The Sun. — London, England, 1844-12-20 00:00:00

GRAND BOAT-RACE BETWEEN • CLASPER AND COOMBES. (Prom the Newcastle Advertiser of yesterday.) This long-expected match between the champions of the north and south waters came off yesterday ; the distance being from Tyne-bridge to Lemington Point, for 1801.; Coombe. staking 1001. to Clasper's lied. Tb. length of time to whieh the preliminaries were extended gave more than an usual interest to the race, though the mere fact of two such men as Clasper and Coombes was sufficient of itself to create much ex citement. For the last four or five days scarcely any thing else was talked of, and bets to a considerable amount were laid, the friends of both parties being equally sanguine of the success of their favourite. The " London Merchant" brought down a large acces sion of visitors, who added much to the bustle, by the freedom with which they backed Coombes, and most of them visited many of the inns on Tuesday night offering 5 to 4 upon him, which in many instances was taken. At at early hour, the morning being extremely mild for the season, with a slight breeze from the south-east, every spot which commanded a view of the west side of Tyne-bridge was crowded with spectators:; the banks of the river presented a similar spectacle, and in one instance, an employer finding that the match was more interesting to the men than wages, made a virtue of necessity and gave them a holiday. Many boats were out, and a number of steamers - went up the water, and the Carlisle Railway Company ran special trains on both sides of the river, so that there was no lack of accom modation ; in fact, until the parties began action, the town appeared to be comparatively deserted. Bbth men came to the starting place in excellent condition, and in boats which excited universal admi ration, that of Clasper's in particular, as much from its beauty u from the ingenuity displayed in its con struction, and from its being of his own building. All being ready, at the appointed signal they started, Coombes gradually drawing a-head ; when off Skinner Burn, Clasper unfortunately run into a keel —an accident which his opponent did not take advantage of as he might have done, but kept leading him by about five or six boats' length ; when, however, he had got this distance, he ceased to exert himself as powerfully as he had done, apparently reserving his strength for any push which Clasper might make; at this time 401. to 101. was offered upon Coombes and accepted. At the Curds and Cream House, Clasper made a desperate effort, and decreased the distance between them to about 80 yards, and, that space apart, they rowed beautifully evenly to the winning point, neither of them gaining or losing scarcely an inch in the whole distance, which was done in 341 minutes. The race was good throughout, and has added to the fame of both the men. Coombes (though never doubtful of the result) admits that Clasper would probably beat many of the best London men. A dispute took place in reference to an alleged infringement of the articles of agreement, upon the supposition that Parish had signed to Coombes that he was going too near the shore, and who, taking the hint, altered his course accordingly. It was at first proposed that the match should be rowed over again, but this proposition was decidedly negatived by Coombes, who declared that the matter should be left to the referees, and if given against him, he would present the money to Clasper. 'The affair will not be decided until this day (Thursday). Mr. Went zell, of the firm of Cowden and Wentzell, the builders of the champion's boat, with Newell, Parish and others from London, were present, and the best feeling was manifested towards both parties, though from the cheering it was evident that the Tyne-eiders wished their man to win. It may be stated that Clasper dis claimed all connexion or sympathy with a few black guards who hissed Coombes at the beginning of the race ; and Coombes publicly acquitted Clasper of any participation in it. It is likely that Clasper and Newell will make a match before the latter leaves on Saturday. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. PROM TINZ ETPJNING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. GLOBE.—Petty Sessions justice has passed into a proverb of reproach for its dissimilarity to that substan tial justice which under the forms and by the sanction of law, ought to be admiuistered in a free country. The vast disproportion between the fines imposed by magistrates on summary convictions for trifling offences, and the fees demanded on those convictions by their clerks, has been the subject of frequent remark. The latter, being often from ten to twenty times the amount of the former, and, being beyond the means of payment by the defendant; have caused the petty delinquent to be imprisoned for several days or weeks, at the discretion of the ma gistrates, entailing all the consequences, personal and relative, which such a proceeding is calculated to pro duce. The evil has been somewhat modified ; and, to a blight extent, mitigated. The source of the mischiefs has, however, remained untouched. The system of pay ing magistrates' clerks, and the other functionaries— whose " expenses" press in such cases with ruinous severity on the class of persons who constitute the great snags of those who are summarily convicted—by fees, instead of by salary, required to be abolished. That system, however, was retained ; and, while it continues, will operate as an engine of oppres sion, and source of misery and demoralization sm the lower classes ; while it will increase the burdens upon the county and perish rates —upon the former, for the expense of maintaining the poor defendant in the gaol; and to the latter, to support his wife and family in the union, or by an allowance in money to prevent them from going thither. This, however, is not the only form in which the system works to the discredit of justice, as administered in petty sessions. The defendant is not the only party who is made to suffer by its operation. If the convicted party be unable to pay the fine and the fees, he or ehe is committed to gaol ; and thus pays in person through inability to pay by purse. The Queen loses the amount of the penalty, whether it be a penny or a pound. But not so the magistrates clerk, and the other fee : paid officers of the petty sessions court. The complainant must pay them. He may be a poor cottager ; his garden hedge or gate may have been broken by the act of a malicious neighbour, and the growing crop of vege tables, on which he has bestowed great labour and care, may have been extensively injnred by the act ; he may have been also assaulted by the person who has perpetrated the offence against his property. For the of fence he causes the party to be brought before a magis trate, who convicts him summarily, and inflicts a tine and costs—and, on the non-payment of which, to be imprisoned for a specified period. The de fendant does not pay, and is committed. And there the matter ends, so far as the complainant is concerned, would be the conclusion to which every one who, in ignorance of the law and practice in such cases made and provided, had merely watched the pro ceeding up to this point. The poor man had been seriously injured. He had obtained no compensation for ' the wrong ; but he had caused the wrong-doer to he punished by the law ; and had thus taught him, and taught others actuated by mischief or malice, that they cannot indulge their propensities or pas s ions with impunity. A person who would so reason would obviously reckon without his host. The law, in the person of the magistrate's clerk, has yet a hold upon the person, or purse, of the poor complainant. And, if he be unable to meet his claim fur the fees incurred in obtaining satisfaction and protection against the party who injured him—why then, as, an illustration of petty sessions justice, he will by sum mary process be sent to keep company with the party he has prosecuted We are not drawing an imaginary sketch. Our observations are founded on facts, for which we are indebted to a correspondent, to whose for mer communications respecting petty sessions practice in his neighbourhood, we have been indebted for some striking illustrations of " Justice's Justice." STANDARD.