The Sun. — London, England, 1821-11-12 00:00:00

FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. PARIS, Nov.B. CHAMBER OF PEERS, Nov. 6. The Peers assembled this day to nominate the Secretaries for the Session ; the majority of votes were declared in favour of the Marquis de Mun, Viscount Dambray, Count Curial, and Count de Citstelanne, who were proclaimed accordingly.— A Special Commission, consisting of the Marquis de Pastoret, the Duke de Doudeauville, the Mar quis de Lally Tolendal, the Marquis de Bonnay, and Viscount 'Montmorency, were charged to draw tkp the projet of an Address to the King, in an swer to the Royal Speech on opening the Ses- Eion. CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES, Nov. 6. The Deputies also assembled this day. On the extreme right were about a hundred Mem bets ; about twenty were seated on the right centre; and the same number on the left.— Amongst those of the latter were the Marquis de la Fayette, the Marquis de Chauvelin, M. La fitte, Gen. Foy, Baron Ternaux, and •M. Ben jamin Constant : the latter Deputy, it is observ ed, still suffers from the fall which he had last year off the steps of the tribune, and which has renewed an old ailment in the knee, and obliges him to support himself with a stick when walking. This first sitting of the Chamber was wholly oc cupied in the organization of the bureaus, nomi nation of secretaries, and other preliminary for malities, at the close of which an adjournment took place to the following day, when the eligi bility of the newly-elected Deputies would be' reported upon. Nov. 7.—On proceeding, after some observa tions from different Members, to the Appel No minal, it was found that there were only 207 Deputies at present in Paris, and '214 being the number required before the Chamber can enter upon any deliberation, an adjournment conse quently took place. By a Royal Ordinance the Cardinal de Bausset is appointed a Minister of State, and a Member of the Privy Council. The accounts from Barcelona afford at length reason to hope, that the dreadful contagion which has ravaged that city is approaching its termination. The mortality, which had been from 250 to 300 per day, was no more than 170 on the 24th ult., and only 101 on the 26th. An article from Odessa, dated the 13th of October, in the Augsburg Gazette, states that a courier had arrived there in five days from Petersburgh with dispatches to the Governor- G eneral, Count de Langeron, who being at Cher son, the courier immediately proceeded thither. The arrival of the courier had given rise to a variety of reports. The same Journal contains a paragraph, dated Hermanstadt, October 18, which says that the Turks are advancing towards the banks of the Pruth, and that the Russians have for the last 15 days been marching to the opposite banks of the same river. The advanced posts of both armies are in sight of each other: Within the last threo weeks 30,000 fresh Turkish troops have entered Moldavia and Walachia, where they are guilty of every excess. FRENCH FUNDS. Nov. 7, Five per Cents. B9 f. 40 c. Deferred Stock , 99 1. 50 c. Bank Stock • 1592 f. GO c. -Nov. 9.—Yesterday the King received the President and the Committee of the Chamber of Deputies who were deputed to inform his Ma jesty that the House was constituted. A. Deputation of the Chamber of Peers, with the Chancellor at its head, presented to the King the answer of the Peers to his Majesty's Speech. Next to the Noble Peers who obtained the most votes, electing them on the Committee ap pointed to draw up an answer to the King's Speech, were M. M. Chateaubriand and de lrmilir.. • It seems that the Government has now under consideration the state of our Colonies, and that a Commission, consisting of former Governors of the French Colonies, will be appointed to con sider the best Colonial System of Government for our trans-marine possessions. FIIENCII FUND. Nov. 8, Five per Cents. Deferred Stock bank Stock 1595 f. c. VIENNA, OCT. 5 . —Accord* to a report made at Trieste, by an Austrian Captain, who had arrived from Patras, after a very short pas sage, the Admiral of the Turkish fleet, while he retnained at Patras, sent an expedition against lite town of Galaxidi, situated in the Gulf of Le panto, consisting of small Algerine vessels, a Turkish frigate and galliot, and having on board 1,500 men. This enterprise was completely successful ; • the disembarkation was effected, and the Greeks, after keeping up a fire for a short time from their entrenchment's, abandoned the forts and the country, and retreated into the mountains. It is stated that the unfortunate town of Ga la xidi, on the entrance of the Turks, experienced the fate of Alain (which was burnt, and the greater part of the inhabitants massacred). it is added, that the Turks found in the harbour of Galaxidi a great number of Grecian vessels, se veral of which they burnt, and the armed ships were sent to Patras. The -same Austrian Captain states, that a Turkish corps from Macedonia, in attempting to penetrate into the Morea, had been completely defeated at the eutrance of the Isthmus of Co rinth by the Insurgents. . QCT. 27.