The Sun. — London, England, 1844-04-09 00:00:00

intrti %bitten SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. STANDARD. The Three per Cent. Consols were yesterday at par. One hundred pounds in stock selling for one hundred gold sovereigns. This marks an epoch in our history which suggests many im portant reflections. Ninety-five years have passed since public credit occupied the same proud posi tion ; the Three per Cent. Stock has not been at par since 1749, and in 1749 the public debt was little more than one-tenth of its present amount — namely, about seventy-eight millions sterling. The in crease of the debt were but an equivocal proof of the increase of the wealth, even of those to whom the debt is due, and the reverse of a-proof of the increased wealth of those by whom it is due, were it depreciated in value ; but rising as it rises in price,. it affords a gratifying demonstration of the enormously aug mented affluence of both. The nation is now be lieved—and the belief is all in such a case — as well able to meet engagements of 750 millions, as it was believed able to meet 78 millions of engagements in 1749. As regards the stock holders, therefore, the capitalists in the country have multiplied nearly tenfold in value in the 95 years; and the wealth of their debtors must have increased at least tenfold also; but this is not an adequate view of the subject. The improvement in the price of stock is not the work of 95 years ; it has been effected, and in a far greater degree, in just half the period. At the commencement of 1798, the price of the Three per Cents. was 47, less than half the price at par, the present price ; many millions of the stock, now worth its full price, was then, and for several years before and after, bought at half, or less than half, the price that it would now bring. And at that time the public debt—the amount, in fact, of stock in the market—was little more than half what it is at present, confining the market even to the public stock ; not one-third, if we add the various other stocks on sale—all as it were bidding higher prices against the public stock. In the year 1798, then, the market offering certainly less than one-half the present amount of securities of all kinds, more than one half, in fact not one-half, the present price could be obtained for the best among them. It is true that 1798 was a year of slarm. The French war was at the time at its . height ; and the rebellion in Ireland, which the lately convicted conspirators • have been labouring tb repeat, was impending ; but the state of the stock market for years before and after 1798 prove that the effect of the immediate.alarm was not very considerable. The • money was want ing ; the State wanted to borrow more than the people had to lend. The people are now, however, able to pay twofold what they borrowed . 50 years ago. Whoever lent the public 5001 . in 1798 has had six 'per cent. for his money for 46 years, and rnsy now receive 1,000/. This is to support public r dit, and public credit is strength and safety. But credit is not strength and safety only. The example which it has been our business to note this dad.—the example of a nation whose securities stand at par, after such augmentations of her debt, and such dangers and difficulties as Great Britain has had to struggle with during the last half century, this exam ple is a means of economy no less than of strength and safety. In no possible adverse conjecture can Great Britain ever again have to borrow at such a disadvantage as in 1798. A Whig Government could do much; a Whig Government, in fact, not only checked the upward progress of the public securities, but even reduced the Three per Cents. from 92 to 88, in the. 11 years between 1830 and 1841 ; but we may almost defy a Whig Govern ment even to reduce the price of securities again much below 90. The ground has been made good so far ; the capital is in the country, and, what is not less important, is shown to be in the country. It must be employed, and this we must all have learned, both. by experience and by the discussions of the last Am: years, that capital not only grows faster than the population, but much faster than the means of profit ably employing it can grow, do all that we can by industry and enterprise.. This opens a view as to the future—hitherto we have referred chiefly to the past. The Three per Cent. Consols have risen to par from 88, during less than three years of Sir Robert Peel's Administration ; and what is to be above all things remembered, .they have risen concurrently with a prodigious outlay in railroads and other specula tions absorbent ,of wealth, and with a very great improvement in commercial industry and enter prise, as the financial returns attest. Will the price rest permanently at par ? We ask will the price seat permanently at par, because. we can imagine many reasons that will operate to suspend the upward progress for a season. But upon what ground is it to be assumed that the elastic move ment which has raised the public securities 12 per cent. in less than three years, will not continue its force beyond the present point? We confess that we can 'find no such ground Capital. will continue to increase beyond the means of employing it, so long as the commerce and manufactures of the country shall prosper; public credit, if capable of improvement, will continue to improve, and the time may thus he brought on when men, unable to obtain two per cent. upon any other secure investment of money, will gladly take two- and-a-half or even • two-and• a-quarter, through the purchase of public-stock. It is thus that the " Eight hundred millions inscribed on the wall," so much an object of terror a few years ago will be effaced, or regarded as an object of indifference. Twenty years more of European peace and of moral improvement at home would effect it all, and what are twenty years in the life of a nation? Our readers will scarcely think these reflections out of place when they consider the occasion of them. GLOBE.—It is no part of our duty to settle the relative value of the Standard's "authorised," and " unauthorised," communications. Whether the latter or the former be most deserving of credence, or whether they be alike worthless, may be safely left to the discernment of the public, aided by the experience which our Contemporary has supplied in the frequent detections and exposures of his most confidently-affirmed and reiterated statements. The position which the Standard occupies with reference to the National Board of Education in Ire land—the Irish clergy—and Sir Bobert Peel, is evi dently one of .considerable embarrassment. It has been • positively and repeatedly affirmed, and is isenerally believed, in Ireland, that , Sir Robert Peel - , has intimated that preferment will be, in future, withheld :froth such of • the Irish clergy as persist in opposing and counteracting the eperations of the. national system of education in that country: The Standard positively affirmed, with a 1 the confidence .of authority, that there was not a single word of - truth 'in this statement. It now admits that the contradiction, thus positively given, was not supplied by authority ; but still persists in its truth. In the meanwhile the aspect of affairs in Ireland tends to confirm the belief that some s tell determination hes 'been come to by the Go vernment, and an explicit 'intimation thereof been made to those whom it specially concerns to ! comply with it. The Parliamentary grant to the Educational Board in Ireland is increased ;'and the allowance from the Ecclesiastical Commission to the palish clerks who act as schoolmasters in the schools, 'et up by the clergy in opposition to the Gcvernment schools, is' withdrawn. But what is more remarkable, as confirmatory of the report which is reiterated by. the Dublin Mail—the recognised, and generally ac e tuately informed, organ of the Ultra- Protestant party in Ireland, with which journal the statement originated—is, that the Government organ (the Dublin Packet) has, ever since the report was published, em. played its most persuasive powers to en acquies , . uence by the clergy with the supposed ,determination of the Government to maintain and extend the Na tional System of Education. " A crisis has arrived in the affairs of the Church. The time has come when longer opposition ,to the National Schools will be not only useless, but mischievous. Make a virtue of necessity; and submit with a good trace to that . which, if an evil, is inevitable.' This, in substance, and almost in words, is the advice which the 'leading journal of the Irish Government addresses to, and urges upon, the truculent' clergy with reference to the system of pepular education they have endeavoured to counter— . act and destroy. In the last number of the Packet ts hich has reached this country, we find the same sobject discussed, and compliance with • the Go vernment views and purposes enforced, with increased earnestness.. A few sentences will illustrate the al tered state of circumstances which the Irish organ of the Ministry endeavours to impress on the clergy of the Established Church in Ireland : • " Often as the subject of National Education has at , Erected the public mind, never was such engrossing in t ; rest fixed upon it as at the present moment. We are deeply convinced that there is a critical turning point now, and that the welfare of the Church of Ireland very much depends upon the manner in which she guides her elf at this nice and difficult juncture. We are anxious, therefore, fearlessly to discharge our duty as public monitors, and to otler such practcal suggestions as flew from our own most careful consideration' sf this mo mentous question." "It is seldom," says the wily inculcator of sub svission to the will of the powers that be—" it is seldom, alas ! that a public man can act merely on abstract principles of what is best, per se. One point 3 IST w SCOTTISH COMPANIES' PRICES. I s fixed —that Government will continue the APRIL 1, 1844, i National Board. All sides seem to agree on that. per rent irit of Scogland ' per , t 7. 