The Sun. — London, England, 1839-04-22 00:00:00

EVENING- EDITION . PROVISIONS OF THE FACTORIES ACT. JOINT REPORT of the INSPECTORS Of FACTORIES OB the Modifications of the existing Educational Provi sions of the Factories Act, which appear to them desirable. TO THE RiGIIT HON. Loma JOHN RUSSELL. LONDON, JAN. 28, 1839. My Lon?, —Having, in our individual reports, corn plied with that , part of the order of the House of Com ons, of the 15th of August last, which directs us to report separately on the effect of the educational pro visions of the Factories Act, we now proceed, in obe dience to the latter part of the order to lay before your Lordship our joint opinion as to the alterations of the law which appear to us to be necessary for the better ful filment of what we conceive to have been the object of the Legislature in these enactments. The el 'uses of the Act which relate to education are the 20th, 21st, 22a, and 23d, and they are as follow : XX. And be it further enacted, That from and after the expiration of six months from the passing of this Act, every child herein-before restricted to the per formance of 48 hours of labour in any one week shall, so long as such child shall be within the said restricted age, attend some school, to be chosen by the parents or guardians of such child, or such school as may be appointed by any inspector, in case the parents or guardians of such child shall omit to appoint any school, or in case such child shall be without parents or guardians ; and it shall and may be lawful in such last-mentioned case for any inspector to order the employer of any such child to make a deduction from the weekly wages of such child as the same shall become due, not exceeding the rate of ld. in every shilling, to pay for the schooling of such child, and such employer is hereby required to pay the sum so deducted according to the order and direction of such inspector. XXI. And be it further enacted, that, after the ex piration of six months from the passing of this Act, it shall not be lawful to employ, or continue to employ, in any factory or mill any child restricted by this Act to the performance of forty-eight hours of labour in any one week, unless such child shall, on Monday in every week next after the commencement of such employ ment, and during every succeeding Monday, or other day appointed for that purpose by an inspector, give to the factory master or proprietor, or to his agent, a schoolmaster's ticket or voucher,_certifying that such child has for two hours, at least for six out of seven days of the week next preceding, attended his school, except ing in cases of sickness, to be certified in such manner as such inspector may appoint, and in case of any holy day, and in case of absence from any other cause allowed by such inspector, or by any justice of the peace in the absence of the inspector ; and the said last-men tioned ticket shall be in such form as may be settled by any inspector. XXII. And be it further enacted, that whenever it shall appear to any inspector that a new or additional school is necessary or desirable to enable the children employed in any factory to obtain the education required by this Act, such inspestor is hereby authorised to esta blish or procure the establishment of such school. XXIII. And be it further enacted, that if upon any examination or inquiry any inspector shall be of opinion that any schoolmaster or schoolmistress is incompetent, or in any way unfit for the performance of the duties of that office, it shall and may be lawful for such inspector to disallow and withhold the order for any payment or any salary to such schoolmaster or schoolmistress as hereinbefore provided. Children in silk-mills may be employed ten hours a day, and are not required to attend school ; and fac tories used solely for the manufacture of lace do not come under the Act in any manner. , In the enumeration of the powers and duties of the inspectors, contained in the ldth clause, it is enacted as follows : " And such inspectors arc also hereby authorised and required to enforce the attendance at school of chil dren employed in factories according to the provisions of this Act, and to order tickets or such other means as they may think fit for vouchers of attendance at such schools ; and such inspectors are also hereby required to regulate the custody of such tickets or vouchers, and such inspectors may require a register of them to be kept in every school and factory." We shall now proceed to point out the defects in the existing law which interfere with the efficiency of these educational provisions, and to offer such sugges tions as we think will remedy them, so far as circum stances will allow. In the 20th clause it is enacted, that the school may be chosen by the parents or guardians of the child. Pa rents often choose, not the best, but the cheapest school : and it sometimes happens that, on this ground, they re fuse to send their children to an excellent school at the factory, at a moderate fee, because they can get what they call " schooling" elsewhere at a cheaper rate. An instance of this kind occurred to Mr. Horner where the proprietors had taken great pains. to provide a good school on their premises, when school certificates were exhibited to him brought by some of the children from an ignorant woman, which scarcely contained a word without a gross error in spelling ; and the children in this case could net be discharged from the factory without great in convenience to the proprietors, on account of the scanty population around their works. To meet such cases, as well as those where the mill-occupier employs a total* unfit person as a teacher on his premises, and those cases, also, where the children are taught in an unhealthy place, we think it desirable that the power conferred on the inspectors by the 23d clause, which, from the preceding clause being inoperative, cannot be exercised, should be made effective ; and that no cer- I tificate of school attendance should be valid that has been given by any person who shall have been declared by an inspector unfit to teach children, or whose school room shall have been declared by an inspector unfit, to be used as such ; requiring, of course, an intimation to the mill-occupier of such a declaration, before the cer tificates became invalid. By the same clause it is enacted that, when a child is without parents or guardians, the inspector may order the mill-occupier to deduct from the weekly wages of the child one penny in every shilling to pay for the schooling. We are of opinion that, in order to secure his fees to the schoolmaster, which he very often loses whey he has to look to the children for them, it should be enacted that in every case the occupier shall be en titled to deduct from ihe wages of the child such sum as may be approved of by the inspector, not exceeding 3d. in each week, to pay for the schooling, and that, upon demand, he shall pay the sums so deducted to the schoolmaster. By the 21st clause it is enacted that no child can be employed who does not produce every Monday, or other day appointed for that purpose by an inspector, a certi ficate of having attended a school for two hours at least, for six out of seven days of the week next preceding. A great proportion of the schools to which the factory children can be sent are not open on Saturday ; and as the workers above thirteen have almost universally a partial holyday on that day, it is but reasonable that the children should have one too, so far as the school is concerned, more especially as they generally work their full time of eight hours on Saturday, as well as on other days. We do not, however, recommend that the total number of h ours o f weekly school attendance should be diminished, but that, after attending at least two hours on each of five worki ng d ays o f t h e wee k , the remaining two hours may he made up, either by staying longer on all or any one of those five days, or by attendance at a Sunday school, producing a certificate of the sam e , What we n ow recommend amounts to no more than • this, that the children shall have permission to have a holyday at, school every Saturday if they attend twelve hours the rest of the week. ALliough the inspectors have power to order the form of certificate of school attendance, we are of opi nion that it is desirable that a form should be given in the schedule of the Act, and that it should set forth, not only the number of days and hours of attendance, but also the periods of the day when the children were at school ; because it will afford, at the visits of in inspection, useful information as to the eight hours' em •ployment of the children in the factory, which may be either together or separately, at any time between half past five in the morning and half-past eight in the even ing —that is, within a space of fifteen hours. By the 21st clause it is also enacted that absence from school rnaq be allowed b:' an inspector, or by a :justice of the peace in the absence of the inspector. We think it desirable that this should be left out. To ,be of any real use, the license should be granted before !the child can legally absent himself, and, for many obvi ous reasons, the regular observance of such a rule is •impracticable. We are of opinion that it will be suffi cient to enact that the child must attend school, unless prevented by sickness or accident, or other unavoidable cense, or unless on account of a holyday. As the law now stands, if a child do not on a fixed day of every week produce a certificate of his having attended a school for two hours at least for six out of seven days of the week next preceding, his master must discharge him. As this is very often productive of in convenience to his master, and is in truth punishing him for the fault of the child, we think it only reasonable that he should have two weeks