The Sun. — London, England, 1839-10-02 00:00:00

E EN ING EDIT lON. LEIS Majesty the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA. having miniorasED awl GUARANTEED se veral DISTRIBUTIONS of MONEY PREMIUAIS, which (though NOT LOTTERIES) , offer many possibilities of ob taining LARGE FORTUNES, J. A. - SC /IWARZCIIILD, Banker, Frankfort on the Maine, and 20, Rue du Cadran a Paris, is novv SELLING SHARES of the said DISTRIBUTIONS of MO:NUY. Persons desirous to purchase may receive, PRE VI:.)U S To giving any order, the PROSPECTUS and PAR- TtC:ULARS, on addressing, WITHOUT DELAY, to J. SCHWARZCHILD, Banker, Frznk'ort on the Maine, and 20, Rne du Cadran I Paris. THE NEXT DISTRIBUTION contains Portions of SIX TIIOUSAND, TEN THOUSAND, TWENTY THOU SAND, THIRTY THOUSAND POUNDS, and upwards. The DAY of DISTRIBUTION being VERY NEAR, NO TIME SHOULD BE LOST by those desirous of becoming Shareholders. COMPLETION OF MR. AINSWORTH'S " JACK SHEPPARD." On the 15th October, complete, in 3 vols. post Bvo., bound, with Portrait of the Author, by R. I. lane, Esq., R.A., engraved by Greatbach. price 255., JACK SHEPPARD. F., W. H. AINSWORTH, Esq., Author of " Rookwood," sce. Embellished with wENT\--stx ILLUSTRATIONS BY GEORGE CRITIKSIIANK. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. 4 0 " Orders received by all Booksellers. HUNTING, RACING, SHOOTING, &c., This day is published, in Svo., Part 1., to be completed in Ten Monthly Parts, price is. each, of A N ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RURAL SPORTS. By DELABERE P. BLAINE, Esq., Author of "Outlines of the Veterinary Art," " Canine Pa- -- - • thologv," &c., 4 Beautifully illustrated with numerous Engravings on wood, from drawings by Ailzen, T. Landseer, Dieltes, &c. " The first Part of this most useful and admirable work, which has been some years in preparation. has just come forth, and with a promise of excellence —taking the first as:a sample__ which must render it of national value."—Bell's Life in London. London : Longman, Orme, anti Co. THEATRE ROYAL COVENT GARDEN. UNDER THE AI..4I.IsTAGEMENT OF MADAt3IE VESTRIS. THIS EVENING , WEDNESDAY, CCT. 2, 18.39, Will he repeated Shakspere's Comedy of LOVE'S LABOURS LOST. - The Scenery o wn-ply new, painted by Mr. Grieve, Mr. T. Grieve, and Mr. W. Grieve. Ferdinand, King of Navarre, Mr. Cooper ; Biron, Mr. An derson, Longaville, Mr. Fitzjames, Domain, Mr. J. Vining, Lords, attending on the King; Boyet, Mr. F. Matthews, Mercade, Mr. W. Payne, Lords, attending on the Princess of F r ance; Don Adrian* de Armado, (a fantastical Spaniard,) Ur. Harley; Sir Nathaniel, (a Curate,) Mr. Meadows; Holofernes, (a Schoolmaster,) Mr. Bartley; Dull, (a Consta bie,) Mr. Granby; Custard, (a Clown,) Mr. Keeley; Moth, (Page to Arm a do,) Miss Lee ; Forester, Mr. C. J. Smith; Prineess of France; Mrs. Nisbet; Rosaline, Madame Vestris, 4 . Maria, Miss E. Phillips, Katharine, Miss Charles, Ladies at: tendipg on the Princess; Jaquenetta, (a Country Wench) Mrs. Isioniby ; Ver, or Spring, Miss Rainforth ; Iliems, or Winter, Mr. S. Jones. Officers and others, Attendants on the King i and R•inc?iss, Messrs. Brace, Butler, Collett, Connell, Charles, 1 Davis, nirness, Horton, Hodges, Hughes, Fredericks, Ker ridge, Williii - xoson, Young, Gibson, Ireland, Ridgway. _Mes dames Bolen, A. Bodes, Beresford, Cummins, Charlton ' Col lett, Bailey, Elden, Goward, Jackson, A. Jackson, Lane, Fairlirother, Gibson i Ryals, Charlton, Fenton, Kendall, E. Kendal!, A. Lee, .Mass.ill, Platt, Paris. To conclude with, that: time, a New Farce, in Two Acts, galled ALIVE AND MERRY. I Mr. .Itamuel Perkins, Mr. W. };:rren. Frank Saunders, Mr. Charles. Mathews. Mr. Luke Sharp, Mr. Bartley. Patrick r:t i y, Mr. Brougham. Waiter, Mr. W. i.. Payne. Servant, Mr. Kierridge. Miss Penelope Perkins, Mrs. Orger. Bela, Mrs. iYantby. Landlady, Mrs. Emden. I ti tit ,"P The Theatre will be Open Every Evening. ! Sint:spore's Comedy of Love's Labour Lest will be repeated To-morrow and Friday, and on Monday, Wednesday, and Fri- I d. , in the ensiiii:s week. I The New Farce of Alive and Merry will he performed every evening till further notice (the Olympic Nights excepted). I On Saturday (the Fi:st Olympis Night), Sons and Systems, ' Faiut Heart Never Won Fair Lady, Patter versus Clatter, and The Loan of a Lover. The Theatre has been re-embellished by Mr. W. Bradwelt, and the following new arrangements have been made for the eniniug season :- 1 A separate Entrance and Corridor have been appropriated 4 to the Dress Circle, in which chairs have been placed in lieu of benches. and Ladies and Gentlemen taking Tickets for this part of the Theatre, will have their seats reserved for the whole I of the evening. Corresponding attention will be found to have been paid to ear eonifort and accommodation of the Public in the other Circles of Boxes, from the cldy!eliers of which the gas has I been entirely removed, and wax candles substituted. E la compliance with the suggestions of many of her patrons, Madame VESTRIS has the anonr to announce, that it is her iiitention to appropriate ONE EVENING IN EACH WEEK to ;he performance of those Entertainments, which for so many sears have constituted the attraction of the OLYMPIC THEATRE. THE FIRST OLYMPIC NIGHT Will be on SATURDAY, October sth. Dress Boxes, is; Second Price, 3s. 6d. ; First and Second Circ. ss. ; Second Price, h. Gd. ; Pit, 3s. ; Second Price, ; Gallery, !s. Doors to y be opened at half-past Six—the performances to coinsrence at Seven o'Clock. I:ickets and places for the Boxes to be taken of Mr. Notter, at. the Box-office, from Ten till Four, where Season Tickets may be had upon application. Private Boxes to be had solely of Mr. Andrews, bookseller, 167, New Bond-street. 'Stage Manager, Mr. Bartley ; Composer and Musical Di rector, Mr. H. R. Bishop, Mus. Bac. ; Ballet Master, Mr. O..ar Byrpe ; Leader of the Band. Mr. Hughes ; Chorus Mos- Alt. 'Tully ; Prompter, Mr. W. S. Emden ; the Scenery , by Mr. Grieve, Mr. T. Grieve, and Mr. W. Grieve ; Mecha -1 stilt and Decorator, Mr. W. Bradwell ; the Machinery bp Mr. sloman; Master of the Wardrobe, Mr. Heal; Mistresses of tile. Wardrobe, Mrs. Stroud and Mrs. Brown. • i ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. THIS EVENING, OCT. 2. 4 Will be presented an entirely new and original Nautical Drama, • in Three Acts, entitled ARMSTRONG, THE SHIPWRIGHT. Reuben Armstrong, Mr. T. P. Cooke ; Abel Armstrong, Mr. E. F. Saville; Annis Mildred, Mrs. H. Vining; Bona, Miss Martin. After which (28th time) the successful Nautical Drama of BEN BOATSWAIN; Or, SAILOR'S SWEETHEARTS. Ben Bowling, Mr. T. P. Cooke. ; . To conclude. with the Old English Drama of THE LADYE OF LAMBYTHE. Eva, Mrs. Vining. Katherine Miss Grant. Lucie, Miss Martin. Walter More Mr. E. F. Saville. Wilbert, Mr. Dale. . John the Jester, Mr. Smith. HIGH WATER AT LONDON BRIDGE TO.NIORROW. ~ t ) minutes atter 10 1 Evening 27 minutes alter 11, -1% , ;,,,,' - . 4 1 :1i:Al , -. :-:i , :yam: '''. un, LONDON : WED4ESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1839. Only two causes can be assigned, we believe, for the considerable fall in the price of wheat which took place in Mark-lane on Monday, and which is a !kiihject of almost universal rejoicing. First, that the harvest has turned out more abun dant at home than was anticipated. That a great I breadth of land was sown with wheat, is known ; ' that the crops are generally abundant, Sir JAMES GRAHAM has testified ; and the fine week we have had, gives hopes that a large proportion of the produce would be saved. Should this be the prin cipal cause, the demand for wheat from abroad, and the necessity for exporting bullion, will he 'cliecked, and the crank, lop-sided old lady of Thread ne'ede-street may again be placed, for a time, on a4netbiog like an even keel. - The ether cause is, that the wheat brought to mar- I;e. was ofa bad quality. Reports from various parts Ereg,land mention that the grain has grown in the: sheaf, and the farmers may have thrashed out -and sent a considerable quantity of such wheat hastily to market. This cause of the decline is countenanced by the fact that foreign wheat main tained its price on Monday, and only that of the :44atia' e arOwth fell. If this be the principal cause, -tkiere pill be no relief for the Bank, and there will suffering for the people by eating un 'll.63leteme food. We are bound, however , to s a y I ' lt 1111 eirst mentioned is supposed to be the prir.