The Sun. — London, England, 1839-08-27 00:00:00

MORNING EDITION. DRAIVIATIC_, ART AND LITERA- TURE. (From the Times.) An anonymous pamphlet has been recently pub lished on " The Past and Present State of Dramatic Art and Literature," the main object of which is to express regret at the decline of the English drama from its former glorious state, and to suggest measures, or rather a measure, for its restoration to its former honours. The pamphlet is ably and eloquently written, is the work of a man who has thought deeply on several points, and who is warmed with enthusiasm for his sub ject. However, we must confess we like the general reflections, and the historical details of his book, far better than those parts that are directed towards his main objects—namely, the proving the cause of the degradation of the drama, and the suggestion for its restoration to its pristine glories. To the existence of patents, to dramatic monopoly alone does our author attribute the gradual decline of the drama. He traces that decline through the reigns of successive" stars " at the patent theatres, and also the falling of public taste from the early time when the "play was the thing" through the successive phases of actor-worship, " point"-watching, and spectacle-hunt ing. He has compared the productions of the English dramatists during the first sixty i years --the time which elapsed from the first regular drama to the closing of the theatres by the Puritans— with those of the last 179 years, greatly to the disadvan tage of the latter ; and he has assigned as a cause of the early superiority the co-existence of a great number of theatres, at all of which dramas of the higher order could be performed, and which, therefore, offered a field for competition. Now, we do not think that our author has suffi ciently proved that the granting of patents to too houses exclusively was the cause, rather than a mere accompanying contingency, of the decline of the drama ; but, however, we will not pause to break a lance with him on this point, but rather proceed to his sequitur, that the abolition of the patents will operate as a reviver of the highest class of dramatic writing. We much doubt this salutary consequence. Remove what legal im pediments you will, open theatres without number, still they will not stand in their former unrivalled position. They will have to contend, as at present, with cheap periodicals, cheap steam-packets, cigar divans, literary institutions (all of which afford amusement at a cheaper rate than can possibly be afforded by the stage), music in the domestic circle, late dinners, suburban residences, with a host of et cetera which might be easily enu merated, but to none of which reference is made in the Pamphlet. lOur author may answer, that the theatres have hitherto been shackled, have not been put in a fair position to fight their battle against all those petty 1 evils ; but that the patents being removed, the conse quent improvement of dramatic entertainments will be so great, and give such a new impetus to the public, that all present obstacles will give way. To this an swer we would reply by a fact. The Surrey, the Vic toria, the Pavilion, the Garrick, and Sadler's Wells Theatres are all placed in the centre of numerous po pulations, and some of them are successful in the highest degree. The managers of these houses are in the constant habit of performing Shakspeare's plays, and as no law is enforced against them for so doing, they may be considered sufficiently qualified for the purposes of experiment. Now, these theatres have not been the birthplacesofanyextraordinarydramatic productions, the main object of removing the patents is the opening of theatres in 'Various districts ; here are theatres already open, commanding nearly every suburb of Lon don, and not a single piece beyond mediocrity produced at any one of them.* If the managers cannot afford to Pay writers of the first class, we do not see that the abolition of patents w ill give them any increase of capi tal ; if the public cannot appreciate high works (unless forced to like them by the national reverence paid to Shakspeare's name), the point is settled. It can hardly be necessary to disturb the patents for the purpose of erecting additional " legitimate " theatres in a place eomparatively so confined as the city of Westminster. Tw o houses must surely be enough to preserve a whole some competition within the limits of that city ; and we can hardly expect two series of managers so perverse, so combining in their perverseness, as to deny a public the higher intellectual food which they claim, and for which they promise a golden reward. Are we, then, predicting that the high drama will never revive ? We predict nothing. Time may work all sorts of changes, but we cannot see any magical effects that could follow an abolition of the patents. We can scarcely help regretting our difference of opinion with the author as to the essential point of a book we have perused with so much pleasure, and in which the general.view of the drama, its advantages, and objects, are so excellent and enlightened. The views in the following extract are exceedingly just, and perfectly in accordance with our own opinions —opinions which our readers may have seen more than once in our columns : " They (managers) have had no idea of the province of the imaginative power, and have been for either over -I.4gYing-it vritt the assistance of realities, or o pp os i ng it by tatroducinee'ontradictory circumstances. The introduc tion even 'of scenery and costume requires a most delicate hand to prevent their too rudely overpowering the ima ginative mood ; and the violence of giving real things, such as horses and other animals, or a real mob, real watchmen, real water, destroys, all illusion. The imagination is disturbed by such dose approximation to facts ; and it is an endless and hopeless task to en deavour to dupe the senses and the understanding by a direct appeal to them. If they may for a moment be deluded by the laborious efforts of the carpenter or the property-magi, the attention is withdrawn by the slightest cause. Not so when the spell is raised by, and appeals to, the imagination ; then incongruities of the grossest kind pass unheeded. The Thane of Glamis may be habited in " plush breeches and a floured Wig'—Ophelia may be acted by a boy—the Prince in a east suit of Lord Southampton's ; then may a " Cockpit hold " The vasty fields of Franco ; and they may cram " Within their wooden 0, the very casques " That did affright the air at Agincourt ; ' letting ' imaginary forces work.' Imagination has then drawn her circle round herhearers, and, creating a mental world, h o ld s them fast, spell-bound ' by her "so potent art," At her will time collapses, space is dissolved, place appears; her creation is such stuff as " dreams are made of," and s e equ a ll y wantonly, and equally powerfully transports whether she pleases ; we hold by her mantle, and skim o'er earth or sea—bright city, or thick-woven forest —to the battle or the revel, from earth to heaven, from heaven to earth, till the vision fades from us, or some rude reality wakes us to fact. " It is from an ignorance of what constitutes the es sential requisites of dramatic illusion that the contest concerning the unities arises. One of the conditions on which effect is produced by imagination is, that reality is not too grossly to oppose her. She can sup pose much, but genius can alone decide what sip: will suppose. Those who contend for the unities are gene rally the unimaginative, who want everythinz reduced as near as possible to reality. The meaner part of such men's judgment, or faculty of comparing small cir cumstances, is the most active portion of their intellect, and they arc looking out for bare facts. With such the unities are indispensable ; as also to the dramatist, who is obliged to eke out his imaginative p owers b y h av i ng recourse to a m ere copying of reality. To the dramatic genius the unities are nothing ; for he prevents your perceiving the want of them. The work is imagina tively homogeneous without them, and the series of events complete. " We have been led into this dissertation to sustain our assertion, that it is by the predominance of the ima gination that the drama must triumph. All extrinsic aids, except most delicately and judiciously applied, en cumber and overpower it. If proof of this is needed, the fact that the finest dramas have been produced in the meanest theatres is sufficient substantiation. And here N ee may remark that it is fortunate that the imaginative Power of the poet is much less expensive than the rea lities endeavoured to be substituted by the painter, the mechanist, and the tailor." These are excellent views, clearly and forcibly ex pressed. ne extract is a fair specimen of the work, and, if space permitted, we might adduce others of equal merit relativ e to fanatical objections against the drama— to the orded stigma ts cast on th e hi str i on i c profession by harshly wAc of Parliament —and various subjects of the kind. In Conclusion, we are bound to say, that though se differ from the author thoroughly as to his hopes for the amelioration of the stage by the abolitio n of patents, we have rarely met more sound opinions and more varied information, so well expressed in the small compass o 30 pages. Why, at any rate, are not first-rate pieces roduced in three acts—two—one? Many of our old English dramas arc undivided into acts, and no one would dream of interfering with pieces not in five acts. ORDINATION AT lIIGHBURY.