The Sun. — London, England, 1851-01-30 00:00:00

the reverend gentleman was placed in a position of pecu liar hardship, and unius th , ) Court would interpose its snthority for his pro!eLtion there was no remedy what ever open to him. Mr. Justice ERLE wished the Learned Counsel to road the provision of the Act of Parliament which authorised insolvent Commissioner to annul vesting orders. Mr. JAMES did so. The Act atiFolutely annulled nesting orders in certain cases, and invested the Commis lioner with discretionary power to deal with cases like the present. Mr. Justice EaLE was afraid under there eircum atances he could not interfere. The Act gave the Com missioner authority to quash the order, I,upposing he sh ould think such a step ju-t and meet, and this Court h r 'd laid it down as a rule never to interfere with the exer c i,, o of a discretionary p owe r which the Legislature il l'ght confer on a lower tribunal. In this case it was gotta clear the Insolvent Commissioner had refused to „ a ,s tu 1 the order i n t h e exerc i se o f hi s discretionary and this t inu Court could not interfere without viola ls wholesome rule. This was, however, a peeu r,ease, and it wou ld, perhaps, be es well to mention it E 5 Court, wh o m i g ht, under all the circumstances, 11idueed to relax the rule. 114- • JA.MEB said he would act upon his Lordship's 3g4estion, and ~:-Che case was st ill l eft open as if no dec i s i on h a d b een 4 .7„ !tieunced upon the application. ANKRUPTCY,—(THIS DAY.) Th IN RE BREWSTER. T h la IN was described as of Hand-court, • le - street, painter, an d t o -d a y carne u p t o p ass his 3,e: Lamination. hall. • 'balauce sheet, prepared by Mr. Delvitte, liaSing ditto reet, shows debtor to creditors, 4,339/. 4s. lld; 144 e. holding security, 319/. Creditors, good debts, property, 3481.9 a; ditto, in hands of creditors, 2704 Ti n bankrupt was allowed to pass his examination. talTl Ids IN RE FORD. bankrupt was described as of High Holla 60,10 wachandler, and to-day was appointed for the cern .4 -e meeti ng, which, however, was adjourned by con y, t, to afford au opportunity to effect an arrangement, tbE t the creditors might receive a larger dividend than 111 d under th e b an k ru ptcy, which would be an- Adjourned kd- " accordingly. S] l a ''-"APES' COURT —(THIS DAY.) gE (Betrire Mr. U n d er -Sh er iff B URCUE LL.) Thi s .111U T UAL LOAN F UND ASSOCIAT I ON V . SUMMERLEY. 41.. s an action brought by the Mutual Loan Fund iita c a ll ' t; •on, carrying on business in Beaufort-buildings, • against the defendant, who is a builder, at Erith, Jvcr the sum of 9/. 6s. Bd., balance due on a bill of r • 4 nge , of which the defendant was a co-acceptor. 11:'efndant pleaded that he did not accept the bill. .:11r. Thomas Hutchinson was called, and . proved that " was present when defendant signed the bill. He was t f l e t n t d llo tina.e official referee. He was a co-surety, and de -4 ant signed the bi.l first, but appeared to be fearful a ns b t he (witness) would not, and tore off his name, and -cgtictitly re-signed it. The money was lent to a .parsa a I named D av i s, w h o had pa i d some money on ac um. 1 2 4 ; r • PAxorr, defendant's attorney, submitted that the ta il' n e t ig h s must b e nonsu i te d , as no act i on could sus te t ., o "Y any company or association not duly regis aianient °l. "using under the provisions of some Act of rTile Learned UNDER-SHERIFF said that it was a most eeartant question, but it ought t have been pleaded. .• • " 1 Y ques!ion h ere was w h e th er th e d e f en d an t ecl the bill. Th e defendant, however, could apply to it algn judge at chambers at once. i tlr Y gave verdict for the amount claimed. This a %vas the only case in the list in which the parties '' th prepar e d. L ast week the whole HA was gone ro 4t I . 4 °V: 3 s and th e part i es were not rea d y in any case, and p f a-e onlY by consent of the jury gnat a delay took v ut l 4 ' l the Under-Sh er iff said that ; , although he wculd • I II ) with some inconvenience, he could not ask the am struck. out aste their time, and s',;rictl.y the cases ought to GUILD HALL..._(THIS DAY.) c a,: rj ase elry Arnold Green, but who rejoices in several eh,, 8. wit* again bre,nght up and placed at the bar F t r g'd with obtaining goods under false and fraudulent ar' the The primi•aer had been tried and convicted lik t d'ear 1848, at the Central Criminal Court for a 18 6° "",ee, up , 3n w'nich occasion he was sentenced to Pre;; l n t t°Bl i.lYiprisonment and hard labour. Upon the charges a there were no less than three distinct read age : oast him , the particulars of which have at beenuPPeared in The Sun. The depositions having .pa, 7 '°"°`ADy completed, the prisoner, who had nothing 41eular to say, was committed for trial. A g, d rw. t--if,;t:TCH CLERICAL POACHER.—The Rev. An tarhi, Ewan, pastor of the Levern church or chapel at th e st ti a, has been convicted of pc,aching during Sunday, fors Inst. The case was forma'.lv brought into court be f'sa_ rovost Phillips, of Paisley, 'Jn"Tuesday, but as the of defe':ne,was frankly pleaded guilty to by the aged . and reverend li eu , ' la nto no evidence was ade v , r ars of the case, but t _awed in court giving the par :nese we have obtained from sources :--The game:Keepers of the Earl of Glasgow eas r . ) °, n g been suspicior. t s of a breach of the law being on near the premises of the Reverend Mr. gro """' hp.d set a strict watch on the church esti - unds at -I -'-'evP,rn, and on the Sunday morning in di, e ' n t uti T Al3g found a snare regularly set, they put it hi s ordier '.itet the rever en d gentleman had commenced ~ b 'Put devotions. They again saw it regularly 'Lavi n ",,hts by hi m , w hi c h con fi rme d t h e i r susp i c i on, an d th e a second time put it in disorder in the course of it 14 ,, Y, they finally pounced on the rev. preacher, when eve r : d Supposed he was putting it in proper . trim tor the AT, ling Before the close of the legal proceedings in court, tF at Henderson, the public prosecutor, humanely suggested all the circumstances and ' from severe re lliilwnich had been read from the bench tot he rev. c.ul -Iv.sa:sed front t.ll'; by Provost that the penalty should be mitt th sum of 2i)/. to 101. The Provost, however, Ivs,,,, xn exe':able for inflicting the highest fine which the law adrait of. Had the defendant been an ignorant une thucapted person a clodpole from the neighbourhood (said h:ve - f.." °8 0 , who did not know the law, the fine might iq been mitigated ; but as no such excuse could be made Gi a lus case, he w . as resolved to exact the highest penalty.-- ow Saturday Post. eVeri,„" l " PHIL 4.EiTrutoric SOCIETY. Yesterday ab o "'"g a mee t i ng of' the committee, and other friends of the k ;Ye p r aiseworthy ' institution, was held at the offices, caa nbers, Ironmonger-lane, Cheapside, to take into ran idera'a , on the presant position of the society, and to ar thfe for the ensuing anniversary festival. The report stated l t Was founded in IS4I for providing the deserving poor coats " and bread during the winter months, in all parts .apri! and bread and its suburbs, for which contractors are th e a ' i n t` 3 d; and a pec u li ar f ea t ure is, that the subscribers are ir.,,,' x ioners of thei r own b oun ty, with an addition arising hynds supplied•by benevolent donors. Many interesting_ si at ' were cited w hi c h appea l e d to t h e b es t s ympathies of Du, h eart, and fully evidenced the usefulness of the society . lsi ing the winter season ' of last year there were upwards of t,'" )0 0 tickets distributed, and since the Ist of December last ~1 7 re than 7 .600 for I.lb. loaves of bread, and the same ber for 561bs. of coals. Owing to the funds being.ex iZed the committee are reluctantly compelled . to with thfr.,,relief ha many distressing cases which daily present selves. tk A:rrt OP c(ird 4E,MR. J. S. ihnoN.—We regret to re we sudden demise of this gentleman, late secretary to vie Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway Company, and subse k;:_tlY a partner in the house of Grafton and Heron, corn %agents, Spring-gardens and Brown-street. Mr. 1,1 foa was on a visit to Mr. Charles Potter, of Earnsdale a nu_,ltse, Darwen, and retired to bed, apparently in good health . ea T spirits, about eleven o'clock on Friday night. Being p ot e , 4 oil Saturday morning, and no answer iven, Mr. tae ,,Le c r entered his room, and found him quite dead; and a h m ,"' al gentleman who was called in stated that he must th at e ,b.een so for some time. There is every probability a „, , 1 -!le decease was instantaneous, and without suffering, t , liat it was the result of an affection of the heart. fe ar tt e!en resided at Bowden, and has left a widow and children. He was a son of the late Mr. J. K. Heron, eou ''',,..:::;!rother of the t own c l er k o f Manchester.—Manthester n, • la. 1 "8R HAMLETS PHILANTHROPIC SOCIE . TY.