The Sun. — London, England, 1839-04-29 00:00:00

FVE\ !NG ti:DETION CONSTABULARY FORCE FOR ENGLAND AND WALES. EXTRACTS FROM REPORT. Pr Ictim of Habitual Depredators ; as disclosed in a _ _ London Prison. Communicated by Mr. Chesterton, the Governor of Coldbath-fields Prison, from parti culars collected at his reqacst by a Prisoner from the narr .tives of other Prisoners. Mrst thieves commence their career at seven or eight years of age, and are engaged for some time in petty thefts of loose articles, from street and market-stands, shop-doors, windows, &c. Amongst the earliest " games" of thieves appear to be these : three or four boys go together and take a piece of flesh from a butcher's, or goods from a cheesemonger's or an oilman's, &e. ; having obtained the booty, they all make off toge ther. " Prigged" articles of this description are dis posed of to Irishwomen at street-stands, or in the low neighbourhoods where they reside, the good dames of the sister isle seldom giving a third of the value for them : the proceeds are divided and squandered in sweetmeats and gambling. At this species of plunder the young thief continues for a length of time, sometimes for two or three years, until in due time justice over takes him, and for some petty offence be is sent to gaol. Here a new era opens to his view. We will pass over the prison scenes, only adverting to the anxiety dis played for a release from imprisonment to go to work and make the " nobs" pay for their incarcerating in prison mcs who, in their own opinions, gain an honest livelihood. When a young thief is sent to prison for the first time, he either, by conversation and intercourse with more ex perienced thieves, becomes fixed and determined in that pursuit, or, by the discipline experienced, dread and terror are imprinted upon his youthful mind, and he is reclaimed. If disposed to follow the pursuits of thiev ing, by imprisonment he forms so many acquaintances that he is never afterwards at a loss for a companion ; he becomes acquainted with thieves more versed in the art than himself, who direct his attention to more lucra tive pursuits ; his emulation is spurred, and each time his term of imprisonment expires, he enters society with a fresh stock of knowledge, and conse quently becomes its more dangerous member. Love of fame forms no small proportion of a thief's composition. The estimation in which his character is held by his companions is determined by the number of times he has been in trouble, and the conduct he pursued on these occasions towards his " pals" or confederates : if he has ' once informed against them he is deemed unsafe to trust, and until the stain is removed by his hereafter staunch conduct he does not rise in his profession. The young thief, on his release from prison, is no longer satisfied with the pilfering from shop-doors ; he becomes acquainted with boys older than himself, and commences picking pockets, &c. In these games one or two pals or confederates are necessary, so as to divert attention, and take a stolen article from the party who steals it on the instant, and make off. If the party who steals the article be taken, and his confederate gets away with the property, a oonviction is frequently prevented. Young thieves are well aware that " where the property is found, there lays the felony ;" they therefore make a point of putting away stolen articles from the person as soon as possible, and this leads me to speak of " fences," or receivers of stolen property, who, for the most part, are Jews. Fences for household goods, &c. ostensibly carry on the trade of furniture-brolvrs ; those who take in gold or saver goods are generally jewellers, gold refiners, &c. The latter fencing is not attended with so much risk as the former ; for no sooner is the bargain struck, than the plate, however large the quantity, is thrown into a furnace. P oc k e t-h an dh erc hi e f s , when got singly, are ; pledged : less than six are not generally fenced. The ; lady Jewesses who receive them, in Field-lane and other places, seldom give more than ls., Is. 3d., or, when very good, Is. 6d. for each. The receiver is one of the thief's best friends ; without him but little could be done ; the thief would be unable to dispose of his plun- Ider. " Were there no receivers, there would be no thieves." Oee kind of pocket-picking is done in a crowd, or, when the female is seated in the dickey of a coach, a pair of scissors are used to cut the gown, and the pocket is either drawn of its contents or cut away al together : the scissars are made broad-pointed. By frequenting flesh houses the young thief becomes acquainted with others, who follow the game of " palm ing," and " shop-bouncing ;" his success at "starring" enables him to dress well, an essential in his new pur suits, which will speedily repay the outlay with interest. " Palming," is a species of thieving much prac tised ; it is done most frequently by two, well-dressed and respectable in appearance, who go into a shop for the ostensible purpose of purchasing certain articles, but in reality with the intention of carrying off a consi derable booty free Jf,expense ; one party keeps the shop keeper "in a line," asking prices, &c., whilst the other is - engaged in palming articles under his hand, and so to his pocket ; thus at a cutler's, a tray of knives is exhibited, from which, in the course of a few minutes a dozen will be purloined ; at a ijeweller's, a box of seals, rings, or thimbles, which will be served in a similar manner. At this game it is not ! unusual for two persons to make 13/. and 20/. a day by imoving about from place to place. The more versed s thief engages as his associates boys who are as vet en itirely untutored in the arts of thieving, or perhaps re- I spectable connexions, with whom he no w an d th en , becomes acquainted, and from wham he finds it no difficult matter to obtain a considerable portion of the I' plunder ; fa r instance, wh e n a d oz e n fruit k n i ves h ave been stolen, instead of dividing the spoil equally, the elder thief brings only pin of the property to light : this is a very general p rac ti ce amongst th i eves ; the mere cunning and crafty make it a rule to cheat of their " regulars" the young thief, whose emulation induces him to join boys older than himself. The same cause, by which so many thefts are com mitted with impunity, operates in saving a thief from punishment ; this remark applies more particularly to pickpockets ; gentlemen are sometimes so adroitly drawn of their property as not to perceive their loss, and when informed of it, the very expertness with which the act was committed prevents a man of certain philanthropic and liberal feelings prosecuting the offender ; great pro ficiency is attained by long practice in palming ; inten tionally a shop is not plundered oftener than once in three months, or four, but as accident is no respecter of persons, it now and then happens that palmers go inse a shop which has been recently served, and the shopkeeper therefore on the alert ; his shrewdness not being immediately perceived, the theft is carried no till two or three dozen of letre'seme fruit-knives, or silver thimbles, have been :!stained ; the shopkeeper is seen to give notice to some one in the back shop ; that is sufficient ; the thieves observe the sign, go on conversing, and by their expertness are enabled to palm back every article ht, the time an officer arrives ; on searching nothing is found on the person, a strenuous outcry of irreproachable character being kept up, induces the shopkeeper to suppose rather that his eyes have deceived him than that dishonesty was intended, and in many instances an apo logy is actually male, the thieves leaving the shop ap parently angry, but in fact well pleased at the upshot of the affair ; this game somewhat resembles cadging (begging), inasmuch as they are both travelling manoeu vres, at which both the paltrier and cadger are enabled to visit every town of note in the country. It will be understood that some thieves are more for tunate than others, and that some are earlier transported than others. We have, for the sake of perspicuity, transported the young thief at a particular time ; we must now suppose him returned, increased in years, in creased in power, increased in criminal knowledge, and about to pursue his regular course. The next species of thieving he undertakes is stealing from carts and waggons, Ste. This is a game at which good booties have been made. Two, three, or four together go to work ; sometimes their object is packages from carts in thoroughfares, at others, in the highway, frequently they take a vehicle with them to convey the swag (booty) ; the method of proceeding varies much according to the object in view. Boxes of every description are taken from waggons, trunks from chaises, rolls of broad-cloth and chests of tea from town-carts ; the theft of chests of tea, or rolls of cloth, is an inferior species of this description of thieving, the tip-top kind being the robbery of stage coaches and waggons. For the latter game a one horse chaise is kept in readiness near t he spot where The Hon. Henry Fitzroy, only brother of Lord the booty is intended to be got ; the w aggon is entered Southampton, is about to form a matrimonial alliance w ith from behind by cutting the corering or other ,eans, one of the daughters of the late Mr. Roth sc hild. Th e articles are then selected and dropped into the road ; bride will have 140,0001. the confederates, generally two in number, following Last week Mr.Wakley and the Jury re - assembled with the chaise at a convenient distance to pick them pursuant is adjournment, at