The Sun. — London, England, 1821-01-03 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. GERMAN • PAPERS. (From the Austrian Observer.) VIENNA, DEC. 19.—We are authorised to corn- Znunicate to our readers the following extract of ' private letter from Troppau, of the 13th in- Etatit " The Vrai Liberal of the 'Mil of November, '2Q?atains again another article on the Troppau ig.ollferences of three long and tedious columns, - Which exceeds in presumption all that the paper la question had before produced. Relying on th'i• testimony-. of the most. judicious and best i::fOrmed persons with whom We are here :4:rounded, I can assure you that this article is a .19 811 e of ignorance and falsehood such as has , :eidom.been laid before the public. The au thor appears to have formed this infamous corn. pilation by writing in one great 'bouquet all the scattered lies which have beencirculated for scree_ weeks past in the worst Swiss and German zarnals. " When the history of the conferences at T;oppau shall be known ; when the world shall learn what questions have been. here discussed, sad in what spirit; upon what principles they Lve been treated,.it will appear what is to be thought of the pretended contest between the physical and moral powers. The eulogists of all - d:::orders and excesses which plunge nations into misery. and disgraCe have, in truth, no reason to b:e pleased with the labours of this Congress; tat men .of truly enlightened' understandings upright sentiments will do it the justice which is its due. .For the present let it suf fice to declare, that of the numerous . subjects according to the author of the article are, e the Order of the Day' at - the confer ence?, here, there is not one, except the af fa•irt of Naples, which has been the object of a mpment's attention. No territorial question, none relative-to Germany, to Poland, to Prussia, or to Rassia, none concerning the maritime cities, has ever been brought forward; no project which, according to the equally absurd and malicious remark of the writer ' might excite apprehensions even for the independence of the city of Frank fort.' The three Protectorates, the Italian Con federation, the Confederation of the Baltic t:::ates, the Anti : Congress in Germany.; all this is - wantonly. invented, that not even a misunder standing can be dis Covered or guassed which. right have afforded ground for such fables. — .. Equally absurd are the accounts of machina t*ts (rnanc2uvres) against the English Supre zr4cy,' of the notes presented in London respec tinx, the Trial of the Queen, with the addition of a threat to occupy the kingdom of Hanover with a military force, &c. Only one single truth - (though brought forward with the most malicious ia'tention) has found a place in this repertory of and this furnishes a key to the whole.— ' The main object of these conferences is said to br• the maintainance of the existing order of things.' This is the real crime of the Cabinets assembled at Troppau. This result, the object of the av!Aes and hopes of all well-disposed persons in every country in Europe, this strongest guarantee of peace, which is invoked by millions of voices, it is that affects the men of the rrai Liberal like the head of Medusa ; therefore it is that open with trembling the letters that come ;from the Danube.' Chis is what these enemies of humanity the dreadful crisis that hangs Europe.' It is not a disturbance of the ac tual state of the territorial possessions of the Powers which reposes a firm foundation, it is not a violation of the independence of States which they fear ; no, it is their own deserved overthrow, which seems to be announced to them y (Nery brave resolution of the Monarchs unit ed for the repose of the world. Should this article of the Vrai Liberal, and as zriatiy preceding ones ;Of a similar description, really come from a correspondent living at Frank fort, the strangest circumstance of the whole Ivuald be that such a 'correspondent should be a:lowed to remain 24 hours in a city which is 'teat 'of the Diet of the German Confede ration.," irlrrr-tx, Dcc.lo.—According to a notice issued o:.:, -- 0 , 03th of December, the number of 9400 roudwits, of the classes 1795 to 1799, is to be' levitd in theicingdoms of Lombardy and Venice, §iier to bring the army to the .. .complete peace estlll-lishrrient. • FIIANKFORT, DEC. 25.-11 e Constitution of the:-Grand Ducky of Darmstadt is now published, and gives great satisfaction to the people. the rn,czt entire hamonylas prevailed between the C-Gvernment. and the , two Chambers. The dis clsions on this important 'subject, and the result, - svilich'is equally honourable to ail parties, will do:Offless justify. the general. joy which has mani fted itself on. this occasion. • A;osaußG, DEc. 19.