The Sun. — London, England, 1844-02-01 00:00:00

4113oneaa1 was totally unsupported by the judgment of otherwise, might have upon myself or m y p ersona l inte s let Judge. Counsel next referred to the case of the I rests. Ido not think any counsel is justified, even in X - eaag v. Watson, a case of treason, and quoted from Mr. ' his public capacity, in attributing such unworthy and etustice Bailey, who, in his charge to •the_gaand-jury, unwarrantable motives to me, -as that I could be influ held thatthareinust be consultation and design eased in this case by any interests with respect to the to -establish conspiracy. The jury shciuld believe 1 political party to which I belong. I did then, and Ido - .that the `parties actually did consult for a criminal still, feel very much offended at it —very much irritated design,• before they could hold them guilty of con- at such an allusion—and I consider that no observation apiracy. He came next to the third proposition of which could be used could more strongly tend to excite the Attorney-General, and entreated the attention of such a feeling. Certainly, if language of the kind the jury. The Attorney-General said that, provided a was not intended to convey a personal imputation =an subsequently came into the common design, he was on myself, I cannot conceive anything easier than for equally responsible as if he had been associated from the a gentleman to state that he had been misunderstood by - beginning, as a criminal conspirator. Perhaps, by-and- myself and my friends. These are the circumstances, and bye, the Solicitor-General would endeavour to explain, if there is any question to be properly brought before -and get the Atturney-General out of this absurdity, the Court, whatever its rule may be, lam perfectly cer - by.contending that the parties subsequently coming in tarn it will not sanction any personal imputations on the would become responsible by- seditious and illegal acts counsel who are engaged in conducting it. —by calling large multitudes, and uttering seditious Mr. MooRE was about to make some observation, when speeches. The Attorney-General, in support of his Mr. FITZGIBBON again rose and said—l beg your proposition, had quoted Mr. Justice Bayley. (Counsel pardon ; allow me to address the Court. My Lords, read froth the opi n i on o f th a t j u d ge , to s h ow t h a t th e I could very well understand the good sense and pro - cases wer e no t a t a ll ana l ogous .) H e wou ld now d ea l w i t h p r i e ty on the part of the Atto rne y-G enera l o f calling another proposition of law of the Attorney-General, my attention to anything which I said that might have who had referred to the case of Redford and Birnie, offended him, and I could equally understand the pro which, arose out of a far-famed transaction in Manches- priety of my acting in accordance with the feelings and ter, in 1820. They had all heard of the meeting on the 16th principles of a gentleman, had he permitted me the op of August, 1819, at Peterloo, in Manchester. Mr. Hunt, portunity of taking that course which propriety would who was in the chair, was arrested, and several persons dictate. I will not now say what I might have done were killed. Hunt was prosecuted, and the indictment under the circumstances, for that was not the way he charged him with a conspiracy. There were three counts. acted ; but, with a pistol in kis hand, he says to me, lie waschargedwithe.onspiracy,confederacy,&e., with the " I'll pistol you unless you make an apology ;" and I other persons indicted. The Attorney-General of that day cannot help telling him now, that such a course won't did not think it safe to go to trial merely on three counts draw an apology from me. for a conspiracy. He knew it would be a nevelty to an Some minutes elapsed without any further observation English jury, and, therefore, added a fourth count, for having been made on either side, the Court having attending an unlawful assembly. They were tried at been engaged during the interval in consultation. York, and the case occupied ten days. The Crown CHIEF J ernes—Mr. Moore you were going to make strove, by every means, to establish a conspiracy, which some observations awhile ago. was the very question for trial before the jury-- , it Mr. MooßE—Really my Lord, I am afraid, after not being competent to any judge to declare any man what has lately occurred, of making any observation at a conspirator until twelve men on their oaths, who are all in the matter. What I was going to take the liberty not judges, had found him to be so. That tribunal, of suggesting to the Court, in reference to an occur the jury, decided that Hunt was not guilty of con- rence which lam sure every individual member of the spiracy. They gave that verdict, not because they were bar, and the public, will equally regret, in a case like the political partisans, or men of one-sided views in politics; present, where the feelings of every person engaged on but they gave their verdict as honest Englishmen on the one side or on the other, are necessarily very much their oaths. Redford, who had been wounded at the excited, and in which I should hope every indulgence meeting, brought his action against the man who might be extended to anything irregular that may wounded him with a sabre. That case was tried. There have occurred—what I was going to take the liberty of was a plea of not guilty, which is as much as to say the suggesting was, that as there appears to exist a very . act , was not done; but that plea was not always safe, warm feeling on one side and on the other, an opportu . and there were other pleas, to the effect that the meet- tunity should be afforded of allowing that to subside, and . ing was illegal and the plaintiff, being there illegally; of removing on both sides any misconception that may the defendant only did his duty as a yeoman by assisting have previously existed. That was the proposition I to disperse it. Conspiracy being illegal, it became ne- was going to to take the liberty of making. I cannot cessary to prove it, and a witness was produced who attempt to justify what has taken place, nor am I au had been ill-used by a party engaged in drilling pre- thorised to interfere in it; but from the position which vious to the meeting. That very evidence must have I have the honour to hold, and the sincere personal been given on Hunt's trial, who was acquitted of the regard I entertain for both gentlemen, I think it conspiracy ; but when the evidence was tendered on the might be desirable for their own sake, for the interests civil action, it was admitted by the judge, and the jury of the profession, and the sake of the public at large, that found a general verdict for the defendant. A motion the Court should allow some interval to elapse, in order was made to set that verdict aside, on the ground of the that those feelings may subside, and this most unpleasant admission of illegal evidence. The judges refused to affair may be satisfactorily arranged. set the verdict aside, and the Attorney-General referred CHIEF JUSTICE—The Court are very much indebted, to the dicta of the judges in support of his view of the and very much obliged to you, Mr. Moore, for the part conspiracy and illegal meeting. The judges in that you have taken, and the short explanation you have case only referred to the admission of evidence, as to the given. The Court feel themselves placed in a very em drilling, to go before the jury in a civil action.— barrassing and perplexing situation. They feel unwil- And it was in such a case as this that the Attorney- ling to give any intimation of their opinion as to the General sought a precedent and authority to prove a propriety or impropriety of what has taken place in conspiracy and illegal meeting here. Hunt had been Court, being willing to make allowance for the excited acquitted of conspiracy, and the judges had not, in feelings of the gentlemen concerned in a case of this na fact, the question of conspiracy before them. The tore, which may carry them beyond what their cool judg dicta of the judges about the admission of evidence of ment would approve of. They, therefore, give no sort of drilling in Manchester, had been urged by the At- intimation at present of what their opinion is in regard to torney-General in reference to the Repeaters, who had the conduct of the gentlemen at either side pending the nofdidling at all. The Attorney-General had only read trial of this case. They feel it to be a very embarrassing a small extract from Lord Wynford; he (Mr. F.) would case to be required to pronounce any sort of opinion read the entire of it, with note and comment. Lord while a case of this nature, in which the public is so Wynford referred to the parties engag e d in drilling in much, interested, is depending before the Court, the jury, Manchester being armed, in rank and file, and firing at and the public at large ; and they also feel that of all the word of command, being ordered to advance at the men in the profession, the Attorney-General is the last sound of trumpet. Such were the drillings Lord Wyn- man who ought to have allowed himself to be betrayed ford spoke of. Was it fair to read the extract the At- into such an expression of feeling as has been stated to torney-General had read, without bringing under the the Court as having taken place during our absence, notice of the jury the sort of drilling that Lord Wyn- for although we were not personally present, it yet oc , ford had spoken of ? A lawyer was bound to state the eurred while the Court was sitting in the discharge of its law fairly and candidly—above all, he was bound to do judicial functions. so in a State prosecution, where a man of his:own rank, in The ATTORNEY- GENERAL—I have to state, a'nd my his own profession, who had been nearly half a century friends tell me so, that the note was written very hastily; distinguished in his profession, was concerned. The At- but considering the position I was placed in, and the . torney-General, in such a case, was more especially bound strongly irritated feeling I was under, I concur in what to state the law fairly, when a man was concerned who has been suggested to me, and I have no objection to had been so long his admitted superior in the profes- withdraw that letter, but I shall make no further turns sion, and who was charged with a crime for which, if about. I feel that I was very badly dealt with, and I he were found guilty, he would be conveyed to a dun- leave it to the Court to consider what course the gentle geon in the closing period of his life. If ever there was man who used that language ought to adopt in regard to a case when it became the duty of a barrister in the what is due to me. discharge of his public duty to prosecute a brother The CHIEF JUSTICE—The Court are bound to consi barrister, he ought to do it fairly, justly, honourably ; der what took place as if it occurred during the business but if in