The Sun. — London, England, 1845-11-18 00:00:00

Ll\ AMERICA., t.: i„Riq'ool., SUNDAY.—The .packet-ship Rochester, Cap pork Porter arrived in the Mersey this morning from New 'Zt,elvbence she sailed on the 21st ult. ~1 advices are not of very much importance.. clue Courier and Enquirer supplies the following commer 7 . nevrs :--- " The 'Union Bank has declared a semi-annual dividend or alt era g ti ent. 4 Per , payable on the Ist of November. I::" ' lla . n ges were in moderate demand . . without any btn2,,6 . c.. ototnonlsraites. Sterling, 109% to 109% ; and franca nee the receipt of the foreign news, per . Hi se`ia., but little has been done in cotton : the market is un- T.!,,—prices have a downward tendency. . the Flo prices foreign advices had a depressingffe w, c , t e u st p e o r n n Sour , .market. Early this morning 1,000 barrels dnii ',."H i dulls. 5 75; subsequently sales were _madeat - '• a dolt" •,.., and afterwards at dolls. 5 50; at the close i 1,.,..., 621, 9, was asked for Genesee. The receipt of flo r u a r o:Lae Xorth river to-day amounts to 21,364 barrels. Southe ,11•3 was inactive. 0 00 ' c,,,,,,' bushels prime southern yellow corn sold at 70 a,o4(l,ineasure; 4,500 bushels Maryland at about 64 cents. I,3soushels northern yellow at 64 to 65 cents. weight; 4,„,'-utto white (in the slip) at 63 cents. and , V hiskty was in demand. 38 barrels gold at 27 cents., 100 ditto at 264 cents.. dols k 3 hes re main without a lt era ti on. P o t s dolls. 3 874 to 137; „, 0 4, and pearls dolls. 4 124. ?rk was firm. 700 barrels of mess sold in lots at dolls. be e f I ' v . 100 ditto prim e , d o ll s. 10 41. 100 tierces prime mess L , ere t aken at doll s . 13 2 5. centj rd was in demand. Sales of barrels were made at 84 NrAlioantreal accounts are to the 17th ult. The Provincial . be t a nent had been further prorogued to the 19th Novem pr0n,..,-qie restoration of the burnt district in Quebec was te ati7 f lng with great spirit and much improvement on , h r. tre izei ° 3 the former buildings. The autumn had r b e ee n n ea e rly g iveli up.wet, and all hopes of the potato crop we Th e tu.p,,,'ine'r and Enquire r gives the following from Port- Rgee :--- Pe rt l earn from Captain Drew, of the brig Forest, from lat e Latt-Prinee, which place he left on the Ist inst., that the liae4utrection in favour of the former President, Herrera, been'eeil quelled. Some ten or twelve of the ringleaders had btu) t e l t• The Saturday previous to his sailing twelve more x 'fa % h 11 tried, and nine of them found guilty ; and ai?e r ilst ... cl atarted for the Cape to learn from the President .l vilie ll "" h 'Position should be made of them. All was tranquil t r ioiL l eft• American produce low and plenty. Coffee ) ' ll br,..""' high, and very little in the market, Captain - ' ll- ba d-"ging all of the litter article in the market. A P•ino.- recently passed prohibiting any foreign vessel from ltre°4rs Port-au-Prince to Mariogone to load. A new a e l . Greatexport duty had been laid on coffee, to wood a tope l lre, it .' other articles, to take effect on the Ist of October. tape ttreParations were making at Port-au-Prince anal the c apabl e an army to go against the Dominicans; every s ire Great Britsring arms was put into the ranks.' ulaheifeat n had been docked on the 18th ult., and saveNble-three hours 'was raised far enough out of water to save two e workmen to reach the propeller, which was to new fans lied. 1 9 th 11 1t t . eani7811 iP Hibernia arrived oh . t at Boston on the t u th e hfer non - appearance here is u pos d to result ugh out iv e Y easterly winds met with supposed to result Vy easterly winds met with by th e e Rochester n T. r pa ssage. Ilv the iiiVIERIC A. and the PACIFIC. Nt i i , i 'e Thali a f r i f ,„ h arrived at Portsmouth on I tt r-a Y• we hav e ' receiv w ed iile advices from Valparaiso to the She if Ati , 4 3 b,gust, and Rio Janeiro to the 23d of September. -141 - .°ll ght home 1,500,000 dollars on merchants' ac „Sinee „ t hat p„„„ule arrival f Rear-Admiral Sir George Seymour in , 41 .1 t 0Z; .with the e Coll' l, 80, our ships of war in tL'lork`e.'[.„,q ha d been very m acti e :e. We understand that Sir el "4 sedulously engaged in promoting British inte- N ob IN that his • h ib , Y in al , .s instructions enabled him to found a new 1 Y b eat , ~,e_rY important position, of which we shall pro v,itlil the ji•m % ,‘'re on the next arrival from the South Sea. hba th e p , erPlatet Rear-Admiral Inglefleld, in conjunction p4on o f ti;enell Admiral, was carrying out the late determi tutort A' Iv 'e French and English Ministers to put an end to s ware ill th ‘i , km , e ßandOriental. Mr. Gore Ousel7,the 1 e ,17111,14 - , 4 ‘ . er, was at Monte Video. Rosas persisted in eClan o f retire; Colonia had, therefore, been taken pos of, 44 ,d the English and French Adiniralshad gone up t,v`e1103A.,.."1 attack some of the Argentine po!ts , nearer irterB.•"es, perhaps the little port of Buceo, Oribe s head erl,ird the Adnairal leglefleld, for this purpose, h t ad gone on k l u t stea au? thrand steamer. It was said lia Roses had "is re B . rench and English subjects to quit his territory, pac ket ev Is.ttinee was looked upon as ridiculous : keditt krreiliviarib..efore the Thalia left . Rio Janeiro the Spider bler.slo4tel7:/ there from the Plata with the Buenos Ayrean 1 14,,„Tlawr, i deah mails • these were transferred to - the f_ Mr. the has also brought home dispatches from Mr. ti,, h iva, , t aritish Minister at Rio. . itithr•Enp.p4ted that the Emperor of Brazil, accompanied by fti D . 4e soi, f ), ss ' was about to visit Rio Grande and other places ltett Q;''eril Parts of his dominions; for this purpose the 4tiettintiStithtiOn, 60, bearing the flag of Admiral Grenfel, e ' t ri I,, ga t l 3' and his Imperial Majesty was expected to 1 7 k'etob'e r . - pr, ti.--i., PLATE. gth of tirtitt, . ti e 4 RIVE R Yidean advices to th,!„th of '4'1)4%441 Nov..l.6.—Montean accounts to the 2v i, t , , and Bnenos Ayr h r' been received. Net It na and Uruguay, and the take place before the 1 t k iv4 s e lc l . 4 ° easels of the allied squadrop e h pe a n d in p a roc e e t ad th ed es t e o cl t osm h: of A Streams was ex ir stre ams expected to shots, after a few posts 44 sa,tlort of Colonia, hi possession of the troops of Rom, led It-4..,i_dered on the 31st of Sert e e a m . • -ii e The remainionsfion of Zfik il ‘eiuletill.lll)cecuidedo b e , Moldonado, 84c•—eiAlurdsser a vigo: 7ere c off from that General „41114 bteSinF forcesileuender Oribe, 1: kiphi,:'aqe, tints effectually cutting ° was anticipated h es:). ''' ,si'e3; end, deprived of them, it tin d t ex in t I,ll4viserY shortly abandon his P?s hliller," iMproved aspect of 'Affai e 42d. By the n '4eltete Was a ntpated. Exchang , s tu n o i ff ni D p I r o e n v t e e m V e n i I tie ji,,\lB.e inight be expected. d be bit w:'tifsli and French Ministers wer' Ayres woul Bedll.eltrrently believed that Buenos the 29th of - at Monte Video. 4 40 8 A British and p,. 4, , yres welearn, by allowed with 'etch -13 cornmunication was A vessels of war advices of l'lttlPlel'al excitetn.ent existed, businessdownward tendency. ttla,lat, 4•1 ( . 1 lit xehange, 3d., whitth7sas. No paSpOirsts re f stated, was completely Iv oq it t t e4 :r kt)arit b-13‘.rclia fraenigd no foreigners, 1 It be allowed e " ~ . 5 cirro, t o leave. 6th of Angus.- h Banda 1)1%44 'Ne advices to the 2 . • wi th t ;,'entai Iva% dull. All communication decree had severely 'ert ' has be prohibited. The being inimical to t repe e ats that G eed ed b,,,,, eu as ,ei 0--).'ness, and was looked upon ' 0 44 „rlbe. eal',°oo reis Per alga. • salted hides, b Freights, .. / V ', "is Perlebr extract from Priv e -a v'e be • ; dry cow following with the 85 refs per lb. ; 7 d o r? ztte ateounet4a .favoured VIDEO, SErr• 9 - 4‘l'. f " MONTE* terference of the p:tiglla44cf pthat, n otwithstanding . tha e f s is to b , for so,,,lTich, we may remain in this state s us- A but 4ereitqad s c `i' L une yet. It is rumoured intimated in a private lu re e • Indeed it has been there, r .t ree4--•eial in have friends n and qui Buenos t tag-t, antler to those who !,;ello4A3‘uera to save what T a taken possible Colonia has be e It p llBll 4o illt ed f° 4 esr i e as ur c i li dleier k tt e glish and French Admirals.Rosas, on his erty they ca , Fr" , h ag - they no the proceed up the river. - th the British and th titii: r 4)rollibited communication ott4lt direetlis°f-war, and from less . to e as speedily on tn sr q and aetive hostilities will nsti ef the Illata • w 11 as on this." more there is . no dotib e ttlo 141 )4 ... t .„ ....... :1 .....e.........._7........ 1, 44,..\ A.TRER.—..We regr heavy rain :rims„ UrOtt,ht ' a t unfavourable change, , and 4111 st 4 rztliell all bill°3 hich still con ~, ,to , t...e mrning, tto say se ou t s obstacle to the that this kzeN.,..4t.kie country districts, p_rove a s 4 y I col of the potatoes. The fine weather the county to eipterday was availed of generally throughost directions 4 bOi lt t Qe tro dugout; in most th e • P which had been the ridges th, trettv th "geY Were exposed on the . on Sunday surface of i•,,111)ie,.. 1()11 of the air, and hopes of fear the atmos- Teri,..Zlll° be getierally entertained, but we .nt Cor them.— k ' I , P `tiler h a 1 , 11 e 8 to -day will tend to disappoint their elits -LePor,„ rrer of Tuesday • safety were be- ATTRAC ‘,\'t - Altor, 'N- - • NOVEL, " THE Mrs. Trollops ( lit ~ LOPE S IEW N apa th4:!l*. C o " Among all the novels of . d admirable th e varied, an afforded 1 , 1 4 :3, kre, tret ,Toter nal), numerous, w..ch has ono 411 40, 7 d 0 not call to mind . one which now before to one th . t 04 . A easure and profit as this new the judgment as ;7 trlithin which the characters so satisfy stir the feelings 4,4:2E44)i:1%de they so excite the fancy and and by the sit!ta pi,,,."' le ~,VlLvigorous, and spirited painting, - of this writer A Ot4,.the wonderful inventive faculty _ f ecent novels 11 ' ls r a he m : ''' do not know in the whole round o r which h is kept f?_hilkFttin .i t i Z uramatic situation than ' that w tory, between 1,',1'4141,14502.nt the +greater part of this t cap e t a t u a t l . e n. if I attractive but I,,:ttrtii•bliiti'uc'llsattliclyewDalilTot,hteadn'd b 1 ts o f n r , al th e exquisitely en it:eo'ilh% Aerkl3l2.l_ll,ll, and affectionate Y a l‘' 'i r n ar tained throug w hpat i t tik reatttz earlizinater:is 1 d• 'iable work is , tb t at ae frdo s m e Me Man; the t4eNtrsn title. Theodore Yidal, the e A ne t r that is new to Ne, '4lEtk'crlately drawn character, and fectly natural, how teil,.4pct his reader. Yet how peer etual curiosity at !.117, en.)it., 11)1?y! extciting rby _thee notPal will be favoti v r e ife ut1„,4144, a!l'ci I‘l.liiianare s a a r s e p e ec The t, become the prime , ,z 41.4 writer', works ,/ Dins, RED' 4%. IIIITION • DAr AND Du--, • tio4Nt4 FOE, THE E titu f the above ins .n sour j,47.--The fifth annual repor . t .() n it appears that,2 - ( 1 -114, 4 5 e Of ;len published, from wh e 358 1 cases had been in 'l4d 14 to a " i e !ast ten months, the number of deaf 1,0 4 liteb lord relieved. It is stated that _ _ 28 of which only 41 4 , 41, 1 rer e u the United Kingdom is l'',3 ' ln France the 'th e ~.vtr 4 2(latler the course of instruction. were educated. 4pq " 4 4t1 et ' 189 . ; of that number 798 only I 0221. 3s. 6d., th, At re I:lellditure during the last year wr .. _ 1 ' 2s. 11d. In I,l,4siuZlP.te aring the same period 1,0 ° * the deaf and t eac hi ng ti. ; 'lluoit T ittis'al ailo t e b tri o al i t i i e n par a t n in d erAt n t iinrg employment for th y os: ee,11t5,41441114i iltructed, continues to be superintended h of tlitholq44 411;1%114.ring manager, and there institution a prospectis from tkko fo r t 6 Youths being sent to this t ry in order . to le thaetaarita:a doefatfhand dumb . in the ea c r o n a i u ng a , trade, while f % 44.4ll lt t l itne their iunPoral and spiritual instruction is p y ro e 1110 1 1 4 pa r. ,7 workshop for the shoemakers not being elm! titx‘teed oti tielli4) only from 12 to 15 men are w a e t presen t rkwere in a t0,t411 destittrpli es. All those now at extended their aid b thern "en before this society 9e t tt A • lill -‘4lNt S 0 Sunday morning, a 3 eit ' kaa E D UICIDE.