The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-05 00:00:00

--------- --- - that unanimity of feeling pervaded all around. — (Cheers.) The time of evening was come when length ened orations would not be appropriate ; and it was diffi cult to enter upon that large question of general educationand the diffusion of knowledge without dwel ling longer upon their attention than he was entitled to do, and rendering himself liable to the charge of re peating what had been already better said than he could say it by speakers that had preceded him. There was one point, however, upon which he would touch, viz., the effect which the public taste for literature had upon authors. The author now rested, not upon the patron age of the great, but on the solid rock of public opinion. It was now no longer necessary to court the great by servile dedications, as in the clays of Dryden —literary works were launched upon the world depending on nought but their own merits. They were addressed to that best of tribunals—public opinion ; whose permanent approval would only fall on those works which deserved to be enduring.—(Cheers.) The Athenaeum, whose interest they were met to support, was an institution eminently ca lculated to diffuse a taste liar literature and science amongst its members. Its in fluence must 'be beneficial.—(Cheers.) Many of their educational institutions had not succeeded to the extent which could be wished.—(Hear.) Some did not much serve the class fur whom they were intended, though otherwise beneficial—as the mechanics' institutes—to which few mechanics belonged.—(Hear.) Others had allowed themselves to be diverted from the object for which they were established. The Manchester Athe naeum was secure from most of the dangers which had visited many kindred institutions.—(Hear.) It had sprung from the spontaneous exertions of its first sup porters. It leaned not on the frail reed of patronage — (Cheers) —but on the independent spirit, the energies of its own members.—(Cheers.) That was the solid foun dation which would render its structure permanent. The constitution of the Athenaeum, to use the words of the excellent report which had been read, was demo cratiC.—(Hear.) The members had the government of the society to which they belonged—the library was open to works of varied kinds, science and literature, the gravest and the lightest. Some other institutions were managed by strangers ; their libraries were restricted to particular works to suit the taste or caprice of persons in authority ; the subscribers had not the free choice of the books they might desire to peruse. All these re strictions were adverse to the full benefit wltich society would derive from better and more liberal organiza tions. How many of our charitable endowments bad been permitted to be misapplied—(Loud cheers)—and classes had the benefit of endowments they were never intended to enjoy.—(Cheers.) It was, however, a happy reflection that the prejudice against education and the diffusion of knowledge amongst the humblest classes was passing away. If we search the records of the past What strange jealousies have existed upon the subject of the spread of learning t those jealousies have found place in minds of the most exalted as well as the most humble. —(Hear, hear.) We find men of high degree despising knowledge, because it might be accessible to all—(Hear, hear)—und the humble. from some indefinable dread re jecting the teaching of the schoolmaster. Shakspeare well describsd these feelings when he makes Jack Cade A laugh)—say to Lord Say, " Thou hest most trai torously corrupted the youth of the realm in creating a grammar-school ;—(Laughter)—and, whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the score and the tally; thou has caused printing to be used ; and, contrary to the King, his crown, and dignity, thou hest built a paper-mill."—(Laughter.) Those days have pissed vatvey.—(Clieers.) - The men of all political and religious tee-aria now argued the refining influence of intellectual pursuits, and With education we shall become a Letter tied a-happier people.—(Cheers.) He cordially wished prosperity to the Manchester Athenaeum. Might similar institutions spring up over the length and breadth of the land, extending their benefits to the remotest districts. ffset us hope that. with the progress of education there will lbe aroused a desire to acquire knowledge amongst all et asses, and that the humblest artisan and the rudest pee 'ant may be brought under the humanizin inuence of iteetual and moral culture. Then will theft acred less e n e . tumour all man" be a living reality—(Hear) — and E n eie n „ l will become as remarkable . for the mut . ual and social happiness pervading rsspect,'tsentle exalted to the lowly, as she is now her fisinllies,'6:ini uring skill and commercial en eminent fer that manuts' It ``erin the elevated position terriao which' has placed . which she now' holds amongst the nations of the earth. M. D'leriaeLt then rose and said—My Hon. Friend who last addr'essed you has dilates: very justly upon the a dv a ntageous position which modern authors occupy in c ontradistinct:on to those who flourisheu a century back. We ere honoured to - night by th e p resence or ths, youngest and not the least successful of the authors of the new generation.—(Cheers.) He is the last literary knight that, has entered into the tilt. lam sufficierely src quai4ted with his opinions to know that he prefers wevy much the modern practice to the old one. lie has alrnest this reotnent arrived among us, and quit ted the Continent for the pleasure of making your acquaintance. I have now the pleasure of introducing to you Mr. Sancrite, M.P.. who said—lt is with no ordinary sliffidenee that I venture to address you upon this occa sion. It would be at all times a difficult matter to speak to an assembly thus attended by distinguished men, thus presided over by genius, and thus superintended by beauty.—(Cheets.) But lam less unnerved by the ex ternal splendour of this fair pageant than by the thought, the idea, the elevated, l principle of which it is the .ex pri•ssion. You represent a great necessity. It seems to me that you, the men of Manchester, have determined to do honour to literature, in a land where literature has too long been neglected. It seems to me that with a spirit worthy of a younger and freer age, you have resolved to- proffer to the author and the man of letters a reward of a simpler and less sordid character than the pay- of this newspaper or the hire of that review. Or with yet more profound and far-sighted intentions •ou may have resolved to redress the anomalies of a 'country, which is governed by its journals, but where the names of its journalists are never mentioned ; of a country where by the most unhappy of conversions it la- the inventions which make the fortune, and it is the - inventors who starve.—(Great cheering.) Of a country where, if a man of science aspires to its highest honours—the sufrcages of his fellow-citizens—that man of science will poll by units, where the mere politician pulls by hundreds.—(Cheers.) And it seems especially meet; and right, and fitting, that you, the men of Man chester, should correct these evils, because there is an old,. un intimate, and natural alliance between literature unttcornmerce.—(Cheers.) It is in virtue ,of this alli ance that you cannot but regard with sympathy the ho mage which you see done by foreigners to letters. Why, the eery Ambassadors whom they send to this Court are so many reproaches to our neglect of them. IVho is the Ambassador from Russia ? A man who has risen by his pen. Who from Sweden ? The historian of Bri tish India.—(Cheers.) Who from Prussia ? A pro fessor. Who from Belgium ? A man who has risen by literature. Who from France ? An author and an his torian.—(Cheers.) Who from America ? An anther and professor.—(Cheers.) But it requires no extraor dinary spell of divination to prophecy to the literature which shall derive its impulse from such a meeting as the. present—which shall result from such incentives — which shall be fostered an encouraged by such sympathy as yours, a destiny, yet more lasting and auspicious, be cause as it will not be patronised by monarchs, nor fashioned by nobles, nor confined by prejudice, so it will be free, independent, universal, and tolerant commerce. —(Loud cheers.) It is, therefore, only natural, that with this idea of this meeting, I should feel a diffidence, . and, when I find myself, tie it were, face to face'with a great thought, which carries we down among future generations into the very pre sence of immortality, that with that there mingles something et astonishment. My feelings, to compare small things to great, are those which David litinie describes in his remarkable letter to Gibbon, on reading his history :--`• Forgive me," he says, " if I have read -our work with as much surprise as admiration; because it has appeared,to ine.that, while we in Scotland have done great things for literature, you in England have surrendered yourselves to absurd and barbarous factions." —(Cheers.) This meeting is an earnest and a guarantee that these absurdities shall cease, and these barbarities have an end.