The Sun. — London, England, 1803-01-05 00:00:00

TO VIE IVBLIC,' , . ‘` Awli a:!eiam t.srtini.' , :__rilear; the other 1.44 'l'H a above legal never 'will be departed um by liberal minds ; under that convidion I ad_ ess the Public, callimori it to - subpend its opinion I c;ise, till th; fetirly beir.re it. The excessive, misrepreSentatiop that has so Icing r varied Pririti on .the 46jeCt of ,in}i'affairs id condu4i, demando, with irresistible force, - that break through that silence which tontempt for the :ince' of umprovoked enemies had determineti me to iserve. Almost every hour presents some new outrage on ft,elings. of my friends, through the VfliOUS edivms made use of by private prejudice to abuse public Mind. To the Public I pledge myself, that a plain state ient'of fqds relative to the bankruptcy, and other be presented with all possible cxpedi. on, Doter I shall not be able to give currealy, for pqrt of my correspondence , , no sort of papers hive een,hel4 siicrecl by my opponents: but I will state ittS t . . o«'d 34 January, JOHN HATYULD. XTILACT OP A. I,II4TER PROM AN ENGLISH GEN TLEMAN,'WHO HAS RESIDED IN ?ARTS SINCE Hits PEACE. DATLD mite. 17. S have been anxious to know in' what man. ter Mr. FOX, would account for his extraordinary ;Oahe during his visit to this Country, and were lot surprised to learn from the' accounts in the trench Papers (for those of England are not easily , ot at) that he ~ prudently abstained from saying such upon the sitbjed.—se ritose.who still favour him mongst. tuel:asett e that during the time he staid in he wits. gno, more than twice in conversation Kith. the FIKST CONSUL.. I am not prepared to lecide upon that point, but am well assured he never lined one day without being in company with some if the French Ministers ; but he chiefly courted the society of TALLILYKAIID. The motive to this !ould not be that he might have a greater facility if access to any historical documents or such sources if information. The Minister of the Interior has io Other library.,than any private Gentleman. All hose documents and pieces which have reference to listory, are deposited in the National Public Li. irary,,to which any one may have recourse without Ministerial influence. But enough of Mr. F'ox— he name of a 1011 'man it, that which the English tore usually apply to him, Indeed an English. no may well blush at. such condua, when he con. casts it with that of the dignified MOR env. This :elebrated man has' never condescended once to 'resent himself at the Court of DONAPARTE, or .ssociate with his Ministers, On the contrary, vhile he studiously avoids mixing in all public affairs, i is one pf the very few who will now presume o speak of them without reserve, or any fear either if- the Goveintrient or of its Myrmidons. As a ova of this I need only mention that being lately it a public breakfast, where some of the party were 'peaking , 61 the Tree 'of I.ibetty, 1146eamr ex. ,:leimeil—, , lL'Arbre di la. Liberte est Attri,Psti, et it me' ,y "WO -tor France gme !Worse ,(La Coast)." This 'pow upon the bark and the. Corsican, was !aught up immediately, flew in an instant to the Pa sit Royale, in less than an hour was 'whispered in the Thailleries, and in the course of the day re. iounded through all Paris.—But however galling the Poe d'espro might have been to some in poWer, NIOLIAU, who daily rises in public favour, seems to be in no danger of being very soon molested by leGovernment. " Ida not believe there was the slightest ground For the rep ort that Mrs. Fox was ev er intro d uce d to MadameUOTIAPARTE, nor could I observe that the tanner Lady skewed the smallest disposition to make herself conspicuous. " 'As to Madame BONAPARTS ) you may depend limn it, that she is not so accessible as you might I ,ave heard represented : but that the Wife of the FIRST CONSUL holds herself as high, and now ex. lets as much etiquette as any of the other Imperial Limes of Europe. In other respeds, I apprehend, the has been much misrepresented, and much too Freely spoken of. It has fallen in my way to have heard of many traits of het kindness, humanity, and