The Sun. — London, England, 1844-03-04 00:00:00

OTAHEITE. The following are copies of the letters addressed by Queen Pomare to Admiral Dupetit Thouars and to the King of the French : " QUEEN POMARE TO ADMIRAL DIJPETIT TIIOUARS. " Papeete, Nov. 5, 1843. " Monsieur I'Amiral—l have received the letter which you have written to me. You suppose that I allow myself to be guided by the counsels of persons who surround me, who are not favourable to the plans of your country, you say, and liho may even draw down great misfor tunes upon myself and my people. You are entirely mistaken—l act upon my own impulse alone. As to the flag which I have adopted, if it has a crown upon it, it is because I desired that it should be, in order that this emblem might call to mind that of my sovereignty ; and such is the motive why I desire to retain it. " I desire to see my flag flying as it has done, without any change being made in it. Nothing to this effect is stipulated in the treaty ; and consequently I have no thing to fear. The only motive which induced me to give my signature on the 9th of September, 1842, was the fear of exposing my people to some evil. " Receive, &c., " POMARE." "QUEEN POMARE TO ADMIRAL DUPETIT THOURAS. " Adnairal.—l have received the letter you have written to me relative to the flag. M. Carpegna has also told me all that you wished him to say. " I can in no way agree to your demand that I should take down my flag. It bears the emblem of my sovereignty, and shows the motive why [wish to keep it. Moreover, the treaty stipulates nothing with regard to the flag. " Any person that may attack my flag will be most culpable.—Accept, &c., POMARE." " QUEEN POMARE TO ADMIRAL DUPETIT TIIOURAS. " Papeete, 6th Nov., 1843. " Admiral,—l have not deviated anything from the treaty which I concluded on the 9th of September, 1842 —a treaty which I subscribed under the influence of fear. Yes, I must repeat it, if I have given my signature, it was simply owing to fear. " I can assure you that in placing a crown on my flag I had no intention of breaking the treaty, or of placing myself in opposition to the European Governments. Such is my Royal will. " I do not desire in any way to create the smallest estrangement between myself and the King of France. Far from that, I am full of respect for his person, as well as for the treaty concluded with him. " I have eomplied with the wish expressed-by you a few days ago in one of your letters, in which you re quest me to apprise the chiefs that you wish them to meet, in order that you might present the Commissioner of the King of France, and communicate the letters of which he is the bearer. I desire that no disorder may take place in my Go. vernment, and that is the wish which I have caused to be made known to my people. " One of my most ardent wishes is to be the only suf ferer by the circumstances which are at present taking place, but I beg of you not to deprive me of my sove reignty"; leave me all that belongs to me, and do not establish yourself on th e littl e i s l a n Hontononta. " I place all my confidence in God, and I beg the - protection of your King. Receive my salutations. (Signed) " POMARE, Queen of Otaheite. " To Admiral Dupetit Thouars." " ADMIRAL DUPETIT THOITARS TO MADAME' POMARE. " Bay of Papeete, on beard the Frigate La Reine Blanche, Nor. 9, 1843. " Madame,—l have the honour to inform you, that I have no longer now the power of holding any official communication with you. All communications that you may desire to lay before his Majesty Louis Philippe, must be addressed to Governor Bruat. " A. DUPETIT THOUARB." " LETTER TO THE KING. " Parfai Otaheite, Nov. 9, 1843. " Petition of Pomare, to L ouis Philippe, King of the French. " 0 King ! I have been deprived this day of my Go vernment. My sovereignty has been violated, and your Admiral has, with arms in his bands, taken possession of my territory, because I was accused of not observing the treaty concluded on the 9th of September, 1842. " I never had the intention, in putting Me -crown in sky flag, to condemn the said treaty and to insult you, 0 King ! " I suppose that you do not consider the fact of my having put the crown in my flag as a crime. Your Ad miral only demanded the change of a small part ; but if I had consented to that, my sovereignty would have been deposed by the great chiefs. " I did not know there was any part Of the treaty n hick fixed the nature of my flag. I protest formally against the harsh measure taken by your Admiral ; but I have confidence in you, and I expect my deliverance from your compassion, ,from ypur justice, and from your goodness, for a Sovereign without power. " My prayer is this—May the Almighty soften your heart, may you recognise the justice of my deihand, and restore me to my sovereignty and the government of my ancestors. _ _ - " Be blessed by God, 0 King, and may your reign be long and flourishing ! " Such is my prayer. (Signed) " POMARE." COPY OF A LETTER FROM COMMODORE NICOLAS TO ADMIRAL DU PETIT THOUARS. " Her Britannic Majesty's Ship Vindictive, in Papeete Harbour, Otaheite, June 4, 1843. " Sir,—Having come to this island in the month of February last, expressly with the hope of having the honour of meeting you here, in order to have ex plained to you fully the exact relation in which Great Britain stands with regard to Otaheite, I think it right, now that I am led to expect you daily, thus to convey to you in writing the nature of those relations. BUt, first, I must observe to you, Sir, that which your experience in diplomacy will at once make ma nifest to you, that until I receive the commands of my Sovereign, it is impossible for me to acknowledge the validity of the treaty which you h av e ma d e with the Queen of Otaheite, though I have uniformly shown every courtesy towards it, and am still disposed to do so whilst we are awaiting the decision of our respective Govern ments. "My correspondeuce with the officer in command of the' naval forces of France at this place, as' well as that which I have had with'the Provisional Government, you will, I trust, do 'me' the honour to read, as I have re quested that the whole of these documents may be laid before you. - ' "By this correspondence you will obser ve, , Sir, the measures that I have p urs u e d relative to the Queen Pomare and her Government since my arrival here. Those measures have been guided by the authorities on international law - which I have always kept before me ; and by a reference to those writers, as quoted in -my different letters, I hope and believe that you will find that I have not digressed in any shape from the limits they prescribe. " Although, Sir, it may now be too late to offer such observations as I could have desired to have done, as the senior British *naval officer in this part •of the Piicific Ocean, had I fortunately been at Otaheite at the period of your demanding the treaty in question ; yet, I hope I may still be permitted to call your attention to certain facts bearing upon it, of which I have acquired a know ledge during my long detention here ; and the greater part of these, it Is my sincere belief, that you are wholly unacquainted with. Several of these facts I transmitted with my letter of the 28th of May to Captain Vrig naud for your information and that of the French Go vernment ; and I would particularly request your peru sal of the declarations of the different Chiefs at the meetings that have been held during your' absence. as conveying the real feelings of the people 'of Otaheite towards our respective nations. These ' papers are marked from No. 1 to 10, and are with Capt. Vrignaud. " I am aware, Sir, that it will be represented to you by the French Consul, that I have counselled the Queen Pomare to adopt certain measures which he deems an . infringement of the rights guaranteed to her Majesty under your treaty. But here, Sir, I am directly at issue .with him ; for I contend—and I am prepared to prove my assertion by the authorities to which I }lave referred in, my several letters (and these are, I believe, the most celebrated writers on international law),—that the Queen has not deviated one iota from her prerogative of sovereignty which was confirmed to her Majesty by the treaty which, to use her Majesty's words, she ' was com pelled to sign in the month of September last.' " In my letter to Captain Vrignaud, hereinbefore referred to, I stated to him, that immediately upon my arrival here, and even before I had anchored, I re- i ceived a letter from the Queen, in which she threw her self wholly on the protection of G rea t B r i tain, cla i ming the fulfilment of those solemn assurances which had been, from time to time, made to her father and herself by the British Government. Being in possession of those assurances, I considered it my imperative duty to act up to them, to the extent of my power, by submitting to the consideration of the Queen Pomare my best advice whenever her Majesty soli cited it, whereby I know that it has been repre sented, that whilst the flag of France has been her Ma jesty's ostensible protector, that of Great Britain has virtually executed this duty. But, Sir, even allowing this to be the fact, I feel and know that I have never exceeded the strict limits of my duty as a British officer, fulfilling, to the best of my abilities, the assur ances of my Sovereign; and, however much her Majesty the Queen of Otaheite may have felt the truth of this statement, and that her hawing acted in accordance with it may, at times, have been disagreeable to the Provi sional Government, who may have viewed the terms of the treaty differently frOm the Queen and myself, yet I confidently trust that I have acted rightly under the cir cumstances in which I have been placed, it having been my most anxious desire to do this ; indeed, so sincerely do I hope that I shall have merit e d t h e approbation of my Government, that were I in a precisely similar posi tion to-morrow, 'I would closely adhere to the same course, be the consequences whatever they might. '- " To refer more particularly to the existing treaty, your intimate knowledge of diplomacy must show you, Sir, that as I have just observed, it can have no vali dity in point of fact until it has been ratified by your Sovereign nor, as regards me, until it h as been ac knowledged by mine. Hence, in my counselling the Queen from time to time, agreeably to he r Majesty's requests, I have only been duly carrying out, as I have already stated, the views and intentions of my Government, by giving to her Majesty all the protec tion of our good offices in the differences which unhappily exist. between her Majesty and yourself as the repre sentative of the King of the French in these seas; but in riEw C. iti!