The Sun. — London, England, 1839-11-16 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. r r!lr PAY) c o v DEN. The supplies of all kinds season were good. Dutch Grapes were very plentiful at 10d. per lb. ; Mushrooms are going out. Vegetables of all kinds were very abundant for the s eason. Trade was not very good, and prices were much the same as those of last week. Pine Apples, is. to 15 s. and 21s. ,• Foreign Grapes, 10d. per lb. ; Plants 91 . per dozen ; Celery 6d. to Is. per bundle ; Onicns Is. 3d. Per sieve ; Carrots 4s. per dozen bunches ; Brocoli 4d. to Is. per bundle ; Turnips I id. per bunch ; Oranges ss. to 10s. per 100 ; Lemons 65. to 10s. per 100 ; Apples 2s. 6d. to is. per bushel ; Cucumbers 2s. 6d. to 5, per brace ; Cabbages 6d. per dozen ; Spinach ls. per sieve ; French Beans 4s. per 100 ; New Potatoes Id per lb. NEWGATE AND LEADENHALL MARKETS. Town and country killed Meat were in large supply, but the demand was languid, and prices the same as those last quoted, the quality unexceptionable. Beef, 2s. Bd. to 3s. 6d. ; .Mut ton, 2s 10d. to 3s. 6d. ; Veal, 3s. 6d. to 4s. Bd. ; Pork, 3s. 6d. to 4s. 6d. ; Irish, 3s. to 35.:4d. Game and Poultry in very large supply, but the demand was languid for all kinds. Geese, 3s. to ss. 6d. ; Rabbits, Is. to Is. 6d. ; Wild Ducks, Is. 3d. to 2s. ; Ducks, Is. 6d. to 2s. 3d. ; Gold Plovers, 6d. to Is. ; Hares4s. 6d. to 3s. 6d. ; Black Game, 3s. to 4s. ; Pheasants, 3s. to 4s. ; Widgeons, 9d. to Is. 6d. ; Snipes, 3d. to 9d. ; Pigeons, 3d to 6d. ; Turkeys, 4s. to 10s.; Chickens, Is. to Is. 9d. ; Fowls, 2s. to 2s. 6d.: Eggs, 6s. 6d. to 10s. per 120. WHITECHAPEL MEAT MARKET. There was a large supply of town-killed Meat ; that of coun try-was rather better than usual. The demand was trifling, and prices did not vary. Beef 2s. Bd. to 3s. 4d. ; Mutton, 2s. Bd. to 3s. 10d. ; Veal, 3s. 4d. to 6d. ; Pork 3s. to 4s.Bd. CITY FISH AIARKET. The supplies were moderate, and prices were without any im portant variation. Trade tolerably good. Turbot 7s. to 255. ; Cod 4s. to 20s. ; Lobsters 10d. to 3s. 6d. ; Soles 9d. to 3s. per pair ; Oysters I2s. to 40s. per bushel ; Whitings 4d. to tid. ; and Haddocks 10d.. to 2s. 6d. HAY MARKETS. There were good supplies, and tolerably fair demand ; prices much as before. Hay, 60s. to 955. ; Clover, 80s. to I2os. ; Straw. 32:. to 40s per load. HUSi GERI ORD MARKET. There were fair supplies at market of most kinds, and toler ably good business done—prices steady. Turbot Bs. to 255. ; Cod 4s. to 20s. ; Good Salmon is. 6d. to 2s. per pound ; and Lobsters 10d. to 4e. ; Butcher's Meat in languid demand, but prices steady. Beef 7d. to Sid. ; Mutton 7 d. to Bd. per pound ; Vegetables were very fresh and good, and the demand Was lively at steady pric:s. FRUIT MARKET. There was a good demand for all descriptions of new Fruit, and prices high, but expocted to be lower. Valencia Raisins guoted at 445.; Muscatells, 50s. to 100 s. ; Red Srayrnas, 40s. ; Twrkey pulled Figs, 755. to 100 s. ; and Currants, 775. to 80s. MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS. CITY, TWELVE O'CLOCK. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, Nov. 15.—The check to business which we noticed in our last circular, conse quent on the accounts received by the Liverpool, lasted only with the week ; confidence was again restored on Monday, and we have had daily this week an increased extent of business doing, with an imprDving market for A, - ncrican descriptions, in which a good deal has been done. on speculation, upwards of 4,000 bags being taken yestc►•day, the day's transactions being estimated at 9,000 bags of all kinds. For the middling and lower qualities an advance of 4d. per lb. has been obtained, all other qualities of American are rather dearer. To day there has been a scanty supply in the market com pared with the extent of demand, and although a good 'amount of business is done, the high prices have pre vented the trade from buying more freely. The sales are again 5,000 bales of all kinds ; speculators have taken 7,000 bales of American and 100 Surat, and ex porters 800 bales of American and 50 Bengal. The New York packet ship Garrick has arrived from New York, bringing papers to the 25th October. Exchange from New York 9 to 9i, United States' Bank Shares 78i to 79, United States' Post-notes 4 to 3 premium per month. THE FUNDS. We have two arrivals this morning of some impor tance, particularly that from India by the overland ex press, bringing the favourable result of the campaign in Affghanistan, in consequence of which the army from Cabul was on its return to Hindostan. The arrival from New York brings an account of an important meeting of merchants there to avert the threatening storm which hangs over them at present, in consequence of which they have voted several reso lutions. Console opened this morning at the leaving off prices of yesterday, 001 -8 for Money, and 90 , a 1 for the Ac count. The Foreign Exchanges yesterday were much the same as last post day, with the exception of that on Amsterdam, which was lower. Exchequer Bills, 2 dis. par ; Bank Stock 178; 1791 ; India Stock, 2501 2511. In the Foreign Market little doing as yet, Spanish Active, rather lower, 271 1 ; Portuguese 321 1 ; Bra zilian, 72:4 73i ; Colombian, 301 31-1 ; Mexican, 291 301 ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents. , 51 1 52 ; Five per Cents., 971 981. PRICES OF STOCK , THIS DAY AT ONE O'CL6'CR. Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. ..« ........... Sli.% ',ii. Ditto Bonds 6 3 dis , per Cent. Cons. 90 588 % Scuth Sea Stock . ' 4 si per Cent. .... Ditto Red. 97% % New Ditto New 314 per Cent ''S%% ; 3 per Cent. Annuities, 17a 1 New 5 per Cent. Bank Long Annuities toexpi re ' Ditto 500 ~ ... par Jan. 5, 1800 13% 9-16 . Ditto Small •• • • 1 pm. Oct. 10, 1859 Jan. 5, ISOO - Ditto Advertised ..... Jan. 5, ISSO —l Bank Stock for Account ... ~ P ril 5 1884 .. Iddia Stock for Account ... ' ja ‘'. 5.1870 — Consos for Account 90%t.j% Artly . --ES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE 0-CLOt i, . i.x 4 .'strlan Bonds Peruvian Bonds 1754 Beigian Bonds Ottto Account Bra.'•dian Bonds Ditto Account .... ........ 72 , ,'e 34 3 Ditto Acc•un * — Bueno.v Ayr. , Bonds Ditto Acct.unt ......... ..... —; Ditto Account Chili au Bonds ......... ...... ... ' Prussian Bonds — Utto Account— Russian Bonds, 1822 —.— Ditto Account Columbian Bon& — Ditto Metallic Di tto Account C o l um bi a n Bonds, 1t724 — Spanish Bonds 2u % 714 31 :AIX 1 Ditto Account. 27% ti% 7!i% Ditt o Account mish Bonds ... ............... Passive D. Def . , rred 1 "4% Ditto Account (3re,"4 Bonds — French, 5 per cent. —f. —c. . --- 4 per cent ,`o Bonds, iii 4 ., Account - 3 per cent MexPtat' Bonds, 5 per Cent. --- Exchange. —l, --r. Ditto Account — Dutch, 2% per cent 52 1% Yg Ditto, ‘ i ver Cent. ... ...... Ditto Account 51% Ditto Aocount — Ditto, 5 per cent ...... ..... NiNnolitan. — Ditto Acce,unt........ ..... .iticE,S OF SHAREs THIS DA ,' AT ONE O'CLOCK. Paid. Per Share. l aneon and B:rmiagbara Rail say Ccrrnpany ... 90 142 British North A merican Bank 2 ”1 COUI:SE OF EXCHANGE, YESTERDAY. Amsterdam ..............C.k. 12 tihi: .iihraitar 4B „ I) Itto, at sight . ttotterdam... ............. U 12 6 Genoa. . A.ntwerr,.., ............ ..., .. 12 6%i, Milan.„ .. 31 Hamburg. . .......,141, 13 13 ' Venice :3 1:1! na i Naples • P - arl s 3 days' sight .... ... Ditto.., .... ...........3 Ms. 25 7,. , I Lisbon 51% Harseilis , • a 54 ourdoaux 1 7 rank fort on Maine, Ex.M. 151% I Eabi^ O7 I" etersbuigt, , ruble... 3 Us. 39 I Buenos Ayres Heflin ..... . ........ . ......... 7 0 'New York, 21 days' sight Vieana effective ......... 10 7 1 Philadelphia 46 PRICE OF BULLION, per OZ. Tricite t ditto' ........... ... 10 6 itzdrld ............. 26% ( Portugal (1011, c0in....-.ZO 0 0 Cadiz. .. Bilb oa .... ,„, ......... 56 New Doubloons Barcelona . ...... ........ 36 New Dollars 0 4 10% Seville •36 Silver in Bars CITY, HALF-PAS 7 ONE. We have seen a vrivAte letter from New York, re ceived thi s morning by the. Garrick, which states that the banks of that city rather than suspend specie pay merits until legalized by the Legislature of that State, who d o not meet until December, are bent on sacrificing every commercial establishment in that city ; but this ti:easure in the end must eventually end in their own r e i n. . Money was worth 41 to 5 per cent. per month, Whi c h 110 community on earth could withstand. I n I niladelphia things were easier , a nd money, worth only ii. t o I i per s ent. per month. Busine ss was ge nerally at a stall. We have. received Demerara Papers to the 26th of September :- "" GOVERNOR LIGHT'S SPE ECH. EXTRAC . 