The Sun. — London, England, 1851-09-04 00:00:00

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BLACKWOOD. Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton in part XIII. - of " My Novel" fully maintains the interest of the former parts it s as it a l ways has been hitherto, the great feature of the number in which it appears. Black wood waxes furious against the new scheme of re form to be proposed by Lord J o h n R usse ll even before its details are known, and in an article en titled " Disfranchisement of the Throughs" pleads with the frantic energy of despair the causes of the Scarboroughes, the Ihrwiches, the St. Albanses, and ths 0 t _ iler " corrupt an d stupid boroughs, " and tibility doing so informs us that it is upon the corrup and stupidity of these and such like P la ces that the Protectionists b u ild th e i r h opes o f an anti-Free -trade majority in the next Parliament. The fieccentricities of Mr. Ruskin are corrected by a kith cAla applic a ti on of the crutch, whilst at the same time .all justice is do ne t o hi s merits. The paper on " Pon tuguese Politics" i s a l ame and unsuccessful attempt to rehabilitate Don Miguel, the prototype of the cruel an perfidiou s b oy, who at present tyrannises over t ult Val and encourages the false and treacherous b4g4ull of Napl es . Th ose who wish really to do Don th i cl a service cannot more effectually serve him , r a n by per m i tt i ng him to remain in obscurity. The i_u_nie of ber winds up with an exc e ll en tly narra t e d d ro l- Jer entitled " The Con gress an d th e A gape d ome ; a ' Peace and Love." late zuley BENTLEY. °pens this month with a " Memoir of the „r jar, Lingard," illustrated by an admirably-en ,6aved portrait of the great Catholic historian. " The , i ? ( lra in Paris during the last thirty years" is . a it'asant resume of the gossip anent the Academ . ie b a c) ,, 31 1 de A/Insigne and the Opera Comique, which notice pee current ' during that period, and includes I ;,..tees of bygone operas and bygone performers, 7i_uleh cannot but prove interesting to " old stagers" ;_reaufiniscences, and to " young stagers" as convey information. 111.!,..eeable information. The valuable series the 4 A t 7, "Pe and the Kafirs" is continued, a . s are L o •'. c dotes of Duelling" and the " Life of the Ras ti si sla ; 73a Swamp Doctor." We have also a pleasant . pav,-13ng biographical memoir of the Marquis de 'afil and several other amusing papers. a • . review of The • FRAS.ER. 4! (+rev s Iv Mr. Gladstone's translation of 1815 wor k entitled " The Roman State, from Of pr to 185 0," with which the September number aetz ie ( 43 / er o pens, puts us au niveau des connaisances Itaii - " e s , as regards the present state ;of affairs in t h e . hi s ,141 Peninsula, and represents to us Pie Nino the prie Erne sg , colours, as one in whom the spirit of eeto'ced hrs completely subdued and over sole the spirit o f h uman it y , an d w h ose tef ors°b•jett, ,in proposin g th e administrative hi ~ s willan marked the commencement of tern,:g,c) was to confirm and consolidate the d trencher power of th e cler g y. The falseness an ar e 4 , e rY of the Ring of Naples, the pet of the Pope, the aitlVOnatiged in terms of honest indignation, pedant politician e r •Y of the weathercock career of the , th e nlelan, Pellegrino de Rossi, is admirably narra t e d. Grei zo k f r , l W as a Brummagem Guizot, with less than and wa s genius, and with all his faults exaggerated, the peo p l e, unPepultir with the clergy as he was with In th ° Ple• We are glad to see Fraser doing justice leiliasee e ls : o r r t e i rn ele os t t o the much maligned Mazzini: be is sa th°fYlutareh's men and will be hereafter regarded man Of his day. " The Episodes of hope et Life" are concluded in this number, and sowe t t L ill th e " Age of Veneer ;" it promised well a ig i\i's.uut latterly there has been a sad falling off. In in favour°en the Newspaper Stamp," Fraser declares a ceohL o f the continuance of the penny stamp but te eo "'". of the postage, facilities which it affords, 0 _ th e 'calends the abolition of the paper duty and . f We adve rt i se t he duty, a recommendation in which G- EN TLE:IIAIV S. 814 41 ( 1 s e l 3l "rth Dixon contributes some curious ori- W , illi r,, c)c t itne ctfi, which prove to demonstration that 4.l4yea—,a,cc, ands founder of Pennsylvania, was a V.r 0 7,,, - „ 4 er ; eeing it was the custom of the age to own slaves Mr. Dixon does not blame Si r 3711,en therefor. Syl ' vanus Urban announces that l' e lhei,%" 4 , l tomilly, the new Master of the Rolls, has fome nt afrord literary men increased facilities °t ast e-118416 ' 1 g the original records of which the .h h b ,t (I(3 e B r „, °f the Rolls is the guardian —a boon for which We h a ; v es the best thanks of every literary man. l'iewae) in addition, several admirably written re ci : i ar ielis ° ,, i n r ecently published historical works, an on most points in history and archw. e Thi s AINSW O RTH'S . bet vvithatital periodical opens its September num :, t; h e th i c a a co ntinuation of the " Lancashire Witches. eeeriptio e nePter contains a graphic and beautiful ; L 'aPtA; ll " The Boggart's Glen." In the fourth ” IN L -11(1 th e —e s cene between the "reeve of the forest ,••u org ,,ter ror•stricken and astonished attorney,. l t'/Vlis2"Aretts, is amusin. The next paper, , entitled 'eat In elia B b " professes t. °° el • The other papers are, " The MS. :and re the British Museum," full of observa- " Thjstrireflections calculated to repay the reader; - ' 41.(1-11 1) Club; or, Greetings and Gather , - " h °I all - Up atton.i," by a Member ; Dante s 'd b 4 Nicholas Michell ; "The Vir tiaw:44l4l:7:oB:-;:e4a;n" 4C Dr. Lardner's Handbook of Natural ` l l ,eser ve , - ruY and Astronomy" (which receives, as it Just and favourable notice) ; "Florence 13 9 Miss Julia Addison ; the " Wat r ery Rarat the Confederates • or, the Days of , 3/ ‘ Parm a "A Story ' of an Organ," The ar lieell, " ' A Summer Memory," by E. E. M. Real m . t• V eronica • or, the Ordeal of Fire." Alto ti°4-forilinBzvorth for this month sustains its reputa 'variety and excellence. 4. l h e -ÜBLIN UNIVERSITY. the „iveitUrnber for the current month fully sustains tehe, established reputation of our talented con e rur l . - e,,, e vt , j:. It opens with an elaborate notice of the 1 , 1 , "tile §.1.1' by the learned and enthusiastic author of i.." 4 eiee ev en Lamps of Architecture," which it stylese_ enetouth lamp, designating it as " the Lamp f "mi en 'l th d.' Next follows some additional " Leaves "titi en - 1 Portfolio of a Manager," the eighth contr e r . NO 4 - fr om the veteran, which will be heartily w e by b. t t r e btel f o .i r is numerous friends, no less from sincere o re ,the author, who never had an enemy,_ than n . r 4 ras ‘ 4 : i r own unquestionable merits. Step - ,?rni e t tl e -111 some of the later writers against the stage "uee -- ,e, subjects in the present number. Weve, eoli'e ule conclusion of " Warm Water v ersus'a given r i n which an interesting account th i , a nd th o " the renowned inventor of hydropa y chi c e Proceedings carried on under his auspices, eeettic should satisfy the most energetic patient who . fil et eevete his entire time to the prescribed reme tie ß The cold douche, the " half batb," the " sit , - tile -, (" d a ta," the " cold foot-bath," the " wet compass," to t e lle tea e r T i la eliing up," are all given in turn, so that Lcts f4„'eArn the course pursued at the head-lqudar '4lty°o""e water cure. The account of a sing ,, e ßi a s y e pe ra r oieloclE in the morning, 4 fo ur the uninitiated in these matters. ' and h ath l l rat ien till ' old ' dry packing up, e eight, followed irnmediatly by i l l', Me l . 11 4 ', 1 ,"') and drink teat C r a uche bath ; some glasses of walk k o t ld e qe , 4 '7 the way „breakfast ; rest an hour, 4e sin fa r wo hours ; walk walk after it ; dine 'packedat:oneov'n'clodcrkyi again, t(lre L 't hree hours' erspiration ; succeeded 1. 1144 t i3s ' cold bath,' p walk, supper, `sitting bath,' a. ~l ' atieu - e, , be d. Verily, the pursuit of health is . a _1 _ °chile „,-,j)ecupation. We should not be surprised if lise4S"'"allt consider the remedy even worse than "They S et consider the remedy even worse than any h which they had ever been afflicted. o _ tZezirsate Two Visits" is a most humorous account i f t° 1 1 „„, rdinary changes produced among a set o Roll of by a report of the expected eleva- t oltt th e au amiable country clergyman to a sea ", 1 , 4 b„,, episcopal bench. The barrister, with d is `le f i a 6 , well crammed with briefs, an 'llviliCuLonable physician and a host of minor whom thel sad on the old college companion i'lliel„,cl u nhesitatingly cut a few years before. ritou; tee Tierney" is continued with unabated :as tC T he Count de Maurepas turns out to be n o Zrde h tla P allehe, and the innocent Cure from the d "% e _ae, r e ; -8 no less than an experienced Mouchar l 411 111 0 -ce meets once more his old friend Colone 11 4 44 Il i e no longer a gay officerof dragoons, but a half i 4kir4"igitive. D. F. McCarthy contributes an a: - 0. 