The Sun. — London, England, 1851-01-02 00:00:00

. NEW STORY OF SCOTTISII LIFE, by the Author of " M 111CiAll.ET MAITLAND." Now ready at all t KL he Libraries, in 3 vols., IVI E B. By the Author of ND. - Passages in the Life of Mrs. Margaret Maitland of Sunny Side," "No cbubt every page of this profoundly interesting book will be rSerused by the thousands who have sympathised with the joys and sorrows of the gentle Mrs. Margaret Maitland. There are passages in ' Merkland,' which , for g enuine unaffected pathos and profound appreciation of the springs of human motivcs:and pasiions, have been surpassed in ne book since Fielding wrote his immortal prose epic." —Weekly Chronicle. Fleury Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. TIEATHIt ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Lessee and Manager, Mr. James Anderson. The Performances (during the Holidays) will comm at Half. p_ st Six precisely. Doors open at Six. THIS EYF.NING, Will be presented by her Majesty's Servants THE LO VE CHASE. Wildrake, Mr. Walter Lacy ; Constance, Mrs. Nisbett ; Widow Gree n, Mrs. Parker ; Lydia, Miss F . Vining. After which an entirely New Grand, Historical, Emblematical, Aeroetatical, Gastronomical, Metaphorical, Musical, Poetical, Vocal, Municipal, Juvenile, Pantomical Pantomime, by E. Fitzball, the po pular author of " Za-ze-zi-zo-zu," entitled I: HARLEQUIN and HUMPTY DUMPTY; or, o bbin de Bobbin and the First Lord Mayor of Lun'un. Private Boxes, U. 35., 21. 12s. 6d., 2/. 25., 1/. 115. 6d., and IL Is. To be obtained on application at the Box-office ; Mr. Sam's Libara anrY,d St. James's-street ; Messrs. SI iteliell Ebers and C o. ; .Andrews Alcroft, Bend-street; at Jullien's M us ic Warehouse, Regent New - street; Chappals, New Bond-street; Leader and Cocks, 63, Pond-street ; Ransford and Co., New Bend-street ; and Bailey and Moon, Carlton Library. 12, Regent-street. Stalls, ss. each. First Price—Dress Circle, Is. Od. ; Boxes , 4s. ; Pit. 2s. 6d. ; Lower Gallery, is. ; Upper Gallery, 6d.. Second Mee at Nine o'Clock—Dress Circle, 2s. Gd. ; Boxes, 2a.; Pit, D. Gil. No Half-price It is to Upper or Lower Galleries. The Box - o ffice open from 11 till 4. respectfully intimated that seats in the Boxes cannot be reserved atter the First et ofthe Play. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brampton. MR. MACREADY. THIS EVENUW, Will be performed KIND JOHN. King John. Mr. Macready. After which a new translation of THE SECOND CALEI4DAIt and the QUEEN of BEAUTY who had the Eight with the Genie. Principal c haracters by Messrs. J. Bland, Selby , L ebnrr, Buctstone, Mrs. L. S. Backingharn, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, 3liss P. Morton, and Miss Romer. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPIII. trnder the direction of Madame Celesta. THIS EVENING, Will be performed a new and original Drama, entitled JESSIE GRAY: Characters by Messrs. Hughes, Royce, 0. Smith, P. Bed forek, Madame Celeste, and Miss K. Fitzwilliam. To be followed by a new Extravaganza called LA TARANTULA ; or, the Spider King. Characters by Messr, Wright, I'. Bedford, 0. Smith, Miss Woolgar, Is,l iss E. Chaplin, Miss K. Fitzwilliam, Madame Celeste, ice. To conclude with THE MARRIED B ICFiELOR. ROYAL PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. C. Kama and Mr. Keeley. THIS EVENING, Silaltesperc's flay or TWEL Characters by Messrs. Belton, Rvder, Addison, J. Yin in g , Ateadow , Keeley ; Mrs. Keeley, Miss hillips, and Mrs. C. Kean. After which a new Comic Christmas Pantomime., called ALONZO THE BRAVE AND THE FAIR IMOGEITE ; or, Harlequin and the Baron all covered with Jewels and Gold. Clown, .Mr. Flexmore ; Harlequin, Mr. Cormack ; Pantaloon, Mr. Paulo ; and Columbine, Miss Carlotta Le Clercq. Private boxes, &c., to be had of all the Booksellers, and of Mr. Maks:lngham ; of whom also places may be taken at the Box-office, Oxford-street, from Eleven till o'cic-Ic ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame VestrlS. solo Lessee, Mr. Charlet', Mathews. THIS EVEN:if:SG, Will be performed THE HANDSOME After which an entirely new and ofginal Fairy Emlravaganza, to be called KING CHARMING; or, the Blue Bird of Paradise. Characters by - Messrs. C. Mathews, F. Matthe.ws, llorucastle, Suter, Bellingham, and Honrter ; Madame Vestris, Mrs. Frank Matthews, Miss Ellis, Mrs. C. Horn, Mlss St. George, and Miss Martindale. To conclude with THE RINGDOVES. ROYAL OLYMPIC Tit /LITRE. THIS EVE;:; , ING, Will he performed A NEW WAY TO PAY OLT) DEIIV , , sup ported b Messrs. G. V. I , rooke, W. Farrell, Leigh Murray, Comp ton, DiaLear, W. Farren, un. ; Mesdames Leigh Murray - and Adams To conclude with PRINCE DORLTS ; or, The Romance of the ASTLEY'S ROYAL AM P !lIE AT RE, Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal Highnen Prince .Albert. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty. Extraordinary series of attractive novelties. THIS EVENING The Grand new Spectacle of KENNILSIORTII; or the Golden Days of the Virgin Queen. with new and costly costumes. Together with Batty's Splendid Scenes of the Circle, introducinit the Magnificent Stud and Company of unequalled Artistes, also, for the first time in England, M. Ghelia, with his three highly-trained Steeds, M. Nicolo Plige, the great Barrel Equilibrist, and the Bro thers Francisco, from the Hippodrome, Paris. To conclude with an entirely new and original grand historical Et nestrian Christmas Pantomime, written expressly for this Theatre, by the author of " Bluff King Hal," to be entitled HARLEQUIN AND O'DONOGIIIM ; or, The White Horse of Killarwy. Box-office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. T. Thompson. - _ HIGII WATER Al LONDON BRIDGE Tnta DALY —Morning 46 min. after 1 I Evening 6 min. after 2 •,,loanow—Morning 27 min. after 2 Evriaing; •S 7 min. after 2 THE WEATHER.--SUN OFFICE, JANUARY 2 THERMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 51—highest since noon yesterday. 48—lowest this morning and during the night. 50 --this day, at noon. BAROMICTE7, %9 -79. WI7-TD S.W. fresh br,eze, and &di weather. DAILY WEA.T.IIER TABLE. State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following places at Nine o'clock yesterday morning.—Th© stations are arranged in order of latitude. PLYMOUTH—Wind S.W., strong breeze—rain. PORTSMOUTH—Wind S.W., strong breeze— overcast. eonTu Am pr o x—Wind S.W., heavy gale—rain. BASINGSTOICE Wind S., heavy gale—rain. GREENWICH—Wind S W. +aril wind—overcast. SWLYDON—Wind S.W. fresiLlyeeze—rain. COLCIIHsTER—Wind strong breeze—overcast. Cammtuaoz—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—overcast. YARMOUTH—Wind S.W. s t ron g breeze—overcast. MANCHESTER —Wind S.W., gentle breeze...overcast. LANCASTER—Wind S.W., strong breeze—partially cloudy. WniTnY—Wind S.W , stron g breeze—overcast. D A MLINGTON—Wind NY., stormy— partially cloudy. SHAP—Wind S.W., strong breeze rain. CARLISLE —Wind N.W:, strong breeze—cloudy. The returns from the following places indicate the state of the wind and weather on ,Tuesday morning at nine o'clock CORK —Wind S. strong breeze—rain. LimEnicsr—Wind S., strong breeze— scud, rain. CARLOW—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—rain. Pootat—Wind - W , hard wind—scud, rain. CONWAY—Wind' S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless. LIVERPOOL—Wind , gentle breze—overcast. LEEDS Wind W., calm nVerCag. DARLEIGTON —Wind W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. k i4 V '''. ...l_ a ~_, ,, t.„4 i t . ,..,, ; ,._,,, . ..,- - ~.._,,, • .______ -=,-,- ,„...,........„,,4„.,..„. , 1 , ig - ,t, .;.„,. ' ~... -, - ars • • . .• .45e..... 7'l( 9 rsN't 'lllll .v < LONDON, THURSDAY, JANUARY 2, 1851. Endeavours of the most laudable kind are now-a days being made for the emancipation cf knowledge and the development of the national intellect. It is • understood, among other Rholesorne changes in pre• - - paration, that an effort will be made in Parliament for the abandonment of the duty on paper, and for the diminution, at least, of the duty on advertite- ments. Whether both or either of these reforms may be realized during the next session it would, of course, be somewhat difficult to predict with any dis- tinetnees—so frequently have we looked forward to the same end, and so often have we been disappointed. There seems, however, just now to be a better pro- spect than we can ever call to mind of the legislative abandonment of these melancholy padlocks upon knowledge. The conviction of their injustice Las been long extending itself among the multitude, and by this time may be said to have penetrated into the esoteric circle of the Administration. All this has been ac complished by the discussions provoked of late years and especially duri ng the last few months, upon the, subject, in connexion with the cause o t popular self-education. I n the daily press the injuri ous consequences of this species of taxation have been argument was carried ou t i n exposed until denial became impracticable. The th e columns of our weekly contemporaries. It found advocates in several of the monthly periodicals ; and obtained also