The Sun. — London, England, 1850-04-18 00:00:00

DEDICATED TO THE MARCHIONESS OF LANSDOWNE. Nov ready, in 2 vols., 21s. bound, 3 / 1 A 1) A ME ,it P IJ h r L t S ZK Y'S MEMOIRS, ing Details OF THE LATE EVENTS IN HUNGARY. " Madame Pulszky's narrative cannot fall to excite as Interest in all classes of readers—in those who open a book only for amusement, as well as in those who look for something more enduring."—Edin burgh Review. Henry Colhurn, Publisher, 13, Great, Marlborough-street. }IREE TRADE and the WORKING . CLASSES.—An Address, signed by Seventeen Thousand of the Workmen of London to their Brother Workmen, on the evils of Free Trade, will appear in the " BRITANNIA " of Saturday. Also, Political Summary—The Upper House of Convocation the true Court of Appeal—lntermaral Burial—lndia and Egypt —The Dwel lino of the Working Classes—Literature—Sydney Smith's Lectures —Alison's Essays-1111,s Bremer'; luster Offering—Roman Empe rors—The Quarterlies—Together with the Foreign and Home Intel ligence of the Week, .cc. To be had at the office, 69, Fleet•street, and of all the Newsmen. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. A GRAND EXTRA Comhinlng the talents of Madame Sontag, Miss Catherine Hayes, and Mdlle. l'arodi ; Signori Coletti, Belletti, Lablache, Calzolari, and Sims Reeves; Mdlles. Carlotta Grist, Mario Taglioni, and Amalia _ . Ferraris, 'Will take place THIS EVENING, when will be presented Mozart's Opera, LE NOZZE DI FIGARO. Susanna, Ifadame Sontag ; the Countess, Madlle. Parodi; Cheru bim), Millie. Catherine Hayes ; the Count Almaviva, Signor Coletti ; Figaro, Signer Belletti; Basilio, Signor Calzolart; Bartolo, Signor lablashe. In the Wedding Same, the Zarabanda in A (composed expressly for this Opera) will he danced by 3ldlle. Carlotta Grisi and Mdlle. Marie Taglionl(who will appear as a cavalier.) After the Opera will be presented Selections from the admired Ballet of LA ESMERALDA, comprising the celebrated Truaadaise, by Mdlle. Carlotta Grisi and Charles. To be followed by the last scene of DonizettPs Opera, LUCIA DI LAM3IERMOOR, by Mr. Sims Beeves. A.ter which will be revived the admired Ice Ballet, by M. P. Tagliani, entitled LEA PLAISIRS DE L'HIYER ; ou, Les Patineurs. The principal characters by Mdlle. Carlotta Grist, Mdlle. Marie Taglioni,and Mdlle. Amafla Ferraris ; in the course of which the admired Spanish Dance, La Zingarella, by Mdlle. Marie Taglioni ; a new grand Paq, by Mdlle. „kmalia Ferraris; and a grand Pas de Deus a in Hongroise, by Mdlle, Carlotta Grist and M. Charles. On Saturday next, April 20, will be presented Verdi's Opera, I Lombardi, in which Signor Baucardi (of the San Carlo, Naples) will make his first appearance. Applications for Boxes, Stal:s, and Tickets to be made at the Box-office of the Theatre. Doors open at Seven, the Opera to commence at Half-past Seven. . ROYAL ITALIAN OPERA. COVENT-GARDEN. Madame G:isi, Madame Castellan, 3ladlle. Vera, Signor Tamburln Ilerr Formes, and Signor Mario, .A GRAND EXTRA NIGHT THIS EVENING . When will be performed (for the first time this season) Mozart's celebrated opera of DON GIOVANNI. Denna Anna, Mme. Grist ; Elvira, Mdfle. Vera ; Zerlina, Mme. Castellan ; Leporello, Herr Formes; Don Giovanni, Sig. Tambarini ; Masetto, Sig. Poloniai; Il Commendatore, Slg. Tag:ltalic° ; and Don Ottavio, Si;;. Mario. The Minuet in the first -let will be danced by Madlle. Louise end Madlle. Louise Taglioni. The Opera will be supported by a Triple Orchestra and Double Ceerus. Composer, Director of the Music, and Conductor, Mr. Costa. The doors will be opened at Half-past Seven, and the perform ances commence at Eight o'clock precisely. Tickets for the Boxes, Stalls, or the Pit, may be had (for the night er season), at the Wm-office of the Theatre, which will for the future be open Irom Ten till Five. FRENCH PLAYS.—ST. JAMES'S THEATRE. TO-MORROW EVENING The Performances .will commence at halt-past Seven o'clock pre cisely, with MEROVEE ; ou, Brune et Blonde. After which the Popular Comedy of L .MARQUISE DE SENNETERRE. IA Commandeer de Lonjurneau, M. Samson; Henriette, Mdlle. Dernaiti. To conclude with (for the first time in this country) a New Comedy; by M. Samson, entitled BELLE MERE ET LE GENDRE. Duchernain, M. Samson ; Elise, Mdlle. Denain. The Box-ottice of the Theatre is open daily trom Eleven till Five Boxes and Stalls at Mr. IL:Wien's Royal Library, 33, Old Bond• street. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. Last Nights before Whitsuntide. The Lessee has great pleasure iii stating that the growing attraction of the Grand Easter Spectacle of the DEVIL'S RING, Tog ther with the nrgent recommendation from all quarters that it should be continued, has Induced htm to make such arrangements .as will meet the general wish, and supersede, for the present, the necessity of closing the Theatre. • THIS EVENING, - Will, be presented, by her Majesty's Servants, The Comedy of THE ELDER BROTHER ; or, Love at First Sight. • Lord Lewis, Mr. Didilear ; Miramount, Mr. Emery: Brisac, Mr. Davidge ; Charles, Mr. James Anderson ; Eustace, Mr. Mon tague ; Angelina, Miss V.andenhoff; Sylvia, Miss A. Lonsdale. - • After which (third time) a' new and original Farce, called THE CRICKET MATCH: • • T. conclude, with THE DEVIL'S RING ; or, Fire, Water, Earth, and Air. In 'Three Acts awl Four Elements. The following are the principaiSeenes. • ELEMENT-THE FIRST—FIRE. • A beautiful View of the - CITY AND HARBOUR OF CATANIA IN SICILY; With Mount Etna Smoking in the Back-ground:• • CHARACTERS IN THE FIRST ELEMENT : Arnnph, Mr. W. Montie.me ; Rodelph, Mr. Frazer ; Herman, Mr. P. Jones; C-. 11 rade, Mr. Clifford ; - Otho, Mr Everett; Adolphus, Mr. .Darcie; :Rupert. Mr. Abbott; Carloman, Mr. Wayne; Herbert, Miss E. Iluddart ; *Franco, Mr. S. Artaud ; Host of the World's End,'"Mr. G. Watson ; the Enchanted Princess' Eveline, Miss E. Nelson : I ema,.•3li:4B , llafter ; 'The Spirit Devil's Ring, Miss A. Lons ' data ; WhirlP.unr. Mr. Seymour ; Go-dah,lir C. Fisher. CAVERNA OF THE BRAZEN'HAND. TEMPLE AND SPIRIT OF THE DEVIL'S RING. - INTER10:: OF THE • CHARCOAL BURNER'S ABODE, TIIE REALMS OF FIRE.. ELEmli.yr •THE SECOND—WATER. . FALLS OF' NIAGARA IN Tii E NEW WORLD. . Tli E CITY OF THE FOUNTAINS. BREAKING THE SECOND CHARM. TITEY 'ASCEND UPON THE TiOSOM OF TIIE WATERS cu - .l.ni(t 4 re - as is THE Sicoxn EI;EMENT: Herbert, Mis F. Ilwidart; Fratico, My. S. Artawl; '•American Settler, Mr. R. Ito per; ;ftillans, Messrs. Henry and Tressidor ; Indian Squaw, Miss Foster ; Spirit.of the Waters, Miss Neil; Queen wettlicf/Taiwies, Miss I'. Grey; Gwdah, Mr. Fisher. • ' GIXAND NALADE BALLET.- ELEMENT THE THIRIP--EARTH. • • ' Tio T. A-74:0 D C .A VES•:I INV CALIFORNIA.. •, CHARACTERS 111 TUB TIIIRD , 4.NT,TocKTit ELEmErrrs: • Miss F. , liribbart ; Franc , ), Mr. S. Artaud ;' 'tfie Black gn*ht Macklow,. Mr, Maiiderson: Gnoineg. Messrs. • AbbottOleury, :Brayne, &c. s • the Princess Eveline, Miss E " 46 1 1 ; Leela, Miss. Rafter ; (M-dah, Mr. C. Fisher. • 1 . • - THE SICILIAN VINEYARD. • • ' A-TitIIIRIFIC. COMBAT • • , • 1 ..: lirrWEER IIF.REERF AND THE SABLE KNIGHT. ELEIIENT THE .FOURTII—AIR. ' t At; v. or It'A N• B 0 IV'SI BALL OF TILT; KNIGIITS:' The Vriuitiptinl" of lierbert And Princess Ereline in CAE - DRAWN' BY -- BEAL HORSES. GRAND MILITARY BAND, *ND G 11. E, 0 S pu.OOESSION! • THEATAE ' itotAt",:itkymAliKET. • -31 r. It..Wetister, Sole Lessee and Manager, Old Bromptoll. TILL t:yENI %ta, • Will be rerfrrmed a ric* drama, called TILE vicAr. WAXT',FTELD. . Dr. Prlmro , e, Mr. WObsterz Sguire.Thcirlibill, Mr. IL Vanden boa'; Mr. Burchill, Mr. Stuart ; Moses ; Mr. Buckstone ; Mrs. prim rose. Mrs. Keeley ; Olivia, Miss Reynolds ; Lady blarney, Miss P to; ilor; bus s Meggs, Mrs. Fitzwilliam. " • ' Canclude with , the Last. Eclithnia gf IVA.XIIOE, With all the netvcit Improvements. Cedric the Siltoit,,lfr. di Bland; Slr:Brignt de Bore Gallbert, Mr. e i.; j y; Sir .IVdtrid of Ivanhoe ' , Keeley; Waraba, Mr. Buck 'sons ; 1:alc or Tork, Mr. Kee.ey Lobin Hood, Mrs. Fitzwilllim ; Rebecca, Miss I'. Horton. Tlf %Mt- °Ma .40 - under the - direction of Mr. LT. Archer. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Under thd direction of Madame Celeste. THIS EVENING, ~ • Will be performed the. celebrated IT/tatty of TELE HARVEST 3tOME. Principal characters. by Messrs, Hughes, .IVright, Paul • liedford, 0. Smith ; Madame Cc/este, and 'Miss IVloolgar. he ii)ilowed by a grand historical Spectacle Vaudeville, entitled 74 , 1 .AY1NG Flits E. FiIpTE.E • ori Follow my Leader Principal Characters by Messrs. P. Bedford, Lambert, Madame Celeste, Miss :WAilZar.atai 'Miss ii . Fltzrrt2lltlm. th ZIY I'ILEVIIXIS BETSY. character; PT , Messrs. Miss Harding, and Mrs. F. Matthews. ROYAL 'LYCEUM TIIEATRE._ ill • • TIIIS E VENING'• hg repeated (IGth *t rue) Lyrical. Comical Pastoral, entitled CYMON 4ntl' IPIIIGENIA, altered from the text et David Garricic. CAA ra rSi! ilt:srs, Cr. lla el eY; !Vialthews, IL Ilotiy lid F. Cooke; Ml's St. George, Miss Kenwortby, Miss Dickinson, Airs. Humpy Nliss Manners, and Miss Martindale. he 'l•4 weft by Y I isE ISLAND OF JEWELS. To cancia,te wi t h A PRACTIcAL MAN. - 7-7 All applications_ for r 1.. riva t o.oozes must be ma.d• to Mr. Allcroft view Bowl•street. - ' • r HINCESS'S 'i ------7-7---- --'77-- ---- HEATRE. • . . ~._ THU Errianzio. • Wilt be produced (Swill time' in this country in its corn.plete form) Aaber's Opera 61 GUSTAVUS TPIE THIRD. Gust4vus...l4lr. Vir,. Harrison ; Oscar, Miss L. Pine ; Ankastrom, Mr. vveleg ; Ribbing, MT. G. Marker ; pe..Hpr o tt, Mr, R. Latter; Christian, mr: wyn Countess Ankaiirotn, Mdlle. S te ; Arvedson, Madame Ifaefarren ; Principal Folie, Mdlle. Celeste Stephan. Mte,r, which 4, ,1 9 •Iew Grand ,Tale of Enchantment, with splendid 4 f iery Ccliideited; and 'ApPalntineiits ; extensive Machinery, &c., ...me 9 4 • '' The Sorcerer of Candahar. 