The Sun. — London, England, 1844-08-27 00:00:00

:% ~ ~ _ ~1 et (\ ..h~~: R AVESEND STAR PACKETS. FURTHER REDUC Mu OF FARES. SIXPENCE AND NINEPENCE, Boat and Blackwell Railway included. D an . From the Brunswi c k Wh ar f , Bl ac k we ll , Sundays included) at Ten, Eleven Twelve, Three, Four, Six, and Half-past Seven From the Terrace Pier, Gravesend, 4t 5 "--yek, Ralf-past Nine, Half-past Twelve, Two,* Four, Six, Seven, and Eight. • On Sundays at Five instead of Two. ars---Pore Cabin and Second-class Carriage, Sixpence; Saloon and First-class Carriage, Ninepence. Star Ofike, Gravesend, July 10, 1844. MADEIRA REGULAR PACKET.— War- Dawn ranted to sail en the let September, calling in Channel for 2 42 gel's. the splendid new clipper trig DART, A 1 for 12 W . litgas_Der reiristr, thoroughly copper fastened and coppered, years N. Commander, lying in the London Dock. This superior i1at .7 1 7 , ix built expressly for this trade, with the strictest regard to the Y has ' cena ort, and convenience of invalids and other passengers ; ex a rap Quarter-deck 18 inches high and 43 feet long, and has au eind.."mi al Id attentive master. Passage money 201., which in liberal table, wines, bedding, &c. Servants and children tor ',PA or pas Sage . Rich ar d Dart, 3, Wa appllby rook-bu ilding to the Captais. n, on board ; or to the -"'" ROSHERVILLE GARDENS.—These novel 1 , 04 , t a nd interesting G roun d s ( w hi c h now presen t a ll t h e i r atlrac donl. Vidlaaao in brillian da c of effect any other in the United king bcautieo are y ily appreci ated by hosts of fashionable bin,;:usi 'Who here enjoy all the delights of retirement with the corn the .Z.advantage of the amusements of Archery, Itifle Shooting, and which of itself f orms a f un d o f grea t amusemen t. A s usua l, sipi e ,7l 4 Fete and Gala, Mondays and Wednesdays, accompanied by a are both cheat) and ex beats display of Fireworks. Baron Nathan, M.C. The steam n'Y hair peditious, calling at the Rosherville Pier '. oll r. Admission to the Gardens, d. teach. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. I'Au,,,,, ri CCURSION from LONDON to BATH, BRISTOL, is, ON, and EX ETER, and back, on Mosnsy, September 2, " 4 i and f o ll owing days. 402! Directors of the GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY have 47,,, n i bed to aff or d to persons des i rous of visiting BATH, dei n "' Pr', TAUNTON, or EXETER, an opportunity of so d R ir t 'by means of the following " EXCURSION TRAINS," bey ueed Fares : SPee' ‘ ,2 14 Trains will leave London for Bath and Bristol on Mon. b e ;' ` u September, at 7 o'clock, A.M., and on Friday, 6th Septern .at 3 o'clock P Ila tUrnt %th y, „nil from Bristol and Bath to London either on Wed. fiet u ,2 'lie 4th September, at halt past 7 o'clock, A.M., or on „ .. "al, the 7th September, at 4 o'clock, P. M. Ziat Trains will l eave B ath, for T aunton an d E xeter, ca lli ng e t ° l 3 and st ar ti ng t h ence half an hour later on Tuesday, 3d " at 8 o'clo c k, sm. and on Saturday, 7th September, at L - 7„ Itt k ' P.w. Returning ' from Exeter to Bristol and Bath -" rnesday, 3d September, at 4 o'clock, P. at., or on Friday, - vteolber, at half-past 7 o'clock, A.M. The Reduced Fares will be, for these Excursion Trains, Und o . lit Class. 2d Class .0 Bath and Back b Loudon an d B a ck.. 1147_, to Bristol and Back 4Z, to Lond on an d B ac k .. ...... ,-- to Exeter and Back )4 1 ,7 to Bristol and Back ) 4 ; to Exeter and Back ......... to Bath and Back 1, 1 „7: 6 Tickets will enable Passengers to travel by any of the Ex_ Trains, Up or Down. Iktit i r t t & means, parties may travel from London to Exeter or I,taßris king the 7 A.m. Train from London, on the Mon. proceeding thence to Exeter or Taunton, on Tues. . I , l 7 e urning, 4 '7 vi l* at these places until Friday morning, when E venin g %to Bristol, and reach London by the Saturday Purti, e i.'"'n, from B r i s t o l. A : 14 1ton e r beulars may be obtained by application at the Pad -8 to be 0 ,, - , et er. Taunton, Bath, or Bristol Stations, where Tickets he e,l tvid 7 ai ned • and for any number exceeding twenty, taken :n allowance of Is. per Ticket will be made. 28s. 19s. 30a. 20s. 185. lle. ASSURANCE lISSOCIETY. '',ALASIAN, COLONIAL, AND GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE and ANNUITY SOCIETY. Capital 20Q,000/., in 2,000 Shares. tdward t DIRECTORS. )Ih.. -ar. A , Esq., F.R.S. Gideon Colquhoun, Esq. Jo „ arn ooks E sn. Charles E. Mangles, Esq. ri e ~ Esq I Richard Onslow, Esq. MI Capper, Esq. William Walker, Esq. L.ll4folio SzcarrwaY—Edward Ryley, Esq. fo r are specimens of the premiums charged by this Com e oim. 4-ge• AND ANNUITY bi s---------11 Lavi.-,-, to P--- "Lt4NT.—Persons having a little time 1444 and er e tit ft u, and count celebrated apprised Agents continue to be appointed in yto_s that ortt`geesesale‘lof thei r by the EAST INDIA. TEA COMPANY, bm-NY 1:1; ° A 9 e d reat ST lieblen's-Charchyard, Bishopsgate-stree t t. a kiln vrith the VilZroable i e • in Sno wy leaden canisters, from one ounce o but Mc? and Weight marked on each packet, and ._ and s occasioned by the sale. The license Is only lls. per " I lty4_._ many during the last nineteen years have realised con y woollies by the agency without one shilling let or loss. — lndication to be made (if by letter post-paid) as above. )., P °RTANT to FAMILIES FURNISHING. ~ ...... A. s - "'llshi c onsiderable Saving can be effected In the purchase of s t ' . ltki n , g Jronmongery, by visiting the PANKLIBAN. ON IRO . N 11,. , ea tu '',, Baker-street, Portman-square, where may be in s,,` th, ~_"e most extensive STOCK of IRONMONGERY GOODS in 14'es, ( f x ,`"rt, consisting of kitchen cooking utensils, German silver 4, l se r i a ‘ v ing-roorn stoves, shower and vapour baths, ornamental k., , . Esheffi.Fardee iraplements, japanned water cans and toilette pails, l i Ze o . " tl e i 'd jdate, kitchen ranges, fenders and fire-irons, tea trays, et.,,lrua r '''rework, flower stands, table cutlery, &c. Every article k.7trice porchplain figures, at the lowest possible price, will fully e t ft c , '' 3 rs at this establishment of the great advantage.re ltio tery b e _ a _ s h Payments, as the proprietors warrant every article A, / i tl . t. l „ts_manufacture, at a saving of at least 30 per cent.— ' berc a t l ;4 l o , : c r e S, and Co., 58, Baker-street, Portman-square. tl \V to merchants and captains. kb,. t A HD,. PRICE and CO. beg respectfully , ~''' -equest that , ts dl ,N- b , , .at all parties wishing to purchase their COMPO ,,r4es., o ;~ , S will ask in the shops simply for " Price's Patent ~4 1 sea, re bi ' - " . ,noe these have attracted public attention, many !mita ia.lgi.t, d yr l Z a candles, and called them by the , name " Composite," sie.'tis - ' a Q,anai Price and Co. ; but the process by which the real 0, -t no es are made, being a patent one ; and E. P. and Co. h t 11 ,4 th e r „ ee ,nses, none of these imitation candles are at all the Zsto.q. w it ,' 4 . l ones. The chief properties of these latter are their s4kl, 4 flf4 rA . ',out snuffing, more brilliantly than the best wax, and 'her e 'l 4.' 1 4 so 1 ''' , 11 8 i large an amount of light, that they are cheaper, I.)s ivii k , I ' i t o a.ccount, than the commonest tallow candles, ono of No i ,„''f th,',. l, light of three ordinary moulds. They may be had of ' VattXliallth' Nos t "Dlsli ed i;),Pectable tallow-chandlers throughout the kingdom, and i 1,,,,, , trade wholesale by Edward Price and Co., Bel ; and by Palmer and Co., Sutton-street, Clerkenwell. to e th' 3 PINE WAX CANDLES, is. ad. per lb.; I' l l4llorr i •require trial to prove them the handsomest and :1,„,e spei.lcaleandles in existence, that do not require snuffing. I,4llVainn el ,,Candles, 2s. 2d. per lb.—Superior transparent Wax, 2s. ~ I D, ' , 110 01 ,C . ,a-x , , 2s. 3d.—llest kitchen and office Candles, 50.—Ex -5,2 Ait •Gs., 62 'ss Candles, with the improved Wax Wicks, 7d.—Tellow ' 4 .' l Dal in '' , and 535. per 1121bs.—Mottled, 60s. and 64s.—Wind '32 1 1314 ;; ;;. la ,: 4 d. per packet.—Old Brown Windsor, Is. 9d.—llve, a.' te•Se " 48.-- Superior Almond, 2s. W.—Superfine Sealing es,,,,titer• Per l b.—Refined Sperm Oil, 7s. Od. per gallon—Solar Oil, 44 51 e , 411 , at DAVIES'S Old Established Warehouse, 63, St. k o POosite New Slaughter's Coffeehouse), Charing-cross. 4413 ~.,, SILVER TEA SERVICES. 4 sii,,, -A-VORY arid SONS, Manufacturing M, sob smiths, 14, Cornhill, London, opposite , the Bank of 1., , Z s Ot the prices of the following SILVER Ming and SO l' t, th e !I'VICES. The Cottage Pattern is plain, stan . on lk air s p Te a and Coffee Pot with a flower ornament on the lids. ~ of eitheattern is richly embossed with flowers and scrolls. The 13.N.,,,C0 tta r 3 new and elegant. I l lttqll s „ fe Pattern. King's Pattern. 14, 1 .43 ' l tar rt e Pet....£12 0 0 Strong Silver Tea Pot £l2 0 0 tto ~, i l, E,.. as inSugsr Basin , -ofe ee zer. ..... .. 410 0 Ditto Cream Ewer 5lO (1 ` - ot ......... 15 0 0 Ditto Coffee Pot .... l5 0 0 yitlive4t? lod e i ............ Eer 6 0 -- Complete 4O 0 0 t iqi, i s how ; 'PWards of Fifty Tea and Coffee Services may be seen in nis. 3 for - „. ° orns, where may 1. selected every article of Silver 4 i q '144 4 'lle sideboard or plate &hest. k i p . , ti.,,,.0f Prices, illustrated with sketches of the various 1 41 4, 01. " 4 . and forwarded, postage free, to any part of the dB4 . !"Y a nd Sons, 14, Cornhill, London, opposite the Bank of I'o s PUBLIC NOTICE. N. HlPpt as, 434, OXFORD-STREET T INS ' AND OTHERS. 4 41 \Cl°'''lle,lecs'f '7e W strm E o ß ni S als e tlr P atis A by all Agents. l i kll e , Pat 4- uNE'S EYE SNUFF.—Under the ,74C , of 1 1 ,"ge of his late Majesty, her Royal Highness the "cie:pdad - ? l, t, and the Lords ot the Treasury, is universally t ee a l t to thuy_tile Faculty for its efficacy in removing disorders ' 1 04. 1 , Yes and Head. 4E STOREDI—NERVOUS HEADACIIE AND f t . 4 1/, th DEAFNESS CURED! t 40 ,4 stoat i 4,h, o of 3 .Mple, delightful, and fragrant Compound! 