The Sun. — London, England, 1839-09-19 00:00:00

EV EN, NIG 1-4114M0N. U VOYAGES OF THE ADVENTURE AND _ BEAGLE.-3 Vols. Colburn, London, 1839. (SECOND NOTICE.) On quitting Rio de Janeiro, where they had gone to collect stares, and make such repairs in their vessels as were needful, the crews of the Adventure Ind the Beagle returned to the Straits of Magellan, lin order to complete their surveys of the coasts in that chilly and inhospitable quarter of South Ame rica. When they leached Cavetano Island, whose inhabitants are considered by the sealers to be the most mischievously inclined of any in the Straits, or indeed in all Terra del Fuego, some of the ofti cers and men of the Beagle went ashore, when! they were eye-witnesses of the mode in which the natives cut up the blubber of s eals and porpoises. A piece of blubber, it seems is held in the left ba nd ; a corner of it is taken between the teeth. and it is then cut by a knife, " held underhanded," i nto strips backward and forward without p assin g the instrument entirely through, so that whit a tht operation is finished, the piece draws out into a l ung hand, about an hid' thick, formed by the con nected strips. " The whole affair, from first to last," saes Captain F.tztoy, " is most oEnsive to the sight ; and the countenance of the cal vit . is beyond description, for his eyes being directed ft, the blubber, squint shockingly, and give his ugb, face a most hideous appearance. The strip of blubber is next divided among the parts', each of whom proceeds to extract its oily juices by drawing it through his teeth, and sucking it ; after which it is warmed in the fire to facilitate its division into small pieces, which are swallowed or bolted without mastication. Morsels of this dainty food were g iv en, not only to the elder children, but even to infants at the' breast." While the Beagle was cruis ing about the Straits, and along the Patagonian coasts, its crew endured a world of haitiships, par ticularly from that dreadful complaint, scurvy, with which most of them were attacked, with more or less violen ce . Th ese hardships had a dreadful effect on the mind of Captain Stokes, the Com ' 1113n`er, as will be seen by the following ex tract:— Ott reac hing Port Famine , t he Ca p tain was anxious to p re I t o , Pare his vesse l f or anot h e r cruise, being very averse Le [tinning up our plans and returning to Monte Video, since a fi nd thou ght the crews, from utter disgust at the harthhips P ri vations they had endured, would not he persuaded to „go on another voyage, but that if they were to go to hili or Valparaiso to refresh, they might rec , .ver their st rength and spirits, and be willing to rene w the surve y , ‘ ll2 ich. however, hehim self seemed to dread, for he never Mentioned the subject without a shudder. He was evi dently much excited, and suspi c i on s arose in my mind that ell was not quite right with him. I endeavoured to pre vail on him to give his people a linger rest , but h e was t he snore anxious to make preparations. On the thirty •first of j duly he sent an application for provisions, and in the even ing I recei ve d a riote from him , which was written in his former usual flow of spirits. The officers, however, knew More of tho diseased state of his mind than he did ; and it Ras owing t ea hi nt g i ven t o me that I desired Mr. Tarnßas,° communicat e w i t h Mr. Bynal, and report to me whether Captai n S to k es ' s health was sufficiently restored to enable him to commence another cruise. This was on the first of August. The provisions had been sent, in compliance With his appli ca ti on , an d th e su rg eo ns were on board the Adventure, considering upon their report, when a boat Came from the Beagle, with the dreadful intelligence that Captain Stokes, in a momentary fit of despondency, had shot himself ! The surgeons instantly repaired on board, and finding him alive, had recourse to every means in their power, but without hope of saving his life. During the delirium that ensued, and lasted four days, his mind wan dered to many of the circumstances and hair-breadth escapes of the Beagle's cruise. The following three days he recovered so much as to be able to see me frequently and hopes were entertained by himself, but by no one else, that he would recover. He then became gradually worse, and after lingering in most ii,tense pain, expired on t'es morning of the twelfth. Thus perished an active, intelli gent, and most energetic offieer. , :in the prime of life, a victim to the severe hardships of the cruise." Among the papers found in Captain Stokes's cabin, after his death, was an account of his cruise among the Guianeco Islands, on the western coast of Patagonia, whither he went for the purposes of survey, while the Adventure remained behind in the stormy neighbourhood of Terra del Fuego. By the following extract which we subjoin from this account, it will he seen that the Ceptain had good cause for despondency : " Nothing could be snore dreary than the scene around us The lofty, bleak, and barren heights that surround the inhospitable shores, were covered, even low down their sidei, with dense clouds, upon which the fiercf. squalls that assailed us beat, without causing any change ; they seemed 44 immoveable as the tcountains where they rested. Around us, and some of them distant no more than two thirds of a cable's length, were rocky islets lashed by a tremendous surf; and, as if to complete the dreariness and utter desolation of the scene, even the birds seemed to shun its neighbourhood. The weather was that in which the soul of man dies in him. In the course of our service, since we left England, vve have often been corn.: pelted to take up anchorages exposed to great risk and danger ; but the Beagle's present situation I deemed by far the most perilous to which she had been exposed. Her three anchors were down in twenty.three fathoms of water, on a bad bottom of sand, with patches of rock. The squalls were terrifically violent, and astern of her, distant Only half a cable's length, were rocks and low rocky islets, " which a furious surf raged." Shortly after Captain Stokes's death, the Ad venture quitted the Straits, and made sail for Sea- Bea r B a y, which is situated on the eastern coast of Patag on i a , nearly opposite the Gutanco Islands. While staying here, Mr. Tarn, one of the officers, I n the course of an excursion into the country, ob- served a sail in the offing, which he thought was a whale boat, and supposing it might be in distress, he kindled a fire to attract attention. As the grass was very dry, the fire blazed furiously and spread rapid) , around ; yet without exciting fear that it would do any injury. The next morning, however, flames being observed on the crest of the hills, behind the valley in which the men had erected their tent, a boat was sent to save it and remove the instruments. The boat had just left the ship, when, fanned by a land breeze which rose with the sun, the flames flew on with rapidity, descended the valley, and before the boat reached the shore, had consumed every vestige of the tent, and several articles of minor consequence. Before the fire burned itself out, the whole country, for fifteen or twenty miles round, was completely overrun. Thi s sudden, extensive, and destructive conflagration, will remind the reader of a sornewhat similar catas trophe - in the " Pioneers," where the author describes the burning, by the casual droppinc of a spark from a pipe, of a considerable portion of an American prairie. The next Place at which the Adventure touched was the island of Chiloe, which forms part of the Chilian Republic, and which we are told, is not so well known ns it should be. Captain Fitzroy calls it the " Key of the Pacific," and thinks that it. will ere long he a place of first-rate importance. Ile gives us a minute and curious account of its chief town, fr om which we gather that it is an improving Place, abounding in mos; of the necessaries of lite. The seacoast provides the natives with air inex haustible store of shell-fish ; and the woods with Plenty of timber, particularly the aler,e tree, the I extraordinary straightness of whose grain enables the People to split it, so as to make it appear as if it had been dressed with an adze, or even with a plane. In this comparatively unknown island is found a large species of shell-fish called the " piure," which is, in all respects, a most remarkable animal. Thp body is about the size and shape of a small pear, an inch in diameter; or it may be described as a stnalj, conical, fleshy bag, of a red colour, filled with saline liquor, which is smooth without, and spongt Within. This curious production of nature is shut up in a firm but glutinous case ; is attached usually to rocks or stones under water ; and is eaten with much relish by the natives, boiled i or roasted in its shell. Its flavour is considered I equal to that of the lobster. " At Chiloe," ob i serves Captain Fitzroy, " the piure is said to be 1 a remedy for barrenness, and to such an extent has this idea prevailed, that a Chilote woman eating - this shell-fish, literally says, if asked what she isi doing, ' I am making children I' " Having finished their survey of the coasts in the neighbourhood of Patagonia and Terra del Fuego, which occu pied them upwards of two years, during which Period they encountered prodigious hardships, an d on more than one occasion had serious quarrels with the savages, the Expedition returned to England ; and soon afterwards