‘ rt . lAiiviCe to Queen Pomare I have uniformly coun ie.ifeilber Majesty to confine the exercise of her prero -4:"‘".--.."'"-glith'4, forthe present, to the government of her own . ) subjects solely, and thi s right was irrefutably secured ‘,..... i f i to. her Majesty by the t re at y aga i nst w hi c h s h e so l ou dl y ecoplahas,And which, if ratified by your Government, wit/ at oixceitake from the Queen all her ~.. . .. ier . ~---- ,„ --. re gA ri k k °reign ;aglow. . attributes as —.L....1LL-7 " The Queen, however, having most solemnly declared again and again, and which declarations have been trans mitted by her, both to the King of the French as well as the Queen of England, that it was through fear, and fear alone, arising from the menaces that overwhelmed her, that her Majesty put her name with agonising reluct ance, as she herself states (and this is confirmed by those who were then around her), to the paper that was sent to her to sign, I feel convinced, Sir, that when your Sovereign is made acquainted with this important fact, his Majesty will withhold his ratification until further explanation has been had on this grave question; and I feel equally satisfied, Sir, that had you been fully ac quainted with all the events that occurred at that period near the Queen at Eimeo, you never would have sanc tioned such proceedings being used towards her Majesty, and the more especially so, whilst you had borne in mind the delicate situation in which her Majesty then was ; a situationwhich has ever claimed from men of every civil lized country in the world protection, and kindness, and favour, and, most of all, from those of a nation which stands pre-eminent in its chivalric gallantry towards that sex whom we all regard it to be our highest honour to guard from insult, and to shield from wrong. " In addition to this painful circumstance, I have further to observe, that I have been credibly assured that, some days subsequent to her Majesty having, after many hours' refusal, at length, through• threats on the one side, and urgent importunities on the other, put her name to the first document that was forwarded to her at Eimeo (the treaty), and which act she did, as she then declared, and still declares, solely to save her subjects from the fire of your guns, a second (the proclamation), was laid before her Majesty for her signature, and which at last her Majesty also signed, through the menacing demands of the Consul of France, and these insulting threats were offered, it cannot be forgotten, at a time when the Queen's accouchement was hourly looked for, and, in truth, within one hour of her Majesty's signa- tore being so unfeelingly and so harshly obtained, she was actually taken in labour, the pains of which were has tened, as it is universally believed, by the great distress of mind, together with the offensive conduct of the French Consul towards this unhappy defenceless woman! And her Majesty gave birth to a child, after great suf fering, on the following day. " France, Europe, the world, Sir, will form its opinion of these unexampled proceedings; and which you will, lam assured, alike censure and condemn. _ _ " These facts, which you thus become possessed of, and which, I believe, were hitherto unknown to you, will, I feel convinced, cause you sincerely to deplore the events that I now describe, in relation to the Queen of this island, and these events, when brought to the con sideration of your generous Sovereign, will, I am confi dent, at once induce his Majesty to restore to the Queen Pomare all those rights which, it is he most unwillingly and most reluctantly s ence I trust you will, on becoming acquain true state of Her Majesty's case, unite with me, an with all who have heard of these facts, in reprobation of the conduct of the individual* who has been the main in strument of all the evils that have arisen of late in Otaheite, and who, I am credibly informed, has been heard to say, on one or more occasions, That it should not be his fault if there was not a war between the two nations meaning France and England. This feeling he seems indeed to have acted up to in every trans action ; but I sincerely trust and hope that his self interested views will, in this and in every other point, be frustrated and rendered wholly abortive. " I must now remark, Sir, that throughout my cor respondence with the Provisional Government, my ear nest desire has been, that the arguments I have adduced in answer to their various representations, and in sup port of the different measures that I may have adopted, should be submitted to you'on your arrival, or earlier, if the opportunities offered of forwarding my several letters to you ; indeed they were written with this sole inten tion, an I gave the copies of two of these letters to Commodore Lavaud with the request that he would transmit them to you on his reaching Valparaiso, as I have been very anxious that you should be informed of the view I have taken of the treaty made by you with Queen Pomare and her Chiefs in September last ; and this anxiety has been increased by my learning_ the peculiar, and I may add, I believe, the unprecedented circumstances which, as I have just represented, attended the Sovereign's signature being procured to that docu ment. " These circumstances will, I consider, in accordance with the opinions that have been held by the first writers on international law, render this treaty void ab initio, for , the following reasons : " Puffendorf (book iii., chap. 6, sec. 9) states, that— " Promises made under fear, that is, under a vehe ment terror of the mind caused by a threatening of some grievous mischief, are evidently not binding.' " And again, in section 10 of the same book and chap ter, he says:— " Aristotle calls those only mixed, that is partly vo luntary and partly involuntary actions, which are under • taken for the sake of declining some mischief which we are like to suffer, such as throwing goods overboard in a storm to preserve our lives.' " And in the same section it is expressly said, that— "'Fear alone invalidates and destroys an obligation.' (3). (See also book i., chap. iv., sec. 9.) " And here I should observe, Sir, that the evident mis chief that the Queen dreaded was your threat to fire on her subjects if her Majesty did not sign this treaty, or pay , into your hands the SUM of 10,000 hard dollars within a stipulated number of hours; whereas, this de mand of hard dollars was quite as impossible for the Queen to fulfil, as must have been well known to the Consul of France, as if you had stipulated for 10,000 rubies. "Barbeyrac, who, you are aware, was the translator of, and commentator on, the works of Grotius and Puf fendorf, and who, it is said, has been considered to have approached the nearest to the true law of nations, gives in his note (3) to the above extract from Puffendorf the following quotation from Cicero:— " Jam illis promissis standum non esse quis non videt, gum coactus quis metu, quaa deceptus dolo pro miserit? Qua 3 quidem pleraque jure Prwtorio liberantur nonnulla legibus.' De Offic.l. 1, c. 10; id est—' As for promises extorted by fear and fraud, who sees not that we are not obliged to keep them? The pretor himself frees us from many of them, and the laws from others.' "Further Barbeyrac says in his note 5 to section x., p. 278 " 'We must then conclude that, by natural right, all force, and every kind of violence, direct or , indirect, all menaces, and in general all unlawful influences which oblige men, contrary to their inclination, to give their consent, which otherwise they would not, takes away that liberty which is necessary to make an engagement valid, and consequently renders all promises and agree ments in such cases null and void.' "Further, in Lsection xi. of the same book and chap ter (1. 2, book iii., chap. vi.) it is stated-- " "nose promises, then, or pacts, we take to be in valid which a man is compelled to be engaged in by the unjust force of the party to whom they are made; since he who extorts anything from another by using unjust terrors is, by the law of , nations, bound to restore it, and must, consequently, make good what the other person loses by such a forced bargain.' " And again, in the same section, it is stated, that— "'That which renders the contract unjust is the hard fortune of the suit', rer, not the person of the doer.'