— n aged twenty-two Nll, e,ilk,ititlaillod Patrick Nicholson, He was an ce4r.seer,,e, _e(81. suicide by. banging himself. in James's itlllitis%ge"ri7auktee,ul!tltismot ;.antdursday n . g . ~ 1 ht after j•iltNee ti' Work, he ret'ake's. ch in where a dispute arose li ne cl e n 11 D/era° ° e ' went out, and Al e - Ole et. M ies, soon afterwards . üblic- UN ) With Soho 4 companions in a neighbouring P hour. 1111•41'rtiiea, 1 0 he continued drinking until a late treating kal. to th •to his leavin them he insisted on _ 1.1,„ tire, 'ie,l alf-pints of ggin, sa ying that it would be the ,vopeßht hoey Ivould get any from him. They, however, iai:e fer r,w4e Joking, and they parted, he being rather . the hkilbefkkh 13,411(11% Ile did not return home that night, and t15,V0 by itig niade for him in the morning, he was fouu tergeolOstlie lBn r e.ekeghlef o . a nail . inithe wall down, and water:and a rl'tl'l sent fo r tor, but lifee lvv'ttiss g i m ui n t a e e e d x ia t t i e n.eu . tiv,4,llo4lpe„lt's-Sotrritamt.ToN, Nov. 1 6.—The On -1,.,1i in th e d 3' s steam -ship, Royal Tar, Captains Evans, ar t') Ltr:sillar bud at three A3l. this day, and landed the 4,,, Me e b Rediterranean mails, which were forwarded 11. Aoveed: ten o'clock ' Her dates are—Gibral cr„itkid -,,,,er Ste; Cadiz, ;train. Lisbon, 9 ; Oporto, 11 ; Vigo, el,i .srge°,etine 12. The Tar brings eleven passengers, a 44.4 cents speci e The and eleven oxen. The new steam- INDacC4 ni a i is t., 1 will take out the Portugal and Mediter.- ", the Tevil.o-rnorrow. The Royal West India mail T e !t , 4%, °t Fill go out ofthe docks to - morrow with telix,, Mails, also a full complement of passenger we Vero a a ' rillg (00,000 doll:al for tlts colollid b 41214 v otl and T.Gres"i 1' vir Lisinesi ttcr peP ili j 1 the of •to Do ds in f If yard o 01° :the Cfj o i ce Colo"131-° `-‘', feat° lb C4 •talefi to Lion to talc-e r ' i; o d it-- thanwil tOO. beforeefore ' or 4 0 `vas Elli ce aka' .d W 36 ( 04 ... ••• .. • 0 -s • • •':, • 2 1 ... ol eo 49 ..... 1, 0 .. .. .. . . ...... ... ... s .. . 6 her, 6 hod `Pa lk lo ri , her )nl s~• ,ken' THE ANNUALS. THE FORGET-ME-NOT. MESMERISM. ture, Mr. H. met, and to my surprise addressed, me ; after some conversation, in which I candidly declared my belief in the deceit of the boys and the fallacy of the experiments, he defied me or any one to disprove the truth of this experi ment, to which I replied that I would come upon the plat form the next evening, and disprove the experiment, or rather the trick. As I stipulated for a forfeit of 201. from which ever party failed, however, Mr. Hall declined, and that experiment was no more exhibited. Though I had never seen the trick before, reasons drawn from anatomy and physiology at once explained it. I gave this explana tion to Mr. Hall, and will be glad to " test" the "fact" on the above conditions at any time. Such little facts as have been stated will fully account. for Mr. Hall's wrath against me; no man, however accustomed to exposure, likes to have the process repeated. Meantime, notwithstanding his false accusations and vulgar abuse, I wish him no harm ; I observe that his aim is now to convert himself into a mesmeric practitioner in disease, and as in -this line he will always meet with patients, and need scarcely fear detection, I expect to hear of his doing well. And, indeed, looking on the mesmeric as more innocent than some other popular forms of quackery, I cannot, in conscience, wish him ill in his career. One of the graatest writers of the present day, Thomas Carlyle, in his " Past and Present," has the following sentence on a similar subject:—" Quack ar.d dupe, as we must ever keep in mind, are upper-side and under of the selfsame substance ; convertible personages ; turn up your dupe into the proper fostering element, and he himself can become a quack; there is in him the - clue pru rient insincerity, open voracity for profit, and closed sense for truth, whereof quacks, too, in all their kinds, are made." In his lectures here, M r . H a ll has actually brought forward no evidence whatever of the truth of any one portion of mes merism. No, not even of the sleep and simple phenomena, which are really capable of exhibition. He failed entirely in what he promised to effect, and the proceeds, according to his engagement, really, therefore, belong to the hospital. In stead of giving experiments, as his placard intimated, in the " whole range of mesmeric practice," he has, night after night, bean obliged to confine himself to the tiresome tricke ries of two trained boys. Mr. Hall mentions the names of some few distinguished people as proofs of the truth of mesmerism. So far as autho rity goes, it is at least 1,000 to 1 against the mesmerists. One professor in Edinburgh, a partial believer, all the other professors adverse ;—one distinguished physician in London, au ex-professor, Dr. Elliotson, an advocate for it—every other professor, and distinguished physician and philosopher, against it, or silent,—the argument of authority, surely, is worse than useless. TO THE EDITOR OF TILE LEAMINGTON SPA COURIER. No maxim of wisdom is m ore true than that brief say ing, "Time flies." What is there can compare to it in swiftness ? Slowly and quietly it approaches, we think we grasp it, and it is gone ! It seems but the other day that we, hailed the advent of '45, and anxiously awaited its coming pleasures, and now already the fading leaf and deepening twilight warn us. that it is near its close. " Coming events cast their shadows befote ;" the ar rival of the swallows anteiunce the sunshine, and the cold frosts of winter have likewise their harbingers. The Annuals for 1846 have already appeared. When all is drear and desolate, th ase bright volumes come forward as emblems of the kirdly feelings which the season can not chill, and offer themselves as appropriate gifts of friendship stud affection, Of these the "Forget-me-Not" deserves peculiar notice, having been the first of all the annuals ; it has survived many of its ancient companions, and bids fair to flourish till its race becomes extinct. This year it appears in gayer plumage than usual ; its cus tomary suit of brown is exchanged for a binding of pale green morocco, ornamentea with a beautiful wreath of flowers in gold. The engravings form the principal at traction in a work of this sort, and they will not be found wanting. The greater number illustrate scenes in the different tales. There are no landscapes, and this is a great improvement, the size of the book being too small to do them justice. As it is, the illustrations are clear and distinct. One of the best is a "Sketch from Nature," painted by Herring ; the countenance is expressive and full of softness. The frontispiece represents a lady in " A Reverie ;" she is leaning over a balcony, her atti tude is easy and graceful, her face expresses serious re flection, but the hands are not worthy of the rest—the fingers are long and stiff. The literary department is full of variety both in prose and verse. It opens with a poem by Mrs. Sigourney, " The Royal Guest," in cele bration of Queen Victoria's visit to Eu. Then follows a dramatic scene by the late lamented Thomas Hood. Charles Swain has eontribnted many interesting pieces, and Eliza Cock's "Farewell to her Hound" is full of mournful simplicity. It is hardly necessary to enumerate the prose tales ; they are of every variety, ancient and modern, extravagr,,nt and homely, adapted to every taste. They must ind-,,ed be hard to please who are not satis fied with the "Forget-me-Not" of 1846. Sir,—On Thursday night last, Mr. Spencer T. Hall, at the close of the lecture, made, I understand, a very violent and vulgar attack upon me during my absence. The cause of this attack was, that I had publicly exposed the hollowness of some of his pretensions to Mesmerism, and that I called in question the honesty of the two boys who itinerate with him, and perform at his exhibitions. As it was only towards the close of his philippic, about eleven o'clock, that I returned to the room, I had not the pleasure of hearing the more furious portion of his address; what I did hear, however, seemed to me rather the spasmodic violence of a weak mind, convulsed by rage and shame, than the indignant utterance of an honest man, who has been traduced. I have no personal dispute with Mr. Hall, nor with any man of his character and mode of life. I have no objection to. Mesmerism, fairly inquired into, whatever; that there are certain phenomena belonging to the art well worthy of the attention of men of science, is an opinion I have long entertained and expressed; but the im posture by which the art is surrounded—and by which it is retarded far more than by the apathy and opposition of medical men—this I felt compelled to condemn. My only object in interfering in this business at, all was to advance truth, or rather to retard error, by exposing imposture; and it is, in further pursuance of the same object that I now address you. Though I had said nothing discourteous of Mr. Hall, I could not be surprised at his vehemence and venom. He had come here looking for fame and fortune, and found, instead, detection and disgrace. It was his intention, I am told, to pursue his mesmeric practice here for some period ; but the reception he has met with will, I venture to predict, ma terially shorten his stay. Had these lectures been permitted to pass uncriticised, there would have been numbers of pa tients belonging to the town sent to sleep before the public, and we should have been once more deluged with mesme risees ; whereas, it seems now impossible to procure one. Had Mr. 11., whom I have heard called the Eagle among mesmeric fowls, not been marked down at first, he would have soared aloft in triumph over us during the whole winter ; but he finds his wings clipped now, and, as that noble bird is said sometimes to do, is insanely dashing off his beak against his cage. The chief of his charges against me on Tuesday evening; I have been informed, was that the means I had used to in duce the four boys exhibited at Mr. Donovan's Lecture on Mesmerism, in March last, to confess their trickery, were unfair. Now there were gentlemen of high revectability present who will vouch for the fairness and candour with which the whole was conducted; you, Sir, the editor of this paper, were present taking a report, and know that there was no doubt whatever of the guilt of the boys; and they are, moreover, still in the town, and adhere to their confes sion. It is quite absurd to say, that because these boys con fessed for fear of justice, therefore their confessions are in valid. Supposing that Mr. Hall himself were, either from conscientious fears, or fears of justice, to confess that he had been long imposing on the public—that he had, at first, been himself deceived, and at last ended by deceiving others, does he think any one would doubt the sincerity of his con fession ? Perhaps " little Henry" and his companion might doubt him, and declare that this was all done from "fear of the policeman," but no one, whose xirtue had not been ex alted and purified by mesmeric innenees, would have any doubt of it whatever. Then Mr. H. says there are 500 persons in this country who have exhibited, in their own cases, mesmeric pheno • mena. How many of these were gentlemen? Was there one man or woman of science and character, known to the world as such, amongst the whole? Miss Martineau, Pro fessor Agassiz, Dr. Elliotson, and others, of known probity, never exhibited any but the simple, nay, the simplest phe nomena. The whole mesmeric squadron, if real, of 500, is chiefly made up of barber's boys, errand boys, servant girls, with a few hysterical young ladies scattered here and there in the confused motley mass. I am afraid there is little help for us here either. It is no slight thing that Mr. Hall and his mesmeric sup porters ask us to do. To give up our belief in some of the most