'entitled . • V 1 , 1; M . f, IJERN 9F, THE ROSE 4; or, . Honey, Craven ; war , 1,:s l ;iri s srs' nd eltri,l2teiri'd Forman, a V n illars. t igl is ri s ciLi . ,a ul l si, clur li r o acters d, b; . .f , • ASTLEY'O/hOYAL AMPHITHEATRE. Proprietor, Mr. W. Batty, succesv of the new grand Es.ster - SPeeta c l o of Enchant ment. un i re yeay prodourieed . the wonder et the lan week but one of tha t e x trao r dinar y Ameri can Equestrian World. THIS EVENING The Entertainments will COmfmnce at Seven o'clock,. with Fltzbalys new magnificent gPectaela entitled 'NHL FOUR, S.U.NB OF.-.A.Y.MON:I or The 1)a , ii of Charlemagne. Moat produced, and introduci n g a 2iving Camel of the zkisert„' Zeb ra..the ' beautiful Strid of HOrses, an d a ll th e 'twit ant uneqUalled resources of this Establishmen t. . i T t ' i o he stace,,,,j eti of Equestrian Wonders, 4 by , a brilliant routino whielti•l oontliernandesi will appear in an entirely New Act oiled tla,l'uggfi lv oubadour.: & , . To euneludo the interesting Alel will, th i dma of. ~ .. : •,. , ` " M UTWOCK ;‘ or.' the J'atal Glen. ,ox..,,face , p en From Eleven till Four. • • - • - • • , State . I tanager, Mr. W. West. „---' - ----- ItF,atovAl. OF Tux Brum'Sonam EXPOSITION TO T,,,i,05.---This..e:".poeitien, which took place at -Bill g l ,_ e Y Ihu , e, I;irtritigh7Am, in ,October last , and was visited ••Ily Prince AIWA, the,i)ucliess of 'Sutherland, and other leaders (4 4 Tank, artTimtedearnest attention from the great progress in Metals, stanr4fv, por,lel,tin, steres, candelabras, and pro ductions of art, tl;eht exhibitd It th'er e f ore , with is about to he, transferred top Londll, pleasur2, wc lean that the greater part, if not the Fhole, of thip ilniqt!,-; 2 -, thecinc.: and.that premises of large extent have been purposely re built and arranged for their reception, at the corner of Iron- Jones, unit Cheap,iile, by the Messrs, llenetfink and Jones, to whose manages gent these interesting proofs ot the . ” f the British artizan will be entrusted prone 0 SvER, STAMPS.--An estimate of the annual ' 1 )Ilecting the stamp duty on newspapers has 1 .--- ," , ' :.. rtatrnell to an order of the House of Commons. e. 4, 0. .t min t't pears that 53 persons are employed in this #- 1 '-- - aa7, -,. i wages to the amount of 5,0104, 'which with - atter(dia - tue ses makes the. total annual cost 6,1691. 2 8.3(1. t; - , !th ' •4 13 1.: ' • persons employed on this duty in Edin r. ~ ,4., ;.. uchF.ster,' is In each . ease six . ; and the total R.V ..;,, gli ~ al ~: AA ' e former is 4311, 1.58., and fo r th e l atter uti 4 4c. ...; .J 4 . . . . Ni )" . • - • , ... HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE. on our they had done him in drinking his health, and Tam DAT —Morning ' 39 min. after - 5 I Evening 5 min. after 6 e x pressed a hope that his conduct would meet with To. „ onßow _ Morning 33 min. after 6 I Evening 3 min. after 7 the approbation of his fellow-citizens, and secure the tranquillity which so happily reigned in the city of L o ndon. Mr. Mastermsn returned thanks for the health of the City Members ; the Lord Mayor returned thanks for the health of the Lady Mayoress; the Solicitor- General for the Trish bar ; and after some further toasts the company retired. THE WEATHER.—SuN OFFICE, APRIL 18. THERNONETER, LoweA, 40 ; Highest, 59 ; Noon, 49, BAROMETER, 3001. WIND N.W.—fine sunshiny weather. 4-1? .‘l w lVl7% - ,14' ,; . -- } R- s co „ ,41 . N . i!r• ;107.4` . . ^ - ilt4h., DIE T 5 . h 0 I ' il% s' Mt LONDON, THURSDAY, APRIL 18, 1850. gate, would hare dared to introduce laws so iniquitous, and in every respect so repugnant to the feelings of the people ; they have been the work of many men. One act of injustice has led to another until the climax was attained, until the burdens were placed upon the shoulders least able to sustain them, and the means by which they could be borne simultaneously reduced. By the system of " indirect taxation" those who have nothing to depend on but their industry have been compelled to defray the interest of an enormous debt, contracted to defray the expenses of consecutive wars, carried on to gratify the fully or ambition of former Governments, or for " the security of property," to place the matter in the least insidious point of view. For this purpose the labour of the people was, mort • gaged even before their birth. They came into the world deprived of their natural liberty, slaves, in fact ; for what is slavery but being compelled to toil at the desire, and for the benefit of another, or others ? Is not the English labourer bpund to Ns ork to satisfy , the demands of the fundholder ? Must he not de vote a considerable portion of his earnings for such a purpose, and also for the support of armaments, maintained to protect " property" from foreign inva sion or domestic distu.:'oance ? He is not even per mitted to have a voice in the election of those by whom the taxes are imposed and the estimates voted ; and yet, in the very face of these unquestionable facts, westill vainly boast, that "Britons never shall be shires," although we undoubtedly are serfs and bondsmen, and must so continue, until a total change be effected in our fiscal system. Let us, in support of this, which by many will be regarded as too strong a view of the case, consider the amount of our national expenditure, the sources from whence derived, and the objects to which ap plied. They will be found explained at still greater length in the able and convincing statement of Ela. WARD BROADRIDD, Dq., made at a meeting of the Liverpool Financial Reform Associa tion, in the month of November last, which has been published along with the invaluable tracts of that useful and patriotic society. It appears that there was expended in the year 1848 no less than 59,000,0001 sterling, which exceeded the amount ob tained from the ordinary sources of revenue by 2,000,0001. sterling. This enormous outlay was thus accounted for : Charges of collection £5 000 000 Interest on public debt ... ... 28,500,000 War expenditure, including our naval, military, and ordnance establishments ... 18,5f)0,000 Civil Government (including the miscel laneous estimates) i ) 000,000 Total... - ... £59,000,000 Now, of these we may • remark that the cost of collection, amounting to more than nine per cent., is partly ascribable to the system of indirect taxation, and partly to the various stoppages in transitu, and deductions made before the amounts are paid into the Exchequer. These moneys are thus placed beyond the control of the representatives of the people, the appointed guardians of the public purse. Among these may be noticed the hereditary pensions to the Dukes of GRAFTOic and 1115.1t.nottonou the heirs of the Duke of ScuomstErto, the Earl COWPER, the assignees of the late CHARLES BOONE, &C., &c,— matters which tan scarcely be justified or defended on n a d n e y r the head satnayn cposs i b l e cannotgr boeunrdesg,abrduetdwahsiccho,muinndgeur of "Costs of Collection," and which, with other charges thus improperly applied, amount to 763, 9261. 4s. 4d. per annum . Th e cos t o f collectingthere venue, exclusive o f th e a b ove , ma y be taken in r ound terms at 4,000,000/. sterling per annum. Now, if the revenue were directly levied on accumulated and realised property, it could be collected for less than a fourth of that amount. In other wordF, there is no less than 3,000,0001. literally wasted every year in order to maintain the unjust and inequit able principle:of " indirect taxation." Passing, however, from this unnecessary outlay, we come to the next point—the interest of the national debt, 28 ,500,000 / . ! Now, in. order to pre vent any misapprehension, we must, at the outset, declare that we do not desire, in any degree, to take away from the just rights of the public creditor—we would pay him to the utmost farthing, not in an ap preciated currency, which gives him more than doubit of that for which be contracted, or which he has a right to receive, but in a currency equivalent to that which was in force when the liability was first in curred. Of this he could not complain ;on the con should be th an k ful for being permittedhteo retain,t r a r he without question, th e l arge overpayments has received during the last thirty Beare, without being called on to restore any portion to the plun dered I,Ve would also pl ace the charge on those by pe wh l o e. whom it should properly be borne. No code is now recognised thatpermits a parent to charge children who derive no property under or through hi m w i th the payment of his deb ts. Still more ab sur d would it be to assert that he could bequeath an unencum bered property to a favoured son, while the liabilities incurred for the protection and improvement of that property could be placed on his other children, who had no i nheritance but their labour, the gift of 'a be neficent CREAT OR , of which no earthly father could de prive them, But this is whet is done towards Bri- Never, perhaps, was there a more fitting opportu nity than the present for pressing on the attention of the Government, the Parliament, and the country, the great Reforms so urgently required by the great body of the people. 