generosity, but I never knew her accused of having done any one an injury. " If ambition were not a passion which absorbs and deitilens every feeling or sentiment which would stand in its way, I should never conceive what charms there could he grandeur and power, to compensate BONAPARIR for the evident anxieties ander whiCh he exists. His life is a perpetual scene of jealousy and distrust; he is evidently. haunted 5y the eternal terrors of assassination ; he has no longer any intimate friends or confidants ; those by whom he Mmi' Umlaut - AO, 'have successively disap.. leared. His brothers, brothers 7 in-law, his f r i en d 14K-rime, his favourite LACNES, whom he was in the habit of keeping in the same room with him, all scattered at a distance from him', and from each other. --His toiVi , deratr Si EY ES, his in:in/Meta FOUCH with a long et, cetera, have only had their thii.— Ile cannot put trust long in any one , an d none are sure of his favour for a moment. To Paris, the people seldom know, whether the Fiery CONSUL lee at St. Chid, Mahnaiion, .of the Mei/ter/el ; noire of his Household are privy to the room' he means to sleep in ; the hour of; his Setting off from any .of his residences, is alWayti a Mystery. In his journey to Rauru, &e. it is well known, that he sat out several hours before the time that , ' was an. bounced. Ile travels with a train of five or six carriages, _but nobody can tell in which is the FIR&I; CONSUL. His GOards are supposed to h e , as they justly should, very much attached to hint ; but it is AO impenetrable secret, who zji a k h e ca ll e d to 31te14011 his pert.on iur the day. It is supposed, that he,is rued when he appears on, the tirade , but every one cart see, that he is perpetually surrounded by a concourse of hi s a e r ie:a l t. Such is the coN. fol a b.4 life of a man, 'who has had sogreat - a n i n . finence on the de st i n i es o f the NW" • . AFFAIRS 0? Sill " ZERLIND. Tut ilifon;reur of thel27th of December contains a very long article, setting forth the ancient Con. stitution of Switzerland, and pointing out its de. ?cal. "The ancient Constitution of Switzerland it describes as follows : Cantons are all perfectly independent of eadt other, and had little union among themselves, except that slight federal union which resulted from their sending Deputies to the General Diet. The Diet was regularly assembled each year, at the end of June or the beginning of July; their or4ntry place of meeting was at Frawenfeid, a town of Turgovia, which belonged to the 'eight original Cantons in common ; but the place of meet ing was changed according to circumstances, ,and the time of meeting Was fixed, by the Canton of Zurich, who possessed the functions of the Helvetic Chancery. Every one of the thirteen Cantons sent two De puties to the Diet, which made the number of De puties at the Helvetic Diet twenty-six. Besides the regular Anneal Diets, Extraordinary Diets used to he summoned on particular occa iiqns, but (as the object of their Meetings was prin. cipally to settle the affairs of their Allies, which were dependent upon the union of all the Swiss Cantons, to take an account of the expences of the Government, and to settle disputes which tnipt arise among the Cantons) the Diet wanted potters to treat in the name of the Swiss nation with Foreign Power, and for a long time France was al. most the only power that attempted to form intl. 1- mate alliances with them; but she always found considerable obstacles in the Constitution of Swit. zerland, in which such a number of Cantons, badly organized, were independent of each , other, and of Swiss union. In Zurich, which was a Protestant Canton, the sovereignty resided in a Council of 212, chosen out of the twelve tribes of Bourgeoisie of the Town, and , of the one tribe of Nobles, but the inhahitants .of the Country were not eligible, they were therefore tr;bjeas to the people of the Town. In Berne, which was also a Protestant Canton, im,t4 Governinent was in the hands of the Grand Council of 200, and the Senate of 27. Although they filled up their own vacancies, yet no person was