The Sun. — London, England, 1851-12-26 00:00:00

....------' vitb, 80 00 I. geg" THE BRAZILS. to 04 ' 21 bee; I ' 4" • Je er° bay, On • fora of 13 Ide ali o' d "u D AY.) DA- 1. • 5 1 of Bvg co l,l ii „ been pc Fred' . but I°l d b to w Dana r ites nr ices ry, a rts T h e hur ter ,. ;50 clut ir flo p was " 1 a d D de, ono g oes ling Tb, ionel* ory Y was 0 111 Ale a ll t or ee` e ether detai l t heas Dt lo diaa Losi• ts. 7 s. 44 0 10 4,99 t o 1 0,90 0 of De ° 0 1 to deir oi o los t i fele 9l aso r— icegs ides v, trO a l es , 0 0 * iy r ice , lot. if 11 C a as 3 '1) 21/ O O at 2 4 4 )0-, 6 0 3 I ° A II :.16 rig" l II° rig" ' t lo* o ivf fon° le fi ( 00'0 , P J 0 A 0 9 i 0 i ::9 3 ; r Lo 116, A 51 1 0 0 1 1,06 f r °4 d fed / ~so f bieb 15/ 1° rice" ,pivg Piled! id; itd‘ 8 0 tO 1101i ti : 1 ; th , fi lott it' ij; 35 j to viro gds g e e, 0 0 i 0 6 '3, 3 1 so LIVERPOOL. TIIURFDAY EVENING. By the arrival of the clipper ship Columbus, Goble, commander, from Pernambuco, after a run of 28 days, we have received advices from Pernambuco to the 27th ult. The busy season in exports was only just commenc ing at P ernam b uco , b e i ng ab o ut six weeks later than st year. The receipts of sugar were daily augmented, but prices were too light for general business, the pur chasers principally being for native ports. The quotations were, first and second qualities, White, 193. 7d. to 1/ ss. ; third and fourth ditto, la. to 1/ Os. 61.; fifths and sixths ditto, 17s. Gd. to 193•; yellow, or Muscovado, 15s. Gd. to 165.; re gulars, 14a. to 153. Most purchasers of sugar Were waiting the advices from England by the No- Vember steamer. Prices of cotton had declined. Regular first qua litY was quoted at 51d. to 5$ d., and superior 511. to S id. per lb. The receipts for the last 14 days have been 1,415 bags, making a total of 9 , 515 bags si nce last July. The Bonesta bad engaged a cargo of cotton f or •Liverpool, at 7 -161 is of a penny per lb. The Mary Queen of Scots was loading a cargo of cotton at Paraiba for Liverpool, at id. per lb. The Titania has been chartered for a c srgo of 'tiger for the Channel, at 355. to 40s. per ton. Exchanges dull at 293. to 290. The English barque Chusan, from Valparaiso, ~,,a rr „ived at Pernambuco on the 22d ult. seeking 4rei g h ts. William following sailed from Pernambuco : — T he 1 7illiam Russell, with 1,400 bags of sugar ; Water .l", with 1700 bags of sugar ; and Henry an d Mar h'",ette, with 504 bags of cotton, all free for Liver roc" and the Martiada, for Lisbon. O UIS NAPOLEON BONAPARTE AND THE AFFAIRS OF ROME. As allusion has been frequently made of late to the ~4 et, t' addressed by the President of the Frenc h Re public to to M. Ed ga r Ney, on the subject of the ;Affairs ."'this°tne) we republish this celebrated letter, and take opportu n ity hi of stating our belief that it gi ves ex- L,eBBlon to the real sentiments of Louis Napole on '', ll aParte. 011 the 18th of August, 1849, Louis Nap oleon thus ate to M. E:lgar Ney, his own °Meier d'Ordon :°e°l then recently dispatched of Sept. 7' " Elysee National , Aug . 18, 1849. t tI 4 ,RY dear Ney,—The French Republic has not sent tlon " t r r ulY to Rome to strangle Italian liberty, but, on the "3', to regulate it, by preserving it fr om its own to e r ases and establishing it on a solid ba sis—b y restoring isi, r t 2, Pontifical Throne the Prince who at the first 1"u himself boldly at the head of all use ful reforms. learn with pain that the benevolent intentions of the oaFather an d our o wn deeds remain unfruitful in gequence of th e influence of passion and hostile feel re It • - re*. is wishe... to h ave as the basis of the Pope's Q e _n proscription nnd tyranny. perm on rt, to Ih lra t ROSIONO, that it cannot be tted, under the 1 0 ,_7" of the tricolor flag, to commit an act derogatory 4 11 , chara cter of our intervention. th 4 e Q um up thus the re-establishment of the power theA °Pe—a general amnesty, tho secularization o . ad ministration the Code Napoleon, and a Liberal Government. mt. a - e itec e i • • Lrietd, h l i j e ) , my dear Ney, the assurance of m y sincere It h “Lotus BONAPARTE.: Pr e as always been stated by the friends of thehs ow pdent t h at those wis views were d e feated by pukinisters--men of " the party o f order," who to retested against the Court of Rome being coerced - °at Eur o p e opposed to the interests " order" through , ,t A , THE MURDER IVEAR BATH. tro -11, DEC. 24.—This morning James Evans was taar tliht up •• A• p for re-examination, charged with the wilful ti oids - • ot George Bush, at Priston, near Bath, the par the • ra of which', together with the evidence adduced _ oi r „ . _. , ea rluest on the body, have already appeared. The remain eti;elo stances of this most atrocious murder still disch.,, Pgd in a great deal of mystery, and Evans was res7 o ;il e d this afternoon with an intimation from th e . that should any further evidence be forthcoming are him he would be liable to be again taken up. We kr, vd ) r Ty rtied that both Professor Taylor, of London, when fteraPath, analytical chymist, of Bristol, to /t „heth ; e l for the purpose of their determining as i s ms 1 . 4; i " - ' 0 3 7 were able to show that the blood found on bti" -agB o f the prisoner, who, it will be remembere d, 014610014 _ or h oth b o 3 r 7 w t i r s a e d , e, was, as alleged by him, bullock 's replied that from circumstances the tectii, not determine the point. One of the London de b fo rce, named Thornton, is still engaged in en tato U R ti n i g to find a clue to the perpetrator or per . pe- t ''vac r- i.. ° ` this horrid murder. The evidence aga ins t to tiS -8 ' 43 been very incomplete, and although not called ileiyapeoYsti.lB,lo/unirear- t7,forliko,oswsholoiciotoooridstoaotemdpltehtaetlyhe bad wit the the chare brought against h e i x m o . n . Pro ve r inquired whether it was Mr. Slack's intention to I srvi o : n tk a libi, to which he replied in the . affirmative, ob aktio.Luat he could show that at the time of the trans 'Qouso the Prisoner was at the Ring of Bells public [ an d that be was not absent therefrom more t h an th is titer of a _ u hour. Great excitement still preva i ls . ti ‘f i f;t l i,_ rt: " th t t:d neighbourhood in regard to this myster io us justice room today was thronged, d °l 4e n cr owd had collected outside. It appears p ret ty an °as t t hat the murder must have been committed by kiellees-r la .son racing i alone hence the _di ffi culty the p olice expe t home. 41e°,1er4:41 ~,,,, -_7_—. --- fro 4 t ed 8- " L A B. —The name of .Christ. Da ta the mantader to the lovers of friendship fr i od • - ekendearing socialities connected with the maansd has h i ever a ity gaiety 41-le exuberance of the feelings amid scenes of 1144,,Ilaturally induces the fair and . youthful to shine to babi3,‘ahgne_ under the gaze of many friends; and hence pro- B u"_Wia ~7 arisen the enormous sale that has attended 1" 1 / 4 1 ni t e hA 8 X-dydor Rowland's Macassar Oil, and Rowland's weli.j o °r Pearl Dentifrice at this period of the year._ The 4 3co N .: ) , N vil and highly-prized virtues of the above happy Pena e :i ; e s have, iu many instances rendered their use in t c i t i l til e°ll 4 , le e • t ° courtly elegance • and, as long as a beau ls are 14 -h_4l°o, luxuriant head Of hair, and teeth of pear li t e si, thei r Sway must remain undiminished. 'l lk 41'1Is ht or TT Je w. —Yesterday M. that I , S B , . A H UNGARIA N 11:44:,1!Y,W'hiloavitiV: of Hungary, and a member of a Jewish 110briti cou s et stated to have taken h art in the recent ci I renounced the 1 404 ear re l igious 7 e , rs w n i a t s h ien Ko i s n sut pub the belief of which he had e Christian"ght up, and_m . a . de ' a profession of his faith in the religl, arn a ,_,ber, a ...._, at Trinity Chapel John-street, Ld . gwa d the . ' 4 „ b ra l .ed to Liu Withmerous and respectable congregatioo ha y At the conclusion of IkeehaapseiiellnahryY t na h o e rn u e i s n e a g tn sWi n c r e e , mon d - . a sermon adapted to the H a er n schell the minister of t e 1 444 a ' U tal. llBllB4 atl;isr r. it f a t ti h O e ll, ascended' the pulpit and_ •44tri t e s ,:'toentin E n g li sh motives which had induced YOWL cu ange his reli it of • after which the Rev. W. ammativey a the n 1! adtn;nistered the n rite s n of li ' atism to M. Reuse, wil try 1 t e l l s w t e e r e b a . riati a _ !In as to his full and unqualified belief in the pu il veritis. series of interrogatories pro ''''4 / :( 4 0/ a i ,aTattOPY THE FREE CANCER HOSPITAL. 