The Sun. — London, England, 1845-04-21 00:00:00

CO Ul;'‘`'T : The Queen and Frii - 1:-:,7thert, ;he Q''''en , 1) , ) `' ,_ :,. a g.`,. r ." - ,• _ and Gentlemen 1,1 , -, the Duchess of Kent, the Lao:es _ e , Divine z.,„_ eiiT3tr,an:ridtahve term:, in i household, nth eh. a li t ,i en s[ d t, . ;0 ,: i i..1 : 13,1k: n 4.. ha g; p 1 ' ,' Wiiberirce preached t .i i:.t . St, a tiee'. Arccueacu" Leslie Courtenay re- 1 rr non• The Hon. and Rev. C. ied b y Vie toh,elll)trayers. The Queci t i h D e . r w o -a i ger was tittem •• - 'inc i William Ashley. '," lle a ess Brownlow and s,. c ~ , ~ i,.. _,_, Anti , Maria :less of Dent was atter.le I . i 3 I-- , :- I .)' "awsti and the Countess Wratislaw. , , lier Majest and Prince Albert walked yesterday in t4O Loyal GaroensY of Buekingh,an Pala.co. prince AiTrileir Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales,. w i r ed, the Princess Royal, it'd the Princess Alice were sen their accustomed airings Queen an -ir Rub P I had an audienc,, of the yesterday. mlii.dia ert eel 1 1 r I 3 i . • Q ta : °Sal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited the Ir a on Saterlay. liz ek .' s Royal Highness Prince Alb•?r , t rode out j o E n querr i horse n„ Saturday' attended by Cot. 1 , aitin ' Italian t)„_l's `hen 2114 Prince Albert , hon d onr . e e d ver tLe g. The 1 t ,7 1 :a with their presence on Saturday PA 3 ril su ite included the Marchioness of I F )i r , e n d r . o s , t L o, 2il i; ? . : eol ' 'he Cucit•', Viscount Hawarden, Si. The Queen 1 . ) onel Arbuthnot and Colonel Bouverie. . ( . )f ° :-. va er, the Duchess of Kent, the Dike a a ad nd D G ue r h ,, e n s , s i I):•iatahridge, the Hereditary Grand Duke the Gra - •d D °less or I,l ecklenburgh Strelitz, a"' h‘ opia wiptch,iteiLa:_Stephanie of Baden, also ~h , o w n ou_t r , re dw ,t i se a ccurri_ k ni 1 L 'r PreSt4lc e , Th e Qu-en 1t... lg, td4 ,r( s.Y Prioce Ernest i,f Hesse Philippstabl . a i n . d ‘ lirii . i i t:e e C of Saxe Weimar, and was attende 1 nY.,L. ss I:relintess Brow-nlow, Hon. Miss Mitchell, Hon. Alt The Duchess o f Kent itncl ihe Horn William Ashley. ' llawson and „ c was :tttended by Lady Anna Maria of Baden wa.; aountess Wratislaw. The Grand Duchess _ ...,1 wa , :IQ Ce(4l,Pabit d by the Countess of Lincoln, "" d e 8 ,,,_ y t.)e Baroness de Strum.e, e i el le 'id r u'rli i;i bk e . la i st,. ' ' r'l , r and Baron b. Roth t t e ili, n -Nt',''".ie-tY the Queen Dowager, attended 1i . ,,41.. n e - -"sa, Mitchell • dl' Glen visited her Royal - 1 . 1 ,, n, .e Ile ss the birces ' s of Kent on Saturday, Due u l s i e e ' St. dames's. Her Majesty Os') visited ' ~heir ss of Gloucester at Gloucester House. of at Clars ti.e Ic)allnachbilidglet,oitilri tlh-I,,,ighz:rsses the Duke and Duchess ,- Ire and Grand Hereditary Grand 1 - ) " .. le vice 4 of Mecklenbur eh Stroll , z attended Divii s , A.,1 1, Yesterday taorninL't i b;.(inseY-treer, The Duke ' G ot r ' 'sv : nurC `il: service in the afternoon in Kew Chur ch ; hapel, Cambridge atten o d u e ti l Dri ll uchess of CarnbridE, , e, accompanied .by the rill Mary and the Hereditary Grand Dui...hheessss of I 3 eriburgh Strelitzvisited the Grand Duchess en yesterd • ' Her " s Y• "ech e , Val Highness the Duchess of Kent visited the TL:6,(if Gloucester yesterdav the b iz ue Grand Duche- s s - -,. ::, o f Baden visitedr eheS3 of GI -s- —tel''''''.. Her Rye! High- , e,, s ho. Gloucester on Suti,ro:ii. - `isit "nured Sir Robert Pe, -I aril Lady ssthiteluil arde°,ll Saturday, at their re.ilence in ‘" 1 e l' 4 st e - )4 4 of Ca.mbridge visited the Duchess of Glog -7,1:-sYesterday. attend. biri, Grand Duchess Stephanie of BadenE,.,„i in q en l , e serviee yer=ti,rda-, morning id the c .., ec,ge-street.. th-e- Austrian i Ambassador a`ll the ' (4 1, ,;4 14 b a n te e s ss Roy al bietric'nstein paid their respects to her T he ~,± Yesterday. por e 'Juke and Duchess of Hamilton had a . dinner squart,. The ‘,3'esterday at their residence in Portman , Iltl ell '°l2nlD4 V to meet her Royal Highness his Serene s G e i r •a e l i a , i e l li igli a Stephanie of Baden consisted thb t i l e s* Prince Edward of Saxe Weimar, hoifs Excellency 441 41 aricil'erian Minister, the Earl and Countess iJ . °tDeesullrY, Lord and Lady Mahon, and the Marquis Thaglas. t 4 e e a r ?„, u ke af. Wellington and _Earl Talb s o t t a J t a te in n e d s e ,,, d , htt e „ ~ service in the Chapel Royal, '. ' Dr. /4'etie7.....,Th9 prayers were read by the Rev. . .1,14,3,4;81. the sermon was preached by the Rev. () 4 he k r ' l reit qld 4 e and Duchess of Beaufort, the Marquises of ' 4 11 3 y e and Salisbury, the Earl and Countess St. Ger tid ' Ara d e I, an Prudhoe, A 1 ' Ty r LadyDe Manley, anl 4,°uvarth.entell, Prudhoe, Belhaven, a ap el it, attended the daily service yesterday in the lira , ( ? ) . 1 al, St. James's. The prayers were read by, h .4 . ' u• Lunt and the lessons by the Rev. Di. 17:1'n-y`ilril:rhe -seormn'onwas preached by the Rev. IM I. wa s yard The anthem, " Thou, 0 God," Sir sung and Hawkins. (Greene), G Y Mes srs.Horneastle, Chapman, A „4"-'4Firt heedpr at the organ. of P eating of mmi for the government lilit4ldttinville Prison WIIS ' held at the Council Office on ','re id ovule The Commissioners present were the Lord N•ktir6i—ellt of the Council, the Duke of R chmond, the kirof Devon, Lord John Russell, Major Jehb, Mr. U rd, and Mr. Russell. 6, t Wickham, Chairman of the Stamps and Takes, t,',,ati interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer .l',laturday at his official residence in Downing-street. r Bret regret to state that Mr. Baekhouse, late Under littOry of State for Foreign Affairs, who bad ar: tivklid4 Paralysis some limo ago, still continues a great t b i ' €(l l' i tt( i lo .B were sent off on Saturday evening Lula ' 14 4. t 4l 'itti Clffi I . the G - ors of CeY 1 : )11 - of . I . A„ . Ce or Governors . C o mmissioner mm tile t, 'l3, and also for the Lord High Co from , tliaa Islands. '111N,: ESS : S THEATRE. of the Hunch - ucrck m ila, itt ler l 'il''' 44lltll art on Saturday, ap , peaT t e ,y d . in the charac b I and S her i dan .1 - Pori n. 4 More admirable scenes of the play, th e the 1, 0 - ea rlier Julia has never appeared er q w arts. I n the 444 was a mingled tone of heart of the s la ceful t s implicity that at once scenes,. e warm-hearted s Itliethe't°rs, while in the ll'to/Caving sacrificed her love to her impassioned vanity, sli more 11 A(.41 1 -3 fully aware of the fate which she the verge o k „ erg elf were, on , a , e , her Free. , and stands, as it has brought f no eDc r 11(1 3 , ,,ii ic '' from which she can see H er Julia , I vill ,-' dtispair was perfectly appalling. high fame. 144 11f tai lllY add much to her already Edit,- ‘iti,Rcigh Murray, from the Theatre Focal,' audience f or th e ti made hi s bow before a London au Clif ktd.tal,titne in the character of Sir Thomas features, 1 „ 11 (1 ilL'e ha ' s a oorl figure, expressive evident ‘iqkt r earriageg is gra eful. It 4t B . l e t , wa i s f f • it. ,ifill.f u *rin g c...es he V ent but not •, . N• hi i nerv ousness why throe , witn,tanaing , , declamation 1 from lvas nervous ah heaus,,gu, the part admirao.' , '• • subdued wi,s - 41•4 /4 c." Lit, and his action, thoug h au evidently Os , , gettiate and graceful. Mr. Murray is . V € 1. 1 4,, er111 1 and a scholar and he is certainly an °xl,4Ast4l`\clv.tlit:r the vtneertrofipuOel,itaan,s,ibot " a ',lodus ~ ,,r , ( l, ,s i ). t nn,s 11 M :ee'sively quaint. y Mrs. Stirling was the Helen,.. acting it is kar e 1 1.114 e lively oq ttish piece of itiiit,.;rrntl)oißsasiib_le _ttriitiag all called before new Tn e e. At the end of the play farce t tit ' e Lai e n, andr rePeceirvied er t s h were h e k ,e /3(a,L .4dalitatiun from thet the usual entitled Wh vaithrr. F fOllOWel ...„41 old honours. A___o,.i ttlq,nr, whose '" wllich Compton, as an a Wa very infant wh; con'iforti have been invade y ~, - — 4 ch som e one has left inhis be ! , ttit, Y arilusilig. The h was very well attended. 4 , ...._&_,.._ ho use %q t . t-3ITY OF NANKING, AT T t ,, - - 0it1) , ,-, " 4 1-S ' R OYAL PANORAMA, LEWES- W e QUARK Ilk n - Nre 1i,,,, tna, and -(111" Thur adaY admitted to a private view of this n t,:t.Thlical i;in,whether considered in an artistical or in a It t "g p ail " of view, it is certainly the most _jute tilt e atiu it erarna that has been exhibited ears. t r4 _ ll l . a tlifi Y e ! n its extent, the beauty of . the its environs, t,, u 'l ta n , e e °f its far-famed porcelain pagoda.._ n - %tlcit'!kagft:wwish,it,h runs under its walls, thefmeriver I a . g t 4l '`ailk in 'nen flows in its immediate vicinity, all point Itills, the 48 the city, of all others, in the Celestial 44 ,1 ' vtl, e 111%1 worthy the attention of the artist, but 1107.1 it ,f-ti,tecolleet that this far-famed city was also the l'ktrl a 1 11 .1 tri o mPh of our countrymen—that it was on f ,'llkit, lbell han-of-war, moored under the very walls . (6,,, R, th at „ . t1, 1 7' that the ku e Chinese Were compelled, for the e . first time, to nor to their pits,'iiiti tr eat Power of the British was t ) ktNty. i ts 'With the " outside Barbarians " on terms of p kt el k l a m 4 claims on the attention of the British / t,, r4 t°fthe Br itishpublic must be acknowledged to be I.' `" b all- the panorama P ispainted by Mr. Burford, as ‘'al 1 4 11 C apfu l ' S e lous , from p drawings taken on the spot ; p ti Dl4l 4 s G. G. Loch, R.N., Captain Fitzjames, ilbtt n flt ,clart, R•lg , Captain Troubridge, R•N" 'it ' - ` ll of th ' • watched the work du.- and several; I kti 4 p tofrr e expedition have dor ykssit;t4et6B, and furnished Mr. Burfordwith much va- C,Ligettir. 