The Sun. — London, England, 1839-10-29 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. COURT Ciiit-ULAti. WINDSOR, MONDAY.—Her Majesty has not taken ber nand ride in the Park to-day, but the Dowager Lady Lyttelton, Hon. Miss Lyttelton, Hon. Miss Lavinia Lyttelton, Hon. Miss Cocks, Hon. Miss Paget, and Lady Caroline Barrington, have driven out in pony phaetons and carriages. The Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowne, the Earl of Shelburne, and Lady Louisa Fitzmaurice, are expected this evening. Viscount Torrington is like wise expected at the Castle • his Lordship will succeed Discount Falkland as the Lord in Waiting on her Ma jesty. The Review of the troops is still expected to take place. The Princess Augusta took an airing yesterday in a carriage and four. The Marquis and Marchioness of Lansdowne, the Earl of Shelburne, and Lady Louisa Fitzmuurice, left Lansdowne House at four o'clock yesterday afternoon, on a visit to her Majesty at Windsor Castle. Mr. Stevenson, the Minister of the United States, and his Lady, are among the guests of the Earl of Durham at Lambton Castle. They will afterwards go on a visit to the Earl of Zetland, and from thence are expected . to visit the M arqu i s an d M arc hi oness o f W est • 'waster at Eaton Hall. Lord Holland left Holland House, Kensington, yes terday for Windsor Castle. Despatches from Col. Doherty, Governor of Sierra Leone, were received yesterday at the Colonial Office. Lord Holland had a select party at dinner on Sunday, at Holland House, Kensington. The Attorney-General returned to town yesterday, from a visit to his constituents at Edinburgh. THE H OA X ABOUT LORD BROUGLIAM.—Agreeing with the following observations of the Globe, we quote them :—" We also say, the affair cannot be suffered to rest where it is.' The original letter, alleged to have been written by Mr. Shalt° to Mr. Montgomery, and shown by that gentleman to Count D'Orsay, should be suomitted to competent inspection—not only to satisfy public opinion that it was not written by Mr. Shafto, but to afford the means of ascertaining by whom it was." We add that we have no doubt but that every gentleman whose name has been mentioned will most readily give every assistance in his power to discover the author of the hoax. FASHIONABLE INTELLIGEN CE. ARRIVALS. The M.trquis of Titchfield; Lady Downshire ; Lord Hill; the Earl of St. Germain's; the Dowager Countess of Castlestuart; Mr. Arthur Eden; Major-General Wyndham; Mr. and Mrs. Meville and family ; Sir John Herschel; Sir James and Lady Parke; Colonel and Lady Caroline Wood ; Lord Worsley ; B. B. Williams, Esq , 'rid Miss Williams, in Portland-place, from the Lakes of Killarney. DEPARTURES. Lord Ashburton, for Charlton, Devonshire ; Sir Thos. mad Lady Baring, for o ur; r Mr. George and the Hon. Mrs. Price, on a Melton Mowbray; Major and Mrs. Johnstone, for Bath; Sir Alexander and Lady Bannerman, for Aberdeen ; Captain Howard, for Brighton; Captain and the Hon. Mrs. Deans Dundas, for Weymouth ; Captain Brodrick, for Dublin; Mr. and Mrs. Brodie, of Brodie, for the Duchess of Gordon's; the Earl of Caledon, for Caledon Hall, Tyrone; Sir William, Lady, and Miss Dick, for Bath ; Sir William and Lady Heygate, for Leicester shire ; Sir Hyde Parker, on a cruise to the Mediterranean ; Lady and Miss Seymour, on a tour. Compton -place, Eastbourne, and the grounds hitherto attached to the marine mansion of Lord Bur lington, have been let, and it is not expected the Noble Earl will take up his residence here for some time. Mr. and Lady Catherine Cavendish, and Lord Charles Fitzroy, are staying at the mansion of the Hon. Gentle- Man on the East Cliff. Lord Compton met with a serious accident Whilst cub-hunting with the Duke of Grafion's hounds ill Yardley Chase about a fortnight ago. His Lordship was leaping a blind fence, when the horse stum %led, and threw his rider with great violence. Lord Compton Managed to ride to Castle A shby, but for several days was e xceedingly ill ; indeed, at one time it was feared that he had received concussion of the brain. His Lordship is 1 : 10 w gradually proceeding towards recovery.