The Sun. — London, England, 1839-08-08 00:00:00

EVENIN G EDITION. JAMES WATT. - The long-promised historical sketch of our country man, Watt, by M. Arago, has jest appeared. It was read before thke Institute of France, and from the elo quent and vivid description with which it abounds, the interesting details it gives of this benefactor of the human race, and the lucid delineations of the vast im provents he had carried into effect in almost every de% partment of machinery, it must have produced a great effect on that learned and illustrious Society. We can find room, at present, for only two extracts—one giving a short account of latt in his boyhood, and the other ' inveighing against Governments who heap honours and wealth on warriors—the destroyers of thousands, while I they pass by unnoticed the greatest benefactors of mankind. " James Watt," says M.Arago, "was born at Green ock, in Scotland, on the 19th of January, 1736. Our neighbours on the other side of the Channel have the good sense to consider the genealogy of an honest and industrious man, as well worth preserving as the parch ments of so me t i t l e d f am ili es, rendered illustrious, it may be, only by the enormities of their crimes and vices. By this means, lam enabled to state with cer tainty, that the great grandfather of James Watt was a farmer in Aberdeenshire ; that he died in one of the battles of Montrose ; that the victorious party (and I m,ly add, that it is still the case in civil discords), con sidering that even death was insufficient expiation for holding the opinions which the poor farmer had taken up arms to defend, punished him in the person pi' his eon, by confiscating his little property ; that this un fortunate child, Thomas Watt, was brought up by dis tant relations, and in the isolated condition to which he was thus reduced, he devoted himself to serious and arduous study, so as ak t wards, in more peaceful times, to establish himself at Greenock, where he taught ma thematics and the principles ofi navigation ; that he lived in Mae suburb of Crawford's-dyke, of which he was the baillie, an office he retained till 1734, when he died, aged ninety-two veers. Thomas Watt had two sons, the elder John and his brother James ; the latter the father of our celebrated engineer, The father, James Watt, wag long treasurer of the Town Council of Greenock, as well as one of its baillies, and was remarkable in his discharge of these functions for his ardent zeal and an enlightened spirit of reform. He was a pluralist (these three syllables, become now-a-days in France an epithet of reproach, are no stigma on 1 the memory of J ames W att )—h e was a pluralist of \ three occupations. He was purveyor of apparatus and instruments for navigation, builder, and merchant ! un happily, towards the end of his life he suffered severe losses in business, by which he lost a part of the for tune which he had honourably amassed ; he died in 178 4 , (aged eighty-four. James 'Watt, the subject of this eloge, was born with an extremely delicate constitution. His e mother, whose family name was Muirhead, gave him his i first lessons in reading. He learned writing and arith metic from his father. He• attended also the parish 1 school of Greenock. The humble parish schools of Scotland have thus the right to inscribe, with a just pride, the name of James Watt among the celebrated men whom they have produced—just as the College I' de la Fliche now inscribes the name of Descartes among its ancient pupils, and the University of Cam bridge rejoices to this day in the name of Newton. The continual indisposition of James Watt did not, however, allow him to give himself up to his studies at the school of Greenock so assiduously as was to be desired. For a considerable part of the year he was i confined to his chamber, and he was left to study with out assistance. Thus, as indeed is most common, did his high intellectual powers, destined to bring forth such happy fruits, first mature and develope themselves in solitude and reflection. Watt was too much an inva lid to allow his parents to think for a moment of setting him to any regular occupation. They left him entirely at liberty to choose his own way of passing his time. We shall see whether he made a bad use of this in dulgence." Having described at length the use he made of this iodulgenee--the improvements he made in the steam engine, and the effects which his inventive genius is daily iproducing in every part of the world, he suddenly turns to another subject, and pointing to the statue of Watt, exclaims, " There you see, not the destroyer of thou sands, but the fatter, the creator of millions of human beings, whose genius now feeds them, and performs their labour without consuming a handful of their bread ; a man to whose genius Great Britain now owes all her wealth, and all her prosperity ;—then, look on the cold marble brow of that statue, which the filial love of an affectionate child has reared, and not a nation's grati tude-INA; on that uncoroneted brow—read that un titled nalne, and learn what a proud and aristocratic Datum, have done for the man to whom they owe i the wealth that feeds their pride ; that nation which 1 has raised its fortunate warriors to the highest pin nacles of wealth and of nobility —see what it has done to honour this founder of its prosperity !—see that uncoroneted brow, that unermined mantle, that ungartered knee—look at that untitled name, and hear of a surviving child, unhonoured and unknown, mourn ing in solitary dejection the ingratitude of his noble father a country ; and while you learn that true nobility needs no glittering gem, no gorgeous gold, to brighten its glory, learn also, that one of the greatest nations on the earth is governed by men who, while they squabble for power, intrigue for place, and palter for pension, be stow upon political tools, on fawning courtiers, or at best on fortunate warriors, those honours and distinc tions which men of noble and generous minds would hon our and distinguish themselves by bestowing on the bene factors of their country and their kind,—that the father, as he points to the names of the noble, and the great, and the honoured, might say to his child, thus was it done unto the man whom it delighteth the king to honour—go thou, and do likewise Gentlemen ! This creator of six to eight millions of workmen—of workmen indefatigable and industrious, among whom the arm of authority is never called upon to interpose for the suppression of revolt or a strike— of artificers at a farthing a day ; this man who, by his brilliant inventions, conferred upon England the means of sustaining itself during a political convul,ion, where its very existence, as a nation, was endangered —this modern Archimedes, this benefactor of the whole human race, whose memory future generations will eternally bless—what was done to heap honour upon this man ? The peerage is, in England, the first of dig nities, the highest of national rewards. You will natu rally suppose that Mr. Watt was at least elevated to the highest rank in the Peerage ! Such a thing was never even thought of. If truth must be spoken, any honour which a mere Peerage could confer upon the name of Watt is utterly contemptible. Yet neglect so dis graceful is not, on that account, the less astonishing, especially in a nation so notoriously jealous of its great men. When I inquired into the origin of this neglect, how do you think I was answered ? ' The dignities you speak of are reserved for officers distin guished for military and naval services, for popular ora tors in the House of Commons, for members of noble families. Ce n'est pas la mode—(l do not invent this, but merely repeat exactly what I was told)—it is not the fashion to confer dignities of such high character on mere philosopher-, men of letters, artists, or en gineers.' I knew well enough that it was not the cus tom in the reign of Queen Anne, for Newton was no Peer of England. But after a century and a half of progression in the sciences, in philosophy, when every one of us has lived to see, in the short term of his own existence, so many kings dethroned, banished, pro scribed, and their places supplied by soldiers of fortune, without rank or family—after all this, are we not to be al lowed to imagine that the partitioning out she human race into ranks and castes is a thing gone by—instead of being as rigidly adhered to as a decree of the Pharoahs— that, whatever be your services, your virtues, your wis dom, you are never to be unshackled from the boundaries of your caste !—that a fashion so contemptible (since fashion it is) is not now to iis ippear from among the esta blished customs of a great people ! Let us hope better things of the future. A time assuredly must arrive, when the science of destruction will bow down before the arts of peace ; when the genius which multiplies our resources, creates new manufactures, which relieves the toils of the labouring masses, will occupy in the general e=timation of men that place which reason and right feeling henceforth assign to it. Futurity will behold Watt appe.r before the grand Jury of the inhabitants of the two 1 e nispheres. They will seo him penetrating with the a id o f hi s m i g h ty mac hi ne , i n to the b owe l s o f the earth, in the short period of a few weeks, to depths where, before his time, it would have required a cen tury of painful labours to arrive—and there opening up spacious galleries and mines clearing them in a few minutes of the immense volumessnatching of water that en cumber th em , and from virgin earth, the boundless mineral wealth deposited there by bountiful nature. Uniting delicacy with power, he will be seen twisting with equal succes s the immense folds of the gi gantic cable, by whi c h the ship tohfethe line embraces in s ifety her anchor in the midst of waves ; and the microscopic filaments tumultuous-tossing of the d e li ca t e which muslins and the aerial lacefloat on the zephyrs of fashion. A few oscillation s of the same machine will bring into culture extensive swamps andcoun tries will be rescued from the periodic and deadly d l l mias mata raised up by the burning heats o f a summer u The great moving forces of machi nery , f or w i t : ie s h l !' it was necessary to resort to the mountainous regions of the