—' It would be a foolish and idle way of Icting, when we are once got clear of the danger, to pay voluntarily what we promised upon force.' And it . is also said in this section that— " A promise made through the compulsion of fear shall not be binding.' "And in section xiii., Puffendorf gives a quotation from Dionys. lialicar, (1. viii., p. 509, in fin. Edit. Lips.), wherein it is maintained that— " Whatever is extorted from private men, or from public states, by force and necessity, holds no longer than the necessity itself continues.' " Grotius also (lib. 2. c. xi. s. 7) says— " That if he to whom the promise was made did ob tain it of the other party, by putting him in a fear, though never so slight, he is obliged to release the pro miser if he desires it.' _ _ " Vattel, in book iv. chap. iv. s. 37, likewise maintains the same principle, as he says, of a constrained or forced submission : If ever the plea of constraint may be alleged, it is against an act which does not deserve the name of a treaty of peace—against a forced submission to conditions which are equally offensive to ju • nit to all the du ties of humanity.' And, further t and ra pacious conqueror subdues a nation a orces her to accept of hard, and ignominious, and unsupportable con ditions, necessity obliges her to submit ; but this appa rent tranquillity is not a peace; it is an oppression which she endures only so long as sho wants the means of shaking it off, and against which men of spirit rise on the first favourable opportunity.' " And, again,--A Although the law of nations aims at protecting the safety and peace of nations, by enjoining the faithful observance of provinces, it does not favour oppressors.' " With these incontrovertible data, it is, I contend, quite impossible to maintain the validity of the treaty in question, even supposing you had been furnished with the express credentials from your Sovereign to conclude it ; whereas, if I am rightly informed, you never in tended. to have entered the harbour of Papeete, when you appeared off it, in September last, had not your Consul, on his vi s it to you, found some pretended cau es f it or r i yg our t s o a d popting, u u p r r t e u n eg the course whi c h y ou a t l eng th d eeme d * „ I may be allowed. to say, Sir, appears the more extraordinary after the letters that were writ ten to Queen Pomare by Commodore Buglet, your • mediate predecessor in th e command of the nava forces France in these seas, only s i x months before your ars rival at Otaheite, and those of C a p ta i n du I3ouzec of L'Aube, l written but a few weeks antecedent to your coming here, and the copies of these are in my posses- sion, in both of which were expressed the most perfect satisfaction with all the last measures pursued by the Queen with regard to the subjects of the French nation in Otaheite. " Amidst the variety of reflections, Sir, which the deli cate duties I have had to execute at Otaheite during the last four months will hereafter create in me, that which I shall ever pride myself the most upon will be the temper and forbearance which I feel that I have uniformly evinced, and this every disinterested person here will, I am confident, confirm, in the various difficulties, and I may also add offences (as my letters, to tivhich I have called your attention, will prove), that have been offered towards me. by the individual whom I charge with being the sole cause of all those late misunderstandings that have arisen in this island, and which, had I been actuated with the same spirit, must, in niy belief, have produced a war between Great Britain and France. That this may be long averted is, lam assured, the best de sire of the Governments of each, and should be that of all who serve under them. " I consider it right that I should now assure you, i Sir, that I am confident England seeks not—desires not —to possess a paramount influence in Otaheite. All * N:. AlQorenliout, 'rencll Consul At Qtaheite. she seeks is to see the Sovereign of the island free and independent, giving the same favour and protection to subjects of every state, without showing undue partiality to either. " I cannot terminate my letter without conveying to you my sense of the amicable disposition that has been generally evinced by the commander of the naval forces here, Captain Vrignaud, for the maintenance of harmony between our respective flags; and, but for his praise worthy measures, I shall always believe that there would have been a rupture between our two nations. " June B.—Having just heard from Captain Gambier, of the Satellite, that you are not likely, in his belief, to come immediately to Otaheite, I will take leave to for ward this letter by Captain Vrignaud; and my best hope is that it may be my good fortune to have the honour of making your acquaintance at no distant period, even though I may not be fated to do so at Otaheite.—With the highest consideration, I have the honour to be, Sir your very obedient, very humble servant, " J. TOUP NICOLAS, Commodore." SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF SATURDAY. GLOBE.—The character of the public press, like that of public men, is public property. In propor tion as the reputation of the public journals is pre served free from suspicion—we speak now without reference to mere party distinctions—will be the de pendence placed on their statements of facts, and the regard with which their discussions of public ques tions will be received. In this view, the debate of last night in the House of Commons acquires an im portance which is perfectly independent of the motion on which it took place. The motion for returns of expenses incurred by the Crown in prosecuting Mr. O'Connell and his co-defendants would have possessed little interest. It was the application " for the amounts paid to Mr. Bond Hughes, Mr. Charles Ross, and Mr. John Jackson, and to the proprietors of the Standard and Morning Herald newspapers," which constituted the gist of the motion, and the interest of the debate. And for this special reason ; the character of the public press, and the position of those employed in conducting it, were supposed to have been compromised by the part which the individuals named in the motion had taken at the instance of the Government. This opinion, well or ill founded—and the discussion of last night has afforded material assistance to the inquiry—con ferred upon the notice of motion a considerable de gree of public interest; created, as was natural, out of the imputations which seemed to rest upon a portion of the public press, the character of which, as a whole, had been impeached by the alleged conduct of certain of its members. This produced an anxiety to ascer tain the justice or injustice of the accusations, and the circumstance which increased or diminished the turpitude of the acts charged upon the parties. Of Mr. Bond Hughes—the gentleman whose name stands first in the motion for returns—little need be said, but that little is to the credit, and not to the disparagement of his fair fame. Engaged in Mr. Gurney's office as a shorthand writer, it was only in the course of his professional duty that he attended the meetings of the Repeal As sociation, to report the proceedings, at which he was employed by the Government. His re ports were accurate—mere records of the pro ceedings. His evidence on the trial, and his gen , tlemanly deportment throughout, obtained for him the respect of all parties. The error respecting the presence of Mr. Barrett at one of the meet ings, was explained to general satisfaction ; and Mr. Hughes acquitted himself, throughout the performance of a difficult and invidious duty, with out losing an iota of private or public respect. Nor did his employment subject the Government to any unjust reproach. If the " monster meetings" were regarded by Ministers with apprehension, it was right that they should know what was said and what was done at them. And no better course could be taken than to depute an efficient shorthand writer, and a respectable person, like Mr. B. Hughes, to observe and record the events of each meeting. It would have been well for those for whose conduct the Government is respon sible, and whom Sir James Graham last night un dertook to defend, had they been always equally dis creet in their choice of agents. They did not pre serve the same delicacy.in selecting reporters for their purpese. Sir James Graham, as was shown by his explanations and admissions of last night, is deeply and disreputably implicated in these trans actions. By those inducements which a Minister of State has at his command when he chooses to employ them, and thinks he can do so with suc cess, Sir James Graham first seduces Mr. C. Ross, asalaried reporter on the establishment of the Morn ing Chronicle, and employs him to do the dirty work 'of the Government at the Donnybrook meeting. The Chronicle has stated the facts and commented upon this interference with its employe in terms not more severe than well deserved—and which we ex tract in another column. STANDARD.—The Member for Finsbury last night brought forward his motion for an account of the money paid for information, respecting the late proceeding in Ireland, to certain reporters and short hand writers, and to the proprietors, conductors, managers, arid agents of the Morning Herald and Standard newspapers. The first part of the motion was granted without difficulty, but Sir James Graham resisted that part which concerned the proprietors, conductors, managers, &c., of the two newspapers named, on the ground that it offered a gratuitous insult to gentlemen, to whom he solemnly pledged his honour not one farthing of money had ever passed. We have that confi dence in the known character of this journal, and of all connected with it, to be satisfied with a much slighter testimony to our honour and integrity than that of the Right Hon. the Home Secretary, were the accuser a much more respect able one than Mr. Thomas S. Duncombe. The exculpation is, however, much more complete than it would be had Sir James Graham complied with Mr. Duncombe's motion.; and this, we have no doubt, was the consideration which determined the honourable mind of Sir James Graham to adopt the course taken by him. A return might easily and safely state a falsehood, but a solemn declaration like that of the Right Honourable Se cretary precludes every possible suspicion of un truth. No, Alr. Thomas Buncombe, we had no money for information ; and, to say truth, we had no claim for money on this account, for we furnished no information. Mr. Ross was our special correspondent ; his instructions from us were to report faithfully the proceedings at the repeal meetings held in the country parts of Ireland, which our regular correspondent, permanently resident in Dublin, could not