1 Bank 16 91 Thtir resolution seems to gain force and fixedness." erer vent. D i. 'tish Linen Letnpny per C o n.Verciai B an k 222 Wen, and what then ?Do systems change their v er cent. 01.1;2.'0 Union Bank cept. Wester*? Bank:. .... Z 1 24 " nature from evil to good as political parties rise and _ policy which was fraught with mischief 74 tall ? Does the . cent. Central Pe:. of Scotland 38 ipty cent. Caledonitonsinsurance vet con L Hercules Drstiance •'". 10 00 24 to the interests of Protestantism, when 'administered to o o 1)y a Whig Government, become the source of blessing Pi, - -er cent. North Brit.. Doance 10 0 0 2 1 . , cent. insurance Co of L , cotL vr.cent. Edinburgh Lite imam —io when acted upon by a Conservative Administration ?. -- 12 10 0 17% Let us ponder well the suggestions of the Government scotush union Incur 10 0 1 CL : wi t. Standard Life Incur 2lO 0 4% -.tribe, who advises the most sturdy of the clerical op ; I , e , lent. Dalkelth Fylwair 1) ( 0 ) t o ) e 5 portents of the National Board to consider their ways .„ p et feat. Eden, and talc. di Green ait 25 0 0 is and be wise :- 14 4 Arc ye t l u as je l e . and Ara Rail. 1 —. 2.5 4 0 • " But, perhaps, some will cry out shame ",What • SUN OFFICE, Seven o' Clock. PRICES OF SHARES IN • 'ANALS, RAILWAYS, BANKS, ASSURANCE AND OTHER COMPANIES' STOCK.. oewidend I.*r LONDON, TUESDAY, APRIL 9. Amount Name. of COZZI.. I of pantos. I Share. Annum. t per cent. • 41. Paid. Price. Canals. 1. £ a. d. s. Ashton and Oldham... i 97 18 0 Ashby..de-la-Zouch-av 113 0 0 Basingstoke ... 0 0 Bzecknock & • Abe . rgar. 150 00' Birmingham,l-16thsh. 915 0 Do. and Liverp. Jut.c. . 100 0 0 100 0 0 Chelmer & Blackwator 100 0 0 Coventry 0..160 ..... 100 ( 0 Crorn ford lOO 0 0 Dr.,lley ... Derhy........ . .... 100 0 0 D rube and Mayne... . . 41 13 4 41 13 4 Ellesmere and Chetter i 13 1 0 Erewash ..- • 100 0 Forth and 100 6 0 leo o 0 Grand Junction lOO 0' 0% Grand Union lOO 0 .0 Grand Surrey lOO 0 0 Grand Western."... 100 0 0 Glamorgansh., ay. cosi. 1'72 13 4 , Gloucester & Berkeley 100 0 0. , Grantham. ........ 150 0 0 Hudder5t1e7!...........av WI - 6 6 Kenner r..id Avon ...av 30 16 Id Lancaster .* 47 6 8 Leeds and Liverpool... 100 0 0 Leicester - Leicester & Northamp B3 10 0 Loughborough ....ay 142 17 0 Monmouthshire lOO 0 0 Montgomeryshire lOO 0 0 Melton Mowbray 100 0 0 Mersey and Irwell lOO 0 0 Macclesfield ..... 100 0 0 Neath lOO 0 0 I ()Mord lOO 0 0 Peak Forest av 78 0 Regent's (or London).. 33 10 8 Rocndale as 85 0 0 Shropshire Somerset Coal. l5O 0 • Do. Lock Fund Stock 12 10 0 Staffordand Worcester 140 0 0 125 0 0 Stourbridge .. 146 0 0 Sttatford.on:Avon...av 79 9 8 Swansea." .... 100 0 0 Severn & Wye & Rail. 26 9 3 Trent & Mersey, 1 4 sh. 50 0 0 Thames & Mettway..av 19 5 8 Warwick and Birming. 100 0 0 Warwick and Napton lOO 0 0 W,rcester & Binning. 78 8 0 Wilts and Barks av 87 10 Wisbeach lO5 0 0 Wey and Arun llO 0 0 itryst• 411, SI. 1.35. It. ss. ... $3/ 126.8 d. la+. 10s. :441. 171. 11. LA. 6 el c tad . 28 5L ID& IM. Z2l. 100. Los. 11 44 ' 51 it cent. pee cent. 4 per ctn... 4 t er cent. Docks. Commercial East and West India London Ditto Bonds Bristol ....... Do.Bnds,var. amounts St. Katharine Ditto Ditto Bonds Southampton r ceut , per cent. pes cent. 4 per cent. 4 pet cent. 100 0 0 Stock Stock 147 9 0 Stock A P=r cent. 18e. Id. per cent. le. 50 0 0 50 0 0 3i lOs. 4 percent. d per cent. .;;per cent. I M-k.d. Pr sh 63 2 8 ss. 4 w 73. per 'share per cent. 31. 100 - 0 0 5 per cent./ ei bds. per cent. per cent. ..$ per cent. cent. cent. 1 o I 100 0 0 70 10 3 500 0 0 25 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 o 125000 ;250 0 0 5000 100 0 0 10000 E 6 0 0 1000 o 0 20 0 0 20 0 • 20 0 0 Stock 100 0 0 25 0 0 25 0 0 500 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 25 0 0 20 0 0 50 0 0 20 0 0 100 0 5 0 is Stock 100 0 0 100 0 0 20u 0 0 40 0 o 50 0 g 1011 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 100 0 0 10 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 28 0 0 59 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 .... All paid 20 0 0 4$ 0 0 20 0 0 77 10 0 50 0 0 20 0 0 20 0 0 2000 100 0 0 100 0 0 75 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 30 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 s') 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 23 0 0 100 0 0 41 13 4 100 0 0 30 0 0 100 0 0 03 12 9 100 0 0 100 0 0 1 100 0 0 1100 0 0 I 00 0 0 ; 1 00 0 e 25 0 0 50 0 0 12 10 ,100 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 20 0 0 50 0 0 1100 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 10 0 0 RS 13 4 12 15 4 100 0 0 1& 314 I/185 14 1200 155 100 117 360 365 L 0214 41 24U 62 120 140 32 0 0 41 6 10 13 15 9 100 0 0 Sono '7O 0 0 100 0 0 2 0 0 22 0 0 o e 1.0 0 1 , 0 0 0 30 0 0 70 0 SO 0 40 0 50 0 1 r 51) 0 11 20 0 is 100 0 0 50 0 0 25 0 0 50 0 0 23 0 5% 172 122 5 0 0 15 U 0 100 0 0 7 0 100 0 100 0 40 0 45 0 15 0 20 0 100 0 I , 50 0 25 0 50 0 1 25 0 150 - 0 0 : 38 108 35 0 0 2$ 0 0 2000 100 0 0 20 0 0 31 0 13 10 0 140 0 t, 25 0 ( 150 0 0 c.s. J I IQ+• v ,VJ per cent. .i t u per sh. 0 0 55 0 20 0 50 0 10 0 t 0 25 0 1.34 et 6h. 00 `4O 0 73 0 0 100 0 0 25 0 0 21 0 0 23 0 0 13 0 0 75 0 0 7 10 0 7 10 0 40 0 0 13 0 0 55 0 0 20 0 0 10 10 0 3 0 0 .5 0 0 0 7 0 0 - 130 o it 0 3 40 0 0 72% 18% 5N 16 i 210 0 - 100 0 0 100 0 0 ii% 131( 5% 400 11.136. 1441 48 632 IF6 16 16 2 409 1198. 170 205 12% lbi 413 41% 13i 22 20 24 120 91 36 22 1 % SS 207 SI 56 60 124 654 23:3 119% 11034 55 1 .1 4151 11% 65' 3 5 236 26% 57 V a 25 265 34 54 31 1 4 121 4 . 4 fy l• 134 20 31 6 10 5% 118 10 0 6 13; 30 0 0 2.1 35 10 0 11% 7210 0 41 lot 3 o o 14 0 0! 27 1 4 I 1 10 3 'fin 2 0 0 4 75 0 )6 25 0 0 4 50 0 0j 50 0 0 51 100 7 0 1 100 - 0 0 104 25 0 0 1 20 0 0 50 0 o.i. 50-. 0 0 , 20 0 0 20 0 0 4 10 0 0 100 0 0 50 0 0 100 0 0 100 0 0 15 0 0 5 I) 0 5 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 u4+. _u 1.5 g. g 1741 cut. L. yet Cl nt. per mit. 80. e.ndi WI. im r Cent. "1" t cent. 4m, pet cent 4p..1. gnat Cs. Mridges Hammersinltli Southwark, new Subs Ditto New of 7 pr c Waterloo Ditto Old Ann. of 81, Ditto New ditto of 71 Ditto Bonds 1 Vauzba11.................av Assurances. Albien ...... ....... A;treti Life Alliznce Brit. and For Ditto Marine Atlas Birmingham Fire British Fire British Commercial Cler. Med. & Gen. Life County Eagle Economic Life ...... ..... European Life Ditto New Freemasons Globe Guardian Hope Life Ditto Fire.......... . . Imperial Fi - e Ditto Life.... Indemnity Marine Law Life .... . ~. Legal and Gen e r al London Fire...... Ditto Ship ..... - National Loan Fun' P4l:dium Life .. :.. Protector Life Provident 4 . Rock Life 5 per cent. yal Exchange per cent. Sun Fire I/. 44, Ditto 3 pe ce n Uiversity Life percent Universal Life 5/, Union Fire and Lite Joint Stk Banks Australasi ......... Ditto New Brit. North American Commercial of L. tt on Colonial • London & Westininstr Ditto New )2 per cent. Os. 4.41. & bd 1. Ir. 51s. 10s. 194. 5 per cent. gperecnt. per cent. J. ss. * pet Lent. per cent. b per emit. per cent. C. per cent. per cent. Lon , lon Joint Stock..- 6 percent. Provincial of per cent. Ditto New 6 per cent. National of Ireland Ins per share Nat. Provincial Engin(' pis. per share Ditto New Gloucestershire..., 14 per cent. Union of Australia ps,r cent- Union of London Gaslight &. Coke lft4. Bath 11. 53 British 1/. 7s. Ditto Ai. and bs. Birmingham 4 , 41..ud bs. sirrnjrg. & Staftbrilsh Li per cent. Bristol ►cent. Brighton ••..... 0000000000 • Ditto General /. j City of Locdon Ditto New . sb y Continental Coin. lid It' , pet sit Ditto New Equitable 6 per cent. Imperial 3 1. , :r cent. I sle of Thndent anet ro per Phoeni cent. Ile o 1 's pt. r cent Itatcliff* 4.) per cent. South Metropolitan per cant. United General ..... 3/. Wes tmins. Chartered No. DittO New • Water Works Birmingham fast London Grand Junction. av Kent . 21, 103. sw Riv Lon. Bridg An. Manchester and Salford Vauxhall, late S. Lond. West Middlesex av Irk Buldg Co. Les. Prop Iron Railways. Birmingham & Derby Binning- & Gloucester Bristol and Exeter Cheltenhm & Gt. West Clarence ...... Ist; per sh. Eastern Countie4.,„„„, Sa. entity Edinburgh & Glasgow ';'s led per sh Ditto New. ...... per cent o r a,,d ...