1 1114 s. -W lad Y resid' g 'n Berkshire, has offered fiftyh r ei ,.. e !a, to b e ', Pain in M i a n reh i next in aid of the funds of the. viti eci‘.;:pcer 1-1 in ‘ - ospital, Cannon-row,' Parliament -street, pro f° for th --e,e en ,_ other be forthcoming at the time dresa e l '" charitable similar sums Communications to be ad etereed to theehainn li n urose. the Hon. Colonel OgilvY, theVest „sblilleterr3'' air- W. J. Conkrell, No. 1, Cannon-row, pro " ." e can hardly doubt that this most generous per "as wail be rendered available, and that benevolent p 41 :i be found to make up the required amount. ; 1 TitmItICHOLY DEATH OF A SPECIAL PLEAD ER 'Peci lt i" 4E xPLE•- Yesterday morning Mr. J. DouFlaa'le was f ,, Pleader, who resided at No. 3, Garden-court, Temp ! hi hi s dead in lais chambers, having a very deep wound deees,'ad, that penetrated the skull. It appears that h h Nta e , v d was a bachelor, and on his return home on C rist and ,_, l t is „,!, he remained in his sitting-room for some time, nith s- vMsed that t . •lii to his bed-room he was seized th verti g on re i . ri g . tore e ke„ inflicted 0, and fell aainst the key in the door lock, when -, the wound, his weight acting against it i,aw,„ "fg, c a .7. the bone. On the laundress arriving in the morn th4,, immediately called in surgeon, of Mr. Hutchinson, x_ tiaet'ee:Y-lane who attended promptly, but life had been e 3, e4.4 e aoop e v 'half-an-hour. Te deceased was about sixty f_ tae of a ge. Had there been a bell with which the un theor vteth,,, gentleman could have communicated to alarm tjiiiffilah, hislife might have been saved, as it is conjectured 4- ilk ~" must have had sufficient power, when the wound was [ecei ve ,, , ltni. ~ to have done so. • HERE ."ollt. -,IDENTIAL ESCAPE OF THE BISHOP OF Lhapf." -- ; The Lord Bishop of this diocese, with his son and "'bal, in' (the Rev. Mr. Cox), and his coachman and foot- - 44 1 is /,,, a ,,_ ,, a most providential escape on Monday evening last.. had l eft th I ).'ahle's carriage, drawn by a pair of horses, h just car e , e Palace, and was proceeding up Broasl•street, w en ! deat, l l4 contact with a hand.truck, which had been acci -11 ke hp Y left in the road, near the Green Dragon Hotel, by la - Pers on coaches for aidewho had come to meet one of the aide g e ' The carriage was turned completely over on its ~ , throwiof Mr. b ( ) !l gan ng the footman almost into the shop `'is 'druggist, but happily without considerable injury. rally ordship and other occupants of the 'carriage were natu from the i s V eltio n tnue h alarmed, and extricated themselves kept in hie 8 „, - ,eis speedily as possible. The coachman was Zt1i,:..,b9 the leather apron of the carriage, and he sustained Sight' alight bruis e .W e happy to hear that neither ,_ are the 1 th e '"V• Prelate, his son, nor Mr. Cox, sustained any hurt t e th accident, which may in great measure e . b attributed a ol t i' l l s lowness with which the horses were being driven • afterwards to (ti tle gY were all enabled to preceed shortly were on, th Nv e . i th Lord Sae and Sele, to whose residence , they o ne l e ,„ 11. Way when the casualty happened. rhe splinter-bar, 4 1irth e "'P, and the windows of the carriage were broken; much da. r,,,,.._ r than this, the accident terminated without alia; It is very remarkable that the truck, an extremely ia t t en ‘, one, had scarcely an mark uon it- merely a . trifling the - ` a tien from the carriage and a small splinter on ei de. 0m -- Hereto c o rd Journal. r • hed b erde r 11 ,, ty r-Y, CounTs.—There have been pubhs ~ y_ !I : i ti er if t i ne House of Commons, returns of the sums received nier the fees by each assistant clerk of the County Courts, ta- 01 1 ,h 'a County Courts Bill, in each year since the es h 114,, i t ' o lelat of the County Court; and the sum paid over b y ,ach eh t .he chief clerk in each earthe sums allow . . r o 'or r , o " t ief clerk, where appointed to more than one distric , as- Of clerk; of and the sum paid over by him to each ask -a th e (2 e , •-rit.; the places of residence of each chief cler t lear est , ( AultY Courts, the distance of his residence . from the s o tte t , d ,,; (3 ,nria of his district, and the number of times he has r Oai net ran that district, and the number of days he r.e trict ; i n each place where the court is held in each dis- C,, r ,_and of the residence of each high bailiff of County Of h;,.t.he .distance of his residence from the nearest town thatl, nistriet, and the number times he has attended in Plae:ilstrict, and the number of t 6 , w here the b Nearly all t h 7 clerk s .„,, board is held in each district. , "Y btl 9 ,7' high bailiffs reside in the court towns to which gr SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROM THE MORNING FAPERS OF Ti1I; DAY. TIllES.—Some time will probably elapse before the causes of that late change in the Foreign Depart ment of the Government will be fully known to the I public, and we must leave it to our Ministerial con temporaries to anticipate, with an authority to which we lay no claim, the explanations that may be ex pected on the meeting of Parliament. But if the true ' state of the case between Lord Palmerston awl his former colleagues be still enveloped in some mystery, it is at least important that this rupture should not be imputed to erroneous and discreditable motives on either side, and that the conduct of the Queen's Government should not be prejudiced upon random and injurious cenjectures. We disposed yesterday of the fiction of what hes been termed the " Grey conspiracy," and we deny that it can be asserte d with any shadow of foundation that Lord Palmerston has been ejected from the Cabinet by a personal cabal against him. On the contrary, the high sense of his abilities which many of his colleagues entertained, their confidence in his long familiarity with public affairs, and their ad• miration for his powers ofdebate, contributed to make them anxious to retain his services in the Government, even under circumstances which had not uufrequently tried their constancy and their friendship. In truth, the only enemy to the duration of Lord Palmerston's power in the office which he filled was himself. No other hand could or would have overthrown him but his own. No attack has been directed against him ; and since the termination of the debates on the foreign policy in June, 1850, he has enjoyed a singular exemption from public criticsm. The acts and proceedings which have led to this rupture were entirely in his own power, and might have been regulated by the general policy of the Govern ment ; but if it was otherwise, no one is so much to blame as the Minister who, in his own department, sets at nought the authority and opinions of the rest of the Administration. A more serious but not less unfounded imputation on the Government is the sup position that the removal of Lord Palmerston from office has been instigated by the agents of foreign Courts, or that a difference of opinion had arisen in the Cabinet on the subject of the French refugees in this country. It is long since we were first told that every one who differed from Lord Palmerston's politi cal system was to be denounced as the hireling of some foreign power; and Lord John Russell himself once thought it worth while to indulge in the claptrap asser tion that his late colleague was not a Russian, or an Austrian, or a French, but an English Minister. In our eyes the question is simply whether he was a good Foreign Minister for England ; and on that point we infer that Lord J. Russell has ceased to hold an opinion different from our own. The question of the refugees deserves some further explanation, for though we wholly discredit the statement that it is in any way connected with the recent change in the Cabinet, it is a matter destined to exercise considerable influence over our relations with the Continent. Some weeks ago the French Ambassador in London was instructed to remonstrate, with considerable force, against the facilities afforded to French refugees in this country for devising and preparing plots against the tran quillity of France; and an offer was made to adduce abundant proof of the abuse of British hospitality by these foreign fugitives. More recently the three northern Powers have presented a note to the same effect, couched in equally vigorous terms, and suggest ing that measures should be devised by the wisdom of the British Government to prevent this country from being the seat of clandestine hostilities against several of the friendly Powers of Europe. To these notes we are not aware that any answer has yet been returned, and the subject is doubtless under the con• sideration of Ministers. As far as the dignity of this country and our ancient and undoubted rights of hos pitality are concerned, we can but anticipate but one reply; for no difference of opinion can have occurred on such a point, though it is open to dis cussion whether it be expedient in any country to allow to foreigners an unlimited right of abusing, for their own political purposes and at our expense, the hospitality we afforded them. But, we repeat, this subject was not the cause of the division in the Cabinet; nor is correct to state that the chief pres sure on this point has been applied by Austria or Russia. The first application was made by France ; the proximity of that country, the multitude of fugi tives from her successive revolutions, and the inse curity of a Government that deals so largely in plots and other violent m easures,constitute a far strongercase than that against a few Hungarian or Polish refugees in London ; and we believe that Louis Napoleon has not scrupled to ask for the limitation of an asylum to which he twice repaired in the days of his own licat ad- l ve rsity. To such an appion th e Government wil no doubt return a fitting answer ; but if anything can render even measures of proper precaution repugnant to the people of England, it would be the notion that they have been exacted by foreign States. But this matter, though important in itself is irrelevant to the principal subject of our present remarks. Speaking, then, from the best information we have been able to collect, though not from any Ministerial authority, we believe the main cause of the rupture between the Cabinet and Lord Palmerston to have arisen from the different views taken by the two parties of the late revolution in France, and not only from a dif ference of views on this, to us abstract question of politics, but also from an equally marked difference in the mode of dealing with such an emergency. Lord Palmerston's opinion, as expressed by the morning journal which is his exclusive organ, was that of un bounded approbation and admiration for a successful coup d'etat that annihilated the liberties of France : the opinion of the Cabinet is said to have been one of regret at a change which transferred the French people from constitutional government to military absolutism. The former opinion expressed itself in terms of highflown comendationlatter, though not unfriendly to Franc m e under any form of Govern ment, was disposed to adopt a tone of greater reserve, We ourselves have trace d caution, and expe ctanc y . sinamoeurmcoomrreenstpoonfdtehnecsee ftrwomo.dPiasrainsettheaenxdisitnencocnesaisttethnet lines of policy. The communications described the other day by our Paris correspondent as having been a made by a member of the British Gov