The Sun. — London, England, 1844-03-16 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENLNG PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. GLOBE.—Beside the great question of the Corn-laws, upon which the landed interest is arrayed in opposition to all the other interests of the country, there are many other instances of the scrupulous care with which the landowners have obtained protection for themselves at the expense of the other members of the community. One of these instances was brought before the House of Commons last evening by Mr. Elphinstone, by a motion for taking into consideration the statutes which impose taxes on personal property, with a view to the imposi tion of , n miler taxes on real property. Although the motion was got rid of for the present, on a question of form, it will be renewed in the course of the ensuing week. By the law, as it now exists, personal property is subjected to two imposts—the probate duty and the legacy duty. The former is an ad valorem tax on the whole amount of personal property of which an indivi dual may die possessed. The latter is a second tax levied upon the same property, upon its distribution in legacies, among those to whom it has been left by the testator, in proportion to the degrees of their relation ship to the party who bequeathed to them an interest in it, and the amount of that interest. With the exception of annuities, or rent charges, arising out of land, real property is exempt from both probate and legacy duty ; it is transmitted by bequest, undiminished in value by any impost, from one generation to another It was by no oversight of Mr. Pitt, who, in 1796, imposed those taxes upon property passing by will, " in order to support a war for the protection of all pro- Trty," that land was exempted from its operations. he landlords—who were at that time not merely supreme, but adsolute—compelled the minister to con fine his probate and legacy duties to personalty, and to allow real estate to pass untouched. And having thus, in its origin, withdrawn their shoulders from the burden, the landed interests have, with characteristic disregard to the complaints of the classes upon whom it exclusively falls, resisted every subsequent attempt to remove it altogether, or to slow a similar tax upon real property, by which an amount would be raised that would allow of a correspondent diminution of taxation on some article of general consumption. Mr. Elphin stone showed, from returns upon the table of the House, the great amount of duty levied by means of this tax on personal property. The very large propor tion of the Upper House are landowners. In the Lower House the landlords employ their powers with despotic sway to secure a majority in their interests. With such Picts before them, is it to be wondered at if the people impute to Parliament that they have passed laws, not for the public benefit, but for their private advantage? Mr. Elphinstone strongly put this pinching question to the House last evening.— " What could be more unjust than for a merchant or manufacturer, who died leaving some pittance for the support of his wife and family, to have it subjected to these taxes, whilst the heir of a large landed estate—the inheritor of half-a-million of real pro perty—went scot free?" This distinction becomes yet more demonstrative of galling partiality in favour of the landowners, when it is considered that landed property becomes subject to the tax when purchased by a partner ship capital for manufacturing purposes! Another glaring disregard of consistency in the operation of this tax, is found in the fact, that "the freehold estate of a landed gentleman is not charged with any duty of descent, except it have to be sold to meet the demands of his family or creditors, when it becomes subject to a legacy and auction duty." In this case it also becomes subject to another duty— that on conveyance. IVithin our limited space it would be imposible to follow Mr. Elphinstone, step by step, through the able exposition which he made of the marked partial ity in favour of land, by which the existing syttem is disgraced. The argument which those who contend for the exemption of land from probate and legacy duty, urge in support of that exemption, is, " that, although it were unjust to relieve land from probate duty under that name, yet still land pays so large an amount in stamp duty or conveyances and mortgages, that it is an equi valent to the legacy and probate duties on personal pro perty." The stamp duties, scarcely less than the probate and legacies duties, also attest the tenderness with which the landlords tax themselves, as compared with the weight with which they oppress the less favoured classes. That the interest which has been thus " protected" from fair taxation will, on the motion being again brought forward, make a strong fight for the preserva tion of its immunity from bearing a due share of the national burdens, is probable that it will suc ceed in staving it off for any lengthened period is un likely. 'The exemption of land from these imposts belongs to a day gone by. Like the old feudal privileges, which have, one by one, passed away, this also must yield to the force of truth and justice. The old fiction, that land has its peculiar burdens, which are not borne by the other national interests, has exploded. " The people out of do rs," said Mr. Elphinstine, " look with grist anxiety to the decision of their representatives upon this question ; because the people of this country are fund of justice and fair play, and they cannot understand on what principle it is that while they taxed the property , of one class of the community, they ist the property of another large class be entirely exempt from taxation. STANDARD,—The question of duelling was again brought forward in the House of Commons last night. Mr. Turner, after presenting several petitions against the irrational and unchristian practice, moved a resolution, " That duelling is immoral in its tendency; that it brings into contempt the laws of the country ; is con trary to Divine command ; and ought to be abolished." The country is indebted to Mr. Turner for his motion, for though the resolution embracing so many abstract propositions—each of them indisputably true—could not properly be adopted by Parliament, which must be, above all things, careful not to affirm mere abstract truths, the Houses of Par liament can hardly be better employed than in dis cussions calculated to awaken and inform the public mind upon the subject of our social duties. The frank expression of their opinions by such men as spoke last night, all condemning the practice of private combat, must go further to limit, if not to extinguish the practice, than any law could do, as indeed Mr. Turner himself proved by the list of legislators and So vereigns who had directed laws against duelling, unfor tunately in vain. Mr. Turner did us the honour to qu , , te the opinions of the Standard upon the subject of avowed six years ago, and to express his approbatiOn of those opinions, with an observation, however, that the Standard does not now go so far. Mr. Turner does us, however, an unintentional injustice in this last obseriation. We go as far as ever we went in our condemnation of duelling—but we do not conceal that roflection and experience have taught us that legislation upon the sub ject of duelling must fail—we would almost say ought to fail—unless it take the matter up earlier than the actualcombut, or even than the delivery or acceptance of a challenge. In every case of a duel the insulter is the real challenger, and, if death follow the challenge, the real murderer. Men of exalted rank—men of proved and distinguished courage—may, perhaps, smile at insults and pass them by ; but the man of obscure station, and of a peaceful profes sion cannot, without a grievous loss of estimation in his circle, submit to insult; and even that loss of estimation, though what most dread as the greatest of calamities, is not the worst consequence of his submission, if he is en gaged in any pursuit calculated to provoke antagonism or enmity. Once set down as a man who would not resent a personal insult—such a man would .be insulted by bullies every day of his life—persecuted by insult to his final ruin. The gentlemen of the bar are our wit nesses; even the humble writers of the periodical press know this. Let not Mr. Turner blame us, then, as hav ing abandoned our abhorrence of duelling. We have not abandoned that abhorrence. We believe it to be sinful and irrational, and that homicide in a duel is murder, as fully as ever we held that opinion; and we believe that the person who engages in a duel, except upon an unequivocal and intolerable insult, incurs all the guilt and ignominy of a murderer—in intention, or in fact, as the case may be ; but, on the other hand, we must allow that one upon whom an unequi vocal and intolerable insult has been inflicted, is not a free agent, more than any other man thrown upon his defence. Mr. Turner goes a great deal further than we are disposed to do in favour of duellists, for he would miti gate the punishment of murder in a duel to trans portation, a change of the law which we should regard with horror, as calculated to facilitate the foulest murder, in the form of a duel—such murders have been committed, and would be committed again, in that state of the law which Mr. Turner proposes. Thirty-six years . ago a major i n th e army quarre ll e d w i t h a cap t a i n of Ills regiment upon some slight pretence, forced him into a small room at night, without seconds, and under pretence of a duel shot him dead within a few feet of his wife and children ; for this the Meer was tried, convicted, and hang e d, an d most geould banged ; but under Mr. Turner's proposed larwi he righteously e at most be transported, probably only imprison e d years. Mr. Turner thus recognises a distinction between murder in duels and ordinary murders—a distinction in favour of the former which we utterly reject. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Curren! of March 15.) Sea as..—To-day rather lower rates being accepted for West India Sugar, making the decline from the highest point this year Is to is 6d per cwt, tempted the refiners to come forward snore freely, but the grocers operated reluctantly, and the gene ral appearance of the market was heavy ; 110 hhds were sold, snaking the total sales for the week 500 hhds. REPINICD.