The Sun. — London, England, 1839-09-26 00:00:00

EVENING- EDITION. EAST INDIA HOUSE. The Quarterly -Gent ral Cour. of du Propr'etors of East India Stock was held, yeste•day, in the Couit Room, Leadenhall-street. iF4' R. JENKINS, M, P., took the chair at twelve o'clock. The minutes of the last Cow t having been lead and nfirmed, The CHAIRMAN laid bef )re the Court certa'n ac counts and paper; that had been prevented to both Houses of Parliament since the last Court. Also lebucertain papers relating to the Company's College at Hay ry. IDOLATRY IN INDIA. Mr. POYNDBR cleated that at the last Court he had asked the Honourable Chairman whether the Court of Directors had issued any orders or dispatches on the subject of an offering, or a tribute, sta.ed to have been made by the Gov ernor-General of India to Runjeet Singh, on his visit to that illustrious person. The answer then made by the "On- Chairman was that no official information bad been recei ve d on t h at su bj ect . H e wou ld now ta k e th e : liberty of adverting to another circumstance. Information had been received that at the funeral obsequies of that same personage, four of his wives sacrificed themselves by the inhuman performance of Suttee, and that seven female !laves performed the same act. Those sacrifices could not nave taken place with the voluntary consent of .the indi viduals, Mr. Altus rose to order. The Court could not discuss what had taken place in the territories of Run ilet Singh for the Company had no more dominion over those territories than they had over Germany or Kam sehatka. Mr. POYNDER would then proceed at once to the motion of which h e b a d g i ven notice last Court day, relative to idolatrous worship and ceremonies. On the 3d of Sep tember he wrot e to the Hon. Chairman, stating that the motion of which he had given notice would be unnecessary, could he, learn that since the appeal to the House of Lords any definitive step had been taken for carrying into effect the dispatch of February 1833, and whether any and what dispatch had been sent out since the motion for the P r oduction of papers in the House of Lords. The answer e had received was, that it was not the practice of the Court to communicate to individuals their intentions and P r oceedings on public matters. He therefore felt com- Pelled to bring the subject forward, and he would take the liberty of again referring to the petition which ho had pre *elated last Court day from 61 clergymen of Bristol, and he contended that the Court would not do that which a Christian people had a right to demand at their hands, if they allowed those piactices to continue. The Honourable Gentleman then proceeded to read extracts from a number of the Bupti.l Missionary Journal, and was interrupted by Mr. BROOKS, who thuught the Honourable Proprietor Wat wasting time. He had better condense his remarks and make his motion at once.—( Hear, hear.) Sir C. FORBES thought time would be saved if inter. r_uptions were avoided. The Hon. Proprietor had a per -0 feet right to seate hi. cage. Mr. POYNDER continued. All he wished was for the Company to withdraw its encouragement from those idolatrous practices, and they would soon die 415.a y ; but Ile was sorry to say that these offer ings and ceremonies were considered as a source of re. venue by the British Government. He had received thirty letters from military officers in the Presidency of 'Madras, giving an account of the horrifying and lamentable practice; they had witnessed. (Tao Hon. Gentleman read sane of the letters.) He could not conclude with out adverting to the rnueeincat in Bombay relative to Parsecs. He had received .t letter from Dr. Wilson— S;r C. Forcers hoped the Hen. Proprietor would abstain from that topic. if he ei.tered into it, it would lead to a very protracted deie.te. At any rate, he ought to have given due notice. The CHAIRMAN said the Hon. Proprietor would exercise his oe,, .liseretion, but he would recommend him to follow the advice of the Her.. Baronet. Mr. POYNDER would so; but would just observe that he had been favoured from Bombay with an account of the whole of the trial from beginning to end, and having read it, he was p repare d w i t h a full answer to every allegatio n brought against Dr. Wilson. He conjured the Company to withdraw their protection to idolatry and it would fall to the ground. That was not the time to com pel the army to take the same step as Sir P. Maitl,nd had done to make them choose between the service of God and man. He concluded by moving that the petition of the clergy of Bristol be entered on the minutes of the Court. Mr. FEILDER said, whatever might be the intention of the Hon. Proprietor, his speech had been made up of no thing but invective and of language unbecoming a Christian. Bishop Heber showed that the Company were doing all in its power to spread the Christian religion. Was that the time to press such a subject when the Governor-General had se much to do, when they were threatened on every hand— was that a time to press upon them a charge in the reli gion of the country ? The loss of the American provinces was to be attributed to the want of such an intervening Power as the East India Company, which alone could pre serve India to the Crown. The Hindoos had their temples of Juggernaut, but they had their thousands of temples for supplying the liquid fire in the shape of the spirit of juni. Per. Why did not the Clergy turn their attention so that subject—( Hear, hear)—and not seek grievances in so distant a part ? The H Gentlem an read extracts from the speeches of Lords Lansdowne and Glenelg to show thatothe natives of India had greatly improved within the last twenty yeare, and he conjured the Company to feed and make thero ..lavppy, before interfering with their minor Prejudices. Providence would work its own way and in its esvn good time. Mr. SaLoatoNs thought the Hon. Proprietor who spoke last had been too severe upon the Hon. Mover, whose mo tives and peisevi.ranee all must h..nour. Still he thought the whole matter ought to be left in the hands of the Di. rectors. Major OLIPHANT conte n d e d t h at it was not interfering a till the p,ju :ices of the natives of India, to keep the army from firing salutes on festivals which fell on a Sunday. He believed :bey wished to be left alone, and did not want any salutes, or any attendance but that of men belonging to their own religion. He considered that all honour= to Hindu:: or Mahomedan worship might safely be rliscon:inued. Sir JEREMIAH BRIANT bad been thirty years under the Gosernment of Bengal, and had never once been corn- Pelled to j o i n i n id o l worship . He had been in error, as he had blwass th.ughi that all officers were treated in the Same !tenth r. He found that such was not the case, but that British bnd Cttri'iiai. officers were ordered to take part in idolatrous warship. The CHAIRMAN said he had often attended such fetes as were alluded to, and he had never seen any matter ap proaching a religious ceremony. Mr. PosNDER replied, and the motion was agreed to. The HON. PROPRIETOR then moved for a return, show -Iqg how far the Directors' dispatch of 1833 had been car. tied into effect. Mr. HANKEY seconded the motion. Mr. M. MARTIN declined toe character of the natives Of India, who were deserting of the utmost attention and kindness of the people of England. He implored caution in attempting to proselytise India—they ought to remem b-er.th,t.th.e Portugue se were d r i ven f rom that country by thel! inyuciicieus TLe CHAIRMAN said the orders of the Court were in a state of forwardness and were being carried into effect. There was not the slightest intention to defeat the orders o f 1833. I,(,r(i Auckland was as anxious to carry them out as the Hon. Alovcr of the question. He was anxious for conversion, but he did not think that the constant de nunciation of the ceremonies of the natives would tend to do so. He could not consent to the production of any Papers not laid before Parliament. Mr. SALomoNs thought the Court ought to be satisfied with the assurance that the orders were in a course of being carried into execution, and that the Hon. Proprietor ought to withdraw his motion. After a desultory conversation, a division tock place, when there appeared— For the motion l7 Against it 32 Majority —ls Mr. WEEDING postponed his motion relative to the case of Gaptain Heaviside till next General Court. Sir C. FORBES complained of a sum of 63,000/. being disbursed under the bead of secret service money. It was more than the Government of the country dared spend, n d if it was allowed to go on, the dividends must be re uue e d . Not only on the part of the Proprietors, but also on the part of the natives of India, he asked what had been d one with t h at mone y ? H e h a d no d ou bt it was d isbursed at the order of Sir John Hobhouse, but he trusted, the Ch a i rman an d t h e oth e r members of the Secret Committee would give some explanation of such gross e xpenditure. The CHAIRMAN had no other explanation to make titan that the money bad been expended under the orders of the Secret Committee, under the provisions of the Act of Parliament. Sir C. FORBES gave a notice of motion for inquiry into the expenditure of this sum for the next General Court. The Court then adjourned. THE JIM-CROW JOURNAL,—The change in the prop r i e torship and consequent abandonment of Whig far Tory principles, which has recently been witnessed in Paper, form the subject, a deco ) ed semi-animate Evening we see, of pretty general rr , rnark by our porri p e i s au ie . the country. We are glad to see that the ambiguousnter(' sibilities about " good government," and all that, put forth that by th e p ap( r i n q uestion, have dec e i ve d no one, however politically dishonest the design of their and manufac turer may have been, he has not succeeded in securing a market for his Tory tinsel, albeit tricked out in false colours. Jim Crow may perhaps find that ; saltatory and selfish as hi s Couri r-course has always bee n , t h at in his Present defection, as well as in all his previous desertions, he has jumped out of the frying-pan into the fire. REFUSAL OF ALDERMAN LUCAS TO COM 31IT IN CA•ES OF CRUELTY TO ANIMAL3.