The Sun. — London, England, 1845-09-24 00:00:00

t of 'Slit' 23. , / j iet ket was is ' , I I E 4 ,le, u pon u pon s a p ' , 0 01 ine on the la for refined ficed°ll i on , brown fr o fnr eft. ItunPi 67 ' Pe 0 30 1 pr i c es are n° u rel° nifested to P riat el/ ;pos ed of P er nand .35 _0„, thO ie t c , u p , Pe r Ovt inc;dc, b u t for g r , a of li n e in Pric'" slit ° rx 110 14 W" 110 nest trano: , p ort, oes 4 0 ' 1 , 0 ,0 0 0, 1 4 and quality . itio n 01 f anY bo , t 0 04 'at i e or ) P log an d g ire ref ,i n ed 11 11 r i p tions has b..:oopre, equal 10 04 ' re' vent in ex" p • ti ' ll, ,„, met " r ather o e: mail& A O ld OS hag • been P ore gJE a uY , ss u toed , Id a t higt' o 11 ' and Cli'v° ate's. o re r the mo ot Po e h oe 0 , e m ale Cll lea e rateS• 10, 0 I idt ° otnt' t oiv 4 t e e d s , 2 j . ,u e l t he 4llll corn t i d 65 h h" utt s an ton. od re o with i nCre leo" 1, , two CO l d t o 41 old 4°' 9 § s4} at 4 41, t 0 41 ZE 0 to 184 5 . re 4, CaYl e l'eaDO Janß p r" 0 , t he c Ol the Revert 0d [ a jestfi tho „ " , ew o , c e i tie tho oe 1110 , P i t s °ln for o'l r i n g el3 ll, : ,ev, 0 .1 Grel_4ooo t for the i t7 i , of ler the ~„1 that I eirl,tr! out sti the Inge 10 ',and th e " Pe°Bl' No, 16,570, ll ____________ . th ehi g i a rdi og the acreable deficiency little can as yet be au x - ,, - '2IY. known ; but, from the dissatisfaction generally t e ll i t t`r,„ . ( r,',37 farmers who hay% put the matter to the test of eie..7ug, there is reason to suppose that there will also be 3;e:eerie' falling off in that respect. oldne esndiaetenol:sii s d h erations have had some influence with . holders -in whheat, and the disposition to sell at present prices has f ed. Those parties who have still stocks o Vow-% MARY conclude that the superiority of last year's re a d, over that of the new will cause it to cemma . und( new h ay ',sale irony period ; and, though fair supplies of _ k•, e 'men ught forward by the growers, they . have re - the 1 ° sell except at enhanced rates. The increingly un allable thei- reeorts relative to the potato crop have . also had .104, weight; and the trade has assumed a decidedly firm \Vile in ~ ther any immediate advance of importance will occur t measure, on °f wheat will probably depend, in a great ma hon the weather ; but, however auspicious the latter stuff a ;rme, we feel tolerably sure that the price of bread .• i\-ot oust' later in the year, rise materially. lies i„3 l. is the crop short in this country, but the . harvest tnrou'en defective over the greater part of continental tai nc r., In Holland and Belgium the fact is so well ascer s d ee tnat ti re . mod it Government of the former country has nuai n , Prudent to reduce the duties on grain to the Mto 13; 4 P oi nt; whilst all restrictions on the import of corn Ai telo ginos have been removed for a given period. da m , An't 3 .,.. nu merous orders have been received from Rotter are are f —e rr', &c•• and the moderate stocks of bonded corn ;,. e,y t . not exhausted be sho . r' tly reduced into a very narrow compass, n ary e._ gusted by shipments to countries m hence, in ord of 001,Ts, we are in the habit of drawing some portions arti st ex . ureign °1.... supplies. In the Baltic ports Great Britain d h, Black Peet to b e out-bid by the Dutch and Belgians ; and 3, whore ota wheat has lately been bought up . to supply It s ewer the crops are stated to haveyielded indifferently.. i n tili, "-8, therefore that unless prices advance materially Uli tatf. n o l , lu trY We are not likely to draw any quantity of At h ',". abroad. 'last ea r l 3' all the leadingprovincial markets held since our I : e ara h - ac e e d rates have ..,een obtained for wheat. Up to —4°4 3 th-re Was not much excitement; but since that setieret; Later in timilcy;'{)etnlntnerastblekanxiety has been manifested by all par il.ati-Y_s; s . t i r i aT ° 4 l r an usines s was comparatively 1 7 )ara . tively quiet on Tues. 4e of 2d. per Olb was established on weekhe demand became much more at that and on u n Friday e s eculative purchases were made c ( Zs b , an t i iaa l s not ‘i n Only of w g he p at, but also of oatmeal, beans, pined • i'r heat commanded a further rise of 2d. per artiel sold 1 ,. ..% rose . at Is. above previous rates, and all other .he a to the same qaraci„eemulta from n o ll , proportion. 'tas a,.`7 r, and though the tuorfn 'wfuaessdagayai,nsatrethneohtn;frera, wheatlivelye day , i Zt general!, quoted higher. At Leeds, on the sam . th e ;a' value 0 the article advanced Is. to 2s. per quarter ittel c ase th-r fierations eernent was, how ever , pa id w ith some re l u ctance, o - were on rather a restricted scale. , The Mrin, lt a very different at Wakefield on Friday, ashen, th e 1 .1 f) the unfavourable reports respecting the effects to Pur c i7L° l l the outstanding crops, the millers were eager highec7,?sand the rates realised were at least 2s. per quarter tat tlei aci,LuiAtthe prices at which sales were effected on h t(i.ecttn _ to 2s. • risi o nu n the west and north-west we have also accounts of cinP.rices. At Bristol on Thursday, the rise did not ext broo4,2B. to 3 8 , but at Bi 'ngham the improvement amoun - per quarter and the whole of what was Them forward was sold' ' eoes h upward movement has not been confined to the large t X44- .37 ‘111n 0e is tow ns , the rise having been quite as great at I e markets in the agricultural districts . as at the lualitenbu'e kin d late in ~ , named ; and, though the inferiority of the do wn • "' the new wheat must tend to keep the averages o ccur i_a material reaction in the duty may be expected to the year. The last general return for the celi g H , (51s. ld.) was ls. 9d. lower than that for the pre (the duty ; and the aggregate of the six weeks, by which th e 3 ' is regulated, was just ld. per quarter below 565. Ilia rate required to cause the duty to decline to 16s..per atirte); there is, consequently, no chance of an immediate wie not mout's'; and it is no w p re tty cer t a i n th a t im p or ters er for home consumption. i s 'n,,,e most important i n t e lli gence f rom S cotland this week aatu s "leestionably that which relates to potatoes. The - e dis ea „ an e ar; so Prevalent i n t h e south has attacked the plant the " nus parts of Scotland. This discovery, together with accounts change of the weather and the animated ee from the English markets had roduced much ex pe7rnn_ent. At Edinburgh, on Wednesday, wheat _ rose 2s. 41,,stuarter, and most other sorts of grain and pulse were a _ so a il at enhanced terms. At Glasgow higher prices were wasl col le,a; and pretty generally obtained, whilst a further rise 80111114141 y calculated on by the holders of corn. the of our letters from Ireland begin tee express fears but the crop of potatoes had net escaped in that country : th e re t h e th_ por s t enc on theubject are not of so d fi i .11 e - n - te a I,:aeter as from other parts e of d the kingdom ; and we sti confined to this side of the ~Pe that the failure may i 4 4; aanel. The fine weather broke up there about the same operations had been arrested e as with us, and all harvest opera 1) 41 , Y the arrivals The of wheat coastwise into London have been m oderate, the quantity reported up to this (Saturday) even iag amounting to 3,245 quarters. , The show at Mark-la n e by land carr i age sam pl es f rom t h e qsree counties has been very small, and we are inclined to thick that the supplies w ill f o r som e time be trivial, as far- INN must soon begin to think of preparing the land for 41 1 1 41 n, sowing. s 2 lWednesday there were only a few runs from yssex . and was exhibited either tk', and on Friday scarcely anything mte ti t ,llese or more distant counties. Nearl the whole miler ion the fi st-named day was sold at prices ls.per Whil t - tt l , bove those current in the beginning of the week . , Prot th e sales subsequently effected were at a further im lilartee-reat, making the total rise since Monday Is. to 2s. per I'6 , tlia ' o 1.,!-:ondon average is Id. per quarter higher this week 'trad e `‘,,, e though the sales comprised in this return were ;on eh , vet bre the late reaction in prices, as far as London is have •"ett; therefore we are inclined to think we shall not Tha lower average than 565., or thereabout.. ill th: r ,, u has been a fair extent of business done since our last rue itt - "her sorts of free foreign wheat, and a similar enhance % to that estaMished on English has been obtained. to or r d nie d Parcels have been in great request. In addition tiv, era from Holland and Belgium, a good many specula on u P t p urc h t ases have been made, and the transactions have, w hilst lo west 111.1131 e, been rather important. The rise from the en art& Po . Pointe, of last week must be estimated at 3e. to 4s. per at 4G s : , good qualities of Lower Baltic red having been sold Per quarter in granary; Dantsic at from 445. to 485., I .„oiv 5 0 n1 ,, anY holders of the latter have refused to accept be beside ' Pe, r quarter for only moderately good qualities. hav e b e e 'hat has changed hands on the spot, some contracts shi pr ,,, !en closed for floating cargoes and parcels still to be Until "u...at continental ports, a branch of business in which, iii_tsis_ wee, very little had been done. pri ce u n u f g the town millers agreed to fix the nominal top li aa sin ce flo ur t at 498. per sack on Monday last, the rise w tell fitettwern taken place in who has led many of the manu article baba refuse to sell at that rate • the real value of the under riday a VerY ,as certp therefore again become unsettled. Ship flour gin --uI Y is- per k close than in the be ug of rh o sac dearer at the O n p • e week. brisk demand was experienced good b l°ol t, and for flour ra n upwards of 12,000 barrels changed , hand', P bar r o . 43 of the United States readily bringing 24; _;1 'a haat the val' Th e t hut hitlrieceiPts of barleof sea , .erte th e h tuu . y home growth have been small, try for this grain has continue s d lu •h • f l -- ( y u g , neith er E 11 of all other articles has been rapidly as the"ign i t 'L ru e , bondeicisglish nor foreign free barley has improved _ ord ers .Parcels have been held above the limits of -.. 3' were th ' t he sales have not been so extensive this It h m e previous lee kayo Measure ni"e4 °lf alo ee • barley tden inilue t v s _ ,r; the w IY, the demand having in . some ui Pint sc ..) . the continued dulness in wen made. "L Price, however, no variation has 'NE I tUSSIT ---------------- =" --- ------- --N THE AN . i CAMPAIGN „ T he 4 1 , 6 CAVCASUSt caul:ming: the ra h give% from a letter dated from - xhe bayin written Oki °I the lack Sea," ,St C - -- .. Ac •,„ja,tleasug : ' Officer the following account a t e o co h u a n y t e of be e n the o t rn h * Izooluist stAiln"lt°;..nlow has executed the boldest, but r a rrat l u t y. ti — ti t : ilk tha s - r o ' n u n a try Y .caumuptaiir :uthstatbeevceornafeßssuesdaittannfao l 'o's, tii', that the successes which have been ob t a ined . are lost ~,c:--mlPQnsation for the losses. The Russiarnes some `ve r ci r . ,e, tha n 3,000 men, amongst whom we Ptti:avcitl: It'ottliitnehgn:uishe d officers. The bad weather accom of as far as Andy. Ile summit south, as alsoYntral chain was covered with snow to the the heights of Retchel. Notwithstandin g ferteir,e cold, the troops laboured at the embankm th e e n e ts e , re to . 13;alli,Y,tht Provision .stores. The avant-posts, . 