The Sun. — London, England, 1836-03-18 00:00:00

COURT CIRCULAR. Hi s Majesty left St. James's soon after six o'clock on Wed oaesday evening for Windsor Castle. e _His Royal — Highness the Prince Ferdinand of Portugal ar yisved at the Duchess of Kent's apartments in Kensington wililace Yesterday, at half-past one o'clock, from Sittingbourne, i_ ae re his Royal Highness had passed the night, having ttiled at Ramsgate on Wednesday afternoon, from Calais. , His Royal Highness was accompanied by his father and ADrother, their Serene Highnesses the Princes Ferdinand and ugustus of Saxe Coburg and the Prince of Leiningen. In Royal Highness's suite were Lord Elpbinstone, Count La vradio (the Portuguese Special Minister), Baron de Moncorvo the Resident Portuguese Minister), Monsieur de Vasconcel les, Baron de Drieskan, &c. At four o'clock the Duchess of Kent and the Princess Vic t!ivia left Kensigton Palace for Windsor Castle. In the car riage with their Royal Highnesses were the Prince of Portu gal and Prince Ferdinand of Saxe Coburg. They were fol lowed by th e P r i nce ' Augustus of Saxe Cobourg and the pence of Leiningen, the Portuguese Minister, and the rest of Their respecti ve su i tes . A grand dinner was given by his Majesty to the Royal Party at Windsor Castle, and in the evening there was a very numerous and splendid party. The entertainment was given se St. George's Hall. , Viscount Palmerston ( Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs) left town yesterday for Windsor Castle, on a visit to the King. The Duke of Cumberland, the Landgravine of Hesse Horn ,!,rg'i and a select party, dined with the Princess Augusta on Wednesday evening. A Deputation from the general body of Protestant Dis senting Ministers of the three denominations, consisting of t he Rev. D r . Fl e t c h er , Ch a i rm an ; the Rev. G eorge Clayton,. Secretary ; the Rev. William Broadfoot, and the Rev. James Veates, from the Presbyterian body ; the Rev. Arthur and the Rev. Thomas Binnry, from the Congregational .0,,,.9ard; and the Rev. Edward Steane and the Rev. John Watts, from the Baptist Board, waited on Lord John Russell at the Home-office yesterday, and presented a memorial from th e United B o d y , u p on th e secess i on o f c e r tain members of-the r esbyterian body. A Deputation, consisting of Mr. Ewart, Mr. Thornely, Mr. Morrison, M r . O swa ld, D r . Bowring, Mr. C. Villiers, Mr. merrison ' Mr. Scholefield, Mr. Bagshaw, Mr. C. Lushington, and Mr. Marjoribanks, Members of Parliament, and Messrs. Alexandert and Fl e tcher, had an interview with Viscount Mel utiurne, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and the President of eßoard of , Trade, yesterday, in Downing-street, on the equalization of the Sugar Duties. „ r , A Deputation, consisting of the Hon. Mr. Fraser, Major irevelyan, Messieurs Pinney, Lang, Chauncy, Liggens ' , rowne Manning, Davis, Gordon, Crosby, and Colquhou.n, h ad . Manning, with Lord Glenclg yesterday at the Colonial SiiH. Williamson and Mr. Pearse had interviews yester day with Viscount Melbourne in Downing-street. Mr. Murray, of Trinidad, the Rev. Egerton Ryerson, Major -General Sir Lewis Grant, Mr. Wright, Mr. Price, and kr, B e ddi e , h a d interviews yesterday with Lord Glenelg at the Colonial-office. Mr. Dominick Browne, M.P., visited Viscount Melbourne Os Wednesday. The Duke of Wellington entertained the Commissioners of hover Harbour to dinner at Apsley-house on Wednesday. The Commissioners present were Sir Edward Knatchbull, 14 1,' P., Mr. Plumptre, M. P., Sir Henry Oxendon, Sir Brooke Lridges, Mr. Jenkinson, Mr. Hammond, Mr. Morris, and the Mayor of D o v er . Mr. Ledger, as clerk, Mr. Walker, the engineer, and Mr. Hardwick, the architect to the Commis sioners, had the honour of being the party. QUARTETT CONCERTS. FIRST CONCERT. • The lovers of sterling music, with the elite of the profes sion, were yesterday evening gratified in attending the re - lon of some of the members of the Concerti da Camera ; r4ick have again come before the public with a series of per 41a/ices newly entitled. The programme of the first con "; held at the Hanover-square Rooms, consisted of sound lit o lld classical music, both vocal and instrumental, and is sub med PART I. luetett in F Minor (Op. 32, dedicated to Kalk . b renner), two Violens, Viola, Violoncello, and Double Bass, Messrs. Blagrove, Gattie, R "and°, Lucas, and Hawell 4lecitativo ed Aria, " Per Pieta," Mrs. Bishop; a ccompanied on the Pianoforte by Mr. Mos ch eles (41 1. art ett in E Flat Major (Op. 76), two Vio lins, Viola, and Violoncello, Messrs. Bla grove,. Gattie, Dando, and Lucas. Haydn ON NEWSPAPERS, TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. PART 11. Trio in E Flat Major (Op. 14), Pianoforte, Cla linnet, and Viola, Messrs. Moscheles, Will man, and Dando Mozart A ria, " II Pensier," Mr. Balfe ( Orfeo ed Eury dic e ) • accompanied on the Pianoforte by Mr Moscheles ••• Haydn Naartett in E Minor ( Op. 59, dedicated to Count Itasoumoffsky), two Violins, Viola, and Violoncello, Messrs, Blagrove, Dando, Gattie, and Lucas The quintett of Onslow is a work of superlative merit, and v iax executed with corresponding taste and feeling. The slow m ovement in D flat is a truly beautiful composition , and was charmingly played, each performer combining strength and „y the most refined delicacy of expression. The '" tl l , l cde abounded with difficulties, which were surmounted with hmost graceful and brilliant ease. Beethoven never struck is h arp with a steadier hand, or more tranquil spirit, than in altc'eveliest scena of " Ah, perfido," an aria which is full of a l l :i t :ate tend ernes s a n d m aj e sty. Mrs. Bishop sung it with is sam e elegance and pathos it so peculiarly requires. Beethoven pori to ha ve f requen tly b ro k en s eve ral strings when exte_m ia,..zing on the piano -forte, such was the intensity of his feel /RN,' and when Mr. Moscheiles drew out the magnificent fa n , - 7 ~upon the D flat, which appears towards the close, we H am — , ed he was about to realize the habits of the composer. tri -7 `1 1) 8 delightful quartett concluded the first act. It was Vrit:V" fi cently performed, and its lively finale went off 1 great spirit, and was loudly applauded. There 4 111 exquisite repose in the trio of Mozart, which is b y ° lately enchanting. Its performance was distinguished atm ?eh a perfect appreciation of its beauty as in pethe e g in soul of the hearer images of stillness and te e e • Mr. Balfe's execution of Haydn's beautiful aria, which srables Mozart in its tender and voluptuous character, justi he encomiums we have frequently had occasion to bestow 1 11 . 