The Sun. — London, England, 1850-03-06 00:00:00

LAW INTELLIGENCE. HOUSE OF LOILDS, March 5. TIM DUKE or ROXEURGIIE V. RAMSAY AND OTLIERS. In this case the arguments had not been concluded whew:the-J/oms rose, and the farther hearing w as ad i Qum& to Thursday. ROLLS' COURT, illa: ch 5. SOLOPIONS LAING. This case having been already reported by this journal, is familiar as to its facts to our readers. The question raised was whether the directors of arailway line had been justified in applying the funds of the company to other objects than the objects specified in their Act of incorporation, and in making calls upon the shareholders for that limited object. The plain tiff applied, under these circumstances, to the court for relief against the directors, and for an injunction to restrain this misapplication of the general fund. To this bill the defendant, the representative of the railway company, had demurred. Mr. Malina and Mr. Bovill were the counsel for the defendant ; Mr. Turner and Mr. Cole for the plaintiff. The KivrElt of the Rom.s, in giving his judgment, said there hid been cases cited by counsel which might have etr'ct upon his ultimate decision. Into those cases he certainly should and if those cases should induce him to alter his opinion, the case might be mentioned on Friday again, when his Lship would state if his impression were altered. His Lord ship reviewed the facts of the case, and after remark• ing that directors of a company thus incorporated had no right to divert the funds of the subscribers to the projected line of railway to any purpose but those purposes strictly authorised by the Act of in corporation, overruled the demurrer. The cause to be mentioned on Friday. ASSIZE INTELLIurENCE. OXFORD CIRCUIT, Abingdon, March 2. There were only four Crown cases remaining for trial this morning. Of two the details were unfit for publication. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Baron PLATT.) William Woods, 23, labourer, and Thomas Beasley, 29, labourer, were indicted for feloniously assaulting, on the night of the 2d of November, at the Parish of Remenham, Thomas Penn, and Thomas Neville. and cutting and wounding them. Mr. Williams appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. Carrington fur the defence. The prosecutors were gamekeepers employed by a gentleman who was not the owner or occupier of any land, but merely rented the shooting over an estate in the above parish, and on the night in question, they, bearing a shot fired, and seeing the prisoners coming immediately afterwards from the direction of one of the preserves, went up to them and asked them what they had been doing. The prisoners were at the moment when the prosecutors spoke upon a public footpath that crossed the estate, and their answers not being satisfactory to the prosecutors, the latter at tempted to take a gun from one of them and arrest both. This they resisted, and a severe struggle en sued, in which the gamekeepers were worsted, and one of them (Neville) received a very severe blow on the head. The defence was, that the prosecutors not being duly authorised to act, for the person who em ployed them being a mere renter of a season's shoot ing had no authority to appoint them, they were not invested with legal attributes of gamekeepers ; that they therefore committed an unlawful assault ; and that the prisoners had a right to resist them. His LORDSHIP assented to this view, and they were acquitted. All the business of the assins was over at half past two o'clock. NORTHERN CIRCUIT.—Durham, March 4. CLOWN COURT.— (13 efore Mr. Baron ALDERSON.) Francis Smith, Michael Cheetham, David Gell, Richard Hall, James Maderall, and William Hobart, were indicted for having, on the 18th day of October last, at the parish of Laachester, feloniously cut and wounded John Zachariah Connell, with intent to maim, disfigure, and to do him grievous bodily harm. Mr. Matthews and Mr. Bigge conducted the prose cution ; Mr. Otter defended the prisoners. It appeared that about the autumn of last year con siderable disaffection existed in the mining districts, and amongst others, the miners employed by the Derwent Iron Company struck work. The prisoner Francis Smith, who was one of the bound workmen, and had engaged to serve the company from the Ist of April, 1849, to the lst April, 1850, was one of the delegates and ringleaders, and the company took out a warrant for his apprehension, which they placed in the hands of the prosecutor Connell, who was the superintendent of a private police force, fur the purpose of being executed. Having obtained the assistance of a sergeant of the county con stabulary, Co'linat went in search of the prisoner, and succeeded - tit' taking him at Redwell Hills as he was getting, off a coach, which had arrived from Netvcast; he being about to attend a meeting of pitmen whiCh was assembled close by. Having placed him in a carriage, the officers proceeded to take him to the. nearest magistrate, but the mob, who had assembled, having heard of his arrest, ran towards the carriage. Smith gave a cough, and some one said, "Is that thou, Frank ?" Upon which he re plied, " Yes, they, have taken me with a warrant." Some one then cried out " Thou shalt not go," and immediately the horse was seize, and the sergeant of the county police was knocked out of the carriage by a stone. Connell then drew his truncheon and cried out, " The man is in our custody, and you must mind what you are about." A general attack on Connell then took place, Smith hit a violent blow with a stick, Cheetham struck him on the head with a shone and cut his head open, causing it to bleed profusely ; others struck him with stones, and he was for a time, completely stunded. Some of them cried out, " Kill the —," and Smith cried out, " Why are you not getting him down ?" to which one of the crowd replied, "The has got a head like a hull." At last they lef-, and released the sergeant of the county police, whom some of them had been holding, to prevent his rendering any assistance to Connell, whose wounds were subsequently dressed by a surgeon and found to be of a severe character. Mr. 04rEtt addressed the jury fir the prisoners. His Loansuir left it to the jury to say with what intent the prisoners inflicted the wounds. Verdict—Guilty of cutting with intent to do grievous bodily harm. His LORDSHIP then sentenced Smith, Gill, and Hall, to six months' imprisonment, Hobart to seven months, Cheetham to four mon hs, and Maderall to four months. WESTERN CI RCU IT—Winchester. March 5. NISI PIOUS COURT.—(B9fore Mr. Jastlce ERLE and a Sdecial Jury.) TEWELL V. ETWA LL AND LITCHFIELD. Mr. Crowder, Mr. Barstow, and Mr. Beetham were council for the plaintiff; Mr. Cockburn, Mr. Smirk, and Mr. Massey for the defendants. This was an action of tropass, fir breaking and entering the premises of the plantiff—to wit, a bone boiling house, and taking and saizing the goods and chattels of the plaintiff, of great value. The defendants pleaded amongst other pleas a justification under an order of justices, made under the Nuisances Removal Act, 11 and N Vic., c. 123, to abate a nuisance after service of the order to remove it on the plaintiff; they also pleaded a justification in entering to abate a public nuisance, eminently dangerous to the health and life of the neighbourhood. The plaintiff in this case is a bone-boiler, tallow-merchant, and manure-maker; and the present action was brought under the follow ing circum3tances:—ln Mty labt the plaintiff, who had been a bone-boiler at Southampton, took premises at Redbridge-lane, which is between Romsey and Southampton, where he commenced the business of bone-bailing. Mr. Etwall, one of the defendants, is a magistrate of the county, and an ea-officio guardian of the Romsey union. Mr. Litchfield is also a guardian of the same union. This action was brought to re cover damages for the seizure of a quantity of bones and liquor made on the premises of the plaintiff, an d principally to try, the question whether he could con tinue to carry on his.business. It appeared by the evidence on thepartof the plaintiff, that owing to some complaints-made by parties living near the fac tory, an application was made by two occupiers of houses near, to the guardians of the Romsey union. The premises were inspected by two surgeons ; and, acting on their report, the guardians served the plain tiff, with a notice to inspect under the Nuisanc es Removal Act, n and 12 Victoria, cap. 123. lie waa then summoned before the justices, and on the 6th of September the case was heard. Witnesses were heard on both sides, when the justices ad judicated that it was proved to their satisfaction that the premises of the plaintiff were kept in such a filthy state as to be a nuisance injurious to the lives of persons living in the neighbourhood, and that upon such premises offal, filth, and refuse was kept, and they ordered the plaintiff to abate such nuisance by removing the cause o f comp l a i nt, b e i ng the said offal, filth, and refuse ; and if the order should not be complied with by the plaintiff, they directed the guar d i ans to enter upon the pr em i ses, an d to do all matters, works, and things which might be necessary in suc h manner as directed by the Act, to abate the nuisance. This order was duly served on the plain tiff, but he continued the business of hone -boiling as before. On the 12th of September, Mr. Etwall and Mr. Litchfield went to the boiling-house of the plain tiff; and, acting under the order as guardians, and taking all responsibility on