—We do not think that by any means too much importance is attached in this country to . public dinners, though it has been a fashion with many abroad, and to some among ourselves, to sneer at such demonstrations. The principle of centralisation, now contended for with so much zeal by particular schools of politicians, is neither congenial to the feelings and habits, nor consistent with the con stitution of thisifree country. Englishmen like to form their own opinions, and to express those opinions in their own way—like to express their personal indignation, when they think they have reason to be indignant, in their own words, and when the debt of gratitude is to be' paid to a great public benefactor, they will not itirego the high gratification of paying their share of • the debt in their own persons. The Const i tution allows them this indulgence, and the effect is in the highest degree beneficial ; for the punishment of mis conducti or the reward of merit is thus multiplied n nitely beyond the force of a single censure from any authority hew hig,,h soever, or the greatest fa vour in the power of the Crown or the .Legislature to confer. Public dinners, however, present one of the must convenient channels for the expression of the public sentiment, and there is no danger that they will ever have the effect of perverting that sentiment, for they will be always estimated at their proper value. A dinner to Mr. O'Connell at Covent -garden, presided over by Mr. Thomas Duncombe, and enriched by the speeches of llr. Coppock (we forget the other speakers), is a dif ferent matter from a public dinner given to Sir H. Pot 'Luger, under the presidency of the chief magistrate of such a town as Liverpool, attended by a principal Minister of the Crown, Lord Stanley, and by such men as Lord &m -elon, Mr. W. Patten, Mr. Entwisle, and the leading mer chants of the second commercial emporium of the world. importance a dinner as the latter is not inferior in interest and aniportance to th e m oa t ser i ous an d most di gn ifi e d discussion of the Legislature ; and it presents the advantage of a gratifyin4 h l e i s a e rmony, never found in Parliamentary debates. refl ec tio ns t L iv erpool are sug esWd by the proceedings at thel. dinner, a report of which will be L e n o d t inu first page. the reader forgive one reflection, before alluding particulaerrl pre liminary the incidents of this splendid national eelebratir.onto? We are, unfortunately, old enough to remember the address of the House of Commons to the Duke of Wellington, upon his return from the Penin t ula, delivered with such feeling and eloquence by he then Speaker, the late Lord Colchester. It was remarked upon the occasion, for the scene made great impression through the whole country " That such rewards must make heroes." ''No," replied a veteran fellow soldier of the Duke's, THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 20, IM4. " heroes are never made—least of all are they made by the prospect of rewards, even as precious as this. Heroes are inspired by the consciousness of genius and the con suming sense of duty, which extinguishes all selfish feel ing—when the country gives to them the meed of her approbation, she gratifies herself and honours her self. I, though not accustomed to shed tears, wept like a child at the scene in the House of Commons-- wept for joy, not that I was the hero's fellow soldier, but that - I was an Englishman, and that as an Engli.shenese, I too had my share in paying the debt of gratitude." A feeling of the same kind, though perhaps different in degree, will, we are persuaded, affect every reader of the honours rendered at Liverpool to our great pacific con queror. Apart from these considerations, however, the proceedings upon the occasion are full of interest. Sir H. Pottinger's speech is precisely what might be expected from so great a man. An inferior or less ingenuous per son would have magnified his service by expatiating upon its difficulties, as enormous difficulties the Right Hon. Bart. must have had to encounter. Sir Henry alludes to nothing of the kind : he speaks warmly and generously of the encouragement and support of the Queen's Government, and of the bound less confidence reposed in him ; delights to honour the hearty and effectual co-operation of his naval and military colleagues, and takes a noble pleasure in doing justice to the wisdom and good faith of the diplomatists with whom he had to deal, whom he will scarcely allow to have been opposed to him his own share in the negotiation is treated as nothing. In a word, according to Sir Hen"y Pottinger's account, Sir Henry Pottinger was a mere cipher. You may hear of his talents and labours, the difficulties he overcame, the immense service he rendered to his country everywhere except in his owed speech. This is the true English spirit, the spirit that claims no merit for self in the faithful discharge of duty, however gloriously or successfully the duty has been discharged, but anxiously and gratefully devolves the praise upon all who have contributed to its success. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAT. TIMES.---It well becomes the affluence and enterprise of Liverpool for that city to have distinguished itself by entertaining, foremost of all provincial towns or ports, the distinguished diplomatist to - whom the tribute of merited homage has been already paid by the repre sentatives of the mercantile and trading interests of our great metropolis. What an ample and gratifying triumph is his! The triumph of commerce and civiliza tion, earned by the bravery of our troops, grounded on our national character and good faith, and fairly due to him who, upon his own responsibility, has conducted negotiations most perplexing and arduous with a people most strange and exclusive, and has consummated his work by enlarging the benefits secured to us, indis criminately and impartially, to other nations. And how different such courtesies to the exhibitions which we so often see so ostentatiously paraded to satisfy some popular whim that has its day, or panegyrise some one who passes for a popular hero, till " the ago discovers he's not the true one"—a casualty not alto gether unusual, and always a fortunate result for the public. But how opposite the two instances ! Far dif ferent to words of promise that can end in nothing, rashly and repeatedly uttered for the multitude, when the speaker, entirely hopeless of ever making them effec tual, caters to his ambition or his avarice, and trusts to the lucky incidents of the hour to interfere with his im possible project, and defer the hollow assurance ; and such men have been, and have been followed and feasted. Far different to this—the words, aye, and the deeds, of Sir Henry Pottinger are recorded in the annals of our history, and deserve never to be effaced or forgotten. He has nothing to fear from the variations of the vulgar weathercock, or any reason to dread the drooping laurels of a superseded favourite. Previously to the dinner, ad dresses were presented to Sir Henry by the East India and China Association of Liverpool, and other associated bodies of the trade of that place, congratulatirg him on his safe return to his native land, and expressing their admiration of his character and tire line of policy he had pursued. The dinner may be said to have been worthy of the occasion. It was sumptuous and well attended. The usual toasts were received with the usual accompa niments, and the proper compliment was paid, of course, to the illustrious guest for whom the grand festivity was designed, " whose sagacious, enlightened, and successful policy," as the Mayor observed in proposing his health, "has opened a new world to British enterprise and ca pical." Sir Henry's reply was natural,: modest, and manly ; and there were several topics introduced which well deserve to be remarked and recollected. We are used to count the Chinese (and they pay us the same compliment) as no better than barbarians. But if so, there are among them, upon the unquestionable testi mony of Sir Henry Pottinger, individuals utterly free from any tinge of barbarism, and capable of affording both example and instruction to the most refined people on the face of the earth. If, on the one hand, we have every ground of thankfulness that our Envoy was so well-chosen and so well-qualified for his post, it is at the same time equally pleasing to find that, on the side of the Chinese, a Minister similarly gifted was selected to confer with him. Sir Henry, in speaking of Key-Ing, says —" Than whom a more enlightened statesman I believe is not to be found in any country in the world." "A man fully alive to all the amenities of life, and particularly distin guished by a high sense of honour and good faith, which dictated his conduct throughout all his negotiations with me." " I could tell you, gentlemen, of such instances of Key-Inds high feeling and noble conduct as would astonish you; and I trust at some future period it may please her Majesty's Government not merely to do hire, but the Chinese people justice, by making his dispatches and letters public." We heartily concur with the late Envoy in this hope, that we may have some better means of understanding more accurately the opinions and principles of that distant and hitherto unknown people. The character given of this Mandarin is, besides, the more gratifying, as he is one of the primates of the land, and a blood relation of the Emperor, who may not un• reasonably be surmised to partake of the same senti ments. In giving us this animated sketch of his oriental coadjutor, the Plenipotentiary offers one valuable lesson in general politics ; and by winning us to a better judgment of the character of one Chinese nobleman, helps to enlarge our views of the nation, and to make us more of cosmopolites in framing our treaties and alliances—no inconsiderable improve ment. But he gives us, likewise, another lesson, and a bitter, but very needful, one it is—net to permit our national character to be disgraced by the dissolute habits of those connected with the Chinese trade—a warning that we anxiously desire should be impressed upon all who have influence (and his hearers were pre cisely so situated) in providing a proper remedy for our degradation, to the scandal of the Chinese, the danger of the individuals themselves, and the risk even of a rup ture between the nations. Among the healths of the evening her Majesty's Ministers could not be, and were not, omitted ; and Lord Stanley zealously undertook the welcome office of responding to the honour, on their behalf and his own. There is something at such times generally taken fur granted by the speaker iu alluding to the customary compliment. He usually assumes that his talents, his exertions, his endowments, his wit, and his vigilance, or whatever definite or indefinite virtues or qualifications may be ascribed to him or his friends, are so far ascribed, as matters of course, as the basis of the toast—the foundation of the civility in wishing him health over the wine. He does not ordi narily allude to them himself. Lord Stanley, however, thinks, or for that night at least thought, otherwise ; and as he had a great deal to say, and was in ecstacies at the reception given to the toast, he thought he ought to make them perfectly aware how properly they had applied their cheers and applauses, by assuring them, in good earnest, that they were not at all misplaced ! Their conviction, he told them, was quite right, that those whom they were honouring were " men of integrity and honour;" that they laboured most desperately — nay, most detrimentally, if need were, to " their private comfort, health, time," &c.