— (1 4 T esday evening the third annual supper of this Institu * . wh tt i _ , took Place at the Horns-tavern,.. Hackney-road, on took co occasion a large party of subscribers and friends par , of an excellent entertainment, served up in Mr. Spel- . -_,ers.usual good style, and gave great satisfaction. W. Lo k , ollin 5, EN., was chairman, and Mr. Meadows deputy. After the clutla was withdrawn, and the usual loyal toasts given and well responded to, the chairman, Phi lanthropic ,prints words, in a few apro gave" Prosperitv to the Tower Hamlets' Phi 4ent poor, during for afording bread and coals to the indi toast was . g the inclement season ,o,fThtheeilyeeaalrt.;; of f T t h h i e s -„ re .. s received with great applause. t, sesrueut " followed, accompanied by some complimentary oo r:atiottinsilfrom Mr. R T. Tubbs, the late hon. secretary, Who a aent s e ,in conjunction with Mr. Richardson, the prer cretarY, was received amid much cheering. Othe . tea s ' tB, including" The Worthy Host," " The Press," Ste, st. l 9 Late ti,and the harmony of the evening was prolonged untila .-- the when the company separated, highly entertained listhheeaoccasion. This so - Y, which has only been eats the .three years, has given a large amount of assistance to that Illghbouring poor, whose condition in many cases is of complete destitution. r2 TAx ts ON CARRlAGES.—Yesterday a very nume use Meeting of the coaehmakers of London took place at too Freemasons' Tavern, to aid the movement now going ;:io' throughout the country, for the purpose of inducing the ,;; l'reeerirlliselliiceent to re-arrange the preseut unfair scale of taxa ,Tl:llo which pleasure and trade carriages are liable, so as Company n` trade without diminishing the revenue of the country ; Mr. L. Leslie, Master of the Coach was unanimously called to the chair. He zplained that the ' gross number of carriages in the country a B about 150,000, of which 100,000 paid no duty, about .o °oo pony c h a i ses, & c., b e i ng exempted from duty, and auout 50,000 not being returned at all. This was according nto the return of 1848. It was calculated that if all two eeled carriages, and all four-wheeled carriages, excepting !,'. 4o zia in trade, were subject, the former to 305., and the lat 'ilrter to 3/. duty, it would produce a greater revenue than at esent by 10,625/. Several gentlemen addressed the meet. w i ng, and a committee having been appointed, a subscription a a entered into to advance the objects in view. Those who have resources within themselves, who , C ! 01 dare to live alone, want friends the least, but at the sarr„ 1 1roe beat know how to prize them the most,—Eliza cz o k , s Jono naL 321eljetilltil;""D MEXI CAN MINING ASSOCIATION.—At a of the shareholders held yesterday, a statement of the e aff airs of the company was submitted, from which it 'Pl'ears that the receipts for the year have been 26,9421., for the expenditure, including the payment of 15,000/. 2 j the last dividend of 7s. 6d. per share, has been about Q ta '" o /., leaving a balance of about 7,000/. of undivided ..pro- After a long di scussion it was considered advisable to i,...uve the d eclaration of a di v id en d on the present occas i on, Without°r to enable the w or k s at the mines to be carried on o making a further call on the shareholders. CtLeatnsnit 8 ,.,,. ! , -- Or COMMERCE AT SOUTHAMPTON.—A _t_' atm meetingof the town council and inhabitants of South "map on was held at the Audit -house on Tuesday last, the South ma yor (Mr. R. Andrews) in the chair, at which it was nriaaimously 'a greed to e s t a bli sh a Chamber of Commerce f.or the protection, of the commerce and interests of the port. lion 4. committee was fo.rtraed for carrying into effect this resolu .4 The nozeasi y for a mercantile association of this war cter has long beta felt in the town. T E SUN, LONDON .MADLLE. RACHEL AND HER SISTER. Tte inclOperulance of Brussels has the following in a Latter from Paris :—" It is known that Madlle. Rachel has several sisters who are, like her, ac tresses. The one who is ,cost likely to establish a solid reputation is Madlle. Rebecca, who was recently received as a societairc by the Come:iie Francaise. For this young and charming sister, Madlle. Rachel has a lively and almost maternal affection. Malik. Rebecca has lately been performing with success the part of Catarini Bragadini, in Victor Hugo's Angelo, in which her sister has personated the principal cha racter. The last time the two sitters performed to gether, Madlle. Rachel said, as they were leaving the stage after an enthusiastic recall—" My dear child, you have played like an angel ; I. will recompense you—let us go and sup at your house." "At my house!" exclaimed the young actress, greatly sur prised, " you mean at my father's !" " No, no ! at your residence, I say !" answered Madlle. Rachel. " What ! are you embarrassed ? well, here's the key !" Shortly after the two sisters arrived in Madlle. Rachel's carriage in a pretty house in the Rue Mogador, close to the charming hotel which the great tragedian occupies in the Rue Trudon. Madlle. Rebecca fan cied that she was in a dream, or playing a part in some fantastic comedy. They ascended to the se cond floor, and Madlle. Rachel then said, " Now open !" At the same moment the doer was opened, and a venerable-looking female servant appeared with a light. " What, is that you, Marguerite ?" said the young actress, glad to see an old friend. " Now enter !" cried Madlle. Rachel, " and ell is yours !" Madlle. Rebecca, almost stupitled, entered, and found ante-rooom, dining-room, drawing, bed, and dressing - rooms, furnished in the most elegant style, and de corated with exquisite taste. On returning to the dining-room a nice supper was seen smoking on the table, and Madlle. Rachel said, "The drawers are full of household linen—in the dressing-room you will find every arti c l e o f li nen an d d ress y ou can possibly require —one cellar is stocked with wood, another with wine, and the rent is paid a year in advance! Now let us sup, and do the honours 1" FESTIVITIES AT BELVOIR CASTLE. The Duke of Rutland has been entertaining a large party of friends at Belvoir Castle during the past month. The guests have included the Earl and Countess of Jersey and Lady Clemeatina Villiers, the Earl and Countess of Wilton and Lady Elizabeth Grey Eger ton, the Earl Jermyn and Lady Elizabeth Hervey, Viscount and Viscountess Newport, Lord and Lady Stanley, Lady Frederick Bentitick, Lord Ed ve. Fitzalan Howard, the Marquis of Granby, Lord Forester, Ad minil Sir Thomas Cochrane and Miss Cochrane, Mr. and Lady Elizabeth Drummond, Sir Henry Halford, M.P., Mr. Augustus Stafford, M.P., Mr. Baillie Cochrane, M.P., and Mrs. Baillie Cochrane, Sir R. Inglis, M.P., Mrs. Lady Emnreliue Wortley and Miss Wortley, the Right Hon. Henry Pierrepont, Lord Charles Manners, M.P., Lord John Manners., M.P., Mr. and Lady Adeliza Norman, Mr. Victor Drat - 3:)3°nd, Mr. Schetky and Miss Schetky, Mr. Cecil Turner, Mr. Gregory Gregory, and the Rev. P. Mules, chaplain to the "lake. We rejoice to learn that the noble host is enjoying strong health, and that his Grace has fol lowed his famous pack of hounds three days a week with all the vigour of his earlier years. On the off days the Noble Duke has enjoyed the diversion of shooting on the Belvoir preserves, and a large number of pheasants have fallen to his unerring aim. On the 20th inst. a grand banquet took place, at which covers were laid for nearly 40 guests. The entertainment was dis tinguished by all that splendid hospitality for which the ducal seat is proverbial. Upon one of the sideboards in the banquetting room was exhibited, on this occa sion, a very beautitul silver statuette of the Duke of Wellington, which was universally admired. In the evening, the first of a series of amateur dramatic representations took place in the principal saloon of the castle, where a temporary theatre had been fitted up and arranged under the judicious direction of Mr. Augustus Stafford. The laughable farce of Box and Cox was exceedingly well performed by Mr. Baillie Cochrane, Miss Cochrane, and the stage manager, Mr. Stafford. Previously to the farce, the following pro logue, written by Mr. Baillie Cochrane, was delivered by the author with good effect : When energetic objects men pursue, "Tis well to know what they propose to do; Whether a play, or lecture, on Dissent, Or the Colonial Church Establishment; Whether at Belvoir Castle or Colchester We give our bills before we ask a tester. When the old world went forth to meet the new, • Columbus' ship stowed tonnage thirty-two. He thought the smallest ships were best to brave The furious conflict of the Atlantic wave, That fore and aft his little barks might tack Where one of Cunard's ships would break its back. And just so we—small dingy and small crew, We leer no danger while we are steered by you ! Though light our barks, we gaily leave the strand, Sure of success if you but lend a hand. You only clap (on sail) whene'er we pause, And be your murmurs murmurs of applause, No longer doubtful, on our course we steer, For our America is seated here. You'll understand why I am so nautical When you perceive our own Vice-Admiral ! America, appears in every line Because she has given us back our Emmeline. Oh, happy land 1 oh, country warmly blest For soon her sympathies shall be hot-pressed, When Bentley's impressions aptly shall convey Her own impressions of Pennsylvania. But other themes than these should fill my mind. Beneath a cloudy sky and soft south wind— How, in the chase, the foremost Granby press'd, And Forester among the first, the best; Or the kind qualities of Mr. Clarke, The social Crichton of our Croxton-park; Or choose your name, whoever you may hit on, No one has finer qualities than Wilton; Or now, since Popish names we have learnt to prize, How great another Gregory doth arise— So great—yet, unlike Pio Nono, he Haiti built a convent styled a monastery. I say a convent, for I've heard the presses Contain fall space for ninety ladies' dresses. But there are other nobler themes than these — How Melton glows with various charms to please, How every Lodge contains some mystic grace That beams a rival influence to the chase, Such she who sits before me, who can blend All sweetest charms most valued in a friend. Fit spot for her! Here generous qualities May always claim the kindliest sympathies. Fit spot!