personage of note at the Ely Eee were strictly authentic. the a Their existence was de nied by organ of the Foreign-office, probably be cause they had nated from that department. Those communications expressed, we believe, the settled views of the First Minister and his Adminis t r ation ; but by a singu larity which we would hop e to be unexampled in diplomacy, they did not correspond with the mis sives and instructions of the Foreign Minister. In short, the discrepancy of opinion which appears to have manifested itself on this occasion is said to have been followed by a divergency of action, which may have amounted to what is g entl y termed insubordi nation. If this statement be correct, as we believe it to be, without vouching for its entire accuracy, it was clearly impossible to carry on the Government on such terms, the deliberate opinion of the Admi nistration was stultified by one of its own members ; and even the position of her Majesty's Ambassador abroad rendered perplexing and contradictory, On one point we entertain no doubt whatever, namely, that the direct causes of this schism were the highly favourable opinions which Lord Palmerston ostenta tiously expresse d in p erson, and b y his public organs, of the late military revolution in France, and the measures be thought fit to take in conse quence. We leave it to his admirers to reconcile their passion for liberty and constitutional Government in all parts of the earth with his sudden adoption of a cause which has already violated every law and extinguished all freedom among the most ad vanced nation of the Continent. But this also we know, that while it is the policy of England to main tain a system of amicable relations with France, it is no part of the duty of the British Government to affect an approval it cannot feel for acts so contrary to every principle of political right, and so little calcu lated to strengthen the happy union of the two nations. We recognise the new French Government, whatever it may be, without the least hesitation or hostility, for it rests with France alone to determine her poli tical condition; but we cannot forget that there are principles to which the people and the Government of this country are indissolubly attached, and that to swerve from those principles is to forfeit the best tenure of office and of power. DAILY NEWS. —We have always expressed a high opinion of Lord Palmeraton as Foreign Minister of England. No man holding that position has ever striven more earnestly for the cause of Constitutional liberty. His active interference mainly secured that blessing to the Peninsula. His negotiations chiefly contributed to endow Belgium with independence and with a monarchic Constitution that has hitherto defied revolution and anarchy infra muros et extra , as well as any form of government i n Euro p e, Lord Palmer ton's more recent efforts in Italy were stimulated by generous and noble policy —going the length of endowing that country with constitutional govern• ment, and not going beyond that aim. If these efforts failed—and if the failure and the misrepre sentation of these efforts have bad the effect of making England, and its Foreign Minister, disliked by the Absolutist Courts, that may be an inconvenience under certain circumstances—but, it is no crime. And yet with this tribute of admiration to Lord Palmerston, we know that he bad faults, and, amongst others, a great and irremediable one. He bad been far too many years in possession of his late office. It is the misfortune of England that her statesmen and placemen stick far too long by their benches. What the country wants is not an admir able Crichton of a secretary, but a relay of politicians in all walks and classes. We want statesmen, not merely in the Cabinet, but in Parliament. It is cot for the interest of the country that it should be told such a Minister must continue to hold office because there is really no one sufficiently capable or in structed to be able to replace him. This it is that 1 peoples our Cabinets with lords,—an eternal succes- THE SUN, Mon of lords—as if the sphere of commoners in this the acceptance of the United f ;bites Government. It life was to play second fiddle to lords, tied up and is to be apprehended that flee excitement prevailing adorned with red tape. 'What we sould like to see among Transatlantic politicians with reference to would be a new Foreign Minister every three years, as ' questions which unhappily have far less claim on their they have in America, where they are never at a loss attention than bone fide schemes for the material ad for one. Focal! these reasons, and retaining our admire- vancement of their country, will prevent any decisive tion of Lord Palmerston, we are quite reconciled to his steps being taken in Congress to give effect to the resignation, provided it has been brought about by general sentiments of the American public in favour circumstances—not dictated by the alarm or fasti- of Mr. Whitney's views. The rhodomontade to be ex diousness of the Court—not brought about by the changed with M. Kossuth, t!ae re-agitation of the cunning intrigues of Russia and Austria, and Anglo- slavery question, and the abs orbing topic of the next Austrian diplomacy ; which is so fussy in the society, Presidential election, will, in all likelihood, render the and so influential with one portion of the press, of the labours of the Federal Legislature exceedingly barren metropolis. We shall all probably learn the reasons of useful results. It is also not improbable that the for his retirement from the speeches of Lord Pal- delay which has taken place at Washington in de merston himself, who, if lost to the Cabinet, will tiding upon Mr. Whitney's plan, may have rendered doubtless be found in the House of Commons, and be it impracticable for the United States any longer looked up to there. Flagrant and immediate opposition to afford the facilities which at one time existed is not to be looked for from that veteran official. But within their territory for the construction of the that he will be found in his place, and that any act Pacific line. Happily, however, it may not be im of foreign policy, subservient to the despots of the possible to carry out the work on the British side of east of Europe, or implicating England in the dynastic the border; and a few weeks may determine whether struggles or interests of the Continent, will find in or not this enterprise, which the violence of party Lord Palmerston a ready, an able, and an inevitable politics has indefinitely and unwisely postponed at denouncer—that at least we both look and hope for. Washington, shall be transferred to British ground. Meantime we are glad to be told that the seceassion For our own part, we have felt so strongly the de of Lord Palmerston may lead to the re-construction sirableness of carrying out, if possible, such a scheme of a Cabinet upon a broader basis. To be sure, the of communication, that we have repeatedly, during first step—the appointment of Earl Granville—far the last few months, brought the leading facts and from widening that basis, may be said to narrow it. arguments connected with Mr. Whitney's project But if the change leads to the acquisition of Re- under the notice of our readers. Since we last ad formers, and to opening the doors of the Cabinet at verted to the subject that gentleman has had the good length to men of the people, it will be a good sign and fortune to have his plans discussed, in his own Are a goof deed. And we may place some credit on these sence, by distinguished men and learned associations, assurances ; for without something of the kind the to whose opinions, in all matters connected with Whig Cabinet cannot and ought not to stand. We science, the English people are accustomed to pay are entering evidently upon a very difficult and knotty much deference. Nor is their influence confined to period, both of domestic and foreign policy. Our this countay merely; for any judgment which may financial system and commercial prosperity are bound be strongly pronounced by the authorities to whom we up with both. Too many councillors cannot be con- shall presently have to refer cannot fail of being suited on such a crisis; too many interests cannot be respected in every part of the civilized world. called to take an active and conditional part in the Coming to England as the expositor of a scheme guidance of the nation. Time may possibly bring which was very imperfectly understood out of the necessity of great resolves, entailing great sacri- the United States, Mr. Whitney had the good fives, and these cannot be decided by a clique, either sense to see that his best chance of success lay in the of courtiers or politicians. Let not, therefore, the Times adoption, from the very first, of a perfectly frank and prattle to us of the great strength that is to accrue to straightforward line of conduct, and in a total avoid the Cabinet from increased union. No doubt, a Ca- ante of all those airs of assumption and mystery which binet consisting of one Prime Minister and half-a- too often accompany and mar the promulgation of dozen striplings as clerks, would be a very united new projects. He was evidently well aware that, if Cabinet. But such union can scarcely be called be was to produce any deep and lasting impression in strength. The people of England are not so very this country, it could only be by submitting his plans anxious for unanimity in Cabinet Councils by obe- to the most .unsparing scrutiny, and by being ready dience of the many to the one. They are more in- at all times to consider and answer objections. He terested in having a Cabinet, the members of which pursued this course, and the result did not disappoint may not so very perfectly agree, but who, viewing him. At first he found but little sympathy, and he affairs from different points, and in the light of dif- met with formidable opposition. His data were dis ferent interests, may carry in