—We are sorry to find that Alderman Lucas still perseveres in his opposi li°ll to the law on cruelty to animals, and has declared that u; would not convict or. the evidence of only one witness. ease of 'extreme cruelty was, last week, brought by Gibbins, Officer to the Animal's Friend Society, of an ?ronibus horse cf Mr. Alexander, which was covered with hleeding sores under the collar, and o n the side where the oriv er 17 a s whipping. Alderman Lucas sai d to Gibbins, " I have hor ses of .mv own, and a very little work will .hors e a sore under the collar ; I suppose when you see a Ihlthotriee wwhitihppaeurre neck you follow it, and when you seethe while :a would not summon the driver." He remarked not convict on the evidence of only one s (though he has been repeatedly shown that this w am as er i e n . defian ce of the law), and he dismissed the case, society ing the prosecutor in costs. The other cases of the broken iltselltll der rnan y vv , eek were of drover 91 G, fined 105. by Al for having thrown a sheep down a cellar and cltney-coaeegh; John Brotherton, fined 53. ; and Joseph Mack, 125., by Mr. Traill, for cruelty so horses ; and White, also for man The T cruelty to . Tory paper Winch has had f ,435 , 4s. and costs, by Alderman a horse. called the Sunderland Beacon, hunce, is r om its starting but a sickly sort of aboutex to become extinct. It is to be succeeded of by ano thether publicetion of si m il ar principles, under t h e t i t l e Northern Times . AL CALEDONIAN CANAL. Report of the Select Committee of the House of Commons appointed to consider and report what steps it is advisable to take with respect to the present state of the Caledonian Canal, and to whom were referred the Annual Reports of the Commissioners, and the Report of Mr. Walker, 4th July, 1838, and who were instructed to con sider the state of the Crinan Canal ; have consi dered the matter referred to them, and have agreed to the following Report : Before proceeding to report to the House the re sult of their inquiries into the present state of the Caledonian Canal, your Committee will lay before the House a brief outline of its former history. . The Caledonian Canal was originally undertaken in the year 1803. The peculiar natural features of the great Caledonian valley, occupied for much the greater portion of its length by a regular chain of inland lakes, and extensive arms of the sea, had long suggested the idea of carrying a Canal through it ; but the distressed state, at that period, of the labouring population in the Highlands, which it was intended to relieve by employment on the pro posed construction, was the immediate cause which led to the undertaking of that work. After repeated discussions before Parliament, and after several sur veys had been made, a plan prepared by Mr. Tel ford was fixed upon ; and an Act was obtained, and Commissioners were appointed for carrying the undertaking into effect. The plan of Mr. Tel proposed a uniform depth of water in the canal of 20 feet, with locks measuring 170 feet long and 40 feet wide, so as to afford the means of navigation to a 32-gun frigate, and to vessels of the largest class employed ;n the Euro pean foreign trade, at a cost of 350,0001. Before the actual commencement of the works, on a more careful investigation, the estimate was increased to 474,5001. This sum, however, fell far short of the actual expenditure. The great rise, during the progress of the works, in the value of timber espe cially, as well as of every kind of material employed in the construction of the canal, and in the cost of labour itself (consequent on the unprecedented in crease in the price of provisions), together with the want of experience in the formation of esti mates for works of so gigantic a nature, afford some explanation of the extreme excess of the ex penditure over the estimate. For a further expla nation of the cause of this excess, your Committee beg to refer to the full and distinct information afforded upon that head by Mr. May, the resident engineer of the canal, in a Report to the Secretary of the Commissioners (vide Appendix), dated Ist November, 1837. Many unforseen difficulties occurred to prevent the canal being opened until several years after the period originally contem plated. 'Year after year, during the whole progress of the work, the inaccuracy of the original estimate becoming more evident, a strong feeling was at length manifested against further advances of public money, or renewing the annual application to Par liament for further grants ; and under these circum stances the Cornmisssioners were led, in the year 1822, to open the canal, when only partially com pleted. In that unfinished state, fit only for very limited use, the canal has ever since continued. This premature opening of the canal has occasioned numerous accidents to the works, and entire failures of certain portions of them, the repairing of which has been the source of continual expense, and has frequently caused the navigation to be inter rupted. To these interruptions, as will be shown in the sequel, much of the want of success which has attended the undertaking is to be attributed. The total cost of the canal up to the period of its being opened, amounted to the sum of 905,258/., and the outlay, to the latest period to which the accounts have been made up, is 1,023,628/.195. 6d. The sum is composed of the following items : Payments for Land and Damages Payments for Management and Law 43,500 Payments for Timber and Iron-work Payments for Quarries and Masonry Payments for Lobour Shipping, Houses, Roads, and incidental expenses, including interest of money borrowed (about) 33,128 £1,023,628 In addition to the sum already expended, there remain due by the Commissioners of the Canal, as nearly as the same can be estimated, the sum of £39,146 4 0 The attention of your Committee was first directed to the insecure state of the works of the canal, as pointed out by Mr. Walker, in order to ascertain the nature and extent of the remedies absolutely necessary. From the evidence given by Mr. Wal ker and Mr. Mav, your Committee were satisfied that the report of . the former gentleman by no means overstates the danger to be apprehended from the present state of the canal, as regards not only the works themselves, but the safety of life and pro perty in the neighbourhood of the Gairlochie lock. At this lock, the waters of Loch Lochie, which contains a surface of six thousand acres, and are dammed up many feet above their natural level, are supported by only one pair of gates ; on the break ing of such - barrier, the outpouring l (waters on the adjoining country would occa r such a dreadful loss of life and property, th a tno time ought to be lost in guarding against such an accident. At many of the other locks the masonry is in the most defective state ; and since Mr. Walker visited the canal, very extensive failures in some of the lock-walls have occurred. From the imper fect original construction of many portions of the canal itself, the leakage through the banks is so great as to render it impossible to maintain uni formly such a depth of water as would render it at all times navigable for vessels of very moderate size. The whole works appear to be in a dilapidated and insecure state, and their condition is daily be coming more alarming. Following the course laid down by the Lords of the Treasury for Mr. Walker's guidance in the letter before referred to, the Committee obtained from that gentleman explanations of the improve ments he had recommended in his Report, distin guishing those which were indispensable to the preservation of the works from those which might be considered expedient as improvements. The former were estimated by Mr. Walker at the sum of 26,0001.; but