The Sun. — London, England, 1850-05-01 00:00:00

THE ART UNION OF LONDON. (Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.) The following prizes were drawn:— 459. Miss E. Taylor £lo 2142. Mr. E. H. Deacon 10145. Mr. J. M. Payne 4885. Mr. J. Breech, Bradford 10552. Mr. James Dean, Kirkstile ...... ......... 674. The Rev. H. Conway. Virorkington 7O 312 G. Miss Rowe, New Oxford-street 7592. Mc. R. Wingfield, Slough 5O 8632. Mr. Wm. Shippery, Worthing . • 2316. Mr. Jacob Bell, Langham-place BO 8656. Mr. Edgworth, Wrexham 8191. Mr. Davidson Forris lO 7581. Mr. W. Mastic, Sleaford BO 1476. Captain Reynolds, Junior United Service Club . lOO 511. Mrs. D6lafosse, Oxford-terrace, Hyde-park 15 1024. Airs. Douglas Guest, St. John's Wood 369. Mr. W. E. Eddison, Wa'brook 1272. Mr. C. Dooman, Hammersmith 6867, Mr. A. E. Cresswell, Norwich l5O 9750. Miss K. Loder, Albany-strcet,Regene.)-park 20 1373. Mr. W. Howe, York l5 1363. Mr. F. Macqueen, Tottenham•court-read 6O 9349. Mr. A. Harris, Hartlepool 6785. Mr. G. Prat', New York BO 6614. Miss F. Ball, Merthyr 4220. Mr. William Duffield, Bath 2O 7331. Officers of Marino Library, Chatham 25 901. Mrs. C. Smith, Exeter-place, Knightsbridge 40 2254. Mrs. James Thurlow, Judd-street 25 .2251. Mr. St. 13arbe, Stoke Newington l5 9512. Mr. W. Gell, Douglas, Isle of Man lO 4546. Mr. Archibald Vickers, Disly, Lear Man chester 4O 609. Mr. J. If. Mann. Chairman of the Artists' Benevolent Fund, Kentish-town 4436. Mr. E. H. Mating, Bishop Wearmouth 4O 2114. Mr. C. Bobbing, Lambeth-walk 25 3511. Mr. G. Bankes, Bromsgrove 6284. Mr. Ed. Lichfield, Liverpool 3184. Mr. W. F. Burn, King's-road, Bedford-row 15 2634. Mr. G. W. Newell, Maidenhead 1000. Mr. D. Wire, St. Swithin's-lane 2149. Miss Hooper, Reading 1212. Mr. H. H. Armistead, Liquorpond-street 5878. Mr. W. B. Wingate, Dumfries 25 4585. Rev. L. Porter, Bolton 73. Mr. Jas. Durant, Bank of England ... 25 8502. Mr. C. W. Benny, Winchester 5O 9898. Mr. R. Child, Henley-on-Thames 7123. Mr. William Layers, jun., Plymouth 6O 8360. Rev. C. Potchett, Grantam 3866. Mr. C. Jeffries, Limehouse 8249. Mr. George Grant, White Vale, Glasgow 9507. Miss Hodder, Isle of Man l5 10368. Mr. P. Bald, Glasgow 2344. Mr. J. T. Hughes; St. Martin's-le-Grand 1328. Mr. A. D. Colburne, Piccadilly 4065. Mr. J. Woodhouse, Ashby-de-la-Zouch 4O _ _ _ 4159. Mr. David Taylor, Kennington-common lOO 2263. Mr. J. T. Armistead, Bank of England 4O 6600. Mr. J. Greenhalglz, Mansfield l5 1640. Mr. E. East, per Mr. Simpson, Blackfriars road 7205. Mr. Edgar Braithwaite, Pontefract ... 10 2040. Mr. 0. Staits Bernard-st., Russell-square... 10 6698. Mr. R. Malcolm, Nairn.... 3974. Mr. H. Moorhouse, Billiter-street 3950. Mr. E. S. Stillwell l5 7064. Mr. R. Morris, Philadelphia 2925. Mr. T. J. Young, Great Cumberland-street 40 9855. Rev. Dr. Penrose, Wrettle, near Chelmsford 20 4344. Mr. Doidge. of Bideford 9743. Mr. William Moffett, per W. Watson, Syd ney, New South Wales 2O 7069. Mr. R. F. Sneyder, Philadelphia....: l5 1222. Mr. Thomas Trollope, Braintree, Essex 25 553. Messrs. Smith and Wheedon, Paternoster-row 25 667. Mr. F. Graves, Yowls-place, Hampstead-road 20 3301. Mr. J. B. Gillingham, Wareham 10362. Mr. T. Robertson, Glasgow... lO 4322. Mr. J. Bewdlcy 2' 2948. Mrs. It. C. Wilson, Preston li 6309. Miss Swift, Liverpool 500. Mr. W. W. Smith, Kentish-town 8886. Mr. E. B. Green, Melbourne, Purt Philip 4l 5365. Miss Lewis, Chepstow 3318. Mr. Char. Brown, Lower Tooting 5396. Mr. J. Lucas, Chester 5( 10332. Mr. Edwin Nudd, Dunstan-hill .... 6373. Mr. Wm. Pickier], Lynn &17. Mr. Edw. C. Proctor, Ball's Pond ...... 5( 2235. Mr. A. E. White, Poplar 1047. Mr. B. ()Aden, Goudburst 1574. Mr. F. Watts, Warwick-square, Pimlico 5C 9215. Mr. S. Commisseand, Grenada 238. H. Carr, Murder) College, Oxford 25 8933. Mr. G. If. Gardner, Bowness, Windermere 70 1179. Miss E. Lovegrove, Blackwall 5650. Mr. James Bete, Demerara lO 6360. Mr. T. Watson, Butterworth 1774. Mr. J. A. [Janet, Great George-street . 743. Mr. W. J. Bugbee, jun., City Gas Works 70 8351. Mr. W. W. Hardwick, Grantham 5365. Mr. J. DennPtt, Cranbrook, Kent 5016. Mr. Henry Gardner, Bury St. Edmund's 5896. Mr. D. Burrell, Oxford-street 5O 9828. Mr. M.Stilss, Biden- terrace, Sheperdess-walk 25 6367. Rev. H. C. Michell, Leamington 4O 1889. Mr. W. Payne, Horslydown... lO 4657. Mr. J. Munro, Boston, United States 3073. Mr. It. Lee, Regent's-square, St. Pancras 9504. Mr. W. Beckwith, Isle of Man 5511.• Mr. T. H. Penn, Mayland, Colchester The whole of the money prizes having been drawn, the committee proceeded with the drawing of the names for the works of art, and the business terminated. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COUR l' OF QUEEN'S BENCH, April 30. TOLLER V. ATTWuOD. (Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.) Mr. SiALINS having finished his reply, The COURT took time to consider. MARKET 1N TEL LIGEICCE. (From the London New Price Current, April 30.) SI:MAR.—To-day there was a good business concluded in the West India Sugar market, but merchants were compelled to accept the rates of Friday, and grocers were the chief operator'. The total purchases amounted to 890 hhds, &c, including two public sales of Barbadoes, consisting of 270 hhds, 49 trcs, and 15 brls, which went at steady rates; fine yellow at 40s to 425, mid to goo d 37a to 39s 6d, low 35s 6d to 36s 6d; but 24 hhds Trini dad were taken in at 35s per cwt. REFINED.—To-day Refined Sugar was purchased with caution by home dealers; still, brown Lumps were not to be obtained under 48s per cwt. Crushed Sugar dull of sale at former terms. MAURITIUS.—This afternoon there was rather more desire to operate in Mauritius Sugar, and at public sale 7,365 bags were all sold at full terms; low to fine y e ll ow went at from 34s to 395, grey 33s 6d to 38s, brown 28s to 349, grainy 35s to 42s per cwt. EAST INDIA.—This afternoon the public sales of 4,079 bags Bengal Sugar went off quietly at former terms, and about two-thirds sold; ord to fine white Be nares at 36s to 395, good and fine grainy yellow 393 to 423 6d, and fair soft yellow 33s to 34s 6d. Of Madras, 2,762 bags were all sold, but at rather lower rates; soft brown went at 27s to 27s 61 and ord yellow ditto at 2ss to 28s ed per cwt. FOREIGN, —Although bonded parcels can be obtained rather under previous rates, still the shipping orders completed have been of little moment, and are confined to 500 chests fine brown Bahia at 183 3d; a cargo of white Pernambuco for the Mediterranean at 243 6d; 600 boxes low yellow Havannab, 183 ; small parcels of better sort, 19s to 20s ; and two cargoes of brown Bahia, at 17a 4d to 17s 9d per cwt. At public sule of 1,795 chests Havannah 1,200 sold at from 193 to 21s 61 for mid to fine; and superior at 22s to 22s Gcl. Duty paid kinds have been brought more freely to market, end rather lower terms are ac ceded to tor inferior, but better sorts remain much the Same es quoted previously. There has net been much business concluded by private treaty, still at auction 983 hds 24 trs bgs Porto Rico nearly all found buyers. Of Havannah 1,278 chests were in part sold, good to fine yellow at 396 to 41a 6d; low to mid, 38s to 38s 6d; washed, 353 6d to 38s 6d: 706 bags Rio, brown, at 34s to 35s 6d; yellow, 383 6d to 395; and 43 chests Bahia yellow and brown, 344 6d to 38s. Refiners working under bond have made purchases with much caution, and the sales are chiefly confined to 1,000 chests brown Havannah, at 363 Gd per cwt. MOLASSES.—To-day at public sale 29 casks Bengal Honey were taken in at 255, but 40 pkgs Jamaica sold at 42s to 433. CocoA.—This afternoon the public sales of 434 bags Trinidad Cocoa went Y 8o off quietly, an d a part only id but full rates were obtained ; goo d red realised 44s to , 465, low and mid dark 38s to 40s 6d per cwt. COFFEE. --This afternoon there was greater dulness in th e market for Coffee, and prices furth er declined. The purchases made privately were trifling by shippers and home alers, whilst the nearest value of good ord Native Ceylon is 41s per cwt. At auct i on 167 bags Rio sold at a considerable reduction on late rates ; g oo d ord at 37s 6d, ord 365, and damaged 26s to 29z. Of Jamaica 28 packages taken in at 45s to 50s. Tta.—There has been a good demand for common and medium sorts of Congou for home trade purp oses; shippers have been buyers to a fair extent, and the are rates paid are 9id to Is. p er lb. In better sort s on l y ls limited sales have been mad e, from 2d to and Is sellers Bd, but willing to accept fine met with the least attention. There has been little p ass i n g in Souchong, and prices are, on the decline. Of flowery and scented Orange Pekoe larger parcels have been shld, and former terms are well sup ported. A good sale has been experienced for scented Caper at Is to is 4d. Lower rates have been acceded to for common Green Tea; the better sorts have been purchased with caution, and can be obtained at a slight reduction. With Green the market is abundantly sup plied. SPICES.--Nutoaegs have bees in fair demand at the former value, and 27 pkgs sold at 2s Gd to 2s 9d for mid and good mid brown. For Mace, prices are rather lower; and at auction 9 races were sold at is 101 to 2s Gd for low to good. To-day at public sale 11 barrels Jamaica Ginger sold at 85s to 913 for inferior; 20 begs Pimento sold at 40, these are lower rates. 14 cases Penang Cloves, I s 4d for fine bold. SPlRlTS.—Operations in Leeward Island Ilum:dhave been small at from is 3jd to is 41 proof, and there is a better' supply at ',market. East India dull of sale at is 2d to Is 3d proof. Jamaica has been eo purchased with caution for all purposes, and there aresytellre3rics3enadtt rather lower terms. Th e value of 20 to 29 over proof is 2s 2d to 2s 7d, 30 to 37 o ver 2 s 81 and superior 34 to 39 o ver 3 s 4d to 4 s 2d. D emerara ' met with little attention, and has declined in value, sales of 30 to 40 per cent over proof having been made at Sa to 21 3d. In the Brandy market uatwh datum exi§ts, and sellers are willing to accept for Cognac best brands of the vintage of 1849, 4s 3d to 4s sd, 1848 ditto 4s 5d to 4a 7d, 1847 ditto 5s to 5s 2d. Inferior sorts 2s 7d to 43 3d. Gin has been purchased with caution at is 7d, and fine at 2s 3d to 3s 3d. Operations in'British made Spirits are limited at 9s 5d to 93 6d proof, and Gin at 7s lad to 8s 4d for 17 to 22 per cent under proof. INDlGO.