The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-29 00:00:00

length is about 92 feet ; its average width 40, and height 30. It is divided into five compartments in length by means of broad enriched piers on each side ; these compartments answering to the same number of windows, which derive light from the upper part of the merchants' court. Each corner of the room is a qua drant, in the centre of which stands an lonic column, elevated on a pedestal, and giving support to an ad vancing angle of the entablature, which is continued round the room considerably enriched. From this springs a cove to meet the plafond of the ceiling, across which all the prevailing lines of the vertical architecture are continued, and from which, by the five principal compartments, light is liberally intro duced through elegant horizontal glazing. But the principal of Lloyd's apartments, for size and symme try, is the subscribers'- room, which looks into the quadrangle at its eastern end, and is an oblong of 98 feet in length by 40 in width. It is divided in length into six compartments, by members very simi lar in effect to those in the room last described, though their detail is totally different. Like that, it has its ceiling commenced with a cove-like arrangement, but pierced in each compartment into a half-groin, through the top of which light is introduced by an ornamentally glazed hexagon. The chief supply of light, however, is obtained reflectively, down the centre of the room, each of the six compartments of the ceiling being there elevated into a dome, with a window be neath it, springing on each side. The effect of this mode of lighting is less brilliant, perhaps, than of that in the commercial-room, but it is beautifully diffusive and gentle, while abundant in its supply. The de corative detail in this room is very considerable, but far from overpowering : we observe in it the frequent repetition of the heraldic bearings adopted by the establishment of Lloyd's. Leaving this room by an archway on the south east, we enter the reading-room, an apartment 40 feet long by 25 wide, lighted by a lantern and fitted at mid-height with a gallery on each long side, ap proached by a double staircase on the east. The de corations of this room are not so elaborate as to detain us for a description : and we turn, therefore, by the north, successively through the secretary's-room, its anti-chamber under the tower, a clerk's office, and the kitchen of Lloyd's, which suite completes the circuit of the eastern court, and brings us to the captains'- room. More need not be said of this apartment than that it is a cheerful combination of three rooms in one, connected by wide archways, and occupying the north-east angle of the building ; from this we are led out again upon the great lobby first noticed, and from which we retreat without thinking it necessary to carry the reader through a series of various other and less accessible apartments of no public interest. Here, then, we conclude our review of this impor tant structure, and in doing so we shall nut pay the architect or his co-operators the adulation with which the crowd are too apt to laud every new building of magnitude when clean from the mason's hands, as a superb edifice, magnificent pile, and whatever else the use of equally discriminative terms can make it. Be it enough that we offer the expression of our opinion that the building has merit sufficient to secure for it the approbation of futurity, which is the highest ob ject a true artist aims to secure. That we may not leave our account incomplete, we subjoin the names of those gentlemen who have been immediately and statedly engaged in superintending the building, or conducting its decorative departments, not omitting to recognise at the outset the services of Mr. Richard Lambert Jones, as the Chairman of the controlling Gresham Committee : Mr. William Tite, architect. Mr. Ebenezer Trotman, assistant. Messrs. G. and R. Webb, builders of the founda tions. Mr. Thomas Jackson, builder of the superstruc ture. Messrs. Westmacott, Behnes, Carew, Joseph, Lough, and Watson, sculptors. Mr. C. H. Smith, architectural carver. M. Frederick Sang, decorator in fresco and encaus tic painting. Mr. A. Singer, maker of tessellated pavement. Mr. E. J. Dent, clockmaker. Messrs. Mears and Son, bellfounders. In conclusion, we derive satisfaction from a belief that the general state of professional and even of pub lic taste, as well as the recently increased facilities for building, are in favour of great advances in architec tural excellence. Within less than an interval of 20 years, we find that an edifice, not far differing in size from the General Post-office, and displaying incom parably more studied composition and elaborated de tail, can be raised at about half the cost which that structure demanded. We wish all success to art and its professors, and hope that, for the national credit, its interests may never be dissociated from the favour of those influential men who shall hereafter assemble in the new Royal Exchange, the centre of the com merce of the world. MEMOIR OF SIR T. GRESHAM. The Gresham family were of considerable importance in the fourteenth century. They are supposed to have taken their name from the village of Gresham in Norfolk. John Gresham is mentioned as residing there, and his son James appears to have been clerk to Sir William Paston, the judge. James Gresham hid a son named John, who married Alice Blyth, daughter of Alexander Blyth, Esq., of Stratton. She brought him a large fur tune, and became the mother of four sons, William, Thomas, Richard, and John. The two younger received the honour of knighthood from King Henry the Eighth, and Sir Richard was the father of Sir Thomas Gresham. Of the four brothers, three devoted themselves to CORI-. mercial pusuits; the fourth, Thomas, became Prebendary of Winchester, and in 1.535 was collated to the chan cellorship of the cathedral of Lichfield. The Greshams acted a conspicuous part in the days of Henry VIII. and Edward VI. To his uncle, Sir John, Thomas Gresham, founder of the Royal Exchange, was apprenticed, as he writes, " for viii. yeres." His uncle and master was frequently employed as the agent of King Henry in Flanders; he made a considerable fortune, and died of a malignant fever in 1556, leaving to the Mercers' Company by his will 131. 6s. Sd. for a feast, and desiring them, after dinner, to " have his soul in remem brance with their prayers." Sir Richard, his brother, the father of Sir Thomas, became an eminent merchant, and in 1537 was elected Lord Mayor of London. He was evidently in favour with the King,-from whom he re ceived five grants of church-lands. He closed his life at Bethnal-green, Feb. 21, 1548-9. His son Thomas was sent to Cambridge, but at an early period of his career was engaged in important commer cial negotiations. We find, in 1543, a license granted by the Regent of the Low Countries, Margaret, Queen of Hungary, for the exportation of gunpowder, was de livered to :‘ yonge Thomas Gresham, solycitor," to the King of England. He married, about the year 1544, Anne, the daughter of William Ferneley, Esq., of West Creting, in Suffolk, and widow of William Read, a gentleman of good family, who is styled by himself in his will " citizen and mercer • of London," who died early in 1544—the same year which saw his widow become the wife of Gresham. By her he had several children, all of whom, with the excep tion of a son named Richard, who lived to approach ma turity, died in their infancy. In connexion with his uncle's affairs, he had become intimately acquainted with the money market of Flan ders, and in consequence was appointed agent, or" King's factor with the trading interest," or " King's merchant," a situation of importance and trust, which had formerly been granted to William de la Pole, father of Michael Earl of Suffolk. It was on occasion of the disgrace of Sir William Dansell, who filled the same post in the time of Edward VI., that Gresham was sent for, about the close of 1551, and interrogated by the Council as to the best manner of getting the King out of debt. This caused him to remove with his wife to Antwerp, where he took up his abode with the family of the Schetz. During the - two first years of his being engaged in the public service, he posted from Antwerp no fewer than forty times. Between the Ist of March, 1552, and the 27th of July, his payments amounted to 106,3011. 4s. 4d.; his travelling expenses for riding in and out eight times 1021. 