—The .foll.ovving are the rilat interesting particulars of the news from ItalY Austriatoroops assembled both in enice and Lombardy are again making demon- Ftratibas, which would tend to make it be believ ed that the expedition, against the kingdom of Naples will certainly take place. •Yet there is, fi-11 these movements . 3 ci rculnspecti on which . seems to i n dicat e that before.they march forward tnal orders .are 'expected. The Archduke Rai is.expected At thh? head-quarters at Treviso; tr.- he present at a grand..review of the army. = he next report, that this Prince would • return • to Vienna---:that a successor would be saPpointed . the eminent post which he. fills, .not C.CIII - only there will be sotte changes of the 1 - .:3rsons in the.higher departni.enk 'of the admi t.istration in this oountry.—in the Papal States. .e publicecurif.y- is j•cOnstairtly' threatened by t4e- banditti, wb.n are spread among. the inoun- . t:3itts as far as Albano; • They are organizcd, in Lands, which have each therr particular chief same o whom have acquired,by 411e1r - rare intre a reputation • whiCh strikes terror even litto the.troops.iknt,to.oPpose them. These rob bers, who are -extrieg4ely--superstitiouss display In their conduct a mikti.frit of Cruelty and fanati cism. The Papal Gvernment ha, employed all the means in its power to destroy them, buthas never been able to succeed. They have too many retreats 'to be pursued with advantage; and it is certain that they recruit their numbers with a facility which it is not easy to explain. Vi,ENNA, DEC. 18.—li is generally affirmed that the Russian 'Courier, bringing the answer of the Government of Naples, passed through this - city - the day before yesterday-, on his way to Troppau. CVe are, however, inclined to believe those who affirm that this answer is not expected at Troppau before the 420t11. It is even added, that should the answer be negative, relative to the journey of King Ferdinand, the negotiations would not be wholly broken off. Mr. Mayer, an Austrian Cabinet Messenger, who arrived yes terday at Vienna from Troppau, has continued his journey to-day for Lay bath, where he is to prepare lodgings for the Emperors of Austria and Rivsia, and for - all the Ministers, in case King Ferdinand should agree to the proposals made to him. It might be inferred.from this, that King Ferdinand had already signified, by some indirect channel, his intention of going to Layhach. Baron Lebzeitern, Envoy from our Court to that of St. Pett4shurgh, who has lately left Troppau to proceed express to Rome, seems to be charged with an important mission. The high rank of this Nobleman causes it to be sup posed, with some reason, that the despatches of which he is the beaver from the Allied Sovereigns. to hii Holiness are of the greatest iMportarice. AMERICA CHILLICOTHE (OHIO) Oct. 7.—Pigeons, In number exeeeding ail calculation, have forseve rat weeks b'.en collected on the waters of iciota Burgh Creek, a few miles east of the Furnaces, in Adams county. Their roost extends- over, an acre of ground about a quarter of a mile in length and breadth. To this place they collect in the evening ; and in the morning they rise in a cloud, and literally darken the air. To persons a mile distant, their noise, while on the roost, seems to resemble the sound of a distant water-fall. The trees and shrubs which form,their roost, are bent to the ground by their Weight. They are des troying time white-oak mast, which is abundant in that district of country, and fears are enter tained:that the fields of ripening corn will not escape their ravages. Many of them have been beaten down i ith sticks, and caught in the night, by the surrounding inhabitants. From the St. Lola.. Enrirer Sept. 3n. Dien.—On Tuesday -Vitt' inst at Charette village, in the 90th year of his age, the celebrated Col. Daniel Boone, disco verer and fir , t settler of the state of Kentucky. His death was communicatcd to the General Assembly un Thursday 48th inst. by Mr. Emmons, senator, from St. Charles county, and both brandies of thg Legislature, through respect to his memory, adjourned for the day, and passed a resolotion to wear crape un the left arm for twenty days.—Col. Boone eini- Kralt d to Upper Lousiana, and settled on the Missouri, about CO miles above St. Louis, before the purchase of the coun try, and received from the Spanish Government a donation of 2,000 arpens of land.—The - American Congress confirmed that grant to liiai ; that is to say, they did not undertake to deprive,him of what he had received from a Foreign Govern ment. Tnts is the only favour which the discoverer of Ken tucky and the founder of that great state has received from his country.