The Sun. — London, England, 1850-12-10 00:00:00

mile and a half broad. The tomb is a sad affair for such a man; it has an inscription upon it denoting that I it was erected by John Strutters, marble mason! It is placed under a glaring red building, something between a coach-house and a cage; the Senate had once procured the consent of the family to have it removed to the ca pitol, when a bricklayer, a labourer, and a cart arrived to take it off one morning, at which their indignation na turally rose. There are few) hings remarkable in the house, except the key of the Bastille sent by General Lafyyetts to General Washington, and a sword sent to him by Frederick tbet Great, with this address, " From 1114 general of the sue to the best." I m ade a raid jitalrney, by steamboat and railroad, through the sales of Virginia and North Ca rolian; 111.. e Malay wore a universal impress of eelluitutitiom clesertiost slavery. I spent a fortnight at Chat - kilt:A, the capital of her more energetic sister, South Ourolina. This town and state may be Tasked upon- as the head-varters of the slave-holding interest. lam bound to say that I spent my time there very pleasantly; therm was much gaiety and unbounded hospitality. I have made no disguise of what my opi nions upon slavery were, are, and ever must be; but it would be uncandid to deny that the planter in the sou thern states has much more in his manner and mode of intercourse that resembles the English country gentle men than any other class of his countrymen; he is more easy, companionable, fond of his country life, and out of door pursuits. While I was willing not to shut my eyes to any of the more favourable external symptoms or mi tigations of slavery, other indications could not come across my path without producing deep repugnance. On the very first night of my arrival I heard the deep sound of a curfew bell; on inquiry I was told that after it had sounded every night about nine o'clock, 110 coloured per son, slave or free, mark that, must be seen in the streets. One morning, accordingly, I saw a great crowd of coloured persons in the sireet, and I found they were waitingeo see a large number of their colour, who had been taken up the night before on their return from a ball, escorted in their ball dresses from the gaol to the court-house. Indeed it was almost principally with relation to the free blacks that the anomalous and indefensiale working of the system appeared there to de velop itself. I was told that the slaves themselves looked down upon the free blacks, arid called them rubbish. I must not omit to state that I saw one slave auction in the open street, arising from the insolvency of the pre violet owner: a crowd stood round the platform, on which sat the auctioneer; and beside him were placed in succession the lots of frond one to five negroes. The families seemed to be all put up together, but I imagine they must often be separated; they comprised infants and all ages. A 3 far as I could judge, they exhibited great incelference to their changing destiny. I attended a meeting of the convention of the Episcopal Church of South Carolina. Whether it may bo for encouragement or werning to those w ho wish for the introduction or re vi el of such synods at home, I mention the point then unclsr ditcutsion. I: was—How far it was proper treshow deference for the opioioa of the bishop. Ie . point of riseteess, cleanliness, and order, the elave-holdieg states appeared to stand in shout the 'same relation to the free ' a.- Irelaeid dries to England. Everything appears elet sely, ill-arraeged. incomplete. Windoes do not flp, doors do not fasten. There is a superabueti acc,3 of bends to do everything, and little is thoroughly done. [His Lordship having left Charleston arrives at the ITaNaneah after a voyage of 12 days.] How en chtne ! , 3t; to the senses at Meet were the three weeks I ep nt in Cuba! How my memory turns to its pieta resciee .eenes and balmy skies. During my whole stay, the d.eionometer scarcely varied from 76 deg. to 78 deg. in the shads. lam disposed to wonder that these re gions are not Isidro resorted to by ens country men for erjerneet of life and escape from death. Nothing was ever so Unlike either Europe or America a; tho Ila vennih; at least I had never been in Spain, the mother country, which I suppose it most resenables. The courts of the gleaming white houses have a - Moorish look, the - into-risers ere much covsred with arabesques, and on the outeide tewards the street they have immense open tasatess tar windows, in which they generally find it sup;'; aeons to put any glass; the carriagre uro called volautee, and look as if they hail been intended to carry Dan Qiixote. Then how delicious it used to be, late in the evening, under a moonlight we can scarcely imagine, to sit in the square called the Place of Arms, where, in a space flanked by some gleaming palm trees and four small fountains, a gily crowd listened to excellent music from a Spanish military band. It is certainly the hatelsoreest town I saw in the new a. orld, end gives a great idea of the luxury and splendour of Spain in her palmy days. The billiard-rooms arid ice-saloons streamed with ligho; the great theatre is as large and brilliant ES almost any in Europe. Again, how full of interest were some visite I paid in the interior both to Spanish and Aoaericen households. I cannot condense my impres sions of the scenery better than by repeating some short starves which, with such influences around me, I could net help perpetrating. I hope that, while they bear winless to the iatexicating effects of the landscape and the climate, they do nut wholly leave out of view the at ' tendant moral:— Ye tropic forests of unfading green, NVlire the palm tapers, and the orange glows, Where the light bamboo weaves her feathery screen, And her tall shade the matchless seyba throws: Ye cloudless ethers of unchanging blue, Save as its rich varieties give way To the clear sapphire of your midnight hue, The burnished aline of your perfect day. Ye tell me not my native skies are bleak, That, flashed with liquid wealth, no cane-fields wave; For Virtue pines, and Manhood dares not speak, And Nature's glories brighten round the Slave. A rnong the country houses I visited was the sugar estate of cue of the chief creole nobles of the island—(l do not know whether my hearers will he aware that the proper • meaaieg of a creole is a psrion of European descent • born in America). I was treated there with the most unit ve-a, tcoos ; and what a view it . was from the terrace of golden corn-fields, and fringing wools, and azure sea! The treatment of the domestic slevee ! , rpe. , .tred kind and affectionate, and all the negro children on the estate repeated their catechism to the rrieet, and were then brought in to dance and romp in the drawing-room. Generally there doss not appear to be the same amount of repulsion between the white and coloured races as in the United States, and there is the pleasant spectacle of their being mixed together in the churches. Still the crying conclusive fact remains, that the average negro population died off in ten years, and had to be recruited by continuous importations, which • are SO many breeches of the solemn treaties between Spain ,and us. On one coffee estate which I visited-- and generally the coffee cultivation is far lighter than that of the sugar cane—a still darker shade was thrown - upon the system, as I was told from a most authentic source that there was great difficulty in preventing mothers from killing their offspring. General Valdez, who was captain-general of the island during my visit, is thought to barn exerted himself ho nestly in putting down the slave trade. I believe it has been as much encouraged as ever under some of his successors. [Lord Carlisle, after al luding to tho state of political parties in Cuba, describes his departure from the island and arrival at New Orleans.] The good I have to say of New Orleans mutt be chiefly confined to the St. Charles Hotel, which is the most splendid of its kind that I saw even in the - United States. When it is at its full complement 560 • thee there every day-350 of whom sleep in tho house; there are 160 servants, 7 French cooks; all the waiters whites, Irish, English, French, German, American. The very intelligent proprietor of the hotel told me he thought the Irish made the best; ho has them all together every day at noon, when they go through a regular drill, and rehearse the service of a dinner. I went from New Orleans to Louisville, on board the Henry Clay steamer. 