The Sun. — London, England, 1845-10-02 00:00:00

~..- -- _,..e•—• itt .the --0 , It taken d t be aroo t o bo rinef t the i ll If utin P 9l l° vebl, n 1 ce t ake° tbi6 is afte 61 ,0s co3o ' Be v e id s f e YeA • Derr !one]] 0 0 cursi o t n o t pa turn , e 91 " e lf led " Robert' Peel r wi dr_ tll l , [ era' Debt; rue 3. Ler 03 ed busiJ le mere r / 110 fo ti of th e f '` 10 1 en inn fn Whiteha 11' ire. ." . 0 h a d Loa.' • ti 1 11 ,quer. f the tioll be '6'rt, to, A l e „ c ope" :er, ono thelhry the inceu t he /1 eb, the Fr re on t he y val totulloPeaid- prize 00, prize (54) (> prii esL dir jell • 13sr' 8Y°14,10 0, sna • a 13. , e, 7, . 11 ;110e 59 31 B-ib re A . TlS v ' pport °ftbe n ot: v ote: , b p havii l s 0 5 g re '00'; ioP c ollo re fai, an t 511°' 0 °I ' fa t i j r° s ll° l he - ie tee,. - :091 1 , - t ter t he e jot g th 'e t the 1."." 11 1, prayed and preached in the Ger man t ongue , an d ilinn3t ered the Sacrament to a great number of his congre gation unde r b oth forms. IRELAND. T , DEA 111 OF THE MARQUIS OF ELY. .•-•tait aN . . o f th .., al 29.—Accounts reached town this morn v ing , p 5 death of the Marquis of Ely, at Ely Lodge, county The °h' j r,gh, on Fridning last, after a very short illness. -..4i ii5 "° 1, 71 Eve ning sal contains the following particulars : appear Lordship had but lately returned to Ely . Lodge, and riied to to in the enjoyinent of more than his usual h_ i I_ t n , INsirits. On Thursday he experienced an attack of .0 . ii3h cholera, and, notwithstanding, the prompt attendance AiredLae most eminent medical men in the neighbourhood, ex 'tto the. inexpressible of his family and friends, in „ i‘ rse ot the tollowing day. Ir e i i Y. .e death of the Marqiii i of Ely, the Protestant c s ii o l f e i st nt have lost one of their ino.t dhtinguished . and and con'sio( members, the district in which he resided a kind at lar erate landlord and country gentleman, and the country at the ge a magistrate upon whom dependence could be placed 4,1,1 irsent eventful crisis. Earl o l f c deceased no enjoyed the title of Marquis and . the, - "Y, Viscount and Baron Loftus, of Loftus Hall, in LettoNalY of Wexford, in the peerage of Ireland, and Baron , 0 the '' °I :- I '"ag Loftus, in the county of York, in the peera,e , bor ic Lnite,l Kingdom : he was also a baronet. He Nv,, bi a ' ; ',,.l! the loth of February, 1770, and was consequent y in married on the 2d of May, 1810, to Ann.* his il L o a ' ie,,,h!cis.t daughter of Sir Henry Watkin Dashwood, Bart. in I N ""IP was a Knight of St. Patrick, a Privy Councillor Co 0; nd, Custos Rotuloruin of the County of Wexford, and ~ h al of the Wexford Militia. eldesT4 Lordship is succeeded in his title and estates by his 1 814,", Lord Viscount Loftus, born the 19th of January, Th e o. THE NEW COLLEGES. . . der e "Wit Rev. Dr. Healy, Roman Catholic Bishop of I.:il r. and Lei hr ' 64 Mat th g ul, has affixed his name . to the declaration qprei,, e new colleges, recently published. The . signatures -.N. prelat es attaChed to that document now amount to nineteen 0 archbishops and seventeen bishops. Th e . JUDICIAL APPOINTMENTS. araon:re'agnation of Baron Pennefather was mentioned Pea, --- various judicial changes . in contemplation. It a so thsitahat,t.here Theo foundation whatever for the rumours_ loivi ti sua.let. Learned Baron has addressed the fol edito:communication to the Evening Mail : • 44 11 " Sept. 28, 1845. don Pennefather begs to draw the attention of the pectin, Paragraph in the Evening Mail of Friday last, the inc'o'`u.cl.3aron's resignation, and to suggest to . thee . dito . r %tato_ al,•enience that may ensue from the publication ot such taron'peats, alto,,,,,ether without foundation, ao far at least as ~ To .ennefather is concerned. the e ditor of the Evening Mail." At an - , REPEAL ASSOCIATION. ted for the dis -I)rei,..4t ceriYhour the Conciliation-hall was . besieged by aP si'et, s for admission, and at tbe hour appoin u The oi l :. of business not a space remained biqeris c,,,,"tes aPpropriated for the accommodationunoe;tchepelat„diesex,hasi allY the case when Mr. O'Connell is enter.a.faranidable array. At one o'clock the H p o res loudest demon.' ktr ati e o c ' s the hall, and was received with the 'dwell Major Li dwell 18 of aPPlause Ile then moved that Gentleman 11 d tak e th .* The c e chair. conferred upon hh:Antslax returned thanks for the honour was not in e aiste ms :' and assured the meeting that there unit -- a rmer advocate ‘ for rePealing • 'a than he , kr 0, ,% as.-(Cheers.) it right at oe - ' CONIIPLL ' d id he considered the accursed tic t o „,, . rose, an gain Iligh,, "love that the signature of the with . the oartel'or Kildare, be inserted on the minutes, declared their decid ed _ the other eighteen prelates who had ra _ Right Rev. Dr. Healy, cers,,h_uPposition to the Colleges Bill.-(Cheers.) highly v l e t ne w r as ated a Prekit'telnent they owed to that respected and g ate lle trusted that whatever diffe t r h e a n i t - ce d s ecl o a f ra o t p in in n io e n f nieetesave hitherto subsisted, that after til er , 'ell Prelates-- uncontradicted officially by any one of th at tZntr,the contrary, all their bishops having le n o f at Bill was dangerous to faith and morals-there „lon further th e y gSt the public.--(Flear, to that Bill difference of opinion with respect dloaucedld (Cli ee w rs ° ,n- r eject the Bill w h it e h ar 's ) cor ti n e c had a com b rinuf • the Learned Gentleman then said he tr n u d sted n , n t t c e r i o n , p t t ltt geatreapaon to make from that most estimable and patriotic by th : l n, ilr S. O'Brien, M.P. which was greatly enhanced of c 0 tits of that letter. It contained the subscription enreiied lgentlernan of rank and fortune, requesting to be a z e e s t i l e lbe r of the Association.-1-The letter announced I the NU °,•. 9 f kr. Lloyd to the Repeal Associ . a e t n io hi n ma elf he airice the adhesion of Mr. Smith O'B a ever. th e acce n tt..enaore glorious intelligence to com n a m g uzi t ea le t m e rate a nd Mr. Lloyd. Here theyhad gentleman of reegioo: fortune, a Protestant, and strongly attached to his victio n l'llneipls, coming forward and declarin fn g r hi r s ei c a o n n d: e as , e ~ that there was no hope, no salvation He ,Mr. 0, ;in herestoration of their native Legislature. l amiable gentle' ~_`-on nell) considered the accession of this 3;g:ill:ere/hose family he had the honour of being acquainted of the a sufficient answer to the miserable effusionshe moved gislatirP that theenltnissioner of the Times. In conclusioA,oy _, givingd hir e i ,: s ee . r etary be directed to write to Mr. IA 0 ascendancy' asSurance that, in looking for a repeal of the Le e.h., . union, the Irish people aimed sge neer ta''e'er; that they desired no sectarian o a r t n litical advan ieet 4 i _ any class of their fellow-countrymen Pe , their sole ob kr. pg !lie regeneration of their common country. Smith O'B ri 4 '. 0 eoxxerz, M.P., read a letter from y_en, , in reference to the Davis Testimonial. his t r. 0 CoNszitt.t. would take that opportunity of expressing taetnoearty , t et Probation of having a testimonial ereoted r t e o as t e h n e to h e i of t at Man, of whom Ireland had such just _ As krs(4lP4l.Qud' and t° ' who m she was so deeply l un a lel i 3 n d. politics were an f. everY religious denomination and cas ti xus to participate in commemoratin g afford them that 014,4444..._,d countryman, it would be right to a party or lietegriagiat), and thereby deprive the matter of their dis til. Jil character. the 7, i (2!x 04euxxtee read the extraordinary letter from he et,a"ls "Commissioner," to ply to the strictures w led. ,• eelved it to bt hi duty make on the conduct of s that " 41 . 4 h Sept- 25, 184 . 5ir...4 I "Haleswort , y oar ~ . Have this moment read in the Times of the Times' coil,in.l!, and unmanly remarks concerning tell you that You als'iuner; and I do not lose one moment to yesterday re a. licr and ti blackguard. ,`` John O'Connell, I am, Sir, your obedient serv ant, ae r oe,_ Esq., M.P." "JOHN . FOSTER. then. tete `-ex`ltEee claimed the rivilege of moving Of th ° : n'',.f that specimen of English politeness o m n e the books ladies in the ~,,,issociation. He (Mr. O'Connell) condZer_Y who seemed disposed to qule w l se with him for individual ; he ktaaato the Woul d t 'lng all for the transgression of an eoliar therefore merely say that the blackguardism was pe t at there were e: I ' l aPpropriate name. They were aware " eenti nissioner." It would be well to .h give this k id th runes classes of agents employed eke woeubliowest g ra d e of t h ese was ca n e d 44 gutter ag .. , during elec e t n io t n • ;attir e ,' atigeBt, then that this " commissioner " shoutaniq 4_aught.,,-,e called the " ' gutter agent of the Times -7( 'treat nth the he considered that he That person the , press to have this soubriquet circulated. of 4 Il e h • d • - •-; said that the Irish women were ugly.-4 Cries possessed sufficient " in- He 'wished e h'' ') Oh, how ugly they were !-(Laughte . r.) Binh L e Were here-no, he did wish it ;he di not tie that should ever have the tineshapps of seeing such as ight 4.'e,oiting to the ladies' gallery). thinsa CntoiEee handed in several large sums of money, n a n n id d hoi, announced that on the succeeding Monday e h • w day thelre dernonstration in Kerry, and on the snecedin of repeahenld be a grand stag hunt at Killarney in honour er reeetia PLI the following Sunday he was to attend a mo__ .. l 0 l'elati4LaSaetlebar, and he had a communicationfrom t•3 1 :11; A lar ge - b aring a demonstration there under consideration.. k r. (,_, mueber of remittances having been handed in. th e att e'•14.1.1 again rose, and said he wished draw a ffai r .. ,Ninon of OA A ssociation' to the present posture tn oflrish delio',h, utsbefore doing so he would allude to the late repeal -• Dea eefer a ` l 9n in Tipperary. It was a noble exhibitio m u n ...t y d "eel ar , quiet, but determined men, and he would sole ae l e, tha t e, of all th --e Monster meetings which had taken place, ~ Ilerl ia 14 in Cashel on Thursdaylast was the greatest, %nth : thingpes the single exception of h i e Tara demenstratimi. A Klee ` ll4l he more delightful than the manner in which the a siegle eonducted themselves'tand he did not believe that _ lkhat hogolajeasnaewits runkby any individual who composed „enstrat multitu de.-(Cheers.) It was . a politiacnadl the tat" Peal 'cm, having de termination for its guidance t heer k e the union fo r its object:-(Hear, hear, and ellt,e;a.in,r,r,t.tihlpeepeinir rsaelryvesin, b ith ' The English press had taunted the Irish people lit e f 110 t haVitlg wisdom or caution enough to legis ut he would asked who governed the the late demonstration in that county? "en eor, own reason their own judgment, the Pe - ie i a ,• la nd ,• and he, therefore, contended that the meet -a„,4,3:4?f tlie P l e ii r s a h rY aeoffofe led evidence of the conductcapabi en their own affairs. He felt Irighed that t e ere pt w e to t Europe a People, thee l,le could assenZehien s l u n ch masses, and at the same G Dresere Honourable eetkal tranquillity.