their final decision a puted, and his practical conclusions were held to be larger/ sympathy from the country, and especially exceedingly questionable. Still he persevered, and, from its untitled and industrious classes. strong in the integrity of his purpose and in the It is to be hoped that a sense of what is needed for boils fide nature of his proceedings, he was their own self-preservation may prompt the Whig more successful in converting opponents, Government to do what neither reason, justice, nor satisfying objectors, and winning the cordial far-sighted prudence has hitherto led them to yield. confidence and support of impartial persons, The Cabinet, after some few shiftings and modifica- than perhaps any other American who ever visited us tiens, remains as essentially exclusive and o ligarchical f o r th e purpose of promoting a commercial enterprise. as it was when first ushered into being in 1846. This result is the more honourable to him because he Circumstances have changed, and with them measures achieved it without resorting to any of the usual arts have varied in turn with every wind of heaven. M au l e , o f a p o p u lar missionary; and we are not sure that the and Seymour, and Granville, have been a dmitted to influ en ce which his visit has produced, in giving us the Cabinet, and the names of A uc kland an d Pal- b e tt er an d juster views of the sterling American cha merston are no longer found upon its list. But the inter, will not be among the most important of the jealous and greedy character of aristocratic mono p o ly i n di rec t benefits which will arise from the discussion is stamped on it as conspicuously as in the begin- of his project. One of the first scientific bodies before ning. The grasping and insolent spirit of clique which Mr. Whitney laid his views was the Royal has up to the present hour prevailed. There is not Geographical Society; and although it was generally a merchant nor a man of science, a manufacturer or acknowledged among those who heard him on that a man of letters, not even a soldier or a sailor of pie- occasion that his scheme was ingenious, there was no beian rank and fortune, who is permitted t o s h are l ac k o f o bjections of the most fundamental character. in the administrative council of a realm which, but It was, we believe, at the meeting referred to that for the worth, and wisdom, and work of the classes Captain Fitzroy and Mr. Robert Stephenson both ex we have adverted to, would be but a third or fourth- pressed themselves, in terms more or less decided, ad rate state in Europe. Hitherto it must be owned that verse to the project. Other public bodies and meet the position of parties in the Legislature has seemed t o ings were addressed with very much the same result. favour the fond dream of the Whigs, that this lucre- Mr. Whitney then made his appearance before the tive and agreeable scheme of rule by family com p ac t B r iti s h Association, at its late Ipswich meeting, and his might be indefinitely prolonged. They were fortu- scheme there under went a searching discussion, the nate in possessing three or four men of great ability issue of which was most satisfactory. We believe and experience ; and no disaffected section was strong that it had the effect of producing a complete change enough to take the reins out of their hands. So, th e in the sentiments of Captain Fitzroy and Mr. Ste hereditary bureaucracy said unto its soul—" Take phenson, and that both those eminent authorities are thine ease, job, blunder, and be merry; tomorrow now convinced of the practicability of the enterprise. shall be even as yesterday, or yet more abundant I" We understand also that Sir Roderick Murchison, the Recent events, however, may well serve to awaken President of the Royal Geographical Society, having Whiggery from its selfish dream. Its lamps surmounted some early misgivings as to the sound are gone out, or beginning to burn dim. If ness of the project, rendered most material assistance new light be not speedily borrowed from some to Mr. Whitney in his later proceedings in this friendly quarter all will soon be darkness. country. And whilst, on the one hand, the support Whatever may have been the proximate or remote of the most distingui s hed scientific authorities has —th e real or assigned—causes of Lord Palmerston's thus been accorded to his scheme, it has been duly removal from the post he so long occupied, and what- appreciated by capitalists on the other.l Offers of the ever success may attend the experiment by which it requisite means—in return, of course, for correspond is proposed to supply his loss in the department over ing grants of participation in the profits of the enter which be so long presided—it is plain that his retire- prise—have been made from several quarters ; went must materially weaken the prestige and power but, in the present state of the negotiations of the Administration generally both in Parliament with the American Congress, they have necessarily and in the country. The personal qualities which been declined. Such offers are, however, of great contributed to render the ex-Minister popular his importance, as indicating the opinions of those bitterest adversaries never have denied, and the energy, who, leaving to others the philosophy and the theory courage, and versatility which he brought to the per- of the undertaking, concern themselves mainly with formance of arduous and varied duties admit of as little its practical merits as a commercial speculation. We question. In the House of Commons he was emi- have more than once alluded to the impediment which neatly a favourite; and it were difficult to imagine might not improbably arise to the realisation of Mr. any sufficient reason why his popularity in that as- Whitney's scheme within the United States territory, setnbly should be less after he has thrown aside the in consequence of the pre-occupation of all or most of trammels of office than it has hitherto bee n . If th e the lands on the western side of Lake Michigan, and drudgery of having to pull blundering colleagues and on the belt of country which, in that region, would subordinates out of the mire, was not able to form the eastern terminus of the line —or, to use in quench the spirit of his humour, or to quell the this case a more appropriate word, its eastern " delta." audacity of his bearing—what may we not expect The occupation of those lands is proceeding with when he enters the course unweighted, and when the great rapidity , and Mr. Whitney is, we believe, pre falterings and shortcomings of those who have repu- pared to find that, by d e l ay i ng to pass t h e Bill o f au dieted his veteran aid, will have became fair game thorisation, Congre ss h as i n e ff ect d epr i ve d it se lf o f for the damaging candour of his pity, if not the po- the means of granting the requisite powers and feel fished irony of his scorn ? Assuming that the Pre- lities for carrying out the work, In that event, mien is in future to shape and guide the foreign policy however, there still remains the parallel belt of of the country, and that Lord Granville is, in fact, ceuntry on the British side of the frontier. It is cer• only to do the courtesies, hospitalities, and other cir- tain that the line could be made through that terri cumstantial details of the Foreign-office, it is no tory ; and if, from th e cause to w hi c h we h ave ad v erted, doubt possible that in debate the change may not a t the American scheme should fail, the alternative first be felt so strikingly when foreign affairs are the thus offered will, we trust, be duly considered. There theme. But, with the exception of the First Minister, is no question of national rivalry in this matter. Pro there is nobody on the Treasury B e nch c apable of vided that the line be made, it is of little consequence encountering such an assailant as the evicted Viscount, whether it be constructed within the American or the To these considerations must be added the certain alien- British border, or American or British settlers. What istion of support and renunciation of forbearance fr o m we want is the railway, and the hearty co-operation professed opponents, which his withdrawal will inevi- of both nations in making it. This is emphatically tably cause. There were many occasions during the one of those works which are fur the whole world last five years on which Lord Palmerston's i n fl uen c e and for all time—which are toe gigantic in their scope was found useful by a f e eble G ove r nme nt, b o th i n and too universal in their influence, to become the securing lukewarm allies and neutralising doubtful mere property o f any single nation — not even of ene mies. The Whigs would probably care less for empires such as those whi c h obey the laws of the the loss of intellectual s t reng th if t h ey were sure o f Federal Republic or bear allegiance to the British not suffering a diminution o f vo t e s on cr iti ca l divi- Crown. Mr. Whitney has recently returned to sions. But when both are i nev itable an d i m p en di ng , America, leaving the great project to which he it manifestly behoves them to take active measures to has devoted himself in a position, so far as regards recr uit from other quarters their impaired and shat - this country, which must be highly satisfactory to tered force. Lord Granville may be a cce p table at the friends of progress and improvement o n both Court, and rather a favourite i n th e H ouse o f Lords. sides of the Atlantic. He came amongst us almost But as regards the stability of a Liberal Administra- a stranger, and he was, perhaps, not entirely de tion, pledged to reform, the extension of education, void of those prejudices and apprehensions which and the maintenance of tree-trade, w hat d oe s the are prevalent in American society with reference inoffensiveness of the new S ecre t a ry o f St a t e to English treatment of Transatlantic schemes and signify ? It is in the House