—North coupon Herald. Sir Wm. Follett. M.P., and Lady Follett, have arrived in town, from the Continent. It is with consi derable pleasure we are able to state Sir William to ,have derived ever y p oss ibl e b ene fit f rom hi s t our , an d 'lig health may now be considered to be completely re established. CLIFTON HOT WELLS, OCT. 27.—Arrivals The Lord Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol, Earl of Lovelace, Hon. and Rev. George and Lady Georgiana Neville Grenville, Mr. and Mrs. Towers and family, Ur. and Mrs. Duckett, Messrs. Gough, Russell, De ring, Cowan Cave, Bennett, Misses Cave (2). The Hotel Assembly Rooms having undergone exten sive repairs and alterations, will be opened by a grand ball early next month. The late Duke of Bedford's rent-roll was esti• mated at 250,0001. per annum. His Grace received 4,0 00/. per annum, as ground landlord of Drury-lane and Covent-garden Theatres, and 12,0001. per annum 4 1 proprietor of Covent-garden market. The Earl and Countess of Morley arrived at Saltram, their seat in Devon, at the close of the last Reek, from Bath, where the Noble Earl and Countess made a short stay, from a lengthened visit to the Duke •Devonshire, at Chatsworth. 1 . The younger branches of the family of Lord and 4 ady Francis Egerton arrived at Bridgewater House, ' 4l t evening, from Worsley Hall, Lancashire. Lord ?rancis was at Cadiz when the last letters were received . 1 . 1 :?m his Lord s hip, w ith th e H on . G eorge E ger t on , Viscount Emlyn, and the Hon. J. Stuart Wortley. The Earl and Countess of Wilton sailed from the Tagus, on Friday week, in their yacht for Cadiz, where the Noble Earl intended to stay a few days, and then sail for Naples. Lord Worsl e y h as returne d f rom Gib ra l tar , Wher e his Lordship left the Earl of Yarborough and Sir J. Copley. His Lordship came with Mr. Heneage, ' 31 ., in his yacht the Sparrowhawk, and landed at the Isle of Wight. The Earl and Countess of Chesterfield do not 'etend passing the winter on the Continent, as was ex- Pected, but will reside at the Earl's hunting lodge during the season. Tile Duke of Leinster (who, it is understood, is to have the Garter, vacant by the death of the Duke of Bedford) is constructing, after his own design, an ad ditional wing to his splendid seat, Carton House, which is to be completed in the spring of the ensuing year, when his Grace's heir, the Marquis of Kildare, will Foam of age, and a seri es o f b r illi ant f etes ta k e p l ace in hon our o the event. It is rumoured that the Marquis of Breadalbane 1 8 to be appointed Lord Lieutenant of Argyllshire, va cant by the demise of the Duke of Argyll. Prince de Beauvau, Count Adolphe Hamal, and suites,y left the Brunswi c k H o t e l, J erm y n - s t ree t, yes , terd a - , returning to Paris by Antwerp, where they are t j ° meet several of their f e ll ow mem b ers o f th e F renc h 2eiceY Club, who are at present on a tour in Bel m•Prince de Beauvau and his friends have been :Newmarket (where the former experienced a severe all ,. from his horse), and at several other places of 'racing celebrity, to purchase horses for their studs. Z 4 z r oll de Knyff and other members of the club lately 1 -B `drog at the same hotel, have been here on a simi- O r errand, and AI. Achille Fould, the opulent banker, r*Otlier of the Member of the Chamber of Deputies, 1 4 4 now remaining here in quest of hunters and racers of all caste. e rhe Earl and Countess of Durham have been et tertaini ng , s i nce th e arr i va l o f t h e D u k e of Sussex, a ELarabton Castle, the Marchioness of Normanby, his xcelle ncy t h e A mer i can Mi n i ster an d M rs . S tevenso n, Earl and Countess Grey, Mr. Chas. Buller, M.P., the oOn• Edw ar d Ellice, the Bi s h o p o f Durham, &c. her distinguished visitors were expected in the course the week. The E ar l an d C o untess of T an k erv ill e w ill re arro to t own on F r id ay nex t. Th e E ar l an d C ountess at present on a visit to Earl Grey, at Howick The Earl of Surrey, Lord Treasurer of the ° olehold, an d L or d Fitzalan, arrived at Arundel Castle,li on Frid a y l as t, to do duty with the Arundel and amber troop of yeomanry cavalry. CHATS WORTH.