The Sun. — London, England, 1845-04-03 00:00:00

edition of tee poor, and ,the p:oviSion's for their relief, and that Committee reported that the provision was in Most of the parishes utterly inadequate. In 1843, a Commission Was appointed by the Crown to inquire into the sirue subject, and the report was to the same effect. (The Right Hon. Gentleman then read extracts from the report of the Commissioners , which were to the effect that the provision for the poor aed the infirm was lamentably insufficient) From no inconsiderable experience of his own, he was able to say that the statements were undeniably correct,—Hear, hear.) He would not delay the House by reading over the evidence, as he thought the coincidence of the re ports was conclusive.—(Hear, hear.) The first Act, relating to the support of the poor in Scotland, was that of James VI., passed in the year 1571, and it provided only for the relief of the aged and infirm, or of those who were either partially or totally incapable of sup porting themselves. There were four kinds-of settlement entitling the pauper to relief—birth, parentage, resi dence, or marriage. A settlement once obtained could not be lost, except by the acquirement of a settlement in another parish. The funds which existed for carrying that law into effect were contributions at the parish church, other voluntary contributions, and when necessary a general assessment of the parish. In Scotland, there was a full power of relieving the poor vested in the parochial authorities, which they ceeld (lo by as,:eesinent. The statute which gave them that full power was passed in the year 1579. It was an unlimited power as they were enabled by that statute to procure as much as was required for needful sustentatioa of the poor. It had been the law ever sincel7s9, and was now the law, in several parishes the law was still acted upon to a large extent. The assessment was laid on in this manner—the proprietors of land paid one-third and the inhabitants and householders paid the remainder ; the former paid it according to the rents and profits, and the latter paid the rates, as a property and income-tax. Ile (the Lord-Advocate) was aware that there were parties who objected to this mode of assessment ; but though he had many circumstances on that point, he had not received any authenticated case from any party that he had been assessed beyond his circumstances. In boroughs, there was not one-half the assessment laid as in other parishes, where the tax generally fell upon the landlords. The law made a full provision for the sup port of the poor ; it put in the hands of certain parties a discretionary power of as eessines as fully as it required. In towns, the assessment was voluntary with the magistrates, and the ministers of the Kirk Sessions could not interfere with the administration of the law. In the parishes which were not towns the administration belonged to the proprietors of the land. As to the nature of the relief given to the poor, it was not prescribed by the statute that it should be afforded in any particular form. The statute required that there should be needful sus tentation. It may be given in money, or in any way that may be considered advantageous for them, and the • amount depended upon the opinion of the administrators of the law. It should, however, depend upon the condi tion and style of living of the labouring classes in that part of the country in which the poor exist. It could net be contended that in any place the support given to the poor should be greater than was given to and re paired by the labourers in that district, who supported theniselees. That discretion existed in reference to the amount of relief. It may, however, happen that a poor person is denied relief, and the parish may refuse to hear his case, or listen to his application, as it often occurs; but then the local judge has power under the law is require that the local authorities should meet and take his case into consideration. If, having met, those parties denied his right to be admitted into the list of the poor of the parish, or if they gave him what was too small, then he had the power of applying to the Supreme Court,which could compel the local authorities to do their duty honestly and faithfully. That being the state of the law, every poor person had a right to relief, there was a body armed with the power and charged with the they of administering that relief, and if they neglected doing their duty there was the Supreme Court to compel them to do it. There was the right, there was the ob ligation, there were the parties to perform the obliga tion, and the parties to compel them. It could not be said that the state cf things found in the report arose from the circumstance, that the law was formed when the country was in a different condition, and that the improvi meats of the.country had outstripped the law, for the law had been most full, perfect, and efficient in those districts which had advanced most. Not that the improvements had eutstripprd the law, but that the law bad received assistance from those improvements. He almost forgot to mention that the law of Scotland went furtlit r, it provided for the education of the poor. It was strange that extemporaneous enactments similar in both the countries should have such different results. It aro :e out of the poverty of one country and the wealth the other. At the same time they were not desirous in Scotland of obtaining such a law for the administra tion of relief to the poor as existed in England. He thought that the state of things described in the report was mainly to be attributed to the effects of the machinery of the, law, it was not owing to any unwillingness to disburse for the maintenance of the poor, or to any hardheartedness. There were several cases where exceedingly small sums were given, not suffi cient to aft'orded relief. The relief afforded ought to be in accorc'ance with the habits and mode of life of the labourers who live in the district. The expense was different in one place from what it was in another. For instance, they did not possess the same wealth in Scotland as they did in this country. Why was it that the Scotch proprietors bad parted with their property and that English proprietors purchased it Because one was poor and the other was rich. The power of assessing was in accord-- awe with the wants of the poor, and if they facilitated the mode of administering to the relief c-f the wants of the poor, what could be more desired ? He thought that, in the first place, the means of obtaining relief should be facilitated in the parish - where the poor man became destitute ; for, very frequently it occurred that the pauper was very tar away from the parish in whieh be could claim a lew settlements—(Hear.) lie proposed that each parish should have the power of ascertaining and establishing its own liability, and by that means the pauper not only got relief in the parish in which he applied for it, but he got it immediately. Then suppose the parish in which a poor person was found refused to give him relief, at present his only remedy was to appeal to the superior courts. Instead of that he proposed that the sheriff should have the power to decide the right of the party to relief, and if it should be in favour of the appli cant, then the relief should be immediately granted, and the parish should be liable until a decision to the con trary should be had from the local court. The next point he wanted to draw attention to was as to the amount of relief to be given, and who were the parties whose duty it should be to see that due relief had been administered. At present the obstacles to this were, that there was a want of some central power or authority for this purpose. The remedy he proposed for this evil was, that there should he iu each parish a person to attend to the claim, made by the poor. and to keep a list of them ; and that, in ad dition to the central authority, there should be local boards in each parish, who should make constant re po. ti to the central board of all applicants for relief; and in this way a knowledge of all the poor of each parish would, in a short time be acquired. and of those who had and who had not received relief. Then came the question of what was to be done by those local authori itss in cases of parties complaining that they had not suf fieient relief afforded them. At present, in such a case, th e poor applicant had the superior court opened to him as a court of appeal ; but then it was often at a great distance, and it had many other disadvantages ; besides which the expense w is great, and before a decision could he had, perhaps the applicant might starve ; and even if he did get redress, it should be considered that the money expended in defending the complaint would be meek better ap„lied in affording relief. These were evils which the Commissioners had recommended should be done away with ; and they further recommended that the amount of relief to be given was a matter which should be entirely left to the local board ; they also said that there should be a board of supervision sitting in Edinburgh. lie agreed with them in that sugges tion ; but it should be a board composed of men who ehould have some inducement to attend it, and who shOttid be also possessed of legal knowledge, as well as a general knowledge of the affairs of the world and of the country. He proposed that this board should con sist of nine men, three of them to be appointed • by the Government and to be paid, and to give their constant and daily attendance. The other six should be ex officio members, and the Lord Provost of Glasgow should be one of them. The other cx officio should be the Solicitor. General for the time being, he being a lawyer whose advice on all questions of law would be of value and importance. The three other ex-officios should be the three sheriffs of the three most important counties; and their services should be commanded by some small addition to their salaries. One of those should be the sheriff of what was called the Yorkshire of Scotland ; another should be the sheriff of the Highland county of Itoss, in which there was great agricultural distress ; and the third should be the sheriff of Renfrew, as i t was an agricultural county and came almost on the verge of Glasgow. All these were men, who from their education an position in the country were such as would render useful services to the hoard. With this board, thus constituted, he . would now state how he proposed to dispaopspeolfs ashlloaupld peals made to it. Ile proposed that all ea be referred to it, and in such a case