The Sun. — London, England, 1844-11-15 00:00:00

PARLIAMENTARY SESSIONAL PAPERS. SELECT COMMITTEE OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS ON BRITISH SHIPPING. — (No. 545. 11. C.) One of the most important points to which the evidence of the witnesses examined was directed (as we remarked in a former article on the Shipping In terest, and its prospects), regarded— " Reas j . 9rocity Treaties," and one of the main causes assigned by them for the depression in the value of shipping property which has been for many years taking place. This evidence applied to them under five principal heads :-1. Generally ; 2. Their injurious effect upon British Shipping ; 3. How far observed by Foreign Powers ; 4. No effect to be attributed to the Treaties—whether or not they ought to be further carried out; 5. Whether the Government could have avoided entering into them. These are all of them important matters in relation to the existing aspect of our shipping interest. Mr. Hall, of London, having observed that "no duties have been taken off ships excepting under the reciprocity treaties"—and having answered affirmatively to the question, " Whether he would have similar treaties for the reduction of duties on goods ?" proceeds—" I have no doubt they would be met in a similar spirit on the Continent. When the first reciprocity treaty was proposed in this country it was with Holland. M. Fagel was Minister here. Mr. Huskisson was at the Board of Trade ; and when M. Fagel represented to him that it was impossible for Holland to enter into a reciprocity treaty with this country, having the Navigation Act in favour of British shipping, Mr. Huskisson said— " That is the fundamental law of this country, but we have no objection to your passing a similar Act to , protect your own." But M. Fagel replied, "Those very items in the importation of which you protect British shipping are the very articles which we are exporting. Let us put a similar number of articles in our Navigation Acts, and we are ready to meet you." Mr. Geo. F. Young thus speaks to their injurious effhct upon British shipping and upon the freights, as exemplified by both the North American and Baltic timber trades :—" The stipulation under which Ame rican ships were placed, strictly speaking, on the principle of reciprocity, was long antecedent to the passing of the Reciprocity Duties Bill : it was part of our concurrence in the treaty of peace after the la,t war with America. That was followed out in the case of the American trade, by the loss to the British shipping of a great proportion of the direct carrying trade between the United States and this country, which ever since has been continued to be engrossod in a very large degree by American ship ping. I am hardly prepared to say whether this degree is increasing at the present moment; I am inclined to think it is not—the importations both in American and English ships having increased ; and I am not aw.are whether the proportions of that increase are in favour of American or British ton nage." " The same effect has principally fol lowed in the trade with those countries with which we have made treaties of reciprocity ; but as I con sider those treaties now to form part of the per manent policy of this country, I regard the system in no other light than as a cause of permanent pressure from fox eign competition upon British tonnage in certain trades, which deprives it of a great portion of the' navigation in those trades, and causes a re-action u p on other branches of mar iti me commerce which I will take the liberty of illustrat icle of timber the com p e ti ng ing. In the great art produce of the British Colonies or North America and the Baltic are so newly adjusted in price, in the British market, that a :very small variation will transfer the demand from the one article to a corre sponding production of the m other part of the world: and thus, the Baltic timber .being now, in a great degree, imported in Baltic sh ips at a low rate of freight, which the cheapness of k roduction and navi gation enables them to accept, drives the British a bipowner, engaging in the same tr:ade, to take the same rate of freight in that trade, inassnuch as there cannot be two prices for the same commodity in the same market. This" re• acts upon the American trade by preventing any rise in the freight of American timber ; because any such rise would in crease the cost of American timber in this market, and induce the consumers, in preference to paying that rate, at once to have recourse to the Baltic timber. Thus, I consider this particular alteration of our navigation system to be a cause of permanent pressure upon British tonnage. This, being in ope ration, has during the last few years been greatly aided by the concurrence of a variety of other cir cumstances leading to the same result. Among the most prominent, I have no hesitation in saying, is the over-production of ships. But I hope I shall be al lowed to explain why I have arrived at the conclu sion that that over-production has not been the result of any improvident act on the part of the British shipowners, but is almost wholly, if not entirely, the oonsequence of the freedom of admission of North American colonial-built ships to the privilege of British registry." The same witness proceeds to ex press a strong opinion that no further competition of foreign shipping should be admitted ; but that these in jurious effects of reciprocity treaties should operate as a warning against future errors of the same nature; especially, seeing that all the countries with which we have contracted these treaties can navigate more cheaply than ourselves. Mr. Somes concurs in the views of Mr. Young as to the disastrous influence of the reciprocity treaties on British shipping. He holds that no further infringement upon the present protection of that interest should be allowed; and that the same cause injuriously affects all other trades. Mr. Chapman thinks that these treaties have diverted shipping from some branches of commerce into others, and thus proved an active cause of com petition ; but Mr. Tanner, allowing that they are a cause of the depression complained of, remarks that in 1839 and 1840 our shipping was in a comparatively flourishing state. It is important to notice, on this last point, the dis crepancy between the unqualified evidence to depres sion for the last five years, given by Messrs. Young, Snsnes, &c. On the depression of freights, Mr. Anderson says, that though it was partly owing, during the last three years, to the generally bad state of trade, it was mainly attributable to the operation of these treaties ; and that it was particularly in the interval from 1826 to 1829 that this effect began to be felt, allowing for the action of the general distress then prevalent throughout the kingdom. The same cause, he states, had largely operated to produce all the main fluctua tions experienced by the shipping interest since 1820. The fact of our being, as to the northern ports of Europe, an importing, rather than an exporting, country, makes the system of reciprocity disadvan tageous to us. We are disposed to attach the more value to the evidence of this gentleman, on account of the great candoir and sound sense with which the whole bearings of reciprocity treaties, and, incidentally, of " discri minating duties," are set forth in the following answers to questions (2,004 to 2,036): — At the time of the reciprocity treaties, would it have been a very great detriment to our shipping if heavy discriminating duties had been imposed in foreign parts ?—No Ido not think it would. Will You explain how that could have failed to operate to the detriment of British shipping ?—I am giving my opinion by what occurred in Dantzic ; at the pole of Dantzic the duties were very heavy. There were double charges on British shipping at one time before the reciprocity treaties, and Dantzic lost all its trade, and was reduced to a state of beggary, and the ships were laid up and rotting, in conse quence of their laying on higher duties than the neighbouring ports. The result was to drive our shipping out of Dantzic ? —We had Memel to go to. SupioqE_ they had adopted the same principle in Memel Ve should have gone to Prussia. Suppose they had done the same . thing everywhere. Suppose those foreign Powers determined to retaliate our Navigation Laws at that time, and had inflicted severe discriminating duties in foreign ports, would that have been no detriment to British shipping ? No. We should have had to go to the British Colonies, and to the southern p or t s o f t h e U n i ted States for timber. That would have been a great detriment to the country, generally, as it would have raised the price of timber. You speak of having a resource in a trade with the United States ?—Yes. Are you not aware that the United States were among the very first Powers to commence that retalia tion ?—I know that very well. The United States were the first Power with whom we had the treaty of reciprocity in 1814. Was not-that treaty in consequence of a determina tion of the Americans to inflict heavy discriminating duties in retaliation for the Navigation Laws ?—I do not remember. I know the date of the treaty from having since referred to it ; but at that time I was at sea. If that were so, would not the course adopted by the United States' Government hare operated very much to the detriment of British shipping ?