3ne, relied information, : ey of the view l' t ‘_ Il e ti, v. e , l , lie on. Th_ e e , th v e i- ac a lr e a n from a consi ttlit‘e tlit t :Z e i Ina e t x h t e e f n e s r i e N gr s o ul i b i n e u N d r , b ' of the city, situated on towards the south, the tittNlltlitlitektn the opportunity of introducing a meeting 1, 1 11. q e tritish pl enipotentiary, Sir H. P 4 it tin ger, General kitierielgb, Admiral Sir W. Parker, and the Chinese t• ikk °llirnissioners, and although the meeting did t 'kits e Pla ce t t , at at the exact spot, the spectator cannot but it ha. 116 liberty the' artist has taken, inasmuch Ni tt k r kit s . „Wordd him an opportunity of introducing tf (\ Ne t t °1 those celebrated men of whom we have 04,2° blueli. They are surrounded by a group h t tri .' e d 'r ri tt Ait ill- Tartars- and the groupings and costumes l'kkLitekluePa-e_tursque and beautiful. On the north in a 1 4 t,1 144 , N,,h._°ci beautiful suburb is the far-famed porcelain itt l ,'t ti lt , I ' l l. stands boldly out in the foreground, and is bOigd,_Dr.incipal object in this part of the picture—in Virits idle distance is the old city of Nanking, surrounded 4 44 , Nsi l l •rti by the grand canal which is crossed by several tit; t iit, l4 , e native boats of every variety and size add life kt I I th, l°l:l tl , the picture. In the distance beyond the h l tt ee llo t tiv,,er Ya ng - tsze-Kang, with the British fleet ki tt 'll • tf * N0 .." 11 the right is the Tarter town,. one 44 0 ;1 1y '' el l is hidden by ri - ,.1 - .y picturesque eminences, h az y N W°tded. The tombs by the Ming dynasty eittlattik,Ni situated on the distant hills in the % t , t.ll llll , and the eminence, on which is N 4 4- ti ,f, ninddhist Convent, towers magnificently ar c itit gkit of the city. ' The ' groond beyond the toe ;•;(7.4:7ent becomes flat aid marshy. These CI ~,I the —,. liCrniuids. The city stands in a beautiful -t s , I, ill'ertility of which gives it the appear and 410441:g% garden. The panorama itself is very i ns 4 Os t ' t ill executed in a manner beyond all praise. , ) it 00, 4 of the picture is beautiful—the lights " a l 5,, - ` eon, are admirably managed, and after view 4illtp t o 114;4 time is almost impossible not to imagipe 4 is -1 kitzl 4 been bY so memaeical co ntrivanc`a transported fk i •• f 9f the eel . . git,„l,ft estial Empire, so complete and per- ARTISTS' BENEVOLENT INS [I TUTION. Tse usual annivea , aey dinner of the Artists' General Benevelent Institutio ' i was la 1 on Saturday last at the Freemasees'-hall, Great ()l:am-street. About eighty persons sat doe n to the ;limier which was laid on the table at halt- pest six o'clock. The Right Hon. H. Labouchere, M.P., presided: On his right were Lloyd Jones, Esq., and Mr. Baring Wall, M.P ; and on his left Mr. Thomas Baring, M.P. Great credit is due to Mr. Bacon for the style and elegance with which the dinner was served. The wines were of excellent flavour,and the promptitude and zeal nian:fested on the part of Mr. Bacon, and those under him, to meet the wishes of the guests, de serve our highest commendation. After the cloth was removed and grace said, The CHAIRMAN gave as the first toast—" Her Most Gracious Majesty the Queen," which was drunk with enthusiasm. " Prince Albert, the Patron of the Institution," " The Queen Dowager," " The Prince of Wales, and the other members of the Royal Family," " The Army and Navy," were given in succession. The CHAIRMAN then gave as the next toast— " Prosperity to the Artists' General Benevolent Insti tion." Ile sail he was sure that was a toast which scarcely needed any remarks from him to recommend it to an assembly of aetists wh.ase very presence, in deed, showed the interest they felt in it.—(Hear, hear.) He was glad to find that a society like that which had such sacred and benevolent objects in view was in a state of prosperity, and in a condition to carry out, to a considerable extent, its beneficent purposes. That was a society founded by persons who were artists themselves, ard they could not devote themselves to a nobler purpose than that of relieving the wants of their brother artists, who might, from ill health or caprice in the public taste, or some other cause, not have been as success ful as themselves.— (Hear, hear.) Though they might not see the cases in their details, there emit] be no doubt that the funds of the Society had .alle riated the distress and mitigated the sorrows of many an artist, whom ill- health or ill-fortune had struck down. But it was not alone upon artists and the patrons of art that this Society had claims. This Society hed strong claims upon the public at large, for the arts were intimately connected with the na tional proseerity, and there were many important branches of manufacture in which a knowledge of art was indispensable.—(Hear, hear.) The arts were then a matter of national concernment, and as such ought to receive :rational encouragement—(Cheers) —and he was glad to see that they were every day assuming a !kdgher consideration in the national mind. It was a mistake to suppose that the man of much education and of much leisure—the man of cultivated taste or the experienced-connoisseur could plane apa preciate the beauty of art. The sphere of art had a far wider extension—the sympathies of art reach from the highest to the lowest in rank, for the love of a . t had ealsenco in human nature itself. — (Cheers.) Its vocation was to delight, to elevate, and refine, not one class, but every class.—(Hear, hear.) But, as he said before, it had also its more material uses, and he was glad that from the si t u ation he once had the honour of filling he was enabled to contribute something to its extension in regard to manufacturea. The Right Hon. Gentleman then alluded to the School of Design, and the benefits which were likely to accrue from it, and concluded by proposing " The Prosperity of the Society." Mr. P. LLOYD JONES then prop sed the health of the Chairman, who had, after a week of arduous and harassing duties in the House, consented to pre side on the present occasion. The CHAIRAIAN, in returning thanks, said that it was a repose to him, after listening for the previous portion of the week to the dull debates, and the ex hibition 1. of angry and acrimonious feelings, to be called on to preside on such festive occasions as the present. "The Royal Academy," to which toast Mr. Etty, R.A., spoke, " The Royal Commission for the Pro motion of the Fine Arts," "The British Institution and the other Societies for the Promotion of the Fine Arts," to which Mr. Bar in g Wall, M.P., spoke, were then proposed from the chair. Mr. THOMAS BARING, M.P., proposed the h ealth the Treasurer, C. R. Cockerell, R.A. Several other toasts were then proposed, after which the party broke up. In the course of the evening the following sub scriptions were announced:— The Queen £so 0 0 Ri g ht Hon. Henry L sbouchere 2O 10 0 0 0 0 Duke of Northu mb,rlAnd (13th den.) Duke of Norfolk ( 4 t h don.) 5 5 - 0 Ri g ht Hon. W. E. Glad stone lO 10 0 Lady Chantry ( 4 th don) 0 0 0 0 0 Miss Burdett Coutts 10 10 0 Duke of Sutherland ( 9 t h don.) Lo.d Franci Egerton, M.P. (Bth don.) lO 0 0 George Jones, Esq., ILA. (23d don.) Thomas Phillips, Esq., R.A. (27th don.) 5 5 0 Robert Vernon, Esq. (lath don.) 5 0 0 Miss Higham Charles Barry, Esq., R.A. (7th don.) New Society of Painters in Water Colours (2d don.) E. R. Turner, Esq. (sth don.) Sir W. C. Ro,s, R. A. (14th don.) 5 5 0 J. H. Mann, E , q. (16. h don.) 5 5 0 A. R. C‘,cktrell, Esq., R. A. (20th don.) 5 5 0 Lord A3hburton (13.'i d-n ) B. Bond Cabbell, Esq. (18th don.) Sir Richd. Smith, R.A. (13th don.) lO 10 0 David Roberts, Esq ,R A. (6th don.) Lewis Loyd, Esq. Jones Lloyd (3d don.) lO 10 0 E. 111. Eddis, Esq. (2d don.) Baring Wall, Esq~ Messrs. Graves and Co. (6th don.) 5 5 0 Thos. M'Lean , Esq. Thos. Baring, Esq., M.P. W. Etty, R.A. (7th don.) 5 5 0 Thomas Unwins, Esq., R.A. (10th don.) 5 5 0 The total amount of Lontributions was 4731. METROPOLITAN DRAPERS' ASSOCIATION. A public riv>eting of this Association which had been previee l y announce d was held on _Friday evening in the National School-room, Marlborough road, Chelsea, for the purpose of appealing to the in habitants of that neiehbourhood for assistance in the object the Association has in view, via., the earlier closing of shops. T he Rev. Richard Burgess, 13. D., rector of the parish, teak the chair, supported i.)y the most infhential clerey of the district, and other gen tlemen favourable to the cause. Mr. Owen, Mr. Peters, of Sloane-square, Mr. Young, and other ( minent employers were also present. the The Rev. CHAfamme -opened the business of meeting with an address of much eloquence and feel ing, explaining the objects of the Association, which he characterised as a branch of that great movement for the amelioration of the condition of the industrious classes of this country, which is now exciting so much attention among humane and reflecting men. He dwelt in terms of commendation upon the mild and conciliatory manner in which the members of this Association sought to carry out their views, and spoke earnestly of the necessity , a nd the duty f co , operation on the part of a Christian public in the laudable efforts of these young men to procure them selves more time for mental, moral, and religious im provement. In the course of his speech, he stated that he should be happy to afford them all the assist ance in his power, and would gladly de vote a portion of his time to giving lectures upon interesting and instructive subjects during the winter evenings, which might be one mode of spending the additional hours of leisure they were struggling for.—(Loud cheers). Bodily health, however, he considered to be es essential as health of mind, and in summer time ha should like to see them recreating themselves in the green fields, and inhaling the pure invigorating breath of Heaven, rather than passing from the heated shop to .the crowded and equally heated lelture-room. The Rev. J. C. MILLER moved the first resolution, which was as follows : "That this meeting is of opinion that the present custom of keeping shops open in the evening until a late hour, is fraught with the worst results to the health and morals, and wholly at variance with the mental discipline olthese employed therein; and that by affording them litle or no opportunity for social intercourse, or other recreation during the days of business, it is calculated to lead, in numerous instan ces, to an utter neglect of the sacred duties of the Sabbath; and this meeting desires, moreover, to ex press its deep sympathy with the young persons so situated." . . . . In the course of an impressive speech, the reverend g entleman observed, that he so entirely approved of the ohj , cts the Metropolitan Drapers' Association had in view, and felt it so incumbent upon him to further them by every means in his power, that if tho Association thought proper to hold another eating in that neighbourhood ,- he should be happy to allow them the use Orhis—Chiperr,--iind Would willingly side on the occasion, or tale any part in the proceed ings the committee night desire, for heconsidered the question to he intimately connected with the religious welfare of the community. The resolution was seconde d by LEGGETT, Esq. , who dwelt (.