The Sun. — London, England, 1836-01-15 00:00:00

LITERATURE. CHRISTIANITY. Cochrane. London, 1836. Christianity is the subject of a poem in three hooks, written by the late William Burt, of Plymouth, and now published, together with a short memoir of the author, by his nephew, Major Seymour Burt. There are many able passages in the poem, which, if they do not evinc e any lofty quality of imagination, at least show a highly cultivated mind, and one impregnated with the true religious spirit. The memoir is brief, but pleasingly written. .LTON'S POETICAL WORKS. PART IV. Chur•ton. London, 1836. This is the Fourth Part of Chtirton's British Poets, which is proposed to be published in shilling Parts, and illustrated by steel engravings from paintings by Fuseli, Westall, and Martin. The present, which comprises a portion of Milton's Paradise Lost, is a very favourable specimen of the work, as respects both print and embellishments. THE MOTHER AT HOME. BY JOILV ABBOTT. THE CHILD AT HOME. BY THE SAME AUTHOR. London: Allan Bell and Co. 1836. Mere are two neat little miniature volumes, not bigger than the palm of one's hand, and yet they com prise the great leading principles of maternal and filial d uty, enforced with all the prudence of a philosopher and all the piety of a true Christian. There are few mothers who will find the little monitor intended for their use unnecessary to them ; and we would advise the m, if they happen to be careless in the discharge of their maternal duties, not to insult the growing un derstanding of their children, by a present which would Open their eyes to the negligence of their parents. The strict duties between parents and their offspring are all reciprocalthe mother neglect th part which Natur e and Nature's God assigns to her, e she has no right to expect obedience on the part of her child. On the other hand, if the object of the mother be to fulfil e very obligation, which, as a parent, she owes to her Ch ild, we advise her by all means to purchase one of t hese little volumes for her own use, and never to suffer her offspring, till of mature age, to neglect the perusal a the other. They are excellent manuals of the first of social and Christian duties. PRA, NCE-SOCIAL, LITERARY, POLITICAL. SECOND SERIES. MONARCHY of the MIDDLE CLASSES. itzmir LYTTON SULIVER, ESQ., M.P., IN TWO VOLS. London : R. Bentley, 1836. This is an exceedingly valuable work ; albeit, writ ten with an appearance of haste, and an inattention to minor details, to which some objection may be very fairly taken. 'With one half the information which 1 ‘ 1 r• 11. L. B u l wer h as put i nto one o f hi s vo l umes , Mrs. Trollope would have found materials for the c°Mposition of some three dozen portly octavos, each of which would be as bulky as his "Series." But Mr- Bulwer has evidently no taste for amusing the "reading public" with tea-table gossip and wood cuts. He does his countrymen the justice to believe that they are fonder of truth than they are of fiction, as far at least as regards the inhabitants of other countries ; and that the really sensible among them are more de sirous of learning the state of the institutions and public Mind of France, than they are of listening to boarding 3ehool tittle-tattle on the important subject of old Maids' recipes for matrimony, and criticisms on the eut of a Parisian petticoat. In all this Mr. H. L. Bulwer is perfectly right ; and we thank him for the practical lesson which he has thus taught future tourists, whether male or female. To journalize scan dal,Sila Trollope, i s too f requent l y a ll to wh i ch modern tourists-aspire. They cannot see a yard beyond the nearest hedge ; they judge of the country by the ap pearance of the roads . ; and, in answer to your ques tions about the customs of the inhabitants, and the forms of their GOvernment, these inquirers after truth present you with a bill of fare, and recount you the number of mile-stones they t passed during their journey. Whatever is human has for them the greatest interest ; but then, it must not be forgotten, that all humanity is comprised in their own most pre cious and important selves. . They all quit home laden with money ; but they are most particuler in letting You know how they spend every sixpence of it. Every P i tch of the ;;team-boat is duly registered ; every Yawn is regularly journalized; and the dimensions of every wave is au well ascertained as if the tourist was employed by a Bond-street tailor to measure it for a dress coat. But M r . B ulwer's volumes are of another stamp. His object Was; to make the people of England acquainted with the real state of France ; and if he attain not that ob : l ect, the peop l e w ill h ave on l y t h emse l ves to blame. Of the " Fi rst S er i es " o f t hi s wor k we gave trather a lo ug not i ce on its appearance some ten or welv e mon the since ; the " Second" is still more in tresting. its But b e f ore attempt i ng a b r i ef ana l ys i s o f contents , we must say a few 'words respecting its object. and Mr. wer appears to us to have had two distinct specifl( ; purposes in view when preparing his work °, ll . Pranc e . Th e fi rst and most obvious was to make th e . peopl e •of E ng l an d acquainted with the real con uaition of .a country which exercises a powerful, very frequently a direct influence, over the "airs of I ;:urope—an infl uence f rom wh i c h ne i t h er ' r literat ut . e , nor our tastes, nor even our habits, Uare wholly ex tempt. The second object was of a still More importgent and a much more philosophic nature. Bulwer saw—or conceived that he saw—in Prance, a Prototyp e o f what England is destined to become ; 1144 hence he believed that an essential service wo uld ue tendered ;to this country by whomsoever would suc ceed in apprizing her that France has fallen into "evous erro rs—not necessarily in consequence of her politi ca l con: ;titution, but sol e ly b ecause s h e h as suf red t h e exercise of it to be abused by those entrusted W ith its g t tardianship. And here it is that Mr. Bulwer is r Bally successful as an author, and sound and logic a l as . a po li t i c i an. No writer can be more h appy in th e deduction of a political inference—none More acute i n distinguishing between a direct and ne cessarY, ant l a. collateral consequence. The first three chapters of the first of these volumes I . s dev o t e d to an examination of what Mr. Bulwer calls the " Light Literature" of modern France, including t he Newspaper Press. The inference which he draws from the pre vailin, style of dramatic composition, is, his Presume t thi;lk, more ingenious than sound ; but his argum en ts on the influence of a free Press are incontrovertible. The four following chapters treat of the influstn ee exercised by religion and its Ministers of every • . s ect in France. And here the theme is gratifya, ill the extreme. Not only is atheistical