The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-21 00:00:00

1 V~L~ COURT CIRCULAR. 1 )I j VL‘4)S() R SUNDAY .—Their Royal Highnesses Alfredee and the Princess Royal were taken an r cg on Friday afternoon on the Castle-terrace. 11 01 .: i ste rday morning her Royal highness the Princess gr,,ent out riding on a pony, in the pleasure „nus and the Home Park. teller t Flighne:s the Duchess of Gloucester left 44i: ski t:nee, Gloucester House, Piccadilly, on op a 4 Y morning, for Witley Court, \Vorcestershire, ViSit tO her Majesty tha Queen Dowagi.r. . Her Ilighness was attended by Lady G-eofgiar . ia Bathurst Lady in waiting, and the Hon. Captain W ell ) Comptroller of her Royal Highness's house- Th • Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of %bridge, and the Hereditary Grand Duke and op ti P e „ss ()f Mecklenburgh Strelitz, returned to Kew • b!'"aY evenin g from town. werisPatches from the Governor of the Mauritius S ? rec eived on Saturday, at the Colonial-office. sir Robert Peel arrived in town on Saturday morn to t he Brighton. Sir James Graham paid a visit Pe e il ', t ight lion. Baronet. In the afternoon Sir R. kat L it hii residence in Whitehall-gardens, for his rayton Manor, Staffordshire. uk,' l l,atehes were received yesterday, at the Colonial- L ord the Governor of New South Wales. litp 4 ' and Lady Portman and family have arrived Ltis arr atice 'cm's Hotel, Bel' , rave-street, from their seat, f e• , near Bl an df or d. lip'.ll,fenry and Lady Pottinger and family honoured uq s a lu u r r f rd' s P anorama of Hong-Kong with a visit ratiaedgaY• Sir H enr y ex p resse d himself highly T i ~ " OPENING OF THE NEW EXCHANGE. Th e Majesty tait._e pre parations — Zh c h the joint GTesham C . orn- Quo': are making for the reception of her sort2ope„.ll Victoria and her Illustrious o C n ois i o o r n t c , ia o y n , t t ,h h ee e i t i l ao f this magnificent edifice, extensive scale. Ih . el la i r e are upon the most , ben , i ll an of the Gresham Lorrn s ii u t b te - e e , o ß mm ich it a t r e d e, L h a a m ve Lam met °n es, Esq.., and a special . n order to give the Neesvery day during the week by thsarY directions; and, theysecon , d i edas ali t th ‘k energy and ability of Mr. Tire,. -e ats ~ he h a a r7an h g ee e n - , for 'ur the grand ceremonial are in a great state o e , wardness At th e • Perti„ . West end of the buili , ng vs , ,h i i n eh fr i o s h s t ti v ,'°, is a temporary covering oofoothbne te/Zi that if the weather prove favourable it can N I , I N en the morning or the day appointed for the ,4, vi c i t. lie r At foot ,itajesty will be received atthethLisobradrrer, Mayor,in the of the steps of the portico, ,, b , a r ' . e ' n 't of Aldermen, and by .`i ttiO4iArlnan uf the Gresham- Co R. L. Jones, the certain number of t otir,ercers' Company, and Committee, the Master of tiorat'ic' t the Mercers, thus re resenting 'of Sir Thomas qr Zs, who are the joint trustees n a n o , the two cor ks" za) the iginal founder of the Exchange. Her I Psty will be ducted quite round the Iste44,a_ProcessioZhattended by the former gentlemen . I in the nature of the tirratlme architect, who of t he gr an and decorations ‘vil l exp o a f th N i . s ul i i t n h p e o n rt e a o n n t ti p n a u r e t tpst„struetai.e. The procession ttheirts, through the grand staircase N of Lloyd's to ta to . hlieligtoteidficuent apartments, to their library, -room. which Jesty will p temporarily a ‘ s d a dr t e h s r s o , tetiro th e 1, to the private apartments fitted u ha p eed for vsta lllet • afterwardsh eruntil i As th is rea y• kh 1 e new Exchange is fire proof, orr i a ts th n e e r igh as . oear 'eParate establishment is distinct from suite of rooms L'" li a r cl a ci ,, vvay, in order to obtain r`rty e „, ''', l -a, iesty, has been cut thro h u a e g ,t111)614,a0s into the apartments to Ali er ; by the Corporation of the hereafter Assurance.ene ef o th c e - he w , Its reci o n?s are in the front, towards Co s r im nhi l l e l, ealeid see !log arranged with the same P kisstwhieh c haracterises the rooms built for her Ikt ehit,Y at the Farnborough station by the same 11 1 , 4 ' 400-,nnulber of visitors to the dejeu found will com- I ttl or ,Nst: l ' uer,Y°nd which number it is ilaltbeacabout -4 girl c a nnot possibly be afforded. O a f n t d he th se e a s b a o m u e t Ilili eated in the Ambulatory, )st r. Will be seated in Lloyd's apartments. a cted Staples, of the Albion, as has be . en h a .s lr t e o ad b y e -stli: Moshe contract for the dejeune, l whic i *1 111; e t splendid and liberal sca l e. The plate htio, sUnplied solely from the stores of the Cor a p n o_- ~ot,ZlLondon and of the Mercers' Company, a 'Aca,ilks been incorrectly stated, partlyfrom the l a sliths' Company. l o ne 7 Ambulatory and merchants' area every f p r r o u tn - A 41 1 14 ,4 beine made to protect the company The Nttrato4l'ir the - encroachments of bad weather. 4 ,,,''`1 ara i , 4 l 'oath entrances will . be closel at the east and "est r'lls t • will be provided e . eed 3 e ection boarded no, 1 ,,5 - "Pet vi i i , A very thick and brightl r y ea or a n u a d m h e u n i t l e d d . 'go! ) 1•" oe laid on the parts of the a y under r i t o li g e eetopitiget Will Ittlilbit3 alVtlu'liet 4Z: ft'j t .e h s e ty CO VV lTl i p il an l y va t l e k m , temporary eeantie,i,e besoe urit i acr la a i i d ns d t o d w a n u , ip s . o that there seatAs will li_lul i. b bae e_ to nod '' t° a doliblrow, quite round the b } lei, 1 "14eh, fro m • L.O) Will _ , its amp e dimensions and noble 4 . 1 ' 1 ? iia,_auteit of such a regulation, without at all s 'ott eet vie to be prejudiced as to the view of its 14 I 'l4 .e tess?lated p a tt4, tales is not inte z d. en to t in the open area is fini f sh h e e d r , introduce the statue o repre_ e l4 l ' l ,7 t , : it ' : t s ii ll t a h s been somewhere „, erroneously , :Nedf 'kaie, A , e marble figure., now beinfvcearaNreedibny. bu, can be entirely completed. has : N d ' upon good thor' . ..y, that that gentleman f \‘'',4sl,,-,4;titilr,e ticd.elt a h u jit it l' W; s never intended laster fi o g r u t r h e e , , 'e ti a fe w '°llamittee to put up a mere p o ll ' s ' i, ,iti arnahlteorniatihs will suffice to complete p the sculp ..ioo , . - worthy of its subject, and the grand fie ''slgtied to it. ~, , r m a: Sit. i e stY will arrive at Temple-bar at twelve to e 'toni ' sPeech will be delivered, according i s t . i l a t ' l 4 , e l'on the visit of the Sovereign . to the City, a . t . h be liPvL b Y a scholar of Christ's to hear it, - ahtl, -.'", if her Majesty have time th e , er wi ll ,_ _ one of 1 - I , ,spital ; and it tif,,;l°llths onlspoken at , St. Paul's school by . e 1 foundation, t of which place Thaeation the e4nerCe:rs,t s Company are trustees. han e ‘ill heot:rotesson from Temple-bar to the l ' i dere l - led hY' a certain number of the Co oration lkil Wit e h il all(' commoners, on horseback, in At i, ~-; ancient custom.l;laielvrieatt-ii-'"evmellb:acii:tidilehLY;xtehheangeat Committee that her Majesty . ' esr r i k aiesth wni% on her return t h t a o o t u e l t V e in e d soo'crloactkt,harentede. and in the state k,stagef, ae.4onpaniaepdpeahr inher Ministers and suite. ) 1 " p: ri . the distinguisheir Members of both 4°lter.taPenr, and all the leading merchants and th e As the °aye been invited. atis,' (laY appointed for the ceremony are Nst a --etY exhibited amongst the crowds who b eeo rltly s en collected around the superb edifice approaches, folkrn eve r - L throning :_ Jr uour. more . eager and urgent. The b;8111 1 , I4 a description of the interior :—Passing visit or the grand portico, under a lofty archway, the PoOtsets, P...receeds at once to the grand area, rt ed Walk, Which is surrounded by an . arcade he m su e p r- - 011 a m issve pillars. The area is beautifully of theth , .elated pavement, and the decorations t he , nos e'srt:oatioevelin buildin of such a structure formm These and not the g least attractive of its f and Iravvi„„A''ese d ecorations are after the llof.",..el„1,18 of kr. Sang, and havebe o e n n t h e planssy selaboratedsystem , ,t ax , nstant Personal direction,. coz thhrifeenayienatrisngaglsor,hich he introduced into this . coun as to give rot Wax and th s e o c m o e lo o u t r h s e n r otbeing mixed with ingredients, so hard. 1s ; h e ,'" only peculiar brilliancy of tint, but . a °llitiu`4 sMoethness of surface, combined with dura- Th n!leclualled by any oil painting. t lle to e side Walls and roof of the arcade surrounding e kfrord-elhante area, divided into compartments,.h t a in_ ftlshe'l great scope for the exercise of this dis h e ed artist's taste and skill in arabesque painting._ lilastside walls are divided into arched panels, by. ill rs corresponding in character with those front e on the 4r eat and the ornaments of the different etasr"bents, arches, and panels are at once strictly ter o %?) and in keepince with the architectural chara t y a l the edifice. Each arched panel is surrounded TAiteclotet gillosti frieze, upon a Pompeian red ground, Iltile,°rlZlnal in its details, embodying, amidst all its (lea.to-r!.Y, a great many neutral tints, which soften n _ Riv e the dazzling. effect of the positive colours, d ‘l 'bol e a li ght and extremely pleasant aspect to and To the sernicircles, the wall arches around the whole_ en ietrge arcade, some very bold ornaments hav?b f ro: (l ` i n'd upon dark, positive grounds, all different e' dot sileaeh other in general design and the minutest_ t t 1 (1 19 3. T hese are surrounded by clusters of fruit prod?r executed with almost incredible trs , of colouring, upon a black ground, tr a ,„"s at once a most striking and pleasing which fffet Merett,'l adiately under these wreaths of flowers and !.ui are eandel br in the style of the Logii of b r l a P a ilal • The rnaiddale panel is surrounded by scroll ehrolie_ints, and. has a Roman tablet in the centre, ehah-t't° with arabesque, on which the different mer- The walks will be inscribed. 