in one or two instances a share of attention f rom the quarterly reviewers. Upon the depressing influe nce of all such taxes upon knowledge, moreover, a variety of ener getic pamphleteers became eloquent and argumenta tive. Among the latter not one writer assumed a loftier tone or a more practical energy than Cumin's KNIGHT, the Good Genius of Cheap Literature and Popular Publications. After the " History of a Book," in which that distinguished publisher exposed the miseries and f.dlures resulting f ro m the short-sighted policy of the Legislature, but little, indeed, remained to be said in illustration of the malign effects of these same taxes upon know ledge. The atrocity of such a mode of taxation has by him and others been removed for ever from the reach of bei n g gainsaid ; and hence it is that, in spite of so many bygone disappointments, we are sanguine of witnessing the long-de: fired reform ex torted next session from the imperial Parliament. Together with these satisfactory changes in regard to the paper duty and the duty on advertisements, we continue to he hopeful of observing another beneficial innovation .referring io the popular intel ligence. The innovation we are now alluding to is one we have frequently taken occasion to discuss of late in these columns, we mean that relating to the rights of inventors. Hitherto, as we have already shown repeatedly, those rights have been either disregarded altogether or subjected to the pressure cf fees of the moat injurieus and extortionate description. The abolition of those fees has at length grown into a necessity. The Exhibition of Industry, S U N, to take place during the course of the present year, will doubtless act as an additional incentive to those who are now endeavouring, in concert with ourselves, to force the reform here indicated upon the recogni tion and acceptance of the Legislature. In the Crystal Palace of the Exposition will be visible, for instance, a multitude of assurances that the acknowledg ment of the rights of inventors would be most desirable, if only with a view to the encouragement of scientific enterprise and the furtherance of mechanical experi ments. Speaking upon the subject of these rights, the recent report of the Committee appointed by the Society of Arts, observes :—" Inventive labour is a right which no power in the State ought to have any option in the recognition of. If the exercise of the right be useless and frivolous, the public are sure to pass it by with contempt ; if it be contrary to estah lished law, then the proprietor is checked by the law itself. As a general principle, it must be conceded that inventors are entitled as fully to a positive recognition of their labolirs as pro perty, as any other description of working people in the commonwealth. It would seem to be unnecessary to argue this point even at all whilst the State recog nizes right of property in literature of all kinds— books, articles in newspapers, and reviews; in songs; even in lecturing ; in ally - unpublished manuscripts; in engravings, although not published; in ornamental designs of the simplest character ; in mere arrange ments of geometric forms ; and, lastly, in the inven tion of the ' form or configuration' of any article of utility, in the shape of a steel pen, or of a toothpick, But the producer of a mechanical action or chemical discovery has no right of property in it at all, if the Attorney-General should think fit to refuse it, or be should be unable to pay the toll of 1001. for a patent!" Further on, in the same sagacious argument, the Committee remarks—" Upon the intrinsic merits of an invention the public at large are the best and only judges, but it is prophesied that if inventive rights were easily recognised, they would generate endless litigation, and there are ad vocates for the establishment of a tribunal to pro nounce judgment on the legal validity of a claim before it should be recognised. There are many strong objections to such a course. It is clear that any tribunal would entail cost— and, probably, very heavy cost. Its mere existence would encourage dis putes, because there are always parties who live by such disputes, and whose interest would be to keep the tribunal in a plentiful supply of work whose interest it would be, in fact, to dispute every claim for rights. Such a tribucal to investigate all claims might, perhaps e usefully negative a few ; but its cost and its practical working would be a fax upon all upon those which were sound and ur impregnable and those which were invalid. So far as it was a general tax, it would discourage inven tion. To be of any use the decision of this state , tribunal—this Pepe over inven , inns—must be final and absolute. Is its infallitsi'dty to he trusted ? And is the whole progress of invention to be regu lated by it ? It has yet to be proved that affixing a legal respect on su begets u moral disrespect for them, And if eeeete! in should increase, as is predicted, to an insupportable Extent, we may assume that a remedy will be found. Let us first have proof of the evil before we legis late in the dark to remedy it, for it may never come to pass. It will be time enough,", continues the report, " toinvestigate the legal validity of the claim when it is questioned." From these and a variety of other equally cogent considerations it must be obvious that justice is on the shit. of those who advocate the rights of inventors; and net on that of their antagonists ; and knowing thii, we may rest confident in the ultimate triumph of these who are struggling to destroy the odious and ruinous routine necessary for the obtaining of letters patent. More ostentatious improvements than these will be brought under the consideration of the ' Legislature during the ensuing session, but none more largely affecting the interests of humanity, connected as they are with the emancipation of the populartin telligence. • The directors of the London and North-Western Railway have, by their judicious, and, at the same time vigorous and uncompromising conduct emi nently entitled themselves to the thanks and gratitude not only of the directors of other railway companies, but of every employer of labour thrtghout the entire country. They have emulated tba noble conduct of their brethren of the Eastern Conaties, by resisting, at every hazard, the unwarrantable dictation that teas attempted to be enforced by their own servants. By so doing they have inflicted a formidable blow on the mischievous system which has been productive of the most injurious consequences to masters and workmer, employers and employed. The latter have invariably been the deepest sufferers, by their own folly in permitting themselves to be made the tools of designing men, who, reckless of the consequences to their unfortunate dupes, make use of them as passive instruments to work out their own nefarious projects; but the former have also sus tained considerable damage. Heavy pecuniary losses to both parties mutt be the inevitable result. The master gill see his works: remaining idle, his capital un- productive at a time when he might be realizing handsome profits, and he may even be liable to damages for the non-completion of some contract into which he had entered, perhaps, for the purpose of keeping those very persons in employment who have _ _ acted with such gross ingratitude towards him as to turn out" without reasonable cause ; but there the evil ends, so far as he is concerned, he is only injured while the hands are on the strike. But with the opera tives the case is very different. They enjoy no peace, the grievance never ends. The most amicable relations may exist between themselves and their em ployers. Each may be willing to discharge their own duties in an exemplary manner, and to respect the rights of the other part 3 -. But the men must con tribute largely from their earnings towards the ex• penes of a grand central executive committee— composed of a pack of scoundrels, too idle to work themselves, who exercise despotic authority, and view with suspicion every act of the masters, compelling the workmen to offer a combined resistance in matters, the chief end and object whereof was the benefit of the men them. selves. But this is by no means the worst part ele the system. They have to support a parcel of idle drones who are "on the strike " in obedience to the dictates of the secret conclave who pull the wires behind the scenes. There are also heavy potations during the club meetings at the public-houses where the discussions are carried on. The men are taken from their families dur ing the leisure hours that might be more profitably and agreeably s pent in the pleasures of domestic intercourse, and they incur habits of intemperance and expenditure fatal to the happiness of themselves and families. We may say it advisedly, and with the most perfect conviction of the accuracy of our assertion, that the greatest advantages to the working population of the country that was ever anticipated by the ',lest sanguine from " combination," either in keeping up wages, or intimidating employers, are not equivalent to