The Sun. — London, England, 1850-02-01 00:00:00

Fr GERMANY. The Rd ner ZeitNng publishes the following tele graphic dispatch :-- " BERLIN, JAN. 20.—The eleetionary agitation fir the Lower house of the German Parliament is setting favourably in the direction of the Gotha (Constitutional) party. Four districts have offered to cleat M. Camp hausen (late Minister of State), but he has declined ac cepting their votes, as he is bound to his former con stituents. The Upper House of the Prussian Parliament has this day concluded the general debate on the Royal Mes sage of the 7th January. They have accepted, in har mony with the resolutions of the Lower House—Art. 1, on the Press. Art. 2 and 3, Lsndsturm and Civic Guards. Art. 4. Time of dissolution of Chambers. Art. 9. Electionary Distric.ts. They have negatived Art. 5, Responsibility of Ministers. ITALY. The Piedmontese Gazette of the 26th inst. contains the following from Venice:— "On the 13th, the Abbe Barbaran, librarian to the se minary, the rich banker Sartori, the son of the engineer BizaCen, the apothecary of St. Leonard, and the coffee house-keeper of Antenor, were arrested at Padua. The two first, however, were shortly afterwards restored to liberty. The arrest warrants had been forwarded from Verona on a denunciation that the above parties were engaged in some private gambling transaction. It is re ported that a constitution for the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom will abortly be published, and that Marshal Ra letzsky will remove the seat of his government to Venice. The commissariat of the army is also to ba transferred to our city. THE COUNTRY MARKETS. BIRMINGHAM, JAN. 31.—At Gloucester market, on the 16th, wheat was 13 to 2s per qr cheaper : at Worcester, same day, a reduction of is per qr was submitted to. Barley very - difficult to dispose of. Fine oats in fair request, but all other descriptions were neglected. Beans and peas nominally un altered, and less pressed for sale. During the present week both buyers and sellers have shown little disposition for business, and the few sales reported in wheat and barley are at a further decline of Is per qr. Oats have been taken in retail, at former prices. On beans the turn is in favour of the buyer, with very Tittle demand. Peas are held for former rates. At this day's market wheat was again Is per qr lower. Barley very dull, and 6d to Is per qr. cheaper. Oats nominally unaltered. Beans and peas held for former prices, but no progress could be made in either. BRISTOL, JAN. 31. —The supply of wheat was large, the condition generally bad, and the trade dull, at a decline of fully Is per qr. English wheat sold at 36s to 42s per imperial qr. Foreign white sold at 44s to 48'; ditto red, fine, sold at 40s to 43s ; ditto red, ordinary, sold at 37s to 40s; ditto hard, sold at 3'3s to 39s.per 48011)3. The barley trade was inactive at last week's prices. English malting barley sold et 25s to 29s per imperial qr. English and Foreign grinding sold at 183 6 , 1 to 20s per 4001b3. The oat trade was dull, at previous rates. Devon and Welch oats sold at 153 to 16s per imperial qr. Irish white sold at 173 to 18e per 3201h5. Ditto black at 15s 64 to 163 per imperial quarter. Foreign oats, ' none. The bean trade was a turn lower. Engli s h beans soh at 28s to 32s per imperial quarter, foreign beans sold at 25. to 28s per 4Solbs. Flour was a limited demand at 19 per sack lower, English se conds sold at 27s to 30s per sack, and American sweet sold at ' 23s to 24s per barrel. The averages were—Bristol wheat 49s 3.1, Gloucester wheat 40s 2d, Bristol oats 15s 2d, Glou cester oats 17s 3d, Bristol barley 27e 53, Gloucester barley,2ss, Bristol beans 30s, Gloucester beans 28s. BOSTON, JAN. 3).—Wheat, red 34s to 38s Od, white 425; oats 12s to 16s; beans, 24s to 27s per quarter. elszaroan, JAN. 28.—Wheat, white 393 to 425; red 361 to 39s ; barley 21s to 265; oats 14s Od to 183; beans, 26s to 32s per qr. •Lv NW, JAN'. •29s—Wheat 30s to 335, fine 3.5 s to 33s per qr. ; barley 20s to 225, fine 2 Is per qr. ALFORD.—Averages for the week ending Jan22B—Wheat 363 O d ; barley 22s 6id ; oats 183 9,1; beans 001 per quarter. UrTINGHAM, JAN. 33.—Wheat 36, to 405; barley 211 to 24s ; .pats 14s to 223 ; beans 2.1 s to 34s per quarter. Butter lOW to 11 d per lb ; egga 16 for is. NEWARK, JAN. 30.—Wheat, white 40s to 445, extra Ws, red 384 to 425, extra 03; barley, malting 22s to 245, extra 003, grinding 20s to 21: Od; foreign Os to Os; oats Ps to 20s; beans, old 34s to 363, new 235 to 27. ; peas 27s to 23s ; tares 313 to 40s ; malt 543 to 56s per qr. ROTHERHAM, JAN. 28.—Good beef 5s Od to 5s fid • prime small heifers 6s to 6s 31 per stone ; mutton, 44d to 51d per lb. EDINBURGH GRAIN MARKET, JAN. JO.—Wheat—The einantity of wheat brought forward to-day was 1,148 qrs. being 376 qrs. less than last week. The top price 61, and the average 10d down-162 qrs unsold. Barley—The quantity brought forward was 1,071 qrs, being 68 qrs more than last week. Price on the top the same, and the average 2d down-258 gas unsold. Oats—OZ this kind of grain we had 1,250 qrs brought forward, or 80 qrs less than last week. The top price Gd up, and the avenge 5d down-175 qrs unsold. Beans —The quantity of beans to-day was 202 qrs, or 14 qrs more than last week. Price on the top 6d up, and the average 23 down-84 qrs unsold. Top of Wheat 65 lb. 40s 03 „ Barley 57 lb. 26s Od ~ Oats ••• 21s Od ~ Beans 29s Od EDINBURGH CATTLE MARXRT, JAN. 30.—The supply of cattle this morning was 488, being 82 fewer than last week. The ittenclance of buyers was numerous, consequently sales were more easily effected, at a slight rise in price. Top price, 7s to 7s 3d ; current, 6s 6d ; middling and inferior, 5s to 6s per Dutch stone. The supply of sheep this morning was 2,348, being 870 less than last week. On account of the sluggish state of the London market, sales we r e ver y d u ll, and at - the close of the market a good many were unsold. Top price of best mutton, bid per lb ; current, 43 to 5d ; inferior, 34 to 3id. Coat, JAN. 30—Flour—First 123 6d to 13s 6d extra 15s ; seconds, lls to 12s 63 ; households Os to 103 6d; thirds, 6s to 83 per cwt. Oatmeal lOs to 1056 d; Indian meal 7s to 7s 6d •' wheat meal, lOs to 10s 63 per cwt. Indian corn 1353 to 137 s al per ton. Bran 31103 to 3/12s 6dper ton. Hay—Farmers 16s to 38s; average 255; dealers 34s to 00. Od; average 00s per ton. Str aw—Farmers 21s 03 to 30s Od ; average 00s; dealers 34s Ott to 00s Oil; „ average 00s Od per ton. Bread—Wheaten loaf 6d to 6d; household loaf 3d to sid per 41b. Fresh butter, 8d to 103 per lb_ Eggs-5s 2d to 5s 43 per hundred. Coals— Newport 13s; Lydney 17s ; Landore 153; Best Neath Calm 141 per ton. Tallow 393 Od to 00s per cwt. Whisky, 25 o. p., 5s 9d per imperial gallon. Meat —Beef r4d to 6d; mutton 4d to 6d; veal Od to Od; pork 4d to Od; bacon 63 to 44 ; sausages 3d per lb. Hops 131 Os per cwt. Bangor slates 312 s 6d to 315 s per ton. Bark--Barbary 71 3 s to Si 5s ; Valonia 141 to 01; French 7155; English 01 per ton. Fleece Wool 10s to 12s per stone. Hemp 321 to 00/ per ton. Fish— Seotch herrings 18s to 193; red ditto 24s to 265 per barrel ; Newfoundland DJ Os to 111 per ton: Timber—Memel, 851 per ton ; deals, first quality, 18s ; second quality, 16s per 100. Hides—Market 13s to 203; salted las , to 20. per cwt ; calf skins 2d to 31 per lb. Potatoes, -white 7d to 9d ; Minions 12d to 13d • Guano— Peruvian, 111 10s; Icbaboe, 91 per ton ; Tar—Archangel, 19s per barreL POLICE INTELLIGENCE. WORSHIP-STREET. Margaret Higgins and Elizabeth Smith, two women of depraved habits, were placed at the bar before Mr. Ar nold for final examination, charged with having been concerned in administering chloroform to Mr. Frederick Hardy Jewitt, a solicitor, in Lime-street, City, and Westham, Essex, and subsequently robbing him of his watch, finger ring, personal clothing, and various other articles. Mary Anne Hurley, the wife of a beer-shopkeeper, deposed that the prisoners jointly occupied tho back room of the house in Thrall -street, Spitalfielis, to which the prosecutor had been forcibly conveyed in a state of insensibility, and that both of them had vacated the apartment iramediat Ay after the commission cf the robbery. The prisoner Higgins subsequently call at her house, accompanied by a man named Ganaghan, with whom she had some conversation respecting the occur rence, in the course of which she heard her inform her companion that she bad sold the watch for a sovereign, but that the ring had only fetched 3g. and that "Fat Btt " (meaning the oth er p r i soner ) had received I3s. 6d. out of it. The prisoner added, that she had sold the scarfifor 93.,:and made other observations in refer ence to it which left no doubt that she was implicated in the robbery. • Mr. Christopher Levick, a surgeon, at Westham, stated that he had professionally attended the prosecu tor for about five weeks previous to the outrage, as he suff.Ted from jaundice of a very serious character, and had taken large quantities of calomel, which had produced a very weakening effect upon his system. On the afternoon cf the I 1 th ult. he was hastily summoned to attend the prosecutor, who was suffering from ex treme nervous prostration, and complained of severe pains in the head and other sensations, which satisfied him that chloroform had recently been administered to him. He also observed that the pupils of his eyes were greatly contracted, from which symptom, coupled with the confased state of his ideas, he was decidedly of opinion that he was also labouring under the effects of some poirerfal 'narcotic, which had been taken inter nally after the application of the chloroform. He re mained in the same, condition for the first three dap, but gradually rallied, and exhibibited a marked improvement until hi s return home from the former investigation at this court, when he suddenly re lapsed into a very dangerous and prec ar i ous s t ate , an d continued delirious for several days. The witness added the t the prosecutor's debility was so excessive, that it was not till the preceding afternoon that, for the first time since the previous hearing, he was even capable of leaving his bed. The depositions, which were very volumi nous , were then completed and the prisoners were fully committed to Newgate fir trial. THAMES. James Elmslie Duncan, aged 28, the Chartist poet and orator, described in the polico sheet as an author, of No. 355, High-street, Wapping, was brought before Mr. Ingham- charged with wilfully and maliciously breaking a dresser, destroying a svindowblind, and smashing some cups and saucers and a pane of glass in the house of Mr. J. J. Grant, coffee-shopkeeper, in Cable-street, Wellolose-square. Mr. INGRAM said he must pay for the damage or be imprisoned for 14 days. Duncan said he would not pay any fine, he would go to prison. Mr. INGHAM —Very well. The commitment was made out. WrraAm.