1011. o r"!iii fenyPlication is fraught with teaplasure; many thousand iVer rr lti _ accomplished by its use, trifling expense, yet 4,,1.,., to i, ia reration. If testimonies be necessary to induce the t , ,. l ts N s 544 „e trial, Kings, Lords, and Commons have used it. Vetit i `oe I),`" h e lreasury have sanctioned its use. Their late Ma ti4o4ers c.. 3 of Kent, the most eminent Oculists, Medical I t ti s ..otie,,, --With that gigantic balance, the Press—have eulogised ;tli t b Ey e stelebrated Herbaceous Compound, known as " Grim -4,, Os and for its efficacy in removing all diseases incident t 4 ;4ti on l'a L et , ead.Guthrie , Esq., F.R.S. Lact!- 4 4 i i„Abt i ble„ i ` er . Whitehall. Dr. Thomas. Dr. Andrews calls it Ite e ' 4 , s oA t aeth„ 4- see his Reporte touching its utility. The late I)N, , :' call', with many others, recommend Grimstone's Eye 41k: • A a " Man's best Friend," and the "Student's Vade 14,,rts7ndre w ,, tlsZbrT Noe - 1 , 413 ' 3 , recommends its use as a preventive. See his Nti'4 4 i t, iih'''''• He sta . tes that the tenacious sympathy of the isi o ett , - -Y s n ,,nl, the nostrils with the nervous system, that Grim k e t ion,"lthe e "fl ' vh en frequ ' ently taken, must be of the greatest e kt • Th a preventser ; and, further, recommends its universal L A ch e oins 3 ive, •it,,,fes, and 0 ,„„s - lattield, having witnsed many eases both of ~.t'Sfuthe'rn"Lann3.liti, has kindly given his testimony thereof. 4 1 '11_ W. Leo by G , „ thousand .. T , estimmiia_ls_of_Si : ght restored and I k 4 p oi etr s ir rintist ooe ''irS - 1 ONE S EYE SNUF 1 , 'fa ' a ctil .---1 tet' ' s • '. April 20th, 1844. sr 4r cel '43 cur ounl by a sense of justice to inform you of 4 s r 4 r t o , cbr ate ., e effected on myself by taking a few pinches of Sti.St oe. oe cob _,,, Grunstone's Eye Snuff' which, is my case, ought ll o 'ert: 1 fr ool '' I . Ear Snuff,' ithav ' ing effectually relieved me from s, tt li t i o 4t, t oak ltich I have been suffering for many years. You are net t ', o ? re gre a t n use you please of this communication, since I ti 's 41'ersall the extraordinary qualities of your Eye Snuff si a ... o Known. dear Sir, plus obedient servant, 11 ,11 4" n t ve l' o l c h otlan 'ar d ra . " MARGARET MACGREGOR. /sti, sf 1 1 1, 4. for the truth of the foregoing facts and statements. \le ett of ' rteyn o i ds " JAMES SHUTER, Kentbury, Berks." tokatarof!acruelat., editor of Chambers' London Journal, &c.. &c., tCatn "rd-st• . in g pains, and can now write without spectacles 4 ton e ,p,./..,c4,ee5. Il lacefriar's to cl e th. h ' O l or sigh facing the - a . 0., . 1.. sigh t a „ _, , g church, Park-street, Wisdsor ; cured tin k fitch h od ,L!,.. headache.-9th S , ptember 1838, and 1813. ke t rjer ve lous e T av '' s cl• ; cured of Ophthalmia ' . 'Whitehall and I ,l e eir the Canv ern —See his' etters, 1838 and 1812. ' Oli' l 04 y1 . 1 enuin "'--W. °RIMS I'ONE is the sole inventor, ( e ere °Nero eis prepared by f • ili s jei s ,_. at Si na Herbac inn. .4, - N1 - .r •, Is. 3 4 1 e 0 tis Compound of Herbs is sold in At a ttrt:„ • Gm N .i.ll,osu„ 4s. 4d.,, Oxfordeach, by the ir t4 elp t , l Nie a t d ba e nd L pate :4eE, N at No. 434, .street, Totten atso.a pLEr l oadfrue , t, Bloomsbury), t alZers, eovens 7 . ' IliFhgate • :404,11tair le :- C ties. ' A liberal a soil e , oJt:ln to ed Shi pers til ellig o ... 11e . fr I s "1.1,d.a1l Vendors of Grirri:to o n w e' 4 s n ye Snuff. P This quarters of the globe, and retains tps s haiV e l t itt ies ! I : 11 4r d to a ll , Strz tity nOtice, ry climate All Snuffs and Cigzrs shipped Itieki_. ey 0114).4 forwarded through the General Post, by Zi t IX. littiaryikaZir t t . 1 Cl' canister, with ' postage, will cost "+zuATV,, No. 16,234. THE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time for the AFTERNOON TRAINS and a THIRD EDITION at SEVEN O'CLOCK, for posy, containing PARLIAMENTARI and all other NEWS in LONDON up to that flour. ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE T.HREE PAPERS, Morning Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE. INVENTORS and other GENTLEMENAn the possession of INTERESTING MODELS or WORKS of ART, who intend to deposit them at the ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTI TUTION, are respectfully requested to forward them on or before the 31st inst., in order that they may be inserted in the REVISED CATALOGUE. All such works are received gratuitously, and the depositor has free admission to the Institution. Working Models are Daily Explained, and, where the subject admits, are described in a Lecture. R. J. LONGBOTTOM, Secretary. N.B. The Institution is open Daily, as usual. N ATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY, 26, CORNHILL, LONDON. Capital £500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament. DIVISION OF PROFITS. The steady success and increasing prosperity of the Society has enabled the Directors, at the last annual investigation, to declare a second Bonus, averaging 60 per cent. on the amounts invested on each Policy effected on the Profit scale. PUBLICATIONS. MURRAY'S HOME AND COLONIAL LIBRARY. On August 31st, No. XII., post Bvo., 2s. 6d., THE LIVES of OLIVER CROMWELL and JOHN BUNYAN. By ROBERT SOT THEY, LL.D. John Murray, Albemarle-street. EXAMPLES. R * b.. co ...4 , 7 , it 9 h :i 0 se o' gag 9 r•• ...q 9 Now ready, Nos. I. to IX. of i-, Beans Bonus in oR = Premium. ] 2 0 W . = :.1 p c added. Cash. —C:7 sA ~- ::c , , A 5 a ,l .. ( 4 0 4 5 The Last New. Novel, The Last New Play, ' P. The Last New Book of Travels, ---. The Last New Poem, .f X s. d. ' 1 £ a. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ a. de The Last New Music, 11837 170 9 3 77 5 1 12 3 9 346 2 3 the best of the Old, and the newest of the New, in Literature, the 601 1 1000 74 2 4 1638 144 2 2 64 8 6 916 4 29G 13 4 Arts, axd Science ; with a fearless commentary on Men and Things, 1839 116 16 0 51 811 711 9 247 4 6 and a faithful reflex of the Spirit of the Passing Hour. Sixteen Quarto pages. Price'Three Half-pence. Part 11. will be ready with The division of profits is anneal, and the next will be made in ,De- the Magazines, price Eightpence-halfpenny, containing more matter camber of the present year. than an Octavo volume. The division of profits is anneal, and the next will be made in De cember of the present year. This institution offers many important and substantial advan tages with respect both to Life Assurances and Deferred Annuities. The assured has, on all occasions, the power to borrow, without ex pense or forfeiture of the Policy, two-thirds of the premium paid, (see table) ; also the option of selecting benetts, and the conversion of his interests to meet other convenionces or necessity. Assurances for terms of years are granted on the lowest possible rates. F. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Sec. DISEASED AND HEALTHY LIVES ASSURED. MEDICAL, IN VALID, and GENERAL LIFE OFFICE, 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON. TRUSTEES. Charles Hopkinson, Esq., Regent-street. Sir Thomas Phillips, Temple. Alfred Waddilove, D.C.L., Doctors' Commons.' DIRECTORS. Edward Doubleday, Esq., 249, Great Surrey.strect. George Gun Hay, Esq., 127, Sloane-street. J. Parkinson, Esq., F.R.S., SO, Cambridge-terrace, Hyde.park. Benjamin Phillips, Esq., F.R.S., 17, Wimpole.street. C. Richardson, Esq., 19, Bru ton.street, Berkeley.square. Thomas Stevenson,Esq., F.S. A., 37, Upper Grosvenor-street. Robert Bentley Todd, M.D., F.R. S., 26, Parliamen tstreet. Alfred Waddilove, D.C. L., AUDI' John Pursord, Esq., 7, York- I terrace, Regent's-park. Joseph Radford, Esq., 27, I Cambridge terrace, Hyde park. Doctors' Commons. !TORS. I J. Stirling Taylor, Esq , 14, Upper Gloucester-place, Dorset-square. Martial L. Welch, Esq.. Wynd hana-place Bryanston.square. STANDING CouttsEL---John Shapter, Esq., Lincoln's Inn. BANEERs—Messrs. C. Hopkinson and Co., Regent-street. SOLICITORS—Messrs. Richardson and Smith, 28, Golden-square. DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL STATISTICS—WiIIiam Farr, Esq., General Register Office. ACTUARY—F. G. P. Neison, Esq. This Office is provided with very accurately constructed tables, by which it can assure unsound lives on equitable terms. Similar tables enable the Society to grant increased annuities on unsound lives, the amount ♦arying with the particular disease. Members of consumptive families assured at equitable rates. Healthy lives are assured on lower terms than at most other offices. The first Life Assurance Society eommenced business in 1705, and the principles of life contingencies, understood at that time to a very limited extent only, have repeatedly undergone important changes and improvements; but till the establishment of this So. ciety in 1 1 541 no attempt had ever been made to assure the lives of persons who suffer from disease. The science of statistics has only within a recent period been successfully applied to the duration and mortality of disease, and hence tables on the probability of these results could not have been formed ; and it would evidently have been unsafe and hazardous for any society to have undertaken the risk of assuring the lives of persons afflicted with any particular malady. The statistical in. formation, however, now collected, and in possession of this office, is of so great an extent as fully to warrant the extension of life assurance to such cases, and, in fact, to place the application of life assurance on diseased lives on a mere secure basis than even that on healthy lives. It is hoped that while kept clearly in view that this Society, in common with other offices, will assure the lives of healthy persons, it is as yet the only one established to assure the lives of persons labouring under disease; and to this latter feature particular atten tion is directed. In the first place, because it opens a larger field for business than all other offices can have unitedly; and in the Second place, because that branch of assurance must, from its own nature, be less hazardous, and its principles rest OR a more permanent foundation. These are two highly important facts, and we shall enter into an explanation of each and first, as to the prevalence of disease. The period of hid most important to an assurance office is that be tween 15-60 yeats of age, and in the following remarks we refer exclusively to this period of life. It will be found that the deaths in the metropolis for the two years preceding 1842 were, from all