this sum would neither provide for the completion of the canal, so as to afford at all times a depth of seventeen feet of water, nor for the supply of steam-tugs upon the Highland Lakes ; both indispen sable, in the opinion of your Committee, to the fu ture prosperity of the canal, and indeed to its re maining open. From the evidence of Mr. May, as well as from the testimony of several other witnesses, a strong objection now exists to the use of the canal, from the uncertainty there is at any particular time whether its channel contains a sufficient depth of water. This uncertainty particularly applies to a part of Loch Oich. But were this inconvenience remedied, the greatest impediment to the navigation of the canal would still continue, unless steam-tugs were introduced upon the lakes. These lakes, sur rounded by mountains, which rise abruptly to a great height from their margin, and having shores too rugged and steep to admit of constructing a towing path, form in the valley a natural funnel, through which the wind blows invariably, either up or down. To beat against a head-wind upon these lakes is impossible ; vessels, therefore, are fre quently obliged to remain for days, and even weeks, waiting for a favourable wind. The uncertainty of such a passage has led naturally to the com parative neglect of the canal as a means of naviga tion from one side of the kingdom to the other. Supported, therefore, by the opinion of every wit ness examined on the subject, your Committee consider that the cost of establishing steam-tugs on these lakes must be included in the estimate of ne cessary expenditure, and this addition would amount to 13,0001. Your Committee endeavoured to as certain from Mr. Walker whether the outlay pro posed by him in his report to the Treasury would admit of reduction ; but after the fullest considera tion, your Committee came to the conclusion that it was not expedient to make any further improve ments, unless of such a nature as to place the works in a permanently efficient i b s l t e a , t e co o m f r p e l p et a e ir, a a s nd a remlrdee of communication between the eastern and western coasts. The amount requisite for this purpose has been stated by Mr. Walker at 150,0001. But considering that since his report was made, further accidents have occurred, and that there is reason to fear that the dilapidations are still increasing, and adverting to the debts still due by the Commis sioners, a less sum than 200 , 0 001. cannot safely be I calculated on. _ _ _ Looking to the magnitude of this outlay, and t o the small amount of traffic there has hitherto been on the canal, the question has not unnaturally arisen, whether the canal ought longer to be kept open. As to the practicability of totally abandon ing the works, considerable doubts have been ex pressed, and neither Mr. Walker nor Mr. May could give any estimate of the expense of such a procedure. It is obvious that a very large outlay would be requisite to fence the banks and locks, and to pretect the adjoining districts from the effect of any overflowing ; while, as regards Loch Lochie, raised artificially above its natural level, Mr. May expresses considerable doubt whether it could be restored to its original state. Were the canal abandoned, it would, in the opinion of that gentle men, be necessary to retain almost as large an es tablishment as at present, to protect the works, and this without the possibility of any return here after to assist in defraying the expense. Add to this, that claims for compensation would probably be raised by parties who have expended capital in the adjoining districts on the faith of the canal being maintained. All these would occasion an outlay so great, and at the same time so difficult of accurate estimate, that your Committee have formed a decided opinion that the proposition of abandoning the canal cannot be entertained. It remains to be considered whether there are sufficient grounds to justify your Committee in re commending the House to sanction so large an expenditure as will be necessary to render the canal available for navigation to the extent originally proposed. With a view to obtain information as to the pro bable extent to which the canal would be used, if placed in such a state as is proposed in Mr. Walker's Report, your Committee directed that a circular letter should be addressed by their Chairman to several of the large sea-ports which might be supposed to be most interested in the maintenance of the canal. A copy of this letter and of the an swers will be found in the Appendix. Witnesses from Glasgow, Dundee, Belfast, and London were also examined on this subject. How far the pro jected improvements in. the canal would lead to an increase of trade, the opinions your Corn mittee obtained are various, and must necessarily be hypothetical ; but their general tendency leads yonr Committee to believe that a very great in. crease of traffic would take place were it rendered a matter of certainty that a passage could be ef fected within five days, and were the tedious and dangerous navigation of the Pentland Frith thus su perseded. On looking to the return of the number of vessels which have passed through the canal since it was originally opened, a table of which will be found in the appendix, a gradual increase may be observed of late years, notwithstanding the difficul ties and frequent obstructions in the passage ; and your Committee see no reason to doubt that, with the advantages proposed to be afforded by the plans of Mr. Walker, such a further increase would take place as to justify the expenditure now recommended. Had it been referred to your Committee to consider and report whether an expenditure of upwards of 1,000,0001. sterling should be incurred in forming a canal from the Moray Frith to Loch Eil, your Committee cannot contemplate any circumstances which would have justified them in making such a recommendation ; it forms, however, no part of the duty of your Committee to inquire into the expediency of the original undertaking ; and the real point now to be decided is this : if a perfect ship canal, connecting the Eastern and Western Oceans, could be formed for a sum not exceeding 200,0001. could Parliament be justified in granting that amount for such an object ? Considering the great expense,without any prospect of a return, to which the abandonment of the canal would lead, and that this expense must be deducted from the foregoing sum of 200,0001., in order to estimate fairly what the net cost would be of placing the canal in a com plete and finished state, your Committee have no hesitation in deciding this question in the affirma tive ; and they have accordingly agreed to the following resolutions, on which this report has been framed : Resolved, That it is the opinion of this Com mittee- 1. That the insecure condition of the works on. the Caledonial Canal. as detailed in the report oi" Mr. Walker, has been fully established by the evi dence laid before the Committee. 2. That the state of the canal calls for the im mediate attention of Parliament, not only with re • ference to the preservation of the works, but also as regards the security of life and property in por tions of the district through which the canal passes. 3. That this Committee cannot recommend the abandoning or shutting up the canal, on account of the large but unknown sum which must be expended to accomplish these objects, independent of the claims for compensation which may be expected to be preferred by those interested in its maintenance. 4. That the Committee is of opinion that the un finished state of some portions of the works of th e canal, and the imperfect execution of other parts— the want of a sufficient depth of water—and the absence of steam-tugs on the great Highland lochs, have prevented the development of those benefits to commerce which might reasonably have been expected to result from its construction. 5. That this Committee is of opinion that con siderable benefit would arise to the commerce and trade of several of the large and important northern sea-ports, were the works of the canal placed in an efficient state of repair, its depth increased, and the assistance of steam-tugs afforded, as recommended in the report of Mr. Walker. 6. That this Committee, therefore ; recommend, that a sum not exceeding 200,0001. should be placed at the disposal of the Government to be ex pended in the repair and improvement of the canal, under the authority of an Act of Parliament, which should be procured for this purpose. 