it impossible that the literature of the one country elionld ever be foreign to the other. That " the dead-leek continues " is now, the Standard esotes, a st ereo typ e d it em i n every telegram from Victoria. The appetite for that energetic young colony for dead leeks is apparently insatiable. The dead-lock has now continued for some Revco or eight montha without inter. mission, and the crisis of which the "dead-lock" is simply the climax has virtually endured for about three years. • During all this time there has prevailed a kind of provisional government in Victoria, upon whit; the coining and going of governors seem to have prodneet bo sort of effect. The very thin rein with which we pro fess to I :eep the Anstralian colonies seems in the case of Vie . .oria to have been utterly powerless to c h ee k or to e.ontrol the actienvf the local democracy. There is al present no visibl e slgn, indeed, of any connection between the British empire awl the colony of Victoria ; and for all the honou r or a d vantage which either we or they derive from the union the " painter" might have been In p cut three year s ago . T he action of the erial Govern , urnt is altogether imperceptible in the working of the teeonial system. The communications between the Colonial Ofilee and the Governor in Melbourne are indeed reeztdarly - maintained, but apparently they serve only to end/Ater the lea] controversy. We h ave d one everything on our side which advice and remonetran ce can do ; but bath advice. and remonstran ce are t h rown away upon the majoritywho presently direct the affairs of Victoria. Th e y are in possession of the power, and n, dth l e a y w. see T i i i i c e Teason why they should not uee it—l aw o situation remains unchanged, and the crises continues alwn s. The majority of the Assembly hav e reso l ved, y not only that Sir Charles Darling shall have hi s money, bet that he shall have it in a manner most offensive to the Lnperial authorities and most injurious to the Upper I louse. Anil they have made up their minds that nc (government shell be permitted to exist, except the Coverri (i nicet ef Mr. - afacculloch, which began the contest, and which is henna to continue it. I'der/rapie deems the experiments at Shoeburynem I:hely to yield an amount of advanta , re to the public which we Lttle dared to antiei , iati, if the official Programme, which was in th e hands of the Commander in Chief, of John Paliinjon, and of their many distinguished comprudons, as they proceeded in a special train yesterday um :oiling to Sontlif;ml, had been carried into effect without tt:terati.in, many busy official pens would have this mornin,.; proclaimed to the world that the Plymouth ltreak water Fort Target was unmatched for strength. out do:ng all tats many predecessors which have already received their quietus upon that fatal rehearsal. The Telegraph noticsWith regret that no salvt Will 1; red sinitiltaneothiry from the five guns in petition oX the gruunfl. Wfidt would have been the effect of such 0 salvo upon the - Plmouth target, damaged as it was by th e impact of the ei g ht s h o t s w hi c h i t had already received from the Rodman and 12-inch gnn, it needs no prophet to tell We have no hesitation in saying that to-day's trial will at once put an end to the waste of any further money upon the Plymouth Tort, upon Fort Cunningham, at Bermuda, and upon iron fortifications in general. The rash empiri , cisin of the hitherto trusted advisers upom whom Sir John Faking has leaned, has now been openly nianifestcd the Public. tt LAW AND ACTION AGAINST A RAILWAY COMPANY.—In the Court of Common Pleas an .action was brought against the South Eastern Railway Company by a domestic servant named Connor, for injuries received by her in a collision on the defendants' line. It seemed that the clay was ex tremely foggy, and whilst the train that the plaintiff was in stopped at Cannon•street station another train ran into it. The plaintiff received injuries to her leg, and was attended by a doctor for a month. The jury awarded £25 damages. ACTION FOIL INJUUIES SIISTAINED.—In the Court of Exchequer :Major-General Downing brought an action against Messrs. Mowlem ,Burt,and Frecman,the well-known contractors, for injuries sustained by bim in consequence of their negligence. On the 2nd October last the general was crossing the road in Hyde Park, near Victoria-gate, on the Baywater side, when something caught his foot and threw him down with great violence. On getting up he found it was a cord which some parlors had put down to g-nide them in laying straight certain kerb-stones between the carriage way and a grass plat. The negligence com plained of was in not taking precautions to warn the public of the danger of passing in the direction of the cord. ft appeared the-A the contract for executing the works where the accident occurred was made 11 the defendants with her Majesty's Commissioners of Works, but that they bad sub-let the work to a man named Burdett, who em ployed men on his own account to do it, and paid them himsel For the defence it was contended that the road in question was not a public highway, and that the workmen had a perfect right to put down a cord to keep the kerb straight. The jury found for the plaintiff ; damages, one farthing. How AERATED WINES ARE MADE.--In the Bail Court the case of Cox v. Barnett 1173.4 heard. It was an action to recover damages for improperly making a machine for aerating wines. It appeared that the defendant was a manufacturer of the machines in question, and the plaintiff bought one for making champagne and other aerated wines. The defendant in his circular said : " Many light wines when made gaseous are equal to champagne. The mixtures fOr artificial champagne are quit& as palatable as the real wine, and much cheaper. The difference can hardly be detected, but those made from mixtures will not keep morn than six month's, while the light wines aerated are equal to and will keep as long as champagne of the highest brand." A machine capable of making 100 dozen quart bottles was bought by the plaintiff for £135. For the purpose of making the plaintiff seems to have purchased three l'opneads of Hungarian light wines, which he mixed with a syrup . formed of port, sherry, Madeira, and fine light sugar, and the mixture was then passed through the machine, which in many respects was similar to the common soda-water machines, and the result was expected to be Sillery and other descrip tions of champagne. The plaintiff, however, having got his machine and paid his money, did not get his champagne. " The wine " (?), although to 113 C the phrase of a witness, "it came forth from the machine to an experienced eye clear, in an hour or two became cloudy and milky," and this cloudiness increased with age. After repeated complaints it was discovered that there were bits of solder in the cylinder of the machine. Persons who drank the " champagne " complained of blistered mouths and lips, and on an analysis by Dr. Matheson, of St. Mary's Hospital, it was discovered to contain lead. £75 had been paid into court, and the jury awarded 2.3.5 in additiOn to it. DAMAGES FOR FALSE IMPRISONMENT.