4 etiotice of Calderon's " Constant Prince," being ~,tag,o , f ....the " Scenes an d S tor i es from t h e Spanish ' 3 Qat e h . Jonathan Freke Slingsby gives us his e ven exPeriences, interspersed with many of his Fend 0f cal gems. He also tells an exquisite "Le- Th e r l l -43 ch Dochart," that will enchant the readers.. a k'iteb I st of the Macarthys," a pleasing poetical rery ' "Ines next, a n d th e num b er conc l udes w i t h a h erl , B l trilzi ng paper on " The Church of Rome in that P° w i t h Secular Governments, " a subject a nd rasesses peculi ar i n t eres t a t th e present moment, ite et , 3 I VIliCh We may possibly advert hereafter i n ti er part of our jeurnal. Th e s N MO .A 1 T HLE %tut,. ePtember number of this periodical fully %erittlins i ts literary pos i t i on amongst the monthlly. te rc ,.,. 8. Many o f the papers are o f deep i a nd afl ar e a d m i rably ~ written, ,i whether Patin 41 or origin a l. Th e first paper, Tne Great i a 1 011:etos," by 111 r. Cl ut t cr b uc k o f Cripplegate, ou t a genuine humour, and cannot be read w . ith tans,4l"°ll3 and healthful exercise of the r . isi , hle_ 1) 4 1 1 - a - ii 4 * The other papers are " The Patriarch, le ! ri ca fli bY J. E. Carpenter ; " The Englih An „ Ootie ,T h e Requital of Prances Hildyard; -the; of 1-amaartmo's History of the Restoration, title jxtracts from which are like all the author's pro souct_teornsest,,,eloquent, graceful, and poetical ; Hester Niehohu Michell; " Children of the THE SUN, Sky," by Caroline de Crespigny ; "A Ghost Story of Normandy;" " Oriental Travel ;" "The Veiled Pic ture;" " To her Hand in Age," by Captain 319dwin ; " A Festival of Art." The number closes with a sensible and clever paper on a subject deeply inte resticg to literary men throughout tho world—" I.ln reciprocated Copyright," BANKER' S. The present number contains more than an aver age quantity of useful information, not only for those engaged in banking or commercial pursuits, but for the general reader. The first paper refers to the " proposed banking institute," which was, we believe, first suggested by the editor of The Banker's Maga zine, and the importance of which will be fully ap preciated by the influential and intelligent body to which it relates. It also gives an excellent notice of the elaborate paper read by Mr. J. T. Danson before the Statistical Society, respecting the amount of gold and silver sent from America to Europe, from 1492 to 1804 and 1848, and two able articles, one on " Currency and Californian Gold," and on the "Effect of a Reduction in the Value of Gold on Existing Contracts," a question of peculiar significance when the Californian and the more recent Australian discoveries are taken into con sideration. There are also other matters which will be found well worthy of perusal. Oa the whole the present number will be found to be one of considerable merit and great practical utility. MISCELLANEOUS. The Sportsman, which is illustrated by two well executed engravings; the Farmer's Magazine, simi larly embellished ; the Ladies' Companion, with its coloured plates of September fashions and several pretty tales; and the two religious periodicals of op posite creeds and sentiments, the Church of England Magazine and the Rambler, respectively maintain their established character in the numbers issued on the first of the present month. COURT CIRCULAR. BALMORAL, MONDAY, SEPT. 1. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert attended divine service yesterday, at the parish church of Crathie. The service was performed by the Rev. Mr. An derson. The ladies and gentlemen of the suite were in at tendance. There was no addition to the Royal dinner party yesterday. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness ♦isited the Duchess of Kent yesterday, at Abergeldie. TUESDAY. Her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert, accompanied by Prince Alfred, drove yesterday to the Balloch 13huie. The Countess of Desart and the Hon. Miss King were in attendance on her Majesty. There was no addition to the Royal dinner party yesterday. M. Berenger, President a la Cour de Cassation, at Paris, had an interview with Mr. Waddington yester - day, at the Horne Office. The Marquis of Lansdowne has left town for Mal vern. BOUTON'S MORAIIALS. HUNGERFORD-HALL. M. Bouton, so long known for his artistic skill in producing dioramas, has now exhibiting in the New Hall erected at Hungerford, two splendid pictures — one representing the magnificent Basilica of St. Mark, Venice, the other the Town and Valley , of Friburg, in Switzerland. The illusion is certainly surprising, and the effect of the work itself really beautiful. In the interior of the cathedral the nave, the altar, ob jects of art, the pillars, and the vast windows, are pourtrayed with great beauty ; and the grandeur of a solemnity full of pomp, displays itself with great scenic effect. The picture represents the church under two distinct aspects—the first, the effect in the daylight ; and in the second, the painter has selected for his sub ject the presentation of the Doge Sebastian Ziani after his election. On this occasion the church is lit up by the luminous cross—the use of which was reserved for great and solemn occasions. The second repre sentation is the beautiful view of the Town and Valley of Friburg. What travellers and tourists in Swit verland generally admire in Friburg is the boldness of its mansions, suspended, as it were, from perpen dicular rocks, over the torrent of the Sann, or buried in the various windings of the valleys. Those who visit this delightful locality contemplate with admira tion the suspension bridge, extending from one moun tain to another, like a vast spider's web, soaring over the churches, towers and other buildings, that rise up on the brink of the torrent ; and certainly in the diorama this scene is given with great effect. One of the most remarkable features in the representation is the imitation of a great fall of snow, which is given with great accuracy. Altogether the diorama is really worthy,of a visit, and will be found a charming representation of the splendid church of St. Mark, &c., at Venice, and of the town and beautiful valley of Friburg. M. OROSZ'S CONCERT. M. Orosz is a Hungarian pianist, recently arrived in London, of whose powers we had heard very high accounts. He gave a concert last evening, at the rooms in Mortimer-street, which was attended by many amateurs, and he certainly did not disappoint the expectations that had been formed of him. Ile is a very remarkable performer, and indeed appeared to us, in so far as we could judge from a single hearing, to be a great master of his instrument. He combines strength of hand with brilliancy and rapidity of finger, to a degree we have never heard surpassed. His immense masses of harmony were puro musical tone, free from noise or harshness. The powers of the instrument were taxed to their full extent, but never forced or overstrained ; and in rapid flights and passages, the lightness and delicacy of his touch were admirable. Of his style, and of his possession of the higher attributes of sentiment and expression, we are less able to speak, for the pieces which he chose were all of the ultra-modern school, calculated rather to display executive power than to delight the ear and move the feelings by the charms of melody. His principal piece, " Liszt's Remini scences of La Sonnambula," was unquestionably ex ecuted Ss well as Liszt himself could have done it ; but, after all, it was "des notes et rien que des notes," little snatches of Bell i ni's sweet airs, tortured into a thousand fantastic shapes, loaded with runs and orna ments, and buried under mountains of irre levant accompaniments. We believe that this kind of composition, introduced by Thalberg and Liszt, and monstrously overdone by their thousand and one followers, is going fast out of fashion, and that there is a reaction in favour of the great masters of the older school. That M. Orosz is conversant with that school we have no manner of doubt, and' we hope soon to hear him give proof of his being so. We were greatly pleased with his performance of an "Etude Characteristiquo" of Szekely, and of a " Valseßriiiiante" of his own, which he played with the utmost grace and spirit. On its being loudly encored, he played instead " Kossutla's March," a fine martial strain, which, from the vehemence with which it was applauded, seemed to have struck the chord of national feeling in the hearts of many of the audience. Another young Hungarian, M. Remenyi, who has also been only a short time in London, showed himself to be a violinist of the first class. He played Ernst's famous " Elegie" and " Carnival de Venise" in a manner which enchanted the audience. Ernst himself could have scarcely given his own beautiful and mournful strain with deeper feeling ; and in playing the " Car nival de Venise" M. Remenyi sported with the enormous a magnificent tone, perfect int ona ti on , a nd unerring . certainty attacking the most arduous passages. Mozart's sixth quartet in C was admirably performed by Mr. Blagrove, M. Remenyi, and two Messrs. Lutgen. Ivi. Lutgen, the violoncellist, also played a solo, and is an excellent performer. Several pleasing vocal pieces were sung by Miss Binckes and Miss Herrmans. CASHMERE.