The Sun. — London, England, 1844-03-07 00:00:00

increase the price of labour, and thus the continual action and re-action would be kept up throughout the community. High or low, the price of bread caused more adversity or prosperity to a country than could be imagined.—(Hear, hear.) They were told that the representative system was wisely and well ar ranged, the power being in the hands of the agricultural classes, and that they ought to have the preponderating influence in the Legislature—(Hear, hear)—and that it would be unwise to deprive them of any portion of the power which they possessed. They were also told that if they (the agriculturists) did not yield of themselves, nothing could be done in a legal way which would make them yield—that was, that they were to continue to enrich themselves at the expense of the community.—(Hear, hear.) He confessed that from Parliament nothing could be ex pected at present. But were they to despair on that account ?—(Cheers.) He should say, far from it.— (Loud cheers). He saw everything showing that the cause of free trade was making rapid advances— that the arguments of the free traders were making way in the country, and even in high places—in Par liament itself, as was proved by the advance which was made during the last session towards free trade, on the Canada Corn Bill.—(Hear, hear.) By that Bill, corn might be imported from Canada, at a duty of ls. But why should it not be imported at the same rate from every other British colony.—(Loud cheers.) But that was not only an admission to the principles of free trade : there were other practical advantages derived from it—namely, that the Ame ricans would be likely to smuggle a great deal of flour into Canada, so that they would then have American flour as Canadian. The landlords were very a igry at this. They pretended that their great reason for opposing the repeal of the corn-laws was that they would be dependent upon foreign countries for the supply of such a necessary article of life ; but in this case they were equally angry though the supply were to come from their own colonies, thus showing that they did not so much object to the corn being foreign as to its being cheap.—(Hear, hear.) Anything which made corn cheap must be bad, and it must be a bad law which enabled it to come into this country. That was the doctrine of the agriculturists.—(Cheers.) In the course of the next week the question of the corn-laws would be dis cussed in the House of Commons, and he supposed they pretty well knew what the result would be— (Hear, hear)—what the course of the debate would be. His worthy and respected friend Mr. Cobden would introduce the subject with his usual cleverness and talent. He would deal with the question this year as in former years, and state his case so clearly before the House, that if the Members had not an in terest in opposing him they would be _compelled by their consciences to vote with him.—(Hear, hear.) He would make a speech so full of sound argument— so happily illustrated, so ably delivered, that there would not be a word to add to his statement.—(Hear, hear.) It must carry conviction to the breast of every honest man. The same country gentleman would get up, and, if he did not actually call his Hon. Friend ragamuffin, he would insinuate that he was nothing better than an ignorant' man, and, not being possessed of many acres, was not fit to develope any comprehensive policy in the House of Commons, or introduce any alterations in the laws of the country. They would have other friends for the repeal of the corn-laws—Mr. Villiers, Mr. Milner Gibson, Mr. Bright, and others— w h o wou ld g i ve additional force to his statements. Then they would have a number of country gentlemen say that they were low-bred ragamuffins, and that they were attempting to overturn the Established Church and all their revered institutions—(Great laughter) —and that they were determined, as long as they had seats in that House, to stand by the throne, the altar, and the corn-laws.—(Cheers and laughter.) They probably would have some determined enemy of the manufac turers, like the Hon. Member for Knaresborough— (Laughter)—who would deliver a violent phillipic against everyman, either himself a manufacturer, or connected with manufactures, or who had anything to do with the trade or the commerce of the country, forgetting that very many of the country gentlemen themselves owed their fortunes to manufactures, for he (Mr. Leader) ventured to say that since the in troduction of manufactures on a large scale into this country the value of landed estates had been doubled in England. Well, after one or two nights passed in debate of this kind—if debate it could be called— (Laughter) —where all the argument was on one side, and all the personality on the other, Sir Robert Peel would get up and make a very plausible Minis terial speech—(Laughter)—probably lie would speak for three hours, but they must not expect that in those three hours he would tell them anything— (Laughter)—for, beyond all the men he (Mr. Leader) ever heard, the Right Hon. Gentleman ,possessed more than any other the singular felicity of talking a long time and leaving his audience in doubt as to which side his opinion inclined.—(Cheers and laughter.) Ile illustrated in the most happy manner the witty saying of a celebrated French diplomatist, who said " that language was given to men in order to conceal their thoughts."—(Laughter.) After all this the division would come on, and the numbers would be p re tt y muc h as t h ey were last year. Then they considered all that had been done since last year, in favour of the corn-laws, all the resolu tions which had been passed in fuvour of them, even in the country districts—when they remembered the number of converts, even of farmers themselves, made to the cause of free trade, was it not surprising that, in the House of Commons, there was not a single convert to this doctrine ? And why ? Because ruling interests were generally stronger than any rea son which could he adduced against it, and they were ready to adopt any frivolous or fallacious view which would tend to support any opinion that coincided with their own interests. The question, so far as the House of Commons was concerned, was already decided, because the case came on before a packed j ury—(Cheers)— Or, rather, one might say they were judge and jury in their own cause.—(Hear, hear.) But that was no reason why they should despair of success.— (Hear, hear.) There were many who heard him who remembered the Reform Bill, and who must recollect that it was far more difficult to carry that measure, because, in that case, men not only sat for their own boroughs, but they returned ten or twelve others whom they pleased to select.— (Hear, hear.) They ye Yetm yieldedtheyidd le 3 c • l i l e vs l hs d ee e is d l ottfoh etlongthe f co c ou o un n nd t t i n r yu theesdo convictionagitation. of the strongly opposed to them, and that the opinion of the country was so strongly evinced that the measure could be no longer resisted. But it appeared to him to be a great misfortune that the Legislature of this country always held back reforms till they were too late, and till they did little good when they were conceded. The remedy was always deferred till it became too late to put them in the same state of prosperity which it would have done if applied sooner. The question of Catholic Emancipation was a modern in stance of this. He would ask any intelligent or disinterested man whether, if that question was con ceded at the time of the union, Ireland would be in its present distressed and miserable condition ? If; according to Mr. Pitt's plan, Catholic Emancipation had been carried at the time of the union, and if the Irish Catholic Establishment had been paid, Ireland, instead of being a poor and miserable country con vulsed by agitation, would be as happy, prosperous, and contented as Scotland was at present.—(Hear, hear.) The case of reform was another instance, and it would also be the case with regard to the corn •laws, which made the first necessary of life so dear to the poor man. He was afraid this agitation would continue for a long time before the House of Commons were brought to reason ; but if by a combination of circumstances they were able to force the Govern ment and the aristocracy to grant a total repeal of the corn-laws, they could then t e ll th em th a t w h at t h ey had refused to mercy they were terrified into yielding to justice.—(Hear, hear.) But then the advantages to be derived from a repeal of the corn-laws would not be one-tenth what they would be if conceded now or two or three years ago—(Hear, hear)—be cause the consequence of the protective system had been to prevent commercial treaties with France, Portugal, Brazil, and Spain.—(Hear, hear.) Those countries said—" When you first get rid of your ex clusive system and your extravagant tariff then we will negotiate treaties with you. As long as you keep up that protective system, from which you ha ve no doubt derived good, we w ill follow your example." The consequence was that this country was losing its markets amongst foreign nations.—(Hear, hear.) Whenever they had brought their cause to triumph, whether in a year or two, or even longer, he was sure of this at all events, that the Anti-Corn-l aw L eague had by it s ag it a ti on done great good, by diffusing in formation amongst the people and enlightening the country on th e ques ti on .—(H ear. ) W hen the re peal came m en wou ld say —" Th e attack on the protec tive systemsystem ; was begun by the Anti-C orn -l aw L eague. They sh owe d t h e horrid and detrimental features of the they had been hated for it—their dili gencetheir intellect in and demdifficTuhlteiiers yetsteps was remarkable in collecting arguments, and i d n ° fl g i g c eci ted b u y pon the protective system a blow ' which it would The never CHAIRMANrecove r . t l 7n ( L introducedo recover."