causes, 30,518 ; and from consumption alone, 10,688 ; showing that more than one-third of the total deaths in that period of life takes place from the preva lence of a single disease ; and if the same inquiry were instituted with respect to other diseases, such as asthma, dropsy, diseases) f the head, heart, &c., it would be found that more than one-half of the whole population would, on medical examination, be refused admission into an assurance office. If the inquiry be carried to the principal towns in England, like facts are elicited—in Bir mingham, Liverpool and Manchester, the deaths from all causes, per annum, are about 5,023, while those from consumption are 1,988, forming considerably more than one-third of the whole. The same thing will be found to hold good in the large towns in Scot land, in six of which the deaths in a given period, from all causes, amounted to 23,078, those from consumption alone to 6,359, and from six important diseases, 9,754 ; in the latter case forming more than 42 per cent. of the deaths from all causes. On reference to the returns from the city of Glasgow for 1836-1840 It will be found that the deaths in that period, from all causes, were 14,107, from consumption 4,087, and a list of five diseases, 6,423, being more than 45 per cent. of the deaths from all causes. The diseases here alluded to are such as exist in general in a chronic form, frequently for many years prior to death, but which, en a strict medical examination, would effectually exclude the persons so affected from the benefits of life assurance ; and since it thus appears that a majority of the population is included in this class, the value and importance of the new feature of this society cannot fail to be Justly appreciated. The second point to be explained is the fact that there is much less risk in assuring diseased lives. This is a feature of paramount and vital importance to the interests of this society, and deserves to be carefully considered. The real risk incurred in all assurance transactions consists in the chance to which an office is liable of experiencing a different degree of mortality from that expected by the tabjes on which its caculations are founded. This difference is termed the fluctuation of mortality, and will be found to be much less among diseased lives than over the general population, and among selected lives. The deaths from consumption in the metropolis per annum are sufficienily near the annual number which takes place in Glasgow, from all causes, to admit of a comparison, and by reducing the matter to figures it is found that while the fluctuation per annum in the latter case is as high as 45 per cent., in the former it is only 9 per cent., or, in other words, the fluctuation of mortality in consumption was only one.fifth of the other; and in Manchester, Liverpool, and Birmingham, even with the disadvantage of smaller numbers, the fluctuation does not exceed 3 per cent., showing a remarkable uniformity in the law which determines the mortality of this disease, and that it is more positive and absolute in its results than that which regulates the general population. Consumption has here been selected, not because it was consi dered more favourable in its results, but simply on account of the larger numbers affording a more satisfactory proof of the question under consideration; but the same test has been app.ied to a great number of other diseases, and like results obtained. Among nine diseases in the metropolis, including asthma, dropsy, rheumatism, disease of the liver, of the heart, of the nervous system, &c., the fluctuation was only 7i per cerd., and in rive diseases in a different district the fluctuation was about 7 per cent., while among eleven in another locality, and even with small numbers, the fluctuation did not exceed 6.2 per cent. ; and taking the principal towns in England, including Manchester, Liverpool, Birmingham, Leeds, Sheffield, &c., the fluctuation over eleven of the more important diseases was 6•4 per cent. The remarkable uniformity in these results cannot fail to pro duce a conviction of the positive character of the law of mortality in disease; indeed, there seems to be nothing within the whole range of the doctrine of probabilities so well defined as the mor tality of diseased lives. The mortality of the general population has frequently been referred to by writers as an example of the cer tainty of common events, but the preceding remarks must show with how much greater certainty the mortality of diseased lives can be depended on. It is perhaps right to state, that, in applying the test of fluctuation to disease, it has not been confined to one place or class of lives, but has been extended to the principal towns in England and Scotland, as well as many rural districts in Eng land, and included the experience • one or two large societies of select lives. This has afforded an opportunity of judging of the effects of locality and its sanatory condition on the duraticn of life, and a remarkable fact has thus been developed, viz., that the value of life generally is much greater in the coun try districts than lit large cities; but that of those persons who suffer from disease the value of life is nearly the same. As an example of this—the expectation at the age of 30 in the country districts is 36.7 years; in cities (viz., Glasgow) 27.6 years—diffe ranee 33 per cont, nearly; but take the case of persons of that age in whom the consumptive tendency is developed, and who will ultimately die of consumption, and their expectation of life in the counties of Essex, Suflolk, and Norfolk, will be found to be 14'5, in cities (Glasgow) 14.4, and in the metrepolis, Manchester, Bir mingham, 13'9 ; difference 'Ol7 per cent. (or 1.57 per cent.) It therefore appears that while the difference between country and town life in the former case is about 33 per cent., that in the latter instance (consumption) the difference is almost nothing, and the results nearly uniform. The same thing holds good with some other diseases, which have been investigated in this manner. This fact, although not generally understood, is only what might have been expected by a careful consideration of the conclusion formerly arrived at—that the fluctuation of the law of mortality in disease is confined within a very narrow limit, and consequently little In fluenced by external circumstances. Ithence appears that the fluctuation in the mortality of diseased lives is much less than among select lives and the population gene rally, and therefore the risk of assuring diseased lives must also be less. To apply this conclusion to the affairs of an assurance office, it may be stated, that supposing the number of lives in a society, taking only select lives, was such that the table of mortality would indicate 100 deaths per annum, it would be necessary to have always sufficient funds at immediate command to meet 145 deaths; on the other hand, an office assuring only diseased lives need not provide for more than 109 deaths per annum; that is to say, the risk of assuring diseased lives is to that of average lives as 9 to 45, or only one.flfth. This fact is highly important to the interests of this Society, and establishes beyond doubt the safety and correctness of the principles on which it is founded. For further information, reference is made to the prospectuses and other published documents of the Society, which may be ob. tatned on application at the Society's offices. F. CI, P. NELSON, Actuary. Office, 10, Bolt-court, Fleet-street, where select advertisements will be received. DR. SILVER ON PILES, FISTULA, &c. Just published, bound in cloth, price 55., ; by post Is. 6d. extra. 014 the CURE of iiIS I EASES of the RECTUM and ANUS; particularly Prolapsus, Piles, Fistula, Iltemorrhoidal Tumours, Excrescences, Ulcers, and Strictures, WITHOUT CUTTING or CONFINEMENT ; illustrathg the origin WO progress of these diseases, and the success of the Author's mode of treatment in numerous cases, The whole embellished with Plates from Nature. By E. D. SILVER, 3f.D., Physician Accoucheur. Sold by Sherwood and Co., 137, Strand ; J. 011ivier, 59, Pall-mall ; Maclaclilan, Stewart, and Co., Edinburgh ; Fannin and Co., Dublin ; and also by the Author, No. 70, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury square, London. REMOVED FROM BIRMINGHAM TO LONDON. Just published, price 2s. 6d., and free by pest (in a sealed envelope) Price 3s. 6d., THE SILENT FRIEND ; a Medical Work on Human Frailty and Physical Decay, its causes, and the baneful effects of excessive indulgence and infection, illustrated by engravings, with observations on Marriage, and directions for the removal of certain disqualifications. By R. and L. PERRY and CO. Published by the Authors, and sold at their Residence, 19, Berners. street, Oxford-street ; also by Strange, 21, Paternoster-row; Purkis, Compton-street, Soho ;• Noble, 109, Chancery-lane, Crocker, t, Milford-lane, Strand ; Ward, Strand (opposite Exeter-hall) ; Wil son, 358, Oxford street (two doors from Argyle-street); Phillips, 264, Oxford-street; J. Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street, London; Guest, 51, Bull-street, Birmingham; and by all Booksellers In Town and Country. The CORDIAL BALM of SYRI ACUM is exclusively directed for the cure of nervous and muscular debility, impuissance, &e. Price Ils and 13s. per bottle. Sold by all Medicine Vendors, of whom may be had the " Silent Friend." The Five Pound Cases may be had as usual. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS are the most effectua cure for syphilis and secondary symptoms in both sexes, price 2s. 91. 