The Sun. — London, England, 1821-06-04 00:00:00

.~ -. . (). 7 , • /7h . 4 1-- */. ITNIB ER 8977.1 -~~~`~_ WEST'S GALLERY, No. 14, NEWMAN-STREET, OX- FORD-STREET. FriILS:EXHIBITION is NOW OPEN, con -tainiug .a COLLECT' ~ N of ,PICTURES, Paioted by the late BENJAMIN WEST, Esq. President of the Royal Academy, iocludi tilt Great Pictures CHRIST REJECTED, and DEATH .nn the PALE HORSE, on view every day from Ten till Six. Admittance One Shilling, Catalognk One Shilling. • CHARLES SMART, Secretary. No. 14 ? Newman-street, Oxford-Street. TOMKINS' PICTURE LOTTERY. TOMKINS, begs respectfully to in- AL form the Public, that his LOTTERY will be drawn P rFORD VICTUAL LI XG-YrIRD, MaylB, 1821. TRESE are to give Notice, That on Thursday; the 7th of June next, at Ten o'Clock i.n the FUreizo,ou, 31411 le exposed to PUBLIC S.,ILE, at His Majesty's P ietualling Yard, Deptford; sundry Lots ,of Pa. following P ROVISIONS and STORES, now lying in the said Yard, W 2. 1,...., R.Bread, Bread Dust, Flour, Flour Sweepings, BaisinS e.e, Pease, Pease Screeidings, Oatmeal, Oatmeal Sweep', V i gs, Dholl, Callarances, Bakehouse Sweepings, Essence of alt. and Hops, Beef, Pork, Suet, Sugar, Butter, Cheeie, IV, Vinegar: Lea ner , B u tt, P un ch eo n, Hogshead; Bairel, p H alf-Hogsbead, 'Kilderkjn, and Small Cask Stares, Wine ...'Pe, Hogsh ea d, I r i s h Ti erce an d B arre l St ares , Heading "gin and dry; a quantity of Timber, Iron, Fire Wood, &c. a neposit of 251. per rent, is to be nuzzle upon the onemit f r " , h Lot at the time of Sale, and the remainder of the par "asr-mon ey to be paid be fore the Stores are removed, for which ,front the a Period of four/an working &ohs will be allowed - t ne dart of Sale; the Buyers particularly observing that ":: i t t tss than one half .of the yurtvtitY is to . be taken away an the first seven days, and the remainder in the seven an ,reinr-d ays , otherwise lite Deposit lifoney ll be forfeited, cro the Pravisiam. or Stores remain the property of the Mut f , as n o ex t ens i o n o f time will, an any account, be PicruALLING.OPFICE. April 18. 1821. TRE COMMISSIONPARS ,for VICTUAL- Avotw . ING His 4114.'s VY do erey . give e,L that on Friday. 1 thc ESTY l5sh of June next, h then b will be Za(ly to receive Tenders in writing (sealed np) and treat for , fl e S "PPIy (on separate Contracts): of what FRESH, BEEF a , ,Y &e req u i re d f or t h e use o f hi s M a j esty ' s Ships and Ves s .3 1 s " the Po r t s under mentioned, for Twelve Calendar °n* front the period against each expressed, 'tde• : Milfotd Haven lst July Strantaer and Loch livan 23dJuly 1821. Leith, L e ith R o ads, and the 10th August ,„ A Frith of Edinburgh • e Paid for by Bills, payable, without interest, sixty days rther date. I,„„ n e Conditions of the Contracts may he seen at the &ere qtßee. at this Office, or by 'applying to the Collectors Noiestn's C us to ms at )114ford,Strauraer, and Leith ree Peetirely. 4 .A. A ,,''" regard will be hart to any Tender in which the Price s' ' 4 l-d be in s erted i n wo rds at length. or that shall ~.r.be delivered to the Board before One o'Clock on the said ttqh J , the 15tk f June next, nor unless the Person who " the Tender, or some Person on his behalf, attends to •+ol. en called for. th''t , 'h Te v d er must a l so b e accompanied by a. Letter, signed e . ; ; ; 4 resnonsible Per Sons, engagin , r to'be7ome hound with artli 'tendering, in the Penal Sum of L. 500, for the e e PerArmance of each of the Contracts. W. MOUNTAIN and Co. SM KACEN'S HEAD INN_SNOW-HILL, LONDON PIPIIE following POST-COACHES; MAIL-, D „ COACHES, &c. set out from the above -,, ompr ON - , Chatham-, Rochester, and Gravesend New .ost Coach, every Afternoon at H a lf-p as t F our . F are , in 10s,•ontside 6s. -rALMOUTI-1„ 'TrPenryn Truro, Bomi,• Liskeard, Ply wnitth peek, Plymouth, tness, Newton Bushell, Exeter, i'Ymouth,- Dorchester, Dartmuui h, and Salisbury, new Post IP i , ; ,,chser er y morning at Seven ; through Honit a n, Axminster, art •Blandforrl, Basingstoke, and Bagshot, arrives at aait'",,ioith the next evening at lialfpast Eight. t:T HAMPTON, Lymington, Winchester, Andover, and tar,4P3tolit New Four liiside s Coach at half-past Seven o'clock il kurrn n 7 rrrires at the Dolphin Inn, Simt-hampterr , , by 'r n t Fire '' o'clock.