—(Loud elcheer s . weret hey ) Mr. Collier to the meeting. He was the son of the late Member for Plymouth, and had himself stood for the representa tion of Launceston. lien savage, artcl eat the dirty Fab for his breakfast, and the undre' tsed fish for his dinner—let him do that, and they v tould not complain.—(Loud cheers.) If he chose 'to be ignorant, and would not have books bee *sue their leaves were made from dirty racgs which came f rom It a l y, l et h i m do r. — .(Vheers.) L e t hi m, if h e chose, discard writink because th e ga ll o f w hi ch i nk was made came from leppo.--(Cheers.) Let him do all this, if he &med , but let hi m not i nterfere with the privilege— tne high and noble privilege —which entitled the people of this c oun t ry to i nv i te the people of other countries to come to this with their contributions, and enabled the people here to offer to them their contributions in return.—(Cheers.) The time once was when in this country there were rude savages who, instead o f garments, covered their bodies with red and yellow- ochre ; and who, instead of houses, had huts made. of the branches of trees and covered with fern.—(s,) He did not complain of the man who said he. would feed on aboriginal cabbages— (Laughter).--and ma k e hi s p i es an d pu ddings of sloes, haws, and. blackberries—(Laughter)—because they grew on his owr. land.—(Cheers.) God forbid that be should be deprived of the enjoyment of these notions, and that he should be compelled to eat peaches and other delicacies that came to maturity under a more 'benignant sun. Let him do as he liked with respect t'a all this, but let him not interfere with them. He might, if he chose, place a stick on the sands of the sea shore, or he might hang up a pitcher full of water, with a hole in the bottom, and watch its running from the rising to the setting sun, in order to tell h ow th e time passed by. But let him not deprive him of that beautiful instrument which had proceeded from the inkaligence and intellect of m an , ca ll e d a watc h , i n wEkh the iron, was brought from Sweden, the gold from Africa and Asia, and the precious stones from various parts of the world.—(Cheers.) Let him immure himsgelf,, if he pleased, in some uninhabited spot —let him do as their forefathers of old had done, have oak-tables, in which holes were made for the salt, and let him use his fingers instead of employing those articles, the xnaterials of which came from other countries. Let him do all that. What mattered it to him (Dr. Bowring) or to them, if he chose to dress in !coarse garments, and would enjoy nothing but that which was indigenous to his own land? He (Dr. Bowri ng ) m i g ht mourn over hi m ; but what business, he would ask, had he to interfere with him who. had that for which others would be thankful and Rrateful, and who, in return for that which he could give, would place at his disposal the produce of the universal world ?—(Cheers.) This was the history of civilisation and commerce, and in what, be would ask, consisted their victory, but that of making the universal world, with all its climates, and fruits, and men, and mind, tributary to that activity which gave energy to them and benefit and profit to all? In a cou n t ry li ke the present, where he saw men who worked at th e l oom, rising before the sun, an d retiring to rest l ong a f ter i t had set, he said, is that being .one w h o was spreading the benefits of amity and friendship over the universal world, because that which he produced brought to this count r y a ll t h e enjoyments of life ? ' Without him they never would have reached the high position in which this country at present stood. If this country was great, and great it was—(Cheers)—if it was in fluential, anal_ influential it was—(Cheers)—it was because tl'iey had made th emse l ves d e p en d en t on other nat i ons, and thereby r en d ere d th em t r ib u t ar y t o this .co- An try.____(Hear, hear.) Was it not lamentable, in d'ays 'like the present, to hear the strong—the infa tn.4%a language, which was used by men when they lanced of the foreign relations of this country ? Could they not see that those relations were the real sources of the commerce of the country? Did it not bring to those who were constantly inveighing against it, al most all that they ate, drank, or were clothed with? It brought to them almost every decoration in their dwel lings. To foreign countries they owed all this; and he (Dr. Bowring) should like nothing better than that such men should be condemned to the punishment of having their own physician—(Cheers) —viz., that of being made independent of foreign nations.— (Cheers.) It was the dependence of this country upon foreign nations that had made her name illus trous through the whole civilised world.—(Cheers.) He (Dr. Bowring) would like to strip from the hacks of such mereas these the garments they had received from foreign lands, and he would venture to say they would walk through the streets in their own original nakedness.—(Cheers.) Let them take from their tables the contributions that came from foreign coun tries, and he would venture to say that two or three days would put them in a state of starvation.— (Hear, hear.) He should like to take from the backs of their wives and daughters the great and beautiful things they had received from foreign countries, and he would venture to say that they would not show themselves afterwards in Ilounsditch.—(Great laughter.) It was on the de pendence of man on man that their virtues and feli cities .equally hung.—(Cheers.) He could under stand the theory of those who, if they crossed a brook, or wandered over a mountain, would say they had no language to deal out in love; thtt there they expected to find not friends but foes ; that there they were to seek to destroy, and not to benefit. Those, however, were not the principles of those who be longed to the League; their principles were free trade, with which human happiness was connected. Free' traders deem it their high and honourable— their most high and most honourable—mission, to remove the mass of misery where they found misery existing, and to develope happiness where they saw any means of devel o pi ng happiness.--(llear, hea r .) Their attention was often called to what was passing elsewh ere , an d their thoughts .had lat e ly b een taken to' that ocean —the great Pacific Ocean—in w hich he hoped the magnificent barque of free trade would, ere long, float in all its majesty (Cheers)--and he thought, as he had duties elsewhere, that he could not better conclude what he had said, than by giving them And they even hinted, awfully, That if e'er in the isle of Owhyhee Bread-pudding in price should humbled be, All was o'er with the aristocracy ! One penny saved to the clods who dine Would be sure to bring all the " Nobles" to " nine!" * Meanwhile that cry that dreadful cry, " We starve, we starve!" rose loud and high ; 'Till what was the upshot, all shall see In the second canto of Owhyhee !" The Hon. and Learned Gentleman was frequently interrupted, during the reading of the verses, by the applause and laughter of the audience, and he was loudly cheered as he sat down. J. T. LEA.DBR, Esq., M.P., then came forward. He said he must first congratulate them on the altered and improved position of the League, and on the great, the fair, and the intelligent meetings that now assembled in that theatre, to hear what the Council of the League had to say. When he had the honour of appearing before them on those boards last year, the League was rather an object of contempt from its opponents, a thing to be sneered, at to be laughed at, to be ridiculed: But now things were quite altered, both with the League and its opponents. Now it was a thing feared and hated, a thing to be called, as it was last night, a "dangerous conclave."—(Hear, hear.). The League was now a thing to be opposed by Anti- Leagues, composed of great dukes, and lords, and squires, with a slight sprinkling of auxiliary forces, in the shape of Conservative operative societies. Now, they must examine a little what sort of power this Anti-League was ; they were told, in a boasting way, that if the Anti-Corn-law League could raise a hundred thousand pounds, the.Anti-League could raise two hundred thousand with equal facility. Perhaps they might ; no doubt they had got plenty of money ; it would be very hard indeed if they had not. He dared to say they were rich, because they had had protection for years, because they had compelled the people to buy their goods at high prices. They were rich, and were growing richer; but it was at the ex pense of the community ; and if a stop were not put to their protection, th e y wou ld pu t more money in their pockets, and would become richer, but they would have made the community poor. Of money, therefore, they probably had plenty ; they would probably get up county meetings, because in many counties they possessed such a large extent of land, that they could do pretty nearly as they liked. He had no doubt that they would hold plenty of meetings —some of them in Freemasons' Hall. He wondered that they were not afraid of a word of so ominous a sound as one having " free" in it; it must have re minded them a little of free trade. For his part, he should like to see some of the Anti-League gentlemen here ; it would be better than having all the talk one way. They might state their arguments, and the others might answer them. He was sure they would have a fair hearing.