the tithe of the evils that necessarily attend the system, and it is as real friends to the labouring population that we earnestly entreat them to eschew, henceforward and for ever, all illegal confederacies and trade clubs, that must be productive of the greatest misery to themselves. The complete an d decisiv e victor y g ained b y the London and North- W es t ern directors during the present triumph, a n d the success of the Eastern Counties vince rail Board e gine-driver s and employe es , more rsNciallY en - Board in August last, must con any terror in a th reatened " strike. " intimidation are at an e nd. firemen,i that the days of There is no longer Its only effect is to consolidate th e power of the directors and t 9 enable them to ge t r id of the tuo • worthless men, who ar e made. re i nefficient and others from offending i n like manner, examples Lofetttohetnei deter : just consider the occurren ces o f the last ten days and they will see the utter inutilit y of their prcceedit proceedinge which were c ommence d without any adequate cause, for none had be en i mpose d , b ut from an absurd and unreasonable jealousy of their employers. Ie their remonstrance they say, it is reported currently over the whole length of the London and North-Western Railway, that on a future occasion you will do all the injury you can to your memorialists." And it is en such vague, silly, and unfounded rumours that rational men, in the enjoyment of corthrtablo . w j ages, far more than could be earned by persons of their class in a!most any other occupations, were prepared to act, and to relin quish situations which were of the utmost importance to themselves and fataies. How unreasonable was it, while claiming, orKlit for their own twelve or thirteen years' servitude, which they thought " was a sufficient guarantee far their steadiness without binding them to a three month.' node •," to make no allowance for those who had acted as kind and considerate masters during these p2riedz, and who should be supposed incapable of using the power thereby afforded for any sinister purpose. The directors had just reason to complain of the un warrsnted and unwarrantable suspicion. One fact should not be forgotten by the men, There were 138 drivers on the northern division of the line, and there were 230 applications for employme - nt by competent !persons within a single week ; while during the same time there were 128 applies , tion for the 130 situations on the southern di7itir,n. This must convince the malcontents that substitutes could be more easily provided than they had previ ously supposed. The contest has, however, tt,rnii noted. The men have yielded at discretion ; the great majority have declared their adhesitsn to the existing regulation, by affixing their sil:Tauces to the document issued by the company withdraw ing the abjection to the three months' notice. W© have now only to express our hope that the directors will use their victory with roodtra tion, and exhibit the magnanimity which their con• duct during► the discussion warrants us in an ; that they will let " bygones be bygones," and pro claim a general amnesty for acts committed during the unfortunate discussion that has been brought to so happy a terminal ion. THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris journals of yesterday. M. Yoe.; has been induced to tender his resignation as Commissary of the Assembly, and M. DUPIN has, to quote the words of the National, had the weakness to accept it. In his letter of resignation he says— " Notwithstanding tha honourable decision of the Bureau of the Assembly to retain my services, I have determined, from unwillingness to embarrass the As sembly, which I have faithfully served, to relieve myself of the funetipns of Commissary of Police, which the As sembly did me the honour to confide to me." The conflict impending between the Assembly and the Executive will not be even postponed by the re tirement of M. YON. The official reception of the 1 LegiAstive Assembly took plaf.7e at the Elysee on 1 Tuesday evening, and th , : , two l'icsickno, M. BONA PARTE and M. Durre, could not refrAin, even on that public and complitnentlkry occasion, from talking at each other. In his address M. DDPIN took occasion to assure the PREfiIDENT 'of the Republic that all the acts of the Assembly, as well as thole of its Bureau, were inspirecl by a profound attachment for the person of the Pse.stneekT, and a warm desire to preserve a good utdeiete.netieg be tween the two powers of the state. Ilereufkii he was interrupted by M. BONAVARIE, who audibly ex claimed, " I must believe is, M. le President, because you say it." On which Goucral BEDEAU immediately withdrew in disgust. The address Niai% again interrupted by the Peas - IDE:NT of the Republic, who thus addressed the President of the Assembly - : "You and I, each in the limitS ct our attributes, must endeavour to enforce respect for the laws of the country and the authority RHA is given to us by the constitution, without encroachment by the one power on the other. Ido not insist on the prcrogation -of my powers, but I do insist, when I shall restore to the people the power which I have received trern ,it, to restore it intact end respected. My conviction is, that Franca wishes for peace and order, and it would blame the one of.the two powers which would attack the other." The entourage of the Elysk treated M. Dorm with the greatest contempt, and observed that as he bad played out his part the sooner he quitted the stage the better. M. DE LA DEVADSATE, a Beurbonit reprisentntlee, has given notice of a proposition to the effect that every represt-rotative whose allowances have been • seized for debt within the.' last three months, shall be considered as having giveD his rellienation of hi e seat- in the Assembly. It is not eeicl whether the lion. Gentleman intends to apply the some principle to the Presidency of the Republic. We find the following in the Independenxe of Brus sels of Sunday. " There was much talk Ilst evening in a large poll . - ticA salon of a letter said to have been adtirFuctt by one of the Princes of the House of Orleans to an eminent individual in FriLTICO, and in which tho idea of the fusion of the two branches was considered as imprac ticable, impolitic, and compromising for the dignity of the children of Louis Philippe. According to this letter, the ex• King, before his death, is stated to have said nothing which could be either directly or indirectly considered 23 an approbation of, or a desire for, such a fusion, or even as a tendency towards acts which might lead to it. The members of the House of Orleans are, all more united than ever in this idea, and in the resolu tion to keep away from any co-operation in political movements of any kind. The old chiefs of the Orleanitt party entertain similar feelings as regards the fusion. All that may be attempted or imagined in certain com mittee:, the principal fault of which is that they have no authority from the contracting parties, is therefore without value, without foundation, and without im portance." BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 1. Boulogne :and Amiens, 8 3 / 4 —Luxembourg, 1 1 , x —Ditto, 236—Namur and Liege, 8 3 / 4 —Northern of France, 15—Or leans and Bordeaux, 3% ex div.—Paris and Rouen, 26 3 / 4 — Rouen and Havre, 10 3 / 4 —Sambre and Meuse, 3U. GERMANY. The German Riform of Berlin publi3hes the speeches of Prince SonwluTaussEno and M. DE 2.4AISTEtrrEn at Dresden on opening the conferences. We extract as follows from the speech of the Prince the most important passages :-, " Experience has.deaaonstrated to us the imperfections of the federal compact, and indicated the blanks that it is necessary to fill up. We must above all things fortify the supreme federal power by institutions which will enable it to resist the torrents of revolution and protect the monarchical principle. The conviction of this truth must necesiarily lead to the task which is imposed upon us, and which is the recision 01 the federal compact .and of the ltws which have followed its development. If we take f , )r the basis and for the issue of our deliberations the constitution ptliLi- Lively given to the confederation, if we endeavour to complete and ameliorate this constitution, in prcfiting by the lessons of experience, and having rngard to all that time and circumstances require for the prosperity of the country ; if we create in fact a supreme federal authority, sufficiently strong to save and guarantee against new dangers, the most precious rights of society, by the protection afforded to governments aganst the enemies of order, we shall respond to the exigencies of right and equity, to the inspirations of policy, to the engagements which our Sovereigns have contracted by sacred treaties for their mutual relations, and to the duties which Providence has imposed on them towards their people. There is no doubt, gentlemen, but that your Governments end yourselves will adhere to this manner of viewing the case, which the imperial Court has charged me to communicate to you. Being agreed as to the starting point, we shall certainly attain the ob ject. Let us put our hands to the work with loyal good will, with reciprocal confidence, with the blessing of God, and consequently with courage, in order that v, e may succeed. The country whose prosperity has been, shaken by the storms of the last few years, and which Still suffers under the weight of existing circumstances, waits for acts with impatience, and att.mbes to their suc cess its hopes of a better future. It is oi - ily by theA; results that order, legality, and peace, and consequently true liberty and prosperity, can be restored to every part of cur fine German country, and that its influence abroad can be strengtheced. I am convinc,d, Gentle men, that I bays understood your ideas, and I also think I have expressed your sentiments in thanking the R Saxon Gavernment, and particularly the King, so worthy as a man, and so respectable as a Monarch, iu the mama of our Sovereigna,for the kind welcome we hays hero r:ceivod." The speech of M. DE MANTEiJFFEL :was as fu!