rapid waterfall , thanks to the discov ery g o f lons Watt, may now be called into existence, wi t h out trqµble-or incumbrance, in the middle of a city, and on every floor of a house—their power being. suited in in tensity to the wish of the mechanician, instead of vary ing, like the water or the wind, with the changes of the weather. The different branches of a manufacture may thus all become united under the same roof. The pro ducts ofindustry, while they become improved in quality, diminish in price ; and the population, well fed, well clothed, well warmed, increases with rapidity, is fast covering with elegant mansions the surface of countries, formerly the deserts of Europe, and which eternal barren ness appeared to condemn to the dominion of beasts of prey. In a few years, what are now but hamlets will be come important cities : in a few years, towns such as Bir mingham—where already one reckons three hundred streets—will rank as the- largest, most beautiful, and wealthiest cities of a powerful kingdom. Transferred to our ships, the steam-engine will replace an hundred , - fold the power of triple and quadruple ranks of rower from whom our forefathers exacted a labou reckoned among the severest punishmenta of the most atro ious criminals. The tteam-engine, in conclusion, drawing in its train thousands of travellers, will traverse the railway with far greater velocity than the best race horse, loaded only with his pigmy jockey. " There, gentlemen, is a rapid sketch of the legacy of benefits conferred on the world by that machine which the ingenuity of Watt carried to such admirable perfec tion. We are accustomed to quote the " Augustan age"—the time of Louis the Fourteenth. Noble spirits have already arisen, who have thought it just to speak of the age of Voltaire, of Rousseau, of Montes quieu ; for my part, I pronounce, without hesitation, that when to the immense services which the steam engine has already achieved, there shall be added all the marvels it promises for the future, a grateful world will also cite the ages of Papin and of Watt." MR. SOMERS AND THE EDITOR OF BELL'S LIFE. We have received for insertion the following letter, and in order that it may be better understood—and also justice be done to both parties, we subjoin the article of which it complains : 'CO THE EDITOR OF TIIE MORNING POST. SIR—In the article upon the Goodwood Races Nvllich appeared in Bell's Life in London of this day there is a very long and still more scurrilous attack upon several persons, of whom lam one. Every statement therein put forward is either directly false, or else so discoloured with reference to simple facts as to be substantially untrue. I do not at present feel it necessary to enter into a detailed exposure of these falseheodg and misstatements. This I shall do at a more convenient time, and before a tribunal which can punish the slanderer, as well as exculpate the mon who are so unwarrantably and so infamously assailed. I now content myself with addressing a preliminary vin dication to the court of public opinion, and it shall be sim. ply in the form of stating naked facts, without condescend. ing to deal with the passages which constitute that which must appear to every well-ordered mind, even in the person of a stranger, a vile and vulgar tirade. Mr% rerguson is a gentleman whose birth gave him a high station in Irish society, and with whom I have been for many years intimately acquainted. Of late I found that he was accused with the utmost liberality of censure by a certain portion of the press. I observed (it is tree) that he never thought fit to reply to these attacks, and it is not for me to say that in this he did not exercise a wise discretion. Be this, however, as it may, I also saw that the persons who thought proper to assail him never ventured to urge their charges to a trial, much less to establish a proof; and it is not too much to suppose that they have been emboldened to continue their invectives up to this moment alike by his silence and their own im punity. But 1, Sir, am not one of those who condemn a man unheard, or shrink from an acquaintance because he has been attacked by a nest of hornets. On my arrival at Goodwood, on Wednesday last, I learned from Mr. Ferguson that he had not a single bet upon his horse beyond his having 281. to 41. against his horse winning the Cheltenham and Goodwood Cups. I also ascertained that other parties had backed Harkaway heavily. I then suggested to Mr. Ferguson the propriety of claiming some share in the betting, as had been done on former occasions by persons of high authority on the turf. I will not conceal that at the same time I informed him, that while he had nothing to win beyond the mere stakes, I stood heavily to lose on the success of his horse. He at once acceded to my proposition, and empowered me to act for him, and authorised me to put forth that, if from backers of his horse in the ring we did not get the odds at the 31. to 1/. to 500/., he would prefer withdrawing his horse to sacrificing his friend for the benefit of betters by profession. I authorised Mr. M'Donough to make this statement, and in consequence two were given, one by a gentleman, Mr. Stanley, 1501. to 50/. ; the other, 6001. to 2001., by the "gentleman " of Bell's Life in London, Mr. Wakefield, who next day saw fit to again fix me (and I have little doubt himself) to the bet, by asking me if I would abide it as play or pay, in presence of a friend. I have only to add that when Mr. Wakefield saw the horses on the ground, and Harkaway backed at even against the field, he then tried to declare off. I appealed to the Stewards and sought an investigation. They re ferred it to the Jockey Club, for whose decision it now remains.—l have the honour to be, Sir, your obedient servant, JOHN P. - SOMERS. St. James's Royal Hotel, St. James's-street, Aug. 4, 1839. THE GOODWOOD CUP. ( From Bell's Life in London.) " The race for The Cup, or Plate,' was, of course, the ' prominent feature of conversation, as well as of speculation. The fame ' which Mr. Ferguson has unfortunately ob • tained, led to all sorts of surmises, among the foremost of which in the morning was that Harkaway was not to start! —a report which gained ground, from the positive manner in which it was stated, that on the previous night it was publicly declared at the Swan, at Chichester, that Mr. Ferguson had made up bis mind not to start his horse unless the betting fraternity, who were to profit by his winning, would lay him 1,500 to 500, or 3 to 1 against him. We were not disposed to credit this preposterous statement, till we were informed that one gentleman had actually complied with the demand by betting Mr. Ferguson 6001. to 2001., as a portion of his " pound of flesh," and that there was no doubt the rest would be made up. It turned out, however, that this was a mere ruse to enable certain persons to " get on" at a- good figure • and Mr. Flintoff, the trainer of Harkaway, openly declared in the weighing . room that neither he nor Mr. Ferguson had the slightest knowledge of such a proposition, never having varied from their intention to " start and win" if they could, thereby intimating that "the devil was not quite so black as some folks would have painted him." This declaration pro duced a strange revulsion in the minds of those who had been slyly edging to their bets, but the deed was done, and they became the victims of their not very unnatural credulity. The gentleman (Mr. Wakefield) who had been induced to lay the 600/. to 2001. by the fraudulent representations alluded to, was determined not to submit to so glaring a deception, and resolved to appeal to the Stewards for their decision as to whether, under the cir cumstances, he was not entitled to declare the bet off? The Stewards politely complied with his desire, to hear and decide on the case, which in substance was this :—While at the Swan, at Chichester, on the pre ceding night, M'Donough, the Irish jockey, boldly entered the room, and declared that he was instructed by Mr. So mers, another Irish " gentleman" who had the manage ment of Harkaway, to state that Mr. Ferguson had deter mined not to start his horse unless the public laid him 1,500/. to 500/. Mr. Wakefield, who was present, fore seeing the effects which such a determination would have on the betting, and the serious consequences which would fellow to himself, as he was a backer of the horse, was at last induced to fall into the snare, and by way of example laid M'Donough, for Mr. Somers, 600/. to 2001. In front of the Stand, on discovering the deception, he declared his intention to appeal to the Stewards, and sent forth a summons for Mr. Somers to attend, but "spirits," and especially potheen, or " Irish spirits," could not be sum. cd from " the vasty deep," and the double deep Mr. Somers (as M'Donough did not speak without his host) was no where to be found. The Stewards, on hearing the case, in the absence of Mr Somers and M'Donough, gave it as their opinion that the bet was extracted under the cloak of deception, and, therefore, that Mr. Wakefield was en titled to declare it off, a declaration which he forthwith openly made in " the ring," and scratched the bet out of his book accordingly. It is not a little unfortunate that Mr. Ferguson should have placed himself in a position to justify a ready adoption of suspicion, and, but for this fact, we have no doubt that many who were disposed to have r backed his horse would have been large winners. When the awful moment for saddling arrived, which was announced by the tolling of a bell, and Harkaway was brought forth, he became the object of universal curiosity, and was pro. nounced by every good judge " every inch a racer," an opinion which the result of the race fully sustained, as he soon led off, and won with perfect ease. Hyllus second (no small credit with such an antagonist), and Deception tour prophet again on the wrong side of the post) third. But the race is described elsewhere, and fur ther allusion to it here is unnecessary. Mr. Fergu son, we believe, did not himself show on the stand during the day, and from what we have heard, is not himself any great winner by the race. We are, perhaps, here justi. tied in saying that if Mr. Somers was no party to the trick played by M'Donough, he is bound to make a declaration of that fact, as his name has been left under a stigma, from which every honourable man would be anxious to relieve him self, notwithstanding the example of Elis's year. Vs e have simply stated the facts as they were described under our own observation. We ought to remark that many persons called upon us to give Mr. Ferguson due credit fur his ho nesty on this occasion, and if he or his friends conceive this to be a compliment, we most readily concede it, sin cerely regretting that it has ever been our lot to be under the necessity of imbibing an opinion to his prejudice. " The path of righteousness" is now before him, and heartily do we hope hi; weakness or his good nature will not permit him to depart from it." DEAFNESS AND DEFECTIVE VISION.