to look out for a substi tute before being obliged to dismiss the offender, and that if the parent of the child is punished by a small fine, and the fault is not repeated, the child should not lose his situation. We recommend, therefore, that it should be lawful for the occupier of a factory to employ a nhild without aschool certificate during any time not being tnoite than two weeks together, on requiring from such child payment of the penalty of 6d. for each week dur jag which such child shall be employed without having _attended school, a$ required by the Act ; and that the oeetipier shall deduct the penalty from the wages next / due to the child, besides the sum allowed to be de for Payment of the s c hooling, and shall pay the un:_t. of the penalty in the manner provided for the pay m en t of other penalties Luse 22d, which , waenacts that, where scnools are 4ing, the i nspector is auth or i se d t o es t a bli s h them, has b een wholl inoperati ve ; b ecause not hi ng i s sa id i n any previous orci sub sequent y re part o f th e A ct f rom w h ence the money required establish th e sc h oo l i s to come ; and clause 23d presupposes the p rece di ng clause to have been carried into e We venture farther to suggest, " that wherever it shall appear to any inspector that a new or additional school is necessary or desirable, to enable the children employed in any factory to obtaiu the education re quired by this Act," it shall be lawful for :he Lords Commissioners of her Majesty's Treasury to appropriate such sum as may appear to them necessary fo: the building, enlarging, or otherwise establishing such schools out of any money which may have been granted by Parlinnent for promoting education, under such se curities for the public kterest, and under such restric tions as their Lordships may consider the circumstances of the case to require. (Signed) LEONARD HORNER. T. JONES HOWELL. ROBERT J. SAUNDERS. JAS. STUART. EXPERIMEN TS ON CANINE MADNESS-CURE. (From the Norllngham Review.) The readers of the Review will recollect, that in the late melancholy and fatal case of hydrophobia, in this town, Mr. Waterton, of Walton Hall, near Wakefield, the celebrated naturalist, and author of " Wanderings in South America," was sent for, to try the effects of the wourali poison upon poor Phelps, and that unhap pily, although that gentleman came here instanter, he did not arrive until after the death of the sufferer. We may be allowed to remark, that on no disease does there exist more popular errors than on hydro phobia, or, as it is commonly called, madness, a term which conveys no correct idea of the malady ; for when dogs are rabid, it does not follow that. they are wild and furious : in fact, there are but few instances where there is a complete alienation of the mind ; on the con trary, the mental faculties will continue undisturbed— the dogs continue to know the voice of their master, and to be obedient to the last moments of their exist ence. We may also remark, that the term hydrophobia is an improper term as applied to dogs, for they will continue to lap water to the very last. Mr. Sewell, the eminent veterinarian, having suc ceeded in arresting the horrible spasms which take place in locked jaw, and those spasms bearing a strong resemblance to the convulsions which attend hydro phobia, it has been considered that the wourali might be a specific for the latter disease : it was determined upon sending for Mr. Waterton, to give it a trial in in the afflicting case we have already mentioned. Monday last was appointed for the purpose of making experiments in the Medical School. Before describing the experiments, it may be as well to state, that Mr. Waterton describes the wourali to be made by the Macoashi Indians from a vine called wourali, several unknown vegetables, two species of ants, Indian pepper, and the pounded fangs of two spe cies of venomous snakes. The poison is prepared by boiling, and an ox wounded with arrows dipped in it died in 25 minutes. For the first experiment a large dog was chosen. To prove the certainty of the action of the poison to destroy life, an incision was made in the side of the dog, and a spear-head, covered with the poison, inserted into the wound ; this was left in the side, in order that the poison might be absorbed into the system. In about a quarter of an hour, the circulatory system was much increased—the pulse rising to 130 in the minute, and the action of the heart being irregular ; the creature was unable to stand at 36 minutes after the insertion of the poison, convulsive twitchings of the whole body were evident, and the pulse continued irregular up to the time of its depth ; at 52 minutes it ceased to breathe, but the heart continued its action : in a few minutes after the chest was opened, and the heart irritated with the end of a scalpel, but in a short time the irritability ceased. The second experiment was then entered upon, and an ass was chosen for it. It was intended, in this ex periment, to use artificial respiration during the whole of the time that the animal continued under the in fluence of the poison, so that when its power bad ceased, the creature would resume its natural respiration, and the artificial means be discontinued—thus enabling it to survive the powerful effect of this most deadly poison. The arrow-head, covered with the poison, was inserted into the lower part of the neck of the ass, a few minutes after nine : in about a quarter of an hour the heart began to beat irregularly, the respirations were about 15 in the minute, the pulse was accelerated, and the pupils of the eyes were dilated ; in half an hour the breathing became difficult and irregular, and the pulse had risen to 104,—at this moment the creature fell, as if dead, perfectly motionless, and the pulse could not be felt : an opening was immediately made into the wind-pipe, and the apparatus which had been prepared for the purpose of carrying on artificial respiration was applied, and put in action—this consisted of a tube, which was introduced into the opening of the (trachea) wind-pipe, and a pair of bellows, which were attached to this tube—the lungs were then inflated, and after wards emptied by pressure on the body—this action being kept on regularly and steadily, supplied the place of the natural respiration ; this process was persevered in for seven hours and a-half, at which time the animal commenced breathing by its own efforts ; during tliftv time, but little change occurred in the animal—it lay motionless, and apparently lifeless, its extremities were to a certain extent cold, the respiration had ceased, and the heart beat very feebly. From the time of anima tion returning, the animal has been gradually improving, and has eaten plentifully of hay, &c., but a degree of paralysis of the limbs exists, from the application of I strychinne, which was used with the view of restoring it earlier from its state of temporary death, by inducing a degree of spasm. In the course of the night, the tube was removed from the wind-pipe, and a quantity of mucus escaped from the wound, followed by a little coagulated blood ; the wound was then closed, and res piration went on by the natural openings. The third experiment was commenced on Tuesday morning. The ass chosen was younger and in better condition than the previous one. The poison was in serted in a similar manner, but only a fourth part of the quantity was used. The ass for some time suffered but little, and continued to eat hay. The effect was evi dent in 34 minutes (four minutes more than in the pre vious experiment), when the animal fell, senseless and motionless : artificial respiration was carried on for two hours, at which time natural respiration commenced : the ass was so far recovered at the end of six hours as to get up and stand by itself. This experiment may then be looked upon as more satisfactory than the previous one—and it shows Low very much sooner the animal may be restored after having a smaller dose of the poison administered, and that its effect is much more transitory. The advantage derived from these experiments on the lower animals, is the hope that this agent may be applied, and prove to be successful, in the cure of hy drophobia—a malady which, up to the present time, has defied all treatment : if it is brought to bear, its action appears to be to suspend animation, and so far exhaust the powers of the body, as to turn out, or destroy the hydrophobic poison. During the afternoon of Monday, to prove the viru lence of the wourali poison to a medical gentleman who had been prevented from witnessing the experi ments, Mr. Waterton inserted a dart near the shoulder of a small spaniel ; in about 71 minutes the poison be gan to take effect, and in 9 minutes pulsation ceased. Betwee❑ the hours of four and five on Tuesday after noon the second ass was so much recovered as to be able to carry Mr. Waterton round the room. Hot mashes have been given to the ass upon which the first experiment was tried, and on our visiting him and his companion yesterday afternoon, we found that he was" tiot able to rand and lie looked very ill ; the younger ass, which was experimented upon on Tuesday, was very lively and eating hay, but having a strong aversion to our approaching his head, which if we at tempted lie turned it away, and threatened us with a salute from his heels ; we know that. this is a common practice with the assinine breed, but until the experi ment had been tried upon this animal, this was a vice which we are assured he did not possess. POISONING OF MR. FOLJAMBE'S HOUNDS. (From the Doncaster Chronicle.) We are sorry to learn that the valuable pack of fox-hounds, the property of the above gentleman, have partaken of poison, and that five of them, including a bitch which he would not have taken 100 guineas for, died on Wednesday in consequence. We have been