—The following is an extract of a letter from an officer just returned from Cashmere:—" It is a lovely country, and I only regret it is not ours. It was one of the worst acts of our Government to give it up to Gholab Singh. By doing so they sold a whole nation into slivery. The people are most discontented and wretched. It is most distressing to see them in such a state. They are much worse off than when I was there last year. I will give you some idea of a piece of oppression:--Gholab Singh has just had occasion to send an army to the frontier, and to carry their baggage 8,000 men were required to accompany them. These men were seized in and about the city of Cashmere by the soldiers, and marched off to the army. They may be absent four, five, or six months, and while they are away they receive no pay, and only one pound of flour a-day. A man in this country is supposed to require tw3 pounds a day, but they are only to have just enough to keep them alive. While they are absent no provision is made for their families, and how they are to live no one can imagine. This act of atrocity was committed while I was in the city." B ARNET GREAT CATTLE FAIR, WEDNESDAY Nwirr.—The great annual gathering of breeders, graziers, speculators and jobbers in cattle yesterday, interested in this highly important cattle fair, which commences this day (Thursday), exceeded, if possible, any former year. Every train to Barnet by the Great Northern Railway brought such an influx of persons, who arrived in London by the South- Western and other railways into the town, that sleeping ac commodation could not be procured at any price. From the immense number of cattle that have already arrived, all the pastures in and fbr miles around Barnet are to be seen many thousands of beasts from all the principal breeding counties throughout England ; drove after drove has been arriving in rapid succession, so that every available acre of pasture land is turned to advantage. The beasts are in most excellent condition, and it is anticipated, from the great abundance of aftermath, and the prospect of a great turnip crop and other winter proven der, that prices will be high. The Town Council of Glasgow have adopted a report recommending one uniform rate of assessment for- the relief of the poor throughout Scotland, or in other words, to make the entire country into one parish. LONDON, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE "MORNING PAPERS OF THISDAT. TIMES.—The district of Australia in whicb we are informed a golden harvest is to be reaped has re• calved from the hand of Nature favours far more substantial than the questionable advantages resulting from the possession of the precious metals. The eastern coast of the continent, from its extremity in the 38th degree of south latitude to the Tropic of Capricorn, is defended by the Blue Mountains, which rise somewhat abruptly from the plains to a height of some three or four thousand feet. The summit of _ _ this range forms a tableland, which falls by almost imperceptible degrees towards the vast interior. It is on the commencement of this gradual slope, in pretty nearly the same latitude as th city of Sydney, that the region is situated of the newly found treasures of which we have received such flattering accounts. Nothing can be imagined more delightful than the climate of this elevated plateau. The air is peculiarly clear and salubrious, and the summer possesses all the brightness, without the sultriness of the Australian climate. The country is thinly dotted over with trees like a park, and the soil is rich and well adapted both for pasture and agriculture. These allurements have already concentrated in the neighbourhood a larger population than is to be found elsewhere in Australia at so great a distance from the coast, and the town of Bathurst, which is the metropolis of the district, contains already between three and four thousand inhabitants and many substantial and com modious buildings. From this place to Sydney a road has been carried over the Blue Mountains by the skill of Sir Thomas Mitchell and the labour of convicts in irons, by which difficulties of no ordinary magnitude have been surmounted and the pass of Mount Victoria, in which a formidable chasm has been filled up by an enormous mass of masonry, may rival the feats of Swiss engineering. It was the discovery of this district, and the opening of a practical communication with it, which gave the first great impulse to the pas toral industry of Australia, by relieving the colo nists from those narrow limits within which they had been previously confined. It must be admitted that if nature has selected this spot as the receptacle of her treasures, the colony has not been wanting in opening with great labour and at much expense the path by which those treasures may be obtained. It is painful to reflect, that while the energies of an in fant community have been so severely taxed to over come the obstacles that resisted its development, the parent state should have done nothing to facilitate the communication between that community and the rest of the empire. Up to the present moment nothing has been done towards steam communication with Australia, and we are compelled to receive our intel ligence on this new and most interesting subject by the uncertain, irregular, and dilatory means of heavily-laden merchant-ships. It being the plea sure of our Government to retain in its hands the management of the lands of this remote and little understood dependency, it ought, at any rate, to have secured to itself the means of regular and speedy information. There are very few matters which will not suffer extremely by the interpo sition of a delay of twelve months between the emer gency and the measures taken to deal with it. Should the accounts of the mineral wealth of New South Wales be confirmed, it will become the duty of the Government, in which all unsold lands and all mines of gold and silver in sold lands are vested, to make such orders as may be necessary for the regula tion of mining enterprise. The Colonial-office will, indeed, be endowed with an extraordinary amount of prescience if it be enabled to instruct its deputies as to such measures as may be necessary without unduly infringing the rights of the Crown on the one side, and interfering with the liberty of private enterprise on the other. After the abundant experience we have had of the impossibility of dealing with cielonial local questions in Downing-street, we can have little hope that a machinery which has so often proved itself unequal to deal with the most ordinary circum stances will be found all at once able to cope with the really formidable difficulties of the question. If the Crown suffers all who please to gather gold on its lands it is a virtual abdication of its sovereignty; if _ it impose restraints on the search for gold there is some risk that it may not be able to maintain the prohibition. The small number of troops in the colony would be quite inadequate to the task, and the settlers would have little in clination to assist in the protection of a revenue which is withheld from them and expended by authorities over whom they have no control. There never was a conjuncture more urgently requiring the intervention of the local authorities ; but the Legis lature of the colony was expressly forbidden, by the recent Act of Parliament, from meddling with the lands of the Crown or the revenue derived from them, and the question, in all its integrity and all its diffi culty, is left to be guessed at and solved as best it may by the Colonial Minister and his advisers here. So much for the boon of local self-government, which Parliament was so emphatically assured it had be stowed last year on the Australian colonies. Even should the next accounts from Australia prove less brilliant than those which we have just received, we will venture to hope that the lesson may not be wholly thrown away, and that so pointed a demonstration of the folly of leaving these important colonies without any power on the spot capable of deciding on sudden emergencies, and of trusting to private enterprise for supplying communication with those whom we will not allow to govern themselves, will be made convinc ingly evident, and that the boon of steam communica tion so long deferred may be granted as the result of these convictions. We have felt it our duty to warn those whose imaginations may be fired by the alluring prospect of easily acquired wealth against dreams which even the experience of California shows so frequently to end in disappointment. At the same time, it is only justice to our own El Dorado to point out that failure in the pursuit of gold in Australia is not attended with the same repulsive incidents which have too often waited upon it in California. Instead of the warlike and ferocious natives of the Sierra Nevada, the Australian miner will have to deal with a race of aborigines entirely subjugated, and by virtue of some inscrutable law of Providence verging to ex- tinction. rever, ague, and dysentery, the scorching heat of summer and the biting cold of winter, which scourge the Californian miner, are unknown to the Australian, and the unsuccessful goldseeker will still find himself in the midst of a thoroughly English community, where a very moderate exertion will secure hint the substantial comforts of life in the utmost abundance. It may be that the prizes are not so great; but there are no blanks. The labouring man who goes to Australia in pursuit of gold may not attain the object of his search, but he will at any rate acquire the means of competence and comfort in the cheapest and most abundant country In the world. The benefits Australia may reasonably expect to reap from her golden possessions are such as many of her inhabi tants will value more highly than any increase of material wealth. The position of a labouring man in the colonies is already so much superior to that which he occupies in the mother country that trans portation has ceased to inspire dread, and a criminal gravely asked the judge the other day to increase the length of his sentence in order to make his depor tation certain. Let there be added. to these in ducements the prospect of picking up gold without diving into other people's pockets under the prying gaze of a policeman, and the temptation to crime will be perfectly irresistible ; there will be a regular run on the minor class of offences, punishment will be turned into reward, and that which is meant to deter will be the inducement to crime. The disco very of gold-mines will arrest transportation to Aus tralia far more certainly than the eloquence of Sir William Molesworth or the efforts of the Colonial League—and gold, which has bean the corrupter of so many communities, will for once perform the duty of a purifier. CHRONICLE.