The Sun. — London, England, 1850-06-03 00:00:00

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' fino ,„ 0 1 a , le j, Lion. .• • ; 1f •• , ; 4 ,ter 01 [, p er ci ci as 4 0i 1 0 .. ,vp in; •• •' 1 0 ' ac i d • • • r,C;O V OO ,ke,l o ; el d oe al • • ' 00 pa roh O3 fa • Pr t l.ot 321 1...,•ew", Pr od , itg l o'; piog reOSC a Fr ' , 0 :YY 9 001 0 0/ Jg ri Of id /441 (S ° P r V ea ve .o rV 61 126 g'; 41 s to I , e r . 4 to 3 41 4 , „jot s:, of VOr` 4;1 0 0 ; OP 13, ine ° j a 9 2 ,,,00„. 1f 0 tc' n si r e 134 , b oo' 3, 336 a itio' 0g c°, ,g, i,p, ,AsT; I vo:„ 3 7 / " / '‘. Oe 33$ ~.974 45 1 re'? rliew bO iP 4C I} O I ce p, oa l jof the ket b t la r sco o o „o o ,te e 6° t() ' be r were .erg tf owia of robe! “ctig.f ) e 0 ry 1° 0 ,9. 2 geli e r r ;hest d i ire P. , rl ; bri dge i' V' O ij4 3113 a bor 104 jerg -° A 011- [ora e ' ‘ i the A t he I ,op ec d 4 pc i e err ° e l A rti hes t e fp, n SOO' 'lo l i/ per 111 10 0 .7,i y tiry. , il o l( ; 0 I'4 CV ir) tle fj . rola" 4 ,0) I; 0 ' " 0 R , 0 / 1 zr , 6 he e . it te ledd r 3 0 W etDe ol ° 4 r$ 0 FLO ;T. it 'ri; # A tiorf ro-- --- 11 0 We— wlth each kind of meat. Owing to the change in tLe weather, the dem an d f or a ll d escr i pt i ons , if we except the prirnest Mutto n w hi c h i s comparat i ve l y scarce , Is 'an', and, in some i nstances, pr i ces have a d ownwar d to e lle.Y. About 400 carcases of foreign meat have wen disp ose d of. At per stone by the Carcase. s. d. to s. d. , s. d. to s. d. 1 8 1 10 Mutton, Inferior .. 2 4 2 6 2 0 2 2, 2 4 2 8' - prime ...• 3 4 3 8 210 3 0 P0rk,1arge........ 210 3 4 2 8 3 4 - small • 3 6 4 0 Lamb. 4s 0,1 to 5s 2d. Bel/LOUGH AND SPITALFIELDS. The oi total impo r t s o f F ore i gn P otatoes s i nce thi s d a y t, nni ght have been con fi ne d t o 807 t ons; 495 b e i ng from , 222 fromC Antw e rp, and 90 from Calais. raabterdacot wis e an d by land carriage about 1,300 tons have it !' t elled us in fair average condition. Tho le qualities re scarc er an d rather d e arer. In other kinds very l itt l e Is doing.. P ee r, Weiler tmld e d . 1 e 1 11 g r g el Prime v e lme small .. t'ork Per Ton. Ditto . Re gents 80s to 150 s &laws for Planting — s to —8 Scotch Regents 65s to 80s Ditto tnin.'Cups 65i to 80s Ditto Duffs s to s titles ..... s to Lincoln. Regents. —s to —5 %%beach ditto —s to 1-Itto'Xidneys s to Berwick Refits... —a to —s Per Ton. Common Whites 50s to rss Kent Shaws Essex Regents Ditto Shaves Ditto Kidneys Chats, sound lss to 35s Ditto damaged —a to a French Whites Belgian Whites sos to 70s Dutch Whites ... 40s to 55s German ditto ... —8 to —a pit T he • WOOL. Imports of Wool into London last week were very r ens is'''; viz., 8 bales from Valparaiso, 1,041 from i'ncebtan, 199 from Seville, 6,421 from Port Philip, s 5 f rom Alexandria, 264 from the Cape, 8,806 from f r Ydn eY, 14 from Antwerp, 194 from Buenos Ayres, 800 lib ? Port Beaufort, and 26 bags from Ireland. The Ye may be cl a ss e d a m ongs t th e l arge st arrivals on Nordin one week. By private contract only a mode . - e quantity of Woo lis offering. All kinds are in fa ir N tl est, at very full prices. TALLOW. POur a d v i ces from St. Petersburgh represent the trade ler n b, rl as exceedingly heavy. Only about 1,200 casks bl 3 bold, at 111 roubles on the spot, 1111 for June, and no` far July. The demand hero is very inactive, but ti n - "," Slightest change has taken place in the quota is-:4tlinee Monday last. To-day, P.Y.C. on the . spot, d n :'"ag at 36s 8d to 375; and. for forward delivery Per last three months, 38s 3d per cwt; Town a ow, 35s 6d per cwt, net cash; Rough Fat, 2s Per ibs. 1846. 6 O a d Btcek 411i' et T, c• day •• .. t " 10,261 11I,11verY last week • • to s os _".) from June 1.... 543 i ,7l Vals last w ee k • 241 tto from J une 1 241 ?I lea Of T o 433 6d 1847. i 1848. 1849. 1 18AO. 7,746 I 9,680 50s 3d 45s Od to 50s 6d to Os Od 730 j 1,101 604 4111 25,295' 25,729 38s 9d to , 86s 9d O 8 0d to 373 Od .962 1,224 268 232 277 2,342 2,639 251 I 2,632 51s Od 48s 6d 39s 6d I 38s Od THE SECRETARY OF THE BRADFORD REFORM ASSOCIATION. Sir or Thursday the 30th ult. trial was made 41 ,,,,"1e new H ouse o f C ommons . Th e repor t t o b e prods of it is very doubtful. The only decided im keentent appears to be, that by general acknowledg- T h in there is more room for Hon. Members' toes. ok e h earing is apprehended to be worse than in the nat ._ a circumstance which will have its effect on the o u nel counsels, and by connexion on the world's, seltr oeh wh et h er i t w i ll b e for good or evil it is e i h„ ee , 1. 3' practicable now to say. Three-fourths of 4 0 7: has hitherto passed for proceedings in the Wi e le of Commons will be decidedly inaudible. e(44.. ther under such ' a dispensation Members will t5, 04 7.5.e themselves to slumber, and so the Ish 'nog process extend itself uncontrolled, or eth er • th e it will tend to throw debate into ar e ~u a nds the Boanerges of the House, who ts lia ", ° generally among the lengthiest, is what time bo ot b s hovv• It is possible that, as the foot and a new ts od . t ome to terms of mutual concession and accom lio a tion, the Members may adapt their voices to the s o i ns e• or th e H ouse b e improved to meet the th a e t e t; on which last point it has been suggested, ha nging the walls and windows with curtains is t a, ailable resource. The scandal of the wretched oes to w hi ch lad i es were admitted, i s i n one sense h '"ved ; but for either hearing or seeing, they might h ei W ell be sen t t o t h e t op o f S t . P au l' s b y way o f ti r‘ g Present a t a p u bli c mee ti ng i n S m ithfi e ld. st ell Friday Lord Ashley's motion for stopping the th e ri e tion and delivery of letters in the country on 93 - ' a Ys• was unexpectedly carried by a majority of ls t i"gainst 68. There used to be a notion that legis th4e,was conducted with deliberation ; but it appears a i e dgion of the country can be changed to Judaism ti e 4 eaten a House of 166. Whenever there is a mo ss nsive in its consequences, and which wants t otti 4 nation and weighing of the facts, the rule and cus les,ef the House is that it shall be passed with the yo Possibl e d e b a t e . I ha v e great doubts whetherit tha t t B ra df ord are competent l y aware of what is of h l 'ao been settled for you. If you have a piece h b usi ness in London, of which a report is sent off to t ome e n the Friday night, but with the absence of to th Points which causes your anxiety to be roused h ow e highest pitch by the information you have sea t era,—or if, to put it in another view, report is t uff You that your nearest relative in London has 4 1 , r ,ed one of the accidents to which humanity is t te „, ll .Y liabl e , an d th e o n ly p u rpose for which life is ms valuabl e to you is to know what news the next se l j t nation w ill produce,—in either of these cases, no bett is to be allowed to proceed to you on Saturday, at ic c u se that would be Sabbath-breaking at Brad • * o4 l'o oe is t o p roce ed to you on Sunday, because that ate ~c 1 be S a bb a th-breaking in London. You Yo u 'erefore to wait till Tuesday morning, when qho will be allowed to know whether your father ti fell down in a fit on Friday, was saved by e '' ble e di ng , or w h e th er i n th e s teamboat which s op a Wrecked i n th e Ch anne l o n the Thursday, your the and daughter were among those who escaped in I„ooPeddle- boxes. And in like manner if we in Aern, are anxious to hear from you in Bradford. fond all this because a Noble Lord and 94 influential of e ln k °ners, are unbelievers and abnegate the right iie tit 'list and his Apostles to abrogate the Jewish T is ution of the Sabbath. ir e "l i _e hop e on this subject is, that the mark has been tlis?, u nt, and that it will be the commencement of tys a Vliggle against ecclesiastical and anti-scriptural to t0 : 11 ,3" which is evidently impending. We are in 4 egree where our fathers were when they first fo - t l l l to deny the existence of scriptural authority e Pope's deposing kings. Of course the time- We r ra ' stuck t o t h e o ld cree d, an d vo l u mes of abuse tot th rown th rown on those who dared have their eyes open fitt a „! truth. In the present case, deep responsibility `" e s to th e Di ssen t e r s or to bodies of them, t the e e authority they have given to what every a„ • , an ran t Who r ea d s th e Ne w Testament may know to n t .,4v e - an ti - scriptural untruth. It is likely they will ‘;li s e nough of it before they have done. A Vice tisionoellor has revived Lord Eldon's celebrated de thee' that a holder of heterodox opinions may have ° „,De e i n uet °_, dy of his children taken from him, and has ''stali among the legal grounds, a belief in St. 4414 ael' adrnission that the man who believes all days ao good as he that makes a difference ;—the 'litto ri t e e - Chancellor to all appearance believing in his 14 14 Zee, that S. Paul's authority was on his side Against him. Why shall not a Quaker have 9 111 8 17dy of his children taken from him for opening ‘;liri st e P on Good Friday, or for heretically recognising Ostli " 18 injunction to " swear not at all" ? It is a with thing to nurse this kind of interference tnost nlen s consciences and worldly goods, and r al4P e rilous of all when in maintenance of a palpable Zt pi e s at i°n of a professed rule. What has happened p e n lY a beginning, and will have its bearings 'or it .:Le quarters where religious oppression, marking jeep T„ culiar game the Working Classes as least sh 'let a h,„'"" e ,d with the ultimate nature of the war, is istile b ili ng its cords and extendingits stakes. There I , 4l th e , "ftve been just the same action on them in our cetetli time, in - favour of fish-days and payment of I t peace. w orld tn Y opinion the best thing the commercial day p e Ntld do, would be to get up a Christian Sun ,l4ttera'_,culuv.eyance Company,. to ~c ollect and" convey ' ring the two-seventias ot numan life in Eng which the unbelievers think they have succeeded /v4 rl4 4l L ie , r a, nibg to outer darkness. The eye of the ,i tit, i r - L ine communication by post, and those who nt deblind us. We shall have Portugal get before such coll ec ti on an d c o nveyance of letters is 'i i kli ghs " a rdi ng to the law at this moment, the law Leto' k:cp ' i be alt ere d ; f o r the present decision has e s r" °Y - stealth and on the re-action there will thi s . g 411 hie that may not be done. It may be, that ' to lead t o great good, as with our fathers. tr E,. ' l\l .. rid .