7. That the Chairman be requested to draw up and submit to the Committee a report in conformity with the foregoing resolutions. THE SUN, LONDON, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1839. navy, farmers of the better class, and individuals I who have been engaged in commerce. Their re moval with their families to this distant country, and the numerous difficulties they have had to en counter, afford no unimportant evidence both of the respectability of their circumstances and of their in dependent and enterprising character. The landed property of the island is almost exclusively: in their possession ; for the most part, they have been un sparing in their expenditure of capital and industry upon the improvement of their farms." The number of churches and chapels in the colony, existing and in progress, amounts very nearly to 40, exclusive of the means of religious in struction provided for the convict gangs in Govern ment service, and exclusive also of many stations where there are no churches, but where the ordi nances of religion are regularly dispensed by Clergy men or Catechists. One-half of these churches and chapels have been built within the last five or six years, many of them with only partial assistance from Government, and others with no Government assistance at all. With regard to education, there are in the allotted townships throughout the colony public schools, with Government salaries ; there are besides several independent establishments for the education of the youth of both sexes, and private tuition is very generally adopted by the more wealthy families. The means of education, however, are still extremely inadequate and defective, a fact of which the colonists themselves are deeply sensible, and which, with the co-operation of Government, they expect soon to be remedied." _ This is the testimony of the Wesleyan Mi nister : I have the honour to concur fully in the senti ments which his Excellen c y the Lieut.-Governor has been pleased to express on the points in ques tion ; to which sentiments it will be my constant study to give the fullest circulation, and thus bear my 'humble testimony in behalf of a branch in this community, from whom I have received every mark of attention and encouragement in my ministerial pm suits." The Secretaries of the Congregational Union, comprising four Independent churches, thus express their opinions : " We cannot hesitate to express our conviction that the statements which have appeared in the public papers in England on this subject are in a very great degree inaccurate and unfounded ; we readily attest that, as it regards social order and decorum, and a disposition to sanction and to sup port the institutions of religion, the free population of this country not suffer from comparison with the general character of the community in any part of England. We also conceive that the de moralised condition of the prisoner population, and the injurious effects of their intermixture with other classes, have been greatly exaggerated. We are informed that religious and respectable persons in Great Britain have been deterred from emigrating to our shores by the fear of exposing their families to the moral contamination which they have been ied to regard as inevitable, so that we have thus been deprived of the addition of valuable members to our community by the impression which has been produced in England relative to this colony. Feel ing deeply solicitous for the land of our adoption, we cannot but be anxious that this har to our pros perity should be removed. We wish it to be un derstood by the moral and religious portion of the community in Gre a t B r itain, that whilst we de ploreb the ev il s w hi c h rea lly e xist i n thi s c olony, es pecially th e i na d equate sup ply o f religious instruc tion, th e prevalence of a worldly and contentious spirit, and the existence, in many quarters, of in temperate habits, we cannot but protest against the assumption that this is a land of unparalleled pro fligacy and crime, and we trust that the members of the community will ever be concerned by word and by deed to repel an imputation of such a cha racter." After these testimonies probably our emigrating population will feel less repugnance than before to seek Van Diemen's Land. No doubt if the Hindoos could read the English newspapers, they as ready to refute the calumnies of the Bishop of London, as their genero u s an d f a ithful friend, Sir Charles Forbes, was ready to do it for them. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. (WEDNESDAY EVENING.) TIM ES.—The pressure for money has been expe rienced with more severity at the Stock Exchange to day than for a considerable time past, and as much as 8 per cent. has been commonly paid on the best securities for short periods. The recent accounts from the United States appear to be viewed by the monied interests of the City in a discouraging light, in consequence of which considerable amounts of American State and I Share securities lodged with bankers and capitalists against advances have made their appearance, and been hawked about the market without finding pur chasers on acceptable, if on any terms. This arises, of course, from the loans being called in, and may be accounted for from the fact of the moneys ad vanced being wanted either for the current demands of regular business, or for contingencies of probable oc currence, and the movements of the Bank of Eng land. What gives more currency to the latter suppo sition is the understanding, that not only have the ap plications for discount been of considerable amount at the Bank, but applications have been made for loans upon Bills and other securities by parties not usually in the habit of applying for accommodation in that shape. Altogether, the aspect of money affairs ap pears far more favourable, and in the early part of the day more especially the funds, both home and foreign, were a ff ecte d by it. Consols, during most part of the day, were 90i to 901 for money, and at the close they were still quoted 90i sellers for money, and 90i buyers for account. Bank Stock was 187 to 188, for the opening ; India Stock, 248 to 230 ; Exchequer Bills, Is. to 3s. premium. The decline in Consols since yesterday is equal to per cent. A Report recently received in India from Dr. Lord, who was attached to the mission of Captain Burnes to Calm', contains some interesting statements respecting the prospects of Indian trade with Turkistan, and its present position. The trade is carried on chiefly, if not altogether, through Bokhara, and it is likely to become an object of greater interest, inasmuch as there would appear no sufficient reason why that portion of the inte rior of Asia should be so largely supplied from the fairs and frontier towns of Russia, when, in fact, the dis tances and the difficulties in the way of the transit of commodities are greater, and therefore the charges heavier from Bokhara to Orenburg, the nearest Russian station, than to Cabul, Dera Ghazee, or Multan, on the Indus. From Bokhara to Orenburg the distance is equal to a two months' journey, and to Nishnei No vogorod, where the great fairs are held at which the traders of Bokhara and other parts attend to buy in their supplies, a further journey of 28 days. Whereas from Bokhara to Cabul the distance is no more than a common journey of 36 days, or is summer of 30 days only, with a further 14 to 18 days, as the merchandise may be destined for Dera Ismael, Dera Ghazee, or Multan. To Multan the Indus is navigable for vessels of some burden, and for small craft all the way to Ca bul. Although the merchandise, on its transport to Turkistan, has to pass through the territories of various petty chiefs, besides Cabul and Bokhara, in each of which a small impost is exacted, yet the total of these imposts was estimated at no more than about 5 per cent., delivered at Koondooz, the chief town of Turkis tan. This estimate was applicable only, however, to the lighter and more costly articles of produce or manu factures ; for on bulky materials, such as common dye stuffs, the same rate of taxation would amount to 100 pr cent. upon the commodities. So far, however, the charges were favourable to the import into Turkistan of the sorts of goods and the traffic which more especially interested this country and our East India possessions. Among the goods best adapted for profit and con sumption in the country, broad cloths, it is stated, corn 'nand a " ready sale and good price ;" and it appears that if better qualities than those usually despatched for the Bokhara trade were sent, they would be likely to meet a better market.. The colours most in vogue were " scarlet, sky, garter blue, and bottle green." A " bright yellow would be well suited for the taste of those in habitants who delight in gaudy colours, and is said to be preferred for saddle-cloths.' " By the elder and graver sorts of people a drab colour obtains a pre• ference. In the single bazaar of Koondooz the sales of broal cloths was estimated to amount to no more than about 6,000 to 10,000 rupees a year. British chintzes and other cotton piece goods had already found their way through the facilities of water communication in some quantities, and a large increase might be looked for in the consump tion since those facilities have become better un derstood, and, by an improved understanding with the native powers on the banks of the Indus, can