the Mitre Tavern , Upper up ; leather portmanteaus are cut open or cut away Lisson-street, Lisson-grove, for the purpose of further altngether from travelling chaises. Stage-coach rob- investigating the circumstances attending the d eath of Thomas Horne, aged thirty-four, of 51, Exeter-street, beries, where the booty is to an amount, are for the Portman-market, wo, it was alleged, died in consequence most put up, i. e. some former guard or driver becomes of the violent treatment he received from some omnibus connected with a party of thieves ; he knows what men, on the night of the 9th, or morning of 10th instant. provincial hank transo.it B 0 ,,j, to t o wn, the The Coroner summed up at great length, in the course in o rime of their remittances, and in what part of which he observed that it was useless to protract j the part of the mail or other coach the money is deposited ; quiry further, but he would suggest that the l . ur s y e he enters into an arrangement with the thieves, gives return a verdict that would not affe b ct any d utttderiTorbe-t injuriest% that them all the particulars, and, according to circumstances, might h i o b h e considered ed w necessary ete to situated in o!) ;hat part of the they go to work, if the cash is in the inside keep, all of hea w d whic t h was most unlikely, and indeed almost irnpossi the inside seats in the stage are take , ' and occupied by ble the could be if he received them from a fall. The men apparently unknown to each other, but in reality Jul:) , returned a verdict—" That the deceased died of in they are associates, with the house-breaking instru juries inflicted on the head, but how received there was no ments ; the property is obtained when the coach is evidence to prove." going along : the work finished, two leave the coach with the booty, the others remaining to prevent suspi- PROVIDENTIALDELIVERANCEFROMDROWN. cion, and give their associates opportunity to get safe away. When this object is considered gained, the ta'.-. 0 leave also. Carmen in the city often defraud met- IN —On Saturday last, at Deeping, in Lincolnshire , a young girl haying ventured in a small boat upon the Y river near that place, was drawn by the current towards a pair of flood-gates, when, believing the water at that spot chants, their employers, to a considerable amount, by to be extremely shallow, she sprang out, under the in being in league with thieves, to whom they allowed op- fuence of her alarm, t o reac h t h e sh o re but was instantly portunities of removing valuable packages from their Plunged into a hole about sixteen feet deep. The stream carts, carried her completely below the flood-gates for upwards Grocers and iinen-drapers are the chief sof ibrers. of a hundred yards, when she rose, floated, and was fortu- When the thief arrives "at the top of the tree," he nately rescued fro m a watery grave b y t h e u lti ma te success frecitents the same houses as the swell mob, and when of medical assistance, after being consigned for more than not otherwise engaged accom three minutes to the fatal element whichhad so upon she panics parties of them in their depredating games- These games we must now 1 heedlessly adventured. THE CHARTISTS. —Almost ever town and b r i e fly deserib , • What thi s class of eople do is upon a y P c7tif vig, Ir tvidenee to 'heir a: tinier. s uperior wale ; their p r i nc i pa l game T 1, picking pockets,Throughout the length and breadth of Gre a t B r it a i n p u bli c slot o f 3 petty description, t h e i r aim being to steal i meetings are almost daily held. * ;.... watches, snuff-boxes, pocket-books, or purses, never in terfering with the minor tricks, for if they should be obliged to take out of the pocket a handkerchief, after a good booty it is replaced. There are different terms made use of expressive of their va rious methods of stealing from this person. In hust ling, the victim of plunder is surrounded in a push, and, as will presently be shown, he is robbed of every valua ble article in his possession. Another mode more par ticularly applies to the quick extraction, as by a snatch of a watch from the fob or waistcoat, pocket ; another is particularized by violence ; the mob meets a man, hustles him ; if he will not quietly drop, but becomes obstreperous, he is knocked down and robbed ; the Spitalfields weavers' bull-baiting on Easter Monday afforded abundant opportunities for such robberies, which at that time could be pursued by all classes of thieves almost with impunity. The method of plunder pursued by the swell mob is as follows :—Six, eight, ten, or twelve persons form a mob, and go out together. They are all respectably attired, and frequent all public assemblages of the people where they may expect numbers thronged together, as races, fairs, prize-fights, processions, ceremonies, &c. These places form a grand centre of attraction for them ; here their bread lays, and here they are ever to be found. They keep together, not appearing to be known to each other. By noticing men, they are enabled, through long practice, pretty correctly to tell whether a person has property about him. Some betray themselves by showing a certain anxiety after their charge by fre quently applying the hand to the pocket ; others by retaining it there, &c. They soon mark a victim— they follow him till a push occurs, either acci dentally by meeting a group of people, or inten tionally made by themselves. Two go before their man, the others close up behind ; their victim is hemmed in, a push takes place, he is jostled and hustled about, the thieves cry out to those behind not to press so, the press is increased ; the victim being surrounded his pockets are presently turned inside out. No time is lost ; if he does not readily raise his hands, but keeps them in his pockets, or at his side, to guard his property, his bat gets a tip behind, perhaps it is knocked over his eyes. To right his hat he raises his arms, nor does he get them dowu again till eased of everything in his possession. His fob and vest pockets are emp tied by the thief standing beside him, and plac ing one arm against the chest of the dupe, by this means keeping his arms and head up whilst with the other he unbuttons the coat and rifles the pockets ; the trousers pockets and coat pockets are emptied by those behind, others behind them immediately take the property. When the gentleman has been robbed, the signal is given to that effect, the push subsides. The person immediately discovers his loss, he looks about him, and is, in the language of thieves, " stunned," but no detection takes place ; the mob move away in different directions, and again assemble and repeat their game. This system of thieving is nearly safe ; it is practised with impunity in a push, and it may be conceived to be a very lucrative profession when it is recollected how readily, under the circumstances of a push, a perion may be stripped of his property. This game is so general, that few men of sporting notoriety pass through life without having their pockets turned inside out more than once. The game of reticule hunting is extensively practised by this class of thieves. At a race, the moment of suspense and anxious expectation created invariably when the horses, having rounded the distance post, are spurred by their riders, straining every nerve to come in, every eye is directed to the course, every attention is occupied by the all-engrossing scene, but amidst all, the thief is to be observed watching his prey ; to him the turf yields no delight, but only as it contributes to aid him in the system of plunder he pursues. A lady is seen to carry a silk bag ; a boy engaged by the swell mob, and smartly dressed, "steals near her, and with his scissors cuts open the bag and extracts the small pocket-book generally carried by females in their silk bag or reticule ; at another part of the course, the coach stands, you will see a thief, under pretence of anxious wish to peep at the horses, raise himself by stepping upon the spoke of a carriage wheel ; a single glance into the inside tells him where the gentleman's watch, spectacles, the lady's reticule and pocket-book lay, deposited as in a place of safety by their side on the cushion ; whilst their attention is wholly taken up in observing the coming in of the horses, the thief stretches forth his arm and takes what he sees. Much valuable property is stolen in this way ; there are many who for years follow this species of thieving alone, making sufficient during the summer months to pass the winter comfortably. Although, for the most part, a thief confines himself to the practice of one kind if thieving at any particular time, yet, as will be perceived, he can practise, as occasion may require many different branches of the profession. Although the modes already described are the principal descriptions of thieving, they aro by no means all, the varieties are innumerable, many equally deserving of notice ; stealing wet linen is a distinct game, dog-stealing is another, but of all the minor depredating crimes undescribed, there is none so ex extensively carried on, and more manifestly injurious, than uttering bad money ; this is a trade for the indo lent, in which hundreds are constantly employed. The money passes through several hands : first there are the makers, silver is chiefly made in London, but gold at Birmingham ; then we have the whole sale dealer, next the retail dealer, and last, the smasher or utterer, who, as usual, receives least of the " sweets" and most of the gall attending the prosecution of this game ; most of the dealers are Jews, and from the maker to the utterer each has his profit, but as a general