1 , ii ,:. of Ausinia, and the militia of the Caucas us, aostuewsnuetserlde, otcit7itvation in face of the enemy t • they eac h e. epu T ise h d e Nist k etaelinaents which attempted to advant i : Ari c icle(! of Rot he mountaineers during the ma rc h _ upon 'jti\l'a3 vigorous. They did not attck ihe rils le sword and bayonet, and frequentlys enormous blo c k VQ3 with rolling upon our tirailleur tl i ,,, s °l stone from rocks. It was thought at f c i fi r l s i t o t v h e a n t Were 3eppes short of ammunition. Some persons been cA.,, it e 'l that their reputation for courage , tc, Ite44tedtli The G eneral . -in-C hi f f a n nd e 3 the,. , .e courag e of his troops, , ca X terminated their labours. The temperature gtlheceteladttneorthsainngg Zoie,,t'l°r favourable, and the order to meraartcuhrewbase 'liraday (j on the 17th of July. On the . . following r eulume, including the native auxiliary cco p t ltr exceed 10 and were composed exclusively of d, h lhe Russians had with them only 400 Cos sac ks, etir,tract great difficulty in passing through the woo de d s coreprid over the steep rooks. The convoy of 4raught and only of the strictly necessary number Se Vthiell hors es the the soldiers had to bring o nl y under c.;,,t1 were absolutely wanted. Each soldier The those Pas Grabbe had to carry 601 b. of baggage. . Andy and 'F e °I the chain of the Itetahel, which `divides 4rttrila." c ountry of the Gumbet d'ltschery from the ee .13,,,,,u Tschnetschaia, was gained without resistance. 1,,,J 3 itl:1 the northern slope s of this wooded mountain L arz [11,41 par go, the chief object of the expedition. ''lste has b'eunie, since the destruction of Akulcho, Buie 11 h i, ac retreats of Scha.inyl who had collected there a m0r,(41,118,,' rthaunition, and' provisions. He has d built Les. kitist,!a " ',Or the Auls driven from I)aghestan a s n th e 7' - '° come to say their prayers and mak . i, Priqat -IsPosition of the country ; Scham yl . is _ both reports a tis ane and a the chief. The principal rar freglitrit,'3,ell,aolyl lso. make this their . rendezvous. They w ai' a-- ! 3 "ange their residences, going to infla me raisethe ~,ili gainst the Russians to collect the taxes, an d .- f ore,; rs ' His army has 'been ' increased lately by.rein 4041 I n tl from Iciste s do I.lngitschesp, Avares, and ev en n Arid ;_lksginstan. The march of the Russians . upo lik e Y41,1a,1 set the whole tribes in motion. Dargo is no t . e Etad tiu,sglio, defended by steep rocks, but by lumen_ , iliN;uilck forests, which render access to it extremely (I bliv ou t 'n every side. In 1842 General Grabbe !Tr' faii, d, r ed to approach Dargo on the northern side, but Nrik and this hazardous enterprise lost him both , and f 1 - r "lost i na acne.. When the vanguard entered, through_ 4tseher Practicable gorges, into the dense forest of great f ie' the eneiriy attacked him on every side with taiwilt, nereriess. The Circassians had formed barricades sire;rt-`os of the rocks and trunks of trees, which kJilcler au'Y impedeti the advatiet: all the Russian troops. * ere eheic‘ver mime dese obstacles all their shots told, and ellY at such officers as did not conceal the ~1~~ '3•-•,- _ - q''.„ ' • 4? .. :, . it. 4 . ..1 • I I . 4 . , . 2 , ~,,,,. I gi. _.,,,, • t ti..-A-, „ft ......„ „, 4:,. .... C_4i- Vtillit ,-.: it. ~.i. ~,---- i , _ :,. ~,,,, • emblems of their rank by putting on the cloaks belonging to some of their men. The enemy recog nised them, without doubt, by their not carrying muskets, Nothirg is to be done with cannon against barricades—they were to be carried by the bayonet. The Georg'an companies and the militia of the Caucasus did not exhibit much courage ; it was found necessary to replace them by other battalions. As soon as one of our men fell, the enemy carried off his arms and his cartridges. As to our dead, they left them ; but they concealed their own dead in the forest. The natural and artificial barricades which opposed the march of our army, the wild shrubs which covered the soil of these virgin forests, and the narrow and steep roads did more harm than the obstina' e resistance of the enemy. Not withstanding their impetuous courage, our battalions could only whence slowly, at the rate of one werst and a half per hour. Our avant guard, however, reached Dargo before night. This Aul is situated on the slope of a m 'untain, at the edge of a gorge, and was composed of sixty to seventy small houses built of stone, and a• few other more solid buildings, which appeared to be of very ancient date. Schamyl, seeing that the Russian troops were advancing notwithstancrng the vigorous resistance of his own soldiers, set fire to every point. Before the setting of the sun the chasseurs of Lithuania occupied the aban doned villages. It was already night when the staff arrived at Dargo and had the tents pitched. The fire of the buildings served for those of the bivouac of our head • quarters. On the 19th of July there was a murderous battle. Schamyl occupied, with an army of 5,000 Tschetschezzes on the nearest point to Dargo, a high mountain which commanded our position. He even threw some balls into our camp, and, although the shots did not generally go true, it happened, however, that a ball fell near the tents of the staff. It was a six-pounder, coming probably from one of the cannons which Schamyl had obtained possession of after the taking of Unzula. According to the report of the natives, these pieces are served by Russian deserters. However, the enemy rarely uses them, either through fear of losing them, or in order to save powder. The Commander-in-Chief ordered General Labinzuff, with five battalions of in fantry and• a large body of cavalry, to drive the enemy from their position. and seize on the guns. Our sharp shooters climbed up the mountains, but were forced to give way, for the mountaineers defended themselves vigorously. However, the heights were at last taken at the bayonet's point ; but the guns had been removed into the forest. Our columns being furnished with provisions for only five days, it was found necessary to order up a convoy. Six battalions were detached, under the command of General Pluke de Pluge neau, to serve as the escort to it. This column, on its march, was surrounded by numerous bodies of moun taineers ; but the real attack took place on the return to Dargo. The convoy was half a league in length, and Schamyl directed in person to attack at the head of his determined Murides. Two Russian generals, Wicktoroff and Pasek, were killed in the combat, by a discharge of balls, like General Fox, a few days before, but by the edge of the sword. Seeing the impossibility of defend ing the convoy, General Pluke had renounced covering the whole line. The enemy had seized on some Russian trumpeters, whom they forced to sound in the forest, in order to deceive the Russians, and draw them into a snare. Some Russian sharpshooters, led astray by its sound, followed a false direction, and the unfortunate column reached Dargo in the most deplorable state, af ter having left 1,300 men dead in the forests. The enemy loaded several waggons with the spoil, and upwards of 300 males and horses laden with baggage fell into their hands. On the 25th July we marched on the valley of Axai, and as soon as the troops got into the forests the combat began afresh. Continual reinforcements were found necessary to prevent the chasseurs from perishing. General Frey tag, who had received dispatches, suc ceeded in forcing his way through the enemy with 6,000 infantry and 300 Cossacks. He arrived at last at the bivouac of the army, and the two corps, thus united, proceeded towards Irselaul. The more the forests were left behind, the greater weakness and irresolution the enemy showed. On the Ist August the fortress was reached. Numerous bands of the enemy are still within two days' march of the valley of Ances. Schamyl has retired with his cavalry to the interior of Tsches tehnaya." The Constitutionnel, after quoting this account of affairs in Circascia, says, " It is easy, from the details which reach us successively relative to the last expedi tion of the Russians in the Caucasus, to form an idea of the new plan of operations which the Russian Govern. ment has adopted to reduce the mountaineers to obedi ence. The Russians are fond of comparing the war of the Caucasus to that of Algeria. This comparison pleases the Emperor. He would have cause to congra tulate himself, in fact, if it were exact, and if the success of his army in the Caucasus were as positive as that of ours in Algeria. The expedition of General de Woron zow, wa , therefore, traced out after our razzias in Algeria. In the impossibility of seizing these roving mountaineers, he aimed at reaching them through their property ; he thought be should find collected in the village of Pargo all the gunpowder, muskets, and stores of the army of the mountaineers, but this was quite an erroneous calculation. A heavy blow could be inflicted on Abd-el-Kader by seizing his stores, fur the Emir had an army to pay ; but the mountaineers of the Caucasus com bat for their independence at their own expense, and expect nothing from their chief beyond the order to precipitate themselves on the enemy ; they carry their powder about with them, and never lay aside their arms, which, in fact, constitute their whole riches. There are flocks in the Caucasus as there are in Kabylia, but in time of war they are so well guarded that the Russians can never reach them. Dargo was burnt down by Schamyl him self, and the Russians did not find there a single gun or barrel of poa der. Still more, it was on the Russian army itself that the razzia was made, for the consider able convoy which General Pluke was bringing up passed entirely into the possession of the mountaineers, and thus the pleasure of booty was added to the love of independence. The loss of Dargo was thus more than compensated for. In fine, this campaign renders the situation of the Russians worse than ever. It cannot fail to encourage the mountaineers, and augment the discouragement which is spread through the Russian army. The symptoms of this feeling are above all manifested amonpst the native auxiliary troops, who had previously been distinguished for their spirit against the mountaineers, as the latter are very disagreeable neigh bours. The Russian Government will probably abandon its new system of razzias, as it has abandoned twenty others. Meanwhile it has obtained for Count de Woronzow the title of Prince. A few years before a similar attempt drew disgrace and dismissal on General Grabbe." PROTECTION TO BRITISH PROPERTY ON - mu FRENCH COAST.—A letter from Lloyd's av•—• mentions that some Frenchmen had ' at Boulogne 'peen fined and im soned for plundering the it , -* ' -.wet vessel Trinidad, Brown, from Manilla to L0nd0..., ..., wrecked on the coast there, and that u - trected the restoration Of the stolen goods. the tribunal As some - -.ports injurious to the French character were afloat at ‘..ue time of the destruction of the conqueror on that coast, the above instance of French justice deserves mention. HARBOURS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM.—Mr. Hume moved in the last sessions for a return (which has been is sued within the last few days), showing the receipt of every harbour in the United Kingdom, for each of the last three years, setting forth the several heads of income and expendi ture. The return extends to 91 pages, and contains a mass of info.mation. The total income of the harbours in the United Kingdom amounted, in the following years respec tively, to the sums mentioned t-1841-2, the sum of 783,782/ 14s. 4id. ;1842-3, the sum of 805,4181. lls. sid ; and 1843-4, the sum of 830,323/. 9s. sd; of which sums the harbours in England and Wales, and islands in the British seas, produced respectively in the years 524,724/. 10s. Old., 547,123/. 4s. 11441., and 554,645/. 10s. 11d. ; whilst those in Scotland, in the same period, realised 168,626/. ls. 100., 163,879/. 18s. 11d. ' and 177,1231. 16s. 9d; and those in Ireland, 90,432/. 2s. 50., 94,415/. 7s. 6d., and 98,554/. Is. 9d. The harbour dues are collected under Acts of Parliament. It appears, midst the immense array of figures presented by the lengthened return, that the income of the port of London in 1841-2, was 13,182/ 48. 