The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-05 00:00:00

THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY MORNING, .TANITAR - : 5, 1844. &c. that at the east end for the Leeds passengers, • And that at the west for the Liv..eepool passengers. These waiting-rooms have also doors of egress direct to the railway platform. The saloon itself will -Ale the gentlemen's waiting-room. This room is ! , lighted by. two handsome candelabra, fitted up with Mr. Hall's new and brilliant gas-F.ghts. Adjoining the bar, and connected with a, is a small room fitted with boiler, &c a to contain anything required • for immediate use. Below the booking-offices, on the basement story, is a larg e coffee-room and chop house of similar dimensichs, approached by some steps from the railway platform. It is fitted up on the London plan, and. bells are placed in it so as to indicate the starting; trains to the guests, who, as they dine, may see the bell ringing for the Leeds, • Oldham, or Livorpool train, a s the case may be. Adjoining it, en the same (basement.) story, are va . rious kitchens, fitted up with cocking apparatus, hot .:hearths, ovens, as well as the sculleries, pantries, wine and spirit cellars, ale and porter stores, &c. We un derstand that the whole of the establishment for pro viding refreshments, including , both the refreshment saloon, the coffee room, and all the kitchens. ?,tc., has been taken by Mr. Vantini, the proprietor of the Euston-square Hotel, at the Birmingham Railway terminus, in London, and of the North Euston Hotel, Fleet , x,eal. Mr. Vantiai has also taken the New Palatine Hotel, adjoining the railway station ; and both it and the railway establishment here are to be placed under the entire superintendence and ma nagement of his partner, Mr. Maurighey, late the manager at Mivart's Hotel. Superior cooks, baker, brewer, &c. are engaged, and the establishment is to be in the first style of elegance and comfort. Between the upper refreshment-room and the wings, are the large and convenient - booking-offices ; there being two for the Leeds Railway Company, viz, one of 50ft. lin. by 22ft. 9in. for the first and second class passengers. This division is made with a view to separate all the passengers as nearly as possible into two equal portions, so as to facilitate the booking, the press of u; Bich is always great in the last few minutes; and there being more third-class passengers on this line than of the other two classes together. The clerks' office is one large room ; but the booking windows are on opposite sides. Between the booking offices and the parcel offices, which adjoin on each side, there is a waiting lobby, and other conveniences for second or third-class passengers. Amongst these is a separate waiting-room for third-class female pas sengers. Beneath Mr. Hall's house, in the basement story, are rooms for the porters, in which to wait and take their meals, during the hours of attendance at the station. GENERAL PASLEY'S INSPECTION. On Friday morning last, Major-General Pasley, the Government Inspector of Railways, was met at the Victoria station by Messrs. Henry Houldsworth, Chairman of the Board of Directors, Robert Gill, Managing Director, IVilliam Entwistle, Deputy Chairman, and Gooe'n, the principal Engineer of the Company, for the purpose of inspecting the ex tension line, prior to its opening. A special train -was provided, consisting of an engine and tender and two carriages, which, although they have been in use on the line for some months, we believe have not yet been fully described. We may, therefore, briefly advert to their construction here. Both these car riages are constructed from designs of Mr, H. Houlds -worth, and are intended chiefly for summer use. The Tourist forms one apartment, with a high dais occu pying the centre third of the floor from end to end. On this dais are placed at intervals two seats, backed by (idlers, in all 16 on the dais. On the lower floor t.:nere are five seats on each tilde, which turn up, and 'then leave a passage all inund. Four other seats are in the 'corners, making 'a total of 14 on the lower floor, the occupants of wkich, when seated, do not at all ob struct the view 'of those seated on the dais. The car riage is thus capable of containing 30 passengers. Beside 07. e windows at the side, there are wooden ir. the covering of the roof, which, when drawn (4oi,vn,. open wire-gauze ventilators, which let in the air, without admitting those draughts which are some times so injurious in the second-class carriages. For this application of wire-gauze we believe a patent has been obtained: The dais is fitted up with carpets, &c. ; and each end of the Tour iBt is lined with looking glass, and has small ventilators for winter we. The *Aber carriage, named the Gondola, is somewhat dif -lerent in construction. It has open ends, like " stand ups," from which doors open into a small but elegant saloon, each side of which is occupied by a sofa, covered with crimson velvet, and capable of seating six persons. There is a let-down seat within each door, so that this little centre will seat a party of 14, - who may have greater freedom of movement than in the ordinary railway carriages, and may, from time to time, walk out into the air, either in front or rear of the saloon. In this carriage, we believe, General Pasley and the Directors, and gentlemen we have named, proceeded at ten o'clock on Friday morning from the Victoria station to the top of the extension line, whence the General walked back to the station, not on the rails, but under the arches of the viaduct, inspecting, them as to solidity, &c. Again ascending to the Victoria station, he there inspected all the buildings, the approaches, the turn-tables and rails, and then again proceeded, by means of a locomo tive, to the place where the stationary engines are fixed. Having inspected them, and the works of this part of the line, the General next expressed a desire to see the working of the Oldham branch, which, as many of our readers are aware, being an incline from the main line, ascending 1 in 27, has been worked for some time by means of a counter poise, which descends a p ara ll e l li ne as th e t ra i n ascends, and thus overcomes all the resistance of weight. which otherwise would render it impossible for a locomotive to draw a single carriage up the General Pasley expressed himself very well satisfied - with the solid and substantial character of the works generally, and gave the usual sanction to the Company , to open the line at any time. The extension was ac cordingly opened, as we have stated, on Monday last. All the establishment of clerks, booking-offiees, por ters, &c., connected with the passengers, was removed to it from the Oldham-road Station, on that day ; the Oldham-road station being still used, but for goods only ; and the business offices of the Company, the secretary's offices, board room, &c., will still continue at that station, and not be removed to Hunt's Bank. There is ample convenience and accommodation at the Oldham-road station for storing large quantities of goods. The line is there carried over the streets at a considerable height ; but, by means of a double Isoist (one half ascending as the other descends), easy access is obtained to the lev e l b e l ow ; th e h o i s t being capable of raising or lowering a waggon of goods, of from eight to ten tons' weight. The arches below the line are admirably adapted for warehousing purposes, and the Company has also a considerable quantity of land adjoining, great part of which is laid with rails in various directions, to facilitate the re ce ivi ng an d de livering of goods, loading: and unloading the waggons, &c. Altogether, it is computed, the Company pos sess at the goods station not less than eight acres of land, all applicable to the purposes of the goods traffic: At and around the Victoria station, notwith standing its centrality, the Conip2ny possess no less than about thirteen acres of land, laid out as we have de scribed, in approaches, in the line, &c., and sidings, In the various offices, arrival and departure plat &c.; a part onl y lying between the carriage way and the river Irk, being as yet unappropriated, except - that at one point, nearly opposite the centre of the station-house, a foot-bridge has been carried from the carriage-way, across the low ground and over the river Irk, so as to give an entrance into Long Millgate, just by the end of Mr. Richard Roberts's mill, and near Todd-street. This, which may be regarded only as a temporary means of ap proach and outlet for passengers to and from that quarter of the town, is fast approaching completion. If, however, a proposed improvement be carried out, which would continue the carriage -drive from Hunt's bank, nearly in a direct line to Ducie Bridge, thus forming a very desirable jun c ti on w ith th e Cheet ham Hill road—the means of access from that suburb, not only to the railway, but to the Exchange, and the lower part of the town generally, would be very greatly improved. While mentioning proposed improvements in connexion with the extension line and the Victoria station, we may notir;e, that the Liverpool Railway Company have liberally consented to erect a foot bridge alongside .of the railway bridge they are about to throw over the Irwell (which is to be iron, of one arch, 120 feet span) ; and the inhabitants of Greengate and Strangcways will thus be furnished with the means of fee and ready communication. Another bridge ovisr the Irwell is also contemplated, at a point opposite the Palatine Hotel. This is proposed to be a bridge,both for foot passengers and carriages; and alreesly estimates have been made of the cost (said to be about 4,0001.), towards which 3,0001., it is stated, }.as already been subscribed by the authorities of .Manchester