as that of a poor man appealing on the ground that the relief he had had was not sufficient, then the decision of this board on the case be proposed should bo final. He proposed to give the power to the board, where they saw just cause for relief, to determine what was a rea sonable amount of relief for a pauper, and to afford that • relief. Ile proposed that the board should have the power of inquiring and investigating into all matters connected with this subject. He also proposed to give the board the power of dismissing inspectors who might neglect their duty. He proposed also that the parochial boards should be elected by the rate-payers ; and he proposed that the term for giving a legal settlement in a parish should be extended from three to six years. With regard to the manner of raising the necessary funds, he did not think it requisite to make it compulsory on the parochial boards to make assessments. He thought that if the funds were provided, and the poor received adequate relief, it was a matter of no general iniport.:nee in what manner the funds were provided. This was the substance of the Bill which he was about to introduce. It would give speedy and effectual relief to the poor, and give the power to parishes to proceed against other parishes whose poor might be thrown upon the former. It would also give the power of removal to parishes; and it gave the power of providing medical relief, and also of providing education for the pauper children. Provision had been made in the Bill with re gard to lunatics. lie did not propose to deal generally with the law relating to that subject, although the law Iva; not altogether satisfactory to him at foresente H proposed in t his Bill to provide for pauper unatics, and he proposed, in certain cases, to make distinctions as to the pro - , itions t made fo.• the accommodation of lunatics. Regarding a question which had been put to him about lunatics conveyed to the island of Arran, he had to say that in July 1843 he learned there was an extraordinary number of lunatics in Arran. A communication to that effect was made to the Sheriff, who, upon inquiry, found that lunatics from various parts of Scotland bad been sent there in a clandestine manner because the expense of maintaining them.there was less. Means were forthwith taken for the removal of the whole of them, 68 in number, to the respective parishes to which they belonged, and the parties sending them were obliged to pay the entire cost of their removal, and threatened with prosecutions. He had made other inquiries lately, in consequence of the statement of the Hon. Member for Lambeth, and it was ascertained that no person who could come under the designation of a pauper lunatic was then in Arran. The Learned Lord then recapitulated the provisions of the Bill, and concluded by moving for leave to bring in a Bill for the amendment and better administration of the laws relating to the relief of the poor in Scotland. Lord DALMENY commended the Government for bringing in the Bill, but thought it was susceptible of much improvement. Mr. E. ELLICE said the subject was not one of greater difficulty than importance to the people of Scot land ; but he doubted whether the measure proposed was sufficiently comprehensive in details. He doubted,whe ther anything like a voluntary assessment would answer in Scotland. No system could be effective unless it was compulsory. He would reserve his opinions on the present measure, but would simply observe that the present mode of treating pauper lunatics in Scotland was a disgrace to a civilised country. Mr. HUME differed from the Hon. Gentleman who had just sat down, and thought the voluntary system would be successful. He did not think any compulsory power was necessary. He would reserve his opinions on the details of the measure until its second reading. Mr. HAWES said that he had listened with great pleasure to the able speech of the Lord Advocate, and being one who was unaffected by local incumbrances or local prejudices, he was perhaps in a better position than one immediately connected with the country to express an opinion upon the nature of the plan. But there was one point of it which he thought required some atten tion—he alluded to that part of the Bill which referred to the management of pauper lunatics, and the compul sory assessment for the relief of the poor and for their re moval. Now it appeared by the Bill that it was not neces sary to remove a pauper before he was relieved, but that where he had not a legal title to settlement, the guardians were to be empoweredto grant him relief. With regard to settlement, he might observe in passing, that he thought a seven years' residence a very long time, but as the Bill gave a power of relief, and if the relief was not deemed were sufficient by the pauper, there was a right of appeal the other authorities, who could alter the allowance if they thought it insufficient, this did, in fact, institute a rate of relief, and establish the compulsory assessment by im posing punishment where the requisite relief was not given. With respect -to the case of the lunatics in the isle of Arran, cited by the Honourable and Learned Lord Advocate, he would merely observe that he conceived the establishment of a lunatic asylum would prove anything rather than an unnecessary expense. In Surrey, where they had gone to an enor mous expense in the erection of an asylum, believed to be more than 100,0001., and where they were subject to a heavy rate for its support, which was likely to continue for four years longer, the chief of the expenditure had been occasioned by the delay in providing a place for the reception of the persons subject to the unhappy malady. It was decidedly the opinion of medical men, that the sooner the complaint was taken, the more easily was it cured ; and he thought, therefore, that the more amply the provision for the necessity of this nature was laid down, consistently with the necessities of the case, the better, but he could not sit down without thanking the Government for having taken up this very important subject, and for the able and lucid manner in which it had been treated by the Lord-Advocate, than whose address he had never listened to a more lucid and com prehensive one in that House. Mr. F. FRENCH inquired if there was any provision in the Bill for the relief of distressed Irishmen in Scot land, who were not entitled to residence, and whether there was any intention of extending any of the provi sions of this Bill to the Irish poor-law. Sir J. GRAHAM said that her Majesty's present ad visers were not responsible for the introduc tion of the present poor-law into Ireland, though they were desirous of progressively introduc ing as many improvements as possible into the Irish poor-law. But this was a Bill for Scotland only, and its provisions were adapted only for that country. The Hon. Gentleman must recollect, with respect to the other part of his inquiry, that when a number of Scotch men were located in Belfast, and requiring relief, that no provision had been made for them ; and he could not expect that any greater burden should be imposed on Scotland, than Ireland had been ready to bear. He would not sit down without thanking the Hon. Member for Lambeth (Mr. Hawes), for the very handsome testi mony which he had borne to the able manner in which his Bill had been introduced into the House. He (Sir J. Graham) must himself say, that a more able, lucid, and complete statement, bad seldom been made to that House by a Minister of the Crown. Her Majesty's Government had thought them selves exceedingly fortunate in securing the able assist ance of the Hon. and Learned Lord-Advocate in pre paring the Bill, which he believed would be likely to be of great utility and importance to the people of Scotland. Leave was then given to bring in the Bill. The Bill was brought up and read a first time, and the House adjourned. RAILWAY BUSINESS IN PAR LIAMENT. TuEsDAY, Arnit. 1 Neweastle-up3n-Tyne and North Shields Railway (Tyne. mouth Extension, &c.) Bill,—Read a second time, and com - miffed, and referred to the Committee of Selection. Brighton and Chichester Railway (Portsmouth Exten sion),—Petition for Bill reported; report referred to the Select Committee on Standing Oiders. Greenwich Colliery Railway,—Report from Select Com mittee on Petitions fur Private Bills read; Bill to be read a second time on Monday next. NOTICES GIVEN AT THE PRIVATE BILL OFFICE. Bristol and Gloucester and Birmingham and Gloucester Railway,—postponed from Monday 7th till Wednesday, April 16. PARLIAMENTARY DIVISIONS (From the Votes and Proceedings of the House of Commons.) TUESDAY, APRIL 1. POST-OFFICE. Motion made, and Question put, " That this House has learned with regret, that with a view to the prevention of a political move ment in Italy, and more especially in the Papal States, Letters ad dressed to a Foreigner, which had no relation to the internal tran quillity of the United Kingdom, should have been opened under a warrant bearing date the Ist day of March, and cancelled on the 3d day of June, 1844, and that the information obtained by such means should have been communicated to a Foreign Power." The House divided : MINORITY-AYES, 38. Aldam, William Dalmeny, Lord Rawdon, Colonel Bannerman, A. D'lsraeli, B. RugsPil, Lord J. Baring, F. T. Duncan, Viscount Somerville, Sir W. Barnard, E. G. Forster, Matthew Stuart, W. V. Bellow, R. M. French, F. Strutt, Edward Bernal, Ralph Granger, T. C. Tancred, H. W. Bouverie, E. P. Grey, Sir George Thornely, Thomas Busfeild, William Hawes, Benjamin Walker, Richard Butler, Colonel Heathcoat, John Warburton, H. Butler, P. S. Ilowick, Viscount Ward, H, G. Christie, W. B. Morison, General Chapman, B. Osborne, Ralph TELLL&S. Colebrooke, Sir T. Palmerston, Viscount Shell, R. L. Collins, William Pluotridge, Captain Buncombe, Thomas MAJORITY—NOES, 52. Acker', James Goulbum, Henry Pringle, Alexander Arland, T. D. Graham, Sir J. Round, John Arbuthnott, 11. Greenall, Petei' Sandon, Viscount Bane, Colonel Hamilton, G. A. Smith, T. B. C. Baird, William llauni.ton, Lord C. Somerset, Lord G. Baring, W. B. Hampden, Renn Somes, Joseph Benbow, John Harcourt, G. G. Spooner, Richard Borthwick, Peter Hodgson, F. Stewart, Joint Browne, W. Hope, Charles Sutton, Henry Cardwell, Edward Knight, F. W. Tennent, J. E. Clive, Robert 11. Mackenzie, T. Thompson, ,klderniau Compton, AL C. M'Ceachy, F. A. Trench, Sir F. w Coote, Sir C. 11. Masterman, John Turner, Edmund Darby, George Mundy, E. M. Wood, Colonel '1 Escott, Bickham Newdegate, C. N • Fremantle, Sir T. Nicholl, John Fuller, A. E. O'Brien, A. S. Gaskell, J. AI. Packe, C. W Gordon, Captain Peel, Sir It. TELLERi. Baring, Henry Young, John VAN DIEMEN'S LAND COMPANY.