10s. including a supper and a banquet to the Sehetz and the Fuggers, with whom he had to transact business-2GI. being equal, Mr. Burgon calculates, to 2501. at the present day. The feast must have been one of great magnificence, as the guests appear to have been not more than twenty. On such occasions Gresham deemed it policy " to make as good chere as he could." Intwood Hall, near Norwich, built by Sir Richard Gresham, was his country seat in England, which was often the scene of elegant hospitality. His London es tablishment was in Lombard-street, then the handsomest street in London, where he had a shop, over the door of which his crest, a grasshopper, appeared by way of sign, the common usage of the merchants and bankers of that time. The site of Sir Thomas Gresham's place of busi ness is now occupied by the banking -house of Messrs. Stone, Martins, and Stone. From the nature of his engagements, he was compelled, for the greater part of his time, to reside with his family at Antwerp. His exertions met with the distinct approbation of his royal master. He bestowed on Gresham a gift of lands of the value of one hundred pounds per annum, accompanying it with the remark, " you shall know that you have served a king." When Queen Mary succeeded her brother, Gresham found himself superseded. This be thought he owed to the hostility of the Bishop of Winchester. He memo rialised Mary, and set forth the valuable services he had rendered to her brother, which had been requited in the manner already described. His representations, or the inefficiency of his successor, led to his being speedily re instated. From the correspondence preserved in the State Paper-office, of which Mr. Burgon has largely availed himself, it is clear that he used great activity as well as much skill and prudence, in raising money for the Queen. It was customary to pay a rate of interest that would now be regarded as enormous on a loan. Great difficulty was found in obtaining money; and when parties were willing tolend, to claim 10, 12, or 14 p e r cent. per annum was not thought at all out o f th e way . After negotiating several loans, Gresham felt that, in stead of sending such large t sums abroad, it would be a desirable thing to secur for the capitalist at home. With the eye of a stasm: w saw that it would be more convenient for the borroe tr.whThe still more profitable system of " repudiation eh borrows and refuses all payment, never occurred to him. It is not unworthy of re mar k, that in all transactions Sir Thomas se ems to have been in advance a o dan of the age in which he lived. To ser ve King Edward while at Antwerp, he devised a scheme for operating on the currency, so as to reader the exchanges favourable .~, to English purposes. If allowed to take his own course, he promised in two years to relieve his Sovereign from all difficulties. His plan for effecting this was thus laid down : "My request shall be to his Majesty and you, to apoynte me out weekly xii or xiii c [1,2001.] poundes, to be secretly resevyed at one man's handes ; so that it maye be kept secret, and that I may thereunto trust, and that I may make my reconning thereof assewredly. I shall so use this matter here in this towne of Andwerpe, that every day I will be sure to take up ii or iii c /i. [2OO/. or 3001.] sterlinge by exchange. And thus doing, it shall not be persevyed, nor it shall not be no occasyone to make the exchange fall. For that it shall be takynne up in my name. And so by these means, in working by delyberacione and tyme, the merchaunts' turn also shall be servyed. As allso this shuld bring all merchants owght of suspicione, who do nothing to [wards] pay ments of the king's detts ; and will not sticke to saye that ere the payment of the King's dett be made, yt will bringe down the exchange to xiiis. iiicl., wyche I trust never to see that daye. So that by this you may perseve. yf that I doo take up every daye but ii c /i. [2OO/.] sterling, it will amownt in one Sere to lxii /i. [72,0001.] : and the king's majesty oweth here at this present i c viii [108,0004] with the interest monny that was proloagyd afore this tyme. So that by these means, in two yeres, thinges will be compassed accordingly to my purpose set forth." " How correct Gresham was in the results he antici pated from these and similar measures, appeared in the sequel by the success which attended them. He found means in a short space to raise the exchange from six teen shillings Flemish for the pound sterling, to twenty two shillings, at which rate he discharged all the king's debts ; and by this means money was rendered plentiful and trade prosperous, while the credit of the crown be came established on a firmer basis abroad than it had ever been before." Living generally at Antwerp, he was in that city when the rejoicings took place for the birth of a son to Queen Mary, which birth never took place. That a false report of such a character obtained credence abroad should harldly surprise, when even so near the Court as Al dersgate, not only the accouchement of the Queen, but the admirable proportions of the prince were announced to his congregation by the minister of St. Ann's Church. Gresham was present at the abdication of the Emperor Charles the Fifth. The Christmas of 1555 he passed in England, and in the following month the Priory of Austin Canons, at Massingham Maple., in Norfolk, and several benefices, were conferred upon him as a mark of the Queen's favour. What he received from her Ma jesty altogether, he states to have been of the annual value of 2001. Queen Mary died on the 17th of November, 1558. Gresham is believed to have been out of England when that event took place; but if so, he deemed it prudent to lose no time in paying his duty to the new Sovereign. On the 20th we find him at Hatfield, in Hertforchhire, where Queen Elizabeth was then staying, and there lie met with a singularly gracious reception. Her Majesty promised that if he only served her as he had served her brother and sister, she would grant him as much land as he had received from both of them. She then gave him her hand to kiss, and promised if anything unfavourable should be reported to his prejudice during his absence, she would always reserve one ear to listen to his vindi cation on his return. Of this gracious assurance he had occasion to remind the Ministers of Queen Elizabeth when the Marquis of Whinchester attempted to injure him with his Royal mistress. He, however, triumphed over all the malice of his enemies, and his powerful as sistance and advice continued to be in much request, not only when a loan was to be raised, but in reference to matters of commerce generally, as well as in various questions of great political importance. After he had received the honour of knighthood, Lombard-street was not considered to be sufficintly dig nified for his residence, and he purchased or built a man sion in Bishopsgate-street which received the name of Gresham House. He enjoyed great familiarity with many of the most distinguished persons of his time ; both officially and personally he was very intimate with Sir William Cecil, afterwards Lord Burleigh. On one occasion, we learn from a passage in his correspondence, he sent a present of silk stockings to the secretary for himself, and, as he expressed it, for "my lady your wife." His ingenuity and address were often exercised in procuring munitions of war to be sent to England from the Netherlands. A thousand pounds weight of gunpowder, it was arranged, should be indicated in his letters by the words " one piece of velvet." In spite of such precaution, a discovery had nearly taken place. It was turned aside by his skill, and the influence he had gained from the high reputation he had established, or by the presents he had made. He showed that he pos sessed no mea❑ talent for intrigue, and the art of bribing in the cause of his sovereign was not unknown to. Gresham. In various matters the information obtained through him was of the highest importance. Mr. Burgon has laboriously followed him through all the negotiations with which he was concerned, both at home and abroad. They prove that the utmost confi dence was reposed in him, and it is hardly creditable to the liberality or the prudence of Elizabeth's Govern ment, that so valuable an agent should have been obliged to importune them very frequently to bear in mind, after the services he had rendered, the promise made to him at Hatfield on the accession of the Queen. He did not fail to do so very plainly, and on such occasions he set forth the magnitude of the labours he had accomplished without reserve. He might do this boldly, as sometimes more was owing to him than the Government was pre pared to pay. - Through many years he continued in the habit of frequently passing from England to Antwerp, the Lords of which, in 1543-4, sent him a present of wine of the value of 101., to dispose him to give them the benefit of his good offices with the Queen of England. His dignity as a British merchant was offended at seeing a noble Burse in Antwerp, while London could boast no such accommodation for those whose lives were devoted to commerce. About the year 1565 he applied himself in earnest to correct this evil—how successful will hereafter !appear. While at home and furthering this great work, he was actively engaged in raising or disbursing money for the Treasury. Among the guests at Gresham House we find, self invited, the Duke of Norfolk, who lost his life on the scaffold some years afterwards, for connecting himself with the affairs of Mary Queen of Scots. In the eyes of foreigners Gresham was a person of so much import ance, that when, in 1567, the heads of the reformed church in Antwerp thought it expedient to send an ad dress to the Secretary of State, Cecil, praying his in fluence with the Queen on their behalf, a similar address was, by the same body, voted to him. In the following month he again proceeded to Antwerp, where he inte rested himself for the Protestants of that city. This was his last appearance there. He witnessed the troubles which then broke out in the Netherlands, and wrote home an exact account of them. Shortly after wards he returned to England. In the following year he was a suitor to the Queen for the purchase of certain lands. He, indeed, seems constantly to have had an eye to the accumulation of wealth, though not with a sordid view, as was proved in the sequel. His company was courted by persons of the greatest consideration ' • and when foreigners of high rank cam e t o England, Sir Thomas was frequently appointed to receive them, and to attend them in their visits to the principal objects of interest in London, while, on any extraordinary emer gency, Sir William Cecil did not disdain to seek advice from the merchant. It was by his counsel, as already mentioned, that Elizabeth was brought, when a loan was necessary, " not to use any strangers, but her own sub jects, that it might be seen what a prince of power she was." Having suggested the idea, by his active exertions in the city, it was eventually carried out. The Lady Mary Grey, sister to the unfortunate Lady Jane, who had