The Sun. — London, England, 1814-07-11 00:00:00

INDIA SMITING BILL. [From a Correspondent.] , We expected, from the general feeling which so universally prevails dgainst the East India Ship ping Bill, and the - removal. of the building of ships for the ladle. and- China Trade, from the United Kingdom to Asia, that his Majesty's Go vernment stould either have abandoned it, or have declared their relict - Mess to introduce into the Bill: such clauses as will afford adequate protection to the Ship-building and Manufacturing Interests of this country, and give them some chance of par ticipating in the building of ships for the trade to' India and China. This expectation - was held out last year by the opposers 'of the East India Com pany, to the Ship-builders of London, and the Out-ports ; who were likewise told, .that the most extensive national advantages were to - 1 1 ,c ge nerally derived from the opening of the Trade to India ; yet, notwithstanding these flattering:as iurances, which were relied on by the trading and manufacturing classes of this country, we are now told by a few Indian houses, that India wants little how England ; that India is the ex porting country t that the exports consist prin cipally,of remittances made by the private India- Mercantile Houses, of the wealth accumulated by British Residents in India ; that such remit tances can be made upon better terms, and more inlvantagebusly in bills of exchange given as 'the medium of remittance, if this whole trade is carried on in teak ships built in India ; and these persons have, by some • strange and incomprehensible influence, so far succeeded in their views as to have induced the Govern- Inent to bring a Bill into Parliament, framed by the Board of Controul, and, of course; Most strenuously supported by the Indian Interests, - which annihilates at once all future hope, and de stroys all chance of competition between the Bri tish Ship-builders and' those .in Asia; and, for the - purpose of increasing the overgrown wealth of the Indian Interests, and throwing the .whole trade into the hands of the Mercantile Houses establish - et! in India, the ancient establishments of this country -are to he sacrified, and all the hopes of the Nation disappointed, by finding, that the Mo nopoly of the East India Company, Which, ,with all its disadvantages, still kept the trade, and the resources arising out of it, in this country, has been put an end to, only for the purpose of trans ferring all the advantages of the trade to India. That the discussion of a measure so pregnant with mischief—so subversive of the former and succesful policy of the country—so uncongenial to the feelings, sentiments and .interests of the Nation at large, should be postponed from clay to day until a very large proportion of the Mem bers of the Legislature are from necessity obliged to leave town; is as' unusual as it is reprehensible and then that the second reading of the Bill should be fixed for a time, to-morrow, when many of the • emainiag Members are obliged to 'attend the ineighbouring Quarter Sessions. The surprise excited by so tenacious an adher ence •to this impolitic and unpopular measure is naturally great, .and-is increased by the recollec tion of what has hitherto been the uniform course of feeling and sraiment of the Majority of the Members of his Majesty's present Government on subjects of this nature, " who not swayed by in considerate attachment to general principles," and • recollecting that the Naval and Military Power, the wealth, and the preponderating influence of the Empire, have all arisen out of, ,and been pre served by, the wholesome and beneficial restric tions under which the trade and navigation of the country have been for centuries carried on ; should at the present moment, when further restrictive. measures are necessary to preserve at home the strength and resourses arising from commerce, al low this Bill to proceed, because the mistaken opinions of some, and the prejudices of other in 4lividnals, are . still died:led, notwithstanding a bodyof evidence moreclear, satisfactory, and con vincing, than has ever been offered to Parliament upon any similar question has unequivocally shewn, that "if this Bill passes into a law, it will create a mischievous monopoly in favour of the India Ship-builders, to the total exclusion and ultimate destruction of ,those in Great Britain. His Ma jesty's Ministers, should themselves, in justice to the country, peruse the whole of the evidende given before the Select Committee, before they give their farther sanction to a measure so preg nant with injury to the general interests of the. country ; for a subject of more universal 'in terest, whether as affecting the country