1 ' O F The state oi.' the Colonial Treasury , p roves there is no di m i n ution o, The fi e sucial prosperity, there bein g at Present upwards of 70,0001. in the Colonial chest. of which about twenty thou are payments in liqui thoudation of tenlers for' the :edemption of paper cur rency, whilst the greater portion of the taxes connected with property are yet unpaid. I have r ece i ve d pe titi o ns on the want of specie for c.,rculation ; t h e m fault does not rest with the Court, ated the withdrawal of . ino• circulating medium. the exist which never contemplated If there is a want of s p ecies the fe ult is with the contractors. This Court will not be justified in allowing a single dollar to be re-issued till the period ,expires limiting the lawful tender of the Govern ment flees. " The S.lession will, I trust, be of s h or t d ura ti on , the .re port of the Com missioners to carr y into effect the provi sions for the maintenance of the poor will be laid before you." A Journal rerearks, his Excellency has not the man liness to own the e xistence of the crisis, acknowledg ed by every other man in t he colony, or yet the hardihood, openly to deny it. • The private information from the United States thi s I morning, is far from being of a consoling nature. ' in the early part of the morning, Consols receded from 90i 1 to 901 1 for the Accoun t ; for Money, also 1 fr om 90i to 90t, since which they have resumed 90-g- their former prices, and may be q uoted at present, ; Account, Money , 90 ; Exchequer Bills par, 2 dis count ; India Bonds, 6 3 dis. ; Bank Stock, 1781 ; Indi a , 250 1. In the Foreign Market Spanish Active receded to 26. 1, since which it may be quoted at 27-1 i ; Portu guese reached 33, at present they are 321 ; Three per ~,,Cents 221 ; Colombian 301 ; Brazilian 7 3 ; Dutch iWo.and-a-Half per Cents. 514 ; Spanish Passive 7. Th e aboVe Market is heavy, and most of the Foreign Ponds have receded s ince the early part of the morning. MATcH.—A quoit match took place on Thurs daY, on a field at Green M ill, near Darvel, betwixt twenty players of the Ayrshire and twenty players of th e Lanarkshire Clubs, for one hundred pounds a si de. Both parties appeared to be in excellent spirits, and anxious for the set-to. The game e xcited great in terest, and numerous spectators from Glasgow, Greenock, Kilmarnock, and many towns in Ayrshire, were on the spot. L or d K e lburne, M.P., who the L anarkshire players, and Mr shire. 4er of Bal. a lc‘s, present , backed l • Al exan, myle, we understand, the Ayrshire. After a . 1 :" 0 attest, in which excellent play was exhibited, the vie- ory was declared for Ayrshire by ' • a majority of 103 i shots.—Glasgow Courier. R9LLS' COURT -(TITTS DAY.) I CULLINGWoRTH V. LLOYD. Mr. Sutton Sharpe, and Mr. Mylne, who appeared with Mr. Richards for the defendants, were heard this morning in support of their case. Upon the question of the legality of the transaction, as regarded the agree ment between the Messrs. Lloyd and the plaintiff, a case of " Greenwood v. Ledbitter," 12th Price, 183, was quoted, in which it was decided that a creditor who had agreed with his debtor by parole, to take part of a debt as a composition for his whole demand, and had actually received money from the debtor in part pay ment of the composition, was not thereby bound, but might still proceed for his whole demand, unless it could be shown he had, by entertaining an agreement and taking a composition, induced some other creditor also to compound with the debtor, so that a subsequent proceeding for the whole amount of his debt might be considered a fraud on such debt. The Learned Counsel contended that although Messrs. Lloyds had received 6001. in part payment of their debt, yet they had stipulated that that payment was to be without any prejudice whatever to their realising their security, and that the defendants had expressly re fused to sign the deed of composition, which refusal was a notice to all the other creditors that they did not agree to the terms of the instrument, and they had not attended any general meeting of the creditors. There fore there had been no moral or legal fraud committed on the part of Messrs. Lloyd. Upon the question of value, they submitted that the conduct of the plaintiff himself, in not interfering or filing his bill till 1835, fully proved that he himself must have thought the property was sold for its full value in 1832. The case was proceeding when we went to press. QUEEN'S BEN CH.-(THIS I)AY.) THE REGISTRATION ACT.-THE QUEEN V. PRICE. This was an indictment against the defendant, Ben jamin Price, of High-street, Birmingham, for wilfully and contemptuously disobeying the provisions of the Act 6th and 7th Will. IV., chap. 86, by refusing to furnish George Pynner, the registrar of the district of St. Peter's, in which ho (the defendant) resided, with the date and other particulars of the birth of his child. There was a verdict for the Crown, subject to the opinion of the Court of Queen's Bench. The questions for the Court were—first, whether there was sufficient evidence that George Pynner was the registrar of the district, legally appointed under the provisions of the Act ? and, second, whether the indictment was sus tainable ? The ATTORIqEY-GENERAL, on behalf of the Crown, said the question was one of very great importance, and he was gratified that it had come before their Lordships to be solemnly decided before that high tribunal. The first question was, whether the Act required that in formation should be given, or left it optional with the party. Now ha contended that the Act was man datory and not permissive, and that a refusal to give the information rendered a party liable to an indictment. It was contended that the words " every birth which has not'been already registered," left it optional with the party to register only with the parish clergyman, but if that were the case it would utterly defeat the objects of the Act of Parliament. The register of the parish clergyman was not a register of births and deaths, but of baptisms and burials. The Learned Counsel then proceeded at some length to go through the provisions of the various sections of the Act, pointing out in what manner they applied to the present case. He then cited several authorities to show what the penal consequences were of contemptuously refusing to obey the provisions of au Act of Parliament, and concluded by submitting that the judgment of the Court must be for the Crown. Sir F.POILOCK, on the other side, said he would con tend that the Act was intended to apply merely to those who were desirous of availing themselves of its provi sions ; secondly, that the Act was not mandatory ; thirdly, that the indictment did not support such a cri minal charge as could have been mule under the Act of Parliament ; and fourthly, that the indictment did not set forth any offence which was a crime under the Act of Parliament. The Act merely recited that it was expe. client to provide the means of procuring a❑ accurate register of births, deaths, and marriages, and was in tended to carry out more largely for other persons the means which the existing statutes on the subject did not afford. That appeared to him a correct statement of the preamble of the Registration Act, which referred to the .52d Geo. 111., chap. 146, and although that Act origi nally contained a penalty of transportation— Lord DENMAN—That Act has been very often re ferred to. One half the penalty was to go to the in former and the other to the offender.—(A laugh.) Sir F. PoLLocx said that and every other penalty had been removed from the original Act, of which the present could merely be considered an amendment. The Learned Gentleman was proceeding with his argument, when Lord DENMAN said the Court was obliged to rise to meet the other Judges in the Exchequer Chamber, but would hear the remainder of the Learned Gen tleman's arguments on Monday. COMMON PLEAS.-(THIS DAY.) SOUTHAMPTON DOCKS COMPANY V. RICHARDS. Mr. WATSON moved, on the part of the defendant, that the trial of this cause be postponed till the sit tings of the Hilary Term, on account of the absence of a material witness. The action was one for calls brought by the Company against a shareholder. The case had been before Mr. Justice Maule, at Chambers, and he thought it was similar to an undefended bill of exchange case, where the defendant's object was only delay. But to show that the application was bona fide the defendant was willing to pay into Court the sum sued for. The defendant's affidavit was, that he had been induced to join the scheme by misrepresentations, and that Parliament had been induced to pass the Act by such misrepresentations. Mr. Justice MAULE—They say the Act is void perhaps. Mr. WATSON—NO, my Lords ; for I should say that if Parliament has been deceived, Parliament must remedy their error. Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—What is the plea? Mr. WATSON—Never indebted, my Lord. It is the general form of declaration. The Aet provides that in an action for calls, it shall be sufficient for the party to be declared a shareholder, and indebted in so many calls ; and that a certain book, which is kept to register the shareholder's names, shall be prima facie evidence that each person so registered is a shareholder. Important questions, therefore, might arise. He then went on to state that the late solicitor of the Company was the material witness, he having said that he thought no calls should be enforced, and that he was now absent from the country. Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—Was he an original subscriber ? Mr. WATSON—Yes, my Lord ; but he says he was deceived by misrepresentations—that there is not a bona fide intention to complete the project. Mr. Justice MAttLE—He does not even declare his belief, that it is not the intention of the Company to carry the plan into operation ; but he says it is not a bona fide intention, Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—If not bona fide, why did he join it ? Mr. WATSON—He was deceived by misrepresenta tions, my Lord. Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—He was told, I sup pose, that it would be a very profitable thing. Mr. WATSON—He says he believes the Company is merely for the personal benefit of individuals. Lord Chief Justice TvrinAL—Why, half the Com panies formed were for the personal benefit of indivi duals. Mr. Justice MAULE—He does not deny that it is meant to build these docks. Mr. WATSON—He believes it is merely intended to put shares in the market, and profit by their risings and fallings. Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—WeII, he must look sharper, next time, before he joins a speculation. Mr. W ATSON—I will gi ve hi m b e tt er advice still — nev er to join one at all.—(Laughter.) Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—Ah, I think you're r i g ht. (Loud laughter.) Mr. WATSON — Defendant says that this witness (the Solicitor) had declared that calls ought not to be en forced ; and that it would be unsafe to go to trial with out the evidence which he could furnish ; further, that he would not return before Hilary Term. Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—What is the amount of the calls ? Mr. WATSON-21. 10s. on 40 shares -100.. Lord Chief Justice TYNDAL—I think you had better pay that, and try the ques ti o n on the next ca ll. W e cannot see our way clearly enough to grant your ap plication. The Court rose at Twelve o'Clock._ EXCHEQUE - 11 COUIiY:--THIS DAY (Sittings in Banco.) MARKS V. BENJAMIN. This was an action for penalties under the statute the 26 Geo. 2, chap. 36, section 2, for keeping a bonze for public dancing and mus i c without l i cence ; it was tried before the Lord Chi e f B aron at the s i tt i ngs i n London, after last term, when the Jury found for the defendant. In the early part of the term, a rule nisi for a new trial was obtained by Mr. Humfrey and it now came on for discussion. The Learned JUDGE read over his notes of the trial, from which it appeared that the defendant was the pro prietor of Howard's Coffee House in St. Jaynes'-place, Aldgate, in which there was a large room, which he jet out to parties for balls and marriage feasts, at which were both music and dancing. It was further proved that at the balls, money was taken at the door, not by the defendant, but by and for the benefit of the person hiring the room. Liquors were served to the parties by the defendant, but it was not shown that he was --,re of money being demanded from strangers goin g in. T - - , vis now slowed cause against the rul e . of Clark v Serie s Ist Espinass,3 Mr. J,. After citing the case.. 25. Archer v. Willingford, and Ellis v. Peed, he con. CO, Vit H 111.•! •H T cases showed that the party sued for penalties must be proved to have kept his house or room for the pur poses of public dancing and public music, which was not proved in this case. He kept the room and let it to parties, who had entertainments, either for their own benefit or for entertaining their friends upon some festive occasion. There was no keeping of the room for the purposes of 'dancing ; it was sometimes let out and so employed, and the party taking the room had taken money for the admission of strangers, in order to cover part of the expense they were put to. The roam was used temporardy for the purposes of music and dancing, merely in the same manner as was done in the London Tavern, where one of their friends might give a ball, not having a r).)in large enough at their own house. The London Tavern had no licence fo r mus i c an d d a ncing, yet would any one say it was a disorderly house under such circumstances ? He apprehended their Lordships would discharge the rule. Mr. HUMFREY, in support of the rule, contended that the defendant being the keeper of the house in which concerts, masquerades, and balls were held, and to which any person decently dressed were admitted on the payment of money, came clearly under the provi sions of the Act of Parliament, and was liable to the penalties. The LORD CHIEF BARON remembered being at a benefit of Madame Mara's, in a very eminent house in London. Could it be said that the lady who upon that occasion lent her house for the purpose, kept it for the purpose of public music ? Mr. HUMFREY—If it could be shown to a Jury that a nobleman or gentleman, being a wine merchant, and giving up his house once or twice a week for the pur poses of a concert or dancing, getting the benefit of the consumption of his wine, he apprehended the Jury would have little difficulty in finding that he kept the house for the purpose of music and dancing. That was the state of facts in that case. The defendant was the keeper of a public-house, for the management of which he was liable—he must be supposed to know what goes on in it, and it ought to have been left to the Jury to say whether he did not keep the room for the purpose of music and dancing. The COURT were of opinion that there was some evi dence to go to the Jury, but suggested that it would be as well, and all the ends of justice would be answered, by letting the ease stop there. Mr. HUMFREY had no authority to consent, in the absence of his client.—Rule absolute. EXCHEQUER CHAMBER. (THIS DAY). (Sittings at Nisi Prius, before Mr. Baron ANDERSON.) HAMPTON V. CROSS. Mr. Kelly and Mr. Carrington were for the plaintiff, Mr. Thesiger and Mr. Butt for the defendant. Mr. KELLY said the plaintiff in this case was the proprietor of a balloon, and the defendant was the pro prietor of the Surrey Zoological Gardens. The action was brought to recover damages for a breach of con tract, entered into under the circumstances detailed in the following evidence :—The defendant pleaded that there was an agreement in writing—that he was justified in refusing to permit the ascent, because the balloon was defective ; and that balloons were a mischievous and per nicious invention, because they could not go up without danger to the person, nor come down without damage to public property. Mr. Baron ALDERSON—They say they cannot come down without injuring property. Several persons have come down in the sea.—( Laughter.) Samuel Grenville Fletcher deposed—About the latter end of March, 1838, I went to the Surrey Zoological Gardens, and saw Mr. Cross, with whom I re quested an interview on behalf of Mr. Hampton, respecting one or more ascents with his balloon. Mr. Cross referred me to Mr. Tyler as the Manager of the Gardens, with whom I might negotiate. I went to Mr. Tyler, and told him I waited on him on behalf of Mr. Hampton, who had constructed a new and magnificent balloon, and was desirous of making his ascent from public gardens for notoriety. Mr. Tyler said he was anxious to encourage this sort of thing, for the Gardens were noted for balloon ascents, but that he could not entertain it for some time, and another interview was appointed. In April I again saw Mr. Tyler, and stated to him that the balloon was building at the Mel ton Arms, where he might inspect it, which he promised to do. I said we had then better come to terms as to one or more ascents, supposing, upon inspection, that Mr. Tyler found everything according to his wishes, as Mr. Hampton was desirous of ascending on Whit- Monday, or Tuesday. Mr. Tyler said he'usually gave Mr. Green 301., and Mrs. Graham 251., and in conse quence of this being a new balloon, and the novelty of the occasion, he would pay 301. for each ascent on Whit-Monday and Whit-Tuesday. I after wards met Mr. Tyler at the Melton Arms, who expressed himself perfectly satisfied with the construction of the balloon, and the same terms were again men tioned by me, and agreed to by Mr. Tyler. It was also arranged that Mr. Cross should supply the gas. Mr. Tyler requested me to call at the gardens, in order to satisfy Mr. Cross that the arrangement was finally made, and said that he should require me to give an undertaking on the part of Mr. HaMpton to be re s p ons ibl e . Thi s I agree d to do, and called at the gardens, where I signed a paper, merely as a matter of form, without reading it. I heard nothing more as to • the balloon not going up until the receipt of a letter, dated the 26th May, i n which Mr. Tyler stated, that after the unfortunat e cir cumstance which had occurred on the preceding Thurs day, Mr. Cross was determined to have no more balloo n ascents from the gardens. Several other witnesses were called to prove that the balloon was in a proper state. A witness named Chambers who proved the refusal of Mr. Cross to admit the balloon into the gardens, said that he had sent the balloon up since several times. He had the management. of it on the ground. Mr. Baron ALDERSON—He is the ground aero naut.