The Sun. — London, England, 1821-09-22 00:00:00

~~~~ f ~ ~.~ ~~ ~~ . 104...: ~..... x. • 0 5 , ' ' ~:. , i'•N:,..i--=-", - .. ....i ....' ~-..- p . • ..,-_: =,,,,1 ••-il 1,--ir ---= OP _ ,- -F.' , _ -01 ' 4. Oezi kf ----7: .A , - , ....'•4•4,,,C1 r) - ,4 , 2 4 . 1 A - , 1,.--z ' ,lIV . ;' ta A tii...,. l: 4 4 :.:.!, y' ' ' ,4 't.' 4111.11 6 /P _ / 444 Age: 44 // ;1; ; , / , i 'e C ' eA( ' --- . _ NTT ME ER 9072.1 SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 22, 1821 - . . AT a MEETING of the COMMITTEE for CONDUCTING the SUBSCRIPTION for the LIFE GUARDS ; JOHN BLADES, Esq. in the Chair; Resolved, That in consequence of a paragraph which ap peared in the COURIER. of Wednesday last, the Committee think it due to their Honorary Secretary, to declare, that he was sufficiently authorized to insert, and perfectly justified in inserting, the supplementary notice added to the Resolutions of the lath of September. That to obviate the unnecessary trouble of returning the Sub scriptions in small sums, no part thereof shall be repaid until the'first week in November, to which time the Committee ex tends the period announced in their list .Advertisement for re ceiving notice of the wishes of the Subscribers, and that a list shall be previously advertised of the parties to whom repayment will be made, to give an opportunity of discovering the ,fraud, if any names have been surteptitiouslyk used. Sept. 21, 1821. JOHN BLADES, Chairman. ST. THOMAS'S and GUY'S HOSPITALS. SIR ASTLEY COOPER WILL BEGIN his COURSE of LECTURES on SURGERY, on MONDAY, the Ist of October, at Eight o'Clock in the Evrning; QUEEN ANNE'S BOUNTY TO THE CLERGY. - N°T ICE is hereby given, • that the INTE REST due at NHCHAELMAS NEXT will be paid by JOHN PATERSON, Esq. Treasurer, at No. 63, Old Broad street, every day from Michaelmas to Christmas next, be tween the hours of Ten and Two, holidays excepted; that the Receipti for Monies from the Parliamentary Fund are to be kept separate from those of the Royal Bounty, and that the Stamp-duty is allowed whenever the amount of it is charged in the Receipts. ALBION FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY, NEW BRIDGE-STREET, BLACKFRIARS, EMPOWERED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT. CAPITAL-ONE MILLION. NSURA.N CES falling due at MICITAEL- X_ MAS• will expire, unless renewed withi❑ Fifteen Days from that period. The Company's Rates and Conditions are of the most rea sonable description :—no Charge is made for Fire Policies, when the Premium exceeds ss.:—no Admission Fine is charged on Life Insurance :—a liberal commission is allowed to Solicitors, and others, who effect Life Insurances;—and every facility is afforded by which the interest and conve nience of the Public may be promoted. WARNER PHIPPS, Secretary. ANTIBILIOUS PILLS, invented by ED-1 WARD HALLAM, Surgeon and Apothecary. This Preparation justly esteemed its agreeable and certain operation, by which it effectually remotes all Inaction or Obstruction of the Stomach and Bowels, whether arising from Bile, Indigestion, Flatulency, or Cold; Sickness at Stomach, Head-Ache, &c. It operates by dislodging acrid bile or other crudities retained in the Intestinal Canal, and acts as an Alterative to the system generally. Free from any Antimonial or Mercurial Preparations, it is at all times safe ; and has been given with singular good effect during Pregnancy. Its action is particularly adapted to Persons of Bilious Ha bits, and those of sedentary lives, where a sufficient action of the Bowels is not kept up, and crudities retained in those organs arc frequently producing Pains and Distensions, Head- Aches, Languor, and Giddiness, or a sense of Weariness and Oppression. A single trial will fully convince the Patient of their efficacy. The worst cases of Bilious or Sick Head-Aches are certainly removed by a single Dose, and in a much shorter time than could be credited, but from experience. The Pro prietor thinks it proper to remark, they will be found ;sot only to act without pain or uneasiness, but to leave the body, after their immediate action ceases, free from that costive state which generally succeeds the operation of laxative Me- dicines. Sold by E. Edwards, 66, on the Footway, St. Paul's Church yard, London, price 2s. 9d. and 4s. 6d. per Box. Sold also by Sangerand Chandler,Oxford-street; Ward, Holborn: Strad ling, Exchange; and Willmott, London Bridge. Where also may he procured, SPILSBURY's PATENT ANTISCORBUTIC DROPS, a Remedy in Scurry, Gout, Rheumatism, and Scrophulous Diseases. Prepared at the Dispensary, 15, Soho-square, London, price 6s. Ins. 611. and 11. 