The Sun. — London, England, 1844-05-10 00:00:00

HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE, TO-1130RRO W EVENING MAY 11, Will be perforrned Hornld's Chef d'oeuvr e, ZAMPA. Cam. ila, Madame Peralani; Rita, :ifadarne Bellini ; Zampa, Sig. nor Fnrasarii Alfonso, Signor (Muni ; Daniel Capussi, Signor F. Lablache; and Dandola, Signor Lablache. Tornnchrle a ith the Grand Ballet, in Six Tableaux, by M. Parret,satkled °WINNE; ou, LA NAIADE. 1 1, 4 Soccer ) ' n , Mi. W. Grieve. The music composed by Signor Pupa. tiincipilcr mutt rs by Mdlle. Cerito, Mdlle. Schaffer, Mille. Fer. dinand, Mdlle . Planket„ 91d11e. Barville, and Mdlle. Adelaide rami : M. Pcrrot, M. Mqntassu, and M. St. Leon. Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box 011ie •, Opera- Veicnnade. Doors open at Seven. The Opera will commence at Halt.past Seven. HER MAJESTY'S THEATRE. The Nobility, Subscribers. to the Opera, and the Public, are re- Niectfully informed that there will be an extra Night (not ncluded in the Subscription) on THURSDAY NEXT, May lb, when will fie' performed Mozart's chef dceuvre IL DON GIOVANNI. Donna Anna, Maclaine Mdlle. Favand ; Zerlina. Madame Persian'; Don Giovanni, Sig. Fornasari ; Le potello, Sig. Lablache ; Masetto, Sig. F. Lablache ; 11 Comman datore, Sig. Felice; and Don Ottavio, Sig. Mario. To condude with ALMA. Alma, Madame Cerito. Applications for Boxes, Stalls, and Tickets to be made at the Box.. office, Opera-colonnade. IHEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. THIS EVENING, MAY 10, Will be repeated A New Grand Opera, entitled THE BRIDES OF VENICE. Count Alberto, Mr. W. Harrison; Count Ono Soranzo, Mr. &Irani ; Nniima, Mrs. Alfred Shaw; Geraldo, Mdlle. Albertazzi ; Francesca, Miss Romer. To conclude with A DIVERTISSEMENT from the Grand Bal Masque of GUSTAV Li S. Dress Boxes 75., Second Fries 3s. 6d. ; Upper Circles of Boxes 55., Second Price 38. ; Pit Ss , :lecond Price 25.; Middle Gallery 25., Second Price Is.; Upper Gallery is., Second Price 6d. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKE'i'. MR. BENJAMIN WEBSTER, LESS EE THIS EVENING, MAY 10, Will be performed Sheridan's Coinedy of THE RIVALS. Sir Anthony Absolute, Mr. W. Farren ; Captain Absolute, Mr. H. Roll ; Faulkland, Mr. Stuart; Acres, Mr. Webster; Sir Lucius cpTrigger, Mr. Leonard; David, Mr. Buckstone ; Mrs. Malaprop, Dirs. Glover; Lydia Languish, Mrs. Nisbett ; Julia, Miss E. Yar. nuld; Lucy, Mrs. Htunby. To be followed by a New, Original, Occasional, and Local Extra. vaganza, founded on Fact,entitled THE DRAMA AT HOME; or, An Evening with Puff. Principal Characters by Mr. C. Mathews, Mr. J. Bland, Mr. Caulfield, Mrs. Glover, Miss P. Horton, and Miss Lee. To conclude with a New Farce, entitled LOVE IN A SACK. Orchestra Stalls, ss. ; Boxes, fit ' • Pit, 3s. ; Gallery. 25.; Upper Gallery, Is. Half.price—Boxes, 341. • Pit 25.; Gallery,ls. ; Upper Gallery, &L Doors opened at hal f-p ast Six, and the Performances e.ougmence at Seven Tickets and Places to be had of Mr L T. Archer, at the Box °Mee, from Ten till Five. PRINCESS'S THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. LESSEE Mr. J. M. MADDOX. THISEVENING, MAY 10. Will be repeated a New Comic Opei# entitled CROWN DIAMONDS. Count de Campo Mayor, . Weiss; Don Hen riques de Sandoval, Mr. Allen; Rebolledo, r. Paul Bedford ;La Caterina, Madame Anna Thillon ; Diana, Mils Grant. After which, BO MB ASTES FURIOSO. To conclude with the Gran,' Ballet, entitled LEOLA; or, the May-clay Bride. Patrick, Mr. T. Hill; Phelim, Mr. Gilbert; Rhona, bliss Charleton ; Leola, Miss Win. THEATRE ROY a LYCEU HO MI LATE ENGLISH OPERA USE. • Under the lfanagetnent of Mrs. KEELEY. la Open Sesame; or, a Night with the Forty Thieves," continues to be nightly received with perfect enthusiasm by crowded and Fashionable audinces THIS EVENING, MAY 10, Will be repealed an Original Comic Drama, entitled THE THREE WIVES OF a A I)RID. Principal Characters by Messrs. Keeley, Diddear, F aiatthewa, Emery, Wigan, Craven, Turner, Yarnold, Miss Woolgar, Miss Fairbrother, Miss Grove, Miss Turner, Mrs. Wigan, and at., Keeley After which,. will ae Drama, oduced a new Comic called THE ' LOVE BIRDS. l'oeucip.al Characters by Messrs. F. Mathews, Younge, Mrs. Woalbge, Mrs. Usher, Miss Fairbrother, Miss Chaplin, N isa Grove, and Miss 1- or taseue. To be followed by an Apropos Bagatelle, called POLKAMANI A Characters by Mt alat.hews, Mr. Wigan, Mr. Keeley, Miss Woolgar, and Mrs. Keeley. a'o conclude with a (*tart Burlesque Fairy Extravaganza, called OPEN SESAME; or. a alight with the Forty Thieves. Cha. meters by Miss Woolgar, Mias E. Chaplin, Mrs. Woollidge, Mue Turner, Miss Grove, Mrs. Wigan, Miss James, Miss Fairbrother, and Mrs. Keeley, Alessi's. F. Mathews, Turner, Younge, Wigan, Yarnuld, and Chaplin. PRICES OF A DMlSFlON.—Balcony Poxes, 41. • Upper Boxes, 3s. ; Pit, 25.; Gallery, lid. Second Price—Balcony B oxes, 2s. ; Leper Boxes, Is 6d.; Pit, N. Private Boxes on the Balcony Tier !holding eight persons). lam Guineas Private Boxes on the Second (ho' , iing eight par., , One Guinea and a-Halt: Private Duxes on the Pit Fier (hail In six persons), One Guinea. ASTLEY'S ROY AI AMPHITHEATRE OF ARTS. Proprietor and Manager, Mr. BATTY. Grand Attraction. THIS sWENING, MAY 10, Will be repeated the Hriaa'cal Spectacle of the INVASION OF ENGLAN - 3.) BY WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR' or, the Battle of Hastings. With all tile sheets of the Norman Conquest, Death of Harold, &c. Entire Change or the Splendid Scenes of the Circle. To conclude with tl.ei Oriental Spectacle of THE SECRET MINE; or, the Haidooa of the Ruby Clifls. The doors will open nightly at six o'clock, and the performances commence at seven. Box-ottice opened daily from ten till four. The private boxes have been recya.strueted and decorated with care and splendour. Acting and stagean sager, Mr. W. D. Broadfoot. .UAVIDGES ROYAL SURREY THEATRE THIS EVENING MAY 10, Transcendent Success of Miss Barnes' Tragedy of " Octavia Bra galdi"—en entirely New Piece, and " Whitefrlars" at half-price. Will be repeated a New Tragedy, entitled OCTAVIA BRA. CI ALAI; or, The Confession. Supported by the Entire Company, Alio Charlotte Barnes, from New York. After which, a New Piece for the Million, entitled LA POLKA. To conclude with an entirely New Drama, embracing all the strong effects of the celebrated work, entitled WHITEFRIARS, In which the entire Company will perform. P aces and Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Kerschner, at the Boz o:her, from Eleven to Four. THEATRE ROYAL,ADELPHI. OPEN EVERY EVENING. The GREAT WIZARD of the NORTH is getting more and more mysterious. He nightly introduces new wonders. His Mystic Temple is thronged with most brilliant audiences, who proclaim him to be the only legitimate Professor of Modern Magic, the very "ne plus ultra" of Cabalistic Phenomena. He performs more wonders in one night, than all other Professors could accomplish in a month. The " Great Wizard of the North" has no rival, no equal in Europe or the world. He will be fouhd nightly " at Home," Plucking from his Mystic Caul dron NEW MAGICCOPICAL EXPERIMENTS of Natural Phi- I,.sephy, bringing from any Gentleman's Hat a Feather Bed and the stilts of Flora. Between the parts of the Wizard's Performances, Mr. SMITH w ill perrerm on his new instrument, the CRYSTALOPHION. Mr PHILIPS, the Banjoist, will nightly appear. The THREE 'INFANT ARABS, Seven, Nine, and Twelve years of Age, go through a new and original Performance. Dress Circle, 35.; Pit. Is. 6d.; Gallery, &t. Reserved Seats, and Private Boxes can be secured at the Theatre, and of all the Agents. kecond Price at Nine o'clock. Wort open at Half-past Seven—the Wizard appears at Eight. EGYPTIAN HALL, PICCADILLY. IMPORTANT NOTICE. ONZ SHILLING, Admission to THE NAPOLEON MU SEUM, the most mavnfleent and extensive Collection of Histo -teal Curiosities and Workil of Art ever known to have been formed py One Person, during Twenty-five years of elaborate research, at a rost of 60,000 guineas, and to completely illustrate, in the most in structive and interesting manner, the most Important part of Euro pean history, viz.—CHARLES 1., OLIVER CROMWELL, and LOUIS XIV., to the deaths of GEORGE 111., and the EMPEROR - NAP..)LEON, in 1821. This unique Museum has been visited often, luring the last and present year, by the Royal Faintly, the Duke of Wellington, the Foreign Princes, Ambassadors, and their Ladies, also many thousands of the Nobility and Public ; and the Pro pr...itor has recently been able to increase, by several very fine M SS ., Works his previous almost incredible number and variety of MSS., 'Works of Art, and a multitude of valuable Relics, and other curiosities, In this most instructive and, as hundreds have said it ought to be, a National Museum. Many thousand have Inspected it, and THIRTY . PRINCIPAL EDITORS of the PUBLIC PRESS Rave stated that It ought to be seen by every one. The price of admis- Tli.)n is reduced to ONE SHILLING. The NAPOLEON MUSEUM is to be seen only at the " Egyptian Hull." Piccadilly, daily from Ten till Dusk. nix; WEATHER-SUN OFFICE, MAY 9. TZIERMOMETER, Lowest, 51 ; Highest, 64 ; Noon, 67. BAROMETER, 30 04.—WLND S.W. Vorz.—The number 32 on the Thermometer denotes the .sczing point, and 55 temperate. In Barometers fair is u3.Nly placed oppo4ite 30, and rain at 29. A 4 -11.1 WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. Alorning :".4 minutes after 7i Evening ... 30 minutes after 8. • .. , .. .. . ...,v • ,Kl' 013, I 4.,, 1 1 ft • A ~,''' --' s ‘ j'ij . : - C -- ,...:' . . 4. ..., '' o ;` 4il t , :4; - --- .-- - • 4 • • oar.. 4 1 -4 '' t.s • _, ' * 'e‘f; ' '4 s i - IIIINL, ii a- : ..