—(Loud cheers.) But here, even in this pleasaet hour of convivial intercourse, when men of till parties and all shades of opinion are met to interchange the amenities, and courtesies, and fair civilities of life , it is impossible nut to remember how mazy and how illus trious have been the victims of these absurdities, these barbarities,—or, what is worse, these vulgarities of ,our party,warfare. Remember the fate of our last great man. Reenember how he was proscribed as an adventurer, becahse he was born to no hereditary fortune; and then, when the gentle judging and the generous— wljen men with large thoughts and fine feelings—when the few rallied round him against the many—he was again branded and proscribed, because they were a few, as a eaballer and intriguer. Remember hcw in high life his views were thwarted, his spirit cowed, his heart broken—how he pasted to his grave — and then you . will understand ho'w, through calumny avid misconstruction—through such men's envy, and the insults of men yet smaller—lie must often have Fined for somosuch neutral gro un d as thi s , t o w hi c h hi s harassed spirit might have flown away, and been at rest. .A.nd how, in the prospect of a happier h our , o f advanc ing toleration, such , as this meeting affords—even with such eloquence as we have heard to-day—there are few among ussnow that fifteen years have passed over his grave, who will hesitate to exclaim with me—" Oh, for -one hour of George Canning I"—(Loud cheers.) But 'even among thoiceetho hear me there may be some who think that I am stating. results too grave and too im remit to this meeting in thus speaking of advancing t, aleration ; there may be some who argue it a mere ennu. stenication,.and nothing more. Such I think no ou r his. opinuan ; because it is impossible to study for ho g last half-century, and not perceive our history' has always been foremost in the great that Munches._ 41 " work of national ', A dvancement. It is not because you did as much,perhaP;;As all our subsidies, or all our arms, in our long war with '..apoleon—it is not because, since the peace, you have dose far more than all our Mi nisters to promote the common wealth—but it scents to me that you who have carried your national tri umphs to the remotest corners of the earth, have yet remembered that there - w as another world to conquer. Nor will your triumph+ in She spiritual world be less remarkable. Becauee, dust same creative power which sin the , world of action' is called inventioti, end minis ters to than, this sishe:ereative power in the world of genius; -thought is called geus; and governs and provides for man. But in either sphere, whether of thought or action, it is your high .a nd holy mission to benefit mankind.— (Cheers.) eFhere is nothing small, nothing selfish, ?not hi n g partial,nothing exclusive in the temper of British comm er&.—(Ch!ers.) . It was out of a s pi r it as Catholic that the humanit i es fi rst sprang. It will be out of a temper no less' , siatholic that here, in the metropolis you I will of English enterprise'', great hingewill again be done,— (Ch (Cheers.) Been . at VW „risk ot ; fatiguing ittistrate my meaning. There is a city which is the common birth-place of free commerce and free litera ture, It was at Mayence, .An a time of darkness and op- reifirti -114: titian pression, that a simple citizen arose—strong in the might of justice, strong in the despair of the many, strong in the very wickedness of the Jew—to con :I-oils the knightly highwaymen who exacted toll upon every article that passed through their domains. That simple citizen was seconded by an enlightened sovereign— pledged to just principles of trade. That simple citizen and that enlightened sovereign prevailed. They laid the foundations of free commerce—l use the word in no party sense—the foundation of the Rhenish and the Hanseatic leagues ; and the ruins of those mighty fortresses upon the borders of the Rhine, still inform the traveller what is the fate of the unjust.—(Cheers.) But what followed? Out of the spirit thus awakened—out of the light thus kindled—out of free commerce have sprung free letters.—(Cheers.) In the same Mayence Guttenberg discovered printing.—(Cheers.) Thus the destruction of monopolies in trade proved the destruction of monopolies in knowledge.--(Cheers.) Here, then, in a country ruled over by au enlightened Sovereign, not less alive, let us hope, than his Lordship of Hapsburg, to the misery of her poorer subjects—here, with merchant princes around—here, animated by an inspiration not less magnificent than was Walpolden—there shall be for Manchester the renown which was of old for Mayence. Because your ships and vessels are laden not alone with bales of cloths and cottons, but with goods which have neither a declared nor an official value, you carry with you truths from this free island which tend to elevate the character of man. You carry with you principles which tend to unite all nations in one fair confraternity of reciprocal assistance.—(Cheers.) And when, out of a spirit thus Catholic, out of a power thus universal, that old world shall have received another of those moral shocks which, like printing and steam, threw it onwards on its career ; when it shall be one stage nearer its goal ; when civilizittion shall be one hour from its me ridian, it will be remembered that this meeting had its share in the work of progress.—(Cheers.) For here, too, at this very moment, we are publishing the banns for a marriage which represents the primeval alliance between the matter and the spirit. For this too is a bridal between matter and spirit ; between the industry which has overspread the earth, as the waters cover the seas, and that intellect which is young, and which, by God's blessing, shall remain pure.—(Loud cheers.) The CHAIRMAN next proposed the health of Mr. Row land Hill, the author of the penny postal e °, which was drunk with cheers, and responded to by that gentleman, who proposed the health of the President of the Athe naeum, Mr. Atherton, and the two secretaries, Messrs. Berlyn and Watkin, who had done so much to promote the interests of the institution. Mr. TORRENS M'CirLieocu seconded tho motion, in doing so he congratulated the meeting upon the fact, that instead of complimenting the late Dr. Dalton by el ecting a monument to his memory, they were going to expend the money in founding a professorship in that science of which that great man was so distinguished an ornament. The resolution having been unanimously carried, Mr. WATKINS returned tnanks, and moved that Mr. Atherton, President of the Athonmum, take the chair. Mr. Atherton, having taken the chair, The Mayor of MANCHESTER (Mr. Alexander Kay) rose to propose a vote of thanks to Mr. Disraeli. He knew not, he said, in what terms to express his thanks to that distinguished gentleman. He could only entreat of the meeting that they would, by their loud acclaim, satisfy him that they, at least, offered their thanks with the utmost sincerity. however much their mouthpiece had failed in giving expression to their feelings. lie hoped that in some of the works which would doubtless' proceed from their gifted chairman, he woeld, in some of his philosophical discussions,bring out this remarkable cir cumstance—that, at this era, large assemblages of peo ple could be collected together for literary objects, when, if mere singing and dancing were presented as the prin cipal attraction, they would hardly have seen as many hundreds.—(Hear, hear.) He was the more induced to allude to this point when he referred to Mr. Disraeli's works in 1834, in which he laid it down that " the Phi losopliical Society of Manchester was in a state of ambi guous existence." If this could be said of the Manches ter Philosophical Society in 1834, when Dr. Dalton was its president, it was a peculiarly fortunate circumstance that Mr. Disraeli was present that he might ascertain the effects which had since been produced, and which might hereafter he expected. He begged to propose that the marked and most cordial thanks of the meeting be given to Mr. Disraeli for his kindness in taking the chair, and he would take the liberty of adding, for the able manner in which he had discharged the duties devolving upon him.—(O reat cheers.) Mr. JAMES Heewoon seconded the motion. He con sidered that thanks were due to Mr. Disraeli from the whole community of Manchester, "to whom ho had given such valuable information that evening.' He reminded the meeting that in the pages of "Coningsby" Mr. Disraeli had represented the manufacturer as a person to be honoured and respected, and he contended that that gentleman had raised himself on the mystic ladder ti) which he had himself alluded, and placed himself shove the ordinary race of men.—(Lend cheers.) The vote of thanks was carried by acclamation, Mr. Cobden acting as fugleman, and the entire meeting rising and giving nine enthusiastic rounds of applause. Mr. ATHERTON, in acquainting Mr. Disraeli with the nature of the compliment just paid him, said that that gentleman had the thanks of the whole body of directors and subscribers to the Athenaeum for his kindness in presiding, and his ability in discharging his onerous duties, and that the kind suggestions and recommends tiona of the various speakers would receive the most careful eunsi - deration of the committee. Mr. D'lsa.ecer rose amid loud cheers to reply. He said ho had to offee them his thanks for the distinguished manner in which they had paid him this high compli ment. It was, in his opinion, the greatest distinction that man could receive when he received the approbation of a refined community of his fellow-citizens. He aspired to no more. He desired no more. He thought if he had attained that result, he had attained a great prize. And, far from believing that he was entitled to it, all that he would say was, that he was determined to en deavour to deserve it.—(Cheers.) He remembered with the deepest interest the casual circumstances under which they first made each other's acquaintance. He was deeply sensible of the honour which they had done him in requesting that he would preside over their meeting that evening ; and in offering him their thanks for the manner in which he had ful filled the duties of that office, they had conferred upon him an honour and an obligation that, when he returned to his home, he should cherish—which, in public life, he should often recur to for animation and support—which he never should forget—and which, he trusted, might him to conduct that would never forfeit their rega their respect.