—ln noblest Stanley we can find How proudest gifts combine with sweetest mind. But tell me, can or rank or power explain, How all hearts here are linked in one kind chain? There is some secret cause, some generous spell, That secret cause let princely Rutland tell. Ale, do not blame me if perchance my mood Involves a strain far deeper than it should; But now, I pray, forgive me by the token Of the illustrious name I last have spoken. I have taken out a licence—no one knows The value of a licence more than Shelley does. So free from licence will our pans be played, Even Sir Robert Harry might have stayed. Now fur the scene, hard task is ours 'tia true, But harder still the task that's given you— 'Tis yours to seize ideas when half expressed, Explain the faltering wit and limping jest, 'Tis ours to awkward stalk or foolish stand, 'Tis yours to laugh, to clap, to understand. A Day after the Wedding was included in the programme, and in this piece Mrs. Baillie Cochrane declighted the audience by her truthful a n d spirituel performance of the heroine. Miss Emme line Wortley's performance of an elderly lady, in the same piece, was also greatly admired, and Mr. Victor Drummond, as Lord Rivers, gave promising proofs of an imitative talent of high order. The performances were to be repeated last night, in honour of the arrival of the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk, and Lady Adeliza Fitzslan Howard, and the Duke and Duchess of Bedford, who were to join the party already as sembled. The Noble Duke's private band, under the direc tion of Mr. Nicholson, is in attendance at the Castle, and playa daily in the guard-chamber during dinner. The hospitalities of Belvoir will be continued until the meeting of Parliament, when the Noble Duke comes to town for the season. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. ANALYSIS OF THE DERBY. The Analysis of the Derby, by the " Spirit of the Turf." announced to appear this evening, is unavoidably postponed until to-morrow. THE PROPRIETORS OF THE FLYING DIITCUMAN.— We can state, from official authority, that the shares arA ' thus allotted in this superb animal, to the partritetsnip proprietary:—The Lords Eglinton and fitrathme . : o , 1,000 sovs. each; Lord Airlie, 500 sera.; Si r r . ArmF tage, 500 sovs.; Sir H. Campbell, sor• . ...Anima and Hamilton, Archdall, 500 sovs.; Messrs. Th- -0 soya.; 500 soya. each; making the votal 5,000 soya Ca.ptatn Mr. in D• I: 1- Igra `...l and Mrs. Disraeli haVetrri ve d at the i r house, ark-lane, for the season, from B urg hl ey. -AIGHTIIOUSES IN FRANCE.—Accordi ng to an official report, there are on the sea-coast of France, at pre sent, 57 lighthouses of the first class. Besides those destined to mark at a long distance the points of the coast, 107 lights of less reach indicate the entrance of the ports and bays of France. Of the 57 large lights, 17 are in the Channel, 25 on the Atlantic, and 15 en the Mediterranean.—Builder. IPSWICH —A steam-machine for discharging coals from the colliers direct to the waggons upon the branch from the Eastern Union Railway has been erected upon the Griffin-wharf, and was brought into operation for the first time on Monday. In addition to the celerity of the opera tions, the machine screens the coals during their transit, the small being used at the coke ovens near by. NUREMBURG.--ITARMONY BETWEEN MASTER AND MAN.—On the 31st December, the workmen of the engine manufactory of Messrs. Cranes and Klette honoured their employers with a festival procession by torchlight. More than 400 such flambe au -hearers ave to the assemblage a very imposing aspect. Messrs. C. and K. bad, at much personal sacrifice, retained all their men during the calamitous year 848 ; and on this occasion they have promi,ed to estab lish, by their Own means, a pension fund for their workmen, which is, however, to be managed by a committee of the men themzelvez.—Builder. LITERATURE. THE DUCHESS. A Novel. 3 Vols. Bentley. The " Duchess ; or, Worean'e Love and Woman's Hate," is an histor;cal romance of the days of Francis the First of France. The theme is the passionate, unrequited, and selfish love of the Duchess of Angou lene', the King's mother, for the heroic, unfortunate, and traitorous Constable of Bourbon. The character and the passion of the impetuous Italian are effectively described and carefully developed. All her efforts to move the imperturbable Bourbon are ineffectual; now rendered desperate by her anxiety, she conde scends to entreaties, and then stung to madness by disappointment, she devotes herself to vengeance, vainly imagining that by effecting the ruin of the haughty Constable she may compel him to seek for the restoration of his fortune by consenting to a union with the King's mother. At the last, when she finds that her revenge has defeated her dearest objects—when the King's neglect and his threatened ruin, instead of bringing the Constable to her feet, have driven him into the toils of the Em peror—when the object of her idolatrous love, struck down while in arms against his Sovereign, has lost, through her instrumentality, not only his fortune but his honour and his life—then, indeed, the wretched Duchess experiences all the bitter agony and remorse of those who havieg sowed the wind must reap the whirl wind. Oteer subjects of interest and other attrac tions there are in these volumes, but all are, as they should be, subordinate in interest to the principal sub ject of the work—the development of the selfish pas sion of the impetuous Italian. Many fair readers will perhaps complain of the comprehensive nature of the second title of the work, and refuse to recognise the fierce passion of the Duchess, so calamitous to its object, as a sample of " woman's love." Nevertheless, as an evidence of the fearful results of an unrestrained selfishness usurping the name of love, the story of the Duchess is an interest ing and not unprofitable contemplation. The Con stable of Bourbon and some of the principal charac ters are well portrayed, and the sketches of Paris and Parisian life, in the time of Francis, are full of spirit, although perhaps a little overdrawn. THE QUEENS OF SPAIN. By Anita George. Edited by Miss Pardoe. Vols. I. and 11. Bentley. The popularity obtained by Miss Strialanu's " Queens of England" has very naturally, and for the public very fortunately, suggested the composi tion of works of a similar character. At the present moment, when in Spain, as in England, the Sove reign happens to be a queen, that country has been happily selected as the subject of another chapter in the history of female sovereigns. The history of Spain is, moreover, fraught with so much chivalrous and romantic interest, that the biographies of its sovereigns must necessarily be invested with a great attraction, and afford occasion for the introduction of many marvellous incidents and in•• teresting episodes. Spain, also, has possessed one of the greatest women uho ever swayed the sceptre of Queen regnant—not only great as a sovereign, but eminently virtuous and right womanly in her cha racter and conduct. Isabella of Castile has long been known and admired beyond the limits of her own country. Her history is the subject of the second volume cf Miss George's "Queens of Spain." The authoress, alluding iu terms of deserved admiration to the great work of the American historian, observes that her opinion of the character of Isabella differs somewhat from that of Prescott. While setting forth the virtues of her admirable heroine, Miis George cannot overlook her faults. Her aim is to be not the eulogist of the individual, but the impartial biographer of the Queens of Spain. As such she merits commendation. FLOWERS; THEIR MORAL LANGUAGE AND POETRY. By IL C. Adams. Slater. This little volume will be right welcome to all who appreciate poetry and to all who love flowers—and who does not? Divided into several chapters, en titled " The Moral of Flowers ;" " The Language of Flowers ;" " Children and Flowers ;" "Fairies and Flowers ;" "Floral Similitudes;" " Floral Ceremo nies;" "Funeral Flowers ;" and " Wild Flowers," we find a choice collection from the works of poets, ancient and modern, English and American. Among these are Mary Howitt's beautiful illustration of the "Use of Flowers ;" Mrs. Hemans' "Flower of the Desert ;" Horace Smith's " Hymn to the Flowers ;" Barry Cornwall's " Lines ton Flower ;" "Leigh Hunt's " Albanian Love-letter;" L. E. L.'s exquisite floral acrostic on " Victoria ;""The Posie" of Robert Burns ; Shelley's "Floral Similitudes ;" Longfellow's "Reaper and the Flowers," and many others. But even more attractive than these entire poems are the chapters on the above subjects, scattered over, as they are, with a profusion of quotations from almost all the poets (for what poets have failed to celebrate flowers ?) The