The Sun. — London, England, 1844-05-01 00:00:00

-- SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. ,--ylicu 'Tit F. ET.4•ICrSC TArfILS PT,AISTEAD.A.3I. STAN DARD.—The Chancellor of Exchequer last njght introduced the Budget,'in a - speech of considerable length and of 'unexampled" clearness: .. It is wonderful how plain a tile one can tell when his _case happens to be a goof one, and the news he has to'lell is likely to prove pleasant. The financial statement W2S;' however, deprived of much of its interest by anticipation. The revenue accounts had forestalled its most agreeable:a:is- - i closures-w-the known character of the Government fur prudence and f.r a conteitipt• of " yap" reputation, gave' wattling that there 'would be nothing strikin'g in the financial plans for the futttre. - The im portant fac ts developed in Mr. Goulburn's speech are these.-----the revenue for tbe - year just oo:zed exceeded, the, Right Honours ttl •G`entlemarea estimate . made twelvemonths ago 1ar,700,000/. The expenditure of the S'anse-year fell short of the expected, expenditure by ,%hott . - 1,300,000/. - There facts, one and two—the greett.,extess of revenue, and the great • reduction of eXpense are no doubt gratifying ; btit the MC)st eXtraordinary fact of all, is the appearance, of - a Chancellor of the Exchequer wh) in so great a degree underrates his prospects, and underrates his retrenchments. Such a Minister is the most surprising contrast to his predecessors in office, as . for many years their practice has been to pro mise a great deal morn revenue, and a great deal more retrenchment than they ever realised. Between ' " excess of revenue and defect of expenditure the surplus 'of revenue above expenditure last year amounts to • 4,100,000/. Now, of this sum, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, like an honest and prudent man, takes at once 2,700,000/., to make good a deficiency Of last year to that extent, and. the balance of 1,400,0001. he places safely in the Exchequer, to enable the GovernMent to take a confident tone in its ap proaching negotiations with the Bank of England : so much for the present year. For the year before us Goulburn estimates "the revenue at 51,790,0001., - aboula, million less than the revenue of .'the year just concluded, which was 52,835,124/. The expenditure for the year before us he rates at 48,643,170/., leaving a • surplus of 3,146,830 E, -viz.:— Revenue Eipenditure Surplus „it 3,16,830 the estimated expenditure are included — Chink arrears TlArte-iendtlialf per Cent. dissentients ... ,Liquidatichis of an old guarantee loan to the • • ,Sopt4,Sea Commpany 40,0,000 200,000 £239,000 L 1:83p,000 ; Alt this;however, it is to be remembered, is included in the expenditure of 469643,270 L , _ i On the other side, there are to be sant reductions of tAxation as follows.:— . i Glass ' • £3p,000 . Vinegar . - • 1,000 .Currants - ' 90,006 Cuffee:...;..,' 50,000 ss: . i;4.L .. . . .... :..tt =sane megrances.. • 10,000 , W 001.,:..,.: ; 1 ' 100,000 Or, in round numbers; somewhere about 400,0001.. ,These .reductions are, however, obviou4ly contem plated in the estimate of produce of revenue, which is - not nigrely 400,000/. loss than the produce of the pre sent year but 4100;0001: less. The anticipated surplus -therefore, as between / probable revenue and expen diture, will be a clear sum of 3,146;8301. Thero is, • however, a large part of this sum to be acconnted for by'Vauses not indicative of anything connected with the regular sources of revenue. 769,9001. will appear , ort i _ the credit. side - :Of next year's ..epecltunt. • on acedtint of the postliOnement of the dividends upon the Three-and-a-Half per Cents., leaving the _actual sur plus from sources of permanent supply 2,376,930/. ',Mr. Goulburn intimated that • the question of the sugar duties would be taken' into consideration upon another occasion ; and that he would, probably,' - propose areduc . ' troll to 10s: of the differential duty upon all foreign Sugars, the produce of free and not o fslsve labour. We have noroom to remark upon:the debate that followed • this gratifying exposition ; nor is much< notice neces sary ; the Whigs and Radicals certainly cut no very brilliant figure in the discussion. GLOBE.—The contrast is remarkable between; the oat-spoken style cif the Duke of Wellington and the ton committal style of. Sir Robert. Peel on the final breach between Government and the East India Directors. I We say the find' breach ; for it now appe,ars.the differeices are. of ionenwelvevinonths standing. Before we come AO his Grace of Wellington's views; tin d ; the instan tailebus chatter - confirmatory o the learned "- monkey , who has' . seen the world," . and scram bled and ,climbed ``over Many 'more prominent Points 'in the world's business: than he. has had any trustworthy faculties, or has now any human memory_ for—before we come to what was said in the Lords last night, we must just take a moment's notice of what is said by the two " Kings of l3rentford" who divide the Ministerial press between them. It is. perhaps un fair to treat the Standard and Werald as twain ; , for they seem to have only one seo of ideas. as one set of types .between them. But if not two, they are twice too saucy to, be allowed with impunity qheir present license. The style in which they presume to treat this grave subject will draw punishment—to themselves Oom their . readers--totheir. patrons—whose position can only be covered by su ch audacities. The case of the Miniltry will be prejudiced by the precipitate e ff rontery of their organs. " The public," says the Evening Rein; I, "is still wholly in the dark as to the grounds upon which the Directors of the East India Company have thougli;t it prudent to risk—we probably might say, to forfett,, by an extreme exercise of it--their power of recalling tho Governor-General." elyu, ,rep,e,st it," says the Morning Staiilard, " the act "Ortheiiirectors is doomed ; end .if the_ livisfuture:does . its duty, the ,pewee 'of lie Directo'rs' to put .t.j* - liitefe'sts of the empire ,in danger by the reeetiticar Of Such acts doomed with it." These sort - of services' to Ministers hy their press • re rather too:like thoae of the ass in the fable, who struck his hoof in his master's face to knock off a fly kora is nose. For the juxta-poStlinite these, two semen es (emanating evidently from the same servile spirit) oo clearly , points at the infirmity of the case of Ministers Wit now stands. ' T,he public is still, wholly in he i 'ditik as . to the ultimatto. grounds whiCh have out weighed all the reasons which rendered twenty-four pin tlemen, twenty of. whom we - ard-told by the Stanchird eam - Conservatives,l.unwilling to - fly in the face of 'Mirds tek But ifthe public are in the dark• as te whit uti In - 1 itely'debidea the 'Directors4 they are by no means- n re prepared to believe, by thezlethele aspect of their p e vioes conduct (as *ell as that 'of the nobleman wh m they lime now peremptorily recalled), that it must h ve been something strong and positive, and conclusive in al,l„lWe *ads. It is not the fault of the Directors if [ we,sire.te remain in ignorance of their guiding snotiv s. It ,is aiot they who shrink from publicity,, or entrench - thEillielves in politic reserves. Before they can be +- deinnea, John Bull will assuredly insist they shall firStlluil4e.l--and they court the trial. . In this postare iir *Affairs one Would laic, thought it required' assurance transcending that 4 of ccustomYd sycophancy to Irli no'uii6'e any Parlisniaits,ry . or pubh judgment, o such judgment can be pas se d without tint the evidende; an& the party which makeS itself`: the" Acchsing party ,threugh the - Organ of his Grace the Duke !of Wellington is , the party which possesses and with- ITofcli:the ovithmcc. We are told by `Sir itOberi" Peel that' tbe Goiernment most certainly were not taken by surprise; they ha(l an opportunity of stating their views to the Court of Directors, and most certainly' the Court of Directors did give full and fair intimation to her Majesty's Government previous to taking the measure." We are fold by the Duke of Wellington -- " My Jl,or.ls. though I beliek:e that this: is the first time in• the hiStory of` `the Government of India that this extreme measure has been resorted to by, the Court of Directors, or carried into execution, or vi ill be carried intnexectition, it hai More than once beeacalled into con templation; but the intention has been always recalled On the remonstrance or advice of the Minister Of the day. . And it is the fact, that it was in contemplation by these very gentlemen, with reference to the same Governor•Ge rieral, in the course c,f the last twelve months. But th4y . -were at that time prevailed upon to pass a resolution, and to abandon the intended recal." With this prima fadie evidence of calmness and circumspection on the part kif ~ the Directors, and with no' other -evidence as to their • motives except the shrewd presumptions afforded by the • . apparent absence of similar qualities on the part of the - late . Governor-General, it is rather too much' even. for the Duke of Wellington to expect Parliament or the - public to. take _his word for the discretion of Ministers, orthe indiscretion of the Directors. .D REA.DFUL MURDER - IN CORN WALL. On Wednesday inquest was held - before Joseph Ilamley, Esq.. coroner, and Mr. Gilbert Hamley, de puty-coroner, in the parish of Dawidstow, on view of the ''body of Charlotte Dymond, aged nineteen, years. • • It -appe‘ired from the evidence that deceased, companied by Matthew Weeks, left her mistress's -1 -(Mrs. Peters) house on the 14th instant ; abOut four in the. afternoon ; they were seen on the =Mrs going • lowaftis Boughton Weeks returned to Mr. Peters's •'house at nine o clock, and wh en quest i oned as to where Charlotte was, he said he did not know. On the fullowinn• morning his mistress told him to get up and come and INlp her, for she was sure he had put . r ivray-qie maid, and he ought to have known better in this busy time. ;He . was repeatedly as k ed what had become of Charlotte, both by his mistress and some • other persons ; but he said he knew nothing about her. On the Tuesday.following, his mistress s a id,. I telling me what has become of the insist on your irl." He then said, "If I mus t tell y ou, she went to Brown _Willy to CaitlS Spea r s h . ous e last Sunday, and was going to Blissland the fo ll ow i ng() n d ay, la.sri ay, as Mr. L e uxo n leevks had got an easier place fo r her." said to_Jolin. Stevens, another servant of Mrs. Peters, " Can feu lend me needle shirt ?" Stevens said, and thread to se w on a button to the collar of my. "How came your shirt torn ? It o is almost a n e w one." He said it was bad sewing. aSatiir day, Weeks met 'a - man named B ethson, .who asked • him what he had done with the g ir l, ,Weeks said, "I - don't know where she is gone, but if -she is found murdered, they will take up her mother for it,t •-• for she sa id s h e w ould kill her if she came home, • again." On the Sunday it was suspected that he had ' . toordered the girl, and Mrs. Peters sent Stevens and her son to search the moors. They went to the laoorti, and traced her patten marki_ for some time, shortly