The Sun. — London, England, 1845-11-15 00:00:00

_.....,---' gAl f : last wee— 4, laws °f 8 44, that e 1 8 t h 4 Ituati °ll :i n terid frank' is very letelY the head le villa the ge t of eof the t „ other If the) o eolotge to Polish lead " r kable ni rn a shoul d • to ' be P " Settling o gpeat °f the Off Ist cif trlv sb ° ‘,.. to tO of 3" t ; . o pecL b to s anent`' T r i ' : u S li ‘ cve ; s of Apt° ~1l be 116 [Jl°5l )f rd ; i ,dre it , t ie ',PK he t ot ofi v ee o e 7:000, _ RAILWAY INTELLIGENCE. BRISTOL AND EXETER. Thersd ea 3h aY a meeting of proprietors in the above company 8 , held at Bristol, fur the purpose of considering what ip!a eile,s should he adopted in conseauence of the recent decision e ',:he late general meeting not to sell the line to the Great tee s t ter ii. C2 .. °l4 Paty,v, in accordance with the provi_sion_al one, of r rue Directors of bvingoth companies. Mr. Stone, of been called to the chair, d e ,,d e TRIPP rtse, and in a long and eloquent speech d the merits of the Bristol and Exeter line, and !lie_e, cent., entirely inadequate toits value "ea ha w • 1 the Great Western Company for the pur chase of the line. The period had arrived when they est either sell their line or work it independently, and co g as said th at they could not do the latter ; but there I , e ' o ' I not be a greater mistake, except that which led some the to believe that they were entirely dependent upon ihetr Great Western, as if their whole traffic depended upon connexion with London. Bat it should be recollected se re 'tfhthey.acted independently, they would not only en but al 0 friendthip of their Great Northern neighbours, e c ,„,also of the intelligent South-Western Company, who t ri ",'d act with the Bristol •and Exeter Company if the h it and Exeter would act with them, but who were too jr:' l ,tgent to lend themselves to the advancement of Great a43`ern interests. They were then told that if they did assent to the terms offered by the Great Western they old h tb at have a direct line. He could assure them, however, mate far from being opposed to a direct line they would ad 'e properly formed, and which would not be prsiu- Lio to their interests. There was another consideration, t h I was, whether they should lease their line-he thought h e did so they were lost for ever. As an instance of this 7,°.alti cite the case of the Hull and Selby, the property b ad t Tell had never increased in value since the lease, nor ue shares gone up ; but it had been said that 5 per cent. r ET l a god return fur their money. They should, however, icelhieeet, that Persons did not embark theft- capital in railways Net • • a " of 5 per cent., but for au increasing revenue to knit increasing expenses. If a man went into Consols he hi s , t hat he only would receive a certain . per tentage for Aft a leY ; his revenue would never increase, while his ca that 'Light ; but i n ra il ways such was the development of traffic that .'n'th his revenue and his capital might increase, so tgnt ,In the end, i nstead of leaving his children 20,000/., he wonti , be abl e to leave them 40,0001. Though he thought it tior i 'e, hi ghly impolitic to l ease th e i r line, an amalp.mma tare " . 9 111 d be a no th er question ; but then they should take i o with whom they amalgamated,and that they were not vor t oo , lee an apparent dividend. People in London were e a : lB e to be deluded by the mere show of a dividend, for a We_lnight say, if you will lend me 1001. I will pay you 50 44; 1 ,1., but the party to whom the offer was made would Lae f a nY saY, show me the position of my 100/. made been been made to the cheapness by which their In ade 'nen constructed, but no allusion hadlitherto been tv , to the Political influence of the Bristol and Exeter Co n m- I - "Y. Th <IN th ey were all aware that in the south-west of Eg- % t h e ", greatest opposition was felt by numerous . companies tif Pa.,?reat Western projects, and that in the next sssion lep o ; t l anient that Company would meet• with much greater tha t t ,'', l ° ll than they expected. New it should be recollected othe 901ith.7 Bristol and Exeter Company . held the key m f ovc.d th e 1, )11 "1. er some further observations Mr. Tripp ,„awing resolution :- Pait;Liat, reviewing the history of the Bristol and Exeter the t f a ,,Y , and the proceedings of its directorate; looking a Ni a ",',that the Great Western Railway Company . has been 10114" Y extending its branches to the prejudice of the "t' g ~„ a ,,nd Exeter Railway Company, and taking possession ~t,orti'"aa which ought to have been occupied by the latter t itet4 s an :r , and this without opposition on the part of the De !ilk' ofhr that Company, and without any extension y Di ahem nes from their railway; looking also atthe I taill s :• v e terms of the lease of the Bristol and Exeter . taihn-Y, granted to the Great Western Railway Company of lad paVo mind, too. the fact that in the draught of the Act pL aa tent, s u b m i tted to the P ropr i etors o f the Bristol ileeter ti had R ailway, at their meeting in last, avea4; a been introduced, the effect of which was . to 1 : 43 ' C f , ti ght of pre-emion to the Great 'Western Rail eset,. -nlPanv, and looking, lastly, at the terms of the late ate:anal aeieement ' - rejected by the almost unani -414 `e of a very la 'g s e o and influential meeting of the share this geerBbt the Bristol r and a Fxeter Railway on the 7th inst., 11 , 4 cannot but consider ' the close connexion`which h• itherto between the Directors of the two Corh -It,ay e' o and the toempyment by the Bristol and Exeter Rail- Is 4ll) any of th engineer and other officers as the 'teas 'Te3tern • e ke the ßailwa a yCoppany, to have given an undue C. t o side, and in favour of the latter Company, re :tin ' aV e been highly detrimental to the interests ofthe 44 ) a n.C l that this meeting now contemplati i n t g to t e bepab -I'llltltel3,4!tion of the two companies, and deeming h tla tol " s ential, whether it be ultimately determined by the odet7cnnt all(l Exeter Compan to sell or to work on its own its the in order 3 that'the interests of the Share ts in that r • gealt _ • thea be freely and justly considered • an,,, with, that r Directors should be in a position kle4ll,tle"4e o f the with and free from the control, counsels, and t ilpa n , e the D irectors o f t h e G rea t W es t ern R a il wa y 4 . and thei r o ffi cers as poss ibl e , an d s h ou ld h av e 7 at staff of fficers of their own, do most respect niZttllynest the Dire a ctors of the Bristol . and Exeter Railway any forthwith to dismiss from their . councils all officers i s ki eea „P connected with, or interested in, or under the in -1);1i the the Great Western Railway Company, and to call ' a gineer of the Bristol and Exeter Railway Com i;it4triiate;tshteacti Mr : Stephenson or Mr. Locke, or some other ao edt ate , eminent engineer, and to request such engineer Vos i i hte lY , to survey their railway,. and to report as early meeting of the e it g e r elioi der l , o a general, or s tak,, uPon its present pa c c On al di d g e o a n e a ra nd traffic, and fa vi Ir t ,'Ls, and whether any, an what steps should be - 1 „, 1 e Directors for the advancement or protection of ° t rain tote e - Xi of the Company, either by forming branches or e, ° ••',!tler,,`" Pro'ect of other companies in Parliament ;. or bn a s ' as he j may s deem expedient.-That a deputation, Agir°.fthe following gentlemen viz., Mr. Stone, Mr. tbe Buckley, and Mr. Lucas, ' be requested to wait a „ , !rectors of the Bristol and Exeter Railway Com.. 84(1 1 1, 1 1s .•,,sinai.!,l.iefore them the foregoing resolution." te Ne t t b_ation having been seconded, g .e the meeting was he 11638eyeral gentlemen. t course of the clis t'a7e: t hat tr n '• who had been a n Director, observed that .ee e .e Directors of the Bristol and . Exeter Corn . Eta 0 acting under Great Western influence. When soee n th e . te ti so bo Directory he had opposed the lease, and had t aated t neatly, but because he had done so it had been fro . him that he must retire from the. intimation r 4 thp i ll health when he received this intima thei; -. . ‘ahl•Rhed teher e .ary. Still his blood . boiled, and if he had Di Neto _ Acts then in his possession . he felt ured that alt i l 4r, he tors must have gone out passive aa the 3, were.- vi e ,., ar ) He had been down the line yesterday, font'"l "of He the state of their traffic, and had 'e r , an s e q r ails if the traffic was increasin . g, and the um azoi ze igtv he had received was, that it was increasing 41)1 --ind eed fast was it increasing that they were Q:alta transact the business, and that the Great Wes tield at t l-t h anY did not give them trucks enough, or they 'he e -l s moment do half as much business again. tkiltieitt'aesolution was then put, and carried with two dis e,,,gsne„ as also were resolutions appointing &committee i\ t a or4 l 4 l 3 , l ,tPoses and to act with local committees, &c., aqs subscriptions. Arat ed. w ete then given to the Chairman, and the meeting it otic " ; W AYSITAR.E MARKETS, LIVERPOOL, Nov. 13. v.....--cnaNGE.-The sales are-British and Irish 4 1 4 7 ,Chester and Birkenhead, Half Shares, 24 1 4- „,,ewe, 5 1 4-Edinburgh and Perth, 5-Grand ' xu arter Shares, 47-London and Birmingham, aNkt,,e,a, 2- Manchester and Birmingham Continuation, ST 'laud, 137 -South-Eastern and Dover, 36. • Qte• t MANCHESTER, Nov. 13. ,"'CUANGP•-The sales are-Caledonian Exten -1,; and Lincoln, 81s. 6c1.-Dudley, Iron !Nair"' , oh rewsb g ury 2 3 Eastern Counties, 20%-East ea ate - r e ' els l / I ‘fsiow and Dumfries, 2%-Goole, W4y &c., 37 8 -Huddersfield and Manchester b7o*and b""' - 'anal, 8 3 / 4 c. n.-Leeds and Thirsk, 13-Lei /.0,1-oedford 11 5-16-London and Manchester (Rem.), , '"AfaC' n and York, 4%-Manchester and Birmingham, ehester and Southampton, 3 1 4-North Staffordshire, ,I : °,lt ,, h Qo l l, : e e s rh t e a r ni n ,pts 3 on 3 / 114, -Nottingham and Boston, 2 % - ti ' :akrur,a, Belvoir, d Grantham, 3%-Oxford, Wosces -1- Shefeld and Lincoln June hte,4 78171;v'neffieki and Manchester Quarters, No. 3, 6- 't as " 'P swea ttY, and Chester, 6-South-Eastern and tent Valley, 15%. a l),tl"%tie SHEFFIELD, Nov. 13. , a •othe - h? la tIGE.-The sales are-Midland, Sheffield, Sh r e - fe -m , , 35 -London and York, 4/. lls.-Man- Eree in - Zetd, and Midland Junction, 5/. 145.-Notting ht. e ft - it'd -4 ' , and Ambergate, 3-North Staffordshire, 5% ' 21 / 8 ire, 3 and Lincolnshire, %- Wakefield and Harro ns , ° elt BRISTOL, Nov. 13. "e,‘%..„A`iettaxGE.-The sales are-Bristol and Exeter, ' qettenbsidland, New, 18%-Northampton, Banbury, 41, 3- Wilts, Somerset, and Weymouth, 4%. \. - N4 k F.oc eti LEEDS, Nov. 13. a aela A-N QP--The sales are-London and Croydon, \t . , 1 1 ester and Leeds, • Shares, 10% p.-Midland, , Fifth Olt M and "us and Bradford, 42-Ditto, Extensions, 38 1 ,4 genltYsbury, 18 c. n.-North B . ritish New, 4% ?nth, 41 efraet, and Goole, 38-Wilts, Son% erset,. , and s ett I,.l,Adie Ice"--Liverpool, Ormskirk, and Preston,.4l4- lahan, 7 --Grand Union, 7s. p.-Lancashire and 1 4 ".,,eeds a ti lt d e V 4 a. P.-Leeds and Liverpool Direct, 2s. 6d. 0 3 4 0 ,`,_eeste r „ ot*, par-Leicester and Birmingham, 10s. t a nd an d Bedford, los. p.-Manchester, Buxton, o e.re,,,,ttes'ilidland, 3 pi -North-Western, 3% -Notting !4lll ea t m c i a nd Ambergate, 3-South Midlands, 3% o, er_ ar rogate, - .165. p.-York and Carlisle, 3/. 4s. Ezei:',ul-IDERSFIELD, Nov. 13. U e ; 4ll d U n n ,:c l E.-The sales are-London and York, ii ° „ 'l, l7ii - Huddersfield, Halifax, and .Brad -47"`-rtlglia,e, e ull and Holyhead, Bs.-Leicester t 6d. p.-North and - South Junction, 245. Orford, and Boston, 12s. 6d. p.-North Western, waterford, and Valentia, 174. IT0„11, txettA,_ HULL, Nov. 13. b?,164 4 , - Abe i .r l L - -The sales are-London and Brigh eA. sp-zritisb / Ten, 7 -Great Grimsby and Sheffield, 14- Shares, 3/. 18s. 6d.-Ditto, Dalkeith, ,N ,o _ ro ugh, &c., 11. 16s. 9d.-Derby and and lii rt • -- - 1 11111 and Barnsley Junction, 275. 6d.