The Sun. — London, England, 1839-12-17 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. i putiT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. 'FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF Tilts DAY. (From the _Morning Chronicle.) A report of the proceedings at the Uxbridge Petty Sessions yesterday, at which a number of labourers, receiving, with the earnings of their wive!, weekly sums varying from Ss. to 125., claimed but were not allowed exemption from the payment of' poor-rates, shows that whoever benefits by the corn monopoly the agricultural 1 workmen do no not. In the summer these poor crea -1 ture, can barely subsist ; and vet, at this inclement * sesason, and it may ea oily be conceived, after paying two shillings a week for their rent, the sum remaining for food, clothing, and fire, for a man, wife, and two or three children, out of the balance of ten shillings a week, must be very inadequate for that object. These instances serve to show in what manner the high price of torn diminishes the consumption of t,srlauulaciares in the home market. Labour, like other commodities, depends on demand and supply ; ! and it was observed at the Uxbridge meeting by i the overseers, that, small as the sums earned by some of the men were at field labour, there were men who would gladly accept a smaller remuneration. I Charitable inilividua!s will, no doubt, consider the i hardships of their poorer dependents ; but as a rule it t , may be laid down tha t men do not choose to pay more than the market rate for wages any more than for other ithings. But what becomes, it will he said, of the im mense sums received this year by the agriculturists ? The farmers will pay their rents, and arrears which had been considered hopeless will this year swell the land glord's receipts. Both farmers and landowners will be '1 enabled to live more luxuriously, and there will be a ' much g rantere demand f or j ewe ll ery an d other articles of high price. But the consumption of the great menu ! factures of the country wilt be materially diminished, because the consumers are the great body of the people, 'i whose earnings are almost exclusively required for food. 1 The home market is at all times insufficient for the conseinptiem of more than a part of our menu ) fisetures, though this year the consumption will, no doubt, he considerably below an average. With respect to manufactures, then, we may say that the home i . market is always glutted. One of the ablest and most , intelligent men in this country, whose letters on the Copu-laws, written in the beginning of 1804, under the signature of Hs B. T., were afterwards published as a pamphlet, speaking then of our manufactures, observes that " the amount in real (not official) value of British manufacture s exported in each of the two last years wa& 'l4 rather uec te th an 36,000 , 00 0 1 ., and nearly the whole of this eurn is c o ns tit u t e d o f l a b our. C otton wool, f i ne steep's wool, flax, and dyeing drugs, arc the chief of those raw materials of our exports which we do not t produce ; the metals and the coals are in our own mines, i till labour extracts them. Making, therefore, ample abatement for foreign materials, the quantity of sur plus labour in the country—that which must seek a foreign market —may he roundly estimated at thirty millions sterling a year." But our exports of manufac three have since considerably increased. On an average of y e a r s, w e now export cottons to the amount of 1 2,4 mildoas ; woollens to the amount of .^:). millions ; i linens and linen-y; ra to the amount of ee millions ; hardware and cutlery to the amount of 1, 1 1 million ; earthenware half a million, &c., making a total of about Zet) millions. This enormous quantity of labour is over aid above what is required for the home-market, so ;1, that the landowners have the manufacturers completely I in their power, The price obtain e d f or t h e surp l us which is exported determines the price at home ; for if all could be consumed at home, none would be exported ; and no mai would think of exporting whet would be sold at a lower price abroad I than he could obtain at home. It is the same 1 with manufactures as with corn, or, indeed, 1 any commodity whatever. The moment the supply / exceeds the demand, the buyer dictates his terms `... to the seller. On are other hand, when there is au abundant harvest, and the markets are glutted, the firmei must often sell at ruinrsusly low prices. So well is this understood, that it was gravely proposed by an agricultural writer a year or two ago, when agriculture was distressed from abundant harvests, that to make the corn monopoly available, the Legislature should tix I the propoition of land to he sown with corn. Tue Corn-law, in so far as it raises the price of food in this country beyond the average of other countries, is a tax on the industry of the people for the advantage of the landowners. The landowners may just as well, to all j intents and p ur p oses , pass a l aw, allow i ng them, when ever they arc in want of money, to put their hands directly into the pockets of the people. 'they make ", the lr a', it is true, and, therefore, the injustice is legalized ; but, in point of principle, the highwayman, who takes your purse out the highway, does not act more un ii ,justly than he who compels the labourer to deliver e over to hint, without an equivalent, a portion of the fruits of his industry. But the robbery is not all. Unfortunately the British manufacturer is compelled to compete with his foreign rival burdened with the spoil levied from him by the landowner ; and thus rivals are fostered in every country to supply the market, and to compete with us in every other market of the world. The agriculturists themselves arc injured by the mono poly. Years of abundance will succeed each other, and the markets will in consequence be glutted ; and then the farmer, having his rent fixed, according to an artifi cial scale of prices, cannot relieve himself by exporta tion. But years of scarcity on the other hand, force us ,i< to have recourse to markets with which the monopoly - Prevents us from having a regular commercial intercourse, and the sudden demand must be liquidated by hard cash. The Bank of England, to avoid bankruptcy, raises the , value of the currency, and thus interferes with our i commerce with our best customer, the United States, and the cessation of demand for our manufactures in that country follows as a matter of course. The dis tress in the manufacturing towns is the work of the , landowners ; they are chargeable with all the evils re ; suiting from commercal derangement and want of em ployment. To their blind cupidity alone is to be ascribed the immense mass of suffering which now af flicts Great Britain. It is to their predominance in the Legislature that we are indebted for a law the most t iniquitous that ever was enacted--a law of spoliation-- a law for paralysing the arm of the strong man—a law that covers the face of the land is it li suffering and crime, and threatens to convert the most industrious people on the face of the earth into a nation of paupers. We call on the people to exert themselves once for all to ' put down the landowners. Too long have they pa tiently borne this wroag. Too long have they suffered a set of selfish monopolises to sport with the welfare of the country. If an effort do not he soon made it will Come too late. Let the working classes of other towns take an example from the men of Sheffield. Every corporation, every public body, too, throue'nout the country ought to be up and stirring. The .21st of De cember is fast approaching. The citizens of London will, we trust, have an eye to this great question on St. Thomas's Day. The agriculture of England was never so flourishin g as when importation was practically free, during the whole of the last war. We became then first a great manufacturing country, from obtaining a new power in our machinery, and we imported largely food in return for our maniefactures. The agriculturist always flourishes in a country where the demands of a manufacturing poplin . ..ion require importation from ' abroad ; for the isnoortation can only take place at a large addition to the price in the forth ii market, and the very impertati , ,a iself is a proof of a strong demand. Never was a, law so uncalled-for as that for excluding importation, into a country forced to find a market for the exec' s of manufacturing labour beyond the wants of the home-nearket. But unjust and impolitic as this law is, it, will be persisted in if the people do not bestir them selves. Again, we repeat, let them resolve to be no longer the slaves of the landowners,and they must succeed. (From the Times.) An Hon. Baronet, Member for Peterborough, has been mixing himself in the business of the pending election for Newark. Sir Robert Heron, for that is the name of this gentleman—is an ancient Whig, with the principles of a modern one, and enjoys the snug privilege of being what, in common parlance, people call . one of Lord Fitzevilliam's Members." In the 1 subscription 'Joni( of Brookes's and in the division list 1 01 the Hauge of Commons he has figured front times of ~h ig h , "...Nulty ; but his merits had not advanced him '"") dny . general notoriety till Mr. Thesig,er's canvass for ewark afforded him occasion for exhibiting his in .47nuitY and discretion. It was