„ftY a long - and not very lively debate on eg tiaßuxton's motion for maintaining the diffe },7"er '146 on slave-grown sugar. The object of the h ay and those who acted from his principle, was 4v e th e pot itr „ matter considered as a public expenditure ,rate e , t "Y Made for the sake of a great purpose. The • s No late, as was to be expected, joined from 4 iti s i f i a ti q their own. The motion was finally lost by a of 2 34 against 275. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, to to AN OLD REFORMER. • "no) June 3, 1850. has, hp, 4) y,_7Bl3tellrb)isb—er the National, M. Lombard Morel, v e t, a t , ' 3 " A IY, condemned by default to a year's imprison-to_ of lk st ft ) °f. fine, for having published, on the li h f be its an exciting to hatred of the Government d cfa mta 1 4 ,v,"_".1c, insulting the President, and attacking the o ..'erives from the conttitution. The editor made account of the Court declining to postpone the ` i e4 ii ' °l l 4 ecitien ce of the non-attendance of his advocate \V - ,„„ a nz• gen !!'abl e HOSPlTAL.—Yesterday morning the o f t tlt s f st 7hdeacon Manning delivered a sermon from the 1 44 t Itbov • Church, Westminster, in aid of the funds tlow Leo excellent and old-establsshed institution, which °lal Pleted the 131st year of its existence. The b et e Preach p at h er eloque n tly touched upon the many pecu •jt appears"pial upon public benevolence and sym -44,eg The , that 15,755 patients have been received li t Zer b. ; l „ast twelve months, and owing to many of that cliZ l ttil itr - 4 choler a and other urgent cases, occasioning tP4t il r the Pea-ses, the income was found deficient at the fipiesr by nearly 8001. The rev. gentleman's elo- Yfil l re 4 PClncleel to by c9ll9ctitnit of about 751. THE SUN, LONDON, OVERLAND MAIL INDIA. We have received, by Extraordinary Express, our dispatches from Bombay of May 1, and trom Cal cutta, of April 20, with private letters from the latter place of April 22, in advance of the Overland Mail. The intelligence they supply is not of particular inte rest. The Alf;edies who have lately caused much trouble upon the Peshawur frontier, have been so liciting terms from Colonel Lawrence, who refused to acceed to their request, until an answer should be received to their communication from the Governor-General. It was suspected that this was but a scheme of the rebels to obtain time to gather in their crops, which, being accomplished, they would renew their hostilities with increased energy. The last mail brought accounts from Oude which represented the ,uccessful resistance of a refractory Zemindar to the British troops, and in which contest Lieutenant Elderton, of the 10th Bengal Native In fantry, and several men under his command, lost their lives. On the Ist April, a further supply of men and an additional gun were sent out against the enemy : and their enterprise was crowned, we are told, with complete success; but we have no details of this affair. Moolraj h, the Moultan chief, and Maharajah Singh, arrived prisoners at Calcutta on the 18th of April. The former is to be confined to the fort, where every accommodation is to be afforded him ; but the latter is to be transported to the Straits of Malacca. Sir Charles Napier complains of ill-health, and intends to return to England in October. Commercial advices from Bombay and Calcutta still continue unfavourable. Manchester goods were in trifling demand in the former market, but all other kinds of commodities seemed to be almost unsaleable. At Calcutta there was little or nothing doing. (From the Bombay Times of May 1.) SUMMARY.—The approach of the monsoon now begins to break in on the usual days of mail dispatch : on the present occasion the Ist has been substituted for the 3d—on the next and the following we shall have the 11th and the 25th instead of the 17th May and 33 of June; and thenceforth till September we shall have only one Bombay dispatch monthly. The past fortnight has been in a great measure newsless, the local press having been chiefly occupied by the discussion of the question of the most eligible line for a railway. Public opinion, both at home and here, seems to be coming round to the views of Col. Grant, that the Poona line is the best. So far from the Court of Directors having, as is averred, neglected their duty in the matter, so far back as 1842, before the public thought of railways here at all, they desired the services of Mr. Vignoles as commissioner to in quire into the railway capabilities and prospects of India. The Supreme Government have at length passed an Act enabling the managers of charity schools to apprentice the children under their charge, and magistrates of police to bind those who fall into their hands, to learn trades and professions; the latter clause has been introduced by suggestion from Bom bay, where schools of industry - have long been in pre. paration for the reception of the destitute, and for the instruction in the improved practice of the arts and handicrafts of all who care to resort to them. G-o -verninent, for the past eight years, have been spending thousands of rupees monthly in en deavouring to instruct cotton cultivators in clean ing and picking cotton, by sending teacher s t o th e districts; the Bombay plan is to open a school for all comer!, and hundreds on hundreds are expected to resort to it, some having been here already, and many having applied. The proposed plan bears the same relation to the existing one as parothial schools at home would do to the plan of sending teachers 'to every hamlet and glen—incurring a thousand times the coast, and offering not one hundredth part of the returns. In January the Court of Directors granted a superintendant for the schools—all they have for a long time past been waiting for ; the moment the Board of Control gives their saction, the schools will be opened, money, material, ground, tools, and work having already been secured. The Affreedie chiefs, lately annoying us on the Peshawur f ron ti er , h ave , of their own accord, gone in to Colonel Lawrence :o seek for terms. They disowned all knowledge of ,he murders lately committed, but so little doubt waa entertained of their complicity, that they were told that they must wait for an answer till the wishes of the Governor-General were known. Sir Charles Napier is said to be desirous of sending the new 66th or Goorkahs (Nepaul highlanders) to Peshawur, where they are likely to do — good eeryice. Dost Mahomed is said to be doing every thing in his power to provoke and annoy us—his latest act being the interruption of some rafts of wood floating down the Caboul river to Pashawur for building purposes. The Commissioner in Sinde reached SuCku'r on the 15th of April; his stay would, it was expected, be but short. Dr. Don had reached Kurrachee and re- lieved Dr. Scott of the duties of Superintending Sur geon, and the latter gentleman has returned to the presidency and resumed his former berth as Secretary to the Medical Board. On the Ist of April another gun was sent out against the refractory Zemindar at Oude, and success seems at length to have crowned our efforts, though no details are given. The Governor- General left Calcutta on the 14th, and was expected at Bemires on the 23d ult., on his way to Simla. Sir C. Napier has reached the latter place. Lord Falkland left Bombay fur Mahabuleshwar on the 18th ; and Sir E. Perry, Chief Justice, returned to the presidency on the 23d. Storms of thunder, lightning, and hail, are beginning to make their ap pearance all over the country, and at Bombay the weather has been hot and damp, which predicts rain be near at hand. MILITARY INTELLIGENCE. Casualties by death in the armies of India, reported since the departure of the mail on the 16th April. H. M.'s Tsoors.—Lieutenant J. H. C. Loft, 64th Foot, at sea, on the 18th January. BONBAY.—Captain A. N. Aitcheson, 13th N. 1., at Cairo, on the Ist April. MADRAS.—Liutonant H. W. Urquhart, 6th N. 1., at Dharwar, on the 13th April. BENGAL.—Assistant -Surgeon E. Edlin, M.D., at Cal cutta, on the 6th April. Assistant-Surgeon W. Veal, at Umballa, on the 9th April, Lieutenant-Colonel C. E. T. Oldfield, C.B. ' sth Cavalry, at Nakodah, on the 16th April. Civil Assistant-Surgeon M. Nightingale, Hissar establishment, at Mussoorie. on the 10th April. TRACTS OF AN ANTI-TRACTARIAN. No. XI V. By a Barrister. These tracts well deserve the notice they have excited. It is not often we find law and theology side by side; but the gentlemen of the long robe, when well qualified for their profession, are fitted to take the field what ever b e t h e su bj ect o f inquiry. If we did not know that they were really written by a member of the profession, we should pronounce, without hesitation, th at these tracts came from the pen of a theologian, so ample is the doctrinal know ledge they display, and so complete a master is he of the most secret movements going on in the religious world. His exposure of the Jesuits in some of the former numbers has had the effect of attracting the public attention to the daily increase of their numbers in London and in the provinces, in defiance of the Act of the 10th Geo. IV., c. 7, which prohibits their appearance either in Great Britain or in Ireland, un der a penalty of 501. for every month they remain. This is a subject to which attention cannot be too strongly directed. The reasoning is convincing, and the utmost force is given to it by the vigour and variety of the style. Sufficient proof of this will be found in the following sample : " There never was a time in which it more behoved the clergy to remove from Christianity all the mysticism. which has so