- oottinseam ngham Extension, 1%-London and York, ,io tklExeß E e YORK,lvoir, anNov.d Granthl3.am, 2%. q ta q ,w, es / (bt4,l °IL-The sales are-Eastern Counties, 20- Oleo 151 )- - Newcastle and Darlington, 56-Ditto 01 Ix ' /2--York and North Midland, Ex ,„!11 ett,4.eivcastle and Berwick, 12 3 4-North Bri- NR , lge anTsie. Branch, 3-London an. York, York, 4% NQgatti u Lincoln, 4 -Coventry, Nuneaton, Bir -I,tiQ;rki Itin,-! Leicester, 1 /a-Derby and Gainsborough, 13 / 4 stai r andit 1:4-GreatGrimsbv, Louth, &c., 38. P. - 6 Midland, 2%. 1)1 3• 42 k P - GLA4 i 4 , OW, Nov. 12. 1 4 11 ut nfoaand r , Re - The sales are-Airdrie and Bathgate, 73nliffries Junction 525. 6d.- British and atatstoa,lVottians•a-enciCarsle.donian, 9 % ' -Caledonian Extension, Direct Northern, 555.-East Lothian :etaast. Indian Railway, 475. 6d.-Edinburgh, 7,ti,7c•-(iles,„o"faurton, 22s -Forth and Clyde Junction, tieneral Terminus, 12-Glasgow and I gq Kilmarnock, and Ardrossan, 4!. 9s. fi a aerk aharton Harbour Mineral, 575. 6d.-Glasgow, Partick, ett h a a V Lo'th z ! ihnarnock and Ayr Direct, 4 1th ee C r . n ea-Perth and Inverness, 465.- rnan 'Nettios 4113,__5enr.3.-Scottisli Central, 15%-Scottish ~tish South Midland Juncton, 475. 6d. Cent ra l t ktb, r and and Caledonian Junction 445. 6(1.-Sla -110:::.....aelzial:ril\iab,axnrileoeirIttlit.,"ohr,nalsnbsad6,1557.3-iTut.hßirelGiiiiisgaleasnd DaruelfeArmbeli:dee,esn3;.67(l.l.-- ~ , Nov. 11. • -Agin, 2/. 6 5.-Airdrie and Bathgate, t. t gli and lid Forfar, 25/.-Ditto Half Shares,ls/. ' lo, ll 4st'Z n kie r. a na r oGrtrut, .2/. 12s. 6d.-Ayr and Dumfries, te '''eat ed -• l inty D o 10 s. -Banffshire, 2/. 153.- kialed 141 "?-' 34-rtish and Irish Union, 3/. ~ P t he , ° l ?ian 11.)8.-Caledonian Extension, 3/. 2s. Ettz t ,bie eet, umbarton, 3/. 93 . -Caledonian and li7. a tnwa rth us. 6d.--Cambridge and Lincoln, Si. 1 7s. 6 and Wes • t Linton, W.-Chelmsford and "Piesdide Junction, 2 01 .-Cornwall and THE SUN, LONDON SAT'URDAN" Devon 2/. 10s.-Deeside Railway, 6 1 . 2s. 6d.-Direct North ern, 21. 7s. 6d.-Dublin and Enniskillen, 5/.-Dundee and Arbroath, 36L-Ditto, New, 171.-Dundee and Perth, 81. 55.-East of Fife, 2/. 10s.-East Coast of Scotland, 25.- East Lothian Central, 34-Edinburgh and Bathgate, 41. ss. -Edinburgh and Glasgow, ex Dew, 701.-Ditto, Half Shares, 171.-Ditto, Quarters, 18L-Ditto, Ditto, New, 131.- Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dumbarton, 11.-Edinburgh and Leith Atmospheric, 2/. 155.-Edinburgh and Leith Atmos pheric Direct, 2/. 3s. 6d.-Edinburgh, Leith, and Granton, 24/. 10s.-Ditto, Preference, 191.-Edinburgh and Northern. 4/. 2s. 6d.-Ditto, Newport, 1/. 55.-Ditto, Lochgelly, 11. 155.-Edinburgh and Peebles, ex new, 21. 10s.-Edinburgh and Perth, 51. 55.-Edinburgh, Portobello, and Musselburgh, 21. Os. 6d.-Forth and Clyde Junction, 21. 17s. 6d..-Glas gow and Ayrshire, 724-Ditto, New Stock, 231.-Ditto, Quarter Shares, 21/. 12s. 6d.-Glasgow and Belfast Union, 3/. 4s. &1.-Glasgow, Dumfries, and Carlisle, 31.-Glasgow and Dundee Junction, 2/. 10s. 6d-Glasgow and Garnkirk, 451.-Glasgow and Greenock, 22/. 10s.-Ditto, New, 101. 15s. -Ditto, Preference, 2/. 55.-Glasgow Harbour Mineral, 3/. ls.-Glasgow, Strathaven, and Lesmahagow, 4/. 10s.-Gran ton Junction, 2/. 3s. 61-Great County Down, 31.-Great North of Scotland, 3/. 10s.-Great North and South Wales, 155.-Inverness and Elgin, 21.-Lanark and Lothians, 3/. 12s. 6d.-Larne and Ballymena, 2!. 25.-London and Houn slow. 24-London and Manchester (Rem.), 31. 58.-Lon don and Manchester (Itastrick), 51. 10s.-London and Wind sor, 11.-London and York, 51.-Midland and Eastern Counties, '2l. 17s. 6d.-Morayshire, 11.-Newry and Lon donderry, 2/. 10s.-North British, ex new, 221-Ditto, Halves, ex new, 51-Ditto, Fifths, 5!. 10s.-Ditto, Car - 9 lisles 2/. 17s. 6d.-North Wales Mineral, New, 5/. 1 0s.- Pertll and Crieff, 2/. 10s.-Perth and Inverness. 2/. 9s - Scottish Central, 15/. 10s.-Scottish Central and Caledonian Junction, 2/. 155.-Scottish Midland, 41. 10s.-Scottish North Western, 2'. 14a.-Scottish South Midland, 2/. 9s. 6d.- Scottish Western, 2/. 125.-Shrewsbury and Hereford, IL 7s. -Shrewsbury, Oswestry, and Chester, 61.-South Midland, 61. 155.-Stiriing and Dunfermline, 2/. 1 ls.-Stirling an-1 Midland, 30s. p.-Strathern Junction, 3/.105.-Surrey Grand Junction, 1/. 2s. 6d.-Tears and Dove Valley, 2/.-Tyne Valley, 31.-Wishaw and Coltness, 57/. DUBLIN, Nov. 12. &vet( EXCHANGE.-The sales are = Belfast and Bally mena, 6%-Cork and Youghal, 1 3 A -Dublin and Drogheda, 81-Great Southern and Western, 20 1 / A .-Great Southern, Clonmel to Thurles, 2-Midland Great Western, Extension to Sligo, 2-Irish Great Western, Dublin to Galway, 3 3 4- Irish North Midland, %-Killarney Junctions, 1 %-Water - lord and Limerick, 7 1 ,ti - -Waterford and Kilkenny, 3-Ditto, Extension to Carlow, %-Waterford, Wexford, and Dublin, 1%-Wexford, Waterford, and Valentin, 1 4. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. CITY, THURSDAY EVENING. POST.—The proceedings of the Bank Directors, at the weekly meeting held by them to-day, were of a purely passive character, so far as the rate of discount demanded by the Cor poration was concerned. The minimum of 3 per cent. re solved upon this day week was left undisturbed. As a con firmation of the fact noticed by us yesterday, that another advance was apprehended by many persons, we may now state that, immediately on its becoming known that no further action on the circulation of the country would be taken for the present, a considerable improvement was realised in the value of the Government securities. Consols were sold at the price of 964, nor would they, perhaps, have stopped at that limit, were it not for the inducement which the position of the Oregon affair is thought by the Bear party to present for the profitable sale of stock. As it was, the highest quotation of the day was not fully supported. TIMES.—The Committee of Spanish American Bond holders have sent the following communication, received by them, on the subject of the settlement of the Ecuador por tion of the Colombian debt:— " 17, Pall-mall, Nov. 4, 1845. " Sir,—l hive the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your note of the 25th ult., inquiring whether 1 have been instructed by the Government of Ecuador to make any fur ther proposals for the arrangement of the proportion of the Colombian loans attaching to that State. " In reply, I beg to inclose herewith a proposal for ar rangement such as my instructions warrant me to make, and I shall avail myself of the occasion to offer a few remarks thereupon. " The annual revenue of Ecuador is insufficient, and has been so for some years, to cover the ordinary expenses of Government, for which reason the public servants receive but half their salaries. " This condition must remain stationary so long as an in— dustrious population be wanting; for although the number of inhabitants in Ecuador is nearly equal to that of Venezuela, a great proportion of the populatioe is composed of Indians, non•consumers, whose principle aliment is ground corn, and whose clothing consists of a coarse rug. " For the punctual payment of the — l per cent. per annum on the Active Debt, the Government, through the Legislative Chambers, will provide the sum required by a tax on the ex portation of cocoa from the province of Guayaquil. I can positively assert that this payment will be efficiently secured. To offer anything more would be to hold out expectations which could not be realized, and this the Government is most anxious to avoid. " I feel well assured from my personal knowledge of the capabilities of the country, that an industrious emigration would in a few years not only enrich themselves, but also enable the Government to pay with ease the engagoments contained in the present proposal. There is no climate on earth better suited for Europeans than that of Ecuador. " Should the bondholders be disposed to form a coloniza tion company, lam ready to furnish them with every par ticular necessary with regard to the lands. I shall mention here that every species of protection will be guaranteed to the colonists, whose implements and articles of whatever denomination, imported for objects of agriculture, together with merchandise for their own consumption, will be ad mitted free of customs' duties for ten years. . . "The lands will be sold to the holders of bonds at the rate of 10s. per acre on the coast and rivers, and 6s. per acre in the interior.—l have the honour, &c., " R. WRIGHT." G. R. Robinson, Esq., Chairman of the Committee of South American Bondholders." " 1. The Republic of Ecuador i ecognises 21 4 per cent. of the loans contracted for Colombia in the years 1822 and 1824, and will issue bonds for the amount. 2. Separate bonds will be issued at par to an amount equal to the capital of the Active Debt, for interest, &c. "3. Ecuador offers, as an arrangement with the bond holders, to pay 1 per cent. interest annually for the future on the Active Debt ; this payment to commence the 30th of June, 1847. " 4. Ecuador cannot offer any increase of interest in cash payments. "5. The amount of capitalised interest due according to the 2d article will be payable in lands and all public pro perty allotted to this object. No interest can be offered now on this portion of the debt. "6. Ecuador, desirous of proving its willingness to fulfil its engagemeots, and to avoid offering anything but that which could be punctually performed, proposes— " 7. That the bondholders should form, or promote the formation of, a company of colonization. Should such com pany be formed, the Government of Ecuador binds itself to pay an additional 1 per cent. per annum on the Active Debt for every 5,000 colonists sent to the country by such com pany, until the interest arrive at 6 per cent. "8. The holders of bonds of the capitalized interest due as mentioned in article 2, alter lands shall have been pm , chased sufficient for 25,000 colonists, will be entitled to one half per cent. per annum on the remainder, this payment to commence two years after that number of colonists shall have been sent to Ecuador, and to increase one-half per cent. per annum every four years following, until it arrives at 3 per cent., the maximum of interest which can be allowed on these bones. "17, Pall-mall, Nov. 4, 1845. "R.. WRIGHT." Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co., give their authority for stating, in reference to the assertion in a letter published in the Times of this morning, signed " One Well Acquainted with the River Plate," that Governor Roses bad only con sented to send 3001. towards the payment of the interest on the foreign debt of Buenos Ayress ; that they are now in posies sion of above 15,0001., remitted since May, 1844, for account of the Buenos Ayres Bondholder ; that in the month of May, 1844, the satisfaction of the claims of the French on the Buenos Ayres Government was completed ; and, in conse quence of the representations of M. de Falconnet, who had been specially sent by Messrs. Baring, Brothers, and Co., to negotiate with the Government on behalf of the foreign cre ditors, the monthly payment of 5,000 dollars, which had pre viously been applied to the liquidation of the French claims, was transferred by Governor Rosas (as the only surplus then at his command), which transfer was subsequently approved by the Legislature, to a fuud for the benefit of the foreign bondholders ; and that this monthly payment has been re gularly made up to August last. The September payment, according to the latest accounts, was about to be remitted. The annexed letter, describing a case undoutedly belong ing to a large class, is entitled to insertion as a better lesson than any general warning could give on the consequence of heedlessly embarking in railway projects. We purposely omit the name of the company adverted to : " About six weeks ago I received a letter of allotment in the posit, amounting to 105/. Some days after, I was conversing with one of the directors of this company, when I questioned him as to whether the whole of the deposits were paid up, or not. Yes,' he replied, 'the deposits upon those shares alloted to the public (about one-third of the whole) have all been paid, but we (the directors) do not now intend to take up, or pay upon, a single share." Why not?' What's the use,' he said; the shares are at a discount, and we shall get nothing by so doing.' And what is to be done with tho money already paid up ?"Why, pay the whole (and something more) expenses out of it, and return the remainder.' Now, it does appear to me mon strous thatthe exorbitant sums paidto engineers and lawyers, for advertising, and fiftyother things, should devolve solely upon a mere handful of out-door scripholders. I have since un derstood that not a yard of the ground has been surveyed, neither was it ever their intention for it to be, nor yet to bring the scheme before Parliament. This being a bubble to all intents and purposes, the sooner the deposits are re turned the better. To delay doing so from time to time, and incurring additional expenses unnecessarily, is absolutely dishonest." It has long been distinctly foreseen in London, that the provincial stock-markets in Liverpool, Manchester, Leeds, Bristol, and other places, must prove a source of consider • able embarrassment at some time or other to this market, and that prediction is now in a course of fulfilment. A Stock Exchange, such as that - now existing in the City maybe pro nounced a necessary appendage to a great commercial metropolis, and it has constantly been of great use even to the mere mercantile interest, in facilitating the instant con version to any amount of public securities into money, and producing public securities, on the other hand, for the invest ment of money; while to bankers and capitalists the access to the jobbers who belong to it has been of a still more im portant character. But the London Stock Exchange, while it facilitated real: business, has also promoted gambling, and so far has become a great, though not an unmixed evil. In the great provincial towns these marts for trafficking in stocks and shares were not at all called for, as real business could be transacted through any local banker with little delay, and on as good terms as in London. Hence they soon degenerated into mere gambling, and were principally instrumental in fomenting all over the country the fatal passion for speculating in railways. The evil has thus spread to a far greater extent than it could otherwise have done. When prices continued to raise in London, all went well with them ; but the late reverses have to tally paralysed them, and proved them to be destitute of all real resources This some of the London brokers have foand to their cost ; for„ having undertaken to do business in time-bargains for their provincial brethren, who found themselves " hard up" in their own localities, they were, as might be anticipated, left in the lurch. There should be a general agreement among the respectable classes in the principal towns either to put down this nuisance, which is enough to corrupt all the morals of the people, or else to make it subject to such strict regulations as will wholly deprive it of its gambling or dangerous character. The head of the Passport-office at Ostend has announced that in future persons entering Belgium either by that route or Antwerp, will not be required to produce passports. This remission, though a partial one, of the odious condition hitherto imposed on the Continent upon all travellers, will be received with general satisfaction, especially as it is un derstood to have arisen from the difficulty of keeping up the old regulations now that travelling by railway has come so much into use, and that hence a further relaxation of it may be soon looked for. FREE TRADE BANQUET. DINNER AT BIRMINGHAM TO THE HON C. P. VILLIERS, M.P. THURSDAY NIGHT.—This evening the long announced public dinner to the Hon. C. P. Villiers, Member for Wolverhampton, and the leader of the Anti-Corn-law party, took place in the Town-hall, and was most numerously and brilliantly attended. It is calculated that between 700 and 800 gentlemen of all shades of political opinion sat down to dinner. The chair was occupied by Mr. W. H. Smith, the newly elected Mayor of the borough, having on his right Mr. Villiers, the guest of the evening, Mr. Scott, M.P., Mr. Bright, M.P., Mr. G. Fox, Colonel Thompson, Mr. Craw shay, Alderman James, Alderman Beale, Alderman Van Wart, Mr. Clark, Mr. Beilby, Mr. Bolton, Mr. Blake, of the firm of Bolton and Watt, of the Soho Works; and on his left., Earl Ducie, Mr. Cobden, M.P. ; Mr. William Brown, late candidate for the southern division of Lan cashire ; Mr. Thornely, M.P. ; the Low Bailiffof Birmingham ; the Rev. Mr. Bathe, Unitarian minister; Alderman P. H. Muntz, Alderman Room, Alderman Weston, and Alderman , Scholefield, Mr. Lucas Chance, of the Sporlane Works. Mr. Geach, and other gentlemen of influence and station residing in the town and neighbourhood. Mr. Alderman Phillips, the late Mayor, occupied the vice-chair. The principal gallery was filled with a numerous assembly of ladies. The arrangements throughout were most admirable, and reflected great credit upon the managing committee. After Non Nobis, Doinine had been sung by the profes sional gentlemen in the organ gallery, The CHAIRMAN said, now he was about to co mm e nce the ...... discharge of the duties of the honourable situation in which he was placed, lie could assure them most unaffectedly he felt in the deepest degree the onerous character of those duties. But lie assured them that lie would endeavour to discharge them to the best of the abilities which he pos sessed, and the powers at his command. His first duty was to congratulate them upon the highly honourable assem blage of guests congregated that day.—(Cheers.) His second duty was to announce to the meeting the names of gentle men highly and equally honourable, who, but for circum stances not anticipated, would have been present on that occasion. He would not read letters, but he might mention that amongst other communications he had one from Lord Radnor, who, on the score of old age, extremely regretted his inability to attend. His Lordship, however, felt the deepest interest in the meeting, not only on account of the compli ment intended to their honoured guest, but also because he felt a deep interest in the success of the sacred cause they were assembled to promote. He (the Chairman) had also to regret the absence of not one only, but both of the Members for the borough of Manchester, but he was commissioned by his friend, Mr. Mark Philips, to say the present was the wedding -day of his only brother—that was his apology for absence. The same reason kept away Mr. Robert H. Greig, who, as brother-in-law of Mr. Philips, was detained by the same happy event. He (the Chairman) had hoped for the attendance of one or both of their own borough Members, but he was disappointed. He should have been happy to see Mr. Muntz in the hall that evening; lie should have been' happier still to have seen their friend Mr. Spooner—(Laughter)—for differing, as many of them did, from the political opinions of that Hon. Gentleman, they all acknowledged his worth and respectability.—(Hear.) . He was authorised to state that Mr. Muntz would have been present, but it so happened that he had an engagement with. Prince Albert at Windsor that day; and their Hon. Mem . - ber also assured him that he would, upon every occasion when the question was brought before the House of Commons, vote for the repeal of the corn-laws.—(Loud cheers.) He (the Chairman) had also hoped to have seen that evening Mr. Ricardo, the Member for Stoke, and Mr. M. Gibson, the Member for Manchester. Both gentlemen had promised their attendance, and as trains were arriving hourly, probably they might during the night have the pleasure of their company. He begged it to be understood, that this was not a political or party meeting, but strictly a social one—(Hear)—intended as a compliment to the lion. Member who had conferred such invaluable assistance on the cause of free trade.—(Cheers.) The Hon. Gentleman, after calling upon the company to assist him in the maintenance of order, and in a few words passing a high eulogium upon her Majesty, called upon the company to till a bumper to the health of The Queen." The toast was drunk with great enthusiasm. The healths of " Prince Albert," "The Prince of Wales," and " The Queen Dowager," succeeded, and were drunk with the customary honours, as was the toast of" The Army and Navy." The CHAIRMAN said, he was about to propose to them the health of their honoured guest, Mr. Villiers, who had done them the honour of accepting their hospitality on that occa sion.—(Loud cheers.) In performing this part of his duty, he was sure he would not for one moment insult Mr. Villiers, or disgrace himself, by addressing to that gentleman undue flat tery and vain compliment. But it was due to the meeting that he (the Chairman) should state why it was that they had in vited the Hon. Gentleman to visit Birmingham that day. It was simply this,—because he was the advocate of public principles in which they all concurred, and was a man whom they all admired. But he might be asked what those prin ciples were ? He would answer in two words— the principles of commercial freedom—the rights of labour, the rights of property, and, in connexion and dependence upon them, the advancement of the happiness and welfare of the entire so cial race.—(Cheers.) The Hon. Gentleman, after some fur ther complimentary observations. concluded by proposing i"rhe health of the Hon. Charles Pelham Villiers, their distin guished guest."—(Loud cheers, repeated three times three. ) Mr. COBDEN begged to act as fugleman. Let them give three-times-three Birmingham cheers, such as should be heard at Tamworth. The Hon. Member's suggestion was adopted with hearty responses. Mr. VIr.UERS said he was sure that the meeting would readily believe that he could not rise without great em barrassment duly to acknowledge the peculiar honour which had been done him that evening. When he considered the flattering circumstances under which he was their guest, and the friendly manner in which they had received the sentiment with which the Chairman had accompanied the proposal of his health, he (Mr. Villiers) honestly declared that he felt great difficulty in conveying adequately to them his sense of the condescension and consideration with which they had honoured him. He could hardly consider himself entitled to so much condescension ; there were men at their board that evening who were possessed of more talents than himself, and who, he was sure, had done more service to the great cause for the advancement of which they were met there that evening than lie had been able to do; in fact, he only differed from those men in having had a seat in the House of Commons longer than they, but he believed they would bear him out in saying that when they came into the House of Commons they did not find that he had been idle, but that he had been and Was at the time toiling on, as he had been for a long time, with difficulties greater than any which they had had to encounter. Since he (Mr. Villiers) had been honoured with a seat in the House of Commons by the favourable sense which was en tertained of him by a great body of constituents in the neighbourhood, he had endeavonred to do his duty—Omar) —and he would say, that his apprehension of his duty was never to prefer his individual interests, or the interests of a class, to those of the public, and he had it not on his con science that in any one single instance had he preferred the advantage of himself to what he considered his duty to the public ; and he could only say that if the course he had takea in public life had met their approbation, and if that which he had done in his efforts to support the cause which they were met that evening to celebrate could be construed to be a public service, their approbation of that course gave him, they might rely upon it, the highest reward for what he had done, and the highest encouragement to persevere in the course that he had hitherto pursued.