and Salfbrel, and Mr. Samuel Brooks, the owner of a considerable portion of the land ad joining the river on the Salford side. These va rious improvements, if carried out, will greatly change the appearance and character of that entrance to the town, which, from being proverbially the worst, s is likely to become the best and most direct road in point of convenience, and the greatest tho roughfare in point of traffic ; combining, as it will, the greater part of the carriage communication from the .New Bury Road and the Cheetham Hill Road, together with much from Salford, and the whole of the arrivals and departures by the Liverpool and :Manchester and Manchester and ,Leeds Railways. We understand that the distance from the station to the Manchester Exchange has been carefully measured, and found to be just 494 yards. The Victoria Station, though a joint one for the use of the two Comps - riles, has been entirely executed by , the . .Leeds.Company, who have erected the suite of offices, and complete 4 the works of. the line, the ap proaches, The whole has bee4i under the ma 4ftgemalt and superintendence of Mr. Gooch t the principal engineer of the Company, and reflects the greatest credit on him, on Mr. Forsyth, the ,"„ tan t.. 1 engineer (who has had the persona! ,upervision of the greater part of the w;„") , and 011 Mr. Thomas Brogden , the ‘:,untractor for the whole of the works of the atation and approaches. We understand that the omnibus establishment of the Company, which was quite necessary while the passenger station Was in Oldham Road, is now con• siderably reduced, being limited mainly to the omni buses plying between the Victoria Station and the present station of the Liverpool Railway, in Liver pool Road. We believe, however, that omnibuses from the principal hotels will ply to and from the Victoria Station, at small charges. Every accommo dation will be given to the public, in the requisite supply of coaches, cabs, &c., which will be allowed to stand on the carriage-drive of the approach, just without the gates of the station, a certain number being admitted within the gates before the arrivals of the trains. On inquiring at the station yesterday morning, we learned that the new half-hourly short trains to Miles Platting, &c., had filled very well throughout the day, and that no accident of any kind had arisen to mar the satisfaction of a successful opening. We learn that the stationary engines and endless rope are not yet in operation, though quite perfect. The trains during the day were taken up the incline by two en gines, which drew twelve carriages with ease. Each tram has with it a loaded, small, square waggon, called the brake waggon, which is provided with a brake so powerful as to be thereby enabled to stop the train at any part of the incline, in case of acci dent. Thus there is no accident that could take place, even the breaking of the endless chain, or the fiiilure of the stationary engine, that could cause more than a few minutes' delay. To some extent connected with this station, flank ing the entrance to the inclined approach to the railway from Great Ducie-street, is an edifice of con siderable size, erected for the proprietor, Mr. Robert Gill, by Mr. Bellhouse, from a design by Messrs. I. and J. i Holden, of this town. It has been named the Palatine Hotel, and stands on the site of the College Inn (formerly the Castle Inn), and the ad joining land between the College wall and the street. This handsome and capacious structure pre sents a frontage towards Great Ducie-street of 110 feet, and a semicircular return front along the ap proach to the station. The style of its architecture is what is called the early Italian, or Romanesque ; and the whole of the front is constructed of the same material as the station-house—the pierre-point stone—which has a very good and pleasing effect. In conclusion, we may express our gratification at so large a portion of this important line of railway ,junction and communication being effected within the town—indeed, so near the very heart of the town— yet at so comparatively small a sacrifice of valuable property. The centrality of the Hunt's Bank Sta tion, and the advantages we have adverted to, will be the more striking when it is considered, that (when the Liverpool junction is finished) it will be the point from which the transit from this ,town will be commenced on the following railways :—Manchester and Leeds Railway and thence to Selby and Hull; also by the junction with the great eastern lines of railway from London north ward to Scotland ; with the North Midland and its extension southward towards Birmingham, Derby, and the midland counties ; and with the York and North Midland line to York, Newcastle, and Edin burgh. The Manchester and Bolton Railway, with its continuation to Preston and Lancaster. The Liver pool and Manchester Railway, with the Bolton branch; the North Union to Wigan and Preston, and thence to Lancaster, Carlisle, and Newcastle, and the north western line to Scotland. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. TlMES.—There seeing to brood over Ireland a heavy curse, which can neither be expiated by calamities nor mitigated by time. She has grown from a fief of the Crown to a dukedom, from a dukedom to a province, from a province to a kingdom ; from a kingdom, she has become the associate of England in legislative rights and im perial power; yet, in all her stages of progressive rise, in every condition, and under every sway, she has retained the same distinctive character of dissension, violence, and treachery. Blessed with a soil, compared with which in many parts English corn fields are barren, she has turned this blessing to a bane, and produced for the astonishment of Europe, and the multiplication of her own disasters, a ragged, slovenly, and ' starving peasantry. Boasting a population which individually presents stronger traits of cheerful ness, good humour, and courage, of reckless daring and more reckless free-thinking, than any other nation in Christendom, at the same time she startles us with the sombre records of san guinary vindictiveness, treacherous cowardice, sullen resentment, and degraded superstition, such as darken the annals of no other people. Inexplicable confusion of cause and effect, action and reaction, persecution and revenge 1 Curious and foiling labyrinth of tortuous maladies ! Per plexing cycle of political errors and moral sins ! Well may a Minister proclaim Ireland to be his 'difficulty. Well may a faction proclaim Ireland to be its hope. The wise physician will despond, and the juggling quack will exult, over the infirmities of a State which can bear neither disease nor its re medy. We are reminded of religious differ ences, of political dissensions. We are told that Ireland is discomposed, because she is partly Papist, partly Protestant. But is Ireland the only country in Europe whose people do not agree in their religious creeds? Is Belgium all Catholic ?or Russia all Protestant? Is there no Protestantism in France ? Is there no Popery . in Germany ? Yet nowhere are religious differ ences pleaded in excuse of social animosities as they are in Ireland. But we are told also of the mixture of hostile races as a mischief not less fatal than the confusion of repulsive creeds. The Saxon and the Celt,—this is the cause of Irish tumult, of Irish bloodshed, and Irish misery. " The Saxon lord, the Celtic serf." And this Irishmen of education, at least, if not of wisdom—of lore, if not of reflection—de claim on every hustings and repeat at every gathering, until an irritable peasantry catch the wild cry as it passes, and cheer one another on in the fatuous and fatal creed that they are poor, because Henry 11. raised his standard in the Pale, and degraded because their country has been assimilated to the laws and constitution of England. We are not now reasoning on the absurdity of such a belief. We are stating it as an ominous fact in the history of Ireland, that a prejudice, which elsewhere has been dissipated by circumstances or modified by time, is there more potent than ever. In other lands time has blended the con querors and the conquered into one common fitmily. Alliances have fused the most hostile, interest has reconciled the most repugnant races; and what neither interest nor marriage could effect, the silent march of 'years has brought about. Who in England now thinks of Saxon or Norman ? What rational man in Scotland cares for Gaelic or Saxon descent ? There is in deed a generous pride iu the recollection of generic names, and the preservation of ancestral fame; but how nobly and how gainfully have national antipathies and particular jealousies been sacrificed at the shrine of that comprehensive patriotism which has inspired the descendants of the Norman, the Saxon, and the Highlander to forget all but their common' fitith- and fealty to Great Britain! And yet An. Ireland this un hallowed potency of traditionary hate still pre- I vails—more dangerous because concentrated within narrower limits. It was the worst sign of the worst times in ancient Greece, when each particular city saw the subdued flames of heredi tary faction re-appear—when each petty State was divided between the representatives of Spartan and Athenian ascendancy, and every family owed at once its precedence and its perils to its connexion with one or the other of these two States : the worst signs that Ireland now exhibits are the mutual jealousies of its distinct classes, and the feral hostility of its religious factions. What have we not seen within the last few months? We put out of the question assemblies banded together for the laceration of the empire. But what have we seen in the social and civil life of Ireland? In broad daylight, on the day of Christian worship, when people were going to and fro on