The Sun. — London, England, 1844-03-20 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. PROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF TESTER - 1)1Y. , r1!1 I • • GLOBE.—The debate on. Lord Ashley'atiroposition to limit the hours for women and ehildren..ernployed in. factories to ten houM, was resumed last night: After a protracted but highly interesting discussion, it.was car ried. Sir Jollies Graham had proposed that thellank shotild be filled up with • " twelve'-' hours.; and was sup ported by the members of the Governreent. The lesser number of hours wai,"however, adopted by th e Commit tee; by a majority of nine • the nutebers being—for the amendment, 179; against a it a l . 7o, _ Ministers thus sus ; tamed a defeat,- which, thoagb .net Of, ,apaety,aliaracter, is sufficiently , mortifying, . and, may occasion conai7 derable embarrassment to them, on other queations. The' observations made by Sir James Graham, after the numbers were tinfitiunced, showed' that he was taken by surprise. lie intimated an • intention--.if, - when the question came - before the Committee in a more sub stantive form, a. similar result was obtained—to abandon the Bill as ,a Government measure, and thus east 'the responsibility upon the House. With this admonition to the adherents of the Governmena, there is .no reason to expect that. the clause as it now stands will : be adhered to. Lord Ashley, and those who voted with.him a will. either give way, and allow twelve hours to be intro duced as the limited duration of factorylabour, or the Bill will be withdrawn. A reference to our repeat- of the' diseuision will show that the propositions of Sir James Giaham and Lord Ashley . were respectively . supported and opposed without silly reference to . mere. party politics, and even with an avoived - change, of Oanuon in. leading in•lividuals, on . loth aides of the-House. Sir George. Grey, Lord Howick,, Lord, John Russell, and others' of lesser _note .on, the Oppo sition- benches, who had in 1838 and 1839 sup ported the twelve hours - term of labour, now spoke.and voted in favour of Lord 'Ashley's 'proposed limitation of the period of laboUr to ten hours; while Load Eliot, and others on the Ministerial bencheS, - who now 'sup ported the proposition of twelve hours, were, then found among .the approvers of. the . ten houra. .This ‘change. of views, on animportant practical question a havieg no con- . section with party, must be referred to.the effect preduced upon candid and inquiring - minds by the force of evidence subsequently adduced. With singular 'bad .taste, and with `that unfortunate forgetfulness of strikina pas sages in his O%iri hiStory, which he thus brings to the reeelleciion Of' every body else, Sir James Graham taunted Sir GCorge Grey with an abandonthent of his former views on this question ; and thuS dreW down upon himself another of. those.. rejoinders' which such provocations to retaliate generally _produce : 77 -" 'the Right Honourable Baronet opposite had charged him (Sir-G. Grey) with personal inconsistency With regard to his vote of 1839. The Right - Honourable „Baronet ought to have some little' charity on the score of in consistency.—(Laughter and cheers.) . Since 1839 much information had been collected, - and Ilia regard for consistency should not . ind u ce him to disregard the alight : - that had been thrown upon the subject." On-the important principles anvolved, toe question which had thus occasioned so striking a change of opi a nion, and consequently of action, in some of the leading statesmen of the country, of both parties, it would be deemed boldness, approaching to presumption, were we to expresi ourselves in' terms Of positive decision. It becomes us rather to pause and eiareitie; than to eammit ourselves to a view, whiCh we niayle dom-• polled, by the, foroe 'of testimony, to reconsider ; and having done so, to medify,:if not reverae, the judg e meet we had hastily .cleliv_ered. With this view we rather refer our readers...tee:the debate,:that they may form their o wn judgment on the - case, as presented by the speakers leith sides;; i They *ill thus be put in possession of the history of legislative interference with factory labetir ; had the effecta of that interference on the trenches of mannfactiire'tea*hieh that !interference has applied, and .on the' Of.' capital' and the interests of industry; .**whiaji . .lt has interfered. We were . particula r ly . etanek..With`,a passage in Mr. Labouchere's speech, and by a. annilai.one in that of . Sir Robert Peel, in which thea.effects: of the pro posed restriction of the hours ;of labour .would .have upon the wages of the labourers, are described... Though the ton hours' clause only refers to Women and children, the clause will, in its practical_ operation, affect men also ; .as the departments of factory labour in which women and children are. .employed,' must be kept in motion, in order that theSaeepumed by the men may be' available to the general, design. Hp*_ is the in Wag-es, which .the` diminished amount of ,leboUr will occasion, to be Supplied ?a',This excision .of one sixth from the earnings of those who will thus be pre 7 vented from .pursuingabi`-tarnPloymente on which they depend for su stetice; Mt* ,be 'faille wed by privations extending araan i e'-siath 'of' aggregate of their present supply. In the times''of Fa - Mt - demand' for goods, fabricated by the labour of these police*: their increased wages may tear the:diminutionl, but whenahe demand is _slack, and .wages low 7 --When labour, taxed . to ,its limit; will scarcely precure a Su ffi cien c y of bread-: a the privations inflicted lay, this well-ineent, but questionable benevolence. will be increased. ,--By limiting lab Our, the power of obtaining. the ',essentials ofhuman. existence must be, to the lame extentadlininiahed. • • STANDARD.—,The second triumph of-the night was a glorious oneindeed—". The carrying of Lord Ashley's clause in the Eactcay Bill by a majority.of aline:7 We lamentahat her. Majesty's aaliniaters voted in the mi nority. It is the first time theyhave so voted, because it is the first time they have been wrong. We impugn not their motives. The question is .a. difficult. one, for when did +it .'.ever . happen; that the retreat from a -wrong path was not . difficult; but the retreat must be made at some time, and the earlier the less its difficulties.- , In the present , case, the difficulties are less: than they seem. The 'simple fact that multitudes. of millowners voluntarily work 'under, the terms of Lord Ashley's clause, proves .that .. it is possible to work under . these terms, without. ne cessarily raising priees or. reducing wages.. And. it is plain, that if mills can be worked psofitably at short time, subject 'to . the disadvantage .of comp e tit io n' with mills working long:time a there can: be no.reaso_n to doubt that allnuty be profitably. worked when .all work short time ? Indeed,. we should say a thata:single mill working ithorttirsie, andavorking .at a profit, must be decisive of the whole question; because in eadan ma feria, what one can . do' all can do —.if 'exer cising equal skill,- and contented: with equal . gain. Locking to the, physical. view of t the. 'affair, we are convinced that the, aihrieasurement of :.the amount Of la bour by hours is altogether erroneous: 1 The -disco very has-'long since been made , that in money taxation two = end two: do lot always make: four,.. tut :some, tines 'make Ottly , one; “and. the observation- . applies just as , prOpirly to a taxation of the , ,energies of the human traMe. •!!Svery.body has heard of ithe famous Barclay matchi to walk a "thousand-miles in a .thou sand hours ; and with-what.: toil :and difficulty it. was accomplished in six weeks by -One of the most i robust tnen-in England . ; but-=had: Captain' , Barelay , been per= mitted , his•nrclinariAntelVala rest,- he wouldeeasily have;steeornplishe.didouble 'the Malta-say. fifty Wiles a day, in'the settle slaaveeeks. •SO it is, in a 'greater or less' degree,' continued jahonr. -We are ado:tittle's.' -whether; upian the' week', more 'work would 'nottale done,' and better 'done,- itrafiftyenine • than aiXty-nine hours;-but, taking the *nth, 'we haro no doubtaehateverathet More and -better Work .would be iii 236-thin in' 276'hotirs, suppOsing , alit 'time dia. tributed equally-through thotwenty-four days. Is-there - any one•vill Say- that' there• is hot the' difference-of 'more Utah 20-per cent - - between. the: prodded , ' of - 'healthy - and cheetfal -labourer (be- he • lataaat;rer Man, • -woman; or •Ori the one aidea = and a slate 'teeewrOstght, displaittel iabeatrea en the , ether? The 'h ' ottrarof , labouta . therefoaa," ere •not• 'the Measure of- the produce of the tabeareesa toil; which may be diminishedns theschouts are atigiuiied' itudaettainly aill-be diminishe'd if the labour is pablonged• fer months, not to speak years. To be Sure' there "is: tbe":gliocking hypothesis,, that the labourers may •be -easily replaced 'tis they are •=aatorte iontaa but 'this- it . an' hypothesis .Whicn no one' dared Ls to aoffera , a. We hope that Lord Ashley's clause: is safely -moored,: .;but' if the subject of 'it ate "agitated aerate _ more, it' is ono of those questions that cantioabe agitated ititheest good effect---and if it is; asSir Robert Peel:surmised, :but the commencement 'of a movement afor the =restriction - of , alaboar in allAtipartmente.of indastry, !emit ,rejeice the more at it. Lord John Russellaittidasemeof the Whigs, it wiltle - seen: supportadahord'Ashley. What ever their motive,. whether was honest, or, merely the effeet of a teragtetion to anjoy.enee in -theii4%-k.s ;Ale pleasure of Totittgjn. a Maiority against t4e ConservOive Ministry, waettre nota-they are'now feitijactuight, and cannot, go leek:, = • MAIikET; ',INTELLIGENCE. (From the Londofi Neia Price Curfew of March 19.) SUGAR.-- , The dullness in the West India market has further increased, and there being a better and large r s h ow o f Samples, prices continne - to give way, and Pule 6d to is Terewthuigrhideesrt these of .Tueeday last, making the declin e from the point this year Is to Is 6d. • Today the West India sugar market preseAted heaiysp peaiance ;- the par c hases 'made for grodfy and refientit par-. poses were trifling ; prices going' ' down, and the purchases . amounted to only 130 HA at .a reduction on Fri dai:ts rates of 6d per cwt. RFIN tn.—Althou g h further reduced rates have been taken for Refined Goods, still the grocers operate with caution, and the market it much better supplied. To-day, the trifling busi ness transacted in Refined Goods was at lower rates, brown grocery lumps selling at 745, and standard lumps 75s ed to 761 per cwt. Bonded Crushed S ugar l i ttle inquired 'after, And. 25s 9d per cwt is the regular market price. ' : •MA u ITI us. This afternoon the trade were little diSposed to do buiiness,_ and the' public - sales wentuff heavily at a further . 'decline in prices of 6d to Is per cwt; Vow' brown •seld at 51s, good 565, low yellow 58s to sFis 6d, mid 59 s 6 d to 61s, good 61s 6d to 62s 6d - , fine 65s to 665, veryfine,bright 675 to 6756 d, good and middling grey 58s to 61s, some lots were taken in. EAST INnu.