favoured with the following particulars by a g:ntleman who was present:—lt appears that the hounds threw off on Wednesday morning at Rossington Grange, and shortly afterwards a couple of faxes went bounding forth, one of them, which was followed, taking the direction of Sandall-beat, but Reynard soon doubled, and was making rapid strides for Swinnow Wood, near Bawtry, closely pursued by the pack and a tolerable field of horsemen. On reaching a close, about halls mile from the latter place, one of the dogs was suddenly seized with the staggers, and after rolling upon the ground and foaming at the mouth for about twenty minutes, the animal expired in the greatest agony. Three or four fields further two others were attacked in a similar way, and they died also, as did two others subsequently. The whole of the field and the dogs were now pulled up, and Dr. Flower, of Maltby, being fortunately pre sent, the dogs were bled, and salt and water and castor oil (rode for by Lord Galway) administered to them, when it was discovered they had partaken of arsenic enclosed in rabbit's en trail=. The most favourable construction to be put upon this dastardly act is, that the poison had been placed in the woods, through which the dogs passed, to destroy the foxes ; but what ever may have been the motive, the act was highly reprehen. sible, and merits severe punishment. On this subject we have received the following letter from Mr. Foljambe " TO THE EDITOR OF TIIE DONCASTER CHILOHICLE. " order to prevent misstatements from being cir culated, and as by giving the fullest publicity to the unfortu nate catastrophe which occurred to my hounds this day, an opportunity will be afforded to the individual who may have been the unintentional cause of the accident (for accident I am willing to believe it to be) to declare himself, and thereby rescue the characters of those who might otherwise naturally be liable to imp u t a ti on , th e f ac t s are b r i e fly the s e, viz.:—five hounds were sezed with convulsions in the field, four of which shortly died on the spot, the fifth is still alive, and hopes are entertained of his re cover y ; a s i x th, h owever , was seized with convulsions on the road home, and died on reaching the kennels. The surgeons who opened the bodies have pronounced it as their decided opinion, that arsenic was amongst the contents of their stomachs. " I remain, Sir, your obedient Servant. " GEO. SAVILE FOLJAMBE. 6 , Osborton, April 10, 1839." The Medical practitioners of Edinburgh and Leith, have held a meeting to con s id er h ow t h ey can avo id vending drugs and medicines on the Sabbath. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 22, 1839 MEETING o.e THE MEMBERS O} THE MANCHESTER CHAMBER OF COM MERCE-PENNY POSTAGE. MANCHESTER, THURSDAY EVENING. This morning a Spec General Meeting of the Mem bers of the Manehest( r Chamber of Commerce and Manufactures, was held in the apartments of the Chamber for the purpose of considering the propriety of petitioning Parliament to adopt an uniform rate of post age as recommended by Mr. Rowland Hill. J. B. SMITH, Esq., President of the Chamber, took the Chair, and in opening the business of the meeting said that the Directors of the Chamber had felt it their duty to call the meeting on account of the great interest which the question of the Penny-postage was creating is the public mind. Mr. Alderman COBDEN, in moving that a petition in favour of Mr. Rowland Hill's plan of penny postage be adopted for presentation to Parliament, said that when the Chamber last year sent up a petition for a similar purpose, they sent up at the same time some valuable information respecting the effects of the high rates of postage. Since that time a most excellent Report bad been presented to the House of Commons, drawn up, as was believed, by Mr. Warburton, and this report contained a recommendation that an uniform penny postage should be adopted ; but that as soon as pos sible a twopenny rate should be adopted in order to avoid any loss to the revenue which might pos sibly result from the adoption of Mr. Rowland Hill's plan. If there were a twopenny rate of of postage, he (Mr. Alderman Cobden) felt quite confident that the loss would be much greater than if the sum of one penny each were charged for the trans mission of all letters. There had been, he believed, since the Chamber had met, a greater progress in the public mind on this question than there had ever been known upon any important Reform that had been brought forward. 'So far as the Newspaper Press were concerned, all parties were advocating it, and he be lieved he was correct in saying that there was scarcely an individual of any weight who was opposed to it. He did, however, remember one individual whom he was sorry to find amongst their opponents—that was Mr. Maccul loch. Mr. Macculloch in his Supplement tohis Dictionary, said " at, present a letter-carrier receives a number of let ters, the postage of which amounts to a certain sum, and he must either bring back that sum, or a portion of it, and undelivered letters, making up the deficiency. But if he has merely to deliver paid letters, it is difficult to see what security can be bad for the careful performance of his duty." Here Mr. Macculloch took for granted the impossibility of finding men of moral probity and common honesty to take the office of letter-carriers. He (Mr. Cobden) thought the assumption altogether unfounded, and quite inconsistent with the real cha racter of the people of this country ; for he would ask, if such were the case, where would be the chance of conducting the ordinary business of life, for if men would not do their business without having spies set upon their actions, how could business be possibly con ducted ? After refuting some further arguments of Mr. Macculloch, Mr. Cobden moved—That a petition be presented to Parliament, praying for the adoption of an uniform rate of Penny-postage. Mr. Alderman KERSHAW, seconded the motion in a very able speech. Mr. THOMAS BOOTHMAN, jun., the Secretary to the Chamber, read a petition, embodying the sentiments of the Meeting. _ _ Mr. JAMES FERNARY moved the adoption of the petition. Mr. J. G. FROST seconded the motion. Mr. T. H. WILLIAMS supported the motion. Mr. Alderman CALLENDER thought there ought to be a public town meeting called in Manchester to peti tion for the removal of this tax on conversation. It was then ordered that the petition be sent to Mark Phillips, Esq., M.P., for presentation, and that Mr. Poulett Thomson, and :the other Members within the county, be requested to support the same. Thanks having been voted to the Chairman; the pro ceedings terminated. MR. ROWLAND HILL'S PLAN OF PENNY POSTAGE. MANCHESTER, APRIL 18.—At the meeting of the Manchester Town-Council, yesterday, after the trans action of other business, Mr. Alderman Tootal brought forward a motion of which he had given notice, that a petition to the House of Commons be adopted by the Council, praying for the plan of Rowland Hill's univer sal penny postage. He quoted the opinions of Lord Lowther, Sir Edward Lees, Sir Henry Parnell, and others, in support of Mr. R. Hill's plans. Mr Alderman CO➢DEN seconded the motion. Mr. Alderman Brooks, Mr. Prentice, Mr. J. May Mr. Alderman Kershaw, Mr. S. Stocks, and other gentlemen afterwards addressed the Council, after which a petition to Parliament was adopted. OPIUM TRADE. The intelligence of the severe measures adopted at Can- I ton against the opium trade has creaked a great panic at Bombay. Contractors for purchase are paying heavy forfeits to be released from their engagements, even to the extent of 400 rupees a chest. A terrible shock will no doubt be given to this valuable trade if the Chinese authorities persevere in their present rigo. rous efforts at expelling it from their chief port, and that they will do so there seems every probability. It may, we think, be reasonably inferred that the Imperial Court is not unaware of the difficulties that at this mo ment are besetting the British Indian Government, and, therefore, deems the time arrived for making a resolute push to realize its long cherished views against the traffic in opium. The Chinese will conceive that we are scarce able now to put forth might to overrule the right they un questionably have on their side, in repressing what is a direct infringement of the laws of their country. It is impossible to view with complacency at this critical season any measure which may tend to imperil an extensive source of our revenue ; but, viewed apart from that consi deration, we should only find reason to rejoice that the re. moval of the slur, which this opium smuggling trade has always been upon our Government and our com merce, is likely to be now accomplished. The Chinese require, and no demand can be fairer or more legiti mate, that a pledge shall be given by every foreigner at Canton that he will be neither directly nor indirectly concerned in any ship entering the river before that town, which is, in plain words, engaged in a contraband trade. Conformity to this is to be their privilege of residence. The notorious fact is before the Chinese that foreigners have been engaged in the traffic, and therefore while the demand is justified on this ground, concession to it is a mere nominal act on the part of him whose commercial pursuits are alone of a legitimate character. The effect, supposing this course of proceeding resolutely followed up, will then be that the two branches of trade, the fair and lawful and the contraband, will have a broad distinction drawn between them. Canton will form the great commercial mart, where the sale of British manu factures and of our Indian staples, whose import is authorized by the laws, and regulated by established rules, and the provision of the immense supplies of teas and silk reqnired for the home markets, will be carried on free from all those vexatious interrup tions and opportunities of fraudulent exaction for which opium has always presented the fertile excuse. It would at the same time be idle to expect, however phi lanthropists might desire it, that opium smuggling will then disappear from the country. Cupidity will always ensure the supply of the drug, habit will always keep a demand alive for its consumption ; but it would become thrown into another quarter. The wide extent of the Eastern coast would be made the theatre of its operation, and, if its moral evil to the Chinese were scarcely more limited than previously, it would at least take the proper features of its character, a real smuggling trade, and no longer form a part of that commerce of Great Britain, which is prosecuted under the sanction given by the pre. sence of ber own officially appointed Superintendents.