The Sun. — London, England, 1868-04-13 00:00:00

JOURNALS SUDDBN DEATH OF THE MARQUIS OF SALISBURY. .T GP The Times asks, now that Italy has come by ner own, if t he would be so kind as to take back her organ-grinders. It is by this time little less than half a century since our streets and those of other European cities were first infested by what, owing to a moat unwarrantable stretch of euphemism, were called " itinerant musicians." They jaegan as a droll curiosity, but soon grew into an arrant nuisance. The housemaid on the door-steps, and cook from the depths of the area, might be caught by the jet-black eyes and matted hair of these outlandish minstrels, by their quaint gibberish, by their broad grin, not unlike that of the monkeys frequently perched on *heir shoulders ; but to nerves of gentler texture the inexorable strain of those set note* was raking to dis traction ; while to the sage in his brown study the first squeak of the hurdy-gurdy caused such a paroxysm of rage as sometimes gave " twice two is five " as the result of his calculations. By the time, however, that these noivy strangers were becoming an intolerable annoy ance, enough was known about them to make them objects of evwpathy. It was not by any means their fault, people said, if they so cruelly abused our hospitality. Indeed, it was not from choice that they were our guests. They had been inveigled hither by false pretences. A kind of white slave trade was going on in the mountains of which they Svere natives. A ret of scamps of their own country, but having their headquarters in the dingiest purlieus of Hol born, farmed these poor wretches out of their parents' hands, held them under a specious bond of apprentice ship, sent them forth to their begging trade, starved them, thrashed them, used them with every kind of bar barous treatment. Long and loud was, years ago, the lament over the poor Italian organ boy's grievances. As the organ boy could not be got rid of, he began to be made much of. He was petted and pampered ; he was plied with crusts and scraps instead of halfpence. Old Pistrucci opened a school for him ; Mazzini affiliated him to his Young-Italian association. The organ boy had his own day; in short, he was the beat abused and the best cared for of ear street vagrants, till people got tired of this as of all other subjects, and he was set down as one of those social sores which cannot be cured, and which can best be endued the less thought and speech are wasted upon them. Now, again, comes the news of kidnapping the poor boys from the home across the mountains. This white slave trade, in the opinion of the leading journal, like brigan dage, is only the result of the intellectual and moral state of degradation into which the Italian population, especially in rural and mountain districts, are sunk, and that the evil can only ultimately give way before the steady pro gress of civilisation and instruction. Mendicancy and vagrancy, it must be avowed, come amazingly natural to Italians of all classes. Few men, however, who ever looked at the organ boys in our streets would dream of calling them an idle set, or of describing their life as one of leisure and indulgence. Few men who ever looked at ►heir stunted and shrunken frames, almost bent double under the crushing weight of their Areste, or trade, as they can their huge organ, when they return late in the evening after trudging some scores of riles in the suburbs, at all seasons and in all weathers, would deem them . un fit for any employment requiring either strength or endurance. But the freedom and variety, the very precariousness of their begging life, seem to have charms for them. They see the world ; they bask in the smiles or grin under the frowns of fortune, and so familiarise themselves with the ups and downs of vaga bond life. Should these wretched Italian outcasts be capable of it, there would be no lack of profitable employ. merit in their native land ; no lack of bread and meat and raiment for three times the population of the peninsula. The whole difficulty consists in creating the wish even for daily bread among a people who can live on prickly pears or water melons. " You are a gentleman ; why need you work ?" is the saying among the members of Parliament and their constituents. And " why should you toil and moil when there are London and Paris, and all Europe and America, to go begging through with your hurdy gurdy. ? " is the philosophy upon which organ boys practi cally shape their existence. Apropos of the visit of the Prince and Princess of Wales to Ireland, the Post remarks that if there be a tide in Irish affairs, the Royal visit will take it at the flood. Time and opportunity are the waves on which the Enchantress is about to cross the Channel. The Christian world are commemorating the "pledge of a new and nobler covenant ;" for Ireland the last hour of a long night has sounded, and the idea of a happy national rapproche ment may be realised. Now, if ever, the touch of human nature which makes people feel that they were not born to live alone, and without sympathy, will rouse hopes that have overslept themselves and call back thoughts that have gone astray. Only in the presence of Royalty are religious differences composed. In St. Patrick's Cathedral Protestants and Catholics will, for once, meet as Christians. But, what is more, the visit will prove to any one who may have doubted the fact, that if the Irish Church was established "as the fort of the Throne," the imperial sovereignty is no longer dependent on such security. In Ireland, as in England, the Crown is guarded by the loyalty and the love of the nation. If the Irish will not allow that they have been reconquered by the Prince of Wales, they may surrender to the Princess, under whose feet they have resolved that flowers shall grow up, and read in her smiles the sympathy which still, as in bygone times, may be com petent to determine, by very gentle pressure, an issue that perplexes the minds of statesmen, and searches the wisdom of the Legislature. The Daily News draws attention to the evident determi nation of shareholders to rebel against the despotism of directors in joint-stock companies. The various stages have been passed through of, first, enthusiastic approval ; then, pensive submission ; next, feeble and modest in quiry ; but culminating at last into sharp cross-question ings, which it was equally useless to .ignore or to answer. A further step was the appointment of committees of in vestigation. A further stage is found in the, virtually if not actually, compulsory resignation of the directory under whose rule the mischief had been done. But the matter has not closed here. Suits in civil and equity courts have not merely been threatened, but begun. What remedy there for this state of affairs ? The surest preventive lie in the enforcement of the principle that if a duty is under taken, its performance is not a question of convenience, but of honour. One of the most grievous scandals of our age consists in the almost deliberate abnegation of this simple rule. Nine-tenths of the men who have supervise(' the companies that failed within the last two years have clone next to nothing but allow, by their culpable neglect, their shareholders to be ruined. The world, at least the financial world, moves on. The joint-stock principle has passed through many phases : the first, one of greater or less responsibility on the part of directors ; the second, a period of transition, when inquiries were made necessitating an answer ; and the third (per haps not the final one), when shareholders are not content with demanding explanations of previous management, but will pursue their investigations still further. In all probability they will not be satisfied with the revelations of previous affairs as they stand now, but will exact a pretty competent account of the entire results of all the affairs in which their companions have been engaged. It is needless to add, that where profits have been gained by individuals from their official position, the sum must be r turned