obvious, from the begin kitig• to all the world, and particularly and painfully so to the Whip, that the contest for Newark was likely to be a were mairerrassing affair for the Melbourne Ministry ; '.l n(I accordingly the Herons and all other birds of that feather were strangely fluttered. To have again passed over Mr. Sergeant Wilde, with his station at the bar, and in Parliament, would have been impossible, and „ ice if possible, useles s ; for it was not to be sup posed that, if sentenced by these Ministers to a per manent exclusion from the posts to which his attain ments entitled him, he would continue to waste in the I Parliamentary' ranks of the Government the evenings : which he could employ so much niore profitable in his chambers ; and then his retreat to the Chiltren Iluedreds would, equally with his p romotion to legal office, have induced the great evil apprehended by the tile constituency o f Newark. Whigs—the appeal t) Sa there was nothing for them but to make him S e i: ca : or- G noted ; end there they are, werking for his return, with all the arts of cunning and all the energies o f , despair. In this borough the Duke of Newcastle has a large tsnantry, o f w hom almost all are zealous part a k ers with him in Conservative opinions, while the remaining .few, though but lukewarm in politics, are so cor dially attached to him a s a l an dlord and a man, that they g l a dly suppor t, f rom t i me to t i m e, the respect aid e candidates whom he may be understood to fey° ir. B u t w h atever i n fl uence may b e e njoyed by Iris Grace among hie tenants belongs to him, not by their apprehensions, but by their goodwill ; being neither more n; r less than what the Heron; of better times were a ont to call " the legitimate influence of property." r Now, it was highly desirabie for the Whigs so far to 1 l neutreltze " the legitimate influence of' the property" lA:longing to the Duke in the borough of Newark, that those of hie tenants who were at all indifferent about political matters, or whose position rendered them ac e... cessible through other considerations, might be laid open to those Whig and Radical influences, whether of hope or of fear, which are the very reverse of " legitimate." The way to do this was to make the Duke's tenants believe that their landlord, whom they were all prima rily desirous to oblige, Was wholly indifferent upon the subject of this election. The ancient Whig, therefore, devised a stratagem for insineatiug this belief into the constituency of Newark. Announcin himself as the friend of the new Solicitor-Generet, ne published on the 30th of November an address, in which the follow. ing passage was contained I cannot help observing that these claim:" (the claims of the Solicitor. General) are so fa: Acknowledged by the Duke of Newcastle, that he declines interfering in this contest. I must say, therefore, that it does not appear to me very consistent with strict propriety that his agents should make use against the Solicitor-General of that in fluence which they can derive aline from the Duke. I think, however, that I can venture to assure you that the Duke, whom I believe to be an honest and straightforward man, will never suffer these agents to erercice any vengeance upon you for your conduct upon this occasion ; and that those who are in any degree dependent upon the Duke may safely make use of the free disposal of their votes, which ho leaves to be decided by their principles and wishes." That the Duke leaves the votes of his tenants " to be decided by their principles and wishes" is no doubt true enough ; nor is it likely that he feels much apprehension in doing so, with the knowledge he possesses, that those of his tenants who have political principles are sure to vote with the Conservative candidate, and that those who are indifferent to politics as matter of principle will be lead by their wishes to do that which may be most grateful to their landlord and friend. But then they must not be told by an intruder that their landlord takes no interest in the matter ; they must not be assured, with the assurance of Sir Ro bert Heron, that their landlord " declines interfering in this contest." Any landlord is fully entitled to say, I coerce no tenant I let each man who has political principles vote in accordance with them : let those who care nothing about politics vote according to their wishes ; but if those wishes are so far favourable to me, as to dispose them toward the cause which I, meaning honestly by them, and by my country, take the liberty of recommending to all my friends, it is due from me to my tenants as well as to myself, to preserve them from any misrepresentation of my opinions and intentions." Accordingly the Duke of Newcastle, without chastis ing, by one angry word, the ancient Whig's extraordi nary interference with his Grace's name and business, writes him this calm and dignified answer, which ap peared in the Newark Times of Wednesday:— " Clumber, Dcc. 3. " SIR-A placard or handbill addressed to the electors of Newark, dated Stubton.hall, Nov. 30, and signed R. Heron,' has been put into my hands. Statements and assertions are therein made, which no one is authorised to make for me. lam quite sure that, on reflection, you will perceive that very unwarrantable use has been made of my name ; nor can I doubt that, upon the receipt of this letter, you will sec the propriety of giving immediate and and public contradiction to the statements contained in the handbill alluded to, coupled with a declaration that, really and in fact, you know nothing of my sentiments or intentions. " I remain, Sir, your very obedient servant, " Sir R. Heron, Bart. " NEWCASTLE." This extracted from the interlorcr the fo lowing address : " TO TIIF. ELECTORS OF NEWARK. " GENTLEMEN—Having learned from the Duke of New. castle that no one had been authorised by him to make the declaration respecting his conduct in the present contest, to which I alluded in my address of the 30th of Novem ber, I am bound to state to you that I was mistaken on that point. I must beg, however, to observe, that the error was very natural, considering how generally it was reported ; and that it was, as I then thought, confirmed by the address of Mr. Thesiger, in which he positively denies being a nominee, and declares that the constituency of Newark is his only patron. " I remain, Gentlemen, your friend and neighbour, " Stubton, Dec. 9, 1839. " R. HERON." Ad this, we think, augurs ill for the Learned Ser geant. if we had no other reasons for knowing the hopelessness of his attempt at Newark, we should detect in these papers the persuasion felt by his own party that his chance is desperate. The preparation for breaking his fall is too barefaced. Aware that he must be de feated, they are obviously getting up the salvo, that his failure isthe result of lordly influence enforced against him. They will make it a grievance that the Duke of New castie did nut consent to remain an indifferent spectator of a contest affecting his property, his country, and his conscience. Having thus laid these documents, and the history connected with them, before our readers, we now refer them to a letter in another part of this day's paper, dated Peterborough, and signed " Civis," by which must be understood an elector of that town. That town is one of the few nomination boroughs which were rescued from the scythe of the Reform Act. There was a good reason for that. It was, as it still is, a borough in the hands of Lord Fitzwilliam, a thorough-paced Whig ; he rewards the clemency which spared it, by devoting both the seats to the Whig interest ; and to one of those seats he nominates Sir I?obet t Heron. Now, we can make allowance for ordi nary intrusions, for ordinary indiscretions, for ordinary improprieties : we can pass over the officiousness of a meddler addressing a letter to a constituency with which he has no connection ; but that a Member who is the known nominee of one Peer, should impeach a candidate on the score of nomination by another Peer, does really seem to us to be a flourish so daring in its absurdity, that one's laughter is almost baulked by one's astonishment. And observe, as our correspon dent " Civis" points out, that the assailant is not only a nominee, but a nominee remarkably unpopular among the constituents who are constrained to vote fin- him. The Peterborough people have been for some time resolved that. for the future Lord Fitzwilliam shall keep only one of the seats, and that the seat he keeps shall not be that which has hitherto been in the occupation of Sir Robert Heron. The adventurous Baronet will, therefore, be opposed on the next vacancy ; and all that his opponent will have to do for the purpose of settling the election, without so much as the trouble of a poll, will be to call on Sir R. Heron to republish to the voters of Peter borough the emphatic and consolatory words which he has addressed to the voters of Newark, only substituting Lord Fitzwiiliam's name for that of the Duke—that is, if Lord Fitzwilliam will consent to the announced for bearance. Sir Robert's abdication of Peterborough will then stand in the following form : " I can venture to assure you that Lord Fit:will/am (whom I believe to be an honest and straightforward man, will never suffer his agents to exercise any vengeance upon you for your conduct upon this occasion ; and that those who are in any degree dependent upon