extraordinary and important phenomena relating to life. I say, this is no trifling matter, nor to be yielded without the clearest, strongest, and moat irrefragable proof. I would rather a man would steal the money out of my purse, and fill it with worthless ashes, than steal truth from my mind and place error there. Wjiat proof have we, then, of these marvels? The respectability of a barber's boy is the sole proof afforded ! We are to give up the evidence of our senses, our reason, our experience, to that afforded by a Flibbertigibbet like this. Mr. Hall's own evidence is, of course, inadmissible. Taking the most charitable view of the matter, he is a mistaken enthu siast, the whole of whose interests, pecuniary and otherwise, are interested in keeping up this " enthusiasm." Would any one have taken the evidence of Irving about " unknown tongues," or Johanna Southcote respecting the Shiloh? Granting, then, for the sake of illustration, that Mr. Hall is as sincere as were these dupes in their delusions, his evidence is yet inadmissible. There remains, then, no evidence what ever of the truth of all these marvels, except the respect ability of a barber's boy, who has, for two years, been en gaged like . " Caterfelto, with his hair on end At his own wonders, wondering for his bread ! " . . The other charge against me that I have taken away the character of these boys. I confers I think it would be very difficult to take away their good character; I am aware it has often been attempted in varioatowns, but as, ex niltilo nilzil fit, uniformly without success:, The time, I have no doubt, will shortly come, when they will be much obligedlo any one who will take away their ,present character. Mr. Hall's mesmeric predecessor in Leamington, Mr. Donovan, urged the same argument in the case of his four young friends, and the public sympathised with the whole five until the deception was discovered. Mr. Donovan had the mo dest), to decamp without attempting explanation or defence, and I think it would have been quite as sound policy had Mr. Hall followed his example. Mr. Hall, I hear, talks, or talked of an action at law to be brought against me on ac count of "little Henry." It would be amusing to learn what damages twelve Englishmen would award "for loss of wages as a public somnambulist," or "for injury done his character as a clairvoyant." Only one Scotch professor; and one distinguished English physician, are believers in mesmerism—and these are consi dered authority sufficient to ;weigh Aeigh Own all other professors and physicians • but, ,adortnnately;', there is no mesmeric judge, so that physicians; it will be prudent to defer the action until " the science" is further:Advanced. To make any further comment on this, is, I think, quite unnecessary. lam ashamed, Mr. Editor, of having occupied so much of your time and that of your readers with this con temptible affair. I feel the disgrace of having my name con nected with the subject at all, but, unfortunately, was not able, at Mr. Hall's first lecture, to sit patiently and see gross deceit practised before my fellow-townsmen in the name of science.—l am, Sir, your most obedient servant, D. R. LIETCH. Leamington, Oct. 23, 1845. The reasons why I, and many others besides myself, look upon the whole of the condnet of these boys as trick are the following :-Ist. Many 'itinerant mesmerisers and platform boys have already been discovered to be imposters ;—so much so that Dr. Elliotson, Miss Martineau, and the more respectable believers, will not recognise in any way these wandering advocates of the science. To suspect them from the first, therefore, is reasonable. 2d. They exhibit nothing but what any boys awake could easily show. The rigidity of the muscles, as shown by the little boy, is easily learnt, and any common posture boy, or dancing girl, performs much more difficult feats than those boasted of as wonders by Mr. H. Yet it is upon the fact that these feats are beyond the power of a boy in his natural condition, that we are asked to believe in them. 3d. The exaggerations of the per formance. These boys have in Leamington for three nights successively, and elsewhere innumerable times, gone through these manoeuvres—thrown themselves into the same tableaux vivants, grasped each others' hands in good fellowship at " Auld Lang Syne," and exhibited the same ridiculous grimacing and fiddling at " Such a getting up stairs." Whatever was thought of the more serious portions of the performance, this part was always looked upon as mere trick and absurdity even by most believers. Any one who has read an article on " Natural Somnambulism," which the mesmeric is asserted to simulate, can scarcely be deceived, but will at once perceive that the dramatic grouping, and the reiteration, night after night, of the same figures and fool eries, is totally inconsistent with any other belief than one of previous arrangement and trick. The playing at chess, under the pretence of their eyes being closed, was too ridiculous even for comment. It was felt even by a mesmeric audience to be "too bad." And this brings me to notice other reasons for feeling convinced that there is error and deception in the whole affair, and as one consequence, among others, that the boys are deceiving the public. Mr. Hall said he did not bring these boys forward as cases of clairvoyance. But as it was understood distinctly by the audience and by those gentlemen who peered " scrutinisingly " under their eyelids,—who, in newspaper phrase, " carefully tested the experiments," that the eyes were closed, and that they were playing by mesmeric means alone,—what was the case, if not one of clair voyance ? Either the eyes of the boys were open, and they saw what they were doing, or if—as the audience was induced to believe—their eyes were shut, then it was clairvoyance. This led to an inquiry as to Mr. Hall's present assertions respecting clairvoyance, and to an offer that he should have 100/. if he could prove what he and all other mesmeric writers assert to be the fact, viz., that clair voyants can be had who can read without the aid of vision. How Mr. H. shrank from this test the public is aware ; and when we find a man thus practically proving his want cif belief in one of his most confident assertions—hew can we do otherwise than doubt him in others ? In his book, "Mes meric Experience"—and which, by-the-by, is the weakest and most contemptible book of some eighteen or twenty which I have read on the subject, done in the true Morrison 's Pill style of literature—he says, speaking of Clairvoyance, p. 87 : " It must not, however, be inferred, that because so few ex amples of this or any other class of phenomena have been introduced. that such cases are rare. On the contrary, great numbers of them have occurred under my immediate obser vation." Then again of "little Henry," the second day that he was mesmerised'," he was perfectly lucid, and described the internal structure and economy of the human frame, and the diseases of several strange parties with whom he was brought into proximity, as clearly and correctly as could have been done by a regular professor of anatomy," &c. ; and further on, of the same boy, he says, " he can read and run about, and occasionally give the prognosis of a disease when in the sleep ;" of course if the " reading" means anything here at all, it is "reading" as he read the "internal structure" and " diseases," by some power independent of vision ; in short, clairvoyance. Again, at p. 17, he mentions the case of a phreno-mesmeric patient who' became " more susceptible and clear as the experiments proceeded, until he distinctly read the papers as they were handed past the back of his head, and soon afterwards gave with intense effect the natural language of any organ my coadjutor thought of, even before he had time to write the name of it !" Clairvoyant patients, then, according to Mr. Hall, are quite common, and so says almost every other mesmeric writer; but what can we consider their statements worth, when they shrink from public proof, even with the prospect of receiving a premium on their veracity? One more quotation from Mr. Hall, though not from the same book :—, "J. F., on being thrown into the mesmeric trance at Liverpool, as we sat side by side, described to us, as accu rately as any eye-witness could have done, what was then transacting in a particular room in Sheffield, though he had never been in it, not a leading question being put to him. At Wolverhampton he described anything held behind his head as accurately as though he had observed it with his eyes ; and, late on Saturday evening, read verbatim two let ters then coming to him by post, one from London, and the other from Sheffield, which were not delivered to him till the following day at Walsall." Mr. Hall tells us he kept the post-office of his native town. Should he ever return to that department, I trust that Sir James Graham will engage him and "J. F." in hiS own private office, by which means he may arrive at the contents of letters without breaking their seals or creating national discontents. SUBSTITUTE FOR THE POTATO. At the meeting of the Academy of Sciences in Paris on the 3d Nov., M. Boussingault read to the Academy a com munication from M. Goudout relative to an umbelliferous plant, indigenous in New Granada, particularly in the most temperate parts of the continent, where the average tempe rature is from 15 to 25 deg. R. The arracacha is generally three feet in height, its radical leaves twelve or fifteen inches in length, numerous, biternate, doubly incised, dentate, on long fistular petioles. The caulinar leaves are smaller than the radical, which they resemble in every other respect. The flower is a violet-coloured umbel; the petals oval, acu minated, and inflexed ; five stamens and two styles arising from a disc of the same colour as the flower. The fruit is an oblong carpel marked with five ribs. The blooming season, October. The root is the part which is used as an article of food in the country; according to M. Boussingault, it par ticipates of the nature of the carrot and potato, being a kind of intermediate substance between them. Each plant furnishes from three to four pounds of nutritious matter, one hectare yielding no less than 82,500 pounds of wholesome food. The disease actually existing amongst the potatoes induces M. Boussingault and M. Brongniart to attempt the introduction of this valuable plant into Europe, when it might be advantageously employed as a substitute for the potato.—Medical Times. THE NEW BRIDGE NEAR NORWICH.—This bridge (erected from a design of Mr. Bidder), below Carrow, was swung across the river for the first time on Friday morning last, at eleven o'clock, in the presence of Captain Lawrence, H. Holingbroke, Esq., W. Rackham, Esq., and a number of ladies and gentlemen. The immense weight of iron, yearly 130 tons, was swung round with the greatest (ase. It is expected that the trains will pass over it in a fortnight. The company contemplate making a basin close to the bridge for the landing of goods. In a short time the electric telegraph will be established between Norwich and Trowse. The station at Thorpe has been greatly extended, and the platforms lengthened for the increase of traffic.—Noifolk Chronicle. THE MILITARY RIOT AT WU:MSGR.—Since the occurrence took place, the privates belonging to the 2d Regi ment of Life Guards have received orders not to be in the town after dark. They are now, however, permitted to leave their barracks after their stable duties are over, at seven o'clock; but they remain at Spital, and i n th e neigh bourhood, until the hour (ten o'clock) for their being in quarters. A sergeant in the Grenadier Guards, named Gale, who was sergeant of the guard at the Castle on Saturday evening ; and who, in consequence of having called out the guard, upon the request of one of the magistrates, in the absence of his officer, who was at mess, at the Infantry barracks, in Sheet-street, was put under arrest, upon the guard being relieved and returning to the barracks the next morning —was released in the course of Wednesday last. It was expected he would have been tried before a Court martial, but such a step was not resorted to. COACH ACCIDENTS.