1 _, 1 n. The elegance with which he treated this well-known -9' invested it with all the charms of freshness and novelty. quartett of Beethoven wh ch followed is instinct with the 111137 and and beautiful system of mysticism in which the composer :wed his spirit to revel ; and happily, indeed, in this in apre, does he repose amidst the fantastic creations of his rare i nut "niprehensive imagination. The glowing and glorious "l eg with which the slow movement is most prolific were of `ftantingly performed, and closed amidst the universal plaudits 'ne audience. To us it realised the beautiful expression of ""e Poet :-- " Such dulcet music that the ear, Like a wooed damsel, trembled with delight" wr animated m i nuet an d tr i o and fine fugue which followed, ~,ea se brilli antly executed ; ands the joyous and elegant finale Presented to the hearer without a fault. There was a si multaneous intensity of feeling evidenced by the performers Bhoughout the execution of this magnificent quartett, which erj Ye talents of the highest promise, and their efforts were ?' r ewarded by th e unbounded applause of a select but disc mutating audience. „.Thisoei c r Majesties gave a grand ball last night, at ',incastle. , The E ar l and Countess of Chesterfield are expecte d I be th u nt , e gu s of their noble relative, the Duke of Rutland, • it afte r the Croxton Park (Leicestershire) races, which -, , enee on th e 2 4t h i nst . p rhe Duk e and Ddchess of Beaufort have returned 1° 4t Melto ark-PlaCe from a visit to the Earl and Countess of Wilton, n Mowbray. wbray. (Iti larl. and Countess Howe, and family, have left the A udley-street, for Penn House, near Windsor, where tfaciT wi ll rem a i n unt i l Tuesday next. he E ar l an d Countess o f M ans fi e ld , an d th e f rom 'es Mu rray, have arrived at Caen Wood, near H ampst ead, ti:their seat, Scone Palace, near Perth. His Lordship's c c : 11 ,1 se; the Hon. Charles John Murray, has recently conf -I,i i i e ” himself, by marriage, with the family of the Earl o e fi eld, by his union with the Hon. Frances Anson, sister to the Noble Earl. tbeiVIA RR IAGE IN H IGH LIFE.—On Wednesday, sp,? . a 6 th inst., at S t. Mary ' s Church, Bryanston-square, by toe 1 li cense, th e Ri g h t Hon. Lord Poltimore, to Caroline, ,euatis,t daughter of Li eut. -G en. B u l ler, of Pil ynx an d Lan bre i n the C ounty of Cornwall. After the ceremony a to Mast '.'loUcestaer ws given by t h e Li eutenant- G enera l, at hi s house 110 -place, whi c h was atten d e d b y t h e E ar l of Vest - I .l 4 rela nd, Lady Georgiana- Fane, Lady Charles Somerset, and Lady Anne Wilbraham, Sir James and Lady Mary 4 _ him Williams, the Earl of Digby, Lord Reay, Sir .191:i r n . 4 ,, n i l _ady Yarde Buller Sir Hussey and Lady Vivian, A_ l 6,_llrs. Scott Murray,' Lord John Fitzroy, Mr. and Mrs. to g ri c:r•es Hul se , C olonel and Mrs. Wilson, Viscount Miring lkirslvt• and Mrs. Dering, Mr. and the two Misses Forester, t'urling Mr. Sil ' t __ Ner op, &c. • t• h e E BISHOP OE LICHFIELD.—In consequence e continued indisposition of our revered diocesan, the ; 3 ' e ly_ers of the congregations of the several churches and cha- In this town werealso yesterday offered up for his L ord • s b e ree "erY• This mark of respect and affection has e„„,_ en ad o p te d in other parishes, and will doubtless be- Q."44eeneral throughout the diocese.—Aris's Birmingham and C ountess Grey and family are expected in the HOLY -square t h e week after Easter. His Lordship's son, Company,°n • CaPt. He nry G rey, has just been promoted to his and join e d the 52d reg i ment at Athlone. ton-tl-sistB an b rea kf ast, when served in proper style, et' cold grouse, salmon, cold beef, marmalade, jellies, 1,,V, l ive kinds of bread, oatmeal cakes, coffee, tea, and toast. ttrs4frßE EMPRESS OF RUSSlA.—According to let 7 Ittienos!=.ltnkii", ii St. Pet ers b urgh, the Empress, in consequence of in as lost th e h ope o f ma ki ng a f resh addition to the Tha. is Galignani's Messenger. of ear l Queen of Louis XV. was immod era t e l y f on d Aldeusm, anuardepwas never perhaps more delight e d t h an w h en ine on the occasion of the death of a M onarc h i n as not Obliged to go into mourning." BARILLA. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. ABOLITION OF THE STAMP DUTY SlR,—Having had the honour last night of presenting thirty Petitions to the House of Commons, some of them signed by many thousands of persons, praying for the Total Abolition of the Stamp Duty upon Newspapers, I shall feel greatly obliged if you will allow me to make a statement relative to the proceedings in the House on that occasion,—a few words of explanation being the more ne cessary, as the forms of the House relative to motions for the Reduction of Taxes are not generally understood by the Public, and, in fact, are unknown even to many Mem bers of Parliament. On Tuesday last I had a notice of motion in the " Or der Book" of the House of Commons, for submitting to the House a Resolution for the Total Abolition of the Stamp Duty on Newspapers. On the ith instant the Chancellor of the Exchequer gave notice that he should bring forward his Plan for the Consolidation of the Stamp Acts, and he announced also that he should then state a proposition with respect to a change in the Stamp Duty on Newspapers. Night after night passed away without affording the Right Hon. Gentleman the opportunity of m *king his promised statement. In short, the priority of other Notices of Motion ;Ind Orders of the Day, had the effect of postponing the Right Hon. Gentleman's motion for going into a Committee on the Stamp Acts, up to last night, the 15th instant. Hence the Order of the Day for going into Committee on the Stamp Acts, up to the Abolition of the Stamp Duty, stood for the same eve ning. Under these circumstances, a Meeting of the Reform Members of the House was yesterday convened at the Fo reign Office, when, in a brief statement, the Chancellor of the Exchequer explained to the Members that it was his intention to propose the Reduction of the Stamp Duty on Newspapers, from Fourpence to One Penny. Mr. Hume, perceiving that the cause of the abolitionists would be weakened and damaged, if Ministers moved, as an Amendment on my _Motion, that the Stamp should be re duced from Fourpence to a Penny, prudently intimated that it would be better to take the Motion for the TOTAL Aso- LiTioN.of the Duty, in the Committee on the Bill, when that Motion would be then brought forward against the Penny Stamp—a course of proceeding which, if adopted, would enable the People of England to see who are, and who, in reality, are not, friendly to the unconditional political freedom of the Press. I heartily and cheerfully concurred in the view of the question taken by Mr. Hume, which, in fact, also received the approbation of all the Reformers pre sent—nearly two hundred in number. A moment's thought will convince every reflecting man, that the right course has been adopted. My Motion, as the question now stands, will be for the Total Abolition, as against a Penny Stamp. Had it been brought forward on Tuesday, as an original Motion, after I had moved, " That the House should go into a Committee of the whole House on the Stamp Acts," my proposition would have been completely swamped by an Agiendment made by the Ministers, proposing the reduction of the Stamp Tax from fourpence to a penny, and the Lists of the Divisions, on the next day, would have exhibited to our view only the names of those Members who voted on the Amendment, that is to say, those who voted for the Re duction of the Duty. What the People of England want is, a Division on the question for the total Abolition of the Stamp Tax on Newspapers ; and as my Motion must now assume the form of an Amendment on the proposition of the Chancellor of the Exchequer, it is upon the question of the total abolition, and of the total abolition alone, that the House will be compelled to divide, and the names of the Members recorded. This, therefore, is a great point se cured. From this position we cannot be driven. Observe, no new proposition of any kind can relieve the House from the necessity of voting on the question of the complete and unqualified Abolition of the Stamp Duty on Newspapers. Besides ; this improvement in our