—On Tuesday the twentieth annual meeting of the Proprietors of this Company was held at the offices, Old Bond-street, Mr. John Cattley in the chair. The report, which was read by the secretary, stated that the assets of the Company amounted to 394,0001. ; of this 234,000/. had been called up, leaving a balance in stock and buildings of 160,0001. At the last annual meeting the Directors announced the completion of the survey of lands in the larger districts, and they had How the pleasure of stating that in a dispatch from Circular Head, dated May 13,1844, their agent reported that the entire survey would probably be completed within three months of that date, and also that he had entered into an arrangement with the colonial Government for the formation of a road for the settled districts on the Company's lands, by a more level and far preferable route recently discovered, which led in a direct line to Emu Bay, instead of the difficult and circuitous route hitherto employed. Two-thirds of the expense incurred would be defrayed by the local Government, and the re mainder by the Company. All future expenses would be borne by the Government. The report stated, in conclusion, that the Company was more flourishing than in former years, although even now the Directors were unable to recommend a dividend. A long discussion ensued, after which the re port was adopted. Mr. Catley was elected Governor of the Company, vice Mr. Bimie, resigned ; and Mr. Marshall was appointed to the Deputy-Governorship, vacant b y the pro motion of Mr. Cattley. The retiring Directors wer e re-electe Tug PATRIC K H ENRY .—A ru mour prevailed .E t own yesterday that the fine packet - ship Patrick Henry, C fo a r p s ta e i w n D y e o l r a k n , o , w w i h th ich was lost in the Channel . uP TTsailed uhfrom rrumour this our port w a destituteon Sun d Sunday foun dation. uasnt.. dation. In p ass i ng t h e , Ards of 300 emigrants on board , Shakspeare (one o f Mr. Kendk but little or no da mage was al s vessels) came in collision, the Patrick Henry and done, and both vessels proceeded on their way—the Patrick w l ,r i , e e n r. 7 for New York, and the seheusearrivoedfl Governmentyesterday.— Shakspeare /or Liverpool, Liverpool Journal of Saturday. The electric telegraph for th at work. rl t 3 iareßh the e n u o t w G r n eg r a t R he ai t l e w rm ay in i u s T on he th w e ir S e o s u e t x h t - e N n V d es f t r e o rn m t fortifications, and into the Royal Clarence-yard. semaphore is erected, which communicates with the one a the Commander-in. Chief's residence in the dockyard, so n t e h i a n messages can be conveyed to and from the Admiralty as often as may be required. The arrival of the Dublin and Resistance was made known at the Admiralty on Tuesday by this telegraph—the weather being so thick that the ordinary elegraph was useless.— United Service Gazette. STATE OF TRADE.—To-day's market has on the whole been rather quiet, with a tendency to a little lower brices, and not much business done. This applies to oth goods and yarn. ROCHDALE FLANNEL MARKET, MONDAY, MARCH, 31.—The market to. day has been ex tremely flat, and very little business has been transacted. In the wool market there is no change to report.—Man cheater Guardian. TrIE N, LONDON, TiI.T7RSD AV MORNING-, APRIL 3, 1845, SPORTING IN TELLIGE: SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YasTERDAy GLOBE.—Sir James Graham is to the Cabinet of Sir Robert Peel what Jonah was to the mariners of Tarshish. Almost every storm that rages againstAlse policy of Ministers is caused, directly or indirectly, by some measure which origi nates with, or emanates from, the department over which the unfortunate Home Secretary presides. If not more damaged, Ministers have been more humiliated and disgraced in the estimation of the country, by the impertinent interference and pertinacious adherence to wrong doing which seems to characterise the Right Hon. Baronet's department of the Government, than by the enormities of the income-tax, or the paltering commercial policy of Sir Robert Peel. Another of those annoying discussions which— though they end in a majority in favour of the Government in Parliament—elicit facts which generally produce deeply seated contempt and scorn beyond its doors, came off last night in the House of Commons. Mr. Shell moved, in specific terms, " the regret of the House that letters addressed to a foreigner residing in this country had been opened without his knowledge ; and that information in refer ence to disturbances in the Papal States, obtained by such means, should have been communicated to a foreign Power." The detention and opening of letters at the Post-office, by au thority of warrants issued by Sir J. Graham, as Secretary of State, had been already the subject of long and fierce de bate, on various forms of motion, and had been inquired into by Select Committees of both Houses of Parliament. It was, therefore, scarcely to be expected that any additional facts could be imported, or new matter be introduced into the dis cussion. Mr. Sheil, with considerable tact, so shaped his motion as to exclude direct censure upon the act of de taining and opening the letters of a foreigner resident in this country; and confined the motion to an expression of regret on the part of the House, that such a course of proceeding should have been adopted. The motion was in this form of an abstract proposition, involving no ulterior proceeding. It might, therefore, have been adopted by the House of Commons without doing any positive additional injury to the Government, through its Home Secretary, than had been already inflicted on it by the exposures which had already taken place. A majority of fourteen in a House of ninety Members, saved Sir James Graham from the implied censure of the motion. Thus, by implication, the House voted that the rights of hospitality, due to foreigners resident in this country, may be violated ; their letters detained ; their contents examined ; and the worst description of espionage exercised against them by the Government, without regret on the part of an English House of Commons. These fo reigners thus treated neither were, nor were they suspected to be, engaged in any conspiracy or seditious correspondence against the British Government, on whose good faith and protection they had cast themselves. But some foreign State, with the fears characteristic of despotism, chose to regard them with jealousy, and sought to entrap their connexions still within its power, with whom they might correspond. By inducing the British Government to intercept their letters on their passage through the Post office, and thus to perform the ignoble office of spies upon these exiles, the vile purpose was sought to be accomplished. No blame can be cast on the foreign Power which asked such acts at the hands of a British Minister. But what will be said—rather, what ought to be said—by a British Howe of Commons of the compliance of a British Minister with such an application? Is not a refusal to express regret at the conduct we have described, very much like an approval of that conduct? STANDARD.—Mr. Shell brought forwerd the Mazzini case once inure last night, in a speech marked by the Right Hon. Gentleman's peculiar style, but the House was a thin one, and the speech failed of the usual effect of Mr. Shell's speeches ; it however had one good consequence, in calling forth from Sir J. Graham not only an ample and unreserved dis closure of all the circumstances connected with the opening of Mr. Mazzini's letters, but also a very curious and interesting sketch of what is believed to be Mr. Mazzim's political his tory. This person, who has been hitherto supposed to be a mere wild political dreamer, a sort cf Italian Sieyes, manufac turing, as an amusement, constitutions for his ceuntry in his present safe retreat, was, it appears, regarded in France, in Switzerland, and in Belgium as something not quite so harm less. Sure it is that he did not favour England with his pre sence, or Mr. Tom Duncombe with his friendship, until he had found it convenient, if not necessary, to withdraw from the three free countries referred to. So long ago as in 1831, Mr. Mazzini, with other fugitives from an unsuccessful attempt at rebellion in Italy, fled to France, and domiciled themselves at Marseilles, where they soon organised a society under the name of " Young Italy," of which Society Mr. Mazzini was President. This Society appears to have kept up an active correspondence with the malcontents still remain ing in Italy, and to have maintained a hot war upon the established Italian governments, through the medium of publications at Marseilles and in the Maltese journals, This was an occasion of considerable annoyance to the Governments assailed, who remonstrated with the French Government, and, through the British Minister at Florence, Sir Hamilton Seymour, with the Government of this country. Neither the British nor the French constitution, however, al lowed the power to silence the appeals of "Young Italy," and so the war of journalism went on until some Italians, either employed by their Government, or volunteers—which is not known— entered the field against the association at Mar seilles, making the attempt fairly to write- it down. This was undoubtedly a legitimate course, and one which would delight men confident in the strength of their cause. It was a course that we wish to be adopted by all despotic Governments, and there would soon be an end of despotism. The process of literary defence is a process of moral ablution, which forces those engaged in it to really purify themselves, that they may appear pure. If the "Young hal% " of Marseilles had been in earnest in pursuit of the freedom of their country, they would have rejoiced in nothing more than the opportunity of discussing the political rights which it ought to enjoy. We have not, however. now to learn from the confederacy of Marseilles, that political conspirators are not always true to their profession—indeed, it has long been well understood that they who claim a monopoly of the love of " liberty " are lovers so jealous, that they will allow none to share with them the favours of " the mountain nymph." The confede rates of Marseilles were no exception to this general rule. be the leading characteristic of Mr. Polk's administra tion. After stating his intention to use all the means in his power for the annexation of Texas, the new President goes on to, say, " Nor will it become in a less