—Mr. Ridgway has just published a second editition of Lord Brougham's admirable speech on introducing his Law of Evidence Amend ment Bill in the House of Lords; and wo are glad to find that his Lerdship has appended to this edition a copy cf the Act as it ultimately passed, together with a pref ice, in which he refers to the gradual progress of opinion in favour of the measure, and points out the benefits which will assuredly result from it. In com bating the very erroneous notion that this change in our jurisprudence has been effected without due in quiry, and under the pressure of popular clamour, Lord Brougham very juftly observes that " there never was an alteration in the law made more slowly, even reluctantly, and with greater deliberation never any in which popular feeling less interfered." That this assertion is thoroughly supported by the facts, will be readily s een from a retrospect of the his tory of the qu es ti on . At l eas t h a lf a century has elapsed since the g r e a t apoo fstoleb objections s id t i o ealreform, Jeremy Bentham, laid it d own as an i n di s p u t a ble axiom that, in the character competency, no ob jectione ought to be allowed." At the time when this famous proposition was first enunciated, its author was regarded by the public as a gentleman who loved paradox and wrote bad English; while professional men were staunch in the belief that a law which closed the mouth of every witness who had the slightest pecuniary interest in the event of a suit was the absolute perfection of reason. It was there fore no more than might have been expected, that opinions which were derived from so questionable a source, and which, moreover, were diametrically op posed to the most deep-rooted professional prejudices, should for some years have met with little favour at the hands of lawyers; and our only wonder is, that Lord Brougham should have had the courage, in 1828, to state to the House of Commons the arf.7a mg.nts for the change, though he then expressly de clined to recommend more that the removal of the ob jection of interest in the case of witnesses not being parties to the suit. There can be no doubt that tha public avowal, by this distinguished lawyer, of his THURSDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 4, 1851. partial conversion to the views of Mr. Bentham had considerable effect in directing- attention to the subject, but still five years were allowed to pass away before the interference of the Legislature was invoked ; and even in 1833 Parliament could not be induced to go further than to furnish a method of restoring the competency of witnesses, who were only so far inter ested in the event of an action that the record might, in a subsequent suit, be evidence for or against them selves. In 1836 a further assault was made on the old law by incompetency, and an Act was passed— apparently as an experimentum in corpore vili—which enabled suitors in the Irish Civil Bill Courts to ex amine their adversaries on oath. This was followed in 1840 by an Act extending to Ireland the provisions of the English Act of 1833 ; and at length, in 1843, Lord De,nmen brought in his great measure for abo lishing the incompetency of witnesses on the score of interest. Yet, the triumph of Mr. Bentham's opi nions was far from complete ; for although Lord Den man was pressed by several Law Lords to admit the evidence of parties, he did not at that time venture to propose so extensive a change; but, partly with the view of securing the passage of the Bill, and partly because he still entertained some misgivings on the subject, he deemed it prudent to engraft on the mea sure a proviso, which excepted from its operation all parties individually named in the record, as well as all persons on whose immediate and individual behalf any action might be brought or defended. In this shape the Bill passed ; and after an experience of three years had proved the safety and wisdom of what the alarmists regarded as a most dangerous innovation, the Legislature consented to take a further step in the right direction, and a clause was inserted in the County Courts' Act of 1846, giving the power of ex amining parties in those courts as witnesses both far and against themselves. The subject was next taken up by the Law Amendment Society, who, in 1848, prepared an elaborate report, which recommended that, except in actions for criminal conversation, " all parties to the record, whether at law or in equity, should be competent witnesses in their own favour, and be liable to compulsory examination at the in stance of their opponents." A Bill being prepared in conformity with these views, Lord Brougham, as the President of the society, submitted it to the House of Lords in the following year ; but in consequence of a threatened opposition in the Commons, at the instance of Sir John Jervis, the then Attorney-General, he did not think it expedient to proceed with the mea sure daring that session. The same cause deterred him from pressing it forward in 1850 ; but at length, Sir John Jervis having been raised to the bench, and the local judges having all but unanimously reported that the new law worked admirably in the County Courts, the Bill was a third time brought in by Lord Brougham, and passed with signal success. Indeed, the only voice raised against it in either House was that of the arch-enemy of law reform, Lord Truro ; and most persons will regard his opposition to the measure as a solid proof of its substantial merits. Such, in a few words, has been the progress of pro fessional opinion with respect to this remarkable Act —a progress which reminds us far more of the mo tions of the tortoise than of the activity of the hare, and which cannot fail to win the confidence of even the most Conservative portion of the public by being at the same time slow and sure. To adopt the vigorous language of Lord Brougham, it is an Act " calculated no less to, serve the profession than the suitors—lightening the labour and lessen ing the anxiety of the one, while it adds to the se curity of the other—shutting the doors of the courts against litigants who never ought to enter, and clearing the way for those whom justice should rather attract than repel." But still, notwith standing this justly-deserved euiogium, we shall be at least as much surprised as pleased if the measure, when called into active operation on the Ist of No vember, has not to encounter a full share of opposi tion from some few of the sitters in high places; nor can we participate in Lord Brougham's "confident expectation that the legal body, in all its branches, will receive favourably" his improvement of the law. That the Act will be hailed with acclamation by all honest suitors we are wall assured; that a vast ma jority both of barristers and attorneys will con sider it in the light of a most valuable reform is equally clear—nay, we entertain little doubt that a large proportion of the judges themselves will regard it with favour. In spite, however, of all these favourably circumstances, it will indeed be a miracle if the Act escapes some misinterpretation from the Lord Chief Baron, some technical refine ment from Mr. Baron Parke, and a caustic sarcism from Mr. Justice Maule. Not, indeed, that any ob structive practices on the part of any of the judges will be able to embarrass, in a material degree, the beneficial operation of the change; for it is one which rests on the solid foundation of good sense, and is in strict accordance with the practical experience of mankind in the daily transactions of life. Judicial prejudices may, for a short time and to a certain extent, mar the immediate and entire success of the measure, bat it must ultimately succeed; and we feel perfectly persuaded that, at the expiration of five years from the present time, the only cause for as tonishment will be, that the system of evidence which Lord Brougham's Act has now finally su perseded was ever allowed to prevail in our courts of justice. ATTEMPTED ESCAPE ofiIACKET. Captain Bowyer, the