position is not all that has been gained by the friends of an unstamped political Press. The proposal of the Ministers is now known. The House has not been required to vote for the reduction, instead of the abolition, on a sudden, in the absence of a declaration of the Ministers. The treacherous advocates of a free Press in the House will not have the opportunity of saying that they considered that their constituents would be "perfectly satisfied" with the reduction from fourpence to a penny. There is not now a chance of cloaking insincerity by any such plausible professions or pretences. The public, therefore, have now time and op portunity to declare against a penny stamp ; and it is to be hoped that thousands of petitions will be forthwith pre sented against the imposition of a penny stamp, and con sequently, for an unconditional abolition. Nothing would give me greater satisfaction than to see the "Millions" load the table of the House of Commons with thousands of petitions, each petition not .containing the signatures of more than one hundred persons. It is a pity to attach many thousands of names, in such a cause, to one piece of parchment or paper. A single petition signed by ten thousand persons, takes no more time in its presentation, excites no more discussion, attracts no more attention, than a petition signed by one hundred persons. What we want is, that there should be a vast number of petitioners, and a vast number of petitions. Nor should two petitions be sent from the same town to one Member. Let us recol lect, therefore, that a full month is before us for agitating this vital, this all-important question Are we, or are we not, to have a free political Press in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland ?" If the people speak out and continue their exertions, the Stamp must be abolished, as it is an impost which cannot be sustained on any plea that is not directly hostile to the morality, the happiness, and the liberties of the nation. The form of the petitions may be as follows, and, after the number which has already been presented on the subject, not a word more will be ne cessary than is here set down : "To tho Honourable the Commons of Great Britain and Ireland, in Parliament assembled ; The Petition of . the undersigned inhabitants of " Showeth,—That as your Petitioners are fully im pressed with a belief that an Unstamped Press is essen tial to the welfare and peace of the People belonging to every Free State, they most earnestly request, that the Stamp Duty on Newspapers may be totally abolished. And your petitioners will ever pray," &c. Some thousands of Petitions of this description, each Pe tition being signed by an ,Hundred Persons, would let the Members of the House of Commons know, that a Penny Stamp will not give satisfaction to the Nation, as it is felt that its existence would still operate as a clog, as a check, to the diffusion of Political Intelligence. Above all, it should be recollected by the . Constituents of every Member of Parliament, that according to the existing arrangements the Question will now be put from the Chair by Mr. Speaker for " the TOTAL ABOLITION of the Stamp Duty on Newspapers ;" and from voting on that Proposition there will be no means of escaping, except by actually running away from the House. The Editor of the Morning Advertiser, and the Conduc tors of some other Stamped Journals, contend, that if the . duty be wholly abolished, the Proprietors of the Stamped Newspapers ought to be voted a compensation for any pe cuniary injury which they may sustain from such an altera tion of the law. The demand is just, and ought to be con ceded, and should certainly be supported cordially by, Sir, your most obedient Servant, THOMAS WAKLEY. 35, Bedford-square, March 6, 1836. Sin,—ln your last night's paper I perceive a paragraph relative to the great decline in the import of Barilla, and ascribing it to the heavy import duty. Such is not the case, it having arisen from the advancement of chemical science. The great consumption of Barilla was in the manufac ture of soap and glass ; but in both of which, very little of that article is now used—a much better substitute being obtained by the decomposition of muriate of soda with sul phuric acid, forming sulphate of soda, which is again de composed by lime and carbonaceous matter, and forming a dry carbonate of soda, containing from 40 to 50 per cent. of alkali, at a cost of about 141. per ton ; whereas Barilla contained from 10 to 20 per cent. of alkali only, and which a few years since cost upwards of 201. per ton, and, at the present reduced rate, 121. per ton ; independent of the greater economy in the use of the manufactured carbonate of soda, it is much preferred, as containing little or no resi duary matter, thereby saving expense, trouble, and giving a greater certainty to the manipulations of the soap and glass ,manufacturer, the latter having also discontinued kelp in a great. measure for the same reason. Whilst the change in the system has decreased the im port of Barilla, it has increased that of Sui.phur (used for making sulphuric acid)—it has increased during the last seven years five fold. The insertion of this will oblige, Yours respectfully, Birmingham, March 17, 1836. S. Y. 141 P, StTN, 1,010)0N, FRIDAY, MARCH 18, 1836. REPUBLIC ° OF CRACOW. Cracow was proclaimed a free town in 1815, and a little territory cribbed for it between the Silesian frontier, that of Galicia, and the territory of the Russian kingdom of Poland. The whole covers a surface of 64 square leagues. The town has a population of 25,000 inhabitants ; and the population of the whole territory amounts to about 60,000 souls. The creation of a free and republican town by the three Powers which had partitioned amongst them the ancient republic of Poland, is a curious phenomenon, and one which deserves some explanation. In ancient Poland, Cracow was the capital of the palati nate which bears its name. On the first partition in 1773, it was not included in that part of the palatinate of Cracow which was ceded to Austria. It remained Polish, and in 1791 became the focus of that insurrection, the object of which was to re-unite to Poland the limbs which had been severed from it by Prussia, Austria, and Russia. It was within the walls of Cracow that Kosciusko was proclaimed Generalissimo of the insurrection. The Russians marched upon the town in 1792, took possession, and were after wards driven out of it. The Prussians returned there in 1794 ; and seized it, with the intention of retaining it for themselves in the new scheme of partition then contem plated. The town of Cracow was then very imperfectly de fended by art ; but its position on the left bank of the Vis tula, at the confluence of that river with the Rudawa, ren dered it capable of performing a part of great military im portance in the rival-ship of the royal houses of Austria and Brandenburgh. Cracow, by the strength of its situa tion, is at once the key of Silesia and Gallicia ; it joins these two provinces one to the other, in some sort, by their opposite extremities, and serves as a point of passage from one to the other. Prussia having occupied Cra63w be fore the second treaty of partition, endeavoured to avail herself of the fact of that occupation to procure the cession of Cracow to herself, leaving to Austria the greater part of the Palatinate ; but Austria, supportad by Russia, car ried the day against her rival, and acquired