The Sun. — London, England, 1839-01-29 00:00:00

ie 'x+ LONDON: TUESDAY EVENING, JANUARY 29, 1839 . We believe there is no chance of a moderate fixcll duty on corn now being accepted by the manufactu rers. At the same time it may strengthen their deter mination to resist it, and increase the repugnance of the Legislature to adopt it, if we state some of its effects. It has very properly been objected to such a duty, that it falls with peculiar severity on the people when the crop is unusually short, and doubts have accordingly been expressed whether, under such cir cumstances, it would be possible for the Government to enforce the law against the famishing multitude. In fact, the apprehension of scarcity compelled the Government, in 1827, to admit of corn being imported by its own authority, in opposi tion to the law, for which it obtained from Parliament an Act of Indemnity. A moderate fixed duty would put a considerable sum into the coffers of the State, but it would be taken from the pockets of the people when they could afford it least. In fact a corn tax is a tax not on luxuries but on necessaries— not on superfluities but on wants, and nothing short of the most urgen't necessity on the part of the State can warrant it in deriving a part of its revenue from the people's bread. To give such a tax to the Govern ment, which is grasping and tenacious, would tend to ensure, as the Glasgow Argus has demonstrated, the continuance of -the evil. The pretext, however, on which the moderate fixed duty is defended, namely, that the landowners of Eng land are subject to several heavy burdens, particularly tithes, an onerous impost, which the landowners of the Continent have thrown off', will enable us to demonstrate its impolicy. The amount of that impost which goes to the clergy is estimated by themselves at something more than 3,000,0001. sterling, and includ ing that which goes to laymen, it is seldom calculated at more than 6,000,0001. To levy that impost on bread, would take a much larger sum out of the pockets of the people. It is estimated that the quan tity of corn annually consumed in the United Kingdom is fifty-two million quarters. We believe it is more, but for the sake of round numbers we will take it at fifty millions. If we suppose the fixed import duty ss. per quarter, that will raise the price, according to the intention of the law, ss. per quarter on all the corn consumed in the empire, which, on the 50 million quarters, makes a round sum of 12,500,0001. levied on the price of the people's bread alone, by a protect ing duty of ss. If the protecting duty be 10s., the sum will be 25,000,000/. taken out of the pockets of the people by an enhancement of ss. on the price of every quarter of corn, to raise 3,000,0001. income for the clergy. On the last supposition the tax will be levied at an expense of 800 per cent., and on the first at an expense of 400 per cent. What a monstrous improvidence ! But this is the sum which will be levied on corn alone ; and to make the whole improvi dence of the scheme palpable, we must include all the produce of the soil. We apprehend as a rule there can be no more two rates of rent for soil similarly situated than two rates of profit ; in fact, therefore, the rise of ss. per quarter on the price of corn would, if it were operative at all, cause a corresponding rise in the price of all the produce of the soil. Now if we suppose that the corn grown on the soil is not more than one fourth of the whole produce, we must multiply the sums above mentioned by four to obtain a complete view of the gross improvidence of levying a duty on corn in order to raise a revenue for the priesthood. On the supposition of a ss. duty, the sum would be 50,000,0001., and on the supposition of a 10s. pro tecting duty the sum would be 100,000,0001. taken out of the pockets of the people in order to continue 3,000,000/. in the pockets of the priests. Now we will be bold to say that there is nothing in the ruinous system of MEHEMET All more at variance with all sound principles of political economy, than a tax which takes forty times as much from the pockets' of the people as the tax yields to those for whose benefit it is continued. INIEttEmET ALI ruins his subjects' commerce for the presumed benefit of the State, but our Legislature robs the people to pay a discredited priesthood. The protecting duty being defended on the ground that it is necessary to counterbalance the exist ence of tithes, let us remind the Irish Catholics that for them to tolerate this protecting duty is to neutralise all their own past noble exertions against the tithe system. The protecting duty will be the re-enactment, under another form, of the tithe impost. Will the Scotch Presbyterians, be trayed though they be by their pelf-loving State parsons, submit to the very worst species of tax In order to continue the tithes now paid to an Episcopal clergy ? Will they suffer tithes to be re enacted in Scotland in the shape of a tax on bread? Will the English even, priest-ridden as they now acknow ledgedly are, put up with this ? When they enter a church maintained by a tax on the people's bread, will they not fancy its floor to be paved with the bones of hand-loom weavers and starved agricultural labour ers ? Will they ever look on its walls without think- ing of the votive offerings, which in other religions are crowns, chaplets, .and garlands of flowers, and seeing in their ow►► church starving mothers and pe rishing babes. who seek nutriment in vain from the fountain of human life dried up by a cursed bread tax? No, even the English, for the sake of their humane religion, will not bear that their churches should be converted by a tax on food to keep up the tithes, into horrid temples, worthy only of Moloch. In our columns will be found a full Report of the Public Meeting called at Birmingham, to petition for the Repeal of the Corn-laws, and its termination, as decided by the Chartists, not to petition the present House of Commons. In that we see a striking evi dence of the deep-laid and wide-spread discontent of the masses. That is no longer an evanescent feeling to disappear with the first sunny clay, but a part of their minds which can no more be rooted out than the limbs can be cut from the body without grievous mutilation. We saw in the Gateshead Observer yes terday, another and still stronger indication of the exasperation of the people. A public meet ing was called at Newcastle to petition for the repeal of the Timber Duties, and against the existence or revival of impressment, in which that port is peculiarly interested, and where we know that the seamen a few years ago took an active part against impressment, but the meeting decided by a large majority that there was nothing whatever to be hoped for from the present House of Commons, and on that ground they refused to petition. The re peal of the Corn-laws, therefore, though it should be now total and immediate, will obviously come too N }hit% AR of the Legislature being on trial, as gc‘7 4 kire ...,,,,. _ -- ..., ~ -: - ~ I' : # - ?.,- : . K., ?; , fr A • = f , l e!kflSlt I i r ga - ' .; . e... 0., it appears to be already con a country, in which the Legis me despised for a long and rice of injustice, can be saved from i'i.g re i lt gt ere is yet hope for England, but not ((f THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAN, JANUARY 29, 1839. AT LONDON' 1311DGL: TO-MUI - UWW. Siorvino 53 rni • utcs afer 2 j Everlir^ lO minutes after 3 T"IS ATsiestv the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA, His Majesty the EMPEROR of RUSSIA, His Majesty the KING of PRUSSIA, having AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED several Distribu tions of Money, which (though they are NO LOTTERIES, and do NOT EXPOSE the Shareholders to Blanks) offer possibilities of obtaining LARGE FORTUNES, HEINE BROTHERS at HAMBURGH, and HEINE BROTHERS at LUBECK, _ _ are NOW SELLING SHARES for any of the said DISTRI BUTIONS of MONEY, at various prices. The Distributions contain various portions, from NINE POUNDS TO TWENTY THOUSAND POUNDS and upwards. Orders for less than 10/. cannot be attended to. Persons desirous to purchase may receive PREVIOUS to giving any order, the Prospectus and Particulars, upon addressing, WITHOUT DELAY, a line to HEINE BROTHERS at HAMBURGIL The publication of THE SUN NEWSPAPER commenced this day at 10 minutes past Three o' Clock „...... :, _,,.. -L \ r \,: d , ' ~„:.:-:•,, 0 • ...0-. • ' 4,3ikc'-7.