— ,ows " Permit me, also, gentlemen, to cxprela ray thanks for the eagerness with which you have responded to the invitation to attend the conferences which have open?d to-day, so that after more than two ypars, after different schisms and sad quarrels, the Plenipotentiaries of all the German States are assembled here with the unanimous resolution electing in common, and in a useful manner. I will add one word more of hope and c mildenee. Is it our wish to avoid the return of these sad trials? Let us then show to the German nations that their Goveravfnts have the will, the intelligence, and the force in cessary to remove existing abuses, and to found useful and dura ble institutions." Accounts from Berlin of the 30th state that Prince SC HWARTZRN BURG was to leave for Dresden that even ing. An energetic course of action had been agreed on in relation to the Holstein affair, and the Federal troops are to be allowed to cross the Prussian terri tories. This statement is confirmed by accounts from Vienna of the 29th, and advices from Cassel and Frankfort of the 31st announce the." . the Federal troops have already begun their march neon Hol stein ; they are to proceed by way of Magdeburgh. ITALY. A L2gborn letter of the 24th announces the arrival there of a large number of Swiss recruits, on their o l f as 2 t ,o m oo on a t r h e . sz A p.l lh o a u ve r .being current at risa that theLconstitutionel party intended to make a demonstration, the authorities w o a f rd th s e have thought proper to cause nutnerous plquets of 13"':etdo in the u t P h i e e4 Cour U se p soldiers to p ara d e the town d a ily. r Ile C.-mmunal Council of Vercelli, in its sitting of th . e . l6th, voted a ser i es o f regulations; the chief provision of whi c h i s the abolition . of the bremd-,tax. THE LONDON, TII U it S .D .A. v_i'.. EVENINGI JANUARY 2, 1851. If is believed the Sardinian G-overamer.t will f 'auction the tnessure. Tha British squadron under the command of Rear- Admiral Sir W. rARICER arrived at Cagliari on the 16th. A letter from Rome of the 21st, in - the Risorgi merit°, states that Signor OFFREDUZZI, who WaS chief of one of the rioni, or quarters of Rome, under the late Republic, has succeeded in making his escape from Castel St. Angelo. All political prisoners have now been removed from that place, and sent to - I):gliatia. Notwithstanding the vigilance of the Paoal Government, numeroi:s clunelcetine varephiets. continuo to circulate Among the pnblic. It %I'm ex pected the flour FATE ni?i would pardon SOI.Oe political offenders on fJbristmag.day. Letters from - Bologna state that on the 13th a party of .1. strain soldiers had a skirmish with nice banflitti, headed by IL rAsSATOM".! himself. A soldier vve.,s and another wounded in the cciiteat ; the banditti were; licwcver, put to flight, after the leas of one man, nnnied LAII4I, on whose laxly articles of value were A lettir frurn Naples of the 16th, in the Stainto, announces the :.rr,st in that city of a na:ive of Con stantiLople, whosa passport was not regular, and the E Tier, diKorcry about '.it person of e treason A,: correspon , lence a great importance. A.! u late sitting of the Tribunal,'for the hearing of the cete of . Ow Units Tkilittna, the musket of a ge,ndarem. accidentally wenc cif, which cured immeose confu sion, both alpent. 4 r the judges end the audience; the former fled into tt:e council chamber, while the latter made an ineffectual rush to get out into the street. The gendarmes increased the contusion by pointing their muskets, out of precaution, both at the public and the prisoners. Order was with difficulty re sto?cd. lONIAN ISLANDS. The Malta Iflril pultlislit'.3 the foliovving extract from the speech of the Lord. High Cornir.issioner of the lonian Islimds on proroguing tho Parliament:— " Mr. President and Gentlean-;n,—l have tow laid be fore you the question;, up, n •t: Lich i cot:ctive that you tray honourably and u:cful:y co oot.rnte with the Go vernment for the brirtfl; of you: e.omalon countri. Ex tend the range of those as mut+ es von think - proper. In the'wcrlc c f internal amelioration—trevi.iou cf the system cf public edwomion, of ta.matior r and the remoe;d of all burdens that press otNqually tirpn the peorile— there is a wide field of: wility open to yra, and I CIL have no better guide in ppro-Aelling, it the the deci:iont of the Assembly. It ioulki e ti.:4.:st pitiful to ui to think that the pr,Tetleal whieh tray be thuf achieved is destined again to ho o.i.erit!ce,3 which it is imposs:n.... r an • e ritart. change in the -policy tit thit. Great European Powers connected with the East by treaty and by territorial pots 7.:tious, No stteh chatte. 1 contem plated. It has ut?tr , r been :Lc i;.tention t f the Qtwen abandon o rsitier. under the ealegitat', - t of the British Crown by fttt., treaty of Um-is. An 4, while :t it thc.disire or her Ldam: t': to re4; , ot the stcured to.you b; r.;‘, Cva.-2titutit , n, end to ehich Att herself added so itirg sly, it will be my duty, as hvr Ma• jesty'a rr-prerentative, to assert, upon Zit oecasioLs, the rights which that same Cor.t.s:itution secures to her, and to maintain thdln it:violate. I ztn compelled to mate this declaration by the publication of a dor:on - rent to which some rat reltcrs of the 21,;itrably have their names, and by the continnarre of an agbation in one or tr:o of tlit.6e islands, which ctu have no other cifect than to (.144 rt the minds of the reople from aings that are prsot]eable and easy of atie.iorcent. I bclisvo this agitation to rr st neithr.r upon the property nor the inkl ligsnee of the country. I have, during the last six months, been Lrr-ught largely in coutsct with the relit lutiou of the rural distrietr:, and I sitould do li•tie justice ' to my own fepliug if I wore rut publicly to express wy grat4tal scare of he reept,ioll that I hale tier:teed, and my uOrairLtion t f tha? tog, and intelligence whici, I tu . ,:vo found araon. r. thieve we, geut.N.tun, they think little of t; theoiit.a, or rivaiittei. They want ge ::o verurnsint. They arc occupied with practical to r( al mcva! ,-eCurit.y Their rotas, .hoer school;, the openiug •e"' wEth scree as en e.uVet for their pr - oh-es, nf uurceQS , ltry 12Strainte upon titer propel - :): 1,..e.by an eirectile pollee, tine !L; adreieizratiou of jeetiee—the,e are th tras:.ione eLien interest artro ere!. %pen e? eh and all of there they w 1 1 find in ree 0e...-a-leboorer. Whet it deeeectle on me to . . do, eeeeieg.;ceturnerce hem unneees.eiry ,lieck!ee", eree i 'the communicatiore b?tee the : , In Whet remeirei to he I Teem IL • tedsieg tee., ask at in mind, .yule nateree. eeee.. [Aide to et , e 'Ll'',;t4- dour.s of your rat-, retain a lively intereatein its destieics. Ad triaL I desire is, that you will ac- cept the geed which the present time may afford, and niece yourselves ted me in a position to real'ae it, by a honk and 'opt receenitien of the rights of a power which desires to etc . freekiy and !egret!) by you, and has Ito other desire er wish, in the etireiniso:etion of your etVeire, than to see the principled of constitutional liberty . des-eloped amongst you under the protection of the oldest European free states and the greatest of her mari time powers. By th-e develepment of constitutional principles, I mean the best pazkable adininistration of your internal affairs, by the men who shall show them selves to have the best title to the confidence of their countrymen, and the gradual improvement of the con stitution when time and events shall have proved it to be necessary. I am enabled, heweser, to communicate to you, in his own words, the ecotiments of Lexel Grey upon the subject ; he reinitole you, that changes in the constitution cf the Legislature, anti in the distribution of political power, although from time to tioae they may be necessary in every country, contribute nothing directly to the improvement cf the condition of the people. They are valuable only as affording the means by which improvements in the laws and in the system of raireinioration and economy in the public expenditure may be secured. So far from being beneficial in themselves, it is notorious that, so long as the discussion of-constitutional changes is going on, the consideration of those practice! measures, which are the ultimate objects of such alterations, is suspended; while the frequency of such chenges is in the highest degree injurious, by destroying that confidence in the stability of the constitutcti authorities which is one of the main elements of their strength. It will therefore be much to be desired that the attention cf the Parliament, when it re-assembles, should be directed snore to the use of the powers already granted to the people in the introduction of practical improvements, than to the consideration of new plans for further charges in the constitution so lately established.' Upon this basis I invite you to concur with me in doing what good we can during the remainder of the present session, by entering at once upon a course - of legislation honourable to yourselves and useful to your - country. I entreat your eid in this good work, and I rep_eat to you the assurance cf my most cordial co-operation." yar co , .nperation. Jn rvnrthy coue,- , slsioz?