The Sun. — London, England, 1850-05-01 00:00:00

Now ready, at all the Libraries, in 3 vols., I N AN D SORROW. A TALE. " No gloom of woe or want, The radiance can abate, Where Heave, delights to haunt."— Christia, Year. Tenre Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. - OLAND ROOMS. FOLEY-STREET, PORTLAND-PLACE. 13ACHELOAS beg to announce to their friends and the public, that their GRAND PLAIN DRESS BALL, under the direction of Mr. Albert Leonard, will take place at t , c, above Rooms, on FRIDAY NEXT, MAT 3, 1650, not this eveninT,, as stated in the " Times" in errer this day. Tickets, 2s. 6d. each, to be had only at Jackson's Library, Opera Aroade ; and at the Rooms on the night of the Ball. FrER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. A Grand Classical, Dramatic, Miscellaneous Concerted MUSICAL ENTERTAINMENT will be given early in the month of MAY. selected from the following admired authors :—Weber, Spohr, Purcell, 31. Leeks, Spontini, Paesiello, Meyerbeer, resa, Haydn, Beethoven, Rossini, and embracing several highly interesting novelties. on this occasion will appear Madame Sontag, Mdlle. i'arodt, Md'le. Giuliani, Miss Catherine Hayes. 3ldlle. Ida Bertrand, and Madame Frezzolini ; Signori Calzorall, Sims Reeves, Baucarde, Coletti, lielletti, Lorenzo, and F. Labiache. Herr Muller and Signor Lablache, supported by all the Instrumental and Choral resources of the Theatre. The whole under the direction of Mr. Balfe. Amongst othot•,novelties, Madame Sontag will have the honour to sing the " Suris's Airs," by Eckert, and the variations on " Ah Tons dlrai-je," by Adolphe Adam, as sung by her with the most enthusi astic success at the Concerts of the Grand Conservatoire of Paris; in addition to which will he presented a Trio for three Tenors, a Trio for three Pas es, aid a Trio for three Sopranos. Frill particulars will be shortly announced. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. GRAND EXTRA NIGHT. Comprising the talent!' of Madame Songtaq, Signori Rancarde, Sims Reeves, Colett% Itelletti, and Lablaehe ; Mdlle. Carlotta Grid', Mdlle. Marie Taglioni, and Ildlle. Anialia Ferraris, Will take place TO-MORROW EVENING, when will be presented (for the first time this season) Belilni's cele brated Opera LA SONSAMBULA. Amin', Madame Sontag ; Lisa, Mdlle. Malporate ; Count Re dolpho, Signor Belletti ; Elvin°, Mr. Sims Reeves (for this occasion only). In the course of the evening will be presented (for the first time) a new and original Grand Pas de Trois (composed by M. Paul Taglioni, the Music by Signor Pugni), entitled LES GRACES, Euphrosine, .Mlle. Carlotta Grisi ; Thalia, Mille. Marie Tagliont ; Egle, Mille. Amalia Ferraris. After which selections from Rossini's celebrated Opera, GUGLIELMO TELL. Arnold°. Signor Baucarde ; Guglielmo Tell, Signor Celettl; Walter, Signor Lablache. To conclude with the last scene of the admired Ice Ballet, by M. P. Taglioni, entitled LES PLAISIRS DE L'IIIVER ; on, Les Patinenrs Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box. Office of the Theatre. ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA, COVENT-GARDEN. TO-MORROW EVENING I GRAND EXTRA NIGHT Will take place, on whieh occasion will be performed (for the first time this season) 3leyerbeer's Grand Opera, LES HUGUENOTS. Valentina, Madame Grisi ; Margarita di Valois, Madame Cas tellan; Dama d'Onorc, Madile. Cotti ; Urbano, Medlin. do Merle the Iluguenot Soldier, Signor Lavia ; Il Conti di San Brie, Signor Tagliatico ; Il Conte di Severs, M. Alassol ; De Cosse, Signor Lu;gi _Met ; De Retz, Signor Polonini ; Meru, Signor. Rommi ; Mastrevert, Signor Soldi ; Capitano della Guardia, Signor Talamo ; Marcell°, Herr Formes ; and Raul di Nangie, Signor Mario. Composer, Director of tho Music, and Conductor, Mr. Costa. Tie Doors will he opened at Halt-past Seven, and the performances commence at Eight o'clock precisely. Tickets for the Boxes, Stalls, or the Pit, may be had (for the sight •r season), at the Box-office of the Theatre, which is open from Ten till Five. FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. o3itively the last appearances but One of the eminent comediens, M. Samson and Madlle. Denain, and the first appearances of Mons. Resider and Madl:e. Nathalie. THIS EVENING The Performances will commence at Eight o'clock precisely, with or the first time in this country) Scribe's celebrated Comedy, In Five acts, entitled LA. CAMARADERIE ; on, La Courte-Echelle. Le Comte de lirfiremont, M. Samson; Bernardet, M. Regnier ; C Ssarine, Madlle. Denain; Zoe, Madlle. Netball°. The Doa-office of the Theatre is open daily from Eleven till F Iv. Roses and Stalls at Mr. Mitchell's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond street. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lessee has great pleasure in stating that the growing attraction of the Grand Easter Spectacle of the DEVIL'S RING, Tog Cher with the urgent recommendation from all quarters that it should he continued, has induced him to make such arrangements as will meet the general wish, and supersede, for the present, the necessity of closing the Theatre. THIS EVENING, For the Benefit of Miss Vandenhoff, Will be presented, by her Majesty's Servants, Sopitccles' classical Tragedy of ANTIGONE, with new scenery, dresses, and appointments, and all the Grand Choruses by Dr. Felix 3lendelssohn Bartholdy, adapted to the modern stage by W. Bartholomew, Esq. Creon, Mr. Vadenhoff ; Antigone, Miss Vandenhoff ; Tiresius, Mr. Cooper ; Dimon*, Miss rhilli ps. After which THE DEVIL'S RING ; or, Fire, Water, Earth, and Air. In Three Acts and Four Elements. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Broraptoi. EVENINU, Will be performed MUCH ADO ABOUT NnTHING. Don Pedro, Mr. Selby ; Don John, Mr. Braid ; Claudio, Mr. Bowe ; Renwick, Mr. J. Wallack ; Dogberry, Mr. Keeley ; Verges, Mr. Buckstene ; Beatrice, Mrs. Warner (her third appearance in that character) ; Hero, Miss Tteynolds. To conclude with the Last Edition of IVANHOE, with all the newest improvements. Cedric the Saxon, Mr. J. Bland ; Sir Briant de Bore Gailbert, Mr. Selby; Sir Wilfrid of Ivanhoe, Mrs. Keeley; Wamba, Mr. Buck scone ; Isaac of York, Mr. Keeley; Robin Hood, Mrs. Fitzwilliam ; B. , ,becca, Miss P. Horton. The Dbx-ofilse is under the direction of Mr. I. T. Archer. THEATRE ROYAL, AGELPIII. Under the direction of Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, Will be performed the celebrated drama of THE MYSTERIOUS STRANGER. Count Henry Beausoleil, Mr. Hughes; Count Tanille, Mr. Boyce ; Captain Gasconade, Mr. Worrell; Madame Celeste ; Duplumet, air. Cullenford ; Madlle. de Nantelle, Miss E. Harding. To he followed by a grand historical Spectacle Vaudeville, entitled PLAYING FIRS!' FIDDLE; or, Follow my Leader Principal Characters by Messrs. P. Bedford, Lambert, Madame Celeste, Miss Woolgar, and Miss K. Fltzwilliam. To conclude with MY PRECIOUS BETSY. Characters by Messrs. Wright, Bedford, Worrell; Miss Harding, and Mrs. F. Matthews. ROYAL LYCEUM' THEATRE THIS EVENING Will be performed CHARLES THE TWELFTH. After ishich (27th time) a Lyrical, Cumical Pastoral, entitled CY MON and I PHIGENIA, altered from the text et David Garrick. Characters by Messrs. C. Mathews, Harley, F. Matthews, R. Roxby, F. Cooke; Mi.s St. George, Miss Kenworthy, Miss H. Gilbert, Mrs. Ilumby, Miss Oliver, bliss Manners, and Miss Martindale. To conclude with TWO IN THE MORNING. All applications for Private Boxes must be made to Mr. ♦ileroft 15, New Bond-street. The Box-office, adjoining the Theatre, in Wellington-street, is open daily from Ten to Six o'clock, under the superintendence of Mr. T. F. Bennett. PRINCESS'S TIIEATRE. H bi EVENING. Will be presented the entirely new Opera (composedexpressly for this Theatre, by Signor F. Schira), entitled TIIE °PHAN OF GENEVA. Count do Merylllc, Mr. 4.11 en ; Carwin, Mr. Weiss; Fontaine, Mr, 11. Corri ; Picard, Mr. Letter; Levine, Mr. Wynn; Therese, Misej.ouisa Pyne. After which a New Grand Tale of Enchantment, with splendid Scenery, Costumes, and Appointments; extensive Idachinery, &c., entitled --- THE QUEEN OF THE ROSES; or, The Sorcerer of Candahar. Principal characters by Messrs. Ryder, Forman, Honey, Craven ; 311. s Louisa Howard, Ai iSS Saunders, and Miss Yillars. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty. Triumphant success of the new grand Easter Spectacle of Enehant ment.—Reappearance of that extraordinary and talented Artiste, MAU°. Gardoni, on the Tight Rope. THIS EVENING _ _ _ The Entertainments will commence at Seven o'clock, with Fitzbairs magnificent Spectacle, entitled THE FOUR SONS OF AYMON ; or The Days of Charlemagne. rroduced with great splendour, and introducing the whole of the vast resources of this Establishment, including the beautiful Stud, together with the Camels, Zebras, &c., &c. To be succeeded by the talented Male and Female Artists of the Establishment. To conclude with the interesting Melodrama of MEG MURDOCK ; or, the Fatal Glen. Box-office open From Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. W. West. lIIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. TRIB DAy Morning 45 min. after 4 I Evening 2 min. after S To-Motauw—Votning 20 min. after 5 I Evening 41 min. after 5 THE WEATHER. — SUN OFFICE, MAY 1. THERMOMETER. 49—highest since noon yesterday. 8 8—lowest this morning and during the night. 45—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, 30.09. WnID N.E.— alight rain in the morning; afternoon, fine. ..., , ~„ A ,k. ~ , .,1; ' \ - • '"-.. - a r)(,- '-' '''.4" 4 .., ~,,i ' ,1 , V .itt \., ../. 4 , , .-v SROib ~': • 11...„.'.,. v,, '. 