—(Hear, hear.) They knew how the House of Commons was constituted and the feelings of that body on this matter, and the way in which they were identified with this law, and that those whose hostility to that law was dispalyed there acted at the greatest disadvantage ; but he could an swer, he thought, for the distinguished men who were pre sent on this occasion; and he could answer for himself, that the one consideration which had cheered them on more than another had been, that sooner or later the intelli gent portion of the community would appreciate their endeavours. He accepted this meeting as a sign of the progress of the cause, and a most gratifying verification of what they had all along been expecting. If they coincided with him and his friends around him on this great question, it was most important that they should not underrate the importance of their declaring themselves distinctly without loss of time. Why they who sat in that House had had the most conclusive proofs that their opponents, the supporters of the corn-laws, had found at length that they were wrong, and they felt that, being wrong, the evidence was pressed upon them by their own Ministers, and by the circumstances of the country, which they could not dispute, that they could not any longer maintain the corn-laws consistently with the interests of the community. But one thing they did not know; they seemed ignorant of the opinion of the people; they appeared to want some sign of the opinions really entertained by the intelli gent portion of the public; they seemed to think that if the people chose to keep silence the public therefore coincided with them in opinion, or were undecided at least with re gard to the operation of the law. He did not believe that the aristocracy of this country were better than any other men ; but he thought them much like other men—(Hear, hear) —and that if any of them helped themselves to anything which they had not a right to, but which they thought worth keeping, why they were very loath to give up. They were like other great bodies that the meeting knew of; they would not move till the steam was up. It was not a gentle force that would stir them. Sir James Graham had said some time ago—and it was one of the things which he bad not unsaid since—that the aristocracy, if they opposed public opinion, were totally without power. (Laughter, and cheers.) That was undoubtedly true. What, then, was it which stood between the advocates of corn-law repeal and that result? He answered, the want of some clear, intel ligible, unmistakeable expression of opinion.—(Hear, hear.) He thought it most gratifying to see this manifestation of opinion in this great town—a manifestation which he looked upon and accepted, not as made in favour of a person or a party, but of a great principle.—(Loud cheers.) He believed that if the commerce of this country continued restricted, as it was at present, the people might as well be with out a great part of the liberty they possessed.— (Hear.) They had acquired the power of thinking what they pleased—of praying how they pleased—of saying what they pleased—and the result had been, that the people had become the greater, and the circumstances of the country the better for it. The people, in consequence, have grown mere intelligent, more peaceful, more enterprizing, more ac tive than any other nation, and it was precisely for that reason that commercial restraint was such a fetter to them ; for li what was it to a man to be possessed of more intelligence or more skill than his fellows if he were restrained from dis posing of it to the best advantage—if the comforts of life were beyond his reach? He asked if that was not the con dition of millions of their fellow-countrymen? He asked, also, if destitution was not what all who heard him were ex pecting to fall upon those millions every hour? Then did any man believe that Providence had brought about that re sult ? No. It was the result of human legislation, it was the direct consequence of the law which they were that evening met to assail—a consequence which bad been foreseen, and of which the Govenment had been warned over and over again. By the laws which they enacted, the,Government drove a large portion of their people to the most inferior kinds of foo, and then, if any of those visitations arrived which might be expected to occur, they were reduced to des st itution. That was the consequence of making food difficult to be obtained. It was passing laws for bringing about destitu tion. He said, that no man who had been a party to such legislation had any right to talk about the visitation of Pro vidence. He had lately seen that Lord John Russell had expressed himself with great eloquence onthe constitution of this country, when addressing lately the citizens of Edinburgh, and to much that the Noble Lord said in praising this country every reasonable man would assent; but he (Mr. Villiers) said that every man would deny throughout Europe that the corn-law in this country operated against the power of the Government. They might point to a despotism, and make comparisons between this country and it unfavourable to the latter, but where did they see a despotism in which there was anything to exceed the pritce tical injustice of the law which was passed to make the wealthiest aristocracy in Europe still wealthier by means: which exposed millions to want.—(Loud cheers.) They knew that the substitution of the sliding scale was asserted to have sprung from a desire that food night be abundant in this country, and that we might be independent of fo reigners. Now was the moment to observe the operation of that precious device—(Hear)—that contrivance which was to • make food abundant and the country independent of foreigners. They had attempted to establish sliding scales in Holland and Belgium ; but the moment there arose a de!iciency of food, how did these scales operate? Not one moment had been lost in sending those scales to where the people leepeel they never would return from. He knew of no better instamee than that of Holland by which to illustrate what he was , urging. Holland, upwards of two centuries ago, did not grow a grain of wheat; but Holland, by the description of every person who wrote about that time, was the granary of Europe_ What was their condition now? They had instituted this , miserable device of a sliding-scale, and what bad been the consequence? They were compelled to resort to compara tive free trade when a deficiency of supply arose. then, did people read in the journals ? What did they hear ? The Ministers had been meeting for four hours a day all last week fur the purpose of seeing how decently they could get rid of their scheme. That. was the real state of the case, and the only scruple that they seemed to have was that, as they were the authors of the scheme, it was necessary to consider what would be the opi nion them throughout the country if they destroyed their own work? As to that, the opinion of the country, he was persuaded, was that if there could be one act more foolish: than the establishment of this sliding scale, it would_ be, in present circumstances, not to get lid of it alto gether. It was promised at the establishment of this scale, that it would make us independent of foreigners, and. it was asked was not that a great advantage? But what was the case now? That was its greatest misfortune that it makes us not entirely dependent on foreigners, and that in: consequence foreigners had not enough to send us; for when. the Legislature devised this notable scheme, to render us in dependent of foreigners, they also brought it about that: foreigners should not be dependent on us, and having taught them not to be dependent on us, they canoe t wonder that. foreigners are not likely to have provided for us ; but the organs of monopoly said that they were ready to meet the emergency, and that Sir Robert Peel was ready to meet everything that can happen ; because he was reedy to give a. bounty—(Hear, hear)—on the importation of food. Now, that was very good of Sir R. Peel—(A laugh)—and it was very reasonable in the organs of his Government to recom mend that he should do so; but he (Mr. Villiers) would like to know who was to pay that bounty?—(Hear, hear.) He thought Sir R. Peel would not pay that bounty, but that the people would pay it, ard that, therefore, the people were not only to pay too much for their food per manently, but to pay a special tax in order to defray the bounty. He did not think that there were ten people in this country who believed one statement that the friends and authors of the sliding scale made inits defence. What was the meaning of the anxiety which existed previous to the harvest time? This country was dependent for its supply of food upon the seasons. Whether they should have abundance or scarcity, dearness or cheapness, turned upon the weather in the month of August. They had had so much experience lately of the consequences of food .being dear or cheap, that no person in the country was unprepared for what might be .the result in one case or the other. People had an idea that if rock' was abundant and cheap, inoliey would be plentiful, credit would be' good, manufactures would flourish, revenue 'would lie, antple, evagee','Would be high, and the country ,generally'eiould he prospeiems and they entertained just as confident an impression that if food was dear money would , be scarce, manufactures would be depressed, wages would be low, local burdens *Mild lee increased, and all the capital otherwise available :for Public - WOrks—Such as railroads and other similar - undertakings—woUld be immediately with drawn to pay, the increased price of food. It was perfectly natural that people shOuld be anxious to know whether the harvest was likely to be good or not ; bat ehen the question arose, whether this anxiety was necessary—whether they ought to depend only uPon'tlie harvb4—whether, being satisfied it was desirable that' food should be cheap and plentiful, they ought not to adopt every means to effect that Object? There was one fact which ought to be impressed on the mind of every person who was a supporter of the principles of free trade, and who wished to meet the argu ments of- the monopolists—namely, that there was not one single article of consumption for which there was a great de mand in this country, and whick was subject to the regular principles of commerce, of which there was ever a deficient supply, or of which the supply was ever limited —(Hear.) They fancied they knew a man's character when he arrived at the age of twenty-one; they ought to know something about this law, which had attained the age of thirty-one.— (A laugh.) He wished to know if any men could say a single thing in defence of that law?—(Hear, hear.) It excited the greatest anxiety throughout the country regu larly every two months; it threw the people into a state of confusion regularly every four years; it had occasioned great loss to the country, and constant privation to the poorest class of the population.