—[Extract of a Private Letter.; — It appears by several communications from Turkey that the Divan places lithe reliance on the amicable dispositions of the Russian Cabinet, and makes most extraordinary efforts to put the Ottoman Empire in a condition to enter into competition with Russia. If the Court of Pe tersburg has a very imposing military force on the Southern frontiers of its Empire, the Porte is determined to bring against them a still greater navy. She has accordingly sent very large rein forcements into Moldavia and Walachia, where a numerous army will In a short time be assembled ; this is not all, for she is now en gaged in forming another equally numerous army, which will for the present take up a position on the Danube. Besides these two armies, numerous reserves are assembling in'the provinces situated ou the second line ; and in the event of war, these re serves will advance to the Danube, and the army now forming ou that river will join the first-men tioned army. It is true these troops cannot be compared to the worst European soldiers, yet in spite of this moral and physical inferiority, it ap pears, from various reports, that the Turks them selves are desirous of war, and it is very probable they may be the first to begin hostilities, if the Russians should delay much longer to cross the Pruth. It is positively asserted that all the ability and ingenuity of Lord Strangford have not been able to subdue the inflexible determination of the Grand Signior to make no more concessions. OCT. 9.--Since the attacks of the Turks against Cassandra have failed, the Greek Chiefs have descended from their mountains and have I made several partial attacks against the Turks, in which they have been the more successful, because the inhabitants, irritated at the excesses of the Turks, have joined to a man the Greeks. • The Pacha of Bosnia is assembling,consider able forces, which, it is supposed, will be sent across the Danube, in case of a war with Russia. lie has reinforced the Bosnian troops on the frontiers of Servia, because the discontents in that country are increasing. AUGSBURG, NOV. 3.--[Extract of a Private Letter.] -1 hasten to transmit to you the news we have just received from Constan tinople :—" Orders have been issued to put to instant death every Turkish soldier who shall quit his regiment. Commanding Offi cers are strictly prohibited from giving leave of absence on any pretence whatsoever. Be sides the corps commanded by the Pacha of Broussa, two other armies are expected at Con stantinople on the 15th of October from Asia, who will immediately proceed to the Danube. — The Porte is unremitting in its preparations for war. They work day and night at the arsenal, and it is intended to send a large quantity of artillery and munitions of war to the Danube. We are assured that 40,000 Janissaries are ordered to march immediately to join the army on the banks of the Pruth, under the com mand of Jussuf Pacha." FRANKFORT, Nov. 3.—News has been re ceived at Vienna, that the heads of Weli-Pacha, the son, and Mehemed Pacha, the grandson, of Ali Pacha, of Janina, have been exposed on the gates of the Seraglio, at Constantinople. CORFU, SEPT. 29. [EXTRACT OF A PRIVATE LETTER.] " It appears as though Heaven had consigned the Greeks over to the exterminating sword of barbarians. A few more months, a very few more, and the Christian population will en tirely have disappeared from the East. " 1 last apprised you, that every Greek, above the misery of mendicity, had already been immolated at Nicosia, Famagusta, Larnactor, and Paphos, the principal towns in the Island of Cyprus. Since this massacre (which immolated an Archbishop, two Bishops, Abbots, Nuns, Lay-Priests, Archimandraes, and others, the Christians have been hunted from the villages, and pursued to the mountains. " On the other hand the goods of those who suffered have also been sold ; and the opulent isle of Cyprus will lose, by this stratagem of the State, an industrious population of upwards of 25,000 souls. " Soon after the isle of Cos became the theatre for Turkish vengeance. The number of Greeks massacred by the Turks, on the 30th of August, amounted to 700. " At Tenedos they fell upon the Greeks, and the inhabitants of Lemnos have experienced a similar fate. Judging by this outset, how much blood has flowed, or may yet flow, in the other isles of the Archipelago, before the Ottoman fleet is