The Sun. — London, England, 1845-12-08 00:00:00

V.) bf t bl° .• N i t Cl' C e ,.4` i n tui ti° b° al a st , are '''. 09 , itn" eat ~t 1 he iot y ce no t arcclici p ion efl" ;the 0 t 0 not; P( 3 0 4 0 give 105 . iilll . 0 1 0111,0 I f tO 4 0 1 0 Ira o It" , t •Apil if‘) 0 4 ; r e R 1 0 ,0 &pig° IRELAND. HARBOURS OF REFUGE. Som e (Fiern -he - hetes.) attention has been excited, not only in Fraike t. ,;‘,i_O our own country, by a paper recently read before u French Institute on the report of the British Com tuisSiOng rS appointed to consider the formation of Iler etiehnit,.tterrtsoiew:r2ltdifueupgte on the South-eastern Coast. We frankly that f we wish the picture drawn by M. the unremitting activity of the eatol'sa Government in the promotion of this great lett ; nal object, was more correct than it is ; but the er _.eed gentleman has, we are sorry to say, mistaken c e o r . ts for facts, and the opinions of a board of special G o Zlssioner e for the resolutions of her Majesty's of th'ineeent. This report was presented to the Lords Et Treasury on the 7th of August, 1844. The sub kle.:ll_4(l already been fully considered by a former m co e, which arr i ve d at s i m il ar conclusions in 1840. th e B . en, the q uest i on h as b een f u ll y i nvest i ga t e d with en t iception of a doubt as to the movement of shingle s ew e Coast at D over . Y et i n th e c o u rse of the last th e i s c r )ll of Parli ament, e i t h an overflowing revenue in Pri ! 4s urY, the Government took no steps , for appro , nip the necessary f un d s t o any one of these great w as e work s , except a small vote f or H arw i c h, w h ic h absol utely necessary to preserve that port from de ele„.„ • We deserve, therefore, to be blamed for our . Mien Lsa negs, rather than applauded for an excessive %I A' Providing for our national defences ; and we can Ge;,',," ° Pe that M. Dupin's observations will remind the ap u - 7, 41 ,ent that the eyes of other nations are fixed wo e f ttlikisab lisnlaanind.atter so intimately affecting the security It is desirable, however, that these sea i t should not be misconstrued by the rest of Europe ; er r% ° tendency of M. Dupin's paper is to give a very ass er : i °4B impression of the relative importance of!he the ~„" Purposes which we have in view in recommending the hieedY adoption of the Commissioners' report. At rs ea irneh Institute these harbours are described and (l „eat% e i ci r , a ° so many " centres of aggression, capable of snap 4 g five naval armies," at all times ready to kie ee te i l ° u the French coast in less than seven hours, l ervelf s l n an hour and a half. But it is needless to a ltar, (r at the actual investigations of the Commissioners by t it eeted to very different objects, and governed th at ?tally opp ositeconsiderations ; for it is obvious pmt t he prepar a ti on of naval armaments for the ti l% _ of attack the only important positions must be 86 e e 111 Which secure ports are combined with exten 4elph,-enals, and that Portsmouth and Devonport are th e e . , safficient for these purposes. Probably M. Dupin com p; that he di s pl aye d hi s p ene tration by treating as those 4ratively unworthy of notice the primary object of the it . 11460 Urs • for he barely condescended to inform leee a li rl ied body he was addressing that they are es kieutt Y needed as harbours of refuge. The Treasury erlhieete which appointed this commission and defined the "" which its attention was to be directed of Pointed out, in the first place, the formation of hasi p i refuge for the safety and convenience of vessels c entil l 'e the British Channel; and recommended, se °yelp that these should be calculated to become, in the at 13 f hostilities, the stations for ships of war. Without obj,,:lnderrating the importance of the second of these ii"s,lltider peculiar circumstances, such as the threat fri4 11 „ illusion, or the great efforts of naval ware iCe English people will not be apt to lose sight Tes ts e first and most constant service which such 4 4 e : 7°111 d render to the shipping of the country, and tlens• harbours of' refuge that they most imperatively ' 1 14% 4 share of the public money. Between Ports .l4ld the Th ames there are none b ut t id a l h ar b ours rs llsa t V'le coast, and none at all accessible to large kllieehe.lt3; and wh en we cons id er t h e i mmense a mount of Z cl ta I L l)Pin g from our own northern ports alone and 'ilie p , --° 2don which passes the straits of Dover in ise th e down Channel, it is inconceivable that the IPi ,ellle;: ilst ern coast should so long have remained 'Ak e " a Place of secure shelter for so great a tatek.,_. The roadstead at Dungeness, which is re bittuZle for its good holding ground, is the best the 6" shelter of the kind, and there the majority of fere °liluissioners propose no artificial works. At Sea tSllt illl- recommend a breakwater one mile in ex area se ven fathoms water, which would shelter an ,Leh "f 30 0 acres; but it is preposterous to compare `,250` , 250,•„" work as this, for which the estimate is ,• "f„ with the colossal structure at Cherbourg, test s :as, been going on for half a century, and has lortl e t t 'Y ten times that sum. The work proposed at m e and would have more of a military, and less of a Pee titlile character, from its position on the coast, and th ; _e natural advantages for defence of that spot; 'see": undertaking stands last in the order of those :Itre44 tta,issioners have recommended. In . the event of nal these points would doubtless contribute to the t t h t ay e Prote . ction of the towns upon . the coast, and nste,,,, ',Peden) , important as forming part of a system Zast o "Ili defence. But to a country whose fleets are thrvilled a nd expected always to keep the sea, and to e toe their own communications with every part of 'aet i's"'°t, without fear of the enemy, it does not appear e o , 33l !'_,ltitude of minor fortified harbours would bring belie d " 'ner abllin tt crea h s a e of .aggressive power. Nor do b y v Nhtne s everbeen riewed in that light . ablest offic a ers er who have considered it. Thirty L ti l ) erio, l4 ce, preceded by ten years of undisputed naval bet t i l tY duri ng t h e l ast war, h ave engen d ere d i n this 11(lt e unlY au excessive confidence in our own re „telly -1 'w ithout much knowledge of what they now 4 C 4 ro e' e nsis t of, but also an unwise contempt of the li our rival s an d t h e c h ances o f f or tune. Since e 1.% e t tl cled on the shes of Britain we believe that so CmeL tetiti cn has never been paid to the military force t (s°liri trY at home as from 1815 to the present rCrumble Whole ancient system of defence %d away, and, as we are called upon to re etnti, We have the benefit of all the improvements t q 4 etrkg` e l'n Science can suggest, by steam, magnetic e- eat -31 ' and the prodigious amelioration of projectiles. i'eftlt,:xertions have of late been made to repair this ;Pe c si' s B °. All the other nations of Europe have been e,'ttte i l t he last quarter of a century under the burden -.ll g armies and military works, scarcely inferior hate We re required at no very distant period by a s t i l l : The public money of England has been a la satedto in this wise ; but we have allowed our- Oile re ly On our ocean barriers to a degree which . Cle lli° unt to excessive hardihood if we persisted in tsi lt o it t. t h i l .. e other ha . nd, the effort which may be required "u country in an ordinary state of defence, to l i Nk s k r jh e e v en the framework of our local force . s, and to k e PPily . n 1 to the improved system of locomotion which s' x 'sta in the country, will no doubt excite some 4e ttt t. , lll4 3 l : l ' , V 0 2casion some misapprehension amongst our It is perfectly true . that when . a . large army „,ue engaged in active operations in India, and ati i ; i , equate detachment is required to protect the e gi.:,„, io °' tish North America from the chance . of tate a Bra time of hostile excitement in the United g , fly Co nsiderable ee „. addition to the . army may be ur- Z ,tutred. On the North American lakes it may p a st uf W ise to have in preparation at least the mate ' e sufficient armament, for the lesson of 1812 latlietiretu be lost in that quarter. At home the le - .em u • of the screw-propeller to a considerable t ti !vitt ed ef lineelif-battle ships will, ere long, have 11. 4 113 with efficient floating batteries, able to ts, -N ee n e P t heir own positions under any circum ct ih: t ltid on any part of the coast. And we w i ll not many weeks of the approaching c)f t ft tll ' tak ers ,be allowed to . pass without decided steps tr, e for the execution of some portion . a c t h le h a a s s t t i ,;4l f or ',?enie for the harbours of refuge tl t :tt 0 „'n these remarks. At the same tim w e, we can %ti "a'nestly repeat that these are all precautions of tocele Which this country cannot postpone without a n eglect of its first, interests, but which have no aa % o= , Whatever with any hostile or aggressive de iiten set n st our neighbours in any part of the world. It h. en these raeasures are comp . leted, we shall still " 41; 4 ' L'oe smaller force on foot—that is, a smaller number . fite, 4 tia r ea dy„ for active service by land and sea in pro tts; ',the; the wealth and extent of this empire, than tt; 4 s tate in Europe. No part of the military or 1 , tee establishment of England is large except her ti t lifer e ' d a p it is a wise and dignified policy to be well p a ,... i c'r an emergency rather than to make a ma te' der y aci d of strength. But the harbours of refuge %s e lef t :7; which require the labour of years, cannot Ile;'eeet;l e " ; and they will be fortunately even more in 'e to our merchantmen in peace than to our war. 4 4 ll !it h COURT CIRCULAR. y e te ° l :krt Peel arrived at Osborne House on Satur 1100e on a visit to the Queen. NV clue 0 o r , en and Prince . Albert took their usual early unds o Queen morning in the pleasure .4,4l:l"s•• Y Her Majesty and her Royal Consort k it it & 'it te ci r - Ze in an open carriage in the afternoon. th, I 4Y morning her Majesty and Prince Albert, vi tle 4 -41411 e 3 and Gentlemen of the Court, attended eirerviee in Whippingham Church. 111 Yal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and b t ‘ C kc ,, --e eBs Alice' were taken an airing on Friday LA, 4. Their Royal Highnesses were taken on the ' 4 ll 1 3 1, Saturd a Yesterday the royal children were 44, I rir usual Y ex * ereise. bawl:°bert Peel remains at Osborne House. • ti b k so lt n irin S a iiNDAv hrs Prince Alfred was taken a His Royal pony yesterday. p%Th l Th a wa% take n a carriage drive in the afternoon. a eh n ' t iO n : e d —c Triing the n Hon. and . Rev. C. Leslie CourtFn y Vtl ' ll Performing Divine service in the private the Castle. I`l l , tillpt-itlytl,ife_residceofher. of Cambridge left Witley Court, Worces hi 41 1 sai.2T Leicester. RoyalHis Ma.est Highness left Lewes heueen Dowager kes-' urg ay, for town. Yesterday morning his Royal nttis 4ttended Divine service in Grosvenor Chapel, k tte Audle 4_114, Y-street. In the afternoon the Royal Duke " 10 service in the chapel of the Foundling i'aLo r t ,7ubert Peel left town on Saturday morning fo S Y. r ' l ouse, Isl e o f Wi g h t , on a v i s it t o her Ma r ri , 'tlsZ"'lrles Fitz C.B , had an interview with Lord -41,.011Saturdarn,y, at the Colonial-office. 