chief officer of the New York Police in London during the Grout Exhibition, received letters from America by yesterday's post, informing him of a most daring and determined attempt at escape by the notorious George Hacket end his confederate, who are now confined in New Jersey gaol, awaiting their trial for the plato robbery recently committed by them on the other side of the Atlantic. It appears, from Captain Bowyer's information, that one of the turnkeys, well acquainted with 'Jacket's desperate cha racter, had been watching him with more than ordinary vigilance, and, on going to lock Lim up for the night, euddenly missed him from the proper place he should have been in at the time; search was instantly made, and he was found secreted near one of the outer passages of the building, ready to avail himself of the first opportu nity, and at any and every cost, as he did at Penton vine. Suspicion in the mean time was directed towards his accomplice, and he was also dragged from his hiding place by the prison officers when found. On being searched, a large pointed knife, resembling a couteau de clause ' was discovered in the leg of his pantaloons, though how ho obtained it is at present a mystery. On this being brought to light he sulkily exclaimed, "Every man has his day, and George and me will have curs yet, for our lives are'nt worth much in this way." They were both re-conducted by a secret route to dis tant and separate coils under very close surveillance, and ironed till the trial. The woman who accompanied them from England is also committed for trial, sufficient evidence having been adduced to connect her as an ac complice in , the same robbery. RAILWAY TRAFFIC RETURNS. THE GREAT NORTHERN RAILWAY.— (Miles in work,24li) —Return of Traffic for the Week ending Aug 24, 1851: Passengers, parcels, carriages, horses, dogs, and mails ...£ 9,038 9 3 Merchandise and minerals 4,023 15 5 Cattle ... ... 236 14 4 Total .. £13,348 19 0 Corresponding week, Aug. 25, 1850 (236 miles) : Passengers, parcels, Sc. £1,499 16 8 Merchandise, Cattle, &c. ... 1,363 13 10 Total ... £5,863 10 6 LAKCASSIIRE AND YORKSHIRE RAILWAY. (260 miles open.)—Tragic for week ending Aug. 31—C18,617 13 4 Corresponding week in last year, (253* miles open) .. ....£16,077 15 2 CHESTER. AND HOLYHEAD RAlLWAY..—Traffic for the week ending Aug. 31:— AiIIERICAN AND ENGLISH YACHTS. TJ THE EDITOE,Or THE TIMES. Sir,—lt is always regarded in history as peculiar to the most distinguished generals that they have best known how to turn disaster to profitable use, and have frequently converted the ruins of defeat into founda tions of victory. We are now in circumstances which will give full scope to the display of such quali ties, if we possess them. We have been beaten— signally defeated—on our own element. Oar yacht squadron, so long masters of the Solent, hitherto vic torious in all sea fights, are completely routed—l had almost said, put to flight. For a long time not one of the Solent sea kings could be found to face the enemy or accept his challenge, and the American would have returned without his gage being taken up had not the little Titania, of only half the tonnage, and therefore no adequate match, been courageous enough to hazard a defeat. Even the Alarm, which had been so long the champion of the English waters, declined battle. The victory of the America is complete. Of all the courses we could adopt in these circum stances, the least wise would be to retire from the contest in despair; the most foolish and dangerous would be that we should degenerate into indiscrimi nating copyists of the peculiarities—good, bad, and indifferent—which characterise the victor. The wiser course left for us is now to review calmly and sys tematically the causes which have contributed to our defeat ; to ascertain whether we are beaten by new elements or by a powerful combination of known principles and plans, and then to consider whether we do not possess the means of effecting combina tions still more formidable than that by which we have been beaten. What, then, are the lessons which the America has taught us ? Is she better in every point than all our yachts, or is she in any inferior ? There is one point in which the America is unani mously allowed to be inferior to our own yachts : she has not the amount of accommodation which is pro vided in yachts of equal tonnage in England. An Englishman's yacht is his home; the American yacht is an improved pilot-boat. The result is what we might expect. The America has neither the capacity for stores nor the amount of accommodation which an English yacht of much smaller tonnage possesses. As in a merchant ship capacity for cargo is a measure of value, so in a yacht is room and stowage of stores, and in both the America is for her tonnage deficient. But in speed the America is unsurpassed. In racing for the cups she left her competitors immesurably be• hind; for speed alone she was built, and speed at any , price was the condition of her construction. Let us ex amine how this has been obtained. Of the characteristics of the.hull of the America, one of the most remarkable is her formation at the bow. Your reporter describes her as dividing the water without a ripple, as passing through it so smoothly and imperceptibly that the wave at the bow —the crest of broken and foaming water usually found at the bow when a vessel is in rapid motion, is not to be seen, but that a light feather of spray is all that indicates her speed. This absence of wave at the bow is therefore a remarkable circumstance, and de mands our attention. By what peculiarity cf shape is this accomplished ? Now, all accounts agree that the shape of the America's bow is very remarkable ; that it is a hollow bow, or concave outwards, instead of the old convex or bluff bow, and that it does not become convex till towards the middle of the vessel. This is a kind of bow little in use as yet in this coun try, except upon steamers, and but rarely adopted in sailing vessels. The Titania and a few others only in England possess the same peculiarity. It is techni cally called the wave line bow, and appears to be one cause at least of the speed of the America. This, therefore seems worthy of careful attention—whether the wave-how be good for our use and adoption. A second point in the hull of the America seems equally remarkable. In yachts hitherto, and sailing vessels generally, the greatest breadth has been about the middle of the length, or rather forward from that point. In the America the greatest breadth is towards the stern, or distant about two-fifths of the length from the stern and three-fifths from the bow. In short, instea3 of the greatest breadth being at the foremast, it is as far back as the mainmast of the schooner. This is so important a point that it must evidently affect the whole sailing qualities of the ves sel, and therefore deserves most careful attention. It is also another of the peculiarities of vessels built on the wave principle. A third point is the fulness of the run abaft when compared to the fineness of the bow. The water line at the run is convex throughout nearly its whole length, instead of having a hollow like the bow. The fourth point is the difference between the depth of the keel forward and abaft, the draught of water being over four feet mere abaft than forward. This, however, the Titania and some other vessels have in the same degree. Now, all these are peculiarities in the water, instead of above it, and therefore materially affect the per formance of the vessel, although they are not most striking to the eye. Above the water her singu larly short stern, her great sheer of deck down to wards the bow, her clipper figure-head, her tumble home side—all these are minor points which the ser vile imitator may copy, but which the wise constructor will not be hasty to imitate. Above water the im portant points are those which affect the action of the wind on the sails. It is quite as essential to a ship's performance that her sails should offer the greatest resistance to the wind as that her hull should offer the least resistance to the water. In the masting of the America there is scarcely any important pecu liarity, except the possession of only one topmast, and the smallness of that one. The masts have nearly the usual size and position, except, perhaps, that they are stronger than usual. The rigging has also the peculiarity of extreme simplicity. It is when we come to the sails that we find the most remarkable point in the out-water arrangements of the America. It is certain that when the best of our sails will stand and draw well within four points of the wind the America's will go within three. This was strikingly proved in the match with Titania on Thursday. Before the wind the speeds of the vessels were not very different; on a wind the speed through the water seems also not to be very different. If we lay down on paper the advantage gained by the Ame rica from her sails standing at three points instead of four, we shall find it equal to a gain of five to four in distance run or in time on the race—a difference more than equal to that which was realised. Here, then, we have a point of advantage which is beyond all dis pute in its nature, and of an unquestionable import ance—the weathering qualities of the sails. I have entered thus minutely into all these points because I conceive it to be of great importance that we should wisely and in time prepare ourselves for the probable contest of next year. We are more likely to fail next year by a blundering imitation of the unes sentials of our victor than by any other course. It is most undesirable that we should be drives by a sudden defeat to abandon any of the excellent points which our own long experience may have taught us to be unquestionably excellent. The roominess, the com fort, the excellent sea-going qualities, the ease of mo tion in bad weather, are points in our own yacht building which we must on no account abandon. It is our duty, therefore, to see what we must do to win next year. 1. We must build yachts of the newest construc tion of us large a size as may be likely to come against us—i. e., somewhat larger than the America; and not allow ourselves to be caught, as this year, with a vessel of half the tonnage only fit even to ac cept the challenge. 