11d. ; 1842.3, 13,38,5/. Is. 4d ; and in 1843-4 it was 13,207/. 18s. 7d. The expenditure wa4, in the years respec tively, 8,1411. 98 , 8,310/. 17s. 11d., and 10,623/. 17s. sd. The excess of income is annually invested in Government securi ties towards forming a fund to provide for the reduction or ultimate extinction of the duties, and the fund now amounts to 39,5681. TIIE ROYAL EXCHANGE.—The frequenters of this noble ornament of the City have been much interested lately by the proceedings of the workmen in fixing the permanent gates at the north entrance, facing Bartholomew-lane. It will be recollected, that at the time of the opening of the new Royal Exchange by her Majesty the Queen, last October, all the gates were temporary, and of wood, it having been found impossible by the architect to get those very ela borate specimens of ironwork in such a state as to justify the fixing of them on that occasion. The merchants acknow ledge that the delay was most judicious, and there seems to be but one opinion entertained as to the perfection of the workmanship in the gates now being fixed. The gates them selves have a highly ornamented and enriched frame. They are made of wrought iron, the decorations being in cast iron. In the centres of the gates, on either side, are the arms of the City of London, and of the Mercers' Company,. with the cypher of Sir Thomas Gresham, T. G., very ingeniously in troduced. In the ornamental heads of the gates the rose, thistle, and shamrock appear entwined. Though of enormous weight, the gates are so well poised as to be capable of being moved with the least impulse. On the gates are the names of Grissell and Co., who, we are informed, are the founders. The Exchange having four entrances, there will, of course, be four pair of gates. Those to the east and south, will, we are given to understand. be similar to those which the workmen are employed in fixing. Those to the great western entrance will be much larger, and will be even more deco rated than the others, and will contain, besides the arms before referred to, the arms of all the twelve great com panies. It is understood that the Gresham Committee are making arrangements for erecting the pedestal and the statue of the Queen, by Lough, in the merchants area, and that as the merchants complain that the asphalts in the open part is found to be cold from its non-absorbant character, they have resolved to lay down the old Turkey stone-pave ment which has been preserved, adopting some ornamental devices in stone of richer colour. WEST RIDING REVISION.—IMPORTANT DECISION IN FAVOUR OF THE FREE-TRADE JOINT-VOTERS.---The revision of the lists of Parliamentary voters for the West Riding commenced at Sheffield on Wednesday. The Tories made it their great point to strike off the rew votes created by the free-trade party, to the whole of which they had objected. Mr. Baxter opposed the votes, as ren dered illegal by the Splitting Act, and the case was gone into at great length. The Revising Barristers, however, unanimously de cided that the votes were good ; and Mr. Blanchard, the senior bar rister, said distinctly, that "it was rather meritorious that any person should desire the privilege of a vote, and should purchase property to secure it ; it could not be made an objection to him, that that was his primary object in the acquisition of the property." This decision will, we believe, take away the only ground on which from 1,500 to 2,000 of the Tory objections rested ; and it, therefore, most materially affects the relative strength of parties in the West Riding. At Slwtlield the balance on the revision was 173 in favour of the Orange or Liberal party ; at Barnsley it was 100 in their favour, and at Rotherham 56. At Doncaster the Tories had an ad vantage, but the balance on those four districts is 333 in favour of the Liberals.—Lack Mercury. LITERATURE. LAW OF RAILROADS, 4c. By Leonard Sheiford, Esq., of the Middle Temple, Banister-at-Law. A work of this description--properly executed—must be found of great rase to railway companies, directors, &c., as well as to the respective shareholders, but at the present time, when such vast works are in progress, it becomes indispensable. A few of the subjects on which the work treats will show the nature of the plan. The author gives at length the general Acts for the regula tions of railways, and especi,lly these of last session, with exp'anatory notes. These notes are important in regard to many of the acts passed before last session, as they embody the decisions of the Courts of Chancery, as well as the Law Courts on disputed points. For in- Stance : " When large powers are entrusted to a company to carry their works into execution without the consent of the owners and occupiers of the land. it is reasonable and just that any injury to property which can be shown to arise from the prosecution of such works, should be fai-ly compensated for to the party sustaining such injury; and where the intention to give compensation in such a case has been clearly ex pressed, every fair intendment ought to be given to effectuate that intention. (Reg. v. Eastern Counties Railw. Co., 2 Railw. C. 736., pp. 752, 754.) Lord Cottenham, C., observed, ' It is extremely important to watch over the interests of those whose property is affected by these Companies, to take care that the company shall not, in any misrepresentation they may make, if they have made any, be permitted to exercise powers beyond those which the Act of Parliament gives them, and to keep them most strictly within the powers of the Act of Parliament. The powers are so large and so injurious to the interests of individuals, that I think it is the duty of every Court to keep them most strictly within those powers; and if there be any resonable doubt as to the extent of their powers, they must go elsewhere and get enlarged powers; but they will get none from me by way of construction of their Act of Parliament.' (Webb v. Man chester and Leeds Railway Company, 4 My. and Cr. 120; 1 Railw. C. 599; Scales v. Pickering, 1 M. and P. 195; 4 Bing. 448.) These companies procure ample powers to be bestowed upon them; but it not unfrequently happens that in the course of their works they find that they have not powers sufficient for perfecting all they contemplated; when that is the case, they must either make what bargain they can with the persons whose rights are adverse to them, or they must again apply to Parliament to have their powers enlarged. The Court of Chancery does not sit to enlarge such powers, but to keep both parties within the limits which the Legislature has prescribed. (Kemp v. London and Brighton Railway Company, t Railw. C. 608.") It treats also of " Incorporation of Railway Com panies," "Transfer of Shares," "Liability of Railway Companies as Common Carriers," "Indictments against . Companies," &c., &c., and furnishes a list of cases which had been decided by the respective Courts, fur nishing altogether a very comprehensive and intelligible book of reference with regard to a new species of pro perty which has been created within the last few years, and in which the whole nation is interested. PARIS ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. THE POTATO DISEASE.--SITTING OF SEPTEMBER 15.-- Several communications were received relative to the disease which has this year manifested itself in the potato. The writers who treat on this subject scientifically are divided in opinion as to whether the disease is the result of the invasion of a parasitical mushroom, or solely attributable to the unfa vourable nature of the season. One writer thinks that the pa rasitical invasion alluded to is common to the potato, and that it has been developed more extensively by the coldness and dampness of the summer. With due deference to the scientific gentlemen who have turned their attention to the visitation, we beg to observe that it is comparatively of little importance whether the disease have one origin or the other. The great ques ions to be considered are, first, whether the diseased potato is, as people suppose generally poisonous, or in any way injurious to health ; secondly, whether, supposing this not to be the case, the disease has deprived the tubercle of its nutritive properties; and, thirdly, whether these dis eased potatoes can be used as seed for the next year's crop M. Philippon and M. Pouchet say that they have eaten pota toes in their diseased state without suffering from them in any way. This is tranquilising news ; but these gentlemen do not tell us to what extent the potatoes which they ate were diseased, or whether, supposing that the diseased potato is not poisonous, it has not in its affected parts lost all its fari naceous character. We have examined diseased potatoes of the present year in all the stages of the dines* and have eaten some of those which were least infected, first, how ever, removing all the unsound parts with a knife, and eel , a in n o r s a beast, yng tha t At 3 tainly we did n o t ex p er ience any ill effects. This shows t hat the malady h as on l y i nva d e d suc h par t s o f th e t u b er cle as give eviden ce o f i ts existence; and there cannot be the least hesitation doubt that suc h parts as remain sound are fit f or f oo d , whe ther for tiomn f whether they e t 3 h the diseased s e w a le t ( d )ii p y a r i t i s n , fi lv efohra food, whether they be poisonous or not, for they can have no nutria tion whatever. As to whether the di sea sed potatoes may be I safely used for seed for quires much science to give an answer. If any part of the potato remain sound it may germinate, and produce as good stock as that from a potato that is not diseased, and it is very improbable that the diseased portion should have the power of propagation, for it is a mass of putrid matter; hut it re. , mains to be seen whether the malady will riot continire its ravages between this time and the period for planting, and so deprive the tubercle of the power of propagation. A letter then was read from M. de la Rive, of Geneva, on the pos sibility of rendering the electric light available for the use of the workmen in mines. This gentleman states that five of six elements of a pile of copper, and an amalgam of pOtasAiilm sufficed to render incandescent two cones of charcoal inclosed in a small glass globe. Messrs. Ledoyen and Raphaol in formed the academy that they had obtained a liquid of great utility for the purpose of disinfection in the emanations from animal excretions, by dissolving 125 grammes (4 02.) of ni trate of lead in two two pounds of water. This is a valuable discovery for Paris, half the hou es in which are infected by these emanations to an extent which is dangerous to health as well as repugnant to the olfactory organs~ The 46 were a few other chemical and some medical communisations read in this sitting, but they did not possess general interest. WOOL AND POPULATION. (From the Sydney Herald.) Thirty-seven years ago the population of this colony consisted probably of between 6,000 and 7,000 souls ; the increase within that period has been about twenty five fold. The quantity of wool then exported (i.e., in the year 1807), was 2451b5. ; the increase has been up% wards of fifty-five thousand fold ! The relative increase of population and wool within certain periods during the last 22 years, has been as fol lows : Per Cent. From 1822 to 1825 .