The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-17 00:00:00

N BNITS were 6,0 00 400 EgY,P; sid. ; n d. to sfo. ; b --Shares Neter, 44 P Sties, 13/1; d Glasgow. . 0,, Lon don .7l Sheffield ; gbate, 51 4wiek, 4' Scottish Se • ster, 091 p a rts an a n d R oll°4 Tours,.su t 4 134" c the Pr in c!ting , a memorial two to the ; stated-- with g reP isses, oeca; yes them °1 beer, so oe: piness, e soil, is a' ard et ea 1 , 15 irer s of 14 • Shen toill )al inorlillig rOWiDg a nd to Pk v 6 0 g the nt. 01:1 the zwr t lustrY w ompelled ted bY th e m ore .- in d us trzea s ble. , reo l tax 146 war- t F the farme 'red of re(1 111 o nion 0 ing s e t ° le wait-- of the c I°s° o porta'_, re. ler . 05 0 . g is O l e ons ols bo o or Accto g. pre°, nk St ° " r e k ha s on per v' pry 991 1,• 011 h of Wu t iyl influ i e n o, t to ' e what vices. 35 i • cents• Ol and the,, BroPPO, e nts. ou h te ll but t— e 0 which c ;.o6 IoOA, IFOtfi CLUCK . 34% st sts bos 50 Ye 35% 601 99N PSN„, c. SO' s o to .... ' to ' to 1. 12 .... -"." to to to to ** to -- i••• t° • 1 54 ***** to too • to It o , 45 i ******* 0 6 to 4 • to, . tO '"•:. to . . Ws 16." 0 10 oJung:floof r 0 Le:d -rp 7.1! on a° of 51 ; Slo' t rter igi Vare; thpor. 5 DA l i breeze► 1111 iog AT., blO t o Pr °° ant, Wiest' yr/ O s d t 1 0 0; it s Ds' _ f 0 0 dsellt j to ps I.3b i l A l is ipt o WOW' viec ° ng jB 44 ' mbar , est V i l e :. Quiev_ Ac eP Bar i v , Day, adOeS', lo lo: psol),‘:, r a nsol 3 o o o baC k cell' co Ole', a ifti . 0 .ge flec iS A .o l ' 3 r 0w0.4. 0 t; ü bia . 1 ‘, „ 1 , „ c o; xascou"4 ah Low' 3t. J i ° huh ra naus' •de oft ; T r ' ye foray, , nos —. O a aims , of h P II to • in h as 1°55 11 °' r 13$ >anyvd asPe 00; l e Fr e t oP, vas par to b t t he ,cics f `O 3 S lifter b ai l ! ill u )r 5 a A crev i be of t he 3Y , per k, 1; , gr een be ee O il° _ A fr"' r, P u llet tovi e _ j oiet [e - jet, a 14/113 oft ho'g' f t er . °- 30 00c em' re ° l4-' s t, I ,s e 'fore ,ity to Ivo 4 ARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) SMITE' 'um rt.a.r 3131% MEETS. . l ELD.—Coarse M ea d ow Hay, 31 10s to 41 10s; 5/ g 8 ditto 41 12s to 5/ ; fi ne Upland ditto, Si to ; Clover Hay, 41 lO s t o 61 6 s ; () a t Straw, 118 s to 1110 3 ; Wheat Straw, 1/ lOs to 1/ 12s per load. Sup- Ply but moderate, and trade firm. /JC,IsT.MBERLAND.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 3/ 12s to 41125; s i e un ditto, 4/ 14s to 5/ ; fine Upland ditto, 51 3s to 11 I °3 ; Clover Hay, 41 12s to 61; Oat Straw, 11 Ss to 1/ '3IL; W heat Straw, 1/ 12s to 11 153 per load. A average supply, and a steady demand. uselvfiartiT. l: E enAPEL.—Co arse M ea d ow H a y, 3/10s to 41 10s; 5/ g s ditto, 41 12s to 51; fine Upland ditto, 513 s to t o „ Clover Hay, 4/ 10s to 6 / 10s ; O at S traw , 11 8 s I °3 ; Wheat Straw, 11 lls to 11 13s per load. hti ons ll . a y and Straw moved off slowly, at our quo- I. MEAT MARKETS. —SIIAM, OCT. 16.—Prime Beasts and Sheep were I; a ( i te4 4 demand, at a trifling improvement in their t e ll ,?. In all other hinds of stock very little was doing. 3q 4s from 2s 8d to 4s ; Mutton, 2s 10d to 4s ; Veal, t•" 4, ; sod Pork, 2s 6d to 3s 4d per 81bs. apply 'tUNDXL, OCT. 15.—Although we had only a limited 28881 t=f 6tock on show to-d a y, the general demand a aloggish state, at our quotations :—Beef, from 48 and t() 45 ; Mutton, 3s to 4s 2d ; Veal, 3s 6d to Pork, 23 6d to 35 6d per Blbs. of t-;f.lliclue.sTEE, OCT. 16.—We had l a fair average supply 0464 stock on sale thi • morning, while the trade was, fr oo e ,whole, firm, and ' prices were well supported. Beef, to 4 s 8d to 4s ; Mutton, 3s to 4s ; Veal, 3s 6d , 4 s ; and Pork, 2s to 3s 6d per Sibs. Suckling 44 " s, 18s t o 30s• quarter-old Store Pigs, 16s to 20s; Cows,with ea c h Mil their Small Calf, 161 to 181 lOs Sur, it ' — ` 41,1 ., OCT. 16.—With Beasts and Sheep we were suPplied, the time of year considered, but the num kill; of Calves and Pigs were comparatively small. Each , 4 41:1 ,_ of Prime stock was in steady demand, at fully last jihse,"'s quotations ; but in all other qualities only a 6s to ~business was done, at late rates. Beef, from 2s teas°,B 10d ; Mutton, 2s 8d to 4s ; Veal, 3s 4d to aria Pork, 2s 8d to 3s 10d per Sibs. Supply Rots, 41; Sheep, 1,820 ; Calves, 50 ; Pigs, 60. so„ s ' 41 OCT. 16.—For most kinds of fat stock, the r 4," 13 Y of which was tolerably good, we had a fair in -2a 10 at full prices. Beef, from 2s 8d to 4s ; Mutton, 3 l ecl to 4s ; Veal, 3s 4d to 45 ; and Pork, 2s 10d ter 8 " Per Bibs. Suckling Calves, 18s to 32s ; quar their Store Pigs, 16s to 20s ; and Milch Cows, with Small Calf, 161 to 201 each. CORN AVERGES. I , or th e 4ENERA E PRICES A OF BRITISH CORN vv In ,—.ozeek ended Oct C it i es , made up from the Returns of tll ..p er vr , •in the differe..t and Towns in England and Wal es, whe tinDerial Quarter. taticay ........... 46s 3d 1 Oats ...... w 3 34 6d I Rye ..,... .. 3 - is 10d I Pease weekend y ERAGES OF THE LAST SIX WEEKS. N-....,,,,,,,,... na ovirawr. ISARLEY.I OATS. RTE. 1 BEANS. I TEASE. A, 7"----, ------1,-----1 ---- 1 53 10 14. ..... .... 53 11 35 9 20 5 34 4 38 __ 2 , .. .. ..... 45 11 .35 11 20 I 35 9, 37 S 31 1 2 .... ....... 45 3 35 6 20 5 35 7I 37 3 33 1 Oct 7 . ..... 45 9 "at 5 20 5 37 3 { 36 8 5 3 u 5 12.. ..... " 1 33 9 20 6 37 5, 36 6 33 P4pt i4 ;"" 46 3 33 6 20 6 37 10 !38 11 34 0 vvh at AL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OT THE SIX WEEKS ti arl t es....: ..... 464 . 4d, I Oats 7d. "*w. 3 411. 10.1. 1 Rye ..., 36s. /AI Pease. .... .... s. k W heat . DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORE. ik, ...."*" 20 ,k " 4 —... I Oats .s. 6d. 6a. ~. "..." •s• Od. Rye „,„,"„ 6w, 6d .1 Pease ••••••••• I , FL `• ER MAIL AND DUTCH PAPERS. _ ..............-- (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) jai Taiat 11400 E, OCT. a ' s tate that in co 'nary 13.—The latest accounts from ttr ou nsequence of the extraordi , glit the rice harvest has failed this year in several r t art"fjav a• This grain had also risen in price, but P - ' rePert that the Government had prohibited the ex rtst,a is not confirmed. Some private letters speak 4: it :allure of the coffee crop in the central parts of pr. s i_ Ili gt euvraner, member of the Committee of Natural of coal in t or ° tY, has discovered considerable Vii ;: e°, on the banks of the river Merta beds raund like treat a ,2erY fine kind of iron ore. H has 'likewisea of 17 num ber of new and curious animals, and specimens 14, ,! slifferent kinds of timber, which are expected at Ari a . tti!:_ir British neighbours in India are now n more and „,r7..e, sensible that the Netherlands Government ment makes Pocla Penang civli_6_..efforts to suppress ta4e.lte a nnounces that among others, forty persons, Pir at ' s o f Penang, who had been sold as slaves by the Th., e, had been restored to liberty and sent home. ~,11, residents at Riouw and the naval officers, by of h a ' Means this was effected, have . received the thanks ‘ 9 ., Go vernor-General of British India. e 0„- from the Java papers of last May, that our miussary Inspector has been appointed for Borneo, an a . e, PPointinent which is probably connected with the th e t *444 that have lately taken place—the .attna_ck Mr.on k,.. two English vessels, with the death t bri ' ra Y in the river Koetie, the plunder of the Belgian sh i t Charles soon afterwards, and the expedition of our hi a P, s .. l % . 'hich punished the Sultan of Koetie by burning i a v , hi e f Kampong, T g rong The country of Koetie 11 0 % Part of the rezi a d n en a cy . o . I . the southeast coast of k tlt ee, and the Dutch Resident, who resides in Ban -eriousin Alts l , g* attai n ERDAM, Oct.' . 12.— . W . e learn that in the last propo s e the Central Navigation Committee at Mainz, a t ° b o aL sb .w as made by the Dutch Government entirely ()4ti he li :' 9r at least considerably to reduce, the duties TxitiP•ton of the Rhine. Papers of 4 t.; OCT. 14.—We have received the Java th at on h t ue 3 4 and 6th of July, from which we hear_ Capt a • t e h 3°4l of June, the Dutch ship Kad Thiel, i v :Y se a r in to C j el ier, sailed from Batavia on the annual or Pan. : A' Dutch squadron, which had gone with tocictehhr:s pl.r.ates to the south of Sambas, had met tight "" and sunk one of their vessels, and catu to s a , , with their crews, which had been brought , roo ks. 15 ntres ra lre o s Ta t ::ee m.onitOeucTr T. 1 9.—The King relay ..,.... The 4,Lernoon. arrived from Ardenne e c_in ation of thepiublishes the royal ordinance . with the Ippon duties on machines, on certain r :!nteals, ended or printed calicoes, or on dyed_;) a c he silks,on white dyed embroidered, &c., t . ull a e s , at il p e r ti e litY on white or unbleached calicoes is to remain s ic : i ° o l il o e r lit pr ' in 7:::: or printed calicoes, 325 francs per tlyi, Itngrammes. Silks unbleached, or half white, for pay the same duty as at present t . not rih h ette ,hed, dyed, or printed, including foulards (bu Per k i f"us • whiok aro to pay as at present four francs tasn o f Q t ra tntne), 10 francs per kilogramme. Cotton itbporrture of French origin not to pay the additional n lon g a th,tY for one year, nor those of the Zollverein, s Zoll ye s tne treaty of the Ist of September, between the to h, letti and Belgium, shall be in force. French silks n v entio .._ree from the increase of duty as long as the co t _ e - Z°l lve tt re' q t • he 16th July is in force, and those of hof Sep te ,,,,ta till the expiration of the treaty of the -40er• Aetna oniC i)en LO TAN FUND3.—BausseLs, OCT. 14, %it, 2% p er Ce l nt., hild s Loan Five per Cent .... 102 " Q n f Thirty Millions, Four per Cent. 9B Three per z•- „ rty-seven Alilliens, ditto ... ...... 1 iLifIN s ---- '" --- ----- 104 102, '',.1344t"C"71 1843, ' Four per Cent g ank Yof C ommerce, Four and a Half Per Cent ,3i of Belgium, Five per Cent ............ ...•••••• " u untie of 18u .. ;. . . Brussel;...l"a •p;;;;OCriE."... DUTCH FU ND 3 .—Anereitimm, ? d oz e r . . 8111.. Actu al pat, 234 per Cent............. ........ sni 10062% conthlerti v ie n tat di, Aut0.