—(" Hear," and cheers.) When he (Mr. Villiers) first went into Parliament he used to hear it argued that dear bread was advantageous to the country; that it secured the people high wages; and that it was necessary to enable them to pay the national debt. But now he heard nothing of this kind from the supporters of the corn monopoly. They were obliged to admit that an abundance of food was a great blessing; and they said, "Only give us time; let us adopt all the improvements we can, and then we shall have as abundant a supply of food as we can gain by importation." Now, he had a great objection to wait, or to trust these men. If a gentleman said, "Leave me a monopoly, in order that I may benefit the public," he greatly mistrusted such an individual. He mistrusted 'the agricultural protection societies, because he never found them endeavouring to carry their professed objects into effect. If some twenty-tire of the nobility and gentry of a county were to assemble and inquire whether they could not improve the condition of the tenant-farmer, and to lead him to profit by the lectures he was urge d to attend, he (Mr. Villiers) would confess that they gave some proof they were in earnest. Suppose the gentlemen of whom he was speaking were to draw up and agree to some declaration to this effect :—" That whereas we have been in the habit of making the farmers political tools —(Hear)—of placing them under every possible disadvan tage, extorting from them the highest rent we could get, giving them the smallest possible advantages for making their produce profitable, and making them religiously pre serve a species of vermin it is our pride to destroy—(" Hear, hear," and great cheering)—and that the result of this has been that their farms were badly cultivated, and the people of this country were under-supplied with food, we agree to recommend all landlords to give leases to their tenants— (Hear, hear)—to secure them in their tenures—to afford them every inducement to invest capital in the soil, and to allow the vermin before-mentioned to be destroyed;" lie had no doubt that the lectures of Liebi„, ,, and the in ventions of Mr. Smith, of Deanston, would receive the careful attention of farmers, and that they would soon see a great improvement in agriculture. But so long as they confined themselves to giving lecturei, and did nothing beyond, he did not think the persons of whom he had been speaking had any claim to their confidence. But there was another reason which made him pause before he trusted the advocates of a corn-law. Those persons had recently said, with great plausibility, to the opponents of monopoly—" If you will only leave us protection a little ! time we shall soon be able to do all you want." Now, whenever bread was abundant and cheap, no persons were so angry and discontented as the very people who thus appealed to them for their confidence. If those whom he (Mr. Villiers) was then addressing had happened to be in the House of Commons one evening about the middle of last session they would have witnessed a singular scene, which confirmed the views he had just expressed. They might have seen a rustic looking gentleman with a number of papers in his hands, ad dressing the the house with great vehemence and indignation, and assuming a threatening attitude towards the gentlemen on the Treasury bench. Had a stranger entered the house at that moment lie might have supposed the speaker to be a humane and honest man, complaining in indignant strains of same injustice committed against the poor. But in such a supposition he would have been grievously mistaken, for he would have learned that this gentleman was a member of the protection party, and that the papers he held in his hand were the prices current of all the animals and vege tables produced by the members of the agricultural protection societies upon their property.—(Laughter.) That Honour able Gentleman went through every item in those returns with the greatest minuteness, and he indignantly assailed the measures of the Prime Minister, contending that, from their operation, the price of pork, eon, and flour, had fallen so much a stone below the price which existed at the time when he and his friends formed the Administration. The gentleman to whom he referred and his friends made charges of breach of faith, and held out threats of with drawal of confidence ; and they seemed to have a strong case against the Minister of the Crown. That was what was termed in the House of Commons a practical debate, (Laughter)—and there was a gentleman representing the protection party and the landed interest of the country, occu pying the British House of Commons for two hours and a half in complaining of a great fall in the price of the neces series of life.—(Laughter and " Hear, hear.") He was delighted to see the other day that that speech had attracted the attention of a gentleman whose observation on the subject had been much commented upon in the papers lately. He alluded to Mr. Escott, who stated that when he heard that speech he saw that the game of protection was up.—(Great cheering and laughter.) That was a true remark. The game of protection was up. (Renewed cheering.) This matter seemed to have struck a great many other persons in the same light. The attention of a nobleman, distinguished for his philanthropy, and for whom ho entertained great respect seemed also to have been attracted by Mr. Escott's oration ; and the Noble Lord to whom he referred said, speaking of his experience during the last session, that he saw the corn-laws were doomed.—(Hear, and cheers.) The Noble Lord meant " detected."—( A laugh.) He trusted the Noble Lord would turn out a good prophet, and that these laws, having been detected, would speedily be doomed.— (Loud cheers.) Therewas also another gentleman, a captain in the navy, who had, after some years' deliberation, come to a conclusion on the subject. That gentleman said, " There were two things 'heard during the last session, I heard that the population is increasing by 1,000 a-day, and I heard that the object of protection is to snake the necessaries of life ats dear and as scarce as possible" "Why," he continued, "this is worse than the Chinese. The Chinese do everything to feed their people. They encourage the introduction of food into the country, while we are doing pre cisely the contrary." The Honourable Gentleman to whom he was referring told the people in his own count, that " this won't do ;" and he had, it appeared, become a convert to Anti-Monopolist principles. These circumstances had had a very beneficial effect in the House of Commons. Lord J. Russell, shortly afterwards, thought it high time to bring before the country the condi tion of the working classes, and he came to the conclusion that that which bore most heavily upon them, and pre vented them from rising to their proper position was this law, which rendered the necessaries of life scarce and dear — (Hear, hear)—and he called upon the House to take the sub ject into their consideration. He (Mr. Villiers) was curious to notice how the Government received that proposition ; for while they wanted to glorify themselves for the 'prosperity of the country, they also wished to stand well with their own friends. Sir J. Graham did not oppose Lord J. Russell's motion. He acted as a man usually did when lie agreed with the mover of a resolution, but found it inconvenient to say so. He moved the previous question, but Sir James thought, like Mr. Escott, that the game of protection was up ; and he made in his speech a clean sweep of all the rubbish that had ever been uttered in favour of protection.—(Hear, hear.) He ventured to say that there never was a speech delivered by any one of those who advocated free-trade of so much power as that speech of Sir James Graham by way of answer to these who opposed the repeal of the corn-laws. There was not one of them who had ever supported the repeal of the corn-laws by a better speech. That their opponents had never ventured to meet it. The simple minded gentle man to whom lie alluded never apprehended this result; he complained that things were so cheap; he did not go into the consequences of the corn-laws. His friend had told him after that speech of Sir James Graham, why, you will weaken your case if you go on to reply to him. He was told that the Secretary of State had done still better than he could do, and that coming from him the argument would have more authority. He, therefore, had nothing more to do balm days afterwaidi to move for the repeal of the law. He moved accordingly, but he got no answer to his argu ments, except this—that, the, corrielaws having failed, it was a pity: to: disturb ,that_ which"was, nevertheless, the exist ing-. Idev.—(Hear hear.): For his part, he thought it required nothing but earnest, . decided, . vigor ous, and determined attack to secure the destruction- of the law. He had been in a minority en the last occasion; but there were several names in that minority that had never appeared in a corn-law minority with hira before—the names MORN) NG l _ NOVEMBER l5, 1845. he believed, of persons who no longer were content to think it sufficient that by their absence ,from the House th e y should abstain from opposing the repeal of the law, which had been admitted to be a fraud upon those for whom it was devised, and an enormous wrong to those on whom it ope rated. He was therefore glad that the Howards, and the Cavendishes, and the Fortescues, and the Russells all added to the numbers of that minority, because they could not endure to see that which was a fraud on those for whom it was devised, and an enormous injury to the people, going on any longer. He did not see how those persons who, whe ther really or pretendedly, were the friends of humanity could any longer complain if they overlooked the existence of a law which produced so great and grave evils as its conse quences. On the ground of humanity, therefore, he asked that these laws should be abolished, of which the operation was most calamitous on that class which was least able to resist them from physical causes. This law they now had prac tical means of appreciating. There was a deficiency in the harvest. Prices had now reached the height at which Sir J. Graham had said that destitution and crime were rife throughout the country. Was there, then, ever an opportu-' nity at which matters were more ripe for action? IVere they ever in a better position to call upon the Government to do something to ameliorate the prospects of the country? —(Hear, heat.) The Government had decided notliing. They waited for the men of Birmingham to suggeet to them what ought to be decided Let them gladden, then, the hearts of millions, by calling on the Government to strike to the ground and abolish at once and for ever the ridiculous system which denied their food to millions, and urging them to call Parliament together, either to do the deed, or to sanction it; and if Parliament refused, to call upon the elec tors to test whether the present Parliament were the real re presentatives of those enfranchised millions who earned their bread by the sweat of their brows. He called upon them to act, and he was quite satisfied they would not do so without success.—(Cheers.) The CIIAIRMAN then gave the health of Earl Ducie, who returned thhnks. The CHAIRMAN begged leave to propose " the health of Richard Cobden, Esq., the distinguished opponent of all mo nopolies.—(Vehernent cheering.) Mr. Contwx, on rising, was .reeted with loud cheers. He said, that he felt deeply indebted to the assembly for the kind manner in which they had received the announcement of his name. He also congratulated them on the aspect of the meeting; and observed, that this demonstration put into the hands of Mr. Villiers a most powerful weapon against the common enemy, which that gentleman would wield for their common benefit in the House of Commons. Ile did not ap pear before them, after the full exposition which had been given of their principles and views, to make an argumentative speech. Facts were before them which demonstrated to the conviction of all what were the consequences of those prin ciples which they had met to oppose. They found them selves, under the operation of those principles, verging as nearly as possible upon a state of famine. This, as Mr. Villiers had well explained, was the consequence predicted from these restrictive laws by every writer or speaker on the subject, from the time of the celebrated protest of Lord Grenville, in the House of Lords, in 1815, down to the most recently-published pamphlet in opposition to the corn-laws. The matter for their consideration was, what was to be done in the present state of this question ? It seemed that they bad been deluding themselves when they entertained the idea that the Government was going to do something. It seemed that they had not even such a Government as some of the Continental States possessed. Were they not gratified to think that they were unworthy of as good treatment as the Russians, and Turks, and Dutch received? When the Dutch, and Germans, and Turks, and Russians, and Belgians, found there was likely to be a scarcity, they took that course which common prudence dictated, and which any community out of Bedlam would at once pursue, if left to the exercise of their unbiassed judgment. Finding there was a probability of an insufficient supply of food at home they opened wide their ports, and admitted importations from any part of the world. This was what the people had expected our rational Government to do. What was the question which thirteen noble men and gentlemen had been sitting in the Cabinet day after day to discuss? Whether they, from their own rents and revenues, should make large purchases of grain from abroad to supply the wants of the people of this country? No. Wh&her they should vote a subsidy from the taxes of the country, and levy new taxes to cover the amount to purchase food? Nothing of the kind. The mighty difficulty they had to decide was this—whether they would allow the people of this country to feed themselves? and it appeared the Cabi net had decided that they should not.