- 4 i t.tit,,ute, :and that a further - fall in the price is antiertiated;whl e orders sent abroad for wheat have been, cp u u tetra . anded. France has of late mad e large purchases of wheat j in Catolonia. I n Spain it is said that the harvest has been most abundant and gathered in most favour ably. Nothing, therefore, but the Corn-law pre vents our people at this moment eating bread made from the good wholesome corn of Spain, brought and sold here at about 455. per quarter, instead of eating the unripe sprouting wheat grown on Sir JAMEs GRAHAM'S and th e Duke of BUCKING HAM'S lands, for which those law makers compel us by law to pay 255. per quarter more than we could buy the Spanish wheat for. Though such facts are daily brought to light, and the people continually suffer privation and hunger, there i s not yet Much agitation in the country on account of the Corn-laws. The Provincial Papers gene rally notice the subject : there has been a meeting at Dundee of an Anti-Corn -law Association ; b ut much more must be done before the grasp of the powerful thief can be loosened, who insists on rob bing the pwple for the good of the people. The political article of Blackwood this month is an essay on Whig and Tory finance, which is meant t o b e ver y profound. Of the writer's expacity to perform his task, except as he can add and su b tract , we h ave a ver y poor opinion. thle of his great objects is to praise the GOUL BURN, or as it is called, the patrician scheme of keeping up a steady system of levying more money annually from the people than was wanted for the ser vice of the State, and employing the overplus to pay off the National Debt. This is contrasted with the " multitudinous" schemes, the submission of the Whigs, as is said " to popular clamour" for a " reduction of taxation," which put an end to the overplus, and left nothing to be applied to the re duction of the debt. Let the reader remark in this Tory journal, as in the Times, that the demands for relief by the people are treated as the clamour of a multitude ; and nothing is thought worthy of a Statesman's solicitude, but to keep up the price of the Three per Cents. To give ease and security to the fund holders, is on the Tory theory, a subject of paramount importance ; to allow industry to obtain its reward, to give the labouring people relief, is despised and contemned as beneath a Tory Statesman's regard. The great argument which the writer in Black wood levels against the multitudinous system is, that by getting rid of the surplus, it fail e d to k eep up public credit, failed to raise the price of the Three per Cents. to par, and therefore disabled the Go vernment from reducing the interest on the Three per Cents., and so saving something from the annual charge. He desires, therefore, to keep up the price of the Funds ; he regards that as a good thinc , for the nation ;he would operate to produce it. He praises that sublime financier Mr. GOULBURN for having effected it ; and it shall be our business to show that it is not good to keep up the price of the Funds, and that the system of reduction of taxation from popular clamour, which lowered the price of the Funds was, and is, beneficial to the nation. If a monied man can get as much interest on 1001. invested in the Three per Cents. as he can by employing that 1001. in the somewhat hazardous operation of discounting bills, he will invest it in the certain security. What is true of this monied man and his 1001. is true of all the monied men in the empire and their congre gated 100/s. They will all prefer the certain security to the uncertain at the same rate of interest, and as the interest on money lent on dis count falls, so the monied men will desire to become possessed of Consols, so they will bid for that stock, and the price will rise. Thus it is plain that the price of the funds, which the Blackwood booby would levy taxes to keep up, depends on the in terest which monied men can make on employing their money in discounting bills, or in other com mercial transactions. For the monied classes a high rate of interest is a good thing ; and thus a rise in the price of the Funds is indicative that even the monied class is less prosperous. But the market rate of interest on money de pends on the profit to be made on employing it in commercial, manufacturing, and other transac tions. When the merchant, the manufacturer, or the farmer can make 10 or 12 or 15 per cent. on his capital, he willingly borrows to augment his capital at a proportionate rate of interest. High profits in farming, in trade, or in manufacturing, is prosperity to farmers, merchants, and factory owners. When all these, however, obtain large profits, it it clear that they must be anxious to employ more labourers, and consequently when profits are high, and employers are prosperous, wages will become comparativelvgood and the labourers be well off. We are quite aware that there are exceptions to the rule, but the general rule is that as profits are high, which is prosperity to all the industrious classes, so the interest of money is high, and the price of the Funds is low. Of course a high price of the Funds is the reverse of all this, and thus the pa trician scheme of finance, the Tory plan of levying taxes to keep up the price of the Funds, by its success diminishes the prosperity of all classes. Now see how the facts as stated by Black wood bear on this. A low rate of interest is an in- fallible sign of a profitless traffic. Under the patrician system taus were kept on, trade was more hampered than subsequently, profits were low, the interest of . . money was low, the stocks rose, and GOULBURN could reduce the Four per Cents. The merit of the Tories, according to the Magazine writer, is, that they accomplished these financial wonders while there was " the extreme of public distress." Let the reader mark that admission ; but let us tell him that the patrician scheme of keeping up taxa tion, which co-existed with it, caused that distress. By that distress and excessive taxation, the Tories got up the price of the Funds and lowered the an. nual -charge for the •national debt, according to Blackwood, about 2,000,0001. To do that however, they extracted from the people taxes, in 15 years, to the amount of 52,474,0001., and ex- posed them through all that time to extreme misery, It is described in the 3lagazine as the demerit of the Whigs, that there has been prosperity, not extreme distress, since 1830. That is true to a recent period. What is the deduction ? Why, that the remission of taxation, which has prevented t he price of the Three per Cents. rising to par, has increased the profits of industry, the interest of money, and the public prosperity. In the debate on the Corn-laws Sir R. PEEL 'S great argument was that the nation was prosperous, that every branch of manufacture and commerce had increased wonder. fully, and was increasing. This is true ; commerce and manufactures have made a great start since 1830, which has rendered the produce of the land insufficient for the people ; and because the tax on corn was not also abolished, again trade begins to feel hampered, as under the patrician system, and extreme distress begins to be felt. Thus, the facts of the case, as stated by Blackwood, fully jus tify the reduction of taxation which he condemns. By this one series of remarks the writer shows _ . himself thoroughly ignorant of the phenomena he _ ._ writes about ; and if — the whole of the elaborate essay on Whig and Tory finance be like this spe cimen, it may, in one sentence, be characterised as a farrago of nonsense. In another part of The Sun will be found an ex tract of a despatch from the Marquia of No NBY to a Captain HOBSON, who appeals to be her Majesty's Ambassador, or Representative, at the Court of the New Zealand Chiefs. We foresee that this despatch, interfering, as we think, with the rights of parties already located in that island, and with those who have proceeded thither, will produce no pleasant feelings. We shall not now inquire into the right of the Colonial Office to ap propriate New Zealand, or to stipulate in any man ner the conditions on which it is to be occupied; but the avowed motives for the despatch will expose it to much criticism. They are thus expressed : " It is an object of the first importance that the alienation of the unsettled lands within its limits shall be conducted from its commencement upon that system of sale of which experience has proved the wisdom, and the disregard of which has been so fatal to the prosperity of other British settlements." The Marquis of NORMA N- By, therefore, is a convert to the WAKEFIELD