'We have seen the melancholy condition to which the industrious classes—all who live by their daily labour, mental or physical—have been reduced of late years. Their scanty comforts and enjoyments have been materially abridged ; they can scarcely hope for full remunerative employment— for obtaining the first great necessity of a working man—" a fair day's wages, for a fair day's work." If so fortunate as to be occupied, the toil necessary to procure the commonest necessaries of life for their families is so oppressive, that they speedily sink under the fatigues, which they can scarcely endure. Their lives are prematurely cut short, and they fall into their early graves, leaving helpless widows and innocent children to the tender mercies of the parochial authorities, to become additional burdens on the humble resources of their suffering brethren, of those who, from greater physical strength, are still enabled to struggle on in the unequal contest. Meantime the gaols and work houses are filled to overflowing ; crime and pauper ism flourish in rank luxuriance ; new buildings are erected every day, devoted, not to the enlighten ment of the people and the promotion of their happi ness or intellectual improvement, but to their punish ment and coercion. The system that has led to such melancholy and heartrending results has surely been tried suffi ciently long. If it is to be " judged by its fruits," what stronger condemnation could be pronounced than that to be elicited from the existing state of affairs ? Even if based on justice and equity, which it is not, expediency would demand a total and sweeping alteration. The people can scarcly be placed in a worse position, and almost any change must be for their advantage. But when the very causes that have led to such untoward results can be clearly and distinctly pointed out, when all the social evils by which the nation is afflicted can be easily traced to our fiscal and monetary codes, and the prodigal expenditure of the national revenues, is it too much to expect that adequate remedies should he speedily provided to remedy the abuse, and to restore the people to prosperity and happiness ? These grievances are not the work of a single age, they have sprung up by slow degrees until they have attained their present monstrous and gigantic pro positions. Nemo repente fuit turpisimus. No Minister that ever lived, however corrupt and profli- THE SUN, tish citizens. The debt was contracted for the pro tection and improvement of property ; it should not be cancelled or repudiated, but the interest should be provided fur solely by the possessors of that property. We hear much of being " just to the public creditor," and of his " inalienable rights," but we hear nothing of the " rights of the people," or of the necessity of rendering them full and impartial justice. Next comes the war expenditure—the support of our armies, fleets, and ordnance, 18,500,000/. These are surely chargeable on the same par ties. It is for the protection and improve ment of their property that these forces are maintained ; any revolution or invasion would proba bly lead to confiscations and forfeitures. The labourer would continue to toil under any form of government; his position could scarcely be deteriorated, or his re muneration made more scanty than at present. But those who have a " stake in the country," who have something to fight for and defend, should, in com mon justice, exclusively bear the costs of supporting those establishments that are kept up for their exclu sive benefit. The expenses of civil government, including the miscellaneous estimates, 7,000,0001., or less than one eighth of the entire charge, are all to which the working population could reasonably be expected to contribute ; and even but a small proportion thereof would fall upon them, if each man were required to pay secundum statum et facultates, according to his means and station in society. But how far is this ju;t view practically carried out ? The Customs and Excise produce no less than 37,600,000/, which fall chiefly on the masses. The Stamps produce 7,000,000/., the Income and Pro perty-tax, 5,500,0001., the Land and Assessed Taxes, 4,500,0001., and the Crown Lands 360,000/., of which, however, not more than one-fourth reaches its desti nation, the remainder being absorbed in the cost of management. Thus we find that those who should fairly not be called on for more than one-sixteenth or one-twentieth of the entire expenditure are com pelled to pay more than three•fourths thereof. We regret that we cannot devote greater space this day to show how it is that the labourer must contri bute about forty per cent. of his entire income in the shape of taxation to the national Exchequer, while the wealthy fundholder or landowner need not, if he pleases, pay more than four or five per cent., or, under any circumstances, will not give more than ten or twelve per cent. upon the income from his property. Although public attention could not fail to be arrested by the intelligence received yesterday from the West ; although, for instance, we regretted to observe the account of the death of Mr. CALHOUN, one of the most brilliant statesmen of America, and were horrified by the particulars disclosed on the trial of Professor WEBSTER for the murder of Dr. PARK MAN, one of the bloodiest crimes ever recorded among the acts of human 'atrocity—it was impossible not to be engrossed by the particulars which came to us simultaneously from the East in the overland dis patches received from our possessions in Hindostan. From the latter documents, already published by ourselves in our itnpression of yesterday, it will have been perceived that the particulars therein furnished of the mutiny of the 66th Regiment, and the expedi tion undertaken at Peshawur by Sir COLIN CAMP BELL, impart an unusual interest and importance to the news obtained from our oriental dominions. Fortunately for the peace of the public mind in England, the very recounting of these unhappy oc currences calls to the recollection of the community that the conduct of the Anglo-Indian armies Is subject to the vigilant supervision of no less redoubtable a war rior than Sir CHARLES NAPIER, who as the Con queror of Sinde has long been the terror of the Asiatic population. Guided by a captain such as the victor of Meanee, our brave soldiers, we are satisfied, must by this time have been enabled to avenge the slaughter of 107 of their comrades, killed or mortally wounded during the recent expedition among the mountains ; while with reference to the deplorable insubordination displayed by the 66th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry, it is satisfactory to remera• her that the combined armies of the QUEEN and of the Company are presided over by one not more terrible as a warrior than as a severe and resolute disciplinarian. Such, in truth, has been the indigna tion with which Sir CHARLES has witnessed the dis graceful scenes adverted to, that by a general order, issued with the authentication of his signature, he has suddenly and peremptorily disbanded the muti nous regiment, delivering over its colours to the Nussaree battalion, which is hereafter to be desig nated the 66th or Goorka Regiment. An example so prompt and crushing will, it is to be hoped, act most beneficially —especially as it must be borne in consi deration that it will be repeated on any similar occa sion without any sentiment whatever of compunction. Here as elsewhere true mercy is alone visible in the evidence of a timely severity. Had the reparation required from the culprits by their disbandment been delayed through a sentiment of morbid commisera tion, the result might have proved disastrous in the contagions spread of insubordination. As it is, the Sepoys, always brave on the field, and generally obe dient in times of tranquillity, will recognise that punishment must inevitably, immediately, and over whelmingly, fall as well upon themielves as on their European comrades, whenever they encounter the displeasure of the illustrious Commander. Thus it comes to pass that good is frequently often drawn from evil when an opportunity is only seized with promptitude. And for the grasping at the right mo ment of any opportunity, no matter how abrupt or unexpected its arrival, we know of no one comparable in any degree to the ex-Governor of Sinde. Se im plicit, again, is the public confidence in the ability, the skill, the valour, the rapidity of movement, and the decision of judgment of Sir CHARLES NAPIER, that the disappointment experienced on the perusal of the ill result of the late expedition under Sir COLIN CAMPBELL to Pesbawur, will be at once replaced by a conviction that those ill results have been, or will immediately be, redeemed by effects of a contrary character and still more decisive. What constitute s the evil consequences of the late expedition, is not merely the fact of so many of our soldiers having been killed and so many wounded, but that lament able fact, coupled with the consideration that the na tives are frightfully exasperated by this ineffectual attempt, and that the passes through the mountains are still closed against us impassably. The experi ence, bitter in itself, it is true, acquired through these occurrences will aid Sir COLIN CAMPBELL, or who ever may be selected to conduct the next expedition, in avoiding unnecessary bloodshed, and in yet forcing our petty antagonists to succumb to the requirements of the British-Indian Government. Until this shall have been accomplished no perma nent tranquillity in those districts can be an sibafflenor theer ticipated, an d t h e organization of our system in thet ill northern adroitness of ourf p i i tt . a n d defy n m e u f s y t even the strong arm of the military authority. Every consideration, therefore, of