—This is a most delightful Lon 'oc.r"D'' Pt the isle of \Vight, Havre de Grace, Jersey, 8411,7, et . M a l o e s , Ch et b urg h, &c. Pent ; Hand BRISTOL Flying Post-Coaches, through ' at ~.k:alne, and Marlborough, every Afternoon ; 'To rm .- L lrtY's, the Greyhound lon, Bath, and the London, hoeans-street, and . the Swann, Bristol, next Morn- Piv • 'nache s to Wells, Bridgewater, Tatutton,l3te'ter, and . month. • Ili;lhh:1-7•NiPIRE' a New LIVERPOOL Light Coach, only one tides tn the Road, carrying Four InSides and Four Out, - I•tu j„ e ts •out every Day, through Dunstable, Ityobarn, ether r y, Nortla,mpton; Welford, Lutterworth, Hinckley, 4 '4-"e Lichfield, Stone, Rugeiy, Newcastle, Kit utsford, . p,' ,0 11 and Preston. tvc, ,-..''''WSBURY, Wellington, and Shiltnal, Post-Coach, \‘'.l,.-tenintr,•„tr;ve ki'clock.—Guarkicd., ,rtd 11 411 013TH Dorcliester,Blandford,salisbury, Ando . s . ti, new Post .Coach, every Afternoon. the ItA'r.r.itutit Packets to Guernsey, Jersey, Cherburg, St. Ma ' L - KA' - . • *r e , - *•'S new tiscbt Coach, called The Rockingham, sets out l a tm 7 Morni ng, at. Eight o ' Clack ; carries four Insides ), thr, "" re markably't;asy, with a Guard throughout. Passes . toid-' Stamford, Newark, B e t fold,' Doncaster, and y- tir)„1" 0 ,:, to the G o ld en Li on , Leeds,. next morning. Not littl..r.„nthrog the unc o mmon Expedition of this Coach, , it is c eY t o lot the moat agreeable anti complete I uhlic Con „ Ci a L n A -e ,' r hjthe North Road, being unequalled by any,other. I ongtown ' Gretna-a'reen, Annan, Dumfries, - ;', 111 11, San ' quhar-Kiln, Cannock, Kin swell, y(7';.l)arts of Scotland, a Post Coach cdaily). ez‘," S carborough Whitby', Shields, Sunderland, New thvphei Ediribil'rgh ' New Four Inside Coach, with a Guard ford nt•s •ts out ' every Morning - by way of Newark,,Bet- P'lll . ;, 4 , €: , e Llstc (- r; D ° arlinglCkn, Nortliallerton, Durham, Mtn oh t ' l ct-Twink. Pa'ssengeks finding' themselves fatigued .n Pro te l ; ii Journey, may rest what time they please, and the ,lr ,"t% without any additional I-are. ,„ ‘,Bonouciut Swindon, new four inside Coach, Pew's-gli Aldhourn, Readier;, Laknhourn, Parton, Lydington, Woottoa Basset, Ramsliury. Hungerford, and New -14-41,7.-, Mornin . - CIST ( gNORTII &Walsal Post Coach, every evening.. (7 4 % Peterborough, Stilton,' arid Hunting -'l4l' Ma l il Coach, every Evening to Spilsby, Louth, %A.ltt . : a nd Hull Isr ,-, • i ", Penrith, and Whitehaven, Four Inside Post, ‘1 104 1): 7 " Guard all the wav, passes through (trough, Ire ' pleimiona,Catteriek,Boroughbridge, Cu- A berr• 1 - , e n: t ircit,;ter, and Grantham. Sets out perf:irms the joonleY with great ; a 'senzers detained on the Road by business or -%.ived in the th e peculiar advantage of their Scats being se icEll:lthe next Coach. lov),„ Lancaster, Preston, Kirhy-Lonsdale, Bolton, on e J' ` i ll/Isis - irk, and Garstang Post Coaches, every After- LIVF D , SIM L;";r0OL, Warrington, KrutsTord, Stone, th4ctlfield, Post -Coach, The Defiance, every Evening rd th r _ aracen's Heath Inn, Dale -street, Liverpool.