---011 Wednes day last the Rev. S. Martin. late student of the Academy under th e di rect i on o f the Louden Missionary Society, was ordained to the pastoral office over the Independent Church assembling at Ilighbury Chapel, Grosvenor_ street, Cheltenham. REPRESENTATION OF SOUTH CHESHIRE. This day ( Saturday) a requisition will be presented to John Tollemache, Esq., of Tilstonc Lodge, near Tar "deY, requesting him to contest this division of Cheshire at the next election, whenever that may occur; and we have access to know that Mr. Tollemache means to return a favourable reply to this proposition. Again, we have reaso n to believe that this gentleman intends to come for ward on the principles avowed by Sir Robert Peel when he last became Premier, combined with such an infusion of Whiggism as is prolessed by Lord Stanley ; that is t o Sa y, just as much Toryism as will please the Tories, and as much Whiggism as will content the Whigs.—Manchester Times. S HEET'-STEAL ING .—Nr o less than ten sheep stelanadl ers were a p pre h ended last week in the parish o f R oc k- St' Peter; and what makes the fact more extraordi- Bo l 'arY is, that the - kr e teen moving i n a respectable sphere re e, be;ng'farnrers. In one in _ stance twelve stolen sheep found on the prisoners' premises.—Norjblk Chron. THE BIRMINGHAM RAILWAY. The other day, returning from Leamington to Lon don, via the London and Birmingham Railway from Coventry, I was much annoyed on my arrival at Coven try, with my family of 1.5 persons, to find that my car riage could not go up by that train. I was coolly told —" There is no truck for you, Sir, and you must wait for another train, say half-past twelve or two. I in quired the meaning of this. They said they did not know ; there were two carriages on, and I could not go. No w , I ma d e a po i nt of being in time, having ar rived at half-past eight for the train which was to start at a quarter before nine. I remonstrated with the ma nager at Coventry, and fora longtime couldget no redress. In the meantime, anothergentleman arrived in his carriage. I told him we should be similarly situated, as they would not take us up by this train. He was also surprised and annoyed, but said he should go back again, as the same thing had happened to him the day before, and after waiting a long time trains arrived but no trucks, I and supposing the same thing would happen again, and as it was raining very fast, and he had come a long way, he should return, which he did. I, however, remon strated with the superintendent on the shameful want of accommodation for the public, and threatened to repre sent it in the highest quarter I. could. After some time had elapsed, it - was agreed to bring forward a waggon truck, and by shifting a smaller carriage on that to allow mine to be placed on the regular truck, and thanks to Superintendent Bickly, I got up to town by that train ; but, Sir, is it right that the public should be ex posed to this, among the many evils I perceive growing out of these gigantic monopolies! The cashier's remark to me was, " that I ought to have sent from Leamington the day before (ten miles distant) to secure a truck." To this I replied, that as the company will not let me secure my places for my family, I could not expect they would book my carriage. Now, I took the precaution to send over the day before to inquire whether I could get up by that train, and the hour I ought to be there, and I was told I could, and I ought to be there by a quar ter to nine. So I made a point of being there at half-past eight. Notuithstanding all this precaution, had I net made a considerable stir (however unpleasant to my own feelings), I should probably have remained at the Coventry station,for the day. Surely Govern-, ment ought to look into these matters ; and I do trust that the Marquis of Westminster will, according to pro mise, propose some searching committee to protect the public from the abuse of these monopolies. I will just mention one or two more circumstances that fre quently occur, and which , by a little a tt en ti on on th e p ar t of the managers, might be avoided. Frequently on the stopping of a train- at a station, the engines are stopped close to the windows of the opposite train, and during this time these boilers are allowed to play off their steam, which causes so frightful a noise as easily to bring on illness with a nervous person. These engines might easily be sent 200 or 300 yards until the trains are ready, and not to terrify the pa.ssengcrs for five minutes and more, to so great an extent as I have been witness to frequently. The second point, although a minor one, is the great want of attention on the part of some one when the train arrives, and stops for ten minutes at Wolverton, where ladies have wished to alight from their carriages which are of necessity perched upon a truck ; but no one can be found with a ladder until it is generally time to start off again, when, on hearing the bell ringing and the steam puffing off, the poor ladies are seen running about in ail directions, almost frightened . out of their lives of being left behind. Now, Sir, when you consider the infamous charges of this mode of travelling (and which, by-the-by, was ' to save the public millions by its cheapness), I do think we ought not to be subject to so many unpleasant oc currences. While on the subject of charge, I will only state that in Belgium you travel 75 mil e s f o r fi ve francs, or 4s. 2d. as fi xe d by' Government ; here yo u travel the same distance for 21.s.—Letter in the Times. CHARTIST LETTER, ADDRESSED FROM DURHAM GAOL TO THE VIEWER OF THORNLEY COLLIERY. DURHAM GAOL. Mr. SEYMOUR —Sir—When calm moments overtake us, we certainly see the error that we have committed in not obeying your orders. We, like all other foolish men, were led into a great snare, and to get out of it will lie wholly upon yourself ; if acknowledging our faults we do it with every sincereness, and humbly beg your pardon. We did not cease work for the sake of doing our employers any injury ; but for fear of the future, that is, to be ill-treat by the disaffected ; but the horrors of this place will bring every the most hardened to their senses. We therefore trust and pray that as we.have done wrong, you won't play upon our feelings, but immediately liberate us from the dreadful situation that we are in. If, Sir, you think that reading out letter to the men will have any effect upon them, you have our decided approbation—the sooner the better ; but please take us from here, and we promise to do everything that consistency can lay claim to. 13y so doing, Sir, You will much oblige your unfortunate servants, (Signed) JOSEPH SMITH. JOHN REDFERN, JOSEPH CRAIG his WELLS DC STEEL mark —Gateshead Observer. TRADE IN OPIUM. An Account of the income derived by the Hon. East India Company from the sale of Opium in the following years, extracted from their +• Annual Revenue Accounts," printed by order of the House of Commons—No. 235 in 1835, No. 380 in 1836, No. 51 in 1837, and No. 123 in 1839. BENGAL PRESIDENCY. Sicca Rupees. 31 1831-32 1832 33 1833 34 1834 35 1835-36 1836-37* 7.70.16 372 COSTS AND CHARGES. SiCC4 Rupees. 1830-31 31.99.642 1831-32 27.90.018 1832.33 38.43.579 1 X 33.34 37.02.573 1834.35 44.10.803 1835 36 45.20.405 1836.37'* 2.24 67.020 BOMBAY PRESIDENCY. SALE OF OPIUM PASSES AND OPIUM. Sicca Rupees. 1830-31 1831-22 1632-33 ... l4 07.413 1833-34 1834-35 1835 36 1836.37 1.28.11.951 CHARGES GE COLLECTING. Sicca Rupees. 1830 31 ... 1831-32 ... 1832-33 ... 1833-34 ... 1834.35 ... 1835-36 .. 1836 37 ... 26.537 3 92.068 3.84.564 3.11.092 2.00.367 6.69.757 5.45.49.552, or £5.454-955 Add Total 19.84.385 1. 08. 27.566, or 1,082,756 MEMORANDUM. 6,537,711 1,234,851 ... £7,772,562 The quantity of opium imported into China in 1537 38, according to the return of the Canton General Chamber of Commerce, was— Chests. Dollars. Patna 14,116 value 7,777,916 Benares 3,638 1,731,688 Malwa 25,645 13,504,630 Worth, at 4s. 61. per dollar, 2,700 926/. Sicca Rupees. a The estimate for this year is 1.76 63 625 Less charges 53.15.110 Which will give. 1.23.48 515 or X 1,234,851 NON-PUBLICATION OF THE NORTHERN STAR. —We understand that Mr. Jesse Ainsworth and Mr. Holliday, of Oldham, the two sureties at the Stamp Office for th e N orthern Star, have this week given notice to :11r.1r. Fearg us O'C onnor, proprietor of that paper, of their in tention to 'withdraw th e i r suret i es. Si nce then we have learned that Star has been receivel, in which a note is inserted to the effect, that the number intended for Saturday, August 24, explained hereafter. A " a fi fth edition" of last Saturday's Northern (to-day) cannot be published for reasons which will be Hobson, thepublisherc'rcular has been issued by Mr. . is a copy :-- Le, uffust 22, . " Sir--An inf amous conspi"racyeds has A succeeded in 1839 pro curing the withdrawal of 111 r. O'Connor's sureties in the Stamp Offiee l without g i v i ng him any notice. We just discovered it in time to prevent the stoppage of the wholc week's issue, by altering the date and form. In its present shape it is perfectly legal, but must not be sold till Satur day ; though y!ni may get partof your or d er b efore the usual time.