The Sun. — London, England, 1844-08-17 00:00:00

~T EWS n. that the fr Wolff by t ation o t 9 i an xiety ippears As to " &sure on d. ar adame iy, C ou n t cers, wfu t , Ily to diiU Ministers te , 31. de r e '', he college' his Maie ir st t ident of 0 01 lm el, Peer )eiro, Eu.,„.„ l° ' of the Po i I, member o t re o'clock"' Neuill/ 0 1 d a y revel g(' b ' )mpani, at comma nt cu stogid f a basice s rich date o 4 , Ltroduc_ rt ed Louis• The or the Pv" ier Franco; eted a tre S l Goveretat .!endanta , 'over shaej h a d grant; is they 0, 0 e affordec i er, to a !ssary. ti„ ; aenced No',l ad becotae tried J e Saone), ' 0 injudics?, d the OAT, them to r, n d the jc if e or inflict° employed rti, e du 14° e r mcame 0 ,. 0 round. kree we re ,. er. Th e ' Lll piPbe that, ov, nt a derTi vely rote the m which IP, advantage/i; mdenlY 0 . „ 0 de ea w:d a honorwi Cortina ° l v I, it rosi rested 013 ,j, loverraw lonths. , ft j the a' inst. that towns ites that owlis of istant, 1 1) . 1. 5 m i n reeor c i he hell" linendieo land be session, 7 : 4 Bankrer g 0,41 n. ,se aner of e., P.. busine SS 'otl e mni ssi s ce , vas °P o 0 1 l the a builder ° S. at DrUrr S. • 0 1 Own in A ,s• • ;CI to be '' wof 18, • oc at Bi t e t the pris t, eac h °UFA ad fracturti I s convict' i ction costs, lief 0 J'A ti ! s . Bd. s , dleset j cone ach u btog as gr. ro bbed,, et , of a I c ' i to v fed —. layOr 111 : 0 , d C ce an ~.40( a ddre ,- ' and most e 2 ,.. t1.5 s ; iness s' ev , his Pr es tO tage. .._. of P I iinsP- as jo who Ele oe earsof a e ; s, ra n ' o ught li f o ()IVY ° A n d , wag , f il gtO fore ig ht be t h if ,uppoZ rge ne ota .0' ti ) 31 cuse rough t he from be ised te. o o were P o o iin bee NOl ls ' erS „glO bo"e • ss ' r r aglo of e ' s ; 'W Lt (rz ee lbe ,pear e not s 4 ybe Btlol gh% riboo ° . w ee ef , r, a P°,:leti' ena e 7 he dee .- ro) ,e al P ero et' P tl i V 11 0 /: )f el t b l s laaiaf k Letoar 0 111. 1 the go $ 510 bol l° '01 1 ,7 two 50 13 e dog Noun r yh Olt as, ilea ait~ Rn lea TO es p it' p in lrtla ° trtl' W rdere' t ose ctv Pr : bll 5 Msi s l ie rs• ad °I lied flPf or u rt, a ict WO S I, T f t P *biPo anY • Bo i n to 1/- tS• Il • t it 68 4, " Ted to 10ng 13 7, . 0 13 0'11 1 - said of , damahls ge'l.ot servants Wes re ; ,°f t he Of W ca3.o y Dur t °2 ° Two man, named Rowe and Creed, were fined 403. each by the. Gravesend Magistrates for " touting." At the Thames Police -court, Cornelius Mahony, a coal - whipper, was brought before Mr. Ballantine on a charge of violently assaulting Charles Cottrell, a turn- Cock in the employ of the East London Waterworks Company, and Charles Smith, a fireman belonging to the London Fire-brigade Establishment, who is attached to the School-house-lane station, in Ratcliff. R appeared that the prisoner's premises were on fire, and that he had endeavoured, by assaulting the complainants, to pre vent them f rom ext i ngu i sh i ng the flames. He was com nutted for trial. COMMT-F.A.MONTAZt This is the birth-day o f f her Roya l Highness the Duches s of Kent, who completes her fifty-eight year. The Duchess will receive the congratulations of her august relatives at Frogmore on the return of the day, ruminate her R oya l Hi g h ness ' s tradesmen w i ll, it i s expected, uluminate their houses. The Duke of Wellington will give a grand dinner this evening, at Apsley House, to his Royal Highness Prince William of Prussia, the foreign corps diplomaCque, &c. The Austrian Count Arnsperg, accompanied by his • son and the preceptor to the youthful Count, arrived at the Clarendon Hotel the day before yesterday from Ger toasty. Lord Ravensworth arrived at Ravensworth Castle cn Thursday evening. 1515CMX.X.151 , 710173. • The locks m ith s o f W a l sa ll , W o l ver h ampton, Will en • all, and nei g hb our h oo d, num b er i ng a b out 300 persona, have turned out for an advance of five per cent. on their Wag es . The Earl of Galloway has forwarded the sum of 100 guineas in aid of the fund of the Hospital for Consump tion and Disease of the Chest, at Brompton. Mr. and Mrs - . Charles Mathews have signed an en gagement at the Surrey Theatre, where they will appear the second. week in September. Baythorne Bridge, which divides the counties of Essex a nd Sufrolk, and which has been in a dangerous state for ;some time, is now being repaired by the county ; it is to be 'widened four feet. The Ceres, f r o m Fl us hi ng , h as b een b roug ht i n to I tiUgstown barbour, by the Prince Albert, revenue cruiser, having beencaptured, after a chase of two hours, air the Leg of Man. She had on board 110 bales of tobacco. It is stated that the captain and some of the crew had escaped in a boat before the capture. The St. Louis Reveille gives an account of the catch- Diana ing two deer in the Mississippi, lately, by the steamer Vernon. They were swinimir.g side by side—the o"ot gave chase and they were soon noosed and hauled n board to 4 :eed the passengers on. efLecounls from the Moors state that sport there has o .:cellent and birds plentiful and strong on the luit . , of Col one l L owt h er b agge d s i xteen b race on t h e twel:ltY-five A ugust, and Sir George Musgrave brought down brace. 1. so me Y e ar sca rcely parts of Kent a great number of Irish reap ye are busily employed in getting in the harvest : last any came over from the sister isle, in con nctilenee of Mr. O'Connell's vigorous agitation for repeal 1 . . (I repeated summonses to his countrymen to attend his meeings, f r o JRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY.—The Grand June- U ri Ce raPany, in announcing a change of trains, add, „, a t " arrangements are in progress for attaching second its.nba_s:s carriages to the fast trains, for reducing the fares, .w.' e t for adding a cheap train for the poorer classes." rejoice to see this powerful company adopting so th ral a course of policy. We have no doubt whatever ri at. it will benefit them even in a pecuniary point of ety • -- -Railway Record. CAPE or GOOD HOPE, MAY 16, 1844.—The o D eath of L a d y D' Ur b an last year, at the Cape of Good e, w as d eeply and sincerely regretted by the people ntat colony, who have erecte d a p u bli c monu m en t t o e r memory, i n S t. G eorge ' s Church, Cape-town, bear g the following inscription To commemorate the "eeller lee and benevolence which so eminently distin pished the Character of Lady D'Urban, the wife of t leute naLt-General Sir Benj am i n D'Urban, G.C.8., rate es Governor o f t hi s co l ony, t hi s monument o f pu bli c t ,Peet and esteem, as also a school-house for the Female •-•claool of Industry at Wynberg, founded by Lady D'Ur ban in 1 836, and constantly fostered and superintended her u nt il h er decease, have been erected by the inha olstaate of the Cape of Good Hope as the fittest monument whb, w hil e a d orn i ng the h i g h c i rc l es o f soc i ety, Leeeasingly sought to relieve anal educate the poor, and ehexemplify the superior virtues and practice of a ristian life. Obit August 23, 1843, ratat sixty-three t ar s. ' Blessed are they who remember the poor. b le rd are they whom the poor remember with a n g. , 71 ZE'WCASTLE AND GATESIIEAD REGATTA. The gatta commences this day (Thursday), and there is TrY prospect of its being of a first-rate description. ceuive prizes which th e success f u l com p e tit ors are t o re the e are of a very chaste and costly description, and is ( s workta afiShiP of them has been divided between a rs. Reid e and Messrs. Lister, of this town. A mas of beautifully carved tankard with a moveable lid, the skibut of 101., is to be awarded to' the winner of gain i,„ - , r4 ce and eight goblets, value 3L each, of ele two 4 ' v arying designs, to the winners of the four a nd by ared b oat races . These have been manufactured sMessrs. Lister. Reid and Sons have prepared a set of e a silver cups, elaborately chased, value 51. each, and a °el ' of silver medals, ornamented with the union border (rose, thistle, and shamrock), to reward the exertions of the gentlemen amateurs who shall compete in the four Oared race. All these prize gifts bear the inscription, Newcastle and Gateshead Regatta, 1844."—Newcastle 4divrtiser. EXTENSIVE IMPORTATION OF GROUSE.—Yesterday lamming the Dundee, Perth, and London Shipping Com pany's steam-ship Perth, Captain John Spink, arrived at her moorings off Hore's steam packet wharf, Wapping, f rom Dundee, with a considerable number of passengers l and an extens i ve cargo. She brought upwards of 150 fixes of grouse, which were principally rifled on the l'erthshire hills and moors, where the sport is said to be prosecuted with great success. Most of the boxes were directed to members of the nobility at present in town. L,heseureyfsew were for d ea l ers in game. The steam-ship of Sutherland, from Inverness, Rapid, from Berwick, and Royal Victoria, from Leith, have also bro „rs'agot large quantities of grouse to the metropolis. Tr t OPIIET WROE'S RO B BERY.—INNOCENT PARTIES 4N SPORTED.—Our readers will remember that about i r ," ° Years ago, the house of Prophet Wroe was broken Called`ato nd a silver watch stolen ; also, that three men, ;13enjarain and John Pickersgill and 1 - ames Rams :ll, were tried for the robbery at the York Assizes, in 4August, 1 842, and transported for ten years. It now attars, however, that the men were in no manner con- TI;, with the robbery, and are perfectly innocent of it. pa,„: ' n formationhas been obtained from James Hudson, ow a convict at York Castle, who has made a voluntary e i: lle ssion to the governor of the castle, by which it ap trs that the robbery was committed by himself and five e ° eZ s nl en, whose names he gives ; he details the pro- With - t r on the night of the robbery, and what was done re e ,""e Property. We trust our magistrates will take to C u res by which these innocent men will be restored iv heir homes and their families again made happy.— R Q4 . fie ldsJou;na/. AILWAYw TRAFFIC.—The recipts of twenty Rail gre;.'