—The demand has been trilling for all descrip tions of refined goods for home consumption during the week, and a greater desire shown on the part of the refiners to sell, who have submitted to a reduction on last Friday's rates of Is. per ewt. To-day the home trade purchased refined goads cautiously; brown Lumps 75s to 75s 6d, standard Lumps 76s tad to 77s per cwt ; there is a good display of samples for sale. Bonded Crushed Sugar is difficult of sale, and 254 94 per cwt is the value of first sort. Mauarrius.—This afternoon the trade evinced little desire to do business, and of 3,993 bags at public sale, a small part only was disposed of, at a further decline of 6d per ewt ; fine )iellow went at 64s to 66. 6d, good 62. 6d to 631 6d, middling bell 6d to 625, low 59.6 d, fine grey 63s to 63s 6d, middling to good 61s to 62s 6d, ordinary 59. 6d to 608 per cwt. )parr INDIA.—This afternoon Bengal Sugar was taken sparingly ; 331 bags 50 casks at public sale, the sound of the tinnier all taken in--good white at 6516 d to 66s 6d, middling 643. damp and washed sold at 62s to 64. 6d, being about yes terday's rates, damp low brown in casks went at 50. per cwt, being higher. FoastaY.—Holders of yellow llavannah for the most part are not disposed to take lower rates. This afternoon /Sallie avhite sold at 23. to 23. 6(1 for good dry ► 2'2s to 223 6el for mid dling, ols to 21s 6d for ordinary, being rather cheaper ; good gig low taken in at 19. to 193 6d, and middling IS. 6(1 per cwt ; of the other sorts, a small part only sold, at a fall of 19 per (Iwt ; Maceie, yellow went at 17 s to 19. 6d, and damaged 140 to 14s 6tl; Pernambuco, damaged white 18. to 20s ; sound -Maceio taken in, yellow at 17s to las, brown 13s to 16s 6d, and and yellow Pernambuco 17s fel per cwt. COFFEE.—There has been no public sale of West India this wee ; privately some parcels have been disposed of at very full rates. Mocha has brought full prices, and the demand pri vately is good ; sales made at 73, to 75s for middling Tbis afternoon Ceylon Coffee was in better .le rnan d py private contract, and 261 bags at auction sold at full rates ; good ordinary pale fetched 70s, mixed 681 to 69s 6d, and triage 639 ; other East India sorts were little sought after ; 473 bags Singapore Java at public tale went is to 2. lower ; good ordinary mixe.l brown sold at 35. to 371, good green 38. 6d to 39s 6d ; 180 bags Padang taken in at 82s for mixed. The closing pries of good ordinary Ceylon were 70s to 7016 d per cwt. Ts.a.—There has been less activity in the market this week ; the purchases made by private contract have been upon a small scale only in black as well as in green Tea ; good and fine de scriptions are held with firmness, but in some cases rather lower rates taken for the inferior qualities, of which the supply principally consists. To-day there was little passing in the Tea market ; some parcels of sound common Congou for money are offering at Is Odd per lb. blcitAsszs.—West India at a decline of Is per cwt this week ; Demerara fine 261 ; St. Kitts fair 24s 6d and fine 25s to 265. Bengal Syrup without change. Cocoa.—Trinidad fine red 58. to 601, good 56 to 571 law t• middling 51s to 555, and grey 49. to 54, per cwt. Foreign at 28s to 32s per cwt. Sescss.—This afternoon at auction 59 bags of white Pepper were taken in at 61 for good middling bold ; the demand for black Pepper is increasing, and it is difficult to buy ordinary Sumatra under 3/id per lb. Rum, BRANDT, AND HOLLANDS.—The Government Contract for 100,000 gallons of Rum, half East aid half West India, has been all taken by Messrs. Ruck, Son, and Fenwick, at the high price of 2s Old per gallon, proof strength. Jamaica very rich high flavour, 34 per cent over-proof, sold at 71 3d ; 20 puns, 27 to 32 over, rather foul, 31 2d to 3s 4d ; the dealers have disposed of 150 puns at 3s 4d t o 55 for low to good, 30 to 37 per cent. over. Leeward. are wanted, 2. 2d paid for small parcels of proof strength. Demerara at 3s Id for 35 per cent. overproof, and fine 37 over at S. 5d per gallon. Calcutta Rum at Is 10d for proof strength; fine brought Is lid per gallon, 2s is now asked for proof. Brandy at the following rates :—Cognac, best brands of the vintage of 1838, hhds 5s lid, puns 5s 9d ; ditto 1839, hhds 51 Bd, puns 5s 6d; ditto 1640, hhds 5s 6d, puns 5s 4d ; ditto 1841, hhd. 5s sd, puns 5s 3d ; ditto 1842, hhds 5s 4d, puns 5s 2d, middling marks 3s Sd to 416 d, and low 3s to 3s 6d per gallon. Geneva of common shipping quality Is 9d to Is 10d taken ; fine for duty is 2s 3d to 3s per gallon. English Corn Spirits 10s 2d per gallon, cash. Gin 8s Sd per gallon for 22 per cent under proof. SAGO.—Good large bright Pearl at 17s 6d to 18s per cwt. Tapioca at sid to 7d per lb for good to fine. This afternoon Sago Flour at 201 to 20s 6d for middling greyish white, being Is to 2s per cwt higher. Rim—The market for cleaned Rice is firm and a good bu siness is doing ; Patna 14s to 17s, and Carolina 21s to 266 per cwt. This afternoon the demand was limited for Bengal, and 351 bags at public sale went 6d lower, middling white selling at Ils 6d, sea damaged first class lls to Ils 6d, second 10s 6d, third and fourth 8s to 9s 6d per cwt. INDIGO.—The market for East India is in a firm position, the tendency of prices is up ds Spanish has been sought for, but few parcels remai ands. TALLOW.—For Rossi the fates paid are 3d per cwt above those of this week ; on the spot 41s to 41. 3d per cwt currently paid for P. Y. Candle of fine quality. For de livery 41s 9d to 42s for the last three months of the year. American Tallow on the spot at rather higher rates. Town Tallow at 41s per cwt nett cash. This afternoon South Ame rican at 30s to 40s 6d for low to fine, and one lot very low 28e, Ibrail 40s to 41s 3d, and New York at 38s to 39. 6d per cwt. OlLS.—Olive Oil at advanced rates, Gallipoli 471 to 47/ 10s, Spanish 43/ to 44/, and Barbary 421 to 431 per tun ; Linseed Oil at 27s to 27s 3d per cwt on the spot, for forward delivery the prices are 5s lower than last year. Rape Oil at 35s 6d to 36s for pale, and 34. 6d to 35s for brown. Palm at 27s to 2816 d per cwt for good to fine. Cocoa Nut Oil at 29s 6d to 325. Cod is fetching 33110 s to 34/, pale Seal 34/ 15s to 35/, and common to fine Southern 311 to 341 per tun. Sperm at 701 to 72/ per tun for British. This afternoon Southern Oil at 3015 s to 3215 s ; Sperm Oil 62/ to 71/, and Headmatter 76/ 5s to 771 10s. FRIDAY NIGHT'S GAZETTE. ST. JAMES'S PALACE, MARCH 13. The Queen wai this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon James Clark Ross, Esq., Captain in the Royal Navy, F. R. S. Sr. JAMES'S PALACE, MAacit 13. The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon Charles Ferguason Forbes, Doctor of Medi cine, Fellow of the Royal College of Physlcians, Deputy-In spector-General of Army Hositals, and Knight Commander •f the Royal llanoverian Guelp h hic Order. ST. JAMES'S.PALACE, MARcH 13. The Queen was this day pleased to confer the honour of Knighthood upon George Philip Lee, Esq., Lieutenant of her Majesty's Guard of Yeomen of the Guard. WHITEHALL, Maacn 13. The Queen has been pleased to present the Re►. James Stewart to the church and parish of Edderachillis, in the pres bytery of Tongue and county of Sutherland, vacant by the re. signation of the Rev. Patrick APlntyre, late minister thereof. WAR-OFFICE, 111.aecit 15. _ 3d Dragoon Guard—E. Turton, Gent., to be Cornet, by purchase, vice Fitzgerald, who retires, March 15. I Ith Light Dracuons—Assistant-Surgeon R. Pyper, from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Maclean, promoted in the 76th Foot, March 15. Ist Regiment of Foot—Assistant-Surgeon W. T. Hoskin, M.D., from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Knox, promoted on the Staff. March 15. 18th Foot—J. G. Fraser, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Cowen, promoted in the 9eth Foot, March 15. 26th Foot—Capt. F. N. Skinner, from the St. llelena Regi ment, to be Captain, vice Piggott, who exchanges, March 15. 38th Foot—Assistant-Surgeon R. Browne, from the Staff, to be Assistant-Surgeon, vice Burton, promoted on the Staff, March 15. 41st Foot—Lieutenant G. M. Hicks, from 95th Foot, to he Lieutenant, vice Minchin, who exchanged, March 15. 44th Foot—Ensign J. Le M. Carey to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice Kipling, who retires ; W. Dunkin, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Carey, Marsh 15 67th Foot—Staff-Surgeon Second Class J. Sheils, M.D., to be Surgeon, vice Home, who exchanges, March 15. 73d Foot-11. C. Owen, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Walsh, who retires, March 15. 89th Foot—Ensign M. H. Oldtield to be Lieutenant, by purchase, vice O'Brien, who retires; C. Richardson, Gent., to be Ensign, by purchase, vice Oldfield, March 15. 95th Foot—Lieut. W. Minchin, from 41st Foot, to be Lieu tenant, vice Hicks, who exchanges, March 15. Ist West India Regiment—Lieut. R. Olpherts, from the 40th Foot, to be Captain, by purchase, vice Grant, who re tires; Lieut. W. W. T. Cole, from the 72d Foot, to he Cap tain,by purchase, vice Trotman, who retires, March 15. St. Helena Regiment--Capt. J. Piggott, from the 26th Foot, to he Captain, vice Skinner, who exchange., March 15. HOSPITAL STAFF—Surgeon G. Home, from the 67th Foot, to be Staff-Surgeon of the Second Class, vice Sheils, who ex. changes ; Assistant-Surgeon A. Knox, from the Ist Foot, to be Staff-Surgeon of the Second Class, vice Ford, promoted; G. Horniblow, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon to the Forces ; J. S. Willis, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon to the Forces, vice Pyper, appointed to the llth Light Dragoons; J. Macnamara, M.D., to be Assistant-Surgeon to the Forces, vice Hoskin, appointed to the Ist Foot; S. Smith, Gent., to be Assistant-Surgeon to the Forces, vice Browne, appointed to the 38th Foot, March 15. MEMORANDUM.