The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-13 00:00:00

ig es lgst ,N 'Or( 14 L y 7,e li d eek • the' ring:) ught' ; aP' not , w ore I of s iyins a t tb e t his' , ft be' 3ritish nest Its t Alit° i-Car" ds le ' e 364 iltoir „otes s talte ° go t r hos °' l Lllueot wreeco v rs6 P r 'e nd the on t he ng re" to th e ,e, tha t i n ter' i time► wonot India n n quiry , annn ll t, and, is dv" l . and len o i. ? .Alarc 1' n, V :°. 4eitteo tli Y ..) 5101 ;e s ha he best drag' the de. ;t oth e f ag, Ow f meat• e rstes• I, 15 t ° 3s 3dl ets, 6° . E e ls, dozen 105 t° V et the ;id 10 ° Per )TS.na 05s 26' sui o' woollea to 3 1; , 126 t, 80th 1165 ° 4001 0 3 155; 115 s ". CI 11 85 0 0 1 . g! ) u 1 prices, ; 211 85; 1135 tO 0 1 1 75, goo6' ti• his a s Y e ado nc . , § t w ed' n WV! m a lt 0 Ugh el. 3 s o i, 53 10 53 54 52 4 7 A 5 51 '52 47 53 51 0 47 54 50 ....- . inige rm.o, 1 3:- 0 31 2s 49 Load' t,c.d r Las t* • Envi r 3f gon t ni l oreg— MONEY AND COMIVIERCIAL NE %YS CIT, QUARTE TO TII PEE. The sal es of Cotton a t Li ve yesterday were 81,00 bales, the market b:iing quieter, but steady. There was some im provement :n Share—Grand Junction were 233; doto Halves, 116 ; Birm'n4ham, Quarter, 2ta x ,i, ; Brighton, 43 ; Manches ter and Leeds, 100; South Eastern, 3 ; ditto New, 36k; Paris and Orleans, 32k; Paris and Lyons, 2/. 1 7s. 6d. The only arrivals to-day are from Van Diemen's Land, from lwhence we have ;accounts to the 12th of September ast. W e can h ardly believe the representation made in some the advices that have reached us to-day, that a slight had been offered to the newly arrived Governor, Sir Eirdley 'Wilmot, by Sir John Franklin ; but so is it stated, and we cannot refrain fr tm mentioning the assertion. A de parture from the ordinary r ules of courtesy, how ever slight or unintended, once imagined, trifling cir cumstances are readily advanced to support an idea that an affront was intended. It is in this light that we would throw overboard the statement that Lady Franklin had gone on a pleasure water trip, in the only available vessel at command, when the New Governor was in the offing. The toted bushranger, Cash, had been captu;ed, and no ques tion his fate would soon be sealed. This villain was the leader of a band in the bush that have committed the Most ho rr ibl e atrocities, and the capture of the rest of gang was looked forward to as a certainty. They will meet with no sympathy at the hands of the colonists. The present advice; do not notice any alteration for the better in trade or commerce in the colony. There are no accounts to -day from Sydney. The f o ll owing letters (copied from the Chronicle), which have passed between the firm of Salomon and Co , of Panama, 141 AI. 3losq uera, t h e Minister for New Grenada in this Z ue trY, show th at t h e exclusive privileges for opening a corn unication between the two oceans across the Isthmus of Pa nama, granted to the Company of which the above firm was the t:nieftitiPnda!errtsy h e t t u a r l .e concerned e r rned, are sal/ acknowledged by that Republi c , have been made by them for the execution of " Paris, Nov. 24, 1843. 43 , ustacl" Sir,--A letter from L on d on i n f orms me t h at many nues are thrown in the way of my agents there, in con c?ence of false statements circulated in the City concerning :' privilege granted by the Republic of New Grenada to the • n 'PanY in which My house at Panama is principally Interested. As it is of great importance to an undertaking of such ,‘tagnitude, and of such general interest, that tho public should su!!•cquainted with the real state of the question concerning the P r ivilerte I take the liberty of applying to you, as the re- Pregenttivesof the Republic in England, to enable me to con allude in tradi et the most explicit terms the statements to which I to (lit "uw ere to tak e th e t rou bl e o f g i v i ng a pos i t i ve answer dr,r,„rpo'sef"llowitig questions, it would, I think, fully serve my `` I. Has the Republic of New G rena d a gran t e d t o any ot h er . 1 . ° i rev,,.,,, P,any than the one in which I am i n t ereste d , an exclusive l ero tt s ,e for opening a communication between the two oceans, , Isthmus of P anama , or any other part of New s;:"?- • 55 any party, excepting those named in the decree or t the,fr the privileg,;, , receiredany power from the Republic 3 ": } i' company for the same purpose? aanctio as the Congress of New Grenada passed any decree, or fled, resolations to deprive us of the privilege so granted lias it Come to your knowledge that we have caused vie, ' v eYs to be ~ nade across the Isthmus of Panama, with the of ascertaining the most eligible line to be adopted, either for e gnawtailig a. ship canal, or making a road ? r.eg toy apologise for troubling you to give me written s4ith 3to the above questions ; but ; as the subject is one of egene.ent ral importance, it will, I trust, be considered by you as a excuse.—l have the honour to be, &c., " T. Nxonsieur Mosquera, Charge ;AAffaijirGes. foSrAtLO3ONub. of New Grenada to England, now in Parhise Rleplie ." " Paris, Nov. 27, 1843. to 81 r,---In reply to your letter of the 24th inst., asking me to i g"le an answer to the several questions contained therein, '. beg to say, in reference to the first question, that since Zthe date of the privilege granted to the Franco-Grenadian - 'ntnnany, no ot h er privilege has, to this day, been given II the Government of New Grenada for the purpose of openi ng a communicati , a n between the two oceans, across the as'unius '"aPublie of Pan ama, or any other part of the t err it ory o f t h e " Your state abovesecond c 1 ' 4 estion is virtually ann ounce d b y w h at is d . . As t o )our t',,ird question, I can only say that I have re ceived neither •Jeficial nor private information that the above privilege has ',wen declared lorfeited. " And as to the last question, it is acknowledged that the s a i d Compary hate caused surveys to be made, for the execu ion of the work they have undertaken. " 1 autiaorise you to make whatever use you think proper of this lett er.—l have the honour to be, &c• 4 . 4 To M o 31, M. SIOSQUERA. M. Augustin Salomo, ef Panama, in Paris." The public securities have n remained this morning at about the same rates as they left off yesterday. The business done 'was small, and the brokers for the Sinking Fund Commissioners lid not make any additional purchases. Consols for Money 2 h ave been q uo t e d at 964 4, and the same for the Account. a nk Stock is up t o 187, I n di a Stock for the Account to 73 i, but Exchequer Bills are heavy at 655. premium. iO A fall h as ta k en place in Belgian Bonds this morning from Yest 4 to 103 4. Dutch Bond s r e main muc h a b out the same as to3oerday. Spanish Sto c k h as i mprove d , t h e Three per Cents. ..,Tli I and the Five per Cents. for Account to 224. Mexi- Bonds were a shad e l ower t h an yesterday. In the other tto.deaf,.o Sto%iks there has not been any material alteration ph i l „ n . t he 7tlailway Share Market not much alteration has taken falle n t O- day, if we except Bristol and Exeter, which have only hal, 'el'he other Shares are steady, fractional alterations 13,. occurred. 41 1 ISH FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK, (From the Official List.) - Bank S tock 1864 187 3 per Cent. Reduced Annuities 9744 3 per C ent. C onsols. Annuities 96 4 34 per Cent. Reduced Annuities New 34 per Ce n t. A nnu i t i es c L ong Annuities, Expire sth Jan. 1860 onsols far Op en i ng 2734 In dia Stock f or O pen i ng 1000 L . ......... Ditto Small 5001. .• ... 67 It iIIEIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Belgian Bonds, 5 per Cent ..:104 1034 Columbian Bonds Mexican tionds, 1837, 5 per Cent... ... spanish Bonds, Five per Cent. Ditto for the Account 6 ,2i „, Ditto Deferred. 1 - I kto Three per Cent. Ditto for the Account 3oi Dutch 24 per Cent •... . 5.1 Dutch 5 per Cent. P RICES OF , SHARES THIS DAV AT ONE. I . s K A ILWAYS . Paid. Per Share. k i t . NI and Exete r 7O .... 644 t o 654 44 gern Counties f ='ev. ar gh and Glasgow .. .. 50 -at w e , bitt " r n Ite r ,en and Brighton •sad t ''' and South Western .. 41% ... .74 4 14 10.. n• and Croydon ( Trunk). 134 154...... to sJ,,,tiln.ester and Birmingham 40 l' a , is . 4 0, a nd, Eastern iskri -4,L Orleans 2O - k llt. ' atld Pr , 321 to yobrkitt, Vvieprin..!nd Dover • 5O 25 Dittalll Nr,rt h ..ll lidlan . d . . scarboro' Branch ...... .. 24 lB Nap a re -qp,.,,,, 0. STOCK BANKS. g't;:. vinci alofEngland... 35 ''thr ee RICE OF IRISH STOCKS, JAN. 11, Dit t :',;l a Half St oc k , lOl i 7 3i Per Cent . Debentures 934 4 4 Per c l - : nal Deb s . 6 per Cent ............864 A t c:nritt. B allast Office Deb en t ures new Pipe Water Debs 984 LAST PRICE OF SHARES. :b4Liin RAILWAYS. Paid. Per Share. br oß heda an d K. Ro a d ..................... 100 ......118 hib ................ .. 50 Coit:rn_ia Bank ...... ......................-........ 25 ttifinit Dublin Steam Company ...... 100 (;o u s n and Irish Steam Company ... 50 Ani tt it St; ttit,' , da ru OF EXCHANGE. —(YESTERDAY.) tt, t ' t at sight' CF. 12 7 Gibraltar 4_, er(1,41:, ......... 12 .5 Leghorn ~i ti_utvre,... ..... •••2 IJ. 12 74 Genoa , . . 1, ....... Aitttebozcil .......... 12 7 Milan )1 a nt ''' • ..... M.B. 13 15 Venice 47 0, a .......... 7 cia ,, , , . ........ 14 0 Naples ... ..... 394 )oelii ''', $ t ,' a 'ght ••• 25 75 Palermo, per oz .......... 114 ~ ili es c)ntha ......... 25 95 I isbon ...... .. . ........... 524 P t lel lir ..... ••• •26 5 Oporto . ... 524 L salk, ............. 9 6 5 IRio Jan . e . u ... 0 .. ..................... 23 '"-nt'teti,,•-b;lttrpnhn Maine ... .. 1-22 'Bahia Vi 4 1.. °, 3 Us.. ... 364 !Buenos Ayres ...... I,ll.,niet,'*e'it.;•••••• ...... 7 (New York, 21 days sight 464 ty ne, i c• 11. 3 51. 959 Philadelphia 46' isi ditto ........ ...,, ~, „. - 1 , 1 ll PRICES OF BULLION, PKB, VT ll; q t , :t ..,...' .............. 36 4 Foreign Gold, bars .£3 17 9 c11e„..'.• ............... 364 Portugal Gold Coin.. 317 5 i ,s e le ak •. .. .......... ... 36 New Doubloons .....0 0 0 . I .' .. ............... 36 New Dollars... .......... 494 I t e .. .....„ 3ii Silver in liars... ..... 0 4 114 4 40 ' 1 -Its.,, , Lill 01 41 .tat STOCK EXCHANGE, JAN. 12.—There li tl b l ';try &°.t notice in our market to-day ; business is N 4 1 ,'1 anal t _ e d% The following are our quotations : t, t gest,. ~,,neda, 54'; Lancaster and Preston, 36f ; , (44-Land 13irminham, 37 ; Manchester and asters, 8 to 8.1 ; Bolton and Preston, 25 : f to 25 -„,-----____ - '-- , 2- 7 , ttt ki k,..y -IL EDITOR OF THE SUN. ttioc t of eor ani madversions of this evening's date on the 41 re ee e t the Com mon-Sergeant of the City of London, in 14 Q t t ee to be 0 a recent case at the Central Criminal Court, appear ,k;ttkiol, wil lt . so severe a nature that I am sure in common jus iltb id to insert this explanation. If any blame is to be AtqL 4 t ek,e the ' ature of the question left to the jury to decide 1i,,,44;%,d .that blame is attributable to the subtle distinction li►i a fr ) , a () the law. The law is that " if A. bona fide hire a tri r ,N, P, artit'ular purpose and after that purpose is accona kt^iLtial - i I ' tkle horse, 1t is no larceny ; for unless he had an h,, t e g of tekentous intention the subsequent witholding or dis t It. h.lhorse does not ' constitute a new felonious taking." ei t , t 4 t 't. ii ti9ks R. and R• 441, overruling R. v. Tunnard, 1 1, - , he a . t . , Cable,. In order to constitut e a larceny the jury kr,*gt:'leci that the pussesiiiiin was obtained aninzo ndi. I,4litlly leas i nto Etnale the jury to determine, In tilt ease so 1 4 ~tt ,va. toMed oin your recent article. Ido not say 1.,;11 8 4 4144 to the jury in that distinct and simple way that li t i r 'etl „1 1 4 as es is de,irable, but I think your censure of the l,„ t \,, .11(0' was rather too severe and as the author of your t, i ttah ti ; t l . all probability a person ' not very well versed in :i_ ere"lttt,t of the law, perhaps you will give insertion to ' Alit ati by A BARRISTER. -court-buildings, Temple, Jan. 12, 1844. t: 11 ,1t ; v t c ) , 1 1 ',‘W R is ill , ft , „.