1' 'tl'• ~ 0 , 4,:?:i... eltenina anz LONDON, WEDNESDAY, MAY 1, MO. Our Republican neighbours are certainly fond of imparting a theatrical colouring to their political de monstrations,. Latterly, however, even in their most melodramatic proceedings, there has been a profound and earnest significance : ex. gr. the triumphant re turn of t h e s ensuous, or we might rather say the sensual, romancist M. EUGENE SUE, as the Parisian representative. The announcement of this event as the result of the late parliamentary contest in the French capital has startled the timorous into an un usual display of timidity. Du rin g the earlier part of Monday night the streets an d boulevards of the Republican capital swarmed with an anxious multitude, betraying in their whole bearing, and conversation the extent of their excite mCiit. Under every l amp - post co ll e cted a group of eager politicians devouring the evening newspapers. Elsewhere the stump orators gesticulated and de with their h a bit ua l f ervour. S pec ulators congregated in the Pasage de l'Opera, and very speedily, or rather forthwith, the funds dropped down twe-and-a-half per cent., threatening a yet greater depression before the closing of the Bourse. Never theleis, in rpite of the general agitation, patrols were allowed to pass unmolested to and fro throughout the night, and the consequence was that Paris was pre served in a state of comparative tranquillity. All these appearances go far to prove how deeply the popular anxiety has been probed by the im portant election just brought to a conclusion. M. LECLERC, the representative of the party of authority, called the party of order, contrived to secure only 117,177 votes out of 249 sections of the department of the Seine ; whereas M. SUE, the Socialist, and ultra-democratic candidate, obtained from the same number of sections no less a majority than 8,175, his supporters being estimated at 125,352 ! Subsequent returns from the two remaining sections of the 251 into which the metropolitan department is divided, brings up the majority of the Socialist candidate to very nearly ten thousand over and above the number of votes conceded to his Conservative antagonist. The victory thus secured to the ultra-Republican is regarded less as a personal ovation of a very brilliant but demoralising genius, whose romances have long been investing him with an enormous popularity, than as a stern demon eration against the Droit in the Legislative Assembly, the Conservative conspirators who are plotting treason to the Republican Constitution, the agents of a disguised royalty and a covert absolutism. It is, moreover, conceived by the more sagacious observers of these occurrences, that the triumphant election of M. EUGENE SUE, as the representative of the Parisians, is remarkable for a double significance of a most ex traordinary character. It is said for example, sad with no inconsiderable show of reason, that a certain attractive theory of idealized Communism was ad vanced by M. EUGENE Sun in his celebrated fiction of the Alf Errant, and that, therefore, his sue-• cess is a step en avant for the Communistic multitude. It is suggested again by others that, seeing the villanous portraiture of le Pere RODIN in the same romance, and the grim representation of the whole ecclesiastical fabric, with its regu lations and its functionaries, the triumph of M. Eu- GENE SUE must be regarded as nothing less than " a heavy blow and a great discouragement " to the clerical faction called the parti-pretre. The rea sonableness of all these conjectures with regard to a candidate such as M. EUGENE SUE must be suffi ciently obvious, especially in reference to a con stituency as excitable and eccentric as the Parisians. Should the election of the Socialist in preference to the Conservative, the nominee of the Gauche instead of the Droit, the ultra-democrat in place of the ultra , reactionary, be productive of no other advantage to the cause of true freedom among the citizens of the French Republic, it will act as a powerful (would that it might prove an adequate !) warning to the royalist conspirators. Unhappily these men are so blinded by the engrossing fascinw tion of their plots, that it is scarcely possible they will hear the present any more than they have done any previous warning, uttered though it be in a voice of thunder, and glaring before them as it does with the vividness of lightning. Much as is said about the fickleness of the French, and especially of the Parisians, it is certain that of all the races of Chris tendom they have been perhaps the most long-snf fering. For 18 years they tolerated the evil govern ment of a Prince, raised by them to the monarchical dignity only to betray, and to fleece, and to disgrace thirty millions of benefactors. During many centu ries they bent their necks obediently to the yoke of the ancient dynasty. In 1789, and in 1830, and in 1848 they rose only at the last extreTity to rid them• selves of the intGlerat:e and grinding domination of their oppressors. Yet these are the men who are denied the virtue of endurance. Yet, yet these are the men against whom the royalist conspirators the apologists of absolutism, the ultra-conservatives, the ultra-reactionnaries, are plotting with such insane audacity. Madmen as they are, these schemers in behalf of despotism " have forgotten nothing, have learnt nothing," they have seen to no purpose the awful truths disclosed in the giant outbreaks of Sep tember, of July, and of February. They think not, these miserable beings, infatuated with the glitter of an imaginary regalia, of the irresistible force of those national " Hopes and fears long subdued, Subdued and cherished long." Let them know, before too late, that this force has grown at last to be incapable of resistance, and that the energy inspired by those hopes and fears can defy all opposition, whether that of open antagonists or of secret conspirators. One of the results of the alteration in the corn-laws, and that, perhaps, not the least remarkable or im portant, is the total change effected in the views and sentiments of the Protectionists, or, as they love to style themselves, the Cauntry Party. They have now become zealous and energetic financial reformers, bringing forward and voting in favour of economy and retrenchment, and scrutinizing the national expenditure with curious eyes. Even the veteran reformer, JOSEPH HUME, is scarcely more urgent for the application of the pruning knife than some of those who, in the " good old times," when monopoly reigned paramount, and the prices of all the chief necessaries of life were nearly double the present rates, would have thought such topics beneath their notice. We shall not, however, repudiate the services of our new allies because of their former errors. We shall no t inquire too curiously into the nature of the motives by which they may be actuated, but shall freely accept their proffered aid. The change is not on the part of the ancient friends of economy. We still re main faithful to our former principles; we are arrayed under the glorious standard, and we shall still continue to wage " war to the knife" against every species of extravagance, notwithstanding the unsoli cited adhesion of' former opponents, and the more unexpected desertion of former friends. Mr. HENLEY last night brought forward what may now be regarded as his annual motion, " for an address to her MAJESTY, praying that she would be graciously pleased to direct that a careful revision be made of the salaries and wages paid in every department of the public service, with a view to a just and adequate reduction thereof, due regard being had to the efficient performance of the , several duties." We cannot conceive a proposition in every respect more unobjectionable, or better deserving support. It did not imply that all salaries should be diminished without inquiry or without exception. It did not suggest that those which are already too low should be further reduced without considering the nature of the duties to be performed, or the qualifica tions required. It did not affirm that all officials received exorbitant remuneration for their ser vices. No such thing. All that could be deduced from its success would be that very many were too highly paid, considering the di minution of prices of all the necessaries and most of the luxuries of life; or, in other words, the great ap preciation in the value of money produced by the ex isting monetary code, and that, therefore, a cor responding reduction in the amount of salaries and perquisites that had been arranged under very diffe rent circumstances might fairly and reasonably be made. It might, in fact, as the Hon. Member for Sheffield justly remarked, r be ,s cjloiniasiirsdsetreed might s gh a t truism," which her MA JErr have accepted without the slightest s da a ng of er, tha and ka w io hi s c e h , Honourable Gentlemen on every side of every shade and variety of political opinion, might have sustained by their votes. But by rejecting the motion they practically decided_that no alteration was desirable, and that was the view which Mr. cnn practically affirmed by his arguments. The Hon. Gentleman seemed to think that it was something intended to damage the great cause of free trade, to deprive the working classes of the advan tages resulting from the abolition of the bread-tax — advantages to which they were so justly entitled; that, in fact, it might be considered as "a war upon aed:erweas there a greater mistake—never wages." Ha T more L err oneous had, v s i h ew oul t a ak h e a n ve o t f ho an ag y h s t u , b s j a e ffi ct c ; M guarded his propositi on aga i nst such a misconception, The concluding clause, " due regard being had to the efficient performance of the several duties," completely removed the ground from under his opponent, and an ticipated all his arguments. It was not aimed at the hard-worked and, under-paid employes. It was not directed at those