„ sAS, per cent. G r eat:Yorth of Englild "31. Ss per sh Gre .t W:gterti per sh. Ditto Half Shares IN. per sh. Ditto Fifths ...........••• t l per cent. .Hull and Selby . ..... Leedi and Selhv yM iler cent. Liverpool & Manciostr JO el' cent. Ditto Half. Shares JO pat cent. Ditto Quarter -Shares 1%1. per sh London and Brighton Ditto Loan Notes London and DI .ckwall London and Greenwich London and BIT mhigh. Ditto Quarter -Snares .11. 14s. Ditto Thirds. .. Ns.- share London and S. "Ar . esle . r . Western 3.4 d ror sh Loudon and Croydon._ "U, pr sh MancliestAr and Leeds 49s ;sir sh Ditto New Shares 14 ; Manchatr and Binning j Ditto Extension. Con ties North Midland Do.', .Sh., iss. dis Norshern and Eastan Ditto Scrip, iss.sl. ills Paris and Rouen Stoekt n k Darlington South East. and Dover Ditto Netuiss. 45dis. York anti N. Midland llitto New Shares Mimes. Albi n Copper i.N.. ICy . ; figirr cent. ;t. 144 10s. pa lb 14 la. I 4 per cent 9!109. 401. - 17 r eh. It - 10 i. it. J. 15*. a. 11#. 10J. per cent. {le' cent. lc', er cent. JO percent. i Alien Anvto Mex., iss.sl. p.m I Ditto Subscription , Bo lanos Ditt Scrip Brazil. Imp. iss. 51. p.m Do. Mocaub. & Coc. U. I Do. St. John Del Rey WIWI) Iron Candonga. Ditto Registered Cobre Copper Copiapo Columbian, isa. 51. p.m lieneral Mining ..... Ilibernian Imperial Slate Compy Mexican Mining Co. of Real del Monte, Unrrg. Ditto Loan Notes ,1111 yin !ley Iron Nantiago de Cuba United Mex., iss.2/. i Wit° Scrip Ditto New Scrip i Zit erary. Londn,withSin.Tlcket ('London University Rune!' King'. C011ege.......... Miscellaneous. Anglo Mexican Mint.. Australian Agricultur. Brit. Auicrican Land,.. Canada .......... Upper Canada Bonds... c o pper Miners' Comp. Gen. Steam Navigation Iberian Mercantile Co. Iritto 'Property Met. Wood Pay., isa. Mex. and S. American New Brunswick Land, New Zealand ..... Penins. & Orien. Steam Royal Mail Steam ' Reversionary Int. Soc South Australian Thames Tunnel...». Van Diemen's Land si. Gd. 60 0 0 40 0 0 50 0 0 5 0 0 11 0 0 5 0 0 5 0 0 55 0 0 50 0 0 '5 0 0 2 10 0 10 0 0 - 5 0 0 250 0 0 All paid 2 0 0 3 0 0 36 10 0 2 10 0 2 10 ( 50 0 o 10 0 0 5 13 0 10 0 0 2 0 0 12 10 0 12 10 0 2 10 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 10 0 0 10 0 0 5- 0 0 6 5 0 20 0 0 40 0 0 40 0 0 5J 0 0 200 0 0 25 0 0 20 0 0 20 0 0 10 0 0 7 10 0 25 0 0 10 0 • 17 10 0 35 0 0 10 0 9 10 (1 6 2.5 0 0 10 0 0 16 0 0 18 i 0 19 0 0 .50 0 0 20 0 0 100 0 75 0 0 31 5 0 r.O 0 0 50 0 0 50 0 0 2000 30 0 0 39 0 0 80 0 0 2.) 0 0 13 0 0 10 7 0 25 9, 0 TIIE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, APRIL 9, 1844. are we to change our principles because a Tory Govern ment is in power ? Are we to veer about like weather cocks with the Ministerial gale, and call that right under the guidance of Peel which we protested against under Melbourne ?' All this is very tine in the way of clap-trap eloquence, and will go down with many as irresistible argumentation. But let declamation sleep for a moment, while reason speaks. Of course, prin ciple cannot change with, or be the least affected the ruling Ministers ; but practical conduct must and ought to admit of modifications from such considera tions. . . • • • • • . • • What was politic and wise then (under the Whigs) is not so now. Every motive of prudence loudly suggests that it is only common sense to endeavour to make the best use of an institution, now that it is impossible to alter or suppress it, which it would have been most in expedient and impolitic to take any part in, as long as holding off seemed likely to produce such effects." Such is the advice which the Government, by the mouth of its servant, the Dublin Packet, addresses to the clerical opponents of the National Board of Edu cation. Is it not passing strange—assuming that there has been no change of purpose, from infirmity to de cision on the part of the Government in this matter — that simultaneous with a statement that a decisive, course was henceforth to be adopted—which statement had nofoundation in fact—there should be all this waste of argument by the Government organ to recon cile the clergy to a state of things which had really no existence ? On the supposition that the Govern ment means henceforth to give efficiency to its own system of education in Ireland, by removing obstacles which have hitherto retarded and counteracted its success, all is plain. On the contrary hypothesis, everything is confused and contradictory. Will the Standard undertake to reconcile the discrepancies. In the meantime, the-High Churchmen in this coun try see, in the ecclesiastical measures of Sir Robert Peel, everything to alarm their fears. The system of exclusive privileges, civil and religious, of which they are by education and habit the advocates , they con sider as perilled by his policy. The Church and State Gazette has for several weeks poured forth its anathemas on the Government, and especially on Sir Robert Peel. In consistency with the distrust of the Premier which that influential organ of the Ultras in this country has long inculcated, upon all who desire to preserve , Protestantism in both countries from threatened ex tirpation, w e find in its leading articles of Saturday last, the tocsin of alarm sounded in the loudest notes. In one article we read :—" The Church, the House of Lords, the Monarchy, must all abide the furious trial. They may yet be saved ; but not by the policy adopted by Sir R. Peel. That is certain de struction to all ! Under it the House of Commons will become omnipotent, and, as in times past, will break down and trample upon the other forms of the Constitution." rHE, LONDON GAZETTE. (THIS EVENING.) FORFIGN-OFFICE, APRIL 9. The Queen has been graciously pleased to appoint Patrick Walker, Esq., to be her Majesty's Agent and Consul-General in the Mosquito te-ritory. The Queen has also been graciously pleased to appoint John Lindegren, Esq., to be her Majesty's Consul in the island of Porto Rico. Commission by the Lord Lieutenant of Hertfordshire. Herts Yeomanry Cavalry, Cashio Troop--Cornet J. Branton to be Lieutenant, vice Oddie, resigned ; T. Kin der, Gent., to be Cornet, vice Branton, promoted, March 20. The Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury having certified to the Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt, in pursuance of the Act, 10th George IV., e. 27, sec. 1, that the actual surplus revenue iif the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, beyond the actual expenditure thereof, for the year ended the sth day of January, 1844, amounted to 'the sum .of one million four hundred and forty-three thousand- three hundred and two pounds, eighteen shillings, and eightpence halfpenny ; The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt hereby give notice, that the sum of three hundred and sixty thousand eight hun dred. and twenty-five .pounds, fourteen shillings, and eight pence (being one-fourth part of the said sur plus of one million four ,hundred and forty-three thou sand three hundred and two pounds; eighteen shillings, and eight pence half-penny) will be applied, under the provisions'of the said Act, between the 7th day of April. 1844, and the sth day of July, 1844, to the following purposes,. viz.:— £. s. d. To be applied to the purchase of Stock 60,825 14 8 To be applied to .the purchase of Ex -chequer-bills, made out in pursuance . of the Act of 57th Geo. 111., cap 48 ... 300,000 0 0 360,825 14 8 Add interest receivable on account of donations and bequests, to be applied to the purchase of Stock 999 10 9 £361,825 5 5 S. HIGHAM, Comptroller General. National Debt Office, April 2, 1844. NOTICE OF INSOLVENCY. RICHARD MARKS, victualler, Union-street, South wark. BANKRUPTS. JOHN POWELL, jun., scrivener, Quadrant, Middle sex, to surrender April 17, at two, and May 22, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Smith, Bedford row. THOMAS - WALKER and JOHN WALKER, up holsterers, York-road, Lambeth, April 2:3, at one, and May 21, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Ed • wards, official assignee, Freth rack's-place, Old Jewry ; Rush, Austin-friars. NENIAN PROCTER, tanner, Meanwood, Yorkshire, April 20 and May 11, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Fearne, official assignee, Leeds ; Bond, Leeds. THOMAS PEARCE, miller, Meaford, Staffordshire, April 17, at half-past eleven, and May 14, at eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official assignee, Birmingham ; Wood, BUrslem. NOTICES OF INSOLVENCY. G. Standley, plumber Northampton. 11. Johnson, butcher;Liverpool. W. Linscott, turner, Exeter. J. Cock, labourer, Somersetshire. J. Betties, shoe-maker, Robert-street, Chelse3. G. Seymonr,brewer, Brighton. J. Hargreaves, shoe-maker, Blackburn, Lancashire. S. Jacobs, commission agent,. Great Union-street, Borough-road. J. R. Torboek, clerk, George-yard, Cripplegate. S. R. Woollett, blacking-manufacturer, %%Tool% ieli. J. A. Blow, captain R.N., Wilmot-sq., Bethnal-green-r& W. F. l'erry, Poslingford, Suffolk. W. Austwick, farmer, Monk Fryston, - Yorlishire. W. Cali rt, tailor, Worthing. • F. 