offended the Queen by her marriage, was in 1659 committed to the custody, or at all events to the care, of Sir Thomas Gresham. Of this honour he soon became weary, and made pressing representations to obtain her removal. He did not succeed till after the Noble or Royal guest had been under his roof more than three years. Ultimately she gained some degree of favour at Court. He had purchased, at an early period of his life, a seat at Mayfield, in Susse x . Thith er , w ith his wife and household, he retreated in 1570, when the plague broke out in London ; and there, in 1573, he received a visit from the Queen. In the year preceding, on her setting out on a summer progress, he had been named, with the Archbishop of Canterbury and others, as one of the persons of "great trust, wisdom and experience," from whom the Lord Mayor of London might seek advice for the better government of the metropolis during her ab sence ; and he continued a member of that commission till within a year of his death. This distinguished citizen remained on the most inti mate footing with the principal statesmen of his day. Besides building and endowing alms-houses near his own mansion, he founded what has been called the "epitome of a university," which was named "Gresham College." In 1770 he purchased the manor of Heston, and shortly afterwards took up his' residence in Osterley Park (which was part of that manor), where, in 1576, he received a visit frowQuecn Elizabeth, on which occasion she was entertained with extraordinary festivity. It is re lated that she objected the court-yard was too large, and would have been more handsome if divided in the middle. Upon this Sir Thomas forthwith sent for workmen from London, who laboured in the night silently, but with such diligence, that when the Queen rose in the morning a wall had been raised, and the fault which she had noticed corrected. Gresham did not long survive this honour. He was now sixty years of age, when on Saturday, the 21st of November, 1579, between six and seven in the evening, having just come from the Roy a l E xc h ange to his house in Bishopsgate•street, he was suddenly attacked, it is supposed, by apoplexy. He was found speechless on the floor of his kitchen, and in a short time breathed his last. His remains were committed to the earth on the 15th of the following month, in St. Helen's Church, Bishopsgate-street, where they still repose. The funeral was one of extraordinary splendour, as it cost no less than 800 L His only son, Richard, had died in 164. Sir Thomas had a natural daughter named Anne, whom he carefully educated and provided with an ample dower, and who eventually became the sister-in-law of Lord Bacon. Lady Gresham survived her husband seventeen years, and died at Osterley House, November 23, 1596. She was buried in St. Helen's with great pomp on the 15th of December, in the same grave with her husband, and, by a curious coincidence, on the anniversary of his funeral. BLANDFORD, OCTOBER 22.—A meeting was held at the Town Hall, at a very short notice, relative to a lime of railroad proposed to be adopted by the South-Western Railway Company, to bring a branch from their line to Salisbury, Cranbourne, Wimborne, Blandford, Dorchester, and Weymonth. The meeting was well attended and the subject appeared to excite interest. much Prospectuses will shortly b e i ssue d, an d further parti cu l ars made public.— Sherburne Journal. THE SLTN, LOND NORTH BRITISH RAILWAY. Operations on this railway are now proceeding at all parts with great vigour and activity. In our own city the changes caused by this great work are not among the least striking. At the Calton-hill, where the line pierces the hill, the face of the declivity is cut into so as to make it steeper than ever, while the workmen plying their vocation at various heights on the hill, give the whole a singular appearance. Here also the wall is considerably raised on the north side of the North Back of Canongate, whence a bridge is to be thrown across the street on the progress of the line to its terminus at the North-bridge. Preparations are also making for the bridge that crosses the Abbey-hill at Simpson's coach-work; and the retaining wall there has already attained a considerable elevation. The houses facing the street here still stand ; but several that stood behind them have been removed to make room for the em bankment that is to carry on the line in its progress. From this point to the Meadow-bank Brewery, there is little trace of the works; but near this latter point, and just where the line enters the low grounds at Craigentinny, the surface of the ground has been removed, and workmen are busily employed driving piles to give a foundation for the extensive works that are intended to carry the line over to the high grounds east of Piershill. Mere we believe a viaduct is to cross the post-road, but nothing has yet been done with that view; and the next trace of the railway is to be found in a field adjoining the old Roman road to Portobello, now generally known as the Fishwives' Causeway. Here the portion of ground intended for railway purposes has been staked out, and csorkmen are employed to remove the sod. From this point the line proceeds to the southward of Portobello, and on the high ground above that town a considerable number of men are employed. The ground has not only been marked out, but the surface has been removed for a consider able length of road, preparatory to a deeper levelling, while iron rails and waggons are also collected in the immediate neighbourhood, with a view, we presume, to the formation of a temporary railroad for removing the soil. Near the easternmost part of Portobello the railroad crosses the road from that town to the vil lage of Easter Duddingstone, which it will do at a lower level ; and a good deal of progress has already been made here, in building the walls of a bridge which is to span the line, while the forma tion of the ordinary road, slightly altered in its course, and considerably heightened in its inclination, is pretty far advanced already. Further on the line crosses the road to a quarry in the neighbourhood, from which the greater part of the stones for the bridge are being procured. Here the railway goes above the road, and a viaduct is to be thrown over the road. Here the side walls of the bridge are up to the level of the road, and a number of workmen are busily employed rearing it further. A little onward the line encounters the small stream that falls into the sea near the Magdalen Foundry; but operations do not seem to have yet commenced here. From the ra pidity with which all these works are prosecuted, however, and the course adopted of commencing the more difficult parts of the line first, we cannot doubt that two years, or little more, will see this extensive line in full operation.—Edinburgh Evening Courant. LORD DENMAN'S SPEECH. THE JUDGMENT OF LORD DENMAN IN THE CASE OF OCONNELL AND OTHERS AGAINST THE QUEEN. as delivered in the , House - of Lords, Sept. 4, 1844 ; with Notes, a Preface, and Additional Observations. Edited by David Leahy, Esq., one of the Counsel in the Cause. London, H. Butterworth. This is a most acceptable and important contri bution to the political literature and constitutional history of the present times. The " preface" does great credit to the style and legal acumen of its editor; and inasmuch as it embodies in a terse and concentrated form a review of some important facts in the history of the case hitherto overlooked, or not sufficiently noted by a large body of the English public, we make no apology for here repeating it. " Considering the excitement with which the recent state prosecution was accompanied from the beginning, and the importance which was attributed to the ultimate result, it was naturally to be expected that the final judg ment of the House of Lords, upon whichever side it might happen to be delivered, would excite the censure of that party which had been unsuccessful in the litiga tion; and such, although to a very small extent, has been the actual consequence. It is not intended here to re argue the questions which have been set at Is st, or again expose the reasonings, which have been repro duced in other quarters, after having failed at the bar: still less is it deemed necessary to defend the motives of those by whom the judgment was pronounced, or by whose opinion it was supported. But as an array of all the judicial persons, both here and in Ireland, who have taken part in the proceedings, has been put forward, to show that the great majority was in favour of the judg ment of the Court of Queen's Bench in Dublin, 1 shall take leave to make one or two remarks upon that part of the subject. " And, first, as to the great question upon which the reversal has turned,—namely, the validity of the sixth and seventh counts,—all the Law Lords and Judges of England, with the single exception of Lord Brougham, differ from the unanimous opinion of the four Irish Judges. The majority in mere numbers is twelve to five.