—In the Exchequer Court the case of Stebbings v. the Great Eastern Railway Company was decided. This was an action for false imprisonment. The plaintiff is a gentleman well known in sporting circles, and was charged by the defendants' servants with travelling in a first class carriage, having paid for a second-class ticket. Upon inquiry, the defen dants found they had been mistaken, and submitted to a verdict in favour of Mr. Stebbins, with £3O damages. MADAME RACHEL AND HER DEFENCE. —At Marlborough street Police-court, Mr. Edward Lewis replied to the statement made by Madame Rachel on Monday relative to the mode in which her Lusiness bad been conducted while the case was in his hands. Mr. Froggatt also ex plained how he had become connected with the case, and denied that Mr. Harper, his clerk, had called on Madame Rachel and offered his services to her. His client had employed him before, and on this occasion she came to him spontaneously. Mr. Breton, of the firm of Messrs. E. Lewis and Co., then referred to a statement that Mr. Russell, his clerk, had gone to Madame Rachel, told her there was a warrant out against her, and said that if she would give him £2OO he would settle the business for her. STABBING A ItusuAND.—At Westminster Police-court, Elizabeth Nortio was charged u ith the above named offence. The prosecutor was met by a policeman bleeding fearfuily, and on being interrogated he said that his wife had done it. The prisoner simply said, that it would let a little of his mad b:cod out. " I did not stab him till he tried to cut my throat." The constable said there was one wound upon the hand, one on the arm, and cne in the chest. In answer to Mr. Arnold, the prieoncr made a statement, but it was to the same effect as that given to the constable. She was remanded for a week ; bail, however, was taken. AN InlrH BREACH OF PEOIIIa CASE.—In the Dublin Court of Exchequer, the case of Dowden v. Kehoe has been decided. It was an action for a breach of pri,mise of marriage. Damages were laid at £5OO. The parties re side in the county of Wicklow. The defendant is a farmer. lie pleaded a traverse of the promise, and also that he was mad. He had since married. Mr. Dowse, Q.C., stated the plai ntiffle case. Peter Walsh stated that the plain tiff, one evening returning from a fair, said he intended to marry the girl, and asked the witness would her uncle give her any money. Anne ICehoe said she knew the plaintiff and defendant. She asked the defendant when he intended to give them a spree, and he said he intended to marry Miss Dowden. Was present when defendant said that. Ire since married another girl named Doyle. The uncle of the plaintiff, in cross-examination, admitted that the defendant had been in a lunatic asylum. The judge held that, according to the evidence, there had been no promise to many, and the jury returned a verdict to that effect. TILE MURDER AND ATTEMPTED SUICIDE AT SALFor.l).—On Tuesday, at the Salford Police-court, Thomas Donoghue was charged with the wilful murder of his wife, on the 20th ult. The facts of the case were given at some length at the time of the inquest, when the prisoner was committed for trial. The deceased, who had left her husband several times previously, was iu bed when her husband, after having previously partaken freely of whisky, dragged her out of bed and inflicted fatal stabs on her chest ; after which he attempted self-destruction. The prisoner, who coutipssel the crime, was commited for trial by the magistrates. ►SINGULAR OCCURRENCE.— On Thursday week, as some men were fishing off Hartlepool, they discovered some thing floating in the sea. The boat was pulled towards the object, and it was found to be a horse with a light sprirq: cart attached. The animal was alive, but died shortly aftefwards. The most astonishing circumstance is that on the previous clay the animal had gone into the ser at a place called Seaton Snook, where its owner had left it for a short time while he gathered a few cockles. It had thus swam for about ten hours, and was seen ten miles from where it took the water. The horse belonget: to a fish-curer, named Jacob Cox, residing at lArest, ITa-tlepool, who is a poor man, and gains his livelihood by means of his horse and cart.— Yo;* Herald. NOVEL ACCIDENT.—AII extraordinary accident ; happily unattended with more serious consequences than the destruction of a few tuns of spirits and the demolition o' one of the handsomest shop-fronts in the south of London. has occurred at Findlater's-corner, London Bridge. A single horse van, heavily laden with bales of wool,having Slipped th, wheel skid on the Borough incline, the horse lost all power over its load, and was forced violently down the hill, across the footway, through the shop-front of 3.ressrs. Findlater, Mackie, and Todd's wine and epirit stores, where the startled clerks had only just time to escape the destruc tion occasioned by the unexpected intruder, whose antic:- before he could be removed added considerably to the damage done in the first instance by the accident. GREAT LION AND ELEPHANT FIGHT. -7-Early On Sunday morning, -the 11th instant, between the hours of one and two a.m., the inhabitants of Islington, in the vicinity of the Agricultural ITall, were thrown into a state of alarm by terrific roar:ngs, proceeding from the part of the hall in which the menagerie of Mr. Rice . is situated. A large crowd assembled outside the building, but din ' , used in terror on learniiv, what proved to be a fact, that some of the animals had broken loose, and were engaged in deadly combat. The facts of the case, as subsequently a.certained, were, that the female elephant, Em press, broke loose from her chain and attacked a cage in which were four lions of consie7erable size. The lions returned the attack with energy, the noise of their roaring arousing the rage or terror of the other beasts. On the arrival of Mr. Rice with the keepers the combatants were with difficulty separated, not until one a the attendants received a severe scalp wound from one of, the infuriated lions, from which, however, no danger is apprehended. When tran pillity was at length restored it was found that the elephant was suffering from a large wound in the'forehead, Ind that the cage containing tk 99144491:gb1 110-411g47;144419/4000 THE SUN, LONDO\T, WEDNESDAY EVENING, JUNE 11, 1868. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT HOUSE OF LORDS—LAST EVENING. The Loan CHANCELLOR, took his seat on the woolsack at five o'clock. PETITION. Earl STANHOPE prosentod a petition rolarve to the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill. POOR RELIEF BILL. On this bill being committed, Lord PORTMAN moved that certain clauses inserted by Lord Carnarvon be struck out; and Lord Devon agreed with him that the bill was better as it originally stood. The Earl of CARNARVON sail that ho had added these clauses because h 3 considered that the Court of Quarter Sessions ought to have the control of certain por tions-of the asylums to which the local rates were devoted. The Marquis of BATH disagreed with his noble frierd, and should support the amendment of the noble lord opposite. The Earl of STRADBROKE nvtdo a few remarks in favour of the clauses. Tho Earl of SHAFTESBURY said that it was well known that the general opinion was that all lunatics should be under the superinten lence of the magistracy. After some further discussion, the clauses were nega tive d by 61 to 26. Several private bills wore advanced a stage, and their lordships adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS—Lim' EVENING. The SPEAKER took the chair at two o'clock. PUBLIC SCHOOLS BILL. On the motion for going into corn nittee on this bill, Mr. NEA.TE moved that the bill be referred back to a select committee. He contended that, by the bill now be fore the house, the property of the old schools at Win chester, Eton, Harrow, Rugby, and other places, was to be transferred to the