prudence forces upon Sir CHARLES NAPIER the responsibility of pushing for ward a better contrived expedition from Peshawur, The enemy requires some wholesome chastisement from the thong of the great soldier, designated by their fellow-Asiatios the Brother of the Devil. That Sir CHARLES NAPIER will at once act in accords ance with the inspirations of his own good lodgment, no one can doubt who has 'watched a career already sufficiently illtseteintla. URAND ENTERTAINMENT TO LIEUT.. GENERAL GOUGIL—Last evening the members of the Junior United Service Club gave a splendid banquet to Lieutenant-General East t o rn n d t i e G s, o a u t g t h h , latee, in e Club-house, Captain Henry G. B o ld ero, M . P ., pres id e d on t h e occasion, supported on eith er a id e ' b y Li eutenant-General Viscount sCeohniamrleasn-dsetrreeint, Commander-in-Chief ie jam in James's. h 's e . Gough, G.C.8., and Field-Marshal the Marquis of Anglesey, K.G. The usual loyal toasts having been duly disposed of, those more peculiarly appropriate to the occasion were pro posed in eloquent terms by the Gallant Chairman, and cor dially responded to by Lord Gough and Lord Hardinge. Other toasts followed, and the evening passed off with much good feeling and conviviality. Hospitality is commanded to be exercised even to wards an enemy when he cometh to thine house. The tree doth not withdraw its shade even from the woodcutter. Eliza Cook's Journal. THE BRAZILS. —The follow ing is an extract from a private letter dated Rio de Janeiro, March 2 :—" There appears some probability of hostilities between Rio Grande and the Argentine Republic, unless Pimenta Beieno, the new - President of Rio Grande, is speedily recalled, as it is under stood he is personally hostile to the Dictator Rosas. Francis Pedro insists on war with Rosa; and it is feared in Rio that the next steamer' from the south may bring news of fresh aggressions by the above, in which it was not unlikely the old rebels, Canabairo and Netto, would join Francis Pedro. Stock of coffee ilk Vac+ 4111Iket, 6000 bags. LAcbettige, 29d." LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, APRIL 18, 1850. HOLLAIND. THE HAGUE, APRIL 15.—His MAJESTY intends to present to the United Service Club of London, of which the late KING was a member, a full-length portrait of his august father, painted by M. PINEMAN as a valuable memento of his late Majesty King WILLIAM 11. The picture will be brought to Lon don by the artist himself, and will be presented to the club, in the name of the King of the NETHERLANDS, by his Grace the Duke of WELLINGTON.—JournaI du Commerce d'Anvers. DENMARK. The last letters from Copenhagen state that it was believed that the propositions for peace, about to be made by a deputation of the nobles of Schleswig- Holstein, would be most favourably received by the KING and Ministers, and would probably lead to a satisfactory result. S WEI)EN. STOCKIIOLM, Arum 18.—The British Ambassador at our Court having requested his MAJESTY, in the name of his Government, to appoint some persons in Sweden and Norway who shall enter into communi cation with the central board in London for the Grand Industrial Exhibition of 1851, his MAJESTY has been pleased to appoint Mr. President SIEOGAIAN. The CROWN PRINCE will set out from hence on the Bth for the Hague, for the purpose of celebrating his betrothment. On the 14th his Royal Highness will go to Fredericksburg, to partake of the hospitality of the King of DENMARK for a few days.—Hamburgh Borsenhalle, April 13. RUSSIA. The late martial news from Russia is still con firmed by all the German and Austrian papers. The Russian troops on the frontiers of Prussia are quoted at 160,000 men, and strong reinforcements are said to be marching up. 50,000 among them are Bashkir and Circassian horsemen. MALTA. A letter from Malta, of the 23, in the Riforma of Lucca, states that the three Sicilians wbo toad been ordered to depart by the Government cf the island, have been allowed a respite , in consequence of an ex planation given by M. RUGGIERO SETTIMO to the Governor, at his request. It appeared that the ac counts received from Naples, and which had been the cause of the order above alluded to, were extremely exaggerated. ITALY. ARRIVAL OF THE POPE IN ROME. The Paris Illonitcur of yesterday publishes the fol lowing telegraphic dispatch : " THE MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY OF FRANCE TO THE MINISTER FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS. " ROME, APRIL 13. " The Pope entered Rome last evening at four o'clock. Ile was received with the most lively ac clamations." The Apostolic Nuncio at the Court of Turin has demanded his passports and quitted the city. SICILY. (FRO➢i A CORRESPONDENT.) PALERMO, MARCH 20.—The KING of NAPLES, who ever since the interchange of notes between England and Tuscany on the subject of the indemnity claimed by the former for the injuries inflicted on British sub jects at ,Leghorn, has been a prey to the greatest anxiety, has recalled his Paladin General FILANGIERE from Sicily, in order to have his advice on the claims which Great Britain has a right to make for indem nity for losses and injuries inflicted on British sub jects by the Neapolitan troops in Sicily. Before leaving Sicily FILANGIERI ordered the military com manders of the island not to permit more than three foreign ships of war to remain in any of the ports, apparently for the purpose of preserving the neutrality, but in reality for fear of the effect that the appearance of an English squadron might produce in the island. The acts of violence are still continued here. The property of the Prince DE GRANATELLI has been sequestered, because he will not deliver up to the King of NAPLES a steamer which is in England, and which had been confided to hlttt by the Sicilian Parliament. The King of NAPLE', at the same time that he is asking the o English Chancery, by virtue of his pretended rights :a c adjudge the Bombay to him, without a waitings o n q t u h e e r odr,,ti°si i,9f a eccbeun citizen, only because he that he himself in voked, ue st ; o -s i :n himself, and s e izes th e good so d f e a c n ide ho s h ne t st e qd jnan he acts as a faithful trustee. ThiF, jn other words, means that the King of NAPLES w i s h es s. take the same thing twice over. 1 At Trapani, a mad prefect, after having provoke... the people at the theatre, by showing himself in his box and crying out " Long live the King !" and the people having answered, " Long live the Constitution of 1812, reformed in 1848 !" filled the theatre with the gendarmerie, and arrested fifty-two gentlemen and confined them in the fortress of the Colombara. At Palermo, also, the Government, with th e sa me good grace, endeavoured to obtain from the communal representation (Decurionato) of Palermo a declara tion in favour of the present political situation of affairs in Sicily. This was a homage the Prince DE SATRIANO and the Prince DE MANGANELLI, mayor (Pretore) and chief of the municipal representation, and who has always been the de voted adherent of the Neapolitan Government, wished to render to the King of NAPLES. They hoped to have obtained a declaration which would have been worth almost as much as that extorted by at hsei Am: NAo fi b Tb r sej s oGre t sc: impossibIeSANTOCANALE , object, but LLht El a :tp imprisonment, a a o ps proposed s t s a oa o e f nnd t e m r a t force at Naples against the Constitution, but the plan Ttr D f r a h hh i e e ee c e udp Advocate Pr o rdn Itvcnaoi Prince ce o a w a for t a De s Em t eh s ht ; he: egtrm,eah threatening address. The re spected for his fortune, his talent, and his eloquence, who had been a member of the House of Commons in 1848, eloquently opposed it, and it was rejected by the Decurionato. The next day, as SANTOCANALE was riding in his carriage in the Rue de Cassaro, he was arrested by the gendarmes. Every one visited him in prison, and he was afterwards taken to the fortress of the Colombara, near Trapani. After these things had taken place the two Direc tors of the Ministry, BUONGIARDINO for the Finances, and LEROYARI for the Interior, sent, in their resig nations. A MAIL TO CALIFORNIA.—We find from a notice to the public, that the Post-office authorities have started a mail to California. We should 1 ike to see the vehicle se- lected for the service. We have a strange suspicion that the old Hounslow cab has been fitted up with a new pair of shafts to supply the place of those which we dashed to pieces some time ago in a fearful collision with our shafts of ridicule, and that this precious set-out has been ordered to set out on the first stage towards the diggings. We used to find fault with the rate of travelling by this concern, but the rate of postage is satisfactory. Half-an-ounce is to be 2s. .51d., an ounce 43. l Id., and it will scaroely require an ounce to announce anything to one's friends in California. We think the Post-office authorities might venture to charge higher, and declare that every letter should be charged with its weight in gold, which the Californians, with their embarras des richesses, could make no objection to.—Punch. LORD CAMPBELL AND SPECIAL• PLEADING.— Lord Campbell's Bill to enable the judges of the courts of common law at Westminster to alter the forms of pleading has just been printed. It is proposed by the Bill to give power to the judges of the superior courts to make rules or orders for altering the mode of pleading, &c., in action at law. Such rules or orders are not to be valid until three months after being laid before Parliament, and may pre viously be declared suspended by a Royal proclamation, or by a resolution of Parliament. FATAL ACCIDENT.