set out again for the Southern shores of America. On their voyage there, they anchored off the island of Mocha on the the coast of Chili, where they arrived about the tim e of the 1835,great earthquake, which, in the y ear nearly destroyed the city of Concepcion, which is also on the Chilian coast, and committed a world of devastation. The following is an ani mated account of this appalling catastrophe, which, a s t h e d e i cription of an eye-witness, is full i of the deepest interest I " At ten in the morning of the twentieth of February, Very_ large ti g h ts of gea-fossl were d eedpassing over the ) City of C oncepcion from Ie old h sea - coast, D°coast, war inte rior ; and in e mind s oftowards the ted with the cli mate of Cdi inhabitants, well.acquai n . t oneepcion, some sur prize was exc ited by so unusual and simultaneous a change in the habits of those birds, no signs of an approaching storm being visible, Hor any expected at that season. About eleven, the qn-itherlv breeze freshened up es usual; the sky was clear and almost cloudless. At forty minutes after eleven, a s of an earthquake was felt, slightly at fist, but increasing rapidly. During the first half minute many persons remained in their houscs ; but then the con vulsive movements were so strong that the alarm be came general, and they all rushed into open spaces for at~ty. The horrid motion increased; people could hardly stand ; buildings waved and tottered. Suddenly an awful, ~verpo,sering shock caused universal destruction ; and in less than six minutes the city was in ruins. The 'twining noise of falling houses—the horrible cracking f the earth, which opened and shut repeatedly in numerous places—the heart-rending cries of the people —the stifling heat—the blinding, smothering clouds of dust —the utter helpleasness and confusion—and the extreme horror and alarm—can neither be deserib , cl nor fully iina- Ltined. This fatal convulsion took place about. two minutes After the first shock, and it lasted for the same time with orperl violence. Daring this period no one could rand unsupported. People clung to each other, to trees, or to posts. Sonic threw the on the ground ; but there the motion was so violent, that they were obliged to stretch out their arms on each side, to prevent being tossed over and over. The poultry t w ahout screaming wildly. Hors:s and other animals were greatly frightened, standing with their legs spread out and their heads down. tremblingly excessively. Ater the most violent shock ceased, the clouds of dust which had been raised by fallilL4 buildings began to disperse; people breathed more freely •tid t•- Ran to look shot rtoini. Ghastly an d se p u l c h ra l the sight. • Had the graves opened and given up their ,ead, their appearance could scarcely have b e en m ore shocking I Pale and trembling, they r•.n from place to aid many sernihd to be quite bereft of reason. Considerable shocks continued to harass and alarm at .hart intervals. Many of these, but not all, were preceded by a rumbling, subterratwan noi,e, like dis ant thunder. Some compared thir sound to the distant inicharge of many pieces of artillery. The cathedral, ►hose wales were four feet in thick•iess, supported by great buttresses, and built of good brick and mortar, suffered snore than other buildings. Women - .oohing in the river, near Concepcion, were startled by the sudden rise of the water from their ankles to their knees, and at the same moment felt the beginning of the convulsion. It was said that the dogs avoided the ruin by running away before it occurred. Of nine men who were r -pliring the inside of a church, seven were killed. One of hose poor fellows was half buried in the ruins during five days, with a dead body lying across him, through which it was necessary to cut, for his release. A mother, escaping with her children, saw one fall into a hole ; a wall close to her was tvttering ; she pushed a piece of wood across the hole and ran on ; the wall fell, covering the hole with masses of brick- work ; but next day the child was taken out unhurt. Another woman missed a child. She saw that a high wall was tottering, hut ran for her son. and brought him out. As she crossed the st-cot, the wall fell, but they were safe. When the tremendous crash came, the whole street, which she had just crossed, was filled up with part of the ruins of the cathedral I " At Talcahuano, the great earthquake was felt as se verely as in the city of Concepcion. It took place at the same time, and in precisely a similar manner. Nearly all the inhabitants escaped uninjured, but they had scarcely recovered from the sensations of the ruinous shocks, wht n an alarm was given that the sea was retiring I About half an hour after the shock, when the greater part of the popu lation had reached the heights,—the sea having retired so much that all the vessels at anchor were aground, and every rock and shoal in the bay was visible—an enor mous wave seen forcing its way through the western passage which separates Quiriquina island from the main land. This terrific swell passed rapidly along the western side of the Bay of Concepcion. It broke over—lashed along—and whirled about the sleppieg, as if they had been light boats—overflawed the greater part of the town—and then rushed back with such a torrent, that every moveable which the earthquake had not buried under ruins, was carried out to sea. In a few minutes the vessels were again aground, and a second great wave was seen ap proaching with more noise and impetuosity than the first. After some minutes of awful suspense, a third enormous swell was seen, apparently larger than either of t he two former. Roaring, as it dashed against ev ry °Wracle with irresistible force, it rushed, destroying and overwhelming, along the shore E trth and water trembled; and exhaus tion appeared to follow thase mighty efforts. Divine the remainder of the day and the fellow ing night, the earth was no! quiet many minutes at a time. It %vita lid, wet generally considered cerain, that every dog at Talcalin no had left the town before the shock which ruined the hiiiidings was Pit. The Captain of the Part, Don Pablo Delano, was on board one of. the whale ships near the town at the time of the ea-V - quite, with the hatches battened dawn. and dead-l.ghts shipped. All hands took to the rigging for safety. The first great wave came in un unbroken swell to the stern of the vessel, bra•ke over, and lifted her along without doing any material harm, more than sae...ping her decks. Whirling her round, the water rushed out to , eawaid again, leaving the vessel nearly in her former position, The twa next waves approached. end affected the shipping similarly to the for mer; all vrithstoed their force, though the light anchers were dragged. Many boats put off from shore before the sea retired. The fate of one little b was ex traordinary. A servant veninan had taken refuge with him in a boat. The boat was dashed against an an chor lying on the shore, and divided. The woman was drowned, but the half of the boat containing the child, was carried out into the bay It floated, and the boy held firmly. He was picked up afterwards, sitting upright, holding steadily with both hands, wet and cold, but unhurt I The boy's name is Hodges. His father is an Englishman, well known at Talcahuano, and was an officer in the British Navy. Two explosions or irruptions were witnessed while the waves were coming in. One in the offing, beyond the island of Quiriquina, was seen by Mr. Henry Burdon, and his family, who were then embarked in a large boat, near Tome. It appeared to be a dark column of smoke, in shape like a tower. Another rose in the middle of the bay of San Vincente, like the blowing of an immense whale. Its disappearance was followed by a whirlpool which lasted some minutes ; it was hollow, and tended to a point in the middle, as if the sea was pouring into a cavity of the earth. At the time of the ruin, and until after the great waves, the water in the Bay appeared to be everywhere boiling; bubbles of air or gas were rapidly escaping ; the water also became blank, and exhaled a most disagreeable, sulphureous smell. Di.ad fish were thrown ashore in quantities. They seemed to have been poisoned or suffecated. Black stinking water burst up from the earth in several places. Tho , o who watched the waves coming in, considered them, while beyond the shipping , about as high as the upper part of the hull of a frigate. or from sixteen to twenty feet above the level of the rest of the water in the Bay. Only those parts of the wave which encountered opposition broke, until within half a mile of the beach, when the roar became appalling I Strange extremes of injury and harmlessness were among the effects of these overwhelming waves. Buildings were levelled, heavy twenty-four pound guns were moved some yards, and upset ; yet a chili was carried to sea uninjured ; and window-frames, with the glass in them, were thrown ashore upon the island of Quiriquina without a pane being broken 1 Besides suffering from the eff' eta of the earthquake and three invading waves, the island of Santa Maria was upheaved nine feet. It appeared that its southern extremity was raised eight feet, the middle nine, and the northern end upwards of ten feet. At Tubul, to the tooth-east of Santa Merin, the land was raised six feet. At the island of Mocha the shock of the earthquake was so strong that people could not stand ; indeed this great convulsion was felt at all places between