the discharge of that public dutx, as Attorney- o f th e C ourt, and we can ' t by any possibility allow it to General or Crown prosecutor, h e a i ms below the mark— go further. It must be put a stop to.: , if he cites the law for own particular purposes, and omits Mr. Moore—l know how very difficult a position lam passages which he ought not to have omitted—if placed in ; but I would take the liberty of suggesting to he seek a conviction, no matter by what means it is to Mr. Fitzgibbon, after what has been said by the At be obtained, he is no longer deserving of public respect torney-General, that he should admit that he has fallen or of public confidence. He (Mr. Fitzgibbon) if he into an error, which any man may fall into ; and I only had stooped to act in the manner he had described, suggest to him what I would do myself if I were placed would cease to enjoy his own self-respect. He could in the same unpleasant situation. not consent to earn the guilty wages of professional suc- Mr. FITZGIBBON—Your Lordships have heard—and cess ; he would feel that he had been guilty of an act of all who are now present have heard—what fell from me turpitude, which would fck ever disable him from raising an the course of my address to the jury. The Attorney his head in society. The jury, he was quite certain, General has repeated what he says was taken down as could not be totally ignorant of the history of their coun- my language, and he says that I imputed to him dis try, or of the great events which took place in their honourable motives—of being influenced in his public hemisphere. They were not ignorant that when Wil- conduct, in regard to these prosecutions, by the love Ham the Conqueror landed in England, the greater por- of place, or desire of place, or personal advantage to tion of the population of the island were bond slaves. ,himself. My Lords, that language did not come from This was an indictment charging the defendants with me—l carefully avoided it. I spoke of Lord Coke and the exhibition of great physical force. It did not others being influenced by those feelings which every • charge them with seeking to attain their object by the public prosecutor was more or less influenced by in those • us. of physical force—the use of it was not at all con- days, and which might appear to influence public templated. An immense mass of the community were justice ; but I appeal to your Lordships' recollection dissatisfied with a law, and they came forward in large whether I ascribed to the Attorney-General one single s masses, to express their determination never to cease feeling dishonourable to him more than what I suggested their constitutional efforts until that law shall was thecause of unusual warmth in a public prosecutor have been repealed. And the Attorney-General calls in all cases of this kind. I regret extremely that that a crime. Was there a crime in the attainment of the Attorney-General before he took the course he Magna Charta ? Was there no exhibition of physical did, did not address me, for I stand here uncon . force at Runnymede, with the Barons in full armour, scious of having either said anything or done any act requiring th e i r S overe i gn to s i gn a charter they had with the intention of wounding the felings of another. bought ready made ! That is a charter which no At- I never imputed personal motives of a dishonourable torney-General, no Judge, no King would dare to say, nature to the Attorney-General. What I have done, that, because it had been procured in that way, it was, my Lords, in this case, and what *I have said, I have said therefore, void. But there were other instances in and done in the discharge of what I conscientiously felt English history of great changes produced by the to be the duty I owed to my client. I did not speak of very same means. Was there, in fact, any great him except in the opening of my address to the jury, change produced without them? Was there no ex- and in what terms did I speak of him then ? I spoke hibition of physical force at the Clare election ? of him as a gentleman in the best sense of the word— The people were discontented with the state of the law, I spoke of him as a lawyer in the best and most dig and they sought, peaceably and in large masses, to nified sense of the word. Such is the character and effects a reformation. Why was this a monstrous case? extent of the language which I applied to him personally. Because the Ministry of the day sought to get into their Did I not say all that in his behalf ; and did I not add hands a scourge to prevent and repress the expression that my personal experience of him fully warranted of popular discontent. He next referred to the me in saying thus much? This was the extent of my ' period of the French revolution, when an indictment had personal allusions to the Attorney-General, and if in - - been preferred against a great man, Horne Tooke. As the subsequent part of my address I made any reference in this case, a chaos of papers had been thrown on the to him, I did so in the discharge of the duty which, as table, and the jury were left to spell their way an advocate, I owe my client, and my remarks were through them. That prosecution had been counte- meant to apply to his conduct in the present case and to nanced by the King—it was pressed with all the energy nothing else. lam not disposed to claim as a right the of the Attorney- General and Solicitor-General privilege of canvassing the conduct of the Attorney of the day ; but the common sense and honesty General. If it be a right it is to me a most painful one; of the jury prevailed—they found a verdict of not but when lam defending a gentleman who has done me guilty. He (Mr. Fitzgibbon) felt a great responsibility the honour of confiding to me his defence, where he is in this case, from a knowledge of his own deficiency. In accused of an atrocious offence, I feel it to be my impera the case of ktardy, public liberty had for its champion tive duty to analyse the official conduct of the first law Mr. Erskine; Hardy was acquitted. They then brought officer of the Crown in the present case; but out of the forward Tooke, and he was acquitted. The Crown still present case I will not travel. I spoke of the Attorney persevered, but each successive jury defeated their at- General as a public man, and as such only, in reference tempts to establish constructive treason, and that was to the present prosecution. I spoke of his conduct in the the last attempt in England. present case ; but out of the present case I did not for At this moment (two o'clock) the Court retired for a moment travel, nor did I allude to one solitary act of refreshment. his life unconnected with this trial ; and am I to be told During the absence of the judges and jury for re- that lam to make an apology to a gentleman who— freehments, a scene of the most singular, remarkable, The CHIEF JUSTICE—YOU may have misunderstood and truly unprecedented character took place in Court the Attorney-General, Mr. Fitzgibbon. which perhaps it ever fell to the lot of a journalist to Mr. FITZGIBBON—My Lord, it is totally impossible record. It was observed that some hasty observations, that I could have misunderstood him. and in a very excited tone and manner, passed between The CHIEF JUSTICE—Yes, but, Mr. Fitzgibbon, we Mr. Fitzgibbon and the Attorney-General, and there are all liable to fall into error, and it is possible that • was, ta use the language of Mr. Sheil, " a hush of public there may be misconceptions on both sides. expectancy and almost breathless silence ;" when, after a Mr. FITZGIBBON—My Lords, the first emotion of my much more protracted absence than usual, their Lord- mind, when I got his note was —no, I will not say what ships resumed their seats upon the Bench. it was—my second was to let him out of the difficulty - • Mr. FITZGIBBON rose and said—My Lords, as I was in which he had placed himself. .coming into Court after having, from the effects of ill- [Here Mr. Fitzgibbon was handed in a piece of paper, ne,ss, endeavoured to take a short respite in the library, in shape not unlike that on which the alleged challenge after an exertion not very seasonable, having regard to was written ; but he tore it across, and flung the frag _ the state of my health, a note was put into my hand, ments under the table s ) signed by the Attorney-General, which I ask him now The CHIEF JUSTICE—I was going to say that the to read to your Lordships. whole matter had now been under the consideration of A short pause ensued, and the Attorney -General the Court, an d th a t t h ere was no necessity to go any fur -having made no reply, they into a statement of the circumstances. Mr. FITZGIBBON continued—My Lords, I hope that Mr. FITZGIBBON—I have been misunderstood, my in opening the case, I did very clearly and ve r y p l a i n l y Lord. Ido express my sense of the position in which I had b een CHIEF JUSTICE—The Attorney-General has with professionally placed. I think I did very clearly and drawn the note he has addressed to you, Mr. Fitzgibbon. plainly express what my opinions and what my feelings He has expressed his regret that it was written, and were in respect to the' gentlemen who here represent wishes it to.be regarded as if it had never been-written. the Crown. I very clearly separated any reference i n He misund ers t oo d you. what I said of my private feelings from what I consi- Mr. FI TZGIBBON —M y L ords, any man must have dered my duty required of me to express, not in refer- grossly mi sun d erstood me who imputes to me the intention ence to themselves personally, but to their conduct in of attributing b ase mot i ves to any one in the discharge this prosecution, and I do not think that I of my prof ess i ona l d uty. If I could for a moment tetivelled out of the line of my duty in making those imagine that any man could conscientiously suppose me observations. I observed upon no act or thought of a capable of such gross conduct as that of imputing to -single one of them, except an act done or a thought ex- t he A ttorney - General base motives—l having nothin g pressed in the course of this prosecution. I said very on earth to say to his motives—l can only say that such Ivan W plainly and d is ti nctly that I would despise myself if I a an has grossly mi s i n t erpreted me. Were I, indeed, left unobserved any point u p on w hi c h my c li ent m i g h t capable of acting such a part I cou ld never again esteem observe if he we re in my position, and defending him- or respect myself, and the direst punishment that could self ais his own counsel, or I in his, as a befal me would be the self-rep roac h w hi ch would follow tfaverser at the bar, an d defending ' myself'. me in every scene of my life. I only spoke of the I pursued what I considered to be the course Attorney-General in his official ch arac t er as the law which my duty indicat e d, and I don't think Iwent adviser of the Crown ; and