scheme of colonization. Now, it is one of the strongest arguments against that scheme that it cannot succeed as long as people can get land with out paying for it. To the success of the WAKE FIELD scheme it is indispensable that people can go nowhere else but to colonies where they must pay for land. It continues over them the power of that very aristocracy from which they perhaps seek to escape. The Marquis of NORMA.NEY is led astray we are afraid by the WAKEFIELD crotchet, as Mr. Fox MAULE was entrapped by the HAWES' crotchet ; and his despatch goes to check colonization elsewhere, in order to promote the success of the colonies where the land is sold by those who have no more claim to it than they have to the Moon. An Evening Contemporary, which seems an advocate of Mr. WAKEFIELD'S scheme, explains the matter more fully : " It is obvious that in countries so contiguous as New South Wales and New Zealand, the wages of labour mus approach to a common level ; and that if the settlers pro ceeding to New Zealand were permitted to take possession of the lands of that country without being made to contri bute their due proportion towards a labour fund, they would obtain the large supply of labour which they will require at the expence of the emigration funds of the adjoining colonies." Thus, to keep up the factitious prosperity in the colonies founded on the scheme of selling the land, no other scheme can be tolerated in their neigh bourhood. It is the Popery of colonization. The conduct of Dr. LUSIIINGTON is severely animad verte d upon in a letter of Mr. JOHN Cimps, whi c h appears i n another column. Th e Learned Judge has decided that a Church-rate is not invalidated by the omission of rateable property, even if the property so omitted should be of consi derable value. This may be law —good Church-rate l aw —for aught that we know, but it is on the face o f it inconsistent with equity and common sense. I t appears also to be equally inconsistent with the SUN S LONDON, 'WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, ie:39 well-considered and solemn opinion of a very erudite civilian professionally delivered not much more than eighteen months ago, that civilian ly-ing no less a personage than STEPHEN LUSIIING TON, D.C.L. It appears from the letter to which we have alluded, that on the 10th of February, 1838, Dr. LusHINGTON put his signa ture to the following " opinion" on the very point in question, the italics, be it observed, being his own :—" If the party sued can prove that persons liable to be rated are omitted in the rate, or that they, the parties sued, are assessed at a higher rate in proportion or value than other per sons rated, the rate is invalid and cannot be reco vered, but tenants of the glebe are not liable to be rated." And again :—" If, as I have already said, any person be omitted justly liable to be as sessed, the suit must be dismissed, provided the person omitted was liable for any sum worth in serting. Ido not say a rate would be invalidated when the omission was for such a sum as sixpence, but almost any sum would be sufficient to invali date a rate when there is an omission. In such case, I think the party proceeded against would be entitled to costs." Now here we have a learned pundit, without the least hesitation or misgiving, laying down the law as it bears upon a point of the greatest importance to the community, and what does he tell us—this sage interpreter of canonical jurisprudence ? First, that an unequal or disproportionate rating cannot for a moment stand in law ; secondly, that a rating in which there is an omission of rateable property, of however small an amount—almost as low as the value of sixpence—is as invalid as the former ; and, thirdly, that the omission of property, even of a large amount, does not invalidate a rate ! We do not profess to be able to explain such con tradiction as this. Dr. LUSHINGTON must either be very ignorant of his business, or he must be actuated by very base motives. Our Correspondent inclines to the latter opinion. He seems to think that the Learned Gentleman has political reasons for blowing cold on the abolition of Church -rates, and that (he) bends his legal opinions, or rather adapts his judicial functions, to the supposed views of the Ministry. We are not disposed to take this view of the case. We recollect, however, that the Tory Lords refused last Session to allow him 4,0001. per annum as the salary of his new office principally on account of what they called his violent partizan ship. The 4,0001. may be granted hereafter, si se bene gesserit. We refrain for the present from making any re mark upon the notes addressed by Lord HOWARD DE WALDEN, to a Member of the Portuguese Government, published in The Sun of last night, in order that his Lordship may have an oppor tunity of tendering some explanation regarding them. As they stand now before the world, they exhibit the picture of an English diplomatist, from which all honest men must turn with feel ings of commingled contempt, detestation, and abhorrence. We trust that for his own sake, and for the honour of his country, Lord HOWARD DE WALDEN is prepared to remove the impression which the conduct of a Minister is calculated to make, who, by an under-hand trick, or rather by a species of treason against his Government, instructs an enemy how to render his official measures abor tive, in a case where such measures have for their object the amelioration of the human race by the extinction of slavery. Some six weeks ago we called the attention of our readers to the system of Banking in Scotland, and more particularly to the strange and mischievous anomaly of the law, in permitting the issue of small notes in one part of the kingdom, and prohibiting them in another ; and at the same time urged the propriety of placing England on an equal footing with Scotland. It appears from all we can learn that this will be done sooner than was anticipated. In the City, yesterday, a general opinion prevailed among the best informed merchants that the finan cial affairs of the country cannot go on under the present system, without causing absolute ruin to numerous classes, and that the only remedy is an Order in Council for the issue of small notes. This impression, or rather conviction, is not confined to the City—it pervades the mercantile and agricul tural interest throughout the country, and if no speedy change takes place, and the Government refrain frotn interfering, the mea sure will be forced on them by meetings and peti tions from all quarters: Whatever the consequence may be, we cannot see how the step can be avoided. The Bank probably has not more than 2,000,0001. of specie in its coffers. There will be a fresh drain for the payment of foreign corn, which will speedily exhaust that sum, and all that the Americans are disposed, or able to send us, will not make up half the deficiency. It is needless to attempt conceal ment longer. The evil must be met fearlessly by the Government and the Bank, and the country will support them. It is well-known that even in the most favourable circumstances the amount of gold in the United Kingdom is only a trifle compared with the vast property which, according to PEEL'S Bill, it is made to represent. We have often been astonished at the reckless decisions of some of the paid Magistrates, and the scrupulous anxiety they evince to carry into effect the letter of the law, however opposed to justice, equity, or common sense. The case of the Ham p stead publican, which we noticed the other day, is an admirable instance. He was fined for furnishing dinner to parties journeying from London to that place on Sunday, by one of the new paid Magis trates, Mr. CODD, who is not a lawyer, and who inflicted the fine in direct contradiction to the deci sion of two Magistrates of long experience. Here at least is a doubtful case, yet a judgment is given which does not tend to the better observance of Sunday, and which amounts to the confiscation of the unfortunate publican's property. Those that cannot dine at Hampstead will dine at Richmond or Woolwich till the blessings of the new Act extend to these places, and then they will go beyond its limits—to Gravesend and other towns on the river, where the local Magistrates have a common feeling with their fellow-citizens. These petty acts of legislation, the fining of muffin boys, and orange women, and publicans, and others, for doing what is really useful to the public, and what constitutes no crime or offence, are a disgrace to the present times. A