with Cracow the salt mines of Wclitzka, the richest in the world. Prussia, however, received full compensation :—she had acquired Thorn and Dantiic in ; in the second par tition she got Warsaw. During the fourteen years which elapsed from 1795 to 1809, Cracow and its territory belonged to Austria. In the latter year, in consequence of his victories at Essling and Wagram, Napoleon took away Cracow with a part o f Gallicia from Austria, and re-united them to the Grand Duchy of Warsaw, which he had constituted two years before by the treaty of Tilsit out of the territories recovered by him from Prussia and Russia. The events of 1814 and 1815 did not re-establish things on the footing on which, as we have seen, they had been placed by the second parti tion of Poland. Prussia did not recover Warsaw. Thi s time, however, she had influence to prevent the cession of Cracow to Austria ; and no means could be more found to accommodate the rival pretensions of the two Powers but by elevating Cracow to the rank of a free town, and mark ing off a small neutral territory around the town. This territory is separated from Gallicia by the Vistula, and from Silesia by the Brinica. In fixing the Constitution of the new State, the Repro. sentatives 3 f the three despotic Governments seemed t o thiscs t i p u l d e y l ( t tr o i cee p ßo r g o en v pi e us eb t d h l themselves es ts n it o t u ot s i t fo r n a E n , u g gr e ro r ap s ne t. teed The yh e e l t i b ph e rr o r e a oe lf abso lute oan lute Kings, cannot have been very defective, is that it had hitherto subsisted without giving rise to any intestine troubles. At the present moment it is not the Constitution of the Republic of Craco;V, but its neutrality, guaranteed by treaties, that is infringed upon by the Holy Alliance. THE IMAUM OF MUSCAT. ' The magnificent present made by this Indian Prince to our Sovereign of a ship-of-war, carrying 74 guns, is a circumstance too remarkable not to make all the details relating to it acceptable to the public. This vessel, which is to be called the Imaum, at the King's express desire, was, in the first instance, named the Liverpool, and, according to the description of nautical men, is one of the most splendid sea-boats ever con structed. Her burden is 1,852 tons, and she was built at Bombay in 1826, by the East India Company's builders, of the best teak, and in all respects on a a similar scale to the same class of vessels in the Royal Navy. She was brought to England with her entire masts and yards by Captain Cargan, six Officers, 35 European seamen, and 180 Lascars. The report of these Officers states that she sails remarkably well, and possesses every good quality that can be expected from a ship of that class. Besides the vessel itself, and all its equipment, the Imaum has presented to the King two horses and two mares of the finest Arabian breed. One of the horses is perfectly black, without a single white hair, and the other is as pure a white, or cream colour. The black Arabian has the property, it is said, of going without water for 12 or 15 days, which is considered the greatest proof by the Arabs of pure blood. We are not, however, obliged -to adopt this fact lite rally, and to the full extent. One of the , mares foaled early on the Voyage, and the colt of course be came the. pet and plaything of the sailors during the remainder of it. The account given of the Imaum himself is, that he is a very handsome and fair man, about 42 years of age. He has been for 24 years at the head of his Government, to which he succeeded on the death of his uncle, and has managed, by a series of judicious measures, to consolidate his power. He has a standing army of about 20,000 men to defend his territories - in Arabia and Africa, and has 12 sail of - ships of war, from 64 guns to 10 guns. He has been constant in his attachment to the British Government, and in person accompanied both our ex peditions to the Persian Gulf against the pirate states in that quarter, on which occasions Sir W. Grant Keir and Sir Lionel Smith, who commanded those expeditions, received great assistance from him. His liberality to the British nation is unbounded ; for on the arrival of any British ship of war at his port of Muscat, he supplies them with water and fuel gr a ti s , or any other refreshment that there may be a difficulty in procuring. He is extremely popular with his sub jects, who consider his rule very mild, though highly energetic in his intercourse with other stat es . 1 e gives much of his time to his navy, and expends the greater part of his revenue on that branch of th e serv i ce. His Majesty has expressed himself much gratified by this present. It appears that she entered Ports mouth harbour on the sth inst., when, the moment she anchored, the Britannia saluted the Imaum's flag with 21 guns, which the Liverpool immediately re turned ; and at eight o'clock on Sunday morning the British ensign was hoisted on board the Liverpool, and the ship delivered over by Captain Cargan to Si r F. Maitland, and by his Majesty's commands (in com pliment to his Highness of Muscat) she is named the Inzaunz. It may be a circumstance worthy of notice that the Liverpool is the first sh i p of war belonging to an Indian Prince that ever r o unde d the Cape of Good Hope and is an event that may be reg ar d e d as open in the door to an extensive commercial i n t ercourse with his Highness s dominions in Arabia, Africa, and Persia ; which, strange to say, is little known or ap preciated by this country ; but of which the Americans are not ignorant, as must appear from the fact of there being, on the 9th of November last, two American frigates in Bombay harbour, where they had just ar rived from Muscat, after end eavour i ng to esta bli sh a com mercial treaty with his Highness the Imaum. IRELAND. STATE OF THE QUEEN'S COUNTY.—MARYBOROUGH, MARCH 15.—1 t was gratifying to find, and the state of the calendar proves it, that the White and Black foot factions which so long disgraced this county, have disappeared without leaving a trace behind them. The Orangemen of this town, tailors, tinkers, and all, seem determined to preserve the principle, if not the name. They attended the other evening at a theatrical exhibition; and continually interrupted the amusements with the " Kentish fire," in which they were ably seconded by some gentlemen from Ossory, including two magistrates. I was astonished to find that, notwithstanding the number of appeals from the decisions of the Registering Barrister , Schoales, not a single claimant appeared. Upon inquiry I found that it was considered useless. The experiment had been tried at the last Assizes, and Mr. Chief Justice Doherty, with the assistance of a Jury, dismissed upwards of one hundred cases. I understand that the rent chargers in this county, amount to one hundred and eight, of whom but five are Liberals.—This source of perjury and fraud should be abolished. Notwithstanding the boasts of the Conservatives, there is not the slightest doubt that if the Whig aristocracy, sincerely coalesce with the people, and the latter are anxious for it, two liberal Members would, in case of a dissolution, be returned. BELFAST ORANGEMEN.