4 4 ed ez , igns of the candelabra and medallions intro eed • Ihst ao i n the different panels vary almost in every eto hl 'se, while the mythological and commercial ,. aria estincls represented in the compartments of the roof t i" r ee Is,•wall panels, give a character of the mest 11arleiti`e variety to the whole. The base of the side W a i 4 Is painted in neutral tints, and is skirted in the o tar:ise°t, which harmonizes well with the archite - ~t, harrangementi of the arcade. i at ) Z emus of the different nations are introeuce o d_ th e iti.'e Principal covers of the roof; also the arms of I.ckilght Hon. NVilliam Magnay, the Lord Mayor of rl lit ll ' i t a Mercers Company, the Building Come -4-44t.' • Tite, the architect, and Mr. Sang, th g the art t° .Co ;h ap r ain% for ft b'j erhoe" Ng. air $ nt °`' ill . ' Alg h s vier° o f ow e . g ce ed,oo ?ci ur f t• , oci. ro o The, t. t ion P ocet que SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. Nola lIALLEUTON R ACES.— TamtsDAY. Sweepstakes of 10 sous. each, with 10 added ; for 2 yrs old colts, Bst 51b ; and fillies, Bst 21b ; winners extra. Once round. Col. Cradock's Jingle-pot, by Physician (Templeman) 1 Mr. Mangle's Comical Boy Mr. Smith's Alice Gray 3 Sir J. Gerard's Pluto 4 Mr. Milbank's f by Sheet-Anchor The Gold Cup Stakes of 10 sovs each. Two miles. Mr. Irwin's Mickey Free, 3 yrs (Butniiy)- 1 Mr. Ideiklam's Trueboy, 4 yrs Colont•l Cradock's Peggy, 4 yrs Mr. Davies' Fair Rosamund, 3 yrs Mr. Artritron , r's Ratan, 3 yrs Plate of 501. Heats, two miles. Mr. Cookson's Crickey, 4 yrs (Templeman) 1 3 2 1 Mr. Salvia's Pigskin, 3 yrs Mr. William's c by Liverpool Mr. Robinson's Lucy Dashwood, 3 yrs 5 2 4dr Mr. Dawson's Surety 3 yrs CARLISLE . RACES.-THURSDAY. Her Majesty's Plate of 100 guineas. Four miles. Mr. Salvin's Alice Hawthorn, 6 yrs, 10st...walked over. The Innkeepers' Plate of 501. Winner to be sold for 150 guineas. Heats, twice round. Mr. 11. Johnstone's Flagon, 6 yrs, Bst 121 b 2 1 1 Mr. Meiklam's Inheritress, 4 yrs, Bst llb Sir C. Monck's Flagsrnan, 5 yrs, Bst 71b Match, 50 stirs., 9st 81b each, one mile and a half— Captain Mead's Squib walked over ; Lord Tullamore's Brown Bess paid t. Match, 50 soya., 10st 71b. once raand—Mr.Diachlyon's Triangle beat Mr. Alitight's The Clipper. The Hack Stakes of 5 sovs. each, lOst each, once round, were won in two heats by Captain Mead's Mil liner, beating The Clipper and three others. COURSING. RIBBLESDALE CLUB.—The Gisburn Puppy Cup (16 dogs) was won by Mr. Brandwood's Blair Athol ; the Ribblesdale Cup (16 dogs), by Mr. Moore's Moccanna the Craven Stakes, by Mr. Landless's Mystery; and the Bury hunt Stakes, by Mr. Moore's Mingo. LYTHAM MEETING.—The Annual Dinner Stakes (16 dogs) was won by Mr. Thomas's Tip; Mr. Bake's Bird lime ran up. The St. Leger Stakes, for 16 puppies, were won by Mr. Bennett's Banker ; Mr. Robinson's Phcebe ran up. The Produce Stakes, for 16 puppies, were won by Mr. Bake's Bolivar ; Mr. Thomas's Bonnet ran up. The Lytham Stakes, for 16 all-aged dogs, were won by Mr. Robinson's Tyrant; Mr. Deakins' Dangerous ran up. THE HOUSE OF KEYS. We copy the following curious article from the Mona Herald of Wednesday, showing that the Manx people also want a change in their representative system : " The enemies of legislative reform are busy in conjuring up the falsehood, that the late demonstra tions here made, in favour of free trade and legislative reform, are some how or other connected with Irish Repeal agitations. This may gull some stupid block heads, whose eyes are still half covered with old Tory scales; but to men of sense and reason, such trash cannot go down. There is not the least connexion, nor even remote relationship between the two subjects. Ireland is struggling to obtain the repeal of a com pact of union entered into 1800, and ratified by Act of Parliament, by which the two islands became the United Kingdom of Great Britain. She seeks to restore an Irish Parliament, which she surrendered in that compact, so that she shall again enjoy a domestic or local legislature. Now whether this struggle is just in itself, or whether Irish oppressions have rendered such a demonstration as has been witnessed in Ireland, for the year past justifiable or not, has no connexion with Manx reform. We have freely ex pressed our opinion of Irish wrongs, and may do it again ; but whether that opinion is well founded or otherwise, it has nothing to do with a reform in the House of Keys in the Isle of Man. We have never en • tered into a compact with the British Government to merge our local legislature into the British Parliament; neither have we ever been concerned in an Act of Parlia ment which dissolved our House of Keys, or deprived us of being fully represented in that House. Again observe, the contest in Ireland is with the Home Go vernment, struggling for something which that Go vernment opposes. Not so with the Isle of Man. Thank God, we have no contest with the Home Go vernment; we are struggling for nothing but what that Government approves, and to grant which that Government stands ready to put forth its sovereign power, whenever we shall ask her constitutionally to interfere. It is apparent, then, as there is no con nexion between the two subjects, there can be no ' general sympathy between Reformers here and re peaters there. To test this question still further-- suppose the Isle of Man were sunk in the ocean to day, would it directly or indirectly affect Irish re peal ? Or if, on the other hand, Ireland were sunk to-day, and the Isle of Man remaining, would not her rights to a representative government remain the same as they now are ? and would she not pursue and pro secute those rights by the same means, and in the same demonstration that she now does ? Again, these quibblers tell us that this recent move ment on the island for an elective House of Keys is but the effervescence of the moment, produced by the arrival of the " Radical Dr. Bowring" on our shores, who, seizing the hour of his ephemeral popularity, has roused up the elements of commotion, and set society in a blaze. We indignantly deny this as a base per version of fact, and fling it back with contempt to the promoters and fosterers of our degraded evils. That the Manx people are grateful to Dr. Bowring for the efficient and effectual aid he has given them, in redeeming them in part from the galling fetters • the license system is true. That they would be thank ful to any one who should interest himself in their favour, to tear off any of their shackles, is not denied. But we are bold to maintain, and we challenge refutation, that if Dr. Bowring had done nothing for this island, but had merely come here, proposing to aid the people in the recovery of their rights to a free and re presentative government, the very cause which he proposed to advocate, laying so near the hearts of our people, they would have come forward in the en thusiasm of demonstration and hailed him as he ap proached our shores, as the coming benefactor of the Manx people. ORLEANS, TOURS, :and BORDEAUX RAILWAY. The engineer of the Chemins de Fer has lately visited the works on the line between Orleans and Tours, and gives an account of their progress. The line from Orleans to Tours is about 71i mils long, and has many bridges crossing roads. There are no curves under 650 feet radius, and the gradients are extremely favourable. From these facts, we may safely say that the working of the line will be easy and secure; and one trip through the country which the line traverses will be sufficiently convincing of the productiveness of the enterprise. It is difficult to conceive why Bullot, Drouillard, Martin, and Co., refused the terms offered by the Chambers, in 1843. The bridge which crosses the Loire at Mount Louis is almost finished ; it is executed by M. Lavaure, of Nantes, on the plan of the Fonts et Chaussees, and is elegant, solid, and enduring. The only works of importance which are still unexecutcd, are the station at Tours, and the bridge which crosses the highway at the Faubourg Bannier at Orleans. It will be proper to enter slightly upon the details of these works. The earth xork in course of execution on the right of the Fauxbourg Bannier appears to be intended for the construction of a station. We have reason to believe, howerer, that if it has not already been decided to accept the use of the Paris and Orleans terminus in common with that company, it is at least under serious consideration. The part of the railway near Orleans crosses the Fauxbourg Bannier on embankments, and a bridge is to be constructed to cross the highway from Paris to Or leans. This bridge, which is not yet commenced, will be of such magnitude as to occasion considerable delay. After passing the Fauxbourg Branier the line is bifurcated ; one branch joins the Orleans station, and the other meets the Paris and Orleans at nearly three-quarters of a mile from the latter city. The body of workmen employed on the earthworks does not seem to be so well organised as to give the best result ; thus all the earth is removed by means of tumbrils, each drawn by three horses, which could drag a tenfold weight with waggons moving on Tem porary rails. In conclusion, the works still un finished between