* " On the question, whether a general judgment is good, where some of the counts on which it proceeded are invalid, as the Irish Judges gave no opinion, the majority is less than it has been represented, consisting of two Law Lords and six Judges, against three Law Lords and two Judges, eight to tive.f " Perhaps, however, the only notice that ought to be taken of such statements, is by referring to the nature and office of a court of error, and the duty imposed upon it by its own essential constitution. That the authority of the Judges, whose decision is impugned, ought not to prevent the freest examination of the grounds on which it rests, is- not only proved by numberless precedents, and by the character of the proceeding itself, but is ex emplified in a striking manner in this very case, in which four out of five of the Lords, who voted in accord ance with the reported opinion of all the English Judges, overturned the unanimous judgment which the Court below had given in favour of the goodness of the two bad counts. That the House of Lords ought to listen with deference to the Judges, but ought not to adopt their opinions against its own conviction, is a truth beyond controversy.s " The following judgment is published in its present form, on account of the vast importance of the principles discussed. ' " The question whether the true import of the expres sion for his said offences,' in the judgment of the Court below, be that the punishment was awarded in respect of • all the facts indicted as offences, may be styled a tech nical, or possibly a grammatical question. But if it be answered affirmatively (as the deliberative judgment of the Court , below almost forces us to conclude), surely nothing can be more alarming than the doctrine by which alone the general judgment can be upheld,—viz., that a defendant may be punished for conduct which is not for bidden by the law. For, first, the proceeding is in itself unjust ; and, secondly, the openness to abuse that besets such a practice in any case, but especially in prosecutions for libel, and for political offences in general, is too ob vious to require exposure. " The other subject of this judgment is of a still more interesting character. " The Jury. Act, passed by Sir Robert Peel for England, in 1824, was well adapted to secure a fair jury ; in this country it has worked well, has stood the test of experience, and no distrust or suspicion has at tached to its operation. There is no reason for believing that it has not been strictly complied with in every single instance. "In 1833 a similar Act was passed for Ireland. It has given rise to much dissatisfaction, and has been more than once brought under judicial cognizance. " In a case before Lord Chief Justice Doherty (R. v. Fitzpatrick)§, the array was challenged upon the allega tion that the Recorder had improperly decided upon cer tain claims and objections. His Lordship thought that these judicial acts could not be so questioned ; an opinion by no means at variance with Lord Denman's argument, which, on the contrary, assumes its correctness. But the Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in Ireland expressed his intention to have reserved even this point for consi deration, if the party had been convicted; from a just sense, undoubtedly, of the vital importance of preserving the selection of juries not only from abuse, but even from suspicion. "In R. v. Conrahyll the challenge to the array was bold radically bad, because the excluded names were not specified. Mr. Justice, Torrens at , the same time took the opportunity of extrajudicially pronouncing the ob jection insufficient, upon the ground that all the enact ments of the Jury Act were (as he thought) merely directory. This epithet is well understood by lawyers as describing such directions as, though enjoined by statute, nobody is bound to obey. " From this extrajudicial dictum it appears to follow, that any book whatever, placed in the sheriff's hands, if entitled the jury book, must be received and acted upon as authentic and complete. Full license would be pro claimed, not only to every officer, but to every other person who could by force or fraud possess himself of the lists, to do with them whatever he chose. If sixty names had been objected to before the Recorder, but expressly adjudged by him to be entitled to be retained, the ob jector would only have to purloin the list which con tained them: or if hundreds or thouiands had been, after judicial inquiry, struck off' by the Recorder, still, if they could be fraudulently re-inserted, theyjmust remain upon the list, as the material from which, perhaps exclusively, the juries must be composed. " Such a license, according to general report, has in Ireland been freely assumed—to an extent, indeed, which would seem to warrant a statement that the Jury Act of 1833 has - never been practically in operation in that country. If a rigid enforcement of the Act should be likely to produce public inconvenience, the extreme laxity which is said to have prevailed is fraught with in numerable evils of a much worse description. When public attention has been effectually called to the sub ject, the Legislature will probably devise some effectual means of avoiding the inconvenience, and preventing the injustice. "As Lord Denman observed, in the course of his judgment, that he had committed to writing some ,state ments which he did not propose to address to the House, I took the liberty of requesting to be favoured with the inspection of the papers to which he alluded, with a view to their insertion in the present publication. His Lord ship was pleased in the most obliging manner to comply with this request, and to place the whole of the memo randa in question at n3y disposal, to be used according to . my own discretion. As they were composed at vaiious periods during the short interval between the close of the circuit and the day appointed for the re-assembling of the House, they necessarily included some actual repetitions as well as some brief expressions of opinions which are more fully developed in thejudgment as delivered. But the unprecedented interest and admiration excited among all parties by the delivery of this noble address—in every respect so worthy of the transcendent importance of the subject—induce me to believe that the public will be happy to hear that I haie exercised to the smallest poi- Bible extent the power of retrenchment with which I was invested in so confiding and condescending a manner, and that the papers in question, which are almost all printed at the end of the present publication, contain a full exposition of , the whole of his Lordship's opinions upon every part of the case." (TO DE CONTINUED.) * The Lord Chancellor, Lords Denman, Cottenhatn, and Campbell, and ,Lord Chief Justice Tindal, Barons Parke, Alderson, Gurney, Justices Patteson, Williams, Coltman, Maule, against Lord Brougham, and the four Irish Judges. f The Lord Chancellor, Lord Brougham, and Lord Chief Justice Tindal, Batons Alderson and Gurney, Justices Patteson Williams and Maule, against Lords Denman, Cottenham'and Campbell, Baron Parke, and Justice Coltman. • Lord Brougham expressly stated in his judgment, that the business of the Judges, upon such occasions, was to give the House of Lords—not " advice"—but only "information." § 1 Crawf. and Dix., 513. 11 1 Crawf. and Dix., 513 A case was brought before Mr. Sheriff Campbell, in the Small D e bt C our t of Paisley, last. Thursday, in every respect worthy o f the glimmering enlight enment of the middle ages. The parties lodged in one house, and one of them having had some article or other pur. loined from him, forthwith had recourse to the sortes being g er and spun acriptorum to detect the supposed thief. Selecting a mode of revelation which would not have disparaged Joe Smith, the Mormon prophet himself to have in vented, a particular chapter of the Old Testament, i n 1 which there occurs a vast number of proper names, w as roundsp r e f ad o o p r e n a , a fe n w d a s e lt e e o y ads plat h e y d a uponperk the k o f page e b fi e i i i thumb, the name at which it stopped was thereupon con strued to apply to the delinquent in the matter—the pursuer in the action. He, however, on the allegation that the key had been unfairly twirled, denied that the theft had been brought home to him ; but the other par ties, the defenders, having persisted in their accusation, the pursuer thought proper to sue them for damages for defamation of character. More in sorrow than in anger, the Learned Judge dismissed the case. We questi on if the 19th century has much to boast of whilst benighted ignorance like this lingers lathe land.—Paisley Advertiser STATE OF THE BRITISH NAVY IN THE PACIFIC. —The following is the amount of our naval force in the ay ; Cormorant, 6 Pacific :—Basilisk, 6, Lieut. H. S. hunt (acting), a t o ta . heite ; Carysfort, 26, Lord George Paulet, now or late at Sandwich Islands ; Collingwood, 80, Rear-Admiral Sir George Seymour, G.C.11., on her w Commander C. Hazard.A. I D B, ti c nt o z m e al ; (steamer), Commander G. P. Gordon ; Daphn e , Sir J. aJpt.Bs; (steamer), r i iT. Te e, ehmo ß mm a p r a t sh . o , dne a r; t 1 18, ANB T lBe.e h ts o lc m :ozi a , s enamo i llraat F mnnh i cido s sen g ;rtd a a r prs; d :aT , 2lß 4 aa6 2 alm,b , icia: C ntia:dp a e2;t p .r6 t : J. Captain J. J. Onslow ; Dublin, 50, Rear-Admiral R. Thalia, 42, Captain C. Hope. • 1 MESMERISM IN EDINBURGH. The most prominent topic of discussion at present in the northern metropolis is Mesmerism, demonstra tions of which so-called science have been repeatedly attended by nearly all the University professors now in the city, as well as by Professor Liebig, Mr. George Combe, awl a considerable number of other gentlemen distinguished in the world of science and letters. The following, which appears in the supple ment of the last North British Advertiser, is, we un derstand, from the pen of Bon Gaultier : " The recentlectures and experiments of Mr. Spencer Hall in this city have revived the interest in Mes merism, which had been in a great measure shaken by the somewhat suspicious demonstrations of the lecturers on the same suh'ect who had previously visited us. The facts of Mesmerism are of a nature so startling, and many of the demonstrations so clearly of a kind which it is possible, though perhaps only just possible, to imitate, that we must be satisfied not merely of the integrity, but also of the sagacity of the operator, before we can yield them our belief. Both these qualities Mr. Hall obviously possesses in a re markable degree. A mind that has from childhood taken