„.ii.e,..5 per cent. 44i per cent 99 33 5 s , it 34, per cent... 89% 3 1 Loa n 1834. s•ompany, 4% per cent ... Elchange onPaccennt, Onetnonth ...7 l2 15 Hamburgh, OTwneo mm:nntthhs."" 3.5 64 0754 Two monthi '3s 37 DR A4leit Pa pers, Oat. 15. t. ""‘"`.4 Ab i ? Ul, CONFLAGRATION AT BLACKWALL. b ol, hi " ll rning, about half-past three, a dreadful fire Tai.!.a out at Blackwall in the bar of the Britannia en rn, and spread with rapidity. The A, B, and D Count nes of the brigade, the West of England, as also B:°t:Y ri re Office, West India Dock, parish, &c., were hbrolight to bear on the flames, but every exertion ti l l l —e Part of the firemen was useless, and very speedily F r 6 India Rouse Tavern also shared the same fate . el ora the nce , the flames reached the Plough, the Art.i cjih,' IC "ng's Arms, and George taverns, and by six w ''''' a rnost dreadful ravage had been the consequence. ne ater ,„was well supplied to the firemen, and they, with htr;eroas auxiliaries, kept continually throwing copious c ou - i are s on the burning mass, but not any impression , (I be made till ro ert to the amount of at least L 0 t i o ' n ° ° o l- had been dePstropyedy. By ten o'clock the destruc to thewas. at an end, when an examination took place as Origin of the fire, the loss of property, and names i'of Persons interested in the dreadful calamity. The fol w ...a.g may be relied on as correct : ~,,tritannia Tavern —All destroyed. naceniz Fire -office. i ,India Hous® Tavern Com letel consumed. Insured ' 4 -,-,tee HarKl-in-Hand-o—ffice. P Y v Plough Tavern —Roof, &c., destroyed. Insured in the rntsiect oVkiectTuallers'-office. t he Sun R f & destroyed. Insured in rliiture, &c., f4'ing's Arms Ta vern —Considerably damaged. The Fire-offi av e e e r . ll °° , c., insured in the Union Fire-office. t r )I : e c'rge Tavern—Furniture damaged. Insured in the -nton Fre.o ffi c,. ta, A va ls l o two private h ouses —Furniture damaged by re ma , and neither insured. 4t hadot known how the fire originated, and the in tes several narrow escapes. Insured in the .------ k We are authorised to state, that her Majesty has been . .. gractously pleased to appoint Monday, the 28th 1 ,,, for the opening of the New Royal Exchange. Her '44.lesty will enter the City at Temple -bar at 12 o'clock. 'Times. parsAVESTNIINSTEZ-BRIDGE.--011 Monday the carrge f We s t m i nster -bridge was closed for further iare tii the recent Parliamentary return, it appears iat from year 1810 to 1838,a sum of 83,0971.65. 91d. lrtti, expended in the repairs and alterations of the "Ige, together with charges for professional and other r''viees. The cost since 1838 in the repairs and altera .low.. 11,ui• amounted to 82 ,6611., and a further sum was re- Cinered of 52,8791, and if the footpaths were made the lig London -bridge, an additional sum of 40,000 L b n i ttld be expended. The total income of the property i° ding" to the Commissioners of the Bridge is 7,464/. ,f s • a year. It will be seen that the sum expended gat'snce 18 38, and the further sum required amount in six to upwa 111 ths Propert of the bridge in the period only —"114, SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) NEWMARKET-IVEDNESD.IY NIGHT. CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKES. A to 5 ou Foig-a-ballagh 18 to 1 , agst The Cure 29 to agst Evenus 10 to 1 agst Alarm—taken 12 to 1 agst Col. Peel's lot—t 20 to 1 agst Forth's lot—t 20 to 1 agst Sir G. Heath got,' lot—taken 17 to 1 agst Ledger 25 l'oco_l agst Minikin c-30 to :1 taken 30 to. agstFitz-Allen—t 30 to 1 agst Connaught Rz ►nger—t 33 to 1 agst Old England—t 'ENTRIES FOI 20 to 1 agst Golden Rule 20 to 1 agst The Altered One BY. 35 to 1 agst Black Prince—t 40 to 1 agst Pantasa—t 40 to 1 agst Lillah colt 50 to 1 agst Young Eclipse —taken 50 to 1 agst Clear-the-way 50 to 1 agst Laird o' Cock pen—taken 1,000 to 16 agst Flahowlagh —taken 1,000 to 10 agst Lycurgus TiIUItSDAY. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each for two-yrs-old, winner to be sc id for 40L, &c. :—Colt by Bentley, out of Emma — f by 0 msar,' out of Vienna—Richard Cricket, f by Horn sea, di mby Sultan—f by Caesar, out of Linnet—St. Do mingo, Miscellany. Swet pstakes of 10 sovs. each, winner to be sold for 3001., & c. :—Chatham, 5 yrs—Canton, 4 yrs—Ashtead Pet, 3 y rs—Walpole, 3 yrE—Physalis, 3 yrs—My Mary, 2 yrs, uoid Tawney, 2 yrs. Ha acticap Plate of 1004, A. F.:—Minotaur, Bst 121 b Scaltc en, 7st )21b—Johnny, 7st 101b—Needful, 7st 101 b —Low rid, 7st 81b—Hyrcanium, 7st 81b—Revocation, ist 811)—Na worth, 7st 21b—Prosody, 7st 21b—Ashtead Pet, 6st; 1 Olb —Souvenir filly, 6st IMb—Young Lochinvar, 6st 101:0.—S1celeton, 6st 61b—Plantaganet, 6st 41b—Cock fighter,: 6st 101b—Coal Black Rose, sst 121b—Boarding- School 'Alas, sst 121b—Crosby, sst 21b—and Five's-the- Main, s,st. The Ratan affair was again proceeded with this even ing, anal again. adjourned. ASSAULT ON A WIFE BY HER lII3SF,AND, AND ATTEMPTED SUICIDE. (A bridged from the Cheltenham Examiner.) Or Sat urday morning the neighbourhood of Mount pleasant was thrown into a state of great excitement, by a report,' that a man named Young, a coal-dealer, residing there, le ad stabbed his wife and two children, and after wards. a' ;tempted suicide by cutting his own throat ; the rumo , ar spread far and near, and the house was beseiged by th o populace, who used no very gentle language to wards the culprit, and the policemen stationed on the prem aes had some difficulty in preserving order among the c rowd. In the afternoon the depositions of the in jured, woman were taken, at the house, before W. Gyde, Esq. The husband, Richard Young, apparently about forty five yel irs of age, was lying in bed with his throat ban daged. up, quite sensible and collected ; he took no notice of his wife when she came into the room, and took but lit tle interest in the proceedings. The floor and bed clothe s, and several of the articles, were spotted with blood. Mr; s. Young deposed that her husband and herself had frequt :at disagreements together, and she had separated from .him. Four days before the assault they had made matters up. On the Friday night they went to bed on vet- . F good terms. About four o'clock she was awoke by 'blow in the bowels, and putting her hand to the spot, she felt the blood running from her. Her hus - bar id, who was out of bed, cried out, " Mother Young, Mc idler Young." She said, "Oh Richard, lam afraid yol z have killed me," and begged of him to get a light ; he did so, and went down stairs, leaving her in the dark. She ran into her son's room, calling " murder," and hear d her son say, " Oh don't, father, dont't do it," or wort Is to that effect. She then ran out of the house and into a neighbour's, who applied bandages to the wound and stopped the blood ; it bled very much. H enry Young slept in an adjoining room, and about five o'clock was awoke by his mother rushing into the root a crying "murder." She told him to run into his fathor's room ; he did so, and found his father sitting o❑ the side of the bed, and the blood running out of a great gash in his throat. _ _ _ James S?ring, police-constable 37, deposed to being called in directly after the occurrence ; he found Young was lying on the bed, covered up in the clothes; he turned him on his back, and found his throat cut, and the knife produced. lying beside him, the pen blade being open. Witness assisted the doctor to dress the wounds, and stayed in charge of the prisoner afterwards. He said, " Polioesnan, we are not our own keepers ; do you think I shall be transported ? I knew nothing of it till my wife cried out I am stabbed.' I then recollected all, and cut my throat, in hopes we might die together. I cut my throat because I thought I had stabbed my wife." Mr. Henry Taylor, surgeon—On seeing Mrs. Young, and br ling told what had occurred, requested to examine the wound, and found it an incised one ; it was about half an inch in length and one-eighth of an inch in depth, and wErs just such a wound as would be caused by the penknife produced. It was not at all dangerous, but might :have been serious. This being the whole of the evidence, and the prisoner declining to say anything in his defence, he was fully committed to the assizes. Mr. Superintendent Russell was ballad over to prosecute, and the witnesses to give evidence. Tix STATUE OF WILLIAM IV. - The beautiful pedestal, which is intended for the statue of William IV., was on Monday raised to its full elevation (25 feet), , - and in a few days the statue will be placed thereon. The site of the statue is most commanding, and will, when completed, not only form an excellent point of refuge at those immense thoroughfares, King William-street, Ar thur-street, and Gracechurch-street, but will also form an interesting ornament, particularly when seen from London-bridge. The statue itself has been already de scribed, and the whole will be erected under the direction of Mr. Chadwick, by whom also' the tasteful sculptural decorations of the pedestal have been executed. The column or pedestal is the frustrum of a cone, formed of large circular blocks of Hayter granite ; encircled at the lower part of the base is a massive, chastely sculptured, unique design of a chain cable. In the centre of the pillar is a noble Grecian scroll, and immediately beneath the capital is a circular wreath of oak leaves, with acorns In these designs there is splendour as well as novelty. COURT OF ALDERMEN.—The following are the names of the Aldermen voting on the question of ad mitting Mr. Salomons, without taking the declaration: — Majority—the Lord Mayor, Lord Mayor Elect, Alder men Lucas, Sir P. Laurie, Farebrother, Kelly, Sir C. Marshall, Sir J. Pixie, Johnson, Sir G. Carroll, Hooper, Farncomb, Hughes-13. Minority—Sir J. Key, Alder men Humphery, Thomas Wood, Hunter, Challis, Sidney-6. Sir C. Hunter and Alderman Wilson left the Court before the division, or the majority would have been fifteen. ATTEMPT TO UPSET A RAILWAY TRAIN.