The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-06 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY l f eatholidays (f:0 d oo ' :otno r ays). As, hoWever, he Otitioned for a pro- ' On the other hand, we have seen letters from Canton, men of.' this period we gave him a month i n a d- boning that rumours prevailed there that Keying and other ditron nest his meretal as well as physical powers. On high authorities had written to the Emperor, to represent that Pecoverinp In oal , he imm e di a t e l y returned to his duties, but i t would be necessary to deduct, from the amount of the Im thea retiace • y few days after he sudd en ly d eparte d t hi s li:e penal d ut i es now rece i ved f i ve candar i nes per p i cul, for the , ment f , while in the ac t o f prepar i ng a d ocu- payment o f the Ch i nese off i cers connected w i th the Custom a afro air 'our inspecti on . Our grief was extreme, for he had house ; and that they, expectin g his Alaje!ty's gracious ap- Ito el clai m on our gratitude, and we therefore now confer proval, wou ld b eg i n a l rea d y t o d e d uc t th a t amoun t. If this is a " airs according to his rank as a statesman and scholar. As the case, the position of the linguists becomes doubly unten r? ova f of our affection we shall offer sacrifice to his departed able ; and certainly British merchants ought never to submi 1 :" . ' c if, in the Temple of the Virtuous. We have conferred to their exactions. ti r se r t him the To-10-king cover for his coffin, and now appoint . ey .Princes Tsae-tny and Tae-ling, with 10 officers of the itn- V, Lai body guard on an early day to pour out a libation before ," 'n. Let a donation of 1,500 taels of silver be given for his 1, ,neral expenses, and let his body Ho in state in the Imperial Cemetery, for in his official capacity there is not a single in stance in which he deserved reprehension. His grandsons, Lin-teen, Lin-ching, and Lin-yang, when arrived at the years of maturity (16), are to be presented to the Civil Board, that we may confer our favours upon them, and thus show our grief for the deceasr.l3. When the usual ceremonies on this occasion (have been performed let them be duly reported. Respect this. No date. )..... Cantos Press, Aug. 2.2. THE FRENCH EMBASSY TO CHINA. We learn, by letters from Canton, that the French Consul Count de Ratti Menton, presented his credentials to the Viceroy of Canton, at the country house of Pwankingqua. This ceremony, which was preceded by several visits to the French Consul and Captain Fa-man Duplan from the Kwang chowfoo, and a delegate from the Imperial Commissioner, may be considered another progressive step in the events which have lately taken place. Towards eight o'clock of the morning of the 6th of September two boats belonging to the French corvette Alcmene left Canton for the place of meeting. They contained the French Consul, Captain Duplan, the Chancelier de Consulat, eight officers of the corvette, an interpreter, and several private gentlemen, and reached the house of Pwankingqua after an hour's pull. Then the Com mandant and Consul were shown into the large ball, and a delegate of the Imperial Commissioner, the Kwangchowfoo, and several other mandarins paid their respects to them. At near the hour fixed upon an officer wearing a chr3stal button announced that the Imperial Commissioner was prepared for the interview, when the Consul and Captain with the others before-mentioned descended to the reception-room, and there found the high Chinese officers and a number of other functionaries wearing white and blue buttons. Some compliments having passed, the French Consul pre sented his credentials front the Minister of Foreign Affairs to the Viceroy, who handed them to the Imperial Commissioner, and the latter took note of and returned them to him. After this many questions were put, concerning his Majesty the King of the French, about France and her Ministers generally, and more particularly M. Guizot became the subject of conversa tion, which continued fur more than an hour, during which a collation was offered by the high Chinese officers to their guests. This intercourse between the high Cninese functionaries and officers of foreign nations would lead us to suppose that an im portant change is beginning to operate with regard to Eu ropeans—a change which, managed with care, would appear to augur an approach to an entirely friendly , understanding between the Celestial empire and the various European Governments. TRADE WITH CHINA. (Fron t the Canton Register.) By the latest adv ices from Canton, we learn that the trade there was suffering so much interruption and inconvenience as ei) be nearly at a stand for the present. '1 he Hong merchants 'seem anxious tr., continue their former monopoly, and as the bongs, where merchandise has been always warehoused, are others, they woem in their hands, and traders have been unable to procure any object. possessed of sufficient power to effect their The Hoppo, too, are unwilling to admit goods upon addon of payment of the duti es se ttl e d by th e IleW tariff, without the further imposts; and th e na ti ve li ngu i sts exc l a i m loudly thr& their e mo l umen t s are l essene d to a ruinous degree, while thr:ir labours are greatly increased. jAll Val* is v ery muc h w h at was expected by the best udl' ges,. and we b e li eve it ar i ses w h o ll y from local interests and rirejudi ces , w i t h out b e i ng directed by the supreme Go -1;4o-tent It is, howe ver , no t t h e l ess necessary that t h e reaest resistance should be made to any encroachment or Veviation from the terms settled by the treaty ; if any conces virm is o nce made no one can tell how far additional imposts t s'ill be accumulated 'ander various pretences, until affairs are If ot her means fail, ° rought back t o the ~ ame state from which we hav e j us t escape d . our own Government m u st b e ca ll e d on to see lo the proper reiministration of the treaty so lately solemnly Cen fi,rined, and see h ave no d ou b t the same prudent firmness which brought tl ie former negotiations to so satisfactory a con clusion, will be equally successful now. The follow its.g• is the petition of the Chinese linguists : the"W the undersigned linguists, beg respectfully to call t attention of the foreign merchants resident at Canton ° the neerssity of making some new arrangements for the reintineratro n of our services suited to the altered state of the times., iPPreviously we received an allowance c a lled ' t am -t ow ' or •e i ° age,' being a sum of s o much p er pi cu l on a ll goo d s .114'ecl (say one crodarine, si x cas h, p er p i cu l), or s hi ppe d o ff a3' four candarir es , four cash). This was paid through the tit% merchants to the Hoppo, being included in the differ riatir °I the buyi ng an d se lli ng price between the foreign and f our : : alerchants, a n d we rece i ve d i t from t h e Hoppo' s office tr o d I nez per annum. Wh en t h e new or d er of thilgs was in or aced *earl./ a month ago, the sa id a ll owance o f ' t am - tow, ' ei:P i eulttge,' was, in the first instanc e , en ti re ly cu t o ff. Th e b ut ' n ese Government have since agreed to g i ve us b ac k a part ; dra gnei ss f ur i t is still so insufficient that we shall require to l oo k t o th e trade itselt as the source from which we must principally f ur . tke means of meeting the expenses we actually incur in ola/4v facilities for the foreign trade. .„, in addition to the allowing of piculage, under the old - 4 8 , (1 0as the security merchant made the linguist a present of besides d tael s for ever y ship Nvhen the ship commenced discharging, A es a further sum of 200 dollars as compradore ' s money for 7(so sating the business of the ship ; and when the grand chop as obtained we received a chumshaw of 2231 dollars, and the cej:ign mereb ant allowed us the sum of 15,22 dollars per in the goOZ-aboat for all goods imported, but we got no allowance on e s z t t ert 'ed, that being previously taken into consideration entirely e Ln-ite w•' By the new arrangement all these fees are " Is man l y o f ~ ono away . formed of th e th Y e w fo i r th eign merchants may not be correctly in very inanerioste • , 0 extent of our services, and may therefore have a i er y of submittingi d idea of liberty totfhtehvte h ex ol p e en tn se y s n w ur e n in n e t u in r e ,.we now take the " Whea a Ship is reported the linguist himself requires, in the first instance, to go to the Hoppo's office, and make ar rangements for her dis Charging. He then requires to dispatch four assistants to Wh,aropoa, who take down the documents, assist in pi c ki ng out the marks and number, &c., and when t he_ chops are loadect, some of th ese ass i stants mus t accom p an y them back to the city. On the arrival of the chops at the 'p i ty, the linguist insist again go to the Hoppo's office to get the °PPG's people te come out to examine the goods, and must "" fel. "' assistroits to help to weigh and measure the goods, rrso qk ge marks st.nd numbers, open the boxes and bales, count i is 'ie pieces, and, arrange for sending every merchant's goods to ! Place why re he wants them stored. When cargo is being C - IPPed off, - the . linguist goes to the different merchanta, Dori th:l their st atement of what they are going to ship. After ` l , n g Writ ten out a correct list, the linguist requires to go to z„"oppo'' s to get his people to come out and examine the - i .: e 's, ars d requires, as in the previous instance, to have A Me kilt people