for the benefit of the general body. Dealing with the rumours of war between France and Prussia, the Herald remarks that the common-sense view of the matter taken in England is, in the first place, that if the Emperor Napoleon wishes to go to war with Prussia, he will have to do so on his own account, am' that this will be playing a somewhat desperate game. Ir the second place, it appears that there is no adequat•' ground of war. France would not go to war to save Den mark from being rent in twain ; why, then, should she do i for a few square miles of Northern Schleswig claimed 14 Denmark, or for an article in a treaty concluded between Austria and Prussia? The difficulty about Luxembourg can not be made into an occasion of war. France expressed herself satisfied with the settlement of the question at the time, and there was an end of it. It is never very safe to predict even the event of a month ; but, taking into account the asseverations of the French Government, and the probabilities of the case, it seems to us that it is un reasonable to expect war. As to the view of the matter taken by the French press in considering its attitude, we nrdst take into account the fact, that it is so much • debarred from occupying- itself with matters of domestic interest that to fill its columns, and rivet the attention of its readers, it is forced to occupy itself ranch with foreign affairs, a circumstance not often adverted to, but which in no small degree contributes to the perpetuation of dis quietude in Europe. The S'tanclarcl comments 1 - pon an article in the Tortn Witty Revie?o, by Mr. Yredcrick Harrison who unfolds to the vulgar gaze the h eaven which Radicals hope to gain. Of this school of Radicalism we ought not, then, in future to profess any ignorance. Its nature and its alms have been revealed to us with a singular candour, and we doubt not with full anthority. All government in :England is to be a trade union. Parliament is to he put (lown, or permitted to deliberate only at the pleasure of the " capable ruler." Capable ruler is to undertake the root-awl-branch rceonntruction of society. The time and the man have tonic to Mr. Harrison also. A despotism, tra,l4 anions for its base, and Beaks for its apex; ,cst ideni (la true , Government for England. ' 7 ' , 1e9r0.r,71 en." itch untler-,141118 the anxiety of railway companie,, iu these bad times, to increase their revenues by all (‘-rie,ivable bodes ; 1)11'; their rights have obvious v;e:1 th0,,,, e limit s are unrolcstionably pa,ised by the Sinah i'aree'* (11:use in the Iteg,ulation 'Bill now before companies wish to put an end to the Practivc! of sending small parcels dose lip in '.urger ones een:age the carriage of twenty separate articles, each tlinaged at an arbitrary figure, will yield much more than ins carriage of the same things do when they are made up under one cover, and are paid for by the ton. The City houses are in arms against the pro oral, and hop e t o ge t it modified or w ithdr awn. The plain course for the com panies, if they find the present system unprofitable, is to economise their own arrangements as much as possible, and to modify their carrying rates by charging sq ;nub ;pore per ton 411 round,- • We regret to announce the unexpected death of the Marquis of Salisbury, K.G., which took place shortly after six o'clock on Sunday evening, at Hatfield House, the ancient family seat in Hertford. The Marquis of Salisbury left town on Saturday for Pfatfield in apparent health. On his valet going into his room on Sunday morning he found his master evidently labouring under very severe illness, and, in consequence, the Marceiouess of Salisbury, who had gone on Saturday last be Knole, near Sevenoaks, to visit the Earl and Countess De la Warr, was sent for. Her ladyship arrived at Hatfield about a quarter of an hour before her husband expired. The late James Brownlow William Gascoyne-Cell, Marquis and Earl of Salisbury, Viscount Cranborne, county Doseet, and Baron Cecil of Esseadine, county Rutland, in the peerage of Great Britain, was the only son of James, filet Marquis of Salisbury, by his wife, Lady Mary Emily Flit, second daughter of Wills, first Marquis of Downshire. He was born 17th April, 1791 ; consequently, had he lived a few days longer, he would have attained his 77th year. He succeeded to the family honours on the death of his father, 13th June, 1823. The deceased marquis was twice married—first, '2.nd February, 1821, to Frances Mary, only daughter and heir of Mr. Bamber Gascoyne, which lady died 15th 0ct.,1839 ; and secondly, he married, 29th April, 1847, Lady Mary Catherine Sackville-West, second daughter of the Earl De la Warr. By his first marriage he leaves surviving issue Lady Mildred, married to Mr. Alexander J. Beres ford Hope, M.P.; Lady Blanche, widow of Mr. James Maitland Balfour, of Whittinghame ; Viscount Cranborne, M.P. for Stamford ; and Lord Enstace Cecil, M.P. for South Essex. By his second marriage his lordship leaves issue three sons, viz., Lord Sackville, Lord Arthur, and Lord Lionel Cecil ; and Ladies Mary Arabella and Mar garet Elizabeth Cecil. The Marquis of Salisbury was appointed lord-lieutenant of the county of Middlesex on the resignation of the late Duke of Portland, was made a D.C.L. at Oxford in 1834, and was created a Knight of the Garter in 1842. He had been colonel of the Herts Militia since 1851, and was major of the South Herts Yeomary Cavalry from 1847 to 1854. He was appointed a deputy-lieutenant of Argyllshire in 1859; and on the resignation of the late Lord Dacre was unani mously elected chairman of the Herts quarter sessions. The late Marquis of Salisbury accepted office in the Earl of Derby's first Administration, in 1852, as Lord Privy Seal, and again in Lord Derby's Government, from February 1858 to June 1859, was Lord President of the Council. The deceased nobleman, it is almost unneces sary to say, was a staunch and consistent Conservative in politics, and a supporter of the agricultural interest. He supported the late Sir Robert Peel's Government up to the proposition to repeal the corn laws. Viscount Cranborne, M.P., by the lamented death of his father, succeeds to the ancestral honours and large landed property. The present peer was born Feb. 3, 1830, and married July 11,1857, Georgina Caroline, eldest daughter of the late Sir E. H. Alderson, one of the Barons of the Exchequer. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford, and obtained a fellowship at All Souls in 1853. His lordship has been member for Stamford since 1853. The families of the Earl and Countess Cowley, Colonel and Lady R 033 Greville-Nugent, the Marquis and Mar chioness of Downshire, the Marquis of Westmeath, Lord and Lady Dangan, Mr. and Lady Mildred B. Hope, and others are placed in mourning by the death of his lord ship, THE MYSTERIOUS DISCOVERY AT HACKNEY Since the particulars of the facts attending the disce"ery of the dead body in the unfinished house, No. 21, Elgin place, have been made known, considerable advance has been made towards a solution of the mystery. Constable Nixon, of the N division, having beard that an inmate of St. Luke's Lunatic Asylum bad been missing for some time, communicated particulars of the dis covery of the body to the authorities. Dr. Ellis, of the asylum, informed the police, that during the night of February 11 a patient named Heasman con trived to effect his escape in a very mysterious man ner. He was confined in the centre ward of the asylum, and although there were six doors, all locked, separating him from the exterior, yet he managed to pass through them all. During his passage through the several wards he helped himself to articles of clothing belonging to other patients. The police chewed the body to Dr. Ellis, and he at once identified it as that of his missing patient. In the blucher boot is marked " Har nett, C.W.," the name being that of a patient at present in the hospital, and " C.W." signifying " central wing." As soon as the body was deposited in the mortuary, Sergeant Foden, 23 N, was instructed to make a thorough examination