of C o mmons that enterprises. He soon ceased to be a stranger, and he the struggle must be waged. It is there that the has carried back with him the most abundant testi issue must be determined during the res idue o f the mony that neither the attention nor the support present Parliament : and it will in no trifling degree of Englishmen is withheld from men who, like him, depend upon the impression made upon the m i n d o f present themselves as the honest, straightforward, the public by the incidents of next se ssion w hat the and intelligent representatives of projects that are predominant party colour of the new P a rliament w ill sufficiently solid to sustain a thorough examination. be. If, as in 1841, ridicule and shame are h ea ped by He can report favourably of the old country. He elated adversaries of mingled hue upon the arrog a n t can tell his countrymen, that if we have had a and obstinate monopolists of power, the general elec- somewhat longer national experience than their own tion will inevitably prove, as in 1841, a knell of poll- Republic, we show no signs of senility—and, in tical doom. Yet, exclusive as they were then, the particular, that we are as far as possible from being spirit of administration is, if possible, still more so deficient in that readiness to appreciate and foster now ; and disheartened and effete as the expiring great and daring enterprises which is sometimes said Cabinet of Lord Melbourne was then said to be, it con- by superficial observers to belong almost exclusively tained beyond question a greater number of men of to the United States, and to be the distinctive feature real ability and deserved weight in the country than the of the American character. But he can tell them Cabinet of Lord John Russell at present contains. more than this. He can say, with the most perfect We point to no individual, or sot of individuals, truth, that there is in this country no feeling of hos whose pretensions to office we would be supposed as tile rivalry towards them ; and he may refer, in proof desiring to recommend. Such a task were invidious of this, to the reception which we have given to his and mischievous. We shall not incur the reproach of project, and to the cordial interest which we have seeming to undertake it. What we contend for is, manifested in the success of an undertaking by which a great popular right—a great national principle— their welfare and our own would be alike promoted. that exalted office should be open—not as of fa vour, but as of right—to men of talents, virtues, and attainments, no matter to what class in life they hap pen to belong. We want to see equality of conditions in this respect established. We want to see the in sufferable usurpation of the landed oligarchy in this respect broken down. Personal preference and selec tion from among competitors equally fit must always be left, in some measure, to the head of the Admini stration. What we contend for is, that his choice be not limited to a narrow clique, or bounded by a rule of wrongful and insulting popular exclusion. CHRONICLE.—The rapid progress which the United States are making towards the completion of a vast and intricate network of railway communica tion, not only between the populous towns and dis tricts in their territory, but through regions remote from civilization and difficult of access, is one of the most striking features in the social and industrial his tory of the Confederation. For example, recent in telligence from New York announces the opening of the Hudson - River Railway, one hundred and forty three miles in length; and notwithstanding all we have heard about the " mere tramways" of America, the first complete journey over that line was performed in three hours arid a half—or at the very respectable speed of rather more than forty miles an hour. But, of all the schemes of this description which have ever been brought before the American people, Mr. Asa Whitney's plan for a railway from Lake Michigan to the Pacific is unqestionably the most important; andit is probable that during the session of Congress which has j ust commenced it will be finally determined wbe -1 tiler or not the project shall be pressed any further upon COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, DEC. 25. There was no addition to the Royal dinner party last evening. The band of the Grenadier Guards was in attend ance at the Castle, and in the evening her Majesty's private band attended, and performed the following selection : Overture, " Zanetta" Auber. Chceur et Couplets, Chceur et Marche de Bceuf Apis, " L'Enfant Prodigue" Auber. Quintetto, "IL Barbiere" Divertissement, "Le Prophete" The Queen and Prince Albert walked in the Home park and Slopes this morning. The Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and younger members of the Royal family, walked in the Home-park. Her Majesty, his Royal Highness Prince Albert, the Prince of Wales, and the Princess Royal, the ladies and gentlemen of the Court and the domestic household, attended Divine service this morning in the private chapel of the Castle. The Hon. and Rev. G. Wellesley officiated. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent was also at the service. Dispatches were received at the Colonial-office yesterday from the Governor of New Zealand. The Prince of Wales's tutor, the Rev. Henry Mildred Birch, MA., Fellow of King's College, Cambridge, has been admitted a priest of the Church of England by the Bishop of Lincoln. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 26, 18b1. THE lONIAN ISLANDS. The Corfu Government Gazette, of the 27th Nov., publishes the following correspondence : Palace, November 26, 1851. Most ill us t r i ous Vi c e -P res id en t,—l h ave received from my resident in Zante copies of the depositions i taken by the local director of police, respecting the par ties principally concerned in the publication of No. 10 thatesta of the Ri gas, which contains, as you are aware, the most open a n d insolent repudiation of the political system established et din these S tates , un d e r the treaty of P ar i s , appear e d in the lonian press. I need only call your attention to the following Passage:— pressed through our representati " What! while we are masters to decide upon our own fate—while we have a sovereign will, to be ex right, by peaceful, but invinci ble, arguments, to declare, another longer p e l t i re presentatives—have we not the unhindered, through the medium of our independent e h n a r ve ge7 you er n a e s r s o ? u r protectors—novv e dem and Assembly, our unalterable d etermination no longer to ours, by the incontestable and • inalienable right of nations! What! are we not masters of ourselves? And can wo not send you whence you come,miserable • beings that you are, who, for our ill fate, have to hate v ele s . y ti o n u y —7 . trodden under foot this land of aradise, convert ! mg is into a hell—a source of death and tears." It appears by the evidence of Signor Constantino Rossolimo, th e p ropr i etor of the printing-office called " Zacinto," that when the manuscript of this was brought to hi m h e d ec li ne d to receive it, fearing artitchlee responsibility that must att ac h to i ts publication. The printing of the Rigas was delayed for three days by this difference between himself and the responsible editor ; nor did he give way until the municipal officer, Signor Giovanni Lisgarit, came personally to the printing-offic e and, by persuasion and threats, repeated on more than one occasion, induced him to fulfil his contract. This statement is confirmed, in all its parts, by the depositions of Giorgio Pandasin, and Gerasimo Calichl, servants of Signor Rossolimo; and I am consequently compelled to conclude that the most active agent in pub lishing, and circulating, a document, every line of which contains a seditious or treasonable suggestion, was a person, who, not three months ago, took an oath as mu nicipal officer to observe and respect the lonian Consti tution, which is identified with British Protection. Under these circumstances it becomes my duty to de termine whether I can allow the outrage upon decency and good faith, committed by Signor Lisgari, to pass unnoticed. I have tried proceedings under the present law for regulating the liberty of the press, in the case of the pamphlet styled " Ta Kubernetika Anthroparia"—which have terminated in an unanimous acquittal on the part of the jury, notwithstanding the clearness of the facts, and the enormity of the provocation—and the defence, as you are aware, consisted mainly in the allegation that the Government had helped to produce the evils, of which it complained, by allowing articles equally sedi tious to remain unpunished. I am therefore forced to recollect that large powers for the prevention of political crimes are vested in me, as the representative of the Protecting Sovereign by article 4, section 2, chapter 7, of the Constitution. It has been the desire of her Majesty's Government, as it cer tainly has been mine, to use those powers as sparingly as possible, and I was prepared to give them up, in June, 1850, had the Assembly thought proper to adopt the substitute proposed by some of its most distinguished members. I have borne for two years, with a patience which no personal attacks have altered, insults and calumnies un paralleled in the annals of any civilized community. I respected the errors of a newborn liberty, and trusted the remedy to time and the good feelings of the lonian people. But in proportion as these have begun to ope rate the designs of the disaffected have assumed a more desperate character. My reluctance to use the powers of high police has been attributed to fear, or to doubts as to the concurrence of her Majesty's Government, in mea sures which the state of these islands imperatively calls for; and I feel that the time is come, when I must either support the friends of British proteotion, and rational liberty, by the firm, but