attend; and at the intervals of the county meetings to give such assistance as he could to our Dublin corre spondent. For this special service ss e employed him, and we paid hint, and have every reason to be grateful for the integrity, zeal, and ability with w hich he executed the special service in which we employed him. We say special service, because Mr. Buncombe stated what is not the fact, in saying that Mr. Ross remains attached to the Standard. When the " monster meetings " ceased, we had no further occasion for Mr. Ross's services, and we regret that we had no vacancy for him upon our establishment— we regret it the more, because the genuine spirit of persecution inherent in all Jaco bins, has pressed upon the Morning Chronicle the necessity of (reluctantly as we firmly believe) dismissing this gentleman from his permanent en gagement with that journal. And thus this unlucky man—a gentleman of education and talent, and of unspotted honour—is with his family thrown upon the world, for having merely discharged, with fidelity, the duty owing by every good subject. SERIOUS AFFRAY AT WELLING IN KENT, FELL 27. —About 12 o'clock yesterday, at noon, a person named Fre derick Hunter ' residing at this place, became furiouslyinsane, and presented fire-arms at several persons out of the windows. A woman who resides in the same house called out " Murder," when police-constable 78 R, and two other persons, attempted to get him out of the window, but did not succeed. Infor mation was then given at the Bexley-heath police-station, when Sergeant Procter immediately rode to the spot, fol lowed by police-constables Smith and 'Waterman, 75 R and 44 R. On .their arrival they found the house surrounded by a mob, and Hunter in his chamber, with the door barricaded. On - Sergeant Procter going to the lower room, he came to the window, and presented a double-barrelled gun close to his head. On the arrival of police-constables 44 and 75, they all proceeded to break into the chamber to secure the maniac, and while they were in the act of bursting open the door, he snapped a pistol at them three times, and brandished a carv ing knife in his other hand. They obtained an entrance at great risk, as he fought desperately with a knife and pistol. Police-constable 44 ultimately knocked down and overpowered him, when it was discovered that he had stabbed himself in ,two places in the abdomen. Mr. Grantham (the divisional surgeon), who happened to be in the village, and attended the unfortunate man, expressed it as his opinion that the in juries will not pro ve fatal, unless the intestines should prove to be cut through. He was removed to the Rose and Crown Inn, and remains in custody of the police. He had in his possession a double-barrelled gun and seven pistols, all loaded heavily, a sw or d- s ti c k, an d carv i ng -k n if e. I n the struggle to secure him, police-constable Waterman,44 R, had his head cut in two or three places with the knife, as well as his clothes ; and Sergeant Procter's fingers were cut. DISCOVERY OF SKELETONS.-011 Wednesday week, as men were digging in the Outer-Trinities, now used as a nursery by Mr. Swaile t s, they found a pit in which were de posited the remains of several human skeletons. No less than seven skulls, with the teeth in excellent preservation, were taken out. The place is supposed to have lft en the burial-ground belonging to the Monastery of the Blackfriars, which was demolished about four centuries ago.—Hull Ad vertise' ANOTHER FIRE AT • NAVENSBY.—OR Friday morning, a straw stack belonging to Mr. Daubney, fanner, of this place, was sot on fire and totally consumed. No doubt is entertained that this was the act of an incendiary, and we understand that the footmarks of a man were traced from the stack across an adjoining field, but there the trace was lost. It would seem from the circumstance of the distance between the footmarks increasing as the incendiary left the place, that he was disturbed, or, seeing it blaze out, was frightened and took to running. An accurate copy of the footmark has ,been taken, and it is hoped that this circumstance may lead to the detection of the offender,—.Boston ilerald. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, MARCH 4, 1844. LAW INTELLIGENCE. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, March 2. IN THE MATTER OF LOUIS AUGUSTE DIEUDONNE ALIAS LEON D'ARNAY. The insolvent had been an extensive corn-factor and Government contractor at Nevas, in France, which place he suddenly left in June, 1812, and came to this country, bringing with him, as he admitted, 3,6001. in money. He owed in France upwards of 13,0001., which now appeared on the schedule, and his debts in the aggregate were set forth at 19,5861. He had 2,032/. owing to him, and alleged that he had left property in France which had been seized by the syndic under his bankruptcy, and would pay the creditors 25 per cent. on their claims. Soon after his departure he was declared a bankrupt par contumace, and had been condemned to the galleys for twenty years as a fraudulent bankrupt. He had been in this country in partnership in the business of an Italian warehouseman, and had latterly resided in New man-street, Oxford-street, assuming, during his sojourn in England, the name of Leon D'Arnay. Some negotia tions at an arrangement had been made with his cre ditors without success, and in October last he was arrested on a judge's order as a person about to abscond from the country. He had been in the Queen's Prison, and on the present occasion, having appeared before the Court last February, came up for adjudication. He had been a bill discounter in Newman-street. Mr. Cresswell opposed for M. Jacquinot, a banker at Nevus, and three other creditors resident in France. Mr. Cooke, with whom was Mr. Woodruffe, were for the insolvent. _ _ _ The principal ground of opposition was the disposition of nearly 4,0001. of money in less than two years; and it was alleged that he had either concealed or made away with the same. He set forth that he had made certain payments, on his way to England, to some of his creditors, and had remitted other sums, respecting which some certificatepsrlorpeoresepdrtoedrirmicedo,fanarrd a e n vi g d e e m nc e e nt w l a y s ith given sp his c r r e ed e it e o t r in s. g h T is here were several sums detailed in the schedule as advances to persons in " discounts," and the question involved was, whether this Court could take cognizance of the disposition of property which belonged to the bankruptcy in France, and had been brought away from the creditors residing in that country. Mr . Commissioner PoLLocx, in pronouncing judgment, said, in this case, which was certainly one of no inconsider able importance, he had to administer the law respecting insolvent debtors on a person who was opposed by creditors whose debts were contracted in France. He laid down the principle that he had nothing to do with the insolvent's conduct in France, but he had a right to investigate the circumstances connected with the dispo sition of a large sum in this country, and respecting which his creditors now complained. The Learned Commissioner commented on the manner in which the insolvent had disposed of his money, which was a frau dulent disposition with regard to his creditors, and for which disposition he remanded him from his vesting order for a period of twelve calendar months. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. HOME ClRCUlT.—Hertford, March 1. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Baron ALDERSON.) Magaret M'Connell, 25, was indicted for feloniously uttering at the parish of Tring, a certain pass of a dis charged prisoner, or order for the payment of money with intent to defraud the guardians of the poor of that union, well knowing the same to be forged and counterfeit, and Constance Scott, 44, was charged with counselling and procuring the other prisoner to commit the felony. Mr. Thesiger, with whom was Mr. Ogle, conducted the prosecution on behalf of the Crown, and Mr. W. Payne and Mr. Charnock appeared for the prisoner. 4r. THESIGER addressed the jury, and from the statement of the Learned Counsel and the evidence ad duced to support it, it appeared that on the Ist of De cember the prisoner, M'Connell, went to the house of Mr. Blake, the relieving officer, at Tring, and presented a pass, which purported to be signed by two justices of the borough of Sandwich, and which represented that the prisoner, her husband, and eight children, had re ceived the pass in question on their discharge from gaol, and that they were on their way home, and were entitled to a sum of elevenpence a mile. Mr. Blake having some suspicion that all was not right, questioned the prisoner relative to her husband and the children, when she at first told him that he was very ill of fever, and that he had gone on the road in a waggon, but she afterwards said that he was drunk, and told many other contradictory statements, which eventually induced the relieving officer to have her taken into custody. The prisoner Scott was in company with McConnell in the town, and was seen to be watching outside the house when the pass was presented, and she was also taken into custody, and while being conveyed to gaol she told the constable that she knew the pass was forged, and that she was present when a man named Stewart, wrote it out in Buckeridge-street, St. Giles's, and that he had accompanied them to Tring, which was the first town where they presented it. There was very little doubt that the prisoners were part of the London gang of begging-letter impostors, and that but for their ingenious plan of fraud being nipped in the bud, they would have made a tour all through the country, plun dering every union as they passed along. Mr. PAYNE took some technical objections to the in dictment, contending that the document in question could not be viewed in the light of an order for the pay ment of money ; and. also, that it was not in