—(Laughter.) Mr. THESIGER then addressed the Jury for the defendant. He said he should ho able to prove that the plaintiff was not entitled to the damages which he sought to recover, and that the only agreement between the parties was, that which was made in writing, at the Melton Arms, on the 16th May, and not at the Gardens, as stated on the other side, which at the time was read over clause by clause. It was to the following effect :—" Memorandum cf agree ment between Edward Cross, of the Royal Surrey Zoo logical Gardens, and Grenville Fletcher, on behalf of the gentleman connected with the balloon. Mr. Fletcher engages that Mr. Hampton shall make two ascents, on the 4th Wand the sth of June, 1838, with the new balloon constructed by him, from the Royal Zoological Gardens, for which ascents he is to receive the sum of 601., should the attraction be equal to what may be expected ; if the reverse, 50/. ; all ex penses of filling the balloon to be defrayed by Mr. Cross. And in the event of only one ascent being prac ticable from injury, to receive 30/. And should the weather be so unfavourable on the days named as to render the ascents impracticable, they shall take place within ten days after the date originally fixed. Mr. Fletcher hereby binds himself on his own behalf, and the gentleman concerned with him, to have the balloon on the ground in a fit and proper state on the 3d of June, 1838, under the penalty of 1001. for such failure, the said sum to be recoverable in any of her Majesty's Courts of law." This agreement was signed by Mr. Fletcher and Mr. Hampton. A few days before the time fixed for the ascent of Mr. Hampton, a failure took place in the ascent of the Montgolfier balloon, and a riot ensued, in conse quence of which Mr. Cross determined at that time not to allow any further ascents until the public feeling should have subsided, and this was intimated to Mr. Hampton, who could not have sustained any injury. He should also prove that the balloon did not corre spond with the representations made as to its size, and that it was not in a proper state at the time of the intended ascent. In addition to this evidence, he would submit that the plaintiff could not recover on such a contract as this, because the experiment was a useless and hazardous one, such as the law would not sanction, and the Court therefore could not enforce. After witnesses had been examined in support of the statement of the Learned Gentleman, Mr. Kelly re plied, and his Lordship then summed up the case to the Jury. The Jury had not returned a verdict when we went to press. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.-(THIS DAY. DEAL, Nov. 15.—Wind S. S. W.—Fresh.—Arrived the Bromley's, Knox, from New York ; Aibion, Whitney, Quebec ; Thetis, ditto ; and Cleopatra, Demerara. LIVERPOOL, Nov. 15 —Wind S. S. E.—Arrived the Hibernia, Cobb, from New York ; Susquehannah, Phila delphia ; and Mary, Morton, Quebec. Off port the Mary, from Monte Video ; Harriet and Jessie. Charles ton ; Garrick, New York—sailed 25th ult. ; York, St. John's, New Brunswick ; Ruby, ditto ; Glengarry, ditto; Thesis, ditto ; Agnes, ditto; Wave, Samuel, Wolfscove ; Phoebe ; Erin, Bradshaw • Marquis of Bute, Ward; Re solution and Ganges, Quebec ; Intrepid, Richibucto ; Sultana, Prince Edwards Island ; Capricorn, Savanella ; Maddison, Virginia ; and Majestic, Africa. MARGATE, Nov. 1 5.—Off port the Pomona, Penny, from Rio Grande. CREEK, Nov. 15 . — Arrived the Fanny a' Gamquez, Frelk, from Cephalonia; Dextrous, Proom, Marsala; Apollo, Barbiere, Alten ; Totnes, King, Malaga. DOVER, Nov. 15.—Off port the Albert, Moon, Quebec. BEECIIY HEAD, Nov. 1 4.—Off port the I'aulina, Hoffman, from Batavia; Lagoda, Foster, Virginia. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 15.—Wind S. S. E.—Arrived the Vittoria, Simpson, from Quebec. COWES, Nov. 15.—Arrived the Orion, Mattheson, from Rio Janeiro; Juan, Guosso, Havannc, leaky, and with rudder damaged, &c. ; John and William, Howard, Halifax. Count Bathyany has left Mivart's Hotel for Melton Mowbray, where the Count intends to pass the hunting season. THE SUN, LONDON, SAT - Clip:AY, NOVEIVIBER 16. 1839. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, FRIDAY.—The Earl of Albemarle ar rived from Hampton Court at the Castle this morning. The Marquis of Normanby, Viscount Ebrington, the Right Hon. Henry Labouchere, and Mr. Charles Gre vine arrived from town to attend the COuncil. The noblemen and gentlemen attending the Privy Council will have the honour of dining this evening with her Majesty-. In addition to the visitors and Royal suite at the Castle, the Royal dinner party this evening is expected to include the Ccuntess of Uxbridge and the Ladies Eleonora and Constance Paget. Lord and Lady Ashley and family left yesterday, and Colonel Wemyss arrived at the Castle as Equerry in waiting on her Majesty. The Cabinet Ministers and great Officers of State, who arrived this morning, are expected to leave the Castle to-morrow, except the Earl of Albemarle. The Counuss of Ailmmarie is expected to arrive on a visit to her Majesty to-morrow. Lady Fanny Howard is expected to-morrow. Her Ladyship comes into waiting on her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent in the room of Lady Charlotte Dundas. The Queen held a Privy Council at two o'clock yes terday afternoon at Windsor Castle. It was attended by the First Lord of the Treasury, the Secretaries of State for the Home and Foreign Departments, the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, the President of the Board of Trade, the Lord Chamberlain, the Master of the Horse, and the Earl of Errol. At the Council, Viscount Ebrington (it was under stood) was sworn in Lord Lieutenant of the County of Devon. The Earl of Errol kissed hands on being appointed Lord Steward of her Majesty's Household, and received his wand of office from the Queen. Mr. C. Greville was the Clerk of the Council in waiting. The Marquis of Headfort and the Hon. General Sir William Lumley were the Lord and Groom in waiting and Col. Wemyss the Equerry in waiting. Her Majesty the Queen Dowager, attended by the Ladies and Gentlemen of her suite, took her depar ture on Thursday morning from the seat of Sir Robert and Lady Peel, Drayton Manor, Staffordshire, on her return to the residence of Earl Howe, Gopsall Hall, Leicestershire. The Duchess of Gloucester visited the Princess Au gusta yesterday, at Clarence House, St. James's. The Princess Augusta took an airing on Thursday in a carriage and four. The Marquis of Normanby left town yesterday morn ing, to attend the Privy Council held at Windsor Castle. Mr. Labouchere arrived in town on Thursday from Stowey, Somersetshire. The Right Hon. Gentleman left town yesterday morning for Windsor Castle, to at tend the Privy Council. Dispatches from Sir J. Franklin, Lieut.-Governor of Van Diemen's Land, and also from the Governors of South and West Australia, were received yesterday at the Colonial Office. The Earl and Countess of Sefton are entertain ing a select party at Croxteth Park, Lancashire. The Earl and Countess of Dunmore are seeing visitors at Dunmore Castle, Falkirk, N. B. The Earl and Countess of Lincoln are still staying at Ranby Hall, near Rettord. The Countess continues to enjoy most excellent health. The Earl of Chesterfield is expected at Ches terfield House to-day, from Northampton, where the Noble Earl has been hunting. The Earl of Minto was to leave Minto House, Roxburghshire, this morning, for the Admiralty, where the Noble 'Earl is expected to-morrow evening. His Lordship will be present at the Cabinet Council, on Monday, and afterwards dine with Viscount Melbourne, who has his first Cabinet dinner on that evening. The Marquis of Lansdowne, notwithstanding the great demand upon his time, generally takes a part in anything which affects the well-being of the county. Yesterday he attended the sessions during the discussion on the Constabulary Force Bill : to-morrow his Lord ship presides at the triennial meeting of the Salisbury Diocesan Church Building Society.—Devizes Gazelle. The Earl and Countess Bruce are arrived at Nice, where they will be shortly joined by the Countess of Pembroke and Mr. Sidney Herbert. The whole party will remain there during the winter. The Earl and Countess of Sandwich have been entertaining a large party at Hinchinbrook. _ The Earl of ✓ Jersey arrived in Berkeley-square on Wednesday evening, from the seat of the Duke of Grafton, and this day intends to leave town to join his Counters at Brighton. Earl Fitzwilliam is at Wentworth House, near Rotherham, and will not leave for Milton until the first week in the ensuing month. Viscount and Vis countess Milton and infant son are still on a visit to the Elrl and Countess of Morton, at Dalmahoy Cattle, N.B MARRIAGE IN HIGH LIFE.—At Dobrooke• Church, on Thursday last, the Hon. William Almericus de Courcy, brother and heir to Lord Kinsale, led to the altar Char.:otte, only daughter of the late Jacob Wey , Mouth, Esq., R.N., of Marlborough, Devon. LEAMINGTON SPA, THURSDAY.—The season at this agreeable watering place is about to commence and, although not very full, we can boast of some of th leading Nobility.