themselves, they, with se veral mora-a,a_ assistants, emptied the copper of its cont - which coasisted of bones, fat, horse-hoofs, anCrustters of thaiLd" esc ription which were boiling in„tha,tetiper' to-th6...value of about 151. ; this they ilmoved andburied is a field in the neighbourhood. This _was the trespasii.:complained or, far which the aalon was br oug h t ; . ' F'4l: the p la i ntif f ,Arutnero witnesses were called vstbij swt , re that jiii,-• gr, ri , hia ti n S e - o f boo ok s w aty 4 _....,, rin which the business ....t-LE -`tom) uPuucted, no noisome etlitiv,ta i THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MARCH 6, 1850 was created, nor any gas evolved, which was in any wee . injurious or prejudicial to healt h. The p lace where j the factory was situated was thinly popula'ed, and the nearest l:ouse was sixty yards from the boil ing -house, and it was proved that the people in the immediate neighbourhood were all healthy. The mode of conducting the business was, that bones were bought of the various butchers in the neighbouring towns, collected together, broken up, and then boiled in the large boilers. The fat was then skimmed off, after which the liquor left was run into a tank for liquid manure, and the bones were taken out and afterwards ground for bone manure. The process of boiling was represented not to cause any noisome or even unpleasant smell, and the witnesses represented it as " like the smell of a gentleman's kitchen ;" " not offensive at all ;" "caused no injury to health, but was really beneficial." One witness " liked the smell—it was healthy." Another, " like boiled beef." Mr. Wood, a chemist in London, was called, who gave it as his opinion that the small portions of hy dro-sulphuric acid and ammonia which were evolved from the bones in the process, were not injurious to the health of the neighbourhood. He, had examined the premises when the boiling was in operation, and said "he had smelt worse smells at a public dinner." A surgeon was celled, who stated that the smell cau,ed by the process of manufacture was not pleasant, but was not calculated to injure life. For the defendants, it was contended that they had only acted as they were bound to do at a time when the cholera was raging close to the spot in question, and that they were perfectly justified in all they had done, as they were only parochial officers acting un der the order of the justices in removing what had been adjudged by the order to be offal, filth, and re fuse accumulated on the premises, so as to be inju rious to life. It was also contended that the justices were right in their decision ; and numerous witnesses were called, who described that at the time in question the stench proceeding from the boiling house was awful, and frequently made passers by sick ; that the bones were brought to the boiling-house in a dreadful state of decom position, covered with maggots ; the stench from the cask in which the liquor was found was also de scribed to be very bad. Several medical men were called, who proved that the gasses evolved by de composing animal matter were highly offensive to the smell and injurious to human life, wherever it extended, and that cholera was likely to be extremely mortal where such exhalations existed ; and that after having heard the evidence they should not, have hesi tated in having ordered the removal of the boiling house. Mr. Justice ELME, in summing up the ease to the jury, left three questions to them—first, Whether in fact the contents of the copper, which was removed by the defendants on the 12th of September, were identically the same as that contained in it on the 4;h of September, when the complaint to the justices was made. Secondly, Was the cause of complaint arising from the bone-boiling on the 12th substantially the same in character and degree as that on the 4th. Thirdly, Were the contents of the copper, offal, filth, and refuse so kept as to be a nuisance, injurious to the health of persons living in the neighbourhood. On the first question it had been contended, that to justify the removal of the bones, &c., under the order of the justices, the matter removed must be shown to be the identical matter which was the matter of complaint on the 4th of September. The Learned Judge stated, that he should leave the question to them, to prevent the case from coming down again ; but that he should hold that it was not necessary to the justification, that it should be the identical matter if it were of the same character, and he likened the case to one of a nuisance produced by accumulations of sewage, brought daily, and removed the next day. If this were not so, the order of the justices must in all cases be a nullity, and there would be no way of abating the continuing nuisances of that kind. As to the fact, of course there was really no question, as the contents of the boiler were changed daily. Teen, as to the second question, he expressed his opinion that the matters authorised to be removed must be such as were of the same character and effect, kind, and degree, as those in the boiling copper on the 4'h of September, when the magistrates adjudged it to be fikth, offal, and refuse, within the Act. If so, be held that the nuisance was of a continuing nature, and the defendants were justified, as parochial offi cers, acting under the order of the justices. As to the third question, the Learned Judge stated that in his opinion it was an immaterial matter to the case ; but as the issue caused on the pleadings was in some degree ambiguous, he thought it best to put it to the jury ; and if it were material, he thought they ought not to find it in the affirmative, unless they thought that the boiling in question was in the usual course of the business a substantial detriment to the health of the neighbourhood. It was not necessary to show an actual injury to health, if the effluvia was of such a character as that in the natural course of events it would be injurious to health. The jury, after an absence of some time, returned and an;wered all the three questions in the negative. Mr. Justice ER LE then directed the verdict - to be entered fir the plaintiff on all the issues, damages 151. This cafe, which created the greatest interest, corn menced yesterday morning at ten o'clock, and was not concluded until two o'clock to-day, although Mr. Justice Erle sat until half-past twelve last night. olio WN COURT.—( Before Mr. Justice TALFOURD). . - . Edward Charles PAilps was indicted for the man slaughter of Richard Thomas Ewell, on the 15th of September, at Ryde, in the Isle of Wight - . Mr. Poulden and Mr. Cooke appeared for the prosecution ; and the prisoner was defended by Mr. \Vise. The principal evidence consisted of the deposition and dying declarations of the deceased, from which it appeared that about half-past eleven in the evening of September 15, on his way home, he saw the wife of the prisoner outside a public house called the Thatched House, and, upon her asking him to give her some gin, he complied with her request, and sent her into the public-house with his son, who paid for it. When she came out she asked Farrell to go up the street with her, as she was afraid the police would fall in with her. The deceased agreed, and they went on towards a house called St. Peter's, where it ap peared Mrs. Philps's mother then lived, to take care of it. Instead of going to the front door, they went through an underground passage into an area. Just as they were leaving the passage the prisoner rushed out upon them. Farrell - said, " Ned, there's no thiag amiss between me and your wife." The psi souer then struck Farrell a most violent blow, which rendered him insensible. About half-past two the mother of the prisoner's wife called up Saunders, a chairman, living near St. Peter's-house, and brought him to the house with his chair. He then found Farrell in a knife-house in the area, lying down and in a dreadful state. A great deal of blood was seen in the area, but in a posi tion that a person falling from the arch above which led to the front door might have lain in. The prisoner was with Farrell, and he was moved into the chair. He was then taken home by the prisoner and Saunders, and Dr. Barrow was Sent for. Oa ex amination, there was a severe wound found on the back of the head, and the whole of the body from the chin downwards was paralysed. Dr. Barrow said the deceased had evidently been drinking. Ile lin gered until September 2.5, when he died ; and upon a post mortem examination, it was found that there was a displacement of the fourth and fifth bones of the neck, and a pressure upon the spinal cord, which had caused the death. Dr. Barrow stated that although both the wound and the injury might have been caused by a fall from the height, such as the arch before mentioned, in his opinion the wound was in flicted by a blow or kick. The deceased and the prisoner had always been on intimate terms, and on several occasions the prisoner had stated that the deceased had fallen down, and adhered to his statement. Mr. Wise addressed the jury for the prisoner, and urged that the injury was the result of accident, and that the deceased had fallen from the arch into the area. He con t en d e d t h a t th e d ecease d, h av i ng re ceived so severe an injury when he had been drinking a good deal, cou ld not g i ve an account w hi c h could be relied on. He further powerfully urged, even if the statement was to be believed, that it showed the prisoner bad committed the violence under the strongest provocation from jealousy ; for the deceased being with his wife at such a time and place must h ave appeared to him u a n c a .t c i c n o g u u n p ta . b n le t , h e axt c h e a p i t ie 7 , p h o e n h o a n d e been unable t a o n r d es th tr a a t in his natural and just anger. Mr. Justice TALFOURD summed up t h e case with great care, and the jury having retired f or art hour and a half; returned a verdict of G u ilty, but recom mended the prisoner to mercy. Ills Lordship sa id h e entirely agreed with the verdict and the erecommenda don, and sentenced him to six months i mpr isonment. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS, March 5. (Before Mr. Sergeant ADAMS, Assistant-Judge.) The March general session commenced this morn ing, at the Court-house, Clerkenwell. There were eighty-two prisoners for trial, of whom eighty were indicted f felony., and two for misdemeanour. The Learned JUDGE briefly addreed the grand jury upon the nature of the duties they haul to perform. TLIE CHRISTCHURCH SAVINGS BANK-DODSWORTII AND ANOTHER. V. HINDE. In this case, which wasa petition by two of the trustees against th e ac t uar y o f the Chri s t c h urc h Savings' Bank, Regent's-park, to compel him to de liver up certain moneys and effects, pursuant to an order made upon him to that effect, Tce Learned JUDGE, at the sitting of the Court, made the following order, by consent of the parties! —" That the sum of 238/., paid into court by the sail IT Pdly Uncle, the respondent, be forth‘lith paid over to the pttitioners, Wall o w podsworth And William Fox, trustees of the said savings' bank, and that the ten books deposited in court be delivered to the said petitioners, the said petitioners g'.ving proper receipts for the same ; that the said Henry Pay Hinde be allowed ten days from the date of this order to send in a list of the allowances claimed by him out of the sum so paid over; that the trustees do take the same into consideration, and make such allowances therein as shall be just; that their decision thereupon shall be final and binding upon all parties concerned ; that the said Henry Pelly Hinde and sureties shall be discharged from all liabilities whatsoever in respect of the said savings bank ; that no proceedings:what ever shall be taken upon the bond now in the custody of the Commissioners for the Reduction of the Na tional Debt ; that proper application shall be made for the same pursuant to the statute ; and that the same, when delivered, shall be forthwith cancelled." The Learned JUDGE said this termination had been come to in a very kindly manner by the parties, and would, he had no doubt, prove quite satisfactory. William Pike was indicted for having stolen a watch, value 31., the property of Lewis Jackson Randall, from his person. Mr. O'Brien appeared for the prisoner. The prosecutor stated that he was an appraiser, re siding at 18i e Cambridge-road. On the 27th of February he was in Ling- alley, where a great num ber of persons were assembled, and he was assisting an officer to take a woman to the station-house, when he observed the prisoner lift up the tail of his coat, and on his turning round to see whet he was after, he received from a companion of the prisoner's a violent blow on the mouth, and at the same moment the prisoner broke his watch from off the guard-chain, and he had not seen it since. _ _ In cross-examination it was elicited that the prisoner lived at No. 7, King's-head-court, Long-alley, and on the day in question the prosecutor had executed a distress warrant in his house, in the course of which proceeding the prisoner hai threatened him with legal proceedings. The woman who was being taken to the station house was a relative of the prisonertf, and had been given into custody by the prosecutor for an assault. The prosecutor was here seized with a violent fit, and he fell heavily backward?. He was caught by one of the officers, and was carried out of the court in a state of insensibility. The Learned JUDGE said he felt some reluctance in saying what view he took of this cage. It was very remarkable that when before the magistrate, the prosecutor, according to the depositions, kept back what now appeared to be the real facts cif the case. He said simply that the prisoner robbed him of his watch, as he was assisting a policeman to take a wo man to the station-house. He said nothing about having himself given her into custody, or about having been threatened with an action by the prisoner about the levying of the distress—he said nothing of the woman being related to the prisoner—and it was really s'range that the prosecutor was silent upon all these points.. He recommended the jury to acquit the prisoner. ' The jury returned a verdict of Not guilty. Thomas Jones, 15, was convicted of stealing 22 printed books. The LEARNED JUDGE said the case was one of the illustrations of the evils arising from the system of summary convictions. Since February, 1i49, this lad had been convicted summarily no less than six times, and on three of these occasions he had been whipped. It was lamentable that these things re sulted from a system which it was supposed would put an end to juvenile delinquency, but the real effect of which was to give every boy who came under their operation a thorough prison edu cation. The prisoner was sentenced to six months' hard labour. THE ARGYLE ROOMS. In the course of the dly, a writ of certiorari was served upon the Deputy Clerk of the Peace, Mr. A. G. Maude, for the removal of the proceedings against the proprietors of the Argyle R )onas from this court to the Old Bailey. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. WESTMINSTEI?. Joseph Crouch, a private in the 21 battalion of Grenadier Guards, but who wore the dress of a livery servant, and was suited to he coachman to Captain %Vest, one of the officers of the regiment, was charged with feloniously assaulting John Jacob Walbrook, in Sloane-Street, Chelsea, and robbing him. The main features of the case are briefly these. The prosecutor, a whipmaker, living at Knights bridge, who was intoxicated at the time of the rob bery, but declared that he had a perfect recollection of all the circumstances attending it, and whose evi dence was confirmed in the most material parts by a police-constable, was making the best of his way up Sloane-street, at about a quarter-past twelve on the previous night, when the prisoner came up to him, and, thrusting his hands in hispockets,took from them some money, in large silver—a crown, as well as he could reckon. Prosecutor struggled, when prisoner struck him a violent blow on the face, which severely blackened his eye, and felled him to the ground, and then ran off. Hargrave, 62 B, who had from the other side of the street observed the prosecutor and prisoner standing together, and saw the prisoner either push or hit the prosecutor, and the latter fill, followed the accused, who was known to him, and asked him what he had been at, to which the prisoner replied, " It's all right." The constable said he did not know that, and requested the prisoner to stop, but he excused himself by saying that he could not, as he was in haste to get the carriage ready. The officer, knowing the prisoner was the servant of Captain West, allowed him to go on, but immediately returned him self to the prosecutor, who was then bleeding profusely from the nose, and endeavouring to get up from the ground, and ih consequence of his stating that he had been robbed, the constable immediately went to the Captain's stable in quest of the prisoner. After knocking there fur some time, the accused in quired from within what he wanted, adding that he should not open the door, unless he told him. The constable then said that the man he (prisoner) had knocked down in Sloane-street, accused him cf having robbed him of five shillings; when prisoner replied, " It's only one, take it, and make it all right with him, fir I'm getting the carriage ready, as I am ordered at half-past one." Prisoner then opened the stable door only just wide enough to pass his arm out, with the shilling in his hand, but the constable placed his foot in the opening, and after some diffi culty succeeded in dragging the prisoner out, when he used every persuasion to induce the officer to let him go, which he of course refused to do. Two half crowns were found upon the prisoner, who said he had been drinking with the prosecutor, which the latter, however, most positively denied, declaring that be never saw him until he attacked him in the street and robbed him. The prisoner, upon being asked if he wished to say anything, replied : I didn't rob the man. He asked me if I was going to Pimlico, and said he'd give me a shilling to see him there. He said I'd robbed him. I said I hadn't. Tnen he pushed me, and I pushed him, and he fell. Mr. BRODERIP committed the prisoner for trial at the Central Criminal Court. LAM!)