the form prescribed by the Act of Parliament. Mr. Baron ALDERSON said the objections were worthy of consideration, but he should not take upon himself to stop the case. Mr. PAYNE then addressed the jury, and observed that he was instructed by the prisoner M'Connell, for whom he appeared, to state that she was quite innocent of any fraudulent intention, but, being in liquor, she was in duced by the other prisoner to present the pass. When she was taken into custody she was placed in a solitary cell for several days, and suffered a great deal from ill ness ; and when her sister went to see her, her head was so much swelled that she could not recognise her. all mannerto vubi jury, yh hoby yr forged, innocence,argu contradictorymwhe no ,hlett‘ heefhharanei Mr. Baron ALDERSON here interfered, and remarked I that this was really not matter of defence. What had a big head to do with the question whether the prisoner uttered the document, knowing it to be false and coun terfeit ? Counsel ought to exercise a little common se nse, and apply their address to the jury to the facts. Here was a woman, who presented a pass ad mittedtt stes n uioatfscuartui a q nai cayt u smhlee e ,anil s ar.ghh t ente i aaoenu o hrlnnmtkdadsoeesdeuudhdnge, turtle soup, rbh, ,wtoe o l, hauteau l o c ess-tt i it, and thus, instead of showing, or endeavouring to her t ai,sn gwb heell ad far me ha eete tdeu swelled. bnthedifesor, s c bih s vo h o eeou n o rr : c s t v i ,oi nattaenvhtireyt havingt ut should be acquitted. The Learned Counsel then made some further obser vatior. Baron ALDERSON nstothel h on behalfaving summed up o f his Mr. the case, the jury immediately returned a verdict of Guilty. Ilis LORDSHIP then said he entertained some doubt whether the indictment could stand ; and, in order to avoid the necessity of the prisoners remaining in gaol until the ncxtupAossn themizes the,7the sentence objections of t t w a o k en years should outd turn out to be valid, upon consideration by the judges, he would pass im prisonment and hard labour ; and if the decision should Lbe in their favour, they would then at once receive a pardon, and be set at liberty. William Budd, 39, and Richard Dennett, 21, two athletic fellows, described as boatmen, were indicted for a burglary, accompanied with violence, in the dwelling house of Elizabeth Field. Mr. RYLAND stated the case for the prosecution, and said that Elizabeth Field, the person named in the indict ment, lived with her niece in a lonely cottage in the neighbourhood of Hemel Hempstead, and on the night of the robbery they were observed by some men forcing their way into the bed-room occupied by Mrs. Yield, and they used considerable violence and took away the money that was in the house. Mrs. Field, upon the prisoners being taken into custody, w their r e copositivelymmittal, Mtroa: Field, thti who was but anelderly woman, had died, and, therefore, he should be com pelled to put in her deposition, and have it read, and under the circumstances it would be legal evidence. He should also show that the prisoners were in the neigh bourhood of Hemel Hempstead on the night of the robbery. Mr. Baron ALDERSON inquired of the Learned Coun sel if there was any evidence to confirm the deposition of the deceased person relative to the identity of the prisoners ? Mr. RYLAND said there was not. No persons were in the house but Mrs. Field and her niece, and the latter could not identify the prisoners. Mr. Baron .ALDEasoN expressed his opinion, that un der these circumstances the case ought not to be proceeded with. The deposition of the deceased person was un doubtedly legal evidence, but where it was entirely un corroborated, and where the question was one of identity, which was almost always one of difficulty, he did not think it would be safe to convict a party upon such tes timony ; for, although the witness might depose posi tively to the fact, it was very important that a prisoner should have an opportunity, by cross-examination, of testing his accuracy. The jury said they perfectly concurred in the obser vations that had fallen from the Court, and as there was no evidence to corroborate the deposition of the deceased, they should feel it their duty to return a verdict of Not guilty. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. (SATURDAY.) GUILDHALL. A careworn young man, of respectable appearance, solicited the assistance of the magistrate, under the fol lowing circumstances: He had brought upon himself the animosity of all the gamblers in the metropolis, bi publishing a short pamphlet, entitled the " Gamester s Warning." lie was lately attacked and assaulted on Waterloo-bridge by strangers, who were, no doubt, in stigated by the individuals he had given offence to. He had, since that, received an anonymous letter, which clearly must have emanated from some of the parties he had offended. It reminded him of the fate of Mr. Weare, who gave offence to Thurtell and his compa nions, and intimated that he was a marked man. Mr. Alderman IlucnEs asked if he had published his " Warning" upon his personal observance? The appli cant said he had. Ile had lost many thousands of pounds at play. The ALDERMAN asked if he had any means of tracing the anonymous later to any individual? The applicant (whose name did not transpire) said he had no proof, but he suspected a person. Mr. Alderman HUGHES said he could not assist him until he could, in some way, identify the writer. At the same time, he did not think that any real mischief was contemplated. He should recommend him to keep the letter, as it might turn out to be of importance if any attack should be made on him, /he information he I was in possession of was too vague to be acted upon at present. The applicant, who left a copy of his " Warning" with the Alderman, then retired. CITY POLICE COMMITTEE. Mr. Allison, jun., of the Black Boy and Camel public house and booking-office, in Leadenhall-street, City, was summoned before Sir J. Duke, M. P : the sitting Al __ derman, for allowing persons to meet in his house on Sunday morning last, before the hours allowed by Act of Parliament, and also for unlawfully serving beer and spirits, &c., to which he pleaded not guilty. Mr. Deputy Mitchell, of Lime-street Ward, attended for the purpose of describing the character of the house. From the evidence brought forward on the part of the prosecution, it appeared that on Sunday morning last, at about ten minutes to eleven o'clock, the police-con stable on duty in Leadenhall-street; in passing the de fendant's house, saw the door open, which induced him to go in, and in the parlour and tap he counted no fewer than nine persons, all males. Mr. Newman, the clerk, inquired what character of persons they were, and if they appeared to be travellers? Those in the tap-room were not drinking, but others, who were standing in part of the bar and in the parlour, were served with gin and ale. Ile had frequently be fore seen the door opened on a Sunday morning, but this was his first visit. The defendant, in answer to the charge, said the house being a booking-office for coaches to all parts of the me tropolis and adjacent country, he was compelled to open it on a Sunday morning, and had done so for a consider able period past. He did dot deny serving customers on list Sunday morning, but the circumstances were, hav ing to open the door to receive three parcels which had been brought by the carrier from the Great Western Railway, two gentlemen, who had come from Chelsea in an omnibus, and were going to Blackwall, asked him if they could be accommodated with some refreshment. Considering them travellers, he assented, and, while serving Shen], other omnibuses drew up to the door, and the conductors and driven; came in, whom he was serv ing also, when the police-constable made his appearance. lie assured the Alderman he would not have served any of them but for the impression he entertained that they were travellers. Mr. Deputy Mitchell said the house was the most re spectably conducted in his ward. Sir JAMES DUKE observed that in consequence of the good character of the house, he would not enforce a penalty, but directed the defendant to pay the amount of the summons' expenses. (A few weeks since a similar case was heard at this Court, wherein the Blue Posts booking-office in Hol born was concerned, and the magistrates dismissed it on the grounds that they considered « an omnibus conductor and driver, who had come with an omnibus from High gate before eleven o'clock in the morning, were, to all intents and purposes, travellers to the full extent of the wording of the Act.of Parliament.") BOW-STREET. Eliza Smith and Maria Acoch, keepers of two houses of ill-fame, Nos. 1 and 3, Strand-lane, were placed at the bar before Mr. Twyford, Wing brought up on bench warrants, for the purpose of entering into sureties to be of good behaviour until the next lvliddlesex Sessions, when they would be tried together with no less than 17 other females, keepers of infamous houses of a like de scription, of which the parishioners of St. Clement's Dan es residing in the neighbourhood had made great complaints as being public nuisances. Mr Corder, Clerk to the Board of Guardians of the Strand Union, attended to watch the cases, and to exa mine the persons who offered themselves as bail. The bail being respectable publicans, Mr. Corder said he was satisfied as to their solvency, and could see no objection to their being admitted as sureties. The females were then discharged. Mr. Corder informed the Magistrate that the guar dians of the poor, acting upon the representations of several respectable householders in the various locali ties, had determined to root out all the dens of iniquity in the several parishes belonging to the Strand Union, and that the females who had been brought before him on various occasions formed but a very small portion of the gang against whom the union intended to proceed. Mr. TWYFORD replied that he was very glad to hear this, as he was sure that the property in the neighbour hood of such houses must be much deteriorated in value, and he hoped the efforts of the guardians would be at tended with success. Mr. Corder then withdrew _ CLERKENWELL.' Alfred Beevis and James Beevis (brothers), and John Murray, ; were finally examined on a charge, of attempt ing to murder Mr. Neville, a boot and shoemaker of St. John-street, while they were endeavouring to steal the goods in his warehouse. The prosecutor, an elderly man, who appeared very ill, and had his head bound up, stated that between six and seven o'clock on the morning of the 7th of last month, he was awoke by his wife, who said that she fancied that there was a movement of chairs in his shop. He 'immediately left his bed and encountered in his warehouse three men, two of whom he could positively identify—they were Alfred Beevis and John Murray. He had a doubt about James Beevis. On seeing Alfred Beevis, whom he knew well, he said "For God's sake what do you do here?" Murray immediately struck him on his head with an instrument loaded with lead, until he fell from the loss of blood from the severe . wounds inflicted, after which the prisoners escaped. The prisoners were seen by a policeman running away from the complainant's house. 