revulsion must ensue, which will not tend either to the benefit of the Government or the better observance of Sunday. The Times of this morning, has got an evasive, shuffling, bullying defence of its deliberately con cocted and deliberately repeated falsehood, concern ing Mr. H. ELLts, Sir JOHN NEWPORT, and the Reform of the Exchequer in 1834. The charge formerly was, that Mr. ELLIs did all the duties of the Comptroller of the Exchequer, for 1,400/. a year, for which Sir JOHN NEWPORT received 2,000/., while Mr. Ews obtained a retiring pen sion equal to his salary. To-day it slinks away from that charge, and asserts, that Mr. ELLIS did the business of the Pells-office. Granted. But the Pelts and the other offices of the Exchequer, none of which were of efficient control, were all abolished in 1834, on the recommendatio n of a Commission, and with the approbation of the states men of all parties. In consequence of that recom mendation and abolition, Mr. Ews, an old pub lic servant, received a pension of 1,4001. a year. It is totally false, therefore, to repeat, as the Times does this morning, that Sir JOHN NEW PORT was shoved into Mr. Ews's office. Several offices, including the Clerkship of the Pells, were then abolished, a totally new office was created ; for that office, in the first instance, not Sir JOIIN NEWPORT, but Lord AUCKLAND, was intended. The Times may endeavour, by the un popular name of Mr. RICE being now connected with the Comptrollership of the Exchequer, to mis represent the transaction in 1834, but we repeat that the description which it has given was a pal pable misrepresentation, of which the writer was conscious while he indited it. It is not true that " the Clerkship of the Pells, for which the country paid 1,400/. a year, has been transmogrified into the Comptrollership of the Exchequer, for which the same country now pays 4,400/. a year." We separate the transaction of 1834 entirely from the transaction of 1839, which appears to have been entered into for the convenience of Lord MONT EAGLE ; and all the blustering of the Times will not clear it of the charge of having deliberately written and repeated a false description of the for mer, which was creditable to the statesmen who completed it. If t h e Ministers had done all which the Times has laid to their charge, they would only have fol lowed the example of the Tories. Out of its re- There is hardly any portion of the internal polity of a nation more important than that which relates to the management of prisons, for upon this man agement it entirely depends whether prisons become effective instruments for suppressing, or for in creasing crime. Till within a very late period little attention has been bestowed on the subject by the Legislature of this country. Imprisonment wasknown to be the punishment awarded for certain offences, and at the end of the allotted term, when the culprit was liberated, it was said that he had satis fied the claims of the law. Persons only accused or suspected of crimes were also known to be com mitted to prison, for safe custody, until they should in due course be brought to trial, or until evidence should be furnished to show whether there were grounds for bringing them to trial or not. IVlulti tildes of unfortunate debtors, too, everybody knew, were thrown into prison because their creditors pleased it should be so ; but nobody knew, or seemed to think it necessary to inquire, what was the effect of our prison system in a moral point of view. To judge from the indifference manifested re specting the result of that system as it affected the community, one would almost be led to conclude that vice, declaimed against in the pulpit, and de nounced through the Press, as the most contagious of all diseases, lost its characteristic quality, and became perfectly innoxious when conßned within the walls of a gaol. There was no classification of the wretched inmates—no distinction made be tween the degrees of guilt—no regard paid to dif ference of age, character, or other circumstances. The youth caught in his first deviation from recti tude, found himself in close and habitual association with the confirmed profligate ; the boy of ten years, with the old adept in crime —offenders of all de scriptions, were crowded together in one promiscu ous and festering mass, the natural tendency of hich was to be corrupted down to the temperature of the worst of its component parts. It is easy to imagine —or rather difficult not to see---that the most pernicious consequences must have resulted to society from the long continuance of such an evil as this, which has studded the land with schools of vice and nurseries of crime, under the denomination of prisons, and on the pretence, forsooth, of vindicating the majesty of the law ! Each of these public dens of corruption was, as a matter of course, the centre or radiating point from which a moral pestilence spread throughout its particu!ar district. The extent of the mischief produced by this demoralising influence among the poorer classes of the population, it is impossible to calculate. That it must be enormous there cannot be a doubt. The simple fact stated in the Report of the Prison In spectors of the Home District, which we have pub lished in our Paper of this day, that upwards of 120,000 persons passed through the gaols of England and Wales during the last year, must impress a melancholy conviction on the most incredulous mind. There is, however, ground to hope that the evil has attained its maximum, if it be not already on the de cline. The public attention has been awakened to the subject, and the Government seems to be aware of the necessity of making such alterations as will, we trust, in time, convert prisons, from what they now are, the worst of moral nuisances, into instruments of reformation. This process must necessarily be slow, but it is gratifying to see that the first steps have been taken, and that such ameliorations as depend upon a better construction of prisons, the classification of prisoners, separate confinement, and other arrangements of a like tendency, are to a certain extent, already in progress. The Government is, indeed, more than ever hound to watch over the working of the prison system, anti to improve it to the utmost possible point, as the effect of some late erroneous legislation, by which trivial offences are magnified into crimes, will, we fear, be to multiply the inmates of the gaols in the most extensive and populous dis trict of the kingdom. But although much good may be accomplished by a thorough reform in our prison system, let us never forget that, in order to give an effectual and permanent check to crime, we must educate the class which chiefly produces the criminals. Ignorance is the root of the upas tree, and to this the axe must be laid ; for, until it be extirpated, it will, in spite of all our nibbling at the branches, bud and bring forth its baleful fruit abundantly. It is to the education of the children of the poor, that Reformers, whether moral or political, must bend their efforts—not that education, falsely so called, which is limited to reading, writing, and the elements of arithmetic ; but that which imparts those habits of industry, and that moral training in the season of youth which alone can fit the pupil in after life for the due per formance of his duties as a social being. Letters and papers from Madrid of the 23 ult. have been just received. The news from Arragon is very afflicting. CABRERA was scouring the country in every direction, committing the most frightful atrocities, rather with a view to collect treasure than to retain possession of any territory in the name of the Pretender. According to the prevailing opinion in Madrid th e C ar li st G e neral has already amassed money, plate, and jewels to an enormous amount, and that his main object now is to escape with it out of the kingdom. He has made large remittances to Nice, and it was supposed that he had availed himself of every opportunity afforded him of negociating money transactions with bankers in Holland, Frankfort, and Paris. The Spanish Government, however, entertained the most sanguine hopes of the speedy pacification of the whole Peninsula, now that ESPARTERO IS preparin g to direct his arms against CABRERA. The following despatch from that General to the Minister of War, published in the Madrid Gazette of the 22d, at once assured the Cortes and the people that nothing was to be feared from the pro traction of the contest in Arragon and Catalonia : ‘• General Command of the United Annies.