standing by to open boxes, arrange marks and Itl ll 'ober s , &c., and afterwards he has to go to the different a b e n re hani ato get their shipping notes. When the vessel is h t to de tth linguist requires to go over the statement of (tut , par , e c orn ,Je s , and apportion to each man his share, and having n o P , ete,..d all minor arrangements he must go again to the NW si to Procure the grand chop. " foreis are the : the principal services rendered by the linguist to i „ ~, ign trade, besides many others, sufficiently annoying I,;%:_ise tuselves, but too minute to be detailed here. The Vritii Ptem, too, gives us much more to do in the way of v i nni , tg and running about than the old system ; besides, pre chan p we always had some assistance from the Hong mer. en Q4ts,opursers and people, whereas now we are cast entirely 4l 0 r zresources. serviet .s, m an .vari eus ways of charging remuneration for our ' sh ip. a largey are o bjectionable. If we charge so much a s h 1,, . IT iay t e very trouble a 9 give us no trouble, and a small ship able, inas some. Charging per month is objection tile arn much as it would place the hard-working man on Charging 4 e footing as the man who does comparatively little. s o m old oat , touch per chop is, with all that may be argued old rule it , Perhaps the least objectionable of all. But the ri ,... will require some modification. If we were to cwi. __"? C to charge 15,22 dollars upon all chops of import cargo, an nosh nothing upon export cargo, in that case. when a ship ar lire d full and ;went away empty, we should gain our money e ," Iparatively easy • on the other hand, when a ship arrived in us'Llast and went aw ' ay full, we might have a dual of trouble at, d no remuneration whatever. " After maturely considering the various points of the case, We have resolved to make the following charges fir our services, Ivh•ch are respectfully submitted for your kind considera tion, viz.— " On all chop-boats inwards " On all chop.boats outwards " This is understood to be exclusive of the charge of 12 drs. Paid to the cLop-boatman, and coolie hire, but all other ex l'e"es are to be considered as included in the above. , con _,As chryp s vary very much in size, we beg to state what we 'der thre quantity of cargo as represented by a chop, viz. •-• it IR " INWARDS. 4, Olbal cotton i'lßat cotton 0 011 ` 4 1, 0 , 3 4 n , , Sp. stripes ca ji ells . 4 tonluteta ...... ge.10th,... ...... • 100 do. of 50 do. " Yar gross. Cott om Cattics gross. n_ 4:._ 44 r -. 30,000 .ro , ICO do. weighing about , ft; ,cc'. ab"iic,ut andother goods of this description 30,000 50,000 " Te a ,, ~ A ,, ii,, c i ei v i li n o e u o t t . l . B .. a 1 . r ... t . i . . c . . 1 ... e . :. ............. i . ; ... r ... ; :...: .t .7......................- 3 50 40 000 0 .. 4144 elosprezt i f e u a llryiye r iz l i y n , g_ your attention to the above, and " We` emain; your faithful humble servants, OLD 10A1, for the hoop-Hong. " Y OUNG TOM, for the Wo-sh'ang Hong. " A LANTSEI, fur the Ching-%o Hong. " YOUNG A HEEN, f or t h e Sh one - wo H ong . " Canton . 1 3 00IQU A, for the Ehi-wo Hong. , A U; 20, 1843." THE No. I.—An Abstrac EVENUE FOR THE YE of the Net Produce of the Revenue of Great Britai A TTEMPTED EXACTIONS. We lear n (From the Canton Press.) :f A, by advices from Canton that ever since the 25th ern gust the foreign trade, so far as new arrivals are mo tel:4' has been stopped, and no vessel can get permission to egre rnence discharging without the consignees of all vessels th e l e i , ill g t° submit to the following " squeeze" to be paid to lesstl 4 . iB t B :--A. fee of 223} dollars on each and every British 4 Sch p : i a fee of 12 dollars per 70 bales of Bombay, or 80 of Vr ei ntell, and in proportion for other cargo. the,i-r several days various attempts were made to escape selsi t beau y charges (amounting to prohibition of small yes lib 'Without avail, as it was ascertained that no one but the c4tu i sts were a ll owe d to approach the Hoppo on business kareteci with the f ore i gn trade. An application was then edr 6 . to " her M a j esty ' s officiating Consul " to the following * --- b 0 , .. e. eg to represe n t to you that we are unable to get any l'er' the linguists to a tt en d to the Custom-house business of vessel s l ately arrived unless we agree to pay them as fol ows (naming the above fees). " We b eg to i nquire if the difficulty in our proceeding with t he business of our vessels can be removed without our subs ma tting to the exact i ons of the linguists ? tail= They 'are the only persons we can find to carry on the de st4j o f . the busine ss o f a s hi p w i th the collector's o ffi ces ; they s h e that the collector refuses paying thorn for their services, A, t hezefore they make an increased demand on foreigners. cos _.• hi e ging to the new regulations we supposed they would be - • by him." The Consul, Mr. G. T. Lay, replies : ao " I have to say, that by the new regulations the linguists are v a t h ,t° be considered the collector's servants, but as the ser le„-t4 uf the consignees, who must pay them for their services, i l a a bribe or tee, but as their hire ; and if these men refuse 0 ; work for a reasonable sum, others who will consent to accept hot to tsm.sller compensation must he sought for; but if such are Dower ebe found, whatever the charge, must be paid. I have no A to compel them to act for any speci fi ed sum." h, ", e so far agree with Mr. Lay that the linguists must be paid I .' ;:reigo merchants, if their services are absolutely required, l e ,'' these services are not such as are usually paid by the re. tiasinelisinof the duty. Of what nature are the services required guists? and for what is the fee of 223 dollars per ship 4 1 1 a. 12 dlllars per 70 or 80 bales to be paid ? We imagine the one thing for which the import 7 n:lay jastly . be pay, or which may be required of him, is to furnish 0. Chinese Custom house officers with a paper stating in bentnese the nature of the cargo his ship br.ngs ; it then I eu mes the duty of the Chinese to see that such statement d ttateording to trash; but surely it can never be contemplate a t , besides the duty, he is to pay those that are appointed byelhe Chinese to watch after its being properly paid.. .T he or service which, therefore, in our opinion, the linguists, frro...,a,snytbnenefoerelsie in their stead, ought to expect payment . . for eet of ~ PI merchant, is , for the translation or writing Chin ese " we necessary documents ; in fact, a translation in to b tilled of the ship's manifest; any other duties they may . e ti e , e . d u Pow to perform must be paid by their own author.i that' and we suppose that even Mr. Lay will not maintain vet. the linguists should he allowed to charge for such ef '. easy duty, for filling, perhaps, a reasonably-sized sheet tu m j,Per with writing, the exorbitant suns they now de- Nto u which in the case of a ship carrying 4,000 bales of l k . s, ; would amount to the enormous sum of 823,50 dol t, I . ! translation of a small document. We would engage were it written out at one hundredth part of that charge, Would on not aware that none but the linguists' documents Vire are such occasions be received at the Hoppo's o ffi ce. t ti _ e told that previous to the present exorbitant demands % e ll Made the linguists demanded much less, but even then a, tereigriers would not comply, and they then declared that ser_ntatnerchants had not agreed to what the linguists deemed able merchants they would now insist upon these charges as sear„ stated. All business is consequently at a stand, and we qe,aisTat unless the British authorities make a vigorous stand trtlue: these exactions, the trade will revert to exactly its t% b_,fta?e--namely, that the Chinee authorities will be able 7raeb it with any charges they please. j DEATH OF MR. MORRISON. Sir Henry Pottinger announces with feelings of the deepest and most unfeigned sorrow, the demise this morning, at a few minutes after seven o'clock, of the Hon. J. R. Morrison, Member of Council, Chinese Secretary, &c., and Officiating Colonial Secretary of the Government of Hong-Kong. Mr. Morrison was so well known and so truly beloved, es teemed, arid respected by all who had the happiness of his ac quaintance and friendship, that to attempt to pass any panegyric on his private character would be a mere waste of words, and Sir Henry Pottinger feels that his own sincere grief on this mournful event is only a type of that universal sentiment in which the memory and worth of Mr. Morrison will be for ever embalmed. In a public point of view Sir Henry Pottinger considers the death of Mr. Morrison to be an irreparable national calamity, and he doubts not but as such it will be received and viewed by his Sovereign and country. The Canton Press adds the following particulars : " Mr. J. R. Morrison, the son of the illustrious Dr. Mor rissn, so well known as an active missionary and compiler of the Chinese Dictionary, and who died in China just nine years ago, was born in Malacca in 1815, and was only 28 years and four months old at the time of his death. In an early age he was sent to Europe, whence he returned, after a short stay to China, with only the rudiments of an education, which it then became the care of his father to perfect. From the earliest age his attention was drawn to the study of the Chinese language, in whi c h h e h a d b ecom e so proficient, that on the lamented death of his father, though only 19 years old, he was appointed by the Government