-. I TA.ineic!o f)f nfAlt),nA;:•, THE TRINITY HOES vacancy is occasioned among the elder brethren of this Corporation, by the de cease of Captain Aaron Charman , the senior of the brethren, having been elected as far back as 1809. Captain Chapmsn died on Saturday last, at his residence, Ilighbury Park, in his SOth year. The deceased gentleman was long known and highly esteemed in - lre city of London, and in four successive rattiaments since the Reform Bill. repretkuted the borough of Whitby in the itcuse of .Commons. THE COLLISION ON HE. YORE. AND NORT II MID LAND RAILWAY.-- SOUTH Ai IL VORD, DEC. ai.—Te-day the coroner and jury again assembled zt the White Swan, when the jury gave in their verdict, which was that of " Manslaugh ter against Edward Crimston," the guardof the luggage train which caused the accident. Grin - 2ton will, of course, be committed to take his trial at On Yorkshire spring assises. We are enableA to state from unqueiticnable au thority that the report that Mr. Bennett has retracted his resignation of St. Paul's, Knightbridge, is wholly devoid of foundation.— Chr PRIZE . FIGNTINU IN SuRnEY.—At a maeting of the Surrey magistrates on Tuesday, a lengthened discussion took place with reierencs to the conduct of the South-Western railway Company, in giving a special "train for the use of the c.)lnhaLtr.ts and ti:eir frienti; on the occasion of the re cent tight•betmeen the Tipton Shni.er and Paddock. One of the mngistrates, Mr. Scott, who is also a director of the corn - pany, Cu the part of that body stated that they had no know ledge of the purpose for which the train was used on the oc casion referred to, and gave an assurance that no facility for a similar demonstration" should be hereafter aforded by the railway authorities, On the faith of this assurance the indictment for a misdemeanour has been withdrawn. SCOTTISH I.IOSPITA L.—The quarterly general court of the members of this corporation took place yesterday at the institution, Craae-court, Fleet-street, Sir Walter G. Stirling, Bart., in the chair. The inflames of the last meet ing having been read, some alterations were made in the bye-laws of the corporation, and a statement was brought forward showing the position of the Kinloch Fund for the past year. From this it appeared that 2,000/. had been dis tributed during the year to about 500 pensioners. On the motion of Dr. Webster, it was agreed that the " building committee" be renewe.l, for the purpose of establishing a better home and refuge los the pensioners, and that the names of the chairman, Admiral Sir Charles Malcolm, Mr. Bennech, and Mr. Croll be incluited amongst the members of such com mittee. Some formal business was afterwards disposed of, and the meeting separated. THE GREAT Faumano2;.—FOßElGN GOODS.-- The Commissioners of the Customs have approved of the following new form of sight bill of entry to be used for goods imported from abroad, and intendei for the Great Exhibi• tion of the Works of Industry cf All Nations, and have or dered the same to be adopted and used fur that purpose ac cordingly:—" Warehousing Sight—Goods for the Great Ex hibition only, viz. (here the description of the goods, with the requi?ite particulars, is to be given). I, importer, do hereby declare that the pacicages herein cl , scribed are in tended for the Great Exhibition, and that I will forward them in the same state'as when landed, with due dispatch, to the building for the Great Exhibition in Hyde-park. Signed and declared this day of —, 183 I, in the presence of —, c. P.S. Let this sight pm for the packages above mentioned, to be landed and forwarded to the building for the Great Exhibition in Hyde-park, for exarninati , ii under the regulations contained in the minute issued on the I subject." A WORD FOR Ma. BRlC,NETT.—Whatever we may say about the conduct of Mr. St. Barnabas Bennett, there is, at any rate, no doubt that be is adverse to the display of one very great virtua—resignation.-- Punch. THE LATE Ma. RAPILIEL, M.P.--The Dublin Evening Mail contains the following —" The late Member for St. Albans died without signing the decd transferring the new churches at Kingston and St. Albans, as well as Prior-park, near Bath, to the Cardinal. The delay is said to . have been caused by the Cardinal's objecting to Mr. Raphael naming the clergyman, and the result is that he has lost about 70,000/. worth of property. Mr. Raphael's 'sister died on Sunday, so that his nephew cornea in for r.,11. The personal property has been sworn at 2E0,0004 4 and the landed property ie estimated at a larger iiicare. TILE SHARE MARKETS. RAILWAYS Eallvvays. j Paid. Aterdeen.• .. • • • • 50 Do. Preference .• • • 8 P g Ambei gate, Nottingham,) Bosti,u, Ee., E. Juncion 83,f, Ayrshire and Galloway..! •;3,4 Belfast and County Down, 32 Perks mai lignts'Exteu, (Great Western rer cent.) •! G Ehmingliwit and Oxford, Junction, calls duly, - paid, of wit'a Do. wit-heat a guar... Wolvcrlutro p - ten, sa;:d Dwley, caLI.7 - aaly pe.r.l, or ritai fr NANA •• ..1 15 • 15 ithout ' 1) g., W o A.rdE;tour Valley • • 13 14 0 Birke;ll.e.al, Lanai., said, CL!± , A Bristol and Eixet • I no :,ac's :igh :sire • D. I Vt. - Prci`• ee • • • Do. (nye eL , , , ,tale June. • • eln, , ::ter s.l liolyhead Do. Pn:lerenee •• Clarence .. • • .. 78 6 8 Do. Ist Class, 6 per et. 10 Do. 2d do., 5 per cent.: 10 Do. Gov. Loan,4 pr. ct.! Direct Lond. and Por tan.' Dublin and BelfastJunet. ! 4 Dundalk and ;Enniskillen! 3 East Anglian (:2.51. L. fal• E. and L. & D.) • • •• 1 2 Do, (181. E. & 11.) •• Do: (31. ; 10s.) 6 per cent. Prefers:lee •• , Do. (5/.) 7 pr. et. Pref. Do. (71.175.) 7 p..e.Pref. Eastern Counties ... .. 2; Do. Exten., 5 per cent. No. 1 • • • • ••! 6 I; Do. No. 2 • • • • ••I 6 l; Do .Yew Preference, 6 , -; per cent. . • • . •• Do. North. and East. . 6 per :ent. :•• • Do, do. 5 per cent .. Do. do., New •• • • • 4 Eastern Union, class A, late E. IS. shares • • 2 Do. do. do. .. Do. do., B & C!shares' 2 De. do., scrip, guaran. 6 per cent. • •• 2! East Lar.cashlre •• ;2, Do. New quarters • • Do. 6 per ctnt. pref. quarter skares.. • • East•Lincolushire, gua. 6 pet cent •• • • • • 2, Edinsurgh and Glasgow 5 Ed.u., Perth, and ; Dundee 2, ~ , , , wport • • • . p , i eovil, & Dorch. Ex. • , Exmouth s - and South-West, 51 ref. consolidated. D. &C.steck -.•aniorest p Do. „. t , :.ferred 1 jar.r cc. p 80. - Lt• •• 1! at and I roand .• .51 Do. •. Great North of Englath" .I 1 Do. run% ICi 1k). new 301 1)c. new 151 (11,,at VV,Atcrn • • •• 10 1 .• • 1 tv:ci Do. ball shares • • .. Do. quarter shares .. Lancaster arid Carlisle .. Do. thirds • • Lancaster and Preston .. lAneashire and Yorkshire I Do. quarter shares .. Do. fifths .. • • • Do. F. 2PI. .. • • .. Do. new, guaranteed 6 Der cent. .. • • .. 10 - Do. liaidders. 4 Shed. l Do. West Riding tinloni Leeds and 'llrau ford .. I 5 Leeds and Thirsk,; • • •• • Do. pref. 6 p et., No. 1 Do.-prj. G p et., No. 2 Do.' pra. 6 bscti. t No. 3 Do. pref. q, s., to 48 Liverpool,. Crosti, sc.ott i port • . London nnii Inset -:a11 and London, r I Val. aut.. ,v:e; . .~ la' _ 1).0. , 51 1)0. • . , 5 ~'~.., _. _.,. ~ .... _.., 6 • 1," ,ch ~~ y': C. t:~t:i:~ ,- 1 a..rew quftrter3 . a'. `ass ;.... )0. ; q t. sh., B (c) L0i4 . 1,,1:,and S.-1N cetera . -140. new 501. 00. new 401. 3 2 , Do. taeW preference • • Londonderry 8 Coleraine 2; -129.11alt.eiiaree, Lovestbit, :cuar. t pki ct. „litxt.do., 6 per cent. ,onoliderry .Ind Ennis- 4:3.1f shares •4 - Iraffeltester, Buxton . , anal ''~ 2 Matlock •.. . • • • , . M anchester, Filie.ilield, at : Lincolnshire • . '.. 1% Do. quarters, No. 1 • • `. i Do. new, 101 preferent ~..', Do. Al nnchester and ,-, Lincoln Union • • 4 bilaild • • • • •• 1c Do. consolidated pref. 101 Do. 50/. shares • • • • 31 Do. L'i'ming & Derby lei Do. Consol. Bristol Sr.! 6 per cent.l 101 Do. isriFtel & Clouces.i 4J Do. do. do. • •129 1)o. Erewash Val. pref. 51 Do. Leic. Swiwning., a • - 8 per cent. guar. ..1 10; Midland Gt. West. (Ire.)