—At Durham, on Monday, William Atkinson, a young man of respectable exterior, was charged with having ob structed certain carriages on the Durham and Sunder land Railway, and thereby endangered the lives of the passengers. It appeared that on the 4th of August, as the passenger train in the evening, from Hartlepool to Sunderland, was proceeding down Seaton-bank—a steep incline, two miles and a half in length—the conductor observed something lying across the rails. He applied the break, and this obstruction (which proved to be a bunch of railway keys) was safely passed over. Further along the line two similar obstructions were met with ; in one case two keys had been placed in an upright posi tion between the rails, and had not these been removed by the guard, who leaped from the train, there can be no doubt the carriages would have been thrown over on the incline, and many lives sacrificed. Near where the last obstruction took .place, Atkinson was seen running along the line, and afterwards leaping over a hedge. He was pursued by the guard, and when he came up to him and asked what he was doing there, Atkinson replied he was going to take a sleep. He was removed to Sunderland. No other person was seen on the line, or near it, for the entire distance from Seaton to Sunderland. No motive could be assigned for the commission of such a heinous offence by the prisoner, , or indeed any other person. It appeared that he had , been compelled to leave the carriage at the junction which is near Seaton, when he wanted to be at Sunder- land, in consequence of having only taken a ticket to that place, and also that the servants of the company re fused to allow him to travel to Sunderland on the coal waggots after the train had left; both these circum stances seemed greatly to annoy him, but no threatening language was used by him. His counsel, Mr. Grainger, commented on the absence of motive for the commission of such an appalling crime, and suggested that it must have been perpetrated by some discarded servant who harboured feelings of revenge against the proprietors. It was elicited in the course of the investigation that railway keys are laid about so loosely that any person may easily obtain them for the purpose of overthrowing trains, and also that the line is not watched by police men, at least only a small portion of it. The jury re- • turned a verdict of Not Guilty. INTERMITTENT FEVERS.—Dr. Crawford states that intermittent and remittent fevers are extremely prevalent in Upper Canada, whilst they are very rare in the lower division of the province. An extraordinary exemption from this class of fevers is also observable in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. At Annapolis, Windsor, and Fort Cumberland, in Nova Scotia, which are situated at the embouchures of rivers, daily exposed to exten sive inundations by the rise of the tide, where the banks for several miles exhibit a combination of mud, marsh, and decayed vegetation, so generally considered a prolific source of this class of febrile diseases—inter mittents and remittents are extremely rare ; and at Frederictown, in New Brunswick, situated on the marshy banks of a river, surrounded by a dense wood and luxu riant vegetation, these diseases are scarcely ever met with ; proving that, although, on some occasions, cir cumstances of this nature may favour the development of this disease, its prevalence or existence is by no means a necessary consequence or concomitant ; while, on the other hand, this class of diseases has been very preva lent at Gibraltar, the lonian Islands, and Bermuda, countries which are destitute of marsh, and compara tively barren of vegetation.—Medical Times. A letter from Hamburgh of the 4th says :—" Last Saturday all the persons engaged on the daily journal, the Correspondent Impartial de Hambourg, celebrated by a dinner the sixtieth anniversary of the entry of ono of the compositors, named Hein, on the paper. During that long period he had not missed his work a single day. He is now eighty-eight years of age, enjoys excellent health, and does his work like a young man. There were 220 persons present at the dinner, including all the master printers of the place. One of these gentle men, M. Bodecker, sent 100 pine-apples, 4001 b. of fine grapes, and an immense quantity of flowers for the tist." OPENING of the SPANISH CORTES. MADRID, OCT. 10, The Cortes were opened to-day by the Queat in person about one P.M. The royal 'Cortege left the palace at a quarter before bile, and passed through the Calle Mayor and other streets to the Priesta del Sol, and thence by the Calle del Arenal and Plaza del Oriente to the Senate, where the members of both chambers were assembled to meet her Majesty. Numerous carriages preceded that of the Queen, con taining the principal members of the household; these were followed by the Infante Don Francisco de Paulo, preceded by two hussars as outriders; and, lastly, the Queen, with her mother and sister, preceded by a de tachment of the Maria Christina Hussars, and fol lowed by another detachment of the same troops, and a large body of lancers, the regiment of Curassiers completing the procession. The streets through which the procession passed were covered with tapestry and ornamentol. The firing of 21 cannon announced the departure of the Queen from the Palace, and 21 more her entrance into-the Senate. The deputations from the two Chan - i- Lers met her Majesty at the entrance to the Palace of the Senate. A special deputation from the Cortes accompanied the Queen-Mother, the Infante Luisa Fernanda, and the Infante Don Francisco de Paulo, to the tribune reserved for them. Her Majesty, re ceived by the deputation from the Cortes, made her entrance into the hall accompanied by the Ministers and the officers of her household. The deputation from the Cortes remained at the steps to the throne. The Queen took her place on the throne, surrounded by the Ministers and the officers of her household and her ladies of honour. As soon as the Queen had taken her seat, the President of the Council of Minis ters, after having saluted the Queen's hand, presented the speech to be read on opening the Cortes. The Queen, after having read the speech, passed it to the Minister of Grace and Justice, who will have authentic copies made for the two legislative bodies, and a copy for insertion in the Madrid Gazette. The President of the Council of Ministers approached to receive the Queen's commands, and proclaimed them in the following form :—" Her Majesty com mands me to declare that the Cortes for the year 1844 are legally opened conformable to the Constitution of the Monarchy." The Queen then descended from the throne, and quitted the hall. The firing of 21 cannon announced her departure, and 21 shots her arrival at her palace. The national flag was hoisted on all the public buildings during the day. As the passage from the Queen's palace to the Senate is but short, it was determined, in order that the entire po pulation of the city might have an opportunity of seeing her Majesty, and in order to refute the calum nious reports in circulation respecting her Majesty's health, that, in place of following the direct line, the Queen proceeded by the Puerta del Sol. Troops wes stationed on the passage of the royal procession. The public were particularly curious to see for the first time the Civic Guard accoutred in a French costume, who figured in the procession. The organization of this new creation of gendarmerie is almost complete. One of the private letters states, that the speech from the throne is from the pen of M. Martinez de la Rosa. The following are the names of the members of the deputation who waited upon the Queen :—MM. Aloe Monucal, Sanjurjo, Blonco y Toja, Llander, Coira, Vasquez, Conga Arguelles, Pueja, Aspiroz, Arena, and Carriquiri. The Queen and her sister both looked pale and had a somewhat melancholy expression :of countenance, indicative of a delicate state of health. Queen Christina, on the other hand, looked animated and much better that when she first entered Madrid. Her Majesty on taking her seat on the throne in he Senate House delivered the following speech : " Senors, Senators, and Deputies, " I could not celebrate my birthday in any better way than by assembling together on this auspicious day the Cortes•of the kingdom, and by surrounding myself with the elected of the nation. " I ought also to congratulate myself for the benevo lent dispositions which the allied and friendly Powers continue to manifest towards me, among whom the Su blime Porte has felicitated me by means of an Extraordi nary Envoy, who has been received in these kingdoms in a manner befitting the ancient bonds that subsist between both States. " A serious event had happened which might have disturbed the peace which I .so much desire to preserve with the empire of Morocco ; but considering the na tional honour to be compromised, before which conside ration all others ought to be silent, my Government made the fitting reclamations, and prepared itself to sup port it, if nececsary, by force of arms.' On this occasion I received a new proof of friendship on the part of my august allies, the King of the French and the Queen of Great Britain and areland. Both one and the other Sovereign offered me their good offices, which I accepted in suitable terms ; and events becoming complicated up to the point of war breaking out between the empire of Morocco and France (a war terminated with such cele rity and glory by that Power), the British Government continued interposing its powerful influence with the greatest efficacy, in order to arrange our disturbances with that empire. This has fortunately happened. The basis of a treaty, in virtue of which Spain will obtain the satisfaction justly due to her, having been already agreed upon, my Ministers will present the said convention to you as soon as it is ratified in the proper manner. " They will also present to you, and in the earliest session, the project of constitutional reform—a most essential point—which my Government has already in dicated since the very convocation of the Cortes, and whose gravity cannot be hid from your illustration and patriotism. I promise myself that you will . dedicate yourself with zeal to so important a work, since the least delay might occasion incalculable