Chiloe and Co piapo ; between Juan Fernandez and Mendoza." To those among our readers who are p irtial to de tails of " hair-breadth escapes" by sea and land, in desolate, far-off climes, and among savage tribes, some of whose extraordinary habits and customs are now for the first time made known to us, these volumes will offer great attractions. They teem with wild, romantic incidents, penned in an easy, un exa., , gerated, picturesque style ; are emb?llished with a prAusion of clever etn , ravinys ; and illus trated with maps of the whole remarkable tract of coast that stretches along southern America from Patagonia down to the wind-swept Cape Horn, which breasts the waves of the mi , hty Pacific that ro,l in unbroken from the . Pole. But, afk r all, the izrcat recommendation of the volumes is. that they. constitute an authentic record of the indomitable coinage and ners , verance of the British seaman. Here, we find in almost every chapter, sttAing proofs o f that spit it which no dangers can affright, and of tLat dog ed resolution which no obstacles can divert from its course. VICTORIES OF THE BRITISH ARMIES, 2 Vors. Bentley, London, 1839. These volumes are lightly and pleasantly writt,o, by one who shows in every page that he is quite at home on military matters ; but they add little or nothing to our stock of knowledge on the sub ject of the late war in the Peninsula, and the crowning victory of IN aterloo, for Southey, Napier, Londonderry, Gleig, Hamilton, Scott, and a host of other writers have already exhausted the theme. Still the work before us will amuse the lovers of light literature, for it abounds in gossip, and anecdote, and slight pen-and-ink sketches of some of th e mos t di s tinguished soldiers of the last thirty years ; and ocensionally displays much g ra phi c power of description. The best porti on o f i t or that, at least, which will be the most popular—is that wherein the author des cr ib es t h e state o f B russe ls just previous to the bloody day of Waterloo ; the hurrying of the different re g i ments to t h e f ata l fi e ld ; the pre liminarydfence of, llonti attackalyt?mnorit ; uatre Bras ; the assault on, and and the last grand deci sive charge of the Guards and Highlanders on the Imperial G uar d o f F rance. All this is described withinfinite spirit an d m i nuteness. The deta il s o f the principal battles in the Peninsula, previous to Napoleons defeat at Leip s i c , are cop i ous, and to all appearances, rigidly accurate ; but we scarcely n N e a e l l . e ie d r. the T m after hevo the masterlylutnesareembenlalirsrialetic‘i•ewoitfhCsoelvoeirieall passable Plates. It is circulated at the clubs that Baron Brunow and Count Nesselrode have arrived in this country on a Imission relative to the affairs of the East. NAiioIsALLoAN FUND SuCIET Y. (From the Hull Observer). On Tuesday evening last, the Rev. W. J. But ler, M.A., Rector of St. Nicholas, Nottingham, delivered the first of two lectures announced to he given by him, in the school-room, Salthouse-lane, on the principles and benefits of this philanthropic Society. The Rev. J. Scott presided ; and after a few words from him on taking the chair, Mr. But ler came forward and delivered a very interesting lecture of nearly two hours' duration. He prefaced his remarks by saying that he was not in any way connected with the Society, the knowledge of the principles of which he was endeavouring to disse minate ; his lectures were quite gratuitous ; and he lectured solely from a belief of the great benefit which the Society would confer on the poor and in dustrious classes, if its plan was fully carried out. Mr. 13. said there appeared to him to be three great branches of public benevolence ; first, a poor-law, founded on merciful and just principles ; second, a national system of education, having religion for its basis ; and, thirdly, a good system of public invest ment. He then said, that savings' banks, though of treat benefit as places for depositing money, were not places of investment, on account of the small per eentnee given, and the limited sum allowed to be deposited. He ,lso advised the working classes not to join small sick•clubs, and other similar bene volent societies, for it often happened, that a person who had all his lifetime pa►d money to one of these societies, was, when in need of relief, obliged, by the scantiness of the funds, to have but a very inalequate sum to his wants ; or, which bad oc curred in many instances, the society had become insolvent, and the distressed member was left with out a farthing. Mr. 13. then showed the advan tages of the system of the National Loan Fund Society, and by various arithmetical computations, exhibited on what scale the annuities were granted. A man who, at twenty years of age, deposited ls. a-week, would, at fifty, be entitled to 201. a-year ; and, at fifty-five, to an additional 201. per annum. The depositors could, at any time, close their accounts with the Society, and withdraw two-thirds of their deposits. The lecture was not so nume rously attended as we had anticipated, there not being above one hundred persons present at the commencement ; during the lecture, however, the room became more crowded. THE PORTUGUESE SLAVE TRADE. M. F. T. Texugo, formerly Governor of Mozam bique, has addressed a letter to Mr. Fowell Bux ton, on this nefarious trade, which is still carried on by the Portuguese on the Eastern Coast of Africa. His objects are very commendable—to point out to Portugal the small importance of Mo zambque in a commercial point of view, and sug gest improvements. He imputes the coat nuance of the trade not to the Government, nor, indeed, to the Governor of these possessions, but to the inhabitant's and the official crew with which he is surrounded. In 1837 the Marquis d'Aracaty, a nobleman of excellent character, was sent to super sede Antonio de Mello, whose administration was so severely censured by Lord Brougham in the House of Lords, and he went out, says the writer, with the intention to carry into effect all the orders of the Government, and among the rest to put a stop to the slave trade, but he soon found himself in embarassments which he did not anticipate. " The leeches in office finding they could not pursue their old system, combined among themselves, and resolved to throw every obstacle in his way." And they were successful, He was obliged to yield, and allow the trade to go on, and about the beTinnitnz of the following year he died poor and broken-hearted. This respectable individual was an exception to the general run of Governors, who are generally persons in favour at Court, and are sent out with the avowed intention of making moue), regardless of the means. It would appear, from the sweinents of M. Texugo, that the Go• vernment at Lisbon and the Governor at Mozam bique have little or no power whatever, and that justice, or rather injustice, is administered accord ing to the pleasure of the magistrates and their friends, and that nothing can put down the slave trade in that quarter except a total emnge of the system. How that change is to be affected, the ex-Governor does not exactly point out, but he inti mates, in sufficiently intelligible language, that if the Lisbon Government do not look with a vigilant eye to Mozambique, it will not be long in their possession. Who would regret the loss, when we are informed that the system is promoted by the existing Government ; at all events, that they have an interest in it ; inasmuch, as on the arrival of d'Aracaty, in 1837, ten or twelve vessels sailed with full cargoes of slaves, after paying the duty of seven and a half Spanish dollars per head to the Crown, and three for the Governor's private purse ? These vessels carried from Mozambique inure than six thousand slaves. The following account of the treatment of these unhappy victims, drawn up by an ex-Governor, leaves no doubt as to the encouragement given by the Government to this in human trade, which is carried on there by all ranks and classes. " The slavers," says the writer, " take a house as near the sea as possible, roomy and se cure, which is called " feitoria," in order that they may smuggle on shore the most merchandizc they possibly can. It is requisite that the house should have a large yard, walled round, furnished with tanks, well supplied with rain water, Mozambique having no springs. " After these preparations are completed, they begin buying, when the inhabitants, for every body there deals in slaves, flock to the feitoria,' ac companied by parties of those miserable and un happy beings, of both sexes, naked, or almost naked. An examination now takes place, in the course of which the poor objects ate minutely scrutinized and obliged to undergo various trials to judge of their health and strength. Other prac tices, too revolting to humanity, are besides resorted to for the same purpose. If the dealers agree in price, which is from twenty to thirty Spanish dollars for a negro nearly six feet high, without defects and without beard, he is branded with a hot iron and sent to the yard. Here there are men with drawn swords, keeping watch in order to prevent escape. When a suffi cient numb er i s colleted, another me th o d i s ob served to ke e p th em i n good humour. Naturally the negioes look doll and depressed, and in order Co amuse them and made them take exercise, a drum, or some other rough instrument is procured, when they are obliged to dance and sing round the player. Of these ill-use,l beings those who