—lf our Government had imposed countervailing discriminating dutiiis on their shipping, which would have been a fair retaliation, we should have been pretty much in the same situation as before. The retaliation was on the side of the Americans : we had discriminating duties before the Americans imposed duties by way of retaliation ?—I do not know anything about what the tonnage duties were on ships in 1814. We ha:} under our Navigation Laws discriminkting tonnag e d ut i es in our l s a? — that time, aware that we h a d b e f ore 1824. p or I am not That was the principle of the Navigation Laws 9 -- I don't think there were any discriminating t onnag e &Wks on tbreign shippi ng i n 182 4, previous to the en tering into those treaties. Was it not one of the main provisions of the Navi gation Laws that a higher tonnage duty should be placed on for, sign vE ssels than on British ?—lt was not a duty on, shipping: it was a per tentage upon the duty on rorergn imports : upon the goods, not upon the shippi: The duty, w •Irether imposed upon the tonnage, or upon the goods, was a discriminating duty upon fo reign shipping ?. --Certainly ; upon goods imported in foreign shipping. Which was in' tended to operate to the disadvantage of foreign shipping in our ports ?—lt was intended to operate to the advantage of British shipping, in pre ference to the shipping of foreign countries. That being the case, if the American Government adopted the same system by way of retaliation against us, do not y,Du think that that must have operated to the detriment of our shipping interest?—lf the Ame rican Government had imposed no other or higher du ties upon the :merchandise of this country, imported into the United States, than this country imposed upon the goods of America, imported in American ships into this country, it would have been perfectly fair, and there would have been no disadvantage ex cept a rise of price in the two countries. In that case, how should we have been better off by maintaining the discriminating duty than by that duty being dispensed with on each side ; that is, had there been mutual concession instead of mutual re taliation ?—There is no other difference as to America than that which existed in the way of duties. The question, as to America, I would not consider as placed on the same footing as the question with re ference to those countries which can navigate so much cheaper than British shipping can; for we can navi gate with the Americans very fairly, and there can be no objection to putting the shipping on the same footing. The question is not whether we can compete with those countries upon an equal footing, but whether, under the circumstances of the case, we might not be placed in a position of quite as much disadvantage with reference to them as we are by the reciprocity treaties ?—With America, I think, we might. Supposing that, in our trade with the Baltic, by a process of retaliation, the discriminating duties had been made to press equally both in the foreign ports and in the ports of this country, how should we have stood in a better position as to competition with the shipping of those countries than under the reciprocity treaties ?—The protecting duties on British shipping were not on the ship, but on the merchandise. Then if the Prussians, or the other countries, had imposed a similar duty on goods imported in our ships it would have amounted to next to nothing; their imports from this country being so small compared with the ex ports from their country to this, it would not have had so injurious an effect. That may be true supposing the protecting duties confined to goods ?—That was the case in this country previous to the treaties being made. But the intentions of the Prussian Government were not to confine them to goods ?—I am aware that they were not. Assuming that the intention of the Prussian Go- vernment - sas this—to enact laws which should ac complish as effective a discrimination in their ports, between their own shipping as ours, as we had esta blished in our ports between our shipping and theirs— what should you say then ?—That it was a very un fair thing to do. I merely put it upon this ground, that I think, in common fairness, between the coun tries, the trade should be so regulated as that the sub jects of both countries, taking into consideration their relative situations and their liability to expenses, over which they can have no control, should be placed in the same situation as to the benefit to be derived from trade. What power have we of giving effect to any such arguments as those you have mentioned in the case of foreign countries P—We have no power but that which the Americans resort to, of non-inter course. In your opinion it would be detrimental to the shipping interest of this country if all other coun tries adopted the principle of our own Naviga tion Laws ; namely, to prevent our having any inter course with them in our own ships ?—lt would be difficult, no doubt, for this country to contend with the whole world combined against her, which is a state of things, however, very unlikely to occur, con sidering what has been the course pursued by this country towards others. If you followed out your own principle of those Navigation Laws, and imposed such duties as would prevent any competition with you, supposing other countries to pursue the same principle with respect to you, would the shipping of this country be then on a better footing than it is at present ?—That is an ab stract question, which I cannot very well answer. But we never did that. The discriminating duties imposed by us in favour of British shipping were to so small an amount that one reason for abrogating that protection was, that the amount was so small as to render it not worth preserving. Do not you attribute much of the evil you complain of to the abrogation of those laws ?—Yes. A large portion of it ?—Yes, and I will give a reason for my opinion in that respect. Although the amount was small, and not extending to the amount of difference which existed in the cost of navigation between foreign countries and ours, it was 5 per cent. upon the import duty, and when the duty was 21. 15s. a load, it amounted to 2s. 9d. a load on timber. Though that was not enough to make up for the difference in the expenses of navigation, it was enough to give us a preference in our own market, and enable us to get, perhaps, is. to ls. 6d. a load freight for timber more than foreign ships. Have not you the protection of double lights and pilotage ?—Those were taken off by the treaties with each foreign country respectively. Notwithstanding all, have you not beaten foreigners since 1824 in point of tonnage ?—Certainly not in profit. . _ Have you not in point of tonnage ?—I don't think we have. Suppose that those Foreign Governments had suc ceeded in accomplishing their avowed object of making a complete retaliation, and of placing our ships in their ports at as great a disadvantage in point of competition with their own as their ships were placed at in our ports, would you not, then, be in precisely the same situation with respect to competi tion as you are now, with the additional disadvantage of restrictions upon trade ?—lf they had so nicely calculated the difference as to produce the same effect as is now produced, I do not see that any great dif ference would have been the result. The only differ ence would have been that the infliction would have been by the Foreign Governments instead of by our own. On the third point—how far these treaties have been observed by Foreign Pow e r s ,— grea t dif ference of opinion prevails. Mr. Cuming has no reason to believe that British shipping in foreign ports is not on a footing with other foreign ships, and Mr. Hall inclines strongly to confirm this statement. On the other hand, Mr. Straker shows that the reci procity treaties are not fairly carried out by reason of the vexatious regulations of foreign ports. This wit ness further suggests that, as the intention of the treaties is thus defeated by some foreign states, it would be only fair to) restrict the privilege of bonding to cargoes brought in British ships, which would be an equivalent to their restrictions. In our next notice of this " Report," we shall give from the Appendix a list of the countries with which treaties of reciprocity, with regard to shipping, have been entered into, and the dates of such treaties. IMPROVEMENTS in the QUEEN'S PARK. We are glad to notice that the cutting of the great drain through the bog under Salisbury Crags is making rapid progress. For some time past the work has been attended with serious difficulties, from the constant falling in of the sides and the continued pour ing in of water from the surrounding springs. The drain has now crossed the road in front of the spot formerly known as " Maggy's Hole," and has entered the meadow, so long and justly complained of as one of the most offensive nuisances in the neighbourhood of Edinburgh—a nuisance which in a very short period will happily no longer exist. Probably none of the numerous improvements un dertaken in the vicinity of Edinburgh for a number of years back, have excited the same degree of in terest with thos c now going forward in the Queen's Park. Every fine day multitudes of well-dressed persons may be seen promenading the footpath at the finished part of the road to the south part of the bog—all anxiously looking forward to its junction with the portion already formed to the east of the Palace, leading towards Jock's Lodge. This junction will probably he effected in the course of the ensuing spring, and will open