with .reference to its naval superiority, or the interests of the Landholders, Merchants, or Manuijicturers, has never been before Parliament. It has recent- . . ly been asked, who are the persons oppos jug this Pill It was answered . the Members for the maritime counties and - the out-ports—the great landholders—the manufacturers of articles used in the buiWing and equipment of-ships—and various other classes' of society—..that it was in fact a. British Question supported by British Inte rests With such a feeling existing, is it'uot astonishing that the Bill, in its present shape, - should be still pressed an the . attention of Par liament It Must be painful to those who exult in the success of the present Administration, from a conviction that . the ,- general views, feel ings, and conduct of the Members of it, are iu unison with the best interests of the country, to see them permit a few individuals to persevere in a measure ,which catruot fail to produce extensive injury, and great dissatisfaction, and which must,. .11 not .abandoned, throw a shade over their other measures,. and weaken that confidence in their judgment and firmness, which has hitherto united ..56 large a body of the country in their support. It is admitted by all practical men, that. when try the peace, a free commercial' intercoUrse shall have been established between Europe and the remote parts - of the trading world, that England various well-known causes, to mu st expect from v be excluded from a considerable part of the carry ing trade, especiall,- front those ,countries where the cost of building and equipping ships is so much cheaper than in Great Britain. This inconve nience, arising from the immense sacrifices made 'bv.the people of this country, to retain its free dom and recover the independance ,of Europe, is only to be counteracted by an adherence to the general policy and salutary restrictions xvbiell the Legislature at different times lirs made for maintaining and - carrying on British - - commerce in British-built shiPping. This adherence to prac tical experience, admitted by all who hare can didly considered the subject (with reference to practical experience, as contrasted with theory and speculative principles), .to be essentially ne cessary for the protection of the trade, the navi gation, and the naval ascendancy of the country ; will secure a continuance of prosperity in every suit, whether of home manufactures or foreign. commerce, in which we may be engaged. - - An abandonment of this policy may appear to b- pro ductive of temporary advantage, and may be at tempted to be defended on theoretical principles, but will: in the end be found to be productive of the. evil consequences which always follow - a de parture from maxims established by experience, and - which hare been productive of result so gra tifying to the interests and prided this country. The British conimunity has unquestionably .ar rived at a state of luxurious refinement in living', unequalled by any other nation. Its wants are more artificial, its modes are more costly, and its general habits of expellee so far surpass those of neighbouring States ; as to defy comparison. The labouring classes should enjoy proportionably the blessings and comforts of life with all the other members of the community. The wealth of the nation is derived from their toil, and its security - is on their arm : our seamen can no longer be served with'black bread and stock-fish, 04 our Mechanics will not be satisfied with rice or cam-. vancers ; all ranks in society have advanced a step above their cotemporaries in other quarters of the globe ; and the existing spirit Of enterprise . will continue to ensure to this country all the ad vantages which have hitherto been enjoyed by all ranks of society, notwithstanding any trifling ex cess of freight, which must of course be borne by the public at large, in return for the Safefy and many benefits they have enjoyed, and which will always result from the employment of British built ships and British seamen ; but the fact must not be stifled, that the price for freight has not been in the least degree diminished by the use' of teak-built -ships, and the whole cost of freight from India - upciu coarse articles does not amount to twopence for a pound weight, Ind the utmost diminution of freight that the most sanguine advocates for the New System of sailing with two thirds British seamen and one-third Lascars, can venture to hope for, will not amount to one far.