The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-30 00:00:00

EWS ?EE• . -ery am -10 bales ; sid. to 6d. to merican, Lam and prem.; Western Orleans, tes this very ire.- ?ects the another iciples of ite paper will by upheld, dollars; the new ide trust , e plea of ving will dford de- TS. and the receiver. re these violation utes, re after the ;junction this case the title orations" porations The Bth orised by be made )r of any The 9th poration, aw ; and nce, any i s, as we a to, the span . )enefit of Bank of es as the 18 made A, about vo trusts ors ; but the Tylee, restments the said any pre lbsequent 3sed. The 3 by their than two eated. tinting to Englln?cl )0 dollars• ed trusts, void :--- atever of )3 , officer's s. receiver )n of in ' England o transfer s, 500,000 fractional er politi ;overnor ith much value of tether for 3 Ma just is at 97#. t are now been sold the early q uoted hin about Excbe" ave beetr - rn Stock Stment of the PriC e vents.fo r Id at 47i; gents., at fall NO i© i n the rices.__ LO(K• 195 I°. I i 13-101 CLOCK• NE. D --- o 0 --" hlr 1 11°1'- foll° 19"' !Olin tiel4 • B . 1 Rid on, .27 so P 95 • 1 ,,,, ' 69 P . 69 P . ' 69 Pill ~,,.._ 0 .0' 0 ..... 0 ••••." i +lse 7 97k ;4 3Si I a 1k 11 2i 1 I it deep Lica,_ t ," e a ;00- , Lor' debComitf ras bort' e. his fig i n 10, i ; her, tile b Ct f State LAw-- INTELLIGENCE. 811ERIFF'S COURT.—(THIS DAY.) (Before Mr. Under-She r iff Kr,sxE DY.) OF. PROMISE OF MARRIAGE.—CHANNING V. BURGE. ,1118 Was an acti on b y th e p l a i nt iff to recover compensa f,ll in da esdant. l;nages for a breach of pro m i se o f m a r riage by the sm Arr. James appeared for the plaintiff, and Mr. Thomas con %meted the defence. Judgment was allowed to go by default. " dot From she evidence for the plaintiff it appears that the de- master baker, residing in Pentonville. He some 4e iptesince became acquainted with the plaintiff, Miss Mary Z 4. at which time he carried on business Edgeware-ro a d. The acquaintance lasted some time, -uu a correspondence (which was read) took place between the 13ar ties, who at several times visited places of amusement to- Nether, and on their return from the Eagle Saloon one evening, 3 7`e Premise alluded to was given. Subsequently the inti- E mac y "mid, and the defendant married a Miss Holliday, d Present wife. He then disposed of his business in the 'oirgeware-road to his foreman, who paid him 651. premium for th l 'oad to his foreman, who paid him 651. premium def the house, and 10 per cent. off a premium of 100/. The Well, went into business then at 45, Ray-street, Clerken iThu which.house belonged to hisresent wife's mother. Mr. 4 — es described the plaintiff as a person of great personal attractions,3B aged. bein g 32 years, but a witness deposed to her bMr Thomas described the case as a most trumpery one, vle l n i si th nattiffbeing forty years of age, and his client not only age, but lik ew i se a w id ower , with two children, be 'tdhe came acquaint e d w ith the plaintiff, and he trusted amage s would be merely nominal. ieae Learned Under-Sheriff summed up, and the jury, Plaints having retired some time, returned a verdict for the Damages, 60/. 11 C/LICE INTELLIGENCE. SL E RKENWELL-(THIS DAY.) 1118 a Ital ian named Mouen zir was charged with violently police constables 101 and 240 G. th e e former constable being on duty in Hatton-garden on Previous night, heard cries of "Police, Murder," pro ,g,frrn Greyille-street. He hastened thither, and saw 'Were of about 150 persons in the street, most of whom . e w r i t e r,l i ! an a• As soon as he attempted to interfere to restore n a Prisoner felled him to the ground with a blow, and de n ' 4l v ll kicked him so violently on the sides and abdo paiie, that he still felt great pain from the injuries received. pii m e cellstable, 240, came to his assistance, but him too the liner ;am and cuffed in a very brutal manner. et i : G litEN D sentenced the prisoner to pay a fine of 10 gin iprisonment. NION HALL.-(THIS DAY.) Nyf ord rs Sparks, formerly shopman in the employ of Mr. 4 ealiinZ, ll Pawnbroker in the New-cut, was charged with Th e " l4 ; the property of his master. iIl th prisoner had left his situation in October last, but was ke en : habit of calling there occasionally to see the house- A few evenings ago the :prisoner called at the com bat"atr's, and having remained some time there he took his ture rather hastily. The next morning it was observed geti t he c ash-box, containing the above sum, was gone, it w . er with a watch and chain. Upon subsequent inquiry tr k :4 f ound. that the prisoner had absconded, and he was Wh e ,", to Folkestone, whither he had gone by railroad. too tle ' ta ken into custody but a small portion of the stolen elecl aat l Yaa found in his possession, and he at once made a Ras then o f hie guilt, and said that keeping bad company . master ,cause of his acting dishonestly towards his late Pris o • in the course of the inquiry it was stated that the 11447, after the robbery, had hired three gigs, each of loos e s mashed in driving about the country with some ish, we W asi Ilrise ller, who declined saying anythingm . his defence, ,etnancted. Triz MUSIC. Z 4 Ty, ENGLISH QUADRILLE. By Jull;en. 'LSE A DEUX TEMS. Composee pour les bour,l3als dela C our d'A ng l e t erre , p ar Jullien. YUET ROYAL. Valle. Composed for her T h. _ Maje s ty' s S ta t e B a ll s b y Juliien. fr...4e"e bri lliant compositions are already familiar to the are titers D .;,„ of M. Jullien's Promenade Concerts, where they eoei lt „",Y received with the most rapturous applause.. Our kid , -, ,iriends will now have an opportunity of appreciating Pial lo ` e ieYing them. They are published as solos for the ~eut.!is duets for the same instrument, with accompani 4aq 2. 4 'r the flute, violin, and cornet piston ;as septu9rs; ad,":lth the full score for the grand orchestra. These piano bro l i ti h e t zla are exceedingly clever, all the effects are well Pop e out, and we have no doubt but that they will be as tlie atr a e r in the drawing-room as they are already in the Zt s , 23 itiE TA MORPH° SE S VAL SE S.. Com "Th°42.Pour les Bala d e l a C our d'A ng l e terre, par Her . 1 444 Ifcenig. 14 , 41ECKLENB URGER STREL I TZ by 4L7 Z Composed for her Majesty's State Balls, liermann Kcenig. T HE BIRD OF PARADISE WALTZ. is 14 11 . r By Hermann Kcenig. beeps .`"ertig; the first cornet piston player in . the w . orl t d, eftposer of these beautiful waltzes and bids fair o peed, — ,Z e s great a composer as he is acknowledged to be a teuk .)-- ' er • These compositions are the works of one whose te rt i e T i l_ge,nius . is of a very . high order. Les Metamorphoses, rilli at " 41 Y, is a composition of the most original character, W or k t, effective, and expressive. Herr Koenig is cap_abl . e ef lif . 'P ," Produce higher order than waltzes and quadrill aid an opera - which "the world would not en g ;,,,Y let die." We shall watch the career of Herr Kcenig as 1 1 1,"Peser with great interest, and we hope soon to meet again. FATAL ACCIDENT. Poo - -axly thi s (S atur d ay ) morn i ng t h e lif e l ess b o d y o f a to , old man, named George Halford, a well-known t : i- higler, was found lying in the turnpike-road be enn Leicester and Uppingham, near Skeffington, about miles from the former town. It appears that the Unfortunate man frequently started from Leicester at midnight for Uppipgham, with a load of coals, and there 411 no doubt but that he has lost his life by indulging in ' 4 dangerous habit—a ludi crous i nstance o f w hi c h he re lated but a short time ago top the person who now re torts. to us his untimely death. It seems that he left •Leicester one night about twelve o'clock for Uppmgham, und as soon as be passed the toll-gate on the Humber 4tolle-road, got on_the top of the coals, where, being a little the worse for .drink, he stretched himself at full le ngth , and speedily fell asleep. • How long he remained oblivious of the world and its cares :he knew not, but Wh en he awoke, some two or three hours afterwards he an d himself he knew not where, among some houses, :d his horse standing as still as a post. Not recog tising the place when he awoke, and the night being ex iedingly dark, he knew not which way to st ee r, so a t as resolved to knock u p one o f th e villagers, arid ask te to. his wh erea b outs. He accord i ngly did so, and was sawarded for hi s t rou bl e by ascertaining thathis horse taken the wrong road, and strayed. into Humber -tare. As we bef ore observed, this story doubtless con as the key to the poor old man's melancholy end. 4 ikne, deceased was a widower, having lost' his wife b u t j o e t Z *weeks ago, and resided in Lower Sandacre-str ee t, town. By his death, we regret to state, several ' - 'en are left orphans.—Leicestershire Mercury. fo l i t i \ , 4P OLEON B ORN ON A Rua !,-illt is a curious fact r a"sPoleon—destined to be the Imperial rul was er ho of m Fran en c a e Nvr etei !ilu . , e, dictator of nearly ' Ol Europe of R I L e ` i rug —no very exalted resting-place . for the mother (4 4 , e4 a son ! Madame Bonaparte was at mass , r. felts fete . of Notre Dame of August, when she was ON e I, 1.1 with the pains of child-birth, and had scarcely reached_ henover ho . r when the future hero saw the light in Corsica, where trid e4lai ned until he was nine years of age. It . may . be f 1\•, Y said that the termination, as well as the beginning o )leons career was on a rugged spot ! Ti t tN ERAL OF THE LA TE E CCENTRIC DR • SWINEY.— To krzcc4u E xitturnox.—Yesterday being the day appo i nted . A for funeral of the late Dr. George Swiney, some part.i till',utls relative to whose eccentricities and death appeared m .. len=to on Wednesday last, the neighbourhood of Cara (la,. tzl ‘ru Was, during the whole of the after portion of . the r o •T,2. in the greatest excitement, every person being anxious b a :'ew suck a strange sight as a funeral, the whole of the Tat'ealThernalia of which was to be yellow. From the deceased's St 'A, r i esid enee, No. 9, Grove-street, to the burial-ground of ter r,fartufe, Pratt-street, a distance of upwards of a quar tile-Is a mile, the number of persons congregated to witness - 1 ,, 01i uma rocession was so great, that a large body of / osi e , of the S Division, under Mr. Superintendent Carter and tilie' t s'r Aggs, were obliged to be present, to'keep any perms R like order. At the ground only a limited numlier of stati ons were admitted, as it required many policemen 'to be to (Zl_ed here to prevent the people from entering en masse, te l'uoValt was the pressure. About a quarter before two, h svill ~f4 te er tege made its appearance, and, agreeably to the sturhi the deceased, the coffin was covered with yellow cloth, 3'ell added with white nails. On getting into the street, a it. 4 1 1 ° . 