The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-18 00:00:00

' But, though their clay be far away Beyond the Atlantic foam— In true men, like you, men, Their spirit's still at home. The dust of some is Irish earth; Among their own they rest; And the same land that gave them birth Has caught them to her breast; And we will pray that from their clay Full many a race may start Of true men, like you, men, To act as brave a part. They rose in dark and evil days To right their native land; They kindled here a living blaze That nothing shall withstand. Alas ! that Might can vanquish Right— They fell and pass'd away; But true men, like you, men, Arc plenty here to-day. Then here's their memory—may it be For us a guiding light, To cheer our strife for liberty, And teach us to unite. Through good and ill, be Ireland's still, Though sad as theirs your fate; And true men be you, men, Like those of Ninety-Eight. - - T h'se were the publications, continued the Hon. and T _ aimed Gentleman, by which it was intended to poison the minds of the people ; this was one single specimen of thi s vo l ume. He had examined the publications of 1 , 79 7, and i n th e P ress , a paper published at that period, 1 -° had feend nothing more exciting. On the 29 th of Aprilp an article appeared, called " Something is as l ll3 . ille'•" The Learned Gentleman then read the ` l4 O at l e n g th. It contained allusions to sympathy s°m France and America, and it exhorted the people watelafuln e s patience, and courage. It said that Eng 'and was crippled, s led and her finances were declining , but 'cal on the people not to be premature. It then referred to the meeting of 300,000 persons, which it said would b 'we the foe. In the same publication there was an article headed " Our Nationality," which stated that they h ad no foes but the Saxons, and they ought not to de aPair• Tipperary had exhibited itself in peaceful array, 4 ntl that 20,000 Tipperary men, who would as soon be 'called on to pay their blood as their subscriptions, would st 4 form a b a d national guard for Ireland. ' He had sled what was the opinion of the late Govern bent with re s p ec t t o the repeal of the union, and would now read the declaration made by Sir R. Peel 1.. 41 the House of Commons on the 9th of May. The Feel Gentleman then quoted the words used by Sir eel on that occasion, in which he said that a repeal of t he union meant a dismemberment of the empire, and 13eery prerogative of the Crown and the Executive would used to put it down. A similar declaration was made y the Duke of Wellington in the House of Lords. iv r ithi a five days after that declaration the meeting at a s "lagar took place. At that meeting Mr. O'Connell, There Steele, 1)r. Gray, and Mr. Barrett, were present. forwas a great display of banners at it, and the bands I , r , T emperance Societies, which he believed were vre wa d with no political motive by the Rev. Gentleman 1 „, ) s at the head of them, were present, and as in the ial g r i , 170 7 sobriety was recommended by the United a a -- " t hen, so it was also recommended at present. On of the banners was inscribed the motto, " That a na :furl <lf 9,000 000 was too great to be dragged at the tail al. another nation." Mr. Barrett spoke at the dinner tter that meeting, and said that they would crouch, t ° , l ,lt crouch like the tiger, ready to spring forward on f ru' who would touch their independence. The Learned -10entleinan then described the meetings which took place in used and other places, and the language which had been Nvfat them by M r . O'C onn ell, the Right Rev. Dr. Cant hes,' 1) r• Higgis, and other speakers, which has been „te the Public before. The next meeting took place tf r t ‘ ougford, on the 28th of May. At this meeting h et ; "'Connell and Mr. Steele were present, at which Pre sa e s e „ tl 60 ,000 and 200,000 persons were said to be estended to seven counties, were present. Parties from theriseveral counties came attended by bands. No less mount bands were present. The platform was sur- Ite2 e l ' e d with the motto, " Ireland for the Irish, and the nation Ireland." On one of the banners it was, that s a i i ""on of 9,000 000 was too great to be dragged at the apoh n e f another nation. ' At that meeting Mr. O'Connell ;oho quiefttlnyd b a y sked whether France and America would while they saw Ireland trampled under interferet.reru this it was clear that it was the ee of France and other Powers which re lt e 3 ss th right Ireland, and not any constitutional at tacked He al so sa id th a t if they were at vu he would, in their name, set those to _o attacked them at defiance. At the dinner, .which pr u e lz place in the evening, and at which Dr. Gray was tis e t d e a n ,t , ,,Mr• O'Connell used language similar to what he Hell Cork('' In the Pilot of the 31st May Mr. O'Con arh_cerrected that portion of his reported speech, in en fh he called the British army " a ruffian soldiery," to u he deelared that he never applied the term " ruffian" o a;! he army for if he had done so it would be false. The t 4e t of , his now referring to that correction of the u ' verses e speech would be seen presently. The next meeting to which he would advert was one held at Drogh e d a on the sth of June, at which Mr. Barrett, o r r ' e Gray, and the Rev. Mr. Tyrrell, since deceased. present, and there vas also a dinner in t he evening-, at which Mr. Steele and Mr. Barrett blade speeches in which were passages alluding to what the speakers would be desirous of doing in case the People of Ireland were driven to resistance. On the Bth of June there were also a meeting and dinner at Kil kenny, when Mr. O'Connell, speaking of the sergeants of the British army, expressed a hope that they would tom be in a position to become commissioned officers. Two days after that meeting an article appeared in the " newspaper of one of the traversers, headed The Mora lity of \Val. ;" it should rather be headed " The Morality of Rebellion." In that article the writer pointed out What he conceived the circumstances under which war * as justifiable. That article showed the parity of design which existed between the conspirators. At iMallow the next meeting was held, and at it there Nv er,e said to be present between 300,000 and 400,000, at which Mr. O'Connell said "toat they (the nn l + B , ll people) might soon be put the alter it,v,a of living as slaves, or dying as freemen." t'nose meetings temperance bands attended, and the eeeple marched so as to show the organisation that had e h effected among the Repealers. In Dundalk the next k a r ee ting was held on the 29th of June, when similar thganisation was displayed, where Mr. O'Connell said ta : t he felt sometimes tempted to wish that the Govern ild attack them (the Repealers), but that was a it. and improper wish, and that he never indulged in Nvis At that meeting the traverser, Mr. O'Connell, like la:Jointed out his plan for reviving the Irish Parlia ee'', which he stated could be done by means of the ilthe r t i ° s gative o f the Crown, and without applying to the *a l i ne " Farlianient at all. Could it be that a lawyer, Iv a; ht in his profession as the traverser, Mr. O'Connell, tsi n 8 .1 3 0ke as he believed when he laid down such a doc k: al the face. of the 3d article of the Act of Union ? e lO , he asked, wa s th ere an y counsel on the other side krwould say that th e A c t o f U n ion is void? 1,, O'CONNELL—Yes. sketme AT TORNEY -GENERAL—UnIess he said that the Rati,,ils void, no l anguage wou ld d ec l are th a t th e prero - Th us e of the Crown was in existence to the extent it was held stated to be. At the next meeting, which was O'c h 'a Donnybrook on the 3d of July, Mr. pelieennell inculcated, as at other similar assemblies, tha t % a li order —the absence of riot and tumult, and Th e „ L e.3' should have the country shortly to themselves. and leet of that exhortation to the observance of peace for i c f l u t ,et, was to carry the designs of the conspirators ; !aatiir'lle,peace were not kept until the conspiracy was ate its Purpo se wou ld b e f rustrate d . A t t h at meet ti the tr averser to ld hi s hearers that the Asso al I+l2sl,aid meet on the morr ow , w h en h e wou ld h an d welli from America ; and he asked, what would or hgton and Peel think of that ? In the course, too, ;ebs.ervations he cited the often-quoted words of key i s al lrin, Lord Chief Justice Bushe, and Lord Plun• of t he which those celebrated men opposed the passing °Pith, Act of Union, in ord er t o s h ow th at, i n t h e Voi d h of these high authorities, the Act of Union was O jj ni Ile (the Att o rn e y -G enera l) d en i e d t h at t h e Act c row,, on Was void, or that by the p reroga ti ve o f th e de nie d the Irish Parliament could be revived. He e a the that th e op i n i ons o f t h e h i gh legal authorities to be h ket of Union were such as they were pretended bed the tra verser . O n t h e 19t h o f J u l y there was Leas sting at Tullamore, at which the same large num as at :were present, and the same organisation exhibited oa s me other meetings to which lie had adverted. Mr. oek,ria.-,nell spoke at elite meeting, and told them that he Il e allow announc them that the repeal was certain. ti ta ;'"ed them if he could not all them together at any out, and at am, day in the week. A voice then cried , sot „ e i he sooner you want us the better." This was p at ( . 