---The market has been in a dull state for Bengal Sugar, at rather lower terms ; good white went at 65e to 665, low to mid 62s to 645, good yellow, 6,18 to 61, 6d, good brown 54s to 565, mid 53s to 545; loW5Os 6d, damp and washed 50s to 56s • 50 casks daMP brown' soM at 50e per cwt fo r l ow quality, w hi te datlap and washed went at . 624 to 64s 6d per cwt . Foreignßlet-India rs'winted, and the tendency of pricee up- Wards: - To 414 - a much better dentin& prevailed for Manilla ,Siigar;.partially on' speculation, and stiffer rates paid ; :Bengal at rather lower rates; good whits at 655, damp and washed 62s to 665, good yellow 62s 6d to 635, middling-58s 6d, damp and washed 57s 6d !061 . 9 . 1:Pet - C_Wi ,- , • • • Foam N.—To , day the market for Foreign Sugar .presented a firmer appearance. Two floating cargoes of white Maroim sold at 235, - deliverable at Trieste, and one for Gottenburg at . • 23s per cwt; being fair prices. There is more desire to pur chin yellow nevannah, and holders less inclined to sell. For small parcels of brown Biazil stiffer rates paid ; there was no public sale. ' • • • • I%loLa'sses..--Prices have declined leper cwt for , West India, Demerara fine at 265; St. -Kitt's, fair, 24s 6d, fine 25e to 26s per cwt: Bengal Syrup is 18s to 19s per cwt. • This after noon Brie Demerara Molasses at 25r, being Is lower. • Cocoa.—West India havbeen in excellent request. Trini. dad line red 68s to 60s, good 565• to 575, low to middling 51s to ssis, and grey 49s' to sle percw't. iFofetigti at: titis to 32.1- per cwt. • . Tea..—To-day, the business transacted in Tea was trifling, and prices are drooping; Is OAd taken for con a:ion sound Congoa cash, Is Oid for good common, and Is 2id to 14 . 31 per TR lb for ordinary Twankay; a public sale 0f'798 Piga Assail' is declared for the 2d of April. Rim—Bengal Rise at lls 6d for middling white ; sea ibtmaged first class wentxt lls. to lls 6d, second ditto lOs 6d to Ils, third and fourth ditto 8s to 9s 6d Ter cwt. Foreign Fast India Rice is held with less firmness; Java at a c ecline of 6d per cwt ; cammon yellow mixed with Paddy .selling. at 8s to 9s, very inferior 8s 3d, and damaged 7s 6d to 8s ; by. private contract 8s 6d to es 9d accepted for Lomboek ;. gleaned. Rice is in good request, and prices firm. Patna at 14s to 17s,' . and Carolina 21s to 26s per cwt. Coresx.—Prices are sustained for West India, the supply .I;e:ng very small and stock nearly all in the dealers' hands. To-day the transactions privately in 'Ceylon were to .a . small extent only at 67s 6d .to 6es per cwt for good ordinary ; holders generally show less firmness; there was no publiq sale. Mocha is wanted, and . several parcels sold pravatel,y upon.. foimer terms.. Of . Singapore . : Java, .500., . bags were offered at public sale, and taken in at 45e for fine. ord. yellow, being Is above the value. The demand for Foieigi Coffee was brisker, and stiffer rates paid privately ; fur 350 bags of fine ord bold Rio 35s per cut given, but at auction 1,200 bags Rio were bought in Is to 2s above former rates, viz.:—flue ord green at 375, and good ord at 355: 2,262 bags of St. Domingo, nearly all damaged, were offered and went briskly at stiff rates; first class at 29s 6d to 31s 6d. second class 28s 6d ,to 30s 6d, third class 27s to 28s, rea damaged repacked 28s to 9s ; 42 bags sound fetched 31s to 325, and black 10$ to 12s 6d per cwt. Sricas.—This afternoon Sumatra Pepper at stiffer rates common very dusty. went at 31 to 30, first class sea damaged 2/d to 3d, second and third lid to 2id, 121, bags of white sold id lower, and went at bad to 5/d per lb for, pod. SAco.—Rather lower rates being accepted for Peirl Sago, several parcels have been dispcsed of privately. Sago Flour ,in lively request, and Is to 2v higher; 474 boxes at auction fetched 20s to 20s 6d for middling greyish. white ; privately, 21s to 21s 6d paid for good quality. Row, ;BRANDY, AND HOLLAN DS. —Prices cannot be quoted higher for Jamaica Rum, for very.fine 34 per cent. overproof high flavour 7s 3d given, 50 puns sold at 3s 24 to As 441 for, rather foul 27 to 32 per cent. overproof, and better quality at 3s 641 to 4sper gallon : 200 puns at 36.4 d to 5s 6d for low to fine quality, 30 to 37 per cent. overproof. Leewards proof at 2s 2d to 2s 2i-d per gallon. - Demerara 35 per cent orerprOof at 3s Id, and 37 over, fine 3s 3d per gallon. Calcutta is in request, and 200 casks sold'at is 1011 to Ls I Id, proof strength. For Brandy, holders remain firm.—Cognac, best brands . of the vintage of 1838,'hhds 5s I Id, puns 5s 9d • 1839, hhds 5s Bd, puns 5s 6d ; 1840, hhds 5s 6d, pans Sc 4d; 1641, hhds 5s sd, puns 5s 3d.; .1842, hhds 55.4 d, puns ss. 2d,. middling marks 3s 6d to 4s 6d, and inferior 2s Ild to 3s 5d per gallon., Geneva, shipping 'Mis t at la 9d to Is 10d, and fine for duty at 2s 3(1 to 3s per gallon. English Corn Spirits at 101 2d, and Gin 22 per cent. underproof at 8s 8d per gallon. . This after noon for Demerara Rum 38 per cent ever proof 3s 4d refused., Leewards . proof at 2s 2d, and Calcutta at is Ild proof. 2ForJ,ks males, prices are firm. common descriptions of Fish Oils holders have shown firmness, and obtained 341 15s to 351 for pale Seal, 33/ 10s to 341 for Cod, and 331 to 341 fur fine. Southern ; the latter, of low to good quality, fetched 30115 s to 32/5s per tun. Sperm 70110 s to 71/ for good; Headmatter 7615 s to 771 10s. Linseed Oil at 27s to 27s 3d on the spot ; Rapeseed Oil pale at 35s 6d, and brown 34s 6d per cwt ; Palm fine, 28s to 28s 6d per cwt. Cocoa Nut Oil at 28s 6d to 32s per cwt ; Olive Oil 'firm, Gallipoli 471 to 471 10s, Spanish 431 to 441, and Barbary 42/ to 431 per tun. Tar.Low:.-Prices are firm for Russian•oa the spot. P. Y. C. .of first quality at ; 40s 6d to 41a 3d per 'cwt ; - tor delivery for the last three months of the year at 4ls 9d to 42s 'per cwt. .South American sold at 30s to 40s 641 for low soft to' fine hard 'panty ; very inferior soft 28s to 29s ; Ibrail fetched 40s to 41s 3d, .and New York 38s to 39s 6d per - cwt. Town Tallow at 413 to 42s net cash. This afternoon P. Y. Candle of prime quality in good request, at 41s to 41s 34 and 42a.for -delivery in the last three months of the year. 'POLICE INTELLIGENCE. (YESTERDAY.) ' ' MANSION-HOUSE. IMPEitIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE :OF LORDS, 'March 19. The LORD CHANCELLOR took his seat at the Wool sack shortly after Five o'clock. The Three-and-a-Half per Cent. Annuities (1818) Bill, =the- Three-and-a-Half per Cent. Annuities Bill,. And the consolidated Fund Bill, were severally read a third time and passed. A Meisage from the House of Commons brought up several Bills, which, were read a first time, and ordered to be read a second time, on Thursday. Lord CAMOYS presented a petition from Paisley, complaining of the exclusion of. Catholics from the jury lists in the late State trials in Dublin. . The Bills: on the table , were forwarded a stage, and the House then adjourned till. Thursday. HOUSE OF COMMONS, March 19. The SPEAKER took the Chair at Four o'clock. Mr. HARDY presented • three petitions in favour of the Bradford and Leeds Railway. The reportedn the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway Bill was•turther considered and received. • On the motion of Mr. MONCKTON MILNES, the report on the Great Western Railway Bill was further considered and received. Colonel SIBTIIORP presented petitions from ylace ' s in the county of Lincoln, against any alteration in the corn•laws, • Mr. Alderman HUMPHERY. presented 54 petitions, signed by 9.400 persons in. Southwark, praying for a re duction of the duty on tobacco and snuff. Mr:SHARMAN CRAWFORD presented a petition from Rochdale, complaining of the monopoly enjoyed by railways in the conveyance of goods, and praying the House to interfere. " _ _ _ _ Mr. g._91135011 presented petitions from Manchester, signed by 22,000 persons, praying the House to take into its consideration' the state of the representation Of - tho: people, and also:pr4ing the House , to abolish= the corn-laws ; and that they would take into their consi-: deration the misgovernment of Ireland;' and also discuss the grievances of the people before granting the supplies. HULL DOCKS. Mr. HUTT gave notice that he would move that the minutes of evidence taken before the Committee on the Hull. Docks Bill in 1840 .(and printed in 1841), be re ferred to the Committee on the Bill for the construction of Docks at Hull, now before the House.—Ordered. LSVNi‘itoikrnaN, wrDNESDAI - v"SXIITNG, MARCH 20,, 1844, FACTORIES BILL. Mr. T. DIINCOMBE presented two petitions from Yorkshire, in favour of a Ten Hours' Bill. • Lord'MARSHAM presented a petition from the Dean and Chapfer of Roehester, against the union of • the sees of St. Asaph and Bangor. Mr. EWART presented a petition from Dumfries, praying for a repeal of the eorn-laws. Lord G. SOMERSET presented a petition, praying ,for an alteration in the law of arrest. Sir G. GREY presented a petition from the inhabi , tants of Christ-Church parish, Lambeth, •complaining of the supply of, water afforded by the Lambeth Water Company. „ NOTICES OF MOTION _ _ Mx:%GILT,: gave notice that on Friday next he would callllier attention of the House to the circumstances of th4"tithregeof Capt. Brewster, of the 76th regiment, in .July last: ' 1 - • . Mr. lI>7I4SE .gave notice that after, Easter he should sutrnit a motion to the House, that a humble address be presented 'tp liei'Majesty,,praying, her , Majesty to abo lish -o,,,Zord7Lieutenkmcy of.; . lreland.---(Hear, hear.) Mr. BORTIIWICX gave„potiee that on that day fortnight he would move ,that : a humble address be pre sented to her Majesty, praying that her Majesty would be graciously pleased to direct that Parliament in all matters ecclesiastical should receive the advice of the clergy ili corOdeation assembled, according to the con stitutional and ancient Practice of this realm, • CONTROVERTED ELECTIONS. SIiROBERT PEEL gave 'notice that; on an early day, he should move for the appointment of,a Committee, to inquire "end repurt whether it was desirable that any alteration.thould be nia t (te in the law respecting contro verted elections. . • . A' young Min,. whose appearance was very much, like that of 'a jonrneythan carpenter, and whose. name was :statectto be John Thirheg was brought up in the cus tody. of Daniel Forrester, the-officer, charged by Mr. Mullens,• of the firm of Freshfield and Mullens, solici tors to the Conimittee'of Bankers for protection against forgeries and frauds,' charged with having committed a • - series 'of forkeries upon the Southwark department of • the London and 'Westminster Bank. • , • I It. appored that, ,at the latter end of last year,••Mr. Mullens haVing ascertained that -a variety of forgeries had•been perpetrated tipOn the Southivark - department. of the London and Westminster Malik; procured a war- • IRELAND. .