—Prices are rather lower for Spanish, and supplies continue to get larger. At public sale 150 serons Guatemala were all sold; Cortes, middling to fine at 25 lld to 3s sd, ordinary and good ordinary 2s 4d to 2s 10d; Sobres, good anti fine 3s 6d to 3s 11d, and good Flores 4s to 44 3d per lb. East India is held for former terms, but the demand has become limited for home use and exportation during the last few days. The quantity declared for auction is now 11,630 chts, of which 8,625 are new, and 3,005 chts are second-hand goods. OILS.—For Olive Oil prices have further receded, and operations are not upon a larger scale; sales of Gallipoli have been made at 441 lOs to 45/, Spanish 441 to 451, other sorts 421 103 to 431 lOs per tun. Palm is not much wanted, 30s to 31s is the value of good and fine, and at auction 83 casks were taken in. In Cocoa Nut operations are upon a larger scale, but at lower rates ; sales of good and fine Cochin have been made at 30s 61 to 31s 6d per cwt, but several parcels have arrived. Linseed Oil met with little attention from shippers or home dealers ; and as there is a plentiful supply, crushers are willing to realise, and ac cept 31s to 31s 31 on the spot - . There has been little business dune for delivery. Rape Seed Oil has been purchased with caution, sellers are willing to accept 38s 6d to 40s for pale, and brown 37s to 38s. Cod Oil is cheaper and few buyers are to be met with; the present value is 345. Only trifling sales have been made iu Seal Oil, pale at 36/ to 37/, and other sorts 31/ to 35/. TALLOW.—An improvement has taken place in the demand for Russian on the spot, but not with an advance in prices. A fair amount of business has been con cluded, and the rates paid have been 36s 9d to 37s per cwt for fine P. Y. C. There has been more disposition to operate for delivery in last three months of the year, and the rates paid have been 38s to 38s 6d per cwt, but at which there are not free settlers. A good demand has been experienced for home melted, and the terms obtained are 35s 6d to 36s nett cash. With other sorts of Tallow the market is less freely supplied, and rates exhibit an advance, a limited quantity having been brought to market. At auction 600 pkgs of South American were sold at from 33s to 36s 6d fur low to fine, and 1,700 casks Sydney at 35s to 37s 6d per cwt. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF TUESDAY. , WHITEHALL APRIL 19, 1850. _ _ The Lord Chancellor has appointed Joseph Challinor, of Leek, in the county of. Stafford, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. BANKRUPTS. William George Ccely, omnibus proprietor, Poplar, to surrender May , 7 and Juno 13, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall street ; M'Leod and Stenning, London-street, Fencburch street. James Brighton, licensed victualler, Derby-street, Gray's Inn-road, May 7, at half-past one, and June 8, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee; Dimmock and Burbey, Suffolk-lane, Cannon street. Thomas Collingwood, innkeeper, Nunebam Courtney, Oxfordshire, May 11, at half-past twelve, and June 22, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee, Guildhall-chambers, Basinghall-street; Ford and Lloyd, Bloomsbury-square. Anthony Edward Corvan, baker, Hampstead-road, May 11, at half-past twelve, and June 22, at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee, Guildhall-chambers; Hubbard, Bucklersbury. James Guest, commission agent, Birmingham, May 13 and June 17, at eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Christie, official assignee, Birmingham; Raw lins and Rowley, Birmingham. John Brown, builder, Bristol, May 14, and June 11, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Miller, official assignee, Bristol; Harley, Bristol. James Villar, maltster, Leckhampton, Gloucester shire, May 13, at twelve, and June 10, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Hutton, official assignee, Bris tol; Winterbotham and Bell, Cheltenham. Charles Pearson, licenses victualler, Sheffield, May 11 and June 22, at ten, at the Leeds District Court, Sheffield. Freeman, official assignee, Sheffield; Cham bers, Sheffield. Conrad Greenhow, jun., timber merchant, Newcastle upon-Tyne, May 7, at half past ten, and July 10, at twelve, at the Newcastle-upon-Tyne District Court. Wakley, official assignee, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Hoyle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Crosley and Compto n , Church court, Old Jewry. ATTEMPTED MURDER. An atrocious attempt at murder was made at Barling a village between Rochford and Wakering, about mid night on Tuesday last, the assassin firing through the window at his victim as he was kneeling in bed, and wounding him so dangerously about the upper part of his body that little hopes are enter tained of his life. The name of the wounded man is Daniel Cunningham, a labourer, who resides in a cot tage with his wife and step-daughter, and it appears they all went to bed about half-past nine; at half-past twelve Cunningham got up for a certain purpose, and was kneeling on the bed when a gun was fired through the cottage window, and about forty shots entered his chest, neck, and lac arm • one shot also struck the wife, who was lying i n the bed, above the eye. An alarm was immediately given to the neighbours. Mr. Miller, surgeon, of Wakering was called t..) the wounded man; and information was given to the police, who on inspecting the premises found the glass cf the window broken, and the lead riddled with large shot, ap rarently No. 1, and that the party who fired the gun ap peared to have stood upon a bank about 12 yards off. S•ispicion at once attached to a man named Rison, who had lodged in the house, and had been heard to make use of threats towards the party. It appears that Mrs. Cun ningham was formerly married to a man named Webb, anti that after her husband's death Cunningham and Rison lodged with her ; Cunningham married her about two years since, thus, it is belie►ed, thwarting the intentions of Rison, who, however, continued to lodge there till about a month ago, when Cunningham compelled him to go. Since then he had repeatedly declared that he would shoot the woman. In conse quence of this the police proceeded to his lodgings at Wa,kering, two miles off, at four o'clock the same morn ing, where they found him in bed with his clothes on, and his trousers and shoes wet. A formidable duck gun, which ho had borrowed, was found behind the door, and had recently been discharged, and it was also dis covered that he had bought powder, shot, and gun caps the previous night. He was therefore at onca taken into custody. On Wednesday, the depositions of Cunningham were taken before the Rev. T. S. Stratton, at the man's house, he being considered in danger of death; the prisoner was taken to the room of the wounded man. His evi dence was confined to the fact, that he was on the night of Tuesday last, shot whilst in a kneeling position in bed, and that the prisoner well knew the situation of the bed, as he helped him (Cunningham) to put it up. On Saturday last, the prisoner was fully committed for trial.—Essex Herald. YOUNG MENS' CHRISTIAN FRIEND SOCIETY. A public breakfast was given yesterday morning at the Freemasons' -tavern, in Great Queen-street, in aid of the funds of the Young wens' Christian Friend Society. Upwards of a thousand young people of both sexes sat down to a very substantial repast, over which the Hon. Arthur Kinnaird presided, the chair being taken as early as six o'clock. On the withdrawal of the cloth the Rev. C. Jackson invoked the Divine blessing upon the pro ceadings, and the company having sang a hymn to the praise and glory of the Deity, The CHAIRMAN briefly addressed them on the objects of the association which they had met to support, and which was established some years ago for the purpose of uniting young men in the bonds of Christianity. Its career had been highly prosperous, thousands of the youth of this great country having been morally and re ligiou,ly benefited by the labours and exertions of its officers, to whom too much credit could not be given for the untiring zeal and devotion which they dedicated to the interest of the association.—(Cheers.) Knowing that ti me was preJious, and that the majority of those pre ath a t n) a • li le t n in tt e h a en h e . d a sent were anxious soon to return to their daily avoca tions,remarks, but simply assure t hem of them m th w a i he should not detain th ciation.— (Laughter and cheers.) heart, hands, and voice were at the service the asso ciation.—(Laughter Rev. Mr. —HAPLIN a ddressed the meeting, next ll in which they were assembled was somewhat typical of the observing purposes of this that the magnificent ha association. It was the Freemasons'-hall, and although they were not masons in a worldly, they were at least masonry of brothers in a moral sense. They practised the highest order, always looking welfare of the young men, and protecting them after the religious rom evil. The mai n o bj ec t o f t hi s soc iety was to attach young men to each other, to induce them, by a commu nity of interest, to relieve each others' moral and physi cal destitution, and he was rejoiced to know that the as sociation was daily becoming more appreciated, and its purposes better understood.—(Cheers.) Several other Rev. Gentlemen addressed the society in a similar strain, after which a report was read, from which it appeared that during the past year the total receipts had been 2,1511., being an increase over the previous year of 1,542/. While the expenditure amounted to 2,1201, leaving a balance of 301. in hand. The average weekly attendance of members at lectures had been 200, the total munber of young men attached to the association being upwards of 2,000, for whose use 2no/. had been devoted to the formation of a library and reading-room in Gresham -street, City. No less than 50,000 books had been circulated gratis since the society first commenced its operations. A cordial vote of thanks was then passed to the chair man, and the meeting separated. THE MACKEREL Fisiiii------'-----Ry.