manner in which these flowers of poetry have been selected and classified r€ fleets credit on Mr. Adams, and will prove delightful to all who turn over the pages of his very attractive little volume. This work forms part of Slater's " Select Series." DEANE'S ILLUSTRATED ALMANAC for 1851. In addition to the usual contents of an almanac, this little work gives us a series of illustrations of the genius of progress, comparing the state of affairs 100 years ago with that existing at the present time; thus we have woodcuts, of the waggon and the rail, of the canal boat and of the ocean steamer, of the hand-loom and the power-loom, of the printing-press and the newspaper printing-machine, of the estafette and the electric telegraph, of the old method of ex cavating and the galvanic battery, of the horn lent horn and gas, of the process of the steel pen manufac ture, and of a variety of other subjects. The work is very nicely got up. THE LONDON MEDICAL AND PROVIN CIAL DIRECTORY, 1851. This is the sixth annual impression of this most useful work, and it is much more complete than any of its predecessors ; we have tested its accuracy by referring to various names both of provincial and metropolitan professors of the art of healing, and we have in every instance found the information which the directory gave both accurate and complete. It likewise gives every possible information concerning hospitals, dispensaries, &c., both metropolitan and provincial, and, in fact, on every other subject con nected ivith the medical profession. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, WEDNESDAY.--Orders were received this morning for the Hecate steam-sloop, Commander G. S. Hand, to proceed forthwith to Newcastle, for which port she saikd at 3 P. 31. The Samarang freight-ship embarked three officers end 155 men, 7 women, and 12 children, of the 59th Regiment at Cowes yesterday for Hong-Kong. The Government steam -tug Echo towed her back to Spithead in the evening to await sailing orders. The Anaphitrite, 24, Captain Frederick, went out of harbour to tSpithead yesterday. She will sail about Sa turday for the Pacific. APPuINTMENTB. Woolarca, JAN. 29 ,— Clerk — Harry T. Nettleton (1845), borne on the books of the Fisguard flag-ship at Woolwich, for service in the Woodlark, to the Indelati gabte, 50, at Devonport. • Clerk's Assistant—Julius Ibettson to the Cumberland, 70, at Sheerness, making ready to proceed as flag-ship on the Pacific station. Mate Mark B. PechcA, of tbe. Cumberland, opened a rend( zvous yesterday, at the Ship Hotel, Woolwich, for the entry of able and ordinary seamen for service in that fine vessel; and men producing certificates of good cha racter will be engaged and obtain one month's leave of abbence before being called upon to join at Sheerness. EXTENSION or THE EPISCOPATE.—The Channel Islands contain a large population—quite large enough to tax all the energies of an active prelate. Why might they not form a diocese separate and distinct from that of Winchester? Lord Auckland, the present Bishop of Sodor and Man, has about 9,y thousand persons within the range of his bishopric; surely Jersey, Guernsey, and Alderney, which greatly outnumber that population, might have the advan tage of an accessible bishop, instead of being placed as now, under the control of a prelate whose diocese extends from the boundaries of the islands to the foot of London-bridge. The question of the extension of the episcopate must, ere long, come before Parliament. We hope the Channel Islands will not be forgotten when the arrangements are under con,Qiderti• tion.— The Protector, STAPLEteURSi..;-- tiONEE•TY AND LIBERALITY.— One day hat ';yeek, just after the arrival of the four u'cloci train, 4 101. note of the London and Westtninster Bank was found eatside the station-dor. A battle was on it, which ';as thought to be that or Pnnnett, of Chart Sutton= place, who had tote down by the train, and to whom the tinder, actompanied by another man, immediately took the note. That gentleman would not oViti it, but he most hand- PL;nely presented each br the men with five shillings, and ti'eatrd thrffi With the most liberal hospitality, as a reward of tteir honesty.—.Maidstone lourita4 A MAN BURNT To DEAtit.•-i-jone of the bloat bor. rible catastrophta that has Occurred in this nsighboiiii+Ooti.. for a long time took place on the metntng of Sunday last; An old pensi6ner, named oseph Healey, r es idi ng a t Castle hill-side, nett Aimondbury Poorhouse, in a low Miserable hovel, Without anybody to take , care of Went to Al. mondbury on Saturday night, where he remained till early the next morning. He returned to his home in a state of intoxication, and, there being very little fire in the grate, he sat down in front of the Orel: ate, resting his elbow on one of his knees, and his head upon his hand, stretching bis other leg straight out close to the fire grate, in which posi tion he fell asleep. Some tune during the night his clothes got on fire, but how it is impossible to conjecture; but, they being woollen, would not blaze, but gradually smouldered away. Not making his appearance at the usual time in the morning (9 o'clock), one of the neighbours broke a pane in the window and put aside a thick packsheet which was hung up for a blind, and discovered the man all in a glow of tire. The door was instantly broken open, and the poor fellow was found quite dead and stiff, with a portion of his clothes still burning : the flesh being completely burnt off his legs, so as to exhibit the bare bones. He was in the same posture as when be fell asleep. An inquest was held d w i h et en on the b o d y on the following day (Monday), before Mr. George Dyson and a respect a bl e j ur y, a t th e W o olpack Inn , of af , t , e p r e a a p ti a i ti f e r n o t m investigation, suffocation a t u h d e jbuurryn burning."—H a lf returned a a Guardian. THURSDAY EVENING, JAN UAR 30, REPEAL OF THE PAPER DUTIES. chosen a different course of action. The agitation there, however, he was glad to observe, was extensive and almost unanimous. —(Cheers.) Mr. Joliet CASSEL wished to observe, that the egie tation for the abolition of the paper duties, was not one merely of peper makers, but it was taken up as a national question, and a vary important meeting, the Lord Mayor in the chair, had been held in Dublin. Mr. CHAMBERS (Edinburgh) rose to move the first resolution, to the effect that the duty acted as a grievous tax upon knowledge, by preventing the cir culation of cheap literature of a wholesome character. He said that the question, as it affected cheap publi ! cations, had been much misrepresented in the House of Commons and elsewhere by the opponents of repeal. The course was to take up a large book, and say, " the tax upon this is about threepence, and is it worth while to kick up a row ?" But that was a very one-sided argument. On a volume of a fashion able novel the duty might not probably exceed 1 per cent., because in such a case the expenses of author ship and composition bore a large proportion to the value of the paper; but the case was quite different; in cheap publications, where authorship and composi tion were small figures, and paper formed the princi pal expense. In a work, a single sheet, the money paid for authorship was from 15 to 20 guineas, but that bore no proportion to the value of the paper, the circulation being perhaps 50,000. He used in his establishment in Edinburgh 18,000 reams of paper annually, or 8,640,000 sheets, and on that be paid to Government 3,000/. in duty.—(Hear.) What a deduction was that from the funds applicable for the reward of literary labour ! He might further state that last year he had been obliged to discontinue a publication, which had reached a circulation of 80,000, because on making up his accounts he found that all his profit, 6,2001., went to the Government in duty. Thus was a work destroyed by the tax which was circulatiog 18,0001. annually among trades men and workmen of various kinds.—(Hear.) Some persons would say that they might have raised the price, but that would have reduced the circulation to 20,000, and then the questions of authorship and composition would become prominent. They had subsequently started another at one halfpenny more, which had attained a circulation of from 30,000 to 40,000, just half, and out of that Government took 8001. a-year, exactly the sum paid to authors. They fonnd that it just paid, but were about to discontinue it, one reason being that their American customers had discontinued their orders, and were about to print pirated copies themselves. Those copies would be sold all through our American colonies, and no law could prevent it. What law could guard a fron tier of 3,000 miles?—(Hear, hear.) It might Le urged in favour of the tax that remission would en courage immoral cheap literature, but his belief was that the people naturally preferred reading of a healthy character, and that if the latter could be pro vided for them cheap and abundant, the former would soon be driven from the 6eld.—(Cheers.) Mr. C. KNIGHT, in seconding the resolution, said, that if the first paper manufacturer in the world—the wasp in the garden of Eden—had been so harassed in the use of of his mandibles, as were his successors in the use of their machinery, he would most certainly have stung the exciseman.