~ - - - f• ''f, 'tinti.' flørnbui 3int LONDON, FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1844. h a the House of Lords a brief discussion took place .In the motion that the Dissenters' Chapels Bills be read a third time. It was moved by Lord WuiaNCL(FFE and opposed by the Bishop of EXETER. The furl of WrlclimsEA, Lord KENYON, and Lord MourvrctisHEL, also opposed the Bill ; one on the ground that he was a Christian, and another that it was an act of spoliation. Their Lordships, however, did not pay much respect to these pleas, for only nine v ,ted against it. The numbers were for the third reading 44, against it 9. - The - Duke of RICHMOND postponed his motion re- Wive to the duty on wool till this day; and the House adjourned at Half-past Seven. In the Commons, the Leeds and Bradford Railway Bill was read a third time and passed. Lord JOHN RUSSELL gave notice that, on the Home going into Committee on the Sugar Duties Bill, he would move that the duty of 345. per cwt. be levied on all foreign sugars. Mr. Hums moved an address to her MAJESTY for sbolishing the office of Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland. He was always opposed to a repeal of the union, and i c e made the motion with a view to produce a change which would render repeal unnecessary. Under the present system, Ireland and Great Britain Nvere treated as distinct kingdoms. ltetnove tWi anomaly—place the three coun tries on the same footing, and th e cry for repeal would soon cease. Ireland was treated as a colony, and until she vvas treated as an integral portion of • the empire, entitled to the same privileges, and g o . -verned by the same laws, she would have a right to complain. Captain BERNAL secondt:d the motion. ,T rd EcroT opposed it. The system, he said, had been in existence for 400 or 500 years, and those who proposed a change should show some good reason for it, and 0. tier some better substitute. The abolition of the office of Lord-Lieutenant, he believed, would ca,usezreat dissatisfaction in Ireland, and that, inde pendent of t. ther circumstances, would make him op pose the ache `me. Lord' log.‘ Rusegu, also opposed the motion, while, at the emtle time he believed the abolition of the Office woail4:,:bis productive of much good ; he to leave the affair to the Executive otimiatety‘- - -, NUT brke*ches f rom Mr. SHAW, Sir ROBERT ro:T„ suOlot.titiift, Mr. Husa'm withdrew the motion. oved for a copy of an opinion given , / 1 \ Pax igrst Oaa, the pr esent Chief Justice ofthe ,%...<4'47nlh.Boutikifs, Ireland, on the 28th Of February, 1820, in the case of PEMBROKE V. KINGSMILL, in which Mr. PENNRFATHER advised his client to avoid finding a certain charter of JAmss 1., with reference to the corporation of Kilkenny, and thereby to defeat the ends of justice. Lord ELIOT :understood that the circumstances were these :—The corporation of Kilkenny claimed certain tolls in right of a charter granted by JAMES I. Subsequently JAMES IL granted a second charter, which the corporation rejected, and Mr. PENNEFATHER merely advised his clients not to pro duce this rejected charter, as it would only throw doubt on the question. He saw nothing in this to impugn the integrity of this upright Judge, and re gretted that the motion had been brought forward. Mr. SHAW, Dr. BOWRING, Mr. DARBY, and other Members, made some brief remarks, when the motion was negatived without a division. The House adjourned at Half-past Nine. The proceedings at the Old Bailey yesterday fur nish a remarkable instance of the blessings con ferred on the country by the " wisdom of our ancestors." By these wise men it was decreed that juries must agree to an unanimous verdict, or be starved to death. In the case of CROUCH, who mur dured his wife, the fact was proved by incontestible evidence, but surgeons or mad doctors were called on the other side, who proved that he had, at a certain time, received a concussion of the brain, and that a man who had sustained such an injury, on taking ardent spirit " would run amuck." This statement puzzled some of the jury. They believed he had taken ardent spirits, and was not capable of distinguishing right from wrong, and they therefore resolved to acquit him, on the ground of insanity. Some of them, however, took a more sane view of the question, and would not admit the plea, that a man who had committed such a deliberate murder under the influence of liquor, should be acquitted. The parties joined issue ; neither would yield. They were locked up for the night. They'were debarred from wine, and ale, and bread—all refreshment, in fact, was forbidden—and were placed in durance more vile than the prisoner himself, with the exception that they were allowed pen, paper, ink, and candles. We presume, after trying to agree, they fell asleep on the question, and next morning they all awoke of the same opinion, and at half-past eleven o'clock they respectfully sent a message to the Bench, soliciting a glass of water, as some of them had not tasted food, or taken refreshment of any kind for thirty hours, and they were all nearly exhausted. The Court was inexorable—they must agree in their verdict, or starve. They returned to their cell, and, after mature deliberation, we presume, they thought it was better that one man should die than twelve, and they unanimously returned a verdict of guilty. No instance could exhibit the folly and immorality of the present system in a stronger light. These jurors were all sworn to deliver a true verdict, according to the evidence and their conscience, and from mere inability to sustain the struggle longer, the weaker party was compelled to give way, and de liver a verdict, on their solemn oath, contrary to their conviction. These men are perjured to all in tents and purposes, and they are perjured, not from any fault of their own, but from the defect of the criminal law. This is not the only evil, however, springing out of the "wisdom of our ancestors." Had the struggle been carried on for a few hours longer, a doctor would have been called in, and on his oath he would have assured the Judge that the lives of the least robust were placed in the greatest danger, and that they could not survive another night. The Judge of course would have discharged them, and Caouca at the same time, so that a man who the doctors swore " would run amuck" when he tasted liquor, must have been let loose on society to commit some fresh murder. It is needless to make any additional com ments on such grave facts, further than to say that immediate steps are imperatively required both for the ends of justice and making oaths sacred. No other country exhibits such an absurd anomaly in its criminal code. The Anti-Corn-law League still continues to hold :s weekly meetings at Covent-garden Theatre, and the crowds who flock to hear its speeches still continue as numerous as ever. What stronger proof than this could be adduced of the justice, the common sense, and the policy of the principles which it advocates ? had the League appealed merely to the passions and prejudices of the people, instead of grounding its claims to consideration, on their calm, unbiassed judgment, it would long ere this have lost its prestige, and sunk, like other ephemeral clap traps, into insignificance : but it has preferred rather to appeal to the intelligence and interests of the community, and its appeal has been triumphantly answered. The very opposition that it has encountered has tended only to increase Its influence, and stimulate its energies; and perhaps the very best thing that could have happened for the .ause, is the establishment of the Protection Society, whose egregious sophisms, by coming into direct :ontrast with the strong, clenching arguments of the free-traders, have enabled even the most thoughtless and superficial to see the immense superiority of the latter, in point of reasoning. At last night's meeting of the League, Mr. WARBURTON de livered one of those plain, emphatic, hard-hitting ,peeches for which he is so remarkable, and, alluding to the progress of free trade, said :—" There was anofher instance which there was cause to con gratulate them on, not only in having their prin ciples acknowledged, but also in having, in the reduc tion of the price of sugar to the consumer, a prospect of reaping the benefit. He said that, because he thought considering all the opposition that the landlords and the West India proprietors gave to the principles of free trade, they ought not to bear too hard upon a Minister who had even but partially carried the princi ples of free trade into effect." We cannot agree with Mr. WARBURTON that it is inexpedient to " bear too hard" upon Sir ROBERT PnEn,,merely because he has from time to time given a cold, reluctant, hesitat ing support to the doctrines espoused by the League. On the contrary, we think that a constant pressure should be kept up against him ? he should be squeezed without mercy, for it is thus only —as he has himself hinted in no very ambiguous terms—that anything is to be got out of him ; and in exact proportion to the vigour of the squeeze will be the extent of the conces sion. If forbearance is exercised towards him, he will immediately, with his usual tact, allege that forbearance as a proof that the public interest in favour of free trade is on the decline, and adhere with more tenacity than ever to the RICHMONDS, the BUCHINGHAMS, and the rest of that amiable, intelligent, and most disinterested squad ; but if he be urged and remonstrated with in a bold, downright spirit of perseverance on every suit able occasion, the chances are that in time he may be brought to make those, concessions which it is in finitely to his discredit as a sagacious statesman that he has so long withheld. To appeal merely to Sir ROBERT PEEL'S sense of justice is perfectly hopeless ; the thing has been tried a dozen times already, and has failed as often ; he is accessible