eligible to sit in the Council who was not a Member of the Bourgeoisie of the town. Therefore in this Canton also the People of the Country were Subjeels to the Bourgeoisie of the town, who were . the . Sovereigns. The Cantons of Lucerne, Soleure, Basle, and Schaffhausen, were also governed by the People of those towns. In Friburgh, the Government was the property of 71 privileged families ; there was a Council eleaed by the Remrzeoilie of the town, who had the privilege of naming to the vacant offices, but their choice was confined to the 71 privileged families. The little Cantons of Uri, Schwitz, Underwald, and Glaris, were somewhat more democratic in their Constitntions. To this statement of . the former Constitutioh of S'.vitzerland, the following refleitions artiadded A Republic, the seat of which 'is a Maritime Town, may exercise sovereignty over the country, . because Commerce is flufficient to supply the wants `of that town, and to give the inhabitants wealth enough to keep the people of the country in a state of dependence. " Again, when all the property of the lands be. longs to Lords, and the labourers are Stp:ft, the town in which those Nobles reside,' may exercise a sovereignty over the country, and by degrees, the rich Citizens of that town may introduce themselves into the Government; but when the ashivatart of the ground are become proprietors, it, is impossible to refuse them liberty; and when the pettiest trades. man living in the town has a share of the love. reignty, it is ridiculous to exclude from it the inha. bitants of the country. The most foolish of all aristocracies which exist, is no doubt 'village aristocracy; it is making distinctions among non-entities. Who will pretend to say now, that. corporations. of Bakers and Pas. try Cooksliving in Towns should be Sovereigns over Millers and Labourers who live in the Country ? On the other hand, the more logical argument would be, that the Millers and Labourers in the Country s houldi rather consider the Bakers and the Pastry-cooks of the towns as their subieas, inas much as they are often dependent on them, The slightest glance at: the History of Switzerland, will be sufficient to prove that the sovereignty of the towns over the Country . was founded on motives which no loner exist ; this soverei gnt y h as la ite d longer than t Te reasons which gave it - birtN- .:.sheets custom. But . when institutions, which have no other foundation left than rumim, ore once destroy ed, they arc destroyed for ever. A sovereignty ex ercised by. Corporations of Bakers is a profanation of the Majesty of Nations and of Sovereigns, 'and Such personages should feel it very agreeable to rank themselves ategaals with . those whom they fOrMerly considered their subjeas, for, politically speaking, theyare all so far on a level, that they are all of them obliged to labour for their subsistence. • • " In all times, and in all nations, the men Who are particularly called to the exercise of sovereignty, are those who, being by fortune independent, have leisure to .devote themselves entirely to the service of their Country ; In such a case, dittinftion is conferred for the. public advantage but to - Sepa. race into the distintt classes rsitjear and sp , verOirtr, bourgeois and cultivators of the ground, pastry-cooks . and millers, shoe-makers, and Sellers of oxen, (nano f3aurers' of woollen-cloth, and the proprietors of the flocks which supply them with wool, is a thing im. ‘ posSible, and which ha s on l y ex i ste d w h en i ostitu.; tions have departed from the reasons for which they Were established. We may then venture to pre, (ha, that from theneeforward there will be no more distinetions in that country, or at least that they will be much bitter. contrived." ; ,11k Is:ME ft, R :1; n7olitA . COURT OF‘KING's D;c. sztoitz LORD LLLZHROROUOIi. SOLGREBN V. BOLTON. ' Mr. PARKE said, this was an Adion on a Policy of Insurance on a Swedish ship, bound 'from a port of Sweden to Alicant. The insurance had been effeeted as long ago as the year 1797, at a premium of three guineas per cent. The policy had been underwritten in