2s. Duty included. The Genuine has a Black Ink Stamp. FOREIGN LITERATURE. (No. XLI.) VOYAGE aux REGIONS EQUINO.X.IALES du NOU VAAU CONTINENT : i. e. Travels in the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent, performed in and from 1799 to 1804, by ALEX.DE HUMBOLDT And A. DE BONPLAND ; with two Atlases, one containing Views of the Cordilleras and Monuments of the Indigenous Inhabitants of America, and the other containing Geographical and Physical Maps and Plans. Vol. IV. 4to. Paris. 1821. I.Continued from Monday's Paper.] This great and beautiful work, this true encyclo pcedia of the New World, is the subject of a question, the solution of which demands all the reader's attention. I have heard it thus propos ed and resolved in the form of criticism and re proach :—Does M. de Humboldt now present to the public a real journey ? Is this the Itine rary which his friends advised him to write, and which he announces himself in his preface ? Is it not rather a Pantheon which he raises and dedicates to the .whole body of the sciences, after having raised and dedicated a particular temple to each of them ? To speak plainly, in short, is not this pretended journey too learn ed, and has not M. tie Humboldt lost sight of the maxim "saperc ad sobrielatem ? I should not have taken part in this discussion, if it were not a convenient channel of bringing before the rea der a portion of the objects' comprised in this fourth volume : I say a portion, for the observa tions are so numerous and miscellaneous, that to connect them one with, another, and to bring them forward again in their whole, it would frequently be necessary to add to the text instead of cur tailing it, and the supposed analysis would resem ble a paraphrase. For my part, I confess that I have found too much science i❑ these Travels in the Equinoctial regions. I have often murmured in pelt° against the unmerciful savant who stopped me when I wished to hasten forward, and presented me with. a discussion when I expected a beautiful picture. I have really lost all patience with him, when following him into the steppes of New Anda lusia, dying of heat and thirst, and wishing to quicken my pace to find shelter from a scorching sun, I saw my natural philosopher plunge a ther mometer into the burning sand, - and wait with the most perfect indifference until `•er had reached its maximum. The barbarous man thought to console me by inforrtiug me that my annoyance was as high as fifty degrees and a fraction ! What mental ejaculations, and not of the most gentle kind, have I not addressed to him when, led by him near : the raudale,y of the Oronoco, he compelled me to breathe an atmos phere infested by countless myriads of muskitos, jejen, zancudos, and tempraderys, and by all the race of gnats, and aerial tipuli and vampires ! Who can describe my despair 'when the savant who could not breathe without swallowing hun- dreds of these winged monsters, who had his nose, his eyes, and hands assailo by thousands of bites and stings, thought proper to calculate that a cubic foot of air coutailibd a million of these children of Beizebub, and the same time, that a cubic foot consisted of two.million nine hundred and eighty-five : thousand nine hun-, dred and eighty-four cubic lines ! I felt, I confess, a malicious joy when this hero of science, wishing tO arrange his instrunients for an observation, was so teased by the dipterous phalanx, that he never could adjust his astronomical apparatus, and was forced to abandon the field of battle. I have ha'd a hundred times occasion to renew the same complaints, and cause for exclaiming : Science chokes me! This is, it appears to me, • lie frank expression of the sensations which agi ated me when I was reading this long narrative of a long journey ; which, 'nevertheless, by an unaccountable charm, forced me to redouble my attention, and 'attached me to its perusal by an interest paramount to my impatience. I soon satisfied my mind relative to the apparent con tradiction of these two opposite impressions which I received from the same cause. When I saw the author arrive at Angostura, recovered from the fatigue of his long periplus, and relieved from the anxiety occasioned by the serious ill ness of IVI. Bonpland, I took a review of all the objects which M. de Humboldt had made me see, all the observations he had communicated, and all the information he had given. On each of these points, I asked myself, whether I would consent to make a sacrifice of them ; and I en deavoured to determine from what part of this narrative it might be advisable to make curtail ments. My embarrassment was extreme ; I for got the stings of the zancudos, the heats of the torrid zone ; I congratulated myself on the