The Sun. — London, England, 1851-12-30 00:00:00

OFF DUNGENESS DEC. 26. Octavio, Para for Aotw tr . OFF BEACUY BEAD, DEC. 24.—Barend Willem, Bl tavil f .r Amsterdam. BOUTUAMPToN DLC. 27.—Sid. Fortunate, Wilt. Indies. vEn, DEC 28 —The Ottowa, of Waterford, was uterlogged, on the 51 Dec., in lat. 42, lor w 'g' 53 ; crew saved. The Ottowa called at St. ° lLl n's, New B r un s wick, on the 2th Nov. from Waterford. Off port L ueon i a , Howcton, St. John's, New Brunswick. , ts' Wind E.S.E. ; r m , S.W.—Arrti. King William, &t -rio% Off port, Eliznbeth, New Orleans fur Antwerp; rgaret, Dalkon-4e for Hartlepool. MARKET NE WS.—(IIIIS DAY.) HAY MARKETS. SittrruFtELD.—Meadow Hay, 21 153 to 31 15i; Clover ditto, 315 s to 41 5s Od and Straw, 11 05 to 1/ 6s Per load. supply good, and trade dull. Ulti BE LILA. ND. Meadow Hay, 21 153 to 31 17i C :over ditto, 3i 5 s to 41 4 s; and Straw, 1/ Is to 11 7s P e Lhad. A full average supply, and a sluggish demand. vt'I IITECIIAPEL.—Meadow Hay, 21 15s to 3i 153; L' l ovvr ditto, 31:,5 to 4/ 71 Od; and Straw , 1103 to 1/ 6s P% * low), Trade dull, at barely last week's prices. COLONIAL.. ~The market is closed for the Christmas holidays, and re open or: the 6th January. Pri —NERAL OF R. TURNER, R. A.. (THIS DAY.) :rho remains o f thi s veter a n ar ist and groat genius f t :re this a f ternoon deposited in their final resting-place t he vault of St. Paul's Cathedral, in the presence of i l° , distant relatives, a great number of eminent pro - C u tonsl br e th ren , an d a considerable portion of the puh a . Th e f unera l precess i on , w hi c h p r o c eeded from the e "used's residence in Queen Anne-street to Charing e'r uss, and then along the Strand and Fleet - street to St. f„ 4111 % Churchyard, consisted of the hearse, drawn by ~,t c r horses, and a long line of mourning coaches an d ate carriages, which were attended by mutes wit h : L ida and feathers. The service was performed in a i n !,Y i mpressive manner, and several of the deceased's c-,ti hail:nate friends seemed much affected. A more th Co for the interment of a painter whose work s, ° ugh often severely criticized, will be admired as long se l4B l ar t has an abode in this country, could not have been • h e i t ed than th e g r ea t metropolitan cathedral, which I r i adu lved and made saw% by the fact of its being the do tae of so many distinguished men. There can be no t a tto that a statue of Ttitn.:r will soon occupy a place . u g those beautiful marble monu ments which adorn -ILterior of this vast structure. n o d/ toy CHOKED BY A BEAN.—O n Friday an in (;be't was held at the Hen and Chic k ens, Luton, near gellingh.am, before Mr. Th . om . as Hills, coroner for West Kent, r, the death of 1% illiam Richard We . bb, a youth, fif - year s %t oo , of age, who died on the previous Wednesday, of L ut g o u attempting to swallow a bean. Mr. R. W. Webb, kern. )3 , yeoman, deposed that about eleven a o t 'cl zd oc r k . L o n n ek th ,s e , ta t uPg in question he was cutting out 3' was with him, v ier .", oodland farm, and the deceased, who hi n d to the barn to get some straw for making bands to .. t he fodder with. He . soon returned, exclaiming, for w ""er, I have got a pea in my throat ;" and jumping diards. his father caught him in his arms and attempted 1 04 31 , 1a1 ge it with his finger, but the deceased i w ex e c e l k a e im s, e n d f , /It o ,' good God," and died instantly. foosl te e, surgeon made a post-mortem .exjlamr.ination,_aynda tes r 7, the death wa ' s caused from suffocation, p re d uc e d b -,,-- `edged in the larynx. Verdict accordingly. b V' ~, Mr. W. J. ("a *- " 1 . ACCIDENT TO A DRATMAN.-- bit , the deputy coroner, held an inquest yesterday at the l Itrivh".erse, High-street, Southwark, on the body of S a'erlZr" . Gall, a dray man in the service of 11 essr to tea , arid Co., being the second case of persons . belonging Barclay, 4 4 at firm coming to premature deaths within the last four IS4 l ' 't he deceased with five other draymen on Friday had road. 04 - W ith their drays to deliver beer in the liersinwCraw ftistiirti,tsstreerte,tautra deceased and another man stopped a public-house, on leaving which de h c a e d ase g d n ' t s slboi tt ll 'Laa behind. When deceased's compani n ou h . t wo hundred yards in advance on look' g back he gay 4 8 „,, c ompanion being carried from the road, alsnactidthhaet wasthe let h " Passed over his body. He (deceased) i kiki• ert Much, and wished to be conveyed home to Brand's- Th e •ings, Southwark, where he died on the following day. kosiier.37 returned a verdict of " Accidental Death," at the thei r vtleake condemning the practice of draymenridi on .44, it.en.,)cles. A gentleman from Messrs. Barclay, Per keit ‘ 4 C o. 's said it was contrary to orders that the he a p li r tionld do so; but in consequence of these accidents Doli ce, egulations would be made, in conjunction with the 4 to put a stop to so dangerous a practice. tett et4rielloLY SUICIDE AT VIRGINIA WATER.— bitvie,r,ai afternoon the body of James Nash, the son of Mr. R ave 'ash, a blacksmith, of Sunninghill, Asv e ~ near' Virginia Water, under circumstances _ e 11 . 1 , 11 , was found which the e Olipear"o doubt that the deceased had committedsui id It N rit 0 7 that the unfortunate man, who is twenty-eight morn- L k 4 f a ge, had gone about his work as usual ...11, ter wh' ' 0 7 of Virginia he left home, and proceeded in the direc , the guna Water. At noon he was observed. by one ‘ 44 rtli Parlt- keepers to throw himself off the High-bridge, alt h e Black Nest entrance to the royal propert), l 4 417 11 search was immediately made, it was an . hour,.a . n_d e ea, ,aufoie the body was e, recovered and every sign ot h m _ Vi .rit ' t Matter of wall,c if : , u o disappeared. h)e a ; 1.- d ir N h e . ~ deceased s o imimsed..- til l te e ea n e n the titstlilc3:Bll-itaasael:aenf ititealseignedof the ' rash act, but the me an t he p t tinaeCOUntableCusr e ciis s position to self-destruction on l' or fainily show a remarkable and O w f h.,: r il t ec of e its ruemberi. e About twelve years ago a brother_ riff in it: ewthileadEldn; threw himself from off the same bridge, and welve months ago a caogtoisianndruonwenleed ihmiinng 4Q" l e the Lon water. Man e s tin a , er , 0 us; . ping wood;and a a r bout seven years ago Lt.__ tvi:wilso_F himself in a plantation on the Silwood jtteeint.lll s za•pr i ss. have t doped asTa ari it AILWAT.--This company le at new merchandise traffic. telat,,,,Ll,EitY ACCIDENT CM liosrils."'Y occurrence took . la ce at a L tu o r y d i a N y Var l d n ' o s r c n o i l n li g ery a e , / 1 41 b e i„ 48 the " Trou”la Pits." A " banful" of meu and boy n '"so - g 10Were t ieo b wn one of the pits, when an elderly n i a ni. ,. 4 4S 4 gag d 1,-, tli pre--re- .at pit, probably nut being aware of the -'`, •' i - ezltuit 4, 111 the fall of the it'sp mouth, . kO-'eadie his body striking with great violence the h ock od g skip, two of them (a young man and a boy) 4,2 boli e , e ts and precipitated to the bottom ot the shalt. -41 3' le -, on being brought out of the pit, were found to be , Inflated. k ,!ao R. e t , • t ...Tlntris ---Tb Lords Commissioners a lai ~sjeay , l 3 • e l 'ln '''ll)Pin Tresury having directed that thenavigatioonf W de ted i : ac counts of the United Kingdom be in tr f e lu e r i e s the an altered fern, the collectors and comp_ 1 ma l'e r 3te Ms at tl • of the I. cited Isingd°" ti sit teceived directiOn‘-s'el:ei al ;arts d ts af after the sth of January 4(l„:„Ti,i, the muni),ertreonfl men a in the returns of shipping shippinge annually transmitted to the registrars-general -g ' ,4, Allla ct , CLOSED 150 sv e , .11.-....0„ ss OPENED AFTER BEING help', Sunday last the parish church of Burton, near al , ouas Of g elos e d ~ ex, was re-opened for Divine service after t as i a sh it°llla a ) a r tli ls° Ike year& Burton House has been the seat Nan • ehuret. . olic Family for nearly two centuries.. • ei to n ois situate in the park in close contiguity to the • e sed. ' a nd, fro Into Th e ~ m the influence of the priesthood, was th.,erso. spirit ild; ,a - -og was nearly gone to ruin, in to /lei ,_, o n) . nt feeling of Mo genoo h O Pe y aroused the Protestant WI Lordr of and liberal subscription was entered but the late lt, 4 , e ~ $a _ t 4, Pubo s u pply the of ' l ' l iji shop of the diocese joining in it) to renovate ttreh Rasorshi neces sary appliances for the carrying o 1 11, 11 . ( as ,p-, The work having been completed, the serwerYll Zell i tilltil in g was ye,aled above) opened on Sunday . l i a a st a . The 141 elt e t' e n l l e e ' 1 was very filled; the church, which tally N E ,, ~.„ myhton Gazette. ituan— li . 6 ti tre l niflow " ' -EN olt•--It is not, of Bognor, preaching a that Ai r har b e e sensat' • Swift, the new te w no e r who believe,has created d du% n a lon at the Thursday Concerts, had for ri' e g th e P u pil of the Ito , al Academy of Musio ! and rttaaeili, of whole period formed 3 one of the class of Sign 3 , %T e ets. vr 'l l f i ,? ll he was one of the most distinguished As ' abo,, -I s gentleman is we understand, still attached t oil :1a h ris e establishment, which for more than twenty t it il 4l t veorid. tinee . cl au many distinguished artists to the , tilt 11 414 `011at a • MINGRAM MARKET HALL FOUNTAIN.— fik t f Ull 1 , 1 . 