new governing. body set forth in the measure, which might be made quite independent of the present masters and fellows of the schools at the places he had mentioned. He did not desire that undue rever ence should b 3 paid to old things, yet the summary way in which the property of the schools and colleges was diverted from its original purposes was a proceeding that could not but receive the strongest opposition in the different schools. It was no trifling matter that could be dealt with if the bill passed, as it amounted to upwards of £BO,OOO per annum, and the sum being so large he strenuously objected to go into committee, and therefore ha proposed that the bill should go through a searching inquiry, that it should be referred back in order that clauses might be inserted in it giving power to the now governing bodies and commissioners to be appointed by the bill to deal with the constitution and revenues of Eton and Winchester College. , . Mr. ,MOWBRAY defended the bill, and said he be lieved that most of the schools ware anxious for legisla tion, and under such circumstances ho hoped the house would not agree to the recommendation of the hon. mem ber fcr Oxford. The hon. gentleman had urged matters that ought to have been considered four years ago, and after the'exertions that had been necessary to advance the bill to the present stage he hoped the house would refuse to agree to take the course proposed by the hon. member for Oxford city. Mr. NEWISEGATE objected b the bill, but ho did so on different grounds to the hon. gentleman opposite. He dissented from the provisions of the bill, because excep tions were maao in favour of one school in preference to another. Mr. AYRTON said the present arrangement of th 3 public schools was altogether a fashionable one, and the sooner it was more usdal to the public in gmoral the better. Mr. GOSOJIEN was vary anxious to go into committee on the bill. Mr. LOWE said it was useless and impossible to endea vour to educate the general public by this method. Ho thought it was absolutely necessary that the head mister should be made to feel the necessity of doing all that was in his power for the commercial success of his school, irrespective of endowments ; if not, the effect of :in appointment, without reference to that important prospect, one made merely to look after the endowments would result in very bad effects. He thought it abso lutely necessary that there should be a strict examination in these establishments every year, but he contended that it was worse than useless to endeavour to carry out the public schools solely with a view to endowments. (Hoar, hear.) They must adopt a free trade system in their public schools, and without they did so they would never succeed in making them what they were intended. Sir S. NORTIIOOTE said he was exceedingly anx i ous to get into committee. The great object of the bill was to improve and not revolutionize the education given 'n our public schoels, and therefore he hoped no 111.1110C3S i.sry difficulty would be raised in the way of progress. Mr. FORSTER thought a groat want now was a first olass establishment where a parson could give his son a liberal education for less than £2,000. He hoped to see 'ho day when it would bo no rarefy to see the clever sons ,1 poor parents so rise up through examination, so that, with certain improvements to be introducA, they might '►e enabled to secure for themselves a high class education. Mr. WALPOLE thought the present discussion might *ell terminate, as he had consulted th, best authorities, old ho could positively s y that the bill at present gave the fullest power to the governing body, in conjunction , vith the commissioaers, of sc arranging all the property .1 the different public sch:.)ols as to secure their being de voted to the best purposes. After some further di3cussion, in which Mr. D. Griffiths, \lr. ACland, and Mr. M.trsh took part, Mr. Neate with leew motion, and the house want into committee; Mr. Dodson in the chair.. On clause 1 a sharp diadussion aroso as to tho title of the bill, Mr. ACLAND contending that there wdro other schools quite as much entitled to bo considered " public" chools as those dealt with in the bill. He moved the omission of the word "public" from tho clause under con sideration. The amendment was negatived. Mr. AYEITON wishe t to know why St. Paul's school in the City of London was ex eepted from the operations of the bill. It was at present ua ler the direction of the "Mercers' Company," but what that woe he defied any person in Parliament to fiai out. He hal dons his utrtfost to obtain some information on the subject, but he had been invariably told, when he appliea at the " Mercers' Hall," that they male it a fundam.stntal principle never to give any information about the governing body. This comfortable and, no doubt cosy city company had .a sum of nearly .£1.0,000 per annum to administer as the income of St. Paul's School, and the number of scholars -they undertook to educate was 153, who swallowed the whole of the £),609. (Hear, hear.) The property from which this revenue arose was situated in the Tower Hamlets, and it so happened that there was a very poor charity school on it, which was actually starring for want of funds. He went to endeavour to get a little assistance from the rich groan 1 landlords of the poor charity school—viz., the Mercers' Company when he was toll by a remarkably well-fed locking personage at Mercers' Hall that he could give him (Mr. Ayrton) no information as to whom he was to apply. (Hear, hear, and laughter.) He used all the diligence he was able, but he faile I altogether to discover who and what was the governing body of the Mercers' Company. They ha 1 already been permitted to treat Royal Commissioners with contempt, so it was not surprising they did not give him information they denied ether more important personages. He wanted to know what the Mercers' Company aid? (Rear, hear.) They did'nt assist reduced tnercors—(loud laughter)—or did anything else than receive a large amount of money which they expended as they thought fit, without the slightest statement or balance-sheet ever being how to any person. He knew they hail en tirely diverted the original intention of the original founder of St. Paul's School, because the admission into that educational establishment in the City was only to be had by tha securing of the patronag t .f one of the mysterious Mercers' Company. (Laughter, and hear, hear.) It was whispered that two or three families formed the company, and that they divided the patronage amongst them. Whether that was so or not ho did not know, but as the school was omitted from the bill, ho supposed there was some reason for it. How ever, as he washed that all educational legacies should be put to their legitimate purposes, he should move that St. Paul's School be added to the establishments dealt with by the present bill. (Cheers.) Mr. LOWE said he bad au amendment that required consideration before that, of the hen. member for the rower Hamlets was disposed of. ill° then moved an amendment to the effect that the appointment of the government be left with the commissioners. A discussion followed, after which the house divided. For the amendment 7 69 Against it Majority against the amendment —B3 After the consideration of clauses 4 and 5, the sitting of the house was adjourned until 9 o'clock. At the eveuing sitting, Mr. BRIGHT called attention to a petition which lio presented some weeks ago from Nova Scotia, complaining bf i s absorption into Canada by the