to the responsible situation of Chinese secretary andinter preter to the superintendents of trade, before held by his father, the duties of which he performed to general satisfaction. " Mr. Morrison's studies were even at that early period not limited to the Chinese language. The trade of this country had so much engaged his attention, that in 1834 he pub lished a volume, the " Chinese Commercial Guide," con taining much very valuable information on the commerce with Canton, which must have been collected with considera ble pains, and which to this moment is of the greatest u s e as a book of reference. During the following years, preceding the differences with the English, Mr. Morrison, whose official duties did not then engross the whole of his time, was engaged in perfecting his knowledge of the Chinese language, and of the customs and habits of thi s peop l e. The geography o if f h th e is ha c d ou b n e t e r n y particularly culuarsl, it was yhaden h g i : p ge lrp d i h os is e, a w tt e b enti el on ie , ve a , n t d o , have published a work en the geography of China, for which he had already collected many valuable notes. He con templated also a new and enlarged edition of his father's dictionary. These literary labours were, however, interrupted by the troubles which broke out in Canton early in 1838, since which time he had to conduct the whole of the Chinese cor respondence of her Majesty's Superintendents and Plenipoten tiaries, and in 1840 and subsequently always accompanied her Majesty's Plenipotentiary on the several expeditions of the British forces, where his perfect knowledge of the language and of the official usages were of the greatest advantage in carrying on the negotiations which have terminated so advan tageously to this country. It was just at the moment when Mr. Morrison's services were about to be rewarded by higher office, and their value probably more substantially recognised by his Sovereign and country, his Excellency Sir H. Pottinger hav ing only last week appointed him a member of the Legislative and Executive Council, and officiating Colonial Secretary of , the Government of Hong-Kong, that, •n the 23d of last month, • he was attacked by the Hong-Kong fever, which has lately de prived us of so many valuable lives. The fever which termi nated his life, and which must be called the Hong-Kong fever, combines, we are told, in its symptoms, the appearance of the jungle fever of India add of the yellow fever of the West Indies, and has hitherto in too many instances defied medical art, al though the latest advices from Hong-Kong, we are glad to say, mention the recovery of several that were considered in danger from the same illness." THE CURRENCY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,.---;1 was much pleased by reading in The Sun, of yesterday, some able remarks on the Currency, by your Correspondent " Beirniard." One of the errors which he points out, as com mitted by writers on that subject, is that of ad mitting the depreciation of paper currency; and as that phrase occurs in the leading article of the Times of this morning, commenting on some pamphlets publiShed by the Society for the Emancipation of Industry, it may not be amiss to inquire into the sense in which it is so used, so as to put an end to wrangling about terms to which both parties attach different ideas. The term depreciation of currency first came into vogue about the time Mr. Huskisson wrote his celebrated pamphlet on the Currency, in 1810, He found that ever since the passing of the Bank Restriction Act, in 1797, the price of gold, wheat, and all other commodities, had been gradually rising in price, and that, consequently, the pound-note did not purchase so much of any commodity as it had done prior to 1798. He, therefore, asserted that the CURRENCY lIAD DE PRECIATED, and erroneously attributed this de preciation to the over-issues of Bank paper. I agree entirely with your Correspondent " Beir niard" as to the loose and unphilosophical mode of thinking and expression implied in this phrase, "depreciation ;" for had Mr. Huskisson said that everything had become dearer he would have been much nearer the truth ; and, by this mode of expression, we might have been saved from all the misery and ruin which Mr. Huskis son's unfortunately chosen phrase and loose manner of thinking has since entailed on this country. In consequence of the amount of indirect taxa tion levied on commodities year after year, from the passing of the Bank Restriction Act, the productive classes of this country were compelled to demand, and paper money enabled them to obtain, from the consumers of their respective commodities, a higher price than they could otherwise have received. The pound-note, there fore, very naturally and properly lost its power to purchase, in exact proportion as prices of com modities had been enhanced by taxation. From the system of indirect taxation, and the drain on us fbr gold prior to 1797, we were com pelled in the fbllowing year to abandon gold money ; but even had we not been so compelled, and if gold money could have been retained in this country (the pressure of indirect taxation re maining as before), IT too would have depre ciated just in the same degree as the PA PER money did ; in other words, IT too would have lost a portion of its power to purchase. In re spect of " depreciation," then, the gold and paper pound would have been quite on a par, as far as THIS COUNTRY was concerned. But gold is a commodity, and has a general mercantile value in the market of the world, and if we depreciate it at home, in consequence of high taxation prices, it will be sure to leave us in our dealings with foreigners —not so our paper ; and therein lies a great point of superiority of paper money possessing no intrinsic value, over gold money possessing intrinsic value. For prices can be maintained in a taxed country by the use of paper money, but cannot be main tained by using gold money, unless by adopting the most stringent prohibitory system of trade, and making it criminal to clip, melt, or export the coin of the realm. Set gold free from the trammels of the fixed price at which the Bank of England must at present take up its notes, and let it rise in the markets like other commo dities in this taxed country, and the value of our E ng li s h pound will just be what amount of gold, or anything else, it will purchase; and this value will depend and be regulated by the amount of indirect taxation which Parliament chooses to levy on the country, and will therefore have a much steadier and uniform value than any money based on the precious metals; its value will in crease with the diminution of taxation, and di minish with the increase of taxation, so that it will be fbr the benefit of landowners, flindholders, annuitants, placemen, and every person enjoy ing fixed incomes, to see that the affairs of the nation are conducted with an eye to economy.—l am, Sir, you►'s truly, 4th January, 1844. Q.T. y- i ~~~ vi the s teado f esce s ' it that Artil. i join il l , will be se which sans for Lte ay. ,;nd th e ee ough l .eoftheit , efin' Lto• land' opo 0 0 0/ the , tli . e Po le le )c P 9 Cele" Ow r ite t be F o r 0°" le• ; o f 0 0,,f1 ,tii" 4100 . f roi i ho t oe re x° Ol t. de ° e ,f 00, P eri : t toto ie b to ot o ling o°' t he 1 1 1 " MORNING, JANUARY 6 1844 AR AND QUARTE in in the Years and Quarters ended sth oi or Decrease on each head thereof. ENDING Janupry, 1843, and: ANUARY 5, 1844. ;h of Janurry, 1844, showing the Increase YEAR YEAR QUARTERS ENDED QUARTERS ENDED Year ended Jan. 5. I Quarter ended Jan. 5. en d e d ~ ~...-.....----.... April 5, I July 5, Oct. 10, I Jan. 5, Jan. 5, April 5, July 5, Oct. 10, Jan. 5, ' Jan. 5, ..., 1812 1842 1811 , 1843 1813 1843 1813 1843 I 1811 1871 Increase. Decre ase . I I ncrease. I Decrease. Customs :- --- -- -- -.-- ----- Consolidated Duties ... 3,553,652 3,120,608 4,647,472 3,274,00,1 - 3,193,5€6,_ 3,391,473 4,276,151 3,4174,421 -' _ - - - Sugar Duty to Consoli- I dated Fluid - - - 262,546 1,252,733 - - - - _ - - Ditto to Supp'ies - 1,296,5015 910,0E9 - 763,405 - 1,253,957 1,092,511 _ - - - - -- --- -- ; Total Customs . 4,497.,"53 4,422,191 3,94.3,977 4,214,089 19,075, 7 110 4,219,537 4,557,201 5,529,538 4,711,968 19.073.219 Cus'oms - Excise 1,769,161 0,8 n. ) 100 :1,726,035 3,022,008 11,407,304 1,767,373 3,030,113 3,1166,550 3,030,771 11,79 i )807 Excise 387,503 8,763 - Stamps 1,5 H 1,487 1,693,379 1,631,45 t i 1,1i61,7.5 t 6,491,100 1,593,126 1,659,010 1,6:10,316 1,5;?3,6:)3 6 423,•55 Stamps • Taxes .. .1,981,831 194,1013 I,' 38,'57 4,190489 Taxes . 83,106 17,306 Property Tax 313,844 257,212 571,056 1,885,232 861,109 2,047,904 434,415 5,249,260 Property Tax 4,678,204 197,203 -- Post Office 11'2,100 154,009 168,0110 I 41,0;to 605,009 141,000 145,000 160,601 143,030 54. 2,4 i Post Office ... 13,000 2,t 90 Crown Lands... 30,500 30,000 12,500 40,000 11:`3,000 35 00 0 32,5 ' 0 0 7.0,000 50, 0 117,500 Crown Land, 15,500 10 Miscellaneous 323,193 213,757 20,924 21,537 579,411 511 , 55 5 1,06.3,524 17,714 11,9:7 LC • 7,711 Miscellaneous 1,055.330 9 ,620 ,620 --- .- _ Total Ordinary Revenue 8,530,147 11,467,666 11,991,197 11,143, 63 4 3,135,779 10,3251,522 1 ~ 333,, 93 13,'86,172 11,829,581 49,078,168 Total ... 6,121,037 178,612 760,315 75,0_7 Imprest Moneys, &c 25,714 267,530 111,070 1071 . 97 5 1 1,411 16 907 67,1.9 24,605 50,136 163,528 Imp. M , neys 312,883 56,961 Repayments ofAdvances 161,671 6 2,55. i 180,211 235,247 08 2 , 08 1 124,018 133,267 230,932 33'2,060 825,247 tiep. of Any... 1, , ,,5(7, ..... 