111 was opened on Wednesday and has since . bees hi t la di."3•• Prom a basin of Yorkshire sandstone, fifteen to •oss of di y. and capable of containing one thousand li hatipater, rises a double plinth of sandstone, suppo.rt flpfteed fo e pedestal of magnesian limestone, on which tot7cialetate metal work of the fountain. This consists of a % % Ned , shaft, surmounted by a Greek tazza, and sur-_ „Priz ei Ll four figures of children emblematic of four m of tkt,`Stose of branches of industry carried on in Birmingham 'losa_ Au atie.gou•maker, glass-blower, bronzist, and enbi . vs, for tique vase, out of which the jet of water pro , } li s iZltte r ni fa a ip wha . t may be termed the apex of the column, ki . Iv through tiurtthe tazza being discharged into the' bele ' eight apertures in so many lions attaCtlaPended from rings attached to the panels of the ki eit kl, r e lt o i r l d resting upon the consoles, are four groups the 4 ttr t • 6 118411t illg the various commodities sold in h tro. egetables, 44 of 2e of these is composed of fish, another of game, and a fourth of flowers and fruit. sq 4 4 l , 9 allusive to the commodities sold in tha hall is Os e"oeugh t 8 • • Th metal work t oat 904 Inritedly expressed. e ktu"tare f kiti. rB .ei o „ r°l3l _Liverpool mention the stoppage of ti • lp `rst m .7 Pole and Son. The liabilities of the house are 44 bo , to be rather large, and its difficulties have been 14At w to sses on 4,, eou t n. sugar. 0. hou nds from the seat of insurrection on the nor- Il lsti'. ' °r eeni7. 4 ,, r7 of Mexico reach to the 23d of November. INeed t a had arrived at Matamoras, consisting of 500 , I , : „, t he ill s P i eces of cannon, under General Uraga. Mean 'lltsPet"..ao waiaor,.geut forces were again gathering under Carve ,,,os g raerit t 'we more at the head of about 600 men. The Nor2tPeet„, l r °oPs would probably attack him, and a battle Alin at "m• The merchandise lately admitted into Mata ..r, red Nt t l acr ou ',need duties, in order to counteract the . smug le t l 'er t el tilue frontier, was now to he admitted into the s\eaUtho__Parties giving bonds to pay such extra suss uttnit uties at Mexico might decide upon. 144k1e9ai41-1-ANE THEATRE.—The now pantomime of 4 ]dig vi t i t i Varth ; or, Tl e , Two London '.Prentices, per- Ok i :. ti o 4 such success at this theatre, is from the pen 1, ter, rt On, author of Box and Cox, the present stage ki ' )1 0 P ) stts r , - xi% able -,401 TRIENNIAL MUSICAL FESTI . VAL.— , 11y; nkedfoto announce that the next great meeting . has iti",'„ati til t ' ,Septetuber the 7th. and three succeeding 1 '''-a3., a ': Signor Costa has been again appointed con- P . 11. t nangham Journal. 4r 4 1.4 41 , - : T .4 114 11 ce on s , l4l .—The ensui ng Hil ar y T e rm will 1 - / fal i f n '" u3 adaY week, the usual day, the 11th of 1 / 4 1 Iits tzs gon a Sunday. ttriNi il .r 8 To EARL GRANVILLE —The French 4- ' Cl r . erit 114 va presented a chest of Sevres porcelain to 4:s titr;Seville, Presi 1 t i ', tt t,. ice t ow ,. __t ent of the Royal , Comn . iission, and a '4sy stiir ioni ffl.r• uilke, member of the Executive Committe,. 5 :4 vol t i„ !it of the sense it entertains of the part which prods N qti " ffle Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry 1 e li ons in HYde- p ark in the y present year, and the i vet e r eicolleiesioners ofher AI , ajestsTrea . sury desired the ktirrer that of the pose on their ie arrival enue 4 t l d ' 4 f a t Pur to permit their free de , 6,,.. ora l i, . in this country. The 4 `ell delivered 'he presents alluded to have since arrived, th, %lit ered to their destination. 1.4 Pet . n a • U NFIT L Pe t . , it,,, Q I'OR H ABITATION.—By a clause in i 11 ,,` to h6r'eN!ers Act now in force the provisions with sl i 's to anuses in a ruinous and .dangerous state ., are ex- tit cq Y "use or or huulof health is Permanently unwholesome and THE SUN, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS THE FAMILY CABINET. HERALD —The appointment of Lord Granville to hold the seals of the Foreign Department must have at least one good effect. It must awake the at tention of this free community to the gross, the scan &lons system of nepotism and family cliquerie under which the affairs of this great empire are now vir tually administered. We have hinted, and barely hinted, at this subject already. Venice was never more completely or more closely in the hands of a Patrician coterie than England is now, in the coun cils of its Cabinet, in the hands of a family compact. We ask the attention of the aristocracy of this realm—we ask the attention of its great commercial community—of its high-minded gentry—of its in telligent middle-classes, to a system of administration in the higher officeslof the State, for which no period of the history of England—nay, not even the his tory of the Venetian Republic, presents any parallel. There is at this moment in the Cabinet of Queen Victoria scarcely an exception to the rule which selects the constitutional advisers of the Sovereign of a free people exclusively from those connected, either by blood or marriage, with one or other of the two or three families, who, themselves united in close tics of consanguinity, seem determined to narrow the choice of the Sovereign to their own circle. So long as the family cabal that have usurped the name of the Whig party are permitted to nominate the Ministers of Queen Victoria, the choice of the sovereign in her advisers is virtually limited to the immediate con nexions of some one of the noble houses to whom belong the titles of Grey, Bedford, and Carlisle' Of the fifteen members of whom the Cabinet now consists, there are just six whom we du not know to be connected with the families we have named. Our knowledge of these relationships is, we confess, limited to the information afforded us by Burke and Debrett. It is very possible that even the six whom we regard as ' exceptions are qualified by their offices by relationships that have escaped our not very deep research. The appointment, however, of four out of the six is certainly to be referred to the influences of Whig traditional or family con nexions. To begin with the newly-appointed Foreign Secretary. The Earl Granville is the first cousin of the Earl of Carlisle. He is doubly con nected with the Noble Chancellor of the Duchy- of Lancaster as being also the first cousin of his Grace the Duke of Sutherland and nephew of the Duke of Devonshire. As one of the younger members of the ducal house of Sutherland, he has also the good for tune to stand in the relationship of a kinsman to Lord John Russell. The Secretary for Foreign Affairs, cousin to the Prime Minister and to another leading member of the Cabinet, forms in himself no slight in• dication of the family influences that now control the Sovereign's selection of her advisers. The system of nominating to Cabinet offices members or connexions of one or other of the families we have mentioned, will only be presented to the mind by a glance at the names of the Cabinet. We print the names of the Cabinet as it is now constituted, distinguishing by a star those who are connected with the family alliance. The Cabinet Ministers are— * Lord John Russell. Marquis of Lansdowne. * Lord Minto. Lord Truro. * Lord Granville. * Lord Grey. Lord Broughton. * Sir George Grey. * Sir Charles Wood. * Earl of Carlisle. * Mr. Labouchere. * Sir Francis Baring. Fox Maule. Lord Seymour. Marquis of Clanricarde. To begin with Earl Grey, the head of the most powerful family connexion. He is himself Secretary for the Colonies. His brother-in-law, Sir Charles Wood, is Chancellor of the Exchequer. His cousin, Sir George Grey, is Secretary for the Home Depart ment. Sir George brings with him a followig : Sir Francis Baring, First Lord of the Ad miralty, is brother-in-law of the home Se cretary ; Mr. Labouchere, the President of the Board of Trade, is cousin and brother - in -l a w of the First Lord of the ' Admiralty. No one certainly will deny that in the persons of these five Cabinet Minis ters,-the Grey connexion is very fairly represented in the Councils of the Sovereign. The ducal house of Bedford supplies the Prime Minister. He again is supported by his father-in-law, the Earl of Minto, and his cousin, the n ewly•appointed Secretary for Foreign Affairs, who ag ain conveniently supplies a closer bond of union between his cousin the Prime Minister, and his cousin the Earl of Carlisle. The alliances and cross-alliances between the noble houses we have mentioned, and those of Cavendish, Gower, and Ponsonby, unite the nine Cabinet Ministers we have pointed out in the closets bonds of family con nexion. The appointment of most of the remaining Cabinet Ministers is easily traced to the same spirit of aristocratic clanship which makes the great offices of state the exclusive patrimony of a patrician coterie. The Marquis of Lansdowne, with all his talents and high character, yet represents in the Cabinet the hereditary claims of the Earl of Shelburne upon the Whig dynasty. Lord Seymour would never have been in the Cabinet if he were not the son of a Whig Duke. Even the Chancellor, the Minister of all others whose elevation might be sup posed uninfluenced by aristocratic or family consi derations, is indebted for his scat on the woolsack more to his alliance with the family of D'Este than to his legal qualifications to be the Keeper of the Great Seal. Lord Clauricarde, the newler-created Lord Broughton , and the soli of Lord Panmure, heftily redeem the Cebinct front the imputation of exclusiveness. In vin do we look in the Cabinet of Lord John Russell for any practical recognition of the principle, that iu our free constitution the privi lege of serving the Sovereign is not confined to any class or order of men. The exclusiveness of which we complain is not an aristocratic one. It is one that affects the great body of the aristocracy just as much as it does the classes that are unennobled. We pre sume that we have written enough for to-day to con vince every one in the country that the system under which our