—The a t 11 e a duri ng the week have not been large, but therecehasben s upply on each day. One smack on Monday bro e ugh l t in fair 5,000 fish, which has been the largest catch d ur i ng the week. The boats have been fishing throughout the " light" nights, and the mackerel caught have ,been of an inferior quality,' owing, as the men alleg e, to thi s cause. Many of the boat s have proceeded homewards, in the impression that the fishery is drawing to a close. Prices during the week have ruled as follows ;—Saturday, from Ss. to 10s. per six score; Sunday, from 1 Is. to 13s. ; Monday, from 10s. to 12s. ; Tuesday, from 9s. to Ils. ' • Wednesday, from is. to 10 s . ; Thursday, Ba. to lls. ; and Friday, from 9s. to 12g. About 100 tons have been sent out by railway since our last. A week or two since the mackerel boat Eight Sisters, while fishing off this port, made a curious " haul," and secured in the nets, which had sunk to the bottom from the immense quantity of fish, a fine pair of deer's augers, auclthe greater Pan of the 41gt11,--Plymouth Times. ___ -.- IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT, ROUSE OF LORDS, Aprzl 30. Their Lordships met at Five o'clock. PETITIONS. The Marquis of BREADALBANE presented several petitions from Presbyterian congregations in Scotland and Ireland against Post-office Sunday labour. The Earl of ROSEBERY presented several petitions against any alteration in the law of marriage which should authorise marriage with a deceased wife's sister. The Earl of RODEN presented a petition from some place in Ireland for a grant to Church schools; also petitions against Post-office Sunday labour. The Earl of CARLISLE presented a petition from Wisbcach with a similar prayer. PROCESS AND PRACTICE (IRELAND) BILL. The Earl of CARLISLE moved the second reading of this Bill, the object of which was to render justice in Ireland more cheap, more certain, and more expeditious. Lord DIONTEAGLE hoped that sufficient time would be given to the public and the profession in Ireland to consider the provisions of this Bill. The Marquis of WESTMEATH objected to any alteration in the law, which required greater strictness in the particulars of summonses in actions to ejectment. Alter a few words from the Earl of CARLISLE, the Bill was read a second time. WEST INDIA APPEALS BILL This Bill passed through Committee. TITLES OF RELIGIOUS CONGREGATIONS BILL (SCOTLAND). On the motion of the Marquis of BREADALBANE, this Bill was read a third time and passed. ADVANCES FOR PUBLIC WORKS (IRELAND). The Marquis of WESTMEATH moved for copies of all communications made in and since February, 1849, to the Board of Works in Ireland, or to the Irish Go vernment by the Marquis of Westmeath, Sir Montague Chapman, Bart., or any other landed proprietors in the barony of Delvin, and county of Westmeath, relative to the public works carried on in that locality under what is termed Mr. Laboucher's Letter, and the replies thereto, as'vvell as all inclosures accompanyiog the same. The Noble Marquis complained that the result of the acceptance, by the landowners, of Government advances had been to bleed the real improvers, and to encourage and benefit the lazy and careless. The persons employed had not done their duty properly, and under these cir cumstances he hoped the Government would insist upon the repayment of the uttermost farthing of the money, to which those who had accepted the advances had made themselves liable, for the Government officers had taken the management of these works out of the hands of the landowners. He denied that the money had been asked for; Mr. Labouchere bad made a proposal, in perlect good faith he believed, and that proposal had been accepted. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE said that the whole of the advances made under Mr. Labouchere' letter hal been made to the landowners for the improvement of their property; and no later than last year the persons to whom these advances had been made received a great indulgence in having the time for the repayment of those advances extended last year from ten years to twenty two years. This was a great indulgence. In opposition to the Noble Marquis, he would contend that these ad vances had been asked for, and earnestly asked for, by the landowners; and if all the letters urging upon Mr. Labouchere the adoption of the measure which was ac ceded to in his letter were produced, the box on their Lordships' table would not contain them. He could not therefore accede to any request for a further ex tension of the time for the repayment of those advances, or for giving up any portion of such repay ments. The Noble Marquis had complained that these works had been most ineffectually done. The Marquis of WESTMEATH—OnIy in one in stance. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE was rejoiced to hear that admission; but the real state cf the case would appear from the papers for which the Noble Marquis had moved, and to the production of which there was no objection. The Marquis of WESTMINSTER said the Noble Marquis had been imposed upon. Many persons, who were totally incapable of doing a day's work, who could not properly use a spade, and who could scarcely stand, had been employed and paid fur a regular day's work, be cause none of those who had the management of these works dared to refuse them. The Earl of MOUNTCASIIELL complained of the manner in which persons bad been employed upon the roads. The reads had been rendered worse than useless by the persons so employed. The effect of the poor-law in Ireland was to drive the ratepayers out of the country and to prevent the employment of the poor. The motion was then agreed to. The Bills on the table were forwarded a stage, and their Lordships adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, April 30. The SPEAKER took the Chair at a few minutes before Four o'clock. Sir R. H. INGLIS moved that the petition of Thomas Marsh Nelson, which was deposited in the Private Bill office upon the 29th day of this instant April, against the Loudon (City) Improvements Bill, be referred to the Committee on the Bill ; and that the petitioner may be heard before the said Committee, pursuant to the prayer of his petition. After a short conversation, in which Sir J. DUKE and Mr. FORSTER took part, the motion was postponed for the present. PETITIONS. Mr. BROTHERTON presented a petition in favour of international arbitration. Sir J. DUKE presented a petition from the ballast heavers of Wapping, praying the House to extend to them the same privilege as had been extended to the coal-whippers; and also from a number of respectable inhabitants of that district, recommending them to the favourable notice of the House. Mr. WILLIAMS presented a petition from a meeting at the London Tavern, praying the House to pass some measure for the efficient supply of water to the metropolis. Colonel THOMPSON presented a petition from a parish in Middlesex praying the House to pass some efficient Health Bill. Lord DUN CAN presented a petition in favour of a more equitable system of poor•rates. Mr. CAYLEY presented a petition in favour of the Marriage Bill; also three petition► from Yorkshire in favour of protection to British industry. Alderman SIDNEY presented a petition from St. James's pariah complaining of the unequal imposition of local burdens; also a petition from the attorneys of Leek, in Staffordshire, against the Stamp Act. Sir E. BUXTON presented a petition in favour of the ocean penny postage. Mr. FOX MAULE presented several petitions from places in Scotland against Mr. S. Wortley's Marriage Act. Mr. C. PEARSON presented a petition from Lan caskire in favour of the Ten Hours Bill. Lord ASHLEY presented sereral petitions to the same effect. Mr. P. WOOD presented a petition from the clergy of Norwich in favour of the Vestry Clerks' Bill. Numerous petitions from all parts of the country were presented against ,Sunday labour in the Post-office. Numerous petitions were also presented in favour of a system of national arbitration. Mr. HUME presented a petition from miners and pitmen in Durham and Northumberland, praying for a remedy to prevent accidents in mines and collieries; also a petition from Stepney in favour of a measure for sanitary reform; also a petition praying for a repeal of the taxes on knowledge, and a petition in favour of inter national arbitration. Mr. MACKINNON presented a petition from Stepney in favour of the Government measure for intramural interments. Mr. ELLICE presented a petition from Coventry against Sunday labour in the Post-office. Mr. lIORSMAN presented two petitions from Cum berland, one against granting iadnitional licences Ll beer shops, and the other against Sunday labour in the Post-office. Mr. PORTAL presented a petition complaining of agricultural distresr, and praying for the repeal of the malt-tax. EMIGRATION OF PAUPERS. Mr. MILES gave notice that on the 28th of May he would move a resolution to the effect that it was expe dient for the Government, with the assistance and co operation of the boards of guardians, to take immediate steps to forward the emigration of orphan children, who were the inmates of workhouses, to Australia. SUNDAY LABOUR IN THE POST-OFFICE. Lord ASHLEY gave notice of his intention on an early day to move a resolution to the effect that there shall be no labour carried on in the Post-office during the twenty-four hours of the Sabbath. SLAVE TRADE. Sir JOHN PAKING TON gave notice that he should move an addition to the resolution to be proposed on the 17th of May, on the subject of the slave trade. THE . Mr. ANDERSON wished NAVY to put a question to the Right Honourable Baronet the First Lord of the Admiralty, of which he had given him notice. In the early part of last session a Committee was appointed to inquire into the practicability of pro viding a reserve steam navy through the medium of the commercial steam service of the country, my!, after