consequence of a letter to a Mr. Branscombe; 'from the Swedish owners, desiring hi m to get the Insurance effeded ; that letter he had communicated' to the Defendant, who with full knowledge of. its contents, had signed the Policy. The Ship , was lost in the course of the voyage insured, and he could not conceive what defence would he resorted Ito. The present Adion had been delayed only in conse quence of the death of the Captain, and the difficulty of finding any of the crew to prove the loss ; the Plaintiffs had at. length been able to procure the testimony of the Boatswain, and the moment the Jury had heard it, they 'must find a verdid for the Plaintiff. Mr. Branscornbe proved the signature of the De. fendant to the Policy, On his cross-examination, he, admitted he had not told the Defendant that he had declared he would not insure the Ship at ten guineas per cent, nor had he described her as a misssing, Ship; he had merely laid .before' him the letter of his Principal, stating the'day she had sailed, and that she had not returned. The Boatswain described the voyage of the ship in question ; the set :sail with alair Mod," and had favourable weather for some days, butencountering. a severe storm, she was wrecked 'on the Cast .of Barbary, driven ashore, and burnt by the •inhospi table Barbarians. The crew with difficulty escaped to their own Country. Mr. ERSKINE observed, that .if a statute.of lu. nacy had been taken out against his client, better evidence in support of it eoUld nit be wished than that he had signed the Policy in question ; however, ,if he had not been taken by - surprize, but had had -.all the fatis communicated to him, he must suffer for his folly. • Lord ELLEmaoaotrott said, it was a very fair Cause; thi; Agent who had received instruEtiont to :insure the Ship, had imparted all, he knew to the Underwriter, who had his .chaice, whether, under all the circumstances, lie Would .subscribe the Policy or not. He had received the picmium„ The Ship had been lost ; and' therefore he. was ,bnund to pay the Insurance.—Verdid for the Plaintiff 1991. LIAM' V. DARLINGTON. This was' an` Aftion` In' recover the value. 'of a horse. The parties were both respectable Mer- • chants. The Plaintiff wiihingth-purchase a horse to run in his curricle, bargained' with the Defendant for one belonging' to him , 'upon the express war rant that it would ggb well in harness ; but upon trying the animal, .it proved urtcontaionly vicious and untraetable, reared up, kicked, and ,at. length: lay down. The defence Was, that the • horse had not been sold as a saddle horse. The evidence:of Mr. Jones, the Riding-Master, proved the casts of the Plaintiff ; who had a Verdia TO 701. ; • • - • * • RODDIS , LEES. Tith was an Action to recover a considerable turn of money on a Mortgage Bond. Never was a more shameful Aftit:.: brought into a Court.. It appeared. that the Plaintiffhad been paid the mortgage money ; but the bond had by some means been negletted to be delivered up. Speculating upon. the probability of the death of the Witnesses to the trannaCtion, the. Plaintiff had instituted this suit for the recovery of principal and interest. Fortunately the son of the' Attorney who had managed the business many years ago, was found residing on the Continent. He re membered the whale affair, and proved that the . I),:fendant had made a subsequent mortgage of her property, with the proceeds of which she had satis fied the Plaintiff every 'shilling of his demand. Lout ELLiNaoßouott said, the verditt of the Jury could not do stria justice ; but he hoped the ;day would come when the 'Plaintiff, who had so in ,fatnouilycondufted himself, would have his conduit scrutinized before a different Tribunal.