°tupanies for the last four weeks are, in the ag- f tli o "'-e, greater by upwards of 50,000/. than those 0 ttorresponding period of last year.—Railway Record. i t t e 138 8 OF A NOTHER W AR STEAMER.—Her Majesty's .wa rd Stromboli, under the command of the Hon. h :lrd Plunk e tt, w h en on h e r passage from Cork to the li e ,i` r ; n ° ll , on Wednesday, struck on a reef of rocks which To ;11 the mouth of Bantry Bay, on the coast of Kerry. se n t -- ,: k 4r epearance she is greatly damaged ; but at pre tzth, ""e precise nature of the injury which she has sus- T,._tcl cannot be stated with any degree of certainty. e t o le i Tartarus and Hecate steamers, which speedily . came hero made the greatest efforts to get °ff the reef ; but we regret to stat without the etightest success. Both these vessels have since been 13 e l a ged in l an di ng a ll h er guns an d ammunition on ti ot , - " I ' - "land, which i s s it u ated near the shore. In addl. , 1 1 . - to this th e ent i re o f h er mac hi ner y, it i s f eare d, w ill on e to be taken out, with great loss of time, before she k ati b n e set afloat From the . total failure of the efforts p s ' , 0 extricate her, it is the general opinion among an u ," 3 competent to judge that she is firmly grooved bs n ; l 't the rocks. Of course Captain Plunkett will be - 'Agil to a court-martial for this unfortunate affair. TA E a ,, SAFETY BEACON ON THE GOODWIN SANDS. — au Bullock will leave Woolwich to day in the new Pi e r ,,, — Ying steam-vessel the Porcupine, and proceed to the r an -118, for the purpose of making the necessary ar w gements for the erection of his safety beacon (which th a n s ,rnn down by a Dutch vessel a short time since) on ti f ," ‘r,oodwin Sands. It is expected that every theyprepara t,llw planting it on the Goodwins will be completed 4 1 1 28th instant., when the spring tides will have set th e y e aPtain Bullock has also received instructions from ex J-4ords of the Admiralty to place on the same sands f.,Perimentally one of Mr. James Steward's ponderous ;red beacons in order that its capability to stand the and waves may be fairly tested. Bacx. ET.--311ALTON AGAINST LEEDS.—On MOII - and Tuesda last the second match for the grand gro e u e n P d st :t e s of 80 so7s., was played on the York cricket cl u b s between two elevens of the Malton and Leeds with ''which ended in favour of the latter at one innings, Nvas 0 7 notches to spare. The attendance of spectators eery numerous, and the match created considerable ,rust amongst the lovers of cricketing. MOTHE R OF THE LATE MR...-ANL . " M will ' be litt le; riled with regret that the mother of the late Mr. Con s the Irish vocalist, is in reduced circumstances, in Who m the of the death of her grand-daughter, with ,„" the pension settled upon Mr. Banim by Govern ;lT ceased, Sir R. Peel not deeming himselfjustified to s ?, sienue it to the author's mother, for whom a public 4° ription is now being made in Ireland. THE WEATHER IN FRANCE.—A friend at Versailles s . rites, under date of August 12 :—" The weather thfils part of th e wor ld has been very broken, and as next six weeks will be the time for the grapes ripen wV, tile peopl e are becoming alarmed for the vintage as u t ': as for th e harvest generally. There is not much corn io 4ll d that whi c h i s cut is mostly lying under the rain sh er ° t : c d• A great deal of rain has fallen here—in is eol~it is constantly coming down, and the atmosphere Dublin Evening Post. "PaQVE p ro MEET IN RAILWAY PROPERTY.—The im tw_Tnent in th e mar k et price of shares within the last of e month s has been upwards of 60 per cent. Some Tthe shares have improved in a much higher ratio. 11 us th e Bi rmingham and Gloucester have risen about pteu_4Per cent, the Sheffield and Manchester 140, and the A lon and Wyre 160 per cent . —Railway Recwd. CLEVER BOY."—A farmer's wife, in speaking of WSmartness aptness, and intelligence of her son, a lad ilenYe.ars old, t o a l a d y acquaintance, said, " He can read t h is tIY in any part of the Bible, repeat the whole Cate tuosi3ll,ra,nd weed oni ons as we ll as his father." " Yes, 2 : added the young hopeful, "and yesterday I ;tole old Ned Rawson, throwed the cat into the well, and old gimlet."--timerican Paper. LITERATURE. HADYIV'S DICTIONARY OF DATES. Moron, London, 1844. " The design of the author," says Mr. Hadyn in his preface, "has been, to attempt the compression of the greatest body of general information that has ever appeared in a single volume, and to produce a book of reference whose extensive usefulness may render its possession material to every individual, in the same manner that a London Directory is indispensable, on business affairs, to a London merchant." This object —a most difficult one—the author has successfully accomplished; his volume contains upwards of four teen thousand articles, alphabetically arranged for the greater convenience of reference, on almost every sub ject that can present itself to the reader's mind, com prehending every remarkable occurrence, ancient and modern, the foundation, laws, and government of countries, their progress in civilisation, industry, and science, their achievements in arms, the political and social transactions of the British empire, its civil, military and religious institutions, together with co pious details respecting the origin and advance of human arts and inventions. A work thus varied in the nature, and extensive in the range of its informa tion, must thereby have been of slow growth, and tasked Mr. Haydn's utmost industry, more espe cially as there is no confusion or mismanagement per ceptible in it, every article being duly ranged under its fitting head, and found without the slightest dif ficulty, which is not always the case in productions of this miscellaneous character, Altogether, the " Dictionary of Dates" may be regarded as a work sui generis, and is specially adapted as a companion to all biographical memoirs " relating as it does"— to quote the author's own apt terms—" to things, as those do to persons, and affording information not in cluded in the range or design of such publications." THE WEEKLY VOLUME.—Part VI. C. Knight, London, 1844. The present Part of this weekly miscellany forms the first volume of a republication, in a small duodecimo shape, of Mr. Davis's well-known work on China, which was brought out some cix or eight years since, and acquired no ordinary share of popularity. It is proposed to complete the republication in three cheap neatly printed volumes, of which the one be fore us is a very favourable specimen, being illus trated—in addition to its other recommendations—by not less than twelve skilful and appropriate wood-en gravings. If the " Weekly Volume" continue to be devoted to the republication of such sterling works of information as Davis's "China," it can scarcely fail to become as great a favourite with the reading com munity as was the late Mr. Murray's " Family Li brary." A WINTER IN ITALY. 2 Vols. Co!burn, London, 1844. Mrs. Ashton Yates, to whom we are indebted for this work, wields the pen of a ready writer. Within the last ten or a dozen years, we have read scores of accounts of visits to Italy, but we know not that we have read any which have occasioned us more amusement than the one before us. The authoress is by no means a profound or subtle observer ; she rarely, if ever, pierces below the surface; but her remarks are uniformly entertaining, and her descrip tions, trite as are the themes on which she expatiates, have the charm of ease and liveliness. During the winter which she spent in Italy she seems to have been constantly bustling about, snaking the best use of her eyes and ears on every occasion, and missing nothing that was at all worthy of notice. She visited in succession almost every Italian town and city of any note ' • and even penetrated into the mountains of the Tyrol, whose magnificent scenery she pourtrays in animated terms, and at the same time takes the opportunity of giving her readers a few interesting particulars respecting the Tyrolese patriots, Hofer and Speckbacher, the former of whom was shot in 1809 by order of Napoleon, for no worse crime than that of defending his native country from the tyranny of Bavaria, to whom the French Emperor had made it over as a sort of Imperial gift to his ally. But de cidedly the most agreeable portions of Mrs. Ashton Yates's volumes are those which are devoted to Venice —a city which, as might be expected, greatly took her fancy, and whose various public buildings, together with the manners of its inhabitants, she describes with the most circumstantial minuteness. While residing at Rome, which appears to have been still more to her taste than even Venice, she was honoured with an interview by the Pope, of which she thus states the particulars : " Our acquaintance with a young clergyman, who had some interest among the Cardinals , obtained for us the honour of an interview with the Pope. We were a party of about twelve, and on being told that we were all English, he dispensed with our bending the knee, or showing him any mark of homage to which our stiff necked, stiff limbed people are unaccustomed. Horace Walpole, it is said, on being presented, drew back, loth to pay the tribute of respect good Catholics were doing to the slipper, which the Pope perceiving, kindly addressed him—" My son, don't be afraid of showing respect to an old man." We, not being called on to pay any such implied homage, placed ouselves at once in a circle around his Holiness. He was plainly habited in a loose white cloth robe, made like a dressing gown ; his slippers only were ornamented, being com posed of crimson and gold ; he is an animated, benevo lent-looking old gentleman of about seventy years of age. One of his Bishops, an Englishman, stood near (the Pope was himself standing, leaning his back against a table). We had been informed that we might speak either Italian or French as we pleased, though his Holi ness would confine himself to the former