knowledge I had acquired, and I ranged myself under the banners of M. de Humboldt against all the profane who wished to mutilate his work. Let us confegs honestly, whether we could re quire such a man as M. de Humboldt to travel like a young Englishman who makes his tour, or like that Frenchman who, travelling over Egypt, roves around its harems, to pick up the subject of a gallant anecdote? Is not this didac.; tic abundance, which terrified my ignorance, the essential and indispensible part of these Travels into the Equinoctial Regions of America ? The author was expected to present to us a multitude of results which are different from all our pre vious habits and ideas; he must shock, or at least frequently confute our opinions, our pre possessions, and our prejudices ; and if he had merely recited facts stripped of all their deve lopements, explanations, and proofs, we must frankly admit that, in spite of our esteem for his character and our admiration of his vast ac quirements, we should not have given credit to his verbal statements. There is always something hostile in the attention of even the most good natured reader ; we only yield the victory when we are completely captivated or subdued. It was, therefore, incumbent on M. de Humboldt to make use of all his means of producing con viction ; asid I now acknowledge that you can not abridge his demonstrations, without dimin ishing, in an equal ratio, the confidence inspired by his recital. There is yet another consideration still more conclusive. Suppose a whole institute were to set out on a-journey, travel over the immense American Continent, and give collectively to the public the result of their observations in all kinds of science, should we be shocked to see the as tronomer ascertain longitudes by the observation of celestial phenomena; the botanist describe new plants and class them in families, orders, genera, species, and varieties : the chytnist busy himself with experiments and analyses ; or the geologist point out the nature of rocks and the direction of strata ? Should we deprive the na tural philosopher of his indispensable companions, the barometer, the thermometer, hygrometer, anemometer, photometer, and cyanometer ? and would the geographer, the politician, and the anthropologist be condemned to silence ? No, doubtless no ; we should complain, on the con trary, if a single science were neglected, and left a blank in so important a work. Well ! since M. de Humboldt unites all these acquire ments to the science of the anatomist, the zoolo gist, and the physician, which I omitted in my nomenclature ; since this traveller is, properly speaking, an ambulatory institute, why should he be reproached for doing that which we should regard as an indispensable duty from a great many observers ? and why should he be denied the right of considering every object in all its va rious bearings, and the. privilege of presenting all their appearances and relations in a synoptic table ? In the course of his navigation of five hundred leagues on•different rivers, to prove the commu nication between the Amazon and the Oronoco, a multitude of objects worthy the meditation of a philosopher came under his consideration, which he could not neglect. On his arrival at the ra pids of the Oronoco he was informed that fevers, particularly fatal to Europeans ) attack, during a OFFICE OF -ORDNANCE, Sept.-14, 1821. TUE PRINCIPAL—OFFICEIIS of his MA JESTY'S ORDNANCE do hi)-eby give Notice, tho Prop,,f,;i s Will be received at their Ogee; in Pall-Mall, cr infcre the 24th day of September inst.fi'om such Persons a " to willing to undertake the Supply of BREAD, and VLOUR, for service of the Company of Gentkneen Cadets,' at Woolwich, for a period of Three Months. T he Bread and Flour, to be of the best Sort and Quality I 1 4e B'''ead to to of the best Household, and according to a fatter:: Loaf, which fluty be inspected at the Cadet's Bar 'gas) at Woolwich. .Farther Partic u l ars, together' with the Terms and 'con -4ti°l's of the Contract, - ;nay be known at the Secretary's 911 `e'') in Pull -Nall aforesaid, any day between the Hou..s of Tea and Four c' Clock, where the Proposals must be delivered) "42! " 1 ' 1 7 3 ) and endorsed ‘i Proposals for Bread and Floor," at: t;'' "se may be; b u t no Proposals can be admitted after '‘e. said 24th September, at Twelve o'Clock at Nostz of the par--y 1 n either Will any Tender &c ,:toticed, unless the Du74a king it, or an 4gent in his tch4f,' shall attend. By Order Ville Board, B. H. CREW, Secretary. OBsEi tt . ATIONS on the ESTABLISHMENT of STEAM 4 BO ATs betw een BRIGHTON and DIEPPE. THE numerous advantages which have ap and the wherever