—(Great cheering.) Mr. COBDEN then 'rose and said, that they were honoured on that occasion with the presence of their worthy Chairman's lady, and he thought, in the name of the ladies present, he might call upon the gentlemen to rise and give three cheers for Mrs. Disraeli. The call was enthusiastically responded to, Mrs. Disraeli rising and repeatedly acknowledging the com pliment. Mr. DISRAELI said he was very sorry indeed to tres pass upon the meeting again. Ho thought a year at least might transpire before he should have had that honour. But Mrs. Disraeli, who was extremely grati fied with the distinguished honour, desired him to say, that there was only one circumstance could gratify her more, and that was, that they should clear the room as soon as possible, and commence dancing.—(Laughter.) The room was accordingly cleared, and dancing was continued until a late hour. THE FUNDS-(CLOSING PRICES.) BRITISH FUNDS. Beak Stock — Indian Stock 3 per Cent. Red — Ditto Bonds 3 per. Cent. Cons 336 per Cent. Red — Ditto New Annuities ... New 3% per Cent lO3 I Ex. Bills, 1,0 0 0/. I %d ... Inn New 5 per Cont. — ' Ditto 5001. Long Annuities to expire Ditto Small 76 pm. -Jan 1560 Bank Stock for Acct.... 210}6 Oct. 1859 Consols for Act. Jan. 1500 ...... ........ India Stock for Acct — FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian, 5 per Cent — 'Portuguese, 5 per Cent ..... _— Belgian, 5 per Cent ....... Brazilian Bonds ...... ......... 87 Prussian, 5 per Cent — Buenos Ayres, 6 per Cent,. !Russian, 5 per Cent — Chllian, 6 per Cent — Ditto, Metallic ..... .. ..... ...... Colombian, 6 per Cent Ditto, 1824 — Ditto, 9 per Cent 35 Cuba Bonds, 6 per Cent Danish, 3 per Cent — French, 5 per Cent.... —t. —c. Greek, 18-5, 5 per Cent...— — Exchange ...... ...... ..... —f. —c. Mexican, 5 per Cent Ditto, 4 per Cent., 1837 'Dutch, 2% per Cent.... 62 Peruvian, 1825, 6 per Cent — Ditto, 5 per Cent ......... 1,834, - pm. SHARES. Birmingham and Gloucester (100 paid) lO7 Bristol and Exeter (70 paid)... .. 76% Bristol and Gloucester, 30 paid Caledonian, 5 paid Chester and Holyhead ( 5 paid) Dublin and Belfast Junction, 236 paid 4% Dublin and Cashel, 5 paid Eastern Counties (23 paid) Ditto Perpetual, 5 per Cent.,lll3s4d. paid,Ne. 1 NI A Ditto ditto, paid, No. 2 Great North of England, 10 0 paid Great Western (75 paid) Ditto Half Shares, 50 paid 87% Kendal and Windermere, 136 paid 3 14 Lancaster and Carlisle, 5 paid 9% London and Blackwall (161. 13s. 4d.) % 47 Lonion and Brighton (50 paid) London and York, 2% paid 3% Lynn and Ely, I 3( paid 110 Midland Counties (100 paid) Midland, Birmingham. and Derby, .£lol)paid St Newcastle and Darlingron Junction, 21 paid. 47 North British, 5 paid ~. 5% 57 Northern and Eastern (45 paid) South Devon, 5 paid South Eastern and Dover pa 2s 4d paid) Ditto New Shares, 4 paid York and North Midland (50 paid) 105% York and Scarborough Branch ( 10 paid) York and Selby Scrip. paid : 9 Central of France, 2 paid ..... :4, Boulogne and Amiens, 2 paid - 3% Paris and Lyons, 2 paid '3 ?aria and Orleans (20 paid) ... Paris and Rouen. 20 paid ......... ..„....—. ......... .... 36 SPIXIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAT. GLOBE.—The Vice-Chancellors of Oxford and Cambridge are taken from the Heads of Colleges in certain orders of rotation established by common consent and for convenience. If a new Vice-Chan cellor is to be appointed every year, as in Cambridge, or every fourth year, as is the practice at Oxford, the advantages of such a system and rotation are obviously great. The rule, of course, is not ab solutely binding, and occasions may arise where it ought to be departed from. An academical Alderman Wood or Gibbs would be passed over without at all impairing the force of the rule. But there is an end of the rule altogether if politics or doctrinal controversies are made grounds for depart ing from - it. Some years since, Dr. Lamb, the learned and excellent Master of orpus Christi Col lege, Cambridge, was passed over, when it came to be his turn to be nominated for the Vice-Chancellor • ship, fer no other reason than that he was a zealous Liberal politician. The late Government marked, their sense of Dr. Lamb's merit, and of the injustice with which the bigot Heads at Cam bridge had treated him, by appointing him to the Deanery of Bristol. Will Sir Robert Peel have the courage to give any similar slap in the face to the rampant Oxford faction which is opposing Dr. Symons because he is en Evangelical (see the Times articles Passim), and will, therefore, probably keep Puseyism at bay, as Dr. Wynter has done ? Great pains are taken by the Puseyite agitators to convince the world that they are not opposing Dr. Symons because he is no Puseyite. But the difference between opposing him because he is no Puseyite, and opposing him because, being no Puseyite, he will pro bably db things, as Vice-Chancellor, distasteful to Puseyites, is a difference which none but a Puseyite can be' expected to appreciate. Dr. Wynter was an " Evangelical ;" and Dr. Wynter summoned the Board of heresy to judge Dr. Pusev's ser mon, and vetoed Mr. M'Mullen's Divinity de gree. Dr. Symons is another " Evangelical," and will probably do similar things • in similar circumstances. This is the logic of innu merable correspondents of the Times, honoured always with large type. Has Dr. Wynter done any thing unconstitutional ? The aforementioned large type-gentlemen say that he has. But it does not follow that another " Evangelical" Vice-Chancellor will be led by similar views of religion into similar violations of academical law. Similar religious views will of course lead him to similar opinions on Dr. Pusey's sermon and Mr. M'Mullen's thesis. But then, it is not on account of his religious opinions simply that the Posey faction are moving heaven and earth to de- feat the nomination of Dr. Symons on Tuesday next. Oh no! It is all very well now to disclaim re ligions considerations, and rest the opposition to Dr. Symons on the unconstitutional acts of his brother Evangelical predecessor. But did any constitu tional questions enter into the contest for the Poetry chair ? Those who made Puseyism the test for a Professor of Poetry, would not have the sense to prevent them from making it the test for . a Vice-Chancellor. But they have, it appears, the cunning to endeavour to conceal their mischievous. motives: What we principally care for in this and all' the other Puseyite demonstrations at Ox ford, is the evidence furnished of the theolo gical unity and peace which the University secures by the compulsory subscription to the Thirty- . nine Articles, and the additional notoriety given by each of these outbreaks to the fact of the existence of a large and Powerful body of Dissenting Conformists in a Uni versity which will not abate one jot of the Thirty nine Articles, to allow honest Non-Conformists a par ticipation in its advantages. Mr. Newman and Mr. Ward enjoy fellowships; but those whom Mr. New man's - and Mr. Ward's writings send unto the Church of Rome, have the door of the University closed upon them. We read, only in last week's Oxford Chronicle, of a beneficed clergyman who, having been convinced by Mr.. Ward's book, has given up his living, and gone into the Church of Rome. This man's son will be required to sign the Thirty-nine Articles before he can be admitted to receive educa tion at Oxford ; and if he follow the faith which his father has learned from Mr. Ward, Fellow of Baliol College, the test will exclude him from Oxford. Mr. Ward, meanwhile, continues a Fellow. And how, oh, good Sir Robert Inglis, does th's angrily-prosecuted quarrel about the Vice-Chancellorship—only one of many such quarrels—prove the efficacy of the Thirty nine Articles to keep Oxford frea from religious discord ? STANDARD. —One of our morning Contem poraries (many of our agricultural readers will be able to guess which) commences a long leading' article this day with the following paragraph : " Among the numberless proofs which every day supplies of the utter prostration of the agricultural interest may be noticed certain proceedings which distinguished the recent meeting of the Vale of Evesham Agricultural Society." Now, so much do the judgments of men vary upon the same representations of the very same facts, that we draw fro'm the proceedings at the Evesham meeting an inference precisely the opposite of that which would describe the agricultural in terest as in a state of " prostration." On the other hand, we see in these proceedings, to our sense, the clearest proof that the agriculturists are now, al most for the first time in our own history, or in the history' of. any other country, entering. upon the couree - liy.Which -they will do justice to themselves. In sai s irg.that this course is an untried one, we of course, admit that it is subject to serious difficulties at first, and opposed by many prejudices ; neverthe less, we are confident that in the judgment of reason able persons the principle will carry us to our conclu sion. When the Economists and Leaguers have been clamouring to deprive the agriculturists of that fair protection which is allowed by law to every other pursuit of industry, our answer has always been that agriculture is a trade and a manufacture as much as the fabrication of cotton, woollen cloth, . earthenware, or hardware ; a trade and manufaCtUre, however, subject to heavier burdens and more violent vicissitudes than any other, and therefore requiring, to maintain its existence, a higher degree of protection than any other trade or - manufacture. We have .never found the Economist or Leaguer who could answer this plain proposition, and therefore we hold it to be unanswerable. Now, if it be true, that agri culture is: a trade and manufacture in one sense, it is true in all senses—as true when we demand ':commercial intelligence, enterprise, and activity frOm the agriculturists, as when we claim protection on their behalf. It is a remarkable fact, however, that while great fortunes have been realised in other branches of industry, and powerful and dis tinguished families founded by successful traders in silk, cotton, earthenware, wood, iron, &c., the example of such successes on the part of agricultu rists are extremely rare, if any such examples are to be found. The seeming reasons for this are suffi ciently numerous and sufficiently obvious to satisfy surperficial , inquirers, but they will not bear a close examination, because they all rest on two fallacies ; first, the notion that the produce of the soil is not capable of an infinite augmentation ; secondly, - the opinion that the demand for agricul tural produce is, in like manner, limited. Resting upon these two fallacies, landlords have despaired of considerably augmenting their family estates by any Q9tlay of capital, and have, therefore, n eglected to save mob ,e v for the purpose, while farmers have been tut too -lie.pp.x. to hold their own, and labour from morning till- night for a bare. subsistence—both have cast anchor in the existing state of things. But ships at anchor bring home no cargoes; and agriculture has, in BRISTOL SUGAR MARKET, OCT. 4.