1,500 miles, which lasted six days. The first 1,100 miles were on the Mississippi. (After a voyage of 400 miles up the Ohio his Lordship describes a visit that he paid to Mr. Clay, at his residence in Kentucky.) The qualities which rivet the Senate and captivate his ad herents seemed to me both heightened and softened by his frank, courteous, simple intercourse. He lives with his family in a modest house, among fields of deep red soil and the most luxuriant grass, growing under very thriving and varied timber—the oak, sycamore, locust tree, cedar, and that beautiful ornament of American woods, the sugar maple. He likes showing some English cattle. His countrymen seem to be in the habit of calling upon him without any kind of previous introduction. Slavery, generally mild in the pastoral state of Kentucky, was certainly seen here in its least repulsive guise; Mr. Clay's own negro servant, Charles, was much devoted to him ; he took him with him on a tour into Canada, and when some Abolitionists there wanted him to leave his master, " Not if you were to give me both your provinces," was the reply. My next halt was at the White Sulphur Springs, in the western portion of Virginia. The season had not yet 4 commenced, early in May, so I was in sole possession of the place. One of my southern friends had kindly placed a delightful little cottage at my disposal, and I enjoyed in the highest degree the unwonted repose in the solitude of virgin forests, and the recesses of the green Alleghenies. Hgre were my brief f arewe ll li nes t o th e small temple-like cupola over the bright sulphur-well from which I used to drink many times in the day:— Hail dome, whose unpresuming circle guards Virginia's flowing fountain ; still may health .Hover about thy crystal urn, and bring To cheeks unused their bloom ! may beauty still Dwell on thy billowy swell of wooded hills, And deep ravines of verdure; may the axe, Improvement's necessary pioneer , l!did forest so lit u d es, still gently Pierce, Not bare their leafy bowers! This votive i la Like wreath of o ld, on thy white columns s hung, Albeit of scentles s fl owers from foreiouo Scorn not, and bid the pilgrim pass in peace." I again turned my face to the west, and pas.sed Cincin nati, which, together with all that I sew of the State of Ohio seemed to me the part of the Union where, if obliged to snake the choice, I should like best to fix my . abode. It has a great share of all the civilisation and appliances of the old settled states of the east, with the richer soil, the softer climate, the fresher spring of life, which distinguish the west. It had besides to me the great attraction of being the first free state which I reached on my return from the region of slavery, and the contrast in the appearance of prosperity and progress is just what a friend of freedom would always wish it to be. I embarked at Chicago on the -great lakes; but here I must desist from pursuing my devious wanderings on those large inland seas, and on the opposite shore of Canada. Many thousands of miles have steamed away over Lakes Michigan, Huron, Erie', -Ontario; the Rideau Canal, the St. Lawrence and Ot tsaia rivers.. Some• of these I traversed twice, and they e dllast interesting and picturesque journeying's. I should have scru ouch upon the polities of Canada, saat any fixed spot were too short ie • attempt, - even if it had been de magnificeeteVegion: especially its .ppy in elimate, soil, and scenery. iy attempted to dash off two slight. inadhin Here is the terraced garden on the summit of a - or aP , t• -/ aatli y long _ sa to t , use. ' the mrt.r . NO —hal - tn 7 zaz Sla i 1 in a t high promontory, running with a steep angle into the basin made by the River St. Lawrence, of which it is no exaggeration to say that the water is as clear, bright, and above all, green as any emerald; here, upon I be lieve the most imperial site in the world, stand the cita del and city of Quebec; the shipping was lying in great quantity close under the rocky steep, and was dotted for a considerable way along the shining river; in front was the island of Orleans, well-shaped and full-peopled; ridge upon ridge beyond, ending with Cape Tourment, descended on the river; the shore on either side gleamed with white villages, and the town below seemed to climb or almost leap up the straight precipice, broken with high cement roofs and glittering tinned spires. The flag of England waved upon the highest bastion that crowned the rock, the band of the Queen's Guards was playing in the garden, the clearest blue of western skies was above my head, and rising above the whole glowing scene was the commemorative pillar to that General Wolfe, who on this spot transferred to usEnglishmen, by his own victory and death, and with the loss of 45 men, the mastery of a continent. [Lord Catiisle here sketched another scene, which he witnessed in the centre of Like Huron, on one of its countless islands.] Entering the United States again, I made a rapid journey by Lakes Champ lain and George, by Ticonderoga and Saratoga, historic names; spent four very delightful days in most attrac tive society in a New England village, reviewed the beauteous impressions of the Hudson, and taking leave of friends not soon to be forgotten, on the quay of New Ycrk, left the hospitable shores. You will have per ceived that in these desultory notes I have not attempted to pronounce any formal judgment upon the American people, or the great experiment they are conducting in the face of the world. The extreme diversity of habits, manners, opinions, feelings, rece. and origin, in the se veral parts of the wide extent of country I traversed, would render the difficulty, great in any case, of such an undertaking, still more subtle and complicated. The striking contrasts in such a shifting and variegated as pect of society make me feel that any such general and dashing summary could only be attempted after the fashion cf a passage which I have always much admired in Gibbon, where, wishing to give a fair view of the poetical character of Claudian, he sums up separately his merits and defects, and leaves his reader to strike the just balance. In some such mode it might he stated that North America, viewed at first with resen:ct to her natural surface exhibits a series of scenery, various, rich, and, in some of its features, unp-aralleled ; though she cannot, on the whole, equal Europe in her m3untain elevations, how. infinitely, does she surpass her in her rivers, estuaries, and lakes. This variegated surface of earth and water is seen undt r a sky warm, sofa and balmy in summer, clear, blue, and brilliant in all its latitudes, with a trans parency of atmosphere which Italy does not reach, with varieties of forest growth and foliage unknown to Europe, and with a splendour of hues in autumn before which painting must ile,pair. With respect to the moral aspect, I naturally feel the difficulty of any sue einc: or comprehensive summary infinitely heightened. The feature which is the most obvious, and probably the 'nest enviable, is the nearly entire absence, certainly of the appearance, and in a great degree of the reality of poverty; in no part of the world, I imagine, is there so much general ease, mad comfort among the great bulk 4 f the people, aed a gushing abundance struck me as the prominent characteristic of the land. It is net eeay to describe hew far this consideration goes to brighten he faee of nature, and give room for its undisturbed enjoy ment. Within a mere span of time, as compared with the general growth and progress of nations, the industry at once steady and persevering, of the in habitants, has cleared enormous tracts of fo rest, reared among their uetrodeea glades spa eiens a:el stetly cities, opened new highways through the swelep and the desert, covered their un equalled rivers with fleets of steam-boats and craft of every form, given an extension to cabals beyend all previous experience, end filled land arid water with lasting miracles of successful enterprise. Tile traveller, wafted with marvellous ease by steam heats and railways over prodigious spaces, cannot but indulge in what may ap pear a mere sups: ficial satisfaction at the accommodation he meets with in the hotels of the principal cities, which ere regulated on a scale and with a splendour and even cleanliness which he will find scarcely rivalled in the capitals of Europe. However absorbed in the pursuits of business, agriculture, and trcde the citizens of these young Republics may be, and though it would seem to be their obvious vocation in life to cultivate almost bound less wastes, and connect almost interminable distances, circles arenevertheless to be found among them in which in point of refined and egret able intercourse, of literary taste and general accomplishment, it would be difficult for the great capitals of the elder world to surpass; the bench and bar, as welt as other professions, can boast well of the solid and brilliant qu dities by which they are adorned; and while much occurs in Congress that must be deemed rough and uraTemly, the chords of high and generous feeling are frequently struck within its walls to accents of noble eloquence : in the universal fluency of their public speaking they undoubtedly surpass our seise,. In rural life I doubt whether the world east produce more examples of quiet simplicity and prospe rous conteut than would be found, I might say most prteninently, in the embowered villages of New Eng loud, or or the sunny valleys of Pennsylvania. I am sure that I am not wanting in rcspect for the operative classes of the district, but I cannot conceal from myself :hat the appearance of the female factory population of Lowell presents some points of favourable contrast. Among the more opulent portion of society, an idle man without regular profession or fixed pursuit is the excep tion which excites observation and surprise. The pu rity of the feraale character stands deservedly high, and society has been deemed by some to be rendered loss agreeable by the rigid devotion of the young married women to their households end nurseries. It is some.. thim: to have travelled nearly over the whole extent of the Union without having encountered a single specimen either of servility or incivility cf manner—by the last I intend to denote intentional rudeness. Elections may seem the universal business, topic, and passion of life, but they are, at least with but few exceptions, carried on without any approach to tumult, rudeness, or disorder ; those which I happened to see were the most sedate, un impassioned processes I can imagine. In the free