up a part of what, when finished, will be one of the most magnificent carriage drives in Europe. —Edinburgh Paper. LLOYD'S SHIPPING. SOUTH SEA FISHERY. Brothers, of London, June 11, 1843, out 23 months, with 1,200 barrels ; Matilda, Bless, 17th, out 36 months, with 650 barrels ; Henrietta, Henderson, Aug. 15, out 24 months, with 210 barrels ; Eliza Frances, Miner, Sept. 7, out 11i months, with 230 barrels ; Kitty, Ben son, Dec. 4, out 18 months, with 500 barrels ; Pilot, Blake, 9th, out 23 months, with 500 barrels ; Eclipse, Hay, Jan. 22, 1844, out 27 months, with 1,200 barrels ; Aladdin, Boon, out 20 months, with 1,900 barrels ; Alert, Martinson, 16th, out 28 months, with 1,000 barrels ; Kent, Jerman, 18th, out 28,1 months, with 1,850 barrels; Mary Anna, Shey, April 8, out 8 months, with 200' barrels ; Bermondsey, Stokes, at Aguarn in March, I 8 months from Sydney, with 450 b arre l s, b y t h e S urpr i sQ arrived at Sydney, from the South Seas. At an annual meeting of the Birmingham Law Society, held on the 19th ult., the following resolution was passed :—" It having been notified that certain soli citors in this town have sent in written tenders, com peting for employment by a building club, and on a scale of charges greatly below those legally authorised, this meeting feels it necessary to express its severe con demnation of such conduct, as derogatory to the honour ?Inhr interests te t the l t e s g o al p t r h o e fes pub sio and and th e calculated securi t t o y of endangerproperty,the and to direct that this resolution be printed and sent to all the solicitors in Butain" ghsra..—Birstisham Gazette. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, NOVEMBER 15, 1844. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. (YESTERDAY.) GLOBE.—Considerable dissatisfaction has been cause& MANSION-HOUSE. by the course adopted by Mr. Broughton, one of the ma- An Irish woman, named Ann Callaghan, of very gistrates of Worship-street Police-office, in a case of hard-working appearance, was brought before the assault which a few days since came before him. The Lord Mayor, upon the charge of having robbed her circumstances were peculiar ; and the magistrate's de- roaster, Taverner, the owner of the Mitre pub cision was, in our view, a practical denial of justice to the lie -house, Mitre-street. complainant. The assault was committed by the school, ' She compla i nant stated that having missed some mistress of Bethnal-green workhouse on a female c hild of prop t he went, on the sth i ns t an t, i n th e morn tenderll t, o the risoner's room, and, upon opening her years, whom she had severely beaten for going P bo ing x: fo and a p soda-wate r bottle full of ru m , a g l ass , a into the scullery for water to drink with her s u pp er water not being allowed i n th e mea l- room , as it h a d been occasionally spilt by the childr en o n th e t a bl e an d penknife, a handkerchief, and a brooch, which were on the floor ; and the door leading to the place whence his prope;ty ; and a pencil-case, which was his son's. the children were permitted to obtain it being locked. He called up his pot-bo7 to witness that he found The question for the magistrate's decision did not hinge th e a rti c les in the woman s box. upon the authority of the schoolmistress to inflict mode- The LORD MAYoß—Prisoner, do you wish to ask rate punishment, in proper cases, upon the children your master any question ? Prisoner—Oh, then I placed under her charge by the parish authorities ; nor do, your Honour. Do you mean to say you found whether, for the breach of the regulations of the that glass in my box ? house, in the present i ns t ance , a trifling punishment • I) Com lainant—l do. might not have been inflicted by the woman u p on the Prisoner—And do you say you f oun d th e o th er child. The real question was, wheth e r suc h a p un i s h- ment, inflicted on a mere child, as blo ws o f th e fi s t things imy its box ? Complainant --I do. upon its face and back, causing bruises and discoloura- Prisoner--Oh, then my Lord— Lion for several days, was justifiable under any circum- The LORD MAYOR—Stay. You shall make your stances ? The parents of the child were also inmates of defence by and bye. the workhouse. The mother appeared as complainant. Prisoner—Thank you, my Lord. Your Lordship The violent treatment which her child had received at will hear me, and so will the Lord, too. the hands of the woman was proved beyond contro The son of the complainant identified the pencil versy. Mr. Broughton himself considered the case case, but did not witness the discovery of that or of as proved. He stated that, in his opinion, the punish- the other property. ment was inordinately severe, and could not be justified. The LORD MAYOR (to the l • t) Y comp ainan You say This was, then, just such a case as called for the theexer discovery of this robbery . was made by you on cise of the magistrate's power of summary jurisdiction. the sth instant. What is The complainant was too poor to incur expense in pro secuting the defendant at the sessions, and therefore cause her to be apprehended before l as t n i g ht ? Corn had a strong claim on the magistr a te f or an imme - plainant—l didn't think of that matter ; in fact, I diate adjudication. The position of the defendant also don't understand these things. Besides, I didn't know required that a check should be at once put upon the her address. indulgence of those feelings which had occasioned The LORD MAYOR—And why did you cause her her attack upon the child. Yet in this case, which de- to ba taken up last night ? The complainant—l was manded immediate decision, the magistrate determined not aware before how to act. on delay. He called upon the defendant to enter into The Prisoner—Please your Lordship he knows I recognisances to meet the charge at the sessions, should never was guilty of robbery. I made the beds and the complainant prefer a bill, and the grand jury return the victuals, and cleaned the house, and did cooked , it found. The master of the workhouse, who attended to assist the defendant in meeting the charge' before theeverything that d a y and the next, and the next after _ magistrate, exulted at this decision; while the poor woman that, and the next after that. who complained of the ill-treatment of her child saw in it a The LORD MAYOR—Is that the case, complainant ? practical denial of justice. The formerremarked, "That is Complainant—She never slept in the house after I just what we wanted, Sir 1" To be sure it was. It was discovered the robbery. tantamount to a dismissal of the charge. It was like The LORD MAYOR—Pray what wages may you be sending the poor complainant to a tavern, telling her that indebted to this woman who has robbed you ? she might there obtain a delicious dinner, well know- The Prisoner—Please your Honour, he owes me ing that she had not a penny in her pocket, and would between 41. and Si. therefore be sent empty away. The poor woman von- C I'n t--I never omp al an made any agreement with tured to expostulate. She had no money ; how then her about wages but I know she committed the rob er , could she go to the sessions, and take the necessary steps to indict the schoolmistress for the vie- bevy. I have got a witness here. lent treatment of her child ? This reasonable and The LORD MAYOR—Let him be produced. forcible appeal was thus answered :—" Surely you James Smith came forward at the desire of th e have friends who will assist you in th e m a tt er ." A complainant. pauper's friends 1 The pauper-inmates of a workhouse The LORD MATOR—WeII, what have you to say are not precisely the kind of people who have friends Ca- about the robbery ? Smith—Nothing. All I can pable of furnishing them with money to pay the fees of say is, that I was in Mr. Taverner's service, and he justice. The possession of such friends would preserve - ut , p me away because I used to have words with the them from seeking refuge in a workhouse—that last re- woman at the bar. fuge of the miserable. The poor woman retired from The LORD MAYOR—Have you any other witness? the Court, with her child, sighing, "We have no Complainant—l have the boy who saw me take th e friends ;" and feeling that " th e , world was not their friend, nor the world's law." On re- things from her box. turning to the workhouse, she was made to feel that to George Higler, pot-boy to the complainant, said appeal to the law's protection against the violence of his master called him up stairs to the prisoner's the authorities of the place, is not only useless, but room, and took the articles produced out of her box. dangerous. Her children and herself were removed Tee LORD MAYOR—Is that all you have to say ? from the wards they had previously occupied in Higler—lt is, my Lord. the house, and were placed in the " approbation ward;'; The LORD MAYOR—WeII, prisoner, what have to which the applicants for reception to the house are you got to say to this charge of robbery ? first introduced, previously to their reg u l ar a d m i ss i on . The prisoner, a very innocent The state of personal filthiness, and frequently of disease, ner, informed his Lordship that she had entered the in which such persons generally are when th e y fi rs t en ter a workhouse, need not be described. Th e mo th er an d service as maid of all work, and a great deal of hard her child who had been punished with extreme severity work she had to do; but she did not think half so by the workhouse schoolmistress, were doubtless trans- much of the hard work as she