nothing upon trust, that has always kept a free open eye and heart to the impressions and impulses of nature, and accustomed it se lf t o b u ild it s know ledge, wherever it was possible to do so, upon facts and individual experience, seems t o render him pe culiarly fitted for investigating the subject to which he has for some years- devoted his whole energies, while the combination of these qualities with a can dour, simplicity, and frankness, which at once inspire confidence in his sincerity, and a modest caution in drawing his deductions, entitle him to a fair and full hearing for whatever he may have to adduce. "The phenomena which he elicits are of so singular a kind—not only so unlike, but so contrary to, or dinary experience—that they must be seen to be believed. The story of the enchanter in the Arabian Nights, who held the Prince spellbound in a chair for years, has ceased to be a fable. He did no more than we have seen Mr. Hall do, in a less degree, again and again. But had we not seen this with our own eyes we must have regarded both cases as equally fabulous. "It will not do to maintain, as we have heard some do, that such phenomena are produced by collusion. Mr. Hall is above suspicion, and the inducements to the parties operated upon to act contrary to his will were too powerful to leave a doubt that they would have done so if they could. The strongest instance of this which we have seen occured at a demonstra tion, a few evenings ago, at a private house in the New Town of Edinburgh, in presence of a party of gentlemen met for the purpose of testing some of Mr. hall's experiments. The patients were four in num ber—three of them lads earning from 3s. 6d. to ss. per week, and the fourth a person to whom twenty pounds must have been an important sum. Mr. Hall, first, by what appeared a mere effort of will, made one of the lads unable to move from the place where he stood ; another was rendered unable either to walk or to drop a walking-stick which was put into his hand ; the third found himself incapable of rising from the chair in which he sat; while the fourth, who was told to rest his right knee upon a chair, could neither withdraw it nor move his other leg, While thus riveted, the operator offered twenty pounds to the boy who was then rooted to the ground, if he would abstain from sitting down in a chair which was placed at the distance of a few feet from him, and he likewise offered the same sum to each of the other parties who should not go out of the room. In a few seconds, the boy who was stand ing threw himself into the chair—the lad who was sitting sprang up and darted out of the room—the fingers of the boy who held the stick forced them selves open, and he shuffled, by working his heels and toes alternately, out of the room also. He could not walk, his legs having been previously made rigid by Mr. Hall. The fourth patient withdrew his knee from the chair, and after resisting the influence for three minutes and a half (the time fixed by Mr. Hall for accomplishing the experiment being five minutes), sprang forward into the adjoining room, to which Mr. Hall had withdrawn. Here collusion was out of the question. The patients were strangers to Mr. Hall,—twenty pounds a-piece was a bribe too tempting to be slighted,—and to suppose that they had either been promised, or had hopes of a larger sum for co-operating with Mr. Hall, would have been simply ridiculous. It was plain, that the parties would have won the money if they could. Their will was opposed to the operator's, but their limbs were entirely subservient to his control. Here, then, was an undeniable fact, directly at variance with all our previous experience. How is scepticism to ex plain it away ? Admit it, and what limits are to be set to the operations of the mysterious influence by which it is produced ? "The power of producing a rigidity and intensified muscular force, which shall make a delicate girl's arm oppose an easy resistance to a power that would bend a strong man's like a reed,—of twisting limbs into unnatural contortions without discomfort to the patient,—of producing entire insensibility to pain in the most sensitive parts of the body, are all facts demonstrated by Mr. Hall beyond the shadow of doubt. There is no sagacity in the scepticism which looks profound, and shakes its unbelieving head, and asks for explanation, of why and wherefore, when these phenomena are exhibited. The results are there,—there as unquestionable facts,---and it is nothing against their reality that no unequivocal rationale why they are so can be given. Principles may be guessed at, but they can be proved only by an aggregate of facts ; and a vast variety of observa tion and experience is required before a science can be framed. out of phenomena so new and so fluctuating as those of Mesmerism. But surely enough has already been demonstrated to make it the duty of all lovers of truth, of all students of physiology, of all medical men worthy of their profession, to inquire earnestly into the subject. If there be no truth in this thing let it be put down as a troublesome lie ; but if there be truth in it, then its results should be, without loss of time, converted, as they appear most capable of being, to the benefit of mankind. The apathy of the medical profession on this subject is not very creditable to them. We rarely meet one of its mem bers who does not admit the existence of some such influence or agency as that contended for by the mes merists ; and yet, admitting this much, they are con tented to let their inquiries stop here. They will let such men as Mr. Hall go on investigating the science through abuse, insult, and calumny, and the diffi culty arising from imperfect scientific knowledge ; and when the science is established, if established it shall be, and there is nothing to be feared in reputa tion or in purse from giving countenance to it, they will embrace it and convert it to their profit. Is it a fact, or is it not, that persons are cured by Mes merism of catalepsy, epilepsy, and all that monstrous train of nervous disorders which create much more than half the ailments of civilised life ? Is it a fact, that by it even organic disease of the most fearful kind, as in the case of Miss Martineau, is alleviated, and possibly removed? If these be facts—and they seem to be demonstrated by evidence as powerful as that upon which any other facts are admitted—then is it indeed time, to say the very least, that the medical faculty should devote the whole energy of their intellect and knowledge to this important subject. " That Mr. Hall has established a great variety of facts in Phreno-Mesmerism we think there can be no doubt. We have seen as little reason to suspect col lusion in his demonstrations of this class of phenomena as in those to which we have already alluded. In fact, it would tax our belief more to conclude that the parties operated upon were able to feign the mani festations which they exhibited than to suppose that they were influenced by some agency to which we were strangers. Actors, with a natural c ap a bility for expressing emoti on , and who have made grace and fitness of gesture and expression the study of a lifetime, have not been able to do what we have seen illiterate boys do. Nothing in sculpture surpasses the beauty of their attitudes, nothing in features irradiated by the habitual emotions of a noble and cultivated nature, is more exquisite than the expression which we have seen light up their features, when the organs of the higher moral faculties have been excited. They speak, and their stumbling grammar, halting sense, and vulgar di a l ec t b ecome fluent and forcible lan guage, delivered in the tones and with the manner of a superior class. How comes it, if all this be acting, that this marvellous faculty is not turned to account, when it would be the certain source of wealth ? People who ask us to believe it to be acting forget that they are taxing our credulity quite as much as Mr. Hall. "Much more will require to be known and esta blished in regard to Mesmerism in all its branches, before its uses, both as regards mental and physical science ' can be ascertained. But in the meantime, enough has been established in our opinion to entitle it to the thoughtful and patient scrutiny of all lovers of truth." Hampton Court Palace was enlivened, on Friday evening last, by a ball given by Lndy Maatgomery to all the fashionables in its vicinity. Du EL.-BA YONN OCT. 21.