—At length those dreadful maladies are completely obviated, without torture and serious risk by medical treatment. The Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians and Aurists to their Majesties the King and Queen of Hanover, and their Royal Highnesses the Princesses Augusta and Sophia, &c. &c., 39, Albemarle-street, Piccadilly, have constructed a Voice-Conductor, and newly-invented Speer tacle Lenses, which will be found in most extreme cases to effect instant relief. It is seldom or ever that an invention of striking merit is laid before the public that ignorant pretenders do not start forth ; in no case is this more observable than in Ireland as well as England, by persons who not only assume the name of So lomons, but actually as having a connection with their house, 39, Albemarle-street. Numerous ladies and gentle men aredaily calling who have been misled by these preten. ders, and who have made purchases of their spurious imi tations,which they term Voice Conductors and Spectacles, supposing them to be the Messrs. Solomons' invention, which not only proved to be useless but productive of very ill effects. The Messrs. Solomons do not employ any agents o tmo r e t tn r ht a e v m el s t e e l r ves, s---their improvements in the materials are secrets i 39, Aibe a m nd ar a ie r . e st s r o ee le t l . l solely confined to their establish- GORE'S NEW NOVEL.—We are re quested to state that the new novel entitled " The Cour tier of the Days of of " Stokesbill Plac e e h ," a &M l rtl :' A ' b r i t Mrs. ag , Gore," Daughters," &c., " Mothers and is published this day by Mr. Colburn, of Great Marlborough-street, and may be had at all the Authoress . libraries. LIFE AND DEATH. ---A gentleman advertises fir board and lodging in a respectable family, " to live w i t h them, and be done for," and, to render his views still leis equivocal, be adds that " quietness is his object." THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, AUGUST 8, 1839. in consequence of the heavy swelling of water, which, through the incessant rains, had before inundated the coun try I;e7Ond. The bread' was about fifty yards in length, and the embdbliment an itintenSely high one. The whsle valley of the Rea was intitidateti, thotigh we are happy to learn that but little corn is injured, the principal part of the valley being rneak i w land. The hay had, In many n• stances, also been got in. The epTs: ct of the rush of so asit made lmmt.'noe a body of water was overwhelming, its way doWif the Salley of the Rea. Everything unattaei." ed, of a floating nature, , 4as carried down the street, until impeded by the narrowness of the river, and the bridges in Deritend. These forced the water into the holises adjoin ing, at the bottom of Moseley-street, Cheapside, and fZea street, all of which were impassable for some hours, the water being several feet deep. In the progress of the flood down the Rea, towards the flood-gates, much damage was done to the property on the banks of the river. The rush of water into the immense reservoir at Deritend Mills, forced the bank on the farther side, and the whole of this large sheet of water was a dd e d to t h e a l rea dy charged current of the river. Towards mid-day the water had sub sided sufficiently to allow of the course of the river being traced, but the fields around presented a desolate ap pearance. THE CROPS AND THE WEATHER We have received agricultural reports from all parts of the kingdom, but neither on the actual condition of the crops, their contingent yield, nor the influence of the recently rather too abundant and long continued rain, have we anything to add to our previously published statements. If the present warm sunny weather continue, not only will much of the mischief done to the wheat he repaired, but there will be at least an average —we think above an ave rage—crop throughout England, as well as Scotland and Ireland : and thus, blessed by a bountiful Providence, counteracting for a season some of the more dreadful seve rities of those accursed Corn-laws, that have in their ope ration consigned so many of our oppressed countrymen, with their wives and ehildren, to pinching penury—nay, even to starvation—thus blessed by God, we shall not, next winter, have the pain of seeing our artizans dying by tens, by scores, and by hundreds, for want of the daily bread denied them by the starvation code. The following report of the state of the crops in Ireland, copied from the Dublin Evening Post of Saturday last, is gratifying:— " We are in possession of accounts from all parts of Ire land, and we are truly happy to have it in our power rather to allay than confirm the apprehensions which we know to prevail respecting the crops. Considerable injury has, certainly, been done by the late heavy rains, especially to wheat, which in many places has been lodged, and it has also suffered from smut. Barnard—Edward G. Bernal, Ralph—Rochester Blackburne, Ireland Blair, James Blake, W. J.—Newport Broadley, IL—Yorkshire Brownrigg, J. S.—Boston Bruges, W. H. L.—Bath Callaghan, D.—Cork City Cowper, W. F.—Hertfc!d Craig, William G Myatt, Edward—Exeter East, James Buller— Winchester Eaton, R. J.—Cambridgeshire Eliot, J. E.—Roxburghshire Farnham, E.8.--N. Leicestershire; Gaskell, ames Miln es— Wenlock Gordon, Robert—Windsor Grattan, James—Wicklow Co. Grey, Sir George—Devonport Grosvenor Lord R.—Chester Hamilton, Charles J. B, Hodgson, Frederick—Barnstaple Hepe, Charles—Linlithgowshire Hope, Geo. W. —Weymouth Hoskins, K.—Herefordshire Howard, P. H.—Carlisle Hutton, Robert Lowther. J. ll.—York Mauls, Hon. Fox—Elgin Burghs, Morpeth, Lord—Yorkshire " The rain, however, has not been general throughout the country. In the southern and midland counties the greatest amount Of injury has been done. With the exception of one or two counties, the province of Ulster seems to have escaped the visitation, and the crops of all kinds are represented as luxuriant. Even in those districts where most rain has fallen, the injury to wheats has been partial, and the favourable change in the wea ther has already produced a very perceptible improve ment even in that crop. But oats appear generally to have been totally uninjured, and only require a continuance of good weather to ensure abundant produce. Barley, too, has suffered but little. With respect to potatoes, the floods have been destructive upon low grounds. This, however, is confined to particular localities; but, in gene ral, " the poor man's crop" is in good condition, and, if the weather should prove propitious, fully an average har vest may be calculated upon. The accounts are calculated greatly to diminish alarm in the public mind. " THREE o'CLocK.—The weather, we are rejoiced to state, continues most auspicious. Our hope is strong that, after all, we shall be blessed with a good harvest." MINORITY- Aglionby, H. A.—Cockermouth Brotherton, J.—Salford Browne, Robert Dillon Duncombe, T—Finsbnry Ewart, W.—Wigan Finch, Francis Harvey, D. \V.—Southwark Hector, Cornthwaite John—Pe tersfield Hindley, Charles We understand that the greatest anxiety and alarm are beginning to prevail on the subject of the harvest. It is said that even before the late unseasonable weather, it was by no means generally as promising as was represented in in the agricultural journals, and, whatever was its condition then, it must have been fearfully worsened by the heavy and continued rains which have recently been experienced. Should the fears which arc now entertained on the subject, by any thing like realized, it is awful to think of the con sequences which may ensue. The only consolation for the starving people will be the recollection that good some times comes out of evil, and a short crop and dear bread would be rendered more tolerable by the hope that the Corn-laws of the robber landlords could not stand the shock of a second bad harvest. That their strength is about to be tested, there is, we are assured, every reason now to believe.—Liverpool Chronicle. The continued showers of rain for the last ten or twelve days have rendered it impossible to proceed with the busi ness of hay-making., and done considerable injury to the crops. The produce of a great number of fields in this neighbourhood has been completely destroyed, by whi c h several individuals have sustained severe losses. The wheat crops also, in various places, are beat down by the violence of the weather, and in most instances will not again recover their upright position. The wheats in general look well, and 'promise an abundant crop. We earnestly hope that the fine weather which has just set in will long continue, for the benefit of all classes. The wheat has never looked better, having been rather im proved than otherwise by the late showers. The barley and oats are also in a most flourishing state, but the peas and beans have suffered much in many places by the dol phin. We are happy to have to state that the apple growers will in some districts get a few more apples than was expected ; but still the crop will be a very light one. —Dover Chronicle. Tux COMING HARVEST. —The late rains from which much mischief was anticipated, have done no injury, we are informed to the crops through a large portion of Kent. It has spoiled a good deal of hay. In Kent the corn is looking remarkably well, is scarcely laid in any place by the wind and rain, and the report of the farmers is, that it promises to yield largely. Fine weather, however, is indis pensible. Fruit is a failure. There are neither apples, cherries, nor plums in the lower part of the county; gooseberries and currants were totally cut off. Hops promise to be a good crop. The wheat where the crop is thick and strong, has certainly been damaged, it was much beat down by the wind, and the continuance of wet had caused it to rot iu the stalk, but we are happy to say that this is only in a few crops. Where it is light on the ground it is thriving and ripening fast. The fly has appeared, but the extent of the damage cannot yet be ascertained. We question whether the light soils will not have the advantage of the heavy in the yield this year. The course of hus bandry bids fair to be reversed, the wheat will be got in before the hay, and the barley in many places before the wheat. In the memory of the oldest man in this county a more destructive flood at this season of the year than that which last week deluged the meadows of Gloucestershire has never been known. The Severn has overflowed in many places, and has carried away all the hay and newly cut grass. The price of hay will be. high next winter— good hay is now on the advance.