mis. tress of that sea. " The Oriental Spectator,' printed at Smyrna, looks upon some partial massacres in that city as mere trifles ! The specu lations of this Journal are dictated by the genius of traffic, which is accustomed, it is well known, to reckon men as nothing. " If you inquire of me, amidst these events, what has be come of the Grecian fleet, latterly so numerous, I must reply by_ owning that I know nothing at all about it. As for the Turkish squadron, which made its appearance twice in the waters of Zante, we have learned its operations by some catas trophes which have proved too fatal to the Greeks. " Blood is flowing in the mean time, both in Epirus and Macedonia ; cities, towns, villages; are burning, and famine, which begins to be generally felt, now threatens an innocent po pulation with,total destruction. " Macario, Bishop of Pliramathia, and who was imprisoned at Cephalonia, will, it reported, be soon'released.. Meanwhile a system of police more redoubtable than that of Venice screens with a sinister veil the proceedings of GoTernment Not Con tent with intercepting our communications with the Continent, and watching the melt. innocent movements of,men,, it would punish the very tears• which ate shed for the misfortunes of the, Greeks." •CONSTANTINIOPLE, SEPT. 25.—The Lieutenant of the Captain Puha:. sailed last week. for the Archipelago, accompanied by„a• Greek Bishop, who is to endeavour to induce the Greeks in the revolted islands to- return to their 'obedience. No action has taken place between the fleets. It is affirmed that verbal communications have taken place, and that these negociatious promise an amicable arrangement. HAMBURGH, Nov. 6 —Accounts from Smyrna of the Ist October have been received_ here by way of Trieste, which state. that the greatest tranquillity prevailed there, and that it was gene rally believed that it would continue.—The mo nument erected at Wittenberg in honour of Martin Luther was consecrated with great solem. pity on the 3ist of October. HERMAN'STADT, Ocr. 18.—News is just re. ceived that -the Turks have advanced, close to Pruth.. The Riusians too have, within this fort ' night, again taken their station close to , the op. posite bank, the increase of the Turkish troops in Moldavia having excited some apprehensions for the inhabitants- of Bessarabia.'. The advanced posts of the Russians and Turks are in sight of each other. • , • Within these.; few - days, gre at numbers . of Christians arrive on our frontiers, who try to fly from the cruelties of the Asiatic troops. At a re to be had. All Cronstadt, no more lodgings who can by any means get away from Bucharest, take flight from that city. It is calculated that 30,000 Turks have entered the Principalities within these three weeks ; they commit all man ner of cruelties and excesses. On the 15th October, there arrived at Bel grade, Tartars who had come in nine days from Constantinople ; they brought a firman from the Sultan for the arming of all Musselmen, from the age of 10 years to that of 60. This firman was sent at the same time to all the Asiatic and Eu ropean Provinces of the empire, with the Hatti- Sheriff before issued, to arm all the followers of Islamism, so that accordingly the whole Turkish nation must take up arms. By the regulations annexed to this firman, the rendezvous of the Asiatics is Constantinople, of the troops of Ma cedonia at Traunick, of Bulgaria at Adrianople, of the Danube at Silistria, and of Servia at Bel grade. The pay of every foot soldier is 10 pias tres per month, and every horseman 40 . pisatres. PETERSBURGII, OCT. 12.-Our Gazctie contains the following article :—" The Greeks are the first carriers of the Mediterranean. In order to withdraw a son from the Capitation Tax, the father chooses to intrust him with the master of a vessel, in order to learn the art of navigating the Mediterranean. Thc Greeks know better than any other seamen how to encounter the storms in the small gulfs of that sea ; and whilst the Swedish and Danish navigators become every day more rare, that of the Greeks augments in proportion. It is the Greek flag which is seen l i most at Marseilles, Baicelona,*and Ragusa. The G reeks make one, and even two voyages a year more than the shipping of other nations, who sail from the ports of the Levant to those of Christian countries. This depends not only upon good seamanship, but also on account of ancient usage, by which they are not obliged to so long a quarantine. The Greeks fear the plague less than others, becau . se they in consequence remain a less time in the infeCted ports. The pay of the Greek mariner is small, arid his provisions cost still less ; the number of drunkards being very small, they have no need of prOvisions of liquor for long voyages ; and building timber is as cheap to them as provisions. In spite of all the re strictions established at Malta, and in the lonian Isles, to the prejudice of their flags, the Greeks are almost exclusively the carriers to the ports of Turkey, Barbary, and the Black Sea. It is by commerce and navigation that the Greek nation has, in thirty years, made such a progress in ci vilization ; and it is in the ports of the Christian States that it has learned to appreciate liberty." MADRID, OCT. 26.