—These loyal gentlemen held a special meeting on the 11th inst. The question that per plexed their councils was—" to be or not. to be." In de termining how to act on this important occasion, they re solved, of course, that the ministerial party supported the resolution of the House of Commons, " with a view to the injury of Protestantism in Ireland," and concluded their cabal by resolvinc , to remain "firm and united as Orange; men" until the Grand * Lodge shall come to a determination. " To be or not to be," therefore, depends not on the Bel fast Orangemen, but on the Grand Lodge.—Freeman. PA IS LEY.—The nomination of Candidates for the representation of this borough took place on Monday. On a show of hands being called for by the Sheriff, the great majo rity was f or Mr. Aytoun. A poll was then demanded on the part of Mr. Ilastie, which was fixed to commence on Wednes day at eight o'clock, and terminate at four. Mr. Aytoun is decidedly the popular candidate ; but the struggle will be keen and close. Mr. Elastic's friends are very sanguine, and count much upon his native claims and mercantile interest. At pre sent it Is impossible to say who will be the victor.—Seets Times. UNKIAR. SKELESSI. RETURN TO AN ADDRESS OF THE HONOURA BLE THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. DATED FEBRUARY 19, 1836 ; FOR, • A COPY of the TREATY Of CONSTANTINOPLE, of the Bth of July, 1833, (called the TREATY OE UNKIAR SKELESSI) ; together with the SEPARATE ARTICLE of the same Date. His Imperial Majesty, the most high and most mighty Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias, and his High ness the most high and most mighty Emperor of the Otto mans, being equally animated with the sincere desire of maintaining the system of peace and good harmony hap pily established between the two empires, have resolved to extend and strengthen the perfect friendship and confidence which reign between them by the conclusion of a treaty of defensive alliance. Their Majesties have accordingly chosen and named as their Plenipotentiaries ; that is to say, his Majesty the Em peror of all the Russias, the most' excellent and most honourable Alexis Count Orloff, his Extraordinary Ambas sador at the Sublime Ottoman Porte, and the most excel lent and most honourable Apollitfftire Bouteneff, his Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Sublime Ottoman Porte, &c. &c. And his Highness the Sultan of the Ottomans, the most illustrious and most excellent, the most ancient of his vizirs, Hosrew Mehmet Pacha, Seraskier, Commander-in-chief of the Regular Troops of the Line, and Governor-general of Constantinople, &c. &c., and the most excellent and most honourable Ferzi Akbmet Pacha, Mouchir and Com mander of the Guard of his Highness, &c. &c., and the most excellent and most honourable Hadgi Mehmet Akiff Effendi, actual Reis Effendi, &c. &c. ; Who, after having exchanged their full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles : Art. 1. There shall be for ever peace, amity, and al liance between his Majesty the Emperor of all the Rus sias, and his Majesty the Emperor of the Ottomans, their empires and their subjects, as well by land as by sea. This alliance having solely for its object the common defence of their dominions against all attack, their Majesties engage to come to an unreserved understanding with each other upon all the matters which concern their respective tranquillity and safety, and to afford to each other mutually for this purpose substantial aid, and the most efficacious assistance. Art. 2. The treaty of peace concluded at Adrianople, on the 2d of September, 1829, as well as of all the other treaties comprised therein, as also the convention signed at St. Petersburgh, on the 14th of April, 1830, and the ar rangement relating to Greece concluded at Constantinople, on the 9th and 21st July, 1832, are fully confirmed by the present treaty of defensive alliance, in the same manner as if the said transactions had been inserted in it word for word. Art. 3. In consequence of the principle of conservation and mutual defence, which is the basis of the present treaty of alliance, and by reason of a most sincere desire of se curing the permanence, maintenance, and entire independ ence of the Sublime Porte, his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, in the event of circumstances occurring which should again determine the Sublime Porte to call for the naval and military assistance of Russia, although, if it please God, that case is by no means likely to happen, en gages to furnish, by land and by sea, as many troops and fo'rces as the two high contracting parties may deem neces sary. It is accordingly agreed, that in this case the land and sea forces, whose aid the Sublime Porte may call for, shall be held at its disposal. Art. 4. In conformity with what is above stated, in the event of one of the two powers requesting the assistance of the other, the expense only of provisioning the land and the sea forces which may be furnished, shall fall to the charge of the power who shall have applied for the aid. Art. 5. Although the two high contracting parties sin cerely intend to maintain this engagement to the most dis tant period of time, yet, as it is possible that in process of time circumstances may require that some changes should be made in this treaty, it has been agreed to fix its duration at eight years from the day of the exchange of the Impe rial ratifications. The two parties, previously to the expi ration of that term, will concert together, according to the state of affairs at that time, as to the renewal of the said treaty. Art. 6. The present treaty of defensive alliance shall be ratified by the two high contracting parties, and the ratifi cations thereof shall be exchanged at Constantinople within the space of two months, or sooner if possible. The present instrument consisting of six articles, and to be finally completed by the exchange of the respective rati fications, having been agreed upon between us, we have signed it, and sca l e d it w ith our sea l s , i n v i r t ue o f our full powers, and have delivered it to the Plonipotentaries of the Sublime Ottoman Porte in exchange for a similar in strument. Done at Constantinople, the 26th June, 1833 (the 20th of the moon Safer, in the 1249th year of the Hegira.) (Signed) Cte. ALEXIS OROFF. A. BOUTENEFF. SEPARATE ARTICLE. In virtue of one of the clauses of the first article Gf the patent treaty of defensive alliance concluded between the Imperial Court of Russia and the Sublime Porte, the two high contracting parties are bound to afford to each other mutually substantial aid, and the most efficacious assistance for the safety of their respective dominions. Nevertheless, as his Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, wishing to spare the Sublime Ottoman Porte the expense and inconve nience which might be occasioned' to it, by affording sub stantial aid, will not ask for that aid, if circumstances should place the Sublime Porte under the obligation of furnishing it, the Sublime Ottoman Porte, in the place of the aid which it is bound to furnish in case of need, according to the prin-- ciple of reciprocity of the patent treaty, shall confine its action in favour of the Imperial Court of Russia to closing the strait of the Dardanelles, that is to say, to not allowing any foreign vessels of war to enter therein under any pre text whatsoever. The present separate and secret article shall have the same force and value as if it was inserted word for word in the treaty of alliance of this day. Done at Constantinople, the 26th June, 1833 (the . 20th of the moon of Safer, in the 1249th year of the Hegira). (Signed) Cte. ALEXIS ORLOFF. A. BOUTENEFF. GERMAN, DIUTCII, AND LISBON PAPERS. VIENNA, Mallen s.