The Sun. — London, England, 1844-09-04 00:00:00

TO TIN rinAPENDENT LIVERY OF TILE CITY OF LONDON Grimmer, NY absence , in Ireland, on the business of th e Corporation of the Irish Society, has prevente d m y address you as a candidate for the office of Chamberlain until now. Having this morning returned to London, from Dublin, I find that the nomination, having been originally fixed for Monday last, has beat postponed until TO-MORROW, which gives me the opportunity ON declaring myself a CANDIDATE, and of soliciting your suffrages; SW I regret that the haste with which the election has been hurried OnAusing my absence prevents the possibility of my making a per renal canvass, or using those means which have been so abundantly put in practice by another candidate ; but I trust that the Livery of Ueda% who love to sea fair play, will not allow their free Oleic° to be controlled by such hasty proceedings. Aly,clahni to the office which I now solicit should be shortly and plainly stated : They consist of nine years' service as an Alderman of London, biting also filled the office of Sheriff, in 1832, and that of the Chief Negtetrste, of the City during the last year. The unanimous votes of thanks which I received from the Livery flifid the Court of Aldermen and Common Council, together with Others from numerous bodies of citizens, [I have been led to believe whichut a correct expression of the general opinion of the manner in I performed the arduous duties of the Mayoralty, as well as thege of a Magistrate of your City. As a Member of the House of Commons, elected by the free choice 115,000 of your independent nei g hbours of Southwark.and returned in six successive Parliaments, my conduct has been uniformly con 'latent in supporting the corporate rights and privileges of the City CC London, and in promoting every sound and liberal measure in the Cvninons' House of Parliament. Ihe numerous unsolicited offers of support which I have received, and the voluntary formation of a Committee during my absence to potnote my election, gives me:the fullest assurance of success ; and 'relying o year attendance at the noination to-morrow, confidently &wadin n g upon your cordial and generous support by polling early. I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, ik Your obedient humble servant, JOHN HUMPHERY. Committee-room, /Tall of Commerce, Sept. 4, 1844. BROWN FOR CHAMBERLAIN. LIVERYMEN OF LONDON. GSsTLIII W, The shortness'. of the period between the decease of the late Sir William lienate, and the day fixed for the election of his successor, together with the extent of the constituency, and the multifarious ar rangements of a contested election, will prevent me from paying my personal respects to every Liveryman ; and you will, therefbre, I %rug, make allowance for my apparent neglect in this respect. I beg leave respectfully to announce, that the Common Hall will La held To-moltow, the sth instant, and that the Lord Mayor will so upon the hustings precisely at One o'Cloek, and earnestly request She favour of your early attendance for the purpose of supporting my jsamination on the show of hands; and that you will be good enough to remain and record your vote in my favour upon the poll, should it tocoine necessary to do so. • While I gratefully acknowledge the kindness of the Livery, in the ilarnerous promise* of support which 1 have received, I beg to hn yress upon you, that the question, whether my sanguine expectations sire to be realised, depends upon the electors individually. The importance of an early vote must be manifest to every one conversant with elections ; and I therefore entreat your vote on 'Thursday ;—should you,ltucl it impracticable to attend on that day, you will do me the great tit kindness by voting before twelve o'clock OD Friday. The attempts to make this a political question are most manifest ; but I rejoice to assure you, that I number amongst my supporters Liverymen of every shade of political opinion, who feel, and I can riot but think most justly, that the question of comparative fitness Or the office now vacant is wholly foreign from politics. With great respect, I have the honour to remain, Sir, Your much obliged and faithffil servant, ANTHONY BROWN. Central Committee-rooms, Guildhall Hotel, September 4th, 1844. TO THE WORTHY AND INDEPENDENT LIVERY OF THE CITY OF LONDON• JGENTLEMEN', RETURN you my most grateful than k s for the numerous promises of support I have received in my canvass ler the office of Chamberlain, placed at your dispAal by the decease of Sir William Heygate. The generous feeling manifested on my behalf has proved that my past services for the public cause have not been forgotten; but as I find that the claims of Mr. Alderman Brown, as Senior Alderman, have been recognised by so many of my personal friends, who would Otherwise have given me their support, I feel that upon the present Occasion my pio:pects of success are not sufficiently strong to war- Tan. las) , giving you the trouble, an o de xposing my friendly opponents to the expense of continuing a prtacted struggle. I therefore re spectfbily withdraw my pretensions to the distinguished office to Which I have aspired. During the two years in which, by your suffrages, I filled the high and distinguished position of Lord Mayor, I did not expect that an he aourable office in your gift would have been to me an object of vsire ; but as I have retired from commercial life, and have now so • own time at my own disposal, I shall place myself again before my fellow-citizens whenever an occasion may arise to appeal to their atarrages. I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, Your most faithful and obedient servant, JOHN KEY. Committee-room, King's Head, Poultry, Sept. 3, 1844.: ------- • Now redly, at all the Mtn arles, in 3 Vols., post Svo., AUSONS and WIDOWS. By THE AUTHOR of " PETER PRIGUINS," &c. " Those who havt read the former publications of the author of 'Parsons and Widows,' w:II be prepared for the rich treat which is rldplied by his present work. The delineations of character with it abounds, and the incidents, evidently derived from facts— tetion could not speak to the heart as these do—render the narratives fat' the several clergymen who are supposed to give the strange and eventful historic: of their progress through life, replete wit:, varied interest. C,:rtaln downy doctors and rubV,ui rectors als, come in I a fair share of ridicule and reproof. The widows are h t ,if to perfection* and are sure to please every one."—Glohe. hlenry Copuru. Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THEAT R /I ROYAL LYCE UM LACE ENGLISH. 01 ERA OU'SE. Un.ier the Mariagment of Mts. KEELEY. Anotber great Achievement Suocessf illy friumphant !I Ts atitnapt to eu'ogise the gorgeous splendour of the New Extrava ganza of " Aladdin and the Wonderful Lam:), or New Lamps fer OW Ones," would be a work of supererog diem ; the Manage ment, therefore, contents itoelf by simply stating that it wilt be repeated every Evening Tills EVENING. SEPT. 4, Will be repeated a New Drama, entiiled MARTIN C HUZZLF— Prineipal oharacers by Messrs. R. Younge, r. 1-.laery, F. Asthma, A. Wigan, Meadows, Kinloch, Turner, Stanton, J. W. Collier. Yarziold, Slanders, and Keeley ; Miss For- Name. Miss sVooliar, Atm A. Wigan, Mrs. Woollidge, Miss e.isves, Mrs. Usher. Miss Turner, and Mrs Keeley. To conei:-..:5, with an entirely Original, and much b. ttor than New, Oraiiii o,seratic, Romantic, Melo-Dramatic, Burlesque Extra vagance, !burliest op the celebrated Eastern Cale, in the Arabian ?sights' gntertainnadat, entitled ALAI/DIN AND THE WON PEREUL LAMP ; or, New Lamps for Old Ones. With very extensive Nes Scenery. Maehinery, Dresses, &c. PrincipAl cha • racier. by Mrs. Keeley, Meese's. F. Matthews, Turn.. r, A. Wigan, j "A', t.trllier, and Keeley ; Mise woolgar, Mrs. Wootli ge, Miss 1. Chaplin, Mrs A. Wi jan, Miss Twiner, 311 s James, Miss Carson, /stias Bunt, Miss Reede, &c., &c. pgicEs OF A I I:7,10 N.—Balcony Poxes. 4. ; Upper P..axso, 3s. ; r,t. Si.'; thiliery, ed. Second Price—Balcony Bev - es, zs. ; • Upper isoxes, Ii lid.; Pit, Private Boxes on at. my Tier oolding eipt porsorif). Tao Guineas. Private Boxes on the Second Tier (holding eight persons), One Guinea and a-Half. Private Ilexes on the tit Her (holding six persons), One Gulf el The Box. slice is open from Ten to Four o'Clock, under the direc— tion of Mr. Grogan, late of Covent -garden Theatre. ASTI,LIC'S ROY AL AMPHITHEATRE OF ARTS. Proprietor d Manager, Mr. BATTY. Nightly overflows, and Last Week cf the wonders of Mr. Carter, the American Lion King. THl' EVENING', SEPT. 4, Will be repeated the Eastern Spectacle of 11UNO0 PARK; or, The Lion Tamer of the Niger. Karla, the Arab, Mr. Carter, vita rein be will introduce his beautiful performance with his traiaed animal , . lions, tigers, &c., in the cage, and on the open stage drive a hog ha harness. Combats w.th the monarch of the forest, and other cow extraordinary teats. Entire Ch.nge of the scenes In the Circle. 