my remarks had o n ly refer beyond it. Now, my Lord s , I ask the AttorneyGe ence, I again repeat, to his conduct in the present case. "lend So hand up that not e ; an d i f he will not, I will tell Mr. MOORE rose and said that the gentlemen at both your Lordships the substance of it. He tells me in that sides having given every explanation that could be ex note that I have given him a personal offence, and he pected from them, of whatever was disagreeable in this calisaipen me, if I do not apologise for it, to name a distressing occurrence, he hoped that the matter might friend,--(Sensation throughout the Court.) I need not advert figther to his position or t o m i ne on the present now be fairly considered as set at rest. He trusted that it would be passed over in silence and consigned to obli occasioa, nor is it necessary for me to refer to my pec u - vion for ever. liar position at this moment, while defending one of the The CHIEF JUSTICE (after consulting with his bre traversers here i but, with these observations, I shall thren) said that the Court felt exceedingly obliged to leave it with your Lordships to deal with his cond uc t. Mr. Moore for the part he had taken on this perplexing The ATTORNEY-GENERAL rose and said, in rather an and the Court roost earnestly and distressing occasion. The matter was now at rest, be necessary hereafter t indistinct tone—lf Mr. Fitzgibbon has any application to make to the Court, let it be made is the usual form. oadve t r r t u i s n te a d ny th m at an i n t e w r o w u h ld at n so o! ever to what had taken place. He should hope it was not Lethiin make an affidavit, setting forth all the facts. necessary to say any more on the matter than had been Mr, FITZGIBBON (warmly)—l never will. The 'ATTORNEY-GENERAL I then have to state already stated. that he attributed to me in this Court— and it The ATTORNEY-GENERAL —I of course acquiesce in was so taken down in writing by some of my every thing that has fallen from the Court. I haVe with friends—that my public conduct in the conducting drawn the note, and, inasmuch ,as I understood Mr. and. carrying on of th ese prosecut i ons was i n fl uence d Fitzgibbon to repudiate th e id ea of -imputing any un worthy or personal motives to me , I can only say I- am by private and di s h onoura b le motives. By the effect which :the result of this prosecution, in its failure or satisfied. THE SUN, LONDON, .THURSDAY. EVENI,N(, FEBRUARY 1, 1844. The CHIEF .TheTlCE—That this unpleasant matter play-at once be.get at rest, the Court -think that they may call upon each gentleman to declare that he is satisfied to abide by what has just fallen from Mr. Moore. Mr. FITZGIBBON—I can only say that I did not mean to attribute any unworthy motive to the Attorney- General, and I have no other feeling towards him et the present moment different from what I felt this morning. Thus the matter dropped. Mr. FITZGIBBON then resumed, and continued his ad dress until a quarter to five o'clock, when the Court rose, the Learned Gentleman being still in possession of their Lordships' attention. When the Judges were about to leave the bench, Dr. Gray said, my Lord, I beg leave to know if I can offer a few words to . your Lordships with respect to what occurred to day in Court. The CHIEF JUSTICE—We cannot hear you now, Sir, address the Court. H ave y ou no t Counsel, andhave you not been heard through your Counsel ? Dr. Gray—lf your Lordships hear me for a few mo ments, I will not trespass long upon the attention of the Court. CHIEF JUSTICE—The Court will not hear any gentle men when they have Counsel. Judge PERRIN—And during the speech of their Counsel. CHIEF JUSTICE—And during the speech of Counsel. The Court then adjourned until ten o'clock to-morrow morning. ebirb ambition SUN OFFICE, Seven o'clock, I'llE FUNDS-(CI BRITISH Bank Stock 3 per Cent. Red. 3 per Cent. Cons 97i 34 per Cent. Red lo2} New 34 per Cent New 5 per Cent. Long Annuities to ecpire Jan. 1860 Oct. 1859 Jan. 1860 A uttrran, 5 per cent. — lselgian, b per cent lO6 Brazilian Bonds 79 lenos Ayres 6 per cent — Cnilian, 6 per cent. Colombian, 6 per cent l2l Ditto. 1824 Cuba Bonds, 6 per cent 93 Danish, 3 per !eat B7 Greek, 1825, 5 per cent — Mexican, 5 per cent. Ditto, 6 per cent. 1837 Peruvian, 1825,6 per ct. • Eastern Counties (23 paid) Ditto Extension (13s 4d paid) Edinburgh and Glasgow (50 paid) Harwich Extension (2 paid) ... . London and Brighton (50 pa d) London and Birmingham ( paid) ...... London and Croydon Railway ( Trunk) Manchester and Birmingham (40 paid) Norwich and Brandon (2 paid) Northern and Eastern (45 paid) Ditto Quarter Shares (121 paid) ...... North Midland (100 paid) Paris and Rouen (20 paid) ... . South Eastern and Dover (50 paid) Yarmouth and Norwich (13 paid).....,... York and North Midland (50 paid) .. Ditto New Shares (20 paid) Portuguese, 5 per cent Ditto, New Ditto Prussian, 5 per cent — Russian, b per cent — Ditto, Metallic ...... . Spanish, 5 per cent Ditto, 3 per cent Ditto, Deferred.... 131 !;French, 5 per cent. —f. —e. Exchange.......... —f. French, 3 per eent. —f. —e. Dutch, .2i per cent. 551 Ditto, 5 per cent.... RES. CORN AVERAGES. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN, For the Week ended Januai y 1843, made up from the Returns of the Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in Englan. and Wales, per Imperial Quarter. Wheat...—. 525. 3d. I Oats Barley 33s . Bd. 1 Rye ...... 3•25. 4d . 1 Pea5e........ 30s. 10d AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIX WEEKS. Weeks ending WHEAT. BARLEY.) OATS. I RYE. 1 BEANS. 1 I FEASE ._______ ._,.......... ..._ ----1..._,....___ Dee. 23 5O 9 32 2 15 7 39 9 30 10 30 10 .10 ...... Jas. 6 • 49 10 32 7 18 3 30 8 29 5 30 I 13 5O 9 33 0 18 9 33 5 29 8 31 0 20 5l 8 33 7 18 9 31 7 29 6 30 3 27 52 3 38 3 19 0, 32 4 29 6 30 10 IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AVERAGES OF THE SIX WEEKS Wheat 508 9d. I Oats 1 Barley .321. 10d, Rye DUTIES ON FOREIGN CORN. Wheat 2os. Odd Oats Barley ...... Cs. Ckl. Rye IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT (THIS EVENING.) HOUSE OF LORDS. The doors of the House of Lords were opened at twelve o'clock for the admission of those who had tickets from the Lord Chamberlain. The body of the House was soon afterwards filled by peeresses and other ladies having the privilege of the entrée, who occupied all the back benches on both sides of the House. The Strangers' Gallery and the Gallery of the Members of the House of Commons were also occupied by ladies. Plumes were generally worn by the ladies, but there was not such a display of jewels as we have sometimes seen. The first Peer who entered the House was the Earl of Shaftes bury. His Lordship arrived shortly before • one o'clock. The Noble Earl was almost immediately followed by the Duke of Wellington. His Grace, who was dressed in a Field Marshal's uniform, and wore the riband of the Garter, appeared in excellent health and spirits. Lord Chief Justice 1 indal, accompanied by Mr. Baron Parke, Mr. Baron Alderson, Mr. Baron Gurney, Mr. Justice Coleridge, Mr. Baron Rolfe, Mr. Justice Erskine, Mr. Justice Maule, Mr. Justice Wight man, and Mr. Justice Cresswell, took their seats shortly after one o'clock. The Bishop of London arrived imme diately after the Judges. The side galleries were principally occupied by ladies. In that to the right of the throne, how ever, there were several illustrious foreigners, amongst whom we observed the late Regent of Spain, General Espartero, who appeared to take a deep interet in the proceedings. Among the earliest arrival of Peers were the Duke of Buccleuch, Lord Abinger, Lord Campbell, and the Marquis of Clanricarde. His Excellency the Count St. Aulaire, the French Ambassa dor, arrived at half-past one ;he was followed by the Turkish Ambassador, the splendour of whose costume attracted very general attention. The Austrian Ambassador, the Prussian Ambassador, the Russian Ambassador, and the Ministers of the other Foreign Powers, shortly afterwards entered the House, and took their places under the gallery on the right of the throne. The Lord Chancellor entered the House at twenty minutes before two. His Lordship looked well, and walked firmly. He seemed to have recovered completely from the effects of his recent indisposition. At a quarter before two o'clock his Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge arrived. At two o'clock the firing of the Park guns, and the flourish of trumpets, announced the arrival of her Majesty, and five minutes afterwards the Royal procession entered the House in the usual order, preceded by the heralds in their tabards ; the Duke of Buccleuch bore the Crown, and the Duke of Wellington the Sword of State. Her Majesty, who leant upon the arm of Prince Albert, looked extremely well. Her Majesty's train was borne by the Duchess of Buccleuch, the Mistress of the Robes, assisted by other Ladies sf the Household. Her Majesty took her seat on the throne. The Duke of Wellington, bearing the Sword of State, stood immediately on her Majesty's left hand. Prince Albert sat on her Majesty's left hand. His Royal Highness's chair was placed on the first step of the throne. Her Majesty having desired all present to be seated, directed the Usher of the Black Rod to summon the House of Commons to the Bar. The Speaker, attended by several Members of the House of Commons, shortly afterwards made his appearance, when her Majesty, in a clear and distinct tone of voice, read the speech, which was handed to her by the Lord Chancellor with the usual ceremonies, as follows: Mr LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, It affords me great satisfaction again to meet you in Parliament, and to have the opportunity of profiting by your assistance and advice, I entertain a confident hope that the general peace so necessary for the happiness and prosperity of all nations will continue unin terrupted. My friendly relations with the King of the French, and the good understanding happily established between my Government and that of his Majesty, with the continued assurances of the peaceful and amicable dispositions of all Princes and States, con firm me in this expectation. I have directed that the Treaty, which I have concluded with the Emperor of China, shall be laid before you, and I rejoice to think that it will, in its results, prove highly advantageous to the trade of this country. Throughout the whole course of my negotiations with the Go vernment of China, I have uniformly disclaimed the wish for any exclusive advantages. It has been my desire that equal favour should be shown to the industry and commercial enterprise of all nations. . The hostilities which took place during the past year in Sinde have led to the annexation of a considerable portion of that country to the British possessions in the Ea;t. In ail the military operations, and especially in the battles of Meanee and Hyderabad, the constancy and valour of the