—Population increased l7 Wool ditto lOB From 1625 to 1 8 2 8—Population inereastd Wool From 1828 to 1830— rquiation increased ditto lO3 65 Wool ditto lOB rrotri 1833 to 1836—Population increased Wool ditto ll3 From 1836 to 1841—Population increased Wool ditto .t. • 127 From 1841 to 1844-- , Population increased Wool ditto Another and not less interesting point of view in which the relation between wool and population may be regarded is, that of the average quantity exported per head of the community, in successive years. In 1832, exported 71bs. per head of population 1825, ditto 131bs. ditto ditto 1828, ditto 231bs. ditto ditto 1833, ditto 291bs. ditto ditto 1834, ditto 341bs. ditto dittO 1836, ditto albs. ditto ditto 1841, ditto 561bs. ditto ditto 1842, ditto 591bs. ditto ditto 1843, ditto 771bs. ditto ditto 1844, ditto 781bs. ditto ditto It is thus seen that within the last ten years the ratio of wool to the population has considerably more than doubled itself. The population in 1834 was 66,200 souls t in 1844 we estimate it at 172,000 ; being an increase of 105,800, or about 160 per cent. The quantity of wool exported in 18Ai was 2,246,9001b5.; in 1844, it was 13,542,1701b5; heft, an increase of 11,295,2701b5, or upwards of 500 per cent. It is worthy of remark that the export of wool dttritig 1837 to 1840. was less than three-fifths of the quantity exported during 1841 to 1844. In the first four years, the export was 26,022,0001b5. ; in the last four, 44,065,000 ; being an increase of 18,043,000, or nearly 70 per cent. Thus, while bankruptcy was stalking through the land, and the croakers were crying out that the country was ruined, and would soon become a desert, the real wealth of the colony was silently advancing with rapid strides. THE CARRIAGES OF THE SHEMPrs These very splendid carriages, which have tiOt. been Outz&iirt by any former exhibition of the kinds are to /Weil at Mr. Manners' coach establishment ) hi OArd• Street. The follow ing is a description t--Mr. Chaplain's carriage is a beautiful dress chariot, with side lights hung upon a handsome perch carriage, the whole painted a pale yellow, relieved with ultra marine blue and gold, and highly varnished, the doors and panels of the body emblazoned with the City arms, rich l ornamented, the front part and quarter panels emblazoned with the arms of the Innholders' Company, supporters two white horses en pedestals, the door and hind rails ornamented with the Sheriff's arms within crimson velvet mantles. The body lined with superfine white cloth and rich figured silk, white silk radient roof issuing from embroidered silk, City arms in the centre, the whole trimmed with very handsome broad silk lace with scarlet edging. The coachman's box mounted on richly carved standards and blocks, and covered with an elegant superfine scarlet cloth hammock trimmed with a blue fringe and silk hangers of white and yellow. On each end the City arms chased, chased lamps with the City crest, and the roof mounted at each corner with the Civic cap. Mr. Laurie's carriage is equally splendid. The body painted with bronze green, relieved with lines of white and gold. The carriage painted a delicate white, relieved with lines of green and gold, the City arms on the panels, and the arms of the Saddlers' Company. Supporters two white horses. The Sheriff's arms on the rails. The body lined with white cloth, white satin, and white silk lace, scarlet fringe to festo on ; h ammoc k triminsceadrleltv,itahndgrcheeasnedfrlianmgep.; silk hangings of s w cl h otiht:.l % green, and MORE PREPARATION. — Orders from the Horse Guards having been received by the Lieutenant-Govemor to dispatch a field officer from the garrison to inspect the staff of the militia in this district, Lieut.-Colonel Lord William Paulet, of the 68th Regi ment (Light Infantry), has been selected for that duty. We trust this is the beginning only of putting the militia in.a state fit to be called out in the event of an emergency.—Hampshire Telegraph. ADVERTISEMENT.—TRE OPINION OF DOCTOR CHARLES C. KEANE, OF BERMUDA, As TO THE EXTRA ORDINARY EFFICACY OF HOLLOWAY'S OINTMENT AND PILLS IN THE CURE OF OLD ULCERS AND SORES. —The Doctor expresses himself thus :—" I thought but little of Holloway's ointment and pills at one time, but I was induced to send to Halifax, Nova Scotia, to one of his agents, for two dozen pots and boxes, the effects of which on some of my patients are astonishing. Old standing sores and ulcers vanished by their tase as if by magic. so that for the future I am determined to continue to use them. Signed, Charles C. Keane, Hamilton, Bermuda."—To be had of all Druggi s t., and at Professor Holloway's establishment, 244, Strand. LONDON, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 1845, RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. NORTH KENT (VIGNOLES') LINE. A very numerous meeting, convened by the Mayor, was held on Monday at Canterbury, for the purpose of taking into consideration the projected line of railway proposed by the Directors of the Vignoles' North Kent Railway Company-. At half-past one Mr. J. BRaaT (the Mayor) was called to the chair. His Worship having read the requisition, stated that he had in pursuance of that requisition, which was very respectably signed, called the meeting together ; but he re gretted its having been called for the purpose of taking into con ideration the merits of any particular line, instead of the con: ideration of any line which might be brought forward, regarding only the interests of the city of Canterbury and the general interests of the country. The great. objects which they had to consider were the celerity and cheapness of railway communication between the cities of Canterbury and London, and they ought to support the line which offered in the greatest perfection these advantages.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped the meeting would not decide too hastily as to the particular line which they should give their sup port to, for it was a very important subject of consideration. There was sufficient time for considering the various lines that might be projected between this period and the as rembling of Parliament, and he hoped that they would avail themselves of that time for selecting the best line of commu nication.— (Hear, hear.) For his part, he was actuated only by one object—namely, the establishment of the most eligible and advantageous line, as regarded the interests of the city of Can terbury.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. MArrnEws proposed the first resolution, which was to the effect that it was the opinion of the meeting that a direct line of railroad along the old post line of communica tion with London from IDover, through Canterbury, was greatly required by the wealthy and thickly-peopled districts of North Kent, which would thus be brought into direct connexion with the metropolis. He said it was unnecessary for him to dwell at any length upon the very great advan tages which must necessarily result to the city of Canter bury from the establishment of a direct line from London to Dover, through Canterbury—the line was called Vig noles' North Kent line.--(Cheers.) They were aware that the prosperity of the city of Canterbury depended in a great degree on the establishment of a line of railway communica tion direct between Canterbury and the metropolis.—(Hear.) The South-Eastern Railway Company had given an inti mation of their intention to propose a line as a substitute for that line ; but be did not see anything; either in their finan cial,operations, or in the amount of accommodation which they afforded to the public, which could induce him to forego the advantages which would result from having the com munication direct between the city of Canterbury and the metropolis, and in the hands of an independent line, the Directors of which would have the interests of North Kent close at heart. Mr. Matthews concluded by proposing the resolution, which was seconded by Mr. Thomas Cooper, and carried unanimously. The neat resolution was proposed by Mr. W. J. COOPER. it set forth that, in the opinion of the meeting, the line pro jected by Mr. Vignoles, termed the North Kent Railway, appeared to be best adapted to meet the wants and promote the interests of the county generally, and of that district (the neighbourhood of Canterbury) in particular. He was satisfied that every inhabitant of Canterbury who heard him approved of that resolution.—(Cheers.) There was, in fact, so little ground for doubt or question as regarded the advan tages to be derived from a direct line to London from Dover through Canterbury, that the only subject of consideration was which line they ought to adopt.—(Hear, hear.) Looking retrospectively at the proceedings of the South-Eastern Rail way Company, he should say that he did not consider it ad vantageous to the city of Canterbury. It could not be denied that the effect of a line which did not give an independent terminus to Canterbury, and establish a direct communi cation between that city and London, must be injurious to the city of Canterbury, no matter however liberal spirit in which such a railway might be carried out. It was the duty of the citizens of Canterbury to see that it was made a main trunk station, for nothing short of that could be suffi cient to supply the just claims of the city of Canterbury for railway accommodation.—(Cheers.) Ile (Mr. Cooper) had for the last thirteen years enjoyed the opportunity of witness ing the condition of the passenger traffic through their city, that great thoroughfare of traffic to the Continent. He re membered a time when the constant passage of carriages -and four and stage-coaches was a great source of wealth and profit to the inhabitants of that city; but that was now alto gether changed, so that it was a novelty to see carriages and-four pass through on their route to the Continent ; and it was not until within a recent period that they saw any examples of such intercourse revived, in consequence of the misgivings of sonic timid persons who were thus in itduced in Canterbury in duced to adopt the old coach road and travel in their ear plalfil te affiiiit of t tr h : e lr ca c h i h A lt ;: ta l d : b . e hi en ch formerly she d r b i ) o i r d b r t n t r h i n d e:r a ) . ff u w e r a . c y t s enjoyed.— (lear, hear.) They had seen shops shut up, and a tenant not to be found for them, in thole positions which were the best ca'culated for business of any in the city; and he was sure they must all feel convirepd that it Was their duty to make the most strenuous exertions to remote the city of Canterbury to that prosperity itiib formerly enjoyed; and to which btr 1108itioti entitled her.—(Cheers.) They ought to make the most strenuous and energetic exertions to secure for their city her proper share of traffic, founded on a libe ral and enlightened basis. They ought to exert themselves to procure for Canterbury a direct Communication with the metropolis, which was the only communication by railroad that was capable of conferring real and substantial benefit upon them. Ile was nut there th oppose the SOuth-FAstern Itallway=-he had t 6 d 5 with that line; but he could not agree to their proposition to make another line to Dover, in contradistinction to the North Kent line, which had been projected by Mr. Vignoles, and which had received the universal support and assent of the citizens of Canterbury.—(Hear, hear.) The line to which _be. alluded ag ; ds b Ptlipliski by the rlouth-Yusteiil Company, would go (if carried) through thinly peopled parts of the county of Kent, whilst it would leave untouched those which were of far more importance from their greater wealth and population ; and that he looked noon to be in itself a Very SOtiolla objection to it—(llear, hear)—whilst it was in opposition to a railway that would not only go through the most populous Iliad preSperNs dis tricts in the county.. It hitt' lienlifglid As ah Objection agAllist tile fieopte of Canterbury, that they on a former occasion opposed a line through their town ; but the truth was, that they had been always opposed to the principle of inflicting upon Canterbury i the evils which would result to cation With the metropolis:-4 etti; liefif;) her from any other but an ndacident and speedy communi tti ateWelk' Urried out, y th e establishment of the North Kent Railroad, whi c h wou ld , per h aps, h ave the effect of increasing the p r o s p er it y o f t h e i r city, an d o f bringing back bury tO,Ltindohwfts a. traffic such as they had once b e f ore en j oye d.