2. We must' adopt the best scientific principles of construction for the build of our new yachts, instead of allowing old maxims of routiue to govern us. The Americans have boldly attempted the wave system, and applied it to the America in an unmitigated form ; we must as boldly adopt it, and give speed to our vessels by offering to the water that form which shall produce the least disturbance in it, and receive from it the least resistance. 3. We must not abandon such forms of midship section as have been found to give easy motion and good sea qualities to our own yachts. 4. We must thoroughly revise our system of rig ging and cutting sails. The true theory of sails is that they are flat boards. All mechanical means must be adopted to give them that form, and make them keep it. The superior cut of American sails has long been matter of notoriety to seamen. Sail cutters have long resisted the abandonment of cherished prejudice on this head. They must now at once adopt the true sail theory of plane surfaces, and carry it out— whether with the use of booms or a new cut, or both, they must well consider. 5. As to rigging, the simpler the rigging, the fewer the ropes, the better. The Americans have long been distinguished in this respect for simplicity and effi ciency. Multiplicity of ropes and blocks is an old fashioned error, out of which we are rapidly escaping, and the America merely gives us a fresh impulse in this direction. In conclusion, I have only to express a hope—one which has prompted this letter—that we shall not degenerate into vulgar imitation of our victor, a course in which we shall always be behind him ; but rouse ourselves to apply more independently than hitherto the resources of our science and skill to the attainment of that superiority in yacht-building which we have hitherto fancied we posgesse,d. I have the honour to be, your obedient servant, A MEMBER OF SEVERAL "Y ACIIT EASTERN COUNTIES AND 11 inwrell.--To mkt the trade between Harwich and Rotterdam, a steam-ship, called the Arab, of 390 tons burden, has been placed upon' the Harwich st,tion by the Eastern Counties r.nd Eastern Union Companies; and the Loudon merchants, as ono re sult of the experiment, now receive their letters and dis patches twelve hours earlier than usual. THE ORIENTAL BANE--A royal charter has been granted to the Oriental Bank, constituting it a bank of issue in Ceylon and China, and empowering it to carry on ex change, deposit, and remittance business anywhere to the cad of the cape of Good liopo, SPORTING NOTES. CXIX. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—Two or three commissions, ono of which was of a very extensive nature, were sent out yesterday even ing in support of The Black Doctor, Alolis,nne, and Mark Te.pley, for the Cressrewitch Stakes; the first named was for a very heavy amount, and was but par tially exzeuted at lamas varying from 50 to 20 to 1, the last price offered against him being 18 to 1. MY NOTES AND NOTIONS On the GREAT-ST. LEGER will appear tomorrow. It is a singular fact that for the last four years my prediction on this event has been perfectly correct; in three instances out of the four I accomplished the feat of placing the first and second. I am, Sir, yours, (to.. THE SPIRIT OF THE TURF. Sept. 4, 1851. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. WARWICK RACES.—WEDNESDAY. The Borough Handicap of 10 sovs. each, h f:, with 50 added, for two and three yrs old, the second to save his stake, and the winner to pay 10 sovs. to the starter; a winner of a handicap, subsequent to the publication of the weights, of the value of 100 sovs., to carry 51b extra. One mile. (13 Subs.) Mr. W. Salford's Deceitful, 3 yrs, Bst (Sharpe) 1 Lord Exeter's Cane, 3 yrs, 7st 51b (J. Mann) 2 Mr. J. Day's Wadastra filly , 3 yrs, Gat 31 b...( Wells) 3 Mr. Metklam's Paddy Bird, 2 yrs, Est 71b...(Arnold) 4 Mr. Copelend's Director, sst 121 b (W. Stanway) 5 Mr. Carew's cby Touchstone, Est 21b ...(G. Mann) 6 Betting-2 to 1 agst Deceitful, 3to 1 agst Paddy Bird, and 4to 1 agst Cane. Won by a length. Wadastra filly a very bad third. Run in 1 min. 45 secs. The Welter Cup of 100 sovs., the rest in specie by sub scription of 15 sus. each, 10 ft, and only 5 if de clared, 86c. A winner of a handicap after the weights are declared, of the value of 100 sovs., to carry 51b extra. Gentlemen riders. Professionals allowed to ride by carrying 61b extra. Mile and a half. (19 Subs., 11 of whom declared.) Mr. Martin's Upton, hb, 5 yrs, 103 t 111b...(Darling) 1 Mr. H. Carew's Agis, 6 yrs, list (Capt. Little) 2 Mr. Barnett's Aristos, 3 yrs, 9st 101 b (Flatman) 3 Mr. J. Day's New Forest Deer, lOst ...(Mr. Bevill) 4 Betting—Even on Agis, and 5 to 2 eget Aristos. Won by a short head, Aristos a bad third. Run in 2 min. 42 secs. The County Stakes of 100 soya., added to a handicap of 20 soya. each, 10 ft, and 5 only if declared, &e., winners extra; the second to receive 30 sous. out of the stakes, and the winner to pay 25 sous. towards expenses. Ono mile and a half. (51 Subs., 19 of whom declared.) Mr. Carew's Harp, 3 yrs, sst 41b (Rickards) 1 Mr. Copeland's Candlewick, 4 yrs, sst 41b (Carroll) 2 Mr. Gratwick's Landgrave, 5 yrs, 7st 131 b (Flatman) 0 Mr. Shepherd's Post Tempore, Est 1 llb (Charlton) 0 Ld. Enfield's Wm. the Conqueror, 6st 101 b (Kitchener) 0 Mr. Drinkald's Dulcet, aged, Est 101 b (Pavia) 0 Ld. Exeter's Tophana, 6 yrs, 6st 41b ...( W. Harlock) 0 Lord Brook's Grief, 5 yrs, 6st 21b (Knott) 0 Mr. Fowler's The Monk, 4 yrs, 6st (Wells) 0 Mr. J. Morland's King of Oude, sst 91b ...(Kendall) 0 Ld. Chesterfield's Humphrey, 4 yrs, sst 91b (Ashmali) 0 Mr. Payne's Catalapa, 3 yrs, sstBlb (Harding) 0 Lord Exeter's Cane, 3 yrs, 4st 91b (Steggles) 0 Betting-5 to 2 agst Harp, sto 1 agst King of Oude, 5 to 1 agst Landgrave, 11 to 2 agst Post Tempore, 7 to 1 agst Catalpa, and 10 to 1 each agst any other. A very fine race between Harp, Candlewick, and Cane, Harp winning by half a length, and Candlewick beating Cane by a length; Humphrey fourth. This race was not timed. The Avon Stakes of 15 sovs. each, 10 ft; two yrs old, 7st; three, 9st; miens allowed 51e, and mares and geldings allowed 31b each. T.Y.C. (10 Subs.) Mr. Drinkalet's Grey Tommy, 2 yrs, 7st (G. E. Sharp) 1 Mr. Fienne's Old Rowley, 2 yrs, 6st 91b., ..(I.liat) 2 Mr. Raiford's Peppermint, 2 yrs, itilL ...(W. Sharpe) 3 Mr. Meiktam's Paddy Bird, 2 yrs, ist (Arnold) 4 Betting-5 to 4on Grey Tommy, 7to 4 agst Pepper mint, and 10 to 1 against eaeh of the others. A fine race between Grey Tommy and Old Rowley, and was won rather cleverly at last by a neck. Peppermint a bad third. Run in 1 min.3s secs. The Town Plato of 50 .ovs. added to a handicap of 5 sous. each, 2 ft ; for three years old and upwards; a winner of 100 soya., after the declaration of the weights, to carry 51b extra;_ the winner to pay _lO Boys — . towards the alteration of the course. thie (17 Subs.) Mr. Jones's Tonic, 3 yrs, Est 511) (Preece) 1 Mr. Smythe's Mute, 3 yrs, 4st 121 b (Kendall) 2 Mr. Carew's Prestige, 3 yrs, 7st 51b (J. Sharp) 3 Mr. J. R. Scott's Manchester, 3 yrs, sst 101 b (Wells) 4 Betting-5 to 4on Tonic. Woa in a canter by six lengths. Run in 1 min. 46 secs. The Warwick Cup of 200 sovs., by subscription of 10 soya. each, with 100 added, the second to receive 30 sovs. out of the stakes; three years old, Est 101 b; four, Bst 71b; five, 9st 11h; six and aged, 9st 51b; mares al lowed 71b, and geldings 51b. Winners extra, allow ances for maidens. The winner to pay 5 sovs. to the judge, and 15 soya. towards expenses. Three miles. (28 Subs.) Mr. Saxon's Tho Black Doctor, 3 yrs. Est 101 b (Bilett) 1 Mr. Greville's Cariboo, 4 yrs, Bst 61b (Flatman) 3 Lord Warwick's Leap-year, 3 yrs, Est 31b (Charlton) 3 Lord Exeter's Nutcracker, 4 yrs, Bst 71b ...(Marlow) 0 Mr. Carew's Remunerator, 4 yrs, B.t 71b (J. Sharp) 0 Mr. Little's Macaw, 3 yrs, 5A 101 b (Kendall) 0 Mr. Isaac Day's The Tout, 3 yrs, sst 101b...(Wells) 0 Betting-6 to 4 agst Black Doctor, 7 to 4 agst Cari boo, and sto 1 each agst Leap-year and Macaw. Won by a length, Leap-year a bad third ; the others wore pulled up some distance from home. The Scurry Handicap of 3_ scvs. each, with 20 added. Five furlongs. Mr. Sexton's Chaffinch, 2 yrs, Est 41b (Charlton) 1 Mr. Carcw's Longinus, 4 yrs, Bst (J. Sharp) 2 Mr. Gooch's Scar, 3 yrs, 7st (Wells) 3 Mr. Connor's Happy Queen, 7st 61b ...