— Gloucester Journal. On Monday and Tuesday the fields presented the most animated appearance in all parts of Yorkshire, the threat ening aspect of the sky demanding the putting forth of fortnight. There is too 3', a considerable part of everywhinh leader ti o n n e n t n o n t s f e n c r u re nearlyth e a h a much reason to fear that nearly all which was in this situa tion has been greatly injured, while much damage has been done to that more recently mown. The crop on the west of Leeds, average, Leeds, as far as Lancashire, is spok e n o f as about a that is, it would have been b u t f or t h e wea th er at the beginning of the week. The corn between London and Leeds was much laid on Wednesday. Since that day we have been favoured with fine drying weather, and if it should continue, the drooping spirits not only of the agri culturists, but of the whole nation, will be revived.—Leeds Mercury. The last three have been fine summer days ; and we hope that the weather will be, for some time to come, more pro pitious ; if so, the injury to the crops will not be very seri ous. A great quantity of grass was cut and put together before the rains came, and a considerable quantity is now being cut, with the promise of a fine rich autumn feed for the cattle. The wheat has sustained only local damage; in general there is every prospect of an abundant harvest. —Reading Mercury. A great deal of mischief has been done to the harvest, but we have reason to believe not to the amount which some have calculated. The effect of the wind on many farms was such as to literally blow the grain from the ear.—Fal mouth Packet. HUNDER STORM.—Several parts of the country were visited on Wednesday last week by a severe thunder storm, accompanied with heavy rain. The storm was of brief duration, but alarming and dangerous in no ordinary degree. A labourer, who was employed in ditch ing in the neighbourhood of Errol, sought refuge, on the commencement of the storm, under a tree, where he had not long remained ere he was struck by the lightning, and when discovered, the unfortunate man was found to be quite lifeless, one side of his face, and a portion of his dress being much scorched and blackened by the electric fluid. He wore a watch, which was found in his pocket in a mol ten state. A gentleman residing in the vicinity of Inch ture, and who was passing the village on horseback at the beginning of the storm, took shelter under the verandah of the village inn. His riding whip was struck out of his hand by the lightning, which also touched one of his legs, but he was fortunately no way seriously injured.—Perth. shire Advertiser. THE DANGEROUS EFFECTS OF READING IN BED.—The following dreadful accident occurred to Miss Staunton, aged 20, residing at Belleyne House, near High Wycombe, on Monday night. The young lady had retired to bed, and was engaged in reading a book, which was her frequent practice. Unhappily she fell asleep, and the bed-curtains caught fire. The young lady's cries alarmed h er parents, who immediately hastened to the bed-chamber, where they were shocked at beholding their daughter lying on the floor writhin g c , in agony from the dreadful bu rns s h e had rece i ve d. We regret to learn that Miss S. lies in a very precarious state. These re peated instances of disastrous results arising from reading in bed ought surely to serve as a caution from pursuing this dangerous habit. MRS. SIDDoNs, As an instance of the great power which this unequalled actress held over the minds of her auditory, we need only mention the following cir cumstance :—When she performed the part of Agnes in Fatal Curiosity, an d when during the scene where Agnes goes up to Wilmot, and produces the jewels of their unknown son, giving a remote hint at the idea of murdering him, she threw such an expression into her countenance as made the flesh of every spectator creep. A Mr. Crabbe Robinson, a gen tleman of the bar and a scholar well known in the world of literature, who was sitting in the pit, declared after wards, that from this moment his respiration grew difficult, and in a few seconds he lost all command of himself. When the murder scene approached, he laughed aloud, and there was a general cry in the pit of " turn him out." The process of ejectment was even begun, and he had received some harsh treatment, when a humane woman interposed, who saw and explained his real condi tion. He was in strong hysterics.— Campbell's Life of Mrs. Siddons. It is reported that there is a man in Vermont who feeds his geese on iron filings, and gathers steel pens from their wings. PARLIAMENTARY DIVISION. (From the Yotes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.) MONDAY, AUG. 5, 1839. SUPPLY. Motion made, and question proposed, " That the Order of the Day for the Committee of Supply be now read :—"— Amendment proposed, to leave out from the word " That" to the end of the question, in order to add the words " the taxes imposed on the necessaries of life in this country, render them so - dear th a t th e wor ki ng people cannot comman d a su ffi c i ency to quiloiy - their daily wan t s ; t h at t h e taxes i mpose d on raw m mai& are an obstruction to the productive industry of the country; and that the irra...‘'ilitv of the people to purchase a suf- Sciency of the things which iheii in.... 1, 0ur would produce, acts an compels injuriously upon th ose w h o emp l oy the ce°Pl''' to limit them, from want of a mar k e t a t remunerating I.l7ice!'d the employment of many, and refuse employment alto ' ether to others, who are anxious to ear n th e i r b rea d b y th e thou; a their hands, and who. from being denied employment. are f:om pelled to wept relief from the parish in any way that they cars obtain it, or starve ; That such a state of things is detrimental to the productive classes, and dangerous to all other classes : That, according to a Return * ordered to be printed by this House on the 10th day of June last, the taxes raised by Excise and Customs on the following articles amounted, in the year ending thesth day of January, 1839, to the sum of 17,614,543/. ; viz., on malt, 4,932,080/. ; hops, 302,906/. ; soap, 810,813/. ; candles and tallow, 183,669/. ; sugar and molasses, 4,803,684/. ; tea, 3,362,035/. ; coffee, 684,979/. ; butter, 251,665/. ; cheese, 113,907/. ; currants and raisins, 300,828/. ; corn, 186,760/. ; cotton wool and sheep's, imported, 725,4451. ; silk 254,874/. ; hides and skins, 61,478/. ; and on paper, 541,7881.: That justice, sound policy, and humanity require that the laws im posing these taxes should be repealed, the Corn-laws abolished, and that the revenue should in future be raised by an equitable assessment on property," instead thereof (Mr. John Fielden)— Question put, " That the words proposed to be left out stand part of the question :" The House divided— MAJORITY—AYES 58. Norreys, Lord—Oxfordshire Paget, rederick—Beauniaris Palmer, George—Essex Parker, John—Sheffield Parker, R. T.—Preston Pigot, David R.— Clonmel Pryme, George—Cambridge Redington, T. N.—Dundalk Rice, T. S.—Cambridge Rolfe, sir R. M.—Penryn Russell, Lord John—Stroud Russell, Lord—Tavistock Rutherfurd, Itt. Hon. Andrew Seymour, Lord Sneil, Richard Lalor—Tipperary 'Sheppard Thomas—Frome Smith, Hon. ft.—Wycombe Somerville, Sir William M. Stanley, E. John—North Cheshire Stanley, W. o.—Anglesea Stock, Dr.—Cashel Surrey, Earl of—West Sussex Thomson, Rt. Hon. C. P.—Man chester 'rroubridge, Sir T. E.—Sandwich Waddington, H. S.—West Suffolk Wilde, Mr. Serjeant—Newark Wood, Charles—Halifax TELLERS. Baring, F. T. (Steuart, Robert -NOES, 15. flume, Joseph—Kilkenny Humphery, John—Southwark O'Connell, Daniel- Dublin Scholefield, Joshua Williams, William—Coventry Yates, John A. TELLERS. Attwood, Thomas Fi olden, John JBLIC OPINION IN GERMANY CONCERNING RUSSIA AND TURKEY. In the present crisis, the prevailing impression in Ger many is a dread, not that Ibrahim Pacha might march to Constantinople and dethrone the Sultan, but that he might be prevented from doing so by Russian Intervention ; that Turkey might a second time fall a victim to Russian Protection ; that another treaty of Unkiar Skelessi might be extorted, and that Russia might draw closer tae bond of union, until she shall throw off the mask, and supersede virtual dominion by actual incorporation. In all this we may state most truly, that the German Press is not guided by any sympathy for British interests. But withal the occupation of Constantinople by Russia would be considered, from one end of Germany to the other, as a national calamity for Germany no less than for Great Britain. We need not look far for the cause of this. The progress of Russia is considered as identified with every thing that is anti-national. The example of Poland is before the eyes of the world. The influence of Russia is suspected of being at the bottom of every mea sure of despotism. The manner in which the German Governments are overawed by her, is a subject of indigna tion and disgust. She is supposed to entertain her spies in every Cabinet. In all this, no doubt, there is con siderable exaggeration, but this is the current impression. Under such an idea, any access of power would be looked upon as a step towards universal dominion. However re mote the scene