states, at least, the people at large bear an active, and, I believe on the whole, a useful part in all the concerns of internal government and practical daily life; men of all classes, and especially of the more wealthy and instructed, take a zealous share in almost every pursuit of usefulness and philanthropy; they visit the hospitals and asylums, they attend the daily instructions of the schools, and give lectures at lyceums and institutes. I am glad to think that I may be treading in their footsteps on this oeca sion. I have already mentioned with just praise the universal diffusion and excellent quality of popular edu cation, as established especially in the states of New England, the powerful empire state of New York, and I may add the prosperous and aspiring state of Ohio. Without venturing to weigh the preponderating recom mendations or deficiencies of the voluntary system, 1 may , fairly ask what other communities are so amply sup plied with the facilities of public worship for all their members; the towns, old and young, bristle with churches; they are almost always well filled; the Sabbath, in the eastern and northern states at least, is scrupulously observed, and with the most unbounded freedom of conscience, and a nearly complete absence of polemical strife and bitter ness, there is apparently a close unity of feeling and practice in rendering homage to God. Though it would appear difficult, and most certainly be nn graeious, to paint the reverse side of such a country and such a people, a severe observer would not be long at fault. With respect to their scenery itself, while he could not deny that within its vast expanses it contained at times both sublimity and beauty, he might establish against a charge of monotony, to which the immense con tinuances of the same surfaces, whether of hill, valley, wood, lake, or river—the Btraght unbroken skirt of forest, the entire absence of single trees, the square parallelograms of the cleared spaces, the uniform line of gig-sag fences, the staring squareness of the now wooden towns, all powerfully contribute. In regard to climate, without dwelling on such partial influences as the malaria, which desolates the stunted pine-barrens of North Carolina, and banishes every white native of South Carolina from their rich-plains during the entire summer, the hot damps which festoon the trees on the southern coast with a funeral drapery of grey moss, the yellow fever which decimates the quays of New Orleans, and the feverish agues which line the banks of the Mississippi, it would lee impossible to deny the violent alternations of temperature which have a more general prevalence, and it is certain that much fewer robust forms and ruddy complexions are to be seen than in our own m ore even l at i tu d es . P ass i ng f rom t h e physical to the moral atmosphere, amidst all the vaunted equality of the American freemen, there seemed to be a moreimplicit deference to custom, a more passive sub mission to what is assumed to be the public opinion of the day or hour, than would be paralleled in many aristocratic or . even despotic commun i t i es . Thi s qu i et acquiescence in the prevailin g t one , t hi s comp l ete abne gation of individual sentiment, is naturally most percep tible in the domain of politics, but I thought that it also in no inconsiderable degree pervaded the social circle, biassed the decisions of the judicial bench, and even infected the solemn teachings of the pulpit. To this source may probably in some measure be traced the re markable similarity in the manners, deportment, conver sation, and tone of feeling, which has so generally struck travellers from abroad in American society. Who that has seen can ever forget the slow end melancholy silence of the couples who walk arns-inn arm to the. tables of the great hotels, or of the unsocial groups who gather round the greasy meal of the steam-boats, lap up the five minutes' mettle, come like shadows, so depart? One of their able public men made an observation to me, which struck me as pungent, and perhaps true, that it was probably the country in which there was less misery and less happiness than in any other of the world. There are other points of manners on which I am not inclined to dilate, but to which it would at least require time to be reconciled. I may just intimate that their native plant, tobacco, lies at the root of much that we might think objectionable. However necessary and laudable t f h i c in al iii b e u s s a in n e d ss ej o r f ele l s ife in the general devotion to habits of industry , and the prac mwhayichben,o grace,and tnhoou'cishharroth,erneo ttrac complishment are wanting, yet it cannot among the nation at large, be denied, that the empire of dollars Cent* csieseaya,tapnrdestheeatt butart a ma nd e a ti l fee l it b s ie ra a in nd o r f and material interests, holds Li very preponderating zl es li tr u i m et a e i d ii i t e ie fi s u e e xz e - . IF we ascend from social to political life, and from man ner; to institutions, we should find that th e en dl ess cycles of electioneering preparations and contests be carried on f or t h e most pa r ; walitthhoeuugthiththeeyrionitelys turbu.ence or overt b ribery by which they ere sometimes but. too notoriously disgraced among ourselves, s till leave no intermission f or repos e in the publich mind; enter into all the. relations of ex i stence; subordinate to themselves every other, question of in ternal and foreign policy; lead their public men, I ,will not say their best, but the average of them, to pander t h e worst prejudices, the meanest tastes, the most malignant resentments - of the people; at each change of adminiw tration incite the new rulers to carry the spirit of pro scription into every department of the public service, from the Minister at a great fer. , ign court to the post master of some half-barbarous outpost—thus tending to render those whom, functions ought to withdraw them the most completely from party influences the most unscru pulous partisans; and would make large masses welcome war and even acquiesce in ruin, if it appeared that they could thus counteract the antagonist tactics, humiliate the rival leader, or remotely influence the election of the next President. It is already painfully felt that as ' far as the universal choice of the people was relied on to secure for the highest office of the state the most commending ability or the most signal merit, it may be pronounced to have failed. There may be less habitual and actual noise in Congress than in our own Parlia ment, but the time of the House of Representatives, not without cost to the constituent body which pays for their services, is continually taken np, when not engrossed by a speech of some days duration, with wrangles apon points of order and angry recrimina tions ; the language used in debate has occasionally sounded the lowest depths of coarse and virulent acri mony, as the floor of the Legislative-hall has actually been the scene of violent personal rencounter. The manners of the barely eiviliz-d West, where it has been known that counsel challenge judges on the bench, and members of the Legislature fire off rifles at the Speaker as he sits in the chair, would appear to be gra dually invading the very inner shrine of the constitu tion. Having done justice to the strictness and purity of morals which distinguish many of the more settled por tions of the continent, it cannot be concealed that the reckless nctions and habits of the vagrant pioneers of the West, evinced as these are by the practices of gam bling, drinking, and licentiousness, by an habitual dis regard of the Sabbath, and by more constant swearing than I over heard anywhere else, fearfuily disfigure that great valley of the Mississippi, destined inevitably, at no distant day, to be the preponderating section of the entire Union. It is at this day impossible to go into any society, especially of the older and more thoughtful tarn, some of whom may themselves have borne an eminent part in the earlier struggles and service of the commonwealth, without hearing the degeneracy of modern times, and the downward ten dency of all things, despondingly insisted upon. At the period of my visit, besides the numerous instances of individual bankruptcy and insolvency, not, alas ! peculiar to the new world, the doctrines of repudia tion, officially promulgated by sovereign states, had given an unpteasing confirmation to what is perhaps the prevailing tendency among retired politicians. I have reserved for the last topic of animadversion the crowning evil—the capital denser—the moral plague-spot— sdavory. 1 have not disclaimed the origieal responsi bility of my own country in introducing and riveting it upon her dependencies; I do not disguise the portenteui difficulties in the way of adequate remedy to the great and growing disease; but what I cannot *hut my eyes en is, that while it lasts, it must still continue, in addi tion to the actual amount of suffering and wrong which it entails on the enslaved, to operate with terrible re action on the dominant class; to blunt the moral cenee, to sap domestic virtue, to degrade independent industry, to check the onwerd march of enterpri,e, to sow the seeds of suspicion, alarm, and vengeance in both internal and external intercourse, to,distract the national coun cils, to threaten the permanence of the Union, and to leave a brand, a bye-word, and a jest up,,ri the name or freedom.