Ministers are now selected scarcely disguised nepotism — that the principle of Whig liberality is to monopolise the offices of state to two or three family connexions, and convert the Cabinet of the Sovereign into a close corporation that only recognises two rights of admission to its privileges —the right by marriage and that by birth. THE FOREIGN INTRIGUE. POST. —The Ministerial announcement that " Vis count Palmerston had ceased to hold the office of Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs," together with the Ministerial explanation of the causes which "not hastily or inconsiderately" led the Government to make so great a " sacrifice," appeared in the leading columns of a morning contemporary, on Wednesday last, the 24th instant. The fact was stated with offi cial solemnity, and the reasons assigned for it were set forth with great care and precision. No room was left for misapprehension. Lord Palmerston's retire ment from office was characterized as an event of which "it would not be easy to overrate the import ance," either as it affected " the stability of the Mi nistry," or—what is of infinitely higher moment — "the foreign interest of this nation, at a time unusu ally critical in the affairs of Europe." It was a " sacrifice" offered by the Government to some superior and offended Power, and we were not left in the dark as to .the angry deities whom it was intended to pacify. Certain foreign Ministers of cer tain 'foreign States were not " allies" of - her Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. They were not his "friends." It was doubted if there was one of them who did not regard him with " a degree of distrust and hostility?' To propitiate these " elder statesmen of Europe"—these Ministers of Courts which, one and all, were on terms of per fect amity with the English Government, but which, nevertheless, could not assert sufficient influence in the councils of Great Britain, the "sacrifice" in ques tion was made. The rest of the Cabinet, it appears, were willing to let the " elder statesmen of Europe" have their own way in matters that did not concern them. Lord Palmerston alone regarded as of para mount importance the dignity, the independence, the honour and the interests of his Sovereign and his country ; and so, "not hastily, nor inconsiderately," and notwithstanding his great and acknowledged im portance to " the stability of the Ministry, and to the foreign interests of this nation, at a time unusually critical that nt a h t e p aff ri a v i a r t s e of Europe," he was " sacrificed" in order " alliances" might be formed, and private "friendships" established, where none other than perfectly amicable official relations ought ever to exist. We beg our readers to bear in mind the distinction which we have heretofore m arked as being carefully made in the official announcement under consideration. The " alliances" and " friendships " whose non-existence was complained of, were not " alliances" and " friendships" between foreign Courts and the Court of St. James's. Lord Pal merston left every Court in Europe, either in clo se alliance, or o n terms of perf ec t amity, with the Crown of Great Britain. No, it was Lord Palmerston him self of whom the Times was instructed to complain that he had not an " ally," or, perhaps, a " friend," amongst the " elder statesmen," th e Ministers of Eu ropean States. Whatever Lord. John Russell and his colleagues may think of the matter, the loyal people of England will consider this as a proof of Lord Palmerston's fidelity to his Sovereign and his country. " He is too English," say those " elder statesmen of Europe," and, with a dignity which becomes their age and position, they are in the habit of adding, " Ce diable de Palmerston, it fait tout pour sa p a trie." This, we are far from denying, is all very well for the "elder statesmen of Europe." It is natural that they should like, in the councils of her Mojesty, a Minister whose instincts and sympathies are less English, and whose policy is more easily overreached. But the people of England will see with alarm—not, indeed, the stability of the Russell Ministry endangered," but the "interests of this nation" imperilled at a time so " unusually critical in the affairs of Europe," by the "sacrifice' of a statesman against whom the only complaint alleged is admitted to be that he loves his country so well, and serves his Sovereign so faithfully, that he prefers the independence of the one and the dignity of the other to the good or ill pleasure of certain foreign politicians, who are named the "elder statesmen of Europe," Great pains have been taken, by the very few papers that attempt any defence of the Ministry, in this novel and most disgraceful pro ceeding, to shift the ground of justification. There is no change of policy, they tell us now, in the Cabinet. And it is not " foreigu agents" who have done this thing. The retirement of Lord Palmerston is attri butable now altogether to a wide and marked dif ference between the "views" of that statesman and the " views" of his late colleagues upon—as well as between his " mode " and theirs " of dealing with such an emergency " as that created by the recent events in France. We are, nevertheless, assured, en the same day, from sources equally authentic, that the " views' and "modes of dealing" in question are identical, and we have affirmed, upon authority which will be found to be correct, that the French Govern ment has been diligently assured of the fact. These after-thoughts are inadmissible in so weighty a mat ter, and they are not less destructive of themselves than of the original and official explanation with which we are dealing. But we transcribe from another part of our paper the following words, written at Vienna, on the 23cl instant—the day immediately preceding the announcement in the Times. They are not from our own correspondence, but reach us, in common with all our contemporaries, via Paris, and amongst the usual public intelligence from the former capital. They are as follow : " Vienna, Dec. 23. " Rumours aro current here of negotiations said to have been engaged in by high personages in England with our Court, without the knowledge of Lord Pal merston. Their object is said to be a rapprochement be tween the two Courts, and the retirement of the Noble Lori from offiee is announced as certain to happen soon. 'rho first index of this rapprochement has been the ad mission of Lord Westmoreland to an audience, and his invitation to dinner by the Emperor. " There are many persons who affirm loudly that England will return to the continental policy, which does not mean the institution of a military Government repugnant to the habits and tastes of the English"— [How very condescendingl]—" but her adhesion to the counter-revolutionary system. It is to be commenced by the expulsion of the political refugees, and by sup porting all measures that can destroy the European de mocratic propaganda." Now, let the reader note, first, that here is an an nouncement in Vienna, on the 23d inst., of a fact which became known to the people of England only on the morning of the following day. And, secondly, that " high personages," meaning, doubtless, the same nobleman or noblemen, member or members of the English Cabinet, who is or are said to have main tained a clandestine correspondence with similar " high personages" in France, but not of the French Cabinet, on matters of national business, for the con duct of which Lord Palmerston was officially and con stitutionally responsible—nay, for the misconduct of which the Noble Viscount was liable to impeach ment. We do not stop to inquire who these per sons are. The proceeding agrees so completely with the Ministerial explanations put forth in the Times on the 24th instint, and the following day, that it seems impossible to question the astounding fact, that underhand negotiations, involv ing not only " the sacrifice" of their ablest and most honest colleague—but, as they have confessed, " of the interests of this nation," at a moment of European peril, were carried on by members of the English Cabinet, with Ministers of foreign States. For the honour, we will not say of the English character, but of human nature itself, we wish rather than hope that these miserable and self-imposed charges may yet, by some means or other, be cleared away. We now see clearly enough the meaning of " sacrificing" a Minis ter, and of endangering national interests, to please the elder statesmen of Europe. These latter are not only to dictate to our gracious Sovereign, who is, and who is not, to be her Foreign Minister—but, according to the letter before us—it is owing to their indulgent forbearance, that the " rap prochement" between the Governments of England and Vienna involves for the time the "sacrifice" of Lord Palmerston, and the consequent " instability of the Russell Cabinet, and the peril of national inte rests" only. We are not yet to have a " military Government," which may be " distasteful" to us. The " elder statesmen of Europe" are contented with the " sacrifice" and the " danger" which have been made and incurred. The rest—our Constitutional Go vernment and our Reformed Church, they probably think will follow in good time. Still these victors of the hour—the people of England will take care that their hour shall be short—have in their turn been de ceived, if they have been led to believe in the expul sion of the refugees as part of their bargain. We have no alien act under which it is possible for our Government to fulfil—if they were disposed to fulfil—such au expectation. Without pretend ing to be in their secrets, we will add that they have no intention of applying to Parliament to change our ancient municipal law in this respect. These clandestine correspondents have, therefore, either duped " the elder statesmen," for whose " alliances" and " friendships " they have, as they tell us, "sacri• ficed" so much—or the said elder statesmen have taken for granted an amount of compliance, which even the Russell Cabinet is not disposed to yield. And this, though, pc . ihaps, the first, is by no in4lrit t h e ( ~,jy disappointment which they are assuredly doomed to suffer. Again, we remind our readers that our reneirks throughout, o❑ ministerial conduct, have been made only on the ministerial statement of this unprecedented case. We have made no attacks from grounds of our own. Nor, had the Ministry been silent, should we have been tempted to say one word until the affair should have been fully discussed in Parliament. Prom the discussion which has been in troduced by themselves we have not shrunk, and we cannot regret that means have been so early and so amply afforded to the public for arriving at a prompt and just decision. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, DEC. 29. The Queen and Prince Albert walked in the Home Pails and Slopes this morning. The Prince of Wales, the Princess Royal, and younger members of the Royal Family, took walking and pony exercise. The following have received invitations to the Castle, and are expected to arrive this afternoon Serene Highness the Prince Nicholas of Nassau, the Baron Bentinck, Lord and Lady R'bert and Miss Grosvenor, Lord and Lady Cowley, Baron Hadein, and Baren Roggenbach. The Earl of Westmoreland was erroneously named as having been present at 'Windsor Castle on Friday last, and having had an audience of the Queen. Baron Brunnow, the Prussian Minister ; Count Walenski, the French Ambassador; Monsieur Charles Sallandrouze de Lamornaix, Commissaire General du Gouvernement de France ; Lord Cowley, and Earl Granville, arrived from town this forenoon, and had audiences of her Majesty at half-past two o'clock. The Marquis of Ormonde, Lord in Waiting, and Colonel the Hon. N. Hood, Groom in Waiting, were in attendance upon her Majesty. Luncheon was served before the Queen gave au dience. Sir George Grey left town yesterday, on a visit to Sir Francis Baring, at his seat, Stratton Park, Win chester. Earl Granville left town yesterday morning for Windsor Castle, to have an audience of the Queen. Dispatches were received yesterday afternoon at the Colonial-office from the Governor-General of Ca nada. Dispatches were also received yesterday from the Governor of Van Diemen's Land. A deputation from the conference held at Birming ham on the 10th of December, on the subject of Re formatory and Preventive Schools, had an interview with Sir George Grey on Saturday, at the Home office. The deputation consisted of Mr. David Power, Recorder of Ipswich; Rev. T. Carter, chaplain of Liverpool Borough Gaol ; Mr. J. Adshead, Man cheater; Mr. J. Hubback, Liverpool; Mr. W. Locke, Hon. Secretary to the Ragged School Union, Lon don ; Rev. J. Field, Chaplain to the Borough Gaol, Reading; and the Rev. Sydney Turner, Red-hill. SOUTH-EASTERN RAILWAY. Gross traffic receipts for passengers and goods, week ending Dec. 27, 1831 £ll,llB 11 8 Ditto, Dec. 23, 1850 ' ... 10,509. 12 6 Increase in 1851 ... London Terminus, Dec. 29, 1851. ... £6OB 19 2 RAMSGATE HARBOUR. —We are glad to find that the trustees of this harbour, during the ensuing session, intend applying to Parliament to amend and repeal some of their Acts, so as to make it no longer obligatory upon them to vary suck rates and duties rateably and proportionably, but to enable them to release any Glass of shipping from all or any of the proportions of the rates and duties paid by the said Acts, and to release the foreign dues. This will be a great boon, as it was these dues that pressed so heavily upon the South-Eastern and Continental Steam Packet Company, while running their boats hence to Ostend, they having paid upwards of 1,2001. for dues during the time. If the release of this burden be effected, we may hope to see the route to Ostend, vid Ramsgate, re-established.—Canterbury Journal. DEATH OF ADMIRAL GEORGE BARBER.--This gallant officer on the reserved list died on the 25th inst., at Spring-vale, Isle of Wight, in the 92d year of his age. Ad miral Barker entered the service in 1771, and i,was present in man y gallant actions with the enemies of his country. He attained the rank of captain on the Bth of June, 1792 ; vice admiral on the 12th of November, 1840; and admiral on the 27th of December, 1847. LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 30, 1851. LITERATURE. THE HEAD OF THE FAMILY. A Novel. By the Author of " Olive" and " The Ogilvies." 3 Vols. Chapman and Hall. The promise of her former works has been more than fulfilled by the authoress of " Olive" and " The Ogilvies." Free from the imperfections which marred those productions, " The Head of the Family" is one of the most charming domestic novels which we have perused for a considerable time. The characters and the incidents arc all most natural, and they are de scribed in the most natural manner possible. The unaffected simpl;city of the narration is one of the great charms of the book, more especially when be neath ,that simplicity of style is revealed a power and vigour of no mean order. The tale relates the fortunes of the orphan family of an Endinburgh " Professor," the scene is for the most part in Scot land, and the quaint peculiarities of the dialect which are casually introduced give to the narrative a natural and genuine air, and moreover possess for English readers the charm of freshness and originality. The simple truthfulness of its style and the quaint ness of its language obtained for " Margaret Maitland" a large popularity. In addition to these attractions " The Head of the Family" contains a story of enthralling interest, the more enthralling, perhaps, because the passions it deals with are so forcibly delineated and the incidents so naturally developed, that they come home to the reader's heart like a chapter from its own history. However different are the temperaments, and how ever widely dissimilar the fortunes of men, there are feelings and sentiments common to all. Few are they who are not oalled upon some time or other to obey the motto on the title-page of this novel, " Non ti lagnar, ma soj'ri etaci ' Like Ninian Grwme, it becomes us all to "suffer" and "be silent ;" and nobly does he fulfil that arduous duty. The "head" of the orphan "family," Ninian Gnome, enacts a father's part to his young brothers and sisters, and in the fulfilment of this duty he is compelled to trample under foot the dearer hopes of his own heart. Not for him, the head of a family whom his hard toil can barely sustain, can there be any thought of wife and children until his hair is grey with years, and his heart veary with hope deferred. Knowing this Ninian suffers the young companion of his sisters, the gentle maiden of his choice, to mingle with the household group all unconscious of his deep affection, but his silence is not preserved without a struggle. The young girl is summoned to England by her father, and before Ninian's parting with her occurs one of the most beautiful ttle scenes in•the book—short and simple though ' be, it is so exquisitely natural and life-like. With a mingled feeling of hope and fear, Ninian suspects that it may be possible that his untold love is returned. If so he feels that silence is no longer a duty. He could not seek to win the maiden's affection, precious though it would be to him ;: but if she loves him he cannot let her suffer in silence—he will tell her all, and leave her free. "He knew by his own heart, wherewith be judged hers, that did she love him, ten, fifteen, or twenty years of patient, trustful betrothal would be as notbing, so that he might at last take his wife to his bosom and thank Heaven for his life's late-won but most perfect crown." Then follows the little scene in.which Hope Ansted speaks of her sorrow at parting with' the games, and her affection for all of them and for Ninian too —an affection which had often made her long (she tells him? to join his sisters in calli ng hi m " Brother. ' "' Do so, then,' said Ninian.' His voice was very low, solemn, and cold. His joys and his fears were alike gone from him, There was no need for any struggle now." The character of Ninian Granie may be seen from these remarks, but it cannot be fully appreciated without a perusal of the whole work, in which it is most beautifully and naturally delineated. Hope Ansted at first ap pears unworthy of him, bUt as her nature becomes developed its charming add truly womanly attrac tions become revealed. Another character worthy of mention, and one evidentlyfrom the same hand which portrayed the passionate, Katherine Ogilvy, is Rachel Armstrong, the loving, devoted girl, and the wronged and revengeful woman. The concluding portion of her wild and wayward career, when her anger has given place to anguish, and her intellects have become disordered, as she looks upon the dead body of him whom she has loved and hated with a like intensity, is described witha pathos that is singularly affecting. All the sorrow and wrongs of years are obliterated from her mind, ind in fancy she is restored to the days of her early an happy love : " ' How soon will my husband wake, do you think, Jane?' again as k e d R achel : 'lt's hard to go without one kiss— a nd yet t h e farm i s tec h a weary di stance. ' ' She thinks h4 rse lf nursing him at ray cottage, as she used to do. Oh, ,jy poor girll' cried Jane Sedley. It was a scene more touching than any mad scene