'Morton, knife manufacturer, Sheeld. N. Banes, licensed victualler, .Bath. -J. J. Cafley, silk-weaver, Denes, Norfolk. W. Gaiter, pig jobber, Artillz ry -row, St. John's,Westrnr. G. Heffill, tailor, Chenies-street, Bedford-square. G. Shulden, farmer, Herne Bay. IL Haworth, labourer, Bacup, Lancashire. J. Rust, watchmaker, Ladbrook-grove, Notting-hill. • .J. Davison, boarding-house keeper, Liverpool. R. Dinham, , farmer, Tiverton, Devonshire. • • J. Johnson,. heer 7 seller, Birmingham. E. Gater, dressmaker, Oxford. I. Cohen, jeweller, Hastings. Channon, porter, Exeter. J. Larkin, hatter, Ratcliffe-highway. J. Bee, printer, Tickhill, Yorkshire. W. Pugh, grocer, Wednesbury, Staffordshire. T. HartshOrn, beer retailer, Porki Bello, Staftbrdshire. W. Mardon; piano forte manufacturer, Great Portland.' street, Cavendish-square. M. Hayne, Weston-super-Mare, Somersetshire. W. Diekin, land surveyor, Chorlton-upon-Medloek, Lar.- cashi re. • , F. Whitehead, mail-cart driver, Long Melford, Suffolk. W. White, carrier's agent, Sheffield. E. M. Buxton, lodging-housekeeper, Newington. W. G. Stanaway, coach painter, Hammersmith. J. Burree, market gardener, Hale-street, Poplar. J. Metric ws, tallow chandler, King-street, Hammersmith. SECOND NOTICES. H. linight, Maidstone, April 15, at eleven, at the: Court of Bankrpptcy - . Turquand, official assignee. J. lime, tailor, Union street, Middlesex hospital, ‘ April 15, at half- past eleven, at the Court of Banktuptcy. Turquand, official assignee. J. Fryer, tobacconist, Cuckhill, Ratcliff, April 17, at' half-past elolen, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Johnson,' Official assignee. J. Butt, farmer, Harescombe, G'mucester:hire, April 16, at half-past eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Hutton, official `assignee. E. Bird, attorney, Henstredge, Somersetshire, April 12, at one, at the Bristol District Court. Kynaston, official assignde. W. Dobson!, flour dealer, Leeds, April 13, at eleven,. at the Leeds! District Court. Hope, official assignee, Leeds. J. Harrison, labourer; Thirlby, Yorkshire, April 13, at eleven, at' the 'Leeds District Court. Hope, official assignee. G. Hewitt; labourer, Sheffield, April 13, at &even, it the Leeds District:Court. Fearne, official assignee. J. Shepherd, shoe-maker, Huddersfield, April 13, at eleven, at, the Leeds District Court. Fearne, official asignee. • J. Addey, joiner, April 13, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Fearne, official assignee. J. Shaw, fancy manufacturer, Kirkburton, York• shire, April 13, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Fearne, official assignee. J. Griffiths,' miller, Wednesbury, Staffordshire, April 15, at eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Whit more, official assignee. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the 'Landoll New Price Current of April 9.) SUGAR.—There has been more activity in the home consumption Sugar market, and prices have assumed an upward tendency for all descriptions ; fov West India' the prices paid were 6 a above those previously quoted for common yellow and brown, and is per cwt higher fur bright yellow and strong refining sorts. REFINED.—To day Refined Goods brought higher rates, brown grocery lumps selling at 763, and standard lumps 775, per cwt. Bonded Crushed Sugar much wanted, and is not to be procured under 26s per cwt. MAURITIUS.— , .A good demand has sprung up for alt descriptions, and prices have advanced 1; to Is 6d per cwt. To-day some parcels were sold privately at rather higher rates, low to middling yellow 59s to 645, good-to fine 65s to 6Ss, and brown 56s to 58s 6d per cwt. EAST INDIA.—For some parcels of Madras full rates given by private treaty. Java has been•more in request privately. Manilla yellow at 18s 6d to 20s, and brown 17s to 18s per cwt. To-day several purchases were made privately in Bengal, and prices are looking up ; common white 62s to 625• 6d, middling 63s to 645, good to fine 65s to 68s per cwt. FOREIGN.—Since our last report, the market has pre sented a firm appearance for all descriptions of Foreign Sugar, and none has been brought to public sale; a good disposition has been shewn to purchase yellow liavannah, but holders asking higher prices, business has been re striced. This afternoon, several inquiries existed for Foreign Sugar, and a floating cargo of Bahia was sold for the Baltic, at 19s for brown, and 22s 9d per cwt for white. _ _ MOLASSES.—For West India rather lower rates ac cepted. Trinidap at 25s 6d, Antigua, 27s 6d, Demerara' 255, and ,imported indirect 24s to 24s 6d per cwt for good quality. Bengal Molasses at 15s to 17s per cwt. Fine Honey has brought full rates, but inferior is cheaper. COFFEE. --There bas been little desire shown to pur chase West India Coffee since Tuesday last; clean quali ties of which the supply is still scanty have maintained the former value, but for unclean kinds prices have given way.. To-day the market for all descriptions of Coffee was in a fiat state, and prices are still going down for Ceylon ; good ord. selling at 58s to 59s per cwt ; the large quantity to arrive cause the trade to operaie with much caution. Cocoa.—lmporters of West India have refused to fur ther give way in price, but the demand has been limited privately, and 329 bags of Trinidad at auction only partly sold ; low red at 48s to 495, middling 50s 6d to 51s, and 45s to 46s per cwt for sea damaged. Of Foreign some parcels sold privately at 28s 6d to 29s 6d per cwt ; holders show firmness, and none has been brought to public sale. TEA.—Since Tuesday last the market has presented a firm appearance for all descriptions of Tea, purchases to a fair extent have been made in black and green, and full rates paid. Common Conou, cash, has fetched ls, good common is id to is id, Twankay, ordinary Is 2d to is 3d, and Hy son common 2s 2d to 2a 4d per lb. To-day several parcels of Tea were dispose,l of, and the rates paid show a slight advance on those of the last public sales for the lower kinds ; common and good sound common Congou, cash, sold at Is Old to is per lb. RICE.—The fine weather and the late dull state of the Wheat market, operates against the demand for Bengal Rice : few purchases made privately, and prices are looking down, mid white selling at lls 3d to lls 6d, and good 12s per cwt : none has been submitted to public competition. For Java the demand has been ctily for small parcels at lOs to 10s 6d for mid. and Ils to Ils 6d for good mid white, being rather cheaper. Madras has been taken sparingly at 9s to 9s 6d per cwt for yellow. In Patna the, operations are upon a small scale only at 14s 6d to 18s, and Carolina has been taken sparingly at 21s to 26s per cwt. To-day 1,000 bags Madras Rice was sold privately at 9s per cwt for yellow. SA.oo.—Prices are still looking down for this article, the demand being' limited and supply large; ordinary 13s to 14s, middling 15s to 16s, and good to fine 16s to 20s per cwt. Sago Flour is scarce, and 21s to 22s per . cwt paid. To-day some parcels of common Pearl Sago were sold privately at 15s per cwt. RUN, BRANDY AND HOLLANDS.—Jamaica Rum at stiff rates, 30 to 32 per cent overproof has fetched as 6d to 3s 7d, 33 to 37 over 3s 8d to 3s 11d, fine 4s to 4s 6d, and superior rather high flavoured 5s to 6s per gallon. Demerara 37 per cent overproof. Leewards 2s 2d to 2s 21d paid for proof. Calcutta Rum at Is lld proof, with certificate, for Brandy _holders display firmness.—Cognac, best brandies the vintage of 1838, hhds 5s I ld, puns 5s 9d ; 183Eq i hhcls 5s 9d, puns 5s 7d ; 1840, hhds 5s 7d, puns 5s 5d ; 1841, hlids 5s 6d, puns 55 4d ; 1842, hhds 5s sd, puns ,5s 3d, mid marks 3s 6sl to 4s Bd, and low 2s 10d to 3s 4d. Geneva for exportation at Is 8d to is 9d ; fine pale fit for duty is 2s 2d to 3s per gallon. English Corn Spirits is firm. _ _ INmoo.—There has been a good export demand for East India since Tuesday last ; several purchases have been made by the home trade, and the rates paid show an advance on those of the last quarterly sale of 3d per lb. for all descriptions. OILS.—For Linseed Oil for immediate delivery, prices htve an upward tendency ; 27s to 27s 3d paid for large parcels on the spot. Rape Oil in excellent de mand,: pale selling at 39s to 393 6d, and brown 38s to 38s 6d per cwt. For Olive Oil higher prices again paid, Gallipoli fetching 524 Sicily 50/ to 51/, Spanish 491 to 501, and Barbary 481 to 48/, lOs per tun. Cocoa Nut Oil at 30s to 32s per cwt. Palm 01 at 28s for good, 27s 6d for mid, and 24s to 26s Gd for low ai:d very common quality. Sperm Oil at 761 to 76/ lOs per tun for prime British. T-leadmatter much in request. For common Fish Oils rather lower prices taken for all sorts. Pale Seal at 341 5s to 34/ 10.5; Southern sold at 29110 s to 29/15s, very low dark 271155, and Newfoundland Cod at 33/ 15s to 34/15s per tun. TALLOW.—To - day good business was transacted in P.Y.C. for delivery in the last three, and for the first two months of next near at 42s to 42s 3d ; but on the spot the demand was dull—prices vary from 40s 3d to 41s per cat, according to quality. The accounts front St. Petersburgh state that prices had advanced fur Tal low, and the supply will be less than last season. On Friday, 353 casks of American Tallow will be submitted to pub!ic competition. COURSE OF EXCHI Amsterdam CF 12 6 Ditto, at sight l2 4 Rotterdam 2U. 12 Gi Antwerp 26 0 flamburgh M.B. 14 0 Altona - l4 0 Paris, 3 days' sight... 