only through his apprehensions and his no tions of expediency, and these can only be roused by the League's boldly resolving, and persevering in its resolution, to give him no respite, but beset him in cessantly with its vigorous importunities, which it is bound to do, representing, as it does, such vast masses of the intelligent and industrious portions of the com munity. We are glad to learn, on the authority of Mr. VILLIERS, who briefly but significantly alluded to the subject last night, that it is the intention of the League to make every effort in its power to procure th This return o f a f ree trader for South Lancashire. his is a struggle well worth making—as much, per haps even more so, than the late triumphant struggle for the representation of London ; and should its issue be fortunate --and we see no reason why it should not be, if the advocates of free trade exert themselves with becoming vigour —an immense im pulse will have been given to the League; the sphere of its influence will have been widened,tenfoilldl have;and the crazy, unwieldy fabric of Monopoly will received a shock, the decisive effects of which not all the Protection Societies in the world will enable it to overcome. No subject ofmore grave or extensive importance can address itself, at any time, to the profound attention of the Legislature, in a country circumstanced as Great Britain is with regard to colonial connexions, than Emigration. But there are certain anomalies in the present - condition of this country, and in her political ' relations, which fearfully enhance that importance. The enormous multiplication of machinery power has at least an immediate tendency to diminish the demand for human labour; whilst the excess of manufacturing production (unrelieved by any active principle of distribution to the masses) has the double effect of glutting the market, and thereby reducing prices to an unnatural extent, and of depreciating wages in proportion to the competition for employ ment occasioned by such diminished demand for labour. The continual recurrence of these causes, in this order, has at length, a sort of cumulative opera tion, which the occasional impetus given to labour and production can neither overtake nor sensibly countervail. The seasons of depreciation and depres sion which our industrial community have had, of late years, to encounter, are, out of all proportion, either more numerous or more permanent than those of revival and energetic action. These last represent a power say of one, and increasing only by units, which has to compete with a power of five, or seven or ten, even, increasing from time to time by quanti. ties equally large. For, besides the general elements of depreciation and depression just noticed, we must allow for the coincident increase of our population, and the growth of competing foreign machinery and manufactures; the one reacting on the already over crowded supply of labour, the other on the already diminished demand for it. Nor is this all; we have yet to take into the account the consequences of those fatal errors of our legislation which virtually overwhelm with taxation the poor, and lightly visit the rich, by the customs, the imposts, or the monopoly supply of articles and commodities the most indispensable to human subsistence. Had Great Britain possessed no colonies, or had she longer withheld even that cold encouragement and those in adequate facilities which she now extends to free emigrants, a crisis must have arrived, ere now, in which we should have had the misery of subsiding into the social condition of some among the more Southern States of Europe. We should have had a fourth power in the State ;—a lazzaroni population, too fiercely excited by distress to respect the rights of property, whilst they were unable to satisfy the cravings of nature; too abjectly poor, in the wealthiest country of the world, not to levy a war of brigandage and spoliation upon the capital so largely possessed by others. Bat, instead of these incalculable horrors, the tide of emigration has annually removed from our shores and landed on those of Africa or Asia, of America or New Holland, many thousands of our surplus agricultural hands, farmers, and- labourers ; and a number, little inferior, of our unemployed me chanics, masters and operatives; also, of able-bodied paupers and servants. But emigration of a new character and on a larger scale—emigrants not from England, nor from any part of Continental Europe— not destined for Africa, nor for Asia, nor for New Holland ;—emigrant labour of a totally novel descrip tion from any to which it had been applied under the auspices of former Governments of this country ; these have become among the most vital necessities of the empire, in relation to the integrity of its colonial dominions. Owing to the magnificent generosity with which we have extinguished the condition of Negro Slavery throughout the whole of our possessions in the West Indies, and on the American Main, the emancipated black races have long manifested so engrossing a preference for the unrestricted enjoyment of their new condition of social existence, over any amount of regular wages for field labour, as to occasion the most serious apprehensions for the future productiveness of those fertile regions of which this compulsory tillage had heretofore developed all the prodigious fertility. Free labour was becoming, as to the eman cipated slave, a mere speculative theory. In practice it was so uncertain, so partial, so interrupted, and so expensive, that the planters and owners (whose in vestments of capital in the land, in works, machinery, &c., &c., and in the shipping customarily engaged in the West India trade, ans enormous) are compelled to turn their views to other quarters, from whence they might hope to draw the necessary supplies of human labour, to keep their estates in proper cultivation, and to raise such crops as might adequately compensate them for the risk —of their capital, and the annual amount of their outlay. Free labour exclusively (Heaven be thanked!) it was, and is still, necessary that they should employ. But the burning climate of those tropical regions has ever interposed an insuperable, because a physical, obstacle to the efforts of European agricultural industry within them. The intensity of the heat, the exhausting nature of avocations in parts neces sarily pursued beneath its fiercest action, the hostility of the rainy season to European health, and the dele terious influences of vegetable decomposition, are pa ralysing to the mental powers even, but fatal, in a greater or less degree, according to the modification of external circumstances, and of the physiology of individual constitutions, to the bodily health of natives of our temperate countries. Only people of the copper coloured, or the yellow races, can replace, or labour with, the negroes in the out-door occupations of West Indian husbandry ; as it was once imagined that only the negroes could be substituted for the red Caribs, or indigenous population of the Carrib bean Archipelago, whom the brutal avarice and cruelty of their white invaders and masters have long since utterly extirpated. Meanwhile, soil ex hausted or not, our West Indian position is one which political exigencies would compel us to retain even if commercial discretion should prompt us to abandon it. These islands, by their geographical position, supply a chain of posts of observation ranging along a vast extent of the eastern coasts of the two Americas. They are advanced works " from whence the Old World regards the New." It is now, at length, per- mitted to us to arrive at the second bright page in the death and blood-stained annals of our settlements in the West Indies. We have given freedom to 900,000 blacks, who were, some years pre viously, of no higher legal or political importance than the lowest serfs, the meanest adscripti glebce ; namely, human chattels—whose lives were measured as they were consumed, by the amount of physical labour performed. They were machines animated— but still brute, and fed and sustained only because exist ence was the indispensable ingredient of their value, and because that value was proportionately enhanced with the vigour and healthfulness of that existence. Those who are now to replace them are-1. Volun tary labourers. 2. Well paid, protected, and enter tained. 3. Term servants only, capable not merely of leaving their employment at a given period, pre viously specified and agreed upon with the employer, and guaranteed by the local Government; but even, on reasonable cause shown, before the expiration of their contract. 