The Sun. — London, England, 1845-11-21 00:00:00

• LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Nov. 20. ASHMORE V. LEES. The appellant in this case claims a vote for the northern division of Nottingham, on account of a share in certain prep . erty in the counties of Nottingham and York. The Revising Barrister was of opinion that the appellant was not entitled to vote. The appellant is an inmate of the Earl of Shrewsbury's Hos pital, and as such receives a weekly stipend of lOs. 6d. per week and certain quantities of clothes, food, and fuel. The stipend, &c., distributed amongst the inmates of the hospital are derived from certain lands belonging to the hospital, in the counties of Nottingham and York. If the amount of stipend, together with the value of the clothes, &c., received, be divided into parts proportionate to the values; of the estates in the two counties from which they are derived, that which the appellant would derive from Nottingham would be sufficient to entitle him to a vote for that county, but a proportion of the stipend only would be insufficient. It was represented, however, that the appellant was not entitled to a fixed stipend of lOs. 6d. per week, as the amount varied with the resources of the hospital and the number of inmates. The inmates were at all times entitled to a stipend of not less than 3s. 6d., but that no one of them bad life interest above that amount, which was rot sufficient to entitle him to a vote. This was one of five objections, but it was upon the above that the Court decided. Their LORDSHIPS were of opinion that the decision of the Revising Barrister was right. The appellant had -no life in terest to any fixed sum above 3s. 6d. per week, and, there fore, was not entitled to vote. KNOWLF.S T. BROOKING. The appellant in this case made an objection to the vote of the respondent, who represented that the notice of objection was incorrect in its form. It appeared that the address of the objector as given id the list of voters was incorrect, but in the not ice of objection the address given was correct. The respondent represented that the address ought to be the same as that on the list of voters ; and, on the part of the appellant, it was contended that the address ought to be the actual address of the objector at the time of making the objection. Their Lordships took time to consider. The Court rose shortly before four o'clock. This being the last day for hearing the appeals, those which have not been entered into will not be heard till next term. CONSISTORY COURT, Nom 20. CATTERALL V. CATTERAT.L. This was originally a suit of nullity of marriage by Mr. Joseph Catterall against Georgiana Ann, his wife, by the name of Sweetman, on the ground that the marriage, which was had in New South Wales in 1535, under an Act passed in that colony in 1834, was invalid, by reason of the non observance of certain forms and regulations prescribed by the Act. The Court rejected the libel pleading that ground of nullity, but permitted the husband , if he t hou g ht fit, to plead that the marriage was null and void by the law ante cedent to the Act and without it. Dr. ADDAMS row, on behalf of Mr. Catterall, declared he would proceed no further in that snit, and moved the Court to allow him to proceed against his wife in a cause of divorce by reason of her adultery, ingrafting this suit upon the former, the wife (who is resident in New South Wales) hav ing appeared by proctor in the suit of nullity. The difficulty in this case was, that in New. South Wales there was no court possesed of ecclesiastical jurisdiction, as in India, which could take cognisance of the case. . Mr. Catterall, who was resident in this country, had endeavoured to obtain a disso lution of the marriage, and a Bill was actually introduced into the House of Lords for that purpose, and was read a first time, when it was discovered that the House of Lords had no authority to examine witnesses in New South Wales, and the Bill in consequence dropped. It was then supposed that the decision of the House of Lords in " Regina r. Alilles" would have the effect of annulling this marriage; but that decision was found not to go the length of pronouncing such marriages not good for all intents and purposes. He now moved the Court that, instead of sending out a fresh citation to. New South Wales, he might be allowed to bring in a libel in a cause of divorce by reason of adnitery. Dr. LUSELIGTON deferred his decision till the next court day. MIDDLESEX SESSIONS. (Before Mr. Sergeant ADAMS, Assistant Judge, and a full bench of Magistrates.) - Elizabeth Weistead was yesterday indicted, charged with having stolen three lace collars, the property of Mary Howes. Mr. Clarkson appeared for the prisoner. The prosecutor, it appeared, keeps a linendraper's and haberdasher's shop in Whitechapel. On Saturday last the prisoner went into it, and asked to have some lace shown to her. A considerable quantity of that material was accordingly brought, from which, after a due examination of its contents, she selected a piece, and at once paid for it. She then re quested to be shown some collars, whereupon a box contain ing a number of those articles was placed before her. After having spent sometime in looking at the contents of the box, she said that there was not one the pattern of which met with her approval. Upon this the shopman turned round to reach another box, which, having obtained, he put on the counter. In looking at those collars which bad previously been submitted to the inspection of the prisoner, he re marked that there were two missing. He nevertheless at the moment thought it the better course not to say a word upon the subject, but waited until she was about to leave the shop, which she was in the act of doing without having made any further purchase. lie thereupon called her back, and without hesitation accused her of having stolen the collars which he had missed. The prisoner, upon hearing the charge, at once took them from under her cloak, saying that she was a'very poor girl, and that distress had driven her to commit the act. A policeman was immediately sent for, and into his custody she was given upon his arrival. Mr. CLARK-sox, on behalf of the prisoner, made a very pOwerfhl appeal, in the course of which he suggested that it was by no means impossible that she had unintentionally taken up these collars with her other parcel ; and then ob served, that, in her alarm at the accusation of theft being made against her, it was not at all unlikely but that she had, as the witness had stated, scarcely knowing what she was about, said that her poverty had induced her to commit the act. 'A number of respectable witnesses were then called, all of whom gave the prisoner the highest character for respect ability, propriety, and correctness of conduct. The Learned JUDGE having summed up the evidence, The jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. Yesterday W. Child, a beadle employed in the neighbour hood of Trinity-square, was summoned before the Lord Mayor for having unlawfully used abusive and insulting language towards James Welch, with intent to provoke a breach of the peace. The complainant, who described himself as a dealer in fish about Billingsgate, said that on the 10th of November, as he was in Queen-street looking at the moyoralty procession, the defendant walked up to him, called him a lazy thieving vagabond, and told him to go about his business. Witness said to Child, " Mind what you are saying of ; don't accuse Me wrongfully," and:Child went away. Yesterday morning, in Billingsgate- market, where witness was about his business, Child watched him all over the market, and in fact was con stantly following and accusing him of being a thief, and did all he could to prevent him from earning bread for his wife and three children. Child had, about seven months ago, pilled him before the Lord Mayor upon a false charge, and he was sentenced to a month's imprisonment, but he solemnly declared that he was completely innocent. The LORD MAYOR—When were you convicted ? Com plainant—.on Whitsun Saturday. The LORD MAYOR—Were you ever in any kind of trouble before ? Complainant—Never in my life, and he always alludes to that when he sees me. Child—What else did I say to you on Lora Mayor's day ? Complainant—Nothing else. Child—Yes I did ; I told you you were in custody before, and if you did not go away I should apprehend you again. Arthur Frazer, a blacklead pencil-maker, residing in Brick lane, said that be was present on the 10th instant when he heard Child call the complainant a skulking thief. The com plainant asked the officer's reason for saying so, but no an swer was returned. W. J. Johnson, a porter in Billingsgate-market, said he was standing at his master's form in the market, when the complainant came up to him, and pointing at Child, there, said, " Isn't it too hard that that man won't let me get a morsel of bread for my wife and children ? I am afraid to go anywhere for fear of his attacking me wrongfully, and accusing me as he did before." Child continued to watch him still. Child said that there were great numbers of thieves about at the time, and as he knew the complainant, and had brought him up in the late mayoralty, when he was con victed, he told him that he must go away, or that he should go to the station-house. He (defendant) did not consider that he exceeded his duty in cautioning the complainant to be gene. W. Collier, policeman 455, was called by' Child as a witness on his behalf. He said, that while standing at the corner of Queen-street, he heard Child say to the complainant, " If you don't go on, I shall take you into custody, forliknow you to be a thief." There were a great number of bad cha racters about. Child—My Lord, there was a regular hustling going on, and several thieves had been taken out of the crowcL I saw the complainant amongst the mob, and, knowing him, I told him my belief. The. Low) MAYOR (to Child)--I wholly 'disapprove of your conduct in calling the man a thief. Taking it for granted that he had been imprisoned for the commission of an offence, he had paid the penalty, and it is inhuman to re proach a person under such circumstances in a manner cal culated to interfere with his chance of becoming better, and getting his bread by honest industry. Let me hear no more complaints of this description. I dare say your fault is to be 4ttributed to over-zeal, but it is particularly censurable in an Officer to hunt out of honest labour those who may have committed errors which they may be sincerely regretting. His Lordship then directed that the expenses of the sum mons should be paid back to the complainant, and desired him to go back to his occupation, in the honest course of Which he should certainly be protected. The observations of the Lord Mayor gave great satisfaction to the hearers. .