„,. TORICAL ROMAN " 7 t j(l f0r",,,,,,5i.0r CHAR L- , ' " "--- IS "I"rints; tci s 4 . ~ication to 4-Asiri.l.ColbinurnPretshernotuilg'gh thisthe ritii.t4tiettstai. ji;crieend, we understand the author preserved , N 4, list itgVo• Whether the from justly its rl k i s c e.eeaitile y the 'mess will deriTt'llluttiratniss Certainly 4, inc;iti hi t ,,n e ti.nr production has created so great I. x 414. ries _us ,ltt.erary world, or given rise to so 4 Q,, t,t ti co re Pitting the authorship. L4i i s ndn aeh has commenced running daily .I.llB,ll4t4,l,.litts.l3;sa)thtetvveen Ilexham and Bellingh ' arn ; it , i, , ,tt , ut t , i, , ,,_ , tour o'clock in the afternoon, and Bel -414-,,,...."e40re:74`41' t ( i ) c :c l o .. c_k t in tbe. rnornint,z, and affords caw_ to{ tip retired dnitrict of North K eldvor item ....,i,, LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DA Y.) LONDON, JAN. 13.—Moderate breezes from N. W., and cloudy. It rained hard last night. DEAL, JAN. 12, A.M., Wind, light and variable.—P. M. S. S.W., fresh.—Sid. Alvirna and Clara, Pernambuco. Arrd. Stad Gwolle, Amsterdam, for Surinam; Antoinette, do., for Texas. A brig, name unknown, got on the Goodwin Sands this morning, during a fog, but was assisted off, and proceeded towards the North Foreland. Orr HASTINGS, JAN. 12.—Godfrey, Hamburgh, for Valparaiso. PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 12. —Wind E. S.E. to S.S.W.—Arrd. Arminius, Otto, Port au Prince, for Bremen, leaky in top sides; Hendrik Hudson, London, for New York ; Eudora, I‘l‘llickau, Hobart Town, sai!ed Sept. 15; Phoenix, Suter, Havannah, for Ilaniurgh. COWES, JAN. 12.—Arid. Aurelian, Quebec. OFF BRIGHTON, JAN. 12.—Eliza Ann, Batavia, for Am sterdam. FALatoUTIt, JAN. 12. —Wind W. S. W. —Arrd. Lucretia, Headberry, Laguna. RATIIMULLIN (LOUGH SWILLT), JAN. B.—Arrd. Sally, Stevenson, —, with damage, having been in contact on the sth instant, off Tory Island, with a schooner, which was not seen afterwards. GALWAY, JAN. 9.—The John Bog,t, bound to London, which grounded in leaving the harbour, 4th inst, got off next tide, without damage, and proceeded. STunvvALL ROADS.—Arrd. and proceeded Haidee, Clyde, to St. Vincent's ; William Russell, Liverpool to the Brazils. RAMSGATE, JAN. 12.—The Pomona, from Amsterdam to Now York, and the Dolores, from Havannah to Hamburgh, have been surveyed, and must discharge. LIVERPOOL, JAN. 12.—Wind S. to N. W., moderate.— Arrd. Eliza, Woolley, Valparaiso (Oct. 8. ); Mary Bidley, Honduras ; Isaac, Allerton, Natchez ; Emblem, Dyll, How ard, Hill, Sobieski, Great', Swatara, Davies, and Essex, Welch, New Orleans. 81d. Ana, Joven Pepita, and Joven Victoriana, Havannah ; Harriet Rockwell, Mobile; Barbadian, and Agnes Jane, Jamaica. Coast. JAN. 10.—Sid. Freeman, Jamaica; John, Charles ton. Off, Ceres, Smith, Honduras; Martha, Steele, Bay of Fundy, with less of sails, bulwarks, stanchions, and one man overboard, having been struck by a sea in lat. 41, lon. 50. SHIELDS, JAN. 11.—Sid. Stark, Ceylon. ALDBOROUGH, JAN. 10.—The fishing smack New Flora, Long, of sandwich, foundered yesterday b-tween the Kentish Knock and the Largstone, having been in contact with the Rebecca, of South Sheilds. VESELS 'SPOKEN WlTll.—Nellor, Cowes to Genoa, 29th ult., off Tarifa ; Henderson, Liverpool to Gibraltar, 30th, by the Mary Ridle', arrived at Liverpool. Barque Canada, 7th inst., lat. 46, lon. 12, by the Phcenix, arrived off Portsmouth. Warren Hastings, Liverpool to New Orleans, Nov. 28, lat. 25, lon. 87 ; Isabella, from London, 9th inst., lat. 49, ion. 9; Racer, from London, 10th, lat. 49, lon. 7, by the Lucretia, ar rived at Falmouth. Lady Rowena, of Liverpool, bound to London, 11th ult., lat. 13 N., lon. 29 W. ; Charles, Boston to Calcutta, 16th. A ship, No. 3,571.1, distinguishing pen dant, standing W., lat. 38, lon. •23; Earl Essex, supposed from Liverpool to Boone, Ayres, 4th inst., lat. 46, lon. 11, b . the Eliza ADD, off Brighton. COURT CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert took their accustomed early walk yesterday in Claremont Park. Ilis Royal Highness the Prince of Wales was taken an airing in a carriage at Claremont yesterday forenoon. Her Royal Highness the Princess . Royal rode out on a pony in Claremont Park yesterday morning. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out shooting in the forenoon. His Royal Highness was attended by Major-General Sir Edward Bowater, Equerry in Wait ing, and Lord Rivers. The Prince and suite returned on hor , eback to Claremont, shortly before two o'clock, to lunch. The unfavourable state of the weather during yes terday afternoon prevented her Majesty and her Illus trious Consort taking a drive. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge has ar rived at Belton House to honour the Earl and Countess Brownlow with a visit, from Belvoir Castle, Leicester shire, the seat of the Duke of Rutland. A Cabinet Cottrell was held at three o'clock yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, the Lord Chan cellor, Lord Wharnclitfe, the Duke of Buccleuch, Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Stanley, Sir James Graham, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Earl of Haddington, Earl of Ripon, the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, Sir Henry Hardinge, and Sir Edward Knatchbull. The Council sat three hours. Mr.:F. Shand and Mr. Langford Hodge had an inter view yesterday on the affairs of Antigua with Lord Stanley at the Colonial-office. The Committee on Education of the Lords of her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council had a meeting yesterday at the Council- office. The Lords present were the Lord President, the Duke of Buccleuch, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, and Lord Granville Somerset. The meeting broke up at three o'clock. The Earl of Ripon had an interview with Sir R. Peel yesterday. Mr. Sanford had an interview with the Right Hon. NV. E. Gladstone on Thursday, at the office of the Board of Trade. THE STATE ROOMS, ST. JAMES'S. These splendid apartments have recently undergone a complete renova tion. The ceilings have been painted, and the orna mental stucco work regilt. The walls have been hung with crimson, either velvet, satin damask, or flock paper. The richly -carved architraves, and cornices of the doors and the mouldings of the panelings, and also the window frames, have all been gilt, and the wood work painted of a white colour, tinted with crimson. The magnificent pier -glasses have been restored, and the frames new gilt, and the carved marble chimney-pieces, some of which are handsomely sculptured, have been carefully cleaned. The entire suite (with the exception of the Grand Banquetting- room) consisting of the Royal Closet, the Throne-room, the Entree or Drawing-room, and Queen Anne's-room, have been decorated. The Throne-room is more magnificent than the other apartments, being more highly ornamented and enriched with gold. On the north side of this saloon, in the centre, is a grand whole length portrait of his Majesty George the Fourth in his Coronation Robes, painted by Sir Thomas Law rence. This portrait has a very handsome frame, and is placed in a compartment hung with crimson velvet. On either side of this portrait are pilasters of crimson velvet, tastefully ornamented with beautiful specimens of carved fruit and foliage, reaching to the ceiling, and gilt. The other parts of this room (with the exception of the throne itself) are hung with rich satin damask of a handsome pattern. In addition to the State rooms, the Queen's Robing room, the Portrait Gallery, the Presence Chamber, and the Grand Chamber will also be renovated. The Gallery will be fitted up to correspond with the State-rooms. The tapestry in the Presence Chamber is being cleaned. The Corridors and both the State and Private Stair cases will also be cleaned and painted. ----- RAILWAY RETURNS. W extract from the Railway Magazine the sums re ceived on the principal Railways of Great Britain for the week ending on the day of the month prefixed to each. The return includes the money received for passengers, parcels, carriages, horses, mails, and tiler chandize : Total. Name of Railway. ended Jan. 6 Birmingham and Derby Junction 1,170 17 9 5 Birmingham and Gloucester 6 Brandling Junction . 5 Chester and Birkenhead 3BO 9 0 7 Dundee and Arbroath 6 Edinburgh and Glasgow. 7 Eastern Counties 6 Glasgow, Kilmarnock, and Ayr 1,548 4 4 6 Glasgow, Paisley, and Gree noc k BlB 5 5 6 Grand Junction, and Chester & Crewe 6,218 13 6 6 Great North of England 1,141 14 6 7 Great Western 10,205 15 4 5 Liverpool and Manchester 4,206 4 3 6 London and Birmingham 12,322 12 3 11 London and Blackwall 6 London and Brighton 9 London and Croydon 213 11 8i 11 London a n d G reenw i c h •• 681 3 7 7 London and South Western 4,847 18 0 4 Manchester, Bolton, and Bury 9ll 14 7 6 Manchester and Birmingham 6 Manchester & Leeds & Hull & Selby 5,095 6 8 6 Midland Counties.... 7 Newca s tl e an d Carlisle ... .. .. 1,127 17 3 7 New c a s tl e an d N ort h Shields . 299 11 1 Norther n an d E astern 6 North Midland North U n i on . •• 2 Paris and Orleans 3,742 10 7 8 Paris and Rouen 2,692 0 0 Presto n and Wyre 6 Sheffield and Manchester 669 15 1 11 South Eastern Taff Vale.. .•• 7 Ulster 542 14 0 6 York and North Midland 1,269 10 2 WILL OF THE -MARQUIS WELLESLEY.—The will and codicil of the Marquis Wellesley have just been proved by Mr. John Thornton Down, the sole executor, who has a legacy cf I,OCO/. He bequeaths to Mr. Alfred Montgomery, his private secretary, 1,000/., "in regard of his affectionate, dutiful, and zealous services," and the residue of his property to his wife, Mary Ann, Marchioness Wellesley. By the codicil he gives to his secretary (Mr. Montgomery), in addition to the legacy in his will, all his manuscripts ; and gives the follovvinOtectiuns, which are verbatim :—" And I de s i re hi m hsh • such' of my papers as shall tend to illustrate my two ailiteirUstrations. in Ireland, and to protect my honour against the slander. of Mel bourne and his pillar of state, O'Connell." To Lord Bioughim he leaves " Homer," in four vols., and earnestly desires him, to assist in publishing his M SS., saying, " I leave my memory in his charge, confiding in his justice and honour." To Earl Grey, " my George, carved on an Amethyst, and worn by George II." To his valet he leaves his wearing apparel, robes, stars, &c., " for his kindness during my illness." 'hie property is sworn under 6,000/. COLONEL SIODDART ALIVE. --`1( e inictir4a • what m ay b e considered authentic inte-IligetfeAdi, reaoed town, to the effect that Colonel Stockton is* alive, and at large, though strictly watched, by orders of hi' Mum of Bukhara. It is stated thut he has been emplo) by that Prince in the drilling of his troops. I We also learn, through the same source, that Captain Conolly is dead ; but whether he has fallen a victim to imprisonment and disease, or been put to death, is not positively ascertained. MAILS rose SYDNEY.—A contract has been entered into by her Majesty's Government for the conveyance of mails, monthly, from the 'United Kingdom to Sydney. British newspapers will be forwarded free of postage. TIIE PURITY OF TIIE LAW.—That tha adminis trators of the law should be clean-handed is the universal admission of the whole civilised world ; but it has re mained for an Irish votary of Themis to carry the prin ciple of legal purity to its fullest extent, as will be seen by the following notice, which we extract from Saunders's News-Letter of this morning:—" Notice.