—The unfortunate lady Mrs. (C. B.) Leigh, of Wickham-place, died on Tuesday, from the injuries which she received from a cow on the 18th inst. There had been no hope of her from the first, and but for her great physical energy she could not have sur vived so long. The deceased lady was, as we stated on Monday, a sistlr of Sir John Tyssen- Tyrell , of Bore ham-house, M.P., for North Essex. BRAI/9.—Th e b rain ' of WEIGHT or Trtu iirmtrz Cavier weighed 64i oz.; this wa.3 the largest on record. That of Dr. ..A.borcrombie was 63 oz. ; that of Duptiy. tren, a celebrated surgeon of France, 63i oz.; Dr. Chalmers, 53 or. (skull very thick); Sir Walter Scott, not large, perhaps average, but not weighed ; L or d Byron, 58 oz. We understand that the }Jon. Min Campbell, eldest daughter cf Lord Campbell, is shortly to be unitld in Enarihc,r e with the Rey. William White, mi nister of the English Chapel at Jelburgb. The cere mony is expected to take place iu London.--.lfelso Chronicle. . IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Jan. 31. The gallery doors were opened at ten reint.tn af,er two o'clock, when we found that the Sp:akcr t cd lef, the House, having been summered to the Home or Peers, to be present at the lt , yal Commission, end to hear her Alajoqy's Speech. We gathered that the Srs..ir.r.n had taken the Chair at a quarto: balm two o'clock, when prayers were read, and that about 100 Members were present, nearly all of whom eccomFanied the Speaker to the other House. The Speaker returned at half-past two. The House then adjourned until a quarter to Four o'clock. The House resumed at Four o'clock, when there was a very full attendance of Members. Lord John Russell, Sir George Grey, and the other Members of the Go vernment, entered the House about twenty minutes after four o'clock. THE SUN, LONDON, NEW MEMBERS. The following Gentlemen took the oaths and their seats:—Hoc. D. A. Pelham, for Boe.ton; Mr. J. F. Stanford, for Reading; Mr. J. Best, for Kidderminster; Mr. William John Evelyn, for West Surrey; Colonel J. C. Chatterton, for Cork city; and Lord Alexander Lennox, for New Shoreham. THANKS TO THE ARMY IN INDIA. The SPEAKER informed the Hou3o a at, since the close. of the last session, he had received a letter from Major-General Thackrrell, acknowledging the vote of thanks the House had passA to thn, army in India fir their services in Punisub. PUBLIC BUSINESS. Mr. TUFNELL said perhaps the House would allow him to take that opportunity of announcing the order in which it was proposed to introduce the first Government measures of the session. —(Cries of " Hea-, hear.") On Monday his Noble Friend the First Lord cf the Treasury vroulll move for leave to bring in a Bill to amend the Government of Australia, and at the same time his Noble Friend would avA himself of the oppor tunity of stating the views and intentions cf Govern ment, with re3ard to the colonies generally. On Wednesday the Solicitor-General would move for leave to bring in several Bills to amend and alter the praltice of the Superior Comts in Ireland ; and also a Bill for the registration of land•i in Ireland. On Friday his R; ht Hon. Friend the Secretary for Ireland would move f leave ti bring in a Bill to restrain party proce3sion3 in Ireland; on the same day his Right lion. Friend the Chancellor of the Exchtquer would move for If ave to bring in a Bill having relatio❑ to the manage ment of Crown Lind Revenues. On Monday, Feb. 11, his Right lion. Friend the Presi , lent of the Board cf Trade, would move for leave to bring in a Bill to alter and regulate the manning of the merchant service. On the same day his Right Hon. Friend would move for leave to introduce a Bill to alter and amend the law re lating to the registration of vcters in Ireland ; and also a Bill to shorten the duration if Phalan:lents in Ireland. —(Roars of laugh'er.) He meant, to shorten the dura tion of Parliaments.—(Hear, heir.) SAViNGS' BANKS. Mr. TUFNELL (for the Chancellor of the Exche quer) said he had to give nt,t'ce that on as early day the Chancellor of the Exchequer would move for leave to bring in a Bill relating to savings' baeks.—(Hear.) AG R ICULT UrtA L DISTRESS. Mr. CHRISTOPHER present d a petition, agreed upon at a great county meeting, held r (eatly fur the county of Lincoln, complaining cf agricultural distress. FISEfERIFS. Mr. ANSTEY said tc-:norrow he woula move for !cave to bring in a Bill to consolidae the Irish Fisheries' Acts. ALLIED PRINCES OF INDIA. Sir E. COLEBROOK E said on Tuesday next he would move fir a Committee to ir quire into the rights of succession cf the allied and indor.e.nee:t Princes cf India. LOCAL TAXATION. Mr. P. SCROPE said on Thursday, the 7th, he would move f..r leave to bring in a Bill for exempting the poorer classes from certain kinds cf local taxation. PUBLIC LIBRARIES. _ _ _ Mr. EWART gave nc fee that on Thursday, the 14th, he would move tor leave to bring in a Bill t 3 enable town councils to establish public libraries; and f,)r Irave to bring in a Bill t 3 repeal the adveztisement duty. AFFAIRS OF HUNGARY. Lord D. STUART said, on this day week, ho should move for copies of all correspondence between the Brit ish Government and th© Embassfes of Austria and Russia relative to the Hungarian war and the Hunga rian refugees. KENSINGTON AND OTHER PARISHES. Mr. MACGREGOR gave notice that he would on Thursday next bring forward certain resolutions regard ing the parishes cf Kensington, Hammersmith, Chelsea, and Fulham. MINISTERS' MONEY IN IRELAND. Mr. FAGAN gave notice that, on this clay fortnight, he would move for a Commitee to take into considera tion the rate and tax called Ministers' Money in Ireland. ECCLESIASTICAL COMMISSION. Mr. HORSMAN Esi(), on Tuesday next he should submit a resolution to the House on the subject of the Ecclesiastical Commission. TRANSFER OF REAL PROPERTY. M. H. DRUMMOND gave notice that on an rarlY day he wculd move fur leave to bring in a Bill to facili tate the transfer of reAl property.--(Cheera) ATTORNEY' CERTIFICATE $. Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR gave nc t:cs that on the earliest day po.siblo he would move fir leavg to bring in a Bill for the repeal of attorneys' certifica!ei. ORDNANCE AND ARMY EXPENSES. Lord JOHN RUSSELL gave notice that in the course a next weak he should ma'te a motion With a view to reduce the expenses cf the ordnance and the army. THE SLAVERY QUESTION. Sir E. N. BUXTON presented pctitione from various landowners in Dominica and Jamaica stating that they felt themselves aggrieved by the inertness of the. Go vernment in not causing their treaties with the Emperor of the Brazils to to observed, and complaining that they were suffering grievously in consequence of the non-observance of those treaties. Sir R. INGLIS presented a rcition to the same tffeob from the island of Barbadces. THE QUEEN'S SPEECH. The SPEAKER thou read her Majesty's most gracious Speech from the chair (for which ec3 another column). THE ADDRESS. Mr. CHARLES VILLIERS (who wore the uniform of a Lord-Lieutenant) then roie to address the House, and was received with partial cheering. He spoke as follows:—" I rise, Sir, to move that an humble address be presented to her Majesty in reply to her gracious Speech, which has just been read to this House from the Chair. Sir, in doing so, I can assure the House that I am fulty impressed with my total inadequacy to fully discharge this duty, and I am sure that there is not a person who ever preceded me in the position is which I now stand that more required the forbearance of the House. Indeed, Sir, but for the circum stance that on all sides there appears a disposition to refer the condition of the country at the present time to those recent changes in our commercial policy which underwent such frequent discussion in this House, and in which I bore my humble part—(Hear, hear)—l. should have deemed myself the least ap propriate person in the House to have been selected for such a purpose. However, Sir, I am bound to say that I do agree entirely in the views which her Majesty's Government take of the present condition of this country, and I have the most implicit reliance that my Noble Friend at the head of the Government will not compromise in any way—that he will not sur render but will maintain entire those measures which he conceives connected with the happiness and well-being of the people.—(Hear, hear.) I have no hesita tion in asking this House in other respects to respond to the Speech which has just been read. Sir, I will advert at once to those topics in her Majesty's Speech which I presume will at once unite the feeling of this House. It has been communicated to this House that her Majesty has experienced deep affliction from the death of her illustrious friend, the Queen Dowager; and I think I shall only correctly represent the feel. ings of this country, if I were to say, with respect to her late Majesty, that her blameless life—her unostentatious character—her numerous charities, as well as the exemplary manner in which she performed all the duties of her exalted position, gained her the greatest respect from the people at large.