! TH. Mr. Douglas Biggar, a manufacturing chemist, re. siding in Aldersgate. street, appeared before Mr. Norton, on a summons, charging him with having refused to deliver up to the proper officer a ticket re ceived by him, at the termination of his journey on the South-Westera R tilvvay, and for which offence he bad, by the bye-lows of the company, rendered himself liable to a penalty of 40s. Mr. Young, the superintendent of the traffic de partment, and Mr. F. Godson, the superintendent of the Waterloo station, attended to support the complaint, and in reply to the charge, the defendant admitted having refused to deliver up the ticket ; but said he did so on principle, and to give him an opportunity of making a complaint, which he should presently urge. John Smythe, a ticket collector in the employment of the South-Western Railway Company, at the Waterloo station, deposed, that on the evening of Sunday week, at twenty minutes to eight o'clock, a Windsor train arrived at the platform. The de fendant was a passenger by that train, and in a first-class carriage, and be (witness) asked him in the usual way for his ticket. He refused to give up the ticket, saying he had paid for first-class accommodation, and that the servants of the company had put in persons of the second-class, who could not afford to pay the first class fare. He (witness) believed that four second class passengers had been put into a first-class car riage, in which the defendant was, at Wandsworth station ; but this was done from a want of room in the second-class carriages. The parties were per fectly respectable. They were two ladies and two gentlemen. Mr. NORTON —The travelling by a first or second class is no test o shld think respectability. Certainlyonuot, sir. N not. I understand, indeed I know it, that many of the attendants at court travel to and from Windsor by second-class carriages. iVitness, in continuation, said that on the defendant peremptorily refusing to deliver up the ticket, he told him he must accompany him before Mr. Godson, his superintendent, and the defendant did so. When be fore Mr. Godson, the defendant said that lie had been greatly annoyed by the company, and that he should annoy them, and again refused to give up the ticke. Mr. W. Prederi , le Godson, superintendent at the Waterloo station o the South-Western Ittilway, ex plained to the mac strate that it was only on a Sunday evening, when it vs •as difficult to calculate upon the number of passengers returning by any one train, that a want of sufficient room could occur, that second-class pass , angers were put into the first. the present instano.l it was done by the station-master Wandsworth; 4.4 ther than keep parties Waiting, perhaps an hour, for the next train. The parties put into the carriego with the defendant ware highly respectable, so much so that the defendant himself did not urga the slightest objection to them. Mr. Young hai:ded in the by.-laws of the com pany, properly authenticated, a••.d sail that the tickets mere the principal check which the company had upon their clerks at the different stations, and the necessity for their being carefully collmted must, therefore, appear perfectly obvious to his IV - Lrship. Mr. Biggar, in reply to the charge, said his com plaint was this, that the railway porter had taken it upon himself, without asking his (daendant's) con sent or permission, to let four second-class passengers into the carriage with him, treating them not as res pectable persons, for his expressions to the parties were—" Come, tumble up, tumble up." Ile (Mr. Biggar) had no complaint to make, as had been stated, of the conduct of the parties put into the car riage with him ' • but still feeling that the act was one of which he had a right and cause to complain, he had kept the ticket to give him an opportunity of doing so. He had written to the secretary of the company on the subject, and that gentleman, from the answer which he sent, seemed to think that he had a right to place a beggar with royalty inself; for the purport of the letter was that he (Mr. Biggar) had nothing whatever to do with the matter of what the persons put into the carriage with him paid, or whether they paid or not. Mr. NORTON thought that under such circum stances, permission of the first- class passengers should be asked, particularly when such passenger was ac companied by his wife or daughter. It was clear, however, that the defendant had no right whatever to detain the ticket, and that by doing so he had made himself liable to a penalty of 40s. As the object of the defendant was to raise the question of right, the case was not one in which the officers of the company would press for a heavy penalty. Mr. Young replied that it was not the wish of the officers to press for penalties. Their object was that of establishing their right to have the ticket. Mr. NORTON remarked that, under the circum stances, he would convict the defendant in a penalty of Is., and 2s. costs. THE NEW LORD caiEF JUSTICE. Lord :Campbell was yesterday sworn in a Ser geant-at-Law and Lord Chief Justice of England in the Lord Chancellor's private room, at the House of Lirds. Mr. Justice Coleridge and Mr. Justice Wightman were present, and the Noble Lord, after the ceremony, received the congratulations of his friends. The ceremony took place shortly betbre five o'clock. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Current, March 5.) SUGAR.—To-day the market for West India Sugar presented a dull aspect; both grocers and refiners made purchases with much caution, and on the part of holders a disinclination was shown to accede to lot er terms. Tha c q r u l a N n E t D it . y_s T ol o d .day was only 317 hhds, &c. There was no public sale of Barbadoes, indeed none is left in first hands. R there was a good demand for Refined Sugar fir home trade purposes, and brown grocery Lumps are not to be obtained under 48a 61 per cwt. In the value f Bonded Crushed there is no varia tion, and life business was done. MAURITIUS.—This afternoon Mauritius Sugar was less in demand, and at a public sale of 5,785 bags las casks, not above half found buyers, at barely former rates; mid to good yellow went at 37s to 38s 6d, low 35s Gd to 36s 61, fine brown 343 6d to 355, other sorts 31s to 33, 6d, low 29s to 306, refining binds 34s 6d to 38s, and grainy 39s to 42s per cwt. EAsT INDIA.—This afternoon the quantity of Bengal Sugar offered at public sale amounted to 3,979 bags, and prices declined Is to 2s for brown B°lo, whilst other kinds went rather cheerer ; still nearly the whole sold, Benares, mid to good white went at 38s GI to 39s 6d, fine 40s to 40s 61, grainy yellow 403 6d to 43s 6d, brown ditto 34s to 34s 6d, soft yellow 33s 6d to 37s 6d, low ditto 31s 6d to 32s Gd, Khaur 26s 6d to 30e, end very low dark 265 61 to 279. Of Madras 2,392 b'sgs were offered, but a small part only found buyers at Is decline; ord and vs ry low soft brown went at 27s to 28s 6d, better sort 29s to 30s, and low to middling yellow 30s 6d to 33s per cwt. FOREIGN.—To-day holders of Foreign Sugar dis played firmness, and none was offered at public sale. A fair business was concluded by private treaty at fully firmer rates, and at which there a - c not free sellers. MOLASSES.—There aro few bu3ers of West India; nevertheless, holders are firm in all the business they 6s t r ud a p n pp s el act, c. cwt.t , For a n and I n Eo o wa st to Intid n iea improvement thepr hc Treacleea s s i sa t sakk heldee dn are or p er l a in t6odl the to 133 141 6d, with few buyers there at. This afternoon at public sale 165 casks Mauritius Molasses were taken in at 13a for very low. COFFEE.—This afternoon there was little passing by private treaty in home trade or export sorts of Coffee, and 593 is the nearest value of Native Ceylon. At public sale 135 bags Brazd were nearly all taken in rather under the valuations; fine fine ord coloury Bahia at 57s to 58', and good pale Rio at 54s per cwt. Cocoe.—This afternoon the demand was n , t better for Cocos, and at public sale 423 bags Trinidad were all taken in at 45s per cwt. • TEA.—Holders of Congou are reluctant to accept lower rates, but dealers have made purchases with cau tion since our last report, uhilst the lowest and finest sorts met with the least attention. For common and good ord Congou the rates asked are 91d to 10d, 1 Id to is 2d for medium, and Is 3d to is 9d tor superior kinds. There has been a good business due in fine Green Tea at full terms, whilst there is only a moderate quantity on offer. Other kinds are less in demand, and can be obtained at rather lower ra.ei, as the market is better supplied. In scented and Pe'eoe Tea operations have been upon a limited scale at a slight reduction. SrxcEs.—Tc-day at public sale 155 bags of Pod Pep per were taken in at 20s for low mixed, but 650 bales Bengal Ginger sold at 19s 6d to 20s for middling export sorts, and damaged 135 6] to 17s. RICE. —Although prices rule low for East India, the demand for all purposes retrains small by private contract ; but holders have less desire to tell, and bring forward a smaller quantity for inspection. At auction, a ran only of 1,000 bags found burs at 8s 6d to 9s for broki.n Bengal, the supe• rice kind being taken in at 103 61. Cargo must be quoted at fes, pinky white Madras 8s 6d tu 93, and good to fin.: Bengal 10s to lls per cwt. Cleaned Rice is cheaper than last week, Carolina lulling at 20s to 245. At auction 120 casks of American changed hands at 19s to I9s 6d; and several parcels are near at hand. SAGO.