—(Cheers.) He thought it would be much better to have the arguments stated and answered in the same assembly, with fair play, than that each party should have their own meetings, one in Covent-garden, and the other in Freemasons' Hall. They might have their county meetings, their meet ings in Freemasons' Hall, with plenty of Conservative operatives around them to explain the state of the country to them. But he doubted whether, with all these " appliances and means to boot," they would ever be able to get in a year as much influence as the Anti-Corn-law League exercised in a week. And he 'would tell them w hy ; b ecause h e consci entiously believed that the arguments and statements of this League were founded upon truth, and h e believed that the arguments and assertions of the Anti-League, of the agricultural gentlemen, were founded on fallacies. and on unsound reasoning based upon those fallacies, What were the general topics of these Anti-League meetings ? Why, really, to listen to them, or read them, one might fancy they were the speeches and after-dinner talk of the Squire Westerns, described by Fielding 100 years ago. He could hardly believe that they were the speeches of squires and country gentlemen of the nineteenth century. They were filled with nothing but intemperate abuse of the free-traders, calling them villains and ragamuffins, and hinting, in a very country-gentleman-like way, to the listeners, that it would be a very picturesque thing to see an Anti-Corn-law - man stuck up to his chin in a horse-pond. And at these meetings they were not satisfied with attacking the free traders, they mus t a l so s h ow their dissatisfaction with the Government ; for every blow—for every bold, straightforward blow they planted in the breast of the League, they gave an equally sincere back handed slap at Sir Robert Peel. And he would tell them why—though Sir R. Peel was not the best ' possible Minister for the cause of free trade, yet he was a great deal better than his supporters. The language used by the gentlemen of the Anti-League party plainly proved that they had no confidence in him, and that they only supported him from fear of being driven to measures of free trade by a more liberal Ministry. Judging from the language used at these meetings, they might see pretty well what they might expect from these Anti- League gentlemen if they had everything their own way. Let them consider a little the actual state of the country, as it would be under these Anti-League gentlemen ; he was not inclined to set one class against another, or to excite the manufacturers against the f landowners, or say anything that might set the land against trade, because he believed they must both stand and fall together; their interests were so inter woven, that what was bad for one must be bad for the other, and what was good for the one, must ultimately be good for both. But whenever any particular class set itself up especially as the protector of the poor, as the protector of the agricultural labourer, or of the farmer, it was but fair that they should examine a little into what pretences they had to that character. He thought they could see a little what the landed gentry meant by protection to the poor, from the Acts they were constantly getting passed through the Le gislature. At th e p resent moment a Bill was before Parliament, brought in by these friends of agriculture ; it proved pretty clearly what their meaning ofprotection for the poor was ; the measure he alluded to was an Inclosure Bill—an Act for inclosing the -fields and commons of the country, in order, as the landlords said, that more land might be better cultivated, and that this an advantage might be conferred on the poor of the neighbourhood. What was the real state of the case ? There was a very good article on the subject in the Times of yesterday, which stated the case with tolerable fairness, and with a good deal of force. The Bill was brought in by Lord Worsley. He had not a word to say against Lord Worsley ; he was a liberal minded man, and really one of the best of his class. But in this case he thought he was mistaken. In the county of Lincolnshire, with which his Lord ship was connected, and the counties round it, the Bill might be use, because in them there was a great deal of uninclosed land that might be improved ; but for the whole country, the Bill would be a serious evil to the poor who had common rights, and to the public in general who had any advantage from the commons. In a letter in the Times of that morning, some corre spondent asked, why did not some one in the House of Commons prevent the Bill from passing ? He would tell them why. In the House of Commons the landlords had such a majority that it was impossible to prevent any Bill from passing which they chose should pass. With respect to this Inclosure Bill, he remembered opposing Lord 'Worsley on this subject once before, and what was the result of his opposition ? The ut most he could gain was this—that within a certain distance from certain great towns the commons should not be inclosed—that was all. They might see that every year attempts were made to inclose Hampstead heath and Blackheath. The landlords told them it was for the benefit of the poor of the neighbourhood. What benefit would it be to the poor of the neigh bourhood to see Hampstead-heath covered with houses ? The rent-roll of the landlord would be in creased, but the inclosure would be a very bad thing for those who had any benefit from the common right. This was a specimen of what the landlords called pro tection. They said that the protection was not for themselves, but for the poor and the farmer ; their protection in the case of agricultural produce was precisely the sort of protection extended to the poor in the commons. Depend upon it in every in closure it was the rich men of the parish that got the lion's share—the poor man got little or nothing. It was just the sa me w ith t h e l aws relat i ng to the im portation of corn. The real protection was to the prices of the landlord —not in any respect to the comfort or the convenience eitherof the farmer or the farm labourer or the co mmunityn lan g d e l ne d ral. t t l h n short the p rotect i on afforded bye i poor was precisely lik e t h e protection afforde s ded o by e strong nation to a weak one --that is to say r the what a strong nation reaped a ll the advantage , and nd for the weak nation to be excessively grateful it did not get—(Loud cheers)— an d for all which it saw the strong one reaping at its ex p ense, under the generous and disinterested pretence of protecting the weak one. Now they heard a great deal of these Anti-League meetings. He wondered they had the face to repeat the arguments they put forth that the agitation of the League was solely directed to bring ing dow n wages i n th e manu f actur i ng districts. The landlords held up the manufacturers as monsters of cruelty and iniquity—men whose every act was di rected only to lowering wages. Why, the profits of the manufacturer did not depend nearly so much on low wages as on the increased demand for his goods--(Hear, h ear )— an d as f or the work ing man himself, it was notorious that his wages did not depend upon the price of bread—it was re gulated by the supply and demand for his labour. If there were more hands tha n cou ld b e employed the wages diminished. Then let them consider what a difference the corn-laws made in the price of bread to the poor man. When the price of bread was low, he would spend less of his means in the pur chase of bread, and he could apply the remainder in the purchase of other things. By that means he could THE BREAD -FRUIT TREE. A TALE OF THE SANDWICH ISLES. tell you a tale of the Southern Seas; You may laugh at, or cry at—just as you please. Scant was the growth of the bread-fruit tree, In the beautiful Isle of Owhyhee, 'While—the gift of heaven—it richly grew, O'er the sunny fields of Woahoo; And it seemed as Nature had placed these isles, In reach of each other's verdant smiles, That IN hate'er was wanting on either shore, From the other might swift be wafted o'er ; The ‘Voahooan nymphs array'd In trinkets by Owhyheeans made; While Owhyhee well fed should be By Woa.hoo's sweet bread -fruit tree. But alas I even happy isles like these, Rave people upon them called grandees, And, where there are lords, I need not say, Things will go on in a lordly way. Heard you that cry, whose withering sound Saddens the sunny prospect round ? From a million of voices it sings on high, "We starve--we starve!"—their fearful cry Know you what, 'midst such fertile scenes, That awful voice of Famine means ? Oh ! list to Owhyhee There were lords and sou ; .;:es of high dezree, Who in bread-fruit held large property, And of all afflictions, ills, and vices, Thought nothing so dreadful as low prices, Wherefore they held it just and meet, That the world should not too cheaply eat ; Nay, deemed it Radical insolence To wish to diae, at a small expense, That, sw ore, for the sak e o f t h emselves and heirs, mat , ham ~pen what mi g h t w i th other wares, N ° b ..-end should be less dear than their's. vain the Owhyheeans said— Uy Lords, we much respect your bread, But, with all due reverence for your Graces, `We'd rather have cheaper from other places." In vain from the Woahooan shore, Barge. s, filled with bread-fruit, winged them o'er ; was vulgarly- cheap, and taxed must te, Before 'twas fit for good company ; Nor must the poor devils swallow a bit Unless they swallowed a tax with it. ..And what said the Lords of Owhyltee, And 'the Owhyheean squirearchy, In defence of their joint gentility f Why, they said that they, and their sires before 'em, Had shone in the senate, the camp, and quorum, Had all been rich—had managed to get, As became their station, deeply in debt; And thought it hard that men of reading, Which had cost themselves so much in breeding, Should now fall victims to cheap feeding ; Shorn of their beams of wealth and state, To help low fellows to masticate. " How little," said they, " the thoughtless poor Can know what the suffering rich endure ! In bringing up dozens of young grandees, In paying off horrible mortgagees— To say nothing of assignees, lessees, And an endless quantity more of these Llnesy things, that end in ees ! And though,' as honest Figaro says, If a gentleman owes, and never pays, l 'Tis just the same, be it great or small, As if he, in fact, owed nothing at all . Yet, somehow, unless one sometimes pays, Lenders are shy of one, now-a-days." In short, if the bread-tax once was gone, These lords and gentlemen couldn't get on. * Quand, on doit, et qu'on ne paye pas, c'est comme Bi on ne devoit rin. Mr. COLLIER then came forward, and said that nothing but the sense of the necessity and duty of every man coming forward to advocate the question of the corn-law would have induced him, a mere stranger, to appear before them. This was an im portant question, and would be important in the his tory of the country. It was a hard struggle ; but as it was likely to be the last with monopoly, that was not surprising. He was one of a large class in the country who detested agitation; but when circum stances arose to justify it, it became the duty of every. man to agitate.