the renowned actress had ever played. ' Speak to her—persuade her to leave him,' whispered Ninian, as ho drew hack out el sight. The old woman conquering her tears, obeyed." It is ,impossible with a few fragmentary extracts to do justice to a work the - eta:Fm of which can better be felt than told, and which it is necessary to read in order to appreciate. Only by becoming familiar , with the family circle by the fire - side of " The Gowans" can we justly estimate the genuine home affection which pervades their life and history, and fully enter into the so naturally described joys and griefs which fall to the lot of the chief indi viduals of "the fainily,!' not the least at tractive of whom is the youngest sister, Tinie, the playful, mis c hi e vous g i r l, b u t w i t h a l a true sprightly,ea tender-hearted Woman. Many beautiful thotitrhts, beautifully vxpr.pcd, we might also cull from these pages, es where :-Ecaking of a heart as y e t untouched by love, it i s a id :—" Thither the one angetql 1 1 1;' hii'l //ever desowled to trouble the wotees awl depart, but euen in departing to leave behind a healing power." Or ag a i n ; w h en a ll u di ng t o t h e salutary e ff ect which great grief occasionally pro duces upon a character, it is said :—" "Whatever sor row had swept over her, it hid left no bitterness, no heartlessness, scarcely even rief. It was probably that one—the most sanc tif y i n woe o f a ll— w h en t h e t angel of death, re- ascendin , opens h eaven, an d suffers a portio n o f heaven' slight to fall on those look ing sorrowfully upwards, whose faces, like that of Moses, bear some trace of thif brightness evermore." But instead of attempting by such quotations to do imperfect justice to a very d e lightful and admirable work, let us rather advise our readers to read it for themselves. It is a book truly appropriate for Christmas time, for it b reat h esi throughout a s pi r it o f genial kindnes s an d h ome affect i on . It appeals to the best symp a thi es o f our hearts, and as such it is certain to be p r i ze d wherever ibis appreciated. JACOB BEIVDIXEN, the JR•W ; adapted into English f rom t h e Danish (if Goldschmidt. By Mary Howitt. Colburn. This work is intended to diffase a more accurate knowledge of th e lif e an d feelings o f t h e J ews. Not withstanding pr e j u di ce and mi sa pprehension curiosity must be aroused an d i nterest excite d at t h e announce ment of such a p ro d uct i on concern i ng a peop l e t h at have ever been remar k a b le in and therefore n o d ou b t can be e countries. The b oo k i s writtenby one of themselves, all ages and in all 4 tertained about the validity of its assertions and the, authenticity of its descriptions. Several anecdotes and traditions are related at the commencement, which are striking and original. The adv en t ures o f t h e h ero are astonishing and remarkable, but improbability does not attach to them when his peculiar state and proscribed race are taken into consideration. The epitome of his life was comprised in the immortal aphorism—" For suf fering is the badge of all our tribe." In childhood without playfellows, in youth shunned and scorned by the college students, in manbeod disowned and suspiciously regarded by those who called them selves friends, and, finally, his promised bride showed herself to the world ashamed of her engagement, betrayed and deceived him. He became a soldier, joined a Polish friend, and embraced the cause of his unhappy country, and fought with despe rate energy in one of the most lamentable con flicts the world ever beheld. The ever Unsuccessful outcast returned from despair, defeat; and destruction to the scenes of his early years to die in the prime of life—his spirit crushed, his holies blighted, and his heart broken. Nor could even death itself annihilate the course of persecution, or still the voice of enmity. The progress of his funeral was interrupted by his enemies, and by the hands of Christians stones were flung on his coffin as it was lowered into the grave. His ill-starred career and m . sled destiny were declared in the words of his only mourner, a friend of his own people, as he looked over the hills at the woodland country where he had beheld the deceased in the then believed in joy anon p a o n e i t m ry at a io n n d in of et y e o rn u a th l e the Days of M ar y Q ueen of Grant, Esq. 3 V o l s . P arry B aOsncTdoltscl.Wo.BEyLLiamoers, Mr. Grant, the author of " The Romance of War," " The Scottish Cavalier," and other works, has, in again appearing before the public, chosen a most in teresting subject, and one which, from its peculiar and striking nature, is likely to inspire the genius of an author. The history of the unfortunate Mary Stewart is too well known to permit an historical novelist to wander far from the truth, and in this point Mr. Grant may defy the closest scrutiny. There is every reason to believe that the Earl of Bothwell was early in life married to a Norwegian lady named Anne Throndson, prior to his marriage with Lady Jane Gordon, from whom he was divorced in order to be united with Mary Stewart. History records that the unfortunate Earl, after his downfall, was justly, but most rigorously, confined by order of Frederick of Denmark in the Castle of Malmo uptil his death, for piracy on the Danish seas ; and we see, from a translation of an order for his imprisonm en t now before us, that more than the merest necessaries of life was within ld from:hirn." The story is well writ ten, and the auth )r has evidently taken great pains to give a full and faithful description of the customs and dress of the Scots i in the sixteenth century, and also of the Norwegians at the same period; but we are inclined to think that if he had dispensed with a few of the toilets of the Indies and gentlemen, the reader would not have missed them much, and would per haps have enjoyed the book better. The plot is simple, interesting, and peculiar. Inasmuch that three young ladies forsake their,lovers, or betrotheds, for higher born and less virtuous admirers, and on finding themselves tieceived throw themselves into the arms of their former lovers and are at once accepted, as if nothing had happened to diminish their former affection. One, indeed, to prove her sincerity, is hanged in the place of her lover, who is so shocked in consequence that he becomes a wanderer upon the face of the earth. The character of James Hepburn Earl of Bothwell, as drawn by Mr. Grant, is just what the reader would fancy such an accomplished, unscrupulous, gentlemanly villain to b e ; w hil e Black Hob of Ormiston gives a good representation of the unbelieving, ruffianly, petty lords who flou rished in Scotland after the Reformation. The two following extracts are a fair sample of the work, the one describing Bothwell when his career is over, the other the reunion of Conrad and Anna : " The sun, as ho sot in the western ocean, shed a mellow light upon the wide expanse of shore that stretched upon their lee —on many an impending cliff, on the dark summits of which waved the old primeval pines of Scandinavia, and on whose bases the waters of the west were dashing in foam—on many a wooded wilder ness, amid the recesses of which the wolves were prowl ing by the Druid stones of Loda, and the long-forgotten grave of many a gothic chief. " Buried in reverie, with folded arms and saddened eyes, Bothwell watched the changing features and wind ings of that foreign shore, with all its pathless woods, volcanic rocks, and dark blue hills, throwing their deepen ing shadows on each other, as the burning sun sank in the distant sea, and the dusky tints o f n i g ht s h e d upon the scenery a gloom in unison with his own dark thoughts and bitter memories. .‘ Bitter and sad they were truly; but how unavailing! "Now separated from the evil influence of Ormiston and others, he deplored his wickedness and folly with an intensity that amounted to agony. Had the universe been his, he would have given it that he might live the last year of his life over again, with the experience in his mind of what the guilt, the terrors, the anxieties, and remorse of that year had been. " With sorrow, with envy, yes, with agony, he looked back to the position he had held in the estimation of others, and of himself; and felt, in the bitterness of his soul that the eminence could never more be re-soon. " Never more, never more I It was a terrible re flection. " He thought, too, of the native land he might never see again; and— " Of many a tale of love and war That mingled with the scene; Of Bothwell's bank that bloom'd so dear, And Bothwell's bonny Jean." But he thought of Anna only with anger, for no human heart could ever contain two loves. Jane Gordon he remembered with feelings of compunction, when he mused on her unrepining gentleness and devoted love; but he thought most of Mary, and, forgetting that he was himself a captive, laid many a wild and futile scheme to freo and to avenge her. "He could not flee from his own thoughts. They would come again and again, weighing like an incubus upon his mind, alike in the bright sunshine of noon and the solemn silence of night; amid the heedless revelry of the Norwegian officers he longed for solitude, and in solitude the stings of conscience drove him back to revelry and wine; and thus the deep and morbid horror that hoar by hour, and day by day, had everywhere pursued him, settled down like a cloud of darkness on his soul. " Long since satiated with pleasure, sick of ambition, and wearied of the world, he now found how deep were the stings of unavailing regret. " The day, we have said. went down, and night spread her spangled mantle on the darkened water