—(Laughter.) They had heard one representative of cheap literature—the other was Charles Dickens (Cheers) and he (Mr. Knight) had received from him a distinct authority to express hii complete concurrence with the objects of the meeting. He thought it important to mention Mr. Dickens's name at the outset, because it had been too much the fashion for persons of a certain quality and rank in life to turn up their noses at cheap litera ture, and say that it must surely be bad. But when he mentioned, in connexion with their cause, the name of the most popular author of the day, of him who had given delight to thousands in his admirable fic tions—(Hear, hear)—and announced that he had dis tinctly, and as a matter of business, identified himself with cheap literature, and in his " House hold Words" promulgated great questions, that argument could hardly be repeated. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Knight here went through some statistics, which have already been published, showing that the cheap publications exceeded in number the whole of the newspspers in the United Kingdom. To show how the paper duty acted as a tax upon authorship, he instanced the case of a copy right which cost 1,0001. If the sale were 1,000 the price of authorship would amount to 1/. a volume ; but if it reached to 40,000 the price would be only 6d. a volume.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. Macaulay —or rather Messrs. Longman—(A laugh)—for him, had sold 35,000 copies of his history at 325. the volume, but they could not catch Macaulays every day, but sales of 40,000 might be effected, upon which 1,000/. for copyright would fall very lightly, and that extent of sale could only be obtained by the cheapness which would result from a remission of the duty. Having gone into some other details which have already ap peared in his pamphlet, and been amply discussed in the papers, he said in conclusion was alleged that cheapness would encourage bad literature, as well as good, so did the sun which shone equally on the tares and the wheat, but they knew that the careful farmer would eradicate the weeds and cultivate the corn, and so he believed that if they had the sun of light taxa tion they would soon root up the weeds of literature and give the people a rich harvest of intellectual en tertainment and improvement.—(Cheering.) The resolution was put and carried unanimously. Mr. CASSEL moved the next resolution, which stated that the duty having been introduced as a war tax, violated all fiscal principles, and fell directly on the employment of labour. The manufacturer of paper beautifully illustrated that passage of Scripture which said, " Gather up the fragments that nothing may be lost," as from rags and refuse the paper maker created an article worth four millions a year—(Hear, hear) —and of this Government pounced down and took away 800,000l.—(Hear.) The Government was a free-trade Government ; it was a Government which professed to patronise labour, and he could tell them that if they were sincere in their professions, there was no better way of encouraging labour than by taking the tax off paper.—(Hear,) It was said that the Chancellor of the Exchequer had a surplus of three or four millions, but even if he had no surplus he (Mr. Cassel) considered that Government were bound to remove the tax. Having dilated on the powerful agent paper was in the progress of every re formatory movement, Mr. Cassel Proceeded to observe that, even if they did not get their grievance men tioned in the budget, it should not be cushioned in the House of Commons. It should be unceasingly agi tated, and petitions should pour in, as they said in Lancashire, thick, hot, and heavy. He believed that if the subject were properly agitated half a million of signatures might be obtained in three weeks. Mr. S. C. Haar. seconded the motiod. Much had been said of the pressure of the tax on cheap litera ture ; but he could assure them that it was equally oppressive on more costly publications. The Art Journal was now a profitable publication, circulating 20,000 copies monthly, and paying 1,/00/. a year to Government. But it bad only been a profitable work for two years, and for the preceding ten it had been published at a loss; and yet during that period it had paid 6,0001. or 7,0001 to Government. That alone would be a handsome profit ; and so far acted against many useful publications which were now struggling with difficulties. He cordially supported the resod lutioti. Mr. TOWLE, of oxorcii supported the resolution. He said that some time since a machine bad been in vented by which very nice paper could be made from straw. He had bought a machine, and commenced making the paper; but the Government stepped in with the duty and obliged him to relinquish the trade, for the straw for which he paid 30s. a ton to the farmers was charged in duty at 14 guineas the ton.—Gear, Yesterday a meeting of delegates from varieus parts of the kingdom was held at the King's Arms Hotel, Palace-yard, for the purpose of making a,r - rau gements to wait upon the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, and represent to him the various hardships inflicted by the present excise regulations on the paper trade, and the necessity there exists for the tetel remission of the duty. The room was filled with paper manufacturers, publishers, and others connected with the trade. Among those present were Mr. Crompton, who was subsequently called to the chair, Mr. Charles Knight, Mr. Chambers (Edinburgh), Mr. S. C. Hall, Mr. Woolmer (Exeter), Mr. Cassel, Mr. Baldwin (Birmingham), .llfr. Borthwick, Mr. Holden (Manchester), Mr. Collins (Glasgow), Mr. Towle (Oxford), &c. Mr. Huggett acted as secretary. Letters from Mr. Hume regret ting his inability to attend, but promising his support in Parliament—from Mr. Charles Dickens, promising to attend the deputation— from W. .1. Fox with a similar promise—and also a memorial from the Financial Reform Associa tion of Liverpool—were read. Mr. Caomerme, on taking the chair, said that he bad had experience of the working of the paper duties for the last forty years ; that, during tint period, it had been open to all sorts of frauds, and his firm conviction was that the only remedy would be a total repeal of the duties. He Lad with great diffi culty obtained a return of the number of convictions during the year 1848 for various breaches of the ex cise laws committed by paper makers, and would state to the meeting its results. It appeared that there were in the three kingdoms about 600 mills at work, and that in England there had been 43 convictions, in Scotland 9, and in Ireland 30. This alone gave 15 per cent. on the whole number of traders.—(Hear, bear.) How was trade to be carried on by honest men in the face of such proceedings, the more espe cially as even 20 convictions did not prevent the frau dulent trader still continuing his trade ?—(Hear, hear.) Again, the excise W 63 in the habit of com pounding the penalties, in one case having com pounded 3701. for 1001. The whole amount of penalties inflicted had been 10,7611. 4s. ld., of which there had been recovered in England 3,5231. 14s. 3d. ; in Scotland, 161/. ; and in Ireland, 1,3t341. 4s. 2tl. Prom these figures he felt himself justified in contending that if it was for nothing else than the morals of the country, Government ought to get rid of the tax.—(Hear, hear.) On the coarser descriptions of paper the tax pressed so heavily, that the temptation to fraud was almost irresistible, being about 120 per cent. on the cost price. —(Hear, hear.) On the raw material the duty was about 600 per cent., and this while the raw material of every other manufacturing trade had been emancipated from duty.—(Hear, hear.) Some time since the duty had been taken off cotton, at the instance of the manufac• turers, but it had been left qn them, who were only the scavengers of the cotton mills. They took the refuse of the cotton, which was about one-fifth of the whole, and one-third of that they were able to con vert into their own raw material. It would hardly be believed that the tax on this raw material was about 300 per cent. on the value of the article.— (Hear, hear.) Was it right that paper makers should submit to this, while cotton manufacturers had found 8 per cent. on their raw material unbearable ? They were compelled to pay SO per cent. on wrapping paper, and that paper was now being imitated in a non excisable article with such success that it was impos sible to know the paper from the imitation, the only dif ference being that in one case the material was first macerated into pulp, and thus came under the deno mination of paper, while in the other it was first worked up dry, and was called felt. Thus, while another manufacturer was making his felt duty free he (Mr. Crompton) was paying 120 per cent. duty on a precisely similar article.—(Hear, hear.) In fact, to such an extent were frauds of this description going on, that it would be more to the interest of a gentle man entering the paper trade to study how the law might be evaded than to pay any attention to the provisions of the Act of Parliament, He bad for some time turned his attention in that direction, and was now able to make felt on one side of the table while he was making paper on the other.