language, in which he converses most easily. " On his being told somewhat of the different pur -1 suits and avocations of the gentlemen, he addressed a fine intelligent-looking young man who had travelled extensively with his tutor, but is, alas S deaf and dumb, so that no reply could he make. The Pope then turned to a naval captain of great stature, and altogether gigan tic proportions (a fit representative of the man-of-war he commands), who was, unfortunately, quite unconscious of the encomiums bestowed upon our navy. Although admirably well fitted to make a cannon reply to the thunders of the Vatican, had such assailed him, his ig norance of the Continental languages rendered him dumb also. "A gentleman of our immediate party, who speaks Ita lian fluently, took up the subject, and did it full justice, for whatever Englishmen may be called, Liberal or Con servatives, they are equally proud of England, more especially when in a foreign land ; and though they sometimes cavil at, and complain of, affairs at home, yet let their country be named by the stranger's lips, and they instantly find their warmest affections called forth, and her honour and their own identified. " The Pope afterwards asked the ladies various questions as to how they liked Italy, and other matters. One of them, whose good animal spirits were rather en livened than repressed by the novelty of the situation, replied, and caused him to smile so graciously, that I almost fancy, had the offer been made, she was prepared to accept his arm and take a turn with him in the ad joining garden, when his cap and cloak were brought for the purpose of his going there. But he only bowed, and went through a glass door, to pursue his solitary walk amongst fine beds of flowers, which perhaps compensate him in some degree for being denied the agremens of female conversation, excepting on the most limited scale. No other sovereigns lead so solitary and cheerless a life as do the Popes ; they never walk out beyond their gardens, never ride on horseback, invariably dine alone, and, worse than all, they see no ladies, mingling in the grave society of churchmen with whom they associate, except in cases of formal introductions, such as I have described. This ascetic mode of life, I believe, was en joined by the Council of Trent, in order to preserve the Papal character from the reproaches to which it had been liable from the free manner of living of some such Popes as Leo X., who hunted and enjoyed, without distinction, the good fellowship, to say the least, of ordinary persons. Most certainly, though the manner of living adopted afterwards by the Popes appears unnecessarily strict, and too far removed from wholesome and allowable gra tifications, still it must be admitted that the habitual self-denial they severally practise, adds much to their dignity and respectability. CALEDONIAN ASYLUM. -- We are extremely re- • joiced to perceive that the London Seceders have re ceived another practical illustration of their insignifi cance in the south. They were, on a recent occasion, more thoroughly defeated than before on the election of a chaplain for the Scottish Hospital, when the spectacle of the presence of so many cf the friends of the Church prevented them from even proposing Mr. Hamilton, a bitter and violent free secession minister, and Mr. Cum ming was elected by an utterly overwhelming majority to the chaplaincy of the Scottish Hospital. On the oc casion to which we refer at present—viz., the meeting of the friends and supporters of the Caledonian Asylum, to consider certain secret innovations on the constitution and connexion of that institution, which a majority of free secession directors bad stealthily and discreditably introduced, they were again defeated, and their low and discreditable tricks were so thoroughly and so quietly laid bare by the Duke of Buccleuch, that any one except Mr. P. Stewart, Mr. Nisbet, and the author of " Fare well to Egypt," would have blushed. This general court, of which we have given a report, has decided that Free Secession Presbyterianism, which in England has resulted in Socinianism, and may soon do so again, shall not deteriorate and defile a great national charity. The cunning pretexts of the Seceders on this occasion were really disgraceful, and only disregarded as they are known to be in full accordance with the standard policy of that faction. It must, however, be remembered, that the resolution passed on Monday, the sth of August, re quires confirmation by the court which meets on Thurs day, the sth of September ; and as the Free Presby terians in London will beat up their last man, and try to make new ones, it is essential that all the friends of the charity, who stand by its present connexion with the Established Church of Scotland, should appear on that day, and by their resolution give the free directors an opportunity of mending their manners, or, if they have any respect for consistency, of retiring from an institu tion which they have so flagrantly tried to corrupt. — Scottish Record. TURN-OUT OF LocKSMITHS.—The locksmiths of Walsall, Wolverhampton, Willenhall, and neighbour hood, numbering about 300 persons, have turned out for an advance of 5 per cent. on their wages. The prices paid to this class of persons are exceedingly low ; many of them having large families, being compelled to work 14 or 16 hours per day for 10s. per week. TELE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, AUGUST 17. DEPARTURE OF ROBERT OWEN r affection, is in your case no subject of anxiety. But if fortune can be influenced by our hopes, you will not only reach them in safety, but return in health to witness the realisation of those plans of human progression with which the name of Robert Owen will, through future time, be associated. GEORGE JACOB HOLYOAKE. MALTUS QUZSTALL RYALL. Mr. Owen replied at considerable length to these addresses, in topics principally relating to the policy and general affairs of the Socialist body, and gave earnest advice as to the manner in which they should be conducted during his absence from England, which he stated would be from eight to nine months. Several leading members of the Society also ad dressed the meeting, and after a sitting of nearly four hours, the meeting, which exhibited in the most un equivocal manner the esteem and strong affection in which Mr. Owen is held by his disciples, separated, highly satisfied with the proceedings of the morning. FOR AMERICA. Last Sunday morning the Socialists of London gave their leader, Mr. Robert Owen, a public break fast, in the hall of the Literary and Scientific Insti tution, John-street, Tottenham-court-road, in anti cipation of his approaching departure to the United States of North America, on a visit to his family. Upwards of 350 persons sat down to breakfast, and at least 200 more, who could not be accommodated at the tables, witnessed the proceedings from the gal leries. The following addresses were presented to Mr. Owen, by different sections of his disciples : ADDRESS TO MR. ROBERT OWEN FROM BRANCH A 1 OF THE RATIONAL SOCIETY. Revered and beloved Sir,—The President, council, members, and candidates of Branch A 1 of the Rational Society, take occasion, from the announce ment of your intended voyage to the United States, to give public expression to the respect and affection with which they regard you as an individual, and of their devotion to those principles of which you have been the unwearied and consistent propounder. These principles preclude the ascription of merit or demerit, praise or blame, to individuals, but it is at the same time instinctive in humanity to love and reverence goodness and greatness; hence these are our feelings towards you. Your long life has been an undeviating exhibition of the purest benevolence, the most generous disinterestedness. Your faculties, fortune, and time, have been entirely devoted to the task of regenerating society, and thereby reforming the human character, so that in thought, word, and act, all might at all times be guided by the dictates of reason, and manifest that comprehensive charity which is the inevitable deduction from the first prin ciples of the rational system of society. A change so great—so radical—in man and his in stitutions, based upon principles so demonstrable and consistent, has never before been propounded to the world. At the commencement of your labours you stood alone—now your disciples are to be found in all countries and climes—the impress of your mind is visible in every direction, and time, as it rolls on, will only the more evidence the depth and extent f the influence which you have exerted over this and com ing ages. Every improvement in our literature— every attempt at improved social and educational in stitutions—every effort to apply the theories of mo dern science to the multiplication of the material means of happiness, is but aiding, directly or indi rectly, the great social revolution you have ori ginated. This is a great work to have accomplished in one lifetime ; it is the best return you could possi bly have for your labours ; and we may be permitted to rejoice with you in the contemplation of past efforts, in the exultation over hopes for the future. We had hoped that, at your advanced period of life, you would tranquilly and usefully, as usual, have passed the evening of your days among us, with out exposing yourself to the risks of such a long voyage and journey as that you are about to under take. You are, however, the property of no parti cular country or nation. The friend of mankind, your mission is to reconstruct society, and to so form the human character everywhere, " That man to man, the world o'er, Shall brothers be." _ _ THE LEAGUE and ITS ADVISERS. ptbipshreeeeev S e sne]. givingcuarrpcyn, iaradbmci courteous o y ewctdi nbo p p isrl a eneet r il i riateseodns and no tchhhfhntueaetrosvhi doctrine, beeneems e , n violatedt fbtiseizedee-hesecaeiton rtendered.n ofaomriaylotvslhua, with e