—Viscount and Viscountess Ingestr have arrived, and occupy a mansion in Portland-place It is said his Lordship will reside here during the hunt ing season. Sir Edward and Lady Mostyn arrived o n Tuesday at their residence on York terrace, from their seat in Flintshire, accompanied by their family. Sir Ralph Howard, M.P., and Lady Howard, have taken their departure. Sir John and Lady Gerard, who re sided several months at the Spa last season, arrived early in the week from Lancashire. The Earl and Countess of Belfast are passing the autumn here ; as also Viscount and Viscountess Eastuor, Lady and Miss Thompson, Sir W. and Lady Geary, the Hon. Capt. and Mrs. Somerville, Countess of Farnham, &c., Lady Mary Fludycr, and the Hon. G. Scott, are among the recent arrivals. Sir Henry Russell has left for Swal lnwfield, Berks. The first winter subscription ball is announced at the Royal Assembly Rooms on Wednesday next. The Hon. Colonel and Mrs. Anson have left town on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Leicester, at Holkham Hall, Norfolk, where a select party have assembled. " The Marine Officer," from the pen of Sir Robert Steele, is looked for with much curiosity by the members of the profession generally, as it is understood that he gives a running commentary on the events in both the army and navy, from the period of the breaking out of the war after the peace of Amiens to 1813. It is whispered among those who are acquainted with the gallant author, and have seen the MS., that he takes quite original views of the past events of that spirit stir ring period, as well as of toe conduct of public men, of which he delivers his opinions freely and fearlessly ; com bining with the popular history of the times, a number of amusing personal adventures, which altogether render his work a most entertaining chronicle of perhaps the most interesting epoch of British achievements. It is understood that he particularly dwells upon the import ant services rendered by the corps of Royal Marines, and the neglect they have met with from the persons that ruled ; and fearlessly denounces impressment, cor poreal punishments, and other similar blotches upon the escutcheon of English liberty. GAS EXPLOSION. —Last night about seven o'clock, the inhabitants of Pall Malt East, and neigh b cra uen o ebd u db r ea h e ldr o a orf bottle, alarm, wb m ty e r c e ao t s n h u m r d o tdo w sie et : e,l into sat t the n oagreatestpremises noise sm e n: e whichonf. consternation menspd s e pro- Hancock, Rixon, and Co., chandelier manufacturers, &c., Pall Mall, East, which contained the newly in vented or portable gas, of which they are the principal agents. The noise produced was like that of thunder. Chandelers and glass of various descriptions, together with the large panes of plate glass in the shop windows, s t n r u o p t e o r n s o of n a proper t been y injured by the explosion. were blown to atoms. FortTuinleatdeel y (which is insured) is estimated at between 1,4001. and 1,500/. NEWSPAPERS.—For some years back the greater portion of the middle classes in this country were totally ignorant of passing public events, while the work ing classes seldom inquired about anything beyond their immediate callings. The first attempt at periodical li terature was made in England in the reign of Elizabeth. It was in the shape of a pamphlet, and called the British ilfercurie, but there were no newspapers in the single sheet, like the present, till many years after. The Mercuric was first published in 1588. The Public Intelligences called a newspaper, was published by Sir Robert L'Estrange, on the 31st of August, 1661. The first Gazette iu England was published at Ox ford, in 1665, the Court being then held there, but on the removal of the Court it was called the London Gazette. The Orange Intelligence). was the third newspaper pub lished, and the first after the Revolution in 168 S. The latter continued to be the only daily paper in England for some years ; but in 1690 there appears to have been nine London papers publishea weekly. In Queen Anne's reign the number of these were increased by eighteen,but still there continued to be but one daily news paper, which was then called the London Courant. In the reign of George I. the number was but three daily, six weekly, and ten published three times a wee k. I n 1773 the number of newspapers annually published in the whole of England was 7,411,737 ; in 1760 they bad increased more than two millions ; and in 1830 the whole amounted to 30,493,941 ; and since that period the increase has been very great. In cases of high treason formerly the prisoners used to be tried by Special Commission, and it was ells. tomary to send them to the Tower, as was done in the case of Messrs. Tooke, Hardy, and Thelwall, who were tried before Baron Eyrein the Old Bailey Courts. It was a singular c ircumstance that the Baron had been a member of the Constitutional Society with Horne Tooke. LITERATURE. STANDARD NOVELS.—No. LXXV Bentley, London, 1839. Mr. Bentley has done well to republish Lover's " Rory O'More" in the cheap convenient form of one duodecimo volume, for it is a tale that well bears republication, the real Irish character, em bodied in the person of the hero, being pot:rtraved with considerable effect, yet wift-,; - At the slightest attempt at caricature. The volume is embellished with two plates engraved by Greatbatch from design furnished by the author. SONNETS, BY LADY EMMELINE STUART IV ORTLEY. Rickerby, London, 1839. " These Sonnets," says the Authoress, in a note to an entertaining preface—which, by the bye, pre faces seldom are— ,, were born of the impulse and impression of the moment ; were genuine and from the heart." There was no need for Lady Emme line to tell us this, for her sonnets bear quite suffi cient internal evidence of the fact. They are written with the force and simplicity that always characterizes true feeling ; and we like them the better for the very absence of elaborate polish. The descriptive ones are the best, and show a fertile and refined intellect quick to receive im pressions from the sight of the sublime and beau tiful in nature. MEDITERRANEAN FLEET. (From Malta Papers to the 4th inst., inclusive.) &MIKA BAY, OCT. 18,—The corvette, Hazard, relieves the Dido on the Smyrna station. The ships of the line, Ganges, Powerful, Vanguard, and Implacable, which have been some days under the command of Captain Napier, cruising off Smyrna, have joined the Admiral at Beshika Bay. It is net certain whether any other portion of the squadron will go on the same cruise. The frigate Belle Poole, commanded by the Prince de Joinville, has left the bay for Constantinople. There is nothing new respecting the united squadrons, which occupy the same position in the bay as formerly. The Austrian squadron has left Smyrna. On Sunday last a line-of-battle-ship passed this island from tile westward steering to the eastward, and a fri gate from the eastward for the westward. The British naval force in the Mediterranean now consists of 15 line7of-battle ships, 5 frigates, 5 sloops, 4 brigs, and 1 cutter of war, 4 steam frigates, 1 steam tender, 1 receiving ship, and 5 steam-packets, and 1 bombard in the Post-office service—a much larger force in time of peace than at any period during the late war It may not, at this moment, be uninterest ing to our readers to have under their eye the names of these ships with the number of guns they severally carry—viz.: Ships-of-the-Line—Princess Charlotte, 104 (with the flag of Admiral Sir R. Stopford) ; Rod ney, 92 (with the broad pendant of Commodore Hyde Parker) ; Asia, 84 ; Belleisle, 74 ; Bellerophon, 80 ; Benbow, 74 ; Edinburgh, 74 ; Ganges, 84 ; Hastings, 74 ; Implacable, 74; Minden, 74 ; Pembroke, 74 ; Powerful, 84 ; Talavera, 64 ; and Vanguard, 80. Frigates.—Carysfort, 26 ; Castor, 36 ; Talbot, 28 ; Tribune, 24 ; and Tyne, 28. Sloops.—Beacon, 8 (surveying vessel) ; Daphne, 18 ; Dido, 18 ; Ha zard, 18 ; and Wasp, 16. Brigs.—Jaseur, 16 ; Scor pion, 10 ; Weasel, 10 ; and Zebra, 16. Cutter.— Magpie, 4 (in the surveying service). Steam Fri gates.—Gorgon, 4 ; Hydra, 4 ; Phoenix, 4 ; and Rha darnanthus, 4. Steam Tender—Confiance, 2. Steam Packets—Acheron, 2 ; Blazer, 2 ; Hermes, 2 ; Me gara, 2 ; and Volcano, 2, and packet bombard, Au gusta, 2 (the 6 last-mentioned in the Post-office ser vice) ; and the Ariadne, at the coal depot in Alexan dria ; and finally the receiving-ship Ceylon, 6 (with the flag of the Rear-Admiral and Superintendent of the Malta dock-yard, Sir John Louis), making in all a total of 42 pendants, carrying 1,526 guns. Besides the above, the Queen, 104 ; the Revenge, 78 ; the Blenheim, 72, ships-of-the-line ; the Cyclops (1,200 tons) and the Salamander steam-frigates, are looked for froth England; and other vessels of war are ordered to be prepared for being commissioned, and it is said to he in contempla tion to reinforce the squadron by a strong detachment of Royal Marines from England. The appointment of Admiral Fleming to the Me diterranean station vice Sir Robert Stopford, whose period of service expires in March next, will not take place, as the Governorship of Greenwich Hospital. vacant by the death of Sir Thomas Hardy, has been conferred upon him. It is not at all improbable that one or two of the Captains, whose ships are relieved on this station by the late arrivals from England, will effect exchanges in order to remain out. By the Hydra. arrived to-day from Beshika Bay, which she left on the 23d, we learn that the combined squadrons occupy the same position. —Harlequin (From 1 - 1 Portafoglio Maltese of the 4th inst.) The Minos steam-packet, which reached Malta on the 4th inst. from Constantinople, brought intelligence of the departure of the British fleet from Beshika Bay on the 23d ult.; and its arrival on the following day at Vourla, where it was still lying on the 29th. The French fleet was to have left for Smyrna on the 3d inst., but was not expected in that harbour before the 10th. The British steamer Hermes arrived in Malta on the 4th from Alexandria, with the Indian mail, which was despatched