—(Cheere.) The House, I am sure, will not forget to concur in the most cordial expression cf condolement and sym pathy for the bereavement which her Majesty has experienced. A circumstance ie communicate;] in her Majesty's Speech which we have always re ceived with the utmost satisfaction, namely, that sh e ma i ntains peace and friendly relations with her allies and with all foreign countries. It is further announced in her Majesty's Speech that her Ma jesty has in connexion with France, by means of friendly mediation, prevented h ost ili t i es occurring between they Emperor of Russia and the Emperor of Austria on the one hand, and the Sultan on the other. The causes of this apprehended rupture are indicated i n t h e Speech as arising from certain subjects of the Emperor o f R uss i a and the Emperor of Austria having sought refuge and protection in Turkey cf the Sultan, and a claim having been made by the Emperor of Russia and the Emperor of Austria severally that thes e pri soners should be surrendered, in order to be pu nished for the cffonces with which they were charged. Doubt having arisen on the [ art of the Sultan as to the correctness of the construction put upon the trocies with those Governments, and upon which this claim was made, the Sultan reerred to the Govern ments of England and France to aid him in tl:e solu tion cf his doubts; and I believe it is now a matter of notoriety that the Governments of France and England, adopting the construction that was placed on those treaties by the Sultan—that construction being un favourable to the surrender of those persons, and ulti mately admitted to be the only correct and final one; sad the arrangement with respect t the F ersons who sought refuge in the Sultan's dominions, was, in accordance with the proposition which emanated from the Sultan— (Lhar)---and the r esu lt o f h er M a j esty ' s mediation, in conjunction with France, has been to prevent hostili ties occurring between the Imperial Government and the Sultan, involving, perhaps, the peace of Europe; and friendly relations have been resumed, Or are about to be resumed, between those Governments and the Porte--(Hear, hear.) lam perfectly well aware, Sir, that there never was a time whets any interference eu the part of this country with the affairs a foreign nations would he regarded with more objection than at present.—(Hear, hear.) But, Sir, I think with respect to that interveetion you will agree with me that a distinction must be taken in regard to its character, and that there is a great difihrence between that interference which has for its purpose to dictate to the people the form of government under which they shall live, or to ferce a Government ti sur press its people, an act which it woald otherwise be un able to do, and that kind of intervention which seeks to carry out a friendly arbitration—the cause of goodwill and peace, the cause of humanity, and the prevention of hostilities, the issue cf which might be dangerous to ourselves.—(lleac.) I conceive from the nature cf the case the intervention was not only justifiable but most politic, and it is one of the fortunate consequences of the position which we hold in the opinion of the world that when we do lend our intervention in the CAU3O of peace we do so always with effect. I refer to the position which we now hold in the world, because there never was a time when the country was regarded with more trust than at present. The people cf other countries were satisfied now that the greatest amount of liberty might be en joyed consistently with peace, with ordes, and wealth. Our example showed also whit might be gained by kindly concessions to the people by tho Government. Her Majesty's Speech has announced that she has for some time been engaged in communications with diffe rent Powers to make arrangements consequent upon those changes which we have effectsd in our laws re lating to navigation, and that she is at the pre sent time negotiating with other states with a view to prevailing upon them to extend to us the reciprocal advantages to those which we have extended to them. It gives me great pleasure also to remark, that her Majesty's Speech announces ti at the United States and Se e len have already reciprocated to this couT tsy those m easures which have been passed by this country. It is rather early perhaps, to express any opinion with regard to the ge neral results which followed from the changes in our commercial system which have been adopted. There is every prospect that the evil consequences which have been productive of these measures will be removed; and it is very gratifying to observe that these evil predic tions lave not had the slightest f .undation. There has seldom been mixed up in any question so much sentiment and feeiing as there has in the change which has been e'- fected in our navigation-laws. Rarely have so many psi!, chievous and fatal results been predicted as were pre dicted to be brought into effect by this change; but there is every prospect that these predictions also will prose entirely unfounded. There is co prospect that they should be realised. It appears that the interest which most expected to be effected by this change has already found out the battles cf it by the increased activity which has been a 1 - lirested in their depart ments, Never were cur dockyards so full of activity as at the preset mmmeet. Whether on the Thames, on the Clyde, on the Tyne, on the Weir, all is busy and active ; while the very persons who were loudest in exclaiming against the change, now prove by th e'.r actions that they did not believe their predictions to be true. And it now appears, what vim not before known, that not only can we b u ild s hi ps muc h b etter and cheaper than any other country, but that foreigners can build their ships cheaper here than in any other country; and it does appear to me that whatever advaltage i we may be supposed to have been prevented from receiving from other countries has resulted oils the system adopted in this, and that the consequence is that the change we have alepted has done t sat which will • make us equal to the competition of the ships of any country in the world. —(le a 7, hear.) Ido not intend to weary the House with any details in these matters, but I cannot help reading a letter that has been received from Liverpool on this subject, and perhßps the character of the writer may be considered as a sufficient authority on the subject. The Hon. and Learned Member then proceeded to rial the liter, which, among other things ' stated that as :regarded shippin g , th ere was a much better feeling since it was ascertained that the navigation-laws were irretrievably doomed.—(Hear.) First-class ships were being built, and that there was now building on the s.teeks, 2,800 vessels, against 2,229 in 1815.—(hear.) There had been eorre new British ships taken up to load foethe United States, and a few foreign ones to load fn. England. Such were the first fruits of reciprocity.— (Hear, hear.) The statement in the Circular of Currie and Co., shipbrokers of Liverpool, was moat import ant. They stated that, in the first instance, the pro spect of this sweeping measure hal at ono time put a stop to the ship-building trade, but as soon as it was found that the navigation laws were doomed the case be came altered, and buyers and builders were now up and doing. Now, with respect to the Weir,he hadgota return from the port of Sunderland, and found the amount of tonnage building at that pert in the month of Decem ber, 1847, was 22,140 tons, and on the 31st of December, 1849; when the navigation-laws had been „doomed for six months, the amount was 29,210. These 'were the ships that were building now. As to the number and amount of t eanage of vessels built, in 1848, while there seemed some doubt about the navigation laws being abolished, 142 ships were built with a tonnage of 37;878, but in December, 1849, there had been L 55 built with a tonnage of 44,333.—(Hear, hear.) He might go• into much further detail upon the subject of the. navigation laws to convince the House of the advantage of the change -that has been . made, but he `knew that there cue-e many other 1101). Members 'well informed upon the mat r, who were likely to diselese further evidence on the sub ject, and which he would rot trouble the House further upon ; except that he wculd venture to say that everything that was foretold by the opponents of the change in the law ha I been completely falsified, while everything that was promised by its advocates was hkelY to be verified. —(Hear, hear, and laughter.) Her M ijosty's Speech hadeommunicated to the House the satisfaetion which she, had derived from her recent visit to Ireland. That her Majesty's reception in that country —should have been marked by every indi cation of attachment and loyalty he believed hal oc casioned no surprise to those who were best acquainted with the feelings of that country.—(Haar.) The people of Ireland had often complained of the condact of this country towards her, and sometimes with reason; but still she was "seldom wanting In respect to the Crown, and as they knew nothing more of her Majesty than that, from the time of her accession down to the period of her visit, she had always manirated an interest in the welfare cf her people, and a desire that every reason able complaint should be removed, and an anxiety that equal justice should be administered in all parts cf her kingdom, it was not surprising that, when her Majesty did visit Ireland, she was received with enthusiasm. (Hear, hear.) He witnessed in the capital of that country, when her. Majesty was there, a scene which he bad never beheld before. He never saw a vast concourse of people congre • gated together who demeaned themselves with so much order, respectfulness, and tranquillity. People from all quarters of the country, of all kinds and all opinions, seemed to have assembled there upon that occasior, and, without compromi s ing their self respect, they seemed to have come there for Vee one common purpose of marking their respect fir the person and character cf her Majesty.—(Cheers.) From iof irmation ho had receiver, he did net believe that anything had occurred among the people at large in that country, since Lee Majesty's vhit, to shake those feelings of affectionate attachment and to) a'ty that were then evinced in her pre sence ; and her Majesty could net confer a greater reason for pride on that people than by inti mating her intmtion to revisit that country.