- thing in the pound weight °tithe coarser articles, and not one-tenth part of a farthing per yard upon cloths and muslins ; and for this insignificant say ing,which cannot be even known, and cinch less felt by the consumer, the whole system of ship-building, and with it, of course, this proportion of the carrying trade of Great Britain is to- be transferred to Asia, to the positive diminution of the em ployment of British seamen, ruechaniszs, and others, and the absolute loss to this country of the intrinsic value of every ship not built within it ; for. every ship built in Great Britain being mostly the . produce of the soil and of native industry, adds to the British capital without any deduction for the cost ; whilst every ship built in Asia purchased - by British capital, deducts from the public or national stock, a sum equal to itt-amount. For the present we shall conclude our remarks on this vital question with the following quotation froin the appeal of the unfortunate Shipwrights, Caulkers and others, who, not having the means to employ Counsel to support their case in Parlia ment, have been obliged to resort to a printed -Address on this occasion. " That a measure of - this importance should be attempted to be passed, without adequate qoalificatiosi or restriction favour of the home-interests, in the absence of so many in-' dividuals, whO, as land-owners and otherwise, are so deeply interested in it, is astonishing. It is to be lamented, that • while such generous feeling and sympathy is shewn,_and lusty shewn, for the injured sons of Africa—for. the inhabi tants of Germany and other countries, who have been ruined. by the 'desolations of war, some consideration is not erhiced by time advocates of this Bill, for the thousands of useful and meritorious British Artisans, Mechanics, and Manufacturers, who Will he injured and ruined by it: It surely is not consis tent with sound in a maritimecountry, to drive these inestimably classes of its population out of it from the want of employment. It is not the way to secure cheap ships or cheap repairs, but on the contrary, to use the moral of the fable, to dry up the resources of our strength, and to render it difficult to rear. and maintain those men, to whom, in the hour of peril, the country has hitherto .resorted for assistance and aid, which has always been rendered with promptitude and success. " The Shipwrights, Caulkers, Sawyers, and others, , who have hitherto been employed in .building and'repairing yards on the Thames, but who for many, many months, have been totally destitute Of, and with no prospect of employment, not having the means of employing Counsel in support of their case before Parliament, are obliged to make this simple, but true and honest appeal, to the generosity, sympathy, and jus tice of their country. They are convinced, as must beevcry disinterested and impartial man, indeed it is admitted by its promoters, that if this Bill passes into a Law, not another ship . will be built in Great Britain.. for the India knd China trade : and as no rational person can expect any general building for the merchants' service for. some years, 'until the. transports discharged' from the King's service are; worn out, the industrious individuals making this appeal, must emigrate, as they have no means 'whatever of maintainitt; themselves and families in this country. To 'other trades they cannot with any prospect of success resort, from the competition for employment created by the discharge of men frogs the navy, army, and militia. Under all these circumstances of misery and hardship, with no gleam of hope before them, but driven by despair to other regions, they will be, from dire necessity, obliged to submit to an involuntary banishment Prom 'the highly faroure4 land of their ances tors, to seek from strangers the relief_ they cannot obtain at home. " At a moment like the presept—at the zenith of the glory of the country—when her character stands pre-eminent in the circle of nations for heroism, generosity, and loindness, shaft its splendour hi:neer-shadowed by the ruinous consequences of a measure, the only result of which can be-to enrith a few whilst extensive individual misery will be created by it, and -prolobly at no distant period, serious public disaster. To this glorious character of the nation, the objects of this address have probably in some degree contributed. .