—all for the welfare of the nation I His adverbs were overpowering. 'Well, they cheered him—that proved how correctly he had spoken, and how his audience assented, and understood him. In London we had the mutual compliments of contending Cabinets ; here we have the exquisite sensibilities of self-approving virtue. We hope that there are more dinners in store for Sir Henry, and that her Majesty's Ministers may take some part in all of them. THE DIFFICULTY OF DIFFI CULTIES. (From the Sentinel.) In 1835, Sir R. Peel announced to the country that his great difficulty was Ireland. That removed, he felt confident that he could maintain his adminia tration against all opposition. Ten years have won derfully changed the state of affairs. The difficulty of Ireland remai ns i n un di m i n i s h e d f orce , b u t added to it is the difficulty of Britain. To make the revenue square with the expenditure—to raise that revenue without destroying industry —to provide employ ment for capital without disturbing vested interests—to liberate trade from the fetters of monopoly—in a word, to reconcile the rights of labour with the rights of property—this is the problem to be solved, this is the difficulty of difficul ties. It is one which does not affect Sir R. Peel alone ; it lies in the path of every man who aspires to the rank of Prime Minister. Hitherto the solici tude of our statesmen has been confined to keeping faith with the public creditor; henceforward they must make arrangements to keep faith with the public debtor. With a general fall of prices, it will be impossible to keep up high taxes. With wheat between forty and forty-five shillings, which will be an average permanent price with average crops, rents must fall, and then the waters of bitterness will rise up and reach the Corinthian columns of society; then will come that conflict between the land holders and the fundholders which wise men have long foreseen, but for which statesmen have made no provision. "It will last our time," said the heartless George the Fourth ; but he had the sagacity to predict that when the proposed day of settlement did arrive, the consequences of violating justice would be awful to the wrong-doers. Already has the cry gone forth from agriculture that it sinks under the pressure of taxation, and a committee of 120 power ful and talented names, aiming at a repeal of the duty on malt, is a warning to Sir R. Peel that even those who placed him in power are now about to demand a recompense which circumstances must compel him to refuse, even should the refusal drive him from the helm of the State. We will submit a few facts and figures to our readers. They may enable them the better to ap preciate the real perils by which we are surrounded, and will give to our argument all the weight of a stern and unaccommodating arithmetic. Let us, then, contrast the fiscal relation of a working man with eleven shillings a week with that of a landholder w ith a rental of one hundred thousand pounds. - William Gladstone, a labourer, presented a petition to the House of Commons, stating that he earned eleven shillings weekly, and that he cousumed one ounce of tea, two ounces of coffee, eight ounces of sugar, eight ounces of meat, eight pounds of flour, seven pints of ale, and one quarter of a pint of brandy. Of these articles, the untaxed price was 2s. 411; the Excise and Customs charged on them was Ss. 41 Gladstone, therefore, paid out of his eleven shillings a week a tax of about fifty per cent. on his necessary food. Let us now inquire into the burdens imposed on the man with a rental of 100,0001. We can fix his land-tax exactly, because we know the rate of the as sessment. We can do the same with the present in come-tax. We can only do so approximately on his consumption of food and his articles of luxury, since these will vary according to his mode of living. Ne vertheless, we may form a pretty accurate estimate ; and this, indeed has been done by Mr. Macintyre, in his work on " Aristocracies." Availing ourselves of his conclusions without filling up our columns with his details and enumerations, we arrive at the follow ing result : Land-tax £2,716 17 11 Income-tax Taxes on consumption.. Direct taxes on articles of luxury, as servants, horses, &c .. 358 11 8 £6,992 2 0 Thus we perceive that the man with 100,0001. per annum pays seven per cent. to the public revenue, while the labourer, such as William Gladstone, pays fifty per cent. If the injustice stopped here, it would be sufficiently infamous ; but the crime against industry is as yet only half disclosed. The landowner, by virtue of the corn laws, compensates himself for the seven per cent. he pays to the State. He does much more, as we proceed to show. We are again indebted to Mr. Macintyre for the following deeply interesting facts. In the British Islands there are 46,522,000 culti vated acres. If the corn-tax only amounted to twenty millions annually, this would increase the rent of those lands Bs. Bd. per acre. The rental of this sur face of soil is computed at 75,000,0001. If the bonus, Ithrough the corn-laws, be taken at the low estimate of twenty millions, it would equal twenty-five pe cent. of this rental, for take away the monopoly the rental would :fall Jo 55,000,0001. Thus, the land owner, with a rental of 100,0001., stands thus:— He levies a private tax on the consu mers of food of • . £25,000 0 0 He pays a personal tax to the State of 6,992 2 0 Net Annual gain ..18,007 18 0 We must entreat the reader to bear with us a little longer in these arithmetical demonstrations. By figures we can best prove the graspings of the oli garchy, and we will do our best to force truth even on the unwilling, and rouse even the sluggard from his deceiving slumbers. If what we are now about to transcribe fails to rouse our readers from apathy, they deserve to have a tax-gatherer permanently do miciliated at their firesides. From 1793 to 1816, the taxation raised was £1,560,000,000 Deduct expenses of country supposing we had been at peace Expense of War £1,100,000,000 O.F this total, the Land paid Industry paid £1,560,000,000 Or, the tax on Property and Land was 8 per cent. The tax on Industry was 92 per cent. In these proportions, then, was the national debt contracted : it was incurred to save the estates of the oligarchy, and they contrived, through their mono poly of legislation, to make the working classes pay nearly the whole cost of the protection. When the danger was over, by the fall of Napoleon, it might have been expected that industry would have re ceived sonic compensation for the fearful sacrifice it had made in the hour of peril. Quite the reverse. The oligarchy first passed a corn-law to raise their own rents, and make those who had saved them from ruin, eat dear bread ; then they abolished the pro perty-tax, which drained their own purses ; thirdly, they converted a paper debt into a metallic debt, and, by so doing, indirectly increased the value of their own rentals, by reducing the price of all commodities. Since then, the working classes have dragged on a wretched existence, at famine wages, while the middle classes have been racked in body and mind to maintain the respectability of their position. All sorts of fallacies have been invented to disguise the truth. Over-population, over-production, too abun dant harvests, and other similar absurdities, have been proclaimed as the causes of the distress, and the reme dies proposed have been just as stupid as the descrip tion of the disease. The people have been studiously deluded by newspapers, whose proprietors derived enormous profits by acting on the money mai ket ; and, whoever ventured to insist on a paper currency, was held up to ridicule and execration, as a bankrupt spe culator, seeking to serve his private ends by issuing " sham" money. That was the phrase. It was a " telling" phrase, and well has it served the purposes of Lombard-street and Capel-court. It is cur duty to tell the working classes of this realm, that unless the taxes are taken off industry and placed on property, relief to them is utterly hopeless. Without this fiscal reform, all the enactments of the Legislature will be valueless as waste paper. Now, there are but two ways of effecting this adjust ment ; either by levying directly the whole of the taxes on property, which would require a rate of about thirty per cent., or by an issue of taxation notes to the amount of the annual expenditure. If gold is continued as the standard and measure of value, and its price kept permanently low by Act of Parliament, profits and wages must remain low, for it is utterly impossible that they can rise above the standard by which they are mea sured. This truth should be ever present to the minds of the people. Only let the acorn -laws be abolished, and wheat will fall down to a scale cor responding with that of all other commodities, and then the full workings of the Bill of 1819 will be felt by the farmers, and when rents fall from this cause, let the fundholders tremble. They will be robbed with the same coolness as the industrious classes have hitherto been robbed. Then the landlords will transfer all their affections from the public creditor to the public debtor. We have shown what they have done in times past, and what they are doing now ; in the same spirit will their future policy be dictated. AGRICULTURAL MUSEUM. (From Punch.) The Agricultural Museum, lately opened under the auspices of the Royal Society of Agriculture, will well repay a visit to the rooms of the Society, in Hanover-square. For the information of persons visiting London, we supply an imperfect catalogue, which will direct the visitor to what are certainly the Lions of the Museum. Case 30. —Very curious, containing specimens of " The English Labourer" (vulg. " The Country's Pride"), natives of the various agricultural counties, presented by different boards of guardians. No. 1. A Buckinghamshire labourer.