—Yesterday afternoon a duel took place on the Spanish frontier, - near St. Jean de Luz, between an English and Frenith gentleman, named Canning and Chaho. They fought with sharp foils, and the former, after receiving a sc catch in the throat, severely wounded his adversary (who , fought left handed) just under the region of the heart. M. Chaho was immediately conveyed to the neighbour ing village of Biriatore, where he now lies, with but faint hopes of recovery. This unfortunate affair is the genemt topic of conversation here, and has created a deep .sensation amongst all classes. It appears that Mr. Cason ing con tributes, by way of amusement, to a light weiel,cly jour nal published in Bayonne, and called Trilbs v •whilst M. Chaho is the editor of another hebdomadal -periodical, bearing the sobriquet of Ariel. A rivalry sot n sprung up between these papers, and the other day A 1. Chaho struck our countryman during a dispute, the , subject of which is not known. Such are _the principal . causes of this duel. Mr. Canning returne,4 to Bayonne hi t t night, and has not been arrested yet. EXTRAORDINARY SUICIDE OF T WO PERSONS. KILMARNOCK, OCT. 24. This morning, about seven o'clock, as a man and woman were passing along the Irvine river, beneath the Milton-bridge, which is about three miles from Kilmar nock (on the Kilmarnock and Troon Railway), they observed a hat and veil tied on a parasol stuck in the ground, a short distance from the water's edge, and on looking into the river they perceived the bodies of a gentleman and lady lit comparatively shallow water, and about ten feet from the bank. Notice was conveyed to Mr. Smith, farmer, at West Gateshead, the nearest house to the spot, who, with his servant, came and assisted in raising the bodies. These were found to be attached by two handkerchiefs (red and white)knotted together, and tied round the arm of each. The bodies were removed to the house of Mr. Smith, and their persons searched, in order to ascertain, if possible, the names and addresses of the deceased. Both were well dressed and had the appearance of persons moving in a respectable rank of life. The gentleman was dressed in a black coat, black vest, with under satin vest, trousers of dark blue doeskin, with boots. He was of a ruddy complexion, about five feet eight inches in height, gray hair, and apparently near sixty years of age. The lady was about the same age, attired in a black silk gown, a Dunstable bonnet, a boa around her neck, black silk gloves, with a plain gold ring on her finger. In her pocket were a fruitlinife, penknife, toothpick, and gold pin, satin pincushion, an eighteenpenny Lai stamp, and four postage stamps ; also two keys of a trunk, and a watch seal, with the word " Kate" engraved thereon. On the gentleman were found a plain and rather old fashioned watch, three gold seals attached by a black silk riband, with the letter " B" engrave!' ; a silver pencil case, a gold ring on his finger, is. 6d. in silver, and lid. in copper ; in his pockets ; also a gold toothpick in an ivory case, a pair of o'd steel spectacles, a two-bladed penknife, a pocket comb, a steel pencil-holder, and a gold watch key. A number of individuals belonging to Gateshead, at tracted by the rumour, flocked to the farmhouse, several of whom recognised the deceased as having appeared in the village yesterday forenoon walking arm-in-arm, when they inquired of the villagers the distance to the river, and whether there was liberty given to walk along the banks. They went on, and were seen in a short time thereafter to return and walk towards Kilmarnock. The watch was found to have stopped at twenty minutes to nine o'clock, and had not been exhausted in the wind ing up, thus indicating the time when the parties had accomplished their awful purpose. The part of the river where the bodies were found is not above three feet deep, but immediately beneath is a deep pool. The act of self-destruction must have been committed in the most cool and deliberate manner, and their death unattended with any serious struggle, from the position in which the bodies were found. There was not the slightest mark of violence perceived on either of their bodies. Mr. Andrew, Procurator-Fiscal, proceeded to the spot at an early hour, made the requisite investigation, into the melancholy circumstances, and this forenoon the bodies were removed to Kilmaurs, to lie there to await any further information that can be obtained. On making inquiry in town, we understand that a lady and gentleman, answering the above description, came on Tuesday eight days to reside at the commercial inn here, having arrived by railway from Glasgow. They brought two trunks, but gave no address. They seemed to have no acquaintances in town, but took fre quent walks in company along the streets, and ap peared to live most agreeably together—affording no evidence that they were by any means embarrassed in their circumstances, or troubled in mind. Yester day, after taking dinner, they left the inn about five o'clock P.M , intimating to Mrs. Wyllie that they would probably be late, as they were going to take a moonlight walk, and enjoy the tine scenery of the neigh bourhood The gentleman had been in the custom of visiting the coffee-room and reading the papers in the evening ; he had a plea Sing address, and gave no indica tion that he was a person labouring under great dis tress of mind, or in needy, circumstances. They paid their bill that day, and no person, so far as is known, has any claim on them in this neighbourhood. In the bedroom remain a brown great coat, a silk pelisse, a small work-box and two leathern trunks, which have evidently been much used. No address appears on any of the articles, and Mrs. Wylie had no opportunity of knowing their names. This extraordinary event has caused a great sensation in the neighbourhood, and all conjecture at present into the motives of the deceased is set at defiance. They lived as man and wife, and, where ever they hare come from, have kept their names a strict secret. From the small sum of money found on their persons, they appear to have exhausted their means so tar, but the valuables they possessed could have affi,rded them the means of livelihood for same time longer. PROPOSED RAILWAYS TO HARROGATE, &C.—The promoters of the railway from Harrogate and Knares borough to Bolton Percy, do not intend to renew their application to Parliament in the next session, the scheme being abandoned. This will enable the influence of this district to be thrown entirely in favour of the intended Leeds and Thirsk line. The York and North Midland Railway Company are surveying a line of railway from Midland or Sherburn, on that line, to near Harrogate, by way of Thorp Arch, Wetherby and Spofforth, in order to afford a more ready communication to the south and south•east than will be given by the Leeds and Thirsk proposed rail way.—Harrogate Advertiser. THE LITE SERIOUS CHARGE AGAINST A MEDICAL MAN.—On Saturday afternoon Mr. William Carter, Coroner for Sarrey, resumed and concluded an inquiry at the George Tavern, Lambeth-walk, relative to the death of Mrs. Mary Tretnlett Turner Brenton, aged thirty-four, wife of Mr. Henry Brenton, an apothecary, of Newport-street, Lambeth. The full particulars of the case have already appeared in The Sun. The Coroner said it was now his duty to make known to the public the decision of the jury, who had, after a most pro tracted investigation, returned a verdict of Manslaughter against Henry Brenton. The several witnesses were then bound over to appear at the Central Criminal Court to prosecute. OXFORD-STREET WOOD PAVING.—On Saturday considerable sensation was crewel in the Marylebone Vestry, in consequence of a notice of motion having been given, calling upon the vestry to renew their con tract for three years with the Metropolitan Wood Paving Company, for keeping in repair and cleansing that por tion of wood paving laid down by them between Wells street and Rathbone-place. Mr. E. Joseph having been appointed to the chair, Mr. IL C. Wilson rose to submit his resolution, but was interrupted by Mr. Harbut, who called upon the Vestry-clerk to state whether the resolu tion, come to by the vestry in March, 1843, to refuse to entertain the subject of wood paving for a period of three years, did not preclude the vestry from entering into the present motion. Mr. Flood (the vestry-clerk) apprehended that it did not. The minute of March, 1843, applied to the extension of wood paving, and not to the question of keeping in repair that already laid down. After a very stormy discussion, in which Messrs. Tabrum, Daniell, Augarde, Grange, Wilson, and Harbut took part, a division was demanded alien there appeared fur the resolution, 21 ; against it, 23 ; majority, refusing to enter into the contract, 2. The vestry then separated. ARNICA MONTANA, OR LEOPARD'S BANE. NERVOUS DEAFNESS.—This plant is a native of Ger• many, and belongs to the class Syngenesia ; order, Polygamia superflua of Linnaeus, and to the tenth class; third order, Cerymbiferne of Jussieu. It is placed in the System of De Candolle in the Corollifloral Exogens, ordeps Asteracce or Composite. In the " Materia Medics" it is classed with the Narcotics, and, from its botanical position, it may be considered as a Narcotico-acrid. The filwera, leaves, and root, have been applied to medical* purposes. The flowers of this plant have a slightly fetid smell, and a taste pene trating and bitter. The infusion from maceration -in water shows that both the taste and smell are extracted during the process. When administered their stimulating power and narcotic effects are evidenced in their action on the general system. In a moderate dose they increase the force of the circula tion, and they further serve to give tone to the mus cular fibre. In larger doses they induce purging, vomit ing, &c., which are sometimes succeeded by pains in the muscles of voluntary motion, vertigo, and occasionally convulsions. According to Dupuytren, the emetic effects arise from certain downy particles from the plant, which g't diffused through the infusion. This infusion has been very successfully exhibited in amaurosis, paralysis, convulsive disorders, and also in rheumatism and gout (and the last two years by Dr. Cronin in nervous deafness, and palpitation of the heart, since which time several eminent surgeons have testified to its efficacy). The root of this plant is tonic and aromatic, so much so, that it has been used as a substitute fel. Peruvian bark.—From Dr. Cronin's, Craven-street. Strand, " Treatise on Arnica Montana in the Cure of Nervous Deafness, and Palpitation of the Heart." The Hereford large October fair was held on Monday last, the 21st instant, and was decidedly a better one than had been anticipated. The number of cattle was not so large as on many previous occasions. Fat cattle sold well and freely, as they did on the pre vious Saturday (show day). Owing to the scarcity of keep there was no great demand for lean cattle, but in the course of the day many changed hands at lower prices. Fat cows and steers fetched from sd. to 51d. per pound, which was about the price at which the best muttons sold. There was a considerable demand for store pigs, which were sold at rather advanced prices. There were none but second-rate horses, and not many sold. The hop trade was very brisk, and the highest current prices fully realised.