- (Hear, hear.) The save the Ent 44 then proceeded at considerable length to . cii , .T• I•4e 43 : 1 1 , the various c ontingencies which l an h t r° ad as having a tendency to involve t ht t lg e might possibly tealisation a war, and argued from them inevitably e tefw_rl.rekadnt.ealLso! restoring the legislat.ive independePe ti a e s this ~ Kading reviewed the Ministerial . policy te %l atat `enntry, and commented on its altera -1 red 1 / 4 to- Jta4l/4 tnedifications--which at one mement dec a e.eoncession to Ireland had reached various zie.:l g „ f.i . that concession should be acted up its on li i in n i i ts tibr e o n ad d e a s t t ' erel"r eoncluded by callin upon the Beet ,e,,gistering their tvotegs-to place themselves in a -- return Bev people to peree r l members at the next r,•-to preserve tranenq illi.tl7.eath put down ribbonism, and Prayr`, 1811 hini with the-it: titee t - for a repeal of thr union, le _ against 9nBn sign the commence 'haft ( , ) , f the next session, gnatures to petitions had himself prepared the Zliiitihelie off "tell he' entitled " An Act the better t? h ; " I ft - ,k a iestY to Resemble a Parliament in Ireland, ' /° ,,„-•eh, e ~- A'Aale prerogative of the Sovereign untouched, but ru wer, it:" Lnesame time, preserved the principle that no e oelp ete.. !'e the King, E tr. --'g, Lords and Contaions of Ireland, were At ti; testing- ke laws to'bind that kingdom. a nnLe et " ation of the proceedings, Mr, O'CONNELL eed th e r the A ant for the week to be 600/. 3s. 10d. . CO LONY t- e lle °l'' CoTTIERS I TIPPERARY• --We have heard Chant ~,%-jitig togacirnce fnromliPaPhighly ' respectable source, ,s_ conceive ur duty to lay it g before the public as a ," to l and • w let ed proprietors or those who may represent le a erest :•-A. short time since some land became vacant tee P"rti en of this ae terra •eeedwag ~ la e N n trY, and, of course, a bidder for . its up o ery quickly in the market. The terms were - lie t a „,„ n, amely, a fine of 500/, and 2/. 108. per acre. ?Jay e4"ord, naturally concluding that the man who could th e f„'"`• fine would be a prate-- tenant, immediately had the ,eompleted and ult‘y th -payer got Pest l '„ e e, Ple b„ l ' A But what did lie do' s h b ht not only his own rete 'Cr; every an -jack of Wei nerninghbours, and a com l'eare th a i'Y was forthwith enuatted an the land ! It ap Zt(ille biateheerfiri)e:ini,,. :el among all the squatters, *l th t`' rePresent tTe 4- Whole q was de mail. Of busines.., h dia hhi nie c e r„,,, eir interests e gang of joatittr and hie own. This e Niee-i. pertoZ, and once in Possession, he gave the beck to hpld•ii,.are now in the posseseloa of an pperftry Constitution. e k , ~.,,____________,....,............ i,„ i "'Tow To m, , Q -- Nl • Ittlea of ele iti...aL ..)PEcuLeeroite —As not a . theiwaY coropaei rgY.nlen ' a pp e ar as directors in tka Ist of he l i ' th e: such s es ' t . nt”' 44 be unimportant to in!`o . rea • 1 41, st aba 2a _,.Po!ition incurs great risk and responsibility. ahl P 'l , al eil "3' elared‘raT” e. I°6 ' Bee. 29, 4 Ne epiritual person ti . all eri gae in tpreferment,beneke, eureey,ae kectare , t rade or buy and sell again tin' profit." t altei B„,,rqnlan iliegQ tratt,-"4(1 otr e ,,_ Y tr a ditiK may be suspended for tha firs_ la g ti.all he de`'ern, tieigilf'peived for the third. But no con- ent, ed .- 1 t ict 4 keason only of the same ha% ---)3enite,,,;3lntugn a•-zyine. s' ve•keiki4 person" trading or „ , . / ---.. N. . ...e , / it --' It. 1r nit . 1 , ~.......:„. --,,,, < 4. ~,,,,,_:. -:_,- , I._ i „. .1%,, L. rtiF. 1.. - 4 .... . . it. ; . 7:: l' ~. •. . --; i -'' . -..... , %,..., ~..1% % . ,:j -.- • - ' ~_ ' ..` . ..,* : ..- ii - A--- it: It ~. 10 -.. ~ .‹...:., . 4,..„..„:,. . THE MAGAZINES. BLACKIVOOD'S MAGAZINE. We have in this number an impartial, able, and, we way add, fascinating account of Muntesquieu, one of the must remarkable political and constitutional writers that had done honour to France. Frenchmen are not esti mated in this country, according to their merits. The vulgar prejudice is against them. They are considered by certain classes as superficial, vain, arrogant, and ad , dieted to display rather than to the productions of works •useful to suciety. Never did national prejudice commit such a grievous error It would be difficult to point out any other country in which men appeared so justly ce lebrated for great talent and original conceptions, whe- tner as regards philosophy, history, mathematics, the arts of war, or the arts of peace. if we except poetry, Frenchmen have distinguished themselves in every path frequented by civilised nations. Till Hume arose we hau no good history of England but that written by a Freneinnan. Descartes was long and justly the idol of moral philosophers in every part of Europe, Montesquieu hu nu equal in his line. In chemical discoveries they took the lead, and in the arts of war, the most difficult perhaps that can occupy the human mind, the French Marshals became models for the study of men destined to command armies. It is needless to recount their names. In modern time s they have still retained their superiority. Laplace and others of the same school have, it is true, lowed in the path of Newton, but they have made discoveries only eclipsed by his divine genius. Voltaire furnished the first idea of writing history so as to make it useful, their preachers have furnished the most perfect specimens of pulpit eloquence, their kings, too, excelled in their peculiar art, and the Court of Louis the ail V., was looked up to by European Sovereigns as the best model for imitation. Even during the awful convulsions of the Revolution, men of more than ordi nary ability were constantly appearing in the scene, till by their combined energy, ability, andoriginality of plans they had compelled every neighbouring State to admit their superiority. We are, therefore, glad to find one of the bright lights of that country made the subject of an essay by a Tory periodical, and still more glad that full justice is done to his merit. Indeed, the liberal and sound views of that distinguished writer, seem to have made a deep impression upon the hitherto bigoted fol lower of the old Tory leaders, who would give the people no power whatever, but concentrate the whole govern ment of the country in the hands of the nobles and the wealthy classes. In commenting on the remarks of Montesquieu, respecting the division of the Rom an people into centuries byServius Tullius to carry out the representative system, the writer throws his old friends entirely overboard, and proposes a scheme, which neither Grey nor Brougham had the courage to ad vance. "In truth," says he, "it deserves consideration by those who think on human affairs, and the probable form of government which may be expected to prevail in future among men, whether universal suffrage is the real evil to be dreaded; and whether equality of suffrage is not the real poison which destroys society. Abstractly considered, there is much justice in the plea so con stantly advanced by the working classes, that being members of the community, and contributing to its sup port or opulence by their labour, they are entitled to a certain voice in the direction of its affairs. If no one has a voice at all but the sovereign, as in a despotism, or no one except a few magnates, as in an aristocracy, the humbler classes cannot complain at least of inconsist ency, whatever they may of injustice, if they are ex cluded. But if a vast body of electors. as in Great Britain, are admitted, and still the great bulk of the working -classes are excluded, it is not easy to see on what principle the exclusion of some can be rendered consistent with the admission of others. It deserves consideration whether the true principle would not be to give every able-bodied working man, major and not re ceiving parochial relief, a vote, but a vote of much less weight than his superiors in intelligence, property, or station. This might be done either as the Romans did, by making the votes be taken by centuries, and classing all the votes of the poorer electors in a limited number of centuries, or giving each man a personal vote, and giving the holders of property, in addition, more votes fur their property ; as one for every pound of direct taxes paid." . This is a new feature in Maga, and leads us to be lieve that in a very short time it will become one of the most liberal magazines of the day, and beat Regina in political revolutions. North has left off for a time his dissertations on English poets, and is better employed possibly in rural amusements and exercises. These specimens were not in his best style even at first, and latterly became rather dull and uninteresting. We there fore do not regret the vacation. In the present number there is the conclusion of another long subject " Mars ton, or the Memoirs of a Statesman," for which we look forward to a good substitute. The biographical sketch of Frank Abney Hastings is fall of interest, and we will not spoil it by an abridgment. It furnishes a sad proof of the tyrannical and rude conduct which unfortunately distinguishes many of our naval commanders, and of the fate of those whose spirit rebels against it. There are some tolerable pieces of poetry in the number, from which we select the follossing for its peculiar character. The " Opium Eater," when tormented with the blue devils, could not have written anything more gloomy:- A MEDITATION. Some hidden disappointment clings. To all of man—to all his schemes, And life has little fair it brings, Save idle dreams. The peace that may be ours to-day, Scarce heed we, looking for the morrow ; The slighted moments steal away, And then comes sorrow. The light of promise that may glow Where life shines fair in bud or bloom, Ere fruit hath ripen'd forth to show, Is quench'd in gloom. The rapture softest blush imparts, Dies with the bloom that fades away, And glory from the wave departs At close of day. Where we have garner'd up our hearts, And fixed our earnest love and trust, The very life-blood thence departs, And all is dust. Then, Nature, let us turn to thee ; For in thy countless changes thou Still bearest immortality Upon thy brow. Thy seasons, in their endless round Of sunshine, tempest, calm, or blight, Yet leave thee like an empress crown'd With jewels bright. Thy very storms are life to thee, 'Tis but a sleep thy seeming death ; 'We see thee wake in flower and tree At spring's soft breath. We view the ruin of our youth, Decay's wan trace on all we cherish; But thou, in thine unfailing truth, Canst never perish. BENTLEY'S MISCELLANY. This is an excellent Number of Bentley. There is not a paper in it but what is considerably above the average