! 4' Middiesbro' and itedcar,l 6 per cent. guar. .. 51 Newcastle :.!id Carlisle • • 10; Do. quarter shares .. 2. Newmarket • • • • .. 21 Do. extension scrip • • 2 11 Newport, Abergavenny, and Hereford • • •• ( Newry & Enniskillen •• 1 Newry, Warrenpoint, & Rostrever • • • • • • Norfolk' • • • • .. • • 10( Po. INew 201. shares.• ; Extension • • •• 21 Do. guar. 5)4 per cent. Do. Waveney Northern Comities Union North British:. .. 2. Do. Preference • • • • North Staffordshire • . North-Vi esters . • • • 1 Oxford. Worcester and Wolverhampton.. • . 5 Preston and Wyre .. 2 Do. Halves (A) • • 1 Reading, Guildford, and Reigitc •• ••• •• P. Royston and Ilitchia Do. Shepreth Eaten. • • Scottish Ccutral Scottish Midland .. Do. new . • .. —1 2 S arewsbury & Clas4A— •• .. 13 DO. Class R.. •• • • • 9 1 Do. New Guarantee.. Shrewsbury & Hereford hrewsbury and Chester (Nor. W. Min.) • • .. 2 Do. Haloes .. • • • • 1 Do. Oswestry • • .. 2 Do. New.. • • • • • • Du. f per cent. Pref. . Shrop.th.irc Unica • • • • South D /sou • • • • .. 5 Do. Preference • • • • South Staffordshire • • South-Eartern • • • • 1 Do. do. 4X, per cent... 1 South Wales.. • • .. South Yorksit. and Itivu Dun . • • • • • • Sheff., Roth., and Goole, N. Div., guar. 5 p cent. Do. do. South Div. • • Swansea & Loughor, &c. raw Vale Extension Dames Haven Dock anti Railway . • • • • • Vale of Z.; eath .. • Waterier.? and Kilkenny Watet tord and Limerick Water:o7d, Wex., Wick., and I) übl in .. • • We;ir Valley, 6 per cent. guar nteed • . Do. do. do. .. Do. do. do. .. West ~ .lornwall • Whitehaven and Furness Windsor, Staines, and S. Western .. • • .. Wilts. Somerset, & Wey- mouth• . • • •• • • York, Newcastle, & Ber wick .. .. • • Ditto and Newcastle Extension .. Ditto G.N.E. purchase or preference •• •• Do. Hartlepool Dock and Railway • • .. 101 York and North Midland 51 Do. rrcference • • .. 11 Anglo:ltalian (late Ita• Ilan and Austrian) • • Boulo;ne and Amiens • • Central of Franco (Or. leans and Vierzon) Demerara • . • • • • Dutch Rhenl6h • • • • East Indian • • .. • • Do. do. do. • • Great Indian Peninsula.. Ditto ditto • • .. Louvain a la Sambre Luxembourg • • .. Ditto • • • • • • • • Mad:id and Valcntia Namur and Liege .. • • Nor nern of France • • Orleans and Bordeaux .. Paris and Orleans • • .. Paris and Rouen • • • • Paris and Stra,bourg Rouen and Havre .. . Sarniire and Alr..n7e Strasbe'srg and Basle .. Tours and Nantes • • .. Tonrnay, Jurbise, Lan don, end Ilasselt • • West Flan,iers • . A ustr.9.la3in Eritish North America.. Colonial Commercial of London.. London Joint Stock .... Lory4on and Westminster National Provincial Eng. Do. New ...• • • ***** • National of .... Provincial of Ireland.. • • Do. :New .•...... IJition of Australia .. • • Union of London ••• • • • .1713.10 u of Mathid N .niinal Prices. 10 to 10% % —l4 dis dis. .. ....• •• % - 1 P. 29 -30 27 -28 8- 9 p 7 - 1034 - 11 174 2 -1^ p 10 —Pin 0 5 % -5 ' •• 16 -17 13 -14 15 25 I ?<5 3 l 8 I 2 - 174 iyi -1 5I l - -6 3C,-NP 4 14 ohs. P 10% - 11 ;0 :35 a 4 15 I 64 15 I 414 - 4N !O 18% - 15 11 3 / 4 -12% 6 -23 A, •• - •• 15 31% -32 i 0 27 -29 :5 6 - 7 1% - 2 14 - 34 6 el .. —.• 17% - 17% [2 % 6 12 y, 10% -11 .4, 12% 12% - 12% i 0 33 -40 % - P )0 242 - 245 _ 71 —7B 5 4 1 -A dls 0 ;`,9 101 57t4 22 —23 50 68 —73 13 4 tl4- 616 p. 47% 26 —27 p .00 r 6% 57% 23% t IOX- dis. 11! 7 dis. 6 1% dis. 10 123 - 132 - • .1 1 1 6 5 14 dis— io 06 97 iO 14V, 13' 7 4 9 7 dis. L 7 3Y, -- 3 dls. 5 dis. - 0i - '4. 9 , 10.5: 7 11 t . i 9 - 57±.L' !O —l3d 11 123 111 •- 3 , ,4 4 P. _ 4 7 4 p. - 2 4 4 p. 10 TN -7- . 48A i 2% 12 ; 3 t dii 34 5 2 1 ,4 2,q p. -15 1. I 13 - 4 25% - 26% 10% - 11)4 - 10% 2. 0! 3 1 A 2 3 ,4 dis. } 46% 47% 15 I 19!4 —l9 dls. )0 24 —26 128 - 130 - 57 - 57 - 6 p ..i3 dls. Business done to-day. 10% dis. 2X % Paid. Nominal Pries. Business done to • ---_ --- --,—.— --- Anglo•Mcsican(is. 5/. p.) 100 • • —•• Asturian ••..•••• .. • . • • 15 . • —• • Australian •••• • • . • 4 34 - 3 Barossa Range .. • • .... 113 0 3% —3% Blaenarvon Iron and Coal t 0 • • —• • 13olanos Scrip ...... •• •- • • —• • British Iron.. ••.. • • .... 13 5 . • —•• Brazilian Imp. (is. 5/. p.) 24% .. • • • Do. Cocaes and Cuiaba 30 3% —3% 2 Do. St. John del Rey• • 15 14% 144 Cobre Copper . • .... .• • 40 32% —35 Coplapo ... ..... .... .. 14 5% —5% 5% General. Real Del Monte, Unrcg. IA % Do. Black Debentures . Do. Red Debentures .. .. .• Santiago de Cuba ...... 10 9 —7% Tin Croft .. • • • • • • •••••• , 7 10% 11 United Mexican ......128 2 8%, 6% —5% MISCELLANEOUS. Canada ••••••• • • • • • 32% 42% —44 Gen. Steam Navigation.(( 14 26% —27 Perin. & Oriental Steam. 50 89% —BB Royal Nail Steam .. •• .. 60 73 —74 78% SI cx. d. [We cannot be answerable for the errors of the Official Lists, and will not be influenced by interested correspondents.] [We cannot be answer will not be influenced by MONEY and COMMERCIAL NEWS _ CITY, TWO O'CLOCK. Yertaday was a close holiday in the Liverpool Cotton Zdarket and Stock Eichange. The periodical trade reports, brimful of staqsties and ractical remarks, pour in upon us in force and volume that would of themselves 'impress upon us, were we otherwise unmindful of the fact, that the year 1850 had given place to a successor. Upon textile manufactures, taw staples, shipping and public securities, we have every information nod we cull the requisite portion.: — Messrs. 'rouge, Curry, and Co., of Liverpool, write as follows:—" It gives us pleasure to be able to state that the amount cf tonnage sold exceeds that of 1849; being 81,028 tons against 78,212, for 1849, showing an increase of 3.6 per cent. At the same time there is a falling off in the number of ships sold, being 211 against 221 in 1849, equal to 4.52 per cent. This does not include foreign ships, of which but three have found purchasers during the yaar, although the arrivals from the continent show an increas, of nearly double, which in 1849 were about 360, and in 1850 nearly 700. Very few have been placed • en the matket, and such as were at all worth notice, with a limit of price that must remove all anxiety from our colonial i rieuds on the ground of competition. Among them were 'some French:craft, wholly unfit for English employ. The number of secondhand British vesels sold has b-en unusually large, a great propor tion of which have been taken for California, and which new source of enterprise has proved a moat opportune cutlet for vessels that have spent the best of their days in more regularly established trades. "Nw British ships have fully maintained our last quotations; indeed we have felt the want of a larger ~upply of good vessels of 500 to 650 tons register, which would have met a ready sale at fair pliers, if at hand. We have also had much inquiry for good vessels of this size, having from four to six years to remain A. 1, but have not found owners of such disposed to sell. It some of the v ace's of this °less, s.) long kept on the stock for sale at the outports, were finished and sent round here under Baltic oul fit, a quick return might be calculated upon. _ _ _ . . • " The number of ships launched and in course o, completion iu our pore; this year is 20, tonnage computed 7,409. against 8, computed at 2,800, in 1849, which, however, are built to order. As regards steamers, there is an increased icquiry for latlth paddle and screw boats, the former for tl,e cattle carrying trade, and, we pre sume, in anticipation of the expected increased corautup tion during the ensuing summer." Messrs. Wright, Young and Wright, of Hull, state:— "We have much pleasure in• again laying before you our annual review of some of the principal features of interest to you in the commerce if Hull. The past ,ar has not been remarkable for any peculiar activity in cur trade; indeed it will be seen by reference to the annexed tubles, the imports of most articles of produce exhibit some deficiency compared with the previous year. "The tcnnsge of vessels liable to dock dues, which onto red this port in 1850, amounts to 812,554, showing au excess upon that of the previous year of 27,966 tons; but this apparent, dieceepancy with the imports is ex plained by the steamers having been only partially loaded deiring thebetinanser el:tenths. :" 0:n a:VeNdan oedaSion we were Lel to anticipate gradual s iniproiernent - nn our trade, commeliaatato some-degree eaith the-increased facilities reeeutly af fofded ;• as regards - the' past year, however, in Must be o , snlgsed Oiticipation has not been realized, tlie amount of--imports business transacted showing, as above reinarked;qt direinution when compared with that of 1849 e enuses*re not of a permanent or irre rnedieble character, and we yet venture to predict that,- if the true policy be pursued—that of meeting,oppcsing interests by timely and liberal concessions to thsatrading and shipping interests, in the prompt remove! of all un necessary obstructions, whether in the shape of over charges or otherwise, this port will not only stand its ground, but continue to increase in a ratio perhaps little short of that of the preceding ten years. " A considerable agitation, with a view to a reduction of the port charges, has