troops, Native and European, and the skill and gallantry of their distin guished Commander, have been most conspicuous. I have directed that additional information explanatory of the transactions in Sinde, shall be forthwith communicated to you. GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, The estimates for the ensuing year will be immediately laid be fore you. They have been prepared with a strict regard to eco nomy, and at the same time with a due consideration of those exigencies of the public service which are connected with the maintenance of our Maritime strength, and the multiplied de. mands on the Naval and Military establishments from the various parts of a widely extended Empire. MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, I congratulate you on the improved condition of several im portant branches of the trade and manufactures of the country. I trust that the increased demand for labour has relieved in a corresponding degree many classes of my faithful subjects from sufferings and privations, which at former periods I have had oc casion to deplore. For several successive years the annual produce of the revenue fell short of the public expenditure. I confidently trust that in the present year the public income will be amply sufficient to defray the charges upon it. I feel assured that in considering all matters connected with the financial concerns of the country, you will bear in mind the evil consequences of accumulating debt during the time of peace, and that you will firmly resolve to uphold the public credit, the maintenance of which concerns equally the permanent interests and the honour and reputation of a great country. In the course of the present year the opportunity will occur of giving notice to the Bank of England on the subject of the Revision of its Charter. It may be advisable that during this Session of Parliament, and previously to the arrival of the period assigned for the giving of such notice, the state of the law with regard to the privileges of the Bank of England, and to other banking establishments, should be brought under your consideration. At the close of the last session of Parliament I declared to you my firm determination to maintain inviolate the Legislative Union between Great Britain and Ireland. I expressed at the same time my earnest desire to cooperate with Parliament 'in the adoption of all such measures as might tend to improve the social condition of Ireland, and to develope the natural resources of that part of the United Kingdom. lam resolved to act in strict conformity with this declaration. I forbear from observations on events in Ireland, in respect to which proceedings are peuding before the proper legal tribunal. My attention has been direeted to the state of the law and practice with regard to the occupation of land in Ireland. I have deemed it advisable to institute extensive local inquiries into a subject; of so mnch importance, and have appointed a Commis. sion, with ample authority, to conduct the requilite investigation. OSING PRICES). FUNDS. India Stock .. 278 pm Ditto Bonds Ditto Old Annuities — Ditto New Annuities — Ex; Bills, 1,0001. led 69 pm Ditto 500/. 67 pm Ditto 5ma11..." 67 pm Barak Stock for Acct 195 India Stock for Acct 277 •••• .• !Consols for Acct 97i FOREIGN FUNDS. I recommend to your early consideration the enactments at present in force in Ireland concerning the registration of voters for Members of Parliament. You will probably find that a revision of the law of re. gistration, taken in conjunction with other causes at present in operation, would produce a material diminution of the number of county voters, and that it may be advisable, on that account, to consider the state of tht law, with a view to an ex. tension of the county franchise in Ireland. I commit to your deliberate consideration the various important questions of Public Policy, which will necessarily come under your review, with full confidence in your loyalty and wisdom, and with an earnest prayer to Almighty God to direct and favour your efforts to promote the welfare of all classes of my people. At the conclusion of the speeeh, the Speaker and Members of the House of Commons withdrew, and her Majesty and her suite left the House in the same order in which they had had entered it. Their Lordships' then adjourned during pleasure. The interior of the House was fitted up in the same manner as it was at the time of the prorogation. Her Majesty's chair of state was raised upon a dais. On the right of her Majesty's chair was that of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, and on the left that of his Royal Highness Prince Albert. The dais and the steps leading to the throne were covered with a magnificent Turkey carpet. Their Lordship's met again at a quarter to five. There was an unusually large attendance of Peers. The Duke of Wel lington, as usual, was early in his seat. Lord Melbourne en tered at a few minutes after five ; he appeared to be in excellent health. The Duke of Cambridge sat on the cross benches. The Earl of Glasgow, the Marquis of Winchester, and Lord Suf field. took the oaths and their seats. The Duke of WELLINGTON laid on the table a Bill for the Better Regulation of Vestries. THE ADDRESS. The LORD CHANCELLOR then read her Majesty's speech, from the woolsack, it having been again read by the Clerk, at the'table. Lord ELDON rose to move the address to her Majesty. He said—Your Lordships have been to habitually accustomed to en extend your indulgence to those who, on such an occasion as the present rise to address you, that I feel it to be super fluous on my part to request from you that which you always so kindly grant without its being required. My Lords, while I sincerely condole with yon on the prospect of your having to listen to me for a few minutes, and assure you that it is with great gratification I am enabled to rise to move an address in reply to such a gracious speech as that which her Majesty has made to you. My birds, it has been the fortune of those who have preceded me in former years, to,rely on your kindness while they held out to you prospects which they trusted would be realised ; they therefore could only speak in that manner in which that person must do, who was to ask a favour of those whom he is addressing. My Lords, it is my better fertune, though by no merit of my own, that the address which I now before you is one containing nothing—at least scarcely anything —except ing matters of congratulation both for the Sovereign and the country—it is a peculiar piece of good fortune for those who were present on former occasions, to find the prophecies which they then made have been so amply realised. From the high character of your Lordships' House, even if any of those are now present who formerly expressed opinions contrary to the success of those measures—or who even opposed them, while they were going through the House—even they will not now hesitate to join me in approving the prudence of the mea sures which they at the time doubted, and that we shall have the gratification of giving an unanimous vote, compli mentary in every way, to the Sovereign who receives it, and as gratifying to the nation as it can be to her Majesty. There is indeed one exception among these sources of gratification which I hold in my hand. your Lordships will all feel as sincerely as I do, that we are only doing credit to her Majesty's feelings, when we say that this subject, though mentioned last in her Majesty's Speech, must be one of the foremost, as well as one of the deepest, in her mind. It is, my Lords, unquestionable that the subject of Ireland must be, to any person con nected by local interest with that country or not, a subject cau s i ng t h e most s i ncere and anxious feeling and the wish that the troubled waters which have so long caused confusion in that eou try should, if possible delay the verdict. oar Lordships not fear that in alluding to this subject lam going to trespass on the bounds so judiciously laid down by her Majesty ; or that I am going to make any obser vations on those circumstances whieh are now tinder the consi deration of the legal tribunals of that country; but there is another part of her Majesty's speech which bears on this subject. Her Majesty states that she has the greatest gratification in being able to persist in the same course she has hitherto done, because she feels it right, in endeavouring by every mode to secure that ustice, an sric justice, shal be done to Ireland. Her Ma j esty promised t an t original decllara tion, that she would take every step to secure the peace and the prosperity of the people of that country, and to maintain, in full force, the Legislative Union which she found established. Her Majesty also directed every step to be taken by the present laws, administered by the present executive, for th e p re servation of order. Her Majesty had adhered to that declaration, and her promises had been amply redeemed, and those things which have been done contrary to law had been brought before the legal tribunals to be there decided. Illy Lords, I am well aware that the result of those trials is a matter with which I have nothing at all to do. Whether those trials, or any others, may terminate in an acquittal, or in a conviction, lam sure your Lordships will concur with me in the opinion, that we should support her Majesty in carrying out her intentions, and that if the present law of the land is ina dequate to preserve the peace of that country—perfect as now is my confidence and reliance upon the present laws in this country to maintain the public peace, and to protect the liberty of the subject—l would, under present circum stances, feel no hesitation in supporting her Majesty's Ministers or any Noble Lord, on either side of the House, in giving to her Majesty increased powers for the preservation of the peace and integrity of the empire. lam sure that every Member of your Lordships' House will concur in any measure which may be necessary for the happiness and prosperity of Ireland. Her 'Majesty has this day pointed out to us one or two . of the subjects to which it is desirable that we should direct our attention. The registration of voters is one of which, I am sure, your Lordship acknowledge the import ance. Her Majesty has referred to that subject in her speech, and I trust that when it is brought forward your Lordships will give it every consideration, and do everything in your power to promote the happiness of that country. Her Majesty has also called our attention to the laws relating to landlord and tenant. On that subject, a Commission of Inquiry has been appointed; and your Lordships will agree with me, that the utmost reliance may be placed in the sagacity, justice, and ability of my Noble Friend at the head of the Commission, and of the gentlemen who are associated with him in the inquiry. lam sure they will spare no pains in thoroughly investigating the