standard of usual magazine literature. Albert Smith o . pens the number with the "Marchioness of Brinvilliers." The . presentaidpters describe most graphically the cir cumstances. attending her flight from Paris after the discovery of. the casket of poison at the house of St. Croix, and the pursuit after her by the officers of jus tice. The gaol chaplain continues his reminiscences, and D. Canter gives us the seventh of his amusing " Out pourings." The present, from which we extract the fol lowing anecdote, relates almost solely to poor Power:- - "On entering the drawing-room in King-street one morning; I found Power fighting the air furiously with the poker. Dubious of his sanity, I paused on the threshold. "' Oh! come in,' cried he, laughing. Don't be afraid. Pm only rehearsing.' " ' llehearsing?' " Yes; a little part I expect to be called on to play in the course of• the morning. There's a fellow going about—some reptile, belonging to a periodical just started, who's engaged to write our biographies. He called on C— yesterday fur hush-money, and I have no doubt he'll be at me. If I find he means to attempt my ye, I mean to return the compli ment ; so I'm just getting my hand in a little—ha! ha! ha I "It appeared that C- was at breakfast when a stranger was announced. Mr. C—, said the latter, I'm engaged to write your life in the forthcoming number of The—. Now, there are two ways of doing this. I can either write you up, or—' "' Or write me down, I suppose,' said C-. "The stranger smiled, drew his chair closer, and whispered something into C-'s ear. " Gooii . Heavens!' exclaimed C—, turning pale, ' you wouldn't tell that ! If it got into print just now, I should be ruined—l ehould never be allowed to appear on the London boards again !' "Now',C— wag, is, and has always been, a highly re spectable man. But— " 'Nemo mortalium omnibus horis sapit.' There are passages in every man's life which, on the prin ciple of the three crows, may be represented to his prejudice. The stranger's whisper referred to some youthful peccadillo, venial enough is itself, but which C- saw, properly vamped up and peppered, might ruin him in the present state of public feeling, which, owing to circnmstance,s, hap pened, just at that precise period, to run strongly against the stage and its professors. I've no wish to injure you, or hurt your feelings,' re sumed the stranger; ' but my duty to the public—' "' What's your price?' interrupted C—, who saw the necessity of propitiating him. How much am Ito give you to suppress "' . Two hundred pounds!' returned the other, encouraged by C-'s fears. " The amount startled It recalled him to his better self. He did now what he ought to have done the moment he comprehended the motive of the man's visit —ordered him out of the house, and refused to give him one farthing. C,--- mentioned the matter next morning to Sir Richard Birnie, adding, I'd a great mind, Sir Richard, to have ldciciad the rascal out.' - 46 4dn't you ?' exclaimed the indignant magistrate; he'd. have got n 9 redress if he'd come to me.' " It is to be hoped that, for the future, all those who may be pestered by any of the money-extorting vermin, who swarm like unclean things about the literary lower em pire, will follow the example of Power, and p rov id e themselves with a stout cudgel, and they may rely upon it that there i.s not a magistrate on the bench who would not, under similar cirewpStanees, be ready to follow the example of Sir Richard Birnie. The subject of gaming is tre4ted pf historically in a paper entitled Gaming, Gaming-houses, send avnesters; , w*h s replete with anecdotes of oeiebFittPi g4t4egers A!nd gaocting-places. The " Unfinished PietutV is tialtittf4i rev, ig, Charles Kenney, so delightful, that mil hope Mb ,z_ will soon dream again, and communicate the result to Bentley. The remaining articles are all very amusing, and as we commenced we conclude. This is an excellent Number of Bentley. THE NEW MONTHLY. The present Number opens with a piquant sketch of fashionable life, by Mrs. Gore, entitled " The Viscoun tess's Vision of the Royal Ball," and to this succeeds " Lazy Corner," a translation from the Italian of Berni, by Leigh Hunt. We are rejoiced to meet Leigh Hunt once again, and to wander with him through the plea sant fiel !s of Italian poesy. His introduction to the poem, which is from the 67th canto of Berni's " Orlando ' Inamarato,' is an amusing piece of gossiping criticism, and the translation itself is delightfully executed, pre serving and transferring all the delicacy and wit of the original. " Mr. Jolly Green," who promises to be a glorious specimen of veriancy, gives us the commencement of his travels and opinions. It is an excellent beginning, and Mr. Jolly Green is the man of all others to support the second title of this periodical, " The Humorist." • " The Robertses on their Travels," " The Privateer's Man," " The: Lights and Shades of a Gentleman on Half-pay," the " Sketch of Lords Stowell and Eldon," and James's novel of "Beauchamp," are all continued. Oxenford contributes an admirable translation from Jean Paul, and Thomas Roscoe and Andrew Winter give us some very fair samples of Magazine poetry. From a most amusing paper on "Oracles," by Angus B. Reach, we extract the following description of the modern substitutes for the ancient Pythoness of Delphi, and the old oak of Dodonia:— " Oracles are generally plump, respectable-looking men— rosy in the gills and glossy in the coat. They come into a room as though they had just purchased the street, and ad dress you as though they really condescended to take some little interest in 3 our welfare, considering you, on the whole, as rather an intelligent kind of animal. You may always know when yotiare in the company of an oracle, by having all your facts controverted, and all your theories either sneered at or anticipated. The oracle allows uo knowledge but in himself—and after having with portly air and a w f u l sternness, as though all this wo r ld' s phil osop h y an d than the mere vul„ar world's, lodged within him—ass ni( n e hisclaims to the veneration of th e com p any , h e smiles er,"" placently, as though his mission in this world had been corn so far accom,lished." Bill, which, a century and a lia'f later, conferred equality of social rights upon a long proscribed and persecuted portion of the general community." This special pleading has not even the defence of novelty. It has been urged and argued by the personal friends and servants of the last of the Stuarts, from Pepys and Evelyn to the Jesuit pamphleteers of our own times. It is only necessary to rurply one omission in this plea to rebut and extinguish it. The vindictive dis position exercised by James, in 1687, in dismissing the judges for refusing to rectgnise the " dispensing power" he had assumed in 1686,- cannot, at any rate, be softened down to " an attempt to carry out certain great principles of civil and religious liberty." The royal mandate, too, for the induction of a Popish priest into the mastership of a Protestant college in a Protestant university, v, as something very like an overt act to ju,tify and corrobo rate the " alleged eesigns" of the same infatuated King " to subvert the Established Cl:urt 11 and reinstate Roman Catholicism in its stead." The narrative portion of this paper has singular merits. It is highly wrought, well sustained, and gives us graphic portraits of the im moveable insensibility of George 1., and the sanguinary brutality of the " butcher of Culloden," the Duke of Cutnberland, as of' the unhappy James 11, and the Old and the Young Pretenders. " Darby Duff, the Madman," is continued and concluded —a tale full of horrors, but of thrillin,: interest. The three stanzas, entitled ' Ave Maria," have certain!y never been equalled for their un mitigated " namby-pamby" and no meaning since the " verses" ascribed by Pope's waggery to " A person of quality." An "Analysis of Wit from .2Esop to Punch" is drawn in this number to a close ;—a spirited and smart affair, worthy of the subject; Here is a fine, fresh, gush ing pastoral by the Rev. J. Fitzgerald, quite an accept able supplement to the ve.ry late instalments of fine weather, which, with all thankfulness, we have to ac knowledge at the commencement of October : THE SONG OF THE SEASONS. SPRING. I breathe of the zephyr, so fresh and so cold, And the crocus and primrose are shining in gold, My skies full of sunshine, with byte-coloured wing, With dew-drops are sprinkled, my rivulets sing, All hail to thy glories, beautiful spring ! This is my lay, Huzza! Huzza! 8 MULE R. My glory is felt when the daylight awakes, O'er valleys, hills, rivers, and beautiful lakes; Then my zone flower-woven is gemmed with dew, 'While the roof of my temple is Heaven's own blue, With the diamonds of midnight shining thro'. This is my lay, Huzza! Huzza! AUTUMN'. Hark ! hither I come, thro' thro' air, O'er drooping boughs, with their golden hair, To the song of the vintage and lay of the lute, Ncw dances the corn, now blushes the fruit, While valleys are vocal and cataracts shoot. This is my lay, Huzza! Iluzza ! WINTER. I come with a spirit untouched by care, Tho' Time and his breezes have thinned my hair; Hearty, tho' cold, my vigour unbroke, Like the time-honour'd boughs of my own old oak! Thus Winter exclaim'd, and he sigh 'd as he spoke. This is my lay, Huzza! Huzza! " The Countess Clemence" (by the e litor of Dolman's Magazine) is continued through several chapters. " Re vival of Christian Art in Germany" is a renewed at tempt (on the folly of which we have already expressed a strong opinion) to exalt the school and the ,produc dons of the V a n Eycks and the Durers—the Giottos and the Peruginos— above the school of Raffaelle espe cially, on the notable principle that the sublime artist of Urbino has imparted too much of the material beauty of form and refined elegance of sentiment of the best ages of classical antiquity to his representations, not alone of the Apostles and Martyrs, but of the Divine Founder of the Christian faith and His sainted mother. The hard Umbrian school of the Middle Ages, and the fresco revivers of modern Germany, are to supplant in our veneration and respect as Christian men, it seems, the glorious " Materialism"—say, rather, the intellectual inspiration of the Bolognese, or the Florentine and the Venetian schools, since the Pontificates of Alexander VI. and Pius 111., Julius 11. and Leo X. We are to look coldly on the Titians, and the Guides, and the Guercenos;—but we are to sing Te Deum for the triumphs of a hundred " unkempt" Germans, who, since Frederic Overbeck " first crossed the mountains" (like another Hannibal) in 1809, and has since been followed by Cornelius and Schad , ,w, Schnorr, Vogel, Eggers, and all the rest of the " Teutonic school" (God help us!), whose disciples are to displace from their thrones those incomparable masters of the art to whom the civilised portion of the human family has rendered, and continues to pay, the willing homage of its respect, and admiration, and gratitude!