-- Mr. Molloy, Provisional Assignee of the Insolvent Debtors' Court, requests that all clerks and others having business to transact with him, will make use of the rug and scraper for the feet, previous to their entering his apartment." Perhaps Mr. Molloy has found that the " clerks and others having business to transact with him," resemble the French lady, who, when some sur prise was expressed by an acquaintance at the impure condition of her hands, pathetically responded, " Ah, mon Dieu, if you were only to see my feet I"—Dublin Mail. GLASGOW IREE TRADE BANQUET. This great and important demonstration in support of the principles of free trade, and especially in behalf of a total repeal of the corn and provision -laws, took place on Wednes day, in the City Hall. In point of respectability, according to the ordinary acceptation of this term, the meeting was perhaps never surpassed in Glasgow. The entire number of persons :n the hall was about 2,000, including ladies, of whom 150 occupied the western gallery. The Chair was occupied by the Hon. the Lord Provost. Vice-Chairmen—Walter Buchanan, Esq. ; John Tennant, Esq. ; Alexander Graham, Esq. ; William Cross, Esq. On the Chairman's platform were the following gentlemen : —The Hon. Fox Maule, M.P. ; James Oswald, Esq., M.P. ; Richard Cobden, Esq., AL P. ; Colonel Thompson ; R. R. R. Moore, Esq. ; John Bright, Erq., ill. P. ; Art htleaeon Hastie, Esq., M.P. ; Rev. Dr. Ward,aw, Rev. Dr. Peugh, Rev. Dr. Willis, George Stirling, Esq. ; Samuel Higginbotham, Esq ; John Wilson, Esq., Dundyvan ; P. W. Kennedy, Esq., of Drumellan ; Robert Stewart, Esq. ; George Ander son, Esq. ; David Chapman, Esq. ; William Gemmel], Esq. ; Walter Crum, Esq. ; Alexander Couper, Esq. ; David :Mur ray, Esq. ; George Brown, Esq. ; Charles Gray, Esq. ; James Scott, Esq. ; John Ker, Esq. ; Andrew Galbraith, Esq. ; Thomas Speirs, Esq. ; Jan Young, jun., Esq. ; George Stevenson, Esq. ; John Ker, Esq. ; John Kerr, Esq. At the other end of the table were—Provost Bain, Gree nock; Baines, Hamilton, Whitehead, Mastic, end Anderson ; Provost Bankier ; Bailie Bunten ; James Dunlop, Esq. ; George Craw furd, Esq. ; George Wilson, Esq. ; John Wil son, Esq., Aucheneden ; John Robertson, Esq. ; Robert Hutchinson, Esq. ; Robert Bartholomew, Esq.; - William Gray, Esq. ; John Pattison, Esq. ; John Anderson, Esq. ; 11. E. Crum, Esq. ; A. C. Dick, Esq. Advocate ; Alexand e r Denny, Esq. ; William Coupe r , E sq . ; William Login, Esq. ; and P. Cowan, Esq. Letters of apology were received and read from Lord Dun fermline, Lord Kinnaird, the Hon. C. P. Villiers, M.P. ; P. :NI. Stewart, Esq., M.P. ; G. Duncan, Esq., M.P. ; J. Fergus, Esq., late Al. P. ; and W. D. Dillon, Esq., of Wall house. The LORD PROVOST, in rising to propose the first toast, was loudly cheered. He said—Ladies and Gentlemen, I have great pleasure in taking the chair on this occasion. The question of free-trade has long occupied the attention of the citizens of Glasgow, many of whom, towards the close of the last cen tury, zealously maintained the sound principles which the celebrated Adam Smith so ably and admirably propounded and practically illustrated, whilst he filled one of the chairs in our University —(Cheers.) lam happy to find that en many of our intelligent merchants and manufacturers of the present time arc becoming every day more and inure alive to the im portant principles involved in this alliengrossing subject—the abolition of all monopolies ; and I assure you that I feel gra tified, when an opportunity occurs, that I can, in the exercise of my duty as chief magistrate, give countenance and support to any measure that will tend to ameliorate the condition of the working classes, or improve the commercial and ma nufacturing interests of this great and flourishing city, the mercantile metropolis of Scotland.—( Great cheering.) We have met here to-night to express our abhorrence of those laws which, by enhancing the price of bread, cut deeply into the comforts of this great community, as well as of the coun try generally. They also tend, by restricting our intercourse with foreign nations, to limit the demand for our manufactures, diminishing the employment of the working population, and the necessary consequences follow—the reduction of the wages of our operatives and artisans.—( Hear.) lam well aware there are many gentlemen whom I have the pleasure of seeing around me, who will in the course of the evening explain and enter upon the details, and picture to you, in more glowing terms than I can, the misery those unjust laws inflict on the vast majority of our population. To them I leave the task ; and I now request you will fervently join in doing special honour to one whose father's principles, as well as her own education and feelings leave us no room to doubt that in her we have a friend to every measure that can promote the social happiness, comfort, and prosperity of the people —" The Queen."—( Great cheering.) llis Loensitir then proposed successively—" His Royal Highness Prince A lbert," and " The Prince of Wales and Royal Family," which were d run k with applause. The LORD Peovose then called on the Hon. Fox Maule fur the next toast. Mr. Fox MeueE, who was loudly and enthusiastically ap plauded, and " one cheer more," was gi ven f or th e M em b er for Perth, sa id—L a di es and Gentlemen, in rising to address you on this occasion, I feel that to-night I have been placed in a position which there are many here present much more worthy to occupy than myself. Indeed 1 should have been disposed rather to follow those who have already led the way in bringing the great principles of free trade before the public, than to he put forward as the first to introduce that subject to you this evening. But it has been the pleasure of the Com mittee to arrange it so, and 1 shall, therefore, endeavour, in as few words as I can, to give the toast which they have allotted to my share. It embraces the great and wide subject of " Free Trade" —(Cheering)—a toast into all the ramifications of which I will not enter in detail—for, were I to do so, in the first place I should weary your patience, and in the next place, I should do, that of a hich I hav e some ti mes h a d occas i on t o com plain in 'following the toasts of other speakers —I should trench upon any neighbour's ground. I shall endeavour to avoid that if possible, and 1 shall endeavour to speak to those paramount principles which, if they exist any where, I should imagine must and will exist in that city in which Adam Smith taught and wrote—( Hear, hear) —in that city which boasts itself not only the commercial and manufacturing metropolis of Scotland, but is second scarcely to any city in the empire.—( Applause.) The principles of free trade, Gentlemen, have begun to force themselves so con vincingly, day after day, upon the minds of the inhabitants of this country, that it scarcely requires—indeed it would be an insult to your understanding—that I should go back into their o ti r re igin o proper , r trace bosi em n t e h ssof t s o u t c h h ei a r ultimatemeeting g objects. asthis id is to consult c c o o n n s s olt er that toge ther, and to listen to practical suggestions as to how, in the speediest and most effective, and, at the same time, in the safest manner, we can carry these principles into effect in the Government and Legislature of our country.—(Loud cheers.) I think you will admit that we have had of late years pretty clear and plain proof that the old systems of special protection are net those upon which—even though you might believe and countenance them for the moment—the vast interests of such a country as this can permanently stand.—( Hear, hear, and ap plause.) Like a plant, which may be reared or forced in a hot-bed or hot-house, monopoly may be of benefit for the moment; but to stand all the tear and wear of a changeful climate—to be thoroughly fixed and permanently rooted in our soil, it is not destined, and you may rely upon it, that monopoly is not the plant to flourish in this country ; nor is our soil likely to be burdened with it much longer.—( Cries of " Hear.") We are free men, and why should we not have free trade ? — (Applause.) I think it stands to reason that that system is best, and promotes to the greatest extent the well being of all, which shall give to us the easiest enjoyment of that which the rest of the world produces, and which shall con vey to the rest of the world the produce of our own industry in return. Now, there are the principles upon which I for one wish to see legislation ; and I wish to see them embraced not in this point only, but in all. In fact, I wish to see no taxation in this country which is not solely for the purpose of maintain- Mg our national credit, and answering our national engage ments—(Hear, hear)—and I would further wish to see that taxation so levied that its pressure might be equal on all classes, and that no class or section should have exemption at the ex pense of another. There are various subjects to which the principles of free trade have been more peculiarly directed ; but as one deeply interested in the prosperity of agriculture, I am not sorry to have the opportunity before this company, in this great city, to bear my public testimony to that which has been asserted by others—that I believe free trade in agriculture, or, in other words, the repeal of the corn-laws, which give a mono poly to the owners or holders of land, should be, for the genera' good of the country, conceded—that these laws should be imme diately repealed.--( Loud applause.) I have not come to this , opinion suddenly, n or h ave arrived at it from any personal motive or purpose; b u t th e more I h ave co nsider e d the sub ject, the more I have been convinced, not only that the land owner or landholder will rot be losers by the repeal of the corn-laws, for that is a narrow view of the question, but they will be so far gainers that, without any loss to themselves, the repeal of these laws will confer an immense boon on the rest of the community.—( Hear.) Now, in reference to the article corn, I would like to say one or two words on that subject to any farmers wino may be here present, and I would wish to express my conviction, from the little experience 1 have had in communication with agriculturists, and especially with the tenantry of this country, that I believe there is a growing opinion amongst the tenantry, that the sooner the corn-law is settled the better, and that they w ill not consider any settle ment satisfactory which does not involve a total repeal of these laws.—( Applause.) This I believe to be a growing feeling among the agricultural population ; arid our agricultural popu lation, you will bear in m i n d, an d te gentlemen from England will bear in mind, depend mostly upon leases and upon fixed engagements with their landlord. But to what do I trace this change and growth of opinion ? I trace it to the efforts of a body of which, though I am not a member myself, yet I can not have looked unebservantly upon what they have been doing during the last twelve months. It was not my inten tion to have entered into any details regarding the Anti- Corn-law League; yet when 1 see a body of men as much entitled to hold their opinions, and to press them on the public as I or any other class of the community are entitled to hold opinions —when I see a body composed of such gentlemen as those on my right and left, to whom have been attributed ma licious motives, and who have been falsely attacked and chal lenged for using the most atrocious of language, and the most horrible of doctrines—when I see this / must take the liberty of stating my opinion of the high merits of that body, and of the important, services which the Anti.Cern-law League have ren dered during the last twelve months.—(Hear, hear.) I have often remarked quietly to various members of that body, that in the first commencement of their career, they, as well as their opponents, dealt too much in bandying hard words with each other. I told them that this was not only a waste of their time, but a highly impolitic proceeding into the bargain ; but during the last twelve months we have seen that body scattering arguments throughout the length and breadth of the land— reams of reason flowing from their press, and working by that machinery, and fighting with those weapons which are most worthy of reasoning men, and most likely to convince reason ing-beings.