‘ It has been emphatically and •truly said, ' That if this Bill passes into a law, it will remove the corner stone of the maritime power of the country.' • Let any man, not preju diced by interest or influenced by power, or swayed by incon siderate attachment to general principles, without recollect ing they require in practice many limitations and restrictions, say, how tins country can again venture upon an extensive naval war, if the large ship-building establishments are suf fered, from the want of building, to moulder to decay and ruin. " The political horizon is at this time calm and serene, but how long it may continue so, the wisest, best, and ablest. cannot tell. Jealousies between States, like the jealousies of individuals, rise into action from the must trivial causes; and when it is known that great difficulties exist in the commer cial arrangements to be made with foreign Powers, the dura tion of the present peace may not perhaps be one-third of the period contemplated by the great personages who made it. " The unfortunate persons interested in this Appeal, hum bly hope it will not be wade in vain, and that some kind and generous heart will become their advocate and friend on this important occasion, and not let it be said, that though for strangers their countrymen can feel themselves itre ncglestei and deserted.--Retherhithe, 4th Jul, 1514.", ANI Cal CAN PAPERS. Is:FM YORK, M. 23. tFroni the Albany Register tit Fridty last. 3 THE BRITISH A6A114 AT 05W1 GO.-7-After a /Jail .of our impression was struck off last evening, we had a conversation with .a gentleman from Onon daga, who left there on Tuesday nioruing, and informed us, that an express arrived the evening before from Oswego, with the disagreeable intel ligence, that 16 boats and other water-craft be longing to the enemy had it their appearance again off Oswego about noon on that day, and that they contained a very formidable British force, which were about landing when the express came away. The bridge between Oswego and the Falls, where our stores were deposited, had been destroyed, and the people were• felling trees in the road to prevent the approach of the enemy towards the. Falls. A lamer from Washington of the 4th instant, mentions, that an - unsuccessful attempt had been made to burn one of the old frigates at the navy yard, in hopes also to burn the new one building near her. The incendiary is supposed to be a Bri tish partizan. NEW YORK, MAy 24. The reports, relative to the British fleet off SE Mary's, have been much exaggerated. Two ves sels of war appeared in sight off Amelia Island, and two, more were said to be a little further in the offing, but nothing like a demonstration to land have been made. A printed proclamation was sent on shore bv.a Spanish pilot-boat, and stuCk . up at Amelia, dated at Bermuda, in which Admiral Cochrane said, that, understanding there were many persons who Were desirous of re moving from the United States to the European or the West India possessions Of his Britannic Majesty, such persons were informed, that, upon giving information where and when. they would embark, vessels would bein readiness to take them on board : and that it should be optional with them to enter the army or navy .of Great Britain, or to settle in any part of her dominions. .The proclamation appeared to be of a general nature, and addressed to the people in all parts of the United States. The ..money found .on board the •Epervier amounts to 118 dollars. About 10,000. .dollars are stated by Captain 'Warrington 'to have been plundered by the crew, after the surrender.' Two of the crew, named SeMon And Murray, have claimed protection, as natives of the - United States,'who had been. impressed and compelled,to serve. (FROM THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCER.) On no like occasion, within our recollection, has a more marked difference of feeling been ex hibited than -on the receipt of authentic informa tion of Paris, the Urbs liomana of Europe, being in possession of the invaders- of France. Con sidering this event as, the precursor of the com plete 'subjugation of France, we see it producing, on the one hand, immoderate exultation generally among the Federalists, and on the - other, some thing like depression on the part of the Republi cans, throughout the.nation. . . We do not consider the capture .of Paris as the signal for. the downfal of the Buonaparteon dynasty, or the destruction of the power of. France, and therefore do not view it in as serious a light as many of our friends. Our New York, Philadel phia, ✓ and, indeed, every city_ of consequence,, was successively occupied by the Lritish forces during the Revolutionary war ; they-overran the Country and traversed it throughout ; but in the end suffered defeat, disaster, •and debasement, by the agreement to a peace, relinquiAing all claim to controul the destinies of the American people. Moscow was occupied by Napoleon, his eagles iluttering on its loftiest spires ; his armies pe netrated into the heart of Ruslia,—but he was expelled, and all his armies defeated and. destroy ed, except such 'as saved themselves by timely and fortunate flight. He merited his fate, though one would have thought it impossible for. huma nity to have rejoiced at its consequences. The good