—" Risum teneatis?" TAIT'S MAGAZINE. The English Opium-Eater has an article . on the " Temperance Movement of Modern Times," and no man could treat the subject better. He writes from experience. Ile suffered grievously from the excessive use of opium, and finally conquered a habit which he a in dv t i h ce e t t e h t e n r p e e f r o a r n e ce to m th e i v is e e me th n zate rr ne h d e feared hail be come i nveterate and uncontrollable ;—his with s tr n b e a t c i e k n s e l i d n ar g e classed under nine different heads. In one of them he says: —"I counsel the patient not to make the mistake of supposing that his amendment will necessarily pro ceed continuously, or by equal increments because this, which is a common not i on, w i l l certain ly lead to dangerous disappointments. How frequently I have heard people encouraging a self-reformer by such lan language as this :—• When you have got over the fourth day of abstinence, which suppose to be Sunday. then Monday will find you a trifle better ; Tuesday better still,—though still it should be only by a trifle ; and so on. You may, at least, rely on never going back ; you may assure yourself of having seen the worst ; and the positive improvements, if trifles separately, must soon gather into a sensible magni tude. This may be true in a case of short standing ; but, as a general rule, it is perilously delu‘ive. On the contrary, the line of progress, if exhibited in a geome trical construction, would describe an ascending path upon the whole, but with frequent retrocessions into descending curves, which, comp are d with the point of ascent that had b een previovsly ga i ne d a nd so vexatiously interrupted, would sometimes seem deeper than the original point of starting. This mortifying tendency I can report from experi ences many times repeated with regard to opium." We recommend the entire treatise, however, to the wavering disciples of Father Mathew. The critique on Nelson's Dispatches is well written, and possesses in terest. We may m a k e t h e same remark on "M onas ti c Studies, Jests, and E ccentricities ;" but t h e b est ar ti c l e in the number is on t h e " Present State of P o li t i cs ," f rom ' which we give the subjoined extract. Speaking of Sir Robert Peel, the writer says : "His strength, now, is derived from two sources ;—the one is the opinion in his favour, o f a large and enlightened section of the public.- This favour has been won by the evi dence which his conduct has afforded, as well of skill, as of a regard to the governing spirit and increasing enlightenment of the times in which we live. The other source of his strength is the weakness of all other parties, and all other partymen. Many have been the occasions during the two last years, when, if the Whigs had not been utterly destroyed in popular estimation, Sir Robert Peel would have been ex cluded from his office. Had the Whigs, in the year 1837, magnanimously resigned, because unable to carry out their views of what the necessities of the nation required, they would have regained much of the reputation they had for feited, and would now have been able to appeal to a favoura ble people for their suffrages. But, as they chose to cling to power while a shred of it remained, each day saw their wan ing consideration grow less, till the bright luminary of 1832 became extinct in 1841 ; and many are the revolutions and changes, and long the time that must pass, before any section of the Liberal party have acquired power and consideration sufficient to enable them to seize upon the government of the country. The Tory party, in the meanwhile, are divided, weakened, and without any leader of ability to head them. Were Sir Robert Peel to resign or be ousted to-morrow, one month's Parliamentary campaign would utterly embroil all parties, and every attempt to organise a stable administration would prove abortive. The affairs of the country would in deed go on, by means of their inherent force and energy; but all real advance would be seriously delayed, and the utmost good that we could expect or hope would be, that no positive calamity would occur ;—a fearful risk, when we consider what is the condition of the world abroad, and that the peace of Europe and the world may at any moment be seriously en dangered by the death of the King of the French, an old though a vigorous man. These Considerations contribute largely to the maintenance of Sir Robert Peel's influence. We do not believe, indeed, that he can be ousted by any com bination of Tory forces; and, as we have alread y _ said, no Whig administration is at this moment possible. Yet we can well understand that many circumstances might occur to place him in a minority; and thus, perhaps, induce him to resign. A scramble would follow, honourable to no party, and by no means beneficia l to the p u blic. Any r e t rograde course cannot safely he adopted. If Sir Robert Peel, in the very flush of victory, and with a lar g e and obedient majority at his command, found Tory rule impossible, we need not fear any permanent establishment of such a dominion. Rash men may attempt to fix such a yoke on the people ; but they will quickly discover their own folly, and learn how wise and pru dent was the course of their wary predecessor. But this mischief may be prevented by a steady adherence on thepart of Sir Robert Peel to one set of principles and one line of conduct. If his faith in the support of the enlightened public, and reliance on their strength, should increase, it may be hoped and expected that his course will become more uniform and steady; that a wavering and somewhat tortuous direc tion wilt no longer detract from its merit, and render his commercial btit liberty, whieh tenure of office precarious.At the present moment he is, in fact, an en d uneiates, without a party; lie is Minister solely by necessity; and all mere . party ties, and by guiding . himself entirely by those annitrY ? without con. this necessity h e m ay strengthen by separating hi mself from unfortunately, he seldom consistently follows. He cannot, o indeed, nor can any g w r h e i a c t h p f r r i o t pr inciples time f t civ i l, religious, watching the conflicting opinions and e n ri b g r i o. o a u d s fy man, rule this scantly and sedulously . interests which perv ade every part of our system. Something, doubtless, must in most cuiws be yielded to compromise; b u t such compromise ought not to ftsaaraa the character of pn. nip who really desires to tradlctory principles. i ' M o and with Its • Pverll this country, for its goo d, own enlightened con sent, can safely hazard the con tr a dic tion involved in the pass ing of the Irish Colleges Bill,and the rejection of M r . Ruther furd's proposedni ea sure. The repetition of such a proceeding w¢Nld grayel3 r Compromise VW q.n,Y 41i4Ister, up 1 — e Qt a bfisited, and must 11414* to itTeeritte mat ter how gem ez. "• ' unstable of t ' on.foundatien. so as theseqf pre-. pol)Tr reptiN \Mit is reall y' eeded by 'Sir °be t sent Aelniim4rgt!oa, , our onli g hte nmen t; Peel i" 4°"ggiq s ` pppl sincerely hope experience is Mtn th so uey is b 1 t g t ne cessary quality for a really grea 'statesi The Cruiser, 16, Commander Fanshawe, sailed from Singa pore, on the 15th ot - July; for a cruise. -~~ ~~~. THE MINES of LAKE SUPERIOR. (From the New York Trifune.) From the south shore of Lake Superior, about half way of its great length, stretches some fifty miles north ward a broad and rugged promontory, terminating in Keewenaw (or ILecw( non) Point, near lat. 48 deg., or almost in the centre of the lake. On the west shore of this promontory, and not far from the Point, is Copper Harbour, around which is the most ap proved mineral regie n of Lake Superior, stretching westward some thirty or forty miles to the river Ontonagon, the only considerable or navigable stream in that quarter. This is not, of course, the full extent of the mineral region ; for the great Copper Rock itself was brought from a place notch farness- in land, on a branch of the Ontonagen, and promising veins of ore are known to exist a hundred miles back from the lake, on the summits of the Porcupine Mountains. Silver is said to have been found in good veins near the banks of the r hiZonagoe, some 30 to 50 miles inland (where the strearn, I nte l, g taken its last pitch, begins to be navigable) ; N bile even gold is s tid to has-sr been found on a lour lois coesiderahly east of Keewenaw Point. All these, however, are matters on which oar infor mation is imperfect, while our faith in some of them is moderate. That there is silver ill this region, is intrin sically probable and_ sustained by much concurrent tes timony ; that it has yet been found in such quantities and positions as to justify and reward the outlay required to mine it, we do not know. The gold report reaches us still more vaguely. Another season will probably solve many doubts. Rich as are the copper ores of many localities, it is the safe presumption that all profitable milling for them must for some time be confined to a narrow section bor dering the lake or approached by some of its bays and inlets. This mend is too bulky in proportion to its Talus to warrant a very extensive laud trens portanon in the crude form of the ore, while the process of smelting it is so costly, tedious and difficult, that we do not know where it is now performed in this country. We understand that smelting works are now in progress of erection near Boston, at Pittsburgh, Pe., and on the Hudson near this city, the last with more immediate reference to the copper product of Cuba. Ilithcrto most of the copper ores mined in this country have been smelted in England. We trust this is now near its end. The difficulties of milling copper, at any considerable distance south of Lake Superior, can hardly be appre ciated by those not familiar with the country. The sur face is remarkably rugged and broken, often rising steeply into hills from the very waters of the lake, with higher hills close behind them, and so, interspersed with swamps and morasses, back to the mountains which part the tributaries of the Superior from those of the Mississippi. The aspect is so bleak (the latitude that of Quebec), and the soil so sterile, that a settlement of it for any other than mining purposes is out of the question. The millers of the interior must make their own roads, where making them is no holiday matter, and must purchase all their forage, provisions, in a regi on w h ere the price of neither can be low. In due time, if the mineral re gion of Superior half justifies the sanguine expectations it has awakened, there will be good roads and railroads to all the richest developments. At present, those con siderably inland, if merely rf copper, must generally remain