1 Only meeting at which a similar question was serr'wd answered. He said that no General ever was traveunded by such soldiers, because they were the ap a k es t and most moral people in the world. He then 'p o e . with regard to some repealers who had voted for sa e '3, and he advised the people not to associate with Isjt,;P,?rsons. Such was the system by w hi c h persons fr see i erced into the repeal movement. This was the fs esls Pra that wa s so muc h talked of. Did not such tetit-ieus always lead to tyranny ? The next meeting bs ayar ,P L iltee at the Association, in w hi c h h e b e li eve d that N ejtit 'L of the c onsp i racy w hi c h re l ate d to t h e appoint arbitrators w as fi rst b roac h e d. M r . O'C onnell, lapef7l.llg a speech u p on t h e su bj ect, sa id t h at t h e credit ttlielginating the idea belonged to Dr. Gray, whom he Tu gin n to second it. The next meeting took place c n on the 24th of July, at which Messrs. The . • Steele, and Mr. Barrett, were present. L eetin afr 'lama wereg was comp ose d o f t h e usua l num b er, an d ‘ A P r esent , A sian at it. Mr. O'C onne ll, on that oc osth addressed the people in inflammatory language 01 Ati same deseription. He now came to the month e.,0 goat ,nelude tl::at but as it would not be possible for him to ‘usts eeaed, h night, and as t h e j ury mast naturally be pos tpone the Th Q remainder of his statement till to-morrow. latiTuk.;rettis JUSTICE said he would not press his pro lhegztih the case if the jury felt at all distressed. isned to know to h uloi. he had taken it into• from the Attorney-General the in e (lona The the meantime ? ATTORNE Y - GENERAL said he believed the matter ,xts that the4iry sv i'e : ted R uh the altogether e ; but all w his d own s opinion a te. Sh e r could rni e tt " would accommodated in some hotel, and the T ed the see that no communication would be per e t's ra • side ' - ' III EF JusTicE asked Mr. Moore if he had con- Al s e . d a. th e subject ? A ir. ill altE replied in the negative. r s _t,h sesi o k a m s l _ l t_oa, the foreman, said it would be attended ";I:1 fb:" . ..h:quence s to their businesses if they were vn it i la t e O lizt l jtr onth or two.—(Laughter.) le4l 44tleiPatsell"—I hope there is no danger of Captain Roper said it would be a serious injury to , then - . if they were not allowed to go home at night to to give some consideration to their affairs. Mr. Rigby, another of the jury, said that he was him self a rrson of active habits, and during the last two days he had sat longer than for the last Fix months— (Laughter)—he was accustomed to be on foot for nine or ten hours a day, and he was already beginning to feel the effects of sitting so long. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL said, that if the Court con sented to allow the jury to go home, he hoped they would take measures to allow no communication to be made to them. In saying this, he did not mean to cast the least imputation on the traversers or their attorneys; but it might be done by persons who were not in the least concerned in the cause. Mr. Rigby said, that if any person interfered with him, he should feel it his duty to communicate it imme diately to the Court. The other jurors made similar declarations. Mr. MooRE said, that as it appeared to be the desire of the Court to afford every convenience possible to the jury, and as the Attorney-General seemed to assent to the jury going home at night, he, on the part of all the traversers, begged to state that he had no objection to the jury being allowed every possible convenience; and he hoped that no party whatever would interfere with any of the jury. The CHIEF JUSTICE then said, that if any interference were made with any of the jurors, he hoped they would reject it, and inform the Court of it. They could now retire to their homes, and attend to-morrow at ten o'clock. The Court then adjourned. THE FRENCH BUDGET. (From the Quotidienne.) M. Lacave Laplagne is certainly an able financier, but he will not easily create a belief in the equilibrium of his budget for 1845. It will be in vain for him to classify and arrange his figures in ranks ; he will never conceal the deficit so completely as not to be found out by the tax-payers and by the treasury itself. The Minister, to establish his equilibrium, has entrenched himself behind an old and worn-out fiction—the distinction between the ordinary budget and the extraordinary lsudget—a subtle distinction, but which does not make it less necessary to dip into the same purse to meet ex penses so happily distinguished. Expenses are paid by receipts, and, when these are insufficient, there is a de ficit. This truism needs no demonstration ; but we will, nevertheless, take the trouble of proving to M. Lacave Laplagne that his equilibrium is a pure illusion, and that the budget for 1845 is in deficit, like all budgets since 1830. BUDGET OF EXPENSES. F. Ordinary Extraordinary Total 1,372,538,141 Budget of receipts Excess of expenses over receipts This is the true state of the account, and no arithmeti cal artifice can alter it. At present, therefore, the budget of 1845 presents a deficit of nearly ninety six millions. When the inevitable supplementary cre dits, those satellites of the budget, have been realised, this deficit will be still greater. M. Lacave Laplagne has divided the extraordinary budget into two por tions. The first is of 62,431,344 f., which will be paid out of the loan of 450,000,000 f. The second is of 34,000,000 f., which is carried to the charge of the float ing debt. This is the chapter of railroads. The loan takes its rise from the deficit ; for if there were no deficit there would be no loan. The floating debt, a for tiori, constitutes a deficit. It is true that M. Lacave Laplagne calls this extraordinary resources. We will ad mit him to do so, for words are as nothing against facts ; but still it remains that all the expenses which exceed the amount of the produce of the State domains, the duties and the taxes, leave a deficit which must be co vered by extraordinary resources, that is to say, .by mak ing loans and consolidating Treasury bonds. 1 his opera tion, from 1837 to 1853, the period assigned for the com pletion of the extraordinary public works, will have loaded the annual budget with 66,000,000 E rentes. This clearly appears to be in our eyes a deficit, and the Com mittee on the budget for 1844 was of the same opi nion. Such are the effects of what are called extraordi nary resources, and which M. Lacave Laplagne has attempted to dissimulate in his speech on presenting the budget for 1845. The Minister of Finances has not only occupied himself with the future, he has thought it necessary to give the accounts of the past, and has dressed them up by the same process as that by which he concocted the budget for 1845. He has cut off with out any hesitation hundreds of millions from the side of the expenditure. We have looked into the actual state of our finances, and found that, at the end of 1843, there was a deficit on the budget of ordinary expenses, to the amount of 540 millions, This was composed of a deficit prior to 1840 of 256 millions of the deficits of 1841, 1842, and 1843, and finally of supplementary credits and extraordinary charges carried to this last year's account. M. Lacave Laplagne, to simplify the statement, does not trouble himself with the deficit anterior to 1840, and finds it to suit his purpose better to stop at the end of 1844, in order to embody in his ways and means the reserve of the sinking-fund. By this stratagem, and by bringing into the account some attenuations of credits, and an increase in the produce of the indirect taxes, he reduces the deficit of the ordi nary budgets at the end of 1844 to 151,000,000 f. As the Minister was in such a good train, it would have cost him but little more to have •reduced the deficit down to zero. M. Lacave Laplagne knows, how ever, that the Chamber, notwithstanding its habitual complaisance, and above all, in voting the budget, sill not be deluded by such a phantasmagoria of figures. In fact, the Committee on the Budget for 1844, in its report, page 12, established the deficit previous to that year at 04,000,000 f. If there be added to this sum the supple mentary credits decreed since the closing of th e sess i on , we arrive at the sum we have already given. The Minister of the Finances cannot dispute the cor rectness of this amount. It has been reduced, it is true, by some annulments of credits, and, as we have before said, by an increase in the produce of the taxes. But these two circumstances do not make any sen sible alteration in the total, and much less, as we have not yet come to the end of the supple mentary credits for 1843. Thus there is a deficit of about 500,000,000 f. in the ordinary budget on Ist January, 1844, and 96,000,000 f, left uncovered in that for 1845. This will be our real situation on the Ist of January, 1846, without mentioning the engagements en tered into for extraordinary public works." TUE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY E‘ ENING, JANUARY 18, 1844. LLOYD'S SHIPPING. THE ALLEGED DETENTION OF A SUM OF MONEY BY THE PORTUGUESE GOVERNMENT. The following letter has been received at Lloyd's : Foreign-office, Jan. 15, 1844. Gentlemen,—With reference to my letter of the sth inst., I am directed by the Earl of Aberdeen to acquaint you, that her Majesty's Government have been informed by Lord Howard de Walden, her Majesty's Minster at Lisbon, that Mr. Consul Smith has received from the Portuguese Minister of Finance a note, stating his readiness to make ever the proceeds of the sale of the Chatham to any general representative of all the parties interested, who may be empowered to give the Portu guese Government a general release, or, in lieu thereof, to fur nish that Government with adequate security, &c. &c. (Signed) CANNING. To Messrs. Melhuish, Gray, 'and Co.' VESSELS SP,ZEW WlTH.