lost them. On their return to Mrs. Peters, they found 'Weeks had put on his best clothes, and, run away. As be was leaving, Mrs. Peters said " , Mathew, how have you got your trousers in that mess ? You have brushed them so much that the 'cloth is almost through." He said it was very dirty last Sunday. She begged him to come b ac k to dinner, and he said he woud, but he has not been heard , "o` it On the following day,, several people ' *gm search for the deceased, and, on-goin g 0 91 , m, a THE SUN, LONDON, WEDNESDAY EVENING, MAY 1, 1844. small bank, they discovered fs,woman's foot•marki op posite those of a man's, but quite close, as if they hail had a struggle. About half a gun-shot from this bank they discovered the body, of the poor-girl ying on her back, with her throat cut. The wound wa eight inches in length, and about 2} inches in dept!i Mr. Good, the surgeon, who made the post in tern exami nation, said it was impossible she cou have done it herself, as it was. done with au.: force, that —separated ,the Nines of the neck. When she left home, she hid on a bonnet and red shavel,-but neither of them have as yet been'fottnd, nor have her shoes or pattens. When Weeks went away, Mrs. Peters went into his _room, .and found his shirt - Under the' bed, with the collar and all the plaits in front :torn off. ~ Mrs. Fibers examined the shirt the day-before the Sunday he put it on'; it then wanted no repair, but was a particularly strong one, and almost new. There were also several spots of blood on the sleeve. The jury, without a motent's hesitation; returned a verdict of Wilful Murder against Matthew Weeks, who was apprehended on Wednesday afternoon, on the Hoe, at Plymouth, and immediately removed to Camelford.— Falmouth Packet. MARKET INTELLIGENCE. (From the London New Price Current of April 30.) SUGAR-Prices have been sustained for West India Sugar, but the market on Wednesday and Thursday was in a tran quil state : on Friday, however, there was a better demand for all descriptions, and merchants displayed firmness. To-day increased activity was produced in the Colonial Sugar market in consequence of the Chancellor of the Exchequer stating that the only alteration in the duties will be on Foreign Sugar, the produce of free labour, that not to come into operation until November next. and giving to West India, Bengal, and Madras Sugar a protection of lOs per cwt. For British Plantation the rates, paid were 6d to is per cwt above those of Friday. REFINED.-The grocers have purchased Refined goods largely, paying higher rates ; the supply has become small, and Refiners are unwilling to enter into contracts for forward delivery. To-day numerous parcels of refined goods were taken by the home trade at advanced rates ; standard Lumps fetched 80s 6d to 81s, brown Lumps 79s to 80s .per cwt. In Bastards and Pieces large sales made at rather higher rates. Bonded Crushed Sugar is wanted and is not to be purchased under 25s 9d per cwt. MAuarrivs.-The demand has been good, and previous rates are sustained. At auction 310 bags were disposed of ; ' mid yellow at 61s 6d to 625, and low 61s to 61s 6d per cwt. EAST INDIA.-The grocers have been ready purchasers of Bengal Sugar paying fully former rates. To-day Bengal met with attention, and 1,600 bags at public sale sold at full rate ; fine white at 68s Gd, good 66s to 675, mid 648 6d, yellowfils 6d to 623 6d, strong 63s to 63s 6d, damp and washed 61s to 67s per cwt. There was a good deal of inquiry privately for all descriptions of Foreign East India Sugar, but the advanced rates asked prevented business of moment ; the present prices are 19s to 22s for Manilla, and 20s to 25s per cwt for Java. FOREIGN.-White Havannah has been in good demand, and very full rates are paid. To-day there was a flatness in the market for Brazil, Havannah and Porto Rico Sugar, in consequence of no reduction in the duty being proposed, but holders were not inclined to take lower rates. MorAssEs.-The demand for West India has been good, and former rates are sustained. Bengal at 17s to 17s 6d, and low and middling 15s to 16s 6d per cwt. Prices are for West India 2s to 3s per cwt lower than they were last year at this period. TEA.-Since Tuesday last the demand has been brisk for Tea. Congou at is Old to is ld for common, is lid to is 2d for good common; Twankay, ordinary at is 2id to is 3d; Hyson, common and good common 2s 2d to 2s 8d ; and Pou chong, low' to good 5d to 10d per lb. The total sales since this day week are 6,000 packages. To-day there was less demand for Tea ; but holders were not generally inclined to take lower rates. The falling off in the demand is to be attri buted to there being no alteration in the duty. Cocoa.-Prices have given way is per cwt for West. India. Trinidad middling red at 49s to 508, ordinary dark red 47s to 48s Gd, middling grey 47s to 47s 6d, low 44s to 465, damaged 30s to 45s ; Grenada middling sound 475, low 42s to 455, and sea damaged 30s to 42s per cwt. Foreign Cocoa is held for previous rates, but little business has been transacted privately. COFFEE.-The small parcels of West India sold privately have been rather under previous rates; at auction 120 brls and bags unclean Demerara were taken in at 70s for fine fine ord, and fine ord 65s per cwt. This afternoon a brisk demand sprung up for Mocha Coffee, and prices advanced conside rably, middling yellow fetching 78s to 80s per cwt by private contract. The demand for Foreign and Foreign East India Coffee has considerably increased, and higher rates given ; Sumatra 28s to 295, Padang 31a to 345, Singapore Java 36s to 425. Company's 50s to 545. Rio ordinary to good ordinary 319 to 355, and St. Domingo 32s to 34s per cwt; these prices are 3s to 4s above those of last week, but for all sorts of Coffee at the 4d per lb duty, the market has a dull appearance, and prices are drooping ; few parcels have been disposed of privately ; 56s to 57s is the va lue of good ordinary Ceylon. At auction only 17G barrels Rio and 91 bags of Havannah were offered: the former sold at high rates ; very fine coloury mountain berry 85s to 90s 6d, middling and low middling 62a Gd to 745, fine ordinary dingy 53s to 565; the latter was taken in at 53s per cwt for fine ordinary. SPICES.-Cassia. Lignea has been taken sparingly by pri vate contract, and in some cases the rates accepted are rather under those of this day • week. This afternoon Nutmegs were wanted, and 10 chests at public sale sold at full rates : good bold. brown Singapore 'at 3s Bd, middling 3s 2d to 3s 44 ; low middling 3s to 3s Id. Of Mace 7 chests were sold at 3s 2d for middling, and 2s lid to 3s for low middling. East India Ginger was sought after, and 1,242 pockets Bengal at auction sold at 18s to 18s 6d, for ordinary rather small, being higher. IIVM, BRANDY, AND HOLLANDS.-Prices are maintained for Jamaica Rum, and good and fine qualities are much wanted ; 3s 10d paid for 40 puns good quality, high flavour, 33 per cult overproof, but common and middling sorts have been taken sparingly at 3s&l to 3s 8d per gallon. Leewards firm ;2s 2d paid for-140 puns proof strength ; Demerara at 3s Id to 3s 5d per gallon for strong descriptions, Calcutta at Is 10d per gallon proof strength, but holders will not sell under Is 11d. For Brandy prices are firm, and rule as fol lows :-Cognac, best brands of the vintage of 1838, hhds 5s lOds, puns 5s 84; ditto 1839, hlids 5s Bd, puns 5s 6d; ditto 1840, hhds 5s 6d, puns 5s 4d; ditto 1841, hhds 5s 54, puns 53 3d; ditto 1842, hhds 5s 44, puns 5s 2d; mid quali ties of various marks 3s 5d to 4s 6d, low 2s 10d to 3s 44, and Spanish Brandy 2s 94 to 2s 10d per gallon. Geneva dull of sale,. shipping sort at is 84 to is 9d, fine fit for duty 2s 24 to 3s. English Corn Spirit at lOs 2d per gallon, cash. To-day for Brandy there were sellers at Id per gallon under the rates quoted above. West India Rum attracted more at tention ; Jamaica, 28 to 30 over proof, 3s 44 to 3s 6d, 35 over 3s 9d to 3s 104, fine 4s Gd to 4s lid; Demerara, 28 to 30 over 2s 10d to 3s, 33 to 35 over 33 4d ; proof Leewards 2s 2d. Rim-Bengal Rice, low white at 10s to lOs 3d, middling lOs 6d, for good lls per cwt ; Java is dull of sale at 8s Gd to lls, and Madras at 8s to 9s per cwt. Cleaned Rice at 13s to 17s for Patna, and 2ls to 26s per cwt. This afternoon, Ben • gal Rice, good middling white fetched 10s 6d to lis per cwt. SAGO.-Pearl Sago, common at 123 6d to 13s Gd, middling 14s to 15a, good 16s to 19e, and-fine 20s to 25s per cwt. This Afternoon, Pearl Sago sold at 17s Gd to 18s, for middling small brown Pearl being higher. INDIGO.-Since the conclusion of the quarterly sale the market has exhibited a firm appearance for East India Indigo. From shippers the demand has been brisk for Bqpgal, and the advanced rates previously established fully suppbrted. Span ish wanted, and higher rates offered. OILS.-30s to 40s per tun for Southern oil. Fine pale at 291 to 304 good 28/ to 281 15s, middling 271 to 271 10s, one lot 26/ 10s per tun. Seal, pale at 33/ lOs to 34/. Cod, 34/. Sperm, fine British at 75/ to 76/, and inferior 72/ to 74/. HeaCimatter, 80/ to 80/ 10s per tun. Linseed Oil at 26s 64 to 27s per cwt ; Rape Oil pale at 39s Gd to 40s, and brown 38s to 38s 6d per cwt. Olive Oil Galli poli at 52/ lOs t 053/, Sicily • s24 Spanish 51/ to 51110 s, and Barbary 50/ to 50/10s per tun. Cocoa Nut Oil 298 to 31s Gd common to fine. Palm 24s to 28s per cwt. • TALLOW.-South American in casks at 33s 3d to 39s 90, boxes 368 64 to 395, very low soft dark in barrels 20s to 20s 3d ; North American fetched 38s to 393. East India 38s 94 to 395, and New SoUth Wales 408 24 to 40s 6d per cwt. Russian Tallow has been taken sparingly on the spot; 40s to 41s is the value of P. Y. Candle here ; and 428 to 42s 3d per cwt for the last three months of the year. Town Tallow is 40s to 408 6d per cwt nett cash. COURSE OF EXCH.A:I Amsterdam CF. 12 5 • Ditto, at sight l2 3 Rotterdam Antwerp Ilumburgh M.B. 13 15 _Altona • 13 15 Faris, 3 days' sight 25 70 Ditto, 3 mouths 25 90 Marseilles BOurdea Luc 25 95 Frankfort on Maine -122 Petersburgh, 3Us GE.—(YESTERDAY.) Gibraltar , . Legkorn 3O 55 Genoa • 25 90 Milan Venial ........ .. 47 Nap1e5........ ...... . Palarmo, per oz ll7 Lisbon 534 Oporto s3} Rio Janeiro 23 Bahia 23 Buenos Ayres NewYork,2ldys sight Philadelphia PRICES OF BC WON, PER OZ. Foreign Gold, bars. £3 17 9 Portugal Gold Coin 3 17 5 New Doubloons..... 0 0 0 New Dollars 0 4 Silver in Bars 0 4 11i Berlin , . , 7 Vienna, effee. g. 3 M 9 55: Trieste, ditto Madrid 364 Cadiz YAlbao 36 Barcelona 36 Sevillo • CONDITION or rim Poon.—Mr. Corney,- the De puty of Broad-street Ward, will bring - forward the fol lowing motion or. the next day of meeting of the Court of Common Council :—" That it be referred to the Par liaMeutary ComMittee-to consider. the propriety of .peti tiOning Parliament for on Act to,bet ter the moral and physical condition of the vagrant population . of this me tropolis, and report • their" opinion • forthwith . to this CourC The discussion which was commenced at the last Court wilt; it is believed; be one of much interest. THE " PROTECTED".P.RASANTRY.."