—(Loud applause.) There may, no doubt, have been here and there, in a large body such as this, some men wipe vivid imagination and fiery temperament may have occasionally run away with them ; but we must judge a body Mei this by its written feelings and opinions, not from the sud4n speeches of some of its members. And when we look updn the endeavours of the Anti-Corn-law League to inform the public upon all the bearings of the great question of free trade, I must admit I have seldom seen an association —and I do not in general approve of such associations for the purpose of urging on legislation—l have never known one which had such beneficial objects in view, or urged them with such legitimate and laudable weapons. I have thought it right to say thik e rnuch, and to express publicly my opinion in order to show. Mat though I do nut belong to them, I am so far from iseotriaoiirg their efforts, that I regard them as the means of east good, and it is our duty therefore to bear up against those who would foully and unjustly calumniate them.—( Hear. ) Having said this much in regard to this great and growing body in the country, permit me to go on to state that I believe that cause they have been advocating is coming by slow and sure degrees to a crisis. —(Hear, hear.) When I look into England—when I regard the counties of England, and observe the different tone of language which is now held at agricul tural meetings, I cannot help being struck with a strong feel ing that the landlords and farmers of England, though they won't confess it themselves, are making up their minds for what they see is inevitably approaching.—(" Hear, hear," and applause.) Why, we begin to hear in the counties of Eng land remarks on the necessity of leases, and suggestions as to the utility of draining —we begin to have the practice of the Lothians quoted in Devonshire and Dorsetshire—and we find that agricultural associations are nu longer mere bodies met for the purpose of dining together, and hearing or making speeches in favour of monopoly; but they have set themselves earnestly to do business in their own line, by en deavouring to point out to the tenantry of the country how they may make the land grow more, and how, by increased production, they may meet the defalcation, should there be a frwin w re. butoianimlst ell t i eet h sntah e sovernore m glel hoer a wt; n essul t w tilnah . hdy h i aai o o dtnt:h h i :wane that rt d ntwhe: wh l et i defalcation, produced by a repeal of the corn-laws.—( Hear. ) It has been generally imagined that the mast prosperous tenant di a mi nos r feemi necessary reegsacs state a snsdt s s deoaa h ori lowestdaily nfhl ocataebvl.ohei ieui his T a t g, ordinary h n orhette o eli u n t authorityo f en t; of eminent agriculturists, that a rent inadequately low is nothing h a i c sd n r seh d a f n e t ' n .a a ii extrac t ea wants, r hear.) But the man who is spurred on by a long rent, or a fr t . large family, is ill exert every nerve to make the ground pro duce to the uttermost; and that man of all others is he who will not fear any repeal of the corn-laws, but will rather court the settlement of a question which distracts his attention, and which, when settled, will leave him at liberty to ap. ply Isis energies in a manner from which he will he be sure to derive a fair return. Such seniiments, lam con vinced, will in due time prevail all over England ; but I be lieve we shall not succeed in this great question till we can se cure leases to improving tenants. But some of the English landlords complain that they cannot do without the corn-laws because their estates are burdened with mortgages. These men, then, may not be able to afford the money to improve their ol,vn estates ; but, if they give leases, enterprising tenants will be found to improve these lands and lay out the money. And shall the indisposition of the proprietors to lay out this money, which may more properly be stated as an indisposition lut b r t ts a i n the i ng right thi s class,o great ft he peopleto part with th e i r h o l d over the consciences of their tenantry— shall this indi spos i t i on interfere between the public and their o been o A f this boon country it s no not—it vis their fofooda r g t i t. he lowest possible pri ce; an d when this can be had without in jwtOeOy secure sllhr to S a any e lil l t :e o s ebi t tta h hi a en t r ittf hle io s na athe m y tfhe t right from the Government, the more blame we should take questionfew }ears pyr longereiiasnrprinciples o w e Ise amn of a og arecunsettled. Liberal obtaining convinced—we eut . st this e shall t Govern ment, or the fears of a Tory Government—we shall either have it in the same spirit in which the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts or Municipal Reform were given, or we shall obtain it in the same way as Catholic Emancipation was secured in 1829. —( Hear, hear.) But it is a most wretched state for the country to be in in the mean time; and it is worse to have men in power who will nibble at reforms without making them while there is time. There must be no nibbling in the case of free trade. ".Nibbling," as Lord Johu Russell said to Sir Robert Peel, "that unsettles everything and settles nothing." And, therefore, the safe and wisest, and best course for all parties is, to let us have done with all those laws which give any one class a superiority over another —which gives a boon and protection to which they have no title in justice; for I maintain that no men or class is entitled to protection in the shape of monopoly on any pretence whatever. —( Applause.) It is not my intention to detain you longer from the business of the evening. I have merely made these remarks as leading to the practical development of the subject before us, and I conclude by inviting you to join me, in drink ing the toast of " Free Trade," in condemning all opposite principles of legislation, and in pressing for a speedy abolition of those monopolies which are a burden to the country and a bane to the people.—( The toast was given with the most en thusiastic plaudits ; after which the lion. Gentleman resumed his seat.) The LORD PROVOST, after adverting to the fact that the Legislature had turned a deaf ear to reasonable remonstrance, and thereby given the League enormous power, requested the meeting cordially to join him in tire" Health of the gentlemen composing the deputation from the League."—( Cheering. ) Mr. COBDEN acknowledged the toast, and was received with every demonstration of the most enthusiastic welcome.—( The cheering continued loud and long, and the Hon. Gentleman, at the outset of his speech, was more than once i n t errupte d b y a repetition of th e plaudits). He said—My Lord Provost, Ladies, and Gentlemen, it gives me great happiness to have the honour of appearing before such an audience as this, especially when I have fresh upon my recollection the proceedings which took place twelve months ago, and the gratifying and flattering circumstances which then attended my visit here. Since we last had the opportunity of meeting, important circumstances, not a few, have marked the progress of our movement; and if we were to be asked at what time free-trade opinions were making the most rapid progress, I would say that now they are progressing more than at any former period. While we had ten converts yesterday, we have 100 —nay, I,ooo—to-day ; not only converts, but active missionaries in the cause. And it:is impossible for any one to suppose that our cause, marked by the circumstances which have attended the movement, can ever go back. Our excellent Lord Provost has alluded to the labours of individuals in connexion with this movement ; but I would be ashamed of myself, as my friends here would also be, were we to arrogate to ourselves the prin cipal merit of the great advance which Sias been re cently made. There are many men whom I could name—men not publicly known—who have done as much to promote the advance of the cause, and ensure its success, and who are still labouring in their own circles, as those who have been constantly before the world, and had all the eclat of the movement. Well, then, if I were asked what is the reason of the rapid progress we have lately made, I would say, that next to the justice of our cause, and to that wise discretion that has induced the League to adhere to the one great question—l . should say, that we are more indebted to the conduct of our opponents than to any other circumstance.—( Hear.) If I had been requested to prescribe the course of conduct which our opponents, both in Parliament and out of Parliament should pursue, I would however, having a due regard to the interests of free trade, have prescribed that very course which they have been kind enough to adopt.—(llear, and a laugh. ) I should have recommendedtt; ntn e e ex t oerefisren o ffia ft tdsin tricks out and of t chicanery in in the House, and the ernplo if I could have raked up from the kennel the ready tool of any party—if I could have found men abandoned in public and pri vate life, and induced our opponents to employ them as the organs of monopoly, I should have recommended those very men whom they have taken. I should have advised them not to advance by slow degrees in the charges of a criminal nature against members of the League. I should have advised to take charges of petty larceny in the outset, and ascend through the calendar of crime to assassination itself.—( Hear, and a laugh.) That would have been the peculiarly proper course, for it is by some such gradations that human nature advances from little to the great depths of criminality ; and I should should have said—charge the men who have the merit of ordinary propriety and decorum in their lives—charge them with assassination at once. By so doing, I should have known, that in dealing with the people of E ng l an d—th e s h rew d and right-hearted people of England —we should have covered our accusers with ignominy and contempt. Having said that lam obliged to our opponents for the course they have pursued, I would also say, that we are not setting up for ourselves the merit of possessing any superior amount of virtue. We do not say that we have a claim for more than a man could expect in a servant at eighteen shillings a week. We only say that we stand here presenting a favourable contrast to the champions of monopoly, by whom we have beers assailed. The champions and the cause are worthy of each other. The Hon. Member then adverted to what the League had done and what it proposed to do, and spoke at considerable length of the rapid and vast progress it bad made at the meetings it had held in the agricultural dis tricts, of the benefit of the repeal of the corn-laws to the capi talists and labourers, and concluded thus:--And now I have had a toast put into my hands to which I find it necessary to advert. My friend, Mr. llaule, made a promise he would not trench on any other person's ground, and, like every other promise of the kind, g i ven at a public meeting, he broke it, by going over the whole of my g round. —(Laughter.) But as he did it so much better than I could have done, and with much greater authority, 1 am hay that he took up the agricultural view of thi s question.—(pCheers.) I shall not, Gentlemen, touch upon the ground likely to b e taken up by other speakers, the moral ground of this question, which is one that cannot be dwelt up on t oo much. ---( Cheers.) For while we consider it as one of pounds, shillings and pence, let us re member that there are bearings in the free trade question far higher than these—that free trade is the most benignant of principles. As Sir Hobert Peel said, it is to buy in the cheapest, and sell in the dearest market. This may be said to be a selfish principle ; but it is in fact, just to take your pro duce that is cheap, to those countries where it is dear.-- (Cheers.) And it is cur taking this produce, because it is cheap there, and bringing it to our country, because it is dear here.