96,813 1 10,169,477 173,539,280 13,351,409 12,211,777 .50,071,9.'1 Total Income 6,‘-`6.3,103 .521,523 F - 7,658 131,9.F.8 _- -_ -- - -- ---- --. - Total Income... 8,720,W2 11,837,748 12,285,478 11,4.'41,1(.7 41 ;329 ,F., ;5 ----- -- --- -- - - .-. Amount applied to Con- 7,046,404 6,930,776 9,047,560 6,850,0;4 29,734,791 9,760,269 6,417,506 10,323,636 '7,859,1, :34,536,9A " , solidated Fund 521 525 Deduct Deduct De- Ditto, as Advances ri/ 938 [ Dem,' ce.. crease- Ditto, --- as Ways& Means of the Year 1,659,016 4,026,319 3,064,291 4,626,05.3 13,975,710 567,820 6,905,273 3,187,773 4,610,383 14,721,259 5,742,078 [ intgeTeearon 7'44°7°l'llcl-ea" 'or. . ,the Quarter -- , Total 8,72.41,532 !1,637,744 1 12,285,478 1 1 , 1 8%107 44,329,865 10,469,477 13,539,250 13,851,409 112,211,777 50,071,943 I No. ll.—lncome and Charge of the Consolidated Fund, in the Quarters ended the sth January, 1813, and the'sth January, 1844. Quarters ended Jan 5, SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNAL S FR'33( THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. TIMES.—The news from India is calculate t to excite, rather than gratify, curiosity. Dis sensions, overt and apprehended, treasona sus pected and punished, in Lahore; the collection of one large army at Agra, the meditated pro gress of the Governor-General to the Suilej at um head of another; and his provision for the adm:;,- nistration of Bengal during his absence—all theset indicate, if not Zdetermination to carry war into. the Punjaub, at least a conviction that a war, Must ensue, sooner or later, in that country, and_ that it is necessary to meet it with promptitude,. 1 Vigour, and decisi on . W e h ave hitherto de-1 nonnced all unneceEsary invasions as unjust anti. immoral. In the case of India, they might also. be with truth condemned as most intl.olitic. The. vast number of nations already subject to us. between the Indus and the Burhampooter, .-en ders an accession of em; ire at once oner.sus and hazardous. We would prefer svci ig the British possessions confined within the tr present limits to obtaining an ex tensio n of territory at the cost of justice, good faith:, or the - welfitre of the natives. But poll necessity is a stern and rigid despot.. She disregards scrupulousness; she net:ides eau tion. Inflexible in purpose, and rapid in her execution, yet shy is neither capricious nor wan tonly unjust. She balances the good against this evil ; and though she may sometimes be re- • proached with doing a little wrong in order to compass a great right, she oftener waves a secur ing right to obtain a real and lasting good. Sher discountenances arbitrary aggression and preda tory conquests; but she still further discounte nances the indifference which provokes contempt, and the tranquillity which hoards up insult and war fin a future day. What has been the history of our Indian possessions ? Has it not been a continuous series of involuntary acquisitions? Have we not been betrayed into hostilities by treachery or violence ; from collision gained ter ritory 'and power; from success in the field formed profitable and honourable alliances; and on our pacific relations laid the foundations of g; eater glory and greater power ? Those who at first courted us from tear have turned against us in perfidy; and those whom we subdued once were lulled by our moderation into a disbelief of our resources and a contempt of our daring; until, in self-defence, we were compelled to cas tigate perfidious friends, or to coerce rash and unprovoked enemies. From allies and con querors we became masters ; and those who fOund themselves neighbours to a new and grow ing dynasty invoked our assistance, and submitted themselves to our protection. The same cycle of treachery, aggression, and temerity was again re peated ; and at last, despise our sure protest, from a slip of ground on the coast of Madras, we ac quired the empire of Hindostan. But the con quests which have been achieved may enforce the necessity of future acquisitions. The elements of internal weakness will hardly be confined to one or two particular States ; and the helplessness which has suggested,or the misfortunes which have com pelled, previous submissions to the British Go vernment, • may render future submission in evitable. In the States which have retained, or seem to retain, their independence up to the present. time, causes may now be operating no lesS forcible than those which dethroned the Nabob of Bengal, and degraded the Monarch of Delhi into a glittering appendage of Saxon do mination. And if these causes be already at work—if at Lahore the Minister is.vieWed with jealousy and hatred—if another revolUtiottiS ap prehended, which to the suddenness of the former one may add the atrocities of greater bloodshed and the perils of further change—if already the inhabitants are flying fbr security into the British territory —if at Peshawur there is dread of an Affghan invasion—if in Sinde a savage insurrection is apprehended from a halt-conquered people—if at Gwalior are felt - the embarrassments and the per plexities which have never failed to hamper the minority of an Eastern despotism—if all these elements of trouble are at work in the independent States, we do not see how they can otherwise than re-act upon those which are either allied or tributary to us. Sooner or later the flame of discord must burst forth ; nor will the danger of the conflagration be confined to the scene of its origin. To be prepared, then, is not only wise, as against any danger; but it is at once wise and merciful to make such prepa rations as will defend our Indian possessions from the insolence of rash aggression, and, if they do not succeed in preventing a war in the north western parts, will at least succeed in bringing that war loan honourable and happy termination. We do not desire for this country territorial aggran dizement; but when we look to the condition of the native population of India—when we content plate what may be done—much more, alas! than that which has been done—by bringing them in contact with English habits, opinions, and sen timents—by emancipating them from the yoke of caste, from the mock servility to their pageant Princes, from the tyranny o f exac ti on , an d from the spoliation of usury—when we see the poor inhabitants of a troubled district running for se curity into the EngliSh possessions, as into a place of safe refuge—we certainly do recognise, not only the State policy, but we may even call it, the social philanthropy of those demonstra tions which are intended to repress insurgent Ameers, to control the Court of Lahore, amid to intimidate the successors of Scindia, by a bold ness and a vi gour suc h as wrenched the sceptre from the hand of Surajah Dowlah, stemmed the might of Hyder Ali, and crushed the marauding violence of the Mahrattas. CHRONICLE—An able aml well-timed parnPlll-,e't has just been published by Ridgway, until of "What is to be done? or, Pre sent,. Past, and Future." The question is one that the whole kiogdoin is beginning to ask. We firmly believe that no five minutes' conversation on public affairs takes place in any part of the empire without its occurrence. No year within the memory of this generation has opened upon a mass of political embarrassments so intricate, so dangerous, so perplexing, as those which now sur round and menace the Government of the country. It is a time for hearing any man who can give a word of seasonable advice; and the writer of the pamphlet before us, whoever he may be, is evidently qualified, by knowledge, sagacity, and earnestness, to give counsel worthy of attention. His work displays an intimate knowledge of the politics of the last twenty years; the style is brilliant and forcible, and the matter so abundant that it would supply themes fin• many articles. He treats first of men, and then of measures. This is the right order at such a time as the present. When the crisis is sharp, and life is in peril, the first question must be, who is qualified to pre scribe ?—who has shown the capacity to cure? Morever, it is an indispensable part of prudence, ' in such cases, to inquire what each set of men professes to do, what it has always been trying •to do, and what it has successfully done ? After some remarks On the break-up of the old Tory party in 1827, and of the singularly unsuccessful Administration of the Duke of Wellington, the author of the pamphlet sketches the history of the memorable ten years of Whig Government. lie describes, briefly and fairly, the unequalled combination of great measures by which that period was distinguished, and in doing so recalls much which, with the proverbially easy oblivion of benefits received, men have been too ready to forget. Assuredly no other Ministry ever took its place in history with so splendid a series of legislative triumphs. Tosay nothing ofthe repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts, or of Catholic Emancipation, which were virtually carried by the same party, when in opposition, against the will of the Tory Government, we had Parlia mentary reforms—abolition of slavery—munici pal reform—the establishment of national edu cation in Ireland, and its commencement in England—English and Irish Church reforms — punishment of death reforms—poor -law reform —postage refbrm—law reforms—pension-list re forms —abolition of sinecures—diminution of placemen and patronage—reduction of seven millions of taxes, leaving, on the whole, a ba lance of surplus revenue over expenditure, and, when large necessary expenditure for a time destroyed that surplus, an attempted taxation reform, involving the abolition of all monopolies and protections. I; early every one of these reforms brought the Government into hosti lity with some corrupt interest; and, by con tinual collision, it grew weaker from day to day. The feelings connected with private in terests are more constant, intense, and effec- tive in their operation, than those arising from public benefits; and every year of Whig Government added to the number of those who had the strongest reasons to wish, and scheme, and struggle for its downfal. Mean while the popular enthusiasm, which had floated the Reform Bill over every obstacle, was ebbing away, and the old Tory interests were emerging from the tide, and gaining pro m i nence d a il y. At length the Tory Government was restored by the grand coalition of monopoly interests, which defeated the Whig bud!, , et. But what it, and what is its position ? The author of the pam phlet gives a masterly answer to this question. He commences with a felicitous portrait of Sir Robert Peel, which will be found elsewhere, and every trait of which deserves the attentive con sideration of those who feel the least interest in the character of the Governmept. He then goes S IT ‘c ~::: i-- , •',- Alf fa...