(W. Sharpe) 4 Betting-5 to 4 agst Scar, and sto 2 agst Chaffinch. Won easily by a length, Happy Queen shad fourth. Run in 1 min 4 secs. The Great Warwickshire Stakes, of 10 sovs. each, with 50 added, for three yrs old colts, 83t 71b ; fillies, Bst 21b. The winner to pay 10 sovs. to the fund. One mile and three-quarters. (7 Subs.) Mr. Jones's lanthe, Bst 21b Mr. Payne's Catalpa, Bst 2lb (Flatman) 2 Betting-5 and 6t04 on lanthe, who won in a canter by two lengths. Itun in 3 min. 29 secs. The Selling Stakes, of 5 sovs. each, with 25 added ; three yrs old, 7st 101 b ; four, 9st ; five, 9st 101 b ; six and aged, lOst; mares and geldings allowed 31b; maidens allowed 51b, &e.; beats, one mile (6 Subs.), were won in three heats by Mr. J. Day's Exhibition, 3 yrs (201), (Carroll), beating Mr. J. Fowler's Silence, 3 yrs (201.), (Kendall), Mr. Davies's Capsicum, 4 yrs (301.), (Wells), Mr. Everett's Forest, 5 yrs (50/.), (Crickm?re), and Mr. Gcoeh's Scar, 3 yrs (20L), (Preece). _ _ LATEST BETTING. GREAT YORKSHIRE HANDICAP. 9to 2 agst Calculator (t) I 6to 1 agst Cossack sto 1 apt Clarissa (t) jloto 1 agst Castle. ST. LEGER. sto 2 agst Hernandez (t) 14 to 1 agst Hothorpe 4 to 1 apt The Ban 14 to 1 agst Newminster 6to 1 agst John Day's lot 15 to 1 apt Lamartine (t) 8 to 1 agat Aphrodito CESARENVITCH STAKES. 20 to 1 agst Black Doctor—taken CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKES. 25 to 1 agst 13reba—taken Constellation is struck out of the Cesarewitch and Cambridgeshire Stakes. DEATH or Mx. W. HIBBITILD.-With sincere regret we have to announce the demise of the indefatigable clerk of the course at Ascot, Reading, &c., and the well known starter at Newmarket, Goodwood, Doncaster, and other eminent localities. He expired at his resi dence, the Grand Stand, Ascot, on Tuesday night; an affection of the lungs the incipient cause, with super vening dropsy. His private amenities endeared him to his family and friends, and his industry, tact, and im partiality, secured the respect of all who watched his public career. To GET RID OF COCICROACEIES.—Mr. Samuel Tewkesbury, of Nottingham, in a letter to the Manx Sun, says, "I beg to forward you an easy, clean, and certain me thod of eradicating these loathsome insects from dwelling houses. A few years ago my house was infested with cockroaches (or clocks,' as they are called here), and I was recommended to try cucumber peelings as a remedy. I ac cordingly, immediately before bedtime, strewed the floor of those parts of the house most infested with the vermin with the green peel, cut not very thin from the cucumber, and sat up half an hour later than usual to watch the effect. Before the expiration of that time the floor where the peel lay was completely covered with ccearoacbes, so much so that the vegetable could not be seen, so voraciously were they en gaged in sucking the poisonous moisture from it. I adopted the same plan the following night, but ray visitors were not near so numerous—l should think not more than a fourth of the previous night. On the third night I did not discover one; but anxious to ascertain whether the house was quite clear of them, I examined the peel after I had laid it down about half-an-hour, and perceived that it was covered with myriads of minute cockroaches, about the size of a flea. I therefore allowed the peel to lie till morning, and from that moment I have not seen a cockroach in the house. It is a very o ld building; and I can assure you the above re med y only requires to be persevered in for three or four nights, to completely eradicate the pest. Of course it Should be fresh cucumber peel every night." TfiE lionsEnoLD TRoors.—Tuesday being the regular time for changing the quarters of the household bri gade, notice was issued, that in consequence of the closing of the Great Exhibition, the household troops will not be re moved from the present quarters till the 16th of October next, when they will change and remain in their different quarters till the Ist day of March, 1852. ENTOMOLeGICAL SocisTke.--The: usual monthly meeting of this society was held on Monday evening; J. 0. Westwood, Esq., president, in the chair. Alfred Beaumont, Esq., of Thlderslield, was elected a member of the society. Mr. Adam White exhibited a Crustacean, the nymphon gi -gontiunz of Goodsir, taken at the depth of 20 fathoms off the Shetland coast. The president exhibited a moth, reared from eggs received from Mr. Parker, apparently di s ti nct from the true silkworm motb, but of which the larva spun a fine kind of silk known in the north o f China by the name of Tsatlee. The president e xh ib i ted bred specimens of Arep cula-centiPliella, the larval of which mine the leases of the :r o se, and previous to their traneformation quit the leaves and form remarkably minute brown cocoons in the bracts of the leaves. Mr. Grant exhibited Peronea 7-1)-ier ua, Agrotis vatilgera, and Gelechia pictella, all from Barnes-common, being a new locality inland for species hitherto only taken on the coast. Mr. Smith exhibited a bee, new to Britain, the Bonzbus articcus, of Dahlbcm, lately taken by Mr. White at Lerwick. Mr. Robert Harper, 8.A., of Corpus Christi Col lege, Cambridge, and late assistant-tutor of Putney C° l " lege, has been appointed rector of the Royal Academy, hymen. TRE SALE AT THE KNOWSLEY ArlilliFt No more admission to Knowsley Aviary can be procured until such time as it is on view, namely, oit the 25th of September and five following days. The days of sale, and the particular lots for eac't day, we believe, are not yet quite complete, therefore we can only give our readers a general idea of what order of sale will be adopted. The catalogue occu pies fifty pages. The following is a summary of the entire collection :—Total number of mamalia, 94 species, containing 34 5 individuals. Total number of birds, exclusive of poultry, 318 species, containin; 1,272 individuals. The total number of species is 412, and of individuals 1,617; of which are Knows ley bred, 84 species, and 756 individuals. The order of sale will be thus—Deer, antelopes (exceedingly rare). Cattle, including Brahmin, Afri can, and Arab bulls, &c. The rare goats and sheep will follow. The llamas will then be sold. These will be followed by the zebras, of which there are seven. Some fine kangaroos will next be offered. Then the rodents, lemurs, armadillos, &c,, will be sold. The dogs will come next, of which there are some fine blood-hounds. This will be the end of the sale of beasts. The birds will then be sold, beginning with the yule tures. Of this class of birds will be found the Egyptian, the King, the Arabian, the social, Kolbe'e, the slender-billed, and other specimens. The Fal - collides will then be sold, including many . eagles. There are the golden, the tawny, the vulturine, the bold, the martial, the crowned, the harpy, the sea, the flab, the short-tailed, and other eagles. Both the vul tures and the eagles arc the finest specimens of their class which are to be pet with. The owls are to be sold after the eagles. Miscellaneous birds will follow, such as the laughing kingfisher, blue robins, the rock thrush, the cat bird, the bill bird, the piping crow, the hunting crow, jays, crows, glossy thrushes, grakles, and starlings. Then there will be weavers, bishop birds, whidah birds, nutmeg or spice birds, cut-throat sparrows, zebra birds, snow birds, diamond sparrows, indigo birds, black -crested cardinals, Lapland bunt ing, black-billed hornbill, and toucans. When these birdB are disposed of, the parrot-room will be ene tered, the contents of which will astonish from their extent and splendour. The rooms, for there are series, contain the crested ground parrakeet, the vase ground parrakeet, the masked parrot; the alexane thine, the ring-necked, the black-billed, the sparrow, the orange winged, the gray breasted, the all green, the yellow winged, the golden winged, the buff fronted, the lace wined, and others of the same ki n d. There will also be found a variety of macaws, in. eluding the blue and yellow, the red and yellow, the military, and the hyacinthine. There are a variety of lories. The parrots embrace guildings, red-bellied, hawk-headed, amazonian, diadem, &c. The Guinea parrakeet, or love bird, will be found in the collection of the cockatoos, and also the roseate, tne red-vented, the rose-crested, the greater white-crested, the greater and the lesser sulphur. crested, the citron-crested, the blood-stain ed, and the long billed cockatoos. The golden-winged woodpecker and the Senegal lark-heel follow. Then a crowd of the rarest pigeons and doves will be sold. Afterwards the piping and other guans, and the different varieties of curassoros will be sold. The brush turkey will be next offered. The family phasianidm is numerous, embracing tt male Japan pheasant, the only living specimen in Europe. There are also many other rare pheasants. The tetreoniche and tinamidea families follow. The ostriches, rheas, emos, cassowary, and other gigantic birds will then be sold. Cranes, herons, storks, the ibis, and birds of a like character will succeed. The species anaticlee, including every sort of geeso, swans, ducks, teal, &c., will form a large item in the sale. Gulls, gannetts, and red-backed pelicans, conclude the sale of birds. And, as a finish, a collection of tor toises and a