4s. 6d., and 11s. per box. Consultation fee, if by letter, 1/. A minute detail of cases is ne cessary. Messrs. Perry are in daily attendance, for Consultation, at their residence, 19, Berners-street, Oxford-street, Londcn, from Eleven till Two, and Five till Eight, and on Sundays from Ten till Twelve. One personal visit only is necessary to effect a permanent cure LAMERT ON DEBILITY, NERVOUSNESS, AND ALL DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c. " He who in pleasure's downy arms Ne'er lost his health or youthfli lcharms, A hero lives, and justly can Exclaim, in me behold a man I" Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price Its. 6d., or sent by post, free, to any address, Ss. 6d.. IELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on these concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses, and terminating in Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, and all those Sinking., Anxieties, and Tremors, which afflict the Weak, the Sedentary, and the Delicate. With Practical Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for their perfect Restoration. tly SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon, 9, BEM ORD-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE, LONDON, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecary's Hall, London,Sze. " The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in herent privileges of mankind, are frequently marred and prevented through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such, among others, this Essay addresses itself; and by its perusal many questions may he satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette. " The design of this work will be tolerably obvious from its title, and we cordially recommend the author and his book to all who are tattering front nervous debility and general weakness."—WakeSeld Journal. Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and Paternoster-row; Starie, 23, Tlchberne-street, Quadrant, Regent street; Hannay and Co., 63, Oxford - street; Noble, 114, Chancery lane; Gordon, 146, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers. At home every day till Three. and from Five till Eight. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. GLOBE.—On Friday we communicated the grati fying intelligence that her Majesty contemplates an early visit to her Irish subjects. We added, upon the same well-informed authority, that in the event of the decision of the House of Lords being against the defendants, and the judgment on which they are incarcerated consequently affirmed, that the Royal visit would he deemed a fit opportunity for extend ing to them the clemency of the Crown, by a remis sion of the portion of the sentence then unfulfilled. We are gratified to find that similar information to that we communicated has been received in Dublin, where it is regarded as true. The anticipated release of O'Connell and his co-agitators is, of course, a sub ject on which the Irish journals express themselves in terms of praise or blame, accordingly as the poli tical party to which they are respectively attached are favourable to coercion or conciliation. The Evening Mail deprecates any such act of clemency; and positively raves, in maniac phrase, at the bare idea of such a course. To release O'Connell by an act of royal grace and favour, would, in the opinion of this consistent organ of Orangeism, be fraught with the most calamitous consequences to Ireland. The royal prerogative of mercy would be prostituted— the Queen's royal title and dignity would be dis honoured—the public peace would be perilled—and the interests of Protestantism be injured, if not de. stroyed !—The Repeal journals are equally disap pointed at the prospect of this hea7 blow and great discouragement to agitation. The release of O'Connell, by an act of the royal will, would go far to neutralise the virus of disaffection. The generous spirit of the Irish people would recog nise in the Queen the deliverer of the most popular of her subjects in that part of her do minions. The law having decided that the proceed ings of the Association were illegal, the dissolution of the repeal confederacy would follow. Gratitude for an act so signally appropriate in connexion with the royal visit to Ireland, would effect more than a hun dred proclamations would be able to secure. The mandate of authority may compel a temporary external obedience. The impulse of generous feeling not merely prompts to an abandonment of acts which the law threatens with punishment. It tenders the loyalty of the heart, and is a better security for obedience than fear, though fear be produced by the presence of an armed host. Such, we believe, would be the result of this well timed act of conciliation. At all events it is worth trying. If it succeed, the recollection of it will be sweet. It will be " twice bless'd " the do nor and the recipients would, in their relative posi tions, be advantaged by the deed. The Times adopts a similar view, and recommends the course as one well calculated to strengthen the public safety by conciliating the people :—" After the judges have delivered judgment, and affirmed the conviction of the conspirators, her Majesty's royal clemency will then, it is said, exert itself; and the royal visit be a signal for their release. This course seems a digni fied and consistent one. The majesty of the law has been vindicated by the conviction of the prisoners, and by the temporary confinement they have had. The meetings are suppressed, and Ireland is tranquil. A continuance of the imprisonment would have the appearance of vindictiveness rather than of justice ; while the generous release of the Irish leaders will cripple their powers afterwards, and put them so much the more in the wrong in case of any future outbreak." STANDARD.—Our anticipation of the effect that would be produced in France by the Tangiers corre• spondence of a morning Contemporary, has been fully verified, and our impression of the fallacy of the statements which it contained, as completely con firmed. The Paris journals received this morning comment, almost without an exception, in terms of natural indignation upon those letters, and the re marks by which public attention was directed to them. " If the writers," says the Journal des Debuts " had confined themselves to criticis ing die operations of the French squadron, the orders of the admiral, the manoeuvres of the ships, or the inaccuracy of their gunnery, there might have been permitted so inoffensive a gratification of their ill-humour; but to accuse a French Admiral, French officers, and in fact, the French navy, of cowardice, was, indeed, contempti tible." The Debuts asserts with justice that neither the British Government, nor a very great majority of the British people, have the slightest sympathy with the authors of such mischievous attacks. Indeed, the anxiety displayed by a large and respectable portion of the British press to disclaim the slightest participation in such attacks has been received as evidence how much they have been condemned in this country. Several of our Paris Contemporaries, judging from the style of the letters, appear to have inferred that they were not written by naval officers. The use of the editorial plural personal pronoun by one, and the designation by another of his letter as his "article," would eel-- tamly appear to have favoured such a conclusion. The confusion between the language of naval and military men supplied an Additional argument against their authenticity; for although the im pression conveyed by the words " another officer," prefixed to a communication which is immediately preceded by a letter headed " From a Naval Officer," would imply that the whole of the letters were from officers of that arm of the service, such is not pre tended to have been the fact ; and however erroneous our belief, arising from the internal evidence supplied by their style, that they were of home production, we were not far wrong in assuming that they were not the productions of sailors. The Journal des Debate publishes a letter from a French naval officer, which affirms that " the ignorance of naval manoeuvres in these letters" forbids the belief that they were written by naval officers, so that we were not singular in our opinion on the subject. All that now can be said is, that they must have been the productions of very young officers, whether naval or military ; or their authors would have known their duty better than to have given cir culation to representations which, setting aside the insulting language in which they are couched, are in all important particulars unfounded. One of the charges brought against the Prince de Joinville in these letters is, that he was deficient in daring in not having advanced nearer the town than 800 yards. The letter of the French officer, to which we have already referred, states a fact that fully confirms the opinion we expressed on Wed nesday last, and which must have been, or ought to have been known to every officer, military or naval, connected with the British squadron. Previously to taking up his position, the Prince had had the channel for his ships carefully buoyed out, in order that he might place them as close to the works as the depth of water would allow ; when it was discovered that it was impossible for them to take up their position nearer than some 800 yards. The flag-ship, indeed, is said to have had only five feet water beneath her keel during the bombardment ! That this sta tion, however, was sufficiently cicse to be one of considerable danger, may be gathered from the fact, confessed by the " Naval Officer" of the Times, that the Suffren received fifty cannon shots in her hull ; and surely the deliberation with which the squadron took its station, in the face of an enemy who, according to these authorities, might have destroyed the greater part of it during the opera tion, would, if shown to be imprudent, reflect any thing but discredit on the boldness of the move ment. The fact appears to have been, that the Moors permitted the French ships to take up their position unmolested, in the belief that the shallow ness of the water would protect them from too near an approach. It cannot be doubted that it was the duty of the Prince to profit by this delusion, a blunder which enabled him to bring up his force at his leisure. Of what consequence was it that, in exe cuting this manoeuvre, some of the ships may have been placed in a raking position if he was satisfied that the enemy had no intention of firing upon them, lest they should divert him from the difficulty into which they supposed him to be hastening? So much for the imputations on the daring and nautical experience of the French Admiral. Equally unfounded would seem to be the