—In Sago only small purchases have been made this week. At public sale 150 chests were taken in at 23; 6d to 24s for good small grain. Sego Flour is offered at 225. Farina is dull of sale at 15 6d to 16s 6J. For Tapioca prices have a downward tendency; at public sale 80 pkgs were taken in, good and fine Rto at 6d to 6P, and Bahia ordinary at 4d. Arrowroot is held for full rates. SPIRITS. —The rates asked fur Leeward bland Rum are is 5d to is Gd per gallon proof, still few orders have be e n executed, and there is a more plentiful supply. u a b s nu e d c t l er to a these eted rates. On only, on s parcels to arrive can bee h n old p e u r r s ch of Jamaica firmness is p apparent, but the m ark et assumed a quiet aspect, s S r a i t he r r " f, e more especially for low and mid sorts. The value of 28 Eab t : sits I° p nb4 a d' da r i 'a t ! of lit hoe da to 33 per cent. over proof is from 2s 61 to 2s 101 for plain and mid quality, 34 to 36 over, bctr 3s to 3s 4d, tine and choice 3s 61 to 4, 21 Fe: galor. Fur Demerara the market is firm, and a lair business has been done at 26 3 , 1 to 2s 6 1 for 30 ti 40 per cent. over proof. Cognac Brandy of the vireage of 18-18 4a 9d to 4s 11d, 1847 ditto at 5s 4] to 5i GJ, and inferior sorts at 3s to 4s 5d per gallon. Full terms are asked for Geneva, but only small orders have been executed at la 9d to is 10] for export sort, and fine for duty at 2s 3d to 3s 3d. British made Spirit ha; been in good demand at full rates. INDIGO.—Since the quarterly sales a East India operations have been trifling for all purposes, still holders are nut disposed to sell but at full rates, and only small parcels are on offer. Spanish is unaltered in value; there are ,nuw few buyers. SALTPETRE.—To-day there was not less activity in the market for rough, and at public sale 3,876 bags sold at fi m rates, Calcut . a 44 to 21- per cent refraction went at 28s to 28s 6 I, 6 61 ditto 27e to 28s, 8 ditto 26s to 26s 6d, not refracted any damaged 24s to 26s 61. COCHINEAL —This afternoon at public sale 132 bags of Cochineal only in part sold at rather lower rates, and went at from 4s to 5s 4d for Black Honduras. TeLeow.—The value of fine P. Y. candle is 36s 6d to 36s 9d per cwt., and both soap makers as well as chandlers only purchased sufficient for immediate wants , . The quantity for delivery in the last three months of the year are 375 61 to 38s per ewe, still only limited contrects have been entered into. Home melted has been purchased with caution, and 36; to 39s 61 is the value of prime nest cash. Of other sorts or Tallow large parcels have been offered at public sale whilst a small part only of 1,100 casks of Sydney found buyers at from 3 4 ; 61 to 35s 9] for low to fine, and 1,300 pkgs of South American at 33s to 35; 6d per cwt. Rough Fut is 2 . 5 01d per stone of 8 pounds. OILS,—At auction a Tart only of 50 tuna Seal found buyers, Pale et 37/ 5. to 37/ 10s, and straw 351. The value of other sorts is from 311 to 34/. Southern is wanted, and the parcels sold by private treaty were at full terms. At auctiou 41 tuns realised from 321 10s to 331 lOs for good and fine, For Cod prices are on the advance, and rule at 341 to 351105. Sperm is less waute I; Co lonial is 821 per tun. Cocoa Nut --Or 500 bags offered at public sale a small part only sold at 333 to 355, mid dling 31s, and very low et 29s 6d to 30s Gd per cwt. Holders of Palm exhibit fit MI,C3S, and a good demand exists, whilst the rates paid are 31s to 325 Gd for good and fine, and 30s to 30s 61 for low. A further decrease is apparent in operations in Olive Oil, and holders mani fest a greater desire to sell, whilst prices have fallen to 48/ to 49/ for Gellipoli, an d 461 to 47/ f.)r other sorts For Linseed Oil there aro sellers at 32s to 325 :3] cwt on the s i -ot, whilst hag, r parcels are on offer. Tee amount. Of business concluded has been small fur delivery at 32s 6J 1) 32, 9d. For Rape Seed Oil only small purchases have been made, brown at 403 to 40s 6d, pale 41s to 41s 61, and Foreign 43; to 445, and brown 40; 6d to 41s. BuciiißEsT, FEB. 13.—The crown (..f St. Stephen, which Kossuth was supposed to h tire carried off, is n ow te!n; traced. Au Hungarian refugee named ,Bolick has just been arrested at Co:;stautinople, and several of the jewels beLnging to the craws were fiund in his posse3sion. MORALITY IN A WEATIIER COCK.—What moral sentence does a wea th er - ; , Tc k su4pst ?—lt is a vane thing to tt-spite, IMPER E./IL PikitL/AMENT 11017 SE OF LORDS, Abirch 5. Tre Lonn CHANCELLOR took his sf at upon the Wool sack at Five oVo:.1:. Lord HATITEHTON proxented several petitions praying f.,r the extension of the jurisdiction of the county cow ts. . . . The Earl of ELLEN'I3OROUGH presented a petition praying for a bete- supply of wa:er t) the inetrop,ll3. .ALDERNEY- . C`ICSE OF MRS. RILEY. The Duke of WELLINGTON moved for certain papers and orders relating to this case, in addition to those moved for by Lord Brougham last night. COMMONS ENCLOSURE BILL, On the motion for the second reading of this Bill, Lord PORTMAN thought this a favourable opportu nity of directing the attention ( f their Lordships t) the subject of agricultural statistics. A f3w years since there hid been a paid:, under the idea that there would be a scircity, whereas if they had had proper statistical returns it would have appeared that there was an ample supply of corn, more or less concealed, and prices would not have risen as they had done, in the same way, be believed, that in good years farmers had been led to entertain undue ap prehensions of a glut, which they would not have enter tained ha 1 they li,d proper statistical returns. The Earl of GRA:NV ILIA: admitted the importance of the subj Pet. After a few words from the Earl of MOUNT CASIIELL, the Bid was road a second time. THE EARL GREY EMIGRANT SHIP. The Earl of MOUNTCASHELL then rose, pur suant to notice, to move an address for—first, a return of all papers connected with the Ea-1 Grey emigrant ship, in order to embrace the dispatebe3 of the Lieu tenant-Governor of Sydney, with its enclosures; and the report cf the Emigration Committee therein re ferred to. Second, the communication from Earl Grey to his Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant. Third, the evidence and report of Mr. Otway, Poor-law Inspector. Fourth, all correspondence from his Ex cellency the Lord-Lieutenant, addressed to Earl Grey. Fifth, the reports of the Emigration Commissioners. ad dressed to Earl Grey. Sixth, the reports of the Poor law Inspectors, Otway and Senior, on this subject; with their marginal notes. Seventh, copies of letters from the Poor-law Commissioners to the Belfast board of guardians; with all other correspondence on the subject. Earl GREY objected to the motion as unnecessary. The papers laid before their Lordships contained full details on the subject, and if, when they should have been printed, the Noble Earl considered the production of the documents which he now moved for necessary they should be pro duced. lie begged to state that he bad not said it was the Be'fsst board of guardians who had made the change of persons complained of, but the board c f guardians of Dungannon. He trusted, however, that nothing that had passed would tend to check emigration to Australia. He would now state, in order to correct any false ideas that might exist on the sub ject, that out of 29,987 emigrants who had gone out to Australia recent'y, only 486 deaths had oc curred. Nearly 200 surgeons had been employed in this service, and there had been very few cases of actual misconduct, although there had been some in which surgeons had been reported as deficient in energy. Many of the complaints which had been made on this subject had turned out to bo unfounded, and it was clearly the interest of the owners and charterers of emigrant ships to render that service as perfect as possible, and ho believed that they endeavoured to the utmost of their power to do so, and that, generally speaking, emigration had been conducted in a manner highly honourable to the individuals concerned in its superintendence and highly honourable to the country. The Earl of MOUNTCASHELL denied that the surgeons of emigrant ships deserved the high character which had been given them by the Noble Earl, and the silence of the medical men under the charges which he (the Earl of Mountcashell) brought against them proved the truth of those charges. The great majority of the sur geons were incompetent or vicious, because the remunera tion offered was not sufficient to induce men of superior qualifications to accept the appointment. Many of them were merely apothecaries, and some of them only apo thecaries' apprentices. The Colonial-office must reform the system altogether. He should on Friday move for returns of penalties imposed on persons for breaches of duty under the Emigration Act. Earl GREY explained. The Earl of MOUNTCASHELL rose, and was pro ceeding to enter into details on the subject of which he had given notice for Friday next, when Lord BROUGHAM rose to crder. It was not com petent for a Noble Lord to discuss a motion on giving notice of his intention to raiso a discussion on it at a future reriod.—(Hear.) The Earl of MOUNTCASHELL said that the Noble and Learned Lord was the last who ought to have called him to order, as no one was to constantly guilty of breaches of order as the Noble and Learned Lord himself. The Noble Earl then proceeded amidst roars of laughter,which frequently rendered him inaudible, to show that his conduct was perfectly in order, and concluded by giving not:ca of his intention of moving on Friday for returns relating to the emigrant ship Sobraon, and the subject dropped. It was understood that the motion made by the Noble Earl this evening was withdrawn. SCOTCH FARM PRODUCE BILL. Lord BROUGHAM. movcd the second reading of this Bill. The Earl of ABERDEEN hoped that the Committee would be fixed for some day next week. The Bill was then re .d a second time. PETITIONS. The Earl of CARLISLE presented a petition against a Post-office delivery on a Sunday. The Earl of HARROWBY presented a petition from Liverpool f a repeal of the window-tax; also a petition against a Sunday deli ery cf letters; and a petition for increa3ing the number of bishops. Lord IIONTEAGLE moved for certain returns rela ting to the Irish Poor-law Unions.