Steam-Boats have been established, et.ri ne great i mportance which they are, to the pu bli c, g i ve oi i „,, al , nt Y of succ ess , w h en t h e y are employed at any port her passage -boots or coasting- vet sels are required. th e t N ee st eam -vessels hare traversed stormy seas, during all poiai:4"'tri Dublin, ar id Glasgow and Belfast, Holyhead, Liver- Proi •"' tiblin, arid f rom A m e r i c a t o St. Petersburgh, the „ which ex i ste d against t h em h as . completely sunk maven to rise a ga i n " It must appear evident, that to en - Ilea re ,,•P"lley and in th e shortest passage from London to Paris, by the route. and time, wilt hold out that ti Ol:vcement which travellers are - a lw ays seeking, and which it w ill avail themselves of. iniz i c he present moineut, the average time occupied in mak twa j a" from London, via Dover; in a sailing packet. is th at and a ni g h t , or 36 bouts. It. must be recollected cert ts th e favourite passage on account of the greater nwesalafty.there i s tin the - 5 „, -- on no other, for it is 20 • Vita li u lther from L on d on an d 90 front Paris (in all 110), it j o urney an d passage via D i eppe . r int year 1 817, 74,550 persons passed from England to 111 ..erC h;ss been n o official account kept since that 116 r Is ther e an y accivul'of the number of persons to t , " Lne into England ; b u t computing it at less than those Kent to France, there will . he 140,000 going to and re t it rai n , ; t " gat year. The passage into France front Brighton, much frequented, is still (from the uncertainty of ,ther) li a bl e to so much loss of time, that none but ti a ‘rae,'kleirai :who are moving for pleasure only, ever think of Zng It their route to the Coutinent but few of those i o•st to take the risk of all the miserable-shifts which they i i,: n ce ,"arily Must sake in a 'sailing packet crowded with pas kers, and iteithre room nor colivenience. th es tablishing Steam-boats between Brighton and D ie pp e, sj i . e i ( l i ) ,! r ney a pae from Loudon thither might bmilee i- in 16 hours. The traveller would then be 110 ll s -va r er arc arts than by any other route, and might then reach Ad p metrolis in ten or twelve hours. This is the e t a; nt aXe which would make Brighton the principal port for it • Id benefit much as Dover has done; 4nd_would a town, it possesses many more attractions to the -tavener. it :re l'atronaga.of the French Government would wholly be i a ;', ° ,7 l '; on the establishment. They have been for years anxa riigitt,°, r eseeetahle and speedy transit by Dieppe v t i Patronii l L ""tion; and therecan be no doubt but it will me becorn, "1 . 1 1 true own Government, immediately its merits evident ea. • would be taken to prevent -..otif., 4 li tiz . • ....neciutts means There '. Liana are now fire steam- boats constantly plying between °II arid Ma rgate, which carry down on an average 4, 000 :ene,'ers tu er Water excursion, per Week, who take Ilse voyae for the enjoinent the time being certain ; and pe y rhaps tif i;: e are not 50 out of th e 4,000 who would ever have thought It t , nw ing to M argate, were it not for th i s mo d s o f conve y an ce. ta t i ng bow much novelty attracts, it is fair to suppose that di et would visit Brighton, to be landed in France , where t o fo r ' ni ght remain twenty-four hours, and be back in London r " days to a certainty. aurafollowing estimate is made of the expense of fitting . worLing one boat by steam between this place and cif3 P k ; it. is intended to start with two, and let it be observ unlber of passengers calculated on is only 180 in the 'Wlin'ubeer t r i n l ' ne is tajnntotbt object. `e is 2,800 per week, with all of bie, Steam Packet, properly adapted for the Brighton and ti, et l i P! station, will require to be from 150 to 180 tons bur p, "fled up in a complete mariner with all requisites, and 7,o7 o e i t . le ,t d , W , l . th two engines of 40 horse power each, will cost All ow . "mg. Lug this vessel to make three trips to sel'Pe and b ac k , per wee k , an d on an average 7 1u ),' 3 0 passe ngers over, an d t h e same num j,t„,r "di; ISO passen gers a w ee k ; 1 month, 3 ,• , '; and fur six months 430 passengers, at .. twffi .......................... £6 ic e ,804 0 0 g the si x , x i . nter . aud . spring months, say ti a week, w i t h 20 passenger s over , an d ie same number back, is 80 passengers a "I's 320 per month, or 1, 1 420 in six months, at 31 . 