'ls conclude with an entire new E tuestrian, Mthtary and Naval Spectacle, entitled THE CHINESE WA it ; or, The Conquests of Amoy by British Arms. New Sceuery, Diesses, Appointments,4c., to realise the recent Lriumplis of England's Army and Navy. Feast et 250 Lanterns. Acting and stage.minager, Mr. W. D. Broadfoot. Box-office open from Eleven till Five. Lessons in the Art of Riding by Mr. R. Smith. D A VIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. FOR THE BENEIT OF MR. LEFFLER. Last Nights of t he Opera Company. THIS EVENING, SEPI'. 4, Will be performed LOVE IN A VILL GE, supported by Messrs. King, Leffler, Neville, Vale, Johnson, Miss Romer, Miss Betts, Mrs. W. Daly, &c. To conclude with MACBETH. Supported by Messrs. H. Hughes, E. F. Saville, N. T. Hicks, Lamer, anti Mrs. H. Vining Places and Private Boxes to oc had of Mr. Kerschner, at the Box ce, from Eleven so Four. STRAND THEATIK THIS EVENING, SEPT 4, Will be performed MARTIN CHUZZLEWI f. Young Martin thuzzlewit, Mr. Ranoe; Old Martin Chuzzlewit, Mr. Ayliffe; Jonas Chuzzlewit, Mr Attwood Montague Tigg, Mr. Roberts ; Tom Pinch, M. Biddies; Mr. Pecksniff, and Mrs. Sairey (lamp, Mr. H. Hall; Mary Grataam, Mrs. Coleman Pope. To which will be added AN I ONY AND CLEOPATB A. After which, a New and Original Burlesque, entitled TH WO N DERFUL E W LAMP, in a New Light, bein ; an Illustrated Version ot Aladdin. Abanazar, Mr. Paul Bedfo rd ; Aladdin , Mr. Wright ; Prineeu Badroialbadour, Miss E. Stanlzy. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. THiS EVENING, SEPT. 4, Will be performed A 2412:w WAY TO PAY OLD DEBTS. Sir Giles Overrea , ,h, Mr. J. HU(l,:tm Kirby; Lady Al'worth, Mrs. W. West. Alter which, JACK AND THE BEAN-STALK ; or, The Lad that knew how many Beans made Five. Jollibuffi, Mr John Norbert ; Jack, Miss Vincent. To conclude with ROB ROY ; or, Aul Lang Syne. Rob Roy, Mr. Osbaldiston ; Francis, Mr. Singe; Diana Vernon, Miss Louisa Lyons; Helen Macgregor, Mrs. W. West. Private family Boxes, £1 Is. Od. and £1 ROYAL SURREY ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS. EXTRAORDINARY AND NOVEL ATTRACTIONS. This Week, being the Anniversary of the Great Fire of London, Mr. Southby has arranged to give extraordinary effects to this matchless representation, and introduce a display of the admired water, jets de feux, with other devices, to form a GRAND PYROTECHNIC DISPLAY. On MONDAY, TUESDAY, WEDNESDAY, and TAURSDAY, throughout the Season, the Gardens will open with the following attractive Novelties : THE PICTURESQUE GROUNDS—FEEDING OF THE A NIM A LS—UNRIV A LLED MENAGERIE. MODELS of VENICE and LONDON in the OLDEN TIME, Painted by Damon and Telbin. The sensation caused by this unrivalled prutuction is beyond all fbirtaer precedent ; the artist, the amateur, the casual observer are all struck with its extraordinay beauty and fidelity of delinea tion, and are unanimous in pronouncing it the most wonderfhl ex hibition ever witnessed. To view it only as a vehicle for the terrific isplay at Dusk is unjust ; it should be seen in the calm stillness of the quiet Evening, with its Towers and Steeples reflected in the spa cious Lake, to be fully appreciated. Beethoven's celebrated Battle Sinfonia, de.criptive of an En.. Ilagement between the French and Englisn Armies. The Evening PROMENADE CONCERTS on Mondays, Tues.. days, Wednesdays, and Thursdays conoucted uy Mr. Godfrey. are apes a scale of more than usual excellence; out words fail in 'isinsjustice to the awful representation of THE GREAT FIRE OF LoNDON. 14 roam i:listaeteristics are truthfully pourtrayed, but at the same time beautifully blended with the Wonders of the Pyrotechnic stelight is predominant over terror; and the Thousands she eight' uutt 7 urn.% the Gardens hail it with accla ma tions, and admit that r i umph. *Y. .he Unrivalled Pyr otechntst has achieve d a matchless The iiite.eas and state, mut Z oolog i cal Collection are in the most perfect attractive e ina so many and interesting features, are by far the roost Doors span at Nineur in or near the tretro,oli4. Ceeeirt at Half-pem — n e ed, ing ilia Animals at Hslf-past Four— One Walling. e•—ennllagration at Dusk. Admittance, EGYPTIAN BALL, PICCADILLY. IMPORTjoI ON 14 SHILLING Admissioill NOTICE. THE NAPOLEON MIT -1.1(DI, the most magnitient and e t w ° ea r tensive Collection of Histo dui cAWosities and Works of Art illustrate, research, at a Liy o.le Person, during Twenty-five years orcAr,t to have been formed , hi the most !n -ewt of 60,000 guineas, and to Completely etruetive and interesting manner, the most important Part of Euro lIVELL, and has bee; l': i.ean history, viz.—CHARLES 1., OLIVEIr, e l n i Te ti s l At MPEROR LOUIS XIV., to the deaths of GEORGE 111. 'I APOLEON, In 1521. This unique Museum shying the last and present year, by the Royal Family:ll:d erten, Wellington, the Foreign PrinCeS, Ambassadors, and their Duke of Os°, many thousands of tho Nobility and Public; am th t adi pi .es , wittier has recently been able to in rn ease, by several very pro pictures, Sc,,- , his previous almost Intl elible number and vaxtety n 1388., Worts of Art, and a multitude li valuable Helier, and other of cesioetties, in this most instructive cud. as hundreds have said it ought to be, a' Nations:. Maseurn. Y ,e'y thousand have Inspected it, and Timet'Y PRINCIPAL EDITORS nf the PITHLIC PRESS cave stated *hat it ongh' to be seen by every oue. The price of admis tlea is reduced t ) ONE SHILLING. Seib" NAPOLEON 611:35E UM is to :,e seen only at the " Egyptian Bali." Picaadilly. daily Porn Tea i s Dusk. 10WAY INDIA.NS.—THE LAST WEEK.—EGI I'fIAN HALL. — Each Day of this week, at Half-past Two to Four , and each lEvenlng from Half-past Eight to Ten, giving their WAR-DANCE, LiGALI . DANCE, EGLU .DANCE, SONGS, GAMES, &c., under the explanations cf Mr. Catiln.—Doors open half an hour previous. Admittance, la. Schools Half-price. ATTEMPTED SUlClDE.—Yesterday morning, about half-past nine, a decently attired female, about 30, deli berately jumped from the third recess on the City side of Black friars-bridAe. The Minerva, Richmond steamer, was psenng beneath the arch at the time, and the woman in falling grazed slightly against the side of the steamer; she then fell into the water, but the brisk wind which prevailed inflating her garments, prevented her from sinking, and she continued to float till a boat put off from the stairs, when she was picked up and conveyed to the station, Black Horse-court, when she was found to have received no other injury than a slight bruise, occasioned by her striking against the Minerva. THE WEATHER.—SIIN OFFICE, Sari. 4. TtiEBXOAUITER, Lowest, 59 ; Highest, 68; Noon, 67. BAno3rwrzu, B.S.E. NorE.—The number 32 on the Thermometer denotes the freezing point, and 55 temperate. In Barometers fair is usually placed opposite 30, and rain at 29. his person, and the equitable claims of the creditor to have been virtually annihilated through this grace to the debtor ; we have perused with pain and disap pointment the reported proceedings at a meeting held on Monday, at the Gray's Inn Coffee-house. This meeting consisted of solicitors summoned "for the purpose of considering the mode best adapted to pro tect the profession from the aggressions and inter ference of unqualified persons, likely to ensue under the new Insolvent Debtors' Act, " publicly recom mended by Lord Baougans.m." The solicitors of London, as a body, are no doubt a highly respectable and eminently useful, and an honourable branch of the profession of the law in England. But it is a marvel to us how they should so long have patiently slumbered over the notorious malpractices—the grind ing, oppressive, technical, pettifogging chicanery and combinations of that legion-like community among them, who, almost every week, by the exposure of their nefarious practices as " discounting attorneys," as go-betweens for titled spendthrifts, or swindling, speculative traders, and unsuspected professional firms of usurers and extortioners ; as human vultures who scent from afar the spoils and the feast which modern profligacy is so constantly preparing for their talons in the excesses of youthful extravagance, or titled dissipation, or infatuated credulity—who, almost every week, we say, are thus challenging the scorn and arousing the indignation of the public. It is a marvel to us that the solicitors of London only turn out against these mysterious " aggressions," and these dreadful "unqualified" persons, whoever they may be, when Lord BROUGHAM'S Act threatens to withdraw hundreds, aye thousands of wretched debtors, from the comprehensive fangs of those bills of costs, and detainers, and the rest of all those legalised methods of tormenting the tormented which the good old practice of the dear departed old law so much delighted to supply ! We should be glad to find ourselves mistaken, but we must suppose that this was the "motive" of these gentlemen's opening over ture at Gray's Inn Coffee-house. The worthy Chairman commenced his address by a rather angry fling at the "incorporated Association called the Law Society," for no more valid reason, as it seems to us, than that that Society has not turned out against Lord BROUGHAM'S Bill of relief for debtors of 201. and under. It was described as consisting of the " more aristocratic members of the profession." (Aristocratic attorneys ! GOD help us, what can they be like ?) Well, no doubt this is a fault in the con stitution of the