are particularly strong men, or when the number is great, are kept with chains round their necks, fast ened to each other, which horrible mode of secur ing them is sometimes extended to their feet. " The supercargoes and dealers divide the negroes into classes, viz., Brutos and Ladinos. The first are those just brought down from the interior, who unfortunately are nearly in a savage state ; the se cond, those who can speak a littlePortugue‘e, and know how to do something, and who are of course more valuable. The latter have always passed some time as slaves in Mozambique, or sonic other settlement, their owners only disposing of them in case of being well paid, or when the slaves are. as their masters term it, vicious or ungovernable. Fur the last mentioned class I have seen as many as sixty Spanish dollore, or about thirteen pounds sterling paid. " To complete a cargo it generally takes a month, as the purchasers have first to sell the goodi they brought with them. so as to have money to buy the slaves, excepting when they bring specie, which enables them to finish the inv es t ment i n a muc h shorter time. They then clear th e i r cargoes at t h e custom-house, for which they empl o y a brok er , an d from the Government obtain all the requisite pass ports and papers." It is expected that a review and presentation of colours by the Duke of Wellington to the 45qi Regiment will take place at Windsra. on Wednesday morning next ; and as the grand Horticultural Exhibition will take place in the Royal gr unds at Frogmore in the afternoon of that day, when the Court will be present, we anticipate, should the weather prove favourable, ore of the gayest days Windsor has ever boasted of. —Berks Chronicle. WITTICISMS OF SIR HERCULES LANGRISIIE. .—Like the poetry of ancient heroes, the witticisms of Sir Hercules La , grishe have met with oral tradition. Some of them were strongly expressive of his national feeling. On one occasion, when riding with the Lord Lieutenant in the Phoenix Par k, his Excell ency complained of his pre dc t e r s Langrish e replied, " they were too m uch occupied in dra inin g the rest of the kingdom." On anot h er occasion, be , ng asked where could be found the ee andsso, best history of Ireland, he answered, " in the continuation of Rapin."—Lifa and Times of Henry end swampy asked state; w why they had l e f t the place i n such a Grattan. TIIF SUN, LONDON. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBKR 19, 1839. EXCELLENCE OF REPUBLICAN INSTITU TIONS. We quote from our Tory Contemporary, the Morning Post, of yesterday, the f o ll o wing erudite dissertation on the fieros of the Basque Provinces and Navarre, the perusal of which can hardly have filled the readers of the Post with less horror than Colonel Thompson's celebrated speech about the sight of Whitehall giving our British Sovereigns a " crick in the neck." The Post's admiration of King-craft is at bottom, we suspect, but very moderate. We yesterday noticed an arti cle in it ridiculing " Pornatum, curling-irons, and scalps," the very " leather and prunella" which constitute half our modern aristocracy, in the same page with the following manifestation of duo useless ness of Kings. This is being " Whig and some thing more Until the fourteenth century the three Basque Provinces of Alava, Guipuzcoa, and Biscay formed out of ancient Cantabria, and which neither the Romans, Goths, nor Arabs had conquered, re power. Confederated tog et h er , an d h ea ring upon indep en d ent o f a ll foreign mained completely their banner three bloody hands, with the motto kurakbat (the three make but one), they elected a Lord, who was either a native or a foreigner, and whose mere executive authority, was exercised but fur life, under the control of the national assemblies. It was in the year 1332 that the deputies of the provinces went and tendered to Alphonso, King of Castile, who was then at. Burgos, the title of Lord, con senting to its being henceforth annexed to the Crown of Castile. But the three little Vasco; wunyados) cation,, though they thus gave themselves a protector, did not part with their independence ; but, on the con trary, took especial care to make, in that respect, the most formal and solemn stipulations. Thus, in the treaty concluded between them and the King, they carried their jealousy and caution so far as to stipulate that the King should neither build nor possess within their ter ritory auy pueblo, fortress, or house. Their Fueros, which the King-Lord swore to maintain, concluded with the following article : " ordain that if any person, either a native or a foreigner, attempt in virtue of any mandate of our Lord, the King of Castile, to force any maa or woman, or vil lage or town, to any thing not admitted and approved of'hy the General Assembly, or detrimental to our rights, liberties, franchises, acid privileges, ho shall be forthwith disobeyed; if he persist, let him be put to death: " Titus the Basque Provinces connected themselves by the ties of vassal to Sovereign, with the kingdom of Castile, but without incorporating and mingling with it. " Since that period, down to our day•, they have re mained without interruption or change in this state of , xternal dependence and internal independence, of which the Roman cities, under the empire, had already set the example, and which transiently existed in the Swiss can tons when they lett to Napoleon the title of Mediator of the Helvetic Confederation. In other resp, czs there exist between the Basque provinces and Spain all the • differences, and all the barriers that can render two nations wholly separate and foreign to one another. The Vascon.:ados speak a language (El rascucnse and among them Eskora) peculiar to them—a prim' ti ve lan guage, derived neither from the Latin . nor the Celtic— which ha s n o more affinity with the Spanish than the Chinese, and which is so completely different that the Basques do not understand their neighbours, and are not understood by them. Their Fueres exempt them from the pintas, or conscription, which Spain levies in the other provinces. They are bound to no military service in time of war ; only, in compliance with the old feudal laws, they are obliged to rise en masse, in the event of an invasion, for the common defence of the country—a duty of which they nolny acquitted themselves in the me morable war of independence. The King is also permitted to send troops as garrisons to Irun and St. Sebastian. Nor do the provinces pay any money taxes to Spain. Two of them, Alava and Guipuzcoa, buy her sovereignty and protection by a tribute still called Alcabala; but this t ito all times f 4 r : 2 , Alcabala h as not var i e d i n amount since the treaty en tered int o w i t h Al p h onse XL, an d it i s even o f ridicu lous insi gn ifi cance . Th us G u i puzeoa p ays a contrihu n o f only t ab i o s u a t nc tO lt:rib ß ut i e s , ci vN iy .h h os a e s a e'do(:iOtserlifalfslr' o from this name too strongly reminds its generous people of vas salage and servitude. It owes nothing to Spain ; but it sometimes grants her voluntary donations (donativos), the amount of which varies according to the wants of the King, who solicits, while the generosity of the pro vince concedes. " Lotly, the exempted provinces are not subjected to any customs duties on this side, the fiscal province of Spain being not on the Pyrenees, but on the Ebro. On the other hand, they pay duties for the introduc tion of their produce and manufactured goods both ou the frontier of Castile and on that of France, and what completes their state of a foreign and independent people is, that they arc subjected to commercial pro hibitions, as well as the other countries of Europe. All commerce with America was at all times prohi bited them, and this prohibition still continues as regards the colonies which Spain still possesses. " The Basque Provinces are not less foreign to Spain as respects political manners and internal government. Whilst Spain became, under Charles V., and remained, since, an absolute Monarchy, the three provinces re tained in all their purity c e e t I t i i t . e prevails in Biscay', oligarchy in Guipuzcoa, and a mixed ye i n l r dr A r i l n , v gy i e, ; tt ic sr e ss , e s n n m c state in. Alava. Twice a year in the first pro- Republican manners. Democracy ond, and Alava % t , at h i e l etihr s i e s c at Vittoria, in Guipuzcoa it changes its seat every everyses little sion a l e d C t\ o \ assembly s ; in Biscay it meets in the open air, as in the pa triarchal ages, under the oik of Guernica. There come together the deputations of the several communes, hear ing on their banners the denomination of Republics. Those Congresses regulate the administration of the country, vote the taxes, and determine the appropriation of the public money, for the provinces themselves de fray the expenses of the administration of every descrip tion, pay the salaries o f th e i r agents, and maintain their militia in good order. They have, and let this be noted, their finances and p u bli c cre di t —fi nances ad nwahly conducted, and a publit credit which the greatest State might well envy, for when their insurrec tion broke out in October 1833, the Three per Cent. Stock of the province of Alava was quoted at 93. The national juntas, moreover, elect ins the interval which elapses between their sessions, an officer called Deputy- General, in whom is vested the executive authority, and who deals with the Spanish Government on a footing of equality. There