- on, and makes good every al , itkiti;_th ,:„ 0: 4'5 1,::. 9-4 by proofs in detail, which, • jogp-siirt., **4'. ~, I, amount to a demonstration, ab 6 : :Iy;11-5.ii 1 :,.:-/c-1 of the essentially unstatesma ik' - sl . r.q:er.. - ,• the Prime Minister, We can x ; upasi 49 y S any stupidity so opaque, a s 4ti etly: l . Prerl I judice so callous to unwelcome impression, or any subtlety of evasion so refined, as to blunt the edge or resist the force of this calm and logical exposition. We recommend a careful perusal of it to all Members of Parliament, as a preparation to the discussions on the address. But what is the main source of weakness in the present Government? it lies in the tiict that the Government is, from its party posi , ion and history, even if not—which may be doubted-- from inclination, stationary and repressive, while the public mind i,; advancing. The Whig Go vernment showed itself fully cognizant of the wants of the time. It might not have advanced as fast as many wished, but its movement was onward, and its principles were those of pro gression. It gave the great example of a progiTssive Administration, and su created a prayerful public opinion, which will not be content with a Government that is not progrt ssive. The old vessel, which wily moved by tacking right and left, as the win is of party blew, Low feels tile applica tm of a novel and tremendous power. The Cap!ain, in despite of a mutinous crew, tries to shape his course according to the new circum stance, but he either does not know how, or is not permitted to adapt himself to the unusual but irresistible impulse. It is evident that a new bead and new hands are necessary to avert ship wreck. The management of public opinion has I become, what the management of the House of %Commons was formerly, an art of primary im portance to every Government. But how is it poosible that this eminently active and expan sive principle should ally itself with t h e i nert policy of such a Cabinet as the present ? How is it possible that a man like Sir Robert Peel, who has spent his life in short sighted endeavours to prevent the inevitable triumphs of public opinion a man whose chief title to be historically remembered is derived from a series of tardy and reluctant submissions to its imperative demands—should now, at the elevetth hour, evince the skill and mental ascendancy necessary to guide the move ment by which he has been hitherto so igno miniously driven? No such moral miracle-can he looked fir. The Premier will still be the same football of fortathe that he has been. The direction in which he may be thina next will de pend up in the quarter from which the strongest uoptilne may be given. z...rpfseescuons to puohe opinion he is very likely to make ; but they will be made when they have lost the power to con ciliate, and can accomplish no end but to irritate the passions of the party to isi%om concessions are a loss, and heighten the demands and expec rations of those who receive them, not with gra• titnde, but with contemptuous triumph. A Mi nister like this was not born to set right times so much out of joint as the present. He is not the man to tell us " What is to be done ?" POST. —We have, during the past year, con tinually, emphatically, declared our opinion, that Sir Robert Peel has based his Government on a wrong principle; he has based it on the fears of the timid, not on the hopes of the courageous— on the indifferentism of the worldly-minded, not on the generosity of the high-hearted —on all the low and some of the respectable feelings, not on the high and ennobling virtues of mankind. Sprung., as he himself boasts, from the middle classes, the mean, thought it often be the mean between right and wrong, is ever to him the happy mean ; neither high nor low, hot nor cold, approving nor condemning, he has fixed his Government on the moderate opinions of the moderate portion of the middle classes, and there " Content to dwell in decencies for ever," .te and it remain. In the meantime the princi ples, opinion►, and aspirations of his supporters are to be examined, and as they are to be found in the highest and lowest, as well as the middle classes, it is of the first importance to discover whether the middle class basis he has adopted finds favour in their eyes or not. It is our belief that it does tint. It pleases neither the aristo cracy nor the people ; and an English Govern ment in these days should aim at pleasing both, and benefiting the one through the medium of the other. In sayir+g• this, we arc far from wish ing a return to the Virhig oligarchy established at the Revolution, nut are we anxious to see men of high birth or rank invested with office, simply on that account ; but we are anxious to see more deference paid to the opinions of the natural leaders of the people, a greater desire shown to consult their advice, and less to follow thatof their vulgar enviers, than we have been able to detect in the proceedings of Sir It. Peel's firovernment. It may, perhaps, be said that we are arguing on wrong data ; that the aristo cracy is well pleased with the Government, and that the House of Lords has passed all its mea sures with overwhelming majorities. True, the majorities may be as large, I.r nearly so, as they were before ; but where are the energy and en thusiasm that render those majorities really triumphant? Though a thousand causes con nected with private friendship and public duty may keep under any open expression of disap probation, will any one venture to say that the feeling of at least one-half of the House of Lards: is strongly and heartily in favour of Sir Robert Peel and his Government? The contrary is too. notoriously the case. But is the matter mended as we descend the scale ? By no means. The rural aristocracy is, if possib!e, more alienated from the Ministry than are the nobles; the representatives of the country gentlemen iu Parliament have done nothing hut grumble and complain—after a very lame and im potent fashion, we confess—since the Mi nister first propounded his commercial schemes. Every club has resounded wilt their expres sions of discontent, and the Carlton, last sum mer, was a hot-bed of sedition. Indeed,. always excepting the middle classes, it would be difficult to mention any great division in the country with which the Ministry can be said Lo be in favour. The Church, which embraces all, and to \dile!' we Shall devote a separate article, regards Sir H. Peel with distrust; and the lower classes are loud in their complaint that no prac tical relief has been afforded to them. They deserted and discarded the Whigs because, talking loudly and promising much, the Whigs did practically nothing for them; and it now behoves the Tories to take care, lest, failings in a similar manner, a similar fate await alga. It is vain to aay that the Whigs were turned of office, not because their• principles were wrong, but because they skilled not to carry them conveniently into practice; they fell bemuse, professing democratic principles, they acted for the benefit of an oligarchy, and gave way to the Tories in order that they, professing Royalist principles, might act for the benefit of the people. We see, to say the least of it, a dispo sition in men in power, and their more imme diate followers, to profess the same abstract principles of governing as their predecessors, and, believing those principles to be essentially wrong, we continue to give them our hearty op position. We are confident that if anything can save this country, it is, under God, a recurrence to those sounder, more humane, more Christian principles which guided our forefathers; and .we shall ever be ready to help and urge on. those who are not afraid or ashamed to plant the old Tory standard in the ground, and under its folds to fight the battle out. There is energy enough, enough of patriotism, enough of religion, to render the fight hopeful ; and the gentlemen of England—those, at least, who will engage in it —have the glorious satisfaction of knowing that if they succeed, they rescue not only the Monarch froth degradation, and themselves from contempt, but the poor and oppressed people of England from the harsh and grinding tyranny of a sensual, heartless, and ignoble plutocracy. STANDARD.