'velvet pall, edged with white silk, was ,thrown over sk mulecliately after the coffin came three young _girls, the yea s about fourteen years, and the other two about twelve t o the I aq. e• They were habited in white (according clro, w il), with violet-coloured cloaks. Their head- Th e -- ,ermsfisted of straw bonnets trimmed with white satin. app e „,,"resses had a most singular appearance, the wearers i l l,ag - it7IL more like a party proceeding to a wed mourners of a funeral. After these came 40eautes, and then the real mourners, habited not in yellow haZ . B 48 previously announced, but in the usual moundng gro und ln this order the cavalcade proceeded to the burial- A . rea , the crowd being so dense that it was with the to cle ar difficulty it could proceed, police-officers going first I liss' ar th e way- On reaching the hrround there was much z ot, mg and hooting but whether at the strange exhibition or krvieer,, Wh at was the cause, could not-be ascertained. The very: appointed 3 for the b ur i a l o f t h e dead • waa read in a ciail„duPreesive manner by, the Rev. Mr. Chaplin, the offi the "g minister, partly in the chapel, and the remainder over eff orta a ve- At the conclusion of the ceremony, despite the so tat the police, the mass of compelled und the chapel 7 -as tahalo -it that the mourners werep to return in hired f wh orn ,- 110 late residence of the deceased. The mourners, o oth er , ur- Cox was the chief, consisted of the executors and Today fri ends of the deceased. Sul Charles is the anniversary of the martyrdom . of the ,harles the First, in 1648. The sheet which received fall Wad of Charles the First after its decapitation, is . care cliiiereserved, along with the communion late, in the it as ef Ashhurnham, in Brighton • the blood, wit which bl aeL s been almost entirely covered, now appears withea ih i ::_ The watch of the monarch is also deposited the . can 's ore;P,e movements of which are still perfect. These relics m° the possessi on o f L ord A s hb urn h am i mme di ate l y he death of the King. 110(141.AL Accinsxr BY MACHINERY. -L-MT. Baker I ' o d of Messrs. Yesterday at the London hospital, on the of i- eI A 44411 / Broad, aged-33, a boiler-maker, in the employ ller and Ravenhill, engineera, Millwall, AeZeeared by the evidence that on Saturday mornin Po il l as ar i " r 3 etea d rn Was attemptin g to put a strap on the drum-wheel and orew Stem when the strap slipped, caught his apron, d ivs _ . , , him round the shaft. The engine was stopped Rhea tie and deceased extricated and taken to the hospital, turgid I n t tws,i_irg.eons discovered that his right arm was frac ractured. Z s k te e r t d T. ° _ P lac es , besides being torn from the humerus 1 ,,,, re all f The left arm and three ribs and the right clavicle Deceased lingered until seven o'clock ab ove :iY, n ' r uir l ig, when he died from :the effects of the 1 .,, A- stibs o . erdict--" Accidental death." " ri . ption is in contemplation at Folkestone. --, ere ct tetivel b r: II a monument to the memory of the celebrated blood, arv e e Y , the discoverer of the . circulation of the ~ and several respectable inhabitants are nlllaenle:,.....y‘then:tod in collecting funds in order to raise a bo rn ‘c' to their illustrious townsman. Dr. Hary was it o n th wt, and it is intended to erect the monu•e spot of his birthplace, —Dover Telegraph. 0 ..-.' $ 40.0 0 --"' D -^" 0 .'"'' D ..-- D . '" . D ..""" II 4."" p -• t. •• •••,-. ' ~. . • .._ 0 f. c. f 55 DI UNG COURT CIRCULAR. —— WINDSOR, MONDAY.—The Queen and Prince Albert eok their usual early walk this morning. Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales and the Princess Alice were taken a carriage airing to-day, at tended by the Dowager Lady Lytte!ton. Her Royal Highness the Princess Royal was also taken her usual airing to-day. His Royal Highness Prince Albert went out shooting in the forenoon in the royal preserves, accompanied by the Earl of Liverpool, and attended by Sir Edward Bo water and Captain Meynell. The Royal party returned to the Castle to lunch. Sir Robert Peel arrived this afternoon at the Castle. The Right Hon. Baronet will dine and sleep at the Castle. Lord Stanley and Mr. Davis are expected to arrive this evening on a visit to her Majesty. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent and her Lady in Waiting will join the Royal circle at the Castle at dinner this evening. Her Royal Highness the Duchess of Cambridge, at tended by Baroness Ablefeklt, arrived in town yester day morning from her residence at Kew. Her Royal Highness returned to Kew in the afternoon. His Roy - ad Highness the Duke of Cambridge has arrived at Goodwood, Sussex, to honour the Duke of Richmond with a visit, from Petworth, the seat of Colo nel Wyndham. A Cabinet Council was held at two o'clock yesterday afternoon at the Foreign-office. The Ministers present were Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Waharncliffe, the Duke of Buccleuch, Earl of Aber deen, Lord Stanley, Sir James Graham, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Earl of Haddingdon, Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, Sir Henry Hardinge, and Sir Edward KnatchbulL The Lord Chancellor subsequently joined his col leagues. The Council sat two hours. Immediately after the Council Sir Robert Peel left town for Windsor Castle, on a visit to her Majesty. Lord Wharncliffe, Lord President of the Council, gave a grand dinner last evening at his residence in Curzon-street, to the Cabinet Ministers and the -Great Officers of State of the Queen's Household, viz., the Lord Steward, the Lord Chamberlain, and the Master of the Horse. At the meeting the Roll of Sheriffs for the pre. sent year was settled, preparatory to its being submitted to her Majesty in Council. All the Cabinet Ministers were present at the dinner, with the exception of the Lord Chancellor, the Earl of Ripon, and Sir Robert Peel. The Clerks of the Privy Council, Mr. C. Greville and the Hon. William Bathurst, Were also invited to the dinner. _ _ The Governor of the Bank of England and the Deputy Governor had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, yesterday, at his official residence in Downing-street. Viscount Canning has arrived in town, from a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. A deputation, consisting of Messrs. Mills, Carpenter, IL C. Carpenter, William Burchall, Knight, and Jones, had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The Deputation were accompanied by the City Remembrancer. THE THEATRES, &c. ENGLISH OPERA HOUSE. This theatre—the Lyceum as it is now called — was opened last night, for the first time this season, with the First Part of Shakspeare's King Henry the Fourth. The character of Sir John Falstaff, the most difficult, perhaps, in the whole range of the drama, was undertaken by Mr. Harvey Tuckett, whose duell with Lord Cardigan attracted, it may be re membered, a good deal of public attention a few years since. On first cowing forward on the stage Mr. Tuckett was received with marked approbation by a full, but not crowded house, and justified the favourable feeling of the audience by the spirit and intelligence with which he went through his part. Sonie of his points told exceedingly well—especially his catechism on honour, which he delivered in an appropriate tone of mingled sarcasm and humour. His manner, too, on being detected in his monstrous falsehoods about the "eleven men in buckram," was highly comic, and elicited a hearty burst of laughter. Mr. Tuckett pos • sesses many requisites for a successful actor ; he has intelligence, self-possession, and an evident love of the art ; but, generally speaking, we missed some thing of that quiet, oily humour which is so conspicuous a feature in the fat knight's idiosyncracy. The actor's tone wanted mellowing ; but this will come of practice, without which no one can convey to an English audience an adequate idea of Shakspeare's Falstaff. Mr. Tuckett was, also, oc casionally too active and elastic in his gait ; he did not 'move as if labouring under a mountain of flesh ; and it was with difficulty we could bring ourselves to belipve, notwithstanding his apparent bulk, that he " larded the lean earth as he walked along." These, however, are blemishes easy of removal; and as Mr. Tuekett's conception of the character was correct and distinct in the outline, and failed only here and there in -the filling up, we see no reason why he should not become a very diverting and successful Falstaff. Of the' rest 'of the dramatis personce—the less said the better. Prince Henry was cruelly marred by Mr. Melford, who went through the part with the set, for mal gravity of a Methodist parson. Mr. Wentworth rendered Hotspur a noisy, petulant boy, instead of an ardent, chivalrous warrior. As he is very young, however, and somewhat inexperienced, we are not without strong hopes of his improvement. Before the play " God Save the Queen" was sung with the usual enthusiasm ; and the evening's entertainments were closed with a drama, entitled The Miser's Well, in which Mrs. Keeley played the part of an adven turbus boy, Dolph Heylinger, with infinite spirit. The scenery in both plays waa excellent. ADELPHI. , A new three-act play, from the pen of Mr. T. Mor ton, entitled Judith of Geneva, was produced at this theatre last evening with great and deserved success. Judith (Mrs. Yates), a mechanic's daughter, has in her youth been betrothed to Julius St. Val (Mr. Lyon), an advocate, but his father disapproves of the connexion, and, in order to break it off, he entices Judith to his house, under a pretence of an assignation with her lover. He places in her way a diamond necklace—the girl, believing that this is a present from her lover, adorns herself with the jewels, and is instantly given in custody by the father, on a charge of theft. She is convicted and punished, and St. Val leaves her to her fate, although he knows her innocence. The con victed thief is