rule the retail dealer buys 6/. of base coin for I/. sterling. One individual has for some time supplied most of the town smashers ; he meets them regularly every morning at an appointed house, and supplies each according to ' their means of purchase for that day's issue, the sovereigns at 45., the crown at 10d., half-crowns at 3d., shillings at 2id., &c. To guard successfully against the above plunderers of society is a task of no little difficulty ; we must allow experience to be a good guide. Pickpockets say, that if a handkerchief be carried in the inside coat-pocket, hat, or even pinned in the outer pocket, they are foiled. Shop thieves say, if a till be locked or a nail at the back part to prevent it drawing entirely ouf they are balked. Pickpockets say, if they get a mao into a push he must be robbed, unless he be aware of them, if so their cant words will save him ; if he keeps out of a push, his cash in an inside pocket, his watch well guarded by a chain, or wears a cloak in the season, they are foiled. The house-breaker says, a plate of sheet-iron on the inside of the door foils him in his at tempt at panelling, and that Chubb's lock gives a great deal of trouble in opening, but Bramah's has as as yet defeated all their attempts. The thief who robs shop windows says, wire gauze curtain inside the glass foils him. The thief who robs shops by " palming," that the shopkeeper must be aware of the game of palming to gu,ird against his attacks. And the most notorious smashers say, that bad gold is known by its deficient. standa-d weight, bad silver by its malleability and reasy feel. WIGAN ELECTION COMMITTEE RESIGNATION OF MR. KEARSLEY. Mr. KEARSLET resigned the contest on Saturday, and Mr. EWART is declared the sitting Member. LAW INTELLIGENCE. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, APRIL 27. THE QUEEN V. LUMSDATNE. This was a case sent from the Dorsetshire Sessions for the opinion of the Court as to the validity of a poor-rate in the town of Wimborne Minster, and the question intended to be raised was, as to whether stock in trade was liable to be rated. In 1833, stock in trade not baying been included in a poor-rate, an appeal was entered, on the ground that stock in trade yielding a profit was not included, and the rate was quashed, and in 1834 a new rate was made, which included the stock in trade. Another rate was afterwards made, in which personal property was not included. The Sessions wished to have the opinion of the Court whether stock in trade yielding profit ' , vas liable. The ATTORNIY-GILNEILL appeared to contend, that this rate, which included stock in trade, was a good rate. He urged, that although the Courts bad always shown a dis position to avoid deciding in favour of this rateability, yet it was clearly the old law that stock in trade was liable. Rule absolute for quashing the rate. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY, APRIL 29, 1339, The number and magnitude of the rivers in Assam, probably surpass those of any other country in the world of equal extent. They are, in general, of sufficient depth at all seasons, to admit of commercial intercourse in shallow boats, and during the rainy season, boats of the largest size find depth . of water. Looking at the general soil of Assam, which is said to be extremely fertile—to the noble river which runs through the valley—the innumerable streams falling into, or branch ing off from it, and the proofs derived from history of its former affluence, there is no doubt that in the course of a vary few years, under a more settled Government than it has possessed for the last century, this province will prove a valuable acquisition to the British Crown. The existing state of agriculture is not very ad vanced, but there is no scarcity of provisions, while numerous tracts of county are lying waste, that might be brought into advantageous cultivation. The follow ing are the chief productions. Rice forms one of the principal crops, but is is of an inferior quality. The Sugar-cane grows well. Cotton Wool is cultivated by the hill-tribes. Opium a ppears to be grown to a considerable extent ; the seed is sown in November. In March, when the flowers fall, the juice is collected from the poppy-heads, which are searificed diagonally on strips of cloth about three inches broad ; and when fully saturated and dried, they are tied up into small bundles. In using it, about two inches of the cloth are infused in war, and drunk as a draught : the cloth is afterward te s chewed like tobacco, till its virtues are extracted. The infusion of the poppy-head, on the powered capsule, mixed with water, is also drank. Lack is prepared in large quantities. Silk is grown of an inferior quality. Coffee, it is stated, might be cultivated in abundance, and with care, of good quality, and made most productive. India Rubber is indigenous to the country. Gums, many valuable, are found in the forest, but the most important is Gum Copal. Timber of a valuable character abounds in Assam, cal culated for a variety of purposes ; ninety distinct species are given, some of which may be fitted to make tea-chests. Iron is abundant in almost all the hill countries, and coal and lime-stone have been discovered in several places. The tea-tree, according to Mr. M'Cosh, grows wild upon the mountains, and is the identical tea-tree of China. It grows as favourably upon the mountains possessed by the dependent hill-tribes, the Kangtis, Singphos, and Maattucks, as in the adjoining province of China itself, and it only requires the same attention to be bestowed upon its culture and manufacture, to secure the same blessing to this country, which has for such a series of years so materially added to the reve nues of the Celestial Empire. It is a singular coincidence that the tea soils of Assam and China are exactly alike. Mr. M'Clelland, who formed one of the deputation to Assam in 1835 sent to report on the soil and growth of the tea plant, says it is an indigenous plant, ne glected by man, but in the full enjoyment from nature of all those peculiar conditions on which its properties will be found, under proper management, to depend. The plant in China (according to a Parliamentary paper) generally attains the age of fifty )ears, but some live only ten. It is sown in November, December, and January ; when the rains set in they conic up, and the plants are fit for plucking in the third, and sometimes in the fourth year. The quantity produced by each plant in the season varies very much, some plants pro ducing only two rupees' weight, while others produce a pound and a half ; but about a q uarter of a pound, a ll round the first crop, the second a little less ; and some people never take a third, for fear of killing the trees. It is the constant plucking of the leaves that keeps the plants low. Lord William Bentiack, with the concurrence of the Government, promoted the inquiry for ascertaining the quality of the plant, and the extent of country where it could be raised, but latterly there has been an indisposition manifested by the Supreme Govern ment to incur even the moderate expense proposed for the maintenance of additional Chinamen. This, how ever is attributed to the circumstance that the Govern ment viewed the matter as one simply of experiment, and left the prosecution of it to private enterprise. Captaia Jenkins, in a letter to Lord William Bentinck, from Gohati, May 6, 1838, thus describes the Assam Tea-plant :—I have been long of opinion that the Tea plant " we possess was of the green variety, from the great fragrance of the smell of the leaves. I have now the great pleasure of informing your Lordship that consider the question put beyond all doubt, for within the last week I have had a specimen of Tea manufactured as green Tea, from Mr. Bruce, according to some information which he has lately fallen upon. The Tea has been fully ac knowledged to be good green Tea, by every gentleman who has drank it, and it has been drank as excellent fresh green Tea by those who were led to suppose it came from Calcutta. I have therefore entire confidence now, that when the green Tea China manufacturers, who are on the way up from Calcutta, commence operations, we shall be able to send home green of as good a qua lity as that under dispatch." Flaying given these fa vourable views of the productions of the country, it is proper to add, and it is admitted in the pamphlet, that one district adjoining the British portion of Assam is extremely unhealthy, so much so, that in a few years this climate is fatal to Europeans. We have also heard that the whole of the valley through which the river flows, is generally unhealthy. EDUCATION. 2,5001. shall be made to the National Society, and the British and Foreign School Society, for the establish ment of their Normal Schools, but no further grant to be made. That the Committee will not adhere invariably to the rule which confines grants to the National Society, and the British and Foreign School Society, and will not give the preference in all case whatever to the school to which the largest proportion is subscribed. That in no case shall more than one-half of the expense of building a school be advanced, nor wilt the Committee expend in grants for the building of schools more in any one year that, 10,0001. That Inspectors be appointed, not exceeding at first two in number, to carry on an inspection of schools which have been or may be hereafter aided by grants of public money, and to convey to conduc tors and teachers of private schools in different part , of the country a knowledge of all improvements in the art of teaching, and likewise to report to this Commit tee the progress made in education from year to year ; and that gratuities be granted to such teachers as may appear to deserve encouragement. MEDICAL REFORM ON ITS PROPER FOOTING. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR—The paramount principle that " the public safety should be the supreme law," decides at once the duty of all government in reference to the medical pro fession. The moment a medical man is consulted life wad limb are at his disposal—his practice is not exposed to the knowledge, controul, or detection of public opi nion, or often of a third person. The invalid is igno rant of his state. Few drops or grains (too many) of a medicine may be fatal. Insufficient skill or fraudu lent design are concealed from all checks. It is also manifest that most invalids are weakened in mind, and unfit to select proper aid. Indeed old women in many cases recommend the Doctor. We know that the public safety is provided for by laws which regulate ships that carry passengers, carriages, preachers in the street, &c. &c., yet the medical profession, abound ing with daggers is allowed to spread havoc and extor tion, and is sanctioned in so doing by late laws. Much has been said as to grades of medical qualifications. Bat there is no difficulty in settling this point. Were a law proceeding necessary in a serious case of property surely a barrister of full competency would be employed to lay the ground work at first, and to conduct it. To ensure the safety of passengers or goods at sea, surely a a seaman of full competency is always employed, and his attention henna to be constant, because the present calm may suddenly alter, and a mariner of inferior grade be unfit to contend with the storm, and a wrong coarse may prove fatal. Serious disease commences often with slight symptoms, occasioned by a blast of cold wind, puncture by a thorn, or bad food ; therefore full competency in the practitioner is neces sery at the onset, and all through the treatment. The health and lives of children, females, and weak-minded persons, ought not to be committed to the care of practitioners of doubtful competency. The testimony of a medical man in Courts of Justice is powerfully in fluential. Surely the person whose duties are of such importance ought not to be of a low grade as to ability or probity, yet in England the lowest qualification is intrusted with the same power as the highest. A few men of eminence profit by being at the head, therefore sanction the abuse. But the cause of hu manity, of justice, and of science are outraged by such incongruity. It is clear that one grade only, and that of the highest, ought to be sanctioned by law; and as the surgeon's practice is almost entirely medical, and the patient perhaps suddenly attacked knows not the real nature of his disease, and human existence is concerned, the law ought to insist that the practitioners be skilled in the whole art of healing. Were a board of exami ners, not teachers, or a few of them, to witness a can didate examining a few cases, and on the spot writing down his view of them, and his remedies, &c., afterwards to examine him in all the minutiae, bona fide qualifica tion could be readily ascertained, and all imposition defeated. It is credited very generally that knowledge of anatomy ensures competency, but this is a mistake. A barren head may become acquainted with parts, &c. by labour alone; like a ship-builder, whose minute know ledge of every part of a ship does not fit him to navigate her. Menials in dissecting rooms have become perfect anatomists. This attainment is valu able to a painter or sculptor, but does not, per se, qualify the artist—it is only a portion of acquirement. Medical practice requires a store of knowledge as to internal and external influential workings of countless extent, and often involved in mystery. This view shows that sur geons, qualified merely as anatomists and good opera tors, are very imperfect. Lithotomy:was performed for merly (by itinerant friars and others) dextrously, but fatality oten attended, through want of the skill I have just adverted tu. Distinction as an operator leads to fame and fortune ; hence the demand for dead bodies, upon which surgeons operate to become adroit. Such i s the rage in this way, that students will accompany the vilest monsters at night to steal subjects. What a preparation for their future duties, which require the tenderest feelings and most conscientious services. These evils are remediable only by recognising one class as to acquirement ; respectability also should be kept in view for obvious reasons ; none but of this class to be eligible to public institutions, or to give evidence or other services in legal matters relative to disease, or be entitled to fees. Thus the lives of the public would have as a fair chance of safety as their properly. Prac titioners duly entitled would get experience early, to the advantage of the public and of science, whereas at pre sent those individuals are superseded by jacks of all trades and masters of none. In a subsequent letter the compounding and dispensing of medicines shall be no ticed. The system in this respect pursued in Germany well deserves to be adopted, being most advantageous to society, to science, and to those engaged in it. Were dissections prohibited everywhere except at Colleges, these being responsible bodies, and also to be prohibited at hospitals, the most revolting barbarities would be obviated ; this restriction not to extend to examinations to ascertain the cause of death. It ought to be obliga tory on every student to spend their two first years dis secting under the College regulationa,which would afford, sufficient opportunity for the legitimate number of prac titioners. The horrors which have attended, and many of which still attend medical studies and practice—the very serious nature of the duties—and the pecuniary frauds on the industrious classes, call aloud for reform. The barriers against ignorance and fraud, ought to be as strong as the law would admit. AN EXPERIENCED PRACTITIONER, P.S. Were it insisted on in future that every one in tended for the profession should be recommended by the University authorities, important benefits to society would. result. # 4* * Before the present Colleges were established private teachers did much, and this regulation would have been objectionable. The latter are now unne cessary and dangerously superfluous. THE PRESS AT MALTA. THE QUEEN AGAINST RICHARDSON. - - Mr. Richardson has been cited before the Royal Court at Malta, upon a charge of having published in his journal, The Harlequin, an article in contravention of the liberty of the press. Mr. BRUNO, the Counsel for the Crown, in his state ment in support cf the indictment, said that the liberty of the press was allowed at Malta, but its abuse could not be permitted. He then read the article which was the cause of air. Richardson's being now at the bar, and contended that the arguments in the article were directed against religion, and that, therefore, the editor of The Harlequin had rendered himself liable to the penalties named in the above-mentioned ordinance. Mr. GRIFFITHS, who appeared for the defendant, re marked upon the important consequences involved in the decision of the Court, not only for the accused, but tor public opinion in general. The proceeding against Mr. Richardson evinced an anxiety to stifle in the bud the concession made by the British Government. He did not, he said, attribute the prosecution either to the Counsel for the Crown or the Government, which had shown itself liberal and generous ; but to the law which ought to be made more clear and intelligible, instead of being formed of forty pages of notes. Mr. Griffiths then endeavoured to justify the article complained of, which had arisen out of the ceremony which took place on lay ing the foundation of a Protestant Church, under the patronage of the Queen Dowager. The COURT, after some deliberation, declared Mr. Richardson guilty of having contravened paragraph 6 of thes 3d section of the ordinance of the 14th of March, 1839. Mr. BRUNo said he should only call upon the Court to apply the most lenient punishment, as this was the first time that the new law was brought into operation. The COURT condemned Mr. Richardson to six months' imprisonment, but intimated that he might pay a fine of 250 dollars instead. The printer and pub lisher were released. THE TEA•PLANT, &c. OF ASSAM The large quantities of Indian Rubber now imported from Assam, and the experiments in iprogress to raise tea in certain districts of that country, have given an importance to it which will render the following de tails interesting. They are extracted from a pamphlet with the prefixed title, which is composed chiefly from the works of Capt. B. Pemberton. Mr. J. M'Cosh, Mr. J. M'Clelland, and Parliamentary Papers : Assam came under the British rule in the year 1823. It was previously under the Burmese. It forms the most eastern limits of her Majesty's dominions in India, and is situated in the valley of the Brahmaputra River, between the 91. and 96. of E. longitude, and the 26. and 29. of N. latitude. Its extreme length is estimated at 360 miles, and its breadth varies from 20 to 70 degrees. The early inhabitants are said to have emigrated from some mountainous countries on the borders of China, in the 13th century. In 1665 the reigning Rajah of Assam became a convert to Hin dooisin, and in process of time the Assamese adopted the language of Bengal. This proved fatal to the whole race. Conspiracies and assassinations were crimes of frequent occurrence ; the people became pusillanimous, and greatly degenerated. Intestine