• rant against the prisoner, and caused him to be appre- Air. MORE OTERRALri , rose to ask. the following • heeded: Theiiresent eXamintititth ,was merely prelimi . nary to sendingtheprisener to Maidsterne'for trial. • questions, nitinely:-1. Whether it is 'the-intention. of Ed*ard Alp ert, Grattan, .cashier estininster Bank, stated hier -in the''Southwark her' Majesty's Government to introduce - any •meastire branChof the London and•W dining thepreseht session to. carry into effect, allorany of that he paid , 1841 the ,'cheqUe produced for 15L,- dated Ilth- the recoMmendationa contained in the Report of a Com- Noveinber misglen .appeinted to:reitiSe s the several laws. under, or by , , , and signed Wm. Tubb,' Slt•.Gorge's - virtue of whichmoneys arenow raised by grand jury pre, Mr. Tubb; of - Si. George's road, Borough," said that road, Borough, Southwark. • ' sentment.in Ireland, more particularly ,as relates to the - : . hekept an account 'at the 'Bank specified:" 'The cheque reconnuendation to effect a saving. of 160,000/. inthneX-• penditure of the county. rates in Ireland lo s 2. Whether produced was; o e Signed'by hint, and the iiitiener neter . a ny steps 'have heen'takeweonseqient 'on , the- Report of had hia'anthority to'sigh fOr - him.., . .''' : ' ' • ''' --' the Commissioners "of Inquiry, in respect • to the convict' ' Mr: R.. Muttons stated; that - en the 30th of December be applied,' to the magistrates at Maidstone, and obtained department 'of Kdritainhain prison, which established , the fact Of great eXtrawagatee and misapplication Ofpnblic a warrapt co , . thuuppehenSion'ofthe prisenar, whonihe believed to be Johnllnikell.• -'' • ' ' - 1 .. , _ _, moneys,. under; the Inspector of Prisons? .3. Whether it was the into ntion of her Majesty s Government to introuttee , ~ The prisoner was remanded: '' ' ' a:meaSure founded on the report of the . Commiasion ap . Alderinitn"Wit,soi4 took the opportunity of 'noticing that of - late the railroad waggons and carts caused ve,r i pointed to inquire.intoAhe common law courts -in Ire-, Y end'?" ' , L. - Whether it is the intention of her Majesty's serious obstructions in the street, in consequence of their Gitierninent teintrodneeany-measuredaring the present very great width between the wheels,: and . the manner session relative to ministers money in Ireland? - in 'which they were - loaded, 116 "had frequently ob-' • ' • , .•.",, Lordi ELIOT said the alWit - don, and revision of- the served how dangerou s. th o S e - Un w ieldy v e hi c l es We re , in paiSing through' W a tlin g -Str ee t, • when parties walking grand jury. laws in • TrAland; was. an important - and diffi cult subject... With respect. to:, the adoption of the re - n ith loads 'on, their backs had to encounter th e . projecting comm e n d at i o n of the Commissioners,. to which the Hon. loads of the Waggons,: a n d not' seldom were jammed Gentleman referred, he •(Lord Eliot) ,could , assure him, ' against the houses, and expOsed to imminent danger. , It i wei only that morning ,he perceived one of these 'that vent considerable diversity of opiniOn preialled in Ireland:: He was . quite sure that if any. measure were ' waggons obstruct the passage of ,Cateaton-street, near Mt >ll4ll'S house, and cause the greatest possible em-' ,to be based.nn that recommendation, it would fail - to meet.::ivitli ..the, . support • of *aunty, Members. ' He barrassment and confulioh fol . a full hour. ' In fact, 'WOUld'reinind the Hon. Gentleman that there was ifthat 'another vehicle got entangled so completely with ' the to b waggon s that it. becinie - actnellY" h'eceSsarito obtain the was. ontlieitable of the house, an experimental mea sure which, s. e applicable to thecounty,orDublin.,- use of'sonteNaChinery to raise the wheels, befOrit_the That Bill had been framed with the intention of embody annoyance ended. ,It , was _indeed, , a hazardous thing i n „. for a man to' .holdnp an umbrella in some places 'of ':' a great portion • of the recommendations 4:)f" the Commissioners ; ,and he (Lord-Eliot).. hoped • that 4t.. narrow dimensions., Be. hoped,that a representation would becOme law in the course of • the_ present session, would be made-to Parliament through the Corporation. for ,he . thought. it .was very desirable that - the House " .• . . :• CL ERKEN WELL. - - - - ,• • should - iiseertain the result of that eiperiment before they Yesterday Mr. 'James,' clerk •to the - Board of Guar- prOceeded 0,40 Y - 4 -general measure of that description (fling of the Holborn Mahn, - came before Mr. Combo, 'to all theponnties_of, Ireland, ..Ile did not complain of the sitting Magistrate, .and ~stated that .Daniel 11furphy, - i the way in:which- the. Hon.:oentlenianhad. put his ques-• a young Juan, whom . , the . Magistrate ,had Sent . - to the . tions,. : but : they ,appeared:; to him (Lord Eliot) ' to . workhouse for admission ,or relief„oikilie,Previous even- partake- - of . the :-.nature of '• a • statement. The ing, had. been refused ,adinissieu.;,..l%arphy,7 had . been 11-1016atable.; Gentleman had referred ..partiCularly to, fourtimes brought before. the , Magistrate.for insuborcii- ; the 'recommendation of the Commissioners,, having nation and misconduct in the- workhouse,,,and the Board for, its :object, - the . - - saving. of - 160,0001. per • annum. of Guardians had come to the following resolution. Mr. ' There - Wero - sereral,instances - in WhiCh •money had been James then read the resolution, which was t 6 the effect, - smelt, At. one piiie' i p,QQol, had ' beep saved out of 'fines: iiiiit;'Conildeiling licive Ain arid bow grossl);'the prisoner and penalties. A c 'suni •Of 1 . 6;0001:•had - beenstred in the 44 it'lispeadticted hire elf,. and ''how • " ineffectual, 'tin -; county of Dublin.; -He did not think. that any. legislatien eqUal; and incon s istent theptiniihment inflicted on hint was, necessary on the, subject, if the recommendations of by.:tbe.- Magistrate, badbeen,7,4ndbow Much disorderly the•Corrimissioners .: were. :carried into. effect. - With re and profane behaviour he was guilty of,:.altitoSt every gard. , •to- the • second - . question, .he begged ..to . - say sentenee:he:ipoke being•seeompanied with an oath, they that it WAS the intention . of the Government to :provide (the Guardians) would-not be doing their. duty ,tu.tbe a SeParate: place for . co nvicts before their embarkation. 606-panpere'under their charge if they did not decline y'lT.ity4gakdte' the third question; whether it .was the admitting, him,_ , and; they- accordingly -directed =their intention of h er M a je s ty' s G overnment to intrOduce any of 16' airoraheir resolution;-and . turt'ito admit him. measure relating ,to- ,t4c common law courta, ,be be gge d Mr.-JAWSOSIO lgyea'at instances ofiillidonduct on. the ' to: say thether Majeqtfre Government. were not prepared part of the- prtspner, a•ho had notlteen there than a few ; .with any:paettsure AFL time .übieet- • • ' 44044 Qf thg lif Ouse or Correction, Odie he had helm FACTORIES BILL: ' : : " '; ' •''' '. - . ..... . = . . . .., imprisoned for seven days forinisbehamtur, in the work 7, . 'mr, TABOI/CHERE. - said.he bad a • question to . put i .h0u5e.,...: , _:, ....: .• _. • - ~ • ,i , ,... , ,•; •, . .._ i =to the Noble Lord the - .Member for • Dorsetshire k he M Mr. CO BE—What are you goingLito do for *MT wished' to ask what was his , intention with. respect to the • , folday..-;he r gaya be is destitute?' ~ M r., J aines—We can t ametiditienthe had' - introduced •into the" Factories Sill? - do anystliing"lo-day feriiim.• ',''''''''''')'.• '' i---'' --: -.:,. -5; ,, .' ,1 IHelvisheil to r linow from the Noble LOrd what course ' ' 4 lifir: - •CeluniLaCiii'f - )ibit' . .g-i*e hin't:ltkirk? ' Mr. Jiiniett he intended fo pursue. ' • - -- 7. _We,w,ilk i rtpt i recelicehimintp,the house.'„ ' ' ' -•" Lord A.SHI,EI/Asid 7 . 7 lt is :my most sincere and ar -W,:tVip.4;-,,14).--.po :asi c :y 94; -b l it' give him some dent d es i re to faake.anyiatrikeh of, persenal - feeling; .in . nod% ,:.a.'iitst.„-if:ls'e ,iti4e.ondUcts f iiiiself, lie utay be talaii order to do what Inv, ~to. . the . utmost conciliate , before. the. Magistrate ' and . puniSlied. , ' ..„., • ~,,1 my opponents, hat. fender the amendment -it was . , Mr. James—But al.hougtehe bas used the worst lan- my clod ft turle to •C•irry as . little Objeationable as pos - guage, •ati&eventhreatenedithelivee of -theLpflicers,-.he , sil4e.:,.ThiS inernin - g, I bad • an ihterview with five or' hat's not • beerii : !Sentenced: to ruere:..than_seven - days. int- :i'sl4...q4l,sideriible "utanufaetureis, and likewise with several, 'prisonmenti i'Whitst 6-4cetitifteyerso ni who . has . been, ad- operatives, who represented the feelings•Of'theoperative miffed ai L etisitarpObr; inicl iefitSea to work.for his lodg-, .manufacturing classes. I.propeSed to them, a plan which ing and bfeakfast,:lS'iOt4tteed . to fourteen 'days,- or 'it I am-about _to,...state.:tit3)lP- Ilk - use„ . and lam - ,happy inonth'S impriiontnent, • • - to , *say. , that it • .niet, . their. entire ' and hearty . ,Mi• - . COst4. 7 -laua not aware of any such case, no r - co n curr ence...• On Friday next I shall , take the liberty do I think.the-,Board •qonar!liaits„ hat c worded' their • of e n t rea ti ng the 'Muse to affirin!the proposition of ten .resolution .very., discreetly. I, am.-Tlot aware the. ; pri- hours' labour,' by • the Substitution of the word "ten" saner has been-before inc hitherto; but I aut.sure he has for " twelve" in•elause Bof the Bill.' Should the Bongo . beendetatokith .as he ought to-have been. Magistrates affirm that. proposition, F will prepare a clause which 'Cannot'ssenti , -persons ' to•prison, for an . unlimited time. s h e ll enaetthat - f l.he,preSent dur ation of labote, twelve Regarding the--charge' of;inCorgistency brought against h ours; s h a ll - p - ontifine . r the tithe at . which we May the Magistrates iS y'the - latiardiafis; the inconsistency, if pass.thechiUsei. for , flib i months, tillthe Ist ef, October in there be any,'is' sattribntable-tir-the-Legislature. The 'this year.:),iThii will give : aix months' notice before . any Act,,Of s,Prirlitirient - T 'presprilags. twerity-pne, clays.., as • Oct (lenge takes-- place.' . ;From: the...lst._ of. OCtober, this longest tm-tri of imprisonment, for mi sconduct in the year,' the period:of labour 1., propose' shall 'fidi,dowit to workhouse, -whilst_ it. assigns a .41ent.11-rPr- refusing to 'eleven' hdurA, and continue two y t that rate fur twears, or work .there. I, deny that, kliave ever sen t enced a• pri- , till the 'l2 ‘ th .of 'Oeteber; ' 180, :when the period. of saner-to a month's-or a.fortnight's incarceration for re- :ten . linnte, loour s hall .Coni*nce. . This will give fitsing to -work, unless there were other circumstances of,' ;1 1 4).6:„. Wile to test'' the . ei-periment, and during aggravation. Murphy was destitute, and . being so, the tbe/tottese -01', 2 Oat. - tune should . any . mischief , rise law gave • him' a - right •to 'demand - relief, 'whatever his outto f . t h e enactment, tile 1 0. 449 '''i9ill(.l have - the means - ehatacter was;:, .': • ''' ' .'