—Their Royal Highnesses the ob uKe and Duchess of Cambridge and Princess Au 7"sta of Cambridge, attended by Baron Knesebeck and i i j e , Hon Miss Kerr, after a visit of eight days to the Earl of Devonshire, left on Monday for the seat of' the a apt Howe in Leicestershire to meet the Queen Dow tig,:rL A distinguished party had assembled here during , t ; i 7 il it of their Royal Highnesses, including Prince d er T‘ azY, Countess of Jersey, Dowager Lady Caw- H' "'"iager Lady Newburgh, Lord Calthorpe, the on, n , `loorge and Lady Louisa Cavendish, the Hon. v. kiavendish, Mr. and Lady Georgiana Fullerto k-,:tount Burgbersh, Lady Fanny Howard, Earl aid i' cui la ,! tesa of Burlington, Countess Cowper and Lady e 11)4" 7 Cowper, Count Potocki, &c. On Sunday t and Duchess and Princess Augusta of Cam ito• with the Duke of Devonshire, Countess of b. "en, and several of the guests staying here, attended U l 'int. l Servi ce at Ed ensor Ch urc h, w h e n his Grace's h4 Plaity the Rev. Archdeacon Hodgson, preached. th:i th e 8164' eding day the Duke of Devonshire, with er e Roy a l Hi g h nesses P r i nce E ster h azy , Countess of d!°Y, tce. Visited Hardwick Hall, another seat of the ow e Duke oxe in this county. The party returned to /I, e r in the evening, The remaining days have been tn c ie t q in the beautiful grourAs belonging to this princely a ) e . • 1 1 4 A j!l 3 rdlllg to the L e ip s ic Gazelle, Prince th e l ' em' Muskau has been left sole heir and legatee of of h :!'te Lady Esther Stanhope, and is about to dispose yr Property. T - 6. A T ?„. ORIENTAL ANNUAL, Tilt, London, 1839. There is not only much amusement, but much sterling information also contained in this Annual, whose editor, a gentleman named Bacon, has been careful to furnish us with many curious details respecting a portion of India as yet but little known to Europeans; while at the same time he has en livened his volume by highly-seasoned tales and wild traditionary legends, so that it may not wear too staid and weighty a character, but suit the tastes of all classes of readers. The plates, which are numerous, are for the most part finished in a superior style, and if they really be, what they pro fess to be, drawn from actual existence, and not mere fancy sketches, the architectural ruins scat tered about northern India, must be among the most majestic and extensive in the world. Those, in particular, in the neighbourhood of Delhi, once the flourishing capital of the Mogul empire, are such as cannot be looked upon without admiration. Here we find grandeur combined with simplicity, and not unfrequently an admixture of all the forms of architecture, yet so dexterously contrived, as not to shock the eye of taste, or even the most fastidious stickler for harmony of proportion. " Shrine of Reiman Shah Doolah," which is situated in the environs of the ancient city of Elichpoor, represents a magnificent building rising direct from the banks of a broad- stream, at whose base thousands of pilgrims are stationed, guarded by large bodies of nat►ve troops, whose chiefs are mounted on splendidly-caparisoned elephants. The details of this engraving are wrought out with consummate skill and attention, and teem with animation ; though were we inclined to be hypercritical, we might object perhaps that the sky which overhangs the landscape, wears rather a European, than an Oriental aspect. " Baoli, and Remains of Jehan ghir's Palace" is one of the most imposing ruins at Delhi, in which we fancy we can detect some traces of the rich Saracenic architecture. " Near Boor hanpoor" is a rueged and picturesque mountain landscape, with the ruins of a castellated building in the foreground. We have selected the best of the Plates, but there are several others worthy of more attention than we can afford to bestow on them. IIND