The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-17 00:00:00

L NE W S THRA'I O O ay were 6, d.; 400 PO O P; to 6id• , ; sd. to 'fr . 4 .-, A re e r lb. DP 44 lOUCeStert aunties, 1010,' d Wog ° lan .hs )itt0,. 14 „7 0 11 L °— d _ ; e7i ; n i n gban 3, 4; Berwick' .1 1 A scotw" 191. ; 991 d ; , hest' „ • Pa ris i; a nd P )11 : p d rls TOUr s '. lr - 4 s 4 D / ; t ng th e Pri str a. o p tido' „ e beis meeting, n. ,11, L roemo Ole a• two tis state _.; n. with r", Classes, too of prive , 0 l e beer, ° s pd appin e ! s 'i s 0 tive sod, er 'ye a Oil harder bourers f r whe n " r 7iii from growing s y ring to Pti cent. 00 r tiP the la ° as c os indUst r lio to r conwe' but vvl"' thee, s, u;c h - ycLoo s * 506 , 170 4 •••• 100 ."' • of.. — fig .... _ •••• 96 984 , 4 10° :( 1 - 73 Pi n ' 75 P. 1 . 1.1 75 P. o'clA cs. • 84 ,6 gga ▪ 5 3 4 ▪ id 3534!, •••• 62% , •98.1% ••• 98% -z yc Locic S BA 5 „," 4g ..... w 4 ...... 4% 5 4 . 1; .•••• to . to ; ...•... N ..i l ...... to .... ••"' . to ....... 4 . .... . r .. to • .... • .... to , ...... Igo ...... to 0 4o ...... ........ .. ..... to,. • ... 4 ••"" 0 / .r•• t o / 0 0 nt of je° eV. vfi l ley e ipr, 'j De ot' oupf 5, 51 '6lO l /1 tarte r re 1 i d op )uthP or ti 6 f IS 10 h bree°6 W id c . tUt' I " l OC , ;ter - 1. 00,, ;ilant , Tyr ll4l3 'd ht P g-- leis ha 3th i d iot 1351 P iee ni P4 4, vg 1- 4 tetnb e s o r t p , Ar e st e Q ue 7j,.,q 4 : )1 : or b In, PIP 0b 13'6. ger aoi ' 1 0 ,14 r ove be 54 't. Id t ct - t og oval MARKET NEWS.-(THIS DAY.) RAY MarLIEZTS. SMITUFIELD.—Coarse Meadow I.la 31 lOs to 4110 s; 10s U seful ditto, 4/ PS to 5/ ; fine Liand ditto, 5/ to , 1/ 8 s ; Clove r H ay, 4 1 103 to 6 1 6s ; Oat Straw, 118 s to Wheat Straw, 11 lO s t o 1/ 12s per load. Sup- Ply' but moderate, and trade firm. Useful di tto Me a dow Hay, 31 12 s to 4/12s; .. u , s ehll ditto, 4/ 14s to 51 ; fine Upland ditto, 5 135 to I t lis at 105 •, Clover Hay, 41 12s to 61 ; Oat Straw, 118 s to 11 't ;avNeVrage supply, falr heatStrav, 11 12s to 11 15s per load. and a steady demand. WRITE CEIAPEL.—Coarse Meadow Hay, 3/10s to 41 10s;. toUseful ditto, 41 1 2s to 5 1 ; fi ne U p l an d di t t o , 513 s to, 8 s ; Clove r H ay, 41 lOs to 6 / 10s ; O at S traw , 11 8s ; 11 10S j Wheat Stra w , 11 11 3 to 11 13s per loael. both cations. Hay and Straw move d o ff slowly, at our quo- HAILS MEAT DIAILIEET S. HAM, OCT. 16.—Prime Beasts and Sheep were Sady dem an d, at a tr ifli ng i m p rovemen t in their . In all oth er ki n d s o f s t uc k ver y little was doing_ f s from 2s 8d to 4s ; Mutton, 2s 10d to 4s ; Veal, f 32 4d t o 4s ; and Pork, 2s 6d to 3s 4d per Blbs. AttuNIAL, OCT. 15.—Although we had only a limited ' I 4 3 PIY of fat s t oc k on s h ow to -d ay, t h e genera l d eman d. „ w s in a sl ugg i s h state, at our quotations :—Beef, from Sd to 4s • Mutton, 3s to 4s 2d ; Veal, 3s 6d 1 18 ; and Pork, 2s 6d to 3s 6d per 81bs. ertICHESTER, OCT. 16.--We had a fair average suppilty of fat stock on sale this morning, while the trade v. as, on the whole, firm, and prices were well supported. B( ref, from :=s 8d to 4s ; Mutton, 3s to 4s ; Veal, 3s 6d , 4 ; and Po r k, 2 s to 3 s 6d per 81b s . Suck) lad 3 elileh si,lBsto 30s; quarter-old Store Pigs, 16s to .fos; ta c t '. Cows, with their Small Calf, 161 to la lOs SOUTHALL, OCT. 16.—With Beasts and Sheep we were Ze r ll suppli e d , t h e t i me of year considered, but the Inn n k? of Calves an d Pi gs were comparat i ve l y sma ll. E a c h .2nd of prime s t oc k was i n stea d y d eman d , at f u ll y l is t 7eek's quotations ; but in all other qualities only a 1 6 11 c ilited b us i ness was done, at late rates. Beef, from 2s 4 to 3s 10d ; M u tt on , 2s 8d to 4s ; Veal, 3s 4d to and Pork, 2s 8d to 3s 10d per Sibs. Supply .IjaSt s o 41 ; Sheep, 1,820 ; Calves, 50 • Pigs, 60. D - " ° MronD, OCT. 16.—F or mos t ki n d s ' of fat stock. the R uPPly of which was tolerably good, we had a fair in 28ir.Y, at full p r i ces. Bee f , from 2s 8 d to 4s ; M rttton, 10 d to 4s ; V ea l , 3s 4d to 4s ; and Pork, 2 s 10d I°_ as 8d per Sibs. Su c kling C a l ves , 18s to 32s ; quar ter-old Store Pigs, 16s to 20s ; and Milch Cows, with their Small Calf, 161 to 201 each. CORN AVERAGES. Forte AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH COHN i n Week ended Oct 12, 1614, made up from the Returns' of the Pfetor • in the differe, , t Cities and Towne in England ants Wales, Wi.44"teriPetial Quarter. Barley •""•••• 46s 3d I Oats ********* 6d 1 Rye 37s 10d I Pease ,.. 34s Od We t k e . AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIX WEEKS MHEAT. ,EARLEY.I OATS. RTE. BEANS. TEASE. 14 Sep t 7 .. ....... 58 11 35 9 20 5 34 4 38 1 33 10 21.7.... 4 5 11 35 11 20 1 35 9 37 S 31 6 .•• 28 .•••.. 45 3 35 6 2 0 5 35 7 37 3 33 1 ' Jc t. 5 . ""*" 4 5 9 34 5 20 5 37 3; 36 8 33 0 12 .... "••• 4 .1 1 33 9 20 6 37 51 36 8 3 3 5 ... "" so 3 33 6 61 37 10 ;36 11 34 0 A GGREGATE AVERAGES OF THE SIX WEEKS I ‘l o.l. I it yOatse a W a h ri e e a v t . 36i 41.1 Pea5e.........335. 7d. ..... 20s. 1:111T4 S ON foRIIGN CORN. Od. --Oats ..... ". Od. F Rye ..... 6F. 6d.1 Pease ......... 9 6d FLANDERS' MAIL AND DUTCH PAPERS. (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) i rg • Ti, — "GUE, OCT. 13.—The latest accounts from a la, state that in consequence of the extraordinary ,"Ircnlght, the rice harvest has failed this year in several *Part s theof Java. Thi s grain had also r i sen i n pr i ce , b ut report th at the Government had prohibited the ex- Portation is not confirmed. Some private letters speak of fai lure of the co ff ee cro p i n th e central parts of uar a a. llt hvraner, member of the Committee of Natural .4t°ls 7, has discovered considerable beds of coal in w r n eo, en the banks of the river Mertapoora, and like tse a very fine kind of iron ore. He has likewise a ereat 0 number of new and curious animals, and specimens Z atavii . 179 different kinds of timber, which are expected at Our British neighbours in India are now more and mor e sensibl e that the Netherlands Government makes C e at effort s t o suppress p i racy . Th e Pocla Penang azette announces that among others, forty persons, te nati ves of P enang , w h o h a d b een so ld as s l aves by h P ir ates, had b een restore d t o lib er ty and sent home. rhe esidents at Riouw and the naval officers, by Wh nsu means this was effected, have received the thanks °f the Governor-General of British India. aWe see from th e Ja va p a p ers o f last May, that our n turnissar Y Inspector has been appointed for Borneo, aPpointment hich is probably connected with the e vents that have lately taken place—the attack_ _o r n th e btwo English vessels, with the death of M . is...a - array in the river Koetie, the plunder of the Belgian is u h t lt Charles soon afterwards, and the expedition of our Is .'int Which punished the Sultan of Koetie by burning "Is Chief Kampong Tangarong. The country of Koetie it t t o Part of the residency o . f t t he , south -ea=t coast of r 4 e ° , and the Dutch Residen , who resides in Ban • gftroas s i, g . BT Enuam, OcT. 12.—We learn that in the last '' w of th e C entral Navigat i on C omm i ttee at Mainz, a t 0 as made by the Dutch Government entirely ° l l th e !"/ at least considerably to reduce, the duties TH E ir'g l ition of the Rhine. Paper ,F 4 ,, Q UE, OCT. 14.—We have received the Java that 3d and 6th of July, from which we hear C aptain 3 0th of June, the Dutch ship Kad Thiel, e' hevalier, sailed from Batavia on the annual i T n - Y:ge to J apan. A Dutch squadron, which had gone witl e l a t r i c h of Pirates to the south of Sambas, had met ei..h, l ta, and sunk one of their vessels, and captured tn b'• others, with their crews, which had been brought ~,,oarnbas /3Ru Ygst er a ssE lS , OCT. 19.—The King arrived from Ardenne T h e ay afternoon.Atoniteurpblishes the royal ordinance with the e:ez.etatl,liiokns,oafnthe import duties on machines, on certain Prin ted ou dyed or printed calicoes, or on dy at ° ,l. cluty on 11 d on white dyed embroidered, &c., tu e. white or unbleached calicoes is to remain as 104 j ;on dyed or printed calicoes, 325 francs per dyin oeg-arcahmednif. Silks unbleached, or half white, for Silkf h () I r P r intiny, to pay the same duty as at present. not eb yed, or printed, including foulards (but Per t • l bc) nds, which arc to pay as at present four francs in __ te tte n „, gr— "lne), 10 francs per kilogramme. Cotton importn aeture of French origin not to pay the additional lon g dutY for one year, nor those of the Zollverein, so ovas he treaty of the Ist of September, between the to Jeern treaty of shall be in force. French silks 44free from the increase of duty as long as the con " of the 16th July is in force, and those of the S epte e ni re b in till the expiration of the treaty of the Ist of ~.tictua B ELGIA N pe N r F c C en N t y , 3.—Baus 8 zLe, Om 14 Loan of Loan, Five per Cent. ........... Lean of Thirty Millions Four per Cent 98% '''......-___-"------------'. Three per Cent — _ ........._— Thirty-seven Milliens, ditto . ...... ---.....„_......... 1844 ............. ..................•••• 7 102 ----------------- (1840).......... Society af 1 4art of City , 1843, F . our — per Cent. .»••••»•»•«•«» Four and a Half 60% Bank of Belgium Five per Cent per Cent. Issue of 1841.. ' s ..., ...•.....•..• — ...Brusels P aper .... ;..bct . : 1 5. DUTCH FUNDS.—Amirrnanam, OCT. 14. Da 6 6 2 i Bine. Actual Debt, :1% per Cent 62;i 62 % onto, ditto 5 .. 99 % 100 ~. ~ . per cost. 99 11 CN ',: 1 ,1 4 t 0 t B ynd o ic,4i per cent 80% 90 1 i ‘. l , ditt er cent ... 147 147% Co Company, 4;i per cent. ran 1837 . _ 5 per cant -...... ..... 96% 1 3'.‘ Ith ange on London, Onemonth ......... 111 15 Two months.... l2 C 74 Hainburgh, One intnth ..... .... 35 64),. Dutch P a Two m0nth5......... 