— 'Bornbag Gazette. SIR ROBERT PEEL A FREE TRADER.— When, in 1824, Lord Liverpool's Cabinet brought for ward their celebrated free trade measures, taking away from our manufacturers the monopoly of the home market, by throwing open our ports to French and other fabrics, and when the silk manufacturers petitioned to be heard at the bar of Parliament against the proposed changes, Mr. Secretary Peel, in defending the Government policy, took occasion to denounce the manufacturers as interested and selfish parties. When, in 1839, the same manufacturers petitioned Parliament to be heard at the bar, in order to prove the necessity of applying the same principles of free trade to corn and provisions, Sir Robert Peel not only de.. nounced them as interested parties, but charged them with falsehood, deception, and even with attempts to in ' cite the people to physical force! In 1824 be defended the principles of free trade, to enable the peeresses to visit Almack's and the drawing-rooms, in the cheap silks and laces of Paris or Brussels. In 1829, he denounced the self-same principles, when they were advocated merely to give access to the corn and provisions of Russia and Poland to the mechanics and labourers of England. However irreconcilable in other respects may be the advo cacy of such opposite principles of commercial policy, the Right lion. Baro ne t' s bi o grapher will have no diffi culty in pro v in g hi s cons i stency as the supporter of the aristocracy against the people. —Anti- Core- law Circular. SUICIDE FROM PHYACAL PAlN.—Saturday afternoon an inquest was held at the Sun Tavern, Heddon. street, Regent-street, before Mr. Higgs, on the body of Francis Crawshaw, aged 48 years. Mrs. Elizabeth Wash ington, of 15, Ileddon-street, widow, stated that the de ceased had lodged in her house for the last seven years ; he was a widower, and had lived for the last 00 years with Mr. James Cutler, of 22, Sackville-street, Piccadilly, surgeon. On Thursday afternoon, about five o'clock, lie came home ill and went to bed ; he was in great agony from a rheu. matic affection which seemed to affect his mind—ho was of sober habits. He went out at six o'clock on Friday morn ing, and witness did not see him again alive. Witness be lieved that the pain he was suffering rendered him incapa ble of knowing what lie was doing. William Holloway was acquainted with the deceased. About seven o'clock on Fri day morning, witness going into the stable saw him hang ing from a joist in the opening from the stable to the loft, by a halter round his neck ; he had thrown himself off the ladder that led from the stable to the loft, and must have had a fall of at least 4 feet. Verdict—Temporary insanity. VIOLENT DEATHS IN LIVERPOOL.-010 of 348 violent deaths in the borough of Liverpool, in 1838, there were 62 cases of deaths from burning, of which not fewer than 57 were children ; 11 deaths from scalding, 50 from drowning, 12 run over in the streets, 6 from excessive drinking : 68 apoplexy and natural causes, and new-born infants found dead, 31. SHIPPING INTELLIGENCE. (LLOYD'S.) NINGAFORE, JAN. 13.—The Zephyr (whaler), late Abbot, put into Amboyna about the middle of September, the crew being in a state of mutiny. The captain had been killed about a month before, and the crew refused to act under the chief officer, who quitted the vessel in the Dutch ship, Margaret, bound to Batavia ; the Zephyr was to follow. VESSELS SPOKEN \MIL —The Pink, Bonny, to Liver pool, sth ult , lat. 1. S., long, 20. W. ; Mary Somerville, Liverpool to Calcutta, 12th, lat. 2. N., long. 22. W. ; Wanderer, Calcutta to Liverpool, 13th, lat. 23. ; Ludlow, Mauritius to London, same day, by the Delhi, Byron, ar rived off Hastings, which vessel experienced a very heavy gale, sth inst., Ist. 39., long 34.: Amelia, from Liver pool, 13th inst., by the Peru, Fennings, arrived at Fal mouth ; African, Free, London to Cape Mount, 19th ult , lat. 7., long. IS. ; Ocean, Slattery, Waterford to Que bec, 13th inst., lat. 49 , long. 22., by H. M. S. Pelican, arrived at Portsmouth ; Patriot, Nichols, from Constanti nople, 23d ult., off Malaga; Zephyr, Messina to Glasgow, 24th ult., by the Sultana, arrived at Portsmouth ; Mary, Liverpool to New Orleans, lat. 28., long. 45., by the David, arrived at Cork ; William, of Whitby, 12th inst., lat. 51., long. 13., by the Medora, arrived at Cork ; Gene ral Palmer, Down, Canton to London, lat. 11. N., lung. 12. W. ; Justina, Bentley, London to Calcutta, lat. 1. N., long. IS. W. ; H. M.S. Electra, bound to Rio Janeiro : Iris, Ceylon to London, and Sybilla, Maurititus to Lon don, lat. 28 , long. 29. ; Tweed, Ross, Guttenburg to Cape of Good Hope, lat. 2. N., long. 20. W., by the Malabar, Pollock, arrived in the Downs; William Parker, Sewell, Rio Janeiro to the M aur i t i us ; Mobile, Ogilby, London to the Mauritius, eastward of the Cape of Good Hope. FROM THE LONDON GAZETTE. CERTIFICATES —Mar 10. C. Stovin, coach proprietor, Birmingham —C. Odlin, Jun., mercer, Stamford—J. Ray, builder St. Dunstan's Hill, City --W. Pining, common brewer, Little Bolton, Lancashire— W. Sweeting, linen draper, Fore-street, Cripplegate—J. Bris terve, ship broker. Poole—C. Sarill, grocer, Romford—J. Money, builder, Shaw-cum-Donnington, Berkshire—J. Red dall, carpenter, Buithill-row—T. Barnett, Jun., ironmonger, Wolverhampton. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. N. Hailes and H. G. Collins—F. Green and J. D.Durham, paper stainer, Sutton-street, Clerkenwell—J. Brown and J. Dodman, rod merchants, City—R. Bacon, jun. and J. Bosely, tile makers, Caversham, Oxford—E. A. Knowles and J. Knowles, worsted spinners, Grinton, Yorkshire—J. Hill and H. Mullen, lace manufacturers, Nottingham—ll. Miller and J. T. Slugg, soda-water manufacturers, Manchester—W. Charles, J. Charles, W, A. Charles, and H. Travis, steel rollers, Sheffield (so far as regards H. Travis)—T. Greig and J. Brown, carpenter, Holloway—T. and M. Sykes, tarpauling manufacturers, Halifax—W. Allen and A. Nicklin, brush manufacturers, Walsall, Staffordshire—R. Walkington and R. Carr, cheesemongers, High-street, Bloomsbury—J. Field, W. Field, and 'l7. E. Field, drapers, Wallingford, Berkshire (so far as regards W. Field)—L. Friedmann and A. Mode, im porters of cigars, Cannon-place, Mile-end-road—F. da Gama, A. A. de Macedo, and J. R. Franco, merchants, Leeds. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATION. GEORGE SMALL, musical instrument maker, Edinburgh, April 22, and May 7, at twelve, at the Old Signet Hall, Royal Exchange, Edinburgh. soners Moss came to the wharf, and presented the letter now produced, with an order in the hand-writing of Casper, jun., at the bottom, and be accordingly de livered the boxes upon it. Moss at the same time writing across it. " Received the above, for J. Hy D., for Marsh, Esq." The prisoner Moss came to the wharf about half an hour after Casper, jun. had been there. Other evidence was adduced, after which the prisoners were re manded until Tuesday week, and they were removed from the bar, LAW INTELLIGENCE. BAIL COURT, APRIL 20. GRADT V. SUDDEN. This was an action of assumpsit upon an I 0 U for 91. 10s. 2d. The plaintiff followed the occupation of head-waiter at a tavern in Adaaa-street, Adelphi, known as the Adelphi Shades, a place of public entertainment, considerably frequented by persons coming from the theatres ; and the defendant was a gentleman of property, residing in Crawford-street. About twelve o'clock on the night of the 29th of November, the defendant, who before that had occasionally visited " the Shades," and was, therefore, known to the waiters, went into the r oom o f entertainment with a female companion, whom he had met at the door. Before long he collected a party of friends around him, consisting of three other gentlemen, and a somewhat larger number, viz., five, of the fair sex. The party supped together. The defendant was in a liberal and jovial mood ; and the carouse, which was begun with port and sherry, was continued with champagne, and con cluded with punch. It appeared, from the testimony of the plaintiff's witnesses, that the defendant " treated every one that went past him." By the practice adopted at this house, the waiters are obliged to pay at once for whatever refreshment they receive at the bar, and accordingly, on this occasion, the plaintiff did pay the land. bid of the house for all the wine which the defendant ordered. The festivities continued until at length the waiter refused to su pply t h e d e fe n dant with any f ur th er quantity, unless he gave his name and address, whereupon the defendant called for pen, ink, and paper, and having direc ted the plaintiff to write the body of the acknowledgment, wrote at the bottom his name and address; and when, for some reason, a second paper to the same effect was writ ten, the defendant signed that also. The defendant had pleaded in answer to the action that he had been induced to sign this I 0 U by fraud, cunning, and misrepresen tation. The Jury found a verdict for the plaintiff—Damages 9/. 