% ith much ability upon the s cientific and medical details of the - subject, showing the fatal effects upon tho human frame of over-toil and bad ventilation, and was unanimously adopted. The Rev. WILLIAM NIVEN moved the second re solution, which was to this effect : « That this meeting desires to express its high ap proval of the m easures hitherto ado p ted by the Me tropolitan Drppers' Association, and its conviction that it is the duty of all persons, especially those pro fessing the Christian religion, to co-operate .-for -the attainment of the object of the Association." The reveeend speaker made a forcible appeal to the meeting to support the Association upon Scrip- TBI 4 Sc N, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, APRIL 21, 1845. tural grounds, in the course of which he said, that at first he had some doubts, notwithstanding his ap proval of the objects of the Association, whether as a Christian minister he had not sufficient to occupy his attention i.i matters of, as ho imagined, a more strictly religious character, but upon examination he found that this question of earlier hours bore so strongly upon the moral and religious interests of those concerned, that he unhesitatingly came for ward at once upon religious grounds to support it. The reolution was seconded by the Rev. J. PAT-. TESON, in a short but effective speech, and unani mously adopted. COOKE EVANS, Est. moved, and the Rev. W. H. HOWARD seconded the third resolution, which was also carried unanim:usly, and was as follows : " It appearing very evident that if persons would ab s'ain from visiting shops in the evening, the chief, and indeed the only inducement to keep them open until a late hour would be removed, those composing this meet ing now pledge themselves that henceforward they will purchase no article unnecessarily after six o'clock in the evening, and that th y will do ell in their power to pre vail upon others to act upon the same determination." A vote of thanks to the Chairman, for his able conduct in the chair, was then moved by Mr. LtL WALL and seconded by Mr. RENNIE, which was car ried by acclamation. The REV. GENTLEMAN briefly acknowledged the compliment, and the meeting, which was numerously and respectably at ended, separated. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITU- TION MR. RUSSELL'S LECTURE. The directors of this most useful institution, ever anxious to cater for the public, have engaged Mr. J. Russell to give a series of lectures on " Character," illustrated by music. He commenced by alluding to the great prevalence and popularity of song• sing ing in England, so early as the Saxon time, and that no gentleman was thought of winless gifted with this accomplishment, and also it was quite as much in 'vogue among the lower class ; he then satirically described the affectation and absurdities so often met with in singing ladies and gentlemen in private par ties of our present day, when he most humorously described a lady who sings a leetle flat, she who sings a little sharp, the gentleman who gargles his song, and another who sings " Oh no, we never mention her" with a bad cough. One man sings through his teeth, another through his nose, a small gentleman with a small voice volunteers "Mad Tom of Bedlam," and a hero with a stentorian voice warbles " listen to the voice of Lye." Mr. Russell was accon:- panied by Dr. Wallis, musical director of the Poly technic Institution, in a most admirable manner. The great object Mr. Russell wishes to gain is to point out these absurdities of the would-be singers, •-ancl- he advises them to choose the Wordi - of the song that may be worth hearing as their music is a railway for this pleasant conveyance. Both are requisite for complete pleasure. Mr. Russell concluded his lee ture with one of his hints to those who keep all the words to themselves, which is so often the case, which he illustrated with the Pasticcio, a mock Italian Bravura, which elicited roars of laughter from a very large audience, which quite filled the theatre of the Royal Polytechnic Institution. changed, and for the better. This is nowhere more manifest than in the intercourse with foreign nations whom our forefathers encountered only in the "tented field." A foreigner was synonymous with a fee ; while we, having laid aside the sword, are as eager in the rivalry of literature and arts as they were in the din of battle. The hearts of nations now beat in unison, and the narrow rivulets which fertilised each separate land, now flow in one broad stream of intelligence, diffusing the knowledge of each for the benefit of the whole. This must be ap parent to all who turn their attention to the literature of the day. Works from the English press circulate through the world, and we see around U 3 transla tions from every land where learning flourishes; even Sweden and Denmark are now familiar, while our intercourse with France is as cordial as our enmity was formerly. M. Thiers' history was published on the same day in the two capitals, and the lighter works of fiction are translated to one language almost before they are read in the other ; such is the case with the book before us, one of the latest , productions of the indefatigable Eugene Sue. His name is well known to the lover of,romance, and his writings are eagerly perused both in France and England ; they may have a lasting celebrity in the former country, but in England they are chiefly read from curiosity, or perhaps from having acquired the pr es ti ge o f a name. The dif ferent characters of the two nations is marked in their literature—the novels of the French are like them selves, li‘ely, vivacious, spirited; they sparkle brightly on the surface, and attract general attention. Their chief merit consists in variety of incident ; plots, and counter-plots, intrigues and adventures may be found in every page. it is on this account they excel in comedies and vaud ev illes. All our light dramatic pieces are " taken from the French." i3ut in the development of individual character, in portray ing the hidden working o f th e p ass i o ns, they cannot compete with us. Our n ove l s h av e generally some object in view, some point to which the whole tends, but with them the aim is only to amuse, and to do them justice they generally succeed—leaving us to " point a moral" — their object is to " adorn a tale." Though following in the course of his compatriots, the works of Eugene Sue possess a gloomy interest, all his own. He has delighted to portray the scenes of guilt and misery; his heroes are men celebrated only for their crimes. By his own confession he believes that evil prepon derates over good, and he seems anxious to make converts to his melancholy creed. Such tales may suit the excited passions and depraved minds of some, but surely truth is sad enough without invok in g horror from the realms of fancy. Admiring the .owerful ease with which Monsieur Sue adorns his pages, we cannot help • wishing that he would consecrate his talents to some noblerend than the chronicles of crime. It" is oh' this account we welcome his new work, wear ing as it does the sober garb of history. It performs all it promises : truth is minutely followed, and the corrupted Court of the " Grand Monarque" appears before us divested of the empty splendour with which so many servile flatterers have sought to veil its faults and follies. The caustic pen of Eugene is well suited to the task, in portraying the characters of the great and powerful—not as kings and princes, but as weak and faulty men—in showing how little of real glory surrounded the " grand siècle," and how little of real majesty adorned the acts of Louis—here Sue is in his element. The hero of the tale is the weak and unprincipled De Rohan, the accomplished courtier and cowardly conspirator— " Not half a villain, and but half a knight." The chequered career of this unfortunate man, the detail of the conspiracy of which he was the nominal chief, the characters of his com panions, above all, the description of the King an d courtiers, are depicted with all the . vigour we should i expect from the author, while its historical researches and practical philosophy render it perhaps the most interesting of his productions. In the wide field of history he will find sin and sorrow enough—let him therefore seek the aid of fancy to embellish and not darken the page of truth. UNIVERSITIES OF OXFORD AND CAMBRIDGE. Under the administration of Lords Grey and Mel bourne, the question of reforming the two Universities, and rendering them less exclusive, made considerable progress, in as well as out of Parliament; and it was once confidently expected that, long before this, consi derable changes would have been made. The prepon derance, however, of such Members as form the staple of the majority in the present Parliament, has thrown back all hope of success for some time to come, and it is highly to the credit of that able member, Mr. Christie, that he still perseveres. His motion, this year, was for a commission of inquiry into " all matters relating to the privileges, revenues, trusts, and to the state of educa tion, learning and religion in the U niversities of Oxford and Cambridge." From the various details with which the speech of the Hon. Member for Weymouth abounded, we will select a few of those possessing most general interest. The Regius Professorships in these Universities have endow ments of 2401. each per annum; and tha Arabic Profes • sorships of 6401. There are eighteen canonries, three benefices, and several other preferments annexed to p p s y r o i g f h C t 0 0 l l f e gael works The theyU ni v p e o r s h i l t i i s e h s h a w v e h i a e variou; Professorships, and several canonries a ttached l p li e e tu a a d l sh co i p to er private authors have but forty-two years. They have also a copy each of every work published in the United Kingdom. They are