intidelit; fast peopl e i n ge neral man i fest disapp ear i ng , b ut t h e a reliaious zeal as sincere as it is enlightened and eharitablbe. The " New Phi losophers" and their doctri nes Ch 0 • -(7 'cuPy th e t wo nex t apters ; and what rernams of t h e first volume is de voted t o the consideration of th e F rench laws of dc. W e w ere much struck with the s cent and p roper t y . forcibl eness o f M r. B u l wer ' s refutations M tns M'Cullo c h' s so p of ques hi on these ti of „ me o f im _ons. The sec on d vo l ume opens with a view of the l'oeial con di t i on of " Young France," in whi c h reade r is • presewed with sketches of individuals the, pour_ traying all that necessarily appertains to a particular class. The French Aristocracy and the working classes have ample space devoted to the fixing of their relative conditions, sympathies, and interests—the re lations by which, the necessary connection between them is preserved—and the extent of their mutual de pendence and obligation. The political equality of the French people is next inquired into ; the centralization of the Government and its effects follow ; and with suitable comments upon the civil and military adminis tration of the Government—the constitution of the Chambers of Peers and Deputies—and comparisons between the social and political state of England and France at the present moment, the work is brought to a conclusion. We have here given a summary of the contents of Mr. Bulwer's France—nothing more. We stated at the commencement that objection might be made to the careless way in which materials of such value are flung, as it were, together. We have the man of genius and observation—the philosophical thinker and the acute observer—but we miss the artist. Every figure in the Panoramic View is correct, taken by it self ; but the grouping is indifferent, and in the midst of power we are forced to regret the absence of taste. The way in which we can best prove our sincere admiration of Mr. Bulwer's France is by making copious extracts fitom it. One selected by us has al ready appeared ; a second on the present state of the Gallican Church follows this notice : and others, if possible, will subsequently find a place in our columns. Be it remembered that Mr. Bulwer's statements are not rumours picked up in the salons of theatres—half hearsays eked out by appearances, rough calculations, and guesses, resting on what lawyers call " the proba bility of the case." His opinions may be canvassed ; his facts are drawn from sources of which no man in France doubts the authenticity. " The national religion of France is considered to be the religion of the different influential sects in the nation ; and the state pays a salary to the minister of the Catholic, the Protestant and the Jewish worship. " I give the first at three different epochs. SALARY CATHOLIC CLERGY. 1827. 1834. 1836. frs. frs. frs. A Cardinal 30,000 it The Archbishop of Paris lOO,OOO 40,000 25,000 Another Archbishop A Bishop The Vicar General of Paris Another Vicar General.. 3,000 3,000 A Canon in Paris . 2,400 2,400 A Canon in other dioceses A Cure (priest) of the first class 1,500 1,500 of the second A Desservan (answers to our ¶ from 900 from 1,000 Curates in some degree. to 750 to 800 " The changes have been in diminishing the salaries of the higher and raising the salaries of the lower clergy. The casuel' or fees from his parishioners double the Catholic priest's allowance. " The Protestant clergyman receives no castle' ;' his al lowance from the state varies from 3,000 to 1,000 francs, and may average about 601. " The Grand Rabbin at Paris receives 6,000 francs— the. other Grand Rabbin 3,ooo—the other Rabbins vary from 2,000 to 300 francs. " The Catholic religion has no longer any estates sepa rate from its allowance. During the restoration, it was al lowed to receive donations within a certain limit. " From 1820 to 1825—this was during the heat and fer vor of the religious struggle I have described—the dona tions to the church doubled what they had been from 1815 to 1820—but :let no political hypocrisy pass for religious zeal. " There were five times as many ANONYMOUS donations to other charitable institutions." " When a man tells me that he wishes the church to be wealthy because he has a son who has taken orders—when a man tells me that he wishes bishops to have 30,000 a year because he has a brother, the college friend of the prime minister, who will certainly be a bishop—when a men tells me that he wishes clergymen to be gentlemen because he has a dandy nephew who is just the thing for a parson—l shake him heartily by the hand, and rejoice, for my part, that the State provides for so honest and frank-hearted a fellow. But, really, when your solemn-faced puppy, pha rasaically remarks, that though many of his family are in the Church, he, God knows ! wishes to see the Church wealthy for 'far other and higher considerations, that he wishes to see a Church mingling with the aristocracy and endowed with large possessions, merely because be believes that an aristocratic and wealthy clergy most promote the in terests of religion—when some sinful toady of the Peerage demurely says this—such impudence, I confess, puts me out of countenance, and I have hardly sufficient presence of mind to reply :—' Look to the Catholic clergy of Ire land ! lo o k to the Dissenters of England! look to the pious, and excellent, and exemplary body of men forming the clergy of France—who constitute, without dispute, the most respectable part of French society, and who, if they want in some respects the intelligence of the times in which they live, have all the simplicity, and more than the virtue of a darker age. " The greater part of these holy men are peasants by birth, and frequently born in the village where they after wards exercise their functions. Their habits then are sim ple, and they mix naturally with their followers, of whom they understand the wants, the habits, and the language. They exercise a power—not so extensive as that of the Irish priests over their flocks—but a power mild and con ciliatory—and are usually beloved and respected by the villagers, at whose christenings they preside, whose mar riages they arrange, and whose quarrels they compose. " To the Presbytery the poor may go with the satisfac tion that they will find a friend—a friend not entirely re moved from their condition, and who can have no rivalry in their affairs ; a friend willing to listen to their complaints, to give them counsel they understand, and to preach, with a mixture of brotherly tenderness and spiritual authority, that divine doctrine of humility and resignation which finds in spite of our vanity and ambition, a deep and holy echo in the human heart. " The following are the ecclesiastical statistics of the numbers of the Catholic clergy composinc , the twenty-four dioceses of the kingdom, drawn