10s. 2d. 'POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HO USE. An old man, named John Mick'aril, who had been once in flourishing circumstances as a shopkeeper in Fleet street, but whose condition has been most miserably re versed, complained to the Lord. Mayor, that though the parish officers of the place in which he had a claim were aware of the contrast between his past and his present state, they took advantage of the power which the New Poor-law gave them, and refused him the least relief, un less lie introduced his wife and family into the workhouse. The Loan llavort—l should wish to hear the particu lars of the complaint. Mr. Micklain said that nothing but absolute necessity could prompt him to make the application ; he had been a tobacco and snuff manufacturer at No. 141, Drury-lane, and at No. 12, Fleet-street, upwards of forty years. The LORD MAYOR asked him how it happened that he dropped down into such miser) if he conducted himself in a reputable manner. Mr. Micklarn said that several matters combined to crush him ; he had, at the time that a serious reduction took place in the price of tobacco, a heavy stock of that article, say 111,0001b5., the loss on which was, at 2s. 31d. per lb., 16,3751. He had a large country trade, and about the same time that the fall took place in the tobacco as many as 8$ of his customers took the benefit of the Insolvent Debtors' Act, or became bankrupt, to the amount of about 4,000/. in his debt. He had phased his eldest son in a tobacco plantation in Virginia, by whose misfortunes in business he was injured to the extent of 3,0001., and being unable to meet such an accumulation of losses, which be came daily more aggravated, he was unable to pay the rent of the house in Fleet -street. An execution was made upon his goods for the sum of 95/., to meet which he sold for 91. a tobacco-engine, which cost him 110/., and for 5/., presses which cost him 50/., and every other article in pro portion. Having lost all his property, and having no re source but the parish, he applied to the parochial authori ties of St. Dunstan's for relief, but was told by them that they could do :nothirg for him, except he chose to go into the workhouse with his wife and three small children. For two and three days together they had not what ought to be called a mouthful of bread, and for six months they had not had a bed to lie on. The LORD MAYOR observed that the story of the appli_ cant was certainly deplorable if the circumstances of it were as they had been described. Mr. Micklam assured his Lordship that he bad struggled as hard as he could against the tide of misfortune, and now. in the 72d year of his age, he was anxious to get a living for himself and his family without appealing to parochial bounty, but he had no friend who was able to assist him. He belonged to the Pattenmakers' Company, and he re sided at No. 12, Sidney-street, Commercial-road. Tho Loins MAYOR said, that in all probability the state ment would meet the eye of some person who would ie_ quire into the facts of the case, which, if found to be such as bad been stated, was certainly calculated to excite sym pathy. The unfortunate old man expressed Isis thanks to the Lord Mayor for haying kindly and compassionately lis tened to his little history, and mentioned that his losses al together amounted to upwards of 25,375/. LAMBETII-STREET. THE GOLD DUST ROBBERY.—Shortly after one o'clock the prisoners, namely, Henry Sulonians, Solomon Bees, Lewin Casper, Ellis Casper, Sarah Levq, Henry Moss, and A me li a Mess, were placed at the bar be fore - Messrs. Hardwick and Combo, and Messrs. Halswell, Burnell, Wood, and several other county Ma. gistrates, for further examination. On the prisoners being placed at the bar, a scene took place which is almost inde scribable. The prisoners, since their apprehension, hav e been kept apart, and it was doubtful whether it had been made known to the Caspers that Moss had been in custody. Moss was the first person placed within the bar, and the next led in from the strong room was the senior Casper, who, as well as his son, seems to have suffered much since his apprehension. On catching a glimpse of Moss he was about to drop in the dock at the shoc k at beholding him, wh en his son, who seemed very little better, caught him in his arms, and supported him. Solomons, Rces, and the two females, were next led in, and the suspicion and dis trust with which each glanced at one another was most marked and significant. Mr. William Came, of the irm of Carne and Clifton, merchants at Falmouth, who was examined by Mr. Clark. son, stated that, on the 18th of March, two boxes of gold dust, consigned to his and his partner's house, were landed at Falmouth from her Majesty's packet the Seagull, and were marked B and C Nos. 18 and 19, on the bill of lading. These boxes were shipped by his house on board the City of Limerick Dublin steamer, to be forwarded to Mr. James Hartley and Co., its owners, of John-street, Crutched-friars, a firm to which they were frequently in the habit of forwarding goods to be sent to the Bank of England. The manifest now produced to witness had been proved in due course by the General Post on the 231, the day upon which the boxes were shipped on board the City of Limerick, to be forwarded to Mr. James Hartley and Co. The manifest and bill of lading directed that the boxes be delis ered at the Bullion Office, in the Bank of England, and no letters had been sent from the house to the firm of Mr. Hartley, between the day upon which the bill of lading had been sent and the 25th, and the two letters produced were forgeries. It appeared by the manifest that the boxes contained gold dust to the amount of 4,6401., and the freight payable thereon was 61. 3s. 3d. Mr. Edw ar d Bristow, wharf clerk to Mr. Hartley, stated that on the forenoon of the day before-mentioned, ab out 1 half-past ten of the forenoon, Casper came to the counting house at the wharf, and taking off his hat, flung the letter now produced on the desk, saying at the same time that he had given a gentleman, who produced a similar letter, an order for the delivery of the boxes 13 and C, and Nos. le and 19. About twelve o'clock on the same day the pri- DUTCH AND FLANDERS MAIL. BRUSSELS, APRIL I S. —The King arrived yesterday even ing at Laeken, from his seat at Ardennes. Aram 19.—The Espoir says, that according to infor mation which it has received from good authority, M. de Seckendorff will not return to Brussels, and that he is at tached to the Prussian Legation at Paris. M. Barcel, one of the chief clerks in the department of public works, set out for Antwerp the day before yesterday, at eleven in the morning, with the answer which M. Nothomb has asked for. When M. Barcel arrived at Antwerp, the steam boat Antwerp was on the point of starting for London, so that the despatches for the Minister of Public Works have by this time reached their destination. The Commerce Beige says--." We have the satisfaction to announce that our Government has just concluded a commercial treaty with Spain. It was negociated at Madrid by M. Lalaing, who has brought it to Brussels to submit it to the Government. His Majesty the King was expected to sign the copies. M. Lalaing has been visited at Brussels by many holders of Spanish Stock, who expressed their gratitude for his endeavours to serve them. M. Lalaing asked for information, which was given him, respecting the amount and the origin of their claims. Encouraged by the kind ness of M. Lalaing, they have also applied to two Minis ters, in order to obtain the support of the Government. A promiEe has been nsade them that their just claims shall be made the subject of special instructions. The King having expressed his wish that a Roman Catholic Church should be built in the Place de la Reine, the Government has just resolved to give 200,000 francs for this edifice. M. Says, architect, has made a design for a modern church. A steam-engine of extraordinary power has arrived at Antwerp on board the English brig Thomas and Martha, which is to be employed in conveying goods on the iron railroads. We are informed that this engine is to serve as a model for those which are to be built here for the same purpose. VIENNA, APRIL 11.—Don Zea Bermudez left Vienna yesterday. Another visit did not bring him any nearer to the attainment of his object. His Majesty has fixed the opening of the Hungarian Diet for the 2d of June. The letters of convention are said to be in the press. His Majesty will go to Presburg to be present at the opening of the Diet. It is also said that Prince Metternich will accompany him, but that his Highness will first visit his fine estate of Johannisberg, on the Rhine, to introduce the Princess his consort. The supposition that several Ger man statesmen will be at Johannisberg to hold con ferences with the Prince requires confirmation. We are positively assured that the Emperor has con ferred the dignity of Count on Baron George Von Sins, who is equally celebrated for his wealth and the noble use which he makes of it. AMSTERDAM, APRIL 11.—His Imperial Highness the Russian Crown Prince, accompanied by our Princes, will go to Tilburg on Monday. His departure for London is deferred for the present. We arc positively informed that it was confidently expected at London, that in consequence of instructions received from Brussels by the Belgian Ple nipotentiary, the treaty of peace would be signed yesterday or to-day. MAESTRICHT, APRIL 15.