—(Laughter.) He would defy the Board of Excise to charge this article as paper, and under existing circumstances he did not see any impropriety in sending it into the market. — (Hear, hear.) He would now enter a little into the various difficulties which beset the manufacturer of paper. When he had erected his premises he must send for a Government officer to make a schedule and number every room, and every article, presses, vats, &c., in those rooms. Then he bad to get a licence. Then, when the paper wus made, it must be packed in parcels of a prescribed form, a condition which was open to all manner of evasion. Next the num ber of sheets, and weight of each ream, must be stated, and a label provided by the Govern ment affixed. If one of these labels was missing a penalty of 101. was the consequence, and yet he was constantly obliged to entrust them to his workmen. It might now be supposed that the article was ready for the market. But no, the goods must remain 24 hours for the inspection of the supervisor, lest there should have been collusion with the officer, and this delay was under some circumstances extended to 84 hours before the finished goods were allowed to be sent off the premises. All me n of business would appreciate what a loss this was to the manufacturer. — (Hear, hear.) Before leaving its destination it must be entered in an open book for the officer, so that at any time he might take your whole connexion off to another mill if he should b e so inclined.—(Hear.) If you happen to gi ve a wrong direction an officer might seize and cond emn t h e parce l without mercy. The public were hardly aware o f h ow much they were interested in this questi on . A gentleman,a friend of his, who spent about 1,000/. a year in coarser papers, had been much surprised to learn from him that 5001. of that sum went to the Government for duty— (Hear)—and he a man, too, who had to comp e te w it h manufacturers in other countries who wrapp ed u p their goods in duty-fre e paper.—(dear.) H e (Mr. Crompton) had received or d ers from the continent for wrappers identical with th ose used by English houses, in order that the goods contained might be sold as English goods. Thus the goods were sold as English goods, and the foreigner got his drawback on his English wrappers.—(Hear, hear.) Another fact he might mention was, that American agents now came to this country, and purchased the refuse material , which they manufactured duty free at home, and sent into our colonies to compete with English manufac tures.—(Hear, hear.) His fear was that if the duty were not repealed they would soon have to g ive u p work altogether, while, if it were abolishe d, in accord ance with the principles of free trade, which this Go vernment professed, he was not afraid of com p etition with any country in the world.—(Cheers . ) The SECRETARY announced that memorials, signed by 8,422 gentlemen had been received from the fol lowing places during the last few days, and would be presented to the Chancellor of the Exchequer this day (Thureday):— Lymin t aton, Banta. St. Auet4l, Cornwall. Merthyr Tydvil (town) ... (Mechanics Institution.) Grantham. Kendal. • Stafford. Ripon. Portsmouth. 0 Lancaster. Haslingdon. Hey wood. Accrington. Rochdale. Middleton. Darwen. (cotton spinners.) , Bangor. Exeter. ... (Newspaper proprietors.) Grimsby. Piccadilly, etc. Bishopsgate Ward. Oxford-street. Strand. Old and New Bond-street. Berwick-on-Tweed. Gainsborough. Bolton (gentry.) ... (trades.) ... (shopkeepers.) ... (engineers, blesehers,&e.) hear.) Now this paper WWI very well calculated to Garstang. Blackburn. Manchester. Liverpool. Chorley. Glossop. Lyme Regis. Dover. Lancaster. Pontefract. Devizes. Warrington. Wigan (gentry.) (trades), and Hineley (merchants). Canterbury. Preston. Halehaw Moor and Kiersley. . . make a thing nor/ getting very much into fashion — he meant those little ornamented fruit boxes. French men had come over to make them here, but were stopped by the duty, and were now successfully car rying on their trade at Boulogne, and sendingin their work here at an ad valorem duty of 10 per cent. In the mean time his yard was full of straw, and the far mers, his neighbours, were sad and disappointed at _ _ Liverpool Financial Reform Durham (Mechanics' Instl- Peterborough. ,., the l oss of a market which would have consumed 150 Barton-on-Humber. Association. Glamorgan. Reading, tons of straw in the year. He was, in fact, "the last Liaolre eiplainedi"thrsalteYtheseotrose of summee—the only paper maker left in Ox gaCidleworth. tution.) fordshire.—(Hear.) He remembered every river Barnstaple. ..• (inhabitants.) studded with paper mills, and now all but his were Devonport , silent and the owners bankrupt or expatriated. What Pk Te u C th EiAilibiAN Chichester, ' was the cause of this ?He said neither more nor less the time that had blapsed dike the t hatikeilot of tee memorials had Mel the • paper duty.—(Hear, hear.) They hadheard Exchequer bad made an appointment to meet the de been Obtained *Rhin the last tihnty-, da y s beir much of the 'various grievances connected with its col putation• .40h nave vas accompanied with the ad- lection, but there was something worse than all they had heard behind.—(Hear, hear.) He would not tell Tess of the inliisidtei and he had taken pains that them then, but reserve it for a future day.—(Loud ciety than very respectable shopkeepers. When he ne signature: snoiiid 1 e . anti by any lower in so- laughter, and cries of "Tell:') The speaker, however, remained in obdurate pos session of his secret. had gaited of the merchants of Liverpool they The Cu AIRMAN wished, before putting the resolution, said he had Come at a late hour, and that they were somewhat pledged to the abolition of other taxes ; but to say one word to the agricu l tu rists. If the p a p er duty were repealed he would undertake that four times as much straw as was use d a t p resent would be When lie explained the itripottant nature of the duties on paper; the cause had been taken up so warmly that in three days an array of names bad been obtained in consumed by the paper makers. The resolution was put and carried. the towns of Liverpool and Manchester, more influ- Mr. HOLDEN (Manchester) moved the third reso ential and wealthy than had ever before been pro- tion, to the effect that the manufacturing of paper se- Cured, uhleas *hen the lists had been far more nuednied merous.—(Loud cheers.) He also explained that PloYment for women and children. H aan coentteon - cured a large amount of innocent and healthy the many of the instutions, such as the Chamber of imporc atmosphere that this was a question of great] Commerce, could not move without a certain length farmers, as their clear streams and pure the smoky of notice, and their memorials consequently had yet an d remunerative to be forwarded. He believed that they should have north, and thus provide innocent " not for the pre by the morrow memorials from ever y other town of employment for their poor, if it were would soon tempt paper makers from conded the motion, importance throughout the kingdom. sent oppressive end fiscal regu l otion s. The SECRETARY wished to racettion that other Mr. COLLINS (Glasgow) .yse memorials from the metropolitan districts were ex • . rth resolution, ff , petted. That from Piccadilly W 33 signed by 310 Mr. BALDWIN moved th e riot's uses to , • ' a • ' '..ni. w hien it was householders; that front Ozford• street, by 317 home. rig that paper, fromithe which was carried u various first ne '' laaki s ; th at from the Strand, by 262.—(Cheers.applied, an fie e o . .necessity to a civi- In answer to a question, ) was ii said that, coming as he did fro lazed people. e m Anus of many peculiar evils The CHAIRMAN said that there were no delegates Birmi n g ham ' ho w t as W connected with this duty. lie was a maker of coarse 4oni Ireland, as the paper manufacturers there bad naTnaouesoi.o b 5 L paper, and had sold last year paper of that description to the amount of 24,0001. Of that sum upwards of 9,000/. went to the Government for duty.—(Hear, hear.) The speaker here produced some spe cimens of the pasteboard used in making Florentine buttons, and showed how the waste after the buttons were cut out of the sheet paid the most of the duty. He also produced specioasns of papier miteke, and showed the hardship the duty in flicted on the manufacturer of that elegant article. In steel pens, also, be showed that. the ornamental card cost more than the pens, and that half of that cost was duty. Steel pens were made in Birmingham and exported to France, where they were fastened ou duty-free cards, and afterwards undersold the work of their own maker in America.—(hear, hear.) Mr. Baldwin also mentioned the fact that the steel pens which -originally cost 71. a gross were now manufac tured at 7d., and that their ute might he enormously increased were it not for the expense of the card, which in reality cost more than the pens. He had, under all these circumstances, great pleasure in se conding the resolution. Mr. BouTtrwrcre seconded the resolution. He said that the hour at which he rose, as well as the fulness with which the question had already been discussed, admonished him that his observations should be brief ; and, therefore, brief they should be. But he could not refrain from observing that it became him to con gratulate the chairman and the meeting on the fact, that while opposing the most gigantic and discredit able evil that rested on the statute-bock in connexion with finance, they abstained from any of those charac teristics which had disgraced other agitations.