The Sun. — London, England, 1845-01-15 00:00:00

1114' 1, OF NFW • 11 4k " Who runs may real" ." ri:l4, .12 '44= th e PhAppe, attended by the Count do Chabatines, ''' "Itiv. de Strada, and two orderly officers, went on Sat to Versailles, at three o'clock. His Majesty l ' et urteel to the Tuileries at six. s.. r he -buke de N emours ' second soiree took place on t "l'd ay evenin g . I t was preceded by a dinner party, ill; winch were invited t h e P r i neess de Wagram, the p u ke and Duches s d e M assa, the Duke de Broglie, smt int and Countess Mole. Count and Countess de Mon .aftenuitiu, Count and Countess de Sidvandy, M. and "ne. Dupin, M. Bignon, M. Debelleyme, &c. At the c' B, ' " h a ig party were the Duke de Dalmatia, Generals l',2o ." t r ta ar a ll s ra te ' r. ' 4 "(Plettinot, de Secur, MM. Conte (the i,,_:reprveineer General), C. Dupin, Mignet, Cabnon, Viper. *oilier de la Sizeraene, de Chasseloup-Laubat, &c. II 300 persons in all. At nine o'clock bees : a a b n o d ut Princess de Junin elthe • • Il Duke and • - " e66 trstuniale and the Duke de Montpensier, en lered the room. ' en. th,eiast reception at the Tuileries, Barry Baldwin, w2ti,'";:r. for Totnee, lately returned from . Greece,__ and -1 . -tl ',Wong.Exeter arrived from cc,„ lt i : y rland, we e s , presented t o their recently Majesties by Lord irl,_Gteeral Guingret died on Sunday, aged 61, at the °le Militaire of which he was the Commandant This ,11i3itt"nguished officer was member of the Consulting Com m e,e of the Staff, Commander of the Legion of Honour, ‘ I C "ight of St. Louis and St. Ferdinand of Spain. ehleneral Guingret was for many years known as a fine Print'3player, and his portrait is one of those given in the i ~, representing the great chess match between 3, r. ie The Marquis d'Audiffret, Peer of France, elected a 1 4 ti ltY3 back by the votes of his colleagues to form f: t t the bureau of the Chamber, left Paris on Sunday 1,1,401er-in:law, Ill s haste for Bordeaux, in consequence of the death of Baron Portal, also Peer of France. fro m "e Carlist General Zariategui had arrived at Paris hii ett Piedmont. The General was preparing for pu - 114 )n memoirs of General Zumalacarregui, whom he Pai ge 'olnpanied as private secretary in several cam s, qel:h_ea.Journal des Debate states that the SicilianConsul fre:er, .1 at Algiers has received an official Rl_ announcement Pre ' Los Government that all quarantine has been p sse s a • wing4''' In the kingd om of the Two Sicilies en ships ar d:_. irons the port of Algiers, and reduced to seven - 4 6 . Teretn other ports in the Regency. Plenipotentiary C.... 1 .1 PoPe lately granted a private auclience to M. de Q t 1 111 0 et Ayenz a the Spanish Minister 0 _ a t , -e li t' l 3' See. ' This is the first representative I i en laahella lett er from IL whom his H o l iness h as re ceived. Prague of the 2d states that, from th t e rtntencement of the disease in horned cattle i u n p_ 0 0 . 1 , '.. 22. the disease raged in 129 different pl e a d ces . it, of he the that 2,063 horned cattle were attack b killed, and qiealelljlumber 106 only' had recovered ; 1,044 y having 3 .," or the eemplaint, 880 were necessariiy e %ere still under the scourge. LANs, mir=e 001 11 P s : foiein the B a il Itisi for an attachment against the Mayer and seven Court Mr. Justice Williams granted a me mbers of the Town Council of Wigan, for having neg. er. t,c.nLia_ke a return to 13 mandamus. Dean of Arches Court l Edward was sworn a proctor of the Admiralty. , he having been odium, d by the .. in the g te e first session of the present term to practise in the e.eelesiastical Courts. WCharles Kerr ' Nicholls, cholls. whese name ha s b een Ire eernlY before the public in connexi on w i th the Feu estnai nster Loan S oc i e ty, a ppear e d i n t h e Bankruptcy rt for the purpose of - endeavouring to pass .." final e xamination. - The accounts which he presented eer e of . L. a complicated el:erecter. Mr. Sturgeon having rid"''ll heard for the bankrupt, the Learned Commissioner he did not comprehend these strange accounts ; the ;ladankupta explanations were altogether unsatisfactory ; therefore the judgment of the Court was, that the '' 4 t examination of the bankrupt should be adjourned vine ts' 4 . ( he. Mr. Sturgeon prayed for even a limited pro not"Dutton for the bankrupt. Mr. Commissioner Fane—No, ~. for a day —not for a single hour. As the bankrupt Phasic le aving the witness-box he said, with marked em -- 43 i 3 , I ana the most fearful victim who was ever before Lilt Court 7 , a 4t th e Mansion House the Lord Mayor was occupied rin g a considerabl e t i me in investigating a N't ry serious charg e of alleged felonious assault upon a little girl, ba rn 1 .e'd Mary Ann Lee by her master A. V. Wyatt, K( . epe r of an e ating•he;use, • ower-street. The pri soner was remanded to Fridal Dennis George Connel, describedy' as a labourer, was Ttilly committed from Bosv-street, charged with stealing a quantity of cheques from the Olympic Theatre. At Queen -square, Mr. Charles Morton the proprietor of the George, Belgrave-road, appeared ait Cinit to answer a charge preferred against him by thistheCusto r ms, for harbouring and concealin g a dozen bottle s of French brand.__y, the same being goods liable to the dut y The case was gone into at great length, but the payment of 117.1gi!trate gave it as his opinion that there was not tutle.,tent evidence in this case to establish the fact of a titit'ti knowledge, and the defendant was therefore en ', 4 (3s t° an ac qu i tta l . stets baniel Wilks and John Wray, respectably-con t'itle ?4Aing men, were fined 405. each at Lambeth, for 1/4',,..t'aii,llfiee-arins in the public highway at an uurea -''Ae (411° e `t!' of the morning, to the terror and annoy- IC t neadAhabitante and casual passers by. , t °4 0,1 le ant, named James Barnett, 19 years ofage, - 1 1, - 'Y el li . was a very thin pair of trousers and b e a. - Ole L ot mg of which could i, ,`ltati n e•Kered shirt, the colour hardhly. t/ tice g‘,4lllthed, was charged at the Thames-o ce, y, f. etie:•••'Reant cz • of the iil division, with an act c L. , 'cane ssrase, i les 8 0 the • heprisoner was a well-knowst /13 414 0 3 ' by which he had successfully levied contra pave to roth public. T p 4 - for te , ,., t witrn the an excellent living by chalking the word cell and lying down s Stir s 1 his usual N•h its Ile had t been frequently clothed b . y charitable 1 ,otit the da after he appeared in When hat'o4" costutney His pocket was full of coer 441 (4; 8 W : 4 aPPrehellded. He was committed for p fopur s ts O The Duk e ITIRT-- Paarttiologs.kk ix.. ,T e lorthe of Manch es t er h as arr i ved at his seat in m'eist i n;" °I Ireland, from Kimbulton Castle, Hunting ktuiveee's We learn that favourable accounts have been Hunting re, Df,(l_ll Por,tugal of the Duchess's health. „,,"3', after 4 e of IN elfin ton left Apsley House on.Mon %-,ittl„ for .1' attending the Privy Council at Windsor to r,,,,! Strathfieldsay, where his Grace is expected ttillii.:Liinituenottlhe meeting '- ' of Parliament.. 1 tirlay fe e Norfolk arrived in St. Jam, s's-square on 'kite s l i u'n Arundel Castle. The Duchess and the 'the liar remain at the Castle. at 'the arid Mai chieness of Lorn have arrived . -1 :,,gY11. --Y Ca stle, on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of 4 ' Itzkiii.,_ to es of Lansd owne an d L a d y Louisa liNil treee arrived at Lan s d owne H ouse on Monday, erkeb,°'"'""d. The Marquis of Lansdowne has lett 15 etlfo rd Y7 . 9? .. ar e , on a visit to the Duke and Duchess of wl,i eel has arrived at the family mansion, in ga r d e , from Drayton Manor, S:affordshire. G ail Public meting is. .tobe thx. 'all, Lath, t ' held on the 15th, at the theth Ai r. " petition for a repeal of the_ window eity a chucke and Lord Duncan, the Members for vii,lPetitioren ixspiencted to be present. . 5ni11; 1 1 3 Si ng " Thateoaul.soecaolf j o ig u n rt a s tu ß r i e ll, at Merthyr Tyd with a clause re law'h4ge - a. k"Wied ge of the Welsh language from the 6 of t he Loc 1 Courts in Wales, may_ Parliament." into a •,:A at a n early • t - question ),Period of the next session o. Parliansent.': !enue with was recently made by the . officers of the w t 'l t e 4 ' ju3Porterensect to a cask of liquid called cherry : t .i ree for A. l into this country from Rotterdam, and 1 ,.. , ,4 ad „,7y by the parties as goods manufactured .e. dt 'rcl as b ei Vr , 77 . l duty of 20 per cent, which_ _ _ ° I) • , jitZtk offo the tolllittniroper entered, and _ forc! i ded 1 'litrus nal 9ird r. Tire . , the chem s a t r , for th - e stilt o b e t, ,, . y.sation. The article was declared b . y ~ t , oe juice of cherries, and found, on being dis at i ab out . 1_ post having the . *ltit - e"tai n tt a' . ' flavour cf Geneva, 44 ,3 cs nta . 'e seine per cuntage proportion of alcohol q ha_ stained generally with the average of port wines, as ,i4a,atih,erefore, been directed to be charged with duty I l , l ,tlai Ni , (of other sorts). This order has been cona te ieee4tntoattt officers at the several departments for and future government. izlxelliettf:d,e,_riek Gontburn, son of the Chancellor of the te ll s t i or ...itzasstobeen appointed to the vacant seat at the age T '-' ras, caused by the death of the Hon. 