Confederation Act of est year. • Tracing with much minuteness of detail the history of this question of Confederation for some years :>ast, Mr. Bright maintained that the Nova Szotians had never agreed to anything beyond as union of the mari ..ime provinces; that the legislature in sanctioning. the Ulan had acted contrary to the wishes of the pesple ; that the assent of the Mitish Parliament had been Artained, if not by frau 1, at least by extravagant over !olouritag of the facts ; and that the Government, when they were pressing Vie bill on with inlecont haste, knew that Nova Scotia wa_s averse to it. As proof of tlw pubic opinion in the colony, ho mentioned hat at the last general election out of 57 members elected o the local and the colonial Parliam.mt only three were in favour of Confederation, although the influence of the Colonial-office, of the military services, of the Canada offi cials, and the name of the Queen had been used on that side. Mr. Bright proposed an address to the CroWn 'ray ing that a Commission may be sent out this autumn to inquire into the causes of the discontent felt by the Nova Scotiaus; and from such an inquiry ho anticipated either that some modifications might be made in the Con federation, which would Inert the wishes of Nova Scotia, or that the union might' be confined to the maritime provinces, or tA , the jCanadas alone. To refuse the inquiry would be to follow up the foolish haste of last year by more perilous obstinacy, and ho warned the house in his most solemn tone—depre cating, of course, any such unhappy result—that to turn a deaf ear to these complaints of the colony would be the first step towards throwing it into the arms of the United States. The motion was seconded by Mr. LAXTER I and op posed by Mr. ADDERLEY, who, admitting that discontent did unfortunately exist in Nova Scotia at the present moment, laid down three propositions,—that the allegations of the petition were entirely unfounded; that if they were true, to send out a Royal Commission would be au insane act ; that whatever discontent existed was being removed by a totally different process. In his turn he entered into the history of the Confederation movement, but drew from it the opposite conclusion that the proposition had originated in Nova Scotia, and that it had been car ried out with the thorough consent of the people as well as the Legislature. The Imperial Parliament had acted simply as a Ministerial agent to give effect to their wishes, and the Act was almost the ipsi3sima ver3a of the resolu tions of the colonists. Mr. Bright's allegation that the recent elections had been unreservedly against Confe,:te ration he contradicted directly, and the discontent, which he admitted, was not greater than was po,haps natural at the commencement of such an experiment, and not greater than existed in the United States when first the Federation was established. To send out a Royal Commission would be ,to embarrass and paralyse the Colonial Government at a critical moment, and would destroy the monetary credit of the Domi nion. But the difficulties were rapidly being overcome, and in a little time longer Mr. Adderley confidently ex pected they would disappear altogether. The influence of Nova Scotia had been almost dominant in the Domi nion Parliament ; numerous changes had been made in favour of the maritime provinces, and their free-trade po licy was getting the better of the protectionist leanings of Canada: Confederation was the only alternative of an nexation to the United States, for these provinces could not remain for ever in an indepweent position; and he earnestly urged the house not to sanction the first step to wards a reactionary policy. Mr. S. AYTOUN supported the motion, holding that the Nova Scotians hal never consented to confederation. Mr. CARDWELL, lamenting the existence of discon tent, appealed to the history of Confederation to show that, so far from Nova Scotia being taken by surprise, the first proposals had proceeded entirely from her, and it was Canada which had long continued to hold back. When the union of the provinces was carried out it was but natural that discontent shold arise from the dislocation of interests and prejudices, and from the assimilation of tariffs and other changes, but it would pass away, as a similar feeling had passed away in New Brunswick. But he protested strongly against a step which would assume that the voica of the Legislature did not represent the people, and would be a hazardous interference with colonial self-government. The motion was supported by Mr. Gorst and opposed by Mr. Karslake ; and, after a rather angry reply from Mr. Bright, the house rejected it by 183 to 87. The LORD ADVOCATE brought in a bill to amend the law regulating Municipal Elections in Scotland. Mr. M'EVOY attempted to bring on the second reading of his Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, although Mr. Hardy ad vises him to defer it until the Lords' Report, just agreed to, had been communicated to the Commons. But on a division the adjournment was carried by 142 to 82. Mr. GLADSTONE'S Suspensory Bill was read a third time and passed, with a final protest from Colonel S. Knox. The other business was disposed of, and the house ad journed at 10 minutes past 1 o'clocic. chewing tobacco which can be passed through a riddle of 16 meshes to the square inch, and on all refuse scraps and sweepings of tobacco, a tax of 16 cents per pound. After the passage of this act, all manufactured tobacco is to be put up and prepared by the manufacturer for sale or removal, or for sale or consumption, in packages of the following de scriptions, and in no other manner : "All snuff in packages of 1,2, 4,8, and 16 ounces (ex cept yellow snuff), which may at the option of the manu facturer be put up iu bladlers, not exceeding 10 pounds each. All fine-cut chewing tobacco, and all other kinds of tobacco not otherwise provided for, in packages of 1,1, 2, 4,8, and 16 ounces, except that flue-cut chewing tobacco may at the option of the manufacturer be pat up Ls wooden packages of 10,20,30, and GO pounds each. All smoking to bacco, all fine-cut shorts which can be passed through a riddle of 16 meshes to the square inch, and all refuse scraps and sweepings of tobacco, in packages of 2,4, 8, and 16 ounces each. All cavendish, plug, and twist tobacco in wooden boxes of the following dimensions :—Owside mea sure —eights, 7 inches square and 14 inches deep; thirds, 10 inches square and 15 inches deep; halves, 14 inches square and 12 inches deep; three-quarters, 11 inches square and 19 inches deep ; and every pack - age shall have printed or ms:-ked thereon the manufacturer's name and place of manufacture, and the registered number of the manufac tory and the gross weight, the tare and the net weight of the tobacco in each box. Provide], that these limitations and descriptions of packages shall not apply to tobacco and snuff transported iu bond for exportation and actually ex ported. On cigarettes, cigars, and cheroots of all descrip tions made of tobacco or any substitute thereof, $lO per thousand ; and the Commitsioner of Internal Revenue may prescribe such regulations for the inspection of cigars, cheroots, and cigarettes, and the collection of the tax thereon, as shall in his judgment be most effective for the prevention of frauds in the payment of such tax." The law provides for the collection of the tax on tobacco in all its manufactured forms, by means of stamps, excepting such as is intended for exporta tion. The stamps are, to be affixe