'An application was made that James Beevis might be admitted to bail, which Mr. Greenwood allowed, and two sureties in 100/. each were accepted. Alfred Beevis, in his defence, said as I was a party concerned, I must tell you that my brother had nothing to do with it. The prisoner Murray reserved his de fence. They were committed for trial. On Saturday Edward Thompson and William Green were finally examined on various charges of burglary and robbery in dwelling-houses. Mr. Wolff appeared for the prisoner Green. On Saturday, the 3d ult., police-constable Williams, 31 E, being on duty at King's-cross, between six and seven in the evening, saw the prisoner Thompson run ning out of the house, No. 2, Chesterfield -street, Gray's Inn-road, with a quantity of wearing apparel on his shoulders. The officer arrested him, and the property was found • to belong to the Rev. Mr. Barton, who re sided there. At the prisoner's residence, No. 3, Sea Lion-place, Lambeth, were found fifty-seven duplicates relating to various descriptions of valuable property, which had been pawned by both the prisoners. tinder a floor board in Thompson's sleeping apartment were found a crowbar, twenty .seven skeleton-keys, and thirteen picklocks. On the Friday night immediately preceding Thompson's arrest the house of Mr. Shirwall, a professor of music, residing in Stamfo-id-street;-Black friars, was entered in the night time, and a considerable amount of property abstracted, and amongst other things found in Sea Lion- place the writing-desk, dressing-case, and chimney ornaments were identified by Mr. Shirwall as his, property. The prisoner Green was in the em ployment of Mr. Evans, a boot and shoemaker, re siding in Paddington-street, Marylebone, but was discharged about a fortnight ago. On the night after his departure, the house of Mr. Evans was burglariously entered, and a very large quantity , of shoes and boots stolen. In a day or two after the bur glary Green was arrested in endeavouring to dispose of a portion of the plunder. In Green's residence at Drum mond-crescent, numerous duplicates were found, and most of them related to property which had been stolen from the house of Mrs. Rathbone, a lady residing in Swan-street, Stoke Newington, where a most daring robbery had been committed. In the middle of the open day two well-dressed men drove up in a. cab to the house, which was furnished but uninhabited, and stripped it of every valuable article it contained, beds and bed ding, chimney and toilet glasses, carpets, rugs, fenders, &c., to the value of 3201. Th e y f orce d open the street door by a crow-bar, and the bar found in Thompson's house exactly corresponds with the marks in Mrs. Rathbone's door ; they were seen going into the house by several, but as no one could imagine that at such a time and place they could be engaged in such a purpose, they were suffered to carry off their booty unmolested. Forty yards of the carpeting had been sold to a trades man by the prisoner Green, which Mrs. Rathbone iden tified. The looking-glasses and the other things were feusd in the shops of various pawnbrokers, who produced them in Court, and were likewise identified. Thompson, it was proved, had been convicted at the Surrey Sessions, under the name of Peter Munro, and sentenced to 12 months' imprisonment, which he underwent. The prisoners, who reserved their, defence, were fully committed for trial. UNION-HALL. A woman named Mary Carroll, the wife of a shoe maker in Birdcage-alley, in the Mint, was charged with the murder of Elizabeth Hobbs, the wife of an engineer, under the the following circumstances:— Police-sergeant Sturgeon stated that he was called in that morning to the house, No. 2, Birdcage-alley, kept by.the prisoner's husband • He (the sergeant) examined the body, and saw marks of violence - Visible on the de ceased's temple, and also on the sid e o f th e c h ee k , f rom which the blood was still oozing. He also perceived the room was in a state of great disorder, as if an affray had taken place. He produced a poker and a large fork, which he found on the floor of the-room. Having been informed that the prisoner and her husband were seen to have attacked the deceased, he took the former into cus tody, her husband having absconded. 65 M stated that he entered the house shortly after the murder, at which time the body of the deceased was warm, and it exhibited marks of violence, particularly about the head and face. The prisoner's husband had abscamded. Sarah Somers stated that she lived next door to the prisoner's house, in Birdcage-alley, and that between 10 and 11 o'clock that morning, she was alarmed by hearing cries of " Murder" proceed from there, that She went to see what was the matter, and on looking through. a crevice of the door, she heard the deceased and the prisoner'and her husband quarrelling. The de ceased charged prisoner's husband with keeping a pair of boots belonging to her, and after a good deal of quar relling, the witness said the prisoner and her husband both attached the deceased, whom they struck about the head, and she fell down. Heard the deceased exclaim, " Don't ,strike me with the poker, you transported The witness added that in about a quarter of an hour afterwards she went into the house, and found deceased was lying dead in the room. Another witness, named Grey, gave similar evidence as to havinc , heard cries of " murder" proceed from the prisoner's house at the time mentioned, and of his hav•! ing heard the words uttered by the deceased at the time of the affray, afterwards seeing the deceased lying dead, and the marks of violence on her person. In reply to Mr. COTTINGIIAM, the police -sergeant said that a meeical man had seen the deceased, and pro nounced that the marks of violence apparent on the de ceased were inflicted with a blunt instrument, but, with out a post mortem examination, the precise cause of her death could not be ascertained. The deceased's husband, --- anengitleer, stated that he and his wife lodged in the prisoner's house for the last two months, and that she was a sober woman. That he was not aware of any cause for quarrelling between his wife and the prisoner. That he left home at six o' c l oc k that morning to go to his work, and when he returned he found his wife dead in the room, and the marks of violence about her head. He added that his wife was quite a young woman, that he never knew her to have a day's illness, and that she was in perfect health when he left her that morning to go to his work. Another witness stated that she saw the deceased before the affray which led to her death, and she then appeared to be labouring under the effects of liquor. The deceased's husband said that he had never seen her the worse for liquor. The prisoner expressed a wish to describe the par ticulars of the case, and what led to the deceased's death —that she had a heavy fall down stairs. Mr. COTTINGHAM said that it was a most serious charge; that at the present stage of the inquiry he would recommend -the prisoner to be silent until her husband was in custody; that a full.investigation would take place; and that for that purpose he should remand her until next Wednesday. The Magistrate gave direc tions that no time should be lost in apprehending the prisoner's husband. ALLOWANCES AND FEES AT THE CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. The following regulations as to the rate of allowances to prosecutors and witnesses and fees to counsel, at the Central Criminal Court, come into operation this day:- 1. All prosecutors and witnesses for the prosecution, attending the Court under recognizance or suhpcena, in cases of felony, or such cases of misdemeanour as are by law liable to be paid by ,the county, are to be allowed 3s. 6d. per day, and no more, except those hereafter mentioned. 2. All prosecutors and witnesses whose usual place of abode is distant more than five miles from the Court, are to be allowed 3d. per mile eaeh way, for travelling expenses, in going to and returning from the'Court, and the like sum of 3s. 6d. per day ; but the city-of London 2s. 6d. • •3. All prosecutors and witnesses whose usual place of abode is distant more than five miles from the Court, who are necessarily detained in London snore than one day, are to be allowed the further sum of ls. 6d., and no more, for each night they may necessarily be detained in London. 4. Medical men, bourut ,by recognizance or subpoenaed, and attending professionally, are to be allowed one guinea per day, and no more. - 5. All prosecutors and witnesses who receive wages or salaries, are to be allowed not more than Is. per day , for their attendance at the Court; and before the com mitting magistrate. 