did of the dirty work, ferred to this ward to admonish others of the consequences for her master's house proved to be a house used for of preferring complaints. Whatever provocation to com- the purposes of double accommodation. It went to plain may be supplied by those who have in their own her heart to wait upon the ladies and gentlemen who hands the means of retaliating, the sufferers had better sometimes remained in the house all night, and when patiently endure wrong, than risk the consequences of she complained, her master not only called her out seeking redress. These poor people, unable to endure of her right name but beat her, so she was deter the annoyance of being placed in such a ward, discharged mined to leave the concern ; but as her master had themselves from the house. The woman again attended 4 . , a to pay her the wages due to her, she deter there use police-office, and again complained of the treatment ' mined to summon him, she had received, as a punishment for having com plained of the tyrannous and cruel treatment of her notice to that effect. child. The magistrate had no power to interfere. The The LORD MAROR—Did you summon him after poor creatures had no means of supporting themselves the sth instant, when he says the robbery was com outside the workhouse ; and said they must return mitted ? Prisoner—l came here, your Lordship, the thither, and henceforth submit in silence to whatever other day to take advice upon the subject, and I was treatment they might there receive. Surely there is told to summon him to the Court of Requests. Your some mode of• redress, even for paupers, for wrongs Lordship told me to do so, and the hearing is ap such as we have described. If the Board of Guardians pointed for Saturday next. of the parish be supine or indiff eren t, th e inabitants The LORD MAYOR—And after you summoned him should meet and require of the parish officers am you with the robbery? Prisoner—Yes, he char d an investigation into the general government - - of their workhouse, and into th e c i rcums t ances o f my Lord ;he doesn ' t want to pay me for my hard the case we have described. If the facts really be as they work. were sworn to, and uncontradicted, before the maps- The LORD MAYOR asked the policeman whether he trate, the schoolmistress should be placed on her trial for knew anything of the prisoner ?—The policeman re the assault, before the tribunal to which the magistrate plied that she had been servant at one of the station needlessly, and as we think improperly, referred it. houses, where she had an excellent character, and STANDARD.—There is a growing disposition on which she had left to go to the complainant's house. the part of certain pseudo-philanthropists to represent The LORD MAYOR—WeII, I shall discharge the the higher classes of society as more insensible to the prisoner. The circumstances and the mode of the condition of the poor than they were wont to be in accusation are suspicious. very You may, Mr. Taver what young Englanders are pleased to entitle, the "good ner, indict the woman if you please ; but I shall cause old times.' Every casualty to the poor that may happen , to be made into the character of your house, to be recorded in the newspapers, is seized upon i nquiry by these modern philosophers, as a fresh illustration and perhaps you may have cause to dread next of the correctness of their theory. One or more licensing day.—The prisoner was then discharged. suicides have recently occurred in the humblest CLERKEIV WELL. walks of life, arising, it is said, from extreme destitution, Mr. John Lamb, a respectable tradesman, residing and these catastrophes are referred to, ad nauseam, in Clerkenwell, was charged with assaulting police as instructive evidence of the insensibility of the constable 32 G. rich to the condition of the poor. No inference can The constable deposed that, on the previous night, be less warranted. The columns of the daily press he was on duty in John-street, at twelve o'clock, must have convinced all readers of newspapers of the fact, that no genuine c as e of di s t ress is ever w he n he saw the prisoner and a female passing a l ong recorded in their columns which does not command on the other side of the street. Saw the prisoner stop instant and liberal relief. In the vast aggregate at a window, and soon after heard the iron bar be of human misery which is to be found in large towns, the longing to the window fall upon the pavement. The most distressing c a ses o f po ver ty and destitution are prisoner and the lady passed on. Witness went up to often those which are most carefully concealed them, and, without looking at the window or the bar, from public observation ; and men of wealth, how- asked the prisoner, who had got about forty yards ever benevolent, most of whom are liberal con- from the window, to return to the window to see tributors to public charitable institutions, have what he had done. He refused, and called witness a often neither the leisure nor means of hunting d—d vagabond. Witness attempted to remo ve hi m out such cases. We c a n a ffi rm , h owever , w ith • soner which t h e prisoner on utmost confid e n c e, th a t th ere i s no na ti on to the station-house, in doing on the face of the earth in which more of active charity struck him twice , • prisoner was not drunk. is to be fo un d th an i n E ng l an d, nor any c i ty whatever Th e pr i soner s aid he hadbeen most grossly ill which exhibits so large an amount of sympathy for the suf- treated by the policeman. He was returning home ferings of our fellow-creatures, whether they have arisen with his wife, and within a few yard s o f hi s own from penury or disease, th an thi s same muc h- rev il e d house, when he saw an iron bar projecting from a City of London. Persons whose knowledge of the extent window over the footway, and which he had nearly of public sympathy is derived froth the columns of struck his head against. Knowing that the projec some of our Contemporaries, must have long tinn was illegal, and fearing somebody else might ago inferred, that there is in England, and in London in by chance particular, a most unchri s ti an di sregar d o f t h e f ee li ngs knock their head against what he only bar and and comforts of the h um bl er c l asses . Y et i s t h ere h ar dl y avoided, he took down the le f t it on the pave a day in which meetings of its busiest inhabisants, of the ment; he had advanced about forty yards, his wife higher and middle orders, are not convened for the leaning on his arm, when the constable came run purpose of forming permanent institutions for the re- ning up, and seizirg him by the collar, shook him lief of sufferers of all denominations. There is in violently, and peremptorily demanded him to return London alone, and we challenge contradiction to the to the window. Witness explained to him what he fact, more money collected f or th e re li e f o f th e distressed had done, told him where he lived and his name, but in one year, than is contributed for any similar objects in nothing would satisfy the constable; he called him bad any other city in the world. There is hardly a disease names, and was most rude, and used offensive lan which has not given rise to some valuable public insti tution, where the p oor , cou ld th e y di ves t th emse l ves of g ouge. . rAi the prejudice whi c h, u n h a ppily, i n fl uences t h em on ' COMER (to the constable)—Why did y o u ask many subjects, may have the benefit of greater skill the gentleman to go back ? The constable—To ascer and more unceasing attention than can readily be tain what he had done. obtained by the wealthiest member of the community at Mr. COMBE—What right had yeu to ask the gen home ; the combination of skill usually afforded gra- tleman to do so ? Policeman—Because he knocked tuitously in a public institution, and the rigid sys- down the bar. tern of attendance which is provided, being greatly The Magistrate's Clerk—But the bar, as it stood, beyong the advantages which any private establish- wa s illegal, and a nuisance. meat of moderate extent could by any possibility Policeman—lt could not be a nuisance, for it was supply. Yet one of the most prevalent " vulgar er- five feet f vefrom the ground. rors " of the day is the prejudice arising from Mr. COMDE--' That exactly makes good what the ignorance, which exists amongs t t h e d est i tute poor, against such establishm en t s . M ore th an one su i c id e in gentleman states, for that i s just the this class of society have recently been recorded by dangerous, and which would catch one's head. It the daily newspapers, which profess to have been oc- does not answer to take a man into custody because easioned by destitution ; the parties preferring ra- he will not comply with such a demand. ther to fly in the face of their Maker, rather Policeman—He assaulted me. than avail themselves of the relief which might Mr. Coslßß—You had no business to meddle with have been afforded them in an union workhouse. the gentleman. He did not strike you until you Nor ought it to surprise any one, that the exagge- seized him. rated accounts of such places of refuge, which have Prisoner —I am ready to swear I never struck him. been repeatedly supplied by an influential portion of the My wife is in 'court ; I hope you will examine her. daily press, should have so wrought on minds de- She will prove that the constable used the worst lan pressed and weakened by painful personal pri va ti on . , a e are no admirers of unio n wor kh ouses , an