Ito the packages. On fermented liquors there is substantially no change.. On all beer, lager beer, weiss beer, ale, porter, or other similar liquors, by whatever name such liquors may be called, a tax of $1 for every barrel containing not more than 31 gallons, and at a fractional part of a barrel, which shall be brewed, manufactured, and sold, or removed for consump tion for sale. The provision of the old law for the removal of fermented liquor for storage, without being' previously stamped, is struck out. The most marked change in the law is in the department of distilled spirits. .The new law is drawn with clear ness and perspicuity. The arrangement as to fines and penalties is in such a way as to leave but little business to the discretion of the courts. The tax is retained of $2 a gallon, although it is said that a majority of the committee was in favour of a lower tax. The principal feature of this section of the law is, that the distilling can be carried on only by the holders of the fee-simple of the property, or, - in case where the ground on which the distillery is situated is leased, the owner of the distillery must bring in an instrument from the ownerof the ground consenting to the use of the premises for . distilling purposes, and that he fully understands the obliga tion which he assumes by the lease of the premises for such purposes. A non-compliance with this condition forfeits)he entire property. Any person permitting his premises to be used as a means of egress or ingress for illicit distilleries is amenable to the loss of his property. The license fee is in creased on every registered distillery having a still or stills intended for the distillation of spirits, and of an aggregate cubic capacity of not more than 300 gallons, $3 a day, and in addition $1 per day for every measure of cubic capacity of 100 gallons or fractional part thereof in excess of 3,000 gallons ; but any distillers who shall stop work as provided by this Act, shall not be compelled to pay on any distillery more than $2 per day during the time the work shall be so suspended in this district. The provisions touching distilled spirits cover 50 sec tions of the new bill. The tax in all cases is to be paid at the distillery. No transportation in bond is allowed except for exportation. The tax is to be pre paid bymeans of stamps, and no barrel is allowed to be transported without a stamp affixed to it. The Government is in possession of a stamp for this pur pose, which could not be removed without insuring its 0'.711 destruction. Stamps are furnished at a mere nominal charge for such casks or barrels as may be refilled. The tax on gross receipts re mains substantially as now, with the exception of theatres and other places of amusement, which, in addition to the two per cent. tax, are to pay a specific tax on each performance ranging frOtn $2 to $2O, according tositting capacity. Every person giving a performance is reqaired to provide himself in advance with a permit for so doing, the nrice of which is regulated by the sitting capacity of the place of entertainment. The owner or lessee of the place in which the entertainment is given is held liable for the tax. It seems to be the opinion that this part of the law is so framed that the no torious evasion of the tax heretofore practised may be stopped. But few alterations have been made in the law relative to . btitikers' and brokers' sales, incomes,nmes, legacies, and successions, excepting the pilovision for a more perfect administration of the sale. The bill exempts manufactures from taxation substan tially in accordance with the law which was passed several weeks ago. The only articles which are continued from the old list are ground coffee, gas, spices, and petro leum. The tax on gas is reduced from 23 cents per 1,000 cubic feet to 10 cents ; and the tax on refined petroleum is retaine I at 10 c?,nts a gallon. The tax on imitation wines remains substantially the same, and the bill contains nothing about iron or coal. The bill contains 15 sections on the subject of banded xvarchoases, and consolidates into one act all existing internal tax bill. The Mining and Scientific Press says--" It is estimated that as many as 8,000 articles arc ex empted by the new law, the most important of which, as affecting this coast, are as follows : Bullion, books, boilers, boots and shoes, bags, brass work, candles, chemicals, carriages, cloth, clothing, furniture, powder, glue, glass, hats and caps, iron products, lead, leather, lard and linseed oil, masts, spars, cordage, pickles, printed matter, prints, pho tographs, paper, pottery, quicksilver, turpentine, lime, water craft, wool, soap, salt, sails, steam en gines, &c. The repeal of the tax on the various articles which enter into the business of ship building, it is thought will do much towards reviv ing this important branch of our domestic industry. It is to be hoped that since Congress has seen the necessity of such. an important reduction in the burden of national taxation, as bearing upon the middle classes, it will soon be found willing to go one step further, and exempt all incomes from , taxation which do not exceed the sum of $2,000. The derangements of business and depression of currency, consequent upon the war has so in creased the cost of living in this country, that but few persons with large families, and resident in cities or in populous neighbourhoods, can sustain themselves in anything like a comfortable manner on $2,000 a year in currency. To such the income tax is a burden too grievous to he borne, and the revenue now derived therefrom should be collected from the property of the country. But the corner has been fairly turned, and let us hope that the country is now about to enter upon a road which will lead to prosperity and repose." General Schenck reported the bill on the 27th May, saying he should ask to have it considered in Committee of the whole on the next day and every day after till disposed of r but it is doubtful whether an affair so long can be finished this session. TuE BOUNDARY • C6SIMISSION.—A return has been published, which shows that the foes paid to the assistant boundary commissioners for their services amounted in the aggregate to £7,40 14s. The number of days during which they were ocznpied varied from thirty seven to sixty-six, and the rats of remuneration from three to five guineas a day. [An —Holloway's Pills. -Safety amidst Dangers.