who gave a " fair day's work in return for a fair day's wages." Such persons would not, in fact, be in any degree affected by the result. Their salaries would not be reduced below the fair value of their services ; they would still be at least as high, if not higher, than could be obtained from private employers. But there are some unquestionablyhowsehoorreeclediyveemxtorraevatghaanathsaelyaraieres justly entitled to, w have been rendered still more unreasonable by the of money. A striking i g i r lu ea st t ra a t l i t o e n ra w ti a o s n the Prerogative Court the case of the Registrar of aitfnotrhdeedvjauluset before the discussion , in actually of Canterbury, who, it appears, wa s joying no less than 12,000/. per annum fora l mos t that the fortunate J nominal duties—so slight, indeed, holder was also enabled to fill no less than three ecclesiastical preferments—a prebend of Canterbury, the Rectory of Ilunton, and the Rectory of Latchington, yielding a further revenue of 2,063/ per annum. Other instances, almost as glir ing, might be adduced, and yet, in the face of such facts, the chosen representatives of the people, the ap pointed guardians of the public purse, negatived the salutary proposition by a majority of 96. The num bers being, for putting the question, 178 ; against it, 269. The true ground on which to rest the case, how ever, is, as we have already stated, the great "appre ciation" in the value of money that has taken place under the Acts of 1619 and 1844. It is now admitted on all sides that the " purchasing power of a pound sterling," or, in other words, that command over the necessaries and comforts of life, which was conveyed by a sovereign or a one pound note, in the average if transactions in which it was employed some 30 years since, is more than doubled. This has been the result of our monetary legislation, and if those enact ►nents are to be maintained inviolate and perpetuated, a corresponding change should be made in every de partment. The pressure of the national debt has been increased in that proportion. Now we desire to maintain faith with the public creditor, but we cannot see why faith should not be maintained with the tax-payer, or why the former should receive twice the amount for which he stipulated—thus in creasing his resources at the expense of the latter. Many of the salaries now complained of were regulated according to the former value of money ; but when the latter has changed so considerably, why should the par ties now receive twice as much as was considered to le fair remuneration for their services at that time. This is the true light in which the subject should be regarded. It is, we verily believe, the view that will be taken by the great body of the people outside the walls of Parliament. We confess that we should 'greatly prefer a monetary reform that would restore things to their original position, and bring the value .f money to what it was when 600,000,0001. were added to the national debt. But if this just and rea sonable proposition be rejected—if Government still pertinaciously and obstinately adhere to our restric -ive currency laws, the only alternative is, that there , hould be " a careful revision of the salaries and wages paid in every department of the public service, with a view to a just and adequate reduction thereof, due regard being had to the efficient performance of the several duties." ACCOUCHEMENT OF HER MAJESTY. BIRTH OF A PRINCE. This morning at twenty minutes after Eight o'clock the Queen was safely delivered of a Prince. In the room with her Majesty were his Royal Highness Prince Albert, Dr. Locock, and Mrs. Lilly, the monthly nurse. And in the rooms adjoining were the other medical attendants, Sir James Clark and Dr. Ferguson, and the Ministers and Officers of State summoned on the occasion. The Privy Councillors present were the Duke of Wellington, Sir George Grey, the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, Lord John Russell, the .Duke of Norfolk, and the Marquis of B readalbane. NIONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, QUARTER 7 0 THREE. The sales of Cotton at Liverpool yesterday were esti mated at 10,000 bales, of which one half were taken for export and on specula'ion. The market was firm.— Railway Shares continued very dull and prices were drooping. The Stock Exchange is closed to-day, as customary on the lit of May. The Banker's Magazine for May states that the Money Marktt continues to be well supplied with capi tal, and for goOd three months' bills the rate of discount is still only a fraction above 2 per cent. per annum. The Bank minimum rate is 2i, as before. The bankers accept lodgments on call at something like 1i per cent. At these easy rates money is not a drug, and finds em ployment. " The Life Policies of Assurance Bill, we are sorry to say, has made no further progress, and has now little chance of success this session. We should like to see the Banking community, who are so directly interested in the success of this measure, strengthen the hands of its promoters by petition, or by private correspondence with friends who are Members of the House." The following is from Panama, relative to the revolu tion of Equidor:— " Guayaquil, March 4, 1850. “ A revolution broke out berion the 20th ultimo, prin t•ipally confined to the military. Don Diego Voroa was yesterday appointed Supreme Chief, and up to this date good order has been observed; but as our communica• tion with Quito is closed, and the principal citizens are ,trongly opposed to this revolutionary movement, it is impossible to judge of the duration or course it may pursue. ” El Mercurio, of Valparaiso, January 31st, states that in the month preceding the amount of flour ex ported from that port t California was 80,000 quintals, biting nearly 40,000 barrels. The same journal says that the population of California augments so rapidly that all the produces of their fields will not be sufficient to supply them with bread, adding that, to a North Ame rican, bread is an indispensable aliment. El Corco, of Lima, of February 9th, contains the Message of the President of the United States, sent to Congress, December, 1849. The question of extending to a farther period the monopoly granted hitherto to the Pacific Steamboat Company is not yet settled, and continues to be dis cussed in the journals of Lima, by long-winded corre spondents. In the Nova Scotia Legislature the following resolu tions were carried by a strong majority:- Ist. That if the United States remove existing duties on the following articles, the growth and production of British North America, the following articles be allowed to be imported into this province from the United States, duty free, ii 2. : Griin and breadstuffil of all kinds, vegetables, fruits, seeds, bay and straw. Animals, salted and fresh meats, butter, cheese, lard, tallow. hides, horns, wool, undressed skins, and furs of all kinds. Ores of all kinds, iron in pigs and blooms, copper, lead in pigs. Grindstones and stones of all kinds, earth, coals, lime, ochres, gypsum ground or unground, rock salt. Wood, timber, and lumber of all kinds, fire wood, ashes, bark. Fish, fish oil, train oil, spermaceti oil, head matter, and blubber, fins sad skins, the product of fish or crea tures liviag in the water. Accounts from Amsterdam state that very little was doing in the Funds on Sunday. Dutch Two-and• a- Half per Cents. 55 5-16. The confirmation of yesterday's reports that the Socialist candidate, Eugene Sue, was elected for Paris, and that the !undo had fallen Ito per cent , the ac count being very Bald:, has had some influence on prices hero, and there have been bargains. in the Sub scription-rooms at 95i i for Consols. At the Bank of England the half-yearly balance is being taken. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(THIS DAY.) LONDON, MAY I.—Wind at soon N. to W.N.W., light brew,, and, dull cloudy weather. Doistur, APan. 29.—Wind E.N.E.—Arrd. Royalist, Shapcott, Barbadoes. Sid. Ouzel. GuIL y, Trinidad. PORTSMOUTH, APRIL 30. Wind light airs, and variable. • • PADSTOW, APRIL 29.—A ship's long-boat, marked " Alexander Moreson" inside, has been picked up off Trevose Head, and brought in here. PENZANCE, APRIL 29.—The Jufrow, Abde, Liver. pool to Pernan, has put in leaky, making 3f feet water per hour. DONEGAL. APRIL 29.—The Lady Maxwell, of Gar liestown, Liverpool to Belmullet, foundered 26th in stant, Teeling Head bearing N.E. about ten miles; crew saved. _ GPM • DEAL, APRIL 30.—Wind E.N.E., fresh.—Arrd. from the River, ad s A ld pm ..Cyp 3 re o s .— Sld- British s, PLYMOUTH. Empire, Adelaide, South Australia. Off port, William Wallace, Bombay; Worcester, Hawkins, ditto, from Hull. L i y Eß poor., APRIL 30.—Wind N.E.—Acrd. Denison, King, Antigua; Esmeralda, M'Manus, New York; Frisk, Whiteway, Buenos Ayres; Champion, Barbadoes. Riverdale, Staten Island; Isaac Webb, New York; Strathmore, Boston; Campbell, St. Domingo; Randolph, Matanzas, Canada, Staten Island; Elizabeth, St. An drew's; Volumia, Montreal. Off port, Hannibal, Fer mora. FLEETWOOD.—Arrd. Conrad. M'Neil, Mazatlan. WATERFORD, APRIL 28.—Wind E.N.E. to E.S.E.— Sid. Andromache, Quebec. CLYDE, APRIL 29.—Arrd. Ann Bust, Moyne, Pata gonia; Martha Vineyard, Pye, New York; Trelawny, M'N« elsge, Jamaica. Sld. City of Glasgow, Calcutta; Santos, Havannah. DEATH OF SIR THOMAS CARTlVElGHT.—lntelli gence has been received at the British Legation in Berlin, from Stockholm, of the death of Sir Thomas Cartwright, her Majesty's envoy at the Court of Sweden. This melancholy event occurred after a few days' illness, in consequence, as it is said, of an inflammation or abscess in the throat. No man will be more lamented by the Cou:t to which he was accre dited, and by his colleagues, than this most worthy and popular gentleman. Sir Thomas had attained his fifty-fourth year, and had passed thirty-six years in tho diplomatirr. service. LANCASHIRE, CHESHIRE, AND STAFFORDSHIRE RAILWAY.