The Sun. — London, England, 1851-03-21 00:00:00

~~ IVIR. YLD'S GREAT GLOBE. (From the Atheneum.) As the importance of a knowledge of natural phe nomena becomes more and more strongly impressed on the public mind, new facilities for acquiring that knowledge are opening up around us. Education 20 years since was a much heavier matter than it is now-a-days. Boy 3 were taught by laborious pro eeases the signs by which ideas are expressed—but they were allowed to pick up ideas as they could. Under this system a few—favoured by circumstances or by peculiar mental organization—pushed them selves onward and learned to read the volume of na- Vire; but to by far the largest number it was indeed AC a book sealed - a fountain shut up." A gradual change has taken place, and it has become to be felt that the progress of the human race depends on a bet ter knowledge of the natural facts which are around us. It is now understood that there is ao perfect ministration to the requirements of advancing civilization without the aids of natural phi losophy—using the term in its true, world-embracing sense. Science, long neglected, is taking its impor tant place in the scheme of general education ; and all the appliances of popular institutions are brought to bear in diffusing a knowledge of those phenomena by which the beautiful results of creation are obtained, as far as these have been developed by inductive experiment and careful observation. Geography and the use of the globes, however, is a branch of knowledge which has long been admitted as an ornamental addition to a respectable education ; and it was not thought a good sign to be ignorant of the place on the map on which China should be looked for or Kamachatka found. Small, however, was the real knowledge imparted even in this branch of science. It is not easy to instruct a child to read a map or comprehend the flat sur face of a globe ; and a very cursory examination, even among people of liberal education, will convincingly prove that ordinary geography is very imperfectly understood, and that a wide ignorance of physical geography prevails. Regarding Mr. Wyld's model of the earth as a great step towards a general remedy, we think it worth while, after an inspection of its materials and of the processes in operation, to put our readers in possession of its characters and its objects. In looking on an ordinary globe a limited portion of the earth's surface only comes under survey at once. It has therefore occurred to Mr. Wyld to figure the earth's surface on the inside, instead of the ouside, of a sphere—to give, in fact, an inverted globe enabling the observer to embrace at one view the physical features of the world which he inhabits. That surface which will be looked on as the inside coating of the sphere, is an:ually that which exists on the exterior crust of the great globe itself. This very allowable depar ture from the truth, without misleading any one, ad mits of our obtaining a knowledge of the distribution of land and water over the whole planet, which could not be in any other way secured. The great feature, in fact, of this globe as a medium and summary teach ing is, that it presents (what nothing on a less scale could do) the means of presenting the various great physical phenomena at once and in their relations— which in all other educational documents have to be studied separately and in detail. The sphere on which the earth is modelled—and which is now in process of erection, as our readers know, in the centre of Leicester-square—is 65 feet in diameter. Visitors will pass into the interior of this huge ball ; and by means of a winding staircase or gallery will proceed round it, viewing every part of the model at a distance of four feet from the eye ;—and these arrangements are so contrived that they will not interfere with the general view of the entire surface. The scale is ten miles to one inch horizontal, and one mile to an inch vertical. This enables the constructor to exhibit all the details of hill and valley, lake and river, with facility, and to produce an effective representation of the earth — which could not be done if the scales for height and for distance were alike. In looking at this vast model, the observer is at once struck with the distribution of land and water. He sees the great oceans occupying nearly 150,000,000 square miles, while the old and new continents and all the islands are estimated at but 60,000,000 square miles. The immense expanse of waters in the southern hemisphere is brought out in strong contrast with the wide-spread lands of the northern ; and the great chains of mountains which are remarkable fea tures of the earth's surface are shown to be ranged in a circle around the ocean and the Indian sea. Tae water-shed, or river courses of every country h :aid down, and the great areas drained are exhibited. This is, of course, connected with the elevations and depreesions of the land—all which are displayed in re lative truthfulness, and with remarkable exactitude. By no other means than this, we repeat, could we at one view obtain a correct and lively knowledge on these points. A model in relief speaks to the eye in a way which it is impossible for any map or globe with a flat surface to du. Beyond the points of Physical Geography which we have mentioned as being necessarily involved in this idea, there are others of no less importance and interest to be embraced. The limits of perpetual snow will be shown. Mont Blanc, "the monarch of mountains," with his diadem of snow—the hoary peek; of the Andean and the Himalayan range—with the lower hills, which as they approach the Pole pre sent their constantly snow-bearing tops—will alike be faithfully represented. The great Forest ranges will be indicated—and the Deserts, with their wastes of sand, exhibited. Many of the geological aspects of the globe will be displayed ; not merely in the form of the surface but in the colours of the rocks. In fact, as perfect a picture of the surface of our earth as is possible will be presented at one view in this gigantic model. This will be no mere holiday show. Men may take their chil dren to it to insruct them on the subject of that world on which they live; and the women of our day m ay here, if they choose, learn something more than they know of that surface of which Mrs. Somer ville, in her " Physical Geography," has written so well. Had that lady, however, possessed the advan tages of a model like this, she would have avoided some errors which are the natural consequence of not being able to embrace at one view "the great globe itself." Numerous additions will occur to the students of natural philosophy by which Mr. Wyld's globe might be made still more instructive. The naturalist will insist on the importance of showing the geographical distribution of plants and animals; and the geologist will contend that it would be easy to express in colour many of the great facts of his science, and to tell the tale cf those vast mutations with which he deals. We believe these may eventually be shown without in any way interfering with the general plan ; and we would advise Mr. Wyld to bear these and other additions in wind. It is not improbable thl.t he contemplates the: o r some of them, as future chapters in this great geographical work. But in any case there are certain grand physical fecte which we desire to ree expressed in the first instance. We venture to suggest them as important, and we believe them to be compatible with the main features of the design. We would wish to see the great oce anic currents laid down. Most interesting would it be to show how the waters of the ocean warmed in the gulph of tropical Mexico, flow in obe dience to a physical law towards our own shores— and even pass to the north of our islands—giving a temperate climate and fertility to a northern region of Norway which the southern districts do not pos sess. As a few dots on the blue of ocean would in dicate all this, we see no reason why this information should not be afforded. The greatest southern limit in the northern hemisphere of the icebergs might be very instructively shown. The glacier system will of -eurse find a place. In addition to this, a few crimson silk cords car , , ‘.ll round the model would express isothernal lines sir r lines of equal temperature—round the globe ; and the few blue ones would tell the story of the earth's magnetism, without in any way interfering with the geography of the model. At least, ere hope Mr. Wyld will mark the two north and the two south magnetic poles .—which we may now regard as being fairly determined. The movement of these magnetic poles might be described in any trea tilt' 't or catalogue which may be sold at the doors of the Ellaibition. There are some other points of inte rest which we should desire to see embraced, and which Prehabl be so hereafter. We have alry a w' d intimated that we regard this mo del as the co narn e ei b ei . nent of a new era in geographi cal instruction. great globe is made up of some thousands of casting s in plaster from the original mo dels in clay. The first plaster from it any num her of correct m odels cast, which is of course ire _ revers e, will be retai e may be h a d. Nothing could be more instructiv e than such sections of the earth. e Those raised map s, tellin g the tale by elevation, would impart an am ount of information in and sdaools which could not be given of method. In a few wee ks the des ert of, any other Leicester square, will, in fact, be co nverted in to a great geo graphical school. LOVE, MURDER, AND SUICIDE. A most extraordinary circumstance ri occurred l re cently at the theatre at Oran, in g the performance of the second act of th:r Vie de Cafe the report o f fir ea rms w as heard in a box on the highest tiers, and at the same moment fright ful shrieks ivvre uttered' by a young woman who was seen to fall to the ground. The audience shouted "Murder, murder," and frightful confusion arose. Some persons hastened to the box, but they found the door fas tened, and while they warn attempting to break it open a man, wearing the uniform of an officer of the Chasseurs d'Afrique, put his leg over the front of the box as if to throw himself into the pit. He would have succeeded in the design if a soldier of the llth Regi nnent bad not. at the risk of hi s lif e, c l am b ere d ; from the gallery and AriZC.l bin,. The officer struggled violently - and succeeded in getting