25 70 Ditto, 3 months ...... 25 95 3larseilles 26 0 Bonrdeaux .. Frankfort on Maine l22i PetersbUrgh, 3 Us— 36i Berlin 7 Vienna, effee. fl. 3 M 957 rieste, ditto Madrid Cadiz • ••` . 36: ilbao 36 Barcelona 36 • Seville LNGE.-(THIS DAY.) Gibraltar — Leghorn 3O 65 Genoa 25 95 Milan — Venice........ Naples ........ ...... . Palermo, per oz ll7 Lisbon Oporto s3t Rio Janeiro 23 Bahia 23 Buenos Ayres — NewYorls.,2ldys sight Philadelphia — PRICES OF BULLION, nut OZ. Foreign Gold, bars 0 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin 3 17 5 New Doubloons OO Of New Dollars 0 4 .94 Silver in Bars 0 4 11i DR. KALLEY AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY IN PORTUGAL. imprisoned at Madeira on Scotch physician, who a%v aclsh:ahlre,giscetaoasefuto,u,fibulDnas,rpi.hlllee(ingaalyllely3a'n, da heresy," and "abetting apostacy, and heresy," has been tried at Lisbon and Funchal. On the 24th Feb., the Judge Conservator at the latter place passed the following sentence :—" Sup posing the British subject, Dr. Kalley, to have dis turbed the public order of this island by preaching nevertheless, the said doctrines opposed to its religion, as is sworn by the preaching an- abuse which degenerates to consideringcrime; this Dr. Kelley, as a Protestant, whi c h h e i g , i s no t punishable, seeing that there does not exist a law to punish in the person of the accused the act charged. I, tlferefore declare the accusation given against the said Dr. Kelley irrelevant, and order him to be held lear of guilt." Baffled on the religious question, Dr. pro secutors, we understand, are going to institute pro ceedings against him as a disturber of the public peace. On the other hand, Dr. Kelley, at the sug gestion of Lord Aberdeen, is about to petition the Government at Lisbon, for compensation for the loss of hiS professional income during his illegal im prisonment. In the course of the proceedings before the tribunal of Rellaqao at Lisbon, the public prosecutor, acting as counsel against Dr. Kalley, gave a very lucid ex position of the existing law of religious liberty in Portugal,. wherein he clearly showed thatrthe supre macy of the Romish Church is no more, but that Portuguese. subjects enjoy the same liberty as Englishmen do in all religious 'natters. He says, " I . do not. .characterise the accusation as bias phemy, nor as heresy, because these crimes . are only considered such when committed by follow ers of the Roman Catholic apostolic religion, and not by those. who, like the appellant, follow' a different . faith, and therefore, being extra eeclesiain, are beyond .all censure civil and ecclesiastical. Nor can I characterise it as apostaCy, because I under stand that the crime of apostasy cease? to exist among us in virtue of Article 145 of the - Constitutional Charter; .in which ample religious liberty is guaran teed to Portuguese citizens in the following terms : No one shall be prosecuted for motives of religion ;' wherein the absolute term no one' excludes all ex ception of persons, and the very broad expression 'for motives of religion' embraces all that relates to the re. ligious creed of every one; and, therefore, if these two citizens apostatised from our religion, though hey did great injury to their.souls, yet they did not commit any civil crime for which they can be pu nished." POLICE IN - tELLIGENCE. (YESTERDAY.) GUILDHALL. Charles Freeman, otherwise Pether, was brought up in the custody of Daniel Forrester for re-examination, charged with uttering, at Messrs. Child's, the banker's, a urged cheque for 55/. 10s. 2d., purporting to be drawn by Mrs.. M•Pherson, of Cadogan-place, whose trustees have an account at the bank, and permit her to draw. The evidence already published was read over, to the effect that the prisoner presented the cheque as the busi mms was closing; that it was paid; after some scruples as to its genuineness, with three 101. notes, a 5/. note, and the rest in cash; that the prisoner changed oue of the 101. notes at a hatter's in the Strand, in payment for three hats; that two of the hats were sent to Mr. Kebble's, N 0.3, Dean-street, Soho, where the prisoner was found by Daniel Forrester on Wednesday night last, the cheque having been uttered on the 12th of March. Daniel Forrestal' now stated that he could carry the ease a little further, by tracing another of the 101. notes to him, and showing that he went to the banker's. Sir P. LAURIE asked the prisoner if any one was de fending him?—The prisoner replied, no. Sir P. LAURIE asked if he meant to employ any per son.—The prisoner said he could not afford to do it. Sir P. LAURIE, asked if he admitted or denied the char ; .e.—The prisoner replied he denied everything, ex cept th at he bought the hats. irP LAURlE,having looked at the cheque, expressed some surprise that it was paid, as there were inaccuracies in the spelling of common words. Mr. Shepherd, the banker's clerk, said there were many such genuine .cheques paid at banking-houses. The imitation of the lady's signature was good. Alexander Austen, a bookbinder, residing in King street, Long-acre, statei that he knew the prisoner, and met him about three weeks ago, about four o'clock, on a Tuesday. He said he was going to take some money, and should not be above five minutes. 'Witness accorn- rallied him to the door of the banking-house close to Temple-bar,' which the prisoner entered. Witness waited for him twenty-five minutes, and then left, act it began to rain. He saw the prisoner again the same evening, and win invited to be one of a small party; he intended to dire at the White Lion, Drury-lane. He accepted the imitation, and dined on the Thursday fol _ • lowing. • Sir PETER LAURIE ees'red him to state who was present. 1. he Witness . --There were Mr. Perry, a journeyman priwer and comic singer;. Mr..Kebble, a picture frame maker; Mr. Willett, a tailor; Mr. Bartlett, a coffee -;ot:se-keeper; and three others whom he did not know. Richard Watson, apprentice to Mr. Kebble, deposed ;,h t he asked the ur:soner about a fortnight ago to lend him a few shillings. The prisoner gave him a 10!. note to get change, and he got it changed at Mr. Rippon's, No. 400, 0A:1-d -street. a licensed victualler. Mr. Rippen identified a note produced by Forrester from the Bank as the one he changed for Watson on the 16th ult., and Mr. Shepherd identified it as one of the notes he paid to the prisoner in cashing the forged cha quo. Mrs. M`Pherson stated that the cheque was not signed by her. The prisoner was in her service for about a year, and left four months ago. She once sent him with a cheque for his'own wages to Child's. A second charge was then entered into. Mr. Frazer, a clerk from Messrs. Child's, proved the payment of a cheque for 351. 16s. 9d., purporting to be drawn by Mrs. M`Pherson en the 19th of February. He did not remember nho received it. He marked the num ben of the notes he paid on the back of the cheque. The 51. note produced was one of them. .nines Hodge, the landlord of the White Lion, Drury lane, stated that he changed the note produced for the Crisuner on the 19th of February, and paid it on the same day to the brewer. He did not know the prisoner at the time, but found he was known to a young man who frequented his house. He made the prisoner write his name and address on the back of the note. Mr. Kebble, of Dean street, said he had known the prisoner from his boyhood. He believed the cheque and the address on the back of the note to be in the pri soner's handwriting. Mrs. M'Pherson proved the cheque was forged. Sir PETER LAURIE inquired of the banker's clerk if the crime of forgery was increasing or diminishing? The witness said it was increasing. The prisoner boldly denied that he ha-1 uttered either of the cheques. Sir PETER LAURIE thought the charge was very clearly made out, and committed the prisoner for trial. WORSHIP-STREET. ROBBERY AT A BROTHEL.