- -- - . - in la; owu hands :Of:'preventing ,Pte .elause from running . -After so e. further discussion Mr, James promised. to away- with ;the interesta..9f,thelnantifacturers. The "give irurPhy'eniPlOYhient at' the•workhouse. • : - 'Anise" shall 43e - pirepared•the' day ,hefore the House goes 2 1 11:447(14Afei11 : -.Na - ; e4arged wits stealing,a, gold:chain, - into Onninittee, that 1-10h4 gerilbers .in ay see -the pre three gold brooches, and three gold' rings, the plojwty ,- . ciso wordiAkAtlie - PrOPOsitiOn I ihtend to make. of her mistress, Misa , Plantithe'proprictof•Pf asaCAOO i - rn „;.Sii„,)4,l4" § -J , -sit4 that though it' was not eor neiall-plate,,Tlolloway.. . _. ..7, ' '.;., • •- 1 t i Ciat e o,tegniiir,on . his part ti3`,atldreSs the House,'perhaps The evidence adduced w as of a very unsatiscaell_ !heish,ould be pardoned if he Said j ,ir feW words. . In the nature ; and •dier'nO =More than esta bli sh a, .case of. su : ~ first place it , was niost.degirable that the HoUse and the articles luta been fOtiTtd.,.: pici on against the. prisoner , No portion .of • the stolen. country shankl.; iniders,tand that "he, her MajestY's: A young - .. man, . dressed' I „. stated that his name', waS H &fry 'I I 7 illixiinl,,, Site charged:. the ' 'Mieisters - had now heard. for alit. - first, time,. the , pro in the :garb Of a • sailor,. who phsitiotWwhio : the Noble, Lord', (Asitie6 had ex-' . . , .. was a carpenter rest 'andrhat he' xp es 4 : hiss:intention : of subniitting to the Committee ; • cll-Pg At'll Y inOnt h , .WAS - tji.iF'&o-, w i th - ..k e iti. r . he;(sir . ',.",:;Gr'altarh . ), had no his in c . oining• to the following artful fraud.:,-. : . Abont-twoTiAlOck; on the: Pro•iouS ;i1 • ..t. i r Q went lo 'ie, .101,ge-0. Susannah Reyes" a. ' --- ~ ..; . Aie Reo . itAtis . i t an : Lhat it would be his duty on Friday next ay the pciaoner to, resist. t e awn of the Noble Lord • - ancl take the pc,iir! woman,. sense of he. living in -Peter-Strett; Saffron-hill: ' . .lieeaidl e had just in r. • • ~ , t : "ili na;" 1 . 1 - Pi it t .a. ," twelve." Ile Might be returnedfrorn•Rio .- Jarieiro, where-he biideeen.b er son , i i4 in ' ' i t tw il :;f a cku , s - dj, with rLs'- - . - ' 2l ' — ‘ 74 -s h itott4 t. the' Propo - sition ' of substitut-: Who W a Seaman,: niid went out,. on hOttril the Blenheim, ' • •ti ' - •svlii h,' the ....14 hl P art .contemplated to China, - at the commencement Of the war With that em- • eft the 'enhei • res p ect 'to -• the further . pro - fa:ill op. 7 . 0 , • ..t) q Lord ~. . ~. , ,e .1d the: N oble.: succeed . , ?ire., =: The young Irmo • has since 1 lll .m, and l ip g _i . .i .t„ , ni .. ak, ing hou i he bail' hie . .other . , proposal last night, the becoine attached to thO'Caator, . For his. services in the - w d. storming, of several towns he received batta money, and' ,„ * l3 -144 . - i t Mr ..T; Grahain) had, urged against the.other with:all these.- circumstances. the prisoner Seenied per- i k v ii, '` ,It! , :Au l g:it tvotild be ilia : duty - to . resist it to the fectly conversant, and, . told the mother .- that ,her utizoktc.%., ,_ • ... ~, . .., s(ya had•enthisted him , with a letter, and. two valuable ~ „.,;.-. ..,,,,-.. . - ..B.OXAL PROGRESS.. dare Shawls Wrapped in brOwn paper, in which the letter • . Captain• ROUB---said that. there'. W f .t''ga report very was likewise trio used. When t h e ship reached ' Liter- , prekialent that her Majesty intended, a bout, the mouth of rffiol the parcel was - seized upon by the Custom- house-house ' May, , t6proeeedto B er li n , on a v i s i t to the King - of Prussia. • cers;!and:detained :for 14s. 2d., Custoln, eluOes, and' AS w'ivitienetlin lin the eh p g part, of her Majesty would ' until, that sum was paid th e .pareet Gould not be released. •inateriOlti •itlfFell rite interests .Of a great portion of his ..The akar of CustomS had,.. he said; broken; open the .''conAltue*i.",j4l„.fisited to know from the Right Hon. ther for " ••batta Money ,'.' payable-, by : letter, , and he had , seen: an.order. addressed, to • his - Ind- Gentltiinin 4i4er there was any foundation' for the the. E In di a ' t -- 2 East r u mou r_ , _L destitete of foun -Convany - -He _Coneluded -, by saying he .was going to , : SirltOiSlaiT PEEL said . that reallY' there . were I '. frerPO'lpoir that evening, by .Bie' SiX o'cleek-•train,.and. .so "many..reports .0000., .tOtu ll Y, give him the *money, .d a tion, • . requtsting of thei•Proseentri . x to that, he .must _protest.: agatost the praCtice of' s wearing .in the, Most solemn. Manner 'h e. * m ild - forard :re* airing • a Minister - of the Crown . to, • find,nnswerS for the pared to London, when he bad released ft,' ! He : ob.. tallied the , MoneY, iili.4.h4e',i3Og• been seen' . in the.conipany : i. - - no means proper.', .But as the _ ports - which was , by: Vile reports. It really gavna sort of i sanction to these of two girlaier . the" tow•nanout, two heurs after, he ma's • -11, : - Gentleman greis'iu - charge.. . He.made.a. desperate. effurt . to escape, .• mia t tL_• .. , Pr ntjUilCil, and m i tt they were injurious to the threw s i Wity-the - i money,'andkuoCked down; .t.wo persons : h k iii - 4 . - . • - I.*: . on,, . hatt,said that -he had heard the reports 10,-. - l l ' Ails . '‘' . o -tittient, . he ' (Sir 11. Peel) had no Whe:eiftleatoterett itir'etop . him- , . ~...1"!.' ...• :.2 , . _ F", zi. .•. ,',: 026 1 ' t ' itni, ," o ?ti(o l, 3 4ii i i y i d _them to be entirely The -lii 4 iiiithitoiiktitig Ifhllyligittililitteit:Con , _trialinanthis • _,.- fi s min A -,. - - lusher,, -:- .. ' . .• . tito akintliez di aZ IMIWU U " / .. a ,...,• -- :.),...1..,i0 tb,.:.:•.;:i ..‹. , charge, but remanded,.as Tate, the constable, expresse i ct COMMISSARIAT EsTiAizo. a belief that several other charges of a like nature would be brought against him. Mr. W. WILLIAMS inquired of the Might lion. Baronet when 'the papers connected _ with the Commis sariat estimates would- be ready to lay . bellre . the House.? Sir G. CLERK said that the documents were in the bands of the printers, and would be laid before the House next week. INDIA. Mr. MACAULAY inquired what had caused the delay in the presentation of the papers ordered respecting the late occurrences in India.. Sir R. PEEL said he was sorry if any delay, had taken place, but he had , not been certain whether the House should get the papers printed or not. The SPEAKER was understood to say that they should be printed by the Foreign-office. Sir R. PEEL again said he was sorry for the'delay. POOR -LAW (SCOTL AND). . Mr. a ELLICE, junior, inquired of the Right Hon. Baronet (Sir 'J Graham) when the Commissioners of Poo!:-IaW Inquiry in Scotland would send in their report ? Sir.J. GRAHAM understood from the Noble Lord at the.head of .the Commission that the report would be ready tea be laid before the House soon after the recess. , THE TARIFF—FOREIGN 'RECIPROCITY. _ Mr. RICARDO rose to bring forward the motion of which he had given notice, to the effect---That an humble address be presented to . her Majesty; praying that her • ~. • Majeity'ivill - be 'graciously pleased to -give _directione, to her servantsnotto enter into any negotiations'AfritliTO reign Powers which would make any contemplated altera tions of the tariff of the United. Kingdom contingent on the alteration of the - tariffs of other countries; and hum.: bly • expressing to her Majesty .the opinion of this_House, that the-great object of relieving the commercial inter Course between this country and foreign nations from all injurious restriction 4 would be best promoted by re 7 . gulating our own . Customs' duties as may be most suitable to the financial and , commercial interests of this country, without reference 'to the amount of duties which Foreign :Bowers might think it 'expe 'dient for their own interests to levy on BritiSh goods. The effect- f the 'course. which had been, hitherto pur-. sued was altogether unsatisfactory. Having. signally failed in obtaining their object 'by means of nego tiations ' to extend . their exports, it became them to inquire whether they might not 'arrive at the Sallie end by simple legislation . ' on their imports. The . treaties .- which were in question in 1842 were those with Brazil, with Portugal, Spain, and France. The faterof the first of these treaties had been most pathetically described by . the Right Hon. • Gentleman. the President of the Board of Trade. It was now clearly understood that the ; result of all these: pro tracted'negotiations with Brazil was a handsome propo sition on the part of the 'Brazilian Government not to raise the, duties on our commodities more than - 25 per cent., in return for concessions on our - part.' What the-concessions were the Right Hon. Gentleman had not shown; but he ventured to say, however. preposterous were the.proposals of the Brazilian GOVernment, those of ourown Government were so in a four or five-fold degree- GreatuswaS his respect for the abilities - of the Nobleliord,' at the head 'of the Foreign Department; and of the Hight Hon.' Baronet at the head of the Government,. displayed - as these•last were so•conspicuouSly, in making a good case out of bad materials, he could not imagine what arguments they had used in. order to entice the BrazilianCrOverninent to adopt the course which they're conunendedCertainly aproposition to reduce restrictions would not come well from a nation which had imposed a duty of 400 or.soo:per, cent. upon Brazilian produce.— (Hear,! hear, •and laughter.). A convention for the sup pression.of slavery, was one thing, and a treaty of (tom- Meree was another, and if slavery were the ground upon whiph they voted, he would suggest -to the Right Hon.' Geritleinan the Chancellor of the Exchequer whether it .would not bebest togrant compensation to the Brazilian, sitiveholders, as they had done to the West Indians.— (Hear,) In Spain they had done • more than negotiate. The Government ofSpain oould not but know that upwards of 300,000 of her people. were employed in smuggling, and in smuggling only._ And yet with every.circum, stance apparently .in our favour to assist and encourage our commerce, it was a fact that we were further off our point than ever. British influence hadnever heen so low in the Peningila IS at - the present' moment. • The next commercial . , :Convention ..which . had miscarried was that with .Portugal, ;.and ,he need .not now point: 'out- the derangement in the , wine, trade, which had been occasioned by it. Owing, to this, 4ircumstanee alone. there had been 'a diminution in the. Usual quantity of wine, amounting to not less than I,oBo,ooogellons. Those interested naturally remonstrated blithe sikteet with the Chancellor' of the Exchequer ; hut, instead of redress, their position had ,been aggravated by fresh impediment, which had grown up to a reduction in the. duties on wines,' in the shape of -a drawback,' ivhich.the Chancellor of. the EXchequer had granted to, the merchants. So that before any,. arrangement can be Made with Portugal, for every one :shilling.. of. duty that. maybe reduced an enormous sum of money must be paid by us -as compensation. - This was what had been' happily termed by. the Honourable Member for Tantiton(Ur.lgaboudhere), always eriding, never ending.' The:.Hon..Gentleman 'then ,referred to a paper which' had beenlaid . on'the* table of *the Reuse, containing .4 Mluable series -ofcommereiaLtariffs.drawn up by Mr. ackregor; TA French gentleman,- Mons. 