—The commission of Lieut. Ross, as Adjutant in the 66th Foot, is to be ante-dated to the 21st Oct., 1843. WHITEHALL, DIARcu 9. The Lord Chancellor has appointed Hartley Baldwin, of Settle, in the county of York, Gent., to be a Master Extra ordinary in the High Court of Chancery. BANKRUPTCIES SUPERSEDED. WILLIAM THOMPSON, merchant, Newcastle-upon- Tyne. JAMES WALKER, machine-maker, Wheat Aston, Staf fordshire. WILLIAM ROSCOE, JOHN CLARKE, and WIL LIAM STANLEY ROSCOE, bankers, Liverpool. BANKRUPTS. JOHN CRAWFORD BELL, surgeon, Norwich, to sur render, March 28, at half-past one, and April 26, at half-past twelve, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Alsager, official assignee, Birchin-lane, Cornhill ; Winter, Norwich; Shearman, Tri nity-place, Charing-cross, Westminster. CHARLES SA VILL, grocer, Rumford, Essea, March 26, and April 30, at eleven, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Follett, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Hind. marsh and Son, Jevrin-crescent. THOMAS EASTOE LUBBOCK, licensed victualler, Butcher-hall-lane, March 28, at half-past twelve, and April 30, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Follett, official assignee, Basinghall-street ; Henderson, Mansell-street, Goodman's-fields. . _ _ JOHN FOAKES, market.g.rdener, March 29, at half past eleven, and April 23, at half-past one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Groom,official assignee, Abchurch-lane. Sharpe, Field, and Jackson, Bedford-row ; Foster, Unthank, Bur roughes, ani Robberds, Norwich. JOHN REES JONES, grocer, Newbridge, Monmouth. shire, March 26 and May 3, at eleven, at the Bristol District Court. Miller, official assignee, Bristol ; Perkins, Bristol. ALICE DAKEYNE, smallware dealer, Bolton-le-Moors, Lancashire, March 23, at twelve, and April 22, at one, at the Manchester District Court. Fraser, official assignee, Man chester; Atkinson and Saunders, Manchester; Makinson and Sanders, Elm-court, Temple, London. JOSEPH WALKINGTON, joiner, Chapeltown, Leeds, March 28 and April 16, at eleven, at the Leeds District Court. Ho, o ffi cial assignee, Leeds ; Blackburn, Leeds. JAMES WADE, paper-maker, Birmingham, March 27 and April 29, at eleven, at the Birmingham District Court. Bittleston, official assignee, Birmingham ; Metteram and Giddev, Birmingham. GEORGE CARRUTHERS, draper, Coventry, March 26, and April 23, at half-past one, at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official assignee, Birmingham ; Nield, Man chester ; Colmore and Beale, Birmingham. NOTICES OF INSOLVENCY. F. Homby, Manchester. T. Bailey, servant, Oxford. J. F. Francis, tailor, Sebright-place East, Hackney-road. C. Cotgreave, jun., law stationer, Chester. S. Haddock, joiner, Nottingham. W. Wheelwright, commission agent, Leeds. M. Edwards, tailor, Mitre-street, New-cut. J. Griffiths, miller. Wednesbury, Staffordshire. J. Davis, higgler, Wolvercot, Oxfordshire. J. Clarkson, c Fle t che r ,.rraibo b oot bt,r caocto engraver,tmob n a i t k aegr maker,tdSheffield. Bradford , Blackburn, Yorkshire. J. A. B A r r a u wd n I d ° 0. a u l l g e mb , ;um, Yorkshire. Ipswich.iller, e Little D C e l r a b e k s t i ? i n r , Essex- J. Cooper, farmer, Brampt on, v J. W. Robertson, tailor, Wingfield, W. Bamford, cowkeeper, Liverpool. J. Chase, grocer, Portsmouth. H. Williams, butcher, Liverpool. W. Andrews, coach trimmer, Winchester. W. Bunting, butcher, Newport Pagnell, Buckin g h ams hi re . T. Wilkins, grocer, Edmund's-place, Lowe r W andsworth-road. R. T. H. Beggs, clerk, Somerset-house, Bolwell-street, Lam beth-walk. F. C. Wollen, tailor, Bath-street, City-road. A. Balfour, lodging-housekeeper, Liverpool. H. Shedden, clerk, Seawall-cottage, Bristol. J. Perry, saddler, Blackmare, Essex. J. Barns, barge master, Roch ford, Essex. J. J. Spiller, attorney, Camomile-street,. London- wall. W. Carr. warehouseman, Camden-cottage, Camden-town. J. Saff Lill, farmer, Gould's-green, Hillingdon, Middlesex. W. Sewell, master mariner, Great Yarmorth. A. M. Sandeman, accountant, King .street, City. J. Bond, tailor, Manchester. J. Yeomans, hatter, Bolton, Lancashire. R. W . Bryant, tail or , Chippenham Wiltshire. King, J. Wattishani, Suffolk. F. Henry, Caroline-place, Regent's -park. J. Claridge, butcher, Oxford. J. Mowbray, farmer, Kirton, Lincolnshire. M. Willack, farmer, Halifax. J. Greene, surgeon, Brewood, Staffordshire. E. Bosworth, Paget-place, Waterloo-road. E. Burrell, Arundel-street, Strand. J. S. Reynolds, milliner, Reading, Berkshire. W. H. Porter, cabriolet owner, Doughty-mews, Russell-square. S. Pegrum, butcher, Notting-hill. S. Sampson, bricklayer, Upper Boston-street, Dorset-square. W. L. Grace, commission agent, Essex-place, Dalston. G. Hemming, omnibus driver, Dudley, Worcestershire. W. Grundy, cabinet-maker, Nottingham. THE SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY EVENING, MARCH ll, 1844. SECOND NOTICES. G. R. Grove, cook, Oxford, March 21, at two, at the Cour of Bankruptcy. Belcher, official assignee. D. White, Gloucester-place, Walworth, March 21, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee. M. H. Russell, plumber, Union-street, Borough, March 21, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Belcher, official assignee. J. Pritchard, tailor, South-row, New-road, March 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Follet, official assignee. M. Bennet, dress-maker, Albert-street, Pimlico, March 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Follett, official assignee. J. Blunt, Newington, Surrey, March 19, at eleven, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Green, official assignee. H. G. Cramer, engineer's assistant, Regent-street, Lambeth, March 21, at two, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Pennell, official assignee. H. N. Cinder, jun., assistant-warehousernan, Compton street, Ball's-pond, March 30, at eleven, at the Court of Bank ruptcy. Edwards, official assignee. R. Bassum, blacksmith, Hingham, Norfolk, March 19, at one, at the Court of Bankruptcy. Lackingten, official assignee. R. Ward, Lydney, Gloucestershire, March 22, at twelve, at the Bristol District Court. Miller, official assignee. G. Penny, grocer, Totnes, Devonshire, March 21, at twelve, at the Exeter District Court. liirtzel, official assignee. J. A. Corkhill, attorncy-at-law, Padstow, Cornwall, March 19, at one, at the Exeter District Court. Hernaman, official assignee. E. Edmundson, shoemaker, Blackburn, March 19, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Stanway, official assignee. C. Knowles, schoolmaster, Gansworth, Cheshire, March 20, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Fraser, official assignee. J. Wilson, parish overseer of Macclesfield, Cheshire, March 19, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Fraser, official assignee. T. S. Atkins, tax surveyor, Leicester, March 20, at one, at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official assignee. J. Campbell, Boston, Lincolnshire, March 26, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Valpy, official assignee. J. Pitt, fruiterer, Liverpool, March 19, at eleven, at the Li verpool District Court. Turner, official assignee. R. Pool, clothes dealer, Manchester, March 20, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Powdrell, official assignee. J. Fryer, grocer, Chorley, Lancashire, March 20, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Pott, official assignee. J. Hampson, •arebouseman, Manchester, March 20, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Pott, official assignee. H. Rogers, clerk in holy orders, Melverley, Shropshire, March 20, at twelve, at the Birmingham District Court. Whitmore, official assignee. J. Cowsill, bricklayer, Lynn, Cheshire, March 21, at twelve, at the Manchester District Court. Holaaon, official assignee. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, March 15. The Earl of SHAFTUSBURY, in the absence of the Lord Chancellor, took his seat on the Woolsack at Five o'Clock. YORK AND SCARBOROUGH RAILWAY. Earl FITZWILLIAM presented a petition, very numerously signed by the inhabitants of Scarborough, against the contemplated line of railway from York to that place. He thought the prayer of this petition ought to receive the serious attention of their Lordships, and also that it behoved the Government,' when a line of railway was proposed to a particular 131 tee, that they should have a right to determine whether such a line was required or not. He thought it was not too late for the Government to take some step in this subject, and he hoped, therefore, they would not fail to do so. The Duke of WELLINGTON said he would mention the subject in the proper quarter, and he had no doubt that proper inquiry would be made. THE CASE OF THE REV. MR. MARSH.. Lord CAMPBELL, referring to the case of the Rev. Mr. Marsh, said the Right Rev. Prelate opposite (the Bishop of Peterborough) the other night had stated that the reason he did not interfere in thi s case was , th a t th e offence was not committed in his diocese, and conse quently he was not empowered by the Church Discipline Act to interfere. He (Lord Campbell) had referred to the Act of Parliament, and he discovered that it was provided, that the Bishop of any diocese in which any offence had been committed by a clergyman, should have the power, if he pleased, of referring the case at once to the Court of Arches..____ The Bishop of PETERBOROUGH thanked the Noble and Learned Lord for having set him right upon this subject. The Noble and Learned Lord had stated truly that he (the Bishop of Peterbo rough) had said that he did not interfere in this case on account of the offence having been committed out of his diocese. The principal reason, however, was the question of time. The offence was com mitted four years ago. It must be admitted that he had shown the disposition to investigate the circumstance. He was informed that the offence was committed during the period of about a fortnight four years ago. This was all he had heard, and he cer tainly did not feel a disposition to proceed harshly against Mr. Marsh, considering that at the parsonage house an excellent mother was living, who was in such a delicate state of health that any agitation might have been fatal to her. It must be borne in mind, however, that at the time he made his inquiries, the facts which came out on the trial were not revealed to him. This person was paid 8001 or 900/. a year, while the duty was discharged by a curate for 1001. per annum. Such cases as those now before the House were of rare occur rence, as was proved by the universal surprise which they excited in the public mind when they occur ; for if they were of common occurrence, the universal aston• ishment expressed at the late scandal would not have been so strong or so general. He could assure their Lordships that the prelates of the Established Church of England took the deepest and most painful interest in all the matters connected with the purity and discipline of that Church, and were determined strongly and empha tically to denounce everything which should b r i ng scandal on its m em b e r s . With respect to the