-011e - of the . first 'nets of the President of the Northumberland Agricultute Protection Society, was the: reduction' of the wages of his labOUrers 2s. per week. *The serfs "struck," but were obliged to succumb. Certain "compulsory" friends to the corn-laws, in the vicinity of Alnwick slily in sinuate that , the "bold peasantry" have suffered this re duction owing to Peel's late declaration, namely,,that he had Made no promise to abandon the income-tax at the expiration of three years."—correspondent of Grteskead Observer. _ . TUB LATE MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT AT THE ROYAL HOTEL, CLIFToN.--The gentleman of the name of lleathc o t e , who was stopping at the above hotel, and who, on Tuesday night, in a state of groat alarm, con sequent on a fire breaking out in his bedroom, jumped from the window into the street, and was greatly hurt, continued to linger at the infirmary, to which place he had been immediately conveyed, until Sunday morning, when he expired. From the first very faint hopes were entertained of his recovery, and indeed so dreadful were the injuries which he had sustained, that it was scarcely to be desired•that he should live, for had he done so, he vust have,been a maimed and di s fi gure d man fur the re \triainder of his days. The inquest on the body was held at the infirmary, on Monday afternoon, when the jury, after the examination of several witnesses, returned a verdict of " Accidental death." superb mansions at Albert Gate, on tie the work is nearly finished, and site of the old Cannon Brewery, are now nearly completed. on a scale of sump for the reception of bandingThe The tuotts magnificence to make them ready . two portion of preparations will shortly be commenced 'now a continuous corn Leicester. There isthe Marquis Of Abercorn m a n n n d ie t a h t e ie E n a e rl ve o r f their noble tenants, S the Grosvenor Pimlicol,raerwstaietke: throw ht George's squares, Belgrave, Eaton, Chester, Eccleston, i direct le Vauxhall-bridge. • 'Lwili e with liar. ahadef r an ne. interviewjoinarda anwaetasCtohaniernlauof yesterday,tlle aCtutshtoemosflice , Trade. IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. HOUSE OF LORDS, April 30. Their Lordships assembled at Five o'Clock. Lord Campbell, the .11azquis of Salisbury, and several other Noble Lords, presented petitions for and against the Dissenters' Chapels Bill. The Marquis of NORMANBY presented a petition complaining of a practice which had lately sprung up, of enlisting boys out of union workhouses without the consent of their parents. - The Duke of RICHMOND presented a petition from Sussex, complaining of the refusal by the Ecclesiastical Commissioners to renew Teases of property held of sup-- pressed prebendaries. The Noble - Duke, in supporting the prayer of the petitipners, complained of the hardship which this refusal had imposed both on the large land owners, and the small farmers in the country. Lord IVIIARNCLIF.O said the object of this Bill was to have the Church property made available to Church purposes. The chief complaint which his Nolle Friend had made was, that although the Commis sioners might grant leases for a stated number of years, yet that they could not give reversionary leases. He (Lord Wharncliffe) could not see how the Noble Duke was jus tified in finding fault with the Commissioners for making the most of the property consigned to their care. He could assure his Noble Friend that in every case where a tenant in possession sought a reversionary in terest he invariably got the preference. The Duke of RICHMOND said the question he wished to put to the Noble Lord was, how a person could be expected to expend 10,0001. on a property in which he had no reversionary interest ? The Bishop of LONDON thought that the Ecclesias tical Commissioners would be guilty of unfairness, if they did not try and make the most of the property over which they were appointed as agents. Why, if their Lordships would recollect, they would see that in cases where the Crown lands were to be let, the Noble Lord opposite refused, in his capacity at the head of the Woods and Forests, to grant any new leases, and therefore he (the Bishop of London) thought that the Ecclesiastical Commissioners were fully justified in adopting the same course as that which the Crown took. The Marquis of CLANRICARDE characterised the conduct of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners as unjust and arbitrary, and expressed his opinion to the effect that if such conduct had for a moment been anticipated at the time of the appointment of the Commission, that Commission never would have been appointed. He hoped the Noble Duke, on an early occasion, would bring this subject forward in a more tangible shape than hehad done that evening. After a few words from the Earl of BESBOROUGH and the Marquis of CLANRICARDE, The Bishop of LONDON said he ought to state in the name of the Commissioners, that every proposal made to them for the renewal of leases would meet with ample consideration by them. The Bishop of EXETER said he had opposed the ap pointment ofthe Ecclesiastical Commissioners from the first, but that Cemmission having been appointed, it was their duty to obtain as much money from the Church property as they could, in order to provide for the reli gious instruction of the people. He did not rise from any personal feelings, but merely because, as a member of that. Commission, he was deeply impressed with the importance of the subject. The Marquis of NORMANBY gave notice, that, on Thursday next, he should present a petition from a number of artisans in Edinburgh, praying for the adop tion of sanitary regulations in large towns. The Duke of RICHMOND gave notice that on Thurs day next he should move for certain returns with re spect to the importation of foreign wool. The Marquis of LONDONDERRY, after presenting a petition from the north of Ireland, praying for the le galization of Presbyterian marriages, asked whether it was the intention of her Majesty's Government to make any grant for the improvement of the harbours of Do naghadee and Portpatrick. The Earl of HADDINGTON said the report of the engineers sent down to examine the ports, induced her Majesty's Government not to make any grant for, the purposes alluded to by the Noble Lord. The Forestalling (Ireland) Bill was read a second time, and ordered to be committed on Friday.. DEBTORS AND CREDITORS BILL. Lend COTTENHAM, in moving the second reading of the Debtors and Creditors Bill, said that he felt confident he should be able to show to their Lordships, from undoubted authority, that the law, as it stood now with respect to the imprisonment for debt, was perfectly useless and futile. In support of that, he could adduce the- report of the year 1832, which report was signed by some of the most eminent men in the legal profession, amongst whom was Sir Frederick Pollock, now Chief Baron 'of the Exchequer, and Mr. Justice Wightman. He called upon their Lordships to remove a grievance the existence of which no one doubted. In the month of March last no less than four hundred and twelve per sons passed through the insolvent Court; and if their Lordships took that number as the monthly average, nearly five thousand persons annually passed through the Insolvent Court. Their Lordships would therefore see' how extensive was the evil which he was then soliciting Parliament to abolish. The Noble and Learned Lord then proceeded to describe the various Insolvent Acts . which have been passed since the time of Queen Anne. The first Insolvent Act on the statute-book was that of Queen Anne, which their Lordships upon examination would find to be very rude in its character. It provided that any person could get rid of his debts by means of enlisting into the army.—(A laugh.) This law was in the statute-book, and, he had no doubt, was in force at the present time ; but he apprehended that her Majesty's army now-a-days was not very often recruited by means of the Insolvent Act. He then came to' what was called the Lords' Act, which provided that unless a man gave up the whole of his goods on becoming insolvent, he should be subject to transportation for seven years. This was found to be harsh, and another Act was passed, which was called Lord Redesdale's Act ; but a man could not avail him self of that Act until he had been in prison for three months. This Act was found to be unsatisfactory, and it was consequently repealed; and the Act at pre sent in existence came into operation. By this Act, a man might apply to the court for his discharge the day after ho was conveyed to prison. But by 4he reports to which he had 'referred, it would an-- pear that, generally speaking, a man could not ob tain his discharge, even under the most favour able circumstances, under two months. .The Noble and Learned Lard then referred to the Act which passed in the year 1836, abolishing imprisonment of debt on mesne process. This he had always looked upon as a most important Act, although he recollected that at the time it was paised considerable alarm was felt amongst the commercial community. Since it had come into operation, there had been no petitions against it, and he had not heard that credit had been impaired by it. He did not, however, think that this Act had had fair play, inasmuch as now, instead of arresting a debtor on mesne process, the creditor obtained judgment against his debtor, and took him in execution. The Noble Lord then referred to the report of the exa mination 'of certain witnesses, who were exa mined two years ago with respect to this subjeCt. The amount of the cost expended ill one year by in solvent debtors_vvas . B6,97o/., , being an average of 151. for each person who got his discharge. He thought that there was com l iderable hardship in the distinction bet Ween bankrUpts and insolvents, by which the latter were doomed io inieispninent and subject to subsequent contingencies.. Alter thei r Lordships consid e r e d t h e . high authority `Which'had been adduced on this subject,' he trusted their Lord,hips would give their sanction to a measure which would have the effect of abolishing iM prisonment, which tended to injure commercial credit as well as inflicting' many social evils. The LORD CHANCELLOR said that he thought nothing could be more inconsistent than the law as it now stood, namely, that there should be a distinction between its application to the cases or insolvents and bankrupts. The unfortunate insolvent, after he had given up all his property and passed through the court, when he began the world again had all his debts still hanging over him, and it certainly required more energy than fell to the lot of ordinary men to exert their talents,. ingenuity;er 'industry, when they knew the result would be for the benefit of others. In conclusion, he should express. his 'concurrence in the Bill of hiS Noble an Learned Friend, but he hoped that he would defer it for a' short tithe, in order that a measure of such im portance might receive the consideration it deserved. _ Lord BROUGHAM hoped that some penalty might be imposed in way of misdemeanour upon those who were guilty or fraud towards their creditors, or of frau dulently transferring their property to others, or of giving bills of sale. Such were the provisions of the bankruptcy laws of almost all the commercial states of Europe, and he hoped they would be adopted in this