3,024 0 0 9,820 0 0 vptraces, in which are included NO, wages, ad '" • ,114 dues, packet o ffi ce, agents, boatmen, ton e us, and every other incidental charge 5,640 0 0 3,188 0 3 700' 0 0 lear and wear, 10 per cent., on 7,000' a nett income per annum on 7,000 0f..43,483 0 0 l a th OR FIFTY PER CENT. e 'Qur„ a '°re statement, no outgoing" has been omitted ,, , a an e d c arriag es - ° I Profit has been estimated, such as extra ba b . , On the , h orses, &c, which is - considerable, and must attend i "Ter a n d ta blishment. A boat might run four times per wee taleul a 7 ba ck ; but this also has been reduced, to make the trip - " ° n Plain and reasonab:e ; and allowing her only two met : P i e e r Week in th e summer an d one in the winter, she will " ar more than iS per cent. pi tta ' s out merely the income of a large interest, for the ca will f w i i :leh will be employed, but the great advantages which le ° ,"tes when. Brighton becomes the resort of ail travel aurd tothe Continent, which should be contemplated; farads tP strange it was never made a matter of co.nsi -1,4 before, for the inhabitants are fully able to raise a are a of ten times the amount, if wanted. When the profits Thr ed at, Mei e needs no spur for the undertaking. 1:1 establishment of Steam Packets seems so intimately a u n n _ ee ted with another necessary improvement, that it glees °epportunity of recordmending the erection of a Chain Pier Ne 1 4t ain Brown's plan, sidtilar to the one stow completed at w '' ae en, near Edinburgh. They have received the un 911alified approbation of Mr: Rennie, and other eminent en tinve:ts, and are proof against any gale of wind. Soundings tag already b een made here for that purpose . Th e adran stes att ending this imp rovemen t are : incalculable, and the trZ.l Boats alone c ou ld afford to pay 5 per cent. on the otolnt 1 required t o erect one . It wou ld permit vessels to ad their cargoes without grounding; give all persons, who dry N partial to boat sailing, an opportunity to land and go off riti;• r a thetS, and vessels of all sorts, might conic alongs:de a lgl , or low water, which would avoid the Most disagreed veess nd dangerous part . now attending the going on board a l'isit e r ! in the sifting. It would be a most delightful walk for rs , and lead to the establishment of passage-boats to t he 'vest f Wi ght' Southampton, Lytnington, and the whole south c°act of Subs England. Subscriptions to each undertaking will be received at the s a e t e t e . I•l34nlts, and B r i g h ton G azette Offi ce , Brighton ; anti Jones,lyd, a 1O ParZe'ularsi; may nd Co. Bankers, London, where full be teen. great part of the year, the inhabitants on the banks of this river. - The•missionaries and natives ascribe these endemic fevers to the naked rocks which TorM the cataracts. That rocks of granite should engender fever is quite a novel idea, and rather a • strange one; .yet M. de Ihimboldt thought it worth art , \ inquiry and examination. — He remarked, in fact, that these rocks are uni formly covered with a coat of black plaistc,. • , smooth, and apparently a metallic substance; and - that the colouring matter. is entirely on the sur face of the stone, and does not soak through it ; it cannot be owing to the nature of the rock, for granite being composed of heterogeneous parts, the black coating would be thicker on certain parts of the stone than on others, whereas it is, on the contrary, uniformly spread over it. l t is, therefore, a decomposition of the water, which leaves on the rock an oxide of iron and manga nese. Our traveller recollected, that at the ca- taracts of the Nile, in Nubia, and at those of the Zaire, in Congo, the same observation was made. The circumstance of a high temperature, and of a tumultuous movement of the waters against a cataract, seems therefore necessary to the forma tion of this coating, which gives to all rocks the as pect of meteoric stones. To what degree can this black varnish affect the purity of the air ? To what'degree does it influence the health of the inhabitants ? It is evident that these are not idle questions; and perhaps they will become impor tant in endiometry, a science still very obscure and very uncertain. I• have before mentioned the muskitos and gnats, and it may be thought in rather a jocose strain ; but, if these little animals are unremitting tormentors of the human race, if they are an ob stacle to population, if they prevent the Indians from congregating in the Missions, and if they cause villages to be deserted, they then bec - ome objects of serious consideration; besides, why are these little and formidable flies to he found in my riads on the waters of one river, whilst very few are to be seen on others? Why does one family of these vampires prefer black waters, and ano ther white waters ? for these two colours distin guish the rivers of America, and the black, brown, or white tint is not solely