of the house and its immediate vicinity. The doors at the hack were found screwed up, as well as 1 eAted, just as they were left by the landlord's workmen about Christmas. There was one window at the rear, which was closed 1 - ut not fastened ; but it was several feet from the grcuad. The deceased must, then, either have been in his concealment before the doors were screwed up, or obtained access by the window. There were no traces discoverable, outside the house, of any entrance having been effected by the window. Mention has also been made of an old black frockeoat, which was on the floor of the cupboard, and which was said to have been stained with blood ; in one pocket there has been found a copy of a London paper, dated January 31, 1863. From the creases in the paper, it is conjectured that it must have been used as a fold for some letters, or small books. In the farthest corner of the cupboard Sergeant. Foden found a small empty phial, labelled " Laudanum—Poison." At present two statements Lave been published with respect to the position in which the body was found : one account stating . that the head was close to the door, and another that the head was in the further corner of the cupboard. In the latter case the head must have lain close to the empty phial. Many applization.s have been made by both gentleinen and ladies at the police-office for the most minute descriptions of the body; and, as is very often the case in discoveries of this character, the body is stated to correspond exactly with the descriptions given by all who have instituted in quiries concerning some missing relative. The police, how ever, believe that Dr. Ellis has solved the mystery. One couple who thought they identified- the photograph of the corpse stated that it resembled their son, who eighteen months ago ran away from his wife and family, and took with him £2,000 in money ; no traces of him had been discovered. The most satisfactory evidence with regard to the deceased after his escape from the asylum has been furnished by a carpenter named Henry i He states that one day in the first week of Febeuary he was working on the roof of a house near Elgin-place when his attention was drawn to a man sitting on a heap of sand in the rear. Some labourers at work in a brickfield were also attracted by this person's conduct. In the course of the afternoon Price passed the sand heap, and then saw that the man, who was of gentle manly appearance, was whittling a piece of wood into the shape of a boat. The day was bitterly cold, and Price, accosting the man, said, " You have got a cold seat there, sir." To this he replied, "You are the civillest man I have spoken to to-day. My God keeps me warm. Friend, do you attend church or chapel ?" Price said in reply that he had been brought up a Churchman, and attended church, whereupon the stranger responded, " I always pray to God in my own room. I have got a nice one at my sister's, at Poplar." Price then said, " It's a cold job you have got, anyhow." To which he replied, " 1 do it for my amusement. There is a river near my sister's, where I swim my boats ; and now, my friend, you go and mind your business, and I will mind mine." During this singular conversation Price noticed that the stranger was using a buckhorn-handled knife, that he had an awl to bore holes with, a piece of leather on his trousers to prevent cutting them, and a piece of linen cloth. When Price and the labourers in the field left work, the man was still whittling away at the boat. None of the articles that Price saw the stranger using had been found ; but he most positively identifies the body as that of the person with whom he held this conver sation. After the body had been identified by Dr. Ellis, a lady made application to see the corpse, and positively stated it was that of her husband, who had been missing for some time. She particularly described an injury to one finger, which corresponded with one of the deceased's. There can be little doubt that the lady is mistaken. Two young ladies also believed that the corpse was that of their brother, who bad been missing from St. John's College, Cambridge, for four months. Between forty and fifty gentlemen met at Nock's Hotel, Birmingham, on Saturday evening, and presented £lOO and a copy of the " Cambridge Shakespeare" to Mr. John Lovell, one of the oldest and most valued members of the newspaper press in Birmingham. I A noted sporting authority in London is said to have been paced in a curious difficulty after the Univer sity boat race last week. Two carrier pigeons were taken down to Mortlake, each with a slip of paper tied to it, Oxford, the winner, being written on one, and Cambridge on the other. Unfortunately, in the bustle of the moment after the race, as the Oxford pigeon was being taken out of the basket, the Cambridge bird struggled and managed also to get free, the two birds coming swiftly home in company, and driving their owner to despair by the contradictory intelligence, THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 13, 1868. THE _IRISH CHURCH. The connection of the State with the Pro testant Church of Ireland, the motives which impel Catholics to vote against it, and the duty of maintaining the religious principle in politics, are questions which ought to be probed to the bottom. There must be no false issues raised. No attempt to confound Catholic oppo sition to the Irish Establishment with the un- Catholic motives which actuate Dissenters, irreligious Liberals, and philosophical secu larists in their attacks on the principle of Church Establishments, must be allowed to pass unchallenged. Such an attempt at the confusion of the true with the false motives of opposition to the Irish Establishment is to play into the hands of the enemies of Catho licity. It is pushing party politics to an un wholesome and unreasoning extreme. With such tactics Catholics can have no sympathy. They indignantly repudiate the imputation, come whence it may, that their opposition to the Irish Church is equivalent to a renuncia tion of the Catholic principle of union between Church and State. The religious principle in politics is, as we argued last week, an essen tially Catholic principle ; it is truly what Mr. Disraeli described it in the late debate—a great security for civilization—and this principle can only be carried out in its fulness by a union of State and Church. But to be valid, such a union must be founded in justice. It must not violate the principles of morality by aim ing even at a good end through evil means. The Irish Church, the religion of a small minority, was established by force ; its main tenance as a national Church is an act of the grossest injustice. On the commonest dictates of morality, therefore, the first thing to be done is to remove this injustice. Repair the evil done, not by perpetuating the original injus tice, offering, we will not say as a bribe, but as a sop, to endow the Catholic Church out of some of the superfluous and ill-gotten revenues of the Establishment, but by a complete act of national reparation, the disestablishment and the disendowment of the Irish Church. " But," says Mr. Disraeli, " what becomes of the religions principle in connection with the Government of Ireland if you disestablish the Protestant Church ? Will you endow—will you connect with the State the Roman Catholic Church ? Such a procedure would be utterly impracticable. The United Kingdom is a Protestant Kingdom. The people of the United Kingdom are a Protestant people. . . Any attempt to establish a Roman Catholic Church in connection with the State would be a thing which no practical man . would support. There fore you must have either a Government in Ireland which is not connected-with the religi ous principle, or you must maintain the Church in Ireland. You must accept one or other of the alternatives." Mr. Disraeli's political morality amounts to this—Perpetuate an in justice in order to preserve, for such is his main defence of the Irish Establishment, the religious principle in the government of Ire land. But