EN' S TABLEAUX. Tilt, London , 1839. Miss Mitford is the editor of this showy quarto Annual, and contributes a prose tale or two to its pages, though we would much rather that she should have given us another of those fresh, lively, sylvan sketches which formed the principal attrac tion of her " Belford Regis." The " King's Page" is, we conclude, from the pen of this lady ; it is a neatly told anecdote of one of Frederick of Prussia's favourite Court Pages, whom he impri soned ill a momentary fit of spleen and distrust, and liberated with breathless haste, on discovering that his suspicions were groundless. By means of easy and pointed dialogue this anecdote slender as it is, is rendered very interesting. Miss Barrett, one of the most promising young poets of the day, challenges our admiration by the " Legend of the Brown Rosary," which, in the quaint style of its versification, reminds us of Southey's ballads, and exhibits a wild luxuriance of fancy worthy almost of the author of the " Ancient Mariner." The fourth part (which is the best) of this Legend is full of the most touching feminine sensibility. The "Maid's Trial," which the author, Mr. Chorley, calls a sea-tale, is just passable—nothing more. " Venice" is a poem from the pen of Barry Corn wall. It contains one or two pleasing passages, but as a whole, it is ineffective, chiefly because it is too much made up of the ordinary common-places of verse. The " Fetches" is a dramatic sketch, by Mr. Horne, who states that the popular super stition on which the piece is found, is German, but, if we mistake not, it is of Irish origin, and has been turned to excellent account by Banim, in one of his Tales of the O'Hara Family. Of the various plates illustrative of the prose and verse of this volume, we may speak in terms of deserved praise, especially of the ingenious device of the little groupes of figures round them, " each of which," as the Editor observes in his preface, " illustrates t)ine point of the story, and is so arranged as to form a framework round the centre figures." THE BROUGHAM MYSTERY. (From the ilforning Post.) The following letter from Mr. Alfred Montgomery, with its inclosure, reached us last night : TO THE EDITOR OF THE MORNING POST. Fern Hill, Windsor, Oct. 28, 1839. SIR— I beg leave to inclose a copy of the letter which I received on Monday, the 21st instant, and which I showed to Count D'Orsay about an hour after it reached me, and afterwards to Lord Uxbridge, whom I met by accident on my way to Fern Hill. As the letter bears the post-mark of " Penrith," and as I was not at that time acquainted with Mr. Shafto's handwriting, I never for an instant doubted the authen ticity of the letter ; and I remained under the painful impression of Lord Brougham's death until the follow ing afternoon, when I was relieved by receiving at Fern Hill a letter from Lord Brougham himself.: I have since seen several letters written by Mr. Shafto, the writing of which is entirely different from that which I received on the 21st instant.—l have the honour to be, Sir, your most obedient humble servant, ALFRED MONTGOMERY. Brougham, October 19, 1839. Dear Alfred,—l have but just time to send you a line to tell you of a terrible accident which happened here to-day, and has almost bewildered me. We were going to see an old castle when the carriage, a horrid old thing from the inn, broke down, the splinter bar and axle being completely worn through ; and after being dragged some way on were dashed into the ditch. I escaped ; but Lord Brougham was kicked by one of the horses, and being stunned by the kick could not get away from the carriage, which fell on him, and crushed his head. He died on the spot. Leader is so injured from his fall that he can scarcely survive. Leonard is away shooting, and I am in a shocking state—alone in the house, and scarcely know what to do. I send you this that you may tell Lord Wellesley.—Yours, truly, R. SHAFTO. To Alfred Montgomery, Esq., Kingston-house, Knightsbridge, London. SPORTING IN T ELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET HOUGHTON MEETING.