a long investigation, the Committee came to the resolution that it was not only desirable but practicable. Twelve months had elapsed, and yet nothing had been done to carry out the recommendation of the Committee. He did not think, therefore, that he was premature in now asking the First Lord of the Admiralty what means have been adopted to effect arrangements with the owners of mercantile steam-vessels to render such vessels promptly available for the national defence in case of need, in pursuance of the report of the Select Committee of last session on steam navy. Sir F. BARING said, to carry out the suggestion, it I would be necessary either to introduce a measure into Parliament to force merchant seamen, engaged in the commercial steam navy, to enrol themselves, so as to render them liable to be called upon to serve in her Majesty's steam navy, or to take a vote of money to secure their voluntary services in a time of reed, and he certainly was net prepared to adopt either alternative, at least during the present session. LIGHTHOUSES IN IRELAND. the V A is d co m u i n ra t l ß ty E , I w tN he A th ß er D h w is ish at e t d oo to tio a t s i k h t a n d e be t e r o st o L ol o le r d d t o o f the numerous wrecks which have occurred on the south western coast of Ireland during the last few years, and whether any steps were about to be taken to erect light houses on the Bull Rock, the Forge Rock, and the Gal ley Head, as recommended by the late Captain Wolfe, in a letter dated March 10, 1848 (Second Report, Tidal Harbours Commission). Sir F. BARING said the matter referred to in the Noble Lord's question was under the control of the Irish Government, and he bed received information from the Palace: Board that three new lighthouses were now in the course of erection on the south coast of Ireland. The ki9ble 149 rd raw; be Pude, that the ralace 'Bard bad _ _ DAY EVENING, MAY=: 1850. other demands upon their funds, and at present th could nut undertake more.—(Hear, hear.) MEMBERS' OATHS. Mr. WOOD asked the First Lord of the Treasury whether it was the intention of her Majesty's Government to propose any measure, during the present session, with reference to the oaths now administered to Members on taking their seats in this House. Lord JOHN RUSSELL had to say that it was the intention of her Majesty's Government to introduce a measure on that subject during the present session of Parliament. He wculd take an opportunity, so soon as public business admitted, of stating the precise nature of the measure before it was introduced. EVICTIONS IN IRELAND. Mr. POULETT SCROPE asked the First Lord of the Treasury;twhether he was aware that a vast number of ejectment decrees had been recently served on a single estate in the county of Galway, whereby several thousand persons are liable to be in one day forced from their homes, and their houses levelled ; that in that and several other counties of Ireland evictions and house-levellings on a similar wholesale scale have been for some time past, and are still going on; and if the opinion of the law officers of the Crown had been taken as to whether such depopulations, whereby large bodies of her Majesty's subjects are at once deprived of shelter and livelihood, and many (as may be easily proved) of life, be not illegal, and a high crime and misdemeanour by the ancient common law of the realm? Lord J. RUSSELL said he had no official information respecting the number of evictions which had taken place in Ireland, and he saw that the Irish newspapers which discussed this subjec , , were ♦ery much at variance both as to the extent of the evictions and as to the persons who carried them into effect. It was certainly not his intention to submit any case to the law officers of the Crown on this subject—indeed he thought it would be exceedingly difficult for the law officers to give an opinion upon the point mentioned by the Honourable Member. NAVY ESTIMATES. Colonel CHATTERTON asked the First Lord of the Admiralty, seeing the sum of 538,6421. charged in the Navy Estimates for the years 1849.50, under the head of " Victuals for Seamen and Marines," what portion of that sum had been paid, or now remains due, to houses in England, Ireland, and foreign houses in the provision trade, for the supply of beet and pork for her Majesty's navy. Sir F. BARING said it would be difficult and inju dicious to apportion the sums among the different houses in England and Ireland. DUTY ON WHEAT. In answer to a questtion from Mr. NEWDEGATE, who complained of certain inaccuracies in the returns presented to Parliament of the duty received on the im portation of wheat, Mr. LABOUCHERE said he was sorry to say that tho Hon. Gentleman had fallen into error in the method of his calculations. It would require a more detailed statement than he could at present lay before the House to explain them, but he would just mention one instance. The accounts which the Hon. Gentleman alluded to were from the sth of January to the sth of February, and not from the first of the month, as he had stated. Of those, up to the 31st of January, corn entered at 10s., and the remainder at ls. duty. After a short conversation, the matter was allowed to drop, Mr. LABOUCHERE expressing a perfect confi dence that the Hon. Gentleman would find that the re turns were correct after he bad perused the statement which he would lay on the table of the Reuse. PREROGAI 'VII COURT —OFFICE OF REGISTRAR. Sir B. HALL rose to put a question to the Noble Lord at the head of the Government with reference to the office of the registrar of the Prerogative Court of Canterbury, which he said was a sinecure office, the emo luments of which amounted to 12,0001. per annum. The Archbishop of Canterbury had the power of appointing to the office, and also of nominating two others in re version. Ar c hbi s h o p M oore had appointed his two sons, Thomas and Robert Moore, the latter of whom now held it, h av i ng succeeded his brother in 1845. Along with the registrarship he believed that gentle man also held a prebend stall, and two rectories, having a net income of 14,000/. per annum. Dr. Manners Sutton, while ho was Archbishop, had appointed the present Viscount Canterbury, his grandson, then twelve years old, to the reversionary interest, while the late Arch bishop, Dr. Howley, had declined on conscientious grounds to make any appointment at all. Tho questions which he wished to ask were, whether the present Archbishop had not filled up the vacant reversionary interest with the name of the son of the present Bishop of Winchester, and what the age of that son was; and, also, whether it was the intention of the Government, in conformity with the provisions of an Act passed in 1847, to introduce any measure for the purpose of revising those appointments? Lord J. RUSSELL said, as the Right Hon. Baronet had given notice of his question, he had obtained in formation on the subject to which it referred, and he found that Mr. John Moore was appointed to the office by the late Archbishop Moore, and that Robert Moore was appointed to hold it in reversion after the death of his brother. It appeared, as the Right Honourable Baronet had truly stated, that the late Archbishop Howley did not fill up the vacancy which occurred during his lifetime.—(Hear. hear.) He (Lord J. Rus sell) could not say whether the Archbishop made any communication to her Majesty's Government on the subject, but ho remembered perfectly well that in a conversation which he had had with (him, the Archbishop mentioned that an office had become vacant, to which he did not intend to make an appointment, but he did not state the nature of the office. It appeared likewise that the second reversion of the office had since been given by the present Arch bishop to hie nephew, Mr. Sumner, who was a young man now studying at the Temple. (A laugh.) With respect to the existing law, as it effected that appointment, be might state, a Bill was introduced and passed into a law in 1847, which provided that all appointments subsequently made in the Ecclesiastical Courts, should be taken subject to any regulations which might afterwards be made by Parliament, either as to their alteration or abolition.—(Hear, hear.) The nature of the office in question was at present under going inquiry by a Select Committee of the House and it appeared to him (Lord J. Russell) to he one of those offices which, when Parliament dealt with the sub ject, would either oe abolished, or so altered that the person holding it should perform efficient duties.— (Hear, hear.) It appeared to him, likewise, that the enormous salary mentioned by the Right Honourable Baronet must be abolished, and, by the provisions of the Act to which he alluded, the person holding the office in reversion would be entitled to no compensation whatever. Sir B. HALL then gave notice that on Thursday nest ho would move for certain returns connected with the ofeers of the ecclesiastical courts in England and Wales. Mr. HORSMAN gave notice that on the same day he would put a question to the Noble Lord (Lord J. Rus sell) respecting the purchase, by the Ecclesiastical Com mission, of the Bishop of Gloucester's interest in the estate of Hawfield (as we understood). DRAINAGE BILL. In reply to Mr. DISRAELI, The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said the Bill which he bad mentioned in his financial statement respecting drainage would be laid on the table of the House in two or tht ee days. OFFICIAL SALARIES. Mr. HENLEY then rose to move that an humble ad dress be presented to her Majesty, humbly to request that she would be graciously pleased to direct that a careful revision be made of the salaries and wages paid in every department of the public service, with a view to a just and adequate reduction thereof, due regard being had to the efficient performance of the several duties. He believed this subject had not been to the fullest ex• tent brought under revision since the Sear 1821. This House then voted an address to the Throne on the then circumstances, calling for a revision of the salaries paid to all members of the service, and praying