country. The - Duke of RICHMOND perfectly agreed in what had fallen from his Noble and Learned Friend, who had jut sat down; as to the propriety of having some penal enactment, as applicable to those who ' were guilty of fraud towards their creditors. Lord DENMAN said he concurred in the Bill intro duced by his Noble and Learned Friend (Lord Cotten ham) which he hoped would be so dealt with as to enable their Lordships to gain every information respecting it. He hoped sincerely this Bill would be carried into effect. With respect to the provision suggested by „his Noble and Learned Friend near hint (Lord Brougham), con cerning persons in the last stage of insolvency, obtaining goods by false reprtsentations from others, he could only say, that that .was amply provided for by the criminal code at present ; for a case of this kind had lately' come before him in his judicial capacity, where the offender was convicted of felony, as having obtained the goods under false pretences. He thought the subject of bills of sale was one which deserved the deepest consideration froth the Legislature, for it was not at all unlikely that, in many instances, persons exchanged these instruments with each other ; but still he would be rather jealous of adopting precipitately any measure which would make the execution of such a deed a -. felony. There was another point to which he would briefly allude, and that was where persons allowed others the use of their pro perty, and in consequence that those persons got in debt. He thought that it Would be only justice if such property was to be considered to belong to the assignees. After afew words from Lord COTTENHAM in reply, and from the LORD CHANCELLOR, The Bill was read a second time, and ordered to be committed on this day fortnight. Their Lordships then adjourned. The HOUSE to o o F k t C he o c M h M air O a N t t S h , e B ASINGSTOKE AND NEWBURY RAILWAY. j u p su r a il l h 3o o . ur. On the motion for the further consideration of the re port on the Basingstoke and Newbury Railway,. Mr. C. RUSSELL rose for the purpose of proposing that the consideration of the report be postponed till the next session of Parliament. He did this on the ground that the line of railway which had been pro posed to the town of NeWbury from the Great Western Railway, was notonly shorter than , the line which was at present before the House, but would coat in its con struction much less. The line from Basingstoke to New bury was to be a single line, while the one from Bead ing to Newbury was proposed to be double. The cost of the former would be 200,000/., while the cost of the latter would be only 150,0001. With respect to distance, .the Basingstoke and Newbury line was 10 per cent. longer than the other line, and with respect to cheap ness for passengers, 20 per cent. Under these circum stances, he should propose that this report be further considered that day six months. Mr. LABOUCHERE considered that no Honourable Gentleman would be willing to serve upon. a Commit tee if their decision were • to be brought before the House and subjected to a revisal. Mr. Ord, the Member for Newcastle ; Mr. Evans, the Member for Derbyshire ; Mr. Beckwith, the MeMber for Leeds ; Mr. Colquhoun and Mr. Pakington were the five gentlemen who constituted • that Committee and he here asserted that these. gentlemen were alone influenced in their decison by the evidence that came before them. Those were the grounds upon which he, as a member of that Committee, was induced to give his vote; and he hoped the House, if a decison were called for, would confirm that vote. He hoped the House would reject . the proposal of the Honourable Member for Reading, who himself could not be fairly said to be an unbiassed party in the affair, inasmuch as he was the Chairman of the Great Western Railway. Mr. PAKINGTON hoped the House would not look upon this as a matter of private business, but that they would attend to a few observations which he found him self bound as a Member of that Committee to offer. From the time when the Committee framed their report a great dissatisfaction had be( n expressed by many persons connected with the Great Western Rail way; and the Committee had a right to complain of the manner in which those objections were made. He, for one, never heard of any intention of revising the deci sion of that Committee up to the present moment. The Hon. Member for Reading had stated that he was in possession of certain evidence which would show that local interests prevailed on the Committee, and he (Mr. Pah ington) would appeal to any of the four gentlemen who sat upon that Committee along with him, whether he was not perfectly justified in saying that he denied, in the strongest terms which the usages of that House allowed, the truth of that assertion. The Committee sat for seven days, and so anxious were they to come to a right conclusion, that they called what might even be termed superfluous evidence. He would ask the House to re flect fairly upon the relative positions in which the Honourable Member for Reading and the Committee we re pl aced. The Hon. Member for Reading was the Chair man of the Great Western Railway, while every Mem ber who composed that Committee could not possibly have any ulterior object in view, but must alone have been influenced in their decisions by the evidence which was laid before them. With respect to the proposed line to Newbury, and that of Woolhampton, the Com mittee, in deciding in favour of the latter, were influenced by a conviction that the latter would tend more generally to the public convenience. He had not mentioned what he was sure would have great weight with the House, namely, that on every decision to which the Committee had come, they had been unanimous. But he would ask the House whether the rule was to be to put Committees upon their trial in that House after they had zealously and conscientiously done their duty—(Hear. hear)—and that for the satisfaction of parties avowedly interested in opposing their decisions ?—(Hear, hear.) Mr. HAYTER said he must be allowed to ex press his dissent from the proposition that a reversal by that House of the decision of a Committee was to be looked upon as condemnatory of that Com mittee.—(Hear, hear.) If Hon. Members were to sit in that House merely to enrol the decisions of Committees, all that he could say was that their duties would become a mere farce. In his opinion they were there to discuss the propriety of the decisions which their Committees arrived at, for that House sat as a court of appeal. Looking at the reasons of the Committee, he was in capable of coming to the conclusion to which they had come; although he was aware the communication could be made easier from Newbury to Reading than from Newbury to Basingstoke, yet be could not consent to the conclusion come to, and must vote against the measure. Mr. GLADSTONE thought the House would agree to this, that in approaching the decision now in ques tion, they should look with confidence on the proceedings of the Committee—that was the great ingredient in the case, although not the only one. Now he thought, as far as confidence in a Committee could proceed in any case, the present Committee had claims to the highest degree of confidence. He was glad that the Chairman of the Committee had stated briefly an outline of the course on which the Committee had proceeded. They had not come to their decision without full examination of the evidence and arguments that had been adduced. It appeared to him, from all he had heard of the case, the Committee had done their duty with the greatest care and fidelity. They had given full consideration to local interests, and they had pro • ceeded very 'much upon the consideratiOn not only of ac commodating the local traffic of Newbury, but upon the , reneral principle on 'which railways should be founded. The House should recollect that these questions re lating to railways had of late much, changed their character, and were becoming every year more difficult, and getting beyond the capacity of a Committee to deal with them, as those Committees were usually cpn stituted. They were increasing in complexity every year. It had become necessary, in considering them, to calculate on distant contingencies. Projects which at first might appear to be of a local nature might become of national importance, and they would be in a dismal condition if in a case like this, in which the greatest care had been exercised by the Committee of Selection in the choice which they had made, and in which the COrn mittee had exercised the greatest circumspection in the of their duty, the result should be the sum mary reversal by the House of the important verdict of that Committee. ..—. Mr. HAWES, in reply to the observation of the Right Hon. Gentleman, that the House came to this discussion under great disadvantages, inasmuch as they had not before them the evidence taken before the Committee, would remark that such must always be the case unless, in, every instance, the evidence were printed, and time were given to Members to peruseit before entering en the general discussion —a course of proceeding which would scarcely meet with the approbation of th e Ri g ht H on . Gentleman. When the report of a Committee was laid on r th iseth the table, was perfectly competent f or t h e House to a question whether or not the decision of the Committee was a sound one ; and, differing as be did from the Committee, he should support the motion of the Honourable Member for Reading. The Committee had rejected the most direct line, and a double line instead of a single line, the cheapest line instead of the dearest one. He thought it best to defer the consideration of the Bill until the whole 'of the lines of communication intended to be embraced in that wide field of consideration which the Right Min. Gentleman had thrown out before them, were fully before the House. Without meaning to cast any aspersion on the decision of the Committee, he must say that if the House adopted that decision they would impose on the public an inferior and dearer line. Mr. AGLIONBY said that he should give his vote in favour of the decision of the Committed, but on grounds entirely different from those put forward by the Right Hou. Gentleman opposite, and by the Right Hon. Gen tleman the Member for Wells. lie would not enter into any details. He agreed with the Hon. Gentl eman oppo site, that the House was to be, to a certain extent, the judges of the merits of a line, but to the least possible extent. Ile voted for the decision of the Committee on this ground, that it was the duty of the House to sup port the great principle that Committees ought to be free from all local and private interests. They had to a certain extent got rid of the burthen which existed for many years of Committees being influenced by local interest, and their decisions never gave satisfaction to anybody. He thought that a new system should he Committees more of a t judicial established, char vi a • c h t i e c r h . w il o e ul d hoped giv o see this principle e ex tended to other classes of railways. The best possible tribunals should always be obtained. All matters were discussed with harmony and unanimity before independent Committees. They were now about to set aside the decision, because some gentlemen said that better evidence might be laid before it, or that a better judgment might be formed upon the efi dence. He denied that it was a good principle to set aside the decision of the' Committee on that account. The party impugning the decision of the Committee must do so by laying strong grounds, by showing that there was either gross injustice: or flagrant want of judg ment by the Committee. There was no evidence to in duce him to alter the decision of the Committee. The Committee was the best judge which of the two lines were best, and on this ground it was most dangerous for the House to interfere with their decision. Mr. W. EV ANS said there had been no such hurry in the Committee as that which had been attributed to it, for they had been willing to sit as long as the proper performance of their duty required. He would not deny that the other line was somewhat better as a London one, but the Committee looked to the best line for all; and, therefore, they determined upon that which joined Newbury to the cook as well as London, and gave ad vantages to the entire district. They refused no evi dence that was offered, and they had given an unani mous decision, which he trusted the House would confirm.. Lord HOWICK said, were he to exercise his own judgment upon the present question, he certainly should come to a different conclusion than that which the Com mittee had arrived ; but he was so persuaded that if they did not support the authority of their Committees, such immense harm would arise, that he should fel it his duty to support their decision in this case.