4. They are in all respects, both as to their private positions and comforts, and as to their social condition, not degraded below, but elevated above those which they occupied in their far distant homes, from which they have been, on their own ap plication, or with their own free consent and desire, imported into these British islands and possessions. It is long since we have perused any of the Parlia mentary Papers with mor e pl easure t h an we have de _ _ rived from an examination of the " Blue Book," entitled " Correspondence relative to Emigration of Labourers to the West Indies and the Mauritius, from the west coast of Africa, the East Indies, and China, presented to both Houses by command of her MAJESTY in the course of the present session." The first class of correspondence, documents, returns, &c., relates to the emigration of labourers to Jamaica, British Guiana, and Trinidad. The second—to that of (East) Indian labourers to the Mauritius. The ,hird—to that of Chinese labourers to the Went In- dies. The fourth—that of (East) Indian labourers to the West Indies. We hope shortly to find room for some detailed abstract of their contents. Madrid journals of the Ist instant have been re ceived, and fully confirm the accounts already published of the alarming fall in Spanish Funds by the change in the Ministry. A Ministerial paper, the Castellano, admits the fact in these words, " The opera tions on the Bourse commenced to-day under the in fluence of the news that the whole Administration was about to be changed. The Funds fell to 29, then rallied to 29f for cash, and 30 at sixty days. After. wards on the news spreading of the Cabinet's resig uation having been accepted, the Funds experienced a disastrous fall." In fact, they were offered as low as 281. They rallied a little, and on the Ist instant, the Three per Cents. closed at 291 for casli, 30 at sixty days, arid the Fives 21 at sixty days. The Paris papers in general simply announce the formation of the ls TAIWAn cabinet. We are not THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 10, 1844 ( surprised at this. There have been so many new Cabinets since the flight of ESPARTERO, and the people of Spain have fallen so low in public estimation, that any change of government hardly deserves notice. The Government, the army, the church, and the nobility, are evidently favourable to the old system of despotism, and in a few months probably the Cortes and the Constitution will be formally, as they are in reality, thrown aside like old almanacs. The Corati lutiannel, almost the only journal that condescends to make any remarks on the " Sabre" Ministry, evi dently anticipates such a result. " The accession of NARVAEZ to power," it says, "may give rise to various conjectures, but whatever those surmises may be, the political meaning of this Ministerial revolution is evi dent. It is no other than the result of a restoration. In the time of ESPARTERO it was the reign of the Exaltados. A defection of this party overthrew Es- PARTERO, although the OLOZAGA Ministry was com posed only of Progressists. A fresh defection throws the power into the hands of those who brought to the moderate party the zeal of fresh converts. Now the old Moderado party govern alone, and the new Cabinet brings back Spain to the time of the ministries of the Duke DE Plass, or of Count D'OrALIA. If this re trograde movement continue, it will bring into power the authors or the partisans of the Estattao Real, of en - lightened despotism behind which Carlism can alone be found." Little has been published in these journals lately about a commercial treaty between England and France, but the exposition made by the CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER has called new attention to the subject. When France finds that England will make no reduction of the duties on wines and brandies until France exhibits more liberal commercial views, and there is otherwise little chance of raising these articles from their present state of depression, the Govern ment may deem it necessary to show something like an intention to act on reciprocal principles. The Globe, a Ministerial paper, throws out the fol lowing, probably as a feeler, on the question : " It is known that the English Government intended to take the initiative in the question of reducing the tariffs, and that it was to commence by diminishing the duties on wines and brandies. The budget, presented by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, has disappointed those hopes. It would ap pear that the British Cabinet refrained from adopting a mea sure so important until the Customs Bill, now before the French Chambers, should have been discussed, and that the question relative to foreign threads and linens should have been definitively solved. Notwithstanding this adjournment, negotiations respecting the reduction of the tariffs of the two countries have been opened by the English and French Go vernments, and will be prosecuted with greater activity dur ing the interval of the session. Persons engaged in the wine and brandy trade must not, accordingly, lose all hope. The question is adjourned, and not decided, and sooner or later it must be settled in the interest of the extension of the com mercial relations of the two kingdoms." It is stated in some of the journals that negotiations for a commercial treaty between England and Naples have been again renewed, and that the conditions will prove highly favourable to British interests. The French Funds continued to advance. On Tues day the Three per Cents. closed at 84f. 65c., and the Fives at 122 f. 40c. THE BOURSE—TUESDAY, MAY 7. First Highest Lowest Leal Price. Price. Price. Price. French:Pive per Cents 122 05 .. 122 25 •• 122 05 .. 122 15 Three per Cents... 84 60 .. 84 65 .• 84 55 .. 84 60 Bank of France"... .• • • 3lOO ..3100 . 3100 • • 3100 Laffitte Bank, I,ooof. Sharesll67 50 ..1170 ..1167 50 ..1170 5,000(. Sharessl62 50 ..5162 50 ..5162 50 ..5162 50 Belgian 692 50 .. 692 50 .. 692 50 .. 692 50 Belgian Fives, 1831.. 1840 ........ 106 .. 106 •• 106 1842 .• ••• • • • 108} .. 108} .. 108} Spanish Active ........ •. • . 32} .. 32} .. 32 Three 5............ 3i • • 353 • • 35 Passive 6 .. 6 • • 6 Portuguese Five per Cants• • 46j .. 461 .. 46 Neapolitan 102 .. 102 05 .. 102 Roman, sz div.... •...... • • 104 .. 104 .• 104 •• 106 •• 1081 •• 32 • • 35; •• 6 •• 46i •• 102 05 .. 104 mArLwAkY SHARES. Versailles, R. 8... . .. 380 .. 37J .. 380 ..... 252 50 .. 257 50 • • 252 50 .. 257 50 Rouen 965 .. 965 .. 965 .. 965 Rouen to HaYre...... • • .. .. 737 50 .. 737 50 • . 735 735 Orleans ...... ......... 972 50 .. 972 50 • • 972 50 . • 972 50 Strasburg to Bale • • • • • • 275 .. 277 50 .. 275 . • 275 lyignonto Marseilles ••• • • • 770 • • 770 • • 768 75 • • 768 75 RAILWAY SHARES, FOR THE ACCOUNT. Ver•aille5,R.8..... L. 8.• • ••..• • • • • • 252 50 • • 260 .. 252 50 • • 260 Rouen Rouen to Havre— ..... . 737 50 718 75 .. 736 25 .. 736 25 Orleans 977 50 .. 977 50 .. 972 50 .. 972 50 Strasburg to Bale.• •••• •• 277 50 • • 277 50 • • 275 .. 275 Avignon to Marseilles...... 770 .. 770 . 768 75 .. 768 THE EMPEROR or RUSSIA..—It is stated that Lieutenant-General Lord Bloomfield, G.C.8., &c., Coru mandant of Woolwich garrison, has received her Majesty's commands to proceed forthwith to St. Petersburgh, for the purpose of escorting his Imperial Majesty to England. It is generally believed that Lord Bloomfield has been selected for the honourable duty in consequence of his Lordship being personally known to the Emperor during his long residence at the Court of Sweden. In the absence of Lord Bloomfield, the command of the garrison will devolve on Major-General Sir Hew Roes, K.C.8., Deputy Adjutant-General of the Royal Artillery. ORIGIN OF THE NAMES Or THE AMERICAN STATES. —Maine was so called as early as 1638, from Maine in France, of which Henrietta Maria, Queen of England, was at that time proprietor. New Hampshire was the name given to the territory conveyed by the Plymouth Company to Captain John Mason, by patent, Nov. 7,1639, with reference to the patentee, who was Governor of Portsmouth, in Hampshire, England. Vermont was so called by the inhabitants in their declaration of indepen dence, January 16, 1777, from the French verd, green, and mont, mountain. Massachusetts from a tribe of In dians in the neighbourhood of Boston. The tribe is thought to have derived its name from the Blue Hills of Milton: " I have learned," says Roger Williams, " that Massachusetts was so called from the Blue Hills." Rhode Island was named in 1644, in reference to the Island of name of its of York and Alb an y, t o Rhodes in the Mediterranean. v C ri o n n e n i e p c a t l ic r u iv t er w ; as e s w o granted. P ennsy l van i a was wy ca ho l l ro e km d fm ntr this referenceis the territory I Indian d t i o a n twh n ae a s m i) named, in 1681, after William Penn. Delaware, in 1703, frem Delaware Bay, on which it lies, and which received its name from Lord Delawarr, who died in this bay. Maryland, in honour of Henrietta Maria, Queen of Charles 1., in his patent to Lord Baltimore, June 30, 1632. Virginia was named, in 1584, after Elizabeth, the virgin Queen of England. Carolina, by the French in 1564, in honour of King Charles IX. of France. Georgia, i t n Bl l 7 7 , 7 f 2 ;omits principal o f in honour river. George 111. Alabama, in Mississipi, i n 1800, f r o m its western boundary. Mississippi is said t o d eno t e Ki e , whole river, that is, the river for me d b y t h e un i on o f King many. Louisiana, so called in honour of Louis XVI. of France. Tennessee, in 1796, from its priucipal river: the word Tennessee is said to signify a curved spoon. Kentucky, in 1782, from its principal river. Illinois, in 1809, from its principal river. The word is said to sig nify the river of men. Indiana, in 1802, from the Ame rican Indians. Ohio, in 1802, from its southern boun dary. Missouri, in 1821, from its principal river. Michigan, named, in 1805, from the lake on its borders. Arkansas, in 1819, from its principal river. Florida was so called by Juan Ponse Le Leon, in 1572, because it was discovered on Easter Sunday ; in Spanish, Puscus Florida.—Simmonds' Colonial Magazine. 'TRAFALGAR -SQUARE.