not been attended with any in mediate result; but it is to be hoped that the wishes of merchants and shipowners, naturally desirous of preserv ing end increasing their trade, as well as of benefiting the port at large, will be ultimately gratified; in that case affording, in addition to the ample dock accommo dation already provided, rates and charges of a reason able character. The alterations already made by the Dock Company in rates of wharfage and granary charges, have been considerable, and attended with pro portionate advantage. The aggregate amount of imports furnish, a us with correct data whereby we may note the past as well as review our present position; and we freely hazard the opinion that the contemplated reductions are ealled for to enable us to compete successfully with rival ports, possessing as they do the advantages of a low scale of charges to the fullest extent. " The substitution of steam-vessels for sailing ships, which has been called into existence by the demands of the day for dispatch and facilities for business, is gradu ally altering the character of our shipping. The decline of the ship-building trade is perhaps in some measure a natural consequence of this change; yet, as the ports in the North are by degrees extending this business, it would rather seem that Hull does not aspire to eminence iu a department for which it is in many respects so well qualified. The almost total failure of the Northern Whale and Seal fishery last season was very discouraging to those embarked therein; and, following the ill experi ence of several previous years, will no doubt serve to re strict still more its pursuit for the future. " The seed crushing trade, an important branch here, was carried on to its usual extent, but, owing to causes explained in some of our accompanying remarks, without adequate remuneration. "The import business in Corn in the early months was generally profitable; but subsequently, owing to con tinued dull markets with low prices, was too often other wise; upon the whole complaints are not numerous, and sanguine expectations are formed that a more satisfac tory state of things will follow with the now year. "From the commencement of the military movements in Germany a sensible deficiency in our exports to the continent was observable; the effect was not so striking in reference to the imports, but even here they no doubt operated prejudicially. Now, however, that all fears of a war have subsided, a revival may be looked for, and to this port the preservation of peace cannot fail to be be neficial in an emicent degree." From Glasgow Mr. B. Ferguson advises us— "lt may not bo out of place to remark that, notwith standing the increased stock of pig-iron, the withdrawal from circulation of a large quantity of scrip has alrea - :4 very much reduced the available iron in the market; and, should the scrip system be permanently discentheued, there seems no reason to doubt that, when speculators have satisfied themselves with their dealings in pig-iron, the practice which obtained previous to storing and scrip having been adopted, wilt again be re sumed, and that business in this article will be transacted on the same principle as in other departments of cora merce. "By latest advices from America, no measures had been taken to alter her tariff, and should no change take place in this respect, a good demand may b e ex pected from that quarter; and the contrary should her impose a high specific duty on imported foreign Our home demand is good as a whole, legislature iro ge neral requirements of the country next year will nd probability dual, if not exceed, those o f 185 0; a the in all did the Continent of Europe present the same phases, the hopes and prospects of the iron trade would be more encouraging than at any time during the last two years, and all interests concerned must concur in the desire that its revival may not be far distant. "The market has been well supported these two weeks, both pig and manufactured iron being in better request, the former I quote 445. 6d. net cash, f.0.b.; bars, W. 7s. ed. to 5/. 12s. 6d; and plates, 71. les. to 8/. 55., hiss 4 per cent. discount for cash." Messrs. Joseph Robinson and Co., of Liverpool, state upon the subject of oil: " The market is dull and the sales limited, speculators are holding with firmness, but recent imports are offered at current rates; a few purchases can be had at 10s. per tun lower, if taken from the quay. " Although the past year's records are without great variation, yet a brief review may not be found uninter esting, inasmuch as the outline will show that the trade is in a healthy and flourishing position, that importers and consumers have little to fear for some time hence from a depressing change, and unless an uaforeseen event occur in the political condition of the world, the circumvolution of nembinery and increasing commercial enterprise, will continue unabated for the general bene fit. It is with a degree of satisfaction we notice that the bright anticipations predicted in our last annual circular have been fully realized, as to a bountiful and uncetriug demand, proving that this country has materially be nefitted by the late continental agitations; all must ad mit that the internal state of other empires, shaken to their centres with commotion, operated disastrously on their commercial arrangements, causing their millions to seek in peaceful England those fabrics, which could not be rendered amidst tumult and confusion. The open ing pert of the year, 1810, was marked with favourable indications, tranquillity reigned supreme, the mo ne y market was perfectly easy, with ever) facility shown in discounts, and confidence was strongly manifest in the expectation of a good spring trade, the realization of which, and the abundance of foreign orders, gave a fur ther impetus to consumption and increased the value c f the staple article; as month followed month the demand became more extensive, stocks became reduced in all the the markets, end as a natural consequence prices con tinued to advance; the rise was gradual until November, w hen the warlike aspect of affairs between Austria and Prussia checked the demand for a short time; however the amicable settlement of the pending question be tween those two great powers soon had its effect, and caused higher rates and an active businees to the close. 17% 10% % 13% ya 10%%s 11 11% 1214 2% 1 0 6% i 2% % 78% 14 'Ai )si [Yr% 58 1 i 57% 11% 123% 124 k 20% . 76 794 , 2 'S dis. 47% 43 473 5 ;3 .2 0 1 .. •• • 2% -• 3 )0 21 —23 13 —l4 die. I 16 —l7 I 44 M 8% 9 5 —5% L 73 8% —B% dis. i 0 17 -17% :5 41% - 42% IN 7%- 8 % 1). ,8 18% —19 U 61 A 7% — 7 % 2% 1 1M p. 15 13!;, 14 64-15 d 2% 5 3 6 —51 i 2 3 5 —4% die, 8 9 1 , —lO -- 13 - _614 :0 9 —lO 1 1 L dls 0 13j 14 6 3 — 3 1 A i 0 14 —l6 sv 11 --13 3 , 4 dis, 10 23 10 I 10 122 -23 3 21. dis.l 3% 1 .. - dis. 9 I 9 17% •• —•• 13 7% --6% dis, !O 3 i 0 16% lit 20% - 21% 1'7% 7% .•- -•• g -IN 44 43 'Pli - 19 !O I ffi —GU dls 9 . 3% dis. l 7 16 —l7 53%-4% )O . .. i 0 22% 22% 10 11,6 —74 dis. [GN. 2 -2g 8% -8% 15% - 16 4!g 411 1 dis. —1 Pm. U li Pm. '' 34 Pni. 1 -1U 2% -2% 8 15 —15% 4% 4 lis. 31 —36 27 1(1%-11 —3% ioL6— 93; dis. •ix - IN IC BANKS. 28 - 31% 42% - 43 9% - 10 25 - 25% 18% - I n 3 27-284 17N - 18 42 - 43 1, 4 1574 - 15% 333 -35 .. - .. 12% - 134 1 3; 4 x.d 5 x.d 9 N 9 % % 17% % 13% 14 7% 55% dis. 43i at FORE: 6 13 4 20 14 3 14 18X 19 22% 3 In Yorkshire, that great arena of manufacture, as Os) in other districts, general activity prevailed, but amidst this en outcry continued from period to period, that Wool was above its relative value, that manufacturers • could obtain no remuneration, that they must either close their mills or work short time; yet around till; scene of what might be supposed blank desFair, new mills were erected, teveral extended, and others still in progress of llrge dimensions, so that the curious have not to the present time been enabled to reconcile the appearances with the complaints; it certaialy is an in• tricate problem to solve. Remarks have been prevalent that importers are the parties who are the chief partici pators in the advantages obtained, it cannot be denied that they have not been remunerated, but by no means to the extent presumed; they have regularly met the market on arrival, and nut held for advancing prices. When it is considered that the means of transit are so frequent and expeditious, and the markets abroad sus- tube an iturediate proportionate advance, the importers may be said to have a mere t(mporary opportunity of gaining to ':rty great extent. A glance at the consump tion is necessary, because it is almost universally known that there never was so much of the raw material worked up in any previous twtiv,.., months, stocks were.cleared and purchases made to arrive for large parcels, the em poriums of the kingdom or reduced to a nonentity for a supply, importations and home growth productions seem to be inadequate to meet the inert wing require ments of the anizao, therefore, we deem it urgent to re- commend farmers and agriculturists to pay acme atten tion