—Surrounded on all sides by the causes of dis ease man must keep up a constant watch if he would pre serve or recover his heala. These purifying pills present the most certain and effectual means of removing all ob noxious matters from the blood, at the same time that they regulate any disordered actions which their presence has induced. The harmless and strengthening balsams of which Hollo.y. , ay's pills arc 'composed render them peed- Early well adapted for the young.and delicate, who can with impunity bear only tender treatment. In 'the nur sery this mild aperient and universal purifier should al ways be at hand ; in rising families attention to Holloway's directions and their early application will prevent much future evil. CARDINAL CULLEN'S LE7TER. --1 s The letter of Cardinal Cullen to the Mayers correcting the assertion of Marshal MacMahon that cases of cannibalism had occurred during the famine in Ireland, cannot fail to call the attention of France, in whose eyes it is the ambition of every Englishman that his country should stand well, to the slow and reluctant process by which Ireland is being emancipated from the ban of religious persecution. The Cardinal's letter speaks of Marshal MacMahon's Irish ancestors as distinguished among Catholic chieftains in resisting the sanguinary persecu tions of English Protestantism under Crom well, and France sees with amazement that, after the lapse of two hundred years, Ireland is still struggling for emancipation from the greatest injustice that could be inflicted on a Catholic nation—the establishment of an alien Church in its midst. As long as the Pro testantism of England could manage to domi neer over the Catholics of Ireland without danger of exciting in Ireland civil commotion, or of attracting the indignant attention of Europe, the Irish Church was allowed to stand in all its flagrant injustice. But no sooner had Fenianism disturbed the peace of the Empire, and excited the curiosity of Europe as to the manner in which Catholic Ireland was governed by Protestant England, than the people bestirred themselves—at least the ma jority who are happily no longer under the in fluence of Protestant bigotry—with a right goodwill to remove a great injustice, and to wipe away a stain on the national honour. England wishes the wrong it has done to be forgotten or not to be spoken of, least of all in France, even before the promised restitution has been made. Hence the sensitiveness, which the Times could not conceal, at the publication in the Ftench papers of Cardinal Callen's letter to Marshal MacMahon. There was nothing really in his Eminence's letter to make the Times wince, beyond the fact of its alluding to the sanguinary persecutions which Catholic Ireland has suffered from Protestant England, to the patience and Christian resignation which the Irish people had shown under a famine unexampled in Europe for its severity,' and to the ties in religion and race, which bind Catho lic Ireland to France. But the letter, itself, renewed the recollection of the fact, that after a prolonged and sanguinary persecution, Catholic Ireland still has to bear the badge of Protestant ascendancy, and still suffers, on account of its refusal to accept the Pro testant religion, a treatment which no other nation of Europe is subjected to except un happy Poland, between which and the Ireland of to-day, of course, no comparison exists. We can forgive the Times its silly assertions about the supposed foreign proclivities of Catholicism on account of the shame which it betrays lest the true state of things concern ing the treatment which Catholicism has so long received at the hands of an antiquated bigotry, which is now about being laid aside, should become generally known out of Eng land. Shame is the symptom of amendment. We really believe that the time has come to treat and to speak of Catholicism, both in England and in Ireland, with more justice and with more veracity than has hitherto been the case. Juster ideas have come upon the people of England, and, in spite of political necessities, we believe the day is gone by when a "No Popery cry" could be successfully raised. Our friends and neighbours on the Continent will watch on this account the coming elections Ivith interest and curiosity, and with, perhai3s, here and there the un avowed hope to catch perfide Albion, tripping. We trust that we may do nothing which, as a nation, we shall be ashamed to avow before the face of Europe.—Westininster Gazette. TIIE AMENDED TAX BILL. This bill, reported to the House of Representa tives by General Schenck, chairman of the Com mittee of Ways and Means, on the 12th May, is entitled "An Act to itecluce into one Act, and Amend the Laws Relating to Internal Taxes. It is the longest bill ever reported, extending over. one thousand pages. It revises the whole revenue system of the United States, upon a plan mainly suggested by the Special Commissioner, Mr. Wells, though there are points in which his opinions are set at naught; for instance, the fee, ure withdraw ing all taxes upon manufactures which has been carried by a strong pressure in spite of the warn ings of the Secretary of the Treasury. By this bill the internal revenue is erected into a separate department independent - of the Trea sury proper, of which the chief officer is to be a Commissioner, whose annual salary is to be $6,000; the Assistant Commissioner a salary of $l,OOO ; six Deputy Comnaissioners, with a 6 Cary each of $3,000 per annum ; a SJlicitor, at a salary of $4,000, together with the requisite number of clerks and messengers. The Commissioner has power to appoint and remove all Collectors, Asses sors, Assistant Assessors, Supc.‘rviors of Revenue, Inspectors, Gaugers, Storekeepers, and other offi cers and clerks provided for iu this Act, who shall severally give bonds for the faithful performance of their duties as may be required by law. The Commissioner is required to organize a system for the distribution of labour and duties in his depart ment by establishing six divisions therein, to each of which shall be referred whatever relates to a partieu.i.ar class of subjects, as follows :-- "Division No. I.—All that relates to special taxes and taxes on sales and gross receipts. No. 2 All that relates to stamps. No. 3 —All that relates to taxes and legacies, and successions, incomes and salaries, banks and other corporations. No. 4—All that relases to the taxes on dis tilled spirits and oils. No. s—All that r, fates to the taxes on tobacco, snuff, and cigars, and fermented liquors. No. 6—All that relates to the bonds of revenue officers and others, and the keeping and settlement of the accounts of collectors and other officers." A new class of officers is created—the same as recommended by Special Commissioner Wells two years ago—called Supervisors of the Revenue, oue of whom is to be assigned to each Judicial District of the country. It is made their business to super intend the general collection of the revenue, and to report from time to time the manner in which business is transacted by Assessors and Collectors. They are also invested with the power to rotate or change from place to place all the sub-officers, such as inspectors, gaugers, and storekeepers, whose duties are prescribed and salaries fixed. The bill prescribes the duties of Assessors and Assistant- Assessors, and the method in which taxes shall be assessed ; and also those of collectors and deputy collectcrs, and the method of the collection of taxes. It provides for proceedings where seizure and dis traint becomes necessary in order to insure the col lection of the tax, together with the regulations for the conducting of suits, remission of taxes, and the compromising of fines and penalties. The bill pro vides for attention to frauds, and penalties, and drawbacks ; and the fourth division of the Act embraces several comprehensive and complete sections with regard to the execution and filing of bonds. The fifth contains several miscel laneous sections, bringing together in a com plete manner, and under separate heads,, all the provisions of the law relating to each separate de partment. In these respects the bill, it is claimed, will have great su p er i or ity over the existing sta tutes, a superio r ity w hi c h, in fact, characterises the entire bill. The next department embraces the special tax formerly known as licenses. The num ber of these is greatly increased, probably double. The rates are very generally advanced, although some occupations formerly taxed are now exempted. In this section the manufacturers' tax of $2 per $l,OOO, or one-fifth of one per cent. is retained. The next department of the bill is that