- th:Pf.tiZ:7e% otheiwiEe. Extensively as the middle classes have at length roused themselves to act against the Corn laws, as our accounts from Yarmouth, Leicester, Bir mingham, etc., etc., prove, we certainly begin to be alarmed lest their exertions are too late, and we dread that nothing now can reconcile the people to the Government. Either they must be ruled, we are afraid, with a rod of iron, bound down in actual slavery, coerced by a military force into obedience, or the Government will be destroyed. So apparently the Times thinks, for it has got a Correspondent to contend, in opposition to the Standard—as if our once vigorous Contemporary were cowed by, the shadow of his own former power—that to abolish the Corn-laws is essential to the Conservative interest. Our Contemporary sees that the preservation of the Corn-laws will be the ruin of the Constitution, and he gives them up, though the other Tory Journals cling to them as if they must be drowned were they to let go their hold. We believe that the Conservative Times is well aware of the consequence of abolishing the Corn-laws, but in spite of its loud-mouthed at tachment to the Church and to the Tories, it is also %yell convinced that nothing else than the abolition can save the State—even if that can. The establishment of an organised body of rural police throughout England, on the plan suggested in the Letter of Lord JOHN RUSSELL to the Earl of DERBY, which will be found in The Sun of this day, is a subject demanding the gravest deliberation. There is much on the face of it to entitle it to consi deration—to recommend it to adoption ; but a people so jealous of their liberties as the Eng lish, should reflect upon the possibility of some future Minister attempting the destruction of popular rights by means of the very institution established to ensure the permanent and safe enjoyment of them. Unless a rural police were placed under parochial in stead of magisterial controul ; and unless the rate payers were solely entrusted with the power of voting the sums necessary for their support, in all cases whatsoever, we confess that we should pause before giv ing our consent to the organization of. any force capable of being made a State engine for abridging the con stitutional liberty of the people. It cannot be unknown to Lord JOHN RUSSELL, that so jealous was the Par liament of England of a standing army, even since the accession of GEORGE 111., that though threatened with a French invasion, a motion for establishing fortified gar risons to defend Plymouth and Portsmouth against the the enemy was not only rejected, but denounced as a covert attempt to lay the first stone of a structure for the maintenance of a military despotism. Though such denunciations were ridiculed by the then Ministers, strong in the purity and patriotism of their own intentions, a very few years served to convince them that the people were in the right. The innovation now recommended is much greater, and of a thousand times more consequence to the nation, than the fortifying of all the naval stations in the kingdom. As there is ample time for delibera tion, we trust that nothing will be decided hastily ; and that, above all, the people will look with a jealous eye upon any measure which directly or indirectly trenches upon the constitutional liberty of the subject. A power which the people can properly exercise themselves, should never be entrusted to any Govern ment. Despatches from Persia to the 13th of December, by way of Constantinople, have been received at the Foreign-office. The British Ambassador - (Mr. M‘NEIL), was then on his journey from Teheran to Tabriz, having been obliged a second time to break off all diplomatic intercourse with the SHAH, who, fu rious on account of his disappointment before Herat, had dared to menace the British Representative on finding himself in safety in his capital. Mr. M'NEIL is not a person to be daunted with the ebullitions of craven insolence in a condition of fancied security ; but finding that the SHAH had determined to revenge his fancied wrongs upon England by the adoption of Russian councils, he very properly withdrew from Teheran altogether, leaving Colonel SHEIL in quality of Charge d'Affaires, to watch over the interests of the British merchants and sojourners in Persia. Now we are not sorry that the Shah of PERSIA has chosen such a moment to evince his in gratitude to the very Power to whom he stands in debted for the Crown which he wears so unworthily. We believe that by this time there is a British force upon his frontier, powerful enough, if properly directed, to prevent him from playing such pranks in future, and even to seize upon and retain ample security for a Persian observance of the faith of treaties. A British settle ment on the Gulf of Persia is necessary for the pro tection of our interests, not only in Persia, but India ; and such a settlement, if properly main tained, would answer all the purposes which a patriotic but unscrupulous class of politicians anti cipate from a capricious change of Oriental dynasties. With such semi-barbarous Princes as the SHAH England cannot employ a moderate tone without sub jectin f.,* herself to a suspicion of weakness. The conciliatory language employed by European Powers in their enlightened diplomatic intercourse would be regarded in the East as a relinquishment of every claim to be treated otherwise than as a slave ; nor are we without reasons for believing that to an error of this description—trifling in itself, and arising out of as trifling a circumstance—are we indebted for the insolence displayed by the reigning SHAH, almost ever since his elevation to the Musnud, towards the Government, the policy, and even the people of Great Britain. We are not unmindful that, owing to the intrigues of Russia, a declaration of war against Persia would be the signal for a rising of the Burmese ; but as such an event has been well foreseen, the necessary preparatory measures have not been neglected by the Anglo-Indian Government. To attack us simulta neously in the East and West, has long been the po licy dictated to the Eastern Princes by the agenri of the Cabinet of St. Petemburgh ; and we require no stronger proofs of the zeal and unanimity with which it is now acted upon, than the insults re cently offered to Colonel BENSON by the Burmese, and Mr. - IVI‘NEIL by the Persian, Goveriunents. There is nothing, however, to terrify or even to disconcert us in the aspect of affairs in the East. By one bold, decisive blow in Persia we can not only disconcert the intrigues of Russia, but establish our power through.. out the whole peninsula of India. The French Papers of Sunday announce a stagna on of political events in Paris. At eight o'clock in le evening, the KING returned from Dreux, but no .hing took place indicating any determination respect ng the appointment of a Cabinet. The arrests for disturbances in consequence of the high price of bread, are becoming alarmingly numerous. The Madrid Journals of the 20th do not contain anything very interesting. In the Sitting of the Chamber of Deputies of the 19th, a petition was read, which was signed by several inhabitants of Barcelona, respecting the transportation of several individuals to the Canary Islands, without any form of trial, merely on the order of General Baron de Meer. A great number of opposition Deputies spoke on the occasion. Baron de Meer was the object of very vehement attacks; but the Chambers, after having heard several speakers, resolved to close the discussion, which was terminated without any further result. A letter from Sanlona of the 19th announces that Espartero had advanced with his forces towards Ramales, The Journal du Havre contains the following letter from