—The fatuity of Col. Boone, al .o emigrated to Missouri ! and enjoy a respect worthy of the name of their father, One of 1) suns, Major Nathan Boone, was a Mem ber of the late Missouri Convention; another, Jesse B. Boone, Esq, is a member of the present General Ass e mbly. Until within two years past, Cul. Boone has enjoyed much health, and was capable of gr, at bodily activity. Since then the approach of death was visible, and he viewed it with the indifference of a Roman philosuplier.—lle was buried at the Charette village, and thus the rdnitiy4 of the man whose name is identified with that of Kentucky, now repose on the banks of the Missouri. SOUTH AM 1 TLICA. SANTA FE DE BOGOTA. OCT. 19.—An Extra- ; ordinary Gazette from Choco has just been re ceived, which announces the arrival of a brig, one of Lord Cochrane's squadron, at the port of St. Beneventura (in the Pacific). The vessel has brought two. thousand muskets for the Repub lican service. Two Deputies came in her,' for the purpose of entering into a treaty, offensive and .defensive, with the Government of Colum bia, against their common enemy. Official con firmation has also been received, stating that Ge neral Valdez's diviSion occupies all the territory between Popayan and Mercadenes. There is scarcely a day passes that some of the Royalist Of;►cers and soldiers do not march over to the [nsurge►its, who treat them with every possible indulgence. General Calzado has requested of the Viceroy of Lirna some reinforcements, but was answered, that he himself required an addi tional force, as he was daily in expectation of an attack from the united. forces of Lord Coch rane and the Republican Government. SARANILLA, OCT. IS.—The general opinion is, that something decisive will spring out of the negociationS between Bolivar and Morillo ; in other words, that the independence of the coun try will be acknowledged, as nothing short of this is contemplated' or: desired •by the indepen dent party.—The forces ,That operate against Santa Martha by land march this day, and the fleet is to sail to - -morrow. The object of the land expedition is to bring Sanchez Linia 'to action.— He is at present at ..San Carlos. As he cannot advance through the Cierilga on account of our boats,.he will be easily overtaken. The detach ment consists of 1000 men. Colonel Montillo doe's not quit this p►'orince, or take the command of the expedition at Tarboro. We are sickly here. • The liUver Ttnne; presented an extraordinary spectacle yesterday—innumerable ke-bei - gs ! From Battersea'Bridge, as far as the eye could reach up theii . ver ; and below., the same objects presented themselves, corning up with the tide. On Sunday 'barge, with several men, were' locked up;;fo'r several" hours ; the poor 'fellows were - withouf provisions or fire, with no means of approach . ; '' . ',l i owards • night . the ice-bergs sepa rated ; and then, with the assistance afforded by • ropes, - they were dragged 'to shore. 'lf the frost continues anothe ‘ inight„the ThameS trill be pass able above-bridge. A beautiful monument, intended to be erected in St..NicholaS'..Church, Newcastle, to' commei morate the eminent public services and private worth of the late :gallant Admiral, Lord Cot.- , LiNGwoon, has arri.ed at Newcastle ; from London. LITER.kRYataISCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. [FII.OII SOURCES.] SOUNDINGS AT SEA.—The following method of taking Soundings at Sea is in general use, and extremely simple :—A graduated glass tube, of some. length, full of air, excepting, a known-por tion, in a curve at „the 4 bottegn, of any Bissous, coloured liquid, which, being forced up the tube by the pressure of the sea ; water, indicates, by tlfe Mark which it leaves inside the tube, the degree to which the contained air had been compressed, and co►►sequent.ly (if the specific gravity of the sea-water be ascertained) the depth to which the instrument had descended. This instrument needs no piston. LANG VAC cs.—Accordiug to a " View of all the known Languages and their Dialects," pub blished by AL Faco. ADERBEKG, Counsellor of State to the Emperor of RUSSIA, their number amounts to 3,06 1, viz.: in all Asia, 937 ; Eu ropean, 587; African, 276 ; and America, 1,264. VESUVIUS AND Pomew.—During a late erup tion of Vesuvius a shower of ashes fell on the now uncovered part of Pompeii. M. Du GuN BERNAT, a SpanishnatUralist, having compared the substances of which this recent shower is com posed, with those which anciently overwhelmed the city, could not find the smallest resemblance between them. and doubts whether that city really was ruined by a shower of ashes. He also observed, within a few days after the eruption, that the crater of Vesuvius was covered with ervstals.of common salt—a pretty plain indication that the admission of sea-water into the interior of the mountain has something to do with the phenomenon. _ _ GALVANIC MAGNETI,SM.