deprived, from that moment, of all chance of gaining an honest livelihood—she becomes the head of a gang who spread terror throughout France and Switzerland. Herself and her asso ciates are arrested at Lyons. By her charms she eaptivates the Count Malvoisine, who procures her par don and marries her ; but her associates are condemned to imprisonment for life. The Count dies, and at the opening of the play we find the Countess living at her chateau in the neighbourhood of Geneva, the Lady Bountiful of the district, and beloved and respected by all the world. Her daughter Amy (Miss Chaplin) is on the point of marriage with Capt. Henri St. Val, tho son of the advocate, who does not recognise in the Countess Malvoisine his old flame Judith. On the morning of the wedding St. Val receives a letter, informing him that the man to whom he has entrusted the whole of his property is a bankrupt, and that he himself is a beggar. He is desirous of breaking off the match, but the Countess in sists on its proceeding, and the young couple are accord ingly married. On the same morning La Vogue (Mr. 0. Smith), a member of Judith's gang, who has escaped from prison, arrives at the chateau, and recognises in Rose (Mrs. D. Lee) the lady's maid of the Countess, his own wife. and in the Countess her self Judith, his former leader. The interview be tween La Vogue and Judith was admirably acted by Mrs. Yates and 0. Smith. She at once throws off the mask, and tells him that this appearance of virtue has only been assumed to make a grand coup. She has been getting up private theatricals in honour of the wedding, and has taken care to cast the parts so as to include all the rich persons of the neighbourhood ; and her plan is, when they have divested themselves of their jewels in order to assume the characters allotted to them, to seize the jewels and decamp with them. La Vogue, who has ' been appointed her steward, determines to be beforehand with her, and accordingly directs the carriage to be in waiting an hour before the time she had appointed, and deposits the jewels in one of the pockets of the carriage. In the meantime the marriage has taken place, and Judith then discloses to St. Val her real his tory, and tells him that the haughty family of St. Val, which was too ;proud to suffer its representative to con tract an alliance with the poor, but innocent Judith, has now connected itself with the base-born daughter of Judith, the swindler and thief. This, the most power fully written scene of the play, was acted with a thrill ing intensity by Mrs. Yates and Lyon. Oh how she triumphed in her vengeance—how she revelled in the enjoyment of gratified malice. St. Val, horror-struck, sinks to the earth, and in that state his son finds him, Judith having left him to prepare for her flight. St. Val's father has died in his grandson's arms, after hav ing read and destroyed a letter informing him of the mesalliance which his grandson had made, which letter had been conveyed to him by Judith. St. Val determines to fly from Geneva with his son for ever —he sees the carriage waiting in the court-yard—forces his son to enter it — with him and departs. Instantly Judith gives the alarm, and accuses St. Val of robbery ; he is pursued, arrested, and the jewels are found in the carriage. Re is now condemned on circumstantial evidence, and again Judith triumphs. "You now drink of the bitter cup which Judith drained to the dregs," exclaims she in the ecstacy of her revenge. Nicholas, the coachman (Wright), deposes that the carriage was ordered by La , Vogue, and sets forth in pursuit of him, declaring that he, and not St. Val, is the robber. Rose, too, who fancies that she has placed La Vogue out of the reach of justice, declares that he is the robber. At that in stant he is brought in by Nicholas, who has seized and arrested him, and he declares that the robbery had been planned by the Countess herself, who is no other than the infamous Judith of Geneva. Baffled and discovered, Judith rushes to the balcony, w hich opens on the water, throws herself into the lake, and the curtain falls. The piece was excellently acted throughout. Wright, as Ni cholas, the servant, was exceedingly quaint and hu mourous—his look was sufficient to set the house in a roar. Great praise is due to Mr. Morton for the artis tical manner in which he has developed his plot, and for the great care with which he has written the dialogue. is a es. vast Thereimprovementisnota w uponord too the us ln u t a h l is ru r n es o p f ec i t d J e uit ip d hi h piee much of the dialogue, nor is there a scene introduced which does not tend to the development of the plot. The interest never flags. The scenery is beautiful, and the manner in which the piece is put upon the stage is be yond all praise. This piece will no doubt carry Mr. Gladstane on successfully to the end of the season. Mrs. Yates was called for at the fall of the curtain, and re ceived with loud applause. The house was very well attended. THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 30, 1844. CURRENCY. TO THE * EDITOR OF THE SUN. SIR—In a letter published by you some time ago, you invite the attention of all parties to the conside ration of the renewal of the Bank charter; and you dwell upon the dismal effects which have proceeded from its management. Upon the almost incalculable importance of a system of money, at once abundant and secure, in its bearings upon the capital and in dustry, the agriculture and commerce, the revenue and debt of the country, there is not, I suppose, any doubt, in any quarter. But w h e th er th e f au lt of the present system proceed from the mismanagement Of the Bank Directors, or from the wrong position in which they are placed, is a point of some consequence to be sure of. I will state, without much formality, and as shortly as I can, wherein, as it appears to me, the evil consists, and what will be the remedy. The evil proceeds from the depend ence of the circulation of commerce upon the precious metals. The remedy will be in causing it to depend upon fixed capital. By the circulation of commerce, I mean that business which passes betwixt dealer and dealer, so long as any commodity continues to form a part of the circulating capital of the country. What passes between dealer and consumer—the cir culation of consumption, is another affair. But it is from not duly conceiving of the essential difference, in principle, between those two branches of circulation that the evils of which you speak have arisen. In the circulation of consumption it is essential that the buyer, or consumer, give to the dealer, or seller, a real equivalent—somethin g o f equa l va l ue t o the article to be consumed, as gold or silver coin, or notes convertible into them ; because that is the only safe condition upon which the dealer can carry on his business for any length :of time. A shopkeeper who sold all upon credit would soon have done. The articles he deals in being placed in the stock set aside for immediate consumption, no longer form any part of the circulating capital of the country ; and, there fore, cease to be articles of commercial exchange. So far every man is instructed by common experience. But, in the transactions between dealer and dealer, that is in the circulation of commerce, the case is es sentially different. In that the commodities, al though changing hands, are not consumed, and they do in themselves form the true basis of commercial circulation. The proper idea of it is the transfer from one man's obligation to the shoulders of another, as the commodities themselves change hands. This is done by the operation of credit. And the instrument of commercial credit is an acceptan c e by the party re ceiving the commodity, or a draft upon a third person. So long as the idea of the commodity and responsibi lity shifting together is preserved in the mind, there can be little difficulty in apprehending how the com modity is the real basis and equivalent of the respon sibility—and that, as often as the commodity changes hands, the responsibility should shift with it—which is, as has been said, the proper notion of commercial circulation. But, as in the variety and complication of mercantile affairs the certainty of the two being together cannot be known, it is necessary,in relieving one man's responsibility, to bring forward a third party, who will certify that all is right—which is meant by discounting. Still it is, if properly under stood, an operation of credit, and not of money. Nor is there any need of money appearing at all in a well arranged commercial circulation. That this is the fact will appear, even from considering the present mode of business, faulty as it is in one particular. When a merchant of Liverpool provides for his ac ceptances, whether directly or through his banker, it is not with money—gold and silver, or bank notes — that he provides, but with other paper, the -circulat ing credit of other men. Perhaps, if all the gold, and silver, and bank notes were forwarded by railway at once, they would not be sufficient to meet the en gagements of Liverpool in London for a single day. Yet its engagements are fulfilled ; its bills are paid, without the provision of one farthing !! ! How, then, are the London bankers to liquidate the thousand millions which they have yearly to pay, when it forms no part of their system to make advances at all ? How is the enormous wheel of circulation kept in motion, but by the impelling power of credit ? But perhaps the London bankers do advance the money. They do so in part, and only in a small part. The far greater part of the business is settled by means of what may be not inaptly termed that fiction in com merce, the clearing house, where one banker, at the close of the day, sets off his claims against another. Although nineteen-twentieths of the commercial cir culation is so settled without the use of money, yet there is not any part of it of which it can be abso lutely predicated that it will not be called for in money. Money, therefore, to some amount, must be provided. Whilst matters go on smoothly the pre sent system works well—every man of credit can meet his engagements with comfort. But now comes the'radical defect of the present system. The Bank of England is liable to pay all its notes in gold and silver. When, therefore, any cause reduces its stock of bullion, it is driven to reduce its