ordination of the members, he could also state that the greatest care was taken to examine the character and qualifications of all the candidates for the clerical office. Lord LILFORD rose, but from the low and indistinct tone of voice in which he spoke, and from turning his back to the Reporters' gallery, we could hardly hear one word he said. We understood him to say that their Lordships must be perfectly satisfied with the explana tion of the Right Rev, Prelate. The matter then dropped. A message from the House of Commons brought up the Consolidated Fund Bill and the Three-and-•a-Half per Cents. (1818) Bill, which were read a first time. Their Lordships then adjourned. HOUSE OF COMMONS, March 15. The SPEAKER took the Chair at the usual hour. Mr. F. MACKENZIE moved that it be an instruction to the Committee of Selection to refer the Edinburgh and Glasgow ; the Slarnannan ; and Edinburgh, Leith, and Newhaven Railway Bills to the same Committee. The Haltwhistle Inclosure, and the Glosset Market Bills were read a second time. SOUTH-EASTERN AND HASTINGS RAILWAY, On the motion that the South-Eastern and Hastings Railway Bill be read a second time, being put, _ Mr. HOPE, with much emphasis, rose for the purpose of moving that it be read that day six months. He thought the House would but badly consult their own dignity, if they allowed this Bill to occupy their time any further. It was concocted fur the purpose of serving the private interests of some gentlemen at Rye. He, therefore, with out hesitation, moved that the Bill be read a second time that day six months. Mr. CURTEIS supported the second reading of the Bill, and contended that all the transactions of the par ties supporting it had been open and fair. He would not go into details, but he called upon the House not to sanction an imaginary line when two fair competing lines were prepared to go into Committee, and be judged by their respective merits. Mr. ELPHINSTONE requested the Hon. Member to withdraw the motion ; he thought the House was no place to enter into the merits of the respective lines. Mr. DARBY said that where there were two com peting lines, the public were likely to suffer between them. He was willing that the Bill 3houd be discussed in the Committee. The amendment was withdrawn, and the Bill was read a second time. RIBBLE NAVIGATION. Mr. WILSON PATTEN brought up the Report o: the Committee on the Ribble Navigation Bill. WILLS IMPROVEMENT BILL. Sir W. HEATIICOTE brought up the Report on the Wills Improvement Bill. BIRMINGHAM CANAL NAVIGATION BILL. Mr. GREENE brought up the Report of the Com mittee on the Birmingham Canal Navigation Bill. Mr. 11. HINI)E presented a petition in favour of the Hartlepool Dock Bill. Mr. HARDY presented a petition against the Scar borough and Leeds Railway Ban. DUEILING. Captain POLHILL gave notice that, on filo motion of the Hon. Member for Truro (M r . T urner), to intro duce a Bill for the abolition of duelling, he would move as an amendment, " That it is the opinion of this House that it is inexpedient to interfere with the existing law, which is already sufficiently stringent on the subject of duelling." _ NEW POOR-LAW. Mr. W. 0. STANLEY gave notice that in Commit tee on the New Poor-law Bill, he would move for instructions to the Poor-law Com m i ss i ons aut h or i s i ng the payment of Dissenting . ministers for attending inmates of their own SUFFRAGE. Mr. S. CRAWFORD gate notice that on the earliest convenient day after Easter, he should move for leave to bring in a Bill to extend the Parliamentary suffrage, and to make other provisions for securing the full, fair, and free representation of the people. INCLOSURE BILL Mr. H. BERKELEY ptve notice that in Com , mittee on the Inclosure Bill he should move to in sert a clause to the effect th at nothing in the Act should authorise the inclosure o f any common land si tuated within ten miles of the cities of London or West minster, or within four miles o f any town having a po pulation of 4,000, or within tw o m il es of any town hav ing 2,000 inhabitants ; the numb er o f i n h a bi tants, i n every case, to be ascertained by the last Parliamentary Census. Mr. W. E. GLADSTONE brought u p th e repor t o f the Committee on Joint-Stock Companies. The report was received and ordered to be printed. DIVIDENDS. T. Townshend,builder, Birmingham, April 11, at half-put eleven, at the Birmingham District Court—R. Ferris, J. H. Butler, and J. Butler, merchants, Liverpool, March 26, at eleven, at the Liverpool District Co urt. CERTIFICATES to be granted, unless cause be shown to the contrary, on the day herein-mentioned. H. Southgate, auctioneer, Fleet-street, April 2—R. Thomp son, draper, Struod, Kent, April 19—H. Cleeve, cowkeeper, Rettenden, Essex, April 2—J. Brown, wharfinger, Notting. ham, April 10—T. W. Wright, dyer, Nottingham, April 12— T. Pottinger, merchant, Austin-friars, City, April 5—J. Southern, grocer, Birmingham, April 5—J. Wheatley, livery stable keeper, Kennington-cross, Lambeth, April 5—T. P. Pino, ship chandler, Liverpool, April 5—W. Pearson, draper, Chelmsford, April 5—T. Molineux, silk manufacturer, Man chester, April 5—M. Cooke, hotel keeper, Evesham, Worces tershire, April 5—J. Abbott, builder, Amwell-street, Clerken well, April 5—T. and B. Brown, linen drapers, Wakefield, April 5—A. Blazdell, harp maker, Upper Charlotte-street, Fitzroy-square, April 5—R. Prince, stuff printer, Pendleton, Lancashire, April 5.—W. P. M. Croft, victualler, Great Windmill -street, Coventry-street, April 5. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. J. A. Forrest and W. Lloyd, glass merchants, Liverpool— J. L. and G. Bond, plumbers, Commercial-road, Lambeth— C. J. and R. Bannister, linen drapers, Derby —A. Huntly and M. Walker, lodging-house keepers, Drummond-street, Euston square—W. Beckitt and J. L. Lamotte, attorneys, Doncaster— M. Devenish, W. Devenish, and J. A. Devenish, wine mer chants, Dorchester—T. Selby, G. Selby, and E. Mackeson, attorneys, Sergeants' Inn, Fleet-street—Buds Canal Trading Company, Cornwall—J. Gibson and J. Tate, quarrymen, Westgate, Northumberland—S. and L. Darthez, merchants, Austin-friars, City—W. Cousins, J. Jones, and J. Cousins, woollen drapers, Bristol (so far as regards J. Jones)—J. Ed wards and W. Danson, brokers, Liverpool—F. and G. Sperrey, silk mercers, Derby—E. Rolls, H. Rolls, and J. Rolls, varnish manufacturers, Grand Surrey Canal-bridge, Old Kent-road ( so far as regards E. Rolla)—II. Roy and J. Hooper, tea dealers, Water-lane, Tower-street—S. Robinson and R. G. Dale, earthenware manufacturers, Longton, Staffordshire—A. and S. Slater, tailors, Albemarle-street—W. Meadows and F. Postill, tar distillers, St. Helens, Lancashire. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATIONS. ROBERT BELL and CO., warehousemen, Glasgow, March 20 and April 10, at one, at the chambers of J. Gourlay, Glasgow. JONATHAN WELLS, ironfmnder, Inverness, March 22 arid April 17, at one, at the Union Hotel, Inverness. PETER CLARK and CO., coal merchants, Dunbar, March 19 and April 16, at two, at the chambers of W. Walker, Haddington. DAVID GRAHAM, merchant, Glasgow, March 20 and April 10, at twelve, at the chambers of K. Ross, Glasgow. THOMAS KINNEAR, wright, Dundee, March 23 and April 15, at one, at the Crown Hotel, Dundee. PRICE OF SUGAR. The Average Price of Brown or Muscovado Sugar, for the week ending March 12, 1844, is 375. 106(1. per cwt., exclusive of the Duties of Customs paid or payable thereon on the im portation thereof into Great Britain. COURSE OF EXCHAI Amsterdam CF. 12 6. Ditto, at sight l2 Rotterdam 2U. 12 7 Antwerp llaniburgh M.B. 13 15 Altona l4 01 Paris, 3 days' sight 25 75 Ditto, 3 months 26 0 Marseilles Bourdeaux Frankfurt on Maine Petersburgh, 3Us 36/ Berlin Vienna, eine. ti. 3 M 958 'lrieste, ditto Madrid 36 Cadiz ilbao 36 Barcelona 36 Seville GE.—(YESTERDAY: Gibraltar — Leghorn 3O 65 Genoa 26 5 Milan Venice 47 Naples 3Bl Palermo, per oz II7IE Lisbon 53 Oporto s3i Rio Janeiro 2:3 Bahia 23 Buenos Ayres NewYork,2ldys sight Philadelphia PRICES OF BULLION, PER 07... Foreign Gold, bars.. £3 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin 3 17 5 New Doubloons._ 0 0 0 New Dollars 0 4 Silver in Bars 0 4 11 PROMISSORY NOTES. (From Last Night's Gazette.) An account of the Average Aggregate Amount of Promis sory Notes payable to bearer on demand, which have been in circulation in the United Kingdom, distinguishing those circulated by the Bank of England, by Private Banks, and by Joint-Stock Banks, in England and Wales, by the Banks in Scotland, by th e Bank of Ireland, and by all other Banks in Ireland, and of the Average Amount of Bullion in the Bank of England, during the four weeks ending the 2d day of March, 1844, pursuant to the Act of 4th and sth Vic toria, cap. 50 : ENGLAND. Bank of England £21,471,000 Private Banks Joint-Stock Banks... SCOTT-tNI). Chartered, Private, and Joint-Stock Banks 2,684,191 IRELAND. Bank of Ireland 3,609,000 Private and Joint-Stock Banks Total Bullion in the Bank of England . £16,011,000 HENRY L. WICKHAM. Stamps and Taxes, March 15, 1844. HAMBURGH MAIL. FROM THE ISAR (BAVARIA), MARCH I.—lt is said by well-informed persons that it will depend on the re sult of the mission of Prince Wallerstein whether King Otho remains on the throne of Greece or not. It is wished in many quarters that the young Monarch, who has undergone so many trials, may lay down the purple and return to his own legal county. In that case, it is true that many millions, which, through King Otho, have flowed into Greece, will have been spent in vain ; for, considering the notorious poverty of the Greek State, an indemnity is quite out of the question. Further accounts from Athens are anxiously expected. In consequence of the present state of affairs in Greece the King has positively given up his intention of going to Rome in about a fortnight from this time. STUTGARD, MARCH 7.—llis Majesty the King has had a more tranquil night, less frequently disturbed by cough ; in other respects there is an improvement, only the fever has not much abated. BERLIN, MARCH 7.