long impeded its progress. Never, until this is done, will it give a moral tone to the character, or influence the sympathies, of the great mass of the people. Religion must be made a matter of feeling, not of disputation. Let it be taught in its simplicity, and it will make its way to the conscience and the heart. It is only the fountain of living water that can purity either the one or the other. "There is a scepticism gaining ground which nothing but truth will convince, an active spirit of inquiry for which nothing but truth will find employment. The real queition, as it relates to important public interests, is, not whether this or that opinion shall prevail, but whether the Church will make a progress in belief and in discipline, which, by making her a copious source of wholesome and interesting knowledge, will restore to her that influence over the great body of the people, which is equally necessary for her own safety and for their enlightenment. Let her not be satisfied with remain ing—what she has so long remained—a fountain flow ing one day in seven; but a perennial stream issuing from the well-spring of Divine Wisdom, and finding its way wherever crime, and ignorance, and infidelity is to be found." The following observations, coupled with the elegant and enlightened spirit of the criticism which precedes them, will not fail to arrest the attention of the reader, whether lay or clerical : "It is said by the celebrated Cardinal de Retz, in his Memoirs, that a party is like a serpent, the tail pushes on the head:' the truth of this is evidenced by all that n t T u r h y o y ago ; w h is going on around us. The conditi on o f t h e wor ld i s , wha o t f it it w s changing: the character of the Engli s h nat i on i s 'not nor is the charac ter o were sent to re form the world have forgotten their m i ss i on . Th ose acsl e vengy the h aif a same. c e who should cure the malady of dissent, spread the in fection. When , we look at the mass of ecclesiastical machinery, and consider the vast expense to the country at which that machinery is kept in motion, it is sad to see that the chief product of its manufacture of late has been heresy and schism. This comes of attempting to put new wine into old bottles, an act manifesting, at this juncture, a great want of wisdom. " Why was not the ordinance of baptism permitted to rest on the ground of positive institution? It was clear from the first to all thinking men, that to draw it into popular discussion as a question on which our salvation depended was in every way dangerous. THERE IS NOTHING VITAL TO SALVATION BUT HOLINESS OF LIFE. Be this truth ever remembered, for its import is eternal. Our Churchmen, loaded as they are with the learning of both Universities, are not the deepest of thinkers. There are minds,' says Lord Bacon, ' like milk, which will only bear one skimming.' Minds of this stamp are abundant everywhere, and the Church holds its portion of them, a fact but too visible amid the dust and ferment raised by the question of baptismal regeneration. Bap tista is not of Gospel origin. It was a religious rite practised by the Mexicans in ages long anterior to the introduction of Christianity. In their form of baptism, the head and lips of the infant were touched with water, and a name was given to it; while the goddess Cioa coatel, who presided over childbirth, was implored ' that the sin which was given to us before the foutida tion of the 'world might be washed away, and that, cleansed by these holy drops of water, it might live and be born anew l'* " Other extraordinary coincidences are to be found which plainly prove the Pagan origin of many practices common to the Catholic and to our Protestant Church. 'lt is remarkable,' says Mr. Prescott, that the Mexi cans administered the rites of confession and absolution. The secrets of the confessional -were held inviolable, and penances were imposed of much the same nature as those enjoined by.the Roman Catholic Church. There were two remarkable peculiarities of the Aztec cere mony. The first was, that the repetition of an offence 'once atoned for , was deemed inexpiable: Confession was made but once in a man's lira, and was usually deferred to a late period of it, when the penitent unburthened his conscience, and settled at once his long arrears of ini quity. Another peculiarity was, that priestly absolu tion was received in place of the legal punishment of offences, and authorised an acquital in case of arrest.'t " This must have proved a most abundant source of revenue to the priesthood. It has ever been a very pro ductive item in the Catholic budget of ways and means, as the profits of the confessional can testify. " We have, in this our United Empire, a State-Church maintained at a cost of ten million tiyoar—an enormous and most unproductive outlay. And this mainly for the perpetuation of articles, the belief of which was made imperative when Popery was in its meridian ; doc trines which contribute nothing to the enlightenment of tho ignorant, or to the reformation of the vicious; which beget doubt in minds into which, without them, doubt never would have entered; doctrines well enough suited to the era in which they were framed, but a fruitful source of sectarianism in this reasoning and in- quiring age. " In England the days of priestly dictatOrship have gone by. They have passed away, never to return. At - no time did they ever avail " To keep expiring honesty alive,' which can only be done, if it can be done at all, by preaching the truths of Christianity in their primitive and vital energy, a duty but ill discharged by the members of a divided household. Faction has found its way into the Temple destined to the worship of Heaven, and has stirred up a most unseemly and dangerous mu tiny. When religion is made a trade, it is not sur prising that there should be a strike among the work men. The patrons of all the richest and most coveted of the church-livings are in the hands not of the apos• tolic, but of the aristocratic; not of the Lord's anointed, but the anointed of the Prime Minister. The elect of Downing-street, who reckon time by a holy week of their own— " The week, in which six days are kindly given To think of earth, and one to think of Heaven.' They it is that rule in the ecclesiastical realm; they it is who appoint whatever pastors and masters it shall please them to put in authority over us. It is from this wealthy conclave that they receive their apostleship. Thus appointed, they become the sole depositories of re ligious light, and must be reverenced accordingly." The great aim of the writer is directed to the pursuit of truth, and he strews so many flowers along the road, that we delight to travel with him. He sifts prosy. He throws out su ggest i ons so s t r iki ng th at I but is never dull, never his subject to the bottom they force the reader to think, while they make him always better for his thoughtfulness. The low price at which they are published is purposely intended to put them within the reach of all classes. They may be ranked among first-rate productions. Though written anonymously, we believe it is no secret that Mr. Sedgwick, the ex-Chairman of the sthteamwprißteroaird.s History of the Conquest of Mexico. f Ibid. Every man ought to aim at eminence, not by pull ing others down, but by raising himself; and enjoy the pleasure of his own superiority, whether imaginary or real, without interrupting others in the same felicity.—Eliza Cook's Journal. Two YEARS' ADVENTURES IN UPPER AND LOWER CALIFORNIA (IN 1848-9), wfyir 23 PLATES, By W. R. RYAN, .Esq.—" The interest which attaches to all informa tion coming from the regions of the n ewly-discovered gold districts of California will be considerably heightened by the perusal of these volunies. Mr. Ryan here gives. in plain and unvarnished language, his own experience after indetati gable research, and opens u p inform ation which has been not attempt e universally desired, g i ve a n outline, or an analysis , of the many interesting facts which he ha s recorded, as such an imper fect sketch as our own would infallibl y be would be unjust t but never previously impa r t e d. W e w ill to that gentleman. The perusal of his book will so fully re pay the reader, that we would rather refer to its pages than attempt to give any elucidation of their contents; and we a th re at m t u h c e i h n m te i r s e ta st k i e n n g if e the ce n ntgenerals ins not to the effect, certain recommendation than any e n comiums which a critic can bestow."—Bell's ,M e ssenger. GENERAL PEPE'S NEWORK.-.A aw hwhich it opinioncen contains are far a more a W narrative of the late events in Italy, from 1847 to 1850, including the Siege of Venice, by Lieut.-General P9e, commander-in chief of the army of Expedition of Naples, and of the Forces of the Venetian Republic, has just appeared. We predict (says the Standard) that posterity will accept General Pepe as the historian of the great Italian movement of the nineteenth century. His book is written, no doubt, in a revolutionary spirit, but it is a generous and honest revo lutionary spirit, which prompts him to do justice to oppo nents, though not always upon allies. For example, he ex tenuates the crimes of Charles Albert and the follies of Pio .Nino. In other respects, General Pepe's work is worthy of all commendation. His style is animated and graphic, and the immense mass of matter which his two volumes present (nothing less than the two events of the two years of war, universal in Italy and Sicily) is arranged without the least confusion, while the more interesting occurrences, such as battles, sieges, negotiations, &c., are described with a mi nuteness sufficient to satisfy the most curious military or diplomatic reader. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS OP THE WEEK.