Lord Fitzwilliam may safely make use of the free disposal of their votes, sllich he leaves to he decided by their principles arid wishes." So ends the connection of Sir Robert Heron with Peterborough. (From the Morning Herald.) It was only by making great exertions that we, along with some of our Contemporaries, were enabled to pre sent the public yesterday with a copy of the indietmen. against Frost and his companions, about to be tried for high treason, under the Special Commission at Mon mouth. We think the public curiosity, which had been excited to a high pitch to ascertain in what way the charges of treason were shaped, especially against Frost, must have been somewhat disappointed on the perusal of that document. It was supposed that Government was in possession of papers of Frost, which were seized at the time of his arrest, and of which the contents never were made public, that would have thrown some light on the origin of the treason, and the pro ceedings of one or more of the leading conspi rators previously to the fatal 4th of November. Nothing that was not previously known appears upon the face of the indictment. The overt acts of treason charged in the indictment are only such as were pre viously known to the public. In the first count, stripped of all its technicalities, the levying war on the Queen in her realm is the treason charged, with the mode and the means by which the war was levied—viz., the marching in battle array ; the seizing arms, ci.c.; the f orcing divers liege subjects (f the Queen to join them in such treasonable enterprise ; and, finally, their at tack on the Westgate Hotel, in Newport, and the firing on the Magistrates and the Queen's troops with intent to destroy the Government and Constitution of the realm as by law established. In the second count the overt act of levying war on the Queen in her realm is stated, without describing the mode or means by which the levying war was effected. In the third count the treason is laid to consist in the compassing and ima gining to depose the Queen, of which the overt acts laid are the attempting in a hostile manner to get possession of the town of Newport, and to cut off the communica tion with the surrounding country, by seizing her Majesty's mail, &c.,—the assembling a nd conspiring to attack and fight with the Queen's troops —to attack and obstruct the Queen's justices—t o stir up, make, and levy insurrection, rebellion, and war, against our Lady the Queen, in her realm, and to sub vert and destroy the Constitution and Government of the realm as by law established, and to alter and change the laws of the realm by force. In the same count other overt acts of the treasonable intention to depose the Queen are set forth, such as purchasing and procuring large quan titles of arms, &c., with intent to array themselves and other false traitors to fight against the Queen's soldiers, and to subvert the Government, &c. ; the marching in hostile array through the public highways, towns, and villages in the county of Monmouth ; the attacking and besetting the houses of the Queen's liege sub jects, and forcing several of the said liege sub jects to leave their houses and march along with them ; the seizing divers quantities of arms v;ith intent to fight with and kill the Queen's troops, and to raise and levy dleyy i nsurrection, &c. The atte.ek on the West forchHin ot t e h l, e w ii i r t s h t all the c is irc h u e m re sta r n e and actua i? l na le: i y n i i n ngg g ivtt to r pceesa,tentsl,t technically n iaclaslol the (L is asan overt act o f compass i ng count the tr eason is elapiodseas t h e Qte n an in t 0 I I n c v t y h w e r fourth u i e d e in the overt acts to prove that stated to be, the assembling and conspiring together are to ta k e sion of the town of New port and of the Post-offi P ec o , s n se n s d . to cut off all communication with the rest of the king dom,—the assembling, con s pi r i ng, and consulting to attack the soldiers of the Queen, and the Magistrates, and to stir up, raise, and levy insurrection, &c.—the ' purchasing and providin; large quantities of arms, am munition, &c., in order to carry into effect the aforesaid objects—the seizing guns, pistols, &c., from liege sub jects of the Queen, with intent to fight and attack the soldiers—the marching into Newport in hostile array—the attacking the Westgate Hotel, and firing on the soldiers and Magistrates ; and finally, the actual levying war is laid in this count in the same words as in the second count ; but there it is laid as a substan tive act of treason, while here it is laid as an overt act of treason only, to prove the main allegation of intending to levy rear. Now, neither in the two counts which charge the treason as consisting in "levying war on the Queen in her realm," nor in the other two counts which charge the treason to consist in "compassing and imagining to depose the Queen," are any overt acts laid to prove either of these treasonable intentions, but such as the public were already aware of, and which are all resolvable into the one overt act of teeing war by march ing nprm the town of Newport and attacking the Queen's troops there. Consequently nothing that happened connected with this treason earlier than the 4th of November is brought under the cognisance of the Court by this indictment ; for of no overt acts can the Crown give evidence but such as are laid in the indictment. What then becomes of all that took place previously to the 4th of November, as to the previous getting up, arrangement, and organization of the treason and rebel lion ? Nothing of it all is inquirable into before the Court and Jury appointed to try the persons indicted for the treason. In order, then, to come at any know ledge of the manner in which this enormous wickedness against the Crown and society was prepared, and the means by which it ripened from intention into act, re course must be had, as we long ago stated, to a Par liamentary Inquiry. The public have a right to such an inquiry, and we hope the nation will demand it. If the papers of Frost which have been seized, and the contents of which have been hitherto kept a profound secret, were of a treasonable nature, those very docu ments might be laid as overt acts to prove the treasonable intention, on the principle scribere est agere, that Is, if written in furtherance of the treasonable design ; for if only speculative, however objectionable in other.respects they might be, they would not be legally chargeable as acts of treason, although a different doctrine was held in the case of Algernon Sydney, and in that of Peachum, the preacher ; but the law, as laid down in Sydney's case, has long since been held, not only bad, but execrable, and the solemn reversal of the attainder of that murdered man, by Parliament, has consigned the pre cedent, as history has the memory of his murderers, not to oblivion, for that is impossible, but to imperishable in famy. As none of the written papers which were seized in Frost's house have been laid as overt acts of the pre viously formed design to depose the Queen, charged in the indictment, we are bound to believe that they have no reference to any such treasonable design, and that, as far as the specific acts of treason charged are con cerned, they arc perfectiy innocent documents. Still, we trust, if not produced on the trial, they will be called for in Parliament,—where Lord John Russell must be prepared to answer why;ln the first place, he made Frost a Magistrate, under the extraordinary circum stances which attended that appointment, and why, in the next place, he, as the Home Secretary up to a re cent period, or Lord Normanhy, his successor, had no more knowledge of a rebellion being preparing in South Wales than Lord Durham had of the organization of a second civil war in Canada, while parading the country with all the pomp of oriental despotism, spreading his peacock plumage to the sun, and boasting that he had effeetteally crushed the seeds of insurrection, though events showed that he had been sowing the dra gon's teeth, that were soon to spring into armed men. lf, indeed, the Executive Government (lid receive timely information of the ripening rebellion long before the 4th of November, and still allowed that rebellion to be matured, by whomsoever originally concocted, until it drenched the streets of Newport in blood, the members of that Government would be the real erimi. oafs. We will not prejudge any of the accused now about to take their trial, but will only observe that if Frost. and his fellow prisoners were proved to have been guilty of all that is charged in the indictment, their guilt would be still inferior to that of a Government which could look at such preparations for civil war, and allow preventive laws to sleep until rebellion rained blood upon an unsuspecting community. If, on the other hand, Government was as profoundly un conscious of the treason which must have been long preparing, and in which thousands of deluded men were concerned, as Sir John Campbell, when he boasted at Edinburgh that Chartism had been put down without one drop of blood (he forgot the bloodshed of the Bull ring), their ignorance would be almost as criminal as a conniving knowledge. It is just one of those cases in which the great Whig leader, Fox, told Lord North that " ignorance in a Minister was a crime of the first magnitude." If Government knew of the intended