Orleans and Tours are sufficiently advanced or unimportant to allow of the expectation that the opening of the line may take place in 1845, on the anniversary of the day of adjudication. The greatest, and indeed almost the only serious difficulty, lies in procuring the requisite stock, but this will probably be surmounted by proper arrangements. As for the rails, by dividing them among various manufactories, they might be obtained in time to commence laying them in the beginning of 1845. It is to be hoped, therefore, that the month of October, 1845, will witness the opening of the Bordeaux line. —Railway Chronicle. (From Second Edition of the Railway Record.) Much misc inception exists with respect to the terms of the lease of this line, mainly owing to the malice of disappointed parties, but in some degree also to want of accurate information on the subject. We believe we are within the mark when we say there is not one English Shareholder in a thou s and who has any clear, well notions respecting the laws and regulations relating to these French lines, nor in what they differ one from another ; for it is no less singular than true, that almost all are based upon different constitutions, as far as they have yet obtained the sanction of the Legislature ! What may be done in the coming session of the French Chambers, it is impossible to predict—except this, that the terms that might have been obtained by companies during the last two years will never be offered to them again. The Government and the public are beginning to be aware of the value of an important main trunk line of railway, when one-half, or rather three-fifths, of the whole cost is borne by other shoulders than those of the Shareholders. For the information, then, of those who have not seen, or do not know the law, or the Cahier des Charges relat ing to this line of railway, we will just state that the works at the charge of the State on the section between Orleans and Tours are nearly finished, and will be deli vered over to the Company almost immediately, to enable them to commence the upper works and provide the carrying stock. The Government takes six years to construct the remaining portion of the whole, that is, at the cost of the State, between Tours and Bordeaux, where the ground is not yet broken. The Company are allowed two years after the final delivery to them by the Government for completing the upper works, and getting their currying stock together, so as to be ready to open the whole line to the public ; and, lastly, the lease will date only from the end of the two years so allowed to the Company. Thus a lease, in the terms of the law relating to this railway, is, in point of fact, a lease for 27 years 278 days, plus 6 years of construction by the Government, plus 2 years of completion and stocking by the Company, or 35 years 278 days, of the 72 miles between Orleans and Tours, and the successive sections of the line that may be brought into operation before the whole is completed. Now, the section between Orleans and Tours, the connecting link with the Paris and Orleans Railway, is by far the most productive of the whole line, and will yield about one-half of the whole revenue, while it is not quite one-fourth of the distance. Tours is a point at which concentrates all the traffic of the west and the southwest of Franca to and from Paris, which is itself more than the mere capital of the kingdom, in consequence of the sys tem of centralisation which prevails in the government of that country. We hear that the Company are about to arrange with a firm of contractors of known and tried ability, for the completion and stocking of the whole line, i ready to be opened to the public, and tis expected at a figure that will leave a good margin still on the capital of the Company. This would be a most gratifying ope ration for the Shareholders, because it would reduce the sufficiency of the capital to a positive certainty, while it would relieve the Directors also from all anxiety about extra Bills, and greatly lighten, in other respects, the most onerous and disagreeable part of the labours of a Board of Directors—that which precedes the opening of a railway. The section to Tours, we are assured, will be opened in the autumn, if not in the summer, of next year, at a cost of not exceeding W. per share, and will yield at least 15 to 18 per cent, on the capital expended upon it. We understand that the Directors will make an official report to the Shareholders immediately after the royal ordonnance shall have been obtained ; and lay fully be fore them those statistical details, which, with the pru dence that has characterised all their management, they thought proper to withhold from the public while the conditions of the lease were yot matter of discussion in the French Chambers. The ordonnance will probably issue soon after the return of the King of the French to Paris. His Majesty will reach St. Cloud this day (Sa turday, the 19th instant). In the meantime, witho u t preten di ng t o know what precise combination thi s company h av e employed to ensure to their Sharehold ers t h e mat h ema ti ca l c ertainty of the repayment of the whol e ca pit a l a t the expiration of the lease, we call the atte n ti on o f a ll men o f business to the fact that the operation of a progressive sinking fund, averaging not more than 14 per cent. on the capital, im proved at 4 per cent, compound interest, will extinguish in 34 years just 56,759,545 E of that of this company, leaving only little more than 8,000,000 f. to be provided for by the valuation of the stock, materials, and stores, to be paid to the company at the expiration of the lease. The probable value of this plant will be at the least from 8,000,000 f. to 10,000,000 E, at a depreciation of 50 per cent. on the first cost. Thus it is clear that if the lease were but for 34 years only, the term would be sufficient to liquidate the capital in the manner just stated. RAILWAYS IN CORNWALL. , (From the West Briton.) CORNWALL RAILWAY.—We are informed that the success which has attended this undertaking since the prospectus has been issued, is most satisfactory, and that from the application for shares, which are upwards of 40,000, the greatest difficulty the Provisional Committee will experience, will be to give satisfaction to the appli cants, to whom it will be impossible to allot the number of shares for which they have applied. It will be ob served that the names of several influential gentlemen are added to the Provisional Committee this week, and it is said that confidence in the accomplishment of this great measure is greatly strengthened. It is also stated that there is nut the slightest foundation for the statement which has appeared in the columns of a Contemporary that the associated companies have given encouragement to the promoters of a central line. On the contrary, it is said that those companies are satisfied, as are the Committee of the Cornwall Railway, that the south line is the only practicable line, and, therefore, the line to ob tain which their utmost exertions should be directed, and that of the result of those exertions they entertain not the slightest doubt. CORNWALL CENTRAL RAILWAY.--A meeting of the leading solicitors of the county attending the Quarter Sessions at.Bodmin, was held at that place on Wednes day evening, on the subject of this railway. As the meeting was strictly a professional one, we are unable to give a detailed report of what took place ; but we un derstand that the immediate object of the meeting was to consider whether the projected central line had as yet assumed such a shape as to entitle it to support as a practicable undvrtaking. The result was an unanimous decision that there was no longer reason to doubt the necessary funds for carrying it into effect would be forthcoming. A requisition is in course of sig: nature to the Mayor of Bodmin to call a public meeting in that borough to take into consideration the best line of railway through Cornwall, and re questing him to forward a copy of the requisition to the Members for the borough, to ask the favour of their attendance at the meeting on Thursday next. We are informed that a meeeting is also to be held, on Wednesday next, at St. Columb, and that preparations are being made in other towns of the county for holding similar meetings in favour of a central line of railway through the county. WEST CORNWALL RAILWAY.—On Wednesday last a public meeting was held in the Guildhall, St. Ives, to consider the propriety of applying to the West Corn wall Railway Company to extend a branch of their railway to that town. John Chellew, EN., mayor, was in the chair, and W. T. Praed, Esq., M.P., with most of the influential gentlemen and merchants, attended the meeting. Several resolutions were entered into, and a deputation was appointed to wait on the Committee to carry the measure into effect. THE NEW HOSPITAL AT BROMPTON.