and the moonlit sea. " Brightly in its calm beauty the evening star arose from the dark heaving line of the northern ocean, and Bothwell thought of the time when he had last watched that orb expanding on the night, as it rose above the ruined spire of St. Mary-in-the-Field. "At that moment, a cry—that seemed to be wafted over the surface of the water—made his ears and heart tingle, as it passed away on the skirt of the hollow wind. "Bothwell grew ghastly pale, ho covered his ears with his hands, and rushed away to his cabin in despair." " Konrad had no intention of remaining in a place where all was so changed to him; but, ere he turned to leave it for ever, be paused a moment irresolutely. Since last ho stood there, all that had passed appeared like a dream, but a sad and bitter one. His heart melted within him at the very thought of his own desolation; a shower of tears would have relieved him, but he had none to shed, for his eyes felt dry and stony. " Why should I remain here, where not ono is loft to care for me now ?' he said with a smile, as if in scorn of the weakness that made him linger, and, turning away, was about to retire, when a sound arrested him; once more the arras rose and fell, and Anna stood be fore him. He gazed upon her without the power of utterance. " She was alone. " With a . heightened colour in hor cheek, and a charm ing timidity in her eye, she approached, and, touching his arm, said— "'Christina told me thou wort here, Konrad; and wouldst though go without ono greeting —one farewell— to me?' " Her accents sank into his inmost soul; he trembled hvneath her touch, and felt all his resolution melting fast away. "' Unkind Konrad!' said she, with ono of her sad but most winning smiles, 'is this the friendship thou didst vow to me at Westeray?' " ' I have learned, Anna, that love can never bo sue ecediA by friendship. It runs to the other extreme— the impulsrs t h e, human heart cannot pause midn•sy.' " Thou halt learned to hate me, then?' " ' Heaven forbid!' replied Konrad, elapsing his hands; hate thee, Anna? oh no:' "His eyes were full of the sweetness and ardour of the days of their first love, and Anna's filled with tears. " I have long wished,' she faltered in a low and broken voice, while seating herself on the bench of one of those deeply-recessed windows near them—' I have long wished to see thee once more,' she repeated, with out raising her timid eyes, 'to implore —not thy par don, dear Konrad, for that I have no right to expect— but—that thou wilt not remember me with bitterness'— "Konrad muttered something—he knew not what. " ' I feel, Konrad, that I owe thee much for all I have made thee suffer; and I have now seen the worth and faith of thy heart when contrasted with mine own, and I blush fur my weakness —my wickedness—my folly. thou mayst deem this unwomanly—indelicate; but in love we are equal, and why may not one make repara tion as the other—l as well as thou? I have lived, I say, to learn the value of the heart that loved me so well, and which, in a moment of frenzy—infatuation 0, dearest Konrad! call it what thou wilt—l forsook for another—another who betrayed me by a semblance of religious rites—oh! spare me the rest!' . . . " Anna,' said Konrad, in a choking voice, as he rose to retire—but, instead, drew nearer to her; ' though my eye may be hollow, my cheek pale, and my heart soured and saddened, its first sentiment for thee hath never altered. Anna—Anna, God knoweth that it hath not! For all thou hest made me endure for the past two years—from my heart—from my soul, I forgive thee, and I pray that thou mayst be happy. Anna— dearest Anna—l am going far away from the hills and woods of Bergen, to juin the Lubeckers, or perhaps the Knights of Rhodes in their warfare in the distant East, for I have doomed myself to exile; but I still regard thee as I did, when we were in yon far isle of Westeray —as my sister—as my friend. As we first met in this old castle hall, when thou wert bat a guileless girl and I a heedless boy, so shall we now part. All is forgotten— all is forgiven. And now—farewell; may the mother of God bless thee!' "He kissed her hand, and his tears fell upon it; he turned to leave the hall, but a giddiness came over him, and a film overspread his eyes. "He still felt the hand of Anna in his: another mo ment, and she sank upon his breast. All her love for him had returned; and all her womanly delicacy, and overweening pride, had given way before the more ten der and generous impulses this sudden reunion with her early lover had called up within her. " 06, Konrad!' she whispered, while almost suffo cated by her tears, if my heart, though soared and saddened, is still prized by thee, it is thine, as in the days of our first love.' " And, borne away by his passion, the forgiving Konrad pressed her close and closer to his breast. And here, sayeth the Magister Absalom, in his quaint papers, here endeth the most important Hoke in this our Historie.' " A CHARGE DELIVERED to the CLERGY of the DIOCESE of ST. DAVID'S, by Connop Thirlwall, D.D., Bishop of St. David's, at his Fourth Visitation, in October, 1851. Rivingtons, London. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) The first object to be regarded in criticism is always the intention of the work under review, and next the indications of ability or disability manifested in carrying out that intention. The business of an episcopal charge is generally to instruct, counsel, and exhort the diocesan clergy, adapting each several ad monition to the varied exigencies of time, place, and circumstances. These principles, therefore, taken in connexion with the exor di um o f D r. Thir;wall, will materially assist the formation of a correct judgment upon the merits of his present production. The charge begins as follows : " My Reverend Brethren,—The period which has elapsed since our last meeting has been marked by oc currences of no slight immediate moment to the Church, and fraught with consequences which are perhaps only now beginning to unfold themselves ; but to my view still more important as indications of certain mighty currents of thought an d f ee l ing which, according to the course they may take, may produc e vast changes both in the outward and the inward con dition of the Church, and in her relation to the State. To stay or control these tendencies may be beyond the power of any man, or body of men, even if it were possible for any one to stand wholly aloof from them, as a mere spectator completely ex empt from their influence. B ut i t may not the less concern each of us, both for his inward peace and his practical guidance, to form a clear not i on of their nature and bearings, and I consider it as a main part of my duty, on this occasion, to aid your judgment to the best of my a bili ty , b y the statement of my own views on the principal questions affecting the Church which have recently occupied public attention. But before I enter on this larger field, I feel it necessary to advert to some topics of more im mediate local interest, concerning the condition and prospects of the diocese, which is the sphere of our common ministerial labours." The first clause of this' mysterious 'paragraph in vites alike clerical hearers and lay readers to exercise their ingenuity in discovering what the Bishop may mean by the words " no slight immediate moment;" but, gladlye, accepti ng his promise of " practical guidance •to " c l ear notions," we acquiesce in his postponem en t o f theoreticalquestions, and yield our undivided attention to his Lordship's exposition of the present condition of his diocese, Dr. Thirlwall proceeds to congratul a t e his clergy upon the im provement which has recently taken place in the con dition of ecclesiastical buildings, and the increase of church accommodation. Ile alludes to his visits to "very nearly all the most secluded and least easily accessible parts of the diocese," visits which he seems to think, after all their meritorious toils were but of dubious benefit, In consequence of his clergy's unprompted In a foot- no t e to page 7the Bishop gives th e most p l eas i ng piece of information afforded afforded by this Charge. He says— " I have consecrated fourteen churches, and expect to consecrate another within a very few weeks. The num ber of churches which have been rebuilt from the foun dation, or completely renovated, is between thirty and forty; and when those which are now in progress are completed, will, I believe, exceed the latter number." We are not aware that the parochial statistics and notes of the Commissioners of Education of 1847 have ever been invalidated, although the prejudiced opinions of those Commissioners on the social state of the principality are now justly regarded as ill grounded and fallaci o u s . Th e following particulars, quoted from the reports by Sir Thomas Phillips (vide " Wales," pp. 400-1), are deemed to have been un questionable facts, and it is but too probable that such they still rem a i n . Th ey b e l ong to certain districts in the diocese of St. David's, and county of Pem broke : " DEWISLAND HUNDRED. " Out of twenty-one parishes, containing an aggre gate population of 10,840, no less than twelve parishes, containing a population of 2,392, are utterly unprovided with day-schools; thirteen parishes, containing a popu lation of 3,401, are without a resident clergyman; and eleven parishes, containing a population of 2,462, are without either a day-school or a resident clergy man." " KEMESS HUNDRED. " Of its twenty-six parishes, containing a population of 15,559, no less than thirteen parishes, containing a population of 3,460, are without a day-school; and fourteen parishes, containing