accommoda tion, until the scarcity of money, and the consequent high rates of interest, make it for the interest of par ties to keep their money at home. All other in terests are put out of sight to secure the Bank's own safety. The regular circulation of commerce is thrown into disorder, and that frightful overthrow of the best-laid schemes follows, of which you speak. When the sum of Bank notes is diminished, by the lessening of the stock of bullion, common sense would suggest the propriety of increasing the issue upon other securities. For it is no necessary consequence, that the wants of commercial circu lation diminish as the stock of bullion diminishes. Contrariwise, that is the time when the greatest spur should be given to the productive industry of society, the greatest facilities afforded to the wants of com mercial interprise, to increase and circulate at home and abroad the. exchangeable produce of the industry of the country, At present the order is reversed. The Bank of England is most ready to accommodate when accommodation is least wanted ; and when it is wanted, she tightens the screw. Whether a com mercial circulation of more than a thousand millions annually, shall proceed or not in its regular course, is made to depend upon the presence or otherwise of a few millions of the precious metals. If, indeed, they, as a portion of the circulating capital of the commer cial world, were indispensible for the completion, for the perfect working of its circulation, it might be im possible to get over the inconvenience of their absence ; but when it is notorious that they do not, whether pre sent or absent, enter i n t o such circulation, is it not worse than folly to make the wholesome circulation of com merce depend upon them ? Still I presume not to blame the Bank. The fault is not with it; but is owing to the false positio n it is placed in. Whe n the stock of bullion is much reduced, no other course is open to it, whatever individual suffering is entailed. thereby. And so long as the circulation of con sumption, which cann o t b e ot h erw i s e based, with safety, than on the precious metals, so long as the circulation with foreign nations, w hich must depend altogether upon the precio us metals, and the circula tion of commerce at home are carried for ward by the same way, the community will be exposed to like periodical returns of those evils which have occurred within the last fifty years. Perhaps there was a time when the present systemof money might have been adequate to the wants of the country. Amidst the stupendous and almost bound less extent of its commercial relations at the present . day, it is utterly defective. There is now wanting a great commercial road, so to speak, capable of car rying on it the whole internal commerce of this great country always safe and always open. And that road must be formed upon the solid ; ground of its fixed capital, and not upon that unstable portion of its circulating capital, its silver and gold, which is here to-day and gone to-morrow. My object and design is to introdtice and establish a fresh system of discounting—that is, of circulating commercial credit, whereby greater security and greater facility shall be given than exist at present. The end is the same, the mode different. I seek to establish that power amongst themselves - which mer chants and manufacturers have now to seek for in London, and often to seek for in vain, or under most embarrassing and ruinous circumstances. I seek to make their own fixed capital the instrument of circulating their credit, instead of being dependent upon the monied interest, as at present, for that pur pose. The circulation of commerce, implying the transfer of one man's liability on to another, as the commodities are transferred, all that is required for that purpose is an establishment whereat each man's credit, at the moment of transferring his own liability on to his neighbour's shoulders, shall be as certained in an assay room, as it were, when the value of every man's provision to Meet his engagements shall be tested. Of such a nature was the Bank of Amsterdam in its ori ginal intention, as- detailed by Adam Smith. A certain portion of the circulating capital of Amster dam was converted into a fixed capital. The money deposited in the vaults of the Bank circulated no longer, no more than if the whole had been laid out in a railroad. The intention of that Bank in issuing its bank money, as it was called, was not to pay bills in reality, but to furnish a standard of value, accord ing to which merchants having bills to pay had to provide. Whatever might be the nature of that pro vision which satisfied the holder of Bank money, the merchant payer having received the amount he needed, was thereby enabled to meet his bill with Bank money. But nothing was paid by the Bank. The bill had been provided for out of the Bank, and the transfer in the books of the Bank, or the pos session of Bank money, was a certificate that provision had been made according to that standard by which all bills were required to be paid. Perhaps the prin ciple of that Bank's operations has not been always understood. However, it is enough for my present purpose in showing how a fixed capital was made the means of ascertaining the circulating commercial credit of Amsterdam. Moreover, it is obvious that the only use of the bullion, or coin, lying in the OLYIIIPIC. There is great difficulty in, declding upon the school of criticism, by the rules of which a modern English drama is to be judged. The question of the Unities re mains unsettled, and France—that smiled at Voltaire's elaborate comparison of Calderon with Shakespeare— (both of whom he disliked, for the one reason that each was a poet and he was not)—France now delights in the representation of dramatic poems, which are poetic in their structure, and depend not upon mere rhyme for their effect. The lapse of years between the parts of an ac tion was condemned by the critics, from the time of Lopez de Vega to that of him who dreamed the glo rious dream of " Victorine." Leman Rede belongs to the school which regards truth more than technicality, and puts a story upen the stage with the life-like energy of an Italian painter or an Indian story-teller. The drama called the Profligate, produced last night at the Olympic, is a fine specimen of what may be done to re concile the adverse schools. It would be a hazard beyond which we could not venture, to say that unity is in any respect violated. The drama is a beautiful work—to be usefully read in the closet, or pleasantly regarded on the stage. WILSON'S SCOTTISH ENTERTAINMENT. Amongst the numbers who crowded to hear Mr. Wil son's second lecture upon the History and Music of Mary Queen of Scots was the reporter for The Sun. He found himself entangled in a throng .of carriages, which reached from Gower-street to Tottenham Court road. It was no small vexation to learn that the finest throat in Great Britain (except a skylark's) was stopped by a cold. He was informed that Mr. Wilson will be able to give the entertainment on Monday next. Vexed as he was at his own disappointment, he was much gratified in observing the kindness with which it was endured by the great gathering of song-lovers assembled around the Music-hall in Store-street. THE GADDESBY MURDER. OUTRAGE ON MRS. HODGES.—Since our publication this morning we have been informed that some unknown ruffian went to the house of Mrs. Hodges, late on Thursday, and asked if she was not a principal witness against Messenger. Mrs. Hodges, who had gone to the door without a candle, seeing it was a stranger, said " No," and shut the door. The fellow, pushing it open again, exclaimed " It is a d-d lie I you are ! I will give you that for your trouble," at the same time striking her a violent blow on the back, which knocked her down and rendered her insensible. She has been very ill since, having thrown up blood more than once. The police are making inquiries after this ruffian, but we regret to state that they have not yet discovered him. RE-EXAMINATION OF MESSENGER.—Messenger was again under examination for two hours this day (Satur day) at the county gaol. We are only able to state that Mrs. Hodges was again brought forward, having been taken thither in a fly. Some doubt has been thrown upon her testimony. She states that when returning from Gaddesby on the 11th of June, she paid one shilling at Syston to come up by the railway ; this is the first class fare. Now on the morning in question it is distinctly affirmed by the officers of the Railway Company that no person pay ing either a first or second-class fare came up from Sys ton by either the first or second train, by one of which she must have travelled to have arrived at Leicester at the time she states she did. Nothing material was elicited, and Messenger was further remanded to Tuesday, being the fifth time since his re-apprehension. —Leicestershu e Mercury. THE ARMY IN INDIA. It would seem, by the late advices from India, that prior to the formation of the Army of ExerciSe, and in the very face of a threatening and unsettled aspect of affairs, it was in contemplation to effect a numerical reduction of the native troops. This is a measure of short-sighted economy, whieh could emanate from no quarter save the India-house; a reckless experiment, prompted by the love of filthy lucre, which must even tually recoil upon the heads of the originators, and in. flirt future loss and disappointment. No sooner, it would appear, is a war brought to a suc cessful termination in India, than the cry resounds in Leadenhall-street, " Cut down the military establish ments—'reduce the army !" Proprietors are anxious about their dividends, but if they can devise no better means than this for securing themselves, their case is a hopeless one, indeed. Fortunalely, India has now a Governor-General who is 06 shrewd an observer, and too well acquainted with the wants of our Indian empire, to endanger its safety by rashness or overweening confidence, whilst he is at the same time too independent to sacrifice his better judgment to the insane clamours of the selfish and ignorant. Not only is it clear to us that the present is not a con venient or fitting time for reducing the Indian Army, but we are sceptical as to the practicability or probabi lity (early future diminution of our Force. Looking to -our accession