'utsae_nitek-itiZgg!,. W on: of the Commissioners, about a et‘,rtnetan e;eatitvvaas rumoured roi)le a day or two ago th a , and it turns out to be %illb t ' as t he a pointpment has . been con.firmed,.and...r. I Er, urn will shortl y enter into the duties of his office. Ao rta e f° ond t . „, a ionstone of a steam basin was laid at lllier"iil on Monday, by Sir Hyde Parker, CB., .\, a r i . t \ t l e T rid j ell , !:tif the dockyard. -"Loes 411exan, ren appointed one of her Of tt, HonetlltSei scene his easyyesterday as a bencher "e urabl ' e Society of the Middle Temple• ef Dapbes... --------------------- .4iak '''' ° P A SHABBY' PROCEEDING. --The letter the e_" ° l ) Crolly to M O'Connell, enclosing one from tlt y e t - E . e e bi c :• i n .1.:111,?etone. tothra-t Prelate, was first published in terdue statement"'ogf PO5l of last Saturday, and, as appears 111_ 53,08 of our Dublin Correspondent, in yes tt;') PUblic at i on of h i t e proprietor of the Post delayed yes toe r s aad, o f , , e 8 paper until after the departure of % I ', nal at th ,,' the purpos e of favouring one Loudon aft el,, ore, put to °b, th eref v e xpense of the rest" Our Correspondent the inconvenience. and expense . tio t ... ere ss, in order t el • of ity of o deist the trick, by welch a ,ti e c , L _, . into,.gence was attempted to be obtained. ' aels r ''''' "'le of yesterday duly acknowledges, it, a brief C st , the letterteiep„ rar . favour ot the Pest. Agains t our Londsn ) we have nothing to complain ; but the Atn,l i "'rig a public document and intend for general I)t4)o:tt,c',a,rltitruir_Ntliecoinsider the conduc t of the Evening .. It tl froiliPa '‘gvhigtiLhemexortretne—but what is to be ex- A t °va t \ - r isrir ~. 72211 y but riser, TO STow.e.—The Duke of Welling- Ilhl:ll° 'ri e ll , ut g° to meet the Queen and his Royal High '4l, t e L e Albert, as stated Sir Robert Lady ady test) the Earl (.1 Counts ' • q !lil a v• .an ss of Jersey and ci e s tall illiers• the I.arl of Abertreen, Sir James ;,.riliitariell. lb -Y.' Ea ' ;l and Countvss Delawarr and Lady ~ e confessW est, the Marquis of Breadalbane, the Earl " r . L of Oi k n • T kr,. ( Aelei and ey, ...ore and Lady Nugent and the personages of rank' who i, to b , are among i t ßlii ten "ne guest s of the Duke and Duchess of Buck stroweectehtte. county %riff duel 'lß the visit of her Majesty. The High is to present the county address to usle Ing to her ‘lajesty and will be invited to ro N . . , , arele at d inner, TIqESUIN, LUG` WEDNESDAY EVEN ING, JANUARY' 15 1345. AMERICAN NEWS. IGHT OAYS LATER FROM AMERICA. ARRIVAL OF THE ACADIA. By the Mail Steam-packet Acadia, which arrived at Liverpool yesterday morning, we have received American papers to the 31st ultimo. The Anti-Rent outrages still continued. The discussion in Congress on the subject of the annexation of Texas was fixed for Monday, Jan. 6. Colonel William Polk, the brother of the President elect, had arrived at Wash , ngton from Nashville. These papers contain copies of the documents con cerning the relations of the United States with Mexico, transmitted by the President to both Houses of Congress. The following is from the New York Commercial Advertiser Texas, set out for Mexico, being invested by the Pre sident ad interim with the conduct of the war against Paredes. He set out for Jalapa on the 7th ofNovember, at the head of 8,500 men, crossed rapidly the depart ment of Puebla, where he received some additional troops, and on the 18th arrived at Guadeloupe, a town near Mexico, where he fixed his head-quarters. He had left the departments of Vera Cruz and Puebla full of professions of loyalty to his Govern ment ; and he found the same professions in that of Mexico, and similar professions came to him there from Queretaro and Guanajuato; and he prepared to march from Guadeloupe, and to assemble at Quere taro a force of 13,000, with which to overwhelm the little army of Paredes. But, even at this moment, all powerful as he appeared, at the head of a great army, and with all the departments behind him loyal, symptoms began to appear of the uncertainty of his cause ; for though the Congress did not pro.. fessedly support Paredes, yet it insisted that Santa Anna should proceed constitutionally, which the latter was unable or indisposed to do. The Mexican constitution provides expressly that the President cannot command in person the military force either by land or sea without the previous per mission of Congress.. Santa Anna had taken the command without even pretending to ask the consent of Congress ; and in so doing had himself performed a revolutionary act quite as positive and serious as that of Paredes. Nevertheless, on the 22d he pro ceeded on his march to Queretaro, and on the same day the Chamber of Deputies voted the impeachment of the Minister of War, General Reyes, for signing the order under which Santa Anna held the com mand of the troops. Congress also voted to receive and print the pronunciamentos of the revolutionised department, in all this indicating a disposition, not to be mistaken, of hostility to Santa Anna. On arriving at Queretaro, Santa Anna found that, although the military authorities were professedly in his favour, yet the junto departamental had pronounced for the initiative of Jalisco. Therefore, he make known in the members that if they did not repronounce in his favour, he would send them prisoners to Perote. They refused, and three of them were immediately arrested by his order, and sent off, under a strong guard, in the direction of Mexico and Perote. When the report of these proceedings reached Mexico, the Congress immediately summoned before it the Minis ters of War and of Government, to know whether they had authorised General Santa Anna to imprison the members of the junta departmental of Queretaro. This subject occupied th e Ch am b ers on t h e 29t h and 30th of November, and their attitude had now become so menacing, that the President ad interim, Canalizo (after consultation with Santa Anna), took the high handed step of deciding to close the session of Con gress by force, and declare Santa Anna Dictator of the Republic. Accordingly, on repairing to the Palace on the Ist of December the members found the doors shut against them, and guarded by soldiers; and on the 2d appeared the proclamation of Canalizo, as Presi dento interino, declaring the Chamber dissolved in definitely, and conferring all the powers of Govern ment, legislative as well as executive, on Santa Anna, as Presidento proprietario, the same to be exercised by Canalizo as Presidento interino, until otherwise ordered by Santa Anna. For some days this forcible demolition of the constitutional Government by the creatures of Santa Anna remained without pro ducing any apparent effect in Mexico. But on the very day when the news reached Puebls, Ge neral helm), Commandante -General of that depart ment, in concert with the civil authority, pro nounced against Santa Anna; and in a few days (on the 6th) the garrison and people of Mexico rose against the Government, imprisoned Canalizo and his Ministers—Congress re-assembled—the President of the Council of Government, General Herrera, as sumed the exercise of the functions of President according to the constitution, and new Ministers were appointed the next day, whose authority was imme diately acknowledged in Vera Cruz. At the latest dates there from Vera Cruz (Dec. 12) affairs stood thus : The departments of Sonora, Sinaloa, Jalisco, Zacatecas and Aguascalientes were in a state of re volution, and in military possession of Gen. Paredes. Gen. Santa Anna (with Cortazar) had military possession of the departments of Guanajuato and Queretaro. Santa Anna's President interino, Canalizo, and his Ministers, were imprisoned in Mexico. Congress had re-assembled, and a temporary constitutional Government was installed there, composed as follows, viz. : General Jose Joaquim de Herrera, President of the Council of Government, charged temporarily with the supreme executive authority. D. Luis Gonzaga Cuevas, Minister of Foreign Rela tions, State, and Police. 