degree my duty to assert and maintain, by all constitutional means, the right of the United States to that por tion of our territory which lies beyond the Rocky Moun tains. Our title to the country of the Oregon is clear and unquestionable ; and already are our people pre paring to perfect that title, by occupying it with their wives and children." According to this doctrine pos session is all that is necessary to perfect a title ; where ever an American citizen thinks proper to plant his foot, the soil becomes his. The claims of England to the territory in question, the negotiations that have been carrying on respecting these claims, are not so much as hinted at. Great Britain is evidently a country beneath the official dignity of Mr. Polk to notice ; and it is altogether a curious feature in the Message, that no alluSion.is anywhere made to the relations which subsist between the Government of the United States and any of the countries of Europe. There is, on the contrary, a sort of repudiation of these States, implied in the following passage :—" All alliances having the tendency to jeopard the welfare and honour of our country, or sacrifice any one of the national interests, will be studiously avoided ; and yet no opportunity will be lost to cultivate a favourable understanding with foreign Governments, by which our navigation and commerce may be extended, and the ample products of our fertile soil, as well as the manu factures of our skilful artisans, find a ready market, and remunerating prices in foreign countries." Although the allusion is made in general terms there can be no difficulty in understanding that England is the power designated in the first clause of this paragraph. Eng land will remonstrate against, if she dots not resist, the annexation of Texas. She will exert her influence with that republic to prevent such a consummation ; and she will, therefore, in Mr. Polk's view, " jeopard the wel fare and honour" of the United States. Again, England claims a portion, at least, of the Oregon territory, to which the President says the United States has a clear and unquestionable title, which they are preparing to perfect by taking possession. here also England " jeo pardy the welfare and honour" of the Union, and he gives us timely warning that he has a rod in pickle for us ; he will studiously avoid all alliance with us ; and we firmly believe that this will be the least offensive part of his policy towards this country.—Shipping Gazette of last Evening. BETTING AT MANCHESTER-TUESDAY, CHESTER CM-10 to 1 agst Obscurity (take 11 to 1), 11 t.) 1 agst Semiseria, H to 1 agst Cataract, 13 tD 1 agst The Era (t), 20 to 1 agst Strathspey, 20 to 1 agA Wmeiour (0, 30 to 1 agst Portrait (0, 30 to 1 agst Pug, 45 to 1 agst Trueboy (t), 8 to 1 agst the Irish lot (offels to take). Two THOUSAND GUINEAS STAKES.-5 to 2 agst Idas (t), 3 to 1 agst Kedger (t), 6 to 1 agit Weatherbit. DERBY.-10 to 1 agst Alarm, 14 to 1 agst Kedger (t), 15 to 1 agst Idas, 18 to 1 agst Pam, 25 to 1 agst Cob• web c, 25 to 1 agst Weatherbit (t), 25 to 1 agst News monger, 30 to 1 agst Mentor, 37 to 1 agst Annandale, 40 to 1 agst Fitz-Allen (t), 40 to 1 agst Doleful, 40 to 1 agst Ironmaster, 12 to 1 agst Forth's lot (offers to take). OAKS.-6} to 1 agst Lancashire Witch, 12 to 1 agst Maid of Orleans. THE WINDSOR MILITARY STEEPLE-CHASES. WINDSOR, TUESDAY.—The Earl of Rosslyn, the of fble Master of the Buckbounds, has kindly altered the days of hunting during the present week, in order that they may not interfere with the steeple-chases, the appoint ments being on Monday, Tuesday, and Friday; the chases taking place on Wednesday and Thursday. The military chase closed with eight entries. Last night the 51. sweepstakes, with 301. added, closed with eight entries ; all the horses have arrived in the neighbour hood, and will no doubt go to the post. The Hack Race (being the third race of the first !ay) of 2 sous. each, with 10 added, also closed on Monday night with thirteen entries. The ground, which is in excellent order, is admirably chosen in the neighbourhood of Oakley-green, about two miles from Windsor, the starting post being on Mr. Wen• der's farm. There are no less than twenty-eight leaps, including a brook of about thirteen feet wide, which is of a far less dangerous character than the brook of the two preceding years ; neither are any of the fences of so desperate a character as those of last year, most of them being clipped down to a certain height. The town and neighbourhood is fast filling with sport ing characters, and if the weather continues fine, there is no doubt but we shall be unusually gay. The promises of entry for the gentlemen's match, which comes off on the second day (Thursday) are already numerous. The nobility and gentry's ball takes place on the evening of the second day's chases. HER MAJESTY'S BUCKHOUNDS.—Upwards of one hun dred were at the meet on Monday, which took place at the Golden Ball, Bracknell, where an untried deer was uncarted shortly before twelve o'clock. The deer took away towards Binfield Church, skirting the paling of Billingbear Park to Shurlock-street, and thence to Shottesbrook, on nearly to the Great Western Railway, where it doubled back to White Waltham, and was taken on the common near the Bray-cutting, after a very pretty run of an hour and ten minutes, at a good hunting pace thrc ughout. IRELAND. REPEAL ASSOCIATION. DUBLIN, MARCH 31.—The weekly meeting of the Association was held this day in the Conciliation Hall, Caleb Powell, Esq., M.P.for Limerick, in the chair, who congratulated the meeting on the glorious demonstration in favour of repeal which had lately taken place in Kil kenny, and which, he observed, clearly demonstrated that the spirit of '43 was still triumphant. Mr. O'CONNELL handed in a number of remittances, and read a mass of correspondence which accompanied them. In reference to a letter from a parish in the county Kildare, complaining of apathy on the part of the repealers with regard to the registry, Mr. O'Connell urged the absolute necessity of an immediate registra tion. It would, in his opinion, be much better to return Tories than pretended friends. For his part, he had no reason to quarrel with the Tories at all ; their measures were admirable, and he was almost afraid he would have to fall in love with Sir Robert Peel hinsself.—(Loud cheers and laughter.) The Hon. Gentleman then ad verted to the outrages which had been recently com mitted in the north of Ireland on unoffending Catholics, but as an investigation into the matter had been directed by the Government, he would abstain from going into particulars. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN brought forward the report of the judges appointed to consider the essays on the repeal of the union. The report stated that there were forty eight essays sent in, each of which the judges read sepa rately, and on the termination of their labours they com pared their notes and opinions, and unanimously awarded the first prize to M. J. Barry, Esq., (barrister), the second to M. Staunton, Esq., Alderman ; and the third to an " Irish Protestant." The judges expressed their regret that they were not at liberty to mention the name of the author of the latter essay, as the publication of it would expose him to persecution. The Hon. Gentleman announced that the Committee of the Association had determined on offering a prize of 1001. fur the best his tory of Ireland down to the present time, such history to be delivered to the secretary of the Association on or be- THE COLLEGE OF MAYNOOTH. Sir Robert Peel, on Monday night, entered on the books of the House of Commons a notice of his intention to-morrow (Thursday) " to move, in a Committee of the whole House, for a Bill to amend the Acts relating to the College of Maynooth." Such is the 'form in which the Prime Minister has couched an intimation, the bare rumour of which has excited no slight amount of dissa tisfaction and complaint. At the present moment, therefore, a brief review of the past history of this col. lege may not be uninteresting. It is situated in the county of Kildare, which also contains another of the principal Roman Catholic educational establishments in Ireland, namely, that at Clongoweswood. The Royal College of St. Patrick, Maynooth, was founded pursuant to an Act passed by the Irish Parliament in 1795. The object of the institution is professed to be to provide " a home education" for the Irish priesthood of the Roman Catholic Church, who were formerly obliged to resort to the various colleges on the Continent. It was first opened for the reception of 50 students, in October, 1795, and consequently, in the autumn of the present year, will complete its first half century. A lay college was attached soon after the commencement of the estab lishment, but that addition to the original plan was dis continued in 1817. The buildings of the College in its pre sent state are fitted for the accommodation of 450 students. Of this number 250 are free students, who are selected by the bishops of the several dioceses, at yearly provincial examinations. They pay eight guineas upon their en • trance into the College, and that is their only expense. The rest of the students in the establishment are either "pensioners," who pay twenty-one guineas per annum and four guineas entrance, or "half-pensioners," who pay only half that amount a year. The expenses of the College are supported by these various sources of re venue and by private bequests, in addition to the pre sent Parliamentary vote of 8,9281, granted each year. The College is governed by a President, Vice President, Dean, and Procurator, or Bursar ; and the education of the students is under the superintendence of professors of the Sacred Scriptures, of dogmatic theology, moral fore the 30th May, 1846. Mr. O'CoNNELIA seconded the proposition, and ex pressed his conviction that no m in was calculated to write a history of Ireland unless in heart and feelings he was thoroughly Irish.