of territory in Sinde, viewing the elements of discord which are rife throughout the native States, the open turbulence of some of our neighbours, and the hollow friendship of others, we find sufficient grounds for, maintaining our military resources on the most effi cient footing. Without contemplating any aggressive acts, it would appear to us, that for mere defensive and ra ther to beore the hsrr aeeenonl military e i cifs service a anv e aysc d ene vfdo t e, r caai in there would a onh r of l a hnsl d r edb e ri bedieut morecio t au i j o r e n s precautionary purposes, an augmentation of force is te to f ytuh, duty a y n prolonged l a o d uf e ad qir regiments,yu ba r t y o ohg N no V eds theee thew term conducive to their welfare or sanctioned by good policy. It would be tedious to reiterate what has been so often represented as to the cruelty and unfairness of cutting off from the soldier the most re mote hope of revisiting his native country, which is practically the case when the service of a regiment in the East Indies is extended beyond fifteen years. A regiment, too, suffers in its nationality, it frequently degenerates in its material, and it falls altogether to the rear in the onward march of society by an expatriation of a quarter of a century. If troops can be spared, why are the 16th Lancers, the Buffs, 13th, 31st, 40th, and 55th, still left in India after twenty years' foreign service? There are at present twenty-six regiments of infantry serving on the East Indian establishment, being very little above the strength required some seven years back. Since then Sinde has been conquered and occupied ; three regiments are demanded for our Chinese settlements ; another is in garrison at Aden, a recent acquisition ; and we observe that a new station is in contemplation for the 86th Regiment on the Madras establishment, which is to be withdrawn from Belgaum to occupy Karrach, in the Persian Gulph. Thus, with policy and humanity urging an early relief of several corps, at is clear that none can be withdrawn from the East until we can supply their place by others.—Naval and Mili 'ary Gazette. Lord Wharncliffe, we observe, is, according to some of our Contemporaries, about to be advanced to an Earldom. What does this portend ? In ordinary times we should think nothing of it ; but, under pre sent circumstances and at the present , crisis, it does, when considered in connexion with certain appoint- ments and resignations which have recently taken place, most assuredly look as if Ministers were preparing for the worst, and " setting their house in order," in case any sudden emergency should drive them from power. Bets, we understand, have been made in London that they will never see May in their official characters.—Liverpool Albion. DOG STEALERS.—We are glad to learn, that early in the ensuing session of Parliament, a Bill will be in troduced by Mr. Liddell, making the offence :of dog stealing a penal one. 'l' his nefarious traffic, so long carried on with impunity, calls loudly for legislative in terference. Horse-stealing and sheep-stealing are de nounced as felonies ; and why should not the same penalty be awarded to the dog-stealer ? These thefts are committed for the purpose of extorting money, for it most frequently happens that individuals so robbed would recover their dogs by payment of large sums rather than allow their favourites to be subjected to cruelty. We understand, strange as it may appear, that no less a sum than 7131. has been paid in this manner during a short period. Mr. Bishop, the gun-maker of Bond-street, is entitled to the thanks of the community at large for his humane exertions in affording protection to the owners of valuable dogs. A petition has for some time been open for signature at his establishment, which has received numerous signatures. The object of this petition, which will be embodied in the Bill to be brought before the House, is to insure a proper weed of punishment to all dishonest dealers in canine flesh ; that the crime of dog-stealing shall be constituted a felony ; and, moreover, that the receiver of any dog, known to be illegally obtained, shall be considered as an accomplice, and be visited with a similar sentence of transportation.—John Bull. ADVANTAGES OF Low FARES ON RAILWAYS.—.-The Report of the North Shields Railway presents some curious particulars in respect of third-class passengers. The Direc tors, with a view of restoring the former position of the railway, which had been greatly depressed, resolved on re establishing third-class carriages at lower fares, and with more frequent trains. The result has been that in the half years ending the 31st of December last, the number of pas sengers was 487,304, as compared with 381,522 passengers in the corresponding six months in the previous year, being an increase of 105,542, the increase in money being 347 L 3s. 6d. A very gratifying fact is also mentioned in the Report—namely, that " the passengers carried since the opening of the railway, amount, on the 31st of Decem ber, to the very great number of 3,369,491, and no occident to the life or limb of any passenger has ever occurred." — Railway Times. THE BEAUTIES OF BURNS.—In introducing his very successful' Musical Entertainment on Thursday even ing, Mr. Teug,leton said, "In selecting ' The Beauties o Burns' as the title for this entertainment, I must in justice to myself remark, that it has not been made choice of with a view of arrogating to myself the privilege of pointing out to my raditors The Beauties' of the Bard, but it was fixed upon fmm the firm conviction that the title was ap plicable to the whole of the poet's works ; and that what ever might be my selection of songs I could not fail iu pre senting The Beauties of Burns." IMPOILTATION OF FOREIGN CATTLE.—The specu lators in Spanish oxen have again commenced importing from Vigo. During the last three weeks upwards of eighty have been brought, over by the Peninsular steam-packets to Southaanpton, and are of a very fine quality, as the Spanish farmers in Biscay and the northern provinces are now de voting their attention to the improvement of the breed for the English markets. There were a few yesterday morning at Smithfield market, and they met with a ready sale. It is expected that during the ensuing year some very large im portations will be made from Rotterdam and Hainburgh by the Hull-isteam-packets, as the quality of the cattle has greatly im proved since the exporters find that there is a chance i the English dealers entering into bargains. vaults of the Bank was to give a credit or secu rity for its issues of Bank money ; and it is equally plain that any other fixed capital of ascertainable, known, and convertible value would perform just as well the same function. The Bank of Amsterdam assayed credit by the means of a deposit of the pre cious metals of standard value. 1 propose to assay credit by the means of fixed capital of sterling worth. To perfect a system of commercial circulation four conditions would seem to be required—that it be self-dependent, self-adjusting, abundant, and cheap. If it depend at all upon causes extraneous to itself, then its power of completely fulfilling its object will depend also upon the co-operation of causes over which it can have no control. If it be not self-ad justing, if it do not possess the property of dilation and contraction, according to the demands of an ever-varying commercial circulation, then that power of accommodation which may be equal to the wants of to-day, may be quite unequal to the wants of to morrow. If it be not abundant there can be no certainty that there will be enough for all the purposes of legitimate credit. If it be not cheap, then that adage is untrue—that low in terest is the soul of trade. At all events, the profits of discounting capital should bear a due pro portion to the profits of capital generally. Accord ing to the working of the present system I suppose it bears very little. I will now state in what way, as it appears to me, every condition of a perfect system of commercial circulation may be fulfilled. I would propose the establishment of a Bank of Transfer, with a capital equal to the discounting, if required, the whole commercial circulation of the country : The capital to consist of property having a market able value, as bullion, Exchequer bills, Bank stock, India bonds, funded property, railway shares, canal shares, and generally of any fixed property having a marketable value. The deposits to remain ;the property of the de positors. The rent, or dividends, accruing from the deposits to be theirs also. The deposits to be withdrawn at the will of the de positor (when no debits in the Bank books stood against their credits). A credit in the books of the Bank to be given to each depositor, according to the nature of thp deposits. To the amount of each individual credit, the de positor would be at liberty to lend or sell his credit, thatis to discount on whatever terms he might choose to accept. To prevent any improper use of the credit, each depositor to balance his account within stated times. _rh. Bank would neither pay money nor receive it, except to the amount of its commission, say of one eighth per cent. The depositor receiving all the profits belonging to his deposits, would seem to expect little more for dis counting than a fair guarantee commission for the credit he might advance, and for the risk he had to run—his deposits would be a source of double in- tome. To those who had no occasion to raise money upon such property the inducement of a moderate additional profit by discounting, would offer an easy and safe field for the employment of capital. This is my idea of a system fitted to accommodate the wants of commerce, at once secure, expansive, abundant, and cheap. Having trespassed so far upon your valuable space, I will not presume at present to go farther into detail. I am, Sir, &c. RICHARD WADESON CARTER. Kirk Andreas, Isle of Man, Jan. 9, 1844. SIR. H. POTTINGER AND THE AMEERS OF SINDE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—Circumstances over which I had no control have prevented me from seeing or noticing, sooner, the corre spondence and remarks arising out of a letter said to be written by Sir Henry Pottinger; and published in the Morning Chronicle of the Bth instant. The last mail brought me two letters from Sir Henry, but there is no thing, either in them or my former letters, which enables me to deny or admit the authenticity of the letter so published, as they make no allusion to it whatever. I must be permitted to add, with reference to one letter published by you, that any one who can imagine that, under any circumstances, Sir Henry Pottinger eould proclaim a falsehood, proclaims himself utterly ig norant of the truth, honour, and integrity of my brother, and has, in consequence, imagined that which must prove destitute of foundation.