25 37% pers, Oct. 15. :10 to 12 to f2O to 20 to I) R b- ‘-cd ___ • - -- ADF UL — CONFLAGRATION AT BLACKWALL. k roke This Tno rning, ab ou t h a lf- past t h ree, a dreadful fire l ", av out at Bl ac k well, in the bar of the Britannia e rn, and spread with rapidity. The A, B, and D en g in es of th e b r i gade, the West of England, as also °ll ntY Fire Office, West India Dock, parish, &c., were 11°°11 brOUght to bear on the flames, but every exertion Pon the part of the firemen was useless, and very speedily e India House Tavern also shared the same fate rora thence the flames reached the Plough, the Arti clloke Ring's Arms, and George taverns, and by six numerous auxiliaries, kept continually throwing copious htreitoas on the burning mass, b not an im cold be ma d e till property to the amount of at erssion least lO Ma had been destroyed. By ten O'clock the destruc tio Was at an end, when an examination took place as to the origin of the fire, the loss of property, and names I . )f perso ns i nterested in the dreadful calamity. The fol ",.! 11 , may be r e li e d on as correct : Britannia Tavern —All destroyed. Phoenix Fire -office. India House T avern—Completely consumed. Insured 11:1 the Hand-in -hand -office. Plough Tavern— Lic e Roof, & c ., d es t roye d . Insured in the nsed Victuallers' -office. Artichoke Tavern—Roof, &c., destroyed. Insured in the Sun Fir e - o ffi ce. furin%intig;re 4 e s, Arms . Taver n —C ons i derably damaged. The , insured in the Union Fire-office. , n ion Fire- George Tavern—Furniture d amage d . I nsured i n the Tavern— Un ion l ilal Also tw o pri vate h ouse s —Furniture damaged by re °. , and neith er i nsured. It was not known how the fire originated, and the in mates had several narrow escapes. We - Insured in the are authorised to state, that her Majesty has bee n graciously pleased to appoint Monday, the 28th i st : , for the opening o f t h e N ew Royal Exchange. her l ime ty will enter the City a t T emple-bar at 12 o'clock. --- paWESTMINSTER-BRIDGE.—On Monday the carriage rrs f Westminster-bridge was closed for further re- By a recent Parliamentary return. it appears that from the year 1810 to 1838,a sumof 83,0971.6:-. 91d. wad expended in the repairs and alterations of the ge, together with charges for professional and other cervices. The cost since 1838 in the repairs and altera tions amounted to 82,6611, and a further sum was re quired of 52 ,8791., and if the footpaths were made the altu le aR Lo ndon -bridge, an additional sum of 40,0001. Would be expended. The total income of the property l onging to tha Commissioners of the Bridge is 7,4641. I.ls. Bd. a year. It will be seen that the sum expended Sears 18 38, and the further sum required amount in . six leara to upwards of 135,0001., whilst the income derived Ir( m) the property of the bridge in the period only il luAlllti IQ 44,7i74 100, SPORTING INTELLIGENCE , (RECEIVED THIS DAY.) NEWMARKET-WEDNESDAY NIGHT. CAMBRIDGESHIRE STAKES. 6 to -5 on Foig-a-ballagh 18 tfi') I agst The Cure t ..241 to 1 agst Evenus 1 agst Alarm—taken 1 agst Col. Peel's lot—t 1 agst Forth's lot—t 1 agst Sir G. Heath-1 eote's lot—taken 17 to 1 agst Kedger 25 to 1 agst Minikin c —3O to 1 taken 30 to I aptFitz-Allen—t 30 to 1 agst Connaught Ranger—t 33 to 1 agst Old England—t ENTRIES FOI 20 to 1 agst Golden Rule i2otolagst The Altered One 35 to 1 agst Black Prince—t '4O to 1 agst Pantasa—t 40 to 1 agst Lillah colt 1 50 to 1 agst Young Eclipse —taken 50 to 1 agst Clear-the•way 50 to 1 agst Laird o' Cock pen--taken 1,000 to 15 agst Flahowlagh —taken 1,000 to 10 agst Lycurgus THURSDAY. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each for two-yrs-old, winner to be sold for 40L, &c.:—Colt by Bentley, out of Emma — f by Caesar, out of Vienna—Richard Cricket, f by Horn sea, dam by Sultan—f by Caesar, out of Linnet—St. Do mingo, Miscellany. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each, winner to be sold for 3001., &c. :—Chatham, 5 yrs—Canton, 4 yrs—Ashtead Pet, 3 yrs—Walpole, 3 yrE—Physalis, 3 yrs—My Mary► 2 yrs, and Tawney, 2 yrs. Handicap Plate of 100 L, A. F.:—Minotaur, Bst 121 b Scalteen, 7st 121b—Johnny, 7st 101b—Needful, 7st 101 b —David, 7st B]b—Hyrcanium, 7st 81b—Revocation, 7st 81b—Naworth, ist 21b—Prosody, 7st 21b—Ashtead Pet, Est 101b—Souvenir filly, fist 101b—Young Lochinvar, Est 101b—Skeleton, 6st 61b—Plantaganct, 6st 41b—Cock fighter; 6st 101b—Coal Black Rose, sst 121b—Boarding- School Miss, sst 121b—Crosby, sst 21b—and Five's-the- Main, sst. The Ratan affair was again proceeded with this even ing, and again adjourned. ASSAULT ON A WIFE BY HER HUSBAND, AND ATTEMPTED SUICIDE. (Abridged from the Cheltenham Examiner.) On Saturday morning the neighbourhood of Mount pleasant was thrown into a state of great excitement, by a report that a man named Young, a coal-dealer, residing there, hail stabbed his wife and two children, and after wards attempted suicide by cutting his own throat ; the rumour spread far and near, and the house was beseiged by the populace, who used no very gentle language to wards the culprit, and the policemen stationed on the premises had some difficulty in preserving order among the crowd. In the afternoon the depositions of the in jured woman were taken, at the house, before W. Gyde, Esq. The husband, Richard Young, apparently about forty five years of age, was lying in bed with his throat ban daged up, quite sensible and collected ; ho took no notice of his wife when she came into the room, and took but little interest in the proceedings. The floor and bed clothes, and several of the articles, were spotted with blood. Mrs. Young deposed that her husband and herself had frequent disagreements together, and she had separated from him. Four days before the assault they had made matters up. On the Friday night they went to bed on very good terms. About four o'clock she was awoke by a blow in the bowels, and putting her hand to the spot, she felt the blood running from her. Her hus• band, who was out of bed, cried out, " Mother Young, Mother Young." She said, "Oh Richard, lam afraid you have killed me," and begged of him to get a light ; he did so, and went down stairs, leaving her in the dark. She ran into her son's room, calling " murder," and heard her son say, " Oh don't, father, dont't do it," or words to that effect. She then ran out of the home and into a neighbour's, who applied bandages to the wound and stopped the blood ; it bled very much. Henry Young slept in an adjoining room, and about five o'clock was awoke by his mother rushing into the room crying "murder." She told him to run into his father's room ; he did so, and found his father sitting on the side of the bed, and the blood running out of a great gash in his throat. James Spring, police-constable 37, deposed to being called in directly after the occurrence ; he found Young was lying on the bed,covered up in the clothes; he turned him on his back, and found his throat cut, and the knife produced lying beside him, the pen blade being open. Witness assisted the doctor to dress the wounds, and stayed in charge of the prisoner afterwards. He said, "Policeman, we are not our own keepers ; do you think I shall be transported ? I knew nothing of it till my wife cried out I am stabbed.' I then recollected all, and cut my throat, in hopes we might die together. I cut ray throat because I thought I had stabbed my wife." Mr. Henry Taylor, surgeon—On seeing Mrs. Young, and being told what had occurred, requested to examine the wound, and found it an incised one ; it was about half an inch in length and one -eighth of an inch in depth, and was just such a wound as would be caused by the penknife produced. It was not at all dangerous, but might have been serious. This being the whole of the evidence, and the prisoner declining to say anything in his defence, he was fully committed to the assizes. Mr. Superintendent Russell was bound over to prosecute, and the witnesses to give evidence. THE STATUE OF WILLIAM IV. Ths, beautiful pedestal, which is intended for the statue of William IV., was on Monday raised to its full elevation (25 feet), and in a few days the statue will be placed thereon. The site of the statue is most commanding, and will, when completed, not only form an excellent point of refuge at those immense thoroughfares, King William-street, Ar thur-street, and Gracechurch-street, but will also form an interesting ornament, particularly when seen from London-bridge. The statue itself has been already de scribed, and the whole will be erected under the direction of Mr. Chadwick, by whom also' the tasteful sculptural decorations of the pedestal have been executed. The column or pedestal is the frustrum of a cone, formed of large circular blocks of Hayter granite ; encircled at the lower part of the base is a massive, chastely sculptured, unique design of a chain cable. In the centre of the pillar is a noble Grecian scroll, and immediately beneath the capital is a circular wreath of oak leaves, with acorns In these designs there is splendour as well as novelty. COURT or ALDERMEN.—The following are the names of the Aldermen voting on the question of ad mitting Mr. Salomons, without taking the declaration: — Majority—the Lord Mayor, Lord Mayor Elect, Alder men Lucas, Sir P. Laurie, Farebrother, Kelly, Sir C. Marshall, Sir J. Pirie, Johnson, Sir G. Carroll, Hooper, Farncomb, Hughes-13. Minority—Sir J. Key, Alder men Humphery, Thomas Wood, Hunter, Challis, Sidney-6. Sir C. Hunter and Alderman Wilson left the Court before the division, or the majority would have been fifteen. ATTEMPT TO UPSET A RAILWAY TRAIN.