Law Society. But here be others : "It did not adequately represent the bulk of the profession ;" and again—here's the rub—" It made little effort to oppose the measures calculated to de grade and injure the general body." What can these be? Why, Lord BROUGHAM ' S Bill, and all others that reduce fees and simplify proceedings —of course. " The present meeting had met to form a protection society." For whom ? For victimised clients ? Alas, no ! For the coming dragon's teeth—the fatal em bryo solicitors—the infant aristocracy of the thriving houses of Doe and Roe—the long, long line of Latitat ! "There were few professions," he said, "of which the privileges ought to be more respected.' (A petitio principii, this, with a vengeance !) " The duty of the new society would be to protect the pro fession"—(little ducks and lambs—they need protec tion)—" from the innovation of self-styled legal re formers." There, Lord BROUGHAM ; keep down at Brougham Castle. Your Lordship can never survive that vapulation. Your " occupation's gone." At the same time, we are curious to learn whom this Chairman and his supporters would be content to dub a "legal reformer." Some high mechanical genius, possibly, who shall some day discover the art of drawing out pleas and bills of costs from the most in significant elements to the interminable length into which a wire-drawer now coaxes a single penny weight of gold. But the Chairman having thus ex perimented on the feelings of his hearers, seems to have thought it time to practise a little on their credulity. "The Association would endeavour to procure every really useful and practical reform in the law which would enable a poor man to get, and render the rich man more amenable to, justice !" The Sacristan, he says no word to indicate a doubt, But puts his thumb up to his nose and—spreads his fingers out the exigencies of the present crisis. Ships of the line (not hulks, as the National supposes, but the best built and found in the world) we have in abundance; but of such ships in commission, of the higher classes we have but six or seven in all the waters of Europe including the Formidable, 80, (Mediterranean), and Albion, 90 (Coast of Morocco). When the Whigs quitted office, and Tangiers was not even threatened, nor Mogadore touched, we had in the Mediteranean alone 17 sail of the line. How can Sir R. PEEL justify to the country such a diminished scale of force at such a moment as this ? Sir GEORGE COCKBURN and Mr. S. HERBERT are, no doubt, ac cording to custom, prepared to prose about the first rate stores, the unrivalled materiel we possess, and the stock of which is always accumulating. To what purpose, if they are not appropriated to the equipment of an ample navy ? Why, to be sold periodically, at a ruinous loss to the country, as old stores—perhaps for re-sale, by private buyers, to agents of the French Government. But what has this stock of stores and material to do with the ques tion of manning the navy ? We have, as we have said, ships enough ; but the seamen, wherewith to man them, our puerile policy and Admiralty mismanagement have paid off and scattered over every quarter of the globe, or have not retained, in sufficient numbers out of each paid-off ship's company, to form a nucleus of able seamen for the due preparation and forming of the new hands and landsmen, supposing we could secure these, without resort to impressment, in sufficient numbers, in any resonable period. But the truth is, for the considera tions we have urged in two or three former articles on this all-important subject, we must, without a day's unnecessary delay, increase our inducements to new as well as to old hands to enter the service, in proportion to the exigencies of that service. Will any one deny the serious character of these exigencies ? Are we to commit ourselves to an im plicit reliance upon the declarations by France of her intentions " not to occupy" in this ,war against Morocco ? If you set no value on the paramount influence you have possessed in the Mediterranean during the last century—if it be no longer an object to secure fresh supplies for your fortress at Gibraltar from the nearest ports of Africa—if you would not wish to let France establish a line of military pos session from Oran to the furthest point to which she can advance her posts within the Mediterranean, so as to bring her a little nearer to Malta :—continue to slumber over the peril in which the inertness and old womanish do-nothing fussiness of the present Go vernment has involved you, by permitting this rapid decline in our naval strength. If, on the other hand, we are still alive to the indispensable duty of maintaining, in all its force, respectability, and power of instant exten sion, that establishment;by which alone we have been raised to the supreme rank we occupy among the nations—let us hope that her MAJESTY'S forth coming Speech may contain some indications of a better state of things at hand. If the Government will not so act from a sense of duty, or a just under standing of its responsibilities, let public attentior compel it to abandon the vain and expensive folly of maintaining an army of more than 100,000 men, which we ought never to regard as a force, but ir. the light of a subsidiary and auxiliary to our navy, and appropriate to the expansion, improvement, and efficiency of this latter, some of the millions now an nually lavished on maintaining at. a war standard, that which (with all respect fur its achievements) we shall still regard as chiefly kept up to be a nursery and school for aristocratic patronage, and the support of it; scions. HIGH WATER AT LONDON•BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning ... 0 minutes a ft er 0 I Evening ...19 min-ter after Assmemommnimm We should have thought that at this time of day no man, or set of men, could be found to uphold the jus tice, expediency, or morality of the punishment of debt by imprisonment. We advert, of course, to the general and abstract question. For ourselves, we arc as far from contending that in cases where debts have been contracted with a dishonest purpose—where an unprincipled design ha.sobviously been formed by col lusion with other parties, or by a course of individual deception and contrivance to cheat and rob the cre ditor, the debtor should not incur the same penalty that the law attaches to conspiracy with intent to de fraud, for example, as we are far from arguing that the law should not carefully discriminate between impru dence or improvidence, and such deliberate practices on other people's property. But to desire to uphold a law which visits upon the crime of a designed and intentional cheating of others, and upon an inability to pay others their just claims, which results either from uncontrollable misfortune, or sheer indiscretion, He then approached the "immedicabile vulnui inflicted on the profession by that clause of Lord BROUGHAM'S Bill, which, according to the construction of some authorities, would absolutely authorise the unhallowed, nnfeed hands, of an unprofessional friend to draw up a starving debtor's petition. The Society is "to prosecute all persons not duly qualified to practise as attorneys who shall infringe the provisions of the Act of Parliament relating to that body." The Chairman's speech terminated with some pop- gunning at poor Lord BROUGHAM for his "clap-trap phi lanthrophy," and some impertinent reflections, in very bad taste, on that noble person for cutting down attorneys' fees and costs; in other words, " for beginning, after being elevated to a high position by the profession" (so that "aristocratic attorneys"—not Kings, nor yet Lord Chancellors, confer high judicial rank), "to attempt to abuse and revile the source of his greatness and his riches! , Our readers have possibly by this time had enough of this exhibition of vulgarity and spleen. Yet we cannot forbear from inviting their sympathy in the horror with which we have read a Mr. GODDARD'S statement that "England and Wales alone c ontain 11,000 attorneys !" Well may the bulk of our p o p ulati on be litigious , p oor, and unhappy. Shade of FREDERICK the GREAT ! will not this appalling fact revivify the mouldering hand which was once pledged to so terrible a " short way" with lawyers ! " They contribute to the revenue as their clerkship fees 1,200,0001., on admission to prac tice 250,0001., and from certificates, 100,0001. an nually." Can Sir ROBERT PEEL gravely reckon on keeping up the public income at a prosperous scale when it is supplemented so largely from such sources ? And if such a body want " protection," forsooth, what must be the desolate and desperate condition of the men, women, and children, the widows and orphans, out of whose wants or misfortunes—from whose do mestic misery and privation, so large a portion of this large sum for the mere professional license to practise—is annually drawn ? We suspect the " aristocratic portion" of the profession will think that Mr. WIRE has been very unnecessarily eloquent in calling for a society of "protection." or even a vicious but thoughtless habit of extravagan living, does seem like a proposition for returning to those days of a barbarous jurisprudence, in which pecuniary amercement