—A brief account has been given, in - most of the journals, of Sir HUMPHREY DAvy's recent interesting electro magnetic experiments. We have here to notice also an important result obtained by Professor OERSTED. lie states, that a plate of zinc (about three inches high and four inches broad) placed in and by an arch of small wire, connected with a trough nearly fitting it, made of thin copper, and containing a mixture of one part of sulphuric acid, one part of nitric acid, and sixty parts of water, forms an apparatus, which, being suspend ed by a very small wire (only sufficiently strong to bear its weight,) will, if a powerful magnet be presented to it, exhibit magnetic polarity—turn ing its corresponding pole to the pole of the magnet. The suspending wire is attached to the apparatus by a thread rising from one side of the trough to the wire, and descending to the other side of the trough ; and the plate of zinc is kept from coming in contact With the copper case by a piece of cork interposed on each side of the plate. STATISTICS, &C. FRANCE.—It appec,rs, from a late publication of the Academy of Sciences, that Paris contains 714,000 inhabitants, of whom 25.000 are not domiciled. The average number of births annually is 21,000, and of these, the proportion of males to females is as 25 to 24. The annual consumption of bread is 113,680,000 kilogrammes ;. of oxen, 70,000 ; of heifers, 9,000 ; of calves, 78,000 ; of sheep, 34,000 ; of swine, 72,000 ; of eggs, 74,000,000 ; of pi geons, 900,000 ; of fowls, 1,200,000; of wine, 870,000 hectolitres. SWEDEN.—By the census taken in 1819, the population, of the kingdom appears to be, 2,543,412. The births in that year were 2,329 ; and the deaths, 3,23 B—difference, 909. Nearly a half of the children are born out of marriage. One Out of three children have in variably died. Marriages, 504 ; and divorces, 24. GREENLAND. The whole population of Greenland, according to the last Report of the . Missionary Board, consists of 3,586 individuals, spread through 17 colonies on the western coast. The interioris not habitable, Owing to accumula tions of ice. The population has increased 714 since the year 1789. THE LATE Ma. PITT.—The Life of this dis tinguished Statesman is in the press, by the pre sent Lord Bishop of WINCHESTER. It is under stood that it will be published in two volumes quarto. PHILOSOPHY.—It is expected that the First Report of the Cambridge Philosophical Society will make its appearance early in the ensuing mouth. PRICE OF THIS DAY AT Tv STOCKS WELYE O'CLOCK. Bank Stock 222k India 80nd5.... 265. 275. pr. 3 per Cent. Red. 7011 I South Sea Stuck shut 3 per Cent. Cons. 4 per Cents i per Ct. Nary Ann.:... shut Omni= ' I i pr. Bank Lung Ann. .. 18 1-16th Cons. for Opening 71 if HIGH WATER AT LONI)( Maniiiig, 10 niittutcs after 2. )N BRIDGE TO-MORROW. I Eveninz, 37 minutes after t THE SUN. SOLI:31 QUIS DICT.RB FAILSUM•AtUDEJTY LONDON, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 3, 1821. We / received this morning five days Paris Papers to Sunday last inclusive. The following are extracts : " PARIS, DEC. 31.—Th u rsda y the King received the grand Deputation of the Chamber of Peers with their Address. His Majesty rctut !fed the . following Answer I receive wi:h deer sensibility this testimony of the sentiments of the Cham of Peers. I observe with real satisfaction the conformity of its principles with mine. ' I have said, and I repeat it, that if I wish to see my life proliinged, it is to consolidate the institutions which I have given to my people. But whatever may be the Decrees of Providence, let us not forget this maxim of our public law, The King never dies in France.' CHAMBER. OF DEPUTIES, Tuesrmv, Dec. 26. " The Chamber proceeded to ballot for five Candidates for the Presidency ; the result was, for M. 'invert. 286 ; NI.. Bel lart, tit ; I e Ilonald, el; ; Benoist, 912 ; De Bourille, 199 ; Royer Ward, SO; Cuutraisier, 71; Dupont de — l'E•tr , ., 54 ; Lafitte, 47, Sce. The first five having each an absolute ma jority, were declai d the Candidates. " WLDNIESDAY, DEC. 27. " The President, pro tempore, read a Royal Ordonnance, appointing M. Ravez President of the Chamber. " M M. De ISouville, Chit''Jet, Blauquart Baillehl, and }3bnnet, 'having each an absolute majority, were declared Vice,President4-. -. ' k \., ''-, • ' " SATURay,, it C. 30. " A grand Deputation was appointed I to compliment the King on the new year. " The Chamber resolved itself into a Secret Committee, ;: to receive the report of tile COlllintter appointed to prepare an Address to the King. The Address aftd debate was agreed to, and a Grand Deputation appointed to present it tv his Majesty. " COv.TaT OF PEERS. THURSDAY, DEC. es. " The Chamber constituted itself a Court of Justice, fuf' the purpose of hearing the report of the Marquess de Pastore: respecting the late Cimspiracy. " Dec. 29 and 30. 