-At Durham, on Monday, William Atkinson, a young man of respectable exterior, was charged with having ob structed certain carriages on the Durham and Sunder land Railway, and thereby endangered the lives of the passengers. It appeared that on the 4th of August, as the passenger train in the evening, from Hartlepool to Sunderland, was proceeding down Seaton-bank—a steep incline, two miles and a half in length—the conductor observed something lying across the rails. He applied the break, and this obstruction (which proved to be a bunch of railway keys) was safely passed over. Further along the line two similar obstructions were met with ; in one case two keys had been placed in an upright posi tion between the rails, and had not these been removed by the guard, who leaped from the train, there can be no doubt the carriages would have been thrown over on the incline, and many lives sacrificed. Near where the last obstruction took place, Atkinson was seen running along the line, and afterwards leaping over a hedge. He was pursued by the guard, and when he came up to him and asked what he was doing there, Atkinson replied he was going to take a sleep. He was removed to Sunderland. No other person was seen on the line, or near it, for the entire distance from Seaton to Sunderland. No motive could be assigned for the commission of such a heinous offence by the prisoner, or indeed any other person. It appeared that he had been compelled to leave the carriage at the junction which is near Seaton, when be wanted to be at Sunder- land, in consequence of having only taken a ticket to that place, and also that the servants of the company re fused to allow him to travel to Sunderland on the coal waggons after the train had left; both these circum stances seemed greatly to annoy him, but no threatening language was used by him. His counsel, Mr. Grainger, commented on the absence of motive for the commission of such an appalling crime, and suggested that it must have been perpetrated .by some discarded servant who harboured feelings of revenge against the proprietors. It was elicited in the course of the investigation that railway keys are laid about so loosely that any person may easily obtain them for the purpose of overthrowing trains, and also that the line is not watched by police men, at least only a small portion of it. The jury re turned a verdict of Not Guilty. INTERMITTENT FEVERS.—Dr. Crawford states that intermittent and remittent fevers are extremely prevalent in Upper Canada, whilst they are ♦ery rare in the lower division of the province. An extraordinary exemption from this class of fevers is also observable in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. At Annapolis, Windsor, and Fort Cumberland, in Nova Scotia, which are situated at the embouchures of rivers, daily expozed to exten sive inundations by the rise of the tide, where the banks for several miles exhibit a combination of mud, marsh, and decayed vegetation, so generally considered a prolific source of this class of febrile diseases—inter mittents and remittents are extremely rare ; and at Froderictown, in New Brunswick, situated on the marshy banks of a river, surrounded by a dense wood and luxu riant vegetation, these diseases are scarcely ever met with ; proving that, although, on •some occasions, cir cumstances of this nature may favour the development of this disease, its prevalence or existence is by no means a necessary consequence or concomitant ; while, on the other hand, this class of diseases has been very preva lent at Gibraltar, the lonian Islands, and Bermuda, countries which are destitute of marsh, and compara tively barren of vegetation.—Medical Times. A letter from Ilamburgh of the 4th says :—" Last Saturday all the persons engaged on the daily journal, the Correspondent Impartial de Hambourg, celebrated by a dinner the sixtieth anniversary of the entry of one of the compositors, named Hein, on the paper. During that long period he had nut missed his work a single day. He is now eighty-eight years of age, enjoys excellent health, and does his work like a young man. There were 220 persons present at the dinner, including all the master printers of the place. One of these gentle men, M. Bodecker, sent 100 pine-apples, 4001 b. of fine rapes, and an immense quantity of flowers for the Mist." i. ..... THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY EVENING OCTOBER 17, 1844. OPENING of the SPANISH CORTES. MADRID, OCT. 10. The Cortes were opened to-day by the Queen in person about one r.m. The royal cortege left the palace at a quarter before one, and passed through the Calle Mayor and other streets to the Priesta del Sol, and thence by the Calle del Arenal and Plaza del Oriente to the Senate, where the members of both chambers were assembled to meet her Majesty. Numerous carriages preceded that of the Queen, con taining the principal members of the household ; these were followed by the Infante Don Francisco de Paulo, preceded by two hussars as outriders; and, lastly, the Queen, with her mother and sister, preceded by a de tachment of the Maria Christina Hussars, and fol lowed by another detachment of the same troops, and a large body of lancers, the regiment of Curassiers completing the procession. The streets through which the procession passed were covered with tapestry and ornamentei The firing of 21 cannon announced the departure of the Queen from the Palace, and 21 more her entrance into the Senate. The deputations from the two Cham bers met her Majesty at the entrance to the Palace of the Senate. A special deputation from the Cortes accompanied the Queen-Mother, the Infante Luisa Fernando, and the Infante Don Francisco de Paulo, to the tribune reserved for them. Her Majesty, re ceived by the deputation from the Cortes, made her entrance into the hall accompanied by the Ministers and the officers of her household. The deputation from the Cortes remained at the steps to the throne. The Queen took her place on the throne, surrounded by the Ministers and the officers of her household and her ladies of honour. As soon as the Queen had taken her seat, the President of the Council of Minis ters, after having saluted the Queen's hand, presented the speech to be read on opening the Cortes. The Queen, after having read the speech, passed it to the Minister of Grace and Justice, who will have authentic copies made fur the two legislative bodies, and a copy for insertion in the Madrid Gazette. The President of the Council of Ministers approached to receive the Queen's commands, and proclaimed them in the following form :—" ller Majesty com mands me to declare that the Cortes for the year 1844 are legally opened conformable to the Constitution of the Monarchy." The Queen then descended from the throne, and quitted the hall. The firing of 21 cannon announced her departure, and 21 shots her arrival at her palace. The national flag was hoisted oa all the public buildings during the day. As the passage from the Queen's palace to the Senate is but short, it was determined, in order that the entire po pulation of the city might have an opportunity of seeing her Majesty, and in order to refute the calum nious reports in circulation respecting her Majesty's health, that, in place of following the direct line, the Queen proceeded by the Puerta del Sol. Troops wes stationed on the passage of the royal procession. The public were particularly curious to see for the first time the Civic Guard accoutred in a French costume, who figured in the procession. The organization of this new creation of gendarmerie is almost complete. One of the private letters states, that the speech from the throne is from the pen of M. Martinez de la Rosa. The following are the names of the members of the deputation who waited upon the Queen :—MM. Aloe Monucal, Sanjurjo, Blonco y Toja, Llander, Coira, Vasquez, Conga Arguelles, Pueja, Aspiroz, Arena, and Carriquiri. The Queen and her sister both looked pale and had a somewhat melancholy expression of countenance, indicative of a delicate state of health. Queen Christina, on the other hand, looked animated and much better that when she first entered Madrid. Her Majesty on taking her seat on the throne in :he Senate House delivered the following speech : " Senors, Senators, and Deputies, " I could not celebrate my birthday in and• better way than by assembling together on this auspicious day the Cortes of the kingdom, and by surrounding myself with the elected of the nation. " I ought also to congratulate myself for the benevo lent dispositions which the allied and friendly Powers continue to manifest towards me, among whom the Su blime Porte has felicitated me by means of an Extraordi nary Envoy, who has been received in these kingdoms in a manner befitting the ancient bonds that subsist between both States. " A serious event had happened which might have disturbed the peace which I ,so much desire to preserve with the empire of Morocco ; but considering the na tional honour to be compromised, before which conside ration all others ought to be silent, my Government made the fitting reclamations, and prepared itself to sup port it, if nececsary, by force of arms.' On this occasion I received a new proof of friendship on the part of my august allies, the King of the French and the Queen of Great Britain and :Ireland. Both one and the other Sovereign offered me their good offices, which I accepted in suitable terms ; and events becoming complicated up to the point of war breaking out between the empire of Morocco and France (a war terminated with such cele rity and glory by that Power), the British Government continued interposing its powerful influence with the greatest efficacy, in order to arrange our disturbances with that empire. This has fortunately happened. The basis of a treaty, in virtue of which Spain a ill obtain the satisfaction justly due to her, having been already agreed upon, my Ministers will present the said convention to you as soon as it is ratified in the proper manner. " They will also present to you, and in the earliest session, the project of constitutional reform—a most essential point—which my Government has already in dicated since the very convocation of the Cortes, and whose gravity cannot be hid from your illustration and patriotism. I promise myself that you will dedicate yourself with zeal to so important a work, since the least delay might occasion incalculable evils, frustrating the hopes of the nation, which desires to see the field of political discussion closed as soon as possible, and the institutions which are to rule it secured for the future. " In order to give more robustness and force to those institutions, it is necessary