—Guard. C Post-Coach, every• Morning., Whitchurch, Tarporley, Nantwich, Strf„Orihwlen, and.Middlewich Post-Coach, every Evening. Itlor-n"ERLAND, Stockton, and Yarn' Coach, every MAT„.I.? to the George Inn, Sunderland. :1(1411-i'ts14.,,vieirESha'mflp7tosi , n ; l o n s s t l -Z v ich n , il e g v i e e t t"n A' f N t e e rZ a o s n t ! e c4 ' m na ra rd is :(l: • mixt, = riELD and Rotherham Post-Coach., called the Roe;,- lip, every Morning. Art" MINGHAM Post Coach, Guarded, sets out every l 'a%4 4l ton, and reaches 'Birmingham next day at Noon._ te n s b . Y arwick, Leamington, and Daventry, to the Sa- AN r ,s' Head, Buil-street, Birmingham: Nurthcave, Howderk, Thorn, and Doncaster, Post t at e l, ":„ 'every Morning at half-past Six, to the Cross Keys, bo k ;Place, Hull. / s ty E R, Deal, 11-largate, Sandwich, Ramsgate,Cant erburt'k kr„re_rhani, Chatham, Rochester, and Stroud, Post-Coaches, 1,.!2),R, Ncion,•and Night. tr,'-IiI'FORD, Ware, Holdesdon, and Che Shunt Coach.' Mornino• 1 , 1 HAM and Edmonton Coaches (daily), at Eleven, 41‘14tut Five, Eight o'clock. F • NioUNTAIN and CU. ruspectfull acquaint their le nds and the Public, that they Swill ti r e ace q o u n ' ntahle f ,ip_rt,irt.QPaiireels,. Passenger's Lriggage, Writings, Plate, ex. f ir t au Fire PnundsValue.,if lost, stolen, or dama ged, ss tia,r163.7-daceansi,stilha,danlrtluitnlttntvs...phriairti:eimitnadidonft:r acc on the 'TWENTY-FOURTEI OF JULY NEXT, • . the Trustees, Appointed by, the Act, baring certified in the London Gazette their entire Approbation of the Ability and Skill displa.•ed in the finishin g: of the various Works consti tuting the Frizes, Tickets, 31. 3s. each, may be had at Nos. 53 and 54, New Bowl-street, where Sioeciureits of the Prizes are e; - hibited, And.at all the Lottery Offices.. The Purchaser of a Red Ticket, acid a Black Ticket, is sure to gain a Prize. LEICESTER RACES-1821. Commencing Wednesday, September 19. THE GOLD CUP, of 109 gs. value. ASUBSCRIPTION of 10gs. each: To close on the 4th June, and name on or before that day, to Mr. Jackson of Leicester, or to Mr. Weatherby, London. Duke of Rutland Duke of Rutland Lord Denbigh Lord Curzon Sir Henry HaMud" THE BELVOIR STAKES, a Subscription of 50. each, with 20gs. added by His Grace the Duke of Rutland, for Hunters. To close on the 4th June; and name on or before that day, to Mr. Jackson or Mr. Weatherby. Lord Denbigh I Thomas Par e s, ju n . John Mansfield Mr. Parks PRESENT SUBSCRIBERS. • John Mansfield Lord Robert Manners Lord Stamford Major Wilson A SWEEPSTAKES of 20gs. each, for Three Years old. To close Ist September, and to be named on or before that daiTo Mr. Jackson, or Mr. Weatherby. Rutland. FIFTY GUINEAS, given by Colonel Keck and the Officers of the • Leicestershire Yeomanry Cavalry. For Horses the property of Noncommissioned Officers or Privates, to be. named to Mr. Jackson on or before the Saturday preceding the Races. FIFTY POUNDS, given by George Osbaldeston, Esq. for. Horses, the property of Farmers - residing within the district of the Quorn Hunt, that• have hunted the preceding season with the (loom Hounds—to he named to Mr. Jackson ou or before the Saturday preceding the Races. The Earl of - DENBIGH, Steward. For the particulars of the oifferent Stakes, see the Racing Calendar. This Day was published, Bvo. price Is. A . LETTER to JAMES SCARLETT, Esq. on his BILL relating to the POOR LAWS. fly a Stiq ItEY MAGISTRATE. - Printed for J. Hatchard and Son, 187, Piccadilly, of_w•hom may he had, Outlines of Political Economy, by the Author of lenientary Propositions on Cut rency, 2d Edition, Price Is, DR. JAMES'S POWDER S Prepared and Sold by Mews. NEWBERY, AL at the original Warehouse, 'No. 45, St. Paul's Church yard, London, with full Directions for its use. It is sold.als6 by their Agents throughout the Kingdom. The Genuine has the name, " F. Newbery," engraved in the Black Stamp on each Bottle and Packet. PORTSEA, HANTS. CAPITAL, and SPACIOUS FREEHOLD PREMISES, toge , ; therwith a valuable Ready-Money Business, established in the Linen, Woollen, and. Carpet Trades neatly fifty years: To be SOLD by AUCTION by Mr. CROOK, on THURS - DAY, the -14th of Jane, 1821, at the GEORGE INN, PORTSMOUTH, at Seven o'Clock in the Evening, ALL thase