—Notwithstanding the delay of the Belgian Government to sign the definitive treaty, we are in good hopes and flatter ourselves that it will be speedily effected. Among other communications that confirm this hope is the removal of the Postmaster at Vcnloo to Turnhout, and of some persons holding judicial employments at Reremonde to Mechelen, Tongres, and Hassell, without any appointments having been made by Belgium to fill up the vacancies there occasioned on the right bank of the Meese, which is to be restored to the kingdom of the Netherlands, while several other persons iu office are preparing to remove shortly, and many inhabitants of Maestricht, who left the town in 1830 and 1531, among worn are some who took more or less part in the affairs of Belgium, have intimated their intention of returning to their houses. May we not be disappointed in our expecta tions. AMSTERDAM, APRIL 18.—After the departure yesterday evening and last night of several carriages of the suite of the Princes, the Russian Grand-Duke and our Princes left this city at half-past ten o'clock. The Princess of Orange, with her physician and suite, are still here. His Imperial Highness, besides ♦aluable presents to several persons, has left considerable sums to the poor, among which are 4,000 florins for the poor of this city, 1,500 for those at Zaandam, and likewise 300 florins for the keeper of the house of Peter the Great. TIIE HAGUE, APRIL 18.—The Russian Grand-Duke has returned to-day from Amsterdam, having, by the way, visited Leyden. We hear that Count Van der Duyn Maasdam will set out to-morrow for Stuttgard, where, it is said, he will stay five days. This journey relates to the marriage of the Prince of Orange, which is to take place next June. DANTZIC, APRIL 9.—The following are some particulars of the damage done by the rupture of the dykes of the Nogat The country inundated is between the Nogat and the Vistula, and is nearly 200 square miles in extent, with 30,000 inhabitants, or 213 villages and a town. The damage will be ♦ery great, for even if the water should speedily run off, by the Nogat being freed from ice, yet it will be years before the land can be completely drained, since it is below the level of the river, and in ordinary times 150 mills are constantly employed to draw off the water. KONIGSBERG, APRIL B.—We have just learned that all the persons who were in danger of perishing by the inundation of the Vistula have been saved.--Journal de FranlEfort, April 17. CORONERS INQUEST. SUPPOSED INFANTCIDE.—CONCEALMENT OF THE BiltTll.—On Saturday an inquest was held at the Nelson's Arms, Public House, in the village of Merton, Surrey, before Mr. Wm. Carter, Coroner for the county, on the body of an infant child, name and even sex unknown, which was found in the river Wandle, in that parish. The jury after a patient investigation, returned the verdict, "that the infant was found dead, but that from the decomposed state of the body, they could have no positive evidence that it was born alive, or of what sex it was ; that Anne Archer a single woman, was the mother of the said child, and that she was guilty of concealing the birth of the same." It appears from the evidence, that the young woman had preserved the body in her Lox till it was in a state of complete decomposi tion, and the❑ threw it in the river. The unfortunate young woman was ordered to be taken before the Ma gistrates for the purpose of further inquiry. USE OF THE WALNUT TREE.—Walnuts yield half their own weight in oil, whose flavour is con sidered equal to that of the finest Lucca oil. This very fruitful tree, which we see flourishing along the high road, and in the orchards of the peasants, is one of great utility to the German ; his furniture is made from it, the leaves dye a good black, and he feeds his cattic with/ the shells of the nuts that have supplied his oil.— Germany and the Germans. WIGTON.—The small-pox is very prevalent in this town and neighbourhood.—Carlisle Patriot. MADEMOISELLE MARS.—It was rumoured that this celebrated comic actress intended to avail herself of the success of M. Dumas's new drama, Mademoiselle de lielleisle," to retire from the stage, after commanding public admiration for forty-seven years. Such is not the case. She is about to subscribe a new engagement with the Theatre Francais, whereby, for five years more, she is to perform exclusively and without competition in every character she pleases, whether young or old, and in every description of dramatic pieces. Mademoiselle Mars per formed thirty years ago in the farewell benefit of the great actress, Mademoiselle Contat ; and last week, dressed in the most elegant manner, and wearing her most splendid diamonds, she enacted the part of Celimene, in Moliere's " Misanthrope," for the farewell benefit of the tragedian, Lafont, who had been thirty years on the same stage. A burst of applause was elicited from the audience when she uttered to Arsinoe the lines— " L'age amencra tout et ce n'est pas le temps Madame, comme on sail, d'etre prude a vingt ans." EXTRAORDINARY CURE OF OSSIFICATION. —Some time ago, a grey mare, the property of Mr. Ains- worth, of Brindley, had her right knee io extensively ossi fied and enlarged as to render the joint and limb quite stiff and useless, which had the effect of making her go upon three legs only, and rendered her entirely incapable of doing any work. Latterly, however, by the assistance of a veterinary surgeon, the bony deposit and enlargement has been removed, and the joint made quite free, trhici makes her now quite fit for service. The case was of two years' standing.—Preston Observer. EXPLOSION OF A STEAM-BOAT'S BOILERS AT LIVERPOOL—LIVERPOOL, SATURDAY EVENING. —Con siderable alarm was excited in the neighbourhood of the George's Pier this evening, at five o'clock, by the sudden explosion of the boilers of her Majesty's steamer Urgent, just as she was on the point of sailing with the mail and passengers for Dublin. The mail bags bad just been put on board the vessel, which was lying off St. George's Pier, and the passengers being on beard, the bell was ring ing as the signal of departure at the moment of the ex plosion. Very fortunately the most dense portion of the steam found vent through the funnel blowing the damper out at the top. The passengers (most of whom were on the quarter-deck) escaped entirely unhurt, but nine men who were below in the engine-room were more or less scalded ; one man, named Peter Hughes, so badly, that his life is despaired of. It is not yet known how the accident happened, or what injury the vessel has sustained. She was esteemed the best, and was certrinly the swiftest packet on this station. The Shearwater was ordered to take the place of the Urgent as soon as possible. She sailed with he mail and passengers at about eight o'clock. DISCOVERY OF HUMAN SKELETONS.--A t Oving, near Chiche . ster, a rich benevolent lady, Miss Katharke Woods, has purchased a piece of ground near the church of that parish, for the laudable purpoFe of build ing a Sunday School-room for girls. Last week the work men, in digging the foundation, found a large quantity of human bones, which were interred in the churchyard, near the spot. Two sculls of large size were found amongst the bones, in one of which the teeth were white and in pi e servation ; the other had the appearance of being nearly severed in two by some sharp instrument. How these re mains of mortality, in such quantities, became buried on that spot remains a mystery.—llants Independent. • THE TOWN AND FORTRESS OF ADEN. OUR NEW ACQUISITION. About one hundred miles to the eastward of the Straits of Babelmandel, is Cape Aden, in latitude about 128 45 North. This Cape is high and craggy, and forms a peninsula, with a deep bay to the westward called Bla,k Bay, and another to the eastward, in which the town of Alen is situated, in latitude 12 50 North, and longitude 45 10 East, where ships be sheltered from westerly winds. The anchorage is in seven fathoms with Cape Aden bearing south ; the mosque touching the N.W. point of Fortified Island (a black islet with a tower on its extremity) about three quarters of a mile distant from the island. The town of Aden has at present a miserable appear ance from the sea, being nearly a heap of ruins, out of which two minarets and a mosque rear their heads. The rocky peninsula on which the town is situated was formerly fortified strongly, the summits of the rocks being covered with the ruins of lines and forts. Fortified Island was also covered with works resembling the hill forts of India ; and when in good condition must have been impregnable, and a small ex pense would make it so again. The residence of the Sultan is but an indifferent building, and the greater part of the houses aro composed of basket work and matting. There is a pier running out from the middle of the town, where boats can conveniently land, but it does not extend to low water mark. Aden was formerly the most opulent town in Ara bia. The Portuguese, under Albuquerque. made an attempt upon it in 1513, but were repulsed. In 1516 a Portuguese force stopped here, on its way into the Red Sea, when the Governor of the town offered to surrender it to them ; but they deferred takinc , pos session till their return from the Red Sea. In the mean time the Governor having received reinforcements, refused to deliver it to the Portuguese, who thereupon returned to India. In 1532 it became tributary to them ; it was then described as beinc , " very strong, standing by the sea side, surrounded by e ' mountains, on the top of which are little castles or forts encompassed with ravelins on every side, excepting a little opening for a road into the country, and to the shore, with gates, towers, and good walls. To the northward there is a large port, with good anchorage secured from all winds." In 1538 it was taken by the Turks. who re tained possession for some time, but were driven out of the country by the Imaum of Sana's forces, who desi rous of attracting vessels to his domnions fixed upon Mocha to which he annexed so many privileges and en couragements, that Aden, notwithstanding the superio rity of its harbour and the difficulty of getting through the straits from