be fanwpd up. The stronger fabrics, it is said, such as nankeen anu now supplied from Russia. It it hoped, however, that these descriptions may not be furnished by the Indus and at the Indus fair on more advantageous terms, allowing even the 30 per cent. profit, which is the common calculation of mercantile transactions with the Bokhara traders. Fustian, with " watered or damasked patterns," such as are common here on " moreen furnitures," are most in request, anc t rco w aofc o ut u ßnu l tro d rikni form res a skillth surro un ding , l a l t eb re e s a ti investment. v ae c nist sotein veryini ns t. bTelul A oirewk l v t ,i l es l dottaiulnnga that at ndi Idiel difficulty oc s etu i : l ,l : te y - s r would be found in supplanting them, as the " manu facturing even weave a handkerchief entire, if more than an alcheen' wide." They are then woven in breadth, and stitched together afterwards. The Bokhara silks contain an admixture of cotton, and as substance is a matter of taste and habit, it must be considered in any silk fabrics sent there for sale. In hardware, " cast-iron pots" are greatly in use, and, being a perishable article, the demand is constant, as no house can be without them. It is observed that the whole of this branch of supply might be fur nished hence, as the " freight of a ton of iron goods from England to the mouth of the Indus is considerably less than the hire of a camel to bring a quarter of a ton from Orenburg to Bokhara." Bar iron, steel, copper, and tin, in the same manner, could be all supplied hence, when the market is once fairly opened. Razors, penknives, scissors, and cutlery in general would meet a ready sale in moderate quanti ties, but prices must be low, as the high rates demanded have hitherto been a bar to consumption. " Penknives with many blades" and small scissors would he pre ferred. In teas, also, a considerable traffic is antici pated, as the use of it is general and on the inereaie throughout all the interior of Cabul and Turkistan, Very inferior sorts, however, were used, from the ex travagant prices of the better qualities. Good green tea was two rupees per pound, and better could be pro cured at Bombay, by retail, much lower. Sugar, paper, indigo, and other kinds of produce were also in request. Common glass and China ware, with restrictions as to quantity, would find a fair market. The China ware should be " rather bowls than cups, the glass ' ()Teen and white bottles, with small common mirrors. In Bokhara, cast and cut glasses are highly esteemed, and would fetch a good price." The exports from Turkistan to Bokbara are at pre sent " slaves, furs, and sheep ; to Cabul, gold, silk L cotton, sheep, and horses." The average quantity o' gold, however, was said not to exceed 1461b5. troy, but this was merely the amount registered, and upon which duty was paid. Production of all kinds would, how ever, very naturally be increased in countries of vast extent and fertility when a demand was excited for returns against imports. CHRONICLE.—Some doubts having been enter tained as to whether it was the intention of Messrs. Rothschild to take' up the bills refused acceptance by Messrs. Hottinguer, it may perhaps be satisfactory to state that they have already come forward for that pur pose, and have intimated by letter to those quarters where they were held their immediate readiness to do so, which removes entirely any apprehension on the , subject. Money has again been very scarce to-day at the Stock Exchange, and a decline has consequently taken place on most descriptions of British securities. The uncertainty respecting an average harvest, owing to the wet weather of the last fortnight, and the position of monetary affairs at present, are altogether such as to occasion much uneasiness, and want of confidence has considerably increased since the last return from the Bank of England, showing the stock of bullion to have been under 3,000,0001., more especially as it is generally supposed that the real state of :he case is much worse than what is presented in that average statement. Be sides which, the power possessed by the Bank of drawing largely upon Paris had not produced so great an effect upon the exchanges as was anticipated ; since, instead of causing a gradual and continued advance, the Bank, it appears, has great difficulty in preventing a decline, which has been the case in several instances for the last two or three posts. Consols for money were last marked at 90i to 1, and 90 to 91 for the Account ; India Stock, 249 to 2.50 ; Exchequer bills, Is. to 3s. prem. ence that renewed speculation and jobbing in the Penin sular and Transatlantic Bonds will have upon it. ADVERTISER—As we anticipated a day or two since, the Bank Directors have come cautiously into the market as sellers of the unfunded debt, a most judicious measure under existing circumstances, and one which we trust they may be enabled successfully to carry out without materially depressing its value. The premium to-day fell at one period from ss. to Is., but subse quently rallied to Ss. Consols, still influenced by the weather and a temporary scarcity of money. MORALS IN VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. It appears by some papers just printed by order of the House of Commons, that our expatriated countrymen in Van Diemen's Land are extremely sensible to what is said of them in and by thepublic Press at home. In consequence, we believe, of the investigations of the Committee on Transportation, sonic very serious charges were made in various D bit i a e n m t e s ni o a f na al f l eit th th e es p e e r n e a m l at s k e a tt , le a m n e d nt f s e . It publications aga i nst t h e mora li ty of the free i nha- Tthhaet they would be injurious both to their reputation and the prosperity of the colony, by keeping from it new settlers. On the first of September last year, a public meeting was held at Campbeltown, at which resolutions were passed vouching for the morals of the Van Diemenians, and reprobating the unjust and unfounded remarks of the purists at home, who, by the by, seem we must say, to act on the principle of the French Cure, who continually thundered forth against the vices of his parishioners, that they might have no time or heart to think of examining his conduct. To the resolutions agreed to at that meeting, the Clergy of the Colony have signified their adherence, and the papers published by the House of Commons, consist in their declared opinions, communicated to the Chairman of the meeting. The Archdeacon, the Rev. Mr. Hutchins, and the clergy of the Archdeaconry, say they " concur generally in Placing the originally free popolation of this is land upon an equality in respect of morality, decency of conduct, and attention to religious du ties, with the corresponding class of society in our native land." The Presbyterian clergy say, by the pen of their Moderator— " Our inquiries having been directed, in the first instance, to the statements complained of as they have appeared in the English newspapers ; it is with the greatest satisfaction that those of us par ticularly whose long residence in the country and intimate intercourse with the inhabitants qualify them for forming correct opinions upon the subject, are able to bear their decided testimony to the sub stantial inaccuracy and falsehood of the alleged facts upon the grounds of which these calumnious representations have, been made. But while they thus broadly deny the accuracy of the statements on which the calumnies in question profess to be founded, thc:y can, from personal knowledge, adduce indubitable facts and circumstances on the past and present condition of the free emigrant population of this colony, which, so far from authorizing state ments injurious to their characters, might, in the estimation of every unprejudiced mind, afford ground for (entirely opposite conclusions. The free emigrant settlers (and there are but few of any other di ascription among us) are almost all of them me it from the middle ranks of society in the mother country, retired officers of the army and CONSERVATIVE « CONVERTS." (From the Cambridge Advertiser.) At the request of an intelligent correspondent we sub join, for the information of our fellow -townsmen, a list of such of Mr. Manners Sutton's supporters at the late elec tion as formerly gave their suffrages to Reformers only. We have of course excluded those who have merely given split votes in favour of Reformers, and we have also excluded one person who, by mistake, gave a plumper for Mr. Pryme in 1832, instead of voting as he clearly intended for Pryme and Sudden. Some of the parties whose names will be found be low, have no doubt changed their politics from the purest motives ; the number of these, however, is sup posed to be small, and there are some who venture to say that it would be as difficult to select them, as to pick out a needle in a bottle of hay. • Others are shrewdly su'pected to have been influenced by those potent and sovereign arguments of which sixteen were found in the pocket of the celebrated Mr. Samuel Long. Some are deserving of pity as the wretched victims of the most atrocious coercion. Others are fit objects of contempt, having been actuated by caprice, disappointment, or personal dislike. It may be observed, tlnnt those whose inconsistency is least excusable, were ps•trticularly active in joining the cuckoo cry of renegade, t ;raitor and apostate, applied with such blackguard viru Icnce to Mr. Gibson, daring the recent contest. ( Here follow the name of the political renegades.) The following su►nmar . y tends rather to confirm our theory, that corruption I tnd coercion are more easily practised on those who I lave not recorded their votes, inasmuch as it appears th at by far the greater number of the " Converts" whose names we have given, are per sons who have only once given their votes in favour of Reformers. " Converts" who have on. :e voted for Reformers... 