• GUILDHALL. Henry Habb,jam, a beershop-keeper, near the Elephant and Castle, and Charles Crook, were further examined, charged with stealing seven 51. Bank of England notes, which were lost by or stolen from Miss Byfield, of Canonbury-place, on her way from Messrs. Jones, Loyd, and Co.'s, to Islington, on the Bth of September. Mr. J. Payne, the bairister, attended on behalf of Crook, and Mr. Hobler for Habbijam. Mr. Hubbard conducted the prosecution. Crook had made a voluntary• confession, and Pockman, the City policeman, was now called to state that Crook had made an addition by saying that Ilabbijam told him he bought the notes. _ _ The notes were lost in the forenoon, and Crook having changed one in the evening of the same day at a Mr. Stubbs's, in Lambeth-walk, was taken into custody, and after three or tour examinations he made a confession to the officer ' which led to the apprehension of Habbijam. Crook said he was invited by Habbijam to go with him, and he went with him to Walker's wine-vaults, At the Marsh-gate, where they had some drink, and Ilabbijam changed a Si. note. They then went to the Fountain, Lambeth-walk, and changed another. .Crook signed his name in blue ink on this note. They changed another at the Cock and Bottle, in China-walk, and here the landlord sent out for the change to a corn chandler. Mr. Bean, the landlord of the Fountain. Lambeth-walk, was now called to corroborate this statement. He said when be was questioned by the magistrate before he did not remem ber the circumstance, but he and his wife had talked about it since, and he now recollected changing a 51. note. He did mot see any person with Crook. Henry Thomas Crook, the brother of the prisoner, said he attended his brother's second examination, on the 22d of October, and saw Habbijam in the justice-room, whea he said he would stand in Crook's shoes for a halfpenny. When his brother was apprehended he told him to call on Habbijam and a man named Ridges, in Red Lion-street, Lock's-fields, and tell them he was in custody ; they knew all about the Business, and wo u ld te ll him where Mr. Games, the solicitor, lived. Habbijam said h e was very sorry to hear Charley was in trouble, as h 4 had known him some time, and their wiyea were brought up togetinr, whoa they litw Mr. 1 11 Games, Habbijam said he wanted him to defend Charles Crook. There was something amies about some notes. Mr. Games said he did not know Crook. Habbijam replied, "Oh, yes, you do, we call him 'Nelson," and described his person. As they were returning Habbijam told witness to make him self easy, as he could bring a person who could prove Crook had a horse and cart to sell, tho prisoner having accounted for the possession of the notes by saying he received two in payment for a horse and cart. Mr. Aldirman WOOD saw nothing to change the opinion lie expressed before that the case against Habbijam was very weak. If Crook's confession had been confirmed in the material points, he would have admitted him to give evi dence. Against Crook there was his own confession, and abundant other evidence. He was shown to be in possession of the stolen notes, and it would be for a jury to say whether a guilty knowledge could be inferred from his con duct. By allowing an accomplice to become a witness upon making a confession, insufficiently corroborated, he should allow both the offenders to escape justice. There had been seven examinatiens ; and he thought that, with more zeal and intelligence on the part of the prosecution, a complete case might have been got up; but it now appeared to be hopeless. _ _ Mr. Hubbard justified himself against this censure. The Alderman had no conception of the immense trouble that had bran taken to find any witness acquinted with Habbijam, and able to swear to his handwriting. One witness, who was summoned for to-day, had sold off everything, shut up his honse, and fled. In another instance, where a barman, who changed a note, and was required to attend, his master, who hail not changed it, and could give no evidence, had the effrontery to come instead. He prayed another examination, and for warrants against certain witnesses. Mr. Alderman WOOD said he would willingly grant the warrants and remand the prisoner till Tuesthy, Habbijam continuing at large on his bail, as the case against' him was so slight. , The prisoners were remanded. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. Emanuel Goldsmith was brought up to undergo another examination on the suspicion of having been implicated in a robbery which occurred on Friday night last, at the house of his master, Mr. Russell, jeweller, New Coventry-street. About half-past six on Friday evening last the prisoner informed police-constable Adams, who was on duty in Lei cester-square, that a robbery had been committed at No. 7, New Coventry-street, and that he suspected the thieves were still in the house. The constable went to the house, and, on'gain ing admission into the shop, found that it had been completely stripped of its valuable stock, consisting ofjewellery, antiques, and plate, to the amount of between 6001. and 700/, The robbery had been managed with such address and de liberation, that the plated articles had been left untouched ; and whereon it became necessary to remove the shades and cases under which the valuables were kept, they were carefully replaced in their original position. Information of the robbery was immediately given to Mr. Russell, who had another shop in King-street, and the suspicion fell on the prisoner, who was shopman to Mr. Russell, and whose business it was to sleep at the shop in New Coventry. street. Mr. Russell stated that his grounds for suspicion against the prisoner rested on several circumstances. First, that the doors had been opened without violence, and this could have been done by the prisoner, who was entrusted with the keys of the premises. Next, that the valuable stock only had been taken away, and the common left behind. The pri soner had been been made acquainted by his daughter as to the character of the stock, and therefore was able to make a correct selection. And, lastly, the confused and contradic tory account given by the prisoner of his movements from live to seven o'clock on the evening when the robbery took place. Police-constable Adams was examined, and police-sergeant Langley, of thedetective, also gave evidence, but they did not succeed in making out a case beyond mere suspicion against the prisoner. The opinion of police-sergeant Lang ley was, that the robbery had been either committed by some one engaged on the premises, or by parties who had contrived to make themselves previously well acquainted with the stock. _ _ A solicitor, who attended for the prisoner, put the follow ing questions to the constable : Solicitor—As one of the detective force, you must have bad considerable experience in robberies of this sort. Now are you not aware that thieves always carry with them their own materials for producing a light ? Constable—lt is the usual practice. Solicitor—And do you tot know that thieves are suffi ciently well informed as to the value of property that they can tell silver from plated goods, and real from mock jewels ? Police-constable—ln general they can tell ; and it is possible that the thieves might have looked over the stock before they planned the robbery, under pretence of pur chasing. Solicitor—Now did you ever know a lock that an expert thief could not pick ? Constable—Any thief could have picked the lock of the outer door ; but there was an inner door, and, that I think could not have been picked unless the party had previously taken an impression on wax. Mr. Russell said he believed he should, at a future day, be able to bring evidence of a more conclusive character, and he therefore hoped the Magistrate would remand the prisoner for a few days. The prisoner's solicitor said there was no evidence what ever against his client. He trusted, therefore, the Magistrate would not keep him any. longer in custody. Mr. Russell, with much warmth, asked if a person upon whom so much suspicion rested, who was charged with steal ing property to the amount of 7001. or 800/., was, on the mere declaration of his innocence by his attorney, to be turned loose on the public again? ' The solicitor said, after these observations, he was bound to say that up to the present charge the prisoner had borne an irreproachable character. He trusted, at least, he would be admitted to bail. Mr. HARDWICK declined to accept bail, and remanded the prisoner for a week. WORSHIP-STREET. A middle-aged man, named Thomas Goldsmith, who was stated to be in prosperous circumstances, was brought up for final examination, charged with stealing one peck of coals, the property of a gentleman named Stephens, residing at No. 20, Buccleuch-terrace, Upper Clapton. It appeared from the evidence, that shortly before 7 o'clock on Sunday morning the prisoner was observed by a lad, named Wilson, to be lurking about in front of the prose cutor's residence, with an empty pail in his hand, and after castinc , a cautious glance about him, to observe if he was watched, suddenly clamber over the railings of Mr. Stephens's area, from which he shortly after emerged with the pail filled with coals, and was hurrying off in the direc tion of his own hone, when the boy informed a policeman of what he had witnessed, and the prisoner was pursued and taken into custody. On being searched at the police-station his coat-pockets were also found to be crammed full of coals, and on these being emptied out the officer was surprised to find a quantity of gold and silver, nearly amounting to 21., which it was afterwards ascertained was the prisoner's own money. The constable next. proceeded to search his house in St. John's, Hackney, and on examining a trunk in his bed-room discovered two deposit-books from as many savings'-banks, which contained entries in the prisoner's name in the whole amounting to upwards of 107/. The prosecutor now attended, and expressed a hope, as the prisoner was proved to be in circumstances of comparative affluence, and it was obviously impossible for him to identify the coals as his property, which would most probably cause the prisoner's commitment on the charge, if the Court should adopt that course, to result in an acquittal, that the magis trate would amerce him in some heavy penalty, to be ap priated to the relief of the numerous distressed objects having claims upon the office poor-box. The MAGISTRATE, however, said that he regretted he could not accede to such a benevolent, suggestion, as the offence the prisoner was charged with was not one in which a fine could be inflicted; but, as it was doubtful whether a conviction could be insured if the prisoner were sent for trial at the ses sions, and which course, moreover, would entail a conside rable expense upon the county, he should take upon himself to deal summarily with the case, and order the prisoner to be at once committed to the House of Correction for four teen days, with hard labour, for the offence of being foiled upon the prosecutor's premises with the intention to commit a felony. The prisoner, who was described as a man of remarkable penurious habits, and who evidently preferred the imprison ment to the payment of any penalty, was then removed in the van. LAMBETH. William Shellas and Charles Lopaz, inmates of Lambeth Workhouse, were yesterday charged with creating a riot and disturbance iu that building, and assaulting two constables who had been called in to take them into custody. From the evidence, it appeared that on the preceding even ing, between seven and eight o'clock, a considerable distur bance took place in one of the yards of the workhouse, of which the prisoners were the ringleaders. On the police being sent for, the prisoners made their way to the room in which they slept, and on the constables going there to appre hend them, they, and about 60 other young fellows, paupers, fell upon them and used them very roughly, but after a con siderable conflict, they were secured. The constables spoke to both the prisoners having assaulted them, and they were committed to Brixton for one month each. THAMES. Samuel Branscombe, master of the Countess of Malmsbury, appeared to a summons charging him with having broke bulk of a cargo of coals, on the 21st of October, without paying City dues. Mr. Pearson attended on the part of the City, and Mr. Bal lantine, a barrister, attended for the defence. The case was a curious one. The fact of breaking bulk was admitted; but it was contended that the article upon which the dues were sought to be collected did not come within the operation of the Act, being neither cinders, culm, nor coal. A large square brick-shaped - mass was here placed on the table by Mr. Ballantine, whilst Mr. Pearson produced a smaller piece of the same substance, atd a long discussion ensued, as to whether it was or was not coal. 7 - Mr. Rose, inspector of the City coal-dues, said the article produced was no other than coal reduced to powder, and then by some process of mixture, with drying by heat or other wise, moulded to the present form. Being cross-examined by Mr. Ballantine, the witness ex pressed as his opinion that no heat to which the coal could be subjected would totally disengage the sulphuric acid gas, which formed one of its inherents. Mr. Ballantine said his client had been served