undisturbed,. though shingled with permits, ex plorations, discoveries, leases, scrips, and sundries. The mines now being worked are within a mile of the lake, where its coast is, thickly dotted with harbours, The shore is so bold and the harbours so sheltered that vessels laden with provisions, implements, &c., have safely run up within a few feet of the len I, put out a plank and rolled their barrels and packages on to the dry ground, while the streams all around (the Ontonas gon alone excepted) so utterly forbid the idea of navi gation that not even a bark canoe can be forced up their rocky and precipitous beds a hundred yards from the lake, if at all. The timber on the coast is all pitch-pine, white cedar, &c., but a mile inland generally commences the hard-wood, consisting of sugar maple, &c. This region is not heavily timbered. We hear that one small propeller steam-boat has already been launched on the lake, and another (the .Julia Palmer) will soon be. This will bring the mining region practically a week nearer the world, for the voy age from the Sault St. Marie to Copper Harbour (some 200 miles) is generally a tedious one in the small sail vessels of Superior, against the habitual westerly winds of that region. Though averaged at four or five days, it has quite often taken treble five—its uncertainty being a part of the mischief. Hereafter it will be made it some twenty-four hours, or two days at farthest. EXECUTION AT GENOA. Went to the mole, wishing to see what preparations had been made for the execution, but was refused ad mittance at the gates. I Jinn took a boat awl. went on board the Emulous, an English schooner, lying near the mole, and at a short distance from the gtilows. About noon the two criinnals arrived on foot, escorted by a procession of officers of Justice, ~oaks, and others, with a bann er , cruc ifi x, &c. The gall ows was very low, and had no drop nor z'oige, but - astrtmg . wide ls.dd or was placed against lhe cross-beam. The execu tioner was a tall, powerful man, very well anti neatly dressed, with his hair n:cely arranged, appearing somewhat like a respectable servant in half livery. Be mounted the ladder first, ai:d one of the criminals, ap parently without any compulsion, followed behind hiss, dressed in shabby, dirty clothes, with so asp or other covering for his h.md (Sr face. Ilis arms wer.3 closely pinioned to his side. When the executioner had at tached the halter, previously placed round the criminal's neck, to the hook, with a sudden thrust, ke pushed him off the ladder, arid supporting himself by the beam he stood on the neck and s h ou ld ers of his victim, jumping, stamping, and bendi ng th e h ea d sideways as much as pos s ibl e , whila one or two assistants below pulled forci bly at his legs. . The wretched man appeared to be quite dead in less than hale a minute. The execution of the second criminal, wlo was treated in the same manner, was a still more Lorrid spectacle, for he was dragged up ;he ladder, st 4 by step, by ma i n force, by the execmiontr and his men ; and his terror must have belt inereasud, if possible, by seeing the ghastly corpse of his corn-onion dangling above . him, In another minute h e was hi mse l f a corpse hanging by his side. A handsome well-fed priest then mounted the ladder, and made a short address to the spectators, exhorting theta (as I was informed, for I was at toe great a•distance to h ear hi s words) to take warning by the fate of the criminals. Not more than 200 or 300 persons were admitted on the mole. The greater part of the spectators were in boats, or in the vessels in the har bour, and among them all I could not see more than about, twenty women, who were chiefly quite of the lower orders. The assembly behaved quietly, but showed great indifference, and even levity. The bodies of the criminals remained on the gallows till half-past five in the alternoon. and the spot was visited by thousands. mole being open to the public as usual. They were natives of Savona. They had been notoriously bail characters, and one of them had been a thief from the age of five years, at which time he was in the habit of cutting off the leaden weights from the fishermen's nets when they were spread out to dry on the shore. The crime for which they suffered was a murder of the worst description. They had gone to the house of a priest in Genoa, and finding from the servant that her master was out, and would not return for some time, they murdered her by strangling her with their own hands; after which they had brutally disfigured the body. They had then plundered the house of some plate and other articles of value. They both made a confession of their guilt. This method of executing crimitlats, though really quite as humane as that adopted ir.. - eugland,and perh a p s more so, appears ver y b ar b ar o us an d uncivilised, and the spectacle is rendered infinitely more horrid by the face being exposed. Tice rolling eyes, the protr u d e d tongue, the features, purple and distorted in the death agony of strangulation, and with that hid eous expression upon them becoming gradually fixed and rigid, form a spectacle, the horrors of which can neither be described by those who have wit nessed it, nor conceived by those who have not. But the advocates for capital punishments and public execu tions say that the example is useful in deterring others from committing crime. If so, the Genoese are more rational than the English, because, without increasing the sufferings of the criminal, they make that example as effective and horrible as possible. And the . ad dress of the priest, standing on the ladder by the side of the scarcely lifeless bodies, and speaking to an assembler, r every individual of which, however . depraved, a short time at least, be in a serious mood, must,miglt.be d impressive made, if well managed, a veryemn an a E n ye Witness.) part of this dreadful ceremony.--(From . HOW TO IMPROVE THE CONDI TION OF THE LABOURING CLASSES. The following extracts are from a pamphlet with this title, by E. D. Davenport, Esq. Many of the facts men• tioned in this small work are so evident, that it is need less to add any comment : " We now come to consider what objections can be started against improved husbandry, as a mode of enriching the la bouring classes; and first the uncertainty as to what is called or miscalled legislative protection, and the possible fall in the price of corn. But the price of corn is being kept down al ready by the new laws, and especially by Canadian importa tions, and is likely to be still more so. The best answer that such apprehensions can receive is by a reference to the com parative rents and profits in Scotland, where the farmers' crops are so much greater than they are here, as to make the selling pike a matter of secondary consideration. If they bushelcar get ie ple2rtor acre) six i quarters n ' one of year's cro l l y ) 1t , 1 etaheya havefi n shillingso great rea son to complain either of low prices or inadequate profit, nei ther do they. The language of habitual complaint, bad crops, bad times, and want of protection, belongs to a very difirent class of farmers, who are wont to rely on anything rather than their own skill. They invoke legislative protection, forgetting the change of circumstances which (supposing it ever to have been defensible) now renders it needless, and consequently still more odions to the other classes who have long complained of it. This change has been effected partly by mechanical science, which produces good draining tiles at one-third of the cost formerly paid for bad ones, besides ploughs and other implements on improved constructions; with respect to draining, it is now admitted that the cheapest as well as the most effective mode of doing it is to cut drains four feet deep, and at thirty-three feet intervals. Secondly, the accidental discovery of ,a concentrated manure .which serves all the purposes of horse or town manure, and is brought upon the land at one-third of the previous expense attending any equally restorative proces.. So long as guano lasts the tenant may augment his crop in proportion to the quantity he can purchase; and it has already been sholin that a ton of boiled bones upon an acre of grass land, and at a cost of from 3/. 10s. to 41. 13s. will double its value. With what face, then, can the farmers or owners of such soils re presenting, as they do, a large portion of the north-west, as well as other parts of England, ask for protective duties when they have it in their power to double their means at so small a pecuniary sacrifice ? The Author's tenants (living near manufacturing towns) have learned during the two or three past years that which th e y before doubted, that they depend on a prosperous commerce; for the worst year they ever encountered was that of commercial depression, when their produce fell for want - of purchasers, and protection, the re fuge of the idle and helpless, has long ceased to occupy their thoughts. The very word serves as a motto to sluggards who confide in its fallacious promise. What think they, can men want, whom their representative law-makers protect irrespectively of the quantity or quality of their productions? Therefore, they trust their soothsayers and are ruined; they were led to expect a protection which would ensure them 803. the quarter for wheat, and when ripe brought them only 40s. They haYe7since been told to expect 565., and have to sell is at 455.; still they believe in spite o f their senses in powers which neither do, .nor ought to exist. The true believers are everywhere discernible by unerring insignia; you may know them afar off; rushy fields of brown and yellow herbage, small crops, and more rags than rents bespeak the true faith. "Among . the objections of landowners of small minds and great prejudices to improved farming, we must not omit that of granting long leases, by which they think they lessen their absolute dominion over their tenants; a privilege for which they and through them the community pay an awful price. They prefer seeing their land half- - cultivated rather than endow the occupier with the power of voting according to his conscience, and thereby risking (however slightly) Isis dissent from his landlord. Yet without leases, or something equivalent, capital will not be embarked in the soil, unless the landlord has earned, as rarely happens, the entire con fidence of the tenant. The rule, therefore, should be to give 14 or 19 years' leases, according to the terms offered by men of capital, skill, and character. " But here we do really want legislative protection, for many landlords of entailed property (the writer among others) do not possess the power on some estates of leasing beyond eleven years, and it were well if such disabilities were to a certain degree at least, removed by Act of Parliament. Rational objections therefore to the more intimate connexion between capital and