6. All children under fourteen years of age are to be allowed one-half of the above sums for their attendance. 7. No prosecutor or witness is to be allowed for his attendance before the committing magistrate, unless he shall receive a certificate from such magistrate, in which case the amount shall be ascertained by the certificate of the magistrate. 8. No witness is to be allowed his expenses upon more than one prosecution in any one day, although he may be a witness upon several, unless for his attendance before the committing magistrate, and for which he may have received a certificate. 9. One counsel and brief only are to be allowed on each prosecution, unless specially ordered by the Court. 10. The fee for counsel is to vary from one to two guineas, and in no case to exceed the latter sum, unless under the special order of the Court. 11. The fee to be allowed to counsel never to exceed five guineas (however special the case), together with an allowance for consultation not exceeding two guineas, in such cases as the Court may consider a consultation necessary. 12. The allowance to the attorney for the prosecution for brief and attendances not to exceed one guinea, un• less specially ordered by the Court, and such allowance only to be paid to the attorney himself, unless the Court, under the special circumstances of the case, shall other wise order and direct. 13. The fees for counsel and brief not to be allowed in any case when the prisoner has confessed the offence alleged against him before the committing magistrate, unless specially ordered by the Court. 14. The above scale is to be strictly acted upon, unless the Court shall, from the special circumstances of the case, direct any further or other allowance. BANK OF ENGLAND. The following is the Bank of England return, for the quarter, the 24th ult., with the result . Circulation Now £20,414,000 Last time 803,000 Deposits Now Last time Increase.. Increase 752,000 Securities Now 22,482,000 Last time 21,937,000 Increase 545,000 Bullion Now 14,993,000 Last time 13,933,000 Increase 1,060,600 Rest Now Last time 3,087,000 Increase.. £50,000 CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL PROTECTION SOCIETY.- At the late meeting of this Society, at the Freemasons' Tavern, the following, we understand, were among the reso lutions agreed to ; but somehow or other they did not appear in the papers :—Resolved, That the rook, by destroying that unprofitable consumer of grain, the grub, is scarcely less than the. Dukes of Richmond and Buckingham entitled to the appellation of the farmers' friend, and therefore ought decidedly to be encouraged. That rook-shooting and the eating of rook pies are altogether incompatible with the en couragement of the rook, and that accordingly the amuse ment ought to be discountenanced, and the dish renounced, by all members of society. That rookeries are an invaluable blessing, as well to the farmer and agricultural labourer as to the landowner, and that all existing rookeries ought to be maintained in the full enjoyment of their rights and , privi leges ; this resolution, however, not to extend to the rookery in St. Giles's. That this Society views with great alarm the ravages annually committed by the sparrows in harvest time, and recommends that prompt measures be taken by all persons interested in agriculture for the suppression of spar rows. That with this view the boys in the several parishes be encouraged to take and destroy as many sparrows' nests, with their eggs and young, as possible, and that at all future dinners of the Society and of its branches one or more large sparrow-puddings be placed upon the table. That natural history teaches that butterflies lay eggs, which, when hatched, become grubs. Thal butterfly hunting, besides being a salutary and wholesome exercise to youth, is con ducive to the extirpation of grubs, and be promoted accord ingly; and that, to ensure its promotion, a Committee with reference thereto be forthwith appointed by the Society. That although 7s. or Ss. a week is a very liberal allowance for a labourer with a wife and family, and quite enough to enable him and them to live in clover on the same ; and, although a comfortable asylum in sickness, want of employ ment or old age has been provided for him in the unions workhouse ; yet, as mistaken notions on these points unhap pily prevail among the agricultural population, which mis taken notions there is some reason to suspect have occa sionally led to the burning of wheat-ricks, it is expedient that an advance of three farthings weekly be made on the Wages of such labourer. That landlords and farmers are ill used and unprotected, and are the most patriotic and disin terested classes of the community. That the manufacturing interest enjoys exclusive and unjust privileges, and that the corn-law abolitionists are narrow-minded, selfish, and design ing individuals. That these resolutions be printed in Punch. —Punch. THE ANCIENT ROMAN WALL —While making , excavations for a sewer in Duke-street, Houndsditch, a few days ago, the workmen discovered the foundation of the ancient Roman wall, which, it was known, near this spot took its course from the Minories to London-wall. It was ' found at about eight feet from the surface, and was between ' four and five feet in width. Many of the houses in Bevis ' marks, which is adjoining Duke-street, are built upon this wall. It was observed that outside the wall, and which abuts upon Houndsditch, there was a depth of made earth of about fourteen or fifteen feet, showing that the spot had been filled , up at some early period, while within the wall the native earth was at a depth of between two and three feet, below which is a bed of sand. At the depth where it is necessary to build the sewer water is abundant, and the men are now employed in pumping it up. CHANGE IN THE IRISH MAILS.—The Dublin Mer cantile Advertiser states that the Post-office authorities arc about adopting new regulations in reference to the commu nication between England-and Ireland. - The Holyhead mail packet, which leaves Kingstown at nine o'clock A.M., is to be discontinued. Indeed, it had become almost wholly useless, as the London correspondence was sent via Liverpool. There are to be still two mails daily from Kingstown to Liverpool —one at six o'clock A.M., the other at half-past six o'clock P.M. The night mail at half-past nine o'clock is to be discon tinued. The early mail from Kingstown at six o'clock is to take the Irish provincial mails for England, which are to ar rive in the Dublin Post-office at four o'clock A.m., to afford time for sorting and dispatch. The inland mails are to leave the Post-office at eight o'clock, r. m., an hour earlier than at present. The evening mail from Kingstown to Liverpool is to convey the Irish provincial correspondence to all parts of England, and such letters and papers as may be posted after the departure of the evening mail, The bulk of the Dublin correspondence, however, will *go by the latter mail, which, leaving Kingstown at half-past six o'clock, P. M., could take the mails brought up by the Cork mid-day mail, which is now due at the Post-office at half-past three o'clock, P. am., and probably the Belfast day mail. Any change must be an improvement on the present system, which is defective in all respects, but more especially as regards the transit of letters to England. The new regulations, if adopted at all, will come into operation on the sth of April next. ST. ANDREW'S.---STONE COFFINS FOUND.—As the workmen employed in clearing out the foundations of the old wall between the pends and the harbour were proceeding with their operations, they discovered two stone coffins, com pletely filled with human bones, in a high state of preserva- . tion. The coffins appear to have been placed close to the foundation of the wall, which is of a very ancient date; they are of a very rude structure, and are about five feet below ground. The workmen expect to discover more as they proceed, which is not improbable. The spot is not far distant from the ancient college and chapel of St. Leonard's. AMERICAN DOMESTIC INTELLIGENCE.--MP. Shep pard, late of England, committed suicide at Saco, Maine, a few days ago. Mrs. Loring French also committed suicide at . the same place, on the same day. Mr. Edward O'Connor, late of Ireland, Counsellor-at-Law, destroyed himself at Boston, on Monday night. - M. Messmer, player on the cornet-h-piston, from France, was assassinated at Mobile, on the Ist instant, but is expected to recover from his wounds. Judge Turley, of Nashville, has been caned by Major Turner, for offering an insult to a lady; and Mr. 3laxsev, Mayor of Nashville, has been caned by Mr. Payne. Mr. Richard Polhemus was murdered near Freehold, New Jersey, on Friday, and a neighbour of the deceased; Mr. W. Reed, has been arrested on suspicion. Mr. Leech, believed to be from England, was killed in a quarrel with Messrs. Lawson and 11PLeod, at New Orleans, on the 23d ult. At Caddo, Texas, on the 10th ult., Judge Hansford was barbarously murdered .by Mr. Moseley and his son-hi-law, beeause his indiCblYieiT of a lawait wati adYerge to their interests. THE NEW ROYAL EXCH- 4 - I° vek A very splendid e n t er t a i nmen t was given cool' nesday last at Mercers' H a ll, by the Mercer . iat io pany, to the Gresha m C omm itt ee , in eongr at t, tt? of the approachi ng p er i o d t o their labours completion of the noble civic edifice which isf, opened in the course of the next three months, Watney, the Master of the Mercers' compa* the chair. her!' Amongst the company were Alderman IlunlP q te. Sir Chapman Marshall, Mr. Richard Lambert Pio the Chairman of the Gresham Committee., lr' the architect of the New Royal Exeh 6u r, Palmer, Mr. Westmacott, the sculptor, &C., c` c ' oe oi In the course of the evening, which elegant conviviality, t Mr. TITE menti o n e d th a t h e f e lt the highe s "' eo r flcation in stating th a t th e wor k s would h e Ili pletely finished within the 'specified time• expressed his gratitude to those who had the for the great liberality they had exercised in gp additional beauty to his portico, by emploSi u g e Westmacott to make the ornamental seuiPt ur e j the pediment—a task which had been Pert l lo that gentleman with remarkable genius, 3 , 1/ ",i' c lg those who had seen it as evidence of the hig h e r 0' sical taste. He trusted that the building, "'" 1 " p so near completion, would fully answer all th e pit! poses for which it was raised, and that the Pr°4;adi of the great city fur which such exertions We'l e er eo and such an expenditure was incurred, in proportion to the magnificent improverueuts so rapidly advancing. 