-- ( Cheers.) If you view flee trade with this definition, you will never arrive at the opinion, that there is anything selfish in free trade ; but, on the contrary, you will find that it is the reverse—that it is feeding the hungry and clothing the naked, in th e most comprehensive manner all over the world. Mr. Cobden then gave " The agricultural interests of the country, a n d may all classes connected with it become satisfied that they cannot prosper while commerce and manufactures decay."—(Drunk with loud cheering.) Mr. ALEXANDER GRAHAM proposed "The ministers of religion who ha ve identified themselves with the cause of free trade." A few years ago, two clerical convocations were held en this special subject. The first was at Manchester, and con sisted of 650 dissenting ministers of all denominations. Besides, nearly 900 other absent ministers also addressed letters to the h f e a r.) 200 ministers. The other assembly lield closed at assembly, expressive of th e i r approbation of its o bj ect .—( H ear , solemn address to the p u bli c, condemning al l mono p o lies, a s alike offensive to God and i n j ur i ous to man. U n it e d, they form a sacred cloud of witnes ses to the j us tice of our cause.— ( Cheers.) I would not mali c i ous l y keep a li ve from oblivion d t i t ngh, consisted its sittings with a o the memory of that act of the G enet al Assem bl y , by which they petitioned Parliament against a repeal of the corn-laws, as threatening to depreciate the value of their grain revenues ; but the fact is worthy of record, as an illustration of this one most repulsive aspect of a bad system, under which the ministers of religion have become vested with an interest antagonal to that of the people, and are exhibited before the world as collateral contradict sharers them, in nn the ee secrecyspoils theirunjustrmonots t Po of— °riweekly public prayer of their lips for pl en ty in the land both t ing ot man and beast.—( Hear, hear.) The Rev. Dr. PEUGII, amidst loud cheering, proposed— " The progress of knowledge, a neces s ary guarantee for the extension and permanence of free institutions."—(lmmense e eve and n t regal emp the cheering.) After adverting to the moral bearings of the ques tion, he said,—l think we are apt sometimes to blame Sir R. Peel too much.—(Hear, hear.) We must be just to that Minister; and in some points of view I think he is entitled to our hearty thanks, and especially for conferring on the country h n e e l evsesr, does meant, n n p t e r a h l a t p er s, th to e h a e g s r t o ea vi t boonupon whichbut S Sir R which, obernt Peel vert nature of the gift. But for Sir Robert Peel contending for the corn.law, and using every effort to keep it as it is, I suppose not e a few of the distinguished persons who figure most promi nently at the present day might have lived and died in the pri vacy of retirement. But Sir Robert has brought them out of that privacy, which to them was luxury , to bring them into th e withdraw I say then, y or n be arena of public life, to fasten on them t he eyes, tne confiden ce , and the affections of this country an d contrived to mar s h a l under them the people of all classes — bankers, merch an t s , tradesmen, and even the farmers themselves. And we may Sir o e t v h e e n rs su t p o po fo se ll , ow tha t t hosese classes, from is preparing th e way for whose eff orts I trust ean p d ow h e i r s . _( ‘, e associates etn e n w t l h e driventhat l fromi Lord Provost, is not Sir Robert Peel a public benefactor— ( Laughter)—unconscious, you may say—condescendi ng, you may say—but, after all, is he not a:sublime benefact or ?—( Re newed laughter.) Can you listen to what you have he ar d from the right hand of the chair, and what you will no doubt yet hear from the left hand, and yet say that Sir Robe r t P ee l is not entitled to you r —l p e rhaps say ironical—but yet exult ing approbation ?—( C on ti nue d laughter.) Yes, let Sir R o b ert persist, and we will p ers i s t a lso ; let Sir Robert supp ort mono poly, we will opp ose it ; l e t him a nd his friends c l u b t h e i r i el eitherer cheering,) ) money, we will do so too; end let it be ong or two years, if we only continue true to ourselves, and to the great cause we are engaged in, we are as sure to beat him as we are en gaged in conflict with him.--(Loud cheers.) The Rev. Gen tleman gave the toast amidst loud and repeated cheering. Mr. BRIGHT now rose amid loud and prolonged cheering. When silence had in some measure been restored, he said—l have been requested by the Committee of management to speak to this meeting on a part of the subject which contains the which—that is, that part which is included in the phrase— " The total and immediate repeal of the corn-lays s"—( Cheers. ) and if I had not been so requested, I have no doubt but this particular part, or whole of the subject, would have presented itself to my mind at the very first. For the total repeal we ask, because we are resolved never to be satisfied with less than complete justice ; for immediate repeal we ask, because having discovered what would be complete jus tice, we are resolved that that justice will not be de layed one moment if we can help it.—( Great cheering.) We have been for twenty-eight years living under the opera tion of this corn-law, and have, as men generally do in such cases, become so accustomed to it, that we are almost unable to discover the hideousness of its features, or the deformity of its character ; but that it is hideous, that it has been roost mis chievous, that it is to this hour destroying the hope and the happiness of th ousan d s, we are we ll a ware. The Hon. Gen tleman then entered at great length into the history and effects of the corn-law, and spoke with his usual force and eloquence, proving to the company that none of his energy, or his hearty abhorrence to the law, had been diminished by his recent ill ness, and concluded thus :---I speak not without authority. We have attended hundreds of meetings. No men in this country have seen the faces of so many of their countrymen as we have.—(Cheers.) We have shaken by the hand, from our heart of hearts, hundreds of thousands of the intelligent population of this country; and we have authority for saying, that it is the opinion of the middle classes of this country, who are intelligent, and the powerful, and the electoral classes, that this law is bad, that it originated in injustice, and has been maintained by an unjust exercise of power.—( Cheers. ) And we ask you, the people of this city, whether you are willing to cornp with us to the breach, to bear all, to suffer all, and work all that is necessary for the carrying out of our principle, the fundamental principle of the Anti-Corn-law League ?—( Great cheering. ) I know you well—l have not read the history of your country for nothing; and I need not point out to you passages in the history of your country that prove beyond dispute that there is in the people of Scotland a love of liberty that can never die.--( Cheers. ) Your country has been the cradle of liberty, the home of freedom for centu ries back.--( Cheers.) You have not been oppressed and tram pled on by England, as some other Nita of the world have been—(Cheers)—and now I trust that what you have done for freedom—what you have done for civil and religious freedom, you are now ready to do for yourcornmercialliberties.—( Cheers.) I ask you to resolve with me that— " By oppressions woes and pains—. By our sons in servile chains, \%o will work while strength remains, But we shall be free."—( Cheers.) Mr. Bright then gave, " The total and immediate repeal of the corn-laws," which was drunk amid enthusiastic cheering. Colonel THOM PSON, who was received with loud cheers, said —My Lord Provost, Ladies and Gentlemen, it is well that our friend who spoke last has interposed a few matters :of finance, for it would be hard to take a man from hearing " Scots wha ha'e wi' Wallace bled," and carry him directly to the discus sion of a dry point of political economy like that which has been put into my hand.—( Laughter.) It was, perhaps, so placed, because there was a confidence that I at all events should not withhold a reply when I was regularly called on—that I should not demur to give the most honest and clear opinion I was able upon a point of such importance. The question lam to speak on is :—" An adjustment of taxation to give relief to the industry of the country and the masses of its population." True, you might ask your gentles to tell how this might be accom plished, and perhaps they would not give you such an answer as I would hint at. They would probably propose some change in the duties of oil olive, or a relaxation of those of stick liquorice.—(Laughter.) Well, here is a sort of professional workshop, out of which Parliament, and Acts of Parliament, hereafter arc to be made. There let us pause a few minutes, endeavouring to clear our own ideas upon this question, although it be a dry one, and perhaps ' we may at some time find our opinions mounting into those regions where they shall have some chance of being re duced to a practical result. I pass by, as a mere piece of by play, those specimens of taxation in which the poor, or nume rous classes, are ma• - 'e to pay in something like proportion to their poverty.—( Laughter. ) The invention is a silly one, but quite effectual. It is but this, to lay on a fixed duty upon all articles of one kind, whatever may be the differences of value amongst them.—( Hear, hear.) Tobacco—for instance—some here are perhaps not teetotallers in that aromatic weed— (Laughter ) well then, in consequence of the application of this principle, the poorest man here pays eleven times the tax ation on the tobacco which he whiffs on the streets, compared with that which the dandy smokes in cigars. —(Laughter.) With tea, Ladies, it is much the same.—(laughter.) The poor have to pay the greatest proportion of the duty on tea. The Duchess pays but a fragmented portion of the value of that which they imbibe. The w asherwoman—tell it to your washer women when you go forth—pays the same amount, or some thing like it, for the Bohea with which she refreshes her irri tated nerves.--( Laughter.) There seems in this some prospect of a possibility of a mixture of taxation in that form ; but there is another form more important still, be cause it is more extensive than we • now imagine it to be. The Gallant Colonel proceeded to say that he would direct the attention cf the meeting to the same st.bject as he had brought before them when he last had the honour of appearing before them. The question was simply this—were they to pay a higher price instead of a cheaper, for the benefit of some class of the community or other : so that a national gain might be derived from it, or whether there should be a national gain or a national loss? Colonel Thompson went on to show that in every such instance, where one individual gained, hundreds of individuals lost. He illustrated this in his quaint and pointed style by the bread tax, the injustice and impolicy of which he briefly but powerfully exposed. But then, he said, there has gone forth a fear and apprehension, that, since there must be a large revenue raised, how imprudent to shake the fabric under which it is collected—if you do anything to impoverish the race of rich men, where are we to get the taxes ? Why, where but from those who get richer by the alteration ?—( Cheers and laughter.) Now, you appear a calculating race, whom no man can beat at vulgar fractions any more than in the field of action.—(Laughter.) Look into those things against I come again, and let us then compare notes. Another time I will see whether we have not made some progress in knowing what species of taxation it is that ought to remain, and what should be removed, in the support of my toast, which is, ', An Adjust ment of Taxation, to give Relief to the Industry of the Country, and the masses of its Population."--( Great cheering.) Mr. OSWALD, M.P., gave the healths of those members in the Upper House who support the principles of free trade.