-office of Secretary of Campaign. _ " Excellent Sir—The pacification of Navarre and the Basque provinces will be complete, I expect, in a few ( Lys, as the course of events continues to be most prospe rous and without interruption. I have already informed your Excellency that after the action of the 14th instant at the Puerto de Urdax, which compelled the Pretender and his family to enter France with the troops near his person, four Navarrese battalions had also entered through Olarte. " Yesterday three other Navarrese battalion s , w hi c h were under the orders o f Z a ri a tegui, dissolved themselves in Burguete and Espinal, their commander giving them their choice to return to their homes or to follow him to France ; in consequence of which all the men belonging to the ranks adopted the former course, the chiefs and officers going with him to France besides . one hundred cavalry of the squadron of Manolin with their arms and equipments. " Gen. Don Diego Leon, Conde de Belascoain, march e d on the 16th up on ß or d a de Inigo with orders to possess him self of that fort, which he found abandoned yesterday, the 17th, with three pieces of artillery, mounted, a considerable quantity of shot, munitions, provisions, and other military stores. The whole has been conveyed to Pamplona, leav ing a garrison in th e f ort, an d some troops to patrol the surrounding country, and collect the arms of all those who have returned to their houses " Gen. Don F e li pe Rivers; Commander -Gen. of the di vision of the Royal Guard, is m arching to take posse;sion of the fort of the by the Dos Hermanos, having received orders Lto take with way of precaution, two pieces of bat tering artillery, although I entertain no doubt but it will surrender at the approach of our troops. " General Don Ramon Castaneda, who, with the fourth division under hi s command, penetrated by the B orunda, is now before E ste ll a, which will shortly fall into our hands, as will also the Castle of Guevara, now blockaded for some da3s by Don Gregorio Piquero, Commander. General of the province of Alava. " General Don Miguel Arechevala has completed the disbanding of the Biscaya n division, and that importart province is now in a state of perfect tranquillity. So also is that of Guip uscoa ; and Nlajor- General lion Miguel . Aroaz moving ab out i n that part of t h e frontier as far as Vera, whilst in this quarter the same is being done by Brigadier Don Joaquin Bayorra to clear it completely, and to arrange the establishment of provisional custom houses on the above frontiers. " Such, your Excellen cy , is the satisfactory aspect pre sented by the country which before was the focus and prin cipal theatre of thewar. The people now enjoy the benefits of peace, under the protection of the army commanded by me, while those who have gone to their homes are in pos session of that tranquillity so much desired by them. " I expect to be able very shortly to march upon Aragon with a respectable force, which I expect will contribute probation of Tory practices, however, flows a moral which they would do well to remember. They may act on Tory principles, but they will not be allowed to have Tory rewards. A healthier tone of public morality prevails than under the Tory regime, and all the Tory newspapers will now join the Liberal journals in reprobating all political jobs. It will therefore not be in the power of the Ministers, if they adopt Tory principles, to insure for themselves and their adherents the same ad vantages as rewarded the Tories for their political villanies. powerfully to the complete extermination of the rebel forces in that quarter ; and to proceed afterwards to Catalonia if necessary. God preserve your Excellency many years. " DUKE DE LA VICTORIA. " Head-quarters, Elisondo, Sept. 18. " To his Excellency the Minister of War, &c." The Cortes met daily, but no business of impor tance engaged their attention. On all sides a dis position was manifested of making as few altera tons as possible in the fueros of the Basque Pro vinces, several of the ultra-Liberal Members having signified an intention to support the pacific policy of the Government, by maintaining in all its in tegrity the treaty of Bergara. This fact has been communicated by the following telegraphic dispatch to the French Government : BAYONNE, SEPT. 28. The Commander (Mathieu) Writes me that M. Laffitte received on the 27th the intelligence that the Commission named by the Cortes for the examination of the question of the fueros, has decided by a great majority for their maintenance. This is a great point gained, and we trust will be favourably received by both branches of the Legis lature. There is no other news in the Spanish Papers, save that a courier from Paris arrived in Madrid on the night of the 22d, with important despatches for the Foreign Minister. • There is no news of political interest in the Paris papers, unless we attach political importance to the gratifying announcement that the price of corn is lower than it was during the early part of last week. The following is the statement to this ef fect, which appears in the Moniteur of Monday : " The accounts we have received on the subject of wheat and flour, state that not much business is doing, and that the average price is beginning to come down. The millers cannot find buyers without makini , a diminution of a franc upon the price of last week. Corn has fallen in the markets of Houdan, Abbeville, and Vic-sur-Aisne. At Caen there were many eager sellers at the last quotations, and there is abundance of corn in the market. In Flanders the high prices still continue. There has been no change in the markets of the Vienne and the Deux-Fevres." Lord HOWDEN addressed the following letter to the Editor of the Journal des Debats on the sub ject of a stupid pamphlet, entitled, " The Cri sis in France," attributed to the pen of Lord BROUGHAM:— " Sir,—A pamphlet has lately appeared, which the ma jority of the journals attribute to Lord Brougham. He has requested me, in consequence, to give all publicity to the following letter : I have learned with the greatest surprise that they attribute to me at Paris a pamphlet on the affairs of France. I do not know the title, and still less have I written it—and, according to what I have heard,' nothing can be more dia metrically opposed to all my ideas than its contents.' " Receive, Mr. Editor, the expression of my distin guished consideration. " The Colonel Baron HowDEN, Peer of England." A letter of the 25th ult. from Toulon states that 900 men of the 41st regiment of the line embarked that morning for Africa. The remainder of the regiment was to be ready to sail for Algiers on the following Monday. The 3(1 Marine Regiment ar rived at Toulon on the same day from Mandrier. The following is from a letter from Algiers of the 24th of September :—" You have heard of a proposed expedition from Algiers to Constan tine, by way of Setif and Hamm, for the purpose of opening the great route by land between these two cities. Some decisive stroke is preparing. Already 600 baggage mules are ordered for the Ist of October, and the officers have received orders to have their full complement of horses in readiness." The writer goes on to enumerate other appearances of some vast project being on foot, and concludes with noticing a few of the difficulties in the way of its successful completion, such as bad roads, sickness, and the approach of the rainy season. All was then a mystery, but he expected that a fort night would suffice to raise the veil in which the project was envel o p e d. v The KING and the Royal Family will remain for some time longer at Foutainbleau. Several of the Ambassadors, the iVlinisters, and other persons of distinction are on visits to their MAJESTIES. The Temps denies that passports have been granted to the PRETENDER to leave France, or that the subject was so much as mooted by any member of the Government. The latest accounts from Switzerland represents the Tory and Radical parties in the Republic as greatly exasperated against each other. It was feared that foreign intervention would become neces sary. BOURSE.—PAitts, MONDAY, SEPT. 30. First Highest Lowest Last Price Price. Price. Price French 5 per Cents i :0 iro ... 110 60 ... 110 4 0 ... 1,0 4 0 44, per Cents lO4 • 50 ... 101 50 ... 104 50 ... 104 50 4 per Cents lOl 40 ... li , l 40 ... 101 40 ... 101 40 3 per Cents Bl ... 81 ... 80 90 ... 80 95 Bank of trance 2792 50 .4792 50 ...2752 50 ...2792 50 Lattitte Bank I,ooof. Sh 1062 50 —.1065 ...1062 50 —1665 5,000 f. 6h 521'0 ...52.0 ...5220 ...5220 Belgian 5 per Cents 103% ... 