of her conquests may be, the consequences appear to threaten not only every State, but every indi vidual hearth. Such is the feeling in Germany, and this alone would sufficiently account for the tendency of the German Press. But there are peculiar reasons for dreading the progress of Russia in the East. The Germans are at this moment more alive than ever to the pursuit of their commercial and manufacturing interests, so long neglected, and for that very reason now so ardently embraced. Their eyes are turned to the Danube, to Trebisonde, in fact, to the Black Sea. A few successful speculations have raised an interest unknown before. The very novelty of the thing, the chiar' oscuro of the prospect, has its effect on a people superlatively imaginative. Now, the Sulina business is a sample of what they have to expect, in common with every nation of Europe, at the hands of Russian fiscality, if Russia were to constitute herself the actual arbiter of the Black Sea, and of its commercial territory. THE 400bS; similar detailS to those supplied by the subjoined ac counts,we regret to state, arc found in a great many papers from various parts of the kingdom : The unfavourable state of the weather, which we noticed last week, continued down to Wednesday night. The rain fell almost without intermission on Monday and Tuesdayi, end effect?on tfid vitte vliry visible en the mornin g of Wednesday. By nine a. m. the Severn at Worcester was bank full ; the water continued to rise until, in the course of the day, it had spread over a great part of Pitchcroft, and all the low lands were flooded to a great depth. The meadows on each side of the new road to St. John's, for more than half way, were covered with the tur bid water, and its increasing depth could be calculated as it rose. by its progress up the straight stems of the clumps of poplars. Trees, quantities of hay, and some drowned animals, were borne down by the Severn, which attained its greatest height about five p.m. yesterday, and began to decrease about seven in the evening. All the tributaries of the Severn appear to have been equally swollen. At Powick, the Teme entirely filled up the whole space of the arches of the old bridge; its waters came out to a great depth along the road, and completely isolated several of the houses in the village. No summer flood approach ing to this one in violence is recollected to have happened in the memory of man, and unhappily the damage done to the hams and meadow lands along the water courses is equally unprecedented. We learn from Tewkesbury, that on the Severn and Avon hams and meadow lands, and the pasture grounds lying on the smaller streams, many thousand acres are covered. The waters rose with such unprecedented rapi dity that in some cases the cattle and sheep were with difficulty saved, and a great quantity of hay has been car ried off the land by the flood. We have the same melan choly intelligence from Ipsley and Beoley, where the old est inhabitant remembers nothing like it for upwards of fifty years. In this immediate neighbourhood the damage will be great, a good deal of the hay crop having been uncut, or left, on account of the weather, lying in the field ; and in the brick-yard of IMr. John Hughes, near Camp, the flood has done some hundred pounds worth of damage. We fear we must add, that, in addition to the almost complete destruction of the large portion of the hay crop, which was unsecured, the continuous rain has seriously injured the corn crops. We hear, indeed, of its being laid in some places flat as if with a roller, but under Providence, if such weather is vouchsafed as we have had yesterday and to day, it may yet recover. The communication towards the city towards Tenbury, and on the Leominster and Bromyard road, has been inter rupted. From the non-arrival of the Ludlow mail on Wednesday afternoon, it was speedily conjectured that the waters were out in that direction, and rumours of a fatal accident to the mail and passengers became rife during the evening. We are glad to say the latter were groundless, and we have ascertained the following particulars of the detention:—At Lindridge, Rands, the guard, was forced to leave the coach and passengers. He and a horse-keeper set off mounted on the leaders, with. the bags, and with difficulty got to the canal towing-path at Newnham, where a fly from Tenbury awaited him, and in which he proceeded as tar as the turnpike gate, at which place the fly fairly floated, and the horses could not keep their legs. The guard Rands, the fly driver, and the cattle, were in the most imminent danger of being drowned here, when luckily the fly got entangled with some part of the gate; Rands then mounted the roof of the vehicle, and was dragged into the upper story of the gate-keeper's house. The flynian could not extricate both horses, and with difficulty managed to disengage one of them, on which he contrived to make hi; way to a place of safety, and quite unexpectedly, the re maining horse also made its escape shortly afterwards, dragging the fly through the water. Rands remained in the toll-house till six o'clock on Thursday morning, when he was able to resume his journey. At Knightford Bridge the read was found yesterday morning to be impassable. The Aberyatwith coach could not proceed beyond this point, and her passengers having been taken out, the coach was left in the water, lashed to a tree. The guard of the mail returned in the course of the forenoon to the post-office in this city, with the information that he could not proceed beyond the bridge, and Mr. Hill, the postmaster, having engaged the services of sonic of our river boatmen, proceeded to the spot. Having pro cured the use of a boat in the neighbourhood, Mr. Hill sucoeeded in conveying the down mail-bags onwards, and bringing back in return those of the up one. At Bewdley a great deal of damage was done on Wednesday, and in Kidderminster the Stour rose from two to three feet in the streets. In the house of T. Hel len, Esq., the floors on the ground story were inundated twelve inches deep. At Cleobury Mortimer the Rea sud denly overflowed on Tuesday night, and did a great deal of damage. The paper mill of Mr. Hall was considerably injured. Mr. Pope lest 13 pigs, two carts, and a quantity of implements, carried off by the water, and a vast deal of hay was washed off the adjoining fields. On Tuesday night part of a hill orchard, with its trees, soil, and the rock they stood on, belonging to Mr. John Knott, of Rock, was forced from its foundation by the action of the accumulated rain which had settled in a cre vice of the hill, and was hurled 250 yards distance, cover ing with its ruins about a quarter of an acre of potatoes, growing in a field belonging to Mr. Phillip Knott, of the Cooper's Arms, Abberley. We are as yet but very imperfectly informed of the ex tent of this calamity, and seriously dread 'the news which the beginning of the week will bring us of its disastrous effects. It is with gratitude, however, we have to record the return of fine weather. Nothing could be more sea. sonable, nor, after such a visitation, more acceptable to the husbandman than the beautiful weather of the last two days. May it be lasting, and may smiling Autumn speedily appear in her yellow mantle on' all our hills, and long withdrawing vales."—Worcester Herald. In the night of Tuesday last, and during the whole of Wednesday, Chesterfield and the neighbourhood were vi. sited with the largest flood, with the exception of one, that has been known in the memory of the oldest inhabitant. For several days previous to Tuesday, a considerable quan tity of rain has fallen at intervals; but Tuesday evening presented every indication of a heavy fall. The rain poured in torrents all night, and continued almost without inter. mission during the following day. At nine o'clock on Wednesday morning, the waters, which overflowed the banks of the Hipper and Rother, extended in various di. rections along the streams, and covered an immense space of ground. Most of the houses in the lower parts of the town, approximating to the course of the river Hipper, were flooded, and the water rose to a great height on the Derby road, extending from the Horns to the Bath Houses. In the lower rooms of the Horns, public-house, the water was nearly two feet deep ; and for a considerable distance along the turnpike road it was so deep as to render it prudent for people, in vehicles and on horseback, to go round by Baythorpe, instead of encountering the vast ex panse of water. At half-past nine o'clock, the Sheffield and Birmingham " Pilot" coach arrived at the Horns. Mr. Fielding, the coachman, put his horses to the water, with every prospect of gaining terra firma with safety, when, however, they had arrived in the midst of the flood, one of the leaders became restive, and the greatest alarm for the safety of the passengers was manifested by the im mense number of persons who had assembled on the em bankment of the railway to view the inundation. Just at this moment, when the passengers and horses appeared to be in the greatest danger, a man named England, who is employed by Mr. Fielding to groom his horses, plunged into the water, seized the bridle, and led the affrighted animals safely through. The passengers rewarded the man for his conduct. Being very much exhausted by the exer tions he had used, it was with the greatest difficulty that he succeeded in reaching the spot whence he started. The amount of damage done by this flood, it is at pre sent impossible to calcu late. We have received accounts from the surrounding districts, all of which concur in stating that hundreds will be great sufferers by having their hay completely washed away by the stream. Among others residing in the immediate neighbourhood, whose names ,have reached us, we may mention Mr. Charles Grimes. of Stonegravels, Mr. Turner, of Wingerworth, Mr. James Margerrison, of Chesterfield (whose field had been mown on the previous day), and Mr. Smith. Several wooden bridges have been swept away, and the heavy rains have done much injury to those parts of the railway where the permanent rails had been laid. We have received communications from Derby, Belper, Milford, Little Eaton, Alfreton, Bestow, Bakewell, Stave ley, Eckington, Doncaster, Rotherham, East