the errand of penitence and supplica tion, a murder perpetrated by ruffian ferocity, at the same time upon the feebleness of age and the weakness of sex. Such a murder as Mr. Wal ler's no modern country but Ireland could wit ness; and, we believe, no county in Ireland but Tipperary. This murder is committed in the day, the perpetrators leave the house stained with the bloody marks of a desperate resistance, yet no one challenges them, no one arrests their progress, no one remembers to have seen them. Mr. Waller was a landlord! A few weeks elapse, and Meath becomes the scene of a murder no less deliberately planned, though less ferociously exe cuted, than its Tipperary model. Mr. Sherlock, an industrious first-class farmer, is assassinated on his return home at night. There is no clue to the detection of the murderers. He was a landowner!! A letter from " A Munster Far pier" will suggest to the memory other crimes not less heinous and not more explicable. Can we, then, wonder at the fear which is expressed in a leading Dublin paper, that there exists a conspiracy to exterminate the landowners throueliout Ireland ? Or can we wonder that the magistracy of Ireland, dangers, v ii] shouldamid us suchabsec: o scenes aril ex posed to such P..", at Bandon, coldly exercise, the civil privi leges with which their station invests them, and even refuse to men whose political hostility they know, and whose personal vindictiveness they suspect, the possession of weapons which may be employed in their own destruction ? Thus does tear act upon power, and power generate injustice. The Celtic peasant fires at his half. Saxon landlord, the half-Saxon landlord avenges himself by debarring his half-Celtic neighbour from the rights granted him by a Saxon Par liament! Who can deny the misery of the Irish peasantry ? Who will affirm, universally, the wickedness or the injustice of the Irish land- lords? There is no Intellectual weakness so common or so contemptible as that which leads men to indulge in the wholesale praise or censure of classes and castes. It is not only a logical error, but a sin against morality. Some landlords have been careless, some harsh, some oppressively unjust. But is it fair to con demn all Irish landlords for the injustice or the indolence of a section of their class ? We would not judge of the Irish people by the murders of Tipperary. We would not judge of the Irish landlords by the worst specimen of their class. We have been most desirous that the real wrongs of the Irish peasantry should be known. We have been anxious that the full effulgence of English opinion should penetrate every distant corner of the sister isle, startling oppression in its lair and revenge in its lurking-place. Where men have perverted wealth to the purposes of cruelty, or office to the ends of injustice, we have fearlessly and unhesitatingly denounced them. But we will never give our aid to an indiscrimi nate war against the Irish landlords. If some of them have abused their advantages, almost all have paid the penalty. We know well what is the object of the clamour now raised against them. We know, too, that the system of tenure in Ireland is most unfortunate ; but it is rather an effect than a cause. There are other and graver maladies of deeper root and of deadlier operation. The recent affray in New Zealand has stimu lated alarm and inactivity into earnest prepara tion. Immediately after the disastrous contest at Wairau, the inhabitants of Wellington and its vicinity offered their services in case an incursion of the savages should render an armed resistance necessary. The letter in which the acting ma gistrate of the southern district disclaims the notion of making an appeal to arms, and which is given in another column, expresses the prin ciple by which we think every public officer ought to be guided in his transactions with the aborigines of a colonial dependency. Instead of pampering the fears and rousing the animosity of the English settlers, Mr. M'Donogh en courages them in the belief that the late affair was the result of inadvertence, and that the na tives generally entertain towards them feeling of amity and good-will. " Upon receiving the disastrous intelligence," says be, " I immediately gut myself in communication with those persons who were in a position to furnish accurate reports on the subject ; and I have the satisfaction of informing you, that the natives of Waikanae, at which place Rauparaha first landed, refused to allow him to remain among them, lest the friendly relations which had previously subsisted be tween them and the English settlers might be destroyed ; and that I have reason to believe these feelings to be shared by almost all the natives along the coast. No apprehension, therefore, of any aggression on their part need be entertained. In order to strengthen this friendly feeling, I have published an address to the natives in their own language, and have caused it to be distributed in all parts of the country ; which, I trust, will have that effect, by maintaining . a confi dence in the justice of the Government, and in the impartial administration of the law." These sentiments are further expressed and confirmed in his letter to the natives, which is appended to the above address; and their policy . as well as their justice is testified by the exhorta tion which it elicits from the chiefs to their fol lowers. Meanwhile, the inhabitants of Wel lington petition Parliament for the establish ment of a military force in Cook's Straits, to protect them from the repeated aggressions of the aborigines, who, they say, have the power at any time to massacre the whole British popula tion—a consummation often threatened by Rau paraha, the chief engaged in the late calamitous affray. If a military force is already required for the protection of the British settlers in New Zealand, all that we can say is, that people at home have been egregiously duped as to the character of its population, and the conditions of its settlement ; or the settlers themselves have grossly transgressed their own laws of colonisa tion, and violated the rights of the aborigines. When it was first in contemplation to plant this colony, we heard of nothing else but the moral influence of the civilized colonists upon their savage neighbours, and the mutual interest of the two races to maintain a friendly intercourse with each other. Now we have a complaint that Auckland is defended both by police and troops of the line, whilst Wellington and its neighbour- hood are exposed to the savage attacks of a san guinary foe. We trust .that the fears of which this petition is eloquent are at least premature, if not wholly without cause. We do earnestly hope that all the prospects which were once held out of a pacific and bloodless colonization will not be deformed by cruel and bloody animosities, in which the skill of civilization will vie with the untutored malignity of barbarism in the deadly walk of internecine extirpation. Let not the fears of the New Zealand settlers precipitate them into a contest which will be attended with certain success, but no less certain dishonour. They have undertaken to govern the colony and subdue its inhabitants by the moral power of gentleness and justice. It is a great undertaking, but a noble one. May they be able to perform it thoroughly. CHRONICLE.—Senor Gonzales Bravo has prorogued the Cortes, preparatory to a dissolu tion. Verily, this gentleman and his chief, Narvaez, have adopted the French State maxim of employing the three requisites for success : De l'audace—de l'audace—et toujours de l'audace. A case of unexampled impudence is that of the editor of the Guiriguay. Thrust into office as a locum tenens, and not only hooted as unworthy by his political antagonists, but even condemned as intolerable by the leaders of his own party, such as Martinez de la Rosa—for this man to an nihilate the Cortes which overthrew successively Espartero and Olozaga, shows that buffoonery may triumph where honesty and talent fail. But Narvaez, it must be admitted, has shown the great quality of courage—unflinching, indomit able courage, which defies alike the military rival, the political foe, the assassin, and the muti neer. Some months back he was a most ob noxious exile, repudiated by even the anti- Esparterists of Barcelona. He gained a footing, however, at Valencia, and from that moment he has battled and pushed • his way, setting aside every rival, till he stands alone, uncontrolled, a fearless dictator by the side of the throne. It is evident that .Narvaez has talent and ambition for anything, and that lie is restrained by neither scruple nor respect. He came to Spain as the agent of Louis Philippe and Christina, whom he has hitherto obeyed and served. But he is not a man to be long the tool of the beggarly family policy of either. A fellow like lgarvaez, who really seems the only individual in Spain with a head upon his shoulders, cannot but be conscious of all he might do, either in the way of selfish or of patriotic ambition. He is annoyed, it is said, at the pusillanimity of the French King in not giving his son as husband to Isabella, and securing the Spanish throne. He is said not to chime in with the precious and insincere scheme, of which Lord Aberdeen was the dupe, viz., the marriage of the Queen to her Neapolitan uncle. And it appears that Narvaez has come to some agree ment with Don Francisco de Paula. Whether he has frightened hini (Spanish notabilities of the present day seem to lose their wits now and then. in needless alarm—witness Olozaga's fli g ht), or cajoled him, or sincerely come into his . wishes, does not appear. Enough is seen of Spanish politics at present to make us expect that which gives interest to history and romance, viz., the unforseen. And, for our parts, we should be surprised at nothing. In the mean time the old Liberal party has re-united in oppo sition to the audacious soldier and his Ministerial puppet. The leading Esparterists and the anti- Esparterist Liberals met on the 27th, and both Cantero and Caballero candidly avowed the fault they had committed in overthrowing Es partero. Tardy justice is thus done to the Re gent, who is already looked to as the only man capable of saving Spain from the hands of the Retrogrades and Afrancesados. POST.