Guadaloupe, 10th Dec., 1838 : " The Governor of the Colony, taking into consideration the deplorable state in which our unhappy country now is, has convoked an extraordinary meeting of the Colonial Coun cil to communicate to it the draft of the Royal ordinance in tended to regulate the discipline of the Ateliers, and the seve. ral relations which should exist between the owners of planta tions and the negroes. This proposed ordinance tends only to confirm the facts which the custom of the Colony, or the indulgence of the masters, had long since established. Ac cordingly, though doing justice to the good intentions of the Governor, which had actuated him on this occasidn, the Colo nial Council contested his right to decide on questions which appertain only to the Colonial Councils, according to the formal list of the law of 24th April. " The Governor, in his ordinance, proposed, among other thingi'calculated to restore order and discipline in the Ateliers, the inculium of the Slaves, Savings' Banks and compulsory redemption. Now, to form an idea of the value of these conciliatory measures, we need only to recollect that the Co lonial Council rejected all those measures years ago, either as impracticable or as ruinous to the proprietors, or even il lusory as regards the welfare of the slaves."—Le Commerce. --------- AVAL COMFORTS.—O n a late occasion when a sloop of war was going out of this harbour, and a shower of rain prevailed at the same time, a midshipman was prudently seen walking th e quar te r d ec k w i th an umbrella over his head : what would Hosier's Ghost say to t h is? --llarnpshire Telegraph. LLOYD'S SH_PPING.-(TIIIS DAY.) DEAL, JAN. QS.—Wind N, W., moderate.—The Admiral, Moorson, from Dernerara, and St. Croix, Honduras, proceeded this morning for the River. Came down from the River and sailed, the Black Cat, Chisser, for St. Michael's; Ermana, Mann, Cape of Good Hope; Dexterous, Proom, Palermo ; William Harris, Terry, Bombay; Suss. x, Boxby, Odessa; Watering, Cuthbertson, Marseilles; Don Giovanni, Bowen, Jamaica; Eagle, Roollons, Cape of Good Hope; Reliance, Wt oley. Algoa Bay. Potursmorrit, JAN. 9.B.—Wind N.N.E. to N.N. W., fine.—Arrived the Jane, Darly, from Rotterdam ; Brothers, do ; Thomas, Richardson, Trinidad. Passed by the Justinia, Bentley, Taylor, for Calcutta, Sailed the Sumatra, Harvey, for London, having been suppled with anchor and cable. Her Majesty's ship Electra has gone out of harbour far Shithead, PLymouTir, JAN. 9.7.—Wind N. to N.E., moderate hreezes.—Ar. rived the Letitia, from Malta, with loss of bulwarks; Tweed, Lawson Gottenburg, with loss of stanchions, bulwarks, and with sails split having experienced severe weather and been struck by heavy seas Edward, Thompson, St. John's, N.B. Sailed the Spithead, Gill flare, for Ilavannah. FALMOUTH, J*. 27.—Wind N.E to E.N.E , fresh breezes.—Arrived the Boadicea transport,from the Mediterranean; Fortuna, Loyada, LIVEISPOOL, JAN. 2S.—Wind N.N. W., moderate.—Arrived the Jo seph Walker, from Leghorn; Charlotte, Abbenett, Denia ; Dash, Gibraltar. Off port, the Roscoe packet of the 7th instant, from New York; Palmyra, Demerara. Sailed the Emily, Wardle, for Pernam buco; Ann Lockerby, Burt, Calcutta. Cowes, JAN. '2B.—Arrived the Dorothea, De Boer, from Cardiff; Jupiter, from Liverpool ; and sailed for Ostend. BRISTOL, JAN. 2S.—Sailed the Ajax, Stark, for Jamaica. SHEERNESS, JAN. 28.—Arrived the Harmonic, packet, from Rotter dam. Sailed the Eagle, for the Cape of Good Hope. CARDIFF, JAN. 27.—Sailed the Waterlily, Winsor, for Ancona. SWANSEA, JAN. 27.—Sailed the Tem Cringle, Buxton, for St. Jago de Cuba. iiA RWICIT, JAN. 28.—Arrived the Speculator, Parker, horn Newport, with lost of rnain.boom. HUMBER, JAN. 2S.—Arrived the Salus, from Rotterdam; Ribsdale, ditto; Phoenix, Thompson, ditto; Archer, ditto. HULL, JAN. 26.—Wind, N.E. by N.—Arrived the Jonge Cornelius, Bakker, from Amsterdam; Vrow Arma, ditto; Marshal, Rotterdam Albass, ditto; Resetta, ditto. SHIELDS, JAN. 27.—Arrived the Heti°, M`Roy, from London; In dustry, Duckham, Honfleur ; Nadstern, Herring, Dantzie ; Pauline, Knott, ditto; Alarm, Brining, bound to Memel, towed in with loss of fore and main-mast, and cargo shifted. CORK, JAN. 2G.—Arrived the St. Patrick, Turnall, from New foundland; Penland, Jenkinson, Cuba; William and Maria, I'lumer, London. Sailed the Sally, klurr, for Nev. Yo r k . DROGHEDA, JAN. 21. Arrived the Jack Tar, Malcolm, London. MARGATE, JAN. 28.—The Guess, Ferrel, from Rotterdam to London, got on the Margate Sands yesterday, but has been assisted off, with rudder unshipped, and proceeded for the River in tow of a steamer. STROMNESS, JAN. 27.—The Vigilant, Ballantine, which was on shore at Longhope, has been got off, and brought in here, and must discharge to repair. The Zakrewsky, from Uleaborg to Liverpool, which was on shore, has been got off; after discharging about 1,500 casks of tar, and will be brought in here to repair. MONEY AND COMMERCIAL NEWS CITY (THIS DAY), TWELVE' O'CLOCK. LI7ERPOOL COTTON MARKET, MONDAY.--The transactions in Cotton to-day are 4,000 bags, 1,400 of which were taken on speculation. The Market closed heavily at last Friday's prices. Arrivals this morning,--French mail, no ship letters. Accounts from the Hague state that the Prince of Orange set off on the 24th inst. at night for Bois le Duc, where his head-quarters were transferred. All the Dutch troops were concentrated on the Belgian frontier. The Dutch army, in numbers, is superior to that of the Belgians; but it must be observed that Holland at present has only under its flag 75,000, while that of Belgium has 84,000. We believe that the number of troops of each party is ex aggerated, and, should they come to hostilities, it will be found that the armies will not be disproportionate. The Bel gian territory is more open to invasion than that of Hol land, which has strong positions, that of Maestrecht in parti cular, which will be made the point d'appui. Extract of a letter posted at the North and South American Coffee House, from Bristol 28th inst. :—" The passengers in the Great Western were forced to go down to her near King Road, as early as half-past seven ; when they reached her she as stuck in the mud. At half-past four, P. M., when I left her, there was not sufficient water for her to cross the Bar, and not likely for two hours; she may proceed, being moon light, but up to tile present time, half past six, no account of her sailing." We are very barren of arrivals this morning, and the only news of importance is from Constantinople, that our Envoy, Mr. M'Neil, not being able to induce the Schah of Persia to fulfil his promise, was about to leave the Persian territory, and had actually set off with his baggage for Constintinople. The great reduction in the price of wheat which took place yesterday at Mark-lane must, no doubt, give great satisfaction to the public, and more particularly to the middling and poorer cla.ses of society. The general opinion is, that some of our great speculators in the above article will suffer severely from this reduction, which has cormp unawares upon them. The New York packet ship Roscoe has arrived off Liverpool. No Papers or letters have as yet been received. In alb pro. bability they may arrive late in the afternoon. THE FUNDS. _ _ In the course of yesterday thedonsol market was rather heavy, and closed at 92i both for Money and the Account ; opened this morning at 92A- for the Account, Money 94,- ; Exchequer Bills 63 65 ; India Bonds 61 63 ; Bank Stock 202 k 203 ; India Stock 255 256. _ - In the Foreign Market Swinish Active closed at 191 20 ; at present 191 204-, a shade higher; Portuguese same as they closed, 351 ; Three p e r C en t s . 221 ; Belgian 98!I 991, also the same ; Brezilian 79 4- ; Colombian 281 i. ; Nlexican 241 ; Dutch Two-and-a-half per Cents. 541 551; Five per Cents. 