was the one principle of punishment adhered to by our Saxon ancestors. But we wrong those ancestors by this comparison. For at least their tariff of legal fines and compensa tions was determined by a scale, whereas the amount of the amercement accurately increased with the enormity of the crime for which it was exacted. The iniquity of our law of imprisonment for debt is the very wantonness of its inconsistency. It is administered on a scale which is accurately disproportionate ;—which carefully inverts the scheme of a compensating retribution—which reduces the penalty exactly as the character of the offence is aggravated in its intensity. Imprisonment for debt is the terrible vengeance of property against poverty ; but it is the stronghold from which insolent fraud defies the penal visitation of law. A wretched, broken down, deserted, ruined man—an obscure gentle man,or a petty tradesman, or a small farmer—a generous friend whose confidence has been abused by the party for whom he has rashly become the responsible se curity; a man of letters excluded by circumstances which he has failed in the struggle to overcome, from the favoured circles of booksellers and editors who absorb the public patronage into their own peculiar cliques; a professor of sciences or arts upon which the fashion or the folly of the day has turned an unfavouring eve ;—these, and such as these, form the great staple of that population which crowds our debtors' prisons. Because they have not the money wherewith to meet the debts they have contracted, we carefully segregate them from the world, on daily and hourly commerce with which their livelihood has always depended, in order (at first sight, it might be thought) that they may have no chance of satisfying the creditors at whose suits they are incarcerated. In proportion to their honesty of purpose is their irksomeness of posi tion ; and to this irksomeness of position, the moral and physical prostration which we invoke to the speediest destruction of all their energies of mind and body, in the wasting, dreary, monotonous torpor of a prison. Now, the bold debauchee who, having made up his mind to undergo a certain term of confinement rather than discharge his just engagements, finds, in the habitual indolence and licentious conversation, ample amends for the loss of that freedom of action which he never valued; the fraudulent bankrupt, who has still the command of secreted moneys or pro perty which he has abstracted from the assets that should be in the hands of his creditors ; the gambling attorney, who, having neglected the interests of one class of clients, and plundered the property of others, is but undergoing the restraint upon which he has coolly calculated as the price to be paid for his mal versations and delinquencies; the former denizen of the turf, or patron of the ring, or betting man, who, having secured the stakes he stood to win at the last races, or fights, or steeple-chases, has well deliberated over the greater advantage to be derived from a few weeks or months' incarceration, than from paying the losses he has incurred to others at whose suit he is im prisoned ;—these are the class to whom imprisonment for debt is a refuge, not a terror—a benefit, not a punishment—a natural incident, not a moral cala mity. Until within the last month or so, when a most wise and benevolent interposition of the Legis ture has set free the individuals confined for sums not exceeding 201., you might almost have inferred the relative quality and character of debtors from the amount of the debts for which they were detained. The smaller sums would be found to be owing, as a general principle, by the purely unfortunate ; the larger, for the most part, by the dishonest and the de signing speculator on " credit." Considering, as we do, that the undoubted service rendered to humanity in an immediate form, and to the cause of all social happiness and order in its ulti mate operation by Lord BROUGHAM'S Bill, will greatly outweigh some few isolated instances in which the guilty misconduct of the debtor may be found to have been rewarded by the emancipation of - We have accounts from Madrid to the 27th of August. NARVAEZ was concentrating large bodies of troops around the capital, as if some great com motion Was about to break forth, hut solely, We be lieve, to overawe the friends of liberty. Many arrests had taken place within a few days. According to some of the journals, the Moors, on learning that the, French had occupied the island of Mogadore, had set fire to the town. The following letter from Cadiz, of the 22d August, appears in the Tiempo : " It is said that the Moors have set fire to Mogadore, which place has been nearly destroyed. There is nothing astonishing in this, seeing that the island which touches Mogadore has been occupied. A French steamer, which came in to-day, has brought two hundred Moorish pri soners. The authorities are consulting on the point whether they are to be shut up in one of the forts of this place until they car. be conveyed elsewhere.:Yesterday a French steamer left this port, towing five merchantmen, laden with provisions for the squadron." MARTINEZ DE LA RosA had complied with the request of Queen CHRISTINA, and was expected to leave Paris in a few days. The elections were going on in favour of the Government. The Three per Cents. were done at 27 5-16 at sixty days ; the Five per Cents. at 19 for cash, and 20 at fifty days. We find nothing new in the Paris journals, but abundance of articles on the state of affairs in Morocco, and the probable intentions of France with respect to a settlement of differences with that coun try. Warlike operations are suspended for the season. The squadron under the Prince DE JOIN viLLE has been ordered back to Cadiz, and Marshal BUGEAUD will retire with his forces to Oran. " The scarcity of water," says a Toulon journal, " and great heat, do not permit of operations being continued ; the troops of the Oran division will alone remain on the frontier of Morocco ; those come from the other provinces will return to their respective divisions. This brilliant affair has completely demoralised the enemy. At the moment lam writing , the Moorish army has dissolved ; the Marshal has, therefore, attained his object, for it must not be imagined that he, for a single moment, thought of marching to Fez with his nine or ten thousand men. The Govern ment orders were, besides, formal in that respect." The Journal des Debuts is apparently pacific; but, somehow or other, there are occasional threats that THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, SEPTEMBER 4, 1844,. France will pursue the course which she has adopted in Africa notwithstanding every opposition. Nothing is said in that paper respecting the conditions to be offered by the Duke DE GLUCKSBURGII to the EM PEROR, but the Presse asserts that, among others, France will demand an indemnity for the war, and pledges to assure its payment after peace. "It may occur," says that Court paper, for we believe it has pretensions to informntion from a high source, "it may occur that either in the course of the war with Morocco, if prolonged, or after peace, and to assure the indemnity, France may find herself obliged to oc cupy temporarily some point of the empire. The law of nations authorises her doing so ; but this even tuality much disquiets the English press. It must, however, resolve to resign itself to such a step, France finds herself engaged in a most legitimate war with an independent power ; she enjoys all the privileges of the law of nations ; she cannot be called on to deprive herself of the means of action which the laws of war justify, and the use of which circum stances may render necessary, to please the suscepti bilities, and still less to obey the orders of England. When justice shall have been rendered her, she will evacuate Morocco, as she has engaged to do, and as her interest will counsel her ; but until then she will use the plenitude of her rights ; she will occupy the enemy's towns, if that should appear to her necessary; she will prevent, if requisite, the English from carry ing on a smuggling trade in warlike stores whilst the war lasts ; and, finally, she will demand an indem nity, and pledges to assure its payment, after the peace. In acting so, France will not injure the just rights of any one, and will remain faithful to all her engagements. No one will, therefore, have a right to find her conduct improper." If such are the conditions to be demanded of Mo rocco, a long period may elapse, and many towns be occupied, before peace is established. We are inclined, however, to take a different view of Louis Puirarrit's policy. He has in a great measure obtained his objects—the chastisement of the Moors and glory for his son ; and he will, therefore, be anxious to bring affairs to an amicable conclusion with the least pos sible delay. The Journal des Debuts thus adverts to the intentions of the Government : " France, we maintain, is making only a defensive war in Africa—a war which she not only did not seek, but which she endeavoured to avoid, and is desirous of putting an end to as soon as it can be done with honour. If this war has not spread beyond its natural