The Sun. — London, England, 1868-01-30 00:00:00

RAILWAY COLLISION. A. serums railway collision is reported as having taken place between two goods trains at Eassie station, on thb northern section of the Caledonian Railway ; fortunately, however, not attended with any loss of life. The goods train passing Forfar from the North a few minutes before eight o'clock in the evening, had been standing at Eassie station in order to have some waggons attached, when the through goods train passing Forfar at 9.15 came up at a great speed, and with great violence dashed into the train just mentioned. The consequence was, that the tail of the first train—consisting of six waggons, two goods vans, and a break van—were crushed to pieces, and the engine of the through-going train fearfully damaged. The engine-driver,!named David Nicol, residing at Perth, was thrown from his engine, and sustained severe injuries on the leg and side. No other person seems to have been hurt. The noise of the collision was heard at a distance of nearly a mile, and the number of officials and others were attracted to the scene thereby. The scene of the accident on the following morning was dreadful. On one side of the road lay the shattered remains of the waggons and/vans; on the other a ftw of the remains of the break van, which in the collision had been driven, one half to one side and another to the other, and which had been collected from the adjoining plantation. In the middle stood, or rather declined, the powerful engine, minus the tender and funnel, the latter of which had been driven off by the detached parts of the van. Ey this means also the casing of the engine was much bruised. The engine was one of the newest and most powerful in use on the line, and, judging from the extent of the damage it sustained and the number of wag gons smashed, the loss must be very great. The telegraph lines for the distance of half a mile were thrown down and destroyed, and the communication south of Forfar was suspended. Immediately on the occurrence of the acci dent becoming known, the line at Glamis and Meigle was blocked up, and a telegram was despatched to Perth for rosistance. In consequence of the accident, the midnight mail from Perth was nearly seven hours late at Forfar, and only a single line can be used between Glamis and Eassie. Little can be said regarding the cause of the accident. On the one hand, it is alleged that the signals at Eassie were clear, whilst on the other it is positively asserted that " danger " was announced on both lines. the injured engine-man was able to walk to Eassie, and "e morning to leave for Perth. 73HEACII OF PROMISE. An action for breach of promise, at the instance of Miss Fanny Pugh, against the Hon. William H. Bruce Ogilvy, 'Pas been tried in the Court of Session, before Lori Bar caple and a jury. Damages were laid at £5,000. The pursuer, daughter of a gentleman farmer in Wales, and 27 years of age, was, at the time of the engagement with the defender, employed in managing the Crewe Arms Hotel, at Crewe. In August 1865, according to the pur suer's statement, the defender stayed a few days at the hotel, and in the following October he returned to the hotel, and then paid his addresses to the pursuer. On his request Miss Pugh named Mr. Broughall, solicitor in Shrewsbury, as her attorney, and a note of instructions was given to Mr. Broughall to prepare a settlement, under ,which £5,000 were to be settled on the pursuer for life. On the 22nd of October Mr. Ogilvy wrote to the proprietor of the hotel, informing him of the intended marriage, and asking him to dispense with the usual month's notice from Miss Pugh. At 'a later date he wrote to Mr. Broughall stating that an obstacle existed to his marriage, but he afterwards admitted that this statement, namely, that he was already married to a lady in Scotland, was untrue. On the 20th of November some communication took place between the defender and Mr. Broughall as to -the revisal of the settlement, and on the 27th of Ne v-ember Mr. Ogilvy wrote from Edinburgh to the pursuer's solicitor, to the effect that he wished to be off with his en gagement, and asking how much the pursuer would accept as compensation. In reply to this, Mr. Broughall wrote to ask the name of Mr. Ogilvy's attorney, but had received no answer, and no more was known of the defender's move ments until April 1866, when he was married in Birming ham to Sarah Boyden, daughter of a late pew opener in the Jewish Synagogue there. The defender's statement of the, case did not materially differ from the above, but it denied that the breaking off of the engagement did any injury to the pursuer in her feelifigs or otherwbe, and averred that before the 24th of October he had made her aware of his unwillingness to marry her, and had subsequently written from Liverpool assuring her they would not be happy together, but would marry her rather than face an action for br •ach of promise. Witnesses were examined to prove the pursuer's statement, and also to skew that she had suffered in spirits and in health by the conduct of the de fender. Only one witness was called for the defender, Mr. Kermack, of Mackenzie and Kerinack, writers to the signet, Edinburgh, who deposed that his firm (who are agents for the Earl of Airlie and the defender) had no received the communication from Mr. Broughall as to the marriage settlement, which that gentleman said he had Lord Banal*, in summing up, expressed his vent. opinion that a substantial wrong had been done to the pursuer, and that the jury could give nothing less than substantial damages. After an absence of twenty-five minutes the jury returned a verdict for the pursuer; r:amages, £1,200. SINGLILAR ACTION. A curious action was lately bryught at the Greenwich County Court by Mr. Richar4l Thomas Freeman, surgeon dentist, of the Upper Lewisham-road, Deptford, against a male patient named Howell, to recover £1 for pro fessional attendance and damage done to property while having chloroform administered to him. Mr. Pook, solicitor, of Laurence Pountney-hill, City, attended for the defendant. It appeared that on the afternoon of Sunday, the Ist December, the defendant, while suf fering from neuralgia, waited by appointment upon the plaintiff to have two teeth extracted. Chlo roform was administered, and whilst under the effects of its second stage the defendant was stated to have jumped from his chair and to have behaved so violently as to upset a table, to spoil some books with ink, and to damage some instruments. At the urgent request of the defendant the plaintiff consented again to apply chloroform and to perform the necessary operation, which was effected ; but the defendant having refused to pay either for the plaintiff's proNsional attendance or the damage occasioned, • the present • action was brought. In cross-examination by Mr. Pook, the plaintiff denied that just previous to the ad ministering of the chloroform he placed in the hands of the defendant, whom he admitted to be a nervous, excitable, and timid man, " Philips's Life of Curran," and pointed to a passage in it on " The cold, dark grave," for him to read, it being contended by Mr Pook that, according to the authority of Dr. Snow, it was necessary, before administering chloroform, to allay the patient's fears, so that the chloroform might be inhaled while in a regular and tranquil state of mind, but which the reading of that which had been referred to was not calculated to produce. The defendant was sworn, and said that after first administering the chloroform the plaintiff left the room when he asked him not to do so, and that a 4male who was present told the plaintiff that he had forgotten to loosen his (defendant's) collar, and was neglecting to attend to the state of his pulse. The plain tiff left the room, and on his return, having felt faint, de fendant asked him not to administer any more chloro form, but seeing he had a bottle containing it in his hand, he succeeded in gathering strength to get up and to strike at the plaintiff, when the table was upset, and that then the plaintiff seized him by the throat and threw him over the chair, afterwards administering the chloro form and extracting his teeth. He had since suffered from a severe shock to the nervous system, having been upwards of two hours under the influence of chloroform. Although the female who waspresent was admitted to be the plaintiff's housekeeper, she was not called by him as a witness, nor 'did the defendant call a gentleman who accompanied him to the plaintiff's surgery and remained during the opera tion. His Honour gave ludgment in favour of the plaintiff with costs. IMPORTANT QUESTION AFFECTING RAILWAY TRAVELLERS.