—(Laughter.) He thought the interests of the companies were of minor importance. The interest of the public was to be con sidered, and he thought it would be for the interest of the public that both lines should go forward. Mr. COLQUIIOUN wished that, consistently with his sense of duty, he could have voted for both lines, but when he found that there would not be traffic enough to support both lines. That there was the strongest desire evinced on the part of those connected with the trade of the district that the Basingstoke line should be completed, a desire evinced not only by expres sions but the coming forward with the subscriptions; and when he found that there existed the greatest apathy among them with regard to the other line, which, more over, was opposed by the greater part of the landowners of the district, he felt that he had no choice, and was reluctantly compelled to exclude the Great Western line. Sir R. PEEL had not known, anything of the subject before he entered the House ; but he wished the Com mittee, composed as it was of gentlemen having no local interest on the subject, had been unanimous in the deci sion to which they had come. If that were the case, it would be very dangerous if the House were to reverse the decision of the Committee. Mr: ORD said that the Committee had been unanimous in their decision. Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and the , House divided The numbers were— For the motion Against it Majority Immediately Upon the re-opening of the gallery, strangers were again ordered to withdraw, but no divi sion took place, and on our re-admission we understood that the Report was received. CHESTER AND HOLYHEAD RAILWAY. Mr. GLADSTONE in moving, pursuant to notice that he had given, that Sir George Clerk be added to the Committee on the Chester and Holyhead Railway Bill, took occasion-to-explain, as the appointment of a Member holding office to a Committee was rather, of rare occurrence, that it was necessary to have certain public interests_ ,represented on -the Committee for the - adjustment of certain points connected with the Bill ; and hence he proposed the - ad dition of Sir - George Clerk to the Committee. He regretted that he was obliged to make this" motion later than usual, but at the same time he believed no in convenience would arise, because his Hon. Friend, if appointed by the House, would not interfere in the ge neral discussion as to the course of the railroad, but would confine himself to stating the views of Mr. Walker. On the question being put, Captain MANGLES said that he believed it was most unusual and contrary to the rule upon which Commit tees were constituted, to make such an appointment at such a period. He understood it was probable the Com mittee would come to a decision that afternoon, but if the Hon. Gentleman was appointed, the Committee would be obliged to sit for a longer, period, and the expenses would be thereby increased. The Committee would give as much consideration to any representation on the part of the Government, without the Hon. Gen tlemen, as they would if he were present. Sir R. PEEL said they were now going to establish one of the most important lines of railway in the coun try, by which Dublin would be brought within four teen or fifteen hours of the metropolis. The Go vernment had already been at great expense in re ference to this line—they had sent naval officers to report upon the nature of the coast and har bour, and engineers of the highest eminence to report upon the line. A report had been made which was of very considerable value and importance. If the line was to be establisbed, and if it was to have the con currence of the Government, and to be followed by an expenditure of two, or three, or four hundred thousand pounds for the purpose of making Holyhead a perfectly safe harbour, he (Sir R. Peel) did feel that the public had such an interest in it as to justify the Government in desiring to be represented in the Committee upon the Bill. But he would ask, had Mr. Walker, one of the gentlemen em ployed by the Government, been examined by the Committee ? (Captain Mangles was understood to say "No.") Then he must say the Government were most anxious that he should be examined. So important did he consider this proposed railway to the public that he felt the Government should have a representative in the Committee on this Bill. Mr. LABOUCHERE fully agreed with the Right Hon. Baronet (Sir Robert Peel), that it was of the greatest consequence that in Committees, where the public interests were directly involved, the Government should have a representative. He recollected, that when the Liverpool Docks Bill was in Committee, he had felt it his duty, as President of the Board of Trade, to apply to the Committee of Selection to be allowed to have a member of the Government upon that Committee. And the Right Honourable Gentleman should, in the present instance, have applied at the proper time to the Committee of Selection and not to that House. He doubted whether the House had the power to appoint a Member. to the Committee, ar,d that if one were appointed as a representative of the Government, he should have the power to vote. , On this point, the Speaker would, perhaps, assist them w ith his opinion. The SPEAKER (as we understood) stated - that apprehended the Right Hon. Baronet could not - vote M. the Committee without signing the declaration. Mr. MARSHALL wished t o k now f rom the Presi dent of the Board of Trade the reason for proposing' the Right Hon. Baronet at the present time ? Sir R. PEEL made a few observations that were; in audible in the gallery. • Capt. MANGLES said if there would be no expenSive . delay in the addition of Sir George Clerk, he should not object to the appointment. Mr. HUME thought they ought to be obliged to the Government for proposing the Right Hon. Baronet. Mr. F. SHAW considered that it was very important for the interests of Ireland that the Right Hon. Gentle man should be on the Committee. Mr. FRENCH considered that the railroad could never be constructed unless they obtained the assistance of the Government ; and, therefore, he thought it most important that the Right Hon. Gentleman should be on the Committee. The motion was then agreed to. Mr. GLADSTONE moved that Mr. Walker's Report be referred to the Committee.—Agreed to. NOTTINGHAM IMPROVEMENT BILLS. On the motion of Mr. T. DUNCOMBE, the Notting ham (West Croft Canal) Improvement Bill, and the West Croft Nottingham Inclosure Bill, were respectively read a second time. V ENTNOR IMPROVEMENT BILL. The Ventnor Improvement Bill was read a second time. MESSAGE Filoll THE LORDS. Messengers from the Lords brought down certain Bills. NOTICES OF;MOTION.—DETACHED PARTS OF COUNTIES BILL. Mr. COLVILE gave notice that in Committee on the detached parts of Counties Bill, he should propo , e certain amendments. DUCHY OF CORNWALL. __Sir lI—PEEL_ gave notice that, this day fortnight, he would move for leave to bring in a Bill for defining and regulating the rights of the Duchy of Cornwall. IMPORT . DUTIES. Mr. COBDEN postponed to this day week, the motion of which be had given notice for this evening, on the subject of the Import Duties. THE FRANCHISE. Mr. SHARMAN _CRAWFORD gave notice that he would on Tuesday, the 14th of May, propose a measure for the extension of the franchise. WELSH TOLLS. • Colonel WOOD postponed to Wednesday, May 15, the motion of which he had given notice on the subject of tolls on lime in Waifs. Captain PECHELL wished to know from the Right Hon. Gentleman, the Cancellor of the Exchequer whe ther any additional facility had been afforded to those persons, whose income being under 1501., had been taxed for the income tax, to enable them to get back the sums deducted from their small incomes. _ _ •- The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that the greatest care had been taken to expedite the returning of their money to those parties. Where delay had occurred it arose from the parties themselves not coming forward. If the Hon. Gentleman could point out any case where unnecessary delay had occurred, he (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) should be happy to remedy it. JAVA SUGAR. _ . . Mr. D. BARCLAY wished to know from the Right Hon. Gentleman (the Chancellor of the Exchequer) whether it was his intention to admit Java sugar into this country upon the same favourable footing that the sugar of Manila and Siam was to be admitted? There was some doubt upon the point, in consequence of the high duties imposed on articles of Britiah ,industry in Java ; and it would be well to have the doubt cleared up before the departure of the Overland Mail. The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said that he would take an early opportunity of bringing the subject of the sugar duties before the House, and he would then explain fully what were his intentions. SHIPWRECKS COMMITTEE. •• Lord INGESTRE wished to know from the Right Hon. Gentleman (the Secretary to the Admiralty) when he would bring in a Bill founded on the report of the Shipwrecks Com mittee; and also whether there was any intention of making a provision for the periodical inspection of masters of ships and masters' mates ? . _ Mr. S. HERBERT said that with regard to the subject of the examination of masters of ships and masters' mates, it was under consideration; and with regard to the other subject, it was the intention of the Admiralty to carry the recommenda tion of the Committee into effect. RECAL OF LORD ELLENBOROUGH. Lord JOCELYN, seeing the Hon. Member for Beverley in his place, wished :to know whether he was prepared, on the part of the Directors of the East India House, to lay any papers on the table of the House, with respect to the recal of the Governor. General of Indial?