to this essential article of consumption. General observation has shown to us flat our hcme trade for manufactures has been good and much increased, bat on refer ring to the exports we find that more, by nearly one-half, was taken from our shores for foreign account last year, than the previous 3 ear, which was one-third of an increase en 1848; with such an augmentation of demand from abroad, the most sceptical must be con vinced that the rice in value is not of a superficial nature, but foureli d on the actual scarcity of the raw material. The imports to this u.teaket for the year number 79,959 bales, against 81,251 hales in 1849, showing a falling off of 1,292 hetes. Stocks on hand are exceedingly low; with such a deficiency in the market, considerable im ports are watited to meet the still increasing consump tion; present quotations will be no doubt fully supported, and an e eeoe in ere long, and unless timely arrivals inter fere, the value will become beyond all latitude. The A moil an President's lust Message', sad the undisturbed quietude ot the European powers, induce the belief that pacific feelings will be mteiniained, and that the onward course of truck will continue uninterrupted. The Mai,cheeter Piece,Goods Musket is thus described by Mr. G. F. i'slandley " At the close of the year I have the pleasure of re porting the very favourable position of this market, which so far, perhop , , as respects the employers and their operatives engaged in the great staple productions of this di,ti ter, is more eatiJsctory thanat any former pe riod since the revulsion commenced iu the latter end of 1845. Doubtless the year just closed would have been a period of prosperity but for the comparative scarcity and high price of the saw material. The action of the Factory Law has been very beneficial under the circum stances. It has tended to distribute employment, sad has kept in check violant and sudden advances in the price of Cotton. The rise in the value of Yarns and goods has been graduated, and during the yeas. there has been rarely any undue pressure of st ck or forced sales. S striding now on the verge of the new year, we find stocks of almost all descriptions of fabrics bare, demand fens rally active, and prices, notwithstanding the high rates of Cotter!, such as will afford an encouraging margin :o the producers of almost all kinds of our chief staples, anti mere especially of-yarns. For t ai,comparison of prices we mast revert to the prosperous year qr 1845 e when the low prices of food arising from tsbundant har vests let free a largo amount( of, capital, at low'crates of interest, for reproductive empleyment. At that period the prices of our 'chief' products very 'closely approximated to those now current, and our fac tories, print and dyeworks, bleach crofts,. &0., were vigourously euiployed during long hour's and with the advantage of much lower prices for Cotton, Dyestuffs, &c., than rule at present. I air pond a ccrnporativc table, showing prices at the period in 1845, just antecedent to the revulsion produced by the failure of the harvest of that year ; the current rates at the lowest period of 1848, consequent on the failure of the root and cereal crops, the rebellion, born out of famine, and the commercial bankruptcies ; to gether with the prices ruling at the close of last year and the present. F, ern the foregoing it will be observed, "Oat 'the Margin between the,ceSt 'of 'the raw material 'and ifie t slue of ihe reisMilfactureel . article; left $ 'greater return for profit to theetsreiducerin 1845,ahan is 'now afforded by the like estimate: Stank is believed - that spinners and manufacturer's .have good reason to be -content, as the economy of production ;Ma been much •imp - reved in the interval, and at; present rates, their in' „dusts . ) , and enterprise have,an ea"cauraging reward.. Coa `eaidering that ti e stocks of Yarne and *nods are' more bare than for many years past; that the4upply of Cotton from all quarters is scarcely likely to be' equal to OW wants of the corning year, and that the general condition and prospects el trade are eminently encouraging, 1t appears to be very probable, that a large business Will be done in this market during the corning year, at price; even still higher than those now ruling here." The accounts received this morning by the steamer Arctic from New York, represent the rate of exchang e on London as being high, viz., not, and 2,000,0 00 dollars had been received from California. Further tic' counts were coming forward. The mails from the continent are behind time, owing to the boisterous weather last night. The English Funds have been very firm, - and there have been fair dealings. Consols fer Account realise 96}. The New 1 hree- and-A-Quarter per Cents. are 968 t, so. Three per Cents. 97* to Bank Stock is firm 0 " 213 I T , and India Steck at 267 k. Exchequer-bills bans been 675., mi, India Bonds 764. premium. Foreign Securities have been quit t resin. Spanish Three per Cents. are 38t- to ex dividend. Venezuel a Bonds are 311. Mexican Stock is worth 351 and Grenada Deferred Bonds are 3i. Dutch Two-and - r Half per Cents. have been 578 to 58. Emile ay Shares have rather improved in value, ba t there is not much doing. The last week's railway receipts ascertained up to ibis day are in round figures as under:- 1850. 1849. Great-Western £14,844 .. 95,87 ... .£12.9 57 8, ~ North-Western 41,553 ... 37,18° South-Western 561 Bright®n Midland ..... 23,808 ... 28,9 2 " South-Eastern North Stafford Caledonian 6,469 ... 5,994 QUARTER TO THREE. Consols ... Ditto Account ••• ""'". ... 961 ONE rRICES OF BRITESII FUNDi O'CLOCK. Bank Stcck ...,.. 213 34 3 per Cant, Reduced A n's. ... 97434 Sew 334 per Cent. Anus. ... . "%MA f :cng Anus. to expire Jan.lB6o ...... India Stc-ck India Bonds, 1,0001.;.„....... — Ditto or:du 1,0004 „..... ....... Consols for Account 9 6%V/4 Exchequer Bills. 134 d. ta 2d 1 .oooi. June 6O p Small, June 57 60 p cr.osP PRIGS'2I3/ 97 9 8 714 2674 so P 60 P cLostiN6 116 ONE PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS. O'CLOCK. Grenada Bonds, 1% per Cent Ditto Deferred M :can, 5 per Cent. 1846, with Couponb— Ditto, Ex Jan. Coupons .... Ditto, Account .... ..... 35 % 1 4 Pe - uvian 13:nids. 4 1 A per Cent...... Ditto, Deferred S ash 5 Ccnt. 1840 an. per _ Ditto Account . Ditto. 3 per Cent Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent Ditto Deferred - 17:4 38% eic IMB ~cl. 3 114 1.1911d8 on the above payable in a.endon Dutch 2 1 4 per Cent., 12 Guild. ... 58 577 i 57% Ditt.). 4 pot Cent. Certifleatee... 91 90% 90 yo LLOYD'S SHIPPIN G.—( THIS DAY.) LONDON, JAN. 2.—lt blew a tremendous gale all 10 0 night, accompanied with terrific squalls. Wind at nO O l S., fresh gale, and cloudy.—The George and Richar d brig, of London, was lost on a tongue of sand nea t Monte Video; crew saved. HOLYHEAD, JAN. I.—The Shannon schooner, 6 1 Gillies to Liverpool, has been totally wrecked on the rocks at lihuselyn (?) during a thick fog last night; one boy drowned. KINGSTOWN, DEC. 31.—Arrd. Fairy Queen, Calcutta' ST. ANDREW'S, NEW BRUNSWICK., DEt7. 10.-01 El Dorado, of this port, bound to Liverpool, got agrou t !, 6th inst., came off on the flood, and filled; is dischargie % her between-deck cargo. QUEENSTOWN, DEC. 31.—Wind S.S.W., bloviio.g strong.—Atre. Duc de Brabant, Welde, Callao; Tnett.' Gregory, ditto; Lebra, Moir, ditto. A vessel with insall: roast gone, timber laden, waterlogged, and abandone d ' was seen 25th December. PORTSMOUTH, JAN. I.—Wind W.S.W. to S. / 41 4 blowing hard.— Off port, John Knox, Sydney, N. S. " LIVERPOOL. JAN. I.—Wind S. to W.S.W.—Arrd. tor, Harper, Callao; Jemima, Johns, Calcutta, left r c ' Helena 201 h November ; Schoodiac, Nichols, SavatinaPf experienced fine weather; Arctic steamer, New York. MARGATE, JAN. I.—The Speedy schooner of Gaeta' sey is on the Book of Margate Sand. MARKET NEWS.—(THIS DAY.) NY.117111,8T13 AND LEADEN/1A.1.0 With the exception of Mutton being in steady reque st at full prices, the general demand ruled very inactive: Beef, from 2s 4d to 3s 4d ; Mutton, 2s Sd to 3s 10d , Veal, 3e Od to 4s Od; Pork, 2s 6d to 4s per Sibs, by th e carcase. HAY IMILMILLTB. SNITITFIFEC.—Meadow Hay, 2 / lOs to 4103 ; Clover,' 31 Os to 41 2s ; and Straw, 11 Is to 11 Ss per loath Trade s 1 ady, at full prices. CusinLitt.A.rin. Meadow Hay, 21 lOs to 4/ 03 ,$ Clover, 3/ Os to 4/ Os; and Straw, 1/ 2s to 1 1 9 s per J oao. A full average supply, and a steady demand. WHITECIIAPEE. Meadow Hay, 21 81 to 31 1, 85 ,$ Clover, 3/ Os to 41 Os; and Straw, I/ Is to 11$s per l ea , Supply moderately good, and trade dull. MEAT MARIMILIi. HAILSHAM, JAN. I.—A very limited supply of stock was on offer to day, and which sold as follows:—Be e : from 3s to ; Mutton, 3s 6LI to 4s 6d; Pork, 33 to o 6d per Blhs. ARUNDEL, DEC. 31.—Prime Beasts and Sheep sold s e t full prices ; otherwise, the demand ruled heavy. ne'' from 3s to 4s; Mutton, 3s 4d to 4s 6d; Pork, 3s 2d to 3 5 63 per Slb3. CIIICIIESTER, JAN. I.—We had a slow trade to (10' yet late rates were well supported. Beef, from 35 to 45 76 96 ** - 354 ;71% 6% 'X 1G 14 1 2314 3 6 4