—Nassau, Amsterdam to Batavia, Nov. 28th, lat. 22 S., lon. 29 W. ; Brazilian Packet, of and from Newcastle, 9th ult., lat. 2 S., lon. 28 W. ; Ocean, of Philadelphia, 16th, lat. 13 N., lon. 33 ; Leo Nicholas, Barce lona to Charleston, 25th, lat. 26, lon. 38, by the Monarch, ar rived at Penzance. Tioza, New Orleans to Liverpool, 7th inst., lat. 50,.10n. 20, by the Clydesdale, arrived at Liverpool. Britannia (steamer), Liverpool to Halifax, 10th, lat. 56, lon. 16, by the Siddons, arrived at Liverpool. THE LATE CASE OF HYDRO PHQBIA. Last night an inquest was held at St. Thomas's Hos pital, before William Payne, Esq., on the body of Enos Hayward, aged 14 years, who died from hydrophobia. , Some of the particulars of this case were given in The Sun of Tuesday last—in addition to which it was stated to the jury that the deceased, at the time he was bitten, was in the act of tying a tin kettle to the tail of the dog; the bite woo on the lower part of the left cheek—the dog was a sort of tan terrier, and on the following day was again seen about the premises, when three dogs belong ing to the yard set upon it, and broke three of its ribs, and otherwise mangled it; it, however, escaped into a neighbouring gentleman's grounds, where in a few days afterwards it was found dead. One of the other dogs had since died, and the other two were kept tied up, but had shown no symptoms of being in a rabid state. The Coroner recommended that to prevent the possibility of any further mischief they should be destroyed. Mr. Depkiel, the house surgeon of the hospital, stated that when the deceased was brought in he was suffering from tetanus. Medicines were administered to him, but he continued to get worse, and between nine and ten o'clock became excessively violent, and at ten minutes before eleven o'clock expired. Coroner—Of what disease did he in your opinion die ? Witness—Of hydrophobia—the symptoms were decidedly marked. Coroner—You have, I believe, no cure for that malady? Witness—None whatever. By the sugge,tion of the Coroner the jury returned a verdict that" the deceased died from hydrophobia." A melancholy occurrence took place at Malden, a little village between Cheam and Kingston, on Saturday night. It appears that the servant of Mr. Richardson, a farmer of that place, had occasion to get a pair of boots from under a bed in which three of her master's child ren were asleep, and while she was stooping for that pur pose, by some means the candle ignited the bed furniture, and in au instant the bed was enveloped in flames. The poor children shrieked violently, and the police constable on duty in the village, accompanied by the landlord of the Plough public-house, made their way into the house, and by their exertions the fire was soon extinguished, but not before all the children were dreadfully burnt. Mr. Kingsford, a medical man of Kingston, promptly attended, and did all in his power to alleviate the sutler ings of the poor children, but one of them was so se verely injured, that it died on Monday night. The ser vant in her endeavours to rescue the children was also very much scorched and injured. An inquest has since been held by Mr. Carter, the Coroner, and a verdict of " Accidental Death," returned. THE TRADE OF TUE. TYNE.—We are enabl e d t o state the custom-house receipts of the port of Newcastle in the year 1843, and we give them in comparison with those of the previous year : Duties received in 1842 £432,787 o 1 Duties received in 1843 494,524 2 9 Increase in 1843 61,737 2 8 The increase is owing, almost altogether, to the duties paid on the importation of corn from abroad, and on the exportation of coal to foreign countries.—Gateshead Observer. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. (YESTERDAY.) IMIANSION-1100SE. Yesterday several proofs were exhibited in the Justice-room of the injudiciousness of departing from the regulation lai I down by the Lord Major for preventing the obstructions which have so long disgraced the great thoroughfares of the City. His Lord.hip, after having inflicted the extreme fines in the cases proved before him; after the public notice given that there should be no exemption, was obliged to accept the services of a brother Magistrate in the performance of the duties, on a day appointed for the hearing of various charges against omnibus and cab-drivers for loitering. On that occasion the Alderman who acted as locum tenens for his Lordship, disposed of the cases without inflicting either serious penalties or censure. The consequence was, a report was quickly circulated amongst the fraternity that the severity of the Mansion-house was at an end, and Cornhiil, the Poultry, and Cheapside, began to resume their former appearance, and the drivers disregarded the orders of the policemen, who were ordered to compel them to move on at a proper pace. Yesterday twelve omnibus drivers were summoned by the policemen, who declared that the defendants had relapsed into their old style of crawling. His LORDSHIP—I shall sit on every Wednesday myself to meet with people of this description ; and I shall suffer no case to escape. Let the summonses be made out accordingly. His LORDSHIP listened calmly to the numerous ingenious reasons of the defendants, but inflicted the full penalty allowed by the law in every instance. One driver was summoned under peculiar circumstances. He had, he acknowledged, loitered, but he could not help it, as two omnibuses, the owners of which wanted to drive him off the road, crawled along, the ono before and the other behind him, and prevented him from receiving a passenger. The LORD MAYOR having been informed by the policeman that the case of the defendant was such as had been represented discharged the man without putting him to the last expense, and fined the two delinquents to the full extent. BO W-STREET. A young man, who was dressed in the garb of a stableman, named Henry Alford, was charged before Mr. Twyford with obtaining, by means cf forged orders, a quantity of horse brushes, horse blankets, &c ., from Mr. Davies, brush-maker, of 33, trand. _ . It appeared that the prisoner was formerly a stableman in the service of Mr. Henry Gray, the extensive livery-stable proprietor, in Earl-street, Blackfriars. He was, however, dis charged from this employment about three months ago. About a fortnight back he presented two orders, signed " Henry Gray," to Mr. Davies, in the Strand, requesting him to send half-a-dozen brushes of a particular kind, hall-a-dozen other brushes, and a quantity of horse blankets. Mr. Gray was not in the habit of dealing with Mr. Davies, but knowing him to be a respectable man, and in such a way of business as likely to require so many brushes, the latter gentleman immediately executed the order. It; was afterwards discovered that the order presented by the prisoner had been forged. In con sequence of this information was given to the police, and about a week ago the prisoner was taken into custody by a City policeman. There were three other similar cases of forgery against the prisoner. The prisoner said nothing in his defence, and he was fully committed for trial. Charlotte Scott, charged with forging the name of an old woman for the parpose of obtaining the sum of 601. from the Provident Institution in St. Martin's-lane, whose ease ap peared in The Sun of the 10th instant, was brought up yester day afternoon for final examination, and fully committed to Newgate for trial. Two young men named Kenry Johnson and Henry Timson, both of whom had been remanded, were sentenced to three months' imprisonment each, the one for attempting to pick pockets in the pit of Drury-lane Theatre, and the other for attempting to rick pockets in the Adelaide Gallery. Timson was committed as a rogue and vagabond, and a solicitor who appeared for him gave notice of his intention of appealing against the decision of the magistrate. TVORSHIP-STREET. Yesterday a respectably-dressed young man, named Edward Biggs, about 20 years of age, was charged, before Mr. Broughton pith threatening to take the life of Sergeant Hay, kes, 6 N. Sergeant Hawkes stated that the prisoner's parents and con nexions are of the highest respectability at Hackney, whose his father, a man of good prorerty, has resided for many years. The prisoner had received an exce ll en t e d uca ti on , b u t in con sequence of his mother supplying him liberally with money, and indulging him in every extravagance and folly, he had given himself up entirely to dissipation, was almost constantly intoxicated, and had formed a very bad set of connexions. Having just before Christmas heard that a policeman of his division, named Read, was constantly in the prisoner's com pany, drinking with him at public-houses, and neglecting his duty, he made it a point to watch Read's conduct; and from this arose the prisoner's hostility to himself. Read was reported to the Commissioners shortly afterwards, and, in consequence, discharged from the force. While on duty at Homerton on Friday he detected the prisoner coming up stealthily behind him, with an evidently hostile intent, and, though the witness remonstrated with him and tried to avoid him by going in another direction, he was followed perseveringly by the pri soner, who grossly insulted and threatened him. On Saturday night, at nine o'clock, while on duty, the prisoner's mother sent for the witness to her house, during the prisoner's absence from home, and cautioned him to keep out of the way of her son, or he would certainly be injured, as the prisoner had threatened to take his life. Sergeant Gilliser was on duty at the Hackney - station , be tween one and two o'clock on Saturday, when the prisoner ca m e there in a state of intoxication, and asked for Hawkes, saying that ho had had some words with him, that he was determined to do for him, and that he should feel more pleasure in shooting Hawkes than he should in having a good dinner. John Yeo, another policeman, was standing at the bar of a public-house in Morning-lane, Hackney, on Saturday night, at 10 o'clock, when the prisoner, who was net then sober, came in. Here he again asked for Hawkes, and told the witness five er six times that he was determined to have his life. At this time the butt end of a pistol was projecting from his breast pocket, but as he threatened to fire at any one who interfered with him, the witness was afraid to attempt to take it from him. The prisoner then went into the Ship, and seeing Richard Jennings, another policeman, sitting there, asked him for Hawkes, threatening to do for him, and pulling out a pistol, which was ready cocked, and had a percussion cap on it. Jen nings went down stairs to get assistance, and while there heard the prisoner calling out for the police. On going back into the parlour he found that a young man named Fox, to whom the prisoner had exhibited his pistol, and uttered threats against Hawkes, had waited until he had returned the pistol to his pocket, and then, watching an opportunity, had succeeded, after a sharp struggle, in taking it from him. Fox delivered up the pistol to Jennings, who, on examining it, found it loaded to the his cli etiiw had theret merely w young s u in g muzzle, and on unloading it fou n d fi ve b a ll s i n i t. nd Mr. Heritage, for the p r i soner , conten d ed that as no actual groundviele himself c in violence had h e beenwild detaininga offered to hte, thoughtless officer, h manner nfactm e et n no e n d f n eondLi his age sometimes do, without an intentionof• ' rosily committing an offence. Mr. BROUGHTON, however, said that this was another and a melancholy instance of the evil effects of early habits of