—Letters from Ancona of Feb. 23, say that the new steam-packet which plies between Patras and Ancona was totally lost in a storm, As it was known at Ancona that his Najesty the King of Bavaria intended to return by way of Patras, this news excited general alarm, because it was believed that the King was on board. Private letters from Trieste had announceet that the Madagascar steam-boat had perished. But we know, from official accounts, that his Majesty will return on board an English steam-boat, accompanied by an English man-of war, and that these reports, therefore, deserve no credit. The arrival of Prince Milosch being fixed for May, the Emperor has ordered that the Palace of Count Kegelerch, where the Turkish Ambassador resided, to be hired and pre pared for the reception of the Prince. FRANKFORT, MARcu 12.—Exchange on London, 151 i ; Two Months, 151i.—Frankfort Paper, March 13. AMSTERDAM, MARCH 14.—We have now received Java Papers of the 4th and 7th of November, last year, which announce that on the 31st of October the Powder Maga zine in the fort of Cheribon had been blown up, and great damage done to the surrounding buildings and private houses. DUTCH FUNDS—Amsnnoam, Maacit 14. Money. Bills. Actual Debt, 214 per Cent. 5 6 14 ;Xi% Loan (1830) 5 per cent. A moil Syndic, 4)6 per cent l#7 Ditto, ditto, 3)6 lux cent. t. 2 14 Commercial Company !. 416 per cant 131,4 13214 • Ditto (1!•32 and 18.33) a per cent. —Dutch Papers, March 15. BERLIN, MARCH 6.—We have learnt here with great regret that her Majesty the Empress of Russia is indis posed, having it is said had a miscarriage. Lord Durham is much liked in the Russian capital, and continues to enjoy the regard of the Emperor, which renders the situation of an Ambassador at that Court very easy. " 13 ", MARCH 3.—Her Majesty has been pleased to appoint the Viscount di Sade Bandeira to the post of Governor of the Portuguese possessions in India. MARCH G.—ln the sitting of the Second Chamber of the 4th, the discussion of a project of law for levying 8,700 recruits was commenced, and some of the at ticles adopted. —Lisbon Diario, March 7. BELGIAN FUNDS.-13ntissus, Msncti 11. Actual Debt, 24 per Cent, Rothschild's Loan, Five per Cent Loan of City, 18.32, Four per Cent. 9..)% Society of Commerce. Four and a Half per Cent. 120 X, • Bank iif Belgium, Five per Cent —Brussels Papers, March 15. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, MARCH 7, Five per Cents. Mctalliques Four per Cents. Bank Shares — illtgemeine Zeitung, March 12. PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BERLIN, MARCII 10. . . St. S c h u ld . Sch., 4 per cent lo2' ;1 101 Mon % ey Pr ussian English Loan, 1Er.30, 4 per cent M.% 10 1 % Exchange on London, three months 6 27U. — Prussian State Gazette, March 11. GERMAN BEDS.—A German bed is never over Assizes, fire feet in length, and proportionally narrow. The sheets, ets, and coverlets are cut exacfl to the size of the bed's surface, so that there is no tucking )? up. The bed clothes seem made for cradles. Yet the Germans, generally speak ing, are taller than the usual race of men. K ExE MURDER. —On murdertlle York Assizes, Robinson on last July, was after a long trial acquitted. — Jo Y hnMorley, chargedviFitrbidtaie wilful l ast, at PARLIAMENTARY SUMMARY. In the LORDS' last night three Bills were presented, having for their objects the simplification of the transfer of Real Property ; the amending the Laws relative to Execu tors and Administrators ; and the Law relative to Wills. Lord Aberdeen gave notice of a motion for to-day on the state of the war in Spain. Relative to the Expense of Building the two new Houses of Parliament an Address to his Majesty was ordered. In the COMMONS', the Members were almost exclusively occupied with the Macclesfield Small Debts' Bill ; on which there were no less than five divisions. The thi r d rea di ng was resist e d on t h e ground that it gave power to the Com missioners to commit debtors to a week's imprisonment. The Bill did not pass, an adjournment having been carried. Previously the Medway Navigation Bill, on a division, was ie.td a second time. RAMSGATE-THIJRSDAY. The wind continuing to blow hard from W.S.W., has e tused several vessels to take shelter in this harbour, among which is a French gun-brig, baying three hundred barrels of gunpowder on board. In addition to the two steam-packets, Le Courrier and Ferret, from Calais to Dove - r, which ar rived here yesterday, the Britannia, Captain Bushell, from Boulogne, came in this morning, not being able to get into Dover, as the mouth of that harbour continues closed by the bar of shingle which is thrown up whilst the wind is in the present quarter. The Britannia had about forty pas sengers and two carriages, all which have been landed here. THE BENEVOLENT SOCIETY OF St. PATRICK. Yesterday ev en i ng th e fifty-third anniversary of the esta blishment of this Institution was celebrated at the Free masons' Tavern, Earl de Grey in the Chair. There were present the Duke of Leinster, the Earl of Ripon; Lord Morpeth, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord Teyn ham, Sir W. Brabazon, Mr. D. O'Connell, More O'Fer rall, M.P., Mr. Dunbar, M.P., Mr. O'Loghlen, the At torney-General for Ireland ; Air. Bainbridge, M.P., Mr. O'Brien, M.P., Mr. Ball, M.P., Mr. Blake, M.P., Mr. Chesterton, M.P., Mr. Westenra, M.P.,.Sir John Scott Lillie, &c. In the galleries there was a numerous attend ance of ladies. On the removal of the cloth, Non Arobis was sung by Messrs. Broadhurst, Fitzwilliam, Bellamy, Hobbs, Haw kins, Chapman, and Masters Smith and George. The musical department was conducted by Mr. Hawes. After the usual loyal toasts— The Noble CHAIRMAN proposed " Success to the So ciety the interests of which they had met to support." The Society had been of long standing. Twenty years ago the number of children in the schools was under 200 ; but by the energy of benevolent persons the premises have been enlarged so as to admit not less than .500 children, who receive education at the hands of the Society. _ There were now not less than 300 applicants for admission into the school, and he hoped by subscriptions all would be ad mitted.—(Cheers.) The children wore then introduced, and their cheerful and healthy appearance gave great satisfaction. The next toast was, " The health of the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland."--(Loud cheers.) Lord MORPETH said it devolved upon him to return thanks for the mark of consideration and respect paid to his most gracious Majesty's Representative in Ireland. He was directed by his Excellency to announce that the Noble Lord had become a Subscriber to the Society for .50/. —(Cheers.) The Noble CHAIRMAN gave as a toast " The Noblemen and Ladies of distinction who, before they departed this life, were warm friends of the charity." The 'next toast was " The Ladies and Noblemen who were the present supporters of the Institution." Among those were his Majesty, the Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria, the Dukes of Leinster and Nor . .-.- , thumberland, Earl Ripon, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Earl Mulgrave, &c. _ The TREASURER made his first report. The following subscriptions were announced :—His Majesty, 100 guineas ; their Royal Highnesses the Duchess of Kent and the Princess Victoria, 50/. ; Earl Dc Grey, the President of the day, 501. ; the Dowager Marchioness of Downshire, 10/. 