—Stands feet high—weight, nine stone—colour sallow—eyes sunk—bones very prominent. The smock-frock nine years old—breeches ragged—boots very bad—found in damp cottages. Fed upon bread and water, with a little bacon. When taken, attempted to destroy him self in the house. Mind uncultivated. Habits sullen and brutal. No. 2. A Norfolk labourer.—Characteristics as above. This is one of the incendiary species. Nos. 3,4, 5. Essex, Wiltshire, and Somersetshire labourers.—The curious visitor is requested to ob serve the clothes of these interesting specimens. The cases by the side of each contain portions of their usual food, and a week's wages. Case 40.—Contains a treasure, which is indeed unique, and which the Society feels justly proud of:— A new coat ! I purchased by a labourer with a fa mily, on 7s. a week wages ! As far as the Society can learn, the only one ever exhibited I Case 54.—The identical bat used by Lord Co ningsby in the game at cricket played by his Lord ship with real labourers. There is always a crowd round this case, and no wond er . Case 60.—Asovereign, returned by Lord Radnor to a poor tenant on quarter-day ; sent from High worth. By many considered the gem of the collection. Case 100.—Very old " duties of property," disco vered lately in Ilolderness House, by the Marquis of Londonderry. When furbished they have a very imposing appearance, and Were brought out with groat effect by the noble owner at a recent dinner ns of a new giv c e as n e to l2 h o i S . — te N n a u n m try ero in us Ireland.specimens ine inven tion, called " the rights of labour." The ingenious forefathers,patentee declares tbo ug b thatthe e thesesecret been were lost.known H to e our forefathers, though the secret has been lost. He ex great results from their re -introduction. We are requested to state, that a paragraph which appeared in our last paper, copied from the Perthshire Courier, having reference to the sale of the estates of the late Lord Lyndich in Perthshire, is incorrect in several places. The salts of Lynedoch and Balgowan, to Messrs. Simpson and Thomson, are made by Mr. Graham of Balgowan, not by the trustees of Lori Lyne (loch, and are conditional sales, dependent upon Mr. Graham's power to sell, which is disputed by the heirs of entail, and will form a question in the courts of law —Edinburgh Advertiser. Sir Joseph Radcliffe, Lady Radcliffe, family, and suite, left Rudding Park, Knaresborough, on Wednesday morning, and arrived at the Euston-hotel the same night. Yesterday morning the party left for Blackwell, and embarked on board the General Steam Navigation Company's steam ship Soho, for Antwerp. Sir Joseph is expected to bo absent from London three or four Moths. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. NORTHERN CIRCUIT.--Liverpool, Dec. 18. Eliza Daley, Elizabeth Daley, her daughter, and James Daley, her son, were indicted for unlawfully exposing a child. The parties had been indicted at the last assizes for an attempt to murder, but were acquitted on the ground of a variance between the indictment and the proof. Mr. Hulton and Mr. Pollock conducted the prosecu tion ; the prisoner James Daley was defended by Mr. James. The other prisoners were not defended at aIL It appeared from the statement of the person in whose house the prisoners resided, that on their first coming to the house she had observed, from the appearance of the prisoner Elizabeth, that she seemed in the family way. Witness made the remark to her mother, Eliza. She re plied, she was nothing of the kind, that she had a com plaint before she left Ireland. On the 25th of July James Daley went to his work a little before two o'clock. Wit ness did not know what his business was. The two female prisoners went out about three o'clock. They came back about seven. Elizabeth; went' up stairs. When witness went up she was undressing. She usually occupied, with her mother, a bed in the second room, where witness slept. Miss Daley said she felt unwell, and that she was going to bed. She got into bed. The mother was then in the front parlour. She afterwards took a cup of coffee up to her daughter, and was up and down stairs several times. Wit ness went up about half-past ten o'clock. Eliza Daley was sitting on a box, She had a green dress on. Witness asked what she was doing out of bed. She said she felt poorly, and had got out of bed in conse quence. She went down stairs, and went into the back yard. The night was wet. Witness was in the kitchen about half an hour, and the prisoner was still in the yard. Witness opened the door and called her. This would be about eleven o'clock. She said she would stop a little longer, as it was so cold. Witness said it was too cold for her, and insisted on her coming in, as wit ness wanted to fasten the door. She came in, and walked very quick into the parlour. Witness fastened the kitchen door, and went up stairs. Eliza Daley had a green striped dress. The Daleys were at this time in the front parlour. James Daley came in shortly after, and went into the parlour also. Witness heard voices in the parlour up till near twelve o'clock. Heard voices of two only, apparently Jamesipaley and his mother. About twelve o'clock they, too, came up stairs. Witness saw Mrs. Daley. She came into the room where wit ness was. Saw the light go into the other room where James Daley slept, bnt did not see him. Witness asked Mrs. Daley where her daughter was ? Mrs. Daley said she was down stairs is the kitchen, and had been satin , there to listen to what she and James Daley had beer' saying. Witness shortly after heard two loud screams of a baby at the back of the house, apparently farther off than her yard. Witness went and called to James Daley to hare a candle, as she wanted to go down stairs. Wit - ness waited a short time, and then got out of bed and called on James Daley again to bring the candle. John Roberts, witness's nephew brought it. 'Witness went down into the kitchen. Miss Daley was sitting by the fire. She had a dress loosely thrown round her shoulders. 'Witness said, " Miss Daley, you're in labour, I've been suspecting it some time." Witness then called Mrs. Jackson down stairs. On her coming down, Miss Daley said, " What do you want here ? Go to your bed." James Daley came down stairs, saying, " Oh, my life and my character !" Witness said his sister was in labour, and that she had told his mother of it many a time. Mrs. Daley said it was nothing of the kind. James Daley begged witness to be silent. He said he believed his mother, and that there was nothing amiss. He said she need not be alarmed. Witness tried to go to the back door, but he got hold of her arms, and begged of her not to go. He took the candle out of witness's hands, and put it on the table. Witness had before this spoken of calling in a policeman. 'Witness did not go into the yard. Mrs. Jackson and witness finally went up stairs. Left James Daley below. Witness called„ to him to come up stairs. He said he would come pre sently. They were about an hour in the kitchen toge ther. When witness went up stairs she found Miss Daley in bed. Witness asked her if it was as she thought,Ap tell her, and she should have every help a woman required ? She said she would have nothing. Mrs. Daley went to bed to her daughter. Miss Daley told witness to put out the candle. 'Witness went to bed. There was a light in the kitchen with James Daley; it was moving about. Witness did not fall asleep till daylight. Did not hear James Daley go to bed. Heard Elizabeth Daley say, in the middle of the night, " Whatever shall Ido ?" To which the mother replied, " D—n your soul, be silent." Witness went to sleep; awoke about six o'clock; Miss Daley was still in bed; she was sitting in the middle of the bed, putting on a clean dress. Mrs. Daley came up in a minute or two, bringieg a damp towel with her, which she gave to her daughter. Miss Daley wiped her hands and face with it. Mrs. Daley said " Hurry, Bess." Miss Daley took out some flannel out of a box, and put it round her under her dress. [Witness then detailed the appear ance of the bed.] Witness afterwards saw Mrs. and Miss Daley in the parlour. James Daley was looking down stairs. Miss Daley then went into the kitchen. Her mother brought her boots. Witness asked where she was going to send her daughter. She said she was going somewhere about her own business. Evidence was adduced to show that the mother, early in the morning, had beea s. en going with a bundle into a passage communicating with an aperture through which anything might be dropped into an adjoining ash-pit. In this ash-pit was found a male child, which seemed, when discovered, apparently dead, but which, by the exertions of the woman who found it, was finally recovered, and is still alive. It was wrapped in an old cloak, which was recognised as having belonged to Miss Daley. James Daley, Not Guilty; Eliza Daley and Elizabeth Daley, Guilty. To be imprisoned twelve calendar months. NORFOLK ClRCUlT.