—This splendid ornament of the metropolis was thrown open to the public on Thurs day last, and the ceremony was attended by all the boys that could be got together on the spur of the moment from the streets in the neighbourhood. A juvenile party instantly began to " christen" the posts, by leaping over them ; and no square-keeper having been regularly sworn In, the whole spot was a scene of alarm ing anarchy, until K 12, with considerable presence of mind—although not on duty—invested himself with the striped band for the wrist, and took his station on the top step, commanding a view of the flats of asphaltum which spread themselves slantendicu larly down towards the cab-stand. Amongst the other objects of interest at Trafalgar square, we must notice particularly , the two extensive washhand-basins, cut out into the shape of the shells used for scolloping oysters, from a design in the posses sion of the Messrs. Lynn, of Fleet-street. These aqueous receptacles were the subjects of various nautical experiments, in honour, no doubt, of the great naval hero on the summit of the column ; and who, by-the-by, looks as if he contemplated suicide by jumping from the top of it. Several paper boats were launched on the surface of the tawny fluid, and alto gether a decidedly aquatic turn was given to the day's proceedings, some of the boys sprinkling their com panions festively with the salubrious element. The only drawback to the general hilarity was occa sioned by the non-remov a l of the wooden hoard from the base of the Nelson c ol um n. We understand that a difficulty as to the price of the iron railings is the cause of this unsightly continuance of the wood-work ; but it is confidently hoped that the ironmonger will see the matter in a proper light in the course of a few days, and put up those spikes, the absence of which, on Thursday, the assembled multitudes so much deplored.—Punch. TWELVE POUNDS FOR AN OPERA.—The late Dr. Arnold, at his professional outset, found it so extremely difficult to bring his compositions before the public, that he long despaired of gaining any emolument from them. His greatest ambition was to get his music heard, and for that purpose he was obliged to submit to many sacri fices. Vauxhall-garden s was supplied by his pen, gra tuitously, with songs that were at the time only equalled by those of John Christian Bach. Through the interest of Beard, the celebrated tenor, he was engaged by the proprietors of Covent-garden to select and arrange the music in the opera of The Maid of the Mill, for which he received the munificent sum of twelve pounds. For this opera he also composed two songs, and the finale for the first and act, which immediately placed him in the first rank as a composer of dramatic music. In this opera Dr. Arnold showed his great taste and judgment by the selection of the music, as he introduced some of the most favourite airs of Pergolesi, Jomelli, Srarlatti, Picini, &c., all of which he adapted with so much skill to the various characters that it is difficult to believe but what they were composed for them, Instance the songs of the rustic Giles, two in particular, " Hark, 'tis your own true lover," and " Odds, my life," which are melodies that would fascinate the amateurs of the present day. Sir Henry Bishop, on the revival of this opera some twenty-five years since, preserved these songs, and also memo.: i a ; a 3es he only composing an additional air i i s;l.: a i Stephens.— The Maestro, MONE WAND COMMERCIAL NEWS. (From The Sun of Last Night.) There was an animated inquiry for COttoli at Liverpool yesterday, at fully previous rates ; sales about 7,000 bales, of which 2,000 American were on speculation.—Shares had rather a quiet appearance :—Dublin and Cashel, 4i ; Great Western, Fifths, 21i ; Brighton, 45 ; South-Western, 85 ; North British, 3; Paris and Lyons, 3 ; South-Eastern, 38i ; lb. New, 12i. The private bankers who have the privilege of issuing notes, are up in arms at the prospect of there being, before many years have expired, but one point of issue established f o r England and Wales ; Ireland and Scotland being left out of the Premier's plans for the present. The joint-stock banks are pretty passive, as they have obtained more than they expected from the Government. Private meetings were held yesterday, of the principals, not only of the joint-stock but of the private banks ; and of the former the shareholders are to be convened in public meeting on an early day, to consider—not oppose—the intended alterations in banking and currency. There is no doubt but that the proposals of the Ministers will be passed into law with but slight modifications. From a periodical that has been sent us, we extract the following as to the Tea trade : " The rate of consumption, upon the average, has more than doubled in the United States within the twenty years, whilst in this country it has progressed something more than one third only. The exports of Tea from Canton to the United States, in 1840, exceeded 9,000,000 kilogrammes. The inference from such premises would seem to be clear and un mistakeable. The growing customer for the teas of China will, paripassu, become the largely growing monopolist of the supply of China with cottons, woollens, hardwares, metals, &c. What the United States do not produce them selves, or do not produce cheaply enough, they can be fur nished with in European Continental markets, on more ad vantageous terms. British merchants are already exporting german and Belgian woollens to China, because the differ ence of prices, as compared with British manufacture:•, is equal at once to a reasonable profit. We may remark, that, for one, Captain Pidding himself has verified the fact, as suredly with no feelings of satisfaction, whatever the per sonal advantage accruing. Out of a bad bargain, nationally, arising from the exorbitant taxation of tea, the public are partially compensated, however, in one sense. For if with cheaper German woollens the merchant is enabled to obtain ten catties of tea against nine which Leeds or Gloucester cloths would only procure, it is evident that from the larger supplies, the price of tea must be cheapened to the consumer. " We shall conclude for the present with remarking that. in the heavier and more substantial qualities of cotton cloths. American 'domestics' are already largely supplanting, and in long cloths advantageously competing with, the similar fabrics of British make in the markets of China. The raw cottons of Georgia and New Orleans have but recently sought the same regions, yet, from their superior preparation and finer as well as longer fibres, they can hardly fail eventually to supersede or to greatly interfere with the vent of one of the chief export staples of British India. The lead of the United States has already excluded that of this country in all neutral marts." We have been favoured with the sight of a commercial letter from Mexico, which states that trade was excessively dull there, and at Tampico matters were equally bad. The Stock Markets have been very firm this morning, at a quotation within a mere fraction of par. The Commis.. sioners took about the usual amount of Consols at 99k. A few bargains were made at 994. The Three-and-a-Half per Cents. are firm. Exchequer Bills are at 755. premium, and India Bonds at 925. premium. Bank Stock is at 1954, and India Stock at 2884 to 289, a rise of 14 to 2 per cent. since the day before vest m.day. The Spanish Sfcurities have fluctuated frequently this day, and the tendency has been rather to improve. The Three per Cents. have rallied from 33/ to 34/, and the Active Bonds from 231 to 24. Portuguese Stock is dull at 454. Dutch and Belgian Bonds are steady, and in the South American Stocks the alterations trifling. A fair amount of business has been transacted in the Rail way Shares, but prices have not generally materially altered. In Bank Shares little is doing. FOREIGN FUNDS THIS DAY AT ONE O'CLOCK. Belgian Bonds, 5 per Cent 11 Columbian Bonds. l4 Mexican Bonds, '837, 5 per Cent. ........... 95 % Ditto Deferred Stock 15% Portuguese Bonds, 5 per Cent. Ditto Converted 46% 45% Ditto for the A ccoun t 44 6 6% Spanish Bonds, Five per Cent 1840 23%)4% Ditto for the Ac coun t 1.... ... .... Ditto Three-per Cent ......... . " " 34 % Ditto for the A ccoun t Dutch 2% per Cents 1%% New Loan 1837. 5 per Cents ... 9 9 6% PRICES OF SHARES THIS DAY AT ONE. RAILWAYS. PAID, PER SHARE. Bristol and Exeter '7o 76% to Chester and Holyhead Eastern Counties Ditto New Registered 81. 6s. Pd. Ditto Perpetual 5 per cent l3s. 4d.... 1% Edinburgh and Glasgow Ditto Registered Great Western Ditto % Shares 5O 75% ... t o 75 Ditto Fifths l2 20% to Harwich (Braithwaite) 2 Ditt4 (Lo .ke) ..... ... 2% Hull and Selby London and Birmingham. lOO 233 to London and Blackw.ill 16% London and Brighton 5O 44%%,, ... to London and Greenwich London and South Western ...... 41% Manchester and Birmingham ... 40 59% ...... to 58% Newcastle and Darlington Junct. 18 North Midland Ditto Thirds 21.. 13s. 4d 3- to South Eastern and Dover 3234 Yarmouth and Norwich York and North hlidland Ditto 34 Shares 25 59% to Paris and Orleans ............. ...... .. 20 ... ..... 38% 3IANCHESTER STOCK EXCHANGE, MAY B.—There is no material change in our market to-day ; our quotations are : Manchester and Birmingham, 59 to 59A ; North Union, 1 Doi ; Sheffield and Manchester, 804 to 81A ; South-Eastern, 38A to i ; Ditto, New, 12 to 12 1 } ; Caledonian, 4 11-16 ; Man chester, Bury, and Rossendale, 5 15-16. CLOSING PRICES. BRITISH FUNDS. Bank Stock i per Cent. Red 49 Ditto Bonds .3 per Cent. Cons .334 per Cent. Re 1 New 334 per Cent 102% Ex. Bills, 1,0001. 114 d... 75 pia New 5 per Cent. ....... Long Annuities to expire 1 Ditto Sm a ll 75 pm. Jan. 1860 144 Bank Stock for Acct.... 19', Oct. 1859.. ..... Jan. 1860 l2 11.16 !India Stock for Acct.... 289 FOREIGN FUNDS. Austrian. 5 per Cent — Portuguese, 5 per Cent — Belgian, 5 per Cent 102% Ditto, New Ditto — Brazilian Bonds — Prussian, 5 per Cent Buenos Ayres, 6 per Ce..t... Russian, S per Cent — Chllian, 6 per Cent — Ditto, hletallic Colombian, 6 per Cent Ditto, 1824 — Ditto, 3 per Cent ... ......... ... 34 zi Cuba Bonds, 6 per Cent l)3 (Ditto, Deferrer: Danish, 3 per Cent Greek, 18,5, 5 per Cent — Exchange —4. —c. Mexican, 5 per Cent .... ..... 3: , % French, 3 per Cent.... , —f. —c Ditto, n per Cent., 1837. — • Dutch, 2g per Cent...-. 