—The accounts from Sara gossa state, that order is entirely restored in the ,own of Alcaniz. The Secretary of the Home Department is gone to-day to the Court. The important affairs which this Minister has to transact sufficiently account for this journey ; but public credulity has spread a report that an express had arrived from Barcelona which made it necessary for the Ministqr to consult his Majesty. We can assure our reasters- that this is false, and that nothing new has occurred at Barcelona to call for the at tention of the Government. OCT. 29.-11 the Sitting of the Cortes on the 26th, M. Paul, an American Deputy, having spoken at length on the afflicting situation of the Colonies., brought forward the following proposition, which was subscribed by M. Gal legos :—" We request the Cortes to be pleased to decree that the Minister of the Colo nies may present as soon as possible the mea sures which he may judge the best adapted to effect the tranquillity and happiness of the Americans."--A long debate ensued on the pro ject of admitting this proposition ; on the division it was determined, by 75 votes to 70, that there was reason to vote on Mr. Paul's proposal. It was then asked and agreed to, that the voting on the approbation or disapprobation of the pro position should he appel nominal, when there appeared 78 in favour and 77 against it.—The Cortes are proceeding with the discussion of the law for the organization of the National Militia, and the bases of the intended law respecting the Duties of Customs, altering in many respects the Decree of the sth October, 189.1, many articles of which are, however, confirmed. The whole will be published :when the discussions are finished, with . thew-Iterations that may be made in the Cortes. BARCkLONA; OCT: 28.—State of the Hospital and. the City.—No return from Barcelonetta, the physicians beilik still confined by .the fever. Remain. - .1 Nevi Cases. cuied. Deaths. Oct. 17, 023. - -- 98 21 49 18, -551 - '.76 12 52 19, • 563 . 68 14 45 . 20, .572 ammo Note, of the 20th,, -Though .a physician went yesterday morning to Barcelenetta, the :`number of new cases could not be accurately Mcertained; andwe know only by the report re ceived from - the Carnmitssal'of . tht place that the number of deaths was 26, null gig , the,heidth of the town continued to iinprove. . • .- • AkactA 06 . f...(11 ;--The superior Board of Health has received from Aguilas the following statement of the contagion . in that place the 15th, 16th; andllth, there had been six new cases, two cured and. five death's ; the number remaining,Was eight; OCT. '23..—.—The *wishes of all good citizens have been fultilled. - . The arrest of several persons in the night.of the 4th ,instant, on account of certain plans of conspiracy, has been proved to be the re sult of a detestable calumny. 1 he persons arrested were set at liberty ,On the evening of the 20th, and the infatnotiS Domingo Albeladejo is arrested. He is the stime.person.who informed against some of the Militia, who 'were arrested at the end of June, and set at liberty at the end of July. It is a pity that there is no legal proof who employ e d this wretch, that they may receive th e pu n i s h men t they merit. .• precautionsSEvtLLK , t O h.a c.r . . ll 2: v , e ---W r ere it not f or th e w i se been taken on accoun t o f the fears entertained that the conta g i on h a d ap peared in 'Friona, we should he i gnoran t t h at there 'existed any disorder' that could inspire alartn ; but we are certain that we have nothing to,fear, as well :On account of the precautions that are taken, as ,because the sickness which has manifested itsellat:Triana is CADIz, Ocr. 18,7-,The civil and political' Go vernment of Cadiz has addressed an energetic ex hortation to the citizens, to subscribe to the u • most of their power, to the aid of the unfortu nate inhabitants of Puerto Santa Maria and Le brija, where the ravages of the yellow fever in crease. The epidemic has likewise shewn itself in the Presidio of Alpucema, where the people suffer besides from the want of fresh provisions, and of medicines. SPANISH CORTES. LtsaoN, OCT. 21.—1 n this sitting a project of a decree pro posed by the Committee of Public Instruction was read : to en act that a copy of any book printed in the kingdom shall be de posited in the public library : periodicals are included, but they need only be delivered every three months.