—(Loud applause.) Having thus endea voured without consciousness of nay thing misstated or exaggerated, though of much that is wanting and incomplete on either side, to sum up the good and the bad, I leave my hearers to draw their own conclusions from the whole. There are large ma tt rials both for approc al and attack-ample grounds both for hope and tear. Causes are occasionally at work which almost appear to portend a disruption of the Fe deral Union; at the same time a strong sentiment of pride about it, arising partly from an honest patriotism, partly from a feeling of complacency in its very size and extent, may tend indefinitely to postpone any such pregnant results; but whatever may be the solution of that question, whatever the issue of the future destinies eesigued to the great American Republic, it is impos Bible to have contemplated her extent, her resources, the raco that has mainly peopled her, the institutions she has derive 1 or originated, the liberty which has been their life-blood, the industry which has bee:i their off spring, and the free Gospel which has been published on her wide plains and wafted by her thousand streams, without nourishing the belief and the hope that it is reserved for her to do much, in the coming generations, for the good of man and the glory of God.—(The Noble Lord resumed his seat amidst loud and long-con tinued applause.) When the cheering had in some degree subsided, Mr. GOODMAN, Mayor of Leeds, came forward, and moved the following resolution:— " That the warmest thanks of this meeting be given to the Earl of Carlisle, not only for his two remarkable and highly instructive lectures, but especially for the empha tic intimation he has thus spontaneously and spiritedly given, that there is no social rank, nor official position, nor public eminence, however distinguished, that may not with honohr to itself recognise amongst its duties the promotion of these admirable institutions for completing the education, and raising the moral and intellectual character of the people." ' Mr. BECKETT, M.P., seconded the motion, which was ' carried unanimously, amidst enthusiastic applause. The Noble Earl briefly acknowledged the compliment, and the meeting then separated. MR. DISRAELI'S CHARLES I. Just ready, complete in 2 vols. Bvo., 28s. bound, THE LIFE AND REIGN OF CHARLES THE FIRST, KING OF ENGLAND. By J. DISRAELI. A New and Revised Edition, Edited, with a Preface, By B. DISRAELI, M.P. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. Orders received by all Booksellers. base, orselfish, could breathe at ease." Besides these, Lord CiRLISLE has a word of kindly recognition for ' Mr. BFYANT, the well-known poet, for Mr. Lorac- FELLOV, a writer more entitled to the epithet of bard, for Mr BANCROFT, the historian of his country, for Mr. licx.Nort, the ablest of the critics on Spanish authorities, for Mr. EMERSON, the distinguished lec turer tad essayist, and "last not least "for Mr. Peas coTT, the celebrated annalist, one of the brightest • names in the whole range of American literature. Glancing at the various towns and cities scattered over the newly-peopled continent, Lord CARLISLE sketches the principal amongst them in colours at once vivid and natural. New York he regards "rs some. thing of a fusion between Paris and Liverpool." Every one there seems to him " to be eating oysters all day long." Washington, called by somebody else " a city of magnificent distances," he describes as look ing like a spot where " it had rained houses at ran dom, or like half a dozen indifferent villages scattered over a goose common." Boston is an especial object of his admiration, and Philadelphia a wonderful place —where the streets, built at right angles with each other, bear the names of the different trees of the country, where the houses of red brick are adorned with marble door-steps and silver knockers—looking like a city built by Quakers, it is true, but by Quakers who have become rather dandified." Aided by these brilliant and animated word-pic tures, we are enabled to follow the Noble Lecturer throughout the whole of his prolonged and delightful tour, now in the rice-fields, now in the sugar or coffee plantations, now in the senate-house, now in the prairie, now on the Canadian lakes, now in the back forests during the days of autumn, when the gor geous colouring of the foliage is as bright as the dyes of a prism and as varied as these of a chamelion, a dying dolphin, or the plumage of a peacock. An enthusiast in the majesty of Nature, such as the Earl of CARLISLE is, by this time, gene rally known to be, could scarcely be expected to slur over a topic like the Falls of Niagara without some effort, however incidental, at description and pane gyric. One observation made by him on this some what hackneyed but altogether inexhaustible theme, is too excellent of its kind to be passed by without espe cial consideration. It is where, alluding to the remark that the cataract is not considered to be picturesque, he exclaims, " When on the spot you would no more think of complaining that Niagara was not pic turesque, than you would remark in the shock and clang of battle that a trumpet sounded out of tune." Again it is nobly said by the Earl, when pursuing the same thread of ideas, " Living at Niagara was not like. ordinary life; it's not over I;ud but constant, solemn roar has, in itself a mysterious sound : is not the highest Voice to which the Universe can ever listen compared by inspiration to the sound of many waters?' Seoing that the Noble Lecturer neglected in this portion of his discourse to quote the bold and beautiful verses written by himself to that great wonder of creation, it may not b 3 uninteresting to revive them here ourselves, coupled with these prose tributes of awe and astonish ment. The following, therefore, was the strain in which that nobleman, when Lord MORPETH, ejacu lated his homage to Niagara— " There's nothing great or bright, thou glorious Fall! Thou mayst not to the fancy's sense recall— The thunder-riven cloud, the lightning's leap, The siirring of the chambers of the deep, Earth's emerald green and many tinted dyes, The fleecy whiteness of the upper skies, The tread of armies thickening as they come, The boom of cannon and the beat of drum, The brow of beauty and the form of grace, The passion and the prowess of our race, The song of Homer in its loftiest hour, The unresisted sweep of Roman power, Britannia's trident on the azure sea, America's young shout of liberty! Oh! may the wars that madden in thy deeps There spend their rage, nor climb the encircling steeps, And till the conflict of thy surges cease The nations on thy banks repose in peace.' Quaint as well as beautiful delineations are crowded by Lord CARLISLE into his account of America, as where, speaking of the Cuban carriages, he says, " they were called volantes, and looked as if they were intended to carry Don QuixoTn." A multitude of interesting particulars are likewise squandered through the lectures—particulars such as the mention of the tomb of WASHINGTON above the noble Potomac, where are preserved the keys of the Bastille, sent to the Founder of American Republi canism by General LAFAYETTE, and the sword sent to him by the GREAT FREDERICM with this message, " From the oldest General of the ego to the best," as the accompanying compliment. If_TER MAJESTY'S THEATRE, a.m.. THE GRAND NATIONAL CONCERTS. THIS EVENING. The LAST WEEK BUT ONE of the present season. Mr. Howard Glover's Grand Selection from " HERO and LEAN DER," for the second time, this evening. _ _ Grand Selection from a MS. Opera, entitled" Hero and Leander," preceded by an Original Overture, composed expressly for three (`en certs, by Mr. Howard Glover. The principal parts will be sustained by Aldlle. Angri, Miss Poole, Mrs. Alexander Newton, Mr. Frank I3odda, and Mr. Sims Peeves, with a full English Chorus. Overture to William Tell - P.ossini. Grand Selectioh from llalevy's opera, La Tempesta—L. Negri. Lablteky's Quadrille of" All Nations." The Solos in " God Save the Queen," in the Great Quadrille of All Nations, will be sung by Madlle. Angri. The Military Bands, the Corps of Side Drums, and the English Choristers. Itossini's Stabat Mater will be produced To-morrow Evening. Musical Director, Composer, and Conductor—M. Belle. Conductor of La Musique de Danse—Herr Laisitzky. Promenade (admitting to the Half-Circles, Gallery} l 6 and Pit Stalls) .. .. • • _ . _ • .