—There has been an improved demand for West India sugars this week, the sales reaching 700 hogsheads West India, at about former prices. The cargo of Bengals, per Mary Imrie, has been brought to market, and about 1,200 bags have been disposed off, chiefly 603. for strong grained dry quality. No sales in Mauritius.—Bristul Mercury. THE COMMERCE of the AMERICAN LAKES. (From Simmonds's Colonial Magazine.) Since the remission of the duty on Canadian fiJur, combined with the known aptitude and fertility of our Canadian provinces, and their admirable adaptation to the growth of the finest wheat, the cessation of the ravages caused by the fly in the extensive fields for merly covered with that grain, in the eastern portions of Canada, and the construction of a ship canal round the rapids of the St. Lawrence, to facilitate its trans port to the ocean, the commerce of the lakes has be come an object of transcendent consequence and the greatest value. When the long chain of water com munication, intersecting countries of unbounded fer tility through the whole American continent, from the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of Labrador, is being traversed, without interruption, by every description of vessels—ships, brigs, schooners, steamers, steana propellers, barges, arid boats—it will be admitted that this branch of commercial enterprise is highly interesting and deserving every attention. Chris topher Colles was one of the first individuals who directed his attention to the inland navigation of the huge waters of the western world, which, at a very early period of American enterprise, naturally riveted the attention of the mariner, the merchant, the me chanic, and the farmer. Jesse Hawley wrote many valuable essays, demonstrating the practicability of connecting the lakes with the Hudson river, and, thus, with the Atlantic Ocean. De Witt Clinton, a Governor of the State of New York, was the first who put the plan into execution, amidst every de scription of opposition, ridicule, and reproach. The canal, named after the vast lake which it connected with the ocean, the Erie canal was termed Clinton's ditch. The natural valley of the St. Lawrence, like that ok f theor these Mississippi, world b s ei o n f g twhaeteprrso,pwears no t long ou tl e t and channel before it became the object of attraction, and , not withstanding the impediments to its successful explo ration, by the numerous waterfalls and rapi ds in its course, more especially that hugest and gran dest —one of the wonders of the world—the mammoth cataract of Niagara—the vast importance of vanquishing these obstacles of nature became every day more apparent, and ultimately eventuated in the construction of the two canals—the Erie canal from Buffalo, at the eastern extremity of Lake Erie, with the Hudson river, and the Welland canal, on the Canadian side of Lake Erie, comm en cing at Gravelly Bay on that lake, and enterin g Lake Ontario, at its western ex tremity at Port Robinson ,• these canals forming, to gether with the lakes and the river St. Lawrence, an inland water communication of upwards of 2,000 miles. The rapid increase in the value of property along the whole line of the Erie canal, particularly through the beautiful valley of the Mohawk, soon convinced the most sceptical of the forethought, wisdom, and prudence, of De Witt Clinton. The timber of the majestic forests skirting its banks, in stead of being burnt, as the preliminary step to culti vation, was soon borne on its bosoms to those markets on the Atlantic coast where it was in great demand, and of inestimable value. The hydraulic powers, fur nished by the various streams falling into the Mohawk river, were soon required for manufacturing purposes ; and the gloomy wilderness —the haunt of the savage, and the lair of the beast of prey—became the site of cities, towns, hamlets, homesteads, orchards, fields, gardens, and a large, and happy, and pros perous population. From Albany, on the Hudson river, to Buffalo on Lake Erie, a distance of 330 miles, the whole country is now one continued suc cession of farina, with numerous populous towns and villages intervening; and the Erie canal has been one of the most useful and lucrative public undertakings ever carried into execution. The great value of this gigantic water communication arises from the bound less fertility of the extensive country it traverses. Our present concern is with those portions pertaining to the British CroWn, and in immediate connexion with the river St. Lawrence. The lakes bounding that territory are lakes Superior, lluron, St. Clair, Erie, and Ontario. These majestic lakes were first navigated by the French; and the earli est descri p tion given of these vast wate was by one of the enter prising and pious missionaries who iiecompanied the spirited La Salle in his first interesting and perilous voyage. During the summer of 1679, a vessel was constructed on the shores of Lake Erie, called the Griffin, commanded by La Salle, having a crew of Frenchmen, and a humble Flemish recollect, La Pere . Hennepin, the spiritual director of these navigators, and the faithful Chronicler of their toils. These lakes never having been traversed before but by the frail Within the last week an occurrence which, as yet, would not properly come under the head of "fighting in telligence," for it was all on one side, came off at a pretty little town in this county, which is at present the country quarters of a company or detachment of the Regi ment, and which, as it has created rather a " sensation " in that neighbourhood, we give the particulars of, as we received them from a correspondent, on whose accuracy we can place perfect reliance. They are briefly these: — A short time since a gallant son of Mars, distin guished by a purely Milesian patronymic, was stationed with part of his regiment at a country town some thirty miles from our " beautiful city," and it appears had been paying marked attention to a young lady there for a considerable time, but had recently discontinued his visits, which, up to that period, had been unremitting. The regiment soon after left that town for another, not far distant, and the inconstant one having taken himself off suns cerernonie, considered, most probably, that the matter was at an end. Not so, however, with some of the young lady's friends, for on Tuesday last her bro ther, passing in the streets of a locality rendered famous in song and story, met the quondam suitor on horseback, and immediately formed the intention of, in the words of our informant, "horsewhipping him at the most conve nient opportunity." The desired "opportunity" soon presented itself in the hotel, when Mr. -- addressed the gallant sans collate, and without waiting for a reply, laid on with his whip, and " continued to belabour him," until he managed to make his way into an adjoining room. So the matter remains, says our informant, and no further steps have been taken in it by either party. — Cork Southern Reporter. CHATEIAM DOCK-YARD, OCT. 4.—Yesterday the following removals and promotious were received at the office of the Captain-Superintendent, Capt. William Henry Sherriff, from the Admiralty, commencing first with Mr. J. Fincham, master shipwright of this yard, who is appointed master shipwright of Portsmouth yard, vice Blake, superannuated ; Mr. W. Edge, master ship wright at Davenport, appointed master shipwright at Chatham, vice Fincham ; Mr. C. Willcox, master ship wright's assistant of this yard, is appointed to the same office in Deptford yard. and Mr. 0. Lang, junior acting master shipwright's assistant at Deptford, appointed master shipwright's assistant .at this yard. Mr. W. M. Rice, foreman of this yard, is appointed master ship .wright's assistant at Portsmouth, vice Sturdie, superan nuated. Mr. Babb, acting foreman of the yard at De vonport, is appointed foreman of this Dock-yard at Chatham, vice Rice, promoted. Mr. J. Wyatt, acting foreman of this yard, is appointed foreman, vice Reed, promoted to assistant foreman at Woolwich-yard, vice Abe thell, promoted to master shipwright. The Thunder, surveying vessel, Commander Barnett, is taken into dock again to complete making good her defects, and fitting for sea. The Duck has been re coppered, and defects made good, and was put out of dock on Tuesday, and sailed this day with stores for Woolwich and Dept ford yards. The grave is gathering home the last few remnants of the Rewulution! Colonel George Gill, of Chester district, S.C., breathed Ns last on Monday the Bth of July last, and was buried with the honours of war, at Fishing Creek Church. Many companies of infantry and cavalry turned out in full uniform, to