—New sureties will be perf ec t e d f or our next. It was a deep trick, but it has failed. " your;. J. Hensoy, Publisher. Northern Star 011 - 1 L c, Thursday Noon."—illanchester Times. 1830- THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY, AUGUST 27, 1839. THE COAL TRADE The preparations now in progress in the inland coun ties, for a deadly struggle with the northern coalowners, are of a nature too serious to be disregarded. A depu tation from Staffordshire had two interviews with the Lord Mayor of London last week ; and during one of them, a sample of the inland coal was burning in the grates of the Mansion House. The parties present, (and there were many lookers on,) one and all approved of the sample ; and the gentlemen of the deputation expressed the determination of the parties whom they represented, to supply the London consumer with any quantity of the article at 225. 6d. per ton. We know that there exists a prejudice—to some ex tent, probably, well-founded—against the inland coal. We know that " white ashes" are great eye-sores to the good housewives of the North, and that many of the inland collieries produce a " white-ash"-creating coal. But these prejudices are fast giving way to the neces sities of the times--men, (aye, and women too,) hav ing limits to their housekeeping indulgences, and gradually discovering that " white ashes" are incon veniences much more endurable than heavy prices. Be sides, for how many other purposes than mere house keeping is coal continually wanted ? The thousands of manufactories and steam-engines which the trade of the metropolis sets in motion, have no squeamishness as to the whiteness of the ashes ; but, on the csntrary, in many cases, require precisely such a quality of coal as your exemplary housekeepers would reject. If we look at France, we find prejudices much more strong yielding to the pressure on the purse. In the dwelling places of our neighbours across the channel, coal was always an abomination of the most hateful kind, until the dearness of wood, and the cheapness of coal, furnished arguments incontrovertible in its favour. Our coalowners and their friends must not flatter them selves, therefore, that the " good housekeepers" of the Tyne and Wear, as the better description of coals are called, can maintain their pre-eminence, except by fair and liberal competition with rival collieries. The pocket, not the furniture, is the great regulator and comptroller of the coal-cellar ; and the combinators of the North may be assured from us, that the one may be touched with much greater impunity than the other, —Gateshead Observer. THE HERRING FISHERY. CELLARDYKE HERRING FISHERY. — WEDNESDAY, Ave. 21.—When we sent off our last report, only a few boats had come into the harbour this morning, and although these were well fished, they were not to be compared with those which afterwards arrived in the course of the forenoon. Some of the larger boats had between 80 and 90 crans on board, and the fishing being general, the average take this morning was no less than 40 crans. The price obtained by the early boats was Bs. 6d., but it fell in the course of the day, as the heavy masses of fish poured in, to Gs. per cran. This has been by far the best day's fishing at the station. To give an idea of its extent, we may state that the number of boats employed being 130, and the average quantity taken being 40 crans, it follows that the amount of this day's fishing alone is 5,200 crans ; of which 3,000 were landed at Anstruther and Cellardyke, and the rest at the neighbouring towns. Our general average for the season is now 170 crans each boat. We wish we could close our report for the day with favourable tidings only ; but we regret to have to state that eight or ten boats, belonging to Pitten weem or St. Monance, went off in the forenoon to the Traith, and, contrary to the regulations of every well governed fishery, anchored their nets on the ground, to the great hurt and prejudice of the general body of fishermen, who complain loudly of the evil, and to the injury of the community at large ; and what have been the consequences ?—just such as might have been expected. In the first place, the boats which went out to the float drave in the evening—the only fair and proper mode of fishing—have come in with their nets torn to pieces on their neighbour's anchors, and rendered useless for the season ; and secondly, the herrings have been disturbed—forced from their present position—and compelled to leave the ground which they formerly occupied. We hope they have not left for good ; but no animal will remain amongst its dead, and the herrings, in the meantime, have proceeded towards the mouth of the Frith, such as were caught next morning being got off Crail. The local magistrates and Procurator Fiscal, by proclamations and otherwise, have done their endeavours to prevent these unwarrantable proceedings ; but unless the higher powers interpose and adopt immediate and decisive measures to stop the evil, we fjar this fishing, which otherwise might be successfully prosecuted for some time, which is one of the greatest blessings the community can receive, and which a kind Providence has been graciously pleased to place almost within our grasp, must be abandoned, and an inestimable treasure allowed to float past —nay, ac tually be driven from our shores by a few reckless indi viduals, in place of being destined to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, and impart comfort and prospe rity to a peaceful, industrious, and extensive population, for many days to come. THURSDAY, AUG. 22.—Owing to a few poacher boats from the westward having grounded their nets yes terday near Pittenweem, and disturbed the herrings with their anchors by day-light-lowers, in place of pursuing the fair and legitimate mode of fishing by floating, the take was not nearly so great as yesterday, but yet seve ral boats had good shots off Crail, about four miles dis tant from the Foiled traith. Some came in to-day with sixty crans ; but the fishing not being so general, the price rose from 65. to 9s. per cran. FRIDAY, AUG. 2:3.—The fishing ground is now off (trail, and there is a decided improvement in the fishing this morning. It is more general, and heavy shots have been got. When we write, the boats have not all come in ; but several have arrived with thirty-five and forty crises, and others arc observed working up to An struther deeply laden. The price at present is Bs. per cran, though it is likely to decline in the course of the morning. Great inconvenience is experienced for want of a sufficient number of women to gut and pack herrings. BRISTOL, AUGUST 24.—The Great Western left King-road this evening at seven o'clock, on her coy_ age to New York ; she has every berth on board of her filled, carrying with her 11l passengers, a full cargo of silks and other manufactured goods, and a large number of letters. The Methodist New Connexion held a camp meeting at the high end of Milburne-place, North Shields on Sunday last. The services, b , Ali in the chapel and m t of doors, were of a very interesting character, and then: were a great number of persons present, who all behaved with perfect propriety, and there is reason to believe that some of the preachers made impressions upon their hearers that will not soon be forgotten. CRIMINALS NOT ACCORDING TO LAW..• All old bachelors, of a reasonable income, above fee ty. A 1 young men who have married old women. All Oki men who hare got young wives. All those who have helped to make the national debt what it is.—Leigh Hunt. The sentence of death which was ordered to he recorded against Isaac Dalby, at the late Gloucester assizes, for the attempted murder of Louisa Latham, at Rodborough, has been commuted to two years' hard labour in the Penitentiary House of this county.—Cheltenham Examiner. NORWICH CHARTISTS AND TIIE BISHOP.