exempt from the statute of mortmain. They have the peculiar powsrs of grant ing degrees fur practice in the Ecclesiastics]. Courts ; and with their degrees, individuals can pass through the inns of court in considerably less time than otherwise. Their church patronage is immense. The University of Cambridge has in its gift 305 livings, of which the declared annual value is 113,000/. ; that of Oxford has 440 livings, of the value of which there is not a com plete return ; but, if calculated upon the basis of the Cambridge return, their value will not be less than 308,000/. per annum. Beside this the two institutions have the granting of privileges of the value of 173;00 01 . per year to those who receive them. They have . one half per cent. returned by Government on the stamp duties on degrees, which duties, with fees, are paid to them by the individuals. The Universities had at one time the monopoly of the printing of lm a--anace, and charged the Stationers Com pany 1,000/..per annum for its exercise. That body, in 1775, declined to make the payment ; and the Act im posing a Stamp Duty upon almanacs having passed shortly after, the Universities possessed sufficient influ ence to procure the insertion of a clause by which this 5001 a year each was permanently secured to them. in the shape of the payment from the Board of Stamps and Taxes, and though, when the almanac -duty was repealed the revenue ceased to derive any return benefit from this source, yet the paym ent i i n the still continued ; though nothing is done in way of service to the public. The Universit ies have, with the Queen's printer, the sole right of printing kthe Scriptures ; and, until a recent period , their profits ora this source amounted to about 12,0001 per annum, be sides an additional advantage of 6,0001 a year, as a drawback upon all the papers so used . When a similar monopoly in Scotland was abolished, a short time ao, by the exertions of Dr. Thornaon, of of ream,t, The Sun and one or two others, aided by were paper—Scotch Bibles being saleable here,m p e titiun brought at greatly reduce d p rices int° in of latter with English ones, and n ecessarily reduce v. of the to the great benefit of the poor and the g. sa in with the funds—or rather the increased exertisons. ties and same funds—of Bible and Missionary ?me i ta , xed, Sabbath-schools ; the poor having been previolus y eded and the circulation of the Word of God great y for the profit of the se g reat religious institutions! .Tne monopoly fit, the has been virtually destroyed; but the Univer sities still possess , in a ddition to the ordinary pro ha a dvantage of payi n g no paper duty; an in d several they lave the like exemption u p on works printed - ages. There are many particu l a rs in which the Universities need to be reformed, in order to render them, whether in science, literature , or religion, worthy of the high position they assume, and of the great advantage they possess. The main question, h ow ever, for general discussion is the religious exclu siveness of these institutions. h At Cambridge persons not of the churc establishment are admitted to study; but, whatever their attainments, can not take demrees. At Oxford, subscription to the thirty. nine articles is required, and thereforeh they are entirely excluded. It is a common notion t at these are ex elusively church foundations, and that therefore there is no hardship in the matter. But the fact is, R that the Universities were founded_ by.noman Catholics, and various endowments we re added Catholic times. Since the establishment of Protestantism, numerous have been set up. So that, as professorshil:?, Ste., a upon the question of right, depending tions of the founders, Catholics and members of the Establishment have an equal claim, in proportion to the endowments made by the respective founders. As to Protestant Dissenters, they have no such claim ; though the Cch many eminent men, members of , have ad• v u eated their admissi on on the ground o fhur national ex iderin 7 . that increased pediency and benefit; cons femula tion would give a stim ulus to learning, so ten prejudices, remove animosities, and produce harmony among g various classes of the people. Probably, ere long, the difficulty may be met, by further additions, at the expense of the State, and on condition of all parties b being eligible. The discussion upon this question as happened op portunely, we think, while the scheme of more richly Catholic College is under c • endowing a Roman onsidera• Lion ; though no one, in or out of Parliament, as far as we know,has noticed the connexion of the two. We sug gest as a good point of resistance to the Maynooth Bill, that some independent member should move as a substitute for the whole grant, the admission of C at h o . lies to Oxford and Cambridge, as matter of right, arising from Catholic foundations ; leaving Maynooth, like other denominational i ns titutions, to voluntary sup port.— Whitehuven Herald. including 1,000!. THE MARINE SOCIETY. —The anniversay dinner of this Society took place at the London Tavern, on Thursday Mr. W. Astell, M.P., in the chair. The subscriptions during itohe,ihe;e4itivetrya;nfluirontnegdlit'othlegliA"ence of the Marquis' dt Wegio made over. minster. from the remains of a fund which the late Captain Brereton had collected for an unbuccessful attempt at infant co lonization of the Cape of Good Hope. PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS. (From the Rotes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.) SATRUDAY, APRIL 18. 3IAYNOOTH COLLEGE BILL. Motion made, said Question proposed, " That the Bill be now read a second time :"—Amesulment proposed, to leave out the word " now," and at the end of the Question to add the words " upon this day six months :"—Question put, " That the word ' now' stand part of the Question." The House divided : MAJORITY—AYES, 323. Acland, Sir T. D. Ferguson, Colonel Ord, William Acland, T. D. Ferguson, Sir R. A. Ossulston, Lord A'Court, Captain Fitzinaurice, W. Oswald, Alexander Adare, Viscount Fitarby, Henry Oswald, James Adderley, C. B. Fitzwilliam, G. W. Owen, Sir John Aglionby, H. A. Fleetwood, Sir P. Paget, Colonel Ainsworth, Peter Flower, Sir J. Paget, Lord W. Aldam, William Follett, Sir W. Paget, Lord A. Anson, Colonel Forster, Matthew Pakington, J. S. Archbold, Robert Fox, C. R. Palmerston, Viscount Armstrong, Sir A. Fremantle, Sir T. Parker, John Arundel, Earl of French, F. Patten, J. W. Bagot, William Gaskell, J M. Peel, Sir R. Baillie, Colonel Gibson, T. M. Peel, Jonathan Baird, William Gladstone, W. E. Pendarres, E. W. Barclay, David Gladstone, Captain Pennant, Colonel Baring, F. T. _Godson, Richard Philips, G. It. Baring, Thomas Gordon, Captain Phillpotts, John Baring, W. B. Gore, Montague Pigot, David Barnard, E. G. Gore, Robert Pigot, Sir It. Barneby, John Goulburn, Henry Ponsonby, C. F. A. Barrington, Viscount Graham, Sir J. Praed, W. T. Bell, Matthew Granby, Marquis Pusey, Philip Bell, John Granger, T. C. Rawdon, Colonel Bellew, R. M. Greene, T. Redlngton, T. N. Bentinck, Lord G. Grey. Sir George Reid, Sir John Berkeley, Craven Guest, Sir J. Repton, G. W. J. Blackburn, J. I. Hale, R. B. Rice, E. R. Blake, M. J. lialford, Sir H. Roebuck, J. A. Bodkin, W. H. - Hamilton, W. J. Ross, D. R. Boldero, H. G. Hamilton, Lord C. Round, John Bottleld, Beriah Harcourt, G. G. Roue, Captain Bowes, John Hatton, Captain Rumbold, C. E. Bowles, Admiral . Hawes, Benjamin Russell, Lord J. Bowring, Dr. Ilayter, W. G. Russell, Lord E. Bramston, T. W. Heathcote, Sir W. Russell, Charles Broadwood, H. lieneage, G. H. W. Russell, J. D. W. Brotherton, Josepk Heneage, -Edward Rutherftird, A. Browne, W. Herbert, Sidney Sandon, Viscount Brownrigg, J. S. Heron, Sir Robert Scott, Robert Bruce, Lord E. Hervey, Lord A. Scrope, G. P. Bulkeley, Sir It. 'Linde, JAL Seymour, Sir H. Buller, Charles llobhouse , Sir J. Shell, R. L. Buller, Edward Hogg, J W Shelburne, Earl Butler, P. S. Holland, Robert Sheppard, Themes Byng, George Holmes, W. A'Court Sheridan, It. It. Byng, G. S. 'Hope, Charles Smith, Benjamin Campbell, Sir H. Hope, G. W. Smith, J. A. Cardwell, Edward Iforsman. Edward Smith, T. B. C. Carew, R. S. Howard, C. W. Smythe, George Carew, W. H. P. Howard, J. K. Somes, Joseph Carnegie, Captain Howard, E. G. Somerset, Lord G. Castlereugh,Viscount Howard, P. 11. Somerville, Sir W. Cavendish, C. C. Howard, Henry Somes, Joseph Cavendish, G. H. Howard, Sir R. Sotheron, T. H. Chapman, B. Ilowick, Viscount Standish, Charles Charteris, Francis Hume, Joseph Stansfleld, W. R. C. Chelsea, Viscount Hutt, William Stanton, W. H. Childers, J. W. Ingestrie, Viscount Staunton, Sir G. Cholmondeley, H. Irving, John Stewart, John Clay, Sir W. James, Sir W. C. Stuart, W. V. Clayton, It. R. Jennyn, Earl Stock, Sergeant Clerk, Sir George Jocelyn, Viscount Strait, Edward Clifton, J. T. Johnstone, Sir J. Sutton, H. AL Clive, Viscount Kelly, Fitzroy Tancred, H. W. Clive, R. H. Knight, H. G. Tennent, J. E. Cobden, Richard Labouchere, Henry Theslger, Sir F. Cockburn, Sir G. Lambton, H. Themely, Thomas Colborne, W. R. Langston, J. H. Tollemache, F. J. Colebrooke. Sir T. • Lascelles, W. S. Tomline, George — Collett, John Leader, J. T. Towneley, John Collins, William Legh, G. C. Trull, George Coote, Sir C. H. Lemon, Sir C. Trelawny, J. S. Corry, Henry Lennox, Lord A. Trench, Sir F. W. Conrtenay, Lord Leveson, Lord Trevor, G. R. Cowper, W. P. Liddell, H. T. Tune, H. M. Craig, W. G. Lincoln, Earl Vane, Lord H. Cripps, William Lindsay, Hugh Vernon, G. H. Currie, Raikes Listowel, Earl Villiers, Charles Dalmeny, Lord Loch, James Villiers, Viscount Dalrymple, Captain Lyall, George Vivian, J. H. Darner, Colonel Macaulay, T. B. Walker, Richard Dawson, T. V. Mackenzie, W. F Wall, C. B. Denison, W. J. Mackinnon, W. J. Walsh, Sir J. B. Denison, John E. Macuamara, Malor Warburton, H. Denaistonn, J. M`Geachy, F. A. Ward, H. G. D'Eyncourt, C. T. M‘Neill, Duncan Watson, W. H. Dickinson, F. 11. Mahon, Viscount Wawn, John T. Dlvett, Edward Mangles, R. D. Wellesley, Lord C. Dodd, George Manners, Lord C. S. White, Samuel Douglas, Sir C. Manners, Lord J. Whitmore, T. C. Douro, Marquis March, Earl Wilde, Sir T. Dowdeswell, W. Marshall, William Williams, William Drummond, H. It. Martin, John Wilshere, W. Duncan, Viscount