10s. ; the Lord Lieutenant, 50/. ; the Bishop of Derry, 51. ; the Duke of Northumberland, 30/. ; the Duke of Leinster, 2.5/. ; the M arqu i s o f A ng l esea , 2 5 / . ; t h e Marquis of Bath, 10/. ; the Marquis of Thomond, 101.; the Marquis Lansdowne, 25/. ; Earls---Clonmel, 20/. ; Egremont, 100/. ; Clanwilliam, 25/. ; Portarlington, 10/.; Mayo, 201. ; Ripon, 211. Viscounts—Templeton, 20/. ; Duncannon, 10/. ; Morpeth, 251. Lords—Carberry, 21/. ; Dunalley, 10/. ; Arthur Hill, 10 guineas ; Lord Stanley, 251.—{Great cheering)—the Chancellor of the Exchequer, 25/. ; the Baron de Robuck, 10/. ; the Attorney-General for Ireland, 10/. ; General Bligh, 251. ; Sir R. Gore, 251. ; Daniel O'Connell, Esq., 51.—(Cheers)—&c. The total amount of subscriptions was announced at 1,2601. The Duke of LEINSTER proposed the health of the Noble Chairman, which was received with much cheering, and his Lordship shortly returned thanks. On the healths of the Vice-President being drank, Earl RIPON returned thanks. The CHAIRMAN announced that Earl , Haddingtoa had consented to act as President for the next anniversary. After several other toasts had been drank the company separated. MEETING OF MIDDLESEX MAGI- STRATES. Yesterday the Middlesex Magistrates met at the Court house, Clerkenwell, for the purpose of electing a Chairman in the place of B. Botch, E sq ., an d f or th despatch of other county business. After the minutes of the previous Court-day had been confirmed, the Report of the Visiting Magistrates for the House of Correction was read, and stated that on the 11th instant there were 806 prisoners, viz. 593 males, 203 fe males, and 10 children. 180 males and 14 females were of the class of vagrants and reputed thieves ; two deaths had taken place during the last month, 26 were in the infir mary, and 13 others were slightly diseased. GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY. The Visiting Justices further reported that they had ex amined the plans of the Grand Junction Railway as far as regardid the House of Correction, and they now came to the conclusion that if the railway kept at the distance of twenty-five feet from the Western Boundary Wall, and that if a parapet was built on the railroad so as to prevent the prison from being overlooked, they would not recom mend any opposition to the bill. The solicitors had agreed to the first proposition, but objected to the last, and the Committee recommended a petition to the House of Com mons to insert two clauses to the above effect. The peti tion was then handed round for the signature of the Magi strates. After some remarks from Mr. M'WILLIAM, the Re port was ordered to be received. The Report of the Committee appointed to communicate with his Majesty's Ministers on the subject of a salary to be paid to the Chairman of the Sessions, was then read. ELECTION OF CHAIRMAN. After some discussion, Messrs. Flower and Orme were appointed scrutineers. The ballot commenced at half-past two o'clock, and closed at four, when the numbers were de- dared— For Mr. Sergeant Adams 3B For Mr. Sergeant Andrews 3B . _ . It was stated that the Chairman had not the privilege of giving the casting vote ; and, in consequence, the Court adjourned till next Thursday, when the election will begin de novo, and close at four o'clock. The Parisian adventure of a certain Colonel, 'dis tinguished above all Colonels in Christendom for his powers of captivating, with his particular friend, a Noble Lord who figures in the gayest circles, has never been truly told, though a favorite story in salons and boudoirs. The facts of the affair, the extraordinary love-scenes, the extraordinary duct, the peculiar sang froid, and, the peculiar sword with which the combat was performed—all that preceded the dread duel, and all that followed it—is to be related, we un derstand, in the Court Journal. The Colonel's brilliant sayings, as well as his doings, ought to be recorded, and specimens of both, it is said, are to appear on Saturday. Full particulars of their Majesties' Grand Ball at Windsor will also be given in the same number of that fashionable journal. M URD ER OF A WIFE.—At the Edinburgh High Court of Justiciary, on Monday, Charles Donaldson was con victed of the murder of his wife Margaret, on the 9th N ov . last. It appears they led a wretched life, and on the night of the murder the prisoner came home late, and, according to the testimony of a witness, Mrs. Donaldson was in bed sound asleep. Prisoner hauled her out of bed, and knocked her all over the floor : he then took the frying-pan from above the fire, and bit her twice over her head with it; he immediately took a whiskey bottle, drank the whiskey, and broke it over her head, prisoner having previously sent witness for a gill of whiskey. The testimony of the medical witnesses proved that death resulted in consequence of this ill-treatment. The Jury retired about twenty-five minutes, and returned with a verdict, finding, by a plurality of vo i ces , t h e pr i soner gu il ty o f murder, but unanimously and strongly recommending him to mercy, on the ground of previous aggravated provocation. He was sentenced to be executed on the 4th of April.: A child was baptized in the High Church, Paisley, on Sunday . week, whose gran df at h er ' s grandmother is still alive. This the second member of the fifth generation, and none of the direct int erme di ate li nks between the child and his great-great-grandmother are broken. We learn from St. Petersburgh, that on the 26th ult., the E m p eror Nicholas, accompanied by his son, the Grand Duke Constantine, High Admiral of the empire, was present at th e l ay i ng down of the keel of a 120-gun ship, to be called the Russia. It will be 206 feet in length, 57 in breadth, and will carry 48-pounders and mortars of heavy calibre, SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS. Conjecture is as yet by no means set at rest in Paris as to the political features of the Thiers' Ministry. The discussion of the amnesty was calculated, every body thought, to place the new Cabinet in a position which would indicate its character in terms less equivo cal than those in which it has been hittherto involved. But a certain degree of mystery still controls its desti ides, which seems to vary from day to day. One hour it seems Doctrinaire—the next it is Tiers-Parti—then silence resumes her reign, and each party claims the Government as its own in turn. The Opposition i s forbearing, though M. Thiers provokes it to anger the Doctrinaires are afraid to speak, though they vote in his favour ; the Tiers-Parti are ambitious to 'be thought in the ascendant, and yet they veil their blushing honours under a strong imperturbabh m o . deration. The Journal des Debats alone speaks out boldly, and. even vehemently, denouncing this vague and fluctuating course of proceeding, demanding ex planations which nobody seems inclined to give, and uttering, in pedantic phraseology, complaints of which all the world seems wearied. Meantime-, the Cabinet paces slowly towards a line of policy which if it be not at this moment liberal, seems more likely to advance in that direction than in any other. M. Sauzet, the Keeper of the Seals, was called into the Tribune by the amnesty question. It will be re membered that on a former occasion he was a strong advocate f or th at measure —that is to say, before the late Proces Monstre, as it was very justly called, commenced. As a Minister, he felt it, however, to