—(" Hear," and cheers ) Rumours were afloat, he could not tell how well-founded they might be, that there was a division in the Cabinet on this great question. They were told that Sir R. Peel and Sir J. Graham on the one side, and the Duke of Welling ton and Lord Stanley on the other, were at variance on this subject; and they were told that the Duke had decided that the people of England should not be allowed to feed themselves.—(Hear, hear.) Now, they were at issue with the great Duke on this great question.—(Hear, hear.) He (Mr. Cobden) believed that the people of Birmingham had before tried the mettle of that noble warrior. —("Hear, hear," and cheers.) The Duke of Wellington was a nobleman whom they regarded with honour, as possessing those qualities which were held by men in the highest estimation. He possessed high courage, great firmness of resolve, and indomitable perseverance. They admired such qualities in any man, and the Duke had had a great field of enterprise on which to manifest his endow ments.—(Hear, hear.) He would not like to see the Noble Duke, who had now grown old, and who had conquered so often in the field—he would not like to see that Noble Duke sustain another defeat, before he descended into an honoured grave.—(Hear, hear.) He would, therefore, remind that noble individual that he had never yet entered into a contest with Englishmen in which he had been successful. As the great battle to which he (Mr. Cobden) had been alluding must be and would be fought, he could only express a hope that the Noble Duke might live long enough to test the qua lity of his countrymen again.—(Cheers and laughter.) But, after all, it was not the Duke of Wellington against whom they were arrayed. Who was at the head of the Govern ment of this country? Sir It. Peel. He (Mr. Cobden) had sat in the House of Commons in the palmy days of Sir li. Peel's prosperity, and when Sir Robert brought forward his measures, and dictated to his servile colleagues what his policy should be, the little monosyllable " I, I, I," was con.• stantly on his lips.—( A laugh.) " I do this," "I call upon you to support me in doing that." "I act upon my own honest convictions." " I look for a posthumous fame." " I will 4 11 s) nothing as the Prime Minister of this country which I do not think is for the benefit of the community." Ile (Mr. Cobden) would take the Right Hon. Baronet at his word. Al though he was the Prime Minister of this country, lie was, as Prime Minister, responsible for his actions. Many attempts had been made to shirk thatresponsibility; and an endeavour had been made to show that those who talked of such respon sibility intended to do personal violence to Sir It. Peel. He (Mr. Cobden) knew that Sir R. Peel was ashamed of that plea ; but some of the newspapers had now fallen back upon it. He (Mr. Cobden) could only say that he would not touch a hair of Sir It. Peel's head.—(Hear.) But what was the meaning of the responsibility of a Minister? The Minister of this country was responsible by the Constitution for every act of the Sovereign. The Queen alone could issue an order for the opening or the ports; and her gracious Majesty would have taken that step long ago, but that the Con stitution prevented her from doing so till Sir Robert Peel presented her with the decision of the Council.-- (Cheers. ) They were, therefore, only pursuing a legiti mate constitutional course when they brought Sir R. Peel to the bar of public opinion, and declared him to be respon sible for the acts of the Government.—("Hear,"and cheers.) It had been proposed that, for the relief of the poor in Ireland, great public works should be undertaken, that railways should be made, lands drained, fisheries started, and boats and nets supplied to the people. He (Mr. Cobden) would recommend, in the place of these suggestions, a repeal of the existing corn-laws.--(Cheers.) ' The ports of Belgium had been opened for the importation of foreign corn, they did not there expect to feed the people merely by pickaxes and shovels, by giving them work without furnishing them at the same time with food which they may purchase with the pro duce of their labour. The Irish people would undoubt edly suffer much from famine, owing to the failure of the potato crops in all parts of that country. That affected not only men who were able to labour on railroads and public works, but women, children, the aged, and the dis abled. Those were not persons into whose hands they could put pickaxes and shovels. He would venture to pro phecy a recurrence in Ireland, in the ensuing spring, of those events which occurred in that country in the spring of 1822, when the famishing flocked by crowds into the towns and were fed by the charity of the inhabitants. But the question was, where was subsistence to be obtained for them, now that their own crops, upon which they had depended, had failed ? It must be bought elsewhere ; and not a moment ought now to be lost in accumulating stocks of grain, for if they deferred doing so till the time of pressure—spring—arrived, that commodity would probably be double its present' value.— (hear, hear.) The monopolists were tampering with the present state of things. The organs of the Government, day after day, represented the state of affairs to be much more cheering than it actually was. Why, what was the state of things in Ireland ? Could a wide-spread conspiracy have been organised to deceive them by false representations ? Had they not seen that masses were offered up in the Catholic chapels throughout that country praying the Deity to avert the impending calamity? and that the Protestant Primate and Bishops of Ireland had ordered similar prayers to be offered up in the churches of the Establishment? The boards of guardians also had memo rialised the Government on the subject. He (Mr. Cobden) was convinced there were not a dozen men in this country who did not feel it a solemn and melancholy truth that the country was placed, by the deficiency of the crops, in a most unfortunate and perilous position; and yet the Government were tampering with this critical moment of their welfare, and were apparently unprepared with any measure to avert the calamity,—(Hear, hear.) Now, then, was the time for the people of this country to speak out. It had been said there had been scarcely any demonstration in the country in favour of opening the ports ; and why ? Because there were hardly two rational men in any town who dal not expect that every post would bring down from London the decision of the Cabinet that the ports were already open.—(" Hear," and cheers.) But that expectation was now past ; and he thought it behoved the people in every town in the kingdom to meet together, as they were going to do at Man chester, and call upon the Government to open the ports. — (Hear.) When the ports were once open he was sure they would never be shut again, and that was the reason they had not been opened. Where was the necessity to hold four or five Cabinet meetings in order to tell them that corn could not come in ? Some men said, look to your native produce: but that was not thought reasonable in anything but corn. He had heard Mr. Gladstone eloquently advocate the free admission of lard, hides, and flax, because (he said) they were the raw material of manufactures, and that, there fore, it was necessary that a cheap and abundant supply of those articles should be had. The argument which applied to corn, was forgotten when they had to deal with lard, hides, and flax. He would whisper in the ear of the advocates of the corn-law, that corn was the article on which rents were fixed and tithes regulated.—(Cheers.) Let them not deceive themselves, and fancy they would get all at once a free ad mission of corn—that was to say, wheat. There was no objection to admit Indian corn free of duty. Lord Sandon wrote to his Liverpool constitutents that they did not mean to oppose the admission of Indian corn. Why? Because they did not fix their rents or regulate their tithes on the price of Indian corn. The truth was, the opposite party had not a loan of average intellect that dared to support their cause; they could not appeal to a statesman of any eminence who had delivered a dictum in favour of the system ; they had not a writer on their side; they stood alone in this age, and yet these people governed as absolutely and more tyran nically than the Grand Turk himself—(Shame) —and they would find tools for themselves who would work against their own convictions. No doubt Sir it. I'ecl was at least as good a free trader as he (Mr. Cobden) was, and he had no doubt that Sir R. Peel had a wish in his inmost heart that lie should be the man to carry out these principles, but he had been tampering with his policy, that lie might adapt it to the ignorance of his party. Now, there was one consolation —they had run the fox to earth at last.—(Cheers.) He could not double on them any more. The lion. Gentleman, after remarking on the pleasure it would have given him to have seen the Right Hon. Baronet as a Lancashire man carry ing the abolition of the cons-law, went on to urge on the meeting to make . themselves county voters by buying 40i. 'freeholds, and also to examine and purity the re gistries by means of local organisation. The people must be prepared to act for themselves. They must , come out in their multitudinous strength, in Yorkshire, Lancashire, and every part of the country; now that they saw the mighty edifice of monopoly tottering, and that its walls began to crumble, they should concentrate their ener gies, and level it to the ground in all its crimes and blood; and the peaceful ploughshare should pass over its ruins, and full and enduring prosperity should bless our land.