Martin, C. W. Winnington, Sir T. Duncannon, Viscount Martin, T. B. Wodehcuse, Edmond buncombe, A. Matheson, James Wood, Colonel T. Dundas, David Mildmay„H. St. John Wortley, Lord East, J. B. Milnes, R. M. Wortley, James S. Easthope, Sir J. Mitcalfe, Henry Wortley, John S. Eastnor, Viscount Mitchell, T. A. Wrightson, W. B. Ebrington, Viscount Murphy, F. S. Wynn, C. W. W. Egerton, Lord F. Murray, Alexander Wynn, Sir W. W. Ellice, Rt. Hon. E. Napier4Sir C. Wyse, Thomas Elphinstone, H. ' Neville, Ralph Yorke, H. R. Emlyn, Viscount Nicholl, John Escott, Bickham Norreys, Lord TILLERS. Esmonde, Sir T. O'Conor, Don Toung, John Estcourt, T. G. O'Ferrall, R. M. Baring, Henry MINORITY—NOES, 176. Ackers, James Egerton, W. T. M'Taggart, Sir J. Acton, Colonel Egerton, Sir P. Mainwaring, T. Antrobus, Edmund Entwisle, William Marton, George Arbuthnott, H. Ewart, William Diastennan, John Arkwright, George Farnham, E. B. Maule, Fox Astell, William Felidea, W. Itiatuisell, T. P. Bagge, William Fielden, John Maxwell, J. P. Bailey, J., jun. Fellowes, Edward Morris, David Bankes, George Ferrand, W. B. Mundy, E. M. Baskerville, T. B. Filmer, Sir t. Muntz, G. F. Bateson, Thomas Fitzroy, Lord C. Neeld, Joseph Beckett, William Flo Mott, John Neeld, John Beresford, Major Forbes, William Newdegate, C. N. Bernard, Viscount Forman, T. S. Newry, Viscount Blackstone, W. S. Fox, S. L. Northland, Viscount Blewitt, R. J. Fuller, A. E. O'Brien, A. S. Bouverie, E. P. Giaborne, Thomas Packe, C. W. Boyd, John Gore, W. R . Palmer, Robert Bradshaw, James Gore, W. R. 0. Pattison, James Bright, John Goring, Charles Pluniptre, J. P. Brisco, M. Greenall, Peter Polhill, Frederick Broadley, 11. Gregory, W. H. PollingtonZlriscount Brocklehurst, J. Grimsditels, T. Powell, Colonel Brooke, Sir A. Grogan, Edward Pringle, Alexander Bruce, C. L. C. Hallyburton, Lord Protheroe, Edward Bruen, Colonel Hamilton, J. H. Rendlesham, Lord Bruges, W. H. Hamilton. G. A. Richards, Richard Buck, L. W. Hampden, aeon Rolleston, Colonel Buckley, Edmund Hanmer, Sir J. Round, C. G. Buller, Sir J. F. Hardy, John Rushbrooke, Col.. Burrell, Sir C. Harris, Captain Ryder, G. D. Burroughs, H. N. Basile, ;Archibald Sanderson, Richard Campbell, J. H. Hayes, Sir Edmund Shaw, Frederick Chapman, Aaron Heathooat, John Sibthorp, Colonel Chetwode, Sir J. Henley, J. W. Smith, Abel Christie, W. D. Hepburn, Sir T. Smyth, Sir H. Christopher, It. A. Hindley, Charles Smollett, A. Codrington, Sir W. Hodgson, F. Spooner, Richard Cole, H. A. Hornby, John Stanley, Edward Colvile, C. R. Hughes, W. B. Stewart, P. M. Compton, M. C. Itumphery, Alderman Stuart, Henry Connolly. Colonel Hussey, Ambrose Talbot, C. R. Copeland, Alderman Hussey, Th6mas • Taylor, Edward Crawford, W. S. Inglis, Sir R6ll. - Taylor. J. A. Cartels, H. B. Je vin. John , . • Tollemache, John Darby, George Johnstone, Hope - Tower, Christopher Dawnay, W. H. Jolllffe, Sir W. Trowbridge, Sir E. Deedes, William Jones, Captain Turn: r, Edmund Denison, E. B. Kemble, Henry Tumor, Christopher Dick, Quintin Knight, F. W. Tyrrell, Sir J. T. D'lsraell, B. Knightley, Sir C. Verner, .Colonel Douglas, Sir H. Law, C. E. Vyv% an, Sir R. Douglas, J. D. S. Lawson, Andrew Waddington, M. S. Dugda:e, W. S. Lefroy, Anthony Wakley, Thomas Duke, Sir J. Leslie, C. P. Welby, G. E, Dunean, George Long, Walter Wyndham, Colonel Duncornbe, T. Lowther, Sir J. H. Duncombe, 0. Lowther, Colonel TZLLSRS. Du Pre, C. G. Mackenzie, T. Aekley, Lord Eaton. 11.. 1 4 Maclean, Donald Colquhoun, J. C. We understand that no Members paired for the divi sion on the Maynooth grant, consequently, allowing for vacancies, about 150 have not voted. Among these are many Irish Members, who would have voted with the majority. . 0 ms -. Week Last 1 •• '.. ending NAME OF RAILWAY. week. p . . C.' b . US - ---• A A April 12 Arbroath and Forfar ••••••-• • • • • • • • 216 118 11 Birmingham and Gloucester ••••• • • • • • 3,657 2,229 - Brandling Junction . - - Bristol and Gloucester . - - 11 Chester and Birkenhead .•••••• • • • • • • 569 568 10 Dublin and Drogheda - 15 Dublin and Kingstown ••• • • • 13 Dundee and Arbroath . ....... •••• • • • 293 222 12 Durham And Sunderland .•••••• • • • • • • 530 312 12 Edinburgh and Glasgow .••• • • • ... - 2,625 2,209 13 Eastern Counties and North Eastern • • 4,566 4,176 12 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr ••• • • • 1,655 1,334 12 Glasgow and Greenock .•••• • • .. •• .. 824 712 12 Grand Junction ........... ......... 8,924 7,607 12 Great North of England .. •• • • ...... 1,823 1,518 13 Great Western ... ..... ............. 15,779 15,624 11 Liverpool and Manchester •• • • 12 London and Birmingham .•••• • • - • • 16,034 16,415 13 London and Blackwail ••••••• • • • .• • • 837 947 12 London and Brighton ..•••.•• • • • • . • • 3,730 4,722 15 London and Croydon . ..... ..... • 17 London and Greenwich .•••••• • • • • • • 842 758 12 London and South Western. •• •• •• - 5,693 6,677 13 Manchester, Bolton, and Bury B6B 867 11 Manchester and Birmingham •••• • • - 3,618 3,426 12 Manchester, Leeds, and Hull Assoc.• 7,054 6,5.3 12 Midland Counties .••••••••• • • . • • • • • • 10,722 8,532 12 Newcastle and Darlington ••••• • • • • • 1,295 - 12 Newcastle and Carlisle ••••••• • • • • • • • 1,367 1,301 13 Newcastle and North Shields. ••. • • - * 358 379 11 North Union and Bolton and Preston 1,391 1,372 14 Paris, Corbeil, and Orleans ••••• • • • • • 5 , 8 33 5,418 14 Paris and Rouen . • .•. • •• 12 Prestonand Wyre ••••.•••• . • • • • • • • • 4r 6 234 12 Sheffield and Manchester •••• . • • ..... 668 793 17 South Eastern •.•••••••• • • • „ • • • • • .. 4,068 12 Taff Vale •• • • ••....... . • • • • • • • • ... 3,745 931 673 12 ,Tarmouth and Nefrilch .........:::: 2 6 7, 2 5 7 0 : I :: 243 12 York and North -Midland . •.... . - • Mr. Lawrence and Lady Jane Peel and family bp*, after a !orbited needful at rub, returod t o t ai, muntii, !lEALTW of the WORKING CLASSES. (From th ix Popular Record of Modern Science') PREVENTI VE TR,EATME NT OF THE DISEASES OCCASIONED BY THE USE OF LEAD. There are snore than forty trades which are injuri ous to the he. tlth of those who work at them, all hav ing poisonous 'effects, which are not unfrequently fatal to life. The worst of all, are those in which a che mical prepantio:m of lead forms the basis of the manu facture, such sek litharge, white lead, minium, &c., &c. Melting and fklAting - houses, shot manufactories, type foundries, the application of the various pre parations in potteries and gliss houses, of the . salts of lead in painting and building, the pulverization of colours, the dyeing horse hair stuffs black, polishing, &c., &c., all employ a consi derable number of workmen, wo are exposed to the action of large quantities of volatilised poisonous matter, in the form of vapour, dust, or solution. The absorbing surface of the body comes in contact with these pernicious substances, which are taken up with increased rapidity as the frame be comes excited by labour. Thus most of the unhappy artisans whom necessity forces into these pestilential workshops, come to the hospitals after a few months or even weeks, with every symptom of the wont cases of poison. They are generally attacked by violent cholic which, if it be not fatal, is f o ll owe d by extreme debility, and often incurable paralysis. The less frequent symptoms are epileptic, which, if not immediately fatal, are succeeded by paralyses, mental alienation, cachexy, and weakness, all beyond the reach of medicine. It is an obvious duty, both of superintendents and medical men, to use every effort towards the cure and prevention of these maladies, and it will be useful to make known to the public the preventive treatment which has been employed and approved of by Doctors Gendrin, Brisset, and Meunier, physicians to the hospitals in Paris ; Priesso, and Solari, of the hospital at Genoa; Bertini, physician to the great hospital of the equestrian ordsr of St. Maurice, and St. Lazarus, at Turin ; P. F. Curie, head physician to the Homceo pathic hospital in London, Henry Bennet, sub-editor of the Lancet, E. Chepmell, &c. &c. This treatment is extremely simple, and only re quires the workmen to submit to the following pre cautions :—They are to take two baths of soap and water every week, occasionally adding a little sulphur, and are carefully to wash the uncovered parts of the body with soap and water at every in terval between their working hours. They are to drink one or two glasses of lemonade, made with sulphuric acid, every day, according to the greater or lesser quantity of dust or poisonour vapour with which the surrounding atmospheres may be charged. At the same time they should be more careful than the followers of any other trade, to abstain from the use of spirituous liquors. The efficacy of this preventive treatment is easily explained by the fact, that the mineral poison ab sorbed is thus converted into a soluble, and therefore innoxious salt (sulphate of lead), and the saturnine particles depsited on the surface of the body are taken away. The sulphuric lemonade and common soap may be had for a few pence each week, and in the large, and consequently most unwholesome esta blishments, the condensed water from the steam engines, now thrown away, may be advantageously employed for the baths. The proprietors would find an immense advantage in providing accommodations and ingredients for these purposes ; as by these means they would be able to retain experienced workmen, instead of suffering the annoyance of a constant suc cession of inexperienced hands. ACCIDENT RELIEF SOClETY.—Yesterday afternoon, a sermon on behalf of this charitable institution was preached at the church of St. Mary Somerset, in Upper Thames-street, by the Rev. Henry Cole, M.A. After a very eloquent appeal by the reveren'l gentleman, a very satisfactory amount was collected. It would seem that the funds of the institution have been very severely pressed upon during the past winter. BELFAST PROTESTANT PETITION IN FAVOUR OF THE MAYNOOTH GRANT. Yesterday (Wednesday) after noon this petition, a copy of which we published, was placed in the Commercial News-room, and received, in the course of the evening, about one hundred and fifty signatures, including the names of four or five magistrates, several bankers, and a number of the other leading inhabitants of the town. The number of signatures, from such a class of people, is greater than we recollect being attached, in the same place, and in so short a time, to any petition ; and, what is very gratifying, they are those of Whigs, Tories, and Radicals, and of all shades of Protes- tanti":;n. The good feeling and proper spirit displaved, in this instance, are honourable to the town.