103% ... 103% ... 103% Bank 7BO ... 780 ... 750 ... 7SI Spanish Ac , ive Passive 7% ... 7% ... 7% ... 7% New nclerred Old Deferred 8 ... 8 ... 8 ... 8 Portuguese 3 per Cents ... 23% ... 23 ... 23% Neavolitan Roman lO3 ... 103 ... 102% ... 1024 ItAILWA Y SHARES. St. Germain Versailles, R. B 530 ... 530 ... 530 ... 530 LB. 3OO ... 302 50 ... 295 ... 295 Havre Strasburg to Bale 3lO ...:330 ... 310 ... 310 Mulhausen to Thann 375 ... 375 ... 375 ... 375 AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—Vmwsrs, Siwr 21; Five per Cents. Mutalliques Four per Cents. Three par Cents. Bank Shares 1542 —Allgemeine Zeitung. Sept. 28.1 Arrivals this morning —French mail, ship letters from St. Vincent, Hobart Town, and Batavia. THE FUNDS. PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCIc, Paid. Per Share. National Bank of Ireland COURSE OF EXCHANGE, YESTERDAY. Amsterdam C.F. I'2 ii 4*ihraitar 4B Ditto, at sight RottertlAirt °U. 12 6% . Genoa .. Antwerp... Hamburg.. 51.8. 13 13S', , Venice Altona ... Paris, 3 days' sight 25 15 Palermo . ..... ............per oz. 120% Ditt0....... ........ ...3 Ma 25 75 Lisbon 53% Marseille.. Bourdeaux Frankfort on 51ainG., lix.lll. 1514 Bahia P.ttershingh, ruble... 3 Us. 38 Buenos Ayres Berlin Vienna, effective 0...3 51 lO 7 i Philadelphia 46 Tricite ditto lO 8 PRICE OF' BULLION, per OZ. Itadrid 36% Portugal Gold, emn.....40 0 0 Cadiz 36% Foreign Gold, in bars... 318 0 B lboa .... 0 0 B mrce'ona 36 N ew Dollars 0 10% S !Trifle 36 Silver in Bars HALF-PAST ONE. By the accounts from Liverpool this morning it is stated that the crops and weather in Lancashire has been such as to inspire the cheering hope that the da mage done to the harvest p ro d uce b y t h e late rains may yet be repaired ; on the whole, it appears that it has been a glorious week for the harvest, the bulk of the wheat has been cut and housed, and most of it of prime quality. There was rather an improvement yesterday in the Foreign Exchanges, particularly in Paris and Amster dam. It has been rather a dull morning for commercial affairs, and speculating in the various funds. Money also continues scarce, at the same rates we quoted yes. terday, and the British Market at present has rather a heavy appearance. Consols, which were in the early part of the morn ing at 901 for the Account, have receded to b9Ol Consols at present 90i for Account ; Exchequer Bills improved 2 4 1, Idis. ; India Bonds, 3 dis. In the Foreign Market, Spanish Active has been fluctuating during the morning from 301 to 291, at which price they are now ; Portuguese, 351 ; Colom bian, 311 ; Mexican, 31,i ; Dutch Two-and-a-Half per Cents,, 53i ; Five per Cents., 1001 ex div. Both Markets are heavy, prices lower. LLOYD'S SHIPPING.--(THIS DAY.) DEAL, OCT. I.—Wind E. LIVERPOOL, OCT. I.—Wind S.— Arrived the Gassy_ pium from Dalhousie. Sailed, the Matilda, R owe, for Calcutta— ; Willow Wood, Russell, Monte Vid eo; Argen tine, Kelso, ditto : Spencer, Smith. Berbiee ; Joven Elena, Luranaga, Hav2nna; Lions, Aigu, New Orlean s; Charleston; Walter, roulck, Phila. Greenhow, Ogilvie, delphia ; Wanderer, Sabor, St. John's, New Brunswick; Rattlesnake, Rainer, Venice. Off port, the Ann, Creighton, from Bombay. PORTSMOUTH, OCT. I.—Wind N. E. to E. S. E. Off port, the Comet, Rake, from New York. Sailed, the Antoinette Maria, Wapp, f or B atavia; Emma Theresa, Lounty, Charleston. PLYMOUTH, OCT. 1.--Wind E.N.E Off . port, the Isabella, Denning, from Batavia. breezesourn to . SEPT. 30 . —Wind S. E S.E., fresh OFF THE WIGUT, SEPT. 30 . --Arrived the Adele, Cor nelCOWES,lissen, fr CT om R 1 o_Spheroid, W a lk er, St. Vincent's. Janeiro. Oct .Sailed th e Ob eron, Hyerth, for Rio DOVER, OCT. 1.--Sailed the Leopold, Aaen, for Port au- Prince. • 4 LYSIINGTON, OCT. Arrived the Cheviot, Young, from Hobart Town ; William D'Este, Piper, Batavia. CONCLUSION OF THE MARYLE BONE REGISTRATION.-(THIS DAY.) IMPORTANT JUDGMENT IN THE CASE OF THE HOLDERS OF THE PRESENTATION BY THE QUEEN TO ST. KA- THEIIINE'S HOSPITAL. This morning Mr. Falconer, the barrister appointed to revise the lists for the borough of Marylebone, con cluded his labours at the Vestry Rooms of St. Pancras in Gordon-square, and gave judgment (which he had reserved from yesterday) in the important question in volving the right of the Master and Brethren of St. Katherine's Hospital, Regent's -park, to be on the list of voters for the borough. The Learned Barrister said he had well weighed and considered the arguments which had been adduced on both sides on the previous day, and his opinion was, that the Master and Brethren must be treated as ten ants, and they were, therefore, not improperly placed on the list as tenants. It is an extraordinary fact that upon the present case being brought before Mr. Shadwell last year, that Learned Gentleman disallowed the objection, upon the ground that the Master and Brethren of St. Katherine were " owners" of the property of the Corporation. This decision has made an alteration of five names in the list. MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS CITI, TWELVE O'CLOCK. LIVERPOOL COTTON MARKET, TUESDAY.—We have no alteration to note in the cotton market to-day. The sales are upwards of 3,000 bags, at steady prices, chiefly to the trade. From Hobart Town Papers received to the Ist of June : " An abstract of the revenue and expenditure of the colony, for the quarter ending 31st March, 1839, as compared with the corresponding quarter of tho year preceding, has been published in this week's Gazette, and exhibits an increase of 4,538/. in the former, and a decrease of 1,774/. in the latter, which, added to the former sum, will make us gainers of 6,3121. on the whole amount of the quarter of 1838. The Customs and Post-office both exhibit an increase ; but the largest items by which we exceed the quarter of 1838 consist first of the fees paid in by the Registrar of the Su preme Court, against which we see three significant figures expressive of nothing in the first quarter of the former year. The excess of revenue over expenditure for the first quarter of this year is 1,122/. We have no doubt it will go on increasing. The proceeds of sale on Government property amount to 2,338/. " We have received Port Phillip papers to the 16th May. The Quarter Sessions had commenced. The Gazette contains several statistical details to prove the unexampled progress the colony has made since its foundation, when compared with other settlements in this quarter of the globe. " Hobart Town Market at present is in an un settled state, and buyers of wheat and other produce for exportation are rather cautious. Wheat has fallen Is. per bushel since yesterday ; the best wheat is there fore 14s. per bushel. Potatoes are also a trifle under last week's price. Best apples 11/. per ton. Every other article of market produce at last week's quota tion." (From Sydney Papers t o th e 6 t h M ay. ) 66 MARKETS, FRIDAY, MAY 3.—The supply this morning was fully equal to the demand, but as yet there are no remarkable alterations in the prices of produce in general. Garden stuff may be said to be cheaper, because the quantity of the various articles is much better. The wheat and flour market may now be looked upon as on the decline. By the last two arrivals from Hobart Town we have received 3,559 bushels of Wheat, besides other kinds of Grain. Wheat may now be said to be worth little more than 12s. to 12s. 6d. per bushel. No sales of consequence have been effected during these three days. " Tea has been raised to an enormous price in conse quence of a rumour that the trade with China has been stopped. The importation during the week amount to upwards of 9,000 chests from China, and about 200 from Hobart Town and Launceston. " The accounts from all parts of the interior contain the most flattering reports of the fall of rain, which has been productive of great good." (Posted at the North and South American Coffee house.) " BA TA VIA, JUNE 1 2.