—(Cheers.) He would also address * According to the old arithmetic process of " bringing nobles to ninepence." the reason rather than the fears of Parliament, laws just and equitable; that to show how Mr. Cobden appear that they defended as their right what was tits if he had ever seen anything yielded to reason said one thing in one place, and Mr. Bright or Mr. Fox produce of the people's wrong—if what they really meant which was not backed by agitation.—(Hear, hear.) said a different thing in another, was to prove to defend was the people's money in their pockets—then Philosophers had characterised man by the distinc- that free trade principles were false. The most their defensiveness lost its favourable associations. In tive attribute of reason, but he believed no philoso- trifling inaccuracy was to be made the con- meetings in the country this Anti-League Association pher could be found who made it th e di s ti ngu i s hi n demnation of the League ; a nd if a h a y r i c k was se t h a d genera ll y tenant - farmers i n t h e c h air ; an d to make feature of Parliaments.—(Cheers and T au hter.) fire to it at once sh owe d th a t th e A n ti-C orn -l aw L eague amend for the failure of a Somerset meet i ng at Bristol, g X f was a wicked combi na ti on , an d th a t th e corn -l aws were a s i m il ar meeting was held at Br id gewater i n the logical demonstration, or a consecuti ve c h a i n o rhos- just and ought to be supported.—(Hear, hear.) A same county, and then the tenant-farmer in the chair v • soning, was the last thing w inch affect e d a P ar li a - writer in the Morning Post had produced a greater said that the' farmers of England were capable of com ment. It led to a count-out of the House.— impression on him than most things which he read peting with the farmers of any other country, provided (Laughter.) The powerful speeches of Burke, which in that paper. It was a letter from a Member they only started on fair grounds—that it was hardly would endure as long as the English language existed, of Parliament to the farmers of Essex, who argued fair that the farmers of England should start with a were addressed to empty benches. But when a little not only against importing foreign corn, but said heavy weight upon their shoulders. Now, who, he agitation was mixed with reason, it generally inclined there was danger in growing too much at home asked, laid that weight upon their shoulders but their Parliament to listen to the people. It was thus that the —(Laughter)—for, said he, the more corn produced the own landlords, whom they came forward to screen; and emancipation of the negro, that the R e f orm Bill, an d t h e lower will be the prices. One of the best effort s of th e was i t not to the mem b ers of that League now assembled destruction of Gatton and Old Saru m , h a d b een e ff ecte d . agitation of the League was the sti m ul us it g a v e t o t h ere , to w h om the merit was due of po i nt i ng out w h at agriculture. Meetings were now constantly held, at were the burdens to which the land was subjected? The Sir Robert Peel taunted O'Connell with having ad dressed himself to the Irish people rather than to f vhich some useful Information was promulgated. Pro- tenant-farmer seemed to be put forward on those occa- Parliament. Did Sir Robert Peel believe in his heart e e s s ta so h r u s sh lee ed a , societiesinteres interest in wereit heardsions likesing some u boys .on ~ "Home, sweetmany years ieme ag0,,,, while h e and re th n osew that the eloquence of O'Connell, if addressed to Par- before, seemed now quite alive to its importance. Lord the masterfi a x p ed r his y kn P uckles harshly into the poorurchin's liament would produce the slightest effect, or be at- Stanley and Sir Robert Peel condescended to address head, " School, sweet school, there is no place like school." tended with the smallest benefit ?—(Hear, hear)—or the farmers on the necessity of improving the system of The tenant-farmer in like manner now sung aloud—"Pro that any one grievance of the unfortunate sister king- agriculture, and the men of Tamworth were indebted tection, sweet protection, there is nothing likeprotectiom" dom would be redressed—(Renewed cries of " Hear, for the League for that incomparable bull.—(G rea t Th en, i n ad di t i on to the tenant-farmer, there came a hear")—if he had not been back e d b y t h e I r i s h na - laughter.) The writer in the Morning Post would say miller to the rescue, and great stress was laid, in some of tion ? Would Mr. Cobden or Mr. Bright, if they had to the man who depended an acre of land near a city on the newspapers, both metropolitan and provincial, upon which that cityp for bread—Only farm half the opinions of a Mr. Bid ell , who was described as the been addressing Parliament for three years have ob- that acre and you will double your price for the largest corn-dealer in the West of England. His testi tained as many votes ?—(Hear, hear.) Would those produce—consult your own interest even if the citizens many was to the effect that, striking the average of the arguments have been listened to which were so ap- starve. Such were his tenets. The League had been prices of wheat at Odessa, Alexandria, and other places, preciated by millions of their fellow-countrymen ? accused of being revolutionary, but it suchand • ' revolutionary, The aristocracy and squirearchy of this country ma- such legislation that were making the people become so. per imperial bushel, and that included freight and other nifested a predilection for everything rotten and ex- The exclusive and heartless monopolists were the real expenses of importation, except the duty ; and this elusive in its nature and tendency, and a dislike for and sole revolutionists.—(Hear, hear.) The way to miller said that the plain question was, could they grow that which was sound, reasonable, andliberal.—(Hear, make men revolutionary was to starve them. wheat at such a price as that? and that he defied them hear.) They . had the declaration of Lord John There was yet another class of adversaries who to produce wheat in sufficient quantities to keep out the Russell, if, indeed, any declaration were needed formed the extreme rear of the party of which the American farmer, who could send over more agricul on so plain a subject, that th e oppos i t i on to redoubtable P o st was th e l ea d er . Th e y wou ld carr y tura l pro d uce to this country than England could out exclusion to the utmost, an d se t cus t omers a g a in s t grow . I t t h us appeared, from this gentleman ' s a repeal of the corn-laws was groun d e d upon sordid, tradesmen, in the w ar o f mono p o ly. If th ey l oo k e d a t statement, that the difference in the price of the selfish, and interested motives. He (Mr. 'Collier) the state of Europe and the civilised world, they would quarter of wheat which the corn laws made was 255. ; believed, from his heart, that the landlord class was find that those countries which were the most exclusive thus the landlords taxed/ them to that extent. No mistaking its true advantage—that they did not see in their dealings cont a i ne d th e poorest population—that stateme n t p u t f orwar d b y th e o p ponents o f t h ose land their true interests—and forg o t that commerce was those which espoused and encouraged free trade the lords had ever charged them with a more enormous the greatest of all the fertilisers of the earth.—(Loud most prosperous. Look at Switzerland, with a popular imposition than this defence which was set forth in their cheers.) The agriculturists imported bone-dust and tion the most industrious, and a commerce the most un- behalf. Why, if they had done this, they had levied, guano for manure, but commerce it was which made restricted, the most independent and happy. After taking the average income of the population of England prosperity out of barrenness which produced a some further observations the speaker said it was im- as was stated by Mr. M'Culloch, at 171. per annum, they Manchester and a Liverpool.—(Renewed cheering.) possible the country could remain as it was. Our had levied a poll-tax of 205., an income tax on that Did Manchester and Liverpool add nothing to the present protective system was the great bar to beneficial average income of 6/. per annum, three per cent. for value of land ? H a d no t th e ren t s i n L ancash i re in treaties with America, B raz il, an d o th er coun t r i es w i t h Si r Ro b ert Peel and the Government, three per cent: for whom a free t ra d e wou ld b e most a d vantageous. the landlords and the corn-laws.—(Hear, hear.) not creased t continue to increase, thou two-fold within fifty y ears , an d wou ld the These .d countries would be alienat e d from us if we A n d t h ey h a d lev i ed this as a poll-tax press gh corn were 3 fift y not alter our policy. But when he reflected i ng more h eav il y t h e lower you descended shillings a quarter ?