—Ten Towns' Messenger. THE GREAT BRITAIN STEAM-SHIP.—BRISTOL, OCT. 26.—This noble vessel is at length released from her protracted confinement in our float. The necessary alterations in the uppear lock leading from Cumberland Basin into the float having been made, she was yesterday evening, between six arid seven o'clock, removed from her moorings on the Sea-banks, and proceeded majesti cally down the floating harbour to the entrance of the lock, where she remained for the night, and this morn ing, at seven o'clock, she was brought safely through the lock into Cumberland Basin, where she will remain for a few days, to have the screw affixed, &c. It is then intended that she shall make one or two trial trips, after which she will proceed to London. BRUTALITY.-Mr. Higgs on Thursday resumed the ir, quest on the body of a woman named Parker, whose husband was in custody, awaiting the result, it being alleged that his brutal violence towards her had caused her death. On . a post mortem examinatian, the surgeons gave it as their opinion that this violence, though it had undoubtedly accelerated, had not directly caused, he death. The coroner deeply regretted that on this evi dence it would be useless to commit the prisoner, even for manslaughter. The jury declared he was one of the greatest ruffians they had ever heard of, and returned a verdict in accordance with the medical evidence, but also expressed very strongly their feeling of the brutal treatment the poor woman had received from her husband. , SCOTCH BANKING. At the general meeting of the Edinburgh Mer chant Company, held in' their Hall on Monday, J. P. MITCHELL, the Chairman, said he need hardly advert to the great interest which this subject was exciting among all classes in Scotland, especially among the mercantile and trading classes, further tha n to say, that that interest and excitement had induced him, along with deputations representative other public bodies, to call upon their representative, Mr. B. Macau lay, when recently in Edinburgh, and lay before him all the information in their power with respect to the working of the present banking system, its perfect safety, the satisfaction of all classes of society with it, and their alarm at the prospect of its being in any way interfered with. Mr. Macaulay certainly heard the deputation with willingness and attention, but the feeling which seemed to be uppermost with him was just this—it seems to be the impression in the minds of all Englishmen, that gold in the shape of sovereigns is a good thing to circulate south of the Tweed, and they cannot understand why in that case they should not be an equally good medium of cir culation to the north of the Tweed. This statement would show them what was in the minds ofpublic men ; it was an index of the general state of feeling among the leading statesmen ; and Scotchmen—especially all the Scotch traders and merchants, must make up their minds to use strong exertions if they would preserve a continuance of the present system of bank ing, which had wrought so well for all classes and in terest in the country, and without any injury what ever. They must join the noblemen and gentlemen of the counties, and other public bodies 'who were now moving to preserve the present system of bank ing. It may be all true that the sovereign currency did well in England, but it could never do in Scot land, where they were so far removed from London, and where their transactions were generally of a much smaller kind than in England. He could easily show that the system would be most expensive, for the trading part of the community would have to bear the expense cf the heavy exchanges between town and town, and they would be continually in volved in a scarcity of the circulating medium. It was the duty of Scotland to stand up and decide this question, before anything was done at all in the way of preparing an Act of Parliament. If they did so, the Prime Minister would not run in the face of the united feelings and sentiments of the whole people. It was agreed to remit the matter to the Master and Assistants with the addition of Mr. Cadell. Mr. JAMES M'LAREN wondered that Sir Robert Peel should have such an extraordinary anxiety about the stability of Scotch banks—it would be more worth his attention to look after the banking system of Eng land, which had never been in so safe a state that it should be put forward as an example to this part of the empire. But what was the evidence that the Scottish banking system was unsafe ? Could any thing be safer ? The paper circulation throughout the whole country by all the banks did not' exceed three or four millions of money. To back that paper circulation, which was absolutely necessary for the purposes of commerce, there was a proprietary capital of twelve millions sterling, which was at all times liable to make good any deficiencies that could pos sibly occur. They were told, notwithstanding the perfect security and convenience of the present sys tem, that Mr. Maeaulay seemed to justify interference with it on the ground, that if a gold currency had done well in England, it would also do well in Scot land. He (Mr. MiLaren) would reverse that senti ment, and maintain that England's currency had never been so safe as Scotland's, and he would draw from that fact the conclusion, that a gold currency having always worked ill in Ingland—he meant as compared with the small note currency of Scotland— it would undoubtedly, if introduced into Scotland, work as ill there as it had done in the south. Mr. CADELL said, that the country would be roused from one end to the other to tell Sir Robert Peel that they would not allow their banking system to be trifled with. Where was there a shadow of evi dence or of reason for meddling with a system which all agreed had worked to the satisfaction of all inte rests throughout the country ? A Parliamentary Committee in 1826, in consequence of the strong opinion then expressed, declared that the system, having worked so well, it ought not to be meddled with. They had had eighteen years further practical experience of the working of the system, and what had occurred since then to make an alteration necessary in 1844, which, in 1826, was found to be impolitic and un reasonable ? If they had learned anything in that time, it was to value more and more their banking system, which had stood safe when that of England had frequently brought the country into jeopardy. He hoped that the company, and all the other public bodies, would take up firmer ground on this great question, and adopt the most decided steps to crush the project at its outset. _ A n fre; some remarks by Mr. MTAuLAN, power was given to the Master and Assistants to watch the pro gress of matters, and to co-operate with other bodies. HURRAH FOR HIGH-lIA.NDED JUSTICE ! —We are glad to see that the wisdom of our ancestors, as evinced in the punishment of offenders, which, we feared, had fallen into general contempt, continues, in some favoured nooks of these dominions, to govern the pro ceedings of the magistracy. A glorious case occurred at the Banbury Petty Sessions. One John Coggins, labourer, was charged with an offence against the game laws. He, had been seen, on the morning of the Ist of September, walking about in a stubble field with a gun. William Cowling, one of the Earl ofJersey's lookers -out, saw him, the rascal I Coggins, to be sure, had no dog, nor did any game get up, neither did he fire ; but wit ness too k h i s gun away. A stupid jury might have doubted whether he was sparrow shooting or not, or have believed his story, that he was going to guard his potato crop. But he had a true English ma gistrate to deal with, who was t oo d eep for the rogue. Mr. Matthews said it was painful to him to address the prisoner. Of course. M r . M att h ews, says the Times reporter, is a clergyman, as well as a sportsman ; and we may excuse the weak ness, particularly as Mr. Matthews, smothering his sen sibilities, inflicted on the offender a penalty of ten pounds, and said a distress warrant should be levied for the amount. Coggins declared that his goods would not fetch that money. " Then," said the just Matthews t d t e dhave r s(ohuonwdewdealiftear malediction Then two months' hard labour." Goggins will probably be ) a " y l a o y u s m t a o n u d t h c o l m v o m u ruined, with his wife and family, if he has any. This is the way to keep fellows in order. This is the method to teach people what they are at. Would that our 'squirearchy had still the making of the laws. Rogues would soon see what was what. Oh, for the good old days of the stocks, the pillory, and the gallows ! Alas ! they scarcely ever hang anybody now l—Punch. TUESDAY ORNING, OCTOBER 29 1844. MARKET NEWS.-(YESTERDAY' CORN EXCHANGE. The arrivals of English Wheat up to our market alit' ° ing the past week have been moderately good ; 1111° those of Barley and Oats, collectively, were very exte'' reduc e, sive. Fresh up, the receipts of Wheat of home produ _ coastwise, as well as by land carriage and sample'we!: by no means large, yet the stands were well Owing, however, to the Queen's visit to the City, fornd, t u° purpose of opening the new Royal Exchange , t he littlatterl_ :Ince of both factors and dealers was small, and so business was transacted in consequence that last wee prices were nominally unaltered. The same cause will ° influenced the trade with English Wheat operated oP that with Foreign, the rates of which were stationaq: There was a large quantity of Barley on sale. Thole; transactions reported were at full currencies, althoog.. much caution was manifested by the dealers, arising from the present extreme value of the article. Malt, ti supply of which was by no means large, moved off slowl , at late rates. The quantity of Oats offering was, l „ ar t e ri t , but we have to report very few sales in that desolyin-ur of grain, at previous figures. Beans, Peas, a nd were a, mere drug, at late rates. . -• CURRENCY PER IMPERIAL MEASURE ~,,,,t0... WHEAT—Essex & Kent, MALT—Chevalier...../ red ...... 