Retford, Newark, and many other places, giving, in general terms, accounts of the floods in each respective neighbourhood ; but we are happy to say, that not any of them apprise us ul the loss of human life. Great damage has been sustained by occupiers on the banks of the Dove ; and our Derby correspondent writes that large quantities of hay, straw, timber, &c., were brought dorm the Dcrwent. The meadows in the neighbourhood of Belper were one complete sheet of water. A large quantity of hay be longing to Jedediah Scruti, Esq., was flooded, but by strenuous exertions a part of it was saved. Nearly the whole of Mr. W. Winson's hay, at the Dally, was washed away ; and the farmers along the line of the rivers have been sufferers more or less. The deep cutting of the railway through Belrer, has the appearance of a canal; and we regret to add that the embankments in many places have fallen in. In the " Cluster Buildings," the floors of two houses have given way, and great fears are entertained that the houses would ultimately fall to ruins. All the lower parts of Little Eaton and Duffield were laid under water ; in several instances the inmates of houses have had to be rescued through the upper windows. For a distance of at least two miles along the road leading from Little Eaton to Derby, the water was knee deep. At Duffield a quantity of wooden sleepers belonging to the North Midland Railway, were entirely washed away. The river Amber also overflowed its banks, causing great damage to the farmers, as well as to the railway embankments. A: Brampton a calf got into the water. A dog ( we believe belonging to Mr. Oldfield) was sent after it, and succeeded in driving it to land ; but the faithful dog got iuvolved in the stream and was drowned. _ _ The bridge leading from Duckmanton to Bolsover was considerably d a maged. The wooden bridge leading from Mr. Prince's house, at Chesterfield, into the meadows, and the bridge leading to Spital, past the Law factory, were washed away. The house of Mr. Ingleby, Wheat Sheaf, Baslow, was very much flooded. From Yorkshire we learn that Mr. Ward, of Selby, is a sufferer to the amount of nearly 2001. Mr. Best, of Thorpe, and Mr. Nathan Workman, of Almholme, had each nearly 500 acres of land of various descriptions of produce under weter. About 100 tons of timber, the property o f M essrs. Buxton, Railway contractors, was washed away f rom I ccles, near Rotherham. We have neither time nor space to describe all the ca sualties. It is enough for us to say that the loss which many farmers have endured will be of a serious nature. It is to be feared that the growing crops of corn have sus tained injury to an extent so considerable as almost to exclude the hope of recovery. On Thursday and Friday however, the sun was very powerful, and it is to be hoped that, .with a continuance of propitious weather, the damage done to the corn crops may be partially over• come.—Derbyshire Chronicle. BIRMINGIIAM.—EarIy in the morning an embankment of the Worcester Canal, near Bourn-brook, broke down, PRUSSIA. BERLIN, JULY 31.—Well, your Plenipotentiary (Bevoll macbtigter), with the Assembly of the representatives of the Prussian Customs' Union, has arrived here, for under this title Dr. Bowring is announced in the diurnal list of arrivals; may be, too, that England has two plenipoten tiaries at present, for I see that Mr. Wood, General Co mmissioner, is likewise at Berlin. Not a little curiosity is excited by this mission of your Government—the first osten sible demonstration which it makes to enter into diplomatic relations with Germany in a league. Let me frankly confess to you that the position of your agent or agents is an arduous one. Nothing short of a concession either with regard to the corn duties, or those on timber, will procure for Great Britain the concessions she demands at the hands of the League. The treaty which has been concluded with Holland, though perhaps disadvantageous if con sidered by itself, has roused the attention of other countries as to the commercial advantages Germany may have to offer to them; and already approaches have been made, not only by Belgium and France, but by the United States of North America. This circumstance gives to that treaty a political and moral importance, which, I confess, outweighs the disadvantages of it in a mercantile view. Strange as it may seem, Belgium has, for the present, the greatest chances of success. Her offers, as lam informed on good authority, are very liberal ; and the Government having charged itself with paying tho Scheldt duties in the lump, trade with Belgium is almost as important to Germany as to Holland. Next to that country, the United States arc considered as the most useful ally to the League. Till now, Germany has not tasted the sweets of a direct com mercial intercourse with the countries on the other side of the Atlantic ; let once a door be opened to us that way, and you shall see new life springing up in the very smallest of our Baltic ports ; capitals now lying dormant will be employed in ship building; and, far from any longer courting England to reduce her duties on our tim ber, we _shall want it all for ships to be built in Prussian wharfs. The late Finance Minister, Maasson, the author of the Customs' Union, had these results in view, when he did not shrink from a deficit of several millions in the di rect revenue of the country, and thus presented a striking contrast to the narrow-hearted opposition of your Tories in the House of Commons, who threaten to refuse their vote for making up the deficit which the introduction of the postage letter may cause in the beginning. TEXAS. THE New CITY OF lIOUSTON.—We reached this city before sunset, and I found lodgings in a good boarding house. Ido not call it a comfortable one, though good ; the landlady is excellent, the company are well disposed and intelligent, but the house is, like most others here, destitute of a single pane of glass, and entirely exposed to the winds and rains ; my chamber, for instance, contains not a single window. I can lie in my couch, and count the apertures in the roof, through which the light streams, and in wet weather, of course, the rain likewise. The houses are merely patched up shantees of rough boards ; few in the city are painted. My bedstead consists of four posts, rough cut from the tree, planted in the ground, and a few cross pieces, w ith a bed as narrow and as b a d as ever I slept on.. _ _ _ This is the seat of Government. The Legislature is in Session here; they meet in a large frame building, with roughly plastered walls, and without ceiling. It in cludes a number of talented young men, and a good pro. portion of substantially-looking gentlemen, of mature years. " I attended the levee of President L'amar the other evening, and was introduced to tke President. His house is a small one-story cottage, with but two small apartments as drawing-rooms. Some five musicians were present. The company, however, presented as much of taste and fashion as would, perhaps, be found in a similar scene in the White House at Washington ; and the politeness and ceremony of the occasion showed a state of refinement far in advance of the limited convenience of life yet pos sessed in the community. Ladies who have been accus tomed to the most elegant refinements of life reside here in shanters, and suffer all the exposures and incon veniences of the place, sustained by the common spirit of enterprise which prevails here, and the prospect of future wealth and luxury. " I have had several interviews with the Ex-President, General Houston, who is the hero of this young empire. He led the force at the small battle of San Jacinto, and his unrivalled bravery decided the destiny of the republic, and was crowned with the captivity of the Mexican Presi dent. General Houston is about 45 years of age, but ap pears above 50. He is not a little eccentric, powdering his hair, and wearing always some article of military dress about him. His manners are of the old school, polite even to ceremony ; and all who know him, while they con demn his vices, are charmed with his ability. No man could command the enthusiasm of the nation more, in any military project, than General Houston. His courage i ► unquestionable, and his manners are of the character which always invests a military chief with commandiiv in fluence. " President Lamar is extremely popular. He will, no doubt, elevate much the character of the country. He is strictly moral. His course has beet) manly and dignified, and none question that he will consult the best interests of the nation. He has organised an able cabinet. The late Sultan Mahinoud was the son of a French slave, Mademoiselle de Lepinay, an energetic and high-minded woman, who exercised great influence over the Sultan Abdul Hantid.—Paris print. THE CHARTISTS. THE CHARTISTS IN MANCHESTER.—Since Saturday evening, when the meeting was held in Stevenson's square, the Chartists, so far as regards assemblages, have been tolerably quiet. BURY.—We understand that the Bury Chartists, like their br e th ren e l sew h ere, took possess i on o f t h e parish . chur c h on S un d ay ; b ut the worthy Rector, be i ng fully prepared for their visit, gave them a lecture on the duty of keeping the peace and obeying the law, which, from its length as well as from its force, many of them would not exactly relish. ROCHDALE CHARTISTS AT CHURCH.—On Sunday last these gentry, like their friends in the neighbouring towns, assembled in considerable numbers, and attended the parish church. They were generally clean, though 1.0rn,2 of them were clad in their working dresses, per for of a change. Several m en were i n t h e church en Son day, with their wives and f am ili es , w h o had never been *he e since their weddings. The pl ace . were placed in the aisle s f or th e : was crowded, and forms converts. accommodation of these Ilea ' TIIE BOLTON CHARTIST.