— In accordance with a resolution previously passed, the Chartists of Norwich proceeded on Sunday last to the Cathedral, which was crowded almost to suffocation. The Bishop, who preached, took the opportunity to deliver a most impressive remonstrance on the folly and danger of their proceedings. He knew, he said, many of those whom he addressed were in want, and as a Christian, a fellow countryman, and a brother, he felt for their condition • but the vile schemes which it was pretended would better their condition, would, if accomplished, render their distress a hundred-fold greater than at present., Eng land must manufacture as cheaply as other countries to meet them in the general market, and on this diffi cult subject, requiring the nicest calculations, should they disregard the counsels of the wise at the dicta tion of hot-headed and evil-minded leaders ? His Lord ship then adverted to the manufacturing establishments in Norwich, one of which alone, he understood, caused nearly 20,000/. to be spent chiefly in wages, and employed above 1,000 persons. Would they bette the condition of the poor by causing these establishment to be shut up, and stopping the wages of the persons em ploycd in them ? It had always been the order of Provi dance that there should be rich and poor, and contentmen in his station was the duty of every man. "My hearers,' said the venerable Bishop, " I have lived the greater part of my life amongst the poor. I have been, as in duty bound, their conscientious and honest friend, ever anxious to support the rights and advocate the liberties of the people, both in public and private, through evil and through good report, defending them against what I have thought oppression. I have always felt for their distress, and en deavoured to remove it : but I will not for a little popu larity conceal my opinions of the imprudence of your course. I will, when I think it right, speak out my feelings as to the folly and danger of the course you are pursuing in following the advice of men who have advised you to arm yourselves. And for what? To bring down upon you the punishments of the civil power, and the judgment of a righteous God. "—Chelmsford Chronicle. FRIGIITENED TO DEATII.—We had to record in our last number two eases of death, produced by terror of the Chartists. Both the sufferers were females. Be. sides which, we have been informed that the Magis trates of Durham have undertaken the expense of pre paring barracks in the suburbs of the city for the accommodation of a body of military, which they deem absolutely necessary for protecting them against the phy sical-force men. Our correspondent in Durham assures us, that large quantities of soldiers' bedding and ordnance stores arc expected this week from London for the Magis trates' barracks. We think our correspondent must be misinformed. If all these vagaries are to be allowed, we shall be saddled, by and bye, with a pretty considerable county-rate to pay for them. —Gateshead Observer. VULPINE SAGACITY. —Last week a very re markable instance of sagacity and sympathetic feeling in a fox occurred at Etal. A young fox, recently captured, had been fastened in Lord Fitzclarenee's stable-yard by a strap attached to a collar round its neck. Another fox, which had found its way into the 3ard from its native haunts, w as observed by the servants t o b e p l ay i ng w i t h the captive, and shortly after both were found to have made their escape, On examination it was found that the strange fox had bitten through the nirap attached to the collar of the other, hand us liberated it.--- T Berwteh Warder. MR. FEARGUS O'CONNOR (The following letter has been received in town from Mr. O'Connor) : " Leeds, Aug. 25, 1839. Sin--I yesterday travelled 175 miles on my way to the Convention of the 26th, when, on my arrival here, I learned, firstly, that five true bills had been found against me by the Grand Jury of the Liverpool Assizes, and, secondly, that one of the deepest and blackest conspiracies ever concocted against man was just ready to explode, and both of which I am compelled to face. Such must plead my apology for absence for a day or two. Now, Sir, give me leave to inform you, that since I left London on the 12th of August, I have addressed the people of seven counties in Scotland, and the men of Carlisle ; at each and every one of which places there was a crowded and enthusiastic meeting ; all passed resolution s of confidence in the Convention ; and I can solemnly declare, in defiance of the Whig and Tory Press, that where there was one milk and water Radical in Scotland eight months ago, there are now fifty determined Radicals. I never saw anything like the resolution. O'Brien's visit did much good ; he is a great and a deserving favourite. The one thing needed now is union in the Convention, and union among the people will surely follow ; but when the least sqQabble takes place, they get disgusted. All over the country they are making preparations to recruit the Convention, and never will allow it to die. Union and no surrender should be our motto. Praying that God may bless the Convention and scatter its enemies, I am faithfully yours, FEARGUS O'CONNOR." INDICTMENTS AGAINST CHARTISTS, AT LIVERPOOL ASSIZES.—About half-past six o'clock on Thursday evening, the G ran d Jury entered the Nisi Prius Court (Sir J. C o lt man , w h o presided at the C rown C ourt, having l e f t ), an d returned bills against F eargus O'Con nor, Bronterre O'Brien, Reginald J. Richardson, James Wheeler, Christopher Dean, W. V. Jackson, W. Ben bow, W. Tillman, G. H. Smith, W. Butterworth, John Hart, William Wilson, W. Simpson, James Hobson, Isaac Wood, Benjamin Fitton, James Mellor, William Ashton, Joseph Booth, Joshua Stowell, John Durham, Timothy Higgins, Thomas Bird, Richard Walker, Jas. Mitchell, John Swire, Joseph Bromley, William Pate field, Richard nankin, John- Rawson, and Wm. Priest, for misdemeanors.. Bills have also been found against seventeen others for drilling, and .for . being in possession of arms for seditious purposes. The total number of persons against whom bills hate been found for attend ing Chartist meetings, being in possession of arms, dril ling, &c., is 48, These are for offences committed in iSlanehestte, or the immediate neighbourhood. IMPROPER CONDUCT OF THE BANK. By the return of the 11th of December last it ap- pears that the average amount of securities held by the Bank for the preceding three months was 20,707,000/. ; and the average stock of bullion for the same period was 9,362,0001. From that time to the present moment there has been a regular and steady increase in the securities, and as regular and steady decrease in the bullion, till at length, by the present return of the 20th of August, the securites have increased to 25,588,0001., and the bullion has decreased to 3,265,000/., and therefore it is manifest that against 6,097,0001. of notes sent in and cancelled for bullion, the Bank re-issued 4,881,000/. on securities. Now, look at the conduct of the Bank Directors between August, 1838, and December of the same year, because this was somewhat different. It was well known in August last that the crop of corn was deficient, and that there was no stock of old corn in the country. Of the truth of this the Bank Directors seemed also themselves to have been per suaded, and to have shaped their course accordingly by gradually diminishing the amount of their engagements, and so th a t th e i r sec urities, which for the three months ending the 21st of August, 1838, stood at 22,747,0001. were gradually reduced, till at length, in December of the same year, they stood at only 20,707,000/. And the prudence and wisdom of this conduct then became manifest ; for though, during the period from August to December, there had been , a very large importation of foreign corn, yet the reduction in the stock of bullion only amounted to about 400,0001., and indeed, by the return of the month of December, it appeared that, as compared with September, there was even an increase of 69,0001. And therefore it is evident, that up to the month of December the greater part of the corn imported had been paid for by the means of British manufactures. But the Bank Directors, tired of a state of things which by limiting their securities diminished their pro fits, suddenly changed their conduct, and not only re sumed the practice which they had long discontinued, of making advances on Exchequer Bills, and all manner of approved securities, but they also actu a lly b oug ht Exchequer Bills and tock in the market for the account of the Bank. They continued the same practice of making advances on Exchequer Bills, &c., during the shutting for the April quarter. Th.s - nonsequoee at' these proceedings was, that corn rose immediately, and that the advance in the price of cotton, in the space of about three months, was nearly 30 per cent., and then it followed that, by the rise in the price of corn, more bullion was required to pay for what we imported, and by the rise in the price of cotton a check was given to our exportation of manu factures. And so that, finally, we had to pay for all the corn we imported after December in bullion, where as if the Bank had not interfered in the same manner, that the greater part of the corn imported to the end of the year 1838 had been , paid for by manufactures, would the importations after that period also have been paid for by manufactures. And, therefore, it is clear as light that the present state of things, and all the mischief that has happened, is to be attributed entirely to the conduct of the Bank Directors. As regards the entire paper currency of England and Wales, that is what may be said