evils, frustrating the hopes of the nation, which desires to see the field of political discussion closed as soon as possi▪ ble, and the institutions which are to rule it secured for the future. inslltuntioornds7 it to is give ce ne smoresa necessary a robustnessnd urgent ati d to force endow to h those t e nation with organic laws which are in conformity with the Constitution, and facilitate its action and movement. For this reason I hope that you will contribute, in accord with my Government, to repair a fault whi▪ ch the nation is lamenting for many years. " If you effect the reform of the Constitution in a short time, and the planting of the organic laws which are its itself with your attention will be able to employ with more time and leisure in the examination of ad ministrative and economical improvements, which will have great influence in the wealth and prosperity of the people. " Anxious, as well as yourselves, that this important object should be attained, I have ordered my Ministers to present to you various projects of law upon adminis trative affairs. " With respect to finance, the first step towards esta blishing order and concert in it has been the disembar rassing of the contributions and public revenues from the charges contracted during my minority, through the difficulties occasioned by the civil war and other lament able circumstances. The products of the revenues and contributions being united, it will be less difficult to apply them to the most peremptory necessities, while it is sought to establish the possible equilibrium between the income and expenditure, improving the tributary system on the one hand, and making opportune economy on the other. This is the best means to re-establish credit in a natural manner, for which end it is indis pensable to take into consideration the fate of the State creditors, both national and foreign. Order in the finances and good faith in the Government will afford them the best guarantee. " I have the most lively satisfaction in announcing to you that the army, after a civil war of seven years, and the political changes in which the bonds of obedience are always loosened, is, in fact, in an excellent state of dis cipline. The part relative to instruction has received the improvements which the advancement of the mili tary art reclaimed, and I have further sent Commis sioners of the scientific branches to foreign countries, in order that whatever is thought useful and fitting may be applied at once to the Spanish army. With the object of alleviating the budget, all the economies have been made which are compatible with the safety of the State, and the welfare of those who have shed their blood in defence of the throne and the laws. When the authority of the latter becomes strengthened by means of order in the administration, and the vigour of the civil authori ties, the force of the army may be diminished w i t h out danger; effecting both the advantage of restoring to their hearths many useful arms, and of the lightening of the budget of the contributions. "In the midst of the difficulties of the Treasury, I have fixed my particular attention on the navy, the re cord of so many glories, and object of so many hopes. The situation of the Peninsula and of the rich territories which Spain still possesses in various parts of the world, requires, under all conceptions, the creation of a power ful marine ; and as this must be the work of time, and of a plan followed up with perseverance, my Govern ment will make known to you the dispositions that I have taken directed towards that end, having aided at once by the only means within reach, to repair, as far as possible, s o justiceoo t a e Ts m :h e wmae n hly t s iaocGbhlroeeavciare requires ni fault. rfmae s e fundamental reform c advanced, vwae.nilcleTddi,hc oteoauf dictate ho t s h nt oec to ou a ess deiomr useful serve n o i af s st measures at a the e i ae o sm n un ere ne o ws f t t in the meantime, to smooth the way to the desired re form. In this manner we shall g o on es t a bli s hi ng re gularity and concert in the various br a n c h es o f adminis tration ; and although no f ew o b s t ac l es are to b e over come, a great deal m a y b e a d vance d i n th e wor k com menced,dgil so o py n oasl t ihtcieoo co-operation o i e s fr t a a ttnhi e people assistance andof Dasi assistance,, a e s on,e P e , andrrt tired c of . changes an d di stur b ances, d es i re, with anxiety, to enjoy tranquillity a n d re p ose un d er th e emp i re of the laws, and the tutelar shade of the throne, contributing to the same end." At the alum. - the audit of Earl Somer, held at Madresficl& on Monday week, his Lordship returned 101. per cent to his tenantry.— Worcestershire Chronicle, -, lg 28734 FRENCH RAIL - WA/tn. . . YTrom the Constitutionnel.) A circular of the President of the Committee of Stock brokers recommends the members to abstain from all negotiations in reference to the railways which have re cently been adjudicated, until it receives the royal sanc tion. A Ministerial journal published the abOve cir- cular this morning:, acnompanyibg it with a Warning to the More ardent speculators. This is very well ; but there will be some difficulty in repressing speculation, which is the inevitable consequence of the system of financial companies adopted by the law of 1842. Spe culation was not relaxed with regard to promises of shares in the Bordeaux and Vierzon railways, and the jobbers are yet on the Bourse using the activity of cartesien atoms. We do not know if they profess to be stock-brokers, but true it is that promises of shares in the Bordeaux and Vierzon lines realise enormous pre miums to the profit of those men Who are most conver sant with the usages and resources of the Bourse. Without doubt these operations have no legal character any more than bargains for time, which, however, do not inspire the Committee with similar scruples. Although the circular of M. Courpon does not appear to us to produce a great effect upon the speculators, we think, however, that it would have been mere proper to have published it on the Sth than the 12th ; that might, perhaps, have prevented some dupes from trusting, be fore the adjudications, to the promises of shares in a rival company, and of losing 10 per cent, upon the spe culation. Now this company seems to play, with regard to the Mackenzie Company, the part of the fox in the fable of the "Fox and the Raven." In effect, all is not over with the adjudicated company. Many things re main to be arranged, and more than one detail may stop the confirmation. With regard merely to the sinking fund, how will it be fixed ? To redeem the capital in twenty-eight years will require a large redue , . tion from the receipts, or else a combination, which the company does not seem to have agreed upon, and which M. Dumon awaits with impatience. However, it may be the excluded companies are still in hope, and are using more means than one to carry off the prey from the pro visional conqueror. (From La Patrie.) K Courpon, President of the Committee of Stock holders, has, by a special circular, recommended the members of the company t o a b s t a i n from all speculation, in reference to promises of shares in railways. Why was not this circular published before the late adjudica tion ? It might have opened the eyes of some dupes of the second order. As to the speculators, they know what they are about, and it is perfectly useless to give advice to them. Besides, the three excluded companies from the late adjudication do not despair of resuming their posi tion in the affair. It is said that the victorious company is sufficiently embarrassed respecting the redemption of its capital in the short and unheard-of space of twenty eight years. - (From La Patrie of the 15th.) A report was current this afternoon on the Bourse, that two of the companies who had presented themselves for the adjudication of the Bordeaux Railway, had proposed to contest for the Vierzon line, in case the Minister, withholding his sanction to the adjudication made to the Bartholony Company, should make a new adjudication. (From the Paris Globe) _ _ _ _ We frankly avow that we are of the number of those who are astonished at the boldness of the company to whom the Bordeaux Railway has been adjudicated. Until proof to the contrary, we believe ourselves to be fully authorised by the most simple calculations to ex pect a reduction: of duration of near fourteen years of the lease; the chances of success are but little favourable to the operation. The National more penetrating, without doubt, than the general good sense, than the Government and the reporter himself, pretends to de monstrate that the term of the Mackenzie tender pro duces the identical results of the expose of the Minister of Public Works, as well as the estimate of M. Dufaure. In short, if the National is to be believed, the forty-six years of the Minister, the forty-one years of M. Dufaure, and the twenty-seven years of the company, aro in reality the same. " The calculations of the Minister and M. Dufaure," says this Radical paper, "were equally wrong, because they had both a basis equally wrong. Thus, the Minister and the reporter both admit that the company would expend a capital of seventy millions, whilst the capital. necessary is only sixty-fi ve millions. They both admit besides that the sinking fund must be of the entire capital, which is a p a lp a bl e error. The capital will, in effect, be divided into two parts—two-thirds devoted to the laying down of the rails, and which will not be repaid, and one-third to the acquisition of material, and which will be rep a id a t th e end of the term. Now, what is the object of a sinking fund ? The reconstitution of the expended capital. Therefore, since a third of t h e capital will be restored by the repayment, it evidently follows that the sinking fund need only provide for the two-thirds which will not be repaid." If ever the National has been an imprudent and dan gerous friend it is now. In desiring to prove too much it compromises that which it seeks to defend, and raises arguments