1). Mariano Riva Palacios, Minister of Justice, Public Instruction, and Industry. D. Pedro J. Echeverria, Minister of Finance. D. Pedro Garcio Conde, Minister of War. And it was already known that the departments of Puebla and of Vera Cruz had declared their adhesion to the provisional Government; and there is no doubt that most of the other departments will also support the Congress. Mean'Whilv, Santa Anna is constitutionally Presi dent of the Republic, but unconstitutionally in com mand of the troops employed against Paredes. The new Minister of War has ordered him to give up this command. If he refuses he becomes undoubtedly a rebel and a traitor; because the new provisional Government in Mexico is constitutionally constituted. If he con sents, he ceases to have any troops for his support; he is placed at the mercy of his enemies. His position is now an extremely critical one therefore. Everything depends on whether his troops adhere to him again t the Congress and the constitutional Government. If they do he becomes the military Dictator of the country. Reports were current at Vera Cruz that a party of his troops had already proclaimed him Dictator, and that mother part had declared against him ' • but upon this point no information in authentic form had reached the public ear. If any sufficient portion of troops adheres to him, to enable him to continue the war, still he is sur rounded with difficulties, being in the very heart of the Republic, with Jalisco and its coocurrent de partments to the Pacific against him on the one hand, anal Mexico, with its concurrent departments to the Gulf, against him on the other hand. _ . , He may recover himself by some new turn in the wheel of fortune, and resume his place as constitu tional President proprietario of the Republic ; but this is hardly probable, as the public sentiment is almost unanimous against him in nearly all the departments. It seems more likely that he will have to yield to the storm ; and, if not deprived of his life, he may escape to the United States by a sudden march on Tampico, or to South America, by way of the Pacific. termination, as well as an ability, to preserve order throughout the Republic. P.S.—Nov. 20.—Additional information has come in from Lezama, by which we learn that the force of the insurgents amounted to about 400, and that they were subsequently encountered by the constitutional troops and driven into the mountains. After the death of their leaders, Centeno and Alva rado, they were headed by two of the sons of Cen teno. Many of them have been killed, and the re bellion is now considered at an end. TERRIBLE STE A IM-BOAT ACCIDENT— THIRTY-ONE LIVES LOST. (From tha Louisville Journal of Dec. 20.) We are again called on to record a most melan choly occurrence on the Mississippi river, by which more than thirty lives were lost. About twelve o'clock on Saturday night, the 14th instant, as the Belle of Clarksville, from New Orleans for Nashville, was rounding the bar below the Horse shoe Cut-off, she come in collision with the Louisiana, from Memphis, on her way to New Orleans. The Belle of Clarksville did not obey her helm, but sheered off, by which she came directly across the bow of the Louisiana. The engines of both boats were immediately stopped, but not in time to prevent collision. The Belle of Clarksville was entirely demolished—the hull parting from the cabin, and the cabin breaking into two pieces. The hull instantly went down, and the cabin floated to Old Town landing, about twenty five miles below Helena. The Louisiana took from the fragments all the persons on them. As far as can be ascertained thirty one lives were lost. Below we give a list of them. Names of passengers lust, nearly all of whom were residents of West Tennessee. W. Tabb, P. Linn, W. Linn J. Ryan, R. Malisle, N. Sils, W. J ones , T. 'Whitley, N. T. Allen, A. Kirkland, J. Askew, G. Ilyer, son of J. W. Hull, J. Peay, John Holliday (assistant engineer), four negroes belonging to J. Peay, twelve negro hands belonging to the boat—thirty-one. The survivors lost all their baggage. There were six valuable race-horses on board, all of which were lost, among them the celebrated mare Ann Hayes. The cargo, consisting of sugar, salt, coffee, and molasses, was all lost. The iron chest, containing 12,000 dolls. was saved. The cargo was insured for 23,000 dolls., and the boat for 8,000 dolls. SUPPOSED PIRATE.—The ship John Marshall, ar rived from Rotterdam on Tuesday evening, fell in with a vessel whose appearance and movements were very suspicious. The log-book of the John Marshall gives the following account : " Nov. 9th, lat. 37 54, lon. 16, at 8 A. M., saw a brig and schooner to the leeward—the brig with her starboard tacks aboard; the schooner hove to, with her fore-topsail to the mast; next morning saw the same schooner—she came near our lee quarter, then luffed up and came within four miles of us ; she hoisted Genoese colours ; at the same time she had a black flag hoisted at her main ; we hoisted colours, when she hauled down her black flag ; see luffed across our stern, and went hull down to windward, and kept in sight of us on the same tack ; at ten o'clock P.m., saw a light to leeward; in half an hour, she corning up with us very fast, called all on deck at half-past eleven o'clock ; she crossed our stern and went out of sight to wind ward, and hoisted a light; we tacked ship and stood N.E. fur fours hours. Fortunately a breeze sprung up, cloudy and squalls ; at four A.M. tacked to the westward; at daylight could not see her; on the 12th, saw a schooner which we took to be the same; she was a long, low, black schooner of 130 or 145 tons Isurden ; appeared to be an American built ; vessel's hull and sails new; saw a great many men on deck, and apparently a battery. Captain Poythress, passengers, and crew, have no doubt she was a pirate ; they suppose she had boarded the brig and in tended to board the John Marshall in the morning had they not made their escape in the night."—New York Advertiser, Dec. 26. WASHINGTON, DEC. 23, 1844.—The Circuit Court of this district have had under consideration a slave case of some interest, growing out of the application to carry back to Virginia a woman slave who was brought here voluntarily some years since. By an old law of Maryland, which continues in force in this portion of the district, every slave brought into the district by its owner with the view of residing here becomes free. In the pending case, a justice of the peace granted authority to the owner of the slave, or rather the administrator, to return with his slave. The Circuit Court decided that the justice of the peace had no power to grant such authority. The case was argued by able counsel, and excited a good deal of in terest.—Baltimore American. MORMON ♦ND INDIAN OUTRAGE.—The Warsaw Signal of the 4th instant confirms a rumour, put forth the week previous, in relation to Lyman Wright and his band of Mormons. It appears that Wright's band were suffering for want of provisions, but he would not let them disperse over the country to find employ ment. In order to relieve them, he went to the traders, and finding that they had flour, he tried to get some on credit, but was refused. He then took thirty men, and told the traders if they did not let him have the flour he would take it. He was defied, and made the attack on the store. The French and Indians fired on his men, and killed four on the spot, and it is supposed that nearly all fell in the retreat. — New lark Advertiser. NEW YORK MONEY MARKET DEC. 28. $4,000 NY. State 7, 1849 1064 500 Ohio 6s, 1850 1,000 Penn. 5s 74 i 40 shares Ba n k o f C om. full 99 150 shares Del. and Bud b 10 118 10 shares N. A. Trust 350 shares Farmers' Trust 3 35 4 50 shares Canton Co 43 10 shares Banhattan Bank 200 shares Morris Canal. 150 shares Erie R. R. s 60 28 50 shares Mohawk R. R. 59 575 shares Long Isl. R. opg .... 20 shares New Jersey R. R. 100 shares Stonington R. R..~ 75 shares Nor. and Wor. s 30 66 At the Board this morning, Farmer's Trust Co. de clined 1; Bank of Commerce i; and Ohio Sixes and Stonington Railroad 1 2 ; C an t on C o . a d va nced i; and Erie Railroad 4, NEW- YORK MARKETS, DEC. 28. ASTIES.—The sales of the week embrace about 700 barrels of pots at 3 dolls. 871 c. to 3 dolls. 75c., closing at the latter rate; and 400 barrels of pearls at 4 dolls. 12§c. to 4 dolls. 610. with some few small lots at 4 dolls. COTTON.—The sales for the week ending last evening amounted to 3,700 bales, principally towards its close, including 2,500 bales Upland and Florida, ordinary to middling at 41c. to 5c., middling fair to fair siic. to Sic., and fully fair to good fair Sic. to 6i-c. ; and 1,200 Mobile and New Orl eans, or di nary to m iddli ng 4§ c . t o 51c., and middling fair to fair Sic. to 6-gc. FLOUR AND GRAIN.--There is very little besiness doing in flour, prices remain about the same, and the market generally affords but few features of interest. • gentry who called and left their cards yesterday at Cambridge House, were the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk, the Earl and Countess of Haddington, the Marchioness of Westmeath, Viscount and Viscountess Combermere, Lord Euston, Colonel and the Misses Fitzgibbon, Rev. Dr. Dakins, Rev. Dr. Horsley Dakins, Marchioness of Douro, Viscount and Vis countess Ilawarden, Viscount Templetown, Mrs. L. Fox, Lady Anna Maria Dawson, Hon. W. and Mrs. Ashley, Marquis of Bristol, Colonel Scott, Earl of Warwick, Lady Mornington, Countess Dowager of Dunmore, Earl of Clare and Lady Isabella Fitz gibbon, Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, Lord and Lady Ernest Bruce, Lady Alicia Gordon, Dowager Lady Rivers, Mr. Cox, Viscount and Viscountess Pon sonby, Mr. C. and the Ladies Gore, Mr. and Mrs. John Talbot, the Lord Chief Baron, Lady and Miss Pollock, Prince Castelcicala, Sir W. Curtis, Bart., Lady and the Misses Curtis, the Earl and Countess of Dalhousie, Mr. and Mrs. George Hope, Sir James and Lady Graham, Rev. Dr. Jelf, Earl and Countess of Clarendon, Marquis and Marchioness of Downshire, Colonel and Mrs. Hugh Baillie, Miss Baillie, Lady Stuart de Rothsay, Viscount and Viscountess Canning, Lord de L'lsle, Vicount and Viscountess Newport, Earl and Countess of Erroll, Earl of Pembroke, Captain Henry Murray, R.N., Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, the Lord Chan cellor and Lady Lyndhurst, Miss Copley, Mrs. de Rothschild, Dowager Countess of Listowel, General Sir George Murray, Mr. and Mrs. Boyce, Colonel Cavendish, Dr. Francis Hawkins, Mr. Culling Smith, Lord Foley, Lady and Miss Foley, and also many others, comprising nearly all the nobility and gentry in town. The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz was going on favourably yesterday evening. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester sent to inquire after the state of her Royal Highness. A Cabinet Council was held yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office. It was attended by Sir Robert Peel, Lord IVharncliffe, the Duke of Buccleuch, Earl of Aberdeen, Lord Stanley, Sir James Graham, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Earl of Ripon, the Right Hon. IV. E. Gladstone, and Lord Granville Somerset. The Lord Chancellor joined his colleagues at four o'clock. Sir R. Peel arrived in town in the forenoon, from Windsor Castle. The Council sat three hours. The Ecclesiastical Commissioners for England had a meeting yesterday afternoon, at the office in White hall-place. There were present the Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishop of London, the Bishop of Exeter, the Bishop of Llandaff, the Earl of Chichester, and the Dean of Westminster. HER MAJESTY'S VISIT to STOWE. BUCKINGHAM, TUESDAY EVENING. Here, and all along the line of road from the Wolverton station, at the villages of Stony Stratford and Deanshangar, and indeed at every hamlet and farm-house, everybody seems to be in a perfect fever of bustle, preparing for the great doings to-morrow. At Wolverton to-day crimson cloth was being laid down upon the platform, and the usual preparations making throughout the station for the royal reception. Up wards of a dozen of triumphal arches, in various stages of progress, some nearly fleshed with evergreens and ivy, and others still only skeletons of poles, spanned the road from Wolverton to Buckingham, at various points. The loyal citizens of Stony Stratford were as busy as bees wreathing sign-posts and lamp-posts, and windows, and doors, with green garlands, and displaying, to the best advantage, painted mottoes and escutcheons. The Bucks Yeomanry, which is to form the escort from Wol verton to Stowe, are already under arms, and quartered some here and some at Stony Stratford. The good folks of Buckingham are working away manfully to deck out their town to the best advantage. The principal street is a perfect litter of ivy and evergreens—there are as many loyal mottoes as signs —green arches meet your eye at every turning—flags are suspended from the windows of the principal hotels and houses—from the Town-hall and steeples, and all the raw materials for to-morrow evening; illuminations—namely, lamps and oil, are being arranged in the forms, and to produce the effects, usual upon these occasions. The town is already mach crowded. The peasantry from the neighbouring districts have flocked in, and are parading wonderingly about the streets—their smock frocks, and little round white hats, contrasting pleasantly with the gay uniform of the yeomanry, who are also sauntering here and there and everywhere. A number of stands have been erected for spectators, and about 1,800 charity children from the surrounding country have had places provided for them to see the show. Shops, &c., are to be shut to-morrow at twelve o'clock. The procession to meet her Majesty 'ill form at one. In the evening the town will be illu minated, and on Thursday night there will be a great display of fireworks. At Stowe everything is ready for the reception of her Majesty. The state apartments have been duly fitted up, and are gorgeous in the extreme, studded with every article of luxury, art, and vertu. About one half of the house, or rather palace—the west wing—will be exclu sively set apart for the accommodation of her Majesty and the Prince. Among the guests expected to be pre sent are—Sir Robert Peel, Lord Aberdeen, and Sir James Graham. With the exception of one night, the number of the party to be invited, will not exceed forty. There is to be no ball. Prince Albert will probably enjoy some battu shooting in the Duke's preserves. M. Jullien's band and the Distin family are to perform upon Friday evening, when a number of the county gentry will be asked to Stowe. There are there at present the Marquis of Breadalbane, the Earl and Countess Dela arr, and Lord and Lady Jersey, and L )rd and Lady Nugent are expected to-night. Several triumphal arches have been erected in the grounds, which, bad as the weather is, have still a princely appearance. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) Stowe House will be brilliantly illuminated in front of the north wing, over the grand entrance of the portico, with the words " God save the Queen," on a large tableau, encircled with crimson coloured lamps ; and the right and left wings will be illuminated with the initials of V. B. and P. A., encircled with laurels, and headed with a large crown over each. This will be illuminated for three nights. At Buckingham the principal illuminations will be the Mayer (Mr. Smith)—extra large crown, V. A. The Rev. J. L. Long—large crown, " God save the Queen," and stars. Mr. Hearn —crown, encircled with laurels, V. A., two stars, and festoons. Captain Dews—large crown and star, and the portico with columns in front. Mr. Swain, Cobham Arms Inn —crown, star, V. A., and plume. Messrs. Salmon and Haslop—crown, V. A., and two plumes of feathers. Mr. King—Vivat Regina, star, and 11 A. Mr. Nelson—large star, V.A., and festoons. Mr. Harrison, White Hart Inn —crown, V. A., and plume. Messrs. Bradford and Harrison —crown, V. A., and two stars. Mrs. Smithson —crown, V. A. Mrs. Gray—star, V. A. Aliss Thomas—V. A. Mrs. Chaplin—star and festoons. Mr. Seaton—star. Mr. Bennett—star and festoons. Mr. Freeman—star. Mr. Partridge—star. The principal designs will be on the left wing of the Cobham Arms, which is to be appropriated to the offi cers of the Bucks Yeomanry, who will have a large crown, V. A., encircled with the rose, shamrock, and thistle, on a large scale. ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—In perusing your influential journal of the 10th inst. I observed in the article upon the trial of the Great Britain steam-ship, that Mr. Samuda was men tioned as the patentee of the atmospheric railway. I beg you will allow me to correct your error. The patent which rendered the atmosphere capable of being used, practically and commercially, as a motive power on railways was taken out by Mr. Clegg, the in- Yentor, who, in conjunction with Mr. Samuda, still holds the right. —I have the honour to be, Sir, yours, OBSERVER. [The article in question was taken from ,a Morning Contemporary.—ED. Sun.] EXTENSIVE FlRE.—Yesterday morning, between the hours of three and four, a fire, attended with a con siderable destruction of property, broke out in the spa cious coach and carriage manufactory belonging to Mr. John Waude, at the corner of the New and Old Kent roads. The premises, which were three stories high, were composed principally of wood, and at the time of the outbreak contained property to the value of several hundred pounds. The discovery was made by a police-constable, who perceived smoke issuing from one of the painting lofts. Mr. Waude, with his family, who were sleeping in an adjoining house, were instantly aroused. It then became apparent from the strong hold the fire had obtained, that nothing could prevent the complete destruction of the manufactory. The po lice and neighbours, therefore, set to work, and by great exertion, they succeeded in removing from the show-rooms a large number of coaches, the fire at the time was falling through the floorings upon their heads. The engines soon arrived, and, being well supplied with water, copious streams were thrown upon the blazing pile, in spite of which the fire continued to spread most fearfully, so much so, that at one time it was appre hended that the flames would reach the King's Arms, and other contiguous buildings, they having already fired the back part of one of the houses in Pitt's-place. By five o'clock, however, the flames began to assume a less frightful aspect, and in the course of another half hour the fire was safely extinguished. By that period the store-room, the three painters' lofts, counting-house, and show-room were entirely consumed. Fortunately Mr. Waude was insured. We understand that the several Noblemen and gentlemen whose meeting at Lord Howard's was noticed on a former occasion have continued their deliberations from time to time upon the Church question, and were preparing resolutions and a memorial to the Qucen against the recent changes in the form of con d ucting public worship, and attempts to sub vert the principles of the Reformation, to be submitted to a more extended meeting intended to be held early in this week, but under existing circumstances it has been deemed expedient to suspend their proceeding s until after the meeting of Par liament.