for a re duction of the numbers emplopst That motion was afterwards referred, by minutes of the Trea sury, to the heads of the various departments, and more alterations and reductions took place in conse quence. That measure was afterwards followed up by a Committee of the House, which had referred to its consi deration the salaries paid the officials who held seats either in that:or in the other House of Parliament, which was somewhat analagous to the Committee which was appointed a short time ago. Another Committee appointed in the same year took cognizance of the various officers who had heretofore been paid out of the Civil List, and who from that time were thrown upon the Consolidated Fund. These Committees led to re- ductions, but not of a great extent, and since that time there had been no further dealing with the sub ject. It would, however, be in the recollection of the House that about two years ago the present Government thought it right to refer th expenditure of the two great branches of the public service to the consideration of a Committee of this House, and he thought that of itself was a pretty strong indication that there was some thing special in the times to induce the Government of the country to take so very unusual a course. It chanced to him to have the honour of sitting on one of those Com mittees, but while the report of the Committee on the army estimates recommended reductions in the heads of departments, that of the Navy Committee was altogether silent on the subject; that brought them down to what took place the other day, when the Noble Lord at the head of the Govern ment brought forward a motion which was carried to refer certain limited branches of the service to a Select Committee. With what view the Noble Lord made that motion he did not know. He did not know whether the Noble Lord thought any increase or any reduction were necessary, because the Noble Lord did not tell them ; but he could hardly suppose that the Noble Lord had any other object but a reduction • in view. But, however that might be, he would state shortly to the House the branches of the public service which the Noble Lord selected in the consideration of this Committee. They were first the offices held by gentlemen who held seats either in that, or the other House of Parliament; then there was the diplomatic corps ; and, lastly, there where what were called judicial offices. Now, he was prepared to show that each of these separate branches stand upon srecial grounds, which some other branches did not. He would take first in • order the judicial salaries. Now since reference must be had to the remunera tion received by eminent men practicing in the same profession of equal dignity, that was an important element which must enter into the consideration of the question of what ought to be paid to an eminent advocate on undertaking a judicial office, and therefore he maintained that this branch of the public service stood upon grounds of its own.—(Hear, hear.) He now came to the diplo matic service. Of course a separate element which must enter into the consideration of that question must be the restricted circle of men et ability from whin they mild eeket ihtlividwile to fill th e 4facf. They must also take into account the expenses which an Ambassador was necessarily expected to incur in the various countries where the pubic service required them to go.—(hear.) Therefore they stand upon sepa rate ground from all other branches of the public ser vice. —(Hear.) He came next to the official gentlemen who held seats either in that or the other House, of Parliament, who, he thought, he should be able So show stood altogether upon grounds apart from h e great body of public servants who held perala nent offices in the various departments.—(Hxese,) In the first pl ace , t h ose gent l emen were only in antl out of office, and subject to a change by a thousand eSsease stances. But there was this peculiarity attache-Ilea t. eir office, that while other servants of the Goverenient were only required to work by day, the e:ervaz,s of the Crown in this and th e e th er H ouse of ent were called upon to work by night as well as by day. Therefore, both on the ground of not having permanek possession of their office, and of having to woile by day and by night, he did draw a distinct line between, those gentle men and all the other branches of the public service. If it was thought that the three branches of the public service, the army, navy, and ordnance, stood in need of revision, he wanted to know why it was that larger amounts of the public expend' .re, which he should bring before their notice, a - 3 not also to be subject to revision and economy, . enomy was proper. With respect to the army, navy, and ordnance, those estimates had been annually under the revision of Parliament itself. With respe t tc judicial offices and official salaries in this and the other Houses of Parliament, those had been recently submitted to more recent discussion than the larger mass to which he should call their attention. Now, he knew there was a very large number of gentlemen, not only in this House, but out of it, who had laid down the almost categori cal opinion that no economy could be practised and no saving could be made except in the warlike estab lishments of the country. Great countenance had been given to that opinion, not only by the Noble Lord the First Lord of the Treasury, but also by the late First Lord of the Treasury in his financial state ment in 1845. He (Mr. Henley) could not but think there was a deal of error in that state ment. When it was considered how large the expenditure of the country was, which never came under the review of Parliament at all, he thought it would be very difficult to show that if that large ex penditure were carefully looked into some con siderable saving might not be effected. He found that under the head of Customs, Ex cise, Stamps and Taxes, Post-office, and Crown lands, according to a financial return for 1848 to 1849, the amount paid under the head of salaries and wages was no less than 2,818,000/. He found also by the same return the sum paid in various salaries to Com missioners was 271,000/.; the diplomatic salaries were 140,000/. ; and the salaries of officers in courts of justice amounted to no less than 1,970,924/.; making altogether the sum of 4,327,000/. odd, not one farthing of which ever came under the review of Par. liament.—(Hear.) Then in the navy, army, and ordnance, the return of salaries and wages of persons who had nothing to do with fighting men showed a sum of 1,500,0001.; for salaries in the commissariat 100,000/.• ' salaries in miscell a n eous esti mates, 1,131,000/. So that there was of sala ries which came under the annual revision of Parliament a sum of about 2,647,0001. They had in addition large sums paid in salaries under the control of Government, though not paid out of the public Exchequer. Taking the expenses of all the courts of law, they amounted to 500,000/. per annum, thus making a total amount of 7,000,000/. in civil salaries. He wished to call the attention of the House to the amount of what was paid to the army, navy, and ordnance. The whole sum paid in round numbers was 6,500,000/., so that at least one million more was paid for civil salaries than to the army, navy, and ordnance; and yet they we-e told that it was quite impossible to save anything out of the civil expeases, and that the only way was te go to the warlike expenditure.—(Hear, hear.) That seemel to him very much like, to use a sporting phrase, giving a " false hollow" to distract attention, and turn inquiry from those items of expenditure where it was possible to make a good case. A good deal had been said on this subject out of doors, and it was thought that the army was kept up for the benefit of the aristocratic branches of the community. But how did that stand ? Out of the army estimates 1,100,000/. went to the officers, end 2,200,0001. to the men. The men were generally take n from the unskilled labourers of the country. They got a full share of the army employment. The Noble Lord at the head of the Government had held out that it was net possible to save more in these estimates than they had done. He had made such and such reductions. He had saved 100,000/., and when opportuniny offered, he was going to do a great deal more. Similar language had been held out by the Right Honourable Baronet at the head of the Government in 1845. Both Prime Ministers very much agreed, and that compelled him to look a little to the actual figures of the case as they stood when those statements were respectively made. The Noble Lord (Lord John Russell) stated, that since 1832, reductions had been made in the stamps and taxes whereby a saving was mode of 259,000/. No considerable reduction had been made since then. The Right Hon. Baronet (Sir R. Peel) had, he believed, made the statement in 1845, that it was their duty to reduce these establishments so far as was consistent with the public convenience and utility, and due regard to economy, and that the revenue should be collected with the least possible expensh. But still, after that admission, and although the su bj ec t h a d occu pied the attentio n f every Government, nothing effec tive had been done.—(Bear.) He went on to say that . he thought it would be a delusion to suppose that they could materially reduce the public burdens by diminish ing the salaries paid to the civil officers of the state. But when he (Mr. Henley) had showed that they amounted to 7,000,0001., he thought he was justified in differing from him in opinion it, upon inspection, it should be thought just to reduce them.