on the matter : By the return in the Gazelle of the 2d inst , it appears that the average of the country circulation for the three months ending the 30th of June last, was And the average amount of the circulation and deposits of the Pant( of England for the three months ending the 25th of June, was £37,943,818 This was, then, the total amount of paper money in England and Wales for the three months ending in June of the present year. On the other hand, the average of the country circulation for the three months ending the 29th of June, 1838, was... X 11,745,503 And the average amount of the circula tion and deposits of the Bank of England for the three months ending the 26th of June, 1838, was 9, 4 7 , 0 0 X 41,218,503 And, therefore, by comparing the three months ending June, 1838, with the three months ending in June of the present year, it should seem that there is a decrease of 3,274,685/. in the total quantity of paper-moriey in England and Wales ; but in reality there is an increase, for it must be recollected that in so far as the paper rests on bullion, this is precisely the same thing as if the bullion itself circulated, and to all this extent, there fore, we must abstract from the quantity of paper. Now, the quantity of bullion in the coffers of the Bank for the three months ending the 26th of June, 1836, was 9,722,0001., which, deducted from 41,218,5031., leaves 31,496,503/. for the quantity of paper money in England and Wales, which had no foundation in the precious metals. On the other tide, the bullion in the coffers of the Bank for the three months ending in June of the pre sent year, was 4,344,000/. which, deducted from 37,943,8181. leaves 33,599,81 81 . for the quantity of paper-money in England and Wales, which has no foundation in the precious metals. And therefore there is an increase in the quantity of paper-money ; and if we bring the comparison down to the present time, the case will appear still stronger. As it is pretty certain, we believe, th a t there has been no considerable varia tion in the country circulation since the last return of the 2d of August, we shall not greatly err in putting it down at the same amount of 12,275,818 The circulation and deposits of the Bank of England by the last return, amount to 25,998,000 Deduct for bullion ........................ £38,273,818 8,265,000 , 031., i t is e v id ent t h at Remains £35,008,818 And therefore the q uantity of pape r money i n the present month of August which has n o f oundation in the rn precious June, metals lB3 s , wasbeing o 31,496,a there is the enormous increase of 3,512,3151. in the quantity of paper money. Now, this is the true way t o consider the m a tt er , for as by the Act which makes Bank o f E ng l an d notes a legal tender, the private bank ers an d 0 ., the pro joint-stock banks are relieved fr om t h e necessity of paying their notes in specie,specie,so it i s ev id ent that the entir e p a pe r currency' of England an d W ales has no other foundation in bullion than th e quantity which exists in the coffers of the. Bank of E ng l and. And then 3 8373 i t , 8 itrulyBl., whilecom etshetobutlili!iosn, isth3a,t26tshe paper being , 00/ portio n which the bullion bears to the paper is about Is. Bd. in the pound. A pretty state o f t hi ngs. Th i s comes of making Bank of England notes a legal tender. Precious quackery !—Times. The female Chartists of Cheltenham, determined upon following the example set them by the males, ho noured the parish church with their presence on Sunday morning. IRELAND. S HE CHARTISTS IN DUBLIN.—At a meeting of the Chartists, held at the London Tavern, Henry-street, Dublin, they were again defeated ; mainly by Mr. Arkins, who moved, by way of amendment, Mr. Thomas Dillon into the Chair. Mr. Clancy, a Chartist, having previously moved Mr. Martha into the Presidency. Mr. Arkins denounced these Chartists as a set of plun dering knaves in leagu e with the Tories. Mr. Ray then moved that Mr. Dillo n do leave the Chair, and that Mr. Arkins be called thereto. The usual vote of thanks was then given, and the meeting separated with three cheers for the Queen. The Chartist Delegates are threatened with similar treatment in the provinces. The subjoined intelligence is copied from the Dublin Evening Post of last Saturday ORANGE WRECKING IN THE NORTH. --Lord Ro den's arrival in the North has been celebrated by an address from the Orangemen of Newry, and by the wrecking of a National School House in Druencree, near Portadown, where the Catholic Chapel also was nearly demolished by the Orangemen a few weeks since. The Newry Examiner of this day contains the particulars of those atrocious outrages. The same journal contains an account of an Orange procession in the parish of Clogher. TITHES.—ARREST OF A PARSON.—The statement of the arrest of the Rev. Richard Fleury, for non-pay ment of tithes, which appeared some days ago, and which was looked upon as a joke, turns out to be per fectly true. The Rev. recusant has been, it appears, one of our friend Mr. Bagge's best customers in the Court of Exchequer ; but, such is the mutability of every thing human, that Mr. Fleury himself has been placed in durance, under process issued by an other member of the short robe. One of the most curious features of this extraordinary case is the fact that the plaintiff in the suit is a Catholic tithe proprietor, Mr. Kearney, of Gracedieu, near Waterford. The Tories of the district are in a terrible rage because an Incum bent of the Establishment should be lodged in gaol by a Popish tithe-owner, and Mr. Kearney has been de nounced in all forms. If it was a Catholic Priest who had been put in gaol, great would be the glorification of the faction : but it is quite another thing to imprison a Protestant Parson, who should be the recipient, but never the payer, of tithes. Mr. Kearney has deemed it necessary to publish a letter, explaining the circumstances, from which it appears —we quote the Waterford Chronicle—" Ist. That Mr. Kearney was forbearing and patient with respect to the defaulter, Mr. Fleury. 2dly. That Mr. Kearney extended to Mr. Fleury every possible indulgence, even after having pared down the demand to the most slender proportions possible. Thirdly, That Mr. Fleury, by his contuma cious opposition, absolutely compelled his lithe lord, nolens volens, to enter the lists, and endeavour to enforce by the statute that which he could not otherwise pro cure ; and as an inevitable corollary that his Roman Catholic tithe owner has acted far•and-away more leniently towards the Rev. Richard Fleury than the Rev. Richard Fleury has acted towards his Roman Catholic parishioners—and that it were well if Parsons Ryder, Beresford, et hoc genus (mile, would reflect well upon Mr. Kearney's conduct, before they again go forth in the pomp and circumstance of war." Let the Parsons proceed at this rate, and they will soon find that the Bill of last Session has been but a very temporary settlement of the tithe question. STATE OF THE CROPS.--It would still be premature to venture upon any calculations as to the returns of the harvest, because the weather for the next week or two may produce the most important effects, both as regards the quantity and quality of the grain. The weather yesterday, fer instance, being wet and warm, was considered very unfavourable to wheat in its pre sent condition. Fine dry weather for the next fort night is required to ripen that grain, and prepare it for the sickle. From the information that has reached us from va rious parts of the country, and, balaccing the accounts, in order to arrive at something like a correct estimate, we are inclined to think that, even if we should be blessed with favourable weather, the wheat crop will be at least one-fourth short of an average. If the weather should prove unfavourable, the deficiency would, of course, be much greater. The potato crop promises well ; and fine weather would ensure an excellent produce. THREE O'CLOCK.—The weather about Dublin, we regret to state, still continues unfavourable. The ac counts from the country this morning are, upon the whole, satisfactory. METROPOLITAN POLICE.—The Metropolitan Police were inspected yesterday, at half-past five o'clock, in the Upper Castle-yard, by his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant. His Excellency expressed himself much gratified at the very efficient appearance of the Metro politan Police, and this must have been the opinion of all who were present at the inspection. PorLlN.—The Viscountess Courtenay, sister to his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant, during her short visit at Dublin Castle, made large purchases of poplins —now so very fashionable both in England and on the Continent. TIIE LORD LIEUTENANT'S VISIT TO WATERFORD. —We are authorised to state that his Excellency Lord Ebrington will arrive in this City on the 2d of Septem ber, on his way to his romantic marine sejour in this neighbourhood. ENVGATE Joa.