—(Loud cheering.) The CHAMMAN then proposed "the Health of Mr. Bright, M.P.," which was drunk with loud cheering; and the Hon. member returned thanks. Several toasts were drank, and the company (lid not break up until an advanced hour. NEW RAILWAY SCHEMES. Thursday night's London Gazette contains notices that applications will be made to Parliament next session for leave to introduce Bills authorising the construction of the undermentioned lines:— Chester and Birkenhead, with branches. Great North of England and Yorkshire and Glasgow Union Junction. South Devon, branches. Monmouth and Hereford, to abandon some portions of the line as at present authorised, and to make other new lines. Ipswich to lleedham and Yarmouth, junction with. South and Midlands Junction. South-Eastern, to amend the Act for Maidstone branch, to enlarge powers and amend provisions, to purchase Gravesend and Rochester Canal, and to make branches. Trent Vallev, junction with at Colton or Rug , :ly to Aston juxta Birmingham. Manchester and Birmingham Continuation and Welsh Junction. Manchester and Milford Haven. Glamorgan Central Mineral. Birkenhead and Holyhead Junction and Mold Extension, with branches. Exeter, Yeovil, and Dorchester, junction - with to Penzance. Whitehaven and Furness Junction. Uccle, Wakefield, Pontefract and Grimsby. Tunbridge and Rye Harbour Direct. Direct Manchester, Leeds and York. Eastern Counties (March and Lincoln) Extension, Epping Ex tension. Glasgow, Strathaven, and Lesmahagow Direct. Lanark, Stirling, and Clackmannan Counties Junction. Glasgow Southern Terminal Lincolnshire and Eastern Counties Junction, with branches. Syston and Peterborough, junction with at Melton Mow bray to the Midland Counties line, near the Nottingham station. South Midland and Southampton Junction. Manchester South Junction and Altrincham, junction with at Altrincham to the station of the Chester and Ctewe Rail way at Chester. Grand Junction, branches. North Devon, with branches. Cornwall and Devon Central; Exeter, Yeovil, and Dor chester ; London, Salisbury, and 'Yeovil ; Wimborne and Pool ; to incotporate and amalgamate. Rugby, Warwick, and Worcester_ Glasgow, Barrhead, and NeiLston Direct, to amend provi sions, and to make branches. Leeds and Thirsk (North-Eastern Extension). Worcester and Leominster. Hull and Holyhead Direct. llavle, to introduce clauses. Bridgwater and Minehead Railway and Pier. London and Holyhead Direct, with branches. Cambridge and Lincoln Extension; and Lincoln, York, and Leeds Junction ; with a bra nc h to Doncaster. Great 'Western and Wycombe, Leeds, Dewsbury, and Manchester, deviations and branches. 'Worcester, Hereford, Ross, and Gloucester. North Staffordshire, with branches. Newcastle and Carlisle, junction with, to the Lancaster and Carlisle line, at Orton or r rebay. Bristol and Exeter, junction with at Exeter to South ampton, and Dorchester Railway at Dorchester. F.astern Union (Co.mbridge and Ely Extension). Eastern Union and Harwich. Shrewsbury, Wolverhampton, and South Staffordshire. Manchester, Huddersfield, and Great Grimsby,Direct. Oxford, Worcester, and Wolverhampton, branches. Llynvi Valley and South Wales Junction. Great Welsh Central, Ipswich to Bury St. Ed►nund's, junction with at Ipswich to the Lowestoft Railway, or with the Norfolk Railway. Northampton, Banbury, and Cheltenham. Derbyshire, Staffordshire, and Worcestershire Junction. COLLISION ON THE BIRMING- HAM RAILWAY. MANCITESTER, THURSDAY.—ThiS morning, at a little be fore seven o'clock, a collision of an alarming character took place on the Manchester and Birmingham Railway, a short distance beyond the place where a junction is formed with the Sheffield line at Ardwick. The train which met with the accident was the train for Birmingham, which left the London-road station at half- past six o'clock. The engine was the No. 2 engine, driven by John Penny; and at about five minutes bethre seven, in consequence of the slippery state of the rails, arising from the hoar-frost, not more than about a mile and a half had been traversed. The morning was exceedingly foggy, so much so that it was deemed pru dent to place a signal lamp with a red light to the last carriage of the train, There were, in addition to the en gine, a passengers' luggage van, a second-class, and a first-class carriage, two carriage -trucks, another passenger carriage (a third-class), and a horse-box. Finding that he► could make but little progress, Penny caused his fire man to throw sand on the rails in front of the engine, and repeatedly blew his steam-whistle, us I presume, for the assistance of another engine. The train, which bad just before been proceeding at a pace little exceeding a walk, was just getting to a moderate speed, when a terrific crash from behind threw nearly every passenger from his seat, and broke nearly every carriage in the train either more or less. I was fortunately seated in the centre compartment of the first-class carriage, and sustained no injury. Upon opening the window, as soon as I could collect myself, I found that our carriage truck, the second and third-class carriages, and the horse box had been detached from the train, and were out of sight. The engine in front of the train had likewise broken loose, and gone sonic distance in front of succeeding passenger carriages. The guard, who was seated in his usual place behind the second-class carriage, was crushed up against the carriage and considerably stunned. He, how ever, recovered himself, and scrambling to the top of the carriage, screwed up his break, but found it was broken. As soon as the carriages stopped, I got out, and being anxious to ascertain the extent of the inistOrtune, ran down the line some three hundred yards, when I found that the principal sufferers were about six or eight people who were in the third-class (stand-up) carriage, and were on their way to Stockport. Three of them were sitting OR the embankment, and were much bruised and stunned. Happily, however, none of them sustained any fractures. It seems that they were all thrown one upon another in their carriage, receiving severe contusions, and one of them, named Jacob Bradford, imagined his arm was broken. Such, however, was not the case. A young Irishwoman, who was also on her way to Stockport, was standing near the back of the carriage, and to all appearance she was severely injured about the right ear and foot. Two gentlemen who sat in the last com partment of the first-class carriage were thrown upon the bottom of the carriage, and one of them had his legs much contused. Upon examining the carriages I found that nearly every one of them had been more or less injured. The horse box with the lantern were very much shattered. Upon inquiry into the cause of the disaster I ascertained that it was caused by the engine driver, a man named Lo mas, who had been dispatched to assist the No. 2, engine, coming suddenly up at a very strong speed, and smashing into the train. - Lomas, upon being questioned, stated that he saw the light at the back of the horse-box, but at so short a distance in consequence of the fog, that he was unable to shut off the steam in sufficient time to prevent the collision. He had left the station twenty minutes after the train, and he never expected to come upon it so soon. This much is certain—the steam-whistle of the No. 2 Engine was kept almost constantly blowing; and it is very strange if Lomas had net sufficient notice that he was close upon the train. Again, the fog was so dense that that alone was sufficient to have used an extreme degree of caution. Of course no little consternation! was caused by the acci. dent. The guard, seeing the condition of the carriages, thought it was best to have them sent back, and the pas sengers were forwarded onwards by the slow train (but which was quickened for the occasion) which leaves Manchester at seven o'clock. Those whose destination was Birmingham were, however, on their arrival at Crewe, too late for the Grand Junction train, and by order of Mr. Bakor, a gentle man connected with the engineers' department, were sent forward by a special engine, and, notwithstanding that they had been delayed nearly three-quarters of an hour, arrived at Birmingham only ten minutes after the regular train. THE RECENT COLLISION ON THE EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY. On Thursday forenoon, at eleven o'clock, Major-General Fasley, the Government Inspector-General of Railways, arrived at the Shoreditch terminus of the Eastern Counties Railway, for the purpose of instituting his official inquiry respecting the recent fearful collision on this line, near the Waltham station, whereby Captain Laurence, E.1.C., a Director of the Norfolk Railway, and a drover, named Fisher, nearly lost their lives. The investigation was proceeded with in the board-room; amongst those who took a prominent part in the proceedings were Mr. Waddington, the deputy-chairman of the Com pany; Mr. Fisher, Mr. Mills, and several other Directors; Mr. Bulkeley, the secretary, Mr. Hanson, the manager of the traffic department; and Mr. Scott, the locomotive super intendent. The inquiry was what is termed a private one; but the circumstances under which the collision happened being of great moment to the public, as also to those for whom every security in railway travelling is looked for, we have been enabled to glean the following statements from the witnesses who were examined before the General. It will be recollected that the primary cause of the accident was the breaking down of a flour waggon attached to the night goods train ; respecting which evidence was adduced to show that that train, which ought to have arrived at the Waltham station by two o'clock, was detained at Brox bourne, through the sudden increase of goods, and before it had reached the former place it came to a stand-still, from, as it was afterwards discovered, the breaking of an axle-tree of a flour-truck. George Cams, the engine• driver, who had charge of one of the engines of the goods train, which left Cambridfe, &c , on last Saturday night, stated that it was a very ieavyone, comprising 24 loaded goods waggons, drawn by two , engines. The train arrived at Boxbourne shortly, a ft e r one 9 clock on the following (Sunday) morning, and having received some luggage from that station, the train proceeded. It had not got far, however, before they found the speed much slackened, from a cause which for the time they could not detect. It did not arise from a want of steam, and both engines worked hard. Still the rate gradually decreased, and on arriving within 200 yards o f the Waltham station the train came to a perfect halt. Know ing that the fish train would be shortly due, they determined, if possible, to remove their train to a contiguous siding. They succeeded in pushing five of the waggons backwards to the siding, and on attempting the remainder finind they could not remove them. By the aid of lamps they proceeded to ascertain what. was the obstacle, and discovered that the axletree of a flour waggon was br o k en, and the entire b ody was so resting upon the wheel s th a t i t was i mposs ibl e to re • move it with the means then at hand. having got the assist ance of the watchman of the station, and two of the porters. they commenced unloading the truck, which contained about 60 saclk of flour. It occu pi e d a cons id era bl e t i me , ow i ng to the limited slumber of hands, and in the course of an hour and a half afterw ar d s th e fi s h t ra i n f rom N orw i c h came up , Additional assistance was then obtained, and they were about getting the waggon off the permanent road, when the mail train arrived and ran into the rear of the fish train. The weather that morning was very thick; there was a fog dur ing the entire journey. It was the fore axle that had broke sharp off, and close to the right wheel. In answer to questions put by General Pasley, Cann said that in dry weather a train travelling at the speed usually pursued on that, could be brought to a stoppage as easy and as soon as on any other line ; but in such weather as last Sunday morning, he did not think that it was possible to have stopped it under a quarter of a mile, unless all the breaks were sufficiently applied; for owing to the dew that had fallen, the rails were so greasy, that the wheels would slide along. The breaks that were on the engine he drove that morning, were the screw breaks; they acted on the six Wile* of the engine, and he considered that they were MM!oll _,y .. the best in use. Did not know what breaks the engine of the mail-train had. He had before the fish train arrived, sent a man down the line to give the signal fur it to step. It is here necessary to state, that the broken luggage truck was not cleared off the line until Mr. Kennard, a director of the Company, who resides at Waltham, had sent to the Stratford factories for assi,tance, when by the aid of horses it was dragged over. The passengers by the mail train were brought to London by a special train, under the direction of Mr. Dowling, the superintendent of the Shore ditch terminus. Various other witnesses were examined, and at the ter mination of the