Christian ethics forbid the per petration of evil for any end whatsoever. In truth, the religious principle is to be sac rificed, not because Catholic Ireland will no longer submit to an unendurable injustice, but because the Protestant prejudices, as Mr. Dis raeli avows, of the people of England will not tolerate the Establishment of the national Church of Ireland. The crime is theirs. The loss which the relinquishment of the religious principle will inflict on the civil Government of Ireland is not the fault of Catholics but of Protestant bigotry. Between the two alter natives which alone Mr. Disraeli offers, Catho lics can have no hesitation. Christian morality forbids them to consent to any participation in an act of injustice, such as the maintenance of the Irish Establishment. .The other alter native of the State's surrendering the religious principle in the government of Ireland is no choice or work of theirs, but is forced upon them. As to the Catholic supporters of the Irish Establishment who are anxious to effect com promise by " levelling up " the Catholic Church, by partially endowing it out of the superfluous revenues of the Establishment, we would have them remember that the Catholic Church is alone the rightful owner of the Church property of Ireland, that it has been violently dispossessed of its heritage and of its status, and that restitution simply is its due. The first act towards restitution on the part of the State, if it be sincere in its repentance, is to undo its work of spoliation by removing the unlawful possessor—the second is to re store it to the lawful owner. But if, as in the present instance, the rightful owner, the Catholic Church of Ireland, by the unani mous and deliberate declaration of its appointed rulers—for reasons of which they are the com petent judges—declines to receive the restitu tionof the old endowments which once belonged to God, then, as the Archbishop of Westminster, in his letter to Lord Grey, suggests, let the restitution be fully made. But let it be made to Him in the hands of His poor. They are His representatives. Justice would thus be satisfied. Justice is not revenge. Vin dictiveness is a small and petty motive. It does not move the heart of a nation; to impute it to the Catholics of Ireland as the ground of their desire to be rid of the Establishment, is utterly to misconceive or to misrepresent the character of the movement and the motives of the bishops, clergy, and people of Ireland. It is much to be regretted that any English Catholic writer should give utterance to so unjust and unworthy a sentiment. It is a libel on the Catholics of Ireland. Is there not such a thinc , as a sense o f j us ti ce outraged ? Is not Protestant t ascendancy embodied in the Irish Establishment a wrong keen enough to arouse a generous indignation ? It is not to " rob Protestants," but to see justice done to Catho lics, that the removal of this wrong is desired by all lovers of justice—lrish or English, Catholic or Protestant. Because every Catholic of the United King dom, whose judgment is not unsettled by party politics, because bishops, priests and laymen cry, " Down with the Protestant Church Esta blishment! down with the alien Church !" they are not on that ground to be accounted " ad vocates of revenge ;" neither is it for the paltry and - vicious motive of gloating over Irish Protestants, dispossessed of the unlawful enjoyment of Church property, that they insist upon the disestablishment and . disen dowment of the Irish Church. Such an impu tation cannot be supported by a single proof, and ought, therefore, never to have been advanced. It is a weak attempt to raise a false issue. What Catholics unite in demanding is a simple act of justice for a grave wrong inflicted upon a Catholic people. What they insist upon is not palliatives, but the only reparation possible—the removal of the wrong itself. Moreover, when a Catholic, be he priest, bishop, or layman, rejects Mr. Disraeli's plan for propping up the Establishment, he does not on that account, as grotesquely alleged, " adopt the creed of English Dissenters, and become a Cromwellian, an Independent, a Voluntaryist, and a Secularizer of Church property." Neither does he " join a crusade against the principle of the union between Church and State," nor "affirm a condemned proposition." The reason why Catholics object to the Irish Establishment is not out of love of the creed of English Dissenters, is not because they disregard the sacred principle of union between Church and State, so recently re-affirmed by the Church, but because the particular Irish Establishment which they condemn exists in violation of a primary principle of Christian ethics. They uphold the principle of State Churches, but they condemn the Irish Esta blishment, because it was founded and is maintained by an act of naticnal injustice. The further accusation that in demandi ng th e disendowment of the Irish Church a Catholic becomes a secularizer of Church property, is refuted by the declaration of the Irish bishops that "by appropriating the ecclesiastical pro perty of Ireland for the benefit of the poor, the Legislature would, realizeone for the purposes for which it was originally des- tined, and to which it was applied in Catholic times." Upon public grounds, for the sake of the empire at large, in the interests of religion and of civil justice, and not for any lesser motives or for reasons mean and paltry as those we have alluded to, do we join in:the demand that the State, in the name of England, should at last and with a generous unanimity perform an act of national reparation, and remove from Catholic Ireland a grave and long-stand ing injustice.—Westminster Gazette. THE DIPLOMACY OF REVOLU7ION. It is satisfactory to find anywhere tokens of reaction against theories that have hindered the true perception oz the French Revolution which, as Talleyrand said shortly before his death, is " still going on." Students of truth are here and there discovering that the " cul bute genbale" was not an act of Divine ven geance, but the result of intrigues carried on by a few unscrupulous men. In the number of the- Revue des Deux Mondes, there is an article by M. A. de Broglie on M. de Bour goina's " Histoire Diplomatique de l'Europe pendant la Revolution Francaise," which is of value. It points out some of the hidden and altogether unheroic machinery by which the puppets at Paris were worked during the so called reign of Patriotism. The foreign influence at work in the events of 'B9-'95 will never be known, but M. de Bourgoing is right in attributing the failures of Valmy and Jemmapes rather to the insin cerity of the coalesced sovereigns than to the valour of the revolutionary levies. In the fol lowing sentence, the author of the article sup.. plies, perhaps unwittingly, a clue to the mis takes of the Allies : "At the furthest extremity of Europe, the Courtesan, whose genius had by chance received the heritage of Peter the Great, rejoiced in the thought that while the West sank in dis order the road to the East was opened to her. She quickly saw the advantage of pre cipitating Europe into a war for which her troops could not arrive in time, but which left Constantinople at her discretion and Poland at her mercy." M. de Broglie sketches brilliantly the diplo matic traditions that existed before the Revo lution. The subject has dazzled him, for he attributes the present evils of Europe to the disuse of the old diplomatic customs. The ter rorism under which the West crouches re sults, he thinks, from the inability of demo cratic Governments to hold diplomatic inter course or to enter into binding agreements. Diplomacy has wrought its own confusion by its denial of public law. We quote M. de Broglie's description of the existing condition of the Continent, though we may not agree with him that the evils he enumerates result from the failure of Diplomacy, but rather from its too great success : " The appearance of the new law is marked by a universal disorder of which the gravity, instead of diminishing, would seem day by