is but One Deputy-General in Alava anti Guipuzcoa, who is the temporary President of these little republics. There are three in Biscay, where they constitute a sort of Directory. Such of those popular officers who have well merited of their country receive, sites they have several times filled that station the ho nouroble though seldom lavished title of Father of a t , Province. With all this the King of Spain interferes not in the slightest degree. He has only in each province a Corregidor, not unlike the ancient Comites whom the Emperor sent to watch the Roman municipalities. " The independence and privileges of Navarre are not so complete and extensive. Navarre was a king dom, and not a republic, when it was incorporated with the Spanish Crown under the Catholic Kings, alter th e de a th of Francis Phoebus and Catherine, the wife of John of Abret ; but as its incorporation was wholly voluntary, and it stipu:ateu the conditions, Navarre has always preserved its ancient Fueros, which it enjoyed at that early period, whilst those of Castile were ~rested by Charles V., and those of Aragon by tanilip 11. Navarre has retained its provincial Cortes, and, like the Basque Provinces, it is exempted from. the quint as, and possesses various valuable c01"111rcial immunities. " In Navarre the Royal authority is represeutedsloy a Viceroy, who commands the troops, is Governor of Pampeluna, and has the right of presiding at the Cortes and Grand Council or Sopreme Court of Justice, whose functions resemble those of the Grand Council of Cas tile. The Deputation consists of three orders (Esta mentos), elected for three years, and meeting annually. The Ecclesiastic Order is the first ; and such is the affection and veneration e ntertained by the Nayarrese for their clergy, that, where there is a disagreement in the Cortes, the vote of the Ecclesiastic Estamento pre vails over the two others. The Military Order, which comes next, includes the nobles and knights, and as the nobility arc numerous in Navarre, where the right of primogeniture exists in full force, that Estannento, in ac cordance with the clergy, decides almost all questions. There is, nevertheless, an order of Procuradores, wherein sit the Deputies elected by the landowners, merchants, and lawyers. To the Cortes thus composed are added some lawyers, chosen in equal numbers in Navarre and Castile, but who have no seats in the Assembly, their opinions being only taken on certain questions, The Viceroy presides at the Cortes, and opens the session in tne King's name, but he can ordain nothing, The Fueros even expressly prohibit any measure being taken into consideration before the grievances of the kinedom have bean redressed. Tne Cortes have the exclusive right of regulating all the affairs of the country of imposing taxes, and permitting or prohibiting the importation of goods. The Viceroy has no veto, whilst the Cortes, on the contrary, exercise a very formal one over the decrees and ordinances, which cannot be executed without the especial consent of the Estamentos. There exists an Audit Office, wherein all the taxes and expenses arc scrutinized. As for justice, it is ad -1 ministered in the first instance by the Alcades of the Pueblos ; in appeal, by the Alcades de Corte, sitting at Pampeluna ; and in ;he last resort, by the Grand Council of Navarre. No case is tried out of the king dom. No customs are established unless it be by the Cortes. Spain is at liberty to establish theta on her side on the frontier, and this question of the customs is of such moment to the Naverrese, that Ferdinand VII., having obtained from the three Estamentos permission to transfer the Spanish line of custom-houses to the frontier, he veatured not to do so lest he should provoke an immediate rebellion. "It would be too long a task to enumerate tl.e various municipal institutions which prevail in Navarre. Some municipalities are elective, others have hereditary Regidors and Aleades, b u t a ll o f th em a re animated with a strong spirit of independence and jealousy of the Royal authority. The King receives from the country no other taxes than a sum of about 1,7601, The Navarrese are, however, willing to submit to sacrifices of men and money in time of war, and when they ap prove of the cause or object of the war." SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. DONCASTER RACES.—FURTHER PARTICULARS_ DONCASTER, TUESDAY.—This, the day of all days, in the estimation of a Yorkshireman, opened bright, mild, and " rac ing -like," as an old turfite expressed himself ; in reality, it was all that the lovers of the sport could have wished, and the town, as a consequence, was speedily on the qui vice. Gigs, coaches, carts, and every kind of vehicle usually brought into play on great occasions, rattled (literally) in from all quarters, the majority of them being from Sheffield, which, as a sporting place, takes the lead in this part of her Majesty's dominions. Farmers on horseback, and labourers on foot, were net wanting to choke up the avenues, and complete an ensemble which, want ing as it was in many of the attributes of a St. Leger day in the olden time, was still one of uncommon interest and anima tion. The betting-room was the grand point with all classes ; it was crowded in and out—inside with anxious speculatoi-s ; outside, with a mob of gaping, wonderin g yokels and list-sellers. The best order, however, prevailed, until about one o'clock. when the move towards the race-course became general, and the usual confusion prevailed; fortunately, neither carelessnes nor bad driving led to any serious accidents, and by two o'clock the streets were as quiet as if it had been Sunday morning , and the New Police Bill in force here as well as in the metropolis. We have often seen a fuller company than we found assembled on the race-ground at the time appointed for the first race ; the stand, too, has always boasted a better show of fashion ; but for this falling-off it is not difficult to account, the nuisance arising from the throng of betting-men gathered together in the centre of the principal room, and the noisy progress of speculation on the different events, is insufferable, and quite sufficient to deter ladies from entering it. We trust that the Corporation, for their own interests, if not for the comfort of those who do or are willing to patronize their races, will take measures to pre vent any further complaints on the subject. Ascot and Good wood show how easily it can be done. In speaking of this de ficiency, we confine ourselves to sex and rank ; numerically there was none, and that the old spirit has not quite evaporated was proved by the appearance at the " Court end" of the bal cony of many families of high rank in the county, and whose names have been associated with Doncaster in its most pros perous times. The minor stands were full, and the course was in other respects so well " made up," that an unpractised eye would have failed to discover that the St. Leger had lost much if its wonted attraction. Want of time, as well as of opportunity, renders it impossible to give a complete list of those of " high degree" vac) honoured the course with their presence this afternoon : the following must, therefore, be taken as " on account," the balance to be forthcoming towards the end of the week : The Duke and Duchess of Cleveland, the Marquis of Tich field, the Marquis of Westminster, the Marquis of Normanby, Earl Fitzkvilliam and family, the Earl of Scarborough, the Earl of Lichfield, Count llarrack, the Earl of Harewood, &c. Lords Maidstone, G. Bentinck, Kelburn, F. Fitzelarence, Hawks, Tenterden, Milton, &c. Sirs J. (and Lady) Gerard, David Baird, S. Clarke. J. Boswell, P. Nugent, F. Goodricke, H. Campbell, W. 'Mil ner. &c. Hons. T. 0. Powlett, Colonel Anson, G. Byng, M. Nugent, H. Browne, Captain Roils, Captain Hawke, M. Hawke, Ge neral Upton, Mostyn, Lawley, &c. General Sharpe, Colonel Fullarton and family, Colonel Hare. Colonel Thompson, Colonel Crufurd , Colonel radock, Major Hancock, Major Yarburgh, &c. Captains Gardner :Macleod, Taylor, Freeston, Frobisher, Louth, James, Deedes, White, Whalley, &e. Messrs. C. Wilson, Hawker, W. Ley, J. Ley, Hunter, Mill bank, Worrall, Clive, F. Charlton, G. Payne, Portman, Cram- Melin, Foulis, Rathbone, Buckley, Calvert, Orde, Fairlie, Chaytor, Hodgson ' G. L. Fox, S. Johnsen, Chandler, Bowes, A. W. Peel, J. Peel, Wormald, T. Hernby, Shalfto, H. Thompson, J. Cholmondeley, D. Browne, Somers, J. Stan ley, &c. The racing commenced about half-past 2 o'clock, aid, con trary to expectation, afforded most excellent sport. The fol. lowing is a return : The two-yr-old Produce Stakes, of 100 says each, h ft, for colts, Bst 51b, fillies, Bst 31b. Red House in. (Four subscribers.: Lord Westminster's Lancelot walked over. The Cleveland Stakes, of 20 soya each, h ft, and only 5 if de. Oared, &e., with 50 added by the Corporation. One mile. (16 subscribers, 3 of whom declared. ) Lord Eglinton's ch f Opera, 4 yrs, ist Blb Mr. Denham's b c Compensation, 4 yrs Bst Mr. Tilburn's bl c Master Allen, 3 yrs, 6st 51b 3 Stol on Compensation. Opera made all the running, was never headed, and won in a canter. The Great St. Leger Stakes, of 50 sore each, h ft, for three yr-old colts, Bst 71b ; and fillies, Bst 21b. The second to receive 1001. out of the stakes. St. Leger course. (107 . subscribers) 'Major Yarburgh's b c Charles XII., by Voltaire, out ' of Laurel's dam. (Scott) Mr. Thornhill's ch c Euclid, by Emilius out Maria (Conolly) The following