from authentic documents, year 1833 : Titular Honorary Curates .. Assistants Vicars Chaplains Almoners Priests (supernumerary (authorised to preach and confess) .37,745 Priests on duty, died 1833 Total, priests in active service - 30;539 Number deficient for the service of dio ceses Number of priests judged necessary by the bishops Priests employed whose age exceeds sixty years Priests aged or infirm, incapable of duty 1,870 11,625 ORDINATION DURING THE TEAR 1833. Priests Deacons Umler-Deacons 5,461 ECCLESIASTICAL SCHOLARS. Theology Philosophy 2,162 In the secondary ecclesiastical schools 13,826 23,405 " By this statement it would appear, as well from the number of priests required for the service, as from the de crease (which in 1824 was 36,000) of the students edu cating for the priesthood, that there is a certain difficulty at the present time in innintaining the ranks of that very respectable body, to whose virtues I should be ashamed not to render justice. But let us not at once suppose that this is owing to the smallness of the salary which the clergy receive—a salary wholly sufficient for their simple wants, and, as they arc taken, for the most part, from parents poorer than themselves, more than they are accustomed to, or, had they remained among the laity, would have received. " It has become more: difficult to fill up the ranks of the priesthood, not because the pecuniary rewards of the church are - insufficient, if pecuniary rewards could alone suffice, but because pecuniary rewards cannot alone suffice, when they have to counterpoise all the tastes and affections and habits of the human heart. " You tell me that the church was crowded when it had rich benefices and bishoprics at its disposition ;—ay—but had it only rich benefices and bishoprics '?Had it not also pomp, power, place, all that corrupts and gratifies our na-' ture ? Were not its favours courted, and its vices forgive n ?' What difficulty was there in renouncing the world, when you thereby gained what was most valued in the world ? Do you think that the most holy of the martyrs themselves were insensible to the glory that awaited them in front of the lion ? " To be a French priest at present—what do you re ceive, and what do you renounce ? You receive a mode rate, but honourable subsistence, perfectly sufficient for all the wants which are necessary to, or indeed compatible with, your calling. But you renounce the honours of a literary or military career ; you must turn aside from all that animates and vivifies your nation. You must for ever abandon the passion of the peasant, whose toil you have escaped, but from whose desire—desire becoming every day more ardent—you cannot, from every early recollection and daily habit, be entirely free. You must abandon the hope Of having a little spot of ground, which shall become a field, perchance a farm, under your care and economy ;—a field or a farm, which would be your own. " Nor is this all ;--out from the innermost depths of your heart you must pluck the soft and gentle passion, which has not only been given you by nature, but which the society in which you live brings in every varied reflec tion before your eyes. " To be priest, you must neither be dramatist, nor war rior, nor proprietor, nor lover, nor husband, nor father you must renounce all those titles so precious in a nation at once so affectionate and vain ;—and this without any of those gratifications which have mingled with the religion and the religious enthusiasm of the best and wisest of men. No one shall call you saint, or worship you as prophet ; no one shall mingle with your person any of that mysterious divinity which of old mantled the ministers of God. " You shall be loved and respected ; but you shall be loved and respected as a man ;—you shall be loved and respected, but you shall be loved and respected as a mem ber of society ;—and you have forsworn the pleasures of a man ; you have placed beyond the tomb the pleasures of society ; you hare made the sacrifice of religious enthusiasm amidst the empire of religious indifference. " Let me proclaim boldly, that a poor priesthood has always been, and always must be, a zealous and devoted one. But let us not confound events ; let us not imagine that it is the same cause which always produces the same effect, or that poverty and purity, which are frequently the sign of a religion on its rise, may not sometimes denote its decline. " The ministry of a rising religion, not merely animated by the vulgar motive of procuring a revenue by their vir tue—on which virtue, nevertheless, their revenue solely de pends—not merely stimulated by this vulgar motive how ever the members of a rising religion have their souls filled and satisfied by a nobler and more exquisite gratification— a gratification the highest of which humanity is capable, proceeding from the adoration, the worship of their disciples. Here is an impulse given to their energy ; here is a reward held before their eyes,—an impulse whiCh no government can give—a reward which no benefice can supply. " But reverse the medal ;—behold not a religion rising, but a religion falling l—its revenues have been diminished ; we may disguise the cause, but the cause will really have been some diminution of our religious zeal. Then what follows ? The same sentiment which has diminished the emoluments of the church, scrutinizes and watches over its conduct ; for the very reason that the clergy are worse paid, they are obliged to be more active, more pure. They are placed in the middle of a crowd, who no longer surrep titiously embrace their feet, but who look them intelli gently in the face. " The clergy of that fallen religion will thus become more pure as they are worse paid, and as they are worse paid, they will diminish ; but they will diminish, not because they are worse paid, but because the same cause which diminishes their pay, exacts from them all the purity of their creed, but accords to them none of the honours of its apostles." .~ , THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 15, 1836. Bennett and Owen, Mr. Cumming, whO is about to pro ceed on a voyage of natural history to Manilla, and other distinguished naturalists. NEWSPAPER TA x.