subject, and bringing before you all the infOrmation which it may be in their power to collect. Her Majesty has told us now, as on former occasions, that the most amicable relations continue to subsist between her Government and foreign nations. In her recent visits to the Sovereigns of neighbouring countries, she has had opportunities of confirming that friendship. It had been the source of great gratification to their Lordships their was .to see two of the greatest warrio rs o f t hi s age con ferring happiness; and greater country y it now to se e by social in tercoursethe Sovereigns of the countries meeting i n t h e same manner, and with the same friendly feelings. B u t h e was not, w h en he said this, at all throwing any other nation into the back ground. He had only to notice the French in a more more prominent point. Circumstances had thrown this great nation in a situation in which they had occasion to act upon nearly similar principles by which England were guided. The subject which her Majesty next me nt i oned was the subject of our intercourse with China. The circumstances connected with the whole of the war, and the consequent negotiations in that country could not fail to strike their Lordships as being most ad vantageous to this country. But the liberality of her Majesty was such, that she was anxious that other nations should also share in those advantages, and the conduct of this country in that instance, was roarked by the most kindly feelings, even towards those nations who had acted in such a manner as to call for no forbearance on the part of this country. With re spect to that part of her Majesty's speech, in which she alludes to Scinde, he should abstain from saying more than that he was sure their Lordships must feel sincere gratification at the bravery and conduct of the military engaged in the operations there. He should not refer to the policy of that country, because he understood it was her Majesty's intention to order certain papers in connection with this subject to be laid before their Lordships. The subject of the Estimates came more properly under the consideration of the House of Lords, and he should therefore only say that her Majesty had directed that the strictest economy should be observed under this head. But this expen diture, it should be remembered, must depend very much upon the state of the country ; and it had beers necessary, during the last season, to keep a large force in Ireland, dering. the disturbances and agitators there. These dis turbances were most painful to contemplate, but he should read a letter from a young lady, the daughter of a clergyman in that country, description of the state of the country. He felt bound to state that that letter was never intended to be read before their Lord, ships, where it was written. (LEFT SPEAKING.) HOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER entered the House at a quarter before Two o'Clock, at which time about two hundre i Members were present. Shortly after two, Sir Augustus Clifford, the Esher of the Black Rod, summoned the Members to the bar of the House of Lords, by command of her Majesty. The Speaker, accompanied by the greater part of those pre sent, then left the House, and returned after an absence of about 20 minutes. The House then adjourned to a Quarter before Four o'clock, The House resumed at a Quarter before Four o'Clock. NEW MEMBERS. The following gentlemen took the oaths and their seats as new Members : H. Warburton, for Kendal ; Campbell, for Salisbury ; James Pattison, for the City of London ; Dun can M'Neil, for Argyllshire ; P. Butler, for Kilkenny. THANKS OF THE HOUSE. The SPEAKER informed the House that he had received letters of acknowledgment of the thanks of the House voted to therofficersi and army engaged in the war in China. The letters were from Major-General Parker and Sir Hugh Gough, and were respectively dated from Hong-Kong. ELECTION PETITION. The SPEAKER informed the House that the sureties given for the prosecution of the petition against the return for the borough of Athlone, were approved of. NEW WRITS. On the motion of Sir T. FREMANTLE, new writs were ordered for North Wiltshire, in the room of Sir Francis Bur dett, Bart., deceased ; and for the borough of Devizes, in the room of G. H. Sotherton, Esr deceased. towards the maintenance of secular Roman Catholics exercis ing religious functions in Ireland. COMMERCE WITH TURKEY. Dr. BOWRING gave notice that he should, on the 13th of February, call the attention of the House to the operation of the Turkish treaty of commerce upon the commercial interests of this country. - POOR-LAWS (IRELAND). Mr. F. FRENCH gave notice that, on this day fortnight, he should move for leave to bring in a Bill for the more effec tual relief of the destitute poor in Ireland. __ __ RAILWAYS. Sir T. FREMANTLE, on the part of his Right Hon. Friend, Mr. Gladstone, gave notice of a motion for a Select Committee to inquire into the Standing Orders relating to Railway Bills. FACTORY ACT. The RIGHT HON. 111EmbEn gave notice, on the part of the Home Secretary, of his intention to move for leave to bring in a Bill to amend the Factory Act. ;;INDE. The RIGHT HON. MEMBER also gave notice that, on the 12th February, his Right Hon. Friend, Sir R. Peel would move that the thanks of the House be given to Sir Charles Napier, the officers, and men engaged in the late military ope rations in Sinde. PETITIONS. Mr. WALLACE gave notice of his intention to move that the practice of that House respecting the petitions of the people, be altered, so that petitions complaining of grievances may be discussed as formerly, upon presentation, and that the order restricting such discussion be rescinded. SINDE. Mr. ROEBUCK gave notice that on Tuesday, the 13th Feb. inst., he would move for a Select Committee to inquire into the circumstances out of which arose the aggressive war in Sinde, with a view, as we understand, of taking further measures to check the grasping policy which placed the armies of Great Britain in such a disgraceful position. Mr. W. WILLIAMS gave notice that on an early day he would move a resolution to the effect that no public business should be commenced after midnight. The Hon. Member gave notice also of several motions relating to the Bank of England, the precise terms of which were not heard in the gallery. THE ADDRESS. The SPEAKER said he had to inform the House that the House of Commons had been to the House of Lords, when her Majesty was graciously pleased to deliver the following speech from the Throne— [ See our Lord's report.] Lord CLIVE, in rising to move the address to her Majesty, said, as the topics involved in her Majesty's speech were, in many respects, of great importance, he trusted the House would excuse him, under the circumstances. In the first place, he rejoiced that her Majesty had been gra ciously pleased to refer, in such satisfactory terms, to the relations of thi s country w i th Foreign Powers, and their continued assurance of their wishes for the continuance of peace. The maintainance of peace throughout Europe was of such paramount importance and necessity to the prosperity of the country, that unless they could look torward to it with certainty, they could have no security for the ultimate welfare of the country. Amongst the magnitude and variety of the topics to which her Majesty had directed the attention of Parliament, there was one which was most to be desired, and that was the gratifying declaration of the prospects of cont slued peace remaining unclouded—( Hea •, hear ) the more so when to this was a e ed a s milar declaration with respect to France, as it was essential to the interests of those two great and pow er f u l coun t r i es that they should go hand in hand in the peaceful career of national intercourse.—(Cheers.) The situation of those countries was so similar, that any injury in flicted upon the one, would affect the other. But he could conceive no assurance so strong asthat conveyed by her Majesty's visit to France, and the cordial reception she there received, of the friendly feeling existing between the two nations. Although future historians might not record so gorgeous an array as in the last instance when a chivalrous Sovereign of this country visited that country in farmer days, yet neither in the present instance could any manifeatation of ill-feeling or rivaly be re- I corded. The visit of Queen Victoria to France would be handed down to posterity as an assurance of international peace and amity between the two countries.—( Hear, hear, and laud cheers.) The peace with China remained unbroken, and the negotiations which followed the termination of the war in that country had been brought to a successful termina tion. In consequence of that the commercial intercourse would increase between this country and that great empire.—( Hear, hear.) While this event offered great benefit to this country, it was not to be forgotten that it freed this country from great and expensive wars and negotiations. He thought that the House and the country were greatly indebted to Sir H. Pot tinger. It was no difficult task to obtain such an end with a Power that held itself aloof from all fureign Powers. Sir Pottinger had been the means of opening the commerce of that extensive eountry not only to England but to the whole of Europe—( Hear, hear)—and he had shown consummate skill in establishing a most intimate acquaintance with the character and inhabitants of China. If they turned to their Indian empire, the results had been most satisfactory, and her Majesty had informed them that the results of the operation of her armies there had led to the annexation of Sinde to the British possessions in the east. Her Majesty had also stated that she had directed additional information, explanatory of the tran sactions in Sinde, to be forthwith communicated to the House. He could not refrain from expressing his great gratification at the gallantry of Sir Charles Napier and the men under his command, nor could he restrain his praise from the sepoys or native troops, who had shown themselves worthy of standing by English soldiers.—(Hear, hear.) If they looked to their domestic affairs, they were matter of great congratulation. He rejoiced at the improvement that had taken place in trade, and he was glad that, owing to the improvements that had taken place in trade, much of the misery and distress that existed last winter had been removed. It was also satisfactory to know that improvement in the con dition of the people had been attended with an increase in the revenue.--( Cheers.) He rejoiced to be able to state that that increase afforded a certainty that the revenue for the present year would be more than suf ficient to meet the expenditure, and that there would consequently be a surplus, which might be applied to the reduction of the national debt.