--Verdict for the Defendant. The interests of Literature derived considerable aid during the progress of last year, which, indeed, on that account, is particularly entitled to the grateful retrospalion of the Scholar, .the friend of Scieocei the Moralist and the Theologian. The truths of Religion have been asserted and illus. trated by the Works of SIMPSON, LINDSEY, Nis. BET; IVIALTDY, and 'PALEY—its precepts hiie been enforced by the Discourses of ScoTT, PLUMP. TRE, WRANCIHAM,, GISBORNE, and the Bishop of Lortdortvg The- lodates, indeed, of this estolOary Prelate ought to be mentioned ;with particolar re. sped, as .they were able, for four successive Lents, to .arrest the attention of, the higher class of. the Community, and, 'during one happy interval at least, to set Fashion on the side of Truth and the Gospel. Philosophy has been cultivated, though without any abundaot or rich return, in all its provinces. in;:the Mathematics, we have a geome. trical Treatis • on Conic Sedions, by. the Savilian Professor at. Oxford, Mr. ROBERTSON : in Meta. physics, Governor PowttALL's Intelleetual Physics, on .the Nature of Being, and the Progression of Existence.: in Natural Philosophy and History, PLAYFAIIes Illustration Of the Huttonian System of the Earth.: a general System of Nature, by Dr. TUBTON; a third volume of Dr. SHAW'S copious and accurate Zoological Work, and two Botanical Treatises on the curious Vegetation of the Ocean, as it.is discoverable on our . Coasts, by Mews. STAcznousc and Dr. TURNkR, under the titles of the' Nerecs Britannica, and the British Fuci. .TheScienCe of Anatomy has been elucidated in several of its , parts by the, pens of BELL anii CAIt.PI,IE ; and the present state of Chemistry has been fully shetsn by that of Dr. Tnintsolv, 'the Chemical Leaurer iii Edinburgh.. 'Medicine also his obtained some attention from its numerdus and a bie rrolessors ; and its usefulness ha's been ad. ANTS a SITUATION, as UNDER CLE, in a Merchant's AceorOyibg.hotese, OVai- :Clerk ut au Attorney 'a or any, other Officpw a Young Mani who — write a g o at! and expeditious hand, anal has no - objealoilt.° carry out mtail afid•to render himself useful tO Employer. Ke4pc,:table references as to charn4ter• Srf* sari be given. A lisle titUe*seti t 9 W. U. at Mr. sh arp ' s , No. iv, Duke. street, wiU be immediately at tended to. • , . LONDON PiinteirbY IiIiCHANAN 1144MILLAli, (OhliiM4tivet. Coretit-Gardto); And Published by W A asticsa _Sca trr At the SULDNITICE. No. 4 .• .•-• • - vAtrd by the labours of Drs. 114)51tTi` and Cn r Y the : former of whom 'hits 'pobliihed " The EAin. burgh .School of Medicine.," and the hater, Es stips on the Diseies of Children," among which is one, on that most dangeroOs complaint, the terror of parents and nurses, the Cynanche Trachealis, or the CrOup. • Fa E NCH Ayle c 00Te..:--Some years ago a Gentle mah was travelling near the small village of Gondre- .... court, when hi s c arr i age b ro k e d own. Th ere was --, •no Inn near the place, and as it would, take up ..'' sonic time to repair the carriage, the Traveller ap. plied 'at . the gate of a Monastery of Capuchins lot 4 Shelter and hospitality. He was received courteous- and the good Fathers'. and the Stranger were 'conversing together upon a variety of subjeat, when the bell rang for prayers. The Traveller .. was asked if he would join in prayer:, his answer . . was, that he was going 'to make an ,application to their for that purpose: After dinner the conversa- : tion was again resumed ; the Fathers talked of the„ interests of their Order, of the number of Capuchin • • Monasteries in Germany, France, and. Italy; of the .'-' merits and humility of St. Friers, their founder,')': &c. 'Upon a ll these - Paints - the Stranger 'not only i concurred in opinion with them, but even comtaii. nicated to them information upon some points. Ira- ;bort, hii b e h av i our , hi s talents, his knowledge , ' and . his piety, so captivated the Capuchins,,.that :they pressed him seriously to enter the Order.' The .: Stranger hesitated for some' time upon t hi s propo- , ' sition- r -in the mead while his carriage was ' an. flounced,. and the Convent was quitted by—Noe. -..- .... .. . . . ..• .: . r,itilte. - ' • • • .. The following is an extraet of a letter from . : Hawkesbury,. New South _Wales, dated September. zplir r • " I am appointed, agent on the estates of Mr. , and have 20 farms under my charge ; but . you are not to s u pp ose t h ese f arms like harm at hot= i they consist of from 3o to 66 acres, some ~ more, hut not all cleared, with a . htit on each.