the greater part of bin Priwl over the box, in doing THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY government, and the encouragement of such rank impostures as the so-called miracle of Rimini, rival ling the superstition of the darkest ages. He now came to the remedy. Where were they to look for the power which should be able to grapple with the evil ? Unfortunately, as proved by the fruitless issue of the Council of Trent, called expressly for the pur pose of reforming the Church, they must acknow ledge that the Court of Rome was the greatest ob stacle to its own reformation. They were determined to adhere to all their old abuses, and, as experience had shown, to foster new ones. From the people alone could the power of effecting such a reform originate. They must join in one universal demand that these abuses should be cleared away, and that the Church should be restored to its pristine purity and simpli city. For this object every people should unite as brothers, in order to obtain such a reform of the Church as should restore to it its original character, as the type of the universal religion which Christianity was intended to be. The reverend father concluded with a fervent prayer that all religious differences might be healed, and that every sect might unite in one common creed, as they acknowledged one common Head and Founder. MR. JOHN O'CONNELL AND THE REPRE SENTATION OF LIMERICK. • Mr. John O'Connell has addressed the following letter to the electors of Limerick : " London, March 10, 1851. " Fellow Countrymee—l have this moment re ceived, through your respected mayor, a resolution of your corporation calling on ms to resign my seat. " I have also received by the same post a copy of the Limerick Reporter and Tipperary Vindicator, in which I find the majority who carried the resolution analysed as consisting of eight Conservatives and ten Young Irelanders, two of the latter being profession ally engaged for Mr. Russell, the gentleman who has so long and so frequently intimated his intention of seeking your suffrages in the event of my retirement, or of a general election. " I remember that in 1847 the Conservatives and the Young Irelanders made a similar alliance to en deavour to defeat your choice of a representative, and that their united efforts ended in registering no more than 37 votes against 400, which you recorded for me—a number which you could have increased had there been any necessity. "NS hat is your will now ? You have only to speak it, and it shall be obeyed. Does this second alliance of Conservatives and Young Irelanders, with the additional element of professional men who are to get employment in case of a new election—does it represent your wishes ? If so, its call on me shall, as I have said, be obeyed; but I owe it to you to ask the assurance from your own lips. " You know me to be a long time anxious to re tire. I hold my seat now, and have held it for the last sixteen months, merely in obedience to you and to convenience you ; and when you declare yourselves ready to accept it, and to go to a new election, I will instantly resign, and give you the opportunity. " I respectfully beg to point your attention to my explanatory letter to the corporation, and to the general letter I have addressed to the Repealers of Ireland. They both appear in the Limerick Reporter and Tipperary Vindicator that I received this morning, and they contain the fullest, the latest, and the most decided statement of my opinions, convictions, and intentions. "I conclude by saying, that although I did not originally seek your representation, you having, i❑ fact, compelled me to take it and to give up my kind friends in Kilkenny; and although I have been so long asking of yon to allow me to retire from Par liament, yet I have ever duly and fully appreciated the high honour and great kindness you have done me ; and whether you now decide on going to a new election or not, you shall ever command my warmest and most fervent gratitude. _ _ " Re;peetfally and devotedly yours, " JOHN O'CONNELL." AMERICAN JOURNALISM We published a short time ago a speech of Mr. Cobden, in which he highly eulogized the press of the United States, comparing it with that of England, much to our disadvantage. We extract the following character given of the New York Courier by the New York Day Book, as a specimen of the literary amenities of our Transatlantic contemporaries, whose example Mr. Cobden recommends us to follow : (From the Day Book of F0b,.1 5.) The larger the animal the more ridiculous are its flounderings and kickings in its last struggles —pro viding that animal, from its stealthy character and pesti lential influence, and long depredations on the coal munity, has made itself loathed and despised. Such is the case with the courier and Enquirer of this city at the present time. Impudence, treachery, and the worst kind of duplicity often, from various and mul tiplied causes, will succeed and be suffered for a long time to exist in the community, especially in a city like this, for the reason that time is too precious and the business of each individual too important to enable any one to take upon himself the duty which more properly belongs to the whole. The Day Book, faithful to its promise as an independent journal, has taken upon itself to send one of its arrows to the vitals of the Courier, and hold up the blanket-sheet towards the sun, where its patchwork, threadbare and rotten condition can be seen in its true light. At one time possessed of the talents of MM. Noah and of James Gordon Bennett, it obtained a notoriety which, as soon as they left it (as we believe in disgust and abhorrence), was made the means by which the ac complished blackguard who now controls it commenced his depredations on the community. And since that time no press, in this country at least, has exhibited such unblushing prostitution and profligacy. And not satisfied with his 52,000 dolls. black mail depredations, or the turning of widows and children houseless and homeless upon the world, he adds another arid another to his victims, by means which his own cowardice would not allow himself openly to employ— " murder most foul" and fiendish; an unblushing bully too cowardly to do the deed himself, though ever after gloating over his victims—over the dead, and the living, too, not less helpless in their feminine innocence and juvenile dependence. Success in crime for a series of years deadens the per petrator to all shame, save the shame and inconvenience attending personal duress and hard labour. This is precisely the case with James Watson Webb, the pro claimed editor of the Courier. Vain of his successful frauds and duplicity, for ever vacillating and treacherous to men, parties, and principles, he goes on in his un blushing shame, while our bankrupt courts show his dis graceful profligacy, and oar criminal records chronicle him as a sentenced felon. And now to prove him alive to the pains of physical dnrel,s, his coalition with William H. Seward is all suffi cient. We know of no other person, principle, or party, during his long career, however deep and sacred his obli gations, which he has not abandoned in a much shorter time than this coalition has existed. But Seward is too smart, and continually reminds him that but for his cle mency he would have gone to the State Prison; and that the mere hap that ho had the pardoning powor saved him from hard labour, and, perhaps, from the occasional lash—just the only kind of punishment of which the bully convict stands in fear. We give Webb the credit—for once he is true to his friend, and we give him a long mark! The refined and accomplished demagogue bids him mount the black hobby of abolitionism and spread his blanket-sheet over all the " seven beads and ten horns" of the black monster. He does; and now, shot at in every by-path and corner, the whole concern is reeling in its sickness and asking to be propped up while it is grasping at every hold to prevent its final fall. Let it be transfixed to that wall where the Day Book has driven it. How THE ARABS TAKE THE HYJENA.--The Paris Constitutionnel gives the following account of the manner in which the Arabs ,hunt the hyaena, and of the intrepedity they display in that dangerous sport, as related in a letter:—" A few days since, the com mandant of a battalion of Turcos (native soldiers) was informed that a female hyrna had been seen in the neighbourhood of Mostaganem, near Mazagran, and that she had taken refuge in a cave about one hundred yards in depth. Orders were immedi ately given to carefully guard the entrance to the cave. Two Turcos, provided with a simple cord and a small chain, went into the cave without weapons, and merely carrying a candle, and, in about halt an hour, to the great astonishment of the spectators, an enor mous hyena appeared muzzled, and allowing itself to be led along with the docility of a sheep. According to the account given by the Arabs, the animal, dazzled by the light of the candle, allows itself to be handled and caressed like a young dog, and during this time the hunter takes care to muzzle it, and thus prevent the possibility of its doing any mischief. Two soldiers were, however, two days since seriously wounded by ono of these animals, which suddenly re sumed its ferocity, and, after biting through the muzzle, took to flight, after knocking down its two assailants. It is impossible for anything to equal the courage and temerity shown by the natives in these sports." A new form of Post-office money-order :and advice will be brought into use in all the money-order offices in April next in the country. The new orders and advices will be of a different shape from the ones in present use, and the printing on which will be red. The order before issued will be at tached to the advice, and will bear the same printed number. When issued the former will be torn from the latter and given to the remitter, and the latter will be filled in and sent on to the postmaster who will have to pay the order. Tne great advantages of this plan will be that before an order can be paid, a postmaster must have the identical advice which was joined to it before it was . issued, because the counterparts and printed numbers of both advice and order must agree. As, therefore, the issuing postmaster will not be able to use an advice in discriminately for nay order; and as at the end of the day he will have the precise number of separate advices