account of these green-eyed " naval officers," of the ineffectiveness of the French fire. The fortifications of Tangiers, instead of being, as was affirmed, only slightly injured, were, in most instances, reduced to ruins, and the guns dismounted. The total destruction of the town formed no part of the intentions or instructions of the Prince. LONDON PEACE SOCIETY. Memorial of the London Peace Society on the affairs of Morocco, Hayti, and Otaheite. To the Right Hon. Sir Robert Peel, Bart , First Lord of the Treasury; the Right llon. the Earl of Aberdeen, Secretary of State for the Foreign De partment ; and the other Right Hon. Members of her Majesty's Government. The Memorial of the Committee of the London Peace Society, Showeth,—That your memorialists are fully per• suaded that war is repugnant to the spirit and ptinci pies of the Christian religion, subversive of the true in terests of mankind, and as unnecessary as it is una vailing as a mode of settling international differences. That whilst your memorialists regard with pecu liar satisfaction the continuance of peace among the nations of Europe, they are deeply and painfully af fected by the hostilities which at the present time pre vail in some other parts of the globe ; especially in the empire of Morocco, the island of Hayti in the West Indies, and the island of Otaheite in the Southern Pacific. That your memorialists as the Committee of a Society whose sole object is the promotion of perma nent and universal peace, abstain from expressing any opinion on the political questions supposed to be at issue at these various regions ; but they venture re spectfully and earnestly to press upon the Right Honourable Members of her Majesty's Government, the importance of employing (as your memorialists thankfully acknowledge that they have often and successfully done) their best efforts by argument and persuasion, founded on principles of true reason and policy, as well as on benevolent and religious con siderations, to put a speedy determination to these distressing circumstances, with a full regard to strict justice towards all the parties who are variously con cerned in them. And your memorialists venture further to express their earnest desire and hope, that the entire pro ceedings of her Majesty's Government may be such as shall promote a peaceable spirit and conduct among all classes of British subjects; and minister no just ground of offence, either to the great and mighty nations of Europe, or any of those States which, in some respects, may be esteemed more feeble and less important, but whose natural rights are equally sacred and inviolable, and dear to themselves ; and whose very weakness, in a political point of view, claims for them the sympathy and moral assistance, and protec tion Of the more powerful nations of the world, and especially of Great Britain. And your memorialists will ever pray, &c. N.B. A similar memorial was sent at the same time to his Majesty the King of the French; both of which have been favourably received, and duly ac knowledged. PEEL'S ~ PILOT BALOON." It was clear, on the evening when Sir Robert Peel, in the course of the debate brought on by Mr.Villiers's motion on the corn-laws, pledged himself, in plainer terms than is his wont, to stand by the sliding-scale as it is at present constituted, that the country gentlemen were not altogether satisfied. Either there was something in the matter or the manner of the Minister which engendered doubts of his sin cerity at the very time when he appeared to be most in earnest; and it is clear, from their organs of the press, that such feelings have been on the increase among them ever since. They have a strong conviction on their minds that their honest leader is busily at work preparing a mine beneath their feet, although it is still a problem to them when and how it may be sprung; and, for our part, we think that there is decidedly room for such doubts when we look at what is going forward at some of the agricultural meetings. Our readers will probably recollect the name of Mr. Christopher, once the too famous Mr. Dundas, of Ipswich, who earned for himself the sou briquet of Peel's " Pilot Balloon" immediately after the last election. The circumstances were these : Amongst the loudest of the hustings pledge-givers to stand by the then corn-laws was this Mr. Christopher He had even the calm effrontery—it was effrontery in a man who derives all his standing in society from having been lucky enough to marry a good fortune—to tell his constituents that, if Sir Robert Peel dared even to breathe a hint against the corn laws, down he should go again into private life with out ceremony. Well, this cool gentleman was elected by the farmers, who were taken in by his matchless intrepidity. He was sent to Parliament to watch over the Tory Ministry, and to put it out, like a farthing rushlight, should it ever look treason at the corn monopoly. Not many months, however, elapsed before Mr. Christopher again made his appearance among the rural swains. What, in the meantime, had passed between him and the Premier, what he had said to Sir Robert, and what Sir Robert had said to him, no one knows ; but, at all events, he as tonished the farmers, at this second meeting, by prophe sying of things to come, and assuring them that they would not be so bad, after all, for the agricultural inte rest. Hence his name of " the Pilot Balloon," inasmuch as the event, when Parliament again met, amply jus tified the surmise, launched at the moment by the Times newspaper, that Mr. Christopher was commis sioned by Sir Robert Peel, who, from the prefer ments showered upon his family, it is certain, had taken a strong liking to hail, anti had a very high opi nion of his judgment, to prepare the way among the country gentlemen and their tenantry for the changes which he was proposing. But what of all this ? Who is Mr. Christopher, that we should so long dwell upon the doings of such a nil in public estima tion ? Only this. When we see a shadow, we fancy that the substance to which it belongs cannot be far off. When we hear the howling of the jackal, we expect that the roaring of the lion will presently' begin. Mr. Christopher has again been talking, and in a style which makes us believe that he is again the avant courier and " utensil" of his worthy master. He is reported to have made the fol lowing ominous remark at the Horncastle agricul tural meeting, held last week :—" Improvements like those which this society promoted had reduced the price of wheat in forty years thirty per cent., leaving as good a profit to the cultivator as at the higher rate. This was the true way of promoting the welfare of all classes, which hurried and ex travagant legislation could never do." This is to be " the ticket," good Mr. " Pilot Balloon," is it ? Sir Robert is presently , to tell the agriculturists, that the time for a further change is at last arrived; that, judging of the future by the past, and calculating what improvements in agriculture can do by a reference to what they have effected, the British cultivator will be able still, as Mr Christopher says, with fair profits, to sell his corn at such reduced prices that he need not fear the competition of foreigners. The wind points in that direction, we feel sure, and, before long, we shalt see the great "monster balloon" borne along by the same current in which "the pilot" is now sailing. Mr. Christopher is not a very clever person, but he has just small cunning enough not to commit himself to such things as we have quoted without having some body at his back to bear him through all scrapes into which his valorous marching in the van of Mi nisterial tergiversation and treachery might lead him. We cannot say of the parties now before us, that Ulysses spoke, but Minerva prompted. We must rather put it, Christopher found the words, but Peel inspired the thoughts.—Liverpool Albion. A Trieste letter states that the Austrian frigate, the Bellona, had arrived at that port on the 13th from Smyrna. As it was known that .Admiral Bandiera was on board, a number of persons made a point of going to visit him, and expressing all the interest they took in his late loss. " THE DUEE."—A veteran officer of the Peninsu lar war, and native of the town of Dunbar, applied l a t e ly to his old commander, the Duke of Wellington, for pro insition to his son, who had served a considerable time as ensign in the Regiment of Foot. In his letter he reminded the Duke of some particular action when he had signalised himself—in fact, fought many of their battles o'er again. By return of post he received a letter, regretting that it was not in his Grace's power to meet his wishes at the present time, as there were no vacan cies, but to be assured that nothing would afford him more gratification than to serve an old friend. The Duke kept his word, for in two posts after he received another letter, intimating his son's promotion to a Lieu tenancy in Regiment of Foot. Instances of this kind (which, we believe, are numerous), should be told. They are certainly as honourable to his Grace as they are creditable to the officers who receive and deserve them.—Edinburgh Evening Post. WHAT IS A MAN'S BODY WORTH.—This question was put by the Secondary, on Friday, in the course of a trial which took place before him, under the following circumstances :—A surgeon of the name of Buchanan, residing at Rateliff-cross, brought an action against a a person of the name of Clark, to recover a sun of about 41. for surgical attendance and medicine. As the money was not forthcoming, the plaintiff's solicitor sent his clerk with a copy of a writ, when Mr. Clark candidly said to him, " It is of no use your leaving me the copy of a writ, for I have two executions now in the house, and my body is all you can have." The Secondary, upon this, asked the plaintiff's attorney what was now the value of a man's body ? it seemed that they were only going to a great expense for nothing. The at torney said he feared such was the case, but the action had been commenced when the new law came into ope ration. In the same case a certificate was produced by the beadle of the Apothecaries' Company, in order to show Mr. Buchanan's right to practise, and upon which the Secondary observed a very unusual endorsement, and inquired what it meant. The beadle said it was an authority to practise in the city of London. The Se condary thought all certificates were the same. The beadle said that certificates generally did not give per 'mission to practise nearer than ten miles of London, but the endorsement could be obtained upon the payment of a fee. The Secondary smiled at the business-like habits of the Apothecaries' Company, and the matter ended. AFFGIIANISTAN REPTILES.