—(Cheers.) Ile wished the his tory to be written in a manly, uncompromising, and can did sprit; that all facts should be stated clearly and dis tinctly, and that all partiality should be studiously avoided. Mr. SMITH O'BRIEN, M.P., then moved the following resolution :—" That tilt? Committees of this AssoCiai ion be empowered to support the efforts now in progress f promoting the industrial education of the Irish people, and that they be instructed to report whatever nie.i sures they may recommend for adoption." The Hon. Gentleman dwelt at considerahle length on the necessity there existed for the formation of polytechnic institu &lts, and for the promotion of industrial knowledge, and dwelt on the equity of having the public establish ments in Ireland supplied with the produce of Irish industry, Mr. J. M'lsTEvis (barrister) seconded the resolution. M. O'CONNELL announced that he had received an . - theology, natural and experimeTtal philosophy, logic, belles lettres, Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, English do cution, and of the Irish and French languages. The students rise at half-past five o'clock, and retire to rest at half-past nine in the evening, eight hours being thus allowed for repose. The students usually remain at the College for their period of study for five ye:as. Two of these are devoted to humanity, logic, and mathematics, and three to theology. The course, however, is some times shortened by the omission of mathematics from the of the studies. The College buildings consist of a plain centre, with extensive returning wings. The cost of its erection was 32,0001., before some late additions had been even commenced. There are fifty-four acres of land attached, which are laid out as a park for the re creation of the students.—Post. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. CITY, TUESDAY EVENEIG, TIMES.—The premium on gold at Paris is 19 per mille, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25 63 ; and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25 85, it follows that gold is 0.85 per cent. dearer in London than in Paris. By advices from Hamburgh, the price of gold is 4361 per mark, which, at the English Mint price of 31. 17s. 10d. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13 104 ; and the exchange at Hamburgh on London at short being 13 12i. it follows that gold is 0.91 per cent. dearer in London than in Hamburgh. The half-yearly general meeting of the Patent Galvanised Iron Company was held at their offices yesterday, when a dividend of eight per cent. (free of income-tax) was declared for the half-year endin g the 31st of December. An addition of erection so fourv..as made to the capital (now 200,000/ ), for the more blast furnaces in Wales, and adding to " the Company's works in Staffordshire. The additional capital was raised in the room at once. To show how the mania for railway speculation has ex tended in France, it may be stated that share markets have been established at Marseilles and Lyons, and that it is in tended to give lists of prices at those towns, independently of the Paris Bourse. A correspondent writes to warn the public that the plate glasswould otherwise derive from the removal of co mpanies are ta kin g m easures to deprive them of t he adduvt)a,utaAgentibeeetying of these companies, it seems, was lately held, which resulted in a tariff of prices, according to which squares containing more than ten superficial feet would be as expensive, or more so, than under the old system. They pro posed, indeed, to lower the price, but the discount they intend to allow from the tariff is, according to this authority, so much less than the former discount, that glass of large size will be as dear as ever. HERA LD. —We understand that the Directors of the Bank of England have carried out an intention, to which we alluded some tim e a g o, of p lacin g the rate of d iscount at the branches on the s ame footin g as in town. The minimum rate is 21i per cent. for what the manager may class as un doubted bills, and, of course, with the discr e ti on o f c h arg i ng higher for inferior paper. Another fact has been communi cated to us on authority which there is no reason to dispute, which wil l a ppear to many persons not a little singular. It appears that the managers of the branch banks have re ceived instructions not to take the notes issued by the head office in London in payment, in -order to force a more extended circulation of the notes issued by the branches in the various localities. It is pre sumed further that the object is to throw an impediment in the way of remitting money front one part of the country to another in the form of notes, by which the commissions c harged by bankers are evaded. All these mea point, it is sures may be c onsidered fair and justifiable means of p r oper that the facts should be properly com petition, but as different opinions may be formed upon that under stood. It must be borne in mind that the notes issued at the branches of the Bank of England are made payable there only, and that the paper of the Bank is only a legal tender at the place where it is issued. If the rule thus laid down, how eyer, be rigidly carried out, a person leaving London with bank notes in his pocket may find himself in the country no better provided than with as much waste paper, when it is tabooed by the branches of the establishment. invitation to a grand public entertaiumtlit in Dundalk, which would take place upon Ascension Thursday, and another in the county Meath on Corpus Christi. He would take that opportunity of calling the at tention of the Association to the propriety of having a grand banquet and procession itt Clontarf on the of May.—(lmniense cheeri The Hon. Gentle man, adverting to the late intt-11:gence from America, said there was much to deplore in the annex ation of Texas to the United States. He beheld with horror the annexation of another slave state to the union—it was deplorable to witness a further accumula tion of such human misery. It was Hie for the Ame ricans to talk of liberty, and practise slavery. For his part, he would repudiate any assistance from America if tainted with human blood ; and he was glad he had that opportunity of denouncing the atrocious system. The President talked likewise of seizing Oregon—he would certainly do it, and would then point to the disaffection existing in Ireland for impunity.—(Cheers.) The Spec- Misr had announced that the Government had only to make a few concessions pro forma to Ireland, and the Irish would rush in all their chivalry to the banner of Queen Victoria. Yes, England should have the assist ance of Irishmen, which would enable her to obtain Oregon, and prevent the annexation of Texas ; but the equivalent should be justice to Ireland, and the restora tion of her domestic legislature.—(Cheers.) After some other routine business, Mr. O'Connell an nounced the rent for the fortnight to be 473/. 95., and titl meeting adjourned. THE COLLEGE OF MAYNOOTH. MAYNOOTH. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—What a fuss is making about a little increase to the grant to Maynooth College. This point is now made the grand objection. These persons have only to wait until Thursday next, when it will become an insignificant question. Why? Because other questions will be in troduced of much higher importance, which will stagger these objectors. They will beat the Whigs' " appropri ation clause" hollow. Lord Stanley's significant speech at the late dinner at the Mansion-house disclosed a con templation of an early resignation of the present Minis try:—..Whenever they retired, however soon, they should do so, feeling that they had done their duty," &c. &c. After Thursday next the subject of an increased gran to Maynooth will be the most insignificant point of ob jection.—l am, Sir, yours, Ilfracombe, March 27, 1845. MARKMY WORDS. Mr. Etwall paired off in favour of Mr. Sheil's mo ton with Lord Villiers. --- NOVEL MATCH OF PIGEON-FLTlNG.—Tuarlay a match, - which had been made to fly two pigeons against each other, was decided. The stakes were W. a side, and the con ditions were, that two pigeons belonging to respective owners (pigeon-fanciers of Lambeth) should be taken a distance from London, and the first home to receive the stakes, the domicile of each bird being attended by umpires to mark the time of their return. It was arranged that Brighton should be the starting place, and the pigeons, which were of the dragon breed, were accordingly conveyed by disinterested and impartial hands, and, as was subsequently ascertained, let fly precisely at one o'clock (London time). The first bird arrived (belonging to Spiers) at ten minutes past two ; the other occupied eight minutes longer. The distance back to London is calculated at 49 miles. JUDICIAL P LE ASAISTRY.—During the trial of an action for ejectment, Mr. Chilton, Q,C., had occasion to examine witnesses as to their knowledge of the boundaries of a certain farm, the subject under consideration. One of these was ninety-four years of age, the other two upwards of eighty. The well-developed figures and florid looks of the old men astonished the Learned Counsel, wfro inwardly con trasted his own attenuated and delicate frame with the yet burly proportions of the fine old fellows. "It is astonish ing, my Lord," said he, addressing Mr. Justice Cresswell. " how well men of such an age look—the place surely must be healthy. I wonder what they do take ?" The Learned Judge gave one of his blandest smiles, dropped his pen, and looking significantly at the Learned Counsel, said, " sure , Mr. Chilton, I don't know what they take, but I'm quite sure they don't take briefs." —Carmarthen Journal. A FAST TRAIN.—On Sunday Mr. Brunel travelled in the fast train from London to Exeter. The whole journey was performed in four hours and three quarters, including stoppages at Swindon Bath and Bristol, of twenty-two minutes, so that the actual time of travelling 196 miles was four hours and twenty-three minutes. The greatest speed • attained on the journey was seventy miles an hour, ana at this apparently frightful velocity there was no unpleasant motion. Mr. Brunel declares that, if the directors would In pursuance of a requisition very numerously signed a meeting was held this day at the Rotunda, for the pur. pose of considering the Ministerial proposition of an in creased grant to the Popish College of Maynooth, and to adopt petitions against it. The meeting was nume rously and respectably attended. The chair was taken by Mr. Grogan, M.P., nn the motion of Archdeacon MAME, who, in putting the pro position, regretted that he did not see more of his bro ther electors of the city of Dublin on the platform. They were taunted, he said, with having acquiesced in thr grant of 8,000/. to Maynooth, and that the principle was the :Dane, whether the sum were large or small. But their present obj.:.et was to abolish .she -grant alteg.ther, —(Hear.) The larger the grant, the more the relieien of Popery would be confirmed ; and the baneful elf cts which have resulted from a Maynooth education would be extended.