re bellion beforehand, and took not the necessary and lawful means to prevent it, they are guilty of misprision of treason. If they knew nothing whatever of it until the fatal explosion took place, they have shown almost more than in any other instance their utter incapacity to govern. In either case the conduct of the Queen's Ministers touching the design to depose her Majesty, is, as well as the origin of the treason, fit subject for a Parliamentary investigation. (From the Morning Advertiser.) While slandering their Queen to an unutterable ex tent of calumny, the Tories evince a most morbid sensibility of any unfavourable allusion to the Church or its dignitaries. All imputations, however gross or infamous, against the Sovereign—whose only or gravest fault appears to be a wish to afford a favourable consi deration to the claims of the people over whom she is called to preside —are received with rapturous acelama- F tion ; but the slightest inculpatory allusion against the Church or its pastors—whose ministry is perhaps most keenly felt in the exactions levied from a dissentient people—is regarded as a trebly-dyed atrocity. As an instance of this perverse obliquity of vision, or crimi nality of purpose, we may refer to the Times of yes terday, which, though it had either applauded or at tempted to qualify the most disgusting charges against the Queen, waxed wondrously wroth at the public ex pression of indignation against her Majesty's maligners, of whom the foremost and most vituperative were the reverend revilers of the Established Church. Through their great conduit of infamous invective the Tories thus allude to those who dared to express a frank and free opinion of the Church and Bishops : " With the unhallowed purpose of involving those emi nent persons in public obloquy, they have been variously and pertinaciously maligned, as the determined abettors of corruption, as the relentless persecutors of Dissent, as the enemies of popular education, es the sycophants of political intrigue, as mere luxurious sinecurists, and we know not what besides; but especially as the opponents of every legislative improvement, and, still more, as the de fenders of every ecclesiastical abuse. The licensed hawkers of these wholesale calumnies consist chiefly of in fidel Whigs, Popish indulgence-mongers, rancorous secta rian preachers, Church-rate contessors of the John Thorogood school, together with the accomplished artists who fabricate, as ordered. the morning and evening scur rilities of the Melbourne Press. " That the vile venom of infidels and Papists should be habitually vomited at an order of men who, more than any other, have so exposed their respective systems of licen tiousness and imposture as to have left them without a rag to cover their naked infamy, cannot be matter of sur prise to any one." In the foregoing terse tirade there is a text for volumes, but as our space is limited, we shall nail our Contem porary to his own statement of the case, and first call upon him to prove, if he can, the negative of the follow ing queries :—Are not the bishops and clergymen of the Church of England the determined abettors of corruption ? The relentless persecutors of Dissent ? The enemies of popular educcion ? The sycophants of political intrigue ? Mere luxurious sinecurists The opponents of every legislative improvement ? The defenders of every ecclesiastical abuse ? With the ex perience of the last few years, independently of the testimony which centuries have id:forded against ascen dant Churches, who, save the Times and the Tories, would dare to answer one of these queries by a negative. In thus challenging inquiry, the rimes has left the Churchmen—to use its own powerful language—" with out a rag to cover their naked infamy." The exhibition is too gross to need or even admit of any commentary in its exposure ; we shall, therefore, for the present leave the spiritual pastors of the Church to the degrad ing scrutir,y which their trumpeter has challenged for them. (Prom the ~:liforling Past.) The following statement, upon the accuracy of which the public may confidently rely, affords a striking illus tration of the industry, zeal, and success with which Chartist principles have been diffused, and the Chartist organisation established among the labouring population of Great Britain, None of our readers can have for gotten the conviction and transportation of the Dorches ter labourers, or the crime (that of administering un lawful oaths for seditious or treasonable purposes) for which they were consigned to this punishment, after a trial at which Mr. Baron Williams, a Judge whose libe ralism had been the cause of his elevation to the Bench, presided. As little can the circumstances under which these persons returned to this country have faded from recollection. The walls of the House of Commons had revethcreted loud and violent invectives against the Wtr* • , d Ica.Government for having permitted the taw lilt to take its course in respect to offenders of principles and habits so coligeoial to itS' The Ministers of the Crown, unfortunately, could not but feel the sting of such a reproach. But in addition to this they are threatened with the loss of some of the votes of the Radical party in the House they so i rreproac h a bl e , or so Cl(- Y t o n f e fI C o o m t. a m Commons moral f tchh persisted i n d ea li n g h a rdly with vated, rather, in liberal estimation that the gravest charge against them was the administration of unlawful oaths for treasonable or seditious purposes. The latter argument was irresistible. Ministers could not fford the loss with which they were threatened—the loss of some half dozen Radical votes. The Dorchester la bourers were accordingly pardoned, and brought back to England from the penal colony to which they had been sent. That they were pardoned and brought back contrary to the deliberate judgment of the Execu- THE SUN, LONDONT, TUESDAY, DECRABVII, 17 1839. tive Government may be inferred frjrn the reluctance with which, after much badgering and menaces often repeated, a weak and unprincipled Administration con sented to this c x !reise of the Royal prerogative of mercy. Tait section of the supporters of the squeez able Administration which had squeezed it into the per petration of the above act of conscious misgovern ment, did not fail to manifest their sense of the triumph they had achieved by every kind of celebra tion. The arrival in London of the returned convicts was signalized by a public procession, a public dinner, and a public subscription. The cause of Radicalism and of unlawful oaths had gained a splendid victory over social order and Lord John Russell, on this first and only occasion of even an apparent alliance be tween the two latter ; and the joy of the Radicals knew no bounds. That it made many of them sub scribe to the fund for the Dorchester labourers would be an inadequate attestation of its power : it carried some to the extraordinary length, as our subsequent narratis e will partly show, of paying the amount of their subscriptions. Some short time after the creation of the fund a gentleman, who acted as the trustee or manager of an estate in Essex, was solicited by one of the tenants to grant him permission to sublet his farm, as he (the tenant) had received a most advan tageous offer. Not only was he to have a considerable premium, but he was to be paid according to his own valuation for his stock, Ploughings, &c. The repre sentative of the landlord was a little surprised by this communication, as he considered the actual rent quite as much as the farm was worth. He acceded, however, to the application, requiring, of course, satis• factory security for the future payment of the rent and the fulfilment of the other conditi ons o f t h e l ease . Th e arrangements were speedily completed, and a person of the name of George Loveless entered into the occupa tion of the farm, which Is situat e d in th e p ar i s h, u p t o this time a very tranquil one, of Grinstead, near On gar. George Loveless was accompanied by two men, who assisted him in the labour of the farm. The names of the latter are Joseph Lovelass and James Bruce. ~ what " reader will naturally exclaim, " can all this have to do with Chartism or its propa cation, with the Dorchester labourers whom Lord John Russell brought back from New South Wales, or the subscription which Lord John's Radical suppc.rters and squeezers raised for their benefit ?" \Ve proceed, therefore, to supply the necessary link of connection. The names we have just mentioned, as those of the men who bought out the Essex farmer, are the names of three of the Dorchester labourers, and the check by which the outgoing farmer was paid on account of premium and stock, bore the signature of Sir William Molesworth. It was soon afterwards dis covered that two others of the Dorchester labourers had also been planted in a farm in another parish (High Laver) in the same county. And what was the effect of this Ministerial counter-colonization from Botany Bay to the rural parishes of Essex ? The new settlers at Grinstead and High Laver had not been long established among the hitherto quiet and well-conducted population of these parishes before they began to agitate, and to agitate in a manner and with a degree of success which showed but too plainly that their mission of mischief had not been en trusted to unpractised or unskilful hands. Chartist