—At one of those dangerous sports called steeplechases, an unfortunate jockey was thrown from his horse on Wednesday last, in the county of Waterford, and killed on the spot. SOUTHAMPTON, WEDNESDAY, TEN P.M. The United States mail steamer Washington, Captain Floyd, has just arrived off this port from Bremen, on her way to New York. She brings 80 passengers, and has been delayed by moat boisterous weather since leaving the Weser. She brings no news. IMPORTANT DISCOVER I".—A 11 important discovery is said to have been made in Oregon, which, in cense quence of the great increase of commerce between that place and San Francisco will have a material influence on trade. A new and fine entrance to the mouth of the Columbia River had been discovered by accident. The Southern Pass, as it is called, has hitherto been deemed impracticable, but two vessels, it seems, had passed through it into the open sea, and the least water found was about six fathoms. It was in tended to be immediately surveyed. _ _ The Marquis of Northampton, the Earl of Alford, and their party, who have been travellirg in Upper Egypt for the last three months, have taken their passage to Mar seilles by the French steamer. - - A Goon EXAMPLE.—In consequence of the great decrease in the number of poor in the parish of St. Maryle bone, combined with the low price of provisioLs, the vestry of St. Marylebone yesterday decided to lower the rates 9d.. ill the 11. GOVERNESSES' BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION.—The anniversary dinner in aid of the fnnds of this interesting and useful charity was yesterday held at the London Tavern, Bishopsgate-street ; his Royal Highness the Duke of Cam bridge (patron) in the chair. In proposing " Prosperity to the Institution," his Royal Highness stated that it had ex isted seven years, in which its original objects had been suc cessfully carried out, and an Act of Incorporation by Royal Charter obtained to perpetuate and consolidate them. During that period the Ladies' Committee had investigated 775 individual cases; they had received 3,150 applications front these distressed ladies, and had had the pleasure of giving aid 1,620 times, with an amount of 3,9861. IBs. 6d. ; the annuities to the aged had also been steadily increased. There were now thirty-live ladies receiving regularly a small but certain income. The provident fund amounts to 58,2861., the saving of 553 ladies, invested in Government security, to form a provision for their (Id age; whilst no less than 5,552 ladies bad availed themselves of the regis tration, free of expense, of whom no less than 3,009 had been provided with situations. The asylum for the aged was, his Royal Highness stated, opened last June; and the college had greatly tended to raise the holders of its ceititi cates in public estimation. The usual toasts were drink in the course of the evening, Lord Kintore replying to that of the Houses of Parliament, and. Earl Talbot to that of tne Army and Navy. The South London Floricultural Society held yes terday their first flower show for the present year at the Horns Tavern Assembly Rooms, Kennington. The exhibi. tion consisted principally of auriculas, ciuerarias, azaleas, and polyanthuses, of which there was a large and excellent collec tion for so early a part of the season. A considerable number ''dies and gentlemen visited the exhibition during the da "arious prizes we re awar d ed, and amongst them a V handsome si, :ser cup, value 5 guineas, was allotted to Mr. W. Cole, gardener to H. Collier, E sq., o f Dartford. PRECAUTION A GAI :ST FIR E AT W INDSOR C ASTLE. —An engine of 70-horse pov, - er is now being erected on the River Thames, near Eton Coi.:ege, from which cast-iron pipes, communicating to a reservoix. at Cranbourne, in the Great Park, a distan ce o f t h ree m il es, are being laid dow n . The work will be comp l ete d b y July neat: The reservoir, - which will contain 10,000 ; 000 ga ll ons o f wa ter, is connected with pipes leading to all parts of the Castle. The cost of this undertaking, which is under the direction of Mr. Simp son, of London, will amount to 10,0001. PUNS.—I have mentioned puns. They are, I believe, what I have denominated them—the wit of words. They are exactly the same to words which wit is to ideas, and con sist in the sudden discovery of relations in language. A pun, to be perfect in its kind,should contain two distinct meanings; the cm common and obvious; the other more remote: and in the notice which the mind takes of the relation between these two sets of words, and in the surprise which that rein. tion excites, the pleasure of a pun consists. Miss Hamilton, in her book on Education, mentions the instance of a boy so very neglectful, that he could never be brought to read the word " patriarchs;" but whenever lie met with it lie always pronounced it " partridges." A friend of the writer observed to her, that it could hardly be considered as a mere piece of negligence, for it appeared to him that the boy, in calling them partridges, was making game pf the patriarchs. Now here are two distinct meanings contained in the same phrase: for to make game of the patriarchs is to laugh at them; or to make genie of them is, by a very extravagant and laugh able sort of ignorance of words, to rank them among phea sants, partridges, and other such delicacies, which the law takes under its protection and calls game : and the whole pleasure derived from this pun consists in the sudden dis covery that two such different meanings are referable to one form of expression. I have very little to say about puns; they are in very bad repute, and so they ought to be. The wit of language is so miserably inferior to the wit of ideas, that it is very deservedly driven out of good company. Sometimes, indeed, a pun makes its appearance which seems for a moment to redeem its species; but we must not be de ceived by them : it is a radically bad race of wit. By un remitting persecution, it has been at last got under, and driven into cloisters,—from whence it must never again be suffered to emerge into the light of the world.— Sydney Smith. ASTURIAN MINING COMPANY.—A special meeting of this company was held on Tuesday afternoon, at the offices in Austin-friars, Bishopsgate-street, for purposes principally connected with the proposed re-constitution of the company, Mr. Charles Cuningham in the chair. Throughout the pro ceedings the sense of the meeting seemed in favour of main taining the concern until some advantageous arrangement should be come to; and, after a very long sitting, it was eventually resolved—" That a loan of 10s. per share be raised, and that a charge be made upon the works in favour of those shareholders who contribute towards it ; and if the directors and liquidators fail in this, that then they may be autho rized to boroow 4,000/. upon mortgage of the works, on such terms as they best can ; but if sufficient funds cannot be ob tained within a reasonable time for meeting the liabilities, the directors may proceed to wind up the affairs of the com pany in the Court of Chancery." A vote of thanks to the chairman concluded the proceedings. CHINESE NEWSPAPER.—There was yesterday ex hibited in the Salle des Conferences of the Assembly a copy of a new jcnrnal, the Moniteur of .Pekin. It is written in the Chinese language, and printed with great care on very fine paper. It appeared in the Chinese capital on the Ist of January, 1850, and arrived in Europe by the last India mail. This first number contains, among other Imperial documents, an ordonnance of the Emperor Tao-Kouang, forbidding any of hi:, subjects to emigrate to California or the state of Costa-Rica.-- Guliptani of Tuesday. PARISH EMIGRATION FROM SOUTHAMFTON.-013 the 11th instant a laige party of emigrants, consisting of 128 persons, proceeded by special train from the Nine Elms Station of the London and South-Western Railway to Southampton. They were joined by other parties at Woking, Basingstoke, and Andover, bringing additions from various places—from Cl o d i lming, Wallingford, Faringdon, Andover, &c. ; and were generally of th e ag ri c ultural class, sent out by ieir respective parishes, likely to be highly serviceable in the count r i es t o which they are bound, viz., Canada and the Western 'States. The South-Western Railway Corp- pany convey such large parties at five shillings a head. The emigrants are thus saved the long detention which fre quently occurs front contrary winds in the Downs, the risks of the Uoodwin Sands, and other damages of the Channel, as well as the evil of loitering for many days about London. VICTORIA DOCKS.