land, there are absolutely none ;—we have hereby published the banns of marriage, of which it rests with commerce to effect the consummation. " The plain and obviouecause of the insufficient supply of cheap provisions is the superabundant proportion of bad pasture land—why is this? Simply because men of capital are not to be found to till it properly; and until they offer themselves, experience tells the owner that it is less destruc tive to his estate, to lay in bad pasture than in bad tillage, snd therefore the proportion of the latter is restricted in Lis leases or agreements to such a quantity as the tenant is likely from his means to keep in proper condition. Hence the restrictive leases against which the half-informed raise such an outcry, as if it were faulty or criminal in landowners to be on their guard against the pseudo-capitalist, or real robber, who expects to find his capital (instead of bringing it) by ploughing old pastures till they, cease to produce anything when the tenant is pretty sure to throw up his no longer pro fitable holding. This is a very common case, and hasamong others occurred in a notable instance to a large grazing farm in the author's possession; whose rule has since been to allow old pastures to be broken up only in cases where an equal quantity of other land is laid down with good grass seeds. " There can be no doubt that the whole of our dairy anti grass farms are managed in such a way as to keep all con cerned in them in comparative poverty ; were the cattle fed in the stalls as in Switzerland, the meadows and pastures would form, as they do in Scotland, the exceptions rather than the rules of farming. The whole population would prove no more than necessary to the . constant work of manuring, cleaning, and cultivating the increased tillage, and in gathering the enormous crops resulting from it. The la bourer would have no longer to complain that during severe winters like the last the farmers will not give them employ ment ; in short, they would cease to be poor, or chargeable as such to their neighbours. It is no va lid bjection to this change of system to urge the difficulty and cost of additional cow-houses ; the landowne-, who, being often a dissipater of his own, it not of other people's money, may not be able to build, but the capitalist would do so if a term of lease suffi- ciently long were granted him —say 21 years. " What, then, can Parliament do to benefit agriculture ? Keep up an incessant cry for protection, always promised but never granted. What is to be gained by this course ? Con stant warfare with the commercial classes, and a gradually decreasing majority, now actually bearded and challenged to prove their title to what they ask. Instead of this self-delusive course, would it not be bet ter to adopt some practical measures liable to no conflicts, and tending to promote improvement, by inducing the more free investment of capital in the soil? One of the first of these steps should be the granting powers to lease lands for terms of 14 (if not of 19 or 21) years. Who in the mean while will venture to take land in bad condition on specula tion without such guarantees?" THE MITRE v. THE TRENC lIER.--OUr Right Reverend and Respected Diocesan was at Tavistock the other day, in pursuit of his vocation. The Reverend Vicar asked him to dine ; with much episcopal coyness he excused himself—" his hour would not suit the Vicar's excellent lady (the gifted Mrs. Bray)." This, of course, demanded that he should be pressed for his hour. He reluctantly named 1 o'clock. How primitively apostolic It was an excellent example to set the working•clergy to dine at the hour patronised by the working classes. Of course no hour was more conve nient to the hospitable vicar. At one they dined; but pre vious to that hour Lady came and invited Mrs. Bray to dine at six—to meet the Bishop. The accomplished author expressed her surprise at the invitation, but agreed to accept it. The Bishop dined at the vicarage, and plied his knife and fork like a mortal man who knew that his hour was come, and felt fit to meat it. He departed early taking leave of hospitable folks at the vicarage with more than apostolic fervour—he hoped to meet them in heaven ! Mrs. Bray did not intend to deter the interview so long. She went to 'Lady -- at six. The Bishop met her unexpectedly, but gave no token of surprise. He ate his six o'clock dinner with mar vellous nonchalence, and so completely did he disguise his feelings, that none of the guests could possibly imagine whst had been passing through the episcopal shirt collar between one and three o'clock on that very day. It was afterwards remarked that his smile on taking wine with Mrs. Bray, was more than usually sincere and agreeable. This is the last story we have heard respecting the Bishop. We received it from a staunch Tory and high churchman.— Western Times. THE COAL TRA DE .—The Gtis ow liendd of Friday states that householders in that city are now paying from 15s. 6d. to 17s. per waggon for coals which they formerly obtained at 9s. and 10s. ; and that some public works are new paying 14s. per waggon for an article which, little more than eighteen months since, they obtained for 7s. 3d. The cause of this is easily found in the greatly increased demand consequent upon the briskness of all public works, and especially from the increase of the iron trade, added to the recent alteration in the law which permits the export of coal duty free. The wages of the colliers have also been materially advanced ; but it must not be supposed, however, that the workmen get all the benefit of the increased price, for we have been informed that, when the collier adds 3d. to the former rates, the master often follows it up by adding 6d. At all events, the present state of things, in a district which is the centre of an exhaustless supply of coal, is somewhat anomalous, and we should like much to see a remedy. We may add, that prices of coal have not been so high in Glasgow since the period known as the " big strike," which occurred seven or eight years since. The same state of matters exists in Edinburgh. MINE ACCIDENT.—On Tuesday last, as two bro thers, Thomas and James Treglown, were preparing to blast a hole in one of thelevels of North Roskear Mine, Camborne, and while tamping, the powder ignited, and James, the younger, had his arm broken in three places, his face and head shockingly mutilated, and several other bad bruises and cuts.— Falmouth Packet, BELPER.—The silk glove branch, which has for this last month caused the utmost excitement among those connected with the trade, seems not to mend, as on Monday last the manager of the silk department gave out nothing but a few samples (not giving employment to one of every twenty), and intimated that he should not give out full work until the latter end of October.—Nottingham Review. A sad accident occurred on Friday afternoon, at Toms's brewery, Stoke. A child' fell into the copper of boiling water, and a man in attempting to rescue it fell in likewise. They were both so dreadfully scalded that but faint hopes are entertained of their recovery.—Dempart Telegraph. , . ANOTHER EARTHQUAKE AT COMRIE..--011 Monday the 224 inat., three earthquakes occurred here; first, about one P.m t next about twenty minutes afterwards, and the third about twenty minutes to four o'clock P.M : , but as they were comparatively slight, they did not give much alarm.— Seotman, The Duke and Duchess of Norfolk are entertain ing a family circle. at Arundel Castle, where Lord Edward Howard has arrived from a tour. The Earl and Countess of Arundel and Surrey are not e3tpeeted to return from their visit to. si r Edmund and Lady Lyons, at the British embassy at Athens, until the end of this year. EXTRACTION OF A FRAGMENT OF GLASS FROM THE EYE-BALL.—A joiner, working at a glp,s4 NA•indow, Was struck by a fragment of glas, in the right eye, and called Pr, 4eng t e to eAcamine the The cornea was divided at its inner tird bj!, 4 veiticalswound, encroaching, above ancl below, n'pou selerotiCa; from the sime,rioy. utgre'of this division protruded IlOrtion o 1 the iris and of the ciliiry ligament; fitrtlier on, touching the upper lid, the surgeon felt distinctly a solid body entangled in the ball. The foreign body proved to be a fragment ef. g`, of a triangular shape; the basis of the trianglthehto , than hale an inch in length; find eadli Of 14.- : des more '4ole " an _ medical rime inch.• It was extracted w ith a dis s ecting forceps, a nd the patient is doingwell. BELGIUM. BRUSSELS, SEPT. - 28.—The most - interesting-event in the celebr a ti on o f the anniversary of the Belgian revo lution was - the public distribution' - of - pilzes to those pupils who had distinguished themselves in the univer sity and general concursus. The ceremony, which took place in the so-called Temple of the A ugustinians, was at bvyera al great Min Ministers number m of b S er tat o l t a tended by the Ki ng , the Queen,-theDuke of B r ab an t, se tmheorhirgeh3pfueentealojenarreiessid, residents d s 'ther tither er in this city. The introdamory discourse was delivered by M Van de Weyer, the Minister of the Interior, who set forth the advantages of the concursus, eulogise 1 the strict impartiality of tho distinguish d persons who had to decide on the relative - merits of each student, and indirectly but hreiblY - condemned all attempts to excite suspicions of the purity of motive and unbiassed judg. bent of the jury of examiners. "1t st welt con vinced,. my young friends," said his Excellency, ad dressinc, the pupils, " that .i n or d er to atta i n a high de gree of morality yourselves, it is strictly necessary to have faith in the morality of when , . Consult history, and you will discover that nothing great has ever been produced by mistrust, which only discloses an im poverishment and decay of mind." The part of M. Van de Weyer's speech referred to a portion of the Catholic party,- which persists in throwing suspicion on the insti tution, as well as on the acts of the jury of examiners, who are appointed by the Legislature. The conchs sion of his speech was as follows:—" It was a happy idea, on the part of - the patriotic Minister who first conceived the project of this concursus, to fix the day on which the laureates should receive the reward of their labours amongst- the anniversary days of our national independence. - His impression, no doubt, was that the enthusiam inspired - into the hearts of the young by the conquest of oar free institutions should be accompanied - by the solemn conviction that know ledge can alone secure their maintenance, that there is no true liberty save an enlightened one, and that the greater the number of .our acquired rights the more numerous -a so are, our &sties towards our beloved country. For our parts, gentlemen, we shall endeavour to accomplish our task. Already has his Majesty. in his lively anxiety to forward