—Yesterday Robert Wentlover, a tall thin man, who wore a ;bade over I his eyes, and Thomas Dennis, a short and thick-set man, wearing a smock frock, were placed at the bar before Mr. Broughton, the Magistrate, on suspicion of having been concerned in stealing a valuable gold watch, which was now proved to be the property of Mr. Bennett, a surgeon, resident in Upper Southwick street, Hyde Park. About noon yesterday the prisoner Dennis offered a gold watch in pledge for 51.; at the shop of Mr. Peachy, a pawnbroker, in Goswell-street, stating that he had been sent with it by Mr. Richards, of North ampton-square. Mr. Peachy detained him in order that he might make inquiry, as he suspected the watch to have been stolen, but while-he turned his back the prisone'r ran away, but was pursued and taken back to the shop. He got away again, however, but was again pursued, and after a hard run and much chasing, in the course of which he was lost sight of for a few minutes, he was at last found concealed in a cow-shed, and was given in charge to police-con stable 92 G. He then said the fact was, that he had not been sent to pawn the watch by Mr. Richards, but had it from a man with a shade over his eye, and he mentioned where that person was then to be found. Policeman 142 G, said that he went to the St. John Jerusalem public-house, Jerusalem-square, where he found in the top room the prisoner Wendover, who had a shade over his eyes, and answered the descrip tian which the other prisoner had given. Wendover being told' that he was taken into custody on suspi ei`on of stealing a gold watch, said he would say no thing about it till he got to the station-house, where he made a statement to the sergeant on duty. Sergeant Ellis, who received the charge at the sta tion-house,. said Wendover told him that he had found the watch in Tottenham-court-road, and that he did not know what had become of a gold chain which he admitted was then attached to it. On searching him a knife and case, now prodticed, were found upon him; and also a document, produced, which pur ported to -be the Queen's free pardon from seven years' transportation. Mr. Bennett, the surgeon, now identified the gold watch, and also a knife and case now produced; and stated that on Thursday se'nnight he went to a place in Brook-street with a female, whom he had met in the New-road, and there lost his watch with gold chain, &c., and also his gold pin, silk handkerchief, tooth pick, knife and case, and about 19s. in cash. The prisoner Wendover, who felt his way as he moved as if nearly blind, now repeated that he had found the .patch, and sent his fellow-prisoner to pawn it. He admitted that he had been convicted and trans ported, but afterwards pardoned, as shown in the pro duced document ; but neither he nor the other pri soner would state where they lived. Mr. BROUGHTON remanded them both. . OCCUPATIONS OF THE POPULA TION, ACCORDING TO THE CENSUS OF -1841. That portion of the census which relates to thetoc cupations of the population is only completed as to 27 counties ; those not yet finished being the follow ing thirteen, viz. :—Lancaster, Salop, Somerset, 'Tants, Stafford, Suffolk, Surrey, -Sussex, Warwick, West Moreland, Wilts, Worcester, and York. These 13 counties include the principal manufacturing counties of England—viz., those of Lancashire, York shire, Staffordshire, and -Warwickshire; and there fore it may be presumed,_, that the proportions ex hibited in the other 27 counties will become still more favourable to the manufacturin,g and trading portion of the . People, when these great manutacturing distrietS. are included. The proportion . of the 'various 'classes in 27 counties in - England—viz., Bedford, I3erks ' Bucks, Cambridge, Chester,'Corn wall, Cumberlatid, Devon, Dorset, Derby, rham, Essex, GlonCester, Hereford, Hertford, Huntingdon, Kent; Leicester, Lincoln, Middlesex, Monmouth, Norfolk,. Northampton, Northumberland, Notting ham, Oxford, and Rutlandshire, comprising a popula • tion of 28,048,321 —are as follow ':— Farmers, graziers, yeomen Agricultural labourers 640,222 Persons employed in trade and other occupa tions Persons returned as of independent means Residue of population, consisting of almspeo• pie, pensioners, paupers, beggars, other per sons (of course including females not in trade, and children) ... 4,871,609 Total population The decimal proportions of the different classes may therefore be thus stated : Farmers and agricultural labourer3 8 Persons employed in trade and other occupations Persons of independent means Residue of population per cent. 1 00• per rent A HARD CASE.—It is most probably known to our readers that-in 1830 an order emanated from the Horse Guards okin g that the widow of no officer who had served for:ft . -less period than ten years should be entitled to a pension. It is not our present purpose to discuss the propriety of such an order, so far as it relat6s to the widows of those who have entered the - service as commissioned officers, but we notice the subject with the most sincere wishes th;it the authorities at the Horse Guards will, upon consideration, come to the just and charitable conclusion that the case which we now lay before our readers does not come within the spirit of the order of 1830—a cold int e rpretation may bring it within the letter. The sad case is this:—A gallant soldier served for twenty-eight years in the ranks of the 78th Regiment, for twenty•five of which he was a noncommissioned officer. He rose to the rank of sergeant-major, serving in the West and East Indies, and was at length, through the unaided recommendation of his own merits, promoted to an erisigncy in the 78th Regiment. From that corps he was removed to the 22d Regiment, and served in the late campaign, under Sir Charles Napier, in Sinde, where he fell a victim to that illness which, more than the enemy's fire, thinned our brave army. At the time of his death this officer was acting adjutant to a wit:g of the regiment, and we are assured that had a vacancy occurred, his gallant commander, Colonel Pennefather, who has often spoken of him as one of the best officers and soldiers he ever knew, would have made him adjutant to the regiment. The widow of this old soldier and officer ap plies for the usual pension ; she is met by the order of 1830, and told that she has no claim, inasmuch as her husband had not served his Sovereign as a commissioned officer for 10 years. In the name of common justice, is this the fitting answer to give to the widow of a gallant soldier who, though not promoted to an ensigncy until 1838, had been faithfully serving in every subordinate grade of the profession from 1816? The case of this widow is still further aggravated by the misfortune of her having to maintain two daughters by a former mar riage of her late gallant husband. Most sincerely do we hope that the authorities at the Horse Guards may re consider this case, which is not more distressing than it will be disgraceful to the national honour, should the just claim of the afflicted widow be repulsed by the un feeling interpretation of an order which never contem plated. such a claim.—Observer.. The Earl of Haddington vis i ted Sir James Graham yesterday. THORWALDSEN. The first . efficient patron of this great artist was an Englishman. In the year 1800, Thomas Elope, who had heard of the skill of the young Dani-h sculptor at Rome, ordered fi mil him a copy of his colossal statue of " Jason," in marble, and enabled Bartel Thorvaldsen to remain - and prosecute his studies in the capital of the arts. Thorvaldsen (it is thus be wrote his own name) was born in 1770, during a journey made by his family from Iceland to Copenhagen. His father, Golskalk Thorwaldsen, was a carver of figure-heads for ships, his mother the daughter of a clergyman. The child showed an early disposition for drawing, and was placed by his parents, whose circumstances were narrow, at the Arts Academy of Copenhagen, where he was received without charge. He began early to exercise his skill, it is said, upon the figure heads at which his father laboured, and at which the young Thorvaldsen would work when he carried his dinner to the carver at the wharf. At the academy he gained no prize, however, until 1787, and the gre - at silver medal two years later, when the historical painter, Abiidgaard took a fancy to him, and gave him further instruction in the general principles of art. In 1791, Thorvaldsen gained the small gold medal for his composition of " Heliodorus chased from the Temple," and at the same time the pa tronage of the Minister of State, Count Reventlow. In 1793, his Mezzo-relievo of "Peter healing a Lame Man at the Gates of the Temple," obtained for the younf man the great gold medal and the . three years travelling studentship. But before- he took - advantage of the means thus afforded to him for visiting the wonders of art in the south, he. devoted a couple of years to labour at home, and completed several pieces of sculpture. On the 20th of May, 1796, Thorvaldsen,leftCo penhagen in a Danish ship of war ; but the voyage of the young sculptor was so tedious and dangerous that he did not reach Rome till May, 1797, having passed by Malta, Naple4, and Palermo. The presence of the great works of art which here surrounded him; if they inspired him with energy and emulation; filled him often at the same time with despair ; and stories are told of works which were completed by the young man, and then broken to pieces and thrust aside in a corner of his studio. However others might praise him, he was the last to be contented with himself. His three years' salary was come to an end, and he 'had . -made preparations to return to Denmark, with the clay model of the Jason statue, which he had completed for the academy (after having broken up the first,figure of the natural size), when Mr., Hope ordered the marble of him, and enabled him, by his munificent remuneration, to remain in Rome. It is , to" this timely . patronage that we probably owe much that "has been left us by the greatest of modern masters. Wealth and honour now flowed in upon him. All the great patrons of art throughout Europe were anxions for, works from his hands, and he remained in Rome until the year 1819, occupied with prodigious activity. Raving to make a monument for the Swiss who fell at Paris in 1792 (the