also started, but were not placed : Mr. W. Ridsdale's b c Bloomsbury, by Mulatto, out of Arcot Lass. (Rogers.) Mr. Allen's br c Fitzambo, by the Saddler or Tramp, out of Nerissa. (Maroon.) Mr. G. Clarke's br c Dragsman, by St. Nicholas, out of Olive Leaf. (Macdonald. ) Colonel Cradock's b c The Provost, by the Saddler, out of Re becca. (Templeman.) Lord Eglinton's b c Malvoliu, by Liverpool, out of Comedy. (Lye. ) Colonel Craufurd's b f Dolphin, by Priam, out of Mermaid. (Holmes.) Mr. Dixon's b c Hyllus, by Sir Hercules, out of Zebra. (S. Day.) Mr. Wormald's gr c Bolus, by Physician, dam by Comus. (Heseltine.) Lord Westminster's ch c The Lord Mayor, by Pantaloon, cut of Honeyman. (G. Nelson.) Lord Lichfield's hl c The Corsair, by Sir Hercules, out of Gul narc. . (J. Day. ) Mr. Ramsay's br c Easingwold, by Mulatto, out of Eve. (Cart wright.) Lord Kelburnes bc, by Jerry, out of Purity. (Galloway.) After several fluctuations, the odds closed; at starting. at 6 to 4 on Charles XII; 6 to 1 agst Bloomsbury ; 10 to I agst Mal volio ; 13 to 1 agst Euclid ; 30 to 1 agst the Provost ; 35 to 1 agst Easingwold ; 40 to 1 agst The Lord Mayor - and 40 to 1 agst the Corsair. We did not bear Hyllus or Befits mentioned, and the prices against all but the first four were little better than nominal. At one moment 2to 1 was betted on Charles, and Malvolio, at Bto 1, had the call of Bloomsbury. At 4 o'clock the horses appeared at the starting post, and, with one slight failure, got off in excellent.style. After the first 200 yards, in which the jockies had enough to do to select and take their places Charles took the lead at a rattling pace followed by Bloomsbury, Bolus, Euclid (about fourth), he Dolphin, and Malvolio; the ruck behind them consisting of Hyllus, The Cor sair, The Provost, Fitzambo, and The Lord Mayor, the Purity colt and Dragsman bringing up the rear. At the foot of the bill Dragoman and Easingwold were some lengths astern, and the Purity colt, unable to live even with this valuable pair, pulled up and returned. In the bottom, on the other side of it, the renowned Bloomsbury cried " enough," and, with a Bolus to cure his ailments, retired from the front rank. Eu clid now took the second place, The Dolphin lying third, and Malvolio and the Provost next him, nearly abreast. They ran in this order over the deep ground near the Red House (the only part of the course that was heavy) and to the turn into the straight run in. Here The Dolphin dropped off, and Malvolio,took her place. About a distance and a half from home Malvolio also gave up, leaving The Provost third in the race, and so he continued to the end. Euclid now began to draw upon the " great horse," but, as it is alleged, was driven so close to the rails that lie never fairly collared him till they reached the distance post. The race was now entirely between those two—the " crack" Yorkshire nag versus the Newmarket " pet," and a better or more intensely interesting - struggle was never seen on the Doncaster course. Euclid appeared to have the best of it at the commencement, but the "great" horse's stride told towards the end, and the judge, unable to award the victory to either, gave the first dead heat ever run for the St. Leger. The Provost was beaten three or four lengths, and defeated Malvolio by nearly two lengths. The Dolphin was firth, Fitzambo sixth, and Bloomsbury seventh—all beaten off. The others were tailed off a long way, Dragsman being the last of the 13 that came home. The betting on the next heat, which was run after the Four yr old Stakes, began at 6 to 4 en Charles, and finished at 6 to son Euclid. The " little" horse took the lead at a bad pace for the first three-quarters of a mile ; he then made it good, still keeping his lead, the " great" horse waiting on him to the distance, where he challenged. A slashing race ensued, the North, triumphing over the South by a head only. Doncaster never sate strch St. Leger racing before. The.Four-yrr-old Stakes, of 20 sovs each. b ft, with 50 added by the corporation ; for colts Bst 71b ; fillies Bst 31b ; maiden horsei allowed Mb ; the winner of the St. Leger to carry 21b 4 extra; ' Mile and a half. 5 subs. Mr. Ratntay's br to Lanercost Duke of. Cleveland's b e Aleira Lanercost Was the favourite, made all the play, and won easy by two length,. ' INTONE Y MARKET and CITY NE 0 2 - (WEDNESDAY EVENING.) CHRONICLE.—The letters from Paris furnish every reason to expect that the whole of the tills of the United States Bank, refused acceptance by Messrs. Hotting,uer, have by this time been liquidated, and Mr. Jaudon, in his communication, speaks of being in London to-morrow. We are still unacquahred with the origin of this strange circumstance, and shall therefore refrain from comment, more especially as a day or t►vo must put us in possession of thr. facts. Affairs generally, in the English Stock Market, pre sented a more favourable appearalice ; money was much less in demand, and the greater part of the pressure which was experienced yesterday has been removed. run. POST.--We mentioned in our City arCcle of Monday that the London agent of the United States Bank, Mr. J .udon, had proceeded to France, which wa, the fact, and, from the great importance of the communications ob t 'fined that day both from Paris and Havre, the anxiety to learn the result of his mission has been very great and also very general in the city. Letters were received this morn ing from Mr. Jaudon, the contents of which are encourag ing. They state, we understand, that although no ar rangerrient for giving currency to the bills drawn on the firms of Hottinguer and Co. at the two places, sad which were lying under protest for non-acceptance, had yet been absolutely completed, considerable progress had been made towards such a consummation. Of this, we believe, there can he nn doubt—that what ever :a to be effected on behalf of the Bank of the United States, through the intervention of an agent, will be effected by the individual we have named. The tact and good management displayed by Mr. Jaudon in his late ne gotiations in this country (for it is not with the house of Hope and Co., of Amsterdam, alone that he has found himself called upon to treat in relation to the post-notes of the Phiiadelphia establishment) have been the admiration of all those who were cognisant of what was passing. We are the more ready to pay this compliment to the financial address of Mr. Jaudon because, notwith.tanding the un doubted solvency of the concern for which he is acting, but for his steady and judicious mode of procedure occurrences might have taken place on this side of the Channel which could not have failed to affect private confidence to a very great extent in almost every branch of our com merce. The recent adoption of a system of steam communication between England and the United States is a fortunate thing for the Bank, the affairs of which have got into this unpleasant predicament in Europe, inasmuch as the steamer Liverpool, the departure of which vessel fur New York is fix e d for Saturday next, will have re- tiirce.l to Enolsnd Tom?: hour- tito bills lying over at Paris and Havre can arrive at maturity. They are doubt less bills dr,swa at the usance of sixty day's sight. It is, perhaps, hardly worth while to speculate on the eours that will probably be taken by the President of the United States Back, when he comes to hear of all that has hap pened, in order to extricate the institution from the existing diflicultv. That there was much local pressure i s shown by the events of the last week, and there may be great dif ficulty in getting together in a moment the amount requi site to take up the bills drawn on Haire and Paris ; but we dare say that with the co-operation of the minor banks, the President of the United States Bank will contuse at all events to send forward. in specie or otherwise, the needful before the seven millions of francs become due. The Great Western will next week be on tier way back to England, and by her it is quite possible Messrs. Hottinguer and Co. may be put in possession of a remittance of funds sufficient to secure them against any contingent loss. The object has been, as we have already stated, to provide for the post-notes, &c., as far as might be practicable, by transmissions of the precious metals. On the arrival of Air. Jaudon at Paris, there is no question that he would have been materially assisted in the execution of his plans by the presence, advice, and influence of Mr. Hope, that gentleman being still there, on his way back to Amster dam. We believe we are correct in stating that Messrs. Hoti:nguer and Co. are the correspondents of Messrs Hope and C o ., a s we ll as o f t h e U n i te d St a t es B an k, and, if so, this may be considered a circumstance highly favour able to a s a ti s f ac t or y term i nat i on o f t h e a ff a i r of the pro tested drafts. There was nothing of consequence passing in the Eng. ish Stock Market. Money was said to be easier. SECOND EDITION. THE FUNDS.-(CLOSING PRICES.) Bitaisti FUNDS Bank Stock — . India Stack 3 per Cont. lied 3 per Cent. CCiIS. 3ya per Cent. Red . Ditto New Annuities New SY:,, per Cent gti Ex. Bills, 0M... "1 . pm. New 5 per Cent Ditto 50'l . pm. Long Annuities to expire \ Ditto 5001 *t pm. Jan. Ififirl Oct. 1859 Jan 1860 FO REIG N FUNDS Austrian, 5 per cent 'Portuguese Honda, sper cent. Belgian, .i per cent 103 , Ditto New Ditto .... .... . ... ... 