—The Com mittee of the Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest have just received the splendid donation of one hundred and sixty-two guineas, collected as a testimonial to the memory of John William Bowden, Esq., of Wim bledon, who died of abscess of the lungs a short time since. - - , THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MOANING OCTOBE,R 21 I DR. WOLFF'S APPEAL TO THE MONARCHS OF EuROPE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,---The appeal of Dr. Wolff on behalf of the 200,000 persons held in cruel bondage by the King of Bokhara, seems to me to be a matter of vast im portance to the civilised world, if not of disgrace to some portion of it, for suffering the monster so long to revel in his scenes of bloodshed. It would seem that he seizes with impunity all foreigners entering his dominions, for if (as it appears) poor Stoddart made himself amenable to the laws of the tyrant, we hear of no reason for detaining and maltreating Dr. Wolff. Whether the nations of Europe would not do well to respond to the case of Dr. Wolff (making a holy and Christian use of their standing armies, by convincing the barbarous rulers of the earth the duties they owe to humanity, the rescuing of the 200,000 slaves being not the least important object, and thus throwing the great light of civilisation into the dark corners of the earth), remains to be shown (I trust by that powerful engine of free countries, the press). Hoping that Englishmen will not allow the matter to rest where it is, I remain, Sir, Your obedient servant, R. J. R. MUNICIPAL REGISTRATION, NOTTINGHAM. FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) The nicely-balanced state of parties in Nottingham, and the active measures taken by the leaders on each side, render any information interesting which has a tendency to show how the municipal conflict on the Ist of November will terminate. There are now in the Town Council —of councillors, twenty-two Liberals and twenty Tories ; of aldermen, fourteen Liberal:, seven of whom retire next month. The town is di vided into seven wards, in each of which the two parties are nearly equal in number, owing principally to the number of Swiss, who make the most of their votes, and who generally incline to the weakest side, for the purpose of raising prices. Of the fourteen councillors who retire on the first proximo, twelve are Liberals and two are Tories, and that party which can succeed in returning eight members, or win four wards, will have a majority in the Council, and will consequently be enabled to elect the seven aldermen from their own party. This was perceived at the close of the last elections, and from that time both parties have been in the field, keeping the town in a constant state of excitement. No scheme which could gain a point has been left un tried. The Tories for months have been engaged in paying rates for the lower class of householders, for the purpose of enfranchising them, upon the promise that their votes should be at the disposal of their pay masters ; and it is possible the Liberal party have been compelled to imitate this example. Such a sys tem of machinery has been at work during the whole year, on each side, as never before was brought to bear in municipal matters. All this created much excitement and expectation at the recent municipal revision, and every exertion was used on each side to gain a majority on the register. On the Ist instant; the mayor and assessors, Messrs. Coope and Cowley, met in the Town Hall, to commence the revision of the municipal lists. Mr. John Buttery, jun., assisted by Mr. Bowley, as advocate, appeared on behalf of the Tories, and Messrs. Moore and A. Wells, assisted by Mr. M. Browne, as advocate for the Liberals. The list of claims was first entered upon, and occupied the Court until Wednesday, the 9th. The objections were then proceeded with, and occu pied the Court until Monday evening, the 14th. On the following day the mayor and assessor were en gaged, until three or four o'clock in the afternoon, calling over and completing the lists. The result of the revision is, that, on the claims, Liberals have a majority of twenty-one, 128 being substantiated by the Liberals and 107 by the Tories. Owing to the informality of Gurney's objections for St. Ann's, Byron, and St. Mary's wards, the Conservatives suc ceeded in retaining on the lists many who would otherwise have been struck off. The number ex punged by the Liberals was 100, by the Tories, 189. Many were struck off the lists who supposed they had paid all their rates, but who were found, upon calcu lation, to have paid all but a few pence; thus they lost their votes by the carelessness or partisanship of the collectors. Since the termination of the revision the Liberals have worked well in the various wards, and the canvas gives them good hope of a successful result, notwithstanding a most unblushing and exten sive system of bribery adopted by the Tories. Some of the candidates talk of spending many thousands ! and no doubt they will do so. TIIEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE.—This noble estab lishment is night after night thronged with beauty and fashion, and the entertainments are in every way worthy of the patronage bestowed upon them. The Bohemian Girl, and the Corsair, with the delightful performance of Mademoiselle Dumilatre, crowd the house whenever they are played. To their attraction has been added that of the Syren, and on Wednesday next, the Revolt of the Harem will be revived, with the great splendour belonging to it, for the purpose of introducing Mdlle. Plunkett, whom our readers will recollect as being one of the greatest favourites at the Opera-house, during its last two seasons, and as giving every promise of becoming a first-rate dansense. BRISTOL SUGAR MARKET, OCT. 18.—The raw sugar-market has been quiet this week, and the tran sactions have been unimportant ; former rates are about supported, and fine descriptions con tinue scarce. The first cargo of Valentia raisins has arrived here during the week ; the quality is very indifferent, and the fruit small ; but as the stock of old raisins was completely exhausted, the buyers are taking a few to supply immediate wants at 48s. to 515., fully expecting, and with reason, that prices, with the imports, must decline several shillings.—Bristel Mercury. DEATH OF A POACHER, WHILST IN SEARCH OF GAmE.—An inquest was held on Wednesday evening. at Northern Etchells, Lancashire, on the body of a notorious poacher, named Joseph Henshall, aged twenty six, who died from the loss of blood, occasioned 1:y the accidental discharge of his own gun, whilst poach ing on the Sabbath-day. The case excited considerable interest amongst the agriculturists and the neighbour hood, from the circumstance that the family of the un fortunate deceased had suffered considerably in conse quence of offending against the game-laws, a brother of the deceased having been hung at Chester, about fif teen years ago, for au attack upon one of Lord Stam ford's gameke( pers at Dunham Massey, in this county. During the present inquiry many questions were put to the witness by the coroner and jury as to the observ ance of the Sabbath by the families of the labouring population among whom the deceased lived, and whe ther the clergymen, of whom there were two (the rector of Northern, and the incumbent of Ringway Chapel of ease), were in the habit of visiting the houses of the inhabitants for the purpose of instructing them as to their duties on the Sunday. The resident mi nisters of the 'Wesleyan body of Christians were alluded to with the object of showing a neglect of their spi ritual duties amongst the labouring poor. It was ad mitted that the deceased's father had resided in the township near forty years, but had been visited only once by either a clergyman or a minister of the gospel ; and that none of the family had been in the habit of attending a place of worship. We extract the follow: hug evidence :—" David Pilgrim, a small farmer, said— I was at llenshall's house on Sunday morning last, and went out with deceased, who said he would look if he could see a hare. I told him where I had seen a hare, and he said, I'll take thy gun and fetch the hare.' 'We were at my house then, and my wife said, Dunna take it, Joe, there'll be summat amiss ; ' and my daughter also desired him noti to take it. Deceased replied to the latter, Do thee hold thy noise, it's nout to thee.' Ile pulled the gun in pieces, gave the stock to me, and put the barrel up the side of his jacket. We then went across a field of mine, where I gave him the stock, and left him. I met Broadhurst, the gamekeeper, and walked w ith him. Did not hear any report of a gun. I have got my gun back; it was found in the same field where I parted with deceased. I don't go regularly to any place of worship; but my family sometimes go to Ringway Chapel." OLD WOMEN EXCLUDED FROM PARADISE.—The greatest and best of men (may the Almighty shower on his head the most abundant blessings!) sometimes jolted, but seldom; and when he allowed a pleasantry to escape him, it was sure to be in an adroit and indirect manner, and he never departed from strict truth. It is told of him, that he one day said to an old woman, " At the day of resurrection no old woman shall enter Paradise." The old woman, very much troubled, said in a sorrowful tone, " Oh, prophet of God, what faults have we poor old women committed, that we should be deprived of the happiness of entering Paradise?" The elect of God (may all heavenly blessings repose on him!) smiled, and withdrawing the ruby veil which hid the pearls of his teeth, said, " The Creator, may He be glorified! will make all the old women young again, and will thus in troduce them into Paradise."—From Captain Pidding's Chinese Olio and Tea Talk, No. 25. NEWSPAPERS THROUGH THE POST-OFFICE.