—(To be read a se cond time.) M. BORGES CATINEIRO made a proposition for abolishing the Order of the Knights of Malta, which he prefaced by a long speech on the happiness of countries, whose inhabitants consist of productive classes—that is, such as subsist by agriculture, commerce, or manufactures, contrasted with the misery of a na tion, where a great part of the people live by public employ ments or ecclesiastical benefices—that is, at the expence of the productive classes. Such, when they are numerous, do no thing—or nothing useful, or what is only vexatious to their fel low-citizens ; 4 I call them drones legal vagrants, swarms of troublesome flies. And what shall I say of those who live on Commanderies, alcaidarias, and other favours graciously con ferred ? I call these things legal robberies, and sanctified idle ness.' The orator quoted Switzerland, and the United States of North America, as a contrast ; proposing that all such use less burdens should be diminished, and that the Cortes should begin with the Order of Malta, and the Commanderies belong ing to it. The Orator fully recognised the utility of the Order when first established for the purpose of attending the hospital at Jeru salem, and the valour with which the Knights had subsequent ly combated the Musselmen. But all is changed ; there is no hospital at Jerusalem, nor pilgrimages to the Holy Land : nor do we now judge it conformable with the spirit of Christianity, to combat the believers in the Koran with arms. We have a regular army and navy to navy to defend ourselves against the attacks of other Powers, whatever be their faith, and from pirates. It is not necessary to mix up those things with religion, which consists in prayer, patience, and doctrine. The Order of Malta was in fact abolished by the occupation of the Island, first by the French, and afterwards by the Enulish, and though the re-esta blishment of it was mentioned le the basis of the Treaty of Amiens, yet the Treaty of Paris decided to the contrary. He, therefore, moved, Ist, that the Order of St. John of Jerusalem be abolished in Portugal, as in the rest of Europe ; 2d, that the Commanderies shall remain to the present holders for their life, and then be applied to the payment of the national debt. To be read a second time in another Sitting. In the same Sitting, the second-reading was continued of the opinion of the Ecclesiastical Committee, respecting certain cases, in which it would be requisite to apply to Rome. A very great debate arose on the first article, which was, relative to the ap plication to the Pope for a Bull to suppress certain Convents. Many Members were of opinion, that no such application was necessary, and that the Cortes were competent to proceed to such measures of reform without any Bull. Others thought, that even allowing the civil power to have the right, it was however reasonable to comply with the prejudices of the Portu guts:.—The debate was adjourned. OCTOBER 23.—1 n this sitting a letter from the Counsel of Pernambuco was read ; stating that having notified its installa tion to the districts ) (comarcas) that of Guianna refused to re cognise its authority ; that, in consequence, troops had been sent with instructions not to employ violence, but to make them return to their duty. The Counsel begged that two battalions might be sent to maintain tranquillity in those Provinces. It sent, copies of the correspondence with the Provisional Junta of Guianna, which acknowledges no Government but that at Lisbon and the Cortes, the sole bulwarks which can secure the inhabitants from the despotism of Luiz do Rego Barrelo. The papers were referred to the Committee of the Consti tution. Ltenow, OCT. 26.—The Carta, besides the other objects of discussion,. continue the consideration of the Articles of the Constitution in regular succession—ln the Sitting of the 25th, M. B. Carneiro made a proposal for the encouragement of the national manufactures, by ordering that all citizens who eat the bread of the nation, that rr, all persons filling public offices, shall be bound to clothe themselves in articles of the national manufacture. The Diario do Governo, published at Lisbon, contains a Report from the Criminal Judge of Oporto, in which he gives an account of his in spection of the Convent of the Barefooted Car melites in that city, which he visited for the pur pose of releasing from its dungeons the unfortu nate Friar GABRIEL, who was condemned to end his days there, and bad been confined since 1813. The Judge gives a melancholy picture of the state in which he found Friar GABRIFA, and the horrors of the imprisonment he had under gone. lie has been removed to another Convent ; and precautions, it is said, are taken to place him out of the reach of ulterior vengeance. Advices from Stockholm to the 24th ult. state, that the application of the city of Bremen, and the Duke of OLDESBURGH, for certain commer cial immunities, on terms of reciprocity, had been rejected by the Swedish Council of State. The trade between Sweden and Finland has, in five years, left a Im.ance against the former of five millions of dollars. Owing to the declining price of corn in the Mediterranean, it has been found necessary to warehouse in a French port, the shipments recently made to that quarter on ac count of the Swedish Government. WINDSOR, Nov. 11.