—The arrival of an extraordinary cou rier yesterday afternoon furnished us with the means of communicating to our readers, in a third edition, the important news from Spain comprised in the Madrid journals of the 27th ultimo, as well as in our private advices from that capital. The rumours which we have re peatedly noticed, as to the Gonzales-Bravo Ca binet designing either a dissolution or a proroga tion of the Cortes, were well founded, although it was not expected that they would come to so serious a resolution so early. On the 27th a decree to that effect was published. Great anxiety was felt as to the effect the suspension of the sittings of the Cortes would produce, the influence it would exercise over the provinces being the principal object of solicitude. The C'or responsal of the 27th is the only print of that date that seems to be already informed of the measure having been adopted, and it expresses itsastonish- Ment at it. The Opposition journals, Eveetador and Eco dwell only on rumours connected with it, but in such way as to denote the wrath it will ex cite in their party. The Eco mentions a meet ing, held the day before by the Madrid electors of Progress party, in which they unani mously hoisted the banners of the Ist Septem ber, 1840. Most of the journals express them selves in favour of the Queen-Mother's return. In the Asturias a manifestation to that effect has taken place an address to the Queen having been signed at Gijon by several thousands of persons, and - conveyed to the Queen by the Count de Re villagigedo and M. Castor Canedo. By a Royal decree of the 20th ult., countersigned by M. Carrasso, " the public finances are to administer from the Ist of January, 1844, the Puertas duties in all the capitals of provinces and ports where they are not yet re-established on the finances account." The preamble to this decree says that the abolition of the Puertas duties was one of the measures by which Espartero wanted to render impossible all Administrations that did not suit his revolutionary views, and that their revival is necessary to restore an equilibrium between the receipts and expenses of the country. GLOBE.--Some men are born to fame ; others gradually work their way upward from obscurity to distinction; a few burst upon the astonished vision of their contemporaries, and become the " observed of all observers." Mr. Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs is of the latter class. The fame of this worshipful and worthy civic functionary has travelled far and wide. The press has largely chronicled his feats. Punch has burlesqued his punctuality, skill, and fidelity, as a keeper of cash-accounts pertaining to public business. The Court of Chancery will shortly record, if it do not confirm, his claims to the unlimited and enduring respect and confi dence of the citizens of London, and exhibit him as the model after which all public officers should endeavour to form their habits. These, it is true, are perishable records—memorials which may be obliterated from the public mind by the action of passing events upon it ; and thus injustice be done to the now acknowledged merits of Mr. Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs. The Rev. Dr. Croly, the Rector of St. Ste phen's, Waibrook, the parish of which th e Alderman is Churchwarden, has prevent e d th e occurrence of an event su much to be deprecated. The waters of Lethe would be inoperative in pro ducing obliviousness of Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs' name and achievements. Dr. Croly has secured to this distinguished character immor tality among mortals. The man may die—the memory of the functionary will survive the tomb. Dr. Croly has rendered a monument unneces sary ; or, if the customary marble record of the living merits be placed over his remains, the most appropriate inscription would be in extracts from the speech of the Reverend Doctor at the vestry meeting of yesterday. The mira culous achievement of " the select"—wrought iu the presence of Dr. Croly, on the 22d ult. when they did the work of weeks in a few minutes—is hit off with a felicity of description truly graphic. The precautions taken against interruption, by planting police-officers at the church doors, and the Alderman's " foolish son John " at the inner door, which was also locked against intruders; while the self-chosen and ap proved select assembled in the vestry-room, with the sextoness standing without, her back to and in contact with the locked door, to defend the sanctorum of the self-con stituted body—the difficulties which the Rev. Doctor encountered and surmounted in gaining entrance to this scene of parochial hocus pocus— the endeavours he used to convince the Wal brook Magi of the inutility of the perfbrmance in which they were engaged—the rapid progress of the proceedings—and their gratifying result to Mr. Alderman-Churchwarden Gibbs—all these are sketched by the hand of a master. They constitute but the back-ground of the picture— the mere attendants on the chief personage; and are introduced to give effect to the piece. A full length figure of the hero is exhibited—paintedin a. styleof art which, for the fidelity of the likeness, commands, and will obtain, general admiration. The Rev. Doctor supplies a companion-picture to that already given of Alderman Gibbs, in the character of Trustee of St. George the Martyr Apprenticeship legacy. The guinea legacy left I . by sonic pious parishioner of days long since • joined to the years before the flood, to be paid to the Minister of St. Stephen's for preaching a sermon on Good Friday, had passed into Alder man Gibbs' keeping, as perpetual churchwarden; whence, with considerable difficulty, it was extricated, and the arrears of eight years— the whole period of Dr. Croly's incumbency —paid. Whether Doctor Croly's predeces sor was equally successful in obtaining the pious legacy may be doubted. Alderman-Church warden Gibbs' eighteen years' unaudited aecounts with the parish, when printed and published, will probably give a satisfactory explanation of this, and many other parochial mysteries, which have been lone- concealed, but will be then made tnanifest. Alluding to the worthy functionary's skill in keeping the parishioners out of their church, Dr. Croly, by a flight of genius, • assumes that Alderman Gibbs would make an excellent Governor of Newgate. His arrange ments for keeping the prisoner s i n gao l wou ld , it is thought, be as effectual as those employed for keeping the parishioners out of church " He would make a capital Governor of New gate, with the wards as a provision for the minor branches of his family, and, perhaps, the Trea surership of the Sheriffs' Fund (!) to complete the recreations of his cell." The following allu sions are too plain to be mistaken, and too admonitory to the body to which they are addressed to fail of their effect :—" It is no matter to me if the livery of L on d on w ill harness themselves to his chariot or his sledge— if the Corporation hold out to him their embrace, shape 4hemselves into a select vestry, and make him their perpetual churchwarden—(Laughter) —if the Board of Aldermen take him into their boat, and take their chance of the navigation— (Cheers) —if the Mansi on- house feel the weight of his footsteps, and p lac e him in its tribunal— (Cheersgtiriteubr)le—l care not. But wh en I am told, an , yourself about so unim portant cl s% l h a 3 u , o is nota n a tpersonage the true an swer i s , th at l ie a I personage." W e h ave sa id that Dr. Croly by his speech of yesterday has immortalised Mr. Alderman Gibbs. He has done so; but in a style which has effectually barred his way to the attainment of higher civic distinction. After such an exhibition of Mr. Alderman Gibbs as Dr. Croly has supplied, the Livery of London would be as likely to return to the Court of Aldermen, as a fit and proper person to fill the office of Lord Mayor tbr the ensuing year, one who had been a " surveyor of the upon the list. The thing pavements," as the Alderman who now stands next is impossible. STANDARD. The Times has t o -d a y an article upon the- s tate and prospects of manu factures, with most of the propositions of which, as well as with its general conclusion, we entirely agree. It is quite true, as our Con temporary asserts, that " employment in the coming more the staple e m p lo yment of he r p eo p le, great manufacturing b usiness of this c o untr y is be and the prosperity of her manufacture more and more the staple prosperity of the empire." No less true, and much more gratifying, is it that at present " the return of the state of manufactures is not simply favourable but highly encouraging." From these truths ninny useful and important inferences may be drawn. First, that the pur suit. which thus advances in absorbing the employment of the capital of the country — for without absorbing the capital it cannot engross the employment—has certainly suf fered no undue depression under the exist ing state of the law; secondly, we must add with pain, that this progress of manufac tures is not nec essar il y acc ompanied by any improvement of th e l a b o urin classes, either g as its cause or its consequ ence. Indeed, we see enough to d emonstrate that even an infi nite increase of manufactures would not and could not permanently improve the condition of those classes; it