day to increase. Two great wars in less than ten years ; all existing treaties annulled; new con ventions without force ; the territorial basis of all States called in question ; the armies of Europe complete, and every mind at work to invent new engines of destruction. There is, thank God, less blood than in '93, but there is almost as much disorder. If politicians only were embarrassed, little harm might fol low. It is the business of politicians to meet embarrassments, and the business of revolu tions to create them. But the subject of real surprise is that the very assertion of right, made in the name of the people, has brought speedy suffering on the peeple. After an in terval of thirty years, Europe witnesses the reappearance, in her very centre, and with features as hideous as under the First Empire, of the most odious form of tyranny, the most painful variety of oppression conquest. Schleswig is forcibly attached to Germany ; Hanover endures permanent military occupa tion; Frankfort pays a ransom. The genera tion that lived after 1815 hoped to have seen no more such crimes committed. If the new law be not guilty of them, she must at least be reckoned an accomplice in their guilt." Honestly aghast before the condition he de scribes, M. de Broglie can yet propose for it no better cure than " a religious • respect for treaties, and a return to the traditions of the European balance of power, to be enforced by guarantees and secured by new combina tions." Every case of p u bli c violence ion s . ' ' Our sight has had its says, e t d h s a t origin in the violation of a treaty, an d m i g ht that He offends have been prevented by a more scrupulous fidelity. The disorder of Germany, for instance, flowed directly, by consequences visible to all, from the rupture of the treaty of London, which regulated the Danish succession." Can there be a better instance than the fore going to show the futility of M. de Broglie's remedy? What treaties can be of force, though signed by every diplomatist in Europe, if their provisions be not lawful ? Treaties are now the chief means used for the betrayal of States and for the disturbance of the world. How, then, can their observance be a remedy ? Un less, indeed, treaties should be once more the offspring of law, not of that " new morality," of which M. de Broglie speaks, " which legi timises crime and sears the conscience of the criminal." M. de Broglie . is, we believe, a Catholic, and, like most Catholics, he app ears t o d rea d Re volution as the chief danger to society. He regards it as something a p ar t an d di s ti nc t from himself, and from those who do not pro fess its doctrines. He di v id es soc i e t y i nto two camps—revolutionary and anti-revolutionary. He is far from suspecting that the strength of the revolutionary propaganda has its basis in that blindness to law which exists in him and in others, who are nevertheless conscious of the dangers of the European condition. No one can legitimately or success fully oppose the flood of evil which menaces society until he himself has learned to apply the ccmmand ments of God to the actions of States as well as to those of individuals.—Diplomatic Review. MISCELLANEOUS NEWS. (From the Anglo-American Times) PARIS, April 8. I promised last week to _give_your readers some account of what I said and did when I went out for a stroll to get myself into writing order, and if the narrative be not sufficiently important I must crave their indulgence on the plea of the good-will I bring to my task. Little matters are frequently more interesting than great ones, in the same manner as little miseries prove frequently the hardest to bear; small matters are often the indices of more important ones, and the hunchbacked philosopher of the o ld en time furnished with his unstrung-bow an excuse and case in point for more than one grave personage of all ages. In the course of that morning's strole beneath a sky in which the pale azure of the spring is gradually deepening into the darker blue of the summer, I saw in every shop window the mils de paques of every imagin ablepain d : E description.piee, tau Jambons, extendi ng he IFrniarsesed through the Foi re au from the ancient barrier of Paris to the Bastille, or rather the Place of the Bastille. I witnessed the most extraordinary specimen of puffing that I think it was ever the lot of any human being to behold ; and lastly, to wind up, I met with in an establish.. ment, bearing the appellation of the Society of the United Cooks, one of the very best restaurants I have ever discovered. First of all, as regards the cup de paques (Easter eggs). These eggs, which are a species of confiture, upon which the utmost skill of the fabricant has been lavished, form the most fashionable present at Paris during Easter; they are made hollow, and innumer able are the surprises and devices which I they contain. A humorous anecdote is related of a celebrated actress here, who, previous to the day upon which the ceufs de paques are generally presented, had given directions to her soubrette as to which rooms, more or less splendid, her admirers were to be conducted, according to the size of the aufs brought with them. Unfortunately one of I occupied the latter part of last month by the Webb them—the Marquis de C., a celebrated sporting ' Sisters, supported by an array of talent from the millionaire—who had brought with him an egg of Pacific metropolis. no great size, was conducted by the abigail into a We see by a letter from Rome, dated Feb. 29, small anteroom, whereat he was so disgusted that which has returned from America, that Mr. Peabody, with he started off post haste and laid his egg at the the Hon. R. 0. Winthrop, was presented to the Pope by feet of a rival Semiramis. It contained, though Mr. Hooker, the well-known American banker. The small, a riviere, or suite of diamonds worth 300,000 s P o o n pe oe, r a e n ques u t n e n d su t a h l e d pa t rt . y ti to be andonseahted in e rotheisLpartien francs. Whilst on this subje c t I may allude to quotations from Holy Writ,' showing the blessed the immense quantity of red eggs sold in Paris, quality of charity, which he presented as souvenirs. and which are simply eggs boiled hard in water Mr. Peabody, on his return to his hotel, forwarded a cheque coloured with cochineal. Let us pass on to the Foire for a thousand francs to Cardinal Antonelli, to whom he au pain d'Epice (Gingerbread Fair), and Foire aux was .introduced had byMr. hooker, for the hospital of San Jambons (Ham Fair), which a re amongs t th e oldesta s P P teabod'y which left Rome shortly formed afterwards ehjeet for Naples. of nvreatie mr of old customs in France. The Foire d'Epice, a A contest is impe n di ng b e t ween t h e M ormon an d introduced originally from A s i a , an spiced bread known to the G ree k s an d Romans, was Gentile delegat es t o C ongress from Utah. The Gentile, Anil is entirely de- MiGroty, contests the return of the Mormon Hooper on void of any gross element. It was sold in the mid- the ground that, being a Mormon, he has taken an oath of die ages to devotees at their entrance and exit from hostility to the United States. places of worship. It is e ven now a f avour i te a li - The President b as p romote d C ommodore J oseph Lanman to be Rear-Ad m i ra l, i n p l ace o f Adm i ral Palmer, ment amongst the faithf u l, p en di ng th e d urat i on o f the Careme, or Lent. The Foire aux Jambons is deceased ' equally celebrated, and the lo ng ranges o f woo d en The Democratic C ongressmen h ave organ i ze d a new Executive Committee:de deposing Tom Florence and huts, or baraques, contain contributions from all the Cornelius Wendell, and substituting pi Senator Doolittle as departments most celebrated not only for hams, but for President, and Representative Randall as Treasurer. every species of viand into which the ~ abomination" The Rev. Stephen H. Tyng, jun., has published of the Israelites of old finds its way. Hams from a letter to Bishop Potter, complaining of his refusal to re- Bayonne, from Ardennes, Mayence, sausages