—l have the honour to re main, your most obedient servant, WILLIAM POTTINGER. Major, 6th Royal Regiment. Stockport Barracks, Cheshire, Jan. 25, 1844. SAVINGS' BANKS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Siit,—A mis-statement, either ignorantly or wilfully, is put forth at this time connected with banks for sav ings. There has been during the last year an increase in the amount of deposits over the preceeding year ; and it is made to appear as the best proof of a better condi tion in the working classes. That there is a partial improvement among those classes must be evident, but it is not of such a nature as to admit of their saving and investing in a public Institution—'tis out of the question. The increase in amount of deposits is no criterion ; the description of depositors can only be fairly looked at. Increase in amount of deposits over the prior year arises from the fact of other individuals than working pe6ple investing their money for themselves, their chil dren, and as trustees for so and so. And this is done because those individuals obtain a better rate of inte rest than what is given in the regular banks. The truth should appear to the public. I am, Sir, your obedient servant, A MANAGER San. 29, 1844. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin—l shall feel obliged to any of your readers learned in constitutional law, who will resolve an im portant problem, viz., Whether, in the event of Mr. O'Connell and his " co seditionists" (to use the modest language of the Times), being convicted, Sir Robert Peel and Sir James Graham are not liable to be impeached for enormous dereliction of official duty ? The reason for adopting the affirmative of the propo sition is simple. If the assembling a " monster meet ink," and addressing them in the language Mr. O'Con nell has invariably adopted, be an offence against the Ctown,the Constitution, and the security of the common wealth, it was as much an o f fence at first as at last, and Ministers, who suffered scores of these acts to be accom plished without interference, assuredly deserve impeach ment as richly as ever public officers have done since the days of Alfred. What should we say, if the Home Secretary, knowing that A.B. had in January, murdered C.D., should take no steps to apprehend him, but leave him to slaughter EIF. in February, G.H. in March, I.J. in April, and so on to the end of the alphabet and year, and should in the last month of it become awake to the propriety of stopping the murderer's career? Should we not have a cry through the length and breadth of the land, for the impeachment of such a Minister? 'Either Mr. O'Connell ought to be acquitted, and the Ministry kicked out for fools —or condemned, and Mi nisters Impeached for gross neglect of duty. PITILO-JUSTITI/E. A REVERSE OF FORTUNE. On 'riday last, at the sale-rooms of Messrs. Oxenham in Oxford-st ree t, amongst ot h er property disposed of , were six lots, three of which consisted of female wear ing apparel, dresses, lace of a costly description, ri bands, &c., the trunks in which they h a d b een p ac k e d, and several sets of artificial teeth mounted with gold. The other three lots were—a lady's gold watch, with jewelled movements, a massive neck-chain, with run ners, three seals, and a key, all gold, a pair of spec tacles, and an eye-glass, several finger-rings set with pearls, diamonds, &c.; a pair of pearl earrings, brooches, and other articles of jewellery, all mounted in gold. These lots created some interest, on account of it being stated that they were the property of a female pauper who had recently died in St. James's workhouse. It should be mentioned, that instead of a maker's name on thewatch there was engraved the name of Harriet Blake, and on one of the seals was cut the word " Harriet;" and another bore the motto, " True to her Trust." Some remarks were made upon the extraordinary cir cumstance of a person possessed of so much property as this being the inmate of a workhouse, enduring all the privations and misery of such an establishment, but the following explanation was given. About three years ago, an elderly lady put up at an hotel at the west-end of the town, and upon her exhibiting unequivocal symp toms of insanity, application was made to the parish officers, and she was removed to the workhouse. No in formation could be obtained from her, except that her maiden name was Harriet Blake, and that she had been married to a Mr. C—, who was at one time Mayor of Bristol, and who died shortly after the marriage, leav ing her, as was supposed, an annuity, which, however, had never been traced. The unfortunate lady was af terwards sent to Bethlehem Hospital, where she passed a year. From thence she was removed to Hanwell, where she died. She was apparently about 70 years of age at the time of her death. The proceeds of the pro perty are to be applied in defraying some portion of the expenses to which the parish had been subjected, by taking charge of the unfortunate deceased. In this sad reverse of fortune, it was stid that the sister of the de ceased had been a sharer, she being at present an inmate of St. Martin's workhouse, and as ignorant of the where abouts of the deceased's annuity as everybody else ap pears to have been. • Pugilistic contests between Horridge and Jemmy from Town, Tom - the Greek, and Simmonds, near Birming ham ; M‘Phee and M'Kenna, near Glasgow, will be re-- ported in Bell's Life in London, of Monday, Feb. 4. The memorial relating to Qui Tam actions regarding horse racing, coursing, and other manly sports, was given at length in Bell's. Life of Sunday.last, Jan. 28. LONDON NEWSPAPERS —The increase within the last ten years in-the number of newspapers published in London has been so great as almost to exceed belief. The weekly average of the number dispatched by the mails to the provinces was, in December, 1833, 200,00 n —in the present month it exceeds 470,000. The news papers, too, have so increased in size that, while at the former' period the weight per week was about nine tons,_ it now exceeds forty tons. But within the same week a great disproportion exists, the papers published on Saturday much exceeding those published on any other day: The weight of newspapers now passing by the mails on every Saturday night is not less than eleven tons. THE ANTI-LEAGUE AGITATION. MEETING AT STEYNING. • Yesterday a meeting of farmers and others interested in agriculture, was held at Steyning, pursuant to public announcement, for the purpose of forming a society, to be called the " Sussex Society for the Protection of Agriculture." A coinniodidua hustings had been erected in an orchard adjoining the White Horse Inn, and some time before the hour at which the proceedings were an nounced to commence, the hustings were crowded with noblemen and gentlemen, intermingled with a consider able number of the neighbouring farmers. The agents of the Anti-Corn-law League were in the town actively distributing their tracts. The meeting was called for twelve o'clock, but the proceedings did not commence until half-past. Among those on the hustings were the Duke of Rich mond,''the Earl of Egmont, the Earl of Winterton, the Duke of Norfolk, th e E ar l o f Sheffield, the Earl of Abergavenny, Lord Gage, Sir H. Shiffner, Sir C. M. Burrell, Bart., M.P.•, Colonel Wyndham, M.P.; Colonel G. Wyndham, the Earl:of March, M.P. ; Hon. R. C. Scarlett, M.Y. ; Mr. C. Goring, M.P. ; Mr. G. Darby, M.P.; Mr. R. Prime, Mr. R. llaslar, Mr. R. Hurst, Mr. J. B. Dunbar, Mr. W. W. Richardson, Major Sandham, Mr. H. Ingram, Mr. H. Penfold, Mr. H. D. Tredcroft, Mr. W. Borrer, jun., Mr. J. Scott, jun., Mr. H. Hullick, Mr. R. W. Blencowe, Mr. IL Bates, Captain Richard son, Mr. L. Wood, Mr. F. Smith, Mr. C. S. Dickens, Mr. C. Dorien, Mr. C. Shirley, Mr. J. King, Captain Paine, Mr. D. Lyon, Mr. J. Barton, Mr. C. Mitford, Mr. T. Thomas, Mr. C. S. Finbury, Mr. Pringle, Mr. J. Dennett, Mr. J. Smith, Mr. A. Smith, Mr. J. D. Smith, Mr. T. Coppard, Mr. J. W. Ladbrooke, Mr. W. New land, Mr. Fitzgerald, Sir H. Symons, M.P., &c. There appeared to be about 1,200 persons present. On the motion of Mr. BARTON, of East Leigh, near Havant, Mr. J. ELLMAN, of Line, an occupying tenant, was called to the chair at 25 minutes to two o'clock. He said, no doubt they would feel disappointed and sur prised at seeing a small proprietor (though a consider• able occupier) in so prominent a situation on so impor tant an occasion ; but this was a meeting of occupying farmers ; and as he had for the last 30 years never shrunk from expressing personally and in print his opinions in favour of protection to the farmer, he did not think he ought to refuse to stand forward now.— (Hear.) If anything could have been required to pre vent a doubt that those opinions were general, it was afforded by the highly respectable and numerous meet ing of tenant farmers whom he saw here to-day. It had always been said that they had been incited by their landlords, but he thought that meeting, and the fact that he, an occupying tenant, was placed in the chair, were a sufficient answer to such a charge, let it come from whatever party or from whatever source it might. The cause of the meeting was obvious. They all knew that the last crop of corn, as well as the previous one, had been below the average, and yet they had seen that the prices were such that the tenant could scarcely pay his way.—(Hear.) That was the real cause why it was incumbent on the agriculturists now to make a stand against the advances of the Anti-Corn-law League. That was the one bond of union amongst them. It had brought together on that occasion noblemen and gentle men of opposite 'political opinions, but all harmonious and agreed in their determined antagonism to the League.