partieipate.,in paying the last sad tribute of respect to the departed hero. Colonel Gill was enlisted in the public service by his cousin, Colonel Archy Gill, in the year 1799, being then about eighteen or nine te en years of age. — 'New - ;irk Tribune. M. Van de Weyer, the Belgian Minister, transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. THE SUN, LONDON', _SATURDAY EVEN'INO,_ OCTOBER 6, MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Current of Oct. 4.) consequence, been left far behind in the race to I barque of the red men of the immense fueests that wealth. What would have been the fate of other skirted their shores, they sounded as they went. branches of industry if they, 'too, had, fifty or Their first anchorage was contiguous to those beauti sixty years ago, dropped anchor in the status quo ? ful islands at the western end of Lake Erie, near the What . would be now the dimensions of Manchester, I entrance of the river Detroit, the scene of warfare Birmingham, and Leeds, if the manufacturers of between the British troops and the American brigands 1780 had said—We cannot employ more labour, for in 1837 and 1838. Many portions of Canada still we have no more to employ; we cannot hope to bear the names of these early pioneers, Tonti, Charle extend our markets, for we already find it sufficiently voix, Marguette, and others. The great Cardinal de difficult to dispose of our goods? The manufacturers Richelieu, whose chalice, vestments, and other per reasoned differently ; they saw that the demand for sonal effects, are still treasured up with great care in labour would produce labour—that the abundant supply Lower Canada, was the first statesman whose powerful of markets would augment and multiply markets, and mind was directed to the commercial importance of they have thriven- accordingly. Why, then, did not the lakes. lie devised a system for the collection and the agriculturists pursue thu same course? They were shipment of the furs obtained in the north- west as intelligent and industrious as the manufacturers regions for France, and established a line of forts of 1780, and could command much more capital. from Quebec, through the lakes, to the remotest The reason was the same that operates up to this regions of the west. At the Sault de Saint Marie, moment—they wanted, generally, the encourage- Green Bay, Michilimackinac, Detroit, Niagara, Fort 'nerd afforded by the examp le of success in Stan wix, and other places on the lakes, trading ports particular instances, the great stimulus in other were established by the early French merchants, who departments of industry ; and the want of such acted as agents for the French Government. Within examples is to be ascribed to one important pecu- the memory of the present generation, the annual liarity in agricultural pursuits. In every •other collection of voyageurs assembled at Montreal, in the pursuit the same man commands and applies early summer months, and departed amidst great the amount of capital necessary for ensuring ceremony and pomp, in their numerous canoes, success, also owns it, and reaps the profit of its on the Ottawa, to carry on the North employment, and thus capital is abundantly applied. American fur trade. In 1668, the Hudson's Bay In agriculture the landlord has, or can command. Company obtained a charter, and afterwards the capital, but has no urgent motive to employ it. north-west Company monopOlised the trade in furs The tenant, on the other hand, has every ima- After many conflicts with the Indians and the French, ginable motive to employ capital, but, he neither the English became possessed of the north-west re has it in sufficient quantity, nor can command gions, and during the whole progress of the American it; capital, accordingly, is not applied to the cul- Revolution, until the declaration of peace in 1795, tivation of the soil in anything approaching to its warfare continually interrupted the settlement of the proper amount, and the soil does not produce one- borders, and arrested the commerce of the lakes, The half of what, by a small additional outlay, it may western posts on the lakes were surrendered in 1796, be made to produce. But here it will be objected, but it was not until after the contest on the lakes, that a great augmentation of produce would ruin the (luring the war of 1812, that this important naviga farmer by exceeding the demand, and by, conse- tion may be said to have occupied any real attention. quently, reducing prices. This is a remnant of In reality it was not until the introduction of steam the old error of Lord Liverpool's day—the into these waters that their trade and commerce may error of over-production. It was not, however, he fairly said to have made much progress. Lake Su too much production that created the distress perior, the vastest and largest of these inland seas, in the five or six years after the close 1,116 miles in circumference, has yet but one steam of the war, but too little money in the boat on it ; but the boundless mineral wealth on its market to pay for it. If the farmer, however, pro- shores will, doubtless, soon give an impetus to the duce three quarters of wheat where before he pro- navigation to this great inland sea. From the rapid duced but two, is he a loser, though wheat decline settlements on the borders of Lake Michigan, and the 10 or 20 per cent. upon the quarter ? There is country beyond it, that lake has mans , steamers and nothing to be feared from the great increase of schooners constantly plying on it. lYith the excep production, if made gradually, as in the nature of tion of the steamers that are constantly passing things it must be made. Nay, agriculture may through Lake Huron from Buffalo, and the steam be, and probably will be, a more profitable propellers from Oswego, on Lake Ontario, to Chicago, trade lung after this country shall have become there is but one steam boat on Lake Huron. On a corn exporting country. And why should Lake Erie there are nearly 100 steamers of various it not become a corn exporting country ? Our sizes, many of great magnitude, conveying from soil and climate are not inferior to the average of toe 1,200 to 1,500 passengers at a time to the settlements corn exporting countries of the continent of Europe. on Lake Michigan. On Lake Ontario there are Our constitution and laws are better adapted to the nearly forty steamers, those on the Canadian side protection of every branch of industry than the carrying the mails between Kingston and Toronto, of constitution and laws of any other country. Our great size and power, and commanded by most expe people are the most industrious and skilful in rienced and excellent captains. Those who have once whatever pursuit they engage in ; and we have had the pleasure of making a passage with Captain infinitely more capital to give effect to their exer- Colclough, the obliging and able commander of the tions. If labour is dearer with us, its dearness is Princess Royal, will soon find an excuse to make a not found to affect other branches of industry ; and second. It is impossible that anything can surpass the there is no reason why we should not send a quarter attention and arrangements to be met with in these of wheat to the Continent with as fair la prospect of excellent vessels. There are numerous lighthouses on underselling rivals, as we can send a bale of cotton. the lakes, and every assistance has been afforded to To this we firmly believe it will come, if the their secure navigation. The practice of towing barges, Legislature continue to agriculture a fair protection, which had been generally and successfully carried on, and if only agriculturists, more particularly landlords on the Hudson river, was found impracticable on the (fur all depends on them) , will but follow the advice lakes, in consequence of the severe storms to which given to them at the Evesham meeting. This advice they were frequently subjected ; . but since the introduc may be shortly described as inc , orporsting the land- non of the screw propeller into schooners and large lord's capital with the tenants industry and skill vessels, the necessity has been obviated, and a vast —each receiving a due share of the return. deal of merchandise is now carried on by this mode. Let the landlord, in a word , make all important, The celerity, convenience, and safety with which expensive, and permanent improvements, and charge steamers may descend the rapids of the St. Lawrence, the tenant a moderate interest for the outlay. This has been found to be one of the most useful and suc plan has been adopted with complete success by cessful experiments made in that new application of the Duke of Wellington, by Lord Harrowby, steam power. During the month of June, in this Mr. Barneby, and many other landlords. The present season , C season, the fine schooner Adventure, the pro land is drained or other wise imp roved b y the perty of , the Toronto and St. Lawrence Steam Nevi landlord, who charges the tenant, in sei ne of the in- gation ompany, made the quickest direct run ever stances quoted at Evesham, five per cent., and this known between those large - and, populous cities. The five per cent. the tenant most cheerfully pays out of distance is 470 miles, and she went from Toronto a profit of 10, 15, or even 2Q per cent., which he to Montreal, laden with freight, in two days and a derives from the arrangement. The landlord can, quarter, demonstrating, to the entire satisfaction of however, obtain money upon his estates, in the Company, the admirable adaptation of this class of the present .state of the money market, at three vessels for the navigation of these waters. To extend per cent. or a little more, leaving him a profit the commerce of these seas, loans were advanced by of two per cent., or nearly two per cent. , up on the provincial . government, in 1841, to incorporated a — . transaction by which otherwise tie great l y companies engaged in the promotion of the trade of benefits his property. Such are the pros- the-lakes. In 1842, the gross amount of collections of pects . .of a branch of industry, which our dolo- customs' duties in Canada was 278,93 0 /. 