the interests of studious youth, opened a new career for the active intelligence of the laureates, for the disinterested cultivation of science, for the sake of science, and for the national formation of the university corps, by the organisa tion of the institution of aggregate professors. The Go vernment, moreover, by the re-establishment of the per manent inspection of scholastic institutions, will be en abled_to unite all the elements of a good law on secon dary education. May I be allowed to express my sin cere satisfaction at being called upon as a Minister to carry out measures which as a professor I should have gratefully applauded, at a time when the approaches to the higher branches of instruction presented al most - insuperable difficulties ? These reminiscences of past days press the snore vividly now before me, standing as I am in the presence of the learned per sons here assembled, amongst whom I have the happi ness to meet again with professors who were once, and who are still 'my colleagues." - M. Van de Weyer's speech was received in a manner which, for a select Belgian assembly, may be termed enthusiastic. After an annual report had been read, the laureates received their prizes from the hands of the Minister of the Interior, and were presented by him to their Majes ties, who graciously complimented them on their success. An affecting episode (so to write) in the regular proceedings of the d a y mus t not b e suffered to pass unnoticed. The pupil who obtained the first prize in rhetoric (written and oral) was Charles Petit, of the College of Mons. His composi. tions, which set forth the natural glory of Bel gium in the persons of its warriors, poets, prose writers, and artists, was read to the assembly, and greeted with considerable applause. The general secre tary of the Minister of the Interior then arose and read a Ministerial report to the King, in which the long ser vices of the professor of rhetoric at the College of Mons were referred to in warm terms of praise, and in which also his Majesty was respectfully recommended by the Minister of the Interior to nominate the professor in question a Chevalier of the Order of Leopold. The reading of this document was followed by that of a royal decree, conferring the order alluded to. It is time now to state that this re spected professor was M. Petit,. the father of the young laureate above-named. Thus did one day and one public ceremony witness the well-deserved triumph of father and son, of professor and pupil. It must be mentioned also that M. Petit, sen., through an honourable and nice (perhaps over nice) feeling of delicacy would not allow his son to compete with his fellow-students for the special prizes of the college of Mons. The recent opportunity, however, of gaining distinction was a na tional one, from which no pupil could be excluded, and at which only real merit could hope to be recognised. The Honourable Professor was presented to their Ma jesties by M. Van de Weyer, amidst general applause. - - FOG IN GLASGOW.—On Monday we wer e v i s it e d by a dense fog, which comm e n ced about five in the morning, and continued till near ten o'clock forenoon. Several of the steamers which left the Broomielaw were obliged, after groping their way as far down as Renfrew, ringing their bells all the way, to remain at the wharf there for a couple of hours, ere proceeding to Greenock. The vessels coming up the river had likewise to remain a considerable time at Greenock, and at Helensburgh the fog was so close between eight and ten o'clock, that the steamers could not make the quay, and the only means of communication between those on board and those on shore was by sounding horns..Ar9us. BustGLAnr.—Tuesday morning between twelve and seven o'clock, a burglary was effected on the preini,es of Mr. Smarting, a hosier. residing in Albion -street, New -road, which was discovered when Mr. Smarting opened his shop in the morning. The thieves had effected an entrance by means of false keys, and had plundered the shop of a great portion of its contents, and bad likewise put on new shirts and stockings, leaving their old ones behind ; they had also made their way:to the kitchen; where they regaled themselves with some beef and ale. THE GRAVESEND POST - OFFICE ROBBERY.--SIN GULAR DISCOVERY OF THE STOLEN BAGS.-It will be re membered that the mail bags were stolen from the post-office at Gravesend, on the night of Friday, the 27th of June. ITp to Saturday last no trace Of missing bags or any portion of their contents could be obtained, when on that day they were discovered within a hundred yards of the spot from whence they had been stolen. An uninhabited house in Edwin-street being about to be occupied, sweeps were em ployed to cleanse the chimneys, and from one of which the bags and rifled letters were brought to light. It is said that some of the notes obtained by this robbery have been nego tiated in Francs. BODT FOUND IN THE RIVER.—On Tuesday Mr. Baker held an inquest at the Queen's Head, Poplar, on the body of a man, name unknown, but evidently a foreign sea man. The body was found on Sunday floating in the water off the St; Katharine Docks, and appeared to have been im mersed for a considerable time. Deceased must have been about thirty years of age ; was dressed in canvass trousers and blue striped Guernsey shirt, had black hair and large whiskers, and the sign of the cross tattooed on his arm. Ver dict, " Found drowned." JUDGES IN THE UNITED KINGDOM. — There are 363 judges in the United Kingdom, whose salaries amount to 402,0321 a year. England has 145, Ireland 124, and Scotland 94. The salaries in England are 208,9761; in Ireland, 116,086/. ; and in Scotland, 76,9701. A young woman, named .Anne Dangerfield, met a shocking death, while picking stone at the new work° 'near Ketley, by the earth sinking, and she falling in, h';:r body was almost instantly covered by the loose earth. Although as sistance was promptly at hand, upwards of an hour elapsed efore the body was recovered, when Mb was quite extinct. The falling in of the earth was occasioned by a part of a mine which had been exhausted not having been propped up by the colliers.—Shrewsbury Chronicle. SWALLOWING PINS IN A FRIGUT..---On Tuesday morning, about twelve o'clock, a young woman, named Sarah Young, residing in Castle-street, Oxford-market, being sud denly startled by the report of a pistol, swallowed a quantity of pins that she had in her mouth at the time. Several of them fixed in her throat and threatened to suffocate her, but Mr. Mottles, a surgeon, was proulptly In attendance and suc ceeded in removing three of the pins. It is supposed, how ever, that some were swallowed. The Earl of Ellenbomugh was to leave Southern Rouse, Gloucestershire. on Monday, to attend the funeral of his uncle, the Bishop of Bath and Wells, on Tuesday, at Wells Cathedral. - The French Government have ordered the building of three neve steemers for the naval service between Calais and Dover. One of them is to be on the screw-propelling principle. The two French mail-packets now in the service at CPlaislwill be taken off that station. THE OLD EEL-PIE HOtIsE IN TIIE FIELD3.—Time strangely alters scenes and circumstances, and the "Old Eel-pie House," under consideration, has undergone various strange changes in its time. Some two hundred Years ago it was an inn in good repute, and was known under the sign of the Swan • here were tea. gardens for the • rural entertain ment of the citizens, and here many merry sports were in dulged in, according to the taste and fashion of those times, At the period In question this house stood quite alone, and was surrounded by green meadows ; the nearest thoroughfare to it was 4 narrow viaduct, called Swan-lane (now Swan.alley). Here hot eel-plea were always ready to hand ; and so famous was the Swan in those days for the above dainty edible, that it ultimately became better known under the distinguishing title of the Eel-pie House than by the sign under which it was licensed. This domicile now stands in one of the most densely populated neighbourhoods in the City of Loideu, It - being immediately opposite Norwich-court ; Fetter -lane. It is still a public-house, and goes lly the sign of the Swan and Sugar Loaf. But, tont,poro mutant-Qr.' of the-old building has been so modernised as to shat Oct t a l l! The appearance vestiges alts vestutan appearance, and the Qi; : , l or rquen ' ted e il; whlch,_somethins short of half a centu 'X I lly 9a chai r iged for the old homely looking kitchen, the most_ .. eminent dining there, literatiworse. ofill.htphecloyperllqdvezt d -, ear . o o ; l4 in io ll t l s a h o te e m r i e i l a a o b f it of be enumerated the late LANs ] keuypn and ETeklne, and discussing the topics of the times; Among them might Par tridge, Gould, GarreWi sane' of and Qt ors of, the penultimate and ul timateotohtlzdisputAnts; Stochlart, of the Times news.. paper ; Quin, o the' New Times newspaper ; John ThelvrAll, the elocutionist ; Docket, of the Public 14ed9or 1 Caidcr, of I:o a r li n d the Rneimman ; Brownlow, the eelcbmted q u i: distinguished and pseful writeTs; WI cAlnduetors of the public press of those days, l'lm ore all gone, and l now remMnptlwtiat was once the " Old Eel-pie lionso i t 4 pelds," but the spacious antiquated salmn in in n days gore by, many great men who i_ _ , ~.which, , ,tl otter times, rendered themselves famous bht at the. bar ' a d • m the senate, were won,„t to ooildnc‘,l their ebates.—Postn UIIANTING LEASES.— TO-4 N of last session, called "'A aY ( VOckesday) an Act certain Leases," comes ' "'An kiAStkeilit4te the granting of menta may now %, yho me.r. Leases for lands and terse= l e . w,t icA t u l e i 41 0 % 4 : .e.9? 