—Norwich, Dec. 18. (Before Mr. Justice WILLIAMS.) Ansore.—John Rutland, aged 33, was indicted for ma liciously and feloniously setting fire to a barley-stack, the property of Daniel Dix, of Twyford, in this county, on Sunday, the 10th of November last. Mr. Evans appeared for the prosecution ; Mr. William Cooper defended the prisoner. The evidence adduced in support of this charge was of a purely circumstantial character, and by no means re markable j t in its details. It appears that the prisoner lives not very far from the residence of the prosecutor, a small farmer, in one of whose fields, and near the road side, stood the stack in question, about 200 yards off the cottage of the prisoner. This stack was all safe at four o'clock in the afternoon, but at eight o'clock at night the prisoner came to the prosecutor and informed him that it was on fire, adding, that as he was on his way home from eneighbouring:village he met his wife, who told him of it, and he thought it right to tell the prosecutor too. Upon this the neighbours assembled, while the prisoner was dispatched to Foulsham for help. On approaching the stack it was found all in a blaze towards the south east end, the mischief having evidently been well con conceived and executed, the wind being then fa vourable to the speedy progress of the flames. There being no water at hand the whole stack was consumed, and property to the amount of 701. ut terly destroyed in about ten minutes. On searching the vicinity a short stick was found under the hedge with a half-burnt rag attached to one end, which, on being examined by a chemist, was ascertained to have been steeped in turpentine, a fact which met with a sin gular coincidence in the discovery of a bottle of turpen tine in the prisoner's house, on the outside of which were marks indicating that some of its contents had been re cently poured out. Under these circumstances suspicion fell upon the prisoner, who, according to his own state ment, could not have been far off when the flames burst out; and on further inquiry in was ascertained that on the afternoon of the 10th, he had, while discussing " the Carston fire " at the " Guist Swan" with his neighbours, openly said that " there would be a fire at Mr. Dix's be fore the year was out." Itwas shown that some " words" had passed between him and the prosecutor on the occa sion, the latter complaining that he had not paid his rent to his landlord, by whom he (Mr. Dix) had been autho rised to collect it. Mr. COOPER having addressed the jury on behalf of the prisoner, His LORDSHIP summed up the case to them, leaving it to them to say whether, on the whole evidence adduced before them they had any reasonable doubt of the guilt of the prisoner. The case was entirely for their consi deration, and they would deal with it according to the best of their judgment. The jury having deliberated together for a short titae, returned a verdict of Guilty.—Sentence was deferred. Leonard Aldis, aged twenty-two, was indicted for ma liciouly and feloniously cutting and stabbing one Robert Smith, with a knife, on the 24th of November, with in tent to do him some grievous bodily harm. Mr. Evans appeared for the prosecution, and Mr. Palmer for the prisoner. It would appear that, on the day named in the indict ment, the prisoner and one Rudd had met the prosecutor and two other youths at a public-house in Rockland St. Mary, together with some girls, when a discussion arose as to the name of the person who had recently broken some windows in the parish. On the one hand the pro secutor's party cast the blame on the prisoner, while he and his friend retorted the insinuation, and accused the prosecutor of being the guilty man. These charges being stoutly adhered to on both sides, the company broke up in " most admired disorder," the prisoner and his friend going off in high dudgeon. Soon after the prosecutor and his friends quitted the public-house ; but in a few moments the two parties were again thrown together. This unexpected collision rekindled the slumbering quarrel, and in a few moments there was a general " turn up," Rudd saying that he and his friend would " wait upon the other gentlemen, though there were three of them." In the midst of the melee which ensued blows were exchanged between the prosecutor and the prisoner, who ultimately inflicted several wounds on the face, fingers, and jacket of his adversary, and then fled away at the top of his speed. On the foll ow i ng d ay t h e police were set in motion, and the prisoner being apprehended on the complaint of the prosecutor, conduct e d th e p o li ceman to hi s master's tur nip-field, where he said he had thrown away his knife, and that being found here marks of recent blood. Mr. PALMER addressed the jury on behalf of the pri soner, contending that the case was of too trumpery a character to warrant a conviction for felony, and urging , that, as he had been dogged and attacked, it might well be that lie had resorted to the knife in self-defence, in which event he was entitled to a verdict of acquittal. Mr. Justice WILLIAMS, is his observations to the jury, could not by any means admit that the use, or rather the abuse, of a deadly weapon could be lightly recognised 1 as justifiable for the purpose of self-defence. The quar rel, such as it was, between these parties, or the pressure ' on the prisoner, was not of a chars cter to require any thing beyond the weapons with which nature had pro vided every man. The jury having found the prisoner Guilty of a com mon assault, he was, after a suitable admonition, sen teneed to three h2o4the' imprimpuent, OXFORD ClRCUlT.—Stafford, Dec. 18. (Before Mr. Justice CoLTMAN.) Joseph Penn, aged 52, was indicted for the wilful mur der of Prudence Hughes, at Sedgley, on the night of the 23d of September. Mr. Yardley and Mr. Huddleston appeared for the prosecution; Mr. Allen and Mr. Keyser for the prisoner. From the evidence adduced on behalf of the Crown it appeared that the prisoner and the deceased had coha bited for several years, during which intercourse she had given birth to several children, whom the prisoner had supported. On the evening of the 23d of September the prisoner, deceased, and several companions, were drink ing at the Hare and Hounds, in Dudley, until midnight, when the party returned homewards to Sedgley, more or less intoxicated. On the road some unexplained mis understanding arose between them, in which the deceased received a cut on the lip from the prisoner, but they be came reconciled, separated from their friends, and pro ceeded on their journey. Between one and two o'clock in the night the sound of blows and stifled shrieks were heard by persons residing near the highway, and some proof was adduced to identify the prisoner and his com panion as the parties engaged in the disturbance. Later in the night two policemen discovered the prisoner in the act of raising the deceased from the road, a quantity of fresh blood flowing copiously from her person, with which the smock-frock of the prisoner was deeply imbued. He in formed the officer that the woman was his wife, and that he thought she was in the act of miscarrying, where upon all united in transporting the sufferer to a neigh bouring tavern, where medical aid was promptly pro cured, and where, in spite of surgical aid, the unfortunate woman died in a few hours. In her dying moments she declared to her medical attendant that the injuries she was dying from had been occasioned by a fall, and not from blows or kicks inflicted by the prisoner, which statement this gentleman undertook from the postmortem examination to describe as incorrect. After a very powerful and argumentative speech from Mr. ALLEN, The Learned JUDGE explained to the jury the requi site distinctions between murder, manslaughter, and the conviction for an assault, and after a brief deliberation they found the prisoner Guilty of Manslaughter. Sentence was deferred. The trial of Mr. Sherriff, Mr. Hildreth, and Miss Railton, for " the strange doings" at Wolverhampton, is fixed for the sitting of the Court to-morrow morning. It has been a matter of surprise to many that the Home Secretary has not sent down another Judge to assist Mr. Justice Coltman in disposing of the heavy calendar of offences at this place. Witnesses have been already de r tained in several cases for upwards of a week. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. OLD COURT. (Before Mr. Baron ROLFE.) THE LATE BANK FORGERY.