7s. 3 d.; the roux Contemporary describes as in a prostrate state. nett amount collected at Quebec was 68,087/. ; at Nor are the most important class of all, the Montreal, 149,491/. ; at St. John's, 16,864/. ; at Bur agricultural labourers, unconcerned in the bright lington Bay, 7,263/. ; at Kingston, 6,510/. ; at To prospect. Whatever gives additional energy to farm,: ronto, 8,053/. ; other ports, smaller sums. The nett ing puts bread into the mouth of the labourer and revenue derived from customs, in 1842, exceeded that the labOurer's children. It was stated by Lord of 1841 by 50,947—the increase at Quebec and Mont- Sandon, at Evesham, that on two farms, where the real alone being upwards of 55,3261., and on the number of laboiirers had previously been no more Western Canada ports, 2,2301. The tolls on the La than nine, forty have been called into employment chine canal produced during the year 16,322/. by the new plan. SUGAR.—To-day the market for Colonial Sugar pre sented a firmer appearance; buyers of West India Sugur came forward more freely, and a large business was transacted in all descriptions at previous rates—indeed, in some cases, a small advance was paid. The quantity sold amounted to 850, making the total purchases fur the week 2,100 hhds and tree. The market closed with a firm appearance. REFINED.—There has been less activity in the market for Refined Sugar this week, but in the value little change has taken place. the supply being small, par-- cularly of low and middling descriptions ; there has, however, been a fair business transacted, and a large consumption is going on. To-day there was a better demand fur the low and middling descriptions •f Refined goods, and former rates wore fully supported. Bonded crushed Sugar is still much wanted. MAURITIUS.—There has been less demand this week, and the market haring been abundantly supplied with brown sorts, a decline in the ♦alue of Is to 2s per cwt has taken place ; yellow kinds are 6d per cwt cheaper. excepting fine, which has sustained the former currency, the quantity at market being small. This afternoon more inclination was shown to purchase, and some par cels were sold privately at full but not at better prices. EAST INDIA. —There has been a very large quantity of Bengal Sugar brought forward this week, and it has proved more than sufficient for the wants of the trade. White and strong yellow sorts have been less in request, but previous rates are supported ; inferior yellow and brown, of which the supply has chiefly consisted, have met 'with a dull sale at a decline on former prices of Is to is 6d per cwt. This afternoon there was a largo public sale of Manilla Sugar ; the whole sold at rather higher rates ; low damp dark brown went at 15s to 16s, washed 14s, mid sound grey 19s to 19s 6d, good 22s 6d, damp 18s 6d to 19s, washed 16s 6d to 18s 6d per. cwt. Bengal was in better demand, and 990 bags at public sale were all sold at full rates ; fine white fetched 65s good 61s 6d to 62s Gd, mid 60s Gd, low yellowish white 58s Gd to 59s Gd, damp and washed 57s 6d to 645, low date sound yellow 51s to 53s 6d, mid 54s to 56s 6d, damp and washed 50s to 55s per cwt._ FOREIGN.—Today all sorts of Foreign Sugar were much inquired after, but a further advance in price being asked tended to check business ; a cargo of white Bahia afloat per Hernam, containing 400 chests, were sold at 23s per cwt. AfoLAsszs.—For West India there has been !rather more demand this week, and previous rates are sup ported. Sales of Antigua made at 22s 6d to 24s per cwt. Importers are not so desirous to press sales, al though the stock is still a very large one. East India Molasses are still dull of sale, at 14s to 16s per ewt. SAGo.—Although there are sellers upon lower terms, and the stock is small, still the demand has been limited by private contract at 12s to 14s .fqr low to mid, 15s to 17s for good mid, 18s to 20s for- g ood, and 21s to 24s for fine. For Sago Flour prices krep high, but buyers are cautious in their proceedings, and 240 bags at auction only partly sold at 201 per cwt. Arrowroot is abundant, and prices consequently are kept low ; the supply ex ceeds the demand. COFFEE.—lmporters of West India have been anxious to realise this week, and the market has been largely supplied, indeed the quantity brought forward has been more than sufficient for the demand ; the home trade have purchased with reluctance, and a decline on former rates of Is have been accepted for middling, and 2s to 4s per cwt for the lower sorts, of which the supply has nearly all consisted. This afternoon Ceylon Coffee met with little attention, and 1,120 bags at public sale were only partly sold, at a decline of 2s per cwt; making the fall for the week 4s to ss. Ord mixed sold at 518, good ordinary 52. 6d to 53s 6d, real good ord 54s tO 54s Gd, tine ord 57s 6d, fine fine ordinary Plantation 69s 6d, triage 35. to 478, low 170 6d. Of Rio 116 bags 13 casks were offered, and a small part only sold at 52s for low middling, and 428 to 4G. per cwt for fine find ordinary. The market closed very flat for all sorts of Coffee, INDlGO.—Prices are supported for East India, but there has been little business transacted in any descrip tion this week. The quarterly sale will commence on Tuesday ; the quantity declared is 12,961 chests ; Spanish is not much wanted, but in the value no varia tion has taken place. SPICES.—This afternoon black Pepper met with little attention, and 1,000 bags at publio sale were all taken in at 2id to 2id per lb for common light Sumatra, being the former'value; 150 bags Pimento sold at stiff rates— good fetched 4 1 1 to 4 1d , mid 4 d to 4 1d , low Sid to 3id ; 2 casks Mace taken in at is 3d per lb for low quality, and 48 bags of Amboyna Cloves at is 4d per lb fur bold but dingy,.being above the value. , VISIT OF LOUIS PIIILIPPIL—It is understood his Majesty, weather permitting, will land at Portsmouth on Monday, and, after a due reception from the Corpora tion, proceed by the South-Western Railway to the Farnborough station, and from thence to Windsor Cantle. The Earl of Jersey, Master of the Horse, has given di rections fcr nix of thi royal carriages and four to be in attendance at the station . to await his Majesty's arrival, and convey him to Windsor. Prince Albert, attended by most of the great officers of the household, will also be in waiting at the station, to welcome his Majesty on his arrival. The D u k e o f! Wellington leaves town on Tuesday for Portsmouth, to be present to receive his Majesty on his arrival in this country 1144. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. i CITY of LONDON REGISTRATION (YESTERDAY.) i (Before S. J. ARNOLD, Esq.) CROYDON. TILE INNER TEMPLE.—A question of some impor- A young woman, named Mary Anne Johnson, was tance came before the Revising Barrister yesterday. brought before Mr. Sutherland, at the Town-hall, on On the list of St. Dunstan in the West being pre' Thursday, tu answer the charge, as it appeared upon sented, the police-sheet, of having unlawfully disposed of her Mr. Quin, who appeared for the Conservatives, ob two children, one aged four years and the other twelve I jeeted to the reception of the list of the Inner Temple. months. ' He grounded his objection on the 27th section of the The circumstances, as they were detailed to the Act of Parliament, which provided that in cases of Bench, were of rather a singular character. It ap- extra-parochial places adjoining two parishes, the lists pears that the accused is a young woman of indiffe- of such pia should be published on the church rent character, and the children in question were ille- doors of the . ;t populous parish of the two. The Inner Temple adjoined the two parishes o f St. Dun' gitimate. In the early p ar t o f th e p resen t y ea r the prisoner was taken, with her children, into the Croy- stan in the West and Whitefriars. By the census it don union workhouse, where she remained for three or appeared that the parish of IVhitefriars was the least four months, when she left and went to live with her populous of the two. The list of the Inner Temple mother, who resides at Croydon, taking the children however, was published on the door of the church of with her. She stayed with her mother for a short St. Dunstan. Before the 6th of Victoria such an Qb time, and then, without giving any notice of such jection as this would have had the effect of disfran being her intention, she suddenly left Croydon with ehishing the place, but such would not be the case her children, and nothing was heard of her until a now, as was shown by the Hull scrutiny case. A few days ago, when she returned home, apparently in list was rejected on the same grounds as those upon great distress of mind, and without her children. Her which the present objection was made, and shortly mother, of course, questioned her closely upon the afterwards an election took place. Those parsons subject, and, in consequence of the extraordinary whose names appeared on the rejected list tendered story she told respecting the children, and other cir- their votes, but they were refused. A scrutiny, how' cumstances that transpired, the police felt it their ever, took place before the House of Commons, and_ duty to interfere in the matter, and Ferridge, a police- the votes were allowed by the Committee. constable of the P division, proceeded to make in- Mr. Wansey contended that the publication on the quiries, the result of which induced him to take the church doors of the Temple Church was quite sufficient. step of apprehending the prisoner upon the above The REVISING BARRISTER said this was a very in': charge. portant