to answer itself. It is true, as it pretends, that a third of the capital is devoted to the acquisition of material, but it is not true that this third is to be re imbursed to the company. No one is ignorant, except the National, that this reimbursement is never made upon the original price ; we know on the contrary, that at the end of the term the company receives only, as a valuation of old materials, what they may be declared entitled to—that is to say, after a reduction of fifty per cent. at least. In adopting, then, this fifty per cent., as the amount of reimbursement for the company, it will be seen that a sixth only of the entire capital escapes the necessity of a sinking fund. Until the most ample explanations on the part of the Mackenzie Company, we are warranted in expressing our doubts upon the advantages of its operatigns. We will add, that it is impossible that this company can fix its sinking fund upon a higher rate than one per cent., as has been established in the report of the Commission. Now, by the system of annuities, we only reimburse, at the end of twenty-seven years two hundred and seventy days, a capital of forty-four millions (according to the calculations of the National), and not the total sum of sixty-five millions, from which it is true would have to be deducted seven or eight mil lions paid by the State under the head of reimbursement of material. We sincerely wish that the Mackenzie Company may be able to furnish in this respect the ne cessary explanations. We are, as it is well known, far from being opposed to the s y s t e m of companies, but we are also desirous that these companies may never become the subject of ultimate embarrassment to the State, and on this head we will quo t e t h e wor ds of M. Dufaure, in his report upon the r a il way f rom Orleans to Tours (ses sion 1844), relative to th e B arr y Company, pre sented itself in comp e titi on w ith th e Drouillard Company : —" We ought, which gentlemen, to receive with some dis trust the advanta ges which are promised to us by the competition excited between the applicants for conces sion of railways. We know the results which have been already produced. It is because the Government and the Chambers had too favourably listened to them, that the two sessions of 1839 and 1840 have been employed in affording aid to so many companies who were on the verge of ruin—in discharging some from the terms of their contract ; in dispensing others from onerous obli gations which they had themselves incurred. The dis credit which has attached for so long to all railway pro jects has, perhaps, had no more direct or powerful cause than that which we have just referred to." THE MANCHESTER REGISTRATION.—The labours of the revising barristers of this division of the county are closed, and the following is the result, as far as the Manchester polling district is concerned :—Objections by Conservatives, 550 ; struck off the list, 404. Objections by the Leaguers, 1,355 ; struck off, 215 . Gain upon objections to Conservati ves, 189. New claims by Con servatives, 1,015 ; a ll owe d , 756. New claims by Leaguers, 1,898 ; allowed, 1,189. Leaguers gain upon new claims, 443. Deduct from this number 189 gained by Conservatives on objections, makes a total loss to Conservatism of 244. Du. WooLF.—The German papers received yester day contain a letter, dated C ons tantinople, September 25, relative to this enterprising It would not i deserve notice after the m traveller. important communication which appeared in The Sun, of Monday, if it did not state that the Ameer, who, according to Dr. Woolf's letter of June 27, was then at Samarcand, had returned, and manifested great kindness to the doctor. We therefore presume that the information, whatever may be its authority on which this letter was written, must have been of later date than that transmitted by Dr. Woolf from Bokhara. The following is a translation :—" Constantinople, Sept. 25.—The most recent accounts from Teheran speak again somewhat more favourably for our countryman, Dr. Woolf. The Emir, of Bokhara, after his return from Samarcand, sent for Dr. Woolf, gave him a very good re ception, presented him with 100 pieces of gold, a horse, a kaftan of honour, and gave him per m i ss i on to commence , and strongly suspected missionary to be over takenhis return journey. Nevertheless, p eo pl e i n T e h eran and murdered o n his j ourne y. Of his actual de had parture we have yet n o intelli gence. It seems he was I i t t h t l e e c E o n ei fi t d r e n vi c e e e i l n d t ehaeuas theeffair waiting until the Persian embassy, then in Bokhara, should set out. Should he succeed in joining it, his safety may be regarded as secured." A curious delusion appears to have prevailed for centuries amongst the inhabitants of the Isle of Wight with regard to a royal residence being established in it. The general impression was, that, in the event of the Sovereign sleeping a night on the island, all claim to the territory was forfeited by the British Crown. This delu sion appears to have been favoured and encouraged by the course adopted by King George the Fourth, who, when he was in the habit of visiting Mr. Nash, the architect, at East Cowes Castle, as Prince Regent, always slept on board the Royal George yacht, anchored in the roads, and, subsequently, after his accession to the Throne, when the Manor House was purchased, and fitted up as a royal residence, and called the King's House, he was never known to pass a night under its roof. So popular had this absurdity beccme, that many people in Cowes might be found at this moment, who really believe that her Majesty passed the night on board. the yacht, but that, for obvious State reasons, the fact is not avowed. Hcw this delusion could have continued, after King Charles's captivity in Cariabrooke Castle, is astonishing ; but the natives account for that by pointing to his unhappy end. THE LATE DUCHESS or MARLBOROUGH.--By the demise of the above estimable Duchess the families of the Earl and Countess of Galloway, the Honourable Captain Keith Stewart, RN., the Hon. E. and Lady Katharine Stewart, Lady Charlotte Crofton, Lady Eliza beth Inge, Lord and Lady Churchill, 86c., are placed in mourning. THE BOOK OF THE SEASON.—Shortly will be published, handsomely bound in calf, " The--Myster'i'es of London." The first number will be filled with an d account of the election of Alderman Gib bs as or Mayor. The second will give facsimiles of the receipts of the Alderman during his churchwa rdenshi p of St Stephens, Walbrook.—Punch. LITERATURE. QUARTERLY REVIEW. No. CXLVIII. Murray, London , 1844. The hackneyed subject of rictace AValpole and his peculiarities---=a favourite hobby which the Quarterly Revitoi has wffl nigh ridden to death—is again re ferred to in the Number before us. 'The critical re marks on the most recently published correspondence of this prince of letter-writers—that, namely, with Sir Horace Mann—though the Reviewer has evidently taken more than ordinary pains with them, are as un sound as they are captious; but indeed the whole ar ticle is characterised by a spirit of petty sarcasm and bitterness that sufficiently indicates the workshop whence it emanates. "As to the letters contained in these last volumes," says the Reviewer, " they cer tainly exhibit a new feature in Walpole's correspon dence. Such is the fertility of the writer's genius, that the wind-up of two thousand letter is marked by an absolute novelty; they are, as compared with all their predecessors, dull—downright heavy—hardly readable without an effort." On the contrary, the correspondence in question is perhaps the most inte resting that its author ever penned. True, it has not the smartness and mere verbal felicity of the earlier series ; but it is full of worldly sagacity, of philosophic observations, and gives evidence in places of a tender sensibility which few would give Walpole credit for possessing. " Passages in the Life of a Radical" is a notice of a little work published about two years since by a weaver named Bamford, who made himself conspicuous in the north by his advocacy of the prin ciples of " Orator Hunt i " about the period of the me inorable Manchester massacre. The article is chiefly interesting from the number and variety of its ex tracts; and towards the close the Reviewer impres sively warns the higher and middle classes how they persist in alienating the affections of the masses by their assumption and habits of jealous Isolation. The remarks on " Stanley's Life of Dr. Arnold" are penned in a temperate and even eulogistic spirit, as regards the sturdy-minded historian of Rome, which we scarcely expected to meet with in this periodical. " Arnold," observes the Reviewer, " was a remark • able man—a man of a character rarely met with now, who united the simplicity and heroism of a past gene ration with the practical energy and inquiry of our own—a man truly English in his noblest points, and yet tempering the stern rigour of the English cha racter with a reflection and an amiability which rather belong to the Greek or the German mind. He will strike those who study him more closely as a complete character—complete in its union of moral and intellectual gifts, and in the steady growth and development of both." There is no exaggeration in this portrait. Dr. Arnold was indeed a man of su • perior energy of character, the ardour of which was in a great degree tempered by the meek spirit of the Christian. As an instructor of youth, who had the rare ability of drawing forth the intellectual powers of his pupils, and making himself respected as well as beloved by them, he shone without a rival, and during the whole period of his management of it, no great public school—not even Eton—stood higher than Rugby. He had much of Dr. Parr's scholar ship without any of his pedantry and assumption, and would—had his life been prolonged—have become one of the leading spirits of his age. As it is, he has left a reputation that is not likely to be diminished by years—more especially as an historian, a department in literature in which the fearless and