--(Hear, hear.) The Speech from the Throne had referred to there being great distress in that country, and that there was great suffering among all classes. He believed that that was still the case. It was impossible for those who well knew tho extent of that mis fortune with which the country was visited to think that so soon all traces of it should be effaced; but it was gratifying to think that in many respects the people of that country, and the poor of that country, were improving in their condition, and that, owing to th e abundance of the necessa r i es of ife, they are suffering less now than they were doing; and that was not only indicated by there being a less resort to public relief of the country, but that the people were showing signs of more contentment, and there was evidence also of there being less crime and outrage committed in that country. It was a satisfactory feature too now to be observed in that country, considering the apprehensions that were ex pressed in regard to the system of public relief, that it had not realised all the fears of those who were opposed to it. It was imagined, if they once distributed relief to the Irish poor out of the workhouse, that the people would be generally demoralised, and that there would be a de pendence on public charity which nothing could resist. It was satisfactory to observe that the instant that the neces saries of life were more accessible to the people they showed no disposition exclusively to rely on the public re. lief, and that the relief given out of the workhouse had di minished in the most extraordinary and satisfactory manner in consequence of the increased demand for their labour and the increase in the necessaries for life. InJan., 1849, the in-door relief amounted to 206,654/., and in January, 1850, it amounted to 204,4071. With respect to the out-door relief, on the Ist of January, 1849, it amounted to 479,5761, and on the Ist of January, 1850, it was 104,6501.—(Hear, hear, and loud cheers.) What, indeed, was the state they were iu? He would distinguish between the statements made up for the two years of 1847 and 1849, and he would judge of the re spective conditions of the people from the returns of those years. In referring to those returns he found, then, that while the asse ssmen t t o t h e poor - ra t es was i n the former year 10,0411., in the latter year it was only 6,1941; that while the average of the poor -rate and the tote! amount of the poor-rates in 1842 was 8,5421, in 1849 they wore only 9,o42l.—(Derision from the Opposition benches and counter cheers.) He would now turn their attention to the results which had been wrought upon the great interests of the country, by the operation of free-trado principles, and endeavour to show what had been the effect of those principles upon the commerce and general trading stock, as he might call it, of the country.—(Hear, hear.) In looking to this then ho was equally gratified, for whether in the manufacturing or in the commercial departments he fund that the same pros perity had prevailed. Then what was the state of England? Why, the whole commer c i a l wor ld seemed to have made her not only the entrepot, but the centre of their operations ; and yet, not withstanding all that, the Protectionists seem to think that there was no reasor, or rather no necessity, fo- adapting things in the pre•ent day to tiler natural courses. That such was the case was evident from the course which had been pained; bat he trusted th a t a wiser as well as a better principle would prevail, and, therefore, it was that Le t)ok the path which he now observed. --(Hear, hear.) The one course contended for was a regulated and re strictcd trade of the country—maintaining particular industries and interests which were enabled to help themselves called the protective system. The other system was to leave to td e teefee tered and brilliant ititelligence of a civilized people the discovery of the means to obtain the highest reward for their skill and industry.—(ilear, hear.) Plaeed by general consent at the head of the commerce of the world for years past, they seemed to have acted up sn t!:e protective system. This system they had reccat y aban doned, and instituted another and a better one. limy ar guments in favour of the protective system hail been ad vanced, but thefree-trade question seemed to have beets the one by which the question of protection had been tried; and there had been most confident predictions and warnings that the new system would be prodactive of vast evil, and no doubt many persons had had their confidence shaken in consequence of the infleeatial position of those who took an adverse view. At the end of the firstt.Yeree of its trial they were informed in the Speech wheal:ad been the result of the change. The time, it was true, had been short; but if those predic tions ha l been of any value they ought by this time to have some indication of the evils that had been predicted. Ho would not weary the House by a recital-of all the predictions used on ono side or the other; but there was one prediction introduced into all the discussions to which he could not omit alluding,—that free trade could not be adopted without impairing the trade at home impairing the condition of the working &asses—lea liog to the exportation of the cur rency, and causing the revenue to decline.—(Hear.) Of course a host of evils would follow in the train. Of fowl, which was the basis of the business of that country, inasmuch as everything turned upan the pro duction of food—human and animal—there was an ado quate supply. The first thing they had to look to was that tee people were well supplied wish fort. Wherever there was au uncertainty of supply in food, all the other branches of trade could not tail to be deranged. Trade simply consisted in the distribution of the necessaries of life, and when industry was great the consumption of food was gin at in prop wtion, fit the taxes were greater upon expenditure than income. —(Hear, bear.) Such were the arguments put f wward by the advo cates of free trade, and he wanted the country, he wanted the world to know what had been the result.—(Hear.) The evil c f the change was predicted to be in proportion to the quantity of foreign produce that was imported. Now, he was in a position to stet° that within the la t sixteen months they had imported more food than they had imported durin sixteen years be fire.—(Lou I laughter.) They had had an opp wtuniti, f w a short time of testing souse el the predictions which evero entertain: d ate to the operations cf ftee trade. It was said they had imported wheat at the rate of ono million a month. Now, what was the eensequence ? His impression and honest con siction at the present moment was tl at not a single thing which had been said as to the injurious effects of free trade had turned out true, or offered the slightest prospect of becoming true, whilst all the predictions cf the free-traders had been fulfilled,— (Laughter.) Trade had increased, the condition of the working classes was very much improved, and he did not telieve that a sovereign had left the country, or that there was less gold in the Bank than the 'lon. Member Tor Warwickshire (Mr. Spooner) could desire. He was in the p sssession cf letters, circulars, and d:cuments cf every kind, coming from every part of the country, in which people not only admitted that they were well off (a thing which people in this country were not very ready o admit)—(Laughter)—but said tl,at this happy state of things was owing entirely to tee c h eap _ ness and abundance cf the necessaries of life. rho Hon. Member then proceeded to read a letter which he had that morning received froth Bradford, in which ho was told that the trade of that town had rarely been in a beet r condition. The demand bath for the home and foreign market was very bri,k. There fa l never been so few persons recessing relict from the parish as there were at the present time, and inde; d owing is the advance of wages, and the log price „f f)00, the working class•; never were in a better condi tion than at the present time. He had also received a letter from Leicester—a district in which there had been a great tic cf staitation—with regard to the proposed measure of free trade. The gn at staple trade of Leicester was the stocking trade—and this wee one of the best indexes of the condition of the working classes: three-fifths cf the population were engaged in this trade; and four-fifths of the product cf Leiceet ‘r as ore consumed in the home market. Tice demand in this district had been fully equal to the capability o f supply; all classes of workmen hal been fully employed. There had been two advances of wages in the present year, and there was every probability of another increase taking place 'vary soon in the spring. That letter was from a gentleman, an extensive manu facturer of Leicester, who had filled the offiae of mayor. Ile had another letter from the same county, in which it was stated, with respect to the poor-'awe, that there was only one able-bodied frame work knitter in the union, and that he was only there by mistake, and would shortly be removed. The l e tt er also stated that he bad never known Leicester in a more prosperous state. That letter was from the chair man of the Leicester board of guardians.—(Hear, hear.) Ho mentioned these things in order to show that too home trade did not suffer. It was supposed that foreigners would get all, arid that the home manufacturer would be deprived, of everything; the roeu't, he thought, had proved the fallacy of such suppositions. Such was the state of things in Leicester and its neighbourhood, but these were only specimens of what might be found in every part of the country. Ho had no hesitation in saying that, upon a careful review if the state cf the country, what ho bad stated e ould be found to be the fact, and that the statements in the letters ho had referred to would be filly borne out. As an evidence of the increased prosperity of the country I-a might state, that in 184$ the bankruptcies in this country amounted to no less than 1,763, while, in 1849, they amounted t o 1146, b e i ng a difference of no less than 617.—(Hear, hear.) So much with respect to trade. Now, with respect to the condition of the working classes, there were many ways in which it could be tested, and there were many indications of a most sati-factory kind. He was sure it would be a service of great satisfaction to the House, that whether they looked at the agricultural or the manufacturing labourer, they found them getting better wages, or enjoying more of the comforts cf life for the wages they received than they did formerly. It was universally admitted that the manufacturing and agricultural labourer was better off now than he had been for some years past. Ono test cf the condition of the work ing classes was the amount of public relief distributed amongst the poor, and no doubt his Right Hon Friend the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Chief Commissioner of the Poor-law Beard would presently inform t' em whether the relief of Isle months had been more or less than in the corresponding months of last year. His own impression was, that there had been an ex trordinary diminution in the persons receiving relief from the Ist of January up to the end of last year, compared with the preceding year; while there was an equal reduction in the expense cf supporting the poor. Not having access to official infor mation, ho did net like to speak positively, or with con fidence on the subject, but he believed that between 50,000 and 60,000 1 , ss persons had been relieved at the end of the year than there were at the beginning. Conceive what a saving this would ef fect in a pecuniary point of view, and what a gratifying indication it was that so many persons wore no longer in tE e humiliating state of requiring public relief in a free i ow country he Hear.) He did not ex ctbullion in the country, b u t, if a lycntamoun liket ofthis.