1021 1. PRICES OF FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Austrian Bonds Peruvian Bonds — Belgian Bonds 9S% 9 ' Ditto Account — Ditto Account Brazilian Bonds Ditto Account Buenos Ayres Bonds Ditto Account Chilian Bonds 1 vtto Account Columbian Bonds — , Ditto Account Ditto Account Columbian Bonds, 1824 23,!4 Spanish Bonds Ditto Account Danish Bonds 7 6 ,v % • Ditto Bonds, 1834 Ditto Account — Ditto Account. ...20% 20 19E; Greek Bonds — French, 5 per cent. Ditto Bonds, 1825 — ---- 4 per cent. Ditto Account ---- 3 per cent. Mexican Bonds, 5 per CE M.... •-....—••• Exchange. —f. —c. Ditto Account Dutch, 254 per cent. S4A 5 Ditto, 6 per Cent 24 Ditto Account — Ditto Account Neapolitan Ditto Account — PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK Paid. Per Shale. Cobre Copper. Brighton liailwar ....... , . 14 IGN % London and Boutharrinton Railway Company Bitumen, Bastenne and Gaujac Lo,,,fini and Westminster Bank 2O 24N% National Provincial Bank of England (New) lO 10% HAMBURG BORSEN HALLE, JAN. 25; Bilis. Money Austrian Metariques, 5 per rent. Dit'o ditto 3 percent. — Ditto ofitto 21 per cent Litto Bank Shares —l4oB 1-.96 A,gln.ltussian Loan 107;4 .11 , 7 3 4 Russian 3 per cents Metal. Paper Inscription, 6 per ;nn 104% 104 Russian Inscription, Hope and Co., tki and 4th Series Ditto, Certificates Portuguese Regency Bonds, 5 per cent Ditto, 3 per cent — Dutch 2% per Cents. 53 .:. T c;itto 5 per Cents 94) Polish Bonds, 3 per cents. New Tickets 155 154% Anglo- Danish Loan, 3 per cents 71% 71% Norwegian Loan of 1r434, 4 p..r cents Spanish, in piastres, 3 p er C ents Cortas .oan„ 5 per Cent Greek 4 per cents. 1433, guaranteed by Prance EXCHANGES ON LONDON. HAMIit , IIG, JAN. 35.-13534 ; two months, 13 4 L.;,. ST. PETICRSBURGII, JAN. 15 . —Three months, 11%. STOCKHoI.M, JAN. IS —Two months, 12 2 —Hamburz Papers, Jan. 25. PRUSSIAN FUNDS.—BEnuN, JAN. 22 - Bills. t. Schuld. Sch., 4 per c e nt lO3 Pru,sian English Loan, 18.90, 4 per cent 10258 k•xchartge on •Lonilon, three monr.a 6 !e% —Prusuon State Gazette. Jen. 23. Money, 102 lot ALF-PAST ONE. Consols may be quoted at 92 buyers, both for Money and the Account, and the only operation worth noticing is the Government Broker having purchased about five thousand New Three-and-a- Half at 1004. At present it is not exp , cted that any speculations of magnitude will be made before the meeting of Parliament, which, it is expected, will be one of the most important and interesting that we have had for many years. The rows received from Persia this morning has not had any effect on tho funds, as it is the general opinion on the approach of our Indian army to the Persian frontiers, the Shah will comply with the British demands. Exchequer Bills rather better, 63 66; India Bonds, 61 63 ; Bank Stock, 909: 1 ,- 203 ; India Stock, 255. In the Foreign Market scarce any business doing. Spanish Active has not that wholesome appearance it had within a few days past, and inay be quoted at In 20; Portuguese, no ; Five per Cents. 102 i . Most of alteration, 35,h Thr e e per Cents. 2 2. ; Belgian, 981 I 991 ; ; Colombian, 28 1 ; Dutch Two-and a- Half per Ce n t s ., 5. 1 i 55 the above Sto c k s are the same as in the early part of the morning. THREE O'CLOCK. Consols for the Account, 92A-. THE FUNDS.—CLOSING PRICES BRITISH FUNDS. 254 3 4 3 Ba pe nk r cent. lied ii'ei " 3 per Cent . Ccos '"'"'""""''' Ditto Old Annuities — :3y4 per Cent. Red ''''''''''' - 01 - 1, - !Ditto Sew Annuities New 3l.: ? per Cent.........""""' 994 'Ex. Bills, 1,000/.......2%d ..... 66 pm. New 5 per Cent ..................... Ditto 50 66 pm . 7.. . . ....................—T3)31/4!Dlnid It i o a S u t . a n c d k . Long Annuities to expire DWI 5001 64 tam. Jan. 186' ........ " .......... 15 iftrnk Stock for Act. 203 Oct. 1859 ................ It 13-16 It dia Stoc k for ..?.t Jan. 'SOO ....................... 11 11-16,Conso's for ACT .... 9-2% FOREIGN FUNDS Asturian. 5 per cent,,,,,,,,,,, ... iportuguese Bondi, 5 per cent 7154 Belgian, 5 per cent.. ................ $39 Ditto, New Ditto Brazilian Bonds ................ 79; ;Prussian, 5 per cent Buenos A yr. s, 6 per cent...,.,. IRuisian Bonds, 5 per cent — Chilian, 6 per cent .................. 'Ditto, Metallic Colorninan, 6 par cent .......... wish, 5 per cent 2O Ditto, 1824. ............................... :8;4 'Ditto, Consolidated 110 f. 50c. Danish, 3 per cent .................. 771 g French, 5 per cent. Greek Bonds, 1825, 5 per cent. — 1 ',Exchange Mexican, 5 per cent ............... French, 3 per cent —f. Ditto, 6 per cent., 1825 ....... Dutch, t. 1% per cent. Peruvian, 1825,6 per cent,,,,,, ,Ditto, per cent. (CLOSING PRICE OF SHARES.—(THIS DAY.) London and Brighton Railway London and Blackwall Railway London and Southampton Railway London and Cioydon Rail way Manchester and Leeds Railway Manchester and Birmingham Railway Ditto Ditto Extension CHANCERY COURT.-(THIS DAY.) DENT V. BENNET r.-JUDGMENT. The LORD CLIANCELLOR gave judgment today in this ease, which was argued before the Court previous to the Christmas rec,ss. The. bill was filed by the representatives of the late Mr. Dent, a gentleman of large property in Lincolnshire, against the dcfendant, who is a sur.. goon at Barton-upon-Humber, for the purpose of having an agreement, alleged to have been signed by Mr. Dent, delivered up to he cancelled, and also for an injunction to restrain the defeedants from proceeding with an action at law to recover the amount alleged to have been given by t.l.e agreement to the dt•fetWant. Upon the ease coming bcfoie the Vice-Chancellor, his Honour granted the injunction ; but the Court net having ordered the agreement to be deli, red, up to be cancelled, .the question for his Lordship now was, whether the plaintiffs were en titled to a decree for that purpose. The defendant alleged that Mr. Dent had entered into th • agreement to give to him the sum of 25,0004 upon his death, in consideration of his medical a rakes, and out of gra titude to him for haying upon several occasions saved his life. His Lord ship, after going at Smile length into the facts of the case, which we 'gave at the hearing, stand his opinion to be that the agreement had been obtained from the t, - •stator by fraud, or such other circumstances as gave a Court of Equity the right of interfering, and thereibre that the decree prayed for must be made, the agreement delivered up to be cancelled, and the defendant must pay the costs of the suit up to the time of his giving notice to sue in forma pauperis. VICE-CHANCERY.-(THIS DAY.) His Honour the Vics-CuiaswELLoa proceeded with the hearing of petitions today, none of which were of any public interest. QUEEN'S BENCH.-(THIS DAY.) THE QUEEN V. DODSON ►ND orirEns, In this case a rule was granted last Term, calling on the defendants (four magistrates of the county of Oxford) to show cause why a crimi nal information. sbould.not, be filed against them for having improperly convicted and imprisoned a cottager named William Kenne, for cutting a white maple in Bagley Wood, he alleging it to have been done in the exercise of a right. Tie rule was argued a few days ago, and this morning • Lord DENMAN gave judgment, discharging the rule with costs. THU QUEEN V THE RECORDER OC DAM Mr. KINGLAKE showed cause against a rule calling on the Recorder of Bash to show cause why a mandamus should not issue, directing him to hear an, appeal of the Churchwardens and Overseers of Mansfield, against the parishes of Linscombe and Whitscombe, respondents. Mr. Silica was heard in support of the rule, after which The COURT took time to consider. COMMON PLEAS: -(THIS DAY.) IMPORTANT TO PARENTS-INTERESTING TO TAILORS. BAGSHAW V. EATON, In this case, a tailor had brought his action for clothes supplied to defendant, to the amount of 101. The action was tried in the Sheriffs' Court, and the defence was, that when the clothes were supplied de. fendant was a minor; that the articles were not required, because his mother had supplied him with every necessary; and that the plaintiff had made no inquiry as to the situation and resources of the young man, who it appeared was articled to an attorney. Mr. JAMES had obtained a rule to show cause why there should not be nonsuit, against which Sergeant Wilde yesterday shcieNl cause. Mr. JAM es this morning supported the rule. lie cited various cases, tending to show that where infants were dealt with, it was necessary that the tradesman who supplied them with any articles, do make in quiries as to their circumstances. In this case, bad the slightest enquiry been made, the mother of the defendant would at once have informed the plaintiff, as she stated at the trial, that the articles were by no means necessary, for that she herself had supplied him with every thing needful. Mr. Justice VAUGHAN observed that there was certainly a prima facie case for clothing.