—Ordered. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, March 5. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. NEW MEMBER. Colonel ROMILLY, the new Member for Canterbury, took the oaths and his seat. The Hon. and Gallant Member was introduced by his Learned Brother Sir John Romilly, the Solicitor• General, and Mr. Ord. SECOND READING. The Railway Assurance Company Bill was read a ee. elnd time and ordered to be committed. PETITIONS. A great number of petitions were presented against Sunday labour in the Post-office. Colonel FREESTUN presented a paition from the inhabitants of the town and borough of Weymouth and Melcombe Regis against Sunday labour in the post offi es throughout the United Kingdom. Mr. HENRY presented a petition from a place in Lan cashire, signed by 4,737, in favour of a redaction of the duty on tea. Mr. TRELAWNY presented a petition against the church-rates. Mr. W. J. FOX presented several petitions in favour of the Marriage Bill; also several petitions praying for a reduction of the duty on tea; and several petitions in favour of a system of secular education. Lord HOTHAL presented a petition from the West Riding of Yorkshire praying for agricultural protection. Mr. A. HASTIE presented a petition from Glasgow praying for a reduction of the duty on paper, and for the abolition of the stamp duty on newspapers. Sir R. INGLIS pr3seet2d several petitions against the Marriage Bi:1; also a petition praying for agricul tural protection; and a petition in favour of the Ten Hours' Bill. Mr. LEGE' presented a pet . tion from Chester in favour of agricultural protection. Mr. WILSON presented a petition against the paper duty and the penny stamp on newspapers. Sir F. TIIESIGER p; esented a petition from Don caster against the Marriage Bill. Mr. HUME presented a petition from Norfolk, in fa vour of county financial boards ; also a petition from Stafford praying for a rept' of the taxes on knowledge. Mr. OSBORNE presented a petition from Middlesex, praying for a reduction of the duty on paper, also for the abolition of the penny stamp on newspapers. Mr. M. GIBSON presented a petition in favour of the establishment of county financial hoards. Mr. HUME presented a petition from the royal burgh of Cupar, in Fife, complaining of the present system of Post-office communication with that place. MONEY ORDERS IN THE POST-OFFICE. In reply to Mr. WILLIAMS as to why the recom mendations of a Mr. Sanders as to an improved mode of conducting the business cf the money order department of the Post-office had been carried out in preference to those:of Mr. Smee, the chief accountant of the Bank of England, Mr. HAYTER said he had to give a very simple answer to the question of the Honourable Gentleman. He begged to refer the Hon. Member to a letter writtea by the Postmaster-General in the month of August last, and which letter stated that the Postmaster-General, after a careful examination of the plans, had decided that Mr. Smee's was inferior to the one then in opera tion, inasmuch as it had nothing to recommend it but a diminution of security, and an increase of expense in the working. NOTICES OF MOTION. Mr. MUTT gave notice that he should bring the sub ject of the slay.* trade before the House. Mr. EWART postponed his motion for the repeal of the advertisement duty till this day fortnight. Mr. HUME hoped to be able to bring on his motion on the subject of the Lord-Lieutenancy of Ireland this day fortnight. Mr. SHAFT() ADAIR gave notice of his intention to move, on Thursday, for leave to bring in a Bill to pro vide In the more equitable distribution of the charge for the re ief f the poor in certain cities and towns. On the motio❑ of Mr. FRENCH leave of absence was given to Mr. Keogh fur a futtnight on urgent private business. On the motion of Sir JOSHUA WALMSLEY leave of absence wai given to Mr. Charles Pearson on account of ill-health. FRENCH POSTAGE. Mr. CARDWELL presented a petition from Liver pool praying that letters passini , between England and France might r ass by way of F o lkestone. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. Sir W. moLEswouni wished to repeat the ques tion he had asked the Attorney-General on Thursday last, v!z., NO- e•her the persons appointed by her Me jesty to make laws L,r the colony of Western Australia can at present legally levy taxes on the inhabitants or property of that colony. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL was of opinion that the persons appoin e l by her Majesty's Government to make laws for the colony could at present levy taxes en the property of the colonists. Sir W. DIQLESWQIO.II Raked if the Attorney- General was of opini.n that under the Act which had expired Parliament lied r: iced in a.° colony the perma nent power of legislating and of levying taxes in Wes tern Australia The ATTORNEY GENERAL sail the que3Von hould have been put in wring b fore he answered it, ia it was extrem.dy inconvenient to al sties' questims hrown out in that way. ROYAL IRISH DRAGOON GUARDS. Colonel CHATTERTON asked the Right Honour able the Secretary at War, if a fund, called the bt. Patrick'. Fund in the 4th Royal Irish Dragoon Guards, has b. en arranged; and if so, if he has any objection to lay on the table the particulars cf that arrangement, and how the sum of 3,0001. and upwards, belonging to that fund, has been divided and disposed of. Mr. FOX MAULE said the Commission which bad been lately appointe I had revised various funds, and among the rest the fund belonging t her Majesty's Royal Irish Drsgooon *Guards. As soon a 3 their report shall have been digested and put irto term, there would he no objection whatever to lay it upon the table, by which the public would see that all bad been dune which could he possibly desired. This much, however, he might say, that the system of benefit societies would not henceforth be allow ed in any regiment CONDITION OF THE WORKING CLASSES. Mr. SLANEY then rose to move for a Sanding Committee or unpaid Commission, to consider and report on practical plans (not connected with political changes) for the social improve ment cf the working and poorer classes. In doing this, the Honourable Gentleman said that ho was aware how iniffieie t he was to support the position which he had undertaken, and how much better it would have been if some Member of more weight had under taken the motion which he was about to make.—(Hear.) One thing, however, there was in his favour, for he was in possession of much information in consequence of having been Chairman of the Committee upon this sub ject some y ears since. From that infirmation he had found that while the higher and middle classes had been daily advancing in wealth and the acquisition of com fort, the working classes had been daily retrograding. In fifty years, that is during this century, the increase f the labouring classes in the towns had been double of that in tee rural districts. And lamentable was the • condition of those in these districts. There were many reports presented to that House to which Honour able Gentlemen could refer, but with which he (Mr. Slaney) would not trouble tt e House. The Commission which was appointed in 1843 stated in their report that in almost all the populous towns in the country the regulations for the health, comfort, and moral training of the poorer classes were very de fective; and the Childrens' Employment Commission, whore operations extended from 1831 to 1842, reported that in the great majority of towns the drainage and ventilation of the dwellings of the labouring classes were entirely neglected, and that no opportunities were afforded them for innocent amuse ment and healthful recreation. The consequence was that their offspring were stunted in growth, delicate, pale, and sickly. That Commission stated that there were no adequate means in existence to effect any material or general improvement in the physical or moral condition of children, and young per sons employed in labour. There was also another class of labourers comprising a population of 600,000 persons—he meant the handloom weavers. The report established beyond all deutt that this state if things was productive of much distress and dissipa tion among,t no less than 600,000. The next class to which the report referred was railway labourers, who appeared to be equally as bad off, and yet with respect to tl.em nothing had been done to alleviate their condition, and he would, with the permission of the House, venture to state what had been the effect of all this neglect. The effect of it had been to increase the crime, to increase the pauperism, to increase the discontent prevailing throughout the country ' • and to prove that he did not exinzgerate, he would only point to the wide-spread discontent that always manifests itself amongst the working classes on the subject of their political and social condition. The Registrar Generel's returns also proved the extent of the miseries which the humbler classes of society suffered and endured, showing beyond all question that they endured double the illness and double the loss of life than almost any other class of the community. Surely, then, there was urgent necessity for some change in the system. The criminals committed in England and \Vales in the ear 1805, were 4,600 ; in 1815, they were 7.800 ; in 1831, they were 19,000; in 1841, they were 27,000; in 1847, they were 28,800; and in 1848, they were 30,300. Was it not a serious statement to make, and one which could not be contradicted, that the commit'nent for crime had increased six times as fast as the population of this country, in spite of all the improvements, the weeltb, and in spite of all the greatness which we saw around us ? lie wanted to suggest some deliberative Committee which would consider what were the causes which are preventing the humbler classes reaping a fair share in the advantages of which every other class partook.