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. Tgoaresos (who acted as secretary to the meet ing) read the requisition, to which it appeared there were attached the names of fifty clergymen ;and four hundred laymen. The Rev. Mr. PRIOR, at the request of the Chairman, then opened the business of the meeting with prayer. The Rev. H. M. EYRE moved the first resolution, which was as follows;—" That it is the opiaion of this meeting that the Prot* slant religion, as by law esta blished, is according to the ,aitred word of GA, and that it is but a just acknowledgment of his gracious Pro vidence to attribtite to the maintmaece of that relighin, under his divine blessing, the many mercies and the prosperity which the Briti•li empire has enjoyed." This meeting, he observed, was not a political meting, but a religious one, and assembled for a religious p irpose. They were met to oppose the disgraceful proposition of enormously increasing the grant to Maynooth College. They maintained that Protestantism was true, and they called upon the Government nut to depart from that principle. We are ready, he said, to rally round the throne for it, and never to surrender in its defence.— (Hear, hear.) They were asked to multiply the teachers of Romanist error, and spread it more widely than ever. All concessions made to Roman Catholics hail failed to satisfy their priesthood—whom nothing could satisfy but the destruciion of the Established Church. He called upon this meeting to protest sol- , lonly and religiously against the guilty conduct of the Minister, as calculated to bring down the judgments of God up in the nation. The Rev. SAMUEL WALKER seconded the resolution. England, he said, was about to continue, or rather to ag gravate a great crime. It was therefore his business, and that of every clergyman, to cry aloud and spare not on such an occasion. —(Hear.) Ministers were inex cusable in this business—so was England—for they knew well what Popery was. As to Sir Robert Peel— (Tremendous hisses)—if he were a truly religious man, he could not act thus. lie called himself a physician ; but his system was evidently homeopathy. Ireland complained of too much Popery ; but Sir Robert Peel thought to cure her by giving her still more of it. He thought that a hair of the rabid dog must cure her.— (Laughter.) The Rev. Gentleman then enlarged with great eloquence on the iniquity as well as impolicy of the contemplated measure. The next resolution was moved by the Rev. T. D. GREGG, who was received with immense cheering, wav ing of handkerchiefs, &c. Ile rejoiced to see so large a meeting assembled, and to know that on this question the most perfect unanimity prevailed amongst Protes tants. The real power of the nation was its Protestant heart, and that heart was now against Sir Robert Peel. The Protestants of Ireland were three millions, and the total population being but nine millions, the odds against them were not worth speaking of. He prophe cied that Sir R. Peel's present proposition would be his downfal.—(Hear, hear.) The Rev. C. M. Ft.Eualr supported the resolution, and maintained that the Minister was guilty of treason to the established religion of the country iu entertaining his present project as respects Maynooth. The Rev. ROBERT lI‘GaEE said he did not conceive how the Protestants of Ireland could have remained permit, he would undertake to perform the journey to Exeter in four hours instead of tive.—Denizes gazette. BANK-NOTES.—It appears from a Parliamentary paper, that in the month of August, 1844, at the passing of the Act the 7th and Bth of Victoria, cap. 32, by which the returns iu England were superseded, the notes in circulation belonging to the Bank of England amounted to 21,980,000/. ; and those belonging . to private banks, to 4,550,353/. ; those belonging to joint-stock banks to 3,204,460/. The bullion in the coffers of the Bank amounted at the same time to 15,227,0001. The notes of the chartered, private, and joint-stock banks in Scotland in circulation on the Ist of February last amounted to 3,070,058/. ; those of the Bank of Ireland to 3,983,050/. ; and those of private and joint-stock banks in Ireland to 3,115,066/. On the 16th of August, 1844, the total liabilities of the Bank of England amounted to 35,414,0001, and the total assets to 38,487,000/. The notes in circulation amounted to 21,524/., and the bullion in the coffers of the Bank to 15,579,000/. THE FAIRY.—This new iron steamer, intended as a yacht for her Majesty, was built by Messrs. Ditchburn and Mare, of Blackwell, and the engines have been constructed b 7 Messrs. Penn and Co., of Greenwich. On Monday and 1 uesday she proceeded down the river to test her speed, and we believe she has far exceeded the most sanguine expectations of her constructors. It is stated that after twelve trials at the mile laid down by Government in Long-reach, her speed was found to be fifteen miles per hour, which is the greatest rate a vessel has ever been propelled by a screw. Such a re sult is highly creditable to the parties above-named, and says a good deal in favour of a propelling power, which up to this time has not been much adopted. TUE LATE STEAM EXPLOSIONS AT BLACKWALL.- s T i e h n e e s f u t b s h e c r e i t p e t a i o n t n . p w i p h e i c e h n w h a e s s r e d t t o h n foot e G i psy s soon ee after en the pl o- steam-boat at Blackwell, for the benefit of the widows and orphans of the sufferers, has amounted to nearly 1,300/. The trustees and committee have invested 800/. for the permanent benefit of the orphans, to place them out in trades or situations when at a suitable age. Since the 1 2 th of November last, when t h e unfortunate occurrence took place, the widows have rece ived permanent relief, as well as a weekly allowance according to their circumstances and number of their children. ACCIDENT TO ONE OF THE FIRE BRIGADE.---OH Tuesday morning, during the fire in the Minories. the fire brigade . exper i enced several very narrow esca p es of their lives. Samuel Girard and another of the Farringdon-street station saved themselves by hanging to a beam, when the front wall fell out, and George Carew, of Watling-street, was on a ladder in f ront of the adjoin i ng h ouse , w ith the engine branch in his hand, throwing water into the second floor, when, unfortunately, the ladder slipped, and Carew fell to the pavement. The man was instantly conveyed home to Watling -street very much injured, b u t n o fatal results are anticipated. THE PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE The Message of an American President is, under ordinary circumstances, an important political document; but the in augura l M essage of a new President is more peculiarly se, whil e re c ent events in America give to it an interest o f t h e graves t c haracter. The very unex pected turn which toe Texan question has taken, has certainly come upon this country somewhat by sur prise ; but before we advert to this intricate point of our relations with the United States, we shall examine the general features of the Message. We wish to ana lyse it, to separate it into its component parts, to anato mise it in f act —in order to discover t he p olitical physio logy that i s lik e l y to f orm the groundwork of Mr. Polk's ad m i n i stration. W e m ay pass over without comment all th e l au d a tion of America, the virtue of its citizens, and the perfecti on of its demo cratic instituti on , 4 , unequalled, in Mr. Polk's estimation, si nce t h e creation of the world. The cord lacy from all t h ese, however, deserves attention ; for be invites all t h e nations of the eart h to follow the example of Ame r i ca ; that is, he tells the people of the Old World that monarchy to is altogether an error of the dark ages ; and h e invites them s hake it off, and to em brace the glories and advantages that are o ff e r ed by de mocracy. Such i s the s pirit, almost the language, that 1 pervades eve ry part of the Message ; while among the other glories aad advantages of their institutions, do mestic slavery is not forgotten ; for it is to him " a source of d eep regret that i n som e sections of the country misguid e d p erso ns have occasionally indulged in schemes and agitations, whose object is the destruc tion of domestic institutions existing in other sections ; institutions which existed at the adoption of the consti tution and were recognised and protected by it." Viewing the democratic institutions of his country as a s m tha th t e sh n e e new herself work of t o h t e her m c o o s u t consummatecountries Pre sident evidently thinks that America should labour to extend to enjoys ; and that as the end justifies the means, this cbject alone would entitle her to extend her dominions without any very rigid attention to the rights of other t ble wi ssi s n d g o nations. Various passages in the Message exhibit this feeling. " Who shall assign limits to the achieve ments of free minds and free hands under .the protect tion of this glorious union ?" asks Mr. Polk ; and referring to the annexation of Texas, he says, " Foreign Powers do not seem to appreciate the true character of our Government. Our union is a confe deration of independent States, whose policy is peace with each other and all the world. To enlarge its limits is to extend the dominion of peace over additional ter ritories and increasing millions." With such views of universal philanthropy, it is easy to comprehend that the acquisition of territory, no matter in what way, will .(, silent. on such an occasion as the present, and then en - was induc give up the bills to the dt;i i•Tidanoie had tered at great length upon the general subject. He had not since been able to recover the bills or their value. written to the President of M,tynocth College, with a Mr. Lane, solicitor, who appeared for the mewed, enT i i view to draw from him some explanation or extenuation tended that it was a mere scheme to get possession. of the class books and divinity taught in that institution, property which had been fraudulently obtained, and T s but had received no answer to his letter. He then en- therefore justifiable ; that Willis was but the agent °` tered upon a long detail of Konai,h errors, and denounced Mr. Sutton who was employed by Mytten to recover tl e i d in the strongest manner the great national crime of bills for whic h no value had been received. He call countenancing and teaching such dangerous and soul- Mr. John Fox Fitzgifford Mytton, who stated that h of destroying delusions. had recei v ed a letter from Messrs. Smith and Cole r After ether similar displays of self-interest and bigotry Great Marlborough-street, offering to discount bill s 1 . the Christian assembly broke up. him ; th a t he called b y a pp ointment and saw Mr. Sini.t, who stated that he was to see the person that evenll3° who was to cash the bills, and appointed the followlg day to meet him. He called accordingly, and ga ve gt to Smith to the amount of 1,700/, Mr. Smith saying he should receive the money on the morrow, but ) 1 ' never got one farthing value for them. He then en a ,; ployed Mr. Sutton to re.cover them. Had not emp loy !. Mr. Willis, and never heard of Mr. Hearne's name in t" transaction. Mr. Lane called Sutton and Goldsmith, the other to! parties engaged in the affair, but they not answering to their names, Mr. MALTBY held the defendant to bail in securitl ei to the amount of 1,000/. to appear that day week. GLERICEIV WELL. ASSIZE INTELLIGENCE. NORFOLK CIRCUIT.