—On Wednesday last, as the Highland mail was on its way north, near Dalwhinnie, one of the horses shied and leaped over the pole. The other leader was thrown down and the coach upset. Some of the passengers were hurt, and had to be conveyed to Inverness in a post chaise. We learn that no blame whatever can be attached to the driver. On Saturday the mail was again upset near Craggie, owing to some of the traces giving way from the bad state of the harness. The coach was quite full at the time, and very fortunately none of the passengers were hurt, with the exception of a gentleman who got his shoulder slightly bruised. The driver, James Forrest, is reckoned one of the steadiest on the road, and is wholly free from blame.-- Internees Courier. ANTIQUARIAN DISCOVERIES AT LEWES PRIORY.- The discovery of interesting • relics in the ruins of Lewes Priory, by the railway workmen, still proceeds ; and every care is taken to preserve them with as little injury as pas sible.. On Monday the workmen came to another grave, formed, like those previously found, of large stones placed one on another; but in this instance chalk had been used instead of Caen stone. On Tuesday afternoon the grave was opened and found to contain the bones of a full-sized human body, without any appearance of a coffin or any other ma terial. On the same day, in another spot, the workmen met with an obstruction which, on examination, was found to be a pavement of Roman tile. The clearing. of this occupied more than a day. Its centre is plain ; but there appears to have been a border of enamelled tiles, some of which are in a very fair state of preservation, and are ornamented with the De Warren arms. In the course of clearing this pave ment, a doorway was found, which proved to be that of a steno cell. The side stones are perfect, and there is also a good stone foundation, which the workmen are still following. These foundations are most interesting to the antiquarian, as they develop the site of some of the most important portions of this once-magnificent building, concerning which much doubt has always existed. On Thursday afternoon the ca pital of a column was found, which is in a good state of pre servation, and very beautifully ornamented.—Brighton Herald. _ Believing, after much inquiry and reading on the subject, that clairvoyance is a mere delusion, I shall leave the pro posal I made to Mr. Hall open to all mesmerists (viz. to give 100/.), and promise to fulfil my portion of the engagement, if any clairvoyant,' from any country, can be found to read a line of written or printed words shut up in the commonest way from the usual organs of vision, provided the candidate will suffer the forfeit if he fail. CuELmsronn FAlR.—This fair took place on Wed nesday last, and was well supplied with stock. Of beasts there were about 1,200, the largest number ever shown in the fair chiefly consisting of Herefords and North and South Wales, the latter including several lots forward in condi tion, part of which realised upwards of 15/. each. The Herefords, which were not in so forward a condition, sold at from 9/. to 131. ss. The supply of cows was moderate, but what there were went off readily at high prices. Lean beasts, Welch heifers, &c., were much in demand, and were nearly all sold at an advance upon the rates at the late fairs. Messrs. Pollett, of Stapleford Hall, showed a useful lot of South Wales beasts, for which 121. per head was refused, and they were sent on to Epping fair: The show of sheep was not so large as on some former occasions, there being about 7,000 penned; the quality was very good, but the high prices asked operated materially against the sale; and about one third were turned out unsold. The following are the prices of the day :—Down ewes, 265. to 355. ; lambs, 20s. to 325. 6d. ; wethers, 325. to 425. Amongst the purchasers were the fol lowing :—Mr. B. Revett, of Kelvedon, a lot of South Wales beasts, of Mr. Crooks, at 15/. 15s. ; Mr. Lithgow, of Stanway, a lot of Herefords to Mr. Stock, at 13/. ss. ; Mr. Stannard, a good lot of down lambs, of Mr. C. Packinan, at 325, 6d. ; Mr. K. Vial, a lot of Hampshirel ewe lambs, of good quality, of Mr. T. Crooks, at 31s. 6d. ; Mr. Perry, of Weathersfield, a lot of polled Somerset ewes, of Mr. Crooks, at 375. ; Mr. Tweed, part of the same, at the same price ; and Mr. Stock, of Mark's Hall, 100 superior down ewes, allowed to be the best in the fair; Mr. Ransome, 100 good Hampshire ewes, of Messrs. Howard and Simmons, at 325. ; Mr. W. Webb, of Bently, a very superior lot of half-bred Leicester lambs, of Mr. Wake ling, at 325. ; Mr. J. Addy, of Rolstons, eighty forward down ewes, of Mr. Crooks, at 31s. Amongst the sheep were twenty very superior Devonshire ewes, very forward in lamh, for which Mr. Crooks refused an offer from Mr. J. Wenden, sales man, of Colchester, of 50s. per head. Of nag horses the show was moderate, if we except a beautiful grey hunter, the con dition cf which was much admired, shown by Mr. S. Adams, of Waltham, and sold to Mr. P. Dowsatt, of Pleshey. food cart colts and horses met with a ready sale.— aelinsford Chronicle. • _ _ When Mr. Hall excused himself from showing clairvoy ance on account of the " atmosphere of incredulity," he illustrated his incapacity to perform these feats before scep tical persons, by drawing a parallel between himself and our Saviour, when in "his own country," the apostle Matthew says, and Mr. H. quoted, as applicable to himself, " And he did not many mighty works there because of their unbelief." When this allusion was condemned by me, it was asserted by Mr. H. that he had made the reference in no improper spirit. I imagine that no allusion whatever can be made to this sub ject in connexion with mesmerism, except one which is impious. Many mesmerists assert that the miracles of our Saviour were performed by means of mesmerism, and his healing dis • eases, and changing water into wine, have their parallels in mesmeric practice. Mr. Hall himself, more cautious, says, "he does not deny" (p. 26) that our Saviour worked by means of mesmerism, and sent forth his apostles to heal dis eases by means of the same agent. Now, the argument for the truth of Christianity, drawn from the Scripture miracles, is of too great importance to permit it to be insidiously sapped in this manner. If there be any force in the argu ment drawn from the miracles of our Saviour at all, it must be because the works done were proofs of superhuman power. The divinity of His character and mission are asserted on the grounds that the miracles could only.be performed by one of divine origin and nature. If our Saviour used a power which science has unfolded to us, His works are no longer miraculous in the sense conveyed by Scripture, and the argu ment fails. _ When Captain Cook foretold an eclipse of the sun, and thus awed the minds of the savages of the South Sea Islands, he to them performed a miracle. Now to say that our Saviour merely wrought his miraculous works by the agency of a science unknown to the Jews, is to place him precisely. in the relation of Captain Cook to the savages--a man of science among barbarians—not a Divine Being among men. Any interpretation, then, of these miracles which takes away their superhuman character saps and destroys the evidence they afford of the truth of Christiany, and any allusion whatever to them in connexion with mesmerism is to be condemned. PREVALENCE OF FEVER.—In consequence of the prevalence of this fearful epidemic among the poor of our city, and in order to provide a proper convalescent fund to prevent relapses, the Mayor, it will be seen, in compliance with a most respectable requisition, convenes a public meet ing at the Commercial-building, for Tuesday next. The safety of the citizens at large depends on. sustaining this relief fund, and thereby prevent the spread of the con tagion. Over 6,000 fever patients have been admited into the fever hospital during the past season. To insure public safety, the convalescent fund must be kept up,--Limerick Reporter. Another reason fir my conviction that there was error and imposture in these ,experiments, was that .one of a very Striking nature, which took great hold of the public mind, was omitted every night after the first—l allude to the young man being enabled to "swing round" two of the strongest men in the room by bending his arm in obedience to the mes meric traction of the lecturer, On the morning after the first lee- THE SUN, LONDON, TITESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 18, 1845, AMERICAN STATES RAILWAYS AND TRAFFIC. The following information on the above has been addressed by Mr. Buckerfield to Sir R. Broun, and was received by the last mail :—. " Westmoreland, near Amherst, N.S., Oct. 15, 1845. "I shall devote this letter principally to giving you as much information as possible with regard to the railroads in the American States; especially in that of Massachusetts, which I have derived from the reports of each road laid be fore the Legislature, and which may, therefore, be relied upon as authentic. " The most important is the Western Railroad, forming a Roe between Boston and Albany, a total distance of about 238 miles, of which the Boston and Worcester is 44, the Western, 156, and the Albany and Stockbridge 38; they are all under the same direction, and form, with branches, the same line of internal communication. A single track only has been laid, with the necessary turnouts and depot tracks at the stations. "On these roads the T edge rail pattern has been used, except on a few recent side branches, weighing 504 pounds to the lineal yard, supported by wooden sleepers, principally of chesnut, seven feet long and seven inches through, at dis tances of three feet from centre to centre. The sleepers rest on lorgitudinal sills of planks eight inches by three, with a short p►ece of the same under the sleepers at the joints of the iron rails. On some parts the number of the sleepers and their lengths are greater, so as to increase the bearing sur face. The greater part of the road has been graded, levelled, and formed to a width of 20 feet in the cuts and 16 feet on the embankments for a single track. The deep cuts and high embankments generally have been graded to a width of 120 feet in the cuts and 16 feet on the embankments for a double track. The heaviest rock cuts are of double width ;so is the masonry, except the Connecticut river bridge and a few of the smaller structures. A great part of the Albany road is graded for two tracks, from 26 to 34 feet in the cuts, and 22 to 26 feet on the embankments; the remaiader 20 to 34 feet in the cuts, and 16 to 20 feet on the embankments. The masonry and rock cuts are all for two tracks. " The bridges east of Connecticut River are constructed of truss-frames (Long's patent) for two tracks. The Con. necticut River Bridge, and those westward, are of truss frames (Howe's patent), and for one track only. The truss frames of all are covered in on the sides and top, and tho roughly whitewashed. The entire flooring of the Connec ticut River Bridge is covered with tin, painted of a dark colour. This bridge is 1,264 feet long, of seven spans 180 feet each. The whole length of bridges is about 6,000 feet, and they are 48 in number. On the Albany road they are 17 in number ,and in length 1,474 feet, 14 feet in width for a single track ; they are all on Howe's patent, and covered in and whitewashed. There are on both roads 15 stone bridges, besides culverts, and a tunnel 548 feet long, exclusive of the rock cuts at each end, 26 feet wide and 19 high, the sides and arches being of the natural rock ; the cost of the excava tion was 35,000 dols. The least width of land taken for the road was 5 rods, and increased, as occasion required, to 18% rods. The road has had to cross the hills between the sea and the Hudson River, and one division, of about 13% miles, has cost-more than 70,000 dols. a mile; there was also a very expensive embankment at Richmond, and the Con necticut Bridge cost 131,612 dols. "This road does not appear, at the time to which the report comes, to have attained its full trade; and no divi dend had then been made. Its total cost exceeds 7,000,000 dols. The income of the road open was—for a fraction of the road open in 1839, 3,288 dols. 51c.; and for 1841, 50,275 dols. 67c.; from the Ist of January to the Ist of December, 1842, the receipts were 512,688 dole. 30c., and the expenditure for the same period 266,619 dols. 30c. In that year there were sent from Greenbusb, eastward, 170,615 barrels of flour, weighing 18,341 tons, and of other merchandise 12,347 tons. Westward there passed 5,624 tons. The Directors call this year one of experi ment. It does not appear that the expenses of transporta tion are greater during the winter than in the summer. There is only one item for clearing snow, about 3,000 dole., and there are a few inconsiderable charges for repairs of ploughs and scrapers. The traffic is greater during July, August, September, October, and November, including goods and freight. The total number of passengers are as fol lows : Ist Class. 