—MoNnaY. The Cambridgeshire Stakes of 25 Love each, 10 ft, and et.ly 5 if declared, &c., with 100 cove added by the inhabitants of Newmarket and the neighbourhood. The last mile and a distance of B.C. The winner of the Czarovitch to have carried 7lbs extra. 55 subs, 21 of whom declared : Mr. Ramsay's Lanercost, 4 yrs, bst 91b (Noble) 1 Mr. Bowes's Hetman Platoff, 3 yrs, 7st 121 b Mr. Bowes's Mickleton Maid, 3 yrs, sst 121 b 3 The following also started, but were not placed :—Mr. Howe's Sea wander, 5 yrs, 7st 121 b ; M r . W a tt s 's Cara, 3 yrs, 7st 91b ; Mr. Wilson's Quicksilver, 5 yrs, 7st 61b ; Lord Eglin ton's eh f Opera, 4 yrs, ist 31b ; Lord Exeter s Bosphorus, 3 yrs, 6st 91b ; 3lr. W. Graydon's b c Roscius, 3 yrs, 6st 81b ; Alr. Forth's f by Merchant, out of Turquoise, 3 yrs, Est 41b ; Duke of Rutland's b f Revoke, 3 yrs, 7st 101 b ; and Mr. J. Day's Science, 3 yrs, sst 91b. Betting-9 to 4 agst Mickleton Maid-5 to agst Hetman Platoff-9 to 2 agst Lanorcost Bto 1 agst Opera-100 to 7 agst Science (taken)-20 to 1 agst Scamander-20 to 1 agst Bosphorus-20 to 1 agst Roscius -20 to 1 agst Turquoise filly. Won by a length. The Criterion Stakes of 30 sons. each, 20 ft, for two-yr-olds, colts, Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 51b ; a winner ef the July, Clear well, or Prendergast Stakes, 71bs, or of any two of those, 91bs. extra ; all other winners previous to the clay ofrunning, 21bs extra ; the second to save his stake. From the turn of the lands in. 44 subs. Lord G. Bentinck's b f Crucifix (J. Day, jun. ) 0 General Yate's b e Gibraltar, Brother to Tarick 0 The following also staved :—Lord Albemarle's Olive Branch —Lord G. Bentinck's gr c Grey Milton —Lord G. Bentinck's ch c Capote—Lord Exeter's Brother to Alemdar—Mr. Great rex's b f Pocahontas—Mr. Wadeson's c by Buzzard, out. of Margaret—Colonel Peel's ro c by Augustus, out of Constantia. Betting-3 to lon Crucifix (taken)-8 to 1 agst Gibraltar— and 10 to 1 agst Grey Milton. The first a dead heat between Crucifix and Gibraltar, when they divided the stakes between them, and the former walked over. Handicap Sweepstakes of 25 sovs. each, for tbree-yr-olds and upwards. D.M. (Four Subs. ) Duke of Rutland's Flambeau, 3 yrs Bst 71b......( Robinson) Coionel Peel's I-am-not-Aware, 4 yrs, Bst 21b 2 Lord Aliltown's Medea, 3 yrs, Bst 41b 3 6 to 5 on Flambeau, who won by a length. Colonel An;on's Zimmerman received from Lord Suffield's Vet non, Bst 71b each, 100 h ft. • UNIVERSITY OF LONDON. MATRICUL ATION. —EXAMINATIONS FOR HONOURS, OCTOBER, 1839. Of those students who lately matriculated, and who are permitted by the regulations of the University to compete for honour ; the foll ow i ng h ave passed with distinction the Examination in Mathematics and Natural Philosophy, and are arranged according to their profi ciency in those subjects ;—Todhunter ; Jesse! ; Newth ; Fox and Levy equal ; all of University College. The Examiners have awarded th e exhibition to Mr. . Todhunter, he having, their o pi n i on, evinced suffi cient merit to be entitled to it. The following are the successful candidates for honours in the classics. They are bracketted together alphabe tically, the Examiners being of opinion that tiler,: was no decided difference in merit between them. Ellis—University College. Jones—King's College. Martineau—University College. The Examiners consider these gentlemen entitled to have the Exhibition divided among them. TER SUN, LONDON. TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 1839. AST jiiiiN LA,IebEI,..L, A! ELLIN6Cii.Gri. Thursday, Sir John Campbell, her Majesty's Attor ney-General, and Member of Parliament for the city of Edinburgh, was entertained at a public breakfast in Barry's British Hotel, Queen -street, by a number of his constituents. About one hundred and forty gentlemen assembled on the occasion ; and the Lord Provost pre sided, being supported on the right by the Attorney- General, the Solicitor-General for Scotland, Bailie Ram say, Professor Wallace, &c. ; and