d are gue towards me. g Policeman—l took him back because there have little disposed to eu l og i se th e N ew P oor -l aw Bill , even in its present improved and modified form; but we been several robberies committed in the neighbourhood. are quite satisfied that but for the factiously Mr. CoMna—Why, do you mean to say you sus exaggerated accounts of the treatment of the poor und e r pected this person of intending to commit a robbery ? that law, which have appeared in a contemporary journal, The policeman admitted he did not. in which the union workhouse has been typified by Mr. COMER discharged the gentleman. Dante's Hell, and its executive represented as so many MARLBOROUGH-STREET. incarnate fiends, no such prejudices against it as the Alexander White, ` junior, a clerk in the Charing distressing casualties to which our attention has been directed would seem to indicate, could have cross Branch of the Union Bank of London, was existed. The conduct of a few persons connected summoned before Mr. Hardwick, for an assault on with the administration of the New Poor-law,—conduct Mr. Henry Nichol, tailor, No. 14, Regent-street. which, in the particular instances, it is impossible to The case !arose out of a charge recently made reprobate too severely-, has furnished an excuse for stie•- against Baron Vander Pforte. Mr. Nichol bad ap matizing th e w h o l e of its executive in terms calculated plied an opprobrio u st o t h e defendant, who name to excite the deepest and most painful prejudice ag ainst t hrew an inkstand at him. it ; and thus the poor are content to suffer ss..r. ai. TT ARDWICH. said he would deal with the charge the most heart-rending privations rather than avail m themselves of relief from such a source ; nay, in som e i n - in a summary way , and inflict a p enalt y of 51. stances, they have, we are told, committed suicide rather The defendant immediately paid the fine. than accept of the relief it would afford them. These Mr. HAanwicx received a letter from Baron Gers distressing cases have been reported in a daily print in dorf, the Saxon Minister, who is at present out of the most prominent manner, as so many fresh I town, relative to the claim 'of intimacy with him put proofs of the frightful unpopularity of th e : forward by Baron Pforte, which had reached him New Poor-law Bill ; whereas they are more likely to through the public journals. His Excellency said in have resulted from the exaggerated accounts which have , the note that he " regretted the unwarrantable use of appeared from time to time in its columns of the alleged his name by Monsieur Pforte, formerly page de la sufferings of the poor in union workouses, and its re- chambre to the late King of Saxony, and since that pected and unfounded asseftion that a few examples of Monarch's death pensioned off with the title of ' gen til the misconduct of the authorities in such receptacles are 1 , homme de la chambre.' As he had been ' nominally but the types of the entire system. I appealed to by Monsieur Pforte, he begged, in his I official as well as private capacity, to decline giving any evidence in favour of Monsieur Pforte." THE LATH RAINS.—By putting our umbrella into the fountains at Trafalgar-square, we have ascertained that the quantity of rain fallen last week is just one cubic ferule. This, if poured into buckets, will make twenty five pails, seven cups, and three saucers. This quantity has been drawn out, and pumped into the Artesian will so as to form a sinking fund for the fountains when they can no longer play in their old age.—Punck. VISIT OF MR. SHARMAN CRAWFORD, M.P. AND MR. JOSEPH STURGE.—It is understood that the Council of the Complete Suffrage Union have invited these gentle men to visit Edinburgh, and that they bave consented to corns in the first week of December. MAI?YLEB 01V E. THREATENING TO HORSEWHIP MR. RAWLINSON.-- A tall athletic man, named Robert Kingston, a re tired publican, was placed at the bar before Mr. Long, charged with having threatened to horsewhip John Rawlinson, Esq., the highly respected ma g i s .. trate of this court. The Court was much crowded with persons anxious to hear the proceedings. Mr. Randall, of Welbeck-street, attended to eon- duct the case on the part of Mr. Rawlinson, and Mr. Humphreys for the prisoner. The inquiry occupied nearly two hours. The prisoner's wife, rather a hand some young woman, to whom he was only married on Friday last, at St. Pancras Church, was accommo dated with a seat near the bar. Several persons having deposed to the excited con duct and violent threats of the prisoner, Mr. Rawlinson deposed on oath—The prisoner was brought before me last Monday week for assaulting an omnibus conductor and two constables, when, for each of the three assaults, I fined him 405., which sums he paid, and was di sc h arged. On te next morning he was brought before me for having on the previous afternoon been guilty of riotous conduct and collecting a mob in Paddington-street, and on Jen nings, a constable of the D division, endeavouring to take him into custody, he (prisoner) having felled him to the ground. For that assault I fined him 51., and, considering him to be a general breaker of the peace, I ordered him to find bail for his being of good behaviour. I allowed him time to procure the bail, and he was then discharged, upon Mr. Lepine being answerable for his attendance to enter into the required sureties that day week. The worthy magis trate concluded by stating that, from what had transpired, he considered himself to be in personal danger. Mr. LONG said there was no doubt reasonable ground for apprehension on the part of Mr. Rawlin son, and called upon the prisoner to find bail to ap pear at the sessions, himself in 5001., and two sureties in 2501. each, with 48 hours' notice thereof. The prisoner was removed in custody. WANDSWORTH. Eliza Court, a respectable-looking girl, about eighteen years of age, was charged before Mr. Clive with being found sleeping in an unfinished house in the Clapham-road. This was another of those numerous cases of desti tution which we find in almost every police report. The girl had been seven months in service in London, and been dismissed. She was a native of Hampshire, and had no friends in the metropolis, and therefore she crept into the house for shelter. The Magistrate discharged the prisoner, and or dered the constable to take her to Lambeth workhouse for that night. Mr. Samuel Townes and sixteen other omnibus proprietors, were yesterday summoned to this Court, by Inspector Creed, of the V division, for plying for hire, and stopping longer than was necessary for the taking in and setting down passengers opposite to the Plough Inn, Clapham . Mr. Wire, solicitor, appeared for the whole of the omnibus proprietors. Inspector Creed was then sworn, and stated that he had taken out these summonses in consequence of instructions from the Commissioners of Police, who had determined not to allow the Plough, at Clapham, to be any longer a stand for omnibuses, of which there were frequently as many as five collected at one time, but only to permit them the necessary time for theltaking up and setting down passengers. He had previously forewarned the proprietors of the vehicles of the determination of the Commissioners, but they persisted in stopping after the notices were served upon them Police-constable Williams, 94 V, proved that on the 4th instant he was stationed at the Plough to take the time of those omnibuses that stopped there longer than was necessary to take up and put down pas sengers. The omnibus 1,634, of which the defendant was the proprietor and driver, drew up, and stopped six minutes. In answer to a question put by Mr. Wire, the wit ness said that the Plough was the starting place for the omnibuses going to London, and that he had heard of no complaint against the custom being made by any of the inhabitants. Mr. Wire contended that the summonses were not sustainable, inasmuch as this was a starting point, and not a place at which an omnibus called. The licenses mentioned the Plough as the point or place from which they were licensed to start, and it was neces sary that there :should be a stated place for each vehicle to go from, and a certain time kept. It had not been shown that it was a nuisance, but if there was any, it was a nuisance tolerated on account of the convenience to the public. Mr. CLIVE said that the very fact of the Commis sioners of Police taking the matter up proved it to be a nuisance. He conceived the offence fully proved, and that no answer had been given. He thought nothing was easier than for omnibuses to come to an appointed place at a regulated time, and start from thence on their journey, without any delay beyond that of taking up passengers. He should only inflict the nominal fine of sixpence and costs in this case ; the other defendants would pay one penny each and costs. Mr. Wire stated that it was the intention of the proprietors of the omnibuses to go in a body to the Commissioners of Police, and request them to appoint the Plough as the starting place for their vehicles. UNION-HALL. Three young men, named Charles Bl ac k, Ch ar l es George, and Henry Solomons, were brought before Mr. Cottingham, charged with creating a riot at a beershop, near the Nunnery, at Peckham, and assaulting Mr. Don nelly, the assumed landlord. Mr. Campbell, inspector of the P division, informed Mr. Cottingham that for the past week the whole neighbourhood near the complainant's house had been in the utmost confusion owing