—( he was not mistaken, they were told, when discussing the question of free trade, that it would have the effect of draining the country of its bullion—that if we imported corn largely, it would have a tendency to carry off our gold, as the foreigner would not take our manufacturer, but what had been the result? Why, never in the history of the Bank of Elegised had there been so much gold in the Bank as there was at present.—(Hear, hear.) Then with respect to the revenue, according to general report, the revenue now was far from de clining, there was an actual increase of two millions. —(The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUEII,—" A surplus to the same thin g , y a o s u m urpl e u a s n'" o ) ver O ex h pe w n e d l i l t ' u i r t e. cara l e fe did not think it was what they were accustomed to in that House to have a surplus, over expenditure.—(Hear, hear.) Then, with regard to crime, which was another index of the state of the country. In 1847 the number of offences in England was 10,052, and in 1849 it amounted to 9,502. With respect to Ireland, the number of the offences reported by the consta bulary in 1848 was 3,615, and in 1849 it was 2,501. He had always contended that the poverty and crime of the people were influenced by the price of their food. He had got a calculation of what the country saved when food was cheap, compared with when it was dear. The people in this country bad to be fad, and there was a cer tain expenditure required, in order to acquire that food. The average price of wheat in December, 1847, was 695. 5d.; and in December, 1849, it was 395. 4d. The average price of barley in 1847 was 435., and in 1849 it was 255. He took the very lowest estimate of the consumption of the food of the people in this country. The difference in the price of grain between 1847 and 1819 was 61,000,0001., and in other articles of provisions, including butter, cheese, &c., the difference in price in those two years was 30,000,0001. So that the result was, that between 1847 and 1849, the difference in the expenditure of the people in food was 91,000,000/. They called it 91,000,0001, and yet notwithstanding the great disparity which was exhibited by mere figures, the adoption of free trade was called an experiment. An experiment lan experiment 1 What did they mean by an experiment ? When they called free trade an expe riment, he would ask those by whom the cry was raised, what had been the result of this experiment ? The first was that to which he had just alluded, and in common justice he felt bound to inquire ; and in rendering jus tice to all parties he thought the inquiry ought to be an swered, and he felt bound to inquire what substitute the Protectionists would find for free trade. He knew of no ono which was equivalent to the benefit now enjoyed by the country, and until some better provision was made he did not wish to alter the system which had been adopted. Quito sure was he that no other system would be adopted in that House.—(l - lean hear.) The next subjeet noticed in her Majesty's Sperch was a declaration of her regret far the distress which was stated to pre vail in the agricultural districts of the country.—(Hear, hear.) For himself, no ono could be more seri ously grieved fur such di ties es. Much had been said about these distresses as arising from the expenses levied upon the land, hut ho thought that those expernos were easily meet t linable, and might be much red uce d , yet the s ource of hi s regret was the de per, Van because be felt that in that House they m i ght not b e r i g h t l y un d erstood. The question would probably be raised, whether the occupiers of laud were suffering or not, but he thought there would be great difficulty in extending any legislative relief to there. The landed interest had greet power in this country, and ho was net aware that they had thrown away any opp Irtunities of et itine thelr view', or of getting any relief thorn the Legislatura.—(Laughter.) It was di'li to find any. measure of relief Which could he rendered to the occupier 3 of land that hal net aline ly been anticipated.— (Leughter.) He had never been able to discover that any liel,U - ,ty etrached to what was called the agricultural interest, though he found they had been fertunete en tegh to ot lain a great many exemptions.—(Cries of h Hear, hear.") Indeed, to the agiculturist exemp tion was peculiar ; his horses were Exempt from daty, he had no taxes to ply fir his dogs nor hist implements, and he was released from the payment of toile. He observed that those who represented the agricultural interest showed great solicitude about the occupiers and not the owners Of - land, but the fact was that tvhen any local ber hen way removed the value of land increased, and consc queetly• the landlord demantle I a rent; so that which was sought to relieve the occupier did, in truth, relieve the landowner. He made allieden to the subject of local burdens, because s 3 much stress had been laid upon it, and because he thought it was impassible to extend any relief by legis lative means. Lord Eldon, who was pre possessed in favour of land, said on the The. tion of the corn-laws, that the removal cf local burdens would be no sort of use to oempiere, because every burden removed would tend to increase the value of the land to the owner. Now, loelcieg at what was claimed by the occupier.: of land, he could see, attes much examination, their claims simply amounted to this, that they expected Parliament to guarantee the price of their produce, and then they thought they would be safe. And he thought neat, considering the experience which the f,rmees had had, or ought to have lath, that was one of the greatest delusions he had ever heard of in the history of human delusions. All the evidence which had been given before this House had censisted merely of details given by farmers them ' elves of the manner in which they had been deceived with regard to this question. When he himself had addressed the House, some ten years ago, on the subject, the greater part of his speech hal con sist° I chiefly of extracts, which he read from the evidence which had been laid before the House. It shoved that distress of the farmers arose mainly from their having trusted blindly to the Act of Parliatesent. In 1822 they had come to the House, complaining that they ta I had a it a price siln o ie fBO e s n . l p y e 4 rr arntedrthge,,u:erhanA t. ) pay theteedtothem sam._3 rent then rthatt then as when they get 80s. In 1836 ti ey hal complained thet they could only get 355. ler *Tauter. It was remarkable, that the thue of their greatest dis tress was also the period of their highest protection—at those two periods when they had sought relief from the House they had had the greatest protection. The entire question which was agitated . was whet'ter farmers could live when wheat was st s'. ; that was the problem which he thought had been propounded. The farmers sail that in former times they always had hope because they had protection. Lint in the evidence which had been given to the Hause at that period there was nothing but dismay and des pair, expressive of their having been deceived. In 1836 the farmers said they never expected wheat at ss. cr 65. per bush(' ; but a farmer had confessed that it was possible for farmers to live when wheat was at this price ; and they would have hem a happy and contented peo ple now had they then been satisfied with that ss. duty. He ledieved the Legislature could offer no relief to the occupiers of land which would have the efi;et e f ;-;revelf ing distress. A duty on wheat at 40. , . a bushel could not be entertained by this Houss ; and they were not pre fared to raise the price of the feud of the people, because it was impracticable to do se. The landowners held under such a variety of circumstances that no stated rules could be applied to them. Pe )plc did net always take land as people took a shop or a mill. Some were s p or t smen , some were politiciaes,led some were agriculturists,whilst some tied it up, wishing it to go in a particular line of ilesc circumstances v ry - unfavourable to agriculture, and unless the Legislature regulated the price cf land and the way it should be produced, they could get no good by interfering with the mast , r. You could not guarantee a tenant against distress any more than you Gould guarantee any man against the evils of a wart of intelligence iu his bu,iness.—(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Gentleman then read a letter from a farmer in Gloucestershire, stating that he had just taken a f oar of 400 acres, which was formerly valued at 204. an acre. He hal taken it on a lease for 18 years, and, being an experienced farmer, with adequate capital, he expected t make it profitable. The rent he had engaged to pay was 40a. an acre. If proper terms were arranged, men were ready to give 40a. instead of 203.—(A laugh.) The tenant was still at liberty to make ditches, to drain the land, to cut down trees, and in every respeCt to deal with tho land as if it was his own.