—During the rainy season we were much annoyed by the number of snakes and rats which infested our bungalows. These vermin absolutely swarmed in every apartment. The snakes were of the most poisonous description, and, of course, exceed ingly dangerous. I killed several in my bed-room ; and my wife was much alarmed two or three times by the appearance of a large cobra di capello in her bath-room. The venomous reptile used to come in through the drain which was made for carrying off the water, and she therefore desired the ayah to stop the aperture up. This was done; but a day or two afterwards, on going to take the customary morning bath, she was much fright ened by the appearance of the snake standing erect, with his hood extended, in a corner of the room. On bear ing her scream, I rushed to the place, and soon with a stick dispatched the intruder. The opening of the drain, it appeared, had been partially stopped up by small to squeeze himself through. IN hen i ns ide, he had pieces of brick; but the reptile had still managed and swallowed a musk-rat, which so considerably retreat by in creased his bulk that he could not mare his and thus the small hole through which he hadt s seldom that an entered, lost his life through his gluttony. i European is bitten, although instances ca of very narrowught .. The common d'w thati i will sc u t t h tl ie e and servantsscramble ha d escapes are constantly occurrr.grifgru bts the musk-rats.] rats are nearly as great a PI they b , }their gambols. about the house, disturbing eve ry body . During naturallyw hol also, are most daring, and quite in Their depredations, rememberonceat Ghazeepore, the wholesale line. I ta king off my coat and accoutrements a review, after and throwing them down . on a sofa. From among the As the natives are A fondofsilk things a silk handkerchief and my dress -sash were speedily missing. enisguhstpecte'cry articles, stolen them; and, accordingly, they were apprised that, if the missing things were not found, their wages would be stopped to replace them. Some days after this oc currence I discovered a rat-hole through the false screen in front of the fireplace, and, on removing it, found not only the missing handkerchief and sash, but about half a-dozen napkins and towels, which bad been lost from time to time. Th ese were all evidently carried thither and made into a bed by the rats. They must have taken the towels from off a wooden horse in my dressing-room, and dragged them across two other apartments to their hiding - place,—.Lieut. Greenwood. FINCITLEY. TO BE LET, UNFURNISHED, at a very moderate rent, and entered upon immediately, a compact FAMILY lIOLTSE, with flower and kitchen gardens, small stable, chaise-house and harness-room, delightfully situated at Church-end. The house contains a dining-room and two parlours, entrance-hall, and handsome oak staircase ; front and back:drawing-rooms, com municating by folding-doors, and five bed-rooms on the upper floor; large kitchen, scullery, and wash-house, and ample cellaring. The premises are well supplied with excellent water from an hydraulic pump. An omnibus goes from Finehley and returns three times a day. For further particulars, apply to Messrs. Adam Murray and Sons, surveyors and land agents, 47, Parliament-street. NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTH, AUG. 25.—The unprotected state of our ports has become amongst naval men a leading topic of conversation, more so at the port than else where, and not without good reason, we think, when we have before our eyes the fact that neither Portsmouth, Devonport, nor Sheerness has a " guard" ship, and the only ship fitting out for that service is the Queen, 110, in this harbour, for the flag of Sir J. C. White at the Nore. The St. Vincent, 120, until lately the flagship at this port, is in the Sound at Plymouth, ordered to hold herself in readiness to leave that port at a moment's notice. The Collingwood will leave Spithead in a day or two (Tuesday i 3 reported) for her station, when there will be no ship fitting out at this or any other port except the Queen. A descent upon our coasts, even to the mouths of our harbours, would be, under such circumstances as the above, an attempt by no means difficult of accomplish ment, especially if steam were employed ; an enemy might pour shot and shells into our garrisons, and into this, perhaps, easier than any other, in the night, and be out of reach before any craft could get out of harbour to cope with them. To remedy the possibility of this, it is the opinion of heads grown gray in the service that a first-class steam-frigate, of powers somewhat like the Terrible (now building at Deptford), should be con structed for the service of each port, and which should be kept in such a state of constant readiness as to be eligible for chase or fight almost at a moment's notice. Such vessels would be far more eligible and efficacious in keeping off marauding foes than all the guard-ships that ever carried flags. 'cleBros, Captain S ma rt, a t Spith ea d, has . She will sa il on T ues d a y, w e rec T e believe. v e e d e o s l aliirgooodr The Inconstant, 36, Captain Freemantle, was at Port Royal, Jamaica, on the 20th ult. The Queen, 100, Captain Martin, has her topgallant masts pointed, and will drop down to Spithead from her moorings in the harbour, it is expected, next Saturday. The Spartan, 26, Captain the lion. C. G. J. B. Elliott, was at Port Royal on the 23d ult. The Fox, 42, Captain Sir H. Blackwood, is on her way from Tangiers, to relieve Commodore Chads, in the Cambrian, 36, in China, who will return toEngland. The Albatross, 16, Commander Yorke, arrived at Sierra Leone on the 2d of June, and was to place herself under the orders of Captain (since Commodore) Jones, the senior officer on the African coast, who was expected in the Penelope, 22, steam frigate. The Growler, steam s loop, Commander C. H. M. Buckle, from the Brazils, and the sloops Ringdove, 16, Commander Sir W. Daniell, and the Wasp, 16, Commander S. H. Ussher, from the West Indies, were ordered to reinforce the squadron on the coast, to assist in the suppression of the slave trade. The Pique, 36, Captain the Hon. M. Stopford, left Ja maica on the 10th ult., for Barbadoes, with specie, The Vindictive, 50, now in dock here, is being expe dited ported) for flag service on the West India to relieve the Ill us t rious, 72, flag of S i r C harles station, Ad am , whose period of service has expired. The Victoria and Albert royal yacht, Captain Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, returned to Cowes last evening, having been out four days on a trial cruise, which has yielded the highest satisfaction. She came into the har bour again this day, at twelve o'clock. In Dock — The, Vindicti ve, Scourge, and Athol. I n Harbour—The Victo r y (fl ag -ship pro tern), Queen, Prince :Regent, Dwarf', Excellent, Sylvia, Nautilus, Fearless, Echo and Comet steamers. In the Basin—The e rcv itc h. Daring, Osprey, Lily, Flying Fish, Pa tal°°n, and a tSHEERNESS, AuG. 23.—The Monarch, 84, is ordered to be brought forward for commission forthwith. An order to enter 100 men for general service has arrived at this dockyard, since which announcement " many have called, but few have been chosen." In the Harbour—The Ocean, Raven, and Africaine. In Dock—The Monarch, Herald, Beagle, and Vernon. P ROMOTIONS. Assistant-Surgeon.—James Allan (1837) to the rank of surgeon. Second-Master.—W. li. Green, of the Fearless, to the rank of master. Clerk.—E. Gabriel, of the Madagascar, to be pay master and purser. APPOINTMENTS, Captain.—M. 11. Dixon (1811) to the San Josef, with the charge of the ships in ordinary at Devonport, vice Burgoyne, whose period of service has expired. Lieutenants.—T. J. R. Barrow, L. B. Mackinnon, G. Pyne, J. W. Probert, S. F. Short, all additional to the Formidable, flag-ship at Gibraltar. Mates.—T. H. Molyneux and R. Barrington, to the Excellent ; J. R. Hanyard, to the St. Vincent ; W. H. Il to M.D.nx ; T. W. W. S pear , Conolly, to the Comet. Assistant- Surgeon.—W. P. Banks, the Fearless, to the Crane. the Alban (1838), ot . J. B. Martin Cl erks .—A (in . charge), Arlington to the (in charge), to the Dwarf ; G. T. Harris, to the St, Vincent ; Mr. Rivers, of Deptford Dockyard, to the Director of Works' Department of Chatham Dockyard. Masters' Assistants.—G. Raymond, to the Crane ; Henry Petch, to the Tartarus. Naval Cadet.—G. R. Tuckey, to the Alfred. BoatsWain.—John Stanley (sup.), of the San Josef, to the Fox, vice Culter, superseded. ROYAL' MARINES. ruomol7oNs. First Lieutenant.—Z: Elliott to be C ap t a i n, v i ce Bridge, to half-pay. Second Lieutenant—W. Hutchinson to be First Lieu tenant, vice Elliott, promoted. FATAL OCCURRENCE.—An inquest was held yes terday at the Portcullis public-house, Wellington place, Clifton, on the body of James Martin, aged fifty sis who died on Wednesday. It was supposed that the cause of death was attributable to a violent purg ing, occasioned by his taking, en the Ist instant, a quantity of jalap, given him in a frolic by some compa nions of the deceased, who were drinking with him in a public-house; but the evidence of the medical man who made a post mortem examination was to the effect that he died of fever, with inflammation of the brain and its membranes, to which his intemperate habits predisposed him, Verdict accordingly.