from Bombay on the 7th ult. for Suez in the Zenobia. The Benbow ship of the line left Malta for Vourla on the 30th ult., and the Belleisle followed her on the next day. On the 29th ult. a colony of 167 Maltese agricultu rists set sail for the island of Grenada, in the English vessel Ellen, Captain Brown. Nourri Effendi, the new Turkish Minister in Paris, and Nourri Effendi, the Ambassador of the Porte, at the Court of Berlin, arrived at Malta in the Minos." It is reported that the Earl of Sandwich is likely to be the new Master of the Buckhounds, in the room of the Earl of Errol, who is to be the Lord Steward of the Household. The Earl of Sandwich's Countess is al ready a Lady of the Bedchamber, and it seems by no means unlikely that the Noble Earl himself may be in clined to Toby round his Royal Mistress, and defend her frOm the vile attacks of the Bradshaws, the Robys, the Closes, the Greggs, and the Ingestries,who seek to defame her, and are ready to overthrow the Throne, that the To ries may clamber into office on its ruins. We believe that he will be kept in countenance by many other Noble men, who have hitherto numbered themselves amongst the Tories. It is impossible that the Nobility of Eng -1 ind can see without alarm that the people should be fanaticised by their old enemies the priests—the Thomas a'Becketts of our day. The Rev. Messrs. Gregg, Close, Stowell, Phillpotts, and Co. may be the oppo nents of the Whigs, but they preach a levelling religion, and are the enemies of every aristocracy but that which is centered in the priesthood. THE SNIPE.—The snipe, when seen on the ground is a very pretty bird ; and though its bill com pared with its size, seems out of proportion, yet, from the manner in which it carries its head, it presents no thing of that grotesque appearance which the extraordi nary length of its bill would seem to indicate. It has been observed that the first arrival of snipes from the North is early in September ; they appear in wisps, are very wild, and continue but a short time, a day or per haps two. Towards the end of October, they arrive in great numbers, become dispersed, and afford better amusement than at an earlier period of the season ; but as soon as the severity of winter commences, they disappear for the most part, and are seen no more (in considerable numbers at least) till March. The preceding remarks were made by a gentleman of Norfolk, and may be applicable to that part of the kingdom, though not generally, as in very severe frosts we have uniformly seen them on the north west coast in very great, if not immense numbers. When frost has hound up the earth and the still waters, snipes resort to springs and running streams in search of food, particularly towards evening ; and if the frost continue they may be observed throughout the day on the wing, evidently wandering about in order to procure the means of satisfying the imperious demands of hun ger—on such occasions they do not lie well. Hitherto we have been speaking of the common snipe ; two other varieties visit this country—the jack snipe (in some parts called the judcock), much smaller than the common snipe ; and the solitary snipe, considerably larger than the comm on sn ip e , b u t not often seen,—Sporting Alma nack for 1840. The late Counsellor Curran was once pleading. in an Irish Court before Judge Hen,who hada great dis like to Mr. Curran, having often smarted under his wit. The lively orator having a point of law to urge, the Judge asked him if it were Braken's Farriery that he had consulted for his law. " No," said Curran ; "neither was it an old hen at roost." It is computed that the produce of seven million acres of land is consumed in England by horses ; the number of the latter is about one million two hundred thousand, of which 200,000 at least are pleasure horses ; but the number of the former, it is expected, will be reduced by the railroads which arc constantly increasing. "I guess," said a New Yorker to Wallack, the day after the fire, " when your theatre was blazing you sent for the newspapers.' " Why for the newspapers?" " Because they arc the most powerful engines in the United States." The long continuance of wet weather has greatly damaged the potatoe crop. I n var i ous p ar t s o f th e country , particularly tow ar d s th e nort h - east , a l arge breadth of land is under water. Sedgemoor and its neighbourhood present the appearance of a large lake. The catch of wild fowl, at the decoys, bas been already considerable. — Taunton Courier. It was once obsnved by Baron Garrow, when at the bar, and he had some licensed victuallers to de fend a gainst a rapacious herd of common informers, that his clients were a class of industrious tradesmen, who were treated like toads under a harrow, who found it the most difficult on all occasions to obtain redress." SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OP YESTERDAY. • (From the Globe.) From the di s l o y a lt y an d se diti on mou th e d out at ~1 Tory feasts, and then insolently proclaimed to the coun try by the Tory journals, we turn to the Chartist out ibreaks, and we find these also traceable to the incentives supplied in a great measure by the organs of Toryism. The history of the last general election justifies this allegation. The Tories availed themselves of the dissatisfaction among the labouring classes which a change so considerable in the l administr a ti o n o f th e P oor -l aws h a d exc i te d — partly hrough ignorance of its principles and opera tion, and partly from a dislike to the restrictions it imposed ; and turned its enactments into a bat tery of assault against the Government. The most exaggerated and inflammatory statements respecting its administration and results were sent forth by the Tory journals ; these laid the first trains of the subse quent explosions of violence. The speeches of Oastler, Stephens, O'Connor, and the rest of the anti-Poor-law agitators, while they quoted the Times as the authority for their statements, were in their turns bepuffed and be praised in its columns. So long- as these inflammatory statements and harangues could be made subservient to election purposes, the Tories were blind to the fact that Sir R. Peel and the Duke of Wellington had advocated the principle of the Bill, and had warmly vindicated its cha racter from the aspersions cast on its operation, by testi fying to the benefits it was working to every part of the community. The Tory press cheered on in their work of violence the agents of sedition —the apostles of the dagger and the torch, until anti-poor-law agitation gave birth to the Chartist Convention. The Tories sowed dragons'-teeth, and thus produced an harvest of armed men. They voted a combination with Ultra-Radical.. ism very pardonable, because expedient for party pur poses—let them not complain if they be held respon , sable, in no slight decree, for the proceedings of their former proteges. (From the Courier.) We find in the account of the United States Bank's assets an item of 400,0001. sterling in specie ; a sum miserably inadequate to represent even it's notes and deposits ; and yet no one, we will venture to say ; will affirm, that because this Bank possesses only this small amount in specie it is therefore insolvent ; it's insol vency, if insolvency it should prove to be, is attributable to other causes. But it is a fact notorious, that it is in consequence of the want of gold by the Bank of Eng land, of it's endeavours to get it, and of it's measures to cause it's return to this country, that the general Ameri can distress has been mainly occasioned. It is felt on viewing the account of the United States Bank, that it is not gold or silver that it needed for the carrying on of its affairs, but some representative of the values which it possessed. It may seem at first sight contradictory to show that the value of a principal item in the " Account," namely, its " Stock Accounts," was delusive, and to speak now of representing such " delusive" values in some sort of money. But in this there is no contradiction ; this and other securities held by the United States Banks may be at this time inconvertible, and, for reali zation, worthless ; but they might have been when first accepted as securities, valuable, and convertible ; their inconvertibility and their worthlessness for realization having been occasioned by the impossibility of procuring a metallic money in sufficient quantity to represent them ; for many properties may be valuable as properties, such as manufactured goods and produce, but value less as assets ,to pay away in the shape of money. In speaking, therefore, of these securities or properties of the United States Banks as valueless for the purpose of realisation for the present winding up of it's affairs and the payment of it's debts, it is by no means a con tradiction to treat them as pro'erty of value if the American system of currency would allow them to be represented by a money that is easily procurable. (From the Standard.) The education of the people is no doubt an element of safety, if that education shall be such as to attach those who are affected by it to the institutions of the State; but if it is such as to render the people dissatisfied with their political institutions, it is plainly not an element of safety but of danger. Now, the