Mocha except during the particular monsoon was in a great measure abandoned, and the commerce transferred to the new establishment. One of the causes that contributed most to the removal of the commerce to Mocha was, that the market for coffee being in the territory of the lmaum of Sans he wished to have it shipped from a port within the boundary of his own States, and for that purpose laid upon the ar ticle so heavy a duty when it was taken to Aden, that the merchants to avoid this charge adopted the practice of shipping it from Mocha. Is 1802, Sir Home Popham was sent on a mission from Bengal to Arabia. He visited Aden, and pre fers it to Mocha both in a commercial and political point of view : as a commercial port, it has manifest advantages over Mocha, being accessible at all times of the year. Its intercourse with the coast of Africa can be kept up at all seasons, and, consequently there would be a continued trade, if any protection was given to it by the English, to whom the Sultan is much attached, and has offered to hold his country under them. There are some merchants already settled et Aden, who, though they have but little trade, enjoy a mild Government, and on that account they do not remove to Mocha. The ex ports and imports are nearly the same as at Mocha ; and gum arabic, and other drugs, which are brought from the opposite coast, owing to its contiguity, may be procured at a cheaper rate. The natives who in habit the coast from Cape Guardafui to the Straits, exclude the Arabs from their ports, and bring their produce either to Aden or Mocha in their own dows ; a great part of the myrrh and gum arabic is brought to the former place, where the Banians of Mocha have each a partner established to conduct their business. Were a regular trade carried on at Aden the consump tion of goods would probably increase considerably, as the Africans have no limit to their purchases, excepting the amount of their gold, elephant's teeth, gums, and the produce of their own country. THE NEW CITY POLICE BILL. The City Police Committee continue to sit daily at the Exchequer Coffee-house, in Palace-yard, to receive infor mation. Copies of the two Bills, viz., the Metropolitan Police Improvement Bill, and the Metropolitan Police Courts Bill, having been sent all over England and Wales by the Committee, and Mr. Hawes having intimated his intention to adhere to the course he means to pursue with respect to the principle contained in those Bills, very strong indignation has been expressed by the several corporate bodies as to that gentleman's announcement of his, inten tion in the House of Climmons. The last conference which the delegates from the Police Committee had with Lord John Russell, in which his Lordship manifested so strong a disposition to conciliate the Corporation of Lon don, and spontaneously pledged himself to support the Bill of the Corporation itself, has greatly disappointed those who were at the trouble of producing the two Bills, the provi sions of a hich have excited such strong displeasure through out the country. One of these persons is a Police Magis trate, of no long standing at the bar, at which his name was never known until his appointment to the situation, the profits of which one of his Bills proposes shall be raised from 800/. to 1,200/. a-year. No doubt whatever is entertained by the City authorities who have been in communication with Lord John Russell that his Lordship was kept in ignorance of the oppressive character of the measures to which his name gave sanction, and it is very positively asserted that Lord Melbourne was also in the dark on the subject until ho received so intelligible a hint at the Ministerial dinner at the Mansion House from the Lord Mayor, and from the speech of Mr. Crawford, one of the City representatives, who declared that he had be eome a convert to the opinions of the Corporation from conviction, and that be would give the most decided oppo sition to any measure calculated to interfere with the power of self-government on which the citizens have acted from time immemorial. The assurances of support from the Members of the Legislature, both those who are in the habit of voting with the Government, and those who are in opposition, have in finitely exceeded the expectations of the sanguine friends of corporate privileges, but the Committee are resolved not to relax in their labours until the Bill they are preparing shall have passed the House of Commons. That Bill is, with the exception of two or three clauses, in which are embodied the suggestions of Lord John Russell, as to the appointment of a Commissioner of the City Police, and the establishment of a co-operative intercourse between that Commissioner and the two Metropolitan Commission era, the identical Bill which passed the House of Com mons some time ago, and was withdrawn from the House of Lords in consequence of objections on the part of the Common Council, now no longer existing. The following are the general heads of the Bill : Repeal of the Act 10th George 11. The City authorities having appointed a police force of 500 men, who have been sworn in as constables, the men to be appointed by them from time to time to be sworn in as constables. A police committee to be appointed by the Common Council. The Common Council to make regulations for the management of the police. The Common Council to appoint a Commissioner of their police force, who alone is to appoint and discharge the men, subject to the sanction of the Lord Mayor. The powers of the police officers defined. The City police to act within the metropolitan police district, and the metropolitan police to act within the VVarrants of the City justices to be executed within the metrcpolitan police district, and warrants of the county justices to be executed within the City. The corporation, out of their funds, to contribute one fourth part of the expense of the police force. Power to make rates on the inhabitants for the remain leg three-fourth parts, upon the basin of the poor rates. The City not to take on men who have been discharged from the Metropolitan police force, nor the Metropolitan to take on men who have been discharged from the City police. The Committee continue to receive notices of the pro ceedings of t'Le Councils through the country, adopted in consequence of the Town Clerk's circular, which was a few weeks ago transmitted to each corporation. Lafont, the best remaining tragic actor of the Theatre F,ancais, took leave of the stage and the public list week. lie had belonged to that theatre for the last thirty years, and though during the latter fifteen his p, r. formances had been confined to a few characters of the classic drama, which enjoyed little favour, he had, in the commencement of his career, not only been Talma's most dangerous rival, but had even completely eclipsed that great tragedian for two years together. His farewell benefit, wherein Mdlle. Rachel played for the first time the part of Laodice in Corneille's Nicomede, yielded 14,000 francs. MYSTERIOUS DEATH BY DROWNING.—OIS Wednesday an inquest Wa3 held before Mr. Wakley, M. Y., at the Yorkshire Grey Tavern, Hampstead, on the body of Richard Martin, aged 25 years, late footman in the service of Mr. Clayton, a gentleman of fortune residing at Branch Hill. It appeared from the evidence that the deceased was a mai vied man and of a very cheerful disposition. On Saturday afternoon last he went to the Spotted Dog, in the Strand, where he had formerly been a waiter. He slept there, and left the following afternoon. At six o'clock he was seen running about Hampstead heath, and between nine and ten o'clock his hat, coat, and waistcoat were found on the banks of a reservoir on the Heath, and search bring made, the body was found in the water. There were no marks of violence on it. A half sovereign and four slit lines ie :silver were found in his pockets. The Jury, after some consultation, returred a verdict—" That the deceased was found drowned ; but by what means he came to his death there was no evidence to prove." At this inquest the foreman of the Jury was Mr. Adcy, the opp o , cent of Mr. Wakley in the late contest fcr the office of Coroner. Upon the meeting of these gentlemen they shook hands together in the most cordial manner, the former congratulat in g Mr. Wel:ey on his app o i ntment; to which the Coroner jocosely replied, " Ah, if you had no t attended to my summons I should have fried you heavily." EVENING EDITION. THE MARKETS. COUNTRY CORN MARKETS. Wheat. f Barley. I Oats. i Beans. 1 Pease. S. S. i Per Quarttr. s. to s 1 s. to s, s. to s. 1 s. t o s. i - Boston IB3 s 4 35 24 97 31 40 .r 2 -- Gal nsbor ling ht, Si 37 28 Grantham i7o 81 '2B 33 31 93 , 3 'W ~,,, ils . " - Grintsny '62 83 34 40 '2'2 "A) 3 8 4. 1 •''' Dorms :Ale 162 Si) 's2 '37 '2O '24 I :i6 42 -- - .... Lincoln 7O 77 181 4•l `2 0 '29 14d 0 "-- .... Sp , ..l(ling - ... I ECP -, 35 --% 4 , 1 2 Stanitolil '7l 8; , ';.li, 30 '2l .'5 36 4'4 -... - ... Yotk I7O lio '2O 34 24 9.6 3'2 t , WAKEFIELD CORN MARKET —April 19 Wocat, Red, Norfolk and Soil:Mk ...... ... ....C. GIS. to 71s. floe "•u-• Lin. and Cant. • .---- Yorkshire —s. 555. to 685. fine 70 ----. I,llliite • -- Foreign, it.,4 White Harley, Norfolk and Su3lslk Lincolnshire —: : s: : 7 4 - 3 -2 2 3 i ::. t 0 0 0 : —(7 44 4 3 0 5: 1 I : . 1 i nfi6 r i e e ; 741. Yorkshire \Vold Foreign /leans, Smati —s. to 4(is. —s. to fine ^ -4- tine 49t. due 441 Ohts, Potato —s. to 304. fine 0 --- Poland —q. -- e . to 30s. tine as. I .'ficzland and Sinai: -- s.aaling ----.. 13:1. to ;4S. per Stone. 3h .!ling Malt 3ls. to -J6s oe pe r Loar Rapeseed --i. -.4. 41s, fine 40 s. per thad: Os. 231. Os. 301. Os. per Las' SCOTCII INlARKET2 2___ ______---; Oaf Wheat . Barley. Oats. Beans. —.— -- ----_-.. 46 t o (5 klicrden 75 to 8C 34 to 36 23 to 30 —to -- l a 46 Berwick 45 53 25 3 - 2 111 21 26 30 '" ... Coldstream - ..