—([fear, hear.) Was it r d not upon the admirable organisation of the League—the in society, until at last it made its invasion upon those commerce which made thriving cities and wealth, intelligence, perseverance, and character of its necessaries which were essential to the very support of a comfortable pop u l a ti on ? W as i t not t h e source members, when he considered what the feelings of the existence. This was their defence. This their defence! of high rents, and demand for labour and its great body of the people r ea lly were , w h en h e witnessed Good heavens ! what, then, would they regard as an ac produce ? And was not monopoly the reverse ? such assemblages as those in Covent-garden Theatre, he cusation ?—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) And when was Did it not make populous villages uninhabited, and could not allow himself to believe that a petty monopo- it that this was done ? Under what circumstances ? prevent the flow o f p rosper it y ? W as not i ts progress list class, tho ug h coun ti ng i n i ts ran k s some gau dy Wh y at a time when the price of food not being so inor coronets and titled legisl a t o r s , a nd su pp or t e d by an un- di nate l y hi g h as it formerly had been—when there had attended with m i sery , an d did not t h e tears of the people atte s t it ?—(H ear, h ear. ) Th e l andlord seemed principled Minist r y, an d a ty rann i ca l P ar li amen t ar y ma - b een a rev i val in manufactures to a certain extent, altogether un acqua i n t e d w i t h th e commonest jority, would be suff ere d t o wor k ou t th e ru in of their enoug h to b e the subject of boast by those who wished prin- country.—(Loud and prolonged cheers.) to uphold th e course o f monopo l y — w h en yet un d er ciples of politic a l economy . It was a very dry, in- Air W. J. Fox then c a m e forward, and was received these f avoura bl e c i rcumstances they could not take up a much cheerin • sipid study very tedious, and its application p er h aps with • • said g. He there had been many daily paper without seeing something about destitution • very painful —(Laughter.) Aristotle had not k nown a ll us i ons made that evening, some most felicitous ones, in the metropolis, enough to wring any compas the science, and therefore political economy was little to the associations which were forming in different parts sionate heart.—(Hear, hear.) Why within the last taught in our universities. The agriculturists h a d of the country, and which were to have their central two days, they had read that the Bank of ! instituted several societies, but the most useful so- Anti-League in the metropolis. Bnt in those allusions one England, the East India Company, the worshipful ciety of any they could form would be one for the particular view had not been taken, orbe en but very slightly Company of Mercers, and the worshipful Company of i diffusion of the principles of political economy amonc„ glanced at, and which to his apprehension was the most im- Grocers, had, during the last week, each subscribed the fortant in which those associations could be contemplated. liberal sum of 200/. in aid of the funds of the Bishop of the landlords.—(Loud cheers.) The people of England n those Anti-League Associations he saw one of the London's association for visiting and relieving the poor had tolerated monopoly too long, but they would not most perfect triumphs that the League had achieved— at their own dwellings.—(Hear, hear.) The gross patiently starve.— (Hear, hear.) Their ancestors one of the m os t remar k a bl e in d icat i ons o f its rap id an d amount su b scr i bed to this association had now reached s would not tolerat e mono p o lies. (Gre a t cheer- uccessful progress.—(Hear, hear.) For what were 20 000/., little enough for the; purpose for which it w as ing.) They th emse l ves wou ld no t t o l era t e monopoly they ? They confessed that the public were those that intended. At the same ti me an institution at Mile-end under that nam e . Th ey b ore it b ecause it was s h e l- must decide the great question at last. They conceded reported to its subscribers that 3,500 persons had been thered under th e i mposing appe ll a ti on o f a p ro t ec ti ve t h at even Parliament was not the ultimate tribunal, but visited at their homes, and that there were 5.000 more to duty. But m ono p o l y h a d seen it s b es t d ays . Th e th ere was a greater power which was to be conciliated be visited, and, if possible, to be relieved if ' the Society meetings of the League in Covent-garden and else- by persuasion —by the semblance at least of facts and could obtain funds equal to the emergency. And, with where, were spreading far and wide the principles of' arguments.—(Hear, hear.) In those associations they all this going on, they were told, as the defence of the common sense and it wa s hi g h time for the monop o - had dragged th e l an d e d ar i stocracy of Great Br i ta i n corn-laws, that they cost a larger sum annually than was lists " to put th e i r h ouse i n or d er ."—(L ou d c h eers. ) to h the bar of p u bli c opinion, and made them plead in needed t o re li eve t hi s d est i tut i on . Al t h oug h h e would not Sixty years ag o Ad am S m ith h a d d emons t ra t e d th e all rod ed to the own defence. theirl te resolutions and speeches, willi ng ly consent to any compromise whoever on this principles of p o liti ca l economy in his immortal work addressed ? ancient titles that h a d Ne uh scen ic de e d ar, alm th e o st se fr in e h m er t i h t e or N s e o r- f m r o e m m e is n e to w u h s ie q h uestio h n t , yet ke th t e h re was one fo l r f m th o e f hcom and since those p r i nc i p l es h a d b een d eve l o p e d an d man Conquest—those Lords of Parliament and pos- p which was doled m out b m p a oorhoi e rses pa a u n s d e b • y charities re i d f proved in a manne r t o conv i nce the most o b s ti na t e o f sessors of the broad lands of Great Britain, with all the bread of the working classes—if the bread that was philosophers, and Mr. Baring himself—(Laughter their pomp and station' of office—those patrons of cler- needed to feed those who made up the various items in and cheers.) The attentions of the people had been gymen and supporters, or deemed so, of whatever was the great total of destitution—if that could be brought diverted to a th ousan d ques ti ons o f muc h l ess r i c h an d gran d an d l ove l y i n art an d sc i ence — t hi s into the country free of all duty, he should then say, import, and monopoly had been overlooked, great and proud body were obliged to confess that that they might well pause and think whether in this and was suff e r e d s il en tl y t o p re y upon t h e it was put upon its defence—that an indictment concess i on t h ere were not something that had a claim had been found ag a in s t it, an d that it must answer for on the consideration of humanity. As it was, there best interests of the country. The land its doings to the public—that it must plead where " not was no relaxation of the gripe on the plea of charity. owners, narrow-sighted and selfish, were framing gu l ilt l y upon my honour" would not be adm h itted- . --where B Out of the 20,000/. which had been collected by the laws for their own exclusive' advantage. They had converted the foreign ploughman into a manufac- andv ai( whetherarg u m e andtnhtat casesub s tan desiredti a lfa c ts n e m r a u l t reprobationse‘-tscaseer, in shg e 's associatipn if the relief of . destitution metropolis, It it were all given away turer, because we shut out his corn. Their ore 7 titcouldthey • general than bring the in , p i a not. at raised the mill and the factory abroad where the matter to that issue ? They had now the monopolist sum than 6,000/. as bread-tax, to go into the ploughshare would have run—they had sown dragon's aristooracy where they always wished to find them— pockets of the landed aristocracy.—(Cheers.) They teeth all over the Continent—and those who would where they must submit to certain awkward cress-ques- could not disentangle them .; they could not s ub scr ib e have been now usef u l friends became our enemies, tioning, like other persons who had to hold up their hands to th e one , an d no t subscribe to the other. They were and successful rivals.—(Hear, hear.) All this the at the bar where former deeds and doings might be can- really giving their shillings and their pence in this vassed, andvvhere the question might beput to them which charity to the nobility of the country.--(Cheers.) For country quietly endured, until at length it had a suer vassed, so awkward to many personages at the bar —pray, every fourteen-pence that they subscribed for the cession of bad harvests—then the eves of the people were you ever in trouble before?—(Cheersandla,ughter) farthing shirt-makers of the metropolis, they gave six" were opened, and it was found that the population had and whether they had been or not, unless they got well pence to the Duke of Buckingham.—(Hear, hear.) for twenty years been increasing at the rate of a thou- through oriftei i r t, o t b h s e tT would be very d likely be in trouble again; liVretched, indeed, must the cause be when the articles sand a day, and that no precaution had been taken to crevent a e tim ju e stice i l am e d the h sp n eed of the defence let them into such a scene as this, and raise food for them. The discontent arose, and the cry settlement of thisou v th e the t showed the splendour of ducal palaces, rendered more of hunger went forth—the people, rendered , desperate by question would be questio n, enlarge and indemnity c cme F h o e rgcoiisbytaxation on the food that was doled out to their wretched condition, and exasperated at the con- would be coupled with security for the future.—(Cheers.) neighbouringinfringements workhouse.