—(Hear, hear.) Ho wished to know how far the Government had reali,ed savings? That he would show from public accounts. He came first in order with a statement of the compara tive expenditure of the country between the year 1838 and the year 1844. When the Right Honour able Baronet (Sir R. Peel) spoke in 1845, ho was about to introduce very considerable modifications in the tariff, which they were led to suppose would bring about a very considerable saving. In 1838 the great branches of the public revenue, the customs, excise, stamps, and taxes, cost the country, in salaries and wages, 1,993,5151. He found that in 1844, at a time when they were told that great reductions had been made from time to time, and that the tariff had been re vised, and various articles struck out of it, yet the cost of collection had swollen up to 2,034,000/, That was no thing like a general reduction. But, further, there was a very material item of expenditure. lie alluded to superannuation allowances, which should be taken into account, as well as the actual charge of salaries. In some of the departments a great many persons were oc casionally discharged, and after a little while more were taken on; and so far from reducing these al lowances in 1844, as compared with 1838, there was an actual increase. From 228,000/., in the latter year, they had swelled up in the former, to 254,000/. They had not only bad an increase in salaries, but in the su perannuation fund, so they bad it on the right and on the left. But that was not all; the revenue collected in 1844 was larger than that in 1838, and yet the expense of collection, which was only five per cent. in the iatter year, increased in 1844 to 5/. 48. 2d. per cent. There was an increased per centage in the cost of collection in the excise and stamps. He was not able to make a comparison in the taxes. Having arrived at the year 1844 he wished to draw a comparison with the present year, but he did not find that there was a reduction. In the year 1844 they had the property-tax, which was on also now, and therefore a comparison might be taken on all the four great branches of expenditure at this period. In the debate in 1845 they were promised distinctly by the First Minister of the Crown that if they would con sent to the repeal of the auction duties the saving in the collection of the revenue would be very great. The Right Honourable Baronet (Sir Robert Peel), forget ting for a moment his usual caution, travelled some what out of his course, and said that, with regard to plate glass, if the duty was taken off there would be a saving in the cost of collection. The Chancellor of the Exchequer said the same also with respect to the auc tion duty, but he found that the supposed saving did not reach the sum indicated. In 1844 the amount of sala ries in the four great departments of the revenue was 2,244,0004, and, with the superannuation allowances, the amount was 2,288,580/. In 1848.9 the aggregate amount of salaries and superannuation allowances in the same departments was 2,294,648/. After allowing certain re ductions, the result of the comparison was, that they had 2,205,000/. against 2,218,000/. • Therefore, all the mani fold savings from joining offices together in some in stances, and abolishing them altogether in others was, that they were now better by 83.498/. than they were in 1844. Taking one year with another, the whole expense did not decrease. Looking back twenty years, when there were nearly double the duties to collect, and indirect taxation had not been substituted for direct taxation, there was not that gain which they had a right to expect. He had dwelt more upon the collection of the revenue than upon the other branches of the public expenditure, because it was the largest, and it was most difficult to collect information respecting it. He had trespassed, perhaps, at too great length, upon the patience of the House, but it was not possible, without the dry detail of figures, to make the subject understood. The Government had not made out such a case of • continued reduction in these items that they could show that further reductions could not take place.—(Hear, hear.) At all events he had shown that with regard to the revenue, it could be carefully revised. With regard to Commissioners of Customs, they should consider hew far these Commissioners could come under this revision. Many of these Commissions should be inquired into. The Commissioners of Lunacy, for in stance, received 2,000/. a year salary. Why should they receive 2,000/. a year, and a county court judge only I,oool.?—(Hear, hear.) It was impossible to say that many of these salaries needed no revision, or that many of them might not be abolished.—(Hear, hear.) He now came to another branch of the subject. He rejoiced at the course taken by the Noble Lord of suggesting inquiries upon such matters. It was ne cessary at periods to take a review of the affairs of na- Lions as well as those of individuals. It was beneficial occasionally to overhaul their aff.:irs. Unless the Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) had seen something special in their circumstances he would not have adopted that course. He (Mr. Henley) was not one cf those who attributed the existing depression to recent legislation. There was certainly extreme depression, but he did not intend to go into that ; but it was perfectly just and legitimate to show that it was mainly owing to two great causes; first, the great alteration in the value of money; and, secondly, to the consequent decrease in the rate of interest, which had thus the effect of lowering the rate of profit, and stimulating competition.—(Hear, bear.) All these things made it extremely difficult for persons of small capital to make sufficient gain to support tLefaitirell read thei,V **lies; 4114 0010 causes of niecessity rendering any fixed salary infinitely ;Awn , valueb'e than it was twenty years ago, this sapped squally to salaries as as to income derived Prom other sources. Now, in addition to this, he should snot be considered to trench upon his privilege when he said that the legislation of the last three or four years had been carried on so as to secure the present low prices in every article of consumption. When the interest of the public debt increased so mech for the last twenty years, he considered that the income must have, increased in proportion to enable the Government to pay such high salaries to so great a number of officials as were at present employed, Flo would not dwell any further on this point, but refer to the case of emigration, which was well worthy the consideration of the House, es it tended to show that while the efficitals of Government were fat tening on the income cf the country, the people were forced to see k for sustenance in a foreign lend, and that, naturally, much against their nation ; and he would ask to what was thet attributable ? The only rinse or that he would venture to give was, to compare the number of emi grants in the years 1543 and 1848. In the former year there were only 26,000, but in the latter there were no less than 248,000. Again, he would call the attention of the House to the state et crime and the number of criminals in the years 1831 and 1848. In 1831 there wete only 19,601 ; in tt e lette r y ear , 20,349. Whil e h e admitted that the population had much increased he could not at the erree time adroit that there was any proportion between the increase of population and the increase of criminals. This is also a feat lire worthy the consideration of the House, and worthy of being traced to its proper source. He would next direct their att-n -tion to the official value of imports and exports, for in 1828 the official value of exports amounted to only 22.000,0001., and of imports to 36.000,0001.; whereas in 1848 the exports amounted to 132,000,000/., and the im ports to only 52,000,0001. This showed that the pro duce cf the country is fast failing, end that there is something requisite to be done by a Government that derives so great an income from the revenue accruing from such an increase of revenue; and it also affords sufficient grounds for considering why so many needle women, tailors, shoemakers, and other tradesmen are depressed and penniless, for the value of their work in 1831, 1843, and 1844 was ten times more than in 1848. When the Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) some time since stated that there were several articles that ob tained a higher price at present than in any of' those years alluded to, he should say in reply that they were not more than four in number, whereas there were nu merous others that suffered materially. He would call the attention of the House to those home articles that were so much depreciated. The articles he (Mr. Henley) alluded to on which a reduction was made in 1848-9 were—first, bread, on which 17 per cent. was lost; next groceries, on which was lost 25 per sent.; cotton, 30 per cent.; wool, 10 per cent.; beer, 20 per cent.; shoes, 7 per cent.; together with several other articles which he could enumerate but that he did not wish to trespass too much on the attention if the House. He therefore could not agree with the Noble Lord, for the appreciation of the one or two articles that he (Lord J. Russell) had previously referred to were of a recent period. His principal ob ject in making that motion was to show that there was a general cry throughout the country for more work, and as one of the trustees of the public he would never be found to flinch from his duty, particularly as it was a matter of very great importance in a commercial point of view, and should his opinion be erroneous he had only to console himself that it was net from design, but in the discharge of a sacred duty that he erred. He hoped he would not he understood to make any unfair or unjust allusion to the men at present in authority—for them personally he felt bound to say that he held the highest respect—but hoped they would consider that as the times changed so ought Governments. He knew that there were many applications from boards of guardians in various localities for the reduction of the expenses of the country, and should this question be staved off, and that any ospression should come on the people, he fish assured that Governmenment should adopt some plan similar to his for the relief and satisfaction of the public. These were his reasons for bringing the question before the notice cf the House, and he had to thank them for their kind indulgence. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said her Majesty's Government had shown that they were not at all indisposed to the ostensible object of the Hon. Gen tleman's motion; but, at the same time, they could not conceive the motive of the Hon. Gentleman for bringing it. forward at that moment. If the Government had been negligent in revising the public establishments, or if they and those who preceded them had not exercised economy in point of reduction if expense year after year, his Noble Friend and he would not be indisposed almost to acquiesce in the motion of the Hon. Gentle man; but when they felt that this was a course that had been pursued by them for a long period, and also by their predecessors in office, that large reductions had been effected, as was stated on another occasion by his Noble Friend, he could not see that the motion had any other object than to express a censure which the Go vernment felt they did not deserve, or to create confusion in the case, which the Government could not coun• tenance. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) hardly knew what the Hon. Gentleman meant by his motion. He had gone into a number of topics, altogether unconnected with the ques tion at issue ; and when he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) had come down to answer the Bon. Gentleman on the subject of salaries, he was compelled to answer also the Hon. Gentleman on the subject cf prices, though he had no notice to enable him to pre pare for so doing. The Hon. Gentleman had taken as a test the price of haberdashery, and by that test had endeavoured to prove his case. But it should be borne in mind that a great proportion of that article which wee originally prepared by hand, was now prepared let machinery, in Glasgow and other places. When, there fore, the Hon. Gentleman argued on that hypothesis, hi was utterly and entirely mistaken in his premises, en( also in his conclusions. Tho Hon. Gentleman had com plained of the distress of that large class of poor person, living by needlework, and stated that the tailors said their throats were cut by their wives and children; and he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) learned from these persons that the great cause of the depression was the low price for nicking soldiers' clothes. But ii the proposition of the Honourable Gentleman was adoptad, there would be a still further depression in that respect, and those who lived by making these articles would be much worse off than before.—(Cries of " Oh, oh.") Their distress in fact would be aggra vated rather than lessened by its adoption. The Hon. Gentleman seemed to blame his (the Chancellor of the Exchequer's) Noble Friend (Lord J. Russell) for stating that many items in the expenditure of clerks with 120/. a }'ear under the Government had not diminished of late years, but how far was the Hon. Gentleman just'. fled in so doing? It was perfectly true that the price of many articles that necessarily entered into the consump tion of a person of that salary had not only not dimi nished, but had actually increased. Potatoes, for its stance, and other matters. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) held in his hand a return of the expeedi• ture of the Marylebone Workhouse in 1849, as com pared with that of 1843, and he found by that return that the averaae cost of supporting each pauper had considerably increased, including of course food, fuel, lighting, medical attendance, &c. In 1843 the average rate for each individual in that establishment was 4s. 44d. per week; in 1849 it was sa. 0111. In 1849 the price of wheat was higher than in 1843. The other principal items of expenditure stood as follows:- 1843. 1849. Flour—. 349. 10.1. per sack Potatoes. 963. Od. per ton lo7a. 6d. Oatmeal.. lls. Od. per cwt 1 is. 44d. Therefore, in his (the Chancellor cf the Exchequer's) opinion, his Noble Friend was fully justified in stating that upon many of the items that compose the necessa ries of life there had been no reduction, while the in crease of what was called the green-grocer's bill more than compensated for any reduction that had taken place in other items of inevitable expenditure. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) stood in a very painful and unpleasant position in this matter, for he was con stantly appealed to, by the very persons who would tell him that salaries should be reduced, respecting the hard ship of individual cases of clerks in the employ of Go vernment, and those who reproached him meat :in that House for not reducing them were those who complained most strongly of these cases of hardship at his office. It was no pleasant thing to carry into effect motions such as that of the Hon. Gentleman, and the pain that he felt in doing so was not, he could assure the House, at all lessened by the imputations of cruelty which were freely indulged in on those occasions. The principle, however, upon which the Goverment proceeded,was not as laid down by the Honourable Gentleman. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) believed that a general reduction such as that Hon. Gentleman proposed would not be wise or just. IL believed, on the contrary, that-to exact a greater amount of labour for existing payments, and to reduce future ap pointments, was a mode far more conducive to the ad vantage of the public service, as well as a far wiser and more just economy. But the Government had not been negligent in the matter of reduction of salaries either—not of existing salaries, because they believed that would be unjust—but in the case of appointments made upon the relinquishment of situations—uniformly giving the successor to such situation less than his pre decessor, and imposing upon him more duties. That was true economy. To reduce salaries when greater exer tions were required of persons long in office under Go vernment, would be, in his opinion, to act cruelly towards those parties. The Government was bound to stand by them under such circumstances, and to protect them by all the means in their power. The Honourable Gentle man seemed to have omitted all reference to those higher salaries which formed the subject before the Committee app - Anted by his (the Chancellor of the Exchequer's) Noble Friend; therefore he (the Chancellor of the Ex chequer) should say nothing about it. In regard to the other salaries, he acquiesced, ns did also his Noble Friend, in the principle of the amendment of the Hon. Member for Buckinghamshire, that it was the duty of the Government, on their own responsibility, to introduce the measures that might be necessary for effecting every reduction in the national establishments, consistent with the efficient discharge of the public service; but he believed that it would nut be consistent with the efficient discharge of the public service to reduce, generally, as the Hon. Gentleman the Member for Ox ford proposed, the salaries of all public servants. He did not say that on making any new appointments it would be unjust to make them at a reduced rate of sa lary; but he did think it would be cruel to persons who had been thirty or forty years in the public service to turn round upon them and reduce them now. A great deal was said about reduction; but how would that prin ciple apply to the lowest class of clerks in the public offices? Those persona were not paid so well even as menial servants. Was the House of Commons prepared to be unmindful of the service of this excel ent and able class of public servants? With regard to a reduetien of expenses, he (the Chancellor of the Exchequ,r) would just point out what had been done in past years by the titivernment IV hich bad preceded the preient Geyern, lart e ment, and rho what had been done by the G ° ba d hel,,i; g ed. Reduction, i n fart, del , and from d a y ° co co a geing on from y e ar t o year, a loeg periotl, end a gradual revision vin for by in process. In 1835 a return was moved Hon. and Gall an t R e l a ti ve the Member gu ard IA si,oo (Lang hter)—and by that return the _0 see that whil e the offieial salaries in 15150700,00 j to 3,700,000/., ie. 1835 they amounted only t° ",they be or 1,000 000/. less in twenty years. And ' eedy increased in amount eince thee, it wits h ee k i :;: f lePi ti _; tie nal labour had been thrown upon the pow' c for reente, and because vari o us dates wer e notyl 3 ' jv ea cO 5 by the c en t ra l government which had preelenlo performed by the several local authorities of Oleo fel derling to the Treaeury, Hon. Gentlemen If yiere J or ti at this department, and those offices wii f i cb ; , te rs, o ", posed to be the favourite patronage cf the no, n ; ie t tin undergone great reduction. Excluding the ' ° o - :edtt r of clerks (supernumeraries and others), it aP,P e 53P er , whereas in 1821 the duties were diechargeo '4 4 9 thel sons, with an a ggr e g a t e sa l a ry of 42,90 1, i n dto eilei were discharged by 29 persons, with an aggregsed el' of oily 24,6801, being a reduction of 18,°°o we re 113 '; wards in 30 ye a rs. A ga i n , in 1821, there iO,OOO separate hoards of customs for the three kinga cot!: 21 Commissioners in all, who received an ggreely Cli lacy of 29,5001. In 1849 there were, however, c .T O JaI Con,miss!oners for the united empire, and thei r amounted but to 10,9001. In a few months th e ee docti°l be another Commieekner reduced: this was e l ; see of considerably more than half. Again , in 41e1: hoards of inland revenue, missioners, who were paid salaries equal t c ' e at present there were only eight, whas aer V ie amounted to 11,200/., and one of that Ora n oeti° t :ai also be shortly reduced. Altogether 7 5 5- ' O OO pointments had been reduced, with salaries aw e Goa; in 1821 there wer e 4 01 . 