—(Laughter.) Yet they complained that they could not let their land; that it was going out of cultiva tion. They must make equitable arrangements with tenants, and obtain the services of good farmers. Added to which the party would be satisfied with 40s. a quarter for his wheat. He thought that the people et' the country had a right to get food where they could at the cheapest rate, and if the owners cf the land chose to deal with their land in a fanciful way, they were enti tled to do so as long as they did not bring forward ques tions of property in that House. At the present mo meet land fetched as high a value in the market as it ever did in this country. There was no occupation va cant that could not immediately get a farmer fir a tenant. The agricultural districts, he believe -1 , were in a better condition than they ever were before, and if the worst male to the worst, and the lande I proprietors and occupiers were obliged to procerd in their business as ether people die, it would be a consolation fir them to know that other countries possessed no advaatage over them in the pro duction of agricultural produce. The only difference between other countries and this was the price of land; it was higher in this country, but the agricultarists could cultivate it. In other respects the agrioultarista of this country were in a bettor situation than other countries. If property was properly managed in this country and Ireland, he believed that the land would not only support the present population but a much larger one. It was rather a reproach upon themselves that they were compelled to send some 4,000 miles across the Atlantic far their food. The land was equally as good in Ire lancL as it was in Americe, and yet the lend could not support its own poor. Why actually they imported More butter from Holland, a highly taxed country, than they did from Ireland, and that they did so was a reproach to the nation. It had pleased Providence to send upon Ireland a terrible visitation to point out the state 'and condition of its people, and be yet believed that a long period cf prosperity was in store for Ireland. Latterly their legislation t iwards that country had been based upon a more humane and wise policy than formerly. —(Hear, hear.) ' They had facilitated the transfer of laud, and he would undertake to Eay that in lets than a twelvemonth from this time they would see a good deal of its unoccupied waste land in a state of active cultivation. Their commercial policy had already conferred vast benefits upon Ireland, and he firmly be lieved it would yet prow) her salvation.—(Elea', hear.) Ho believed that their manufacturing prosperity would endure, and he believed that nothing could be of nehre advantage to the people cf Ireland than that prosperity. He believed the prosperity of England and Ireland were blended together. Ho believed wo were in a sounder stats with regard to the future than we ever were before ; and he believed that that arose from the greater in telligence of the people, and the wise concessions to Vie liberty of the people. which had been made within the last few years.—(Hear, hear.) The Hon. Gentleman concluded by saying, that there was no bettor way of promoting the prosperity of the country than b . ) , re pairing what iwas d eca y e d, enlarging what was inade quate, and reformi ng w h a t w as wrong from time to time. Sir JAMES DUKE—After the very able, full, and successful speech of my Hon. Friend, I am sure that this House will feel that I rise under no ordinary difficulty to second the Address which he has moved to her Gra cious Majesty. Sir, though I have had the honour of a seat in this House now for some years, this is the first oeaasion that I have ventured to offer myself . to the notice of the House, and I am sure, under these =cum. stances, I shall meet with the kind indulgence of the House in the discharge of the duty which I have under taken addresst h great t r h e e - House, but with great satisfaction, as a Member for the l t u a e k t e a n nc w e i with from great m y reluctance—(Cheers)—with e m — y ( i e n h a e b e o r i s ty ) the firm per suasion that they will continue to do everything on . their part to maintain the high character , an d peaceful d ci e t n y c o e f t L o o h n e d;o m n,: a j i e n st g y i , v s in m g in m is y te c r o s, rdi un al de s r upport and confl ul in fluence of the nation abroad, and the contentment and prosperity of the people at home, while, at the same time, they will enforce reform and retrenchment t in every department of the:State, consistent with the safety, and the honour, and the dignity of this great em pire.—(Cheers.) No one more deeply sympathises th an I do with our most gracious Sovereign, in her deep af. fliction at the decease of her Majesty Queen Adelaide satisfaction to 3, fully endeared herself to this coun rybyher piety, her great(fl ea r, h charities, and her exemplary virt ties, and that her n ame will be long held in grateful remembrance by every m an, I fulliccncur in the sentiment t . tiatlierfat M aje?lad . t e ty the advice of her Parliament. The first meeti ng o f t h e present Parliament arrived little mor e th an two years woman , 3• s a t n a d te c s h t i h ld at in sh t e h r is cc k ta in rs gd w o rt .— h ago, and I remember that on that occasion, instea 1 of tha Hon. Mover congratalating the House on the state of the country, he was necessarily compollei to begin his speech by lamenting the great distress which prevailed in the trading end manufacturing districts of the king° dom, many mills in that part of the conntry which he represented being stopped, and the operatives thrown out of work. I think I may feel justified in saying that at no period in the history of the country has the House met under more gratifying circumstances than at the present moment. When we repeat that two years ago the great commercial interests of this country had passed through an ordeal which shook some of the moat potent commercial houses in the s. - orld, and thrca`encd ethers with a similar f ,te, I think we may congratulate ourselves that in so short a time the prosperity of this country has baen so firmly established. I am happy t ) say, as the representative of the city of Landon, that I believe at no period has the trade and commerce of the City boon in a bettor condition, and not in London alone, or in the great commercial emporiums of the country, but in the most remote towns end nsamo fucLuring districts we have eviden::e of an increased anll to the peopl e , w h ose i mpreve d means an d coalition is greatly extended trade giv i ng full means c f em ploy men t evidenced by the growing state of the revenue. At the same time I deeply lament with her Majesty, that causes of complaint exist in the agricultural districts. I had the honour to represent a borough closely ()meow 1, 1850 width an important agricultural county, and from my knowledge if the lac ided proprietors, and also of the farmers of the district, I confess I should be ono of the last persons to witness the distress of that body with feelings of indifference. I believe the farmers to be a peaceable, loyal, and industrious class; and, as such, well deserving the favour of the House. But though I say that, I fear I cannot go further, and agree cith the means which have been suggested as a remedy for the distress which prevails. I fear that, if they were led to believe that this House could, by any legesletive measure, re-impose the duties which have been taken away, they would find themselves deceived; for I believe that the peop'e of this country could not be prevailed upon again to have their food taxed, nor do I think that any Government would propose it, or any Parliament sanction it.--(Cheers) I confess, however, that, wises speaking c f feet-trade, I am reluctant to say much on the subject; becatve I have observed with some pain that parties who are willing to believe that free trade has benefited the country, are supposed to be inimi cal to the agricultural interest. I fear it is supposed that the repeal of the corn-laws was effected rather to lower the landed interest—to depress the farmer, than to benefit the manufacturer. So far from that being the case, I am persuaded that nothing but the most over whelining sense of public duty, and the stern nears sitiee of the country, could have carried that mea sure. My Honourable Friend has said so much upon this point, that it is unnecessary for me to detain the House further with reference to it; but, without referring to returns which were eraen to every other Member of the House, I may rc fir to one which I re ceived in my position as a magistrate of the city of London, which shows not only that cheep food affords abundant employment to the people, but that it tends to diminish pauperism and to lessen crime. —(Cheers.) I hold in my hand an official return which I received ye , t aday from the governor of Newgate, and though my Honourable Friend had already quoted similar returns, embracing all England, I think that this return is the more striking when we consider that the idle, the dissolute, and the unemployed aro generally to be found in the metrop, cf the empire. —(Hear, hear.) Tho total number cf prisoners committed t Newgate from the Ist of January to the 31st if December, 1849, were 2,964, being a decrease from the previous year of no less than 593, or one-fourth of the whole number. This shows the diminution in a most striking Termer, as this gaol includes the whole district within the jurisdiction of the Central Criteiiral Courts. I may also read a htar which aas not sent to m e preparatory to any speech in this House, for I was desirous to confine my obser vations to what I myself knew, and not to trouble the House with infirmation which was equally open to other Members of the House; but I received a letter yesterday from my Hon. Friend the Mayor tf Man chester, which I think of importance sufliciet.t to di serve the attention of the House:—" I have a strong impression that the operatives of this district were never, at any former period, more fully employed, more coulfartable in a social point of view, or better disposed than no N. The rate of wage; in I telieve satisfact try; and the cheapness of the necessaries of in food and clothing, has wonderfully improved their conchtlon. The hat trade is rather an exception to this rule, tlioueh but f est people are employed therein, and the depression is easily accounted - fur. I have never during the fear teen months of my mayoralty had one hour's uneasiness about the peace c f the district. The speculation in cotton, and its high price, now interfere with the pro spects cf our master manufarterers and spinners, and I think few are making money ; nevertheless the trade cf 1849 must, on the, whole, be con sidered very satisfactory. Our on n experience in the home trade leads me also to think that the demand from the agricultural districts has act indicated that distress of which ate have recently heard so much." Now, it the general trade and husi noes of the country continues in this prosperous condi tion, it is to be hoped it will speedily find its way to agriculture; and, for my part, I see no reason to a: tici pate that the present low prices for agricultural produce will be continued. I remember when the measure for repealing the core-haws was passed through the House, great apprehensions were entertained of an immense &apply cf corn 'frem the continent of Au - aeries; but it so happened, that about s e tlset time, I met at Liverpool th e lAtiiAmericaa M i yster; Mr. Bancroft, and he gave me lefi'cronfident - opinnurftliat it was impossible America casuld send any eiwantity of corn to this country, unless prices raked I;ativotn 45i. and 5 . 