—The Lords of the Admiralty have given their sanction to the erection of some docks on the north bank of the river Thames, opposite Woolwich, the erection of which, it is expected, will prove of bentiit in cleariug the river and navigation of veaaels now crowding it. They are to be called " The Victoria Docks." PUNCH'S HAND-BOOK TO HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. We extract the following admirable jeu d'esprit. It is illustrated by two spirited wood-cuts from drawings by Leech ; the first represents one of the popular poses in a grand pas de deux, and the second gives us a view of the stage as seen from a box in the grand tier at the commence ment of the second act of Don Pasquale. The portraits of Lablache, Belletti, and Madame Sontag in this last illustra tion are admirable : " While we are on the frontier of the realms of song, we will furnish some useful information as to the mode of ob taining the necessary passport to enter them. It will be advisable to repair to the office of the Opera Ambassador, his Super-Excellency Mr. Nugent, who, like other diplomatic authorities, is the recognised medium for admitting all fit applicants to an audience. These passports are issued on the payment of such fees as may be required. "Though every facility is given to the granting of pass • ports, there has frequently been much difficulty in r btaining them, for it is the wise policy of the government of the realms of song not to permit harmony, which is the very genius loci, to be disturbed by the admission of greater ' numbers than it is possible to accomoCate. "As the continent may be reached by different routes, so are there various modes of arriving at the place of destina tion to which we are furnishing a Hand -Book. The best, but most expensive, course is that which avoids the some times rather stormy pit passage through the sea of popula tion, which frequently runs with the impetuosity of a torrent, through the somewhat narrow channel to which it is obliged to confine itself. " The roughness of this passage is usually at its height after Easter, when, front astronomical causes, the stars ex ercise an influence on the tide of popularity which flows ra pidly in, and there being two opposite currents, caused by one stream rushing pell-mell from Pall-Mall, and another in the contrary direction, there is a meeting of both near the centre of attraction, and it is therefore necessary to erect barriers or breakwaters to restrain their impetuosity. " The navigation is often exceedingly difficult, and it is desirable that all very slender craft should avoid the attempt to make the Opera pit passage in the height of the season ; and it is expected that this year will be distinguished by a Tempest of a very extraordinary character. Experienced pilots usually steer their course as much as possible through the centre of the stream, for otherwise there is danger of being driven out of the regular channel. " Sometimes a stout-built man-of-war may be seen making way, with a small light squadron under convoy, but the ex periment is hazardous; and though we never saw an in stance of one of the weaker vessels having actually slipped her stays, we have often seen her drifting along with great danger to her figure-head, and with some of her canvas carried away from her. There is also the unpleasant neces sity of remaining a considerable time in tne offing until the tide runs in, which it begins to do at about seven or half past;. but until then it is desirable to secure a good anchor age, which can only be obtained by taking up a station at an early opportunity. As the craft are generally rigged out to the best advantage, the rigging is liable to get a little out of order, and the weaker may often be seen making their way with a loss of bows, and labouring rather heavily until they get within the bar, where they are called upon to show their permits before going into harbour. " The more distinguished visitors enter by a much easier route, adopting the well-known pass of the Grand staircase, which leads to an extensive range of upland, having all the smoothness of the celebrated tapis vert at Versailles, with an atmosphere of that refined air, for which even the outskirts of her Majesty's Theatre are exclusively remarkable. It will be necessary for visitors to bear in mind, that on entering a new domain there are usually customs and duties to be ob served ; and there are many peculiar customs and duties con nected with an entrance into the realms of Opera. " The Customs regulations are verylrigidly enforced at the barrier; but notwithstanding the vigilance of the officers on duty, contraband commodities have occasionally been smug gled in, and there have even been cases in which that utterly , prohibited article, the surtout, has been got across the fron tier by surreptitious means, such as pinning up the skirts to avoid detection on the outskirts. It would occupy too much space to furnish a list of those objects that are not allowed to pass; but it may be stated, that any one who wilfully makes an object of himself by his absurdity of costume will be at once objected to. "The law is by this time so well understood that attempts to violate it are exceedingly rare, but now and then a bold smuggler will advance towards the frontier with an umbrella or some other offensive weapon, and render it necessary that a seizure should be nude; a proceeding which is always con ducted with a mixture of gentleness and firmness highly creditable to the authorities. The article stopped is not for feit ed, but is deposited in the hands of the proper officer, who takes charge of it till the return of the traveller, who is ex pected to follow the customary laws by giving a small cus tomary fee on the re-delivery of the goods seized as contra band. Bonnets are of course prohibited, and, indeed, they are now seldom brought as far as the frontier, for no one now takes such a thing into her head, or on to it, when visiting this locality. " The only indispensable luggage consists of a binocular lorgnette, which is essential to a due appreciation of the nu merous beauties of the place now about to be entered. By its aid distant objects are brought near, and though distance lends enchantment to some views, the scenes we are about to open to the eye of the traveller in these favoured regions cannot be brought too near to us. Though we are some what precipitating matters, by giving thus early a glimpse of what is passing within, we avail ourselves of the power of the opera-glass to advance, or, rather, to bring nearer one of those interesting tableaux, which perpetually arrest our at tention, and the details of which we shall shortly more mi nutely go into." THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. We have received the Paris journals of yesterday. The whole of the reactionary journals have adopted M. LFCLERC as their candidate, and it is said he will also have the support of Generels CAVAIGNAC and LAMORICIERE, the former of whom, when chief of the Executive, conferred on M. LECLERC the ribbon of the Legion of Honour. Notwithstanding the support thus afforded him, the Electoral Union have, according to the Journal des Debats, come to the decision that a pre paratory ballot shall take place before they will re commend:the adoption of any candidate for Paris. In the National Assembly, on Tuesday, M. JOLY attempted to induce the Members to re-consider their determination to stop the allowances of those political martyrs who had suffered for their opinions during the ascendancy of the Monarchy ; he did not, how ever succeed, as, after a stormy discussion, the previous question was carried by 406 to 211. The Gendarmerie Mobile is to be increased. A letter from Cahors says—" A deplorable scene has just taken place here, which will be doubtless turned to account by the Socialist party. Some sub officers of the depot battalion of the 58th, iu garrison at this place, and others belonging to a battalion of the 44th, passing through the town, assembled, as usual, to take a fraternal glass together. After copious libations, and urged on by the chief edi tor of the Reformateur du lot, a Red journal, they began to sing the llfarseillaise ' and various Socialist songs. They were on their knees singing, when the Commissary of Police having interfered to put an end to the tumult, which had already drawn together a considerable crowd, they positively refused to obey his injunctions. He wished to arrest the most riotous among them, when he was grossly insulted, and sabres were drawn. Several cries of Vive la Republique Democratique et Sociale !' were raised." The Courrier du Lot gives the following account of the affair :—" By order of the Procureur of the Repub lic, M. Jaffus, the Commissary of Police, went to the caft where the tumultuous proceedings were going on, and on the outside of which a considerable crowd had assembled. He there found several sub officers of the 58th ; t.4vo of them were standing on chairs singing seditious songs, the choruses of which were rep eate d b y a b out 50 ot h ers c f that re giment and the 44th with great animation. As soon as he could obtain a hearing the Commissary re quested that an end might be put to the noise, and observed that soldiers, particularly those who held a certain rank, ought not to set an example of disorder. To this the sub•officers of the 58th replied that they would sing, and that it was no business of his ; whilst those of the 44th replied in more respectful terms, and withdrew. Three sub-officers of the 58th raised seditious cries in passing before the Com missary of Police, and a sergeant made use of the following insulting expressions : It is infamous that that canaille of a Commis sary of Police should have prevented our singing, when we are under a Republic,' after which he shouted out Viva la Republique Democratique et Sociale! A bas les blancs !' adding, We will soon do justice on them, and on you too, Commis sary.' The Commissary replied that if he con tinued in that strain he would have him arrested. The sergeant defied him, and at that moment he was laid hold of and placed in the hands of the police authorities, but immediately afterwards four individuals of the town endeavoured to prevent his being taken to the Hotel de Ville. See ing that they could not succeed in their purpose, they ran off to fetch some sub-officers, who came with sabres in their hands. One of them, a ser geant-major, attempted to strike the Commissary of Police with his sabre, but the blow was parried by a garde champetre. The sergeant then cried out. There will be some mischief done if you at tempt to take off our comrade.' The five other sub officers having uttered the same threat, with their abres raised on the police officers, the Commissary of Police, in order to avoid bloodshed, told his agents to release the sergeant, whose name and company he took note of, and on the following day he and another were placed under arrest." PARIS BOURSE, APRIL 17.