'Saint Terrier,- had laid down *system of commercial policy pursued by France. Amongst other things, he said that 'in the negotiations of France with England, mos,t of. the, con ditions proposed by the latter should be avoided. . •The. French Government had lost great sums of , money in fostering its own manufactures; which they might have had at less expense from'other countries:- It was usual • 'to' introduce some clause .relating .to 'commerce in most 'treaties. . Therem was such a clause the late•treaty with 'AfrieriCa. Lord Ashburton had a clause introduced that ;the agricultural produce of Maine might be admitted on the same footing as the produce of the Araeriean colenies. But, Maine being now as.much a portion of the United States as New York, the: .other States might claim to. have their corn: admitted on the same terms' its that of, !Maine., . The - Right Hon.. Baronet had admitted American sice on the same . terms as the rice frettsqtan west coast of Africa.- The -Right Hon, Baronet admit 'ed; in answer 'to a' question from the - Noble Lordf the . Member for London, that great diffieultiesexistedin ne 'gptiating,commeroial treaties, and that even greater dif ficulties existed innegotizting them Where constitutional lgovernmenti and the representative system..had existed lltrtivad! unwise and impolitic to wait to see 'what other countries world do. It would be better for them to efflintence-with,their own CustemLhouse: M. Gnizot,• in ' answer_ to, a qnestion put to him by, one of the f Members - ' of the Chamber of Deputies, announced hisAntention of not following the ignis fatuus of- com 7 'er - cial" treaties, 'but 'would - adopt such' measures' as might • be 'necessary for . the , welfare of • the country without reference to foreign . countries. He also inedification, of tariffs would produce that the the:: benefit desired • by, - all par 7 ties -in--extending their- commercial relations. If this were true, no person could find fault with him' (Mr. Ricardo) •for riot btingiitg 'llk' Motion. before. Which was surrounded b that their 'trade was Witt yib r t e e s e p t e iv e 6 t , t d o ti R ti i h n e , . s r h o o n u n i t d ry s a y Much greate:r. The imports from that country amounted to five, millions sterling, : while the expOrts. amounted to only 1,80(1,000/. It was , asserted that this balance would have :to :be paid. in - .g01d,: cOnsideied That a profitable trade could be carried on in gold. He thought there was no supernatural 'attribute in the word gold. The exports' to 'Russia during the year 1841', consisted chiefly of cotton twist,. . sugar,' coffee, wine, rum, , aharilarticles, which - came frOmi • the 'bonded t wareliethes in this conntry, where• they were sent! by the Brazilians, who received' 'in -return cottbe,! a 001 l en, and other' manufactures from England. -If they could.not find Ministers bold enough to carry out those' principles which Would tend to abolish restrictions which; crippled tritde,they might bid adieu to the greatness and prosperity which this country had so long enjoyed. Ile -hoped that the -Right Hon; 'Baronet would not. content himself with contemplating the present years of plentiful. harvests.' Ile trusted, •that the same causes: which were in operation in past years were in Operation ILOW,.anct it was possible 'that' they might hate 'years of scarcity again. He hoped he_ would throw :aside all the, old .principles of protection and inon'opnly, - and s ee the absurdity and- .injustice of -forcing 'the people into such costly 'sacrifices. , He trusted 'that their Ambassadors would receive instructions to tell the different Courts of Europe that Great 'Britain had aroused herself from' her delusions; nnder -, which she had so long laboured; that she'lkoivskneVv - sliedould not sell without buying, - _or buy without selling ; that in using the productions br other cOuntilek they 'were only Using their , •own in another 'shape:' 'lle hoped they Would be able to say that all the ports of the country were 'Opened, and that the only limits to:their CoMmerce - were 'these which they' thein4 selves: imposed. , He concluded by proposing his motions Mn EWART seconded the motion. In referring tti, the history :of . commercial- t treaties, - he asked what Bond result 'had this - country ever obtained - from them ? Thb first treaty to. w Inch' he would refer was-the celei brated Methuen treaty - of 1703; which was for a :lone tinie the wonder of the' Cominercial World.' The - effect of Civ ias to introduce 'into this 'country a taste f :the wine of Oporto, which then superseded French win ,_ that -until then was,the only wine consumed in Englan The next great treaty was that which was concluded wit France in 1788; by Mr. Pitt; of which it was said that t was advantageous to the 'English .nation' that t French otfght never again to •make•-a 'commercial treat .- lle turned'froni biir own country to other countries, a he..tisked whether the reduction ~of , the duty: on ime not been:highly beneficial. The niostobvions. country in reference to this. part of the question was - the -United States of America. For a - long series Of . years, while the United Statei Of America Were steadily pro grewing,• their - imports, largely exceeded their exports, andtheattentitne of One of • the most acute 'observers of H human Nature,-Dr.' Franklin, was turned to the' subject. HO said, that if the - importation , of foreign. luxurfes could ruin a people,)they, the Atnericansovinild proba bly haVe been ruined gong igo, -for the British nation hadr • claimed . and.. - . ex,e superfluities her _exercised • the right: of importing, :not own. ,1 production, , but, Of every, nation under heaven. But setting aside. t h es e questions of the past; 43 . .11y _ ' th succeed in' future.' There appeared to be no approxinia the simply tion on the . part' of France towards' a commercial treaty. , .question was, whether they were likely to the world, an ! Trance, and in alMost every , nation ing With this country. believed United, States contern fextremejealousY of English corrinereei .I;?eeve something that . they© exist", in :that the preyailed in GernoPY• ne' did net , h; toward a 010 only, in our thro„ c unewith them re connex t eorlimprcial connexion.,•• consist *pew our ports o -,lated epProtte. thein; -- and taking whatever we- • • 'us what that they would in the end take thy.- ' + think .ev.ekl: :they :wanted, in return. He .did that the answer or the Minister would, , wanted, convinced satisfactory., to the. ,countryi' The Taitid. of. the coVntry was-Made up on the-sabieet. The .Vrench.G overnment had given adeeided answer on the question,;andhecl‘WestYs • : - ,Li64 , er i tt ti n=ugtil,- to taice-theasitme courses .aud relieve ' l l - ht '''OPtliti-:entuterseeirtnie:the , ,inisehihfai Aiwa sioned by the uncertainty. Mr. eIitiDTONE did hot think-it would be difficult to showl 'the Hous'e 'sufficient reason, for refiising the motion. Whether he' should' be- able to answer the }knowable Qentleman •to his own satisfaction, he 'did: - not 'ithoW i for he did- not , quite under stand the terms :of: the motion. -He thought he could:Satisfy the Houte that the motion ought not to be conceded; and that without , disputing or even- referring to a great Many 'of the lien. Gentleman's statements. The Hen. Gentleman had alluded to the-negotiations which had taken place between Great Britain- and other countries. Now, he (Mr. Gladstone) did not think it necessary to enter with him (Mr. B-.) into the policy of these negotiations: He did not think it necessary, becauie if he agreed with him that all these were use less, still he had not made out a case for a motion so broad as this: The Gentleman last year brought forward a motion That it was neither useful nor expedient tb iiitiVeoininercial treaties ; but this motion was still larger,-as' it would go to declare; abstractly and without cond4tion, • :that this GoVerninent ought never to -enter into crratigements respecting tariffs with other countriest It would declare that no two countries could .enter into any arrangeinents involving questions of trade. He thanked the lion. Gentleman, however, on the part of his Right Bon. Friend for-the high opinion he had ex :pressed of him and which he believed to be deserved, and for - the- extreme charity of his judgment. ;The lion. Gentleman (Mr. Ricardo) in speaking of 'Brazil had ventured- tciSay; that the proceedings of, this country in the attempted' negotiation with Brazil were absurd. ' Mr. RICARDO---No, I said preposterous.--(A laugh.) 'Mr: GLAIiSTONE--Well, preposterous. He . said that nothing could be more preposterous than that on the part Of. Brazil duties on certain articles, to the amount of only 40 percent. ShoUld- be charged, whilst in our tariff we charged 300 per cent.. on some of the articles coming Brazil. Nbw, did the Hon. Member think that this was a fair representation of the case ? Why it was only the other evening that he (Mr. Glad stone), when discussing another questiOni had been called upon to "shoW that . the . 40 per cent. ditties of the Bra zilians were - 'imposed- not for the objects of revenue, but for the avowed purpose of raisingup A protective system. Surely that was a very different matter. . . Mr. RICARDO- . —lt comes to just the same thing. ' Mr: GLADSTONE then did not understand the sub ject at all,--he kneW not the distinction between duties laid on for `revenue and duties laid on for protection. Howeier, that was a matter into which he would not further enter. The "Han:-Gentleman • had - adverted to the case' f Spain, and to the failure of every attempt to effect a commercial negotiation with that -country. He did not at all - WiSh to - disguise the partienlar objections which lay in the way of these negotiations. But. he ought to have taken into his view all the special circum stances whieh'affeeted Spain, and the difficulties which this Government 'had to encounter in a country where 'Government, at the' best of ,times weak, had lately become, poWerless,' 'as, unfortunately, recent events had but too - clearly proved.--:(Hear, hear.) The' Hon. Gentleman had alluded to the case of America, and had said that one of the .clauses of Lord Ashbar ton's treaty was likely to produce the worst effects; that was a question that he would not now go into, but he thought that the Hon:, Gentleman had given a wrong interpretation of the clause he had alluded to with re spect to 'the State of Maine. 'The opinion he had formed On one of the chases - was 'entirely groundless; so also with reSpect to rice... With respect to Maine the privi lege, given to - it was One that had been given by treaties. he Hon. Gentleman appeared to think it unreasonable • at they should stickle with the diities that had been t on by Portugal on goods the produce. of this country, `While they - were placing •a duty of 30 or 40 per cent. n the products of that edentry: Nor for his own part he 'thought there was no comparison between the two cases. He Would not denY that there • were great difficulties connected with' the subject. The .uncertainty itself was a great evil. The delay was an evil.