a population of 3,773, are without a resident clergyman; and twelve parishes, con taining a population of 2,386, are without either a day school or a resident clergyman." If the Bishop of St. David's had taken these cases, and with them the long additional array furnished by the pages of th e same reports, and going through them one by one had severally added a list of the pal liatives or remedies applied during the last four years, by a patient and careful hand to counteract and abo lish abuses so flagrant, the simple rectitude of such a proceeding must have won universal respect, while an opposite course of conduct inevitably involves him in the ignominy of the guilty. From the days o f Si r R o b ert W a l po l e St. David's bas been known as a most unhappy diocese. In fact, reading the Words chancellor for vizier, bishop for sultan, and mired churches for ruined villages, the fable of " The Language of Birds" might not inappo sitely have been applied for many years past to the forlorn diocese of St. David's, for long generations of owls have probably dowered their progeny with its dilapidated school-rooms, ;forsaken parish churches, and mouldering chapels of ease. At p. 7 the Bishop darkly alludes to " statements which have of late been industriously circulated;" and at pp. 11-12, abruptly striking at an unmentioned censor, he says— " If the state of the diocese with regard to its churches and schools had been brought before the public for any purpose like that with which an appeal has lately been made, with very happy success, in behalf of a neighbour ing diocese, I should certainly not have been tempted to weaken the force of such a representation, even if it had been somewhat overcharged, by exhibiting the brighter side of the subject; and I am now more anxious that our wants should be known, than that the efforts we have made to supply them should be duly appreciated. But the statements to which I have been adverting are manifestly calculated for ends widely different from that of exciting sympathy in our favour." " Sympathy is our favour r Could a' Walpole, a Reeve, a Radcliffe, and a Scott, exercising their united powers of romantic fiction, contrive to invest with attractive interest parish priests neglecting their duty, disgracing their calling, and desecrating their churches, while rural deans, archdeacons, and bishops stand by to tolerate or connive at such flagitious abuses ? Let statements of such facts be made in what spirit they may, such facts must in themselves arouse our indignation alike against the persons who commit and the persons who allow of their commis sion, while awakenin g our regret and all our noblest, tenderest sympathies fur the alienated people and for the sacred cause of Christian truth. Still alluding to the same statements, the Bishop adds— " They not only contain many gross misrepresenta tions in matters of detail, but, while they suppress all notice of what has been done, they studiously keep out of sight the peculiar circumstances of the CM', which aro the main causes of our difficulties and of our weak ness, and thus can only tend to mislead." A refereace for this sentence to the appendix will sur prise the reader by the few and comparatively slight exceptions taken against the grievous " matters of detail" mentioned in the published speech of Si r Benjamin Hall, d e li vere d i n the Howe of Coinni on .., .July I, 1..1,7,1. The Bishop's own nceount of the con dition of his diocese is, however, when thorougly con sidered, by far the most melancholy o f an y yet put forth. It pewerfully, though most unintentionally, recalls, by a narration of visible and tangible effects, the sad memory of past and passing generations, through which the prosperity of the Welsh Church has been recklessly sacrificed to a political whim, alike baseless in wisdom and ruinous in practice. Still alluding to Sir B. Hall's speech, the Bishop says (pp. 12, 13, 14) — Similarly partial and invidious is the notice which has been taken of the large proportion of churches in the diocese in which service is celebrated only once on the Lord's•day. This fact can only be viewed in its true light when placed by the side of other parts of the sta tistics of the diocese—as the low average value of the livings, the scarcity of parsonage-houses, and the number of clergymen who have the charge of more than one churcb. Inquiries which I have recently made fur the purpose of ascertaining the present state of the case with regard to these points have furnished the following remarkable results, in which I have no reason to sus pect the possibility of any material error:—l find, that out of 411 benefices—the whole number contained in this diocese-156 aro under the yearly value of 1001., 265 under 1501., 333 under 2001. Of the remainder, 53 are under 3001., 14 under 400 L, 8 under 5001., 2 exceed the value of 6001., and there is 1 above 8001. With re gard to parsonage-houses, it appears that there are at present only 161 habitable residences, while the e ire of 339 churches is divided among no more than 162 clergy men. These facts throw a strong light on one another, and on the complaints which I hare heard ever since I i have been connected with the diocese —that the supply of clergymen is miserably inadequate to the necessities of the Church—a complaint which has been occasionally urged upon me as a ground for relaxing my general rules as to the admission of candidates for holy orders. Independently, however, of the impediments arising from these most widely operative causes, to prevent the intention of tho Church from being more fully carried out as to this part of her ordinances, there are many local circumstances, not capable of being reduced into a statis tical form, which raise peculiar difficulties in dealing with the subject, and increase the reluctance and mis giving with which I should in any case enforce the in troduction of a second Sunday service, against the will and judgment of the minister. I trust, nevertheless, that I may still be allowed to witness a growing im provement on this head also; though I am aware that it must always be narrowly limited, so long as the impe diments which I have pointed to remain; and that these are such as we cannot hope to see very speedily abated. I shall detain you but a little longer with a few remarks on one or two kindred topics before I pass to others of more general interest. But I must say a few words on the question of archidiaconal visitations in this diocese, which has of late been brought so prominently forward. I am, however, happily relieved from the necessity of touching on that part of the subject which personally affects myself, and of vindicating myself from the eharge of having prevented or forbidden my archdea cons, or any of them, from holding their visitations, because the state of the case in that respect is now so fully known, and so generally understood, as to render any further explanation of it superfluous, But I think it right to state my view of the present position of the archdeacons, with regard to the different branches of their duties." Proceeding to propound his views state of the law, an d to exonerate of theif uncertain from all hinm responsibility as to the archdeacons visiting or not visiting their proper districts, his Lordship leaves the unfortunate functionaries at their own risk and peril, to dare or not to dare, as courage may prompt or timidity restrain, " the serious inconveniences" and divers which the Bishop opines Pains and,' penalties . may possibly attend the exercise of their "defective" and " pr ecar i ou s" authority. After comparing the offices of archdeacon a nd rural dean, with a faint in dication of preferen ce for the latter, the Bishop pro ceeds to repel , as an insult, the charitable suppo s iti on that when things amiss were observed by the ordi nary, and reported to the diocesan, their immediate remedy must follow. He says (p. 17)— " On the other hand, I must observe, that the impor tance of both is absurdly, as well as mischievously, ex aggerated, when language is used which implies that nothing more is needed for the correction of whatever may be found amiss in the matters which lie within their province, than that it should be brought under the cog nizance of the ordinary. Wherever else this may bo tho case, it is certainly far otherwise in this diocese. No power with which the law has invested either arch. deacon or bishop can provide a remedy for the imps veritAment of the Church, the poverty of tho people, t ho apathy of her friends, the hostility of her adversaries. be Still less can it supply the p lace of f a i t hf ulness and zeal, should they unharpily Wanting, i n the parochial minister, on whose spontaneous energy, though it cannot itself overcome all difficulties, more undoubted] Y depends than on any oth er h uman instrument or agency what soever." At p. 18 the Bishop alludes to a projected pecuniary arrangement, made with an evident wish to benefit the diocese, but in that conditional mood which all the thoughts of Dr. Thirl wall so naturally assume as their appropriate form of expression ; he proposes, if there should happen to be a surplus of episcopal in come at " the next septennial cycle" of his occupation of the see, to devote that surplus to the augmentation of certain poor livings. This prospective benefit being of course subject to the further contingency of Bishop Thirlwall's translation or death. In pp. 19- 211., the present state and prospects of the Church of England, with the probable judgment of psterity upon them, are surveyed with characteristic fluctua tions of vision. Hitherto the frequent use of nega tive propositions, and