with three separate summonses, describing the article in three different ways, a fact which implied a doubt even on the part of those who issued them. When dues of this kind were sought to be exacted, it should be shown affirmatively that the article came within the meaning:of the Act; but, in this instance, persons mix t conversant with coals hesitated to denominate it by that name. Mr. Rose, though not a practical chemist, yet having' great experience as to coals, refused to admit that the sulphuric acid could be wholly evolved from them. Why did he refuse to make the admission? Because he was aware that, if sulphuric acid gas were wholly evolved, the coal, losing one of its elements, would become another sub stance, as one of the ingredients which constituted coal would be absent. It could be shown that the "fuel" (Wyam's patent), though principally composed of coal in the first in stance, was so changed by the process through which it went —had been so changed by abstraction of one of the elements —that it became another substance, to which, if a minera logist chanced to alight on it, he must, to preserve scientific distinctions, assign another designation. From any substance composed of several elements, extract one of the elements, and it is no longer the same substance. Mr. BALLANTINE (the Magistrate) having viewed the mass of "fuel," which looked like a block of blackened granite, and having also examined the lesser piece produced by Mr. Pearson, said that in his opinion the substance was coal, and would present all the phenomena of that body to the mineralogist. Even the chemist, though discovering the ab sence of sulphuric acid gas, which was not one of the pri mary elements of coal, would call it by the same name. Mr. Ballantine—Why, you may as well call it wood. MAGISTRATE—SO I should, if it assumed the appearance and qualities.—(Laughter.) If we are rightly infarmed, coal beds were originally deposit& of wood, but being subject to certain influences, assumed another form. Mr. Ballantine—That is what I contend for. The coal here has undergone a change. The MAGISTRATE — But not to an extent which changes it as a generic substance. It has not been deprived of an pensable ingredient. I casnot consider that substar ice any g iao;a e n b eces tat other than coal. If you have a power of appeal you ‘ : . an a V ac as cid to en t t h a e l s in u g lph ed u i r e i n c t g . , bat Z ll your case, but all the writers on identity ue Am* nu. as,l-loucc)ansreidderoinit IL' SUN, LONDON', PRIDAY _EVENING, NOVEMBER 21, 1845 Mr. Ballantine—Perhaps so, as to the human being, bitt not so as to animals, and much less as to inert matter. If there were a duty on the importation of sheep, but not upon mutton, and that circumstances induced parties to kill sheep at sea, would you, for the duty's sake, on the landing, insist on giving the mutton a misnomer.—(Loud laughter.) If I can show, by scientific men, that this substance is not coal, surely you'll pause to consider. If one of the gases were omitted from our atmosphere, it would net be the same substance. _ Traders, and others, Inhabitants of the Borough of Man chester, in Public Meeting assembled, " Showeth,—That your memorialists have every reason to believe that the produce of the grain harvest, just concluded, is seriously deficient both in quantity and quality, and such as to cause a continuance of high and advancing prices in the staple articles of human food. " That, in addition to this unfavourable circumstance, there leas occurred throughout a large portion of Great Britain, and still more generally in Ireland, a failure in the potato crop, by which the evil of a deficient grain harvest is certain to be greatly aggravated. " That your memorialists have a painful recollection of the manifold calamities with which the country has been visited on former occasions, when, owing to deficient harvests, the pecuniary means of -the labouring population have been ab garbed in the purchase of food ; and they cannot contemplate a continuance of the present high prices, and their probable increase, without the most serious alarm. "That your memorialists entertain the belief that, after past and present experience of the frightful consequences of a system of legislation, by which an industrious and skilful people are prevented from supplying themselves with abun dance of food, no wise statesman will hesitate as to the pro priety and necessity of an immediate abolition of all restric tions upon the importation of foreign grain ; and they are most anxious to impress upon her Majesty's Ministers the importance of an immediate attention to this subject. "Your memorialists desire to express, in the strongest manner, their deliberate and confirmed opinion that the cir cumstances of the ccuntry require that the ports should forth with be opened for the free admission of all kinds of grain; and, further, that her Majesty's Ministers will consult the true interests of all classes in this kingdom by submitting to the Legislature, at the very earliest opportunity, a measure for the entire removal of all laws by which any restriction is placed on the supply of food. "Your memorialists would, in conclusion, respectfully, but most earnestly, remind you how heavy will be your individual responsibility, if you now refuse to act in accordance with those principles the truth of which you have so often ac knowledged, and by the full adoption of which, and by that only, they believe the nation can be preserved from disaster and calamity appalling to contemplate." Although he was there as their representative, he might be allowed to address a few wards to them - as an agriculturist. He had for some time paid much attention to the state of the crops, and he had no hesitation in saying that at least one half the potato crop in the locality in which he resided would not be fit for human food. Now, if that was a fair picture of the general state of the country, what was to become of the population ; more especially the agricultural labourers, who would be compelled to consume the whole of their produce before Christmas and left to starve in the spring? What will be their condition in March next, when they come to sow their crop for the coming year? That was a point not to be overlooked, and he was sure Sir Robert Peel was not asleep on those matters. The question then was, is Sir Robert Peel to be made the tool of a section of the people, to the disad vantage of the millions who are starving? ➢lr. JOSEPH BROTHERTON, M.P., seconded the adoption of the memorial; He said he considered the objects of the meet ing to be good, and the mew taken wise and politic. He would ask, were they asking the Mini,ters for a favour or a right ?—(" Right.") The landowners undertook to feed the people, and they had not done so, and therefore the people must now demand the privilege of feeding themselves. He was of the same opinion as Mr. Walker, he believed Sir Robert Peel could repeal the corn-laws, and he must be made to know that the people demanded it as a right, and were determined to have it. 7 -(Applause.) The memorial was carried with loud cheers, and Messrs. Philips, Brotherton, Kay, and Greg appointed a deputation to present it. Oa the motion of Mr. Robert Gardner, seconded by Mr. White, thanks were voted to the Mayor, and the proceedings terminated about two o'clock. The MAGISTRATE—It would still be an atmosphere, though there would be a difference, as there is between the atmo sphere of this Court and that of Hampstead-heath. Mr. Pearson—lf you think you have a case, pay the dues under protest, and try the question by an action. That has been done in another case, but the action is allowed to stand over. _ . 11Ir. Burnell, of No. 1, Great Winchester-street, who was acquainted with the process since the commencement, thought the coal, as a substance, was completely altered by the process to which it was submitted. The small coals were subjected to the action of a very high temperature, until the volatile sulphurous portion was evolved, then bitumen and a portion of peat were added, which greatly increased the power of combustion. _ _ _ In his cross-examination by Mr. Pearson, Mr. Burnell ad mitted that the bitumen used was coal-tar, and the portion of peat, as compared with the tar, was but as one to a hun dred. He would not swear that all the sulphuric acid gas had been evolved from the " fuel" on the table. John Gnaws, formerly captain of one of the Waterman steam-boats, had a good deal of experience in coaL Ile would not call the substance on the table by that name. He would call it " fuel." There was no sulphurous exhalation from it, and he wished for the sake of the poor that it was in more general use, as they could not then be cheated either in quantity or quality. The MAGISTRATE—WeII, this inquiry seems likely to make an advertisement for it. lam held in some suspense, but if I am called upon to come to an immediate decision, I must express it as my opinion that the article is coal. Mr. Ballantine—We are desirous of your decision, sir, but should like it to remain over for a time, that you may con sider the subject, and that I may produce other evidence. After some further conversation with respect to arrange ment, it was agreed to defer the further hearing until the week after next. THE OREGON QUESTION. (From the New York Journal of Commerce.) We fear our fellow-citizens are not sufficiently aware of the precarious state of our foreign relations. It as well under stood that the Oregon negotiation is making no progress— the claims of the two parties being irreconcileable, and neither being disposed to yield. Meanwhile another session of Congress is approaching, and it is more than prohable that the House of Representatives will vote to give England notice of our wish to terminate the joint occupancy of Oregon at the end of a year, according to the treaty. Neither will it surprise us if the Senate concur. In this case we have little doubt that England will consider the negotiation at an end. Not that she would call in question our right to terminate the joint occupancy by giving the required notice, nor that the giving of such notice would be in itself any ground of offence. It is not the act itself, but the circumstances and implications of it, which would make it offensive. England would construe it as a virtual abandonment of negotiation, and an appeal to the power of the strongest. There is a great deal of senseless declamation about our rights to " the whole of Oregon," and it generally comes from men as ignorant as they are stupid. What do they know about our claims to the whole of Oregon ? Perhaps they have read an article in their country newspaper which told them we had as good a right to Oregon as to Massachusetts ; and perhaps they dreamed it. But we venture to say that not one in a thousand of these noisy declaimers has ex amined the subject, or understands its merits. It is in truth a subject of great difficulty. The evidence, even as far south as the Columbia River, is not all on one side, by a great deal. And when we come to latitude 49, the claim of Eng land is better than cur own. There is no doubt of this; any disinterested man acquainted with the case would say so. And here is another delicate feature of the negotiation. In the first place, we will not concede; and in the next, we refuse a reference. What alternative remains but a total abandonment of the territory by Great Britain, or war? We know of no other alternative. Now we are certain that Great Britain never will abandon the entire territory to us—we mean, up to 54, 40, the Rus sian boundary —come what will. She cannot do it without dishonour. What can have put it into the heads of our negotiators to make such a demand? Have we not again and again offered to adopt latitude 49 ? and long since the question would have been settled on that basis, had not England refused. If we rightly understand the case, she might possibly consent to that boundary now, as far west as the Pacific Ocean, retaining to herself the whole of Van couver's Island, which extends about half a degree below latitude 49. The right of navigating Columbia River would be of no importance to her, if latitude 49 were adopted as the biaundary. If the question can be adjusted on this basis—namely, by extending our present boundary, as fixed by the Ashburton treaty, east of the Rocky Mountains, to the Pacific Ocean, we contend that our Government is guilty of a gross dereliction of duty in not accepting the compromise, and thus putting an end to this last boundary dispute whieh we. can ever have with England. Perhaps we are mistaken in the extent of concession which England is prepared 1 o make by way of com promise; but latitude 49 has been openly advocated by some of the more moderate English papers, including the Examiner, as the proper boundary, and there is every reason to believe that the British Government is disposed to meet us on what it deems liberal terms. Although conscious of her power, England does not want war with any nation—and least of all, perhaps, with the United States, whom she can use to much better advantage by trading with her than by fighting her. England does not want war; but she will have it, and we shall have it, as surely as we undertake to grasp the whole of Oregon, to latitude 54. 