— The judge of the Mancheste r County Court has just given judgment in the case of Hall v. theLanea shire and Yorkshire railway Company. It wok; an action against the company for refusing to give the plaintiff a contract ticket. Mr. Hall, being in the habit of travelling daily on the defendants' line between Manchester and Old ham, used a half-yearly contract ticket. On the 30th of June last his ticket for the half-year expired. On the Ist of July, having previously applied in writing, plaintiff made application to the clerk for a new one. He was told that it was not yet ready, and that the old one should be used until it was. Plaintiff used it (applying more than once in the mean time for the new ticket) until the 9th of July, wl ea he was stopped by the ticket collector at the Miles Platting Station, taken before the superintendent' avid charged with travelling on the line without a ticket- I e7:planat:on was not accepted, and the upshot of the whele was that the company absolutely refused to give 11:m the ticket for which he had applied, and they threat ened to take legal proceedings against him. As they did not do so, however, he brought this action to raise the question of the legality of their refusal to give him a ticket. His Honour, i n hi s j u d gmen t, l a id d own th a t ra il w ay com anies were bound to carry all alike, and not to subject any articular person to any undue or unreasonable prejudice of advantage. Mr. Hall had been refused his ticket, and put to disadvantage as Compared with his fellows, without any reason at all. Judgm en t would therefore he given for aira. with costs. THE LATE EXPLOSION IN CIIIYA. REPORTED LOSS OF 800 LIVES. The rrankow Times, in speaking of this explosion, which took place on the morning of the 11th of December, says that it was composed of three distinct discharges, and from the direction of the report no doubt was left in the minds of the hearers that the powder magazines at Wuchang had ex ploded. A rush was immediately made for the locality of the magazines, when its site as well as a considerable area around was seen to be covered with one undistinguishable mass of blackened and smouldering ruin, whilst as far as the eye could see there was not a house or temple but showed signs of having been severely shaken from roof to basement. The streets were scarcely passable for the heaps of cldbris scattered about, and of every house there merely retrained the broken and disjointed framework, tottering threateningly over a heap of tiles, rafters, floors, furniture, &c., mingled in one tangled mass below. Immediately upon and about the site of the explosion there was of course nothing left standing, but the numbers of charred and mangled corpses lying about presented a sickening spectacle. A curious feature in the extraordinary scene was the number of bullocks standing about amongst the d6bris, alive and perfectly quiet, but utterly denuded of all hair, and in some cases of skin likewise. The powder is ground in mills turned by bullocks, and doubt less several were in harness and at work at the time of the explosion. The extraordinary part of the story, however, remains yet to be told. The amount of gunpowder lying in the Pao-,gan-keuh at the time of the explosion was but trifling, for, as a rule, it is never kept there when made, but forthwith removed to the magazine, called Yung-gan-koo, which is distant some 300 yards from the Pao-gan-keuh. On Wednesday this Yung-gan-koo is reported to have had stored in it 170,000 cattier of gunpowder, or about 100 tons foreign measure ment, and, curiously enough, although there was no communication between the two establishments, and the magazine was more carefully enclosed and isolated than the manufactory, the explosion at the Pao-gan-keuh by some means or other fired the Yung-gan-koo, and hence the third and most violent of the discharges which we all heard. The loss of life is put down by the Chinese at fully 800 souls, but it is to be hoped that this estimate is above the mark. The origin of the accident, it is reported, has been discovered by the mandarins. A number of workmen, it appears, had been occupied with their usual employment in the Pao-gan-keuh, and then retired to the room allotted for smoking. One man, contrary to orders, returned to work with his pipe alight, but concealed under his cotton garment, and it was whilst he was shifting powder that his pipe is reported to have burnt a hole through his robe, and caught some loose powder lying about him. The Hon. G. Denman, M.P., writes to the papers to deny that he has given an opinion to the effect that by the common law of England women possessing the necessary property qualification are entitled to the suffrage. All that he has stated is that the point is one to he argued. Mr. Coleridge, M.P., in presiding at the annual meeting of the Exeter Licensed Victuallers' Association, con demned our present system of granting licenses. 'With respect to the Permissive Bill, the hon. and learned gentle. man said no man would ever induce him to lend himself to anything which had the semblance of class legislation. When it was said that the man who wanted a glass of beer on the Sunday in a public-house was not to have it, he (Mr. Coleridge) asked himself the question, " How can I go to my club and take a glass of sherry, and at the same time consistently interfere with what, for aught I can tell, may be a most reasonable, proper, and excellent relaxation for the working man ? " It could not be said that the present system of licensing was at all satisfac tory. lie had practised as a barrister at quarter sea. sions, and, with all respect for constituted authority, he could conceive that the licensing system might be better conducted than by the magistrates at quarter sessions. The drunkenness of this country was most discreditable to it. Free trade with respect to the granting of the licenses had been adopted in one part of the country,. but he did not think that complete free trade would answer. The magistrates of Liverpool, declining their jurisdiction, had given licenses to all corners, and the results had been most disastrous. Lord E. P. Clinton, 'M.P., in addressing some of his con stituents at Mansfield, expressed his satisfaction at seeing that South Kensington was coming more into the country. London had hitherto monopolised more than its fair share of science and art. Closely connected with this question was the solution of the painful struggle between labour and capital. He had no objection to trades unions so long as they confined themselves to legitimate and proper objects. He saw no reason why the system of arbitration introduced into the hosiery trade should not be extended to other trades, and he trusted the time was not far distant when the employers and the em ployed would cultivate more intimate and friendly relations with each other. There were in this country, he regretted to say, two or three millions of people without any education, and technical education could make little progress until we had a more perfect and general system of primary education. The religious difficulty, he thought, had been greatly exaggerated on both sides. If the diffi culty were met in a charitable spirit, it melted away. The subject of local rating was, perhaps, beset with more diffi culty; but he felt compulsory attendance was absolutely necessary. In dealing with the testimony of the approver Mullany, the Times reminds the public that we have no right to as sume that what he says is true. Such evidence must always be taken with the very greatest suspicion, and should, indeed, be rejected unless it be generally confirmed by more independent and trustworthy witnesses. At the same time, every one will do justice to the energy and sagacity of the police who have investigated this crime. Their labours have been incessant since the hour of th e explosion, and it is hoped they will not be fruitless. Tho patient process of English law will, we have reason to hope, eventually carry punishment to the guilty. Whether it be these men or others who have done the deed, there will be uo relaxation of inquiry until all the truth is revealed. THE PRISONERS IN MAIDSTONE GAOL—Sine° the detention in the Maidstone Gaol of the three men apprehended at Deptford on a charge of complicity in the Fenian movement, it has been thought advisable to place a guard at the outside of the gaol building. For this pur 'pose a guard of eight county constables armed with six barrelled revolvers has been placed each night round the gaol ; but in the daytime the guard is reduced to four men. THE NEW FACTORY ACT. —The large increase to the duties and staff of the factory department having necessitated its reorganisation, two assistant inspectors have been appointed, and it has been decided that it shall eventually be controlled by one inspector-general and four inspectors. The sub-inspectors who have been appointed to the office of assistant-inspectors are Mr. Daniel Walker, of the Dundee district, and Mr. Joseph Ewings, of the Preston district. THE REFORM LEAGUE.