—(Laughter.) Mr. JAMES said hecertainly did not contend that the defendant had a right to walk about in purls naturaiibus._(Renewed laughter.) But he submitted to the Court that it was important that this Court should uphold rules of law, which Juries in inferior Courts were too much in the habit, especially in cases like the present (in which the very fact of a plaintiff citing a rule of law would tend to create a prejudice against him), to violate. Lord Chief Justice TTSDAL said the question for the Court to decide was whether it was to be maintained as a rigid and unbending rule of law that no plaintiff could recover for goods furnished to an infant unless he had first made inquiries. Now, he could not certainly say that, although he quite agrced that it was important to pre.erve the just pro tection which the law threw around infants ; and that it was most de sirable that tradesmen, before supplying infants, should make inquiries. He could not say that it was a necessary precedent condition to the right of recovery in such cases that the tradesmen should have in quired, because, even if he ihad inquired, and could get no informa tion, the question whether the articles were or were not necessary still remained open, and so it did if no inquiry had been made. The ques tion of necessaries was for the Jury, and he did not see any reason for disturbing their verdict. The rest of the COURT concurred in the opinion, Mr. Justice VAUGUAN stating that he could not but think a great coat, which was one of the articles supplied, a necessary article.—Rule dismissed. EXCHEQUER COURT-(THIS DAY. THE CANADIAN PRISONERS. At the sitting of the Court this morning Mr. HILL said the prisoner Parker, whose case was under• the consideration of the Court, was very anxious to be present in Court. The COURT said the whole of the prisoners had a right to be present in Court ; but of what use they would be for the purposes of the argu. ment they could not see. However, if they wished it, they might be brought up. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL then resumed his argument. He said a doubt had been suggested yesterday that the parties connected with the rebellion of 1745 had not received their pardon without a trial. He had now been informed, by Mr. Daltry, that there could be no doubt upon the matter, as the Patents of Pardon were jn his office, and they clearly set out that Use parties, having been indicted for high treason, confessed their crime, and received a pardon on condition that they should suffer themselves to be transported to the plantations in America. He was now also fortified with an Act of Parliament, the 20th George 11., chap. 46, which was passed expressly for the purposes of the pardons Mr. Daltry referred him to, and which created a new offence if the parties returned to this country without the leave of the Crown. Mr. Him. was very anxious to see those pardons. They were under thecare of the Attorney-General, therefore there could be very little difficulty in the matter. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL was not aware before that officially he had the care of these documents ; but there would certainly be no difficulty in his Learned Friend seeing the documents. The act to which he had referred made it treason for any party to return to this country after accepting the conditions attached to the pardon. Mr. Hill had challenged him to point out the limits of the authority of the Legis lature of Upper Canada. He was not aware that it was necessary for him to do so, but he might say that with the limitation of allegiance to the Crown, they were supreme. The Assembly cou!d do nothing with out the assent of the representative of the Crown, and he was obliged to act upon his responsibility according to the orders he received from the Queen. Lord ABINGER—That was a very good political argument. The question to be argued was a very narrow one. Supposing the 31st Geo. 111. gave them power to transport to America, was there any law of this country which gave them power to transport to any other place, which was binding out of Canada ? The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—The Legislature of Canada was supreme, and had the power of passing laws inflicting death; they therefore had the power of imposing transportation for offences, and it was legal in Canada. The sentence could be carried into effect in any part of the dominions of the Crown. That had been acted upon for fifty years, and had never before been questioned, and very frequently had received legislative recognition, from the Imperial Legislature. Lord ABlNGER—Suppose they were to pass a law imposing the pealty of transportation to England, could they give authority to any one in England to keep the convict in custody ? The ATTORNEY- GENLRAL --That would be transportation to the mother country, which is totaliy against all precedent. Lord A BINGER put the case by ihust - ation. If it were so, by the same reason they would have no power to transport to any colony over which they had no controul. The ATTORNEY GENERAL—But the laws of this country provide for such a case. By the sth Gee. 111. the King in Council has the power to appoint the place of transportation ; of course that power was vested in his representatives in the Colonies. There could be no doubt that the sentence was legal in Canada, and if it were so there it ought and could be legally carried into eff,!ct in all parts of her Majesty's do. minions. Suppose the prisoners had made an application to the Court of Queen's Bench, in Upper Canada, on the day after they had received the pardon, for a writ of habeas corl us, and that a return had been made setting out the indictment for high treason, a confession of guilt and the conditional pardon, would the Judges there have discharged them ? Clearly not; nor would their Lordships, as the sentence upon them was le,ral in Canada, and they were now legally in this country in the execution of their sentence. Suppose a party were to receive a conditional pArdon, and the condition was that he should be trans_ .ported to America. Suppose that on the voyage from some cause or other the vessel he was in was obliged to put in at Jamaica, would the Court there grant a habeas ? Certainly not, if the sentence were legal in this country, and that was a parallel ca , ze to the one before the Court. The pardon upon conditions would lar clearly legal in England, and therefore the conditions could be enforced in any part of the dominions of the Queen. It was per fectly clear ,that the Court would not interfere with the prisoner ifi Jamaica in the execution of his sentence, nor could he maintain any action against the captain of the ship, or any one engaged in the act of transporting him. There could be no doubt of the power of the Crown to pardon upon conditions—it had been frequently exercised—it had been often recognized by the Legislature, and had never been questioned before. No man, in his sober senses, except one with the strong feelings of an advocate, would for a moment contend that a person, after receiving such a pardon, should also be tried. Suppose there was a verdict of acquittal, in what situation would the party stand ?