2d Class. Ist Class. 2d Class. Jan....... 11,425 Feb 11,783 1 4...... 9814 Aug....... 18,7984-- 3,023 March April ... 13,133 May ... 13,378 2,081 N0v...... 12,0464 2,517 June ... 14,204 2,119 Dec. 8,474 " The Berkshire Railway was, at that time, unfinished, though open and in use. Its length is 21 miles 11 chains, and the amount expended 205,000 dols. The width of the road-bed in excavation is 16 feet, on embankment 14 feet. The manner in which the rail* is supported is as follows: There are undersills of chestnut and oak 7 by 7 inches, on which are placed cross ties 74 feet long, with notches sawed in to secure the rail, which is 6 by 6 inches, and secured with oak keys. On this rail is placed the flat iron car 24 wide by % of an inch thick, weighing 22 tons per mile. The undersills are covered with dust and gravel. The width of the track is 4 feet 84 inches. Nothing is said as to difficulties or expenses in winter, and no account is given of passengers. " The Boston and Lowell Railway is 26 miles in length, and its capital 1,800,000 dols , upon which is 'paid, in the year .1842, two dividends of four per cent. each. The rail first laid was 361 b. to the yard, which has been found insufficient, and one of the T pattern, of 561 b., has been substituted. No mention is made of any interruption from winter. The amount received was 278,310 dels. 68c.; and the expenditure (exclusive of relaying) 131,012 dots. 78c. " The Boston and Maine Railroad is only partly In Massa chusetts ; its entire length from Boston to Portland is 109 miles. It was then only partially completed, and has some extensive earth excavations and tunnels. It will form, with other roads, one of the most entensive lines in New England. The amount then paid was 1,242,598 dols. 88c., and the re ceipts 155,881 dols. 69c. " The Roston and Providence Railroad is 414 miles, and the capital 1,834,100 dols. The then income from passen gers was 163,787 dols. 95c., and from merchandise, mails, &c., 72,679 dols. 96c., or thereabouts; the whole expendi ture, including rent of another road, ferry, &c., 112,214 dols. 63c., and two dividends were made, 1842, of 3 per cent. each. _ _ _ . " The Boston and Worcester Railroad is 44 miles in length, and its capital 2,700,000 dole, The Directors state, referring to a part of the work, that ' some inconvenience has resulted from a prosecution of a portion of this work at an inclement season of the year; but this advantage has been countervailed by the greater cheapness of wages at this season. The regular passenger trains have bean run during the year, without the loss of any trip from storms or other causes.' The total cost was 2,764,396 dols. 4c. ; gross receipts, 362,283 dole. 82 c. ; current expenses, 168,509 dole. Mc. ; and two half-yearly dividends, one of four and the other of three per cent., have been made. "The Eastern Railroad from Boston to Portland (lower road), 105 miles, is stated to have been in use during 1842, without injury to a single passenger, or any interruption to its regular traffic. The flat rail now in use on the Marble head branch being found inadequate to the constant use and speed required for the public convenience, the Directors have determined to replace it with the chair-rail similar to the main track. The receipts during the then past year were 269,168 dole. 72c. ; and the number of passengers 468,703. The expenditure was 144,039 dols. 71c. ; and a dividend of 6 per cent. was paid on a capital of 2,100,000 dols. • " The Norwich and Worcester Railroad is 103 miles in length; its cost 2,163,561 dole. Receipts in 1842, 137,358 dols. 57c. ; expenditure, 122,130 dols. 32c.. There is a very trifling charge in January, February, April, and December, for clear ing the road. The earnings, are greatest in September and October, and least in January and February. "The Nashua and Lowell Railroad returns its capital, 380,000 dols. ; earnings, 131,188 dols. 91c. ; expenses, 91,577 dole. 53c. ; and two dividends of four per cent. each have been made. The number of passengers was 92,943. " The new Bedford Railway is 20 miles long ; its capital 400,000 dols. Gross receipts, 55,575 dole., and expenses, 23,354 dole. 27c. Two dividends of three per cent. each were this year declared. "The Taunton Branch Railroad is, in length, 11 miles ; has a capital of 250,000 dols. ; the total annual expenditure, 57,777 dols. 58c. ; and the income, 77,170 dols. 59c. ; and two dividends of four per cent. each were declared within the year. "The Fitchburg Railroad was then unfinished. "The Portland, Saco, and Portsmouth Railroad give their number of passengers for six months, ending Nov. 30, 1844, 108,743 1 ,4 ; and for six' months, ending May 31, 1845, 42,535 1 A—t0ta1, 150,279. Their total income for that period, 131,404 dols. 18c. ; expenditure, 51,822 dols. 26c. ' • and they make a net profit a little above 7 dols. per share. They state the average expense of transit per mile run to be 43c. and a fraction, and make no mention of any expense of clearing snow, &c. I have, in fact, mentioned every instance where any such costs, or anything that might be supposed to in clude it, appears in the account as a distinct item. "I have also obtained the following account of the cost of the motive power and receipts per mile travelled on some other of the great roads : G . Cost per mile. Receipts per mile. Georgia... South Carolina id. 72c. Central Georgia Western 62c. Boston and Lowell 106 c. The foregoing particulars may be useful to you and to the committee in forming your calculations. In the state of Massachusetts land would have to be purchased at a higher price than Boston and the towns; indeed, quite as dear as it is in England." FERMOY PETTY SESSIONS. A valued and respected correspondent has put us into pos session of a circumstance which occurred at Fermoy Petty Sessions, that, in our opinion, deserves public notice, and calls for explanation. A poor man, named Michael Leary, kiln labourer, at Clondillane, was summoned last week to the ses aions by Edward K. Carey, Esq., as a trespasser, because in a moment of exhaustion he entered his field to take a drink of water at a running stream. This gentleman is, we under stand,,himself a magistrate, and sat on the bench while the case was being adjudicated. The poor man was fined in the mitigated penalty of one shilling for his eup of cold water ! and in addition to this he had to pay costs amounting to one shilling and sixpence. Now, we can understand that to protect himself from the injury and annoyance of a general system of trespass, Mr. Carey may have been obliged to seek the interposition of the law, though in that view of the case there is reason to regret he selected a poor man, who, instead of resorting to the beer house, went to enjoy the cheap—no--but, as it proved, very extravagant, luxury of a drink of water. But, whatever may have been the practice formerly, when the mild and mer ciful genius of British law was illustrated by its Irish admi nistration, we do not understand how a magistrate could venture now-a-days to be both complainant and judge in his own case. This requires explanation, and, doubtless, it will be demanded by a big-wigged personage, whose demand must be complied with. Another matter which calls for investi gation is the question of costs. One shilling and sixpence for a complaint summons before a bench of unpaid magis trates! Why in the days of our old corporation—when jus tice was paid for—the schedule of charges did not reach so high a figure. After all, let us have equal justice for rich and poor. It may be quite right to prevent trespass on the part. of the humble. It is equally so that the poor man's potato garden and corn field should be protected from the wealthy and the powerful. Mr. Carey keeps a sporting pack of hounds well fed and humanely cared for. Does he, his hounds, his horses, and his friends ever commit a trespass en the rack-rented tenant? Are not his ditches broken down, his corn injured, his potato -beds trampled, and his farm fowl destroyed ? Yet we read of no trespass case at Petty Sessions. The sports man escapes the meshes of the law. The poor man cannot adjudicate in his own case; and when it is POVERTY versus WEALTH, he has but a poor chance in the rich man's court. He remains away, and silently endures, year after year, a trespass far more serious than that committed by the poor water-drinker. This is what gives the people a distaste for the administration of justice in this country, and brings it into disrepute. We think the teetotallers of Fermoy ought to pay poor Leary's fine and costs, and give him a suitable pre sent in the bargain. —Cork Southern Reporter. THE WEATHER AND SHIP WRECKS AT STORNOWAY, &c. STORNOWAY, Nov. 6.—As the mail packet has been so irregular in her trips from this island to the mainland of late, the following news of the late gale on our coast have not found their way into any of the papers. The gale of the 20th ultimo was one of the most severe ever felt by the inha bitants of this place. All the vessels lying in the harbour were safe, except a small sloop, named the Maria, which parted from her anchor and received a little damage. At the Butt of the Lewis, a large brig, hull up, came on shore; the cargo, consisting of deals and poles, have been all saved ; the hull is broken up—crew drowned. A ship named the Notalas, of Sunderland, three masts cut away, came into Lochresort, laden with deals from Archangel—crew saved. The hull of a large vessel, supposed to be a Prussian, laden with timber from Memel, came on shore at Uig—crew drowned. A Spanish schooner, named the Annette, of Bilboa, laden with fish, from North Bergen, came on shore at Barra —crew partly saved. A large foreign barque, timber laden, struck on a rock at Valamors, near the mouth of Lochshell, is bilged, but.will be got off. A brig and schooner were lost near Cape Wrath, and only two individuals of the crew were saved. The harvest is about finished in this quarter. I am glad to say the potato crops are entirely free of the disease said to be so prevalent in other parts of the country.—Scotch Reformers' Gazette. WESTERN BANK OF SCOTLAND.—A special general meeting of this flourishing establishment was held in the Tontine Hotel, on the 7th inst., T. D. Douglas, Esq., of Dunlop, Deputy-Governor, in the chair, when resolutions were unanimously agreed to, empowering the Company to create 30,000 new shares of 501. each. This resolution gave much satisfaction to the numerous shareholders present.— Scotch Reformers' Gazette. INSECURITY OF THE SUBURBS.