—The Corporation Jury were so de termined to inflict a tax on the City, that they came to a resolution to rebuild Newgate—and had actually made a contract for the purpose. The memorial went to the Lord Lieutenant—all estimates and plans having been previously adopted, the Corporators not doubting that the prayer of the memorial would be im mediately granted. The prayer was only to this effect, that the prisoners should be removed, in order to enable their Honours to perpetrate the job. But why was the job contemplated at all—what was the pretence': This —that there was not sufficient accommodation ? And why was there not? Because (we state the matter upon Tory authority):the Recorder did not do his duty in delivering the goal with becoming regularity. Had this Right Honourable person performed his duty as he ought—had he not been running like a steam coach between Liverpool and London—to catch the Sessions in Dublin, and the debates in Westminster—there would be no pretence at all for demanding an extension of Newgate. But the thing was not at all necessary. The memorial was referred to the Privy Council, and they appointed a deputation of their body to visit the prison, consisting of Sir Edward Blakeney, Judge Perrin, and the Chief Remembrancer. The deputation having made all the necessary inquiries, reported upon the in expediency of the removal, and the Privy Council una nimously decided that no removal should take place. The job is thus knocked on the head—to the great delight of Whigs and Tories. TIIE ROGUE-MONEY BlLL.—This Bill has passed the Lords, and the only alteration in it is an amendment made by the Commons, which excludes royal burghs from its operation, whether they have taken advan tage of the general police Act or not. The amendment, In) Never, does not extend to Parliamentary burghs, which are still to be placed under the controul of the Comis sioners of Supply, in reference to the assessment for the rogue money and new constabulary force. ACCIDENT ON THE LONDON AND GREEN WICH RAILWAY.—On Sunday evening the numerous pas sengers that left Gree nw i c h by t h e eight o'clock train were very much alarmed upon their arrival at the points (that is, the cross rails) at the London terminus, by the sudden stoppage of the engine. The greatest confusion was created by the loud shrieks of the females; and the pas sengers having been let out of the carriages, it was ascer tained that the cause of the accident was from negligence on the part of one of the Company's servants, who had wrongly placed one of the points, by which means the engine and tender were thrown off the rails. The part, in blame was instantly dismissed, and ordered to quit the works; and it is satisfactory to state that no person sus tained any injury. The loss, in a pecuniary point of view, to the Company was considerable, as may be cal culated from the following circumstances delay occasioned by one of the lines being blocked up, and thus preventing more than one train to run at the same time was from twenty minutes past eight until a quarter to ten o'clock, at which time the obstruction was removed. The loss sustained by the Company could not have been less than 4001. or 5001., notwithstanding every exertion was made by Inspector Bishop and the rest of the Police to remove the engine and tender. Accounts of the acci dent of a most exaggerated nature soon reached Green wich, and operated most pleasingly in favour of the stage coach and fly proprietors. FRENCH MANUFACTURES.—The Courrier Francais publishes an article on the contemplated increase in the import duties on flax, yarn, and linen, to show that the French manufacturers of those articles can compete advantageously with those of England, protected as they are by a duty of 8 or 10 francs, to which must be added the cost of freight, carriage, Sze. The Courrier shows, that although the importation of linen exceeded in 1837 by 600,000 ells that of 1833, yet it was inferior to that of 1825, and only amounted to 4,409,989 ells, of which England sup plied only 333,103. The sales of linen at the Italics of Pat is and Mons ( the two principal markets in France), so far from diminishing, had, on the contrary, considerably increas.2cl within the last few years. As regards linen yarn, the quantity imported from England had of late gone on aug menting. In 1833 France only received 1,423,224 kilo grammes (14,232 tons) of that article ; whilst in 1837, the quantity amounted to 3,910,783 kilogrammes, or 39 197 tans. The writer contends that this di&rence should be ascribed to the small number of manufacturers spinning thread by machinery, now existing in France, but contends that the French manufacturers, who insist on the duty being raised to 20 or 25 per cent., are perfectly competent to meet the English in the market, and observes, that the very fact of their vesting their capitals in such enterprises, when the duty was only eight per cent., showed that they thought themselves sufficiently protected, and capable of competing with the manufacturers of Leeds and Man chester. In support of its argument, the Courrier cites the following feet:—" A Company has been formed in Boulogne-sur- Mee, for the purpose of spinning linen yarn, under the firm of Hopwood and Co. TEat establishment is in full operation ; it employs 50,000 kilogrammes (500 tons) of flax monthy, and will soon double that quantity. An Englishman directs it, and it possesses machinery im ported from Engla n d. Th e cos t at w hich the Company sells its produce differs very little from that announced by he Leeds manufacturers." THE GUM TRADE AT PORT- ENDIC. By the arrival of the Partridge, Lieutenant Morris, at this port on Sunday last, from the west coast of Africa, we are furnished with information respecting the state of the gum trade, and the occurrences at Portendic, which formed the subject of discussion in the House of Lords last week. The Partridge has been seven months on the sta tion, having been sent to inspire the Moors with confi dence, and to protect our merchants engaged in that im portant and lucrative branch of commerce, which the French at Senegal more than once attempted to wrest from us ; and so jealous are they of this trade, and of British influence with the Moors, that they hare acted in open violation of the treaty of 1783, first in 1834, by sending armed vessels to cut out the British merchant vessels then trading there, without blockading the port, or giving any notice of such intentions, but taking advantage of the absence of British ships of war. This stoppage of our lawful trade was soon remedied by the promptness of the Gover nor of the Gambia (the late George Rendal, Esq.), and by the active and gallant conduct of Lieut. Quin, Commander of her Majesty's brig Britomart, who conveyed the British merchant vessels back, and re mained there to protect them during the trade season. Subsequently, in 18:33, the French peremptorily block aded the coast, although they disclaimed all intention of doing so upon an application being made by our Government, and by acts of general violence deprived our merchants of the trade that year. This loss, how ever, was succeeded by more aggravated ones, for the Moors had suffered so much by having to return to the interior with the gum they had brought to the coast to load the English vessels, that, until the present year, they have been deterred in a great measure from bring ing their gum to Portendic. The presence, however, of her Majesty's bric , Partridge, and Mr. Isaa cs , a merc h ant from Gambia, who proceeded to Portendic to renew she trade, inspired them with confidence, and they were shortly seen to bring their gum to the coast, and it was said that three large vessels would be loaded this season. Notwithstanding the advantages of the French settle ment in the Senegal, it appears that up to the time that her Majesty's brig Partridge left the coast, they bad not traded for any Bas de 'feuve gum, although nearly 100 small craft were expressly sent to collect it. --- It would appear that the French had recourse to every species of intrigue to deprive British vessels of the liberty" the treaty of 1783 gives them to trade at Portendic. To state all that the Moors have related would take up too much room, yet conduct so mena cing to British interests, and so degrading to the French as an enlightened nation, deserves publicity ; we there fore give a few of the many intrigues, the particulars of which 1: ave beencommunicated by the chiefs of Trassa and Helad en Bisba. Previous to 1820 large presents were given by the French authorities at Senegal to the chiefs of the tribes of Trassa, Helad en Bisba, and Brachna, to pre vent the gum g oing to Porte n di c , th a t i t m i g ht fi n d an outlet in the Snegal,where th e British merchants are not allowed to trade. The Moors being ever ready to re ceive all that the French would give them, without rendering the required service, the latter engaged to give Mahamid Fall (a dissatisfied Prince of Trassa) 40 pieces of blue buffs, powder, guns, &c., annually, if he would destroy the Bri tish trade at Portendic. Tnis chief, being stimula ted with such an annual tribute, proceeded to Por tendic and made two Englishmen prisoners, with