—We understand that Monday, the 19th of this month, is the day fixed by the Dean and Chapter of St. George's Chapel for the election of a Lay Clerk (counter tenor), in the room of Mr. G. B. SAUNDERS, de ceased. When the BISHOP of LiNcotAt held his Visitation and confirmation at Loughborough, after 479 children had been confirmed, and a Sermon preached by the Rector of Wanlip, the usual proceeding of calling over the Clergy of the district took place. Ills Lordship's Chaplain distinctly questioned each whether he ,was duly licensed or not ; other interrogatories were also put, some of them not of a very welcome nature ; for instance, when the Minister of flown was called over, his Lord. ship himself asked how often Divine Service was performed! " Once a year" was the reply. " What is the population ?" " Near four hundred." His Lordship very energetically dc. dared that lie should consider it his duty forthwith to order the strictest investigation of such an extraordinary case. When the calling over was finished, his Lordship delivered an elaborate charge to his Reverend Brethren, enjoining them to be vigilant and attentive to the duties which belonged to them, urging them to continue upon their benefices, and not forsake their flocks in the manner they had hitherto done ; his Lordship at. tributed the great increase of the Dissenters more to this cause than to any other, and advised his Clerical auditory to imitate their rivals in diligence and activity, in public preaching and private exhortation, for the purpose of bringing back the Se. ceders ; his Lordship concluded by extolling the Church system of religion as the purest of all.—(Leicester Journal, Nov. 9.) PITT Ctxn.—lt is a great pleasure to us to find that our observations upon the conduct of some of the members of this Club, in voting for a triennial celebration of the Birth-day of the immortal PITT, have called forth an almost una nimous expression from the members, for restor ing the annual assembly of the Club.—Our opi nion is, that the Society ought to meet more fre quently instead of annually, and at such periods proper subjects might be discussed, which could not fail of proving advantageous to the general well-being of the Society.—(l3irrningham Herald, Nov. 10.) ESSEX, Nov. 9.—Yesterday the Members of the Chelmsford PITT Ctun held their half yearly meeting at the Black Boy Inn ; the re spectable part of the town and neighbourhood attended. The dinner and wines were excellent, especially the French wines, which were pre sented to the Club by the High Sheriff. FOREIGN LITERATURE. No. XLVIII. MEMOIRES HISTORIQUES, POLITIQUES, et LITE RAIRES sur le ROYAUME de NAPLES : i. e. rical, Political, and Literary Memoirs on the Kingdom of Naples, by Count Gregory Orloff; Senator of the Russia' Empire ; with two Geographical Maps, Notes, and Addi tions, by M. Amaury Duval, Member of the Royal Institute of France. Bvo., 5 vols.—Paris, 1821. Nearly ten months have elapsed since the ap pearance of the first two volumes of this import ant work ; they contain the historical _part, comprising with much ability, in a small space, the longest history, perhaps, and certainly the most varied, of any in the annals of Nation?.--- Scarcely thirty centuries have passed since the migration of the Greeks into the South of Italy, and subsequently to that event no part of the globe has experienced more frequent and com plete revolutions than the Kingdom of Naples.