7 -The reading of the report was conti nued, and still not finished. Adjourned till Tuestiay. " PARIS, Dix. 31.—The state of the Kit:4's hvaith appears to be very sat isfaCtury. " Private letters from Madrid state, that. General Alara', who had been nominated Spanish Minister to Paris, had nut accepted the appointment, on the alleged ground of his state of health. " The. Prince of Mecklenburg!' dined with the King on Thursday evening.. " The Baron de Vincent, the Austrian Ambassador at Pails, set out on Friday for Layliach. His Excellency had a private audience of the King on Thursday, as had also the Count de Quiusonas, Lieutenant-General in the service a Russia. The King held a Council of Ministers on Wednesday, a: which the new Ministers, MM. Laiu6, ViNle, and Curbiarus were present. " The Viscount de Chateauhriand, Ambassador to the Court of Prussia, set out on Wednesday for Berlin. " Letters from Vienna, of the 17th inst., state that the Emperor of Austria had given orders to the Baron de Lebzel, tern to quit Troppau, and proceed with all haste to Rome.— It appears that the mission confided to thii Minister is to at company the King of Naples to Laybach. FIVE PER CENTS. 'Tuesday 7B f. 65 c. Wednesday 7B f. S 5 c. TlturBday 79 f. 15 c. Friday 79 f. 25 c. Saturday 79 1. 15c. DEFERRED STOCK Of the 22d Sept. IB2o.—Tuesday, 94f. 90c. Wednesday, W.. Thursday, 951. 20c• Friday, 9SL 40c. Saturday, 91f. • " VIENNA, DEC. 20.—1 n the course of this week the 14ini sters who compose the Congress, will set out from Troppast to proceed direct to Laybach. • " It is said that the Emperors of Russia and Austria will pass the last dayS of the year here, before going to Laybach, where the King of Naples is expected ou the . lit or 2d of January. " Tijiuv, DEC. 21.—The affairs of Naples are talked of here with Much circumspection. It is .said that our Gorern ment has determined to observe the strictest neutrality, is case hostilities should take place in the PertintMla. 'This neutrality, however, will be maintained'hy respectable Moan* of defence. The army is on a good footing, and our fortresses.. iinro " NAPLES, DEC. 14.—1 t was staled to the Parliament in the sitting of the Bth, that we may obtain• the mediation of France,Kovided the following modifications are made ill our Constitution :-Ist, The establishment of a Chamber of Peers: —2d, The abolition -of the Permanent Deputation of Par liament,--3d, The choice of Councillors of State at the pleasure of the Kung.-4th, The unlimited- Royal Veto.—Stb, The initiative of the Budget, and of the laws to the Monarch, and 6th, The right of dissolving the Parliament. • This ;our munication was passed over in silence. , " Seveial communications took place between the King and the Parliament, previous to 'is Majesty's departure, in whioll the Parliament steadily refuse to make any hi-tiller change in, the Spanish Constitution, which they have adopted." We are sorry to see such a man as Sir Joint WROTTESLEY lend himself to the spirit of Party, as was too observable at the Wolverhampton.' Meeting on Friday last. The Baronet asked, with a triumphant tone, " Where did danger ." Who were the persons that.wishett o overthrow. all our valuable Institutions'?"-- Does the Baronet dwell in a hermitage, and ne-, ver mix with human beings, except at a. Party' Meeting ? Does he never read the London Pa per which contains the account of the Meeting this day ?—Let the Baronet come to London and look into the windows of the factious, the re bellious, Priut-sellers, which every day attract • the attention of innumerable spectators among the lower ranks of the People, and send theta_ away tainted in their principles, and. ripe for Revolution. Let him read the Opposition Jour nals of the Metropolis, which are constantly em ployed hi attempts to hold Royalty in ridicule and Contempt, and to destroy the political fabric which has so long been the sanctuary of Order and Freedom, and the admiration and envy of all other States. Surely, when he has bestowed due attention on the daily instigations to treason which we have noticed,and has reflected On' their nature and tendency, he will not again ask 46 where does danger exist ?" and " who are the persons that wished to overthrow all our valu able Institutions ?" The danger is obvioas to . every, sound mind, and demands the most stre nuous efforts of all wise and honest men, other wise, indeed, , " all the Institutions " of the COuntry will be involved in orte common ruin, of which the high and' the wealthy, who by their presence and their opinions give a stimulus and a sanction to the disaffected, will most probably be the very first victims, because their property holds forth such temptations as revolutionary spi rits would claim as a just reward for having completed the work of national deernctiou, exist ?"—'