would merely lead to larger investments of capital, and fiercer com petition among capitalists; while- the wages and condition of the labourer must remain the same, or, if possible, suffer a depression from the influenc e o f compet ition —for the profits of capital must be ret urne d, whoever is to be the sufferer. One can imagine the case of a society, composed of a sin g l e emp l o y e r, and a population of slaves, employed i n m anufactures; what would the popul at i on o f s laves gain by any amount ofincreased demands upon the employer, if it should not be increased toil ? But let us advance a step further, and suppose three or four employers, with a lik e increase of demand, w hat would the wor ki ng population gain ? Would they not be made worse, by the com petition of these three or four employers, each anxious to obtain as much of the increased demand as possible, arid each, therefo r e , tr ying. to underbid his comp e titors, which he could do only by underpaying his labourers? But the number of employers is, with us, unlimited, and in the event of a greater demand for goods, it would increase in a ratio far beyond the augmented demands, thus still more severely grinding the working class; for it cannot be too often repeated, that the competi tio&which must ever exist in such a case will be a competition to produce at the lowest price, i. e., at the lowest rate of wages. It must be, how ever, the less necessary to press this considera tion, because we have seen the experiment tried by a thirty years' proof, and the result is, that on the whole wages decline as manufacturing ex ports multiply. The second inference Whin vie draw from the premises furnished aboVe by the Mims, is the precarious nattire of the pros perity based upon manufacturleg suCCess. The present prospects (31 manufacturers are " not . simply faVotirable, Ina highly encouraging." Tids is a relative commendation ; it implies that lately the prospects of manufacturers Were not favourable nor encouraging, but the reverse; and, indeed, our Contemporary distinctly admits as much in the introductory part of the sen tence partially quoted. The prosperity of the empire and the happiness of the people, how ever, are surely not safely committed to a pur suit subject to 9ttelt Violent fluctuations. As to the labouring classes, indeed, their condition varies but little, for the melancholy reason, that scarcely at any time can it be made worse than it is at all times. Our respected Contemporary proceeds to ascribe the improved condition of manufacturing industry to the operation of the late tariff, which it treats as an experiment in free trade. 'We fully concur in the beneficial effects assigned to the tariff, but we can not admit that that financial adjustment is to be considered as, in any respect, an experiment in free trade. The pc:oof that it is not such an experiment, will be found in the fact that nearly all the important taxes reduced were taxes for revenue, not tor protection. The tariff and the property tax are to be taken together a.S one great measure of flaancial reform— an approach to a more equitable distribution of the public burdens. As such they have operated most beneficially upon the home and colonial markets, and it is thus that they have restored manufacturing industry. If in truth the tariff is to be considered as an experiment in free trade, it i 3 an experiment that has wholly failed; for it has not pi ()cured the admission of a single yard of co: ton or of one penknife into any country of the world upon terms more flyourablethan before. This the Time: itself candidly admits, when it says that " so far as foreign tariffs are concerned, the result has been, it must be owned, absolutely nothing." The tariff; 110,vever, has not tailed ; it has most happily succeeded in contribut ing to our present prosperity and in opening the road, as we firmly believe, to still greater prosperity hereafter; but it has not failed, because it wis not an experiment in free trade. As to the foreirri tariffs, we are per haps unpatriotic in saying that we are no proper judges of their wisdom or . folly, for your perfect patriot has no charity for the patriotism Of the natives of other countries. There are, however, certain general principles of which we ought not to lose sight in pronotincin!2: upon the acts of our neighbours; and one of these principles is, that an enlightened and liberal self-love is as commendable in Governments as it is pardonable in individuals. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. CITY, WEDNESDAY EVENING. POST.—Notice was received to-day at the Stock Exch.nge from the Bank of England, to the effect that it is not intended to restrict the time for transfer of the Stocks about to open, on Saturday next, the 6th inst., being the first transfer day, to the hour of one. The Government broker made a purchase of Three per Cents. Reduced Stook at the price of 93. The amount taken was, however, only to 10,0001., and the dealings generally in the public securities were of limited extent, but the markets have, nevertheless, been sustained at within a shade of yester day's quotations. Mr. Robert Moate (broker), in his annual review of the London metal market, states that the year just closed has been remarkable for a generally good business, and that the prospects of the trade for the approaching spring are cheering. The prices of spelter have not varied so considerably as usual, the little excitement occasionally gut up among the holders having subsided again without exercising an influence beyond the im mediate range of the connection. The shipments to India have been heavy, and the latest correspondence from Calcutta gives reason to believe, that although the reduc-d quotation is still a paying one, buyers were beginning to be cautious in their purchases, The supply from Germany has proved larger than common, so that no apprehension need be felt, as heretofore, about the sufficiency of stocks. Holders are firm at 221. ss. to 221. 10s. Rolled zinc has greatly increased In consumption, and is, in a variety of cases, preferably adopted as a substitute for other metals. The demand is steady, and the price 281. per ton fur common dimensions. Iron, during the year, has been subject to numerous fluctuations. At one pe riod it was thought that a permanent improvement in its value might be calculated on, but the production of British it on con tinues so extensive that the expectation of such a state of things has vanished. It is now the prevailing conviction that, what ever quantity may be taken off by the markets to which it is admitted, no sensible impression will be made on the supply. " The price," says the Review, " occasionally rises, it is true; but as certainly falls again immediately." Swedish, at one period of the year, was depressed to almost the lowest point on record, but some purchases for India and America rapidly raised it to 11/. 10, the demand, since which, having ceased, the value has receded to 101. 10s. Russian in the hands of a single holder is, although some inferior parcels have been sold at low rates, held at 131. Britiih Iron rules as follows, per ton : -Bars in London, 41. Iss. ; ditto in Liverpool, 4/. 7s. 6d. ; ditto in Wales, 41. ss. ; pigs in ditto, 31. ss. ; ditto in Clyde, 21. Is. ; hoops in London, 7/. ; ditto in Liverpool, 6/. 155.; sheet in ditto, 71. 10s. ; ditto in London, 81. ; rails in Wales, 5/. 4s. ; castings of every description, from 71. Swedish steel has been exposed to the same ups and downs in the market as Swedish iron, having gradually descended of late from the former figure to 161. Ws. and 171. The stock here is mode rate, while that at Gottenburgh is very small. Hopes of more orders for India are in the meanwhile encouraged. 'fin has been moderately supplied, and though, some time ago, at a low ebb, a speculative demand for the metal has had the effect of restoring it to a fair position in the scale of prices. It is now believed that the production of tin in this country is not more than commensurate with the demand for various market's. Copper is firm, stocks having much diminished, pending the strike of the workmen for an advance of wages ; few of the manufacturers are willing to accept large orders for imatedit.te execution, even at the improved rates, which are-for sheathing, sheets, bolts, &c., 9:;4d., tile 841., and tough cake 831., all in London, and less the discount, of course; if taken in Wales, the price is 2/. a ton less. Lead has scarcely rallied throughout the year. The demand in the London market, for exportation, has fallen off, in consequence of the direct supplies of the Missouri lead to all the markets of the world, and which would appear to have become a favourite wherever introduced. Soft pig on board, in London, is 171. 55.; at an outport, 161. 