—His Highness the Duke of Brunswick arrived here on the sth, and lodges in the Royal palace, in the apartments prepared for him. Unless altered circumstances and direct obstacles in tervene, her Majesty the Queen of England, accompa nied by her Consort, will arrive at Berlin on the 15th of May. But a wish is said to have been expressed in Lon don that the visit, like that to Louis Philippe, may be considered as a friendly meeting, without any political manifestation, as well in the Royal palace as in the hotel of the Earl of Westmoreland, who now occupies the splendid residence of the late Minister, Von Altenstein. Preparations are making for the reception of the august guests. It is ardently desired that the opera house may be ready by that time, but this seems to be impossible. It is said that the Emperor of Russia will pay his compliments to the Queen of Great Britain before he goes to Vienna. The Queen on her return, will pass a few days on the banks of the Rhine. It is reported here that the first stone of the building for the Order of the Swan will be laid this year, and that Queen Victoria will honour the ceremony with her presence. STUTGARD, MARCH B.—The King has had a pretty good night, and is better to-day. The fever has abated. HAMBURCH, MARCH 12.—The Borsenhulle of this evening has no account of the King of Sweden. The Stockholm Mull, of the sth of March, had arrived, but no extracts are given from it. THE HAIU.—Of the numerous compounds con stantly announced for promoting the growth of, or for repro ducing the hair, few survive, even in name, beyond a very limited period; whilst " Rowland's Macassar Oil," with a reputation unparalleled, is still on the increase in public es timation. The singular virtues of this successful invention for restoring, preserving, and beautifying the human hair, are too well known and appreciated to need much comment. The very facts of the high and distinguished patronage it enjoys, its general use in all countries, together with nu merous testimonials constantly received in its favour, are au thorities which stamp its superior excellence and title over all attempts of a similar nature. Being universally preferred, its consequent great demand excites the cupidity of un principled shopkeepers, who vend th e most spur i ous trash as the "genuine Macassar Oil : whereas the genuine article is wholly the invention and property of A. Rowland and Son, and time amalgamation of its costly exotic materals (imported solely by them), renders abortive any attempt to discover its component parts--thus proving the imposition of all other articles bearing the title of " Macassar Oil." The genuine article has the words " Rowhld's Macassar Oil" on the wrapper.—All others are fraudulent counterfeits! of Friday last, a violent thunder lightning in tg sweptasac evening e i x • e os s ee N ( 7 i t i r l i g o i u; s p t a r r o t i s lg, of a Len: v b as rok .N e.S ,er h y ire s . pee l d itt ly e followed by the electric terrible fluid entered bursts of ItlLurtent a l i er. cottage Dur i ng n im the t raging irsi ofstorm, h of Brawdy, near Solva, and instantaneously destroyed two females who were iu the house. — Cambrian. TR/ME-AND-A-HALF PER CENTS. On the motion of the CHANCELLOR of the RI CHEQUER the Three-and-a-Half per Cent. Annuitiee Bill was read a third time and passed. On the motion of the same Right Hon. Gentleman the Three-and-a- Half per Centum Annuities (1818) Bill was read a third time and passed. On the motion also of the same Right Hon. Gentleman the Consolidated Fund (8,000,0000 Bill was read a third time and passed. Messengers from the Lords brought up a Bill, the name of which was not heard in the gallery. IRISH WORKHOUSES. Mr. S. FRENCH wished to know from the Right Hon. Secretary (Sir J. Graham) when the report on the Irish Workhouses would be ready for Members? Sir J. GRAHAM said he had received the report from Mr. Parrythorn, and it should be laid on the table of the House without dela y }'. Mr. P. M. STEWARI also wished to put a question to the Right Hon. Baronet. The Lord-Advocate of Scotland had introduced a Bill into the House, which proposed great alterations in the divisions of parishes in Scotland, and affected important interests in many other ways. This Bill had only been introduced on Mon day last, and was appointed for a second reading on Monday next. Now the draft of the Bill could only be received in several parts of Scotland yesterday and to-day, and, under these circumstances, he hoped the Right Right Hon. Secretary for the Home Department (Sir James Graham) would give a pledge to the House, on the part of the Government, that it should not be further proceeded with until after Easter, or, at all events, until a reasonably distant time from the present. Sir JAMES GRAHAM said that the measure which had been introduced by the Lord Advocate of Scotland was very similar—in fact, almost the same—as the mea sure he had himself introduced last session. He would not say that he would not postpone the second reading, but he thought it desirable that the principle of the Bill should be discussed at an early period. Mr. P. M. STEWART wished to ask if the Bill was proceeded with before Easter, it would be on the under standing that the second reading would not be proceeded with until after the Easter recess. _ _.,..... The LORI) ADVOCATE was understood to reply in the affirmative. ECCLESIASTICAL COURTS (IRELAND) BILL. Sir H. W. BARRON, referring to the Bill introduced last session relating to the Irish Ecclesiastical Courts, wished to ask the Government if, after all the reports which had been made, and discussions which had taken place for the last 25 years, they were prepared to bring any measure for remedying the gross abuse of the Ecclesias tical Courts in Ireland ? Sir R. PEEL said that the jurisdiction of the Ecclesi astical Courts in Ireland properly belonged to the Lord Primate. The Lord Primate had stated when the vacancy occurred last year in the Judgeship of the Pre rogative Court, that he was perfectly ready to waive his right to the appointment, and leave it to the nomi nation of the Government. When tliat appointment was made by the Government it was accompanied by a distinct stipulation that it was subjected to any altera tions that might be made in the constitution of the Court, and if there should be an increase of duties thrown upon that officer, he was not to be entitled to an increase of salary. That appointment was made towards the close of last session, and that lane tionary was now in communication with the Govern ment on the question of a change in the Ecclesiastical Courts. IDOLATRY IN INDIA. Sir R. H. INGLIS said he would take that opportu nity of putting the question of which he had given notice, in reference to the measures taken by the British Government, with respect to idolatry in India. The House would recollect that he had put a question in the latter part of the last session with regard to the separation and disconnexion of the European servants of the East India Company from Mahommedan worship and Hindoo pagodas, and also whether steps had been taken to stop the pension or allowance granted to the idol of Juggernaut. The answer was perfectly satisfactory with regard to the Presidency of Bombay, and all but satisfactory with regard to that of Bengal ; but it was not at all so with regard to that of Ma dras. What he wished now to ask was, whether all connection of the European servants of the Com pany with this worship was to be discontinued?— Whether it was not correct that the subject had been re ferred to the authorities in India as regarded the pledge of continuing the allowance to the idol of Juggernaut, and that the answer was, that no pledge to continue that allowance had been given? He also wished to know whether his Right Hon. Friend would have any objection to lay on the table of the House the dispatch which had been sent with the pamphlet of Mr. Strachan to the Governor-General ? Sir R. PEEL said the House would recollect that it was stated in the pamphlet of Mr. Strachan that 60,000 rupees were paid by the Indian Government for the sup port of the idol of Juggernaut in consequence of a stipula tion to that effect; and he also stated that the pilgrimages in honour of the idol were sanctioned by the Indian Go vernment. A copy of the pamphlet was immediately transmitted to the Governor-General. He had no objection to communicate the dispatch which had been sent on the subject by the Court of Directors. On seeing the dispatch his Hon. Friend would be best able to judge how the matter stood as far as regarded the British Government. With regard to the continuance of the assistance of the servants of the Company at the pagodas, he had to state that in Bombay a Committee was appointed, which took the management of the funds out of the hands of those who managed them before. The same rule prevailed in the Government of Bengal. He was enabled to state exactly what had been done in the Government of Madras ; but he hoped that the arrival of the next mail would enable him to inform the Hon. Gentleman of the steps which had been taken by the Government of India on this subject. He should be prepared to lay on the table all the correspondence re lating to the subject. EXCLUSION OF ROMAN CATHOLICS FROM JURIES. Mr. BELLEW rose to put the question to the Noble Lord, the Secretary for Ireland, of which he had given notice, on the subject of the exclusion of Roman Catholics from juries in Ireland. In the recent trial in the county of Monaghan, of the " Queen v. O'Halloran, M`lienna, and others," which was a charge of Ribbonism, there were twenty jurors returned ; of these eight Catholics were challenged by the Crown, and the prisoners had no right of challenge. The result was, that of the twelve jurors sworn, only one was a Roman Catholic, and the general impression on the pub lic mind was, that the Catholic jurors had been chal lenged solely on account of their religion. In that case there was no question of Repealer or Anti-Repealer, the ease was one merely of Ribbonism. He wished to ask if the Noble Lord could state why the Catholic jurors had bean thus struck off. He also wished to put a question respecting the employment of the Crown witness. It appeared that the Crown witness had been employed as an approver before the late assizes. He had been out on bail, and during that time and while he was in communication with the police, he had continued to attend Ribbon Associations, and he had admitted that he had taken an oath of secresy at a meeting of a Ribbon Asso ciation since he had been in communication with the Law Officers of the Crown. He wished to ask the Noble Lord how it happened that the Crown had excluded from the jury all Roman Catholics except one, and how they could justify the employment of such a person as the approver and prin cipal witness for the Crown, with a proper regard for the due