in temperance, and of the extreme folly of parents permitting their children to indulge in every extravagance and caprice their whims might lead to. The offence of resisting the officer had been clearly proved, and his judgment was that the p r i soner be confined in the House of Correction for one month, with hard labour, and at the expiration of that time find two sureties in 100/. each, or four sureties in 501. each, to keep the peace for six months. LAMBETH-S7REET. On Tuesday Benjamin Bowell, who described himself as a clerk in the employment of Mr. Chisholm, in Cook's-caurt, Carey-street, Lincoln's Inn-fields, with two women residing in Wellclose-square, and Hall, a constable belonging to the parish of St. George's-in-the-East, attended before Mr. Henry, for the purpose of putting in the necessary securities required by the statute, the 28th of George 111., to prosecute and give evidence against the keepers of two brothers in Ship-alley, Wellclose square, in an indictment at the Sessions. Mr. Henry observing that the name of a person named West appeared as the prosecutor in the case, inquired who and what Mr. West was, when Mr. Chishohn's clerk replied that he Ras a gentleman, hen a thick set plain looking personage stepped forward and announced himself as the Mr. West, whose name appeared as prosecutor. Mr. Henry thinking it somewhat extraordinary that a person who had been represented as a gentleman and who lived so far removed from the nuisance should have been the party to pro.. secute, and not the parish officers, closely questioned him. He represented himself as an accountant, and said that he had been the prosecutor in several eases of a similar description in the parish of St. Pancras. Mr. HENRY, on referring to the statute under which the proceedings were taken, found that each of the inhabitants pro secuting such a nuisance would be entitled to the payment of ltd„ and that the constable also would be entitled to his ex_ penses from the parish. This induced the worthy Magistrate to investigate the matter closely, and on questioning Mrs. Smith, the owner of some houses in Ship-alley, she admitted that at a late session holden in Wellclose-square she had applied to the Chairman and Magistrates there for advice to know how she was to get rid of the nuisance of two brothels, as her property was considerably deteriorated thereby. The Court then ad vised her to apply to the parish authorities, who were bound to prosecute, as the only means of getting rid of the evil. Some days after the rrson representing himself as Mr. West called upon her, and representing himself as the agent of a number of clergymen and gentlemen who had associated themselves toge ther for the purpose of suppressing such nuisances, said he would undertake the prosecution of the parties in her neighbourhood. She expressed herself extremely grateful, and Mr. West got her, as well as another inhabitant of the neighbourhood, to sign an agreement to hand over to him (Mr. West) any sum or sums of money to which they might be entitled from the parish. Mr. West, who evidently felt annoyed at these awkward dis closures, confessed the fact that he made his living by such prosecutions. Mr. HENRY, under the circumstances, refused to sanction the proceedings in the absence of the parish officers, and post poned the case to yesterday. Yesterday, Mr. Stutfield, the churchwarden, Mr. Johnston, one of the overseers, and Mr. Howell, the vestry-clerk, of St. George's, as well as the other partie before alluded to, were in attendance, when _ Mr. HENRY, after mentioning the circumstances to the parish officers, said, on looking into the law upon the case, he had discovered in the Ist of Barnewall and Alderson, page 694, a case precisely similar to the present, wherein the Court of King's Bench had ruled that none but the parish officers could prosecute in such cases. Mr. Stutfield requested to state, that some days ago West called at hit counting-house, and presented a long list of names of persons, whom he described to be clergymen and gentlemen of the highest respectability at the west end of the town, and who were members of an Association to put down the nuisance of houses of ill-fame. He also said that he was about to under take the prosecution of the two houses in Ship-alley, and save the parish the trouble of doing so. At this time he ( Mr. Stutfield) had nu idea whatever that the parish would he liable to pay 201. for his disinterested services. • Mr. HENY read from the judgment, in the case which he had before quoted, the expression of Mr. Justice Bayley, who said that it was very important that such prosecutions should be conducted by a parish constable and not by a private indi vidual. The parish officers promised to indict the parties, and secure the persons, arid Mr. West and Mr. Chisholm's lerk left the Court completely crest-fallen. UNION-HALL. Yesterday Henry Newman, a builder, residing at Stoekwell, was brought up for re•ezamination, charged with forgery. Mr. Wilkins, the barrister, attended on behalf of the pri soner. _ _ _ _ ~ V• Mr. Mark Markwick, stated that he resided at No. 16, Arthur-street, Red Lion-square, and that he became ac quainted with the prisoner in August, 1842. In the month of May, 1843, the prisoner was indebted to him a sum amounting to between 100/. and 150/., money which he had advanced to him from time to time. There was no account rendered, but the prisoner gave him an order upon the Eastern Counties Railway as security. In March or April last the prisoner said he would get him a bill for 30/., at two months, from Mr. H. Pain, of the Loughborough-road, surveyor, he (complainant) at the time being pressing for money in payment of the advances he had made. On the 17th of May the prisoner brought him a bill purporting to be accepted by Henry Pain for 201., and he said that Mr. Pain refused to give a bill for a larger sum or for a less date than three months. The complainant produced the bill in question, and added that when it became due it was then discovered that the acceptor's name was a forgery. The complainant, in his cross-examination by Mr. Wilkins, admitted that the accused had brought an action against him, for the recovery of 1,1004, which action was now pending. 1-I (complainant), however, declared that he was not indebted to him in any amount. !leery Pain being sworn, stated that he was acquainted with the prisoner. "Ile bill in question was here shown to witness, and on examin:ng it he said the acceptance was not in his handwritinz, and he never authorised the prisoner to sign or accept any bill for him. Mr. Wilkins here called forward a witness named Simpson, a builder, who, in reply to the Learned Counsel's questions, said that some time since he had an interview with Mr. Pain, and then asked him whether he accepted the 201. bill in the hands of Mr. Maikwick, or whether he had given the pri soner any authority to do so? The answer Mr. Pain gave was, that it was not his signature, but that he authorised the accused to accept the bill, and he added that he was not at home when it was presented for payment. Thomas Edwards stated that he was present during a con versation between the prisoner and Pain, on the subject of the bill in question, and heard the latter say that in the event of Mr. Markwick giving the prisoner into custody, to send for him, and that he would exonerate him from all blame in the transaction, for that he (Pain) had given him authority to put his acceptance to the bill in question. The MAGISTRATE then called forward Mr. Pain, and ad dressing him said— I now ask you whether you mentioned in the presence of the last witness that you had given the pri s.ner authority to put your signature to the bill? Mr. Pain— It is not tt uo. The MAGISTRATE said, that as Mr. Pain had positively sworn that he had not given the prisoner tl e authority as serted, he should send the case before a jury, but under all the circumstances would accept bail for the prisoner's ap pearance. KINGSTON. A labourer, who gave the name of Benjamin Milne, was brought before Messrs. King and Roots, the presiding Magis trates, at the Town-hall, to answer a charge of committing a daring robbery upon a young lady named Julia lll‘Lean. Miss M'Lean deposed, that on Sunday evening she was re turning home from church along the Ham-road, when she ob served a person, who resembled the prisoner, walk past her, and, when he had got a short distance, he stopped short until she got up to him, when he snal c hed at her reticule, and tore it violently from her arm, and ran off with it. She gave an alarm immediately, and several persons went off in the direc tion the man had taken who robbed her. The prisoner was soon afterwards brought to her, but although he very much re sembled the robber in size and general appearance, she could not speak positively to his identity. Sergeant Martin, of the V division, deposed, that, upon hearing of the robbery, he went to a lodging-house in Kings ton, known by the natse of the Quart Pot, and he there appre hended the prisoner from the description Miss M'Lean had given of the man who robbed her. She could not, however, identify him. Witness afterwards made a search in the direc tion in which the man ran away, and he picked up the reticule, which was wrapped up in a handkerchief, and lying under the doorway of an old house. The constable added that he could not trace the property in any way to the possession of the prisoner. In answer to the charge, the prisoner declared that he was innocent, and he said he had come to Kingston to sell Con greve matches, and he had no other means of getting his living The MActszeants said the case was very su,picious, but as there was not sufficient evidence of the robbery, they should send him as a rogue and vagabond for a month to the House of Correction. PARIS GAIETIES.