37i;:, tiraAilian Bonds 'Prussian, 5 per cent — Buenos A yr.'s, li per cent — IRussiart Bonds, 5 per cent.... Chilian, li per cent — 'Ditto, Metallic Colointhan, (1 per cent 34i 'Spanish, 5 per cent 02 . Ditto, 1824 52 Ditto, Deferred Danish, 3 per cent ... French, 5 per cent. I 11'. 25c. Greek Bonds, 15:25, 5 per et. Exchange Mexican, 5 per cent — French, 3 per cent —f. —c. Ditto, c per cent., IS , ', 1 1:3 I )(itch, IN, per cent. Peruvian, 1825,6 per cent I Ditto, 5 per cent. 1, 4 14 SHARES. .._ Great Western Railway Ditto New Shares .. London and Brighton Railway B4 London and Blackwall Railway Lon 'nn and Birmingham Railway 142 x, Ditto New Shares London and Southampton Railway London and Cr oydon Railway :limn- ) lt”ii Manchester and Leeds Nr+ilway Ditto New Shares Manerie , ter and Birmingham Railway Ditto ditto Extension 4'i North Midland R Ohkav York and Noah Midland Railway .1.4/ DON CASTER RACES. (YESTERDAY.) The Foal Stakes of 100 sovs. each, h ft, for 3 yr olds. Lord Westminster's Sleight of Hand walked over. The Doncaster Stakes of 10 sovs. each, with 50 added. Two miles. Duke of Cleveland's Kremlin ... (Lye) Lord Westm:rister's Cardinal Puff .. Won by a head. The Selling Stakes of 10 sovs each, with 30 added; St. Leger Course. Mr. Ettv's The Quack Mr. Smith's Memento Lord Chesterfield's f by Priam Mr. S. King's Tivy The Corporation Plate was won in three heats by Lord azlinton's Opera, (Lye), beating Mr. Milner's Humphrey, Mr. Golden 's The Diver, and Lord Chesterfield's Brother to Prizeflower. ..(Lye) THE CUP.—Beeswing is backed at 2 to 1 ; i is not known yet whether Charles the Twelfth wi EVENING EDITION. for his deter.nined stand against the survellanee t k. of the Bedchamber, by insisting th It he gladly seized upon the opportunity thus afforded him of declining the offer : He was afraid, forsooth, of the oppo sition which his Government would provoke in Ire land. This has been a difficulty which it has < been the especial object of Lord Melbourne to in crease by every means in his power. With this motive he desired Mr. O'Connell to get up the simu lated tranquillity of which so great boast has been made ; and this is to be his Lordship's staff and crutch in the hour of need. The Whigs will, we are told, keep Ireland (which means that they will cherish and support the predominant religion of that country at the expense of that which they are sworn to defend and uphold) ; they have in duced Mr. O'Connell to pass the word for a temporary cessation from outrage ; but the instant the Tory (i. e. the Protestant) interest is in the ascendant, Mr. Shiel tells us that instead of diminishing the number of troops in that unhappy country, :30,000 will be required to keep the peace ! If the Tories came into office,' h should vote that 30,000 soldiers would be necessary to preserve the public peace! Such is the bugbear by which it is attempted to deter the Conservatives, in the event of a minority on the part of the Whigs in the ensuing Parliament, from accepting office.' The Morning Herald of this day, in the course of a leading article on Lord Brougham's defence of himself', prefixed to his recently published speeches, indulges in • the following petulent diatribe against Ministers : " Lord Melbourne and his colleagues do not preteEd to possess any fair title to administer the affairs of the country. They have long lost the confidence of the people eo occasion, f England. lost `They the c h av o e nfi recently, dene eo a t n t d he on Housem o r e than one of Commons. They never possessed the confidence of the Upper House. What then is the ground on which they justify their retention of place ? On no merit of their own—nor on any thing but on alleged demerit on the part of their antagonists ! We,' they exclaim to the Conservatives, may be distrusted by the country — but so are you. You dare not take office.' Such is the substance of all that the most thoroughgoing Whig hack ever ventures to advance in support of the pretensions of his patrons. \Vas ever Ministry before, reduced to such a plight ?" The Times comments in the following virulent strain on Mr. Poulett Thomson's appointment to the Governor- Generalship of Canada :—" Here is a seleetien which Lord Melbourne does not venture to justify—which even Mr. Edward Ellice is eager to disclaim—which is so dis tasteful, so obnoxious, so injurious to the whole of the commercial and colonial interests, that all of them, with one accord—proprietors, merchants, consignees, agents, factors, every class, club, or section, concerned in, or connected with, the soil, the trade, or the general welfare of Canada, have petitioned, protested, re monstrated against it ; and the Government journals exult, that, in the face of all these reclamations, the Whigs contumaciously persist in their portentous ap pointment." The Morning Chronicle, alluding to Mr. Shell's speech on his reelection fur the county of Tipperary, say' , :—" Mr. Shell naturally alluded to his own accept ance of office ; and justified the associating with the Government individuals enjoying the confidence of the Irish people. He said he had no doubt that at the opening of the next Session, Ministers would present to their antagonists a force which rendered all the efforts of their antagonists vain.' He dwelt on the successful re sult of Ministers in various great transactions, and he placed in the foremost rank the termination of the civil war in Spain. What man, who has the slightest regard for the welfare of our species will not echo his congratula tions on the termination of a desolating warfare, by the expulsion from the territory by a gallant people of the monster who, by means abhorrent to all the usages of civilization, sought to restore the reign of civil and spi ritual despotism ? The importance of this result may be inferred from the howling of the Tory press. How admirably their horror of Popery accords with their sympathy with the slave of Popery in its worst form ! But, as was once observed by Mr. Shiel on another occasion, it is only when Popery is disconnected with despotism that it fails to obtain the sympathy of the Tories." The Morning Post thus attacks Ministers for not al lowing their policy to be determined by " the sense of the country," by which our Contemporary means, of course, Toryism :—" All that we demand is that the sense of the country should determine the policy of the country ; that the preferences of Lords, Commons, electors, and people in general, should be regarded by the Court ; and that the powers of tie Monarchy should be wielded with decent deference to these preferences, so far as they appear to be the result of a deliberate judgment. We complain that certain imbecile Whigs set themselves against the deliberate and apparent pre ferences of the British people, and of the people of the whole empire, save only the Romanists of Ireland. The Whigs rely for governing the country upon certain per sonal predilections—certain Bedchamber partialities at the Palace ; and they disregard the prevailing political sentiment of all ranks and conditions of the people. This is a monstrous grievance ; and we fear that if the Whigs impudently presume to persevere in the infliction of it upon the country, results very dangerous to the monarchy, and very painful to all British patriots, must be brought about as the inevitable consequence of such perseverance." DINNER TO MR. WYSE BY HIS CONSTITUENTS. Sirt_With feelings of mingled pride and pleasure, we embrace the present opi orte.nity to express our high sats'action at your hay.u; been called upon to tilt an important office in the Govelninent of the country. In availing themselues of your great talents and statesmanlike quallt.es, her Majesty's Ministers nave only confirmed the cl,tke of all who have wattivd your useful and brilliant career as a legislator. In common with the people of the empire at large, we be hold in your elevation to the Treasury Bench an adoi tional assurance of the determination of Ministers to r: more all tbuses, whether in Church or Stae, to proceed fearlessly in the onward path of reform, and to crappie boldly with the Tory oligarchy, which still withhold from Ireland those rights and privileges to which, as an integral po-tion of the empire. she is justly entitled. Whilst we acknowledge the valuable support which you have given to every measure of pract,cal linpro%ement, vet with peculiar gr..tificr.m have we marked yoor efforts in the welt cause (Y . Naticnal Edo cation. With th..it cause —thy' noieest wit ch can occupy the attention of the philosophic sutesman— your name is in'iissolubly linked ; and proud incle-d must b the recollection that, instead of wasting the efforts of your genius on s übjects of ephemeral importance, it was your nobler aim to dispel the dark clouds of ignorance, and in the spil it of enlightened legislation, to prepare the hu - man mind for still greater triun:phs than any it has yet achieved. We appeal with confidenc.! to your late unop. posed return (a circumstance for many years unexampled in Waterford), as a satisfactory proof that your private virtues and amiable qualities are duly al preciated by all partd..s in your native city, and we entertain no dot.bt that, as your access . o3 to office has been un: nimcusly haled, so each succeeding year will add fresh claims to the respect and admiration of your fellow-citizens. Actuated by these feelings, we request the honour of your company at a Public anncr, as a slight but sincere mark of cur esteem and regard. Signed on behalf of a Meeting of the Citizens of Waterford. BENJAMIN MORRIS, D. L., Chairman. ANSWER. i GENTLEMEN,—I receive your Address with cordial feel ings of satisfaction and gratitude. 