relative to stamps, which has now been greatly amended. The succeeding department embraces a variety of special taxes, including those on banks and bankers. Passports and taxes on the articles mentioned in what is known as Schedule A, which includes car riages, watches, and pianos. The ohl division of gross receipts .is abandoned, and in place thereof each source of taxation stands by itself. The bill pro vides on snuff, manufactured of tobacco, or any substitute for tobacco, ground, thy, damp, pickled, scented, or otherwise, of all descriptions, when pre pared 'for use, a tax of 40 cents per pound. And snuff flour, when sold or removed for consumption, shall be taxed as snuff, and shall be put up in pack nges and stamped in the same manner as snuff. o‘, all chewing tobacco, fine cut, plug, or twist ; on all smoking tobacco, not made exclusively of stems ; on all tobacco twisted by hand or reduced from leaf into a condition to be consumed, or otherwise pre pared without the use of any machine or instru ment, and without being pressed or sweetened, and on all other kinds of manufactured tobacco, not herein otherwise provided for, a. tax of 40c. per pound ; on all smoking tobacco made exclusively of stems on all fine cut shorts; the refuse of fine cut QUESTIONS TO IRISIDIEN. Cardinal Cullen has denied a statement made by Marshal M'Mahon, who, in repelling an attempt of Archbishop Lavigerie to fasten on the Mahom medan religion the reproach of the cannibalism re sbrted to • in Algeria during the recent famine, Asserted that even Christians, driven by extremity, had eaten each other, and that in Ireland while the famine of 1816 lasted cases were recorded. These were his words You will doubtless a'sree with me that Irelan 1 is one of the most religious coun- . tries in the world. Nevertheless, during the last faMine instances of cannibalism occurred there as well as now in Algeria." The Cardinal, after insti thti ng a careful inquiry,declares no such case occurred in Ireland. That the poor people, on the contrary, shared their last morsel with their companions in misery, and that parents were known to lie down and die rather than reduce their children's pittance of bread. The Times finds fault with the Cardinal, who, in discussing this subject, carefully refrained from one word of acknowledgment of the efforts made by England to meet the emergency. " Hav ing gone so far the Cardinal was surely bound to go a little further, and to acknowledge the equally memorable efforts, both public and private, made in England to alleviate the sufferings of the sister island. If the Irish famine was the worst that modern Europe has known, it was certainly en countered by the English Government and nation with a spirit and generosity for which it would be difficult to find a parallel. Thousands upon thou sands of Irishmen owed their lives to English help, and the ministers of all denominations vied with each other in •activity as almoners of Protestans charity." But if the Cardinal forgets to make any mention of Eugfish aid, he does not lose the op portunity of having a fling at the Saxon enemy. " The name (says the Cardinal), of Marshal Mac- Mahon, which recalls one of the noblest families of the Celtic Princes of Ireland, is also pre-eminent among those of our Catholic chiefs who, during the sanguinary struggle with the fanatical bands of Cromwell, inscribed upon their banner this noble motto, Pro fide, patria, et I?ege?' What good purpose (asks the 7 lines), can be served by con trasting the happiness of France, as not only the Mother, the magna paresis of the Celtic race, but also the eldest daughter of the Church,' with the - deplorable condition of Ireland two centuries ago?' This is a question we would like very much to see answered, but there is a question to which we would even more desire to receive a reply. What good can Gen. O'Neill anticipate to the cause of Ire land from au invasion of - Canada ? Of all the strange Irish proceedings that have astonished the world, and led some to believe they are a rac3 of lunatics, this invasion of Canada threatens to be the most outrageous. The one single object to be achieved is.e, war between the United States and the United Kingdom, for it resolves itself into that or total defeat. Supposing that the Fenians suc ceeded in establishing themselves on Canadian soil in such force as to defy the power of the Canadian Government to dislodge them—what would be the position ? The Washington Government would be compelled to move to the assistance of their neighbours, just as a British ship of war is bound to render assistance against illegal violence when called upon by an American consul, as was lately the case at Port-au-Prince. Nor is the obligation confined to this. The invasion being organized in the United States against a friendly colony and against the laws, the Fenians acting as mere brigands, it is the bouts len duty of the United States to crush the organization that thus openly outrages the laws, and to punish the leaders. Other wise, if Canada is to be open to invasion, but to be barred reprisals, it is the United States and Eng land who fight, while the Canadians bear the blown. The scheme proposed is to make a rush on Fort Porter, at present garrisoned by two companies of United States soldiers, and under cover of its guns, which command the entrance to Niagara River, to cross in steamers and barges to Fort Erie. Thus the first step is to make a hostile attack on Uncle Sam's fort and troops. The frontier cities are said to be swarming with Fenians, mil arms and ammunition to be stored in large quanti ties. British gunboats are patrolling the St. Lawrence from Kingstown to Prescott ; the 4th battalion 6)th Rifles, and the 17th Regiment have been countermanded after being embarked en their return to England, more troops have been sent out, and other measures taken to repel the inroad, and all the regiments are under orders to be in readiness at a moment's notice. O'Neill has frankly proclaimed his intention of spilling blood, and if his operations are not interrupted by the United' States, if he succeeds in nothing else, he will suc ceed in that. In the United States the people take the scare very quietly, as well they may, it not being their throats that are in danger. So do We in Europe for precisely the same reason, but we hope that the President will show his appreciation of the joy expressed in this country at his acquittal by putting his foot down on the Fenian organiza tion. The latest news is that the Government of the Dominion has called out 3,000 volunteers for the defence of the frontier above Montreal, ant doubled their force ; that a battery of the Royal Artillery has been despatched from Montreal, and 200 men of the 60th Rifles are in readiness to fol low. The Fenian Fair held at Buffalo on May 27 was enlivened by the p assage t o t h e Canadian side of 200 men, who made a demonstration on the left bank. The gunboat Britonzarle got ashore opposite Buffalo while patrolling the Niagara River. It is anticipated that an attempt will be made between Lancaster and Cornwall, and Adjutant-General M'Dougall, Sir Charles Windhaan, and Colonel Wolsey are examining the position to provide means of defence. Even supposing that no attack be mada the Canadians who have deeply suffered by .the de pression of trade will hate the very name of Fe nians, and confound them with all Irishmen. We can see the Irish loss, but can they tell us what is likely to be their gain in these insane proceedings? —Anglo-American Times. RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. The Wall-street .Journal gives the following items " THE UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD.—A despatch from Omaha says this road now reaches 600 miles west of that place, and is in running order to 50 miles beyond the highest ridge of the Rocky Moun tains. The rapid construction of this railroad is one of the most marvellous feats in the chronicles of engineering. Nothing like it in railroading' was ever before accomplished. Sixty miles of track have been completed since the spring opened, and at this rate nearly 400 miles will have been laid down before the end of the year, and the great turnpike be tween the Atlantic and Pacific opened next year, in stead of in 1870 aspromised. The enterpriseand ability of a railroad management which has thus done more than the strict scientific theory set for it can' not be questioned, and it is not surprising to learn that, even with an uncompleted track, the Union Pacific Railroad is paying handsomely. The great interests which are eag3rly waiting for rail' road connection between New York and" San Fran' cisco may well be satisfied with what these per formances promise. The work of extending the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific Railroad, west from Des Moines to the Missouri River, is now in vigorou3 progress• It was, on the 23d May, completed to and across Raccoon River, lifteeen miles west of Des Moines, and will be pushed to the Missouri in double-quick time. The New York and Oswego Midland Railway Company will soon be commences, and the direc. tors are preparing for a vigorous beginning of their enterprise. A judicious use of aviilable means, it is also said, will more than half complete the easter" end of the road ; and it will be an unusual thing if any serious difficulty is experienced in raising the capital to finish it. It is confidently predicted that we shall soon see the iron horse and coaches tra versing the interior of Sullivan county. lii the meantime the company's agents arc active on the line from Oswego to Sydney, in securing the right of way. A party have made the locating surge,' from Middletown west, and others will soon awl' meuce the work from Sydney east, and upon the various branches. Horse Railroads are increasing all over the coun try. The latest railroad statistics that have been published show that there are tow in the United States 983 miles of horse railroads. Boston has 169 miles ; New York, 179 ; Philadelphia, 192 Brooklyn, 179. The Illinois Central Railroad Company held its annual meeting at Chicago, Wednesday, ISIly 271 and elected Jonatlian Sturgi3, A. S. Hewitt, Willliam Tracy, W. D. Osborne, and George Bliss directors. The contract with the Dubuque an I S:oux City Railroad was accepted, and a stock divi dend of 8 per cent. declared. Three new drawing-room cars, costing $15,0 09 each, are, soon to be put on the Hudson River and central railroads. The body of each car is sixtr four feet long. The projections of the platforro° add about ten feet more to the length. Each Ca r contains eight apartments, capable of accommo dating four persons each, and four large rooms , suitable for an entire family. One of the larg° rooms is set apart for the common use of all the occupants of the car. The following is a statement of the earnings per mile of fourteen railroads for the first four month ° of the year : ,—Miles m ,—Earningr, Railroads. 1867. 1868. 1867. 18:, Atlantic and Great Western 507 507 $3,195 s3." 6 Chicago and Alton 9 2. Chicago and North Western 1,152 1,152 2,432 3 " (, o 'l Ohio, Rock Island, & Pacific 410 452 ,07 2, 6 '" Illinois Central , 3 h a Marietta and Cincinnati 251 251 1 356 1 ,;.,i3 Michigan Central Mich. South and North. Ind 524 524 2,648 2, 1 ',11 Milwaukee and St. Paul 740 740 1,649 2.° ‘ ,"/ Ohio and Mississippi Pitts., Fort Wayue, and Chi 468 468 4,835 Nl' St. Louis, Alton, and Ter Haute 149 210 210 3,302 0,; 7 9 Toledo, Wabash, and West. 521 521 1.971 2 , 1 ;:6 Western Union ..- Total — ,g 6,576 6,618 $2,720 $2,9a r By the above table we find that, for the foil,. months, the gross earnings average $2,939 Pt mile, against $2,720 per mile for the corresponding mouths of 1867, the gain averaging 8 per cent. it: there is uo reason for supposing that the workil 3 P expenses of the roads have been 'increased mate': ally, in connection with this enlarged traffic, it is t" be presumed that their business this year has bee ° unusually profitable. In the earlier period under comparison the e companies owned and leased 3,809 miles of road' in the latter 4,254 miles. Th e y ear l y earn i n gs 0 f and expenses of all the r oads com bi ne d average d P e ' mile, for the respective periods, as follows : Gross earnings. Expenses. Net earn' 1861- 9 510,496 $5,708 $4,7, 0 1866-7 15,696 10,816 4,3° - Increase in 1866-7 55,200 $5,138 s li 6' Increase per cent It thus appears that while the gross earnings been increased from $10,496 per mile to $15, 0 per mile, a gain of 50 per cent., the expenses ha" been from $5,708 per mile to $10,846, an increas e of 90 per cent., while the n e t earning' show 3° average gain of $62 per mile or 1. per cent. V ir ; tually, therefore, the net earni ngs o f th e ro ads ar„ about the same per mile as at the beginning of tb ° war. Births. --- FORBES —On the 16th inst., at 11, York-place, Portraar square, the wife of Dlvid Forbes, F.R.S., of a son. PEEL— T.di On the 12th inst.. at Pembroke Lodge, the --i t Georgiana Peel, of a daughter. THEOBALD —On the lath inst., the wife of M. Theob al Cif Esq., of Hendon, of a son. Marriages. HumrintEr —HUNT—On the 11th inst., at St. Martin's^ 4 s the Hill, Scarborough, John Wm. Humphrey, Esq.' t o London, late of the Royal Scots Greys, to Eliza be ,' Mary, younger daughter of Richard Hunt, Esq., of Sc'' borough. NicaoLs—KissEr —On the IGth inst . , at St. Ja"" „, :s• Church, Paddington, Robert 0. Nichols, of 5, Su s " or place, Hyde-park, to Emily Mary, youngest daugh ter Wm. Kinsey, Esq. of 34, Sussex-gardens. Deaths. Jo lla the 15th inst., at 137, Kennington-road , Curley, Esq., aged 72. ELDER—On the 14th inst., Charles Elder, Esq., proP r ,'" of the Adelphi Hotel, Adam-street, Strand, aged tot 13';'• LULL —On the 16th inst., at Grove-park, Carnbersr, oo , grove, Thomas Farquhar Hill, Esq., late of King" Jamaica. Oh VI. LASICIE —On the 15th inst., at Grove Lodge, IsieNvor J. Laskie, E q., of the Stock Exchange, aged 38. e r SEABORS-00 the 14th inst., at 2, William-street, LoWil l " square, Sarah S , 3aborn, aged 85. of - -O. he 15th inst.. James Wv E. l"`" WYOX u the loth —., yon, 11.111.'s Miut, aged 61. WHITE-0n the 14th lust., at 6, Hanover-terrace, 1 . 1 - Oa hill, Mr. T. F. White. London : Printed and Published • by WILLIA.M ANDO 1 ,3 , , of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tan SErN OlicN N 4 .2) Strand, in the Precinct of the St. voy, in the 0 ° .41 ' . laiddloca..—Woclooday, dune 1.; 1868. RD This Prize it is P the Sold Obser ha t e s Li ,_ 3,i -u 147 R L ATATA'\ "") 1 4 Fimsable We, f RO' 'N J G G . / ftna hi GYmn q Mr. It ant Priv; T 1 CA .9ftorge th e h,; .v . -- Grew 11,111 e. With , banleal grand all Co rns ( 11 E' , 1 !:10A: " 1 , 1 61 .; Of A.R Thl3 E ta Vino. by 31:!, for the Solo C 43 11:Lhe or unt Ott 3r e ' ' , bare 113u3 n~ 5 8 . atv ri , all l 'af)! witho ; nT all(1 7 1 Strati( FU PR all d es r ) , lta mp th n , c transr, In; w Thii for .; Clioln - I. I J soi led MA 1 G r t col ou; f ectly 61. ; Chen,- P I . Er 3 alt st,m, Year tress, digoi e rv, stua ford fo od Wat fr on • n ob of I, V3 u ,