as of orders he has issued, he cannot possibly forget to write an advice for every order he grants, and as th e same numbers are printed on the order and advice they must always correspond. Postmasters forgetting to write advices, and the number of orders and advices not eerresponeling have hitherto been two very fruitful sources of error, and of consequent inconvenience to the public. which part of his clothes were torn from his back ; at last the soldier only held him by the foot, and by a violent effort the unfortunate man broke from his grasp and fell heavily into the orchestra. The audience shrieked with dismay, and some persons hastened to remove the man to the stage. He had still a pistol in his hand, and cried, " For the love of God—for pity's sake do not take that pistol from me. I belong to an honourable family, and let me save it from dishonour." As he was not much injured he was ordered to the police office ; but after proceeding some distance he broke away from the gendarmes and got clear off. He attempted more than once to drown himself, but not succeeding went to the lodgings of a brother officer at Oran, wrote a long letter to his family, and then discharged a pistol in his heart. The young woman whom he attempted to kill was only slightly wounded by the ball of the pistol, but was a good deal injured by his having beaten her after she fell with the pummel of his sword. Neverthe less, her state excited no serious disquietude. She is an actress, had lately belohged to the theatre of Mas taganem, and had been mistress of the officer, but had excited his furious jealousy by abandoning him for another. On the evening in question she had gone to the theatre with a female servant and a little child. The officer had gone up to her box, and sent away the servant and the child, and after reproaching her for her conduct endeavoured to murder her in the manner described. GENERAL BEM. How far Bern was capable of handling a great army, and conducting extensive and combined manoeuvres, was a question on which he himself was by no means confident. On some one saying how desirable it would be that the Government would entrust him with the chief command of the Hungarian army, he observed—" No ! no ! A great army and skilful manoeuvring, that's Dem binski's affair. Give me 10,000 men who will never turn back, and plenty of guns—that is what I like." We may add that Bern always spoke of Dembinski with the greatest admiration, and gladly acknow ledged his superior qualities as a general. We are sorry to see that some Hungarians, influenced perhaps, in part, by jealousy of foreigners, but pro bably more by that vulgar prejudice which recog nises merit only in succees, have been led to speak of this gallant soldier and noble-minded man in terms injurious to him, and anything but honourable to themselves. In private Bern was retired in his manner and habits, silent in company, and re served in his communications, even to those nearest to him. To one of his staff, who inquired what was to be done the next day, Bern answered—" Can you keep a secret ?" " Yes." " Ah, so can I." The cleverest spy could never make out any of his move ments. Every morning the troops were paraded in marching order, and orders were then first given out. Sometimes they were to march straight to the field of battle; at others sent back to their quar ters, without any one being able to guess, before hand, what would happen. Bern would overlook many faults in favour of a fighting man, but he never par doned an officer who retreated, unless he contested every inch of the way. No one near him dared speak of possibility of retreating. His own courage seemed to consist in an absolute unconsciousness of danger; and he was often vexed and disappointed to find that all men had not the same feeling. To prisoners Bern was humane in the highest degree. Every Austrian officer was generously treated who fell into his hands. Bern, although shy and reserved, was the most gallant of men in his deference to females. Lady Horatio Weston, the wife of an Eng lishman in the Austrian service, had been placed by her husband, for safety, in the fortress of Karlsburgh, and on the retreat of the Austrians from Kronstadt, of course he had followed the army, while she was left behind. At Captain Weston 's request, Mr. Col quhoun, our Consul General at Bucharest, sent his ser vant with a letter to request Bern to allow him to enter Karlsburgh and bring Lady Horatio away. Bern not only complied, but sent up his own car riage, paid her every attention in his power, and appointed an officer of hussars, Baron losika, to escort her to the frontier. To the widow of the Aus trian Major, St. Quentin, who was in Klausenburg. Bem not only gave passports to enable her to leave the country, but requested her to make use of his purse to any extent she might require. To the widow of Count Mikes his letter of condolence was a most beautiful and touching proof of his kindness of heart, and delicacy of feeling.— British Quarterly Review. FATHER GAVAZZI'S LECTURE. On Wednesday Father Gavazzi continued his course of lectures on the abuses of the Church of Rome, at Willis's Rooms. The Reverend Father commenced by referring to he renewed accusations which had been cast upon him in the British House of Commons by Mr. Moore, that he was an apostate whose charges against the Church which he had abandoned ema nated only from rancour and disappointed ambition, and were unworthy of credit. Those who make such an accusation against him could not understand the true force of the word " apostate," and that they could only have charged him with apoetacy through malice or ignorance, for he denied that he had ever abandoned the principles of Catholicity, or transferred his name or his faith to any Church dissenting from the Church of Rome. Neither had he ever connected himself with any sect or party, political or religious ; but where he had been mixed up in political movements, it was solely from a sincere love of his country, to free her from the oppres sion under which she groaned. It had been said that he was a Mazzinian. It was true that he had known Mezzini in Rome, he respected him as an individual, and he believed him to be an honest man, and a sincere patriot; but if the name of Mazzini signified a party, and not a principle, then he renounced all connexion with him. He was an Italian, not a Mazzinian, and he refused to labour for the re generation of his country for the sake of any sect or party, but merely for the love of principle, and the love of liberty.—(Applause.) He belonged neither to the Carbonari nor to Young Italy, but to his country alone. He believed the regeneration of Italy was possible, and not a chimera—he believed the people of Italy were entitled to the blessings of liberty and the possession of a free Govern ment ; but what he wished to see was a Govern- ment firm, tranquil, and well ordered, ba,ed on religion and order, not on incredulity and anarchy. He trusted that, before he had concluded, he should convince Mr. Moore, and the English Parliament and people, that he was neither an apostate nor a sectary, but that his sole desire was to make known the abuses by which the Church to which he belonged was cor rupted, in order that they might be removed. Fana ticism or bigotry alone could deny the existence of those abuses, and his object was to show what were their nature and effects, and the mode in wLii.,h they might be remedied without in juring the true fabric of the Church. It was far from his intention to touch the sacred principles of the Church, or those institutions which were coeval with its foundation by the Divine Head of Christianity. He dealt only with its abuses, which were the work of men, and had grown up in the progress of time thicker and thicker around it, until they utterly buried and concealed the great basis of truth on which it rested. He did not attack the Church, but the abuses of the Church, and it was for this that he had been stigmatised as blas phemous and apostate by those who owed wealth and rack, and splendour to those abuses, and would perpetuate them by any and every means. (Applause.) In the early days of the Christian Church, when she was exposed to persecution in every shape, and had to be administered in secrecy and silence, abuses were unknown ; but no sooner was the protection of the State cast around her, and her bishops and priests permitted to wear their authority in open day, than abuses crept in on every side. The fathers and doctors of the early Church, and the canons of the councils down to the Council of Trent, and since then the universal voice of public opinion, all pointed to the existence of abuse of the most marked and dangerous cha racter. The dogmas of the Church, its hierarchy and its liturgy, were all tainted with the evil, which every succeeding age strengthened and confirmed. Most, if not all of them, were owing to the blending of the spiritual nature of the Christian Church with the temporal quality of earthly sove reignty. The luxury and ostentation, the pomp and show of the Court of Rome, had influenced the Church of Rome until, in fact, they became one, the spiritual being rendered grosser, and the temporal more odious by the connexion. What had been the effect of their corruption of the Church from its primitive purity and simplicity ? In the first place, it had rendered material and superstitious the pure and ethereal religion of Christ, which, being heavenly and spiritual, was made to be the universal religion of the world, binding all men in one general tie of brotherhood. The result is that dissent and schism are created, man is set against man, and people against people, and all the nations of the earth are presented in uniting in one fraternal embrace that the cardinals and princes of the Court of Rome may live in toilless splendour, and Jesuits rule the whole body of the Catholic Church to gratify their ambitious longings for power. What had characteriseof Itoee ca used the nothing northern schism, when Ger many a n d Englandsevered themselves from the see thing but the infamous abuses which the traf to i m ng ish in Church of th a e nd sixteenth century—th e dispen sations, the sh ameless ofththee v - ic e.s of the very head and ruler cl u e n r ivers l a l, lprofiigacy , which per vade every class div h ide tgrevent b ed even f the chance of a reunion of thogsYe. Wh me t m h members of n the one common Church of Christ ? e ri a c m e e u zb d ut a e n e .ih a i s tio a u t p y r , e su e t existence the grasping the nar gofratshpoi-zue; e a l v t a % row-wiadeiduess and bigotry of the Papal system of EVENING, MARCH 21, 1851. in the Gazette to reduce the price of passports to 7s. 6d. He must express his thanks to the Noble Lord oven fur this concession, but he still felt justified in calling upon the House to consider whether the system, even thus improved, was not attended with great anomalies. A person who was travelling from London to Madrid, if he did not choose to pay the fee at the Foreign-office, could get a passport from the French Ambssador to Paris free of any charge, and on arriving there, if he applied to Lord Normanby he would be able to get from him free of charge a passport to Madrid. He thought it would be much better to equalize the charge, to make it half-a-crown here, and impose the same charge on the passports obtained from English ambassa dors abroad, which would do away with the system of Englishmen obtaining passports from foreign ministers. He would also recommend the establishment of some central passport-office under the superintendence of the Foreign Secretary. There was no disputing that it was a happiness for this country that the passport sys tem was not in force in it, and it would be well if foreign countries would follow her example, especially since Don Carlos had proved the inutility of it, by travelling through the whole of France without a passport, and reaching the Basque provinces without once being stopped.