—(Cheers.) Men who duct of their aristocracy, rose up against the law and One must look with charity on the exertions that were made such their on what were deemed the became a prey to the demagogue. The demon of made in a new sphere, and he would, in all friendliness, r ights of fellow subjects should bethink themselves Chartism found its votaries and its victims. These as one who murt have seen something more of popular when they came to plead their cause, and when they things caused any man to think an d f ee l . Th e enor- agitation th an many o f t h e t i t l e d personages who were ask e d, if no t f or j ust i ce, for mercy,' in the court of mous distress of a country destined by nature to be now engaging in it—he would suggest some matters that public opinion ; they should look well to it how the most flourishing in the world was found to re- might be worthy of their consideration ; one especially, they doled out justice and mercy to others. They suit from this gigantic error in legislation—the en- which he was, that they should take care not to underrate excused not ignorance of the law in those upon whom t understandings of the public to the extent to which the law laid its iron hand—they excused not, on the couragement of monopoly.—(Hear, hear.) At thisthey seemed disposed —no, not of any class whatsoever ground of the small value of the thing taken, the attempt ....cili , , crisis the members of the Anti-Corn-la wLeague of the people of this country. If they had not the to take • . it, if it was connected with their -property or SPORTING INTELLIG l'i doll commenced they labours—they went forth among the advantage • • • of instruction in Latin, Greek, and mathe- their pleasures. It was only three or tour days ago that COVENTRY RACES. , 4 0 0 1 4 0 people as the apostles of free trade, they pointed mattes, by college tutors, yet they had eyes, and the papers reported a case of poaching at the tt , - ' pe y se The Craven Trial Stakes of 10 sovs. e ach, antL. _ allv out most clearly the causes of the distress, and unequi- ears, and rains,b and were not so easily imposed upon as sions ' in ' at Ashby-de-la-Zouch, which three men were three yrs 0-t and four yrs, Bst 71b ; mares, 06 •"" , t vocally demonstrated . the faults of our commercial po- some might seem to think, by that species of logic or charged with having used a net on Sunda not havins., 31bs - Once' 1' ' d anda distance. (8 subs.),. n . e ecigi 0 . licy. They showed that the principles of political rhetoric which was called "humbug."—(Laughter.) At a game certificate. This was the offence. y, It was put ' Mr. St • ebbhia,"s r & l l a este, 3 yrs .. . .................. ..-C''': ~•'' S economy which should be the basis of legislation can- the last meeting of the Anti-League, a paper had been into four charges. They were first charged with having Mr. Ongley's Queen of the Gipsies, 4 yrs - ........ ....1, not be violated with impunity. Those comprehensive distributed by thousands, which showed a total dis- the net, they were then charged with doing this on a Sir C. Cockerell's Aurungzebe, 4 yrs ... .................... 4 o , r regard of the intellect of the working people. This Sunday, they were next charged with a trespass in pur- The following also ran :—Mr. Raworth's Y i er ric p a I'll' . and philanthropic principles were rescued from the Lord Warwick's The Mule, 3 yrs—Mr. C 0 1, 6,7 _ A 6t .. ,, , ' P was stated to have been printed at the Church and suit of game, and lastly they were charged with an as one, of the book-shelf; and spread before the face 3 srrs—and Mr. Balchin's Moustache s , t 3 Q Y ti ` eess an' ir k State that office. He would read a few passages sault on the gamekeeper. These three men were dealt of the nation—they were laid down in Parliament. Betting --3 to 1 asst Venus, sto 2 g from paper, as specimens of the manner in which with in a summary mode by the magistrates, themselves a-- the last ti ll? The advocates of free trade inquired if they were re- those young agitators proceeded—of the manner in perhaps interested in this verT s• case. hey were asst Celeste. Venus made running to e , e Celeste went up, and won a most exciting race h, Pace 00, futable, and if not refutable why should they not be which these newly-fledged demagogues entered upon their sentenced to a fine df five pounds for three a head separating the second and third. The pa' 71b1 Ils t $ acted upon ?—(Loud and prolonged cheering.) Those novel functions. The paper was headed "Facts are offences out of the four, and of two pounds each for Match, 100 sows.—Mr. Westley's Councillor,r„ 0 ,1 advocates were answered by the supercilious sneer of stubborn things," and then, after mentioning what the the remaining offence and i ,ndefault of . payment to two beat Mr. Dexter's Tamworth aged (Owne ),, ermsil 1- • 1 a Parliament which mocks rather than represents census of the United Kingdom was in 1831, it stated that and three months' imprisonment, making in all a sum- Handicap of 10 sous. each, II tt, and 30 adueu- the nation.—(Hear, hear, and great applause.) He seven-ninths of the population are dependent upon agri- mary levying of a fine of 50/. or tea months' imprison- half. (10 subs., 2 paid.) , s i v lin .s g 0. rejoiced that the squirearchy had fairly hunted Sir culture, and two-ninths upon manufactures. Why it ment for each of these three men. If such were the Sir C. Cockerell's Aurungzebe, 4 yrs, S'st 21b yi lite boapak must occur to every weaver that entered the righteous measure of punishment for desiring to taste a Mr. Buckley's David, 5 yrs, Bst llst ..... ~(1 1 ) no. le y '_s jjsk, H. Peel out of his cover of generalities, and that the Freemasons' Hall at that meeting, that the whole of rich man's bread, what should be the measure of punish- The following were not placed—Hon. Gr. Iles f.......!;-10•4:0 now knew what they might expect from him. lie 111b—Mr. Dan's Jack, 5 yi•s, 7 s t , TO file Ireland was included in that scale of agricultural popu- . ment for takina by wholesale the poor man's bread ? 6 Yrs ' 7st was glad to see that Peel had nailed his colours to the lotion. But let them take it on that ground, and what —(lmmensecheerio . . g. The enalties in th P at case 1 fod's Pickwick, aged, 7st 71b, and Mr. Moore s , -le ist 61b. Won by a head. A fine race. A On et which - mast of protection, w was fixed in the rotten business had the monopolists to talk ofthe agricultural thought ou ht not to be less h ~ g . would eavy than those penalties The City Stakes of 5 sous. each, and 20 addea. , I vessel of ex pediency.—(Great cheers.) The declara- interest ; for Ireland had pronounced in their (the legally incurred, which not fall on the parties and a half. (7 subs.) thsysaf ) ; tion of the Prime Minister would fairly divide the League's) favour, and had re-echoed to their sympathy who incurred them by betting h s ~ 1 , a,- .. 0 , country into two parties, and it could be fully aster- on a very recent occasion, declaring that they were heart hear, and cheers)—for penaltiesondidornee-trarccease—h (litheoar, Ir. C. e c v e ilk er E e s i yi s )p io 4 b s e .r 3 s ........................ l- , ..., ii; ; 0 , co, tamed on what ground those parties took their stand. and soul with them in their cause. They should not who were described by one of the Members of their own ae The following were not placed ...... Flintoii.V OW We free traders contended for unlimited freedom of enter upon the perilous subject of Ireland and the agri- senate as " gentlemen whom this House would not 4 yrs—Mr. Walter's Major, 5 yrs—Mr. Raw' gent importation, because the difference between our ex- cultural monopolist interest there. In that country there wish to see con victed.—(Laughter.) There was another aged—Mr. Parker's Akely, 4 yrs.—A good race. l ~,b., ,- ports and the imports from our foreign neighbours was a soil which seemed to grow landlords like potatoes. caution which he would give their fellow-agitators and The Silver Cup, added to a Handicap of 3so ' 8 •" -- . oc it , 2 miles. ival l ‘ eci oll The poor labourer there, after he liad in vain ended- conspirators in their new attempt, and that was to avoid I formed the wealth of the country, and as this system ....... 2 of land, squeeze b a rental out of his own potatoe patch such exhibitions as the one which took . place the other 11 . ,A ie D i a i N u a r s d 's le Fc t k a l i : e , s 5 d •Ts ......... il . ...... i 5 ;coed. .... , 00 0 I; of free trade advanced the prosperity of the country to se c e o k me a t i o e this m country in the lowest day at the meeting of the Newton Abbot Agricultural Mr. Wesley's Councillo s r, s ry 's ;s eae . each, and ,V i . i. ,11) . increased. We therefore were for adding to the wealth stage of w dis e tresigsedtoSociety.. This was not an agricultural meetin. It was Mr W. Ekins's Peter Simple, aged, .............. k of the country for the urpose of providing for an Another of these facts alleged by monopolistst e h a e llaei.subsistence. was, neither more nor less than an annual ploughing match. 0 0 :fo r il increasing population. Their adversaries would pre- that every quarter of wheat introduced into this conntr The ' ' y high-sheriff of the county was present; a peer, 'and on jos ii of vent the wealth of the country from increasing in superseded just as much labour as would be required to some members of the Lower House were also present. A most atrocious murder was committed order that what existed might be unfairly divided. produce it at home. Surely that depended upon how it There were thirty-nine ploughs in the field, they . day night last, near Gore's-bridge. It appear s gres,.. a si bli ' The principles for which the League contended could came tobeoduced into the country. There must be told, to contest the various prizes; and an:longst other"ere Kelly, an industrious farmer, sold on that del S'S 5 u1d,;03 1 .1: some . feasibility . in the statement if the land grew fair of Bennett's-bridge, in the county Kilkenn,,,,e, p not be reasonably opposed—they were maintained by such things, there was on the ground a waggon surmounted quantities of food that every individual in every locality with flags, one of which was protection to agriculture,return home he was waylaid, near Gore's hrlub . t yl 04. if the most eminent writers—byteh greatest statesmen, murdered, and robbed —C / Sentinel had as much as he could consume; but whilst there were ' and on each side of this waggon there were three can- W tto learn ." r his R val Oig hli a d I t ( a the most sagacious politicians, and the wisest philoso- millions, as it was called, rejoicing in potatoes — whilstnons.