-- Complaints are continually being made that papers sent by the post are frequently lost, and it may not be amiss to state that the following order on the subject, as di rected by the Postmaster-General, the Earl of Lons dale, will be periodically issued by the authorities, as a caution to letter-carriers and others—" General Post office—The complaints on the subject of missing newspapers, stated to have been committed to the post, continue to be so numerous, that al though the Postmaster-General is satisfied that much of the irregularity complained of arises from causes beyond the control of the Post-office, his Lordship thinks it expedient that every one engaged in the Post office service should be made acquainte with the 32d section of the Ist Victoria, cap. 30, by which it is pro vided,—that every person employed in the Post-office who shall steal, or for any purpose embezzle, se crete, or destroy, or shall wilfully detain or destroy in course of conveyance or delivery thereof by post, any printed votes or proceedings r or any printed newspaper, or any otler rintcd paper whatever sent by the post without covers, P or in covers open at the sides, shall, in England or Ireland, be guilty of a misdemeanour, and in Scotland of a crime and offence, and being con victed thereof, shall suffer such punishment by fine or imprisonment, or by both, o the Court shall see m meet." And his Lordshi p further desires it may be distinctly understood that every individual, acting in any capacity in the service of the Post-office, who shall be guilty of such an offence shall be prosecuted with the utmost rigour of the law. EXTRAORDINARY CHARGE OF DEER STEALING. WORCESTER, WEDNESDAY EVENING.—A very ex traordinary charge of deer stealing (which, from the respectable position which the accused occupy in so ciety, and the circumstances which brought it to light, has excited considerable astonishment in the neighbourhood) has been tried to-day at the quarter sessions for the county, before Mr. J. S. Pakington, M.P., the Chairman, and a full bench of magistrates. The accused parties are too highly respectable farmers residing at Kyre, named Ephraim Swan and John Patrick, who were charged with having, on the 21st of August, 1844, feloniously killed and stolen a buck deer, in Kyre Park, the property of Mr. William bacon Childe. The prisoners had been admitted to bail, and on being called into court, they immediately surrendered and entered the bar. They were ar raigned in company with other prisoners, and pleaded " Not Guilty," in a firm but respectful voice. Mr. Whitmore appeared as counsel for the prose cution ; and Mr. Lea and Mr. Huddlestone for the prisoners. Mr. Whitmore opened the case in a very temperate speech, and detailed the facts as he subsequently proved them in evidence. The offence, though charged to have been committed in August, 1843, would ap pear not to have been discovered, or at least disclosed, until twelve months afterwards, when a boy named Gearge Passey made a statement to the effect that he had seen the deer hunted and killed by the prisoners. The Learned Counsel then proceeded to call witnesses. The first witness examined was Mr. Thomas May lett, the park-keeper of Mr. Childe, who deposed that in July, 1843, he noted a certain dark-coloured buck among the herd of deer in Mr. Childe's park for killing, but missed the deer on looking for him some time afterwards. About the same time George Passey was employed, by witness's permission, in gathering sticks in the park. At the end of August witness observed that the fern growing near to a maple tree, at the outskirts of the park, not far from the residence of Swan, had been pressed down, as if something heavy had been dragged over it, and upon one of the park palings near was some " fens," or deer's hair, and a little blood. In his cross-examination the witness admitted that the deer often strayed from the park and leaped the fence. Both the prisoners had assisted him to kill deer, but he had never gjypn them permission to kill deer in his absence. >II was on good terms with both of them. George Passey, ahtly:itbout fifteen years of age, was next examined,-ImOipon his evidence the case entirely depended. jle'deposed that abont the time of the corn harvest—he could not recollect more pre cisely—he was employed in gathering sticks in Mr. Childe's park, when he saw the prisoner Patrick driv ing the deer. He got up into a tree and watched him. After a time he left them, and was absent for a short time, when he returned in company with Swan, who drove the deer towards Patrick, the latter having stationed himself in a particular part of the park, near to where the witness was concealed. Patrick now had a gun, and when the herd approached him he fired, and a dark-coloured buck fell. Both prisoners then ran up, and, having cut the animal's throat, dragged the carcase along the pass until they got to the park paling, and, lifting it over, proceeded in the direction of Swan's house. This transaction took place in the broad daylight; indeed, from the witness's statement the deer must have been shot about noon. Soon afterwards he went home to dinner, and then told his parents what he had seen, but nothing more was said of the circumstance until about a twelvemonth afterwards, during which time Passey was taken into Mr. Maylett's service, and then the matter was disclosed. This witness was under examination a long time, and prevaricated in a slight degree. William Benbow, a carpenter, occasionally em ployed by Mr. Maylett, corroborated that portion of Mr. Maylett's evidence relative to the fern being pressed down in the park, and the evidence of deer's hair on the paling. Taylor, an inspector of the Worcester county con stabulary, proved, that on apprehending Swan he said, " I did not kill the deer." He also spoke to the situa tion of localities described in the evidence of the boy Passey. Mr. Lea then addressed the jury at some length for the prisoners, calling attention to the defective nature of the evidence has it had been laid before them. He charged the whole affair as a conspiracy, and ob served that no date had been fixed which would have given the accused an opportunity of better clearing themselves from the charge. The Learned Counsel dwelt at some length on the statement of the boy Passey, and especially pointed out certain prevarica tions and contradictions therein. Remarking on the fact that the boy's statement had not been made until after he had entered the service of Mr. Maylett, the park-keeper, he suggested that it might have origin ated in a spirit of ill-feeling, engendered against one of the accused, who occupied a piece of land in the centre of Mr. Childe's preserves. The learned counsel then called a number of wit nesses to character, all of whom spoke highly of both prisoners, and especially of S wan. The CHAIRMAN then addressed the jury, and drew their attention to the leading points of the evidence. The prisoners' counsel had suggested that the state ment of Passey was incredible, and they would have to consider whether there were any grounds for such discredit, and also how far his evidence was sup ported by that of other witnesses. As to the position in life which the prisoners occupied, he told them that they would have to consider that feature in the case in precisely the same manner as they would a good character, but not further. In the same manner as evidence of previous good character would weigh in a case of doubt, so would their elevated position in life. The jury, after about a quarter or an hour's de liberation, found a verdict of Not Guilty as regarded both prisoners. On the verdict being returned there was a slight ebullition of popular feeling, some of the audience ex pressing their approbation by clapping their hands. COLLIERY EXPLOSION. TWO LIVES LOST.—On Wednesday night, about nine o'clock, the village of New ton was thrown into a great state of excitement, an alarm being given that the pit belonging to Messrs. Nlicklethwaite and Co. had fired, and that four men were at work at the time. Providentially the cupola man and a boy, who were at work near the other two men, had made their escape to the pit's eye, and were with the greatest dispatch landed on the surface. The man had not sustained the least injury, but the boy was much burnt about the knees, having also received a severe cut in the forehead. The other two men were found both dead. A little after one o'clock the bodies were brought up, and a truly horrible picture was then presented to view, the flesh on their arms and faces being literally burnt to a cinder, the skin hanging about them like so many rags ; they were immediately laid upon stretchers. and conveyed to the adjoining inn, there to await the Coroner's inquest, which was held yesterday at the house of Joseph Gosney, Vine Tree Inn, Newton. No particulars have as yet transpired as to how the explo sion originated, but it is to be feared that the sulphur must have ignited at the lamp of one of the sufferers, the sam6 not having yet been found. The other two lamps are in a perfect state. The names of the sufferers are John Whiteley, a lad, residing at Bragg-lane, and severely burnt ; James Brown,wWestgate-common, a married man, aged about thirty, dead ; and George Wild, of Potovens, aged seventeen, also dead. Brown has left a wife and one child to mourn his untimely end. The pit continued on fire yesternight, the sulphur hav ing ignited the coal. At the inquest the jury returned a verdict of " Accidentally killed in a coal-pit. '— IVake fiekl Journal. CHATHAM OCTOBER 18.