—Northern Whig. THE SII AP WICK MURDERS.—The wretched con vict, Sarah Freeman, since her trial has assumed a de meanour somewhat more becoming her awful situation. We understand that she has generally behaved well since her sentence, displays much shrewdness in her remarks, and understands everything she reads. She has, however, made no confession, nor has she expressed a wish to see any one. Her brother, nevertheless, was admitted .to see her on Sunday, when, after affirming that " every body was against her," she strongly asserted her own inno- cenCe, and attempted to criminate the relative then visiting her. At present she exhibits so resolute a tone that but little hopes are entertained of her making a confession. We learn Ault her spirits are, at times, exceedingly good. The execu innis fixed for Wednesday next.—Taunton Courier. VOL. HI. OF M. TRIERS' HISTORY OF THE CON suLATE.--We are requested to state that Mr. Colburn, of Great l'.larlborough-street, has this day published the third volume, Bvo., price 55., M. A. Thiers' "History of the Consulate and Empire," a sequel to his " Histor of the French Revolution," which can now be bad of al booksellers. Mr. Colburn has also just published:- 2. Peninsular Sketches, by Actors on the Scene; edited by W. H. Mawcll, Esq., author of " Stories of Waterloo," &c., 2 vols., 21s. bound. 3. The Duke of Wellington's Maxims and Opinions, Bvo., I4s. bound. 4. Revelations of Spain in 1845, by an English Resident, 2 vols., 21s. bound. 5. The Nelson Letters and Dispatches, vol. 11., Bvo., 15s. bound. 6. Three Years in Constantinople; or, Domestic Manners of the Turks, by C. White, Esq., 3 vols., with 34 Illustrations, 31s. 6d. bound; and 7. Letters of a German Countess, written during her travels in Turkey, Egypt, the holy Land, &c., in 1843 4., 3 vols., small Bvo. On Thursay last the Master of the Rolls gave judgment in the case of the Attorney-General v. the Lord Mayor and Corporation of the City of London, overruling the demurrer pleaded by the defendants, and sustaining the information filed on her Majesty's behalf. The effect of this judgment is, that the defendants must answer the information, and set forth the title under which they claim to be owners of the bed and shores of the river Thames. We some time since took occassion to direct the at- tention of our readers to the institution of these pro ceedings, and to the important public interests involved in their result. We may now, therefore, congratulate them upon the accomplishment of this the first practical step on the part of the advisers of the Crown to vindi cate its rights, and ultimately to ensure for the inhabi tants of this vast city such a system of management, both as regards the navigation of the Thames and the appropriation of its shores, as the requirements of its trade and the rational enjoyments of its increasing popu lation have long called for.—,Obset ver. THE WILL OF THE LATE REV. SYDNEY SMITH.— Probate of the will and three codicils of the Rev. Sydney Smith, late of Combe Florey, in the county of Somerset, sad of 56, Green. street, Grosvenor-square, clerk; canon residentiary of at. Paul's Cathedral, has just been granted to his relict, Catherine Amelia Smith, the sole executrix. The personal estate is sworn under 80,0011. The will is of great • length; and professionally drawn and fairly copied, except the conclusion, which is in the testator's handwriting; it is dated June 6, "1843. He directs the trustees to pay ever to his wife 10,0001:. Immediately after his decease, for her own absolute use, and bequeaths to .her for her life the rents arising from the Guildhall Coffee-house, and the house in Charles. street, Berkeley.square, and all interests and dividends payable from securities in America and France; he also leaves to her the hou e in Green-street, and the ftftniture and effects in and about the same, and expresses a wish that she .should continue to reside therein, and after her decease he directs that a moiety of the rents should remain as settled by himself and wife under a deed ; the other moiety he bequeaths to his son, Wyndham Smith, and ap points him reversionary residuary legatee. Bequeaths legacies to his servants; and on the death of his wife he leaves to his servant, Anne Kaye, a legacy of 1001. and an annuity of 30/. The tes. tator concludes his will by the following bequests and directions, in his own hand :-1 appoint my wife sole executrix. 1 leave to Sarah Westwood, and to Massey, the housemaid at Combe Florey, 101. each; to Christopher Hodgson —, to buy a fiat silver candlestick, on which shall be engraven, " to commemorate the confidence and good nature of many years;'' I will also that not only the dilapidation' of Combe Florey, but those also of all my ecclesiastical preferments, shall be paid for out of my estate by my trustees, and not out of the property bequeathed to my wife; and I will also that Wyndham Smith do settle himself apart from his mother, and that he receive the an nuity which she is directed to pay him only upon the ex press condition of establishing a domicile for himself apart from his mother, and the annuity to be paid by the trustees on the same condition.—Svoney SMITE! The codicils are entirely in the testator's handwriting. By the first, dated January 3, 1844, he bequeaths to his son, Wyndham Smith, an annuity 0f.5001., on the conditions named in the will. By the viand codicil, dated Octo ber 18, 1844, he appoints Nathaniel Hilbert and Dr. Holland to be his trustees, in the room of those appointed by the will, and leaves 101. to Mary Chitty. The third codicil is in these words :—" I revoke that part of my will which relates to the property which is to be conveyed to Wyndham Smith by my trustees after my death, and that of his mother, and I direct that there shall be conveyed to him after that period the sum of 30,0001. of Three per Cent. Re. duced Government Stock, as also the fortune he is to receive from me; • nd I leave to my wife m y houses in Green-street an d Charles • street, the Guildhall, Coffeehouse, my New York and French Stock, in addition to whatever I may have left her in the pie. ceding nill."111/1 • THE WEATHER AND CROI'S. The high winds • and excessive cold which prevailed ten days agohave been succeeded by genial breezes from the west and south-nest, again and refreshing showers of rain. The earth.is putting on her mantle of green, and bears token that summer is ap proaching. The sowing of oats is completed, barley ne ar l y so, and some progress made in the pl ant i ng of potatoes. The weather is favourable for the s operations of the hus bandman ; and the lateness of the season rendering every minute precious, agricultural operations are pushed forward S i : this the a s u o t n mo st An unusual breadth of land being vi l g ir o e l p ir a ' red for . potatoes t ; and, from the ccare e taken l‘tieh i h n as pr b e e s e e n ry preserving the injuriousseed to a i t e t e h t e , this l 13 \ 11 '11 '1 u a t b i l l e a will not re-appear, or, if so, that the great some time has b een bestowed onattention the subject which, wilthe for the means of discovering a remedy.—Edinburgh Witness. NEVER DESPAIR.—It is told that a maiden lady of fourscore on being asked at what age t awoman ceases to think of marriage, candidly t o ld t h e interroga erth at he must apply to a v n an o it ld y e i r n w a o ff m at a ra n re th p a t n ain h g er t s h el e f. a.ex e aa a t t hi w et h i i a % g h u a a n iiy ol d d uh m io a u n a 's . The efifes ag e . • Two.labourers were, lee Essex' Quarter ; . seation . N tentenced to• a year's linpiiioniAn't ISHCIa - cl4 the rotit'of a tree on the Eastern Counties Railway, for the purpose of throw. ing off a train. The punishment is a most proper one.— , /04anrif lteront. LITERATURE. PRACTICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE DISEASES MOST FATAL TO CHILDREN, ? r e. By P. Hood. A good practical work on the diseases of children has long been a desideratu m in medical literature. It is now nearly fifty years since Dr. Michael Under wood published his treatise on the subject, and from that period up to the present time we have had no work exclusively devoted to the consideration of these diseases which can be considered as a text-book. The various discoveries which have been made in medical science since the days of Underwood have rendered his work obsolete and comparatively useless, while the manner in which diseases generally, but more especially the diseases of children, have been modified by the changes wh ich have taken place in our social condition during the course of the last half century, has rendered some new work on the treat ment of these diseases absolutely necessary. We re • joice to find that the subject has fallen into the hands of Mr. Hood. Possessing high scientific attainments, habits of acute and judicious observation, considerable experience in the treatment of the diseases of child hood, and a fund of shrewd common sense, he is the very man to supply the want which has been so long felt in medical literature ; and accordingly he has furnished us with the very best book that has ap peared on the subject since the commencement of the present century. His chapter on irri tation is adnairalde, and should be not only read, but studied, by every medical practitioner. We entirely concur with him in reprehending the practice of attributing every disease of infancy to inflammation, and attacking it at once with leeches, calomel, and depleting remedies, and we rejoice to find that the Broussais theory is rapidly going out of vogue, and that more rational views as to the nature of disease are beginning to find favour with the profession. " The mode of treatment developed in the following pages is founded on the principle that the diseases of children, and of adults also, proceed from irritation, con sidered in