—( Hear, hear.) He felt that the establi s h ment o f a di rect li ne f rom Canter fit ttttttCd &Au heir Dt 4 )§orilY.Au(Clittfi.) He hiked NOrth lient Railway, as projected by M r . Vignoles, to be the line which Fltd slily tree ,lobos Of inereaslqg was best calculated to develop their resources and increase their prosperity; and therefore had great pleasure in propos ing the resolution.—(Cheers.) It was seconded by Mr, W, H, TRIMNELI who expressed ' himself clissaiisfiee with the &wilt State of the failfoad - etween Callterl3hFY And lilinCitei It the South- Eastern Railway, and stated that it required to travel fourteen nules by coach from Canterbury to Ashford, to join the trains going to London or:Dover. That city, which had assembled its inhabitants upon that occasion, was one of the oldest in the empire, and he thought it not only ought to have a terminus on an indep en d en t li ne , but ought to tie the nucleus from which all the other rallWa.ys in the, neighbour • hood 9hdttid radititt.—(lltaf; htar.) Mid the beSt wily lb ensure that was to proceed energetically with the North Kent line.—(Cheers.) By having such radiating lines though all the important towns and villages in the neigh bourhood; they would be enabled fully to develop all the resources of the wealthy end fertile district of North Kent. Illtirlrt, junior, wished to say a feW w ends before the fe solution was put from the chair,—(Hear, hear.) lie thought the requisition calling the meeting restricted them too closely to Mr. Vignoles' li ne i ns t ea d o f allowing them, as r it or o m u ,a g rd ht, by to d ee in lee r t en f l o p n r i oj tl t t o h: s e t t h i n a e t s which might deem be brought best calcillattill advankit ithisinterEstg tit Canterblif; and secure for them cheap and rapid transit.—(bear, bear.) He thought they ought not to be prevented on that occasion from ciih they h t considering which of the proposed lines would secure to them ,the most speedy and the most rapid communication with the metropolis, for he thought these were the two most impot tint elements in railway communieation.—(llear, hear.) They had heard of the South -Eastern Coinpany's intention to pro pose a competing line with the North bent, and he felt it proper to state to the Meeting that these WO Still in 61:intettii• platten another that had great advantages, he meant the atmospherie It was a line which , in his opinion , offered mere advantages than the North Kent,. as being more speedy and eheapef in its iuudu of Werhltitt than any other, being at the same tite4 re markably sate. These were the adiatitaZt Ivhich the liremotera of the Great Nbrth Rent At tisplierig line aw e d to t 6 oth It wOuld; he WitA sure, be admitted at ate that they were very greet advantages : indeed, when they were told that a velocity or eighty iiiiles An howr toold be attained without risk; of any liteiliiVenielita being felt by the pAsseligel's ther would at once perceive the, &CMOS for speedy with Ahe thetrePOlie Whidi Mich it poi* altorded; ithd ivtiett t iiiXll ii i3rcljt Were ttleill, ht thought the Meeting ought at least to pause before they decided at once on adopting another line which did not possess m . advantages. There was auffi dent tme cOnaldar the rel4lve tinirite bf the diffefeiii tOillpeting litiek and; the tiftiiifistanceti, ang sideline the vast iliitotietneets iiibtive,Ppiorei *ere making e: . .ieq• 4.e ittokht (MO AftirE thej; deterifiihed Oil die particular the iii preference to all others. The Great North Kent Atmospheric line had another advantage which he ought to have mentioned, namely, a power of overcoming .gradiens which could not be surmounted by Other lotOttihtiVeg, anti the eifett of thit was to eaVe a great deal of eill'ense to the piopiretora • iii , thk plitehase of laud, as they yrerq f Oiti this catise dlteh gleta*l to avoid the nectaiiity Of gOlng s 618- Meallea or such pieces of. land, the puithase of which Was very expensive. It would at once be seen that a line upon the atmospheric principle mild 44 werkell Witt leas capital from this cause, as it could be laid downfrOin Canterbury.th London at considerably lei expense thati any tither de; scription of line) whilst its , Stale of farts tot iiilaSBntierh would be very low, thus otretifig t i ne greater inducement to travellers to pass frequently on the line, whilst its economic working would allow a fair profit to the proprietors from these reduced chargos. Sir LIoNEL GoLossttn, as a' landed ltoprieta iii Kent, and chairman of the prejtettd North Kent RitilWay; felt called upon to address a few observatithis to the tiled= ing, deeply interested as he Wet in the watts tf the prO= posed direct line between DO'Ver, Canterbury ; and th tropolis. Such a communication had long occupied hit thoughts, not as a chairman of a railway &oniony ; brit freiti a desire to obtain for his tenants In Kent an opportunity of more favourably disposing of their produce than they now enjoy.—(Cheers.) They had been recommended by a gentle. man opposite to wait for new projects, but they had waited so many years in vain for a direct railway communication with the metropolis, that he would advise them to exert them selves, and wait patiently no longer.—(Laughter and cheers.) This project was well matured, and it would have been brought out in 1841 but from an accidental circumstance, and he thought the time had now come when North Kent ought not to be any longer deprived of the advantages of such a communication with the metropolis.—(Hear, hear.) Under such circumstances, he did not see how they were called on to wait for any longer period, and he thought that such a delay would be peculiarly inopportune at the present moment, when the public mind was so much occu pied with the subject of increased facilities.--(Hear, her. The promoters of the North Kent Railway had the interest of that district and of the city of Canterbury at heart; and he was of opinion that any line which was brought forward by parties avowedly for their own views, ought not to be pre ferred to it.—(Cheers.) It was, in fact, the projected line of the North Kent Railway which called the competing lines into existence, and he hoped that such au opposition would not be advocated by those who had an interest in the city of Canterbury and the district of h Kent. They had united for ten years without any benefici result, so far as regarded the introduction of a direct line through u.....nterbi!7 to London, and it was now time to bestir themselves. respect to the introduction of the atmospheric principle, which one gentleman brought forward as an argument for delay, it ought to be recollected that the atmospheric prin ciple could be introduced on the line at any future period, if its application were found to be desirable.—(Hear, hear.) He thought the North Kent Railway could not. be in better bands than the present Company, and he thought there would be infinitely more security with them than with a Company which was constantly changing its Directors and engineers. He had honked at the share list of the North Kent Railway, and he could say that he never saw a better one.—(Cheers.) Mr. WILKINSON, one of the Croydon Atmospheric Railway Company, said that, when he saw the requisition at first, he had some doubts as to the propriety of his attending, init..- much as it was to be a meeting for the purpose of specially considering the merits of one particular line, namely, the North Kent Railway. Howeve-, as he belonged to a Com pany who had on that day brought forward anotlnir pro jected line, in a tangible shape, be thought it would hardly have been respectful towards the citizens of Canter bury if he did not avail himself of that occasion to state to them the views whicn he entertained with respect to the projected line of railway with which be was connected. As to the motives for the introduction of particular lines, there was no doubt that all the projectors had motives of their own.: Sir Lionel Goldsmid had acknow- ledged that his motive was to serve his tenants, and he (Mr. Wilkinson) had a desire in the same way to serve his own constituents; but the great question for the public to consider was, which line would be most advantageous to them.--(Hear, hear.) He should not have thought of pro posing a line which was different from the projected line of the North Kent, if he did not think that he had a better one than it, and he would ask them if he produced a better plan than that of the North Kent, and one which was better cal- culated to secure the sanction of Parliament, would they not support it? He should be happy to go into details when a more detailed statement was made on the other side, but until the citizens of Canterbury had more detailed informa- tion with respect to the different lines, he hoped they would not decide in favour of any one in particular. He believed that the atmospheric system afforded means of carrying pas sengers more cheaply than the other system ; indeed, such was the nature of the atmospheric principle, that it almost compelled any company which applied it, to convey passen gers at a cheap rate, as they . would be obligTd to dispatch trains very frequently, in order to economise Their power. Mr. POOLE said that the North Kent had been first in the field, and had long since proposed the line of the old coach- road to London as the most direct. A desultory conversation here took place as to the compa rative length of the proposed lines of atmospheric and North Kent, after which Sir J. M. TILDEN addressed the meeting, and stated his impression that the atmospheric principle would be generally adopted on all railways, and he gave the Croydon Company credit for availing themselves of the experience of that prin ciple on the Kingston and Dalkey line, but he did not think the line they proposed as a competing line with the North Kent was calculated to be successful The people of Canter bury wanted one direct line to London, and this the North Kent line proposed to give them.—(Cheers.) Mr. SLADDEN (solicitor) moved an amendment to the re solution, to the effect that it was not expedient for the meet ing to come to any definite decision until the details of the plans of all the projected lines were before the public, and that a committee of the citizens of Canterbury should be ap pointed to decide which of the lines was best deserving of support. The amendment was negatived, and the resolution was carried, with about half-a-dozen dissentients. Mr. WARD moved a resolution to the effect that the local interests of Canterbury could not be so efficiently served by a company in possession of a line already, as by an inde pendent and competing company. The resolution was agreed to. Another resolution was agreed to, pledging the meeting to support the North Kent line; after which the meeting separated. LONDON AND YORK. LINCOLN, SATURDAY.