—TRIAL OF BURGESS. (Continued from our Afternoon Edition of yesterday.) Thomas Agar—l am a teller in tho issue department of the Bank. I got an order to get gold to the amount of 10,000/. I got it in ten bags of 1,000/. each. I was desired to pay 8,000/. of it. The person to whom it was paid had a carpet-bag and two canvas-bags. He put the money into the canvas-bags, and put them into the carpet-bag. Mr. Gibbon examined—l am a bookseller. Had an appointment at the Bank for two o'clock on Tues day, the 3d of September. I was in the out-teller's office. I saw the prisoner Burgess there. I said, " How do you do, Sir ? " He did not answer me. W. Dent Ede, a clerk in the Bank, proved he re ceived the notes. Leonard Dean, a porter in the Bank, proved that he brought ten bags of 1,0001. to the issue depart ment. The person who was to get 8,0001. emptied eight of the bags into two canvas-bags. I assisted him in taking out the bags. There was a carriage outside, into which the bags were put. John Ray examined—l am a clerk in the power of -attorney office. I saw the prisoner, in the middle of the day, turning out of Cornhill into Birchin-lane. There was an elderly person with him, whom I did not know. He was a stout person, of a ruddy complexion. They were going towards the river. Mr. Cohen examined—l live in Vinegar-yard. My father keeps a general shop. The prisoner came there on the 2d of September. He asked the price of a portmanteau ; he was told 31. He asked to have three bags, very strong, to fit in the bottom of the port manteau. He said they were to be sent to the Coach and Horses public-house, St. Martin's-lane. There was a deposit asked for. He desired to have the port manteau blacked over. The portmanteau produced I believe to be the same. Mr. Patsell examined—l am a boot and shoe maker, in George-street, Portman-square. I knew a person named Joseph Elder. I knew the prisoner at the bar. I knew them for about two years. I saw them at the George Townsend public-house, Oxford street. I saw the prisoner there, in the com pany of Elder. I saw him afterwards at Moor gate, with Elder. About three or four months after Elder asked me if I knew any one who could accommodate the prisoner with board and lodging? I said!' did not,know. In July last I had a vacancy for a lodger in my house, and I wrote to inform him of it. The prisoner came to my house. Elder used to come there. He was there on the Ist of September, about a quarter before one. They were in the room inside the shop. When I went in they said they would go up stairs. They remained there till dinner. They then came down. Elder re mained to dine. After dinner I lay down on the sofa, and heard the prisoner mention " a power of attorney." Elder said, " How is it to be done ?" The prisoner said, " It is like placing two boxes on this table, and taking it out of one and putting it into the other." Eider said, "Is it to be Tuesday or Wednesday ?" The prisoner said, " I don't know ; I will tell you to-morrow." On Monday Elder was at my house three times. He called for a bird which Burgess had. He afterwards came and took away the bird, and subsequently his umbrella. I saw them together about ten o'clock at the George Townsend public-house. I did not see them together on the Tuesday. Burgess went out about half-past nine. I saw him about half-past three again. When he called in the afternoon he paid me 71. in gold. That was money he owed me. He left my house between half-past three and half-past four. I did not see him any more till he was brought up at the Mansion house. He told me, in August, he had 2,0001. in the Funds. On the Ist September he said he would have some money next week. He said his friend George was going to sell out. Elder was a man of about fifty years. He was stout and tall. Cross-examined—l heard of this forgery on the 9th. I told Forrester on that day all I have stated to-day. I was not examined at the Mansion-house. James Wilkinson examined—l am a stable-keeper in Portman-mews. I let out carriages to hire. The prisoner hired a phaeton on the 3d. I saw Elder at the corner of the street when the prisoner took away . the phaeton. Elder was about forty-five years of age. The prisoner said he wanted a strong carriage. John Warren examined—l keep the George Townsend public-house in Oxford-street. A person named Joseph Elder lodged there up to September. The prisoner used to visit there frequently in the beginning of September. On the 3d, about three o'clock, he took leave of me. William Drake examined—l was, on the 3d of September, at the corner of Portman-street, Oxford street. I saw a one-horse open carriage drive along. The prisoner was driving it. He asked me to go along with him—that he wanted some person to bring the horse and phaeton back to Mr. Wilkinson's. I went with him to several places. He used to leave me outside when he went into the places we called at. I saw a large parcel in the phaeton, and two others which he brought from Mr. Shackleton's. He then went to the Coach and Horses in St. Mar tin's-lane, and I took the phaeton to Mr. Wilkinson's. Arness examined—l am a coachman. I know the prisoner and Elder. They came together to my house on the 3d of September. Ben Caunt examined—l keep the Coach and Horses in St. Martin's-lane. About a week before the 3d of September the prisoner came to my house, dressed in a white coat and a pair of top-boots. He said he had a farm in the country which he would sell and go to America. He said he would have 8,0001. or 9,0001., and would have six soldiers to guard him. He asked me if I could give him a private room, and he would pay me we ll. I sa id I wou ld if I could. He came two or three days afterwards with a portmanteau and three bags. The portmanteau was taken into my bed-room. The portmanteau produced is the one which was left at my house. The prisoner culled at my house on the 3d of September, but I was not at home. Robert Caunt proved that the prisoner and a soldier came to the Coach and Horses on the 3d of Septem ber. They had a carpet-bag. The prisoner and the soldier took it in. It appeared to be very heavy. They took it into the room. I heard a jingle in the room, and I looked through the curtain. I saw that it was gold. Some of the gold got loose, and Burgess was taking it out of the carpet-bag. There were two canvas-bags in the carpet-bags. I asked the prisoner where he was going with so much gold. He said he was going to put it into the Edinburgh Bank. Elder came in afterwards. The prisoner asked me where the portmanteau was. I said it was locked up in my brother's room, and he was out. Elder said if money could get it they should have it. The lock of the door was picked, and the portmanteau was brought down. The canvas-bags were put into this portmanteau. Elder went for a cab, and when it came he pressed the prisoner to go, saying that if he did not, he would go without him, as his time was up. Burgess paid about 3/. for wine and other things. The prisoner and the soldier took out the portmanteau, and Elder and the prisoner went into the cab. James Gingle, a soldier in the Foot Guards, was called, and corroborated the statement of the last witness.. John Hughes, who had been at the Coach and Horses on the gd, deposed to the same facts. George Benbow, porter of the Mersey Hotel, Li verpool, proved that the prisoner and another person came to the hotel early on the morning of the 4th. They asked for a private room, where their luggage would be safe, They had portnAntqu ; wl4ch wao very heavy. In the course of the day the prisoner asked me to take the portmanteau to the Britannia steam-ship. I put the portmanteau into a small-boat. Jchn Hewitt examined—l am the Captain of the Britannia. I sailed from Liverpool about half-past twelve o'clock on the 4th. I was not aware for three or four days that the prisoner was one of the pas sengers. There was another person with him. He was an elderly person, of about 45. They went by the name of Ellis. The prisoner called the other person uncle. _ _ _ John Forrester examined—l received a warrant for the apprehension of Burgess and Elder. I went to America with Mr. Bord, of the Bank of England. I landed at Halifax. I then went to Boston. Elder passed there under the name of Ellis. I took him on the 31st of October. On his coming home about one o'clock I showed him the warrant, and said, " Your name is Joseph Elder." He said, Yes. I then took him, and found 400 sovereigns in the black trunk. I found some cards with the name of " Ellis." I found some letters addressed " Joseph Elder." I then pro. ceeded in search of Burgess. I found he was about fifteen miles from Boston, at a small village. I was accompanied with an American officer, and I stopped there that night. On the following day I went back to Boston, and on the next day I went to Brew ster's Island, which is about 11 miles from Boston. I found the prisoner there in a wooden cottage. I knew him before. He said to me, " How are you, John ?" I said, " I am very well, and lam very sorry to see you in such a situation." He said, "So am I ; but it can't be helped now, old fellow." We then went away. When in the boat he said, " Where is Elder ?" I said, "He made away with himself." He said, " Well, I think he was a fool for that ; he might as well have seen it out." I got the carpet-bag now produced after the prisoner was secured. At Nahant 120 sovereigns were handed to me by the American officer. I brought over 6,5001. to the Bank. I brought it from Mr. Blackford, the agent to the Bank of England. The prisoner said there was money at the Merchants' Bank of Boston, and he would be glad to sign it over to the Bank of England. Mr. Sharpe, of the Bank of England, proved th';it he posted the transfer of the 6,5001. into the ledger book, to the credit of Muspratt, Story, and Whiting. The case for the prosecution having closed, Mr. BODKIN addressed the jury on behalf of the prisoner, and begged their attention, in his opinion already too long occupied by the prosecution, to the few observations he felt bound to make on behalf of the accused ; but before coming to his defence, he felt bound to make some comments upon the mode in which this prosecution had been got up. In this country it was