— (Loud cheers.) The toast was given with all the honours. Councillor CROSS next addressed the meeting, and in a neat and appropi iate speech proposed " The Abolition of the Sugar and all other Colonial Monopoly," which was received with enthusiastic applause. Dr. WILLIS proposed " The speedy repeal of all those laws which enhance the price of food, and are productive of poverty, immorality, and crime." Mr. COBDEN, with many well-merited compliments, pro• posed " The health of the Lerd Provost." Drunk with loud cheering. The Loan PROVOST briefly thanked the meeting for the honour they had conferred upon him, and, after passing a high eulogium upon " The free trade Members of the House of Commons who have honoured us with their presence," pro posed the toast, coupling it with the name of Mr. Hastie, M.P. for Paisley. Mr. HA STIE, M.P., spoke to the toast. At the conclusion the Loan PaovosT proposed three cheers for the Anti-Corn-law League, which were heartily given, and the large meeting separated i n th e mos t d ecorous and orderly manner. ' onerous duties, and, by compromising our neutrality, would materially impair, if not , 'estroy, that confidence we have here tofore been favoured with by all classes of the public. ' ' Signed, on behalf of the meeting, " ' CHRISTOPHER HUGH ES, Chairman. " STEPHEN N. ELRINGTON, Secretary. " January 10.' " When the above resolution was adopted, the meeting adjourned." REPRESENTATION OF TIPPERARY. There is a letter in town to-day which states that the Re pealers are completely nonplussed for a candidate, Mr. Maher having declined the honour which was cut out for him. The Hon. Mr. O'Callaghan, son of Lord Lismore, is now spoken of ; but it is far more probable that Mr. Daniel O'Connell, jun., will be the opponent of Mr. Ponsonby Barker. "NATIONAL" POETRY. The following specimen of Irish manufacture, being a com panion-piece to the exquisite lyric, " Papa, who is the Saxon?" and from the same hand, makes its timely appearance in the Freeman of this day. It is headed— "MILLIONS, TO THE RESCUE!" " Up, up, to the rescue—the war-whoop resounds, And your bravest are game for the Sassenach hounds ; Up, to the rescue, and rally to save, Or ye boast not one drop of the blood of the brave. " Old tyranny oft played the game with our sires, And they perished, alas ! in rebellion's dread fires; But your tactics are now to await the attack, And you scatter, for ever, the Sassenach pack. " Each moment of life is a moment of pain To the bondman who tamely submits to the chain, And remember, posterity honours his grave Who fights like the valiant, or falls like the brave. "Be true to your chief—hold the hell-hounds at bay—. Shun treason and traitors, but shun not the fray; Let the onset be theirs, and each forest and glen Shall rock at the rush of our warrior men. " Together, together, stand firm as yet, And fling fierce defiance at tyranny's threat— Up, up, to the rescue, and rally to save, Or ye boast not one drop of the blood of the brave." THE CURRENCY. PAPER MONEY VINDICATED. A certain measure of value is necessary, if we would hold commerce with foreign countries; and the average price of wheat over the Continent of Europe in gold or silver gives that measure. If three quarters of an ounce of silver be the average value of a bushel of wheat in England, and that quantity be coined into 3s. 100. (at ss. 2d. per ounce), the quarter will be worth 31s. It one ounce of silver be its average equivalent, the price of the quarter will be 41s. 4d. 4 To preserve perfect uniformity of price in gold or silver at all times, on the average of seven or ten years, it should be the duty of Parliament, on any petition to that effect being presented from those who con ceive themselves aggrieved, to ascertain whether the measure had departed from the standard ; that is, whether since the la s t arrangement more or les s s il ver or gold had become theaverage natural equivalent of a bushel or a quarter of wheat; and to alter the shilling and the pound sterling in weight accordingly. Unless this be done, a sudden influx of the precious metals might take place, from new discoveries of mines, or from im proved methods of working those in use, which would have the effect, in a few years, of altering the measure of value to so great a degree that fixed films payable for a long series of years, might not be of half the worth they are at present. How many payments made by public companies and other corporate bodies, on account of trusts confided t o them centuries ago, are reduced to comparatively nothing, from the want of such a committee for the supervision of the coin as that which is proposed ! How many charities have been injured by inattention to this plain duty of Government ! Perhaps nothing has so much contri buted to deter people from making charitable bequests in money, as the thought, that in the lapse of years it will have become of little value. But without taking so wide a range, every landlord who lets a farm or house on lease, and every tenant also who takes either, ought to be protected from such natural increase or diminution in the value of our coin as he finds to be attended with practical loss or inconvenience to himself. From 1287 to 1338 that quantity of silver which is now coined into 38s. Bd. would purchase, on the average a quarter of wheat. From 1339 to 1451, the price of a quarter was 21s. 3d. of our present money. From 1453 to 1560, it took only 10s. of the same money to buy a quarter of wheat.. During the whole period silver had become so enhanced in value that one shilling was worth in the last hundred years as much as three had been in the first hundred years, and as two in the middle period ; so that in the course of a century he who contracted at the beginning to - pay a certain sum, then called 100/., had to pay at the end what was still called I 00/., though it was really worth 2001. From 1561 to 1700 the value of silver decreased in comparison with Qom, being on the average of that whole period exchangeable in the proportion of 455. against the quarter of wheat, by which the receivers of fixed in come were injured, being paid not quite 251. in the name of 100/. Under the direction of a " Committee for the Supervision of Coin," the pound in gold or silver will always represent, or be exchangeable for, an equal quantity of wheat, taking the ave rage of a number of years. Let it be supposed, then, that 31s. or 355. or 40s. is the true measure of value for a quarter of wheat in England ; as there is ne doubt that this sum repre sents the natural value of wheat, it is just and necessary as a measure of value between different nations, for without this or some such mea s u re th ey could not adjust the value of their re spective commodities in the common market of the civilised world. But what is just and necessary between the inhabitants of different countries may not be equally or at all so between the different inhabitants of the same country. Before we can determine whether they are all entitled to be treated as the inhabitants of another State, and paid according to the natural measure of value, we must see whether there are not some cir. cumstances affecting the value of money, applicable to them, and not to the foreigner. They differ from him in the fact of being liable to a different degree of taxation. Every man is protected in his person and property by the State in which he resides, for which protection he has to pay the State ; and this is evidently a payment which neither ought to be nor can be exacted from the inhabitants of a foreign State by . ano th er P ower, b ut w hi ch may reasonably enough be required of the denizens of each particular country. Whether it ought to be so required from them, as to cause any' difference in the price of commodities, will depend upon the mode of taxation. Such taxation as falls upon realised property, independent of trade, needs not and will not add to prices. Whatever sums are levied as a tax on land, or on capital in the abstract, as on property in the funds, are directly taken from the parties, and need not add to pri ces . If t h e l an d owner says, " 1 pay all the burdens of the State, and for some of them, at least, I ought to be reimbursed ; it is but fair, therefore, that I should be allowed to demand more rent for my land than before this tax was levied :" the answer would be, "If you increase the rent of your land, the farmer must have an increased price for his corn ; and the manufacturer who consumes it, paying that advanced price, must have an increased price for his pro ductions. If he gets this by our interdict of foreign goods, except under payment of a certain duty, which is the only way he can get it and keep it, you must pay a higher price for every thing you buy, and the outgoings would, in that case, greatly exceed the additional sum you receive from your increased rent. If we do not protect him from foreign competition, he cannot produce his goods with so much advantage to himself here as abroad, and he will soon transport his manufacture to countries where corn is cheaper, by which means you will lose far more in the end than the tax for which you are contending."—Such taxes then as these, which do not require or necessarily lead to an advance in the price of commodities, may be levied without causing a difference to the individuals of a country in the price paid by them and by those of other countries. But this is not the general character of our taxation. There may be, therefore, other circumstances connected with it which will have an effect on prices, considered with reference to individuals of the same country. That there aro such circumstances will be clearly evident, when we consider that our large revenue is nearly all derived from duties on the followiog articles :—Malt, hops, beer, wine, spirits, sugar, tea, coffee, tobacco anti snuff, corn, butter, cheese, currants and raisins, cotton, wool, silk, printed goods, hides and skins, paper, soap, candles and tallow, auctions, licenses, coals, glass, timber, bricks, &c. From the taxes laid on these articles, under the head of Customs and Excise, we raise the sum of forty millions annually, and from the Stamps, Assessed Taxes, and Post-office about fourteen millions more, making in the whole about fifty-four millions for the year 1830. All these taxes, or nearly all, are not directly drawn from the parties who are intended ultimately to pay them : they are first paid by the producer or vender, and he charges them, w ith s ome profit for hi s ou tl ay , to the consumer, whence they are called taxes on consumption. Now how is the producer to charge these taxes to the con sumer, unless he can add them to the natural price ? There is clearly no other way. But if he adds them to the natural price, his commodities will then be so much dearer than the same kind of articles produced on the Continent by all the difference be tween our taxation and that of other countries. The conse quence of this will be, that the Englishman cannot afford to take the same price in the common market of Europe which will compensate men of other countries; he must have more, or he must lose th e extra amount he has paid in taxes. He cannot get more in an open market, and therefore he is shut out altogether ; or he loses the amount of his taxes, in which case, the producer, and not the consumer, pays those taxes which are then erroneously called taxes on co nsum pti on . Perhaps you will sa y, " He has got the home market to him self, and in that be gets repaid his tax." If Government were to lay protecting duties on all the above commodities, and the preventive-service men were to exercise a vigilant scrutiny, we might probably succeed in keeping up such a price at home, in general, as would repay him ; but he is at all times liable to be injured in the extent of his trade by the successful issue of smuggling transactions ; to guard against which additional sums of money must be spent, which will render additional taxes necessary. We will suppose, however, that he could be protected from competition with foreigners in the home market, on all articles specially taxed ; what in the next place is to save him from that same competition in all other things? Men who pay taxes on corn, beer, clothing, &c., on ev er ythi ng , i n s h ort , w hi c h is needful for their support or comfort while engaged in pro ducing the various commodities by the sale of which they live, must charge for everything they produce a price as much higher than the natural price as that taxation which is peculiar to them amounts to. They must therefore be enabled to advance every commodity that can be offered for sale to a higher price than their conti nental rival, or they are not repaid in the same degree that he is. All competition must therefore be guarded against in the home market, in every kind of goods, or the Englishman has not justice done him. As this cannot be done, it follows that with a metallic currency he cannot escape suffering in the de gree in which he is taxed beyond these persons who are engaged in the production of commodities in other countries. But it will be said that there are some articles which the foreigner produces, and the Englishman cannot pretend to produce, such as wine, brandy, &c., and he is at least not liable to injury here ? 