—A public meeting, con vened by the council of the Reform League, has been held in St. James's Hall, for the purpose of advocating the re peal of the ratepaying clauses of the Reform Act, an equitable redistribution of seats, and vote by ballot. Mr. Edmond Beales presided, and commented on Mr. Hardy's declaration at Bristol, that he and his colleagues had de termined to fix the franchise upon a basis which they believed to be permanent and durable—namely, the pay ment of rates. Why, he asked, should this be the basis ? What was the virtue of this alleged permanent and durable principle, and why not give the franchise to every house holder without distinction, for there was not one house holder who did not bear his portion of the plblic burdens? One result of the ratepaying clause was the raising of rents by the landlords. Several resolutions affirming the necessity of amendments in the Reform Act were then proposed and adopted. MR. MILNEII GIBSON AND HIS CONSTITUENCY.— Mr. Milner Gibson addressed a large meeting of his con stituents at Ashton on Tuesday night ; the Mayor presid ing. The right hon. gentleman expressed his views on all the prominent topics of the day, his speech occupying an hour and a half. He believed our commercial difficulties were but temporary, and attributed them in part to our neglect to stipulate for free exchange in our colonies when we granted them self-government. He feared the new Confederation would extend the Canadian protective duties to the adjacent colonies. He criticised the manner n which the Conservatives had benefited by the Reform question. They obtained power by opposing Reform, and retained power by supporting it. By conceding household suffrage they virtually admitted themselves to have been more truly " educated " by the open advocacy of Mr. Bright than by the mysterious tuition of Mr. Disraei. Mr. Gibson characterised personal rating as a delusive attempt at restriction—th e £l2 county franchise to a limit that could not be maintained ; and the minority vote an unconstitutional innovation which he hoped would speedily be removed. After advocating the ballot as urgently re quired, he proceeded to review the education questions, and expressed his desire to co-operate with Mr. Bruce, preferring for his own part a rating system and secular schools. Respecting Irish affairs, lie would favour a closer union than ever with England. Ile would abolish the useless Viceroyalty. He deplored the undue ascendancy of classes in Ireland, and regarded Fenianism as the bitter fruit of Irish misgovernment, and of our mistaken course during the American war. He believed the Alabama controversy would be reserved for settlement by a new Government both in America and in England, who would be unpledged and unfettered by the past utterances of their predece3sors in office. The right hon. gentleman received a unanimous vote of confidence. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, JANCARY 30, 1868. ACCEPTANCES FOR THE SPRING HANDICAPS. The following appeared in our Latest Edition of yesterday evening:— LIVERPOOL GRAND NATIONAL STEEPLE- CHASE. WEDNESDAY, March 4. The Grand National Steeplechase of 300 sovs, added to a Handicap Sweepstakes of 25 Boys each, 15 ft., and 5 only if declared, &c. ; the second to receive 50 sovs ; winner of any steeplechase after the weights are declared, 101 b extra. Starting opposite and a quarter. 107 subs., Age st lb Flyfisher a 12 7 Buszke a 12 0 Chimney Sweep ... 6 12 0 Astrolabe a 12 0 Philosopher ... a 11 12 Lawrence (late Maelstrom) ... all 12 Hornet .. all 10 Alcibiade ... a 11 10 Daisy ... a 11 7 Shakspeare ... a 11 5 Northern Light b) a 11 5 Hall Court... ... a 11 4 Revolver (h b) all 4 Mario ... 6 11 4 Jack o' Trumps ... a 11 3 Benazet a 11 3 The Doctor ... a 11 2 Garus a 10 12 Pearl Diver ... a 10 12 Kingswood, byChit Chat ... ... 6 10 12 Huntsman'sDaugh- the stables, about four miles Li of whom pay 5 sovs each. Age st lb Plover ... ... a 10 10 Gladiator ... 5 10 10 The Nun... a, 10 10 Dr. Holloway ... a 10 10 Woodbury Hill ... a 10 10 Avenay ... a 10 9 Sincerity ... a 10 8 Horace \Valpoie ... 6 10 7 Sea Kiug a 10 7 Jupiter ... 6 10 7 Harcourt ... 10 7 The Lamb... ... 6 10 7 Moose ... a 10 7 Primrose 6 10 6 Tusculanum ... 6 10 6 Reporter ... a 10 6 Fan... .. 6 10 6 Captain Crosstree (late Charlie) a 10 5 Boadlo a 10 5 Musketeer... 6 10 4 Stourton (late Plu rality) 6 10 Mentmore a 10 4 King Arthur ... a 10 4 Charming Woman. a 10 0 Helen ... a, 10 0 Clansman ... 6 10 0 Slieve Came ... 5 10 0 Caustic ... ... 5 10 0 Thalassius... ... 6 10 0 Surney ... 6 10 0 Owen Roe... 5 10 0 Little Wideawake a JO 0 W. Clayton are subscribers, ter ... a 10 12 Despatch ... a 10 12 Niger ... 6 10 12 Silly, by Fitz-Gla diateur (bred in France) ~. ... 6 10 12 Tally-ho a 10 10 Archimedes 6 10 10 Tennyson ... 6 10 10 Port noyal a 10 10 Mr. C. Fermin and Mr. A. but did not name. THE CHESTER CUP. WEDNESDAY, May G. The Tradesmen's Plate of Two Hundred Sovs in specie, added to a Handicap Sweepstakes of 25 sovs each, 15ft, and 5 only if declared, Scc.; second to receive 50 sovs; the winner, after publication of the weights, of the Two Thousand Guineas Stakes or a 500 sovs handicap, 101 b; second for either, or the winner of a 200 sovs handicap, 51b extra, both including the winner's own stake. Cup Course, about two miles and a quarter. 139 subs., 58 of whom pay 5 sovs each. The highest weight accepting being Bst 81b, it has been raised to Bst 121 b, and the others in proportion. Age st lb Strathconan ... 5 8 12 Beeswing 5 8 9 Knt of the Garter... 4 8 9 Dalby a 8 8 Brown Bread 6 8 4 Goodwood ... 4 8 4 Ceylon 5 8 2 Special Tho 5 8 2 Patricien 4 8 0 Fervacques 4 8 0 Caithness ... 5 7 13 Viridis ... 4 7 12 Miss Havelock .. 5 7 12 Romping Girl ... 4 7 12 Fire-eater 5 7 10 Ackworth a 7 10 Fidelite .. a 7 10 Dwain Glvudwr ... 4 7 8 Honestish . ... 4 7 6 Grand Cross ... 4 7 4 Planet ... a 7 4 War 5 7 4 Lord of the Dales 4 7 4 Bracken 4 7 2 Abergeldie 5 7 2 Feodor 4 7 2 7 2 Sportsman 5 Redcap a 7 2 Seville ... 4 7 2 Proserpina 5 7 0 Aggravator ... 4 7 0 Captain Kidd ... 4 7 00 Thalia halia ..• 0 Clarice ... 4 7 0 Palisade ... 4 7 0 Treasure Trove ... 5 6 13 Beauty 3 6 13 Priest, The ... 4 6 12 Slieve Came ... 5 6 12 King of the Fairies 4 6 12 Breach The ... 4 6 12 Ailesbury 4 6 12 Ago st lb Minster Bell ... 4 611 Nelaton •.. ... 46 11 Att ac k colt 4 6 11 Gipsy King ... 46 10 Clown, The ... a 6 10 See Saw... 3 6 10 Scavenger... .. 4 610 Sister to Vedette... 4 6 9 Grey Stocking ... 5 6 8 Deceit 1... ... 46 8 Stokeley ... 4 6 6 Mercury ... ... 3 6 6 Lictor ... 3 6 6 Cauthlaen ... 4 6 4 S tra dbroke .. 4 6 4 Weather Star ... 4 6 4 Viscount St.Albans 4 6 4 Beanstalk ... 4 6 4 Contempt ... ... 3 6 3 Mariner The ... 3 6 3 Black Diamond 3 6 2 Weather Isle ... 3 6 1 Paul Jones ... 3 6 1 Bessy Dixon ... 3 6 0 Scotchman's Pride 3 6 0 Milton „., 3 6 0 Cork Jacket ... 3 5 13 Rhine Wine ... 3 5 13 Cecil .. 3 5 12 Fan 6 5 11 Alicia ... ... 4 5 11 Golden Gift ... 3 5 11 Papillon ... 3 5 11 Aquila ... ... 3 511 Demon ... ... 3 511 Beaudesert ... 3 5 11 Lais ... ... 