selection of poultry will wind up the sale. What the result of this sale may be we cannot tell. The Knowsley aviary has a world-wide fame. The title page of the catalogue terms it " The Mee nagerie and Aviary at Knowsley, formed by the late Earl of Derby, K.G., president of the Zoological Society of London, August, 1851." But what does that involve ? More than we can tell. The founder of the Knowsley aviary commenced his labours when comparatively a boy. He devoted a long and an intelligent life to the pursuit of natural history, anti he succeeded in forming a collection such as has never been equalled by any private collection, or in any public institution. The like of Knowsley aviary was never seen before— it is probable it will never be seen again. All will deplore the scattering of this magnificent collection. Into the question of its distribution we do not now enter. It is probable that its founder did not expect it to be distributed after his decease, as he expressed his wish to a gentleman, about two years before his death, that, after he was removed hence, the collection would be of more general access and mere instructive than it could be in a private family. But, such as it was, he made it. It occupied 100 acres of land, and 70 acres of water. Its first cost is unknown ; its ree puted annual outlay exceeds ten thousand pounds. The sale will bring purchasers from all civilized coune tries. We have reason to believe that the collection will be scattered through all the European capitals. But, whatever be its fate, we advise our readers, one and all, to go to the aviary when it is on view. Such a sight is nowhere else to be seen in the whole world, and we believe it will be next to impossible that an other such collection can be got tcgether.—Liverpool Courier. MAIN LINZ. Passengers £2,699 17 3 Parcels, 11. C. and D. ... 96 18 9 Goods, cattle, &c. ... ••• 469 8 1 Mails ... ... ... fee 575 0 0 Total .. ... ... £3,841 4 1 MOLD. Passengers ... £44 2 4 Parcels, H. C. and D. ... ... 8 1 11 Goods, cattle, &c. ... 70 0 8 Total ... £122 4 11 STEAM-BOATS. Passengers ,• •" £531 1 10 _ _ _ Parcels., 11. C. and D. ..• ... 22 11 0 Total ... £553 12 10 MARIANWVITHERS. BY GERALDINE E. JEWSBURy. Author of " Zoe," The Half Sisters," &c." This is a clever and brilliant book, full of the results of varied knowledge of life, abounding in evidences of nice discernment and delicate observation, combined with a strength and range of thinking very rare in a female writer. The style, too, is admirable for its caustic and compressed vigour. Stn of the perso na l sketches especially are dashed off with a picturesque pun gency which reminds one of Douglas Jerrold. The dialogue is lively and pointed. The characters well conceived and well developed. In the description of the men and women by whom the destiny of the heroine is shaped, and in the social discussions and general reflections to which the events of the narrative give rise, there is displayed a tact, dexterity, and power, which entitle this book to take a high rank among contemporary fictions. We heartily commend Mks Jewsbury's novel. It contains much that no thoughtful reader will willingly let die."— Weekly News. ROMANTIC MARRIAGE.—'V e heard, the other day, a well-authenticated story, ono of the many incidents in or dinary life which proves the truth of the saying that truth is stranger than fiction." The names of the parties were mentioned to us, and we know an i nd i vidual of the family in which the circumstance occurred. During the struggles of the Greeks with the Turks, th e l atter, in an attack upon the Island of Scio, slaughtered th e grown up population , and sold the children as slaves. O ne of the latter, a young and very beautiful girl, was purchased by an English gentleman, holding a diplomatic appo in t ment, who educated the child as oue of his own, and she grew up to realise the early promise of personal loveliness, and withal a most accomplished girl. The gentleman had s ons ; one of them, captivated by the beauty, grace, and intellectual at tractions of the fair islander, made her his wife, and has had reason to r'joico in the selection. The continental Greek females are, we believe, not remarkable for bea u t y, w hi ch i s monopolised by those of the lonian Isles. F or reasons, which will be sufficiently obvious, we do not mention the names of the parties, and therefore our readers must take the story on our credit, but they may rot assured Qf its perfect truth. —ilberdeen Journal. DINNER TO LORD SEYMOUR. TOTNES, TUESDAY.—Some time since Lord Sey mour purchased the Gate House, in the High-street of this town, for 7001., and having expended 3001. more in alterations, he devoted it to the purposes of a. mechanics' institute, a library, and a reading-room ; newspapers of different shades of politics being ad mitted, and the advantages of the whole being open to the inhabitants of Totnes, without distinction of sect or party. In consequence of this it was determined by a large number of the principal residents to give his Lordship a dinner, and Mr. G. S. Cary —a magis trate of the county, a gentleman of ancient family, one of the most influential constituents, and the inva riable propuser hitherto of the Noble Lord on the hustings—was invited to preside ; but feeling greatly dissatisfied with the vote of Lord Seymour in favour of the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, Mr. Cary felt bound to decline. The dinner was laid to-day in the new room of the Gate House, and Captain Mitchell, R.N., occupied the chair. About 120 sat down, fully three-fourths of whom were Conservatives, and Mr. T. Bryett, the agent of the Conzervative party, was one of the vice chairmen. After the usual loyal and complimentary toasts had been given, The CEI:',IMILN proposed the health of Lard Sey mour in complimentary terms, dwelling on the ser vice the Noble L o rd h a d ren d ere d T ' res cuing the Mech an i cs ' Institute from the deay by w ic; had commenced a n d the destructionic which ht c hreatened before his L or d s hi p ' s ki n d attention was directed to its encouragement and support. The toast was loudly applauded. Lord SEYMOUR, having first expressed his acknow ledgments, proceeded to assure the company that he had taken great interest in the promotion of education and the advancement of knowledge in Totnes ; and for this reason—no one could watch the present pro gress of society without seeing the necessity of making every effort to keep pace with the general advancement of the age. The rapid progress which kno wledge wes making, and the greater intercourse between men from distant parts, tended to increase the mighty impetus which civilization had of late years received, and those who lived not within the sphere of the capitals of the world, or of the great marts of commer#e, must still follow that progress by reading books, by watching every opportunity, and by using every exertion to qualify themselves to take part in the race with their fellow-men.—(Cheers.) It was propheciad in the Book of Daniel, 'Many shall run to and fro, and knowledge shall be increased ;" railroads and Lord Bacon, quoting that p assa g e, o bserved that the more men could commu nicate w i th each other, would increase. seen ou Lived to the the more p k r n e o e w ri l t ed e d g ay, to iv our s teamers conne c t in g distan t parts with a and ra pidity of intercourse i m p os s i ble for him to have conceived, Lord Bacon would have said th of Daniel was a bout to be ful filled. But I ' e prophecy we should be blessed with another twenty-five the most remote corners of the earth years of P . a e, be brought into closer connexion . would prot toly experience, we could now just] than, with a our lie, however, regarded the bye estimate.—(Call,enents n from the cheaper and more rapid now springing by railroads ,Ind steam-boats system of travel ng con ferred since the invention ofas greater than any (Hear.) One effect of railroadsthe printing prcs.e— has been to give lai a new branch of literature. Every station held opt see the stand ar d publications, so that he hoped soon to of the country, at r works penetrate the remotest parts a price which would bring tnem within the r eac h of all. For it must membered literature was of no that party—that it .. oi l not attach it se lf to one side or the ot h e r—that all books ought to be fairly read, and all newspapers to be looked at that did not attack good morals or inter fere with the social tendencies of life. Whilst per sonal controvelsy might lead to angry disputations, the study of literature was free altogether from that grave objection. Bcoks might combat cherished opinions without giving offence, and might rivet at tention when striking at the root of the most stubborn prejudices. As the world advanced we must advance with it, and as knowledge increased we must increase our knowledge, being fully assured, from past experi ence, that we s h ou ld thereby promote our physical as well as our morn well. being.—(Cheers.) The Noble Lord concluded by giving " The Health of the Chairman. Captain MITCHELL responded, and proposed " p - ros. parity to the town of Totnes:' Then followed other touts, and the company did not separate until a late hour. All political questions v,ere scrupulously avoided, and ha %mu+ , unanimity prevailed. 1