a general sense, as distinct from inflammation, and indicating an opposite course of treatment. Having so frequently witnessed the beta fieial effects of this t u mode of treatment, not only in the diseases of children expressly mentioned in the following pages, but in others also, ritu rwhethercil o oe publishc rri in the present work, with the view 0 or adults, I have ventured calling the attention of both medical practitioners and parents more expressly to the subject." The advocates of the depleting treatment say that irritation leads to inflammation, but in reply Mr. Hood observes : " It is possible that this may occur in the diseases of adults; but my experience leads me to doubt if ever it occurs in the diseases of infants." Our own experience, during the course of a tolerably extensive practice, fully bears out the truth of Mr. observations. As a proof that convulsions arise not from inflammation, but from irritation, he relates the following cases— "lt is related that ,iobleman of the highest rank, after anxiously waiting many years for a son and heir, had at length his wishes gratified. The christening was to be celebrated with great pomp; and to make it more imposing, it was determined that it should be performed at night. The apartments were lighted with the utmost brilliancy ; the company were all assembled, and the infant duke was brought into the drawing-room. The sudden glare of light caused almost instantaneous con vulsions, from which the child never recovered. " Dr. Garthshore's son married a lady very highly connected, and her son—provided she had one—was to inherit a large estate. Consequently, when her first son was born, there were great rejoicings at his christening; and a bishop, who was related to the mother, was invited to perform the ceremony. When he arrived, the ser vants knocked so loudly at the door that the child was frightened into convulsions, from which it never re covered, but died snort after." The following observations on the consequences of over study, and on the ill effects which too frequently arise from gymnastic exercises, are worthy the at tentive consideration of every parent. " As, in the earlier stages of life, the organs of respi ration suffer most from irritation, so, in children of more advanced age, the brain is the organ which most fre quently suffers from increased nervous excitement. " The strong desire manifested by many parents to make their children cleve? is too common at this period; and the means employed to effect this is frequently one of the causes of functional derangement of the brain, in consequence of its being forcibly and unnaturally ex cited. It is in children of acute sensibility that attacks of this nature are usually witnessed. Such children . are mostly of slighter figure, and are more easily excited than those of a robust frame. They are ' precocious children,' and their temperament is chiefly nervous. " I may here remark that gymnastic exercises are often adopted to make up for the deficiency of the more natural and healthy exercise of walking and running; and are looked upon as even more than equivalent to those free and unconstrained movements, which nature dictates to the young. Those artificial substitutes for na t ur al exercise have a very baneful tendency. All ex ercise is hurtful to the young which does not equally bring into action the whole of the muscles of the body at the same time. In this system, there is violent and forced action of the muscles of the arms at one time, and of the legs at another, so that some portion or other of the body mus t, of necessity, be overstrained;—besides the absurdity of making children perform that amount of labour (pleasure it is called) which is scarcely safe for adults. It is as unsafe to disturb the healthy equi librium of muscular action in the young, as it is to demand of them that exercise of the brain, which should only be looked for at a more reature age, when the body has experienced a corresponding development." Mr. Hood has conferred a great obligation upon society at large b y the publication of this really use ful and thoroug hl y practical treatise. That his positions will be attacked by the men of one idea who see inflammation , and inflammation only i . n every dis ease, is to be expected ; but let any impartial ob server compare the results of the two modes of treat ment, and he will, not fail to be convinced that the views of Mr. Hood are correct. The day is not far - distant when t hose views will be universally adopte 3, and when that shall be the case, the present great and f r ightfully disprop ortionate rate of mortality in chil dren will disappear. W e recommend this work to the attentive study of every parent and of every me dical practitioner. DE BOHAN ; or, TIJ E COURT CONSPIRATOR. .13u Euge , e Sue. The stealthy course of time has effected wondrous changes, but far more marvellous are those which follow in the march of intellect. Now, in the nine teenth century, we seem to inhabit a different world from our ancestors —we can look back with the eye of w isdom, we may look forward with experience•fh or our guide, but , above all, we can,look,around us wit out prejudice or mistrust. The clouds of error no longer obscure the light of truth—old animosities ar e eoftened—the ill -feelings of the past forgotten—all REPRESENTATION Of WEST KENT. A meeting of Conservative electors was held at the Star Hotel, Maidstone, on Thursday, Capt. Marsham, R.N., in the chair, when it was unanimously resolved, " That as Colonel Austen had expressed his willingness to come forward upon the present occasion, this meeting deter mines to support him by every available means so as to secure his election." _ _ _ Of the Gallant Colonel, the CHAIRMAN said he was a man devotedly attached to the Established Church, an earnest and indefatigable friend to the farmer, and a supporter of all those principles which were best calculated to advance the interests of the electors of the county of Kent, and the public at large. Colonel AusTEs afterwards addressed the meeting, and ex pressed his determined opposition to the grant to Maynooth, which in his opinion had been begun in error, had been abused, and ought rather to be suspended than increased. ' Sir W. RIDDEL then read the resolution of Lord Holmes dale's Committee in London :—" That Lord Holmesdale, being in compliance with a requisition signed by upwards of 1,300 electors, and with the promises of support of a numerous and influental meeting held at Maidstone, declared a candi date for the western division of the county of Kent, and no circumstances having since occurred to raise a substantial doubt as to his success, this Committee regret that the cen tral Committee should have arranged with Captain King to substitute Colonel Austen for Lord Holmesdale, for the pur pose of opposing the Government on the Maynooth grant, without sufficient demonstration on the part of the con stituency in general." The feeling of discontent expressed by Lord Holmesdale's Committee at Captain King's and the central Committee's decision will not die away, 1113 d the Liberals should be pre pared. The day of nomination is fixed for this day week, the 25th inst. RAILWAY RETURNS. RAILWAY TRAFFIC.—The following are the Total Receipts of Rail ways for the past week—that is to say, up to the date to which the respective returns are made, together with the receipts of the same week in the previous year:— SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROX THE EVENING PAPERS OF SATURDAY. GLOBE—The tone of fir Robert Peel's speech fully proved that he felt his position. It was one more tribute to the policy of his opponents in cultivating friendly relations, with these permanently organised bodies which possess. the confidence of the Irish masses. Every Government that is not at war with its subjects must cultivate, such relations. There are passages in Burke's Col.- , respondence, applying to the Emperor Joseph 11. and his subjects in the Netherlands, which are equally ap plicable to Ireland at this present day. We shall take future occasions of reproducing them ; and at present have only to say that, however questionable the shape or source of this; measure, or the means of its execution, we cannot entertain a doubt that an organised clerical body (like any other organ ised body in a country, Whose necessity and utility is ad mitted) ought to be made its friend, if possible, by the Go vernment of the country. And fur this plain reason—if both are working for public good, they can assist each other ; if either is working for public mischief, then indeed it is clear that they cannot be friends ; but it is equally clear that one or the other is not in its normal and natural state. To conciliate a priesthood is not, iirifeea, --- tO - ;;Conciless people ; nor is to endow a college even to conciliate a priesthood. And the difficulty of the present men is . that the slightest move which they make in this direction arrays against them not only all that is genuine in zeal on their own side, but a vast deal of what is genuine in popular spirit throughout the country. Mr. Sheil may call this fanatical insurgency by a very ill-advised figure of speech. In the veteran ringleader .of the Catholic Association the charge may excite amusement. But we beg to remind Mr. Shell that in England we are accustomed to think it y a loin de la p/nine an poignard. It is precisely because Englishmen are in the habit of petitioning, that they are not in the habit of insurrection. They petition Pailiament when they are its constituents, and they attend it when they are its members; they have an innate contempt • for demonstrations of what they don't mean to do, and threats of transferring allegiance as substi tutes for performances of public duty. If Mr. Sheil will pick us out from the '• three denominations" on which his scorn is • visited, twenty-five ministers of religion, sole sig ners of a requisition for holding a " m on st er mee ti ng ," for the purpose of defying the Imperial Legislature, and not of petitioning it—we will be content to call such Pro testant ministry " fanatical insurgency." Not till then. We are well aware that much of the fault of priestly hostility is to be charged to that sinister policy, which by exciting Protestant animosities, naturally aroused Roman Catholic discontent. We are rejoiced to hear the final declarations of Conservative statesmen that those days are over. But English Protestantism (except passively and ignorantly) had really nothing to do with the old system of Irish ascendancy. Nor is English Protestantism of the present day answerable for the difficulty of adopting a wiser system. Sir Robert Peel long retarded that system; and now, when he wishes to promote it, be is alike abandoned by , his friends, who dislike his ends, and by the public, who dis trust his means. But he seems prepared to draw his mantle round him, and fall decently. STANDAltll.