sneL tnaes palo a lhgTatyr m uodeshe ecni arrant are a rnTnr hbaeif arrant " quackery." Nor is the League convinced, by such testimony as has been offered, of its own failing health and energy. We believe ourselves to be as vigorous as ever, and moving onwards, with firm and steady pace, lun to te e t he doctors ofth pilots oe distressf tsoaccomplishmentLeagueo mustour object. first demonstratevo lunteer forlts d th is e ea s s ig e. nal T i h a e g f typar befo s r h e ou th ld ve ey h p a ut waited t ite s d o hastily,, to a s s o s m from a um e ethe gu li d h a i n g e , e a o n he of the t o h t eg r o s o f a rom a Tory ship,and tow her like a wreck out of the reach of storms. We will not, however, be so unthankful to our admo nishers as utterly to neglect their counsels. They shall each be heard in turn ; and, first, the Morning Chronicle, as hoisting, in its professions, the broadest flag of friendliness. The leading article of the Chronicle, on Saturday, the 10th instant, commences with what it terms a frank confession of inability to comprehend the policy of the League "in sending candidates for the mere pur pose of experiencing a certain defeat at elections." The Dudley contest only served, as our Contemporary thinks, to expose the nakedness of the land, and make apparent the fact, which might not otherwise have been so clear, how " completely in a minority" were the conscientious free traders of that constitueacy. Now, if the leaders of the League had any parti cular apprehension about being "completely in a mi nority," the Anti-Corn-law agitation would never have been commenced and continued; nor any other movement for obtaining justice from a predominant class interest. It was the very fact of being in a mi nority that rendered agitation necessary, and that requires its continuance. To transform an electoral and, through that, a representative minority into a majority, is the very end and aim of our exertions. We shall not accomplish that by false appearances. To acquire a fictitious prestige by only fighting when g may be clever tactics for a faction, simple course of honest men wor ki ng but t e is of no w t in t n h i e n out an honest purpose. Our defeats are the seeds of future victory. They excite local discussion. They leave increased knowledge of the subject, more en lightened principle, - and stimulated zeal, to germinate in men's minds. They leave the conviction of truth and justice, which, with deference to our counsellor, we hold to be a more efficient thing than "the repu tation of power" founded upon the dexterous avoid ance of collision. To ascertain, by actual experiment, the fact, as to such a constituency as that of Dudley, is a portion of the pledge under which the League has laid itself to the public. Its course of operation, distinctly marked out, and not that we remember condemned by the Chronicle when promulgated, is to appeal to the constituencies of the kingdom on the free-trade question. Into that court the cause was carried, when petitions to Parliament were abandoned. Now, such a town as Dudley , b y the occupations of its inhab i e t (600) of its regis teredis fairly marked out for a voice in the verdict asked for by the League from the elec electors, inhabitants, the os? amount and the of n u m its about b e r tors. We cannot pass it by. We desire not to blink the truth. Is Dudley for trade or for mono poly ? Let the world know its answer. The League is bound to put the question. For the character of the reply, the Dudley constituency is responsible.. That reply may not accord with public opinion ; it may have nullified the voices and crushed the wishes of their non-voting neighbours, as expressed on the day of nomination ; but that is the business of the Dudley electors. They have their consolations—they have pleased Lord Ward ; and we wish them joy of their bargain. Those who are toiling for truth and justice through out the country, should see what they have to con tend with. The full extent of difficulty and obstacle should be before them. Not only should they be aware of the sixty or seventy close boroughs, com pletely under aristocratical and monopolist control ; as entirely nomination boroughs, as any that existed in the days of Gatton and Old Sarum ; but they must also be made to perceive the amount of un due influence over the larger constituencies, the wide-spreading malignity of corruption and intimi dation, the gross ignorance in some cases, and the base unprincipledness and spontaneous servility in others, of the electoral system ; and the ever-dis turbing power of party spirit. Instead of forgetting, palliating, or glossing over such elections as those of Dudley, and yet more, of Birmingham and South Lancashire, we would fix the gaze of the public upon them; just as we lead a startled horse up to the object that annoyed him, and walk him round an d round, till he recover s th e a l arm . I n these chapters of defeat, free-traders fi n d th e texts of their work a nd duties. It has l ong b een un d ers t oo d and pro claimed that our agitati on i nvo l ves an electoral puri fication, the raising ofvoters' minds to a better con ceptionof knowledge and p r i nc i p l e among st those with whom political power i s d epos i te d ; and who could of the sacred ness o f t h e i r t ru st, a diffusion ever dream of achieving this task without encounter ing, again and again, the' risk of being left at the poll "completely in the minority ?" And who would not brave this while the corrective fact remains unquestionable, that we never are so left in a minority at a fair open meeting of the people, whether of a borough or of a county? The obvious truth is, that the Chronicle fears we are damaging the Whigs by these contests. It wants to sink the League into a section of the Whig party, not " inclined to pursue its own particular object, ' without co-operation with others." But the League is so inclined. It exists for that very purpose. A Whig may be " an open enemy of our cause," not less than a Tory. W hether a Mi n i s t r y i s to be " turned , out of, or ma i nta, i ned in, office on one single question, ' is no concern of ours. The adoption, by whomsoever the country may be governed, of a dis tinct principle and policy, in commercial matters, is our object. In causing the defeat, should we chance to cause it, of that curiou s animal, a monopolist Li beral, we lose no friend. Nor is it true, as the Chronicle insinuates, that the League has thrust candidates forward to the injury of those who were partially with us, as opposed to candidates who were entirely against us. is either at Hastings, nor at Exeter, did the free-trade candi date prevent " any oth er ki n d o f Lib era l can did a t e " f r om offering himself, an d ascer t a i n i ng hi s b e tt er such chance existed. The field chance No h , an a sg n hc perfectlyet. It is too much f o r them now to cryf open. The Whigs ran away, and we f out The t h h e a a t r t t h i c e l i e r glorious on whichw victorye was obstructed by our not running away also. were commenting is not very erroneously estimated in the assurance of another Morning League in a style Herald, that " the more hostile than we (to abuse whom • - meetingshave r uv c e ou b n a s e e k l s le i r t s s , f t r h ie e n f been expressly called), have ever adopted?' When and where these meetings were held is not specified by our venerable Contemporary. Of course they o C f hr o o u 7 have been reported in the journal interested : but that ensures no very large publicity- How large, or how limited, the friends of "the speculation" in office seem averse to letting the world know, as we are not to be favoured in future with the usual stamp returns, indicating the number of stamps bought (whether used or not) by the different newspapers. However, the fact certainly is, as the Herald confesses , t hat the mere " mention" of itself, and " such newspapers" is generally very "productive of merriment in the intelligent audience at may add, Covent garden," and we in any other intelligent audience throughout the country. But our most solicitous counsellor is—who would believe it ?—the Agricultural Protection Society, " Richmond, President?' A circular from this for midable body, with the a'sove august signature, de scribes the League to be in a " fearful s t a t e , and one greatest skill to remedy." requiring the Such kind ness, from such a quarter, quite melts us. We must take till next week to show our gratitude. We trust we are not beyond the skill which can grace the Duke's name with a prize for a thoroughbred stallion from the judges of the R o y a l A gr i cultural society by a "roarer" to which his steward after wards confesses ownership. To return to the Morning Chronicle. The writer wishes us to be one with the Whigs, both in our object and in the means adopted for its attainment. That object would then become such as he states it ; the practical result to be, " the transferring political power from the aristocratic faction now predominant to more liberal statesmen,"i. e., Lord J. Russell and his colleagues. N o w, for making this the object of the League, the writer has no better warrant than his own wishes, in defiance of repeated declarations to the contrary. On such ground we should confess the League at fault most grievously. And the girds- It appears to you necessary, in the performance of the duties of this mission, that you should visit Ame rica; we feel too deeply interested in its fulfilment, to speak of regret at your decision. The individual pleasure arising from having you among us must give way to the general benefit. We are, however, encouraged to hope that you will, if life and health be spared, return to us next spring ; and fervently shall we welcome you back to your rightful position of Patriarch to our Society—gladly renew that intercourse with you, which is to us so invaluable. In your absence we will do the best that our ex perience and means will permit, to