a view to frighten the traders away. The stratagem would have succeeded, but the chiefs of Helad en Bisba and Brahirr, Willet (brother to the present King of Trassa) rescued the two Englishmen, when a battle ensued, and Mahamid Fall was shot. This affair gave rise to a civil war, the family of Mahainid Fall being enraged at his death ; and the French wishing to destroy the Trassa influence, seeing it was benefiting the Erglish traders, furnished Mahamid Altronvie with munitions of war,and instigated him to dispute the right and title of Ommre Wildoc Mochta, the then reigning King of Trassa ; a civil war ensued, and the latter being victorious, the trade still continued at Portendic. The French successively engaged the Elmamec of Foota to attack the Trassars on one side, and the Oad-a-lion Arabs to attack Portendic during the trade season. The latter, being a horde of marauding brigands, occasionally sur prised the traders at Portendic, which, for the time, put a stop to the trade, but they have always been beaten back with loss of life, and since 1834 they have not revisited Portendic with hostilities. Thus the French intrigues have failed, and had her Majesty's ships Stag, Tweed, Clio, and Pike arrived at Portendic to raise the French blockade at the beginning of the season in 1835, instead of the end, British merchants would have been preserved from a loss of nearly 100,0001., and Great Britain would have been benefited by a duty on the pro ceeds of that investment of 15,0001., to say nothing of the loss of the gum trade for three years, and the daring insult offered to our flag by the forcible expulsion of the British merchantmen Eliza, Matchless, Governor Temple, Industry, Oscar, and Marmion, from Portendic, by tile French squadron, which, owing to the inquiries in Parliament on the subject, is engaging so much atten tion at. the present moment.. Immediately it was known to the French authorities at Senegal that the English merchants intended to renew the guns trade, the French schooner of war La Fine was sent to reconnoitre and watch their move ments, and when her Majesty's brig Partridge took her station there, the La Fine also came to anchor and sounded the roadstead. The great activity of the Com mander of the La Fine might have deprived the British merchants of the trade, had not the Partridge arrived in time to restore confidence, and, although we have seen every intrigue hitherto practised by the French at Senegal fail to destroy the gum trade at Portendic, it will al ways be necessary to have a naval force on the coast to protect British interests. Soon after the arrival of the Partridge at Portendic, Abdallah, the prime minister, came on board, when the presents from the British Government were delivered, and a salute fired, which he preferred to the presents, as he stated they would be useless without this mark of respect for the King. This man is very intelligent and civil to Englishmen, to whom he appears much attached, and has rendered them great service in saving them when shipwrecked. Last year he stated that two British officers and crew belonging to her Majesty's frigate Madagascar were wrecked in a slave vessel on this coast ; they were plundered at first by the Moors, and might have been ill-treated had he not hastened to their assistance, which he did, and recovered their watches and money, Which he returned to them. He then provided the party with camels and provisions, and escorted them to the river Senegal, where he delivered them to some re spectable traders, who provided them with a passage to St. Louis. Abdallah complained to the Commander of the Partridge that this act was not noticed, and, that he had received no acknowledgment from the party whom lie so benevolently and hospitably saved. He appears anxious to know if the party have arrived safe in England, and is desirous for the British people to know that they have in him a steady friend on the coast. —Devonporl Telegraph. SERIOUS ACCIDENT TO THE WONDER BRIGHTON COACH —On Friday afternoon between four and five o'clock, as the Wonder Brighton coach was on its way to town, near the Red Lion, Smitham Bottom, one of the fore whe•sls came off, and the coach was in souse quence immediately turned over. The coach was heavily laden at the time, both with passengers and luggage, and the whole of the former were thrown to the ground with great violence, but, providentially, none of them received any further injury than being severely bruised, and, of course, very much alarmed at the accident. The coach man sprung from the box, and seized the horses' heads, and with the assistance of some of the Brighton Railroad po licemen, who were on the spot, succeeded in effectually restraining them from dashing away with the coach, which in the first instance they had attempted to do. It was found upon examination that the under part of the vehicle was so much injured that it could not proceed on its journey, and an express was despatched to Croydon for another coach, which was speedily obtained, and the pas sengers and luggage of the Wonder were conveyed by it to town. The arrival of the passengers in town was delayed by the accident for upwards of two hours. CHILD SCALDED TO DEATH.--On Monday' last an inquest was held in this town, before Mr Palmer, on view of the body of a child 14 months old, named Jary Soutbworth. It appeared from the evidence of the mother, that on the Thursday afternoon previous the child had pulled upon itself, from a tab!e, a cup full of hot coffee, and so scalded itself that it died on Sunday morning. Verdict—Accidental Death.—Preston Obaerror. For some time past complaints have been made to the Bench of Magistrates at Croydon of the eru eltye u x ,; of ercised towards th e h orses em pl oye d upon t h e wor ks Brighton railway, by the excavators and carters e ployed by some of the sub-contractors. The pooranimlsi cr it uellv pears, were loaded beyond their strength,a and were beaten not oily with whips and stic ks, ht k, allotted to tasks also with shovels, to comp e l them t o perfo r m t them. The Magistrates in consequen, should cbe. At the M ag i, - taken to p revent e _tyolice upon the sub. made an intimation to tire Superintendent of tho railroad meansi t e h e e t' c w on it t h in a ua r n e c ei c ue o s f t t t h h is at s) , stemo , Bench by Shor,ii'.ld, consequence summonedfor cruelly a horse. Tilt re trates fleeting on Saturda b y e , f A ore ma t n h n e amed Saunders, war in Superintendent,arglolert appeared from Shonfield's s.t Ito ade against him of striking- a when the ground was very wet the was a lsoa notherch horse with a shovel. n la t st 4as engaged in carting earth a ni n e d n meat heavy, than cart drawn by two horses. The horses appeared to with a quiteunable to draw the load to which they were °ri the T d u e e f s e d n a da ' at tached,be arid Shonfield made a remark to that effect to the d,fendant, who, however, said that they could draw it, and he w ould make them, and he th en b egan kicking one of the h horse in a brutal manner upon the belly. The defendant in answer to the charge said that he had merely put up his foot to frighten the horse, but he denied having kicked it in t h e brutal manner described by the officer. The Magi,_ trates said they were quite aware to what an extent this system of cruelty was going on, as they had, themselves, frequently been spectators of the brutal manner in which the horses were treated. The defendant was then fined 10z., but on his promising not to repeat the offence, the other charge was not proceeded with. The Beech said they hoped that this conviction would have the effcet of putting a sti>p to this brutal conduct in future. MORNING EDITION BUSHIRE. Some account has already appeared of a visit to Bushire, by Sir F. Maitland, the Admiral on the Bombay stat:on, in the course of which he was sub jected to marked insult by the Persian authorities, and even placed in personal danger ; but the facts were so loosely stated in the letters then received, and the motives of all parties so entirely inexplicable, that it was impossibl e by such means to get at the real state of the case. Letters subsequently received, however, from Bombay, and from officers serving on board of the squadron, have placed the matter in a clearer light. It is now ascertained, that early in March last the British Admiral arrived at Bushire, with his flag-ship and two other vessels, and became an inmate of the residency. Visits were interchanged between him and thelGovernor of Bushire while at the residency, frequent communications took place, of course with the squadron, to which provisions were sent. The Governor objected to the embarkation of provisions from the pier or quay before the residency, as was usual, and required that they shou'd be sent through the Custom House. After some discussion, the Admiral conceded the point, stating, however, that it was a discourtesy which had never elsewhere been imposed on him in the East. Having gained this point, the Persian authorities, in the true spirit of their Asiatic character, required that the