— (Hear, hear.) No threats had been held out. A case bad been clearly stated, emphatically enforced, fully made out, and that case was to be carried before the Chancellor of the Exchequer on the morrow (this I day). They would tell him, that they appealed to him as the Minister of a just Sovereige—as the re presentative of a great people, and that, like English men, they were willing to rely on the justice of an English Government.--(Cheers.) He (Mr. Borth wick) was glad that, referring to what Mr. Cassel had stated as to the means of obtaining the abolition of the tax, not only a positive course had been sketched, but an abstinence from injudicious agita tion had been recommended, as most important in seeking the great object they had in view ; and a great object it was.—(Loud cheers.) They had heard from the leaders of modern instruction the mischievous etre.otg of the tax on the progress of general knowledge, and they had heard from their chairman that a customer of his who had paid 1,0001. per annum for coarse paper, did not know that more than 5 per cent. on it was paid to the Government—the Government, in fact, receiving from 40 to 50 per cent. He probably reflected no more on the subject than the chairman's customer. Now he would ask them to consider the case of a man who was anxious for instruction in that which was the most sacred of all knowledge, religion. That man would go to a bookseller's shop and would buy u New Testament for a shilling or sixpence. But in the his tory of our religion it had occurred that a copy of the Testament could not be purchased for as much as would build that magnificent Cathedral of Westmin ster which could be seen from a window where they were then assembled. The King of Arrisgen bad paid half his kingdom for a Testament.—(Cheers.) To what and to whom did the poor man owe the blessing that he could obtain a copy of that sacred book for ls. or Gil.? lie owed it to the skill, the industry, and the enterprise which had been applied to the manufacture of paper. Yet the Government would say, though the national industry bad pro duced these beneficial effects on human education, " we will interpose between your industry and enter- , prise, and their great effects, this abominable paper tax, varying from 300 per cent. to 20 or 30 per cent. at least. '—(Hear.) The resolution just proposed called attention to what had been done by paper, and to what might yet be done by paper. They were told that the uses to which it was applied were so many and various, as to render its cheapness of first value in commerce and civilization. They had already heard how important the paper-tax was with respect to commerce and civilization; hut little had been said about its effect on decorative art,—how easily, for example, the tradesmen's residence could be made to rival in gorgeous splendour the baronial palace—what was formerly wrought by tho chisel of the cunning artist in the obdurate heart of oak, could now be done with more exquisite effect on the plastic material of papier maclie.—(Cheers.) Yet the Go vernment could say to taste and genius, we prohibit you by the penalty of a duty of 300 per cent. from advancing towards these achievements. A witty allusion had been made to the first paper maker, the wasp. But as he could only pay in time, if this tax of 300 per cent. had been put upon him, the consequence would have been that winter would have overtaken him before his nest had been built, and thus his prudence and his industry would have been useless.—(A laugh.) For what purpose had this tax been laid on originally ? Because the bayonets of foreign forces were drawn against the people of Eng ' land, its Crown, and its greatness; and the Crown, in that strait, said to the people—" I appeal to your loyalty ! for the dignity of the Crown and country, and for your own protection ; pay me taxes on every thing, aye, even on paper, the medium of your ad vancement to knowledge and the arts." And the people, with their wonted loyalty, answered—" Take it—take it for a temporary purpose ; until you succeed in repelling this invasion, you are welcome to it." But the Government had forgotten the reciprocal duty that devolved on them from this contract. Thirty years of peace now had run on—with many intervals before the last great war bad broken out— and etill the Government bad forgotten to return to the people that which the people had lent them. — (Cheers.) At length the Committee appointed to in quire what were the duties that ought that to be re pealed—the Committee over which Sir Henry Par nell presided—recommended that leather, paper, and glass were the first things from which the duties should be removed. The report of that Committee was just. since that time, other taxes had been named for removal by other Committees. But the Government pledged itself by the first Committee ; and they should be now required to fulfil their pledge —the first promise—the first in order. Leather was free, glass was free, and that meeting called on the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on his honour as a Mi nister, and on his solemn duty to the Crown, to fulfil I the whole promise, and to wipe away the leper duties, as a foul blot on the Legislature of England.— (Cheers.) Mr. Towle had called the ailentien of the meeting to an important subject. Up to that time they had spoken as more or less directly in tereated in the repeat of these duties, and they wsre quite right in so doing. Ti l ers. would Ilie hypocrisy in the very pretence of denying that they were interested in the repeal. But there were other classes of the community, the agricultural population of this country, who, all admitted, were, at this moment, undergoing great suffering, likewise interested.—(Hear, hear.) The labouring- classes had undoubtedly benefited by free trade. He (Mr. Borthwick), as an old-fashioned Tory and Protec tionist, admitted it; indeed it would be madness for any Protectionist to pretend to deny it. But while the labouring classes were well off, it could not be de nied that the farmers were suffering for that which had benefited the rest of the country. What bad Mr. Towle said to the meeting ? He had reminded them that paper-making did not seek a habitation in the smoky and dense atmosphere of cities ; but that its haunts were in the rural valleys, that it courted 'Livid streams and pure air ; that it would go to the barnyard to purchaee straw from the farmer; that it would go iv the hedge-rows and make use of the bramble, that Vow idly wastes its foliage in the sun , that it would pick up the waste refuse of farms, and employ the surplus labour of the agri cultural districts—labour that every English man's heart cannot but oche to see crossing the wide ocean, and seeking in foreign lands that reward denied it in England.—(Cheers.) He trusted, it ahould not be said with truth, that the cause of this emigration was, that the honest heart of English labour was driven from its English home by an act of the English Legislature.—(Cheers.) They were told that by the repeal of the paper-tax they would increase the labour given in this country to the extent of 500,000 additional hands. Should these #ooo,oco hands be employed by paper makers—shoutd ere 2. now closed be re-opened—should new mill: _ „ c v ap T —should an impetus be given to enterpritso he the poor tai—should employment ha afforhdeed manufacturers, labourers, it would not only' be t r w h o would find te but the hancellor of the Exch e q ee ristic of this tax out that the most odious eiht into the Exchequer a was that it prevents fro . ra fonsbinto i t The greater revenue than that would be caused by the increase of employmenitt taxab l e would so increase the abolition of t of goods, that a larger consumption be paid to the revenue than sum would which they now asked the the 800 „ ' W e l " Chancellor o. thew Exchequer to remit out of the three mil li on s of surplus at present in his hands. nothing could be more ludicrous than what had been pointed out by the chairman relative to the sheathing of ships and the coarse paper used for the binding of books. The Excise-office was not able to say what was paper and what was not. Two materials were placed before the Board of Excise, and when asked which was paper and which was not, they could not tell, but they thought both were paper.