administration of justice? Lord ELIOT regretted that he was not in a position to give a satisfactory answer to the Hon. Gentleman. On the day on which the Hon. Gentleman had given no tice of his intention of asking the question he (Lord Eliot) had written to the Crown Solicitor on the North Eastern Circuit on the subject. He had received an answer from that gentleman stating that he was still on circuit and had not the papers with him which would enable him to return a satisfactory an swer, but that he should return to Dublin on Wed nesday, when he would furnish the necessary papers ; but he declared that no juror had been set aside solely on the ground that he was a Roman Catholic, but that he should be able to assign good and valid reasons for the rejection of every one that he had sat aside. The Honourable Gentleman must be aware, that the instructions on this subject issued by Chief Justice Brady in 1839, and which had been laid on the table of that House, were still in existence, and the Attorney-General for Ireland and the other law officers of the Crown in that country had addressed cir culars to the Crown solicitors on the various circuits, re questing that those directions should be rigidly adhered to; so that if there were any deviations from those instructions the responsibility rested with the Crown Solicitor, and not on the Government. Mr. Maxwell, the Crown Solicitor alluded to, had been appointed in 1831 by the Marquis of Anglesey. He had held the office ever since, and had given satisfac tion to all the different Governments since, and he would not believe that l►e had failed to exercise a judicious discretion in the present instance. With regard to the last question, as he hack received no notice from the Hon. Gentleman on the subject, he was not in a condition to return an answer. RAILWAYS. Mr. WALLACE said that he had given notice to the Right Hon. Gentleman at the head of the Board of Trade of his intention to ask if he could say what was doing in the Railway Committee. He wished to know -Ist. Whether the proceedings of the Committee on Rail ways will show the House, by evidence er calculation, the average cost per mile at which passengers, goods, live stock, &c., may be conveyed in future on new lines of railway, with a reasonable profit to the company and jnstice to the people. 2d. Whether evidence will be taken to show the present cost of conveying her Majesty's mails by railway, and the cost at which these might be carried, were the Postmaster-General to send the mail bags as luggage or goods, along with a guard in charge of them. 3d. Whether evidence will be taken to deter mine if the Postmaster-General were to provide an es tablishment of engines for conveying the mails along railways, together with carriages for passengers, as has been recommended in the sixth resolution in the first Report to this House on railways, which was printed 28th March, 1838, there would be any difficulties made, or obstructions thrown in the way by the directors of the great railway lines having their termini near London, to the Postmaster-General following out the aforesaid re commendation. 4th. Whether evidence will be taken to show why a clause should not be inserted in each Rail way Bill now before Parliament, empowering the Post master-General to command that passenger-carriages shall be attached to every special train which he may require for the public service, with a view to lessen the charge which special trains cost the Post-office depart ment, when sent without passengers. sth. Whether it is intended, with a view to economy and regularity in the conveyance of her Majesty's mails, to take evidence to show the detriment to the public service, and to the interest of the nation generally, which may arise from railway companies having the power longer continued, through by-laws or otherwise, to interrupt or altogether stop the traffic on Sundays. 6th. 'Whether, for the in formation of the public generally, and the railway de partment of the Board of Trade especially, it has not become requisite to take evidence to show that all rail way companies shall periodically, in future, furnish to the Board of Trade, a debtor and creditor account, drawn out on a simple but uniform plan, of their half yearly receipts and expenditure. Mr. GLADSTONE was aware of the great anxiety that existed on this subject, and he was sorry that the resolutions of the House did not permit a disclosure of what took place in Committee, He would, however, give what answer he could to the questions of the Hon. Member. With respect to the first question, he thought it would not be possible to give the average standard of the mileage ; and as to the second, third, and fourth questions, he thought them more a subject for a Com mittee on the Post-office department, than a Committee on Railways. With regard to the fifth question, he must confess that as a matter of private opinion, he would be very sorry indeed if there were a disposition on th e part of railway companies to discourage, necessarily, travel ling on Sundays. In reply to the last question, he begged to say, that he did not think it had become re quisite or desirable that railway companies should in future furnish to the Board of Trade a debtor and cre ditor account of their income_ and expenditure. Par liament had not adopted, nor did he think that it was likely to adopt, the principle that there should be a pub lic supervision of the profits of railway companies.— (Hear.) So far as general convenience was concerned, he, thought the system of publicity which prevailed in matters of railway accounts, gave great satisfaction, and fully answered the end to be kept in view. Mr. HINDLEY would be glad to learn from . the Right Hon. Gentleman whether he thought it desirable to lay down any settled principle for the government of the Committees which were to investigate the cases of com peting lines ; and whether the interest of the public, of particular localities, or of the shareholders, should form the basis of legislation. Mr. GLADSTONE said, it would be quite obvious that he had no power to lay down any rules for the guidance of the Committee. Most certainly the interest of the public ought in all such cases to be the first object. MEDICAL REFORM. Mr P. M. STEWART wished to put a question to the Right Hon. Baronet, the Secretary of State for the Home Department. He would be glad to know when the Right Hon. Gentleman intended to introduce his measure of Medical Reform, and whether he intended so to alter the Apothecaries' Act of 1815, as to admit of S co t c h medical students practising i n E ng l and. • Sir JAMES GRAHAM said, that considering the f os ition of the New Poor-law Bill, h e must hesitate be • ore he appointed a precise time for introducing any other measure. Either before or immediately after Easter he intended to introduce a Bill affecting the medi cal profession throughout the United Kingdom, and which, instead of incr eas i ng , would tend to relax the re strictions which now controlled medical practitioners. IRISH FRANCHISE. Lord J. RUSSELL wished to ask the Right Hon. Baronet, the Secretary of State fir the Homo Depart. punt a question with refereuce to the measure affecting e the franchise of Ireland, of which some notice had been already given. He wished to know if the Right Hon. Gentleman would name a day for bringing it forward, and whether the Bill would be printed before Easter. Sir JAMES GRAHAM would on Monday next give notice of the day upon which he meant to intoduce the measure, and that day would be before Easter. FEES AT QUARTER SESSIONS. On the Order of the Day for going into Committee on the Factories Bill being read, Mr. ESCOTT wished to put a question, of which he had given notice to the Secretary of State for the Home Department. Previous to putting the question, a few observations were necessary. The Right Hon. Gentle man would recollect that in the last session of Parlia ment he (Mr. Escott) had called the attention of the House to a sytem of certain illegal fees, which were taken by the Clerks of the Crown in Courts, and by Clerks of Assize, and Clerks of the Peace, at Quarter Sessions. The statements which were then made by his Right Hon. Friend, and by the Noble Lord, the Mem ber for London, would, he thought, have put an end to the practice, for both stated, in the clearest possible manner, their abhorrence of the practice. At the end of the session, he (Mr. Escott) moved for a return of the number of those taken in the preceeding year. That return showed that 20 counties had abolished the prac tice, but that 32 counties still retained it to a greater or less extent. Now, the practice was simply this :—The Clerk of the Assize or Clerk of the Peace demanded a sum of money from every defendant previous to his pleading guilty and taking his trial. It had been contended that this was legal, because an Act of Parliament gave to the Judges of Session power to settle the amount of fees ; it was therefore con tended, that the clerks had a right to demand a certain amount of fees from defendants. He was quite certain that no Hon. Member in that House, acquainted with the subject of criminal jurisprudence, could think that the clerks were on that ground entitled to take one sixpence from defendants. The practice never would have endured to the present time had it been generally known. He was sure when he introduced the subject last session to the House, there was scarcely an Hon. Member, or at least not more than one or two, that was aware of the practice. Neither his Right Hon. Friend, the First Lord of the Treasury, nor the Attorney-Ge neral, nor the Solicitor-General, knew anything of the practice, nor of the magistrates he had spoken to, ex cept one Chairman of Quarter Sessions. The practice was carried on in secrecy, and in the dark. By those secret means sums of money were extorted. There was no case in which this extortion had been practised, that an indictment for extortion would not lie against the officers of the Court who made the charge. He wished to ask his Right Hon. Friend, the Secretary of State for the Home Department, who had made a very strong declaration on the subject last session, again to express his opinion, so that this abominable system might be put an end to. He hoped the power of the Executive would be exerted to crush it. There was no need for further interference on the part of the Legislature. The laws were quite strong enough if they were put in force. Sir J. GRAHAM Agreed