be h s duty to contend that, now the trials are over, an I judgment is passed, the question is not one of am nesty, but of pardon ; and that as the prerogative of mercy belongs in an especial manner to the Crown, with the Crown alone ought the initiative to be left upon such a subject. The attempt to establish a sub stantial distinction between amnesty and pardon is a mere sophism. " To forgive and forget" is the meaning of an amnesty ; can it be said that " pardon" signifies "to forgive' but not "to forget ?" This would be to take away from the clemency of the King all the grace with which it ought ever to be invested. Such, how ever, are the subtle and puerile controversies in which our neighbours seem sometimes delighted to engage their minds. It is wonderful what slight forms occupy their attention, and with what facility, while they dwell on words, they permit themselves to lose sight of the real principles of Constitutional Government. In our system of government we admit it to be the special and highest prerogative of'the King to grant a free pardon to convicts of every description : but that principle does not prevent the House of Commons from request ing his Majesty occasionally, either by address, or by questioning a Minister, to exercise his authority in favour of persons who are supposed to have been severely visited by the judgment of any of his Courts of Justice. The case of the Dorchester labourers is exactly in point. M. Sauzet was accused of having varied, as a Minister, from the opinions which be delivered on the amnesty as a Deputy. He declared it to be the resolution of the Government to advise the King to extend his mercy to such of the prisoners as it might not be dangerous again to let loose on so ciety, at least for some time. This declaration atones for any slight discrepancy which might be discovered between his expressions at different periods of his ca reer. What is still better, there was a cordiality about his promises in this respect very different, indeed, from the harsh and repulsive tone in which Persil would have made a similar declaration, had it been imposed upon him to pronounce it. Further, N. Sauzet added that " the times were getting better, and that they (the new Ministers) came to aid that amelioration ;" that " their mission was to maintain public order, to watch over the execution of the law, and to preserve inviolate the true principles of constitutional government." We believe M. Sauzet to be sincere in the expression of these sentiments ; whereas, if Guizot or Persil uttered thoughts like these, nobody would repose in them the slightest confidence. This, of itself, is progress. One other sentiment, happily expressed by M. Sauzet on this occasion, we must record. " When times change," said he, " causes of irritation change also, and far be it from us to convert the past into a perpe tual obstacle to the future." 'This simple declaration disposes of the whole system of the Doctrinaires. Accordingly the Journal des Desbats has become ex cessively angry. It describes the whole of this debate as a most inexplicable affair, and swears that M. Thiers has completely duped his colleagues. It must be acknowledged that he has finessed more than one of his cards, and that he has already won the first game. It remains to lie seen whether he will gain the rubber. —Morning Chronicle. It is doubtful whether modern history—and we will allow it to embrace 1,000 years—offers any series of atrocities so revolving as those which during the present civil w ar i n t h e P en i nsula have disgraced the Spanish name and nation. The cruelties perpetrated by the Guerillas during the war of what was called emancipation were indeed sufficiently barbarous ; but being provoked in some measure by the sanguinary butcheries at Madrid and elsewhere, of which some of the French invading troops had been guilty, and being moreover exercised in favour of that quarrel which England herself had embarked in, this nation may not have been too curious in examining the details, or very severe in judging them. The horrors, as they are justly called of the French Revolution were ex hibited in an hour of perfect frenzy, when French soeiety presented nothing but the Saturnalia of a band of lunatics, and all semblance or pretence of regular government, acting through responsible functionaries, was wholly at an end—with the convulsive reign of Robespierre at of waetos massacre expired. The fiendish holocausts of the Irish rebellion in 1798, when Protestants, men, women, and children, were by hundreds deliberately consumed to ashes—and the not less terrible achievements of the pike, when roads and bridges were rendered impassable by the gore of captives unoffending and unarmed—all these were examples of human nature in the depths of moral de composition. British ignorance, under the impelling power of superstition and fanaticism, strengthened by vague hatred and wild revenge, shed blood, inflicted agony, and dealt out murder, with a mingled sense ofdu ty and enjoyment. But the agents were the worstin structed and most uncivilized portion of a rude people, who had been taught that their warfare was one of life or death, that their fury was to be the recognized measure of their zeal, and that freedom, plenty, and Paradise were to be the prizes of a victory won by the extermination of their enemies. But what can excuse, or what account for, the crimes of these Spanish barbarians ? The war is doubtless a civil war ; but it is one carried on by " regular Governments" on both sides. There is no palliation from feverish and momentary rage, from the reckless violence of an in fatuated rabble, or from the persecuting frenzy of su perstition. In Spain all is sober, legalized, blood thirstiness. Carlos began by proclaiming that all con stitutional prisoners should be put to death. Instead. of forcing this despot, by a milder and more generous treatment of his own partisans, to renounce through mere shame such systematic barbArity towards his foes, the Queen's Government accepted the dreadful chal- lenge, and butchered the Ca . rlist prisoners in return. The Duke of Wellington, as became a British states man, mediated and obtained the signature of a conven tion, by virtue of which prisoners on both sides should be spared. But how has it been acted on ? We fear, not at all ; or latterly, at least, the bad nature of the combatants has burst throu g h the humane obligations thus imposed upon them, and the unhappy captives have been indiscriminately butchered. Tha circum stance, however, which above all others has roused the slumbe r i ng i ns ti nc t s of humanity in relation to this dismal contest, is new, we hope and trust, even in Spanish annals. Cabrera, a partisan of Don ts_the r esu l t It would h alarge p r i ce f or Carlos, has gathered some desperadoes about hi m, tloia offer' t l in, and is accused, we dare say. with justice, of h av i ng air ‘ t, committed airrenbyeacitlrogctiltiiteesf. \ the capture of a barbarian who had violated the laws of war, had taken advantage of the con f us i on prevailing everywhere to perpetrate crimes whi c h are equally *— in compatible with the usages of war and e p ace. Any pu nishment inflicted on such a criminal, after full proof of the identity of his person, and of th e rea li ty o f hi s eifrences, would h ave i neeueu no justification. But this does not 1 suit the geni us o f a con fli ct so un christian, The Queen's General does not attempt