feuds laid them open to attacks from all quarters, till at length their ruin was completed by the treachery of their avaricious neighbours the Burmese, who, under pretence of re storing the country to order and prosperity, established their own power, and reduced the natives to a condition of abject slavery, subjecting them to the most barbarous cruelties. _ We copy from the Atkencrum the general scheme of the Committee of the Privy Council relative to the ap plication of the money voted by Parliament for the pur pose of promoting Education : First, it is resolved to found a School, in which canditates for the office of Teacher in Schools for the poorer classes may , acquire the knowledge necessary to the exercise of their future profession, and mad be practised in the most approved methods of religious and moral training and instruction. This school is to include a Model School, in which children of all ages from three to fourteen, may be taught and trained, in sufficient numbers to form an Infant School, as well as schools for children above seven. Religious instruc tion is to be considered as general and special. It is to he combined with the whole matter of instruction, and to regulate the entire system of discipline ; but periods are to be set apart for such peculiar doctrinal instruction as may be required for the religious train ing of the children. A Chaplai n i s t o b e a pp o i n t e d to conduct the religious instruction of children whose parents or guardians belong to the Esiablished Church, but the parent or natural guardian of any other child is to be permitted t o secure t h e atten dancep of the licensed Minister o f hi s own persuasion, at the period appointed for special religious instruc tion, in order to give such instruction give ap such ; h spe cial artand a. licensed minister is to be a pp o i nte d to religious instruction, wh enever t h e number of children in attendance on the Model School belong ing to any religious body dissenting from the Estab lished Church, is such as to a pp ear to t h e C omm i ttee to require such special provision. A portion of every day is to be devoted to the reading of th e Scriptures in the school, under the general direction of the Committee, and superintendenc e of the Rector. Ro man Catholics, if their parents or guardians require it, to read their own version of the S cr i ptures , e i t h er at the time fixed for reading the Scriptures, or at the hour of special instruction. Instruction in industry is to be included as a special department of the moral training of the children, and such a character given to the matter of instruction in the school as to keep it in close relation with the condition of workmen and ser vants. Besides the physical training of the children in various employments, such exercises are to be introduced during the hours of recreation as will develope their strength and activity', and the moral training of the chil dren is at all times to be attended to as an object of spe cial solicitude. In the Normal School apartments are to be provided for the residence of the candidate teachers, and th e cl a ss-rooms so constructed as to aff o rd the can didate teachers an opportunity of attending each class in the Model School without distracting the attention of the children or of the teacher. It is also resolved to provide means for the instruction of the can didate teachers in the theory of their art, and for furnishing them with whatever knowledge is necessary for success i n it. To appoint a Rector to give lec tures on the teethed and matter of instruction, and on the whole art of training children of the poor ; to examine the candidate teachers, &c., subject to the rules of t h e C omm itt ee . The religious instruction of the candidate teachers is to form an essential and prominent elem en t o f their studies, and Co certificate to be gra n t e d un l ess th e authorized religious teacher have previously attested his confidence in the character, religious k now l e d ge , an d zeal of the cand i date whose re ligious instruction he has superintende d. The religious instruction of all candidate teachers connected with the Established Church to be committed to the Chaplain, and th e s p ec i a l re li g i o us instruction to be committed (in any case in which a wish to that effect is expressed), to the licensed Minister of the religious persuasion of the candidate teacher, who is to attend the school at stated periods, to assist and examine the candidate teachers in their reading on religious subjects, and to . afford the m spiritual a d v i ce . Th e candidate teachers in all other respects to conform to such regulations of the entire internal economy of the household as may be issued by the Rector, with the approval of this Committee. —lt is further resolved, that accommodation shall be provided in the Model School for at least 450 children, who are to be lodged in the house, viz. 120 infants, 200 boys and girls receiving ordinary instruc tion, and 50 b o ys and 50 girls receiving superi or instructio n , and 30 children probably absent from sickness or other causes ; and to establish a day school of 160 or 200 children, of all ages and both sexes, in which the candidate teachers may realize the application of the best methods of instruction, under th e li m i tat i ons and obstructions which must arise in a smelt village or toa n ay sa i loo l.._ Respecting the gra.:ts herewfura made ,o societies, it is decided, that a grant not exceeding bury. The whole of the ♦alley, including Upper, Central, and Lower Assam, gives an area of 19,000 square miles, and a population of 602,.500, with a revenue of 4,40,000 rupees. Slavery still exists in Assam. Do mestic labour, as well as that of the field, is performed by these poor creatures, who are bought and sold t • ry day for a mere trifle, many having mortgaged ti ! o!r bodies, and for want of means to accumulate the origi nal sum, increased as it has been by exorbitant usury, they continue in bondage for life, and from generation to generation. Their value depends upon caste. High caste adults sell for twenty rupees (2/. 10s.), boys fif. teen, girls eigllt to twelve (11. to 1/. 10s.). They are said to be kindly treated by their masters, and nono are allowed to be exported from Assam. 11ER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. Mademoiselle Ernesta Grisi (the cousin of the Grisi) made her first appearance before an English au ditnce on Saturday evening in the character of Smea. ton, the page, in Doozetti's Opera of Anna Bolena. Through some mistake in the Bills she was announced for the character of Jane Seymour, which was repre sented by Mademoiselle Monani, who had been adver tised for the part of the Page. Mademoiselle Ernesta Grisi's voice is a contralto of great power and rich ness ; it is as yet scarcely arrived at maturity, and if she does not attempt to force it too much, she will oc cupy a place in the first rank of contralto singers. Her figure is good ; her complexion a clear bru nette ; her eyes are dark, large, lustrous, and expressive ; her face is rather full, but this expression was consider ably lessened by her graceful manner in arranging her hair, which is of a raven black, dooped in luxuriant ring lets so as to shade the outline of her countenance; in stature she resembles her cousin. There was no applause on her appearance, but she had scarcely commenced her first song before all apprehensions as to her success vanished, and she was encored, and went through the remainder of her part triumphantly. She was called for at the conclusion of the opera, and with her cousin was led on by Rubini. We congratulate M. Laporte on his having secured the services of this young lady. Made moiselle Monani went through the character of Jane Seymour, in a manner which merited the applause with which she was rewarded ; but she laboured under the disadvantage of appearing in a part in which a powerful effect had been last season produced by Albertazzi, whose absence, this season, every lover of music must regret. Madame G. Grisi, as Anna, was in excellent voice, and as admirable as ever. Rubini was, as usual, encored in Vice tu, in the second act. The more fre quently we hear Rubini the more we are astonished at the wonders he is able to accomplish with such a voice. Labiache looked and acted the bluff and heartless Henry VIII. to the life. His costume was minutely correct, and it required no great stretch of imagi nation to fancy that Holbein's portrait of this bloated specimen of Royalty had walked out of its frame "to strut and fret its hour upon the stage." The ballet of Une Null de Bal followed, and in noticing this ballet we must not omit awarding praises due to the scene painter ; the perspective of the ball room scene is perfect, and the illusion consequently complete. The effect is quite diuramic. Her Miijesty and her illustrious Mother honoured the theatre with their presence, and seemed highly gratified with the performances. The Duchess of Cambridge and the Princess Augusta occupied a box at a short distance from her Majesty. Lord Brougham was in one of the boxes of the principal tier, alone, during the early part of the evening, and attracted general attention. His Lordship did not, however, remain long in the theatre. The house was crowded to overflowing in every part. LYCEUM FOR BERMONDSEY AND ROTHEREII This institution is intended chiefly for the moral and educational improvement of the lower classes. It is funned with a view to furnish them with some of the advantages, in these respects, enjoyed by the rich and middle classes. From the Royal Institution, and many other institutions, both