—(Cheers.) He - Would not deny that, in certain cases, , negotiations Of this nature, might-,give rise to hostile ,feelings. The negetiators might be apt to 'over-estimate the advan tages which they . themselves offered, and to under-esti mate the advantages offered by others. He admitted that inconveniences might attend negotiations of this natare, and therefore he admitted that negotiations for ommereial treaties ought not to be undertaken without one"- prospect of their being brought to a suecess eV termination. He had no desire, to und e r ra t e he :practical, difficulties of the subject, but the uestion really 'raised .by the Honourable Gentleman ii ii e e it : gi t%i ta s Ti l e Vd b : coni e tonivaernetaittgleutrse?atießs, Because e der if any t ere possible to form an advantageous commercial t r os e ne a l i fe y rif , ,i. i ion t , p 3 - g. t 0 worldtaking t ib resolution.; advantageoosi t i, t t unwise jol.7 f i g n oulc t v h h, the taHheo circumstance,ut rsee treaty o y preclude i j, bhye razils was anadvaetageous treaty. He admitted that he treaty Was-in one respect an .illustration of the ar-. umeat of the Honourable Gentleman, because in later ears it. hid tended ,to create a belief among the Bra ilians that they had, been. unjustly dealt . with. No oubt in , that treaty, political countenance and encou agement had been exchanged for commercial. Oven ages, and when that pOlitiCal countenance was no longer ecessary, those who had, to: pay for if, in the shape of ommercial advantageS, felt, no doubt "a:degree- of 'sore esa. : The Hon.. Gentleman Said, that the trade with' ussia was as great as that, with the Brazils. - He de ix b, v ,ri i :e a : : ,or. yli t ti that , ,jlwk t ,34a.3ixasra such 7:j.., 1 ,p - : .mwkopahia had . t 94 vht the. Population; populationcase.;niai .nii.otfi limitation sixty e . i b oo u un t s .O millions.i oneotf f duty h is tt u o ld : imn recollectedtbihtieThlieeho2s;ratani whileiqi.ufiiaißrazilian n... urerso(this country. The 114 n. Gentleman had referred ;to the 'Commercial treaty with France, in 1787. Now, frhat was an ,example of a, good commercial treaty. o wished . to. draw a distinction bet Ween occasional tides, and an indiscriminate system . of commerc ial duties. He hoped that the present Government, 'And 'those who might in future -govern, -would profit by ex iperience, and give to commercial treaties net mere than theil' due Weight ;: butthatneed: not preclude the possi bility of making' any .treaties.. The question was, wile , - ther abstract 'propositions in commercial matters were the'niosticorivenient forms for 'expressing the opinion of legislative bodies upon them. Instead of Allowing eir enniStandes their due'Weight, - they Were•called- on- to-tie up their hands,_and put it out of their power to legislate at all. 'The Don. Menabertalked of the spinning-jenny andltetirit:.engine being - abstract propositions'; he - was int Aware, that either of them made their way into this world as atstraCt propositions. He thought-they Were thereiult of labour and invention, perfected by men who sVidied,itfdrolloWed Nature;' according the guide of cir le'filu i b tAiic'et • 'Thatwas the principle on which he should I wish to proceed„ The. doctrine sought .to be laid down j extended to altdontinercial 'treaties. He denied that no Cake. bUilld arise in _which it might not be desirable to Make a remission 'of revenue duty, without depending on the - 0441041g Of doheesSionsMade . by -foreign Powers. The. Hen. Gentleman appeared to assume that because, aS'he'stiiiii he'would gain•his resultin another shape; as in : tini'eaSe of ItYSsia, from the shape in'which it would be obtained in the ease . of India or Atnericii, that there', forelt was 0, perfect 'Matter 'Of indifference in what shape iC.v4S:.Obiaiiied.' 'He - (Mr. Gladstone) admitted that the trade Witliltntsia 'stag benefitial: to the country; but that it weald.be more beneficial if their tariff, instead of being ahnost :restrictive, Was 'Mere liberal. It was a great Mistake - to exclude froth . their view the purposes , for which the 'commercial' treaties had been completed. ' The , Methuentrehty wag' a ease' in which the manifest result was, that. theY,paid in hard money fer real or supposed .polificar advantages. The treaties entered 'into during the last two years • had not - been entered ' into with a view Of establishing permanent Systems of ,dif ferektial duty. It; had always been plainly avowed that .~ ~ the reductions WOurct be ' extended' to other countries. Thu negotiation with France five or six years ago was net,Undertalien Merely with reference to Sheffield and woolleii.oods. '.He believed the object was to break dowiiAhe System. Let them watch the use 'of the ' means AS much as they .pleased, but let them' not take _froni., : the Government the ' means 'of doing what, -in giVen. cireunistances, would be a' pewerful instrument in -producing 'a favourable change in commercial legisla tion.UnTeSS the Hon. Gentleman 'could- show that it was-immaterial to this country whether other countries with which we dealt shOuld have prohibitive system's or not--;utileis lie could show that' the treaty with Brazil had been injurious to our' trade,' and that the-treaty en tered into with • France had, been injurious---he hadno right' to 'call on tho Ileuse; in language perfectly Clear and 'perspicuOus, 'to' affirm' each and every ono of those, propositions . which ,he , (Mr. - Gladstone) had MetitiOned.. ' Ile, therefore, - called on the House.., to reject ' the motion, and to- affirm theprineiples of romnion sense, that .if a commercial treaty was to be attended' plainly 'with advantage .it ,shouldnot be refused in, consequence of the Hon. Gen ' , tleinin's prkinsition. H e again called on the Honie to ,reject the motion, and not to tie up their handii fur -the future', and shut -the country out froni . the'possibilily of availing itself 'of' advantages which might hereafter offer: -.. . . , ,_ ~ Lord HOWICK '..liacibeard with satisfaction much of what had been saidby.the Right Hon. Gentleman. His „Hun.. Friend 'Who made the motion 44 not more clearly ihowthe impolicy and inconvenience -of those negotia tions than the . Right" - 1 -ion.-: Gentleman himself.— (OheerS.) : The Eight Hon. Gentleman had expressed, with -gre.ater. . force and .conciseness than he (Lord I-leirieltOuld'atterript that inconvenience and impolicy. The only 64jection. which the Right' Ron.' Gentleinan alleged-to the motion, and. in which he' called .on the House to reject, Was that there was. a 'probabiliti that a case might ariSe. When it would be .desirable to enter inte.a lapgo4ttion.4 7 (Hear„) Ile' (Lord Howick) con fessedihat fie wa`s altonished to heir the lion. Gentle ,,armagn4+3,ol3ol.*itO.atihnviadss- nut be' on the gr i o ab i t tn i abstract 0ne,,,-tHear;' hear.) '. Worild 'the - Right' lion. Gentlem - aninform him howanything . could be less ab stract than .this : that the 'House in the exercise of its oonstitutionarNight should address the Queen, praying Phpr..,taexercise,her prerogative in acertain manner, and `to statl. the reaions, why they asked her to do so ? They knew- that the Government entered into negotiations with out the:Honse having any control ; and then they 'called upon the House to give ' their sanction to what had been done. What then could be moreproper—what less abstraet -than that .the House. should address the Queen . on this snbject, and. state their. reasons for doing -So.- . It Was . the common, the:proper, and the constitutional course. forthattloloai espconsidertr q : ju r . p:, ~,if N .no , t: i r i t. a i - kus t t li l h: i ci e aissid:ti o etaib t .- ijtb l i ssse e :toc i- ei::;4 l l7st l tr,hi o apiie u idruirre s iipi, e ilie6cetede ! . p621.1 g ., y.o i mp t q ' e ? igr! ohoo.Btottlit‘hinei the eTi present i, o eti II: s h in e n li her 9e49.4°n? ' Ile (Lord ii("vlek) g fi : r ea ° : l ,: o e ' t d ih w i t te o a i t c hs ap c a l i o r )tr m al) e lc i .ov p a P t t .uet a a c w rtg r r ajo e ed s s. t . l r h il ie t : n e_ 7 4 1taj u lil l is a lug 1 7 . 1 th °r e Yf ir 't : b le C gislation. In the abstract—that was in ,their: language 7 ;--they- Were free-traders ; ' but in their' ..,-o t ,e, they were Complete restrictienistS. Hon, Gen . I.l P .pi r r i--- cnii .3 . i eusi 7. - ; 0 r n o s ,, Lt e 7 n,, . i ' s fr v t il .ee se ., l - i i i r4 P .s r a in iS tr tli le :y t tG to e in the. dearest market. : buy in the cheapest au, : 9 .` e - Though this was their ieitiii;A:g c !Fk-I n li iil tY.6 l W i fi tl V, irj best to encumber the trade 0 the v w " —Y /4 —e 2.- most noxious and oppressive provisions. They laid upon -our various branches of national industry the heaviest duties—duties which could be defended on no grounds of necessity, and on no sound political or com mercial principles. What was the reason for .such conduct ? It was plainly this, that private interests were enlisted against • the public good. It appeared to him, that the motion of .his Hon. Friend,(Mr. Ricardo) was a motion_ calculated to be most eminently useful to the country ; but it was calculated to bring before the House, and the country, distinctly and separately from other questions, the, policy . of insisting upon what were termed reciprocity concessions. If the House might judge of their conduct, there really appeared to be very slight grounds of difference between her Majesty's Go yernment and those aqui supported the motion. The supporters of the motion held that all restrictions in trade were disadvantageous ; and that res:rictions by other countries were just as disadvantageous as those in this country. Right Hon. Gentlemen opposite held that it was injudicious to maintain high duties, and there by punish ourselves because other nations did so: No man had avowed . that, opinion. ,more strongly than the Right. Hon. Baronet himself did in his speech when he introduced the tariff. SO far they were entirely agreed, and the only difference between them was re duced to this, first as to the expediency, even for a short time of submitting to the inconvenience of restric tion upon our own trade, in the -hope of getting other countries to join with us in, taking oft' the restrictions they, imposed, and next as to what would be the best course to pursue for, the purpose. of placing the trade between this country and the other nations of the world upon that foeting which all agreed was desirable that it should be placed., Now it, appeared to him that if they ad• mitted that it was inexpedient to punish ourselves by • high ..duties, because other nations imposed high duties - on our produce, it was hardly possible to avoid the conclusion that it was necessary at once to 'make the change ; because time. was a very material element in this case.. If they admitted that the system was punishing themselves, and that it was unwise per manently to continue it, he could not conceive how. they could reject, even for a day, that relief which was available to them, and which would better the pOpulation of this, country. He could ~net conceive. how, they could do this . under the vague expectation that by ,main taining the system they would get other countries to join them in the establishment of perfect freedom. It appeared to him that this must he a mistake, arising ,from misconception as to the relativ e imp or t ance o f re striction upon our imports and exports. Her Majesty's Government seemed still, with all the advances they had made 'in the doctrine •of free trade—they still seemed not entirely to have shaken off the old notion, that it was the expert . trade that was the most advantageous, and that what was long ago called a favourable balance of trade was desirable. It was nom nearly three quarterS of . a century since that , theory was exploded, by every educated man ;. yet something.of this opinion still hung on the minds of statesmen, and still seemed to be the governing influence' of the' conduct of nations. We. still seemed to think that the exports we, re"- the most adiantageous. Now he entirely concurred with the HOn. Gentleman behind • WM, that the real value of trade lity in the imports, and not in the exports. ---(Hear.) The -first question to be considered was, what amount of -goods they were able to obtain for the consumption of the population.