from ceive the protest of his venerable and revoren3 counsel and Arles, Lyons, Strasbourg Ems, and Bologna, con- father, which we published last week. He also complains man t y ed th d in is gs r adapte d d, h if not intende h d,. to . aggravate ' tribute to the Foire aux Jawbone. It is said that publish s a t o n f te t a h t e lon p , r a o s the amount which reaches every year the Ham Fair of th the tt soon as Lent is over, to nlannouncesl review amounts to no less than 600,000 lbs. weight. With ceedings. regard to the political situation of Europe, I ob- The New Lebanon Shakers propose to erect, the serve that the Czar has passed an u k ase w hi c h w il l coming season, a barn, 150 feet by 50, with 32 feet posts, have the effect of obliterating the nationality of to cost about $lO,OOO. Poland, for the future to be known by the simple The unhappy dwellers on Long Island and the name of the Valley of the Vistula. It is whispered Isle of Haut have been cut off from the main land by ice mysteriously that the mission of Prince Napoleon for two months, and reduced to mu sles and other shell fish gathered from the shores for s u b s i s t ence . has had something to do with thi s ; th at i s to Though itis not known th a t a s i ng l e J ew lives say, that the interest well known t o b e f e lt b y France in the well-being of that unh a pp y country in Newport, Rhode Island, yet thi s c it y h as one of the best iireserved synagogues in the land. The rich Jew, (Poland) has induced Bismarck, an implacable Mr. Touro, left a sum to keep the synagogue in perfect enemy of Poland, to advertize the Czar that the repair, the income of which is now about $lO,OOO annually. moment of action had arrived. I merely speak of To spend this the common council, by a pleasant fiction, these matters as loose rumours, and avoid the ex- opened a bouleva d rd in called iltof t i h t e T T o o u n ro r - o sta d t, made it a tip pression of a direct opinion upon the ukase spoken top A r - o h a adnda d handsome souvenir of the excursion to P om p e ii of, as it is difficult to endors e a ll th a t i s sa id with . respect to Poland and the Poles. At the same time has been presented to Admiral and Mrs. Far ragu t i n t h e shape of two volumes of a valuable 'folio work containing I cannot help saying that a long series of years a number of c hromo-lithographic plates, representin g all must have so intermingled Poland with its Russian the principal monuments and works of art in Pompeii. neighbours that perhaps the merging of that un- This book, published bySigrlorFau Niccolini,Museum, ouseumsenclosed the in happy country for ever into one common national- sub-directortellig:d nt olio r tf o bearing the colours of the United of the an National - f ity may be the most efficient remedy for its in Navy, a ll o y, and m ° on the cover is an inscription, foll ow i ng long series of calamities. It does not appear States possible for it to exist as a small iudepen which are the names of the gentlemen who offered this testimonial of their regard to the high qualities of the Ad dent sovereignty in the very heart of Russia, miral. They are—Mr. W. H. Aspinwall, Mr. James Law as it is evident that the time for the in- rence, Mr. Robert Rogers, Mr. W. H. Frear, and Mr. Tur tervention of the Great Powers of Europe ner Sargent. has long since gone by. The differences between Colonel Begot, , accompanied by Lord Downe Denmark and Prussia as to the retrocession of the (lordso seemwotinod toa e v d e a come down to "accompanyin g " com tiger, who seized the colonel by th e leg provinces of Schleswig-Holstein form at present one movers), the lord and a shikarree over, and was th en of the gravest points of European interest, not for shot dead by a sepoy. The colonel's leg was damaged and the intrinsic value of the territory disputed, but for Lord Downe's clothes torn, and he was bruised by the the complications that may possibly ensue there- charge as well as injured by l the claws. men in Colel Bagot is t from, as it is said that Denmark looks for sup- a great shikarree, as the . y th calslndia, and w marvellous por tales. port to France and Austria, a rumour which the known in connection h w has assumed the command of visit of the Danish Minister of War to France General Buchanan has and has ordered members of Con would tend to confirm. At the same time it is certain militarytghreesssthand State officers for Louisiana to be voted for that negotiations have been broken off for the pre- simultaneously with the vote upon the ratification of the sent between her and Prussia. In Germany the new constitution. Southern States appear to be distrustful in regard to The Rev. Dr. Beckwith, of Louisiana, who has being drawn into a union and consolidated with the just been elected Bishop of the Protestant l Ep f iscof i al d C . hurch North, with Prussia at the head of affairs. Whilst Pre- in Georgia, has departed from New O n sident Bismarck, after publishing a manifesto to the The House of Representatives has directed the effect tha.tNorthera G ermany will not compel the South Secretaryen the of State t o to G procure eorge Wright, master of the British goldht, chronometer, and pre to an alliance, takes care to inform them that when- seat vessel J. and G. Wright, "as a recognition of his humane ever they spontaneously desire such an union they and successful efforts in rescuing three seamen from an will be fraternally received, and that no Foreign American vessel, the Lizzie F. Chate." Power shall be allowed to interfere with such an Professor Gamgee, of the London Veterinary arrangement. In Roumania, the Legislature has College, has given evidence before the House Committee recently passed an edict enforcing more sternly than on Agricult ure u p on th e ca ttl e disease.; He was employed before e h before the pains, penalties, and disabilities of the un- break by the f fhb British tt Go k, verni d nent with attempt gre is a tosebeeeemee on ade to secure happy Israelites. According ta the despatches pub- b lisped recently in the Siecle, the English and Italian the Professor's services for th e U n it e d St a t es . Ambassadors at Paris have taken the initiative in Mr. Dicken s h as acce pt e d a comp li mentary di nner f in ro the press of the country, :just previous to his de protesting against this act of barbarity. In Italy parture for England, and it will take place at New York, the Chamber of Deputies passed by a majority of 35 April 18. The affair was arranged and will be mostly at a tax upon the g r inding of cereals per quintal, tonodteiebeyda s h the tNewe most fitting person to p res id e . The York editors, and Hora ce G ree l ey i s which is in every case to be paid to the miller be- on fore removal. It is believed that this tax will bring price of tickets is only $l5 each. into the Government Treasury 90 millions of francs; it remains to be seen how it will be taken up by the Italians, who have never appreciated au impost of this sort from the days of Itteuzi to the present time, especially as it will tell equally upon the tradesman and the agriculturist. In France the law proposed by the Government upon the right of reunions has been passed by an overwhelming majority, the few enteutes which have taken place at Toulouse and other places—from a misuuderetaud ing of the bearing of the recent law ou military organization, especially with ' reference ti that of the Garde Mobile —have been promptly ap peased, and his Excellency M. Pittard, Mi nister of the Interior, has written a letter to the Baron Duliinbert, Prefect for the Haut Garonne, who had been accused by the press of in efficiency on the occasion of the little brouillerie at Jouloun, explaining that the Government was perfectly satisfied with his conduct ; but that whilst engaged in carrying out a course of liberal measures for the benefit of the nation, they should be prepared to act with the greatest firmness in putting down those incendiaries who should attempt to deceive or mislead the people. In contradistinc tion to the retrogression as regards Liberal