-- The.principal farm; - on which I reside, has a mu.. dern built genteel house upon it, most agreeably situated on. the romantic and beautiful banks of . 1 the river H aw k es b ury . • . Th e whole of this extra:. , ordinary country, with very few exceptions, .of a ; ,. . I spot here and t h ere , ( at l e a st as far as ilas beeifdisr . 1 'covered), was one vast; forest on its being taken possession of by our countrymen. It is'very thinly peopled ; the few natives that are. ta:be seen Are miserable slothful beings, possessin&no .. manne - r or:" 1 ingenuity, nor spewing the least: Mc:11113600 to acquire knowledge of any kind;:„Tiiis price` lies . near a vast range of mountains, *Welt haVe been , but parti a lly exp l ore d .. I have no-tdoulii,,"from their exterior appearance, but they abontill 'with metals of great vfilue. - Oar ancortstdeFible iitian.. ', tity of rain filling, it descends Irons 'these moon-. taint •in torrents,, and inunda 't'e s the '.sihrsile. of .the; adjacent country, frequently sweeping- awaY•trien,- • beasts, houses, stacks; stoelc; &c: before it, and' leaving the Miserable settler as bare' as . :NatUre formed him.. Notw . fthstanding these evils, these: floods, like the aerftOwing otthe 'Nile, have their ~ ! advantages,`bY fertilizing and enriehing Ilielind,'• ~ which prods Ces abUncis'nt crops there4te'r. ...I'luivei ' now. on 'Mr. ---..s account, near '4OO times of beat on the 'ground, which we expert to reap in Deeetither. „' ', - - ' '' . • '4" 4 In this dilitifl, where cultivation is properly attended, to, we generally average *36 to 40 bushcli per acre;, but.this extra produce only applies'to this situation and a few others, Ploughs are seldom used . .here, owing , to the stumps of the tr ees , w hi c h are .1 : cut about three feei' above 'the surface, and' the ~ ?ground is - broken by the hoe, and the .seed chipped in. We hive, at present a great scarcity ; wheneis now at zos. per bushel, but we shall soon (please , God) have a plentiful harvest." • SNIP NEWS. GRAVSSICND, JAN. 3. , t Passed by the Transit, Muirhead, from Smyrna ; Hambre Packet, Gooch, from Hambro ; Patriot, —, trom Mi ntz.; and the V.row fltena, ----, from Groningen. Sailed --the lane, White, for Dublin; and Supply, John son, for Pensacola. MAR R I ED . Yesterday morning, at St. Martin's in the Fields, Robert Beaver, Esq. Captain in thc Royal Artillery, to Miss Mor riion, of Salisbury -street. , DIND. On Wednesday evening last, Thomas Charles S.hairp f , Es q. of Great .St ? Helen's., On Sunday itiorning lust, at'lliq !ntie at INvickernham, in the ilist year of his age, Sir Riel4tat Perryni one of the Baronsof thoExnhcqucr.. • • On Mondarse'rinight, aged ~ MillYne t , iiiife,of the Rev. Mr. Malvne, of Eye, Norfolk:— • - • On the sfith ult. at her house, in,Argyle.sqqare, E4tio burgh, Monro. relia of Docior George Mauro, lat . •.: of , Auchinbouy, Stirlingshire. •At Kon . itapilli, in A pril last, Mr. fames Peat, Survon„ the Service of the lion. the F.ast india.Gonipany, ft Mr. iolui Peat, writer in Edirdugh. r ft 01. isTl 1 .7), t or. link Stock Navy 5 per Cell. shut per L cm, In% Ip2. I 641)5 per Cent, i per Lent. Con. RN 3 per Cent. !led. 72k 3 tier Cont. _Con. shut. I fittO Scrip .- flank 1.. Ann. io 5-161 Ditty Shutt Ann, 4 , 7-16 Pit!i, scrip 11,DAV. InAlia Stela' South $O4 Stock Exc:lieq. Bills s. to s. dt&. Fundablz ditto prerri. 3d Exchequer Bilis dis. thuniumMil 4 dis. Imper. 3 per Celli. 701 Ditto Arm. rut 9-1.6 Bank tor °pang% Judi* for Ace. Conc. tin Opening 73iii31k COURSt OF le KCIMINIGE. . TUESDAY, JAN. 4: _.. .. --- '• A A Amsterdam- 36 • r 2 1,12, ,N1a...ri.... iri.papet Ditto, at•siglit 35 9 Ditto - 3sb effearve Rotterdam - 36 2 . 2 us. L eg h orn -' - - . 491 Flainburgit -34 2 us. Naples ,-- - - 41 Altorta • '.• : ,.- 34 , I 2.ii uti. Genoa . ..- - 45 Paris zd'ay'sdst. 24 ' 4 VeiliCer- - . ii, Paris 2 1.M211C,C 24 E Limb Lisbon .. - - 0 7 4 Iteurdeaux, to. t 4" 9 Oporto . - • . 671 Cadiz - - —in paper Dublin . ... . . 1 1 , Ditto - -35 f effeiSave I Bilboa . . - 355• f s i ~~ ;