1 it Very small piece of pArclonent. le g iA . ,„,„, r.:ls annexed to the Act show the art of ...ensntion. -Payment. for leases under the Act is to be made in - reference to the skill displayed, and not accord, ing to the extent of -the instrument. By an Act of last year a : deed •ne,eil not; be "indented " at the top, and the usual ex vession "this indenture" has heen changed to this deed," ill' i I NEW GERMAN REFORMATION, The Universal German Gazette cont a i ns t h e follow ing :—" The divine service of th© German Catholic The ser , be en celebrated for the first time at opf Fenrnsentkhr,orctu,roaffiteciop_f.iedt.l.)e German curate of Hamburgb. The ceremony took place in th-, praying -room of the mon was presiehed by Mr. Wittig, Institution de Franck : 41 m'embers received the sacra. C CAf a ha t ul h irce ol h cre rh congre gation at A io l 'q r. Merit." Th e Frankfurt Journal announces that on Saturday, the 20th, was e:instituted, at Essling (Wirtemburg), the German Catholic congregation of that town. The Meal ben amount to 40, some of whom wero Protestants, the others converted Roman Catholics. The appearance of Mr. Ronge was anxiously hoped for. Mr. Mangold was named head of the new sect. A new decree was issued on the 18th by the Govern ment of Hesse concerning the German Catho lics. The motive for this proceeding was afforded by a petition of the German Catholics of Flamaq that the curate of the town should be authorised to officiate at baptisms, marriages, and funerals.. The German Catholics of Marbourg had also demanded. permission to form themselves into a congregation ac eording to the principles adopted at the Council of Leipsic, with the assistance of Protestant clergymen at their religious eeremonies. The following is the decree :—" A sect which desires to fbrm itself acc: rding to the principles and rules of the Council of Leip.iie cannot be tolerated nor recognised in the electorate of Hesse. The assistance of evangelical clergymen cannot be allowed to the members of such st. sect. The private meetings of such a sect cannot any longer be tolerated, and the members must confine their devotions to their own ht uses." FRASER'S MAGAZINE. The political editor of Fraser is a most amusing per sonage. He varies his shape and character every month. At one time he is .a good old-fashioned Tory, as stern and unalterable as Eldon and Wetherell—both defunct as regards political affairs. He even surpasses New castle and Winchilsea, and can see nothing but ruin and loss of character in every step taken by the Peel Ministry. The poor old Tories then worship him us one of the last of their idols ; but, unfortunately, on his next appearance on the stage, he has assumed a totally different character. He thinks there is some truth in what is advanced by Russell, and Palmerston, and Ma caulay, and speaks in loud strains on the beauties of free trade, conciliation to Ireland, and the proper ma nagement of the affairs of the Church. Suddenly he assumes a new shape, and seems to station himself on the side of some highway in days when stage-coaches existed, describes Peel as the driver, rages with boned less fury at his reckless driving, and tells every man he meets that at the next turn the mad coachman will over set the vehicle, kill every man inside and outside, and entirely ruin the concern. The coach, however, goes on very steadily. No one is thrown out—the driver keeps his seat comfortably, and drives away without any acci dent. A pause takes place—perhaps for a month; then a new trick is played off, and the luckless, confiding race, whose watchword is " Church and State," find that they are the only parties who have been thrown out. Peel and Fraser have alike done them. In the pre sent number the fact is placed beyond doubt. We have heard of many apologies, but we never read one which could be so very offensive to any class as the very last in favour of Sir Robert Peel's measures must be to the " remnants of the broken faction." In fact, it admits that Peel has done everything that mortal man can do for the safety of the country, and the old Tories are earnestly entreated, therefore, to cling to him as their only protector. Fraser, we believe, is right at last, for they cannot help themselves. The result of his political disquisitions is thus related:— . _ _ " Meanwhile our advice to all with whom an opinion ex pressed by us promises to have weight is this, not to suffer passion or impulse to gain the mastery over them, but to be lieve that these is greater difficulty in managing the affairs of this empire than fireside politicians are apt to imagine. The Government which goes here and there, contrary to our preconceived notions of tbat which is best, does not, there- fore, deserve to be denounced as either treacherous or im becile. We may regret the errors which we fancy that we detect, but we shall act both unwisely and uncharitably if we attribute them to base intentions. What possible motive, for example, except the desire to act for the best, can have influence with such men as Sir Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Aberdeen, and Mr. Goulburn ? They may be deceived, for they are only human. They may mistake the right line, and persist, as we think that they are now doing in Ireland, to keep it too long after its results have be come manifest. But let us not forget, that to pass from one line to another in politics is as difficult as it is to alter the whole arrangement of a line of battle after the action has be gun. And seeing that the very first step aside from that on which they are now moving must inevitably lead Ministers into a course of stern coercion, no right-minded man will blame them for exercising great caution and forbearance ere they take it. " And now hoping that we have set ourselves right with such of our friends as may have been inclined to charge us with wavering in our opinions, we cannot conclude without once more congratulating them on the flourishing state of the country, both as regards the public treasury and the general condition of individuals. Not for many years past has the revenue been so productive, trade so brisk, and com forts so generally diffused throughout society. Surely we may all rejoice in this ; and surely such portion of the praise as is due to man at all we may, without sycophancy, award to the statesmen who found us, in 1841, verging on national bankrupcy, and by their excellent management have made us what we are. And if, here and there, points be forced upon us which we could wish to be different, let us bear with them as well as we can, so long as forbearance shall be pos sible. No living man may hope in 1845 or 1847 to conduct the Government as he might have done in 1815 or 1817. What 1857 may bring to pass remains to be seen: but, for the present, as Sir Robert Peel and his colleagues have with some evil, effected much good for the country, we do not feel disposed, in subserviency to any pressure from without, to withdraw our confidence from them." In the literary parts of the journal there is, as usual, much to interest the reader. "Private Life of the Romans," in continuation of a similar article iii reference to the Greeks, displays much research, and is enriched with useful observations. Amidst all the high enco miums on Roman magnificence and patrician display, however, it cannot fail to be observed that they knew little of what we call comfort ; they were, as compared with the men of the present day, only a superior race of savages, and probably not surpassing the ancient Mexi cans or Peruvians either in their taste or in the manner in which they gratified themselves with festive luxuries. They had no carpets, no tablecloths—we doubt much if they knew the use of linen shirts. The following de scription, which is given OR the authority of Becker, will justify these remarks:— " The fitting up of the table scarcely corresponded with the luxuries piled upon it. The Romans had no word for table-cloth in the language. Even Augustus could not please the eye of Virgil with a beautiful pattern in damask. The interposition of a purple duster between the various pauses of the repast, afforded a very poor substitute. In fact, the linen department seem to have been supplied on the same principle that regulates an establishment at Stockwell or Chelsea—every guest brought his own napkin ; and why not his fork and silver spoon ? The absence of knives was simply owing to taste—they had them ; but only the carver thought it w o rth while to employ them. In the mode of serving a dinner we notice one peculiarity that might be imitated with advantage; the dishes were not brought in singly, but a complete course was placed on the table in trays, which were frequently remarkable for the splendour and costliness of the workmanship and materials. The sweet-smelling saw-dust, swept by a palm-twig besom, is nevertheless very pleasantly replaced among our selves by the soft and yielding Turkey carpet. The rush floor of our magnificent nobles in the sixteenth century will be recollected. The same mixture of squalor and luxury may be traced in the Roman manner of lighting. The use of the oil lamp was universal, and every grace of invention was ex hausted to shape and decorate the lamp, at the same moment that the ascending vapour was defacing the beauty of the ceiling. The simple and obvious precaution of "glass cylinders to consume the smoke," seems never to have oc-• curred to a Roman upholder. They were made of bronze, marble, gold, silver, and terracotta. "As the orifice for pouring in the oil was small, special, boat-like vessels infundi tub, having in front a small hole only, were used. Instru ments were also used for snuffing the wicks, and were fastened by a chain to the lamp; small pincers for raising the wick have also been found at Pompeii in great numbers. When a figure stood upon the lamp, it sometimes held this nstrument by a chain in its hand." DOLMAN'S MAGAZINE. There are certain parties who imagine that they have been readers of history in their youth, but discover, in mature age, that they hare not only been egregiously deceived in assuming that to be authentic which they have read, but that its most important passages are pre cisely those which they have since forgotten. They then endeavour to console themselves, under the un pleasant conviction to which they are reluctantly brought, by finding mares' nests, in the shape of events which they suppose the most eminent historians to have over looked, or the most intelligent readers to have put some false construction upon, if they have been recorded. It is always amusing to observe the high value they put upon their " waifs and estrays" of history, where they consider them to ba discoveries ; or the grave com placency with which they dwell upon the erroneous im pressions they pronounce all the rest of the world to have entertained of the bearing of facts that are on all hands admitted. The writer of a paper called the " Stuarts in Exile," with which the present number of Dobnali opens, comes within this class of readers of history. There is as much oblivion of some facts as there is misconstruction of others, in the following so phisticated attempt to palliate the treason committed by the most imbecile of the Stuarts to the constitution he had sworn to respect:— With the name of James the Second, Catholicism and erhit,rary power are, in the minds of a great majority of per sons, superficially acquainted with the facts .of English history, inseparably connected : gqd ri.eygrtlleless i the worst crime which can be laid to his Owe is ; that In the exec; cise of a prerogative which he believed himself to possess ! and of which the legal limits ha I in fact never been authoritativoly defined, he attempted to carry out certain great principles of qvij and religious- liberty, whereof in our own more en tiwes all parties have recognised the. justice and wisdom- wiw alleged 4csigng 4.410 to. subvert the Es- Church, aml Kelipt#te CatliOl i tcism in its ste44, were 09) 1 7 44t449414 the guactulie4 . s 't4 I:4:thoke'llelix.f ~ h h~f'.il' ` .~.~ r ! th 6 to 0 0 C° th 6