princi ples evinced by Russia and Roumania, Austria has embroiled herself somewhat with the Pope on ac count of the passing of the Law of Marriage Bill, whilst in the British Parliament Mr. Glad stone brings forward the sweeping doctrine of getting rid of the Established Church in Ireland. I should like to express an opinion on this subject, as having had some slight experience of Ireland. However, as 3 our French correspondent, that duty does not devolve upon me. The vast scope given to the programme of the coming International Exhibition at Havre initiated upon by the success of the recent Universal 'Exhibition at Paris causes great excitement amongst seafaring men of all ranks; there have been already maritime exposi tions, but none with the scope of the present, the first having been inaugurated seven years ago by Holland, to whom the empire of the sea once belonged, and who, it is said, once swept the sea with a broom at the masthead. Norway followed- the example, which was also subse quently imitated by one or two French ports. The exhibitions were, however, meagre, and having reference to fishing only. The races at Vincennes came off on Monday last with great éclat. Prix des Hares, 3,000 f., Glycine beating Luue de Miel, Rarely, Isoline, and Ben ; it is singular to remark that of five horses entered all ran and came in in the order of the entry. Prix de la Marne, 1 ,500 f., won by Royal Junior, beating Sbakspeare and Aurore, Prix de Daumesnil, Champ d'Oiseau, followed by his confrere of the Ecurier Floreal; both these horses belong to the Baron Finot, and are thoroughly good. The Duke of Hamilton picked up the last handicap with Royal Tartan, Rogue number two in the race. The regattas of the Paris Rowing Club commenced on Sunday last, but the performances were comparatively uninteresting, being confined chiefly to sculling matches. Some im portant races come off next week. RAILWAYS IN 7HE UNITED STATES. (Continued from. a Late Naniber.) Those who traced the outline of the great fight between Vanderbilt and Drew for the control of the Erie Rai!way, given last Saturday in these columns, may have marvelled at the gigantic nature of the operations, at the huge forces brought on each side to bear against the adversary, and at the apparently reckless conduct of the war. Why should people already rich and powerful throw themselves into a struggle which must end, if carried to extremity, in the ruin of one:side, and of serious injury to all? The truth is, that there looms in the background a magnificent prize, visible to the keen eye of a Van derbilt, who believes, on good grounds, that if he succeeds in ceutreing in his hands the great trunk lines from New York leading West, in a few years hence he will wield a power second only to that of such potentates as a Czar or a Napoleon. Com modore Vanderbilt is not merely fighting for money ; he is contending for a position which, commercially, will be the greatest in the world. It must be borne in mind that New York is a ter minus of the Union Pacific Railway ; that that railway will be open in 1870, and that New York will then quickly become the great centre of com merce and travel. The lines now controlled by Vanderbilt are of immense importance. The New York Central in 1866 had 555 miles of road open, at a cost of $ 3 2,740,000. Supposing that he succeeded in adding the Erie to his consolida tion—he would control the lines connecting the Western system with New York—that is, be would hold in his hand the terminus of the highway between West and East, between the Atlantic and Pacific, between Europe and China. Preparations are now being made on the Hudson River to accommodate the anticipated trade. Already the tide of emigration is strongly setting to the West. Vast though the traffic has been centreing in New York, yet all the 'Western lines have but ended in a waste. Tracing these high ways from their outlets, you but come to the foun tains whence flowed the stream which grew into a river on its way to the sea. 'What the stream of traffic will be may be conjectured when the river is turned into a broad canal between two oceans having au equal outlet on each. The increase in the earnings of some of the Western railroads may be gathered from the following figures. In 1863 the Chicago and North Western earned $2,811,544, in 1867 $11,532,348; the Chicago, Rock Island, and Pacific earned in 1863 $1,959,267, in 1867 $4,153,281 ; the Michigan Southern earned in 1863 $3,302,543, in 1867 $4,613,754; the Toledo, Wa bash, and 'Western earned in 1863 $1,439,798, and in 1867 $3,784,816. This, remembering the de pressing influence of the great war, represents fairly the steady growth of the West—a growth that even in itself must make the lines connecting the city of New York with these States eventually the most important of all railway communications. Con gress has been applied to by a combination of rail way companies created by Missouri, Arkansas, and Texas for aid to form a line from a point opposite Cairo on the Mississippi River to a point on the Rio Grande, in the direction of San Bias, on the Pacific coast. It is proposed to carry this road through the south-eastern portion of Missouri, the centre of Arkansas, and Texas, and eventually to connect with a road to be built within the Republic of Mexico, extending either to the capital or to San Blas. Supposing such a line to be formed, the en tire distance from Cairo to the Pacific Ocean at the harbour of San Blas would not exceed 1,600 miles, which, with 900 from Cairo to New York, would give the through route from New York to San Blas 2,500. The proposal has Then made to the Mexican Go vernment to construct these lines through the Re public, and it appears to be her only hope, as it seems impossible for any government to eradicate the national vice of thieving which induces the Mexicans to take to the road as almost the only profession open alike to all grades of society. Such a road would make the ports of the United States the chief outlets for Mexican produce, and save travellers from the depreciations of brigands, a system of lawlessuest3 which must eventually pro- Madame Miramon has arrived at Brussels ac companied by her children. Wilkes' Spirit, March 28, has some extremely amusing notes on what it calls the " Secret History of the Stage." We extract the following from its pages :—Blind Thomas is new in Washing ton. The bear which escaped from the ruins of Barnum's is now billed as the " Fire Imp." The underwriters have refused to allow Tweddie Hall, in Albany, to be let for theatrical purposes oftener than twice a month, three nights each engagement. Frank Mayo gives imitations of Charles Backus, the minstrel, and recites Poe's " Ravers." George Ross, gymnast and equestrian, well known in Cali fornia, was lately married in New Zealand to adaugh ter of Major-Gen. Kirby, of Nottingham, England. At least so says the San Francisco Dramatic Chro. nide. Mrs. Bowers opens at the San Francisco Metro politan Theatre in Marie Antoinette. Mrs. Gen. Lander succeeds Mrs. Bowers in San Francisco at the Metropolitan.