fortune of Napoleon fora time de serted, him, but his courage and military skill yet remain. He may retrieve all by one bold stroke, and entangle his adversaries in foils they them selves have spread. He' is not yet 'conquered. The fate of Prance is not decided. Our impies sions and our wishes, we scruple not to say, favour the expulsion of the Allies from France, their de feat and discomfiture, if they have other views than that of compelling the Emperor of France .to make a peace which shall confine the power of France within her established limits. But, supposing the news to be as conclusive of the fate of Franceas•many appear to think it, we cannot conceive how it is possible for any Ame rican Federalist to rejoice at it. The overthrow of the Napoleon Dynasty May gratify his hatred of the powerful genius who established it on the ruins of the demolished throne of the Bourbons : but it will, at the sane time, overturn an esta blished Government.; and if it do not give rise to the most sanguinary civil war, it,will nit amelio— rate the condition of the French people—unless it is to be improved by exchanging a vigorous and intelligent Sovereign for one of a character di rectly the reverse,. wboSe imbecility would pro voke conquest from abroad, and conspiracy at home. No-change could take place in the Go vernment of France which would not prove prett dicial to the people, or which could long survive the conunotions it would generate. BURLINGTON, VT. MAY 13. ALitam.--The enemy's fleet appeared off this bay yesterday morning. The whole force which has hove in sight, is seven row gallies, four sloops-, and one brig. In . - the'afternoon, the row gallies made a landing on Juniper Island (so . called), about four miles out of the bay. Their object is probablY to pick up our water craft o❑ the lake, and make a visit to . Vergennes. • We understand by a gentleman from Vergennes; Who arrived in town last evening, that Commo dore Macdonough - had sailed to meet the enemy with what foice he had Completed,- which consists of one sloop of war, five sloops, and ten gallies. - The principal part - of the 3 naval and military stores at Oswego had been removed up to Three River Point, and are to be re-conveyed through Oneida Lake to Rutterchun, and thence to . Soc ket's Harbour. 'RE Cli rain .S. preS . dy • prohibited all Freemason Lodges ,i . ., ,r 5 meeting in his states.. Printers and bookselil(-4 Pants, /titAr d.—The King of Sardinia Ilan J: 11 ; arc also prohibited from printing or publi' ' i , e ' any book which has not received the Royal sa 1 tiou. Gaufes of chance are also fo rbidden. CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES. In the sitting of the Chamber of D the sth M. Bouvier, submitted a s eries 1. tl , Resolutions, as the ground wOrk for il law f", r . „,„ observance of the Sunday and other, holiovio; svitich were carried unanithously , ra rtl ' er `tlt' ceedings upon them were interrunted hY li i 01 411 rival of the Minister of the InteriOr• -', after, the Abbe De t 11,...ontesquion and Cour!r;`,4l Blacas were introduced, ordered by the -I ' l i, r ei; present a law upon the Liberty of th e e ecl which was prefaced with an explanatorY 51.)1i5 by M. de Montesquiou, o f which t h e f o llov' i- ,, • pi the substance : a rei e , Gentlemen, eputies,,, tct,; the King charges ine t°_. F . ..,1 1 ; to you the plan of a law relative to. the Pf e ' t i o lo l fulfilment of the Bth Article of the Const'Wt or Charter. The press has rendered such gr e ' ess iti vices to society, it is- become of such 11 ftd b d among civilised nations, th a t it ought 6 11 : ) .101:;•; subjected to rigorous restrictions• 1%.,,bje-‘4,; Gentle Men, is not less interested than l"' 'i t 15 11- , in seeing the revival of these servi° es ,' t a te,q,,,.Y interest to hear the truth, as it is vo" r' i - '''''rf l to him ; but it is truth, friendly to ° °-e i l i . :ste . ‘ l( ), l i ' e l' c l .) t i a )l r e i II e g ( . l wisdom always inspires,` which callo s ',„"hes 1 „' .6 ypatossiodrne4a, dread n o t r i ,p 7 e l s ti s c i l o t i t ta h l e l af t P iousness. ell` lit gi The question is - simple in itself• ' n . e sst ii , is so to consecrate the liberty of th e / 4;0' 4 , to render it useful and durable. 'Dig ' l- :t * c often proclaimed in France during the i' l r, . e ye 4 i i of the revolution, became its own gratesi,a,l,,l The slave of popular opinion, which i, E . - s tor v a time to form, it lent to licentiousness 1 14 i dfte' e ',, and could never supply reason with s i s tdo means of defence. . The causes of this e'' jot'. the effervescence of the popular passi°: s ',lol nation being link accustotned to pub te dece i :i e ,e in the facility with' which a people wer e ;af , 4 and deluded, still incapable of indg i , e ,7. se e ' l writings addressed to theM, anti of h -le e ,1 their Consequences. . 