promote the spread and influence of the benign principles of which we are the disciples ; and we cherish the hope, that ere many months have elapsed, we shall meet again under even more favourable circumstances than the present. Your appearance among the Social Reformers of the United States at this period will, we trust, be pro ductive of great benefit, and give an increased impe tus to the rapid and wide spread social movements now going on in that Republic. We trust, also, that during your absence, you will have ample opportunities of conferring with those at the head of its affairs, and of impressing them with a sense of the momentous and important nature of your views in the present excited and unsatisfactory state of the world. May that happiness which it has been the labour of your life to bestow on others, continue to be richly enjoyed by you wherever you may be ; and may we speedily again enjoy the pleasure of seeing you among us. ROBERT CLARKE, President. ADDRESS TO MR. ROBERT OWEN FROM THE UTILITARIAN ASSOCIATION. Respected Sir,—Permit the members of the Utili tarian Association to join with their fellow members of the Rational Society in expressing their hopes, fears, and good wishes, concerning yourself and the benevolent work you have in hand. We feel we would be guilty of ingratitude towards you, and unjust to our own feelings, were we to allow the present opportunity, perhaps the last in our lives of addressing you, to pass unheeded. We regret that England is not prepared to test by practice the truth of the principles and plans you have so ably developed, and unceasingly taught, during a long and useful life ; but hope that the country you are going to may give the everlasting truths of which you are the bearer a more attentive hearing, and means more commensurate to the speedy and successful reduction of them to practice than has been given to them in the land you are leaving. When we reflect upon the almost superhuman efforts you have made to awaken this country to a sense of the dangers of longer continuing the present chaotic state of things on the one hand, and to an appreciation of the beauty, truth, and consequent sim plicity, of the system of society of which you are the founder on the other, we feel that England's best friend is leaving her shores, and are strongly reminded of the beautiful yet mournful words of Jesus, the re former, when he exclaimed—" Oh ! Jerusalem, Jerusalem, how often would I have gathered your children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and you would not." While, for England's sake, we regret your de parture, yet have we reason to rejoice that the country you are going to is the one we have chosen for our future home; and although we may never meet, there will be some consolation in knowing that we are co-labourers in the land that is destined to lead the nations of the earth, by her example, to the adoption of the ratioual system of society. In conclusion, respected friend, we wish you a safe and comfortable voyage across the Atlantic, and a hearty welcome to the Republic, and hope, ere long, to be able to invite you to our home in the West; but should we, by the unrelenting decree of nature , be denied that pleasure, may you live as long as ex istence shall be pleasurable, and no longer, is the sincere desire of the members of the Unitarian Asso ciation.—Signed on their behalf, T. C. SMITH, Chairman. ADDRESS TO ROBERT OWEN, ESQ., ON HIS DEPARTURE TO AMERICA, FROM THE CON DUCTORS OF THE " MOVEMENT." The persons whose names are appended to this ad dress, may be taken as representing a party, who, though belonging to the Society of which you are the acknowledged head, are considered somewhat in the light of dissentients ; for this reason, they have sought this opportunity of assuring you that what ever may be their difference of opinion, there is no difference in the affection they bear you. In you they recognise the benevolent sculptor, who, out of the mis•shapen block of society, had hewn the beautiful and breathing statue of co-ope rative humanity. A moral Euclid, you have done for society what that mathematician did for geometry —collected the scattered wisdom of earth's sages, and given to it order, system, and practical utility. Other philosophers had pointed to what should be done—it remained for Robert Owen to propose to' do it. For half a century humanity has known you as its friend. In both hemispheres you have borne witness against sectarian error, and in the retreats of grandeur and the humble haunts of poverty, you have gone, like the herald of happiness, and pointed to the equality of mankind. By your writings wealth has been taught its true office, and enslaved industry the means of emancipation ; human nature has been made the popular study of the multitude, and thought, both in the Old World and the New, has received a lasting impetus. On all these accounts we naturally congratulate you, because, in whatever adds to the independence of hu manity, perhaps, more than other men, we are deeply interested. As recipients of those great metaphysical truths, which you have been instrumental in disseminating to the world, we are your debtors. That it is our good fortune to seek the fabled blessings of religion only your having i,tv writings guardianship vtliednd gb swe oait within dii a nmyptoi providence ulueg rn spherel tfhewe lioegfr i heny philosophy is yse h irt l e htootiohousn ouefir t dpg r upeh i he u eryntmo mp , usefulnesscubaednohs o. it td f in the practice of morality, and to anticipate the science, were first owing to your instruction and ex ample. It is, therefore, not less our duty than our pleasure . to bear testimony to the advantages of h o t 0 ne cessary to excuse ourselves for having, on some par f i ti ea c ss u p l e a e r t s, ind emanatedd is i s v e i dn from t u e a d iit yf independence t . cha racteristic of Socialism. To have broken in the blindness and bigotry of the age, and stimulated a na tion to practical and liberal thinking, will ever be reckoned among your most honourable triumphs. It is not necessary that we wish that your visit to your family, to whom we desire our regards, may be a happy one. Whatever pertains to the province of sion would establish a charge of unprincipledness and deception against its leaders which the whole his tory of the agitation rebukes and repels. The writer knows better. He is aware that what he assumes to be our end is only his own. He complains of the " erroneous impression" of the leaders of the League " that they are going to carry all before them, merely by the strength of their own great principle." Why, then, should he affect to try their conduct by his own little principle ? Why urge the objection that might equally have been made to Clarkson in his warfare against the slave trade, and to the Parliamentary Reformers anterior to 1829 ? Why treat the assertion of a principle, as if it were only a trick of party policy ? And why mis state some facts, and suppress others, to drive free traders into the ranks of Whiggery by the penalty of being deemed impracticables ? A writer who as sumes to be so well informed about Hastings and Exeter should also be aware of the mode in which m, ost of the late vacancies have occurred, and of the previous arrangements between the retiring and succeeding parties. The monopolists, as at Devizes, Cirencester, Dudley, &c., have chosen their own opportunity. Yet our " friend" makes the most of defeat, just to submit the charge of wrong headedness if we do not consult the policy of the Whigs. And there is also a practical mis representation in his mode of isolating the League from the constituencies in which these gallant, though unsucceszful, efforts were made. Why, they, these minorities, are the League too, as much as those of us who, being its members, live and vote in London or in Manchester. They profess its principles, aid its funds, and teach its doctrines. Where has the League fought an electoral battle but as the ally of its own members upon the spot ? Where has it not left them the initiative ? Where has it not deferred to their opinion, when decidedly opposed to putting a candidate in nomination? Is it then for the Chronicle, or for any party journal, whether Whig or Tory, to revive the calumny and cant of last October, and talk of "strangers whose homes are in Lan cashire ?" We thought the citizens of London had abolished that nonsense for ever. The Chronicle pro fesses to desire our " complete success." Let it help, then, not by striving to link us to the fallen fortunes of a beaten party, but by advocating principle para mount to all party ; and secure of eventual success, not by dexterity and mystification, but by the inevit able though progressive enlightenment and determi nation of pnblic opinion.