__ Whatever is repulsive in the United States' society the Earl of CARLISLE very suggestively and senten tiously attributes to—tobacco. Gcnerally speaking he appears to commend the aspect and bearing of the population. Compared with our own, he considers their frames to be less robust and healthy ; but if physically deficient in one respect, they are unques tionably superior to us in many others, moral and socially. Hear, for instance, that emphatic sentence pronounced by the NobleLecturer,vvhen he observes : "It is something to have travelled nearly over the whole extent of the Union without having encountered a single specimen either of servility or of incivility." Commenting, also, upon their capabilities of religious improvement, be remarks, with an air of delight, that amongst them is visible the truest and the largest toleration. This occurs, moreover, without the citizens having pledged themselves to the adoption of the voluntary system entirely—the Earl observing. upon this enlightened freedom—" There certainly is a breadth and universality of religious liberty which I do not regard without some degree of envy I" Various other topics are expatiated on with consum mate skill, and sometimes with incomnarable earnestness, as where allusion is made to slavery— that diabolical system of slavery which, in the United States, is " a brand,- a bye-word, and a jest upon the name of freedom," but further refer ence to these particular passages would be super fluous, seeing tliat all alike may read the detailed report of the lecture itself precisely as it fell from the lips of the lecturer. To him the country will not fail to look with increasing regard and admiration, now that tot he &Me of a lettered and liberal patrician he adds the glory of a true and practical friend of general education. The Doors open at Half-past Seven, and the Concerts Will com mence at Eight, and terminate about Eleven. Boxes and Stalls to be had at the Box-office, where Programmes of the performance n ay be obtained. Mr. Thomas Master a of the Polytechnic Institution, the Colesenm, and Royal Botanic and Zoological Gardens, will supply the Refresh ments and Wines, &c., So. The trial of the Abbe GOTIILAND and of Madame Du SABLON, for the alleged murder of the aged do mestic of the male prisoner, has been brought to a conclusion. After a protracted investigation, con tinued during many successive days, the jury returned a verdict of " Guilty, with extenuating circumstances," against the abbe, and acquitted the female of any participation in the offence. The con victed party was then sentenced to expiate the enor mous atrocity of which he had been con victed by hard labour in the galleys for life. The extraordinary and revolting circumstances attending the entire transaction, the intense interest excited in the public mind respecting every portion of the case, has led to the production of a more copious and detailed report of the proceedings than is usually given of criminal trials in other countries. We are, therefore, enabled to compare the practice and proceedure with what it would have been in England, under similar circumstances ; and we are convinced that the most ardent and enthusiastic advocate for legal reform will freely ad m it that so far as the administration of the criminal law is concerned, we are immeasura bly before our continental neighbours; that there is greater fair play shown to the accused, and conse quently less danger of the unmerited punishment of an innocent person, while there is at the same time a dignity and impartiality more becoming the solem nity of the occasion, which is never suffered to assume that dramatic appearance which is so percep tible in trials before the French tribunals. We do not find that searching cross-ex amination of the accused, that earnest desire to convict him out of his own mouth, to detect and expose his inaccuracies and inconsistencies, to browbeat and bully the person whose life is involved in the issue, which is calculated to prejudice the stupid innocent man, and to serve the clever scoun drel—to lead to the undue conviction of the former and the undeserved acquittal of the latter, while it deprives the beach of that appearance of im partiality which is so essential. The sole oh jeet—•of the presiding judge seems to be the conviction of the prisoner by any means, per f ag ant ne f as . In ,place of holding the scales -of justice with an even hand, .and accurately weighing the various circumstances for TAR SUN, LONDON, TEJESDA EVENINC-3, DECEMBER 10, 185 and against, favourable and unfavourable , and giving the accused the benefit of any reasonal doubt, he is made to act the pert of the me et strenuous and enthusiastic advocate for the prose cutkn. His words and opinions, therefore, do not pos sess that weight and influence that would otherwise attach to them. Unseemly theatrical tableaux, are got up for the purpose of interesting the juries in favour of the accused, and counteractin g the judge's charge : whole families accompany the prisoner to the tribunal, as if the innocent were on tr ial along with the guilty, that the sympathy excite , d in favour of the one may be extended to the other, while advocates, forgetting their true characte r and position, fling themselves into the arms of their clients, embracing and caressing the in ost atrocious criminals, and address them in terms of the most ridiculous and almost blasphemous adulation. We shall not now allude to the fact, s and circum stances of this most atrocious case. They have already appeared in extensa in cur col: emns, and the duty was sufficiently painful ani 'I disgusting, without unnecessarily recalling the horrible par ticulars. But we must express our este )nisinnent how any body of men could discover " ztenuating cir ' cumstances" in the conduct of the Abl )6 GOTHLAND• lie was either innocent or guilt, le If inno cent he should have been dismiss ed free and scatheless, without censure or pu•aishment ; but if guilty the majesty of the law s.la mild have been fully vindicated, and its extreme penal ty carried into execution upon one of the m , est atrocious miscreants ever called upon to answer for his crimes before an earthly tribunal. His offence was the highest known to the law, and effected by the most infamous means. It was wil ful, deliberate, and cold-blooded murder, secretly plan ned, while his victim was living under his own roof; with his own hands he drugged the poi meneci chalice, and with words of kindness and char ity on his lips, and a sympathising and benevolent smile on his countenance, delivered the fatal cup that was to consign the aged woman to a lingering and painful death. And what w: as the " ex tenuating circumstance" that she, teld mitigate the penalty justly attached to his outr: ige against the laws divine and human ? That he,,, an ordained minister of the Gospel, bad violated 1 he solemn oath of chastity which he had taken—tl net be was an adulterer as well as a murderer a base and treacherous poisoner. As to the alleged companion in his guilt, we shall not interfere with the verdie t, the merciful verdict, of the jury. She has be en exonerated from all participation in the crii ne. Let her receive the full benefit of the a fecision. Her feelings cannot, even under the in ost favourable circumstances, be very enviable. To s person of any degree of sensibility the exposure t hat has taken place—the ripping up of the most sec! !et transactions of her life, and the position in whiei the has been placed—must have entailed sufferings of no ordinary magnitude. We must, however, prot: !st against the assumption that the double crime et' suicide and murder, from which she was barely stescued, should be regarded as a demonstration of her innocence, and as arising from the natural ebullitions, of a sensitive and honourable mind when suffering i under the pres sure of unmerited suspicion and false 'accusation. It is scarcely necessary to allude to the admis sion of necessary evidence, and the bringing up the fellow-prisoners of the miserable man on trial to detail the gossip of the :gaol, and the trifling conversations and demeanour of the accused during his detention. They must be condemned by 'all right-minded men, who, .so far :is the criminal code of England is concerned, will join us in ex claiming with the Barons of Runnymede, " /Volumes leges Anglia mutari." THE FRENCH REPUBLIC We have received the Paris journalsof yesterday. The Journal des Debats, which on all 'natters re lating to the funds may be considered as a high au thority, has the following on the decree authorizing the sale of two millions additional of :Rentes "The announcement of this adjudication appears to have caused some surprise in the financial world ; it appears to us, however, that it was a thing which they rather ought to have expected. On opening the general discussion of the Beget, can the 18th July last, the Minister of Finance positively declared that he should not wait for the end of the year to make use of the power of selling granted to him by the law of 18th May. The funds in question, moreover, stood foremost in the number of r4.....-cos of which, in spi t • •••• forth the t,inancial plan of 1850, ho reeknoned on ay . iin ; himself, in order to . beep the floating debt : list limits. The different Bills for supple within ite recently voted, particularly that rela men tary c reditb' tive to the levy of 40,000 men, must have warned e these limits would be reached, if not exceeded. The min. :ster declares th a t it i s the opening of these several credits which has d ec id e d him to proceed to the adjudication, and his motive is evi dently just. There are two other caus:. 4 which might naturally influence him—the price of rente the ; se curity of offers of stock. He was right to avail himself of so many opportune circumstances." It would seem from the tenor of the following, which appears in the Constitutionnel, as if the Bona partist: were becoming aware that their .only chance of retaining power was by maintaining a republic, and that they now aimed, not so much at destroying as at corrupting republican institutions, so as to bend them to their own purposes. To parody the words of LA FAYETTE " they would fain make of the Republic the best of Empires." The article i s cur i ous , as showing the present tactics of the B onapar ti s t s . It purports to be a criticism on M. GUIZOT'S recently published works on MONK and WASHINGTON. The article con cludes as follows : We have only hitherto had two kinds of Republicans in France—those of 1793, who were demagogues, rational ists, insurrectionists, persecutors, and atheists; and those of 1848, who are socialists and communists. The republic of the one is as impossible and as in tolerable as that of the other. With such doctrines the foundation destroys the form. Doubtless a republic of Christians, of honest men, fathers of familier moral and industrious citizens, men, in short, who found their liberty on the respect due from one to the other, and who see in the law the common rule of order, peace, and civilization—such a republid may be established, may endure, and produce great na tions. The United States is an example; but, so long as immoral, sanguinary, spoiliatory, and senseless utopian schemes are connected with the Republican forms of Government, it will naturally alarm the world. Such is, therefore, the opinion which the history of our country gives us on the great and difficult problem pointed out by the publication of M. Guizot." The Bourse was animated, and Govenment Stock, which was offered at the commencement of business, rose considerably at the close. The Five per Cents. opened at 93f. 60c., fell to 93f, 55c., and rose subsequently to 94f. 30c., at which price they closed ; the Three per Cents. closed at 56f. 70c. ; Orleans Railroad Shares, 811 f. 25c. ; Rouen, 610 f. ; Havre, 242 f. 50c.; Great Northern, 462 50c. ; Avignon, 187 f. 50c. ; Vierzon, 385 f. ; Bourdeaux, 383 f. 75c. ; Paris and Strasburg, 341 f. 25c. ; Tours and Nantes, 242 f. 50c. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK EXCHANGE, DEC. 9. Central of France (Orleans and Vierzon), 3 1 4—Great Indian Peninsula, 1% —Luxembourg, 2—Namur and Liege, 7 1 4—Northern of France 14 1 h—Paris and Strasburg, 8% Rouen and Havre, 93/4. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. Mr. B. Webster, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Brompton. THIS EVENING, Will be performed EVE - ITY - o — N . E — h - i ' s HIS FAULT. Alter which A RADICAL CURE. To conclude with THE GREEN-EYED MONSTER. Krout, Mr, H. Bedford ; Amelia Rosenthal, Miss A. Vining, Luise, Miss P. Horton. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Under the direction of Madame Celesta. THIS EVENING, Will be performed a new and original Drama, entitled JESSIE GRAY. Characters by NT essra Hughes, Boyce, 0. Smith, P. Bed ford, Madame Celeste, and Miss K. Fitzwilliam. After which a new Farce called THE SCHOOL FOR TIGERS ; or, The Shilling Hop. Captain Kiteflyer, Mr. Boyce ; Major stiff, Mr. Worrell; Mr. Panels, Mr. Wright; Alexander Panels, Miss Chaplin. • To be followed by a new and original Farce, in the Vulgar 7ongue, to be called JACK IN THE GREEN; or, Hints on Eti quette. ROYAL PRINCESS'S TIIEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. Under the Management of Mr. C. Kea% and Mr. Keeley. THIS EVENING, _ _ Will be performed an entirely new Play called THE TEMPLAR. Characters by Messrs. Ryder, Fisher, Belton, Addison, Yining, Cath cart, Everett, C. Kean ; and Mrs: C. Kean. After which BETSY BAKER; or, "Too Attentive by Half." Characters by Messrs. J. Vining, Keeley, Mrs. Keeley, and Miss Murray. To conclude with TO PARENTS and GUARDIANS. Private Boxes, &.c., to be had of all the Booksellers, and of Mr. Massingham ; of whom also places may be taken at the Box-office, Oxford-street, from Eleven till Four o'clock. ROYAL LYCEUM THEATRE. Under the Management of Madame Vestria. Sole Lessee, Mr. Charles Mathews. THIS EVENING, Will be performed SIMPSON AND CO. To be followed by A DAY OF RECKONING. After which THE RINGDOVES. ROYAL OLYMPIC THEATRE. THIS EVENING, Will be performed THE HUNCHBACK. After which SPEED THE PLOUGN. ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Under the Patronage of her Majesty and his Royal Highness Prince Albert. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. W. Batty. Last week of the gorgeous Spectacle. Extraordinary series of attractive novelties. Second week of the Re•lyal of TURPIN'S RIDE to YORK. THIS EVENING, The Grand new Spectacle of THE ENCHANTED PALFREY; or, The Warrior of the Crescent. Together with Batty's Splendid Scenes of the Cirele, introducing the Magnificent Stud and Company of unequalled Artistes. The whole concluding with the Equestrian Drama (lbr the first Jrne these live years) of TURPIN'S RIDE to YORK. Box-Office open from Eleven till Four. Stage Manager, Mr. T. Thompson. CROSSING CITY THOROUGHFARES. A correspon dent suggests that a lighted subway with shops (which would soon pay expenses), should be formed under the street cross ing from Fleet-street to Ludgate-street, and another from Bridge -street to Farringdon-street, as the thoroughfare there is really frightful and dangerous. A previous correspondent suggested the formation of light foot-bridges above the streets for such thoroughfares. Both of these plans ha're before been discussed in our columns. Enormous as is the traffic in omnibuses and cabs, waggons and bullocks, along Fleet-street, at certain hours, it is even more so along King William-street and London-bridge. There, too, the street is considerably wider, without even a halting-place in the middle, where it begins to he at the worst, near the Monu ment : there any tedious attempt to cross at particular hours is, indeed, most dangerous and fearful. The obviation of risk to the foot passengers in crossing such thoroughfares, in whatever way effected, would be a most useful work, and is every day becoming more urgently necessary. Could not something be done before the hubbub of next year takes place ? Perhaps no improvement whatever will be more es sential than this. We hope that the projected alteration of London-bridge itself, for behoof of foot passengers, to which we have already called attention, is not being lost sight of. Builder . SPONTANEOU3 COMBUSTION IN A COIV.—An In verness paper says that last week one of the small tenants at Embo, county of Sutherland, having a cow swollen with over eating of turnips, Mr. Cohn Munro, manager, probed the animal, and as he performed the operation the farmer's wife stood over him with a lighted candle. The heated air or gas from the cow took fire at the candle, and blazed.up, to the no small astonishment of the parties. It Wa3 with difficulty extinguished, without doing material injury. LEGAL APPOINTMENT. — The oflieeof Prothonotary of the Court of Common Pleas, Dublin, -vacated by the resig nation of the Hon. Mr. Plunket (son of Lord Plunket), has, it is said, been conferred on Mr. Sausse, Q.C., and Crown prosecutor on the Leinster Circuit. The emoluments are 1,0004 a year. Mr. Sausse is a Roman Catholic. CAPTAIN CRAWFORD'S REMINISCENCES. lust ready, in 2 vols. post Bvo., with Portraits of Admirals Sir Ed ward Owen and Sir B Hallowell Carew, price 21s. hound, REMINISCENCES of a NAVAL OFFICER, WITH SKETCHES IND ANECDOTES OF CELEBRATED COMMANDERS. By CAPTAIN A. CRAWFORD, R.N. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-Street. Orders received by all Booksellers. Now ready at all the Libraries, in 2 vols., post Bvo., I L W 0 0 D. A NOVEL. " The author, we are convinced. is young, otherwise we could kardly see displayed such fresh and enthusiastic sympathy in be half of his heroes and heroines. Ile is a writer of genius, inspired by a high standard of morality and religion, an 4 by a laudable love cf the purest sort of fame. We gather this from the glowing lan guage in which he expresses his feelings, sentiments, and opinions on the subjects just mentioned. There are several chapters, in which links of the story are dropped, containing most eloquent essays matters that are the prima mobilia of the actions which cha racterise nature's nobility. The writer evidently belongs, though he has marked per se peculiarities, to the school of the Disraelis, Man aeries, and Smythes."—Observer. Silwood' is no ordinary work ; it contains passages of exceed ing beauty, and is written in pure and forcible language, with great good taste and power. It is one of the most interesting and en gaging novels which the present season has produced. Of the cha racter of Amelia Ross we have already spoken, and the extract we have given above is the surest voucher of the truth ef what we have ,aid. The other ladies who play conspicuous parts in the tale are Florence Howard, an intellectual beauty; Jessie Gordon, a wild and impulsive genius, passionately fond of music and poetry; and Julia Maitland, the noblest and best of them all."—Morning Post. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. Elegant Present. Will be ready shortly, price 7s. 6d. GOLD: a Legendary Rhyme. By ALFRED CROWQUILL. Illustrated with Twelve Outline En gravings, large oblong 4t0., handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges. London : J. and D. A. Darling, 126, Bishopsgate-street. Post Bvo., 7s. 6d., QIHIPWRECKS of the ROYAL NAVY, be tween 1793 and 1849. Compiled principally from Official Do cuments in the Admiralty. By WILLIAM 0. S. GILLY. Wita a Preface by WILLIAM STEPHEN GILLY, D.D., Vicar of Norham, and Canon of Durham. _ London : John W. Parker, West Strand 0 - Y - Eit'S GASTRONOMIC REGENFNATon, The Seventh Edition of this masterly Work on Cookery is now publishing, price 1/. To be had of all booksellers. For general opinion, see the whole of the public press, not forgetting the Frontis piece of " Punch's Pocket-book" for 1851. Published by Simplan and Marshall, Stationers' llall-court, Lud gate-hill, London. 110YAL AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY of - ENGLAND. The GENERAL MEETING of the Society will be held on SA TUBDAY, the 14th of December, at Eleven o'clock in the Forenoon. By order of the Council, JAMES HUDSON, Secretary. London, November 6, 1850. HIGLI TER Al LONDON BRIDGE Tins DAr —'donning 45 rain. after 5 Evening 7 min. a!lcir 6 To•ottoazor —Morning 30 rain. after 6 ; Evening 52 Jinn. after 6 THE WEATHER.—SuN Or-ricn, DECEMBER 10 THEIIMOMETER, IN THE SHADE. 47—highest since noon yesterday. 