and urgent to endow the nation with organic laws which are in conformity with the Constitution, and facilitate its action and movement. For this reason I hope that you will contribute, in accord with my Government, to repair a fault which the nation is lamenting for many years. " If you effect the reform of the Constitution in a short time, and the planting of the organic laws which are its complement, your attention will be able to employ itself with more time and leisure in the examination of ad ministrative and economical improvements, which will have great influence in the wealth and prosperity of the people. " Anxious, as well as yourselves, that this important object should be attained, I have ordered my Ministers to present to you various projects of law upon adminis trative affairs. " With respect to finance, the first step towards esta• blishing order and concert in it has been the disembar rassing of the contributions and public revenues from the charges contracted during my minority, through the difficulties occasioned by the civil war and other lament able circumstances. The products of the revenues and contributions being united, it will be less difficult to apply them to the most peremptory necessities, while it is sought to establish the possible equilibrium between the income and expenditure, improving the tributary system on the one hand, and making opportune economy on the other. This is the best means to re-establish credit in a natural manner, for which end it is indis pensable to take into consideration the fate of the State creditors, both national and foreign. Order in the finances and good faith in the Government will afford them the best guarantee. " I have the most lively satisfaction in announcing to you that the army, after a civil war of seven years, and the political changes in which the bonds of obedience are always loosened, is, in fact, in an excellent state of dis cipline. The part relative to instruction has received the improvements which the advancement of the mili tary art reclaimed, and I have further sent Commis sioners of the scientific branches to foreign countries, in order that whatever is thought useful and fitting may be applied at once to the Spanish army. With the object of alleviating the budget, all the economies have been made which are compatible with the safety of the State, and the welfare of those who have shed their blood in defence of the throne and the laws. When the authority of the latter becomes strengthened by means of order in the administration, and the vigour of the civil authori ties, the force of the army may be diminished without danger; effecting both the advantage of restoring to their hearths many useful arms, and of the lightening of the budget of the contributions. "In the midst of the difficulties of the Treasury, I have fixed my particular attention on the navy, the re cord of so many glories, and object of so nsany hopes. The situation of the Peninsula and of the rich territories which Spain still possesses in various parts of the world, requires, under all conceptions, the creation of a power ful marine ; and as this must be the work of time, and of a plan followed up with perseverance, my Govern ment will make known to you the dispositions that I have taken directed towards that end, having aided at once by the only means within reach, to repair, as far as possible, so lamentable a fault. " The fundamental reform of the administration of justice also requires time. The conclusion of the new codes, which are far advanced, ought to serve as a cement to it ; my Government will dictate some useful measures in the meantime, to smooth the way to the desired re form. In this manner we shall go on establishing re gularity an d concert i n t h e var i ous b ranches of adminis tration ; and a lth oug h no f ew o b stac l es are to b e over come, a great d ea l may b e a d vance d i n t h e work com menced, recko n i ng on t h e ass i stance o f Di v i ne Provi favourable hle your disposition oyal oft co-operationite peopleand as s alsos assistanc e ~ a n , c e tiredan d o e enjoy o ) changestranquillity twheithemapnixreieotyt,thtoe an d disturbances, and repose under desire, laws, and the tutelar shade of the throne, contributing to the same end." At the audit of Earl Somer, held at Madresfield, on M onday week, his Lord s hip re t urne d 101. per cent • to his tenantry.— Worcestershire Chronicle. FRENCH RAILWAYS. (From the Constitutionnel.) A circular of the President of the Committee of Stock brokers recommends the members to abstain from all negotiations in reference to the railways which have re cently been adjudicated, until it receives the royal sanc tion. A Ministerial journal published the above cir cular this morning, accompanying it with a warning to the more ardent speculators. This is very well ; but there will be some difficulty in repressing speculation, which is the inevitable consequence of the system of financial companies adopted by the law of 1842. Spe culation was not r e l axe d w i t h regar d to promises of shares in the Bordeaux and Vierzon railways, and the jobbers are yet on the Bourse using the activity of cartesien atoms. We do not know if they profess to be stock-brokers, but t rue i t i s t h at prom i ses o f s h ares in the Bordeaux and Vierzon lines realise enormous pre miums to the profit of those men who are most conver sant with the usages and resources of the Bourse.. Without doubt these operations have no legal character any more than bargains for time, which, however, do not inspire the Committee with similar scruples. Although the circular of M. Courpon does not appear to us to produce a great effect upon the speculators, we think, however, that it would have been more proper to have published it on the Bth than the 12th ; that might, perhaps, have prevented some dupes from trusting, be fore the adjudications, to the promises of shares in a rival company, and of losing 10 per cent. upon the spe culation. Now this company seems to play, with regard to the Mackenzie Company,. the part of the fox in the fable of the "Fox and the Raven." In effect, all is not over with the adjudicated company. Many things re main to be arranged, and more than one detail may stop the confirmation. With regard merely to the sinking fund, how will it be fixed ? To redeem the capital in twenty-eight years will require a large reduc tion from the receipts, or else a combination, which the company does not seem to have agreed upon, and which M. Damon awaits with impatience. However, it may be the excluded companies are still in hope, and are using more means than one to carry off the prey from the pro visional conqueror. (From La Patrie.) M. Courpon, President of the Committee of Stock holders, has, by a special circular, recommended the members of the company to abstain from all speculation, in reference to promises of shares in railways. Why was not this circular published before the late adjudica tion ? It might have opened the eyes of some dupes of the second order. As to the speculators, they know what they are about, and it is perfectly useless to give advice to them. Besides, the three excluded companies from the late adjudication do notdespair of resuming their posi tion in the affair. It is said that the victorious company is sufficiently embarrassed respecting the redemption of its capital in the short and unheard-of space of twenty eight years. (From La Patrie of the 15th.) A report was current this afternoon on the Bourse, that two of the companies who had presented themselves for the adjudication of the Bordeaux Railway, had proposed to contest for the Vierzon line, in case the Minister, withholding his sanction to the adjudication made to the Bartholony Company, should make a new adjudication. (From the Paris Globe ) We frankly avow that we aro of the number of those who are astonished at the boldness of the company to , whom the Bordeaux Railway has been adjudicated. Until proof to the contrary , we believe ourselves to be I fully authorised by the most simple calculations to ex pect a reduction: of duration of near fourteen years of the lease; the chances of success are but little favourable to the operation. The National more penetrating, without doubt, than the general good sense, than the Government and the reporter himself, pretends to de monstrate that the term of the Mackenzie tender pro duces the identical results of the expose of the Minister of Public Works, as well as the estimate of M. Dufaure. In short, if the National is to be believed, the forty-six years of the Minister, the forty-one years of M. Dufaure, and the twenty-seven years of the company, arc in reality the same. " The calculations of the Minister and M. Dufaure," says this Radical paper, " were equally wrong, because they had both a basis equally wrong. Thus, the Minister and the reporter both admit that the company would expend a capital of seventy millions, whilst the capital necessary is only sixty-five millions. They both admit besides that the sinking fund must be of the entire capital, which is a palpable error. The capital will, in effect, be divided into two parts—two-thirds devoted to the laying down of the rails, and which will not be repaid, and one-third to the acquisition of material, and which will be repaid at the end of the term. Now, what is the object of a sinking fund ? The reconstitution of the expended capital. Therefore, since a third of the capital will be restored by the repayment, it evidently follows that the sinking fund need only provide for the two-thirds which will not be repaid." If ever the National has been an imprudent and dan gerous friend it is now. In desiring to prove too much it compromises that which it seeks to defend, and raises arguments to answer itself. It is true, as it pretends, that a third of the capital is devoted to the acquisition of material, but it is not true that this third is to be re• imbursed to the company. No one is ignorant, except the National, that this