50 " Converts" who have tw ice voted for Reformers... 17 " Converts "who have tilt ice voted for Reformers... 15 " Converts" who have vc aed four times for Refor- mers 00000000 • ........ s ................. 0000 sok 0000000 If the 91 " Converts"l tad remained true to the cause of Reform, Mr. Gibson n lust have been returned by a majority of 82 ; as the poll would then have stood thus : Gibson polled .. Add " Con' rerts " 9l .--708 Sutton polled Deduct "Cc Inverts" 9l ----626 82 Mr. Manners Sutton h as a right, if he thinks proper, to boast of his own co nsistency, but he cannot, we think, fairly boast of the ; ionsistency of his supporters ; for had it not been for t! se apostacy or conversion (we prefer the milder term) o f a considerable partion of the Reform party, he would not have been elevated, even for a time, to the post of representative of the borough of Cambridge. How must the Duke . of Rutland chuckle at the re sult of the late election• He must feel delighted be yond measure that the B reform Bill has, as regards his borough of Cambridge, ( for such he of course still oanncon siders it,) proved an en ti re null ity. His dominio n is, as he thinks, again re: .tored ; and th e M an ners and Manners Suttons, we t lo ubt no t , look forward at no distant day to Archbish o p ric s and Lord Chancellor ships, and Lord-Lieuter la ntcies, and Speakerships, and sinecures, as the fair am 1 le g itima te reward of the suc cessful exertions of the 91 " "Converts," s i .7cl_ern Standard Novelists," " N n ov e l i bringing stto contain Mr. Ho races," on the t back to a state of sla ver y and s ubjection this once emancipated borough. i isgm amessemene mi _ AMUSEMENT FOR ALL CLASSES.—The next volume eves m oo Smiths h ' :s publication,zi "Zillah, Colburn's al , ir il I, tnnounced .a , Tale of th e H oly City, " one of the most admirable roc aanc es in the language, complete, with illustrations, for s ix sh fillings. The principal charm of " Zillah," as a Heb row a tory, consists in its minute and graphic delineation of mane era and costume, in themselves remarkably picturesque ‘, and w hich are i nveste d w i t h fi ner HERALD. —Money has become somewhat more charms of association . than t hose of any other people of valuable in the commercial discount market to-clay, as antiquity, in the view a f the . religious observer. Its hero- well as upon the Stock Exchange, at the same time fine is a Jewish maiden , of hig Ii descent, and of the rarest beauty, who accompani her fh es father to Rome, on an em- over the general rate of interest which sound there has not been any cause to suppose the present bassy with which he is char ged to defeat the views of value is Herod. She travels al on g the Appian way, through the pa per can comm and--viz ., six per cent. Undoubtedly places which Horace h as r m dered f am ili ar ; en ki n dles there ha v e been exceptions, but that as much arises out the wanton passion of t. be 1 v oluptuous Antony, and nar- of choice in man y instances, and also of respective or in- rovvly, on several occasit .ns, escapes him—falls into the dividual credit. hands of the pirates, and ii 1 d etained for awhile among their That there is sufficient cause of anxiety for the future tremendous caverns in the aides of iEtna—is carried to state of the Money Market cannot well be denied ; the Egypt, and set free by the r onerous daring of Cleopatra, — accounts from France, and other parts of the Continent and, finally, made happy wit. 1 her lover, whom she has won seem almost to justify apprehension :- there is, however, to her faith in a delicious : retreat on the borders of the a strong difference between anxiety and alarm ; yet, desert, far from the din of • arms. Among the other ster though there is sufficient for the exercise of the former ling productions which already enrich " Colburn's Modern Standard Novelists" are the f ' ollowing :--Mr. We fi rm l y b e li eve that Mr. Hook's Three feeling, there does not app the Bank of England and the ear to be any for the latter. Series of " Sayings and a ;logs," eac h S er i es b e i n g illus- trated and complete in a sin gle volume for Six Shillings— well-conducted joint-stock banks are 5 has Sir E. L. Bulwer's " Pelh; an," .6 D evereux ," and "The taming the credit of the country, and that opinion . • It is not Disowned"—Horace Smith " Brambletye House"—Mr , not been founded upon slight information. . . Ward's ‘' Tremainc"—C°: Itain Marryat's " Frank Mild- doubted but the Money Market may, under existing may"—Mr. James's "Big "helieu"—and Lady Morgan's pressure and circumstances, be subject to occasional r " Florence Macarthy" and ' ' O'Donnel." What adeligbtful fluctuation for some time in consequence of the peculiar Library of Entertainment i a here presented - to the lover of state of our foreign and domestic politics and the influ- i romance, at less than one.) ffih of the original cost 1 —,,--............--- 'et capable of sus- COLOMBIAN DEBT. The following is the amount of the Colombian Interior Debt:— Dollars. Consolidated at 3 per cent. 9,936,707 19 Consolidable at 3 per cent. 2,821,328 90 Dollars. 9,758,036 09 Consolidated at 5 per cent. 5,359,255 75 Consolidable at 5 per cent. 331,086 06 5,690,341 81 Floating without interest 2,314,423 45 Ditto, at 5 per cent Ditto, at 6 per cent 5,956,204 60 Treasury bills without intrst 3,626,426 00 Ditto, at 5 per cent 13,345 09 Recognitions without interest. -------- 3,639,771 00 281,664 50 25,326,018 00 METROPOLITAN POLITICAL SUMMARY. The Courier of last evening, speaking of Mr. Macau lay's appointment to the Secretaryship at War, with a seat in the Cabinet, observes :—" This appointment of Mr. Macaulay to a seat in the Cabinet must be taken as an indication of the bent of the Government. It shows the determination of the present Ministry to hazard all, and to rely for support on the party of the movement.' More agitation is to be the order of the day ; the game of delusion is again to be attempted on the discontented population ; and the emissaries of the Government will doubtless again pro claim that there can be no amelioration of the condition of the suffering working classes except by hastening on fur ther changes, and more Radical reforms. A new agitation may be expected for the furtherance of the question of the Ballot ; for in adopting Mr. Macaulay at the pre sent critical juncture of affairs, it is to be presumed that Lord Melbourne's Ministry are secretly inclined to, though they have not openly adopted, the political opinions which Mr. Macaulay avows as his best recom mendations to Parliament. In the speech which Mr. ' Macaulay delivered to the electors of Edinburgh on the 29th of May last, we find that, in his opinion, the Ballot was the grand panacea for all the evils, political and social, under which his auditors seemed to labour." The Standard observes, in allusion to the state of af fairs in India :—" By some unhappy fatality, there is no part whatever of the policy of her Majesty's Minis ters, whether at borne or abroad, which it is possible for any unprejudiced mind to contemplate with the smallest degree of satisfaction ; nay, even those of their performances of which they have from time to time vaunted as theft• chef d'oeuvres, have eventually taken their place among the most miserable and calamitous of their failures, There is perhaps no one of their mistakes of which they have boasted more loudly than of Lord Auckland's military movement in India. The march of a large army to what, to super ficial observers, may appear to be almost certain success, is rarely an unpopular measure ; and that of Lord Auck• land's army of the Indus was, accordingly, heralded by more than ordinary exultation on the part of Ministers and their sycophants. The l)ukc of Wel lington, however, was not to be deceived by Lord Melbourne's couleur de rose anticipations. He foresaw from the first the danger and difficulty of the enterprise ; and when Lord Auckland's elaborate declaration of war was first shown to him, is said