11434 ' 1 —4(eellen cY Y the Brazilian Minister transacted QpB at the Forei n-office on Saturday. "14141,471 Maclaehlagn had an interview with the Earl of bi °43 `e on Sat w _ ur ay. Sq "aaes from the Governor of the Mauritius, and _ t qiim ` - ' lll the Governor of West Australia, were r Theizsterday at the Colonial-office. br. Stewart (from Jamaica) and Mr. Munroe .."" on Saturday with Lord Stanley, at the r ay s h Q Chapel Royal, St. James's, yesterday morning, s 3, „ th e re read b y t h e Rev. Dr. Dakins, the lesson 41 tr• Dr. 'Vivian, and th e commun i on servi ce by i'litivo.wi'l.ll3)rt was inSklse.athT. he T a h h e t s h e e r m m . on was preached by the " I was in the spirit sung by M. Hkins Hobbs. andgars 441:10ept:l Pitimerst3n and Lord Ebrington were the nobility present. Pr'. 1 - ..i.71 - r ,, innt and mazistrates of to publisticd their memorial to Government, praying for the application of coercion as a means of putting down " the in surrectionary spirit" which pervades that county. In reply to the memorial, the following answer from his Excellency the Lord Lieutenant was received yesterday : "Dublin Castle, Dec. 3, 1845. "My Lord,—l have the honour to acknowledge the receipt of vour Lordship's letter of the 26th ult., forwarding an address to the Lord Lieutenant, from the Lieutenant and forty seven magistrates of the county of Westmeath, and beg to inform your Lordship that your letter and accompanying address have been laid before his Excellency. "The Lord Lieutenant has heard with much regret of the late atrocious attack on Sir F. Hopkins, and of the increase of outrage in the county of Westmeath, and that your Lord ship and the magistrates are of opinion that the measures taken by the Government for the suppression of agrarian outrage are inadequate for the protection of life : his Excel lency will give every aid and support that the law affords to the exertions of the magistrates to preserve the peace, pro tect the well-disposed, and make amenable to justice those persons who have engaged in crime, and outrage the laws of their country; and will bring under the notice of her Majesty's Government your address, representing the in sufficiency of the existing laws for the preservation of life and property. " The acting Crown-Solicitor of the circuit has been sent to Mullingar, to inquire into the several cases at present for trial in the county gaol, and the probability of convictions in them, in order that he may make such reports upon them as may ;enable his Excellency to decide whether it be advise able that a Special Commission he issued for the trial of these prisoners at present in gaol, as suggested by the ma gistrates. I have the honour to be, my Lord, your Lord ship's most obedient servant, " RICHARD PENNEFATHER. " The Marquis of Westmeath, &c. &c. Lieutenant, county of Westmeath." REPRESENTATION OF ANTRIM. The Antrim election, which was fixed for Thursday at Carrickfergus, has not " come off." At twelve o'clock , the hour specified for holding the election, the,reporters from the press were in attendance at the County Court-house, but neither sheriff, candidate, proposer, seconder, or elector were to be seen. SHIPWRECK. We regret to find that as the Lara, of Dunifries;laden with coal for this port, was between seven and eight o'clock, on Saturday evening, during a strong gale, making the harbour, she kept too close to Mutton Island, where the lighthouse is erected, and was driven high and dry upon land—where she still continues, it is feared, with every chance of her being greatly damaged, if not totally wrecked. We hear that no pilot was taken on board to direct her course to the roads, else this casualty could not have occurred. The principal portion of the sails and running rigging have been landed under the superintendence of Messrs. Evans and Sons.— Galway Vindicator. IMPORTANT COLLEGE VISITATION. On Thursday next the theatre cf our University will be enlivened by a novel and interesting scene—viz., the archi episcopal visitation to decide on the claim of Mr. Heron to a scholarship of the house. It will be recollected that the Court of Queen's Bench, last Trinity Term, after solemn argument, allowed a mandamus to issue, calling on their Graces the Lord Primate and the Archbishop of Dublin to entertain the question of a Roman Catholic's eligibility to the scholarship. Accordingly the visitors are now constrained to exercise a function for which they had before seen no occasion, and their decision is looked for with anxious interest. Mr. Pigot, Q.C., will open the appellant's'case against the decision of the Board, and will be fellov, - ed by Mr. O'Hagan, Mr. M'Donnell, and Mr. Flanagan. Messrs. Moore, Q.C., and Dr. Longfield, Q.C., are to reply for the Board against the appellant's admission, and will be supported by Dr. Butt, Q.C., and Mr. M'Duall, the reply being left to Mr. O'Hagan. The visitors are to sit at ten o'clock, and have requested the assistance of the Master of the Rolls (as their assessor) ; whose long and distinguished connexion with the Univer. sity peculiarly qualify him for the office. The burden of proof lies on the appellant's counsel, owing:as well to his re jection by the Board as to the adverse decisions of the noble visitors before the mandamus issued against them. The last time a similar session of visitors took place was during the provostship of Dr. Hutchinson, so graphically re corded by Dr. Duigenam. Preparations are making for quite as interesting an exhibition, and a crowded Court is likely to be the consequence.—Evenine Packet. THE AGRARIAN SYSTEM. The farm held by the late murdered Sheppards remains since the fell deed was committed a wild common for the cattle of the surrounding district, their surviving brother being afraid to occupy it, though offered at the nominal rent of one shilling per annum by the landlord, the Rev. Ralph Coote, for the whole farm-house, &c. (nearly thirty acres of prime land). Nor would a stranger look at it, where he to get it on the same condition. The only revenue the farm now pays is the taxes, which are clubbed by the tres passers. The Evening Mail says :—" Since we addressed our readers last, John French, Esq., son of the Dean of Elphin, and nephew to Lord De Freyne, was fired at, at his own gate, at Cloonquin, in the county of Roscommon. Mr. French was not engaged in a quarrel of any sort with the people ; his alleged crime, we understand, was, that he had spoken dis respectfully of the Molly Maguires. The following letter shows that the insurrection is active in another part of the country : " Moneygall, Dec. 4. " ' I am very sorry so soon again to have to furnish you with the report of another outrage, much more offensive than the pulling down a part of a caretaker's house, an account of which so lately appeared in your journal. " ' On Tuesday night, the 2d inst., a notice was posted on the hall-door of Bushertown Castle, the residence of Mr. Minchin, threatening him with immediate death if he did not forthwith quite change his system of managing his property. " That system has been to give constant employment to fifty persons during the scarcity and dearness of the summer months, and to pay them weekly in cash—to divide amongst them (at this season) sixteen acres of potato ground, for one of which he has not yet been paid, and for several of which it is most probable be never will—to give amongst them every Christmas a good fat cow gratis, as Mr. Minchin has done since he came into possession of the property—to be a principal subscriber to a Dorcas Dispensary Institut►on for their relief and benefit—and, besides, to be ever ready to attend and supply the little wants of the neighbouring poor who came to ask it.' " MURDER OF PATRICK CLARKE, ESQ.—We understand that six persons have been arrested and lodged in Nenagh gaol, charged with being concerned in the above barbarous murder; and one of them, named Hill, is son to a caretaker that was in Mr. Clarke's employment ; another is the noted Hogan, who was charged with being implicated in the Finnoe tragedy.—King's County Chronicle. ATTACKING DWELLLNGS BY NIGHT BY ARMED MEN.—The dwelling of a man named Martin Hassett, situate in a moun tain district near Birdhill, was forcibly entered by four armed men, who beat Hassett, his son, and daughter severely, and commanded him to settle quietly and fairly with a tenant of his, with whom he had a dispute. A party of three men armed, in the same neighbourhood, broke into a house belonging to one Kennedy, and beat him severely. In the district of Lateragh, fertile in the production of out rages and murders, the house of a man named Daniel Hogan, was attacked by a party of ten men, armed with pistols and bludgeons, who beat him in a savage manner, broke all his furniture, and struck his daughter a violent blow on the head. Hogan had been employed as a bailiff, which is the only reason that can be given for such an attack upon him. The noise of horsemen on the road made the fellows fly in every direction, but before they decamped they burned a quantity of flax which lay upon the floor. In our last number -we noticed the robbery of several farmers' houses of large sums of money, by an armed party of ten or twelve men, with their faces blackened. A party similar in number has been seen in the same neighbourhood a couple of nights afterwards, who went to the house of a widow, they calculated upon having money—but who had, fortunately, laid it out in the morning in the purchase of pigs. On finding this to be the case the fellows went away —Nenagh Guardian. DARING OUTRAGE. On Sunday morning last, at eight o'clock, a party of six or eight men, some of whom were armed, attacked the house of Charles lleadivan, of Painstown, in the barony of Rathconrath. Four of them entered the house, and de manded Headivan's gun, which he stoutly refused, and in defence snapped it at the party, but it missed fire ; they wr enched the gun from him, and gave both him and his wife a severe beating. There are three severe cuts in Headi van's head, and he lies dangerously ill ; the wife has also two cuts and a fractured scull. Before leaving the house the party set fire to a parcel of flax, for the purpose, as they stated, of burning the house. It was, fortunately, quenched, before much damage was done. The police of Rathconrath heard of the outrage at ten o'clock, and Constable Palmer and his party lost no time in scouring the country and apprehend ing three persons, two of whom were fully identified by both Headivan and his wife as being of the party, and they are fully committed for trial.