limits—if the echoes of the cannon of Mugadore have not disturbed the general peace, it is because Europe—because England knows, that the policy of France is not guided by hot headed bunglers. We know well that certain statesmen consider it to be a claim to glory to send defiance to a foreign power, and this is suited to a Government which wishes to act the savage among civilised nations ; but France has no ambition for such a character. Four years ago a gun could not have been fired in the Mediter ranean without risking a European war, but France now victoriously marches with her banners displayed along the coast of Africa, and by her own strength enforces respect to her insulted dignity and her outraged ho nour, and, at the same time, preserves the peace of the world and the confidence of her allies. The French Government participates in the pride which has been excited in the whole nation by the glory our arms have won in Africa, but it knows not how to convert its legitimate triumphs into insults towards a country which is an ally of France. It is against the Emperor of Mo rocco, and not against England, that we make war. We carry it on to maintain our national honour, to insure the integrity of our possessions, and not to gratify a passion for conquest, and realise projects of aggrandise ment which all France repudiates. These are our sen timents ; we declare the intentions and resolutions of France to be the same as those avowed by the Govern ment in the two Chambers, and which were received with unanimous approbation ; and this it is that excites the spleen of the Opposition journals. Where then is the evil ? Where is the humiliation ? Is it the truth, or is it not ? Is it a great State secret that we reveal ? Are the sittings of the Chambers held with closed doors ? Let the organs of the partisans of war, in Eng:antl as well as in France, take advantage o f these events to irri tate on both sides the national jealousies—it is their . trade ; but we, who sincerely desire the maintenance of peace, and particularly a continuance of the friendly re lations between France and England, will persevere, however much we may scandalise the great statesmen of the Opposition, in using all our efforts to calm down the alarms which the late occurrences on the coast of Africa must naturally create in the public mind in England ; and we shall do this the more freely, as the Government of France is not the less determined to persevere to the utmost - in justly exercising its rights." The National, the organ of the war party, looks upon the state of affairs in another light, and has little hopes that the late successes NNill bring the Moors to reason. " Out of the fulness of the heart the mouth speaketh." Peace with Morocco would be a heavy blow to the readers of the National, because it would for a while prevent France from humbling, and pro bably subduing England. One half of our ships are rotten hulks, we have no sailors to man them, and only a little energy on the part of Louis PHILIPPE is necessary to strike a fatal blow against the islanders. Our readers will be amused, not frightened we trust, by the insane boasting of this mischievous journal : " There is reason to conclude that if the English Government does not wish to have war, it wishes at least that it should be known that it is rescolved and ready. However, to look at matters in their just point of view, we must not take literally this formidable enu meration of ships of the line and of cannons, which the English journals each day publish for the greater glory of Old England, and for the terror of Young France. Under these formidable names of Trafalgar, Waterloo, Vengeance, Foudroyant, &c., are found old hulks but little formidable. The English Admiralty knows it well ; but like that audacious and clever robber, who having taken it into his head to stop a diligence by him self, placed along the road a dozen of stuffed figures armed with guns, it reckons up all the old ruins that former wars have left behind. We must not mistake the matter. Undoubtedly England is strong at sea, nay very strong ; a naval war between her and us would be for us a difficult and dangerous undertaking ; but her material superiority is not so considerable that she has not to foresee danger herself. Independently of the possibility o f a landing on her coasts, she is right in being uneasy about the present state of our navy. If, in a numerical point of view, it leaves much to be desired, it must be borne in mind that England is obliged to keep up stations in all quarters of the world. For the reason that her line of occupation is immense, her defence is immense also, and it thence follows that we can select for our attack the point where she is most vulnerable, and direct all our forces there. During the first Italian campaign Bonaparte, with 25,000 or 30,000 men, was able by the rapidity of his movements to be everywhere stronger than the enemy. But nothing prevents our applying to naval war this system of con centrated attacks, which Bonaparte so gloriously inau gurated on land. He pointed out the plan; we have only to follow it, remembering that it is precisely from h av ing scattered his naval forces that the conqueror of Arcole lost his navy. But, in order to be able to sustain this struggle, there is one condition most essential—it is, not to allow the difference of forces which separates us from England to become greater, and even to diminish it as rapidly as possible ; for if during the interval when England is augmenting her forces we do not augment ours all would be lost, and England would only have to choose the moment when it would suit her to push us down to the modest position to which the hopes of her jealousy assign us." We find the following just remarks on the want of honesty in French journals in GalignanesMessenger:— " We have looked carefully over the Opposition jour nals to see what remarks they would make on the letter communicated to the Constitutzonnel by M. Blanqui, and in which justice is done to Mr. Hay, the British Consul- General in Morocco, and to his Government. We do not, however, find one word in the way of comment; and, what is more, only one of the Opposition journals has published the letter from the Constitutionnet. The con fession of wilful or wanton misrepresentation is an effort of magnanimity but rarely witnessed in party journals, but we did not suppose that the spirit of party was so strong as to exclude from the columns of so large a por tion of the press a piece of news which from its import ance is entitled to a place, although it does give the lie to the charges of deception and intrigue which have been lavished on the British Consul." The subjoined are miscellaneous extracts from the papers : The Sic , * alluding to a report that the KING has abandoned the intention of going to England this year, says : "We know that on Saturday a house in Paris, that furnishes certain articles necessary for the King's equip ages, was desired to expedite as much as possible some orders that have been given to it. His Majesty's journey depends upon the issue of the negotiations now in pro gress on the Otaheite affair. If the propositions of M. Guizot are accepted, the King will return the gracious visit made to him last year by Queen Victoria, but should they be refused, the journey will be postponed. Such is the opinion of persons generally well informed, and it appears to us to be too plausible not to be accepted as official." The Constitutionnel says It appears that the Cabinet cannot agree on the re compense to be conferred on Marshal Bugeaud for the tattle of Isly. Meanwhile it is announced that the King has dispatched to Africa M. de Chetlontaines, one of his orderly officers, with an autograph letter to the Marshal." A letter from an officer on board the French squadron off Magodare, dated the 17th ult., says : " We are to keep for a time possession of the island, the garrison of which is already formed, and the troops have begun to raise fortifications. We shall leave here the brigs of war Argus and Cassard, and a steam sloop. The other ships of the squadron are about t.' sail for Cadiz, to repair their damages; we hope afterwards to return to France. Our squadron, during the conflict, threw 16,000 projectiles into Mogadore. The Jelnappes had her sides struck by more than thirty balls, arid her rigging was much cut np. A ball passed through the flag at the topmast head of the Triton." A correspondent at Tunis writes, on the 18th ult., to the Semaphore of Marseilles : " We have now in the Goletta Admiral Parseval Deschene's division, consisting of the Ocean, Inflexible, Neptune, Marengo, and Alger, of the line. This fore., has been sent to meet the possibility of the Turkish squadron, which has left the Dardanelles, coming to Tunis, and putting into execution the designs against this Regency, which the Divan has not yet abandoned. But we doubt whether it will this year, any more than it did the last, make the attempt, and the French Government will be let off with keeping its ships some two or three months in this roadstead, until, in fact, it hears that the Turkish fleet has returned into the Dardanelles." ME BOURSE-MONDAY, SEPT. 2. First Highest Lowest Last Price. Price. Price. Price. French Five perC3nts•••••• 120 55 .. 