—(Hear, hear.) The export trade was no doubt important, but it was so only as a _means by:which they were enabled to obtain their imports. It was a most extraordinary course of policy that they should refuse .to receiveimports because they were "not tinite certain that there would be no difficulty hereafter in providing the means of payment. Now he would ask whether that difficulty had been particularly felt hithertp?—(Hear, hear.) it was enough to state that for a considerable time we had been carrying on what was called a triangular system of trade, by means of the smuggler. The greater facility they gave to the introduction of foreign. gooda. into. this country it was clear that a corresponding ,extension of. the export trade must foll Ow. That was a truth which seemed to him to rest upon the most obvious principles of the commonest arithmetic. For his part he did not deny that extrava gant auties existed, in. foreign countries, and he thought that by such, duties those nations not only obstructed, the progress of civilisation, but also prevented them selves from benefiting by the produce of other nation's. —(Hear, hear.) It was in that sense only that he be lieved those duties were-injurious to us. The grounds for such a cause of policy therefore appeared to him to be almost inconceivable. In considering this question he had derived considerable advantage from the state ments of Right Hon. Gentlemen opposite, and he thought he (Mr. Gladstone) had.. stated the grounds for antici pating what would be the result of commercial treaties. Ile (Lord HoWick) would appeal to experience upon this siihject- 'iver since the .termination of the war we had been _engaged in one unceasing course of negotiations. , We had lost no opportunity. Our :ablest Ministers -at home and abroad— Mi. Canning, the 'Noble Lord the Member for TiVerton (Lord Palmerston), the •Earl Of Aberdeen, the Duke of Wellington,. the Right Hon. - Gentleman opposite (Sir 'Robert Peel), and some of the most :distinguishedinen thisteeuntry ever produced, had, -for a period:of nearly thirty years, been engaged in-attempts • to negotiate ad s vantageous commercial treaties with other countries. What had been the result ? Why, that at this time we 'were no better off than _at the beginning. Right Hon. Gentlemen opposite themselves admitted that there was 'agrowing desire upon the part' of foreign:countries - to throw. obstructions in - the way ,of trade. What would :have" been the result if ,a different course of policy had been parsuedhy Greatßritain ? Suppose. that .at the end of the war no negotiation of any sort had been enteredinto—suppose we had commenced by reducing all our duties to as low a point as revenue consideratitina would allow. If that course had been taken in 1815,-if they had dealt on that principle with Brazilian sugar, With Prussian corn; with Baltic timber—didthey think that they would have driven foreign countries to the ne cessity of adoptinga commercial system of -so exclusive a character as they bad ?: He believed, no : man would contend-that such,wotild have been the. case.—(Hear.) Altheugh thii,course had not . been pursued hitherto, it was not too late 'to adopt it now. Let them teach other countries by example, not by precept.—(Hear, hear). That:WoUld be the'practical result of the motion of his Hon. Friend. It was not an abstract proposition, but was one eminently Calculated - to be useful to the country. The - Right . Hon: - Gentleman' opposite (Mr: Gladstone) admitted the general impolicy of commercial noisofalits tioni; bill he , said'a Do 'net • tie up . the lands .of the .Go - vernment, for it is :not probable"---(The Right Hon Gentleman knew_it was not proba.ble)—" but it is .pos sible.„ that a ease may arise in which, we may be ,able to coaclurle.,,adyeetegeous commercial treaties." The Right Hrtan:Gentlemati then referred to exampleS, and the first to Whieh:he adverted was atreaty in 1787, with France:. He (Lord HoWick) dia not question the advan tage of that arrangement. Although he was a great ad- mirer:of Mr. Fox, he must admit 'that, as. a -commercial Minister • Mr.-Pitt was 'superior to him ; but he (Lord . Howickbelieved that'll' the treaty of 1787 had not, been entered into the result would have. been moret beneficial , to this Country. If we liad then adopted a liberal po licy; and had left France to follow our, example_ had she plestsed, at this moment. the, beneficial effects of such a course would have been visible. The Right Hon. Gentlemates next ,example was "the treaty with Brazil.; - NOW the flight Hon. Gentleman - himself was obliged to • admit that, in point Of fact, that treaty with Brazil gave her no. commercial advantages ' as they were called, while it required a great deal of her in order- - to secure our political countenance.' That- he , (Lord Howick) - thought vas' the - strongest "condemnation -of. the treaty that could be found.—(Hear.) He firmly believed , that instead :Of . driving this bard • bareain • with instead of, doing ',Abet, they had liberally. admitted her produce, and shoa n her the - same poli-, tical countenance, -, only giying in return. what, , accord ing to the opinion of. the Right Hon. Gentleman, was little better than a bribe—if they had given freely their ' political countenance, and admitted her, produce, he believed, they would 'have obtained greater commercial advantages than they had enjoyed from that time to this. Ile believed..that now, in the year 1844, there would hare been • no reason .to apprehend that Brazil would impose: differential - duties with respect to our cominoditiea., •He believed, that , they would not have had to apprehend that Brazil would impose a duty of '4O, per cent: on : British commodities. But further than this, he said that he was prepared to tie up the hands of the Government on this point, and he was prepared to lay down it rule, that commercial treaties ought7not. to be entered. into. Ile would do this in such a manner; as shoiv to foreign nations that this did not merely disclaim • any attempt to enter-ipto -treaties which they thought they could not get but in such a manner as to show that there was a bona fide pre- Terence -of-: the *principle of dealing 'largely and liberally with all the nations of the world. If they acted on thatsprincipleif they said We 'want no com mercial treaties—we want no stipulations with foreign countries as to the 'rates of duty to be levied on our goods,. but we will proceed at once to adjust our duties with regard to the financial interests of this country-- if they did this, he (Lord Hoaick) was persuaded that the result would be, that the trade of ,this country Would make such an immediate spring, and such an ex tension of our present export trade would ensue—he did not say 'at once, but in the course of a very few years—that other nations would see the wisdom 'of fol lowing our example. lie . believed that the feeling Which now influenced the conduct, of ; foreign'eountries, which ,had been so graphically described by the Right Hon. Gentleman, would no longer be called into, play. . The monopoly interests in foreign countries—the,. iron interest of France, for instance--would no longer be ena bl e d_ to enlist, in support of that monopoly, the 'angry ..sions of a great portion of the corn, .The commercial policy of foreign coun tries ivo, be so influenced, 'that in a very short tar:.'—in the course, - believed, of a very few years—th,‘ practical effect of their adopting the policy which he recommended would be, that trade in this country would be 'relieved of extravagant rates of duty in foreign countries on our goods, which were now levied.. - Ile flaked them, was it a satisfactory answer to them; • now he, wished to .secure those great advantages, -by the adoption o f a lib era l, a generous, arid a manly system of commercial policy —now, when he wished to secure these great advantages, was it a satisfactory answer to'him, for the Right Hon. Gentlemen' opposite to say--" Dou't tie up the hands of the Government. It isnot probable, but it is possible, that the tase May arise When we .may conclude scene commercial treaty ; and, for the sake of that possibility, surrender those large and great advantages we - have now in our power to secure ?" He (Lord Howick) said that the adoption of that address to:the Queen, by the House, would be a most'important step with reference to the civilization of the world at large—(Cries of " Hear, hear") — it w o uld be a pledge in the face - of Europe and the world, that this,: the first - commercial nation in the universe, was determined to give up her narrow and restricted system: of! commercial would It •would be a...pledge rbilitliug upon them in future tune, and therefore it r , Own confidence :_to ‘ .fgreign a strong inducement fOr them to 4 The motion of the Hon. Member he considered ve r y well-timed; first, because it was introduced when for long protracted negotiations with the four great com mercial nations had utterly and lamentably failed -11°r was there any prospect of these negotiations being re sumed with success. Now the ground was clear befo re them—they had given a trial of thirty years to one sri tern of policy. Let them give us fair and as long a tr it , l A to the system proposed ; but he was convinced it well'7' t prove eminently successful before a fourth part of t lia " period had expired.