with his Hon. and Learned Friend in thinking ftis a very vile practice, and a state of things that ought to be speedily remedied. He would not presume to say that any opinion expressed by him would have the effect anticipated by the Hon. and Learned Gentleman ; but he felt bound to say that these practices were at variance with the first principles of law. He did not think the defendant should be called upon to pay anything in proving his innocence, nor should he be mulcted when a jury of his countrymen pronounced an acquittal. Such demands were only justi fiable when the judges of the Court had sanctioned them; but the demands sanctioned by the judges were not at variance with the law. Those observed upon by the Hon. and Learned Gentleman were al, origine illegal. FACTORIES BILL. The Order of the Day was then read, and Mr. HINDLEY, before going into Committee, wished to present a petition in favour of an eleven hours' fac tory Bill from the inhabitants of Bolton. Lord ASHLEY presented petitions from Birmingham, Leeds, and Stockport, in favour of a ten hours' Factory Bill. Mr. ',BARMAN CRAWFORD presented a petition from manufacturers and mill-owners in Tewkesbury, in Yorkshire, against the seventh clause of the proposed Factories Bill, on the ground that it would,cause a reduc tion of wages. Mr. M. GIBSON presented several petitions of a simi lar nature. , Mr. STRTJTT presented two petitions from Derby against the Bill. Mr. WA T.LACE said it '14.1., been his intention to move an instruction to the Committee Factories Bill, that they should extend its operatiun t ''her branches of industry ; but as there was so strong,a sire expressed to get e Bill passed into a law, he should postpone to a future occasion the motion of which he had given notice. The House then went into Committee, Mr. GREEN, in the Chair. The preamble of the Bill.was posponed, and Clause I was agreed to without discussion. On Clause 2 being proposed, Lord ASHLEY moved the ametiiiment of which he had given notice. He said it required some preliminary explanation. He meant that the word " night" in this clause should be taken to mean from six o'ci..,ck in the evening till six o'clock in the morning. During the summer months the range of a Factory Bill would then be fourteen hours—twelve for work, and two for meals ; in the winter months it would be twelve hours. With a view to conciliate opposition, he would propose to take eleven hours till the Ist of Octo ber this year, and ten hours in the year 1845. Now, he would proceed to the subject under discussion. Eleven years had elapsed since he made a proposition of a similar nature to the House, which he would now renew. But not at that time did he approach the sub ject with half the anxiety which he new not from any fear of any personal pique, because, " Disappointment is the badge of all our tr bat from tern >:. would not bt able to discharge his duty towards thos, who had confided their interests to his keeping. IL wished, however, to anticipate an accusation math against him of being hostile to the owners of mills. This charge was altogether unfounded. It was a prominent question before the public eye in 1815, when he first undertook the subject. It was a subject painful for many reasons, but it was one upon which he thought an inquiry ought to take place. Ten years' experience proved to him, even if he doubted it before, which he did not, that avarice and cruelty were not peculiarly in herent in any class of men, or in any one occupation. They would ever be found where means of profit were combined with a virtually irresponsible power, whether landlords or manufacturers. And where men possessed such a power, there ought to be a c l ose supervision— (Hear, hear)—some supervision —some public control— some restraints on the indulgence of those passions, which otherwise might be indulged with safety and im punity. How many evil things were connived at when they administered to our profit or even our convenience! They might take as example the awful sufferings of the dressmakers and milliners of London. For whom were they working out their lives night and day ? Was it not to meet the sudden caprices of fashion ? Here were no manufacturers, no landlords.—(Hear, hear.) They rcust ascribe it in many instances to the in difference of the tender sex, and he was ashamed to say that amongst them were many of his own intimacies and his own connexions. There were many instances of kindness among the manufacturers. If there were many bad men amongst them there were likewise many good men, who went even to considerable expense for the comfort of their workers; he would even admit that many of them were the victims of a bad system. He knew that in what he would now state, and lay be fore the House, he would excite a spirit of hostility; but he would say now, as he said before," strike me, but hear me." He would not go into the commercial part of the subject—not because he was unwilling, or, perhaps, unable to do so—but would confine himself to the dura tion of the hours of labour. In other European coun tries the hours of labour were less than they were in this country. In Russia, in Austria, and in Switzerland, the hours of labour were less than they were in England. In France he knew that a law, founded on the provisions of our Factory Bill, was in operation ; but there were a great number of inspectors in that country, whose duty it was to enforce the provisions of the law, and who were inspectors by virtue of the offices which they held. In Prussia, no child under sixteen years of age could be employed more than ten hours a day, and visions were made for their education. To. all countries of Europe, provision was made illaL persons employed in factories should not be overworked, and that proper pro visions should be made for their education ; and surely it was the duty of this country to make proper provi sions for their welfare, when they considered how their numbers were annually increasing. In 1818 the number of persons, of both sexes, who were employed in the cotton factories was 57,897. Since that period they had no return, until 1835, when it appeared that the number of persons em ployed in the cotton and woollen manufactures amounted to 354,682. In 1839 they amounted to 419,591, and o f these the number of persons under eighteen years of age employed in manufactures amounted to 192,880. Simultaneously with this great increase in their num bers, a vast increase bad taken place in their labour. The labour which these persons were now compelled to undergo was three times greater than it had been in the year 1818. A few thousand persons now performed the work of several millions, owing to the introduction of machinery. He had several returns which would show that labour at the present day was three times greater than it was in the year 1815. It had been progressively increasing from that time up to the present year. In 1815 the distance travelled by a person following a pair of mules in the spinning of cotton yarn was about eight miles per day, ca l cu l at i ng twelve hours to the day.ln 1832 the distance travelled by a person following a pair of mules, calculating twelve hours to the day, was twenty miles, a n d o f ten more. In 1839 it ranged' from fifteen miles up to thirty-seven. But that was not all the labour the men had to go through. In 1815 a spinner put up about 820 stretches on each of a pair of mules, being 1,640 stretches in the course of a-day. In 1832 a spinner put up 2,200 stretches on one of a pair of mules, making, on a pair of mules, in the course of a day, 4,400 stretches. In 1844, from returns which had been given him on that morning from a most expe • rienced and practical mill-owner in Lancashire, a spinner put up in the same period .2,400 stretches, or on a pair of mules 4,5300 stretches. This calculation had, been made, as he had said before, by one of the most expe rienced arithmeticians in England, At his (Lord Ashley's) request, he went down to Manchester and made the measurotnents and calculations himself. 14 took a number of yarns in five different mills, viz ; the num, hers 14,15, 30,38, an d 40,and on t h ese hp rea,4 alcala tions. On N 0.14, th e l east di stance possibly travelled was 17 miles a day, and die greatest distance was 97 miles. On No, 15, the least distance travelled was 19 miles, and the greatest 29, On No, 30, the least distance was 24 miles, and the greatest was 37. On No. 38, thu least distance was 15 miles, the greatest 23 i and ] o.g No. 404 11 the least distance tra ve ll e d was 17, and the gr ea te st miles a day. It must be borne in mind, that thesebeiog culations wer e ma d e w h en th e machines wer e ,. the driven at moderate speed. During their wer`'..,l labourers had t o t urn roun d f rom four to five t h°tl7ll times a day. The calculations which be had justify; were partly made in the mills of a gentlenian is a name of M'Connell, of Manchester. This gen; the a also made calculations, and afterwards compared Lord with the calculations of the arithmetician h e tiet e Ashley) had sent down. The two sets of ca lculi!, were found to materially differ, Mr. M'Connell's.l:ls surement being much less ; but, upon examinatio. was discovered that Mr. M'Connell had made n°ll dif• ance for the diagonal movements. This made theber ference between the two statements. The Hon- Ile oe for Oldham (Mr. Fielden) had published a paraL t t hat this subject, and from his calculations it apPe 94 7, o te the average distance that the men travelled in the g e of a day, working at a pair of mules, was 22 riAt t i c e (Lord Ashley) had also consulted a number of °Per o t spinners, and they stated that the average a t leest .bere 20 miles per day. They also stated that althougu ' the e was more work performed than there ever was, ye were fewer men made to do it. They further . t areddto that an inferior kind of cotton was now used, sure, increased the difficulty of spinning. Now the Inn' hee a meats he (Lord Ashley) had read to the House ha own' disputed by Mr. Greg, a gentleman who waslvel t .; o to In consequence of this, he (Lord Ashley) hadw riv his the arithmetician who made the calculations, an"ridi. answer was, that either Mr. Greg's statement was rod culous blundering, or a gross perversion of °bse noir facts. He (Lord Ashley) believed that one man go. did the work which was done by two a few Y ea r,, ie In the year 1819 the number of picks per minu"' eu ted pair of mules was 60, and in 1842 the number 4 113 1 est