— Times. NEW PROJECTED RAILWAYS. (From the London Gazette of Last Night.) RAILWAY DEPARTMENT, BOARD OF TRADE. Whitehall, Jan. 14, 1845. Notice is hereby given, that the Board constituted by the Minute of the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade, of the 24th of August, 1844, for the transaction of railway business, having had under con sideration the following schemes for extending railway communication to Portsmouth, viz.:— The Brighton and Chichester—Portsmouth Extension, The Direct London and Portsmouth, The Guildford, Chichester, Portsmouth, and Fareham Branch, The London and Portsmouth, with Branches to Shore ham bridge, Fareham, and Reigate, Have decided on reporting to Parliament in favour of the Guildford, Chichester, Portsmouth, and Fareham Branch; And against the Brighton and Chichester—Portsmouth Extension, Direct London and Portsmouth, London and Portsmouth, with Branches to Shoreham bridge, Fareham, and Reigate; And the Board having further had under consideration the following schemes for extending railway commu nication in the Metropolitan district, viz., The Epsom and Dorking, The Grosvenor Railway, The Great Western, Uxbridge, and Staines Junction, The London and Brighton—Wandsworth Branch, The London and Croydon Dorking Branch, The London and Brighton Dorking Branch. The London and South-Western Epsom Branch. The Metropolitan Central Junction. The Metropolitan Extension of the London and South- Western, The Richmond and West-End Junction, The South London and Windsor, The South• Eastern Branch to Reigate and Dorking, The Staines and Richmond, Have decided on reporting to Parliament in favour of the Metropolitan Extension of the London and South- Western, Richmond and West-End Junction, Staines and Richmond ; Against the Grosvenor Railway, Great Western, Uxbridge, and Staines Junction, London and Brighton—Wandsworth Branch, London and South Western—Epsom Branch, Metropolitan Central Junction, South London and Windsor. And recommending the postponement until a future period of the Epsom and Dorking, London and Croydon—Dorking Branch, London and Brighton—Dorking Branch, South-Eastern Branch—Reigate to Dorking. DALHOUSIE. C. W. PASLEY. D. O'BRIEN, G. IL PORTER. S. LAING. THE MURDER AT SALT-HILL. EXHUMATION OF THE BODY OF THE MUR DERED WOMAN. WINDSOR, TUESDAY EVENING.—The mother of Sarah Hart, through the activity of the police, has been at length discovered. She was residing with her second husband, named Hadlow, a blacksmith, at Gravesend, and, strange to say, neither of them had heard of the supposed murder until they received a letter from one of the police on Friday last, communicating the parti culars. The mother and her husband arrived at Eton this afternoon, when a meeting of the county magistrates took place, with a view to the further investigation of the case. After the depositions of several witnesses were taken, the woman proceeded to the churchyard at Farnham, where the body of the deceased was disin terred in the presence of Mr. Norblad, Mr. Champneys, and Mr. Moss, surgeons, the churchwarden of the parish, and foreman of the jury, and a number of other persons. __ - The coffin was placed on trestles at the church porch. and the lid being removed, the mother placed her hand on the face of the corpse, and exclaimed in the deepest agony of feelings, " This, indeed, is my poor girl." Decomposition had not taken place, and the corpse had undergone no change in appearance since its inter ment. The coffin was then consigned to the grave. It appears from information we have been able to ascer tain from the mother, that the deceased's name is Law rence, she being a daughter by a former husband. She was born at Chatham, in the year 1805. The last time she saw her was between four and five years ago, when she was living with the prisoner Tawell, at Bridge-street, near Southwark-bridge, as his servant, but she was not aware of her having the two children of whom the prisoner is supposed to be the father. At this period the prisoner had established a charity school in the above neighbourhood, to which he subscribed one hundred pounds per annum. The poor woman declared her inability to support the two children, both of whom, being illegitimate, will be passed to their respective parishes, and one being born in Marylebone, and the other at Chiswick, the poor children will be separated. Larkin, the superintendent of police, produced before the magistrates to-day a quantity of drugs found at the prisoner's house at Berk hamstead. There were upwards of fifty phials, con taining various liquids, which underwent an inspection by the surgeons, Mr. Norblad and Mr. Champneys, none of which, I believe, contained prussic acid. In obtain ing the drugs the officer received every assistance end courtesy from the wife of the prisoner, who is a very elegant and highly accomplished woman, and the daughter, a young lady of seventeen year:, assisted in packing up the drugs in a hamper. The assistant to Mr. Hughes, chemist, 89, Bishops gate-street-within, has been down to Aylesbury gaol to day, fur the purpose of seeing the prisoner, and he states that he remembers having sold to the prisoner on the day on which the murder was supposed to be committed a quantity of prussic acid. There are many additional facts with which the ma gistrates have been made acquainted, but in the present stage of the proceedings it would not be prudent or even fair towards the prisoner to publish them. THE FORMER APPREHENSION AND CONVICTION OF JOHN TAWELL, FOR FORGERY. The following is an extract from the Old Bailey re cords of 1814. It relives to the person who has been committed for trial for the alleged murder of his old ser vant, Mrs. Hart, near Slough : " London. " John Tawell (thirty years of age), from the Poultry Compter, committed by the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor (Birch), on oath of Edward Anthony Thorogood and others, for feloniously, falsely forging and counterfeiting a bank note for payment of 101., with intent to defraud the Governor and Company of the Bank of England. "Dated 4th of February, 1814. " Detained on oath of Joshua Bray and others, for feloniously, knowingly, and wittingly having in his pos session and custody a forged bank note for payment of 101., knowing the same to be forged and counterfeited. " Dated 4th of February, 1814.—Indicted. Confessed possession." _ _ The confession of Ow minor offence of having posses sion of the bank note, the making of which confession as a means of escapiLg the capital punishment, was consi dered to be at that period a very great favour indeed, had the effect of causing a sentence of transportation for 14 years upon the convict. The Poultry Compter was the prison which is now called the Gilt,ptir-strset Compter. It is stated upon authority that the Cheshire and Shropshire Junction Railway is withdrawn, and that the Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Chester Junction Railway will go into Parliament without opposition. One of the Members for Brighton, the Honourable Captain Pechell, has delivered a speech to his tenantry upon the present state of agriculture and the working of the corn. laws. We stop not to inquire as to the amount of the lion. Member's rent roll, but we do say that, with an immense amount of absurdity, he spoke one plain truth. There is no doubt that agriculture does not pay itselt, as Captain Pechell admits, but one would be almost tempted to say, from his statement, that the farmers of his property, from the state of their rents, ate in a flourishing condition. There is no one who reads the Gallant Captain's speech who will not admit this,. and it is well for him that he can afford so to do ; to keep up his position in society, to be a Member of the Legislature, and still to redts,e his rents. All land ldrds are not in the same position, as we believe the tradesmen of many country towns and villages can at present testify. It is very well for Captain Pechell to talk of steady prices; such, we believe, all agriculturists wish for, but the difficulty seems to us to be that prices may be steadily unremunerating, and we think Captain Pechell himself admits this fact. How, then, are the present corn-laws beneficial ? Let Government do what it likes, the agriculturists are losing money every day by the protection they are at present alleged to enjoy, and all that can be said of the matter, even on Captain Pechell's statement, is, that they are losing money by steadily low prices.