3 511 Landscape .. 3 5 11 Eleonora ... 3 5 11 Viscount ... ... 3 511 Hammerton ... 3 5 11 CITY AND SUBURBAN. The City and Suburban Handicap of 15 sous each, 10 fi the last mile and a quarter. Age st lb Laneret 5 9 2 Knight of the Garter 4 8 10 Van Atnburgh 4 8 7 Hippia ... 4 8 3 Ceylon ... 5 8 2 Bhukhoolio 4 8 Abergeldio 5 7 12 The Corporal. ... 4 7 12 Special ... 5 7 9 Leases ... 4 7 8 Acttea 5 7 7 Nemea 4 7 6 Ines ... 4 7 6 Feodor ... 4 7 6 Cheltenham ... 4 7 Wild M00r... ... 4 7 5 Ilonestish ... 4 7 4 Goojerat ... 5 7 4 Lord of the Dales 4 7 3 Thalia ... ... 5 7 2 Fitz-Ivan ... 4 7 1 Lady Coventry 3 7 0 Germanique 5 7 0 Montagnard ... 4 7 0 All in the Dark 4 7 0 Miss Harriette ... 5 6 13 Fire-eater ... 5 6 13 Speculum ... ... 3 6 12 Belzoni ... 5 6 12 Capt. Kidd 4 6 10 Cauthleen ... 4 6 10 Lictor ... 3 6 10 Conundrum ... 5 6 10 Attack colt ... 4 6 9 The Breach ... 4 6 9 Tremble ... ... 4 6 9 Ravioli ... ... 4 6 8 Clarice ... ...4 6 8 Paul Jones ... 3 6 7 Caucasus ... 4 6 7 Numa Pompilius ... 4 6 7 Chelsea ... 3 6 7 Gipsy King ... 4 6 7 Proserpino 5 6 6 Grey S Locking ... 5 6 6 Vigorous ... ... 5 6 6 Mayflower ...4 6 6 Age st lb Vendome ... 4 6 5 Franchise ... 3 6 5 Contempt 3 6 5 Rabbit Trap ... 4 6 5 -ilauderer ... 3 6 4 The Parson 3 6 3 Bossie Dixon ... 3 6 3 The Dean 4 6 2 Kettleholder ... 3 6 2 Manoeuvre f ... 4 6 1 Redbourne... ... 4 6 1 Rhine Wine 3 6 1 Milton ... ... 3 6 1 Catton 3 6 0 Skipjack 4 6 0 Adam Bede ... 4 6 0 Clemenco ... 3 6 0 Chivalry 3 6 0 Lord Palmerston... 3 6 0 Weather Isle 3 6 0 Stradbroke 4 6 0 Lady Rosehill ... 4 6 0 Priority ... 4 513 Child of the Islands 4 5 13 Clairon 3 5 12 Russian Bear 3 5 11 The Returned ... 3 510 Brother to Knight of the Crescent... 3 5 10 Nyanza, ... 3 5 10 Lady Diana 3 5 10 Anthony ... 3 5 10 Vortigern 3 5 10 Eastley 3 5 10 Sour Grapes 3 5 9 Demon, 3 5 8 Citron 3 5 7 Corinne 3 5 7 Lucetta 3 5 7 Eleonora 3 5 7 Choral 3 5 7 Logarithm 3 5 7 3 5 7 Papillon 3 5 7 Pic-nic 3 5 7 Lionel 3 5 7 Licytunia 3 5 7 THE GREAT METROPOLITAN. Tho Groat Metropolitan Stakes (handicap) of 25 sous each, 15 ft. Two miles and a quarter. The highest weight accepting being Bst 51b, it has been raised to Bst 121 b, and the others in proportion. Age st lb Ceylon ... 5 812 Patrician ... 4 8 11 Hippia 4 8 11 Tynedala ... 4 8 10 Miss Havelock ... 5 8 8 Special ... 5 8 6 Romping Girl ... 4 8 5 Planet ... a 8 0 Feodor ...4 7 13 Fitz-Ivan ... 4 7 13 Thalia .. 5 7 13 Lord of the Dales 4 7 11 Aggravator ... 4 7 7 Germaniquo ... 5 7 7 Stephen Langton... 4 7 7 Montagnard ... 4 7 7 Captain Kidd ... 4 7 6 Midwife ... ..• 4 7 6 Jezabel ... 5 7 6 Nutna Pompilius ... 4 7 6 Gipsy King ... 4 7 6 Proserpina... 7 Nine Elms... ... 4 5 Clarice C au c 4 u s 1 77 7 : 2 Safety L S t i o c t k o e r l e y 4 3 7 7 2 1 Powderbam 6 7 0 Attack colt 6 13 3 6 13 Franchise Chelsea ... 3 6 13 Age st ]b Guy of Warwick gelding 4 6 : 13 Rhine Wine ... 3 6 11 Manoeuvre filly 46 11 Maid of Kent g _ 4 6 11 Child of the Islands 4 6 11 Fortunio 4 6 11 Adam Bede 4 6:10 Angus 3 6 10 Mariner ... 3 6 9 Clemence 3 6 9 Black Diamond 3 6 9 Milton 6 6 9 Clairon ... 3 6 6 Weather Isle ... 3 6 6 St. Albans 4 6 6 Demonstration ... 3 6 5 The Returned ... 3 6 5 Nyanza „. 3 6 4 Carnage 4 6 4 Bessie Dixon 3 6 3 Thorndyke 3 6 3 Aquila ... ... 3 6 3 Papillon 3 6 3 Logarithm ... 3 6 2 Blueskin 3 6 0 Wellow ...3 6 0 Picnic ... ... 3 6 0 Adamant ... 3 6 0 Demon ... ... 3 6 0 Iturie ...3 6 0 NEWMARKET CRAVEN MEETING, 1868. NEWMARKET HANDICAP. The Newmarket Handicap of 25 sous each, 15 ft. From the Starting-post of tho R.M. to the end of B.C. 69 subs. The highest weight accepting being Bst 21b, it has been raised to Bst 121 b, and the others in proportion. Age st lb Ceylon ... 5 8 12 Miss Sarah colt ... 4 8 12 Miss Havelock ... 5 8 10 Longchamp3 ... 4 8 8 Leases ... ... 4 8 8 Brown Bread ... 6 8 7 Flying Scud 4 8 6 Feodor 4 8 4 Bertio 5 8 3 Moleskin ... ... 4 8 2 Stephen Langton... 4 7 10 The Peer ... 5 7 10 Montagnard ... 4 7 9 Jezabel ... 5 7 8 S w eet Willie ... a 7 6 King Alfred ... 3 7 6 Porter's Knot ... 4 7 6 Paul Jones... ... 3 7 6 Lictor ... 3 7 6 Maid of Masham btu 5 7 6 Caucasus ... 4 7 5 Cauthleen 4 7 3 Pyrrhic 4 7 2 Age st ]b Attack c ... 4 7 2 Slanderer ... 3 7 2 G by Do Clare, out of Maid of Kent 4 Black Diamond ... 3 Guy of Warwick... 4 Angus ..• ... 3 Beauclerk ... 4 Adam Bede ... 4 Manoeuvre filly ... 4 Venomous ... 3 Signal filly ... 4 Demonstration 3 Blueskin 3 Nyanza 3 Cattle 3 Aquilla 3 Prince Regent 3 Handsome Jack ... 3 Lais Wellow 3 Bagpipe .„ 3 6 13 6 12 6 12 GREAT NORTHAMPI The Great Northamptonshire a Handicap Sweepstakes o two miles (96 subs). The highest weight accepti raised to Bst 121 b, and the oth Age st lb Beeswing 5 8 12 Ceylon _ 5 8 3 Mandrake ... 4 8 2 Romping Girl ... 4 8 2 Miss Havelock 5 8 0 Tormentor ... 5 7 13 Ackworth a 7 10 Christmas Carol 6 7 9 Nemec ... 4 7 7 Lord of the Dales... 4 7 6 The Rescue 4 7 6 Neroli ... 5 7 6 Wolsey 5 7 4 Lucifer 5 7 4 Ailesbury 4 7 4 Thalia 5 7 4 Feodor 4 7 4 Roquefort 4 7 3 Stephen Langton... 4 7 3 Wandering Min strel ... a 7 3 Captain Kidd ... 4 7 '2 Gipsy King 4 7 2 Jezabel 5 7 2 Beauty 3 7 2 Maid of Masham m 5 7 1 Nine Elms 4 7 1 Aggravator ... 4 7 1 THE LINCOLNSII The Lincolnshire Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sovs eacl Ago st lb Volunteer 9 0 King Victor 4 8 5 Historian a 8 2 King Charming ... 6 8 0 Feu Folk t... ... 6 8 0 Special ... 5 7 12 Mistletoe ... 5 7 12 Mount Palatine 5 7 11 Leases 4 7 11 Ulphus 5 7 10 Artesian ... 5 7 8 Indigestion 6 7 6 Wild Moor 4 7 6 Feeder 4 7 6 Narino ...4 7 5 Moleskin ... ... 4 7 4 Midwife ... ... 4 7 4 Skirmish ... 6 7 4 Clarice ... 4 7 4 Grand Duke ... 4 7 3 Proserpina ... 5 7 2 Rabbit, Trap ... 4 7 0 Czar ... 5 7 0 Paul Jones 3 7 0 Sweet Willie ... a 6 13 Vigorous ... 5 6 12 Hebe 5 6 10 'ONSHIRE STAKES Stakes of 100 sovs, added to )f 25 sovs each, 15 sovs ft ; ing being Bst 81b, it has been Lers in proportion. Age st lb Lord Hastings ... 4 7 0 Stradbroke 4 7 0 Montagnard 4 6 13 Proserpina 5 6 12 Cavalier 4 6 11 Safety 4 6 11 Attack colt ... 4 6 11 Red Riband ... 4 6 10 Hebe 5 6 10 Sister to Vedette 4 610 Leap Year 4 6 9 King Alfred 3 6 9 Guy of Warwick 4 6 9 Stokeley 4 6 8 Fortunio 4 6 8 Adam Bede ... 4 6 8 Belzoni 5 6 7 Angus .. 3 6 2 Purveyor 3 6 2 Black Diamond 3 6 2 Kettleholder 3 6 0 Weather isle 3 6 0 Golden Gift 3 6 0 Nyttuzl 3 5 11 Demon ... 3 511 Mariner ... 3 5 11 Elmira ... 3 5 11 Blueskin 3 5 11 IRE HANDICAP. of 100 sous, addod to a 10 ft. One mile. 79 subi. Age st lb Cauthleen 4 6 10 Red Riband 4 6 10 Valorous ... 4 6 10 Belzoni 5 6 10 Ainslie ... 4 610 Grey Stocking 5 6 10 The Squire ... 5 6 10 Beanstalk 4 6 5 Easby 4 6 3 Ligurian 3 6 3 Lady Diana ... 3 6 2 Rhine Wine ... 3 6 2 Purveyor 3 6 2 Bessie Dixon ... 3 6 0 Relivivus 3 6 0 Mais ... 3 6 0 Caprera ... 3 5 13 Demon ... ... 3 5 12 riammerton ... 3 5 12 Blueskin ... 3 5 9 Di Vernon ... 3 5 9 Snowdrop ... ... 3 5 7 The Pope ... 3 5 7 Our Mary Ann ... 3 5 7 Bumboat ... 3 5 7 Lady Zetland 3 5 7 ST. LIZ HANDICAP. The St. Liz Handicap of 15 sovs each, 10 ft. One mile and a quarter. 60 subs. Ago at lb' Lord Lyon 5 9 8 Lord Ronald ... 6 9 0 Lozenge ... 6 8 4 Romping Girl 4 7 10 Cheltenham ... 4 7 10 Mount Palatine ... 5 7 9 Leases ... ...4 7 8 \Volsey 5 7 8 Nemec ...4 7 7 Python ... ...4 7 5 Feodor ...4 7 1 Lady Coventry ... 3 7 0 Empress of India. a 7 0 Tremble ... 4 6 12 Thalia ... 5 612 Artesian ... 5 6 12 Sportsman ... 5 6 12 Montagnard ... 4 6 12 Ben Nevis... ... 4 6 12 Miss Harriette ... 5 6 12 Armourer ... 4 6 10 Louis of Hesse ... 4 6 10 Rabbit Trap ... 4 6 10 •- - - Age st lb Proserpina ... 5 6 8 Attack colt ... 4 6 7 Lady Lambton ... 4 6 4 Red Riband 6 4 Grey Stocking •.. 5 6 4 Slanderer ... . 3 6 4 Sister to Vedette ... 4 6 2 Adam Bede ... 4 6 0 Madrid ... ... 3 512 Kettleholder ... 3 5 12 Ligurian ... 3 5 10 Weather Isla ... 3 510 Demon 3 5 9 Pic-nic ... 3 5 7 Citron ... 3 5 7 Lady Diana ... 35 7 Snowdrop ... ... 3 5 7 Choral ... 3 5 7 Beaudesert ~. 3 5 7 Cotytto ... 3 5 7 I sc hia filly ... 3 5 7 Redivivus ... 3 5 7 Eleonora ... 3 5 7 LINCOLN GRAND STEEPLECHASE. The Grand Steeplechase (handicap) of 10 cove each, 5 ft, and only 3 if declared, with 100 added ; winners of a steeplechase of 100 sovs after the weights are published 81b, twice or 200 121 b extra; the second to save his stake. Four miles. 