—This day—Entomological, 8 P. At. ; Chemical, 8 P.M. To-morrow—Linnosan, 8 P.M* W edne sday—Geological (Mr. Darwin on "Fossil Lepapldre ;" Mr. Weston on "The Diluvium of the Neighbourhood of Bath ;" Rev. H. M. de la Condemine on " The Tertiary Strata of Blackheath"), 8i P.M.; Archaeological Association (Council), 4 P.M. ; United Service. Institution (Major Adams on " Fortification ; Attack and Defence"), 3 P.M. ; Royal Botanic , 31 p.m. Thursday —Royal Zoological (Election of Fellows), 3 P.M. ; Anti quaries, 8 P.m. Friday—Royal Institution (Mr. Faraday on "Certain Conditions of Freezing Water"), 8 p.m . ; Botanical, 8 P.M. Saturday--Horticultural (Exhibition at the Garden).—Literary Gazette, OUDE. We have received some information relative to the unfortunate issue of an attack upon the fort of Bettiah, in the Oude district. It appears that the country (when within the memory of living man was it otherwise?) is in a disturbed state—at least so we judge from the fol lowing facts. At present wo can do no more than men tion the circumstances, reserving our comment for the next issue of the Indian Times: — "On the 22d ult. a detachment, consisting of wing of the Ist Local Infantry of Oude, attended by an artillery detachment, consisting of one 9• pounder and a 24-pounder howitzer of the battery of the 2d company Golundauze Battalion, was dispatched on special service into the district. The Artillery complement was, 1 se cord lieutenant, 1 jemadar, 2 havildars, 2 naicks, 24 privates, 2 sirdars, and 22 drivers. Whether this body has been lost in the woods, or what it is about, no one can tell, as the station authorities have not been favoured with any communication. On the night of the 27th ult. a second detachment—wing of the 10th Regiment N. 1., with Artillery detachment of two 9-pounders, accom panied by a jemadar, 1 havildar, 1 naick, 20 privates, I sirdar, and 20 drivers—were send in another direction to Bettiah, on which place an attack was made on the 29th, when 10 of the Golundauze were wounded and one of the guns abandoned. The enemy evacuated the fort during the night, and the gun was recovered in the morning. On the night of the Ist inst. another 9• pounder was detached, manned by a naick and 12 pri vates, with a complement of ammunition and 24 rounds extra." It seems, from what we are able to glean, that on arriving at the gate the party found themselves in front of the citadel, which is described as being loopholed throughout, and in such manner as to admit of a con centrated fire on the spot where the assailants had gathered. No entrance was perceptible, but in the hope a breach might be made in the wall, a nine-pounder was run up and commenced its fire. The other gun was ordered up to . support, but, owing to some mismanage ment, not more than five pounds could be fired (and these the artillerymen carried in their hands), as, from an un explained cause, the tumbril could not advance. A cry of ammunition failing arose, and a general panic ensued. Before quitting the spot, the men were urged, by all means of persuasion, to drag off the gun, but the fire upon them ' was so severe that none would attempt it. The artillerymen were almost all wounded, and five bullocks were hurt. . Such is the account before us a little confused in the detail, as being written, probably, on the spur of the moment. We look, however, for further advice, and shall have a word or two to say on this evident contra vention cf orders prescribing the use of single guns, as well as on the general character cf the unfortunate affair.—lndian Times, April 11. THE YUNJAUB. We have several communications from Peshawar. Our latest is dated the 6th of April. The communica tion between Peshawar and Lahore is evidently improv ing. We lately mentioned that the Afreedie chiefs of the Pass bad gore it.to Peshawar to make their salaam. We are glad to It am that their overtures have not been accepted; it is added that no negotiations will be entered into with them until the views of the Governor-General regarding the murder of Dr. Healey have been received. When taxed with this atrocity, they professed at first ignorance and then great unconcern, remarking that they had heard a Saheb was out shooting, and that he had been. murdered. Besides being stirred up by Dereea Khan (salt has very little, if anything, to do with their rebellion, notwithstanding the assertions of a Contem porary), it has been ascertained, at least a correspondent who is close enough behind the curtain to know what is going - en says so, that the Afreedies have.been recently induced to rise by the rnschinafons of Peshawur re fugees from Kabul and Jellakbad. SIR CHARLES NAPIER.—We regret to learn that Sir Charles Napier lift Lahore very unwell ou Tuesday morning. The fatigues of his march, to and from Pe shawur, must have been considerable, and may have told even on his constitution. The Commander-in- Chief mentioned to more than one person, during his stay at Lahore, that he positively intended to return to England in October.—Lahore Chronicle of March 30. COMMERCIAL INTELLIGENC.E STATE OF THE BOMBAY MARKETS. FROM THE 16TH TO THE 30th APRIL INCLUSIVE. BOMBAY, APBIL 30. Money is very abundant, and will be rendered more so when the Feroze arrives from Calcutta. She has 25 lakhs of rupees on board for different parties here. There is but little demand for accommodation, and we • hear the banks arc doing next to nothing in discounts. Government securities have not been i❑ much request, —owing, we presume, to the report of the five per cent. loan being about to be closed having vanished. There is some talk now of a 41 per cent. loan being opened. Our Share Market has not been very active. Some little business has been done in orientals and commercials at our quota tions, but Bombay bank shares are still very dull. Agras are in request, but none for sale. Great Indian Peninsula Railway Shares seem to have suffered from the agitation now going on in favour of having a line to Poona instead of the one already surveyed to Catnap. We believe, however, that there is very little chance of the former being carried out: at all events we hope, for the sake of shareholders in the present line, that it may not. We understand sales of the shares in question have been made at 30 to 40 per cent. discount. We have scarcely any alteration to report in the state of the import market during the past fortnight, and as formerly mentioned it continues dull. Manchester goods of the beat descriptions have alone commanded a trifling advance in price. During the last few days several vessels with supplies have arrived from Liverpool. The export market also, from the great scarcity of produce, continues without animation. Cotton has advanced in price since the departure of the last mail, mainly in con sequence of the deficiency of supply. Freights continue low, and there appears little pro spect of their improving for some time. Engagements have been made to London at 21. 10s. for small parcels, but nothing like that can be obtained for any quantity of cargo; while to Liverpool consignees are willing to take 11. 17s. 6d. to 21. per ton. We quote the rate to China at rr. 10i per candy. Exchange on England has been rather unsteady. The rate opened at 2s. Oid. for six months' sight paper, but has since declined to Is. Hid. to Is. 11 15-16 d. On Calcutta the rates have been firm, at about rs. 99 per rs. 100 60 days' sight, rs. 99i 30 days, and 99i for sight bills. On China we quote rs. 2.10 f at rs. 211 for 100 dollars as the rate. CALCUTTA. (From the Bengal Hurkaru of April 20.) No event of social or political importance has oc curred to ruffle the quiet current of the time during the last fortnight. The Governor-General left the Presidency on the 15th inst. on his return to Simla. The Commander in-Chief is gradually nearing the same destination, visiting the various military stations of the Jullunder Doab on his way. The Indian Government has authorised the forma- tion of an experimental line of electric telegraph, from Calcutta to Hooghly, a distance of about 25 Moolraj, " the victim of circumstances," together with the rebel Bhaee Maharaj Singh, arrived here on the 18th instant, and were lodged in Fort William yesterday morning. The ex-chief of Moult= will, it is believed, be allowed to remain here confined to the fort, where comfortable quarters have been as signed to him, but the Bhaee and his faithful disciple Kuprauk Singh, are to'be transported to the Straits of Malacca. The produce and import markets are reported dull. Little has been done in exchange, which is now quoted at 2s. Old. to 2s. O'd. The mail of the 7th March arrived per Bombay Express on the morning of the 17th instant. COMMERCIAL REPORT. The Bombay Express arrived on the 17th inst., bring ing London dates to the 7th March. There is nothicg in the news by the mail to enliven business here. The accounts of the home produce mar kets are of a discouraging nature. The continued de pression in the sugar trade is extremely disheartening. Considerable dulness has prevailed here during the past fortnight. In export?, with but few exceptions, little business is in progress. Prices have a lowering tendency, and stocks are on the increase. Prices of sugar are again lower, the date sorts being now fully one rupee per maund under the opening rates of the season. Silk is in good demand, and any parcels on sale bring full prices. Corahs are large in stock, and ordinary qualities are again lower. The supply of salt petre has increased, and prices are more moderate. In rice there is little doing—shipments of jute are now on a more moderate scale. A little linseed is going to Eng land, while mustard and some (Aber oilseeds continue in good demand, and afford employment for the foreign vessels now resorting to the port. Lac dye is of ready sale, and full prices, and shell lac has gone forward largely of late. A further decline has taken place in the value of copper, and the demand is small. Spelter is down also, and the stock is largo. Iron still sells at low prices, though a little higher than of late. The import trade is in no respect improved, markets being duller, and prices for the most part rather lower than before. Demand is of a very moderate nature, as it usually is about this season of the year. In Lancashire cottons the business in progress is small, and prices are with difficulty supported. In common white skirtings and jacconets a further decline may be quoted, nor can sales of most goods be effected to any extent. _ _ Glasgow Light Goods being small in stock are better maintained in value, but the season for many of these fabrics is now drawing t 3 a close. Mule Twist is also duller of sale, and N. 40 must be quoted rather lower, while transactions in all are of a very moderate nature. At the sixth opium sale on the 15th instant, the ave rages were Patna rs. 1011 14 2 ; Benares rs. 1015 12 3. After the sale the market was dull, and Patna 1005 rs., but prices are now rather higher, being quoted rs. 1018. The last dates from China are to the 15th ult. per Arra toon Apcar. The transactions in Exchange for the mail are small, and since the mail arrived buyers look for a better rate. Quotations are now somewhat nominal. First class 6 m. s. Credit Bills 2s. old. to 23. op. per rupee. Ditto Document 2s. Oid. to 2s. Oid. Freights to London are maintained, no great amount of tonnage being available. For sugar to London 41. 