—THE REVENUE.—The Reve nue for the Quarter and Financial Year, ending to-day will be made up this evening, and we rejoice in being able to state, that from the accounts already received, it is likely to show an increase on the quarter, as compared with the corresponding quarter of last year, and on the year a considerable increase. In the important item of Excise on the year there is, we believe, an increase of about 400,0001. The Customs also, we under stand, will exhibit an increase on the year of nearly half a million. In the Stamps there is a small decrease on the quarter. The Property and Income-tax remains much the same, averaging something more than 1,260,0001. the quarter. In the Assessed Taxes a slight decrease is anticipated. The Post-office returns, it is ex pected, will not materially differ from former quarters; and the returns from the other branches of the revenue are considered to be satistlictory. On the whole, the aspect of the revenue for the last year is most gratifying. It shows a gradual increase in the trade and corn fierce of the country, and will, we believe, exhibit a surplus. The revenue for the year ending to-day will, it is confidently expecte d, nt th e exact the expenditure of the country; public departments have not returns from the says the Herald, exact amount is not yet known, as some o f the e yet been completed. rilttimonay i r n e t l o iev N e vl " ich the excellent a he Causes of Distress and Sys the Foreign and Colo. articlee 111 1 ti ° e poß Colonisation," in INCOME. Customs.—Consolidated Duties Sugar applicable to the Consolidated Fund Total Customs Excise Stamps Taxes Prope ty Tax Post Office Crown Lands Miscellaneous lmprest and other Monies Repayment of Advances To Cash brought to this Account to be applied to pay off Deficiency Bills 3,274,000 3,271,000 3,011,198 1,561,751 1,::R,114 257,212 141,000 40,c )9 21,557 1 cao 97 235,247 10,5! - i5,709 Jo•,oro 10,365,7( 9 3,671,424 3,674,421 3,049,843 1,523,6 M 1,868,857 454,415 143,0) 0,009 11,917 50,1.6 332,060 11,138,305 11,138,305 REMEDY HYDROCYANIC ACID—A FOR BLINDNESS. (From Chambers' Edinburgh Journal. In the summer of last year, while residing for a month in London, no subject of interest which the metropolis presents engaged so large a share of my at tention as one which now, after considerable delibera tion, I propose explaining to the reader of these pages on the score of public duty. I allude to a series of personal examinations which I made respecting the validity of certain alleged cures and meliorations of blindness, performed by Dr. Turnbull, of Russell square, chiefly by means of hydrocyanic acid. It is proper to say why an unprofessional person should have considered it at all necessary to devote time to the investigation of a subject of this nature. The first time I heard anything of Dr. Turnbull's operations on the eye, was through an article in the Literary Gazette of June 12, 1842, from which, cn the credit of that print, and simply for the sake of conveying what appeared a piece of curious scientific information to the public, an extract was made into the present journal (No. 546). There, in all proba bility, the matter might have rested, but for what seemed an unreasonable attack from a Contemporary, calling in question the truth of the statements in the Journal, and protesting against the injury they were likely to accomplish. Having sinned in ignorance, if they had sinned at all, the editors of Chambers's Edin burgh Journal resolved to embrace the first convenient opportunity of investigating, personally, what was evidently a two-sided subject, and of forming their own opinion. No doubt this was a hazardous reso lution, for, unacquainted with the state of ocular sur gery, they might possibly be misled by appearances, and give credence to what was in reality a fallacy. Nevertheless, with a determination to exercise caution in a matter so intricate, to sift the evidence presented, and to judge only from facts, they hoped to satisfy themselves whether the allegations against them rested on a basis of truth or prejudice. This opportunity happily occurred, as has been said, in the summer of the past year, when one of th e e dit ors , th e p resen t writer, was for a few weeks in the metropolis. To descend to the first person—One of the earliest of my movements after arriving in town was to wait upon Dr. Turnbull and explain the object of my visit. This was no sooner announced, than that gen tleman professed his willingness to give me every in - formation respecting his practice in cases of blindness, to explain all that seemed puzzling or difficult, and to submit his patients freely to every sort - of examination which. I chose to institute. ~-" What time," said I, "do your gratis patients attend ?" " Thrice a-week, at nine in the morning." " Then I shall be in at tendance at that time during my stay in London." I did so, and every alternate morning found me on my way up Tottenham Court-road, towards Russell square, where the subjects of my inquiry were con gregated. The cases chiefly brought under my notice wore those of from thirty to forty poor people, in dif ferent states of blindness, and whose condition I could progressively observe. Some of the cases were among those which had already been made known in the Literary Gazette; others were more recent. In either instance, the parties showed no reluctance to tell me the story of their maladies, and submitted with pa tience to my repeated examinations and cross questionings. One by one they were brought from an adjoining room into the surgery, and operated upon in my presence. I shall here describe, as clearly as possible, the principle on which the Doctor pro fesses to act. Some years ago, according to his own account, having remarked that the eyes of persons who had destroyed themselves by hydrocyanic or prussic acid remained clear and dilated, he considered that the acid exerted a specific action upon the eye, which might be made available as a medical agent for re lieving many of the , diseases to which that organ is subject. After - feW- cautious experime n t s , h e be came assured of the - truth of his conjectures, and began to apply the vapour of this powerful acid to the eyes of persons afflicted with blindness, and with surprising effect. As far as I have compre hended his explanations, the vapour acts both as a stimulant and sedative. By exciting the small blood-vessels to a great degree, the languid circulation is roused into activity ; and nature, no longer shackled by the morbid affection, hastens to restore the organ to its normal condition, and sight is the conse quence. Subsequent experiments showed to Dr. Turnbull that the practice might be advantageously varied, to suit different cases, were he to employ other agents, as the vapour of chloracyanic acid, sulphu retted chyazic acid, and chloruret of iodine. Each of these, therefore, he now uses in a small phial with a glass stopper, and with a mouth shaped to cover the hollow of the eye. In the bottle containing the hydro cyanic acid, in order to prevent any dangerous conse quences from accidentally spilling the liquid, he puts some pieces of asbestos to act as a sponge ; the use of it is hence quite safe, care only being taken not to allow the patient to smell it. The same thing is done with respect to the chloracyanic acid. Having received these preliminary explanations, it became important for me t o un d erstan d upon what kinds of blindness the vapour of these acids might be most advantageously directed. The cases submitted to my inspection were various in their nature—opa city of the cornea, rheumatic opthalmia, staphyloma, or projecting sloughed eye, amaurosis, cataract, and some others. On some of these the operations with the hydrocyanic acid and other vapours were, from what I could observe, more efficacious than others. The first case of more than ordinary interest which I shall mention was that of Diana Prim rose. A number of years ago, as this woman told me, her eyes became afflicted with opthalmia; they were swollen, inflamed, and so blind, that she could only distinguish light, and she required to be led by a guide ; to aggravate her complaint, the eyelashes would grow no other way but inwards. The pains in her head were very severe. She attended several hospitals and institutions in the hope of finding relief, but without the least benefit. On one occasion, a surgeon cut away a portion of the upper lid of the left eye, and many of her eyelashes were from time to time pulled out. From less to more, the poor creature became a spectacle of horror to all who saw her; and her existence was a burden which she would willingly have resigned. At length she visited Dr. Turnbull, who, by applying his usual medical agents, suppressed the virulence of the complaint ; the hitherto refractory eyelashes began to grow as nature designed them, outwards; and now there seemed little the matter with her, except a redness of the eyelids, and a dimness in the organs of vision. She said she could now see pretty well ; she could read large print, walk about without a guide, the pains in her head were gone, and she was able to support herself by her industry ; in proof of this, she brought for w ard a b as k e t o f coloured worsted articles, by the knitting of which she earns a livelihood. She expressed a lively grati tude for her restoration to sight, and the last time I saw her she was advancing towards a