— On Saturd a y morn i ng last, at an early hour, the Chartist: mustered on th e New Market Place, for the purpose of again proceed ing to the parish Church. The morning heir" exceed ingly fine, great crowds of persons were attractdinto the principal streets to witness the proceedings. Ihe Chartists seemed rather disconcerted towards ten o'clock, as their numbers by no means answered their anticipations. After the bells had commenced ringing. however, they formed themselves ; and, on moving off the square, their numbers, on being counted, were found to be little more than six hundred, a large pro portion of them being boys. On arriving at the Chur c h, they found the police and others busily engaged in making way for them through the crowd, and inviting them forward ; but, on entering the Church, they were somewhat ,disappointed in finding it about half filled with the usual members of the congregation. They were, therefore, obliged to procure seats where they could. Their conduct during the service was un usually decorous, probably owing to the sprinkling of other parties amongst them. The Rev. Mr. Robin, the Curate, delivered an impressive sermon, though not particularly appropriate to the occasion. At the close of the service, they returned to the New Market Place ; aud, in the afternoon, a local preacher from Bury, of their own creed and politics, delivered a short sermon. In the evening Richard Carlisle de livered a lecture, exposing some of their follies, but recommending them to continue their attendance at the church, which he said belonged to the people ; and, if they were not satisfied with the minister provided for them, to elect one of their own, and place him in a pulpit in the church. He then:proceeded to read over the 6th chapter of Timothy, and grounded his text on the same verse as that selected by the Curate on last Sunday but one, and at the conclusion of his harangue appealed to them as to which had made the best sermon ; as much as to say, " If the clergyman does not suit you, appoint me in his stead." The day passed off without the slightest disturbance, although many persons were in great fear that such extraor dinary proceedings were calculated to end in nothing but a desecration of the Sabbath. NATIONAL HOLIDAY.—On Sunday, a meeting of Chartist Delegates was held in the Ebenezer Chapel at Middleton, to ascertain the determination of the seve ral districts in the neighbourhood as to the carrying into effect, or otherwise, the " ulterior measure" of a national holiday. The result was a resolution to hold the holiday—to commence, report says, on Monday next.—Manchester Guardian. CHARTIST VALOUR.—We have always said that the men who bragged so loudly, in Bobadil fashion, at Chartist meetings, were not likely men to stand the smell of gunpowder. We were not surprised, however, to learn that immediately on the appearance of the civil power, backed by the military, the Chartists of the who had invaded N ewcas tl e on neighbouring village.f, Tuesday, in order to set the proclamation of the Magis trates at defiance, scampered t;,"lt of the Forth in all direc tions, in which deed of bravery they were fully kept in countenance by their brethren of the borough. One va lorous wight, who came puffing and panting along Tyne Bridge, never thought' himself . safe until he, was en sconced in the chimney corner of a public house in Gateshead. This hero of the pike much amused the company by relating the ciraimstatices connected with his retreat, and their merriment was not a little in creased by the fact that the poor fellow's eight was caused by his having mistaken the order of one of the officers. "We were all stanning tegither (he said), luikin' at the sowlgers, an' laughin' at the specials, an' just busy reckonin' hoo many pikes it ud take to clear the streets o' them, when an officer shooted out, Reet about fire r (face was the word)—an' doon we a' went off t'wall we were stannin' on. Aw fell o' my feet, but some o' them didn't. Aw set off as hard as aw could run, an' aw nivver luikt ahint me till aw found mysel' syeff i' this hoose." The chairman of the meeting, too, we understand, was seen on this side the Tyne within a very few minutes of the appearance of "the specials." —Gateshead Observer. THE t‘ EXPERIMENT"-BANK OF IRELAND. (Abridged from the Dublin Pilot) The opposition to this " unjust and injurious monopoly," as the Trades call it, begins to assume a national aspect, which it ought to have assumed long ago bad the people thoroughly understood its wicked effects. Our paper to day is full of meetings and debates on the subject. The most important feature, however, which we have to notice is the meeting of the Trades' Union, called together after some years of suspension, to take this " unjust and injurious monopoly into consideration." The leaders of the Trades seem to understand perfectly the effects of the monopoly in banishing trade from our shores. The Trades adjourned to Tuesday evening, and as the interest increases, we look forward with much satisfaction to its proceedings. There is still time to mitigate the mo nopoly. The battle is well sustained by a few, but it is only beginning. If our advice had sufficient weight with Ministers, it would be—Withdraw this measure while yet you may do so with a good grace ; persevere, and you will bring your Government into disrepute. On to-day Drogheda meets again. It may be the last struggle. We may possibly now have arrived at the end of the ex periment of seeking for justice for Ireland in a London Parliament. We do not wish to give the word of corn. mand to stand for Repeal; but we think if it were given by O'Connell on the passing of this Bank Monopoly Bill, that it would be responded to by one million of men. 200,000 Volunteers wrenched free trade from England in the days of Grattan. Five times that number are now at the disposal of O'Connell. THE LATE DREADFUL MURDER AT HAREFIELD. -- On Tuesday afternoon at four o'clock, Mr. Wakley M. P., having appointed the inquest to take place at Hare field, upon the body of Moses Gates, fishmonger and carrier at Harefield, who was stabled in the abdomen by a boy of the name of Ed mun d Cateh, 15 years of age, of very diminutive stature, a most respectable Jury was empannalled at the Cricketers, where a very lengthened examination of several witnesses occurred, and the inquiry into the circumstances of the case lasted till half-past eleven o'clock. The investigation excited considerable interest, and the Jury room was crowded. Among the persons present were Sir William Wiseman and other Magistrates, with several of the influential inhabitants. The facts of the case, which have already appeared, are briefly these :—The accused called upon the deceased, on the afternoon of Saturday, when seeing a piece of salmon, be offered a price for it. A dispute arose about the money to be given, the difference between the two being a penny. The accused became insolent, when the deceased told him that he should not have the fish, and gave him a cuff on the head. The boy left, and he was followed by the deceased, who thinking that he was going to leave altoge ther, turned back. But he bad not gone far, when he looked back, and then saw the deceased approlching toward him with a large knife in his hand. Directly after the boy struck the knife into the abdomen of the deceased, he immediately fell. The deceased was taken home and attended by a medical gentleman, but who immediately saw that all human assistance was unnecessary, and the unfortunate deceased died on the following evening. The CORONER summed up in a very full and elaborate manner, after which, the Jury retired, and after a long consultation, the Jury returned a verdict of wilful murder against Edward Caton. The Coroner then made out his warrant for his committal to Ncwgate, and the several witnesses were bound over to prosecute. The accused was present during the inquiry. Saturday, as the Magistrates and River Trus tees, on their annual tour, for inspecting the lights, light houses, and beacons, on the Clyde, were approaching Gree nock, a number of ship guns previously placed on the steam-boat quay, for the purpose of saluting the autho rities, were recklessly fired off just as the Locbgoil steamer was starting from the quay on her passage out. Some of the people on board were fortunate enough . to dodge the wadding as it f e ll on t h e d ec k o f th e Locbgoil, but one lady on the quarter deck had the silk cap on her head set on fire, as also a silk umbrella lying by her side on the seat, destroyed by burning wadding. The saluting at Greenock was under the superintendence of one of the harbour masters.---Glasgow Chronicle. THE CA PERCA ILZIE.-1 hIS bird, we learn from the sporting Magazine, is again likely to becom e once more a native of Scotland , as the Marquis of Bread. albane is now restoring them to tke pine-ferests of Bread albane, and with every success. Early in the spring o f last year Mr. Lloyd sent direct from Sweden twenty eight fine healthy birds, which arrived safe, and were placed in proper aviaries at Taymouth Castle, when an in cubation took place, and about thirty fine young birds wne brought up with trouble and care. Part of those brought up, and part of the Swedish emigrants, were turned out last autumn in a large pine forest, south from the castle, calls d Drummond-hill; and several broods of those so turned out have been seen this summer. The Noble Lord has also caused every gr a y hen's nest that was discovered this spring in the neighbourhood of Taymouth, to be robbed of her eggs, and the number filled up w i t h the eggs of the capercailzic. Ninety-six eggs were disp ose d of in this way, and not long sin ce , t h e head keeper flocked a gray hen with a flue brood of seven birds. They have also at this time a quantity o f t h r i ving young birds bringing up by band, which in a few months will be added to the number of those already hatched in the forest of Breadal bane, and thus eventually stock with the finest of feathered game the noblest of Scottish forests. EVENING EMTION. CRUELTY OF THE LA W CHURCH- The folio wing case, which we (Leicestershire Mercury) have received front a respectable Correspondent—is but one out of many instances of the grievous oppression of the poor by the myrmidons of the Church Establishment :-- Castle Donington, June 18, 1839. A few weeks back, the Vicar's churchwarden, accom panied by a constable, called upon a very poor woman and demanded 6d. fora Church-rate. The husband ha a jour neyman painter, who had been until recently out of employ for twenty weeks, and they had three children, and the woman is near her confinement again. She told them she had not sixpence