—The inhabitants of the suburban districts of Hackney and Clapton have been recently subjected to some uneasiness, in consequence of a caution on the part of the police, to the effect that a gang of thieves and burglars are on the alert in that parish. Hitherto no robbery has been committed, but a gentleman was assaulted a few nights ago, near the Victoria-park, by a ruffian, who felled him to the ground by a bludgeon, but was alarmed bythe sound of footsteps -before he had rifled his victim, and gotAwa.y. We understand: 'on go:Ca authoriqN-that an accre dited agent of the 'Government lias been ilialeing liberal offers to the shipwrightSsa - tha - Parious dockyards, of this city, to induce them to trifistler their 'Services to ie Government arsenals. The termi r we aii - informed, are ss. per day wages, free passage to theport wgere they are to be employed, and a promise of a penern after a servitude of a certain term.— Cork Examiner. • •,. -„„. ..... - FIRST SCOTTISH BIBLE.—The first edition of the whole Bible ever printed in Scotland was printed by collec tions of parishes, ordered by the Church. It was dedicated to the King in 1579; and it was required by Act of Parlia ment, under a penalty of 10/., that every family should have a Bible and a Psalm-book, and searchers were appointed to see that the Act was carried into effect. PATE OF THE APOSTLES.—St. Matthew, the apostle and evangelist, is supposed to have suffered martyrdom, or to have been slain with a sword at a city in Ethiopia. St. Mark was dragged through the streets of Alexandria, in Egypt, until he expired. St. Luke was hanged upon an olive tree in Greece. St. John was put into a cauldron of boiling oil and escaped death ; he afterwards died a natural death at Ephesus. St. Peter was crucified at Rome, his head downwards, at his own request, thinking himseif un worthy to die in the same posture and manner as his blessed Master. St. James the Great was beheaded at Jerusalem. St. James the Less was thrown from a pinnacle or tower wing of the Temple, and then beaten to death with a fuller's club. St. Philip was hanged up against a pillar at fliers polis, a city of Phrygia. St. Bartholomew was flayed alive by command of a barbarous king. St. Andrew was bound to a cross, whence he preached to the people, until he ex pired. St. Thomas was run through the body with a lance at Coromandel, in the East Indies. St. Jude was shot to death with arrows. St. Simon Zelotes was crucified in Persia. St. Matthias was first stoned and then beheaded. St. Barnabas of the Gentiles was stoned to death by the Jews at Salonica. St. Paul was beheaded at Rome by the tyrant Nero. THE LAW OF DEBTOR AND CREDITOR IN PRUSSIA WITH REGARD TO PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES AND GOVERN MENT EMPLOYES.—We read in a letter from Berlin, Oct. 27, published by the Gazette des Tribunaux :—" For some time past the Prussian Government had adopted the principle that all public functionaries and persons employed by the State should be free from debt. The Ministers of Justice, Interior, Finances, and Public Instruction, informed their subordi nates that if they got into debt they must expect to be dis missed, and this menace has been more than once carried into effect. The Minister of Justice even Went further, for in order to prevent for the future the admission into the judi cial order of persons not sufficiently- well off to render it unnecessary for them to incur debts, he issued a notice that no person should be appointed to a judicial post, or even to any office connected with it, without having previously proved that he could command for ten years an annual revenue of 400 thalers (641.), ten years being taken as the possible period during which he will have to climb up the ladder of promotion until he can receive a sufficient salary for his support. The Minister of War, who had taken no step of this kind, has just acted in a diametrically opposite way from that of his colleagues. He has reserved all his rigour for the creditor. He pro cured a list of the debts of the officers under age (under twenty-five) of the garrison of Berlin, which at present consists of 40,000 men, almost all corps d'elite, or royal guards, whose officers are necessarily compelled to a more expensive mode of living and display than those orthe army generally, and brought before the tribunals all the creditors who had lent money to the minors, or supplied them with articles of luxury, in order that they might be punished according to article 1,310 of the penal code, which says Every individual lending money to a minor, or giving him illicit credit (for other objects than those of necessity), shall be punished with a fine equal to the amount of the debt, which shall, independently of this fine, be re garded as null.' In consequence of this denunciation, 730 tradesmen—amongst whom coachmakers, saddlers, hatters, coffee-house keepers, horse-dealers, wine and spirit merchants, and tobacco dealers, are in the majority—appeared before the Criminal Chamber of the Tribunal of First Instance of Berlin, and were condemned to fines, amounting together to more than 112,000 thalers (17,920/.). Some of them have ap pealed to the Royal Court ; others have implored the royal clemency. It is reported that the King intends to remit one third of the fine." DARING FORGERY.—Merthyr has hitherto been celebrated for its noisy and fighting scenes; but a daring and successful forgery, perpetrated during the past week, forms quite an era in the history of the town. It is, we believe, the first attempt of the kind ; and, as a wag remarked, " affords an undeniable proof that the march of civilisation has extended even to these Cyclopian regions." A pale young man presented at the Brecon Bank a cheque for 240/., purporting to have been given by a Mr. Morgan Thomas, a coal merchant, living about seven miles from Cardiff, at a place called the Upper Boat. Feeling a little surprised at this unusual mode of raising the monthly pay of the Vnysgan colliers, Mr. Evans required the youth to find some one in the town who knew him. He went away, and shortly returned in company with Mrs. Harman, of the Gwaelody garth Arms. Upon her assurance of the respectability of the youth, who appeared in the garb of, and professed to be a preacher, the money was paid. Mrs. Harman was intimately acquainted with Mr. Thomas, and spared no pains to enter tain his professed agent. The young man parted from her that evening at the railway station, and took his ticket for Llandaff; but, instead of going to Llandaff, he alighted at Treedythiw, three miles from Merthyr, and it is strongly suspected that the pseudo reverend is a well-known female! The kept mistress of an insolvent publican has been taken up on suspicion—she lately deposited 2001. in the West of Eng land Bank, whereas a few days before she had applied for parish relief !—Cambrian. SINGULAR PHENOMENON ON LAKE O N TARIO.—Pn Saturday last a most extraordinary occurr ence Was noti ced in the lake at this place. Shortly before noon, .som t e geni tlemen who were walking on the wharf, happening struckocas their eves upon the water between the piers, were with the very unusual appearance of a strong t current or tide, as it were, setting directly out to sea. I seemed as if the whole lake were going bodily away. In a few mi nutes nearly a third part of the inner harbour, with a t d cor responding portion of the shore on either side, was le ft en tirely bare, when suddenly thetid e turned and came as rapidly back again, filling the harbour at least two feet higher than it was before. This extraordinary action of the lake was continued at regular intervals of every eight or ten minutes till after dark—the highest tide noticed being a little before six in the evening, when the water rose seven inches higher than it was last spring, and just two feet and an inch above its present level. We understand the same occurrence was noticed at other places on the lake, and hear that at Port Hope the effect was so great that the steam boat Princess Royal could not get into the harbour at all; running hard aground when more than her length outside the entrance to the piers. The cause of so extraordinary a phenomenon is at present a matter of various conjecture, but the general opinion seems to be that it could only have been produced by a violent earthquake in some part of the conti nent, which we shall probably soon hear of.—.Coburg Star. AFRICAN CANDOUR." Did you attend church to day, as I charged you ?" inquired an old Indian planter of one of his slaves, as he returned to his dwelling. " Sartin, massa," was Cudjo's reply—" an what two mighty big stories dat preacher did tell !" " Hush ! Cudjo, you mustn't talk that way; what stories were they?" "Why, he tell de people no man can serve two massas ; now dis is de fuss story, 'case you see ole Cudjo serves you, my ole massa, and also young massa John. Den de preacher says, 'he will lub de one and hate de other'--while do Lord knows, I hate you boff THE SACRED GIFT. Among the numerous publications in honour of Christmas, one relating to sacred subjects will be found a great acquisition. This is, indeed, a splendid " gift ;" it contains twenty beautiful engravings, principally taken from the great masters. The first plate repre- sents the " Mourners at the Sepulchre ;" the sorrowful expres.ion in the countenance and attitude of the two women, bowed down in grief, is beautifully pourtrayed. One of the principal engravings is the " Transfigura tion" of Raffaele ; this is too well known to need com ment. Coreggio's " Christ crowned with Thorns," the " Widow of Nain," and Poussin's " Holy Family," are all admirable ; the softness and delicacy of the engrav ing has done full justice to the beauty of the originals. Many of the subjects are illustrated by poems, by the Rev. C. B. Taylor, the editor of the work. Some of these r.re written in a slow and solemn style befitting the subject, and others are full of beautiful simplicity. " Simon Peter," is one of the best—the style is pecu liarly melodious and the imagery graceful. The prose division contains many sermons by different clergymen. On the whole this forms one of the most attractive of Christmas presents, the binding and general appearance are beautiful, and no doubt it will be as pleasing to the eye as it will be beneficial to the heart. THE DRAWING.ROOM SCRAP-BOOK. The name of this beautiful volume hardly does it jus tice; though its elegant appearance may render it a fitting ornament for the drawing-room table, yet the superior quality of the engravings render it more worthy to be counted as a work of art than a scrap-book. It contains 36 plates, comprising landscapes, portraits, his torical scenes, and sacred subjects, all beautifully exe cuted and highly finished. The frontispiece, entitled " Arcadian Shades," is from a picture by Rubens—it is a magnificent assemblage of trees of all varieties. " The Prodigal's Return" is by Salvator Rosa ; it is admirably engraved ; the face of the Prodigal, which is upturned in prayer, seems absolutely to rise from the paper. Of the landscapes the most beautiful are the " Doria Pa lace," at Genoa, and tho " Bay of Beim," in Italy. Among the portraits are Edmund Burke and Admiral Cedrington ; but the most interesting of the whole are likenesses of Lord Fordwich, the youthful son of Earl Cowper, and Lady Adele Villiers, the daughter of Lord iPrsey. The literary department is worthy of the rest ; it is enough to say that it is by Mrs. Norton. The fol lowing are some verses from the " Envoi:"— A master-hand may sweep the lyre, :And fail to win attention due : Some meaner touch may strike the chords, Whose echo vibrates strong and true: Familiar words, and simple airs, Are strongest in their sweet appeal: These dim the eye,—these thrill the ear, — For few can judge,--but all can feel! Then deem not. with a careless touch My hand hath . played a Minstrel's part ; My themes have been from Human Life, My Listener is the Human Heart ! And well I know that smiles and tears Will wait upon the Poet's line; And well I know that many a heart Shall echo back the thoughts of mine. THE JUVENILE SCRAP-BOOK. This is a beautiful Christmas present for the young, and will be a welcome addition to many a juvenile library. Edited by Mrs. Ellis, it combines instruction with amusement, and will be found not only interesting, but useful. The frontispiece is a likeness of Mehemet Ali; the other engravings generally illustrate the stories. There are many tales in prose and verse, the principal of which are the " Rich and Poor," the " Independent Bees," and "Maggie Mayflower." It is splendidly bound in crimson and gold, and will doubtless afford much satisfaction to the youthful readers. MEDICAL MISSIONS.