—Latest Prices—Five per Cents., 88f. 35c. ; Three per Cents, 55f. ; Bank of France, 2,095 r. BUSINESS DONE IN FOREIGN RAILWAYS AT THE LONDON STOCK-RXCEIANUE, APRIL 17. Boulogne and Amiens, 6—Northern of France, 12—Or leans and Bordeaux, 2 1 1 —Itouen and ilavre, B;i—Sambre and Meuse, 214. DREADFUL ACCIDENT in FRANCE 300 LIVES LOST. We have received the following from our Paris cor• respondent -- PARIS, WEDNESDAY EVENING In the Assembly to-day General d'llautpoul stated that the iron bridge at Angers had broken down while 'our companies of the 11th Legers were passing, and hat 300 had been drowned. The following is the announcement by Gnera d'Hautpoul to the Assembly of this melancholy oc.. currence:— General d'llautpoul said, "I have a most painful communication to make to the Assembly. A batta lion of the 11th Regiment of Light Infantry on en tering Angers experienced a most frightfill catas trophe. At the moment it was crossing the suspen sion bridge the chains on one side gave way, and four companies fell into the river. The men unfortunately carried their arms and baggage; the wind blew vio lently from the east, rain fell in torrents, and a regular hurricane prevailed. The inhabitants ofAngers evinced the greatest zeal and activity on the occasion, but the boats were unable to arrive in time to save many lives. We have received as yet no official return of the casualities, and the number of victims is calcu lated at been 200 and 300. On hearing of that mis fortune the President of the Republic sent off in all haste one of his Aide -de-Camps to offer consolations to the survivors. The Government, on its side, intends to submit to your deliberation a project of law, with a view to allay the grief of some disconsolate mothers. —(" Immediately," cried several members.) M. Leon Faucher said that he was sure of being the interpreter of the sentiments of the Assembly in declaring that it shared the emotion of the Minister of War. SPAIN. Madrid journals of the 12th have arrived. It was reported that changes were to be made in the Spanish corps dTlomatigue. The following ap pointments were considered probable :—M. ISTURITZ would proceed to London as Minister of Spain ; Gene ral LUIS ARMERO Y MIRALLAS, to Berlin, in the same capacity; M. BERTRAM DI LYS would exchange the Turin Legation for that of Vienna ; end M. Tacon would succeed him in Turin. Should the QUEEN give birth to a male child, he will assume the title of Prince of the Asturias. The delegates of that province who are t o ass i s t at t h e ce remonies which are to take place on the occasion are already chosen. Their names are Messrs. MoN, PiDAL, the , Marquis DE CAMPO SA GRADO , t h e M arq uis DE UAS TANAGA, Count DE VI LLAGIGEDO, an d General EVA EBY SAN MIGUEL. Th e di gn i ty o f Prince of the Asturias was instituted in the Cortes which met at Valencia in 1588, by th e Ki ng of Castille Don JUAN IL, in favour of his son Don ENRIQUE, at the period of his marriage with CATHERINE Of England, daughter of the Duke of LANCASTER. MADRID BOLSA , A PRIL 12.—The Cents. were done at 294 Three pe r . for paper ; the Four p er Cents. at 13j; the Five per Cents. at 13k; th e Debt without Interest, at 4 1-16; and the Coupons, at 8. GERMANY. following from from Dresd en o f the 12t h April : Letters fro m M un i c h o f t h e 11th state that a tele graphic di s p atc h had b een rece ived from Vi enna , an . nouncing th e conc l us i on o f an arrangement b e t ween The Ptugsian St a ats A " Oa the 211 ill January lest, Austria and P russ i a , Otto Wigard, deputy from teiPaic to t h e Second Cham and Holstein, nzeg b i er e , r has moved non-partition o f t h e duc hi es o f Schleswig the that Chamber do exp ress t h e i r wish to the Governme nt t h at it will interf ere energet i ca ll y f o r the independ ence and and protest against any treaty of peace which shall in volve the partition of the same, and at the same time de clare its readiness to co-operate in this affair wherever and whenever it may be necessary. " In conseq uence o f t hi s motion, the two Ch am b ers have pissed the following resolution:—` They desire to express to tho Government their confident assurance that it will, in conjunction with the ether German States, or with some of them, energetically strive for a speedy conclusion of such a peace with Dinmark as shall se cure the rights of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, and thereby insure the integrity, and consequently the honour and interest of Germany.' " Your Majesty has recognised the affairs of Schles wig -holstein to be German, inasmuch as you permitted Saxon warriors, and among them even a Prince of the royal h ouse , to take part in tile bloody contest for it. And therefore with the more assurance we look for a fulfilment of the expectations expressed in the resolution of ourconstitutionat motion. " We are, witl;th7;eatcst req,cet, your Majeity's obedient Chambers." A Cabinet Council wits held at Berlin on the 14th, at which the KING presided. The Council, which sat four hours, deliberated on the late Erfurt resolutions. It was agreed to sanction the en bloc acceptation of the Charter of the Constitution. Baron MANTEUFFEL left Berlin for Erfurt on the evening of the 14th for the purpose of informing the two Houses of the fitet that the Prussian Government is resolved to go with the Erfurt Parliament. Letters fiotn Frankfort of the 15th inst., in the Kolner Zeitung, state that sundry conferences have of late . taks-n .place between the ELECTOR and the Grand Duke of HESSEDi and the Prince of PRUSSIA. I:he:result of these conferences, is that the Electorate and the Grand Duchy of Hessen v$ ill remain mem bers of the Prussian League. A letter from Magdeburg of the 15th inst., in the Kolner Zeitung, announces the sudden and violtnt outbreak of the cholera at Halberstadt. The Prince of Pitessu arrived at Troves on the 15th inst. The Vienna Official Reichszeitung of the 13th inst. has the following important news : "The Interim' has hitherto served as a keystone to the Germanic Confederation, but it wanted strength and influence, and became a prey to the prevalent dissen sions. Some people hoped to see it in the course of time more compact, energetic, and influential. They conse quently did their best to prop it up. But after a long Fe riod of irresolution, it has been resolved to replace the Interim' by a more energetic organ. We are informed that the Plenipotentiariei of all the German Governments will take the place of the Interim,' and thus form the organ of the Confederation in its foreign relations, until the constitutionl questions which at present cause dissen sions shall have hem settled. 'rho Austrian Cabinet has undertaken to publish an address to the members of the Confederation, and to invite them in the first days of May to meet at Frankfort under the presidency of Austria. It is said that Prussia does not object to this plan.", ROLLS' COURT.-(THIS DA- 14 1 3I UHT V. THE SHREWSBURY &C., RAILWAY c o3ll ;fb The further arguments in his motion oecuPl, L . Jrdship, the Master of the Roll, the whole morrolir VICE - CHANCERY. —(THIS A (Befure the VICE-CHANCELLO R of ENGLAND' Honour the Vice-Chancollor of England be d causes to-day. NORMAN v. HAMMACK. et ° The further ar guments i n th i s partly- b ear d o il were resumed to-d a y, an d occup i ed the Court the If morning._ (I fore the Vice-Chancellor KNIGHT 13nric 5 ; ) 00 His Honour hea r d causes to-day but nothing 0' rest came before him (hiring the morning. (Before the Vice-Chancellor WiwiAm.) INDERWICK V. SNELL. tb/ The further argu ments i n t hi s part-heard isoi°l3'l46, facts of which we have already given, occupied his nour the whole morning. BAIL CO URT.—(THIS DAY' ) (th,fore Mr. Ju;:tk.* COLERIDGE.) . 0 1 RO I MACKENZIE V. THE SLIGO A ICI) SHANNON COMPANY. , Mr. WORDSWORTH mo %e d f or a ru l e nisi callin g le 01, the plaintiff to show cause why the proceedings in d action should not be stayed or set aside, o n the g r ,i i vi that the affairs of the company were being arrangno dispos%d of under the Joint Stock Company's 1311 bet Up Act. The plaintiff soug h t to recover 3,3201, ",10, had been award e d t o hi m f or wor k ar. d labour d°1;01 tn engineer, but it w as d ou b t f u l w h et h er he b a d 6 11;11 to proceed by attachment under the award, as h9 O O l attempting to do, so as t o o bt a i n j u d gment against i„" tb member of the company. Th e quest i on i nvo l ve d n e o case was the construction of two Acts of Parlisl° namely, the 11th and 12th Vicbria, c. 45, which e , l O into farce on the 14th o f A ugust, 1848, an d the ' O l and 13th Victoria, c. 108, which was passed on t 7,„ of August, 1849. On the 4th of May, 1849, 0 . , 00 Chancellor if England m a d e a d ecree un d er to 0.4 Act dissolving this company, re f err i ng the aintitit) of its affairs to Mr. Seni or; b ut th e secon d A c t, tbd seemed to be declaratory of the first, provided 0 4 neither of the two Acts "shall" apply to incorPorter railway companies, and the question now to be u v e , mined was whether that provision was prospect;' ;o o retrospective. If it were only prospective the P o ',,dit ought only to come in with the other creditors °or the decree of the Court of Chancery, and as th e tU Pendants contended th a t i t was, t h ey wished to bai p lurther proceedings stayed by the Court. Mr. Justice COLERIDGE granted a rule nisi. Rule nisi accordingly. SHERIFFS' COURT.