120 70 120 55 .. 120 65 Three per Cents.•••• 80 75 .• 80 90 .• 80 75 .. 80 85 Bank of France •• 3050 3055 3050 ..3055 Latlitte Bank, 1,0001. ShareslCBo ..1080 .. 1080 ..1080 Belgian Fivee,lB3l. 1840 .......• 1041 .. 1041 1041 .. 1041 1842 .• • • 1061 .. 1061 1061 • • 1064 Spanish Active ••••• • • . . • 30 .. 30 .. 30 30 Portuguese Five per Cents • • 444 .. 444 .. 444 .. 444 Neapolitan ..••• • • • .. 97 90 .• 98 .. 97 90 • • 98 Roman • ........ ........ 1041 .• 1041 .. 1041 .. 1041 RAILWAY SHARES. Versailles, R. 8.• • •• . ....... 377 50 .. 377 50 •.. 377 50 .. 377 50 L.B Rouen .• Rouen to Havre Orleans ...... • • 962 50 • • 962 50 .. 960 .. 961 25 Strasburg to 8a1e.... Avignon to Marseilles.. •• .. 750 .. 750 . 750 .• 750 RAILWAY SHARES FOR SETTLING, 3n OF SEPTEMBER. Versailles, L. 8..• •• • • ...... 243 75 .. 245 .. 243 75 .. 243 Rouen .• ••••••• • .. • • •• 968 75 .- 968 75 .. 968 75 .. 968 75 Rouen to Havre. • • Orleans .• •••• • • • .......• 957 50 • • 963 75 .. 957 50 .. 963 75 Strasburg to Bale• ••• • • .... 238 75 .. 233 75 . 237 50 .. 238 75 Avignon to Marseilles •• • 750 .. 750 750 .. 750 RAILWAY SHARES FOR THE ACCOUNT, SEPTEMBER 30. Versailles, L.B. 243 75 .. 243 75 .. 243 75 .. 243 75 Rouen . 970 • . 970 .. 967 50 • 968 75 Rouen to Havre.• ••.• • 735 .. 736 25 .. 735 .. 736 25 Orleans Strasburg to Bale ••• • • • Avignon to Marseilles. • • • • • 751 25 .. 751 25 .. 751 25 .. 751 25 We can state, upon an authority in which we have implicit confidence, that the Ist battalion of her Ma jesty's 60th Regiment, and her Majesty's 61st Regi ment of Foot, which were at Cork, under orders for immediate embarkation for India, are not to proceed thither. The ships which were to have conveyed them, sail immediately for their original destination with the baggage of these troops (about 2,000 strong). The regiments in India which they were intended to relieve, it is now pretty certain are not, at present, to return to this country. We leave our readers to draw their own inferences from these facts ; but it would be idle to deny that they afford no prima facie :en couragement to those mere pacific speculations in which one of our Contemporaries, yesterday, so emphatically indulged. THIS DAY S NEWS. MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS CITY, QUARTER TO THREE. The Cotton market at Liverpool yesterday was very dull and heavy. Prices were fully kd. per lb. lower than the highest point of last week, and the sales did not ex ceeds 2,000 bales. There was a good demand for Rail ways, and prices generally still had an upward tendency : Birmingham and Gloucester, 544 ; Chester and Holy head, 64 ; Dublin and Belfast, 31 ; Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton, 174 ; Grand Junction, 2171 ; Ditto, New, Quarters, 391 ; Liverpool and Manchester, New, 361 ; London and Birmingham 321. Shares, 374 ; Manchester, Bolton, and Bury, 109 •, Sheffield and Manchester, 85* ; South-Eastern, 384; York and Salby, 36 premium ; Ditto, 25/. Shares, 18 premium ;. Paris and Orleans, 37A- ; Paris and Rouen, 37 1 4 1 . This is a very doll day as respects the receipt of infor mation from the British settlements. The City is in an excited state, owing to the exertions of the friends of the candidates to obtain the victory in the election of Chamberlain, Alderman Humphrey's Committee is sanguine as to the result. The prices of Consols have fluctuated from 964 to 99k. The Commissioners did not purchase to-day. A sate of some amount depressed the prices, but now for Money Consols are worth 9q -4-, and for Account 98i. The Reduced Three per Cents. have been done at 994 for Money, and the New Three-and-a-Half per Cents. at 1014. There was a shade of improvement in the pre mium upon Exchequer bills. Bank Stock is now short. An advance has taken place in Chilian Bonds to-day to 1021 ' and in Colombian ex Venezuelan to 13.11. Spanish Five per Cents. were quoted only at 224, and the Three per Cents. at 33k. The Dutch Two-and•a- Half are heavy. The Five per Cents. are quoted at 1004. In general the Railway Share market has been fiat his morning, ss the list of quotations will show. BRITISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. (From the Official List.) Bank Stock ~ , ........--.„... ... ...... ........ — 3 per Cent. Reduced . Annuities . .......... .......- 99% 3 per Cent. Consols. Annuities :99 98X3i: 334 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 10 2 74 New 35 per Cent. Annuities 1414 Long Annuities, Expire sth Jan. 1860 l2 7-16 Ditto 30 Years, Expire sth Jan. lE6O India Stock India Bonds,l,ooo ll5 Ditto under 1,000 — Consols for Account ... ................. . ...... India Stock for Account 4 . Exchequer Bills, I%d. I%d 1000/. ........................ .... ..... ... 73 75 pm. SOU.," .., ...... ... ...... ............ 73 75 Pm. Ditto S . Small ........ ...... ...... 75 73 pm. Ditto Advertised FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK Chilian Bonds, 6 per Cent 102% Columbian Bonds. 13panish Bonds, . Five per Cent 1840 2 .2 Ditto for the Account Ditto Three per Cent. — Ditto for the Account 33% Venezuela Bonds, 2 per Cent 4l Ditto Deferred Dutch 2% per Cents 6 1%% Dutch 5 per Cents 100%14 .PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. RAILWAYS. PAID. PER SHARE. Birmingham and Gloucester...... 100 Bristol and Exeter Bristol and Gloucester 3O :56 55%... to 56% Dublin aad Cashel 2% 7% % .% to Eastern Counties .....-... ....... .... 23 • 13%%_... to Ditto Perpetual 5 per eent l:3s. 4d..... Ditto Ditto (No. 2) E as tern Union 5 05 .. 5% Edinburgh and Glasgow G r eat Western .......... .. ..... ....... 75 142% Ditto Shares ..... .......... ...... 50 % Ditto Fifths... ............... ......... 12 London and Birmingham London and Blackwall 16% 6%% ... to L o ndon and Brighton so 42%1,t%t0 London and Greenwich London and South Western Ditto Eighths London and Croydon Lynn and Ely l% ..... -.. 3% Manchester and Leeds 7O Ditto K Shares 3O •. 53 ... to Midland Counties lOO ........111 109% to 109 Birmingham and Derby North British 2% ...... 3% 7 4 ... to Northern and Eastern 45 to Ditto 74 Stares Norwich and Brandon South Devon South Eastern and Dover 3 2% 38%% ... to York and North Midland Ditto % Shares 25 Ditto Selby Scrip Paris and Orleans 2O 87%% ... to/ — MANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, SEPT. 3.—We have had more . business doing to-day, and prices are well maintained.—Barnsley Junction, 3.1 ; Blackburn Burnley, and Accrington, 2* ; Caledonia, 4 3-16 ; Churnet4 Valley, 24; Edinburgh and Glasgow, Quarter, 161 ; Manchester and Birmingham, 501 ex. div. ; Man chester and Buxton, 2i ; North Union, 1251 ; Sheffield and Manchester, 841 t. ( ft "-. rkVI "sfo" • --- s ,„„ e ` 4 - • '<n al • SECOND EDITION.. 1 1 - flt--11t1t. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 4, 1844, The questions referred to the House of Lords on the Irish State Trials may now be regarded as settled. The Judges have given their opinions ; they are unani mous, with the exception of two; but we fear their decisions will have little influence with the House of Peers. Baron PARKE is an excellent Judge, though it is singular that, in two important questions, he has chosen to differ from his colleagues—men of the first eminence in the law, and the majority of them never suspected either of partiality or defect of legal know ledge. It is, however, a good set-off. The Tories are trying to make themselves popular in Ireland, and these Judges may possibly imagine that this opposition to the verdict of their colleagues may have a good effect. They are miserably mistaken. Two out of nine or ten are nothing. They know well that the House of Lords will pay every attention to their opinion, but at the same time say, " We must be guided by the general decision, and the Writ of Error must be nega tived." It has altogether been a most bungling busi ness. The Judges, according to the Writ of Error, had no means of judging the most important points. They had only some extraneous matters of law to de cide, and with the usual technicality of the profession they confined themselves to mere dry details, without entering upon the question of justice or injustice. Mr. O'CoNsTELL's fate, however, is now sealed. The House of Lords, which meets this day, will discuss the subject. We shall hear speeches from Lord BROUGHAM, Lord DENMAN, Lord LYNDHURST, and Lord CAMPBELL; possibly some of them of great and unnecessary length ; but, whatever they say, the result will be this—the Writ of Error is negatived, so that after a great display of justice, and an appeal against a sen tence in full operation, Mr. O'CONNELL and his friends will find themselves in the position in which they were left by the fighting Irish Attorney- General and the bigoted Irish Bench. What Sir ROBERT PEEL may do is a question of futurity, and of little importance. He may advise her MAJESTY to remit the remainder of the sentences, to which her MAJESTY was from the beginning opposed; but will that conciliate the Irish, or compensate for any one of the grievances of which they justly complain ? Air. O'CoNNEIL will issue from his prison only to be more worshipped. On a