—TheMenelaus Lazeretto was put out of dock this day, having had her rudder fixed, arid otherwise prepared for being navigated to Portsmouth. The African and Monkey steam-vessels are waiting to take her away to Portsmouth. She is ordered to leave to-morrow. The Eagle, 50 guns, ad vanced ship, was taken into dock on Thursday, the 17 th instant, to be rigged, she having previously got a portion of her tanks on board. The whole of her gun-carriages, besides her ballast, aro all on board. The Trafalgar, 120 guns, was navigated to Sheerness on the 13th instant by the African and Monkey steamers. The Thunder surveying vessel, C. Barsett, still remains in dock, making good her defects and fitting for sea. She will be fully completed this week, when sho goes out. The Diligence, naval transport, Martin master, lies alongside the dock, discharging her cargo of stores. HELE STATION.—The new line of road from Sid mouth to the above station (and not Collumpton, as has been frequently stated in the newspapers), has been com menced in several places, and is proceeding with great spirit, and from the respectability and experience of the contractors, is very likely to be completed in a short time. The sidework of this station is also completed, where coals and goods are to be had for the neighbouring parishes.— Western Times. THE RAILWAY WORKS IN PROGRESS.—The great est activity prevails on the line of rail, more parti cularly between this town and Ely, and from the country through which it passes presenting no very great engineering difficulties, the progress in the works is most rapid. From the Chesterton side of the river, on towards Ely, the road for the recep tion of the rails is being rapidly formed ; the a _ apt oi ed l immediately adjoining Chesterton is admirably. adapted fur the purpose, gravel • at Waterbeaeh, and for immediately below the surface , of men arc em ployed,some distance where a great number to any quantity being found avel has to be couvey - et an immense quantity of gr procuring from land the soil is very soft and fenny, to remedy whiel i i there, which the contractors are There will be and Ely , and three bridges over the river between here purchased by them for the purpose. the necessary preparations for their erection are rapidly progressing; a massive frame-work is completed for the purpose at the crossing near Sturbiteh-green. At Paper Mills, where the line crosses the turnpike-road, s s u . r e Workshops, d : areoot tsubstan tiallyab stables,ouris the old way is stopped up for the erection of a viaduct and every under which ,otel teehrreye trainsohl,econvenience devicei enfoc will for the t p rhe a eg and novisiting the shortening put in requisition,) ,ae progressing. o r works ca n have lis failed to notice how rapidl o y ne th confidently expected that - very early in the spring the line will be opened between Cambridge and Ely.—Cton bridtfc Chronicle. THE ItATAN AFFAIR. The investigation into the Ratan affair, by which Sam Rogers, the j4ckey, and a Mr. Braham, his friend, living at Newmarket, are charged, with other professi mal betting men, of laying large sums against the horse to procure its defeat, has been entered into by the stewards of the Jockey Club at Newmarket. The inquiry has originated in a joint letter from Cap tain Rous and Lord George Bentinck to the stewards, and the examination commenced on Tuesday. The court consisted of the Marquis of Exeter, Lord Strad broke, Colonel Anson, the Duke of Beaufort, and Colonel Peel. The public press on the occasion were refused admission, an intimation being given that the stewards had employed a short-hand writer of their own from the office of Mr. Gurney, and they should hereafter publish what portions of the evidence they deemed expedient. Captain Rous opened the case, stating the facts simply as they had come to his knowledge.—Lord Gearge Bentinck entered into the entire history of the case, drawing deductions, and showing the neces • city for inquiry. It is understood that Rogers, in the first instance, voluntarily went to Mr. Crockford, and stated that overtures had been made to him to lose the race, and that, impressed with a belief that if he did not appear to accede, the parties who held out the temptation would find some other means to attain their end ; he had agreed to lay 10,0001. to 2,0001. against the horse, and signed his name to this bet on the solicitations of a Mr. Braha'n, in the book of Mr. Ives, a gentleman well known in the betting circles, and that, subsequently, other bets had been made against the horse, on his account, by a gentleman named Crommelin, at and after the Chester Meet ing, to win a stake, if the horse lost, of 1,0001. — The inducement of Rogers to make this statement is not known. By some the confession of the circum stance is attributed to anonymous letters sent to Mr. Crockford, senior, which that gentleman sent to Rogers's father ; while others assert that he made the disclosures of fear of discovery, and to gain protection should his guilt be discovered. The statement was then communicated to Lord George Bentinck, who, on the Wednesday following, publicly called over Sam Rogers's betting-book at Epsom, Mr. Ives being present. Lord George Ben tinck required, if any bet were not mentioned it might be claimed, but neither Mr. Ives, or any other person answered. Sam Rogers solemnly declared his inten tions to have been pure, and that he never would re ceise or pay if the horse won or lost; he at the same time made statements highly prejudicial to the bets made by Mr. Crommelin. Lord George Bentinck placed the fullest reliance on all these statements of Rogers, believing him to have been imprudent, but sincere and honest, and, under this persuasion, he permitted him to continue to ride for himself and the Duke of Richmond. His confidence in him was the firmer because, on oath before a Select Committee of the House of Lords, he denied that he had or was to receive any portion of the bets he had laid. Sub sequently Lord George Bentinck discovered that Rogers had departed from truth in many material points, and more especially that he had actually re ceived 1,6601., a fact disclosed by Braham, who ab sconded. Braham's story of the transaction was also quite at variance with Rogers's, and he owned that he himself had solicited Ives and Crommelin, through Stebbings, to execute the commission, assuring them that, however good the horse might be, he was in capable of winning the Derby; and further, that in stead of 10,000/. to 2,0001., the actual bet laid by Rogers, through him, to Mr. Ives was 5,000/. to 1,0001. With Ives the negotiation was made in Febru ary, with Mr. Crommelin not till the Chester Meeting. Messrs. Ives and Crommelin, in explaining on their part, said they had betted only on the firm belief they had in Rogers when he represented that the horse could not win, and they were both desirous of a full ex planation, so as to refute the calumnies against them. On the first day Sam Rogers and Braham were exa mined; and on Wednesday, Rogers was again called in, and followed by Mr. Crockford. Foster, a shoe maker, a friend of Braham, was next examined, after which Mr. Ives was called in, and entered into the most unreserved account of his portion of the transac tion. Some warm altercation ensued between Lord George Bentinck and Mr. Ives, and at last the court was cleared. On Thursday morning, Rogers, Bra ham, and Foster, as well as Mr. Ives, were recalled. At the evening sitting, Mr. Crommelin was called in, and entered into an account of his conduct from first to last, refuting what had been said in his disfavour. This led to the recal of Rogers, who said and unsaid, and equi vocated so palpably, that he was ordered to withdraw, and the impression in favour of Mr. Crommelin was general and conclusive. His defence, and the re examination of Rogers and Braham, lasted from five till eight o'clock. On Friday Mr. Ives was again called in, and Mr. Hill and Mr. Sadler were likewise examined. The evidence having been concluded, and there being no other witnesses in attendance, the court deliberated, and then adjourned the subject to Monday in the Houghton Meeting. In the interim the evidence is to be printed, in order that the wit nesses may read it, and if any fresh information can be offered, the stewards will be prepared to receive it. —Bell's Life. COPPER TANKS AT ST. HELENA. Some letters lately appeared in the Times, stating that the water supplied to the India ships touching at St. Helena contracted poisonous qualities, by being kept for a long time in tanks of copper. Some of the passen gers and crew of the Moffatt, from Bo:nbay, having been seized with severe symptoms, and of a suspicious character, the symptoms were attributed to the water being poisoned as above. This induced Messrs. Ma son and Dawson, the doct6rs professionally attending one of the parties, to institute an inquiry into the matter, for which purpose Dr. Venables, of St. Vin cent-place, Islington, an eminent physician, well versed in animal chemistry and toxicology, was re quested to undertake and assist in the investigation. The report is so far satisfactory, inasmuch as it nega tives the presence of copper in any form, the analysis showing that the water did not afford even a trace. A specimen, taken from an iron tank in which it was kept on board the vessel, held a large proportion of peroxide or rust of iron in mechanical diffusion. The peroxide, it is observed, was evidently derived from the rusting of the tank, and diffused through the water when agitated or disturbed. Otherwise it was found tolerably pure and wholesome, free from any bad taste or smell, specific g r av ity 1.0025, s li g htly acidulated with carbonic acid, and probably holding a trace of iron in solution. Some very useful obser vations upon the danger of using water kept in copper vessels follow. Thus it is stated :—Copper is not readily attacked by pure water, but under the joint influence of air and moisture it is corroded. By agi tation the crust becomes detached, and is diffused through the water. A fresh portion undergo es th e same process, and by a succession of corrosions, &c., the water may become strongly impregnated with a poisonous form of copper, which, by the agitation of the water in the casks communicated by the motions of the ship, will be mechanically diffused, and persons drinking it almost to a certainty poisoned. During cooking, too, the insoluble oxide may be rendered so luble, and thus converted into a st ill more active and speedy poison. Hence the propriety of doing away with copper tanks, if in use, and their replacement by others of a less deleterious nature, are strongly urged. The labours of Dr. Venables and his colleagues are a public benefit, and highly creditable to their zeal and , philanthropy. BELANEL—This notorious character visited this City within the last few days, for the purpose of proving the will of his unfortunate wife, in the Consistorial Court of the Bishop of Durham.