— Westmeath Guardian. Sir Francis Hopkins is nearly convalescent. The second of the assassins has not yet been apprehended; Keens, the person in custody last week, on further examination on Sa turday, was liberated.—Thid - - DRURY-LANE.--The more we see of Mademoiselle Flora Fabbri, the more we are convinced of her being one of, and almost the first of, the eminent dancers who have visited this country. That this opinion is partaken of by the public at large two facts will testify—one of which is, that the ap plause attendant on her performance is beyond all precedent ; and the other is, that the theatre is crammed every night she makes her appearance. The success of Mr. Wallace's opera of Maritana increases with every performance. FALL OF HOUSES IN THE WANDSWORTH - ROAD. — On Saturday afternoon, at one o'clock an inquest was held upon the body of Oliver Corrall, aged 19 years, the brick layer who was killed by the falling in of the houses in the Wandsworth-road. Evidence was given by the policeman, Thomas Emerson, and John Kelly, a labourer, working upon the buildings. Mr. Stevens, a carpenter, stated his opinion that the accident was solely attributable to the removal of the ground between the wall and the centre. The concrete which had been put at the foundation about twelve months since was very inferior, and had never set or become sound. The Coroner summed up, and the jury, after twenty minutes' consultation, returned the following special verdict :—" That the deceased met his death accidentally ; but the jury could not separate without expressing their opinion that a want of judgment was displayed in removing the earth round the foundation of the buildings." ALLEGED NEGLECT AT THE MANCHESTER LYING IN HOSPITAL.—The adjourned inquest in this case was held on Friday, and, after hearing additional evidence, the jury unanimously agreed to a verdict of " Misadventure " and con sequently Mr. Runcorn and Mr. Whitehead (both of whom were present) would be acquitted. At the same time they could net but express their opinion, that to have such a person as Mr. Cobain in the situation which he filled was highly improper, and that there ought to be person thoroughly acquainted with all the properties of the different in svedients to compound the medicine. They also recom mead to the institution, through Mr. Hunt, one of the sur e-eons, that a day-book, or name-book, should be kept in the rtospital, in which should be entered the name of every per son who received medicine from the surgery, these names having a reference to a general index of the residence. of the patients, in order that if any mistake should occur, it might be instantly rectified. The jury further receenmended that, in such an institution, and especially with reference to such strong and dangerous remedies, no contractions should be used, but that the words should be written at full length. TRIBUTE TO THE MEMORY OF THE LATE SID NEY BEKNAII.D.—The Admiralty, to mark their sense of the services this gentleman so nobly and self-devotedly rendered to suffering humanity on board the fever-stricken Eclair, took the first opportunity, after the report of Mr. Bernard of the state of the vessel, to promote him to the rank of sur geon ; but, alas ; these honours were lost on the " dull cold ear of death," for this gallant officer was numbered with the last victims. Anxious to pay some tribute to such departed worth, the Admiralty, in the only way they had to confer it, have promoted to the rank of surgeon Mr. Robert Bernard, I assistant-surgeon of the Pique, 36, in the West Indies, a brother of the deceased.—liiimpiltire Telegrapk, THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, DECEMBER 8, 1845. FREE TRADE MEETING. A great free trade meeting was held on Friday court-read, coaiposed of the friends of free trade and the enemies of monopoly. The spacious hall was fillA in all parts, from the floor to the lofty roof, and the greatest enthusiasm pervaded the proceedings through out. General Briggs took the chair. The Gallant GENERAL opened the business of the meet ing by directing attention to the state of the markets, the potato crops, the public meetings being held against the corn-laws throughout the kingdom, the enormously increased price of the people's bread (estimated lity the League at twenty millions a year, or four hundred thou sand pounds a week over the price of last year), and proceeded to observe that Sir Robert Peel had, in the last session of Parliament, told the country that " the corn-laws would necessarily require some modification, but it should be done gradually and cautiously." Sir James Graham, the Gallant Ganeral continued, insisted on "the urgent necessity and duty of providing enlarged supplies of food for a growing population, and of giving a free and uninterrupted current to the flow of national industry ;" and in the same speech that Minister says, that •t an abundant supply cf food is, after all, the matter of primary legislative importance." And the Times of the day before had told them that the " Mtnisters had r:solved to assemble Parliament early in January, and to propose the total and unconditional repeal of the corn and provision laws."—(Hear, and loud cheers.) The Gallant General, in allusion to this statement, read ano ther extract from the Times, in allusion to its authority being questioned by two other journals, purporting to be official, viz. : "The surprise excited by the announcement in the Times of yesterday, on the subject of the corn-laws, has been no where so intensely felt as in the offices of the twin journals,' which have been for some time under the delusion that they are the organs of the Government. It has been the monomania of these two melancholy prints to imagine that they possessed the confidence of the Treasury, and they have been babbling about the corn-laws to the very last, under the erroneous impression that they would be the first to be apprised of any important resolution of the Cabinet. It was only yesterday that the morning half of these precious Gemini indulged in a dreary drivel to prove that the corn laws were no failure,' and that therefore the Premier ought not to be expected to abandon them. The aged gossip was not aware that the question on which she was exhausting her garrulity had been already virtually settled. Having been amused at the blundering ignorance of the Mrs. Gamp of the press, we looked with some curiosity to what she would say in the character of Mrs. Harris. The effect pro duced upon that female nobody is quite astounding. She don't believe a word of it,' for she has heard nothing about it from Mrs. Gamp, who is the only authority for the opi nions of Mrs. Harris." (The reading of the above excited roars of laughter in the meeting.) If the intelligence in the Times were true, who, he (the Gallant Chairman) would ask had brought it about ? (Hear, hear.) The sturdy, uncom promising Tories of their own accord ?—(No, no) — or had they been driven to it for fear of the popularity of the Whigs ?—(Laughter.) The farmer would say, " Why, did not we all along tell you there must be a change ? and now the time has come."—(Hear, hear.) Sir James Graham would say, " Did not I tell you that, after all, an adequate supply of food for the people must be the first consideration ?"—(Hear, hear.) The Whigs would say, " Lord John has been convinced and has changed his opinion, and so have we, who do not think the existence of the Constitution depends on the support of the landed interest." Both parties (continued the Gallant Chairman) had been con vinced, but by whom ?—(Hear, hear.) By the people —(Cheers)—whom it has been the object of the League to collect in thousands of meetings, like that which he then had the honour to preside over, to instruct — (Loud cheers)—and to declare that they will have these restrictions on the food of the people—these starvation laws no longer.—(Rapturous applause.) The Whigs touk care not to do too much—(Hear, hear)— ' they did sway with some rotten boroughs, but they kept some few for themselves.—(Hear, hear.) They grant/N:1 votes, for the first time, to leasehold house holders of ten pounds in boroughs, and gave to coun ties 501. leasehold votes. That reform was spoiled in the making—(Hear, hear)—and when more was de manded by the people, those who had accomplished the work, frightened at what they had done, called out they should have no more.—(Hisses.) That Whig Ministry lost the confidence of the people in its finality system.—(Hear and cheers.) And though they knew what was right, they clung to their order, and cheated the people till they were turned out.—(Loud cheers and cries of " Hear, hear.") The Gallant General then proceeded to show, that a third party had risen up, which had no ancestry to be proud of, nor connexion with the aristocracy.—(Cheers.) It could boast, he said, of what ennobled beyond a long line of de ceased ancestors. It had integrity, honesty of purpose, and no cunning, nor left-handedness.—(Cheers.) It had abundance of wealth, and by frugal habits, and habitual dberality, it knew when and where to spend at the pro per time and place.—(Applause.) The free-traders and the leaders of the middle class constitute that "third party"—(Cheers)—and that party, having headed this movement, had achieved, by peaceful agitation, in six years, what could have been effected by no other means. —(Great cheering.) This agitation would shortly be come unnecessary—(Hear)—but not until they should have effected a reform in the House of Commons, which had been attempted, but had been left undone.—(Hear, near, and loud cheers.) For himself, he would not rest satisfied till the Members of that House became what they ought to be, according to the spirit of the constitu. tion—(Loud cheers, and cries of "Bravo Briggs !")—the Commons Houie of Parliament--the Representatives, not of the aristocracy, which had a House of its own, but of the middle and bumbler classes—the bulk of the great mass of the people.—(Enthusiastic cheers, and renewed cries of " Bravo I") To effect this, they should have an extension of the suffrage—(Hear, hear, and cheers) —and they should have the power of meeting in the Registration Courts the 501. leasehold tenantry— " the serfs of the landed aristocracy," who, as " tenants at will," neve; ought to have had votes.