0 i. per qua-ter. I do, therefoee w hopiathrecthe ckmand for food will continno to iocreasp, and that; in this fact alone the farmers will krid aa improeiitiCaa in VI- prices. At the tame time, I am most haPPYettir conwur with my Hon. Friend as to the results of treeattailin reference to the importation iaf,Orn; becauee.it a iwneVpposed that not one extra bale gneels'Wosekitiesaliitteut of this country in return for the corn imiierred ; that nothing but bullion would be taken by forkigners. On the other hand, free-trade has pros-el that at no period has commerce made so rapid, so valid a progress as since the passing of the free-trade measure, while the stock of bullion was never so large, nor capital so abundant and so easy in the commerce of the world.—(Loud cheers.) But I will, not dwell longer upon this point, except to repeat my hope that the prosperity of the manufacturing and commercial classes would soon be sba-ed by the agricultural interest. There is one part of her Al,jesty's Speech to whio it is my duty to advert—the expression of her Majesty's gratitude to Divine Providence that the recent visitation of the cholera has so soon abated; and I ara surd the House will feel that one of our first and most sacred duties is, to endeavour to protect the h ea lth of the people, who have shown, by their exemplary conduct, that they are, animated by feelings of cbsdience to therlatv and' loyalty to the Crosvn.—(Loud cheers.) I must also say, that I am highly gratified to find her Maje Sty contemplates an increase in the number cf the Irish electors; but, I oonfese, I should have been better pleased if we had had some lath:ration that a similar measure was to be extended to this ceuntry.—(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.") -And I do hope that the Go 'eminent will even yet consider whether or not the many towns still left in, this cbuntry, which have neither the privilege of. a borough franchise, nor of abasing in the county representation, may not now have conferred upon them the privileges of returning Me:nbers to Parliament. I cannot sit down without referring to the naviga tion-lawe, because, I was one of those who voted against the Government when the question was before the House. I considered at the time that ie was a ha eardoue experiment. but I am now happy to find, from the Speech we have heard from her ,most gracious Ma '.es ty that several of the foreign pea ers have already j conceded to us the wdvantages we have conferred upon them, and that it is hoped others will take steps to fol low their example; and I am happy to confirm the state ment which my Honourable Friend has made respecting the activity aad progress that is now apparent in all the dock and building yards of the country, especially in the port of Sunderland, wit's which I was long con nected. At no time has there been so many ships in progress, and at no period have so few been built on speculation, but almost the whole of them to ordete being at the same time a class of ships that are far su perior to any that have been maa, built heretofore. I • add, that the energy , enterprise, and the character cf . British shipowners, as well as the class of their ships, will enable them to maintain their superiority in the carrying trade of the world. With respect t r our foreign Hon. b re l a tions, I heartily share in the feelings expressed Friend, and I trust that t h e N oble Lord whoy my so ably conducts our foreign affairs, will still be able to maintain the best understanding with the Government of France, and to leave to us the bless ings of peace for sore years to come.--(Cheers.) I shall not trouble the House further in secondine the Ad dress; at the KIM time, 'cannot sit down without cm:- curring in the hope expressed - by her Majesty, that by combining liberty with order, by preserving what is valuable, and amending what is defective, you will sus tain the fabric of our institutlons, as the abode and the shelter of a free and happy people.—(The lion. Baronet resumed his seat amidst loud cheers.) Sir JOHN TROLLOPE would propose the addition of a few words to the Address by way of amendment, to express' the wish of certain classes of her Majesty's sub jects at present suffering great distress, that their case might receive attention. There was much in the Speech in which ho ccrdi illy joined. No doubt there would he general sympathy expressed with her Majesty at the loss of her illustrious relative Queen Adelaide.—(flear.) Our peaceful relations with foreign Governments was a source of gratulation, as was also the desire ex pressed by some of them to meet us by conces sions in respect to the navigation-laws. As that measure was now law, it wag their duty to wish it success. The next paragraph had reference to the awful pestilence which had ravaged the coun try. Ho viewed the efforts made to improve the con dition and health of the poorer classes with plea sure. He considered those . ; objects to be the para mount duty of a Government. Her Majesty's reception in Ireland was also a matter of infinite gratification. But to the next passage he made some exceptions: "Her Majesty has great satisfaction in congratulating you on the improved condition of commerce and manu factures." Af.er these words he would propose to intrc duce the amendment he bad read. All the agriculturists asked for was a little of that reflective prosperity upon themselves. With the exception of wool, the price of the produce of agriculture was not augmente, but, on the contrary, greatly diminished. Within the last few months wool had risen in price from 25 to 30 per cent. Regret was expressed that any class was suffering. He hardly thought that complaints proceeding from every part of the kingdom should be so lightly dealt with. Large public meetings had been held allover the country to expose the difficulties with which the agriculturists had to contend. The meeting at Lincoln was attended by 15,009 persons. After fair, but firm discussion, they were unanimous as to the distress they laboured under. Similar demonstrations had been made- for the same purpose all over the kingdom He thought the once powerful, but still numerous and important, body that put forward theseh complants bad not -tea treated with proper respect.—(Loud cheers from the Protectiortisten) Not a word of' comfort was there for them. They did not expect sympathy; they wished to make known to the world the precise condi fon in which the agricultural interest was placed; To enter into a detail of facte would be tedious. It was, perhaps, sufteient to say, that after they had invested enormous capital in the improvement of land, they were entirely thrown open to the competition in corn of the whole world. Ho asked them Again, whether that was fair treatment ? Should not their complaints receive consideration ? The agricultural were not justly chargeable with apathy P Luck at the Crown lands in the New Forest. There were 66,000 waste acres. Could the Woods and Forests make both ends meet ? Why, then, reproach them ? For Oh ty years he h" been laying out money on land. The great la`tcluWE'-' 1.3 would not be the principal sufferers. It was the smaller proprietors of land that would be ruined. To them it was matter of life and death. They could .nett now-sell th drland. No one in the present uncertain and gloomy state of things- would become he purchaser. There were no buyers, This distress ?of those chimes would it eventually reach all classes, and if another commer.eiesi panic came, the crash would be tremendous. Ho at_ K e i r that their case should be considered, sed that te nd. remonstrance should be listened t^. Th e amend' e. meat he proposed was couched in respectful langetti.. After the words commerce and manufactutee to would add the word'', but vt e beg humbly to represeeot her Majesty that in many parts of the United Kiegaw.Te bat especially in Ireland, various classes connected Y: the cultivation cf land are labouring under severe dies titer, in consequence of recent legislative eradm the injurious operation of which was aggravated ht...., cessive local taxation. They wished a revisi on of tel; Lion, especially of schedule P. The Wants' tas eate vied upon a suppositious income, wretch° I out altogether. It was an arbitrary to tax a man according to the amount of his rent. 1; man had a hard landlord he had also a heavier Gc s 4 c ., ment tax. Her Majesty's Speech rcierred to th! 11 00. and ought !n r e ficial result of increased cheapress of food. ili s e we re Friend (Mr. Villiers) had referred to returns vshiee_ re „ not yet before the House, and therefore could not white, ac ferred to. But in the unions with which he e wa rm , (painted the number of inmates had increase°. li ng of offences had also increased. From the noble feeet t : g o the people, who would to the very last refel e let the union, he thought that the returns wbiellidilleti been ordered by th e Poor-law Commissioner* trot i n cf ebt . re e s. ari , no indication of the real amount tie country, or any test of the condition of t a u Not cultnrists. (Hear, hear.) Leicester fg h wick tieghan, it was true, were not so badly off. ee, e , ro jel ing trade flourished, but was not tat a proteot_ A ou I' s 1 2i. —((eheers from the Protectionists.) They ,hr i , malt' duty, and what did they intend to do wit h l oo deg. tax? It was placed now on a totally differeet be &I New, when barley was of little more value than t they placed upon it, surely it was entitled to con g i 7 e ; Lion? They now levied an impost of 90 per con . to ru I was no question but this very tax was a restrictioui., growth. If they were to have perfect free tre c u s v p itil them have it in everything.