10 subs. The highest weight accepting being 12st Glb, it has been raised to 12st 71b, and the others in proportion. Age st lb Meanwood ... a 12 7 Gameboy a 12 1 Benazet a 11 11 Emperor 111. a 11 5 Emperor IL a 11 3 Doctor ... a 11 3 The Plover a 11 1 Reporter a 11 1 Bridegroom, by Pompey ... a 11 1 Wings of the Wind 6 10 10 Gladiator ... ... 5 10 10 Age st lb Overton ... alO 10 Greenland... Ely-by -Night (h b) a 10 9 Franciscan 6 10 6 The Lamb... ... 610 Sylph 6 10 1 Effie ... 6 10 1 Barbarian ... 5 10 1 Zinganee (h b) 6 10 1 Di an a ••• ..• 610 1 Bosco, by Promised Land ... 510 1 CIIELMER I The Chelmer Handicv of 15 lANDICAP. sous each, 10 ft. About ono ►t. 45 subs. mile, straigl The highest weight accepti raised to Bst 121 b, and the o Ago st lb Leases 1 8 12 Acttea 5 8 4 Artesian 5 8 4 Wild 803 G 7 Porter's Knot ... 4 7 Cavalier 4 7 4 Manaluvre f ... 4 7 2 Pyrrhic ..• 4 7 2 Sweet Willie a 7 0 Ettrick ..• 4 7 0 ing being Bst 81b, it has been tors in proportion. Age st lb Cautbleen 4 7 0 Ganymede... 4 7 0 Nannie ▪ 4 6 13 Melbourne... ... 3 6 6 Demon 3 6 6 Lady Pam.., 4 6 6 Thorndyke 3 6 5 Eleonora 3 6 4 Dr. Wilson 3 6 4 Moses ▪ 3 512 Grey Araby c 3 5 11 BIR)IINGHAM STEEPLECHASES. WEDNESDAY, Feb. 12. The Birmingham Gr and Annual Stee p lecha se of 15 sous eac h, 5 ft, with 100 added ; the winn er of any steeple chase noon,twice , er 2 5 0 1 0 h ; or any steeplechase soya, 141 b extra ; the value 1 after 0O s econd in any ste e p lechase value 200 sous, 51 b extra ; gen tl em en riders who are qualified u n d er th e new ru l es, and who have never ri dden the wi nner o f any handicap steeplechase, allo wed 51b (provided it does not reduce sous, Jan.s, 9 1b 27,; the weight under the limit of the National Steeplechase Rules); the second to save his stake. About three miles and a half. 66 subs. Ae at lb a Hornet 12 7 Mean w00d... a 12 5 Flyfisher ••• a 12 4 Gameboy a 12 0 Chimney Sweep ... 6 12 0 Sprite a 11 12 ••• Globule ••• a 11 11 Lawrence (lat e Maelstrom ... all 11 Benazet ••• a 11 10 Columbia .. ••• all 10 NorthernLight(h b) a 10 7 S laakspeare •..a 11 7 Sir William ... all 6 Tiger (h b)... a 11 5 a 11 3 Despatch ..• •.. The Doctor ... all 3 a 11 3 Gams •.. Tally-ho •.. all 0 Cabin Boy (11 b)... a 10 12 Archimedes ••• 610 12 Moose •.. alO 12 T e nnyson 6 10 12 "W ood bury Hill(hb) a 10 12 Pearl Diver a 10 11 King of Hearts ... a 10 11 Purt Royal, by Yellow Jack ... alO 10 Musketeer ... 6 10 10 Nothing More ... 610 10 Nun (h b) a 1 .0 10 Cartouche ••• a 1 0 10 King Arthur 6 10 10 L.S.D. ••• ••• alO 9 R u ngerford ... a 10 9 Bishopton 6 10 8 Age st lb Chesterfield 10 8 Corkscrew (h b) 610 8 Torn,byCocirington 6 10 8 Wild Duck (h b) alO 7 Knave of Trumps._ a 10 7 The Colonel 5 10 7 Greenland a 10 7 Grapeshot 6 10 7 Priestess, by Loyola 6 10 7 Havelock a 10 7 Cameo • a 10 7 Jacob • 5 10 7 True Heart 6 10 6 The Lamb... 6 10 6 Snowstorm, by Lord Fauconberg (h b) 5 10 6 Ilighfly er a 10 5 Troubadour 6 10 5 Under the Cloud alO 5 Charming Woman a 10 5 Risk „610 4 King Alfred ... a 10 4 Sea Kin g a 10 4 Sincerity, 'by Red Eme Hart lph a 66 1 1 0 00 4 00 Bo y sco 5 10 0 Albrighton (h b)... 6 10 0 The Switcher (late Lucullus) Topthorne., Diana a 10 0 a 10 0 Daisy The Cripple ::: 6 10 0 ... a (paid) ... a (paid) The following should have been published in the List:-- NEWTON, 1867. Manor Cup, won by Mr. Naylor's Grey Stocking. Mr. Green (Mr. T. J. Ilorncastle) na Vulcan. 5 soy. South Lancashire Cup, won by Mr. T. Dawson's Belmont. Mr. Green (Mr. T. J. llorucastle), na Vulcan. 3 soy. LIVERPOOL AUTUMN MEETING, 1867. Stewards' Plate, won by Mr. P. Smith's Flora. Mr. Greet's (Mr. T. J. liorncastle's) Vulcan. 5 soy. HORSES STRUCK OUT OF THEIR ENGAGE MENTS. Jan. 22, at 9 a.m., Oakapple, out of Grand Annual Steeple Chase at Warwick. Jan. 28, at 9 a.m., Bandmaster, out of all engagements. Jan. 28, at 9 a.m., Westmorland (dead), out of all en gagements. Jan. 28, at 9 a.m., all Mr. Flight's horses out of Lincoln engagements. Jan. 28, at 0.40 p.m.,King Victor, out of Lincolnshire Handicap. Jan. ..8 , at 0.40 p.m., Scavenger and Special, out of Jan. 28, at 0.40 p.m., Feu Ballet and Special, out of Lin coln handicap. _ _ - - Jan. 28, at 0.30 p.m., Red Riband, out of Lincoln handi cap. Jan. 28, at 4.25 p.m., R3leap, out of Chester Cup. The following assumed name has ben registered—Mr. Edward Dayor. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—HoIIoway's Ointment an d Pills.— Scarlatina Whooping cailatina Whooping Cough.—These diseases of earl y life are now causing fatal havoc amongst children. if Holloway's ointment be well rubbed upon the throat and chest in such cases the symptoms will be moderated and danger averted. Any intelligent person can effectually apply this soothi ng an d c l eans i ng re medy. A little atten tion to the directions enveloping each pot and box of Holloway's medica men t s wi ll en able any one to preventthe disastrous consequences daily arising from neglecting infantile disorders till it is too late, and the little sufferer refuses food and sinks. Holloway's ointment and pills should have a prominent place in every nursery and on every toilet table ; all that is pure they preserve--all that is harmful they pweep away. COMMERCIAL MORALITY IN AMERICA AND IN ENGLAND. (From the New York Nation.) An gc an ful exposure" of the moral condition of the mercantile classes in England, as illustrated by the trade frauds and banking frauds and railroad frauds which have been so numerous of late, ap peared recently in the London Spectator. It was a frightful picture, but it was a picture of a kind which the condensation required by periodical writing has of late made very common, in which all mention of modifying and redeeming facts, or counteracting agencies, is omitted. The mere enumeration of the repulsive phenomena of any society or of any crisis —such, for instance, as Dr. Mackay used to present to the readers of the Lon don Times during the late war—may be in every respect accurate, and yet may suggest very false inferences. To maize out a list of the frauds in the commissariat or quartermaster's department for example, and of all the desertions which were revealed in any one year of the war, and yet say nothing of the sacrifices made during the same period by individual towns to fill their quotas, or of the operations of the sanitary commission, or o the magnitude of the temptations to which COu tractors or employes were exposed, or of the diffi culties of organisation and accountability- in a service organised as ours was, would be at pre sent a very false notion of the condition of American society during the war. So also—although every word said by the Spectator of the dishonesty of the English business-world might doubtless be sup p orted by fifty hard facts—the whole picture of Eltiglish society presented by it is nevertheless, we think, misleading, inasmuch as we are told nothing of the agencies which are working against this dishavesty, or of the condition of that large portion of the ) com munity which necessarily has no share in tha grey mercantile frauds. The picture, however, derives a large portion of its interest from the fact that on the surface it seems applicable to all the great commercial. com munities of the world as well as to England --to all of them, at least, in which trade is based on the principle of competition. Nevertheless, there are certain reasons why it is more nearly true of Eng land than of any other country, or perhaps we should say than of this country, for this is the only country in the world with which Eng land, commercially considered, can be fairly com pared. In France and in Germany and Italy the principle of competition is not nearly so active, which is another way of saying that the men are less enterprising and more contented, though perhaps less honest at bottom than Englishmen or Americans—that is, they may cheat more readily, but they cheat spasmodically and on a small scale, rarely generally acd systematically. Such frauds as have been revealed in England of late, in which the management of railroads and other joint-stock enterprises has been, year after year, a kind of jug gling process, skilfully conducted for the spoliation of stockholders, are things from which most French men or Italians would recoil, as from taking