—The League. IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT. The Act of this session, 1844, introduces no new system; it only makes such additions to the Act of 1842, as experience had recommended. The two Acts of 1842 and 1844, taken together, com pletely put an end to imprisonment for debt. Whoever is in debt to an amount not exceeding twenty pounds, exclusive of costs, if there has been a judgment, is pro tected absolutely from all imprisonment, and if he is at present in prison, he is immediately discharged, upon application to the Court which ordered his arrest. Whoever is indebted to an amount exceeding twenty pounds, has only to petition to the Court of Bankruptcy if he lives in London, or the District Court if he lives in the country, and he obtains an order protecting him from arrest, or an order for his discharge if he is already in prison. He must surrender his property, and give an account of that, and of his debts. This is all he has to do ; and unless he shall be found by the Court to have been guilty of fraud, or of crime, or of gross extrava gance, he is free from all arrest. If he is found to have practised any fraud, as having obtained goods on false representations, having made away with his property to defraud his creditors, or having committed any breach of trust, and so forth, or if he has incurred debt, upon a judgment in an action on assault, slander, seduction, or other wrongful acts, or if he has run extravagantly into debt, without any means whatever, or even any probable expectation of paying it, he does not obtain his imme diate discharge, but may be imprisoned for a time by order of the judge who examined the whole case. But it no longer depends upon the will of the creditor whether or not the debtor shall be imprisoned, or if imprisoned, how long he shall remain in confinement ; this now depends solely on the court ; and the court has now no power to order or to continue the imprisonment for more than twelve calendar months, in any circumstances. This imprisonment is manifestly not punishment for debt, but punishment for crime, and it is absolutely necessary that such punishment should be inflicted, to protect honest creditors against the frauds and other mal-practices of dishonest, evil-disposed, or grossly extravagant persons. It is also to be borne in mind, that no debtor can obtain either the protecting order, or if in custody, the liberating order, unless he discloses the nature and amount, both of his debts and credits, and property, and that this property, and those credits, are taken possession of by the Court, and distributed among his creditors, if the final order for his protection is made. All persons, who are not traders within the ba n k ru pt laws, or who, being such traders, do not owe above three hundred pounds, are entitled to take the benefit of these Acts, 1842 and 1844, whether they are in custody or not. Persons being traders within the bankrupt laws, and owing more than that sum, are left to the remedies and the process provided by those laws in the case of bankrupts. Debtors of twenty pounds, and under, do not come within the description of persons who must obtain their protection or liberation by means of the Court of Bank ruptcy. They cannot be now arrested at all for such small debts ; if already arrested, they are uncondition ally set free, their property only being liable to the pro cess of their creditors. But if it shall appear to the judge trying the cause, that any such debt of twenty pounds or under was incurred by fraud, or by running wilfully in debt without any reasonable prospect of being able to pay, or that the debtor has fraudulently made away with his property, or removed or concealed it with intent to defraud his creditors, then the judge may order his imprisonment, as a punishment for such misconduct, but only for such time as the Small Debt Court now has power to imprison, and in no case for more than six calendar months. --- To obtain the protection given by the statutes, 1842 and 1844, it is necessary that a debtor should present a petition to the London Court of Bankruptcy, or the Dis trict Court of Bankruptcy, and make an affidavit in the form set forth in the schedule hereunto annexed. Each sheet of the petition and schedule should be signed by the petitioner, and attested by some one &eting either as his agent or his attorney. In order to obtain a protecting order, or an order libe rating from custody, or in any way to obtain the benefit of these Acts, 1842 and 1844, it is not necessary to em- ploy an attorney or solicitor. Any ono may'act as a debtor's agent, and sign witness to his affidavit. Any one may sign the petition and schedule ; for the order of the Court of Bankruptcy requiring an attorney to sign the several sheets of the petition and schedule, does not require that it should be an attorney-at-law ; any one may act for another as a common attorney. Also, the late Act 1844 expressly allows the petition to be witnessed by an attorney or agent. The affidavit must be sworn before a Master Extraor dinary in Chancery, who is also a Commissioner for taking affidavits. All attorneys or solicitors are Masters Extraordinary, and are bound to take affidavits, without being employed professionally by the parties. As certain writers in the newspapers have completely misstated the provisions of these Acts (1842 and 1844), especially representing them as inflicting no imprison ment or punishment upon persons who run in debt through gross and culpable extravagance, it is necessary to attend particularly to the foregoing statement of the law. There can be nothing more mischievous as regards the interests of honest tradesmen, nor more wantonly cruel as regards thoughtless and extravagant persons, than to encourage the latter running in debt, beyond any hope of being able to pay, by telling them that they may do so with impunity. It is believed that the error here pointed out arose from great inadvertence, or from a desire to attack the late measures of the Legislature ; but its consequences are equally mischievous, whatever may have been its origin. Another Act has just passed to render compositions of debtors with their creditors more easy and advantageous to all parties. But as it relates not to the release of per sons in custody, there is no occasion hero to state its provisions. Brougham (Penrith), Aug. 15, 1544. FORMS TO BE COPIED AND SIGNED BY TIIE DEBTOR. (A. No. 1.) FORM OF FETITION FOR PROTECTION FROM PROCESS. To the Court of Bankruptcy, London, or To the District Court of Bankruptcy. The humble Petition of* Showed), That your petitioner is not a trader within the meaning of the statutes now in force relating to bankrupts.t That your petitioner has resided twelve calendar months within the district of this Honourable Court,t that is to say, That your petitioner has become indebted to divers creditors, whose names are inserted in the schedule (A) [or as the case may be] to this his petition annexed, and that he is unable to pay his debts in full. That your petitioner bas examined the said schedule, and that such schedule contains a full and true account of your petitioner's debts, and the claims against him, with the names of his creditors and claimants, and the dates of contracting the debts and claims severally, as nearly as such debts can be stated, the nature of the debts and claims, and securities (if any) given for the same, and that there is reasonable ground in his belief for disputing so much of the debts as are thereby men tioned as disputed, and also a true account of the nature and amount of his property, and an inventory of the same, and of the debts owing to him, with their dates, as nearly as such dates can be stated, and the names of his debtors, and the nature of the securities (if any) which he has fur such debts ; and that the said schedule doth also contain a balance-sheet of so much of his re ceipts and expenditures as is required by this Honour able Court in that behalf, and doth felly and truly de scribe the wearing apparel, bedding, and other such necessaries of your petitioner and his family, and his working tools and implements. That your petitioner has not parted with or charged any of his property (except for the necessury support of himself and family), and the ,necessary expenses (not exceeding £ ) of this his petition, or in the ordinary course of trade), at any time within three months of the date of filing this his petition, or at any time with a view to this petition. . That your petitioner is desirous that his estate should be administered under the protection and direction of this Honourable Court, and that he verily believes such estate is of the value of £ at the least ' unincumbered, and beyond the value of his wearing ap parel, and ether matter which your petitioner is autho- 1844. rised to except by this Act,jj and that the same is avail able for the benefit of his creditors. §That your petitioner submits to this Honourable Court the proposal for the payment of his debts con tained in the said schedule. That your petitioner is ready and v►illing to be exa mined from time to time touching his estate and effects, and to make a full and true diieloture and discovery of the same. Your petitioner, therefore, prays such relief in the premises as by the statutes now in force for relief of insolvent debtors, may be adjudged by this Honourable Court. And your petitioner shall ever pray, &e. &c. Signed by the said petitioner on the day of 184 , in the pre sence of of , attorney or agent in the matter of the said petition. Any friend who takes chargo of the petition may be the agent and sign as a witness. (A. No. 2.) AFFIDAVIT VERIFYING PETITION AND SCHEDULE. In the Court of Bankruptcy, London. or In the District Court of Bankruptcy. A. B. of the petitioner named in the petition hereunto annexed, [if the petitioner affirm, alter accordingly], maketh oath and saith, that the several allegations in the said petition, and the several matters contained in the schedule hereunto an nexed, are true. Sworn, &c.f. I Insert at full length the name, address, and quality of the petitioner, and also the description of the trade or busi ness, or (if more than one) trades or businesses, which he carries or has carried on during his twelve months' residence within the district of the Court. t If a trader strike out the word "not," and add after the word "bankrupts" the word, "but owing debts, amounting in the whole to less than 3001." Insert the places and periods of residence. He is allowed to except clothes and tools to the value of 201. _ _ _ kOmit this paragraph if no special proposal. It may be sworn before a Master Extraordinary. OTE.