temperate exercise of an autho rity which has been used to a much greater extent than it has yet been by me by the mildest and most liberal of my predecessors, or surrender the loyal and well-affected population of Cephalonia and Zante to the tyranny of the anarchical faction. I think it right, therefore, to apprise you and the Se nate publicly that I have directed the banishment of Signor G. Lisgail from Zante to Fano, as a proof of my determination no longer to allow treason and open re sistance to the law to be inculcated amongst the pea santry of the Southern Islands in the name of "Natio nality," and under the mask of " religion." I have to deal here with conspirators, not with a political party, recognising and acting within, the limits of the consti tution. I have the proof in my hands that designs dan gerous to the peace of these States are now in agitation, by men of desperate fortunes, residing beyond the reach of lonian law, but corresponding and acting in concert with the principal members of the Risopasta party. I know that foreign funds have been applied for the pro motion of these designs; that the most unscrupulous use had been made of the name of foreign Powers, in order to delude or intimidate, the people; that falsehoods and calumnies have been systematically circulated to excite their hopes and to inflame their passions; and I might justly be charged with betraying my duty, both to my Sovereign tied to these islands, if I were to permit such attempts to be carried on, until they produced some dis astrous collision, while I have both the right and the power to prevent them, without overstepping the limits of the constitution. I regret that the island of Zante should be deprived, by the measure which I have been compelled to adopt, of the services of one of its municipal officers; but the fault lies in the original selection. The constitution has vested two distinct powers in the Crown and in the people; but the rights of a constituency cannot annul those of the Crown, or debar her Majesty's represen tative from exercising them, when he rinds it necessary to do so, for the maintenance of public tranquillity. I have the honour to be, most illustrious vice.presi dent, your most obedient humble servant, H. G. WARD, Lord High Commissioner. The Most Illustrious Sir A. Damaschiuo, K.C.M.G., Vice-President of the Senate, &c., Corfu. Corfu, November 27, 1851. Excellency,—l have acquainted the Senate with Mile contents of the message which your Excellency did me the honour of addressing to me yesterday. The Senate deeply lament the circumstances which have obliged your Excellency to have recourse to ex ceptional measures, availing yourself of your constitu tional powers, for the preservation of order. But since your Excellency, responsible as you are for the publio tranquillity, relying upon well-known facts and proofs, which you say are in your hands, has deemed the ordinary laws insufficient, and the exercise of extra ordinary powers indispensable, to prevent a collision which threatens the public peace, the Senate cannot ob ject to the decision. The Senate certainly feels that the Government ought, in no instance, to step out of the sphere of the ordinary laws, and that i ,the greatest respect towards individual rights should be observed, in dealing with parties con stitutionally opposed to the Government, who exercise their liberty of opinion by legitimate means. Such parties should be considered as the soul of a re- STEAMsentative system, when by their discussions they en- CARRIAGES ON COMMON ROADS. P re boththe Government andthe publicthe Bath, TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Bath, Dec. 10, 1851, detects of the existing laws, p o i n t out ill ega li t i es, de nounce abuses and acts of injusti ce , di sc l ose t h ere b y t h e Sle,—Permit me, through your medium, to offer real wants of the people—and co - o p erate w i t h t h e Go to the public some remarks on the prospectus of the vernment, al hough occasionally differing from it, to projected steam carriage company, entitled " The wards the formation of such an enlightened publio Gloucester, Somerset, and Wilts Common Road Steam opinion as is entitled to deference and respect. Carriage Company," which appears in your adver- But the case is very different when an ill-defined poli tising columns. For some time past I have exerted tical liberty gives rise to an anarchical party, which in myself to procure a private subscription for the pur- all its movements tramples under foot the fundamental pose of constructing an experimental steam carriage laws of the state, the respect due to the public authori to run on turnpike roads, and succeeded in getting ties; and, not being able to ov e rt h row the ono or the other, forms itself . into an organ of agitation, discord, and nearly the required amount subscribed ; but just as it was nearly complete, a doubt arose in the minds of internal i casee mm otio n. is still worse, if to such a party belong fume. many that the subscribers would be exposed to an tionaries, who, after taking enlace under the established unlimited amount of liability, in consequence of which laws, and after having solemnly sworn to respect, and I returned the subscription list to the party, and pro- give them execution—rebel against those laws, and seeded to head another list for subscribers, drawn up e openly violate their oath. Under such circumstances, by one of the most able solicitors in Bath ; but even great social evils are inevitable. _ The immediate come this did not remove the doubts of the most influential quences of such examples, are the want of respect to the part of the former subscribers. Thus circumstanced, sacred right of property, and to the still more sacred I submitted to several subscribers who were not de- right of personal security. The more remote, but cer terred by the doubts of others from continuing to tain consequences, are general distress—the overthrow advocate the project, the plan of forming a public o f pn i bl n ic en o e r n d t er a — n d d a d n a g n er er to tn the nh te n o l p i l b e e , rt tt then s en a company, to be duly registered, so as to remove the body ertain c ly becomes ' the duty g oflacompetent and the authorities objections and fears of the timid. The plan was not to perm' the people to be overwhelmed by these c •t highly approved, and forthwith adopted. dangers; and to hinder, by well calculat e d p revent i ve It will be perceived that it i s d rawn up w ith a d ue regard as to the amount of liability—it canno t exceed measures, the excesses into which it might b e h urr i e d , as it i s also the duty of the Government generally to gua -ss. per share without their own consent, because, rantee the liberal institutions already established. after the experimental trial is made, it is proposed I trust your Excellency will pardon the length of this that any subscriber who may wish to withdraw, may answer, but the Senate conscientiously feels itself called do so if the majority of shareholders determine to upon, especially on this occasion when this correspon dence is about to become publi c , t o o p en t h e eyes of the continue as a company for pr omo ti ng th e o bj ec t. Such is the confidence of the talented :engineer who governed—to subversive ideas, p u t whichth em must upot i their compromiseguard ttainst. those has offered to construct the said carriage, that he has of every liberal institution, and hinder the furtheerxlesxtetnee consented to subscribe for 406 shares, ankh!. made sion of those political franchises, which, if wisel y en such proposals as will enable the company to effect well-applied, could not but ameliorat the condition and e of the construction of the carriage, for an advance of all classes of the people. Every one knows that no -2001., equal to the power of ei g ht horses •; and thing is so fatal to liberal institutions as anarchy although no doubt whatever is entertained of its per- this is inevitable when that respect which is due ; and to the feet success, yet with a view to the possibility of laws is lost sight of, and when the Government is failure, it will be constructed of such strength as to polled to use e ith er extraord i nary measures to recvoennit, be converted, at a small expense, into an agricultural or force to suppress the designs of those who attack its engine, by which means the loss cannot possibly ex- legitimate authority. In such oases the promoters of teed from Is. to ls. 6d. per share. Under this assur- the do orders are le in fault, but . th e danger and the injury are eo. ance I hope the public will readily support a pr o j ec t p p The Senate, in so far • • admit, will which, if successful, will prove not only very remu- , a S its attributions always study to secure Constitutional franchises nerative to the subscribers, but be a great national ' - for the Coos already obtained their amidst the unex advantage and public convenience.—l am, &c. proper effe c ts, Petted and grave difficultieswhich have presented THOMAS MOTLEY. themselves, and to the path the t progress P.S. After a careful examination of the probable from being cloied prevent The vital points they unreservedly expense attending working the engine, including wear confide as swell` t the liberal sentiments and excellent and tear, and every expense, tolls, duty, &c., we have . intent'of ouro Betsey as to the good sense of the ions y Excellency no doubt but that passengers may be very profitably lonian people. conveyed at the average speed o f 10 t o 1 2 m i les per I have the honour to be, hour, say from Bath to Bristol at 6d. and ls. each, 1 Your Excellency's most obedient servant, from the middle of one city t o th e m id dle of the other • A. DAMASCEINO. 