to 140. They had had the evidence of several e " ; s ee physicians and surgeons to show the fearful c00t:4940 which resulted from this excessive labour. Dr• ib t r o or had stated that diseases of the feet, legs, arms, a n oas t parts of the body were of frequent occurrence ani on the factory people. Dr. Souden had stated thew no thing. Dr. Hawkins had given it as his opinion .t tin lad person under the age of 18 ought to be engle,, h i e y) bour more than ten hours of the day. He (Lo I'D fma el had visited the infirmary in Manchester, and he Notts that it was filled with persons affected with sen been diseases, and these persons were labourers Who had employed in the factories. The m edical get_r t hat who was attending thi s es t a bli s hment sta t ' u sed the majority of the se di seases had been- diet by excessive labour, heated rooms, and lo w tr ies+ The same evils were f o und t o p reva il in other ea ° fe l and a very admirable wo r k h a d b ee n published , 9 ge years ago by a French physici an n a med Billertnior) stated that various diseases, which he (Lord Itsio ea' had enumerated, were prevalent among the Per s °, o lo" gaged in the manufactures of the Continent. it "doll mentable to find the dreadful effects this labour It p a the constitutions of the persons engaged in i t ' pest!' frequently effectually destroyed the visual organ• e ful accidents were continually occurring, and til°9 „,,evoll) • dents consisted of loss of fingers, hands, Bcee ner occurring at a late hour of the evening, when_ WI; of sons became so tired as to be almost regal' danger. He would next dir ec t the attention. '9' the coo~' r ° House to the early period at which superannus menced among persons of this class. It was % e a if' dom that persons above the age of 40 were fu bouring in factory employments. He held a ref" 091 0 his hand of the number of per s ons engaged '1.7, eh° in Moseley, Ashton, and other parts of Laneas"-'1,665, turned out in the year 1831. The number ive s o , e rbo and out of that number there were only 51 P er m soth e „; were above the age of from 45 to 50. pie had return of the number of persons engaged in cel.% 0 04 in Scotland, and out of 1,600 persons there Nite r ti d e in 10 above the age of 45. He also had a return g i n s 1839 of the number of persons engaged in 42 9 4, and Stockport and Manchester; the number was 22,0 e of 451 out of that number only 143 had passed the and 16 of those were retained as a specie bead Of 131 spinners in Manchester, seven only wer e , l oo the age of forty-five, and th e s e wer e refused elnr'.' foal on account of age. He held in his hand by Bolton, from a gentleman employed to make r etn o f 601 the Government, from which it appeared that W ere w ets reduced spinners who were out of employment , !, Oa e more than fifty, and the rest did not average ford f or sir man, at Oldham, who had worked at a factory of we, teen years, and was now only forty-three year ..pfase d had frequently applied for work, but was often 'il e a le it on the ground of old age. The same evil Pf e i v g i ternis iTittee, as appeared in the report of Doctor so d oil a letterro It was found more economical, both in Englan u it letter the Continent, to employ younger workinell• s mote 9 htul been addressed to him, in 1833, by Mr• i '=" t his re . large millowner in Lancashire, and it contained s wot •''.eitable passage :—" You will naturally jail r the 6.17...y.ien, who are said tn - ,l;e, or to be unfit„ ° co da s ; when the/ attain the age forty: As J eL t ` h olgos t seinners Whether young or . - cilo are Prig per pound, the produce of tiv, 5.,2 'nail Is B. b wets , 9,0 expens, because there is a diluinishee. q uagtl o ' w )1 this fact :,, me ti mes occas i ons th e i r discluir t v-, ure ro' (liird Asltee) would ask what agricultur'sl;"; fe ry seperannuated a t f or t y years ? Old m en -of scription adhered to the 42.4 - , ontrittiPd and those who were discharged from the fac / t i' r e j leto i '' almost unfit for any other kind 6f labour-" (%. went on to say that th e o ld men, " men of f o rty ' the Noble Lord), fr equent l y disagreed with their Y oz e fellow-labourers, and preferred living at lu- ane aint earniegs of their c hild ren were sufficient to ni fea tere them. There was not a more alarrnivisti th s° , in the dismal history of factory l a bour .t . ,, eee si men of forty were common l y ma i n tained in 1 "' - hr I le the labour of their childr e.—(Hear, hear.) tl port of the Commissioners appointed in 18? ► s t : it was difficult to 1, -lieve the 94:NS of the rn i en' in factories f rom th e i r appeaftWeA, so comlof te an d.:t e - y premature old age come u p on th ere .- *.l as e heit confidence in the R e p or t o f t h ei p `,z3 for • • , • T. ) tat; ,r,..wecrow,x , a d a augment and intelligence. ! I A• of t,": non which would come) to the House 50n1... e l aifference between agricultural and mall ° ' - f ety ce :f e i cl hour. On an estate in Worcestershire, where ° s cultural labourers were empl o y e d, twenty-thrff, e n ivsh ir e e j: the age of forty-five ye ars . O n an e state in LlP;iploY On where twenty agricult ura l l a b ou rers were e vis tes, eleven exceeded that age. On an estate in th i r ty which sixty-two labou rers were employed, th e 59- , seeded the age of forty. On another estate wore e 0 be principality, on which forty-two laboure rs le du e gaged, twenty-seven exceeded the agwhich f°rlffitteeffte Isle of' Wight, on a small farm, on of I° ,, e - r; bourers were employed, ten exceeded the W o oer - . On another estate in the same island, where were employed, seven were beyond that a g e ' e ad f °l : t r , other, out of fifteen labourers, six were beyon whiogi On a calculation of several small farms th er e e c i e d jr thirty men were employ e d, ever y one exe e .,,,itural,o of forty years. Thus, i n a t o t a l of 341 ag f !'"doel, bourers, employed in different parts of' the a wth were above the age of forty. Contrast th( o f 0 0 4 manufacturing returns, which stated thatt i 7,, 189 ; g o t.. her of 22,000 employed in factories, 0 in Pe , e re beyond the age of forty. On different es tates it s b , estate tA9 shire, on which 427 labourers were eroplor beyond the age of forty-five. Why be would ftresa:i hl experience of Hon. Members, if it were ho!, f : to see agricultural labourers working da" 1 0 . 0 .-- 4 . toe fifty, sixty, and even seventy years et 7„ e ci t°, o * hear.) The employment at the factories s.F_ o pers' i l ie e entirely debilitated the constitution of th e e i r fitio for when discharged, unless supported by `; ;to tion- k eere they generally sank down into hopeless nerl ot , if ' sa y, education of male and female was most de.'" via?, 0 1 were any at all, and their physical condlu ° „ r actin passed by their moral degradation. Th e n rogeor t ioil thrift and economy was a virtue altogether.ool9, these people. They scarcely ever had all, 9 `' . eark,„it, of savings to meet old age. The N° lll . e , l eplefi. e' quoted from returns, showing the state o f t btw in Manchester. These returns showe d z o ff fac t wlfel: 11 jobbers, o r casua l p or t ers , 9 were °a s ' es, `f bourers. Of 37 hawkers of nuts and orana r e.see ers 0 the same description of persons. Of 9 n s a how l ' 1 1 • were cast-off factory labourers. Of 3 .4e lletsott: boiled sheeps' feet, 84c., 22. Of 14 1115 7 113 Kge 87 , of 25 comb-sellers, 16—making a total 0 ! o f thr i deo in the lowest employments of life, and o ut „ o etaP ot er# were discharged factory labourers. Of 34 ,!,,;yl 9b° 1aelt 0* -- 10 operatives in the ,same town, 217 were . _ who wore maintained by their own childrep „ it em of ai"uti i.sg-gatherers, 50 had 1842, in 2.fanchester, of 2 were living entirely on the earnings of til e hadf o - on ee remainder were following the occupations . re d how g ag 45cast-off been cotton; ny e mentioned. The Commissioners had inr be ea e Lfoe ll ,, of these unemployed labourers had w as- - " - r ditesf," on the revival of trade, and the answe r o tsio ft hior one, Dr. Hawkins observed upon the orjer°_„or_ State of things in Manchester; he said tbe ft_ea. eio was reversed, for the children of tender.3Z,o T o te °. porting their parents, whose age she had esar4Cr the prime of life. The evils which he " 1 4 O w GI. revs' f th e e were not peculiar to England, they p i s Brent, and had engaged the serous atte n e. The hea en vernments and crowned heads of EuroPoitrAreila‘in id T,-, nature could not be, violated with in ; l „ ) , l tiOn fringements would cause a bitter real m , id ol physical condition and consequent ino ea ' thtt„ t o th e 1830, a Commission had been apfoint io , it i f irii4 e rto Chamber of Deputies, for the purpose of joOno p, ie , condition of the manufacturing Per u° coton' i9 ,o6'e a r" Lord quoted from the report of i t o bis oo In e11 : 56 1 10" effect of which was, that out -. o . ect ed agriculture in France, 4,029 we re rej ens3 Bs ' th e military service ; out of 10,000 me n of g un ; ste . s or factures, 9,93 C) were rejected beeal rent l e a fil°l l ol' report went on to recommend a diff e r con of Ineautfacturing districts, and stated. 0 1 7 .1 70 .1 1 ear• individual suffering there was plate, and should be at once remew to t he vice , Iv or A report had been preseiVied _O r t he 0 oil Prussia by a General in tUit P.m el if . , itie; lamented the inefficiency these ene., try ' j piae n , i ota facturing districts of Vru.ssia for nl lll l t oo ro jeu id ) declared that if A reformation did Ilc inor e e l lpiPhot the present generation would grow ur ao enfeebled than the former one. i';' er of no in lamented to observe upon the nn were employed in the ma nufacte ri Z t i.,.. o ....L o p to ry' land, notwithstanding that it li W‘ : t ha t f ile ot iOr sicians, of the greatest eminew4s 5 50clie , fi l e col Elliotson, and Sir 13,94. 0 ' . i t a the t ea ': a fe labour was particular!, inhr:iOu s orionire , tion. In the .'\' fit: J irl nof ye ars ag, w a wrote to lk'ou,, to sea that, seven their u gto d 1 Apr fac torp,„ie ree,lee, who were then su Nve , Ve DPW all engaged in the, fact, 110 in ipg twelve hours a day. IL-eition i n pig iri s• seemed to be in especial re?:- l a bour en d facturing districts, and Ina worrier n of '0 el' pporte` quently displaced to emPIYY _ r ow- , r ese ee slif The Noble Lord next entered into ri it o f the gel es ird de‘ails, to prove that the restuthe fotori_;xi tem, which prevailed through" der': iii flilif4nds tended in the strongest ~ +.4 1/4