40, or above latitude 49. The conviction is strong in England that she " has rights" to Oregon ; and although they are admitted to be imper fect, speaking of Oregon as a whole, yet they are too valid to be wholly abandoned, or to be wrested from her by any other Power. England is the last nation in the world that we ought to desire to measure strength with, especially at a point so re mote from even the frontiers of civilisation, and so accessible to her fleets. Although it may be an unpleasant confession to make, it is nevertheless true, that for many years to come, whatever Power commands the ocean can command Oregon ; or, at least, all the points of it accessible to navigation. A march across the country with an army of any considerable magnitude would be an achievement more difficult to be ac complished than Hannibal's passage of the Alps ; and when they had reached their destination it would be equally diffi cult to maintain them. England, in case of a war about Oregon, or a discontinuance of the joint occupancy, would immediately fortify Cape Disappointment, at the north side of the mouth of Columbia River, and that would be the end of our communication with the Oregon by sea. ;Our pot-valiant heroes do not know what they are talking about, when they propose so summarily to drive John Bull' into the Pacific. We here take it for granted that we could have all our resources at command, and should not require them at home to defend our altars and our hearths. But even this could not be expected. If we have trebled our population, and more than trebled our re sources since the war of 1812, so has England vastly in creased her available strength. She is completely ready for a conflict—with us or any other Power. We are not ready, and never shall be, till the horrors of war at our owu doors compel us to buckle on the harness. We say these things in the hope of cooling the ardour of some of our hot-brained " patriots," who appear (on paper) to desire nothing so much as bloodland carnage. We advise such men to be quiet. They may have a chance to display their valour sooner than they expect it. The state of public opinion is such, especially at the west, that the President and his Cabinet may be tempted to go farther in insisting upon doubtful rights in the case of Oregon, than their own judgment would dictate. There is, however, danger in the other direction. When men form opinions unsustained by proper evidence, they are very apt to part with them when they discover their error. It may be very popular now to make unreasonable demands, and insist upon them ; but will it be so, if it should appear that these unreasonable demands ha v e brought the nation to a position which it cannot maintain, and from which it cannot recede with honour? It is the part of true wisdom to anticipate events, and so to steer the ship of State as to avoid disasters on either hand. 'We feel a great degree of con fidence in the:present Administration, yet we confess we are not without anxiety on the subject of which we are speaking. We wish to see the Oregon question either left where it is, under the belief that time will strengthen our cause, or else brought to a speedy and final adjustment. The territory really in dis pute, i.e., the territory North of Columbia River, west of the north branch of the same, and south of latitude 49, is of little value, consisting chiefly of mountains or barren plains. One month's war expenses, to say nothing of human life, would be too much to give for the whole of it. We have hundreds of millions of acres of better land, 1,000 or 2,000 miles nearer home, which goes abegging for want of occu pants. Much of it is the finest land which man ever set his eyes on, not excepting the Garden of Eden. Now we admit this is no good reason for relinquishing territory clearly our own, but it is a reason against endangering the peace of the country by insisting upon the possession of poor land at the ends of the earth which is not our own, or of which our title is so very doubtful that we dare not submit the question to arbitration. A vast extent of fertile land on our south-western fron tier has just been annexed to us, most of which is un occupied, except by Indians and wild beasts ; and if we want more further off, we can purchase it more cheaply of Mexico than we can knock it out of John Bull's brains. As Mexico has concluded not to fight us, she must come to an understanding with us on the subject of boun daries. Upper California is already in revolt, and she may be willing, for a suitable pecuniary consideration, to set it off to us. fixing her northern boundary at latitude 36, in stead of 42. This would give us the finest harbour on the western coast—viz., San Francisco, and along with it some excellent land. The river Sacramento, which empties into the bay of San Francisco, takes its rise in Oregon—and, in fact, for the best part of Oregon, San Francisco is the natural outlet. If Upper California were ours, we need not care if Columbia River were our northern boundary. We should still have ten degrees of latitude on the Pacific, and a really fine country, instead of mountains, rocks, and bar ren sands. The forthcoming message of the President will be awaited witk special interest, on account of its bearing upon the Oregon dispute. We hope it will be such as to promote pacific results. At a meeting of the Town Council of Manchester, on Wednesday, after the business on the notice paper had been gone through,— Mr. Councillor SHUITLEWORTII asked whether this was not an adjourned quarterly meeting, and if so whether it was not competent for a member of the Council to propose a mo tion of which notice had not been given ? The TOWN CLERK, after a short consultation with the Mayor and ex-Mayor, said although their circular did not state that thisavas an adjourned quarterly meeting as well as special meeting, yet he had read the proceedings of the last meeting at the commencement of the business, by which the quarterly meeting was adjourned to this day, and whether there had been a circular issued or not for special business, the Council would have met to-day by that adjournment, and he conceived therefore that it was competent for Mr. Shuttleworth to move any motion, though notice of it had not been previously given. Mr. Councillor SHIFTTLEWORTH said he would rather not have moved the resolution before him if any other gentleman of whom he saw many more competent, would do so ; but if no one else rose to make such a motion he must,—for he felt it to be a question of duty.—(Hear, hear.) lie moved a resolution calling upon her Majesty's Ministers to open the ports, and declaring that the Council would hold them responsible for the calamities that might result to the country should they neglect to do so.—(Loud applause.) Mr. Councillor PRENTICE said, although he had not pre viously heard the terms of the resolution, he felt bound to second it with all his heart.—(Applause.) He must confess that be, along with a great number of the members of the Council, had been guilty of signing a requisition to the Mayor to call a meeting on this subject to-morrow (Thursday), and not having taken the trouble to read the heading carefully, he had thought that it was to call a meeting of the Town Council ; however, it turned out that it was a requisition to call a public town's meeting. And he was pleased to see that it bore the names of all the aldermen, and nearly all the councillors of the borough. This itself was a pretty strong test of the opini.m held upon the question by that Council. Short as the notice was at which the motion was,brought be fore them, he thought the opportunity a favourable one ; there was no doubt the Minister would be obliged to do something, and as he had himself declared in Parliament that it was the right of every man to buy in the cheapest and sell in the dearest markets, they were only helping him to carry into effect his own opinions. lie understood that on a late occasion, when the Mayor was invited to Tamworth, Sir Robert Peel took every opportunity of showing in his person the respect he paid to the town of Manchester, and if he paid that respect to him (Mr. Watkins) as Mayor of Manchester, it was to be hoped that he would pay the same respect to a memorial from the town of Manchester when it was signed by him as the Mayor of Manchester.-. 4 Hear, and applause.) Mr. Marrnew TOMLINSON supported the motion, and said he was happy to find that it put the responsibility of neg lecting to comply with its object where it was said to rest by a gentleman once a distinguished member of their body—Mr. Alderman Cobden—upon the Ministers.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. Alderman KAY, (late Mayor) Said he did not rise to object to the motion, but he suggested that it would be un wise to affix responsibility where it did not exactly rest. Sir Robert Peel and his colleagues could only open the ports with the sanction of Parliament, and if they were to open them during the recess, they would have to iisk Parliament, upon its assembling, for an Act of indemnity. He suggested that a committee be appointed, who should retire from the Council, and put the resolution into such shape that it would be less objectionable. Ultimately, upon this suggestion, Mr. Alderman Neild, Mr. Alderman Kay, Mr. Shuttleworth , Mr. Prentice, and Mr. A. Heywood, were appointed a committee to retire, and after an absence of about ten minutes they returned with Mr. ShuttleViorth'e resolution slightly altered, and put in the form of a memorial to Zit* Robert Peel. Mr. SnirrnEwonvil said he thought at the time that he and Mr. Alderman Kay were agreed on this subject, though they expressed themselves different l y and misunderstood each other. Mr. Alderman Kay meant legal responsibility, and he (Mr. Shuttleworth) moral responsibility. He had great pleasure in moving the niailiorial, and that it be signed by the Mayor on behalf of the Town Counell, and that the com mon seal of the Corporation be attached td it, and that it be presented to Sir Robert Peel.--(Applause.) He felt that after the sentiments he had expressed, Sir Robert Peel must only be acting in aceordence with his own wishes and con victions in acceding to the prayer of their memorial, for though closely connected with the itbidlords, he had as clear a perception of our commercial interests as 017 of them, and he (Mr. Shuttleworth) had no doubt that he was preparing— if not in the ordinary sense of the term, in one sfe: h might be readily understood—to " turn another sod "—(Heai; hea r , and laughter)—and to enable them still to occupy that posi tion in the country which they ought and must occupy. Mr. Alderman KAY said he could not but look at the course likely to be taken in the present emergency with singular apprehension ; for though, on looking over the files of the newspapers for the last six months, he found that though Lord Stanley had abstained from alluding to the state of the harvest, yet the Duke of Rutland (who was one of that class who thought it right to enjoy the revenue from their estates, without reference to the comforts of other classes), stated at an agricultural meeting that the results of the harvest had been satisfactory.