—The Greenock Intelligencer, in an able article on this important question, refutes the as sertion that the numerous petitions sent to the House last session were got up here by a clique ; although they and we are aware that circulars from an Association in London, consisting of Lord Brougham, Mr. Bulwer, and others, were last summer sent to various places enforcing the ne cessity of active exertion to obtain the repeal of the tax on newspapers. Our contemporary concludes by affirming, that " not one of the petitions which were sent from Greenock, for the abolition of the Newspaper Stamp Duty, Was got up, or subscribed at the request of Lord Brougham, or any of the gentlemen whose names were mentioned -in the circulars referred to. Copies of these circulars did come to this town ; but unfortunately for the argument of our metropolitan brethren, they did not arrive until after all the Greenock petitions had been sent off to Parliament. We are told that not one petition against the Newspaper Tax voluntarily emanated from persons who felt themselves aggrieved by the duty ; and yet from the operatives of Greenock alone no less than five petitions on the subject were sent to Parliament during last Session, besides the general petition of the inhabitants, adopted at a public meet ' ing in the Townhall, with the Provost in the Chair, and signed by nearly 2,000 persons." TITHES.—DUBLIN, JAN. 12.--Yesterday the Court of Exchequer was occupied almost exclusively- with tithe cases. Mr. Sergeant Jackson made an application on behalf of the Dean and Chapter of the Cathedral Church of. Killaloe, against Robert Otway Cave, Esq., of the county Tipperary, that the service of a writ of subpoena, by posting a copy of it on the hall door of Castle Otway, the defendant's residence, should be deemed good service. The Learned Counsel founded his application upon various afdavits, stating that the parties considered their lives to be in imminent danger if they attempted to serve the writ in the ordinary way. An individual, named Fahy, swore that, immediately after he had served a writ upon the de fendant, which was issued against him on the 26th of Nov. last, he was attacked and knocked down by two men, whom he could not identify. • The Chief Baron expressed his opi nion that, under such circumstances, the defendant should be held responsible, and that the court ought to grant a rule nisi to show cause why an attachment should not issue against his person, as it was impossible the outrage could have been committed without his consent, if he afterwards directed his solicitor to enter an appearance. The Court ultimately granted the application in this and several other cases of a similar description. • . GRAND FANCY BALL AT THE COLOSSEUM.— Last night a fancy dress ball was given at the Colosseum, in behalf of the funds of the Royal Dispensary for Diseases of the Ear, and to enable the Governors to enlarge the institution, so as to receive patients at an early age, when the prospect of an effectual cure is naturally more favourable than at an advanced stage of life. To promote this good Samaritan object, the entertainment of last night originated with the Ladies Patronesses, amongst whom are included several members of the Royal Family, and a great number of the leading Nobility. We however think that the Go vernors of the Institution would have acted with greater advanta g e to its finances if the ball had been given at a more advanced period of the season, when the town would have been fuller, and a greater number of the Nobility and other influential persons would, from the feeling they have expressed in behalf of the Charity, have been present. As it was, however, the company was both numerous and re spectable, and included several of the Foreign Ministers and their Ladies, the Lord Mayor, accompanied by the sisters of the Lady Mayoress, several foreigners of distinction, &c. The splendid suite of rooms were all thrown open, and bril liantly illuminated for the occasion. The fine band of the Ist Regiment of Life Guards was in attendance, and con tinued to play some beautiful music during the arrival of the company. Shortly after ten o'clock the ball was opened to the music of Weippert's full baud, who in the course of the evening performed a variety of new quadrilles, Prince George of Cumberland's new and admired waltz, &c. The fancy dresses were numerous, and, with few exceptions, of a splendid description. There were the usual number of Greek, Neapolitan, Highland, Spanish, Venetian, Swiss, and Oriental costumes. Amongst those most conspicuous for beauty and splendour were a Queen Elizabeth, accom panied by Amy • Robsart, a Spanish Grandee, an Indian Prince, a Hungarian Noble, a Knight of the sable Plume, &c. The tout ensemble within the salon de clause, at mid night was extremely striking. The merry dance was kept up with spirit until a late hour this morning, and we have no doubt the result of the entertainment must prove highly gratifying to the numerous friends of this charitable institution. Active preparations are making in Lambeth to give effect to the ceremony of laying the foundation of a new school for the children of publicans, in Kennington-lane. Viscount Melbourne is to lay the first stone on Thursday next, and, after the business of the day, dine with the Members for the Borough and the licensed victuallers, at the Horns Tavern. The building is to be erected nearly on the site of the old school, formerly the residence of Sir Joseph Mawbey. Seats for the accommodation of at least 1,000 s pectators have been erect e d upon the ground, in the form of an amphitheatre. Yesterday morning, at half-past one o'clock, a party of smugglers attempted to run a cargo between Hove and Copperas Gap, but were prevented by the vigilance of the Coast Guard on those stations, who fired off their pistols, although the . man on duty at the former place was struck with a bat, and his pistol wrenched out of his hand, which was much cut. The crew of the smugglers' boat, hear ing the report of pistols, are supposed, as it was a very still morning, to have made off, and sunk her cargo till a more favourable opportunity. The Coast Guard man at Cop peras Gap secured one of the party, but, being overpow ered and knocked down, the smuggler escaped. There were fearful odds—about 40 to I.—Brighton Gazelle. . _ AN AMERICAN DUEL—Copy of a letter received in Washington, from Florida, dated November 28 :—" On the 21st a desperate duel was fought between Captain Everett White, brother of the delegate in Congress, and Colonel A. Bellamy, late President of the Legislative Council. These gentlemen were candidates for Jefferson's County, and Captain White was returned. The duel, from the mode of conducting it, was intended on both sides for fatal results, which unfortunately followed. They were stationed 60 yards apart, with four pistols, to advance and fire. Captain White advanced and received three shots without injury, and then fired at the distance of 15 paces. His first shot passed through Colonel Bellamy's arm, the next through his body, and in the act of advancing with the other two pistols he received a mortal wound from Colonel Bellamy's fourth pistol. Colonel Bellamy is not yet dead, but must certainly die of his wounds. I yesterday performed the painful office of following Captain White to the grave. The Court adjourned, and the funeral was attended by the bar and the grand jury in a body."