—The affairs of this concern are to be wound-up, and as a preliminary step thereto, creditors are to lippsar and prove their debts before the piaster. MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN EXCHANGE-WEDNESDAY Scarcely any Euglish Wheat was on offer in to- d sy ' s markets. Tho few parcels brought forward were mostly'dis • posed of at prices folly equal t, those obtained on Monday last. Very few offers came to hand from the east coa s t to forward Wheats at present currencies. Nearly 12,000 quar ters of foreign Wheat have come fresh to hand this week. The show of samples was by no means extensive. All kinds were in but moderate request, yet the quotations were well supported in every instance. The supply of English Barley was small, that of foreign large. Most kinds moved off slowly at last week's prices. In Malt next to nothing doing at late rates. We had a large quantity of foreign Oats on the stands. A steady business was doing in that article, but we have no improvement to notice in value. Beans, Peas, Indian Corn, and Flour, as last advised. English • • • • • • Scotch. • • • • • • • Irish •••• • • • • Foreign • • • • • • ARRIVALS THIS WEEK. fIOYLOUGII EL Or NJUSUET. Our market is exceedingly inactive for all kinds of Hop=, at barely last week's quotations. 17JHETECHAPIEL. The general demand ruiedr3 7 lle;v;,at drooping prices. Beef, from N to 3s ; Mutton, 2s 2d to 3s 4d; 11.sn.bt, 4s 6d to 5s 6d ; Veal, 2s 8d to 3s 4d ; and Pork, 3s to 4s par Sibs, by the carcase. LYMINGTON ELECTION.—YESTERDAY. Tho last numbers polled were— Hutchins (Free-trader) Stewart (Protectionist) ..... Mr. Stewart resigned at about three r.u The official declaration was to be made at five THEATRE ROYAL DRURY-LANE. Julius Cesar was performed here last evening, and attracted - a crowded house. The cast was very strong. Vandenhoff was Brutus, Cooper Cassius, Emery Casca, and Anderson Mark Antony. He is the best Mark Antony who has appeared since Charles Kemble lelt the stage, and declaimed the celebrate , ' funeral oration with great propriety and eff ct. We were glad to find the house was crowded, because it shows that the love tor the drama is not extinct, and that to see a good play, strongly cast and well acted, people will gather t )gethpr as they did in days' of yore, ere the detestable star" system spoiled the drama by turning all our good plays into huge monopologues fur the display of the peculiar talent or charla'aistn, as the case might be, of one par denim. actor. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE OF TUESDAY. WHITEHALL, APRIL 19, 1850. _ The Lord Chancellor has appointed Joseph Challinor, of Leek, in the county of Stafford, Gent., to be a Master Extraordinary in the High Court of Chancery. BAN IiRUP William George Cte'y, omnibus proprietor, Poplar, to surrender May 7 and June 13, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Whitmore, official assignee, Basinghall street; M`Leod and Stenning, London -street, Fenchurch street. James Brighton, licensed victualler, Derby-street, Gray's Inn-road, May 7. at half-past one, a-id June 8, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Graham, official assignee; Dimmock and Burbey, Suffolk-lane, Cannon street. Thomas Collingwood, innkeeper, Nun& am Courtney, Oxfordshire, May 11, at half-past twelve, and June 22, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee, Guildhall-chambers, Basingball-street; Ford and Lloyd, Bloomsbury-square. • Anthony Edward Corvan, baker, Hampstead road, May 11, at half-past twelve, and June 22, at half-past eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee, Guildhall-chambers; Hubbard, Bucklersbury. James Guest, commission agent, Birmingham, May 13 and June 17, at eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Christie, official assignee, Birmingham; Raw lins and Rowley, Birmingham. John Brown, builder, Bristol, May 14, and June 11, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Miller, official assignee, Bristol; Harley, Bristol. James Villar, maltster, Leckhampton, Gloucester shire, May 13, at twelve, and Jane 10, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Hutton, official assignee, Bris tol; Winterbotham and Bell, Cheltenham. Charles Pearson, licensed victualler, Sheffield, May 11 and June 22. at ten, at the Leeds District Court, Sheffield. Freeman, official assignee, Sheffield; Cham bers, Sheffield. Conrad Greenhow, jun., timber merchant, Newcastle upon-Tyne, May 7, at half past ten, and July 10, at twelve, at the Newcastle-upon-Tyne District Court. Wakley, official assignee, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Hoyle, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; Crosley and Compton, Church court, Old Jewry. DALTILT-LAN EATRE.—BENEFIT OP Massas. PARKER AND BENTON.—These gentlemen, take their benefit at Drury-lane Theatre to-morrow evening. They have been long connected with the house, and most of our playgoing readers have, no doubt, been frequently indebted to the civility and kindness of Mr. Parker, at the box-office, while all who have ever had occasion to make inquiries at the stage door can bear testimony to the urbanity with which Mr. Benton performs his duties. These things will, we hope, be held in remembrance, and, if so, these gentlemen will have a bumper to-morrow night. The performance will commence with Hamlet , and conclude with the Devil's Ring. ST. JAMES'S SCOTCEI CRURCII, SWALLOW-STREET, PICCADILLY.— On Sunday morning last the Rev. John Caird, one of the most eloquent preachers of the Church of Scot land, preached in this church on behalf of the Scottish Church Missions. There were present in the church listening to the admirable discourse the Duke and Duchess of Argy.l, the Duchess of Sutherland, the Earl of Carlisle, Lord and Lady Blantyre, ➢lr. Fox Maule, and others of the Scottish nobility. _ _ _ EXHIBITION OF 1851.—The Royal Cjmmis•ioners have informed the city of London committee that they are prepared to take the greatest care in their power of all ob jects sent to the exhibition; but they are not prepared to incur a degree of responsibility unusual with regard to puLlic exhibitions. For this reason it has been already stated that exhibitors must be at the charge of insuring their own goods, and that the Commissioners cannot be responsible for any losses that may be occasioned by fire, or any other accident over which they have no control. They will spare no pains in making such p 'lice and other arrangements as may ap pear adequate for the protection of the exhibition and the security of articles exhibibited. They will of course give all the aid in their power for the, legal prosecution of all persons gu.lty of robbery or wilful injury of any of the articles in the exhibition, should such unfortunately occur in spite of the precautions which will be taken. A letter from Berlin states that Prince Adalbert of Prussia, the King's youngest brother, has contracted a morganatic marriage with Theresa Elssler, Fanny Elssler's sister. She is henceforward to bear the name of Madame de Bernau, which the King has sanctioned on the occasion of the marriage. CITY COMMISSION OF SEWERS.—TheCommiAsioners assembled at the Guildhall as usual yesterday—Mr. De puty Peacock in the chair; but the only business transacted on tho occasion was entirely of a routMe character, and there fore destitute of any interest. Tlit SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 1, 18,50. Barley. Oats. Malt. I Flour. 1 Wheat Qrs. Qrs. Qrs. Qrs. Sacks 830 150 1,310 1,620 11,6 - 5 . 0 I 6,7 - G0 26,020 IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS, April 30. OFFICIAL SALARIES. Mr. HENLEY then rose to move that an humble ad dress be presentei to her Majesty, humbly to request that she would be graciously pleased to diredt that a careful revision be made of the salaries and wages paid in every department of the public service, with a view to a just and adequate reduction thereof, due regard being had to the efficient performance of tee several duties. He believed this subject had not been to the fullest ex tent brought under revision since the year 1821. This House then voted an address to the Th rone on the than c i rcums tances, calling for a revision of the sa laries p aid to all members of the service,' and praying for a re duction of the numbers employed. That motion was afterwards referred, by minutes of the Tree sury, to the heads of the various departments, and more alterations and reductions took place in conse quence. That measure was afterwards followed up by a Committee of the.. House, which had referred to itq consi deration the salaries paid the officials who held seats either in that or in the other House of Parliament, w hich was somewhat analogous to the Committee which was appointed a short time ago. Another Committee appointed is the same year took sogrezince of the various officers who had here:ofore been paid out of the Civil List, and who from that time were thrown upon the Consolidated Fund. Tnese Commieees led to re ductions, but not of a great extent, and since that time there had been no furt her dealin g with the sub ject. It would, however , be in the recollectio n of the House that about Lwo years ago the present Government thought it right to refer the expenditure of the two great branches of the public service to the consideration of a Committee of this House, and he thought that of itself was a pretty strong indication that there was some thing special in the times to induce the Government of the 'country to take so very unusual a course. It chanced to Irina to have the honour of sitting on one of