—Bury St. Edmund's, March 31. CROWN COURT.—(Before Mr. Baron PARKE.) ALLEGED MURDER.— William Tatenham, aged was arraigned on an indictment which charged him with the wilful murder of Mary Anne, his wife, on the 15 , h of February last, by shouting her through the head with a pistol at WantiAlen, in this county. Mr. Gordon and Lord A. Hervey appeared for the prosecution ; Mr. Prendergast defended the prison« r. In this ease it will be remembered that the grand jury had expressed a desire that the prisoner should be in icted for muraer, and this day being fixt.d for his trial, the Court was very much crowded. On d former day we stat , d that he occupied the position of keeper to Lord Stradbroke, but we were mistaken in that respect, the Noble Member for East Suffolk, Lord Rendlesham, being William Wranyleam was charged with shoplifting.. ‘„ Joseph Samton, shoiman, at the drapery estab lis h ment of William Penthenby, of 25, Hatton-garden, dr posed that, at a quarter before eight o'clock on the vious night, he heard a noise at the shop-window , ! n o on running down, saw the prisoner, who had forced tn,. cracked pane of glass, dragging three silk handkerch o " value 155., throuo it. The prisoner was soon aft° *Tested. Wrangham denied the offence, but was committed fer trial. his employer. From the evidence of a man named Mace, his wife, and two or three other witnesses, it appeared that the prisoner had been married some few years, and that with one exception he had been on good terms with his wife, who had borne him four children, the fourth having only been born about three weeks before her death. About two years ago there was some dis pute between them, for which she absented herself from his house, which was in a somewhat lone some locality, and left their children in a wood. After much search she was ultimately found, and persuaded to return to her home, where she lived in perfect har mony thenceforth with the prisoner. On the night of Saturday, the 15th of February last, he was at the Oyster public-house at Butley, which, after drinking to excess, he left with Mace at ten o'clock. On arriving at his house his wife was nearly in bed, but, being roused up, she received him and his friend, who lived about half a mile off, very cordially. The prisoner then expressed a wish to have some beer, which she dissuaded him from doing; but, seeing tnat he attempted to go down into the cellar himself, sh bade him to sit down and went for some beer, saying, "if he went he would tumble down stairs and break his neck." Soon after this she retired to her bed-room, and then Mace left the prisoner, who said he was going to bed. As Mace went out, however, the prisoner called after him to "come back and help him kill his hog." To which Mace replied, " Pooh, your hog was killed long ago." The prisoner again made the same request to Mace, just as he got out of hearing ; but nothing was seen or heard of him till about one o'clook, when he came to Mace's house in great agitation, and rousing them up b, geed of them to " come down quick, for he had shot his poor dear Mary Anne." Mace on this got up as quickly as he could, and while dressing himself could hear the wretched man stamping the ground and wringing his bands as he walked to and fro, exclaiming, " Dear me, what shall I do ?" When Mace was up he said to him, " Why, Tet tenham, you don't mean to say you have really shot your poor wife ?" to which he replied, " As true as God, I have shot her ; I have blown her head off." As they walked hastily to his miserable home, Mace iniade a similar remark to him, and he then said, " Oh, don't hurt me ; it was all accident ;" and to Mrs. Mace at another time he said, " It was done by a pistol, which went off accidentally." On arriving at the lodge, the party found the poor woman lying on her back on the floor, not far from a chest of drawers, in which the pri soner used to keep his eistols, her forehead and right cheek being all blown off, while the walls on two sides of the room behind her were spattered with blood and brains, and the ceiling bore the mark of a shot. When the surgeon was sent for it appeared that the discharee must have taken place, in his opinion, close to the left temple of the poor wom an, for there was there a h le about two inches large, while the skin near it was jagged and blackened with powder. Assist ince was obtained as soon as possible. both by Mace and the prisoner ; who. when asked to give an account ef the dreadful event, said that "he was thinking of going out again, as wits his duty at time, and hat hi, wife him ; 6;d he went to th• drawer to get his pinto's, which wre loaded. and while he was doing so his wire e eup to him with a candle aid put her arm on his shoulder. Ti., baby then began to cry, and she called out to it, Pia a coining'' and just then, whether she touched the pistol or be pulled the trigger he could not tell, hut it went off, and its contents lodged in her temple." Such is the outline of this most lamentable event. At the close of the case fbr the prosecution, Mr. PRENDEHGAST addres,d the jury in a most im pressive speech, and, going through the whole of the evidence, contended that his client ought nor even to be found guilty of manslaughter, as his whole conduct and demeanour throughout the transaction p!ainly indicated that the death of his wife was entirely attributable to accident. Lord Rendleeham having given the prisoner a good character, Mr. Baron PARKE proceeded to sum up the case to the jury, leaving it to them to say whether the wound by which the deceased came to her death had been inflicted by the prisoner at the bar by design, negligence, or acci dent. If by the first, he was then guilty of the capital charge in this indictment ; but if by the second, then it would he their duty to find him guilty of manslaughter only ; while if the death ensued from a mere accident without any neglect on his part, he was entitled to a full acquittal. Guilty of Manslaughter.—Sentence deferred. IttioN.—Samuel Stow, aced 22, was indicted for felo piously setting fire to a barn, the: property of Tabor, at l'olstead, in this county. Mr. O'Malley appeared for the prosecution. This case was only remarkable for two facts, the first being that the offence was charged to have taken place so far back as December 26, 184..2, while the subject matter of the inquiry was no less a barn than the cele brated " Red Barn," at Polstead, the scene of the mur der of Maria Martin by a man teemed Corder, who was long after that event tried, convicted, and executed in this town fur that diabolical offence. The charge in the present case was almost entirely supported by declarations of the prisoner made to others in custody with himself, and the jury, after a short de liberation, found him Not Guilty. The same prisoner was afterwards arraigned on a charge of sending a threatening letter to one William Bowtell, at PoLtead. Mr. O'Malley and Mr. Last were counsel for . the pro secution, and the case being very clearly established, the prisoner was found Guilty, and forthwith sentenced to 15 years' transportation. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. ASSAULT ON AN OFFICER OF THE GUARDS.—Tues day Elias Benfidil. foreman in a mercantile house in Tower-street, was charged with having assaulted Captain Lewis, of the 2d Regiment of Guards, and une of the privates of the same regiment. Captain Lewis stated that as he was marching with the Bank piquet in Mincing-lane, the defendant stood on the pavement, and refused, upon being requested to me l ei aside in order to allow the guard to pass, but upon being touched by une of the men, return, d tile complitneur by striking and pushing the so!dier into the middle of the street. Witness • xpostulated with the defendant, who, instead of apelogisiug, struck him and pushed him, after ha virirral rag, e Tee soldier confirmed the acceuni given by hi, cent mewling officer. The defeeden , in a love and wi•h a manner not at all calculated to make a lavoura,lete impre sien. said that th , considered that he ought to heve heivei the ceperin ant the private in the etatiou-housie fir ha,iee as ,auitel tem. The Loh]) Mavoa—Your conduct here to-day proves to me what your conduct must have been when the com plainants met me. Defendent—l was assaulted first by these two men, and I m soy, I was ju.