literary and philosophical, in the metropolis, artisans, and members of the working class of mechanics, are to a great extent excluded, on account of the high admission fees. The Lyceum is, therefore, intended to supply this want, and to afford to the working classes the educational advantages of a Mechanics' Institution, together with a library and reading-room, a coffee-room, and also at stated periods musical entertainments. The subscriptions are ex tremely moderate. Lord Brougham is President, and Dr. Epps, Dr. Murdock, Mr. Chalmers, Mr. Landman, and Mr. Stephens, are to give a lecture a week till the end of June, on chemistry, comparative anatomy, the steam engine, and other subjects, interesting to the classes for which this institution is esta blished. Every friend of the lower classes must be gratified in seeing the daily increase of institutions like this for improving their character, augmenting their rational enjoyments, and discouraging the intemperate habits to which some of them are addicted, not so much from choice as from necessity. INFAMOUS CASE OF ABDUCTION On Thursday evening last a policeman of the L division, while on duty in St. George's•road, observed a young female sitting on the steps of a doorway crying most piteously, and evidently in a very exhausted state, apparently as if she had just come off a long journey. Ile spoke to her, and finding from her answers that she was a stranger in London, and that she bad been in veigled from the country by a strange woman, he took the unfortunate girl to the station-house in Tower steeet, Lambeth. Inspector Field, who was on duty at the time, proceeded to question her, and her statement was to the following effect : She said her name was Baker, that she was the daughter of a wheelwright living at Springfield, near Chelmsford, and that she was between fifteen and sixteen years of age. Her father had lately procured her a situation at service in Chelmsford, and on Wednesday last, about three o'clock in the af ternoon, she was sent on an errand by her mistress. As she was walking along an elderly woman accosted her, and having asked her some trivial questions, then pro ceeded to tell her that a young gentleman of fortunef who had been down on a visit in the neighbourhood of Chelmsford, had accidentally seen her (Baker), and liked her appearance so much that he wits most anxious to be come acquainted with her ; but that, being oblig•?d to leave the country in haste to come to town on urgent business, he had deputed her (the woman) to acquaint her of the circumstance, as well as to intimate to her that his intentions were perfectly honourable towards her. The poor girl at first said that she could not think of leaving her home and her friends, but upon being informed that it would be the " making of her" if she came to town, and that instead of toiling for her bread she would have servants to wait upon her, she at length consented to accompany the woman. The girl expressed a wish to return to her place of servic to put on her Sunday garments, but to this the wouLin ob jected, saying that the young gentleman of fortune wished to see heri n all her native simplicity, and that npon he.l arrival she would be furnished with everything that would make her heart glad. Upon the strength of these representations the girl Baker and her informant proceeded on foot towards London, which they did not reach until the next day, having travelled all night without rest or refreshment. When they got into town the woman took her to the Saracen's Head, Aldgate, and left her at the entrance of the yard, desiring her to remain there until she returned, adding that she should fetch an old gentleman, the father of the young man who had fallen in love with her, and that they would all proceed together to the residence of the lat ter, somewhere in the neighbourhood of Long-acre. The girl waited about a quarter of an hour, and begin ning for the first time to reflect upon what she had done, she hastily left the spot, before the arrival of the woman and the old gentleman, and bent her steps towards London Bridge, which she crossed, and wandered, she knew not whither, as far as St. George's-road, where, completely overcome from excessive exhaustion, she sat on the step of a door, where she was discovered, as already described. Inspector Field, having ascertained the address of a family at Chelmsford to whom she was known, immediately wrote a letter communicating the above facts, and in the interval procured her admission into Lambeth workhouse. On Saturday last the In spector received the following answer from the party to whom he had written on the subject : " Chelmsford, April W, 1839. " Sir,—l have just received your letter, informing me of the recovery of Keziah Baker, for which, and the trouble you have taken and kindness you have shown, I sincerely thank you, both on my own part and that of her afflicted family. Her father has lately had a very serious illness, which deprives him at present of remunerating those who have been instrumental in saving his (laughter from ruin, but I am sure if he ever has the power he will do so." The writer then proceeds to describe the afflic tion into which the poor girl's family were thrown when it was found she was missing ; and it being suspected that she had committed suicide, the unhappy father had men employed in dragging the river under that suppo sition. When the father was made acquainted with the whole of the circumstances. although he was labouring under serious indisposition, he hastened up to town. The poor man expressed his gratitude with tears in his eyes, and departed soon afterwards to the country, re joicing in having recovered his lost child. EASTERN COUNTIES RAILWAY.—We un derstand that it is now fixed to open the line from London to Romford, the first week in June, and shortly after from Romford to Brentwood, a distance of 19 miles; there are about 7,000 persons employed by this great undertaking, besides several locomotive engines sud horses. THE BALLOT.--A petition to Milli:Anent in „ of the Ballot is bow in course of sign-.sari 4t Shrews- METROPOLITAN POLITICAL SUMMARY. The Times of this morning, in the course of a. leading article, in which our Contemporary denies that he ever, " speaking for the Conservatives, held out the olive branch to the Whig Cabinet, or to any portion of it," makes the following remarks on Ministers:—" We have pointed out to the public. rather than to the Whig Mulls ters, the insidious selfishiies,i of that portion of that mcinber of the Daily Press, which, tinier the Dictatorship, acid obviously in the interest of Lord Durb,,m, has for weeks past been labouring to per-uade the Aleial Whigs that their stabiiity as a Government depended on their deser tion of all their old Whig - princiFles and remembrances; and on their iinmediate accession to that party of agitators in the course of pr,)gre,,sive democracy of which the Noble Lord has recently become the CAryphaetts. The motive fir this attempt by the Radicals on the credulity of the Whig Ministers, as we have alreddy stated, is to assure themselves of partners in the approaching tiowaall, of con , ederates, more or less active, in their future eff .t ts as an Opposnion, to overturn the Conservative Guvvrit meta, and re-ascend to effico. It, trnce more, toe Whig Ministers mak , love to thi, d , ception, it is their own look out. Circunistai.ces have ecuirred, not necessary to dwell upon, which would rather incline us to susle , ct that the Whizs will ally play the gudoomi on this occasion, and gulf down the semblance of Nlmisterl4l Atatoilts, before them by the Recite:4 artist in ti c Durham Chronicle. Our present hr lief is, that they Ain fist nibble, then bite, and finish by being fairly hauled ashon., and feasted on by their cannibal seducers. They say Lord John Russell falters in his finality. They say, but we can hardly ims gine, that the publication of the farewell address to Stroud, which was advertised a fortnight ago, has been much affected and retarded by the result, surely not unexpected, of his Lordship's recent motion 1" The Morning Post comments as follows on the diffe rences between Ministers and the Opposition, on the sub ject of the Jamaica measure What is, in effect, the difference between Sir R. Peel and Lord John Russell upon this question of the Jamaica Bill ? It is this—Sir R. Peel desires to vindicate the authority of the Imperial Parliament, but not, in the present state of circumstances, to go beyond this. He wishes that a locus penitentia should be left to the Colonial Legislature—that an oppor tunity should be afforded for making up the quarrel which has taken place, without resorting to extremities. Those remarkably ingenious and highly indignant personages, the Whig Ministers of the Crown, wish to go further. They desire to make the new measure not only vindicatory but vindictive. They are resolved not only to maintain the supreme authority of the Imperial Parliament, but to punish the Colo nial Legislature for its assumed misconduct, for annihilating its existence for a considerable period. This is the difference between Ministers and the Opposition. Weak people are generally apt either to do nothing, or to attempt to do too much. This is, we think, the condition of our Ministers. In the Jamaica affair they attempt too much." Every one can see with half an eye the motive of Sir R. Peel's op position to Lord John Russell on the Jamaica question. It is a specious clap-trap—an attempt to gull the people into a belief of Tory liberality. But it will not succeed. The public mind is fully made up respecting the inherent nature of Toryism, and knows right