29—lowest this morning and during the night. 33—this day, at noon. BAROMETER, 30.29. WIND S.E. -dull, foggy weather. DAILY WEATHER TABLE. State of the Wind and Weather at each of the following places at Nine o'clock yesterday .morning.—The stations are arranged in order of latitude. PLYMOUTH—Wind E. gen tle breeze—partially cloudy. RTS3lol.llll—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—foggy. BRIGHTON—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast. HASTINGS—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast. OIITIIAMPTON—Wind N., strong breeze—foggy. FOLKESTONE—Wind N.E., gentle breeze—overcast. TUNBRIDGE—Wind S.E., gentle breeze—foggy. BASINGSTOKE—Wind E., gentle breeze—foggy. GREENWlCH—Calm—foggy. SWINDON—Wind S.E., light airs—frosty. OXFORD—Wind S.E., calm—foggy. LEIGHTON—Wind E., gentle breeze—overcast. COLCHESTER—Wind S.E., gentle breeze—foggy. CAMBRIDGE Calm— foggy. RUGBY—Wind E., gentle breeze—cloudless. BIRMINGHAM —Wind S.E., gentle breeze— foggy. PETERBOROUGH—Wind S.W., calm—foggy. YARMOUTH—Wind S.W., calm—foggy. LIVERPOoL—Wind S.E., calm—cloudless. MANCHESTER—CaIm —dense fog. LANCASTER—Wind S.W., calm—principally clear. WHITBY—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless. SUNDERLAND —Wind W., gentle breeze—foggy. BEATTOCK—Wind N.W., gentle breeze— cloudless. BERWICK—Wind W.—gentle breeze—cloudless. EDINBURGH—Wind N., calm—cloudless. The returns from the following places indicate the state of the wind and weather on Saturday morning at nine o'clock :-- CARLOW—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. KINGsrowN (DUBLIN) —Wind SW., calm—overcast. DUNDALK—Wind S., gentle breeze—clear. PooLE —Wind E., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. LEIGHTON Wind S.E., gentle breeze—overcast. RUGBY—Wind S, gentle breeze—overcast. FETERBORO UGH—Wi dS.W., calm—foggy. CREWE— Wind S., light breeze—foggy. CONWAY—Wind S.S.W., gentle breeze—cloudless. HOLYHEAD—CaIm —foggy. LIVERPOOL—Wind S.E., gentle breeze—cloudy. MANCHESTER—Wind S., gentle breeze— overcast. LEEDS Wind S.W., calm—foggy. WII ITBY—W in d S. W., gentle breeze-cloudless. DatuuNoTole—Wind S., gentle breeze frost. Sitar—Wind E., calm overcast. WHITEHAVEN —Wind E., gentle breeze— cloudless. SUNDERLAND—Wind S.W., gentle breeze—partially cloudy. CARLISLE—Wind S. E., gentle breeze—cloudless. BEArrocx—Wind N. W., gentle breeze—cloudless. EDINBURGH—Wind N.W., calm— foggy. z , •ns • - A kt e e • S T" •,. ,•-•••• • 1)1E T 7 " ;40.s 11 11 , * \ LX} e Alit UAL LONDON, TUESDAY, DECEMBER 10, 1850. Popular education is much talked about by poli ticians—the Earl of CARLISLE has given practical testimonies of his solicitude to aid in forwarding its development. His lectures in the Leeds Mechanics' Institute go further in proclaimi ng the advantages of diffusing knowledge through ou t t h e commun i ty t h an the most able speech on the s u bj ec t o f gene r a l in struction ever delivered within the walls of Parlia ment. One of these brilliant prelections we have already particularised as having been directed to the disclosure of the now somewhat obscured and for gotten beauties of POPE. Another, relating to the aspect of the United States and Canada, as they ap peared when visited by the Noble Earl in 1841.2, we inadequately, comme - ra wo o u ra ld te. here briefly, though In this admirable lecture Lord CARLISLE presents to the imagination a series of pictures, sketched with a rapid pencil but a master hand, in which may be recognised a panoramic view of the condition of society in the North American Continent. Impres sions of a country like the United States, coming from an observer as liberal and intelligent as the Earl of CARLISLE, must surely exercise even over the most in different a deep and earnest fascination. For the landscapes of the western republic the illustrious traveller had the appreciative faculties of a poet and a painter ; for her swarming population and extend ing cities he cherished the interest experienced only by the philanthropist ; for her men of genius he had capabilities of estimation flowing out of the fulness of an eclectic and cultivated intellect ; for her institu tions, political, social, and religious, he had the judg ment of a legislator and a statesman. Consequently itwas with consummate skill that the different subjects suggested by the theme of his discourse were touched upon and illustrated. Witness this, the adroitness of his portraitures of those distinguished Americans with whom his Lord ship came in contact during the course of his pere grinations. Mr. QUINCY ADAMS, once the President of the Republic, seems to him like " a fine old game cock" when, in his seventy-fifth year, he sees him standing erect on the floor of Congress, shrieking out in behalf of the right of petition against slavery. M r . HENRY CLAY wins his regard by the intonations of his melodious voice, insomuch that he pronounces him to be a man " easy, simple, and genial, with great natural dignity." Ile beholds also in the " jutting brows, and cavernous eyes, and massive forehead" of Mr. DANIEL WEBSTER the evidences of a great and comprehensive intellect. Mr. CALHOUN is applauded for " his ability, his honesty," aye and even his very "impracticability," and Mr. TYLER himself commended as " a simple unaffected person." Mr. VAN BUREN he finds interesting and anecdotal. Chancellor KENT he regards at seventy-eight as " full of animation and racy vigour, combined with a very great simplicity." WASHINGTON IRVING ap pears to him " as gentle and genial as his works," the highest encomium he could pronounce. Mr. Justice STOREY he looks upon as " a profound commentator and expounder of law, but as one of the most generous and single. minded of men." Dr. CHAN. NING, though marred by the aspect of his " fragile frame," and by the influence of his " dry manner," impressed his mind so strongly.that he felt himself "in a presence in which nothing that was impure, SPAIN. 111adrid journals of the 4th have arrived. The Spanish Senate was occupied on the 3d and 4th in discussing a proposition of General Ros DE OLANO and others, to the effect that the Go vernment should not be allowed to prevent mili tary senators, in non-active service, from remain ing at Madrid. General NARVAEZ and the Minister of War opposed the motion, and it was even hay f ejected. No explanations were given in the S entice respecting the recent Ministerial crisis; the Chamber of Deputies did not meet on the 4tb, and would not, it was believed, re-assemble before Satur day. Fears were entertained that the crisis was not yet at an end. M. Most was expected to return to Madrid without delay, and his presence would, it was said, strengthen the position of the Cabinet. MADRID BOLSA, DEC. 4.—Of late the prices of the Funds received by telegraph from Paris have helped to depress prices here. To-clay a telegraphic dispatch speaks of a considerable rise at Paris on the 30th ult., and this has assisted in promoting the reaction against the late fall, which has been as rapid as the fall itself. The Three per Cents. were done to-day at 34i to 4, and were buyers, 7-16 sellers after the close ; Five per Cents., with current coupon, 124 buyers, s sellers ; Coupons, 7to 7i-; Passive Debt, 3i to 4. Exchange on London, 60 35. GERMAN Y. Accounts have been received from Berlin to the 7th inst. The Prussian official journal publishes the follow ing :note, addressed by tb KING to Baron LADEN.. BERG : " POTSDAM'. DEC. 4. ‘, Much as I regret to se, yog retire from my Cabi net, yet I will nut refos,, your repeated applicaticn to be ITkaseti fro 4 your office, and will give you the dis• miisal you ask immediately I have given my deck, sion as to the appointment of your otteocapr.' Till then I expect, that you will continue to discharge he nea-political duties of your office. F ro m the duti es of President of the Oaldn..-A, which wore teraporarq entrusted to you, I will forthwith relieve you, and have alroady opprsed the collective Cabinet of my intention. " FREDERIC WILLIAM; " VON ATANTELIFFEL! Another shorter order transfers the ad interim PreAnQncy of the Ministry again to M. VON MAN' TEUFrEL. The, Dresden conferences are to commence on the 18th. Austria will be represented by the Under- Secretary \VERNER, and Prussia by Baron Ar.v.o - Part of the Prussian troops were still at Cass.el. The Federal troops had advanced on the 7th to Si" deraula. TURKEY. We have received Constantinople journals to the 24th ult. The Journal de Constantinople confirms the isi telligence which we gave a few days ego ° the pacification of Bosnia by OMEN POll4l, MEHEMET PACHA, the new Governor-General 0. Aleppo, left Constantinople on the 17th for on 08 Additional troops were sent to Aleppo same day. The latest intelligence from this latter place is, that after the defeat of the rebels by KERIM PACHA they attempted to attack Aer ° , again on the following day, their numbers bov' e b been recruited during the - night by 15 ° 133. bands of Arabs. This second attack, however, his rot. tho was not more succ e s s f u l than- the first, „ letlY insurgents were a second time entirely defeated, 3 ing about about a hundr e d pri s oners in the bands . o' the Imperial troops. .AB DU LLA BEY, wh ose du p licit t! since the commencement cf the late trouble s had 8 be tracted the attention of the Government, has arrested. The same journal states that difficulties/ having arisen betwetn the Governor of Silivr.o and a British subject, the Sublime Porte bas patched a member of the Council of Police, and r,.t CHRIESOS, one of the interpreters of the Por te, to tut.e. to . wn, to inquire into the circumstances of the obas SisioNs, dragoman to the British Eroba Bs Y' accompanied them. loss i of Late advices fr o m Beyrout announce the No three English vessels a t J a ff a on the llth 13' fr om vember —the brig Sundryp o rry, A NGE L, from London ; the brig Couri e r, BALDRY. master,, an tis Liverpool ; and the schooner A gn es, Ilrorrß, from London. Lives all saved. master,na GREECE. Athens journals of the 28th have arrived• the We learn from the Obse rva teur d' Athens ,_ %t a it , Senate assembled on the 21st ult., aad carna l " e „,bet labours by some preliminary business. The C ' held i!s first reg u l a r s itti ng on the 25th un Jet t he presidency of M. METAXA, the senior wernb e ,L ; Inv verification of p owers an d th e f orm ation of 111— reaux occupied the whole slating. ri ) QUEEN'S BENCH. (THIS Di " lir „,*ed Lord Campbell and a special - jury were throughout the morning in trying the case of A C l e t c or P ll e i r 7 Hatch, which was au issue from the Court of Cl i t u , c r e to ascertain the interpretation to be put upon svi;" s e bs mast made between the plaintiff and defendant i°.rdo.. purchase of the White Horse public house, F,r, l So street, Holborn. The case was wholly nointore.P"' any but the parties inruPdiately concerned. MANSION-HOUSE.