verytlesiiable FREEHOLD PRE MISES. which are four stories high, substantially brick-built, stuccoed over, in good repair, possessing - all the advantages of a first-rate business, situation without parallel, and placed to command peculiar advantages from its proxi mity to the communication, which diverge from this as a central spot, being No. 130, Queen-sireet, the property and residence of the late Mr. JOHN PAYNE. The Premises comprise in the basement a spacious dry cel lar;. ground floor, •an excellent light and couvenientiv ar ranged 5h0p,.76 feet deep, with private entrance to the dwel ling, paved court yard, stable, had other ontbuildings, abun dantly supplied with good. water; first floor, a lofty dining room, library, ante room, and good. kitchen, fitted with cupboards, very complete, with communication by'rneans of hack stairs frour the yard anti side passage, a geomettical staircase of easy ascent, leading to a well proportioned draw ing, room, china cupboard, and three cheerful bedchanthers, with convenient closets; in the. upper story are three square sleeping rooms, and linen presseS 011 t he landing. May he viewed fourteen day's prior to the sale, and further particulars - kr - limn, by applying (if by letter, post . paid) to Thu Mas Boyd, Esq., Skinner-street ; and Robert Shank Atcheson, Esq., Great Winchester -street, London; to the Executors of the late blr. Pavne, un the premises; or to Mr. Crook, 69, High-street, Gosport. ARTIFICIAL TEETH, on an unprecedented principle, by Mr. GRAY, Member of the Royal Col lege of Surgeons,• in London, constructed so as to answer• all the purposes of the human teeth. in mastication, articula tntn, appearance, &c. and to rem ;in perfectly secure in their places by the'pressure of the atmosphere; therehy avoiding pinning to stumps, tying, twisting wires, or fastening springs to the adjoining teeth, or any attachment whatever to the remaining teeth, and consequently, instead of injur ing, afford them support. • These artifici•l teeth may be taken out, and replaced by the wearer with the greatest fa cility. To those who require whole or half sets, Mr. Gray undertakes, at his own risk, to furnish pieces which shall answer all the purposes above described, without the annoy ing incumbrance of the spiral springs, which are usually attached to such pieces. Z 5, Old Burlington street. On Monday, the 28th .ult. No. 14,041 was drawn a Prize of £•11,000 Consols, and sold by Bisu, in Shares, Viz..— One Quarter at - - Carmarthen One Quarter in - - London One Eighth in - - London One Sixteenth at - - Bath One Sixteenth at - - Edinburgh One Sixteenth at - - Maidstone One Sixteenth at - Marlborough One Sixteenth at . - - Margate One: Sixteenth in - - London. . - • Fish also sold the following Prizes, all drawn•the same day 11;331 - - £l,OOO 7,269 £2OO 1,616 - • 220 19,584 - 200 .3,317 . • - ,220 11,476 - - 110 11 ; 367 . - 220 13,521 110 16,673 - - 220 p,lO. also sold, in the Lottery drawn in March, Three Prizes o 1 /2 1 ) 0//o,.and several smaller Capitals.--Every Ticket or Share Chance' bOught on' or before the 28th May, was finally decided on the__ 28th May. Ticket and Share Chances are on -sale at 13iSieS•Qiliccs, .4, Cornhill, and, 9, Charing-era* London ; and, by.,.his 4gents in the Country : -=All the: 3,oo2'Prizes, in cliting'the X 20,200 Priz es, must be tlrawh the 'l4th of Tins Mcng Tit (June). &c. &c. et 4v s ("Pf , ;1,... . , MONDAY, JUNE 4, 1821 FOR THE SUN. ON TEIB PAST AND PRESENT CIRCUMSTANCES OF -THIS COLTisititV; Willi A VIEW, TO TIkE RELIEF OF AGRICULTURE, MANUFACTURES, ANI?