1 merchandise and parcels equ a ll y reasonable ' To his Excellency e ncy Sir 11. G. Ward. G.C.M.G., ; and as there will be neither sm o k e , steam, nor noise attend- Lord High Commissioner, &c., &c., Corlu, ing the patent steam carriage proposed, 110 inconve- 1 FATAL AccIDENY IN THE WEST INDIA DOCKS,— thence or danger of frightening horses need be appre- On Wednesday an inquest was taken by Mr. Baker, at the hended. I will only add thatnearly of . London Hospital, on the body of Thomas Henry House one-third the grove, shares are already agreed to be tak en. 1 aged 30. The deceased was a shiprigg er , an d on Thursday last was engaged in repairing a mast on board the brig •,..,....,,......,....im imm...,,„..... Sidney, then lying in the basin of the East India Docks, veiled ON THE Surt.—Throu h the fog which pre- Blackwall, when he lost his equilibrium, and fell heavil oil veiled in Manchester yesterday g between two and three the deck, whereby he sustained a compound fracture of y the o'clockin the afternoon, two spot; were visible on the sun's skull, from which hi died on Sunday. Verdict—Accidental disc to the naked eye. They were situated vertically in re- death. spect to each other, a little above the centre of the orb, The Peel monument at Montrose is to b 0 a free lili s slightly towards the eastern limb. The upper one was re- stone statue, nine feet in height s markably distinct, and was visible to the most transient , ,on a pedestal twelve feet t u l gu• ; g l artee,--Nanchoter ,Examiner. A TRAY-EI:LIP, NIUS. A man who had bee n an unsuccessful delver in the mines of Georgia, on hearing the thrilling news of the gold placers of California, had his spirit quickened within him; and, a lth oug h he had arrived at an age (being about 60) when the fires of youth usually cease to burn with vigour, fixed his eyes upon the far dis tant and but little known country, and resolved that he would wend his way thither, alone, and Without that indispensable friend, money, of which he was destitute. Under such circumstances it would not avail to attempt a psssage "round the Horn," or by the more uncertain, and, at that time, unperfected route, across the Isthmus ; but, as California was on this continent, he knew that there was a way there, though it might lead through trackless deserts and barren wastes. These were not enough to daunt his determined sprit. He bent his way to the " Father of Waters," and worked his way as he could till he found himself at "Independence," in health, and with no less of strength, and with 150 dollars in his purse. He had no family to provide for, or even companion to cater for on the route which he was about to enter, yet some things were neces sary for himself; and, to relieve his body from the pressure of a load, he provided himself with a wheelbarrow upon which to place his traps. It must not be supposed that our hero was ignorant of the large numbers of emigrants that were mo ving over the pl a ins ; and it is quite probable th a t h is sagacity was precocious enough to look ahead a t th e resu l t of attempting to carry forward such ponderous loads and such a var i ety o f a t l eas t dispensable things as the earlie r parties starte d w i t h . A d etailed list of the amount Our hero was not in hurry. superfluous, with all the appendages of refined and . fashionable life waste andthat were distributed along the wide and variety of goods and wares, useful and mountain ranges would astonish the reader. ing the comforts of his 6, The world was not made a in a day ; the race is not He reasoned thus— The the swift." He trundledalong his barrow, enjoy subject of much - e sportive rem' ark by those who were hurried along with their fresh and spirited teams on their first days. Many who had v p i has had not passed before our r e e n ced ce ed him. A independent traveller had tangible e no 'd Pa that trouble had fallen to the lot of som e Pip e the object of wonder and stray ox was feeding on his track, the mate of which, he afterwards learned, was ; killed, and this one turned adrift as useless. H e coaxed him to be the companion of his travels, taking care to stop where he could provide hims e lf w ith t h e needful Sustenance. He had not far to travel before be found a mate for his ox; and . ere long a waggon, which had given way in some of its parts, had . been abandoned by its rightful owner, and left in the road. Our travelling genius was aroused to turn these mishaps to his own advan• tage ; and he went leisurly to work to patch and bol ster up the waggon, bound his faithful oxen to it, and changed his employment of trundling the wheel barrow to driving fa team; onward moved the new establishment, gathering as he went from the super abundance of those who had gone bef ore , such as flour, provisions of every kind, books, implements, even rich carpets, &c., which had been cast of as bur densome by other travellers. He would occasionally find a poor worn-out animal that had b een left behind ; and, as it was not important for him to speed his course, he gathered them, stopping where there was abundance of grass time enough for his cattle t o ga i n a l i tt l e strengt h and spirit. Time rolled on an d h i s waggon ro ll e d with it, till he reached the end of his journey, when it was disco vered that he had an uncommon fine team and a good waggon, which produced him on sale 2,500 dollars. Being now relieved of the care of his team and in the midst of the gold diggings, he 60011 closed his pro specting by a location ; and, while i all around him were concentrating their strength to consummate the work of years in a few months, he deliberately com menced building, finishing, and, as fast as he could, furnishing a comfortable cabin. His wood be ga thered, sawed, and regularly piled in a straight line and perpendicular by the door—convenient, as though the old lady was within to provide his meals. He acted upon the adage, " Never start till you are ready." Now our hero was ready to commence work ing his " claim," w hi c h h e did, as h e did everything else, systematically and steadily. He may yet be seen at his work, with th e p rospec t (if he lives to be an old man) of being rich; for in the last two years he has accumulated 10,000 dollars.—New York Espress. COAL DOCKS IN THE TYNE.—Docks for the ship ment of the immense quantity of coal annually sent from the Tyne have been long desired, and on Monday the draft of a new Bill was laid before the River Tyne Commissioners, at a meeting held in the Merchants'-hall, Newcastle, for Parliamentary powers to erect a large dock in a creek called liayhole, about a stile above Shields harbour, for the ship ment of coal from the coal-field on the N.E. coast of Nor thumberland; nearly a million tons of coal—about three fourths of the coal shipped in the river—being now put on board vesesls at this place by the ordinary means of staitha. The commissioners alto seek further powers to erect two large piers or breakwaters at the mouth:of the harbour, for the purpose of giving a greater uniform depth of water on Shield's bar, and affording protection to vessels coming into the harbour in rough weather. It is also projected to form a dock of one hundred acres upon Jarrow Slake, the funds to be raised by private enterprise. The dock of Jarrow Slake will be for the shipment of coal brought by the York and Berwick Railway from the Durham coal-field. The funds for the erection of Hayhole Dock will be raised primarily upon the ordinary dock dues; secondarily, the dues raised by the commissioners in the dock will be pledged, the ,coal owners having staiths at this place agreeing to ship their coals in the dock for 50 years. TUE ROYAL SLATE QUARRIES.-THE very ex tensive plant of machinery lately erected by the Royal Slate Company, at their quarries on Brynhafod-y-wern, near Bangor, has been permanantly set to work. This machinery has been invented and constructed by Mr. Dixon, the com spaawni3nogs res an id d en fa t ci m ng ana s g ia e t r e and engineer, and o f fa for m atnhuepcutrupring a purpose of variety of articles of slate; the several novel processes being secured by patent. The machinery occupies a capacious building, with a ground area of upwards of 10,000 feet, and is set in motion by three very powerful water wheels and a steam-engine. The immense water wheel (one of the three) which has just been completed, has its gearing so contrived that it may be united with the gearing of the steam-en gine, so that one power can assist the other—or the machi nery can be driven by either, quite independently of the other, as the case may reqaire. This is a unique and very clever contrivance, by which tin auxiliary power can be brought into active operation, at an hour's notice, if a sud denly increased demand for the goods requires greater tem porary activity. We understand that this superior machinery works to the full satisfaction of the engineer, and that it was constructed by Mr. Owen Thomas, of Carnarvon.—North Wales Chronicle. BONDING PRIVILEGES.—The Customs authorities have granted permission for chicory, the produce of the Channel Islands, to be added to the list of articles allowed to be landed at Meriton's wharf, on the river side; under the usual regulations and conditions. Prince Albert has generously transmitted to the treasurer of the Slough Mechanics' Institution a cheque 20/., as his Royal Highness's donatien to its finds. TUE ANNUITY TAX.—We are glad to hear that the Government are, under certain conditions, likely to give their consent to the scheme for the abolition of the annuity tax. This is of great importance, as, without that consent, the Bill, which i n t er f eres to some extent with the property of the Crown, cou ld not have b een t a ken into consideration Parliament.