dispassionate review of all the circumstances connected with the so-called adjustment of the mis- uulerstanding between France and England on the Otahite question, we are compelled to admit that we arc by no means satisfied vs ith the nature or the amount of the concessions by the French Govern ment, to the demand we have made of satisfaction for " a gross outrage," committed by its servants, on the personal rights, and the public authority of a British Consul. There is nothing in all the special pleading of the French journals—nothing in the laboured explanations contributed by some of our own daily Contemporaries—that has yet explained away either the brutality and insolence of the French officers, or vindicated, from the impudent slight which they have put upon it, the honour of our flag, and the dignity of our SOVEREIGN, disparaged in the imprisonment of her Consular Representative. With all our ardent love of peace, we consider that its blessings may be purchased on too exorbitan terms ; and the worthlessness of the cause of guar rcl—the remoteness of tie scene of action—the sani-barbarism of the party whom we had inter fered to rescue from an unmanly and disgraceful aggression—these are elements that do not at all ne cessarily extend into the consideration of a subsequent affront to our national honour. The Morning Herald finds no more striking anology to illustrate its notion of the absurdity of England and France being betrayed into a rupture about so worthless a matter, than "two Patagonians, fighting for a sea-calf, claiming each of them the belligerent support of eit'ker power." Whether, in this lively figure, Queen POMARE or Mr. Consul PRITCHARD is to be taken for the type of a sea-calf, as many a profound writer is every day for that of a land-calf, we do not under stand ; but it is a figure quite inapplicable, unless it could be shown that the misunderstanding between England and France are about the property or possess sion of Otaheite itself. Diplomatic functions and relations might have been equally violated on the high seas—in the Consular-office—at a public festival— even in a public theatre. Is the Herald prepared to say there has been no violation of them in Mr. PRITCHARD's case ? Sir ROBERT PEEL has:declared the conduct of the French authorities to have amounted to a " gross outrage." Is the simple cen sure or suspension of D'AUBIGNT or BRUAT to be taken as an acquittance in full for, first, the imprison meat, and secondly, the expulsion of Mr. PRITCHARD? This facility on our part will vastly enisance the im portance and influence of our consular agents in times to come ! But, perhaps France is disposed to make us amends by signalizing her forbearance and respect in other quarters. We have old-standing relations of amity and good-will with the Emperor of MOROCCO. She invades his territories from her Algerine frontier, under the pretext of their having afforded an asylum to a very gallant native chieftain, who had long suc cessfully resisted her occupation of Algeria, and se verely chastised the French forces which had pushed far and wide their campaign of wanton desolation and extirpation, by fire and sword, over an independent country of Africa. That country France had so lemnly pledged herself, in the face of all Europe, not to occupy. That pledge she subsequently falsified, with a degree of political effrontery almost un matched in the history of her monarchy. Was the Emperor of Morocco—still an independent SOVE REIGN—to refuse the asylum of his dominions to the valiant ABD-Er..KADER ? The French insist on satisfaction for his harbouring that chieftain, com plain that he is in communication with him, and de mand his expulsion from the empire. In the course of the events which rapidly ensue on the occupation of Ouchda, they bombard Tangiers, and inflict the same punishment on Mogadore. With both Tangiers and Mogadore we had commercial relations ; exten sive ones with the latter. The bombardment is inflicted in the presence of a fractional representation of the British navy, with circumstances of very sig nificant application ; and our fractional force, acting under orders, looks idly on at these vain but destruc tive demonstrations of European artillery, on the towns and fortresses of our African ally. Instantly the press ofFrance—Monarchical, Republican, Move ment party, one and all—teems with insulting sarcasms at our patient passiveness ; with fierce gasconades about the coming hour of French naval su premacy, and undisguised clamours for a war with England, on the avowed ground of our weakness and deficiency in that naval arm which was once the terror of the world. The National, in its overboiling zeal, commits, to be sure, the ludi crous error of treating four of our newest and most formidable line-of-battle ships, which have not yet been out o f harbour,' but are " advance ships and for sea," as ready " old bulks, formidable only in the names of Trafalgar, Waterloo, Le Foudroy ant, Vengeance." But the ani • mus of all this is plain enough. Our neighbours draw their own moral from the unaccustomed and undignified spectacle our Mediterranean unity squadron has lately presented. Let us not imitate them by seeking g consolation in vain words. Ridiculous as their vaunting may be, there is too much of truth in their depreciating esti mate of our naval force. Not the Mediterranean or Levant squadron alone, whether cruising in that sea, or running down the -western or Atlantic coast of Africa, but the whole of our efficient force of ships of the line, in commission, are scandalously, dangerously, , inexcusably reduced, apd utterly disproportionate to MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY CORN-EXCHANGE -WEDNESDAY. Notwithstanding the arrivals of English Wheat have been very limited since our :last report, the demand for that article was in a very sluggish state ; aid when sales were pressed, lower prices were accepted for.the middling and inferior qualities. So little was doing in Foreign Wheat, both for and in bond, that the rates were almost nominal. Barley and Malt met a very strong inquiry, and prices were barely supported. Oats, Beans, Peas, and Flour, was quite as dear. ARRIVALS. Wheat. Barley. I Oats. Flour English. 2,040 qrs. —qrs. 650 qre. 2,150 sacks Irish.. 2,0.30 Foreign. 3lO 2,280 Malt. 1.650 qrs. WIIITECRAPEL. For the time of year we had rather a large supply o Meat, while the trade was in a very sluggish state, at barely stationary prices :—Beef, from 2s 4d to 3s 4d; Mutton, 2s 6d to 3s Bcl ; Lamb, 3s 4d to 4s 6d ; Veal, 3s 4d to 4s 4d; and Pork, 2s 6d to'.3s 10d per Blbs, by the carcase. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.—(THIS DAY.) LONDON, SEPT. 4.—Wind N.E., fresh breeze, and fine. DEAL, SEPT. 3.—Wind E. to E.N.E., a strong breeze. —Sld. Morayshire, Sydney; Sharp, Ceylon; Shepherd, Ichaboe ; Jane, Cape Coast Castle. OFF BEACHY HEAD, AUG. 31.—Aberdina, Baltimore, for Bremen. WHITSTBLE, SEPT. 3.—The Friends of Liberty, for Rye, and Margaret (schooner), from London to Wales, got on the Middle Sand this morning, and the Alpha, of Preston, for Bristol, on the Spaniard Sand, but they all came off without assistance. LLANMADOCIC, AUG. 31.—The schooner Margaret, of Bristol, was raised to-day, and carried near the shore and placed on harder sand—cargo discharging. SHEERNESS, SEPT. 3.—The Achilles, from London to Portsmouth, struck on the Cant this morning, but has got off, and has come into this harbour leaky. LIVERPOOL, SEPT. 3.—Wind S.S.E., light.—Arrd. Victoria, White, Barbadoes ; Independence, New York. The Letherland, at Dublin, from China, was attacked in a calm, off the Anambus, China Seas, by a piratical proa, which sheered off, after being fired at two or three times, and leisurely surveyed the ship out of gun-shot ; a breeze springing up, enabled the former to proceed. The South-Western Railway Directors have an nounced their intention to apply forthwith to Parliament for leave to make a direct line from Salisbury to Exeter; and Mr. Locke, the eminent engineer, is at present sur veying the country. The saving of distance is about 30 miles, and the route will include the populous towns of Yeovil, Sherborne, &c.— Western Times. TILE HERRING FISIIING.—We regret that the her ring fishing has utterly failed this year in the Moray Firth, and even at Wick the take has been deficient. 'To day about sixty persons arrived at Dingwall on their re turn from Bnrghead and other places, to the West Coast, and they are sadly disappointed at the result—Ross shire Advertiser. THE STATE TRIALS. WRIT OF ERROR. HOUSE OF LORDS.