question. Upon looking into the differeo - having been adduced to show that the provisions of the Act of Parliament, it appeared to him prisoner had gone away from Croydon with her that a case like the present one had been contera p children in the manner described, and that she re- plated. It was clearly in evid ence th a t t h e I n ner turned without them, Temple was a place contemplated in the 22d section Mr. SUTHERLAND inquired what account the pri- of the Act, as it was a place extra-parochial, and had soner herself gave of the transaction ? no overseers of the poor. It joined two parishes, both Ferridge, the constable, said that the prisoner's situated within the boundary of the City, and sense' story was that she had gone from Croydon into Kent, quently the list ought to be published in the least po and that when near Gravesend, being very much dis- pulous of the two. Now, the least populous parish tressed, and neither she or her infants having had any was that of Whitefriars, and it was clear from the food for three days, she laid down with her chil- general tetiour of the Act that the list of the Dine dren by the side of the road, and upon their going Temple ought to have been published by the over' to sleep she went away from them for a short time, seers of the parish of Whitefriars. The anawer of and on her return they were gone, and she did not Mr. Wansey went for nothing, as the publication of know what bad become of them. the list by an unknown person was no publication 21 The prisoner's mother confirmed the statement of all. He (the Revising Barrister) was therefore coo' the constable, and said that the only account her pelled to come to the conclusion that the 27th sec tion daughter gave of the loss of her children was, that she of the Act bad not been complied with, a n d h e mos! had left them in the way described, and that she refuse to receive the list, and the consequence would could not tell where they were. be that the list of last year would stand good for the Mr. SUTHERLAND inquired whether the police had next. received any information of children, answering the description of those belonging to the prisoner, being found deserted in the neighbourhood referred to by the prisoner? Inspector Collier said that no such information had been received, and the fate of the children was com pletely involved in mystery. The prisoner was then asked whether she wished to say anything in answer to the charge, and she re peated the statement she had made to her mother. Mr. SUTHERLAND said there were some suspicious circumstances in the matter, and it was a case which certainly called for inquiry. He should, therefore, remand the prisoner, in order that the police might have an opportunity to go into Kent and set on foot the necessary investigation. THAMES POLICE. CHARGE OF MURDER.—Mrs. Elizabeth Southerland, a pretty, mild looking woman, slightly made, with light brown hair, blue eyes, and very expressive fea tures, was put to the bar, charged on suspicion of having caused the death of Samuel Cornish, late ship keeper or steward of the Dee Royal Mail steam packet. Owing to the interest created by the publication of the proceedings at the inquest held at the Alfred Head, Stepney, on the preceding day, the court was crowded at an early hour by persons anxions to wit ness the appearance and demeanour of the prisoner. On her entering the dock all present were struck with her youthful and interesting appearance. She is about twenty-three years of age, and wore neither cap nor bonnet, but was tastefully dressed in black, with a satin scarf of the same colour thrown over her shoulders. Dr. Henry Letheby, professor of chemistry, was the first witness called. He proceeded to detail with great clearness the various interesting processes by which he analysed the contents of the stomach, and tested the intestines, so as to lead to the conclusion that arsenic bad been taken into deceased's system. The evidence, which it is unnecessary to repeat, was verbatim the same as that given at the inquest, the substance of which appeared in The Sun of yesterday. In answer to Mr. Pelham, who appeared for the defence, Dr. Letheby gave it as his decided opinion, that an over-dose of salts would not produce the in flammation which the intestinal canal of the deceased exhibited. He could not tell what quantity of arsenic his tests discovered, nor was it possible to say whether it amounted to 140th part of a million part of a grain. The whOle of the intestinal canal had been completely cleared out. Mr. Pelham—Does it not sometimes occur that there is arsenic in the human system P Dr. Letheby —ln my opinion, it never occurs except from acci dental causes. Mr. Pelham—Then that theory is exploded? Dr. Letheby—Yes, by all who take the trouble to in quire into and satisfy themselves of the matter. Messrs. Rose and Tatham, the surgeons who at tended deceased during his last illness, repeated the evidence which they gave on the preceding day. In answer to Mr. Pelham, the latter gentleman stated that the conduct of the prisoner and deceased was that of mutual friendship and affection towards each other. Deceased did not at all appear as if he he entertained suspicions that he had been unfairly dealt by. Mrs. Blackmore was then called, and repeated her testimony of the previous day, the gravamen of which was that the deceased told her two years ago, that Mrs. Southerland had sent him a cup of coffee which smelt so strong of laudanum that he could not drink it, and that she was in the habit of administering drugs to him. . In answer to Mr. Pelham, the witness said the de ceased promised not to forget her daughter Anne in his will ; but she (witness) was not so much con cerned about the money as the person of the deceased, who was an old acquaintance, and friend of herself and her husband. Mr. BALLANTINE here interposed, and said, that after the evidence of Mr. Tatham, who spoke as to the kind and affectionate bearing between the pri soner and the deceased, coupled with all absence of suspicion on the part of the latter, such a line of ex amination was unnecessary. Two or three other witnesses were then examined, but nothing material was elicited. Almost all of them spoke to the kind feeling which appeared to sub sist between the prisoner and the deceased. Mr. Pelham then put in a letter from Cornish to Mrs. Southerland, dated the 7th of N0v.,1643, whilst he was on board the Trent. Its expressions were quite of a parental character. It alluded to and commended her improvement in writing ; referred to a new dress with which he had presented her, and promised her another should she continue to improve. It concluded by recalling to her memory the happy times they had passed together, and expressing a hope that they should soon be renewed. The prisoner, who up to this time watched the proceedings with a collected air, and gave instruc tions to her solicitor with great promptness, when she wished to have any errors of date or circumstance in the testimony corrected, burst into tears, and dropped into her chair on hearing the letter read. Mr. Pelham observed that it was very improbable that a man who suspected a woman of drugging him should write such an affectionate letter so soon after wards. Mr. BALLANTINE, finding that Sergeant Shaw had no further evidence to produce, immediately dismissed the case. The prisoner, who, except her emotion when the letter was read, and a alight spasmodic emotion of the throat whenever she was alluded to as " the prier at the bar," b o re herself calmly throughout the in quiry, fell backwards in a fainting fit on hearing that she was discharged, but fortunately Roche, the gaoler, caught her in his arms, and prevented any accident ; she was then conveyed out of court by her friends, who appeared to be very respectable. CORONER'S INQUEST. Yesterday the protracted investigation touching O . death of Miss Ann Sayer ' aged twenty years, NO' for the third time, resume d at the Jolly Anglers, Lev bridge, before Mr. W. Baker, the Deputy Coroner., The particulars of the two former days' proCew i ings have already appeared in The Sun. The inquiry was adjourned, on Tuesday lasts enable Inspector Cooper t o pr ocure th e a tt en d an ce ° three young persons, wh o , it was s t a t e d by i o / Radley, of the Lea-bridge-r o ad, h a d hi re d a boat, her on the evening in question, and it having b e : 0 asserted by Mr. Newman that he had been run do' , by three persons, the Coroner d eeme d it nec eso" that they should be forthcoming. On the re-assembling of the jury yesterday, e j Inspector Cooper addressed the C oroner , and st,oo i_ t he had succeeded in finding the th ree y ou th s , wil• names were Matthew John Tracey, age d 17 Yo , ';; Frederick Bocquet, aged 15 ; and Ri c h ar d Boult ° o ', aged 14; all of whom resided at Stoke Newingt ° o After being cautioned by the Cor one r, they e ° , ol expressed a desire to explain all that occurred to th c to on the evening in question. They were kept separ a i, from each other, and each underwent a rigid ex id nation by the Coroner and jury. They all agree?o,, the following statement :—That on Thursday even:,;, the 26th September, they hired a boat of Mrs. liv As they rounded the point near the Jolly Ang iel4 they passed a barge, which was also proceeding p the river. In a short time afterwards they li be l boat, in which were a lady and a gentleman ; ,to ot passed clear of them, and the gentleman did, oos eir call out or speak to them. They then went on o d ij way, , but as it was getting dark they ho et not go a very great distance, and w e nt on .s eci to for a short time t o a ll ow th e b arge th ey h a d possy r b e f get by them, lest an acc id en t s h ou ld occu r. e at then returned, and as they approached the pointlo; the Jolly Anglers, they found some persons drogg e d• for the body of a female who had been drl'is' The two younger boys became frightened, an bl e b sisted that Tracey should put them on shore, W A sd he did. They walked back to Mrs. Radley' l4 6 ,oo Tracey rowed the boat home alone. They al t . s e ll' distinctly denied having come in collision with igh „ti man's boat, or that they heard any cry or 0° 1 11 543 01 thei ever. There was no person in the water w r ot passed. They had passed tho barge before they Newman and the lady. a O ld The Conoxeu summed up the evidence, an jury returned a verdict of " Accidental death. " REVELATIONS OF LONDON," BY MR. AINSIIO,SO —The admirers of M r. Ainsworth's writing's vi „',l3 l glad to find i n th e present N um b er of h i s M a gri" has commenced a n ew t a l e, or romance, ca ll e d " -t be 'to tions of Londo n ." Th e p ro l ogue o p ens in 1 59 ,'.' e etr hours before the co mmencem ent of the seventeent h tury, and we are introduced to one of those spo ts se Ainsworth loves so well to delineate—an old h°ll,cer the foot of London-bridge. Here an alchemist i 6 . 