—(Cheers, and cries of "Hear and Bravo !") They should become a sort of independent 40s .freeholders—(Cheers)—who, by returning the friends of the people as the reprTentatives, would lay the foundation for the complete abolition of all monopolies, whether of corn, sugar, timber, or game; —(Cheers)—and the gradual but certain introduction of other laws, which might be deemed by the great body of the people wholesome, and conducive to national prosperity. (Great, and long-continued cheerimg, amidst which the gallant General resumed his seat.) Mr. MOORE, of the League, then rose, and having addressed himself to the various evils with which the corn-laws afflict the people, he expressed the gratifica tion which the country must now feel at the change that has taken place in the minds of the working classes on this question. The working men, he continued, were not now disturbing the anti-corn-law meetings in the manner they were wont to do ; and looking back to the time when they were in such a habit, it was matter of surprise that they could, at any time, have done so— that they, for whose rights the League were standing up, were the men who rose in public meetings against the unjust corn-laws, and who moved " amendments " to upset those meetings.—(Hear, hear.) They now found out their mistake.—(Hear, hear.) They found that " scarcity of food meant scarcity of wages" — (Hear, hear) —and they were now uniting to assist the League to get rid of the laws which intervene to create that scarcity.—(Hear, hear, and applause.) Their Gal lant Chairman had told them that there had been a great increase of 40s. freeholders throughout the country; and it was more cheering still, that in South Lancashire, the West Riding of Yorkshire, North Lancashire, and North Cheshire, from one-sixth to one-fourth of those increased votes were in the hands of working men.— (Loud cheers and cries of "Bravo!")—men who pur chased their votes out of the savings from their hard earned wages—(Renewed cheers and cries of "Bravo!") —men who had difficulties to meet in tr the struggle to get bread for their families.—(Hl. har and alause.) They began to feel the importance of the subject and the necessity of having in their hands the means of protecting themselves and families, and of leaving a free inheritance to their children of the rights which had been too long kept from themselves.—(Cheers.) He (Mr. Moore) could quote numerous instances of the employers of those honest workicg men lending them 301. and 401., to assist them in making up the sum necessary to pur chase their freeholds.—(Applause.) It was most en couraging thus to see employers aiding their men to ob tain their political rights—(Hear)—and to reflect that the assistance thus afforded was conferred upon men who were not subject to those employers, and who could leave them at any time, and go to any other employer.— (Hear, and applause.) These were matters worth congratulating the people upon ; and it was something for the League to congratulate themselves upon, that they had brought things to this cheering and promising issue. —(Hear, hear.) The people, the Learned Gentle man continued, had come together now under the im pression that the time of sunshine and abundance was gone by, and that the time was not very far off when the pressure of wantwould come upon them ; for they were now come together at a time when actual famine was threat the people country a s at pre h s a e d n t to ; threat ening to fall upon the country.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. Moore then impressed upon the meeting that in America there thew qasuensetvioenthat never so abundant do with now was, " Was there corn anywhere that they could get ?"—(Hear, hear, and great applause.) At the port of Antwerp alone no less than 212 vessels laden with corn had entered after that port had been h t rown open for its free admission—(Hear)—and if the ports of Britain were thrown open, he would put it to the meet ing, whether there would not come into them a far greater number than 212 vessels ?—(Hear, hear, and ap plause.) The Learned Gentleman then stated that a great gathering of " Delegates" was about to assemble in London, from all parts of the country, for the purpose of representing to Sir Robert Peel the depressed state of the national welfare, consequent upon the mischievous effects of the corn-laws ; that the factories are now, in many , instances, working " short time," and in m an y others not working at all, the manufacturers (whose warehouses are teeming with manufactured goods) not being able to find markets for their stock on hand.— (Hear, hear.) Mr. Moore then alluded to Sir R. Peel's intimation that" the battle was to be fought in the Regis tration Courts;" and he (Mr. Al .) was proud to say that it was being fought in those courts, and that the Right Hon. Baronet's party were losine , in the struggle.—(Cheers, and cries of " Hear.") He (Mr. Moore) called upon the country to unite with the League, and to make one grand push, which was all they wanted.—(Hear, and cheers.) Their cause was just, and the injustice they were now attacking had decay and rottenness within it —(Hear and cheers)—and justice, sooner or later, in this struggle must thrive.—(Cheers.) His earnest wish was that the contest might soon come to an end.— (Hear.) He felt they had worked long enough, and would wish that they might rest from their labours, and say " their work was done"—(Cheers) —and that God's bounty to his people should not be interfered with ; and if they were sure that the announcement in the Times were true, " that Ministers were about to call Parlia ment together for the purpose 'of totally atid uneondition- ally abolishing those unjust laws"—(Hear)—then the country might believe that conversion was at last worked r!!1-rs.-_(eh ee m) The Learned Gentit-.luan then expressed a hope that this might be their last meeting in that hall on the subject ; and said he would merely hope in parting, that they would learn from this struggle how to work in other great struggles, that they might profit.—(Loud cries of " Bravo," and enthusiastic applause, amidst which Mr. Moore resumed his seat.) _ _ On the motion of Professor KEY, seconded by JAMES BROTHERTON, Esq., the thanks of the meeting were voted to General Briggs for his conduct in the chair ; after which, and " three hearty cheers for the Gallant General," Mr. Moore giving " the time," the meeting separated. REPEAL OF THE CORN-LAWS. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) On Saturday, a rw eting of the members of the East 3arrey Agricultural Association was held at the Grey hound, Croydon, for the purpose of receiving returns of the crops of corn and potatoes from the different parishes comprised within this division of the county of Surrey, and also to take into consideration other matters con nected with the pres(nt position of the agricultural interest. J. W. Sutherland, Esq., the President of the Associa tion, took the chair ; E. Antrobus, Esq., M.P. for the Eastern Division, was also preseut ; and there were be tween sixty and seventy of the principal farmers of the district also present. Mr. Joule DRUMMOND, the secretary, read the re turns that had been sent in from twenty- five parishes, in conformity with the requisition of the Association. The general result appeared to be, that of wheat there was an average crop, peas and barley, somewhat more than an average, the other crops of corn deficient, and potatoes had generally failed to the extent of nearly half the crop. Mr. SUTHERLAND, after the returns had been disposed of, addressed the meeting briefly, and, after alluding to the statement of its being the intention of the Govern ment to propose the immediate repeal of the present corn law, he said he did not believe that there was any such intention entertained by the Ministry, and the report had indeed been contradicted from an apparently official source. Although, however, it might be true that there was no immediate intention to alter the existing law, he considered it very likely that some material alteration might eventually be made, and he suggested whether it would not be better for the agricultural interest to en deavour to propose some measure that would be likely to effect a compromise, and thus avoid the extreme of total repeal. Mr. C. H. TURNER, of Rook's Nest, objected to any such discussion being entered into. He said they were not assembled to propose or suggest any modification of the present corn•law, but to take the best measures to secure the amount of protection that was at present afforded to agriculture. Mr. ANTROBUS addressed the meeting, and said that he, like many others, no doubt, was very much astonished at the statement as to the intentions of the Government 'eith regard to the corn-laws. He did not at the time believe it to be true, and it was his opinion that the Ministry had no such intention. He, and the majority of the Conservative Members, had consented to a very material modification of the old law, and they felt it their duty to do so, when they considered the circum stances of the times, the depressed state of the manufac turing interest, and the necessity of doing something to improve its condition. They had hoped this would have a conciliating effect, and that th© sacrifices made by the agricultural interest would have been considered suffi cient to prevent any public agitation. It did not appear, however,:to have had this effect ; but he could only say that they would be determined to oppose the Go vernment if any extreme measure were pro posed ; and he had no doubt that those Members of the House of Commons who were more especially interested in, and pledged to the support of agriculture, would be found strong enough to prevent the carrying of such a measure should it be proposed. Some other speeches were made, and it was argued by some of the speakers that there was very little ground for the present excitement upon the subject of the scar city of feed, for although the potato crop had failed, yet the harvest of last year had been sufficient to supply the population for thirteen months and a half, and therefore there was quite sufficient of the present harvest to supply them until the next harvest. A resolution, embodying th;s opinion, and pledging the meeting to support the existing corn-laws, and call ing upon their representatives in Parliament to assist in carrying out the views of the Association, was then pro posed and carried, after which the meeting adjourned. ANTI-CORN-LAW MEETING. WOTTON- UNDER.. EDGE, DEC. 6.—A public meeting was held here this afternoon in the National School- room, for the purpose of receiving a deputation from the Anti-Corn-law League, and hearing from them the pre sent condition and future prospect's of the movement. There was a very numerous attendance. The room, which is capable of accommodating nearly 2,000 persons, was densely crowded in every part, and among those present were many of the farmers of the surrounding neighbourhood. At about three o'clock Earl Ducie, who had been appointed to take the chair, entered the room, accompanied by the Hon. F. A. Moreton, Mr. Richard Cobden, M.P., Mr. John Bright, M.P., and several of the leading residents of the (own and neigh bourhood, all of wham were received with reiterated plaudits. Earl DUCIE, in taking the chair, expressed the grati fication it afforded him to find that the anti-corn•law movement was uniting under its banners men of every political creed. Of the success of the cause, although in attaining it they had to combat prejudices and inter ests, he had no doubt.