Conservatives wish for such a general system of education as shall invite others, without directly or indirectly compelling any, to re ceive an education founded upon religion as taught by the ' Established Church. Is such an education less safe than an education without religion? or an. education by Dissenters hostile to the Esta blished Church, one and not the least important of the institutions of the State, or than an education by Papists ? As regards hostile sectarian education we are informed that there are fifty chapels of hostile sectarians in the district now in rebellion, and but two churches—is it safe to augment this dispropor tion? As to Papists—and it is chiefly for their sake that the Church is to be deprived of the right of offer ing education to the people—we learn that any educa tion to be carried on by them is not to be directed to British objects, but to such as shall seem pleasing or profitable to an Italian Prince. The following distinguished fashionables intend to winter at Rome :—The Prince and Princess Borg hes.: Aldobrandini, Prince and Princess Doria Pam phili, Earl and Countess of Shrewsbury, Lord and Lady Rendlesham, Lord and Lady Vernon, the Countess of Coventry, Lord Crewe, Countess of Clare, Mr. Est court, M.P., and Miss Estcourt, the Hon. Colonel and Mrs. Dawson Darner, Mr. and Lady Georgiana Baillie, of Douchfour, and Lord Clifford of Chudleigh and his family.—Court Journal. DREADUL ACCIDENT.—On Saturday last, a man of the name of Goodwin had both his legs frac tured, and his back seriously injured, at Toadmoor tur nel, near Belper, on the North Midland Railway. He had been setting a shot, and the powder ignited before he had time to get out of the way. He still remains in a very dangerous state, and very little hopes are en tertained of his recovery ; he has a wife and three children wholly depending on him for support.—Derby Reporter. We are informed by a respectable authority, that a courier arrived on Tuesday at Paris from Madrid, re calling the Marquis de Miraflores, the Spanish Ambas sador in Paris, whom the Queen is anxious to entrust with the task of forming a new Cabinet. The Marquis will leave for Madrid in the course of a few days. He belongs to the Moderate party ; it is a Cabinet of that nuance that is likely to be tormed.—Evening Paper. The following are the British vessels on the South American station employed in protecting British interests. At Rio—the Stag, 46, Commodore Sullivan ; Orestes, 18, and Clio, 16. At the River Plate—the Calliope, 28, and Actaeon, 26. At the Falkland Islands—the Grecian, 16, (cruising in the Pacific), Electa, 18, and Sparrowhawk, 16. At Callao and its neighbourhood—President, 52 (flag-ship), Semarang, 28, Fly, 18, and Basilisk. There were moreover at Rio, when the Imogene sailed, an American frigate, a Sardinian frigate, and a French brig of war. BANKRUPTCY—DISCOUNTS.--On Wednes day last, in the Court of Bankruptcy, when assignee, were appointed to the estate of Peter Paul and Sons builders, Mr. Commissioner Evans at the conclusion of the proceedings observed, that as regarded the argu ment of 21 per cent. being charged as discount render ing the Warrens unfit or ineligible to become assignees, the same argument would apply if they had charged but 5 per cent. He thought, however, that the public would ere long discover their mistake in discounting at any such rate ; for they must ultimately he the losers, and especially when it was found out that the trade exercised by the discounters did not yield them even 10 per cent. When persons discounted at any such exor bitant rate, he thought creditors might make them feel, ' and teach them a very wholesome lesson, by delaying if not withholding their certificate. Ouo or two such ( refusals would bring bankrupts to their senses, and I (very emphatically said the Learned Commissioner) if I were a creditor would not give them their certificate. —(Cries of hear, hear, from a very crowded court). Several creditors, upon hearing this opinion, said if this intimation of the Learned C omm i ss i oner ' s op i n i on were given to the public, the benefit to be derived from it to the trading community would be of the utmost im portance. GRAND MATCH AGAINST TIME.—The long talked of ped es t r i an un d er t a ki ng aga i nst ti me was de cided on Wednesday at Lord's Ground, St. John's Wood. Genuine matches of this description arc very rare, but are invariably well attended, and create considerable sporting interest, when they are known to have been got up or encouraged by parties of respectability. The undertaking of Wednesday was one on which money was freely laid out, and certainly was no trifling task. It was to run four miles in twenty-three minutes and a half, the stakes being 251. aside. The distance was measured round the cricket ground, and ten turns round, with a short distance, constituted the four miles. The weather was very unfavourable for such a performance, and it was found necessary to throw down a quantity of saw-dust, to give the operator anything like a fair footing. The match had been announced to take place at three o'clock, at which hour some hundreds were in attendance , anxious to witness the start. The tgeneral opinion was that the pedestrian—whose name is Slade, and who, we b e . lieve, is known by the soubriquet of the " Padding ton Washer"—had undertaken to do more ;•„ than it ~ possible for him to accomplish , and betting was 6 and 7 to 4on time. At five o'clock, the watches having been set, and all prepared, the pedestrian made hi s appearance at the starting-post, attired in drawers and j ac k e t, an d sporting the crimson colour , similar to that worn by Townshend on,Monday. The word " Off" was given, and Slade went away at a pretty, b u t m iddlin g p ace . He increased in speed after about two hundred y ar d s , and finished the first circuit at an amazing rate, he had performed five rounds without any particular indication of distress in half the allotted time, and at each succeed ing time he passed the umpire's stand the anxiety in- I creased. .The spe e d was near ly even t h roug h out, and • be accompl ished this great undertaking in twenty-three , m inutes twenty - fi ve secon d s , b e i ng fi ve secon d s under the given time. He was greeted with loud and con tinued chee rs , h u t was d ec id e dly muc h ex h auste d . H e i continued walking for some minutes, a necessary pre caution after the conclusion of the wager. _I4IVE N 'MG ED ON: THE IRON TRADE. The following paper, " O n t h e S tate an d P rospects of the Iron Trade in Scotland and South Wales, in May, 1839," was read before the Liverpool Polytechnic So. ciety, on the 13th June, by Joseph Johnson, Esq., Iron Merchant, Liverpool. HENRY BOOTH, Esq., President, in the Chair. The vast and increasing importance of the iron trade to this country must be so apparent to the most indifferentob server, that I feel fully persuaded I need offer no apology to you for intruding upon your notice the consideration of a subject that appears, at first sight, so completely without the legitimate sphere of the objects for the promotion of which this Society was established. The daily inc:easing magni tude of this ba anch of British industry is surprisingly great ; but, to enable you to obtain a clear view of its rapid exten sion, 1 have extracted from Dr. lire's- valuable " Diction.. ary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines," the following sketch of its progression from 1740 to 1826. The Doctor observes, p. 687, that—" Till 1740, the smelting of iron ore in England was executed entirely with wood charcoal, and the ores employed were principally brown and red hematites. Earthy iron ores were also smelted, but it does not appear that the clay-ironstones of the coal basins were then used, though they constitute almost the sole smelting material cf the present day. At that era there were fifty nine blast furnaces, whose annual product was 17,350 tons of cast-iron—that is for each furnace 294 tens per annum. and five and one-eighth tons per week. By the year 1788 several attempts had been made to reduce iron ore with coked coal; and there remained only twenty-four charcoal blast furnaces, which produced altogether 13,000 tons of cast-iron in the year, being at the rate of 546 tons for each per annum, or nearly eleven tons per week. This remark able increase of eleven tons for five and one-eighth was due chiefly to the substitution of cylinder blowing machines, worked with pistons, for the comm on woo d en bellows. " Already fifty-three blast furnaces, fired with coke, were in activity, which furnished in tote 48 800 tons of iron in a year, and which raises the annual product of each furnace to 907 tons, and the weekly product to about seventeen and a half tons. The quantity of cast-iron produced that year (1788) by means of coal was 48,800 tons, and that by wood charcoal was 13,100, constituting a total quantity of 61,900. " In 1796, the wood charcoal process was almost en tirely given up, when the returns of the Iron trade, made by desire of Mr. Pitt, for establishing taxes on the manu facture, afforded the following results :-121 blast fur naces, furnishing in the whole per annum 124,879 tons, giving an average amount of each furnace of 1,032 tons. " In 1802, Great Britain possessed 168 blast furnaces, yielding