inquisitive turn of his mind enabled him to exhibit himself to signal advantage. " Diaries and Correspondence of the First Earl of Malmesbury" takes a rational and un prejudiced view of the diplomatic talents of this over rated statesman, who in a few years will be as much forgotten as if he had never lived. From a " Report on the Treatment of Lunatics" we quote the follow ing curious passage : "It was during the Reign of Terror, and while all France laboured under a new form of insanity, that the idea was first conceived of setting loose madmen from their bonds. The good and wise physician, Pinel, seems to have been struck with the injustice of keeping his patients chained in the dungeons of Bicetre, while so many hundreds of his countrymen, more mischievously distracted than many of them, were at large to work the bloody frolics of the revolutionary phrenzy. There were at that time upwards of 300 maniacs chained in the loathsome cells of the horrible Bedlam of France. Pinel formed the resolution of setting them free from their strict restraint, and be entreated permission of the Commune to that effect. Struck with the novelty of the enterprise, at that time a sufficient recommendation before any assembly in France, the Commune listened to the proposal, and deputed one of their body, the notorious Couthon, to accompany the physician to the spot, and judge of the propriety of carrying his under taking into effect. They were received by a confused noise—the yells and vociferations of some hundreds of madmen, mixed with the sounds of their clankint , chains, echoing through the damp and dreary vaults of the prison. Couthon turned away with horror, but he permitted Pinel to pursue his enterprise. The philanthropist re solved speedily to liberate fifty of the number by way of experiment, and be began by unchaining twelve of the most violent. The account of his proceeding has been recorded by his nephew, Scipion Pinel, in a lively narra tive, which was read before the Academy of Sciences. The first man set at liberty was an English captain. He had been forty years in chains, and his history was for gotten by himself and all the world. His keepers ap proached him with dread : be had killed one of their comrades by a blow with his manacles. Pinel entered his cell unattended, and accosted him in a kind and con fiding manner, and told him that it was designed to give him the liberty of walking abroad, on condition that he would put on a waistcoat that might confine his arms. The madman appeared to disbelieve ; but he obeyed. His chains were removed, and the door of his cell was loft open. Many times he raised himself and fell back; his limbs gave way; they had been ironed forty years. At length he was able to stand, and to stalk to the door of his dark cell, and to gaze, with exclamations of wonder and delight, at the beautiful sky. He spent the day in the enjoyment of his newly-acquired privilege; he was no more in bonds ; and during the two years of his further detention at Bicetre, assisted in managing the house. The next man liberated was a soldier, a private in the French guards, who had been ten years in chains, and was an object of general fear. His case had been one of acute mania, occasioned by intemperance—a dis order which often subsides in a short period under absti nence from intoxicating drinks, unless kept up, as in this case, by improper treatment. When set at liberty, this man willingly assisted Pine' in breaking the chains of his fellow•prisoners: he became immediately calm, and even kind and attentive, and was ever afterwards the devoted friend of his deliverer. Ia an adjoining cell there were three Prussian soldiers, who had been many years in chains and darkness : through grief and despair they had sunk into a state of stupor and fatuity, the fre quent result of similar treatment, and they refused to be removed. Near to them was an old priest, harmless and patient, who fancied himself to be the Saviour of the world. When taunted by his keepers, who used to tell him that, if he was Christ, he could break the heavy chains that loaded his hands, he replied, with solemn dignity, Frustra tentaris Dominum ham. After his re lease he got rid of his illusion, and recovered the sound ness of his mind. Within a few days Pinel liberated fifty-three maniacs from their imprisonment. The result was beyond his hopes. Tranquillity and harmony suc ceeded to tumult and disorder, and even the most fero cious madmen became more tractable. This took place in 1792; and the example of Pinel was followed in various parts of France." MEMOIRS OF EMINENT ENGLISHWOMEN. Vols. 111. and IV. Bentley, London, 1844. Foremost amongst these Memoirs, we find a life of the celebrated Duchess of Marlborough, wife of the great Whig General, who was certainly one of the most remarkable women that ever existed in any age or country, and ruled her heroic husband in quite as despotic a spirit as she ruled her Queen. Yet, despite the almost sovereign authority she exercised for so many years over the councils of the nation, raising and depressing Ministers of State at her pleasure ; despite, too, the fact that her ambition was gratified in almost every respect, the life of the Duchess was, on the whole, an unhappy one; calm, sober, ra tional enjoyment, she seems never to have known ; the husband she loved and reverenced she kept in a constant state of hot water by her irri table, capricious temper ; and even in the midst of her greatest political triumphs :she appears to have been constantly haunted by a dread of reverses. Towards the close of her chequered career, when her rule as the royal favourite was at an end, she fell into a state of spleen and melancholy, and in her last moments expressed satisfaction that the time of her release was come. The Memoirs of this illustrious lady afford another striking illustration of the fact that ambition, no matter how successful it may be in all its projects, is wholly unable to confer true or lasting happiness. The portrait of the Duchess, which is prefixed to her life, conveys a very accurate idea of her character ; she looks just the scornful, irritable, imperious beauty, who can never be satisfied with anything short universal homage and obedience. The lives of the unfortunate " Stella and Vanessa"—the victims of the heartless pride and treachery of Dean Swift—are written by Miss Costello in the most just and feeling spirit. We could have wished, however, that she had spoken of the conduct of the Dean in stronger terms of reprobation, and represented him, as he really was, as one of the most callous scoundrels that ever broke the hearts of two fond and trusting women. Nor was this wanton cruelty perpetrated in the heat and thoughtless passion of youth, for Swift was thirty years of age, and a thorough man of the world, when he first became acquainted with Stella, and upwards of forty when he was first introduced to the credulous Vanessa. From the Memoirs of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, we quote an amusing Court anecdote re ferring to herself, but relat ed b y her in the third person : en "She had on one evening .a particular unusually c , d y i , s he explained her r easons to the Duchess of len , and the Duches s informed the King, who, after a few complimentary remonstrances, appeared to acquiesce. But when he saw her about to t take her leave, he began b a ttling the point afresh, declaring it was unfair and per fidieus to cheat him in such a manner, and saying many other fine things , in sp ite of which she at last contrived to escape. At the foot of the great stairs she ran against Secretary Craggs just coming in, who stopped her to inquire what was .he ? Were the company put off ? She told him why she went away, and hay'? urgently the King had pressed her to stay longer ; possibly dwelling on that head with some small complacency. Mr. Crams made no remark; but, when he had heard all, snatching her up itt his arms as a nurse carries a child, he ran full speed with liar up stairs, deposited her within the ante-chamber, kissed boat her bands re spectfully (still not saying a word), and vanished. The pages seeing her retailed; they knew not how, hag!jry threw open the inner doors, and, before she had re covered her breath, she found herself again in the King's presence. eAh I Is re-voi'l !' cried he and the Duchess ; extremely pleased, and began thanking her for her obliging change of mind. The blotto on all palace gates is Hush!' as Lady Mary very well knew. She had not to learn that mystery and caution ever spread their awful wings over the precincts of a Court; where nobody knows what dire mischief may ensue from one unlucky syllable blabbed about anything, or about no thing, at a wrong time. But she was bewildered, flut tered, and entirely off her guard; so, beginning giddily with Oh, Lord, Sir I I have been so frightened she told his Majesty the whole story exactly as she would have told it to any one else. lle had not done exclaim • ing, nor his Germans wondering, when again the door flew open, and the attendants announced Mr. Secretary Craggs, who, but that moment arrived, it should seem , entered with the usual obeisance, and as composed an air as if nothing had happened. 