—(Cheers) They should cast . • . . aside all minor differences and join hand and heart for the promotion of-an object so closely connected with the welfare of their country. They were told that Sir Robert Peel was about to repeal the corn-laws, and that Right Hon. Barohet had done so many extra ordinary things that he should not wonder at anything he did; but, at the same time,' they must not depend upon his doing so.—(Hear.) They should not forget that Sir R. Peel had a good deal of the eel in him, and was very slippery—(Laughter and applause)—and the farmers would, he thought, find him to be an electrical eel. There was no district in England which had suf fered more from the operation of the corn laws than that in which they had met. If they looked at their empty mills and their unemployed population, they would see whether they ought to support those baneful laws which were useful to no one but the large mono polist. He was glad to see so many farmers present, for he was sure his friend Cobden would soon convince them that they would suffer no injury from a repeal of the corn-laws.—(Hear.) He (Lord Ducie) knew that a great many of them believed, that if the corn-laws were abolished, the country would be inundated with corn ; but this idea was as ridiculous as the one which had pre vailed among the young servant-maids and apprentices, who, having read the story of " Whittington and his Cat," believed in their simplicity that the streets of London were paved with gold. lie could assure his brother farmers that they would have nothing to fear, for he fully believed that, instead of reducing the home grown corn to the foreign standard, it would raise the foreign standard to that of England. Mr. COBDEN proceeded to address the meeting, and was received with prolonged applause. He said, in pass • ing through that beautiful district in the morning he had seen what to him were the most convincing argu ments against the corn-laws, for everywhere he saw the woollen-mills idle.— (Hear.) But why should the people of Wotton-under-Ed ge be unemployed ? It might be said that their trade had gone to other quarters—to Yorkshire and the North of England. But was there any reason why there should not be trade enough for them all ? The district in which they were met pos • sessed all the requisites of a busy manufacturing dis trict ; and if the co rn -l aws were re p ea led, there was no reason why they should not have as good a trade as Yorkshire.—(Hea r .) Th ey cou ld make as good cloths as in Yorkshire, n a y, better ones, and the only reason why people did not wear the best west of England broad cloths was, that by the operation of the corn-laws they were ground down into poverty.—(Hear.) What were the fatal consequences of the decline of trade in that beau tiful district ? What did they see around them ? Why, reduced wages, unemployed artisans, starving children, pale and anxious mothers, half-fed cot tagers, ruin, misery, disaffection, crime, and despair. —(Great cheering.) He would be bound to say that there were labourers present, who, even when fully employed, received 6s. per week.—(Cries of " That's true.") Why, in the north they paid none less than 14s. and 15s.—(Hear.) Was the state of decline to which he had referred to continue? Would they lie down under it.—(No, no.) Shame on them if they did. (Cheers.) The men of Wotton-under-Edge must arouse themselves to recover their trade; and who would oppose them? Would the farmers ? Would not a farmer rather have a farm in the neighbourhood of Manchester, were everything flourished and advanced , than in the nighbourhood of declinin g and decaying \Nrottoni;e un un su d r e r r-under— hy n(Haear, hear-) W ou ld h e no t rather employed population than by paupers? To be sure he would, for he could get better prices for his commo dities, and w ould be more certain of receiving the mon e y for what h e had sold. — (Cheers.) Well, then, would the landlords oppose them? Certainly not, unless they were more blind than were the moles and the bats. For was it not their paramount interests to promote the we lfare of the ten antry on their estates? He would now ad dress himself t o the farmers present, some of whom, no d oubt, c onsidered that for every quarter of corn brought from abroad they would sell one quarter the less at home. That was the greatest of all possible fallacies, because the direct influence of a repeal of the corn-laws would be to immea surably increase trade. The people would then have better wages, and the consequence would be that the consumption of corn would be more than doubled, so that all the corn which was grown at home, and all that was brought from abroad would readily find customers in the market ; but another delusion which was prac tised upon the farmer was, that England could not afford to repeal the corn-laws bec ause of the large amount of taxes she paid, and that if she did so her peasantry would Tdihdis not w hrcountries be reduced to serfdom , similar to Russia or Poland. Poland countr taxes were no R o s t e perfect nonsense. true, we paid ta xes , b u t ? He t had hat didtravelled n o not. much,.. Didpgnoivdetr?h ne a my n we d tnhi s)n e . ,kni to never that v gs e ee ret as mi m ne e dR t mt s ti v osu i se t hi h hia m or to be the very essence o f any taxes as possible out of the people, and the Emperor of Russia followed the general example. Why, if it were true that no taxes were paid by the people of Russia, what a slur it would be on the glorious Constitution of England ; for, if they were the only people that paid taxes, and if the Empe ror of Russia and other foreign potentates governed their nations, and kept themselves and their Govern ments without levying taxes, he should say it would be a very good thing for England if it were under • Russian government instead of its own.—(Cheers.) Another thing that was said was that the farmers had to pay highway rates. Well, but if they had had the advantage of good roads, which was one of the greatest blessings that could be rendered them—if they doubted this, let them only convey their corn and their produce to the market as they did in Spain—in sacks upon the backs of their horses across their fields for a few days, without using the roads, and he would undertake to say that they would find out what an inestimable advantage it was to have good roads. Then they talked of the farmers paying the poor-rates ; but it they did, it was the corn-laws that made the paupers. But foreigners supported their poor as well as England, not, perhaps, in such a systematic manner, but did they think that Eng land was the only place in the world that had any charity ? Then it was said that they paid church-rates, and that foreigners did not. This was another very great mis take, for let them go into any country which was Roman Catholic, or where the Greek Church prevails, and they would find that the priests there, as indeed every where else, got all they could out of the people, and that in proportion as the people were well off or otherwise, so were the:priests rich or otherwise. Then let not the farmer be any longer cajoled by these stories. But then it was said, what use would be the repeal of the corn-laws if they were not as a consequence to have cheap bread ? Why, who cared for the price of bread ; all that was wanted was, that the people might have plenty of it. Their object in arguing in favour of free trade was not cheapness, but abundance, to extend their trade and commerce, so that they did nut care what the price of bread was as long as the people were so fully employed as to have money in their pockets to buy plenty of it. The difference of free trade and what was called protec tion was, that it would give them a happy, peaceable, and contented, instead of a gloomy, miserable, and discontented people. Well, but it was said that these laws were to be repealed. The Government was in a fix, and was it not strange that these rotten potatoes should be of more force with them than sound arguments ? But the Government were in a fix, and it was said that Peel atd Wellington would abolish these laws, and the protection gentlemen, who had all along been telling them that they could not compete with foreigners, would suddenly wheel round and tell them the other story. Then, again, it was said that the repeal would reduce the rents of farms ; he did not think that it would, for they could not increase their farms while the population was daily increasing. He hoped each farmer who had heard his arguments would repeat them to his friends, and if it should be productive of a change in their feelings in favour of free trade, then his mission would not have been in vain. Mr. Cobden then alluded to the mode of extending the franchise and pur chasing freeholds for the county. The meeting was also addressed by Mr. Austing, Mr. Child, Mr. Bright, M.P., Mr. Bedy, &c., and the usual resolutions having been carried by acclamation, the meeting separated at half-past five o'clock. - JERROLD'S SHILLING MAGAZINE. Douglas Jerrold has now completed his second volume, I and, seeing the success which has attendsd this maga zine, we are free to confess that there is more heart in I the English reading public than, twelve months since, we could have imagine d. Connected with no great po litical or religious party, in fact diametrically opposed to all parties, religious and political, as mere parties— Catholic in he true, not the sectarian sense of the word —a social rather than a political or a religious reformer, Douglas Jerrold took his stand as the great assertor of the rights of human nature against all oligarchical usur pations, and he has maintained it nobly ; for twelve months he has fought the good fight, and the fact that his magazine is still alive and flourishing, and likely to flourish, is a proof that there ure more honest hearts in England than our party leaders wot of, aye, and that those hearts are surmounted by shrewd heads, containing sharp eyes, which see through the veil of hypocrisy in which the soi-disant good people would fain shroud themselves. Let the Cantwells of religion, of politics, of literature, look to it—their occupation is well nigh gone. The holes in their coats are all discovered, the chiel has taken a note of them— " And faith he'll prent it." The present number commences with