—A special meeting of the Town Council of this city was held in the Guildhall this day, to take into consideration several matters materially affecting, the interests of the citizens, arising from the intention of pro secuting the projected London and York, and other lines. The TOWN-CLERK read the clauses of the London and York Bill, as affecting the navigation of the river Witham, from the high bridge of the city of Lincoln, through the port of Boston, to the sea, also the Fosadyke navigation from the city of Lincoln to the river Trent, from which It appeared that the material provisions are to Fecure a fire foot water- course in each navigation, and to reduce the present amount of tonnage by one-third. Mr. Alderman RUDGARD thought the Railway Company, who were to derive the profits of the navigation, ought to rebuild the bridges over that part of the river which connects the tWo nevigations together. In case of refusal, he should propose that application be made to the House of Lords fur leave to oppose the London and York Bill, unless clauses for protecting the public interests as regards the bridges and navigation were introduced. He moved that the Town- Clerk do attend the Board of Directors, and make the request of them. Mr. Alderman WETHERELL, a Director of the London and i r tifk RallWayj t',onsidercd the proposal of Mr. Rudgard as fair and reasonablt, slid fit he €+; as going to town on Monday to attend a meeting of the Board of Directors on Tuesday, he would take care to represent what were the feelings of the citizens of Lincoln on the subject. He was certain it was the wish of the Railway Company to render the navigations complete, and to aid the 'object in view; he requested a tvrttfeti nate/Tient to lay 'before the board, in order that an engineer might be appointed to inquire into the matter, as he expected before anything could be done, Mr. Cubitt, or some other competent person, would be consulted. The TOWN-CLERK remarked that the river interests ap peared to have been forced upon the Railway Company by the ditergtlol2 of the line, and the adoption of what was called the loop along the line of the rivers, or he thought the Direc tors would have been Inclined to have thrown that part of the scheme overheard altogether, if they could have done so consistently as men of honour. Mr. RUDGARD said, if he were a Director, he should urge on the Railway Company to comply with the request, to pre vent the apposition of the citizens ; for as regarded the ma ithey were most decidedly op posedlt Y ofto people L lie o o n p d l o e n in an L d ln l c ' o o l r i k '' set. erne....( Hear, hear.) At length a resolution was unanimously carried, calling upon the London and York Railway Company to take upon themselves the rebuilding of the three bridges. A ,Committee of seven members (1* the council was then appointed to adopt mears with a view of carrying out ex tensiVe ifiiploVettionts in the city, rendered necessary by the opening of railways. IMPORTANT RAILWAY MEETING AT DUDLEY. DUDLEY, MONDAY, SIX O'CLOCK.—To-day a numerous and most respectable meeting of the inhabitants of this borough was held in the Town-hall, for the purpose of considering the propriety of supporting the South Staffordshire Junction The meeting was Balled tut tirekre o'clock, and shortly after that hour the chair was taken by EdWard Terry, Esq., Mayor, who opened the business by observing that he felt highly pleased at meeting on that occasion so numerous, re spectable, and highly influential a body of gentlemen as he had then the honour of presiding over. On a former occasion he had the pleasure of introducing to the inhabitants his friends whit Were tonneeted with the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Railway, and on that occasion it was unanimously resolved that they should support that under taking, and they all knew the result of that resolution. They had fought a hard battle, but they fought and won.— (Applause,) Having won one battle in connexion with the interest of that distr . :let, It now became them to consider another line which was to act es a feeder to that great and important line which they had obtained, and that line was the South Staffordshire Grand Junction. They had then present a numerous deputation from that company, who ijratiltl explain the nature of the undertaking, and lay before that the claitne whjeh that company had to their support. Of the importance of siidi it line of communication between the town of Dudley and Wolverhampton, and all those great towns into which it would bring them in direct commttnitas tion there could not be the least doubt. They had already secured a communication with the south of England, and by the proposed line they would gain a connexion with the north of England and all the great outports. As all these advan tages would be More fully and ably set forth than he could possibly Mail UWE, he should not detain them longer, but call upon Mr. Mathews. Wm. MArernws, Esq., then rose, and in a Very powerful and effective speech pointed out the advantages which would result from the proposed undertaking. lie corn- Witted by saying that it was only 12 months ago since the inhabitants ,Of Dudley met in that place to consider the Propriety of suPPOrting tt line of railway which was to afford that accommodation which their great commercial transactions entitled them to expect. The opinion of the inhabitants a that important town, with respect to that titeemilidelatitairWas heard, and attended to in the manner iii *high it ought to haste been. The town of Dudley was theft net placed lipen level With the surrounding country, &id NO 1464'41 bintlitiOn *s}a that it vvas impossible to afford the necessary accommOdatloti to the itewti on account of its elevated position. Previous to the meeting 12 months ago he had connected himself with the prpject of a line through that distilet, but Recording to their plan they were not to end:irate Dtittleyi but leave It one or two miles out of the Main line, His Htrit. Friend; Mr, Badger, with two other geritiehien iiiiifieeied With flit; tbiwn, tkpostulated with him upon the impropriety Of leaving Ditfilq otit Of the main line, and he then thought it necessary to commtititatt4 with the engineering department of that line, in order to place Dudley iii ita proper position ; and Dudley was accordingly placed oil the Main line: He theft httEttrded an opinion that Dudley would ticit,ohly not be loplated iti worse position than other iiiwil4 in the iieigltbtitir2ttlod but that it only required the perseverin Mi ee; dillgenee, d public spirit -Which the men of pi always evinced to place it in the best position. He knew that there were great difficulties in the way of effect ing that °Nett; He kite* that there were great obstacles to contend againat dridlig front influential parties, and gidd to the Men of Dualoy, "no not nialte us put liPoil the main line; ttnless you dive us such support as will enable us to &Ohre the Passing of the Bill for the Makin..4f that llnc1" The gentlemen of Ditcliqi amded him they would give to the Uncleriril.:2: that support which it &Cited; and the result was that which they here all well aware of slid he Wasdigit that day to say that the gpritielfiell Of' Dudley had redeettled their pledge, honour ably; nobiy;.oo. and lie had nit healtatiOn ill saying that one Of the main iiigrediefits in their tfiutithrint §iit. cest; was the iiiipertant support which they refeived trdtri the Inhithitants of this important place. Having gained that object; he ventured to state it as his opinion, that if the gentlemen bf bittiley entitlinted to make the same de motiattations with that prudence and caution and propriety which they had hitherto manifested, instead of being placed in a worse position than other towns, they would be placed in a better position, and he now thought the facts he had to state would bear out the grounds up which he came to that conclusion. lie thought the animus that guided the parties who opposed them would ful l y j ustif y the inhabi tants of that town in disclaiming any overtures from that e them. lie in any shape in which it might b e p resented to hm lle need not say that no demonstration was made _upon_ the part of that rival body until they were obliged to a lly them-_ selves with other parties who were opposed to the interest of the Oxford, Worcester, an d Wolverhampton line. These ge ntlemen did not afford' any accommodation to the inhabitants, but they threw every obstacle in their way. They not only denied them their assistance to carry out their project, but they offered every resistance that could be given to stop the proposed railway commu nication through that town. The inhabitants of Dud ley were of necessity compelled to ally themselves with the important line to which he has already alluded ; and having now witnessed the accomplishment of that great pro- . ject—having ae9 a *tort' gained Qyg difficulties ups- , ralleled in the history of railway comp etit ion, the inhabiter i ts A vote of thanks to the Mayor was of that town had, in the past conduct cf the men w ho -which the meeting broke up. came before them on a former occasion, sufficient to just' i:v The parties afterwards sat down to an them in relying with confidence neon them for the full:line at the Royal Hotel. 1 of any other reasonable project which they might bring f Ir— ' When the promoters of the Oxford, Worcest-er , rnd Ww oh .-M 9 , s yy lth . crhampL,.. 2 Railway came before them, they dbl . an expr as assuranes. !hat their only object was the rohe ~, welfare. They showed to r demonstration that the, 1.... terests were those of the inhabita:ts ; and havingestabb. ,bed the fact, they readily obtained their topport, and wi•li it the most triumphant success. They had now come before the 'n . to recommend another project, which was on e i ntimatel y ii.' connexion - N. ith the former, and which might be said to be a part of the natural consequences of the former undertaking. The great consideration with the inhabitants of that town was how they should best proceed frill Dudley to the east and north-east part of the kingdom, and looking at the im mense amount of goods to he removed f. om Dudley, it was quite evident that they 5t00. 4 in need of the most direct line I which theY could make from I;,7clley to the north-east point. The lion. Gentleman then proceed.. 4 to point out the line of route which it was intended to take l'," the company which he had the honour of represen ing, and, li:Ting d6-'.e, so, oh served that the line brought forward by their op:l°neril• s migle., be said to occupy the same ground, and, in fact, wa:'icl; b `el:tica; so that in considering one line they might be sale tes A c,onsidering both ; and if it was only a question of disirke ' the inhabitants of Dudley might say they Lid not cart' , which line they bad, provided they got a good line ; but there were other circumstances connected with the ques tion at is me, which when properly considered could not fail to weigh with the Meeting in favour of the project which he that day brought before them. Mr. Mathews then adverted to the ICrent Valley and Midland line, and referred to the al liance of Colonel Anson's line with the Birmingham Canal Company. There had adlready been a meeting in Dudley to obtain the sanction of the town to the proposed line of rail way running along the banks of the canal, which it was pro posed should be done, the Railway Company giving a gua rantee to the Canal Company. He would just remind the meeting that where guarantees were given by one public body to another, in the end the public I themselves had' to pay for them. A guarantee could not be given for any sum beyond fair profits without the public being injured thereby.—(Hear, hear.) The South Stafford shire came before the public unfettered by any of these gua rantees; at the same time he was not surprised that the Bir mingham Canal Company should want this guarantee. He did not deny but that the Canal Company had, in former years, done much by opening the traffic to various parts, and they were entitled to just consideration for that; but the Canal Company had derived great advantages by so doing, and the shares that cost 171. 10s. each were now worth 9-If. ; so that whatever convenience the Canal Company had afforded the public, the latter had paid handsomely for it.