wounded Lion), he determined to visit the place where the monument was to be erected, and at the same time to take the opportunity of revisiting his native country. While in Copen h2gen the Government ordered from him statues of the "Saviour," the "Baptist," and the " Twelve Apostles," for the Frauenkirche, then newly built; and it was with these works that he occupied himself, especially on his return to Rome. He returned to Copenhagen finally in 1837, having completed, in the forty-two years of his labour, about two hundred great works and a great number of busts. A series of outlines from rhorvaldsen's works (Stuttgard, 1839), from which the above biographical sketch is taken, mentions the English possessors of some of his principal pieces. Mr. Hope was the pur chaser of the " Jason," the " Psyche," and the " Genius and Art ;" the Duke of Bedford of the has relief of " Briseis ;" Lord Lucan of the famous " Day and Night ;" Lord Ashburton of the " Hebe ;" and Lord P. Eg'etton of the " Ganymede." We have received the following from an eminent sculptor, to whom Thorwaidsen was known, and the detaili.he gives of the character .of the great ,man, of whom he himself is a worthy disciple, and whose in tense loye of art for its own sake, he shares, will be read with interest : ' "Before leaving England, Lady R— took me to ChantrY's studio, that he might glve- me some advice how to. study. A footman opened the door, and Chantry's conversation was all about dukes and royalty.' He never spoke a word to me, but sneered several times at the idea of any one going to Italy to study. " Thr6e . weeks after that, one fine morning saw me knocking at a door in a common stair on the Pincian, hill at Rome, covered with names in chalk, a modes;. adopted by people instead of leaving their cards, on: not finding any one at home. I was fortunate ; and, the artist ,himself opened the door, in a dressing gown, oil and worn, and his long grey hair flowing on his sheulders round a square-shaped head, a broad and rather low forehead, under which shone a pair of the Mildest grey eyes I had ever seen. Bene volence and simplicity marked his character. He carried Xpiece, of clay in one hand; and a modelling stick in-anoth,er. The room I entered, 'upon his cour teously asking us to do so (Wyatt,.the sculptor, was with me), had a plain . tile. floor; the. tables. were covered_ with prints and casts, and the walls were hunq with early pictures of young artists and parts 'of hit- " Triumph of Alexander." He was making a small model in clay of his equestrian statue of " Maximilian of Bavaria." I used the name of Lady 11--, as commissioned to do. He immediately in vited me to call on him whenever I chose, at this, his private studio; 'Enid said that any work I wished to copy in•tlm,collection of his . works I was at liberty to do ; that all that was necessary was to inform the custode of the.studio, and the,work. would be brought out for me; and that, if I no :materials of my own, everything in that shaps-was .at ray service. I lost rio time, and commenced- stklAT of ' Mer cury.' Every day this benevolent, and •• • an d true artist came into the,pTincipal studio about mid day; he would come up to me, Pr4se my work first, and then point out errors, and as the most positive language, take the'modelling tool himself, and by a few strokes inform me of my error, and in a manner which excited in me . the most devotional feeling to this father in art. " This conduct was uniform, and during my resi dence in Rome, - for two years, I never experienced any difference. I had the use of his study whenever I chose ; and whenever I got up a statue at my own place Thorwaldsen ryas ever ready t o come* from the the Piazza Barbarini, to the *Piazza del Popolo, where I was, to give me his advice ; he has come these two miles in a day in July, found me out, written his name on my door with a piece of chalk, and that he would be hack in one hour, as it might be. He would then go off to some other student to . perform a like office, assist in arranging his draperies, and then re turn to me. All this he did for me, and be never expected, and I never paid him one farthing. Similar traits in his character are innumerable, and I believe no artist yet asked his advice that he did' not feel anxious to give it ; he really lived, as I have heard him say au artist ought to do, for art itself. Though simple in his manners, he was the companion of princes, apparently estimating there only as they loved art, and approximated to the artist. The present King of BaVaria was his pupil and friend. The Giar dino di Malta, belonging to his Majesty opposite Thorwaldsen's studio, was itself a studio. Everybody loved Thorwaldsen, and the enthusiasm of his coun trymen, when he returned to Copenhagen, having bequeathed the results of his long life to them, speaks volumes as to theman. " Among his principal works were the model of the Triumph of Alexander, a bas relief, 140 feet long and 3 feet high, conceived and executed in throe months, Thorwaldsen having volunteered to execute it for Napoleon's residence, the Pope's Palace, on the Quirinal, showing the most masterly modelling ever seen. His Mercury slaying Argus is unrivalled, and among a collection of the -antique appears where it ought to be. His equestrian statue of Poniatowsky isnot equally worthy o f him ; but Po: large work, iatowskystanding is perfect, only eclipsed by Flaxman's Sir John Moore. His great group of St. John preaching in the Wilderness,- is charaterised by a species of Raphaelesque expression, and one portion, a youth leaning on the shoulder of an old man, Is the most divine thing ever .seen the intellectual express sion of calm old age, and the awakening intelligence of the youth, elevate the soul to a degree net- to be conceived unless seen. His Saviour and the Twelve Apostles, a colossal work—Christ being eighteen feet high, and the 'others twelve each—are wonderful draperied figures, charaoteriStic to the highest degree of the different men ; the draperies semi If one could raise them, they are so exquisitely cast and executed. His great m onumen t oft he Pope riue, In St. Peter's, contrasts unfavourably with Qanova, who was the greatest artist of the two in the nudo—wit. ness Pulamedes, the Nixus•Th eseus , an d t h e C entaur, contrasted with Thorwaidsee's Mars; but In female form and simple beauty of expression, Thorwaldsen was immeasurably his superior, witness the contrast of the two Liebe Night and. Morning, Hercules and 10, and the multitude of beautiful little exqui site bas-reliefs Thorwaldsen was ever produciug, Art must feel his loss as European ; and it is to the ho nour of our country that Mr. Hope gave him his first commission, Jason with the Golden Fleeee, I have always understood that Thorwaldsen was sent to Rome by the academy at Copenhagen, having got a passage to Naples in a Danish frigate, and that for the first two years in Italy he did nothing except study the German and Italian languages, and when • his time was nearly expired he began hi s J ason , which contra s t e d favourably with Canova's style ; it was a novelty ; it was seen abd appreciated by Mr. Hope, and thus was fixed Thorwaldsen's career in Rome, " had a natural daughter, a very beautiful wo man, wholin; been married to a Baron Gentle..= man.of the Bedehami)er of the King of Denmark. " lle was about five nine inch in h,i2lit • and a porz.rait, him, which may-be seen at Molten° is a pereet Lkeness." AMERICAN PAPERS. The following are from the file of American jour7 nali received by the Montezuma:— _ A medical man, who has lived in Montreal for some time, has been detected at the head of an organised band of young thieves, who robbed under his direr- tion and - carried their booty to him. A shopkeeper in good circumstances and respectably connected is under recognizance for no less a crime than that of breaking through the partition wall of his own house, into his neighbour's, and robbing him of property to a large amount. SHOCKING MURDER.