owing to a greater or less depth, a greater or less clearness, or to the nature of the plants which grow on its banks. This is another question which a scientific tra veller ought to endeavour to resolve? We are too much accustomed to attribute importance only to great things, but the most diminutive bodies exercise an enormous and deplorable in fluence. What shall we think when we are told that insects much smaller than gnats, and almost microscopic, destroy with alarming rapidity skins, papers, and books ; and that in the vast regions where these little animals reign like despots, no monument of the sciences or literature can exist longer than a few years ? What an obstacle to perfectibility ! the age of science and know ledge will never arrive for the Independents, who shall build a new Tyre and a new Carthage on the banks of the Oronoco and the Guaviari ! and it is a mite, an atom, which will retain this people of heroes in a perpetual middle age! the .elephant and rhinoceros do not possess this power. Another observation fills a tolerable number of pages in this volume, and will no doubt form the subject of another complaint. Our traveller has observed with astonishment, that the noise of the cataracts was thrice more intense during the night, than in all the time the sun was above the horizon. At London and Paris, this would be a very natural effect; but in a 'desert where silence and the trifling noise caused by the mo tion of the leaves, and by nocturnal and diurnal animals are always the same, why is the noise of the cataracts so different ? Must we seek the cause of this phenomenon in the difference of the density of the air, in the motion given to the atmosphere by the heat of the sun, in the aeri form fluids which during the day mingle with the atmospheric mass, and deaden or dissipate the sonorous particles ? This discussion, prose cuted with uncommon ability, may perhaps ap.. pear long, and I am going to make it still loni s er, Lecause it seems to me that M. de Humboldt very improperly admitted only physical causes into his calculation: A moral cause, and a very evident one, must influence this increase .of the intensity of sound. When darkness deprives us of sight, our other senses acquire increased powers, and make amends for the want of that which is thus rendered useless ; the sense of hearing is on the alert, our attention redoubles, and we perceive the slightest modifications of the most feeble noises ; the soand seems magnified because we make use, as it were, only of an auri cular microscope ; in short we hear during the day, but we listen during the night ; and the dif ferent actions denoted by these two verbs ac counts in a certain degree for an apparent 'dif ference in the perception of sounds at the two periods of time. M. de Humboldt is not always absorbed in natural philosophy : the descriptions he gives us' are frequently savage panoramas, bUt picturesque and novel. Here, from the summit of a height, he makes me contemplate this large 'river which surmounts every obstacle, these torrents of sil very vapours which float above those numberless black rocks, subdued by the Oronoco, and these gigantic palms, the tops of which rise above the rocks and the mists. A little farther he chews me a jaguar, the rival of the tiger in fero city, who has just frisked into a field where two children are lying on the grass ; he conies close to them, by taking a few leaps which have no thing terrifying in them ; he gives a few pats of the paw to one of the children, and he runs away, continuing his gambols, as soon as the little girl, armed with a branch of a tree, has punished him \. .' ~~ VitttO Jjl7(l PRICE SEVENPE.NCE. for his familiarity, We cannot but conclude ) from this fact, that the jaguar is a very gentle animal when he is not hungry. . • I do not mean to embark in the discusSion. • whether America arose . out of the bosom of the waters later than the old continent; nor shall I ask the meaning of those symbolical figures cut out on rocks which belong to another race of men, and prove a more advanced state of civili zation ; or why the antient vases which we find in countries far distant from each other should represent ornaments of the same kind, and in variably the same designs? You must ask these questions of M. de Humboldt. He wilt not answer the whole of them; but he will satis fy "you on several, and give respecting others very ingenious probabilities. Do you wish to be acquainted with the indi genous natives, a few hordes of whom are scat ; tered over these vast-solitudes, those good sava ges whose virtu - es and happiness are trumpeted forth by romancers ? The following anecdote