—( Cheers. ) Mr. HOGG said, that he was not the organ of the Court of Directors, and he had no authority to answer the ques tion,— (Hear, hear.) He had no objection however, as a mem ber. of that body, to s t ate hi s own op i n i on , an d h av i ng d one so , it would rest with the Ministers to determine, with reference to the public interest, as to the propriety of the production of papers in that House ; and as to the production of papers before the Court of Proprietors, the Court of Proprietors would be influenced by the course that Ministers should 'adopt. He would venture, however, to express a hope, that in conse quence of what had occurred in another place, that the House and the country would suspend their judgment upon the course the Court of Directors had pursued.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. ASTELL trusted that the House and the country would give the Court of Directors credit for having done their duty. He agreed with what had been stated by his lion. Friend.—( Hear, hear ) In consequence of what had occurred in another plaee, he trusted the House and the country would suspend their judgment.—( Hear, hear.) Mr. HUME wished to know whether there would be any objection to lay before the House a copy of the cor respondence which had tak en pl ace b e t ween th e G over nment and the Court of Directors on the subject. He thought the Court had acted rightly, and he did not see why parties that had done so should be blamed.—( Hear, hear.) Sir B. PEEL said that with respect to the period when the correspondence would be laid on the table he could give no in formation to the House. Mr. HUME wanted only to know whether the Government would lay the papers on the table or not? To this question no answer was returned. ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAYS. Lord H. VIVIAN begged to ask the Right Hon. Gentle. man, the Recorder of Dublin, whether it was his intention to introduce a Bill on the subject of atmospheric railways? Mr. SHAW said that there was now before Parliament a Bill which would afford an opportunity o f p uttin g the princi ple to the test of experiment, upon a line of twenty-one miles. RELIGIOUS TESTS IN UNIVERSITIES (SCOTLAND.) Mr. FOX MAULE rose, according to notice, to move for leave to bring in a Bill to alter the law relating to oaths taken by professors in the Universities of Scotland. The inconve nience occasioned by the present administration of oaths to professors was so great, that he thought he was justified in t once moving for leave to bring in a Bill, without any previous step. He wished that the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite would meet him at once upon the principle, instead of object ing to the form of his proceeding. It was not his intention to go into the whole question of university reform in Scotland, which would open too wide a field; but he would confine him self entirely to the subject of the Paths administered to those who hold offices in the universities. He would read to the House an extract from the Act of Sc. curity, which was passed in 1607, providing the test to be taken by those who should thereafter hold office in the Uni versities of Scotland. (The Right Hon. Gentleman here read the extract in question, by which it was provided that no pro fessor, principal, registrar, or other person holding office in any of the universities, colleges, or sehoals of Scotland, should be s permitted to exercise their functions, unless they should have first acknowledged i he Civil Government as established. and pro. fessed their belief in, and subscribed the Confession of Faith, and worshipped in the Church, and submitted to the government and the discipline thereof. Such were the provisions of the Act of Security, and it had been at the staceestion of the professors themselves for the time being, that all persons holding autho rity in the universities had been required to take this test. Now, however illiberal and narrow- m i n ded those opinions might appear at the present day, he could find an excuse for those who had enacted them. They were not directed against any body of Dissenters, as the law was understood in the pre sent day ; they were not directed against the Roman Catholics. The Scottish Universities were protected against them by the penal laws. They were intended to preserve the religious worship of the country. That Act of Security was confirmed by the Act of Union, such confirmation having been insisted on by the Scotch themselves. There were excuses to be made for their insisting on the re-enactment of the Act of Security. They reeollected the. persecutions which they, as Presbyterians, had suffered under Charles the First. They recollected their sufferings on account of th -ir religion in the time of Charles the Second and James the Second. They could not but re• member the 12000 Presbyterians who, in the latter persecu tions, had suffered death on account of their religion. All these things were fresh in their memoe ice at the time of the passing of the Act of Union, and when they were uniting themselves to a Legislature composed of a majority of a nat ion professing a faith which they had such reason to regard as hostile to theirs, they were right to take care to guard themselves against any attempt which might be made to subvert their rational religion. That was the only excuse that could be made for their insisting on the professors of their own universities and colleges taking these tests. How long this practice of administering the test had gone on in the University of Edinburgh he could not say, but there had not been for years to the lay professors any test administered. Principal Rene, in his evidence, said that in Edinburgh Uni ver ity he was not aware that any lay professor had been obliged to take the test. In the University of Aberdeen, since 1826, the tests had been strictly administered, but that previous to 1826 there had been a laxity respecting these tests. In the honorary offices of rector and dean no test had ever been ad ministered ; and, what cas still more singular, in the Uni versity of Aberdeen, the greater number of the lecturers who taught the pupils to the fullest extent were subjected to no test. The practice of administering this test had been in Aberdeen and in Edinburgh productive of no benefit whatever, and the absence of the test had been attended with no manner of in jury to the Established Church. If they looked to the nature of the test, and considered the character of the Scotch ministry. they would at once see there was no necessity what ever for its application. They were seminaries for instruction in literature, science, medicine, and the arts.—( Hear.) Little danger was to be apprehended to the Established Church from this mode of education. He did not contend that professors of divinity shonld be excluded from the test—it was from lay professors, he contended, and the administration of the test to them would give the Universities a sectarian character. He had hoped that this practice of ad ministering the test would gradually fall into oblivion, but the late unfortunate religious differences in Scotland had renewed the question in all its bitterness. One of the most distin guished men in the Scotch Universities had already refused to take the test, he l.ad been subjected to the grossest indignity by being thrust from his distinguished position by the Estab lished Church, and it was quite clear that if the tests must stand they must be universally and impartially administered to all as well as to one. What would be the consequence of such a step as this . ' Why, all would be subjected to a confession of • their faith, and the members of Glasgow, St. Andrew's, Aberdeen, and Edinburgh Unive rs iti es wo uld be called upon to sign the fbrinuk of the Church of Scotland, and either they must record themselves members of that Church, they must sacrifice their position, or abjure their conscientious opinions. But that was not the only thing. It would also restrict them hereafter to a most limited extent for their own basis. There was, at the present moment, a vacant chair in the University of Edinburgh, and the University and the public would be deprived of the services of no less a man than Mr. Farraday, because he would not subscribe to the rules of the Established Church.—( Hear.) Then, if they looked to those chairs which include the teaching of classics in the Scotch Universities, they all knew very well, that the Heliconian spring did not exist in Scotland, and were they to be refused the services of the distinguished members of other Universities, because they would not subscribe to the Confession of Faith of the Established Church of Scotland ? He next came to the honorary offices in the Universities. Great stress was laid on the necessity of their being tests for those offices, or at all events of the per sins appointed to them being subject to be called on to sub scribe to the Confession of Faith. He believed, however, that the, practice in all the Universities was never to require these tests in• any honorary appointment. The appointment of the . Right ,Hon. Gentleman opposite to the dignity of Lord Rector of the University of Glasgow was an instance in which no test Was required; and when he (Mr. Fox Maisie) was honoured with the samesaffice for one year, he did not subscribe to any test • The principle of the University of Glasgow was, that the test should remain in force even with regard to honorary °Tees, though it appeared the practice did not very well agree with the theory. Last year he made inquiries respecting the rules of the University, while passing through Glasgow, and the principal held him disqualified because he would not sub scribe the tests ; but the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite, when Lord Rector, presided at an election for a .professor of divinity, and it was in fact, by his casting vote, that the election had been decided in favour of Dr. Hill, though he had taken no oaths, and it was well.known was directly opposed to doing so.