'Mais comment done, Monsieur Craggs,' said the King, going up to him, est-ce que c'est l'usage de ce pays de porter des belles dames comme un sac de froaaent ?" Is it the custompf this country to carry about fair ladies like a sack of wheat ?' The Minister, struck dumb by this unex pected attack, stood a minute or two not knowing which way to look ; then, recovering his self-possession, an swered with a low bow, ' There is nothing I would not do for your Majesty's satisfaction.' This was coming off tolerably well ; but he did not forgive the tell-tale cul prit, in whose ear, watching his: opportunity when the King turned from them, he muttered a bitter reproach, with a round oath to enforce it • which I durst not re sent,' continued she, for I had drawn it upon my self and, indeed, I was heartily vexed at_ my owA im prtuienco.l" - JOHNSON'S TOUR IN IRELAND. Highley, London, 1844. Of the numerous works on Ireland with which the. press has teemed for the last dozen years and upwards, this, if not one of the soundest, is certainly one of the most entertaining. It is written in a pleasant, good natured spirit, approaching at times to genuine humour, and has the recommendation—so rarely to be met with in a work on the sister country—of being utterly free from anything like religious or political prejudice. Doctor Johnson, the author, saw and observed for himself, without reference to the opinions of others ; and gives expression to his own views of things in a spirit of the most laudable moderation and impartiality. His account of the famous monster meeting on the hill of Tara, at which he was present, and which he assures us was attended by upwards of three hundred thousand individuals, is one of the most diverting epi sodes in his volume. LIFE IN ATHENS. Painter, London, 1844. The little work before us is a translation froth the German of Von Wessenberg, and professes to give an account of the character of life in Athens, in the palmy days of Pericles, and, moreover, to illustrate the spirit of ancient and modern democracy. The work consists of a series of dialogues—more re markable for staid good sense than point or bril liancy—in the course of which the different speakers discuss the administration of Pericles, the Socratic wisdom as compared with that of the Sophists, the nature of the Eleusinian Mysteries, and various other masters which, we fear, will be caviare to the gene rality of readers. There is some show of scholarship in the book, and occasionally we come across a graphic descriptive passage. MISERIES OF A NEWSPAPER EDITOR. - - - - What a life is that of a newspaper editor! How numerous, how varied, how onerous his duties! He must have under his eyes all events, of all different kinds, that havp, passed, that are passing, and that are expected to pass, in every quarter of the globe. He must have his intention concentrated, at one and the same time, on the weather, on the crops, on agricul ture, on markets, accidents, offences, crimes, ship wrecks, railways, births, deaths, marriages, courts of law, police-offices, the state of the Church, and the state of the Stocks, the proceedings of politicians and the proceedings o f ? the swell mob, the blowing up of steam- boats and the blowing down of chimneys. There is nothing, in short, too great to come under his notice, or too small to elude his grasp. Regularly, and day by day, is he under the necessity of ferreting out and chronicling, for the benefit (?) of his fellow-beings, all and sundry the transactions of this lower world, from the fall of a leaf to the fall of a kingdom, from the lopping of a limb to a full, true, and particular account of the last bloody murder. But, not only is this unfortunate in dividual supposed to see everything, but likewise to know everything, and to be able to do everything. He is understood to be well infornied upon, and able to answer all sorts of questions upon all sorts of subjects—on law, on political economy, on his tory, on statistics, on arithmetic, on algebra, on mathematics, on geology, on theology, on my thology, on chronology, on chronohotonthology. By the public at large he is regarded as a sort of " standing counsel " in all cases of difficulty. If a man wants to know the date of any historical event, what does he do ? He writes to the editor. Has he any doubt about the authenticity of any particular piece of civil, religious, or philanthropic intelligence, what does he do ? He writes to the editor. Does he want x) know how Mr. So-and-So, the Parliament man, voted on such and such a question, when it was, why it was, and under what circumstances it was that he so voted, what does he do ? Why, he writes to the editor as a matter of course. To whom else would he, under any circumstances, ever so much as dream of making application ? We have said," thatthis:un fortunate personage is supposed to see everything, to know everything, and to be able to do everything. But there is yet another call upon him,"and that, perhaps, of a harder kind than all the three put together. Like the man that carried the donkey, he is under the necessity of pleasing every body. We put:it to' our intelligent and dearly-beloved Caledonian cousins whether it does not consist with their knowledge that almost every man, without exception, who takes up a newspaper expects that paper to be written solely and exclusively for himself, It is to be his paper and his alone. He expects to findin it everything which he wants. He is displeased if it contains anything else, or of a different character than what he requires. The ancient maiden lady, who complains that there are in the newspapers such dull thing 3 as grain mar kets, cattle-shows, and cures for the caterpillar, never once thinks that the editor may have among his subscribers some few hundreds of six-feet farmers, to whom such information may be of the most material consequence ; nor does the farmer, who finds fault with the gossip that he sees about the great vulgar and the small ever consider that to the an tiquated mademoiselle these are the oniy tit-bits of the affair. The public-house reader, who finds fault with the love stories, and the poetry, and the other little sentimentalities in a newspaper, remembers not, that to a large class of juveniles of both sexes, from 15 to 25, such things are almost the only ones about which they may care a straw : nor does it ever come into the mind of the lovelorn maidens or the smart young gentlemen who turn up their noses at the vul garity and commonplace 'or the:police intelligence, that, without such things, to the public-house reader a newspaper would be a body without a soul. The father of a family, who eomplains of the scandal and tittle-tat tle, and manyt•ther little oddsand ends that occasionally be brought Wore the public, forgets that such things form the staple of the grirn old bachelors ; nor do the sinful fraternity last mentioned, who find fault with the moral paragraphs, and the notices of sermons, and the reports of religious societies which occasionally appear on the broad-sheet, call to their recollection that, in the eyes of the many, such things are the very gems of a journal. In short, the reader of a news paper, through some unaccountable fatality, for the time forgets that there is, in reruns nature, any other being than himself. He is an exclusive, a monopolist, alone in his glory, the only living, sentient, existent being on the face of this fair and newspaper reading world. Reader ! have you yet fixed upon a profes sion ? If not, never once think of becoming an editor. Beg—take the pack—keep lodger—take up a school—set up a mangle—take in washing. For humanity's sake, an especially for your own, do any thing rather than become a newspaper editor. — Glasgow National. DEATH BY DROWNING AT LANESBOROUGH.—On Saturday morning last, about nine o'clock, five men em ployed by Messrs. Sykes and Brookfield, contractors for the Shannon improvements, were returning to their work after breakfast, in a small boat; some tricks were played between the persons on shore and those in the boat; there was a stone thrown by a man named Kelly, when all the persons in the boat ran to one side, and she upset; three that could swim reached the shore, and two, one named liatigan, and the other, named Murphy, both young men, were drowned. When the news reached the police barracks , Constable Ramsay, and Sub- a Con stable Brereton, after much difficulty, procured b, but being delayed in procuring oars in sufficient time, they had reached within a couple of perches of the drowning persons, when the stream carried them away, Nett day a - t a nd the unfortunate men sunk to rise no more. Too much praise cannot be gi ven to the p olice for their active, alt h oug h unfortunately unsuccessful, efforts to save m. Onbeing ut to t n a o k eenireucptm edical effect — life w a s assistance ex ti ne t * was in at tendance, e h n e da nc e, b there was a coroner's inquest, when the verdict of " Accidental death by jury returned a Journal. ,rowning,"_L ore DURHAM SCHOLARSHIP.—RaIph Lindsay, Esq., Solicitor, of London, and a native of Durham, is about to found a scholarship in the university of the latter city, of the annual value of 401. It will be tenable for three years by boys, who must have been two years at Dur ham,--Tyne Mercury, ANOTHER COAL-PIT EXPLOSi'ON FURTHER PARTICULARS. S U ilf NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE; TUESDA . ‘., liery explosion has occurred in this btait,. bi_ i five persons have been injured, t if"'..0(4,11•401 - 6 expected to live. The explosion opourted4t C 051540 " Colliery, about two miles from t is, ~ - ciight,;;..% during what is called the " shift." etcqfier 'belongs - '.:' ~,.., to Messrs. Bell, Brandling, and Co., d the -1 1 C lud -, -- ?"4- -., to\w'r workings are extensive. As, fortunately,"ian - tries 6,75‘n lost, the circumstances under Wag it ,oaqu i rfejr: r h ave Lf.en clearly ascertained. Before recOrditie them aitnsmoafythbee pitmen e t n oi faets gathe r*:.'il fro f m nrn p i e s r h s e o d na h l y in t q n u e ir o y r , g give the account;' in this town. Mr. Feargus O'Connor and Mr. Beasley, the latter of whom acts as clerk to Mr. Roberts, " the pitmens' attorney-general,' visited the colliery this after noon, and, soon after their return, a printed announce ment was made from the office of the Miner's Advocate, statin g the s circumstance thus : " A s far as we can gather the facts of the case are as follows :—James Anderson and William Cpllins, two shifters, being done with their work, John Brown, deputy, requested them to help him to get some Larn way plates out of the ' goaf,' as it was likely to fall ; they went with him, but had to return on account off the ' goaf working—(that is, creeping or heaving).. James Anderson told him to take his candle back, as, there was danger if the ' goat" fell. The deputy then went and tried his candle at the stenting, and there he allowed the gas to ignite and fire the pit. The said John Brown, the deputy, is a man who has been brought up to the plough, and who, during the late strike, got into the favour of the masters by dishonourable means, and, to say the least of it, the entire cause of the explo sion is attributable to him , he not knowin g his dut y .' The same account states that this is the third time this pit has fired within a month, and on each occasion has roved fatal to a few. FIELD SPORTS.