—Morning Post. GRAND DINNER AT THE MAN510N24,...T-Ta)OoUrmSeEse.s:aoevrnt,: Monday the Lord Mayor and the Lady a very splendid entertainment to the numerou s members of his Lordship's household, illiantiy for the occa- Parlour, which was lighted up r the Venetian m a g nificent ma_ yo f ralty lo the ladies lilt sion, and in which the very was exhibited to great advantage. his Lordship's gentlemen of vs as spent o r r a d i s n h t p ' v a c family ry * the evening was kept up till a were present, e p l r i es a e s n f an th d e de lightful manner. The tables . were laid out most grace fully and bountifully, the loving cup went round with amazing rapidity, and the hospitality ve ry late hour, to the very great delight and warm ap probation of all the gentlemen of the household. DESTRUCTIVE FIRE IN THE CITY-ROAD.—Tues- day n i g ht, about half-past ten o'clock, a fire broke out in the extensive patent fire -wood manufactory of Mr. Gor ton, City-basin, City-road. The proprietor himself was the first to discover the fire, but imagining it to be no more than the foul state of a chimney he took but little notice, when the flames burst forth with great fury from the resin-room. Messengers were dispatched for the engines, and very promptly several arrived. Fortunately there was an abundance of water procurable from the canal, and by eleven o'clock the firemen succeeded in their ef forts to arrest the progress of the fire, but had not finally acoomplished their tasks till the workshops were com pletely destroyed. About forty loads of wood were en tirely consumed. Several persons had ducklings in the canal, but no serious accidents occurred. INSURRECTION OF VENEZUELA. (Correspondence of the United States Gazette, per Orion.) L♦ GUAYRA, Nov. 15, 1844.—An insurrection of rather a serious character has recently broken out in the neighbourhood of Lezarna, in this province, some sixty or seventy miles from Caraccas. A body of troops was immediately dispatched by the Government to the camp of the insurgents, for the purpose of restoring order ; on their arrival a flag of truce was sent to the hostile army, with offers of par don and protection to all who would return peaceably to their homes. These offers were, however, rejected, and a battle ensued, which resulted in the com plete overthrow of the revolters, and the death of their leaders, Conteno and .Alvarado. We have as yet no information as to the force of the insurgents, or the number they lost in the battle. The following translation of an " Extra," issued yesterday from the office of the Liberal, in Caraccas, contains all the official information which has transpired on the subject : MPORTANT MILITARY ENGAGEMENT OF LEZANIA. Communication of the Judge of the Court of Orituco to the Secretary of War of the Republic of Veaezuela:— Orituco, Nov. 8, 1844. Mr. Secretary,—l have been authorised by General Jose Maria Zamora, Commandant of Arms of the Pro vince, to communicate to you the interesting news of the quelling of the rebellion, headed by Colonel Celestino Centeno and Captain Jose Maria Alvarado. At Oruz, about two leagues distant from the town of Lezama, the valiant Zamora engaged the factionists to day, leaving dead on the field both Centeno and Alva. rado, and completely dispersing the whole body of their followers. I have been directed by the General to inform you that a detailed account of this successful engagement will be furnished as soon as a plan of following up the dispersed revolters can be arranged. I congratulate the nation on so complete a triumph obtained by the valour and intrepidity of its faithful soldiers.-1 am your obedient servant, (Signed) itAMON ALCANTARA. Communication of the Mayor to the Governor:— Orituco, Nov. 6, 1844, 11 o'clock, P.M. . , This day, at three o'clock, A.M., the Commander-in- General of the Forces of the Province, with 300 men, marched from this place to the town of Ornz, where the revolters held their encampment, and at one P.M. they were completely routed, and the principal leaders, Col. Cele:tino Centeno and Capt. Jose Maria Alvarado, were killed. Many of the insurgents were wounded, and among them was found the infamous Puerta. Of our party there ware four or five slightly wounded, one danger ously, and one killed. To the courage of our General, and the bravery and intrepidity of all the officers and men, is to be attributed the fortunate success of the engagement; and I have the honour to congratulate the Government of the province and that of the nation, on so happy a result. The details of this encounter will be given as soon as the authorities may be put in possession of the necessary information.—l am, &c. (Signed) JOSE ANTOIO PERALTA. The promptness and efficiency with which the Government has acted on this occasion, indicate a de- COURT CIRCULAR - --- WINDSOR ' TUESDAY.—The Queen and Prince Albert took equestrian exercise in the riding school last evening for some time, attended by the Equerries in Waiting. Neither the military nor the private band per formed at the Castle last evening. The Marchioness of Douro has relieved the Countess of Charlemont in the duties of the Lady in Waiting on the Queen. The Viscount Sydney has succeeded the Earl of Warwick as the Lord in Waiting on her Majesty; and Captain the Hon. Nelson Hood has succeeded Captain the Hon. Arthur Duncombe as the Groom in Waiting on her Majesty. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent visited her Majesty and Prince Albert this afternoon. The 'Countess of Jersey, Lady Clementina Villiers, and Sir Henry Wheatley, took their departure from the Castle to-day. The Earl of Jersey remains to attend her Majesty to the seat of the Duke of Buck ingham and Chandos to-morrow. The Queen and Prince Albert promenaded this afternoon in the pleasure-grounds for some time. THE HEREDITARY GRAND DUCHESS OF MECKLENBURG H STRELITZ. The French Ambassador, the A us t r i a n Ambas sador and the Countess Dietrichstein, the Danish Minister and the Countess Reventlow, and the Hano verian Minister, called on Monday e ven i ng a t Cam bridge House, to make inquiry after the health of her Royal Highness. Yesterday the following account was issued : " Cambridge House, January 14, 1845. Half-past Eleven o'clock, A.M. " Her Royal Highness the Hereditary Grand Duchess of Mecklenburgh Strelitz has passed an ex cellent night, and is going on perfectly well. (Signed) " CHARLES LOCOCK, M.D." The Queen sent yesterday morning to learn the state of her Royal Highness, and the Duchess of Kent sent from Frogmore House to inquir e a ft er h er illustrious relative. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester and the members of the Royal Family also sent in the forenoon. _ _ The Belgian Minister and Madame Van de Weyer, the American Minister, Mrs. and Miss Everett., the Bavarian Minister and B ironess de Cetto, Count Pollon, the Brazilian Minister and Madame de Lisboa, the Mexican Minister and Madame Murphy, the Russian Minister_ and Baroness Brunnow, Count de Jarnac, Baron Koller, Count Louis de Noailles, M. de Koudriatlsky, Count de Revel, Baron Gersdorff, and Count and Countess d'Harcourt, called yesterday to learn the state of the Grand Duchess. In the afternoon her Majesty again sent to inquire after her Royal Highness. The Duchess of Glou cester also inquired after the health of her royal niece ; and the Duke of Cambridge paid a visit to the Royal Duchess at Gloucester House. Inquiry was also made on the part of her Majesty the Queen Dowager. Among th• very ntunerous list of the nobility and LATE FROM MEXICO. The barque Eugenia, Captain Biscoe, arrived this morning from Vera Cruz, whence she sailed on the 12th inst. Mr. Cushing, late Commissioner to China, was a passenger. Captain Biscoe reports that most of the principal towns throughout the Republic, and a very large pro portion of the people, have joined the insurrection against Santa Anna, which has become a successful and bloodless revolution, no serious resistance being made in any quarter. Santa Anna was at Queretaro, with a small force of yet faithful adherents ; but most of the troops had gone over to the party of Paredes. The condition of the markets was very unpromis ing. The British frigates, Spartan and Inconstant, and two French brigs of war, were lying at Sacri ficios. Mr. Cushing sailed from Vera Crux on the 12th instant, and has h'td a fine passage of eighteen days. Mr. C. has brought but few newspapers, having had all his newspapers stolen while in Mexico, saving only his official documents, which he happened to have about his person. We have been favoured by Mr. Cushing with the subjoined notes, which he prepared while on his pas sage from Vera Cruz : The revolution of Mexico was rapidly approaching a decisive crisis, and the utmost confusion and dis order exist in all parts of the Republic. The great object of the revolution is to decide whether Santa Anna shall be precipitated from power, or whether, on the other hand, he shall be the perma nent Dictator and arbitrary master of the Government. In order to understand well the actual state of things, it is necessary, in the first place, to give a brief explanation of the previous state of things. At the head of the Government in 1811 was Gene ral Anastasio Bustamente, under the constitution which then regulated the Mexican Republic. In August, 1841, General Paredes, and the Department of Jalisco pronounced against the Government of Bustamente. A civil war of brief duration ensued, which was terminated on the 28th of September, 1841, by