—(Hear, hear.) Now he (Mr. Alder man Kay) thought that the Duke must have been sadly misinformed, for in less than a fortnight after that statement was followed by a report stating that the harvest in Ireland was awfully deficient, and that the potato murrain was almost universal.—( Hear, hear, and applause.) He trusted that this memorial, backed by the others which were flowing in from all parts of the country, would have the effect sought, and with that hope he cordially seconded it. After a few words from Mr. Tomlinson, the motion was agreed to unanimously, and the Council separated. DISCOVERY OF AN ILLICIT STILL AT BRIGHTON. On Wednesday an elderly man, named George Blgnall, Was examined before Major Willard, the sitting magistrate of the day, on a charge of being concerned in Illicit distillation. The charge was preferred by Lieut. Pratt, of the coast-guard, and Mr. Newton, the supervisor of excise. According to the evidence, Lieut. Pratt and several of the coast guardsmen proceeded on Tuesday to a house in Gorringe's-court, North lane, where they found a still of about 40 gallons at work, the prisoner attending it. A bucket was placed beneath the worm to receive the droppings of the still, which on Heiiig tasted proved to be a weak kind of spirit. A Mlle-gallon cask stood near, containing fbur or five gainns of the same kind of liquid. On the premises were lbund four large casks, one sunk in the ground, and all full of wash, some in a state of fermentation, the quantity being nearly 300 gallons. The liquid found in the bucket and small cask was handed over to the supervisor, who, on testing it, found it to be a Spiriti 70.6 under proof, which was called, in the technical language of the Excise, wines." It was explaintti to be the pro duct of the first distillation, and which was liable to duty, but not chargeable till the completion of the distillation. The windows of the house were boarded up, and a screen was placed inside the door so that nothing was visible outside. The statement of the prisoner was, that the liquid was used only in the process of " bone bleaching ;" and an attempt was made to show this in defence, Mr. Bennett, solicitor, being engaged for this purpose. After a lengthened investigation, however, Major Willard c o ns id ere d th e case to be proved urAler the 7th and Bth George IV., c. 53, s. 33, which inflicts a penalty of 30/. on any person found in a private or unen tered room, manufacturing articles liable to excise duty. The prisoner was consequently fined in that amount; and not being able to pay, was committed to the House of Correction to hard labour for three months The Oregon is the name. given to. a steam-boat re cently launched at New York, which is ten feet longer than the Great Britain. She is about to be placed On the New Tork Alad Frffidciace atatim ter. The house in Konigsberg, hearing of the great pro bability that the duty would be taken off in England, wrote again a few days afterwards, in great haste, expressing their hope the corn had not been sold, and desiring the factor to put 10s. a quarter upon it. This circumstance alone proved that if the duty were taken off, the difference would not go to benefit the consumer in England, but to enrich the foreign merchant. The very agitation of the question was produc tive of a great deal of needless alarm in the country. But it was said the opening of the ports would be the means of get ting the corn-laws done away entirely. He was against doing them away entirely ' • and he thought such a measure would be perfectly ruinous to the agricultural interest of the country. The country had never been without a corn-law of one kind or other. and the great principle sought to be established was, that the duty should vary inversely as the price of grain, which principle had never been so effectually carried out as under the existing law. Mr. Armstrong sup ported these views at some length, and concluded by declar ing his intention to oppose the motion. Mr. S LOWERY, an 'extensive ship owner and timber mer chant, supported the motion, considering that wheat should be put upon the same footing as flax, hemp, and other arti cles of importation, and then, when our ships went out to foreign places, they could bring a return cargo of grain, if it suited them, with Out reference to the duty. In many parts grain was the only article the foreign merchant bad to offer, and when the ship was prevented bringing that by the high duty, she had to return empty, which was a serious inconve nience and loss to the shipowner, as well as to the general merchant. The abolition of the corn-laws would place the trade upon a certain footing, now it was entirely of a specu lative character; and what was the cause of the present higfi prices? There was plenty of grain in the country, but the holders of it were waiting till the duty got down, as they ex pected it would, to a shilling, when they would bring it into the market in the hope of making more money than they could by selling it at present. He approved of the resolution, and trusted the Chamber would adopt it. Mr. C. RAYNE having recently discussed the subject at some length in the Council, did not think it requisite to go into any elaborate details on the present occasion. The early history of the corn-laws, to which reference had been made by Mr. Armstrong, clearly showed that the object the promoters of them had in view was to make the price of corn dear in this country, so as to enhance the value of the land, and hence, at one period, a bounty was paid on exportation, which was subsequently altered, as population and the de mand for food increased, to a duty on importation, the effect of both measures being the same—that of affording protec- Coe, as it was termed, to native agriculture. The reason of there being but little agitation against the corn-laws at the periods referred to by Mr. Armstrong, was obvious. The price of corn was so high that those laws became inoperative. But when the pivot point was higher than it was at present, the fluctuations were more violent, which showed that the lower the pivot point was fixed, the more regular would the price become, and if the duty were abolished altogether, still greater steadiness would be the result. Mr.Rayne, after illustrating these points, concluded by declaring his determi nation to support the motion. The CHAIRMAN then put the motion to the meeting, when it was carried on a show of hands, only three being held up against it. Mr. N. HINDHAUGH, who did rot vote on either side, said he was not a friend to the sliding scale, but be could not join in the propriety of admitting foreign corn free of duty at the present moment. The memorial was then signed by the Chairman on behalf of the Chamber. _ _ _ _ _ A requisition is in course of signature in the borough of Gateshead to the 111ayor, requesting him to convene a public meeting of the inhabitants to take the subject into considera tion, with a view to memorializing the Privy Council in fa vour of the opening of the ports. POOR.LAW CHARITY and PRISON CHARITY. A poor Irish woman named Fox, who had supported her family decently for twelve years by keeping a stall in the street at Holborn-bars, was run over by a cab in September last, an accident by which her leg was broken. Being thus suddenly deprived of the power of earning a livelihood, she made her case known to the authorities of the union, and was visited, as a matter of course, by the surgeon and the relieving officer. The medical gentleman, she declares, per formed his professional duties to the end most humanely, as well as skilfully; but the relieving officer told her that her case was an infirmary case, and that unless she consented to take up her abode in the workhouse he could do nothing for her. She infomied him that she would willingly do as he suggested if he would be so good as to assist, in the mean while, in preserving her furniture and the few articles she used in her business, and she assured him that, without some aid of the kind, she and her family must be thrown destitute upon the street upon her recovery. To this appeal the re lieving officer turned a deaf ear. He would have nothing to do with her goods, and, handing her the sum of eighteenpence, desired her not to apply to the authorities again, as not a farthing more would be forthcoming Not supposing it pos sible that the parochial liberality would be so cramped in a case of such extremity, the patient applied a second time for a modicum of aid, and sent her son to plead the cause of the family, but he returned empty-handed, and so well bullied, that he was afraid, notwithstanding the deplorable condition of his parent, to make another experiment upon the justice or humanity, or whatever else it is called, of the party in power. Furthermore, when she recovered sufficiently to be able to resume her former avocation, she made a last appeal to the union for assistance in furnishing her stall, the con tents of which had been disposed of in her necessity; but the answer had gone forth—she was to have nothing, and thus the mother of a family, with a fractured limb, which confined her to her bed for a period of about six weeks, was got rid of at the small price of eighteenpence. So much for poor-law charity ! We turn with pleasure to the other side of the picture, to which what we have stated presents a disgusting contrast:— At the time the accident occurred to the mother, the daughter had been committed to Bridewell Hospital for a misdemeanour, in which (as it afterwards appeared) she be came very innocently involved. The former wrote to the latter some time aftewards, describing in a very feeling man ner the distress to which she was reduced by the refusal of the union to give her any relief unless upon the condition of a sacrifice of all those necessaries in which her future comfort depended, and, above all, deploring the want of her daughter's help at such a time to dress her wound, and administer to her other necessities. This letter underwent, according to the arrangements of the prison, the inspection of the Governor of the prison (Captain Kincaid), and the melancholy tale, which failed to awaken either the sympathies or the conside ration of the poor-law authorities, immediately found both in him ; for it appears that, without the slightest delay, he sent to ascertain the truth of the statement, and, having ascer tained it, he represented the case to the committing magis trate, obtained the daughter's discharge, and sent her home to attend upon her mother, provided with the means of ade quately administering to her wants. Upon more strict in quiry, Captain Kincaid found the case to be one of real charity, aad he continued to give personally, or to send, relief to the family every week down to the day when she was enabled to go to her stall, which, her benefactor knowing that the parochial authorities had thrown up the case of misery with contempt, supplied her with the means of fur nishing, and there she now sits daily, within ten yards of the corner of Gray's Inn-lane, by the side of a lamp-post, called Holborn-bar. The case thus simply detailed is one in which individual charity ought not to have been taxed. It is impossible not to see that the humane part taken by Captain Kincaid on this occasion was precisely that which ought to have been taken by the authorities of the union, both in the nature and the extent of the relief, and people cannot therefore understandwhat the hearts of those worthies can be made of, seeing that, indivi dually, it would have cost them nothing to try, for once, the experiment of humanity; but Alderman Farebrother, who speaks out upon occasions on which the defects of the heart are conspicuous more frequently than most of his brethren, said, with striking truth some time ago, that the great ob ject of the unions seemed to be not the relief of the poor, but how to relieve the parishes of the poor. Had the poor crea ture who thus, by a providential accident, fell into the hands of the benevolent Governor of Bridewell, accepted the relief which the relieving officer offered, she and her whole family would, in all probability, have become paupers for life. She refused the boon, and may never be again in a condition to require the generous contribution of the authorities. OPENING OF THE PORTS. MANCHESTER, THURSDAY.