—The Count de Rambuteau, Pre. feet of the Seine, gave, on Saturday evening, his first ball for the season, at the Hotel de Ville. The gildings and paintings of its splendid saloons seemed to be augmented in number and Lenity ; ar.d the dazzling brilliancy of the lights, playing avian the jewellery and rich dresses of the finest and most elegant women of Paris, made this, as they have ever done the fetes given at the Hotel do Ville, the most agreeable in France. Fo reigners of distinction never leave Paris without having gained admittance to the balls of the Count de Rambuteau. Among those present on this occasion we remarked her Royal High ness the Duchess of Braganza, the Duke d'Ossuna, the Prince and Princess d'Anglona, the Duke San Teodoro, the Duke and Duchess de Gagliera, the Austrian Ambassador and the Countess d'Appony, the Sardinian Ambassador, the Countess of Luxburg and daughter, and the Bavarian and Danish Ministers. Among the numerous French visitors were the Baroness de Alackau, General and Baroness Athalin, and several Peers of France and Deputies, with their ladies. The supper-rooms were thrown open at twelve o'clock, and the tables were spread with every luxury. The dancing, animated by an excellent orchestra, was kept up to a very late hour.— Galignani. EASTERN UNION RAILWAY.—We may now con gratulate the public on the certainty of there being a direct line of railway between Ipswich and London. The rival line has been abandoned. The Eastern Counties Railway express their wish to see the Ipswich line car ried out ; and still_ better than all, the money to form the railway has been fully subscribed. The shares have, we understand, been all taken up, and we have no doubt that the railway will be not only a benefit to the town and neighbourhood, but a safe investment for capital. These gratifying results are to be attributed to the energy and public spirit manifested by the inhabitants of Ipswich, to which we, have frequently had the satisfac tion of giving expression ; and it would be injustice if we did not add that it was in a high degree owing to the vigilance and indomitable resolution of Mr. J. C. Cob bold, whose zeal in this matter deserves the thanks of his fellow-townsmen.—lpswich Express. AN EDITOR'S SALARY.—At a conference of dele gates of the coal miners, held in Manchester a few days ago, the subject of the amount of salary to be paid to the editor of the Miner's Advocate, a fortnightly publication recently esta blished in this town, it was, after some discussion, agreed that twenty-one shillings per week be the amount of the editor's sa lary ! with an allowance of twenty shillings per annum, as a subscription to a news-room, to enable him to see the papers ! Tyne Mercury. \C'e have heard that the Monopolists in this neigh bourhood are raising, not " heaven and earth," as the saying goes, but earth and the nether regions, to get up an Anti- League meeting. When such a monster as Monopoly dies, we must expect a struggle or two ; but we doubt if its friends here, with all their fine hatred to the good cause, will be able to effect anything in the way of staying Monopoly's progres. to perdition. The cause is here, as everywhere else, hepeless.— Cambridge Advertiser. PLOUGHING MATCH BETWEEN TWO FARMERS. — On Thursday last, there was an interesting exhibition of rural skill at Terling, when two farmers of the neigh bourhood, Mr. Balls, of that parish, and Mr. Warren, of Hatfield, each of them being quite positive in his own mind that he could best "'draw the clean furrow and the level line," came forward to try their prowess in the plough-field. The stakes were an even Si. aside ; though if the adage holds good in husbandry, that " practice makes perfect," Mr. Balls had somewhat the advantage, inasmuch. as he is often in the habit of holding the handle of " the good old plough," while Mr. Warren does not so frequently have a share in the matter. The match took place on the farm of Mr. Greenwood, and the competitors travelled over two stetches in very re spectable style ; but the judges, Mr. Speakman, of Fair sted Hall, and Mr. Ellis, of Hatfield, awarded the 5/. and the palm of victory to Mr. Balls. The parties then retired to the White Hart, at Terling, and over a flowing and a friendly glass, th e h ea l t h o f the w i nn er and sac eess to the plough, were given with the heart iness of the Essex yeoman. The affair has awakened a sp irit of emulation in the pari s h, an d Mr. J o h n C ous ins and his six son s , w ill pl oug h against any other farmer and h i s six sons in the county f or lOU —Essex Herald. WASTE LANDS.—ENCLOSURE ACT.— On the motion of Lord Worsley, a very long return was made in June last " of the true or estimated quantity in statute mea sure of all common or waste lands not being held in severalty, in every parish or tithe commutation district, so far as the same can be ascertained from the schedules to the agreements or awards, or from the apportionments received by the Tithe C omm i ss i oners, " a nd also "A Re turn of all Acts passed s i nce t h e year 1800 for the En . closure of Common o r W aste L an d s in England and Wales, not being held i n severa l t y, distinguishing the parishes and counties in w hi c h th e same were situate d, together with the estim a t e d num b er of Acts passed from 1800 to 1810, from 1810 to 1820, from 1820 to 1830, and from 1830 to 1840." The summary of England shows that in the forty counties the total quantity of land amounts to 6,718,523 acres, a which t he q uantit y of common or waste land is st a t e d to be 1,3 58 , 419 acres. In Middlesex alone there are 1,:1.21 acres of waste land. The largest quantity of waste• land is in the North Hiding of Yorkshire, there being no less than 132,8 a acres of common or waste land out of a total of 1,897,592 acres, making a total of waste land in Engla nd and Wales of 1,860,232 out of the tot al of 8 , 616,115. By the second return it appears that from 1800 to 1810 the number of Enclosure Acts passed was 905 , from 1810 to 1820 the number was 741, from 1820 to 1830 the num ber was 192, and from 1830 to 1840 the number of En closure Acts was 125. REAL MONSTER AGITATION,.—EXCLUSION OF THE PEOPLE OT IRELAND P stoat JILRIIES ON ACCOU NT CR THEIR RELIGION.—No circumstarrce that ever occurred has excited the Catholic millions so universally and powerfully as the insult to their religion, their conscientious devotion to truth, and their honour, which has . just been perpetrated by the Tory Government. The petits .ons, resolutions, and other communications, denunciatory of the insult and the wrong which have, by this day's post, pour ed in from every county of Ireland, are so multitudinous as to t lefy perusal within the day. They will be turned to proper account by the C om mitt ee in due time. We need only stat e as an ad d i tional proof, that the most moderate as well as the most s li st inguished of the Catholic body have joined the mighty body oaf the people of Ir e l an d i n this gigantic movement for th e vim dication of the national cha racter. We may state that at thi t great meeti ng h e ld on t h e i subject of the juries yesterday, Drogheda, the chair was occuped by the most Rev. Dr. Cr olly, Primate of Ireland.— Dublin Pilot. VIENNA, JAN. 2.—The lets? yesterday at Prince Metternich's was one of the most splendid given by the illus trious Prince for many years. !The Prince entertained at dinner the Ministers of State and t he oorps diplotatique, and in the evening received, in the 'name of th e E mperor , t h e congratulations, on the occas ion et! New Year's D ay , f rom t h e nobility and foreigners of distirsit ion at present here. His Imperial Highness the Archd.uke-Astephen h as l e f t f or P rague, to assume his high functions in tiree Bohemian capital. The amiable character and disporition. sof the noble Prince are cal culated to produce most beneficial effects in that part of the Austrian dominions. Active csi.rrespondence is kept up Court of Naples in be tween this Court and those of .Fra nce and Sardinia rela to Spanish a ff airs, and at one t hue it was thought that the would have led to negotiations for theecit h artmo recognitionef Turin st ep by N ot v fh o u eQ l d oute h he a ei v ir e l; ta f a o bl l ?i l which were en the best footing when the last news from Spain occasioned again a pause in Tegur d to the intention of the King of Sardinia on this subject His Serene Highness the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg Sclis . werin is expected here, en route for Italy, where his Impala al Highness the Archduke Rayner intends repairing next ininith. The funeral of Prince Colloredo Mansfeld took place a fievy days age. The Prince died in the seventy-second year c 3 his ago, and was one of the richest noblemen in the country.. His son, who is a captain in the Emperor Ferdinand's Chass ear Regiment, succeeds to the princely fortune and title. ANTI-CORN-LAW LEAGUE;. AND TUE COGERS.—The society of Cogere, who me •et nightly at their hall in Bride-lane, was informed by a rnember on Monday evening last that it was the i mention of the Council of the League shortly to return to London t o renew th e ir valuable and spirited oxertiot is in favour of free trade. A subscription in aid was suggested, and i n a f ew minutes nearly 20/ wa s laa:nded to th e S ecre t ar y, although no previous notice Is. ad been given, and but few members present. The- ebt ;Subject of an immediate contribution was to set ail e:.camplo to the numerous societies with which the Ine'lrQUas abounds. THE OREGON TERRITORY. In an article on this sul►ject in The Sun of the 23th of December, we remarked on the menda cious nature of the whole statements contained in the President's Message relative to the pre tensions of the United States touching the terri tory in question. The United States," said Mr. President Tyler, "have always contended that their rights appertain to the entire re gion lying on the Pacific, and embraced within the 42d deg. and 54th deg. 40 min. of N. latitude." On that statement we then observed, " This is not even true. The original and subse quent pretensions of the United States on the territory were not at all to this extent." We bad not, at the time, immediate access to the documents, but felt assured of' our correct ness in impeaching the veracity of • the American State Paper. In the last pub lished (January) Number of the Quarterly British and Fore:gn Review, we find not only a remarkable confirmation of our objection, but of all the views which The Sun has announced within the last two or three months on this very " Oregon" question ; and so valuable a summary of the past history of the whole case, that we shall unhesitatingly avail ourselves of it in reclaiming the reader's attention to the course of transactions