—(THIS 1: 01 1, i) er Richard Gardiner Wa4 brought up before Mr. A' to , man Gibbs on a charge of embezzling varioirifiso amounting in all to 2001., from his employers, 112 ' e 5 . of Beau:mine, Thompson, and Powell, ship-1) 1 ' 0 k f if of Trinity square. Mr. Humphreys attended on bellgt the prcaccutors. It appeared from the evidence °'ll,ol. Thompson, one of the partners, that the priser foeir been several years in their, employ but had it "idis service for some months. since he had left 80'100 crepancies had been discovered in the accounns• feet had led to further inquiries, and there was reason do that defalcations to a very heavy amo unt would be foia. covered. Those which had already been dio co amounted to 2001. The prisoner was remanded for a week. .., 111ARLBRO%STREET.—(THIS 1": 1 , 4 7 1 411 CAUTION TO THE BENEVOLENT.--ThOMGS was placed before Mr. Bingham, charged with c'"`" - a by several small sums of money from various tradesca-- false and fraudulent pre!ences. OOl Mr. James Revell, oilman, 272, Oxford-strnea'.sboPt, that on Saturday last the prisoner came into bland, as and produced a paper, with which ho said Mr. Tavistock-street, had sent him, with his con4"—,,eaeo and a request that he would read it. Witae o h rethe the paper, and found it to be a petition, of w--e following is a copy:— les" t° "B. Smith, oilman, &c., 107 Fleet-street, beg w ho Aos i recommend the petiticn of William Lawrence , ",peet", employed by me till an unforeseen a ccident b e Na4s by which his spine was injured in such mann .o° 4 will disable him from work for the future , a 00 d — , 4 61 in the hospital. I have had this drawnout 013 ", se ttilL.," round to a few gentlemen in hopes of raising - we"' for the poor family of five children, who into the greatest distress through the acc ident. ° o f the This petition was alleged to be sign e d bar scP m e , 2/. j .s ° leading men in the trade. for sums varying ' t() ; -, a 28. 6d., and aitn e ss a believi ng the priso ns m n t bid to be true, gave him 2s. 6d., and Peah- left name to the petition for that amount, and he Frit the shop. Witne ss h a d s i nce ascer t a ined that tj ' u setter's statement was false. Mr. James Tillyer, oilman, 321, Oxford-street' sre;'• Yesterday afternoon, about four o'clock, the Pri s°l3 :oo ll tered his shop, and handing him the petition Pr mph' by last witness, said " Mr. Revell presents his c o ° t " - y he ments and wishes you to read it.." Witness, dif e .l l ierf looked at it, told the prisoner he knew Mr. Sin"'" The well, and the petition was not in his handwriting. were prisoner said it was, and that all the signatures ice authentic. Witness then sent for a constable, and g' him in charge. otir L'obards, 307 A, said he took the prisoner inWat be tody, and on the way to the station ho (prisoner) 551",,,,a was sent by Mr. Smith with the paper. Witness 9114 quently went to Mr. Smith's, and _t h at gentleman err he knew nothing about either the prisoner or the pg and that his name which' was attached thereto 1 6 forgery, l fed l;heb prisoner, soryu be w a s in e u work, e a c n h d a c ze t , re s , a s id i h n e du w e a e s d trte ofp y to write the paper himself, and that the names, 0 few exception, were forgeries. Mr. Baeonam committed the prisoner for three nan with hard labour. 1314 S INGUL AR APPLICATION.—A gentleman who _der give his name applied to Mr. Bingham for advice the following circumstances:a - a' ; 0 0/ The applicant stated that this morning, hear.cengite there was to be a lecture delivered at the Ic v l , l bit chapel in Newman - street , he went there and fo b ass seat in the gallery. Directly service commenced,h.cb e ll astonished to observe that it was conducted'. wit and the forms of Popish worship—the prieg s attendants being attired in precisely 6 10 0 robes as those worn by the Catholi," c cue Applicant had not been tested many minutes vd 3c : 3o * of the attendants came up and asked him if be memiaer of the chapel, and on his replying in tf e be de; Live he was requested to leave the chapel. Tb. 1 5 4,0 0 ' dined to dta on the grounds that it was a publio,_re d oe worship, and as such he had as much right 0,7.„ tbe o as any other poison. A young man in a surp.l_7oo9ll came, and laying his hand on applicant ' s arm I° ,,ed that if he did not leave at once force would be he lep to aa" eject him. Rather than disturb the congretanticri 1 ..0 0 the place at once. Applicant now wished %lid dope, whether they were justified in acting as they • and what he had better do in the matter. e vo ittlor ti Mr. BINGHAM applicant)—l really v erso a diction in the matter. An attorney is I lly , ' P o ch O PP v . ought to apply to. If I was to attend oa , _ .o d the o _, cations as this I should have enough to do, ; 0 pe rso . !: torneys have less. If you can provo that e j ' 10 11 1 11 , belonging to the chapel committed a !resPvis'ia s iford Yu their hands upon you, the County Cuut.te the I ' 9. a speedy remedy. tbst" tysalte The applicant, who appeared astonish violin; gistrate had no jurisdiction in the case , b ° and left the court. --•----- P r Viscount Ponsonby, we hear, has res l g ried t t fra : bassy at Vienna, and - Mr. Magenis will coatintlo,o 01 /a d 0 Chargé d'Affaires until the arrival of his LordsliiPArric'e sor. The Noble Lord and Lady P nsonbY W e Belgrave-street for the winter. ° Oat Sir It was stated yesterday, R. M. Rolfe, the Vice-Chancellor, is to have the,nliteedednotd peerage. The Learned Judge's elevation islll:4,""euderstet affect his judicial position for the present, but it, is tesri,e„ in IALIC011:15-i'011901300 o f a to be a preliminary step in those arratigemente W ith o ol 1314 , to the hearing a b i e g e o n at long the i s n am e o e o f ahnaotpenpmoeuparil conditionast contemplation. )iionßna.trthooennsHrauoya Parke kos Rumour r o ; thaaLnade r pw d r s ee y ‘ s i a o r il l i s 1 11 (g) tt : ib a e - t: , .. this moment in whe ther the ; 0 0 0 ,. Learned Vice-Chancellor to the House of L°r ds .d i t b e flll' tion to, or a substitution for, the honour pteP°,s—„b:r or •#., t f t e o r t r h ed e on the Learned Baron. The addition 01 e : h i j 0 :10 P -11 appelate tribunal in the House of Lords IV"' v satisfaction to the profession.—Chrosio /e. UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW. - We tifiderStendesGtbli::: the decision regarding the suspended Lord Rectorlsreoloeo be made until near the meeting of Parliament, Mure, with whom the matter now rests, will not. retl r e lj g. f( ? )) , e Italy until the commencement of the session approacbut ther" decision must be given by Col ,nel Mum personall4oo"' can be no doubt that it will be favour of Sheri Glasgow Daily Mail. g°9 A t '3e5,50119 UNIVERSITY COLLEGE, LONDON.---..-. thei r A go c ... on Saturday last, the Council appointed Mr. J. A . O N. Cloeg l a of the Northern Circuit, Professor of English Lary, ccssor to the late Mr. Marshman ; and Arthur Buggord, Or M.A., late fellow and tutor of Oriel College, o ,..p r otes o A, now principal of University Hall, London, } ° tl 7 by 1040. ship of English Language and Literature, vaeal..e„ege, 1V.1.00 seri lly 0 1 ,1 J. Scott, on his becoming Principal of Owen's tioib. ehester. Fellowe's Clinical Medals for the best 0 ...1 , 0 , G oo on cases at the hospital, were awarded as tolltors !.., Jscl,s to Medal for the winter , erm 1849.50, to Air. Edwa rd J o i,, f ir.. Sh T e i ffi j e m lt a l s ; GtleieorGg.:lFditll;edtaalidttratihide sausinoroveerr A te i r ez _ A l n a l se f i jo r oi t t; • The And r e'" Oet c ' y' it; same term to Mr..l.lobert -ikel'n" --- t'i 1 1 ' -u- . ° I " ships were ,Axed :asifolloari:i--For cOrrinex,l(LAii -fer,f. next : A Scholarshiti of 10014 aneictwoofko4 ,9_7,1,4 oac,el;:,l petition in OCtober,'iBs2, one oflLl. as d:tliler il r** - ,,,,,:.1,r• THE Lusa j?:finu --- A,4•1 t li tC re,.. C :l ls : 7 "'' -rik::t ' ar',ol that Sir AB. BreOce, - Dart:, T. : ..v.,,' .. -i i;:n - n i,sl,ive li ;or peerage;. and that ecalona'Cole t, 1 ; . " • - 7 , _eroheis?i;tisgto Captain Arclidallo2 P. -1 ' r arlianient„ ~fi.n. present the new csv;l93.tatiicY di . '-'- -' Reporter. .. ''-isill b'efthe county in ..... ~..„0 . ~ I D o. ast t Do, t'tt xi4un bo' optic*, .o n d o i • Do hia7 144 . 4 bb . ; o: ' . tin b1,1 ". 1, 0 " . be 6 , o . Lo. N . Iti - t 4.ift