—(Hear, tf hear.) Such might be the ultimate argu- Dukeeefrecgarmehride is seon t fi a n t edto h lil i , Cham ber, - o r> ' , • phers—they were supported by all the living talent there were multitudes of beings able andwilling to work of the day—by reviews, magazines, and newspapers, but had no means of earning food, it was a galling, s nn e e v n er s ei o . mono ltm pns l t t s, bees at the were said to be of anticipated he 41 be so for some days, bi re° ' f ell present moment, were in short by every man of sense in the kingdom, but cruel, and insulting falsehood to the honest man to there n g o n t a such things g as muskets, ae severe attack of the gout in the knee-joint. a o o at i c a h n t n a o n n d s , and . bayonets Mr. BEIJLER'S CONCERT.—This gen tlel2l ll l l '. o iitfr c ol , . they were opposed—by who or what think you ?—hy broach such doctrines. Another of those facts was, that in the country, that the delay of r the Morning Post—(Laughter.) Yes, by the in Russia land could be rented at 15d. per acre, and that not be continued so obstinatly as it was. justiceßut would known for the songs he has produced, full of oritT u a col" . Morning Post, and he must say that the articles in labourers' wages were sd. per day. Was not this a said it was not prudent in thirt a thousand still f he people— or descriptive of English customs, will give his an so lsO t i s e at the Crown and Anchor on Monday re,elt„ ce ialllal 1 ; that paper advocating protection to agriculture Paltry thing to tell the working men of London, and the the owners of land amounted to Y no more—even though fidently trust that the " farmers' friends, e r a nd s - son tenant-farmers, and the agricultural labourers through- the rest of al attend, sisli_,o. were really the most melancholy indications of the the country might be taxed for the purpose in the neighLeurhood of Aylesbury, wa a out the country ? Why, there were many of them who of paying soldiers to fire 'artillery it t the " t Warm- ea teri - te • was no song, The Man that could not ge . , pi A 6 retrograde movement of the human intellect. It was ould deem • 3r, • • • it no great mischief if the land was rented prudent in the thousands to remind the millions see it in the excellent selection for the evenin i f id b e. pls as not very likely that the Post would survive, except as at 15d. • d per acre instead of from 18s. to 30s per of any such contest as this.—(Hear, hear.) ment, but if any of Sir R. Peel's kind friends slit? . ma tl e 7ll a covering for books, or a lining for trunks—(Laugh- acre. It would be just as fertile, and not . less They had better weapons than all the cannon which and wish to hear the song that created so In u u,c,_' ol . will ;or e ter)—but should a copy of that journal by any possibi- profitable to the condition of the labourers in En g- couldfilds ofbe mustered, whether in ploughing fields or in a , Farmers' e Club in Buckinghamshire, the e . _ e a . tn iur. 00 01 lity reach the historian in future ages, it might sadly land if, as in Prussia, he could earn the rent g battle. Cheers. There were arms which til b gsiovineg excellent t in e l l h a i i s t ow . n p e e r c s ubar 1 for at occ as ,.., 1 , 1° 0 1 4;1 1 olf mislead him as to the present state of knowledge. of two acres of land in the course of a - week. Another swords e eould engaged no t t e reach aainst which military maneeu sxyho has l no equal in villi Irish " gif. How could such stupid fallacies be but forth after the fact was, that the agricultural wages in England were vies were others, Morgan, are q a u d i asit harmless. through There was e a power in true pathos and native character. W e Will l ee 4 6 e , writings of such men as Adam Smith, Ricardo, and regulated by the price of wheat, the value of a day's la- societ y , tm h o t sip)hcre blachree" and " St. Patrick's Day." Mr ni S i P t c, "C ° l ll o 1 M‘Culloch ? Why such articles should have been bout being equal to a peck of wheat for the last hundred they breathed, and which we a r n e 'electric tou t ch n t i l i m "The Star , o , f Glengary;" Mrs. Arcing ' d O'Toole.. a iiiii..t. written a century before the existence of such Years, and and that was, in the face of recorded wages, down, to work with a power which nothing could re r s l i n sf, men, and the historian might charitably ac- the price p t r h ic e e of wheat; eat; which showed to the farm labourer whatever its array of antique state, or its boast of physical co y wages were measured by the price e ur s s e e r o ar ihe an e d ven ay. Crouch / Y fantasia ‘‘ T on the Con C e ll pe r i d ng s a . k and imitations _ ~‘ of power. They had appealed to that, and he would ad- given by Mr. Alfrc sedgwic , count for them by a chronological mistake. wheat, varying wee from 635. to 965. er p quarter; and which vise them all to mark the symptoms of public opinion. actors by Mr. Leman Rede. I 13 ' im s or c i l tot They should be bound up with a volume of Punch as showed to the a • rtisan that the wages he earned were ex- Let them watch the indications of the way the tide was [ADVERTISEMENT.]—WONDERFUL ri m No_ ~ ber t. f rl i an antidote. The Morning Post supports the exploded actly the same when wheat was even 52s doctrine of expediency, and sacrifice of great principles and when it was 105 s. per quarter. It we . ul p d er n q ev u e a r rte d r o , flowing. Let them ask where the conversions were. It Lao BY HOLLOWAY'S PILLS AND OIN TMENI% ;jackIP7 O OIW o w h a e s re re h m ad ar n k e e t d h b e y en o a ne si o n f the seakers that evening that ,a ia liatter, residing at 53, Collingwoot n tr s e , e e l" _' end s u gl i, fo r s , to selfish opinions, and the welfare of the many to the to deceive the working classes of the country. This t interests of the few.—(Hear, hear.) No two of the might be called, and it was, to a certain extent a middle House of Commons. Had g e there conversionbsingleeenatofree trade in the I d _ lf , t f o ur o lev a e n nzar o s n , d e re w adf as ul tl u v l i e c e e ra in au ;,'; g ri p t i al tel er te; s c ? onversion ca adversaries of free trade were agreed. One said agri- class agitation, and he was sorry there .should be any re- to monopoly out of the House of Com period of nine months, and at St. Thomasfs t o yet,Zse culture should be protected on account of the exclu- d uction of the unanimity of the working classes in its hear, and c eers.) Did they not find, 111 1 eonk• (Hear, months, without being able to meet with a c c t i ll ) , tha o ` ~ 0 every other means had failed, he was e er e we ll kT ) b otT sive heavy burdens which were borne by it, but they favour, andbecause it was pre-eminently their goes- ranks of monopoly, that from week to week refused ko accede to the motion of Mr. Ward for in- t n ion t i lee more deeply than any other rank or class name was announced, all coming from the monopolist fresh invaluable medicines. This man's_orca..saodoa a _ or l:%; quiry into those burdens.—(Hear, hear.) Another the i rights of i i i n n d it u y st rwas wh th ie e i i i r th c e oncern in had a b ss e e e rting camp, all giving in their adhesion successi vel 0 1 i f e workedh arlCharlotte-street, t;e during thirteen 3i alr i y; s a_r r s o , a t d._ iu r Sold at 1:1".,c100;10.0 asserted that protection should exist to enable them determined in making y . ' But, however Leaguethe mi h t reurseot to . the .e cause as of free trade, showing that th y e lowa 's establishment, 244, Strand ( w here rn a_c i T ipei v: - ,14 4 to pay the taxes. There could not be a more stupid any reduction of their support, he thought y it became g fhat not t ni eb n h w that flowing on like the tide ; that it could had ratis), and by almost all respectabl?, _e x al ts ,t or palpable absurdity than this. If, for exampl -e, meeting—the British people and the aristocracy espe- the attainment; its o resistless course could only end in throughout the civilised world, in pots and u u 9d., 4s. 6d., I Is., 225., and 335. each. two object.—(Cheers.) Or let them 2s * two million quar t ers o f corn were i mpor t e d at a os. ciaily—to render that respect which was due to the cha- mark, in another direction, the result of calling any 914 duty, 500,0001. went to the revenue; but if twenty mil- ratter and intellect of the working people of Great Bri- • meeting that was open to oast all comers.—(Hear, hear, and BIRTHS. %a B. Jo lion quarters were in the country the price of each of fain. The working classes had, perhaps, been too cheers.) Let them Da vid vfeaff grow wise by the experience of all On the 23d ult., at Nice, the lady of of ''''' these was raised by 55., and 5,000,000/. went to the land- impatient and unscrupulous in their means of attaining fSomersetshir le ; et them add to that the experience re- of a son. Suffolk, the l ad ' ? 0 lords. Well may we say remit to us the 5,000,000/. and political rights. They, perhaps, had been too impatient .centl ' y gamed at Freemasons' liall.—(Hear hear and On the Ist inst., at Be ton, the we will raise the 500,000/.—(Hear.) A third supporter of being a slave class, as they wished to realise what cheers.) . , f daughter. , n • star , artf They dared not, he believed, in any Leheup Cocksedge, Esq., of a Abingdon-street, West in- ie, of the corn-laws said it was the labourers' question—viz., was called the great maxim of the Constitution—that On the . 