1 fear, however, that this fact also will militate against him. Whatever is imported for sale here ought to be paid for by the export of some other articles. The foreigner has a bill on England for the amount of his wine, which he wants to make the most of. If he buys English goods with it, he must pay so much more for them, as the taxation adds to natural price. He prefers going to a cheaper market, and con sequently receives gold for his bill, with which he can boy more goods in other countries than here. Heavy sacrifices are made by the Englishman to prevent this; and, especially after his gold has been carried away, his price lowers; for he has then to tempt the foreign purchaser, in order to get it back again, by the superior cheapness of our commodities compared with those of less taxed countries. In doing this he loses even more than the taxes which he has paid ; and that he loses these is the point which I have been proving. If this representation be true, it will follow that prices in a metallic currency cannot be maintained in England, for a continuance, higher than they arc in neighbouring countries, or than natural price warrants. By a desperate struggle for life or death, our productive classes have for a long time upheld them, in defiance of every disadvantage under which an unwise Go vernment has compelled them to labour; but prices still are gradually sinking, and must soon find their true level. For sixteen yearsf the productive classes have been paying the greater part of forty millions a year in taxes, which ought not to have been required of them ; taxes which should have fallen al together on the consumer ; and they still remain crushed to the earth by this terrible visitation upon them of a burden which they were never intended to bear, nor can bear much longer. Forty millions to be taken every year from the working classes, to I have stated the natural price of corn in silver or gold thus hypothetically because opinions differ on the subject of its actual amount. t This was written in la.?. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, JANUARY 1:3; 1f414. IRELAND. (From the Times.) COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. DUBLIN, JAN. 11.—This being the first day of the term, the Court of Queen's Bench was more than usually crowded from an early hour by persons anxious to witness the opening proceedings. A considerable number of ladies were present. Shortly before two o'clock Mr. Justice Burton entered the Court, and the swearing in of the city and county grand juries was proceeded with. There was a very full attendance of the gentlemen on both panels. CITY GRAND JURY. Mr. Francis Blake Knox, Foreman ; Messrs. William R. Box, Charles Carolin, Henry S. French, Vicars Boyle, Wm. Watson, Cuthbert Ec c l es , L uc i us 11. D eer i ng , RobertChem ley, Peter R. Clarke, John Campbell, William Deane, Joseph Henry, Thomas APEnery, William Andrews, Thomas Fot trell, John Molloy, Richard Wilson, Joseph Cassin, William R. Fayle, William Curry, jun., Fergus Farrell, and P. D. Hardy. COUNTY GRAND JURY. Mr. James Hans Hamilton, M.P., foreman ; Hon. A. F. Southwell, Sir Robert Shaw, Bart., Messrs. William Rath borne, Alexander Kirkpatrick, A. S. Hussey, Thomas R. Needham, Benedict Arthure, Richard Manders, C. Fitzsimon, Francis Savage, Arthur B. Crofton, John Brennan, Robert Alexander, Edward H. Casey, William Caldbeck, David Henry Sherrard, Charles Davis, Emanuel Bailey, Arthur Neville, William Worthington, Henry M'Manus, and Charles J. The thate lt e took Foreman ot that a t the opportunity p C p o o r u t n u t n y t tJury, mentioningaddressing t h o i s h e Court Lordship, that there was a feeling among the gentlemen of the jury that they ought to have the right of sitting in their box during term. Ile believed, however, that the right of occupying it during the State trial had been ceded to the Sheriff of the city. The High Sheriff for the County said, that he believed the City High-Sheriff had arranged that the box should be occupied by the press during the trial, but, in his opinion, the applica tion of the county grand jurors was a very reasonable one. Mr. Justice BURTON said, that he had a strong opinion on the matter himself; but it would be necessary for him, before giving any reply, to confer with his brethren on the subject. The Foreman of the City Grand Jury said that he had been requested to make a similar application to his Lordship on be half of the gentlemen acting on that jury.—(Laughter.) Mr. Justice BURTON replied, that in a few days a trial was to take place in that Court in which there was a special jury, to the accommodation of which the box in which the gentle men of the city grand jury sat was to be applied, and it would not therefore be possible that the grand jury could continue to occupy it. His Lordship then retired, and in a short time returned into Court, accompanied by Mr. Justice Crampton and Mr. Jus tice Perrin. Judge BURTON, addressing the gentlemen of the county grand jury, said that before he left the Court, the foreman had communicated to him the desire of the jury that there should be no interference with their right to come into their box when business made it necessary that they should appear in Court. He had been informed, that the High Sheriff for the city had allocated their box for the reporters of those journals in which what took place in Court wa s t o be published. He had con ferred with the Lord Chief Justice and the other members of the Court on the subject, and they were all of opinion that it was not only proper and expedient but indispensible, under the circumstances of the case, that there should be a place in that Court for the reporters of the public press, and they accord ingly felt what had been done for their accommodation by the High Sheriff was perfectly right. if the gentlemen of the grand jury, however, should have occasion, in the discharge of their business, to come into Court, every facility should be afforded them ; and in such an event the reporters could leave a portion of the;box for their accommodation. With regard to the other grand jury -box, the application far it by the city grand jury was a lt oge th er ou t of the question, because that would be the place occupied by the special jury who were to try the case. The matter then dropped, and the gentlemen of the grand juries returned to their rooms. THE STATE TRIALS—THE WITNESSES. Although there appears to be no longer any further occasion for the observance of secrecy with respect to the actual name of at least one of the parties suspected of having broached to the Government some of the secret doings at the Corn-Exchange, and who, it is now openly stated by the Repealers, will be pro duced as a very material witness at the approaching state trials; still, until the fact, should it prove to be such, is announced through some more authentic medium that that of mere public conversation, it would be manifestly improper to make any more distinct allusion to the matter. It may, however, be mentioned as the very general belief that the Executive has been put in possession by the suspected individual of some re markable documents, which, says report, may hereafter be pro. duced in evidence against the traversers. There seems to be an s S i m e t v e ' their h ; e f r o e r :hleatt opponentst a h f e t e verdict e all r cptpboGovernment what aboutit mt,abar the b i yt resultwn will, ll ,o itf imeanstshte be lieved, course they may adopt for the total suppression of the Repeal agitation ; and that some stringent measures with that object anxioustre cl e , st i r n iioaa n nls owise:inlluence Ministers with regard to what ulterior will be submitted to Parliament early in the ensuing session ap pears to be the opinion of all classes of politicians. THE PRESS. The following appears in the papers of this morning :—A special meeting of all the reporters of the Dublin newspaper press, and the correspondents of the London journals, was held on Wednesday evening, at No. 4, College-green, to take into consideration a subject of deep importance to them ip their professional capacity. The cause of the meeting and the pro ceedings, are embodied in the following resolution : " At a special meeting of all the reporters of the Dublin press, and the correspondents connected with the London journals, held on the 10th inst., at No. 4, College-green, the following resolution was unanimously adopted and signed by the respective individuals present : ‘" Resolved, that we, the reporters connected with the public press in Dublin, and the correspondents of the London journals, having been informed that several members of our body have been summoned to give evidence on the approaching State trials, touching certain proceedings of which they are supposed to have become cognizant in their professional capacity, we feel it incumbent on us to protest firmly against the principle involved in this proceeding ; and do declare our conviction that to compel reporters and correspondents of the public press to give evidence in the course of judicial proceed ings respecting matters which come under their observation exclusively in that capacity, would be attended with great public inCOAVelliCtlce, would embarrass us in the discharge of our THE CURRENCY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN, Dear Sir,—Your Correspondent, Mr. Pedie, has favoured us w ith an article on the Currency, exhibiting much industry, but, unfortunately, based upon erroneous principles. He assails a most mischievous institution, but does so upon utterly Wens• ble grounds. As the error is in principles, more than in details, and, a s the latter are v o l um i nous , I shall confine myself to one sentence, which is the key to Mr. Pedie's position. . . This gentleman, after comp ar i ng t h e average issue of the Bank of England, for th e th ree mont h s ending January, 1841, with the i , •sue in those ending January 184,3, and showing that the issue in the latter exceeded that of the former by five mil lions, proceeds thus :—" This expansion of the currency, it is clear, raised the money price of all commodities about 33 per cent. above those at which they stood for the three months ending with January 1841." Now if " all commodities" rose in price, of course land and the Government securities rose likewise. We cannot suppose that a merchant who, dealing in 500 articles, of each of which be possessed a thousand pounds' worth, found each 1,0001. sud denly raised to 1,3301., could find no alteration in the value of the sum he might have in the Three-and-a-Half per Cents. If corn is at a high price, land becomes more valuable, as the instrument by which corn is produced. If iron doubles in value, an iron mine fetches mere in the market. Now the capital possessed by the inhabitants of this country. if we include the funds, is probably little under 3,500 millions. 