61% Peruvian, 1825, 6 per Cent... ;Ditto, 5 per Cent lOO% - -- - - - -- SHARES. Birmingham and Gloucester (100 paid) 93 Bristol and Gloucester (3i' paid) Caledonian, 5 paid Eastern Counties (23 paid) • Ditto Registered (816 s Bcl paid) Ditto Perpetual, 5 per Cent., 1 3 s. 4d. paid Edinburgh and Glasgow, 50 paid Ditto, Registered. 125( paid l6 Great Western (75 paid) Ditto Half Shares (50 paid) Ditto, Fifths, , 2 paid 2l Harwich (Braithwaite), 2 paid. Ditto, Locke, 2% paid 44 Hull and Selby, 50 paid t 0 Ditto. Thirds, £2l 13s. 4d. poid SO% London and Birmingham (Stock) Ditto, Quarter Shares ( 2 paid) 27 London and Blackwall (161. 13s. 4dl) 7 London and Brighton (50 paid) London and Greenwich (12/. 15s. 4d. paid) S Londest and South Western (414 6s. 10d. paid) B5 London and Croydon (Trunk) 19% North Midland (100 paid) South Eastern and Dover (3312 s 4d paid) Ditto New Shares ( 4 paid) Paris and Orleans (20 paid) Paris and Rouen, 20 paid CORN AVERAGES. GENERAL AVERAGE PRICES OF BRITISH CORN, For the Week ended May 4. 1844, made up from the Returns of the Inspectors in the different Cities and Towns in England and Wales. per Imperial Quarter, Wheat 55s 3d. I Oats ......... 20s. ld.l 8eane......... 31s. 9d 31s. Ed. Rye .. 3os. lid Pease.....„.. 31s. 2d AVERAGES OF THE LAST SIX WEEKS. Weeks ending' WHEAT. !BARLEY.) OATS. _I RYE. I BRANS. Mar. SO 33 3 31 2 1 , EASIC 3 3 9 90 11 32 4' 31 2 27 155 6132 7 120 131 2 1 31 430 8 May 4 155 3 31 9 20 1 30 11 31 9 91 1 IMPERIAL AGGREGATE AMAGER OP THE PIE WEPICS Wheat 55s rd. i Oats Barley 32s. 7d. 1 Rye ......... 32, 314 Pea5e........315. sd. DUTIIS OW FOREIGN coat,. Wheat .... ..... Ns. Odd Oats Barley April 6 ...... ‘ 13 1 58.5 55 5 55 1 32 7 32 10 33 1 19 8 1 20 1 31 0 31 I 39 5 LLOYD'S SHIPPING. LONDON, MAY 9.—Wind, westerly, light breezes, and fi ne DEAL, MAY B.—Wikd, A.M. N.N.E., P.M., E.N.E., light.— Sld. Java, Hong Kong ; Auguste, and Meline, Port au Prince. PORTSMOUTH, MAY B.—Wind S., light. —Sid. Cleopatra, China, FAI:MOUTiT, MAY B.—Wind variable, and light.—Arrd Admiral Nelson, Queripol. CLYDE, MAY Douro, Halifax. s. —Adam Smith, Rio • Brilliant, Quebec and Montreal. Piulu Plum (AIRICw), JAN. 25.—Arrd. brig Sylph, of and from Liverpool, from the coast, put in for a navigator, the master and the mates having died. Off, Adeline, Dowling, Sierra Leone. LIVERPOOL, MAY B.—Wind NAV , light.—Arrd., Endes, Heldori, Calcutta. Off, Harvest Home, Calcutta; Alexander, supposed from ditto ; Araminta, Bombay ; Ann Rankin, New Orleans; Princess Victoria, Charleston. Ski. .John Patchett, Ceylon ; Superb, Ichoboe ; Steward, Pernambuco ; Nugent, Bahia; Selby, Hayti; Racer, Dalhousie; Indus, Quebec. HORRIBLE ACCIDENT.—An occurrence of a very distressing character took place in Freckleton Marsh, on Monday morning last. A young man, named Walton Kirby, a native of Freckleton, about twenty-one years of age, by trade a tailor, set off from that village about ten o'clock on Monday morning, with the intention , of proceeding to Preston with his intended bride, Alice Allanson, to make some neces sary purchases previous to their being married. The latter, it appeared, had started before him, but not being aware of this, was loitering on the road with the expectation of meeting her. He was, however, passed by a man who informed him that she was some distance in advanceof him. On hearing this he took a short pipe, which he was smoking, from his mouth, and put it in his coat pocket, and then started off at a quicker rate. A brisk wind was blowing in the face of the poor fellow as he walked, and it is believed that this caused the fragments of the tobacco in the pipe to set fire to his coat, which he did not perceive ' till it was beyond his power to extinguish the flames. A cottager, named Henry Harrison, living on the heights overlooking the Marsh, having his attention attracted by flames proceeding from the side of the road, ran to the spot. On ap proaching it he saw a man prostrate on the ground, but before he reached it the poor fellow had started off in the direction of the toll-gate, then disrant about a quarter of a mile. The flames had spread over his garments so rapidly, that when he arrived at the gate-house, scared: , a fragment of clothing was left upon his person, a belt which he wore only being entire; even his shoes were calcined by the fire. When Harrison arrived at the gate, the poor woman was imploring assistance from the gate keeper, which, however, was inhumanly . refused, and Har rison was under the necessity of taking him to his own cot tage, distant upwards of a mile, where he furnished him with his clothes, and afterwards conveyed him to his own friends. We are informed that no hopes are entertained of his reco vely. The conduct of the inhuman gatekeeper towards the uniortunate man cannot be too strongly reprobated, as doubt less his sufferings might have been much alleviated had timely assistance been rendered.—Preston Chronick. SUMMARY OF NEWS AND lOttlattr Optuton. " Who runs may read." FOREIGN. On Tuesday the King and Queen of the French, and the rest of the Royal family, with the Duchess of Kent, left the • Tuileries for Fontainbleau, where they were to remain until Thursday evening. The two Chambers were respectively occupied during Mon day with the adjourned discussions on the Lineation Bill and the Prison Reform Bill. On the latter, the Marquis de La rochejacquelin, in speaking of the new I loon of La Force now in construction in Paris, drew a very melancholy pic ture of the cells destined on the new system for the prisoners. The Marchioness of Hertford continues seriously indis posed at her chateau of Bagatelle, near Paris. Her Ladyship has been for many years an absentee. M. Marchand, who was valet-de- chambre to Napoleon, has addressed a letter to the Constitutionnel, respecting the sale by the executors of Sir Hudson Lowe of various articles de scribed as having belonged to the late Emperor. M. Mar ehand declares that some of the articles so described were never in the possession of the Emperor. He mentions parti cularly the Brequet watch, the portrait, and the garden ' chair, and adds that, although the hair in the medallion may be genuine, the ribands connected with it had never been worn by Napoleon. One of the journals states that on the day of the King's fete the receipts at the toll-hgnms of theVont des Invalides, at one sou for each passengei4mountediO 30,000 f. If this be true 600,000 persons must have passed over the bridge. The marriage of the Archduke Albert of Austria with the Princess Hildegarde of Bavaria, was celebrated at Munich on the Ist inst., in the presence of the Royal Family, the ladies and gentlemen of the Court, the members of the diplo matic corps, the Hereditary Prince of Modena, and his Princess, the Hereditary Grand Duchess of Hesse, Prince and Princess Luitpold, the Duchess of Leuchtenberg, the Duchess Louisa of Bavaria, and Prince Edward of Saxe Altenburg and his Princess. The Dowager Empress of Brazil, Duchess of Braganza, was present in the King's pew. The fact of the Prince de Canino, Charles Napoleon Bona parte (says a letter from Rome), having obtained leave to visit Naples for five days, gave birth to a crowd o f conjec tures. His only object, however, was to arrange about the scientific congresE, which is to meet next summer at Naples. The King received the Prince at a private audience, was de lighted with the plan, and promised to have the savant taken in the court carriages to the foot of Vesuvius. The Minister San Angelo, will be President of the m eet i ng . A Frankf ort journal states that the King of Prussia has ordered his Ministers again to present a Bill to the States for the modification of the Penal Code, and that it is intended to abolish corporeal punishment. LAW AND POLICE. At the Mansion-house the wife of an industrious man, fore man to an extensive engineer, was committed to the House of Correction for one month, for attempting to destroy her self. It appeared that her unfortunate husband had been nearly ruined by her profligate habits. At Guildhall a woman of the name of Lee was charged with a similar offence. Having spent in a couple of days the money her husband had left her to keep her for a week, she took 50 drops of laudanum. This was her third attempt at self-destruction. Mr. Alderman Hughes attempted to con vince her of the heinous nature of self-murder, but appa rently with no effect, and she was remanded for a week. At Worship-street, a woman of the name of Brown, forty six years of age, was brought from the Bethnal-green work house before Mr. Broughton, upon a charge of attempting to drown herself. The case was a curious one. Something was seen floating on the canal, near the workhouse, and on ex amination it turned out to be the prisoner's cloak, which was partially inflated, and kept her body from s i n ki ng , t h ough wholly under water. When brought ashore she was appa rently dead, but great pains were taken and animation was restored. She was ordered to be passed to her place of settle ment, which is St. Clement Danes, in the Strand. COUR.T—PASECIONBI336E. The Court is expected to leave town for Windsor on the 27th inst., and on the following day (Whit Tuesday) the Queen and his Royal Highness Prince Albert will honour the Montem, at Eton, with their presence. It is now stated that the King of Hanover has given up the intention of visiting England this year. The Marquis and Marchioness of Waterford, on leaving Eglintoun Castle, where they are staying with the Earl and Countess of Eglintoun, will come to town, and during their stay in the metropolis will reside at Mivart's hotel, apart ments having been taken for their reception. Earl de Grey does not intend to leave the seat of his Go vernment until the autumn for this country. He purposes to pass a short time at Newby Hall, Yorkshire, and then the Yorkshire Hussars, of which fine provincial corps the Noble Earl is