—he would still be in the situation of a traitor ; his property was forfeited. If the pardon were granted there was to be no trial; if the pardon were refused, the Act carefully and very humanely provided that the petition should not be used against the party upon his trial. The other point is that the sentence is bad, because the term of the transportation does not commence till the arrival of the prisoner in Van Diemen's Land. Mr. Baron PARKE—You contend that the Crown has a right at corn. mon law to grant such a conditional pardon, and that the conditions having been once assented to, can be legally carried into effect through out the whole of her Majesty's dominions. The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—Certainly. At common law by the prero. gative of the Crown the Queen could pardon any offence without trial, on condition that the party consent to remain in prison for three years. That would be a good pardon, and though the party might wish to set it aside, no Court would grant a writ of habeas corpus, and die. charge him. Mr. Baron ALDERSON—If so, the consequence would be, that he would be taken and hanged the moment after. Mr. Baron PARKE--That is the question. In the case supposed, would the Court remand him to his original custody, or would they re mand him for trial for his offence? The ATTORNEY-GENERAL—The Court would remand him to fulfil the conditions to which he had assented. In the case before the Court should the parties be discharged they might be tried in England for high treason, or they might he sent back to Canada, where they would be guilty of felony under the terms of their pardon. Mr. Baron ALDERSON remarked—Arc you quite certain, Mr. Atter ney.General, that the intention of the Statute 31 Charles IL, is not that the person is to be at liberty to transport himself ? Mr. ATTORNEY-GENERAL said that he thought the words in the Statute to which the Learned Judge in that observation would seem to refer, alluded to a practive very common in the reign of Charles IL, of persons agreeing, with the sanction of the Court, to remove to the Colonies, and had no reference to convictions by law, or to commutations of capital punishments. The Learned Attorney. General went on to refer to the Canadian Acts 7th William IV., chapters 6 and 7, which had been introduced into the returus, and which, he contended, clearly showed that transportation was a punishment usual and legal in Canada; and thee was nothing in the Act let Victoria, chap 10; at all incon sistent with these statutes. He now came to the manner in which the sentence of transportation had been carried into effect. The Counsel for the prisoner had objected that there was no authority to send them to Lower Canada or .Enatid. Lut, he (the Attorney tietie rat); arguing as he did on the supposition that the sen tence was legal, contended that every thing was equally legal which was necessary to carry it'into execution. Them w, ua sea-port in Upper Canada; therefore, priboners were convi,yed to Lower Canada. Na vessels sailed from [Amer Canada to Van Dicineh', Land, therefore they were transmitted to England.. Wl,at wai to be done with them when they arrived on the shor,s of thii e , mo: ty, acid till a ship could be found to convey them to their nation ? Were they to float on the waters of I Mrr,ey, till such ship was found Or wart it not rea,onable th,y should be in the meantime kept coidi,cmcnt in prison, until, with all posSible expedition, the vcshei wa, made ready to ran y them to Van Diemen's-Land, Then as A felon, or suspected felon, could necegs' f a warrar holt a warral so with a person who had broken gaol and Ives rs.taken. t ;iei.i ;I' then be argued that after s:•ntence a warrant was in all cases 11CeCit.ty ? Suppose the vessel containing these prisoners had been wrecked en the coast of Lancashire, 'might they not have been detained ?or put the ease of an English convict ship wrecked on EOM part of the coast of this country, and the prison, rs escaping, and being retaken and detained by some private persons; would it not be a good return to a writ of habeas corpus, that these prisoners had been taken, in attempting to fly from the sentence of the law ? And, was not the case before the Court substantially the same ? .111 the case of the King v. Saddis, where a similar return was made, it was not merely to be noticed that the eminent Counsel, Mr. Erskine, did not on helialf of the prisoner, object to the absence of a warrant; but, that Lord Kenyon expressly ruled that a person legally sentenced might be he'd in custody, in order to carry the sentence into effect, even without a warrant. There was another case, of ex parte Crantz, in 1 Barnewall and Cres. well, it was laid down that a person might be lawfully detained, without warrant, before trial. In that case there had been an engagement be. tween a smuggling vessel and a revenue cutter, in whirls one of the Government men was killed; and the smugglers being afterwards taken, were kept in custody on the charge of murder; and on habeas corpus the Court decided that persons charged with 'felony might, without a warrant, be detained, till taken before a Magistrate. Now, in the case before the Court, the Counsel for the prisoner had, while objecting that the gaoler, an ignorant •persoa , should have made a return, been so inconsistent as to object that he did not in that return state the facts with sufficient • minute ness. Undoubtedly, in point of law. the gaoler was bound to make the return; and though, of course, he ought to have assistance in making it, he should net state upon it any facts of which Ise could not be supposed to bave cognizance or belief. In Scale's case the gaoler returned that the prisoner was in custody by commitment from the Privy Conn. cil, and that return was properly held to be bad, not from its own insufficiency, but because the cause of detention stated was illegal. And various similar cases which had been cited by the prisoners' Coun sel merely proved that where an Act of Parliament was returned as the cause of detention, the case must clearly come within the terms of that Act. But the return in the present case distinctly brought the prisoner within the Act of the Ist Victoria, cap. 10, for the conditional, and lawfully conditional, pardon in the terms of that Act was set forth. The Learned Attorney-General said he had now gone over the whole of the objections which had been made to the return. If he had the slightest apprehension that the judgment of the Court would be different from that of the Queen's Bench—which apprehension he had not—he would remind their Lord. ships, that even admitting the return to be insufficient, the prisoner was not entitled to his discharge. In a case in which an Irishman was de tained in this country on a charge of stealing an heiress, in Ireland, and the return was held to be bad, the prisoner was not discharged, hut sent to Ireland to be tried. The prisoners in this case had been guilty, on their own confession, of high treason. Were they to be discharged ? He trusted that their Lordships would think the return to be valid. But even should they not, he hoped they would remand the prisoners, to be dealt with according to law. He had only, in conclusion, to advert to the unanimous judg ment of the Court of Queen's Bench on this very return, affirming its sufficiency. He was aware that this judgment could not be binding on their Lordships as to their decision now. But he cited it as an authority entitled to great respect He flared the writ of habeas corpus— that great bulwark of our liberties—was in danger of being perverted to objects for which it could never have been intended. lie earnestly hoped that their Lordships would not, by their judgment, al. low it to be perverted to the delay or frustrating of justice. Lament. able would be the result of discharging the prisoners. He rejoiced that their lives had been spared; but deeply should he regret that, by some technical objections, they should obtain their liberation, and thus not only the ends of - justice frustrated, but the administration of mercy discouraged. The Learned Attorney-C;eneral concluded about a quarter to two, LITERATURE. LEGEND AND ROMANCE, 3 Vols. • London. Bentley, 1839. The author of these volumes is a gentleman named Johns, a Lieutenant in the Navy, who, from hints supplied by various European and African legends, has contrived to weave several very entertaining narratives, fertile in descrip tion, and not devoid of stirring incident, and over which the reader of