on the left by Sir J. Gibson Craig, Sir James Spittal, Sir John Graham Daiyell, &c. After breakfast, The LORD PROVOST rose and said, he regretted that owing to the hurried nature of the visit, and the short ness of the stay which Sir John Campbell could make, it was not in the power of the electors to receive him in the way in which it had hitherto been customary to re ceive their representatives in Parliament—(Cheers) — and the same reason prevented Sir John from waiting on his constituents individually. He had, therefore, agreed to meet them here ; and it was gratifying to see so many gentlemen present on this occasion. Break fast though it was, he (the Lord Provost) begged to propose that the company should drink the health of her Majesty, to whom they owed so much for her ad mirable firmness at a great crisis—who had stamped the seal of her approbation on an independent and Liberal Government ; and he was sure the country would stand by her and give her the support to which she was so well entitled.—The toast was drank with all the honours. The LORD PROVOST-4 now beg to propose the health of our esteemed guest on my right hand.—(Ap plause.) Since he was last among us there has not been many measures of public interest carried, but I must say, that during all this time he has devoted his talents to the discharge of professional duty, honourable to himself, and useful to the country ; and he has been constantly and conscientiously discharging his duties in Parliament as our representative. The Government did not effect so much during the last session as we could have wished them to accomplish, but we must re collect the obstacles they have had to encounter ; that they had against them the majority in the House of Peers,—a majority anxious to thwart all the wishes of the Ministry, and to bring back the Tories to power. They had also to contend with a minority—a very great minority—in the House of Commons ;—great not in consequence of any reaction in political feeling in the great constituencies of the empire—not from any change in public principles, but by the united ex ertions of the Tories, strengthened by the strenuous efforts of wealth and rank swamping the feelings of the free constituencies of the empire, they were able to return Tory representatives. But, as has been well observed, if the Ministry have done nothing else, they have at least kept the Tories out of office.— (Hear, hear.) If the Tories had been in office, what would have been the consequence ? What would have been the fate of unhappy Ireland ? Would we not have had the scenes of 1798 reacted ? In this country, where fears of Chartism prevailed, the same measures would have been proposed as Mr. Pitt adopted in 1794. The scaffold,—transportation,—imprisonment, —world have been the lot of all who dared to differ from the Go vernment. Ministers were wiser, and endeavoured to leave the good sense of the country to operate. They did not check Chartism by force, but left it to the people to consider the nature of the addresses that were delivered to thetis ; and by that means the power of the Chartists had vanished like smoke.— (Cheers.) In this matter the Goverment were guided by the prudent counsels of my Right Honourable Friend. Much had, indeed, been entrusted to him in the manage ment of these affairs, and he had the merit of having restored peace and tranquillity to the country.—(Great cheering.) And while thus giving aid to the Govern ment, he had not been neglectful of the local interests of the city. He had taken great interest in a subject which was of much importance to the city,—the con stitution and management of the affairs of the charity workhouse ; and I have requested his attendance at various meetings, not merely as to that charity, but as to the marshes around us, which are such a disgrace to the city.