—(Hear, hear.) The present system of granting passports was in point of principle entirely indefensible, and he considered that the inconvenience might be altogether avoided by re ducing the expense of all passports at the Foreign office to a small uniform rate, say 2s. or 2s. 6d. each. Every one who had read the newspapers within the last twelve months must be acquainted with the evils and annoyances which persons travelling abroad were subject to, and how British interests consequently suffered by the delay in obtaining passports. He would suggest whether it might not be possible to send blank passports to responsible local authorities abroad, who would have the power to supply them to all proper parties, and thus avoid the trouble and expense consequent on the present system. It remained for him only to inquire on what ground this report was adopted. They had in effect neutralised all the objects fur which the inquiry was instituted, and it therefore remained to be considered what was the best plan no. , to pursue. There was now no necessity for the discussion of the facts, for they had them all before them, and he was very unwilling to take up the time of the House on a ques tion like this, and he had consequently adopted a motion for an address to her Majesty praying for some regulation of the letters issued by the Secretary of State to persons going abroad. That was the most consistent course that could be taken, for it was usele*s to recal the several measures which had been considered for re medying the evil, and he should consequently confine himself to the terms of his motion, that an address be presented to her Majesty praying for an inquiry into the mode of granting passports. A message having been brought from the House of Lords, Lord PALMERSTON proceeded to say that he was quite sure that no one could quarrel with the manner in which the Noble Lord had brought the subject before the House. The Noble Lord bad last session, very usefully has he (Lord Palmerston) thought, introduced this evil of granting passports to public notice. He had then very properly observed that the expedition of Don Carlos through France, when about to contend for the Spanish Crown, was a sufficient evidence of the inutility of pass ports in securing a country from political intrigue, but he himself might add another instance. It was that of the Duchess De Berri, whose passports were quite en regle, and must have been obtained without any in quiry. His attention bad been drawn to this subject, but circumstances had occurred during the last autumn to prevent his carrying out his de signs with a view to overturn the system. The establishments of Austria and Prussia had interposed peculiar obstacles, but he nevertheless bad a great anti cipation of so modifying the plan of passports as to do away at some subsequent period with the most grievous of the inconveniences which they occasioned, and he might say that no less anxiety was felt by the Secretary for the Home Department to accomplish the same object. The Noble Lord who was his predecessor in the Foreign-office, had stated that he had only granted one passport to a foreigner, bat that was one more than he had granted, for he had never granted one. The only occa sion on which any number of passports had been granted through the Foreign-office was through Mr. Free born, the consul at Rome, who had given 500 to the fugitives who had departed when the French took possession of the city, and which were granted in order that they might depart peaceably and without any danger to the public tranquillity. The Noble Lord was mistaken in supposing that there was such vir tue in a British passport. It was only a bona fide evidence that they were held by a British subject, and very often, as in France, they wore exchanged f.'r foreign passports. No matter, however, what passport a Bri tish subject held, ho was entitled to the protection of our consul in all cases of danger or difficulty; and again repeating that the present was only an experiment. It would not be expedient to accede to this motion, be cause it was wholly uncalled for. A Committee appointed to investigate this trifling subject would be almost as useless as having the power of four or five horses to slice cucumbers.—(A laugh.) And he must decidedly object to that proposal of the Noble Lord too.—(Hear.) Mr. BRIGHT suggested that an exception ought to be made in favour of naturalised foreigners who had settled and intended to remai❑ in this country.—(Hear, hear.) The other day he applied to the Noble Lord for a passport in favour of a Greek gentle mar, who had settled in Manchester for life, but it was refused, and he should therefore be glad to see a change made in the existing system, so as to con ' for upon such persons all the privileges enjoyed by British subjects. Mr. M. MILNES thought the power of granting passports to foreiguers ought always to be carefully ex ercised. Austria and Prussia had been striving to force their passport system upon this country, and he was not at all sorry that the attempt had been properly re sisted. Mr. URQUIIART hoped the Noble Lord at the head of the Foreign Department woakl be slow to adopt the suggestion of the Hon. Member for Manchester. Alter a few words of reply from Lord MA.HON, The motion was. by le;ve, withdrawn. IRISH POOR-LAW. Mr. SCULLY moved for copies of all correspond ence between the Thurles board of guardians and the Poor-law Commissioners in Ireland, between the Ist day of January and the 10th day of March, 1851, relative to the refusal by the Poor-law Commis sioners to allow the board of guardians to increase the employment of the inmates in remunerative labour ; and return of the number of inmates in the different work-- houses in Ireland, specifying their ages between 7 and 15, 15 and 20, 20 and 40, and 40 and upwards, the different sexes, the number of able-bodied, aged and infirm. Sir WILLIAM SOMERVILLE asked the Hon. Gentleman to postpone his motion till he had an opportunity of communicating with the department to which it referred. He had no doubt the returns would bo readily granted, but as an act of courtesy the Poor-law Commissioners ought to be consulted first, before the House acceded to the motion. Mr. SCULLY could not comply with the request of the Right Hon. Baronet, as the motion he had made was one of considerable importance to Ireland and would admit of no delay. (Oh, oh !) The Thurles board of guardians were anxious to employ the numerous inmates in the union workhouse, so as, if possible, to ma'. it a self•supporting establishment. On the Ist of March, 18 .1, there were in the house no fewer than 700 able males, and 1.500 adult females. The guardians had had some com munication with the Board of Manufactures and Industry in Dublin, with the object of givink the inmates useful and reproductive employment. The Thurles board of guardians were prepared to make advances for this purpose, but the Poor-law Commissioners wrote, and imperatively forbade the design. They objected to the rewards and stimulants by which the guardians hoped to encourage the industry of the inmates. The board wished to form a fund from this reproductive employment tor the promotion of emigration, but the Poor-law Commissioners objected to this, on the ground that there would be such an increase in the applications for relief, and in the expcnditur, as to make the rates very oppressive to the smaller ratepayers. It was right the House should know whether the Government adopted this principle of preventing boards of guardians from making use of the labour of the inmates in the workhouses, and making these establish ments self-supporting. Let the board of guardians have due authority to use the power they possessed of employing the inmates of the workhouses as they thought proper, and he believed that not only would it be the means of raising Ire land, and giving a stimulus to those who lived there, but, through that source of industrial education, would confer a blessing on the country. Sir G. GREY was not aware that there was any objection to this motion, but he would recall to the recollection of the House what his Right" Hon. Friend the Secretary for Ireland had stated before the motion was brought on, that on Tuesday, when the Hon. Gentleman gave notice of his motion, he had written to Dublin on the subject, and that there had not yet been time to receive an answer. He would therefore move that the debate be adjourned to that day week. The debate was adjourned accordingly. SUNDAY TRADING. On the motion of Mr. WILLIAMS, the following Mem bers were named as a Select Committee on the Sunday Trading Prevention Bill :—Mr. W. Williams, Mr. B. Wall, Mr. Anstey, Sir De Lacy Evans, Sir W. Clay, Sir B. Hall, Mr. Alderman Humphery, Mr. Masterman, Mr. WakleY, Lord R. Grosvenor, Mr. Alcock, Lord H. Lennox, Mr Bankes, Mr. Kershaw, and Sir David