—For several days, within these two last weeks, the hills* and dales of Auchans have been the scene of as choice sport- by as choice a party, as any son of Nimrod could delight in his heart to meet with. Sir Charles Lamb, the Duc de Coigney, Lord Seymour, Major Campbell, Captain Petat, And several other guests of distinction at Eglinton Castle, accom panied by the Earl of Eglinton and Winton, all in " --- shooting graith adorned, While pointers round impatient burned, Frae couples freed"— have been awakening the echoes of the sylvan haunts and sell-preserved covers of Dundonald and Auchans, with the animating din of " dog and gun" to great pur pose. On the 2d inst. no fewer than 343 rabbits fell be fore their unerring aim. On the 4th, Sir Charles Lamb and the Due de Coigney alone bagged 65 head of hares, partridges, &c. ; and on the Bth, not fewer than 100 hares, besides 29 head of the feathered race, were brought down by the "mortal triggers" of the party- On one of these days the Earl of Eglinton shot a fine strong woodcock, which is the first we have heard of this season.—Ayr Observer. Hicu Tins; .—Yesterday morning, at high tide (25 minutes past four o'clock), the Thames overflowed ninny of its low-lying embankments on both sides of the river, above and below London-bridge, occasioning loss and serious inconvenience to the occupiers of several river• side premises, whose cellars, kitchens, &c. were flooded. At high tide the depth of wate r at Lc,ndon bridge was twenty-eight feet seven inches. The late heavy gales are supposed to have caused the high rise of the river. FATAL ACCIDENT AT THE EDINBURGH AND GLAS." GOW RAILWAY.—EarIy yesterday morning, one of the workmen at Cowlairs lost his life, while connecting a carriage to one of the trains, having been jammed betwixt the buffers of the two carriages. When the accident occurred, a carriage was dispatched to the station for medical Assistance, but the poor man's death was almost instantaneous, Owing to the force with which the carriages came into collision. He has left a wife and young family.—Scottish G' u 'ardian. Lord Ashley, the Dowager Duchess of Beaufort, Lady Charlotte Penrhyn, the Bishop of Salisbury, Dowager Lady Carnegie, Sir E. Parry, Sir libß. C. Glyn rin, .ve Bart., and and the Hon. G. Ryder , M.P. , fiz c.seschoolall esta buted a fund for the formation of a gi . view ,e of edu blishment at Farnham, Dorset , with the ~ Lord cating that neglected wandering rac e of peop„ ord Ashley has taken very active measures to establis.. he novel school, at which seminary it is intended that children shall be instructed with every regard to the re- . ligion of the Established Church. It is to be sincerely hoped the experiment of reclaiming the youthful mem-. bers of that tribe, by affording them the means of intel— lectual instruction, will succeed. FASHIONABLE MOVEMENTS AT BRIGHTON.—Chief Justice Doherty has arrived at the Norfolk Hotel, for the purpose of taking a house here for the winter. Mr. Justice Pennefather, who has recently left Brighton for Ireland, has derived great benefit from a residence on this coast. The Countess of Effingkani, who has lately arrived at the Norfolk Hotel, has just i.:".'ken one of those splendid mansions of Mr. Nugee, on ti:e Eastern-terrace, where Sir Robert Peel is residing with his family. The Duchess of Somerset was de sirous of taking the corner mansion, but Lord Petre had previously engaged it, and we understand that there is not a house vacant large enough for her Grace. The Duchess has been in treaty for Sir Isaac Lyon Gold smith's house on Adelaide-terrace. The Duke of Devon- shire was down here on Monday to see his house in Kemp Town, which is about to be occupied by Lord and Lady Granville. Lord Francis Egerton has taken a house on Eastern-terrace. The Duke and Duchess of St. Alban's are expected in Eastern-terrace, to-morrow. The Countess of Glengall, Lady Twysden, Mr. and. Lady Harriet Maynard, Sir John and Lady Campbell, Lady Augusta Baring, Baroness Rothschild and family. Lady Charles Somerset, Sir Hugh Palliser, the Earl of Fosse, and Sir Charles Des Vccux, are also among the visitors at this fashionable watering-place, which con tinues very full of company. EDUCATION.—SURREY CHAPEL SCHOOLS.—Yes terday evening a numerous meeting of the former scho lars and others, friends to liberal and unobjectionable education, was held at the Surrey Chapel, Blackfriars road, for the purpose of commemorating the opening of the schools, which were fi rst established during the con nexion of the late Rowland Hill with the chapel, whose centenary has lately been completed.. Ant HORSE FAIR.—Our Michaelmas Fair was: held on Thursday last. This is never reckoned a very business-doing market ; but we must say that it would have been the reverse on this occasion had there been a sufficient supply of good horses. Many persons willing to purchase were, iu consequence, obliged to leave the market. The total number of horses in the market would not exceed two hundred ; and we should think that at least six-tenths of these were of an inferior de scription. Good draught horses, therefore, brought ex-. cellent prices. We are assured that, in the generality of cases, these were fully fifteen per cent. above those of last year. On an average, good draught horses brought from 29/. to 351. One pair that we heard of, sold at 751.; and in two instances,where single horses were purchased, 381. to 43/. were the prices obtained. We noticed a very fine colt, which brought fifteen guineas. Horses of a scondary character sold from 151. to 20/. ; and, to all appearance, a good many changed owners. There were only a few carriage horses in thu market ; and we did not learn of any having been sold. For a fair animal of this description, we heard, in one instance, 221. asked. We noticed a very excellent pony, rising upwards of four years old, which brought, we ar© informed 201. For another, in finer condition, 221. was asked. Altogether, the market was a very fair one.— Ayr Observer. TIIE LATE STORM IN IRELAND.--We regret to , state that a shipwreck, attended with melancholy COL sequences occurred off the coast near Rush. Between the hours of ten and eleven o'clock, and when the stores was just attaining its highest pitch, signals of distress were loudly and frequently heard by the people on shore ; but the point from which the wind blew, and the absolute danger of any such attempt, precluded the possibility of any assistance being afforded. Througll out the night the greatest fears were entertained for the safety of the vessel and crew, evidently placed in a perilous position, which the morning but too unhapily realised : for at an early hour - terday morning portions of the cargo, consisting of palm oil, &c., were discovered lying along the coast at cliff, - rent places. In a short time afterwards it was dis covered that some of the crew had succeeded in getting to shore, from whom the melancholy intelligence was learned that the captain of the vessel, his wife, and ono of the crew, had been lost, and the truth of this state ment was confirmed by the bodies of the two last men tioned persons being washed on shore almost at the sumo moment. The body of the captain has not yet bens found. The vessel belonged to, or sailed from Halifax ; but we have not yet been able to ascertain its name, or where bound to.—Cork Reporter. LONGEVITY.—There is now living at Leaken, upon the estate of Fowlis, in the parish of Kiltearn, Ross-shire, a cottar of the name of Donal , l Ross, who is above 105 years of age. He has always been of temperate habits and good conduct, and is still in possession of his faculties, and able to walk about. He is a native of the parish of Lochbroom, and has resided in Kiltearn, near to the foot of the huge mountain of Ben Wyvis, for the last half century, during which period he is not known to have been 04 , 1 1 , 1 es unwell. He has a son and a daughter i al 1 . croft of land, latter is a cripple. They occu p y which enables them to kee p a with milk, and the horse earrii . s h o me their peats. These constitute their entire means cow cow and a horse. The co w supplies them which would d and contented, wants many things ter, able. The climate of living ; and thus the old man, although cheerful to render his latter days mot.: comfort bore'of Ross's residence must be peculiar.y in the statistical account of Kiltear. , „ written by Dr. Robertson, the parish minister in 1791, the following well-attested instances of longevity: —About the year 1706, Katherine Mackenzie died at Fowlis, in t'le a the ill y. l lo c ality ity find. 117th year of her age. In 1782, Mr. Brown, factor, of Fowlis, died in his 107th year. In 1775, Kenn( th Munro died in his 100th year ; and Mrs. Munro, I is wife, died soon afterwards in her 88th year. The y parish, %I on instance we shall add is an heritor o f t h e •l .c• T had been a Member of the last Scotch, and of the fi, st British Parliament ; lie died about _thirty years ago, in his ninety -fourth year ; and, within these few years, sister and daughter of the same gentleman died here, who were very littl e s h or t of the same age."—lnverness Courier. ANOTHER FATAL COLLISION.—LIVERPOOL, WED. NESDAY.— The Elizabeth, Captain Brown, arrived at this port this morning, from St. John's, New Brunswick, reports having been in collision with the schooner Emma, Captain Kemp, and to have been from the coast of Mo rocco, on the 12th inst., off the Fawcett-rock. Tho schooner immediately sank, but, with the exception of the cook, the crew were saved. The only pnssenger ou board was also saved. The weather was rough and dirty at the time. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING OCTOBER 17, 1844.