—The debate upon the second reading of the Maynooth Bill, atter six days' continuance, terminated this morning at a little before three o'clock, when the House divided as follows :—For the second reading, 323 ; against it, 176 ; majority, 147. We may not conceal that we are grati fied by this result, but it is not a case for exultation. ' The contest, in which we see opposed Members of the same and of our 'Own party-4" cognatas acies7—are indeed the u be/1a habifnra triumphOs.' We cannot triumph because section of our friends has, even - in a cause which we believe to be politic and just, overcome another section of our friends, commanding, perhaps, even a greater share of our respect and affection, than the victors. There is one circumstance connected with this great contest, however, upon which we can look back with unalloyed satisfaction, because it is impartially honourable to both divisions of Conservatives. We mean the perfect fairness and courtesy with which the discussion was conducted on both sides. .Nor would we confine this praise to the Conservative party only. Mr. Shell and Lord John Russell, and soma others of the regular Opposition, are justly entitled to share in it ; and we think all must acknowledge. with Sir Robert Inglis, the honoured leader of the defeated party. and a leader infinitely exalted by his noble though unsuccessful struggle, that never was so long a debate so little disgraced by deviations from , candour or good man ners. Some . sufficiently disgusting exceptions offer, no doubt in the case of Messrs. D'lsraeli and Macaulay, and, though in a far less degree offensive, one or two others; but, on the whole the conduct and temper of the debate were ad mirable. Last night, as generally happens when an immediate division is anticipated, the debate was highly animated. Mr. Sheil and Lord John Russell spoke well. Sir R. Inglis said whatever it was possible for an able and honest man to say against the Bill, and said it with matchless ability. Sir R. Peel never spoke with more perfect self-possession, or with more complete success, than at three o'clock in the morn ing, at the end of a 'ten hours' sitting and a debate of Six days. He therefore has not yet sunk under the combined assaults of Messrs. Babington Macaulay and Benjamin D'lsraeli. We cannot expect the attention of our readers for a retrospect of the arguments in this long debate, or even for an analysis of the last night's proceedings ; it ma be useful, however, to point to a particular passage of Sir R. Peel's speech which refers to that anticipation that more than anything else has excited alarm in the minds of Protestants. It will be remembered that the Chancellor of the Exchequer distinctly disclaimed, on the part of the Government, any purpose of proposing an endowment of the Roman Catholic clergy, or any expectation that such an endowment could be contemplated by any Ministry or Parliament of the nineteenth century. Sir J. Graham on the following night repeated the disclaimer on the part of the Go vernment, but let fall an acknowledgment that he himself was, an individual, not indisposed to such an arrangement. The acknowledgment was unnecessary for the information of those who remembered the Right Hon. Baronet's former connexion with a party with which this endowment has always been a favourite plan ; from which party Sir James separated only because he would not consent to a robbery of the Church in order to provide the means of the endowment in question. THE EARL OF ROSSE'S LEVIA.- THAN T I LESCOPE. We have been favoured by Sir James South, of the. Royal Observatory, Kensington, with the following de saiption of the enormous telescope lately constructed by -1.4 , 4 d Ross-, am. from the extraordinary powers of which great discoveries have been anticipated In the "limes of September last I had the gratification . of announcing to the public that the construction of the large telescope by the Earl of Rosse was so far advanced that the instrument had actua.ly been directed to the heavens. and that, too, with satisfactory results. The great speculum, however, as then u_ed, had been only approximately polished, and was inserted in the tube merely to. ascertain if its focal length coincided with that which it was . esigned to give it. The difference being 'considerable, it was suffered to remain iu the tube without having been used by the Nobly Lord till Dr. Robinson's and my arrival at the Castle at the commencement of February last ; but a continuous series of b'ad weather having precluded all possibility of observing any other object than the moon, on the 21st of February the large speculum was re moved; and on the 4th of March, having been reground and repolished, it was reinstated in the tube. The diameter of the large speculum is six feet, its thickness five inches and a half, its weight three tons and three-quarters, and its composition 126 parts of copper to 57} parts of tin ; its focal length is 54 feet— the tube is of deal ; its lower part, that in which the speculum is placed, is a cube of eight feet; the circular part of the tube is at Its centre, seven feet and a half diameter, and at its extremities six feet and a- half. The telescope lies between two stone walls, about 71 feet from north to south, about 50 feet high, and about 23 feet asunder, These walls are as nearly as possible parallel with the meridian. In the interior face of the eastern wall, a very strong iron arc, of about 43 feet radius, is firmly fixed, pro• vidzd, however, with adjustments, whereby its surface facing the telescope may be set very accurately in the plane ,of the meridian—a matter of the gi eatest import ance, seeing that by the contact with it of rollers at tached to one extremity of a quadrangular bar, which slides through a metal box fixed to the under part of the telescope tube, a few feet from the object end of the latter, whilst its other extremity remains free, the position of the telescope in the meridian is secured, or any deviation from it easily determined, for on this bar lines are drawn,. the interval between any adjoining two of which corres ponds to one minute of time at the equator. The tube and speculum, including the bed on which the latter rests, weighs about 15 tons. The telescope rests on an universal joint, placed on masonry about six feet below the ground, and is elevated or depressed by a chain and windlass , ; and, although it weighs about 15 tons, the instrument is raised by two men with great facility. Of course, it is counterpoised . in every direction. At pros( nt it can be used only between 14 degrees of southern altitude and the zenith, but when completed its range will embrace an arc between 10 degrees of alti tude toward the south and 47 degrees north ; so that-all objects between the polls and 27 degrees south of the equator will be observable with it ; whilst in the equator any object can be viewed with it about forty minutes of time on either side of the meridian. The observer when at work stands in one of four gal leries, the three highest of which are drawn out from the western wall, whilst the fourth, or lowest, has for its base an elevating platform, along the horizontal sur face of which a gallery slides from wall to wall by ma chinery within the observer's reach, but which a child may meridian, n theth the galleries is a esc hanging bout half an hour overth eo gap a east s between of th the the or, with ea each i e e and the walls present to a spectator b e l ow an a pp earance pn somewhat dc,no ,a dangerous safe o, ; ye t the ground,bsery 4 one galleries can be drawn f rom t h e wallt o t he telescope's side so readily, that the observer needs no one else to move it t f , o h r s him . The lying at its least a ltit u d e can b e ra i se d to . T t h h e e by two men at. the windlass in six givemethe an r t i l g s h o t ainsacen n a s g i e o a n b a l e n d i s d t ec he lin e a n t o i r o m n o o u f s an m y minutes; :ceies th ti a a t l object between these points, and I will have the object in the field of. the telescope within eight minutes from • pre W s ' e h n e t n fo th ll e ow ob i s t e b r y v e r r k a s w f o 'o r u k n the first attempt t o ra i se i t. d the b t s j e reach.ct , h e m A u s s t yet a t within it has no equatorial motion, but it very at no very distant day clockw o rk w ill b e connecte d w i t h it, when the observe r, if I mistake not, will, whilst ob serving, be almost as comfortable as if he d' were rea ding at a desk by his fireside. The night of the sth of March was, I think, the finest I ever saw in Ireland. Many nebulae were observed by Lord Rosse, l)r. Robinson, and myself. Most of them were, for the first time since their creation, seen by uses groups or clusters of stars; whilst some, at least to my eyes. shoWed no such resolution. Never, however, in my life did I see such glorious sidereal pictures as this instrument afforded us. Most of the nebulae we saw I certainly have observed with my own large achromatic; but although that instrument, as far as relates to magni fying power, is probably inferior.to no one in existence, yet to compare these nebulae, as seen with it and the 6-feet telescope. is like comparing, as seen with the . 7 . naked eye. the dinginess of the planet Saturn to the bril 7 • v., . Haney of Venus;..: . • ' .The most. siJ popularly known . nebulas obser ved A if, , the ...Clinta.Vfutifici , _or u„ etz . were'jie-bul24, the 51st of Messier ' a catalogue, which was resolved into of 548 ; stars with a magnifying power and the 94th of Messier, which is in the ewe cowtellation, and which v ~