reimbursement is never made upon the original price ; we know on the contrary, that at the end of the term the company receives only, as a valuation of old materials, what they may be declared entitled to—that is to say, after a reduction of fifty per cent. at least. In adopting, then, this fifty per cent., as the amount of reimbursement for the company, it will be seen that a sixth only of theentire capital escapes the necessity of a sinking fund. Until the most ample explanations on the part of the Mackenzie Company, we are warranted in expressing our doubts upon the advantages of its operations. We will add, that it is impossible that this company can fix its sinking fund upon a higher rate than one per cent., as has been established in tne report of the Commission. Now, by the system of annuities, we only reimburse, at the end of twenty-seven years two hundred and seventy days, a capital of forty-four millions (according to the calculations of the National), and not the total sum of sixty-five millions, from which it is true would have to be deducted seven or eight mil lions paid by the State under the head of reimbursement of material. We sincerely wish that the Mackenzie Company may be able to furnish in this respect the ne cessary explanations. We are, as it is well known, far from being opposed to the system of companies, but becomeare also desirous th a t th ese com panies may never the subject of ultima'm embarrassment to the State, and on this head we wili quote the words of M. Dufaure, in hisre l p B o 4 r 4 t ), up r o el n at t i h y e e r t a e il t w ne ay ß f a ro rr m y Ocreleniapny, n a sto Taurs (ses sionwhich pre sented itself in competition with the Drouillard Company : —" We ought, gentlemen to receive with some dis trust the advanta ges w hi c h are promised to us by the competition excited between the applicants for conces sion of railways. We know the results which have been already produced. It is because the Government and the Chambers had too favourably listened to them, that the two sessions of 1839 and 1840 have been employed in affording aid to so many companies who were on the verge of ruin—in discharging some from the terms of their contract ; in dispensing others from onerous obli gations which they had themselves incurred. The dis credit which has attached for so long to all railway pro jects has, perhaps, had no more direct or powerful cause than that which we have just referred to.' THE MANCHESTE R R E GISTRATION.—The labours of the revising barristers of this division of the county are closed, and the following is the result, as far as the Manchester polling district is concerned :—Objections by Conservatives, 550 ; struck off the list, 404. Objections by the Leaguers, 1,355 ; struck off, 215. Gain upon objections to Conservatives, 189. New claims by Con servativt s, 1,015 ; allowed, 756. New claims by Leaguers, 1,898 ; all owe d , 1,189. Leaguers gain upon new claims, 443. Deduct from this number 189 gained by Conservatives on objections, makes a total loss to Conservatism of 244. - - DR. WOOLF.---rhe German papers received yester day contain a letten, dated Constantinople, September 25, relative to this enterprising traveller. It would not deserve notice after the important communication which appeared in The Sun, of Monday, if it did not state that the Ameer, who, according to Dr. Woolf's letter of June 27, was then at Samarcand, had returned, and manifested great kindness to the doctor. We therefore presume that the information, whatever may be its authority on which this letter was written, must have been of later date than that transmitted by Dr. Woolf from Bokhara. The following is a translation :—" Constantinople, Sept. 25.—The most recent accounts from Teheran speak again so mewhat more favourably for our countryman, Dr. Woolf. The Emir, of Bokhara, after his return from Samarcand, sent for Dr. Woolf, gave him a very good re ception, presented him with 100 pieces of gold, a horse, iandn Nevertheless,t g h a e v e , him permission people in Teheran permission to commence and strongly suspected that the Emir wou ld cause the missionary to be over taken and murder ed on his j ou rney. Of his actual de parture we have y et no intelli gence. It seems he was waiting until the Pe rsian embassy, then in Bokhara , ahh kaftan his return li ttl e o confidence o honour,in hh journey . should set out. Should he succeed in joining it, his safety may bo regarded as secured." A curious delusion appears to have prevailed for centuries amongst the inhabitants of the Isle of Wight with regard to a royal residence being established in it. The general impression was, that, in the event of the Sovereign sleeping a night on the island, all claim to the territory was forfeited by the British Crown. This delu sion appears to have been favoured and encouraged by the course adopted by Icing George the Fourth, who, when he was in the habit of visiting Mr. Nash, the architect, at East Cowes Castle, as Prince Regent, always slept on board the Royal George yacht, anchored in the roads, and, subsequently, after his accession to the Throne, when the Manor House was v purchased, and fitted up as a royal residence, and called the King's House, he was never known to pass a night under its roof. So popular had this absurdity beccme, that many people in Cowes might be found at this moment, who really believe that her Majesty passed the night on board the yacht, but that, for obvious State reasons, the fact is not avowed. Hcw this delusion could have continued, after King Charles's captivity in Carisbrooke Castle, is astonishing ; but the natives account for that by pointing to his unhappy end. THE LATE DUCHESS OF MARLBOROUGIT.--loly the demise of the above estimable Duchess the families of the Earl and Countess of Galloway, the Honourable Captain Keith Stewart, R.N., the Hon. E. and Lady Katharine Stewart, Lady Charlotte Crofton, Lady Eliza beth Inge, Lord and Lady Churchill, &c., are placed in mourning. THE BOOK OF THE SEASON._Shortly will be published, handsomely bound in ca lf, " The M y steries of London." The first number will be filled with an account of the election of Alderman Gibbs as Lord o h f la t y h o e r. The Alder econ m s and d ur w in i g ll g hi iv s e ch fa u c re si Stephen", Witthreeh.—Punch. h m w il ar es d o e f ris t p receipts . LITERATURE. QUARTERLY REVIEW. No. CXLVIII. Murray, London, 1844. The hackneyed subject of Horace Walpole and his peculiarities —a favourite hobby which the Quarterly Review has well nigh ridden to death—is again re ferred to in the Number before us. The critical re marks on the most recently published correspondence of this prince of letter-writers—that, namely, with Sir Horace Mann—though the Reviewer has evidently taken more than ordinary pains with them, are as un sound as they are captious; but indeed the whole ar ticle is characterised by a spirit of petty sarcasm and bitterness that sufficiently indicates the workshop whence it emanates. "As to the letters contained in these last volumes," says the Reviewer, " they cer tainly exhibit a new feature in Walpole's correspon dence. Such is the fertility of the writer's genius, that the wind-up of two thousand letter is marked by an absolute novelty; they are, as compared with all their predecessors, dull—downright heavy—hardly readable without an effort." On the contrary, the correspondence in question is perhaps the most inte resting that its author ever penned. True, it has not the smartness and mere verbal felicity of the earlier series ; but it is full of worldly sagacity, of philosophic observations, and gives evidence in places of a tender sensibility which few would give Walpole credit for possessing. " Passages in the Life of a Radical" is a notice of a little work published about two years since by a weaver named Bamford, who made himself conspicuous in the north by his advocacy of the prin ciples of " Orator Hunt," about the period of the me morable Manchester massacre. The article is chiefly interesting from the number and variety of its ex tracts; and towards the close the Reviewer impres sively warns the higher and middle classes how they persist in alienating the affections of the masses by their assumption and habits of jealous isolation. The remarks on " Stanley's Life of Dr. Arnold" are penned in a temperate and even eulogistic spirit, as regards the sturdy-minded historian of Rome, which we scarcely expected to meet with in this periodical. " Arnold,' observes the Reviewer, " was a remark • able man—a man of a character rarely met with now, who united the simOcity and heroism of a past gene ration with the practical energy and inquiry of our own—a man truly English in his noblest points, and yet tempering the stern rigour of the English cha racter with a reflection and an amiability which rather belong to the Greek or the German mind. He will strike those who study him more closely as a complete character—complete in its union of moral and intellectual gifts, and in the steady growth and development of both." There is no exaggeration in this portrait. Dr. Arnold was indeed a man of su perior energy of character, the ardour of which was in a great degree tempered by the meek spirit of the Christian. As an instructor of youth, who had the rare ability of drawing forth the intellectual powers of his pupils, and making himself respected as well as beloved by them, he shone without a rival, and during the whole period of his management of it, no great public school—not even Eton—stood higher than Rugby. He had much of Dr. Parr's scholar. ship without any 'of his pedantry and assumption, and would—had his life been prolonged—have become one of the leading spirits of his age. As it is, he has left a reputation that is not likely to be diminished by years—more especially as an historian, a department in literature in which the fearless and inquisitive turn of his mind enabled him to exhibit himself to signal advantage. " Diaries and Correspondence of the First Earl of Malmesbury" takes