7 C 0 ,7 11 " Have these causes now disappeared •;,, c', / ¢ - flatter ourselves that they will not • tig j. ti ,e l " l. l o into action ? We fear that we cannot ; e of l ,il servitude which succeeded the turbule d r n s , first years of the revolution, has not bet te l o nt u a e us for liberty ; the passions which coo t ' / itl',', J t play themselves dhring that intervai , '''' l °`„o burst forth, fortified by new passie ie t 'vac,'," e e should ,we oppose to their explosion? ; P 'l much inexperience, and more of w ealo cs- ,;tiliq:•.• sonable men, disgusted with the long ` i ,, l a d'„all their efforts ; would keep in the bacl - g r , - 0 1 4 ' . / Ite ther than expose themselves' in a cont es ; er e t ' 4 , - e.' they had so often been the victims; i : t e):',';',A l ' most opposite, ,and sentiments the 1 0 / c olt;,' l tt ii.tca3;cl Aice,-' rated,. would again come into intit';', i , 0 , 0 13 , 1 ,•,)t t; with all that additional violence wi' e "iiel',.:o'', lent bysi he bitterness of recollection"„! 5"".,411 still unenlightened as to their interlw hidol confirmed iii their sentiments, would l l ' t hen' , 0 1 1 ;1' 1 the impulse which might be giVe t' , it , ‘ id whichever might be the victorious P 3 ''''rte 9 ''' soon take exclusive possession o f tl , i : . a ttl t . turn it against its adversaries. c bie' Ll' Such is the nature of that liber t Y'lo v: 7 ;01 1 :,' have been enjoyed in order to knci sv the ' ll .- 0 7/ ) it : givelt all the extent necessary t ° sWO o il; learning how to benefit by it, h',ltc,°o'o it C , some bounds, that it may be save(' `; 1 ctt' excesses." , i ,iaO °' , , With regard to the' principal I" .° ‘.-•-•' I,lo' law, 111. de Montesquiou speaks thtis6 ov letf i v `! It.has:been tong perceived and ac..' is e' i 11‘ that writinc,. i n tit - b ulk, ' ielt it e a ni,; b . smawo icti lat ,b ~ circulate with profusion,. and " it iiitd: c t)r / read v - sith avidity, may inunetliu,"4 ( a rc '''': public tranquillity': repressive 1 01.5 ~,tbar 'IV dent against effects for which the oi. ,,, e lti e e f e haps, Can only be naished when the 1 to b:id already become too . t tner ul Y SCr st 'il' l great, no r • ,e' paired, but even arrested in its pr°;* es i le s o' of this sort are therefore the 00 'Y (Itor)! li c ' l - ~ ,5 , which the laws takes precauti°' d" ''' be I' 0' Everywork • of, ordinary size ty ll Y iii 1 0 c o 1" 'freely ; the King and the Nation' '''' at aor,, thing to fear frbin them ; and if , E , 3 C,' l ll l ` l“ mit any offence, the tribunals_Nrio " -I ti 3i i pi, to him:" 0 time j After explaining the otherports -f VI ,Abbe concluded thu.s :L.-- rea soo' I V, `-` if we lived at a period when , t ill e ,r l ,. trained and tried, had a stronger sw4 -t c i'' tere" i to of the aisions ; when national ro De( 1 , i ~t t ac a y' understood and strongly felt, 113( a lle t , " fr" -ts 5 cause the majority of private intere,, io ger i e v i 1 lie order, strongly consoiidated, n ° di co t i co e' l the attacks of imprudence or follY , be n ot' i d," limited liberty of the press ~,,,,a u ld ~,,,i t ''',a'!' o ' with danger, and would even Plc' s° 101",, i s not oir s ito t i lje r, tages : but our situation our character even, as well as d ' efil ite , i ;ieo: forbids. the establishment of a" ri an3 ot4 t ill" ty. Nature has distributed'her gift! of o .l e .eile c: a'.. among individuals ; the 4liver!!',Yves difie l o ,ob l i tuitions has fortified these primn.i . , ic i c v, ~ill ll we have received for our share a wi re r esr l o o,, lity of imagination," which re ( "l". is n ot e 4 ,; let-us not complain of this; let it ' of a dvkl.' , : c og, neighbouring nation the.enjoVnel Lo d as e,L e ' c at i ,/ of another kind. Ours hare P r° • e t h a l to b e , i l ; t of happiness and glory, wherewlce o f tas t e ie:' , , tent; to them we owe the clt;a a , ! vtll , t hociceo Y ~,, delicacy of 'Manners, which is s es t py , '''' o o n he neglect of decornin, and .which d° • it o t P t 00Ce II t V e 6 to violate it, without falling a 0) 3 " ti' unbridled . licentiousness., ()t hing to I ,t " The King proposes to YP" P . 0 501 0 t n ct . 1 f •?1 bins absolutely a n I. .riot appear to , ..- utious ,. a ..00 r ~ , t safety of the national insth- idol witlybpaii,i .march of Government :' assn- un ite ti'' ' Llt formation and your influence ; ~. e a . 40 , t bose 0 , r Tr ol 4 the interests of liberty as for - ~ , i ts ei! , cif ait,,,, ha_ You will soon see that liberty o• j‘3l .l , v'' , , • t • obt I.' ~cP storms amidst the order waica y fr''' til eurred in m n a i n taining' 1 ting' The plan of tthe law for reg.a o 11