will. describe them better than a hundred fantastic pictures : Indian Chief had a harem which contained a great many women, and where he amused himself with eating,in succession the most beautiful and the fattest, A Missionary, a great - apologist of the savages, to whom this well, esta blished fact was mentioned, replied with charm ing ingenuousness :—" It is a bad habit of these people, in other respects so good and so amiable." —lt is not the want of food ) it is not only, the hatred against a hostile tribe which pen:" petuates anthropophagism among the Indians, so amiable and so good, for M. de Humboldt has discovered another cause which may have given rise to this barbarous custom, or at least diminish the horror of it. These Indians hunt moukeys, the flesh of which is, in their opinion, excellent eating,. and they roast them whole. Now, a roasted monkey bears a perfect and hideous re semblance to a child : the habit of devouring limbs which have the human form may, by a sad analogy, have given birth to the taste of devour ing men ; and this conjecture seems very proba. ble, since we observe that people in general, and savages more particularly, are naturally prone to regard other nations as •I}elonging to inferior species, and approaching nearer to brutes. Our litnits will not allow rno to bestow a few lines on each of the objects, equally new as they are interesting, contained in this fourth volumes I shall therefore only notice the principal, such as the curare, a mortal poison . of which there are numerous manufactories in these countries, and which is an article of the first necessity among, these inhabitants; and also the notions generally ent►er'tained by the American tribes, respecting a great deluge which drowned the human race ex cepting one man and one woman, who re-peopled the earth by throwing behind them the fruit of a palm tree. How can we account for the fable of 'Deucalion being common on the banks of the Oronoco I shall be equally laconic with the de scription of Angostura, which, since the visit - of M. de Humboldt, has become the metropolis, or at least the Emporium of the Bolivarian Empire nor will I describe, with all its lamentable cir cumstances, the spectacle -of a crocodile that seized an unfortunate Indian on the bank of the river, plunged into the water to suffocate hint, and afterwards devoured him at his ease on one of the rocks of this river, in sight of a crowd of spectators who had it not in their power to attack it, or rescue its victim. Scenes of this kind are not uncommon in this land of liberty. Do what. we will, we are never independent. We. retire into a desert to escape from the authority of men, and we are compelled to yield to the supre-- . macy of the jaguar and the crocodile. • I will not afflict my readers by treating on the cofiqu'ete des ames and the chasse aux hommes, but refer them to the work for an explanation of these sinister words. I point out to their hotiee with more pleasure some curious details respect ing the famouS El Dorado, which has been so long sought for, and which has. formed the sub. ject of so many romantic relations. On Monday last the annual election of Mayor and Bailiffs of this city took place at the Town Hall, when Alderman Sir EDWARD IIITeIIINGS, was elected Mayor, and Mr. TnomAs JONES and Mr. JOHN EVETTS, Bailiffs, for 'the year ensuing, This IS the THIRD MAYORALTY of Sir Edwar Ilitchings, to which office he was each time chosen by the .voluntary voice of his fellow citizens. The urbanity and benevolence of this Gentleman have ever endeared him to all classes of the Freemen, and from the commencement of his civic career in 1780, when he was elected. Common Councilman, to the present time, he never was proposed as a candidate for an office without being elected, and never elected Without afterwards discharging the duties of the situation, in a manner highly ,satisfactory to the Freemen and the Inhabitants of Oxford. This short ar title cannot be concluded in, more appropriate words than those used by our late worthy, ye - t eccentric, Lecturer Dr. Finch, in a sermon fore the Corporation—" There may be as good a. Mayor, but there cannot be a better."—(Oxford University and City Herald.) A new bridge is to be erected across the riby Liffey, from the new road leading to the Royal Hospital of Dublin to the opposite side, nearly fronting to the entrance to the Phcenix Park,. which is to be called the King's Bridge. The new District Church at Kingswood, which is the first erected under the provisions of the 58th and 50th of George the Third, was conse cratea a few days ago, by the Bishop of Glou cester. It is calculated to accommodate 2000 persons.