an arrangement, in virtue of which the pre-existing constitution was abolished, and General Santa Anna was invested with the powers of Dictator, for the purpose of re-organising the constitution and the Government. This temporary arrangement is known by the name of the Basis of Tacubaya and the Agreements of La Estanzuela. Under the auspices of Santa Anna, a Congress assembled in June, 1842, and proceeded to deliberate on a new constitution. Santa Anna himself retired to Manga de Clavo, leaving General Bravo as Presi dent ad interim; and the proceedings of Congress not being agreeable to Santa Anna, it was dissolved by General Bravo in December, 1842, and a National Junta, or Assembly of Notables, was convened in its place. On the 12th of June, 1843, a new constitution was completed and made public, by which (among other things) the supreme power was iodized in the hands of a President, to be elected for five years; of an elective body called the Council of Government, and of a Congress composed of a Senate and Chamber of Deputies; and Santa Anna himself was immediately elected Presid en t un d er th e new const i tu ti on . During this period the Republic had been dis tracted, not only by the civil war which displaced Bustamente and elevated Santa Anna to power, but also by the insurrection of Yucatan and the long civil war which ensued in that quarter—by an extensive rising of the Indians in the extreme South—by in cursions of the Indians in the North—by controver sies with foreign Powers—by the question of Texas —and, above all, by incompetency and corruption in all members of the Government. By the sixth of the Basis of Tucubaya it was provided that " the pro visional Executive shall answer for his acts before the first constitutional Congress;" and this was confirmed by the agreement of La Estanzuela. Nevertheless, by a deciee of Santa Anna, issued on the 3d of October, 1843 (b e f o r e assum i ng the office of constitutional President), it was declared that, as the power exercised by him under the Basis of Tacubaya was, by its very tenor, without limitation, the respon sibility referred to in the sixth of the said Basis was merely a responsibility of opinion ; that all the acts of his Dictatorship were of the same Vermanent force as if performed by a constitutional Government, and must be observed as such by the first constitutional Congress. The new Government was completed and installed in January, 1844, when the first Congress under the new Constitution assembled. Its early acts seem to have been in accordance with the views of Santa Anna, for it voted an extraordinary contribu tion of four millions with which to prosecute the war against Texas. But, on his requiring authority for a loan of ten millions, the Congress hesi tated to give its assent ; though it was notorious that but a small portion of the extraordi nary contribution had been realised, and that the Treasury, so far from being competent to supply the means for carrying on a war against Texas, was in fact incompetent for the ordinary daily neces sities of the Government. Meanwhile, as affitirs proceeded, a heavy opposition to Santa Anna began to manifest itself in Congress and throughout the Republic. Ile had been raised to power, though apLeirently with great unanimity, yet, as the event has shown, by a military revolution, rather than by the spontaneous general choice of the people ; for, on his expressing a wi,h to retire a short time to Manga de Clavo for the care of his private affairs (as he had done in the year 1842), in which case the new con stitution required that the Senate should make choice of a President ad interim, to officiate during his ab sence from the sear of Government, the Ministerial candidate, General Valentin Canalizo, prevailed by one vote only over his opponent, General Rinc , m. Such, then, was the position of things in October, 1844; Santa Anna being President proprietario ; Ca nalizo President interino, and the Congress assembled in special session, occupied with the foreign relations and the financial embarrassments of the Republic, when the revolution broke out in the large and power ful department of Jalisco. On the Ist of November, 1844, the Departmental Assembly of Jalisco adopted and published what is called an Initiative, being an Act provided for by the constitution, in virtue of which the Assembly submitted the proposition fol lowing 1. The National Congress will make effective the re sponsibility of the provisional Government, to which it was subjected by the 6th of the Basis of Tacubaya, which it swore to avid caused to be swore to by the nation. 2. The law of Aug. 21, 1844, imposing extraordinary contributions, is repealed. 3. The Congress will occupy itself by preference in reforming the articles of the constitution, which expe rience has demonstrated to be contrary to the prosperity of the departments. This act was adopted by all the authorities of the department, civil and military, and made known by public documents issued under the signatures of the civil governor Escovado, and of the commandant-ge neral Galindo, with his principal officers; and thus far it was in Mexico a constitutional and not a revo lutionary act—for in Mexico the military participate equally with the civil authorities in all political proceed ings. But though nominally a constitutional act it was in reality a revolutionary one, skilfully arranged and combined for the overthrow of Santa Anna. To this intent, General Mariano Paredes, who had com menced the revolution of 1841 in the same depart ment of Jalisco, and who had since that time acted with Santa Anna, was pitched upon to be the agent of his overthrow. The secret movers of the new revolution obtained for General Paredes the command of the department of Sonora, to reach which it is necessary to march through that of Jalisco. On the way to his government, Paredes stooped at Guadala jara, the capital of Jalisco, with the troops under his command, and th ere p ronounce d open l y an d di rect l y against Santa Anna, and assumed the functions of military chief of the revolution. The four depart ments of Zacatecas, Aguascalientes, Sinalva, and Sonora, concurred at once in the pronunciamento of Jalisco ; and thus the five north-western department ; were in arms at once against Santa Anna. Between these and Mexico, there in tervene the two departments of Quanajuato and Que retaro. Paredes advanced to Lagos, on the frontier of Jalisco, and there established his head -quarters, with an army of 1,400 men, to await the progress of events. In the contiguous department of Guanajuato was General Cortazar with 2,000 men, on whom Paredes depended for support ; but the rapid move ments of Santa Anna himself . prevented Cortazar from joining Paredes (if he had the intention) and com pelled him (for the present at least) . to declare for Santa Anna. For, instantly on hearing what had taken place in Guadalajara, Santa Anna, who was then at Mange da Clavo, in the department of Vera Cruz, and in whose neighbourhood was a . large body troops, professedly collected for an expedition against LITERATURE. A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON DISEASES OF THE EYE. By William Jeoffreson, late Sur geon to the Bombay Eye Infirmary, in the lion. _Ewa India Company's Service. London, Renshaw, 1844. Mr. Jeaffreson, the author of this work, possesses advantages for the study of the diseases of which it treats which fall to the lot of few practitioners, and fortunately for the interests of science and humanity, he was by his previous studies and acquirements enabled to make the most of those advantages. He was a pupil of the late John Abernethy, the most accomplished British surgeon of the present century, to whose merits he pays the following well-deserved tribute of respect : " It was the author's good fortune to be educated under the justly celebrated and talented surgeon Mr. Abernethy—a man who was ever more anxious to point out great and important analogies in nature, than to fritter away truth by fine-spun differences and dicine- Lions; a man who was foreitiost in vindicating the great general principles of surgery, and in showing the coo nexion of so-called local diseases with constitutional states, and their successful treatment by means directed through the system as a whole. The sound doctrines taught by this great surgeon, imparted as they were in language whose eloquence was its simplicity, and further impressed upon the minds of his pupils with the affee donate earnestness rather of a parent than a master, could not fail to make lasting impressions on the minds all, and in the calling of life into which after circum 4ances led me, I cannot express too strongly my grati tude to a friend and teacher, from whose precepts I early learnt to look upon all affections of the eye in oonne/cion with their constitutional origin and treatment." In 1822 Mr. Jeaffreson was nominated by the Di rectors of the East India Company superintendent oculist at Bombay, and was instructed to establish a hospital there devoted solely to eye diseases. Patients trom the most remote parts of India and