4th it., in , Abingdon; that dear bread was good for the labourers. The agricul- no one should be taxed without his own consent. That p o the country give fair play, and have still born ' ill asis Con" • of John Tidd Pratt,l Esq.,.of a so, lady of . 06; open meetings. Nay, they dare not even call turists were one-third of the population of the kingdom. might have been a blunder ; but there was somethin On the 4th inst., at Clifton, the w ne-P I open agricultural meetings, nor trust the tenant They had been more, and had not increased for the last truthful, honourable, and praiseworthy in it, while their g farmers Esq., of a daughter. of La usti°_ _ .. ,,../ with twenty years. The agriculturist s seemed to act on the prin- indomitable energy worked from week to week, and ' the expression of different opinions on this ques- On the sth inst., Mrs. Jones Spyer, ciples of Miss Martineau and Malthus, but in reality it from year to year, and their teachability progressed in tion of free trade or monopoly.—(Cheers.) And if they Brunswick-square, of a son. ------- l iner . was manufactures and commerce w hich gave employ- the acquirement of knowledge within their reach. Th talked of Parliament let them mark the course of opi- Po m. MARRIED. es lglote- ey nion in reference to the Legislature. Let them note the Storehouse, antis .. to C meat to the surplus population. There was still an- were strong of arm and sound of head —true of hearOn * • the 2d !fist., at al marine. , other class more sincere in their arguments — he alluded deserving of the sympathy and respect of the landed, and silence of Parliament on a subject on which nobody 1 an d borne; First Lieutenant in the Boy .„,, to the Knatchbulls, who grounded their arguments for tocracy. B u t t o return, they had the aristocracy at the b ou of Parliament was silent. Let them see youngest daughter of Matthew Wiggins, Ems' flag et protection on mortgages and marriage settlements— o f p u bli c opi n i on in a position which they called bar the contrast which that House presented, and DIED. a.. D offs d (Hear and laughter)—but this position had been speedily self-defence. There was perhaps something skilful • one of which was only to be accounted for on the supposition On the 2d inst., in St. J a mes's-squa re ' 50 1 abandoned, and the argumentquickly dropped, the word self-defence, because men ntl g' in that those who wished to uphold the present system felt tbe was a ura ly inclined to that least said was soonest mended, and that they were Countess of Beauchamp. s a lter Jalu es ' though obstinately act -- ( 1 e upon. They a ah d 1 tely hit look favourably upon those who merely defended them- On the 4th inst in the Strand, Vi' a l by no means in the way of securing popularity by being . e . r age d 7.1 00t ha upon a new and seemingly fertile mine of argument— solves. But when on the defensive they son of Richard Twining jun., 'so., must submit to reported to say anything in favour of monopoly.— ' OY ° ill t " MU 119 a n d the abuse of the Anti-Corn-law Lea ( gue.— Laughter.) the question—What was that which they defended ?H 1 ( ear, hear, and laughter.) Let them note, too, the London: Printed and Published bY N th 7 r 5 . .,,ts They appeared to consider, that to convict the League Why the thief in the street acted on the defensive when way in which the mention of the Legislature• r ceived No 112, Strand, at The Sunoface , --°' 110• was received h 7, Marc of the slightest inconsistency, the corn- was to prove lie knocked down the man whom he robbed , if it should in public meetings all oyer the country. lie had never County of Middlesex, Thursday,' a the air been present on any occasion, however gr e tance, on which the announcement of the det L e nr estv of the League not to petition any more tu e House of Commons, was not received W ith re s vi c s th acclamations.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) •" d MO! a wholesome or a safe state of things for thoOn 00! in a country were government, if it existed 0 .0 0 be based on opinion ? There could be no het; se° ll , the mind of every lover:of his country, but that, 74 , as possible, this division of feeling should be, 170004 should be remedied, in the only way in which lt. tio teli be remedied. by the concession of the claims deep, of charity, and of policy, of that which was tint* by the advocates of free trade.—(Cheers,) gene, tbe on the ground now taken by their apponents, h e at re witit were content to rest the que.,tion in future, W re ,„"Wig them (continued the Hon. Gentleman we nt, them to opinion, and, as they hare appealed hem to its opinion they must abide. We go with„.h. is 111 , 1 , opinion; the ruler of the world—opinion, wn."'"-p eat breath of the body politic, without which, it soo, o r in the death of despotism, or becomes a mass of ton —opinion, which anticipates the the praln 0 history, which glorifies those whom unjust cf.7o) may . condemn—(Loud . and long-continued ai,,c-ro,„ —opinion, which, while it could irradiate the dtie struck the cold apprehension into the boson:11°1 powerful sophist, that in history he may find 0110 damned to everlasting infamy—opinion, wh ich b . i fbir ) worth to whatever is most highly prized , without 01 the crown is but gold and velvet, and coronets' mitres, anil Georges, as worth just as much as tli n e f o lotif t fetch at a pawnbroker's—(Great laughter)-4. .r n ieot, which as it refei"s to the great elementary Prill a agr truth and justice, rarely, if ever, fails—to Ivin c Sta nd poly has appealed—hs , which monopoly must 001 fall—which has already, Vd does now, i n a r ,„d voice, pronounce the corn-litw=": a false, paltrY , Ziersteo fraud—an -atrocious crime, that Ought to be 9b , fore st for ever from the statute book of tht s coun try. cheering, r which lasted for several seco.Tid s. ) The meeting then separated. COURT CIRCULAR. the The Queen and Prince Albert walked in Gardens of Buckingham Palace yesterday mots •vte is' Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucesto her Majesty yesterday afternoon. His Royal Highness Prince Albert rode 001 11 00 4 back yesterday, attended by Sir Edward • 10 Equerry in Waiting. Their Royal Highness es th e P r ince of Wales in 0 1 Princess Royal wer e t a k en an a i r ing yesterd 9 royal gardens. neaW G re - Tile Right Hon. John Nicholl, Judge A d°— Os' neral, had an audience of the Queen yesterday, ng„orts' mitted to her Majesty the proceedings of so me martial. a l gig! ' The Duchess of Cambridge visited her 80% 01.; ness the Duchess of Gloucester. on Tuesday , s ' • cester-house. 50 51 0 Mr. Wickham, Chairman of the Stamps au heti had an interview with the Chancellor of the Bi(estrtier yesterday, at his official residence in Downier jpter Mr. Dean, Chairman of the Customs, had also an view with the Right Hon. Gentleman yesterdef;oBl Lord Bloomfield had an interview with Lor d yesterday, at the Colonial-office. es Yel o k The Commissioners for Metropotitan Imps •te had a meeting yesterday, at the office in Will • 0 1 place. het The Cabinet Ministers dined with Sir B° - n et yesterday evening, at his residence in Whiteh all-g ot Lord Sandon had an interview with the Chance I the Exchequer yesterday. Dispatches were sent off yesterday evening fr°° Colonial-office for the Governor of Hong•An". $ PARLIAMEN TAR Y DIVI SI ON A. .) (From the Votes and Proceedings of the House 0/ WEDNESDAY, MARCH 5. COUNTY CORONERS BILL. i f fr.i (IN THE COMMITTEE.) Clause Twenty (Coroner to receive ;0 1110.11F: tion to nine-pence for every mile whi c h he shall be 00 to travel from the usual place of hi s a bode to take7 b , tion) Motion made, and Question put, " That be filled with ':three-pence :' " The Committee w MAJORITY—AYES, 93. Acland, T. D. Drax, J. S. W. E. Mundt, i * . fe. ‘ • Agllonby, H. A. Duffield, T. D. MU nat .n. t alr Ainsworth, Peter Duncombe, A. Neeld , "N: fi , Allix, John Peter Eliot, Lord O'Brien,o. Arkwright, Geot ge Escott, Bichkam 'W l,l ° 4 Ol O Ashley, Lord Fellowes, Edward Peel, Jo j. f, . Bailey, Joseph, jun. Flower, Sir James PlumenOrej, Bantle, Colonel H. Follett, Sir W. W. Polhill, 7 - 1 1 7, BaillieAH. J. Fox, S. Lane PollingtO 40. , 6, Bankes, George Fuller, A. E. P r ingle.. l o bo •y. Beckett, William Gardner, J. D. Reid, Sirotorer. Bell, Matthew Gaskell, James AL RePt"' Jolla #O O Bentinck, Lord G. Gladstone, W. E. Rounds ke S Berkeley, Hon. H. F Gladstone, J. N. Rushbroo _„do Berkeley, Grantley Gore, M. Sandon, i l r a, i i `r J. Boldero, H. G. Graham, Sir J. Scholefie ;boo Borthwick, Peter Greenall, Peter Scott, r' s 9etfield, Beriah Hamilton, Wm. J. Spry, S ir yord Bramston, T. W. Hinde, J. H. Stanley, o f 0. Bruce, Lo rd E. Hodgson, R. Buller, E. Hornby, John Burrel, Sir C. M. Houldsworth, T. .1 - I°' Cayley, E. S. Johnstone, Sir John Sutton, i. Chetwode, Sir John ,Langston, J. H. Trotter, la, . $ Clive, Viscount Knight, H. G. S SS t tat r u l ua c n k rt la °r2.olld.. fr gl e s4 Tufnell, o n , .o.s, i live, R. H. Lascelles ' , t W. S. Waddi n g, Joe T' Cochrane, Alex. Lincoln, Earl of Walsh, .., Collett, W. Bickford M`G eac hy, F. A. winoing t 7o 7 Copelmd, Alderman M'Neill, Dunoan Wynd ham SV• T ea s. . Darby, George M anners , L or d J. ea Oivett, E. Miles P. W, S. Pakingt o t Douglas, Sir C. E. MorrisaDavid Macias!) , i MINORITY—NOES, 34. Blake, M. J. Evans, William Plumrkl s Blake, Sir Valentine It Ewart, William Rice, E. '7r . Broadley, Henry Gisborne, Thomas Sotherentic a 13rotherton, J. Guest, Sir John Bruges, W. H. L. Hawes, B. : Butler, P. S. Henley, J. - W. Cowper, Hon W. Hindley, Char Cripps, W. Jervis, John Dickinson, F. H. Knatchbull Sir E. ITBSlvvtathruloonsertilenetl:eYery.,,:rolii 1,0 0 Duncan, Viscount Macaulay, T i. B. l'a a Duncan, George Nicholl Right Hon Berkeley, vi. Duncombe, T. S. Pechell, Captain Williams , , Estcourt, I'. G. B. Philips, G. R. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING, MARCH 7, 1844. ...-' with tt I • , t z , t 4,-14 11 0 t 1, 4 1 , 0, v`?', I), i V: 4,, O a cu 4, A), t ~ "'~,: v. ti;;