—Ncw York Paper. The diligence from Paris to Rheims, which gene rally reaches the latter town at five in the morning, did not arrive one day last week till after mid-day, and the delay excited alarm. The following was the disastrous cause : On arriving at Soissons, seven young Alsatians, who were going to the army as substitutes, wanted places ; but there was room for only three who took their seats on the roof. The coach bad got some distance on the road, when it was discovered by the passengers in the rotonde, that the other four young men were clinging to the outside of the carriage, and-ere long-, one of them opened theidoor behind, and . seated himself at the top of the steps, keeping the door open - , and thus exposing those within to all the rigour of a severely frosty night. An altercation ensued, the coach was stopped, and the conductor called upon to interpose, but in vain, the Alsatians, who by the way did not. understand a word of French, resisted all attempts to displace them. From words the contending parties came to blows, and during the fray, the conductor received from M. Boulanger, a passenger, a wound in the face by the blow of a stick, which nearly deprived him of one eye. After a long con test the tumult ceased, but a more melancholy catastrophe ensued. While conversing on what had passed, M. Bou langer wa s s t ruc k d ea d by apoplexy. A most distressing scene ensued, for his daughter, who was with him, on learning the fate of her father, fainted, and afterwards fell into a most violent fit of hysterics. The body of the de ceased was left at Sermeise. In the confusion the four Al satians made their escape, but they have since been taken, and committed to prison at Soissons. BERLIN, JAN. 3.—His Majesty's permission to make au iron railroad between Berlin and Potsdam is at length given, but in such a manner that the work can hardly be undertaken, for now a decree of expropriation is annexed to it, so that the persons who undertake the work must treat separately with all the landowners in the direction of the road, which everybody knows is next to impossible, and we hear that a petition for a law of ex propriatiori is preparing.—German Paper. Last Thursday one of our fishing-boats landed here a prisoner who escaped from St. Pelagic. He states that his name is Fontaine, and that seven years ago he worked under Sir Francis Chantrey, in London ; that he is 27 years of age, and was in the Line when the riots took place at Lyons, but joined the insurgents, and fought with them till all their ammunition was spent. After wander ing about the country a long time, he reached Dieppe , where he remained several days, and at last agreed with one of our fishermen to convey him across the Channel. Fontaine says that there are from 16 to 20 of the escaped prisoners who have not yet found means to leave the French dominions. He quitted Brighton on Saturday for London. —Brighton Gazette. A number of the inhabitants of Toulouse have formed a project for the extinction of mendieity, by the establishment in the Landes of an agricultural colony, to those that have been se successful in Holland. FRENCH PAPERS. (From the Journal des Debats of Wednesday.) " The. Chamber adopted to-day the eight first paragraphs of the Address. " The only one of those paragraphs that gave"rise to any thing like warm discussion, referred to the maintenance of the balance of power in Europe, and to the execution of treaties. It is evident to every body, that if Poland was not named in that paragraph, it was Poland neverthe less that the Committee had in view: Hence this very natural question. If it was intended to speak of Poland, why not call her by her name? For whom is this in tended to be a secret ? For France ? For Russia? In the present time, secrets are difficult to be kept, even those confided to a very limited number of persons. Every thing now is public ; but we confess it frankly, we cannot see the use of a secret that is to undergo a public discussion, and to have the world for its confidant. It was necessary either to suppress the paragraph or render it more explicit, not to appear to be afraid Lb say what was meant to be conveyed to every body. " We aye not surprised, for our part, that the Chamber adopted an amendment which, after all, will not say more than the discussion of yesterday and to-day. All agree on the main point. So far from making , a mystery of the in terest which the unhappy Polish nation inspires it, the French Government takes a pride in that feeling. France has protested against the union of Poland to Russia ; those protests she is determined to maintain ; and, this very day, .the Minister of. Foreign Affairs has renewed them, in the presence of the Chambers and of all Europe: Why should not the Address contain the expression of sentiments and opinions, which no one hesitates to publish from the tribune. If certain circumstances had not lately occurred to awaken public sympathy for the miseries of the Polish nation, the Chamber mi g ht h a v e rema i ne d s il en t on th e su bj ec t. The Speech of Warsaw excited universal indignation ; the Chamber could not sanction, by its silence, an usurpation which Russia had loudly proclaimed.. The Address of the Chamber is a just satisfaction given to public indignation. In such cases, France has always set the example. We are happy to repeat it—if there was any difference of opinion in the Chamber, it was respecting the opportunity of a new protest, and not at all on the main point." CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.-WEDNESDAY. At'half-past one o'clock, M. Dupin, the President, took the Chair. M. Felix Real having read the proas verbal of the pre ceding meeting, M. Hector d'Aulnay, communicated to the Chamber a proposition, approved of by the Bureaux, for an alteration in the internal regulations of the House. The discussion of the address was then resumed. M. Gauguier proposed the following amendment to the Bth paragraph of the address : " It is with pain, Sire, that the Chamber sees men,holding public situations under Government, called upon as Depu ties to control and vote the Buda-et of the State. " Is it not nadir and dangerous for the public revenues, that these men should continue to receive the salaries at tached to those situations, during the Legislative Sessions, while it is impossible for them to discharge the duties of their functions." . M. Gauguier exposed to the Chamber his.. reason for moving that amendment. He contended that it was im possible for Legislators, dependent on the Ministry, to vote with the freedom required by the 16th. article of the Char ter, the Budget of the State. The- Hon. Member read a voluminous manuscript in support of his amendment, with out an instant captivating the attention of the Chamber. When he had concluded, M. Jollivet ironically sug gested the propriety of including the forge-owners among the public functionaries to be excluded from the Chamber, for if a Judge-Deputy, he said, received 3,000 francs from the State, the former lost it, perhaps, forty times that amount by the prohibition duties imposed on the importation of iron.