—(Hear, hear.) He found that the increase of crime had been three fold. He wished that he could fully look into the cases, for he felt that the doing so would tend largely to the improvement of the working classes.—(Hear.) It they would only look to the condition of neighbouring coun tries, and he would take the most prominent, that of France, they would find that this increase of crime was not owing to the criminality observable in towns so much as it was to that depreciation of morality which was strikingly observable in the rural districts. In France, in 18 4 5, the number of criminals of the kind to which he al luded, was 7,000, in 1835 it was 6,500, and in 1845 it was smaller, while in this country since that time the proportion had increased to fourfold. Between 1806 and 1841 the population of this country had increased by 55 per cent., whereas the increase of crime had been 92 per cent. There was one thing to which he would desire to call the attention r f the House, and that was a fact derivable from the invaluable work of Mr. Porter—that fact was the vast incresee in the assessments for the poor. The Hon. Member congratulated the House that there had been a diminution, but he thought there had been little diminution since the year 1834, when the new law had been passed, and at the present time was increasing at a great ratio. lie ( Mr. Slaney) had calculated the sum which could be saved to the country by some measure of this sort at 27,000,000/. per annum for England and Wales, and if they took in Ireland and Scotland, 40,000,0001. would be the sum which could be saved in such items as hospitals, police, transportation, asylums, and gaols. But he was asked what was the remedy for this, and here he begged the attention of the House. If ho had brought forward this motion with some political motive, or entertained some political opinions with it, ho would have had no difficulty in obtaining an audience. But when independent Members, who were the only Members, he would remind the House, who ever brought forward their motions for the benefit of the people—whoa they brought forward their motions they had great diffi culty in gaining the attention of the House. There were three things which he thought it w as their bounden duty to do— to afford instruction for their chil dren—to render some protection to their health—and to give due encouragement to their indite t; y. He asked no more than this, and less he thought would nut be justice. Ile Loped, therefore, that the House would epee to the appointment of a Committee composed of gen'lemen on either side of the House with good heads and warm hearts, with the view of inquiring what political measures could be brought forward from time to time for improving the condition of the working classes. This course might bo objected to on the ground that it would encourage false hopes, but he thought any objection of such a nature might be obviated by stating specifically and clearly the intention which gave rise to the inquiry, v:z., to give fair play to the working classes, to protect them from fabd, and to give them those advantages which other classes of the community possessed.—(Hear.) In 1830 a Committee on manufactures sat, and he would mention the facts that came out before the Committee, with regard to the three great trades of England cotton, wool'en, and hardware. There were three classes of workmen employed in the manufactures. In all these classes they were amply sufficient to provide the workmen with comfort and support, but they wanted some means of spreading them over a given period, so as to guard against the fluctuations of good wages and no wages at all. Now could not some measure of that sort be devised without having re course to anything in the shape of a Government to protect the workpeople of this country from those calamities which were constantly coming upon them? True a Bill ea, brought in and pasred that House for establishing benefit societies, but there was some technical difficulty in the way of carrying that measure into operation on the association prin.. ciple, and it was ultimately abandoned. With regard to the subject of illness, the House was probably aware that benefit societies ware confined to relieving the illness of the man himself, and they were, therefore net calculated for providing against the illness of the man's family; but the matter would be a very pro per one for the consideration of the Commissioners which he was now recommending. He would now ven ture to call the attention of the House to another im portant subject. They had lately had their attention directed to the miserable situation of a number of poor women who could find no employment in this great metropolis.—(Hear ' hear.) The interposition of the Right Hon. Member for Wiltshire to direct public sympathy to this class was worthy of the highest praise, and he had aided it with his own humble mite. He, however, begged the House to remember that that state of things was a symptom and not a cause. He asked what was the cause of the depressed condition of the poor? That cause was the excess of numbers to the demand for their labour in particular localities. To take a few people out of one country and remove them to another was but to take a drop out of the ocean. Now, was it not their duty to turn their minds and see what was the cause of that excess ? He had no hesitation in say i ng i t was . the want of forethought. Now, in stead of the ruling powers —instead of the edu cated classes having stepp el in for the pur pose of assisting forotheughe, they had acted in some reap -cts on the other side. The ssrne thing hod been douc throughout ill the manufectaring towns, by the neglect of all the se provisions for the decency, for t h e comfort, and for the s elf-. aspect of those parties in their several localities. lle asked them whether it would not be perfectly futile to expect any amendment in the persons in such districts? For his own part he thought that they should take to an en tire change of system, and instead of building pri sons and ensrmous workhouses f.sr the re fsrmation of those who were dark and comparatively black with crime, they should turn their attention to the instruction of the d silo and the innocent, and endeavour for the future rather to avert than to emcee' the fault which yr as now of such serious detriment to the country.—(Hear, hear.) They had found that the worki n g closes biul ever been true to thexu,:eheo, When the principle of savings' banks was fir st a working promulgate], it originated withth man who, while all his fellows were resP ff ' a great reward from his conception l ad Ilifsse remained in obscurity.—(hear, hear.) Th e poor butmarl looked forward to a retirement on his own property,t e rfee hew could such an id ea b e rea lised ? It was a c fallaey, a mere farce, for how could a poor lean witch e expert. es of a conveyance be fore his eyes expect sa re: u't ? If the House would give some induceci meat to these classes for saving, they would respon d to the kindness. Their industry, their diligence: no man could deny who had seen the va s ' works which hal been consummated during this cell- Besisl.e s tury. Railways and canals alike attested this. this they had other qualities, the feelings of cha nt !: and forbearance one towards another. It was ur a these grounds that he had ventured to bring forwar tt e present motion. Mr. TRELAWNY opposed the motion. Ile bad as high a respect for the working classes as any °IC in the House, but he could not agree to a motion 11 the present, which was calculated to mis lead the his ta' He thought the Honourable Geotleman, by own showing, had proved that it would be hopeless and delusive to attempt to 1.004 the eels of which he complained h. any legislative interference v , and his re les t a mounted in ' to asking Parliament to give the working classes foricd thought.