connected with it. The matter, always one of extreme intrinsic importance, has been so absurdly postponed, as to a final and definitive adjustment, by the diploma tists of this country, in their negotiations with Spain and with Russia of half' a cen tury ago, that it is not to be wondered at if the United States have cunningly endeavoured to found, on the very fact of this protracted unsettle ment between two or three great European Powers, a fictitious and extravagant claim, on the usual Yankee principle of taking a large margin to allow of future abatements. It is not very likely that the absorbing interest even of the Irish State Trials, and other domestic questions which press for the immediate atten tion of Parliament, will induce the Legislature to allow this affair to remain over, many weeks, without placing it on a sound and becom ing footing. This footing we must rigor ously maintain and sternly enforce. In the matter of the north-eastern boundary, we have - had enough of arbitrations, and of the utter worthlessness of American undertakings, to abide by the result of their own proposals for such reference. On the Oregon question the Reviewer remarks :—" Recent movements in America now show that England has not a day to lose in deciding upon her course of action with respect to this unadjusted dispute, which is, in fact, rather a question of territorial right, than of undetermined boundary." It may not be generally recollected, that, by the Convention of the Escurial between the Mi nisters of Spain and England, in October, 170 Q, neither of those Powers (which alone, of all the Governments of the civilised world could, at that time, affirm a right or title to the territory now in dispute), affected any exclusive sovereignty over it. The Convention stipulated that the res pective subjects of the two contracting parties should not thereafter be disturbed or mo lested, " either in navigating or carrying on their fisheries in the Pacific Ocean or the South Seas, or in landing on the coasts of these seas, in places not already occupied, for the pur pose of carrying on their commerce with the na tives of the country, or of making settlements there." At the present moment the United States, which, at the date of this Convention were a recognised Government two years old, and which affect to claim through a derivative right by treaty with Spain, have the effrontery to claim that " exclusive sovereignty" which neither Spain nor Great Britain ever pretended the one to set up against the other! It is moreover a clear, distinct, and irrefragable fact, placed by themselves on record in their public acts mid State Papers, and especially thus limited and pressed on the part of the United States, in the Convention between those States and his Bri tannic Majesty, relative to the territory on the North-west coast of America, signed at London, in August, 1627; and again in the elaborate " Memoir, Historical and Political, on the North west Coast ofNorth America, and the adjacent ter ritories, by Robert Greenhow, translator and librarian to the Department of State (New Yolk, 1840)"—that the country, so claimed by the States, throughout the negotiations on the subject up to the last message of the President, was that territory lying between the Rocky Mountains and the Sea (the Pacific), and com prised between the parallels of 42 deg. and 49 deg. North latitude. The claim of the United States, as first agitated in Congress in 1806—the subject of negotiations between America and Great Britain in 1807; and again, at Ghent, in 1814 ; of the Convention with England in 1818 of Lord Castlereagh's dispatch of Febritary, 1818, expressly instructing our Minister at Washington that, in fulfilling the present stipulations of that Convention, he was on no ac count to concede the claim of Great Britain to the territorial district of Oregon, on which Ame rican settlements had been made ; the dispatch of Earl Bathurst to the North-West Company, of January, 1818, emphatically refusing the con cession of that claim to the United States; the subsequent negotiations between America and Great Britain of 1824; and the whole correspon dence both of the British Commissioners (the late Mr. Huskisson and Mr. Addington, now one of our Under Secretaries of State, and of Mr. Gallaton, the Plenipotentiary of the United States, in 1827, related to the region comprised between :these parallels of 42 deg. and 49 deg. North latitude. Even in the ridiculous proposal of the American General, Jessup, to Congress, in 1823, to take up the military occupation of the Oregon territory ; and the unprincipled recom mendation of the President, Mr. Munro, to adopt that piratical scheme of outrage upon the pos sessions of an ally, at a time of profound peace ; all these equally relate to the same specific geo graphical limits. In 1843, President Tyler has the assurance to talk, as we have seen, of these pretensions having always extended to 54 deg. North latitude. But the same want of honesty and decent pre- ' vision of statement pervade that functionary's description of the territory itself. It will be re membered that he spoke of its agricultural ca pabilities and healthfulness, and eligibility for settlement, in terms of eulogy which Mi.. George Robins could hardly have heightened for him, had he been at his elbow. Now, we have the authority of the American Memorialist for saying that it is divided into three regions : the first from the sea to the California Range; the second, from that chain to the Blue Mountains; the third, from these to the great range of the Rocky Mountains in which the Oregmi, or Co lombia, and its tributaries, have their sources. The climate of the first region is not fertile; the summer is immoderately dry, the winter ex tremely humid ; no rain falls from April to Oc tober; it is excessive in the other months. The yield of wheat does not average more than fifteen bushels per acre, which is but inconsiderable for a virgin soil in the new world. The uplands are heavily timbered, and the forests very fine. The California mountains rise to the height of 1(3,000 feet above the level of the sea. The superficies of the whole territory is " about 350,000 square miles." It is drained by the Oregon or Colombia and its tributaries, the former being navigable as far inland as 125 miles from the ocean, having a width, for about 25 miles from its mouth, varying from one to seven miles. " The Colombia" (according to the Bri tish and Foreign Reviewer) " falls into the sea between two headlands, Cape Disappointment and Cape Adams, front each of which a sand bar extends; and over these the waves of the ocean break with terrific violence as they meet the discharging torrent of the river. The entrance is consequently hazardous at all times, and scarcely passable when time winds are high." The st cond region is more elevated and less fer tile than► that near the coast ; the laud not fa vourable tor agriculture, bu might ansrver for grazing and sheep, the climate being healthy. The third region is a rude desert of steep rocky mountains, intersected with very narrow valleys called " holes," and of wide sand-covered volcanic plains. Climate dry in the extreme ; very little rain, no dew, and an extra dinary difference of . temperature between the day and the night. It is a wilderness with no means of supporting a population. As it is only on the first region that these could be found, the Reviewer justly infers" that, upon the whole, the Oregon territory holds out no great promise as an agricultural field ; that its value seems to consist chiefly in the possession of the Colombia, and of the harbours of the Strait of Fuca." He shows that it is this last consideration which really makes the exclusive proprietorship of the Oragon an object of anxious desire to the Ame ricans. The territory contains no precious metals, no valuable minerals; and the climate is too cold for the cultivation of cotton, tobacco, rice, or coffee. Its 20,000 aboriginal natives are savages, incapable of useful labour; so there is no pro mise of any productive article of export. "The fur trade has hitherto been the only channel for the advantageous investment of capital in these regions; but that trade is incompatible with the progress of settlement, and must gradually cease as the occupation of the country proceeds." This is a profound and practical truth, and it ably introduces what follows in the same article, on the real objects of the United States' Govern ment in pressing its extravagant pretensions. Leaving to a future opportunity, when the ques tion snail have been opened in Parliament, the Reviewer's temperate but very fOrcible exposition of the whole question of priority of discovery, of possessory rights and of territorial rights, absolute and derivative ; we close for the present with an extract from his speculation on the ultimate de signs contemplated by America in her monstrous claim to exclusive possession of a region in which, except a few private settlements made by permission of the British authorities on British • possessions, she has No title, derivative, absolute, or possessory. The claim she asserts under the stipulations of her " Florida" Treaty with Spain, of February, 1819, is clearly vitiated by the specific concessions and covenants of the former or "Escurial" Treaty of Spain with Great Bri tain in 1790, s hich, together with intervening treaties between the same Powers, prior to 1818, disabled Spain from making any grants to the United States of the Oregon territory coming within the construction sought to be put upon theta by American—diplomacy. " It is easy, therefore, to understand that the main point with the United States in pressing for exclusive sovereignty over this region must be to secure the command of the outlets;to the Pacific, the importance of which is sufficiently obvious when we consider the rapid extension of steam navigation, the probability of a regular passage being effected across time Isthmus of Panama, and above all the recent opening of new commer cial relations with the East. It is true that a formidable obstacle exists to the colonisation of the Oregon from overland, for the country east of the Rocky Mountains is, for several hundred miles, an inhospitable desert, incapable of sup plying rood except in the vicinity of the rivers which flow into the Mississippi. The Americans, however, propose to establish a line of posts be tween the Missouri and the passes of the Rocky Mountains; and they anticipate that the Lewis and the Colombia rivers may one day become the el.annels of traffic between the Eastern and ‘V estern coast. On the other hand, a passage across Panama would bring this coast within a few weeks' voyage from Europe, and so attract emigration from the Old World, if the territory had, in itself (which it has not), any remarkable capacities lbr colonisation." ENLISTMENT OF PAUPER CHIL DREN FOR THE ARMY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUR. RESPECTED FRlEND—Permit me to invite thy attention to the folluwing s atement of facts connected with the enlistment of paurer children for the army, and to request thy powerful aid in putting sown a practice which must, I think, be regarded by every humane man as dishonourable to the age and country in which we live. Ht.ving personally collected the facts on which the statement is founded, with peat care, I am prepared to give such detailed information as may be necessary to justify its allegations.