-THIS DAY. JUDGMENT IN THE CASE OF O'CONNELL AND OTHERS. The approaches to the House of Peers were as crowded this morning as they were on Monday, and within five minutes after the doors were opened the galleries and the space below the bar were filled in every part. The counsel occupied the same places that they did on Monday. The attendance of Peers was large. Among those present we observed the Marquis of `Winchester, the Earl of Verulam, the Earl of Stradbroke, the Earl of Shaftesbury, the Earl of Hardwicke, Viscount Strangford, Lord Redesdale, Lord Beaumont, Lord Brougham, Lord Denman, Lord Cottenham, andrLord Campbell. The Bishop of LICHFIELD and COVENTRY read prayers. The LORD CHANCELLOR laid on the table the sup plementary report of the Commissioners of Bye-laws. His Lordship then took his seat upon the woolsack at a quarter after ten. GRAY r. THE QUEEN (IN ERROR.) This case was the first called on for judgment. The LORD CHANCELLOR said, that in this case he could not find anything to add to the arguments of the majority of the judges, that he was satisfied with the conclusion to which they had come, and he therefore moved that the judgment of the court below should be reversed, and that a venire de novo should, if necessary, be granted. Lord BROUGHAM agreed entirely in the same opi nion, and in fact never entertained a doubt upon the subject. Lord CAMPBELL was also of opinion that the judg ment ought to be reversed, and with all respect for the opinion of the majority of the Irish judges and of the Learned Baron, who agreed with them, he thought they were confounding the reason and the rule. The reason for granting the peremptory challenge might be in favorem vitae, but the rule was to grant the peremptory challenge in all cases of felony, and so the rule must remain until the Legislature should think proper to alter it. The motion for reversing the sentence was then agreed to, and it was ordered that the court below do issue a venire de novo. O'CONNELL AND OTHERS v. THE QUEEN • (IN ERROR)—JUDGMENT. The LORD CHANCELLOR moved that in this case the • judgment of the court below be affirmed. When this case and the record of the proceedings in it were first presented at their Lordships' bar, it had occurred to him, as he believed it had occurred to every other Noble Lord who had attended to those proceedings, that it would be proper, both with reference to the questions to be decided, and to the nature and character of the other cir cumstances connected with the case, and in order to avoid all possible suspicion of political bias on the part of their Lordships' House, to have the assistance of the judges. That assistance had been requested, and those learned persons had assembled in their Lordships' House, ,and had at tended with their accustomed patience to the elabo rate arguments which with great legal ability had been urged at their Lordships' bar. As soon as was consistent with their other duties, those learned per sons had assembled together, had :consulted on the subject, and after giving it most mature and atten tive consideration, had attended before their Lord ships' and had communicated to them the results of their consideration. With respect to all the points, except one question, their judgment was unanimous. With respect to that other question, seven of the learned judges, with the Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas at their head, had expressed a clear, distinct, and decided opinion against the objection s which had been urged. Two others of the j ud g es, for whom he had the greatest possible respect, pr °; nounced an adverse opinion ; but in his opinion, and he might be permitted to say, that he was sure their, Lordships' concurred with him, at least such 01 them as were present on the occasion , t hat tlsat opinion was accompanied with much doubt and beg' tation. He thought, under these circumstances, unless their Lordships were thoroughly and entirely satis fied, that the opinion of the great majoritY of the judges was founded on a p al P abf' error, that they would feel themselve s bound by their decision to adhere to and support their jug; ment, and to act in conformity with it. He woula shortly s tate the nature of the question ; and after the full discussion it had already undergone, he woul d only briefly suggest such arguments as occurred to) 1 3 1 mind in support of the opinion which he entertai n°. The indictment in this case consisted of several coot t —they were elm en in number. A general judgine ll e had been pronounced by the court. Some of the.. counts were stated, by the unanimous opini on of 01: judges, to be defective in point of law — to charge to indictable offence. Others of those counts, in t opinion of the judges, were defective in another re:9 spect—not that there was any defect in the coul3,!f themselves, but in the findings, and the enterings the findings of the jury on those counts. The gine, tion was, under such circumstances, whether on it fective count in an indictment, and other counts vfh t ' r , were defective in respect to the findings and en t a e ings of the findings upon them, a general PI ment could be sustained ? Their Lordsl:ll4 would observe that this was a mere techni:o question a question, he admitted, of g r ot importance, which was never presented to the below, not arising from their judgment, bu t ar ts out of manner in which the judgment w as en $e up by those who were to discharge that duty 11 3° could only: repeat such of the arguments shell': a to dressed to their Lordships, but he must b e allowteoct, say that he always considered it as a clear, (3,svor and undoubted principle of the criminal law ol,"e land, that a general verdict was sufficient in a eP - 00 .st this nature. Lord Mansfield laid it down in th e e 0 distinct and full terms; he drew a distinction be'soe civil and criminal cases. In civil cases lle where there was a general verdict and general ds?_,,. given by the jury upon a declaration consistlys, several counts, and one of those counts was defe c ter ea the judgment might be arrested, or, if it was 1 0 0_ 1 up, it might be set aside on a writ of error ; b l f l fec s regard to the same point—namely, as to the era l e . ti dr one defective count where there was a gen se ment, he said that was good in criminal cases 't th e stated it was good in criminal cases, and, i f ' lot same time, he regretted that the rill% .011 ever been differently laid down in civil cases. it . i ' c b 1° said there was an exception to this rule, to would presently allude. Lord Mansfield la' 9 0 st 3 t the rule in terms, broad, general, comprehesos'_,.4 so, without any exception whatever. But that sirt the' the opinion of that Learned Judge alone. : ch Di e time he was supported and assisted on the beveci the some of the most able judges that ever ad °l. f tribunals of the country, and that o pinion 0 00 3 0 Mansfield was expressed in their prese nce, no t course had their concurrence. That it Wes cite aye opinion hastily formed was obvious from th 9 , be r Ihe stance, that on a subsequent occasion , in anecioso pi s reported in " Cooper's Reports , " h e laid 0,0. same doctrine in the same terms, in the or4ooo prehensive manner, without any exception atit he cation whatever. He took it, therefore, tfl t oat De the general rule, and from the first morae ri t ' t dist ~e r entered the profession down to the mai le r r' e te a heard it agitated at their Lordships' h.7o,olyriwuril heard it called in question. It v, , as t irlj 0 01° of; upon without doubt and hesitatio n 't.hoo 3 l , e isra it in all the treatises and te" he " - oat the subject. For the first t t. ths - ,, t eO - 1 it stated at their Lordships' ba r f juoe" rule only applied to motions in arrest e e be f s rey He had never heard of such a doctr in an etiO to d he was quite sure there was no case to s, O be s t 4e) no decision to warrant it—no authoritY (I's 0 ,0 in support of it. The Learned Bert'said who was in a minority on this occasie ti li e (the f ise' surprised to find it called in question. t hat 511 Chancellor) confessed that he shared in to, be at / po for d' iti ea ° and he was quite satisfied, after all he h a " the subject, that there was no ground joist bad ground for the exception which had hee l ! a s the_ 0 6 Observe what was the constant practice poi", for Id be y „ v el d t because from that practice they would the C°- te er O rci ' find what the law was. In civil cases the plaintiff deliberately examined the n sere d Teri tl r on what count the verdict was to he e o f ell the purpose of averting the consequeursi_ce in s it upon a bad count. That never too,' P_T use less_ oti s' minal case ; and this could not arise o r c, Ole tention was given to criminal cases, or o s ' tate d sel were less astute. Now what s h o w e °lii" t l/cel ground for exception ? It was said, c o_ know that a part of the punishnlent 1 ( 1 ; c isil rego te f awarded on a defective count a n ° t , damages were awarded by the jury, l _, htit tcoa s' sum, and the court could not ten Is ti s e fec.- ce ,se them were awarded in respect of the L.,, e slall to e the ) ,hoo l `wal and therefore it was necessary tha t They had no means of a that it 0 should he arrested, or if entered up, , in h reversed. But no such rule preva n: _ bnie et. i „ 0 , 1. cases—it was not necessary that pu 15,0-0 50C1.,r0)(1. co unt. t e " pe ° be awarded on any particular , c ould ref tion could be sustained. o perso.o edges 0.5 be ce was not in the confidence of the r i ed " , 6 . o le• jefe stl e j apportioning ,udg of what judgment had been l l ‘ f v t a here w as s te ference to the record itself. count, t had aPP rc to r- ct , f e s ' judge in awarding punishment hat in resr part o to part or assigned any i n on o did it by any means count? There was no similarity ue from They could not from reason arg follow that - ate ct ops -_) kuer.