4os to 48s OATS—Yorkshire and .41. to Ditto, white Norfolk and Lin- 393 to 46. Pyootaugtoheati.Lt..d...al: .. 77, to 0: coin, red Ditto white ....... _. ............. „ A . to g 0 Irish, red 47s to 508 Cork, white . ........ 0 34 Ditto, white ftvig—Old New :36s to 3851 Pigeons ................ triito,.„ BARLEY—Grinding 2Bs to 325; Pees- Grey .....••••••"*. mg to ,T ; Malting 150 to Y Chevalier ..... ...,-.. 35s to 38s White .......... ........ sti . to g ,t Maur—Suffolk and Nor- Boilers ......... .......• t o, 0 folk s6s to 62s nowt—Town made .. . to 90' Brown sos to 54s Suffo'k..... ...... ....••• n ' r. , 09 6 Kingston and Ware 56s to 625, Stockton &Norfolk .7 FOREIGN GRAIN AND FLOUR IN BOND• omi to9 6 WHEAT—DantZie Hamburgh ...... BARLEY 3os to 33s FLOUR—American ...... Nto OATS—New Feet! l4s to 16s .. SMITHFIELD. the In our market the supply of Beasts was, even (Oh -o time of year, considered very extensive, the 1111 b e te bespoke for last evemng exceeding 4,000 head ; great deficiency was apparent in its quality. N °t " - ost standing the attendance of buyers was rather nuteer°oo the Beef trade was extremely heavy. However' 0 68 primest Scots, &c., sold at prices about equal to bid. obtained on this day se'nnight ; but those of the, 133 4t1 tiling and inferior breeds suffered a decline of clu".011 per 81b, and a clearance was not effected. Frrdn2oo s borl northern grazing districts we received about 2, 50, horns, while the droves from Norfolk, Suffolk, t' s nl ,r and Cambridgeshire, consisted of 400 Scots and b°"te6 breads ; tho,e from the western and rn . dland e° lin f r oo l comprised 400 Herefords, runts, Devons, &c. ; these 'bile other parts of England 500 of various breeds ; 05. from . Scotland 200 Scots came to hand, by st e rde Daring the week the imports of foreign Stock new tariff have been large, they having aunt l , n i „ - '1 180 Beasts, and 160 Sheep, thereby making the re" - totals for the present year:— Oxen and Cog• 1,74 9 80 250 960 160 London Liverpool Huli Southampton Devonport Total 3,190 frog There were on sale to-day 40 Beasts and 50 Sh,n e e l l e fo l , Rotterdam in fair condition. The supply of Bugs` but moderate, yet the Mutton trade was in a very 5 etor state, at barely last week's prices. In Calves, th. e g bens of which were rather Itmited, next to notbligi , doing. The same observation may be applied to cy Per 81bs. to sink the offal. s. d' t 1 j s d. to s. d. • Inferior Beasts ..... 2 4 2 f Second qualityditto... 6 I Second quality ditto... 2 8 2IC Coarse.woolled ditto.. 9 ,0 Prime large Oxen 3 0 3 S Southdown Wethers I Prime Scots, &c. Large coarse Calves 3 4 3IC Large Hogs ............. 8 _ll Prime small ditto 4 0 4 4 Small Porkers. ....... .. 3 0 In n 1 Suckling Calves, each 18 0 32 4 , Quarter old Pigs, eachl d " v Inferior Sheep SUPPLY AT MARKET. Beasts. I Sheep. I Calves. 0 3,910 I 28,610 136 2T EIXTGATM AND LEAD EZIT FLA TI- 4 c oti , r, Notwithstanding the arrivals of Meat from e gteY ' and distant parts of England have been t o lerahli, id° sive during the week, and though the supplies lollenro dr metropolis have been seasonably good, the ge ne e be t mand has ruled tolerably steady, and prices h a / 1 30 4 5 well supported. About 20 carcasses of Dutch form and 40 ditto of Sheep, have been on offer. 'M e a d 10 S1 have sold at from 2s 6d to 3s ; the latter, 25 per 81bs. At per stone, ky the Carcase. d. y°9l l a. d. to s. d. s• w d $ Beef, inferior.....- ..... 2 4 2 6 Mutton, inferior 3 0 ..... 2 8 210 ---- 3 4 ---prime large .-- 3 0 3 2 -- prime 9 6 y ' -- prime small ...... 3 4 3 6 Pork, large ......... Veal ........ ..—.. 3 4 4 4 small .............. --- ARRIVALS DURING THE PAST WEE S ' 110 Beasts. Sheep. Calve' 4 1 0 Scotland 4O 400 Yorkshire ................... 300 """ 1 1 0 Norfolk Suffolk I I .° Cambridgeshire . 140 0 0 200 135 . 9 6 no 6 0 6° he 90 1 06 100 5 0 /,ml Total 2lB 1,410 425 1, 61 0 Previous week's arrival Diftrence since our last 36 22 23 BOROUGH HOP IVIARTLBT. For selected qualities of both new and yearllg te the demand still continues active, at fully the a w vance in the quotations.. In most kinds of 00 5 , business is doing, at our quotations. The duty isoltt 130,000/. Sussex pockets, 61 lOs to 7/ 1 0 s.„.; 1 0" 1 ' 6/18s to 8/ ; Mid Kent, 8l to 101 lOs ; East 1 0 " „ 01 to 91 ; choice do., 10/ to 121; Farnhams, 10/10s t° W 0036 BIARRET. to The arrivals of Wool into London since Ve 3 „ o have consisted of 1,400 bales from Sydney' , 1 ;', from Smyrna, 71 ditto from Algoa Bay, 100 „ba, le o rj Hamburgh, and 200 ditto from other parts. AT contract comparatively little business is doing' I e are generally supported. be g BOROUGH AND sprrA.T.rxvio , in 0 A very large quantity of Potatoes arrive"coll'it Pool during the past week from Scotland, th e a nd' Islands, and various parts of England. The d erij oli r io consequence, is exceedingly dull, at droopin 55 5 ; Per ton :—York Reds, 60s to 80s ; Perth ditto , 5 0, 60s ; Cornwall ditto, 55s to 60s ; Jersey __, l3l ,_ ti f te g, ec ' ditto Whites, 45s to 50s ; Kent and Essex vvii,,," 4 - te :l Wisbeach Kidneys, 55s to 60s ; ditto Whites , du' Mr Guernsey Blues, 50s ; ditto Whites, 45s to 5 03; Regents, 50s to 60s. -: -90) Essex 5urrey......... ......... ....... 40 Devonshire Wiltshire Other parts ............... 20 CAPTURE OF THREE SHARKS.—On v i j 9 while some of the fishermen employed at 1 1 °':,„ r iein; fishery were drawing in their nets, they ex„r c iillid like the fisher in the Eastern tale, great ow'," Isliv„ o 6 bringing them to land. When their task was w ise, ,It accomplished, the obstruction was found to at ; c op y from an iron casket enclosing a genii, but &O n oevot of young sharks which had got entangled in ti r ats f e el and were making furious struggles to escaPe yeti 0 1 unwonted prison. Both measured upwards of r s e ase b o i & in length. The stomach of one containin eateso4 a trout. After the oil had been extracted ," t he to se were removed to a field near Townhill Cornell ley as manure. On the Tuesday 'Previous, one eceoclll, was caught, making three of these voraciousil,efto" gerous fish caught within the weeic.—Berwic h BERTIES. e t, th e On the 16th inst., at West Parley Rectory, Do w of the Rev. Henry J. Buller, of a son, still-Lor n s f 4. th e On the 24th inst., at Highclere ' Parsonage, WO — reP of the Rev. R. M`Donald Caunter, of a daughter. 111 On the 24th inst., at Ef f ingham-hill, Sarrey, the pot, Captain William E. Rawlinson, of a son. 1 , ,,b 01 On the 16th inst., at Naples, the lady of vs' I,l°l of a son. ber t On the 22d inst., the wife of the Rev. Henry —° at IPir Vicar of Carew, Pembrokeshire, of a son. On the 24th inst., at the Lord Chief Baron 's, ,off Lady Pollock, of a son. On the 25th inst., at Fulham, the wife o f PO j it, O Esq., of a son. P e On the 25th inst., at Kentish-town Mrs. Sa muel ~ s yje i of a daughter. 0 1 On the 25th inst., at Pall-mall, Mrs. Wil bralo of a son. Sp MARRIE. fl On the 23d inst., at St. Paul's C h apel, , Edinbut tolfor Newcombe Maltby, Esq., of the Madras Civil ServiThC° Howard, second daughter of the late Lienteno° Ar James Michael, Hon. East India Company's Serviclq., On the 23d inst., at Oakingham, C. H. White' dO r of Oriel College, Oxford, to Louisa Boak, VOUng e t ' , ta• 9l of the late Bartholomew Browne, Esq., of bakingl i .pet i r# o , On the 24th inst., at Sutton Venev, Edmund S' Bengal Artillery, to Fanny, Saughter of the D. Thring, D.D., Rector of Sutton Irene'', e ' P Fisherton Delame.re, Wilts. Surrey, o f J On the 24th inst., at Mitcham Church , Tibbey, Esq .of Balham, to Mary Ann, daughter ce" Moore, Es 24q., of Mitcham, Surrey. On the th in, t., at St. Mary's, Padding t°' to P -e plicr ' Edward Gray, M.A., Brasenose College, Oxfo r "; ' Geraldine, daughter of Sir Herbert Compton, "". e e , lc tb gardens the 24th inst., at St. Leonard's Chu ifee4 Sarah Caroline, eldest daughter of Sir D. Holt , ° _,,ate 4 to Frederick Edward Lestourgeen, of Alder'44' London. rv iebt ie j On the 24th inst., at Christ Church, St Al James Boyd, of Cunningham-place, St. Jo',, Jil d, 02' Eliza, second daughter of Mr. Edward Bart''' street, St. Martin 7 s-le-Grand. DIED. lot On the 17th inst., at Cheltenham, Mary • Captain Greensill, R.N. ril•got, On the 20th inst., at Deal, Henrietta Fitch,, 9 ,b pr of ' On the 22d inst., Harriet, the second daugnii . ) 1r Skipper, of Norfolk-street, Park-lane, HydeJo-P,3„r,s-ifo'' On the 22d inst., at Circus Cottage, St. ' re' f 1 01 ;1 0‘. Sarah Johnston. e., t_ On the 23d inst., at Northumberland-sire the late Barbara C. C. Collinson, youngest daughter of ist icl• John Collinson Vicar of kirkharle, Northuinbersent, Lo o t On the 23d inst., at the Vicarage, St°ke'ester• Pearson, Esq., late Collector of Excise of Rooo,,,Dior io , o , On the 23d inst , at Yarm, Mary, the wife or 'a a On the 24th inst., Susanna, wife of Mr. Bielr E'l Crouchend, Hornsey. Ilfr 3 " On the 23d inst., at Horn sev - ro w, Isling t°ll ' 00 1 (1 0 1 beth Maltby, relict of the late G. Maltby, E,.,t l ' f i o tte , eft On the 24th inst., at Tonbridge-wells, C h of Geo° I, of the Rev. Baden Powell, Savilian Professor 0 ' .ot fee the University of Oxford. of s 4* th On the 24th inst., Thomas Holding, En , Greenwich. j o t London : Printed and Publi°-11ed by 81UR13606, 14 „;ti No. 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sun. t he Strand, in the Precinct of the Savoy, i n ALL.ldleeez, Malley, October 29, 1844.