• COMMERCE. . . (Coniinued from our ,Paper of Saturday.) This is, ,we humbly conceive, the most solid ground upon which the depreciatiOn of the value of money can be accounted for--the subtle, silent and not easily perceiVed -depreciation, which from time to . time diminished the power of the pound sterling over the necessaries of life its power, of purchasing .having continually de'creased:in the, period,. iitholqh not the slight-, est alteration- took place in 11 4 41 it regulations o► the coins represerifing. the pound sterling, or any material variation, in. the o cf silver to divert our attention from this principal, perhaps only cause. Although the power, of money had considerably decreased previously to 1792,.it di minished in accelerated progression after that pe riod and during the war, on account of the yearly increase of taxes ; while the circumstances. of demand and supply; fortunately for the pro ducers, continually supported high market prices for all domestic commodities ; and therefore pro fitably comprehended retribution of taxes. All fixed annuitants then complained of the re duced energy of money, which lessened their _affluence and their influence ; and even in cases, occasioned distress. But all the producers in the different branchts of national industry received in the prices of things such ample retribution for the taxes they had advanced, that their circum stances in general were peculiarly prosperous. — The rates of profit and the wages of labour were then high in proportion to the scale, of taxation. Sir GEORGE SIIUCKBURGII EVELYN'S ingenious tables shew the progress of the depreciation of money for centuries ; although not accounting for the cause of depreciation. CO CO CO CO CO Co -a ..3 m .--, t.: ... CO .... t.D ... t••• .--. t•D .-, ,-. 4:1 1 :;:$ 0 a t'l ' .... '0 • 1.... ' C ° . o o A ..... -, (.., . t , . l - ..1N.. tsD IC t•D t.D C.Dlp ts:a It.? g __,'"' CO 05 r..” .-+ Co Co Co .... tr. r.:. , ---..CC Co F.' ~T 5 on e 4- ....,,r...p,.-z 2 ,- == .5 .,-• .••• --.4 . ,.n 4.• :C:, - 0-• ct•ar tei..1.2 =ln,=4 ,, . I ,l) g' 'o * ' §. i r , CM tr. Cyr= CD CZ ........ t.,D = ..rt.. 1.0 5 . ' 5 Co f..00,0.0z=0.0:"4. N.) C.. C , tt4 r, C/) " ---- e4 7- 4 - • ,F,F.,P,IA. Oa- 0., COX. 4 , ... 0. 4,... 0, 0, eni,": 1 c ., , ~ , , 5 n 2 )4 1,--0 Z. , •::::,,,' =?„, ' a '4 s ' = " .- 4,.. .r.....x. 4. , F- . CO f...., ,p...p. Cr .1,- 0. Cr 044-d „.., ,i- - o t .4.. ~..e c in . - 8 - 4g• 1 . 5 " . ...c40.,1-.,cc00-...../ts:•4.--Icc Co / 5 - : I n, rS' • P.-oaq 0 .- d 2 .... 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M 4:.cc.edtc0m0;,...4.<00,;:..0.,c59 -. ii .0., • But in recent years a considerable appre ciation of the value of money has taken place —the energy of the pound stel Hug has in creased in poWer over the tecessaries of life and all domestic commodities. The circum stance - is highly beneficial to all fixed annui tants who had previously suffered by the de preciation of money. But it is almost ruinous to the producers, on•account of no diminution.of the taxes and rates affecting the necessaries of life, and constituting a component part of price, hav ing taken place, to enable the producers in the diminished market-price of their productions to comprehend retribution of faxes. And as the tax on property could not at the time enter into prices, so its repeal has not diminished any com ponent part of the prices of commodities. The appreciation of the value of money, there fore, as it is the effect of the cheapness of things, so it is the cause of the distress of the producers. But this cause can be removed only, as we hum bly conceive, by a diminution of taxes. If, upon another ground, upon whith the depreciation of money has been assumed to exist, name!y, the supposed 'over issue of Bank Notes, we imagine that the present appreCiation of money might be remedied, for the benefit of the producers, by an increased issue of Batik Notes, surely we must perceive that such addition of money would be. a new stimulus to production. If, upon such as sumed ground, it succeeded at all, the s'uccess could only manifest itself, according to that:doe- • 1 4, 1 . 