—Fe/ix Farle,y's Journal. STOPPING FOOT-ROADS. In Nottingham a highly respectable Committee (through a public meeting) has been formed, for the purpose of preventing any further illegal stopping up of foot-roads (which has been frequently done in that locality latterly) belonging to the public, and for the purpose of re-opening those which have been illegally closed. Some of those roads have already been re opened to the public by the Committee, and subscrip tions to aid them are handing in. The " road stoppers" have now a force against them they do not relish. The Committee have obtained opinion of counsel. Subjoined is a copy : " The law relating to public roads is very diffe rent from that which relates to private roads ; twenty years' usor or disusor has no reference to the former. The Crown (that is, in effect, the public) are barred by no lapse of time, except in cases provided for by particular statutes, none of which apply to public roads. Previous to the last General Highway Act, any person might dedicate his land for a public road, and when once dedicated, it becomes a public road for ever, unless stopped up by legal proceedings, none of which have been adopted in this case ; since that Act, a party cannot dedicate a road except as therein pro vided. Before that Act, no precise number of years' permission for the public to use it was necessary to constitute it a public road; length of time was only evidence, more or less strong, of an intention to dedi cate, and an usor of much less than twenty years was held sufficient. " Applying these principles to the present case, if the ground proprietor set out roads which the public have used for several years, much less than twenty, the public have the right now to use those roads, that is, assuming they were set out and used before Au gust, 1835 (the date of the Highway Act). " The non-usor of the other roads would not ex tinguish them ; the only effect non-usor would have, would be to render it a question for the jury, whether they ever were public roads ; if it can be clearly shown they were, they are not extinguished by non usor. " This answers the first and second queries. The Committee may legally insist on all roads which were public all the year being open all the year ; but the fact of their having been closed nine months is evi dence that they are not public roads all the year. What evidence the Committee have to rebut this I do not know ; it is a question of fact for the jury, and not of law. " C. H. WHITEHURST. " Temple, June 18, 1844." MOST DISTRESSING CASE. Two young persons, named Mary Ann and Sarah Ann Ann J o h nson , f lady-like manners, and evi dently of superior education, about four months ago engaged an apartment at the house of Mr. Stainsbury, No. 27, Charlotte-street West, White Conduit-fields, at the rent of 43. per week. They commenced a small school, and obtained a few scholars, but they were not enabled to support themselves or to pay their rent, and they became involved in arrears to the amount of 2/. 10s. They were pressed for the money, or a portion of it, but were unable to answer the de mand, and kept their distressed and starving condi tion a secret until it was discovered by their landlord, who told them if they would leave the lodging he would forgive them the whole of the rent. This, however, they declined doing. The younger sist er , Sarah Ann, whose previous system had been wrought upon by grief, want of nourishment, and the anxieties attendant upon the school, fell into a state of con sumption and insanity. Every step she heard she fancied to be a fresh application for rent, and she in dulged in loud exclamations to her sister, such as " Here they are ; they are coming for the rent." Last Saturday week a noise attracted the attention of Mrs. Stainsbury, who proceeded up stairs to the young ladies' apartment, and found them struggling violently together. The younger sister sprung upon the other in a state of raving madness, pulled and dragged her about, and would have choked her had she not been prevented by timely assistance. It was not until now that the real destitution of the unfortunate creatures was exhibited. Medical aid was called in, and Mr. Kitt, surgeon, of No. 15, Upper Copenhagen-street, and Mr. Duncombe, at tended, but the youngest sister lingered until the fol lowing Monday, when she expired, the doctor having no doubt that she died through want of nourishment. The remains of the deceased lay in the room with the surviving sister (alone) until Friday, when, from their decomposed state, the sister having no friends nor means to bury the body, the landlord applied to the parish authorities. A coffin was sent to the house, and the remains were interred on Monday last in the burial-ground of the Chapel-of-Ease at Hol loway, her sister being the only mourner. The sister has been visited by one or two humane persons, who have afforded her temporary relief. She is a most in telligent person, and states that they were orphans of respectable parents, who came from Dumfries, in Scotland, about ten years since. The parents died and left property, and the sisters lived for some time afterwards at Lewisham, in Kent ; but in their in experience they speculated in building, and were cheated of their money, and reduced to distress. They were often starving. ller sister and herself had re peatedly lived on a penny loaf and cold water, in preference to exposing their distress; and on being asked if they ever applied to the parish for relief, she said they chose rather to bear their misfortunes than go to the workhouse. They had no friends, and they entered upon a small school, which was too precarious for a livelihood. The unfortunate young lady is still in the house, depending upon casual bounty, and in great grief. PRINCE ALBERT'S BEEs.—The American Quaker bee-hive-maker, who keeps his hat on before the Queen, and calls her Majesty friend," arrived at Windsor Castle on Saturday last, with five additional hives, beau tifully constructed in the shape of castles, for his Royal Highness Prince Albert. They were afterwards taken to the Royal Apiary, at the dairy in the Home Park. Instructions were immediately forwarded by the Secre tary to the Master of the Household to an apiarian of Old Windsor, to supply his Royal Highness with five swarms of bees to stock the new hives with, a task which was satisfactorily accomplished before dark the same evening. Several more additional hives are expeAcd shortly to arrive at Windtior. • e • • • • Le' (c- A % r • -....„ . r s ir 4 . . ~„ 8.4 - v r 4t . 1., - 4 1;-- ,, „ z _44,kki. . • • 4t 2',.4,,•; # 1 - ;!ia _ • • • • ;.--• s,;, • • Pi, • . el • 0., rfor„,, •'Tr • )• ; IN At ' •cs * c 11; - • - ti ;in.: , ZIA s " --• -10*, - • • 40›. • DI out' • ' LONDON, TUESDAY MORNING SUN AUGUST 27, 1844. r/2- W - L::liff-.-:-.0 REPORT OF PRICE sd. yza ~ ?HE PRISON IN- SPECTORS. The Secretary of State,has appropriated the Millbank Prison, which was previously under the guidance of the magistracy, and called the Penitentiary," as a depot for the reception of all convicts under sentence of trans portation in Great Britain, in lieu of their being sent as heretofore to the hulks. The inspectors are periodically to make reports to the Secretary of State, and to recom mend the mode in which the prisoners are to be disposed of, with reference to their ages, crimes, sentences, and previous convictions, and in accordance with the great principles of cJnviet discipline as now established in the penal colonies, and under which there are four stages through which the convicts will have to pass before they become free --namely, detention at Norfolk Island, the probationary gang, probationary passes, tickets of leave. Convict ships now regularly take their departure. The convict is no longer inevitably imp e ll e d or l ured b ack to crime by being, ater a short imprisonment, again thrown among his old associates, and exposed anew to tempta tions to which his more depraved habits give additional force, nor does his tainted character, closing agaiest him the path to honest employment, almost compel him, as under the former system, to seek for subsistence by re newed depredations. On the other hand, society. is pro tected from the return of one of the most mischievous classes of its members, who are almost compelled to lice by plunder, and will seek to indemnify themselves for what they consider the harshness of their penal treat ment by fresh acts of fraud or violence. The inspectors further declare that " the prompt removal to the penal colonies of convicts under sentence of transportation not only prevents their return to crime at home, but is the means of saving the expense entailed by the imprison ment and trial of those who are re committed, and w he, wider the old system, constituted a very numerous (lass." - The hulk system is i to be entirely superseded. Better - accommodation in convict ships has been effected. The prison decks were dark, but they are now improved; and whereas five men were in the habit of being huddled together in a bed, each one has now a separate sleeping berth. The inspectors, after reviewing the subject at some length, state that the improvements in the convict system have during the last twelve months, involved be nefits more unquestionable, more important, as respects the moral, religious, and physical condition of the con vict, than have seldom been accomplished in so short a period. It appears, that from July, 1843, to July last, there were 3,588 prisoners in the establishment, of which, 3,144 were males, and 444 females. There were 2,530 males, and 439 females transported. Eleven pri soners died in the year, and . two became insane. The daily average number of prisoners throughout the year was 741. The report speaks favourably of the officers of the prison. TAGLIONI'S APPLICATION FOR A DIVORCE. Marie Taglioni, the celebrated danseuse, on Wednes• day appeared before the Civil Tribunal of the Seine , _ to apply for a divorce (separation d e cor p s ) f rom her hus band, M. le Compte Gilbert des Voisins. In this affair, as in many similar applications made by distinguished artistes and prime donne, the curious public were left to make their own conjectures as to the real motives to the separation. Vaglioni was represented by M. Dupin, who was about to State the lady's griefs upon which the application was founded, when he was immediately stopped by the Pre sident, who confined him to reading the following formal statement:— 4 That in 1834 Madame Marie Taglioni married the Cotint Gilbert des Voisins ; that at that period she was attached to the Royal Academy of Music ; that subse quently to their union, M. Gilbert des Voisins expressed his desire that his wife should discontinue the theatrical career in which she had already obtained so brilliant a success ; that on her part Marie Taglioni, induced by the love of her profession, and asserting her right to do so, 'persisted In a resolution to continue therein ; that front this determination resulted much domestic discord, in consequence of which she accepted several advantas geons offers of engagements, some of which were abroad; that on her return to France she had hoped to find M. des .;Voisins more disposed to conform to her wishes, but that so far from that being the case, he actually shut the doot against her ; that in this conduct M. des Voisins had offered her a gratuitous injury and insult, which would render it impossible that they could ever live together again as man and wife ; and that she there:bre prayed the tribunal to ordain that she should be sepa. rate in person and effects from her said hu s b an d, an d that she should not be molested or annoy e d by hi m ." A Masson, who, on the other side, represented the Cou . t, read a statement to the following effect.