—Dear Sir—We have to communicate the unpleasant intelligence of the loss of the Siam, with a valuable cargo, bound to this place Singapore, and Manilla, on the south coast of Java, not far eastward of Java Head, on the Bth instant ; captain, passengers, and crew saved ; and carried here in a French vessel. No property saved, not even the baggage: of the passengers ; the vessel went to pieces almost immediately after she struck." Consols, which left off yesterday at 90i Money, and 901 for the Account, opened at the same prices this morning ; Exchequer Bills at 5 3 dis. ; Bank Stock, for the opening, 186 187 ; India Stock, 247 249. In the Foreign Market, Spanish, which closed at 291 30, has rather improved to 30i i ; Portuguese, 351 36 ; Three per Cents., 23124/ ; Colombian, 314. ; Mexi can, 314- 32 ; Dutch Two-and•a-Half per Cents., 53' j . . PhICES OF STOCKS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. I per Ceut. Cons. 3y,, per Cent — i Old Annuities — Ditto Red. - ... t-s New Ditto New 3Yi per Cent. ...... ..97%%%% 13 per Cent. Annuities, 1751 New 5 per Cent. -Exch. Bills, £l,OOO ... 2 4 1 d s Bank Long Annuities toexpire Ditto 500... 2 4 1 dis Jan. 5, 1860. .......... ...... Ditto Small 2 dis par. Oct. 10, 1859 -- Ditto Commercial — Ills Jan. 5, 186(1 — Ditto Advertised ..... pot. Jan. 5, 1880 — Bank Stock for Account ... April 5, 1880 lndia Stock for Account ... Jan. 5. 1870 — Consos for Account 9O ' N% PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Austrian Bonds Peruvian Bonds — Belgian Bonds Ditto Account Brazilian Bonds Ditto Account — Ditto Acc•uti . 36 ( ~,4 N 21'7 , ,, Buenos Ayres Bonds ...... ta u 3.3 i 4 I Ditto Account Ditto Account Prussian Bonds Chilian Bonds D:tto Accon. t —l Russian Bonds, 1822 li 1 % Columbian Bonds Ditto Account — Ditto Account Columbian Bonds, 1824.... 31% : Spanish Bonds ^30% 29%% Ditto Account . Ditto Account.3o%l,‘,% t 29% N Danish Bonds Ditto Account —, Deferred l4 % Greek Bonds — French, 5 per cent. —t. c. Ditto Bonds, 1825 _ .--___ 4 per cent. Ditto Account - 3 per cent. f. —c Mexican Bonds, 5 per Cent — ----. Exchange. —f. —c Ditto Account Dutch, 2% per cent. Ditto, 6 per Cent 31% , Ditto Account WI Ditto Account Neapolitan • Ditto Account.... ...... THE MARKETS.-(THIS DAY.) CORN-EXCHANGE. There was very little English Corn fresh up, but of Foreign Wheat and Oats the quantities were good. The best parcels of English Wheat obtained Monday's prices, but for tender samples there was scarcely any sale. Other grain as previously reported. The Flour trade has been very dull this week. The duty on Foreign Wheat will be 10s. Sd. next week, and large entries have therefore been made at the Custom-house. Wheat. English ..... :2,0 0 ors, Irish Foreign ______24B9 ARRIVALS. Barley. 0 irs. I Oita. Flour. 840 irs 1,150 acks - brls. ......... ),320 }2,72u NENVGATE 'AND' LEADENHALL. The supplies of killed Meat were very large-the demand (lull, and prices rather lower. Beef 3s. to 3s. Gd. ; Mutton, 3s. Bd. to 4s. ; Lamb 4s. 4d. to 4s. 10d. ; Veal 3s. Bd. to 4s. Bd. ; Pork 3s. 6d. to 4s. 8(1. Poultry and Game in large supply, but trade dull, and prices unvaried. Leverets 2s. to ; Geese os. to Bs.; Chickens Is. 6d. to 2s. ; Fowls, 2s. 6d. to 45.; Rabbits, 9d. to Is. Id.; Pigeons 3d. to 6d. ; Hares 3s. to 4s. ; Turkey Poults 4s. to 6s. 6d. ; Grouse 2s. 6d. to 4s. ; Eggs ss. 6d. to 6s. 6d. per 120. BILLINGSGATE MARKET. Good supplies of most kinds of Fish except Turbot. Trade steady. Good Salmon, ls. 6d. to 2s. per lb. ; Soles, 9d. to 3s. Gd. per pair; Lobsters, 10(1. to 3s. Gd. ; Turbot very scarce ; Oysters, 12s. to 40s. per bushel ; Whitings, sd. to 10d. ; and Haddocks, Is. to 2s. Gd. METAL MARKET. Large supplies of East India Tin have caused prices to decline 2s. 6d. to 3s. per cwt., fine quality being sold at 70s. to 70s. 6d., and since then at 70s. Ronca, nominal, at 775. Spelter firm, and sells well. Spanish Lead secured a business at from 171. ss. to 171. 103. But little doing in Copper. Other descriptions of Metals as formerly quoted, and languid rather than otherwise. SILK MARKET. There has been a good demand of late for Bengal and Chinese descriptions, and rather advanced prices have been paid for the finer kinds of Teatlec. Italian descriptions move off steadily, and very firm prices have been obtained. MR. ARNOTT'S LECTURE AT THE KING'S Cow:Gr.—The Introductory Lecture to the Medical Classes at the King's College was delivered yesterday by Mr. Arnott, the Professor of Surgery. The such euce was numerous and attentive. The discourse was worthy of them, and promises well for the instruction the young men will receive and the success of the teacher. It was rich in good advice and in sound views of the duties of medical men. Than Mr. Arnott no person is better calculated to impress such duties on the minds of his pupils, for no surgeon performs them better. It is the general remark of the profession, and of those who have come into contact with him, that a more careful, conscientious, as well as skilful practitioner does not exist in the metropolis. He, therefore, could most appropriately recommend duties he most carefully per forms. The discourse was rich, too, in scientific il lustrations, and in the history of the medical art. A disquisition on the Origin and Dates of Hospitals, enabled the Lecturer to contrast the want of humanity amongst the nations of antiquity, particularly the Romans, those much-vaunted military barbarians, with the humane practices of the modern and the Christian world. It will be as well to add, considering what uncharitable opinions proceed from that religious party amongst us with which King's College is more imme diately connected, that Mr. Arnott traced the establish ment of hospitals up to the charitable services of the Catholic priesthood. St. Bartholomew's was originally connected, he said, with a priory ; so, likewise, was St. Thomas's, both hospitals having been in existence cen turies before the time of Henry the Eighth. In an account of the studies which a medical pupil should follow, was interwoven a description of what the King's College does for medical instruction ; and the addition of an hospital to the establishment enables the professors now to give those practical lessons at the bedside of the sick, which the Lecturer described as giving life to instruction. If all the lectures at King's College are like Mr. Arnott's opening lec ture, great utility will result from the institution, and it will obtain a well-merited reputation. The Speaker of the House of Commons, who is Colonel of the North Hants Yeomanry ; Sir William lleathcote, Bart., M.P., M a j or ; and the officers of the corps, will give a grand b a ll an d supper to t h e n obility and gentry of the county on M on d ay next , a t St. John's House, Winchester. EVVININ EDITION' MONEY MARKET and CITY NE WS (TUESDAY EVENING.) TIMES.—Th e opinion gains ground rapidly in the City that we are on the eve of an issue of 1/. and 2/. notes by the Bank, accompanied, probably, by an Order in Council f or a restr i ct i on o f cas h paymen ts. So clearly is the necessity seen of . one or bath of these measures, that most people here are beginning to consider them inevitable ? and direct their thoughts chiefly to the consequences which may attend them. Not only in London, but all over the kingdom, as letters received this morning from the most distant cor ners of it will attest, the same feeling prevails. Bankers, and merchants, and manufacturers, all advert to it, and either offer opinions or seek advice and guidance from their correspondents in London on the subject. Some say that the Order in Council for this purpose is already in possession of the Bank ; others, that it only a waits their call to b e f ort h com i ng ; w hil e t h e Di rec t o rs them selves allow hi n t s t o go f ort h to t h e pu bli c , p re paratory, if they hav e an y mean i ng at a ll, f or suc h a state o f things. It is useless, th ere f ore , an d wou ld b e i n j ur i ou s to the public, to t rea t thi s matter w i t h any f urt h er d e licacy or forbearance. Opinions are much divided in the city as to the re sults which m'ght follow, at this time, a suspension of cash payments. All l oo k to i t , h owever, i t nee d hardly be said, as an evil of the most serious nature. The case would be a very different one from that of 1797, as there is no war to justify it, no pressure from the Go vernment to force it on, indentifying, in fact, the Govern ment with the Bank. It would be evidence. therefore, unanswerable of the mismanagement of our monetary affairs, and would destroy our credit with foreign coun tries. In considering the possible effect at home, some mixture of hope prevails, as many imagine that trade would then be supported by almost unlimited issues; but this is prop er ly d ou b te d b y others, as t h e B an k could have no chance of righting itself in public opinion, unless by making continued exertions for a return to cash payments, and must continue, therefore, its con tracting measures. One consequence may be safely predicted, which is, that the occurrence of such an event would produce a call from the whole country for an im mediate reform in the administration of the Bank, tine probably for an abrogation of its charter. By the advices from Hamburg, the price of gold is 432 per mark, whi c h at t h e E ngl i sh Mint pr i ce of 81. 