inquiry, General Pasley quitted the station without expressing any opinion as to the cause of the ac cident. CORKE'S PATENT ECONOMIC FIRING. We on Thursday witnessed some experiments with Corke'a Patent Economic Firing, and judging from what we then saw, we think this firing is destined, at no distant day, to supersede all others. It is the invention of Mr. Parsons, of whom it has been purchased by Mr. Corke, who has secured his rights by patents in England, Scotland, Ireland, France. Belgium, Holland, America, Russia, Austria, Prussia, Nor way, Sweden, Spain and Portugal. It consists of blocks of various sizes, which ignite on touching them with a lighted match as readily as the wick of a candle. These blocks burn with a pure and brilliant flame, giving out an intense heat. The patent tiring is entirely free from smell and from dirt ; in its ignition it somewhat resembles the Cannel' coal, but it is more powerful, more brilliatr, and more lasting. Unlike the generality of artificial fuels, it burns admirably in an ordinary grate. The following are the directions given by the patentee for the ordinary use of this fuel:—" Well cover the bottom of the grate with cinders, take three or four blocks of the firing, break them in pieces and distribute them over the cinders, then add more cinders or coal ; apply a lighted match, taking care that a draught through the tire be maintained. When the blaze has nearly abated. gently use the poker to increse it, and the result will soon be a red-hot and lasting tire. The gradual add ing a little coal, with a block or two of the latent, keeps this tire M perfect animation and brilliancy." We last night raw cinders and ashes, which would hive smothered any ordinary tire, completely consumed by the aid of the patent tiring. Another experiment was performed to show the utter imperviousness to water of the patent firing. Several blocks of it, which had been soaking for hours in a bucket of water, were placed on the tire; after the lapse of about a minute these blocks became completely ignited, and blazed away as freely as the others. The pa tentee informed us of an experiment which he had per firmed some days since. He had caused two fires to be laid and lighted at the same moment, one an ordinary coal fire, the other a fire of the patent fuel. A tea-kettle full of water was placed on each, and before the ordinary lire had kindled up the water on the patent tire was boiling. This property will render the patent tiring invaluable in steam navigation. These things, however, would be of little avail if the patent tiring could not compete in price with the ordinary fuel. In order to satisfy ourselves on this head, we inquired what would be the cost per day for keeping up a fire of patent firing in an ordinary drawing-room grate, aed the answer was, " Not exceeding sevenpence." It is also admirably adapted for culinary purposes—roasting, boiling, &c. For persona living in chambers it must be both a comfort and a saving. One farthing's worth of this fuel, which ignites in stantly, is sufficient to boil a kettle. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. Brighton harts., Mon., Pateham ; Wed., Race Course; Fri., The Dyke-11. Brookside harts., Mon., Newmarket-hill ; Fri., Telacombe Tye. Crawley and Horsham lids., Mon., Sowtield Heath ; Wed.. West Grinstead; Fri., F ox , Th ree tridges-10:M. Duke of Beaufort's lids., Mon. ' Trouble House; Wed., Yate Rocks; Thurs., Compton Bassett; Sat., Kingten Lar gley. Mr. A. Smith's lids , Mon., West Cholderton ; Tues , Stowell Lodge; Wed., Wherwell Wood; Thurs., Weyhill ; Fri. ' .Netheravon ; Sat., Spcery Well-11. Lord Yarborough's Ws., Mon., Aylesby Mill ; Wed., Lang mere Furze; Fri., Cleatbam-11. Sir Tatton Sykes's lids., Tues., Whinmoor Build; Wed., Galley Gap; Fri., Boville's Thorp, House-10%. Sherwood harrs., Tues., King's Mill; Fri.. Bolsover Moor-11. Mr. Meynell Ingram's hds., Mon., Foston ; Thurs., Ednas ton ; Sat., Illithbury-10% Donnington lids., Mon., Clipstone Village, Nottingham shire; Wed., Lady Wood; Sat., Redwood Gate-11%. Quorn lids., Mon., Alleston ; Tues., Bradgate Park ; Thurs., Barkby Hall ; Fri., ‘Vedmerspool Inn-11. Rufford lids., Mon., Kirklington ; Thurs., Ossington ; Sat., Park Hall, 10 3 4. Lord Galway's lids., Mon., Scrooby-bar; Wed., Headon Clump-101. Lord 11. Bentinek's lids., Mon., Langworth Bridge; Tues., Cainby Village; Wed., Tilhouse Beck; Thurs., Burton Ken nels-12 ; Sait., Wiekenby-11. Captain Candler's lids , Mon., Copcut Elm ; Wed., Grafton Wood ; Fri., Cotheridge. /Shropshire hds.,Thes., Sundome Castle ; Fri., Tunstall-1 Essex Union hds.,Tues., Rillondon Common ; Sat., Kennel. East Essex hds., Thurs., Mark's Hall ; Sat.. White Notley street. Badsworth lids., Tues., Seawsby-bar •' Wed., Grove Hall ; Fri., Walton Wood ; Sat., Havereroft-101. Whiston lids., Tues., Dinnington ; Fri., Kennel-101. Albrighton lids , Mon., Davenport House; Thurs., Middle ton llouse ; Sat., Whittamoors-10. llerefordshire lids., Tues., Berrington-101. Monmouthshire hds., Mon., Lanarth Court ; Thurs., Lan over Lodge-10. Montgomeryshire lids, Tues., Chirbury ; Fri., Park, near Caersws-10. THE ARMY. GENERAL ORDER. HORSE GUARDS, Nov. 8. At a General Court-Martial, held at Leeds on the let of September, 1845, and continued by adjournment to the 18th of the same month, Lieutenant William Augustine llvder, of the 10th Hussars, was arraigned upon the undermentioned charge, viz.:— " For conduct unbecoming the character of an officer and a gentleman ; for that he, the said Lieutenant William Augus tine Ilvder, bein ,, quartered, with his regiment at Ballin collig, aid, on or about the 17th day of October, in the year 1842, at Inchera, near Cork, and with intent to deceive his commanding officer, Colonel Vandeleur, endeavour to pre vail on Silvester Oliver, Esq., to lend Lim a horse to remain for two months at Ballincollig aforesaid as his second charger, he, the salt' Lieutenant Ilyder, proposing at the same time to the said Silvester Oliver, Esq., that no one should, during such two months, get upon the said horse." Upon which charge the Court came to the following decision : " The Court having maturely weighed and considered the evidence in suppott of the prosecution, together with what the prisoner has urged in his defence (and laying out of their consideration the letter addressed by Major-General Henry Wyndham to Colonel Vandeleur), is of opinion that he, the prisoner, Lieutenant William Augustine Hyder, of the 10th Royal Hussars, is Not Guilty of the charge pre ferred against him, and does, therefore, acquit him of the same. "The Court having acquitted the prisoner, Lieutenant William Augustine llyder, of the 10th Royal Hussars, of the charge preferred against him, cannot refrain from ani madverting in the strongest terms of disapprobation on the violent, coarse, and uncalled-for language which he, the prisoner, has had recourse to in his defence, in allusion to the character of Silvester Oliver, Esq." Iler Majesty has been pleased to approve and confirm the finding of the Court. Iler Majesty has been pleased to observe, that it appeared that after the assembly, and during a short adjournment of the Court, a civilian, the principal witness for the prosecution, did, in the presence, and with the acquiescence of Colonel Vandeleur, the prosecutor, destroy certain documents, which, at the instance of the prisoner, such witness had been duly required to bring with hint for production before the Court —one of such documents being a letter having reference to the subject -matter of the charge against Lieutenant nyder addressed on the 9th of May, 1845, by Colonel Vandeleur to the said witness; and her Majesty has been pleased to ex press her displeasure that Colonel Vaudeleur, hastily acting, as he declares, under an impression that these documents were not in a state fit to be produced in Court, and that the fair copies in his possession would be much better, should have acquiesced in a proceeding the impropriety of which must, on reflection, be obvious to him, notwithstand ing that Lieutenant Hyde'', having been acquitted, has not suffered prejudice; and notwithstanding that Colonel Van deleur had in Court, and was ready to produce a paper which he alleged to be a true copy of such letter; and as to the authenticity and truth of which Colonel Vandeleur, who wrote the letter, the clerk who copied it, and the witness who received it, might have been examined, if Lieutenant Hyder had thought fit so to do. Iler Majesty, however, has been pleased to remark, that much irrelevant matter appears to have been gone into, and more particularly that the character of a witness for the prosecution was irregularly and unjustly sought to be peached by examining witnesses to particular facts supposed to have taken place many years since, and unconnected with the matter before the Court; whereas according to esta blished law and practice, evidence to the general character of the witness for veracity was alone admissible;_ and further more, that witnesses were irregularly examined to contradict the evidence of that witness on matters totally irrelevant to the issue. The Commander-in-Chief directs that the foregoing charge preferred against Lieutenant William Augustine Hyder, of the 10th Royal Hussars, together with the finding of the Court, and her Majesty's confirmation thereof, be entered in the general order-book, and read at the head of every regi ment in her Majesty's service. By command of Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington, Commander-in-Chief. JOHN MACDONALD, Adjutant-General. UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW.—ELECTION OF LORD Rm.:Torr.—A statement appeared in the Citizen of Saturday. to the effect that the Free Church party in the University contemplate displacing Mr. Rutherford, M. 1?., from the office of Lord Rector. We have made inquiry into this report, and have authority to state, that no such attempt was ever con templated or entertained by the Free Church students, who have held no meeting in reference to the rectoral election at all. The placard which has appeared in the College, re commending the course to which the Citizen alludes, is ge ne.ally believed to be the device of an enemy.—Scottish Guardian. ARRIVAL OF Two CAMELS AT THE ZOOLOGICAL GARDEN a, REGENT'S-rARK.—On Thursday morning, two camels, one a male, the other a female, arrived at the Zoolo gical-gardens, in the Regent's-park. They arrived at Ports mouth a few days since, and were conveyed by railroad to London. The animals appeared perfectly docile. (hi their arrival they were conducted to their habitations in the Gardens. A NOTII ER SECEDER FROM OXFORD.—We are enabled confidently to state that another student of Christ Church, the Rev. Mr. Coffin, M.A., vicar of St. Mary Mug dalme, has resigned his preferments at Oxford, preparatory, it is said, to following his curate, Mr. Collyns, to Rome. (bonnet etandem ?—Church and Mate Gazette. t4INGULAR FIDELITY OF A DOG.—'l hUTSday after noon some boys and girls were playing near the canal in Britannia-fields, when one of them, Emily Seymour, slipped and fell into the water, and was about sinking tor the last time, when a large Newtimndland dog, the property of Mr. West, Lower-road, Islington, plunged into the water, and succeeded in bringing the child safely to shore. At first she was thought dead, but by the aid of a warm bath, acc.. she recovered. REPRESENTATION OF NORTH NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.— We regret to state that llenry Gaily Knight, Esq , is so se riously indisposed that but slender hope is entertained of his recovers. The Hon. Gentleman is confined to his bed, in Italy, in which country he has been sojourning some months. Should the melancholy expectations of his friends be veri fied, there will be a vacancy in the representation t f the north division of this county, and, fiom the state of the re gistration, the return of two Liberal members is very pro bable.—Nottingham Review. ~~~--- ...-- ioneP P7a 100 110 4 . 904 --__~ `' ':771