to have lilted up his eyes and exclaimed with astonishment, " Are they mad?" Successive accounts of the triumphant march of this grand expedition appeared to make no impres sion on his mind. He foresaw the obstacles and privations to which so large a body of troops must of necessity be subjected on such a route. He knew, from experience, the difficulty of subsisting an army in such a country, and expressed his apprehensions that it would suffer more from privation, fatigue, and disease, than from any enemy with which it might have to contend. No prediction could have been more com pletely verified." The Globe contains the following remarks on the Corn-laws, suggested by Sir James Graham's recent - z ns tri Pi t a t ie N .u et u h i e . rby_ th as e w re or o. s a t rd f s au t l h t is vre qu fi e n s d .. tion, is not that of " keen adatacy, it. They are " lukewarm, neither cold nOrl—hrrlMl like " would they were cold or hot." It is noticeable that they none of them declare themselves champions of the present Corn-laws. Neither Sir Robert Peel in Par liament, Sir George Murray at Manchester, nor Sir James Graham at Netherby, have said a sylla ble in behalf of those laws. They have none of them said a syllable, and they have taken good care not to do so, which should stand in their way, were they in, and the pressure from without urged them to repeal the Corn-laws. They have confined themselves entirely to throwing as much indirect odium as possible on those who, with a manlier spirit, avowed their opinions against the system. They have not one of them dared to say, in so many words, that they would maintain the present system against those relaxations to the advocates of which, in the ministerial party, they would attach odium. Now this may pass for very refined policy in the heads of a party ; to parade themselves as the friends of a particular interest ; to insinuate enmity to that interest in their opponents (many of whom, no toriously, have as deep a stake in it as any on the oppo i site side), and to leave open a loophole all the while, to escape from their own professions, by saying nothing spe cific of their views or intentions. This is the recent policy of the party with regard to the Corn-laws ; and on this, as on other points, they may possibly find that ho nesty is the best policy.' Sir James Graham deprecates a rash and sudden alteration' of the Corn-laws. Who has proposed rash and sudden proceedings? Certainly no one in Parliament. Who will be principally blame able, if, in stress of popular wants and passions, rash and sudden proceedings should, one day, be adopted ? Certainly not those who have in vain invited de -1 liberation." The Times of this morning speaks in the following terms of the late Ministerial appointments :—" Mr. Babington Macaulay—Mr. Babington Macaulay-- mighty in language—a deliverer of all but interminable speeches—busy yourself with aspirations—confine your self to words—leave substances unmolested. Beware of things. Touch not the world of action. You are a machine for giving utterance to noises, not for inculcat ing useful thoughts, or for directing purposes, in prac tice wise and beneficial. You are stuck into this vacuum to stop a leak in the ship, because no workmanlike or well-adapted plug could be found for it. We do fear that in your abandonment of book-making, and mere literary exertion, you will be come a mere source of vexatious fretfulness to your self, of exultation to men of coarse and unculti vated, but plain and vigorous, minds, and of posi tive mischief to our great national establishments. As for Lord Seymour and Mr. Clay, they will do well enough for clerks under the India Board, after we have lost—as people tell us we are about to do—the bulk of our Indian possessions. The Treasury prints go on to promise that Lord Clarendon will add his name, ta lents, and activity to a Government which, Heaven knows, is in grievous want of them all. Of that Noble Earl we are disposed to speak, as we long have felt, with cordial respect and approbation. In Spain Lord Clarendon has acquitted himself of an office full of per plexing difficulties with spirit and discretion, and with a demeanour which we have reason to know endeared him to many of his own countrymen, as it has demon strably to the bulk of the Spanish people. Should his Lordship now become a member of the Ministry, it will probably be more a matter of congratulation for Lord Melbourne than for his intended colleague." The Morning Post thus alludes to Lord Brougham's recently published pamphlet on National Education : " The paltry Ministerialists, who seem to have no motive on earth in any public matter beyond that of serving their own narrow interests, are doing all they can by their puny ridicule to keep out of sight the important practical views which Lord Brougham has lately published upon the subject of National Education. The important conclusion to which Lord Brougham has come—and considering the lead he has taken, and the great exertions he has made upon the subject of national education, i t is a very important conclusion—may b e briefly stated thus—that though he thinks the Established Church is wrong in the objections which she takes stillwhattethat error called general religious education,' is of so little importance, compared yet t h the great gain of having the Established Church on the side of_ those who are labouring to promote infant education,. that he would yield to the Church, and l % t e e s d . uca l t l io e n is, p i r i o n c is e t e e d .. upon the principles which she approves. rialists, who care no more about . education of the people than they do about the cleaning of the streets of Pekin, except in so far as the agitation of the ques tion may be made subservient to their party interests, are exceedingly enraged and alarmed at the suggestion of any t hi n g like concession to the principles of the Es tablished Church. It is more for their interest to con cede to the Itomanists and O'Connell?' The Morning Herald thus flippantly speaks of Mr. Macaulay, the new Secretary at War Mr. I Macaulay is a very heavy sort of personage. He possesses, as a speaker, no facility—no aptness at reply. He commits a long and smartish essay to me mory, and he fires it off (if wind and tide prove favour able), in the House of Commons. Of true oratorical power, however, he possesses not a vestige. For the wear and tear of business, he is altogether unfitted. Let him be brought fairly into collision with the rough edge of publi c a ff a i rs , an d his failure will be comple te. ! Mr. Macaulay has been, through life, a creature of EVENINc4 EDITION the coteries. Had he depended on his unaided merits, he wou ld now h ave b een earn i ng a painful livelihood, by the exercise of tongue or pen. But he betook himself early in life to the more profitable arts which are taught in the literary and political cliques of London. H . e made hi mse lf agreea bl e to the Whig patrons of pe riodical criticism. He trod in those pleasant paths that lead to Holland House, and to the mansion of Lord Lansdown e . H e t h rew himself for support upon the spirit of religiou s di ssent. H ence M r. Macaulay ' s ef fusionsin the _Edinburgh Review w er e by influential " Liberals" applauded to the echo that did applaud again. Hence Mr. Macaulay was originally introduced into Parliament. Hen ce M r . Macaulay—having utterly failed as a Parliamentary debater—was elevated to an Indian appointment with 10,000/. a year. Hence Mr. Macaulay has been again sent to the House of Com mons. Hence Mr. Macaulay has been appointed to the Secretaryship at War, with a seat in the Cabinet. Mr. 1 Macaulay will prove a failure—so t - r as success in the House of Commons is concerned—in office, as he has done out of office." The Morning Chronicle observes, with reference to the Irish Ribbon Societies—" We way as well remind the reader that these Ribbon Societies of Dublin sprang into existence under the infamous system of police esta blished under the Protestant Corporation of that city, as it were for the express purpose of countenancing thieves and vagabonds, and encouraging riot and ruffian ism. The public will also recollect the part which the Lords took in opposing and delaying the organisation of the new police, the operation of which has almost en tirely extinguished the lawless associations from which so much of the crime of Dublin derived its origin. The worst atrocities perpetrated by the gangs of ruffians described by Mr. Drummond, took place during the period when the Government was struggling with the Tory Lords to procure the blessings of peace and safety for the inha bitants of Dublin. We have more than once called at tention to a circumstance sufficient of itself to damn the entire case of Ribbonisni, as put forward by the Tory journals ; namely, the systematic refusal of the infor mants to give evidence, except upon an express stipu lation that their names are to remain secret, and that they are not to be called upon to substantiate their statements before a public tribunal, where they would be subjected to cross-examination, and exposed to the hazards of conviction for perjury. No rewards, no pro mises of safe conduct to distant countries, can induce these witnesses to make their depositions in a court of ustice." The Morning Advertiser speaks of the Corn-laws in the following just terms of reprobation :—" The Corn laws are a millstone round the neck of our commerce. The injury which they inflict upon the country is alto gether incalculable. They are equally a curse to this country and to others. While professing protection to agriculture, they are in reality its bane. By creating an uncertainty in the market, and causing sudden fluctua tion, such as occurred about a year since, when low prices were fictitiously introduced into the averages in order to keep them down so as to obtain admission for foreign grain at a low duty, they frequently operate as a positive injury rather than a gain to the farmer. Then, again, a dearth is as like:y to be caused by the doubtful nature of the demand for the articie as it is by unpro pitious seasons. Fen' will choose to speculate in the cultivation or production of a commodity of which the disposal is uncertain." GEOLOGY OF NEW YORK. (From a New York Paper.) 