Dundas. ECCLESIASTICAL TITLES BILL. ADJOURNED DEBATE. On the order of the day far the second reading of the Ec clesiastical Titles Bill, Lord J. MANNERS presented a petition from Colchester, praying that the Bill might be rendered more effective. '1 he debate was then resumed by Mr. NEWDEGATE, who said that the part of the subject to which he wished to call the attention of the House was the aggression on the temporal sovereignty and civil indepen a deuce of this nation which had been committed by the agent of Rome. Let the House remember, that although the Bishop of Rome had taken upon himself to es t a blish in th i those country a hierarchy under the plea that the body of who were adherents of that religion of wh ich they deemed sent him the head, required it, he bad , moreover, here a cardinal, a privy councillor, selected fro m his senate as a legate, to regulate, preserve , and extend his temporal au thority. Already that had had its effect. The Noble Lord in his opening speech adverted to the wide ran ge adopted fur its operation by the Synod of Thurles, and that that synod had entered into that vast so cial and civil question between lardlord and tenant, which was so intricate, so dangerous, and so deep, that as yet that House, the legi timate Legislature of the country, had s hrunk fro he inter fering with it. But that synod , in s o interfering in social affairs of Ireland, merely obeyed the bidding of the Popw s legate in that country. He wa nted to show that in this ate country Cardinal Wiseman was also a leg of the Pope —a legate a Were, armed with still ` ew wider tepo)waenrds tem poral believed, merely delayed interfering with our social, civil, poral affairs until that House should have separated for the recess. That part of the question had scarcely been touched upon by any other speaker than himself; and, as h e was both a layman and a Protestant, he hoped the HottSe Would IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, March 20. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his scat upon the Wool sack at Five o'clock. The Earl of MALMESBURY postponed the presen tation of the petition on the subjeot of tithes and poor rates of which he had given notice. He postponed it at the request of a Right Rev. Prelate who wished to be present at the dicussion. Lord LYTTELTON presented a petition from Wor cestershire in favour of the appointment of a county police; also a petition in favour of the revival of convoca• tion. BRISTOL CHARITY TRUSTEES. Lord STANLEY presented a petition from Bristol complaining of the appointment of charity trustees in that city, and praying that the benefit of the charity might be extended to the out parishes of the city. The LORD CHANCELLOR said that the charity trustees had been proposed to the Master in Chancery, according to the usual course; that the Master was pre pared to hear any objections that might have been argued against the appointment, and that the Master having reported that there was no objection to this ap pointment, that appointment had taken place in the usual manner. PETITIONS. Earl FITZWILLIAM presented several petitions against Papal aggression. The Marquis of LANSDOWNE presented several petitions with a similar prayer. The Earl of WINCHILSEA presented thirty-four petitions against Papal aggression. He believed it was of little avail to present petitions, but if the Protestants meant to fight the battle of Protestantism, they must fight it at the next dissolution. Petitions. signed by 2,000,000 of people against Maynooth had been treated as waste paper; and ho gave warning to his Protestant fellow-subjects, that if they wished to fight the battle of Protestantism, they must light it themselves. The NOBLE EARL then presented a petition from Slea lord complaining of agricultural distress, and against free trade. Free trade had been proposed as an experi ment, and it had signally failed. Lie believed that under a system of protection the country would be pro vided with wheat at a cheaper rate, taking a period of twenty years, than under a system of free trade. Lord WODEHOUSE said that there was no distress in the agricultural districts with which he was con nected. Lord SONDES considered that the agriculturists were suffering distress. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, March 20. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. PETITIONS. A large number of petitions were presented against the Papal aggression, some of them praying for a more strin gent law than that which was likely to arise from the Bill brought in by the Ministry of the day. Mr. F. O'CONNOR, presented petitions from Glasgow and two other places, praying the House to inquire into I dle several land appropriation schemes which bad been "put before the public. Mr. G. Berkeley, Mr. Horner, Mr. Stansfield, and other Members, presented petitions from the Wesleyan Methodists of Cheltenham, Leominster, and other places, against Papal aggression, and asking for a stronger measure than that now before the House. Mr. HAMILTON presented petitions from several places in Irelaud, praying that the Lord-Lieutenancy of Ireland Bill may not pass into a law. Mr. SCULLY presented several petitions from Ire land praying that the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill may not be passed. Mr. ROEBUCK presented several petitions from the Roman Catholic inhabitants of Sheffield and other places, against the Ecclesiastical Titles Bill. Mr. COBDEN slso presented several petitions to the same effect. Sir CHARLES LEMON presented petitions from the Protestants in England, and Dr. POWER from the Roman Catholics in Ireland, against the Bill. Mr. PETO and Mr. HENLEY presented petitions from several Wesleyan congregations in Norfolk, Suffolk, Ox fordshire, and Northamptonshire against the Papal Ag gression Bill, and praying for a much more stringent measure. Similar petitions were presented by Mr. AUGUSTUS STAFFORD and several other Members. Mr. PETo presented petitions from Norwich and Chesterfield, and by Mr. BERNAL from Sydenham and Kent, against the duty on paper. Mr. WYNDHAM GOO LD presented a petition from the Protestants of Bruff, Urga❑, and Manister, county of Limerick, in favour of the Church Education Society. Mr. MILNER GIBSON presented a petition from the inhabitants of London against the taxes on knowledge. Mr. WILLIAMS presented a petition from the vestry and inhabitants of Lambeth against the window•tax. Mr. WILLIAMS also presented a petition from Lambeth against the Papal aggression. Mr. LA.NGSTON presented a petition from the Roman Catholics of Oxford to the same effect. Mr. WILLIAMS presented a petition from Lambeth praying fur an inquiry into the several scheaies for the purchase of land now before the public. MERCANTILE MARINE. In reply to a questiTn, Mr. LABOUCHERE stated that with respect to the plans and mode of working of the Mercantile Marine Act, all the memorials were now in his possession, nod he should shortly make a lull state ment to the House. LEICESTER WATERWORKS BILL. In reply to a questim from Mr. FREWEN, Mr. WILSON PA:TTEN stated that the Standing Orders' Committee had not dispensed with the standing orders on the Bill. company n E y L w L a I s S r ti e t r a y ted con th s a id t e t r h a e bi c e a , pi t t h a a l t to he be raised ha had himself this elfa great interest in it, but that he should be ready to part with that interest for nothing as soon as the Bill should be carried.—(Loud cheers.) He thought he need say no more.—(Renewed cheers.) DENMARK AND THE DUCHIES. Mr. URQUHART wished to ask the Noble Lord the Foreign Secretary when the papers connected with the affairs of the Duchies and Denmark would be laid on the table of the House? Lord PALMERSTON said it was not his intention to send any further papers to the over a ed House on the subject, and for this reason— the to embraced a correspondence e period of two or three years which had been carried on wi t h a l most every p ower no rth of the Alps. It occupied 200 folio pages of letter-press, tenpdainpgers referred and no Hon. Member would ever think of reading ir, at all events if he did he would only waste his time, for the correspondence, although of importance when it first took place, had lostits interest by the lapse of time. The treaty relating to the affairs of the Duchies and Denmark had already been laid before Parliament. Mr. URQUHART said perhaps the Noble Lord would lay on the table those parts of it which related to the succession to the throne of Denmark. Lord PALMERSTON said her Majesty's Govern ment had altogether held aloof from that question, and had entirely devoted themselves to mediation to bring about peace between Denmark and the Duchies. It was true the correspondence indirectly referred to the sub ject of the succession; but still it was not advisable to lay those points befor e the House. THE KAFIR WAR. Mr. ADDERLEY wished to ask the Under-Secretary for the Colonies how soon the Cape diipatches, relating both to the constitution and to the Kafir disturbance, would be laid before the House. Also, whether he would present at the same tirs e copies of recent petitions to her Majesty on the subject of the promised constitution, and memorials from public meetings, which had been placed in his hands; and, whether he would present to the House copies of New Zealand ordinances passed year by year, since the last presentation of such copies of local ordinances to this House? Mr. HAWES, in answer to the first question, stated that he held in his band the papers referred to, and it was his intention to lay them on the table to-night. The petitions and other documents should also be pro duced but they could not all be completed for some time to come. NEW BRUNSWICK. Mr. ROEBUCK had seen a statement i n the news papers to the effect that a legislative cou ncil had been conceded to New Brunswick ; and he should be glad to know from the Ron, Gentleman the Under -Secretary for the Colonies if the report was correct? Mr. HAWES wished his Hon. and Learned Friend had given him notice of the question, because then he should have been able to give him a more satisfactory answer. Undoubtedly the general principle of a legis lative council had been granted to New Brunswick, and therefore there was a foundation for the report. STEAD TO AUSTRALIA. Lord NAAS wished to ask the Chancellor of the Ex chequer, in reference to the statement made by him that the tenders received for