—(Hear„ bear.) It% wee applied to land was greater now than it ever De_ ene • and the most scientific modes of cultivation wer e ; re of ph)) ed.—(Hear.) Ho considered that the Pr 4, pee" the times would iefluence the great majority o f e eo arty plc to become rigid economists, and, for his °w. te l e of he was determined to act on the mat decide I D e vice 10 economy.—;(liar, hear.) He was not such a 50 00 circumstances of io important a chat aeter---eirettnel be that affected ail grades and classes—that be uv te d of ellei ton so. momentous an occasion. Ire b e a e ls s hota some experience, and from that ex perience b aleft .ay . that since 1822 the price of l'e ta if ee velell and neat were' much lower than before. ve to with regard to the latter article, be admitted that l e , but I t a higher reit:e in the la-ge 'manufacturing tc)wano4,l. .11 the province.; meat was seldom sold for molt. cosi per lb. There were many other matters to re ne efoa tiered, aid ene : particular subject was the grea t 'T o 1. pr of rent iu the s ear 1822, a period when some, W ho the, rishes were cut of cultiveton, and a perio d int lele then Chancellor of tee Exchequer was inoet el," for &be soon did his f clings and opinion suffer a chime r wo uld worse. He hoped that the present Cheneell°9 to or" tike such precaution against a simi'ar 'all, so s o mata: nestly calculate on the true interests of tbo ion, bap lie heard much spoken of in favour of ernigr s ee t r 00 1 1 ho should ay ti a'. he had his fears, not only for el aho were subjected to a tropical sun and the e j e l to e_ e , ; ll3l_ cur antipodes, but for those who were not °e r e ttel' .. grate. He deeply regretted to see the atee-boorio hie cuburist forced to leave his native home, and d e P An fatherland of his intelligence; labour, when he looked t, the condition of Ireland, lte ° eon end House, did they not see that excessive taxate en g the herds' rps of the most trying character were drl'i or erge and activiled t he `ardy sons cf that unfortunate country t° the n chord; and what was more to be regretted lberdisgaet a:en aving their native country with feelings ° 00 0 and repugnance against the Governmetit of th i s ° ooli tic! Colonel CHATTERTON would coafine hi,e ; r oof: solely to the condition f the country. ne guid e : every feeling of fiction or party, and was ,F ll e lasse' by sentiments which included the welfare el ve toer Ireland had spoken out with one voice for the to 9 11 Lion of protection, not to one interest only , h_ei the lr alike—the agricultur a l, th e manufacturing, e" b ooed bouring classier. The sufferings of Ireland were 00.0 what the tongue of m an c o uld tell. /ler (1.1 . 1 ... la nd sat at ceeeal to her destitution, but the arist ocrsee tere nre owners, and agriculturists of Ireland looked et e ed with confidence for relief to the presen t PerliamePe'd hoped it would repeal er sestments that, if P 6 lol lll°l would revolutionize the country. The floe. en t . Gentleman conducted by seconding the amend The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQ" as heard with considerable pl eas ure that the Aese AAr e er brought under 'the notice of the House by the el, DPI gin; hai wet with so much approval, and that th e only pony cif objection had reference to the question or e t, o ele • turd distress. He was glad to find the ii° ll e tB a the Gentleman the Member for Lincolnshire aperee'l;el of endeavours of Government to prevent the !Piled to disc ate during the past year. He wa s - of hear the disclaimer of the Hon. Genders:o%le.: op intemperate language held in some plat...es r e 'a men he vt a, glad—though fie could not concur in te e ; of o°' ment—to find that it was so framed as to 1111° "m ob er . mistake as to its meaning.—(Elear.) The 110 0 : ; s e t Ow stated that he wanted a reconsideration of the legeel the enactments el last session. The Hon. Member as ks tbe House t) re-consider those legislative enactments n trl operation of which the present prosperity of the Co ll iebt was owing—(Oh, oh)—and he was glad on the first was r of the session to fi n d th a t thi s quest i on rane e this great questi on wou ld be brought to ani issue, el y P er House have to de c id e w h et h er it wou ld retrace , l . le e t 10 o and, acting on the a d v i ce o f the Hon. Member. r ho 0 1 reconsider its recent legislation, almostpersuenvievreer universal confident of the opinions of or whether—on'' me se e t t h e e w il h which e t h w e oul d th a t course of wg,: x i s tie sc i not in the country was t o however, heard thittrtai be ref pr osperity n°^' t n h o a w t. ing prosperity f and manufacture s . 00105h i e e d r it, quisition the framer had noCcon fi ned h imsel f t w oe agriculture but t trades r be e a y s e r o y f a ne t cted with t o t r uf .u a b l d i l e y ' : u actures. Now, he thought there 400 eon take o assert distress was existin for, on the ee - n otri generally e f - elking f ; f the e° rifel to the other, trade was in activity, and the e ° ° le univ (I% a I Y employed. The evidence h te ed! and show showedmanufactures were in a state of progreese°7, eisa e no symptom of those reverses whi° ll ,,, Se . e e j sriel ia b i l e di dpl a t eh:heoinahrvdefi manufactur esma: pol aeuwb o ced u ltte t tthddehon. i tre n odtehest(t s vephh t i lOiee a dLac t eedt i ti Ili rsgttetol36:llribisei Itee:::10:11! encountered some time ago. He had seen o ld n ot trade circulars to their correspondents, and he of find . one which contradicted another. " a 1 circulars he found the course of trade so r. su pitted during H on. M em ber a . ceu e rslis s et, to find any get u and ti ttio t 11 0 lion of theear, that he should he p 0 writer was to be successfully as sa e l e c t l' sle t i c e d e would quote this circular to confirm what he , -- „ t two; last year as to the course of trade during th elea,t 0 twee;,, months, and because his statement bad to * ce rtain le7c t t e4t 9 been disputed. The circular stated 1b" opt was begun by commercial. in the her e . bete ' men would prove the commencement of better tiD i A e ::sertl the same time it was perceived that th e r t'ee a elements were only below the surface. - le ° the s a nf „,, co n.l ~„ht . d isturbances of February imposed a check 0 ° 1 - ,T lir e !; Improvement that had commenced to di s Pblee ti a ;e In this manner M arc h was met , when the re " the Elbe caused a t o t a l sus pension 0 ' o . o t 1 ; 0 with the Continent. He was anxious t° I *lo fact out to the House as he had assertete e jecta thing last 3 ear, and it , 1 ad teen doubted. sogral went on to say that the hone trace had not be B a nd eee as expecte I, but that latterly an increased & ra w foe% sprung up, and provieee the mass of the fee l t hee: e , aploement, trade would still farther irepro Te ele of flip 3 ear. The circular, he conce:vcl bore elareeeeti thnony to the sta oof the country. The "61 r evs fell off d uring the two fi rst portions of the Y ea ",e'eee' s ti . cree e 1 during t e two last. In Ireland the re f ; r fell off during the three first quarters of ti , e l „oe ' had inere .ee during the Lst quarter of the Ye e e hie he conceived was a pretty fair sign thateilev en seteee proved, even in Ireland, and he hoped inaproeoVolep, go on, and show the Hon. and Gallant Meeet er 00: 0 0 Chatieston) that his fears e e not likely t. e ater e —Weir.) He would now call attention to t O OO made by the Hon. Member for Warwickshire the eela,be Hun. Member for Buckinghamshire, who wa s last session made an attempt to prove that Vre', e t he t het a o f solutely ruined. The Hon. Gentleman referre d l o ise c t ' to of imports, and contended from thence that the id te' t iety trade was so much against us, and that trade et - o°,; e c• carried on much longer, as it then was, at a 1195 ,e' e le 4 t he occasion he ventured to state to the House that g Lion of demand far our man u f ac t u res was °°l ; 'for troubled state of the Continent. The cireteLnsberitise just read said the same thi ng; b u t the Hore 4 l - tbe "dee Warwickshire then asserted he w as miga se e - ei he r turbed st ate of the Continent having increas e r ed mend for our manufactures. What hadeleseeP nt enelPe e er a - In the course of last year the state cf the ts°'eate ad- ow been much more quiet. What had been the e e'; n otte ife e export trade? What was the amount ol e e e - e ilt ? ae rie British manufactured goods sent to the CO O 7 O - be P'; bt indeed, the prosperity of the country wer e " - wee e e r e e e P sured by the extent of exports, there nev er ele e-1 g The o d in which there was so much prosperity. fo p , p# 4ll values had increased far beyond each O r a % we: etse month of the previous Sear. When they e a e : e f vek e t" ele ,9 declared %elm of exports of 1848 as conePs' es e last year, it would be seen there was angg lb j eo declared value el' little short cf 10,000, e4 e, Glared value of exports for the years le is leeee and 1849, stood thus:—in 1847, 48,946,0001., and in 1849 it was 58,84E40.0 oil le Continent had become tranquil, the exl 3°T `4ol o creased, and free trade bad swelled the e e eo C O • 10,000,000/. When Honourable Gentlenere e pee fideatly predes fined the utter ruin of te ed , in for from the policy which had been ears_ l , 2 , o oo e , a os 51,000,0001'0e country, be would beg them to make sometlePriona inaccuracies:. The cotton mark( t ha,g be one P o ol 196,750,0001b5. up to 335,650,000110. Of , portion of increase was to be found in the oas e s ,00 ; c oo to le ast 110- berdashery, 927,000 yards had increase yarn. 'Earthenware, from. 53,000 pieces t i le_ est 1 83, 3a-de; in cutlery there was an inernensoe_ OW fs o# wroughtthey had 't beenth ett,)lt from teat , t o h o e o cgwloty.etotlra6a,...Ouglii 10 . 0 1 ;bit, stroyed. But what v: as the fact? The r e . ri ll e P o , n3 ol: f r ds article bad inert ased by 50 per cent. e!, O o eo tared, from 89,000,000 yards to 106 2 ;6 , 000 )PolY, linen yarn, fsom 11,000,e00 yards W I l e r ' 0001 Ge; a il t i‘ o nrot.T,:lt iron, from 73,000 tons 50 '',..; ;, 0001"600 a manufactured, from 204,000:be. to role 206,000 to 404,000; 021'011 .s;' .o o. R .. 0 0 0 105,0 N); stockings, per pair, 54,000 to 1 0 4 e . h tho o , qtr , tiu only the priecii al articles in i tn ee re b e . elet l ' been an increase far beyond what cou e e eee d, the Feted or anticipated . lAA year, tilu" FRIDAY EVENING, FEBRUARY