the command of a seventy-four or charge of an astro nomical observatory. If such gigantic swindles are less frequent in this country than in England, it is not for want of enterprise or ability. The necessary skill and courage abound here ; in fact, abound here far more than in England. Moreover, the moral basis of American society is very similar to that of England. If the state of religious and moral ideas by which life in either country is re gulated be carefully overhauled, it will be found very similar on both sides of the water. The religious and moral training of men and women in the two countries is nearly the same in all - - _ classes ; amongst the classes who, in England, do most of the swindling, they are almost exactly the same. Yet there is no question whatever that the state of things which has been revealed in Eng land by the exposures of the last two years not only does not exist here, but cnnuot exist, even supposing the commercial morality of Americans to be no higher than that of Englishmen. Foremost amongst our re,isons for coming to this conclusion is one which will probably be questioned by seven readers out of ten on the other side of the water at least, and that is, that wealth does not st tnd so high amongst the prizes of life in America as it does in England, and therefore the pursuit of it is not so eager, and the mass of men engaged in the pursuit of it are not so unscrupulous. It is quite true that a far larger proportion of the population is eng toed in the pursuit of wealth here than in England, and a far larger proportion think and talk of nothing else. But on the other hand—and it is from this point of view that we must look at the matter in order to get at the moral results of wealth-seeking—the number of persons absorbed in the pursuit of wealth in Ame rica is very much smaller in proportion to the number and variety of ways in which wealth is to be won than it is in England. The resources of this country and the number of its fields of industry are far greater than those of England —great enough to employ and reward the energies of tenfold the population now employed upon them, putting aside altDgether any increase of resources or fields of industry from new discoveries or inventions. This na turally, whilst stimulating people to the highest pitch of exertion, makes the acquisition of a fortune seem very much less of an achievement here than it does in England or anywhere in Europe. We have no statistics in hand bearing on this subject, and we doubt if any exist that can be depended on. The income tax returns are very fallacious, for various reasons. There is one test, however, which is of considerable value, particularly as it is not a pre pared one, and that is the number of American tra vellers in Europe. There are very few of them who are not possessors of accumulated property, and, taking distance and expense into account, we think it is fair to estimate their number as bearing the proportion to the number of the English travellers of three to two. Wherever money is easily made, not only is a fortune of itself a comparatively small prize, but hope is very strong. These two facts of themselves are a constant check on unscrupulous ness—that is, on systematic and combined unscru pulousness on the part of organised bodies of men, such as has been revealed in the management of English joint-stock companies. Great frauds, like highway robbery, are the phenomena of a society in which the struggle is very desperate, and in which ease and luxury and social consideration are very hard to win. Not only, however, is wealth a greater prize in England than in America, owing to the greater difficulty in acquiring it, but it there puts within the reach of its poseessor certain social distinctions which are here unknown. Everybody knows that in England the ambition of the successful trader or speculator is not simply to acquire wealth, but by means of his wealth to escape from the class in which he was born and enter that of the landed aristocracy. He therefore, as soon as he can retire from business, either gets into Parliament or buys a landed estate, or both, and sends his sons to Eton or Harrow, and tries to marry his daughters to men of family or rank. In nine cases out of ten this game is not very s uccessful ; but . the one case in which it is successful is amply sufficient to cause it to be tried in the other nine. Now it would be difficult to give an American an idea of the attrac tions the position of a country gentleman with the entree of " London society" has for the British trader and his family. It contains for them all the happiness that can be had on this side of the grave, and some, perhaps, which they o ften despair of finding on the other side. Therefore, when an English commercial man is running the race for wealth, he is not striving, as the American is, simply for a journey in Europe, a large house, fast horses, and plenty of fine furniture, snug fortunes for his daughters, the mea ns of setting his sons up in business, a place on boards and charitable com mittees, and a little extra consideration amongst other business men ; he is trying to lift himself into a completely new worldto, enrol to surrhisonam und him- and self with new associations , e that of his remote descendants in another order of society, and to acquire for himself a portion of the deference which is paid to those who wear famous names or can boast of long descent. This is natu rally a tremendous prize : it affects the imagination as few prizes have ever done, and it is only in Eng land that it is offered. On the Continent there is nothing like it, 'There the nobility 113 either a close corporation, which cannot be opened with a golden key, or else there is nothing inside of it answering in social and political weight and dignity to the English county family. The moral effect upon English society of the state of things we have been describing is, of course, exe crably bad. It gives money an importance in Eng land such as it possesses in no other country on the globe, and inflicts on poverty a stigma such as no where else attaches to it. It makes all distinction of little or no value, certainly of no permanent va lue, without that of wealth. The successful author or artist or orator may shine for a season, but unless he has a fortune at his• back he may count confidently on obscurity or on loss of real consi deration, or on having all social or political advance ment denied him or made very difficult for him. It is the common belief in Europe that it is the custom of Americans to estimate everything i❑ money, and it is a belief for which there is, unfortunately, too much foundation. But there is, perhaps, no country in which men are less esteemed merely for the possession of wealth, and in which other sorts of distinction exact so much respect—not even France. We doubt if any country can produce as long a list of poor popular idols, orators, poets, historians, essayists, lecturers, and politicians. Many of them may be very sorry idols, it is true, but this is due simply to defects of mental culture and not of moral tone. The idols owe the worship they receive to the popular respect for talent or genius; and it is a worship on which the " social position" of the idol exercises no in fluence whatever. One other cause of the prevelance of systematic swindling in England —we are not now talking of the small frauds of the shopkeepers—is the want of what is called " knowledge of business" on the part of the great mass of the population. There is in England, as in every aristocratic country in which there is at the same time a large mass of ac cumulated capital, a very large body of persons be longing to what may be called the " gentle class," but to which there is here nothing to correspond—. daughters and younger sons of good families, half pay officers, professional men with small fortunes, independent of their professional incomes ; people such as those whom Hawthorne describes as forming so large a proportion of the inhabi tants of Leamington. They all have money to invest, and are entirely dependent en their in vestments for their means of livelihood, but they are brought up in an ignorance of " business," pro perly so called, of its processes, conditions, and of