establishing steam communica tion with Australia were unsatisfactory, whether the Government had before them now, an offer from re spectable persons to establish and maintain that service for the amount arising from postage only, without any grant from the Exchequer? The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said the question was one that should be submitted to the Com mittee sitting on the subject, and therefore he must de aline answering it. STREET PaUSIC. Colonel SIBTUOIU called the attention of the Right Hon. Baronet the Secretary of State for the Home De partment to the practice of playing barrel organs in the public thoroughfares, and as it rendered the driving of vehicles dangerous, he should be glad to know if nothing could be done to abate the nuisance? Sir G. GREY said the Metropolitan Police Act made the practice referred to an offence at law, and the police had authority to remove street music whenever it was dangerous or an obstruction to the traffic of public thoroughfares. SUNDAY TRADING BILL Mr. W. WlLLlAMS,—inadverting to a few que s ti ons put to him the other night by the Hon. and Learned Member for Youghal, contradicted the report that the expenses of the Sunday Trading Bill were defrayed out of the parish rates of Lambeth. PAS - 16 - iii SYSTEM. Lord MAHON rose to move an address to her Ma jesty, pray:ing . that she will be graciously pleased to cause an inquiry to be made whether improvements might not be effected in the system of granting pass ports to her Majesty's subjects travelling in foreign states. The Noble Lord said that, in the month of May last, he had called the attention of the House to the subject, and had complained then that the high price put upon passports compelled almost every one about to travel abroad to take a passport from a foreign interest in The House had then evinced so m uch in the matter that he had been emboldened to give notice of a motion on the subject, which he did on tho 20th of February. A few days after a notice appeued pardon him if he informed them of the nature of the office and functions Dr. Wiseman came here to exercise, and showed them that from the earliest periods of our history it had been contrary to the constitution and common law of the country that a legate of the Pope, and especial a cardinal, should come into this country without the leave of the So vereign, and without an oath taken that he would attempt nothing against the realm and liberties of the people. If he could prove this, as he thought he could, he should have con tributed his mite to a better understanding of the question, and to relieve the measures that were required to repel this aggre , sion front th. , invidious imputation of religious per secution.—(Hear, hear.) He found that there was a meet ing of the clergy of the Established Church a few days ago at Sion College, at which Dr. M•Caul, quoting from a recognised authority of the Catholic Church, stated that the order of cardinals was literally a part of the Papacy and constitution—the privy council, which was the body corporate of the Pope, and then gave an account of how the office and power of the cardinal was wielded throughout. From that account it appeared that the office of cardinal, when the Pope assumed the temporal attributes of the Em peror, was converted into that of privy councillor, and that the cardinals ought not to be absent from the Papal Court except by reason of being sent out as legates. Car dinal Wiseman, then, could only be here as a legate. Van Espin, whose works were recognised at Maynooth, also said that whatever might be the case with other legates, cardin , l legates were called legates d latere, because they a era taken f orn the aide of the Pope. He believed that Dr. Wiseman had been asked whether he bad taken the oa.ll of privy councillor, and that his answer was, that he had not. But he bad taken the oath of archbishop in full, and that would be an excuse fsr not taking the oath of privy councillor; but he (Mr. Newdegate) could find no possible authority for the omission. However, the oath of archbishop eas strictly the oath of privy councillor, binding the party to discharge temporal functions, and with this remarkable addition, that for the recovery of such rights and property as had been alienated from the Romish Church he would do his utmost. He wanted to show that Cardinal Wiseman, by his own act as cardinal priest, ad verted to that very function of labouring to the utmost for the recovery of the goods of the Church. It was a very long time since there bad been a cardinal legate in England, and for this good reason, that it was contrary to the ancient statute law of this realm that those temporal officers of a fo-eign potentate should reside among Even Cardinal Beaufort, the brother of Henry VI., had found it necessary to have a special statute enacted in his favour before he could reside in England as cardinal legate ; Cardinal Wol.ey was appointed legate at the express instance of Henry VII.; and Ca dinal Pole, after he had been compelled to leave England because he resisted Henry VIII.'s proceed ings with the tempcealities of the Church, was ap pointed legate in England, not upon the motion of the Pope, but at the desire of Queen Mary. In the time of Elizabeth, the cardinal whom the reigning Pope had sent to England as nuncio received, in the Netherlands, whence he had sent to request permission to enter England, a prohibition from entering the realm, on the distinct ground that the ancient statutes of the realm declared that no legate from the Papal Court might reside in England. Happy would it have been for this country had the advisers of the present Queen emulated the firmness of those of Queen Elizabeth. Had but the Noble Lord opposite acted up to the professions of his letter, he would by this time have been at the head of one of the most powerful Governments ever known in this country, and the opposition in Parliament would have been extinguished altogether, instead of occupy ing the position they had now attained. The Noble Lord had described the manner in which various foreign countries had guarded against Papal aggression. Of these Prussia was the country in which the latest attempt of the kind had been male. In 1829 Cardinal A bani was appointed by the Pope Roman Catholic Bishop of Konigsberg. Upon his re fusal to take the oath cif allegiance to the Prussian Crown be was, by order of the Government, at once conducted to the frontier, under an escort, and sent home. go again, in 1837, when the Archbishop of Cologne had committed vari ous acts inconsistent with the civil rale of Prussia, he was at once placed under surveillance, until he should be re moved by the Pope. But here, in Engl , nd, a cardinal legate was allowed at full liberty to machinate, at the head of an organized conspiracy of priests, agitating the whole country, and exciting a struggle painful to contemplate. The .Nobls Lord said he was anxious to prevent synodical action ; all he need to do was to prevent the presence hare of any legate a /atere, for, unless by such an official, no synod could be ca nonically summoned, and without his presidency the pro ceedings of no synod were valid. Cardinal Wiseman had stated that the late aggression was based upon four conside rations— , that previous to 1847 the Catholics were still un der the pressure of the penal law, and enjoyed no liberty of conscience; 2, that the religious orders had previously no houses in England; 3, that previous to that period there was nothing approaching parochial divisions; and 4, that the in crease of their chapels and ministers had induced the aggres sion. After briefly alluding to the Bel which had been in troduced by the Hon. Member for Youghal an 1847, for regu lating charitable Roman Catholic bequests, which had been commented upon and objected to by the Law Committee of the Association of St. Thomas of Canterbury, because it made Roman Catholic bishops liable to be examined before a lay tribunal, and which, being opposed by all the Roman Catholic Members of Parliament on similar grounds, was subsequently abandoned, the Honourable Member pro ceeded to observe, that Cardinal Wiseman relied upon the religious orders as the instruments of his tyranny. Now, let the House look at the increase of these establish ments within the last few years, and he had an especial object in directing attention to this portion of the sub ject. In 1847 there were 3t conveats in this country; in 1848 there were 38, and in 18 .1 they had increased to 53. He did not know that there was anything so pe •uliarly at tractive about these establishments in the eyes of Protestants that they should rejoice at this increase, but he rather thought that that House would not show a due regard to the liberty of the subjects of this country if they did not pees some law for the inspection f f those places. (Loud cries of "Hear, hear.") It could not be ut of the recollection of the house that the Hon. Baronet the Sletnber for the Uni versity of Oxford (Sir R. H. Inglis) had a few nights since presented a petition from the stepfather of a young lady who was now immured in one of those prisons. Since that occasion the Honourable Member for üblin had risen in his place and stated that Miss Talbot was not in that place as a postulant.— (" Hear, hear," from Mr. Fagan.) The Hon. Member said "Hear, bear." Ile (Sir. Newdegate) had the authority of Mr. Craven Berkeley for stating that he had been distinctly informed by Miss Jerningham, who was the head of that religious house, that , Miss Talbot was retained there as a postulant.—(" No, no,' from Mr. Fagan.) Well; he had the authority of Miss Jerningham, or Mrs. Jerningham, or Mother Jerningham, for in king that statement, and She was the head of that establi-hment, and ought to know. (Hear.) He must say . that when he listened to that petition t a could not help in quiring what was the Lord Chancellor about ?