1 t may be objected that Consols are not a capital. Assuredly they are not national wealth ; but being in the na ture of a mortgage on the physical and mental energies of the population, they become a saleable capital to individuals. Mr. Pedie's proposition, then, taken rigidly, is, that a varia tion of five millions in currency makes an alteration of 1,155 millions in the value of our capital ! !—a disproportion between cause and effect with a vengeance !! ! However, we will deal gently and liberally with the proposi tion, and assuming a vastly smaller ratio of operation on land and funds than on other commodities, we will take the amount at only a fourth part, say roundly 288 millions—nay, let us throw in the odd 38 millions, and confine ourselves to the neat, compact little sum of 250 millions—and then ask the most desperate and credulous of theorists, whether it is pos sible for him to believe that a public company can, by the issue of five millions of notes, raise the value of our capital to the extent of 250 millions !! ! 11r. Pedie cannot be otherwise than honoured by compari son with a writer whose admirable virtues so well accord with her splendid and powerful talents—l allude to Miss Martineau. That lady, in one of her tales, intended to enforce and illus trate the doctrines of political economy, introduces a body of people in Siberia, who established a currency of mouse-skins, and the amiable authoress (being an unflinching believer in the potent action of a currency) finishes her account of a day's trading thus:— " By Ernest's help, and to her own utter astonishment, she" (the lucky original possessor of a mouse's skin, intrinsically worth one farthing) " presently found herself mistress of a perfect pair of pattens of the finest wickerwork, a large packet of tea which had just crossed the frontier, pepp er enough to last the winter, and a vigorous young reind e e r ! ! Your readers may possibly smile at this astounding specimen of the length to which a thorough theorist will go ; but as suredly Mr. Pedie beats the lady hollow ! The real truth is, that, with certain moderate allowances and reservations, prices are but little affected by variations in the currency. Effect has been confounded with cause. Trade is not brisk because currency is abundant ; but currency is abun dant because trade is brisk. If the transactions of a country are doubled, its currency must be increased ; if greatly diminished, paper goes back to its issuers. Bankers' issues are naturally governed by the de mand far their goods ; they may be eccasionally rather too facile in parting with their property, as the wine merchant dr draper is, but, as a general rule, the body trust, on the whole, only those who may reasonably be expe c t e d t o re p a y th em , an d who will not borrow, and pay interest on, more capital than they think they can advantageously employ. The fundamental " original sin," which lies at the base of all currency theories (of the usual school), is the mystification about a " standard of value." There is no such standard—if it means something which will always command the sane amount of those other things which men consider valuable. Did a pound weight of gold command the same number of pounds weight of iron, sugar, and flour, six months prier and six months subsequent to the battle of Waterloo? A circulating medium of any kind is merely an instrument of exchange—a kind of unit of comparison—a convenience, saving the trouble of barter—and such a convenience gill always lie created by the ingenuity of man. In one State leather, in another iron, in a third shells, in a fourth gold, in a fifth silver, in a sixth paper, has been used. It is a curious fact that the most abstract and philosophiCal view of the matter is taken by the negroes of Africa, who have an entirely ideal unit of comparison, called a " bar," and who exchange so many " bars" of tobacco for so many " bars" of ivory—so many " bars "of gold dust against so many " bars" of rum—so many " bars" of palm oil against so many bars" "of powder, &c. It would be a " c onsummation devoutly to be wished" if we could ship off our currency theorists to Caffraria. BEIRNIA RD. P. S. The wisest measure, in respect to the currency, would be that suggested (I believe) by some of your correspondents, viz., that Government should issue, by degrees, forty or fifty millions of State notes, receivable in payment of taxes. This would certainly drive in a considerable amount of our present paper (and release much gold for purposes of foreign com merce), but it would make the public independent of banking whims, and do away with all the stuff about " a metallic cur rency"—physically impossible, if even desirable, and dot to be desired, were it otherwise. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sir,—Since writing my observations on Mr. Pedie's first letter, I have seen, but not had time to peruse his second ; if I find anything requiring further observation I will trouble you with a few lines. I now address you chiefly to notice some observations of " Germanicus" on my last. It is scarcely necessary to say more than that he offers no proof that paper was depreciated, nor even a shadow of argu ment. Supposing we were to concede all he assumes, as to variation of relation between gold and paper, it would not in validate my obsery at ion that the change of ratio was occasioned, not by diminished value of paper, but enhanced value of gold ( which was in great demand to pay a million of soldiers of dif ferent nations under arms during the late war). If a banker who issued a hundred thousand pounds worth of notes were required to withdraw them when gold was at an ad vanced price, his property might be diminished by the netts• sity of buying the gold, but each note, instead of being depre ciated, would (as 1 have observed in a prior communication) be enhanced, because by its exchange fer gold every holder would be put in the command of more sugar, iron, &c., that he could have commanded when he took the note. As to Parliament preventing the depreciation of paper, the job would be by no means harder, nor a whit less difficult, than the same body regulating the quantity of sunshine which should fall on each acre of land in the country. Parliament may enact that a turnip shall be of equal value to a pine -apple —and when after such an enactment we find the holder of a pine-apple exchange it for a turnip, I will concede the whole question of depreciation to " Germanicus."—Always yours, BEI RN IA RD. PRESENTATION OF THE HUMANE SOCIETY'S MIDAL TO A FRENCH SAILOR. Yesterday a deputation from the Humane Society, consisting of Sir E. Codrington, Captain Codrington, M.P., Mr. Hawes, M.P., &c., presented to Jean J. Gasvert, a sailor on board the French frigate Cuvier, lying off Blackwall, a silver medal, for having, at the risk of his own life, saved a gentleman of the name of Turner from drowning on Christman-eve. The gentleman had fallen into the river from Blackwall-pier. 11. G. WARD, ESQ., M.P.—We are rejoiced to learn that our able representative Mr. Ward, in a letter to Mr. Alderman Dunn, has arranged to meet his constituents in Shef field, on Monday, the 22d instant. PREACIIRRSIIIP OF LINCOLN ' S - INN.—Yesterdaythe Rev. J. S. Anderson, M.A., incumbent of Trinity Church, Brighton, and chaplain to the Queen Dowager, was elected Preacher of Lincoln's Inn, vice the Rev. Dr. Loasdale, pro motet' to the see of Lichfield. A grand Masonic ball will be given next week in aid of " The Aged Masons' Asylum." The proceeds are set apart entirely for this charitable purpose, and, we have no doubt, the " brethren " will, as usual, show their liberality on the oc casion. ENCROACHMENT OF TUB SEA.—In consequence of several falls of the cliff at Black-rock, the eastern extremity of Brighton, the carriage road is considered dangerous, and a new road is now forming, nearly fitly feet more inland, which makes the third road made within the last twenty-fire years. One has been completely washed away, and the second is now on the very brink of the cliff. Formerly cricket matches were played by the Brightonians, on a green in front of the Aberga. venny Arms Inn, which must now be occupied by the carriage road. FLUENCY OF THE FAIR ►SEx.—Mr Yearsley, speaking of the causes, varieties, &c., of stammering, observes, " It is of rare occurrence in the female sex, the proportion of female cases being not more than seven per cent !" Married men, we opine, have long been aware of this " great fact." When the late John Kemble was one day passing along Cheapside, he was met by two chimney-sweepo, the younger one accosted the elder one thus—" I say, Bill, there goes a player man." " Oh, don't insult him, Jack," said the other; "no one knows what anybody may come to." REFINEMENT.—In Dresden, a little ragged child was heard to call from the window of a mean house, to her op. posite neighbour—" Please Mrs. Muller, mother solids her best compliments, and, if it's fine weather, would you go a begging with her to-morrow !" MANCHESTER UNION HOSPITAL.—The Senate of the University of London has recently recopised Cer tificates of Attendance on the Medical Practice and Cli nical Lectures of the Manchester Union Hospital.— Medical Gazette. On the last Sunday in the old year, as the governor of the Bingham Union Poorhouse was escorting th© inmates to the parish church, which has been the custom ever since the formation of the union, a number of the paupers withdrew from the procession, and entered the Primitive Methodist Chapel ; for this the homagistratesdiscipline,fonthe 4th instant, the governor brought when the rtoughtthembefore Bench p d r e c i v i i d l e e d g e in favour allowing th f ey th t e h m oug th h e t rk w attend what ofthe p au lo p ceo prs f e w-o , rship W proper, so as they returned i n the proper Imo the to 0 00 h t o a u t s t e e . ndi On eg chapel in the morning, the esleyan Sunday last, they embra ced the priri jegrndtho Primitive Methodist chapel in the afternoon.— Nottingham Review. While fishing for pike in the river Till and on oa T nTc h re u u r nt S oit : day week, weight n J e o hns specimeni Carr, an d E a o s h q c . 1, sea e o pa f o uHu trouts d e s d g a o l oc e ri y r , csua hooked imrnst killed Marina a, usual at this season of the year,—Newcastle Advertiser. i' l a ' compensate for errors in legislation not eommitted by them, but by their rulers, besides the greater part of 14 millions more for stamps and postages, houses and windows, the whole of which ought to be paid by the rich, or by those who are above want, ac cording to their respective means, is an impost of such magni tude, to be made without reason on men who are wholly unprepared to meet and unable to bear it, as cannot fail to ex cite feelings, not merely of discontent in those whom it affects, but of indignation in every liberal mind. It came suddenly upon the people, and such was their con. sternr.tion at the time, such their perpetual harass of mind ever since to be able to stand their ground, that they have not yet had leisure to inquire how, or why, or by whose fault, they are thus overwhelmed with difficulties which thicken as the years roll on. In the interim, they are told by those public writers and public speakers who profess to be their friends, that all is going on right. " Wait a lit t l e l onger (they say), and we will get the taxes repealed which oppress you." But if a mistake has been committed, if those taxes ought not to fall up on t h em at all, why should they wait a day ? Why should they not petition at once that these taxes should be charged as before to the con sumers of commodities? If Government will not furnish the means of carrying them to their destination by an issue of paper money, they can, at all events, commute them for a pro perty tax, and so relieve the producer. But whatever is dotro should be done quickly, for thousands of lives are lost while we hesitate. N t