to some dispute as to the possession. Complaints had been made at the station-house at varions times, and as many as eight constables have been required to quell the disturbance and disperse the mob surrounding the house. Last night the disturbance was so great that it was feared some mischief would have occurred in the scuffle with the defendants and the complainants. The police had had some difficulty in dispersing a mob of nearly 200 people which had collected round the house. The defendants were eventually given into custody for assaulting the complainant. The latter stated that he was put in possession of the beer shop about eleven months ago, by a Mr. Andrews, who now endeavoured to eject him by force, and contrary to law. On Tuesday week last he put in two of the prisoners to take possession of the house, and they had re mained since then. Last night they were joined by the third, when they endeavoured to eject him and his family by force. In the struggle he was assaulted by the de fendants, whom he gave into the cust ,, dy of the police. Mr. COTTINGISAN inquired whether Mr. Andrews was in attendance, as he should like to know whether he had any right to eject him. Mr. Andrews stepped forward, and on being sworn, stated that he was the real landlord of the house, and the complainant had been put into the beer-shop as a servant at the weekly salary of 215., with certain perquisites. An agreement was entered into between them that lie should take stock whenever he thought proper, and if any deficiency was found out he should have the power of either giving the complainant twenty-one days' notice to quit the house, or three weeks' salary to quit immediately. On Monday week he sent brokers to take the stock, when they found a deficiency of 181. 15s. He then offered the complainant 3/. 3s. to quit immediately. He refused to do so, when he ac cordingly put parties in possession, to protect his stock. When the complainant took possession, the weekly re turns were 161. or 181.; but now they were found to be not more than Cl. He intQnded at some future period to bring a charge of embezzlement against the com plainant. Mr. COTTINGHAM asked him why he did not turn him out on Mondayweek last, when he found out the deficiency. Mr. Andrews said that complainant's wife and child were ill at the time. He had compassion on them. Mr. COTTINGHAM said that he should recommend a reconciliation between the parties. He thought they had better put the case in the hands of some gentle man as arbitrator, and abide by his decision, as from documents he had seen he believed that there was some misunderstanding between them. He could not, under any circumstances, allow the de fendants to commit a breach of the peace without some admonition from him. He should advise them not to interfere, but let Mr. Andrews attend his own business, and fight his own battles. To give both parties an op portunity of coming to some settlement, he should re quire the defendants to enter into their own recogni sances in the sum of 401. each for their attendance this day week. WESTMINSTER IMPROVEMENTS. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) The utmost alarm and excitement has prevailed since Sunday last among the surviving relatives of the deceased individuals whose remains lie interred in the burial-ground of Christ Church, Westminster, in consequence of notices having been placed at the church-doors announcing that a proportion of the proposed new line of road from the Abbey to the Vauxhall-bridge -road would pass through the burial ground of the above churchyard, which, if carried into effect, will be the means of disturbing the re mains of hundreds far advanced in a state of decom position. In consequence of this, together with the fact that the proposed line will not be a direct but a circuitous one, a powerful opposition has sprung up, and preliminary meetings, supported by some of the most influential individuals in Westminster, have been held for the purpose of proposing another line of street, which will not only be a short and direct com munication between the Palace and Pimlico and the Houses ; of Parliament, and open the west front of the Abbey, too long obscured and disfigured by buildings which really are a disgrace to that splendid and vene rable edifice, but avoid outraging the feelings of the surviving relatives of those who have, many of them, long since been consigned to their last resting-place. The originally proposed line, known as " Rigby Wason's," according to the plan, will have its termi nation in the Vauxhall-bridge-road, whilst the re cently proposed line runs through Tothill-street, York-street, to Arabella-row, Pimlico, thus forming a straight and direct communication between Pimlico and the Broad Sanctuary. Notices for both lines were posted on the church doors of all the parishes on Sunday last, as also in the London Gazette. 'e regret to announce the death of Lord Saye and Sele, which took place on Wednesday. His Lordship was in his 76th year, and is succeeded in his title and estates by his only son, the Hon. William Twisleton Fionnes, who Rao born in April, 1796, ....-... ..... ....... 1 MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. I ALL HALLOW FAIR. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAY. I The supply of cattle was far below last year, eSpe' CITY, Tiroaspay EVENING. I cially in black cattle; whilst it was universally ob- CHRONICLE.-The circular of Mr. John Railton ' served that the number of country or spotted beast s and Son, share-b ro k ers , o f M anc h esn was greater than on any for, for the 11th ! • inst., states that si nce th e i r l ast month l y c i rcular of the : rmer occasion rem embered, and the dema n d f or thi s sort was goo d. The total 14th of October, th ere h ave b een put f ort h f orty-one of beasts in mar k et 0 . 1 new prospectuses of railway schemes, and the shares number, • applied for in each have f ar exceeded the number t o b e whole the supply l as t y ear was 7,805-shuvriug a&- issued. On th e 14 t h o f A ugust upwards of ninety new crease thi s year of 2,376. Ta. - ..- day was 5, 429, lines, requirin g more than 60,000,0001. of subscribed Sales commenced early in the day, especially for capital to compl e t e th em , were put forward, to which fat cattle, several of the best lots having found pur add the above f or ty- one , stat i ng a requ i rement of chasers before ten o'clock. The best lot of fat was 35,265,0001., together upwards of 131, needing an invest- sold by Mr. George Millemas, Causewayside ; they ment of 95,265,0001., with the power of borrowing one- were fed by John Inglis, Esq., of Redhall, and pur• third more, devoted to the same object, making a grand chased by the Messrs. Young, Stockbridge Market, total of 127,020,0001. The five per cent. which Parlia- at from 7s. 6d. to 7s. 9d. per Dutch stone (6s. to Gs• ment requires to be advanced on the subscribed capital 2d. imperial) which was the to of the market. Othe r must give a speedy c i rcu l at i on to 4 , 7 62,166 1 . It, there- sr. ' p • . 7s. lots of tat beasts sold at 7s. Gd., 7 s . 4d., 75.3 d.l ' for©, clearly beho ves a ll t h e l east exper i enced not to un dertake mor e engagements t h an they can permanently 6s. 9d., an d C s . Bd. f or goo d f at, b e i ng a consi derable support, for the instances are but few where works have rise from the Edinburgh weekly fat market. not had the most severe reverses long before they were Sales for lean stock commenced, is many completed. Moreover, should any sudden change take early in the day; but from the very high prices in' place in the Money arket, the present prices of many sisted on, comparatively few sales were effected be stocks will be with difficulty supported. " The draw- fore eleven o'clock ; shortly after this hour, however , ing forth so much new labour, as works to the above all good-conditioned polled stock were quickly extent require, ought to impress the Board of Trade bought up, as were also the best sorts of north with the importance of exercising a sound discretion andwest highland •andaltogether the groun d country . in their decisions." Messrs. Railton and Son do notinstances, was well cleared of beasts generally by three o'clock ter allude to the stringent character of the New Bank Char ter Act. The public ought to keep in view that the in the afternoon. country banks cannot now " create money," to foster Various opinions were hazarded as to the comps speculations, as th e y did i n f ormer years of exc i tement. ra ti ve pr i ces o f stoc k as compared with the last D ou ne They are tied down t o a max i mum o f i ssues, and if the mar k et, F a lki rk October Tryste, and the last year s active demands upon their tills for paper should exceed Hallow Fair. After consulting with the most elc the specified limits, they must draw on their deposits or perienced and best-infor me d p ar ti es , we ven ture to reserved funds, and o bt a i n B an k o f E ng l an d paper by say that prices for lean stock were about five Per the sale of securities or gold. This consideration will no cent. above Doune "market, from ten to twenty pe r doubt render the banks cautious, and prevent an infla- cent. above last Falkirk Tryst, and fully twenty per tion of prices, to be followed, as on all similar occasions, cent. above last year's Hallow Fair. In particular by revulsionary panic. It is properto observe that there is not much r eason to suppose t h at of the whole we should state, that two-y ear - o ld W es t Highland 127,000,0001.. alluded, to by Messrs. Railton and Son, stots and queys fetched (Tuesday) from 7s. 6d. to as being required to make the newly proposed railways, 10s., and 12s. 6d. a-head above last Falkirk Tryst, so much as one-half of that sum will ever be actually and fully more per head above Hallow Fair last " called," and that the payments will be diffused over a twelvemonth. Altogether this was an excellent series of years. The sum stated, therefore, looks more market for holders of stock, and profitable sale. formidable on paper than it will be in reality. were effected on stock from all the late markets. I! HERALD.