04. trine, by raising the market-prices of commodi ties; but such higher prices, according to all eic perience, would only further encourage produc tion, abundance, an cheapness. ~ As to the depreciation of money which was as sinned to exist from the supposed Over-issue of Bank Notes, or that which was assumed to exist on account of the market prices of Gold being higher than the Mint price, when Gold' was demanded beyond the supply for the sole purpose of mak ing Foreign payMents; England •had a conti nued balance of payments to make to the Conti nent ; but no sufficiency of Gold Coins were in circulation to make :such payments: The ex change having fallen on these accounts, in other words, the price of the English pound in Foreign Countries having fallen, it answered to the Ex. change Merchant to give upWards of five. pounds per ounce for Gold Coins or Bars in the Lan , don market, because the price of Gold on the Continent remained the same, indeed, became ra ther higher than lower at the time. That quantity of gold which a guinea contained, therefore,became worth several shillings more than 215., because Gold; although'scarce and dear, was still the merchandise in which payments could most quickly and profitably be made, on account of the rapidity of the returns in that particular branch of business which employs capital in con ducting Foreign Exchanges. But because Gold, as the instrument of this particular commerce, rose in the market, as coffee or sugar, as instruments of general commerce, might rise in the market,' conid this depreciate the whole fifty millions of cir culating medium, which was engaged at the time in facilitating internal exchanges of commodities to the extent of more than five hundred millions per annum ? Could it truly be said, for 'example, because the London market. price of Gold as merchandise was 51. 3s. 10d. per ounce, and be cause the quantity of gold in a heavy guinea was worth 1/. Bs., that all Bank of England Notes were only worth 15s. in the pound, as in the arithmetical proportions, as 28 are . to 21, so are 20 to 15, when 20s. of current coin could al ways be commanded for the one pound note ? It. really. does not appear that these grounds of depreciation were sanctioned by practical facts. Besides, being estimated altogether at the utmost at 25 to 30 per cent., this was not sufficient to account for the rise of three hundred per cent. in the prices of wheat and bread, which took place during the war. On the contrary,Mr. Account ant SMITH, the well-informed author of the Theory of Money, and many interesting tracts, she wed by a table of the comparative market prices of several commodities, that the amount of Bank -Notes in circulation had no effect on the prices Of commodities,ot the price of Gold, or-the mar ket price of Gold, on the prices of other commo dities. Neither was the pound note depreciated for internal exchanges as valued in silver; " the value of a thing is what it will bring ;" it always, as just stated, exchanged for 20s. of current coin. And the great body of the people, who are by far the greatest consumers of the necessaries of life ; whose consumption therefore chiefly regu lates the market prices of bread, meat, Ric. &c. make payments, principally in silver coin. There fore, those who urged that the Bank . Note at one time was only worth 155., meant to say, it was worth no more in Foriegn Countries, on ac count of the low exchanges. • And further, the higirprices of corn, for ex ample, during the war, were not on account of any laws obstructing - the perfeCtly free and unrestrainedimportation of corn.. The mar ket price bring from time to time so - constantly and so' considerably above the importation price fixed by law, the law was a dead letter. But on account of taxation, all the four component parts of the natural, or growing price of corn more than double in the time. ,Did not