15s. Quicksilver, with a full stock, re mains at 4s. 6d., and the prospects for the article are without the smallest change. Cochineal continues in good request. The public sale of the 29th ult. went off at very full rates. Black is worth from 4s. 6d. to 6s. ; silver, 4s. 3d. to ss. Saffron of the new crop has sold at 465., and is held firmly. Such is the summary we collect from the particulars embodied in a Mr. IVloate's annual report on a branch of our commerce that must always rank as one of leading national importance. Iron, tin, copper, and lead, are all metals the production and t tifying to observe that,. in the instance of some of these sta ttmhh a ee n ae i cpxcueurlacmtiisuoelnaotofiofEnwnehgfilicshi English h dii a nv v di e duu b s ait e r r y e w: o ae f na o ld r t e p heo; r n e ti s rt e a n )iu t s e t. d e cit h a jem y r a t m, s f o t ern fi es e , e l d igyr f o at 0.. r l o e lf as t . t o h n e l y s t t o ab i h h e t y r o e f gr t e h t e t e m d a t r h k a e t ts i t h h a a s s b u e o t t m p w r o e v l e l d m s a o i tt in thelat a l iense caseda. at least, is LAW INTELLIGENC INSOLVENT DEBTORS' COURT, Jan. 4. IN RE JAMES EDWARD MIVART, THE YOUNGER. The insolvent, whose case has been already partly repo , ted in The Sun, came up this day for his final hearing. On the last occasion the hearing was adjourned, to compel him to re-adver tise and describe himself by the name of Holies, resident at Upper Clapton. Mr. CRESSWELL stated that the insolvent was the son of the proprietor of a well-known hotel in Brook-street, Grosvenor square, and had contracted debts to the amount of nearly 6,0001. He (Mr. Cresswell) appeared on behalf of several creditors, to pray the Court would now pass judgment upon the insolvent. Mr. Spinks. of Upper Clapton, whose evidence has already appeared in The Sun at length, attended again this day, but stated no further circumstances worthy of notice. The insolvent having been sworn, The Learned CHIEF CommissioNEa said the insolvent came before the Court to be discharged for debts amounting to 5,9001., of which the greater part was without consideration. He had been already before the Court, when he was discharged from a large amount of debts, and, on that taking place, his father,"who was a most respectable and estimable man, kindly did all in his power to put an end to the foolish and reckless course which was pursued by the insolvent, and allowed him 200/. a year, with the run of his house, where, it was well known, all his wants would be well and even luxuriously sup • plied. Not content with this, the insolvent, in an incredibly short space of time, contracted debts to the amount of nearly 6,0001., without the slightest prospect of his being ever able to pay them, from every tradesman whom he could delude into giving him credit. If such conduct were not marked by a strong sense of disapprobation on the part of the Court, he thought it would be an insult to public ju•tice. 'fhe sentence upon the insolvent therefore was, that he be imprisoned for eight months from the date of the vesting order. The insolvent was then removed in custody. WINTE E. ASSIZES. OXFORD CIRCUIT-67(1110rd, Jan. 2. (Before Mr. Baron ROLFE. ) HIGHWAY ROBBERY.- Thomas Ward and John llodgkin son were charged with highway robbery on the person of Edw. Rowley. Mr. Allen conducted the case for the prosecution; the prisoners were defended by Mr. Woolryeh. The prosecutor, an elderly man, whose answers to the ques tions put to him by the Learned Counsel occasioned consider able merriment in Court, stated that, as he was returning home from Abbot's Bromley, about half-past ten on the night of the 20th of September, he was suddenly attacked by the prisoners, who plundered him of his watch and some silver that he hart about him ; and as his despoilers, whom he had known for ten years, were inhabitants of the same village where he resided, he lost no time in giving the alarm and procuring their apprehen • sion. The prisoners had been absent from home during the whole of the night, and on searching Ward, two shilling.; were found secreted in one of his boots. For the defence, it was urged that the prosecutor was in such a state of inebriation at the time iu question as to render it im possible for him to speak with any degree of certainty to the prisoners' identity, and several witnesses were called to corro borate this view of the case. lhey fiiled, however, in con vincing the jury of the inaccuracy of the old man's statemen , , for they immediately returned a verdict of Guilty. They were sentenced to be imprisoned and kept to hard labour fur 15 calendar months. The remaining cases will be easily disposed of in the course of the day. A CLEVER TRICK.—A short time q,o a man ar rived at Strasburgh from Paris with a large stock of table and chimney-clocks, opened a shop, and made a grand disp ay of his ware, but put such high prices on his articles that no one would buy them. Not many days had passed when another person came, made a seizure of the person and property of the clock-merchant, incarcerated the one, and put the wares up for sale by auction. The notoriety of the circumstances at tracted a numerous audience, and all the clocks were disposed of at extraordinary high prices. The account being wound up, the creditor released his debtor, and they both went on their way rejoicing at having done the good citizens ni Strasburgh by selling them timekeepers which would not keep time, and were not worth half the money they by their confederacy had ob tained for them. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT. OLD COURT. Orroui, 2.9,p0t-boy, was charged with burglariously breaking and entering the dwelling-house of Thomas Sprosten, ,teating two gold watches, a silver watch, a 5/. Bank of tl2lincl note, and other artieleg, value 3Q1., the property of the priisecut IVJr., Payne comities's:l the pro edition, and Mr, Wilkins de fended the prisoner. Proan the evidenee addireed itf support of the prosecution, it appeared that On titt lLd fi of Decerriber the Louse of the pro secutor, the Rising gult, Priri,cl-street, Lambeth, I,las broken into, and the property - ntentiMtecf in the indictment stolen therefrom. A strong suspicion was created that the :•: , bbery most have been committed by some person well aceueinted with the premises but the prisoner, who was employed by the prosecutor as pot-boy, was not at all considered as the g ui;ty party. Eventually, however, he was taken into custody, and a man named Spirey came forward, and stated that the prisoner had urged him to assist in robbing his master's house, and had pro - posed that he should be concealed in the house before it was eloSed foe the night, and that he should then take all the property that cuntr within his reach. The whole ease for the prosecution rested upon the evidence of the man Spirey, And another named Cowing, who deposed that after the rob lic,ry had been committed he was present when the prisoner Orrow came to a public-house where he was, and told him to sell Spirey or his friend, that he, the prisoner, and a man who went by the sobriquet of " Kiddy," were suspected of committing the robbery at the prosecutor's house, and that the police were after them. The witness Spirey in cross-examination said that he had himself been in custody upon a charge of burglary, and had often been in prison upon other charges, and it appeared very clear that his character was of such a description as to require that his evidence should receive material corroboration. The only circumstance in surport of the evidence of this witness, however, was that a screw-driver was found in the prisoner's cupboard, which corresponded with the marks on the bureau from whence a portion of the property had been abstracted. llr WILKINs addressed the jury, anti commented in severe terms upon the character and conduct of the witness Spirey, concluding by calling upon them not to give credit to testi mony of such a description. The Jury returned a verdict of Not Guilty. Josiah Liiiigan,29, carpenter, was charged with cutting and wounding, 'l'. Pike, with intent to do him grievous bodily harm. Mr. Clarkson defended the prisoner. It. appeared that the prosecutor wai with his wife at Battle bridge on the 27th of December, and the latter having stopped for a moment to look into a shop, the prisoner, who was intoxi cated, came up to her, and putting his arm round her waist., made rise of some offensive expression towards her. The pro secutor upon hearing his wife give an alarm came to her assist ance, and a scuffle took place between him and the prisoner, during which he received some injury, which was, however, of a trifling description. The weapori w►th which it was inflicted, a screw driver, was found in the possession of the prisoner. The .Jury found the prisoner guilty of an assault, and ac qui•t^d him ot the felony. The proecutor recommended the prisoner to mercy, and he was sentenced to one month's imprisonment. The Grand Jury were discharged in the course of the afternoon. NEW COURT. (1e:"ore the COMMON SERGEANT.) Several ea , es of petty larceny, of a very ordinary description, were disposed of during the morning. Thomas Smith was charged with stealing 701hs of lead, on the 16th of December, the property of Mr. Gunstore, his master.—Guilty. To be imprisoned in the House of Correc tion tor three months. _ _ _ ..... Thomas Knight, aged 14, and Thomas Smith, aged 12, were charged with stealing, on the 27th of December, four handkerchiefs, value 10s., the property of .111 r. Henry Mills, and another. . . . The case was clearly proved, and the prisoners found Guilt:: . The first pri=oner hart been convicted of a previous offence. Both of them belonged to a well-known gang of thieves. The Learned JUDGE said he thought the best thing he could do for such young incorrigible thieves was to transport them for seven year , , with an understanding that they should be sent to the Penitentiary. Mary Davis was charged with stealing a cloak, and found guilty of the offence, and was sentenced to be imprisoned in the Howe of Correction for :ill calendar months. James Ashton, a little boy, was charged with stealing a loaf from a baker's cart, on the Ist instant.