those Com mittees, but while the report of the Committee on the army estimates recommended reductions in the heads of departments, that of the Navy Committee was altogether silent on the subject; that brought them down to what took place the other day, when the Noble Lord at the head of the Govern ment brought forward a motion which was carried to refer certain limited branches of the service to a Select Committee. With what view the Noble Lord made that motion he did not know. He did not know whether the Noble Lord thought any incre tse or any reduction were necessary, because the Noble Lord did not tell them ; hut be could hardly suppose that the Noble Lord had any other object but a reduction in view. But, however th:it might be, he would slate shortly to the House the branches of the public service which the Noble Lord selected in the consideration of this Committee. Th e y were first the offices held by gentlemen who held seat; either in that, or the other House of Parliament; then there was the diplomatic corps ; and, lastly, there where what were called j u di c ial offices. Now, he was prepared to show that each of these separate branches stand upon si grounds, which some other branches did not. He would take first in order the ju di cial salaries. Now since reference must be had to the remunera tion received by emi nent men practising iu the same profession o f e q ual dignity, that was an important element which must enter into the consideration of the question of what ought to be paid to an eminent auvocsto on undertaking a judicial office, and therefore he maintained that this branch of the public service stood upon grounds of its own.—(Hear, hear.) He now came to the diplo matic service. Of course a separate element which must enter, into the consideration of that question must be the restricted circle of men of ability from whom they could select individuals to fill the office. They must also take into account this expenses which an seees s s e sear was neccesarily ,:xptcted to incur in the various ceantries where the public service required • te• in to go.—(lle ir.) Therefore they stanil upon sepa roes ground from all other branches of the public ser eeee_( (leer.) He came next to the official gentletin, n who held seats either in that or the steer ITeuse :if Parliament, who, he thought, he should he able to show steel altogether upon grounds apart train the ereat body of public servants who held perma 'tent offices in the various departments.—(Bear.) In the first place, those gentlemen were only in and out of office, and subject to a change by a thousand circum stances. But there was this peculiarity attached to ti eir office, that while other servants of the Government were only required to work by day, the servants of the Crown in this and the ether House of Parliament were called upon to work by night as well as by day. Therefore, both on the ground of not having permanent possession of their office, and of having to work by day and by night, he did draw a distinct line between those gentle tee r and all the other branches of the public service. If it was thought that the three branches of the public service, the army, navy, and ordnance, stood in need of revision, he wanted to know why it was that larger amounts of the public expenditure, which be should bring before their notice, were not also to be subject to revision and economy, if economy was proper. With fespeet to the army, navy, and ordnance, those estimates had Lean annually under the revision of Parliament itself. With respect to judicial offices and official salaries in this and the ether Houses of Parliatnent, those had been recently submitted to more recent discussion than the larger mass to which he should call their attention. Now, he knew there was a very large number of gentiemen, not only in this Houss, but out of it, who had laid down the almost eategori eel opinion that no economy could be practised and no saving could be made except in the warlike estab lishments of the country. Great countenance had been Oven to that opinion, not only by the Noble Lord the First Lord of the Treasury, but also by the late First Lord of the Treasury in his financial state ment in 1845. He (Mr. Henley) could not but think there was a deal of error in that state ment. When it was considered how large the expenditure of the country was, which never came under the review of Parliament at all, he thought it would be very difficult to show that if that large ex penditure were carefully looked into some con siderable saving might not be effected. He found that under the head of Customs, Ex cise, Stamps and Taxes, Pest-office, and Crowe lands, according to a financial return for 1848 to 1849, the amount paid under the head of salaries and wages was no less than 2,818,0001. He found also by the same return the sum paid in various salaries to Com naissionere was 271,0001.; the diplomatic salaries were 140,0001. ; and the salaries of officers in courts of justice amounted to uo less than 1,970,9241.; making altogether the sum of 4,327,0001. ode, not one farthing of which ever came under the review of Par • liament.—(llear.) Then in the navy, army, and ordnance, the return of salaries and wages of persons who had nothing to do with fighting men showed a aura of 1,500,0001.; for salaries in the commissariat 100 000/.• salaries in miscellaneous esti ' mste.s, 1,131,0001. go that there was of sala ries which . came under the annual revision of Parliament a sum of about 2,647,0001. They had in erldition large sums paid in salaries under the control of Government, though not paid out of the public Exchequer. Taking the expenses of all the courts of law, they amounted to 500,0001. per annum, thus making a total amount of 7,000,0001. in civil salaries. He wished to call the attention of the House to the amount of what was paid to the army, navy, and ordnance. The whale sum paid in round numbers was 6,500,000/., so that at least one million more was paid for civil salaries than to the army, navy, and ordnance; and yet they n ere told that it was quite impossible to save anything out of the civil expenses, and that the only way was ts go to the warlike expenditure.—(Hear, hear.) That seeme I to him very snitch like, to use a sporting phrase, giving a " false hollow" to distract attention, and turn inquiry from those items of expenditure where it was possible to make a good case. A good deal had been said on this subject out of doors, and it was thought that the army was kept up for the benefit of the aristocratic branches of the community. But how did that stand ? Out of the army estimates 1,100,0001. went to the officers, and 2 200,0001. to the men. The men were generally taken from the unskilled labourers of the country. They get a fad share of the army employment. The Noble Lord at the head of the Government had held out that it was nut possible to save more in these estimates than they bad done. He had made such and such reductions. He had saved 100,000 L, and when opportuniny offered, he was going to do a great deal more. Similar language had been held out by the Right Honourable Baronet at the head of the Government in 1845. Both Prime Ministers very much agreed, and that compelled him to look a little to the actual figures of the case as they stood when those statements were respectively made. The Noble Lord (Lord John Russell) stated, that since 1832, reductions had been male in the stamps and taxes whereby a saving was (made of 259,0001. No considerable reduction had been made since then. The Right Hon. Baronet (Sir R. Peel) had, he believed, made the statement in 1845, that it was their duty to reduce these establishments so far as was consistent with the public convenience and utility, and due regard to economy, and that the revenue should be collected with the least possible expenah. But still, after that admission, and although the subject had occu pied the attention of every Government, nothing effec tive had been done.—(Elear.) He went on to say that he thought it would be a delusion to suppose that they could materially reduce the public burdens by diminish ing the salaries Laid to the civil officers of the state. But when he (Mr. Henley) had showed that they amounted to 7,000 ; 000/ e he thought he was justified in differing from him in opinion if, upon inspection, it should be thought just to reduce them.—(Hear, hear.) lie wished to know how far the Government had realised savings? That he would show from public accounts. He came tirst in order with a statement of the compara tive expenditure of the country between the year 1838 and the year 1844. When the Right Honour , able Baronet (Sir R. Peel) spoke in 1315, he was about to introduce very considerable modifications in the tariff, which they were led to suppose would bring about a very considerable saving. In 1138 the great branches of the public revenue, the customs, excise, stamps, and taxes, cost the country, in salaries and wages, 1,993,5151. He fund that in 1844, at a. time when they were told that great reductions bad been made from time to time, and that the tariff had been re vised, and various articles struck out of it, yet the cost of collection had swollen up to 2,034,0001. That was no thing like a general reduction. But, further, there was a very material item of expenditure. He alluded to superannuation allowances, which should be taken into account, as well as the actual charge of salaries. In some of the departments a great many persons were oc casionally discharged, and after a little while more were taken on; and so far from reducing these al lowances in 1844, as compared with 1838, there was an actual increase. From 228,0001., in the latter year, they had swelled up in the former, to 254,0001. They had not only had an increase in salaries, but in the su perannuation fund, so they had it on the right and on the left. But that was not all; the revenue collected in 1844 was larger than that in 1838, and yet the expense of collection, which was only five per cent. in the latter year, increased in 1844 to 51. 