such higher prices require a greater npmber of Bank Notes for facilitating the distribution of the, pro duce of the laud ? When the annual amount Of that produce increased from probably in 1792 one hundred millions, to more than two hundred millions, would not more money of some sort be, required ? And when the whole amount of 'Corn modities circulated by 'the great internal trade, exceeded probably five hundred millions per annum ? What human mind can accurately esti-, mate that particular amount of Bank of Eng-. land notes, which being exceeded shall upon unquestionable principles be deemed an over, issue of Darin-notes ? If it be true that ' from thirty to forty millions of geld coin were in circulation before the year 1797, when the amount of Bank-notes in circulation had for . maw previous years fluctuated between nine and eleven millions, when the quickness of circula tion in profoUnd peace had required fewer Bank notes for exchanging the amount of comrme!ities, and whenJhe amount of die annual 'produce of the land, and probably the whole internal : trade., on the financial transactions did not exceed one third of the sum which theY amounted to in 1812, should we not rather be astonished that production and reproduction, trade and eireula- tion, public revenue and expenditure; could' he: so uninterruptedly supported, When ' rireelatiiisn was retarded more and 'more., by - puh!:: a ppre benSion, and the Bankers throughout 01- roantry retained more Bank-noti , s. in their cofi'ers, by so small a number of Bank of-, England notes as -twenty..five millions, 4vh:ch vas. the utmost amount hi 1812 ? CoUld; in fact, the . land have . been constantly cultivated, and' surd ciently of waste land brought into tillage :to ! ):3- duce even daily food for the iitcreilshigpopti(a tion ; when,..ali.hough the • free corn trade, and" our higher market prices than thn - Se of ,any other country, bought na,the snrplus corn every nation: I Could spare,. our consumption was always greater . „ PRICE SEVEN PENCE. than the supply Could these necessary impor tations have been induced, had not sufficient money been in circulation to, support and encou rage these operations, even in articles of the first necessity, the means of.subsi3tence ? And so far from there being.at any time more Bank-notes in circulation thin nealssary, Was there any week of the period in which the supply of notes was beyond the demand, and in which no Bills of Exchange, on the part of responsible merchants and -bankers, were sent. into the Bank of England he discounted ? In truth, every week of -the period some such merchants demanded d-iscounts,-most willingly paying the highest rate of . interest allowed by law ; which is. thennques tionabie test of 'there .having been no over-issue or- internal depreciation of Bank of -England notes. On the contrary, because the .saPp4ly war; continually less than the demand, a new trade grew up, that'of money .or bill brokers, employ ing their time in procuring loans of Bank-note-3 even for a day, or a few hours, or for any - longer period; or in procuring bills to be discounted, for traders Who paid a brokerage in addition to 5 per cent. interest. • And perhaps all human ingenuity cannot con trive a .thore perfect system for the supply and economy of circulating money. Commodities are produced by the powers of nature and the labour of man... When rendered perfect for, he use of the consumer, their natural price is made-- up of labour, taxes, rent,, and profit. They are • sold at the market price. This is computed by, an invariable measure of value, the pound, shillings and pence. Money in circulation, ei ther composed of the precious metals of standard sterling purity, or current paper, make payments of such computed. price. The security of Bank notes is equal to that of the Government- itself. And the well directed, and honourably