the 20th chapter • of the " History of St. Giles and St. James." The scene is laid in the borough of Liquorish during the election. Young St. James, the aristocratical candidate, accom panied by Folder and Tangle, goes down to the borough, on which occasion Dr. Gilead, the pluralist rector, preaches a sermon, inculcating the duty of reve rence and obedience to superiors. Among the congre gation are Capstick and Bright Jem. The latter, as they were walking through the church-yard, on their return, observes : " It was a nice sermon, wasn't it? Perhaps a little too much o' putting people over people's heads; but still it was comfortable ; though now and then to be sure, the doctor did, as I think, take a little too much upon himself. How he did give it to 'em who he said were out of the palings of the church ! How he did dress 'em to be sure ! And how, upon his own authority, he said they'd suffer." " James," said Capstick—for so he dignified Jem when wishing to be solemn—" James, do you recollect the words And God said, Let us make man in our own image, after our likeness?' " " I should think I did," said Jem, unconsciously pulling off his hat. " Ha! that's beautiful and consoling, isn't it? And what a fine creature is Man, so long as he always has these words before his eyes, and so tries to do nothing but what shall be some way worthy of his likeness! To do this, James, is to make this world a pleasant place—and to have everybody happy about us. And God said, Let us make man in our image!' This is beautiful : but it's sad, it's melancholy work, Jem, when man says, Let us make God in our image " " I beg your pardon," said Jem, " it's utterly unpossible. 'Tisn't to be done, no how." Jem, it 'a been done for thousands of years; it 's being clone every day." Jem stared. " Yes, J em ; f or w h en man , in spiritual matters, persecutes man—when, in the name of religion, and, as he says, vindicating God, he commits vio lence and cruelty upon his fellow-creatures, then does he, in his own ignorance, make for a time his Maker aft er hi s own erring and revengeful nature—then does he make God in his own image ! Look at the burnings and roastings of poor human flesh—its hangings and quarterings, its imprisonment and exile in the name of religion. What are all these, but that man does all this wickedness in the name of God; that is, he thinks God is pleased with what pleases his own vile, vindictive nature; and as I take it—and it can't be denied— after such fashion it is, that man makes God after his own image. Many folks—poor souls—think this the best re ligion. Jem, it's nothing more nor less than worst blasphemy." Folder and Tangle dine at the rectory, and both im bibe rather more than enough of the rector's port. Tangle retires to his bed at the inn drunk, and young Jingo, who, with Torn Blast, has followed St. Giles to Liquorish, having concealed himself in Tangle's bed room, is on the point of getting possession of the key which opens the closet, in which is contained the pre cious casket of treasure, destined by Tangle to pur chase the suffrages of the free and independent electors of Liquorish, when the chapter closes. " The Social Position and Character of the Bar" is the title of the next paper, in which the arrogant lawyers are brought down to their just level. It is a melancholy fact, that the law is more frequently the " two-edged sword of craft and oppression" than " the staff of honesty, and the shield of innocence." Many are the severe truths told in this paper, and the writer has not overstated the evils which arise from the present posi tion of the law and lawyers. The remedy for this is a grand reform and simplification of the law—the forma tion of a general code, as is the case in other countries. This is opposed by the lawyers, who, like Alexander, the coppersmith, raise the cry of " Great is Diana of the Epliesians," because their craft is in danger ; but they will eventually be compelled to give way, and we are glad to see that Douglas Jerrold is breaking ground against them. It is "the beginning of the end." W-- are glad to find our friend Juniper Hedgehog continuing hi s letters this month. The subject of his lucubration is the potato disease, which is considered by a certain William Ferrie, who writes in the Edinburgh Witness, as a judgment upon the nation for voting the tlaynooth grant. Juniper Hedgehog attacketh this William Ferrie, " who bawls and scribbles as it he were nothing less than a livery servant to Providence, and knew all tilt -11( atsehold secrets," in regular cabman fashion,and masheth him even as though he (Ferrie) were himself a potato. The other articles are all good, not merely amusing, but furnishing matter for thought. Jerrold's Magazine is a book not merely " for a day, but for all time." DOLMAN'S MAGAZINE. In the present number Mr. Leicester S. F. Bucking ham brings his paper, entitled " Mary Queen of Scots and Lord Brougham," to a conclusion. It is evident that Mr. Leicester Buckingham is an enthusiast in the cause of Mary, and, like all enthusiasts, he suffers his feelings to run away with his judgment, and is rather eloquent than logical. The greater part of the present portion of his paper is devoted to the consideration of the Babington conspiracy ; and Mr. Buckingham, admitting that Mary was aiding and abetting that conspiracy as far as it re lated to the dethronement of Elizabeth, denies that she was cognizant of the plot connected with it for the as sassination of the Queen, grounding this assertion upon the allegation that the decipherment of Mary's letter, which was given is evidence, contained " an interpola tion in the convicting passage." Now, although Mr. Buckingham has, in our opinion, completely failed in proving that this was the case, we will not now go into any argument with him on that point, because he him self gives other evidence which proves that Mary knew of the intention of the conspirators to assassinate Eliza beth. Speaking of the declaration made by Nau (Mary's secretary) to James 1., as given by Lingard, he says— " The boldness of this declaration, consistent as it is in every point with his former remonstrance to Elizabeth, and the entire absence from his deposition of any point in the smallest degree inculpating Mary, may surely justify us in claiming him as a witness in her defence." Be it so. We give Nau to Mr. Buckingham, as a witness for the defence, and therefore it is not in the mouth of the defender to impugn the credibility of his own wit ness. Now what is the evidence of this witness, whose deposition contains not " any point in the smallest degree inculpating Mary," as reported by Mr. Bucking ham himself, from Von Ramer?— " The defence of Mary clearly points to an interpolation in the convicting passage of the letter, since she vehemently de clared that the points of the letters that concerned the Queen's Majesty's person were never by her written, nor of her knowledge; the rest, for invasion and for escaping by force, she would neither affirm nor deny.' (Cecil to Davison, Cott. MSS. Calig. c. ix. f. 433.) And this is fully con firmed by the statement which Nau addressed to Elizabeth from the Tower, in which he stated that 31ary had received from Babington an intimation of the design upon Eiizabeth's life ; but that she took no notice of it in her reply, because it was a thing she neither desired nor intended; though she did not think herself bound to betray the confidence of her friends, by divulging their plans to the Queen." An intimation of the intended assassination was con veyed to Mary ; she did not remonstrate with the con spirators agaiHst it. It is absurd to suppose that, in such a case as this, silence is not consent. " She took uo notice of it in her reply," and, therefore, upon Mr. Buckingham's own showing, she was accessory before the fact to the crime of murder. But it would seem as though Mr. Buckingham held the creed that in some eases assassination was not only lawful, but meritorious ; for in speaking of the assassination of the Regent Mur ray, he designates it an " appropriate fate, drawn upon him by his own cruelty and injustice." Now, surely a gentleman who could suffer his feelings so far to get the better of his prudence as to use such language in rela tion to a deliberately planned murder, is not one on whose judgment any reasoning man would be inclined to place implicit reliance. On Elizabeth he pours out all the vials of his wrath, but in his anger he forgets that he is affording her the best of all possible apologies for her conduct, by showing that the existence of Mary was absolutely incompatible with Elizabeth's personal safety, and that, in self-defence, she was obliged to act as she did. Re denies the legitimacy of Elizabeth—he denies her right to the throne ; and, speaking of the English Roman Catholics, he says, " their honest indignation could no longer be contained, and they watched with eagerness for an opportunity to defend the rights of the lawful heir against the claim of the sanguinary usurper." Harder words these, Mr. Leicester Buckingham, but there is one great fact which you have overlooked ; Elizabeth was sovereign de facto. and an unsuccessful attempt to dethrone a sovereign de facto, even although made by, end on behalf of, an individul claiming the sovereignty de jure, is, by the laws of every civilized nation, considered and punished as treason. Mary and Babingten, with a full knowledge of the chances, chose to play a desperate game. They staked their lives and fortunes against the lives and fortunes of Elizabeth and her supporters. No human being has ever yet ventured o r uo from d theirhas e e t o x a e e x t p e r d e s p s a m d e o l u , tb of f t adversaries ; they lost, and the y have no right to t h h a e t 'st h a a k d e te theyth e w u o uttermost r they moys com plain that payment to the uttermost was exacted fry m them. We have devoted so much space to the examina tion of Mr. Buckingham's paper, that we can only allude to the remaining contents of this number very curso ri ly. The " Chapter o n Music" is admirable, and should be a tt en tively perused by every one who wishes well to the cause o f t h e progress of musical science in Enland. " The Manor of Summerdale" is a simple tale, beautiful from its very simplicity ; it might have been written by is a Wordsworth. " Social England and its Clergy" - plea fur the celibacy of the clergy, written in a truly Catholic and tolerant spirit, and which proves that, how bneoitnigmppooslesimbliecatlo. write There co isn - e t r v o e v r e difficultr i a l d divinity y v, b i e l i o t u i t s not a paper in the present number of Dolman which does not bear upon it the impress of talent. DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE. Tho present nu m b er o p ens w i t h an i n t eres ti ng article, entitled " Portugal