Colonel-Commandant, will assemble for their annual training. The Earl and Countess of Kenmare, Lord and Ladv Hatherton and Hon Miss Littleton, the Bishop of Lincoln and family, Sir E. and Lady Thomason, &c., were among the arrivals announced last week at Great Malvern, The Countess of Blessington enterteinoci at dinner on Tuesday the Marquis of Normanby, Earl and Countess of Tankerville, the Hon. Spencer Cowper, the Right Hon. E. Stanley, Mr. Luttrell, and Mr. Charles Sheridan, In the evening some distinguished visitors arrived, and M. Jullien and Herr Kcenig enlivened the party by performing with brilliant success, their new compositions and the " Royal Polka," lately composed by M. Jullien, and dedicated to Lady Blessington. General Espartero and his lady and niece are passing the season in comparative retirement at their villa, called Abbey Lodge, Park-road, Regent's-park. mrISCELLANZIOTTS. The operation of poleing has commenced generally in the hop districts. In those of Maidstone, some hundreds of acres have been already tied, and the bine is strong and vigo rous. We have nearly similar accounts from Mereworth and Hadlow. The flea had made its appearance in some places. Tne agents for the traverser., Messrs. O'Connell, Steele, and others, have served a notice upon the Crown solicitors, apprising them that their counsel would, on Wednesday, move the Court to have several alterations and amendments made in the postea, and in other portions of the record. On Monday morning, the new course for the River Liffey, between King's-bridge and Barrick-bridge, was opened at presence of his Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant The upper and lower dams were cut through at *leven o'clock, and the tide flowed in rapidly and smoothly, so that the entire basin was filled in less than a quarter of an hour. H s Facellenizy congratulated the contractors on the rapid manner in whi c h they had repaired the recent damage, A dinner was given on Wednesday kt the Albion, in Al dersgate-street, on a scale of peat splendour, by the friends and supporters of the Charter. house-square Infirmary. Up wards of one hundred and sixty gentlemen sat down to the dinner. The following subscriptions were announced:—The Goldsmiths' and Mercers' Companies contributed respectively 50 guinea.; One who knew the value of the Charity," 100 guineas ; Lord John Russell, 101. ; Mr. Emerson Tennent, 5/. ; the Lord Mayor, 10/. ; Mr. sheriff Moon, 10/. ; the Hon. Miss Fairleigh, 20/. ; the Auxiliary Society, 36/. ; Messrs. Whit bread, 10/. ; Alderman Copeland, 10/. ; Mr. John Foster, 104 ; Mr. James Foster, 10/. ; Major Moore, 5/., THE CZAR IN ENGLAND. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Literary Association of the Friends of Poland, May 9, 1844. .SIR S I beg to corrt•ct an error into which your re porter has fallen, with regard to the intentions expressed by the various speakers at the late meeting of this Association as to the proposed visit of the Emperor Nicholas. With one exception, we were unanimous in thinking that some demonstration of our feelings ought to take place, although we were all of opinin that it soud be so contrived as not to involve this Association col lectively. As to the manner of doing it we were not so unani mous. Some were for a public meeting ; and one was for a public mourning. I was for the union of both pltins—viz., the adoption of the public mourning at the public meeting. AN ENGLISHMAN. -- ----- REACTION in the FREE CHURCH. The Dundee Presbytery met last week, when a peti tion from the Mariners' Congregation, with nearly 400 names attached, and from Mr. Law, the minister of that church, were given in and read. They expressed sorrow and regret for having withdrawn from the Established Church, and desired sincerely to be admitted again to her communion. After holding a conference for some time with Mr. Law, the Presbytery gave the following deliverance:— " The Presbytery having duly deliberated on the subject and prayer of these petitions, and heard parties thereon—and having, in a friendly conference with the Rev. James Law, learned his views as to his re nouncing all connexion with the Free Church, and his reasons for seeking to be re-admitted to the fellowship of the Established Church,--and also his determination, through the grace of God, henceforth steadily and per ,everingly to adhere thereto, notwithstanding any re proach or obloquy to which he may thereby be exposed —and Mr. Law having, in the presence of the Presby tery, subscribed the Confession of Faith and Formula of the Church, ex anima, as required by,,the law and constitution. of said Church, on the ordination .4 , ad mission of ministers into the Church, in testimony of his approbation of its doctrine, discipline, and wor ship, and of his resolution steadfastly to adhere thereto in all time coming—and the Presbytery being well and ripely advised in the whole of this mutter, and atter prayer by one of the brethren for Divi ne di rect i on, they did, and hereby do, in the circumstances of thi s par ticular case, admit the Rev. James Law, lately minis ter of the new Secession Church, Refortn street, Dun dee, to the communion of the Church of Scotland, and to all the privileges of an ordained minister of said Church. The Presbytery farther did and hereby do admit the communicants lately belonging to Mr. Law's Chapel, Reform-street, and who have prayed to be ad mitted to the communion of the Church of Scotland, to such communion, subject al wa y s , as all its members are, to the constitutions and laws of said Churvh, and they are hereby so admitted accordingly." This part of the proceeding was closed with an earnest, eloquent, and impressive prayer by Dr. Cannan. After disposing of some routine business, the Presbytery adjourned. COPENHAGEN, APRIL 29.—The island of Hirts holm, in the Catteg a t, w hi c h is well calculated fora harbour of refuge for merchantmen, if only nature were seconded by art, has lately become a subject of attention. It is wished to convert it into a sea-port, because our ships of the greatest draught never anchor there. It is skid that one English mercantile house is in treaty with the Government for the purchase of the island, and the, Mobensharnsport is inclined to give credit to the report. DREADFUL DEATH DT FlRE. — Yesterday, Mr. Baker held an inquest at the London Hospital on Mary Woolnough, aged forty-eight, a married woman, of Hatt street, Barking. Police -constable 246 K said, that on Sun day night, between eleven and twelve o'clock, he was going along Hatt-street, when he heard cries of " police, mur der," and going in their direction he perceived a strong light through the upper window of deceased's house, the door of which he forced o p en an d f oun d the Interior full of smoke. He went up stairs and found claaeased lying on the landing, with her head downwards on the steps, her clothes nearly burnt off, and a bundle of linen lying smouldering by her side, He extinguished the flames, and, procuring a horse and cart, he brought her to that hospital. Mr. Gill, the house-surgeon, said deeeased was admitted on Monday morn ing between two and three o'clock, dreadfull burned on the back and lower ext rem iti es , an d s h e d i ed in two hours after wards ofahock to the system caused by the burns.—Verdict, " Accidental (loath." .7 7 CA ft COUR.T CIRCULAR. The Queen and Prince Albert went yesterclikf after' noon to Marlborough House, to visit her Majesty the Queen Dowager. Her Majesty and his Royal Hien,* attended by the Equerries in Waiting, Colonel Bucklei and Colonel Wylde, arrived at Marlborough House,* quarter before five o'clock. The illustrious visitors re mained with the Queen Dowager about an hour; &Da afterwards returned to Buckingham Pablo& Their Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, see Princess Royal, and the Princess Alice, were taken their usual daily airings yesterday, in the Royal gardeFs of Buckingham Palace. His Royal Highness Prince Albert rode out on horse" back yesterday, attended by Colonel Wylde, Equerry,. Waiting. Colonel the Right Hon. George L. Dawson Dewey , and Mr. George Edward and the Hon. Mrs. Anson, bad the honour of dining with her Majesty, at Buckinghign 1 Palace, yesterday evening. His Royal Highness the Duke of Cambridge visit the Duchess of Gloucester yesterday. A deputation on the subject of vinegar, consistine Mr. J. S. Packington, M.P.; Sir Thomas Wilde, 35 , 1 x ,"; Mr. Charles Pott, and Mr. William Pott, of Londout; Mr. Edward Evens, and Mr. John Evens, of Worcester; Mr. Joseph Underwood, of Norwich; Mr. John Head?, of Stourport; Mr. Ham, of Bristol; Mr. Joseph Balleft M.P., and Mr. Edward Wod e h ouse , M.P., h a d an inter' view with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterday at his official residence in Downing street. Mr. Dean, Chairman of the Customs, had an infer' view with the Chancellor of the Exchequer yesterdai; The Judicial Committee of he r M ajesty ' s M os t LIB' nourable Privy Council met yesterday in the Council Chamber. The Lords present were Lord Broughseb the Vice- Chancellor Wigram, the Chancellor of the Duchy of Cornwall, and the Judge of the Admiralty Cott* Mr. Watson, Queen's Counsel, was heard on a petition , " Hutchinson v. Gillespie," Ca na d a . M r . B urge, Q uee n,S Counsel, was heard on the other side. Their Lordship's dismissed the petition. Mr. Wigram, Queen's Counsel, was heard on a peti . tion for leave to appeal—" The Coloniarßank v. Carr bell," T. , bago. Leave was granted. Other motions and petitions were disposed of. The appeal from the Mauritius, " Brownrigg v. Bo' dett," was opened by Mr. Wigram, Queen's Counsel. Their Lordships on rising adjourned the case fOr further hearing. NATIONAL PROVINCIAL BANK OF ENGLAND. Th. eleventh annual meeting of this