—This morning, at 11 o'clock, a very numerous meeting of the merchants, bankers, manufac turers, tradesmen, and other inhabitants of the borough of Manchester, was held in the large room of the Town-hall, King-street, "for the purpose of taking into consideration the propriety of memorialising her Majesty's Government in fa vour of opening the ports for the free admission of grain and all other kinds of provisions, to avert the calamity likely to arise from the scarcity of food, owing to the failure of the po tato crop and the defective quality of the wheat harvest.' The meeting was convened by the Mayor, on the requisition of upwards of 800 firms and individuals of station in the town. Mr. W. B. Watkins, Mayor, presided, and on the platform we observed Mr. Phillips, M.P. ' Mr. Brotherton, M.P. Messrs. Aldermen W. Nield, C. J. S. Walker, James Kershaw, John Mason, J. Shuttlewortle P. F. Willert, A. Kay, E. Armitage, and John Burd ; also Messrs. G. Wilson, T. Bazley, Presi dent of the Chamber of Commerce; Absalom Watkin, J. B. AI Smith, James 'Laren, Sidney Potter, Benjamin Pearson, W. Bickham, W. Woodcock, Robert Gardner, J. Chadwick, J. Watts, Rev. W. M‘Kerrow, W. Gasket!, Joseph Greave, Thomas Woolley, Samuel Lees , J. S. Grafton, Joseph Simp son, T. H. Williams, W. Morris, Thomas Hardbottle, and others. The 'Myron said, that independent of the object of the meeting, the respectability of the requisition would have warranted him in calling such a meeting. They were met to memorialise her Majesty's Government, and he hoped the business would be transacted not only with good temper, but with great spirit, and if there were any gentlemen present who differed as to the objects of the meeting, he hoped they would have a fair hearing. He would, without further comment, call on Mr. R. H. Greg to move the first resolu tion. • Mr. GREG then came forward, and observed, that if he had been asked to sign such a requisition a month ago he would not have consented to do so ; but now that so alarming a necessity had presented itself he did not hesitate to ask for the opening of the ports. It was well known that there was a failure of the wheat crop, and that the weather for gathering it in was another source of scarcity. He had been in Scotland last week, and in some of the most fnrward districts the wheat crop had not been gathered. He regretted the further cala mity which arose from the failure of the potato crops, a de scription of sustenance which formed a large portion of the food of the people of Ireland, Scotland, and the north of Eng land. When the extent of that disease became known, the cry was raised " Open the ports," and that cry was re- echoed by the press without regard to politics. Four Cabinet Councils had been held, and he did not hesitate to say that nine-tenths of the population were ready to see the result of those meet ings in the opening of the ports; but from some cause which he could not explain, no order was issued for the admission of foreign grain. Some people said that the sudden opening of the ports would have the effect of advancing the price of corn in other markets, but this he believed to be a fallacy. He was decidedly of opinion that the sliding-scale was one of the greatest curses that ever afflicted this country. He concluded by moving the following resolution :—" 'That the deficiency of the harvest and the failure of the potato crop in many parts of the United Kingdom have produced the utmost ap prehension among all classes of the community, and are cir cumstances imperatively requiring the immediate considera tion of her Majesty's Government." Mr. J. HEYWOOD, in seconding the resolution, said that the cultivation of the potato crop was one of the causes of keeping on the corn-laws. As the price of grain advanced the cultivation of the potato root progressed, and it was a curious fact that 'a disease in that root should now come to facilitate the repeal of the corn-laws. In England the disease might not be so great, but in Scotland it eN as severely felt. In Lanarkshire meetings had been held, at which statements were made from which it appeared that at least one-half of the crop was diseased. In Ireland the suffering created by the disease was greater than in any other part of the king dom, owing to the fact that potatoes were the staple food of the people of that country. After a few remarks on the dis puted territory in America, he concluded by seconding the resolution, which was put and carried unanimously. Mr. Alderman KAY moved the next resolution. He had no desire to be considered an alarmist, but when he saw the present, -and contemplated the future state of this vast dis trict, he could not help urging the people of Manchester to devise means to avert a calamity which must inevitably ensue. If the ports be not opened, or some other measure adopted, famine and great distress, he was sure, would over take the inhabitants of the manufacturing districts. He then took a review of the difference of the prices cf 'food, and con tended that, when food was cheap manufactures were prosperous. They (the people of Manchester) were met for the purpose of demanding from Her Majesty's Ministers the opening of the ports, and he hoped every district in the kingdom would make the same demand in terms not to be misunderstood. He was no party man; the time was come when all names in politics should be forgotten, and the Ministers told that the people were not to be allowed to starve for the protection of sectional interests.—The worthy Alderman then read lengthy extracts from a work entitled Manchester in 1844. We copy a few of the ex tracts :—" In Manchester, in March, 1844, there were 116 factories and other mills which had ceased working; 681 shops and offices had been closed, and 5,492 houses were un occupied. The value of mill buildings and machinery had lessened fully one-half ' • and five spinning mills, estimated at 211,0001., only found buyers at the sum of 66,000/. The butchers, grocers, and linendrapers declared that their daily sales had decreased 40 per cent. A committee of relief, formed for the distribution of clothing and bedding to the poor, visited, in the course of the year 1840, 10,000 families, containing 45,591 individuals, of whom 2,000 could not be relieved for want of funds. The rooms and cellars occupied by these unfortunate beings were entirely destitute of furniture. Bricks and logs of wood were the substitutes for tables and chairs. Heaps ofshavings, litters of straw, defiled with all sorts of impurities, served them for beds. Frequently several families occupied different corners of the same chamber, and there was no separation of the sexes, save the distance between the beds of straw. It was found that a certain portion of the town, consisting of No. 1 and part of No. 2 districts, con tained 2,000 families, numbering 8,866 persons, earning on the average Is. 21d. only per head per week, being at the rate of ss. 30. only per week fur each family. The number of pawn-tickets possessed by these families was 22,417, and not 27,417 ; and, upon the articles thus Owned, the amount of 52,780/. 14s. 4d. had been advancd." " In Bolton, a town of 50,008 souls, 50 manufacturers em ployed ordinarily 8,124 workmen ; in 1842, 30 of these esta blishments were closed, or did not work more than four days per week, and 5,061 hands were thus deprived wholly or in part of the means of subsistence. Of 2,110 ironfounders and mechanics, 785 had been thrown out of work, and the re mainder, viz., 1,325 of these men, who in 1836 bad been urged to make nine to twelve working days out of each week, were reduced to four or five days per week. The other trades had suffered the same reduction. In short, if to the de creased wages of the working classes, we add the augmented price of provisions—the loss to these operatives must have been at least 320,5601. per annum, or upwards of 1,0001. per day. Public charity is powerless against such calamities as these." Stockport and other manufacturing towns were in the same condition. He concluded by moving the following resolution :—" That the recollection of the calamities which afflicted this district and the whole country during the period of high prices of food, from 1838 to 1842, renders it impos sible to contemplate the recurrence of a similar state of suf fering without intense anxiety and alarm." Mr. Alderman WALKER seconded the resolution, and ob served that no time should be lost ; they had waited seven years and nothing had been done. Sir. Robert Peel had not grappled with any of the great questions which were neces sary for the improvement of the condition of the poor ; he had conceded the whole question of the corn-laws, and he was well aware of the injustice of the sliding- scale. It had been said that he would repeal the corn-laws if he could, but he (Alderman Walker) believed he could repeal them if he would. He had not forgotten the advice which Sir R. Peel had given to Lord John Russell ; he told him if he could not carry his measures he ought to resign. Now, he (Alder man Walker) would suggest to the Minister to apply that advice to himself, and if his colleagues stood in the way of the repeal of the corn-laws, let him appeal to the country, and see if the constituencies of England would not return to Parliament such Members as would support him in this glo rious undertaking. He concluded by seconding the resolution. Mr. Alderman NIELD, in supporting the resolution, said, he respectfully submitted that the sliding, scale should slide away, and never again be heard of in England. It was well known that the protection afforded by that law had done more to prevent the cultivation of the soil than any other circumstance. In Lancashire, Cheshire, and many other counties, the land was in a state of almost original nature, which never could have been the case had it not been for the protection of the sliding-scale. He concluded by calling on Sir Robert Peel to comply with the prayer of that meeting, in which he would be supported by the great majority of the people. Mr. A. WATitnes moved the third resolution, in a speech of some length, in the course of which he stated, that Sir Robert Peel had been bound down by the owners of the soil, and it did appear to him one of the most extraordi nary cases of aberration of a noble mind. He could not conceive why he allowed himself to be thus bound down, knowing as he did that these very men hated him. He moved—" That the immediate opening of the ports for the free admission of •food, and the repeal, without delay, of every law which restricts its importation, are measures ob viously required to prevent a serious revulsion in trade, and consequent grievous suffering to the whole of our industrious population. Mr. B. PEARSON seconded the resolution, and contended that the people had let themselves too low in asking for a repeal of the corn-laws alone ; they ought to demand a bounty on all corn imported into England for the next thirty years as a compensation for the injury they had sus tained since the imposition of the corn-laws. Whilst they were demanding a repeal of these laws they must take care they do not split on the rock of a fixed duty, which would, in his opinion, be more injurious than the present law, be cause it would delay their ultimate repeal. He regretted that the Government had taught the people, that however good their cause was, it could only be obtained by clamour, and therefore he urged the people to demand an immediate and total repeal of the corn-laws.