17s. 101 d. the ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13.91, and the exchange at Hamburg on London at short being 13.41, it follows that gold is 1.8 8 per cent dearer at Hatnburgh than in London. The premium on gold at Paris is 8f per mille, which, at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 10t}d, the ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25. 361, and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25.30, it follows that gold is 0.26 per cent. dearer at Paris than in London. The course of exchange at New York on London is 1081 per cent., and the par of exchange between England and America being 109 23-40 per cent., it follows that the exchange is 1.07 per cent. against England. Tile following notice was made public at the Stock Exchange to-day, relating to the Mexican Loan con version, founded on advices and decrees received by the Mexican Minister from his Government to-day by the Hope packet from Vera Cruz, with dates thence of the 3d, and from the city of Mexico of the Ist of August " TO THE COMMITTEE OF THE STOCK-EXCHANGE. " 26, Austinfriars, Oct. 1, 1839. " Gentlemen,—We beg to communicate to you, for the information of the holders of Mexican Bonds, and the public generally, that we have received by the packet Elope, a despatch from the Minister of Finance, dated Mexico, July 29, 1839, enclosing an Act of Congress con firming the agreement made by the Minister of the Re public with the bondholders in September, 1837, without alteration ; and also the decree of his Excellency the Pre sident of the Republic, dated July 29, 1839, containing the, instructions necessa r y f or conc l ud i ng the conversion, and for issuing the certificates payable at tho Custom-houses of Vera Cruz and Tampico in exchange for the coupons due on the new Mexican consolidated fund. The documents will be published as soon as translated, and meanwhile we lose no time in thus making knewn their general tenor for the satisfaction of those interested. " We have the honour, &c., " F. DE LIZARDI and CO." The late rise in Mexican Bonds was owing to intel ligence to the same effect having been previously re ceived, though not the official documents, by private letters through New York. By the usual official return published by the Customs, the exportation of the precious metals from the port of London to foreign and colonial ports, for the week end ing the 26th of September, is as under Coin to Hamburg, 4,450 ounces. Some efforts have recently been made, it appears. to establish a treaty of commerce with the republic of Hayti, through the British Consul-General there. The attempts, however, it would seem, had failed, principally, as stated, through the nature of the " re lotions and responsibilities" contracted with the French Government at the time of the late hostile demonstrations of a French squadron, which ended in an amicable arrangement. From this it may be gathered that particular stipulations in favour of French commerce were entered into, to the exclusion, and therefore the damage, of British interests. The more special grievance which led to the threatened hostilities on the part of France was the cessation of the payment of interest on the Haytian Loan Deg' dated at Paris. It will be recollected that one of the causes most ostent a ti ous l y a ll eged against Mexico' and which ended in open war, the capture of all her trad ing craft, the bombardment of Ulloa, and the sack of Vera Cruz, was the neglect of repayment of certain loans subscribed to by French citizens resident there in common with all other foreigners. So that it ap pears to be part of the system of France to make money claims a foundation for exacting commercial pri vileges, as a commer c i a l t rea ty was b arga i ned for w.all Mexico as the price of peace, by which French com merce was to be placed on the footing of the roost fa voured nation. With Hayti more has bee'a accom plished, for the republic is d e b arre d'f rom according equal privileges to any other nation with those secured by France. Exclusive of France, so far as the fact can be understood, the Hayden Government offered to place British commerce on the same footing as that of every other the most favoured, which appears to have been declined. Were the same policy pursued by this country in respect of all States having contracted loans and other money engagements here, the conditions of which have not been fulfilled, and the interest as well as the principal of which remain, and long have re mained, unpaid, the interests of French commerce would be but indifferently served in the whole of the Spanish American States, as well as in Spain and Portugal. The Haytian Government, it is said, have in turn sent here a " counter project " of treaty, in whiob, singula r ly enough, " safeguard s " are specially intro duced " against too general, too unrestricted, and in discriminate an intercourse with our colonies." A strong repugnance is, it is added, exhibited against the " po litical spirit " prevailing in the colonies in the neigh bourhood. This may probably be attributed to the fact that peculiar privileges are reserved to Haytian traders over foreigners in the Customs' laws and com merce of the island, which, from the unreserved admis sion of the coloured inhabitants of the West India islands, would be rendered inoperative so far as the na tive-born Haytians, by a clause of the Constitution under which the definition of a Haytia,o so entitled is described, and therefore enacted, as " every African, Indian, and those who are the issue of their blood,born in the surrounding colonies, or in foreign countries, who shall reside within the republic, shall be recognised as Hoydens." The GovernmeT,t, it would seem, is not at all desirous of importing any more t ur b u l en t spirits among the n ew l y enfranehised n egroes , now i n t h e unre strained enjoyment of British freedom. CHRONICLE.-1 here was a good deal of busineai ransacted to-day in the English Stock market, but the quotations are without change. Birmingham Railway Shares were 49 to 51 prem. ; ditto, new, 16 to 17 prem. ; South Western, &P i to 3 9 i ; Great Western, 5 to 4 dis. ; Leeds and Manchester , to 9 prem. ; Manchester and Birmingham, 11 to 10 dis. ; Birmingham and Derby, 14 to 12 dis. ; Brighton, 13i to dis. ; Blackwell, IQto 4 dio. ; Greenwich, 13} to 14 per share ; Gosport Junetexi, 4. t o pron. ; and Croydon 9f to per share. The rates of exchange this afternoon have shown a tendency to advance, and are in many cases higher, al" though the alteration is not very material. Paris (short) was 25 321 to 25 371 ; ditto (three months), 25 60 to 25 65 ; Hamburg, 13 104 to 13 101 ; Amsterdam(shor t ) 12 01 to 12 11 ; ditto (three months), 12 al to 12 4 ;• Rotterdam, 12 31 to 12 41 ; Antwerp, 12 31 to 12 ; Frankfort, 150 i to 150 i ; Marseill es , 25 60 ; Ger4° B ' 25 671 to 23 70 ; Vienna, 10 31 to 10 41 ; Trieste , 10 5 to 10 6 ; Lghorn, 30 20 to 30 221 ; Naples, 401 to 40a ; Palermo, 121 ; M ess i na , 121 to 1214 ; Madrid, 37 to 374 ; Cadiz, 374 ; Li s b on , 54 to 544 and Op orto, 53i to 54. The price of gold in bars had risen t o 31 . 1 8s. per ounce standard ; silver ditto, wa s 5s Old. ; an d d o ll ars, 4s. 10 d. per oz. The export a ti on o f t h e prec i ous metals from t h e port of last, mi- London, f or t h e wee k end i ng on Saturday sisted, according to the official returns, of 2,000 ouncr.l3_ of g o ld co i n s hi pped to Petersburg; 8,320 ounce?, of silver coin to Hamburg ; and 3,526 ounces ofge,ld bars, of which 96 were sent to Petersburg, and the re mainder to Hamburgh. DUNDEE IN THE FIELD.—We are gratified to perceive that the merchants and manufacturers of the not unimportant town of Dundee, have taken the field against the cruel, impolitic, and tyrannical Corn-priva tion laws. CONVERT TO TIIE ROMAN CATHOLIC FAITH. _We understand that a daughter of Sir T. Lethbridge. 13art., has recently become a Roman C at h o li c . It 15 further said that she was driven from home in conse quence of her conversion, and th at, h er uncle hav i ng also refused to receive her, unless she abandoned her new faith, she has sought employment and obtained it from Lord Stourton, a Roman Catholic Peer, as go verness to his children.—Lancaster Guardian.