as it is," being the narrative of a pedestrian journey from Lisbon to Oporto and Braga in the spring of 1845. The writer says that, although (luring the ascendancy of Don Miguel, and for some years afterwards, there was unquestionably much danger in travelling from town to town in Portugal, yet that at the present day the dangers are by no means formidable, and that the solitary traveller may now traverse even the unfrequented parts of Portugal with perfect safety, providedho possesses the amount of courage and common sense, without which dangers will be met with every where. He gives graphic descriptions of Santarem, A lco baca, Batalha, and the various places he passed through on his route, and represents the people as not only polite and civil, but really desirous to oblige, and as having, as far as physical comforts are concerned, but little cause of complaint. He remained some days at Coimbra, and thus describes the course of instruction at present pursued in that far-famed university, which owes its efficiency almost entirely to the energetic measures of the Marquis de Pombal, who expelled the Jesuits and completely reformed the educational system. " The mode of teaching in Coimbra is by lecturing, and not by tutors, as in England, and the professors, in as far as we could ascertain, speak extempore. In teach ing anatomy or mathematics, we were pleased with the plan followed, which must be well adapted to imprsss the mind of the pupil with the subject under discussion. In the anatomical lectures, for example, after the teacher has de monstrated the muscles, acc., the students in rotation de monstrate the same parts to the audience. By this means the teacher can easily know whether the pupil is merely speaking from memory, or has an experimental acquaintance with the subject. " It is pleasing to speak of the good order and attention which prevails during the lectures, and in as far as a stranger could judge, the conduct of the pupil while in the lecture room, is superior to what we have been accustomed to while a student. When a stranger enters the lecture- room, he is received with the usual Portuguese politeness ; the professor pauses and bows, and the students rise up. There is also another trait in the Portuguese character no less amiable : there are many young men from Goa, Brazil, and other Portuguese colonies, whose complexion would exclude them from the lecture-room among the equality loving democrats of the United States, but at Coimbra more Christian feeling prevails, and no man is despised on account of the line of his skin or the crispness of his hair. " The courses of instruction delivered in Coimbra are ranged under different faculties. Of these, the first is, of course, that of theology. The number of students of the ology in Coimbra, in 1841, was only ninety-three. This small number may excite surprise, but by far the greater number of students are trained in the bishop's seminaries in their respective dioceses, and it is only the elite of the priest hood who look forward to the highest honours of the Church, who study at Coimbra. The course of theological lectures extends throughout six years, and certainly to a Protestant the matters taught appear very curious, consisting of sym bolical, liturgical, and mystic theology. Only one year is devoted to what would apper more important than all the rest—the interpretation of the Scriptures. This all important topic could only boast of a single student. In accordance with the same indifference to literature, there are only eight students of the Greek and nine of the Hebrew language. " The faculty of law is the most efficient in the university, and the number of students of jurisprudence, in 1844, amounted to six hundred and eighty-seven, which is fully half the number attending lectures in Coimbra. As a de gree in law is necessary to qualify for holding almost every civil office which the Government can bestow, as well as to enable any one to practise as a lawyer, the faculty of law is justly regarded as the most important in the university. The full course of instruction extends over a period of six years. The number of professors is very considerable, and the field of instruction proportionably extensive. The wide range of subjects taught includes Roman, canon, and Por tuguese law, political econom y, medi c al jurisprudence, be sides a variety of collateral topics; so that if the various branches of jurisprudence be efficiently taught, the Portu guese lawyers should be the most accomplished jurisconsults in Europe. The text books, at least in civil and canon law, appear to be translations from German writers; the only English author whose works appear to be known, is the celebrated Jeremy Bentham ; his works, however, we should imagine are more for speculation than practice. " The medical faculty is very respectably organised, and well calculated to form at least good literary physicians. The students must have studied philosophy previous to en tering the medical classes—that is, the languages, mathe matics, natural history, and other preliminary studies. However, Coimbra cannot be viewed in any other respect than a school of medical literature. A medical education must be an eminently practical one, and such can only be obtained in large cities, where extensive hospitals afford facilities for observing diseases and studying anatomy. In Coimbra, a small town, of about seven thousand inhabitants, a numerous body of students cannot make progress in ana tomy, or have the advantage of efficient clinical instruction." This valuable paper is followed by an amusing his toriette of the Court of Louis XVI., entitled " Madame de Saverne," and, we have an elaborate critique by Carl Ludwig Fernow on Raphael's Tapestries, which are still preserved in the Vatican. In No. sof the Poetical Remains of Mrs. James Gray, we find some of the most exquisite snatches of song that ever proceeded from the pen of that gifted one, now, alas ! lost to us for ever. The fol lowing " touching little poem," as it is truly described by the Editor, is but too true a picture of the fate of THE GIFTED. Oh, wo for those whose dearest themes Must rest within the bosom's fold ; Oh, wo for those who live on dreams, Unheeded by the coarse and cold. They have a hidden life akin To nothing in this earthly sphere; They have a glorious world within, Where nothing mortal may appear— A world of song, and flower, and gem, Yet wo for them—oh, wo for them. Such his perplexing wo, who seeks A refuge upon stranger shores ; In vain to foreign ears he speaks, In vain their sympathy implores ; The same sad fate a barque might prove, Laden with gold or princely store, Without a guiding star above And an unmeasured deep before. The world dothe scorn them, jibe, contemn : Wo for the gifted, wo for them The tale of Whychcots is continued ; and we have, more over, two political articles, one on " Ireland and her Church," and the other entitled " Protestant Union," in both of which Sir Robert Peel, the former object of the almost idolatrous admiration of the writers in the Dublin University Magazine, is attacked with the most envenomed bitterness. We cannot say that we pity him. Born of the people, his natural position was that of a popular leader. He chose, however, not to stand by his order. Like George's Dandin, he must needs seek to ally himself with the aristocracy, and the political M. d la Dandiniere, finds, like his prototype, when it is past remedy, that he has paid too dear for his whistle—but coos favez voulu George's Dandin—vous Cavez voulu. REMINISCENCES OF OUR STREETS. (From the Patrician.) Piccadilly was named after a hall called Piccadilla Hall, a place of sale for the ruffs called piccadilloes, worn by the gallants of the reign of James I. Where the opening of Hamilton-place is now, was a one-storied building occupied by a barber, still well remembered by several on whom the noted functionary operated in his day. Clarges-street stands on the site of the mansion of Sir Thomas Clarges, brother-in-law to our first Duke of Albemarle ; and on the spot where Apsley House shows its present imposing appearance, the traveller found a comfortable homely hostelrie, called the Hercules' Pillars, the same at which our old friends Squire Western and the fair Sophia were domiciled on their arrival in London. Between the three houses next to Apsley House and Hamilton-place, intervened a row of small houses, one, a public-house called the Triumphant Chariot. Holborn was Old Bourne, or the Old River. Cheapside derives its name from the Saxon chepe, a market. Smithfield is a cor ruption of Smoothfield. Mincing-lane was called Min cheon-lane, from tenements pertaining to the mincheons or nuns of St. Helen's. Fetter-lane has been erroneously supposed to have had some connexion with prisons or criminals ; such was not its derivation. Formerly the spelling was Fewtor-lane, derived from the circumstance of the iewtors or idle beggars making it a place of resort. In 1700, Bond-street extended no further than the west-end of Clifford-street. New Bond-street was then an open field, called Conduit-mead, from one of the conduits which supplied that part of the town with water, and which gave name to the present Conduit-street. In 1720, Oxford-road (now Oxford-street), from Princes street eastward, as far as High-street, St. Giles's, was, on the north side, almost unbuilt. " I remember," says Mr. Pennant, " there was a deep hollow road and full of sloughs; there was here and there a ragged house, the lurking place for cut-throats; insomuch that I was never taken that way by night, in my hackney coach, to a worthy uncle's, who gave me lodgings at his house in George-street, but I went in dread the whole way." The south aide was built as far as Swallow, now Regent street. Soho-square dates from the reign of Charles the Second, and was called, originally, iu honour of the Duke of Monmouth, who lived in the centre house, " Monmouth-square," a name which tradition asserts that the admirers of the popular and ill-fated Prince, changed at his death, to Soho, the word of the day at the field of Sedgemoor. In the time of " the merlin monarch," the Haymarket was a lane, bounded by hedges, and all beyond to the north, east and west, was entirely country. On the site of Windmill-street stood a corn mill. May Fair, in former times the resort of the most disorderly part of the community, became notorious for a fair which was held there each year for seven days consecutively, and not finally put down before the reign of George 11. Park-lane was called Tyburn-lane, until its fashionable inhabitants changed the name. At the beginning of last century Marylebone (St. Mary on the Bourne) was a small vil lage, nearly a mile from any part of the metropolis. Covent, properly Convent-garden, formerly belonged to the abbot and monks of Westminster. The Piazza was designed by Inigo Jones. The Adelphi owes its erec tls" ion o ier their o f m r t a ha t sae that n l a va l ty c a o t - t, o h p ei e n r a t i t m i l o se n s . 