perfect recovery. Of the cases of staphyloma, or projecting eye, with opacity of the cornea, none interested me more than that of a little girl, by name Georgina Larkins. This sweet-tempered child became blind when she was six days old, in consequence of an attack of inflammation. Referring to the professional history of her case, already before the public, it is sufficient for me here to mention, that all the ordinary means for restoring sight proved, in her case, unavailing ; and that in April, 1840, she was brought to Dr. Turnbull, a ghastly object—the left eye projecting to twice the natural dimensions, and of a general blue colour, with a white body re sembling a mother-of-pearl button in the centre; while the right eye was white, without any appear ance of iris or pupil. The case was as hopeless as could well be imagined, yet to it the Doctor set with his applications, beginning by putting a drop of castor oil into each eye, and occasionally substituting for the CHARGE. Permanent Debt 'Terminable Annuities Interest on Exchequer Bills issued to meet the charge on the Consolidated Fund Sinking Fund The Civil List Other charges on the Consolidated Fund For Advances, and to pay off Exchequer Bills issued for Advances Total Charge The Surplus The Amount of Exchequer Bills issued to meet the charge on the Consolidated Fund for the Quarter ended July 5, 1843, and paid off out of the growing produce of that Fund for the Quarter ended January 5, 1544 !The Amount issued in the Quarter ended January 5 ; 1844, in part of the sums granted by Parliament out of the Consoli I dated Fund for Supply Services The Surplus of the Consolidated Fund, Quarter ended January 5, 1844 The probable amount of Exchequer Bills required to meet the charge on the Consolidated Fund, Quarter ended January 5, 1814 castor oil the oil of almonds. By this treatment, in two months he diminished the size of both eyes, and so much decreased the - opacity of the right eye, that the pupil made its appearance, and the child began to see, and to be able to walk alone. After an interval in attendance, caused by the Doctor's absence from town, during which nothing was done for her, she returned in 1842, when the vapour .of the hy drocyanic acid was regularly' applied . to both eyes. This mode of.treatment still further reduced the size of the left eye, bringing it within the com pass of the eyelids, and finally diminished the right eye to a proper size, besides gr ea tly s t reng th en i ng it s power of v i s i on . he had attended a school for the blind, where she learned to read raised letters by touch ; but now that she is able to see, she reads equally well by the eye as the fingers. I tried her both ways, and think the eye had the best of it; she read passages in a volume which I took from my pocket with facility and propriety. While the right ey e had thus far advanced, leaving comparatively little to, be done to it, the left eye was gradually losing its whitish opacity; the blue pupil was shining out; and, supposing the cure to go no farthery, the orb was be• coming less offensive in its general appearance —a Matter of some consequence to a face otherwise far from unpleasing. When I last saw this child, her health was greatly better than it had been in her days of total and hopeless blindness. The removal of sloughs or opacities of the cornea was shown in various other cases ; a person who had been blind in the right eye for twenty years, said he now could see with it. Many entered and left the room by their own unaided sight, who told me they could not formerly walk without a guide. At one time there used to be nearly as many " leaders" in attendance as blind , people ;. now, few of ..these are required. AS soon AS one gets a glimmering of sight, he begins to act as a guide to others, and thus " the blind leading the blind" is no longer a mere figure in rhetoric. That opacities in the external coating of the eye should be removable by a pungent and active vapour, is much less surprising than that such applications should at all affect cases of cataract, which resembles a pearly matter within the eye, and therefore removed considerably from the proximate action of the vapour from the acid. Several cases or this form of blindness were brought under my notice, as having been par tially meliorated by the process ; but, on the whole, I think the Doctor was less successful in this depart ment than in others. 'The cure, if 'it be possible, is evidently tediou ; but •as cataract is - removable by couching, a want of success with the external applica tions is perhaps the less to be regretted. Some cases of amaurosis interested me not a little. Amaurosis, it is proper to explain, is that form of blindness in which the eyes appear sound to an server, but are really incapable of vision. The defect arises from paralysis of the optic nerve, or the branches of the fifth pair of nerves ; or sometimes from disease rof the brain itself. The restoration of sight in such cases, particularly if of a confirmed nature, has hitherto been considered hopeless by the profession. ' Dr. Turnbull entertains a very different opinion. He believes the complaint to be removable by stimulating the nerves and the circulation in thc neighbourhood of the eye. This he.does in'two ways ; first, by apply ing the vapour of hydrocyanic acid to the ball of the eye, in the manner already described; and second, by the application of essential oils, diluted in alcohol, to the forehead ; warmth, increased circulation, ab sorption, and action, are the consequence. By treat ment of this kind, I found several patients so far re covered from their amaurosis, as to,be able to read by sight any book put before them. Sophia Brown, a milliner, told me she had -- b — e7n quite blind with amaurosis, and had been dismissed as past remedy by all the medical men to whom she g 1 '• applied. But by her A tt eil a a j,, c9 ," D r; :,.T uip b u l l f or seven' rmiriths, is giriduanY gr-"nlih 1/4 she can now see oblecti'', though. nqt, can walk without rtgiride.• I left her with sight proving and general health greatly better. Sophia Townsend, who had been blind with amaurosis in the left eye, for which nothing could be done of the least value by the medical men in whose hands she had been, c ou ld now, a f ter three months ' applications, see so well w i t h t h at eye, as to be able to read with it. To sati s f y myself stil l further as to the possibility of assuaging amaurosi s b y t h e externa l stimulant s , I sent for a person, named J o h n Pl un k e t, formerly an at torney s clerk, who for several years had been so blind with amaurosis, as to be led about by his children. This man told me that his left eye had been destroyed by operations, and therefore Dr. Turn bull addressed himself only to the right. By re peated applications of essential oils to the forehead his sight in this undestroyed eye gradually recovered. This recovery took place four years ago, and his sight was still improving by weekly applications. He read a book which I produced, and is desirous of employ ment as a clerk. This was a very satisfactory case of recovery from amaurosis, but perhaps not more so than another, that of Eleanor M`Cartney, a poor Irish woman in St. Giles' Workhouse, Holborn. Guided by Mrs. Bailey, the respectable matron of this Insti tution, I was conducted to the couch of this bed-rid pauper, whose neat and c l ean ly appearance, as she sat up in bed, bespoke a d ec l ensio n from better days. Eleanor told her case in few words. About the year 1829 she became quite blind in the right eye, and deaf in the right ear, from an attack of paralysis, in which state she remained till 1835, when Dr. Turn bull, by his applications, restored her sight and hear ing in a week, and she had retained both ever since. Mrs. Bailey corroborated all the poor woman said. At my request she read a few passages with the formerly blind eye from a devotional work lying by her bed side. This quite satisfied me. In one of my latest visits to Dr. Turnbull's, I saw for the first time a case of conical eye, a f orm o f dis ease which I understand has hithert o b een con maacutiroonsis(.:.f In the th v i a s po d u is r o , rd th e e speck in this case disorder an obtuse p o i nt, w i th a brilliant small pi ece o f crystal were laid was disappe ar i ng, and the sight upon r ek e yt d iehne a p s frr ooji cornea. nnetc:tusar as if t b i of l B e ay a s th a e coming back. Sometimes I was permitted to see patients moving in the higher spheres of life ; but their cases were usually of a more simple and less painful nature than the others. One of the most interesting of this class was that of a gentleman who complained of having ever present in one of his eyes a small speck, which marred the field of vision. He mentioned, however, that there was no actual speck in the organ, that it was a mere spectrum, which, greatly to his surprise, had been im pressed on the retina after he had on one occasion been looking intently through a telescope, in which a speck happened to be on one of the lenses. The men tion of this remarkable apparition recalled to Dr. Turnbull's memory some analogous cases which he recounted. " I remember," said he, a "on the occa sion of the annular eclipse of the sun few years ago, that several people with weak and over-susceptible eyes, even although sheltered by smoked glass, re ceived impressions which remained for a length of time. One gentleman called on me to say, that he could not, night or day, get the eclipse out of his eye. Wherever he looked, there the bright ring of the sun, with the !darkened moon in the centre, was present. I could not, unfortunately, relieve him from his apparationary tormentor, for I had not then dis covered the mode of treatment I now pursue." This curious case of abiding spectrum was paralleled by another which was mentioned, that of a gentleman who, from having one day looked fixedly at a print of the Lord's prayer the size of a sixpence, received the impression of it on the retina, where, to his annoy= once, it remained ever present to his sense of vision. After a little conversation on the cause of such sin- gularities, the gentleman who was affected with the small speck was subjected to the ordinary applica- Quarters ended Jan. 5. 