—( Hear, hear.) Thus that improvement which her Majesty had stated at the commencement of the last session she confidently expected would take place in the revenue, had actually taken place; so that that revenue was now found fully adequate to meet the exigencies of the public service. —(Hear.) Passing over the financial topics to which her Majesty had directed their attention, and which, owing to their own importance, would, of themselves, sufficiently attract the attention of the House, he felt assured that all would cordially concur with him in expressing a wish for the welfare of her Majesty's Irish subjects, to which her Majesty had assured them that she had directed her most anxious attention. He was sure that the House would concur with him in expressing to her Majesty the anxous desire of Parliament to do everything in their power to ensure the improvement and the development of the resources of that country. —( Loud cheers.) Under ordinary circumstances, and on ordinary occasions, in moving an address to her Majesty, he should have felt anxious to avoid all topics which might tend to create a differ ence of opinion, and on the present occasion he wished, more especially, to guard himself against alluding to those subjects which were under the consideration of the courts of justice in that country. He would, therefore, content himself with moving that they should uniteto thank her Majesty for having especially directed their attention to the improvement of the condition of Ireland.—( Hear, hear.) He was happy to say that the reception which had been experienced byher Majesty's Commissioners in Ireland appointed to consider the subject of the occupation of land had been most gratifying, and afforded every hope that the labours of that Commission would be attended with the most beneficial results. That Commission had investi gated all matters affecting local interests, and had derived every possible advantage and assistance from parties re siding in Ireland—persons of all parties and of every shade of political opinion, had come forward to give evidence, and to assist the Commissioners with local information without which it would be impossible that their labours could be attended with success.—( Cheers. ) Having touched upon the principal topics to which her Majesty bad directed their consi deration, he would not detain them longer, but would content himself with thanking the House for the kind attention with which they had heard] him —( Cheers ) and with expressing a fervent hope, that in addressing them selves to the subjects laid before them by her Majesty, the issue of their councils might tend to promote the prosperity of all classes of her Majesty's subjects.—(Cheers.) The Noble Lord concluded by moving the address, which was, as usual, an echo of the speech. Mr. CARDWELL said, in rising to second the able address which the Noble Lord had submitted to the House, he must throw himself on the never-failing indulgence extended to Members in his situation, before venturing to touch upon the topics contained in her Majesty's most gracious speech from the throne.—( Hear, hear.) He should not tres pass on the time of the House, by following the Noble Lord ever all the topics in the speech, for they had been handled by him with the ability due to matters of historical association and national interest. He regarded with peculiar satisfaction and pride all the observations which had fallen from the Noble Lord, intending to congratulate the Crown on the renewed encouragement given to commercial enter prise and manufacturing industry and prosperity, stimu lating and encouraging the energies and the comforts of the masses of the population, and assured in its permanency, as it was by an exchequer more than fully ade quate to the necessities of the nation.—(Cheers.) His con nexion with the north of England permitted him to form acquaintance in person with this subject, and to speak with a peculiarly strong feeling in regard to it. He need not desire the House to revert to those tales of sorrow and distress which last year had been too familiar to all. His heart must have been insensible, indeed, that could have contemplated them without the most poignant feelings, and which might have led them to despair, if English men knewsuch a word. Now a renewed demand and renewed confidence! were) spreading comfort around, for they could not look to the returns in the customs, and the large imports, without feeling that a corresponding amount of British goods found their way in return to other countries. He would not prosecute this subject further, but simply say, that every thing tended to show the symptoms of returning health. Ifjthey turned to the cotton trade they would find that the stimulus which began with the low prices of last year had steadily maintained itself, that notwithstanding some in crease in the price of the raw material, and some groundless alarm with regard to the future, the demand had been brisk and continued brisk, the stocks were lost, and all the indications of healthy trade presented themselves. He had no intention of trespassing upon the time and indulgence of the House by reading to them detailed statements, because he felt that the present wa s not the time or the occasion to present state ments which from their nature challenged dispute, and because he felt that unless he could establish a case upon bread grounds which commended themselves to the judgment of Hon. Members on both sides of the House, con versant with the subject, he had no case at all to substantiate. The House would, however, allow him to refer, in detail, to two particular subjects which had frequently engaged their attention. He held in his hand a paper emanating from the guardians of a poor-law union. It stated that there had been a great improvement in the condition of the lower orders since 1841 ; that on a comparison of the Michaelmas quarter now last past with the previous quarter, it had been found that the number of applications for relief had been diminished from 12,600 to 5,000, and the amount ex pended from 4,000/. to 2,800/. Besides this upwards of 10,000/. had been received from the manufacturers' re lief fund. There had been a great improvement in the cot ton trade, and consequently in all the businesses which were dependent upon it. Three new mills were on the point of being erected ; several lately unoccupied mill s were now let, and a corn-mill and a woollen-mill were being fitted up for cotton manufactories. Everything wore an im proved aspect.—( Cheers. ) He thought it must he agreeable to the feelings of the House to learn, that improvement had also taker, place among the hand-loom weavers.—( Hear, hear.) He would also refer to a letter which he had received as to the state of Stockport. The poor-rates last year were 4s. in the pound, in the pre cedir g year they were 9s. In he workhouse there were not half the number of inmates there were in the preceding year, and there was not a single able-bodied pauper there.— ( Hear, hear.) There were 3,000 more people employed than at the commencement of 1842, with a prospect of employment for 1,000 more in three months. There were several large cotton-mills at work, and several had been enlarged. The empty cottages were occupied, and the shops which bad been closed for Tears were re- opening, and the appearance of the people indicated increased comfort. They were better clothed and better fed. There was also a great increase in the amount of money deposited in the savings' banks. He knew what observations were fre quently made when an increase of deposits in the savings' banks was spoken of, but when taken in connection with other circumstances which showed improvement, this in crease was not altogether without its value. With regard to the wool trade there were signs of improvement, though from the dearness of the raw article the improvement was more tardy. The wages of the labourers were also increased. There were also improvements in the trade in flax, which was so closely connected with the linen trade ; and he trusted that the linen trade would also advance, as it was the principal trade of the enterprising population of the north of Ireland. He hoped the House would agree with him in the hope that Ireland, in developing her great and fertile re sources, aided by the application of British skill and enter prise, would not fail to recognise the benefits of her connexion with England. - ( Cheers.) The trade in iron he was afraid to speak of too sanguinely. The excessive excitement of past years. had produced a corre sponding and protracted depression, but he believed that even there he could say that there were symptoms of re turning health.—( Cries of " No, no.") He did not deny that the patient was sorely diseased, but he thought that symptoms appeared of the crisis of the disease having passed. He hoped and confidently anticipated that the iron trade would still continue to improve. He held in his hand an intelligent and important report from his friend Mr. Austin, in which he found that able-bodied paupers were no longer a burden on the poor •rates of the unions of South! Staffordshire. The furnaces which had been blowniouchad been rekindled, and additional la bourers had been employed. Could they hesitate to draw favourable anticipations from the appearance of the iron market, when they remembered the great number of new railways for which plans; had been deposited; or could they hesitate to find consolation, when they remembered that at the commencement of the present century this country imported iron from Sweden, while now we were sending iron ourselves to the Baltic ? The necessary consequence of prosperity in regard to the market for cotton wool had been also felt by the manufacturers. He was not able to trace any portion of that improvement to the Bill which passed that House in the last session of Parliament, but he had reason Ito believe that although that Bill had created considerable excitement and jealousy amongst the manufac turers of machinery in this country, yet that excitement and jealousy had now been proved to be unnecessary. Could a more decisive test of the improvement and return to health of the trade of the country be found than in the increasing traffic in railways ? That increase had not been counted by hun dreds of thousands but by millions of money. He, therefore, said that he had good reason for anticipating that even the small pulses of the trade of the country would begin to increase in vigour. He would take the liberty of referring to one or two circulars which usually appeared at this season of the year from persons in trade to their practical customers, from men who could not be for a moment suspected to have prepared those circulars for any party or political purpose. When he looked at those circulars, he could fancy that he held in his hand a manual of geography. First and foremost, he would refer to China. She had taken a great —a vast quantity of the products of this coun try.