4s. 2d. per cent. There was an increased per centage in the cost of collection in the excise and stamps. He was not able to make a comparison in the taxes. Having. arrived at the year 1844 he wished to draw a comparison with the present year, but he did not find that there was a reduction. In the year 1844 they had the property-tax, which was on also now, and therefore a comparison might ba taken on all the four great branches of expenditure at this period. In the debate in 1845 they were promised distinctly by the First Minister of the Crown that if they would cons sent to the repeal of the auction duties the saving in the collection of the revenue would be very great. The Right Honourable Baronet (Sir Robert Peel), forget ting for a moment his usual caution, travelled some what out of his' course, and said that, with regard to plate glass, if' the duty was taken off there would be a saving in the cost of collection. The Chancellor of the Exchequer said the same also with respect to the auc tion duty, but he found that the supposed saving did not reach the bum indicsted. In 1844 the amount of sala ries in the four great departments of the revenue was 2,244,0001., and, with the superannuation allowances, the amount was 2,288,580/. In 1848.9 the aggregate amount of salaries and superannuation allowances in the same departments was 2,294,648/. After allowing certain re ductions, the result of the comparison was, that they had 2,205,000/. against 2.218,0001. Therefore, all the mani feld savings from joining offices together in some in stances, and abolishing them altogether in others was, that they were now better by 33.4981. than they were in 1844. Taking one year with another, the whole expense did not decrease. Looking back twenty years, when there were nearly double the duties to collect, and indirect taxation had not been substituted for direct taxation, there was not that gain which they had a nthecollection ri o g f ht o t e o expect. rr,yenu He had dw e then upon n delt more the other branches of the public expenditure, because it was the largest, and it was most difficult to collect information respecting it. He had trespassed, perhaps, at too great length, up in the patience of the House, but it was not possible, without the dry detail of figures, to make the subject understood. The Government had not made out such a case of continued reduction in these items that they could show that further reductions could not take place.—(Hear, bear.) At all events he be 1 shown that with regard to the revenue, it could be carefully revised. With regard to Commissioners of Customs, they should consider hew far these Commissioners could come under this revision. Many of these Commissions should be inquired into. The Commissioners of Lunacy, for in stance, received 2,0001. a year salary. Why should they receive 2.0001. a year, and a county court judge only 1,000/.?—(Hear, hear.) It was impossible to say ti at many of these salaries needed no revision, or that many of them might not be abolished.—(]leer, hear.) He now came to another branch of the subj. ct. He rejoiced at the course taken by the Noble Lose of euggesting inquiries upon such matters. It was ne cessary at periods to tyke a review of the affairs of na tions as well as those of individuals. It was be netic'al occasionally to ova rhaul their affeire. Unless the Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) had seen something special in th4ir circams'ances he would not have adopted that course. He (Mr. Henley) was not ono a those who ettrihuted the existing depression to recent legislation. There was certainly extreme depression, but he did not intend to go into that ; but it was perfectly jest and legitimate to show that it was mainly owing to two great causes; first, the great alteration in the value of money; aril, secondly, to the consequent decrease in the rate of interest, which had thus the effect of lowering the rate of profit, and stimulating competition.---(Hear, hear.) All these things made it extremely difficult for eersons of small capitals to make sufficient gain to blq•port I ttemselves and their families, and these causes of necessity rendering any fixed salary infinitely more valueb'e then it wee twenty years ago, this applied squally to seleries as well as to income derived from other sources. .Nese, in addition to this, he ehouki not be considered to trench upon his privilege when he said that the legislet ion of the last three or four years had been carried on so as to secure the present low prices in every article of consumption. When the interest of fte public debt increased so much for the last twenty years, he considered that the income must have increased in proportion to enehle the Government to pay such high salaries to so great a number of officials as were at present employe'. He would not dwell any further on this point, but refer to the case of emigration, which was well worthy the consideration of the House, as it tended to show that while the officials of Government were fat tening on the income of the country, the people were ferced to set k for sustenance in a foreign land, and that, naturally, much against their inch nation ; and he would ask to what was that attributable ? The only answer that he would venture to give was, to compare the number of emi grants in the years 1843 and 1848. In the former year there were only 26 000, but in the latter there were no less than 248,000. Again, he would call the attention of the Rm.() to the state et crime and the number of criminals in the years 1831 and 1848. In 1831 there %ste only 19,601; in the latter year. 30,349. While he admitted that the population had much increased he could not at the same time admit thst there was any proportion between the increase of population and the incrense of criminals. This is also a feature worthy the consideratio n of the House, and worthy of being traced to its proper source. Ile would next direct their a . t n lion to the official value or imports and exports, for in 1828 the official value of exports amounted to only 22 000 000/., and of imeorts to 36.000,0001 ; whereas in 1848 the exports amounted to 132,000,000/.. and the im ports to only 52,000,00 C/. This showed that the pro duce rf the country ie fast failing, and that there is something requisite to be done by a Government that derives so great an income from the revenue accruing from such an increase of revenue; and it also affords sufficient grounds for considering why so many needle women, tailors, shoemakers, and other tradesmen are depressed and penniless, fer the value of their work in 1831, 1843. and 1844 was ten times more than in 1848. When the Noble Lord (Lord J. Russell) some time since stated that there were several articles that ob tained a higher price at present than in any of those years alluded to, he should say in reply that they were not more than four in number, whereas there were nu merous others that suffered materially. He would call the attention of the House to those home articles that were so much depreciated. The articles he (Mr. Henley) alluded to on which a reduction' was made in . 1848.9 were—first, bread, on which 17 per cent. was lost; next groceries, on which was lost '25 per sent.; cotton, 30 per cent.; wool. 10 per cent.; beer, 20 per cent.; shoes, 7 per cent.; together with several other articles which he could enumerate hut that he did not wish to trespass too much on the attention of the House. He therefore could not agree with the Noble Lord, for the appreciation of the one or two articles that he (Lord J. Russell) had previously referred to were of a recent period. His principal ob ject in making that motion was to show that there was a general cry throughout the country for more work, and as one of the trustees of the public he would never he found to flinch from his duty, particularly as it was a matter of very great importance in a commercial point of view, and should his opinion be erroneous he had only to console himself that it was not from design, but in the discharge of a sacred duty that be erred. He hoped he would not be understood to make any unfair or unjust allusion to the men at present in authority—for them personally he felt bound to say that he held the highest respect—but hoped they would consider that as the times changed so ought Governments. He knew that there were many applications from boards of guardians in various localities for the reduction of the expenses of the country, and should this question be staved off, and that any oppression should come on the people, he felt .assured that Governmenment should adopt some plan similar to his for the relief and satisfaction of the public. These were his reasons for bringing the question before the notice of the House, and he had to thank them for their kind indulgence. The CHANCELLOR or the EXCHEQUER said her Majesty's Government had shown that they were not at all indisposed to the ostensible object of the Hon. Gen tleman's motion; but, at the same time, they could not conceive the motive of the Hon. Gentleman for bringing it forwaid at that moment. If the Government had been negligent in revising the public establishments, or if they and those who preceded them had not exercised economy in point of reluction of expense year after year, his Noble Friend and he would not be indisposed almost to acquiesce in the motion of the Hon. Gentle man; but when they felt that this was a course that had been pursued by them for a long period, and also by their predecessors in office, that large reductions had been effected, as was stated on another occasion by his Noble Friend, he could not see that the motion bad any ether object than to express a censure which the Go vernment felt they did not deserve, or to create confusion in the case, which the Government could not coun tenance. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) hardly knew what the Hon. Gentleman meant by his motion. lie had gone into a number of topics, altogether unconnected with the ques tion at issue ; and when he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) had come down to answer the Hon. Gentleman on the subject of salaries, he was compelled to answer also the Hon. Gentleman on the subject of prices, though he had no notice to enable him to pre pare for so doing. The Hon. Gentlemau had taken as a test the price of haberdashery. and by that test had endeavoured to prove his case. But it should be borne in mind that a great proportion of that article which was originally prepared by hand, was now prepared by machinery, in Glasgow and other places. When, there fore, the Hon. Gentleman argued on that hypothesis, he was utterly and entirely mistaken in hls premises, and also in his conclusions. The lion. Gentleman had com plained of the distress of that large class of poor persons living by needlework, sni stated that the tailors said their throats were cut by their wives and children; and he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) learned from these persons that the great cause of the depressien was the low price fur making soldiers' clothes. But if the proposition of the Honourable Gentleman was adopted, there would be a still further depression in that respect, and those who lived by making these articles would be much worse off than before.—(Cries of Oh, oh.") Their distress in fact would be aggra vated rather than lessened by its adoption. The Hon. Gentleman seemed to blame his (the Chancellor of the Exchequer's) Noble Friend (Lord J. Russell) for stating that many items in the expenditure of clerks with 120/. a year under the Government had not diminished of late years, but how far was the Hon. Gentleman justi fied in so doing? It was perfectly true that the price of many articles that necessarily entered into the consump tion of a person of that salary had not only not dimi nished, but had actually increased. Potatoes, for ire stance, and other matters. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) held in Lis hand a return of the expeedi• ture of the Marylebone Workhouse in 1849, as com pared with that of 1843. and he found by that return that the avetase cost of supportiug each pauper had considerably increased, including of course food, fuel, lighting, medical attendance, &c. In 1843 the average rate for each individual in that establishment was 4s. 44d, per week; in 1849 it was ss. 41. In 1849 the price of wheat was higher than in 1843. The other principal items of expenditure stood as follows:- 1843. 1849. F10ur..... 345. 101. per sack Potatoes. 964. Od. per ton lo7s. firl. Oatmeal.. 1 ls. Od. per cwt 1 ls. 41d. Therefore, in his (the Chancellor of the Exchequer's) opinion, his Noble Friend was fully justified in stating that upon many of the items that compose the necessa ries of life there had been no reduction, while the in crease of what was called the green-grocer's bill more than compensated for any reduction that had taken place in other items of inevitable expenditure. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) stood in a very painful and unpleasant position in this matter, for he was con stantly appealed to, by the very persons who would tell him that salaries should be reduced, respecting the hard ship of individual cases of clerks in the employ of Go vernment, and those who reproached him most jn that House for not reducing them were those who-complained most strongly of these cases of hardship at his office. It was no ph asant thing to carry into effect motions such as that of the Hon. Gentleman, and the pain that he felt in doing so was nor, he could assure the House, at all lessened by the imputations of cruelty which were freely indulged in on those occasions. The principle, however, upon which the Goverment proceeded . was not as laid down by the Honourable Gentleman. He (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) blitered that a general reduction such as that Hon. Gentleman proposed would not be wire or just. He believed, on the contrary, that to exact a greater amount of labour for existing payments, and to reduce future ap pointments, was a mode far more conducive to the ad vantage of the public service, as well as a far wiser and more just economy. But the Government had not been negligent in the matter of reduction of salaries either—not of existing salaries, because they believed that would be unjust—but in the case of appointments made upon the relinquishment of situations—uniformly giving the successor to such situation less than his pre decessor, and imposing upon him more duties. That was true economy. To reduce salad. s when greater exer tions were required of persons long in office under Go vernment, would be, in his opinion, to act cruelly towards those parties. The Government was bound to stand by them under such circumstances, and to protect them by all the means in their power. The Honourable Gentle 'man seemed to have omitted all r ference to those higher salaries which formed the subject before the Committee appointed by his (the Chancellor of the Exchequer's) Noble Friend; therefore he (the Chancellor of the Ex ehequer) should say nothing about it. In regard to the other salaries. he acquiesced, as did also his Noble Frienl, in the principle of the arnenclint lit of the Hen. M , ether for Buckinghamshire, that it vtes the duty cf the Govetureent, lit their own responsibility. to introduce the measures that might be necessary for effecting every reduction in the national establishments, consistent with the efficient discharge of the public service; but he believed that it would not be consistent with the efficient discharge cf the public service to reduce, generally, as the Hon. Gentleman the Member for Ox ford proposed, the salaries of all public servants. He di(' not say that on making any new appointments it would be unjust to make them at a reduced rate of sa lary ; but he did think it would be cruel to persons who had been thirty or forty years in the public service to turn round upon them and reduce them now. A grout deal was said about reduction; but how would that prin ciple apply to the leweet class of clerks in the public offices? Those persons were not paid so well even as menial servants. Was the House of Commons prepared to be unmindful of the service of this um el.ent and able class of public servants? With retard to a reduction of expenses, he (the Chancellor of the. Exchi qu, r) would just point out what had been done in past Years by the Government which had preceded the present Govern- .." - , ment, and also what had be. n done by the Gaid to tehich he belonged. Reduction, in fact, 13 1` ) , , ,', o' a t , ep. n from year to ye:tr, and from daY ' l3° tot a gradual revisioa wa s , c ,. by .1n process. In 1835 a return was moved olp', for 1 ) 15 ,- - 0' Hee. and Gala it Relative the Member e td (Litueleter)---"d by that return the 11 ° 1155 ,, see that while the official salaries in 19 15 8 7 - 0 0 ° A" to 3,700.000/., in 1835 they amounted only t(l hJi or 1,000 000/. less in twenty years. An d , na t 141 ; 11 . 1crea,ed in amount since then, it was ve",:, h 4 - ileit . te nal leb(ur had been thrown upon the Pe u " r f i er tnents, and because various duties were Dow P e 11 10 1 by th e central government which had Previ6„opolft petertned by the several local authorities of 'W o o Referring to the Treasury, Hon. Gentlemen wseretojf that this department, and those offices w.,' lf tee, lir posed to be the favourite patronage of the Slais'6ol,l the hovered t ( i i i f idergone great reduction. Excluding cletks (supernumeraries and others), it aP,P h e 6 , 39 r r , heress in 1821 the duties were discharge,' "i's 49 sons, with an segregate salary of 42,96 01, '„ te sil lii Ore discharged by 29 persons, with an ag,gr e gr o d sr. only 24,6801, being a reduction of 18,60 06 e wards in 30 years. Again, in 1821, there ` i ve al r- 00 separate boards of customs for the three kiegus„ate 2 1 1 Commissioners in all, who received an egg r A nry of 29,5001. In 1849 there were, e ver ' CP° 44 (V ir ss', Commissioners for the united empire,d li e ge sv i ; - e amounted but to 10.9001. In a few moat" / ;, - r ed o e / , 0 be unother Commissioner reduced: this fag sue t • considerably inure than half. Again , in 4 1 1 : in-aids of inland revenue, in 1821 there Wer e , 1 55 5 ; missioners, who were paid salaries equal W . ;Is t ' ut present there were only eight, w hss h - e ° ll / I amounted to 11,200/., and one of that alsoalso slinrtly reduced. Altog ther 7 5 b u r - e i tiol, t l ointments had been reduced, with salaries ilei;uoter; 60,280/. a year, since 1821, by each succ.ealtsolll4 ha meat since that period. Even in the last two rveo,l7, been a reduction in the salaries of the 9. isr quivalent to 5,000/. a y ear —f r om 1847 t o 184„ tolf, nut, t, therefore, quite fair of the Hon. Gentle:coet plicate the Government unmindful of /135 t „; which they professed, to carry out • , or in that respect at all neglee' f►l of Me( duty, His (the Chancellor ofthe Eseaequsr"' Friend had stated the a and which the flouSe . b ine ieo amount of reduction ba d to i l by the various consolidations of offices' thal e - ,o o %eil li) ' place. The number of persons reduced wa s 'f the ito annual expense saved was over a q uarter 5 1115 9 . ; the