customary that the accused should be furnished with a copy of all the evidence against him; but in this instance there were several witnesses pro duced who were not examined at the Mansion-house, and whose evidence was altogether new. He thought it unworthy of a great body like the Bank of England that they should adopt such a course. The Learned Gentleman then went on to say, that the prisoner was now on his trial for uttering a forged transfer, well knowing it to be forged. Now, to constitute this crime it was necessary that he should have control over it for some time, and that he should have given it to another person ; but he contended that there was nothing in the evidence to show that the prisoner had at any time control over it. The next point was, that the prisoner might have believed the stock was really Elder's, who might have put it in under the name of Oxenford, which was sometimes done ; and if that were so, he might have witnessed the name of Elder without committing any offence under the Act of Parliament under which he was tried. And if he was a party in the hands of Elder, it might be easily supposed that, having done this, he would have cast himself into the hands of his betrayer, and his subsequent conduct would be thus explained. The Learned Gentleman dwelt at some length on the various circumstances of the case, and laboured to show that they would be quite consistent with the view in which he was presenting the transaction to them. William Goodered Baker, Alexander Masters, and others, gave the prisoner a good character. Mr. Baron ROLFE summed up the evidence, and the jury, after a quarter of an hour's consideration, re turned a verdict of Guilty. Mr. Baron ROLFE then addressed the prisoner, and said that the charge had been brought home to him with a degree of clearness seldom attained in a court of justice. A few years ago the crime of which he had been found guilty would have subjected him to the punishment of death, and it would have assu redly been carried into effect. Since that punish ment had been abolished, it had been the subject of much debate whether its effects were good or evil. Thinking it, as he did, a merciful and proper remission of so dreadful a penalty, he felt it necessary to prevent, as far as in his power lay, the necessity of re-enacting it, and, therefore, in grave cases like the present, he felt it necessary to pass the fullest sentence of the law, as it now stands, which was that he, William Burgess, should be transported beyond the seas for the term of his natural life. The prisoner was then removed from the bar. Towa . rds the conclusion of the trial he seemed to have grown rather alarmed. He turned very pale, and remained so to the end. The hurt he received in his leg appeared to have lamed him severely. He is a tall, clownish-looking young man, with a rough head of bushy red hair. The turnkey assisted him from the bar. METROPOLITAN VISITING AND RELIEF ASSOCIATION. Yesterday the first annual meeting of the subscribers to this charitable Association was held at the Hanover square Rooms. It was rather a numerous assemblage. The Lord Bishop of LONDON, President of the Insti tution, took the chair soon after two o'clock. His Lord ship, in opening the business, stated that the Association had been formed for promoting the relief of destitution in the metropolis, and for improving the condition of the poor by means of parochial and district visiting, under the superintendence and direction of the Bishop and clergy. The utility of such an Institution was obvious. He was ready to acknowledge that where distress was found general relief was given, but that was not enough: to give proper aid where it was wanted they ought to make themselves acquainted with the distress and evils of life. This had been done by the visiting committee, and if a Marge sum had been properly applied in the re lief of distress they had discharged the duties of Chris tianity. The system of visiting the poor, in the different metropolitan districts, had been universally successful. The visitors had added more than 1,000 persons to their original number. They were conveying blessings from the rich, not merely to the dwellings of the poor, but absolutely to the poorest. By perseverance in their great work they would do much good. He looked upon this Association as the beginning of improvement in the condition of the poor. Unless, however, their efforts had the support of benevolence, his expectation would not be answered. It was their duty to inquire into distress and relieve it. The Right Rev. Prelate expressed himself thankful for having been able, as Bishop of London, to support many of the destitute population of London. He could assure the meeting, that so far as support could be extended it would not be wanted.—(Applause.) He concluded by calling on the secretary to read the report, and which was read accordingly. The details were most interesting. Lord SANDON rejoiced that he had been found among those around him who had promoted the good object. He considered it his duty to move that the report they had heard read be adopted. Some objections had been made to it, and one was that they had not expended all their money before they applied for more. The Society in nine months had expended all but 9001., and they left it to the generosity of the public to enable them to pro ceed further. He did hope the cause would be left in the hands of the clergy, and that they would raise fifteen or eighteen thousand pounds to go on. They must have funds of no ordinary dimensions to support this great work cf charity. He expected the rich inhabitants of the west of London, and the bankers of the east would contribute liberally to the relief of the distressed poor. Upon an object of this magnitude, one so great and noble, the charitable should not hesitate, in order to find some error or fault which persons might commit in their endeavours to do good. The Noble Lord moved that the meeting do agree to the report. The Rev. Mr. CIIAMPNEYS seconded the resolution, which was carried unanimously. Sir R. H. INGLIs said his Noble Friend had spoken of objections elsewhere, made by muddle-headed admirers of the old school of political economy, which in the cause of charity might be overlooked. He concluded by moving that the proceedings of the clergy in the appli cation of the funds had not disappointed the expectation of their doing spiritual good. The Hon. and Rev. BAPTIST NOEL (one of the Com mittee) seconded the resolution, and eulogized the con duct of the visitors. The Rev. T. Aux supported the proceedings of the Committee, and moved a resolution to the effect that the object they had in view was deserving of support. It having been seconded and carried, the noblemen and gentlemen who went out of the Committee by rota tion were re-elected, and after other routine business the meeting separated. THE ROYAL MILITARY ASYLUM, CLIELSEA•—It was arranged a short time since that the telegraph on the ' roof of the Royal Military Asylum, in connexion with that at the Admiralty, and continuing over Wanstead heath in a direct line to Portsmouth, should 'be taken down, and removed, with the whole of the machinery necessary for working it, to the Royal Hospital, in con sequence of it having bean found that the steeple of the handsome new church now in course of erection on the Marquis of Westminster's estate in Pimlico, at the west end of Chester-square, would be greatly in the line of view, and would effectually prevent its being worked for the important purposes for which it was erected ; the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty sanctioning the removal on the condition that the Noble Marquis should be at the sole expense of the removal, and of refitting the same in its new position. We understand that it has since been determined not to erect the telegraph on the roof of the ho,pital, some fresh difficulty having presented itself, but to remove the whole apparatus to the southern end of the original building, from which spot it can be worked without any interruption, the change causing i but very trifling inconvenience to the establishment, on the pOOllO4 4114ffffing tip rurpit equally well, i MASTER MARINERS and MATES SOUTH SHIELDS, DEC. 14.—A meeting has just been held here of the Marine Board, some time since established for the examination of masters and mates, and the report mad e by th 3 co mmittee is veryin teresting, and shows the exertions of the parties to be of the utmost value to the shipping interest. The report states that the examiners have not been inattentive to the duties for which they were elected; and it is gratifying to show that the number of ar plicants who have attended for examination is on the increase : • Mates passed the board, and obtained certificates, last year Refused certificates:— From incompetency and ignorance of the coast and 3 of navigation Not having been full two years mate, and therefore 2 not examined Want of testimonials of c h arac t er . Total 54 Of the 47 who obtained certificates, two passed , for navigation and nautical astronomy, in Class 1; 2 1 passed, for coasting and plain navigation, in Class 2 ; and 24 passed, as coasters only, in Class 3. The report refers to the six preceding years, and the result is as follows: First year—Applicants examined and granted cer -46 tificates . 48 Second year—Ditto, ditto Third year—Ditto, ditto 34 Fourth year—Ditto, ditto 40 Fifth year—Ditto, ditto 47 Sixth year—Ditto, ditto Total 240 The amount received for certificates during th e last twelve months was 681. 