—If the mission stations, now so numerous in India, had each a medical missionary at tached, with the means of dispensing extensively medical and surgical aid to the natives around, more might be done by this instrumentality to break through their ill customs, and introduce right views as to the bodily constitution, true character, and social position of women, than by any or all the other means that could be named. Within the last few years medical missions have been tried by the Americans in China, and with a success (so far, at least, as gaining the at tention, confidence, and gratitude of that suspicious people) which has never been equalled. In India the same experiment has not, to any extent, been tried ; but there can hardly be a doubt that it would equally succeed. The prevalence there of eye, skin, and other kind of surgical ailments, as well as of diseases in general, affords a field fur medical missionary exertion which, it is to be hoped, will not be overlooked by those who have the direction of missions. The scheme has this great recom mendation, that while it would propitiate the favour of the deeply-prejudiced Hindu, and open his heart to receive the Missionary's religious instructions, it would, from the very outset, confer those valuable temporal benefits which Chris tian benevolence, armed with European medical science, is so well able to dispense ; and which, moreover, after the example of Him who ' went about doing good," ought ever to be held second only in importance to the office of impart ing the truths of our holy faith.-31edica IGazette. JOINT-STOCK FACTORIES —On this subject Mr. W. Hewitt, the celebrated author, writes to the Leeds Times :—" What reason is there, that railways, and steam packets, and gas-works, and joint-stock banks, and all sorts of trade and mosey incorporations should thrive, and that joint-stock factories should not ? There is none. The million may have their shares in such companies, which shall be regularly managed by paid agents as these other investments are, and thus receive their fair share of profit, over and above the mere price of their labour. If this principle could be brought to bear, and worked into practice, it would con fer on this country, and on the world, the greatest possible blessing." ' ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETINGS. Free trade meet ings, which will be attended by Messrs. Cobden and Bright, are to be held at Sheffield, on Monday, the 24th; at Leeds, on Tuesday, the 25th ; and at Bradford, on Friday, the 28th instant. During the same week other meetings, which it is expected will be attended by Colonel Thompson and Mr. Falvy, will also be held at Wakefield, Barnsley, and Doneaster.—Leeds Mercury. MANSLAUGHTER BY A POLICE-INSPECTOR.—The town of Chipping-Norton has been thrown into the greatest excitement in consequence of the police-inspector, named Nott, having, on Wednesday last, struck a prisoner whom he was conveying to the lockup-house on a charge of felony, from which blow the poor man died on the following morning So great was the excitement during the holding of the in quest, that the Mayor issued handbills calling upon the people to keep the peace, and stating that the fullest investi gation should take place. This document appeased the minds of the populace, who before had shown symptoms of adminis tering Lynch law upon the inspector, and who had paraded the streets in large crowds, demanding vengeance on him. An inquest was held on Thursday before Mr. Westall, coroner for Oxfordshire, when the following particulars were elicited : The deceased, William Slatter, it appears, kept a horse in a stable near to that of Mr. Hall, and that the latter having lost a quantity of chaff, charged the deceased with having stolen it ; this he denied, but eventually Nott, the police-in spector, was sent for, and in the deceased's stable there was a quantity of chaff, which Mr. Hall said he could swear to as being part of that stolen. Upon the latter trying to get the chaff out of the manger, the deceased prevented him as much as he could, saying that the chaff was his own, and never belonged to Mr. Hall, and that he should not have it. Nott, the inspector, said they should have the chaff, and added these words—" I'll soon settle you ;" and as if by magic, as one of the witnesses stated it, he drew from his right pocket a thick stick and struck deceased a violent blow with it on the side of his head, which caused him to stagger, and deceased said, " You have done a fine thing now for me." Nott was about repeating the blow, when Mr. Hall pulled his arm back, and said, " For God's sake don't strike him any more ; there are plenty of people here to assist you, if it is required." The handcuffs were then placed on the deceased, and he was conveyed to the lockup-house. On his way there he complained how bad his head was. This was about eight o'clock in the evening; the next morning, on Nott going to the lockup-house, he found his prisoner dead. In consequence of the great excitement prevailing in the town it was thought proper that a post mortem examination should be made by a non-resident surgeon, and, consequently, the inquest was adjourned until Saturday, in order that the jury might avail themselves of the services of Mr. Wingfield, the eminent surgeon of Oxford, who promptly attended; and after making a post mortem examination, stated to the jury that he had no doubt that death was caused by the blow riven deceased on the head by Nott, and the jury without hesitation returned a verdict of " Manslaughter," and Nott was the same evening committed, and sent to Oxford Castle to take his trial at the next assizes. SLAUGHTER-HOUSES.--A case was lately brought before the Metropolitan Buildings Act Commissioners, as to whether a small slaughter-house, at Crouch- end, llornsey, was a building (if such a nature as that, in accordance with the 55th section of the Act, no structure could be erected nearer to it than fifty feet, the referees decided, " that if the slaughter-house be used for the slaughtering of animals for human food only, and be not used for the business of a gewol Araug,litger, but in connexion wit 4 the trade of a re taillintChei, and - particularly with the trade of a -Mitchel's shop thereto adjoining, then the said slaughter-house is not to be deemed to be a building used for the business of a slaughterer, or for a business noxious or offensive within the meaning of said Act.".—The Builder. * " I think the rail here mentioned is the wooden plank I referred to in a former letter, and the car the flat iron tire." It is said that Mr. Charles Ross, one of the Special Commissioners of the Property and Income Tax, will have the Commissionership vacant by the death of Sir John Mortlock. R OB BERY AT CHELMSFORD WORICHOUSE.-011 Tuesday last Mr. Burningham, the active porter in this establishment, saw George White, a pauper belonging to Great Waltham, throw a parcel over the garden fence into a field adjoining, and, upon examination, discovered it to con tain a pair of sheets and a pair of stockings. Suspecting White, who had been attending the sick in the hospital, and who had given notice to go out the' same evening, to be the thief, Burningham watched, when his suspicions were con firmed. He saw White go to the spot and take up the parcel, when he immediately apprehended him. The follow ing morning White was taken before Captain Skinner, R.A., and committed for trial.—Chelmsford Chronicle. POST -OFFICE, Nov. 14.—The next mails for Gib raltar, Malta, Greece, the lonian Islands, Egypt, India, &c., via Southampton, will be dispatched from hence on the morning of the 20th inst. The next mail for the Mediterra• nean, Egypt, Ceylon, India, and China, via Marseilles, will be dispatched from hence on the evening of the 24th inst. Great Liverpool, for the Indian mails of the morning of the 20th inst., Madrid, for the Peninsular mails of the morning of the 17th inst. West Indies, &c.—Teviot, for the mails of the morning of the 17th inst. America.—Cambria, for the mails of the evening of the 18th inst. DETECTION OF A SWINDLER.—We regret to learn that a young man named August Schmidt, the son of a re spectable merchant in Schlawe, Prussia, has been detected in a series of forgeries in this country, one of which has been effected on an extensive and influential mercantile firm in Newcastle. The delinquent, it appears, came to London about two months ago, with letters of credit and introduc tion, which turn out to have been forged, and in consequence of the supposed genuiness of which he realised 40/. from a mercantile house in this town. He also obtained a letter of introduction to parties in London, from the said firm, and on reaching the metropolis, forged a bill on the house that had thus obliged him, adhibiting no fewer t han seven false in dorsements of well-known merchants in London, and after wards discounting the forged bill with a corn-dealer there. Deeming it dangerous, however , to continue such transac tions, the delinquent next decamped to the continent, nar rowly escaping, in his tour, the eagle-eye of the celebrated Forrester, who had been dispatched after him. Yesterday another forged bill of Schmidt's, negotiated through a'bank ing- house in Marseilles, was presented for acceptance to the same firm he had previously swindled in this town, and, of course, refused. Forrester has been i n st r u c ted to apprehend the del inquent, and we shall doubtless hear of that being done in a few days.— Tynafercury. S N ~~. ~` ~, -~~ _, A MISTAKEN VOCATION. Christian Urban, first alto of the Royal Academy of Music, expired at Paris last week. He was a consummate musician, and highly esteemed in the musical world. ' Short, _ ill-shaped, invariably wearing a sky-blue coat, and dining every day at the same table at the Café Anglais, Urban;vras li .R. well known for his originality. But what, above awdiinn.;7c44-4 guished him was his extreme devotion, the minute practices of which lie scrupulously followed. He want to mass every day of the week, and on Sundays attended every service. At night he brought with him to the Opera orchestra pious books, which he read with unction whenever he was per mitted to quit his bow for a moment. Yon will ask why so devout an artist had engaged at the Opera. He deplored it, but had been obliged to enter the band. Urban hadatfirst devoted his talents to sacred music, but it had not yielded him enough to live upon, and necessity had thrown him into the dramatic world a theatrical musician. All the resources of his mind were employed in reconciling his ideas with the exigencies of his profession. Whilst accompanying with his violin the song and the dance, he had remained a complete stranger to the spectacle, and to its pomp and fascinating attractions. Ile had made it a rule to keep his head con stantly bent on his chest, and his eyes lowered on his music or prayer-book. On no account would lie have infringed the duty lie had imposed on himself, for the slightest infraction would have been to him an enormous sin. Never did his eyes venture across the proscenium ; never did he see the end of the foot, or the lower part of the leg of a dancer, even when she executed her liveliest pirouettes or most celestial entrechats. He had a holy horror of such abominations. We do not exaggerate; it is literally true that Christian Urban was many years in the Opera orchestra without ever having seen the stage. He was unacquainted with the cantatrices as with the danseuses. One day, in a drawing-room, he met a young and pretty woman, who 'addressed him as a person whom one often sees, and complimented him on his talents in flattering terms. " Who is that lady?" asked Urban. "What, don't you know her?" replied the master of the house. " I have never seen her." " Impossible! look at her well." "In vain do I look at her," reiterated Urban ; " I assure you that I have never seen her before." He told the truth, and it was necessary to name Madame Dorus, whom he actually saw for the first time, although he had heard her sing for the last ten years. Urban knew no faces on the Opera stage, and knew as little of the plays as of the performers ; he carefully avoided paying the least atten tion to those works of Satan, and the pious meditations into which he was plunged prevented his hearing the words of the lyric drama. Several modern works have exhi bited on the stage the ceremonies and pomp of the Church. Urban considered it a profanation, and shud dered when he heard the chorus utter Church music. One evening, whilst a procession moved across the stage, he was seen to kneel in the orchestra, cross himself, and pray with joined hands, as if he had been at Notre Dame. At the moment death struck him, Urban was about to retire on a pension, and devote himself to monastic life, which promised him unmingled felicity. He has died, leav ing the reputation of a very intelligent man, who, during 25 • years never missed a single performance at the Opera, and never saw Guillaume Tell, Robert le Diable, the Huguenots, the Juice, Sylphide, nor Giselle—of a musician of the Opera. band who was faithfully at his post every night during those 25 years, and who, though provided with excellent eyes, never saw Mademoiselles Falcon, Nourrit, Taglioni, Madame Stoltz, Duprez, Carlotta Grisi, or any other of the gods and goddesses of either song or ballet. —Paris paper. - - _ BARBAROUS AND BRUTAL MURDER.