7s. 6d„ and to Liverpool 41. Indigo—Transactions are confined to one small public sale, at which the demand was languid. The weather in Jessore has continued favourable for the young plant, further showers enabling sowings to be well advanced. In Kishnaghur, the planters are in want of rain, and in Bhagulpore and Purneall, where none has fallen, the continuance of drought is severely felt. From Tirhoot accounts have on the whole been less favourable than before. EGYPT. ALEXANDRIA, MAY 23.—Commercial matters are brisker than they have been for some time past, owing to the intelligence received by last mail from England of an advance in cotton and cereal produce generally. There is every reason to calculate on im proved prices for grain, as a demand has sprung up in Algeria, whither considerable shipments have been made. Exchanges have advanced to 97i piastres per pound sterling for usance bills on London, and is like/y, as the stock of specie increases, to experience a further improvement. The amount of British tonnage in port is very small indeed, but the fact of numerous high-classed foreign bottoms offering for England will have a tendency to check any considerable enhance ment of the rates of freight, which are now for cotton to 9-16 per lb., and for grain, &c., 5s 6d to 6s per quarter.—Herald. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Six,—O wing to my absence from England, I have only just seen your paper of the 25th ult. In your lite rary article of that day there is a review of a book called " Evenings at Sea," of which it is supposed that I am the author. It is not the first time that the works of others have been criticized as mine ; and if your critic had noticed this work in the same spirit as the Spectator criticized a former one, I should not have troubled you with this communication. The high praise which is de servedly bestowed in your paper on " Evenings at Sea," renders it incumbent on me to disclaim i ts authorship. I never saw the work until I read its eloquent and instruc tive pages in print. I am, Sir, your most obedient servant, ELIOT WARBURTON. LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY.—The steam-ship Canada, Captain Hanson, sailed for Halifax and Boston to-day. She had 60 passengers, and the usual mails for Canada and the United States. The Niagara, from New York, is expected to reach the Mersey on Monday. RusslA.—The General Steam Navigation Company having placed their fine steam-ship Trident on the London and St. Petersburgh trade, that vessel left the river 1 hames late on Saturday night, with a full cargo, consisting pruici. cipally of indigo, and a large number of passengers. Among the latter was Mr. Buchanan, the Secretary of Legation at the British Embassy at the Russian capital, several gentle men bound on a fishing excursion to the coast of Norway, and a fair sprinkling of ladies. The Trident will regularly ply between England and Russia during the summer, calling at Copenhagen on her outward and homeward voyage; and on this, her first trip, she had on board some waggon loads of bullion, stated to be of the value of 120,0001. Pride, pt e irse-pride, is the besetting sin of England, and, like most other sins, brings its own punishment, by converting existence into a struggle, and environing it with gloom and despondency. Elizu Cook's Journal. SOUTH DEVON RAILWAY. — The directors of this company have just hit upon a new plan of issuing monthly order-books for the first and second class, which we think very likely largely to promote intermediate traffic. In the summer months, at least, many men of business may feel disposed to avail themselves of these monthly tickets, and send their families to Ivybridge, Torquay, or other places, which will be now accessible to them at a discount of from 40 to 50 per cent. below the regular charges. This plan cannot be too extensively known. It will, doubtless, prove a great bless ing to all the towns' on the line of railway, and tend much to promote further trafac.--Plymouth Journal. Tr MONDAY EVENING, JUN., LITERATURE. ANALYSIS OF THE DIVISION ON SIR E. BUXTON'S MOTION. (From the Morning Herald.) PRESENT. 234 Ayes 2 Tellers 13 Pairs 275 Noea 2 Tellers 13 Pairs 249 Total 290 Total PAIRS. FOR. AGAINST. Bernard, Viscount Fitzpatrick, Right Hon. J. Chandos, Marquis Paget, Lord C. Denison, E. B. Aglionby, H. Farrer, James Philips, Sir G. Gore, W. 0. Roebuck, Arthur Grogan, Edward Rice, Edward Henley, J. W. Loveden, Pryse Herries, Right Hon. J. C. Horsman, F. Hodgson, W. N. Howard, P. Houltlsworth, T. Cowan, Charles Jolliffe, Sir W. Osborne, B. Rendlesham, Lord Seymour, Sir H. Smyth, J. G. Clements, Hon. C. WHIGS WHO VOTED FOR SIR E. BUXTON'S MOTION. Berkeley, Hon. G. Pugh, David Dunne, Colonel Sullivan, Michael Ililnes, R. M. Talbot, C. R. Moore, G. H. Thompson, Colonel Nugent, Lord Towneley, Richard O'Connor, Feargus Wyvil), Marmaduke MEMBERS OF SIR R. PEEL'S LATE PARTY WHO VOTED FOR THE MOTION. Bowles, Admiral Masterman, John Cardwell, Edward Mure, Colonel Clive, Hon. R. Oswald, Alexander Corry, Right Hon. H. Pakington, Sir J. Darner, Hon. Colonel Peel, Colonel Drummond, H. Home Pennant, Hon. Colonel Gladstone, Right Hon. W. Sandars, Joseph Goulburn, Right Hon. H. Smyth, Hon. G. Greene, Thomas Smollett, Alexander Herbert, Right Hon. S. Thesiger, Sir F. Lindsay, Hon. Colonel Villiers, Viscount Lockhart, A6 . E. Wegg-Prosser, F. Mahon, Lord West, Frederick PROTECTIONISTS ABSENT. Alford, Viscount (abroad ill) Frewen, C. IL Arkwright, George Greenall, Gilbert Bailey, J., jun. (ill) Hope, Sir John Baring Thomas (domestic Hughes, W. B. affliction) Inglis, Sir R. H. (ill) Baring, Hon. F. Knight, F. W. Bell, Matthew Lacy, Henry Bennett, John Legh, G. C.' Blackstone, W. S. Leslie, C. P. Brackley, Viscount (ill) Lopes, Sir R. (ill) Bruen, Colonel Macnaghten, Sir E. Castlereagh, Viscount Mundy, William Cochrane, Alexander Newry, Viscount Compton, H. S. (domestic (Nsulston, Lord affliction) Pigot, Sir R. ' Dod, J. W. Powell, Colonel (ill) Dodd, George Renton, J. C. Duncuft, John Robinson, G. R. (ill) Egerton, Sir P. Seaham, Viscount (ill) Egerton, W. T. Spooner, R. (ill) Filmer, Sir E. Wynn, Sir W. W. • MEMBERS OF SIR R. FEEL'S LATE PARTY ABSENT. Ashley, Lord . Hervey, Lord A. Beckett, William Jermyn, Lord Baring, Henry Jocelyn, Lord Bruce, Lord E. Ker, Richard Clerk, Sir G. M'Neill, Duncan Copeland, Alderman Patten, J. W. Douro, Marquis W hitmore, T. Fitzroy, Hon. H. Wortley, Right Hon. S. Hayes, Sir E. PROTECTIONISTS WHO SUPPORTED GOVERNMENT. Cubitt, William ell, neage, G. I W. Turner, G. J. SIR R. PEEL'S FOLLOWERS. Boyd, John Martin, C. W. Charteris, Hon. F. P a l mer , Roundell Douglas, Sir C. Peel, Frederick Estcourt, E. B. Sutton, J. M. Graham, Right Hon. Sir J. Tollemache, Hon. F. Hogg, Sir J. W. Wellesley, Lord C. Lewis, Mir F. Young, Sir J. UNIVERSITY REFORM. TO HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. Grafton-street, May 24. My dear Duke,—l have read with much interest your correspondence relating to the proposed University Com mission. This interest is owing partly to the course of inquiry in which I was for so many years engaged in both Houses of Parliament, and as bead of a Commission of Inquiry, partly to the accidental circumstance of being myself the bead of a college which possesses very con• siderable endowments. I have studied with great attention the two protests of Oxford and Cambridge, and I agree in general with the reasoning of both those admirable papers. My opinion is very decidedly adverse to any inquiry of the kind in contemplation; and I felt so strongly the inexpediency of such a proceeding, that I supported the exemption of the universities and colleges from the jurisdiction of the Commissioners appointed first by the 58 George 91, and afterwards by the 59 George 111., c.. 81. When I was a minister of the Crown in 1831 and the Commis sion was renewed, the exemption of institutions having special visitors was removed, but the universities and colleges were still exempted (1 and 2 William IV., c. 34). There appear to me even stronger reasons against a commission without power to compel attendance and answers of witnesses and production of documents, than against a commission armed by Parliament with such powers. The commission acting by voluntary deposi tions can have no efficacy; it can only rely on such in formation as private interest, or personal prejudice —or, peradventure, spleen —may induce persons to give. It cannot avoid doing injustice to parties accused, because those must remain unheard unless they choose to submit themselves and undergo a full examination; so that parties vvill be placed in the predicament of either being compelled to give evidence respecting themselves and their concerns or being condemned unheard; and thie, under commissioners professing only to exercise a voluntary jurisdiction. Moreover, parties so situated may in many cases be unable to make the statements and disclosures