—( Cries of " Hear, hear.") He ( Mr. Cardwell) was rejoiced at that part of her Majesty's speech which showed the great line of policy she had, and intended to, pur sue towards China. He was sure that they would afford a glorious example to that country, and would show to all that the best source of wealth and competence was unlimited competition in commerce. The Noble Lord who had moved the address had referred to what had taken place in France. He trusted that the time was not far distant when the trade between that country and England would be such as to be worthy of each other.—( Hear.) It was of the utmost import ance that commercial interests between different countries should be fully considered, but it was necessary that the home market should be considered.—( Hear, hear.) All practical men pointed at that as the only safeguard of the British manu facturer. If the statements the Noble Lord and himself had made of the revival of trade were the right ones, which he be lieved to be the case, the House would excuse him if he now turned to matters of congratulation in other respects. He was well aware that in all Governments there would be a difference of opinion. The present Govern ment had, in the late outbreaks that had taken place, been able, by a temperate severity, to vindicate the majesty of the law, and had ensured the good feeling of the people. The House would be glad to learn that a Bill which had passed last ession with their unanimous concurrrence, and from which the most beneficial results had been antici pated, had already produced the most gratifying results. That was not the place in which to speak of individual munificence, of the sacrifices which had been made by those who were possessed of patronage, but the House would be glad to learn that there were already 150 applications from dif ferent districts before the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and that in consequence of the Bill of last session, means would be afforded to half a million of persons, to enjoy religious advantages in connection with the Established Church. There was another subject on which their deliberations in that House had been less unanimous, but he was happy to say that the earnest anxiety which had been exhibited by the House to grapple with the subject of education had called forth a spirit and excited an energy on the subject in the minds of the . people at large. If they had not been able to make united efforts thay had at least made simultaneous efforts for the dispelling of ignorance and from the candid spirit i s ith w hi c h the subject had been discussed in that House, and which had, he hoped, excited a corresponding spirit out of doors, heltrusted that theiresult would be the establishment of a system of education which might meet with the cordial concur rence and support of all moderate and reflecting men. He believed that the people were sincerely grateful to the Giver of all good for the return of that prosperity, the bless ings of which they appreciated still more from the recent experience which they had had of adversity ; and they looked upon that prosperity as but a type of that to whicfh she was destihed to attain hereafter. They looked to the ex tent of her resources; they counted up the armies and the fleets of her commerce which was bounded only by the habitable globe, and they felt that this anticipation, of fortune and greater prosperity rr as something more than the mere dream of an enthusiast. A century had scarcely elapsed since the empire of the East had been opened to them by the genius of one of the Noble Lord's ancestors.—(Loud cheers.) In the lifetime of their fathers their manufactures were yet struggling in their infancy. When they considered these things, and reflected on the accelerated motion which progressive improvements gave to the wheels of time, they could not but feel assured that there was a high destiny in store for this country, the extent of which the boldest could not ven ture to predict, and which yet those even now living might reasonably expect to see accomplished. This was no idle dream; it was merely an anticipation of what they might expect to see realised from that union of energy and prudence which they believed to be the fortunate peculiarity of the national character. By the charter enjoyed by Britons it was their birthright not to be denied any of the advantages to be derived from their own well-directed industry and prudent conduct, and these were not to be hazarded by crude and precipitate legislation. They desired to be guarded by the recollection of past successes against any rash and hasty interferences with other interests, whose sympathy it was wise for all should be cultivated. They knew that when rade had been brought to a happy maturity as in this country, that to create differences between different interests was indiscreet in the extreme—that from that inauspicious hour the decline of one would begin, and assuredly prove the bane of all. Pru dent men, such as these, would not hazard, by fallacious views and speculative theories, their well-grounded prospects of prosperity and success. Adulation had likened the mer chant of England to the Princes of Tyre ; but he wisely rejected the comparison, for Tyne was a deserted place, and he had learned that purely commercial places, however they may have risen for a time into wealth and renown, have soon sunk again into poverty and desolation. The merchant here knew he never could be better off than under the advantages he derived from the British con stitution; he liked far better that confidence and certainty which steadiness and sobriety attached to his pursuits, and which were the sure signs that his efforts would be matured into the full fruits of a great and widely-spread pros perity.— ( Cheers.) He could not but return his thanks to the House for the indulgence he had experienced after tres passing at so great a length, although he had precluded himself from many subjects, to which, fo r t unate l y, the Noble Lord, in his opening speech, so ably alluded. The Hon. Member formally seconded the address, and resumed his seat amidst loud cheers. The SPEAKER having read the address, Mr. HUME, who commenced in a very low tone, and was scarcely audible in the gallery, said he could not quite unite with the Honourable Gentlemen who had just addressed the House in the glowing terms in which they had spoken of the removal of distress from the country . --( Hear, hear)—but at the same time he must acknowledge, and he did so with great satisfaction, that they met at that time under more favourable auspices as regarded the rate of the population than they did in the last session ; and he thought there was also ground to hope for continued improvement. lie could not but think that the present mode of proceeding with respect to the address was extremely objec tionable ; it was impossible under the present arrangement that there could be due deliberation.—(Hear.) The speech consisted of twenty-three distinct passages, every one of them containing matter of considerable importance ; and yet they were called • upon without having even a copy of that speech in their hands, which they ought to have had before they came to the House to vote an answer to a speech containing such various and complicated topics. He had on former occasions protested against the present course of proceed ing. Mary years ago, attempts had been made to allow it. It could not be supposed, a hasty effusion, like the address, drawn up by two Hon. Members, who knew as little of the subject as themselves, would be looked upon by h er M a j esty i n any other light than as a farce. Twenty-two years ago, an Hon. Baronet, who had lately departed this life, stood forward, in conjunction with his associate in the representation of Westminster, and submitted to the House a most reasonable alteration in the existing practice, namely, that four and twenty hours should be given to eon eider her Majesty's speech, in order that the answer to it might be entitled to due estimation. But now they were called on to deliberate after two hours. He had no doubt that snme parts of her Majesty's speech might have given offence to individuals. He would not dwell, however, on that which was omitted in the speech. There was one paragragh in it which gave him great satisfaetion, namely, that which referred to the existence of friendly relationsbetween this country and France. He was aware how beneficial peace was to the manufacturing and commercial prosperity of every country, and he would be therefore prepared to go even f art h er than the words of the address with regard to the connection between the two countries. The policy of her Majesty's Go vernment in bringing about a good understanding between France and England, was likely to be more con ducive than any other to the interests of the country. The prosperity of the country was more l i k e l y to b e promoted by an intimate union with . France than any ot h er, and while both those countries remained united the peace of the world would be secured, and all the advantages whi c h oug h t to be expected from peace—diminution of taxation and reduction of expenditure would follow. He was sorry to say t h ey did not enjoy all the advantages which a closer commercial in • tercourse would confer; but he, h owever, repeated the expression of his satisfaction with that part of her Majesty's speech which rel a t e d to the amicable rela tions subsisting between those countries.—( Hear. ) The seconder of the addre ss h a d pa i nted in glowing terms the advantages which we may deri ve , an d were already deriving, from our commercial negotiations with China. When the Right Honourable Baronet and Gentleman behind him considered the tariff the Chinese had lately imposed, they could not but feel ashamed of themselves for having allowed the Chinese so far to have out-stepped them in enlightened prin ciples of commerce. By the Chinese tsriff, every article of food was admitted free of duty. Let the Right Hon. Baronet and his Colleagues follow that example. We had been called barbarians by the Chinese, and he thought the terms were not misapplied when the principles of our tariff were considered. He would take that opportunity of re .erring to one subject, which he thought was highly credita ble to the character of this country and honourable to the in dividual in whom it had originated. He alluded to the supplemental treaty which had been boncluded by the Majesty's Plenipotentiary. By this treaty every nation was admitted to trade with our recent possessions in China. He thought this most praiseworthy, and an honour to the country. He (Mr. Hume) had proposed an amendment to one of the paragraphs of the address, which was to this effect NOTICES OF lATION.