flourishing institn' tion was held yesterday, at the Company's offices in Bishopr gate-street. I - JOHN MilLvir.a.z, Esq., took the Chair at twelve o'cloelFt and after entering into a statement of the affairs of the COe . pang, read the following report : • " It now became the duty of the Directors to present to teir Proprietors their Eleventh Annual Report. " The Directors in the first place, have to inform thesPr°2, prietors of the follo w i ng important acquisition to tittlousleo" of the Company. At Torrington, the private bank of Messrs; Loveband and Cox, and a t Bid e f or d , t h e old Bideford JUDI,. of Messrs. Ley and Cox, h ave b een i ncorporated with It; Branches of the National Provincial Bank which be'' , already for some years existed at these places. " Similar arrangements have led to the establishment 4. two new branches—namely, one at Sherborne, and the other, at Newport, in the I s l e o f Wi g ht . A t Sherborne, the B an '' of Messrs. Pretor and Co., which had, been in existence fo i r t nearly a century, has been transferred to this Company; at Newport, in consequence of the dissolution of the Isle eh Wight Joint-stock Bank, the Company has succeeded tats very respectable business of that establishment, with thee° l3- currence and support of its numerous and wealthy sh a re" ' holders. " In accordance with the views expressed in the last rePcal with respect to the di scont i nuance of minor branches an d agencies, the Directors have closed the following, unmet, Knutsford, Ch ar t er i s , Ri ngwood, and Shepton 3:111111" By an arrangement also with the Devon and Co" wall Bank, which was considered mutually beneie, cial, the bran c h a t Ki ngs b r id ge has been relinquish!, to that establishment, for which it has given equivalent, by retiring in favour of this Company et Dal mouth. The observati ons w ith w hi c h the Directors i n faced in the last report the annual statement of account applicable, and with still greater force, upon the present oases . sion. Since the last meeting the employment of the Cerr l : parry's funds has daily become more difficult, and notwiti t t il standing an improv emen t i n some branches of trade, t ea ' value of money has gra d ua ll y d ecreased until it has readl7 I • an unprecedentedly low point of depression. " Under disadvantages so unusual and p ro t r a c ted. T o ' Proprietors will naturally be prepared f or a corr esnel i „ j , ing diminution of profits, and accordingly, from the ste t meat of account s now t o be submitted to the meeting, it Ir . : be perceived th a t, i n or d er to maintain the dividend of 6 cent. for last year, recourse has been had again to the ; served fund. In 1841, on the • Ist of Januarys amount of undivided property was 57,8671. 14a. and on the 31st of December, in the same yesirs t t ia: nett profits, after making allowan ce f or b a d an d deub debts, and for a proportion of preliminary expee,__,„, w r was 21,4351. Os. 3d., making a total of 79,3021. Ile. Bd.; ra: , , that was to be deducted the dividend of 6 per cent., 24, 01 '1 , 165., which left the undivided profit, in Decembre, 1843, Q 54,6521. 19s. Bd, Although with large accumuating rei : sources, employed in safe and available investments, with the means, consequently, at their command • of 12 „! creasing the pro fits of the Company when a demand for carfl; tal shall return, yet the low rate of inte res t on gone, having assumed a somewhat permanent character • the Directors trust that the Proprietors will agree with thee' in thinking it more advisable to reduce the dividend than te s „ encroach further upon th e reserve . Th e Directors, skeeora'' high'', now propose that the dividend for July next should be at the rate of five per cent. e Since the foregoing report was prepared fox the P_ tore, the Government has submitted to r arliamer*:i ts inten i that with respect to th e renewa l o f t h e Bo'. of EttglaSi'V. Charter, and to the law affectingjoint " Without explanation of detail the Directors feel would be premature t o g i ve an-' - decided opi n ion as to t h proposed measure, but as ' " sfr oCk batiks. is.,,wernment has avowed its tion of respecting i ncisting interests, and to proceed on t.e7 7 , principle d facilitating the ep era ti on o f joint-stock baPf" the directors entertain an expectati on th a t any ne w legr ~ r._ tion will not operate any disadvant age t o th e N a tional Pro vincial Bank. ' After a short discussion, the report was adopted. vtg, c Mr. Henry mouth, Mr. Isa ac N ic h o l son , and M r Thomas Wilson, were re - e l ec t e d Di rectors ; Mr. Edwi Stewart and Sir D. Scott were elected Directors, in the ri".7 of Mr. George Ly nc h an d M r. Archibald Paul. Y m o b A dividend of 5 p er cent. was declared, and, after S eulogium had been passed by several of the Directors 1 1 1 3 1 , , the course pursued by the Manager, Mr. Robertson, the ing sep ara t e d, every Proprietor appearing well pleased wh the prosperity of the establishment. UNCLAIMED DIVIDENDS. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—The remarks which recentl7 appeareaL your paper, on th e su bj ect o f unclaimed divideno7( are much to be commen d e d. Th e ev i dence produaev,, on the trial of B ar b er , Fl etc h er, and Co., ihavvi" tri injustice, if not absurdity, of the system at presto adopted by the Bank. It was there stated by M iss Ann Slack, that un til thi s f orgery was broug ht tu!':'; light, she never knew of her being entitled to er g i 3,5001. in question, and was receiving the divido° on other stock at the Bank of England, withcgit the`; least intimation being given to her of her riett', this other mo ne y. N ow , Mi ss Ann Slack bad it n ° ; been for this circumstance, would, in all probability! I : have gone to the grave quite ignorant on this Pi nt ' although it was k nown t h at she was the leg`'"'' claimant, For aught we know, there are at this time nsel.! poor creatures, in a state of actual starvation, en k% titled to thousands of this unclaimed property; 9 : 04 , who, for want of the required information, doomed to end their miserable existence in serne,„ ° ,o score garret, or (the last resource of the wretcu. s‘ a workhouse. Most persons of property are te,D cious, while living, of disclosing their wealth ; tf e ':; often neglect to make a will until the last i p% ment, and then, i n so i mperfect a manner, that a" correct; detail of the property is never got at , 6;, survivor fi n d s his relative possessed money in particular stock, and goes to the Bank to claml di accordingly, b u t s h ou ld t h ere b e more money e by the same party in other portions of the fop he get s no i n f orma ti on a b out i t, and very often leses • it altogether. Again, the secrecy observed by the Bank on the matters is not the least security against frauds/ , d ,, was shown on the late occasion, where a person b,„° . `„„ ing a responsible situation in that establishment , I t r ot , nished the delinquents with the necessary intbrill a which enabled them ultimately to complete their 1 3 00: farious designs, so that this man's rank in life was o f proof of his being above temptation. Had a li st /‘• these dividends been published, the right owner wel. probably h ave appeared long ago, and these forge' not have happened. t " I differ entirely with you where you propose te e, after certain publi c ity, an d a l apse of time atts,ri3e they should revert to Government altogether. li e Government might have the use of them aft!! (AV adoption of th e a b ove proposa l s ; hut they 01 40, 1 '' to all events for a l ong t erm o f years) to be ori ( - 0 claimants ; and if an office (similar to that of Defu n . Commons) were established for the registry of claimed Stock and Dividends," where, upon K ess . , of a small fee, every persqn had the facility mining the books, the Government would be e rTh s t the odium of being charged with sup p re ssing e ir necessary informati on w hi c h t h e public are jus t l y titled to, and m uc h genera l di ssat i s f ac ti on allayed ' • I remain, Sir, your obedient servant, POPtra ... AL ..-- FIRE AT THE LIVERPOOL THEATRE Rol— he While the World of Dreams was being performer s i t t h - t-. Theatre Royal last night (Monday), part of the 1 06 .-- sc p ua e pu n pg d ob e s d ti nfi c gr o e n tl t a i e g n budloauzse burned t t o o one hawl riet 1 bi ofe greate t n h n e e c side era pss iad ri lights, g t. h o t s g ii coloured hangings used in the piece, and which W ere tall,' d ue /t of to the representation, and not by any means the any,resll' accident, fortunately sat still, and manifested little, ~.,v, symptoms of alarm ; and the fire having been sPer. auYi i i i i tinguislied, the performances proceeded as if net -fling occurred.—Manchester Guardian. rlitla SINOELAR DISAPPOINTMENT. -- NOtWithStAß the inconveniences attendant upon a location a t with appears to be some palliatory circumstances connect ono ,. it, of which the following is an instance :—A young . vi t tee, who has often had occasion to appear before the maga_ Ba rt iley'p hs a ,eo cc a ide di n enc o. 6 on that .T; and is pretty . familiar with the interior of the in /sIP prison' : I' 11 0 _,.. il waa again placed at the bar of the Borough Court, had only been released from prison two or three day: PL . disorderly charge, on Thursday last. It or '.". viously, but so far from being wearied of her stay ther, : i.. er, seemed to look forward to her entrance again as . 11 , n _ gi: event ; remarking to the officer, when he took her i n to tody, " Well, it, I can't get in to-day now, and it's __ day at the Bailey." The magistrates, in order to atn . i:i . 04 the serious disappointment, afforded her an opporturtainug anticipating several forthcoming beef -days , by comesj her for three months.—Afancliester Geuzrdian.