111 r. Lewis C. Beck, engaged in the geological sur vey of the State, has addressed a letter, under date of August 3d, to Governor Seward, giving a brief account of the progress of his researches. In company with his assistant, Dr. Horton, he first. visited the most important mineral regions of the counties of Lewis, Jefferson, and St. Lawrence. Several veins of lead ore, an analysis and description of one variety of which may be seen in the last Annual Report made to the Legislature, have been discovered, and a considerable expense already in curred for the purpose of ascertaining their extent and , value. Thus far the expectations of those immediately interested have not been realised. The veins, so far as they have been laid open, are too narrow, and the ore mingled with too much foreign matter, to warrant any hope of subjecting the veins successfully to mining ope rations. Tue attempts to open the veins, however, have not been without their use in contributing inte resting specimens of the ore and its associates to the collections of science. Crystallised galena, lenticular crystals, calcareous spar in the form of six-sided prisms, a crystallization of Con pyrites and floor spar in the form of cubes, having a delicate green colour, have been gathered in the course of recent investigations. The attcs.tion of the geologists were next directed to the localities about the towns of Diana, in Lewis county, and Wilna, in Jefferson county, which lie near to the v:stern boundary of a wild region, almost a complete lion, and - ef t t6-tAtni_sonte 80 miles in a northern direc lierkinier, Hamilton, ItAt,s , ` , ole counties of Lewis, Law rence. A great variety of tninera(sikvi 'ad St c. some in small quantities, and some in extensive a posites impartnnt in an economical view, such as beds of iron ore, soapstone, and serpentine. Tabular spar and green coccolite, fragments of which had evi dently been detached by force, were also found in great quantities. The accounts of silver mines reported to abound in this wilderness are gross exaggerations, sug gested probably by rocks stained with oxide of iron. " I cannot forbear," says the letter, " to express my surprise that there should be in this part of the State . such an extensive tract entirely uninhabited. The answer to all the inquiries which I have made in regard to it, has uniformly been that the soil is unfit for culti vation, and that it is in all respects so unpromising as to have caused the failure of every attempt which has heretofore been made to reclaim it. Still 1 can hardly think that this representation is entirely correct. From the nature of its rock formations, 1 should guess, at least, that it abounds in iron ore, and that it contains other useful mineral productions. Nothing seems to be more desirable than a thorough exploration of this wilderness." One of the best mineral localities of the State is near the village of Oxboro, in Jefferson county, abounding as it does in large deposites of lead and iron ores. It is a peculiarity of the iron ores of this region that they almost all belong to the kind called specular iron, on account of its lustre. With respect to the lead mines of St. Lawrence county , it is doub tful whether the in crease in the productiveness of the mines will be corn mensurate with the increased expenses of mining. One s melting-house is in operation at which about a ton of lead is daily produced. Another establishment, upon a somewhat different plan, is nearly ready for work, and is intended to do the smelting for another of the mines. Many of the minerals collected in the course of the examination are of an unusual size. Crystals of fluor spar, one foot in diameter, have been picked up on the shores of the Muscolunge lake, transparent crystals of calcareous spar, nine inches in diameter, are found in the Rossio coal mines, and a crystal of phosphate of lime has been obtained in the same vicinity, upwards of a foot in length, five inches in diameter, and weighing 18 pounds. To these may be added the crystallizations of the galena and of the ruder kinds of carbonate of lime, which are sometimes enormous. Thus far during the survey 1:30 suites or specimens of minerals have been procured. Of his future operations the writer remarks : " After spending a few days in arranging the mate rials which 1 have collected during the season, I intend visiting the counties of Sullivan, Ulster, and Duchess. My principal object is to re-examine the mines of lead and iron found in them, and also to ascertain more particularly the mineralogical character of the hoe between the latter county and the State of Connec ticut. It is not improbable that in this case, as in that of the previous examination of the line between New York and New Jersey, the list of New York minerals will be somewhat extended." A PARISH APPRENTICE.—At the last meet ing of the Bench of Magistrates at Croydon, a lad named George Close, who had been apprenticed by the parish of Croydon to a shoemaker named Morgan, carrying on busi ness in that town, summone d his master for neglecting to e c provide him with suffic ient decent apparel. The lad's lip_ p ara nce was most misera ble, the clothes he had on bein g mere rags, and the shirt he wore having been upon hi s appd m that with he th h somead ben a e p n . t, e de back, as it after wards appeared, for a fortnight. From the complainant'' state prentieed by the p arish of Croydon to the defendant, and likewisethe pari s h linen to make him s hi rts, b ut hi s n t he linen for his own purpos es , met't it providedea re hi i a i t ea that :htc ers , used and time and made him two shirts of calico. When his clothes were worn t his mas t e r neglected to provide him with new ones on ly shirts he had were two old ones of his master's, er on , ari7e out the e of which be had worn for a fortnight, and the other he pro duced—it was a mere bundle of raga. He added that his clothes were in such a ragged and disgraceful state that lie was ashamed to go out in the streets with them, and was prevented from going to Church for the same reason. The master admitted that he had not given the boy necessary clothes, but said that he was a very bad boy, ' and had behaved ill on several occasions. He however intended to buv somo clothes for him as soon as he was able. The Bench said that if the boy's conduct had been ever so bad, it was no excuse for allowing him to be in such a destitute state, and with regard to the conduct of the master in applying the linen supplied by the parish for the boy's use, to his own purposes, it amounted almost to a theft. The Bench then directed the clerk to make out a list of articles of clothing, which they ordered the twister to furnish the boy within a fortnight, and at the sate e time directed clean linen to be given him immediately. F RONTIE RS OF SERVIA, SEPTEMBER 7. The Sultan has confirmed the appointment of a. Regency in the absence of the new Sovereign. Prinze Michael, after being summoned on three different occasions to take possession of the throne of Servia, has at last accepted, persons implicated but not yet made known the period of his return. The with the e xce ed generally is quiet, but a few bands of robbers iin have i h t, r e l - e a t p e p c e e a e r s e p d i r h p e e r y e a a r n e d tail,. erei i n p T r h is e on . tion of Joan Ohrenowitsche, brother of Prince Miloseb, who has been restored to his family, and assigned thr• city of Belgrade for his residence. The English Consul, Colonel Hodges, has resumed his functions, but if , badly looked upon by part of the population, because o f his being known to have advised Prince Milosch to sut vert the Constitution.