—On Monday evening, the evening of the Belfast fair day, while a number of farmers were returning home, they were attacked on the. Newtownbreda-road ; one of their party, named William Crawford, was brutally murdered, and his brother, Hugh Crawford, so seriously injured, that the doctor still conceives him to be in a very precarious state. Immediately after the perpetration of the murder, information reached the New townbreda constabulary station. The police lost no time in arriving at the spot, and, having seen the bodies of the un fortunate sufferers properly disposed of, set out in search of the parties implicated in the transaction. From information they arrested the following persons :—James Spence, Thomas Spence, John Cony, William Clarke, and George BPConnell. —Northern Whig. THE VINTAGE.—The most contradictory reports of the vintage in the neighbourhood of Geneva have been received. While from Wirtemberg but a middling wine is expected as regards quality, and not very satisfactory in quantity, accounts from the Pfalz represent the crop as totally lost, but one-fourth of an average crop being ex pected in quantity, and in several places sourworm and rot. have quite destroyed the grapes. The price for middling table wines has already risen from 150 to 2008. the piece, to 300 and 4001 ; and for best qualities 500 and 6001 is asked- In the Ahr, on the other hand, the vintage exceeds all ex pectations ; the quality is peculiarly good, and although the quantity is not so great, it is yet much over that of last year. Similar accounts have been received of the vintages in other Rhenish provinces.—Rhine paper. AN AMERICAN MANUFACTURING CITY.--The ten manufacturing companies of Lowell consume annually 12,000 tons of coal, 3,070 cords of wood, 72,549 gallons of sperm, and 19,000 of other oil. Of the whole population of Lowell, 6,320 females and 2,915 males, together 9,235, are employed as operatives, either in the mills, or connected with other mechanic employments. There are 33 mills and about 550 houses belonging to the corporations. The capital in vested in manufacturing and mechanical enterprises is 12,000,000 dollars. There are made in Lowell every week 1,459,150 yards of cloth, or 75,868,(300 yards per year. The cotton worked up every year is 61,100 bales. The printed calicoes made annually amount to 14,000,000 yards. The payment annually amounts to more than 1,500,000 dollars, and the annual profit of this immense business has been esti mated at the same amount, or about 12} per cent. THE STANHOPE MEMOIRS.—We are requested to state that Mr. Colburn, of Great Marlborough-street, has this day published a second edition of " Lady Hester Stan hope's Memoirs," Related by Herself, in 8 vols., with por traits, &c., price 31s. 6d. bound, which can now be had of all booksllers. Mr. Colburn has also just published :-2. Evenings at Haddon Hall, edited by the Baroness de Cala brella, and superbly embellished with twenty-four steel en gravings by the first artists, from designs by G. Cattermole, Esq., 1 vol. Bvo., richly bound, 31s. 6d.-3. Confessions of a Water Patient, by Sir Edward Bulwer Lvtton, Bart., 2s. 6d. —4. The fourth volume of the Nilson Letters and Dispatches, Bvo., 158.-5. Memoirs of Prince Charles Stuart, commonly called " The Young Pretender," with Notices of the Rebellion in 1745, by C. L. Klose, Esq., 2 vols. Bvo., 245. —6. A third edition of the Crescent and the Cross, by Eliot Warburton, Esq., 2 vols., 21s. bound.-7. Diary and Memoirs of Sophia Dorothea, Consort of George 1., now first published from the originals, 2 vols. Bvo., with portrait, 28s. bound. MILITARY DEFENCE OF CANADA.—We under stand that active preparations are now being made for the military defence of Canada. At Port Sarnia, a fort is to be erected, by order of Lord Cathcart. Penetanguishine is to be made a place of great military strength. Colonel Hol loway, of the Royal Engineers, and Captain Boxer, of the Royal Navy, have visited Port Hope, with a view to the selection of a site for a fort and other military defences at that beautiful and important position. Colonel Holloway designs three batteries on that part of the Port Hope Hills, called Fort Orten ; to be erected in a crescent form for protection of the harbour and security of the town. The engineers are now at work, surveying the narrow isthmus which divides the head waters of the Bay of Quinte from Lake Ontario, at Presque Isle, with a view to the construc tion of a canal at that point. At Kingston, the front of the town, at present occupied by forwarders, as mercantile store • houses, is to be pulled down, and a heavy battery erected in their stead. Three martello towers, one on Cedar Island at the east, and one on Stuart's Point at the west, and one oit the shoal in the bay, are designed for the strengthening of Port Henry, and the more effectual security of the city and harbour. In Lower Canada a military general order has issued, calling on all officers to report themselves to their commanding officer, in the event of their wishing to retain their commissions. We should deplore a war between the two countries, and hope it may yet be averted. But ear nestly as we should deprecate :so great a calamity, we would prefer even death to a dishonourable surrender, or the aban donment of justice and right. Give us peace by all means, but let it be an honourable one.—Canada Statesman. GENERAL CONSUMPTION or SUGAR.—The follow ing statistics relative to sugar appear in the Courrier de Nantes, compiled from an elaborate table which is due to the patient and indefatigable researches of Mr. Frederick Scheer, a gentleman whose connexion with the sugar-producing colo nies has enabled him to procure the most authentic details. The Zollverein, with a population of 29,066,000 souls, con sumes annually 70,000 tons of cane, and 10,500 of beetroot sugar. Belgium, Holland, Oldenburgh, llamburgh, Bremen, Lubeck, Hanover, and Mecklenburgh, with a gross total population of 10,349,000, consume altogether 51,000 tons of cane, and 5,000 of beetroot sugar. Russia, with a popula tion of 56,778,000, consumes 62,400 tons of cane, and 6,00(1 tons of beetroot sugar. France, with a population of 35,400,000, consumes 89,000 tons of French colonial sugar, 11,000 tons of foreign colonial sugar, and 28,000 tons of beet root sugar. Portugal, with a population of 3,412,000, con sumes 10,000 tons of sugar. Spain, with a population of 13,786,000, consumes 36,000 tons (36,100 tons of Cuba sugar in 1844). Sweden, Norway, and Denmark, with a total popu lation of 6,509,000, consume altogether 12,000 tons of sugar. Great Britain and Ireland, with a population of 28,323,000, consume 240,000 tons of sugar per year; the lonian Islands, Gibraltar, Cracow, and Switzerland, consume altogether about 46,000 tons of sugar ; Turkey and Greece, with a population of 10,700,000, consume only 4,000 tons of sugar; Canada and other colonies, with a population of 4,544,000, consume, it is estimated, about 15,000 tons ; and the United States, with a population of 18,700,000, consume 150,000 tons of sugar. The gross total population of the above sugar-consuming countries amounts to 278,033,000 souls, and the total_annual consumption of sugar to 845,900 tons. In the . the proportion of sugar consumed by each incU/laual per annum amounts to 6 1-Bth lb.; i n n the German States, not therein included, to 12 1-16th lb.; in RUASia, tO I 1-16th lb.; in Scandinavia, to 1-10th lb. ; in France, to 8 2-10ths lb.; in Portage!, t0 t0 6 4 6-10ths lb.; in Spain, to 5 8-10ths in Great Britain, to 191 b.; and, in the United States or America, to 181 b. THE KING AND THE BIRD -CATCHER.—A. few years before his death, a dealer in singing -birds from the Prussian part of the Hartz mountains came to Berlin, and called at the palace to express, in what he thought the best w ay, his thanks for the kindness which had been shown his sons, who were soldiers, namely, by pre sen ti ng t o th e Ki ng a so-called piping bullfinch, which, with enduring patience, he had taught to pipe the national air of "Hail Frederick William," &c., throughout, and correctly—this being the only instance of perfect success. The King smiled, and ordered the bird. fancier to be shown up, who, having placed the cage containing the interesting songster on the table, the bird, after some kindly words from its music-master, went through the practised air with all the solemnity of a cathedral priest, to the surprise and amusement of the King, whose delight increased when, on his saying "De Capo," the bird piped the air again. To the question "What's the price?" the pleased Papageno replied, " I won't take money for him; but if my dear King will accept the bird, and love him, the bare thought of his piping in the King's chamber will make me the happiest man of our Hartz, and the first bird-catcher in the world." The King felt good-will towards the honest fellow, who stood before him unabashed in his linen jacket; and Timm who had been summoned, received his Majesty's commands to have a room prepared for the bird-fancier in the adjoining wing of the palace, and was more than once summoned into the King's presence, who inquired minutely as to the localities of his part of the Hartz, and was amazed at his sensible and frank replies. During this stay Timm adroitly obtained such knowledge of his private circum stances and views as contented the King. When the time for the man's departure came, Timm franked him by the diligence. Arrived at home be found, to his utter astonish ment, that the mortgage of 500 dollars on his house had been paid off by command of his Majesty. Thus was his unhoped for but highest earthly desire accomplished, whilst he was enjoying the sights in Berlin.—Life of the late King of Prussia. MELTON MOIYHRAY.—On Monday, the 10th inst., Mr. Charles Frow, a Railway Surveyor, was brought up in the custody of Superintendent Condon, before the Rev. G. E. Gillett, and fully committed for trial at the next assizes foe pointing a pistol and threatening to shoot William Biddle, when he (Biddle) was attempting to prevent Mr. Frow from surveying a field on the estate of the Earl of Harborough. in the parish of Saxby, on Saturday, the Bth inst. Mr. Frow was subsequently liberated on bail, himself in the sum of 100 L, and two others in 501. each, for his appearance to 11/14Yfer the charge at the anizee.—Leicestershire Jtercurg. •' .