in the world, nor did she know where to get it. They told her that unless it was paid that week or the next, she would be summoned along with all the rest who did not pay. The other day the constable called again —by what authority I know not—l suppose he was em ployed because his presence and manner of demanding might be more effectual. She told him she had it not in her power to pay, otherwise she would. He replied, " Unless you pay me in a day or two you will be sum moned, and you had better pay 6d. than 105.," meaning for expenses. The poor woman was much alarmee, and considering her situation, was much more so than per haps otherwise she might have been. Having no money or anything in the house for herself and children's saner, she prevailed upon a kind neighbour to lend her fourpence , with which she intended to purchase a little bacon for their dinners ; but being alarmed at the expression of the con stable, she searched the house over, and found a few bits of old iron, which she sold for twopence, and that, with the fourpe nce s h e h a d b orrowe d , s h e sent tot h e cons table to ply her rate, and neither s h e nor h er th ree children had a niorsel of dinner that day, and several times when the same pt'rson has called upon her for a poor- rate (be be ing employed to collect both), she has not had a morsel o f bread in the house for. herself and children, nor a penny t o purchase any. These are facts, and can be verified on oath, and I fe ar there are many others in this town equ a lly deplorable . What think you will the xlarquis of H as ti ngs sa y to this when he hears of it? And independent of the Marqui s, it may be fairly calculated that there are regular church -. goers in this place whose united fortunes cannot be com puted at less than 120,000/ —yet Lave not the honour or religion to pay for the repairs and expenditure of their_ own church, but plundering the last farthing--and part of that borrowed—from a poor and starving farn.ily, to ease their own pockets. Is this the way to maintain religion,. the religion of the State ? Oh, shame 1 shame 1 startl e I Well may there be so many Dissenters. METROPOLITAN POLITICA L SUMMARY. -. The Courier of last evening, speaking of Lord Brougham's. resolutions on Tuesday in the House of Lords respecting th e Irish Government, says :—" The resolutions in themselves are harmless enough, and will do little mischief on th e books. They are not the first silly compositions that have been inscribed there, and will probably not be the laS t • Such votes are utterly valuless, unless public opinion sus t ei tion them, and in the present i ns t ance t h e y' can d o mischie f only to their authors. They are a mere ma.nifestation of potent malignity, of a wish without a power to hurt. If t he Marquis of Normanby had really interfered with the course of justice in Ireland, or had really prostituted the prerogative of mercy to party ends, it is not by a string of maudlin resolutions that the House of L or ds ought to mark its sense of such treasonable conduct; in such a cas e there would be but one course for the House to pursue —that of immediately impeaching the traitor. But this they dare not do, for they know they have not even th e shadow of a case to carry into Court." The Globe thus alludes to Lord Brougham's speech the House of Lords on Tuesday :—" Lord Brougham ha shot his bolt. The Noble Lord has again, for the grat'"' cation of personal spleen, prompted by the ignoble pleas ure of private vengeance, become the mouthpiece of the Tee Peers. He has sought relief for the feverish restlessuel of his nature in a tissue of ingenious misrepresentations e, the administration of justice in Ireland under Lora Normanby's government, and in bitterly eloquent vituper, ration against him, and against th e Mi n i stry w hich. ha" rendered itself responsible for his acts—not merely by M I :, plication, but by direct approval. Ch eers f rom the V . ? Peers, among which the vo i ces o f L or d s R o d en an d 14. 11 ` 1 A . hurst were distinguishably l ou d, rewar d e d an d sustatne' their leader, who certainly laboured in their cause wit h I fervour of devotion at once gratifying to them, and expres sive of his desire to be identified henceforth with the Orange, faction, whose spirit he seems t o h ave caug ht, ari d bleade a with his own." The Standard praises Lord Brougham's speech on Toes' day in the Lords in the following terms : " The motion of Lord Brougham, last evening in the House o f Lord was of a character that entitles it to be long held in grater fur remembrance by every lover of the Constitution, b4l hi s political opinions what they may. Of the speech by which it way' introduced, it is scarcely possible for us to ex press ourselves in terms of exaggerated eulogium. It c ola ' bined all the usual characteristics of his Lordship's eloque nce with that calm, deliberate, and dispassionate digest of facts,. 00 indispensable to the due comprehension of a case involvi n g" an extensive chain of evidence. So overwhelming, indeett • does its effect appear to have been upon the unhaPPY P e o sons whose conduct it impugned, that they seem to , 11:y lost all decent self-po ssess i on on th e occasion; and of attempting to ans wer , i n d e t a il, the counts on whi c h" they were indicted, to have fallen into a state of complete paralysis ; the argumentum ad miserico"diun3 almost' being the only jive of defence they ventured to adopt." SHIPPING IN TEL LIGENC,E. (LLOYD'S.) FALMOUTH, AVG. 6.—Sailed, the Royal Tar, Lewis, for Vigo. Off port, the Pizarro, Slege, Monte Video. JERSEY, AUG. 4.—Arrived the St. Aubin, Priaulx, frogs 1 Archangel. BRISTOL, AUG. 6.—Arrived, the Nelson, from Quebec; Emerald, Thomas, Lisbon ; Splendid, Hesl o p, St. Pe' tersburgh. DEAL, AuG. 6.—Wind W. S. W.—Arrived, the GIV 18 " hopper, Bellinger, from the South Seas. Sailed, the muel, Smith, for Sydney, New South Wales. LIVERPOOL, Auo. 6.—Wind S. W.—Arrived, the Asia' Rr,binson, from Savannah, sailed 23d June ; New Ham! shire, New Orleans; Catherine, Prince Edward's Isla n d ' Sailed, the Flora, Leadbetter, for St. John's, New Brunt wick ; Tyrone, Gregory, Cadiz ; Rosania, Johnston, ga t. lifax ; Plumstead, Simm o n s , Li ma . Off port, the B . l _ cutta, Bombay ; D enn i son , A n ti gua; P ar k er , Demera7 PORTSMOUTH, A UGUST 6—Wi n d W .— A rr i ve d 1 1 . 31 ,- If f Nimrod. Jamaica, sailed June 16—Havannab 30. Port—James Pattison, Cromarty, Manilla. Sailed- --°°- bert Small, S co t t , C a l cutta ; Ceylon, Cox, Ilaa durits. Off Port—. Lex Lallskunde, Messina. PLYMOUTH, AUGUST 6—Wind N. W. FALMOUTH, AUGUST s. —Wind variable. Arrived the Talbot, Russell, from Swansea, with dame e having be in contact with a sc h ooner o ff St. Ives. g 2 SOUTHAMPTON. —Arrived the Harmonie, Matto• , - - Dantzic. Sailed—Flora Jampke, Malaga. tS • PORTLAND, A UGUST 6—Off Port--Galley, Hurr, Andrews, N. B. POOLE, AUGUS T 6.—A rr i ve d t h e Ponoma, Breoc r a Newfoundland. Sailed—Reaper, Rowe, Quebec. TUSKAR, AUG. 5.---Off Port, the Resolution, fres" Sierra Leone. DOVER, Auo. 6.—Arrived off, Helena, Blom, Bata'ill' NEWPORT, AUG. 6.—Arrived, the Premier, from Miramichi. Mildrulot MARYPORT, AUG. 6. —Off Port, Constitution, Quebec.., WHITEHAVEN, AUG. 6.—Arriv e d, th e Li g h t f oo t, Miteh Son, from Quebec. DUBLIN, AUG. s.—Arri ve d, th e T o lb et B ro b ee , 'Ou r* from Dram. Sailed, the Yau, for Demerara. CORK, AUG. 4.—Arrived, Isabella, Meredith, Quebec- LEITII, AUGUST 6. S a il e d th e P r i nce G eorge , M 'F ar. lane, for Quebec. HULL, AUGUST s.—Wind S.W.—Arrived the Rebecar Valiant, from Hamburg ; Jobling, St. Lambert, Arch' angel. Sai:ed the Themis, for Malaga. YARMOUTH, AUGUST s.—Arrived the Lord Durha ol, Davis, for Archangel. Sailed the San Joseph, Corunna. SHEERNESS, AUGUST s.—Arrived the Eos, R o utledge , , from Richebucto, after b e ing on shore at the entrance 0 1 the canal. GLOUCESTER, AUGUST 5.--Arrived the Bonne Maria, Bertrand, from Nantes. Sailed the Recovery, Shazotip for Quebec. KEP.-Aug. 7 COAL MAR. s. G. 8, d Adair's 23 Cluster .., south Hartley 0 0 Tanfield Moor ... 22 5 Walls End Hartlepool 213 2.1 g 22 West Tantield Walls End Gosforth Walls r'nd Heaton „,, 6 Walls End Hotspur Walls End Killingworth Wall End Walker 2l 0 Elsicar l6 0 Walls Endßraddyll'sHetton 23 0 Hartley . .., t 0 Wal's End Haswell Walls End Hetton 22 ti Walls End Devo ns hi re ...... 10 Ships arrived since last market-day 56. SECOND-HAND SILVER WATCH° A variety of some dozens may be selected from, p r ice 1 4; Guinea. each ; some rath er more modern, Two and a n Guineas each ; and an assortment quite equal to new, Tifo o l Guineas each. The w h o l e h ave been carefully examined, • are warranted. T. COX , Watchmaker, 47, Corshill, London ( Se SAVORY en doors frost Ora ° church-street). N.B. Second-hand Watches purchased in exchanSe' _....... PLATE SUITED FOR PRESgNTATION," O . A. B. SAVORY and SONS, Manufacturing Silversmiths , w i t 14, Cornhill, London, (opposite the Bank of Englani)9 s lyer for inspection in their shovr rooms, every variety o f S r I'late adapted for this purpose. Embossed and plain Salabel; Silver Tea Trays, Silver Centres, Epergnes, and Cand el s op Wine Coolers, Dinner Services, including Corner Dishes, 0.,, a Tureens, &e. ; Bread and Cake Baskets, Silver SailingreZay Racing Cups; Silver Inkstands from 101. to 401. always fo ot for selection. Drawings of any of the above articles are for the approval of committees to all parts of the kingdom BIRTHS. th° On the 7th inst., in Mellitmy terrace, Dorset-squar e, lady of William Fraser, Esq., of a daughter. lady of On the 6th ir.st., at Tamworth-lodg e , Mit c h am , the William Goad, jun., Esq., of a son. On the 6th inst., in Caftan-place, the lady of the Rel. Richard Ward, of a daughter. MARRIED. of On the 6th inst., at llammersmith, M r . Willi am Ilaan i d 'tet Marylebone-street, St. James's, to l'hcebe Jahe, eldest daug il of Thomas Thomas, Esq., of Sh(pherd's-bush. DIED. On the Ist inst., at Tunbridge-wells, Susanna, widow °f the late James Wood, Esq., of Sandwich, Kent, aged 69th. of On the 6th inst., Louisa, the wife of Henry Collier, A'' Eaton-square. o I,iindon : Printed and Published by 111URDO yri , jp No. 112, strand, at Th e ,C,fn Office, No. /12 0 , StL an the county of Middlesex.—Thursday, Au.tist - ,