-, Cu;,4r ! Fite) 45 65 26 31 14 22 21 2 0 "- 44 Dunbar 6t 70 31 33 45 32 40 42 40 Elgin Inverness Kelso 2 Kirkaldy Perth /C f s• Tho size of the measure varies throng out the coon",• HADDINGFON CORN MARKET.—Apri ll9. .ons , Wheat. Barley. Oats. Pease. 4% Od First SOs Od 44s Pd 36s 02 45s 02 ~,,.. pd Second 72s Od 45s 03 1;36 Od 41'5 Od ', s lid Third 6ss Od 35s Od 203 04 36; 03 ''" Average. 3/, 12, 02, o.l!tcs. DALKEITH CORN MARKET.—ApriI IS o wl, Wheat. Barley. O a t s. rease. 4 First Bos Od 44s Od 37s 4d 46s od l • 6 : 03 4, 02 Second 7ls Od 4ls tld 34s Od 43s Od ts od 1 Third . 505 02 35s Od 2ls Od 23 Od EDINBURGH CORN MARKET.—ApriI 17. d th 0110 We had a large supply of all kinds of Grain te-daYs an were rather doll. - - - •- - - -- • • ----- 1 Best_ First Second Third Wheat. Barley. His. Od. 44s (d. 74 0 42 0 66 0 H 6 0 , erage price of Wheat.. Oats. 40s. Bd, 35 0 30 0 BeS pease. 48i n A 435. Od• 44 0 44 0 40 40 0 5/ 0.5. Id. RICES OF EC. " Beef, per lb. O P s. 5.1. to Os. tki. , Fresh But PROVISIONS, ter, 10. 111.7;•• p e 11 Mutton 0 6 0 8 Salt 0 0 ,, 90 , 1 ,/, Veal '0 7 1 0 Ditto, per c% t. " 80 „ 0 P0rk,.,. ---- 0 5 0 7 Eggs, per des.... 0 ", 10 6 Lamb, per yr. 8 0 12 0 OatStraw(krl.).. 8%. 10 0 0 42 0 Wheat Ditto.... t~ b 2uartern Loaf .—. Ii 10 0 10i Barley Ditto 0 1 Potatoes, 1-11 b. 0 6 0 0 Hay, per EDINBURGH MEAL MARKET.—ApriI 1 4 . li e Sid , There was a middling supply of Oatmeal at this day's mar the sales were ra' her heavy. Per Sack of 2601 b. Imp. First Oatmeal ...... £2 16 0 Second ditto BirleytricaL ..... I 16 0 Peasermsal 1 12 0 Pot Barley—No. ',pet cwt. Prot I GLASGOW CORN 1 A moderate business doim Wheat, per 2401 b. a. d. s. d. British, old 370 to 40 0 new 3O 0 35 0 Canada, free 34 0 36 0 Irish Barley, per 3201 b English 32 0 34 0 Scottish 2B 0 32 0 Irish SecondF r st ! o e r adt S int t it o eo n a '''''' ;0 9 , Barleyweal ...... .... 0 S Peasemeal .. .... 7 iss . ,25.-2,1,148.23d.16 ''7" 4t I. 20s. :lARKET.—ApriI , In Grain; prices stew Y• I. Oats, per :1641b „ Irish 2o v cl British ............... Beans, per 2601b•21 0 25 0 0 English Scottish '34 a • Pease, Scottish 22 e 0 Oatmeal, per 1401 b :7, 0 0 & A° Flour, per 2solb CORNWALL MARKETS. (Calculated at 24 gallons to the bushel.) (Calculated at 24 gallons to the bushel.l_____/ Wheat. Barley. !..... .......5t- - 4 a. s. d. to t. d. s. d. to s. d. s. d. to le 0 Truro...-. ...... —, 0 25 0 0 12 0 -- ° 6 ° Helstone St. Austell 0 25 6 0 96 v 6 ; Bodmm 0 24 6 0 96 ° 7 ' Liskcard 0 22 0— 0 9 6-- ! 0 ! Launceston 0 Camelford 2l 0 24 0— 0 10 0 7 ~" 0 Perizance 24 0 26 0 0 11 0 -- ' MININ G INTELLIGENCE. Tat;; ie„ su. - Quantity of Copper Ore sold - o 19 , 7 0 0 Quantity of fine Copper 8 4 ... o t i. Average Produce Amount of Sale s 14.199 .13s I I.—Average Stindars4: o4 1.- t The celebrated property in the North Ititl"l3%r Of Yorkshire, belonging to Sir Belingham Graham , s od with a rental of 5,0001. a year, including 3,00 0 a creg lj by the whole of the villag e of Nunuington, is to be ° Mr. George Robins in June. & d i ROYAL GERMAN SPA, BRIGHTON.'" oil. her Majesty's especial Patronag e.—The Pump -r° lo of re-open for the s eason on Mond ay, May 0. To th e ' w ent mineral waters pr e p ar ed a nd di s p en s e d a t the establis e t he will be added th e l o di ne and B rom ine w aters ne st ° Adelaide spring i n B avar i a , and o f Kreutoa c t h an dos Bingen. Prospectuses may be obtai ne d of the 'i so ( ' agents for the sale of bottled wate r s , George W att ' d e Co., chemists to her Majes, 177, Regent-street, and I. Lucas, 63, Cheapside. A ty detailed acco unt of th e osts blishment will be found in Dr. Granville's work on the r of Germany. at t he Died at Fortrose, N. 8., on the 6th ins fitanatc'ted 0 age of 75, Roderick Macfatquhar, E Chief Magistrate of the Burgh for a e fore was a Deputy Lieutenant and Justice Of county of Ross for many years. In early life h e county Lieutenant and Quarter- Master of the _ O l ampton Fellable Regiment then stationed latterly he officiated as Adjutant of the Ist regimcc! ° , gets Local Militia until k was disembodied. His remain,' s od interred in the Cathedral church there on the li t i ;L:ell em-bp-ce.erteof u y e e ar were accompanied to the grave by a most r i e n sp ir e c e i t a : ll7°99 ad numerous assemblage of mourning relatives, acquaintances. 11 , LORD COREHOUSE—AYRSIIIRE Ef.t.'"" l 0 nen —lt seems now certain Ilia Lord Corehouse has resig_,,y his appointment as a L or d o f S ess i on , a nd it is sir fie, rumoured that the Lord Advocate has been, or wi l ,-, lina n eral diately be appointed hi s successor . Th e Solicitor -1 1;V is at present in L on d on , an d t h e qu id nun cs are at I' in to guess his errand. Th e fi rs t l aw officer of the Crew sad Scotland cannot well want a seat in Parliament.' for should Mr. Mur ra y b e ra i se d to t h e bench—a 4tuatle, _re $ which he is every way eminently qu alific „lot will bt. another run for Leith, P orto bello, . 1. riag row, &c. Already canvassers are trying t° the quarry, and although Mr. Rutherford may b e ds f opposed by drum ecclesiastic, &c., success is they be at all well managed. Ayrsh ire ' s pirit Regarding e in the e are not, we confess, quite so sanguine, for a W an g - sic ° seems to have come over the dream of that coun t l b i as Mr. Oswald of A uc h encru i ve carr i e d i t i n a cant er ! j obs overwhelming maj or ity. Th e l amen t e d death of 6: li dotes Dunlop having thrown Ayreshire open, three c ati c s allr are already in the field, L or d C arr K e lb ur ne, M r. 0 0 bell of Fairlie, and ex-Bailie Craig of Kilmarnoc k. b oos spouting Chartist knows f u ll we ll th a t he has t O C OO whatever; but he, of course, wishes to damage the to the utmost of his power. —Dumfries Courier. I j 9 n ot THE AMERICAN SLAVE-HOLDER.--"'Il e tie° ; r like the West I n di an , a non - res id ent , r i ot i n g in °0 the cruel exactions o f hi s t as k mas t ers i n a remote - f to or if resident for a s e as o n, m aki ng i n h um an bast e , ,e ; acquisition of a wealth that shall e n a ble bins to r et 'i revel in an affluence then gotten ;m ane s e ' Or if a per dent, yet far removed from the eye of the War' i t tl , addicted t *the habits and vices of the worst state of ' ° . e t boul where he can practise cruelty without remorse, ni'd,Wbe epo quailing before the reprobation of mankind. O n 'a tr. trary, the American slave-holder's home is for nve' b i o to; midst of his people ; and he knows that it is to Ort home of his children from generation to generation. dill., narily, he has a family, whose morals and amenitie;esll are of a mould too tender and delicate to be wit ne- t 9 silic' inhuman and barbarous cruelties around them) ,t ed ; . s $ ll / are inconsistent with such a state of things. of ; t oe , e ; connected politically and soc i a lly, w ith a diffeeen'; o3 ioK society, and is accustomed habitually and statedlY t 0 0 0 7 , with it, besides other modes and channels Of 3 i co ns . 0 The I : 9 e S , sympathy that are ever acting upon him. his t he the whole civilized world is continually ringing and uttering its notes of remonstrance, not only:ab-loare4., cruelties incident to a state of slavery, but agar' s pi f .„ — J itself. And although his interest and habits may to the present to advocate slavery and to maintain d i t ioa, that the world awards the sufferance on the con his good behaviour.—A Voice from America ie 13117 1 , , W.' PLATE.—T. COX SAVORY, Silversollll,ooloi 47, Cornhill (Seven Doors from Gracechti rc h.strcet) . o rlat 3 The best wrought Fiddle-Pattern Spoons a n : l h o ref 7s. 2d. per ounce. The following are the r'' - ' l4- ier s t mended, but the articles may be had lighter or s. same prise per ounce : d• 11) ... 4 oz. 9 . 10 12 Fiddle-pattern Table Spoons 12 Ditto Dessert ditto 12 Ditto Table Forks 2O at 7 2 7 s a ‘, 12 Ditto Dessert ditto 2O at 7 511 ; 2 Ditto Gravy Spoons ... ...... 1 Ditto Soup Ladle ... 10 at 7 2 516 0 4 Ditto Sauce ditto 4 Ditto Salt Spoons (gilt strong) '2 10 4 1 Ditto Fish Slice 3 16 0 12 Ditto Tea Spoons piiafr. 0 l, 1 Pair Ditto Sugar Tongs (strong)... : grads, of N.l3.—A pamphlet containing a list of Po, c a c t ; g rat o ' Plated Goods, Watches, Clocks, &c., may be " ti ,,, will be forwarded in auswer to a posilkpaid aPPlic a e` f i' f BIRTH S. the i On the 16th inst., at Streatham-hill, Surrey, William CarpinaeL Esq., of a son. c illal e ' "' On the 19th inst., the lady of Edward Thomas 3 of Bedford-row, of a daughter. MA RIE D. On the 18th inst., at Portsl R ade, Sus ax, J° l 'n .13121" Or Esq., of Lewes, solicitor, to Mary, eldest daughter Borrer, Esq., of the Manor-house, Portslide• A r On the 19th inst., at St. Pancras NeW‘Church, dau o,ter Little, of Stratford, Essex, to 11 I t Maria, e es , ,r o ttet George Baker, of Park-terrace, Camden-town , an ti t f S t. court-road. On the 20th inst., M r . J osep h Charles 1-10ivetli:ri!'' Peter's-square, Hammersmith, and Walbrook , the only daughter of Henry Okey, Esq. , °f Hornsey. D IE ii. On the 18th inst., at Clapham, Mr. Waterhouse, rl'eneld..7r3o.aa' On the 18th inst., John Lucas, Esq., of GroYe-' Rezent's-park, and Walton, Leicestershire, ag ed 9 9 ..,_ villet te ' On the 19th inst., at Pentonville, Mrs. Elizabeth l a te widow of the late Rev. Susannah,t aged 88. _i• t he . _ On the 19th inst., second daughter irainthrol° Richard Collier, Esq., t Superintendent of the I 11 Society. Clark On ihn - . 19th inst., at I'pper Clapton, George 1-Irl''''g ventr7. Esq , of Sh or . c hi c , a , ed 41. of lia On the 20th inst., Robert Wildegose, ES ( .I ., a the R aged 68 . Edo° e' ' On the 20th inst., in Fitzroy-square, re ocir ie, f ' s(l Heart:ey Orme, ALA , Oxon, eldest s on of Etlvra 1 London : Printed and Published No. 112, Strand, at The Sun Office. No. 112, sera - the county of Middlesex._ Monday. . ;„0.7 .., :orf i l r , `'.:1:0,-