Persia flocked to Bombay to be treated by Mr. Jeaffreson for diseases of the eye; and from the month of January, 1824, to that of October, 1834, he attended no less than 53,391 cases, and in 36,564 of these cases the patients regained perfect sight. The results of this extensive practice are recorded in the volume before us, which must, we feel convinced, become the text-book on the subject on which it treats. Among the many improvements introduced by the author, we would particularly call attention to his new operation for the removal of cataract, an operation of a nature almost painless, and totally unattended with danger either to the eye or the life of the patient. On his way back to England he visited Egypt, and the fol lowing observations on the manner in which not only ophthalmia, but plague, may be propagated by the oonsmon fly in that country, are well worthy the at tention of travellers : " The habit of the Egyptians is to crowd themselves much together ; their mode of living is very poor ; they spend a considerable portion of time in the bazaars and other public places, where the profusion of flies, at all times sufficiently great, is aggravated by the exposure of dates, raisins, figs, and other sweets, by which they are attracted ; it is to these flies, catrying the purulent se cretion from one eye to the other, that I believe the ex tension of the disease is frequently due ; and I would strongly urge all persons in their travels through Egypt. to be provided with veils for the purpose of keeping off these insects ; gauze, or dark-coloured spectacles, may protect the eyes against the glare of the sun, or partially even against dust, but they do not prevent flies from settling on the lids. My belief is that plague itself is thus frequently propagated." The author concludes by giving general directions for the preservation of the eyes, for which purpose he strongly recommends cold bathing - , The following observations on the Soorma, used by the females of India to heighten their personal charms, ,are curious. Soorma may perhaps ere long become an Article of the toilette in European as well as in Indian boudoirs " In conclusion, I shall take the liberty of adverting to a curious custom which prevails amongst the females of India, who are in the habit of using a black powder called Soorma, which they do not put into their eyes, but paint with great delicacy on the roots of both the upper and lower lashes. This, besides contributing much to their personal appearance, by increasing that softness off the eye, so pecuiliar a feature of Eastern beauty, they conceive affords them some protection against cataract, a disease too prevalent amongst them. It certainly has the effect of keeping the eyes cool, and probably, by absorb ing some of the superfluous rays of light by which they are dazzled and annoyed, may afford some protection as well as comfort. Much on the same principle, that is, by diminishing the access of a glare of light to the eyes, are common eye-shades useful; which, whether worn in the shape of a green shade over the eyes, or over the candle or lamp itself, are very valuable means of saving these important organs. Such practice, however bene ficial in health during great exertion of the eyes, as pre ventive of disease, must not be confounded with the use of shades, and still more so of bandages, in many forms of chronic disease, when a moderate exposure of the eyes to light, and a free access to them of pure air, are highly beneficial by acting as mild stimulants, and if the term may be allowed, as local tonics." FOREIGN LIBRARY. Chapman and Hall, London, 1845. The present Number of this comprehensive Mis cellany forms the Seventh Part of Schlosser's His tory of the Eighteenth Century, which has been translated by a gentleman named Davidson, under the immediate superintendence of the author. A considerable portion of the Part is devoted to details of the famous Seven Years' War, in which Frederick of Prussia acquired such general renown, and in the course of their details the historian furnishes us with brief but graphic portraits of Louis the Fifteenth and his shameless mistress, Madame de Pompadour, who ruled France more absolutely even than the King. A CLERGYMAN COMMITTED FOR. TWO MONTHS. Yesterday the Reverend Joba Dean, who described himself as a clergyman of the Established Church, ap peared at Clerkenwell, pursuant to his bail, charged with being drunk and riotous, and also with having vio lently assaulted police-constables 95 and 163 G, and Jane Dean, his wife, waa charged with being drunk and riotous. . . Constable 95 G stated that at a quarter to one o'clock on Sunday morning he heard a great noise in Goswell street, which proceeded from the prisoners. He told them to desist, when the male prisoner told him to go to h-1, and said they would make as much noise as they pleased. They were both drunk. They continued their noise, and on again requesting them to be quiet, the male prisoner said the police were a gang of thieves, and might go to h-1. He was about to take them into cus tody, when the Rev. Gentleman struck him two ♦iolent blows on the head with his stick, and it required several policemen to take him, when he behaved in a most vio lent manner. At the station-house he sprang on wit ness, seized him by the throat, and said be would de for him. There were two gentlemen with prisoners when ho first saw 'them, who were very noisy, but they escaped. They were not singing songs or psalms. Constable 103 was assaulted by the male prisoner. A large mob was attracted by the noise. Mrs. Dean said she would do as she pleesed. He confirmed the evidence of 95 G. 220 N and 205 G confirmed the evidence. Mrs. Dean attempted to rescue the male prisoner, and begged of them not to break her husband's leg. The lawyer's clerk said it was unfortunate that the two gentlemen who were with his clients were not present, and that the police had acted with great and unneces sary violence on the occasion. He would leave the Rev. Gentleman to make his own statement. The Rev. Gentleman said himself and wife had b e en spending the evening with some friends, who were play ing on a key organ, and on returning towards home they were talking about the music and humming a tune, when the officer, 103, told them to hold their " din." and he shook prisoner violently on coming up to him a second time. lie denied the assaults, or having act , .d in the' wsy attributed by the policeman. His wife fainted away twice on the road to the station-house. She was not drunk, she only had one glass of liquor during the day, and he had only taken two glasses of ale and two glasses of brandy and water. Mr. CONDE said, if he were a clergyman he was now in a most degraded position, and he hoped, for the sake of the clergy generally, but more espeelaly for himself, that his de,criptiun of himself was fictitious.. If the police had acted as he imputed , th e y were nut fit to hold their situations any longer. lie knew them to be proper officers, and thought they had done their duty. The only question for him was, whether he should commit him to the House of Corn cti,,n, or fine him 51. Inspector Barton, G, said the prisoners were only living at a coffee and beer-shop, and had no luggage or boxes there. Mr. COMBE said it was impossible, in his opinion, that he could be a clergyman, living at such a place, and be having nt e y ed i n n t g b. m white lne dthiheser cphean ra geyd a lo s rl hads. ): rant:dr months' I,e a nt n ,tt h d tsh, heiemdocooruni Court crying, was locked up. THE WEATHER.-'---The atmosphere WAS so ex tremely thick yesterday on the river, and at the docks and wharfs on either side, and it was so excessively dark during nearly the whole of the business portion of the day, that all business was completely suspended, it being found impossible to distinguish either the marks anti numbers or the contents of the packages which were being landed and housed, or examined for delivery. It necessarily caused immense inconvenience to trade, and particularly during the present time, when, from the long prevalence of easterly winds, and the sudden influx of shipping into the whole of the departments in the port, great difficulty is found in providing officers to meet the emergency without the hindrance caused by the dark and unfavourable state of the weather. The gloominess afforded rare opportunity to smugglers and other ill-disposed persons to carry their operations into effect, and it is much feared that we shall hear of nume rous robberies having been successfully accomplished in consequence. FATAL SHIPWRECK.—Letters received in town inform us of the total loss, in Carnarvon Bay, of the ship William Turner, commanded by Captain Evans, with all hands on board. The melancholy catastrophe occurred either during the night of the 10th or early on the morning of the 11th inst. The wind was blowing strongly from the south-west at the time. The William Turner was 488 tons burden per register , and was .lad with guano at the port of Ichaboe for Liverpool.t • Por tionstheioefci6 w z ir t et , and manifest wer e fou nd on the .....Lrf pod