—(Cheers.) he with of acclamation. Commerce, Tmhre. T. resolution ßAz Lmy w , a p s re t e h t d e e n h p t u e t fh and te moved the next resolution That this meeting, therefore, respectfully, but most earnestly, calls upon her Majesty's Ministers to suspend immediately the operati on of the Corn e C arr ha i c in d Bill, and to Submit to the Legislature, at an early day, a measure for the entire abolition of all laws which restrict the free supply of food," With cheap food they had seen pros perity in trade and manufactures, and with dear food a revul sion of that prosperity) and therefore he urged them to de» mend the opening of the ports, and having procured that object cafe should be taken never again to allow them to be closed. The manufactures of England had scarcely recovered from a depression of many years, when, by a failure of the crops and consequent dearness of food, they were again to be plunged Into the same date. With cheap food and pros» perity of trade the wages of the workmen bad been advanced , but with the prospect of bad trade and dear food before them, a reduction of those wageS must folio*. Mr. Alderreati ittasitaw seconded the motion, and de» claied that he would not have seconded the resolution had it hot contained a demand for a total repeal of the eorn-laws. He bad not the nerve to eoriterhplate the pending Ode without serious alarm. What has already been the conse quences f The state of the money market had been seri ously affected, :and the price of manufactures had declined within the last two months at least 10 pet ant. He felt that in calling dn the doveintrietit to d•sdn the ports be was attilhaittg a measure of humanity, and where were they to look for such succour but from the paternal government of the country. He did not wish to exaggerate the State of the country, but he could net help eallin? the attention of the meeting to the ztwrul kale of the country, more especially the manufacturing districts, a few years ago, when its trade I was interfered with by the operation of the corn-laws. He lie n theth e m ett e rs rel of ree h p e e r e lV ei l h a i l l es ity t e u r r s, e s a t n e d te o e n f t t h h e e m ee w un ou try ld hoped the voice of every town in the kingdom would ri ng s of the n f i u s t t if they refusel to listen to the prayers of the people. Mr. MARK PHILIPS, M.P., moved the adoption of a me morial to Sir R. Peel, and observed that the country had ar rived at a most important crisis. He concurred with every opinion :which had that day been expressed respecting the pending scarcity of food, and could not help contemplating with alarm the fearful result that may ensue if something was not immediately done, to avert the forthcoming evils.. He then read the following memorial : " TO TIIE RIGHT EON: SIR ROBERT PEEL, BART., M.P., FIRST LORD OF THE TREASURY. The Memorial 0 the Nerchinti) Bauters, Ma gloturel; maim NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE. A special general meeting of the Chamber of Commerce was held on Wednesday in the Council-room at the Guild hall, to consider the propriety of addressing her Majesty's Ministers on the subject of the corn-laws. Mr. WlLsox, alderman of the borough of Gateshead, and a member of the well-known firm of Losh, Wilson, and Bell, having been called upon to preside, in the absence of the Pre sident of the Chamber, briefly opened the business. Mr. POLLARD, an extensive corn merchant, rose and said, it was not his intention to offer any remarks upon the sub ject, but simply to propose a memorial which he had pre pared, and which he trusted woukt be adopted by the meet ing. The object of its prayer was, that the ports of the United Kingdom might be opened for the free introduction of foreign corn. The memorial was read by the Secretary as follows : " TO TILE RIGHT HON. SIR ROBERT PEEL, BART., FIRST LORD OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASURY. " The Memorial of the Chamber of Commerce of Newcastle upon-Tyne, at a special general meeting, convened for that purpose " Showeth,—That your memorialists, believing that the corn harvest in the United Kingdoni has been defective, and that the potato crop, particularly in Ireland, a failure, hasten to entreat that you will be pleased to advise her Majesty in Council to give an immediate sanction to the admission, duty free, of foreign grain into all the ports of Great Britain and Ireland, as the readiest means that can be adopted for not only preventing the discomfort, but promoting the prospe rity, and thereby securing the contentment, of the people. " - And your memorialists will ever pr a y , &c." Mr, W. 13itocKgrr, alderman of the borough of Gates head, seconded the adoption of the memorial. AttnisnioxG, an extensive corn-merchant, and a mem ber of tile Ne*gastle Town Council, said if the motion had been for a petition to Parliament for a revision or molifica- Hon of the existing corn-laws, he should have been perfectly ready to have glyen it his support, but it did a pp ear to him that not the slightest ground existed for the extreme mea sure which had been proposed. What was the condition or the country, which must be well known to . Mr. Pollard as a corn-men:WO Ile recollected that in le t s h s e a )i t e a af 1800. in this same month, when there was • - -Amission of foreign corn than tion in the country about ttl. U ' .oneared by an at present, the price of wheat at Lynn, . a old circular which he held lii his hand, was t 0... quartet, atld tye etis,lL duartef, ar iiihre thali double the price it was at present. No alatni ihilsttd then pi r€spect to a scarcity of food. In 1812 the average pried 6f the whole year of wheat was 1225„ and still there was no alarm about dearth or famine. Why, then, should such apprehen eions be entertained now ? He had stated in the council the ether day, when this subject was tinder diseussion, that if the duty were taken off, it would be compensated by the additiolial price that would have to be paid to the turc.:glier, and since then a circumstance had occurred, which proved beyond all doubt the accuracy of that position. A house in Konigsberg had written to a cornfactor here, desiring him to atii 100 lOU of Wing; fro 9rl bard there ; At 596, g gum _ Z~wi .__. ~.. ... _~Js~s ~. DUTCH MAIL. Txr. HAGUE, Nov. 17.—1 n our number of the nth October we pulished accousis from Surinam of the 2d of sep - :!maber, respecting the sickness prevailing among the Europeat; colonists. Accounts to the 11th of that month have now been . received by the Colonial Department, which state that the nUmus..7 of the sick was happily diminished. :It of Groningen, and few at the There were none at the pu number of those who had establishment of Voorzorf. Th.; died was 141. Great exertions we. making to get the houses at Groningen ready to receive the families from Voorzorf. A letter from Odessa of 24th October, says,—,, T rai Le is very brisk here, especially in corn, in consequence of the accouTts received from England and the northern ports. A great number of ships is in the harbour to take in cargoes of corn, chiefly for England, Belgium, and ports in the Mediterranean. The prices of wheat are kept high by the holders. Polish wheat, of the best quality, fetches from 22 to 28 roubles (aseignats); good, 18 to 21 per chetivert. Maize and rye are scarce, and fetch 11 to 12 roubles ; barley 9 to 9%; oats 8 to 9. Green peas are scarce, and in great request for Ant werp; the price is 17 to 18 roubles. Tug HAGUE ' Nov. 17.—This day being the thirty-second anniversary of the restoration of the independence of the Netherlands, was fixed for uncovering the equestrian statue of his Majesty the King, in honour of the founder of our liberty. The festive appearance, the numerous flags dis• played on the public buildings and the private houses, showed the interest the inhabitants took in the patriotic ceremony ; and when, amidst the thunder of the artillery, and the music of the national anthem, the covering was removed, and his Majesty, with the Princes, at the head of the militia and the troops of the garrison, passed round the statue to pay military' honours, the countless number who had assembled, notwithstanding the unfavourable state of the weather, rent the air with their acclamations; thus expressing their at tachment and respect to the King and the Royal Family, and their veneration for the memory of William of Orange, his Majesty's august ancestor. During the ceremony, and at the moment the statue was uncovered, the Count de Niewerkerke, the author of this fine work, had the honour to be complimented by his Ma jesty and all the Princes on the merit of this admirable composition. This morning his Majesty sent to Count de Niewerkerke the Cross of Commander of the Oaken Crown, and Knight of the same order. BERLIN, Nov. 13.—A new law' respecting railways is shortly expected, by which it is to be enacted that, hence forth, no director of a railroad shall make further calls till ' they have proved to the Government Commissioner that the money already paid has been properly applied. Their Royal Highnesses the Hereditary Prince and Prin cess of Orange are going to Stuttgard, to be present at the marriage of the Princess Catherine of Wirtemburg to Prince ' Louis of Wirtemburg. HAMBUEGH BOESENHALLE, Nov. 15. Bills. Money. 4.ustrian 5 per Cents .• ••••••• • • • • • .• Bank Shares ••••••••••• • .. • • • . .. . • 1620 Anglo-Russian Loan .• -•• • • • IO B I,E Russian 5 per Cent., Hamb. Certificate 103 103 Ditto Ist series Inscription...... • lO4 103 Ditto, Hope and Co., 3d and 4th series 97 Ditto, in Certificate ••••••• • • • .. • ..• • • 97 New 4 per Cent., Hope and Co. ••• . 913 Ditto Stieglitz • • • •• . . 9O Spanish New 5 per Cent• • • • • • • • 2134 211 2 Ditto 3 per Cent • ..•• • • 32 Anglo-Portuguese Loan, 2% per Cent.• Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent • .• Ditto 3 per Cent. .. Polish New 4 per Cent. Loan, 1844.. •• 83 Anglo-Danish Loan, 3 per Cent •• • National Bank Shares •••••••• • • • • • • • • '• Exchange ou London. '' ,, nburgh, Nov. 14. •••••• • • • • • • j„_ . "V FUNDS.—litatutr, Nov. 15. PRUSSIA... Bills. Mo 97 ney S . St. Schuld Sch., 3% pet Cem, • "- ,, t.• Pruss. English Bonds, 1830, 4 pet L..— 6 2.t.4 6 24% Exchange on London, 2 months.• •• •• •• - —Universal Prussian Gazette. Nov. 16. The Btussels journals of Saturday state, that al though the markets in Belgium have, hi general, been well supplied during the last week, th e . p rices of prorieions of elery kind are an the blatant. cyS; E MONY MARKET and CITY 0, CITY, THURSDAY EYE.,d, HERALD.—The Directors of the Bank of E net(' gaffe no further notice of a change in the rate of discoturlntelple th a t usual weekly meeting to-day. The practical P to te' tic Bank is acting upon is, except in special casek . be f o rg the their discounts to paper arrivine - at maturity on r oisithio the Bth of January, and loans made are generally far fron t same limit as to time. In the meanwhile there very for 0 1-Y,. being a scarci'y of money in the market, general repugnance amongst the bankers to y to lengthened period. Money is to be had in abund.annpoet, discount houses, returnable on call, at the rate 0 . 0 5 per Ceu'" per annum, whilst long-dated paper has been 1 0 . 1 net stances refused discount even at the rate of meter of annum. Rill This change in the face of affairs arises, as 3 b e course, from the impression that money ' ti!0• m i demand than at presen t from w ill to ore the n beginning of January, and thatl'aiptessio crease in value in proportion. But eral, is 11,050 although it may be said to be very ge T3 l" ators for universal. Some of the shrewdest oper sare Discount Market are of opinion that the real p r i ce money has been yet very slight, and that the b asiv . n o p value is chiefly the result of distrust produced Y,_lf r ' es von! pension that the reaction in the price of railway 5" f feell bring on a serious crisis. The necessary result 0 ma ch on the part of bankers is to keep their funds a'veot tits' possible at liberty, in order to be prepared for any h clie s may occur. bra ll The effects which have been produced on many d the star of our industry by railway communication, and tcd en descan „ greater changes yet anticipated, 'have been i o por . 