well that it is just as easy to wash a Blackamoor white as to convert a genuine Tory into a Liberal. The Morning Chronicle, after exposing the inconsis tency of a series of leading articles that have appeared in the Times, goes on to discuss the prospects of Toryism. " The Tories," says our Contemporary, " know their own weakness against the nation. Their consciousness of it peeps out of every corner of their crooked course of argu ment. They' fly to the most opposite extremes of state ment and assertion, and still it is visible there. In vain they attempt to hide it under the blustering of braggart falsehood—the very extravagance indicates its presence. They have but one chance, and they knew it. Their venture is embodied in the bottom of Whig finality. They watch it, and support it, and bepraise it, and cocker it up, and adopt it, and in its pettish obstinacy they rejoice with trembling. Finality is the only peg on which a Tory hope can hang. Mans it will hold fast they must let go, though the bottomless pit were below. Fur their utter despondency of office it is only requisite that a Reform Minister should rise in the House of Com eions, and give the nation distinct and trustworthy pledge that Reform shall reassume its onward course, until all political grievances are redressed. Such pledge is no more than every patriot has sworn to his country in his heart ; it is the baptismal vow of political integrity. The monstrous evil of the finality doctrine is, that it not only destroys the present Ministry, but cripples the future opposition. The shifting of places will not cure the plague of disunion. Various circumstances mark out the Ballot for the first movement towards a better representation ; but as to re placing one finality by anoth•!r. the notion is preposterous. The only proper finality for Reform is the redress of the final grievance." The Morning Herald, alluding to the Jamaica Bi' says :—" Perhaps Lord Durham, whose government of Canada was so efficient as to result in a second rebellion, will accept of the Governorship of Jamaica, where, under the Act suspendinc , the Constitution, he may really revel in the delights of despotic sway, and make a rebellion, if he does not find one. What might not be expected in the way of picturesque confusion from Durham frippery vanity, broiling in a West Indian climate, and inflated with Sultanic power ! The heated imagination which the snows of Canada could neither quench nor cool, would surely set the cane plantations on fire in a country scorching under Durham's temper, and a tropical sun. Our abhor rence of slavery, black or white—of slavery with its African bondsmen, or its British captives, of the Whig Bastiles— is, or ought to be, well-known to the people of Englaad. But the land-owners of Jamaica have rights as well as their labourers : and while W 0 rejoice at the emancipation of the latter, we cannot, at least without a stronger case than Government has yet attempted to establish, consent that the former should be reduced to the condition of po litical outcasts." FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAIL BRUSSELS, APRIL 24.—M.Nothomb arrived at Brussels yesterday evening. Baron Bulow arrived at Rotterdam on Monday on board the Batavier Steam-boat from London. The tribunal has passed sentence on Messrs. Ries, De fosse, and Woeste, who were accused of having acted as agents for the lottery of the estate of Neudegg. M. Ries was sentenced to two months imprisonment and a fine of 500 francs. The others were acquitted. BRUSSELS, APRIL 6.—We are assured that his Royal Highness the Duke of Orleans, who arrived at Valen ciennes yesterday, where there is to be a grand review, will immediately afterwards set out for Brussels, where he is expected to-morrow. The iW o niteur has not yet published the law which autho rizes the King to sign the Act of 23d January. The reason is that that the moment to make use of the powers confer red on the King by this law is not yet come ; in fact, the treaty of the 23d Jan. has not yet been signed on the part of Belgium, except by M. Van de Weyer ; it will not be signed by the King till the exchange of the ratifications. It is probable that the law will be promulgated some time before the exchange, which is to take place in six weeks or sooner if possible. The Archbishop of Cologne has certainly left Minden and gone to Darfeld, a seat belonging to Count de Droste. Tire Archbishop passed through Munster on his way to Darfeld, on the 221 of April ROME, APRIL 13 —To-day, just before the post set out, 6, Foreign Ambaesetiors received front the office of the Secretary of State, to be transmitted to their respective Courts, the long-expected declaration of the Papal Go vernroent against Pru,sie, it, respect to the proceedings against the Archbishop of Cologne. Confidently expect ing to send you by the next post an original copy of this rather voluminaus work, I now merely give you the title— •` Espos.zione di diritto e di law, con aut, lam decurneliti, in risport, ally dichiareiziene c memoria del G,reernu Pr ua . siano, pubblicato dole Gazette di Stew di 13,teine, n 31 Decembre 1838 " It is dated ; Segretaria di Stet°, it 11 Aprile, 1839 ; and contains an Appendix of 62 documents, all relative to this affair. The general subject of conversation for these two days hes been an accident that has befallen Don Mieuel, who, being out enjoying the pleasures of the chase in the vicinity of Nt ttuno was attacked and robbed by six men. The attendants, his coachman and a servant, were paralysed by fear on their first attack, while he himself made a brave defence, till, being overpowered by numbers, lie was thrown down, and, it is said, wounded in the neck. The robbers must not have been a little surprised to find in the pockets of a King, only a few scudi and a plain silver watch, whereas his servants had gold, and gold watches. The robbers like wise cat ried off Don Miguel's valuable fowling-piece, which had been discharged. The police is endeavouring to dis cover the perpetrators of t¢is act. VIENNA, APRIL 17.—M. Von Grafen, hitherto Charge d'Affaires of Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck at this Court, had the honour to present to his Majesty the Emperor his new credentials as Minister of the city of Hamburgh. The new Servian Minister of Finance, Von Simitsch, who lately arrived here with M. Von Beitsch, son-in-law of Prince Milosch, has gone back with him to Temesvvar, where the Servian Princes now are, and he will then go to Semlin. Xhe accounts from Servia inform us of the rapid progress of the new organisation of that prin cipality. Not only the highest offices of state, but the judicial and political offices, arc filled up in the whole country. The accounts from Bosnia have for some time past been more favourable. The people seem to com prehend the advantages of a regular though strict adminis tration ; and both the Rayaa and Turks now do justice to the Governor, Modschihe Pasha, who was at first so much THE HAGUE, APRIL 24.—1 f nothing happens to pre vent it his Majesty will go to Amsterdam on Tuesday, the 30th instant. The Princess Albert and her two children will accompany his Majesty. The Grand Duke Alexander will go on Monday even ing, after keeping his birth day here, to Tilburg with the Prince of Orange, to be present at the review ; and then proceed on his return to Russia. The Prince of Orange will probably bo back in time to go to Amster dam while the King is there. AMSTERDAM, APRIL 2G.—We are able to announce that the marriage of the Hereditary Prince of the Netherlands, with the Princess Sophia Frederica Matilda of Wurtem. burg, will take place at the end of June, or the beginning of July. ZEALAND, APRIL 24. The eigning of the treaty of peace, gives us to expect considerable changes in this province. After the exchange of the ratificatio n w e look f or the im mediate evacuation of the forts of and L . tetken. shock, the removal of a great part of th e squadron trorri the Scheldt, end the diminution of the military . force in the fourth and fifth districts , the rs . o pening of the canal from Netizen to Ghent, which promises to give sonic nation to the trade of that district ; and though the terms te treaty are on the whole less f a v o urable to Zealand, w e hope that the direc t communication with Belgium will give us some commercial advantage. BRUSSELS, APRIL 27. —The King transacted busin ess successively with the Mi.ieeeie of and War. M. Beaulieu , our Charge d'Affeires at Berlin, who had remained rt Dreeden. after having left his poet in eonse.. quence of the differences respecting tue affair of Getieral Skrzynecki, arrived at Brussels the day before yesterday. We hoar that their Majesties have placed the sum of 2,000 i, as s at the disposA of the Governor of Lirnberg, for t h. - :Lid rers by the fire at Stockheim. The Nliniiter of War has given orders that the men belonging to the Right of the Reserve, who are at present a': home, on temporary leave of absence, which expires on the I: , it of May, shall remain !here until further orders. VIENNA. APRIL 18 —Hungarian papers say that the pl gue had broken oat in a vit'age • ear Stli,.ra. fil 03 per..ori-: hid died, anti three oth !, had taken th.• infection., Tii, - , communic•tion with . .he vilh.g - was cut off, No offiiii a:-count of this circumstance 1.a., )et bcen received here. DUTCH FUN D3.—AsiiiTitaumit, Aram 26 'lD:ley, titlls. Actlpi/ 000,24 per ' 'ont Ditto, ditto 5 per cent. /..i , iart ~ :RIM, 4!.,, per emit. ~..... ......... 