light works of fictio❑ may pleasantly wile away an idle hour or sq. The tale in the collection that most strikes our fancy is,lhat entitled " Sebastian of Portugal," which turns upon the well-known expedition of the chivalrous young LuAtanian monarch into Africa, where, as our historical readers may remember, he lost his gallant . army and his life—an incident which has already furnished Miss Porter with the materials of one of her most popular romances. Mr. Johns's sketch of this ill-fated expedition is not less vigorous than his fair predecessor's ; and his de tails, in particular of the last sanguinary decisive conflict, are far superior in vividness and energy of description. In dramatic tact, too, he has the advantage over Miss Porter, as his conception and execution of the character of the lin passioned Momish girl Zuma, evince in every linament. We shall look forward to Mr, Johns's next appearance as a novelist with some interest. BABYLON, OR THE CONSERVATIVE SYS TEM IN .CHURCH AND STATE. London, Dinnis, 1839. Th;s is a pamphlet in which a great many good things are to be found. The author is a member of the Established Church, but an uncompromising denouncer of its manifold abuses, the greatest of which—the root, indeed, of all—he considers the union between it and the State. This unholy alliance, with its necessary consequence of wide-spreading corruption of all sorts, is, according to the writer, the Ba bylon of the Revelations—the second Beast doomed to an awful destruction. This being his opinion, fortified by the authority of Scripture, at least as he and others interpret it, we are not surprised at the earnestness with which he advocates a speedy dissolution of the alliance, and a return to the purity and simplicity of the Gospel dispensation. " I wish," says the author in a spirited dedication to the Queen, " to impress upon your Majesty, what rests upon my own mind, with a fullness of persuasion which does not admit of a doubt, that there is no safety for any state or potentate in the present day, but by an immediate dissolution of part nership with the Church. She -has become, indeed, a most dangerous ally. She is doomed to - destruction herself ; and, like the ivy -mantled tower, will carry all along with her, that cling to her ruins —or, like a drowning courpa nion, will drag to the bottom even the dearest friend that is within the reach of her fatal embraces." The pamphlet is published at a happy moment, and is well calculated to erve the public cause. LIGHTS AND SHADOWS OF SCOT TISH LIFE. Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1839. The triumphant - success of this work which was first pub lished about twelve years ago, and has, we understand, been translated into almost every European language, led the way to a variety of imitations, with which for many years the Press has teemed, but none of which come within a hundred degrees of the original, and are now therefore as completely forgotten as if they had never existed. But this —the original " Lights and Shadows"—is a work which still lives, and is likely long to do so ;.and no wonder, for it overflo..vs with eloquence and feeling, and such vivid de scriptions of external nature as no other living author has equalled. As a piece of pathetic writing, the tale entitled " Consumption" has all the tenderness and delicacy of Mackenzie's " Laroche" and " Louisa Venoni." SIR JOHN' BARROW AND IAVAII" lAIPRESS:\IENT. • , .; 1,, IC, i cor1;)',.:11) . ' 01r1 cnapttr 1.1:- 1,c1.1 Anson, "n tb6 t! NfoicS. T fr Jan. clFeet c:f a thirty-veers' laborious, weir lc of a suLoidinatc exec.:wive -f iie e modetatelc. exprided intelleel• inference of his desk ; direcn7 e for ail time are to be found in clic: minute books,ort a l , Lords of the Admiralty ; and his elucidations of prim ciples never extend beyond the mouldering, dus' -iii ` t i, dePosits which reward the labour of pioeon-hole auto quarians. Tbis is especially manifest in the sec,!' ie of 1 his `halite r, entitled " Manning the Nia.Y , , e , which the b a rb arous system o f i mpressment i s fended as not only constitutional hut indispensable ms constitutional begau se a j u d ge d ec id ed i t to b e legal , and indispensabl e b ecause i t h as preva i led in the se ai „ service from time immemorial" That on th e fi r stbreO r ing out of hostiliti es ," grave l y states Sir John E 4 row, " recourse must b e h a d to t h e l eg a l and constito, tional measure of i m p ressment , no doubt can be ea ter tamed by any unprejudiced m a n ; w i t h out i t t h e shir r, of- war for a long: time must continue t o repose °t, their' shadows, while those of the enemy are rear ing a rich harvest undisturbed. That it is both 1 t and constituti ona l has be en so c l ear l y s h own by t,so able lawyer, J u d g e. F oster, as not to be controverts Now cision of Blackstone, who in his comm a entries, quote s e l e o de Judge 'Foster, is by no means satis'i that the i m p ress i ng , o f seamen is altogether so ` l ea rn' e ; constitutional as Si r Min Barrow wou ld h a V e usbehe,„ l His words are " th e power of impressini,r,segfaring for the sea' service by th e Ki ng ' s Commission b-1. been a matter of some dispute, and submitted to Wt t oi great reluct ance; t h ough it bath been clearly she learnedly shown by Sir Michael Foster, that A t " d , practice of imp ress i ng an d granting powers t o the .r ) miralty for that purpose is of very anci e nt date whence he concludes it to be part 91 . the common I °' o ' The difficulty a r i ses f rom h ence, that no statute , expressly declared this power to be in the Cre'i though many of th em very strongly imply it." -A!/„; in conclusion, Blackstone, .Compelled to a d m it the right of. impressment. - only exists somewhere implication, and that this somewhere is again by ill' plication in the Cr own ; " b ut that it i s on ly defe l !, sible by publi c necess i ty , to which all private con s ' derations m us t g i ve way." InTressm ent then, e s , perly sp ea ki ng , i s neither feral n or ' const i tut i ona l, a tt i withstandi ng t h e hi g h authorities of Judge Foster a . ° 4 , Sir John, Barrow.. It, is .a,ineasure of ext reme necess''' s e and when so resorted to, is legal in the same s el : l ,, that the taking of a loaf by a famishing person w ith , out payment or the'consent of the owner, is not nal, or the pulling down a house to preven t li i i r spreading of fire is strictly legal. Necessity, i nu ' r e• dual and civil, is above all law, and th e attempt to . e i concile it by a coo l process of 1 - Abstract reason)er in any cas e , t o l ega l or constitution a l forms, is W h o tinent and p re p osterous. But if it can he shown toot impressment may b e avoided w.thout d e t r i me nt t 0 number of men required for ttte naval service---if P e , proved practi ca bl e and easy t o h o ld out such inati-be ments to seamen as t o ren d er the service on • b o ard t n i Royal Navy as p o p u l ar as i t now is the cont rary-le, if, moreover, this can be done in consonance with t ht strictest regard t o th e r i g h ts, the liberties, and eve" oe pecuniary int erests o f t h e people .Of thi s , coun t t l i then is impressment not only unconstitutional, hdeci o direct inva s i on an d v i o l at i on of those rights guarant to Engli s h men b y t h e . Charter of King John and or Bill of Rights. All precedents drawn from the ref ic b rence of a necessity perish with it ; and all acts "'" be , invoke necessity in justification of their operation le , come criminal when such necessity no . longer e%' s ti And sorely nothing short of the direct-State°necessjeg can justify in the eyes of Englishmen the depri vi d a fellow -subject of his liberty, and, though s ous of no crime, putting his life i n t h e extremest P r , against his w ill ? But to c ome to the matter.atte', of-fact view o f thi s quest i on—the one which will s i ) 3 o- s s r est !Fad us to a r i g h t conclusion: Will Sir John vs •liai row pretend, th at out o f a populat i on of thirty Int 0 • of people, h un d re d s o f t h ousands of whom are c0:11,j stoutly in want o f emp l