4o, f S t p r t y ah , r p et e to the Messrs. Adam, f our b rothers, and its name 'sof‘‘ s m o insurrectionrai r of m a marched to Hay Hill, then an open country, to attack the metropolis, but were there met and repulsed by the royal army. In the days of Charles 11. the locality sub sequently denominated Seven Dials was erected, in the expectation that it would become the abode of the gay and wealthy 1 Close at hand were Soho-square and Covent-garden, then aristocratical resorts, and on the other side, the mansion of the Bedford and other noble families, sufficient good companionship, one would suppose, to sustain the Seven-dials' respectability ; but the influence of St. Giles's was omnipotent. Seven dials soon rivalled its neighbour the Rookery in misery and wretchedness. At the survey of Aggas in 1560, Chancery-lane presented only a few scattered houses at the ends which connect it with Holborn and Fleet street ; but in the reign of Elizabeth, the bonchers of Lincoln's Inn, wishing for more privacy for their gardens, erected a wall to separate them from the street, and upon the building of this wall the most illustrious of bricklayers, Ben Jonson, worked with his own hands. Lad -lane was originally Lady't -lane ; and Grace church-street, Grass-street, in allusion to herb market held there. The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort are entertain ing a distinguished party at Badminton. The circl e i nc l u d es the Marquis of Lansdowne, the Earl and Count ess d e G rey , the Earl of Wilton,the Earl and Countess of Shelburne, Lord Alvanley, Mr. and Lady Charlotte Lister, Captain Somerset, Mr. Sturt, the Marquis and Marchioness of Worcester, &c. The first lawn meet of the Badminton hounds for the present season took place on Saturday, on which occasion a brilliant field assembled. FLANDERS MAIL. BRVUEL/1, Dim s.—The Chamber resumed yesterday the debate on article 330 of the penal code, and adopted a new article. It then adopted a project of law for a supplementary credit to the department of justice. It then adopted after a discussion, articles 1 to 12, and 16 to 19, of the project of law relative to commercial entrepots, and deferred the debate on articles 13, 14, and 15. _ The Minister of War some days since gave orders for a considerable quantity of linen (2,000 pieces) for the army for 1846. The greater part is to be supplied by Messrs. Velghe and Rops of Namur, whose tender was at the lowest prices. The Minister considering the distress prevalent in Flanders, has given a larger order than usual to assist the poor people in the country, by giving them an opportunity of disposing of various kinds of linen which it is so difficult to export to France. BRUGES, DEC. 3.—Yesterday and to-day bands of work men have been traversing the streets of this city. They go to the principal manufacturers to ask for work, which is refused, because those persons cannot pay workmen when they cannot employ them. The same workmen have also been to the Burgomaster, to represent their situation and to de mand work. These assemblies have hitherto been peaceable, but we do not see them formed without apprehension. Bnussims, DEC. 6.—The Chamber of Representatives continued the discussion of the project of law relative to offences against good manners, which it adopted. The Chamber then resumed the discussion of the articles of the project of law on commercial entrepots. The Nourelliste de Flanders says that serious excesses have been committed by bands of robbers in Dutch Flanders. VIENNA, Nov: 29.—An imperial resolution which is shortly to be published, is expected with general impatience. It is supposed that it will announce the free importation of the most necessary provisions. BELGIAN FUNDS.—Bausszts, DEC. 6. Actual Debt, 2 1 ;4 per Cent .............. Rothschild's Loan, Five per Cent ........ Lean of Thirty Millions, Four per Cent.... Ditto Three per Cent. Ditto Thirty-seven Millions, ditto ...... Ditto,ditto,lB4o . •.••• • • • • ..... 99% Ditto,ditto,lB42 . . . Ditto, 1844.. • • Ditto, 1836.. ••..•• ••....•........•.. Ditto, 1832 ••••..•••••••• • • • • • • • • • • .. 745 9 Ditto of the City, 1832 Ditto, 1843 Bank of Belgium ...... •••• • • • • • ••• • • • • • 762 —Brussels Papers, DEC. 7. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—TIENNA, Nov. 28. 5 per Cent. Metalliques • • • 4 per Cent. ditto .• • • • • • • • • • • • • •• •• • • • • •• 100% 3 per Cent. dltte.• •••••• • • • • • ....... •• •• 76 Loan, 1834 ••• • • • ...... •••• • • • ...• • • 160 Ditto, 1839 ... 127% Bank Shares • • • • • . 1605 Esterhazy's Loan .. • . RAILWAYS. The Northern, or Ferdinand Gloggnitz ... . • ..... .... •. • ....... 132 Vienna—Milan . • ................ 118 Leghorn • • • . . . 116% Pesth . . Grosetto 98 —Allgeneeine Zeitung. Dec. 1. POETRY. The following lines were written by a young lady in her :hirteenth year, on leaving the sequestered village of Lough ton, in Epping Forest, for London : Farewell to thee, Loughton, village dear My childhood's happy home, To the busy town my course I steer, 'Mid crowds, but yet alone. I look for thy peaceful shade in vain, And repine at my hapless lot, As msm'ry paints sweetly each meadow and lane That surrounded my lonely cot. I call to mind each merry note Of the happy ploughman's lay, As with untaught skill he tunes his throat, And plods his furrow'd way. In fancy the tinkling of flocks I hear, AS their homeward path they find; And the low of the heifer sounds sweet in mine ear, As music on the wind. M. H. SUGAR DUTIES. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR,—You will observe that the Gazette of Friday night last quoted the average price of West India sugar at 375. 2d. per cwt. Uncertificated Manilla sugar, quality for quality, colour for colour, is worth only 235. per cwt.—showing that Sir Robert Peel's darlings, the West India proprietors, are obtaining 14s. per cwt. more for their sugar than it is worth in the markets in the world—in other terms, for what the British consumer pays the West Indian, 375. 2d., he could buy at Hamburgh for 235. But this is got the only loss the British consumer has to sustain; he has to supply the de ficiency in the revenue occasioned by a reduction in the sugar duties, and this he is compelled to do through the grinding operation of the income-tax. Had there not been a reduction of sugar duties, the income-tax would not have been necessary. The position of the British consumer is exactly this : in the duty-paid price he gives for the sugar he pays the amount of old duty, 255. per cwt., and three shillings besides these sums added to the real value of the sugar, 235. per cwt., make in the aggregate the amount he pays, namely, 51s. per cwt., and he has to pay the income-tax into the bargain. This is really too badl—l am, Sir, your obedient servant, B. S. It MR. J. T. ARCHER'S BENEFIT AT THE HIT MARKET.—That most civil and attentive of box book keepers, Archer, takes his benefit at the Haymarket Theatre to morrow evening; and we hope that all those who, during the course of the season, have benefited by his attention, will benefit him in return by their attendance, in which cue he will have a bumper. SACRED HARMONIC SOCIETT.—The " Messiah " will be performed at Exeter-ball on Friday evening next. Mrs. Sunderland, a lady who has acqaired much provincial celebrity, and who appears for the first time in London, with Miss Hawes, Hobbs, and Phillips, are the singers on the occasion. EARL FITawILLIAM.—We regret extremely that the absence of this patriotic nobleman from England will prevent him from taking part in the proceedings for the establishment of those principles of free-trade which his en lightened mind began to advocate when other statesmen were only feeling their way to truth and sound policy. And our regret for his Lordship's absence is the stronger, because he will not be present to give the sanction of his name and station to the approaching meeting for the opening of the ports and the repeal of the obnoxious corn-laws, in the West Riding of this county.—Leeds Mercury. THE COAST DIFENCES.—Capt. Addison's invention for heating shot red hot, which was recently tested in the marshes at Woolwich, having been approved by the board of officers appointed to ascertain and report on its advantages, the inventor has been requested to state the amount he would require to supply 200 furnaces similar to the one approved of, but placed on higher and stronger wheels, to enable them to be moved with greater facility, and without being liable to break down when employed on actual service. This inven tion will prove a great acquisition the coast defences, as its power of rendering 32-pounders and other shot red hot in a limited time has been fully and satisfactorily tested, and the object is attained at a much less expense than by any other mode hitherto adopted. TYPHUS FILTER IR WOOLWICH.—The typhus fever is at present very prevalent in certain districts in Woolwich, which are distinguished for the insalubrity of the atmosphere, their deficient ventilation, and the filthy habits of the persons who reside therein. A few days since Mr. Macdonald, the surgeon of the Woolwich division of the Greenwich union, waited upon the Board of Commissioners, and, after apprising them of this fact, said he was apprehen sive that, if the damp weather continued, the disease might become contagious. The houses were very imperfectly ven tilated—the sleeping rooms crowded with beds—the dwel lings in a very filthy condition, and it was highly desirable that the houses should be lime-washed and otherwise cleansed. Mr. Macdonald was referred to the Board of Guardians, who, it is understood, will take the necessary proceedings. VUE TORY.—We understand that the prosecution • of Captain Johnstone , the late master of the Tory, will in • future be conducted by the Solicitor of the Treasury. Mr. Hayward, clerk to Mr. Maule (Solicitor to the Treasury) had an interview with Mr. Sy mons, the chief clerk of the Thames Police-court, in reference to the subject on Saturday • afternoon, preliminary to arranging the whole of the volu ' minous evidence taken during the investigation. ' It is currently reported that the plan for the retire ment of 300 captains is abandoned. It this be true, it is gross ' injustice to the 2tr4 gaptains, who, it is understood, intimated their willingness to accept. As this number falls so little 7 short of 300, the Admiralty are, in common honesty to these ) officers, bOund to carry out the plan.—rfampshire Telegraph. II 4 1 , 4V7 .44 ~!! ~'r '~ ; . s to as wo le f 01" will , sy." ass of 0 god titioo e d the ,n Or, [sorb so ale pear Y) , tool, ..;" _ 7 -~