a rational and un prejudiced view of the diplomatic talents of this over rated statesman, who in a few years will be as much forgotten as if he had never lived. From a " Report on the Treatment of Lunatics" we quote the follow ing curious passage : "It was during the Reign of Terror, and while all France laboured under a new form of insanity, that the idea was first conceived of setting loose madmen from their bonds. The good and wise physician, Pinel, seems to have been struck with the injustice of keeping his patients chained in the dungeons of Bicetre, while so many hundreds of his countrymen, more mischievously distracted than many of them, were at large to work the bloody frolics of the revolutionary phrenzy. There were at that time upwards of 300 maniacs chained in the loathsome cells of the horrible Bedlam of France. Pinel formed the resolution of setting them free from their strict restraint, and he entreated permission of the Commune to that effect. Struck with the novelty of the enterprise, at that time a sufficient recommendation before any assembly in France, the Commune listened to the proposal, and deputed one of their body, the notorious Couthon, to accompany the physician to the spot, and judge of the propriety of carrying his under taking into effect. They were received by a confused noise—the yells and vociferations of some hundreds of madmen, mixed with the sounds of their clanking chains, echoing through the damp and dreary vaults of the prison. Couthon turned away with horror, but he permitted Pinel to pursue his enterprise. The philanthror ist re solved speedily to liberate fifty of the number by way of experiment, and he began by unchaining twelve of the most violent. The account of his proceeding has been recorded by his nephew, Scipion Pinel, in a lively narra tive, which was read before the Academy of Sciences. The first man set at liberty was an English captain. He had been forty years in chains, and his history was for gotten by himself and all the world. His keepers ap proached him with dread : he had killed one of their comrades by a blow with his manacles. Pinel entered his coil unattended, and accosted him in a kind and con fiding manner, and told him that it was designed to give him the liberty of walking abroad, on condition that he would put on a waistcoat that might confine his arms. The madman appeared. to disbelieve ; but he obeyed. His chains were removed, and the door of his cell was left open. Many times he raised himself and fell back; his limbs gave way; they had been ironed forty years. At length he was able to stand, and to stalk to the door of his dark cell, and to gaze, with exclamations of wonder and delight, at the beautiful sky. He spent the day in the enjoyment of his newly-acquired privilege; he was no more in bonds ; and during the two years of his further detention at Bicetre, assisted in managing the house. The next man liberated was a soldier, a private in the French guards, who had been ten years in chains, and was an object of general fear. His case had been one of acute mania, occasioned by intemperance—a dis order which often subsides in a short period under absti nence from intoxicating drinks, unless kept up, as in this case, by improper treatment. When set at liberty, this man willingly assisted Pinel in breaking the chains of his fellow prisoners: he became immediately calm, and even kind and attentive, and was ever afterwards the devoted friend of his deliverer. In an adjoining cell there were three Prussian soldiers, who had been many years in chains and darkness : through grief and despair they had sunk into a state of stupor and fatuity, the fre quent result of similar treatment, and they refused to be removed. Near to them was an old priest, harmless and patient, who fancied himself to be the Saviour of the world. When taunted by his keepers, who used to tell him that, if he was Christ, he could break the heavy chains that loaded his hands, he replied, with solemn dignity, Frustra tentaris Dominu:n tuum. After his re lease he got rid of his illusion, and recovered the sound ness of his mind. Within a few days Pinel liberated fifty-three maniacs from their imprisonment. The result was beyond his hopes. Tranquillity and harmony suc ceeded to tumult and disorder, and even the most fero cious madmen became more tractable. This took place in 1792; and the example of Pinel was followed in various parts of France.' MEMOIRS OF EMINEIV T ENGLISHWOMEN. Vols. 111. and IV. Bentley, London, 1844. Foremost amongst these Memoirs, we find a life of the celebrated Duchess of Marlborough, wife of the great Whig General, who was certainly one of the most remarkable women that ever existed in any age or country, and ruled her heroic husband in quite as despotic a spirit as she ruled her Queen. Yet, despite the almost sovereign authority she exercised for so many years over the councils of the nation, raising and depressing Ministers of State at her pleasure ; despite, too, the fact that her ambition was gratified in almost every respect, the life of the Duchess was, on the whole, an unhappy one ; calm, sober, ra tional enjoyment, she seems never to have known ; the husband she loved and reverenced she kept in a constant state of hot water by her irri table, capricious temper ; and even in the midst of her greatest political triumphs :she appears to have been constantly haunted by a dread of reverses. Towards the close of her chequered career, when her rule as the royal favourite was at an end, she fell into a state of spleen and melancholy, and in her last moments expressed satisfaction that the time of her release was come. The Memoirs of this illustrious lady afford another striking illustration of the fact that ambition, no matter how successful it may be in all its projects, is wholly unable to confer true or lasting happiness. The portrait of the Duchess, which is prefixed to her life, conveys a very accurate idea of her character ; she looks just the scornful, irritable, imperious beauty, who can never be satisfied with anything short of universal homage and obedience. The lives of the unfortunate " Stella and Vanessa"--the victims of the heartless pride and treachery of Dean Swift—are written by Miss Costello in the most just and feeling spirit. We could have wished, however, that she had spoken of the conduct of the Dean in stronger terms of reprobation, and represented him, as he really was, as one of the most callous scoundrels that ever broke the hearts of two fond and trusting women. Nor was this wanton cruelty perpetrated in the heat and thoughtless passion of youth, for Swift was thirty years of age, and a thorough man of the world, when be first became acquainted with Stella, and upwards l ous of forty when he was first introduced to the credulous Vanessa. From the Mem oirs of Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, we quote an amusing Court anecdote re ferring to herself , but related by her in the third ' pers on Sh e: h a d on one evenin -, a p a rticular engag th a t made her wish to be ement 'dismissed unusually early ; she explained her reasons to the Duchess of Kendal, and the Duchess informed the King, who, after a few complimentary remonstrances, appeared to acquiesce. But when ho saw her about to take her leave, he began battling the point afresh, declaring it was unfair and per fidious to cheat him in such a manner, and saying many other fine things, in spite of which she at last contrived to escape. At the foot of the great stairs she ran against who stopped her t o Secretary Craggs just coming in, inquire what was lie matter ? Were the company put off ? She told him why she went away, and how urgently the King had pressed her to stay longer ; possibly dwelling on that head with some small complacency. Mr, Craggs made no remark; but, when he had heard all, snatching her up in his arms as a nurse carries a child, he ran full veed with her up stairs, deposited her within the ante-chstrnber, kissed both her hands re spectfully (still not saying a word), and vanished. The pages seeing her returned, they knew not how, hastily threw open the inner doors, and, before she had re covered her breath, she found herself again in the King's presence. AL! la re-voill cried he and the Duchess, extremely pleased, and began thanking her for her obliging change of mind. The motto on all palace gates is Hush!' as Lady Mary very well knew. She had not to learn that mystery and caution ever spread their awful wings over the precincts of a Court; where nobody knows what dire mischief may ensue from one unlucky syllable blabbed about anything, or about no thing, at a wrong time. But she was bewildered, flut tered, and entirely off her guard; so, beginning with Oh, Lord, Sir ! I have been so frightened t s SZa told his Majesty the whole story exactly as she would have told it to any one else. He had not done exclaim • ing, nor his Germans wondering, when again the door flew open, and the attendants announced Mr. Secretary Craggs, who, but that moment arrived, it should seem, entered with the usual obeisance, and as composed an lir as if nothing had happened. Mais comment done, Monsieur Craggs,' said the King, going up to him, est-ce que c'est l'usage de ce pays de porter des belles dames cumme un sac de froment ?" Is it the customiof this country to carry about fair ladies like a sack of wheat ?' The Minister, struck dumb by this unex pected attack, stood a minute or two not knowing which way to look ; then, recovering his self-possession, an swered with a low bow, There is nothing I would not do for your Majesty's satisfaction.' This was coming off tolerably well ; but he did not forgive the tell-tale cul prit, in whose ear, watching his: opportunity when the King turned from them, he muttered a bitter reproach, with a round oath to enforce it ' • which I durst not re sent,' continued she, for I had drawn it upon my self ; and, indeed, I was heartily vexed at my own im prudence.' " JOHNSON'S TOUR IN IRELAND. Highley, London 