—(Hrar, hear ) Believing t h e motion wa n d not accomplish the obj• et which the lion. Gentleman ba in view, he felt bound to give it his decide] oppositior. Sir G. GREY c - rnplitneeted the Honourable en tleman upon the sincerity and temper wh ieb had shown in bringing forward the motion. ou fed,earrYt however, doubted whether it was practicab le out the plan which the lion. Gentleman prop No I t No doubt he did ne t know precisely what the plan was. it was impoi tint thet the information sho uld be cool; lected, as the Honourable Member wished , though n ot lected, as the Honourable Member wished, thom be r exactly in the manner which the Honourab le blew or prcposed. The appointment of a newlyCommissio a Standing Committee of the House would vast lead to Parliament being overwhelmed with t. number of reports relative to a distress, the most Irani, tant causes of which were already well keown, but which he did not think it was in the power of any tegialativo enactment to remove. Many private mitigate had stress t:el, by their exertions, to 1 : 0 'w - ft the distress, and so much was being done e. OO of a practical nature to improve the coedit' of the working classes, that there was cessity now than there might have been l i j list merly for the adoption of such a plan es t he His Hon. Fiiend had endeavoured to draw the line 7, - ,; tween improving the condition of the working if is 'a t apart from political changes. He (Si r to Grey) did not know how it was possible - A be less draw such a distinction. Under these circunistane,essnut (Sir G. Grey) really hoped his Hon. Friend woulu o - aa• press his motion on the House, otherwise h e (Sir Grey) should be reluctantly compelled to oppose it. believe Mr. SOTHERON said he could not but h.,e 11e ,„, that the proposition of the Honourable .11e•-o-s bar (Mr. Slaney), however benevolent in its con. caption, would end in general disappointtne He hoped that tale lion. Member would not be de' terred by the ill-success of his present motion, but sva" persevere in his benevolent intent b y ions. the Mr. HUME thought that the objects soug ht Hon. Gentleman would be much better attained by S r s vate association than by a Committee of the lious e, , ou ld Government officer. Upstairs, in the library, h e /s , by find reports of the association, which was set on fens too Sir Thomas Barnard, which would of the best manner in which to proceed. arab le Mr. M. MILNES trusted that his Ilouo.o, Friend who had brought forward the q ue ,„ st s i od would not be deterred from bringing it forward aga;f9od again, and urging it upon the Government, nowt ° a ged ing the reception it had met with that night. He trusted give him informal, the Government would take up the subject upon a- e occasion. Mr. H. HERBERT—As the subject lal been I I; tioned he trusted that the Government would ere loiley something with respect to savings' bunk +, an d that th ey would awaken the public mind to the feet that j a were not responsible for the defalcations that these establishments. He thought, howeert,esate the Government ought to de something t o rem ,r r t he the parties who had lost so much by them, unssueverris impression that they had got the security of the u°' went. int ° Mr. CAMPBELL said that if they were to aPP°OOO. commission for the purposes contemplated by thu to be Member for Shrewsbury, it ought, in his °p bad of a paid one. The experience they had hitherto le to unpaid commissions was not, he thought, a belief in their efficacy. During the past a n , tti to the most magnificent inquiry had been instituted aa doe tere social condition of the working-classes by the e" ; v WO of the Morning Chronicle, the result of that inqu' r t s s oot ing been not only the collection of a vsst 1.1 0 4 of e valuable information, but also the resuscitate° tom social movement. Now, he believed that no su ch ; r d cow could ever be obtained from the labours of ooP' o f the missioners, and he could not, therefore approv e i des' fevourano motion which had been submitted for their con Lion by the Hon. Member for Shrewsbury. ~eetiott Mr. STANFORD said that he could see na °l4„siect to the appointment of' unpaid commissioners tO , en f t' information upon the subjects to which them otlriote ferred. There could be no doubt but tha t if P aw es' . Member of the House were hereafter to introdnee t o sios sure for improving the condition of the working c e rn tbt f he would derive very material support fr - on e l act, that his proposal had received the eanctlithout such commissioners. Indeed, he believed that I l ia n ot that support a measure t f that descriptions e a lc' f ossibly succeed, from a want of a sufficiently estos. tel est on the part of lion. Members in such (I° o o He had observed wits regret the little attention woe the House had that evening paid to the very valuable ba d and able statement of the Hon. Gentlemen wonber brought forward that motion. If the lin,n:segoldis should think proper to press the motion to a u"",. (Mr. Stanford) should certainly vote in its fav° ° ,,,• • s eter l . l , Lord R. GROSVENOR said he felt bound m b a r f' 3 l ,` his best thanks to his Hon. Friend the al e r ting to Shrewsbury for having undertaken tke unarn - 1 - 91 1 , 1 ! ) , he had performed that evening. Ile did n°' " a euks'e charge the House or the Government with any belie' hard-heartedness, but ho should say that 1 0 h i :, wer e the oftener the su ff er i ngs o f the working claes brought under their notice the better. ee circ a/13 h ; Mr. SLANEY said he felt that, under all tes,, e tot% stances of the case, he should not be doing itt s- s noti7 cause which he advocated if he were to press Iris he h' to a division. But he hoped that the subject to t heir brought forward under their notice would sink u l e li ta w e ous i : minds, and that they would give to it their " n lase e i deration. The present condition of the working e pu tof ribe loudly called for some step for the attainment WO Ol. . he had in view; and he trusted that such a s te P tee 1)18 taken by her Majesty's Government. The'96lsier'Pet' Right Hon. Friend the Secretary for the Utf i ni e a nner went and other Hon. Members, fir the kin" — t hat st V which they had alluded to his exertions upon jest, he begged leav e t o w ithdraw his mot ion• The motion was accord•ngly withdrawn. see elSE. THE PARLIAMENTARY FRANke's, it tearer- Lord J. RUSCELL said he wished to ent,' ln stsn ie,; Hon. and Gallant Freud the Member for IT e sc i f isabl i (Sir De Lacy Evans), whether it would not be..00,,,bie that he should postpone for the pre eat the t i l. L o i r t he l ir stood r eat on the notice paper, in his nam e ' nary, 11. 1 1 ; troduction of a Bill to extend the Parnell:lntos a ess s . chise in this ccuntry. A motion of a sonie w r 0 01 character had been brought forward t h e oth e and has by his Hon. Fiiend the Member for Montrose, for Da v woo then undergone considerable discussion; a T r aw l to the enlargement of the number of voters in ` sta nces 1 . 0 , still before the House. Under these drea m t ,' n ot hoped that his lion. and Gallant Friend vlvg• ens silt in bringing forward his motion that eve n s° soOta. a , Sir DE LACY EVANS said that, as ,„ t 0 0 1 13 ° 10 might be inopportune for the discussion of 0 ;4 0 e. t he _he should act bring it forward upon that Irs cation' it t ° oes her. wished to give notice that he would sau f m t b e Pa r uouse on an early day after the passi n g I). mentary Voters (Ireland) Bill. POSTAL COMMUNICATION 1... t he LONDON AND PARIS. . fora o f Mr. MACKINNON presented a P merchants, traders, and other inhabitants 4 ts k P e en London, praying that ' an investigation Lair. e berlr a ,, „i c attoP „, into the present mode of postal conaratle. in cr. , - t he London and Paris; and a petition from T ot er ° fle a' traders, and other inhabitants of 3 1 so s i m ilar roe same effects He wished to observe that a 0 01. co w tion bad already been presented from Li ve g e lect etitior then itywo Hon. Member then proceeded to move for %a cocas; pensive mittee to ascertain the most exraiitiOtte t oo nor pensive mode of postal communication het" a nd a c i ,edi and Paris. The advantages of facilitatingerecogn t i n e rating that communication were so universe 11i3 a tten t b° that he need not dilate upon that point. Fl OO O3 OO O had first been directed to the subject by art f the ° the , ~rt 0 h e had seer, to the effect that in the early pais 'Joao' of January last an express sent Wm ell 00 t hro 0 a Times newspaper, had reached Londe se se b ed loose, in about eight hours. That ev e ni n g ' ae,„loolt Paris at half-past eight o'clock in the eig ht O" ‘ll O been printedand • TS s ee h Jett( e h ear t he on the following merning, while the circulated in London at tbf mail from Paris, through Calais, at the "„ c iock Vont! feu e, not been circulated in London until next afternoon; so that about eight hours ototiolitoii, between the receipt of the private coinor she ' q Oa by p ll the Times and the receipt of the lets er % thStt riys In former times it had teen customer/ o f p bb ite information should take precederleCtste of ' e d j ) information ; but it appeared that I • ;. ye begg, e So: was at present completely altered. '7 o i t tae P ott p o 7 state that in moving for that Cc 111 „„ it blalg.ttef e " net the slightest intention of throwingr bet: our Post-office authorities; on the contrafooald,,iot that nothing could be more 2atisLictory; jnent. r ani ter managed, than our Post-office dePa greatsa be& Colton hetu e was sure that it would be a source of ittes h t. r l b° cation to the country to find that ts :0 , ve appointed for the purpose cf ascertalU/ i set o l a of . 00 a P to 1 l'onslni'e cove mite present communication between the a I ,P w orld greatest and most r a „ f r ee- o to s , 0 aceelerated. It was ti tie that the ro o lr eoras erlY so d blt t , Calais was the mode of coinmunicati between Paris and London. Teat, vessels it tr c e,,,,' J s oa' owing to the fac', that with sailiug pa t "; 0 1 Ib ° : s easier to reach Calais than Bouleg9eihat had been n o t had since come into operation; and the year po or to result ? Why. he found that while fro t .0 less than 38,000 pissengers had p,o, o0 looitiovo.!, Calais, and only 11,090 from Dover t_i!; ot ., ha ought th e year 1847, as many as 78,000 PaS" Or o hi o f Boulogne, and only 16,000 to Caltl33' heen set 00 8 pr o the preference which hal in that waY,,m r , se ttY t of to public ts the route by Boulogne rye s r„,l ean ensrsodo u _s, f its superiority. Since the cowls,' „ on . .uv to s e.rrti t fecal loge 00 year 1848, the English snails were scl " "Cal a l5 ` t j 11 13 1: Dover, from Dover to an a , s roh .00 and Paris. By thee line the journeY e a di less than 66 miles; and these 68 witeP 4