-- When the petty Greek Republics ceased to de solate it by their divisions, the Romans, by sub jugating it, associated in in their wars ; it be come successively the prey of the Carthaginians, a second time of the Romans, then of the Ostro goths, of the Greek Empire, of the Arabs, of the Normans, of the House of Suabia, of the House of Anjou, afterwards of Aragon, and then of Spain ; it enjoyed some repose under the sceptre of the Bourbons, when a torrent, springing out of the French Revolution, subjected it in the course of a few years to the yoke of a Republic, of a short-lived restoration, to that of Joseph, and of Murat, to a second restoration, a revolution, and lastly to a state of calm which will last a 5 long as Sovereigns shall be more occupied iii securing the stability of their thrones than in ag grandizing their possessions. _ _ - What exits must it not have suffered in be longing to so many masters ? A small district in Germany may form successively a part of Se veral German States without the people scarce!! perceiving it ; its manners, its habits, its relations, its language, nothing is changed ; but it is a very different thing when in the same country we must become Greeks, Arabs, Normans, Spa.niartis: Germans, and French, and when soldiers front the North, the East, and the South, meet on this spot of earth, dispute for its possession, and de populate it. A country favoured by Heaven, ra vaged by men ; this is the description given is all ages, by history, of Naples. After having traced rapidly all the revolutions of this charming but unfortunate Kingdom, Count Orloff now gives us the history of the differeut Ad ministrations which have been Imposed on it. This portion of the work is very curious and very in structive : it occupies the whole of the third vo lume, and with the preceding two completes the historical and political divisions of these Memoir: 4 - We would particularly recommend to the notice of our Readers, chapter IX. of the third volume ; for the excellent and numerous Institutions of Charles 111., known under the name, of Don Carlos, deserve to be as profound?) , studied 0 they have been admired by all Europe. The third part of these Memoirs commence; with the fourth volume, and opens quite a Sir' ferent career. It relates to the literary History of the Kingdom of Naples, whkb it perhaV; carries rather too far back, since it begins wilt' Zaleucus, Charondas, and Pythagoras ; it mai also, perhaps, be extended too widely, for it comprehends in the number of its literary merry Lawyers, Mathematicians, Writers eta Agrirtti" tare, Physicians and Surgeons ; but the Anal° being desirous of exhibiting the progress of the human mind in every science, was fearful °' omitting a single name which was entitled to the public esteem in any branch whatsoever. We confess that in this multitude of ceri brated names, respecting whom the Author rot' given us rather long notices, the majority of the o s , are unknown to us, and others are remembere d only because they are enumE:rated le the ca l S . of Tiraboschi and of Gingteen4K names of Cicero, Ovid, Horace, Shins, StatiOF Juvenal, Petronius, and some others, whorl Count Orloff includes among the illustrious Nes' politans, are quite familiar to all, nor are we e°'" tirely strangers to those of Sannazarius, Potatger and other modern Writers ; but the remainder 0 1 ` . so new to us that we can neither approve o r disapprove the opinions of the Author, and til t warm praises he has bestowed on them. On one passage, however, of the fourth volum e ' we presume to differ from Count Orloff: be ranges himself on the side of those learned mro who place Petronius under the reign Of the Antonines,.whilst others, on the contrail; Iziak e him the cotemporary of Nero, Lucan, and S e necai If proofs, founded on a profound know ledge %c `", elegant latinity, are brought against us, ello": be silent, for our sagacity does not - reach So hig h as to be able to decide whether a Latin turn 0r expression belongs to the year 67, or to the ye ar 140, of the Chriitian a2ra. But the. reasons urg e ' against our opinion appear to us extremely weals.l some say, " Petronius is a noisy declaimer, ;". th is is certainly not a reason for removing him fro' s, the age of. Seneca, Lucan, and the Emperor t° whom is attributed the 64 Tama rnimalioneis implerunt coma hombis."' La Harpe says that the old Trimalcion, 10'4 11 a Sybarite and a Dehauchee, cannot be a cariciv'e tare of Nero—granted ; but this does not pr °i o that the description of the famous supper'co v he not have been written under Nero, - thatigb 1 , 4 Author, when he wrote it, might not have thong"; either of - Nero or' of Poppma. Moralig` says Count Orloff, have been indignant at t h e scandalous picture exhibited by Petronius : bs not these good people read Suetonitisi The $4 ,1 in which an Empress and a mother:tiP Pe ar .: s , naked before her son, in the midst of his 0rg 3 09 , and in which some other equally infato4;lo sc e t occurred, is, to our apprehension, the time su i t to the supper of Trimalcion. - The Collet ° 1 17 6 0 Antonines was assuredly more decent, aa'., o t would be consequently the town. lie yvshh discuss the opinion of those who make Petf ° ) n live under Constantine : if they are in the rlO a we may affirm that very g o o d Latin was cola three centuries after ,Augustus. • The firth and last'voiume is dividod eie parts ; the first of which is a continuation 0'