the introduction of qualifying phrases, such as "I do not mean that it is not," be fore, behind, and in the midst of every statement, have tended much to perplex the reader's perceptions ; but entering now upon more abstruse matter, it must be hove him to exert his keenest powers. Dr. Thin-- wall has evidently given much time and thought to th e consideration of the various ecclesiastical questions of th e day ; and it is impossible duly to estimate his literary labours without patiently following his steps through the labyrinthian depths of polemic disquisi tion. Versed in the subtile niceities of disputation, the erudite Bishop proceeds, with unwonted alacrity and zest, to examine the ecclesiastical questi on o f " Gorham 2, - the Bishop of Exeter." Emu endealating the toils of Sisyphus, he industriou s l y vours ifs of " the amount of the agreement and the variance exhibited" by the parties and their advocates. He alleges that none a them distinctly knew " that ambiguity which raised the difficulty,' nor understood the state of the question which they solitary repercussion the rgued. Long bandying in a o pinions of the s e hostile the ologians, he pauses to investigate the probability and improbability of Calirvi's adopting a certain disputed dogma; and after devoting no less than 30 pages of his charge to such aca d emic exercises, leaves. the sub ject under the very same ci rcumstances which his Lordship describes the Court of Appeal to have done : 1. e., "Involved i n a d egree of obscurity and per plexity through which they could not find their way to a clear determination !" Alas ! for the unlucky clergy of his diocese who bad perhaps Presumptu ously expected t o b e a bl e t o understands when set before them in print, the series of propositions which had orally baffled their keen intelligence; for now, hopelessly posed, they reproachfully confess with Dr. Blackmore : " We no solution of our question find, Your words bewilder, not direct the mind.'. Henceforth let each remember the varied reading of a great philosopher's injunction : "If a man's wit be not apt to distinguish or find diff e re nces , l et him study 'Dr. Thirlwall.' " Like the departed heroe s of Ossian, Bishop Thirlwall is a Son of the Mist, and always travels in his cloud. Obscurity invests him, his pages are emphatically shades, where the nameless and undefined forms of certain personages glance in and out, now in disconsolate soliloquy, then in disso nant icolloquy, ever with restless steps and feeble movement, treading uncertainly backwards and forwards through the intricate mazes of error. " Words," says Locke, "are made to declare some thing ; where they are by those who pretend to in struct, otherwise used, they conceal indeed something, but that which they conceal is nothing but the igno rance, error, or sophistry of the talker, for there is in truth nothing else un d er them." When first begin ning to make out a foreign book, the learner pauses at ,intervals to translate the difficult idioms into words of plain sense in his native tongue. Such must likewise be the coarse of the diligent student in perusing the writings of Bishop Thirlwall. That " extempore' readiness of wit" which the ju dicious Hooker deprecated in all exponents of his terse paragraphs, ;may more profitably perhaps be summoned now to assist the weary faculties of labo rious students with some bright and happy conjec tures as to the probable ultimate meaning of the various involutions, convolutions, and revolutions of Bishop Thirl wall's disquisitions. His Lordship next discusses at some length the questions of Church Synods, Papal Aggression, and Liturgical Innova tions, leaving upon these, as upon all :other subjects, the ends of his arguments hanging like the floating filaments of gossamer thrown short of their mark by the weaving spider. The Bishop throughout intermixes intimations with dissertations : opinions and reasons on which those opinions are poised. It is well known that the effect of literary compositions both in prose and verse is often greatly enhanced when a piece happens fortu nately to be read under a similar combination of cir cumstances to that in which it originated. The dis courses of Dr. Thirlwall ever breathe the most tedious extension of leisure, therefore a very deliberate, con siderate, and oft repeated peruiall becomes absolutely indispensable to their perfect comprehension and en joyment—that enjoyment consisting in the spectacle of ingenuity afforded by incessant counterbalancings that perfect comprehension being only an assured con viction, that " True no meaning puzzles more than wit." That the Bishop by his present charge has neither aided the judgment of his clergy, nor kindled their pious zeal, is but too obvious, from the irresolute un certainties and frigid indifference with which the whole compw,ition is fraught. A few brief .9entences 00 pp. alone identify it: as the work . of nj Christian chief-pastor. I'o teach a f e ll ow -t emg think is the high , st privilege of gifted intellect. Th. unidesi;ed work of 0-e feeble and the perverse is to lead other minds to hesitation, 8(' and universrd doubt. Far La it crew us to depreciate the value of any species of learning : all, in their several degrees, are of important use, and deserve proportionate honour. But the knowledge which blesses the Christian Church by its diffusion can never be the indecisive result of scholastic disputation delivered with latitudinarian coldness. It is, it must be, the rich treasure, accumulated by an earnestly inquiring mind, poured forth by a full heart, intent on per suading others to trust an enlightened judgment, to sympath'ss in humanity's holiest feeling, and zealously to share the heavenly work of aiding mortal sinners to become immortal saints. THE PRESS IN THE UNITED STATES The following is a statistical account of the ritys_ paper press in the United States. The whole num ber of journals in the United States on the Ist of June, 1850, amounted to 2,800. From calculations made on the statistics rep orte d to the Secretary of the Interior, it appears that the aggregate circulation of these two thousand eight hundred papers and periodicals is about 5,000,000, and that the entire number of copies printed annually in the United States amounts to 422,600,00 0 . The following table will show the number of daily, weekly, monthly an d other issues, with the aggregate circulation of each class : Dailies Tri-weeklies Semi-weeklies Weeklies i i Number. 350 150 125 2,000 Circulation. Number of Copie s printed annually. Semi-monthlies Monthlies Quarterlies Total ... 750,000 2 35,000,00 75,000 11 ,700,0'k70 80,000 8,320,000 2,875,000 149,500000 300,000 7 , 2 00,000 900,000 10 ,800,000 20,000 0,000 5 ,000,000 422,60000 2,800 Since the census was taken a large number of new journals have been established, chiefly in the State of California and in the territories of Oregon, New Mexico, Utah, and Mineeota. There is a puma!, edited with spirit and ability, among the Cheruoakicee Indians, which is printed in the Cherokee ? many o f t heidaily and characters. Copies of a great narly papers are sold at one cent each; batcents. Of the two thirds are sold at from two to f e ar are issued in the above number of publication Eastern States, 876 i n the publications 424 States, 716 in the Southern States, There is one journ'g for So d 784 er i i n 7, t 1 h s e 4 I f Ir r e ee st i e n r h n ab S ita ta n te ts s . . v every y s the editor is both the In the great toPritoor printer and publisher, texhibits the extent and power of the proprietor, of his paper. The above statemen t exhibits utmost liberty is allowed ; the Americ 3ll3'l ' B e :be law of libel. 1 only check 1 NSW ZEALAND.—Letters and papers from Wel. lington to the 16th of September have been received, but they do not furnish much information b e y on d matters of purely local interest. The state of the colony is described as generally satisfactory. RAILWAY Comaslorr.—On Saturday, between twelve and one o'clock at midday, as the mail train which leaves Birmingham at 6 A.M. arrived near Liverpool, on the London and North-Western line, when between Huyton and Roby stations, the express train, due about the same time, cane in contact with it, and several passengers by the former train received severe injuries. The mail train, was, never theless, allowed to proceed on to Liverpool, those who were injured bleeding profusely all the way. In one carriage six persons were very seriously and three dangerously wounded. One of them, Miss Rogers, of Huyton, was conveyed to the house of Dr. B a i n b r i gg, in Islington-square, where it was found that she had sus t a i ne d great injury i n the head, the skull being in one place laid completely bare. were promptly dress e d, b ut the young lady w" progressing too much to injured to pe rm it o f h er return home, an d was convoyed the house of a friend i n Liverpool, where she is The wounds favourably. COTTON ~,.ILL ikt mills belonging Dasmorign sr Film—One of the to Mr. Elkansh Ch eetham, of St oc k port , called the Lower Carr Mills,Milis was on Friday morning dis covered to be on fire. The loss is estimated at about 4,0001., covered by intniranceS. Two little girls, named Caroline and Hannah Lewis . , aged respectively f o ur and a half y ears and fifteen m onths, the children of poor parents, met an untimely death by fire, on Tuesday, at Gloucester, during the absence of thtir i mother, who left them alone in the house. ............ dui, 4 . s u d Pe a t Leo el iebe d coli! ,ooc° d gef• 0 99. 56°' dul l. 0 rer PO: PPP 6e (° rv id 004 r 311' ill ~00 s l° pee d , l 00 r 1 13614 10 .1 1 ;di do e 00 ' S ''o 0 03 odd ' CO.