—Not Guilty. POLICE INTELLIGENCE.. (YE :AT ER DA Y. ) MANSRLY-H 0 USE. The Loan MAYOR upon taking the Chair direott'd that the officers appointed.to attend to the immediate vicinit y of St. Paul's, should appear to answer f or h av i ng p e rmitted a% most • disgraceful contest between th e c ondu c t or s o f omn ibu s es there on the preceding day for a passenger. He had been infnr. - ned that notwithstanding the strict injunctions which he had Vut a few days ago given, that omnibus and cab obstructions shou, l el in no instance be allowed to pass unnoticed by the police, L' laxity in the discipline, commenced with so much activity, had already appeared in the street. He had heard that the drivers had relapsed in some parts of the great thoroughfares into their old practice of loitering, and he could not ascribe such disobedience to the orders which had been issued to any thing but the remissness of the police. He should, there fore, make the policemen in each district responsible to the public, and cause the dismissal of such of them from the force as neglected so important a duty, by immediate applica tion to the Commissioner. His Lordship also took occasion to observe that the contract to which he had on Tuesday last re ferred, with respect to the work of the scavengers, did not seem to be acted upon even since the exposure of its frequent violation had taken place. He called the attention of Major Shaw, the Superintendent, to the latter fact, and said he should expect that a copy of the contract which was on Wod nesday published in the newspapers, and which contained in detail the specific direction, would be pasted up at every station house, so that the policeman of every district might make him se!f acquainted with the duties which the scavengers had to perform, and summon such of them as neglected to do what the contract pointed out. It would not be imposing an onerous duty upon the force. as the men could easily ascertain whether the scavengers a'tended to sweep the stree'.s in the several localities at the hour specified in the paper. The Superintendent said he would take care that a copy of the contract should be put up in every station-house, and that the men should he ordered to summons those who neglected to perform the terms of the contract before the Commissioners of Sewers. His LORDSHIP added that he had no doubt of the determi nation of the Commissioners of Smsers to inflict the penalties enumerated in the contract, which was as binding as an Act of Parliament. Mr. Grainger, the owner of several cabs, was called upon by a cab-driver, named Ettridge, to answer a complaint under rather singular circumstances. Between two and three months ago Ettridge wasbrought before the Lord Mayor upon the complaint of one of the officers of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, who stated that the driver had driven a horse upon whose shouldeis and back there were sores. A fine of 40s. was demanded upon the conviction of the driver, who preferred, at all events, the alternative of confinement in a prison for fourteen days, and was accordingly committed. The driver, it appeared, had, upon entering w ritten agreement, by which it was settled that the master should retain in his possession the license of the driver as secu rity for the payment of 12s. a day for the use of the cab and horse, and the license lay in the master's desk for the sum of 31. 195., due in accordance with the eondition of the instrument at the time the summons was applied for. Ettridge obtained the summons for the detention of his license upon the reprs sentation that as he had suffered the penalty in its most grievous shape for having driven a horse which, whatever might he its condition, had been supplied to him by his master, he had an unquestionable claim to his license, denying at the same time that the debt to his master was more than four shillings, which, when offered once, he had rejected. Ettridge stated that he went into the employment of Mr. Grainger last April, and subsequently signed the agreement alluded to, dated the 25th of September. He was afterwards harged with having driven a horse iv,th a sore hark, and im prisoned for the time stated. Upon coming out of prison he again went into the service of 31r. Grainger, but on Tuesday week he left it, having received notice to go. On Thursday he applied for his license, but he could obtain no satisfaction, and he could not get employment without being able to pro duce that authority. The Loan Mayon said it was a question whether an Act of Parliament which was made for the public did not altogether destroy the effect of an agreement which appeared to have been made in contravention of it. The tendency of the agreement seemed to him to be incompstible with the spirit of the Act. The solicitor to Mr. Grainger said that at all the police courts agreements of the kind were recognised, and, in fact, if they were not, the owners of cabs could not conduct their busi ness at all. He then quoted the tith and 7th Victoria, cap. 86, sec. 23, which says—" Provided alwajs, and be it enacted that it shall not be lawful, either in any court of law, or before any justice of the peace, to enforce the payment of any sum of money claimed from any driver or conductor by any pro prietor on account of the earnings of any hackney carriage or metropolitan stage carriage, unless under an agreement in writing, which shall have been signed by such driver or con ductor," Sce. &c. The driver, he said, had acted very badly, and it appeared from the summons, upon the hearing of which he had been imprisoned, that it was for cruelty to the horse that he htd been punished. The LORD illsron asked whether the driver had, upon coming out o f prison, signed a new agreement ? The driver replied that he had not. The Loan Mayon. then said that whether the agreement which had been signed was or was not reconcilable with the Act of Parliament, he considered that the imprisonment the driver had undergone was such a cessation from work as to constitute a virtual discharge, and therefore, after he came out of prison, no fresh agreement having been signed by him, he was entitled to his license. His Lordship added that he had observed, from the conduct of the driver, that he merited but a very small share of indulgence, and that he was bound to make reparation for the loss sustained by his master, who, upon his part, if he took care to enforce the Act of Parliament in its ' true spirit, would, to a clear certainty, get better servants. MARYLEBbA E. Henry Robins, Frederick Howard, and George Smith, three well-dressed young men, and noted members of the swell mob, were placed at the bar charged with the folovting rob bery from the house of Mr. Derbyshire, a surgeon, in London street, Cavendish-square : Joseph Leathert, a house-decorator, who for his own plea sure hunts down half the thieves in London, and who is gene rally known as " the amateur thief-taker,' said that yesterday afternoon at three o'clock he observed the three prisoners in the Strand, near Charing-cross, and knowing them well, he determined to watch their movements. He followed them into the Park, through Buckingham gate into Pimlico, where they tried many shops without succes s . He (witne , s) was obliged to leave them there, but met them at a later hour at the corner of Dover -street, Piccadilly, and fol lowed them through the Burlington Arcade, up Bond-street, Oxford-street, John-street, Charlotte-street, Mortimer-street, into London-street The prisoners at many shops in those streets tried what thoy could do in the " conveyancing trade," but were un-uccessful. They :tepi,ed in London -street at Mr. Derbyshire's shop, and Smith, first looking over the window-sash, went quietly up to the door, opened it, and went in. In a few minutes he handed a great coat out to Howard, who went under a coach-way of a mews, and there pulling off his own, he slipped it on, and afterwards his own on the top of it. Witness then went back and Observed Smith in the shop again, handing out a parcel to Robins who waited near the error. itness then called a policeman, and with his assist ance took them into custody. He might add that they were all well known, and Howard had on the preceding Tuesday been engaged in a robbery of a jeweller's shop in Regent-street, and well described in the Hoe and Cry as a young man dressed in the most fashionable manner, and sporting a gold-headed cane. Mr. Derbyshire identified the articles produced as his pro perty, and the prisoners Mere committed for trial. PRIZE FIGHT.—On Wednesday a prize-fight took place at Twyford, near Windsor, between a man named Ox f,rd, usually called the Wyehford Forester, and APGrath, which, after a contest of an hour and forty minutes, ended in the defeat of the latter. Both men were much punished, par ticularly ill'Grath, who, although the favourite at commencing, was not a match for his more powerful and scientific anta gonist. ANCIENT RUINS 111 r TEXA We have been informed by a gen tl . eman ao has a large portion of the Ink ban c9V ntry of Northern Texas, and the country, :pug I ietween Santa Fe and the Pacific, that there 1. `re vet tiges of ancient cities and ruined castles .or tei uplea on the Rio Puerco, and on the Colorado of the• wes t• He says, that on one of the branches of 11'.o Pue, "CO, a few days' travel from Santa Fe, there is an immense pile of ruins that appear to belong to an. ancient to ple. Portions of the walls are still standing, colisis•t ing of huge blocks oflimestone regi alarly hewn and iald in cement. The building occu.pi.(..'S an extent of more than an acre. It is two or t hree. stories high, has no roof, but contains many rocems, generally of a square form, without windows, and the lower roorus are so dark and gloomy that tl ley resemble caverns ratik,r than the apartments of an edifice built for a human habitation. Our informant was unable to de scribe the style or architecture, but he believes it could not he erectec. l by Spani a.;rds or Europeans, es the stones are mu,ch worn by the rains, and. indicate that the build2ng has. s tood several hun dred years. From his descriptil mwe are induced to believe that it resemble's the ruins of Palenque • or Otulun. He says t.here are many similar ruin% on the Colorado of :the West, which empiies into the Californian sea. In one of the valleys of the Cordileras trace rsed by this river, and about 490 miles from its mouth, there is a large• temple stjll standing, its walls and spires presenting scarcely any trace of dilapidation, and were it not for the want of a roof it might still be rendered habit able. Near it, scattered along the declivity of a mountain, are the ruins of what must have been once a large city. The, traces of a large aqueduct, part of which is, however, in the solid rock, are still visible. Neither the Indians res:dlng in the vicinity, nor the oldest Spanish settlers o. f the nearest settlements, can give any account of the origin of these buildings. They merely know that th'ey have stood there from the earliest periods to which thei r traditions extend. The antiquarian who is desirous to trace the Aztec or Toltec races in their migrati'ocis from the northern regions of America, may fi,id in these ancient edi fices many subjects of curious 3, peculation.