0 00 ing his lonely vigil in his laboratory. His a directed to the Southwark gateway, the flat lead e ß o jiii, of which is planted with a forest of poles, each gor ll 4 with a human head, and he beholds a tall man J O: of bearing away two of these grisly mementos. 111 0 ,0 0 , rauder, however, is surprised by the sentinel, who o be him with his halberd. He is conveyed into the e "0:, of the alchemist, who at that moment makes the set ° of covery of the true elixir vitce. A conversatioll, e tth e between these worthies, when it is discovered w is ti ep iio l younger man is the great-grandson of the ale is ir d who, in early life, had been charged with sorceT i lte ttentl had fled to avoid the stake. . . . The next el is! commences in the year 1830. The scene is w o of ruined house in the Vauxhall-road, where two T e ll di are lurking. They make an attempt upon the man who is in this lonely spot for some mysteriotncli; pose, and the chapter ends with his rescue by the 77 ,40 . ,: man, and some other persons, who arrive at the or ile moment. Such is the waning point of Mr. A/ 10 new romance.—Morning Chronicle. 0 0 ,1 1 Ladies travelling, or temporarily subjected deviation of equable temperature, will find in R° lf aiir,l Kalydor a renovating and refreshing auxiliary, so ling the cloud of langour from the complex o 4 immediately affording the pleasing sensation sated restored elasticity of the akin. The distressi n g , unsightly varieties of cutaneous eruptions $ 1. 14 1 1 promptly eradicated by the Kalydor. Spots, f l i p l j freckles, discolourations, and sallowness, yield 0 9 , specific qualities, and are succeeded by a smoothn e o ft ) transparency of the skin, giving rise to sensatio o o utmost pleasure and surprise. ts universally g re ,,,e mand excites the cupidity - of unprincipled shop , ' cur , who give the title of " Genuine" Kalydor to s o93 , e e e d i pounds of their own manufacture, of the most de le 'de character, containing mineral a s tringents utterly r o l e; to the complexion, and by their repellant action el l rlA ing health. It is, therefore, imperative on pure ll 7, o see that the words " Rovrland's Kalydor" are J l { wrapper. All others are fraudulent counterfeits 0140, [ADVERTISEMENT.]—A NEVER FAILING FOR ALL CASES OP SCURVY, SCORBUTIC ."'" AND SCROFULA, BY HOLLOWAY'S PILLS 0 1 , 17 0 0 1 0 MENT.—EXTRAORDINARY CURE.—Henry 1B14„ nu footman to Lord 8., was lately discharged from t",; 1 1 ,0 of B's. service in consequence of his havi n g t o Id scorbutic blotches all over his hands and fec e ' i reo t o great disfigurement. For twelve months he W O5 i m by his master's medical attendants, but to n 0 p r and the case was at last declarid incurable, and P c ) discharged. The poor fellow then, as a forlor n commenced using Holloway's Pills and Ointment' blo;, effectually eradicated the disease from 111% fief in less than three weeks. Sold at Professor ?if way's Establishment, 224, Strand (where 0 14 9 be had gratis), and by almost all respectable medicine throughout the civilised world. BIRTHS. C IO On the 2d inst., at Liverpool, the wife of Heel Chapman, Esq., of a son. f On the 2d inst., a t P ec kh am L o d ge , th e Trite 0 . Nash, Esq., of a daughter. Js On the '2d inst., in Great Marylebone-street, tlie Nicholas Hobson, Esq., of a son. TriV On the 3d inst., at South Lambeth, Mrs. MI 6 poi of a On son. the 3d inst., in Norfolk-crescent, Hyde-parkr of Captain W. S. Moorsom, of a daughter. arl h On the 3d inst., in Cambridge-square, Hyde - P sir James Dickson, of a son. On the 3d inst., at the Lodge, West-green, Mrs. Mark H. Shuttleworth, of a daughter. Iter ~ On the 3d inst., in Regent-street, Mrs. J. of a son. r ) : MARRIED. Op t ' On the 21st ult., at Dartington, the Rev. Williel3ol9 l 8.D., of Balliol College, and Recter of Chariton, pro Margaret, only daughter of the Venerable U. ' lm 4 0 „011 Archdeacon of Totnes. On the Ist inst., at St. Mary's, Castlegate, Thom son of the late Christopher Bolland, Esq., of %at Margaret, only daughter of William Vane Hope , .010,, city of York. 1 1 )1 1 " ar, ?„( On the 2d inst., at All Souls' Church, Maryleb ° to,, 0, ~, Brodie, Esq., second son of Sir B. C. Brodie, BIM itr, daughter of Captain the Hon. W. Waldegrave , P la On the 2d LA., at Tynemouth, the Rev. - al r( nob e 8.D., to Isabella, daughter of the late Rev. M.A., of Welwyn, Herts. it, , DIE. On the 13th of A ugus t, at Su rt , William SPr° t Political Commissioner, and resident at Bared On the 17th ult., in Friasbury, Rochester, 1 3 . kg ` (3 1 "" On the 28th ult., at his seat, Stoke-park, Bu c— ' rt el ' WO Co to Penn, Esq., aged 83. On the 29th ult., at the Friars, Wincholsea , f -3 o the wife of Richard Stileman, Esq. bter On the Ist inst., at Hackney, Caroline, dattiyl..o" Rev. Joseph Liddell Farrer, Vicar of Cratfield-N' Suffolk. -A 1)11 11° London: Printed a n d P u bli s h e d by . MURP! i,4 ° No. 112, St ran d, P r i nter, a t Th s Sus 0 i 4.1 .- cAn.- Strand, in the Precinct 9f the Sairey• 1 Middlesex, Saturday, October 5,1844. DEAFNESS. TESTIMONIAL from John Sawyer, Esq., of Hay wood Lodge, Maidenhead, Berks, to Messrs. S. and B. Solo mon., 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly. Gentlemen, having been deaf for some tinie, I was induced, in the month of No vember, 1839, to make trial of your Invisible Voice Conductors, and, although at my advanced age, at that time past my 77th year, I had no hope of obtaining any relief, yet immediately I applied them I could hear the general conversation, and my hearing has become so much improved by their use, that I can now bear acutely without their aid. I am Gentlemen, your most obedient servant, J. S awyer. 22d am, . 1842.—From the late Henry Cowper, Esq., of Tewen Waters, Herts, t• Messrs, S. and B. Solomons:—Gentlemen, having been deaf for many years, I was induced to try your Invisible Voice Conductors. They enable me to hear persons in company, and at a place of worship most distinctly. The Spectacles and Handglass which you have sent me are very excellent, and suit my sight perfectly , . the transparency of which is so bril liant, that although I have passed my 86th year the 22d of May last, yet they enable me to read, and by candle-light, witk the greatest ease and comfort to myself. I return you my best thanks, and remain your obedient servant, Henry Cowper.- 22d June, 1839.—Telescopes, Opera Glases, Microscopes, &c. of the same kind of Lenses.—Caution.—Messrs. S.and B. Sa lmons, Opticians and Aurists, arc not in any way connected with a person of the same name in their immediate neighbourhood. Nor n any part of the country. To prevent mistakes, be cau tious, and Ohserve,—Only to be had at 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel. How TO GET A CROP OF APPLES.—In the parish of - Wavlinglitun, in Surrey, there is a custom which seems to refer to the rites performed in honour of Pomona. Early in the spring, the boys go round and whip the apple trees, in order to procure a plentiful crop of fruit ; and, after having accomplished their task, they carry a little bag to the house, expecting to get for their good offices some meal. ADYI 1. I Sect for 'Vora Li Wee t o Gibbs it that y e , Parlint 2. • Ur. brought before t mil' and it them II In 1841 scheme abandot (Mr. (ii 4. T} " APri Proje c t*, ed b, babe"' th e nur Northe r before 1 went of lie had tor? of c e, ed mdep en ford, g, the othi the ad o , b e trot extooti length a elvrio Civil 4 5 . bleat if, direct an contradis assertion scheme 'ay to c don wit! Striated first projl John Ref 6, Th e Inent stall differ ence betw een t Jetted line d on to y ( "being not more lnilew•. (in Sir John li no); an the line of a nd York in realit) bne. as down, 185 "The I ?anificatic i tquent in I,II Y Comp ch con veto deter ° Ther inte: sketch or 1 0Cie s) A PPIY t T he Cc • Lon e or " th e sanrt oetentatio of L ondo . ,, n n a i d tt ee oar Adop ted i that th e i al finally Aver to ti Railway • Alt• Cubit th e comr arPeat e d Railway ( RILA a n( Planted b ALBATa C. a Person bri nging ti r"?asesitng batty and it does, a ( Metal s is , ~, ▪ yer, an , Sideboard Table S ] Lles ert Te a g m Suga r T C. IVA 7 t unariY tha n bui *la kes it t talyea, a rticle of e t i s ', etnet Wats IhOU1(1 NI Gratis, am, 11a The ( Ppily a p t ag arma , Ca a t e s ,7 Par '`ng pet IS Wax ca Fa gate, reeherClO Old 011 ar agon A a nd rec ° W ateon'a " 4 41 & 42 rATRO N NESS OBIL COURT 11 011 Gri Pries sc and daub! CACTI trl the W " None ee far Imp m 414 ed. ant °P PAR li nd prEeier IJr "rinC Zak, v e ACASs ee, nary I-141 s and Atty' Bared on *kith it THE G r .., au b and an 7 Me b7 i g e e w h hftith 113 ,t , 1Y any : r r itity r; hirte C t OM P k intcd take The 44' Pri.tor4l cb thoial 1% 4 .. lit f ora C o k x io f ul relif' Old On th e Pr~Ordinary ei ne : l 4 l %ft fltvpersonal! t igthY, se 7 v r a o n u t , 4 01 4 by rlt b y a 4‘fri Ft d otn. Ate m r -44 Iddr it ci t a h; Of .IJ