-tifit.d. Ti , e I,unD MAYOR—I shall held Lou to hail for the two , one upon the eentlemen lied the 01,! ,, T Upoil thfi privuee soldier, youreeif in the sum of 1.00/., and two sureties in 504 each. LAMBETH; SERIOUS CHARGE OF CUTTING AND WOUNDING On 'i'uesduv Jut is Herbert, a journeyman shoemaker, Was brought before Mr. Henry for final examination, on a charge of cutting and wounding Win. Uurling with a shoemaker's hanemer in so serious a manlier that his life is still in dancer. Fren the siatement of the prosecutor, whose head was bound up, and who appeared iu a very weak, i c kly state, it appeared that the prisoner, who was related to him by marriage, has latterly become inuce addicted to drink. On Thursday midday lest he returned home much the worse for liquor, when some words arose on his being backward in his rent, when witness told him he should at once pay the arrears due, or leave the house. The prisoner became much excited, and in his rage snatched up his large hammer, with which he gave wit ness two violent blows on the left side of the head and temple, and one on the right arm, and then made his escape from the house. Mr. W. H. Day, surgeon, deposed that on Thursday last, about two o'clock, he visited the prosecutor] at his house in Lock's-fields, and, on examining him, found two incised wounds on the left side of the head, one three and the other one inch and a half long, and also a con tused wound on the right arm, The wounds were such as would be produced by the hammer, which, on exami nation, was found to have some of the prosecutor's hair adhering to it. The prosecutor had been since under his care, and had been so severely injured, that he could not as yet pronounce him out of danger. The prisoner, who said he had scarcely any recollec tion of what he did, was committed for trial on the charge of cutting and wounding. MARLBOROUGH-STREET. Basil Cochrane Willis, 'a fashionably-dressed young man, about 25 years of age, was brought before Mr. Maltby, in custody, charged with obtaining fraudulent possession of a bill of exchange from Mr. Edmund Lyons Hearne, of 9, Pall-mall East, under the following cir cumstances : The prosecutor stated that lie was in possession of two promissory notes of Mr. J. Mytton, one for 6001, and one for 500 L, both dated March 10, 1845, payable in four months, on which he had advanced the sum of 8001. in money and cheques. A gentleman of the name of Anderson called upon him on the evening of the 25th of. March, and in consequence of informatien received from him, complainant was induced to call upOn the de fendant, who stated that Mr. Mytton was about to take up the bills, and upon that representation complainant THE MURDER IN ST. GILES'S. (FURTHER PARTICULARS.) Since the murder of Eliza Grimwood, in the Water l : 7 ,s road, no case of that description equals in atrocit y 0 1 1— cold blooded determination the murder perpetrate", • Monday night, on the body of Ann Tape, but who married woman of the name of Brothers, for some Ye' separated from her husband. ID S It appears that the murderer and the murdered kc to the house at about twenty minutes to eleven e'cl,l4. and the latter asked an old woman, named Mary •'• ld mer, locum tenens for the landlady, whether they c °l/ e a have a threepenny bed fur the night. Palmer answer i in the affirmative, and the murderer paid her threcV l ",h; Palmer then gave the woman a light, and she aro - 3, murderer entered the inner room, already. describelf They had scarcely done so, when Palmer seated hr e on the last step of the stairs "to have a smoke , ' t d said. and was barely five minutes there when she Ile fi bt , the parties quarrelling, and perceived, she t hong re the sound of blows. She called out, " What IL ,ci you doing to the woman ?" The murderer returr,er no answer. 'Palmer then pushed the outer 0,-4 in (the door opening into the street passage) , 7 6 , advancing to the door of the inner room, saw the bio ceased silting on the bed, and the murderer Wit've right hand above his head in the act of striking her. old woman, Palmer, exclaimed, "Do not beat the s r woman any more, you have beat her enough alre and The assassin then rushed out. pushed Palmer aside , ,, hurried into the street. Eis victim rose from the wite staggered towards the room door, and fell back 'ill 0 § inner passage in the position already described. IS or e not until then that the aged woman, Palmer, who i s a t sighted, saw the extent of the mischief. toot' The unfortunate creature was 45, yea' ri old, e. a - 60 0 strong woman, a once comely features , until dissebul had disfigured them. She was - d . aniarried wonie o 9, ;f e, abandtmA her husband ten years' aisl' He still s : 4 J h'e and lives in George street. Atter "s left her busuP e , she lived with a man named Ti 96, and assumed his 01 0 He has been dead some time; andiitlce she has le life of prostitution. She was Well',knerwii * in St. Gi les e f and was a quiet woman -- one'of the least ill-behaV" her class. lio e ' The person of the murderer is known to the r a dio hut not his name. He is sam . e'ihi3.t under the n 3l s be h ight—has broad high shoulders, ohe higher than h o ,tll, r. His rice is nark and allid-= Ma hair black , whiskers of th(- same colour, and `hi`t s ven - small. He n i t , a rough hair cap, a dark velveteen jacket, and lig coloured trousers. His agellitbout LI The police are as yet couiplete'l i i* the dark as,te perion Who committed this infamous ; murder. t- were in c:rittilathm iir.the.course of TO v o that Ihe teal actor in this ditiholital detll bad been t s . ol , into custody ; but these rutriotirS, :on further itiq 3l 6l prow,d unfounded. True it was, that a man na'%, Medhurq, or Meadows, a widoWer, with whom t he ° a, fortunate deceased had, at a former period, cohab iLe d had been by the mother of the murdered woman- to ..„ 0 as the suppo,ed assassin ; but this imputation bad e 0 complex Ply set aside by the positive assurance of the ivn i f fe p in the brothel that Meadows was tioitheMan vvhobadte'' . her° the room in George-street on= Monday night. ? s o is n'w no doubt, however, that the murderer is 1 0° not only to many of the unfortunate girls in that ne i g:; bourhood, but also to the police -= known, we nieanvii. sight—for his name is, as yet , undiscovered. ti latest intelligence at the dill. rent police stations col ) ' ncthing to the information given the first day, e s perhaps this somewhat meagre addition, that a w% L I/ 0 whose name need not at this' stagd of the procee be given, called at the policetsation, in Maryle b lo and informcd the inspector ):A duty, that he ,4 fully of opinion that he knew the. Murderer; that no had been schoolfellows together, ' 'arid had been in ° el munication since ; that he (the'iiit'Ormant) met hiliihod the day after the murder, and bad "been told that 118 is' enlisted in the East India Company's service. Tbeol formant had no dottlit from that person's manner , of from other circumstances thatThsti come to his icej e r, ledge, that that person had committed the m ur g ith A constable was at once ordered to go - r e, the informant to the East India Company ' % cruiting quarters in Soho-square, for the purP °s- 00 ascertaimng if such a per-on had actually enlisted , if y also of identifying the party: The result of the t ,„ fi ce quiry is as yet unknown, but the whole circurns"-reol seems too vague to justify any expectation that th e criminal is the party. On inquiry at the George-street station-house de, r o l , porter received the general answer, that no ' n o: ligence, calculated to lead to any immediate 04 tection of the murderer, had been received,' consequently it may be confidently stated that no t can be certainly known worthy of credence until the 1 1; 0 0 ceedings before the Coroner's inquest shall have be ta reported, The warrant for the inquest has not YO issued, but it is expected to sit to-day. Of 1 The house in George-street is still an object foal abated curiosity, hundreds of persons attending id ei the very earliest hour to gaze at - its external fetin g 0 and it is found a matter of necessity to have a PY3....e, constables in attendance to preserve somedegree oft:. 00 The inmates, it need scarcely be added, are ullr surveillance of the police. MARKET NE WS.-(YESTERD CORN EXCHANGE. On the w le, our Alarket was heavily supplied 16°1 ..0 pies of English Wheat. All descriptions, as on Mendliiher, slowly at that day's depressed currencies. In Foreign : 10 oP so little was doing, that the rates may be considered ' ac id,' nominal. In Barley and Malt next to nothing Wa s n pli v at late rates. Oats, owing to the immense 0 4 8 0 1, brought thrward, were selling on easier terms• Peas, and Flour, without alteration. ARRIVALS. Fr ate NYlledt. _ Barley. _ Oats. 1 -1,60 English .... • • 2;580 qrs. 2,050 qrs. -7 000 — Irish •• •• •• • • 430 2,830 I Foreign ...... Malt, 3,950 qrs. IV7IXTZCIIA.PEL , t Z b i We had a fair average supply of Meat on offer, W- 1 or- ../ t,eneral demand was heavy, at barely p evious rates• r front 2s 4,1 to 3s 4d; Mutton, 2s 6d to 3s 8d; Latlab'o pe t to 5s 8d ; Veal, 3s 6d to 4s 8d; and Pork, 2s 8d to 43 Sibs.. by the carcase. COAL raArarET. Prices per ton at the close of the market :—Adair 9 1611 153 6d ; Buddle's West Hartley, 16s; Carr's Hartlel'fif Chester Alain, 15s 6(1 ; Davis , n's West Hartley, 16s 6 (1 • Tantield, 14s 6d ; Hasting's Hartley, 16s; H01yWe,,, 11 ,,60 16s 6,1; Nelson's West Hattley, I6s 6d ; New I;ter I4s 6d • Ord's Redheu,J), 14s ; Old Tantield, 14s 6d ;,„;1';',0101' worth 'West Hartley, 16s; Tantield Moor, 18s 6d ; 160 15s ; Taylor's West Hartley, 15s 9d ; West Hartlei,l69/ West Tyne Main, 14s; West Wylam, 154; 6d; l`lef Wall's-end—Heaton, 17s ; New Walker, 15s 6 4 ,; 101 0 0 , 1 7 March, 15s6d; Urpeth, 16s; Wharncliffe, 16s 9d ; r i , „ s " 0,7 17s 6,1; Braddyll's Hettou, 19s ; East Hetton, 163; l'isflu . 19s 6d ; Houghall, 17s ; Hetton, 19s ; Hylton, 16s 6d; ' - gor ton, 19s; North Hetton Lyons, 173; Richmond, 1 73 k e llo et sell's Iletton, 18s 6d; Stewart's, 19s; Caradoc, 19 3 4,..;01 0 4 11 ' lis 6d ; Leasingthorne, 18s ; South Kelloe, 17s; Pl e. " 18s; Adelaide, 17s 9d ; Brown's Deanery, 16. 9d i t. par Hartlepool, 15s ; Fox, 16s 6d ; Gordon, 15s 3d; Sou 9. 10 1 ham, 168 6d ; Seytnour Tees, 17s ; Tees, 18s 3d ; Tows% if Anthracite, 20s; Cowpen Hartley, 16s; Hartley, I'l We Lewiss Merthyr, 21s 6d; Sidney's Hartley, 163;._,_ 69' liar, ley Netherton, 16s 6d.—Ships arrived since last BIRTHS. r'D‘v On the 28th ult., Mrs. Charles B. Bingley, of Gtest borough-street, of a daughter. G * o °°' On the 28th ult., at Yately, Hants, the lady 0. -- A Esq., of a daughter. Ore On the 28th ult., the wife of Mr. W. T. Clarke, of James -street, Bedford-row, of a son. Ate''-' rii P eel On the 29th ult., at Plymouth, the lady of A Smi, Esq., of Calcutta, Camdeof a son. On the 29th ult., at n-road-villas, the wif ° of lq' Speed, Esq., barrister-at-law, of a son. ,aloOs On the 29th uit., at Cheltenham, the lady of Jaloos' Esq., of a son. ~... 1 31 ' On the 29th ult., at Montague-street, Rusaell -0 1 11 ''' S. Haines, of a daughter. 10 11 On the 30th ult., at Streatham-hill, Brixton, the ofJames Parkinson, Et.q., of a daughter. Any Doe On the 30th ult., at Little Hampton, Mrs. H daile, of a son. __......"''' MRRIED. On the 27th ult., at Skir A penbeck, near York , C. p rre g. stO .'r Esq., solicitor, Hull, t o J u li a . e ld e st daughter of th• Britton, late Vicar of Great Bardfield, Essex. DIED. ° On the 22d ult., at P o rtsdown Lodge, Mrs. Ca ssall - a Ausn, of Chawton, t age red 72. Co tIV On the 23d ult.;Cawswood, Cork, Mi ss Julian a 1 bertson, aged 82. warn a On the 28th ult., in Portman-square, Colonel ' Dlt tri Gra, late of th Greader Guards. el, On , th e 28th e ult., n at i Fenton House, Hamls tes Anne, widow of the late Rev. C. B. Charlewood. SOO' On the 29th ult., at Brook-street, Hanover-square, • the widow of Henry Hunt, Esq., M.D. — r i-- -01 --------'--:-- ---- ,, -- y - 0 1r- i 4t 7ig , L0.,5,,,:, . Irrinted and Ilublished by MURDy.. So. - o f No. 112, strand, Printer. at The Sure Office , coati Strand. in the Preeiact of the Savoy, laz To 4 Middlesex, Thursday, April 5,1845. B