—( Hear.) lie did not think the House had ever had an easier or a clearer case to deal with. The majority of the professors in all the Scottish Universities were favourable to the Bill, and he beli6red; with the exception of some in stances, in the Universities of Edinburgh and o' Aberdeen, they had all expressed their opinion on the subject by ptitions to that House. It should be spoken to their credit, that they had had the liberality to banish the system of tests from among them for many years past, and he would call on the House to beware before they attempted to renew that system again. By doing so they would raise up rival institutions, from which professors favourable to the Established Church would be banished ; and not only that, but every individual educated in these institutions would be brought up in rivalry and hostility to the Established Church, whereas by being educated in the present Universities with members of that Church, such feel ings would never be created amongst them. Perhaps Members were not aware that the Established Church was at. present the church of the minority of the people of Scotland. In the year 1707 it was the religion of nearly the entire of that people, but the time was past when a Scotchman could boast of such being the case any longer. He did not make that assertion without having gone through some calculations. On looking into the report of the Church Education Committee, it appeared that the proportion was about a million of Church men to half a million of Dissenters, but since the disruption had taken place in the Church, he was not over the mark in stating that 400,000 individuals had left the Established Church. He would not ask the House to accede to his motion if he thought it would affect the stability of the Church. He did not want to lay any rude hands on her institutions, even though he differed from her doctrines, but, on the contrary, in submitting his motion to the House, he was convinced that the test system, if allowed to continue, would not only endanger the well-being of the University, but the permanence of the Church, by raising up the rival establishments to which he had before re ferred. Now, he begged to state that he had no objection in the Bill which he proposed to introduce for the purpose of relieving professors from these tests, should it be desired by Honourable Ger tlemen opposite to him, to introduce a sort of negative test. That was, he was willing to insert a clause requiring them to make a declaration that, in their c'asses and lectures they would not teach anything which might tend to the pre judice or lead to the subversion of the Established Church. He had no objection that professors should be re quired to do that, though he thought it was per. fectly useless, because he knew that in the arts and in the sciences the professors of the Universities of Scotland were men who attended to their own business, and never at tempted to go out of their way to bring in subjects with which their lectures had nothing to do. He should simply conclude by entreating the Right Hon. Gentleman opposite (Sir J. Graham) to weigh well the decision to which he ;you'd come. He also entreated the House not to seal with its approbation the revival of a system of tests which, perhaps, might have been justified at the time it was adopted, but which, in the present spirit of the age, was totally and entirely obnoxious to the feel ings of all men of liberal education, and which could be attended with no good effect to the Established Church, but, on the contrary, was calculated to pull down rather than to support that venerable fabric.—( Hear. ) Sir A. LEITH HAY said he should very briefly second the motion of his Right Hon. Friend ; and in doing so he per frothy agreed in all the arguments advanced by him, and in all his opinions, more particularly in the one with which he had concluded, that the measure now recommended to the House was not calculated to weaken the foundations of the Church, or to prejudice its interests, but rather to strengthen the one and advance the other. He could assert that among all the professors, past and present, of the Universities of Scotland, not an instance could be found of a professor introduciug tenets into his lectures foreign to the subject which he was appointed to teach. The question would not have been mooted, but for the unhappy divisions which had occurred in the Church of Scotland; but as they had occurred, it was doubly necessary that something should be done upon the sub ject. If the course now suggested were adopted, he was satis fied it would tend greatly to soothe asperities, and to soften those unhappy differences which had shaken Scotland to its foundation. He thought the Right Honourable Gentle man opposite ( Sir James Graham) must nuw greatly regret the supineness he had shown on the subject of the Scotch Church ; for he must by this time have found that that delay had been the most prejudicial thing that had ever happened to Scotland, and, in his ( Sir A. L. Hay's) opinion, it would be more prejudicial still. He therefore trusted that the Right Hon. Baronet would now assist in allay ing the animosities, and hindering, as much as possible, the consequences of the shocking and lamentable disruption which had taken place. The House must recollect that the adherents of the Established Church of Scotland did not now amount to more than one-third of the population. This made the qnes tion of these tests mare important than ever. He therefore trusted leave would be given to bring in this Bill, so that there might come down to their country, and fill the chairs of their professors, men of the highest eminence from this, and who, under the present circumstances, were unable from their reli gion to do so. On the question being put that leave be given to bring in a Bill,_ _ Sir J. GRAHAM said, in the commencement of the ob servations he should address to the House, he would take leave to notice a point which had been alluded to in the early part of the speech of the Right Hon. Gentleman who had introduced the subject before them. He must say that, in a matter like this, which was avowedly to affect the Etablished Church of Scotland, and which was in connection with the fundamental article of the Act of Union, he thought the Right Hon. Gen tleman had done well in avoiding a resolution of the House, and in preferring to ask leave to bring in a Bill upon the sub ject. However, he thonght his Right Hon. Friend had shown very sound judgment, but beyond this he would not go, for be was sorry to say he felt it his duty decidedly to ppose the mo tion just submitted from the Chair. He, however, must admit the historical truth with which the Right Hon. Gentleman had introduced his case ; and with respect to the policy which ori ginally suggested these tests, there was no material difference between them. He now wished to remind the House that they were invited to deal with a matter which had been so lemnly settled by the Scotch Parliament, which formed the fundamental article of the Union, and which the treaty of Union declared to be indispensable. The treaty made that declaration in the strongest manner, and in words which admitted of no misrepresentation whatever—not that he (Sir J. Graham) was going in the present day to argue that because at a far distant period something had been declared fundamental that it should for ever be immutable— but what he should contend for was that changes should not be made nn any slight ground, or upon any trivial occasion. Least of all did he think they ought to tamper or meddle with that which, having originally been de clared fundamental, was still held in the same regard by a vast mass of the population of Scotland of the present day. For this matter came under the consideration of Parliament in the year 1826, and in the year 1830 a report had been presented, signed by the names of some of the most eminent men that had ever been sent from Scotland to that House. The Members on that Committee concurred in recommending not only that the tests should not be discontinued, but that they should be more vigorously ap plied.—(Hear, hear.) Now he thought when he reminded the House that this system of tests was the fundamental article of the Union, and when he quoted the opinion justrefisried 6), the House would be slow to disapprove the course which he (Sir J. Graham) felt-it his duty to pursue.. In vain hs . 41 listened to the speech of the Right Honourable Gentletat's for an enunciation of the grievances o, casioned by it. l' 1 .°„ 1 , trace of a grievance had he set heard of, and most atterlt2;c_noi had he listened to all that had been uttered. But the 11° „ Gentleman, to justify his assertion that he would be no parl to any measure which should be prejudicial to the Ch urch, which assertion he k Sir J. Graham) most unfeignedly g or e lieved—had declared that he would o ff e r no objection to !,_°,6 of negative test or declaration on th e p ar t of professors. meet he Sir J. Graham) could understand very well what meant, but ho was really at a loss to understand what j a b meant by a negative test. He must be permitted to say , th° td it could be shown, he believed, that in all the Universities,_ Scotland honorary members we r e e xempt from tes' — ot , though it could be shown that in the University of 6 , 1 1,g1 Episcopalians had filled the professor's chair—yet t. ° „ e _ A Y t he taken the test. No teacher in Glasgow had. DU" bj chair without taking the test. ThougliEpiscoralls ° been admitted either by sufferance, or avowedly " tr the professor's chair, yet, up to the present time, no Pres b Y o f rian dissenter had been admitted i n t o the Universitiestbs Scotland. He (Sir J. Graham) would not now enter into 5 it Wa secession—he deplored it—it was a great misfortune — . 00 1 extensive—most extensive ; and he was desirous that no should fall from him that should exasperate that sec ess lt Now, it was with peculiar pl e asure th a t he heard th e Big t he Hon. Gentleman state, that though he had seceded fro m hit Establishment—and he (Sir J. Graham) considered that to loss to it was great indeed—yet, having seceded from i t ; ; t . was not its enemy, and would not do anything to subver t " t i o He (Sir J. Graham) was sorry to say that that was a° languageog languae of some of the seceders. Men had been found alet - e 3 them who had declared themselves the enem ies o f the Establiotot Church of Scotland, and stated that they considered tha t h isb Erastian Establishment, as they c a ll e d it, was a n uisance " Go ss ought to be abated. He was sorry that the Right 1 1 °e" - 01 e. tleman had brought forward his mo ti on a t th e present tl tai He had told the House that no Presbyterian Dissenters ;at been admitted into the Universities of Scotland. Dr°, l 9 ; s its was the nature of the patronage of those Universities, sa g ' „" e st held it? It had been held by the members of the (ha t e ; by Corporations; but at the present time It might be h e "' of men who preferred Dissenters to fill the different allot those Universities, unless some tests existed. If a O ase t bsi was appointed to those chairs, who could he would teach his own peculiar views.—( Hear, b.! . ie He did not think there was any great evl. the establishment of rival institutions to which. Dis se ; be might go and obtain the best education. On the contra r iitet thought . rivalri would have tee best effect. It was a 'ties of primary importance that the connection of the Unlie r be se with the Church should remain. It was very true tha, t . „; tests were erected against the danger of Episcopacy; hiS cause that danger had ceased, it would be most unwise , las opinion, to remove them. Those tests were available ag at es Presbyterian Dissenters seeking to ,obtain a defile ° repon doubt r.) the Scotch Universities. Those tests had existedP fora trl tury and a half, and some o f th e fi rs t men in this fili e S ti te th t : connected with science and th e ar t s h a d chairs of those Universities, notwithstanding these t o very many men of eminence, among whom he might in e ‘ i n bls Lord Melbourne, the M arqu i s o f L ans d owne , an d the P g e co t. Lord, the Member for th e City o f L on d on , h a d g one t°.' ti ot• land for the purpose of receiving part of their education , t ip withstanding these test s ; an d h e (Si r J. Graham) I°slo fled that if they would on ly l eave the matter untoucbc- for would go well. The Right Hon. Gentleman the Mew be f f e stst Perth had asked whether th e y were prepare d t o revive " - Ise It was not a question of rev i va l, b u t w h et h er th e y should s , ts , lish tests which had exi s t e d f or a h un d re d an d UV l a t iseS The Right Hon. Gentle man h a d a ll u d e d t o sev eral Pet.,'" t i o as from the Scotch Universities, but so f ar f rom those Pe' 91 " ere being in favour of the proposed measure, they , of against the change.