'lf at all times it be to me a matter of just pride, to be honoured with your approbation, how much more so, when I consider the circumstances, under whiela 1: ls at present offered. In appointing Catholics to office, the Government have done something more than merely conferring honours upon individuals ; they have given st.nction and effect to principles. The Emancipation Act was neve meant , to remain a dead letter in the Statute Book, but to live and i work through all branches, administrative as well as legis- ii lative of the country. In this sence, the Government understand it : they are determined to make it a reality. If Catholics should be excluded from office, merely because they are Catholics, so also should they be I excluded from Parliament. If from either, the empire. We 1 1829 is a fraud ; Emancipation has yet to pass. In appointing Irishmen, Minis:ers have acted with not less justice. Ireland is entitled o he a r ss s o h c a ia re te a d s , w e e v l e l n in the government ", e havhave madeas inas manyth sacrifices , o ,e f rai tret t tehoN; ll ,seu i a s liooptdi innito u i:leebnay r tr i nlva i rti t :ol e .ytaE d ghgt,doheouoatdcsnheid:fws.teahhaetenol as deep an interest in the public welfare, have as hi g h a value for our public institut e n,, and as di termined a zea l for their support as Scotehmen or Engli hnien. honoured r,ii c the greatby being work i f it as t a d s t o h t e l m ie t s ' n t justice o a b e l sm st e i r r : . object A thinking an r iai . e u h t ti h at 11 ailai-etievs:horena.-t egttlreva-:,'rietnudi humblet° i nstitutions enlabhighlyo ur e cannot ai l sf o r n ni e g on subsist unless supported by a friend to morality and religion, to order, I know from recent events knowledge in telligenceesdntha t a n aig d nad v o •i r r a tu n e oe ; diffusion of trutahra(ntee for its continuance : have no thatwtt would l r b i yw education,i wish to base tl h canm.. I no conviction in the soundness e of their doctrines), merely. but triining, and not of But you feel not less than one ouly p m or e t a io n i; onnoitv:nbswr of the whole man. You know as well as Ido that by " Nation. all education 1 necessarily imply, not an education in the shape of a privi►ege tor a section, but the common birth-rigl.t of every sect, class and province, no matter under what name, of the entire Brit , sh people. The time will soon come, when the question being better under-tool, the struggle will close not by a triumph over any, but by ihe union of all, even of those now most opposrd, for tne attainment of this great object. We. can afford to wa•t for that day—con scious that in the interval we are doing our duty, and have for allies the great majority of the civilised world. ;:A I deeply regret that circumstances will oblige me to leave Waterford on so early a day. that I shall find it impossible to gratify my feelings, by accepting the honour, intended for me, of a pudic dinner. At the same time I beg you t o be assured, that I do not the less appreciate the value of the compliment, and I trust I shall evince by better argu ments than words—by renewed zeal in the public service, and innreased activity in giving effect to the principles I have uniformly professed, the heartfelt gratitude I enter tain for your kindness and confidence. I have the honour to be, Gentlemen, Your obed.eat faithful set vant, THOMAS WISE. Sept. 13, 1833. PRICE OF SUGAR. EFFECT OF MONOPOLY. Table showing the ex-duty price of West I❑dia Sugar, Mincing-lane, and comparing the same against that of Foreign sugars:— London, September 20. 1839. The Gazette of this evening will quote the awe- Per Cwt. rage price of British Plantation Muscovado Sugar, exclusive of duty, at The actual quantity of Sugar sold on account of the importers, in the week ending the 17th instant, according to the returns made by the West India sugar brokers, in conformity with the Act of Parliament, and on which quantity the above price is computed, consisted of 977 lihds. 121 tra. and 58 barrels, and not of 1,200 Mids. as estimated in the market. As we stated some months since, the crops of Sugar are late, but they are not unusually short. Several ships which sailed from the West Indies before the Ist August, have ar rived, and: are full. On the 16th September, 1837, the landings were 88,668 hhds. and trs., and on the 14th September, 1839, 76,551 hhds. and trs. The Stock on the 16th September, 1837, consisted of 26,036 hhds. and trs. ; on the 15th, 1838, of 36,513 do. ; and on the 14th, 1839, of 39,055 do. The deliveries on the 16th Sept. 1837, were 93,275 hhds. and tN. ; on the 15th, 1838, 82,928 do. ; and on the 14th, 1839, 66,696 do. _ _ . The falling Off in the delivery since the Ist May last to !he present date, as compared against the like period in 1838, is 16,232 hhds and trcs. . The market is already lower, and if the public abstain from the use of sugar to the extent they have done in the period named above, the decrease in the deliveries will insure a larger stock at Christmas, 1839, than was on hand at Christmas, 1838. A fall in price of at least 7a. per cwt. may be safely an ici nate El. Foreign Su:tars raised by free labour have, since our last report, been sold 17s. per ovt., quality for quality, less than West India Sugars. METROPOLITAN POLITICAL SUMMARY. The Courier of this evening speaks of Mr. Sheil's speech at Tipperary in the following terms :—" It will be seen by our account of the Tipperary elec tion that Mr. Sheil has been re-elected for that county. It was so well known that this result would take place, that although in the present balanced state of parties in the House of Commons every new election is calculated to excite the greatest national interest, on the present occasion the public curiosity was allayed by it{ foreknowledge of the event. Not so however with the speech which it is the custom of the elected candi date to deliver on the hustings. On this point the public curiosity was much excited. What would Mr. Shell say in office ? How would he deal with those perplexing subjects which continue to em barrass the Government ? Would he avow his differ ences of opinion with the Ministry under whom he has accepted office ? Above all, would he support or de nounce the fresh scheme of agitation put in practice by Mr. O'Connell for the repeal of the Union ? On these points, and especially the last, there existed much curiosity to learn what opinions Mr. Sheil might take occasion to express. And how do our readers think he has dealt with them ? He has shirked them all. He has left every one of the political questions on which it was most expected that he would pronounce a straightforward and decided opinion in total silence. With the exception of the usual abuse of the House of Lords, and the accustomed praise of Lord Normanby, it would be difficult to point out any parts of his speech to engage particular attention, saving his approbation of Lord Melbourne's Administration, which, from its novelty, perhaps, may produce a droll feeling of sur prise and wonder, checked a little by the consideration that it was befitting to the new official, if from grati tude only, to endeavour to speak well of those at whose pleasure he holds his appointment." The Globe alludes as follows to the lamentations of the Tory journals for the successful termination of the civil contest in Spain :—" The happy turn of events in Spain has furnished anotly r opportunity for the party in opposition to exhibit its real character. The endea vours of its journals to damp the joy which the termi nation of hostilities in Spain has diffused throughout this country, only proves that by the selfishness of party every benevolent and patriotic feeling has been engrossed. Aware that the successful issue of the nego ciations with Maroto rtfl , cts the highest credit on the Government, the base engines of a heartless faction are incessantly employed in directing their efforts to e,t, misre present the part taken by the agents ofthat Government, and and the means by which they were enabled h to a .iv, so plish the object so long desired, and, long delayed. They clearly see that th , is , r to attain planed farther from their reach the e a ‘ P, c P i l it: has ;every event which which they are constantly intriguingr 'while)lt neutralises illustrates the efficiency of its po i, their a tt a cks upon the Governu I n e t Y ,'renders it the noire should asperse what they canne necessary for the furtherance of t h t_ eir be se c h au em se es t t h h e at t y hey indiscriminately, .c t on i d to emn ; dare not—openly peunnlysupapnodrted and mere i.,ra t . us assertions, coupled with most daring n usrepresentations, induct, if poss ibl e , a suspicion, it not a belief, that an event which all must hail with delight has been brought about by means which honourable minds, alive to th e c h arac t er of their coun tr y , ou g ht to condemn." The Siandard, alluding to Mr. Shell's speech on his re-election for the county of Tipperary, remarks as follows :—" But not content with applouding Lord Normanby and Mr. O'Connell, he proceeds to criticise the conduct of Sir Robert P ee l. I nstea d o f i m p u ting to that distinguished gentleman that greedy anxiety for office which has hitherto been ascribe-1 to Conservatives by all the adherents of the Govern ment, Mr. Shed is pleased to attempt to deprive Sir Robert of the merit which is his due