60,280/. a year, since 1821, by each succeeliegtodar, went since that period. Even in the last two rile"' had been a reduction in the salaries of the ~,, 1 100 quivalent to 5,0001. a year—from 1847 to I!jo not, therefore, quite fair of the Hon. Gentletasueo.ol plicate the Government as u n mi n dful of t he/ oal e # ~ , hich they profersed, and which the House 11 o ft to carry out, or in that respect at all neglee i ',. d e)Y: 4 l duty. His (the Ch ance ll or o f th e Exchecl u t - c a Friend had stated th e amoun t o f r e duction s',: s dat's by the various con so lid at i ons o f o ffices tba t : o oo, t l ) j , place. The number of p ersons re duced was `,.f 0 A the annual expense s ave d was ove r a quarter o f lion. At this moment the Paymaster of the he Era' an old public servant, Sir A. Spearman , a nd tars p bt o l tary of the Treasury, were engaged, as theY, o oo for some time past, in revising salaries. The " ps teo o l they made recommended reductions to th e a - c ar',4 65,000/. a year in the cost of the customs re v h - gi Aw:" their second, which was not et adopted, epd would no doubt b e carried into effect, reo°`7l ,- berov ir further reduction of 7,000/. per annum' ", 00,• when the Hon. Gentleman said that in c o l l ie."' stances the customs establishment was ne,_t els° . conformity with the reduction that had taa e P6'o4 the customs duties on various articles, it we° b lislo should know that certain portions of this es te e doitt i were obliged to be kept up for the accotenr co ot' the import and export of goods to and from th' 3 l ,ol He was sorry to trouble the House with it s !, done in various departments, but as the J°. °- : uc tio o o: ps man appeared to have lost sight of the red had occurred, he would briefly enumerate st' e l t ee In the Pay-office the offices of paymaster of to c' service and the exchequer-bill audit bad hen, oeT it dated under one head, and the saving in a l 7f - affe: alone was 16,000/. yearly. The Honouran",.s4 had ref reed to the expenses of collection, and t " - fie of those employed, in relation to the revenue' 5 04", 4 already stated th a t th e di m i nut i on o f revenu e taeo g e ,' of collection were not alw a y s i n proportion , to Om in particular cases, it was found necessary erect up establishments for the protection of the crrettir It did not, therefore, follow that a reductio n e 'ee - J 7; enabled Government alway s t o re d uce the clis c ai c atord ketion. Government, however, had made oar 0 00 0 reductions during the last tw o y ears , from t ": 9 January, 1848, to the sth of January, 185 2' Isvor ee proved by a comparison w ith th e l as t of to e - vious years:— - , 0 5 ,0 I'P In the year 1847, the charg e f or co ll e cting a o , " was ... ..„ „ x 5 19 ", 1 In 1849 it was ... 515 j 3 rhe charge for the excise was, in 1847 6 7 11 4. 0 In 1849 it was ... 513 " a :' For the stamps, in 1847, it was 2 1 a l 01 In 1849 it was ... ... 2 0 g 'k For taxes, in 1847, it was 3 6 „v , In 1849 it was ... ••• 3 5 v t ef There was no very material variation in the e ltsO c a v r feeling the stamps and t axes , b u t i n the other - loris of revenue the reduction had been considerable. &Ito :atcise, however, it amounted to about 14s. P a er 00S; the course of the last two years, and Hon• t 'ebo know how to calculate this reduction r„cet would know that it would in the aggregate a re ,, ° ,ssO le a very large sum indeed. These reductions, as P- ,,eos ii 4 before, had also been effected in the face of 9" - to tkr able increase of business; for it was well knoWeinOS, who paid attention to the subject that a g ve ,, a t t ee o6 ,;l4 Ind pressure of business had occurred in n ,",; e slc r i d , eartments. From the highest cfficial to the l e " - f rotwaa a great amount of additional work had to be g e : Iher, again, it was difficult to say what t " e t s'e a rd, amount of salary ought to be; but looking t c ;be Llo paideisa . by other great establishments in ibot .ft ra an estimate might be made to show w i je a - call j r w salaries paid by Government were too higna,,:to r; e a with the salaries received by perscns in P ri. pis! olishments. If a scale of private salaries were 61 :0 4 ! the House would then see whether those e e meats were carried on at a less expense that!, b' b 06 , eernment establishments. He believed it waad'd -e l i ,rt chat quite the contrary was the tact. He fa n , - Jrd l t rose of the salaries of all descriptions paid hY "el be olt of England amounted to 211,0001. a -- year. - a l e ." - a : whole of the salaries and wages paid for fit, penses of th e T reasury , th e H ome-off i ce, the -00°0°00. office, the Colonial-office, the Privy . 0 3 Ailey, Office of the Board of Trade, - . 2 sstv„ e it Education Department, amounted together t°,, - ly All the great offices of the country e- eatl t iir in wages and salaries 20,000/. per annum zn er z , e fi t fter, r oo -bin paid by the Bank of England. No 01:1°- 00 0 ,„" 0 could say that the expense of those public dt'P f - ?V o l 4as greater by comparison than the e xpense ; g rail 3 ;ol establishments. The highest salaries in G e ; re "01 offices varied from 2 000/. to 2,500/, and there A s h's' 0 more than six or eight at that ' scale,- -- e l „ e ' a ti tio i llt. i h o e urs e e a , rn of ing s s olic o i f tor o s t , h w er ho p w ro e f r e e ssi p o aid a s re of tb r e i t a g ;Re: Take the East India Company, an establisl ne % St; more nearly than any other approached ;6.:( 9 .;) racier of a Government establishment. Th e , etabf of the India Company had a salary of' 2,4opeocerf., house; this was higher than the highest Pal u A A 4 (3 ;1 1 the Government. Several officers had 0u :fnloll several others 1,500/., and others had 1,000 1 .,P 1 ; r ;" 1 , 0 of which, in proportion to the duties, w ere 1)4 7: 1, 11 01 the rate paid in the Government establishm e T r ail l ; secretaries of many of the dock companies an e9;:e companies had very large salaries, some t e " - a c tho l 'a, 2,000/. a year. The secretary of the S t. Dock Company had 2,000/. a year and a houses 01,4 a" and several railroad secretar i es b a d sa lar ho lP. nigh. Since he had been in the House a pap er placed in his hand, showing the expenses of a i e nie, s 4 l don establishment—that of a brewer. In 184 6 A t ibeli g el penses for salaries and wages were 9.605/., 913- oo r great reductions in the price of necessaries ha d ;, d °° o —there were the same number of persons ettle, l 49 r b . e t as at the above period—and their expense in j p - t tteje . 10,049/, showing an actual increase for the 53 , 131 , - 401 1 of persons, notwithstanding the cheapness 01. -- atliP' o 9l. titles of necessity, of 1,344/. per annum. Tw° s e re ;'lO persons had been taken on, whose salaries W . more than the sum he had named. This was th e i o es bi'', ll o ; be gathered from a reference to a private, e Laete ; ',ol ment, the proprietors of which had every in" - n orr,,cl to get their work well done on the most er e a g terms. In the instance he had quoted it bad b r e c e- re:' necessary not to make reductions, but to il l e e ",:e?",: i re pay of those to whom the practica portion Jae,: o r ness was entrusted. He would now read to ttoP the consequences which had followe anattemPa s al t g il s that which the Hon. Member sought to enf ere 'at , House, or rather to force upon the Goveror ne- t he 6 ' would read a short ex t rac t f rom the repo rt „ f • 11 e 0 Of , 4 rectors of the Great W es t ern R a il way Colvin 0 01 0 trative of the conseq uences th at h a d followe d -t aloLo attempt to reduce the sal ar i es o f th e i r servan ts o b e, point that was consider e d f a i r an d j ust. The i'-hat tleman opposite cheered, but he was not awar e aP e- eti way companies were mor e un lik e l y t o redone 6s 1-0. turo than other parties ; on the contrary, b e Were 0 9 much inclined to think that railway compani es , 0 no - rl tuated by as lively a sense of their own int e r e r : e r a Is Hon. Gentleman himself could possibly be. -al; toi c ier was dated April, 1850; it stated—" It is to " o e• regret the board feels bound by their duty to proprietors to represent that the sh e , n se Wei rienco of a few months has realised t," 6 -- o t ,„ e r to prehensions. Since the reduction was n e , t e ' - n e ett P- „00 whole establishment has become unsettled; ',,,`".,"ye b oo s and principal clerks, with few exceptions, 'have seeking other employment; some valuable ser v i ce , if quitted, and others are about to leave the se rv la o P has the effect of the reduction been confined el e th e ' p r to those whose salaries were reduced; for sev e h r : pr e° ,lo' in despair of improving their position in t- r atif e - 9 4 service, have also resigned, to obtain more In e ' f - bes o f ployment elsewhere. The directors ha ve , cued' practical proof that serious ,prejudice to tu e c ost -of has arisen, and they apprehend that still Wa re t ooS n e t it sue, unless steps be now taken to give some I SO r Eie e, an established scale of salary and pay upon_ Berv t iaii officers and servants can rely. If length ` ‘ , 5 0 13 ,7 4 0 with great experience and proved ability, ae 9,0- 0 in managing affairs towards the prosperity a u 0019,0 of any important undertaking, success is n et V / 0 • be attained by the eiscouragement Of, t e n v` as' whom so much depends, nor can a re Ut t:cjari, lanes Le expected to counteract Pee"" ) - ides pression in times tel difficulty."—(Hear , h ee e r e 'lwai lieved the statement of the directors of the gen - b o perfectly true, and he was further satisfied if if e y ," - '"afet e tb ol measure of reduction, such as that of the 0.1°.- o . o se, " e lf opposite, was likely t o b e a d o pt e d by that 1;11A n ot y e p great discouragement to public servants be tl r take place, but that valuable servants would a irrer ta " away from their situations, and thus great 313 , G ryie e ' r e, able injury would b e i n fli cte d on the public ter lea a t (Hear.) He only wished to refer to o no va st t he e r g. because lion. Gentlemen sometimes talked ol iste yea o increase of salaries w hi c h b a d taken place of ha d h e o . as compared with times gone by. An Ac e t a tarY ° fin brought in which was in the nature of a ' he Ae",,ic3 pensation Act. This was in 1780 ; and question would affbrd means of contrasting tov'tliuceetaceo`o then with those which person's holding s imilar had` c op now enjoying. This, too, was before the e m e e t l o aou,4, produced on the currency referred to by tb .oae o f 11.4 Gentleman, and before the Bank restrict! uovot who PaYnAeuto were wade i>w aePrecile""