—(Hear, hear.) But the motion Ives well-timed in another sense, because it was impossible fa any man to look. around him and behold' th e present state of the country without being convinced of the urgen t Ile ; cessity there existed for the extension and improselne ° of commerce. It was true the distress was not, as great as it had been two years ago. He was haPPY,,,, t f t believe that trade had revived to a great extent 11 there was, in some measure, a return of commerci',,. prosperity ; but no man, who looked deeply into tee" condition of the country, would say that it.was is factory. Were not the rate of wages and the. Pre ° . of capital ruinously low ? That the profits were low was proved by the measure which the Right Hon Or a .; tleman the Chancellor of the Exchequer had br ou r ? forward a few evenings ago. He agreed in the apPr eba ,,, ; tion which had been bestowed on the measure fvr. reduction of the Three-and-a-Half per Cents, hut ' high prices of the funds, which 'caused the introduc tion of that measure, must be- regarded as a i r % thing but satisfactory. The high prices of the f a proved that there was great difficulty in finding t p , means of profitable investment for 1.! apital.—( llea '; When there was a low rate of profit there was a le rate of wages. The Hon. Member for Stockport had ~ adverted, a few evenings ago, in the course of .his h rl liant and unanswerable speech, to the low rate of l',* ° g e d, in the agricultural districts of the south of En;g l , Bl/ and he v- ry properly observed, that he threw no login on the employers.—(Hear, hear.) He said the low rate of wages did not depend on the will of the empl . o )f ) ' but on causes far deeper. That was his (Lord Hovn ek 51 , opinion too. The same state of things had existed se T years ago, and the cause was admirably described by tn e t lamented Mr. Huskisson, who said it arose from - the gr, r e t pressure on the springs of productive industry. - 1- “ e same state of things existed now from the same cause.-- (Hear, hear.) It was the great pressure on the 'sprinfs of productive industry that caused the low Wages (°f. thee Dorsetshire labourers, and the miserable earnings ni London semptresses.—(Hear, hear.) The Right LW' Baronet told them last night that wages and profits .i Z e or ,t ground down to so low a state that they could not au . n. to make any restriction in the hours' Of labour, even protecting females from over exertion, which, in the° • street, was most desirable. That pressureon the of productive industry arose now as then from a T o i ciency in the field for the employment' of labour 09, capital. It was their restrictive' laws, which prev.e°," - „t that field from being enlarged—it was these .laws tra kept down profit and labour to the lowest point• fld therefore it was those restrictive laws whichit-sheulie be the first object .of every man to get rid of. Asl tj h o of the most important steps towards accomplishing object, he should concur with his Hon. Friend in lail s down the rule that they should not unite for what_ Ap . .- /c e , , termed reciprocity of concession from foreign counind but ought at once, trusting that other nations we he follow, our example, take into serious consideration 1;.0, means of consistently, and upon general principles' u p. during the rate of Custom dutie,s as far as 'revenue r • poses woulel allow them.—(Loud 'cheers.) lin t° Sir HANMER, after complimenting the he , Lord on . the ability and force of his speech, 041 00 , could not agree in the principles enumerated 11 ,.. be Noble Lord. He thought this country should n ee be altogether indifferent to commercial negotiations , 41/ e ld thoughtto them it owed much of its greatness. .WhY s 'i; of we allow corn and cotton to come free from the ban... t a the Mississippi to our ports,' whilst they maintatothis their present high tariff; or what guarantee ha d o ld country that America, or the European States 1° renounce their import duties, some of which we r i f most prohibitory, if we adopted ever so liberal .an b e restricted a system? This Government should ne l ree t indifferent to the reciprocity of concession. A ghee authority, Lord -Ashburton, had declared in 183 3, o f presenting the great petition from the merchandtrsre. London, that reciprocity was by no means to he 0 0 0. garded,—(Hear.) He was quite as anxious as t oe Members opposite to extend the,trade of this rot a and proinote its conaznerbial prosperity, but 'he di t o.. thinkthe course at pr the proposed would have or dency to affect th6se - oibjeets, and he should therefore pose it. the Mr. HUME said.ftf must .-be very gratifying' to . o f ll6usectir..leacl that the "Hen. Member was desire° ht thng extending the commerce or" this country. He ---o Go neither the Right Hon. Baronet at the head of the idop t vernment, northe Right - Hot.i. Gentleman the f i r es ro of the Board of .Trade, had--=-judging from the ir a 'i l ot ments—read the Motion of his Hon. Friend, 'P r er ed one point adduced by him, he drought, had been an ° f o to by them. The Hon. Member vas about enteringthoe some financial details, to prove the injury wh ieb „' restrictions inflicted upon the commerce of this e e " -when, o tecb An HoN. MEMBER moVed that thn,House be eolgtoe and only thirty-nine Members being floesent, the ' l° : adjourned at a Quarter to Eight o'clock... , . SOUTH EASTERN COUN T IES . RAILWAY. the ' Yesterday, at one o'clock, a special. -m ' ) , 1 he ld Proprietors and Directors of the above Railway riB ", of at the terminus, London-bridge, for the pull o 0 1 taking into consideration the draft of a Bill to ad e i improve the harbour at Folkestone, and to form 3 bra d; ft railway from the main line to that place; also the a u e of a second Bill, empoweringthe Company to branch line from Ashford to Canterbury, Rainsg l ` so thol Margate ; and to consider the propriety ° i t d - l ona' rising the Directors to raise, by the issue of nu4etlia,g, shares to the amount of 28,000, a sum not e;t' Cpl 696,000 L, for the purpoie of providing for a corratsi ing amountinsecurities now existing under the - the Company: , e The Chairman of the Company, Mr. BO- tgpi' the took the chair'at one o'clock, and said, the objee ores ; present meeting was only to confirm certain ines otos which had been adopted at the last general, rile ine j r hs .the Proprietors. As they had so recent/1 ar is a jjea, the objects for which the present meeting Was t e ; i a eire e , should not' detain them longer than to expres s u` s / i. o ptie' willingness to answer any questions which th e ' tors might wish to put to him. • In reply to questions put to him by several Proll.id eo The CHAIRMAN 'said that the new shares Iv e t _ u „a kee ° , be registered until the first instalment of 41 noon paid, otherwise it would be only a scrip. __,Y er _ ii f iefr 4 r, - who-paid- -41- would have his -name-enter -eu Company's book for 6L ss; and be debitecraee e ~r o prr The sutii of money so raised would be strictly. Of:10a ated to the purposes named in the requisitio tee fli - e — mbefing; and if there were a residue , -- i t u i c h applied to , the Parliamentary liabili t i e s to . r Company was . subject. • ' Ale c :o 4f° A number CE: resolutions, confirming the t. - s' which the meet*g was convened, having ee, o sec and thanks voted to the Chairman, the taeft'", rated. ,is - . Cti _ WITCHCRAFT IN Xi= l9rir CnsiTonl ". of - daY t l circumstance, showing ,hat even' at this bale superstitious belief in witt.'heraft among , „d last i fro o :country is not yet altogetr.'er eitinct; in the Town's Muir. A smaM,farrner there .ni'" sw ot v•,, , er which the milk fell away, and: I!)elieving it wits c_ . 0 . 03 . 1 ,0 05 .",evil eye," sent for a person, p; •of es sing • to.llT ett •11 0 t _of discovering the agent a the ..mischief- Rein • h to ~ , „ called, and Crummy's condition eit), l aloc" •jk, OP" hen's egg,. blew it, and filled the shei: l with tunai -0 1 , 1 , it the owner of the cow, and told him te t g ut 110 ieTglititiUrS,Ntith it, and that whenwlio:ldn'Sse 10:..018 up he found the milk did not drop in the heel VIC .. e tti did so, there was the destroyer of his csrifs; ile ost man did as he was desired. From walking , P, Wo lll 'o s rally became churned, and at a certain ne lts : a seaeT el; drop. The result was, that the occupier" i'_reteoc - i v tisw pronounced to be the witch. A very serious cou'ailo held by the owner of the cow and his frienci`k, o 4o o then should be done. The projector of the for 01001,0 was called. He told them the only thing now,f e regt 4l f to get a nail and scratch the brow of the sr s ' we s•Ov i :;,4' the milk would again come to the- cow. T l ' l l . fool managed, but the cow was, of course, no bette • erinnuit.---Perth Courier. • ;pits, On the 14th inst., atllClaßstlTerfu•S; . thewitietioir,t"VC6o°ll.". ander Magnay, Esq., her Majesty's 69th RogL w is On the 16th inst., at Clifton-grove, York, he 01 1 ° tain Darnell, of a daughter. • r On'the 16th inst., at Laurel Villa, Hat nynel oo d i er ' , ofAnthony Reboul, Esq., of a daughter. ~x • T. abt On the 16th inst., at Brighton, the • hub' n' A Esq., 16th Regiment Bombay Native Infantry',, On the 17th inst., in Upper Thaler -street' •sct e ' tl Lambert Pole, Esq., of a daughter. vas eall-sq ,h, On the 18th inst., at Montague-street, A* wife of John Shaw, Esq., of a son. •M r b, John. On the 18th inst., at St. James's-plaee , , squsr e, , e` of a son. ave" I Ors' On the 17th inst., in Eaton-place , Be gr re, Hopkinson, of a daughter. in'sq u4 On the 17th inst., in Park-street, Grasv en t o w hoe °. George Lewis of a son who only surviv ed e ll, ,chi e MARRIED. protesLsitil CfaS • On the 3d of January, at the Barrac.kk, to lop' der Berhampore, • Frederick . Arthur ElillZieut.) 11 0 4 third daughter of W. M. Gray, Esq. , melta , ` - ' c s'ese s o f On the 27th ult.. at the Palace. Chap? y , B Erasmus Ommanney, R.N., of her M a iest . o f to Amelia Mary, eldest •daughter of Samuel her Majesty's Dockyard, Malta. • ___ 4ite r e , • DIED. Major-General 11. Roberts, Ca, ~t e' t of On the sth inst., at Torquay, Maroiaf ding' ' Lymingt•on, Hants, aged 12. o f On the 4th inst., at Elgin, Jessie, S e e , iorfoiordtt,t):Ab.e, et; late Robert Marquis, Esq., of Durn,_ag.c e i g `F o too: ll , d ! • On the 29th of February, at Nap! D a r". field, Somerset. cho e ide y .';g, P t/ Sir Peregrine'Palmer Fuller Palmer Aclaa .". At Leicester House, Jersey, Richard o r-ev Waal ' 4 o f i he Orithe"l6th inst., Eliza, the wife surgeon, Brighton. Elean clr ' ne On the 16th inst.,, at Sitti n g bour, W. Castle, Esq. child - e t. / . 11.. On the 16th inst. , Cat herin e , only relict Seaton, surgeon, Sloane-street. , Ilenriettei • . On 'the llith inst., in Curzon- s treet, er eo • eft?' •t• Balfour, Esq. • • o n- -FOP , • ' - On the 16th inst. Itobert John Harris . ••, II Montgoinery. • Islington, aged 86. c orgis' 0,1 On the 17thinst., gr. John Groyes.„ Cb.sritlll3 da O ug u hte th r e of l 3 7 i t a l j i al Igar lile 'Alie On the 14th inst., at Woolwich, JOI. son of Captain J. W. Mitchell, B.A. orintalclantld,Koeuf tthisehit°!:;:;ra,y,d. of 1 4 0. r-Ondou: Printed and PubliOed No 112, Strand, Printer, at The Sur . 4110 cAse7 , Strand, in the precinct of the Savny , I °'• • ; 6 1,, WedneadaY, March F . ! Attt.--I,');' - 1 4