1 . 4 Mr. WESTMACOTT, in returning thanks ~v o : manner in which he was received by the el,. 0 1 said helelt much pride in informing then' sculpitire' of the pediment had been seen by l e t, i th6lhigbest personages in the realm, and that ou beenrhonoured by their approbation of the d i n en and the mode in which that thought had bee strt' cu'ted. Prince Albert had come upon him Ittie.P w ould 10 no , while lie was at work in his apron, and ernr.',..cb pointed out the figures and decorations 3 0 ' 4 Royal Highness considered to deserve rt re j cial notice. The Duke of Cambridge '"„tio honoured him with a visit, and added to the ter tion which he felt by an approval, expressed in t s o" which nobody could mistake ; and the gren te t in England, the Duke of Wellington, did hold his tribute of unaffected congra t i Mr. Westmacotes speech, which aboun ded allusions to classical representations of nat ure ' received with very great applause. occyio>ll,pl Mt. RICHARD LAMBERT JONES took congratulate the City of London upon manner in which the Royal Exchange had a rl : fst i, of its ashes to claim comparison with the Inc's"the po buildings of the metropolis. In a few . dar desk sightly obstruction which the public bad so Jong Or to see levelled with the ground would *holly; pear, and the figure of the hero of a hun dr , e , e ° ', would appear before the edifice, which might s at' sidered as a type of the commercial greatnesot butable, in no small degree, to his military' 5 . 1 '00 wisdom. He rejoiced at the spirit of a rchi d ad d improvement which pervaded the nation, li n v idec t. to the health of the community,_ as well as e our remarkable advance in the arts of peae e ;h a the ape `o ' The various toasts were drank amidst r ats rapturous acclamations, and the company of a late hour, much delighted with the wi' e entertainment. HAMBURGH MAIL. of HAMBURGII, FEB. 27.—The London wai l ° I . , .0 04 ) 1 of February, the Stockholm mail of the 2 0 ,, t ;'bei ) , 4 + Copenhagen mail of the 24th, had not arrived Borsenhalle went to press. There is, there fore ' be of the health of the King of Sweden later tbao tlis% ST. PETERSBIJR6H, FEB. 13.—1 t is well Rugsian man-of-war sails every summer roundipc the !i4 pian sea to protect our fishermen against th e th i s 5e dp v predatory tribes on its coasts. Last summer „," occ, - was performed by Lieut. Tarrason, who kePtl,icli journal of his °lase' vations in that sea, from ' c 00 9'0 pears that in the northern part of it the teal to accumulate in some places more, and som e ip whole, however, this accumulation of sand is ce so.,o great, that a chart of the Caspian made a few 1 0 01 1 ",1 1 proves to be now quite incorrect. Some of the lil t 5 0;) by which the Volga discharges itself into O il , 0 0 4 quite dry in consequence of the quantity °. sand by which they are choked up. , ‘ „ t HANOVER, FEB. 21.—The on e , length broken its silence respecting the.to the Customs' Union. A pamphlet ba, s v erof 9 t . th irsted and copies sent to foreign u ° ,., 0 ritt and also given to some official Pert"' iros s ,d, evident from the title, that it proceew b o s r4 l o Government, and the author is supposed to, 0 40 1 ' man high in office, who has always been W s ref by his moderation. h HANOVER, FEB. 22.—The pamphlet, -01 2g,he g ejl o t) copies have yet been given to the public, is subject of conversation ; and we hear e very 01 11, 1 0 of its praise, The effect produced by 0111,10 i of doubtedly be still greater when it is to be ° fo g " the public in general, which it will be in a ft ',os,`tht and it is to be publi s h e d by H a l m and Co. iG foreseen, that the Government, which i n '" pamp'hlet merely for Governments in 0 11 %J, would be induced to give it the public in get io ef•• HAMBURGH BORSENHALLE, Flak SO P 4 /I Austrian 5 per-Cents. .....«. «.«.».»..»«.».••» A 0000000 ••••••••••••••••• 1 0 1 1, Bank Shares Anglo-Russian Loan o ... . ..... Russian 5 Der Cent., Ist Inscription, Ist series .......... . ..... .. . „ .•• 9 9 P Russian 5 per Cent. Hope and Ce.,3dand 4th Serie. gIM Ditto in Certificates New 4 per Cent. (1840) ... 54k Dutch Actual Debt, 2% per Cent . .» . .... „.••• _ Ditto s'per Cent. Polish New• Tickets.. . ... Anglo-Danish - Lean, .3 per Ca . :: .... 17 Spanish, New 5 per Cents.... ..... ..... •••• ri e i , SPORTING INTELLIG 0' i;''''' s 1 11 iiis d LIVERPOOL COURSING MEETING -- A . 6peritO Second Ties for the Cup.—H os t e ss beat AjO ' e t ; beat Knocknawling ; Dresimaker beat Strealn 1, beat Third Ti Exquisite. (drol fit); /4 1 ' es.—Speculation beat Hostess , maker beat Titania. Deciding Course.—Mr. slater., specu latio n , f el' 4C J O Clark's Dressmaker, and won the Cup. i bea t io ,fe First Ties for the Waterloo Puree.--Bug-e,u3; Tramp beat Kate ; Croftons beat Billy - 0 -11- v fi4 l beat Barone-SS. t Cl ° 0 2 ' Third Ties.—Tramp beat Bugle; Rowena ben. / 0 3 Deciding Course.—Mr. Eden's Rowena be at d o t f Or° If g Tramp, and won the Purse. h ;t(11 , AP The Altar Stakes, for the dogs beaten in —6 13 , '"&" • of Cup Courses.—Birdlime beat Mungo raricS ; lo g c s ol ° ' Roe ; Sparks of Fire, a bye ; Hector beat x a De ,at e i Mounseer, a bye ; Cantrip beat Garland ; Wi a g WIV Brocade beat Danger. First Ties.—Briton beat Birdlime; Hector b e i g ig t er. ti f ii, Fire; Cantrip beat Mounseer; Brocade beat ~,,,a , „ - t 15, Second Ties.—Briton beat Hector ; Cantrip ` l i a t t ( Deciding Course.—Dr. Brown's Cantrip , 1 3 , ~0 o I,' Barker's Hector, and won the Stakes. d u g s) ol;ao)Att° WINMARLEIGII MEETING.—The Cup (6 (6..L'11i , " Mr. Christian's Cerberus ; the Patten Stokl„ bi - ,+ Mr. Hinde's Lapwing; and the Sapling Stais — 6 ` i o f 1 kinson's Amy. 1 , 0 0 NANTWICII, FEB. 26.—The NelltWiCh St a 7, SCA' tit , were won by Mr. Edleton's Envelope; and Ow bi ri p of 81., by Mr. Scott's Sam. re j ig 0 5 Boxnu.r,, FEB. 28.—The Boxhill Stakes wZ ijce ,,4, 10 0 Bothwell's Van Amburgh ; the Deepden ° b 10 Chitty's Colwiek ; and the Brockham Stakes , Y liP• 410 .4 - • till' o'l'd LONGEVITL—There are now living "lido 4 7," three sisters, in good health, all of whom a" e ars• a united ages mount to two hundred and fifty ) . Chronicle. 1 ,100 t1 -t-LP if On the 24th Percy Douglas, ,aastonF. B a i n it , T h i e lS la . dy 0 ;, of ( 1 ) 1. 1 , 1 . the 25th ult., at Gwm Avon, Glamorgansh alliam Gilbertson, E s s4 ,on of a daughtfe ielltenliftti: On the 29th ult., in Torrington-square, Lon tl°''' • 4, 0 William Rose, Esq., of vaOtinx,tlolfet2w7it.nhsu, sons. s a . t Prince's-place, Kenningw-"b-ncr°6-' 1 0 ' Teevan, of a son. r'n the 27th ult., in the Close, Winchester, ta t ' (03:1Tra O s. u dEia t i.u h eDg e nhi: 28 trebr t py h . ult., o a f t a l s V o e n s . t on-super-Mare, 5°fi1e.4.;10,". On the 28th ult. at Avely, Essex, 310. - On the 29th nit., in Queen-square, Westmi nster' the Esq., of a daughter. - ---=-------------- Ce,llsl; Thistlethwa, .vt e , E s q ., ~,doile l liow On the 26th ult., at Southwick, Colonel t.),--, o f , 0 the 27th ult., atoMARRIED. mandant, Isle of Wight, to Elizabeth, &ugh"' .., Sarah, second daughter of the late 31r. Little p ~01 . Abbey cla9 st ° ;t 1111 ; ._ On the 28th ult., at Morton Church, Marcus fb, to ii o ifySiomubtliieldviocit-p3alf;,,ggr\iroiftliTert' o 0 Bourne, Marcus Lincolnshire, Z Esq. B 11 ' nover, Ar 11131 ; 0e ' i , of a 1.1 .., eldest daughter Of William Parker, of Ilanthol'e ..AP 0 0 '0 On the 28th ult., at St. Pancras New Cllo ° ' SI 11111 .1 1 ; e44' Walker,* Esq., of Doncaster, Yorkshire, to Mgoolte daughter of James Greenhalgh, Esq., 19 f %." Fitzroy-square. 01:111 0:4 6,7,: 11.; so d, l' o lo% - - • DIED. the 23d ult., at the Vicarage House, Co rn Oa t ' fr William Oxenhain;Prelriendary of Eset o r .0 1:, ' 1•M:4114- 25th. ult.. at the Abbey C o ttage , _, ll9 , o 3 lici t 'fo . l o f. Cruse, youngest daughter of Mr. C. ouplanu, , 3 1r. d .y H • tilt., at a - , •On t e'27th t -road, . IC V , Ti s S 3" utchinson, of her Mljesty' C stow S 3 : co O n :lie thethe 8 F 2 c1 8 9 . t t l a i h g u e ln tilt., . 3 t , 'B . ,'‘V: at H. 1 i ° G r ; h - d:e n , •On the 28th ult a ' t N s ud S'l.;rrey, 111°- ,le. Alp rielli,s,j'it, It $ pa r Esq., a g e d 77. -k 311..- i'• On the 29th tilt., at Park-road, Regent's-Pgr ' ' e r e 13° 0731 8 ;e a 2 g 9 e t} i t 5 t 3 ic., at Highgate,r;:sgarlini'rbl,ll.ll:3:viifilded":ll:llc-lle On the Ist inst., E. Covet, lay Citrate of that parish. , „dish -5 ii) . On the Istittst . ., in Margaret - ~ win, oi q a s z. re p'i ti ; Margaret-street, uae" Liget? o. key. James Stovin Lister . Vicar of Ludmob% :30, relict of the late Hean in : B : iii)•ii'eodflgdrsrt,r}eet,:l3. 1313:kirel5,:sitr:::::: On the 26th ult On the 24th 401' Seamer, ' ult., Anne, the only jail of Milk-street, Cheapside, aged 1 9. e Ge. - o f On the 25th ult., at Guildford, James Gres iO O fant son of the Hon. Peter M‘Gill, of goitres • act g . ' , i the late C. Blinke " E • f he 'a.ro-on, pia,-- vast On the 27th _s, 5q.,.0 t . Pao__.__ „_„., o f ult., Benjanun 3,1111 b, r'''s East, Regent's-park. giiter of •. r London: Printed and Published ty No 112, Strand, at The Sun-Offic, . - ch 1160' County of Maws, Monday, DSO ~) N ~Ttio I r, ` le folio', 14, Pet' du rin iti o4 i 'o '''llti t 4 ri,', 4tt „, 'PY b Y h. 'fit has he