necessary for their defence; because the commission can give no proteetian to them in telling that which it cannot compel them to toll, and which, nevertheless, it may be their duty not to tell. I need hardly arid that it seems somewhat inconsistent with the dignity of the Crown to issue a commission to which no one person in the world needs pay the least attention. I cannot but fear the inevitable tendency of this com mission to obstruct all the good work of improvement now going on safely because voluntarily, and steadily because uninterruptedly, in both our Universities. The subject is a delicate one, and I am very far from saying that much useful addition has not recently been made to the course of studies pursued in both. Yet lam apt to believe that great caution is also required in meddling with a long established course of study. Thus, at Cam bridge, it seems of incalculable use to teach the severer sciences, I mean the mathematics, in all their branches, both fur their own sake, and also as the best mode of disciplining the mind to reasoning and to habits of close attention, of all others the most difficult to acquire as well as the most valuable when possessed. That this most wholesome discipline has none of the tendency, sometimes ascribed to it by ignorant and unreflecting persons, of unfitting persons for the pursuits of active life, is plain from daily experience 'of its prac tical results. I have seldom known our bench without several judges who had taken the highest mathematical honours ; at this time there are three Puisno Judges and two chiefs who were senior wranglers, beside three others who took high mathematical honours. I earnestly hope that nothing will be attempted that can so far interfere with these pursuits, and disperse (as it were) the studious youth's attention by carrying it over a variety of less strict and severe, and for that reason less for bidding, studies; and I own that I have seen with some alarm a tendency of late to import from foreign countries more easy and popular branches of education, and other methods than those for which Cambridge has long been renowned. With respect to London College I speak without any authority from our Council, at the same time I should as a lawyer pos itively object to any such inquiry being instituted; and I should resist to the uttermost all inter ference with our course of study, or our discipline, or our bye-laws, which we make, and validly make, by virtue of our charter, our only lawful visitor being the Court of King's Bench. I also consider that our dis posal of our funds, which are chiefly by endowments, is beyond the power of any Crown Commission, or of the Crown itself; it can only be interfered with by an Act of Parliament, and even such interference would be an act of force, lawful indeed, but still force. I need not remind your Grace that in all I have said upon the proposed intermeddling with our Universities and colleges I have had in view the peculiar circum stances of those illustrious bodies, and that to them my observations are strictly confined. The foundations, however, of the inferior schools and other bodies which owe their existence to the bounty, sometimes of Sove reigns, sometimes of pious and benevolent individuals, stand in another predicament. The entire difference of these foundations in all material respects renders my re marks totally inapplicable to their case. Among many other diversities, I need only mention the kind of per sons in whom the trusts have in so many case s come to be vested. I may also note the undeniable fact that without legislative aid, the most desirable, I may say the most necessary steps cannot be taken for enabling trustees and governors and visitors to make a rational application of the funds vested in them ; and b th iag at in w in capacities, while in others those duties and are . himohanyp r instances even t ties o f importanceinotives had from being discharged under cover o f restraint a neglected without even that p retence. If, indeed, should appear that enabling st atutes are required for the universities and colleges—to statutes only arming them with powers which they do not now possess, or remov ing restraints under wh ich the y now labour, no one could raise the least objection , p r o vide d always that no needless infraction of the wills of founders and benetac tors is authorised. I must before closing this letter advert to one circum stance, carefully to be kept in view, more especially in dealing with the case of such institutions as the one I have the honour of presiding over. Much, in the case of these bodies, of necessity, depends on voluntary as sistance of benevolent public spirited individuals. We have received from one 25,0001., from another a larger sum. Nay, but yesterda y , when a meeti ng was h o ld en to promote a subcription in aid of our hospital (rendered needful by the prevalence of the disease which afflicted London last autumn) one most bene volent and most generous person, a r e v. c lergyman of our Established Church, gave us a munificent donation of one thousand pounds. All those parties have a full confidence in the persons who manage our concerns; I have not the least right to suppose that this confidence would be extended to persons no longer independent, but subject to foreign meddli ng an d con t ro l. I am myself individually a trustee for considerable sums, amounting, I believe, to above 5,0004, seat by a gene- 1850. rous individual, who has never revealed to us his name. I am directed to follow my own course in applying these most liberal gifts. How can I suffer any interference with a trust thus reposed in me? But, also, how can I be sure that such a trust ever would have been reposed in me, or that others will follow the Patriot's example (by this name alone is he known to us), and confide in others with whom Commissioners and statutes may at any moment interpose, when I perceive that not even my colleagues of the Council are thus confided in? I am, with the greatest affection and respect, My dear Duke, yours most faithfully, H. BROUGHAM. (From the 7 imes.) To those who have noticed Lord Brougham's singular ambition to do the greatest possible violence to the prin ciples of his life, it will be no matter of surprise that he has rushed to the rescue of Oxford and Cambridge against the Royal Commission. The perils of Alma Mate ;have roused to her aid that most errant of knights, who displays on this occasion the same capricious sort of tenderness that a Robin Hood would occasionally show for the rights of property, or a lawless Baron for the dignity cf a captive Princess. It is difficult to imagine any one more incapacitated for undertaking the case of the Universities than the man who, as it in remem brance of his youthful achievemements, still signs him self "H. Brougham." As those achievements could net fail to recur to the youngest memory, his Lordship has thought it best to quote them all boldly, and convert them by his peculiar alchemy into arguments against University reform. Lord Brougham, as he re minds the public in his letter to the Duke, has conducted a series cf inquiries, almost up to the very threshold of the Universities. There, hoe ever, he stopped, and he now claims credit for a forbearance, for which he gently hints the Universities have to thank him, and to thank him all the more because they stood on precisely the same footing as many other subjects of those inquiries. " H. Brougham " is also President of University College, which is generally supposed to have been founded fur the express purpose of supplying a better, a cheaper, a more useful, and more available education than Oxford and Cambridge. Whether his Lordship has himself ever given countenance to that view we leave to the recollec tions of those who have attended any one of the annual celebrations of that college, and heard his Lordship's re marks on its position and prospects. His most ordinary and most fertile topic on these occasions is the excessive folly and vulgarity of London citizens, who prefer making one son a gentleman at Oxford or Cambridge to giving all their sons a useful education at the Uni versity College, at a less total expense. If " the great est happiness of the greatest number" is the maxim of Paley or of Bentham, then assuredly Lrod Brougham has left to posterity " the best education of the greatest number." Such is the man who now comes forward to protect the old Universities from the painful necessity of eclarging their studies, or multiplying their students. It is * 4 the schoolmaster abroad" who defends Univer sity independence and college monopoly. His Lordship insinuates some very grave doubts as to the fairness of a Commission acting by voluntary depositions, and its compatibleness with the dignity of the Crown. When a man of uncommon ingenuity is anxious to discover the possible evils of a course which he has a reason for ob jecting to, he vary seldom fails. In the present instance it is not very necessary to follow Lord Brougham through all the inconveniences, unfairnesses, and indignities his strong sense of justice and loyalty has suggested, because if they apply to one Royal Commission, they apply to Royal Commissions altogether. His Lordship is so extremely, so transcen dentally loyal, that he would deny her Majesty a vulgar but useful privilege possessed by every one of her subjects, down to the smallest and dirtiest crossing sweeper,—the privilege of asking a civil question. If " a cat may look at a king," surely a king may look at a cat. But why has Lord Brougham only just now found out that a 'royal Commission of Inquiry is undig nified and unfair? Some years since there was a Royal Commission of Inquiry into the revenues of the Church; in other words, the Sovereign asked all the bishops, deans, canons, archdeacons, and other clergy, the value of their livings, and other particulars; and to this day the Earl of Guilford, with some other clergymen, has refused to reply. A little before that there was a Royal Commission of Inquiry into th© administration