--( Hear, hear.) In short, tna n Jtesis the petitions stated that the removal of the. b 1 would have the effect o f d es t roy i ng th e U n iversitiist driving away their schol ars . Th e H on . an d G a llant Ge,„ n i o s. man who rescinded the moti o n t a lk e d o f th e sprea d of se's Why it was only that very d a y th a t h e h a d seen , in Dud re' newspaper, that a Scotch clergyman who had seceded br u t e ,) turned to the Ch urc h.—( H ear , h ear, f rom M r . Fox 512 „a to The Right Hon. G en tl eman , per h aps , m i g h t b e prepar' prove that it was not so. Mr. FOX MAULE—No, no. so / t° Sir J. GRAHAM was g l a d to see t h at t h ey m ust e O- , t ss the turning point, and secession must be considere,dioasseitb!i end.—(Hear, hear.) He hoped before the debate clot- s ob' would hear what Scotch M em b ers h a d t o s ay upon the ad ject. They had still in that House many whose nan eS soat' ancestors were eminently connected with the history 0 f till land; and he hoped that they would give their evidence n""4-je and fairly in favour of the Church of their ancestors• the ir thought that, as Scotchmen, they should proceed seitt ee ser usual caution upon this i m p or t an t ques ti on . As a bin h ' o lste the Crown, bound as f ar as i n hi m l ay to maintain in'''ott the Presbyterian Church as es t a bli s h e d in Scotland , b e oppose the introduction of the Bill. Gee e i Mr. RUTHERFORD agree d w ith th e Right . 0 1'o n tleman, that this enti re ly was a S co tti s h ques tion, an" 7 eV most vital importance, and before he entered into the IP 114 , of the case, he -must express a wish that the Right 11 .97 0 his ronet opposite, wo u ld no t l a y " t h e fl atter i ng unction„ l - 01 soul," that an y a lt erat i on h a d ta k en p l ace i n the ge e '„aer of the peopl e o f S cot l an d , w i t h respect to t hi s s ecession wore tion. It was supposed that the Clergy of Scotlan?oge mercenary men, and w ou ld not give up their ss ioa Look to what had bee n thelresult. There had been a se e ti u of more than one half o f th em f rom th e Ch urc h. The ' the was no longer what it was in the towns of Scotland, or ; 0 0 country amongst the rural population. It was no longer a n the as the Church of Scotland—(Hear, hear)—which o ',.„„ e of churches in the, world had most closely united the atfe e '' ‘ ,7 ties the people to it.—( Hear, hear.) That which vi ! s tll ° , r ' e h il f,6 Established Church of Scotland was the church 0f rity—aye, and not a very large minority.—( Cheers"), o f the who travelled through S co tl an d m i g ht r e ad the sign coun t "' times, for they could not mo ve th ro ugh the, of the without seeing everywhere the conse quence s hear.) secession, even in the southern counties.—(n h e u a i i' t hy . o tb:„ There were 700 c h urc h es i n course of being seceding party, and the suns which had been subscribed:l,oo far beyond what had been calculated upon . —( Hear, P i o t a Larger subscriptions were given for the support of the chaT than were given before the secession. The application 01_104 test to the admission of teachers to the Universities struck'. two-thirds of the population of Scotland. H case of Dr. Brevvster, a man of an European fame—( the hear)—ot undoubted eloquence, and whose attachment Church-of Scotland was undoubted, to show hew seal -o ' ol o this test was applied. Because he seceded from the Ch e r r eat ioo wag assailed by intolerant opponents, and the aPP` i e s.) He would quoteletar: of the test was insisted on in order to oust him.--(C h iel ee be He referred to this case to show how the test won' n ly A allowed to operate if they did not, in good time, aPLrist remedy.—(l-tear, hear. ) He trusted that the linraocl Parliament would hold the balance between both partie,,cotel, that English Gentlemen would look upon this as a t.e act question. The Right H o n. G e ntl e man referred to t"The of 1707 as the ground on which he opposed the motiont' the Right Hon. Gentlemen, at first, seemed to doubt whetlease system of tests was good or not, and whether the to ed ought not to deal with the question ; but he lor a sec e t round at the end, and said that lay and P ar a d teachers could be likely to instil their own Ps t foal doctrines into the minds of their hearers. This was n° ee o' l to be the case in Scotland. The:teaehers of jurisprud eP datie s , medicine, aed the other lay professors, discharged thor, tee s 0' with perfect impartiality, and did not interfere with me' to religious belief. The Right Hon. Gentleman referreeeitie"; another danger in the establishment of rival U n g e ace' He though the more education there was the better. De ceders would they give those rival Universities, which the s e o bich might establish, the power of granting those degre e they gave to the State Universities ?—( Hear, hear.) °ore Scotland was not a very large country, and if those tes,'shea, applied, the number of the pupils would be dirrin:ooo; and the remuneration of the professors being in id n ° quence diminished, professors of ability ‘ o , ° be found to fill the chairs at the Ous e he st There was nothing in the test to make professo cs ree lo r l qualified to teach medicine, chemistry, jurisprudence, lifted.° eo Latin.—(hear, hear.) Would any body be less ens t/ ; teach an abstract science because he had not red —( Hear, hear.) The Right Hon. Gentleman then Li o i: f to two professors in Glasgow who signed the test, sot r ev s the Established Church of Scotland, One of the ',a! pall e t quences of the test would be, that it would lead me n l e aigh;; and act with reservation, instead of acting in a plain, she sets forward manner. The evil consequences of " might not have been felt when all Sco o 4. o tlae united in one Church, but now when the Church of ,ire Ol was divided, not into a variety of creeds, but when in! d w oe' a large party who would not conform to the p r actice d } _„iiiit; ship of the Church, and who would not submit to its 7,3r.,1 it was time for the Legislature to interfere.—(Hea r ' 0 , 11 15 e The main ground on which the Right Hon. Baron et op to accede to the introduction of the Bill was, that it lord posed to the Act of 1707—the Act of Sezurity.—(Hear;as also When the Act of Union passed, this separate Act e 'llie" * passed, and it became part and parcel of the Act The people of Scotland thought it would -be a • se f c e l ths their Church. But they had soon reason to ° nes tle", it was not a very strong safeguard against the —( Cheers)—for in about five years alter the P e ' At; of the Act of 1707, the Imperial Parliament 14 55 ' 4 1 . 1 A b fi which changed the constitution of the Church of Scot" ss removing the patronage from the hands of the lerP' t alte n ° restoring it to the patron from whom it was previouairl,l6ol; away by an Act of the Scotch Parliament passed h eer'' e l f 'lhat was an old instance, and here was a new one.-- - b o rell.,t In the last year they touched the constitution of the, t of t Scotland. Ware they still prepared to call the re year year a declaratory Act ?—(Cheers.) Were they p oi 4 do so in the face of the opinions of "' pee "" tenham, Lord Brougham, and • all the other in d e e - beely pronounced judgment in the ease ?—( Hear, a,!? ova o f They touched the constitution of the Church of e , s ° tit iort e f that enactive Act in a most delicate point—the dislr'" wee patronage. The Church of Scotland was now thet C er e the,' the minority ; and the worst consequence of wile - e ter ° now doing would be that they would impress the chars , besr b ' e ) sectarian church on the church of Scotland.—( ll , e fty ef These schools would become onions to the great nor'' e ebe ° o f people(Hear, hear.) They would found o ther ° 0 0 , Learning wtaild be injured—(ilear, hear)—beca ns . o coe ec is ability would be precluded from becoming teachers: o , o ,th' h e queries of their peculiar religious opinions, an d to. e d. of the people would not send their childre reiorthe taught in those universities where the test "L ea tise, e rt A brand was placed upon two-thirds of the people,. r oy Legislature considered them unable to !lawn", dello of their own.—( Hear, hear.) They would not °l l sec% to the Church of Scotland, but they would create _fest church, which would become the most intolerable " n!' re, • the country.—(Cheers.) his eo yere The LORD ADVOCATE felft himself boundk.Y e bel t he tions to state that he was opposed to a motion where acted nl a ist• called upon to repeal certain tests that had bee n enseain e, nee wisdom of their ancestors, and which had cootint l f i e W o ol ence for a period of about a century and a half. b a d re' c oo heard that any one instance of any practical ee . ' „ the from the existence of those tests, with the excePl4",.A,AreThat alluded to as having occurred in the University tol_ reus eris huo t It had been admitted, that it was for important_ the ir 0 7 g er those tests were enacted. It was admitted th', f ool °ore was to protect the Established Church of Scotian,u_e tots _ d or If tne' claer that was apprehended toit from Episcopacy. ic ipate f the reasonable to protect the Church from the ant eua ble of Episcopacy, then he concluded they were real Die 0 001 Ras h e protection of the Church from atty other daniff r :f i t 00 01 0 ,0 there had been a change of circumstances , grid Stance s to" Out,'" that that change of eir oe nw t h o se B u t sufficient to require the repeal heir rePeel'orort then they might listen to the demand for t _mince to lot it was no light case that was required to be inau the L o t such a demand ; for let them observe the _ fl . those •ty attached to those tests at the time they wer e to d them recollect that the establishment of fundamental article of the Act of protection of the Church. They were to ten' ear a r two_ nee to Union, forthoeveseZt,strio;ti why ? Because there had within the last.y ;„ re fer o c o ....o a great change of circumstances in that c ountry .s 4,,, ht 1.1 _ 1 : : Iv the Church. He did not know whether hi ,_" o f sir e proteci l t h ad stances had arisen, that tests and s„ meal u Learned Friend meant to say, that becaus a en e 'ons say, that because that change of become less necessary, or whether cir g iv stance ft ,.. A ess tecteds . te e 00 ' one of those two propositions which the y t was no I + ° , sa t arisen the Church should be no. longer n_c_e ant, :. ott: oree account of that change of circumstances ll "' or beeaPee'n necessary, for the danger no longer existed' .o : r hat i change of circumstances the Church no . I n int`' wo clutallt' tection. Now, he did not lee that the T Pr Ai th,