—(Hear, hear.) The Canal Company, however, did not say, come and guarantee us on the 17/. lOs., but they wanted it upon 1001. each, just six times more than they originally cost. The project was one which the public had no right to recognise. He wished to be understood, that he did not object to the scheme of having a line of railway from Dudley to Binning ham, and if that was all that was proposed, he should offer no opposition to it. But looking at the circumstance, that the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton line, which Would cost so much money . , would well accommodate the pub ' lic between Dudley and Wolverhampton, the question then was, whether the proposed railway on the banks of the canal should go to Wolverhampton, or whether it should not stop at Dudley, and there join the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolver hampton line, which would have a double line of rails laid down to suit carriages for either gauge, so that there was no excuse, nor could they say that they could not be /mom modated.—(Hear, rear.) The Oxford and Worcester Corn - pany then would say, "We do not object to your line from Birmingham coming to Dudley, but we do object to your i taking it on to Wolverhampton, when we have been to Par liament and are in possession of the ground on which we offer you accommodation.—(Applause.) He had, he hoped, shown the meeting that the line on the canal was not ne cessary from Dudley to Wolverhampton, and the public would have to pay for it. So far, then, dismissing the guarantee, he would say that if the project came before them, in a legitimate way, from Dudley to Birmingham, he for one, connected with the Oxford and Worcester Com pany, would not oppose it.—(Hear, hear.) There was another project afloat that would most materially affect Dud ley, and he thought, when he came to tell the meeting the bearings of that project, that the parties present would say that the gentlemen who, a short time ago, made a crusade into that district must have drawn largely upon the credulity of the parties they addressed. The project he alluded to was this—that at Smethwick a line should pass through Old bury to Stourbridge, Stourport, end other places in the Stour Valley district. The distance from Spon-lane to Stourbridge, through Dudley, was eight and a half miles, and by the line proposed by the Stour Valley it would be eight, so that they could not claim the sanction of Parlia ment on the ground of a saving of the distance. They would, instead of using the Oxford, Worcester, and Wol verhampton line, divert their line, and take a great deal of traffic from Dudley which ought to pass through it.— (Hear.) lie would say nothing of the propesed line cutting through their great feeder for traffic - the coal-fields of the district—but lie spoke on the eround that the scheme proposed would take the traffic from Dudley a distance of three or four miles. He thought he need not tell the meeting of the sort of district the proposed line would pass through, west of Stourbridge, and that at present it did not require a railway through it. True, it was a district filled with pleasant asso ciations, full of green fields and murmuring brooks, but it was very scant indeed of the necessary materials of traffic.— (A Voice—" There is not enough for one omnibus.") There ' were a few works in the neighbourhood of Dudley, which removed more goods along the line of railway than the Stour Valley district lie had referred to did altogether. If that district then went upon the ground of the goods they removed he might as well apply for a separate Act of Parliament because he moved the same number of tons in a week. The question of a branch from Smethwick to Stourbridge bad been mooted in the Committee of the House of Commons, and he ( Mr. Mathews) had been ap plied to because of his local knowledge. He told them that lie did not care who made that line, providing not us, but that if no one else would make it, and subse quent improvements in the neighbourhood rendered it necessary, we should be obliged by our Oxford, Worces ter, and Wolverhampton Act of Parliament to make it. Be would again refer to the gentlemen who hail been in Dudley in support of the Stour Valley line, and he would say that they must make great allowances for them, as they were using their energy to avoid suffering in their pockets, for he did not think that any other motive could have in duced them to come to Dudley to ask support for a project that would take away traffic from the town. He could assure the meeting that he, with many men of experience, was of opinion that no scheme was so likely to benefit the town of Dudley as the South Staffordshire line, and would therefore commend it to their consideration and support.—(Cheers.) G. B. THORNETCROFT, Esq., next addressed the meeting as one of the deputation from the South Staffordshire Junc tion line, and in doing so said he had the honour of ap • peering before them twelve months ago in connexion with the project then on head. The inhabitants told them , what their wants were, and he had the satisface 1 tion of saying that he and his colleagues had supplied those wants.--(Hear, hear.) He stated then emphati cally that if the inhabitants of Dudley world give them their unqualified support, they would obtain an Act of Parliatnent which would supply them with good railway accommodation. The inhabitants did give him their support, and the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton 1 Company obtained the Act.—(Loud cheers.) He and his colleagues had now come before them with another mes sage.—( Hear, hear.) He said to them, give us again your unqualified support, and we will give you the benefit of another good line.—(Applause.) The Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton line came before them twelve months ago, when t' eir wants were many, and no one to supply them ; but no sooner had they . made their appearance than other gentlemen tendered their services. And who were those gentlemen ? 'Were they gentlemen who solely and entirely consulted the wants of the inhabitants, or were they gentle men who wished to increase their own monopoly, and drive the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Company out of the field? After that came another company, and, in fact, they had many offers ; but the inhabitants well knew who really ware their friends, and they had nobly supported them. The Inhabitants of Dudley well knew that the promoters of the South Staffordshire Junction line were like those of the Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton line, identified with their interests. They had no objects in view not identical with the great commercial interests of that district. They came there untramelletl, and they were not pledged to any guarantees. The company which he represented were the first in the field. It was projected, advertised, and registered before the new line made its appearance, and they were en- titled to public support.—(Applause.) He, therefore, claimed their support, and boldly asked them would they give it? T. BALOER, Esq., moved the first resolution. In doing so, the speaker remarked Upon the great injury that Dudley had sustained by a want of direct railway communication with London and other places, and that Dudley had remained like a devoted town, so high in the clouds that nothing could reach it. Some twelve years ago an attempt was made to have a railway from Wolverhampton to Dudley. Unfor tunately that was not made, and nothing more was done tiil last year, when he (Mr. Badger) was called upon to support a line from Shrewsbury to Birmingham, which was to pass through Dudley. He wished here to be understood that he did not think a more honourable man existed than the gen tleman at the head of that line, the Hon. Mr. Clive ; but afterwards he (Mr. Badger) was told that Dudley must be left out. And who was it that caused that to l d e done but the London and Birmingham Compa n y ?—(ar, hear.) When he found that Dudley was to be left out, he (Mr. Badger) immediately withdrew his name from the list of supporters, finding that, though railways were passing through all other towns, they could not come to Dudley. After expressing hie opinion that the proposed South Stafford shire line would be of the greatest 'benefit to the town of Dudley, Mr. Badger concluded by moving the first resolution, which was seconded by Mr. Thomas Wood, and passed unanimously. After a few observations from Mr. W. FELLOWES, in sup port of the proposed South Staffordshire line, Jemes FISHER, Esq., proposed the second resolution, which was seconded by Mr. England, who contended that the people of Dudley were bound in common gratitude to support a measure emanating from the Oxford, Worcester, and 'Wol verhampton Company, who had already offered so much to the town of Dudley. Tile reeolation was then putt to the meeting, and carried unanimoan .. b ISAAC BADGER, Esq., ... - next resolution Was moved_ y Ns 'ew ;Av. b onded by Mr. DTEPRE • an it ti r w -d aB br— ' '''' for the northern division of eir ...uttEtt, formerly 31-r hdreset ; :he meeting in favour_ the fount) , of Stafford, t e n hihcbnlaie contended ban l'ee" shownloy ° til t the various benefit the interest he felt in Any es;elAlkligi: " r frlg stated that he came longer. , . 11 the present occasion on sewn. object which ten . del to benefit the county in which he had spent his life. They must recollect t hat the S ou th Staffordshire line was supported by the Grand Junc tion and Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton Com eanies, while the other was supported by the London and Birmingham, together with "the Railway King," and the Midland Company ; and, looking at the various allies, he thought they could not do better than unite themselves with the South Staffordshire Junction. The Hon. Gentleman re sumed his seat amidst loud applause. A vote of thanks was then unanimously carried conveying the thanks of the meeting to the Chairman, Vice-Chairman, and the Provisional Committee of the South Staffordshire Junction. C. S. FOSTER, Esq., Chairman, and Mr. CHAWNER, Deputy- Chairman of the Committee, acknowledged the compliment. A vote of thanks to the deputation of the South Stafford shire Company who had attended that meeting was then Carried unanimously. Capt. Dyorr returned thanks in a very excellent speech, in which he compared the merits of the rival companies, and said if there was any point upon which information was required, . he: shoug b 9 hippy to afford- it.. .. the carried. cf ex celvriutiondarup GREAT CANAL CONFEDERATION.—OR Thursday a rm-eting of the proprietors of the Ellesmere and Chester Canal, who have formed a confederacy with the Birmingham and l.ivir pool, the Shrewsbury and Mentgomeryshirc, and other c eel interests in the orth, f r the conversion of their canal p s sessions into railways, in conjunct len with the pr , moters et the Worcester, Shrewsbury,and Crewe, and Shrewsburyand Tre. t Valley union lines, so as to furnish a compkte system of rail-. ways to the district west of the Grand Junction, between ('I: c , ! er n the north and Worcester on the south, met at Ches. cr on T , lirsday, when the proprietors confirmed the arrangye,en:s ma , le by the Committee for carrying out the proposed co ver sions of the several water-ways into railways, by means of a Comp& ny to be called the Shropshire Union and Canal. The Earl of Powis heads the movement, and surveys kayo already been made by the Company's engineers, A, r. Cubitt arril Mr. Robert Stephenson, for five miles, namely : J. From the proposed Birmingham, Wolverhampton, raid Stour Valley, at Wolverhampton, by Autherley, Brew od, Gnos3P, Norburv, Market Drayton, Audlem, and Nall,- - wieb, to the Chester and Irolyhead and Chester awl llirkenhead lines at Chester. 2. Prom the M nchester end Birmingham at Crewe, by Nantwich, Wrenburv, Whitelitireh, Ellequere, Oswestry, and Wcichpoo', to Newtown. 3. V ona ` , e Trent Valley at Stafford, by Gno.all, Newport, and Wel t, 'on, to Shrewsbury. 