newspapers were quickly seen in active circulation. The beer-shops in which they were to be found became more frequented and more noisy than heretofore. A Chartist Association was formed at Grinstead, and, by the com bined or alternate influence of persuasion and of terror, nearly the whole of the agricultural labourers in that and the adjoining parishes were induced to join it. A weekly subscription was exacted from each of them, and they were told that when their fund amounted to a certain sum it would be increased by the Committee in London. Frequent meetings were held—the time selected for this purpose being generally on Sunday morning, during the hours of Divine Service. The meetings became progressively more and more nume rous. At first the farmhouse occupied by the new settlers was large enough to contain them, but ere long the farmyard was found insufficient, and the assemblies were held in an adjoining field. Delegates attended the meetings from Waltham Abbey, Epping, Harlow, Broadoak, Hatfield, &c. &c. Delegates and orators from Landon, sometimes to the number of forty, were also occasionally present. The project of a general rising of the Chartists on or about the 12th of August was discussed and entertained. The effect of these pro ceedings was to diffuse a generalsense of insecuritythrough out that part of the country, and so far to disturb the ha bitual relation between the farmers and labourers, that the former thought it necessary to adopt a system of hiring for the last harvest different from their pre vious practice, and to engage their labourers on such terms that, in case of desertion from their work, they might be liable to summary punishment. It is gratifying to us to be enabled to add, that, since the discomfiture of the Chartists at Newport, the Essex disciples of the Dorchester labourers have dwindled, or seemed to dwindle, alike in numbers and in courage. It hnppened by a remarkable, but no doubt quite an accidental co incidence that very soon after the establishment of the Dorchester labourers in Essex, and the commencement of their liberal exertions, Lord John Russell endea voured to disband the West Essex Yeomanry Cavalry, the only efficient protection then or since in existence for the extensive gunpowder magazines of Government in that part of the country, and that his Lordship made this attempt, which the corps happily defeated, by their patriotic determination to bear their own expenses, not only without consultation with the officers of the Board of Ordnance, but in direct opposition to their well known opinions. We fear that only one inference c4R be drawn from this narrative, viz., that the Chartiit organization is very extensively diffused throughout the country. What spot, it will naturally be asked, can he supposed free from this foul infection, when it is seen to have pervaded even the quiet and secluded hamlets of the county of Essex ? And what is to be thought of the Administration whose Home Secretary, during the progress of this organization, was dismissing loyal corps of yeomanry, with every possible manifestation of con tempt ; and whose Attorney-General only waited till it had arrived at its utmost maturity to boast that Char tism had been utterly put down by the indulgent for bearance of the Executive Government ? A public meeting, called by the Mayor and the Boroughreeve and Constables, and, by the latter autho rities appointed to be held in the Townhall, is to take place on Thursday next, and we have no doubt its pro ceedings Kill be regarded with great interest throughout the kingdom.—Manchesler Times. Mr. Tufncll has left town on a visit to Devon port, for which borough his prospects of being returned to Parliament are most favourable. We wish him every success, and trust that he will meet with that support from Naval Officers which he so well merits from his uniform kind conduct in furthering their claims whilst Private Secretary to the First Lord of the Admiralty.— Naval and Military Gazette. SUNDAY TRADING IN COVENT-GARDEN MARKET.—Some time since, on account of a requisi tion from the inhabitants of St. Paul's, Covent-garden, to the late Duke of Bedford, his Grace issued orders that none of the shops in the market should be opened on Sunday. This has been strictly adhered to, and there has been an entire cessation of business on the whole of that day. The shopkeepers and others in the market have, however, memorialised the present Duke, who has given permission for the shops to be open till nine o'clock on Sunday morning, as before the late arrangement. The business will be resumed next Sunday. LIBERAL LP NDLORD.—We are gratified to notice the seasonable liberality of J. B. Story, Esq., of Lockington Hail, who has during the past week distri buted to every one of his numerous cottage tenantry resident on the Lockington estate a ton of coals to cheer the winter's hearth, so that whilst the storm howls harm less without, each heart shall thrill with grateful emo tion to the generous giver.—Derbyshire Chronicle. — e too are gratified to notice " liberality ;'' to do the country gentlemen justice they are no niggards in be stowing bounty—but we prefer justice to generosity, and would rather that the heart of the hushandmen should thrill with the consciousness of hating earned his coals, than feel that he is dependent for them upon alms. Let the landlords give up their monopoly, and there will then be less need of " sea so nable liberality."] EXTRAORDIN ARY CONSPIRACY. — A plot of the most extra or di nar y na ture has been recently disco vered at the f actory o f M essr s. Bourne and Hartley, the eoach proprietors, the timely disc over y of wl.ich has, in all probability, p res erved the extensive concerns of those coach p ro p r i etors from destruction. It appea r s that an appr ent i ce i n t h e f a ctory conceived the atro cious project o f sett i ng fire to the premises , and en gaged the co- o p erat i on o f a young lad employed t here to effect his p urpose . B y p r ovidential means their in tentions became known, and they were both appre hended, and after undergoing a private examination, were committed to stand their trial. What renders the whole affair the more unaccountable is the circumstance that the father and family of this apprentice are under great obligations to the firm in whose employment they are. Thu father is a confidential porter at the coach office in D awson - s t reet . The boy himself, his family assert, must be lab our i n g' under insanity ; he is quit e deaf, The na mes o f t h e two pers ons implicated are Bolt and St orey .—Dublin Allonitor. A L A RoBSPECIMATION- -The Alessrs. Gregg have lately p u r c h ase d t h e v e ry large spinning establish ment at Ringley, six miles from Manchester and four from Bolton, from Mr. W. Crompton of that place. Its original cost is said to have exceeded 60,000/. There are 140 cottages attached to the works, and they form part of the purchase. When this mill is in full operation, the Messrs. Gregg will be the largest consumers of cot ton in the world.—Bolton Free Press. HINT TO FARMERS.—As it becomes necessary to save every grain of wheat after two such unproduc- tive harvests, it may be worth the n otice of farmers to know that ricks may be protected from the depredations of birds, by s ti c ki ng into them spars s meared wi th coal tar ; and hay-ba n d s smeared with it over the sides and tops of the stacks. The experiment has this year been tried with perfect success.—Wilts Herald. MONEY MARE ET attd CITY N.t.; Vl' . (MONDAY EVENING.) CHRONICLE.—The cotton crop in America is reported as most abundant, equal to 2,000,000 of bales, which must soon be appearing in the English market, causing a further fall in the price of the raw material, and thus assisting our manufacturers to keep their hands employed at full time through the present winter, set ting in upon the working classes in our great commer cial town under symptoms of the most severe adversity. This being settling day in the Foreign house, the principal business was that of arranging the accounts. The dealings in Peninsular Securities bad not been very extensive ; but in Colombian Stock large differences had to be paid, the extreme fluctuations having been 6i per cent. Money was particularly easy, the rates generally not much exceeding 5 to 7i per cent. TIMES.