—(Laughter.) The President here interfered, and said he could not sanction such a personality. M. Gauguier said he was a forge owner, and that no one was more anxious than be was for the reform of the Cus toms-tariff, as regarded the introduction of foreign iron. He then withdrew his amendment, and the President read out the ninth paragraph of the Addre'ss. To the; other laws announced by your Majesty, the Chamber will devote the attention which their importance deserves. The quettion relates to the organization of the Municipal liberties, on which the political existence of na tions is founded, to the ministerial responsibility by which it is secured, to the instruction by which it is perpetuated. We must deliberate on administrative and judicial reforms, on the increase and regularity of our internal communica tions, on the serious questions which relate to our foreign commerce. It is, especially at a period of security, that public liberties can be consolidated without. the dangers arising 'either from distrust or from a too precipitate con fidence. At such a moment a character of duration may be imparted to social improvements undertaken with pru dence." M. D'Harcourt moved an' amendment in favour of free trade, which he was developing when our reporter left the House. BRIGHTON-THURSDAY. The King gave audience to Mr. Hawley (Kssistant Poor Law Commissioner), and Capt. Bullock, R.N., this morning. Their Majesties drove out this afternoon between two and three o'clock on the Lewes-road. Mr. Brackenbury, his Majesty's Consul at Cadiz, is among our arrivals. Prince Ernest and Prince George arc expected to return o Brighton next Monday. _ _ Yesterday evening their Majesties' dinner party comprised Admiral Sir P. Malcolm, Earl and Countess of Norbury and the Ladies Toler ; Mr., Mrs., and Miss Daly ; Mr. and Mrs. G. Dawson, Sir James Kempt, Earl of Denbigh, and the Marchioness of Ely. Mr. Jackson, the son of the President of the United States, is sojourning at Hastings. Mr. and Mrs. G. Dawson take their departure to-mor row morning for their house in town. Rear Admiral Schomberg, Earl and Countess of Nor bury, and the Ladies Toler, called at the Palace this morning. COURT CIRCULAR. Mr. Robinson, M.P., Chairman of Lloyd's, Messrs. Chap man, Cheap, and Robinson, Members of the Committee, had an interview with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, in Downing-street, yesterday, on the subject of the Stamp duty on Marine Insurances. Viscount Duncannon visited Lord J o h n Russell. The Earl of Euston, Messrs. I. I. t.;;;,1. Dixon, Donaldson, and Martin, had an interview yesterday with the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on the subject of a plan for preventing the pollution of the water of the Thames. Lord Glenelg had a dinner party last evening, at his re sidence in Great George-street. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. ..... Mrs. Keet, at the Hyde Park Hotel, Hyde Park-place, from Kensington Palace; Mr. and Mrs. Peers, at ditto, from Ox fordshire; the Hon. John Carnegie, at ditto, from Rose-hill; the Hon. and Rev. J. Taylor, at ditto, from Ireland; the Rev. P. Gildart, at ditto, from West Wickham ; Sir Thomas Gory Cullum, Bart., and Lady Cullum, at the Green Park Hotel, Piccadilly, from Hardwicke, Suffolk; Mrs. Hartley and the Misses Hartley, at ditto, from their seat, in Surrey. DEPARTURES. Colonel Stanhope, Grenadier Guards, for Dublin : the Earl of Clonmell and Lady Earlsfort, for the St. George's Hotel, Albermarle-street ; Lord Burghley, from Fladong's Hotel, for Cold Warden, Berks ; Godfrey Wentworth, Esq., from Crawley's Hotel, for Yorkshire ; Sir Howard and Lady Elphinstone, for St. Leonard's-on Sea ; Mr. and Lady Jane Knox, from the Earl of Ross's, Petersham ; Mrs. Drake, from Eaton-place, for Amersham, Rucks ; Sir Molyneux and Lady Georgianna Cholmeley, from Belton House, for Easton, Grantham; T. Clarke Wilkinson, Esq., from the Green Park Hotel, Piccadilly, for Waterford. Various rumours, and guesses infinite, bare been afloat for some days past with respect to a certain "affair in May Fair," to which allusion was made last week. Speculation has increased, in the " circles," with the diffi culty of eliciting information. To all but the very few the facts have remained a secret, but some light may be expected to be thrown upon them in the Court Journal of to-morrow, which will also comprise the chapter of a Romance of real Life in Bavaria. Lord Teignmouth has accepted the Tory invitation to stand for Marylebone. One word of advice to the Reformers : If Mr. Henry Bulwer resigns, and the Re formers split into divisions, the result will be,the , election - of the - Irlsb -- Baron ; for the case stands thus :—A Whiff . can didate will obtain 1,500 votes, a RadienTihe"iiiiie - number, or nearly so ; the Tory will have, if the registry accounts can be depended on, about 1,600, which will, in the event alluded to, insure his return. OXFORD, JAN. 13.—The Town Council held their first full meeting to-day, and their first public act has been to vote an address to the King, expressing their grateful feelings for the Municipal Corporation Reform Act, and their pedect confidence in his Majesty's present Minis ters. There have been several Committee meetings held to take into consideration the salaries of the various Cor porate Officers, in which the Tory portion of the Council has been strenuous in proposing and supporting high sala ries, probably with a view to render a borough-rate indis pensable, and so cause the new Council to be unpopular ; they have, however, been defeated in their object. It is expected that a Council will be held at Brighton to-morrow, when the Lords Commissioners will resign the custody of the Great Seal. Mr. Bickersteth, on yesterday morning returned his briefs, in consequence of his appointment to the Rolls Bench. The Master of the Rolls and the Vice-Chancellor were engaged the whole morning in hearing causes and petitions quite devoid of public interest. ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY.—TLC ordinary scientific meeting was held on Tuesday evening, William Yarrell, Esq., in the Chair. The Chairman presented a case con taining a male and female dottrell, with a young bird and egg, just received from Mr. Hesham, at Carlisle, which bad been taken on Skiddaw, and consequently proved incontes tably, for the first time, that this bird is bred in Great Bri tain. Mr. Gould presented several specimens of Indian crows from Asia, two rare varieties of which were from the Himalaya Mountains, as well as several species of mocking birds from North and South America and the West Indies. An interestinr, paper was read on the dissection o f a vulpin opossum which had lately died in the Gardens from inflam mation and gangrene of the pyloric orifice of :the stomach. A communicatio n f rom Dr. Russell on the presence of ca nine teeth in the. Abyssinian antelope, excited some dis cussion, in the course of which Mr. Ogilby stated that it was the only instance which had ever come before the no tice of the scientific world, of the existence of incisors in hollow-horned ruminants. Amongst the company were the Dean of Carlisle, Dr. Beck, from Copenhagen, Messrs. COURT OF PEERS. The Court met on Wednesday at the usual hour, under the Presidency of Baron Paiquier ; but the proceedings were confined to the interrogatory of the accused, and the examination of witnesses relative to the Society of the Rights of Alan. M. Voyer d'Argenson was one of the wit nesses heard on that subject ; but the debates up to post hour had offered no interesting incident. TEXAS. The accounts from Texas furnish us with the declaration of the people of that State, which is as follows : " DECLARATION OF THE PEOPLE OF TEXAS IN GENERAL CONVENTION ASSEMBLED. " Whereas General Antonio Lopez de Santa Ana, and other military chieftains, have, by force of arms, overthrown the federal institutions of Mexico, and dissolved the social compact which existed between Texas and the Ministers of the Mexican Confederacy—now the good people of Texas, availing themselves of their natural rights, solemnly declare— " 1. That they have taken up arms in defence of their rights and liberties, which were threatened by the en croachments of military despots, and in defiance of the Re publican principle of the Federal Constitution of 1824. " 2. That Texas is no longer morally or civilly bound by the compact of union ; yet, stimulated by the generosity com mon to a free people, they offer their support and assistance to such of the Members of the Mexican Confederacy as will take up arms against military despotism. " 3. That they do not acknowledge that the present authoritirs of the nominal Mexican Republic have the right to govern within the limits of Texas. " 4. That they will not cease to carry on war against the said authorities whilst their troops are within the l' A mits of Texas. " 5. That they held it to be their right duimg the re cognition of the Federal system, and the 'reigy, of despotism, to withdraw from the Union, to establish an independent Government, or to adopt such measu•ces as they may deem best calculated to protect their rights and liberties ; but that' they will continue faithful ti) the Mexican Govern ment so long as that 'nation is gove rued by the constitution and laws that were formed for the government of the Poli tical Association. "6. That Texas is responsible, for the expenses of her armies now in the field. " 7. That the public faith of Texas is pledged for the payment of any debts contracted, by her agents. " 8. That she will reward by donations of land all who volunteer their services in her vet sent struggle, and receive them as citizens. " These declarations we solemn avow to the world, and call God to witness their truth as Id sincerity, and invoke a defeat and disgrace upon our hea , is should we prove guilty of duplicity." [Here follow the si, gnature.9.]. General Houston had been ap: pointed Generalissimo of the Texeans. SHIPPING.-(T] lIS DAY.) (FROM LL'Y ZD'S.) DEAL, JAN. 14.—Wind W. S. IN , rain.—Ar rived the Eme rald Isle, Burk, from Dublin - Alexande• c , Nelson, and Clonmcl, Davis, from Waterfc .rd ; Gulnr re , Metcalf, from Canton ; Egham, Turner, fro ai Cadiz . Royal Tar, —, from Lisbon. Arrived from tb .e River a nd remains—Trader, Senton, from Liverpool ; • Albion Ch;1„ls, from Southampton ; Ann, Collings, from Bristol. I ..eltb outward-bound remain as per last. Five, P. —lt blows hat d, and there is every ap pearance of a squally night. PORTSMOUTH, JAN. 14,—W1ad S. W. N.W. Strong breezes with rain. PLvmetrn, JAN. 13.—Wind N.W. strong breezes. — Arrived his Majesty's steamer A . ;b ar Seymour, out 30 days, from Malta, with dispatches .; 1 Swiftsure, Lucking, out 31 days, from Smyrna, with, fruit, fc orders. LYMINGTON, JAN. 1.,.._ Arrived off port the Euphrates, Buckman, from Bombay, SCILLY, JAN. 1 2..—Arrived the - 2oneord, Segur, from Ali cant; and Maz,ePpa, Mayhew, from Lisbon. LrvEarooL, JAN. 13.—Arrived tit ae Nimrod, Atkin, from Charleston; Elion, Clare, from ilStt ss i na; • and Hebtor, from Trieste. Off port the St. Aoa drew, Beverley, and Nel son, Wood, from St. John's, Nev I drunswick.. FAutouTn, JAN. 13, Wind 1 . S.W. to W.—Sailed the Caroline, Bowman, for New Yo rls ; and Liverpool (steamer) for Oporto, &c. WATERFORD, JAN, 13. --Arriv •ed the Eliza Willirans, Baines,. from London. Conic, JAN, 13. Arrived ;he Williams, Williams, sroan London. Pool. 8, JAN, 13, --Arrived tl to Hobe, S' eager , from New foundland. IsLc OF 'W IGHT, J AN. 14. —A ,rrivlr 05 port the Clyde, Gor don, 1.- ;4lMi Odessa, • SPIRIT OF THE PUBLIC JOURNALS The Standard of last night, hard pressed for ru mours, announces, in its firstleading- article, the " re ,:oirtion of Sir John Cainpbell," from a "source" It so on which it places " the greatest confidence." hp4pens, notwithstanding this great confidence, .rin t l ha: every part of the statement is Untrue. In a secm:dcoanrb tide, written before the other, the solitary c journal of the Tories arrives at the whimsical elusion" that the .Ministry is condemned_ to destruc tion, and "that the present arrangements are the pre parative of a breaking up." • This conclusion is drawn froth the resignation of Sir John Campbell ; but the premises of our inventive contemporary being false, the conclusion is unfounded. Sir John Campell has - not resigned, and is . Attorney-General. Whatever difficulties there may have been in the judicial appoint ments just concluded—and There were some of a very embarrassing nature—they have all been overcome in a manner honourable to Ministers and satisfac, tory to the parties. We are at a loss to imagine what satisfaction the Tories can derive from the appoint ments in question, though we t an un d erstan d h ow they will great satisfaction to the publi c . A n give excellent and experienced Equity lawyer is trans lated from the Rolls to the Seals, and a liberal and consistent politician, who would have disdained to ekehange his political principles for office; in imitation of his . piedecessors, Sir John Leach, and Lord Lynd hurst, and Lord Abinger, is added to the Cabinet. Mr. Bickersteth, whose qualification for any judicial office none dare doubt, is promoted to the Rolls. The personal and professional character of Mr. Bickersteth is held in universal respect. He has risen to his pre sent eminence by no party.subserviency—by no in trigues—by no sale of his integrity. His legal ac quirements and great talents will, without doubt, be devoted to the preparation of a measure for effecting a complete separation of the political from the judicial functions