—Durham Chronicle. SOUTH DiVON RAILWAY. The work for this railway is making considerable progress in St. Thomas by the contractors, Messrs. Carpenter and Co., who have the first six miles in hand. The Alphington-road will be crossed at the turnpike by a skew-bridge, the width of which will be 13 feet in the clear, the parapet walls will be three feet in height, and each 18 inches in thickness, giving an entire breadth of 16 feet. The public roadway under the main arch (which is to be 26 feet 'wide) will have an altitude of 16i feet, and there is to be a footpath seven feet in the clear. The viaduct by • which the railway is to be carried over the Old Okehampton-road and Cowick-street, which is fast approaching completion, will be of similar breadth and parapets as well as altitude with the Skew-bridge ; and the line of railway will occupy a clear width of 13 feet. A further and larger portion of the cliff at Dawlish has been removed by means of gunpowder. Mr. Brunel came down to superintend the operation, and many gentlemen, directors, engineers, &e., connected with the South Devon Railway, were present. The charge was the enormous quantity of 1,6001b5. of gunpowder, and the operation is stated to have been complete, an im mense portion of the cliff yielding to the power thus applied, and falling in minute fragments. The sea wall at the east end of Dawlish beach is now in course of construction. On the night of Tuesday all the trench executed for the foundations, which vary from 8 to 10 feet below the surface of the beach, was filled up. It is stated that the South Devon Company have consented to take 1,000 shares in the Plymouth and Tavistock line ; and also that hopes were held out to the Launceston deputation that their application would be favourably entertained. There can be little doubt that the object in view in these proceed ings have been to give encouragement to the line from Launceston to Plymouth via Tavistock, as the South Devon Railway thereby expect to "obtain a " feeder," and the formation of the Plymouth and Falmouth line simultaneously with the Plymouth and Launceston line, will make Plymouth the centre of the termini of all these railways.—Plymouth NORTH DEVON RAILROAD, via TIVERTON. (Abridged from the Second Edition of the Western Times.) An important meeting of the gentry of Tiverton and its neighbourhood, as well as the leading trades men of the town, was held at the Guildhall, Tiverton, Friday, October 18. The meeting was convened by requisition to the Worshipful the Mayor, W. H. Gamlen, Esq., "to consider the propriety of co-operating with the towns of Southmolton and Barnstaple for the purpose of extending the railway from Tiverton to the North of Devon, via Southmolton, and for taking such other means as might be necessary for endeavouring to secure to the country between Tiverton and Barn staple the advantages of railway communication." The meeting was most respectably attended. Among the gentlemen present we observed :—J. Heathcoat, Esq., M.P., W. Hole, F. Hole, H. Duns ford, A. Brewin, Rev. Carew, of Collipriest, Toms, J. Barne, F. 0. Patch, Bendel], W. U. Tripp, J. Loosemoore, Carew, Jun., Esqrs.; Messrs. Besley, Trix, Ellerton, Parkhouse, Paine, and indeed all the leading tradesmen of the town. The Worshipful the Mayor, W. H. Gamlen, Esq. having taken the Chair, Mr. HEATHCOTE, moved the adoption of the following resolution :—" That it is the opinion of this meeting that in the event of a railway being extended from the Bristol and Exeter line of railway to Barn staple and ~the North of Devon, the most desirable line in a mercantile, agricultural, and general point of view, is by the way of Tiverton and Southmolton, and that a memorial, expressing the opinion of this meet ing, be signed by the Mayor on its behalf, and imme diately forwarded to the Directors of the Bristol and Exeter Railway Company." The memorial was subsequently signed on behalf of the meeting by W. H. Gamlen, Esq., Mayor. Mr. F. 0. PATCH had great pleasure in seconding the resolution and the memorial, which were carried unanimously. A Committee was then appointed for the purpose of co-operating with the Committees at Barnstaple and Southmolton, in the furthering of this object. Colonel HARDING moved, and Mr. Alderman QUICK seconded, a vote of thanks to the Mayor, which was cordially carried. The MAYOR, in acknowledging the compliment, said it was the most influential, as well as nume rous meeting, which he had been called upon to preside over. NEWARK AND SHEFFIELD, OR SHERWOOD FOREST RAILWAY.-NEWARK, OCT. 12.—The railway mania has extended itself to this place, and a new line is projected. A railway meeting was held at Mansfield on the 4th instant, for the formation of a railway from Sheffield, at which place a junction is to be made with the Sheffield and Manchester Railway, and at Ashton and Staley bridge, with the Leeds and Manchester Railway, arid thence by Chesterfield and Manchester, to join the pro jected London and York Railway at Mansfield, and to be designated the Newark and Sheffield. or Sherwood Forest Railway. The gentlemen constituting the pro visional committee are both numerous and respectable. 13,0001. worth of shares were taken in the room.—Leeds Times. DREADFUL SHIEWRECK.—We understand that an other steamer has just gone down in the North Sea. She had only one boat, which was swamped by the des perate passengers crowding into her. We lament to state that among them were one Royal Duke, three Peers, and half-a-dozen Members of Parliament, with their wives and families. A later Account.—We are happy to state that there is no truth in the above para graph ; but when there shall be—when Dukes, and Peers, and Members of Parliament, go to the bottom with common people then—and it would seem not until then—will there be an Act compelling shipowners to carry boats of sufficient size to contain the crew and pas • se n gers.—Pune 'I'IIE BEST INCOME-TAX.—Dean Swift proposed to tax female beaut 3, and to leave every lady to rate her own charms. Re said the tax would be cheerfully paid, and very productive to a certainty. ' - PARLIAMENTARY PAFERS. FIRST REPORT OF THE COMMISSION-VW FOR INQUIRING INTO THE STATE OF LARGE TOWNS AND POPULOUS DI& TRICTS. We proceed at once to quote, from the interesting evidence of Dr. Southwood Smith, the following pas sages, as illustrating the almost inconceivable condi tion of wretchedness which prevails among a numerous community in one of the largest suburban districts of London : The evils which you descriLed in 1838 ne referable to these districts still continue, and with increasing viru lence ?—At the present moment with increasing' viru lence, certainly. The districts referred to contain a vast populatioil,. -- not in one part of London, alone, but in different parts of it, to which the same considerations apply ?—Th e - fever districts of the metropolis are situated in different parts of it ; and it is in accordance with ordinary ex perience to find fever raging in some of these districts, at the very time that others are enjoying a temporary immunity from it. In former years I have found, on my • personal examination, some localities in which there was not a single house in which fever had not prevailed, and in some cases not a single room in a single house in which there had not been fever. I observed this parti cularly in certain localities in Bethnal-green and White chapel ; now, during the present year, there has been very remarkable absence of fever in these its ordinary seats, while in other districts it has been more than come manly prevalent. Did you attribute that, in those districts, to bad drainage, or want of water, or some causes of that kind? —ln every district in which fever returns frequently, and prevails extensively, there is uniformly bad sewage, a bad supply of water, a bad supply of scavengers, and a consequent accumulation of filth ; and I have observed this to be so uniformly and generally the case, that I hare been accustomed to express the fact in this way. If you trace down the fever districts on a map, and then compare that map with the map of the Commissioners of Sewers, you will find that, wherever the Commissioners - of Sewers have not been, there fever is prevalent ; and, On the contrary, wherever they have been, there fever is comparatively absent. " This statement is made in your report—' It appears that the streets, courts, alleys, and houses in which fever first breaks out, and in which it becomes most prevalent and fatal, are invariably those in the immediate neigh bourhood of uncovered sewers, stagnant ditches and ponds, gutters always full of