1° intervals in almo4 every vehicle for cominunicatUl_b h oe De, tion to the public, until most of the salient point- 5 _ 400 e .;!: come familiar. Amongst other effects, Veentll"Logeou'l railway communication on the currency has2 o . s ` r ierr noticed in a cursory manner; but we haves een " rax .it $ the revolution it has produced on banking g ene itteu b ito connected form, equal to the following sketch , %% v eal , practical banker resident in the provinces, and c United ~oaSior lei s speak on the subject from experience : b oo " Among the many social improvements which,up have effected, or assisted to introduce i nto thet hey eh dom, it is interesting to contemplate th e influence `" exercised over the affairs of banking. nee 41 ' tbe " The distinguishing features of railway corms „ rapidity add regularity. By the aid of railwaysaK hrougu; mostremote, and formerly the most inaccessiblel.;dise, within a few hours' journey. Passengers , luer c ".,kaess letters are whirled along the earth with equal nu dispatch, while, by the introduction of the electric te e l r gpe:' any extraordinary circumstance requiring still gr”„ o dolu v dition, may be made known from one part a the 5-1"'full another in a few minutes. thei r v o , " The banking instituticns of the country reaPeoc tdhodre share of the advantages arising out of this gre el h o isat lution. A banker at Newcastle-on -Tyne „ tole. 1 , run for money may put himself into t he Londe!: the six o'clock in the morning and be at home agr o f bsP' o lowing day to breakfast, with as large a super r} notes or gold as his credit can procure. "01 the best he could do was to post the whole way do ria; to horses, at the rate of nine or ten miles an hour , el, o i c tent.,, the torture of accidents and delays so peculiarlY . ‘s i o rtal ol l , that mode of travelling, and accomplishing the 1 1 ‘. " a o oply a in three or four days. If he reached borne wi t ," y o an• , before his bank had stopped, he was a fortunae fa ' aeo„e the present day, if a banker has any resources, he bn" ot little moment, as, by the aid of a railway train, by cre dit them into action in a few hours. If he has neither co for capital, he may remain at home, a railway express him no relief. Cope' t 00 "Some of the witnesses examined before the, ti tire 0 of the House of Conlmons, in 1836, were of opin e con reap t k bank should have Any branches beyond its ow:e9sy others considered that they ought to be within sa cii ro ist g g e s , „ tance—say thirty or-'.,forty miles—that a director e sol e d a ' is might visit them antt return to the head office thesitoate At the present moni4nt, the manager of a hae h t etoci t t ho London can start from thence and visit a branch 3 1,00 0 244 miles distant, the same day, and be back in following forenoon. csu " With the same expedition with which- he o celot e i travel by railway, a banker can have his letters, 1),,00011,, packages, transmitted from one place to another. 0 " 01 - tipi o he formerly sent by letter upon a journey ef,„, " : l olti ces ll/ 1 days, now arrives at its destination in one. -"L o ess-vet' _make payments and retire bills, which it Was customers should give him two, three, or even four , t• vious, are now sufficiently early in 24 hours. 0 0 f " But railways do not merely economise the banker, they also economise the use of his rrionei'ffere not require to keep such large reserves in big' c f " used to do, because he can receive an additioa, do io 0 .4 less than half the time he formerly did. They d 2 — Ac lie 9 P, ll to the risk of transmitting money. The rapidity an back of transit from place to place have led rearl,eoglice prefer sending their remittances by a special he stead of, as formerly, through the medium of the hoe ben This plan is adopted by several banks havg„ bolccyrY, There is no money sent bypost either to or fr om ~by s but remittances are dispatched, when necessar3loaer 0,1 This insures certainty and security, and the ceived even more quickly than it could be bye ° 5- i vi o instances business is thus transacted in onort;to tr which a few years ago would have occupied an en' d of 0 ,1 rr " These facilities will probably tend to the gr A s. duction of still greater improvements in the 01,4. iast' A ro acting the business of bankers. They maY, "," c h.Offito have the effect of shortening the dates at vglu c ', e ote• drawn by country bankers upon their London 3 5 ip ties l ,A expedition with which money can be conveyed, 5 13 r e f.ir cured, and advice 3 effected, naturally leads t i c ' . 015 They may also have the effect of equalising t t i le , iv er 1. 00, terest allowed upon deposits. This has, in VP otlo been very unequal in different districts of the c may still be found to vary from 2 to 2i and 11 re,,r ioc es even upwards, in several places. Local circuteh o oi fo no doubt, continue to influence the rate more or 40 e1 there will still be, as there already is, a greater OP assimilation. mi ot to to: " These' facilities also tend to reduce the am" th ` o e1" 50 c0 . , rency throughout the country. Bankers front lad stances already mentioned, do not require to _o l 'l large sums in their tills as formerly, such heavY 0e05.04 bank notes and bullion. The same circurnstancrroA4 the more rapid return of notes. Markets whi ch iat e lt dealers were in the practice of visiting only at long ol d t io are now attended three or four. times as often; o f Or not unusual to hear the remark, that the markets bett'fier' country towns lying contiguous to railways , a re f otai s A , tended than they used to be before these iron ",,pe 1P opened. These farmers and dealers deposit the ,!,t3 notes they would otherwise carry in their Pc';'bs9l``," hands of their bankers. The notes issued bY es c. ,;hor ec 4 : 44. also more rapidly returned to him by the banker " theritao them, and this has the effect both of keeping doNveohe " age amount of the circulation, and of acting as e 1,1 s excessive issues. . " Railways have advanced the interests o f tee th e I' o the additional banking business they have W e n t 1.)0,t1)'. of creating, They have increased the numb er accounts, and banking operations of every descr'PooPror discount of bills, the transmission of money, t., l V ha tes" c t h° deposits, the circulation of notes and coin. ' I r s s ls° o }l , creases the employment of the people incre e— c h;a' ftb' business of the banks. All new undertaking s, i s'l tra de ways, are powerful auxiliaries to the genera -t, - o cee tt e country. The mere speculations arising out of i tif i t during the last twelve months have added , a,T o oit'or, employment of the banks, while the calls and u",Y. i i been a source of considerable profit. The provi r ',. c o 'itse c oo; tropolitan banks have alike benefited by the loc,; bas 1,01; way business. The great additional labour whiem d o o oe' sequence been imposed upon the clerks in the 1A 17 1 .0 4° , 3 0 has given rise to complaints of their being sadlYr° 0, 00 We should, indeed, be glad to see their hours 01050 little more curtailed. It is a subject worthy the c°,. rho g and we trust will receive the early attention, °" is sei tt e profit so larely by their labours." Th g ere is no reason to believe that the picture. or th e spect overcoloured, either as respects the present' babilities of the future. DEEP SEA FISFIISur,,Thor, Aer TO THE EDITOR OF THE EDINBURGH A-.'"„ 0 05 1 ' f 4 Sir,—Whilst receiving such information a 5.,.; be of interest to the public, on the subject a y h e yboo, r ing Establishments, I frequently converse W.i t r„ f e tb" principal objections are, that they would 01 J — 5 0 " fishermen by depriving them of a living. cl s P e t l o A slight consideration of the subject will seo l ii be - tPej, a delusion. The object of Fishing Companies thollpir secute the fisheries upon a more extensive sc a „ Oc t , e Oll a n n o d w E ar n e g , l m is • h it . h ep h c e ien pr t es v e e n ss t els ex , issutcinhgforasihnsetrmanoce vs-to ploved by those companies. o pen A e s :ij When companies are being got up they a,r e iit he' 4 ll o V and where shares are small, the fishermen nug:," oc e o 4 , embark and become part and parcel of the'",,,; o lo9'ilie'a some scruple to engage as servants in the eP , c r o gstd r others, if able, they might get up companies i t in n t fe s " se ;, - es. The great want to be supplied is effia - Joh prosecti ng the deep sea fishing in all weatherter cow" It is a !NCH - known fact that the Dutch distance of 60G miles, export herrings ' 11) , - ;,,bie P f it to annually to the Mediterranean, the value oi o f oti s oc k mense, and :that is effected a month before 0 1;biog 10, 6 boats put to sea in quest of herrings. English, 0 4 #/ 0 0 are often on the coast of Scotland fishing , vil! e s been known to fill their wells with 1,200 coil Woe a These fish being taken to London alive, an d • b S I/ Lel t been cured there, have been transhipped - t° in Edinburgh at a high price. .00# Such an anomaly, the public will cob/ e ct' organised fishing establishments would remove,,%, 0) 0 19 There are parties, too, I converse with, Why 1 1° 0 4 to fishing companies are that if large quantitli s c e., j e y t o brought into market, the price of annual fo ( ",i-ioll O be lowered, and the general interest of P r Van,lie ej e cs injured. My argument to them is, Let u s ~„pV deY as we wish that they should do unto ue-- - ' 6 "„ri,1 011 , 41°",0 munity with plenty of cheap food. If the P i r`,,' tbo e , g i are desirous of acting up to the golden rulaitto„,/ erabark part of their capital in the fishing eu t Si"'. res what they may lose by the cheapness of beef, . 0 of u pie gain by the profits from fish. b e rl My . opinions are, that if the whole of the 1,.,ed cop Britain were conducted under properly orgaV'o, Si c ft;i 4 * they would be of a great national benefite---1 30FP P Edinburgh, Nov. 17, 1845. to l'ir'sor The Brighton and Chichester. Eai-Wcieueritistevot opened as far as Worthing on Monday no i t t f ' 01: . :04 having inspected the line, and certified that 1 jot vi r traffic. The opening would have taken plac°,. t he P for the unfavourable state of the weather durivio week. —Brighton Ga ette, BIRTHS. e ourl' e ' cl o ' - str O e n et th iv e e l B B4h ni i n n s s t t e r.,,tohfealaddayugoifltJearm. es St. Georg ofd On . the 18th inst., at Blackheath-park, the lady son, Esq., of a son 1.1 , t roy: n( 10 0, tli ser MARRIED. l ' e iirl' CV ° On the 18th inst., at St. Pancras (New Churc l 94nesn A t. Joseph Ilan, 8.A., Incumbent of St. JAMeS% We‘ or ore of" shire, to Frances, daughter of W. Nash, B( l.'' late Lic at ilB a ford-park, Essex. ton , y cl , ` thainP icle' 94' On the 18th inst., at All Saints' Church, Sou , i , e _, . A Colonel Poole, C. 8., 22d Regiment, to Anna 13313c1fOrd°1";Weibi!"- of the late T. A. Rudd, Esq ,of Biggleswade, e of. late - On the 19th lust., at Lewisham Church, Frede o i, t he 4 of Blackheath, to Elizabeth, eldest daugh ter Sidgwick, Esq., of the same place. 0 ... ° 4if _________------------<, ocoer relici I lED. Or, the 17th inst., at Duffryn, D Glaniorgans",,„ 3.kiikl°-- -' tgOts' Barges Camac. ' al On the 15th inst., atMarsh House, Bent/9, in l't tl r" • d 0. the late Richard Thresher, Esq , aged 77. , , 1 013 11 'olb 6,0 On the 16th inst., at Linsted, Kent, Edward -"„„` e r Tre, oge ia g If On the 16th inst., at Backwell House, wr_.:,,? ' n ; crea s ,,,;; ; dr On the 17th inst., in Lincoln-place, 31r. ri lu ll ' te NVic iv 9:101 On the 18th inst., at Haydon-squarc, Charlo ' tw o r, 50 0 Mr. G. Fitch, aged 62. AwArd "..as (l, On the 18th inst., at Headingten, Oxford, Eu A i c e nt-. - , On the 18th inst. at Minerva-terrace, 01 " . 40' P a Jackson 'R , Seq., age d 7'3 . co , di>./1; et On the 18th Inst., Mr. John Gottleb Kolbe, ° t- 1 ,0 1 - --- iitl' t o4s 11 :40 /7° TTA 0 Y ° A to . 1 01" Loiks. fon : Printed and Published by NE- --- „ 1 1 stre - - - Strang, Printer, at The .Sun Oflice, N aLgu o• A y me s — • Xl!.'"" - . of the ' WV's ill the Cant?' of 1,71 71. • t • 31, 1846. Ask. 14T 11 - k ok pxu ‘aae are au tat Pala 44k ;it on ko kuittlobstuft,