-AU impression has very generally pre- From our notes taken upon the ground, we select_ 'railed in the monetary circles for a week or two past, the following as being some of the principal sale . that the Direct ors o f th e B an k o f E ng l an d were resolved which may be considered to show the state of the upon raising the rate of discount to three per cent. market. A lot of 28 head from Fintry, two-year s = This impression h as d ou b t l ess i n d uce d many persons to old, at from 6/. 6s. to 6/. 10s. a-head, purchased ro' withhold their money from employment, in order to get the Hon. Mrs. Douglas, Strathenry, Fifeshire ; th e y it more advantageously placed, the feeling in the were considered fully 12s. a-head up from last Fill i banking circles being general, that if the Bank of Eng- . land would take the lead, they would establish a higher kirk Tryst. A lot of 30 head of country cattl fl rate at all events to the beginning of the year. We have • Al° three-years-old, at 10/. 10s. for Mid-L o thian. ~ reason to believe, h owever , t h a t th ere was no goo d groun d o f 60 h ea d o f s h or t-h orne d s t orne d stots from r.. 11, fur such an i m p ress i on b e i ng enterta i ne d b y t h e D i rec- county o f D ur h am, s i x-quarters-old, fetched about 7,1_ tors of the Bank. A s we men ti one d yester d ay. t h e a -h ea d ; t h ey were driven from near Newcas tle Directors have no l onger th e responsibility of the cir cu - f or thi s market, and were purchas e d by a farme r lating medium of th e country on t h e i r s h ou ld ers ; and from Forfarshire. A lot of 30 head (shots ° f therefore, that as a banking institution they may the above) fetched Si. 10s. a lead, they were be fairly and reasonably expected to consult their purchased for Mr. Rennie, Inchy r i e H ouse , Feral: own interest as to th e t erms u p on w hi c h t h ey will shire. A lot of 20 head o f six-quartel accommodate their customers, and with o ut r e f erence E L • A lot old Angus brought 61. for East-Lothian. othian. to the position of other parties. Supposing, indeed, that a of 13 head of six. quarters-old short-horns fetched the Bank Directors still felt themselves responsible for the general currency of the country, no circumstance Mr. Henderson, Liberton Dams, sold fat country rr has occurred beyond the railway sp ecu l at i ons to ren d er cattle f o r 131. s s . a h ea d, a t f rom 6 s. 9d . t o 7s. any advance i n th e va l u e of money a ms.tter of pre- Dutch stone. Mr. John Hamilton, flesher, Leith; sutnable expedience. As it res p ec t s the Teculations in purchased a l o t o f fi ne Hi g hl an d stots at 7s. p er railway sh a res, t a k en as a j us tifi a bl e g roun d f or restr i ct- Dutch stone. A lot of 63 head of Irish cattle W " - ing the currency, it can scarcely be said any longer ti‘ , brought to market by Mr. John 11.1• Elroy, coni t exist in a dangerous form, since public attention has Fermanagh ; twenty-two head of this lot were bong° been so pointedly directed to the inevitable consequences for 12/. ss. each for Mr. Rodger, Mains Kilconquin ir ' which will follow if it be persisted in. There is every 0, Colinsburgh, Fife, by Mr. Henry, cattle salesma reason to believe that for the present undue speculation , • in shares is pretty well knocked on the head, and all Edinburgh; they were the largest-boned cattle in the , that remains to be done is for the Board of Trade and market. Mr. Davidson bought eleven high-concliof the Legislature to take the necessary steps to prevent tioned Angus queys and stots for the Marquis of the expenditure on railways exceeding the amount of Tweeddale at ill. ss. 6d. a-head. Mr. D. Robertson, capital thrown off from the current industry of the Methvin, Perthshire, sold twenty head of two year' country. The expectati on , as we h ave a b ove state d , was o ld Argy l esh i re stots at Si. a-head nett; part o f ttl_e . very general, that th e Di rec t ors o f th e B an k wou ld , at same stock was sold at last Falkirk Tryst for 41. 10 3 • 1 the usual weekly meeting held to-day, increase their rate of discount, b u t we believe we may aver with safety a-head. Really good beasts were few in number, and , that no such change has yet been in contemplation. generally speaking, the supply this year were th e _ SUN.-The English M a rk e t l eaves o ff s t ea dil y , C onso l s shorts left over at previous markets ; in fact, OW being Mk i, both for Money and Time. Sales continue were no large lots appeared such as at Falkirk. 4 to be made, however, in the Unfunded Debt, which was There was a considerable show of good drang e % down to 58s. and 565. premium. East India Bonds horses, which were in demand, the best of Will closed at 78 premium. The Three per Cents. were 99f, and Bank Stock for Account was at 204 f. fetched from 401. to 471. 10s. But yesterday (Til es ; Spanish left off firmly, the Five per Cents. being day) may be considered as merely the commenceine% 24-1 f, and the Three per Cents. 3513- 1. Brazil Stock has being the day o of the horse market, Wednesday for been quoted at 85 for the New. Chilian Bonds were at which the principal sales are effected, especially 102, and Colombian at 14 ; M ex i can i mprove d to superior sorts.-Scotsman of Wednesday. 354 and 36. Austrian were 102 to 1024 ; and Rus- - sian, 114 The additional transactions in Railway Shares have been these :-Bristol and Gloucester were 71 • Chester and Holyhead, i i ; Di ss , B ecc l es , and Yarmouth, ito 1 ; Edinburgh and Glasgow, 7} ; Great Western 64i ; Birmingham, 115 to 116 ; Brighton Loan Notes, 11 i ; Croydon, 2¢ ; Midland, 7 ; Newcastle and Dar- IMPERIAL BRAZILIAN GOLD' MINING COMPANY. Yesterday the Half-yearly General Meeting ofbe Ilea Directors and Proprietors o f thi s C ompan y was at the London Tavern, f o r th e p urpose o f receiving the report of the Directors and declaring a dividend. Gibson, Esq., i n th e Ch a i r . The Secretary read the thirty-seventh h a lf- year ly re p o rt, vihi e , stated that no new veins of gold had been discovere d since the last report', but large quantities of lacotincl e for the stamps had been raised, as had been also quantity of palladium of which there w e r e on ha" d 8,900 ounces. The value of this ore was considerably increased latterly, owing to the scarcity of platina. A t the Cata Preta mine about 711bs, of gold h a d been raised. The produce of gold for the half-year ending June 30, 1844, was upw:irds of 4111bs. from Youga' being an increase of 1201bs. over the produce of t h e preceding half-year. Th e expenses o f t h e es t a blish' ment had been consid e r a bly i ncrease d b y sen di n g ou t additional miners from Cornwall, and also in conse quence of the late excessive drought. After deduct' ing all incidental expenses, a sum of 6,0541.2 x. 9d. W 35 the available profit, which afforded a dividend of W e ' upon each share. In reply to Mr. Gray, a proprietor: the Chairman stated the number of persons locate°, upon the Company's property was 636, an d the cos t of the passage of each person who was sent out there was 251. They were bound to serve there for fi v . e years, and a small s u m was d e d ucte d f rom thel., wages for the purpose of creating a fund to carry there back to England if th e y c h ose at the expiration of t he contract. After a vo t e o f th an k s being passed to the Chairman, the meeting separated. lington, 28 to 284; . Norwich and Brandon, 4 ; Trent Valley, 5/ ; York and North Midland, Half, 30} ; Or leans and Vierzon, 7k; Ditto and Bordeaux, 2i; Paris and Orleans, 194- ; Paris and Rouen, 18 4 ; and Rouen and Havre, 104 premium ; Direct Northern, } ; Eastern Counties, ; and Whitehaven and Maryport, I dis count. Birmingham and Gloucester and North British were at par. RELIEF TO THE CASUAL POOL—Last night, at the weekly meeting of the board of guardians of St. George the Martyr, Southwark, Mr. Boxer (the chair man) called attention to the report which appeared in the daily papers, of an inquest on the body of John Mason, aged 71. who appeared to have died in very dis tressed circumstances. The daughter had deposed that about ten days before, her father, unknown to her, had applied to the pariah authorities of St. George the Mar tyr, Southwark, for relief, and that a portion of a guar tern loaf, a little tea, sugar, and oatmeal had been given to the deceased. Mr. Caslake said the report of the in quest stated, that the application was made ten days ago, whereas it was made on the evening of the 15th of October. John James Mason, aged 71, then applied for a little casual relief ; he said he was very old and ill, and that his daughter was also ill. He being informed of these circumstances, took the name and address of the deceased, who then lived at No. 27, White-street. De ceased then said he only wanted relief until Thursday, on which he gave the deceased an order for half a quar tern loaf, an ounce of tea, half