con ducted; operations of the Bank of England sup ply any existing- deficiency of the circulating medium, by discounting, from time to time, bills . of exchange, according to the apparent solidity of the transactions which the bills represent, and by issuing :Bank'notes for. such bills. These bills becoming due from time to time, and being paid, return the notes to the Bank. By this combiued operation, the circulating money of the country is practically. adjusted to the amount required for the circulation of the' country, with a degree of perfection, which might well deserve the highest. admiration. [To - be continued.] COMMON COUNCIL.--A Court of Common Counci! was held. on Saturday, which was very fully attended, it . being arranged - that the freedom of . the City should he -..yre sented in Court to Mr. BROUQIIAM, Mr. PEN MAN, and Dr.' LUSHSNGTON on that day.—lt was referred to the Committee for General Purposes, to examine the List of Persons returned by the Deputies and Common Council of the several Wards, as qualified to serve on Juries, and to consider and report what measures may be pro per to be adopted to correct the same in future. The Committee of Bridge House Estates pre sented a Report of the prkeedings in P2rliament respecting London Bridge, which was, ordered - to be printed.—Messrs. Brougham, Dennian, , and Lushington, having arrived about four o'clock, they were introduced into Court preceded by Mr. Alderman Wood, Mr. Alderman Waitliman, the Chamberlain, Messrs.• Oldharn.and Browne, and the City Marshals, and condutted:.to• the table, Where the Chamberlain administered the Oath of Freemen of London to them, and ad mitted them into the freedom accordingly. He then addressed them in a suitable speCch;•and presented 'the gold boXes.-1 he Court referred it to the Sheriffs Committee *to consider the in creased expenses the late Lord Mayor had incur red, by reason of Mr. P ar ki ns h av i ng refused to bear the accustomed proportion of the eipences of the office of Sheriff. SOCIETY FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF PRISON DISCIPLINE.—Saturday the Annual Meeting of the Society for the improvement of .Prison Dis cipline, and the Reformation of:Jnveuile ! Of- Nuiders, took place at the Freemason's' ,Tavern; the Duke of GLOUCESTER ill the Chair... , -The Secretary. read the Report of the Committee, which stated, that there had been greatimp,rove ment in prison discipline during. the last year, and alluded to the very beneficial effectsrthat re sulted from the infliction of hard labour,' upon old and determined - offenders. The Report dwelt strongly upon the good effects of 'religiatis in struction to prisoners, and related Many..ins.tances where, from the Moment this'had coulfnetic e d in prisons, the.nurnber of criminals :had consider ably decreased and :.there Was scardely an in stance of the re-commitment. of. persons iu :these prisons who had been once .discharged. The Report spoke in the.warmect ternaor.The xer tions of the Lacili.;' Committee, and pfothtaene ,ficial results of their labours, 'and, pres.eu t ted a flattering account of The . happy. - 'consecttlences which had accrued from:the plait whith the:Corn mitte had adopted of procuririg.in asylurn for juvenile offenders, wL.;., after being-punished fo.r their crimes, were turned lVose . Upon society cilihout ',friends', :and . IvitNout any resource hn.t a *return to 'their „criminal, .pursuits., The Meeting was.then addressed by Lord cAI t TIIORFE, lord j. .RuswA, , ,.. Sir J. IVlActqmpsis . ,, Mr. KENNET, the French P.linister, and, ocher per sons of distinction:. • T.he proceedings ,eu.sigluded with a voteof thanks to'the.illustrieu*Qtairitan. • Lieut,-Gen4-rnl BKyLy, Governor of Guern sey, lately Llnde(l at Southampto - n from the Starlimg cutte,r, his prriages, the eStabli . shrmnt of th:lt .1.-.1an,1 beat. Tctit:ced.