—The accounts received to-day from New York are very generally adopted as favourable, but this remark should be qualified by saying, that this is only true in the comparison with previous accounts, and some notion may be formed of the severity of the recent pressure for money there when it is adduced as a proof of improvement, that discount at the rate of 30 per cent. only is required for long bills, and about 18 per cent. for short bills. We have not been in a much better situation here for some time back in regard to second-rate paper, if the real as well as the nominal rate could be got at ; and the conclusion to be drawn on both sides of the water from such a state of things is, that as no trade upon which all these discount transactions lean can make returns commensu rate with so high a value for money, the whole must still be hollow and unsubstantial, and attended with great danger both to the lenders and the borrowers at that rate. A much greater reduction must occur be fore the trade of the United States can be pronounced in a safe position. In banking affairs the best feature is the continuance of specie payments by the banks of New York, which may, if persevered in, save the country, by putting to the test the solidity of all those which do not pay in specie. The influx of specie into that state had steadily continued from the time when it was seen that the banks were likely to keep firm, depositors naturally sending it to that place, where if it was wanted, they could be sure to have it again. But for this steady action at New York, it is admitted that bullion must either have been hoarded or sent out of the country. Little is said in these accounts of the" United States," Bank, the fate of which, however, must be finally sealed in a very short time, if no attempt is made to take up its en gagements in specie. But the Americans are accus tomed to take these things much more coolly than we do, who are infinitely more sensitive on the score of credit. If they could be roused to a better feeling in that respect, all might still go well with the intercourse between the two countries. The annexed circular has been issued in the State of Pennsylvania to restrain the issue of small notes by the banks which have suspended general specie pay ments : " Sir,—We have been informed that since the present suspension of specie payments, the bank of which you aro an officer has either issued, paid out, or transferred bank -notes, bills or tickets, purporting to be bank-notes, of a less denomination than five dollars. This pro ceeding is not only a violation of the Act of Assembly passed the 12th day of April, 1828, entitled An Act concerning Small Notes for the payment of Money," but is performed in total disregard of the letter ad dressed by his Excellency David R. Porter to Ovid F. Johnson, Elq., Attorney-General of the Commonwealth, dated the 10th day of October instant, and the circular of the same date issued by the Attorney-General to his several deputies. We have been expressly in structed to institute the proceedings prescribed in the Act of Assembly above mentioned against all persons and bodies corporate who shall violate any of its provi sions ; and in performance of the duty thus enjoined, we will institute the proper proceedings against your bank and all other banks offending against the provisions of the aforesaid law, if such violations shall hereafter be repeated. We beg leave to request you to favour us immediately with an answer on this subject, and if the information we have received in reference to your bank is well founded, whether you design to persist in the same course in future, or to abandon it. In the spirit of the letter of his Excellency the Governor, and of the circular of the Attorney-General above referred to, we have been admonished to pursue a deliberate, but firm and ur ffnching course in relation to the violation of the Act of Assembly adverted to, and we will accordingly prosecute all offenders whose names may conic to our knowledge, with the most unyielding determination to maintain inviolate the provisions of this wise and salu tary law. Very respectfully, " GEORGE W. BARTON,2I, Prune-street. "C. WALLACE BROOKE, 199, Walnut-street, " For the Attorney-General." PQST.—The commercial letters received this morning from the United States, by the Roscius. ar rived sit' Liverpool, are more cheering than had been anticipated. The pressure on the Money Market at New York had already materially dimi nished, and it is considered here that, upon the arrival out of the Liverpool steamer, a still further improve ment would take place, the advices of which that ves sel is the bearer being decidedly more encouraging than those which had been just obtained by the British Queen. One of our Contemporaries has found out, by means of the Paris ad vices lately received in town, that the sum paid by the Bank of France, on account of the Bank of England, by virtue of the arrangement be tween the two establishments which has been so much commented upon, is, after all, only 160,0001. sterling. We had ourselves heard in well-informed quarters on this side the Channel that the amount was very incon siderable, and so far we may, therefore, venture to con firm the Paris statement upon the subject. This was account day in the Foreign house. No thing special occurred upon the occasion. The dif ferences were heavy in the Colombian Market, but no ease of default was reported. Accounts were carric‘.l over at a continuation varying from 1-16 to 3.16, money being easy. The transactions for the end of the month were in some instances at a shade of improve ment. A meeting of the Committee of Spanish American bondholders took place this morning, at which it was resolved to address letters to the representatives of the three States, Venezuela, New Granada, and Ecuador, on the matter lately brought before them, requesting an interview for the purpose of further discussing the merits of their respective propositions. An early day will doubtless be appointed for that object. HERALD.—The Discount Market is certainly easier, and it is anticipated that it will continue so for some time. The accounts from the Continent generally have lately noticed that silver bullion was becoming plentiful. The continental letters, received to-day from Hamburg, one of the largest bullion markets in Ger many, mention that money was plentiful in that city, so much so that it commanded three per cent. only. Silver is said to be more plentiful than it has been for some time in Germany, particularly some parts of Prussia, where it has been for a long time freely remitted in pay ment for corn, both from this country and France. DIMINUTION OF WAGES. We perceive from Burn's Conzmercial Glance that in the first nine months of 1839, there has been a decrease of 317,796 bags, or about '25 per cent., in our imports of raw cotton, as compared with the first nine months of 1838. Now, as the stock of raw cotton on hand at present is only about 60,000 bags less than it was last year at this time, it is clear that our consumption of cotton during the first nine months of 1839 must have been very little short of 20 per cent. less than it was during the same period of 1838. Taking these facts into account, then, let us see bow the falling off in the amount of wages paid would be. In 1832 our annual consumption of cotton, according to Macculloch, was 891,574 bags. The total amount of wages paid to the various classes of operatives—including spinners, weavers, bleachers, engineers, machine makers, masons, smiths, joiners, &c.—at that time, was estimated by him at 21,000,0001. annually. But the quantity of cotton wool entered for home consumption last year was 460,756,023 ; while in 1832 it was only 260,000,000, according to Macculloch. So that we shall be con siderably under the mark if we estimate the wages paid to the various classes of operatives employed in the cotton manufacture last year at 32,000,0001. Compar ing the amount of wages paid in the first nine months of 1838 and 1839, the difference will then be as follows :- 1838 £24,000,000 1839 (20 per cent. less) Here we have a falling off in the purchasing power of the operatives employed in this branch of manufactures alone to the enormous extent of 4,800,0001. in nine months. But the number of mills on short time, or entirely stoppeJ, is much greater now than it was dur ing any part of those nine months ; so that if we bring up the account to the end of the year, it will exhibit the following result as compared with the previous twelvemonths : Wages paid. 1838 £32,000,000 1839 (20 per cent. less) A reduction of 6,400,0001. in the amount of wages paid to one portion of the labouring classes ! Of this large sum, which our industrious operatives have been pre vented from earning by our mischievous laws, nearly 5,000,0001. would have gone into the pockets of the people of Lancashire. What wonder, then, that th e population of this country arc starving ? If the greater number of them have little more than can supply them with a sufficiency of the first necessaries of life, even when in full employment, what a wretched condition must they be in now when their wages have been dimi nished to the extent of about 41. per head for the whole population of the county, man, woman, child I—Bolton Free Press. Mr. O'Connell's son, Morgan, has received his patent of appointment to the Registryofsce in Dublin. MEETI?k of the CLERGY of KENT TO THE EDITOR OF THE . MOANING CHRONICLE'. short time since I sent you an account of the strangd doings of the clergy of Rochester, who, when called together by the Archdeacon of the diocese to promote the education of the poor in the principles of the Church of England, refused to entertain the sub ject until they had passed a condemnatory vote upon the Queen's Ministers for their unchristian scheme of edu cation. Upon the Archdeacon's refusal to put the vote, the meeting separated. Determined, however, not to be defeated, the following circular was sent to those who were supposed to be influenced by the same views, with an invitation to meet at Rochester 1— " MEETING ON THE SUBJECT OF NATIONAL EDUCA TION, UNDER THE SANCTION OF THE BISHOP OF ROCHESTER. " In order that the precise object of the meeting of the clergy and laity to be held at Rochester on Friday next, the 13th instant, may be distinctly understood, and with a view to insure perfect unanimity, we beg to sub join a copy of the declaration and resolution proposed to be