55., from which, deduct ing the charges of conducting the establishmen t, together with a donation of 101. 10s. presented to the Master Mariners' Asylum, South Shields, a balanc e remained in the treasurer's hands of 121. The attendance of the examiners was constant and regular, and their services entirely gratuitous. Th e applicants are examined on trigonometry and nseL" gation, without the assistance of any schoolmaster or other person. Up to this time the Society had mad e four donations to the Mariners' Asylum out of the surplus balances of their fund, amounting to 541.95. The board had observed with feelings of gratifies; tion that a variety of good effects had been produ4ce°, in the locality by thi s vo l un t ary i ns tit u t i onbl nautical schools were better attended, a gradual Sn'A marked improvement was apparent in the seamen who presented themselves for examination, not °nit in the theory and practice of navigation, but also t he higher branches. The young mate as he proceeds along the coast sets himself earnestly to work, i n order to become acquainted with its dangers and i . ts difficult navigation, so that he may be able to obta in a certificate, and become a master. Thus a path to promotion is open to the talented and enterprisiek without being obli g ed t o wa it f or it f rom chance, or favour, or delay. The same i nc it emen t stim u istes them to learn the use of charts and nautical inS tril ments. These are the pr ac ti ca l resu lt s; an d the mor al influence which the board exercises cannot of course be ascertained, but it is certain the effect has be en acknowledged by many. Ear ,l The report alludes to the case o f th e s hip —a Vane, which p u t b ac k i n J u l y l as t, on a voyage. I° Archangel, in consequence o f t h e mas t er attemptin g to scuttle the vesse l, w hi c h, h av i ng cre ated mu ch interest in th e p u bli c m i n d, i s o f importance. T h e master being quite una cqua i n t e d w ith the rudim e n ts of plain navi ga ti on , hi s d u t y d evo l ve d ent i re ly 011 ' mate, who, feeling by this means his own importanc e ] ; appears to have treat e d th e cap t a i n w ith mil e , tyranny and harshn ess , an d b roug h t on t e mPen , insanity. Ind e p en d en t o f th e great d anger t o vvul e this vessel was exposed under charge of so ineunW e i . ; tent a comma n d er , it i s easy t o perce i ve h ow a tne s ,„," - i t on a voyage t o th e Whit e S ea , i gnoran t o f his inns essential duty, must quickly ce ase t o r e t a in over s_ crew either respect or sub or di na ti on , an d affords r : ' convincing proof of the necessity that both mas te . and mates on suc h voyages s h ou ld b e d u l y qu alified' „ navigation. The report recommends that on all occasions of lots of or stranding o f s hip s a con ti nua ti on o f th e system , inquiry into the causes and circumstances, the sA9l_ as is practised in the na v y, w ill a l ways s trengthen good effects sought to be obtained by the establisn. went, and that whether suc h m i s f or t une s be ca u s e : s by neglect in the use of the l ea d, or o ther remissne ss of duty on the part of the o ffi cers , t o p u nish them by suspension or dismissal from command. At the time the board presented its report the pre vious year, the shipping interest was threatened with, a Bill, having for its object the compulsory erection of Parliamentary Boards for the examination of seam intended to be masters and mates_, and likewise to found and maintain scho o ls a t the expense of th e shipowner. The Government, however, have sine * stated that it is not intended to pass that measure' but, on the contrary, have notifikl that all seaport!, desiring the establishment of vo l un t ary mar ine boards will be encouraged and assisted by a legislative enactment in preparation f o r th a t p ur p o se. Tb ie t b s quite in accordance with a r eso l u ti o n passed 11 " t l as t annual meeting of the ma n a g i ng un d er writers r year, and will allay the apprehension that ilnP re P e persons would obtain the situation of examiners. ; li g The report concludes by th e exam i ners expre ss i ng their readiness during their continuance in ogee carry out the object s o f th e i ns tit u ti on by a strict l y I, practical system, fr ee f rom a ll use l ess an d theoret lll , interrogations, and influe nce d by a conviction o f beneficial results of voluntary establishments, such w 0 as the present, on th e seamen an d mar iti me pePu,.. iv t tion. They also desi re t o pl ace it on re cord tin every seaman who has obtained a certificate from tr e ; board was com p e t en t t o f u lfil th e d ut i es o f a Ines' mariner in the class to whi c h h e was ra t e d, whatev er _. his after conduct mi g ht b e , an d th a t no exann; - who had not himself been actively engaged in o f difficult and d angerous nav i ga ti on o f th e coast England, could undertake the examination of seeolv io intended for comman d i n th a t t ra d e, an d th e sam e „.• respect to many o th er b ranc h es o f mar itime exper t and knowledge. the The shipping i n t eres t i s deeply indebted to d, shipowners at S ou th Shi e ld s f or originating so „ able an institution, and there is no doubt it will invaluable to th e mas t ers an d mar i ners, and in4ll - their welfare and general happiness. STATE or THE Tr - rm.—The so m mu latior:a e r ships, from th e l a t e con t rary w i n d s an d strong sea ieA bar, is now s o grea t, th a t t h e h ar b our at Shi e lds is _ c i very dangero us condition; and if any of our friends Sub neighbours in Newcastle or Shields are sceptical e ll° t te to doubt, or obtuse enough not to understand , . ne pressing necessity which exists for proper mooring b el . o : laid d o w n i n t h e r i ver, an d f or a n i ght pol i ce to be 1 02 1 0 tained thereon, we respectfully invite them, before V is termed a sea tide comes, when the ships can get „°, O l to take b oa t a t th e hi g h- en d o f S outh Shi e ld s , seu„, % e a leisurely d own to t h e L ow Li ghts, an d they "'tier every berth, sa f e or unsafe, fully occupied. If an° ri fle& of light vessels should come in b e f ore the sent loadcn fleet be gone, they will be obliged r. s t r o, up to Jarr ows l a k e , an d b r i ng up. I n many ea twelve ships and upwards are in one tier, raooN- pr.. wooden po s t s on th e s h ore . Th ese pos t s are or Tate property ; and when the tides are very stronnef the flood of the country water comes down heavy LIN/ frequently b rea k, an d occas i on t h e t i ers t o gets n - 00 forcing the ship s i n t o co lli s i on , an d d r i v i ng them l the hank, so that consid era bl e d amage i s done. Su °- _1, 0 P frost become severe this winter, and the ice brew-ear suddenly, most serious disasters would ensue. W ri e o ke nestly trust that the conservators of the river Iv.; co y this matter into their d ee p cons id era ti on .— TyneJ'‘r BIRTHS. l a dy the On the 17th inst., at Tawstock Court, Devon, Edward J. Weld, Esq., of a son. tb e On the 16th i ns t., . a t B ou l ogne . sur-bier, this Lady' 47 Hon. Henry Graves, of a daughter. 1 , wife On the 23d ult., a t Vill a C ors i , near Fl or ence, the Alfred Lambert, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. o n of A• On the 27th ult., at St. Olave's Jewry, William' 21 - -- ,, te r W. Ehnslie, Esq., to Elizabeth Sarah, youngest ding" Burton Mumford, Esq., of Bishop's Stortford, Herts:„ A „, t v On the 14th i ns t., a t St. P ancras N ew Church, Di um- ie , to Joseph, Esq., o f U pper Ch ar l ot t e - s t ree t, Fitzroy-scl u fal ow. Fanny Ellen, on ly d aug ht er o f Phili p G oo d e , Esq.' ° land-street, Fitzroy-square. /rangy On the 17th inst., at Longparish, Hants, the Rev.- to Edward Durnford, Fellow of - King's College, Ca inb eoin ' r Frances Isabella, youngest daughter of Captain John son, R.N. t i n JOs e Lloyd, Esq., of Cranagh, eldest son y On the 17th inst., at West Alvington Church, Jn— of Lleydsborougb, Tipperary, to Marv, late Edmund N. W. Fortoscue, Esq., of Fallapit, C. On the 18th inst., at Rickrnansworth, Herts, l e i ne jove Belt, of the Middle Temple, barrister -at - law , t(1 --11 -03 ' youngest j g o e hli s t dLalu7bdi 5 21 / .7 Avice Anne, eldest daughter of Humphry William 1Y uu Esq., of Croxley House, Harts. Erg., of Kirby House, Berks. DIED. of At B arton. Mere, Suffolk, Esq., Ckair ll3sll Session. On the 17th inst., Harriet, fourth daughter of John Bu tter ' Thomsts Quayle, On the 18 •th inst., Charles Bentleld, fourth son of }lr. it Lowe, of N 2 elson-terrace, Stoke Newington. I' OA On th Bry , m e_7th ult., Mary, widow of the late Sir S..—g e On the Bart,, of Denton- court, near Canterbury'. are, ° id 1 inst., at Marcello, in Tuscany, Marg wife of Henry Donkin, Esq. On the 13th ' inst., at Newcastle-upon-Tyneswife of John Gibson On the 16th • lust Gibson, Esq. su..- s i n gtoos ~ at Ararlborough-terrace, n-en cutfolk• Sarah, ' _ i relict of the late Samuel Bell, Esq., of flo_pton , k , A pi a 0 1 the 16th inst at Streetlev,B k IV ilr larn er s, Church, Esq., aged 25. " sca t ' Om tl 16 h inst., le t Thomas Ashton, Esq., of Great Pre street, aged 49. Ad M. On the 17th inst ,at Pentonville, R. Tripp, Esq. m- - t On the 17th •• M b ldi inst., in arlborough- ut ngs, , Blab liober Peel, Esq. t. On the 17th inst., Mr. William Watson, of Hanvray-stre.fie _ On the 17th inst., at Kensington, Elizabeth, widow ot 1 , late Thomas Neill, Esq., ofTurnhan s ..,.. of London : Printed and Published by MIIRDO YOU .Lwt 112, No. 112, Strand, Printer, at Tke S u n OfiSca, No. et Strand, in the Preciact of the Savoy, in tile No. iXidsilefia, Fritlsy, Doom* 1 0 , ;Ws ,