that an At this moment the Paymaster of tar public servant, Sir A. Spearman, an d lob e ; y aome th i e Treasury, were engaged, as tl e foir e d for past, in revising salaries. of tll they made tma recommended reductions to Ih e 0614 65,0001. a year in the coat of the customs r e l. e at their second, which was yet adoPted , o ll o - es ti r o ri would no doubt be carried not into effect , ree further reduction of 7,000/. per anner n ; when the Hon. Gentleman said that i t il ft i Chr re ' stances the customs establishment was 1)/1 " • PI / ; c ti o te nt e ormity w ith the reduction that had tske-oeiss customs duties on various a t." .les it °lll li slss'l should know that certain portions of •this estliboiogto the e re obliged to be kept up for the aceeelieeoll,°o" import and export of goods to and from t l0 0 " ; ie lie was sorry to trouble the House with viP i l f , 0,0 1 done m in various departments, but as the Pe- 0 ' 0 0 1:0 appeared to have lost sight of the redu c e 01 0 , f il had aa In occurred, he would briefly enumerate 50n3ofthe the Pay-office the offices of paynfasterhoes" oel l oo service and the exchequer-bill audit had, 11 these; a. dated under one head, and the saving e lreV had ref was 16,0001. yearly. The Houourslord those rred to the expenses of collection, sod of Te employed, in relation to the reeeoll.s.o () a f ire a v stated that the diminution of revers rk4 coLection were not always in pr o p er fen; o'o in particular cases, it was found necellesri ref ei 'd up l establishments for the protection of °s o f l ege ,: } ' It did not, therefore, follow that a reductioti o.'ol e ‘ n t ahled Government always to reduce the eh iP ,i e tie r : oron. Government, however, had reticl e cea lto uctions during the last two year., tr'e li o t es_.Fl ( January, 1848, to the sth of Janua • ry t te" he proved by a comparison with the las t vious years:— til Inthe year 1847, the charge for collect in g 6e f ee°r was 1 ••• x 5 19 1 In 1849 it was ••• ••• 5 1 ' ••• The charge for the excise wa s, iri••lB47 6 7 . "e l In 1849 it was 5 10 5 Fur the stamps, it • t •• lB47, it was ::. 2 1 7 In 1849 it was 6i ; e l, For taxes, in 1847, it was 5 0 to. In 1849 it was ... .. 3l, 0 31°1 0 ? 'There was no very mat , rial variation in ti e r lid i lectiug the stamps and taxes, but in the °l a ble po t i ll of revenue the reduction had been considers excise, however, it amounted to about , T l ''''' 0 0 , c , the course of the last two years, and 10 : 0 P at s who knew how to calculate this redealvinteleti would know that it would in the aggregate * beli 3 ,, very large sum indeed. These reduction9.loo,,,Pill'i before, had also been effected in the face e n ete.:/ / able increase of business; for it was well it e ll i e et l os " who paid attention to the subject that a e l it) ell' l and pressure of business had occurred ia 1 00 0,t e , partecents. From the highest official to the' . n etr o f a great amount of additional work had to b` roo 1 1 , 'l' hen, again, it was difficult to say wb 33 0 . 1 0 1 , 1 10„ 1 11 ' amount of salary ought to be; but looki a a j e 4 '4 "l ries paid by other great establisheea dfi e ibe fr ,ie an estimate might be made to sbeer;a,b 0" 0' salaries paid by Government were ten 134° 0 , 411 ; 0 0 1 'i with the salaries received by persons iti i re foy,,a;'' elishineets. If a scale of pri%a:e salaries e' e ' se O h ' 6 ; the House would then see whether ib i e h - 0 h k e l d ments sere carried on at a less expen' e . ":1 3 " t er? vernment establishments. He believed it yel o - o rel"0 4 4 1 that quite the contrary was the tact. lie /7,11)84'. pens. , of the salaries of all descriptions pil — gr ),:0,,," of England amounted to 211,000/. ay e fe . te v •- , l ffi' P ' whole of the salaried and wages Pi' ree.'a sty penses of the Treasury, the Home-office,„-f " t { office, the Colonial-office, the lir,:;' „gel office, Office of the Board of Tra"" to 19 0 Education Department, amounted together, oe' it ' o lll All the great o ffi ces of the eo untr. 7 re i r Or ..,o ,r in wages and salaries 20,000 e per t inny,'" - et re/ sum paid by the Betide of England. P c ! -dee alt could say that the expense of those Pu blic see f C O 4 was greater by comparison than the - Off e ri g r e t t l establishments. The highest salaries l ' h r e e'ito , ll offices varied from 2 000/. to 2,500 L, and t e e Se l „l'e ° ,ol' more than six or eight at that scale , - nr olr - r %) course, of solicitors, who were paid i° th e t - l eof the earnings of other professionale °' hrd ee' ho 4 . ,,4 Take the East India Company, an established te l more nearly than any other apeN ec ieee ;4' 4 raster of a Government establishtnente e 4 0 ;0: of' the India Company had a salary 0 ' e - e 'eicl a is rli house; this was higher than the highe A s " '0 1)(1 ' r eo t , 0 . 1 1 0 the Government. Several officers ha' j n ee't 13 f r if i several others 1,500/., and others had 1 ," - ‘ , hill': A. of which, in proportion to the duties, wer; o o o ,`, „",ih r f the rate raid in the Government establi" 00,0 secretaries of many of the dock corepan ies ose e 'ab o ie companies had very large salaries , i s/ se•P' a ltil 2,000/. a year. The secretary of th e ee - ti 81- 0 61 r,e0 Duck Company had 2,000 L a year and a min s riet i V e' Ir and several railroad secretaries had s n * s perd li to t s' high. Since he had been in the House ° r n f 0 iti iD e o i placed in his hand, showing the expense: - 034 6 411 1 , don establishment—that of a brewer. I L oil a l ,0 1 penses for salaries and wages were 9, 6o :ea t li a ,ei f, . great redactions in the price of necessa ri The i g4 9 )e —there were the same number of person s :10 'or, .4 as at the above period—and their exie fi e s- oe,-, 9 / 10,049 L, showing an actual increase for t -e 0 1 , 1 0", of persons, notwithstanding the c hersph e foi' e te' F tides of necessity, of 1,344/. per annum: r i s *- r es °l l, persons had been taken on, whose saL s ' a l tb ° o . ts more than the sum he had named. This vi i „ - o ats 'd'ee' 4 .l be gathered from a reference to a P r 'a r . y 1 .. , 0 1 ' tr,d l7 , went, the proprietors of which had e v _, — ,t S e sri , to get their work well done on the " 1 ,:r1 ' o sed terms. In the instance he had quoted it e " - Met t le'" necessary not to make reductions,. but t k a ° o of h ; ) Pi Lt pay of those to whom the practical e 01 4"; to t' t te e IF ness was entrusted. He would now reeta tt eo4, 0 0 ;I' the consequences which had followed a° 5 4 (0 0 ;0. , that whin the lion. Member sought, t° ,,,, - er o ( 01110: House, or rather to force upon the uru n ' r t e'oe . , o ' r t would read a short extract from the 'r e P n tel/ Ore' rectors of the Great Western Chad w ti oeu bel i qf trative of the consequences that f °l^ ; otl vd: attempt to reduce the salaries of their ee r i v n e P i p; 00 point that was consid e red f a ir a nd just' aoo° Al th man opposite cheer e d, b u t h e was not a deoc it s i way companies were more unlikely t° e re 10 0 . 0 ,0 4 ture than other parties; on the contrares4,ieS, iit Y p i much inclined to think that railway 0 0 ° ) Piete te e e te ,) tweed by as lively a sense of their own ha 1 , - t o r te Hon. Gentleman himself could possiblat. is dot[ ;V was dated April, 1850; it stated- - air el ii r i e lf . , regret the board feels bound by the silos. tr proprietors to represent that t, a - e d t edi t cdd i rience of a few months has Te a "; 00;„.90,f, prehensions. Since the reduction °l e i; " hil fe to whole establishment has become ueso o o, 1 ; 0 0 :1 01 1 1 and principal clerks, with few Ote•P h l o sel,ies. i i , seeking other employment; Some vas e Se r 'oi ll 'i, f r i quitted, and others are about to leave the e° • o io , has the effect of the reduction been CO, ° r s eve r e fr d elf to those whose salaries were reduced; '° in Sh o e p in despair of improving their positi ° % r eltl e otly service, have also resigned, to obtain ° 3 boa ', c ome ployment elsewhere. Th e directors to tee c ane N practical proof that serious prejudi e irser, B o o 4l / 1 .0, has arisen, and they apprehend that n o s 051,icilifije sue, unless st.pa be n o w taken to giv e 5 ,1)0 0 of sl o th an established scale of salary sod P r e c Y lo gtb a 001,3 officers and serrants can rely. I „ligy, 51. : n d ~'w o t fit with great experience and proved ev• er ity e - ar; in managing affairs towards the Pr° s P is o°s t o fi'; of any important undertaking, sus apt ti 010 00 0 a' be stained kilt the eisceurageme° r edne t a l aset io f, whom so mace depends, nor ea° a peal' vor lanes be expected to counteraetr, DeatOlot,iptiff pression in times of difficulty." --(ge e e r tbe rtl p l ilo' , liered the statement of the directorsc,ed if 0 ye 1 10 perfectly true, and he was further sat bed elea,:ogie.,,o measure of reduction, such as that o f that Did 00i,,,te, opposite, was likely to be adopted :A nts wat , 'be ' e rg' great discouragement to public s t e n r : stho ; o l3 l : o : l ,.. : ititle i r f e r ; take place, but that valuable servants ,se error/ e e ereao ~ away from their situations, and able injury would be inflicted nn (flear.) lie only wished to refer to . _ .d u ke d 0, 1 1 , 1 61 1 / bezause Hon. Gentlemen sometimes z, I l a o f DeOceio incrense of salaries which had taken Ac! pr y 6.) as compared with times gone b y' oo f 6 i t l 3 o A i li l l i brought in which was in the miter_ . ant e 10 0 . „ , e pensation Act. This was in 1 7 " i triot ing j oi l l te4l question would afford means of co . " _ iw ilat; t tes o ok then with those which persons holdingfbe ,Fe 5, 000 .1 g now enjoying. This. produced on the currency referred _ st rici i OP" (00, was be fei t re o l by the ioo /1 0, , , , f 'lj Geetteenan, and before the Bank e '''' - d er eil lieu when payments were wade in P ~.