1844. Of the numerous works on Ireland with which the press has teemed for the last dozen years and upwards, this, if not one of the soundest, is certainly one of the most entertaining. It is written in a pleasant, good natured spirit, approaching at times to genuine humour, and has the recommendation—so rarely to be met with in a work on the sister country—of being utterly free from anything like religious or political prejudice. Doctor Johnson, the author, saw and observed for himself, without reference to the opinions of others ; and gives expression to his own views of things in a spirit of the most laudable moderation and impartiality. His account of the famous monster meeting on the hill of Tam, at which he was present, and which he assures us was attended by upwards of three hundred thousand individuals, is one of the most diverting epi sodes in his volume. LIFE IN ATHENS. Painter, London, 1844. The little work before us is a translation from the German of Von Wessenberg, and professes to give an account of the character of life in Athens in the palmy days of Pericles, and, moreover, to illustrate the spirit of ancient and modern democracy. The work consists of a series of dialogues—more re markable for staid good sense than point or bril liancy—in the course of which the different speakers discuss the administration of Pericles, the Socratic wisdom as compared with that of the Sophists, the nature of the Eleusinian Mysteries, and various other masters which, we fear, will be caviare to the gene rality of readers. There is some show of scholarship in the book, and occasionally we come across a graphic descriptive passage. MISERIES OF A NEWSPAPER EDITOR. What a life is that of a newspaper editor! How numerous, how varied, how onerous his duties ! He must have under his eyes all events, of all different kinds, that have passed, that are passing, and that are expected to pass, in every quarter of the globe. He must have his intention concentrated, at one and the same time, on the weather, on the crops, on agricul ture, on markets, accidents, offences, crimes, ship wrecks, railways, births, deaths, marriages, courts of law, police-offices, the state of the Church, and the state of the Stocks, the proceedings of politicians and the proceedings of the swell mob, the blowing up of steam-boats and the blowing down of chimneys. There is nothing, in short, too great to come under his notice, or too small to elude his grasp. Regularly, and day by day, is he under the necessity of ferreting out and chronicling, for the benefit (?) of his fellow-beings, all and sundry the transactions of this lower world, from the fall of a leaf to the fall of a kingdom, from the lopping of a limb to a full, true, and particular account of the last bloody murder. But, not only is this unfortunate in dividual supposed to see everything, but likewise to know everything, and to be able to do everything. He is understood to be well informed upon, and able to answer all sorts of questions upon all sorts of subjects—on law, on political economy, on his tory, on statistics, on arithmetic, on algebra, on mathematics, on geology, on theology, on my thology, on chronology, on chronohotonthology. By the public at large he- is regarded as a sort of " standing counsel" in all cases of difficulty. If a man wants to know the date of any historical event, what does he do ? Ile writes to the editor. Has he any doubt about the authenticity of any particular piece of civil, religious, or philanthropic intelligence, what does he do ? He writes to the editor. Does he want to know how Mr. So-and-So, the Parliament man, voted on such and such a question, when it was, why it was, and under what circumstances it was that he so voted, what does he do ? 'Why, he writes to the editor as a matter of course. To whom else would he, under any circumstances, ever so much as dream of making application ? We have said,: that this:un fortunate personage is supposed to see everything, to know everything, and to be able to do everything. But there is yet another call upon him, and that, perhaps, of a harder kind than all the three put together. Like the man that carried the donkey, he is under the necessity of pleasing every body. NVe put it to our intelligent and dearly-beloved Caledonian cousins whether it does not consist with their knowledge that almost every man, without exception, who takes up a newspaper expects that paper to be written solely and exclusively for himself, It is to be his paper and his alone. He expects to find in it everything which he wants. He is displeased if it contains anything else, or of a different character than what he requires. The ancient maiden lady, who complains that there are in the newspapers such dull things as grain mar kets, cattle-shows, and cures for the caterpillar, never once thinks that the editor may have among his subscribers some few hundreds of six-feet farmers, to whom such information may be of the most material consequence ; nor does the farmer, who finds fault with the gossip that he sees about the great vulgar and the small ever consider that to the an tiquated mademoiselle these are the oniy tit-bits of the affair. The public-house reader, who finds fault with the love stories, and the poetry, and the other little sentimentalities in a newspaper, remembers not, that to a large class of juveniles oeboth sexes, from 15 to 25, such things are almost the only ones about which they may care a straw : nor does it ever come into the mind of the love-lorn maidens or the smart young gentlemen who turn up their noses at the vul garity and commonplace of the police intelligence , that, without such things, to the public-house reader a newspaper would be a body without a soul. The father of a family, who complains of the scandal and tittle-tat tle, and many other little odds and ends that occasionally be brought before the public, forgets that such things form the staple of the grim old bachelors ; nor do the sinful fraternity last mentioned, who find fault with the moral paragraphs, and the notices of sermons, and the reports of religious societies which occasionally appear on the broad-sheet, call to their recollection that, in the eyes of the many, such things are the very gems of a journal. In short, the reader of a news paper, through some unaccountable fatality, for the time forgets that there is, in rerum natura, any other being than himself. He is an exclusive, a monopolist, alone in his glory, the only living, sentient, existent being on the face of.this fair and newspaper reading world. Reader ! have you yet fixed upon a .profes sion ? If not, never once think of becoming an editor. Beg—take the pack—keep . lodger—take up a school—set up a mangle—take in washing. For humanity's sake, an especially for your own, do any thing rather than become a newspaper editor. — Glasgow National. DEATH BY DROWNING AT LANEsBOROUGH. — On Saturday morning last, about nine o'clock, five men em ployed by Messrs. Sykes and Brookfield, contractors for the Shannon improvements, were returning to their work after breakfast, in a small boat; some tricks were played between the persons on shore and those in the boat; there was a stone throw n b y a man named Kelly,when all the persons in the boat ran to one side, and she upset; three that could swim reached the shore, and two, one named Ratigan, and the other, named Murphy, both young men, were drowned. When the news reached the police barracks, Constable Ramsay, and Sub-Con stable BrCretoll, after much difficulty, procured a boat, but being delayed in procuring oars in sufficient time, they had reached within a couple of perches of th e drowning persons, when the streampolice carried for their them away, and the unfortunate me n s u nk t o rise no more. Too much efforts was ins ve cannot h unfortunately b unsuccessful, to s save e given tothe t ap l lr i t e a l m lios . ueg On being taken up medical assistance at tendance, but to no effect life was extinct Next day there was a coroner's inquest, when the jury returned a verdict of " Accident a l d eat h b y drowni Journal. ng:"—Longford DURUA:II SCIIOLARSIIIP.—RaIph Lindsay, Esq., Solicitor, of London, and a native of Durham, is about to found a scholarship in the university of the latter city, of the annual value of 401. It will be tenable for three years by boys, who must have been two years at Dur ham,—Tyne Mercury. ANOTHER COAL-PIT EXPLOLSION FURTHER PARTICULARS. 7 NEWCASTLE-UPON-TYNE, TUESDAY.—Another L2 c4 ," liery explosion has ooeurred in this district, by whict: five persons have been injured, two of whom are not expected to live. The explosion occurred at Coxlodge Colliery, about two miles from this town, last night, during what is called the " shift." The colliery belongs to Messrs. Bell, Brandling, and Co., an d t h e un d ergroun d woi kings are extensive. As, fortunately, no lives have been lost, the circumstances under which it occurred have been clearly ascertained. Before recording the facts gathered from personal inquiry, it may be well to give the account furnished by , the organs of th e pi tmen in this town. Mr. Feargus O'Connor and Mr. Beasley, the latter of whom acts as clerk to Mr. Roberts, " the pitmens' attorney-general," visited the colliery thi s after noon, and, soon after their return, a printed announce went was made from the office of the Miner's Advocate, stating the circumstance thus :--, " As far as we can gather the facts of the ease are as follows :—James Anderson and William Collins, two shifters, being done with their work, John Brown, t i , ity, requested them to help him to get some tram .