4. From the main line near Were link - vsbury. 5. From the Birmingham and Glouce.t to Dhrt. v the Avon, pa ss i ng the Severn at Worce.::; in the vat, - through B ew dl ey and Brikeno ‘ rdi over the and prOtetain, •'nert to Wellington. A general conversion Severnt bete Co , - entire canal interest of the kingdom is into RallWills' &11b0 remain unmetamorphosed must inevitable. Tl'keo. a that a canal, in time, will be as speedily become batAfffiliti , twilete stage coach. gr ß e.a i t e t c l u o r N i D os Ari ity p as w th E C sT r4 . 74 notice required li Vs .44. i t, crs R of ic l h an m d on oi d i ne w 34 Act of Parliament to be given klo_ lines having expired, with reterTia 63' , `he works West-end, and there being but slight dt:tokion to. corn. being proceeded with, 1,000 labourers have tV , 11 ., hired , Al nui th i s ,y t ft n om e wr Directors and iw Wandsworth e t o a n u n c u b n m .l, will mee be o ce pe n r it t l i e o t n e s d . the same time, half of the , men are to . be emplo) between Richmond next. In order odo this, both ends will be commen,. at Richmond and Put.nev, f ah em the latter place and Wandswortl, a m i ter i e *' t estern. The most difficult fi rt e l lt i l n e cie w r il b l e j t o 7 in t por ti A . o r the work .1 • 'sr Wandsworth, where it will have to crt.ss. an immense oar, .l, t bed, full of deep ditches, and very swampri and said the workmen will have to dig a depth of Vatairds-ef feet before they obtain a suitable foundation; and !iv some places a great quantity of bricks will have to be sunk, ic mil_3r to make the foundation solid. The surveyors of Mr. Lock's line, the Salisbury and Yeovil Junction, are engaged In the necessary examinations. A meeting of the engineers, solicitors, and others connected with the lines to Yeovil was held on Saturday last. The Directors of the Northumberland Atmospheric line promoted by Lord llowick in last session, have announced that they are prepared to return 2/. 3s. 4d. per share to the shareholders, having deducted 16s. Bd. for Parliamentary expenses. KENDAL AND WINDERMERE.—A survey has been made of the projected deviation. It is now supposed that the junction between this line and the Lancaster and Carlisle will pass through Kendal, and afford that town the benefit of a station. The works on the Tynemouth Extension have been cow. menced. It is stated that the Welsh Midland have brought up, or are about to do so, the Brecknock and Abergavenny Canal. The works on the Furness Railway, equally with those on the South Devon, have suffered much from the r(ceut storms. YORK AND NORTH MIDLAND.—This company prop a the followirg extensions in next session:-1. A new lino from York to Leeds, aid Tadcaster, adopting a portion of the existing lineS of the,York and North Midland and the Leeds and Selby Railways, and connecting the latter line with the North Midland and other stations at Leeds. 2. A line from York to Pocklington, Market Weigh on, Beverley, Driffield, and Hull, with a branch to Selby, and extension lines to Horses and Patrington. 3. A line frodf the Whitby and Pickering, commencing near the Tunnel Inn to Lealholm Bridge, Stokelev, and Yarm. Other minor ex tensions are, we understand, in contemplation. WHITBY AND PICKERING —Workmen arc now engaged in driving piles for the widening of the railway bridges in this town, preparatory to the laying down another line of rails on the Pickering branch of the York and Scarborough. THIRSK AND MALTON.—Mr. Hudson has given three tions for the survey of a line from the Great North of Eng land at Thirak to Melton, with branches to Helmsley And Kirbymoorside, being intended to apply to Parliamnit for power to construct a line through that large agricultural district. The Midland Company have, it is said, made arrange ments for laying down the narrow gauge betwecn Glonc.•a ter and Bristol, so as to produce uniformity in the northern DIRECT NORTHERN COUNTIES OF SCOTLAND RAILWAY A line under this title has been proposed, between Inverwss and Wick, to complete the line of railway communication from Land's-end to John o'Groat's. It is to proceed from In verness by Bennlv, Dingwall, and Novar, through the coon ties of Ross, Sutherland, and Caithness, containing many im portant pastoral districts. It has already, we are inform«l, received the report of a great many landowners and others along the line, and the plans and surveys are to be imme diately executed. From the main line there will be bransiies to Tido, Thurso, and other towns in the north. TELEGRAPHIC PROGRESSION.—The electric telegraph id rapidly advancing over the country. It is already establislea or in the course of formation, to an extent exceeding 504 miles. upon the South-Eastern, South- Western, Great Western . , London and Birmingham, London and Croydon, London and Blackwall, Liverpool and Manchester, Grand Junction, South Devon, Yarmouth and Norwich, Maidstone and Tunbridge, Northampton and Peterborough, North Midland, Sheffield and Manchester. Preston and Wyre, Leeds and Manche.ter, Edinburgh and Glasgow ; and Che ter and Holyhead. The surveyors f.r the Great Western Railway Company have been engaged in the neighbourhood of bolgelly for the last fortnight, in levelling and surveying for the line from Worcester to Porthdynllaen. It is generally believed that 'Wales does not present so many natural difficulties as was at first supposed. Turi) CLAss.— On Friday last the Manchester and Bir mingham Company commenced lighting up their third-class carriages, leaving other companies to follow their example. LONDON AND BIRMINGHAM, AND MANCHESTER ANT) IHR MINGITAM.—The terms between these companies were, it is said, Fettled last week. The terms are an amalgama tion of the latter with the former in perpetuity, at eight per cent. for the first year, nine for the second, and ten for the time to come after. Of the new stock to be created on , - third is to be given to the Manchester and Birmingham proprietors alone. A new line from Macclesfield to Lich field is to be made by the two c,mpsnies jointly, and whoa completed, the Manchester and Birmingham proprietors to come in rateably for that and all new stock afterwards to be created by the Tring Railway. Since then it has transpired that it is a simple amalgamation at eight for the first ycar, nine for the second, and London and Birmingham dividnd afterwards. The Manchester and Birmingham debentures are to be funded and reckoned as capital stock as they fall due. The next Manchester and Birmingham dividend rests on its own basis. The amalgamation comes into operaffiu when ratified by Parliament. MANCHESTER AND LEEDS AND MIDLAND.--We are in formed of a private meeting having taken place between Mr. Hudson and the stirring spirits in the Manchester and Leeds Company, on Thursday last, with the view of an amicable arrangement of all differences. We are not aware that the !emit was anywise final of an agreement, but we trust that it is an earnest of so desirable a termination to a fl'eling of profitless rivalry that has long subsisted between the powerful Midland and Manchester and Leeds.—lierapath. THE NEW LINES. Conntnictive operations on nearly all the new lines granted last session have been commenced, and will be in frill operation before the close of the year, affording to the working population of the kingdom permanent supplies of winter work. The East Lancashire, comprehending an im portant group of lines in the north, is about to commence its works. extending from Colne to a junction with the Leeds and Bradford. The works in Connexion with the South-Eastern line at Canterbury, Ramsgate, and Margate, and those on the line. from Brighton to Lewes and Hastings, are in active progress. The South Devon works are dra win g to a close; and during the last fortnight the masonry com posing the sea-wall has had to undergo the severe test of a tremendous storm from the south-west. The extension lines in connexion with the Midlands are proceeding, and the branches in connexion with the Binning-11am are being laid out. The whistle of the locomotive will soon be heard echoing over the lakes, whose population are now employed on the Kendal and Windermere and Lancaster and Carli , le. The Richmond branch of the Great North of England will be commenced at the dose of the month. The construction of eight miles of the Edinburgh and Northern is to be iri the hands of the contractors by October. Five miles of the permanent way and works of the Exeter and Crediton will be in hand probably before the termination of October, to gether with 1,000 tons instalment of the necessary iron rails. Engineers and navigators have made their appear ance in seven or eight miles of the Manchester Southlunc tion and Altrincham, on which there is to be a viaduct of 1,000 yards. The Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester, com mence operations with a continuous contract of 22 miles, embracing a viaduct over Churwell Valley ; and the New castle and Berwick, one of Hudson's lines, proposing to complete the international chain of railways between Eng land. and Scotland, in conjunction with the North riti,,l:i takes a first stupendous step in itsconstruction rurmpoilsees whole fro E legions th erton of to l. a b T o w u e re e r d s m . o u T t , e retainingivan atll:de a including, en route, a miles to Ashton and Maeclesfiet 'nd Ballymena, Cork and Birmingham begin their tributary branches of four or five tunnel of 330 yards. The Belfast ip employment for a large sectio3 el rations, and will 9Pen I A large portion of the hired labour 4 Bandon, Dundalk and Enniskillen, have also commenced 9^de -1:137 the South 6 line f ro m the Great Western to Fishguard and R w ill be called into requisition Wale the Irish populatin. Pembroke, 182 miles; by the North Wales, from Porthdynn- Mien to Bangor , 28 miles ; by the Aberdare line, near the Taff t a le, 8 miles; by the North Wales Mineral, to m i les; and by . the Monmouth and Hereford, 36 miles; by which collectively between three and four million sterling will be expended in the district. The Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth, one of the great arteries for travel through the West of England, 129 miles in length, branching oft front the Great Wrztern, with its termini at Salisbury and Weymouth, will place upwards of one million and a half at the disposal of the labour market of that district, to which the Berks and Hants, also a Great Western offshoot of 40 miles, will add 400,0001. more. The East Anglian line, including the Eastern Counties exten sion* to Cambridge, Huntingdon, and Ely, 40 miles; the Eastern Union and Bury, 26; the Ely and Huntingdon. 22; the Lowestoft, 11%; Lynn and Denham, 26 ; Lynn and Ely, 37 ; will contribute their quota to the total oullay. of upwards of two millions, and 162 miles of new locomotion for those districts. The Great Grimsby . and Sher field have commenced expending, between Gainsboronwh and Great Grimsby, 69 miles, 600,000/., and the Mid. derslield and Manchester, 22 miles, and Huddersfield and Sheffield, 15 miles, between their termini, 1,162,0001., the outlay of the former being 630,0001., and of the latter 532,0001. Leeds is to have laid out on it and the dim, tricts adjacent between two and three millions sterling, by th e construction of the Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester . Leeds an d Thi rs k 20 miles ; Leeds and B radford, 31 ; 44—giving a total new route by railway to that district of nearly 100 miles. Liverpool is to be overlaid with a com plete lattice work of new lines, preparations for which havr been commenced on the Liverpool and Bury, with exr ions to Bolton, Wigan, and elsewhere, •a length of 40 miles. lan outlay o nearly two millions, Upwards of tlurty ...;: ,c_.-e..--L.--=-yl , ' ~ ~-~~~ 2 /~~ S GR cTIS. ~,~ •~ . .~~.M,:. ~~ L ';;~ ~ ~~ :~ ~~~GGG{{{~ , j :r1 n" I