—(TIIIS DA I.I (Bc tore Mr. Under-Sheriff BURcHELL.) LOAN SOCIETIES.—OAREs V. FAULKNER. 0 This vk sax an action brought to r ecover t h e sue' ", ijf ss. on a promissory note. D e f en d ant p l ea d e d thf" did not make the note. A ear A witness, named Manser, was ca ll e d , and go - t hs denco that he was present when the defendant sign n note. In cross-examinati on , t h e w i tness sa id t hat Ll' p ei not know who the plaintiff was. The note was loci , at No. 12, Ilaye's place, M ar yl e b une, at a Lesel!,oo The money was paid by M r . Nice, the secretary. not say who formed the so c i e ty, an d had no interest 'dr himself; except being employed by the secretary t ° liver circulars, The UNDER-SHERIFF said it did not ma tter w PC) O plaintiff was, the only issue was w h et h er defee (lo signed the note. 0 1 The Defendant's ATTORNEY asked the witness became of the note after it was signed? ht V ‘ The UNDER. SHERIFF s a id it did slot signify ir a came of it, the issue was the same. is' • The ATTORNEY submitted that he was entitled t ° quire who the plaintiff was, and for that purP se should call the secretary, who was in court. • b oos The UNDER• SHERIFF said that of course he was ,„ s eti to hear any evidence for th e d e f ence , b ut i t wa s a; of time unless the handwriting could be disproveu• The secretary was then ca ll e d, b ut re f use d to be °W as he bad not been subpoenaed. - The ATTORNEY submitt e d th a t any party In could be called on to give evidence. The UNDER•SHERIFF said the party might or Do r not answer to his name, but there was no power tO pel him to give evidence in such a case • Plaintiff's ATTORNEY said the ou , j eot was to e lie&t e ll' deuce for some other purpose. of The UNDER-SHERIFF dir ec t e d t h e j ury, w ho P verdict for the amount. MANSION-HOUSE.-(THIS DA IT II' James Brown was brought up for re-exarninsti on fore Mr. Ald e rm an Gibb s , on t h e charge o f h a t l ge o stolen the "Leadenh a ll- i t reet wa lk" general p 05116. , Mr. Peacock attended f or th e prosecution. Ore° Mr. Inspector Fosb err y' s ev id ence , i n w hi c h al? toc the prisoner's confession of having carried off L ue he itil and throwing it from L on d on -b r id ge i nto t h e r iver, " read over, Mr. John Shuttleworth, grocer, of Weather-or stated that he dealt with Messrs. Simpkia, of Le h il , o o hall-street. On the 14th o f t hi s mont h h e sent t"-eifil letter containing th e h a lf o f a 1 0 1. note . Its roc ' was acknowledged, and on the 7th he f orw arde°,o6 other half of the 101. not e . H o poste d the lette r. fr oit receipt of the second half was not acknowledged. 011 0 10th he came to London, hearing that Mr. Simpki ll a hO [ not got the other h a lf. H o pro d uced the first by t° sent. it was No. 74,168, d ate d F e b . 4. The bait WI • found on the prisoner he believed to be the second he forwarded to Mears. Simpk'n. of Mr. James Bishop, clerk to Simpkin and nu c tio; Leadenhall-street—lle was in the habit of ol le isti the General Post-Alice letters. On the sth of Fe"' the ball of a 101. in to arrived from Mr. Shuttleol There was no ttkr from Mr Sh u ttl ewor th on the 81 r 0' William Peckham, th e letter carrier,. was th eli de, mined—He deliv ere d i n t h e ne i g hb our h oo d o f Le" g o hall-street. Cale w as hi s ass i stant . O n t h e m orn 1,', 5 : , the Bch they got their letters, about 300, from the, g Ol office to deliver. H e p ut t h em i n a bl ue bag. Ca his letters at the same time, and he put them in tic o le They left the Post -office at 20 minutes to nine• i . v er carried both bag s . Th ey walked together to the cif°, of Bishopsgat e - s t reet . T here be met a man b e from the country, and he stopped and spoke' t ° ,, t Cale went on, and he saw him place his bag d°"„ p "r 01 the door of Maine and Heed's shop, at the eo r ',io Bishopsgate-street, wishing his friend good ye r Ti e He walked towards the door, and he noticed tj t : n the act of crossing the street. Before he could get "'ion door some men who were passing intercepted big : vet i/ and on reaching the door t h e b ag was gone . ' o r down Leadenhall-street to see if any person was ,c;bl4 ing it, but did not meet with it. H a d nu t seen 4 '7., ;he since. There were about seven b un dl es ti e d up 11 : bag. There was also a small memoran d um book 1„ :0 and a saucer containing veal and p or k. Th a t W 6 b " for lunch. A letter posted at We a th ers fi e ld on the 7, 'lb. delivery in Leadenhall-street, would have been i n bag. bog John Cale, the assistant, deposed to leaving Ow, at the shop-door of Messr F . M a i ne an d H e ed, 9 " • corner of Bishopsgate-street. t he Mr. Peacock said the finding of the half-note e i err i. prisoner had been proved by M r . Inspector F°°b„clecif He therefore wished the prison er t o h e f ur th e r in order to complete the case. The prisoner made no objection, and Alderman GIBBS accordingly remanded lai n Tuesday. MARLBRO'-STREET.—(THIS CAUTION TO 021INITiUS CONDUCTORS.—Fr ederich 4 8dr the conduoter of one of the Chelsea was brought before Mr. Bingham, c h arge d with 'VS' drunk, a nd making use of abusive language to gr,.; j c e Liam D. Burnaby, the Chief Clerk at B ow . s t re et .r°^ i court. in to The complainant stated th a t l ast n i ght h e got gOs the defendant's omnibus in Sl oane - street. Af te r he ; 0 0 in, the[ciet;'ndant wanted to put a fourteenth P e ii in, but as there were already thirteen inside, and s o d was extremely ,hot at the ti me , com pl a i n ant remonstro i o with him on the :Impropriety of such a proceeding. to e this juncture, a fem,. , le came up, and wanted to get if voi t " bus," when clefenda:a, in a jeering tone, said cannot get in, there are L 'o gentlemen inside." After r o d some distance, the defeno,:nt got down, and pure? a cigar; and having mounted his board, 13 : 0 0' to blow such a cloud as to atoost suffocate the 1 34 "„ or gers inside. Not satisfied witi; this, he took tw ° ,l 3 io l sons on the step, thus excluding all tie air. On a ski A esp tiol; to keep the door clear, he said, " 01:, never ruil'7, b t o it is only the b- threepenny." When the s be reached the Circus comp l a i nant got out, whereurrlop defendant called out " There goes the b threeP e 4 ir he wants to bilk me o f my f are, " at t h e same time "be ing him by the wrist with great force, and swearil o r. (complainant) should not go until he had paid th e t oss Complainant gave him a threepenny pi e ce, an bio took out his pocketbook, with a view of taking bid number. Defendant observing this, heaped uP° ll j)o' such torrents of abuse that he gave him in chtirge' fendant was very tipsy at the time. AS a The defendant, who said coroplainant's fasten:Wl 0 0 much exaggerated, was fined 305., or one month. , money was paid, and defendant w as cau tioned as ,o future conduct. AS iV EATING.—If we are really to defend the ne ce ,"d ca of tating in this world, we ought to proceed logically id — saa tegorically. In the first place, it is an eating WO 'l O OO seems to have been made on purpose for eating 14 , 11 ,„,5 -eaten eaten ; and really the greater part of the animal creation seem to have nothing else to do. Man, indeed, writes u — t hat but even the end of these is that he may eat, or rath er 00 his bookseller and publisher may. It is, moreover, rro e ' c i, so every animal eats as much as it can procure, and as 1111 . 1 ,, eat' it can hold. A cow eats but t o s l ee p, and sleeps but witlie and, not content with eating all d a y l ong , " tw i c e it slaY i j o yiS slain," and eats its dinner o'er again. A whale s wi ' fl ari 10,0L0,C00 of living shrimp s a t a d raug h t ; a nu rsling el l- ea te bird eats its own bulk in a day ; and a caterpills t ter 500 times its weight b e f ore i t li es d own t o rise a '"bich tly. The mite a n d t h e maggot eat the very wor ld la dim' they live; and th e h yena , f oe want o f b etter f oo d i eat s IA self. Yet the maggot has not the out and the wha le subject to the sciatica. Nor does Captain , Lyon inf er : of that an E.-quimaux is troubled with toothache, dysP e P ; s i ;Rs hysterics, though l ie ea t s t en poun d s o f sea l, and dr"' gallon of oil at a meal.—Doinestic Economist. inli ne SUBMARINE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH.—The 1; we ell, Publigue states that th e su bm ar i ne electric telegraph Dover and Calais is to be opened to the public on thej,. e ncli May, the anniversa r y of the proclaMation of the x' Republic by the Constituent Assembly. nef GLASGOW AND NEW YORK.--The splendiu !„.l iron steam-ship, the City of Glasgow, took her delisr,ot from the Broomielaw on Tuesday afternoon, on her ; i$ trip to New York. The novelty of the occasion (th is , the first steamer which has ever sailed from the Clyde 7,,,4 goods and passengers for America) excited an immento "`., of interest. tuts. • 3 lirrsi s Aberd, Ditt Amber Ayrsh ifas 'Barka ktit. e.all D,,, D o., istrinii calls Caledc • ell. ete vita Direct Dublin ,tound a Easto r D o .; Do.; Do. b o : Easter 440 )(); loan existi Cons( !wet) n ave Each Thi maY, Yolth South isri gh kidla South Cl%led 41t) p bit -48 t Do t Ceti 4d irib Edi t t ) Ditt --„zete Groat Ojt kiond, „D o . L Do. .•„, bl t it r, ; .c ' a oit I)i t 111!dia TJit etid, Lir fit tit tt midi t hin ~„ Pet mewc B; 3 a ra L, PRI