*,, 'es out of the a s it was likely to fall • t :vith him, but had . to return . on account of tram they I ; i; -; n. ve,. :rlting—(that is, creeping or heaving). the ' goaf' ild him to take his candle back, as g?af . ' fell. The deputy then James Anderson I, the stenting, and there he there was danger if the pit. The said went and tried his candle au ho has been brought allowed the gas to ignite and fire the late strike, got John Brown, the deputy, is a man 1.: rable means, up to the plough, and who, during the . the into the favour of the masters by dishono... l and, to say the least of it, the entire cause explo sionot- is attributable to him, he nut knowing his die.ty- The same account states that this is the third time this pit has fired within a month, and on each occasion has roved fatal to a few. FIELD SPORTS.—For several days, within these two last weeks, the hills and dales of Auchans have been the scene of as choice sport_ by as choice a party, as any son of Nimrod could delight in his heart to meet with. Sir Charles Lamb, the Duc de Coigney, Lord Seymour, Major Campbell, Captain Petat, and several other guests of distinction at Eglinton Castle, accom panied by the Earl of Eglinton and Winton, all in -- shooting graith adorned, While pointers round impatient burned, Free couples freed" — have been awakening the echoes of the sylvan haunts and well-preserved covers of Dundonald and Auchans, with the animating din of "dog and gun" to great pur pose. On the 2d inst. no fewer than 343 rabbits fell bee tore their unerring aim. On the 4th, Sir Charles Lamb and the Duc de Coigney alone bagged 65 head of hares, partridges, &c. ; and on the Bth, not fewer than 100 hares, besides 29 head of the feathered race, were brought down by the " mortal triggers" of the party. On one of these days the Earl of Eglinton shot a fine strong woodcock, which is the first we have heard of this season.—Ayr Observer. MGT,' TlDE.—Yesterday morning, at high tide (25 minutes past four o'clock), the Thames overflowed many of its low-lying embankments on both sides of the river, above and below London-bridge, occasioning loss and serious inconvenience to the occupiers of several river• side premises, whose cellars, kitchens, &c., were flooded. At high tide the depth of water at London bridge was twenty-eight feet seven inches. The late heavy gales are supposed to have caused the high rise of the river. FATAL ACCIDENT AT THE EDINBURGH AND GLAS GOW RAILWAY.—EarIy yesterday morning, one of the workmen at Cowlairs lost his life, while connecting a carriage to one of the trains, having been jammed betwixt the buffers of the two carriages. When the accident occurred, a carriage was dispatched to the station for medical assistance, but the peor man's death was almost instantaneous, owing to the force with which the carriages came into collision. Ho has left a wife and young family.—Scottish Guardian. Lord Ashley, the Dowager Duchess of Beaufort, Lady Charlotte Penrhyn the Bishop of Salisbury, Dowager Lady Carnegie, Sir E. Parry, Sir R. C. Glynn, Bart., and the Hon. G. Ryder, have liberally contri buted a fund for the formation of a gipsey school esta blishment at Farnham, Dorset, with the view of edu cating that neglected wandering race of people. Lord Ashley has taken very active measures to establish this novel school, at which seminary it is intended that the children shall be instructed with every regard to the re ligion of the Etablished Church. It is to be ,sincerely hoped the experiment of reclaiming the youthful mem bers of that tribe, by affording them the means of intel lectual instruction, will succeed. FASIIIONAULE MOVEMENTS AT BRIGHTON.—Chief Justice Doherty has arrived at the Norfolk Hotel, for the purpose of taking a house here for the winter. Mr. Justice Pennefather, who has recently left Brighton for Ireland, has derived great benefit from a residence on this coast. The Countess of Effingham, who has lately arrived at the Norfolk Hotel, has just taken one of those splendid mansions of Mr. Nugee, on the Eastern-terraee, where Sir Robert Peel is residing with his family. The Duchess of Somerset was de sirous of taking the corner mansion, but Lord Petre had previously engaged it, and we understand that there is not a house vacant large enough for her Grace. The Duchess has been in treaty for Sir Isaac Lyon Gold smidt's house on Adelaide-terrace. The Duke of Devon shire was down here on Monday to see his house in Kemp Town, which is about to be occupied by Lord aryl Lady Granville. Lord Francis Egerton has taken a house on Eastern-terrace. The Duke and Duchess of St. Alban's arc expected in Eastern-terrace, to-morrow. The Countess of Glengall, Lady Twysden, • Mr. and Lady Harriet Maynard, Sir John and Lady Campbell, Lady Augusta Baring, Baroness Rothschild and family, Lady Charles Somerset, Sir Hugh Palliser, the Earl of Itosse, and Sir Charles Des Vceux, are also among the visitors at this fashionable watering-place, which con tinues very full of company. EDUCATION.— SURREY CHAPEL Scnoots.---,Yes- terday evening a numerous meeting of the former scho lars and others, friends to liberal and unobjectionable education, was held at the Surrey Chapel, Blackfriars - road, for the purpose of commemorating the opening of the schools, which were first established during the con nexion of the late Rowland Hill with the chapel, whose centenary has lately been completed. AYR HORSE FAIR.-Our Michaelmas Fair was held on Thursday last. This is never reckoned a very business-doing market ; but we must say that it would have been the reverse on this occasion bad there been a sufficient supply of good horses. Many persons willing to purchase were, in consequence, obliged to leave the market. The total number of horses in the market would not exceed two hundred ; and we should think that at last six-tenths of these were of an inferior de scription. Good draught horses, therefore, brought ex cellent prices. We are assured that, in the generality of cases, these were fully fifteen per cent. above those of last year. On an average, good draught horses brought from 29/. to 351. One pair that we heard of, sold at 751.; and in two instances, where single horses were purchased, 381. to 431. were the prices obtained. We noticed a very fine colt, which brought fifteen guineas. Horses of a scondary character sold from 151. to 20/. ; and, to all appearance, a good many changed owners. There were only a few carriage horses in the market ; and we did not learn of any having been sold. For a fair animal of this description, we heard, in one instance, 22/. asked. We noticed a very excellent pony, rising upwards of four years old, which brought, we are informed 20/. For another, in finer condition, 22/. was asked. Altogether, the market was a very fair one.— A4r Observer. THE LATE STORM IN IRELAND.—We regret to state that a shipwreck, attended with melancholy con sequences occurred off the coast near Rush. Between the hours of ten and eleven o'clock, and when the storm was just attaining its highest pitch, signals of distress were loudly and frequently heard by the people on shore ; but the point from which the wind blew, and the absolute danger of any such attempt , precluded the possibility of any assistance being afforded. Through out the night the greatest fears were entertained for the safety of the vessel and crew, evidently placed in a perilous position, which the morning but too unhapily realised : for at an early hour yes terday morning portions of the cargo, consisting of palm oil, &c., were discovered lying along the coast at diffe rent places. In a short time afterwards it was dis covered that some of the crew had succeeded in getting to shore, from whom the melancholy intelligence was learned that the captain of the vessel, his wife, and one of the crew, had been lost, and the truth of this state ment was confirmed by the bodies of the two last men tioned persons being washed on shore almost at the same moment. The body of the captain has not yet been found. The vessel belonged to, or sailed from Halifax ; but we have not yet been able to ascertain its name, or where bound to.—Cork Reporter. LONGEVITY.—There is now living at Leak(n, upon the estate of Fowlis, in the parish of liiltearn, Ross-shire, a eottar of the name of Donald Ross, who is above 105 years of age. He has always been of temperate habits and g ood conduct, and is still in possession of his faculties, and able to walk about. Ile is a native of the parish of Lochbroom, and has resided in Kiltearn, near to the foot of the huge duringut nnowu, unwell. which hp ß ac e sr n i ao d l s V oll y ne v i ia s sn , dn f o o at r dka t nu h og e l.i l e a tr s o t N. 1,1 ihat hi bve een e.n century,l oncelis latter is a cripple. They occupy a small cr h oft of land, wenableshich them with milk,tokeepa acocnvd t he fafl horse carriesahorse.The CO suppliespea t ts ii . em These constitute their entire means of li ving ; and thus the old man, although cheerful and contented, wants many things which would tend to render his latter days more comfortable. The climate of the locality of Ross's residence must be peculiarly healthy. We find, altotbe se i n tretds t oi h nn e ,s tt s ah t ie a l e t pe i sastroi ministerf naccount : n f i e u ,at thert h n 0 , y i‘.\° e 'll* a ii9t r t l iii 7 nb O gY 6 .‘ , vDe l rl i i atherine Mackenzie died at Fowlis, in the 117th year of her age. In 1782, Mr. Brown, factor, of Fowlis, died in his 107th year. anci ln M l77: - ), Munro died in his 100th year ;Kenneth wife, died soon afterwards in her 88th year.rs. Munro,Theonhliys instance we shall add is an heritor of thexarish, who had been a Member of the last Scotch, an of the first British Parliament ; he died about thirty years ago, in his ninet) -fourth y ear ; an d , w i t hi n these few years, a sister and daughter of the same gentleman died here, who were very little short of tlu same age."—lnveiness Courier. ANOTHER FATAL COLLISION.—LIVEREOOL, WED° NESDAY.— The Elizabeth, Captain Brown, arrived at this port this morning, from St. John's, New Brunswick, reports having been is collision with the schooner Emma, Captain Kemp, and to have been from the coast of Mo rocco, on the 12th inst., off the Fawcett-rock. The schooner immediately sank, but, with the exception of the cook, the crew were savad. The only pnssenger on board was also saved. The _weather was rough and dirty at the time.