a product of about 170,000 tons, and this product amounted, in 1806, to 250 000 tons, derived from 227 coke furnaces, of which only 159 were in activity a t once. " In 1820, the make of iron had arisen to 400,000 tons, and in 1826 to about 600,000 tons. " From 1823 to 1839, the iron trade saw many fluctua tions. The price of forge pig-iron varying from 21 104. to 10/. per ton at the works. But the make of this country was still increasing, and in 1838 I believe it reached to up wards of 1.000.000 tons." For many interesting particulars connected with the iron trade of the United Kingdom, and particularly for a de tailed account of the introduction of the heated air -blast, by Mr. Neilson, of Glas'ow, I must refer yoo to the ex - celleht work from which I have made the foregoing extracts. The introduction of the hot blast formed quite a new era in the iron trade, and the consequent increase of produce of iron, particularly iu Scotland, where this invention was first applied, has been incredibly great, and is still progres sing. I have been very kindly furnished by a friend, who is intimately connected with the Scotch iron trade, with a list of all the furnaces now in operation in Scotland ; tLe number out of blast, the number erecting-, and about to be erected. I have every confidence in the accuracy of my friend's information, and have no doubt but that the cor rectness of the list may be relied upon. Tlis list shows that there are in Scotland fifty-two furnaces in blast, five out, seven building, and twenty-four contemplated. With the permission of the meeting, I will read over the names of the works, and their respective owocre-_.. - ---- - Names of th vne" ,„ • In Out of Buil '_Content. Works. ' Blast. Blast. i ng. p l ate d . Clyde Tames Dunlop Calder W. Dixon and Co. 6 — Carron ,Carron Company... 4 I - Muirkirk Muirkirk Iron C 0... 4 - 1 1 1. 4 Devon . . Devon Iron C 0..... 2 Shott's ...... ...Shott's Iron C 0.... 2 — Nlonkland llonkland Iron Co. 5 Garb,herrie ...W. Baird and C 0... 7 Dundyvan ....Dunlop and C 0.... 5 Summerlee ...Wilsons and Co—. 4 ...... Castle-hill ....Shott's Iron C 0.... 2 ...... Bona ..Bona Iron Co Govan W Dixon, Esq.... 2 — ..... Wilsontown...W. Dixon, Esq. ... I Coltness Mr. Holdsw orth ... 2 — Omea W. Young Carubroe*....Alisen and Co ..... 2 — ...... 2 Galston . lI(Callam and Co. 1 — Blair Mr. J. M'Donald 2 Housle ... Mr. Galloway I — 52 5 7 * The new furnaces at " Carnbree" have yielded the extra ordinary quantity of 130 tons per week of very strong iron, and frequently run out ten tons at a cast. Supposing the whole of these furnaces to be in full ac tivity by the end of the year 1842, and giving the ave rage produce of 100 tons per week to each furnace, we shall have Scotland alone producing 457,600 tons of foundry cast-iron per year, equalling the make of the United Kingdom twenty years ago. Sixty-five rut of eighty-eight turnaces I have enumerated, are siteated in or about the Monklands, to the south and seuth-eest of Glasgow, ar.d distant from that city seven to ten miles. The works in that district have the command of the black_ band ironstone, the possession of which my inforr i att states to be so great an advantage, that without it the trade would not be worth following. The furnaces in the Monklands, by using this combustible biackhand irenstorie, may average 100 tons iu seven days each, but these which have not this material do not yield nearly so large a quantity. Three of the largest makers of iron in Scct:and are directing their attention to the manufacture of bar-iron, and with every prospect of most complete success. The Monkland Iron Company are erecting mills and forges capable of making 230 tons malleable iron per week. Dunlop, Wilson and Co., of Dundyvan.- arc making preparations to enable them, when in foii, operation, to make 300 tons of bars, &c., weekl; they will be partially at work in t wo mouths. Wi'ajam Dixon, Esq., of Govan Iron Works, h as now terAy f or immediate working, capabilities fo r producing '2OO tons of malleable iron per week. His mills and forges are on the outskirts of Glasgow, and are known as t!de Glasgow Iron Works, Town Head. The Muirkirk Iron Company have four blast furnaces, three of which are in blast, with au average produce of about forty tons of bars weekly, with the capability of ex tending to 100 tons, without increase of power. This statement comprises the present ; and so far as is known, the prospective operations in the malleable iron trade in Scotland, with the exception of two small forges, the Lancefleld and the Gartness, where they Pud ale a lit tle from white iron. It was for a long time considered ioubtfta whether the Scotch cast-iron, made as it is With raw bituminous coal and heated air, would answer :or malleable iron, and several experiments have lately been made with a view to ascertain, more nearly than had hitherto been done, its applicability for this purpose. So far as I have been able to learn, these ex periments have been attended with most satisfactory results. I was informed a few days ago by Edmund Buckley, Esq., of Mcnchester, who has for a long time past taken a very lively interest in these matters, that in some trials recently made by Messrs. Bcecrolt, Butler, and Co., at their works, at Kirkstall, near Leeds, they found 4 ewe 2 qrs. of Scotch pig-iron to yield, by the process of boiling instead of paid dling, blooms of 4 cwt. 1 qr. 8 lbs. each, showing only the comparatively trifling waste of 20 lbs. in a charge 014_ cw t. 2 qrs., and the quality of the iron was found to be at least equal to any made with cold air ; indeed, many thousand tons of Scotch cast-iron have been purchased cro'rn time to time by the iron masters of South Wages to mix with their own country metal in their puddlit,,g furnaces, thus afford ing unquestionable proof of its fitness for conversion into malleable iron. I have ne doubt that we may sp ee dily re ceive extensive suPPlic.4 of bar-iron from Scotland, such as we have hitherto received principally from South Wales and Staffor(-4:dire. I must tlo;ask your indulgent attention for a little requestw:ihniyieonlonagevr,eryanidnteresting tour through the nr.neral the favour of your .er,m pdistricts of the counties of Gloucester, Monmote‘h, and Glamorgan. I class the iron works of tire Forei: of Dcan with those of South Wales, as well from their proximity to the latter, as from the circumstr.nces of t:neir being worked by those eminent South Wal es iron mr.sters, Messrs. Guest, Lewis, and Co., and V. Crawsbav and Sons. At the Cinderford works there are four furnaces (three in blast, and one out), producing on an average from 100 to 120 tons each of excellent forge pig-iron weekly. At the Sewdley works there arc two furnaces (cue in, and one out of blast), producing about ninety tons of iron per week ; and at the Park End works there are t a w bo o ut fu e r ig n hv furnaces (one i ne ,er in we b e la k. st, and the other o ut ), ma ki ng The differences in the produce of furnaces may be ac counted for in a variety of ways ; some are larger than others, some have superior blowing engines, and others may be under better management. The furnaces I have named are all that are on the Forest of Dean ; but large quantities ofi , r d ol .e ore :Il a t re vv r o a r i k s s ed i n here,so South h d \ R v r a C le s s e sent, , Star= 'well f a o s rdir thsheire.on, to The shipments are made at a wharf a little below Newnham. Leaving the Forest, we will proceed to Newport. Here you will find a most excellent river navigat,.on—the Uxk— and at all seasons of the year may he sP,en large numbers of vessels of various tonnage, wait'..ig to receive the mi neral produce of Monmouthshire., in the shapes of coal and iron. Having th. 4 port, and noticed all its facilities for shipmr:ot—and especially the magnificent dock now constr,-4eting for affording to the shipping in creased conveAences—we will, if you please, proceed to the inter'.or of the county, and notice the various works in. the .rder in which we reach them. The first works we arrive at arc those of Capel Hanbrlry Leigh, Esq., near Pontypool, and are called the Pontypool Iron Works. Here you will find three furnaces is blast, and one out ; all of which are blown with cold air. There are not any furnaces erecting, or about to be erected here. The make of these three furnaces is about 300 tons per week. The pigs are sold chiefly for foundry purposes, but a considerable quantity is used by Mr. Leigh, for tin-plates, of which he has been for a long time past a very eminent maker. The yield of the ironstone at these works is ab out 30 per cent. ; but Mr. Leigh imports large qu antit i es of the richer ores from Lancashire and Cornwall, fcr the provement of the quality of his iron. A little further up the valley we reach th e wor k s of the Pentwvn and Goi‘ nos Iron Comrany, where you will find five furnaces all in blast, and one about t o b e erected ; three are blown kith hot air, and two with cold. The product? the five furnaces is about 450 tons per week. They have just completed first-rate forges and rolling-mills, calculated to make 350 tons of bar and other malleable iron per week. About a mile above these works you find those of the Bri. tish Iron Company, at Abersychan. Here are four fur— naces in blast, all blown with cold air, and two out o