adopted, the same having been submitted to the Bishop, and fully approved by him : " I. This meeting, impressed by a deep conviction that the Government plan of national instruction, as well in its present as in its original form, is both evil in its principle, and hostile to the welfare and perpetuity of the Established Church ; and persuaded of the disposi tion of the Education Committee to renew the attempt to introduce the proposed plan at any favourable op portunity, desire publicly to record their decided disap probation of it. They are unable to express their views on this subject more appropriately and forcibly than in the words of Sir Robert Peel, in his speech in Parlia ment., on the 20th June last, in the debate on this great question of national education. ''With re spect to the Established Church,' Sir Robert Peel declared I hope that, rather than consent to any plan from which ecclesiastical authority shall he excluded, it will separate itself altogether from the State =on this point, and take the education of the people into its own hands.' In this opinion the present meeting, influenced solely by religious and not political considerations, entirely concur, and now unanimously declare their determination to act in conformity with it ; and trust that the same sentiment will actuate the whole body of the Church of England engaged in the cause of national education, and that they will stedfastly refuse to accept any pecuniary aid whatever from the State, and separate altogether from it on this point, rather than be parties to so unsound and dangerous a plan, or suffer the Ecclesiastical authorities to be ex cluded from the superinteuence of the religious educa tion of the people.' " 2. That this meeting pledge themselves to promote sound Scriptural education, in connection with the Esta blished Church, to the utmost of their power, indepen dently of any aid from the Government while combined with the principle of inspection, as at present insisted upon. " M. IRVING, Prebendary of Rochester, D. F. WARNER, Vicar of St. Warburgh, Hoo, G. HARKER, Vicar of St. Nicholas, Rochester, S. DEWE, Rector of Kingsdown, A. MARTIN, W. W D. B. LEWIS, E. TWO PE NY. " Rochester, Dec. 6, 1839." Accordingly a very numerous body of the clergy from various parts of the county, and a smaller number of the laity, assembled on Friday last, when Lord Bexley was called to the chair. The business was commenced with a letter from the Bishop of Rochester, approving of the meeting and lamenti..g his inability to attend. The Rev. Mr. Formby then proposed to read a letter from the Archdeacon, which was understood to contain his reasons for declining to be present. The reading of this letter was successfully resisted, upon the plea that no reasoning was allowed, the object of the meeting being only to give assent to the resolutions to be submitted to them. Colonel Austin then proposed the resolution in the words of the circular, upon which, Dr. Griffith, one of the Prebends, moved, that all relating to Sir Robert Peel should be omitted. He was in terrupted with the objection that was urged against reading the Archdeacon's letter ; but it appearing that the circular had not been sent to all who were invited, and that therefore some had no opportunity of judging of the propriety of the resolutions, the Chairman al lowed the discussion to proceed. A long debate then ensued, during which more warmth of temper was dis played than is expected from ministers of the gospel of peace. At length, upon a division, Sir Robert's name and all connected with it were expunged, and the reso lution, thus curtailed, was adopted by a large majority. The feelings by which the two parties in this debate were influenced may be readily guessed at. The ma jority, bearing in mind the grievous injury inflicted upon the Church by Sir Robert, in the affair of Catholic Emancipation, would naturally be indisposed to re-ap point him for their champion ; whilst the authors of the circular, composed with such care, as they fondly though vainly'helieved, " to insure perfect unanimity," 6sperieueeti , the jealousy of others at the attempt to impugn their taste and judgment. Having thus accomplished their purpose of calum niating Government, their next object ought to have been the promotion of " sound Scriptural education," which, at the former meeting, they declared was only postponed till the vote of censure was passed. No such disposition was however manifested, and the meeting separated without taking a single step towards that pur pose, although one of the speakers strongly urged them to embrace the favourable opportunity of so large an at tendance to appoint a Committee. The schism between the Peelites and anti-Peelites was quite unexpected after the precautions to secure unanimity. As far as the welfare of the country is con cerned, it is immaterial which party triumphed, both being unanimous in their refusal of the proffered aid of the State to remove the ignorance of the poorer classes— ignorance mainly arising from the negligence of the clergy in the performance of their duty. Many of the meeting now regret that Sir Robert's name was introduced, and, having been introduced, that any opposition was created to its remaining. I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, Dec. 14. A FRIEND TO EDUCATION. STATE OF EDUCATION. In the three months, July, August, and September, 1838, there were 27,670 couples married in England and Wales, whose marriages were duly registered, and copies of the registers transmitted to the General Re gister-office. Of these, the number who did not write their names, but signed with a mark, was —men, 8,733 ; women, 13,624. The proportion per cent. of those who signed with a mark in the whole of England and Wales, in the metropolis, in North Wales, and in South Wales, together with Herefordshire and Monmouthshire, is as follows : Men. Women. Mean, England and Wales 32 ... 48 ... 40 The Metropolis ll ... 25 ... 18 North Wales 39 ... 70 ... 54.5 ... South Wales, including Here - 46 56 ... 51 fordshire and Monmouthshire The above return includes all classes, and affords, perhaps, the best test that could possibly be obtained of the state of education as regards writing among the adult population, and shows to what extent they profited by such means of education as existed about ten years ago. LLANELLY RAILWAY.—There is little doub but this line will be opened to the public on or abou the Ist of January next year. The trade at Birmingham is extremely bad ; re mittances to a large amount were expected by the last Great Western from America, but none came, and even one of the largest houses was obliged to have recourse to the assistance of a banker. WHEELER THE CHARTIST.—James Wheeler, printer, of Whittle-street, Manchester, who is well known in this town as having taken an active part in the late Chartist agitation, and against whom an indictment was found at the last Liverpool Assizes for sedition, was apprehended by Mr. Beswick, on Thursday morn ing last, and. brought up at the Borough Court, before C. J. S. Walkar, Esq., and John Brooks, Esq. Mr. Beswick having stated that he took the prisoner into custody under a Bench warrant, Mr. Walker (address ing ing the prisoner)--You must find two sureties i el s n each, and be bound over yourself in 1001. VV ,,, l :_ c o have That is too much for a poor man like me, who " worked hard all my life. It is too m uch n f ing d . m o y in g pr n in o : thing but speaking the truth, and m been required in all the other H a nging-ditch, and Oldham-street, and prin ciples. Mr. Walker—Two suretiessasioonsl77ls, fhe ea su h t a ie v :, their respective re Mr. William Willis, bookselleerr,: Mr. Abel, Heywood, booksellnto Wheeler himself; then e ntered ' left th C t cognizances ; after which t hey e ourlll att chester Guardian. ome French officers hav e Tux's, Nov. 2 z. --S to partwithwhat is • he him lately been here to buy horses for the army in Algiers. Unwilling as the Bey is . . _ self much in want of (13ein,, busy organising his army), the requisite P erm ission has b een g i ven, and 300 Greek residents l, it here horses will, it is expe cted, be embarked for th e Fr enc h possessions I3in ` r Consul, e ase nfet ewd thanking d aa3n. days. addressile to him f or hi s we ll-ti me d a Sir . Read e, thend havel3r i c e tib ssful interfe rence i n behalf of the poor Greekjustu s gunsmith who had the misfortune accidentally to kill a Mussulman, and was about to expiate his involuntary offence with his life. The Russian Consul, under whese protection the poor fellow lived, had refused to interfere. A Maltese vessel, the S. Crucifix, exploded here on the 10th instant. Eleven of the crew were killed. The captain and one of his men happened to be on shore at the time, and thus escaped the fate of their comrades. There will be forty tables at the Anti-Corn-law dinner in Manchester on the 9th of January, each table calculated to accommodate 75 persons. Tickets are now selling quickly—a good sign, seeing that it will be still four weeks before the dinner takes place.—Liver pool Chronicle. EVIAING EDITION. COURT CIRCULAR. WINDSOR, MONDAY.