—(Hear.) He very much regretted that they could not see amone , them a Noble Lord for whose personal character he, as well as those who now heard him, entertained the highest respect, and whom the agri cultural body had honoured with the Vice-Presidency of the Smithfield Club—he alluded to Earl Spencer.— (Hear, hear.) He very much deplored the adhesion of that nobleman to the Anti-Corn-law League, and he still more deplored that he should have chosen such a time as the present to declare it.—(Cheers.) Lord Ducie, also, who was called the best arable farmer, as Earl Spencer was termed the best grazing farmer, was now giving his declared support to the League. The agricultural body were under great obligations to Lord Ducie for his improvements in agriculture, as exem plified in his " model farm," but he was not acting as their friend in abetting the League. He (Mr. Ellman) could only say, that if it was well for the farmers to imi tate Lord Ducie in his farming proceedings, their imi- tation should extend no further.--(Hear.) Lord West minster also had written a letter to the papers supporting the League. A Voice—Ah, but he don't grow corn.—(Laughter.) Mr. ELLmArT—Ay, that's true ; but we could not but regret to see such noblemen as these countenancing the League—those who by their blasphemous publications were attempting to sow the seeds of disunion everywhere; separating the tenants from their landlords, and the labourers from the farmers. Mr. Eliman then proceeded to attack the principles of the League in detail, He denied that this was solely a question of rent, as asserted by Messrs. Cobden and Bright. He also denied that Scotland was with the League, and in contradic tion to that statement, he would only point to the late meeting in the Lothians. He then quoted the opinion of Mr. Huskisson in favour of agricultural protection. That friend to free trade said there would be no effec tual security in peace or war against repeated returns of scarcity, except a proper protection of our home supply. Let the bread we eat be of home production, and then let it be as cheap as it can. At a late meeting in Scot land Mr. Fox Maule said, that no settlement of the corn question would be satisfactory that did not involve total repeal. Was that true?—{A general cry of " No, no.") Now, they were met there especially to combat this doc trine, and the League as its expounders. Whatever Minister might be in power—whether Whig or Tory— if he attempted to take away one iota of the protection on agriculture, let the farmers rise up as one man and tell him that they would not submit to it.—(Cheers.) Mr. WYATT (also a tenant farmer) moved the first resolution—" That while the tenantry of the country, and others investing their capital in agriculture, have had their protection greatly reduced by recent legis lative enactments, and their prices seriously affected by the constant agitation of the Anti-Corn-law League, it is the opinion of this meeting that it is the duty of the owners and occupiers of land, not only on their own account, but also for the welfare of the numerous, labourers, tradesman, and others depen dent on them for support and employment (the interest of all being indissolubly united), and for the general welfare of all classes of the community, to use their best endeavours to counteract the designs of the persons confe&rated together under the title of the Anti-Corn law League, the attainment of whose object would, in our opinion, produce a crisis we cannot contemplate without the greatest apprehension." Mr. W. TANNER seconded the resolution. A Mr. DIIDMAN, of Brighton, who - stated himself to be a mechanic, here addressed the meeting at some length. He attacked the Anti-Corn-law League, he said, not so much becausp he was friendly to the agri cultural interest, as because he thought the League the greatest " humbug" of the two. The resolution was'then agreed to. Mr. W. STACE (a tenant Partner) moved the second resolution, expressive of the sense of the meeting, that the protection of agriculture was necessary to the main tenance of the best interests of the empire, and that no amount of foreign trade could compensate for its de struction. This speaker, like the previous one, addressed his observations to the refution of the arguments and the denunciation of the designs of the League. The resolution having been seconded by Mr. HAMP TON (a farmer), was agreed to. The third resolution, for the formation of the Sussex Agricultural Protection Society, was also agreed to, having been moved by Mr. W. C. Newland, and se conded by Mr. C. Beard. The other resolutions, which were of a formal nature, including the nomination of the Duke of Richmond as President, and the Earl of Egmont, Lord Gage the Earl of Sheffield, Sir C. Burrell, and Colonel Wyndham, as Vice-Presidents of the Society, were severally pro posed by farmers and unanimously agreed to. The Duke of RICHMOND then came forward and ad dressed the meeting. He said he was anxious to express his sense of the high honour they had done him by making him their President. His services might not be of much use, but they should always be, as they ever had been, at the disposal of the farmers of the empire. He had felt it to be his duty as a landlord to attend there to-day at a meeting called by the tenantry of his native county, and to co-operate with them to the utmost of his power in the promotion of every object that would be beneficial to agriculture. He should feel that he was base indeed, if he could desert the farmers in the mo ment of danger.—(Cheers.) He could not approve of the proceedings of the Anti-Corn-law League. He had heard with surprise, not unmixed with indignation, that their leaders had threatened to interfere in the election of Members of Parliament, with the money which their dupes had placed at their disposal.—(Hear, hear.) He felt sure that the farmers would not attempt to follow so bad an example—this Society was formed for self-de fence, and for self-defence alone.—(Hear, hear.) Were free and independent men to suffer themselves to be trodden under foot, by a Society such as the Anti-Corn law League ?—(Hear, hear.) No ; they little under stood the stuff the British farmer was made of, if they supposed that.they could do it.--(Hear, hear.) He re peated, however, his belief that the farmers would not follow the bad example of the League—they would not attempt to set against each other classes whose interests were identical. Nor would they send delegates into the manufacturing . districts, to excite the passions of the people, and to inflame the minds of the operative against the manufacturers. No ; on the contrary, confiding in the justice of their cause, they would seek by all legiti mate means to combat the arguments of the League, and dispel the fallacies by which they attempted to support their views. At the same time he begged to say, that he thought they ought by no means to confound the League with the manufacturers and the commercial classes. It was true that the Anti-Corn-law League did boast and claim that they were the representatives of the opi nions of the commercial and manufacturing interests ; but it was no such thing—a large proportion of the most influential and honest of the men who pursued those most useful and honourable avocations disapproved of the conduct of the League as much as they did.—(Flear.) They disliked the agitation—they considered it to be morally wrong—they knew that if the corn-laws were repealed, a large quantity of land must be thrown out of cultivation—they knew, also, that they would lose their best customers, and they knew something else, too — which was, - that success did never ya produce modera tion in any political party.—(Hear, hear.) They knew well that, if the Anti-Corn-law League were now to succeed, they would not stop there, but that they would go on creating anarchy and confusion in the country, takin away from us everything that was dear to us as free Englishmen— they knew that they would attempt to defraud the public creditor of his due.—(Hear, hear.) He (the Duke of Richmond) believed that they would agree with him, that the demonstrations that had taken place in different parts of the country had given a decided negative to the Anti-Corn-law League when tlfey said that they had succeeded in convincing the farmers that the question was not a tenant's question, but that it was only a question of rent between land lord and tenant. He felt that the managing com- mittee of this Society would communicate with other societies established in various parts of the country ; and he hoped and trusted that ten days would not pass before a similar society would be formed in every part of England. It appeared to him, also, that those demon strations would induce the confidential advisers of the sovereign to speak out plainly on the subject of the corn-laws.—(Hear.) He thought that they were en titled to ask, not in the language of menace or of threat, or even, perhaps, of any sort of reproach—that they would be entitled to tell the Ministers of the Crown that uncertainty with regard to their views on this subject was an evil of no ordinary magnitude. We want to know (continued the Noble Duke) what they are going to be about?—whether they mean to maintain that protection which is still left to us ? We will only ask them to speak out, and no doubt they will, when they know the opinions of so respectable a body of the farmers of the country.—(Cheers.) He did not think it necessary to detain them with any repetition of his recorded opinions, further than t 6 say that no consideration whatever would ever induce him to vote against the agricultural interest of this country—he would not sanction the withdrawal of one iota of the protection at present existing. No threats, on the one hand, no cajolery on the other, should ever induce him to depart from the position which he now occupied.. Be did not speak from selfish feelings when he declared his belief that on the well-being of the agricultural interest was based the prosperity of the , country and the welfare and happiness of every indivi dual residing in her Majesty's dominions.—(Cheers.) Thanks having been voted to the Chairman, on the motion of Sir Charles Burrell, Bart., the meeting separated. _ A subscription was afterwards opened, when upward s of 1,0001. was at once subscribed ; the Duke of Rich mond, the Duke of Norfolk, the Earl of Egmont, the count)/ Members, and other gentlemen, putting dow n their names for 1002 each. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAT. TIMES.—The Irish trials have of a sudden, although perhaps but for a short time, changed in one particular their outward aspect. To tediousness and dulness a brilliant flash has succeeded. Mr. Shed has made a speech, the report of which fills eleven columns of the Times of yesterday—a speech in his character of Coun sel for Mr. John O'Connell; and to which we should do much less than justice were we to deny it those merits, a very high degree of which might have been fairly ex pected by every person at all acquainted with Mr. Sheil's public history, or with his unquestionable talents as a speaker, both in the House of Commons and at the bar. This display of oratory embraced a field of observation rather vague than grand, and fertile rather than fruit ful. How much it may have been calculated to work strong conviction in any quarter, is a question which it would now be premature, and possibly invidious, to pro nounce upon. It may be disputed how far an advocate, es pecially a paid one, is justified by his peculiar position, we mean with a view to his client's interests, in laying down broadly, upon his own personal authority, as if he were a witness before the Court, any fact which, if delivered by such witness, would have an important bearing upon the case under trial. The word of a hired, but unsworn advocate, can in itself have no weight at all. He must be aware that the jury, on a moment's consideration, will be more surprised than persuaded by such an effort upon their credulity, and disposed to ask, why is the traverser's counsel so much at " a loss for legal testimony, that he at tempts to put us off by his own bare word ?" Yet, in one of those analogies or illustrations of the O'Connell case, as treated by Mr. Shell, which were meant to be regarded as among the weightiest, we find the advocate adducing, "of his own know ledge," the conduct of Mr. O'Connell, for instance, in his management of the Roman Catholic cause, before emancipation, as "conceived in the spirit of peace," and " in the spirit of peace carried out," and in that " spirit consummated," and all this to make it credible that the repeal agitation has been conceived and carried on in the same spirit. No doubt Mr. Sheil, who claims to have been a partner of Mr. O'Connell in the former in- • stance, and " privy to his inmost thoughts" (?), ought to be some authority on that specific passage of his tory; but is not it odd that the Duke of Wdlington, a sagacious man, and a bold one, should have so far mis taken the above " peaceful" spirit that he really regarded the machinery for bringing about Roman Catholic relief to have been framed in a spirit not of peace, but of "re bellion?" We have already, by describing the enormous dimensions of this oratorical effort, abundantly ex plained to our readers how impracticable would be the task of anything like an analysis or even enume ration of its details. But, in truth, properly speaking, the speech has no parts—that is to say, it is incapable of argumentative division. Nowhere can it be brought to bear with a distinct and tangible effect, either upon the matter of the indictment or on the evidence in sup port of it. The character of the defence is a declama tory appeal against the whole history of British govern • ment in Ireland—against the means (bad enough we admit) by which the union had been oarried—being; in fact, the spirit of corruption versus that of rebel lion,—and pretension to assimilate the measures of O'Connell now to those of 1782, carried on by Mr. Grattan and his colleagues. But Grattan had the Parliament at his back. He made no attempt to set up the brute force of Ireland against the Church and State, the laws, institutions, and property of the realm. He did not collect the multitude by hun dreds of thousands, make boast of their numbers and their bravery, exasperate them by recalling the wrongs of centuries, although at that time still unredressed— whereas now, while dwelt upon by O'Connell, nine. tenths of them have no existence. It would be childish and unhandsome to deny that the speech sparkles with elaborate elegance—that its movement is light and graceful, and that it is, as a whole, a full-dress version of the rude, coarse, and unmannerly language of the Corn- Exchange. Bat that is all. It barely touches the question submitted to the jury-box. It loses sight of the issue—whether the several traversers, or Mr. Shell's client, with any one or more others, did or did not con spire to produce certain specified purposes byillegal means. It puts the union on trial ; it puts the law on trial; and for gets that the traversers, and not the law, are indicted. Eloquence was not designed for admiration only—as a mere arrangement of musical sentences. If it had 'so been, Mr. Shell might be esteemed a most effective ora tor ; but the business of eloquence is to convince men— to persuade them, and, in a word, to make them act,—to satisfy, not the taste of a jury, but their inward con science, and, as one main instrument to that great end, to keep tenaciously before their eyes the merits and in terests of the client as he who alone is entitled to their sympathy, not the person or powers of the Counsel; ,as a candidate for fame or an object of wonder. We heart ily wish that, if innocent of the offences charged upon him, Mr. John O'Connell may enjoy an honourable so quittal. But we are bound to add that a mind gifted ever so slightly with the elements of reasoning power must seek for proofs of that innocence —or, indeed, of any other fact but of Mr. Sheil's rich vocabulary, some where else than in the speech of that Right Hon. Gen tleman. HERALD.—It would be uncandid to deny to Mr. Sheil's speech for the defence in the Dublin State trials. the praise of great brilliancy—but materiam superat opus —Mr. Sheil has been forced upon the Egyptian toil of "making bricks without straw," and for a conclusive argument he has necessarily substituted at most a splen did thesis. Through the whole of his very long address he did not in a single instance impugn one of the im mense mass of facts detailed with such lucid order in the matchless statement of the Attorney-General for Ireland. How, indeed, could he impugn any of them ? All of the whole body of proof had been published by the traversers themselves, and, as it were, ratified by the publication. As little could he attempt to break the connexion of these facts with the central movement of the Repeal Association. All that was done in the agi tation avowedly emanated from, and again converged to, that central power. The concert was as certain and as notorious as the facts that flowed from it ; and though it has been ruled in levy that conspiracy may exist with out concert—concert and combination are inseparable. Whether the combination was for a lawful or unlawful purpose—whether its proceedings were calculated to pro duce disaffection in some and alarm in others, and to create ill feeling among all, is a question upon which a Court and a jury have still to decide. But tins appears to us to be the real question in the case, for if it be found that the combination produced such effects as we have described, every man of common sense must see that a combination producing such effects, and persevering in its course for months and even years after the effects were manifest, must be an unlawful conspiracy. To this cardinal question, however, the Right lion. Advo cate did not address a single sentence of his speech. Why, we will not at present surmise ; but the omission is surely instructive. For the rest, the speech is a bean tiful speech ; but, in truth, Mr. Shell might as well have tried to work the acquittal of his clients by continuing the excerpta of love songs from the Nation, read in defence, or by a recitation of the magnificent ballad of his name sake, " Chevy Chase," as by such a speech. SUPPOSED ATTEMPT AT INCENDIARIBM AT WOOL. WlCH.—Yesterday and Sunday the town and garrisqn of Woolwich were in a state of great excitement, in consequence of a report that an atrocious attempt had been made to set fire to an ammunition store-house, near the Medical Hospital. On inquiry it was ascertained that a sergeant of marines discovered near the building a ball, or species of grenade, composed of stout paper, covered with a composi tion apparently of a highly inflammable nature, and filled with gunpowder. The ball, which was found dose' to the building, had evidently been lighted, as a fuse was parVy burnt. The probability is, that fear or want of skill had lfe vented its being thrown into the building, which is composed of wood, and contains a large quantity of ammunition ready for service; had it taken effect the consequences would un doubtedly have been most disastrous. Information has been received at Bow-street that, on the morning of the 23d inst., about the hour of three o'clock, some evil disposed person or persons wilfully and maliciously set fire to a thatched hovel, in the occupation of the Hon. and Rev. H. Tollemache, at Harrington, North amptonshire. Also, about 7 o'clock the same evening, another thatched hovel was set fire to in the same lordship, in the occupation of Mr.W. Cheney, whereby the hovels were entirely consumed. A reward of 100/. has been offered by the Hon. Charles Tollemache for the discovery of the incendiaries. On the evening of the 26th inst. a hay-rick, about twelve tons in weight, situate in a field near the house of Mr. Wm. Rogers, in the parish of Kingston Deveril, Wilts, was wilfully set fire to, and the whole destroyed. A reward of 4 01 is - offered for the discovery of the incendiaries. Also, about one o'clock on the morning of Friday last, the 26th inst., st.l7 wheat-rick in the farmyard of Mr. John Men:ATLI& parish of Desborough, Northamptonshire , w as tire to, and the whole destroyed, with a deal o f o ther, ra!strig agricultural property. • rence Sheriff, grocer and citizen . of Lond on, REMARKABLE CHANGE IN PROPERTY I . e — ft the third part school at Rugby, it produced the endowment of a grammar . C d 1 of a field of twenty-four acres, in the parish of Holbern, for This fi eld was calle d 'on -c ose. no more than Si. a year. a and a now year. The with hwbausi buildings, andhal f the m mile from any ntalexcee igu l s o e :oo l o t l. is field has risen in value from 8/. to 10,000/. and upwards. •„:. ,