—(A laugh.) What was the difference? Ingenuity had discovered a mode of producing paper without making the ma teriel wet. The paper was made from the same material, only it was not wet. He (Mr. Borthwick) had read in the chairman's speech at Manchester that be had shown an officer high in the Excise some of this material, and had told him where it was lying e in great quantities in London. B ut the otliceri erre not go and seize it, because the mak er could say b was not a drop of water used iu it s manufacture. This was nothing less than the Liovcraus ent makiwg themselves tempters to evil, ineiliteg ingenuity to come mit fraud. The extent of this disgraceful fraud was great in Ireland, in Scotland. iittle, and in Eng lend sofflethieg more. He (Mr. Borthwick) had heard menufacturers say, and urge it an the Government, that they doeired to get rid of the paper tax, if for no other reason, because they wished, when they should retire from the trade, to leave it to their children end heirs unstained, as a trade, by that vicious character, which made it alinost a disgrace to he thought a paper maker. The inequality of the tax was another consi deration. Paper made from the finest materials, from linen and cambric, and that made from the rags which poverty itself had discarded, and from the produce of the farm-yard, had to pay the same rate of duty. This was a monstrous injustice—(Beer, hear)—but the broad characteristic of the tax of which they had ell to complain, was the great fact that labour, in the action of transferring the rags o f poverty into the most elegant materiels wed by the rich—which coin municeted the burning thoughts of Byron, of Scott, of Dickens, to the world at large —w ee taxed In the manufacture to an extent that denied t o l a b our 300 per cent. of its natural value. In no sin g l e i nstance could they appeal to the Government to repe a l a tax whose repeal would solargely benefit the whole public as this tax on paper. The repeal of the window tax, of the soap duties, would benefit many ; the rem ova l of the malt tax would be of advantage to light lands ; the taking off other taxes would be advocated on many plausible grounds; but there was not any other tax against which so many arguments and so powerful reasons could be brought as against this tax upon paper.—(Cheers.) He (Mr. Borthwick) moat hear tily seconded the resolution. The resolution was carried unanimously. Mr. SMITH, of Bingley, in moving the fifth resolu tion, said he thought one of the speakers had stated that this tax had been laid on to maintain inviolate the shores of our country. Mr. Boueuwrce.—Yes., in the reign of Queen Anne. Mr. SMITH—Then they were coming to the Chan cellor of the Exch:quer to demand the settlement of an outstanding debt, instead of a boon.—(Rear.) The Chancellor of the Exchequer would, doubtless, talk of the sum produced by this tax as 800,0001. That certainly was the gross sum brought into the Exchequer; but when that went into the right hand pocket, whet went out of the left ?—(Hear.) First, there was the expense of collection, which he believed must be 5 pr cent, but he would say 3 per cent. The CHAIRMAN—The Government acknowledged it to be 71. Mr. SMITH remarked that all his experienoe made him believe that that was the teal amount. Then there was the drawback in exported goods, on the paper used in printing Bibles and Testaments. Then there was the Government stationery, and, indeed, many other payments out of the left-hand pocket, which very materially reduced the 800,0001. received by the right hand.—(Cheers.) Paper making was a trade, too, which afforded a respectable and regular support to its workmen, and was less liable than other manufactures to fluctuations, which threw workmen and their families on the public purse for their main tenance.—(Cheers.) It was therefore a trade which ought to beeileouraged on public grounds. Mr. E. WcoLmEn:seconded the - motion, and, as re prGisenting in some degree the newspaper press of the West of England, w - -sured the meeting that in bbat part of the realm they were determined to use every legitimate and honourable means to get rid of so ob• noxious a tax.—(Cheers.) The resolution was carried unanimously. The sixth and last resolution was moved by Mr. J. DUNCAN, and seconded by Mr. P. G. BARNBS. It provided that copies of the resolutions and memorials be respectfully presented to the Chancellor of the Exchequer. It was carried unanimously. On the motion of Mr. 13ouniwicit it was resolved that the resolutions be advertised in all the daily and weekly papers. Mr. I.3ALnwiN, in seconding the above resolution, announced that although no memorial bad that day been presented from Birmingham, the town council and the merchants of that town were preparing peti tions to Parliament. A vote of thanks, proposed in most complimentary terms by Mr. Charles Knight, and seconded by Air. Fetter, was given enthusiastically to the chairman,. The CHAIRMAN acknowledged the compliment. lie bad for twenty years been devoted to the object for which the present agitation had been organized. His strongest incentive for taking that course had been a principle of hostility to fraudulent traders, and the consummation of one of his most ardent wishes would be achieved when it was entirely out of the power of any man to take an unfair advantage of another in the way of trade.—(Cheers.) lie had pursued his object steadily and with energy, and before he had asked the public for a single shilling he had expended 1,0001. He would pay deference to no man in point of energy, and now that he was supported by so general a feeling, and so much of the talent and enter prise of the country were enlisted in the cause, be would, if it cost him a thousand a year, agitate until their efforts were crowned with success. Subscriptions to the amount of nearly 1,0001. were announced, and thanks having been voted to the Chair man, the proceedings terminated. THE PAPER DUTY. (From theillornizig Post.) The expression of public opinion in favour of the repeal of the oppressive tax upon paper becomes tinily louder and more explicit. Dublin, and Edinburgh, and Manchester, and Leeds have already spoken emphati cally upon the subject. While we write, meetings are, we perceive, being held in various other parts of the United Kingdom, and the proceedings of a conference, which took place yesterday at the King's Arms Efotel, in Palace-yard, are reported in our paper of this day. To this significant and most important demonstration we invite the special attention of our readers. The meeting was attended by gentlemen who, it ap pears, are to present to the Chancellor of the Exchequer this day memorials from almost all parts of the country. To these documents are appended nearly nine thousand mimes of grew; weight and respectability. To such an appeal as this no Government can lend an inattentive ear. But were the agitation less energetic, and its results less palpable, the arguments advanced by Mr. Cromp ton, Mr. Charles Knight, Mr. Chambers, Mr. Cassel, Mr. Towle. and other speakers, are so cov,eut and irre sistible, that it seems impossible for financial or poll ticel ingenuity to meet them with even a plausible an swer. The tax, it was shown, was imposed in the reign of Queen Ann, when foreign war and domestic turbu lence united to present an emergency, under which alone so monstrous a demand on the part of the Crown could have ban even listened to. Alternations of peace and war had since that time succeeded each other; and now, after the duration, of forty years' peace, and with a surplus revenue of nearly three millions, this grievous burden continued to press upon industry and enterprise, and the advancemtnt ut sound education, of science, and of sit. The malignant operation of the, tax u:on the manu facturer was eloquently glom-Riad by Mr. Crompton. lie showed that from the time when the paper-maker I begins to construct his mill, until he has delivered his goods to the merchant or consumer, a series of inquisi torial and vexatious interferences, scarcely less injurious than the enormous pecuniary sacrifice of 300 per cent. upon the value of the material, encounter him at every step. We might here quote the graphic description of Mr. Crompton, but we prefer referring our readers to the epeech itself, which will amply repay perusal. Mr. William Chambers and Mr. Charles Knigkt, in moving and seconding a resolution, referring to the in jurious effects of the paper-duty upon literature of every class, proved by incontestible facts, and most for cible reasoning, that genius eves of the highest order is either unemployed or stinted in its fair rewards by this dreary incubus upon general know.ledge and wholesome popular instruction. Public opinion, it has been truly asid, is stronger than inernoesomnsaildledra armies. But the e ff ect of the irnpos: i s, " lion upon this most powerful arnpe evert its operation guidance of licenti * gree, to poison its character, The many are either left to t. the publishers of clis and those which such n and immoral p u blicatiop o l —e iosu r , works as Chambers' Pe r press of Mr. K u :. d - m r" teed from the profl e udnentertaianireng_ Family ' llerald, m — us r t . Biggs inBtructiveans which barely suzmounted by extensive. encounter diffieulti! t sales almost incrediboty Still, a , we haveo f ten had occasion to re mark, the most odious feature o this moat odious tax, is its cruel operation upon labour. On this point, the epeech of mi. Towle, the only papermaker in Oxfordshire who bus been able to keep his mills open, and that, as he tells us , not by profits, but by the aid of independent pro perty, is most striking and instructive. W hat was said also upon the benefits which must ac crue to agriculture by the abolition of this duty issiesPn• cially at this moment, deserving of the most careful attention. The surplus labour of the rural districts may find employment. Straw, the produce of the farm, may ' be mixed with the refuse of cotton, and grow, under the application of industry—at present languishing in un willing idleness, or exchanging useful occupation for the workhouse—into a fabric in universal demand, an d of almost infinite utility. We cannot to-day enter more fully into the considera tion of this great question. 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