7,-41.4 sD Commercial Company, 4 per Ditto, ditto, '.” , : i per cent C q t r Ditto (1512 and Itki3) 5 per cent. Ditto 1'1.17 t. per cent. , Loan 1637, ser cent. Excliai,gt, on 1,0110.0 f), 01. e. Inolit I. Two teen ;ha 11 0% Es (71AZ, , Utt;Da—tilit Syht.el, APRIL 27 5 ',Ana, liclat,•2 ‘ . per Cent ... . , othitchilo's Loa., 5 per Cent. l' H4 Loan til rhirty ;1 illiona, 4 per Cent 91% --- 3 per Cent......... 72 % La,ar, of k jo , igt.,:, 4 per Ceot.. Society et Commerce, -1,. per Cent. Sans, ,ii 13:.1knurn, 5 per Cunt 174% National Society . Prusseis i'apti4, April 27. -1 USTItIAN FlirlDs —VD , oaa, Ariii. IS .0. per Cents. Mstitill'ues FoNsi per Cents 1495 3ink Shares —4lißeirreire Zestuni. April 23 PRUSStA N FUN • iS.—tlititmri, APRIL '• Bills Money. St :,cliuld. Seb., 4 per cent .. 1031,4 1013 i Vro.,i,tri Engiish Loan, IS3O, 4 pei cent. 111'2% 102% Itactiange on London, three monthis ... 5 11 —Prussian State Gazette. April :13. EV G EDITION. UNIVERSITY INTELLIGENCE. --••••• CAMBRIDGE, APRIL 27. The Vice-Chancellor has given notice that at the congregation on Thursday Nest , the 2d of May, the following grace will be proposed to the Senate:— To Petition the Commons' House of Parliament in favour of Church Extension in England and Wales. At an ordination held lately at the Palace, Exeter, the following gentlemen of this University ware admitted into Holy Orders : Deacons :—William Laing, B. A., St. John's College; Abraham Herwell Stagdon, Trinity College. Priests.—Edward Polwhele, B. A., Trinity College George Martin, 8.A., St. John's College ; Peter Parker Smith, B. A., St. John's College ; Richarl Hugh Keats Bucks, Sydney Sussex College. On Saturday last the Rev. Challis Paroissien, M. A" was instituted to the Rectory of Hardingham, on the pre' sentation of the Master, Fellows, and Scholars of Clare ball, in this University. The Rev John White has been presented by the Lora Bishop of Lincoln to the Vicarage of Barnetly Le Weld' Lincolnshire. On Thursday, the 18th instant, the Rey. Thomas Car ver, Vicar of Melton Parva, was instituted by the Lord Bishop of Norwich to the Rectory of Bridgeham, Norfolt, on the presentation of her most Gracious Majesty the Queen.. The Rev. George Coleman, B. A. has been pregent ed by the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, to the Rect° ll of Water Stratford, Bucks. The Rev. William Coxe Radcliffe, has been present ed to the Rectory of Foothill Gifford, Wilts, void by the death of the Rev. John. Still. Patron, John Bennett, EK' M. P. of Pyt House. The Rev. John Matthews, M. A. has been presented to the Rectory of Melbury Osmond, with Santpfo ril nexed, void by the death of the Hon. and Rev. ward Str mgways. Patron, the Earl of Ilchester. tr;• The Rev. E. C. Ellis, has been presented to the carage of Steventon, Berkshire. FILE MARKETS COUNTRY CORN MARKETS. ----" 1 Wheat. Barley. Oats. Beans, =as —......--- ----- , j . Per Quarter. -. to a. s. t• s. la.to s. s. to a. st ~..... Boston ...... ... 811 64 I Z.'s 35 27 31 40 42 --• , Gainsborough. 81 37 28 44 Grantham ..., 70 84 28 33 24 28 33 443 —7. 0 Grimsby 'B2 88 34 40 22 10 ,33 46 0 0 Flortuastle '62 it -2 37 20 24 136 42 Lincoln 7O 77 31 42 20 29 '43 50...- ipalding — 60 35 24 49 i - - ... itainford - 28 3:3 21 25 136 44 -- , York IV A KEFIELD CO :N 51ARKET —April 95 -3. Vrneat, Red, Nortolk and SurfiAk ...... ... --I. &-a. I.L. 71. Ise 10 „ Lin. and Cam. -- Yorkshire 4'O bite _—_ e s. ~.s :;as . . t t: 7 62s is . .. 1 1 , 1 3 e ,760. .. e.. . Foreign, tied —s —a. ta, 68, One 754. White s. —O. to ---s tin 4 6, Barley, Norfolk and SufVolk Lincolnshire Yorkshire Wald Foreign -s. to '.." 44. n! 4 2/ . , Beans, Small —s to 390. n n ` .3a --- Tick Oats, Potato —s. to 30. dne r dile • 4% .--Poland ••••11. ....6, till 50S. 86* ......... Vriezland and Small StOne --tv,..aling - Sh e llin g Halt *mg. 40e. fine 464. Pe r Lot. Rapeseed r SCOTCH MARKETS : , oatnoa _ _ 2 : Lheat. Barley. Oats. Beans- .........____....• --------- -------. 46 t• 48 46 kiterdeen 75 to 80 34 to 36 34 to 30 -- t• •-•• 43 Berwick 45 52 21 31 19 22 l• 3 30 -•• ''''' 50 Coldstream . 52 55 24 26 17 18 -- ~6 •••• i; Cupar (Fife) 48 65 126 al Is 22 2 2 4 3 40 ........,.. Dunbar Elgin 7 7 ' t 3 ) ;,43 3 5; -_ e B ; : 2 5 .4 - 34 ,, Inverness Kelso Kirkaldy Perth Tha sire of the measure varies throug •ut the count* HADDINGEON CORN MARKET.-April 26. „. Wheat. Earley. Oats. ?ease. 4 1 5 ";"$ First 7ss Od 42s Od 95. Od 4.5. 01 ,- 7 1 od v Second 6's Od 44C3 Od ils 6d 41. 01 11 %•••• Third 6os Od 38s Od 215 s 04 , 381 Od -s Average 3l. Ss Id, 4 12ths. DALKEITH CORN MARKET.-April 25. Bea ns, Wheat. Barley. Oats. Cease. „ad First 79: Od 44-s Id 365 Pd 475 Od ''' p 4 Second 67s 641 38. 0,1 5 , 3 Od 44s Od 44* 59' • d Third 533 Od 34. Od 24. 0(1 39. et EDINBURGH CORN MARKET.-April 04 . wale' We had a large supply of all kinds of Grain to-day, and t were rather dull. W sonic' heat. Barley. Oats. Paste. 4 95 id. First 833.0d. 45s 14. 26. 84. 40s. Od• 1 48 • Second 7O 0 42 0 32 0 46 # 4# 0 Third Average price of Wheat 3/ pa. 44. PRICES OF PROVISIONS, &C. • Pt°. , deer, per lb. ........-.4. Us. 54i. toOs.titt., Freshßutter, Bt. IL at' 1 M t • t utton-- 0 6 0 8 Salt Dittc...........3.4.• • • 0 1 ' Veal —0 7 1 0 Ditto, per cv.t..,80 • 0 i Pc4rk. .3- 0 3 0 7 Eggs, per dim,. • 1 1 IS 11 Lamb, per gr. ......... 8 0 12 0 OatStraw(kp'. ) ... • 2 111 w, !'allow, cwt........... 11 0 42 0 Wheat Ditto...* • • $ 2uartern Loaf -... 0 10 0 101 Earley Ditto ....... '7 • 1 P Potatoes, 1 ilb. —0 6 0 0 Hay, per 5t............. 1 • .pi EDINBURGH MEAL MARKET.-April `market,-- There was a middling .supply of Oatmeal at this slay' 4- t h sales were ra her heavy. 9 "e'T Sack of 26011). I int, Per Stone et 14l1). In 4 6 First Oatmeal Second dirt. .... 0 B irleyineai - - • P Peasetusal . 1 12 I reasemeal ................ ....! leo. got Barley-No. 1, per cwt. P2,-1.1,143.-3d,16 --4 0, GLAS , IOW CORN MARKET.-April 24. , A in44elerate business doing in Ora;• ; prices stea d y d , • j. 54, i i Wheat, ?et ....WV . .. c/ it. 4. Oats, per 26410. A• to 8r44444 h, 44541 ;2 0 , .---- lICW ... . ... :! 1 . ns 0 14,0 ish C.tnatia, free ..... ...... :-:4 o 3t; 0 Beans, per 2604#t 2 ii 0 0 - .. ._ _,, .... Per Stone et 141 h. op 9 6 First Oatmeal .............. 0 I Second ditto ............ e 0 Barleylmeal ....... - • Peaseineal ............ ......• , 20 IT A RKET.—April 14. , in Gr t a .la ; ; ; , pre:•=hte.aa2.lol,ols:sl Irish l2 Wit ish Beane, per 26011 P•• English /l 0 g.i• Scottish Pease, Scottish Oatmeal, per 14011) Flour, per '2C4llt) Ins)) . f - tarlev, ; , eir English Ala 54 I) tE 0 32 0 sti Truro. CORNWALL Nii.RKETS. (Calculated at "4 gallons to the bwihel.) '. d. sd.tv s d. 1; t. l l ti o 0 55 01 $ 12 • ; I 0 o—o 9 2 ; 2.5 6 9 • s • 0 24 6 • A 6— ~ 0 0 22 11 0 9 6 ; _ 0 21 90—; 1 21 0 25 0— 0 10 0 i 7 24 0 26 0, 0 11 11 MINING INTELLIGENCE. To n "' 1 A uan tit Pi' C.,ppei Ore sold l .l Onantity of tine Copper t/q 1 Xvorage Produce oj. Alllollnt of Sale. e 1 ~19J .13, lid A verm:La:l The NEW FLAT GOLD WAT C wit h are offered in double-bottomed engine-turned caie.i'ioll" s l vertical movements, for Seven Guineas each, or, wi th f - e d, finished horizontal movements, jewelled and warranvorpog Nine Guineas each, .at T. COX SAVORY'S shill,‘ Lor Goldsmith, Silversmith, and Watchmaker, 47, Cor don (Seven Doors from racechureh-treet). erid N.B.—The horizontal G construction i s s strongly ree(011/ for its superior accuracy. 0 0011. BIRTH S. °role' On the 20th inst., Mrs. A. Inderwick, of Mich ael's Brompton, of daughter. e G e org e On the 23d a inst., at Stockwell, Surrey, the lady o f Gay, Esq., of a son. On the pith inst., at Wexford, Ireland, Mrs. G. • of a son. port'' On the 25th inst., the lady of F. I. Vanz eller, f it , guess Consul-General, of a daughter. v On the 23d inst., at Brighten, the wife of Mr. S. 'S- • of solicitor, of a daughter. On the 21st inst., the lady of Charles Lanyoo, Joid b Donegal-square, Belfast, of a son. On the 25th inst., in Mecklenburgh-square, 31rs' Bowman, of a son. On the 25th inst., at Guildford, the lady of the it''' of a 66°. Richards, of a son. On the 29th inst., at Stamford - hill , Mrs. E. F.11°55' VVho: t. Barley. St. Austrn... Liskeard Lauric,ton Cainclfimi Penzance. London : atld rublirled by 3111:11V 0 ;.; L 112; Strand, at The Sum Office. ; Sag° t coo at et Al —Alwaday, , On the 2utn inst., at otarnicnt , -- MARRIED. f tGiber l t On the 23d inst., at St. Nicholas, Guildfor d, or , 1 Puzey, of Park-road, Regent's• park, to Ilarriet Onsl,oooo, child of the late John Morris, Esq., of Richnaond, H a ll, Jamiaca. f 23dWilliam o On the inst., a St. James', Bermondsy , " — o t / eldest son of Thomas t Turner, Esq, of Ash,e i n the cuf s a Kent, to Ann Louisa, second daughter of John Castle , e, On the 24 th ins t., at St. Georg e ' s, Hanover-W nn l/000 W. Perry Knox , o f Je r myn - street , St. James's, t° A only daughter of Mr. W. Jones, of Cockspur.street. _„050, On the 27th inst., at St. Mary's Church, 13ryanstorl.:400 William Miller, Esq., of the 12th Royal Lancers, WI a bter Sir William Miller, Bart., Lord Glenlee, to Emilf' g . 5 .C. 113 ' of Lieutenant-General Sir ` Thomas M‘Mahon, Bart. , Greiff On the 27th inst., at S. George's, Hanoyer-srlusTbetb' Thomson, Esq., of Lower Grosvenor-street, to I; eldest daughter of the late Henry Eedes, Esq., of S °ut". trac ts D/En At Cheltenham, on Monday, the . 22d inst., aft er I pro Ph ° illness, Thomas Haynes Bavly, Esq. On the 14th inst., at Crickmarron, near Perobrok_e,eog,.. Lewes Philipps, Esq., of LVVyIIerWCI, Carmarthensbi . re , l ate 01 On the 18th inst., at Edinb ur g h, Miss Alexander, nt itire Airdrie-ho2l st uso, in Lanarkshire. On the inst.,., John Aldr id g e, Esq., of gamnle" aged 84. On the 22d inst., in Norfolk -street, Alexander I%l°l°4' Esq., aged tqi •0. -- .