1843 I ISt 8,266,3433 657,0:0 19,5130 97,fi73 4,59,1: 9 140,000 9,639,885 1,025,824 1 0,6C5,709 2,967,839 1,V1,517 8;241,090 616,801 4,847 217,135 97,! , 97 427,852 ,291,t,01 9,906,7 z 8 1;231,517 11,13,20.5 3,726,537 1,731,322 5,4(31,859 tions ; but having left town before any decided melioration was effected, I am unable to say what was the result. Here my personal observations may be considered as having drawn to a close, leaving the conviction on my mind, that the account given of Dr. Turnbull's operations on the eye. was substantially correct, and that by snegfis of the vapour of prussic acid, and other stimulants applied in the manner I have described, sight will in many cases be restored, when, as I have reason to believe, all the ordinary forms of counter irritation and stimulus fail. I can at least say that, in every instance I judged for myself; and entirely with a reference to the elucidation of truth. I took the histories of the patients from their own mouths, and have no reason to suppose they had any intention to deceive, or were themselves deceived by imaginary feelings. I could not, indeed, for a moment enter tain the idea that they were anything but what they plainly appeared ; persons, for the most part, in humble circumstances, eager to be relieved from a great bodily affliction, and thankful for the relief they had already experienced. . Having thus received what I believed to be the most credible testimony respecting the efficacy, and, I may add, the simplicity and safety of Dr. Turnbull's applications to the eye, I felt satisfied that, in copying the account from the Literary Gazette, these pages had not been stained by giving currency to anything like imposture ; at the same time, from the extraor dinary unwillingness of the medical world to believe a single word respecting the powers of prussic acid to meliorate blindness, I deemed it necessary to be cautious in making any fresh statement on the subject. On my arrival in Edinburgh, there fore, after a journey on the Continent in the interval, I submitted my experiences to a medical friend, Alexander Miller, Esq., Fellow of the Royal .college of Surgeons, with a request that he would gratify me by giving Dr. Turnbull's form of applica tion a fair trial. Having kindly consented to my wish, this gentleman first tried the vapour of prussic in a bottle prepared by Dr. Turnbull for the purpose, upon one of his patients, a boy, who was affected with opacity of the cornea in one of his eyes. Greatly to his delight, and mine also, and much more so to the parents of the child, the boy, after being blind, was restored to sight after a few applications. The following is Mr. Miller's account of the case :- 32, Buccleuch-place, Edinburgh, Nov. 28, 1843. My dear Sir,—Having, at your desire, undertaken to ascertain the effect of the application of the vapour of hydrocyanic acid in certain affections of the eye, I beg to furnish you with the results I have observed during the short time I have been engaged with this important investigation. The first case in which I employed the vapour is the only one that I will de tail at any length, as it is much further advanced towards recovery than any of the others ; in fact, the cure may be said to be all but completed. It was a case of opacity of the cornea. A boy, J. C., set. 7, of a strumous habit, and of a strumous family, in the summer of 1842 suffered from an attack of small-pox, before recovering from which he was seized with measles. During these attacks both eves were affected with inflammation, which con tinued more or less severe for nearly twelve months, notwithstanding the constant employment of reme dies, the right eye suffering more than the left : when the inflammation at last yielded, it was found that no disorganisation of the left eye had taken place, but that the right one had suffered to a very consi derable extent ; the cornea was found opaque to nearly four-fifths of its whole extent, the greatest opacity occupying the centre, and gradually diminish ing. towards the circumference; the only part not affected .was the margin, where it joins the sclerotic. The effect of this opacity of the cornea was to impede vision completely, so that the boy could not, with the affected eye, distinguish one object from another; could too 'Was to stiseersk light from dark ness. . Such was the Rate „matters for month's' previous to the Ist OCtober last, when the hydrocy anic acid vapour was first applied. This I ascertained from personal observation before using the vapour. The hydrocyanic acid was applied according to the method recommended by Dr. Turnbull of London, and by means of the apparatus procured by you from him. The immediate effect was increased secretion of tears, redness of the conjunctiva and cornea; these in stantly becoming covered with numerous small vessels, the eyelids also participating in the redness, their colour contrasting strangely with the surrounding paleness of the face. The boy declared he felt no pain, only an agreeable sensation of heat was produced. The application of the vapour has been re peated every second, third, or fourth day, as it was found convenient, so that in all it has been applied about twenty different times. The change upon the cornea has been not only remarkable, but most satisfactory ; the opacity perceptibly diminishing after every application, until there now only remains the slightest haziness, which I am confident will also dis appear after a few more applications. There has likewise been a corresponding improvement in the vision. From being unable to distinguish the largest objects, he now can discern the smallest. Besides the above, I have employed the hydrocyanic acid vapour in upwards of twelve other eases of various affections of the eye but in none for suc h a l ong per i o d . They have all come under my care during the last two or three weeks, and have the disadvantage of being of much longer standing than the one detailed, and must necessarily require longer time before the beneficial effects are produced, many of these being cases of from fifteen to twenty years' standing. Still, from the im provement observed in several of these, where the affection is opacity of the cornea, I feel confident in assuring you that I look upon the vapour cf the hy drocyanic acid as a most valuable remedy in all such affections. With regard to its effects in other diseases, such as amaurosis, cataract, &c., I cannot, as yet, speak from my own observation and experience. As I have some cases of these affections under treatment, I shall be happy to communicate the results to you as soon as I have given the remedy a fair trial. One important fact which I have been able to establish is, that there is not the slightest danger attending the application of the hydrocyanic acid—providing due caution is observed in doing so—even in cases of the Most delicate and feeble constitution; for a more un healthy subject could not be found than the boy whose case I have described.—l am yours truly, ALEX. MILLER. _ After receiving such assurances, aniiiesitatiOn to publish the result of my inquiries seemed to me un justifiable and pusillanimous. I now, therefore, submit the foregoing statements, with a confidence in their accuracy ; and shall feel gratified if they in any way prove the means of inducing medical men to examine, apart from all private or personal considerations, into the merits of the discoveries and applications in ques tion. IV. C. CHINESE COLLECTION. —The following distin guished personages have recently honoured the Chinese Col lection by their visits :—His Royal Highness the Duke de Bordeaux (second visit) and numerous friends, Countess of Westmoreland and party, Admiral Sir E. Codrington and party, Earl Stanhope, his Excellency the Count and Countess St. Aulaire and party, &c. &e. Two handsome donations have lately been left to the two alms-houses in Ludlow, 1,0001. to Hosier's alms-house, and 6001. to Foxe's alms-house, by Miss Phillips, of Bristol, sister to Wm. Phillips, of Brimfield, near Ludlow. A Correspondent of The Sun paper, enclosed to the editor, in a letter from Cowes, Isle of Wight, flowers of all seasons, indicative of the extreme mildness of the weather, and, no doubt, as a strong hint, torching the soft loveliness of the air in the warm south coast of :::..ngland. But we can tell The Sun's Correspondent (for it is a Sun's affair) that at Stonehouse, between Devonport and Plymouth, in a garden behind Messrs. Payne and Wrentmoce's premises, is a tree now garnished with two hundred apples as large as wallnuts ; not a confectioner's twelfth night shove, but placed there by Nature's own sweet and cunning hand. We surpass them at Cowes, we have had flowers (blossom), and fruit.—Plymouth journal. ~I 1.4!