—The Natchez Courier gives the following particulars of a dreadful murder recently perpetrated in Louisiana : . • A Miss Demoss was killed about the 14th of Fe bruary, near ..Minden, Claiborne parish, Louisiana. ' She left the house of a neighbour in the evening to I return to the house of her father, a respectable pitsuter, but not arriving, a search was commenced, and a young man, by name Lamb wright, wa s me t in the woods. Upon the searching party proposing to go up a certain branch, he stated that it was no use, he 14.4 teenthere hunting, &c. They did go, however, and _ _ found her dead. - She had I;een violated, severely' beaten, and then : her head was held under water to finish the work of death. Some other circumstances have excited suspicion of Lambwright, but there is no positiVe evidence aga.ins: - hini. He is . a young man, married, with one child, and before his marriage had addressed Miss I)enioss, and been by her rejected,. GENERAL ROSAS AND HIS DAEGIITER.:--It is said that Rosas has in vested largely in the English funds,wHl an eye to a future loss of power, but at present there, is no appearance of a change. His only family i$ daughter, Dona Manuelita—a young and uhmarried lady—handsoine, fond of music and of dancing, who at her father's country residence a few miles out of ' 1 the city, entertains his numerous visiters with eour! tesy arid grace—part of the neture of a Spanish girl. The general manner and modes of thought of the fair sex of that fair region, as well as some features in the character of Rosas, are well illustrated by an in cident—the truth of which lam sure of. Roma had caught a certain Colonel, a bitter enemy, one of tl ; " salvajos Unitarios," arid cut off his ears, presenting them to his daughter. La Senorita Manuelita pre served them among the valuables of her parlour taillet and when exhibiting her various curiosities, as . young ladies like to do, she would direct the especial atten tion of her visiters to the ears, and narrate, with ,$. sparkling eye and a heightened. colour, that they one , belonged to her father's enemy, the savage Unitalls 2 Colonel. AN OFFER PROMPTLY ACCEPTED. On &birth, f morning the Editor of the Advertiser issued a call for for "four hundred Whig subscribers" to his &Ulf paper—the subscriptions ,to be paid if the Loco-Foe° candidate for the Presidency should be successful- But if, on the contrary, Henry Clay should succeed , no pay would be required. When this offer became known about town, subscription papers were open at various places; and before night the " four hun dred Whig subscribers " were obtained.--Rochester Democrat. DEATH OF SALAZAR.—We have recently CCIPn• f . versed with a man who left the neighbourhood Santa Fe last summer, who gives us the particular! of the death of the notorious Salazar, the miscrean t from whom the Texan Santa Fe prisoners receive • such brutal treatment while in New Mexico. I,l ° viras out upon an expedition in the. Indian countrti, stealing horses, and while thus eng age d was waylaso killed and scalped, and his body left a preytUtb . buzzards and prairie Wolves—a fate similar to that•t ° which he consignedi,ome five or six of the unforttr• nate Texan's who - o'w'e)e entrusted to his charge b e " tween San.Miguel"zatid El Paso del Norte. For the° acts of intim' than barbarian cruelty he was ordered: be tried by the Mexiein Go vernmen t ; b u t so i sa hsj is Santa }e - that he fijund means to escape, A. Taal cruel, relentless, heartless villain probably never than Salaiar,. and it would almost seem an net of rr tributive justice that he has thus fallen. , ;—.Nese o" leans Picayune. •- Mr. Southard,. the late Treasurer of Ne w jersg: whose accounts were lately repor t e d as showing a on' ficiency of between 4,000 and 5,000 d o ll s., has wri!%.l' a Lotter to the Legiiliture, in which he offers to sear' , to the State by bend and mortgage upon Ntninca.,...'i:v bered real estate, the whole amount of the defalcate' reported against him. FFrom the New Orleans Piccryunet,of March ATAL DUEL.—A fatal duel was fought on Thin" day last at Vicksburg, b e t ween Mr. Hammet, of the Vicksburg Whig, (and brother of the iof Congress f rom Mi ss i ss i pp i , ) an d Mr. .4yan, edi t the Sentinel. Th e y f oug h t with pistols.At W d , fourth fire Mr. Ry an f e ll mortally wounded, WI shot directly thr oug h th e lungs. He died within tea minutes. In two of the previous fires Mr. Itang•d e had been wounded, but the affair was allowed 04 ceed. Our readers may recollect that the same . ties had before met and exchanged shots with, ",id . and that the difficulty was then arranged ground. They will remember, too, th a t Mr. or-',,,Ar was the successor of Dr. Hagan in the editorial 41 0 i 3 it'o who . was killed within the last year. STJPPOSED MURDER.—WhiI e some labourers We employed clearing away the materials of houses cently pulled down at the corner of Walnut !I L Water-streets—a part o f th e c i ty of notor iously:To• repute—they discovered in the cellar the a hanliii body, buried about s i x i nc h es be low the surface. A4' is the body of a female, evidently young, fo. ,r teeth are quite perfg e t, h a bi te d i n an ordinary Di silk dress, blaelt hair, fastened up at the back of A L head with a com b . The trunk of the body, then& diieinhowelled by decay, is . yet in a good 0014 preservation, but the flesh is quite gone freni head and arms. On the head the hair is ilearlY remaining. After the body was dep o sited iri t the earth, a thick coating of lime appears:de have been poured over it, doubtless OF double purpose of accelerating decay and .prrilliP'• any offensive effluvia arising therefrom, TituiniF; s in connexion with the f ac t o f h er b e i ng attire d ordinary everyday dress, there ban be little that a murder has been committed. The h 0 4 140 supposed to have lain there two or three years. or four years ago a man named Roach reside d - a tbs,_,*fir house, who was a widower, and had a danghter, eighteen years o f age li v i ng with him. • nil ? married a'secorid flaw, and it was Well , linor,°' s t siV : both he and his second wife severely ill-treate daughter; for she was often sans "with het a e . 2,4 black and her body b ru i se d:- At - last she sada l " - * „ disappeared, very soon after wilier' notion and. wife abruptly left this country for -belated, and lb* / • not since been heard of. ' • it o The Aurora says, "the you ng man sentence d te , :e o. for aiding in the escape of a quadroon slav,,,t-as 1. " — igo pardoned by the Gover no r of South Curol'lna. , however, to be publicly whipped." ' t DARING FEAT.—Mr. Daly s ' Or . , the celebrated• -top, chase 'rider, betted a wager. with Mr. Sefton, Of ul-4...0 ham, that he would jump the rail s an d d y k e in fral{ye the Lincoln stand w i t h the rein ' s in his mouth an d , i r stirrups over th e sa ddl e; and which he cleverly ( - Vol« complished after th e second race, on a horse be b•A crossed hefore.--Stamford Pape r . i BIRTHS. . io , On the 31st ult., at H am b urg h , the wife of CaP . l- 7 ~ Martin, Mexican Vice-Consul, of a daughter. ~,,„0 On the 4th inst., a t Upp er S eymour -street, Euston-'x Mrs. Taylor, of a son. • 000 r Ou the 4th inst., at Reading, the l a d y of Major - . Tickell,*C.B., Bengal Engineers, of a son. On the 4th inst., at Chester, the lady of Sir ..fr it, Walker, of a son. ~,,..• 1 4 XP On the sth inst., at John-street, Berkeley-squar- ' ' / . Harry Surman, of a son. ' On the sth inst., at Kilburn, Mrs. Edward Hodg ol 7 )* a daughter. ' effr On the sth inst., at Henlow, Bedfordshire, the . .iift ...- Stuart, Esq., of.a daughter. , - '..i;/ rer - On the 6th inst., i n M ontagu-place, Bryanstr4o.sq3l- . 7..- lady of H. P. Gippe, Esq., of a son. / • ." .tl O On the 6th in s t., a t Gordon-place, TaN:istock-gi_dr, - '. ~ lady of John F en t on , Ei q., o f a son. .- _,- sac' ' '. On the 6th inst., a t S t . John's-terrace, Park-roat4 well, the lady of the Rev. A. W'albaum, of a daughter' ' ....-. • ilkdißß/ED. • - 0 4 ' On the 16th ofJawattrY, at St. George's Church, CO ° Val Cape of Good Hope, Thomas William Green, Es t i 1e .,,, a , . . . • Jane, youngest daughter of the late A. Barker, • L '7 - Waterford, Ireland. • i s 0191 1 On the 4th inst., at St. Mary's, Hornsey, George, b bter 1' Rsq., f Sewardstone, Essex, to Eleanor, eldest cm" , ' / ,„ Charle; Perrot ; Esq., of Highgate. v 1 0 9; Oir the 9th hist,, at St. Olive's, Hart-street, -1-li odo ur Hurst, only child of the late Jcseph Hurst, Esq., of 'O6l O. •to.u-place, to Helen, second daughter of Mr. Thomas 1 Jo bs son, of Mark-lane. . •e, Jo On the 6th inst., at St. George's, Hanover-squat. - 14 o:r, Lawrence, Esq,, of Brunswick House, Windsor, to Ehz A ri daughter of Henry Saunders, Esq., Winchester Tower, ' sor Cast!. d . sil l i r f • On the Gth inst., at Headley, Thomas Lacy, - bter o arms yard, Esq., solicitor, to Marianna, eldest doug rey. , Captain Gustav - us Evans, R.N., of ITeadlergro_________ve, 11 _,.- r ,---- pi 14 DIED On the Gth inst., at Homerton, William Roberts on, tate of Kindence , R oss - s hi re , North Britain, aged JA % av P I On the 24th of January, in camp • at Gwalior, , Uftegneen, Esq., M.D„ of her 3fajesty's 3d Foot if { f Ma On the 30th of Janu ar y l as t, in camp, near C Bn 2 00 0' Charles, - youngest son of J. Thompson, Esq., Brun square, of the 36th Madras Native Infantry, aged 22.„.• f og On the 12th of' }'ehruary , at Calcutta, Lieuter,,int '" • William Henry Pownall, aged 27. On the 22d of February last, in Bombay, Cr,ptaill Denton, of the Company's Service. On the 18th ult., at Tours, Anne, wife of .11:Rawes , . 944 r . Stratford-grove, Essex. e pplfl On the 29th ult., at Hastings, the Rev. Edward Mitford„ aged 32. A oe % On the 31st ult., at Inchbraz-oek, near. Montre se T e rigA l . Arolubald Watson, of the B the wife of Major-General Light Cavalry. ~Nor tondoi;O: Printed and Published `l3 , mi:Rpo - 101 , 7:11 O. N. 112, Stra n d, Printe r , at 21e .kun ' 4 "' • ty Strand, in the Precinct of ? the Favor L (. Abiddlesex, Tuesday April 9,18 ' ll ^ e N • Note:;1 Awe t - 1 47.1 Amato taa s --- APZ e ?; .01* 34'! two -t : Pre% , ' • ti` 4 • I', , 1 0811 . • Alt • l , Z 1 1 AFC ll MO2 solo azid &2, 1; war, .0 -.o dy "utt , AiuB t ort.4 Pa P 41.41 Te n " , ~ . • ; ~ ~. • I /I'lO Cai 1 .1; Sin Yh )3e Mi 4rl •-• pot .