-SINDE. Lord ASHLEY gave notice that on the 7th of February, he would move that an humble address be presented to her Majesty, praying that her Majesty would be graciously pleased to take into her consideration the situation and treatment of the Ameers of Sinde, and directing their immediate restora tion to liberty and the enjoyment of their estates ; also a notice of motion for the 15th of February, for the appointment of a Select Committee to consider the state of medical relief afforded to the sick poor. STATE OF IRELAND. Lord JOHN RUSSELL gave notice that he would move, on the 13th of February, that the House resolve itself into a Committee of the whole - House to consider the state of Ireland. —(Cheers.) PRISON DISCIPLINE. Mr. LINDSAY (on behalf of the Hon. Member for Lea mington) gave notice that, on the 15th of February, he would move for a Select Committee to consider the Report of the Inspectors of Prison Discipline, the evils of a uniform system of punishment, and the adoption of such amendments as mi g h t be deemed advisable. ORDNANCE OFFICE.—MR. BONHAM. Mr. DIVETT gave notice that on the Sth of February he would move, that an humble address he presented to her Ma. jesty, praying that her Majesty would be graciously pleased to dismiss Mr. Bonhani from the situation which he held in the Ordnance.office.—(Laughter.) EDUCATION IN IRELAND. Mr. M. MILNES gave notice,thitOn the Bth of February he should submit a resolution to the House, to the effect that it is just and expedient that a provision should be glade by law that whilst we acquiesce with your Majesty i the commendations bestowed on the officers and men empler in our late military operations in Sinde, we with hold any expression of opinion respecting the political negotiations pending with, and the dethrone ment and imprisonment of the Ameers of Sinde.' He found that before he came into the House, a notice had been given, by which the subject would be brought before the House on an early day. For his own part he protested a 4ainst the whole proceedings that had been taken *elf , " that unfortunate country.—( Hear, hear,) He thought Eng land had disgraced itself iu the eye of the world by the pro' ceedings they had adopted in Sinde. The Hon. Gentle man who bad seconded the Address had talked of the peaceful progress of commerce, he hoped in doing so he did not include India, where by armies conquests had been effected in total violation of every engagement this country bad made with it. (LEFT SPEARING.) TATTERSALL'S-THIS EVENING• QUARTER TO SIX O'CLOCK. 14 to 1 agst Sir Robert CHESTER CUP. 16 to 1 agst The Prior 22 to 1 agst Tacita 25 to 1 agst Rowland 25 to 1 agst Reciprocity 20 to 1 agst Merry Andrew • 20 to 1 agst Winter. DERBY. 13 to 2 agst the Ugly Buck 7 to 1 agst Rattan 14 to 1 agst Leander 18 to 1 apt Loadstone 18 to 1 agst Orlando 25 to 1 agst Cockamaroo 25 to 1 agst Running Rein 25 to 1 agst T'Auld 'Squire 35 to 1 agst Voltri 45 to 1 agst Apprentice IRELAND. (FROM OUR OWN REPORTERS.) DUBLIN, WEDNESDAY, JAN. 31. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH. With respect to the fracas between the Attor ney-General and Mr. FITZOIBBON, yesterday, au parties, of every shade of politics with whom have spoken on the subject, agree in condemning the first law officer of the Crown, as one of the most indiscreet:of men. The affair has created quite a sensation here, and will no doubt furnish much' food for comment to the London journals. Point o'CLocR, P.M. The mail from Loudon has not yet arrived. It i 4 blowing quite a gale, with a heavy rolling sea, and apprehend the mail cannot possibly reach before eigbs o'clock this evening. SUMMARY of the STATE TRIALS' (FIFTEENTH DAY.). The Court of Queen's Bench sat today at ten o'cl4n l4 when Mr. FITZGIBBON resumed his address to the Court. He submitted, that if the speech alleged to have been delivered by Mr. O'CoinvELL at Mallow could bear tb° construction put upon it by the Attorney-General,it would amount to high treason, an d th a t t h e present charge misdemeanour would be merged in it—the less i° the greater—and that, therefore, the prosecutions natisV fall to the ground. He commented at considerable length on the sentiments expressed in that speech. The AT' TORNEY-GENERAL, in observing upon the words of Alr O'CONNELL, that they (the Government) should never trample upon him—that they should trample upon dead body first—said, that Mr. O'CoNxELL meant that he would resist the civil authorities with guns, bayonets, pikes, &c. Had subsequent circus' stances, he (Mr. Fitzgibbon) asked, warranted such a construction ? Certainly not. Where wagi there a more active and a more intelligent police than in Ireland, and yet where ,had they been able to discover those stores of pikes, guns, and bayonets, that were to be thus employed by Mr. O'CONNELL. No ; Mr. O'Cormar. meant no such thing. He meant that in the event of any violent measures being adopted against him by the authorities, he would be ever fowl& at his post among the people making use of those weapons which he best could use. The eloquence and tb• firmness with which GOD had endowed him. The Learns Counsel engaged the Court the entire doy. The latter portion of his address was directed to show that no cote spirator against the peace of the country or the safety of the throne, such as it was attempted by these prosecutions to prove Mr. O'CoNNELL to be, could or would use th e language embodied in the very speeches relied on by the Crown for their case, and he quoted copious extracts' from Mr. O'CoNNELL's speeches in support of this poSi-• tion. The Learned Gentleman was addressing the Court when our express left. LLOYD'S SHIPPING. NOTICE TO MARINERS. LIGHT IN THE PIOMBINO CHANNEL, MEP.'" TERRANEANeive . The following h as been recd at Lloyd's from al° Hydrographic Office : Admiralty, Jan. 22, 1844. The Grand Ducal Government of Tuscany has give, notice that a small fi xe d li g h t was exhibited on the 151' instant from the Tower on Pelmagola Island, in the; Piombino Ch anne l, in lat. 42 deg., 52 min., 6 see . N., a. 5"; lon. 10 d eg ., 28 m i n., 50 sec. E. This light is 338 tee:" above the level of the sea, but from its minuteness it u 16 17 not be visible beyond the distance of five miles. l a It will continue to be shown every night until replao7.l io" by a mor e p ower f u l li g h t which is now preparing, l of which due notice will be given. Th( le Earl of Jersey still continues to suffer 11.0 ' .he accident he met with at Windsor Castle. The winter at Christiania, in Norway, luvi be i g e extraordinary for that northern climate. Up t o th e 23d Pi" the date of the last arrivals, not a flake of snow haul fake and there had not been any frost. The thermometer 'been, for several days, at from 3 to 5 degrees above zer Reaumur, from 38 to 44 degrees of Fahrenheit, and the ev' as bright and warm as in May. SUDDEN DEATH.—An inquest was held on ligotv day, before J. Barnett, Esq., Coroner, at the Bee Hive on the body of Elizabeth Mudden, a woman of colour, Pw; in Africa. It a p peared in evidence that she had been for el last 87 years a servant in the family of her late mistress, 14 ,,1; Arbuthnot, of No. 15, M ontpellier Villas, having entered family when only fi ve years old. Verdict, "Died by. D visitation of God"— Cheltenham Examiner. . he GUIZOT AND THE CARLISTS.—We copy froni r l'" correspondence of an Evening Contemporary the fe llol o l- "b just remarks on the scene which took place in the Fitfea. it Chamber on Friday :—" The Legitimatists, driven into 4 ()CO Ir e turned upon M. Gui zo t p ersona ll y, and were joined Republicans of the extreme Lett. Thus was presented Vies al e :, tacle of unprincipled immorality in pa r ti es , combined leitit'd suitism in religion. Th e y a tt emp t e d to b eat down M s . 6,0 voice ; to overwhelm, to exhaust him ; they bawle4L bark_7: menaced, browbeat, and interrupted—but they Qneiw punished. M. Guizot rehearsed, in brief term' s , a c. 1 1 - sistent life ; and wh en h e c h allenged contraidction barkers and b raw l ers h eld their peace. " Toil ;31kY„' , exclaimed the great orator, " heap calumnies n ' calumnies ; but you will never bring them up tP the height of my disdain." Never was there such a teiteer: even for Guiz o t— never was there such humiliatiop eve n for the Left — never did the unnatural emmbination o f infidelity with priestcraft look so disgusting a nd bater. Guizot rose above his opponents. He rose above IdresTir He proved that he was as ready for the everyday work debate as for carefully meditated discussion—ma advers ar f not to be taken unawares, and, when assailed, n o t to be elf: cited exc e pt b y an unmanly effort to beat hi m (low physical violence, and th en on l y t o s h ow how feeble'' pitiable are vulgar mob weapons against genius armed e' ll4l. truth and honour." The Earl of v WVinchilsea arrived at Farrance's Hate], 2 „.„ 61- grave-street, on T ues d a y even i ng. The Earl of lifinto a l ) 4- arrived on Tuesday evening at Farranco's Hotel, from Sot land. BIRTHS. On the 24tb ult., Mrs. Helbers, Upton, Cheshire, of a sal2 ,.i On the 27th ult., th e l a d y o f It . S tewart, Esq., v . crescent, Torquay, of a son. -On the 27th ult., at Streatham-common, the lady of A drew Hamilton, Esq., of a daughter. On the 27th ult., at Chippenham-park, Cambridgeshi. -, the lady of the Rev. Augustus J. Tharp, of a son. On the 28th u1t.,7 in Margaret-street, the' lady of W ill " inz Hood, jun., Esq., of a son. On the 28th ult., at Blackheath, Mrs. W. Dunn, of A ti; On the 29th ult., at D u l w i c h, t h e l ady o f L. IL of a son. MARRIED. On the 24th ult., at Llanligan, John, son of Thomas Hag ham, Esq., of Charleston, South Carolina, United St ates, to Letitia, daughter of Colonel 'William Lyster, late of G reen — ford Manor House, Middlesex. DIED. On the 23d ult., at Cl owance, C ornwa ll, the Rev Job Molesworth St. Aubyn, Vicar of Crowan. On the 24th ult., at Bickenhall Vicarage, Carolin e ' Y°l43g est daughter of the Rev. Carew Elers. London : Printed and Published by MUIIDO I.°lll' i n G4 th • .No. 112, Strand, at Th e S un Once, No. 112, Strand, County of Alideenx, ThurEtay, February 1, 1844 THE STATE TRIALS. FIFTEENTH DAY.-BY EXPRESS. THE QUEEN V. DANIEL O'CONNELL AND OTIHERS• Mr. FITZGIBBON bas occupied the court the entire day in the Queen's Bench, and speculation is busy i n the hall to account for the great length to which the Learned Gentleman has drawn out his address. Among the many rumours prevalent, there , is one to which credence is somewhat generallf attached. It is that he is speaking against time in order that the speech from the throne maY reach Dublin, and be perused by Mr. O'CotOtELL, before he commences his address to the Court. How far th is may be a correct representation of the tactics of the travorsers lam unable to state. I merely mention it es a pretty generally believed rumour. Mr. WHITESIDE it is understood will speak to-morrow► and then Mr. O'CoNNEu. will procoed to address the Court on Friday, and close on Saturday night. Thus it is most probable the whole of next week will be con' sumed in those trials.