— " hat Madame Marie Taglioni, in breach of the obli gati n which she took on her marriage to give up her prof ssion, has entered into new engagements; both in Frar4ce and abroad ; that during nearly ten years she has lived away from her husband ; that under these cir cumstances the refusal of M. Le. Comte Gilbert des Voisins to receive Madame Marie Taglioni cannot he consipiered as an injury of a nature suffi c i en tly grave to justify a divorce, and that he therefore prayed the tri bunal to refuse the application of Madame Taglioni on the ound of insufficient reasons." 'l' case having been co ns id ere d b y t h e tr ib unal, T President pronnuticed a judgment in f avouro f t h e 1 divo e prayed for, on the grounds of the refusal of the Count to admit Madame to the domicile conjugal.—Ga zette ties Tribunaux: CuSTOM-HOUSE POLICE.—A new system of detec tive police, under the superintendence of a lieutanant of the I yal Navy, has just been e s t a bli s h e d ( says a Cor respo dent) by the Commissioners of C us t oms , an d t h e i r dutie will be confined to the tr ac i ng ou t o f f rau d s com mitte by this branch of the revenu e , an d w ill a l so co oper e, when occasion may require, with the officers of Excis`e. This arrangement h as b een a l rea d y f ound to succeed in bringing many fraudulent traders to justice, whose cases stand over for hearing at the next sittings of the Criurnissioners of Excise and Customs.—Observer. A CHART ROOM AT LLOYD'S.—A new feature, and one that deserves notice from the fact of the benefit it will confer upon those connected with the maritime interekt of the country, is about to be introduced in the re-organisation of Lloyd's—viz., the establishment of a chart room, which will contain the official charts and surve s published by the respective foreign governments so th the subscribers may have at hand a ready re feren to any point or place they please. The Admi ralty, the East India Company, and the Russian Go vernment have already, in the most handsom e manner, furnisbed the requisite copies, and there seems every probability of the collection being the most compl e t e o f the kind in existence.—Skipping Gazelle. FORTUNATE PRESERVATION.—On Friday night, about iten o'clock, two fishermen of Leigh were fishing off the!sands of Foulness Island, when they were struck with h6ring cries of distress. The night was very dark and teMpestuous, but they went in the direction whence the sounds proceeded, and discovered, to their surprise, seven soldiers standing upon the sand, on whom the tide was gaining most rapidly, and w h o must h ave i nev i ta bl y been It in less than an hour. Th e L e i g h fi s h ermen imined tely took them into their boat, and conveyed them to Leigh, the wind preventing them from at once taking them to Sheerness. It is to be hoped, that in addition to the gratification which these poor fishermen must febl at having been instrumental in saving the lives of so niany of their fellow-creatures, some substantial acknowledgment of their very useful services will be made to them. Indeed, we are surprised to hear that it has not yet been done.—Essex Herald. A NEW RAILWAY DANGER.--On Wednesday forenoon, at a quarter-past ten, as the first down train on the Eastern Counties Railway was passing through a cutting of about five feet, in the parish of Rivenhall, half a mile from the Witham station, a spark from the engine set fire to a field of barley, belonging to Mr. Upson. The barley was very ripe and uncut, and a heavy crop both of straw and grain, not less than seven quarters per acre. The 'hawk passed across the field with great rapidity, till they were stopped by the hedge or the bottom of the enclosure, which fortunately was a distance of only 18 rods. The quantity consumed was about two acres, and altogether, including the straw, the damage sustained is not less than 301. The straw is entirely consumed. The field was in a blaze of fire before the train was out of sight. EXTENSIVE FRAUDS UPON THE EXCISE:A most extensive gang of persons have just been discovered by Mr. Frederick Pargiter and Mr. John Charles Kay, two active officers of the Excise. From circumstances of a suspicious nature, the officers were induced to visit the chemical; factory of Mr. Barker, in Cross-street, Black - friars-road, and, upon examination, Pargiter found several secret trap-doors leadieg to an excavation under ground in 4he cooperage-yard belonging to a person named Bryant. The upper portion of the range of buildings; was used for chemical purposes, strong acids being prepared, with a view of counteracting the pungent smell arising from illicit distillation. Pargiter descended one of the secret trap-doors, anned„with a crow-bar and fire arms ; but, although he could discover in a secret and inner chamber a man at work, he was unable to effect an entrance to capture the offender. After con siderable exertione, the officers obtained a forcible en trance into the distillery, and there found, on passing through massive oak doors, three stills in perfect work ing order, with the spirit running off from one of th ern, a large quantity of molasses, molasses spirits, and up ards of 500 gallons of wash. So perfect was every thing to enable a successful operation to be carried on that the officers found it necessary to employ five wet , - gons to remove th e pl ant, &C., - to the chief office in Broad-street. The workmen, by, well-concerted signals, managed their escape in a most mysterious manner. Since the above affair, a second discovery has been made of a minor establishment in Little Collingwoed-street, Blackfriars, supposed to belong to the same gang.— Observer. CROPS AND WEATHER IN WALES.—We are re joiced to say that we have been generally free from those disastrous circumstances resulting from unconge nial weather which appear to have thrown a gloom over the agricultural districts of England. The tempe rature during the whole week has been low, and we hare had hardly any rain. The outstanding crops, there fore, have not suffered, and more bountiful harvest has seldom been anticipated. A few fine days only, and all will be well with us.— Welshman. Prince William of Prussia and suite arrived in this town by a special train, from York, on Thursday night, a little before tweve o'clock, and immediately proceeded on to Edinburgh. The Prince came direct from York, where he had arrived the same day, and visited the race course, attended by General Brotherton and a guard of honour of the 6th Dragoons.—Newcastle Chronicle. One hundred seamen are ordered to be entered in the dockyard under the Master-Attendant, to work as rigger's labourers at 15s. per week, with four petty offi cas, at 21s. per week as leading hands; seventy-five la bourers are also to be discharged from the department. of the boatswain of the yard; the whole of the seamen are to be disposable for sea service at a moment's notice. —Hampshire Independent. J ..‘,... -10....7. I 20 I 30 I 40 I 50 I 60 , "4. lO 3 I X 2 0 7 I X 2 15 3 1 £4 1 8 I X 6 3 9 kik * Co l , 14„ bed i 'LlaY offers the advantages of the guarantee of an ample t c lgeir n ca ital.-o{ permission to retain one-third of the premium le. g t desin Wn , hands (the portion so retained, with interest upon it, tle 3e ed from the policy when It become a claim),—of . a.scend ,,tht pia d and other scs of premiums,—and of participation a ". 43 at the end of every five years. 17 4t ,_eef il or l , G ,RANTS, TO TrIE AUSTRALASIAN COLONIES, Whole of life, this Company offer the permission to LO, itu , and reside in, any of those colonies without extra ire -`‘Orl t° Pay their pres there. For residence in New 4La Moderate extra premium Is charged. top,7 k ni Board f Directors, and Agents in all tke principal er>tted by u ft ankers in o the colony. The Bank of Australasia (in • Royal Charter, 1835), No. 2, Moorgate-street, London. 4 444 11 U ANNUITIES. t tti of atlli- P a rticipate in the profits of the Company, and receive a IP aAy n InUch more favourable than can be granted , by any t b 7abli x t -4 ung its investments wholly in England. The Company curely to ant these favourable terms from the advan 'arer,:,eases of irivesting a portion of its funds at a high rate .1 1 1' ''!:!es of p r INDIA. til4 l i -e rniurns for Assurances on the lives of officers engaged haval or military service in the East Indies and China, "venitt the Offices of the Company. eth„ )„ - ^-utta AGENTS IN INDIA. ) 7adr - - - - - Messrs. Boyd, Beehy, and Co. -44,1 bit al • - - - - Messrs. Line and Co. p&loj - - - - Messrs. Skinner and Co. tot n — Vectu... " - - - - Messrs. Ackland, Boyd, and Co. Ply,, i and particulars may be had at the Offices of the iN. l .... ' ishopsgate-street, corner of Cornhill. ne d Pr' s° lad! king )nged,, r o t v. [ 0 't V rev Sp v b $.Ol of t ti e 011 r Ole MO!, 10 30 sitY rest t bet Ito o, feritri Me d i : '01: 11 f„, his l itn Ike It On e at ti hod, ' 8 C~ dye ~ 01 11 ; 04 V II I• 0 • ft / e 0t I