—(Hear, hear. ) t 'W h e e i rc n h e i a s r w es a t r r d e s l against the will of e m s, in in or c s, on to ve b n e convents, secluded from the world? It appeared that the powers of that high functionary t be strangely crippled if such thi n g s were allowed with im punity, Let the House cons ider girl the case of a young separated from the nearest a nd tenderest ties which nature had interwoven with the best feelings of mankind, and plunged into the cold seclusion i of that place of imprison men , while the keeper o f the Queen's conscience, the highest functionary functionary of the land , her le g al father, sat impotently from that by and saw every in , idious art made use of to wring unhappy girl absurd to talk of reli giousshe belonged. (Hear, hear.) It was I things existed. n his own neigh. liberty while such bourhood there were convents—too m yan . From one of • rs ago a nun escaped. Unfortunately, she them some ea was taken back. What did they Arnow further of that woman? Nothing; except that within a week afterwards 15 cwt. of iron stanchions were put u p to barric ade the win dows, and to convert the place into a pe rf ect prison.—(Hear, hear.) Women entered there. They died. There was no account of their illness or their death. No coroner's in quest was held. They were utterly shut out from light and life, and, he would add, from the protection of the law, He did heartily trust, that whatever the opposition might be that House would insist upon an enactment for looking into transactions which were thus carefully hidden from the public eye.—(Hear, bear.) Then he came next to the monasteries. In 1847 there were 8 in England, in 1848 there were 11, and in 1851 they had increased to 17. He wanted to know why the Noble Lord, as he was about to enact a statute to give effect to some of the clauses of the Act of 1829, had totally omitted all the clauses with refer ence to these regular orders. Ile asserted that we ha • a right to claim the registration and surveillance which the Act of 1829 imposed, and he could not understand why. when the Noble Load had had four months to consider what was to be done, he had so totally forgotten those provisions of an Act to which he was for ever expressing his attach ment. He had seen it stated that there had been of late a great decrease of the order of Jesuits, particularly in this town. Now, he had no great admiration of that order, bk.t he rather entertained the opinion which had been so ably ex pressed in a most manly and straightforward speech by t t_ the Hon. Member for Tamworth— (Hear, hear) --and it must 1 ) ,.. remembered that that Hon. Baronet spoke with Or ledge of a witness—that he had seen their workingion. r" the thirds public, in a free country with a populationne He t he bad Protestants and one-third Roman Catholics, a_ Hear, hear.) He seen the happy results of Jesuit intrigue.— to li s ten to that ( Mr. Newde g ate) warn ed the Noble Lord this informstion— opinion, and he begged also to tender him.L o don until Cardinal that there we: e n Jesuit missions inthat he recommended Wiseman became vicar-apostolic; ; and that they had them and sanctioned their functione 'sided over this district. en 'rmously increased since he had pr ea _ , . o p I that the increase of Cardinal Wiseman stated, in his - enforce the decrees of his that order was to enable him (s. tiooked to those whom in master. If so, it was time we The fact was that the regular tended to be his instruments . especially the Jesuits, were orders of the Church of Romses,ion. They vr• re the head and the very teeth of this agg r a e toss , and the House might rely front—the i riacipal hid been without their s h are i n upon it, that they ha" in Europe.—( Hear, he a r.) Th e i r all the late disturbances s polity within themselves, w hi c h se t princples were those of nation to them as subjects. To them aside the right of anaTika which heir application to the people, all institutions we e r e being could best serve their pur the only difference, a monarchy which they could not con pose. If the , y s e a r d laboured like slaves that they might trot, that r was just the same with' a republi c . Hi s t or y overturn Th at they would not stop at any cr i me, from showed , av i e murder, to serve their puose. There parricide t o • e t increase of thia ord er , and for that reason then, a i d r was; then, the Protestant subjects of her Majesty bad a again 11 " . e xpec t that some account should b e taken of these right to f a ggression.—(Hear.) With reference to this agents Jesuits, the Noble Lord der of at the head of Foreign or Agsira in a dispatch dated Nov em b er 16 , 1 847, wh i ch had been laid upon the table of the House, had said, "The Society of Jesuits must be looked at both in a religious and in a political point of view. In its religious cha racter it is a society avowedly established to make war upon the Protestant religion. What wonder, then, that in a sm all country like Switzerland, where two-thirds of the people are Protestants, the introduction of such a society s hould give rise to dissensions between Catholic and Pro testant, and should be viewed with aversion by the majority of the nation? In its ecclesiastical character the Society of Jesuits is known to be exclusive and encroaching. Can it be surprising, then that in Switzerland, as in other countries, a great portion even of the Catholic population should look upon the Jesuits with jealousy and dislike?" Those were the sentiments of the Noble Lord at the head of Foreign Affairs in reference to the Jesuits in Switzerland, and he (Mr. Newdegate) asked whether they were not equally ap plicable to this country?— (Hear, hear.) He wished to ask whether the Noble Lord intended to permit the residence and accredited action in this country of a person intrusted, as Cardinal Wiseman was, with full legatine powers? The powers of a legate were to manage all the affairs—civil, eco nomical, and political—of the nation committed to his charge. I was true no legate could manage or control the affairs of this country, but that he might and would interfere with them there could be no doubt.—(Hear, hear.) Ile spoke the voice of the Protestants of England, and he spoke from communications made to him by peaceful and orderly men, when he told the Noble Lord that they were content to b+ protected from these aggressions by law, but that if they were not protected by law, they would take the matter into their own hands.—(Hear, and a cry of " Oh.") Mr. KNOX (Dungannon) wished to express his indigna tion and that of the people of Ulster at the conduct of the Government with regard to this But. The letter of the Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) had been regarded by every Protestant in the kingdom as an indication that be intended to do his duty to the country in protecting its religion. When, however, the Noble Lord brcugbt forward a measure, it turned out to be a milk• nd-water affair, and did not by any means bear out the declarations contained in his cele brated letter. What followed? Some lion. Members threatened the Noble L rd with a civil war in Ireland; and, in consequence of that absurd threat, the Bill was reduced to a wretched remnant. and would have no effect whatever in preventing the assumption of power by the Bunsen Pontiff. He (Mr. Knox) wished to take that opportunity of contra dicting au assertion made the other evening by the 11 0 - . Member for Dublin (Mr. Reynolds) , that Ulster was per fectly indifferent as to the measures that might be taken ea this subject. He could only say that the Protestants of Ulster were as angry at the Papal aggression as they new were at the conduct of the Noble Lord, who, with the suppieet,, of a min rity of that H use- (A laugh held the reins of goverment. He hoped that Ireland would - be i n cluded fur l n any measure tha might be carried thro u g h the liousee be considered that the omission of Ireland would be a breach of the Acts of Union. Dr. POWER thought that sense of then peec h e s which b ad been delivered by supporters of the Bill were better suited to the atmosphere of Exeter-ball than to a calm and dispas sionate deliberative assembly. The question was whether the Pope by the creation of a Boman Catholic hiersichy in this country, had invaded the supremacy of the Crown, the_ rights of the Established Church, and the independence of the nation ; and. unless that could be shown, by the evidenee_ of clear and indisputable facts, he for one would feel himself justifi d in denouncing the present Bill as a persecuting in_eaci sure-(Hear) - and oue that ran counter to the greet I ' l l glorious principles of religious toleration. If the argument., of the Hon Member for Warwickshire were are, against the Papal aggression they were still stronger are?: ments against the very existence of the Italian Cat hen e n . religion in this country. The Pope was charged with e r n ", deavouring to assume territorial jurisdiction in this count... The Noble Lord had taken care in his speech this c netjce_ the broad distinction that existed between a civil 511 01 _1: spiritual jurisdiction ; but the Hon. Member for Osi ns erU e seeing the course the argument was taking, dexter° n lY s changed the ground, and drew a distinction betwaeee . spiritual and an ecclesiastical jurisdictio n. Thatsuch, such, end tinction might be made in the case of a C hurch not go ill r ahwi hierarchy a i be drawn d a whose discipline was that it should be governed by a D i r il e, htyh the casee admittedu of a C ; h b u u r t c h t h t a i t ) e the la d d i i u s t g i n p c r t i i n o n c i p C i o e u . could erarchy, he utterly denied. Every Roman and believed that the Pope bad no civil jurisdictio_nsstlec,,ere, or auth rity within this realm, and yet, Catholicnotwithiele's"fee the oath or declaration taken by ell Roman euthuley berg of Parliament to that effect, they were told that that the held a divided allegiance. He was not aware tiurch b a d supremacy of the Crown over the Protestant_ 0 eh it ba d ever been questioned by Roman Catholics, th u y g a the been denied by some of the bishops end shear , hear.) Catholic knell clergy and laity of the Established Church. k mot of the A hierarchy was ( ssential to the proper deTelqhad Catholic t. buret' • the appointment of that hierar chy u sp. not been exercised by the Crown ; and the rig () e Cete u--c pointment rested in the recognised head ot h t ielded a Church, to whom the membe s of that Church 7 Pre" reaoy obedience. If, then, by Ps"ing this Bill, ecclesirese vented the Boman Catholics from perfecting their oleretions tical organisation, what became of their boasted t limed? and of the freedom of conscience they so loudly proc as ego Even supposing the act of the Pope to have been ' e would gression, could it for a moment be supposed that e The have endeavoured to support that aggression by forceb whole Hon. Member for the West Riding had stated that t e o other ktfisch,, ii naval force of the Pope consisted of a gunbrig and tw vessels of war ; they knew, too, that his waved.Holineuessupe this moment supported by foreign bayonets ; and t P o ut his therefore, that he would have attempted to measures by force was a perfect absurdity. The 4°bila 3 t i e oe ber for Bath (Lord Ashley) had intimated that, on a in, And casion, three great Catholic powers, France, SPa would Austria, gave their aid to the Pope, but that the Yes iii that assist him in any designs upon this cu ° ie . e Noble could only present itself to the romantic minaf t Catholic Lord. If the measure of the Pope had rendered the ea - were cserry:_ _ern. clergy of this country more independent than tu e ers __ e d before of the Queen and the Government, if it had interfere t d, with the allegiance they the Sovereign of EngTe ta or had dimini-hed the venues,reor interfered with the eneee et of the Established Church ; then, he admitted, thereu.Tegi'd have been some cause for alarm ; but none of those T It , " , been produced. The bishops and clergy of the Cathol. Church in Ireland had at an early period maintained a long AL_y.it i t' ng with the Pontiff wite regard to the canon, t. e i e s l ig be to the observance of Easter, and had openly denie a . 