—Texas Telegraph. LLOYD'S SHIPPI NG. LoNnox, airalromW. S. W.,and cloudy. DEAL, JAN. 3.—Wind S.W., moderiat .—Arrd. Maria Somes, Baker, Calcutta; Pearl, Earl, Newl'ou ndland. Dolan JAN. 9 —Arrd. Vargas, Lopez, t)t. Jago de Cuba, for Hamburgh. PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 3.—Wind S, to W.5.W:..--Arrd. Ma lacca and Duke of Bedford, London, for Madras; Erin, ditto, for Dominic?. ; Quebec, ditto, for New York. BalTrOL, JAN. 3.—Arrd. Maria, Thomas, Berbice, MARGATE, JAN. 3. —The Ocean, Watson, from ' Sierra Leone to London, on shore near Kingsgate, is bilged turd quite a wreck—cargo discharging in a damaged state. MILFORD, JAN. 2.—lt commenced blowing hard from W. S. W., at 8, r. at. yesterday, and soon afterwards shifted to N. W., with a violent show squall, and blew a atrong ga,`e. CORK, JAN. I.—Arrd. Wanderer, Newfoundland. Sld. Elizabeth, New South Wales; Lauriston, Trinidad; Indian Queen, Barbadoes ; Glengariff, Jamaica ; Henry Dune:ant Marian, and Woodstock, Charleston. YARMOUTH, JAN. 3.—The Williams, Buckton, from Dordt: to London, which arrived in the roads yesterday, has come into. harbour leaky and will have to discharge. HARWICH, JAN. 3.—The Agnes, of Jersey, from Hartle pool to Mistley, is on shore on the Cork sand, but expected of next tide. BEA ustAms, JAN. I.—Arrd. Hardware, Shaw, St. John's, for Preston. SHEERNESS, JAN. 2.—The John and William (not the John and Mary), of Blyth, bound to London, which got on the Maplin Sand 30th ult., came off the 31st, after discharging ',art of her cargo. WELLS, JAN. 2.—The Jane and Ellen, Booking, from Goole, came on shore this morning westward of the harbour. LIVERPO[ , L, JAN. 3.-IP, ind E. S.E. to S.W., moderate,-.... Arrd. Fairfield, Wilson, New York. Arrd. off, American,~ Savannah. Sld. Devon, and Patriot King, Calcutta; Agnes. Monte Video; Bazelius and Solid, Rio; William Russell,. ', 04 " Pernambuco ; Birkby and Isabella, Demerara; Jas. Duncanr Trinidad ; Wanderer, Margarita ; Zenobia, Havannah ; Bir mingham and Intrepid, New Orleans. s "ifs CORN AVERAGES. t;ENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN„ For the Week ended December 30,1643, made up from the Returns o f , the Inspector. ‘ri he different Cities and Towns in England anis Wales, per Imperial Quarter Wheat 49, 9d. Oats ' , Carley 321. 3d. , Rye AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIX WEEKS. Weeks ending WHEAT. BARLEY.I OATS. RYE. BRAN!. I TEAM, Ntrv. 25 5l 7 32 1 19 0 30 8 32 4 33 4 Dec.. 2 9 5l 1. 31 8 18 8 30 I 32 0 XI 6 I 6 5O o 3t u 18 a so 0j 31 6 32 0 :`3 30 , ..... . . imp E t:AI. AGGREGATE AVERAGES 07 THI SIX WEEKS VViwar......... 50. $d 1 Oats tsariej ...... ... 323. Od 1 Rye DUTIES ON FOREIGN COIN. • Wheat Barley ... ....... Cs. Od. 1 Rye ...... ... 103. 6t1.. Pease 10; sd• MARKE T NEWS.—YESTERDAY. HAY MAREETS. SMITHFIELD. ---Coarse Meadow Hay, 21 lOs to 31; useful ditto, 3/* .5s to 31 10s ; fine upland ditto, 3/12 6 to 31 16s. Clover Hay, 31 to 5/. Oat Straw, 1/ 65 to 11 85 ; Wheat Sty aw, 11 8s to 11 lOs p er lead. Bal l Hay and Straw sot'ci heavily, at about stationary prices. CU)JBERLAND.—Cioarse Meadow HaY,- , 2( 16s to 3/35; uselul ditto, 3/ 5s to 31 13s ; fine upland ditto, 31155 to 41; Clover Hay, ,3,? 5s to 51 ; Oat Straw, 1/ 7§ to 11 Os ; Wheat St raw, 11 lOs .tc 11 12s per load. A short supply, and a sluggish demand at late rates. WHITECHA.PEL.—Com.,ie Meadow Hay, 218 s to 3 1 ; useful ditto, 3! Si to 31 1,1, a ; fine tiplancl ditto, 3/ 12s to 3/ 18s ; Clover Hay, 31 53 to 5 / ;• Oat Straw, it 6s to 11 Ss ; Wheat Straw, 11 8s: to 1/ I . os per load. SupPlY good, and trade dull. MEAT nus.RMETs. SOUTHALL, JAN. 3.—For time of year, the supply of each kind of stock on offer ~ to-day was good, and of full average quality; still, holVev7or; the general demand was somewhat active, and, in some instances, the quota- , tions had an upward tendency.--, l 3eef, from 3s 2d to: 4s 2d ; Mutton, 3‘ 4d to 4s 8d ; Vc al, 3s 4d to 4s 4d ;. and Pork, 3s to 4s 4d - per Sibs, io sink the OA upply—Beasts, 31 ; Sheep, 2,040; Cail'es, 49; Pigs, 314 .: ItOMFORD, JAN. 3.—Prime Beasts and Sheep were 11 1 _, steady demand, at ver y f u ll p r i ces; but in other kinds", of stock comparatively little business was' transacted. -- " Beef from 3s 2d to 4s ; Mutton, 3s 6d to 4s 8d; ,Area/t 3s 2d to 4s 2d; and Pork, 3s to 4s 2d per 81bs. Suck' ling Calves, 20S to 30s ; Quarter-old Store „Pigs to 24s ; and .Milch Cows, with their spat". calf, 16• to 1915 s each. LEWES, JAN. 2.—We had a moderate supply' of stoct 4 . here to-eay, and which moved off, steadily, as follows B-ef from 3s 4d to 4s 4d ; Mutton, 3s 6d to , .45 Su; • Veal, 3s 4d to 4s ; and Pc rk, 3s to 3s 10d per 81bs. COROICIER'S IN Q UEST.—On Tuesday forenoon 0 0 ,. W. Carter, Coroner for Surrey, held an inquest at the _W.L . e . nut-tree, Lambeth-walk, on view of the body of 1 Vi,rr Mary Anderson, a widow lady, lately residing at No. v"'' Riehmonds•st ree t, W a l nu t-t ree -walk, who died sudd en ly "" her b. , d on Thursday, last. Mary Rivers deposed that b tween eleven and twelve o'clock on Thursday night she %a * s awoke by a loud knocking in the deceased's bedroom. Wi A V ' ness immediately ran up stairs, and found deceased in b groaning heavily. She almost immediately after becsol e , in-ensib:e. Witness called in medical assistance, but the de" ceased was dead before the surgeon arrived. Has no reas(LO to believe that •the deceased had taken•poison. Mr. M. r `' Wagstaff, surgeon , o f W a l eot - p l ace , sa id h e was ca": in to see the d ecease d, an d f oun d h er qu it e d ea d. were no marks of violence on the body, and witness could - not perceive th a t s h e h a d t a k en any narcot i c or po i son . could not say positively what was the cause o f d e ath; probably arose from disease of the heart. Mr. Anderson/ having been sworn, said the deceased was his mother. Wit ness believed th a t s h e h a d save d a cons id era bl e stun t e l money, which sh e k ep t i n t wo b ags . Th e d ecease d h a d to ld witness that in c ase o f h er d eat h h e was we ll prov id e d f or ; s ..A she had also frequently lent him sums of money, which , he low repaid to her. The deceased dined with witness on Christmas' day, and was then in very good health. Witness saw her 0 1 '- 1 hursday last, and upon calling at her residence on Frilay L b: found hat she was dead. On entering her apartments found the contents of the drawers, &c., turned upside doll; He discovered two empty bags, which he knew to have bel e • formerty filled with money, and all the cash he could find in L,",„ room amounted to seven farthings. The witness concluded v stating that he felt certain his mother's property had been Pe ri, loined, and hoped the Coroner would grant him a search-of rant to examine the other lodgers' rooms. The Coroner °lf served that they had met to determine the cause of death. e Mr. Anderson had any just ground o f susp i c i on , hi s 6 41 „ r id would be to apply to a magi s trat e . H e (th e C oroner ) we 'e, advise him, however, to m a k e ano th er searc h b e f ore h e did so, Other witnesses having been examined, the jury without h ie' e ; a l tation returned a ver diV i n accor d ance w ith the M testimony. IEAS AT WHOLESALE PRI CS• Good Common Bl a ck 3 s . Od. Fine Pekoe Souchon...4'. 4d . Strong Gorgon ... 3s. 4d. Superior ditto ....,4 6 . Fine ditto, Pekoe flavour..3s. Bd. Finest ditto importede••sl4 COFFEE. Good Common Os. 9d. Finest Java ...... le 'gd• Ceylon, sound and sweet Is. Od. Ditto Cuba ............ ..• 16 ' pd • Fine do., recommended _I s. 9d. Finest Mocha ............ es. Finest Ceylon, rich and mellow Goods delivered in all Country orders amounting to 5/. parts of Town daily. fires lain. sent free to all parts o f lain. Bucklersbury, MANSELL and CO., 2, On the 2. - nh of Norember, BlßTHS at Corfu, the wife of OP tail' Fitz Herbert, of the Rifle Briade, of a daughter. wife of On the 30th ult., at Bishop g sgate-street Without, the Mr. James Frith, wine -merchant, of a daughter. v c On th e I s t inst, at Stanton, the lady of the .-e-• C . Cotes, o a son. a n d On th f e 30th ult., at Hextborpe, Mrs. F. Ramsden , 0 ' 4 o rid On the 3lst ult., at Woodford, Essex, the wile of Eche Gore, Esq., of a son. On the 31st. ult., in Easex-street, Mrs. R. Miller, of On the Ist inst. Mrs G. J. Lloyd, of Thorn Cott a g e ' Brixn, of auditer. On to the l a t d insst bar r ister, of the wife of William Hodges, Esq. , - ar of a daugl ter. N or folk' On the Ist i ns t., th e l a d y o f Alf re d K eyser , Egg., ° crescent, Hyde-park, of a son.: . r. Pi On the 3d inst., at St. am MARRIED es's Church, Piccadilly, Stile. L. Jones, of Salt-hill, Kinvown, near Dublin, to Anne , a ughter of Alexander Lowe, Esq. On the 19th of J u l y last, at W el lington , New keal as,a, a, Hunter, Esq., Major of that settlement. • Lon! lon : Printed and Published by AIURDO a r u`' No. 112, Strand, at The Sun Office, No. 11 2 , Striu the County of Middl esex , Frisky, January 5,1844' ' : , 4 `.