a pound of sugar, and one pound of oatmeal. The deceased then said, that upon Thursday he should come into some property, and then he should not require any further assistance. He had no wish to go into the workhouse ; if he had, he could have done that long since, fur a friendly order had been given him on Camberwell, which he had in his pocket. After the deceased had received the order, he (Cas lake) desired Mr. Lockhart to visit the case, and to desire the deceased, if he wanted further relief, to apply again, but he (Mason) never made a second applica tion. The reason why he had ordered only two pounds of bread was on account of the age of the demised. Old people ate but very little bread. Mr. Lockhart was then called in, and said, that within an hour and a half after the order had been given he went to the lodgings of the deceased, and he then saw on the table about a pound of cooked mutton-chops and a pint of porter. Finding that both the deceased and his daughter were ill, he informed them, that in case any further relief was required, to come on the next day to the board. At this time he saw a friendly order, directed to the master of Camberwell workhouse, for the admission of the decersed ; that was dated as far back as July, 1843. The deceased had been, three days before he had applied for relief, removedjin a cab into the parish. After the visit he neither saw nor heard anything further of the deceased until last Sunday, when he was directed to attend the inquest, but he was not called. One of the witnesses who had been exa mined informed him (Lockhart), that the bread which had been given the daughter had been put into the slop-pail, and that she afterwards sent the person al luded to out for a penny loaf. Mr. Boxer, Mr. Hoole, and Mr. Moggridge, said, from the explanation which had been made, it was quite evident their officers had done their duty, and had afforded relief as soon as it had been applied for. HILLINGDON HALL.—We are requested to state that Mr. Colburn, of Great Marlborough-street, has this day published " Hillingdon Hall ; or, the Cockney Squire, a Tale of Country Life," by the Author of " Handley Cross," in 3 vols., post Bvo., which can now be had at all the libraries. Mr. Colburn has also just published the following new novels :-2. Young Love, by Mrs. Trollope, 3 vols.-3. Arthur Arundel, a Tale of the English Revolution, by the Author of " Bram bletye House," 3 vols.-4. Parsons and Widows, by the Author of " Peter Priggins," 3 vols.-5. The Wilfulness of Woman, by the Authoresl of " The History of a Flirt," &c., 3 vols.-6. Whitefriars ; or the Days of Charles 11., an historical romance, Third Edition, 3 vols. —7. Chatsworth ; or, The Romance of a Week, Edited by the Author of " Tremaine," 3 vols.; and 8. The Brothers, by the Author of " Oliver Cromwell," " Mar , maduke Wyvil," &c., 3 vols. CUSTOM -HOUSE NOTICE.—The following noire was posted y ester d ay at t h e C ustom-house an d a t , several dock esta bli s h ments on e i ther s i de of the river:- Notice i s h ere b y g i ven, t h at the Commissioners of It°l. Majesty's Customs, in pursuance of the powers rested lu them by the 3d and 4th of William IV., chap. 52, s ec. 135, have appointed the Roadstead west of the to" n ,i to be the proper station within theort of Hartlen p in the co un ty o f D ur h am, f rom and after the sth of 0 ; nuary next, for all v esse l s com i ng up or d epart i ng ' fr ° o „f the said port, t o b r i ng to f or t h e b oar di ng or landing s' officers of the Customs, and that the master of eve l l ci vessel failing to co m ply w ith th e prov i s i ons o f the sal Act, will render himself liable to a pa natty o f Wt . ": By order of th e C omm i ss i oners , W. M ACLEAN, A ss istant' Secretary.—Nov. 14." BRISTOL AND EXETER RAILWAY.—(From b C, respondent.)—The waters of the Exe were so on Wednesday evening as to prevent the down trams from London going beyond S to k e C anon, about four , miles from Exeter. Th e p assengers an d mo il s h a d 01; t•ansferred to an om n ib us , an d sent roun d t h rou gh country to Exeter, and the passengers from Exeter . 5 London were obliged to take the same conveys:way sui t° the engine of th e d own tra i n returned with thenlfor London. W e un d erstan d t h e ra il s were un d er wa ter nearly two miles, and that an engine dispatched from t he station at Exeter to warn the down train of the danr" ran off the rails. BIRTHS. •O On the 7th inst., at Norwood, th e l a dy o f the Rev. W. Haweis, of a son. Xre, On the 12th inst., at Alwalton R ec t or y, Huntingdons hire ' Mrs. Hopkinson, of a daughter. On the 12th inst., Mrs. William Ramsay, of Castle-terr ace ' North Brixton, of a son. On the 13th inst., at Cheltenham, the wife of John E r t i g Gray, Esq., of a son. hn On the 13th inst., at Torquay, th e l a dy o f Sir Jox— Honywood, of a daughter. ler , On the 13th inst., at Hi g h Wy com b e , M rs . R. lirbee of a son. k On the 13th inst., in Blandf or d- square , Regent's-par --1 the wife of G. Gatton Hardingham, Esq., of a daughter. On the 14th inst , at Cornwall- crescent, Camden Camden-town, the wife of J. Swinbourn, Esq., of a sou. do o On the 14th inst., at Chatham-pl ace , H a ckney, the WI of the late John Frodsham, Esq., of a daughter. MARRIED. On the 14th inst., at St. Martin's-in. the-Fields, Mr. Vi r e, of Hampden-street, Clarendon-square, to Harriette, third daughter of Mr. Whitehead, of the Polygon, Somers-town'of On the 11th inst., at Stroud, John Michael Butt, Esq" i t KingslhAm, near Gloucester, to Isabella Elizabeth, oupg"" surviving daughter of John Pierce Brisley, Esq., On the 12th inst., at St. Giles's Church, Reading...., A, , re „ e l deacon Hare, to Jane Esther, daughter of the Rev. Ali c '" Maurice. On the 12th inst., at St. Nicholas Church, Brighton ham Henry, only son of W. Bonsey, Esq., of Belle vu" Slough, to Mary Caroline, eldest daughter of M. G. F r ' ce' Esq., of Brighton. Litt On the 12th inst., at Frant, Sussex. the Rev. Alfred Winter, M.A., of Craudeld, Bedtordshire, to Matilda Af.„arr.: youngest daughter (.f the late William Smith, Esq., of Pia"" Hall, near Eltham, Kent. George On the 13th inst., at Battersea Church, the Rev. mou,h Ferris Whidho rne, incumbent of Charles Chapel, of of btroud.h. to Rosa, fOurth daughter of the late James Lucas, xi/ 0 Loan - Tit-nil!, Deptford. PALPITATION OF THE HEART.—Palpitation super vening after lengthened intervals, and from the operation of the more obvious and powerful causes, is disregarded, and considered as a natural effect, and requiring no special attention. After a time, however, the returns are more frequent, more readily induced, and by much less powerful causes. The more frequent recurrence of the attacks excite more attention, and the patient's own ima gination, as well as the assertions of his friends, assure him that all his distress proceeds from too much He in the stomach." This view is confirmed by the fact, that, probably, there is felt some nausea or a slight sickness in the stomach; but a still stronger conflrmarion appears in the singing or ringing noise constantly perceived by the patient in the head and ears. Headache, too, although often slight, sometimes only occasional, sometimes, how ever, incessant, are attributed to a bilious state of the stomach, or to some irregularity in the biiiary functions. —Front Dr. Cronin's ( Craven-strict, Strand) Treatise on Arnica Montana., in the Cure if PilOut on of the Hea-t. Nervous Deafness, 6-e. [ADVERTISEMENT.]—THE DREADNOUGHT HOS PITAL SHIP AND ST. THOMAS'S HOSPITAL AGAIN OUT. Brabant S n O t i sth t n h t , h ll e lA . , a in g s e t d ., 3 i l n NeDwloErmpo.nd-street, Edward 0.,.. . • On the 9th inst., at Witton, near Norwich, John EQ(I., of Great Yarmouth, aged 85. Elizabe th, On the 10th inst., at Gibson-square, Islington , the wife • • '' Palmer, of Pa t••rnosi er row. r e price) o f the 15° On the I lth inst 11. S. M. ' 'd ' •, 4 rs. b. L -... Camila, wi on 'Mr. Ab.xattder Catinur, sen a , ed 85. Pemberton, e ', r i t it o . n l , 3 a tl g l e i d7 t B ,. ell, gar - Marth.a% aged of the lat e Mr. George On the 131 h inst.. at St. George's-place, Camb erw garita, wife of Tobias Browee, Esq., surgeon.&. et . 1 . On the 14th inst., Alfred GoiltreY, Youngest sonn (-4 - L. Coombs, of Mount- gardens, Lambeth. Tracon, On the 14th inst., at Hackney, Hylton Dennis -- Esq., aged 62. ...- A e -park , On the 14th inst., at Southwick-crescent, sa:v•-• Mary, wife of Mathew T. D. De Vitre, Esq.____________.....----; , ~,,,, ,,....-'•- e ... ~.., ~,,, . ...., ~..- ~. .•...-..,,, .. ............... ......... ...... n tING, of London : Printed and Published by MURDO ••• - No, 112, No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun Oeice• ..,,,, 40 ' Strand, in the Precinct of :he S.cor. ill tilS CO.', MidElll3l 4 Fridltys Nenniber I,i, DU,. DONE IN THE 'LYRE OF WOUNDS AND ULCERS BY 1102$- LOWAY'S OINTMENT AND PILLS.—John Newington, a sailor, living in Adrian-court, Dover, was a patient on board the Dreadnought, and again at St. Thomas's Hos pital, for some weeks, for a very bad ulcerated leg, of long standing, without obtaining the least relief at either of the above institutions, but was cured immediately af terwards by Holloway's Pills and Ointment. The truth of this statement can be attested by Mr. G. Aalinvore, the very respectable chemist at Dover.—Sold at Professor Holloway's establishments, 244, Strand (where advice may be had gratis), and by almost all respectable vendors of medicine throughout the oiyilieed world.