— Scotsman. —The arrivals FOREIGN POULTRY. of the last f ew , i nclu de d 'ma of poultry of every description from large importations France, Holland, and Belgium, and will form an important days from the continental ports have extraordinary addit markets and dealers at thi s f es ti ve season. Theion to the supplies from all part s o f th e ki ngdom to the metropolitan steamer Albion, from Boulogne has brought 79 cases ; th e Triton, from Ostend, 59 cases; the Ocean, from Rotterdam, 19 baskets; the Fyenord, from Rotterdam, several hampers; the Coq, from,Cherbourg, 12 cases ; the City of London, from Dunkirk, 24 packages; the City of Boulogne, from Boulogne, 99 cases; the Wilberforce, from llamburgh, and the Menai, from Calais, several hampe rs and ease s ; tho Panther, from Ostend, 150 packages ; the Seine, from Bou logne, 18 packages ; the Poule, from Cherbourg, 48 cases ; the City of Paris, from Boulogne, 51 Con cordia, from Rotterdam, 24 packages ; the Tourist, from Calais, 22 cases and 1 basket; the Sir Edward Banks, from Havre, 8 baskets; the Lord John Russell, from Harlingen, and several others, the packages; the and the Lion, from Ilarlingen, several hampers and baskets es ; mentioned. Aoo.—The ST. JAMES'S PARE Two CR/ATI:Was tover the moon was shining with a mild yet effulgelt-n g lory can;l in the centre of St. James's-park seemed 6 produce of the foreign countries still water of Rosamond's Pond. The ;l ered like a looking glass. The ducks and theif , Z F y hum of our working day margin of the Decoy. The e broods slept by the world was still. purlieu of palaces, our apos tolic park was not iks in were then much like grassy fields, in smooth gravel walks tersected,by the same stately avenues of trees, n th g o il se th days what it is in ours. The is true,i because more juvenile, but wearing the perhaps less state m y in. a The Bird Cage-walk was truly what air of a rustic d proclaimed ° it—a great aviary, the fluttering cap tives'te Janie I their barred prisons being hung to rock in the in it Altbo hter Deboroh. b reez es from every tree.—Daug SUDDEN DEATH OF THE REV. MR. Coos, Or C E RES.—Mr. Cook, the establi s h e d m i n i ster of Ceres, while preaching in the Established Church of Moninaail OR Thurs day last, which was the fast day, dropped down in the pulpit. He was removed to the manse, where he died on Saturday morning. Disease of the heart was the cause of death. Edinburgh Witness. AN AGED PONY.—We mentioned some time ego that a little brown pony was in the possession of Mr. Sharp, Newton, Ross-shire which had attained an extraordinary age. It had been ridden by four generations, and was well known throughout the district over which it had scampered for two score years. Latterly it was pensioned off, and wan dered up and down the farm of its kind owner, at its p ro per pleasure, enjoying ease and comfort, which ought to he the privilege of age. But in an unlucky moment, ago, the poor o ld pony wandered to the sea b e ach, and fromget-. a ting entangled among the sands, was unable to escape the rising tid e , an d perished in the 40th year of his a ge . Inverness Courier. A postal convention between Belgium has just been concluded. THE INCOME-TAX IN THE tice was yesterday issued out the City, that the Commissioners at t have appointed WednesdaY P o'clock in the forenoon, to_ office, 36, Basing . different wards aggrieved by an Property an 35, for the year re spect to pro ts under the above Act. CITY th e Netherlands and OF LONDON.—No different churches through out for General Purposes 'n ext, the 31st instant, at eleven hear and decide appeals at their hall-street,lirom parties belonging to the the said City who consider themselves wab oTer-assessment under shednle D of the d Income-tax Act, sth and 6th Victoria, cap. ending the sth day of April, 1852, with fi arising from trades, offices, &c., chargeable NAVAL INTELLIGENCE , Commander Samuel Thomas Carter (1844), on the retired list of 1830, died a few days since at Stan we near Colchester, aged G 7. H e was t h e eldest son of the late S. Carter, Esq., of Sudbury, and of Twinsted Lodge, Essex. He entered the navy on the 31st January, 1800, served in the Juno's cutter, at cutting out from Campeachy Bay, after a bloody conflict, a Spanish schooner of 12 guns and 96 men ; and while attached to the Elephant, witnessed the surrender of the French squadron, with the remainder of General Rochambeau's army. He passed his examination in 1807, and was confirmed January 14, 1808, to the rank of lieutenant, in the Intrepid, 64, in which ship he had previously beheld the surrender of Madeira. He afterwards, on proceeding to the West Indies, efficaciously served on shore at the re duction, in February and April, 1809, of Martinique and the Saintes ; and on June 5, in the latter year, joined the Castor, 32, Captain William Roberts, un der whom we find him contributing to the destruction, in the ensuing December, of the 44-gun frigates Loire and Seine, and in February, 1810, to the capture of Guadeloupe. His last appointments were Sept. 25, 1810, to the Donegal, 74, Captain Pulteney Malcolm, in the Channel, and Aug. 7, 1811, to the Sophie, 18, Captain Nich. Lockyer, on the coast of North Ame rica. He was placed on half-pay in August, 1815, and on Oct. 19, 1844, he accepted retired rank. Commander Carter, until lately, held for many years the honorary command at Lowestoft of the Suffolk Humane Society's life-boat, and was thus instrumen tal in saving the lives at different periods of 124 per sons. He married April 9, 1814, his cousin, Laura Catherine, second daughter of the late Rev. William Chapman, vicar of Margate, county Kent, by whom he has living a son and four daughters. Lieut. Merion Marshall Moriarty (1814). He was the brother of Commander Moriarty, entered the navy in 1807, and in the course of nine years' service afloat was at the reduction of Copenhagen. He com manded the Bristol Company's steam-ship Queen, in 1842, was appointed port officer of Sydney, New South Wales, and died Government emigration agent at Sligo. Commodore Martin's squadron remained in the Tagus on the 18th inst. Hogue, 60, screw-ship, Captain M'Dougall, had returned from the Riff coast. Captain R. S. Hewlett commissioned the Hotspur, 44, at Devonport, on Tuesday, as the gunnery tender to the Excellent. Mr. W. Bennett Carpenter, R.N., and late of the Vesuvius, steam-sloop has been dismissed the service on a charga of drunkenness. • Aboukir, transport, having embarked 66 convicts from the establishment at Dartmoor, will shortly sail for Van Diemen's Land. Barracouta, steam 7 slOop, is ordered from Woolwich to be fitted for sea at Chatham. PORTSMOUTH, DEC. 25.—8 y letters received this morning from the Tagus, dated the 19th, we are in formed, " with respect to the squadron of Commo dore Martin, everything is at such a standstill that really nothing occurs worth noticing. Each day has its allotted duties, but the ships have been much less exercised lately. The Prince Regent, 90, has a great deal of sickness on board, and many patients have been sent to the hospital. This sickness, though of a trifling character, has rendered many of her hands unfit fbr active duties aloft, and in consequence, for the present, she has rather easy times. The Com modore has issued stringent orders respecting grant ing the men extra spirits or other liquors during the festive season of Christmas. Messrs. Sanger, Mon tague, and Norie, midshipmen of the Hogue, have passed their examination in seamanship qualifying for lieutenants. In port—Prince Regent, 90; Hogue, 60; Leander, 50 (bearing the Commodore's broad pendant) ; Arethusa, 50; Dauntless, 38; and the America yacht." We are requested to state that William Hurry, shipwright, who met with a fatal accident in the dockyard on Monday and was conveyed to Hasler Hospital, died from the injuries he received, and not from any operation performed there, as he underwent Done. The Birkenhead steam troop-ship, Master Corn. mander Sa!mond, will proceed from Spithead to Queenstown, to embark depots of regiments, on the 2d proximo. The Sprightly steam-tender will proceed to-mor row for Chatham, with the Marines belonging to that division, paid off from the Havannah, at Devonport. Woormicm, DEC. 25.—The Antelope, 2, paddle wheel steam-vessel, of 260 horse power, formerly em ployed as a mail steam packet on the Mediterranean station, from which she was withdrawn on the substi tuting of the Banshee as a mail steam packet, has undergone a thorough repair at this dockyard, and will be out of the hands of the engineers on the 26th of the present month, and will shortly be ready for commission. The Triton, 3, iron paddle-wheel steam-vessel, of 260 horse power, formerly employed as a small steam packet on the Mediterranean station, from which she was withdrawn on the appointment of the Caradoo to that service, has been repaired here, and will b e completed by the engineer department on the 11th of February, 1852. The Trident, 6, steam-vessel, of 350 horse power, lately employed in protecting the fisheries on the north coast of Scotland, has undergone a thorough repair, and will be out of the hands of the engineers about the 15th of February next. The Wildfire paddle-wheel steam-vessel, tender to the flag ship at Sheerness, is in course of repair at this dockyard, and will be completed by the engineers about the 11th of February, 1852. The Greenock, 10, iron screw steam-frigate of 556 horse power, at present in the inner basin at Woolwich Dockyard, has bad her engines put on board by Messrs. George and Sir John Rennie, and it is ex pected they will be completely adjusted and ready for getting the steam up by the sth of January next. The Intrepid, Arctic screw steam-vessel, in the East Dock No. 2, will be out of the hands of the en gineers by the 22d of January, 1852. The Pioneer, Arctic screw steam-vessel, in the West or King William's Dock, having sustained greater in jury than the Intrepid during her recent voyage to the Arctic regions, will not be out of hands of the en gineers until the 31st of January next. The Pluto steam-vessel is now ready for commis sion, and it is expected she will hoist a pendant in a few days and proceed to the coast of Africa, where she is to be employed on the surveying service, for which she is well adapted, having a light draught of water and engines of only 100. horse power.