everything relating to accounts, not only rare in America, but of which few Americans can form any idea, and it is an ignorance which, instead of feeling ashamed of, they hug and glory in, as the mark of a certain social position. In this class there are, moreover, thousands of women not only ignorant of business themselves, but having no male relative who is Much, if any, less ignorant. Their incomes are apt to be small, but they rarely attempt to in crease them, and when they do, as in seasons of great speculation like the last three or four years, are pretty sure to fall among thieves. The investments of this class in railroads and joint-stock companies of various kinds particu larly banks—are enormous, and they furnish a prey to fraudulent directors and operators such as no rogues probably ever lighted on before, and such as rogues in this country never meet with. It is only in their simplicity and helplessness that we can find the explanation of the fact that the directors of large numbers of the English railroads have been able to go on, year after year, submitting " cooked" state ments and accounts, which the public and the stockholders felt satisfied were cooked, without knowing how to bring the knaves to justice. The Economist mentioned recently the case of one road the directors of which mean to be honest, but who, knowing well that the public will not believe a word they say, have been forced to solicit a determined enemy, Lord Cranborne, to become their chairman. We need hardly say that no directors could play a prolonged game of fraud. here. When one of our great industrial Bedouins wants to perpetrate railroad or other joint-stock jobs, he has to begin by buying up the stock himself ; after that he can, of course, play what tricks he pleases. If he left it in the hands of the community, he would find himself, as soon as his combinations began to work, followed up by a thou sand eyes as keen as his own. Half the widows even, amongst his intended victims, would know enough to expose him, and not one but would have a son or_brother or friend whom no balance sheet or report could deceive. The moral value of the wide diffusion of " busi ness knowledge," of familiarity with its conditions, requisites, and tests, and of the habits of mind which successful business men possess, cannot, we think, be overrated. The rarity of them in English society we look upon as one great cause of the appa rent rottenness of the English mercantile world. The very great diffusion of them here we look on as one of the greatest safeguards o f American so ciety, as the great cause of what we b th el n ie w v n e ri t d o b in e a fact, that there is no country in which the amount of fraud bears so small a proportion to the amount oftrust.llogues abound only where dupes abound, and igno rance is the soil out of which dup t es e The weak point of Americ an society is n indis position to visit knaves with heavy social penalties —but of this we have no s p ace to speak now. THE P.RESIDEN7 v. CONGRESS. A cock plucked of its feathers is a very sorry spectacle, and a President of the United States stripped of his power is not unlike it. Of all dig nitaries he is that one who can least bear the loss of power. If a President of the United States has no control over public affairs, he becomes a man placed on a platform as a target for mud-throwers, and quickly assumes the appearance of the white-washed and dirt-covered monument in Leicester-square, with a wooden leg and a crossing -sweeper's broom. The United States has refused to surround its Executive Chief with the paraphernalia of rank and dignity, feeling assured that, however simple and unassum jug in appearance, the world would respect the man and bow low before the representative of the mightiest nation on earth. Power made up for all that in old European countries gives prestige. it mattered not how humble was the origin of a Pre sident. Without title, without wealth, without fame, or a single deed associated with his name, a , . ptain ANDREW JOHNSON. during his tenure of office, became the equal of a NAPOLEOX or a NICHOLAS. But all this is undergoing a rapid change. A Presi dent of the United States will soon be a mere pup pet, holding an office which no gentleman would condescend to accept. Last Tuesday the House of Representatives passed a bill by 123 against 45 votes, declaring that there are no valid civil govern ments in the late rebellious States, and transferring all powers of appointment and removal under the Reconstruction Act from President JoHN SON to General GRANT, as Commander-in- Chief of the Army. ANDREW JOHNSON once took credit for not giving way to the temptation of proclaiming himself a CAESAR. Perhaps he now re grets his moderation, but at any rate he is not likely again to have the chance. He once undertook to be a MOSES, and to act for the children of HAM the part performed by that great leader for the children of Israel. That chance, too, is gone. But it may be hoped that in the next great historical character ANDREW JOHNSON selects he will be more success ful. Attaining to the Presidency of the United States, is a marvellous performance, considering the circumstances, but he owed his elevation to the bullet of the assassin. If Congress can pass and enforce any Act it likes, Mr. JOHNSON'S course in provoking a quarrel, and maintaining it to a point of such desperation, is little short of madness. It will not be easy to check Congress now that it is fairly on the road of usurpation, and the history of th e world has established the fact that such au assembly, unless effectully controlled, has invariably succeeded in centring all power in itself. Republics have always been wrecked on this rock, for such bodies will be found as ambitious, more unscrupulous, and more corrupt than individuals. They may act less promptly, but they act more surely, for they are unmoved by sickness, and little changed by death. The history of the English Howie of Commcnari is a record of usurpation, till it finally resolved, that it was the only power in the realm. Its course is most instructive. Either by fcrce or the gradual establishment of custom or precedent it absorbed to itself the rights of the Crown. Working in the other direction it slowly narrowed the suffrage, till the circle became confined almost to the families and friends of the members, and men walked about with half a dozen boroughs in their pocket. Under the plea of representing the people it succeeded against the Crown, while it effectually barred the people from any voice in the elections. It was not till the nation rose against their so-called Repre sentatives, and insisted on Reform under a threat of civil war, that the power was wrenched from the hands of the usurping landed proprietors. Congress, unless closely watched, will follow suit. If Mr. JOHNSON be stripped of power while in the Presi dential chair, all future Presidents will wear their insignia on the sufferance of Congress. The Secre tztries are said to be but the PRESIDENT'S clerks ; but thenceforth that PRESIDENT will only be a head clerk himself. Congress will centralize the Govern. meat at Washington, and in effect be the Govern ment issuing orders to a body of Executive officers. How. far this is in accordance with the Constitution may be judged from a glance at that document, which distinctly invests the powers of the executive in the PRESIDENT. The first clause of the second sec tion makes the PRESIDENT Commander-in-Chief of the Army and of the Navy, yet the Bill passed last Tuesday by the House seems to ignore this Consti tutional authority, taking from the PRESIDENT the power of interfering in the South, and handing it over to General GRANT, whom the Act styles Comman der in-Chief. A President, on taking office, swears . to defend the Constitution of the United States. Mr. JOHNSON has taken that oath, and he honestly believes that that Constitution is being destroyed by Congress. But what is he to do? lie stated in his Message, on the opening of Congress, that if he considered the necessity required it he would take the high responsibility of saving the life of the na tion at all hazards. If this meant anything, it sig nified his intention of defending the Executive power centred in him by the force of arms, if other means failing. What.power does the PRESIDENT possess of carrying into effect this threat? He has proved himself to be obstinate in adhering to his in tentions and opinions, and courageous in enforcing them. The telegraph has put us in possession of the three bald facts—the reinstatement of Secretary STANTON—the passage by the House of a measure requiring a majority of two-thirds of the Judges of the Supreme Court to render an act of Congress unconstitutional ; and this bill on which we now comment. How far has congress as yet gone in the direction indicated by the PRESIDENT towards the point at which he would resist by force ? The time is at hand when ANDREW JOHNSON must make good his threat or present the miserable spectacle of the plucked cock.