putrefying matter, night men's yards, and privies, the soil of which lies openly exposed, and is seldom or never removed. It is not pea- Ale for any language to convey an adequate conception of the poisonous condition in which large portions of - both these districts always remain, winter and summer, in dry and in rainy seasons, from the masses of putrefy ing matter which are allowed to accumulate.' Does much of that to which you refer still remain in the same state? —lt is essentially the same. I have very recently been over the same places with a distinguished foreigner, who takes an interest in the welfare of the humblericlasses, and who was desirous, his attention having been drawn to • these reports, to test their accuracy by a personal in spection of the places described. Before we set out on our visit he could not conceal that he thought the de scription exaggerated. From the cleanliness, neatness, and apparent healthfulness of the main streets and thoroughfares in London, he could not bring himself to believe that there could be large districts containing hundreds of thousands of the people allowed, year after year, to remain in such a neglected and poisonous con dition. It would be incredible,' said he, it would be unworthy of your state of civilisation, were such descrip tions true, even of a few isolated places; but when it is asserted that they are true of the localities in which s very large proportion of the population resides, I own I feel curious to see these places.' It so happens that the district over which I took this gentleman has been im proved in some respects since these reports were written. A common sewer has been made in the most densely crowded and filthiest locality; and the very worst place I ever saw, namely, Baker's Arms-alley, a narrow court in Rosemary-lane, Whitechapel, has been materially changed for the better, by the building of the Blackwell Railway directly through it. But these improvements relate only to a few of the larger thoroughfares ; the places most concealed from the public view, the most close, crowded, and filthy districts, remain wholly un altered. When my foreign friend saw these places, he admitted that the wretchedness of their condition had been understated—when he expressed his astonishment that a concern for the common safety had not induced the authorities to attend to the sanatory condition of these extensive districts, I told him (but he thought the statement scarcely mended the matter) that these places were as unknown to our legislators, to almost all our - people in power, as, an hour ago, they had been to himself. " Have you, from your experience in these matters, formed a strong opinion that fevers and other diseases to which the humbler classes in these populous districts are subject, might .be, to a great extent, removed by cleansing, draining, and improvements in building ? Every day's experience convinces me that a very large proportion of these evils is capable of being removed ; that if proper attention were paid to sanatory measures the mortality of these districts would be most materially diminished, perhaps in some places one-third, and in other places even one-half. " Are you aware that the rate of mortality is actually • found to be nearly double in some of the neglected dis tricts in the east, compared with what it is in the western - part of London ?—I am ; and this interesting and im important fact is dependent on several circumstances, and not on any one cause. Thus a larger proportion of the people who reside in the western part of London con sist of the wealthier, while the eastern part is prin at pally inhabited by the poorer classes. The higher value of life indicated in the western district is partly owing to • the better food and clothing of the wealthier classes, to their more temperate habits, and less exhausting labour, and especially to the better care taken of their infants and children, and, in general, to the more favourable circumstances under which infancy and childhood, the most precarious and mortal epochs of human life, are placed. But still the poorer classes, in these neglected localities and dwellings, are exposed to causes of disease and death which are . peculiar to them ; the operation of these peculiar causes is steady, unceasing, sure ; and the result is the same as if twenty or thirty thousand of these people were annually taken out of their wretched • dwellings and put to death, the actual fact being that they arc allowed to remain in them and die. I am now speaking of what silently, but surely, takes place every • year in the metropolis alone, and do not include in this estimate the numbers that perish from these causes in the other great cities, and in the towns and villages of the kingdom. It has been stated that " the annual slaughter in England and Wales, from preventible causes, of typhus fever, which attacks persons in the vigour of life, is double the amount of what was suffered by the allied armies in the battle of Waterloo." This is no exaggerated statement • this great battle against 's our people is every year fought and won ; and yet few take account of it, partly for the very reason that it takes - place every year. However appalling the picture pre sented to the mind by this statement, it may be justly regarded as a literal expression of the truth. lam my self convinced, from what I constantly see of the ravages of this disease, that this mode of putting the result does - not give an exaggerated expression of it. Indeed the most appalling expression of it would be the mere cold - statement of it in figures. " But great. as the mortality from these causes may be, - do you think the mortality alone includes the whole of the evil?—Certainly not; the number of people who die can be taken only as an indication of the much greater number who fall sick. The mortality, even of the London Fever Hospital, to which the worst cases of fever • in the metropolis are sent, is not, on an average of ten years, more than one in seven; in some years it is not more than one in ten or twelve, and, comparing the number attacked wil4 the number that die over the whole kingdom, the mortality would not, in ordinary, -- years, amount to one in twelve ; so that the number of - sufferers from this disease is at least twelve times greater than the number of persons that actually perish from it. " The classes of the population referred to are chiefly. - those occupied in labour; in case of their being affected • by fever they 'are, of course, disabled from obtaining sub- • sistence for their families?—This is among one of the most powerful causes of pauperism. The returns made in the year 1838 to the Poor-law Commissioners from the twenty metropolitan unions, in answer to queries! . sent to the medical officers, with a view to ascertain the actual prevalence of fever during one year, contained in • the several unions, as well as the number actually attacked with fever. From these returns it appears, that, - of the total number who received parochial relief in most - of the districts, a very large proportion received it in con- • sequence of their being ill with fever; but in one district, namely, St. George's, Southwark, out of 1,467 persons who received parochial relief, 1,276, that i§, the whole number with the exception of 191, are reported to have been ill with fever. This is an unusually large propor tion ; but these returns in general place in every striking point of view the pauperising influence of fever. " If this be the case, the power of the humble classes ,of miffing their bread and maintaining their familio extremely diminished by the neglect of sewage, ierg and cleansing which exists in these localitieesn?— ge thl Is a special reason "why it must be so,.th ek, though led which has been taught by large ex fi p e e e rlen te e very few: but knowledge has hitherto been con t d that t r o t or the mindthe f fact itself eN.e r is y bi s?:;li tf i oa ch mtih p li revail so • that you may ofthe persons who die at those . ch assume that three epochsfourt s o remarkablylegislator. acutei is established. diseases byto indubitabledi e °efvtilrenseccd,istehlasetsOf Nallciwthiet. which tl;eimhpuomratannftra, m pe e ri l o s d su o bj f ec h t u , m d a u n rin li g fe th w a h t ie v h an in a te bl r e : but rnos venes between puberty (when the dangers of infancy and childhood have . been passed) and old age—of an the - acute diseases which cut short this, the most precious part of the term of existence, and the only part of that term which it is in the power of human precaution and wisdom to extend indefinitely, fever is incomparably the most prevalent: so prevalent, indeed, that it may be said to be the disease of adolesence and manhood. I was - first taught this fact while making some researches intO• the cause and results of fever, derived chiefly from the records of the Fever Hospital, and as long ago as the year 1830 I published a table exhibiting the evidence of = it. I took out one by one the ages of all persons who - had died of fever in this hospital during the four years from 1825 to 1828, both inclusive, being the four years immediately preceding the year in which I was making the investigation." • • We are able to state, from authority, that one day next week a marriage will take place between the Hon. Horace Cochrane, second son of the Earl of Dundonald, and Mrs. George Carnegie, widow of the late George James Carnegie, Esq., nephew to the late Earl of Nor• thesk.—Court Journal. .1 ha the the we and vith era' lear . f the se o board nce l r this Door pared 0 the left ad, t° Wed'