—The Martinetti Troupe lost about $15,000 in Australia, and are anxious to get away,—The Grams Valley (California) Theatre was hibit movement in the country. It would also establish an international link from Ottawa, the seat of Government of the Dominion, to Mexico, - binding together the three great nations of Northern America. The company asks from Congress twelve millions of dollars in Government Six pe r Cent. Bonds payable in sixty years. An air line road from New York to New Orleans is also projected, which will shorten the communication by two hun dred miles, and the New Orleans and Selma Rail road is working to secure this end. If the line be continued to Mazatlan on the Gulf of California there will be a through route somewhat similar to the above project. The President of the New Orleans and Selina Railroad, who has recently passed over the country, reports very favourably, and announces that the landowners will give a million acres of land in aid. One of the effects of thus opening Texas would be to cheapen meat in the great cities of the North. The rich grazing dis tricts of the " Lone-Star" State feed between three and four rr head of cattle, the average Pric e of each fatted beast being from three to eight dollars, and the best quality of beef selling in the markets of Texas from two to three cents per pound. Thus we have three great lines proj.2cted, which will bring New York into cozninn nication with the Pacific at points South of San Francisco. First there is the Union Pacific (Eastern Division), to which we have so often alluded, des tined to be carried through New Mexico, Arizona, and Southern California, touching the head waters of the Gulf of California, by means of the Colorado and San Diego on the ocean ; second, the line from Cairo, as proposed to Congress, by Missouri, As' kansas, and Texas, to be carried out in conjunction with the Republic of Mexico, touching the Rio Grande, and thus communicating with the Atlantic , and connecting with two lines of which one will run to San Bias ; third, the air line from New York to Nevi Orleans continuing to Mazatlan on the Gulf of Cali' fornia. Besides these, both Canada and the State of Oregon have shown great anxiety to. establish Northern Pacific routes. The San Francisco Bul letin announces it is almost a certainty that a great railway will be built, at an early day, from the hea d waters of Lake Superior, to the head waters of Puget's Sound ; and on the Bth of March Mr. A' Waddington read to the Geographical Society, in London, a paper entitled " The Geography and Mountain Passes of British Columbia," with refer ence to an early route. The subject has bee° warmly taken up by many gentlemen in England , • as well as in Canada, with a view to establish such a route through British territory. The line, Wit h the proposed terminus in Oregon, will run throug h Daeotah, Montana, Idaho, and Minnesota, to St . , Paul, where it w ill connect with Chicago by a road through the pine forests of Wisconsin. These ar e gigantic projects, which, with other people, a nd in another country, would be regarded as mere "castles in the air." They are, however, all either in pr° - cess of construction, or actually surveyed, the cos calculated, and the means at least partially secured' —Anglo-American l imes. • ITALIAN WINES. Italy is a country of vines, and produces, accord" ng to recent statistics, nearly 29,000,000 necto' itres of wine, the hectolitre being equal to abou t 22 imperial gallons--a larger quantity than an/ other country, with the exception of France, th e yearly produce of which is 45,000,000 hectolitres . Mr. Colnaglii, her Majesty's consul, in his report o e the exhibition and fair of Italian wines, held last Sa' at Alessandria, states that the hills of the Astigio A ' the Upper and Lower Monferrat, the Alessandrin o f the Tortonese, and the plain of Marengo, are in gre et part covered with vines. For 17 years the plant s have suffered considerably from the ravages of th e oidium. Where the vines have suffered least from the disease the plants were set in lines so as to for ei a continuous bower 23 inches high, and about A yard in breadth. The grapes lying low under th i° shelter have been rarely attacked by the disease, which has .not spared loftier plants on ° l° same soil. At the Exhibiti on a b ou t 74 0 samples of different qualities of wines of the pre" viuce of Allessaudria and about 250 samples frool the rest of It a ly were su b m i tte d . The wines of Alessandria obtained th e pre f erence over those 'A other districts, and c arr i e d o ff t h e only two VI: medals awarded. It app ears t h at t h e qualities w hic" have the greatest reputation are the white sparkling wines of Cauelli, and the re I wines bearing the names of the grapes of which they are made—Barber A c i Griguolino, Nebbiolo, Bi ac h et t o , D o l cetto , a nd Bonarda. There are also sever a l var i e ti es o f swee" 4,. wines made from the muscatel and malvoisie grap es ' grown in the district of Ac qu i, w hi c h are pleas3ll to the taste. Other provinces of Piedmont produc e excellent wines, such as those from the districts of Alba, Nerano, Cortese, &c. A rich white Wi tt° —Caluso —may be m en ti one d f rom t h e di s t r ict ", Ivrea ; also the red wines of Gattinara a nd CO; piglione. Turin i s ce l e b ra t e d f or V ermou th, bitter, made with a light wine mixed with herb s ' Great carelessnes s i n th e method of making w ill has hitherto almost neu t ra li se d , as f ar as re gards foreign trade, the excellent advantage of Pi° l- ` ; moat as a wine-prod uc i ng country. Th e great mass of the produ c ti on , b a dl y ma d e o f unso rted grapes, was generally thi c k , bl ack, and rJugli t 6 the taste, which spoilt by k eep i ng, and was Lllna't for exportation. The gro wers h a d to cons id e r the tastes of their custome rs , w h o apprec i ate d these wines. Those who p ro d uce d a c l ear, b r i llian t, Wi improved liquor we re consequent l y l eft w i t h°l lt purchasers. The taste of the North Italians I° ' however, reported to be improving. The Piedna° ll ; tese growers desire to establish a trade in wi e to with Gre a t B r it a i n , b u t M r. C o l nag bi re por ts that at present the ordinary Fiedmoote4 wines could n o t com p e t e i n th e E ng li s h market With the ordinary w i nes o f o th er countr i es on a ceollo t of the origin a l p r i ce b e i ng hi g h er , an d a l so beeo so they are overburdened w id a c h arges o f a ll kinds ° 0 their way to the port of e m b arca ti an , G enoa . Th e eo causes of the high p r i ce s o f th ese or di nar y were to be found, first, in the expensive method Itt use in cultivati ng th e v i ne; an d secon dl y, t h a t th ese , qualities h ar dly sufficed for the consumption e ; Turin, Genoa, the plain of Lomellina, Milan, 311 Lombardy, which were their natural markets. !ADVERTISEMENT.]--Holloway's Ointment and Pi 116 .5 Fear Not.—Th oug h surrounded by c i rcums t anc es dis!' d, vantageous to health, these remedies, if properly aPPi t will cut short feveis, influenza, inflammation,"diphtli to and a host of other complaints alw a y s l ur king abc.tty seize on the weak, forlorn, and unwafy. The super i P,i,or of Holloway's medicines has been so fully and w to proved for subduing disease that it is only neccssarY ask the afflicted to give them a t r i a l ; an d if the instru4 tions folded round them be followed, no disappointa l % will over ensue or dangerous consequences result• l a hoarseness and ulcerated sore throat the ointment sb °u It frequently be rubbed on the:neck and top of the ch° s 'ae, wilt arrest the increasing inflammation, allay inquietil and gradually cure. Births. 13 LONGFORD—On Good Friday, the Countess of Longfor d , of a daughter. OGILVY —On the 9th inst., at Auchterhouse, Dundee, the lion. Mrs. Ogilvy, of a son. oat PHILLIPS - On the 10th inst., Mrs. L. P. Phillips, of G r Portland-street, of a daughter. Marriages. 10 BLACKMORE—WALLIKER— On the 9th inst., at St.Step-re,,o, Church, Hull, Paul Blackmore, of 2, Harley-street, 11" to Sarah Louisa. eldest daughter of Samuel Wallil° Postmaster of HUB.. STANDISH—SPICER—On the 9th inst , at St. .0..- 3 ; e b, Coventry, T. Standish, 31.R.C.5., of -- West Brogisqo Staffordshire, to Esther, youngest daughter of the Edward Spicer, King's Langley, Herts. Deaths. Rtlr BALMAIX—On the 10th inst. at at Hockliffe, Leighton zard, Fletcher Norton Bahnain, late Madras Ca" aged 86. CHAMBERS— On the 10th inst., at Forest -lane, Stra , '" Essex, Thomas Chambers, Esq., aged 80. I , notllE—On the 9th inst., at Chelston Cross, Zo i g U Lieut. Arthur 11. Fronde, R.N., aged 23. e: 1 £lluvEY On the Bth inst., at The Lodge, Uppe r the Kent, Rear-Admiral Thomas Harvey, eldest son of late Vice-Admiral Sir T. Harvey, K.C.8., aged 5 8 . - JosEs —On the 9th inst., at 15, Montpelier-row, f 3l ' heath, Robert Goddard Jones. ~„„n o n: SMITH—On the 10th inst., Mr. Jonas Smith, at 1 8 .:,";103 01 1 bury-park north, and late of the Bank of DObr aged 74. 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