1 . a that to levy money in that count,),; and he believed it Isl a au resistance which formed the pretext to a Roman 11tendee Englishman by birth, for handing Ireland over to t he . the mercies of Henry H. He might observe, also, that in mercies earlier days of the United States, when the Purits n° ° ( , us h e rs of England persecuted the Episcopa ians, and the e to the Pennsylvania persecuted the Presbyterian, they first to Roman Catholic colony of Maryland, which Was the ~ e ar.) proclaim the great principle of religious toleration.- ri How was it that there was such apa. by now in ther(.lsteit_eedt. States upon the subject, which created so much excitement here? They had their archbishops tied bishops, ue! e set We tinual additions were made to the number; and s n ot beard of no excitement there. But then they were3,,_ shackled with an established church, which was perpetu A trembling for its existence, sad at every reform raising __ l 'd cry of " The Church in danger !" If it was in dange r t e a its garment was rent, it was torn not so much by is Roman Catholics as by those within its own Pa le ' truth, but for " Pusevism," we should not have b e d this the 4 , c omedy of Errors'' enacted in Downing-street, Or s , comedy of " Much Ado about Nothing" ulenl'eun ba d many platforms -( A laugh.) Some gentlemen ° taken part in this debate, seemed not to be aware that Ca: ' tholic doctrine was immutable, but that the discipline whle". ' would be required in a country like th is would be differed' from that required in such a country as China..-( Hear, bea r ' It was surprising that the Noble - Lord at the h ead of too ie Government, who had read history s o well, had not draw_ee from it this conclusion, that penal laws were not the means by which an obnoxious religi on could be checked. It ne.., been tried in Ireland for t hree centuries and failed. Thl,. Bill would not cffect in this country the object intende d As regarded Scotland , it w as p al p able injustice, drawing, &se it did, a dist f iction between the Protes tant E p iscopal Church and the Roman Catholic Church, both of which stood in the same relation to the dominant Church there. The coloniee. it was said, were not included in the Bill, because the Queen's ecclesiastical supremacy did not extend to the colonies; di d it extend to Scotland?-(Hear.) But in every direction the Bill involved difficulties. In Ireland it was recalling tsh_e. Catholic Assucistian into existence. If the House die not wish to make Ireland the " difficulty" of every Adm inistrae tion, and to keep there a standing army of at least 40,1 the 0 n p rat peace theyaid tranquillitys hotil d reject and a Bill best interestss o of withtne count The moment the Hon. el ember sat down, at least a CIOEO gentlemen rose to address the House. Mr. HENRY DRUMMOND, who proceeded to FRY he could not consent to confine the scope of this The SPEAKER called upon that so all the narrow limits to which the Honourable Gentleman who had just sat down e ould restrict it. His (ar' Drw' mood's) opinion was, that the question the Hous e had a s discuss was nothing short of this. whether the r•o n e Catholics shoeld remain a tolerated sect under the spiritual dominion of the Qseen, or whether the Queen should be a licensed heritic under the ePir itu , a ,l dominion of the Pope.--(Loud cries; of " near, bo o r ; e , Parliament had to settle whether they would have the , third of the population of this kingdom, under ed pretext of " religious developments," to discussioun be guv i e f sr le o ; by a law unknown to the two remaining thirds - 0 hear)-a law which was considered paramount and superi_. to the law, common or statute, that governed the country,ntr (Hear, hear.) Nor would this night, or this deb, tr. this Bill, or a hundred such, settle the question; _. be Pope had raised a storm in this country that w heat, h ear s quiet again in the lifetime of any present.-(Hear, b; Now, before coming to the main body of the Pope's sernY_: c i re (Mr. Drummond) should like to say something to tend e: ss. mishers es ho had been put in the front of the battle , , se , pecially those" pbiloaophers ' who affected to stand nruieto altitude superior to us all and to say, " What sig n l e e whether the dog beats the hog or the bog bea s t n dog ?- (Laughter.) What signifies whether Pat ist Eats do or Protestant eats Papist ?-(llear, eas t, and laueliter). Stand aloof from it all. and leave things i to take their own course."-(Hear, hear.) It was a P ity that these " philosophers" did not think so some two or , three years ago; they condescended then to come down from teeir heiht, and they did meddle with a Bill sent up . from that House specially giving as a reason why they in' serted a clause which justly otfended the Pope, that forb ore. oth i they would not ha ve the Pope send an "alter eyo" h Why, the Pope, instead of seeding an " alter sga" had sent A piece of himself-(" Hear, hear," and asleugh)-pars =l rish 1 corpyris.-(lleer, hear.) But we were indebted to an Irish gentleman for showing us the value of " philosophers" in all i Drummond) wished to warn the House sublunary matters; and whoever had read the Verg e ..° Laputa might know that of all men they were the les' t i fit to guide us on such an occasion. -(Hear, hear.) Ile (M r ' implicitly Member. upon anything asserted by a Roman Catholic ember.- (Laughter, and a cry of "Oh !") I le did inot say that the lion. Member would be a bit more cap did L of wilfully deceiving the House, or saying anything he d I _ not believe to be true, than any other Member.- (Hear, bea r. / But still when a question arose as to the differences between . the Court of Rome and the See of Horne, one Honourable r Member Member for asserted one thing, another Honourable _or i other. He had applied to the Hon. Member for Y°ugheubflin . information, when up started the Hon. Member for p v idence • w.th his particular explanation. On referring to the.e wim ess given by Dr. M'Hale on that subject, he found 3' C the Court of Rome were not the doctrines or principles bow they relied to say, that " the doctrines and principles 0 , wom an Ca d th t e he Rome and the Church of Rome. For Court of tholic Church, which distinguished bet i _. ailing, without might be the scene of much intrigue and cab Roman Cath atfecting, at the same time, the decrees of the Wiseman state lie Church." llow, after that, could Dr. the Church what he had? It was alleged that for centuries d to daft; of Rome had undergone no change; but he begge d a lmost from those who asserted that, for it had c hauge. ving in . every century, and always for the purpose of 1 indeed, migbt creased power to the priests. The philosophe rs, fuse subject' twheee uourt of Rome say , " We ought to have nothing to do wi'h -. • They might be answered in the way in which a Bonaparte addressed the senate when some measures to ing religion were being brought forward. He ha d , _ Fre nch Catholic religion was that of the majority of tne , they nation - and if they abandoned so powerful an enginuestnid would ' be at the mercy of the first impious knave who would wish to convulse France. Now that was w ba _ all ures O that inevitably take place in Ireland if they did riot taknecreee., to prevent such a state of things. It was said i what army the Pope had no army. He should like to know telear; end the Pope had ever had for the last 1,800 years?--k. Ministc! _ot: ) et he had laughter.) Where was his great army? contrived to do as rt.u. h mischief in Euro ally other gentleman ever did.-(llear, and lauehter effected still, however, bad all the arms by which he had ever en t d while the mischief, and all his oesigne still unchange ; of re- England had thrown away her arms, and had no powery was sistance. It is asked, Where is the attack made? it done said that it was only a spiritual and conscientious act, . ee, for the benefit of an hierarchical system. How came it , then , 5 _ however, that the Pope seat a cardinal? It was a lon g time, fortunately fur us, since we bad any of t ea peAfonrdce-nttliesx sort of gently amongst us.-(Laughter.) To show_ w_ light in which that class of persons was held by the Pope! it would be only necessary to refer to a brief letter from on_! of the Popes to a King of France, relative,teu, the case of a dissolute cardinal of the name of Buil' 'a_ who r e sided in that country, and was a reputed natural eon; of one of the Bourbons, but whom it was proposed to exn e the kingdom. The Pope wrote to the King of F rauceto the effect that he could not gelid away a cardinal, who was ! e u e perior to the law, and that it was not consistent with Ie zeal which he ought to have for the maintaining of sacred,_A to establish here. Such was the law which one-third of the persons and things. Such was the law which they we fed iay m e n . -(No.) The question with the Court of Rome o__l' a poop e asked to maintain, and that more for priests than,_ffir been always that of priest and layman. Once they beca:., members of the Church, they were no longer eubject to D 7. other power - they were independent of the King! wh o en" dangered bis et ernal talYatiQa if be interfered with we ,f