—The nirebioress or Nor c anby drove out in the Park this mornwg in a car riage, awl the Hon. Misses Paget and Anson also took an airing in a pony phaeton. Her Majesty has not left the Castle to-day. The Earl of Albemarle took his departure from the Castle this morning, and Viscount Melbourne arrived thig evening, and joined the Royal circle at dinner. The Royal Dinner party this evening is expected to include her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, the Marchioness of Normanby, Lady Fanny Howard, Hon. Miss Paget, Hon. Miss Anson, Viscountess Forbes, Baroness Lehzen, Viscount Melbourne, Earl of Fingal!, Sir Robert Otway, Hon. Colonel Grey, and the Hon. Charles A. Murray. The Duchess of Gloucester visited her Majesty the Queen Dowager yesterday, at Marlborough House. Her Royal Highness also visited the Princess Augusta, at Clarence House, St. James's. Viscount Melbourne left his official residence in Downing-street at four o'clock yesterday afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. A Deputation, consisting of George Stacey, John Hodgkin, and Josiah Forster, had an interview with the Marquis of Normanby, yesterday, at the Home office. M.• Van de Weyer, the Belgian Minister, transacted business, yesterday, at the Foreign-office Despatches from Major-General Napier, of the Cape of Good Hope, were received yesterday at the Colonial office. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE• ARRIVALS. Colonel and Mrs. Albany, at Fenton's Hotel, St. James's-street, from Jamaica ; Sir B. and Lady Wrey, at ditto, from Devon ; Lord and Lady Carew and family, at ditto, from Ireland ; J. D. Bates, Esq., at ditto, from Brussels ; Earl Cadogan, in Piccadilly ; Lord Howden, in Hereford-street ; Prince Licven in Charles-street, Berkeley-square ; the Earl of Beauchamp, in Portman square. DEPARTURES. Lard and 1.,,dy Willoughby d'Eresby, the Earl and Countess of Hardwieke, the Earl of Macclesfield, for Sherborne Castle, Oxon ' • Lord J. Manners, f o r Belvoir Castle ; Mr. Barton and family, from Fenton's Hotel, St. James's-street, from Brighton ; Sir E. and Lady Hartopp. from ditto, for ditto ; J. H. Parke, Esq., from ditto, for Stonewall Park, Kent ; Lady Kensington and Miss Ed wards, from Hoskins's Elmtel,Dover and Albemarle-streets, for Lincolnshire ; Sir Edward and Lady Dering, and fa mily, from ditto, for Lincolnshire ; James Page, Esq., from ditto, for Kent ; the Earl and Countess of Guild ford, Lord North and family, from ditto, for Hants ; Miss Smith, from ditto, for the Down House, Dorset ; Lord Seaton, Hon. Mr. Colborne, and lion. Mr. F. Colborne, from ditto, for Devon. CHANGES. _ His Grace the Archbishop of York, at Bisbopthorpe , from a visit to the Earl and Countess of Harewood ; Mr. W, and Lady Anna Maria Monsell, at Dunraven Castle, Glamorgansbire, on a visit to the Earl and Countess of Dunraven, from Ireland ; Lord and Lady Clinton, on a visit to Lord and Lady Rolle, at Bicton Lodge; the Duke of Devonshire, at Trentham Hall, from West Park; Lord and Lady Stanley, on a visit to Sir Rowland and Lady Hill ; Sir John and Lady Gerard, at New Hall, Lanca shire ; Lord Western, at Bath ; the Earl Bathurst, at Oakley Park ; Lady Dunally, at Leamington-Spa, from Ireland ; the Bishop of Worcester, at Brighton, fro m Worcester ; Lord John Russell, on a visit to the Marqui s and Marchioness of Lansdowne, at Bowood ; th e Marqu is and Marchioness of Anglesey, at Beaudesert, from a visit to the Earl and Countess of Sandwich; Lord W illiam Fitzgerald, in town, from the Continent ; Lord and Lady Torrington, at Bath ; Mrs. Temple West, at Leamington, from Monkton, Somersetshire. SEASONABLE BENEFACTIONS• Miss Boswell, the great Scotch heiress of Allanton, attained her majority on the 9th inst., on which auspi cious occasion a liberal distribution of beef, bread, and ale was sent from Blackadder to all the families in Allanton, and to tha feuars at Whitsome, in which parish a considerable part of Miss Boswell's property is situated. The Earl of Wemyss, Sir Thomas Hepburn, M.P., and the Dowager Lady Hepburn have liberally con tributed towards the fund, at Haddington, for supply ing the poor with coals. The sum of 34/. 18s. 10d. was raised after a sermon in the parish Church of Haddington, by the Rev. J. Forsyth, for the same purpose. Lord and Lady Harcwood have distributed their annual bounty to the poorer classes in the parishes ad jacent to Hardwood Hall during the last week. The Hon. Captain Irby and some of the leading gentry of Bath have formed an association for suppl rice the poor of that city with coals at a reduced price during the present inclement season. In consequence of the distress existing at Nottinglianit arising from non-employment of the working classes, a subscription has been entered into for their relief, to which her Majesty's Government has contributed 2001. ; Smith Wright, Esq., 50 guineas ; Major-General Sir Charles Napier, K.C.8., 101. 10s., &c. Married, yesterday, at St. George's, Hanaver square, the Viscount Palmerston to the Dowager_ Countess Cowper, widow of the late Earl Cowper, and only sister of the Viscount Melbourne. Immediately after the ceremony they set off for Broadlands, his Lora' . ship's seat in Hampshire. The Earl and Countess of Orford have a select party at Wollcrton Park, Norfolk. Earl Cadogaa will visit his noble friend in tha course of the week. The Dowager Countess of Liverpool , with Mr.' and. Mrs. Jenkinson, arrived at her residence at Kier ston, on Wednesday last, from Dover Castle, tvhere her Ladyship has been passing the autumn. The Duke and Duchess of Buckingham, ac companied by the Marquis of Chandos and Lady A. Greville, arrived at As ington House, their seat in Hants, on Friday last, from Stowe Park, Bucks. A distinguished circle will assemble at the former seat this week to enjoy the hospitalities of the Noble Duke and Duchess. The Eat! of Minto will leave the Admiralty, at the close of the week for Minto Castle, Roxburgh shire, where the Countess of Minto and the Ladies Elliott are passing the winter. The Noble Earl will return to town the first week in next month. The Marquis arid Marchioness of Bute have left Camden Hill for Luton Park, Bedfordshire , where the Noble Marquis intends to pass the Christants. His Lordship had been detained in town some weeks on ur gent business connected with Glamorganshire, of which county be is Lord-Lieutenant. The Marquis of Waterford and Mr. Ma dev ot e have returned to the Cavendish Hotel , from Melton, where his Lordship has taken the splendid maasi" formerly occupied by the late Sir Harry Goodricke, 13c.rt. Prince Alexander Lieven, who has been staying some weeks in this country with the Prince Lieven, go es to Paris in a few days, where his mother, the Princess Lieven, is residing. The Noble Prince, during his sojourn, has purchased several valuable horses. Lord Henry Russell has gone on the Continent for the benefit of his health. HOWICK HALL, SATURDAY.—The Earl and Countess of Durham, with the Ladie s Mary and Alice Lambton, arrived on a visit to Earl and Couatess Grey, this afternoon, from Lambton Castle. KINMELL PARK, DENBIGIISHIRE.—Lord Dinorben has invited a large party, to meet his Royal Highness the Duke of Sussex, who is expected on Fri• day evening next. Sir Richard and Lady Bulkeley, the Hon. Captain and M rs. Rowley and Pryse Pryeer Esq., M.P.. are among the o visitors expected. Colonel Hughes, M.P., brother t the NoblLord, suffering from severe i n disposition, which confines hill to his chamber . The Duke of Sussex, it is expected, m.P., and Mr. W. Eva ns , M.P have w ill remain six weeks on a visit to Lord Dinorben. The Duke of Devonshire, Sir George Crewe, o Honourablesan Board o Baronet a Education.ronet are also Lively g iven ivg iven the munifice n t d onat i on o f 1001. reap& 100/. to th e Lichfield D an nual subscribers. —Derbyshire Chronicle. Count Albert EAterhazy left Chandos Ho use at the close of th e past wee k f or A ustr i a , w here bis D u ke and c,ll .eneY the theiceThe liberal Noble Prince -Esterhazy has arrived from Paris. The Rev. John and Mrs. Peel, acc ompanied by their f am il y , left Mivart's Hotel, yesterday, for Ware sley Hall, Stout port, for the Christmas. The preliminaries of a marriage are understood to be adjusted between the Honotirable Captain 'Witt" son, brother to Lord Sondes, and Miss Quin, daugbtecri of Lord George Quin, and niece to Earl Spencer a n the Marquis of Headfort. The Hon. Colonel Cavendish and familY h f p e d arrived at Dover, where a mansion has been engaged for Lord the winter. in and Lady Harris have been Pla ced mourning, by the demise of her Ladyship's Temple, who died a few days back. the Married on the 30th Nov., at the Church o parish of Lapa, at Lisbon, and afterwards by the Re v ' G. S. Prior, officiating Minister at the British p.roe; testant Chapel in that city. William Smith, Esq. , h ._ Britannic Majesty's Consul, to Donna Eugenia Marl' de Menezes. We are enabled to give the most distinct and o; mother, Mrs. qualified contradiction to the statement hazarded top i cs t an d co Observer (Ministerial Paper) on Sunday last, by several other journals, to the effect that Sir Jen Owen and Colonel Rushbrooke ha d severally deter mined to relinquis h their scats in the House of CV; mons for the counties of Pembroke and Suffolk. " s hculd have been at a loss to account for this fahritcesr tion, as in any case there could be no chance of tit th of the above counties being represent ed by a op portp e of the present Government , but that we perceive us *- Ministerial paragraph is made the vehicle of a nielici%, personal insinuation against the Hon. Membe rs to wbo is refers.-31orning Post.