oyment, one hundred thu ns, able-bodi e d men wou ld not b e found ready at any we, merit -to joi n t h e Fl eet, were the conditions of the se , vice such as any but slaves could be. brought to , eept ? Will h e , or his masters at the .Adinir2'tvt i l undertake to affirm that the industry._ which works , fre mines—wilich con d ucts tra ffi c on railways through bowels of mountains—which leads the adventurer o f search of the m eans o f su b s i stence to the wilds • Canada—which emb races any to il rewarding o the tio bourer and hi s c hild ren w i t h b read ; would eschevi service of the Sovereign and the State, if the con(:„. tions of that serv i ce were not suc h as no free-born E;s lishman could voluntarily accept without disgrace - • is the degrading and bloody lash—the beggarly renn i b i, ration—and the want of all stimulus to a generous° ce tion which l eave t h e L or d s of the Admiralty no reson°ol in time of d anger b ut i mpressment. Abolish corro punishment, c h er i s h t h e no bl e ambition of great mind by throwing o p en t h e hi g h est ranks and most cove t honours of th e pro f ess i on equally to the son o f t he i peasant and o f t h e peer, ma k e merit instead of cour i i d and official connect i ons, t h e sure road to wealth no, distinction—treat seamen not as slaves, but as the l ee 'notary s ervants o f t h e i r Sovereign, and the brad defenders o f th e i r country, and the sound a boatswaia' s w hi st l e w ill b r i ng together in e week more volunteers than would serve to t ng l every ship in th e B r i t i s h N avy, all ready to face t ie enemy in any part o f t h e wor ld . But whi!, e the p re , sent system of n ava l a d m i n i strat i on lasts, no English) man will serv e i n th e N avy if he can avoid it ; 9:0 for the plain reason that the last thing a n Englisha',„ will cons e nt t o l ose i s t h at liberty Wkiich is his right. He will en d ure any toil, far ce any -, bir h t " ot danger ; he will not consent to be made b. slave. May snob s; spirit ever actuate our countrymen. It is our stroog e i and noble s t . b u l war k against every enemy ; and Ye t rat is one o f w hi c h Jacks in uffice have aboured - centuries to deprive us. re 1):-tir.f)11 tioti to the rooti COURT CIRCULAR. Her Nlaje,:ty gave audiences yesterday at the New Palace to the Earl of ATheularle, Viscount Melbourne, and Lord Hill. The Queen sat yesterday to Sir Francis Chantrey. Viscount Morpeth, Viscount Melbourne, the Right Hon. George Stevens Byng, and Mr. George E. Anson joined the Royal dinner party at t,:e Palace last evening. A Cabinet Council was held at three o'clock yesterday af. tarnoon at the residence of Viscount Melbourne in Downing. street. It was attended by Viscount Melbourne, the Lord Chancellor, the Marquis of Lansdowne, Viscount Duncannon, Lord John Russell, Viscount Palmerston, Lord Glenelg, the Earl of Minto, Sir John Hobhouse, Mr. Poulett Thomson, and Viscount Howick. The Council sat two hours and a half. Count Pozzo di Borgo, the Russian Ambassador, transacted business yesterday at the Foreign-office. The Austrian, Prussian, American, Hanoverian, Neapoli tan, and French Ambassadors transacted business yesterday at the Foreign Department. Despatches, dated the 2d inst., were received yesterday at the Foreign Department from Lord Ponsonby, the British Ambassador at Constantinople. _ The Duke and Duchess of Montrose left Buchanan House, in Dumbartonshire, on Saturday last for their town residence in Belgrave-square. The Duchess of Marlborough arrived in Park-lane yesterday, for the season. Since our last publication the weather has been un commonly mild ; and yesterday especially it partook more of the chiracter of a balmy day in spring than of the cold and bleak month of January.—Kelso Chronicle. Lord Cranstoun and several other Gentlemen of the Melton Mowbray Hunt, arrived in town on S,turday last. We quoted yesterday a paragraph from one of our contemporaries, asserting that Dr. Tonson, the newly ap pointed Bishop of Killaloe, was of the Ribblesdale family, and a connection of Lord John Russell. This is a misappre hension. The Right Rev. Prelate is brother to the 1, ish Lord Riversdale, and of a family long resident at Lisnegar, in the county of Cork.— Times. At Hatton-garden and Worship street Police offices, letters in precisely the same words were received yes terday, inclosing an order for 51., payable at Messrs. Master. man and Co., to be placed in the poor-box of the respective offices. The letters, which were dated from " Louth," and signed " Garfitt, Claypons, and C 0.," professed to be written at the particular request of a country gentleman." A fire broke ou t ear ly on S atur d a y morning in the house of Mr. Sergeant, reliving officer of Shadwell, whi c h did considerabl e d amage . Thk. a ~a: row escape. The fire originated from the ignition of timber in a chimney, which it is supposed had been smouldering for some time. THE MARKETS.--(THIS DAY.) HNGR MARXET. Vei t ' The supplies of all kinds E nds were good,FORD but the prices were high. tables scarce and dear. Ko alttration in prices at the City Fish, Provision, Hay, or Color ° Markets. TLLOW MARKET. n OO P. Y. C. very flat at 565. A on the spot. The stock now is about 20, - casks. , m THE PUTNEY WORKINIG MEN'S ASSOCiATIO• 4 ,t —Last night, a ecting of the M eln b ers of this Associatit n was held,/ the Rose and Crown, Putney. Mr. Collis in the Chair. Mr. Georg e !, Lambeth, in an appropriate manlier, moved the following resolution . 0 ( " That this fleeting hereby express their unqualified disapprobatio n to the conduct of G overnmen t , i n sanctioning the apprehension of re, Rev. J. R. Steph e n s , w h om they believe to have been grossly roisni, presented by a pot tion of th e Newspaper Press, and they hereby otri fl•st their warmest sympathy for him, and pledge themselves to use eve constitutional means which th ey possess in his behalf. " Mr. ChadW4 0 Westerton, of the Lond on W or ki ng Men's Association, seconded ", resolution in an animated speech, and concluded amid great aplai ati° l. Mr. Bain, briefly supported the' resolution, which was carried no/a mously ; as were also vo t es o f t h ree cheers for Mr. Stephens, and tha n to Messrs. Westert on, G eorge, and the Chairman, and the meet' separated. A t Guildhall, yesterday, a respectable looking, 1 101 of about 40 ye ars o f age , o f t h e name of Mackenzie, t .O i f charaed with having, a t certa i n periods, embezzled from u" employers, being clerk to Messrs. Gladston and Co., of P r Paul's Church-yard, the sum of OW. 10s. The p r isolle e had been in the service of the firm above ter L years, and t il t' utmost confidence was placed in him. In the early part. ° November he absconded, wlien the sum alyave named wa s di; covered to be deficient in the prisoner's accounts. A rewar d was offered for his apprehension, but mathing was heard o f him till Saturday evening last, when h e went to the prosej cutors' and surrendered hi mse lf . S;:r " Peter Laurie remande d him till Friday next, and at the sane time remarked that ba should commit him for trial. ACCIDENTS TO CHII,DREN FROM FIRE.- --13. Ccrrespoodent of the Como( ill Gazelle, who describes hil: self as " A Magistrate," sayr i in reference to the melancho l y feequency o f accidents. by Fi'm Something must be doll e o Children burnt form as re gular a list in the Newspapers Births and M air i ages. I will take some step to call the °it.; teotion of th e L or d Chi e f Justice of the Queen's Bench to tu subject, u n l ess airy of you r readers c an suggest to me a mor e proper mo d e o f o b ta i n = ing some public authoritative opini on on these h orr ibl e cases of such frequent occurrence. If I 1ea,,,, l b a child five y ears ' o ld on, the edge of a precipice, will his dea he exiled i,;rnph ae, ide,l4 d , it , fali , vcr and purish ?" PATRUNISING, THE DRAMA.—An attempt I gr , been made to re-opet, the Salisbury Th e at re , b ut on M o nt and Tuesday niv, l nts there was no t a sou l i n t h e ;house, and t', /, performances co nsequent l y did not take place.—, Wilts Hero' I • ••••