personal communication between the men-of war and the Admiral at the pier of the residency should also be discontinued, and that the officers and men coming and going between the residency and the ships should also land and embark at the Custom House wharf, which was at the other end of the town and it was at length formally stated that this injunction applied to the Admiral himself and to his own personal baggage and effects. So indisposed was the Admiral to come to any rupture on the question, that he proposed to be governed by the precedent of all former cases, on the authority of those most ac quainted with them ; and it was by all admitted that such an injunction had never before been imposed on any British man-of-war in that port. The Admiral then refused to yield to it, as an insult to his flag, and formally communicated to the Governor that he would the next day leave and convey his baggage from the re sidency to his flag-ship from the usual place and in his own boats, and that any opposition would be at the peril of those who made it. On the approach of the boats all the native troops at Bushire were drawn up on the beach, and without any act of hostility on our part, they opened a fire on them. One of our men had a ball through his belt, and another through his cartouche box. Our men had received orders not to fire, but, ex asperated at being thus assaulted, they opened a v„lley on the troops, by which three were wounded, and the whole of the Persians scampered off in all directions. The resident struck his flag, and he and the Admiral, with their baggage, were conveyed on board the squad ron. The nephew of Sir F. Maitland would have been shot by a Persian soldier who stood near him, if the Admiral himself and an officer had not seized the fellow and wrested the gun from him. Another officer on the terrace of the residency was deliberately fired at by one of the soldiers. On the withdrawal of the Admiral some of the native merchants of the place waited on him to conciliate and arrange the matter. The Admiral gave a paper, requiring a formal and public apology from the Governor, and a formal renunciation of all claim to such an injunction here after as he had attempted to impose. These terms, so extremely lenient, the Governor would not however agree to, and it was ascertained, as then st a ted, th a t th e de- putation had no official authority from him (the *alai evasion of these people). The matter was referred to Shiraz (where a Prince of the Royal family governed, and on whom Bushire depends), whence an officer was sent to communicate with the Admiral, out in the end the Admiral's terms were not accepted, no satisfaction was given, and it appeared that the real object of the mission was to inquire into the matter, and attempt to give it some false colouring, but not to give any redress. On this the squadron sailed, and our resident retired to Kerack.—Times. STATISTICAL RETURN OF THE NAVAL FORCES OF FRANCE. (From the National). The following is a statement of the vessels afloat, or constructing in our harbours : SHIPS OF THE LINE AT SEA, IN PORT, OR IN COMMISSION. First-rate ships, five—L'Ocean, le Majestueux, le Montebello, and le Souverain, of 120 guns; and le Commerce, of 110. Second-rate ship, one—L'Hercule, of 100 guns. Third-rate ships, seven—Le Jena, and le Suffren, of 90 guns ; and le Diademe, Sauti Petri, le Neptune, l'Algesiras, and Jupiter, of 86 guns. Fourth-rate ships, nine—Le Nestor, le Marengo, le Trident, la Ville de 'Marseille, le Scipion, l'Alger, le Triton, la Couronne, and le Genereux, of 82 guns. Total of the ships of the line afloat, 22. _ _ Le Alajestueux and l'Algesiras, however, must be deducted from the number, as unfit for sea, until thoroughly repaired. There remain, accordingly, 20 ships of the line. SIIIPS ON Tilt; STOCKS. First-rate ships, 4 ; second-rate, , to ; third-rate, 10, The first-rate-ships Friedland and la Ville de Paris are completed to the 20-24ths : and the Louis XI V. to the 18-24ths, and may be got ready for sea in a few months. The second-rate ships le 'Page, Jcmappes, and Fleurus, are completed to the 22-24ths, l'Ultn to the 17-24ths, le Navarin, l'Annibal, l'Eole, and Duguay Tronin, to the 19-9.4ths, and may, consequently, be launched in a short time. The third-rate ships Dugueselin and Bayard are constructed to the 1.2-24ths, le Fonter.oi and Achille to the 22.24ths and ►'lnflexible and l'Alexandre, to the 16-24ths. Thus, in case of war, we might have 17 additional ships afloat, which, with the 20 at sea or in port, would form a force of 37 ships of the line. Nine others ig, a forward state of construction would still remain on tile stocks. FEIGATES AFLOAT. First-rate frigates (62 and 60 guns), 12 ; second-rate (.52 and 50 guns), 12 ; third-rate (46 guts), 12 ; and one frigate of 40 ; total of the frigates afloat, 37. From this number, however, we must deduct the Terpsi chore (first-rate), La Se rene (second-rate), and La Victoire, requiring considerable repairs. There remain 34 frigates. FRIGATES CONBT. UCTING. First-rate frigates, 9 ; second-rate, 7 ; third rate, 5. The first-rate frigates, la ltenommee, la Semillante, I'Andromaque, and la Perseterante, are completed to 22-24ths ; la Duchesse d'Orleans, to the 21-24ths ; la Forte, la Vengeance, I'Entreprenante and Semiramis, to the 19-24ths the second-rate frigates, la Poursui vante, Niobe, and Nemisis, to the 22-24ths, and la Zenobie, to the 21-24rbs ; the third-rate frigates, Pe nelope and la Charte, to the 22-24ths ; la Pandore to the 20-24ths, and la Sybille to the 18-24ths. The others arc in an equally forward state. Thus we might shortly add to the 34 frigates afloat 17 other frigates, tshich would make 51 in all. The corvettes of 30 guns afloat are 6 in number ; those of 24, 8, and those of 20, 4. Total, afloat, 24. There are besides 6 corvettes ((wises), of 16 guns. Total, of corvettes, 30. The number of brigs is 29, 21 of which carry 20 guns, fbutiL. Total, of brigs, 9. r m lB, a dfour 16;b 4 esides 19 brigs (avisos), of 10 a Brigs canonnieres afloat of 4 guns, 4 ; besides 3 about being launched, 7 in all. Schooner:, cutters, luggers, &c., of from six to eight guns, 13 ; flotilla vessels of lour guns and under, 42. TRANSPORTS.—Transport corvettes of 800 tons, 14 ; and three more which are to be launched this year ; lighters, of from 200 to 360 tons, 31 ; besides two of 600, ready to be launched ; transports of 92.5 tons, three ; steamers of from 60 to 220 tons, carrying from four to six guns, °5 ; five steamers of 220 tons and six guns are to be launched in 1839, and five more in 1840. f t t o f t i a e l l 3 in 7 e . afloat, rsebeingw .ead 2 y laou to n''c b bi c iiep l ds au o; nehed. T o t a l 31. an,30141n7f frigates i l s : u e ast ‘ ce v es l p i o at l fli ebo,l afloat, a 04 corvettes afloat, and 6 susceptible of being launched. Total 30. ready to be launched ; 13 schooners, &c. ; 42 flotilla vessels ; 48 transports, corvettes, lighters, &c. ; * ) 3 steamersi,4:foteharniiugginsieflinaboeflaerotraa, e c c x k a c s s e e ed of 2 w 6 a 9 r, ve 3 s l s 6 el . s. 00c4fIsviadbr earnifisigoesldaotevoa. denn so o set n ehsl n ._e, i n : so r ittn e o s afloat, besides 3 1E CONDENINED PRISONERS.—In our hst paper we had the satisfaction of announcing that Nowell, R o b erts, and Jones had been respited for further consideration o f t h e i r cases, in comequence of evidence in their , favour h av i ng b een laid before the Secretary of State. \V e have now reason to believe that the evidence to which we refer has had the desired area, and that the Govern ment authorities have determined on a commutation o%t be awful sentence passed upon the prisoners at our Assizes, although no official communication to that effect has at present been received by the Governor of the Gaol. — Warwick Advertiser. THE LATE MURDER IN SOIIO.—On Friday at Marlborough -street a middle-aged woman, evidently in was ti h e er s:r a ‘ l 'a th n o t u llnn s a i li le much affliction, begged to be allowed to see the Magis tra.e. She was permitted to cater p th ol e ic e e tli i ie io a rn nd in t g ho t n o addressing Mr. Dyer, she said she Prity, who had been in the emiloy of the late Mr. West woorl, watchmaker, the particulars of whose barbarous inure!, r still remain undisclosed. Her presei.t application shea awreatsitily was to complain oLt e l s i s e a e n o t tid ir u ni c u t i o res th o e f her a-d making ed topodliZliel h,d ever and o;er again given all the evides,m,eneo possession of ref Lting to t i he br melarcholyttl affair,. Owing t n o , t,l , i , e n, ti id n e n r o c 3 d an t c h C ey uc w e e a r s e wi p , c l.vile . g their interrogatori,a whenever they c h ose to put a t "s h we m " to had just been d ischar g ed from her situation. u„iec.ss' s hea keep a place, aid as there was au ob',e'it n to engage h er a w s as so p o r n ot a e s e t ted iu shemsconitnioezywiitthwa impossibl e s h e cou ld whom she h a d f ormer ly lived, she was in danger of starvation. A s the A c ould do no'hing in the mattlagistrate matter the poor woman left iic office sl:.dding,teat.,...