-_I am, respectfully, &c., PREDERIC WHEELER. _ _ Rochester, Ist month 15th, 1841. The public may not perhaps be generally aware, that a prac- Cce has grown up of late years, of supplying the army with little boys for drummers, selected from the healthiest inmates of the union workhouses round about the great military garrison of Chatham. Facts of a painful nature relating to this subject having been brought under the notice of the writer, it appeared to be a duty to prosecute certain inquiries into the circum stances, and extent of the practice, from which investigation it appears that the following eight unions have all furnished boys fur the army, namely, Chelmsford, Cranbmok, Dartford, East Ashford, Hollingbourne, Medway, Maidstone, and North Aylestord, comprising in all 143 parishes. To those may be added the large metropolitan parish of St. Marylebone and the establishment for pauper children at Brixton. Other unions have been applied to for boys, and particulars, more or less minute, of upwards of 60 cases have been collected. It appears also that, in twenty cases, boys have been thus disposed of before they have attained " the prescribed age of fourteen years," one of them, indeed, having been sworn when under eleven and a quarter years old! It is melancholy to re flect on the large amount of false swearing that is involved in this feature of the case. That the oath thus taken is consi dered to bind them to the military service for life, thus de priving them of the opportunity of choosing a profession on attaining the age of 21, a protection which the Legislature carefully secures to the apprenticing of any ordinary calling ; recognising therein two very important considerations, fist, the incompetency of a child to decide on what shall be his em ployment through life ; and secondly, his natural right to choose a trade for himself on arriving at manhood. That on attain ing the age of about 18, they are trained in the dehumanising art of aorniaistering the military cat, a punishment at which the public mind revolts ; and many of them are quickly sent to distant parts of the world. That the parochial funds have in some instances been employed in effecting these arrange ments. '1 he above is an outline of the practice ; the following are the heads of two individual cases, showing how the system affects the fate of the children and the feelings of near rela tives. They are taken as being the first two cases which came under notice, and which led to subsequent inquiry:— Case 1. James Potter, an orphan, inmate of the North Aylesford Union, was enlisted in the summer of 1842, in the 3d Butts, as having attained the " prescribed age of 14 years," required by the regulations of the Horse Guards, but appear ing by the register of baptism, as well as the union register, as under that age. Ths relations state that they were not consulted in the matter, that they knew nothing of the pro ceeding until it was completed; that they are much dissatis fied therewith, and were, in fact, concerting measures for placing him out in some situation on attaining a proper age. In a memo rial to the Commander-in-Chief, embodying the above allegations, they ask for the discharge of the bey, stating it also to be his wish to be released. The reply authorises his discharge on pay ment of 201., and "on no other condition." Application was made to the Guardians of the Union, who replied that they can render no assistance in the case ; and the boy consequently re mains in the military service. Case 2. John Mitchel, an orphan, inmate of the Dartford Union, was removed to the pauper school at Brixton, and in the spring of 1843, was enlisted in the 25th Regiment, being then, as appears by the register of baptism, under twelve and a half years old. Ater being at Chatham a few months, he was seen by the writer, crying bitterly on Rochester bridge, and then made known to him his ease. In less tkan a week from that time, he was observed by the same person, marching with five other little boys, with a draft on their way to Caunanore, in the East Indies. Fits step-father knew nothing of the enlistment until completed, applied to the Commander-in-Chief for his restoration to his family, alleging his tender age, &c. The reply contains a copy of the schoolmaster's certificate, declaring him to have " obtained the prescribed age of fourteen ;" and states that the request cannot be complied with except on cer tain conditions, one of which is the payment of 401. On ap plication to the Guardians of Dartford Union, no explanation can be given as to the certificate of age, but, on the contrary, a reference to one of their books proves that the lad had not ob tained the age declared. No redress, however, could be obtained from them, and the child must remain in India an exile from his family. Here Then we see two powerful bodies, the military authori ties and the executive of the poor-law, taking advantage of the helplessness and ignorance of an orphan child, who has as yet scarcely looked abroad into the world, whe is impatient uf the restraints of a Poor-law Union, and dazzled with the tinsel prospict of a soldier's life ; and thus becomes the willing victim of the bargain which binds him for the term of his natural life. And, we ask, is it the intention of the Legislature or of the public that onr unions and workhouses should be made wholesale recruiting establishments for the army, and their operations be carried on at the expense of the rate-payers? BRITISH Ws:Num.—By a Parliamentary return the annual estimated charge fur the 13ritish Museum to Lady-day next is stated to be 34,9751. The return embraces nine divi sions, including the number of persons who have visited the institution aor the last six years. From Christmas, 1836, to Christmas, 1837, the number was 321,151 ; from Christmas, 1837, to Christmas, 1838, the number was 266,008 ; to 1839, 280,850 ; to 1840, 247,929 ; to 1841, 19,374 ; and to Christ mas, 1842, 547,718. No fewer than 5,627 visits by artists were mane in the year 1842 to the galleries of sculpture, and 8,781 to the print-room. It is stated in respect to the read ing-room, that " the number of books returned t o the shelves of the general library from the reading-room is 142,179 ; to the Royal library, 22,408 ; to the closets where they are kept for the use of readers from day to day, 78,470 ; to the shelves of the reading-rooms, about 116,400; altogether, 359,457 vo lumes—en an average 1,1;30 a day. The number of readers is 71,494." The Law Times intimates that it is matter of con sideration with the Governreent, whether it would not be ex pedient to abolish all settlements of every kind ; to collect all poor-rates into one general and central fund to reimburse each parish for the maintenance of the poor who may happen to become chargeable therein, without regard to where they belong. We refrain from any further comment on this report than to say, that if means are taken to render each parish as scrupulous in spending the public money as they are of spend ing their own, the plan presents solid advantages.—Brighton Gazette. ~~'? L~ COURT CIRCULA .:'; )1 ;` ,1 ,; 1 / 4 t WINDSOR, WEDNRSDAY.—Her Majesty :SitHic:,r,.ryter7l Albert tok their accus t ome d wa lk to -d ay in th?o64.ltoki - • about the Castle. 4ViSACANY The Royal F am ily were ta k en to -d ay for t t -nsu airings. The Earl and Countess of Jersey and Lady Clemontine Villiers arrived on a v isit to her Majesty and his Royal flightless Prince Albert, and will have the honour of joining the Royal dinner circle at the Castle this evening, Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge, ac companied by the Princess Mary, and attended by Baroness Ahlefeldt, left Frankfort on Thursday last, and travelled by route to Coblentz, Bonn, and Cologne, to Aix-la-Chapelle, where her Royal Highness arrived on Saturday. The Royal Duchess and suite left Aix-la- Chapelle for Ostend, at which port the Royal party arrived on Sunday. Her Royal Highness proceeded to Calais on the following day, and on Tuesday morning, ebout eight o'clock, embarked for Dover, where the Royal Duchess landed, and went from Dover to Folke stone, travelling thence to town by the South-Eastern Railway, and immediately proceeding from the terminus to Row, where the Duchess and the Princess Mary, at tended by Baroness Ahlefeldt and Baron Knesebeck, ar rived at nine o'clock in the evening. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge left town yesterday morning for his residence, at Kew. A Cabinet Council was held at three o'clock yesterday afternoon, at the Foreign-office. The Ministers present were Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, the Lord Chancellor, Lord Wharncliffe, the Duke of Buccleuch, the Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Stanley, Sir James Graham, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Earl of Haddingto; Earl of Ripon, Mr. Gladstone, Sir Henry Hardinge, and Sir Edward Knatchbull. The Council broke up soon after five o'clock, when Sir Robert Peel immediately took his departure for Windsor Castle. Lady Peel also accompanied the Righ Hon. Baronet, on a visit to her Majesty. Mr. William Maury, deputed by the AmeriCan Chamber of Commerce at Liverpool to advocate a re duction in the duty on tobacco, had an interview with Sir Robert Peel yesterday. Mr. Dean, Chairman of the Customs, and the Hen. Edward Stewart, Deputy Chairman, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. Dispatches for the Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands, and also for the Governor of Malta, were sent off last evening from the Colonial-office. The Bishop of London had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of tha Exchequer. The Duke of Wellington had an interview with Sir Robert Peel yesterday. PRINCESS'S THEATRE. ENGAGEMENT OF MR. AND MRS. WOOD. After an absence from London of some years, Mr. and Mrs. Wood made their first appearance at this theatre last evening. To what causes this absence is to be attributed, how it came to pass that these, the first of English singers, have been suffered to be so long with out a metropolitan engagement, we will not now stop to inquire, but instead we offer our hearty congratulations to Mr. Maddox on his good fortune in having been enabled to secure their services, and our best thanks for having provided for the musical public 'such a treat. As might have been expected, the house was literally overflowing. Before the opening of the doors crowds were waiting to obtain admittance. The pit and gallery were crammed to suffbcation within five minutes after the doors were opened. Those who were unable to obtain edreission to the pit rushed to the boxes— many of them too late to obtain ev en a b ac k seat in the slips. Long before the commence ment of the performance there was not a place unoccupied, and had the theatre been three times the size that it is, it would have been too small to have afforded accommodation to all those who sought for ad mittance. The opera was the Maid of Judah, Mr. and Mrs. Wood sustaining their original characters of Ivan hoe and Rebecca. She enters in the first scene, and never do we recollect to have witnessed such a reception. The house rose en masse, and amidst shouts of welcome, the waving of hats and handkerchiefs, and applause the most enthusiastic, she gracefully acknowledged the deafening cheering with which she was greeted. After the cheering had somewhat subsided, there was a call for one cheer more, which was most enthusiastically re sponded to, arid then, and not until then, was she per mitted to proceed with the business of the scone,: and never do we recollect to have seen or heard her to greater advantage. Her attractions are undiminish4, There are still the same beautiful and expressive' fete, tures, the same lovely and graceful form. the same appro priate and expressive acting, and her voice is as powerful, as sweet, as mellow, and as flexible as ever, while she has, if possible, even greater command over it than she' ever had. What can induce her to leave the stage - (for this is advertised as her farewell engagement) thus, in the zenith of her powers, at a time too, when we'have a really musical public, more capable than ever it has been yet of properly appreciating the treasure which it pos sesses in such a prima donna as Mrs. Wood, we are at a loss to imagine. Let us, however, hope that her resolu tion is not irrevocable. Mr. Wood shortly afterwards entered, and was greeted with the most enthu siastic cheering. He looked exceedingly sell, apd is decidedly improved both in acting and singing. His Ivanhoe throughout was a fine manly performance, and it was quite a treat to hear his fine and powerful voice in these days of puny tenors. His voice, always power ful and melodious, seems to us to be of greater compass and flexibility than it was, and it was evident from his singing that he had now become a most accomplished musician. Tasteful and expressive, he always was,lbut he is now, - a perfect artist—die first of tenor singers. The opera itself is no doubt familiar to our readers. It is an adaptation of the story of Scott's " Ivanhoe," to the music of Rossini's Pietro 1 Erman (which itself, by the bye, is only an adaptation of a new libretto to the music of Mose in Egilto), and was originally produced at Covent-garden ; the Woods, then as now, sus t a i n in g the principal characters. There are three grand scenes for Mrs. Wood, each of which was given with the most exquisite taste and power, and in each of which she was . rapturously applauded. There were l ou d ca ll s f or th e re p e .; titton of the scene in the second act; but these were met with cries of "Shame, shame," and the encore was not insisted on. Nothing, however, but the fear of fatiguing the cantatriee prevented every one of them from being encored. Mr. Wood sang the delicious melody, " All by the shady greenwood tree," with great taste and ex pression, and was of course rapturously encored. He was also encored in the magnificent bravura, "When the trump of Fame loud calling." Well do we remember the electrical effect of this song on the audience when the opera was originally produced. It at once fixed Wood's position at the head of his profession. No one has ever been able to approach him in this magnificent song, and never did he sing it better than last evening. At the conclusion of the opera Mr. and Mrs. Wood were both called for, and again greeted with the utmost enthusiasm. After which Walton announced the opera for repetition on Friday amidst the unanimous applause of one of the most crowded audiences ever assembled within the walls of a theatre., EXTENSIVE EXCISE PROSECUTIONS. According to the opinions of persons connected with the Excise depart ment, the system of fraud and adulteration of exciseable articles, and, of course, those in a great measure of daily eonsumptign, never existed to so great an extent as at the present time, and the cases of detection by the officers in all parts of the country have multiplied to an unprecedented degree. As the whole of these nefarious practices are reported to the Board of Excise in London, and samples of the adulterated articles transmitted far examination, some idea may be formed of their number when it is known that a practical chemist, who is kept by the Board, and who is furnished with a complete laboratory at the office in Broad-street, has been constantly erlaged for the last two months on analysing the various seizieres of spurious and adul terated pepper alone, which amounts in the gross to several tons. This, however, is only one of the many articles that the pubhe receive in an unwholesome form. Cocoa, properly a most wholesome and nutritious accompaniment 'to the breakfast table, has also come in largely for its share of adulteration by the dishonest tradesman. A species of fine brown earth is mixed with it, and to render it invisible to the casual ob server, and effectually prevent its being separated from the genuine ingredien , , a portion of mutton fat is .ntreduced, which binds the earth with the cocoa, and at the same time gives it the characteristic richness of good cocoa, and only to be de tected by the experienced eye. During the past week, prose cutions under the authority of her Majesty's Commissioners, took place at the following places, and in every case a convic tion, with the penalties annexed, was obtained :—For spurious pepper, in Worcester, six informations, penalties 2.501. ; in Sunderland, twelve informations, penalties 350/. ; in Durham, two informations, penalties ;00/. ; in Bristol, three informa tions, penalties 1001. The adulterations in the above cases were, red and white mustard husks, rice, chilies, taw-dust, earthy matter, sago, linseed, rapeseed, and wheat bran. In Manchester, Thomas Raingell was fined 2001- for adulterating his stock of tobacco with turmeric and yellow ochre. A great number of other prosecutions for tobacco will follow, several lots of which are adulterated with tar and sand to the extent of 14 per cent. THE SECRET PASSION.—We hear that the author of those truly original works, " Shakspeare and his Friends," and " The Youth of Shakspeare," has a new novel on the point of appearance of a highly attractivo nature under the title of " The Secret Passion," w here, in a story of great novelty, told in that picturesque style which directed such general attention to his former we rks, lie has made the principal feature a married lady of high rank, distinguished not less for her beauty than for her unrivalled, moral, and intellectual attain ments, struggling against the influence of a dangerous sympathy for one whose genius was not less exalted than his virtues were ennobling. Thus placing two of the most admirable' examples of their sex wider cir cumstances that would at once both try. and prove their pretensions to the excellence for which each was cele brated. Report speaks highly of this work as affording delineations of hum an p ass i on o f a b sor bing intere s t, an d as being equally remarkable for its intellectual character as for its moral tendency. THE LAw of DIVORCE.—A deputation waited yesterday on Dr. Nichol on the subject of the present law of divorce in this country, to request him to introduce into any measure he may have is contemplation for the reform of the ec clesiastical •4. law a clause to enable injured individuals who nifty appeal to that Court to obtain a divorce a nitwit/0 waif iutotaii : 'I he deputation were most courteously received by Dr. Nit s , who promised to call the attention of the Government necessary end important alteration in so unjust a sta o t t e t :o n f t t i l i f present law, which entirely pots it out of the dent, on whose j l u ,o rc oo d l p . arty to obtain any redress except at errpoou7leary of about ASPARAGUS.—A medical correspondent, informs us that the statement we can most implicitly rely, . estimated Zone who ad vantages of this plant are not sufticiei ti are cured in a few days by feeding on g t 'h h et i:rrli. o i f otts rhe c a sc ula uloa tis t u : relieved, especially if the carefully avoid all acids, whether in food or overage. asunffdermforreemchrlrlosnsinciaticsamsesanadreguur.eh Slight b patient The Jerusalem artichoke has also a similar effect in relieving - rheumatism. The heads may be eaten in the usual way, but tea made from the leaves of the stalks, and drunk three or four times a day, is a certain remedy, th3a, , ,,1i not equally agree able.—York Courant.