—The Commissioners of the Bankruptcy Court. and of the District Courts are bound, in the discharge of their duty, to be at all times ready to receive petitions and grant protecting and liberating orders. No vacation can dispense with this imperative duty. If one is absent for any cause another must be on the spot. COURT OF SEWERS. A Court of Sewers for the City and Liberty of West minster and part of Middlesex was yesterday held in the Sewers Court, Greek-street, Soho-square ; J. L. Donald- - . son, Esq., in the chair. The orders of Court on the 2d and 9th of August were read. The Court then heard memorials and petitions. An application was made by the watermen of Temple stairs, for leave to be allowed to maintain a floating-pier at Essex-street outlet. The applicants had received notice to remove a barge which was stationed there, and Mr. Dowley, the surveyor to the Commissioners, in formed the Court that the order had been unattended to. A solicitor appeared for the watermen, and stated among other reasons for non-compliance with the order, that riots might ensue between the rival claimants to the landing, and life be endangered in consequence. He also added that the Navigation Committee had granted the necessary powers required by the applicants, but that the forms had not yet been filled up, and the sig- nature of the Lord Mayer was wanted. After a short discussion, in which the Chairman, Captain Bague, R.N., Mr. Willoughby, Mr. Gunter, and Mr. Leslie, took part, it was finally agreed that the barge should be allowed to remain until the 6th of Sep tember, when they (the watermen) would be again re quired to appear before the Court with the perfected deeds then wanting. The cases of parties summoned to appear to answer to charges of irregular drainage and improper construc tion of sewers, were then disposed of. The CHAIRMAN then rose to call the attention of the Court to certain imputations which had been made against him, on Friday, the 2d of that month, by a Commissioner. If it had been a matter purely personal he should have acted as on previous occasions—namely, by passing it over without any consideration. He might not have the ability that he ought to possess, in order to fill his situation as Chairman of that Court, but it was in the power of any man to be honest, and where his personal character was called in question he felt bound to require an explanation. He had read a report in The Sun of the 3d of August, where it was stated that when the question arose of paying the contractor, Mr. Ben nett, a cheque 0f1,0001., the Commissioner had cautioned the Court against signing that cheque without due con sideration. The Hon. Member proceeded to say that a gross fraud had been committed—that he was in a posi tion to prove all he alleged, and that he would not hesi tate to do so. It might appear irregular to call their attention to any statement appearing in • a newspaper, but they had two records of this assertion, that of the newspaper alluded to, and the other offi cial one, the minutes of the Court. The Com missioner said that Bennett had obtained a con tract to which he was not entitled, and he questioned the propriety of signing the cheque without further in quiry into the mode by which he had got his contract. He (the Commissioner) goes on to state, that a fraud had been committed, and that the Bennetts, father and son, were relieved from that fraud ; and after some discussion, of no consequence to this inquiry, he said, that the three persons he should refer to in his remarks were, Mr. Donaldson, Mr. Dowley, and Mr. Doull. He regretted that the first was not in Court, but he would be corrected by the surveyors if he stated what was incorrect in reference to these transactions. He (the Chairman) found by a reference to the official record, that this was in substance, a correct report of what took place. (The Chairman then read from the minutes of the August 2.) He (the Chairman) was extremely sorry that the Hon. Commissioner should have thought proper to bring forward the matter in the manner he did ; and he was sorry for this reason, that a charge of fraud ought to have been brought forward only after due notice, and then it might have been pro perly inquired into. They were bound by the terms of their contract to pay Mr. Bennett his 1,0001., and there fore it was quite unnecessary, on the part of the Hon. Commissioner, to have brought forward this matter when he did. The matter might as well have been brought forward on another day. He thought that the Hon. Cominissionor did not well understand the mean ing of the word fraud. A fraud included this, , that there was a party injured, and a party benefited, and that an injury had been inflicted and a benefit doae, with the collusion of a third party, and by some act, one party being intentionally injured and another benefited. There was no imputation upon Mr. Bennett's father, and as Mr. Donaldson and Mr. Dowley had referred to it, it appeared that they were the three great conspirators who had committed the fraud upon the public. From the period that he had first the honour of sitting in that Court he had endeavoured, withoutfavour or partiality, to discharge his public duties. He did not want to enlist the prejudices of the Court in his favour. He wanted only the justice due to every honest man. In 1836, the year after he had the honour of being called to the chair, the new contracts were entered into. At that time the surveyor had been dismissed, and Mr. Doull and a new clerk had been elected. To these officers was entrusted the task of filling up the quantities to be tendered for in the new contracts. The contracts were sent in, and the officers had to make out the total in the adjoining room. The matter was then deferred for the consideration of a spe cial Court—the hills were sent in, and the Court PC- cepted that of Bennett. At that time there was an error in the amount of bricks and in the digging, for it ap peared that the quantities for the latter were too small and the former too large. When the numbers came to be submitted to the Court, he certainly suggested that odd numbers should be made even, for the purpose of expediting the contracts. So far the contracts went, and it appeared certain that in the way they were made out the quantity of bricks inserted was enormous. He did hold, however, that they were not to be held responsible for the minute details which the officers of the Court were called on to discharge,' and if they changed 150 into 110, it was for them to be called into account for it. The contract was taken on those quantities. In 1841 a new contract was ordered to be entered into, and it ap peared that the same quantities were taken as on the former occasion. Some gentlemen suggested that as it would take two days to cast up the accounts, it would be desirable to give the same quantifies as at the former period to the contractors, and so test them. He had never taken a serious step without submitting it to the opinion of the Court, and he found that the papers given out to parties who proposed tendering were given out after an intermediate meeting of the Court, at which he had no doubt the subject had received due consideration. lie again admitted the great quantity of bricks and the small quantity of digging, but was he to be held respon• sible for what in truth was the business of the officers ? As well might he be held responsible, if he had hapf pened to be in a street where a sewer was in progress ( - . ) t formation, and something going wrong at tho nd ti e m r e, th i e should be afterward said, " Oh, it was do s ne he u was inspection of the Chairman." And now in that case it could attach to him at all, because must 2 con nected with the " fraud." He could not conceive how , when in fact the and he must give a chance to one party, d y therefore he said have made up the numbers, which thehtoethcers were to do, same forms were given to all e • how this charge could again, that he could not conceiv attach to him at all. Any assertion of his own was facts as stated could not un necessary, because t le he li m ee. Commissioner had said that carry conviction. that Court; he (the Chairman) that d Hon. the Commissioner wished into any other Court, have the matter hear . _ he would h w e ould as o d n i l s y sa s t a i y sfi, ting the matter He (the Chairman) imagined that gay Y issioner was acting under a misappre • e him the op ed p l o: l. t i u t.li n f ity olinvestiga • of the word " fraud," and under a mistaken con ceptionhenston t n i l i o e s t li t ( i ) i n o . r c ou o g m h tu l of the facts of the case. Mr. LESLIE thought that the Chairman had made a most temperate and proper statement, and if every word of it were taken down, it would prove his (Mr. Leslie's) case. The lion. Gentleman fully bore him out that a fraud had been committed on the public, and he (Mr. Leslie) had only said, and he again stated, that the three parties he found connected with t h e transaction were the ian..dßtehnentewtto, bsueervaeuyseorhs.e H h e ad ha n d o t n h e i e g r a i imputed t t 1 to do with the contract. H f c r h a a u i d r m t o a n 'tN He was very sorry to find that the Chairman was connected with the contract of 1836, because the evidence of Mr. Dowling and Mr. Dorell said that he had had nothing to do with it. His charge was against every commissioner in that Court, for how came it that Bennett was receiving from the public 141. 6s. per cent. more in digging than any other man. Mr. WlLLotronny rose to order. He could not allow the time of the Court to be wasted by inquiring whether any other person had committed a fraud. The question was, did he (Mr. Leslie) impute fraud to the Chairman? Did he persevere in that acc usation ? The question was brought forward by the Chairman, and he had a Tight to be answered. Mr. LESLIE said that after.thatinterruption he wol i:d go on with his statement. The CHAIRMAN would appeal to the honour of the Hon. Commissioner. If he (the Chairman) understood) rightly, he averred that there had been a fraud. cora mitted on the public. Was he (the Chairman) mixed up with that fraud? Mr. LESLIE bad told that Court over and over again that a fraud had been committed somewhere, and that the only names Mr. Leslie was interrupted by Mr. BROUGHTON. who said he could see no object in continuing the discussion.. lle would intreat Mr. Leslie either to admit that the Chairman was no party to a fraud, or at once' enter a notice upon the paper, and have the subject thoroughly investigated on a future day. After a stormy discussion, during which several reso lutions were put, but which either fell to the ground for want of seconders, or were afterwards. withdrawn, the Chairman, with the sanction of the Court, vacated the chair, and Mr. Broughton was elected to that office pro tem. Mr. LESLIE again made an attempt to be heard, but was interrupted, and after a scene of indescribable con fusion, which lasted for a considerable time, It was at last moved by Mr. WILLOUGHBY, and seconded by Mr. J. WHITE—" That that Court still had unbounded confidence in their Chairman, Thomas Lever ton Donaldson." After some deultory discussion the resolution was put from the chair, and carried unanimottsly. The Court was then declared adjourned. , FRANCE AND MOROCCO. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DIY. TIMES.—The news of the bombardment of Tan gier by the Prince de Joinville will cause some ex citement in this country, especially under the present somewhat ticklish relations in which we stand to France. There is not, however, on examination, mucll to create apprehensions in this fact. It appears that the Emperor of Morocco has for some time past beera constantly allowing his territories to become the re ceptacle of Abd-el-Kader and his bands. Ahd-el- Kader makes irruptions into Algeria, burns, pillages, and devastates; and then, when the French forces come up to him, retreats into the territory of Mo rocco. The French retire ; the chieftain remains upon the borders, watches their departure ; and whea it suits him, out he sallies again, and commits his depredationa. The Emperor of Morocco is a quiet man, and indisposed enough to hostilities in his own person. Any warlike chieftain, however, who will take the trouble off his hands, and give the French intruders a dressing, he is ready to patronise. And Abd-el-Kader only does what the Emperor himself, if he had the spirit, would like to do, and so meets with this tacit encouragement. This conduct on the part of the Emperor has been remonstrated against by the French ; and the demand made of him from that quarter, either not to admit Abd-el-Kader into his do minions at all, or, if he did, to keep him away from the border, and prevent him from being in a situation tor make these hostile sallies, seems reasonable enough. It was considered a fair one by the British Government, and Mr. Drummond Hay was dispatched to act as mediator, and if possible bring about an accommoda tion. It was thought at one time that this had been effected, but the negotiations appear to have broken off. In this state of things the Prince de Joinville gave out his intentions of bombarding some town on the Moorish coast, and forcing the Emperor to come to terms ? and Tangier has been bombarded accord ingly. In all this there is not much that we see to alarm our national jealousies. France and Morocco are two independent Powers, and may fight if they please without being subject to our interference. 'The Prince de Joinville delayed his bombardment a fortnight, in order to give time to the British and European residents in the town to withdraw them selves and their property into a place of safety. And although the actual time when the bombardment commenced was not communicated to Sir Edward Owen, it was known that the Prince was only wait ing for a decisive answer from the Court of Morocco, and that when that answer came he would com- mence hostilities. The only cause of complaint perhaps worth noticing is the fact that the Journal des Debats, the organ of the French Government, gave a sort of promise some time ago that Tangier, as being a semi-European town, would not be se lected for the bomhardment. The selection of this place has doubtless caused great inconvenience to the foreign residents there, the majority , of whom are British, but the attack was purposely deferred until all these were out of danger, and even then the quarter they inhabited was spared. John Bull is apt to be horrified at hearing any other shot fired in the Mediterranean but his own. Still there is not much to alarm him here, so far as present signs go. It is the duty, however, unquestionably of this country to be on the alert on these occasions, to see that no un fair advantage is taken, and that France does not con- vert a piece of fair retaliation into a means of aggres- . ,ion and conquest. Attacks like the present have be fore now ended in the complete occupation of a coun try by a foreign Power ; and the French are probably not so entirely satisfied with the advantages they have derived from their possession of Algeria, but that they would be well content to have a slice of MOrocco in addition. This cannot be submitted to. The French navy has been on the increase now for some time, and the activity and spirit of the nation has perhaps at tached itself to that department now more than it has ever yet done. We should not, we have all along said, be sorry to see a little more activity shown in the same direction among ourselves, and a considerable rein forcement equipped at sea. The fleet is at present hardly worthy of our maritime supremacy, and cer tainly insufficient to maintain it. HERALD.—The vigilant activity of our Paris Correspondent enabled us to communicate yesterday, in a very early second edition, the fact of the bom bardment of Tangier by the Prince de Joinville's squadron. At present we have nothing before us upon which to reason except this naked fact. That fact is, however, an important one, because it proves that France has, in good earnest, commenced a war, from which she cannot now honourably retire without obtaining concessions, which as yet the obstinate Go vernment of Morocco has shown no disposition to yield; but a war which, if prosecuted to its probable results, can scarcely be regarded with indifference'by any of the Great Powers of Europe, least of all by this country. Meanwhile it is no more than justice claims, to acknowledge that the act of aggres s ion has been forced upon the Government of France by the infatuated stubbornness of the Moors. CHRONICLE.—The first blow has been struck in 1 new contest. France and Morocco are already at Nar, and the news of a bombardment at Tangiers will arouse the attention of many to the state of our 'oreign relations, who, so long as peace remained un broken, might have been content to leave the subject to Lord Aberdeen and the Cabinet. At such a time, the sentiments recently expressed by a man of Lord John Russell's sagacity acquire a new title to consideration. The views contained in his last speech, of our relations with France, were those of a pacific but intrepid statesman. They stand in marked contrast to the feeble course pursued by the Foreign-office, and indicate the true mode, and, in our judgment, the only mode, by which peace between England and France can be maintained. Nothing could be less embarrassing to an honest Government, which wielded with firm hands the destinies of Eng land, than the speech of the Noble Lord. There-was not a particle of faction. What effect this speech may havQ produced on the public mind in France we cannot yet say; but when a statesman so averse from war, so temperate and fair in all his views of the re - lations of one country with another, has spoken out, as Lord John Russell did the other evening, Lord Aber deen should take from it an assurance of the cordial support of all parties here in his demands of adequate reparation for the injury which- has been inflicted on Mr. Pritchard, and adequate security that, in their pro ceedings against Morocco, the French will not conve r t due chastisement for injuries into undue aggrandise ment ; or, under the guise of vindicating their terri tories from outrage, place themselves in a position to exercise an influence, in which other maritime States Nel i l s t n that at use t_llis in_determination. ambiguities... *h can never acquiesce, on the southern coasts of th e apparent. is Thereas vt o ud M e diterranean. bepp The Mediterranean was not made for Marseilles and France alone. It is a noble se a , the e shores of w hich Europe and America must h _preserve in far more hands than one. We ' still hope that the ques tion between the two nations on the coast of Africa will be brought to a satisfactory solution. It is for the interest of both i countres that such should be the case. No persons can_ wish less for war, or wish more for peace, th an we do ; but there is one thing worse than war, and one thing for which no peace can com pensate a people; and that is, loss of honour. France is strong and powerful: not stronger or more powerful than ourselves ; but strong enough to know how strong we are, and powerful enough to feel that British power is not inferior to hers. The cardinal error of Sir R. Peel is to consider M. Guizot the only possible French Minister. The latter is his own double at the Tuileries. It has be come a sort of habit with our Premier to consider himself indispensable, but not much more so than M. Guizot. Whether M. Guizot returns the compli ment we cannot say, but nothing can lead to worse results than these international flirtations. It makes an unpopular Minister do harm abroad as well as at home. It gives a Minister in a free country two troubles—one to support himself in the House of Commons, another to support his friend in the Chamber of Deputies. Gibraltar is as dear to us as Guizot. We are qu it e • willing to prop the latter, but we cannot afford to lose such props as Tunis and Tangiers to the former. So, also, in regard to the antipodes. It is a very easy matter to stroke down Mr. Pritchard, and to mitigate our wrath at M. d'Aubigny ; but the worst of these things is, that some other foolish agent will do some other foolish thing, under the belief that some other foolish Minister will let him off as easily. No, it must come to this, that they who violate • • proprieties must not do so with impunity.