and operation of the poor-laws, which, as it happened, pro duced a report of exactly that one-sided character which Lord Brougham appears to apprehend in this instance— a report which was one continued satire on magis trates, parish vestries, workhouses, and paupers, and yet vie do not remember that Lord Brougham, who, as Lord Chancellor, was ministerially con cerned in that Commission, ever detected the un fairness of its working. As these objections apply to all Royal Commissions of Inquiry, the question now started is a very wide one, but one, it is obvious, which ought not to be mooted under peculiar and prejudicial circumstances. If his Lordship has taken up a position out of himself; and at utter variance with his own his- tory and position, he betrays an equal incongruity with regard to the Noble Duke the Chancellor of the Uni versity of Oxford. " Thus, at Cambridge," he says, "it seems of incalculable use to teach the severer sciences, I mean mathematics, in all the branches, both for their own sake, and also as the best mode of disciplining the mind to reasoning, and to habits of close attention." This is addressed to the head of a University where ma thematics still occupy a very subordinate place, and are very rarely considered in the election of a fellow, or for any other purpose. The only bearing the remark has to Oxford is, that Oxford ought to turn over a new leaf in her mathematics. As Cambridge has very much modified the rigour of her mathematical course, and is every year enlarging the circle of her ' studies a fact which his Lordship has noticed with alarm—it is difficult to say whether his remarks on the incalculable utility of mathematic- , , as the best intel lectual discipline, are to be regarded as a compliment or as a reproor. His Lordship professes extreme anxiety not to " disperse, as it were, the studious youth's atten tion, by carrying it over a variety of less strict, Jess se • vere, and for that reason less forbidding studies;" and he owns thaz, he has seen " with some alarm a tendency of late to import from foreign countries more easy and popular branches of education." With this wholesome preference for the sound and severe, it is a pity that the President of University College has not given the world an actual specimen of his meaning. We the more regret this because there is a great deal of truth in these re marks. The student has not only to acquire early in life the elements of various sciences and accomplish ments, but in one or two branches he ought to be exer cised with peculiar severity, as a mental discipline, and a field of competition. Perhaps the particular subject is of less consequence. A man who learns any one thing thoroughly will have acquired a power of universal ap plication. If a young man beats five hundred competi tors in a curriculus of cookery, entomology, and as trology, though ho may never have occasion again to use those particular accomplishments, we have no doubt that if he takes to the law, he will stand a good chance of becoming a Lord Chancellor or a Puisne Judge. The question of legislative interference is one which Lcrd Brougham himself has long since helped the nation to settle. He says very truly, " such inter ference would be an act of force—lawful force, but still force." Why, any Act of Parliament is an act of force. A railway Act takes your house from you, if you like it ever so much. A highway Act forces you to pay sixpence every time you drive along a road where your father went free. The Municipal Reform Act destroyed by force all the corporations of this country, except the one whose splendid hospitalities are fortunately within reach of her Majesty's Ministers, the Government offices, and the two Houses of Parliament. Our recent ecclesiastical Acts have suppressed by force ten Irish bishoprics, and cut down the incomes of our English Bishops, besides many other serious changes. Lord Brougham's own Charity Reforms were acts of force, and in our opinion a good deal more force may be ap plied in that direction with very great advantage. Ilia Lordship alleges a difference of degree. " Thus far shalt thou come," he se) s to the tide of reform, ‘. and no further." Speaking of it,ferior schools and other bodies, whether of private or royal foun dation, Le says " The entire difference of these foundations in all material respects ren ders my remarks totally inapplicable to their case. Among many other diversities I need only men tion the kind of persons in whom the trusts have in so many cases come to be invested. I may also note the undeniable fact that without legislative aid, the, most de sirable, I may say the most necessary, steps cannot be taken for enabling trustees and governors and visitors to make a rational application of the funds vested in them; and that in many instances interested motives had a bias which prevents duties of importance from being discharged under cover of restraint and incapaei ties, while in others tho se duties; are neglected without even that pretence." Very good. Matters of degree are matters for inquiry. Let us see whether the case of the Universities and of all the other foundations in the country are so entirely different. The Premier proposes to ask the very questions here suggested; whether the w ill is wanted for necessary reforms. Another interest ing letter, from " Oxoniensis," throws some light on these points, and also on the question whether the Crown is so tar exceeding its ancient province in visiting the Universities. That subject, however, we must leave for another occasion. EXTENSIVE FIRE THIS DAT AT THE EAST LO DoN WATERWORKS.—Just after daybreak this morning__ the engineering departments of the East LondonlN aterworks Company at Bow were placed in great jeopardyildn outbreak of fire in the upper part of the building. Ina fromna short e time three engines were in attendance under direction s of rt Mr. Fogo, the brigade foreman of the A district. Water, of course, was abundantly procured on this occasion, and in two hours the fire was extinguished, after considerable damage. The firemen prevented any serious damageto the machinery. IRISH RAlLWAYS.—Gov ernmen t h as d eterm i ne d on giving further aid to the construction of Irish railways. The Exchequer Loan Commissioners intimated on Friday to the directors of the Belfast Junction Company that they intend advancing them, on the security of the line, at 5 per cent. interest, 100,000/., and an additional 15,000/. or 20,0001., should it be required, for the purpose of constructing the suggetited bridge over the River Boyne. An influential de putation, consisting of several Members of Parliament and 1 other gentlemen interested in the prosperity of the Dublin and Drogheda Railway, waited on the Chancellor of the Exchequer last Friday, for the purpose of asking him to re duce the rate of interest from 5 to 4 per cent. on the sum of 105,004. advanced by the Government to that companv at their solicitation. Sir Charles Wood peremptorily declined acceding to their request, and intimated to the deputationists that if the shareholders felt dissatisfied with the terms of the contract they would find no difficulties thrown in the way of at once discharging their liability to the national treasury.— Weekly Chronicle. THE SUSPECTED POISONING AT CLAVERING.— The adjourned inquest at the above village on the body o f Richard Chesham, supposed to have died of poison, was re sumed on Friday. What gave increased suspicion to th e case was the fact of his wife being the person who two years ago was tried for the supposed murder of her two children. A communication having been received from Professor Taylor, stating that he had detected arsenic in the stomach, but had not concluded the analysis, the in ques t was again ad• joprao d......Essex Standard. --- PORTSIIIOUTII SAILORS .H 03.1. A public meeting was held on Saturday, at Willis's Rooms, King -street. St. James's-square, for the purpose of forming a sail( rs' home at the port of Portsmouth. Vice-Admiral Sir George Seymour, K.C.U., presided, and on the platform we observed, among others, the Bishop of Oxford, Earl lladdington, Earl Manvers, Earl de Grey, Lord Ashley, Lord Frederick Fitzcla rence, Admiral Sir Charles Ogle, the Master of the Temple, Archdeacon Wigram, the Hon. Captain Maude, RN., Rear-Admiral Sir Thome Ironbridge, Rear- Admiral Bowles, Rear-Admiral Sir Edward Chetham, Captain Sir Edward Parry, Admiral Sir Thomas Coch rane, Captain Gambier, &c. The Gallant CIIAIRMAN, in opening the business, alluded to the success which had attended the establish ment of sailors' homes in London, Liverpool, and other seaports, and proceeded to state that exertions were at present making to forward a similar institution at Ports mouth. The E?.rl of HADarNGTorI moved " That the seamen of Great Britain sere entitled to every return from a grattful country for the security and increase of their permament welfare, and that the establishment of a sailors' home in London, which has been in beneficial operation for fifteen years, proved the value and import ance of such institutions, and that it is most desirable to extend their influence. The Bishop 01 OXFORD seconded the resolution, which WAS agreed to. Other resolutions, in accordance with the objects of the meeting, were passed unanimously, and thanks haring been given to the gallant officer in the chair, the meeting terminated. THE FOREIGN AND COLONIAL MAILS FOR JUNE. The following are the dates on which the foreign and colonial mails will be made up at the General Post-office, St. Martin's-le-Grand, during the present month, anti when the return packets will be due at Southampton, Liverpool, and Falmouth:—For Madeira, Brazil, and Buenos Ayres, on the evening of the 4th inst. (to-mor row), by her Majesty's brig Seagull, from Falmouth. Next packet due, her Majesty's brig Crane, on the 24th inst., at Falmouth. For British North America arid th• United States, on the evening of the 7th inst., by steam packet via Liverpool, Halifax, and New York; on the evening of the 14th inst., to Boston ; on the evening of the 21st, to New York; and the evening of the 21th inst., to Boston. Next packets due at Liverpool on the 6th inst.; from New York, on the 12th, from Boston ; on the 20th inst., from New York; and the 26th inst., from Boston. The branch packet for Newfoundland will be dispatched from Halifax on the arrival at the letter port of the homeward packet from Boston; and the branch packet for Bermuda will be dispatched from Halifax on the arrival at that port of the outward packet for Boston. Newspapers for the United States must be prepaid (Id. each), letters optional. For Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, Ma deira via Lisbon, Cadiz, and Gibraltar, on the mornings of the 7th, 17th, and 27th inst., by steam-packets from Southampton. Next packets due on tne sth, 15th, and 25th inst. For the Mediterranean, Malts, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon (Mauritius o❑ the 24th inst.),lndia, Hong Kong, and China, on the evenings of the 7th and 24th inst.. by the fortnightly overland closed mails via Marseilles. Next mails due in London (this day) the 3d inst., and on the 23d inst. Letters and newspapers must be prepaid. Gibraltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, Aden, Ceylon, the Mauritius, India, &c., on the morning of the 20th inst., by steam-packet from Southampton. Next packet due at Southampton on the 28th inst. For Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, Van Diemen's Land, and New Zealand, by ship letter bags, as vessels may sail from London, Liverpool, &c. Newspapers for these colonies must be prepaid Id. each. For the British and foreign colonies in the West Indies (except Bermuda, Nassau, New Orleans, Mexico, Honduras. and the Havannah), Madeira, Venezuela, Jacmel, Grey Town (San Juan de Nicaragua), New Grenada, Chilli, and Peru, on the morning of the 17th instant, by steam packet, via Southampton. Next packets due on the 7th and 22d instant. The Tay steamer conveyed the mails of the Ist inst. France, &c., twice daily, morning and evening (except Sundays) by steam-packets via Dover and Calais. Due daily twice (except Sunday). Belgium, &c., every evening (except Sundays) via Dover and Ostend. Due daily. Hamburgh, &c., Tuesday and Friday evenings. Due Tuesdays and Saturdays. Holland, &c., Wednesday and Saturday mornings. Due Mondays and Thursdays, by the General Steam Navigation Company's packets via the Thames. Madeira, &c.—Mails will be made up this evening for Madeira, St. Vincent, San Nicholas (Cape Verd Islands), Sierra Leone, and the Island of Ascension, to be forwarded by her Majesty's steam-ves sel Prometheus, appointed to sail to-morrow from De vonport. Letters for Madeira will be liable to a postage of Is. 1 od. per half-ounce. Newspapers 2d. each, which must be prepaid. Fox CLUB.—The fifth meeting of the Fox Club took place on Saturday at Brookes's. There were present— the Earl of Scarborough, Sir Robert Adair, Lord Saye and Sele, Earl of Leitrim, Lord Poltimore, Colonel Ferguson, M.P., Mr. Rowland Alston, Mr. Stephenson, Lord Cremorne, Sir W. G. Craig, Bart., M.P., Hun. E. L. Mostyn, Sir M. J. Cholmnley, Bart, M.P., Lord Marcus Hill, M.P., Lord Sudeley, Earl of Fingall, Earl of Zetland, Earl of Gos ford, Mr. Edward A. Sanford, Mr. A. K. Stephenson, Earl Fitzbardinge, Hon. Frederick Dundas, Earl of Leicester, Mr. E. Ellice, jun., ALP., Right Hon. Andrew Rutherford, M.P., Mr. A. W. Robarts. FATAL ACCIDENT.—Last evening, between five and six o'clock, a boat, containing five persons, through some unexplained cause, was capsized off Milbank, and the entire party immersed. Fortunately, several boats were near the spot, and three of the party were rescued in a very exhausted state. Unhappily, Mr. Wetherell, residing at No. 125, Princes road, Lambeth, and his grandson, aged five years, sunk and were drowned, and though drags were used for seine time, the bodies were not recovered. Raphael Lamar West, Esq., eldest son of Benja min West, the painter, and formerly President of the Royal Academy, has just died at the advanced age of 84. Scotsman. Men become as strongly attached to others by the benefits they render as by the favours they receive.—Eliza Cook's Journal. DEATH OF DR. BARDSLEY.—We regret to an nounce the somewhat sudden death of Dr. Bardsley, whose name was for so many years connected with the practice of medicine, and especially with the medical charities in Man chester. He had been, we understand, in apparent good health, and was on a visit at the house of a friend at Brigh ton, when he died after a very short indisposition. Dr. Bardsley had, we believe, just completed his 87th year. NEW BRIDGE AT WESTMINSTER.—Petitions have been presented to the House of Commons for leave to de posit a petition for a Bill, with the view of constructing a new bridge across the Thames, to be called the Westminster Temporary Bridge. Spirits equal in strength and quality to the best Ilollands have lately been manufactured in Scotland from turnips. An improvement recently adopted in the formation of bricks is to shape them so that they dovetail with each other. By this means extraordinary strength is obtained. According to a table just published there has been a diminution of bankruptcies during the last three months as compared with the corresponding period last year, to the extent of 162. We find the following in the Sheffield Independent: —J. Locke, Esq., M.P., the celebrated engineer, when a boy, drove a horse and cart to carry coals into Barnsley. At that time the boys used to tease Lim by calling him " Captain Locke," for which they bad very frequently to run out of his way to escape chastisement. As Ctiantry carried milk into Sheffield, Locke carried coals into Barnsley. A curious advertisement has appeared in the Times as follows :—" Rescue of Sir John Franklin : to the rich and chivalrous. A gentleman, whose claims to common sense, respectability, and talents, are corroborated by university distinctions, honorary medals, and works of art and litera ture, offers to construct for 8,0001., and in three months, a flying machine, able to travel in the air at the rate of one hundred miles per hour. The expense of an experimental trip would he 3001. and one month's time. ST IvEs.—During the last week the drift boats on the mackerel fishery have taken from 300 to 3,000 fish, which have been retailed for the home and Bristol markets at 45. 3d. and Bs. 6d. per 120.—Cornwall Gazette. s, E h p as ito b ra een e of the Funds," edited by preYiEoauvesacnoeusdition of this A new edition (the 15th) of "Fortune's yan Mr. D. Morier E issued. It is ten ye tp ar ut s binlliseh sincebe d v : a ahned l‘ careful lr. n h t a o s f bu g a r i o lth h e t it changes "'wknnot tl n a t t hwe h o a rp s k • r e e'sy t ea a ns ken place in the position of the various securities since that period. In its new form its original value is greatly increased. The election of organist for St. Mary-le •Strand took place on Friday last, in the room of Mr. Staples, re signed. There were several candidates for the office, and the present officers, with Messrs. Smart, Faulkner, Painter, Elliott, and other influential inhabitants, with a view of giving every candidate a fair chance, selected as the three umpires Mr. Mather, organist of St. Bride's; Mr. Brown, organist of St. Clement's, Their choice, however, fell on Messrs. Beale, Middleton, and Mott, when a show of hands took place, and Mr. Beale was elected to fill the office. The salary is 501. p er y ear , hi s a tt en d an ce necessaryon y re cently Sabbath day, and yesterday the successful candidatel n enteredthe on his duties. SALES OF VALUABLE PICTUSE s choice pictures, by English and foregj-Messrs. masters, Lave l Christie and Manson. On Saturday last th e following were disposed taken place at the rooms of n . --S e Yera lots of A banker counting gold at a table, at the prices quoted of guineas; portrait of Frederick ascribed to Rembrandt, 36 landscape •i s n capitally painted with cattle Dyck, 21 guineas; a Tiers, 35 guineas. Among the m de Marsclaire, of Opdorf, Burgomaster of Brussels, by Va and sheep, &c., by en Madonna and Infant seated in a recent sales a the same establishment were the annex.oerde with their prices:—Thekneeling inci, formerly in the rocky cavern, to the left a Bishop on a Pagan, &c., collection of the one of whose in fami ly, at Milan, ancestors is repro • Clive • the Madonna; this picture is considered to be in seated in early manner of the artist, 251/. St. Jerome at his De by the same master; the saint is represented in the by Leonardo dal the his breast with a stone, and kneeling before a a l7r tt g io : fn er 'b' t e ic a i t t i i n x g , landscape, &C. This picture belonged to the Dominican Convent del Bosco, near Bologna, 9C/. The Passage of the Red Sea by Pharoah and his host; to the right. on dry land, a-e the Irar:lites and their families, some M the act of rejoicing, some in prayer and thanksgiving, whilst Moses, in the centre, stretches out his arm in com mand over the troubled waters in which the Egptians are pr,gulphed ; inscribed, 19 M.D. XXI., by Mazzolini di Ferrara. This picture acquired additional value from being of large dimensions, as the works of this master are princi pally small in size, 2201. Christ on the Cross, at the foot Job reclining pointing with his band to a scroll, on which is inseribe4 the words, " Dlajora Sustinuit Ipse," by Francesa Francia. This picture was formerly over the altar of the Church of San Giobbe, at Bologna ; in the Pitture di Bologna, 173:1, it is highly commended for the wonderful knowledge of anatomy and foreshortening which its com position displays, 205/. A bridge across a river near some ruins, &c., by Wilson, 59/. A mounted peasant driving cows and sheep across a bridge, on which a boy and girl are in conversation, by Gainsborough, 531. The celebrated picture by Sir Joshua Reynolds, representing a little girl with a spaniel, 1,0701. SClLLY.—Several cargoes of potatoes have bee shipped off for Hayle, to be forwarded to Bristol per steallie Cornwall Gazette.