of the Chancellorship, and he will be an in valuable accession to the House of Lords, as an upright and able adVocate of Law Reform. The Standard gives an opinion, that the " long-babbled about project of separating. the political f rom th e ju dicial duties - of the L or d - Chancellor" is a project which " will never be carried into effect during the life of the youngest man now living." - Our contem porary has hazarded with equal confidence many pre dictions which have not been justified by events. He was not less certain that Catholic Emancipation would not take place in 1829-Lthat the Reform Bills would - not pass in 1832—t0 say nothing of his predictions with regard to the Municipal Bill. The House of Lords may, it is true, reject all measures of Reform de manded by the nation, but it is not always safe to set public opinion at defiance ; and there are persons who think that the Lords will be playing the game of their enemies in the coming Session if they reject, as pre dicted by their Conservative organs, an Irish Corpo ration Bill—an Irish Tithe Bill for the third time— an extended and improved Municipal measure—Bill for the entire relief of the . Dissenters from their grievances—a Bill for improving the Equity , and Appellate jurisdictions—and some other measures to .which great importance is attached by the nation. It is not for us to say what may be the result of their Lordship's deliberations during the recess ; they may deem it wise to produce in the public mind a rooted conviction of the hostility of their Lordships to all salutary reform. Of this, how ever, we are certain, that whatever the decision of their Lordships may be, it will be of more importance to themselves than the nation ; for reforms cannot be prevented ; and if they cannot be obtained in one way they will be obtained in another. The Standard knows, from sad experience, that the Tories cannot stay the march of even " organic reforms." They are on the eve of " a breaking up." We shall see hoiv they will contrive to . hold an opposition together.. The O'Connell vituperation has lived out its day. The: • Tories themselves now laugh in their sleeves at the attempt to mystify the nation by the on-slaught on O'Connell. 'We suppose, as the Tories allege 'Mr. O'Connell has such power over the Ceibi net, they will pretend that Sir Charles Pepys's Venom of office is uncertain, as he •may lay his accour,awith being soon superceded by Mr. 0 Connell, s. /hi' is about as likely as the restoration to office of Lord Lyndhurst. If •we are to credit the reported private commentaries on. Sir. Robert Peel by Om Ex-Ex- - Chancellor, the Ex-Premier on his next ;turn would be as likely to select the "• Irish Agitator" as to con nect himself with that Noble and "Learneal Lord.— Mornbig Chronicle. At length we see some glimmering of hope that law in Ireland will at once put down the force of passive rebellion, and punish the insidious arid cowardly con trivances of a Government whose existence is a libel upon the British nation. Instructions for withholding all assistance by the civil or miUtary power, -whether police or soldiers, from clergym.en seeking the recovery of their tithe, have, it is know, been for a consider able period in operation throughout Ireland. These instructions emanated from the wise Government of which the nominal chiefs, Lords Mulgrave and Mor peth, have been delegated by O'Connell to carry his beneficent designs towards Church and. State into full and effective execution. Well, we know what has happened. The clergy have been in consequence robbed and starved, and the tithe defaulters have fat tened on their sufferings. How ever, after much des . pondency and long endurance, 'the Court of Ex chequer has been resorted to for redress on the part of the unhappy ministers of the Church; and that re dress has been afforded in the forms prescribed by law. However, in the 'enforcement of such forms, the Same demon of disorder which left the poor clergy to their own unaided efforts, when attempting to apply the remedy by civil bill, has not failed tn.obstruct, in a de gree the most alarming, the proofs from th.e Court - of Exchequer. All assistance to serve fm'tipcenas and writs, and to secure the parties arreste.d under them, was denied by police magistrates and +l..eir subaltern officers, and we now present the country with reports of two tithe cases in the Court of Exc. hequer, being applications to-the Court-for penal proceedings against those public functionaries intrusted with the manage ment of the police and military power, who had refused to aid the King's sabjects in executing the decrees of one of his superior Courts, and had ants far manifested .a contempt for the administration of liastice. One of those cases was an application against a respectable and very popular gentlemen, Mr. Otway Cave, M.P. for the county of Tipperary, during . whose absence in England outrages were committed upon persons who had been engaged in serving processes issued against him from the Count of Exchequer for tithe composition at the suit. of the ReV. Thomas Knox, and of the Rev. R. Berkeley Greene. In another suit., " The Venerable Edward D. Knox Malone.," the servers of writs, and i captors of defaWitere, under authority of the .Court of Ex chequer, had been likewise refused assistance ; and it v.ppears. that the object of the application now reported was to ascertain whether " Major Miller, a police magistrate, was to superseda the jurisdiction of the Court ;" or if the Major cauld show that he acted by superior orders, and tires shift the blame upon other shoulders, whether cartain personages of vastly high pretension should net be visited with the displeasure of their Lordship, and the majesty of the la w e • of vindicated at the cost and to the severe mortification those who had degraded the majesty of King Chief e hßaron ' and helped to endanger his Crown. '1 • ice directed an order to eo in the first instal against • blame upea an_ Major Miller—and if he can shift t other, we will grant an fittachment against that per son." How do you hike that, my Lord Viscount Morpeth ? .Suchis always the end of political quackery, and of the laws of a free realm making the subservient t o the jobs o th ese proceedings, We trust ' p rocee dings., w ill be. carefully read.---Times. Two. IleW law appointments and one non-appoint t have titles to the Peerage-roll of threethe isso new islort a time since the Irish uoivtery. a.ddelat Ministerial " Missionary" was sent forth to preach down the House of Lords, that we were rather sur prised on hearing yesterday that Ministers had a ltered their plan as to pulling down the House, and,instead of abating that order of society which O' Connell had begrimed with his foulest epithets, and described as an intolerable nuisance, have resolved to inc rease " Great news, entirely," says a friend of the Ministry,