- -Anglo-American Times. A COOL BAND OF BRIGANDS.—A band of 20 men, well armed and. mounted on horseback, a few nights since entered the village of Fuentelsaz, not very far from Madrid, and attacked the house of Don Mar cos Martin, one of tho richest landed proprietors of the locality. They sacked the premises from top to bottom, and killed the owner's son-in-law, who happened to be sleeping there, and who made some resistance. Tb e repeated shots fired by the assailants roused the whole village, but no one rendered any assistance, as who the state of siege had been declared all the weapons were taken away. The robbers retired quietly with their booty, but eleven of them were the next day arrested. PROPERTIES OF THE METAL ALU3IINIUM.—.AI the last meeting of the New York Lyceum of Natural History, Professor Henry Wurtz, well known as the discoverer of the peculiar value of sodium amalgam for amalgamating gold ores, read a very interesting paper on some newly discovered properties of the metal aluminium, an abstract of which we find in the American Journal of Mining as follows :—" The author's numerous experiments upon metals with sodium amalgam have revealed to him new and surprising propers of aluminium, the most abundant metal (as he says upon.the earth; and promising to be the most valuable. These ne-,v phenomena once discovered, may, however, be readily reproduced without the aid of sodium, and they were exhibited to the Lyceum by Professor Wurtz, repeatedly and in various forms. He first pointed out the wonderfully exceptional nature of aluminium, never found native, and so hard to detach from oxygen ; yet, when detached, manifesting uo more disposition to recombine therewith than gold. His new discoveries solve this paradox perfectly. He first proved that the surfaca of the metal is passive to quick silver, as he has before shown in native gold, iron, &c., but that, wholly contrary to common belief, the internal pa: is of a piece of aluminium absorbpure quicksilver with avidity ; so that a piece of rolled sheet is thus quickly split into component lamina). Tha internal surfaces thus en filmed with quicksilver, he thou proved to possess most surprising new properties. On exposure to air they at once take fire spontaneousl3 , and burn with evolur tion of heat ; a coating of hydrate of alumina), as a bulky, feathery, or filamentary mass, being formed with a growth so rapid as to be visible to the eye, and under the lens wonderful to beheld. To condense the discoveries of Professor Wurtz we give his new theory of aluminium, slightly altering the phrase ology for the sake of brevity. 1. Normal aluminium is in the electro-nogative or passive state, corresponding to "passive iron," for example. 2. Quicksilver induces an abnormal, active, or electro-positive state, precisely corres ponding to normal sodium and potassium. His experi ments have shown, as he has maintained in a previous paper, that no amalgam of aluminium is formed ; and this newly discovered absorption of quicksilver beneath the outer crust of the metal he believes to be per fectly analogous to the phenomenon of Professor Joseph Henry's celebrated lead syphon experiment, in which a solid amalgamated lead syphon conducted quicksilver in definitely through its internal pores from an upper to a lower vessel. Prof. Wurtz's deductions from his own theory are of high interest and importance. For instance, he holds the idea that we may confidently hope, as one of the re sults of investigations in this now field, to obtain a permanently passive form of iron ; a discovery which, if ever made, will be surpassed in practical value by few others; and he asks, why we should not now regard as possible the discovery of sodium and potassium in their passive forms, corresponding to ordinary aluminium—in which case these metals could be handled with impunity, and become articles of general commerce. Mr. Wurtz an nounces that his paper will probably appear in full in the next number of the American Journal of Science. [ ADV ERTISEMENT.]—Henceforth no one will doubt the valuable properties of Du Barry's health-restoring Revalenta Arabica Invalids' and Infants' Food, since to the thousands of blessings it has already received from Invalids whose position had been deemed hopeless, we may now add that of his Holiness the Popo. whose health has been perfectly restored by it after thirty years of unsuccessful medical treatment. We quote from the "Gazette du Midi," July 25th :—" Rome, July 21, 1866.—" The health of the Holy Father is excellent, especially since, abandoning all other remedies, he has confined himself entirely to Du Barry's Revalenta Arabiea Food, of which he consumes a plateful at every meal. It has pi oducecl a surprisingly beneficial effect on his health, and his Holiness cannot praise this excellent food too highly." We extract a few out of more than 68,000 cures:—Cure No. 58,216, of the Marchioness de Brehan, of seven years' liver complaint, wasting away, debility, nervousness, with a nervous palpitation all over, bad digestion, constant sleeplessness, and the most intolerable ner vous agitation. Cure No. 1,771: Lord Stuart de Decies, Lord Lieutenant of Waterford, of many years' dyspepsia. N 0.49,832 : " Fifty years' indescribable agony from dyspepsia, nervousness, asthma, cough, constipation, flatulency, spasms, sickness, and vomiting.—Maria Joly." Cure No. 46,270: Mr. James Roberts, of Frimley, Surrey, of 30 years' diseased lungs, spitting of blood, liver derangement, and partial deafness Important Caution. — Beware of the many unsavoury and more than sloppy imitations to which, without authority Baron Liebig's name is most auda ciously attached In tins at Is. lid.; 1 lb., 2s 9d.; 2 lbs., 4s. Gd,; 5 lbs. lls.; 12 lbs., 225.; 24 lbs., 40s.—BARRY Do BARRY and Co., No. 77, Reget-street, London; also Fortnum and Mason, 182, Piccadilly; and at 61, Gracechurch-street; 4, Cheapside ; 63, 150, and 289, Oxford-street; 330, Strand; and all grocers stud chemists. Births. BROWN—On the 28th inst., at 39, Clarges-street, Lady Brown, of a son. KENT the 28th inst., at Horne Villa, London-road, St. Alban's, the wife of Thomas Kent, of a daughter. SEDLEY—On the 28th inst., at Berkeley Lodge, Alpha road, Regent's-park, the wife of Commander J. Sedley, of a daughter. Marriages. RYLAND—BIDDLE —On the 28t1; inst., at Haddenharn, Isle of Ely, Mr. Joseph E. Ryland, of Mildtnay-park, Lon don, to Emily, daughter of John Biddle, Esq. SCA RLETT —Low—On the 27th inst., at Sun Vale, Wm. J. Scarlett, Esq., Captain sth Draoon Guards, to Hen rietta Katherine, only daughter of John Low, of Sun Vale, Kihuallock, Esq., D.L., county Limerick. Deaths. BETTINGTON —On the 27th inst., at Fern House, Clifton, Joseph H. Bettington, Esq., aged 55. BERNARD—On the 27th inst., at Cheltenham, William R. Bernard, Esq., M.D., aged 76. HAuursoN—At the Rectory, the Rev. T. T. Harrison, rector of Thorpe Morieux, aged 70. JODRELL-0 n the 27th inst., Edward Jodbell, Esq., of Baylield Hall, Norfolk, late Captain 18th Royal Irish, and Major West Essex Militia, aged 54. PEMBERTON—On the 27th inst., at Prospect Villa, Laugh -- ton, Essex, Busick R. Pemberton, Esq., aged 60. PULLEY—On the 28th inst., at 366, Strand, J. H. Tulley, musical director of the Theatre Royal, Drury-lauot aged 54. London : Printed and Published by WILLIAM ANDREW S ' of No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tun SUN Oahe, No 111, Strand, in the Precinct o f th e S av oy, in tho Count? of laiddlOata...-Thurattay, January 10, 1868.