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) To effect a remedy for all these grievances, he is willing to lend us the aid of his experience and influence. In conclusion, I feel perfectly satisfied that, while our esteemed represen tative attends to the general interests of the State, he will never neglect our local interests—(Applause)—and beg you will drink the health of our guest, the Right Honourable Sir John Campbell.—(Much cheering.) Sir JOHN CAMPBELL rose and was received with loud cheers. He said, I beg to return you my warmest thanks for the honour which you have conferred upon me—which it is most gratifying to me to receive from such a numerous and respectable assemblage of the elec •ors of Edinburgh. I should be totally devoid of feel ing if I were not sensibly touched by the kindness which you have expressed towards me. I have ever considered it the greatest felicity of my life that I was elected the representative of the metropolis of my native country— and to retain your good opinion must ever be my highest ambition.—(Cheers.) There was no occasion for an apology from the Lord Provost, as to the nature of the entertainment to which I have been invited—for a Scotch breakfast is celebrated all over the world.—(Laughter.) Even Dr. Johnson, no great admirer of Scotland, ad mitted that the breakfasts in Scotland were the best he ever tasted. And, I must say, to the credit of Mr. Barry, that the breakfast of this day does fully support the honour of Scotland in that distinguished meal.— (Laughter and cheers.) The Lcird Provost has kindly expressed his approbation of the Government of which lam a member. I can only say that, amidst the many difficulties with which her Majesty's present Ministers have been surrounded, I believe that their utmost efforts have ever been, and will continue to be, directed to promote the good of their country. I believe that the empire, since I last had the honour of appearing among my constituents, notwithstanding the obstacles encountered, has been governed with mildness and with firmness.—(Cheers.) Peace has been preserved with all the world, and, I trust, without any loss to the national dignity of Britain —(Cheers.) The Lord Provost has referred to a subject which certainly threw great responsibility upon me, namely, the alarming symptoms which prevailed in various parts of Great Britain, from the schemes of great bodies of people calling themselves Chartists. That was a period of great alarm. The doctrines which they disseminated were certainly destructive to the rights of property and to social order. Their meetings assumed a formidable aspect. The question was, How shall peace be pre served, and the law enforced ? An awful responsi bility was cast upon me, for it was by my advice on this subject that the councils of the Government were to be regulated.—(Cheers.) For a time great reproach was cast upon me. Some said we must have new laws of a coercive nature ; a new system has sprung up in the country for which the old laws were utterly inade quate. Others said we must call in force to put down their meetings —we must call in the assistance of the military, and crnsh those who seek to disturb the public tranquillity. I thought it would be wiser to pursue a different course—to trust to the good sense of the people of Great Britain, and to trust to the old common taw of the land.—(Cheers.) I introduced no new co. ercive measure into Parliament—l gave no countenance to the employment of military force. Prosecutions were instituted according to the established course of legal proceeding ; and I may state that, without a single ex ception, these prosecutions, wherever they were insti tuted, have, by the verdicts of juries succeeded.— (Cheers.) Juries have done their duty, as they always do, when confidence is reposed in them ; and the con sequence has been that, without a single drop of blood being spilt, tranquillity has been restored.— (Cheers.) I trust that the advice which I gave to proceed with forbearance, with firmness, with moderation, will meet with your approbation— and that you will not think it was wrong, even when the capital convictions were obtained, that the mercy of the Crown should interpose to save the crimi nals from that fate which must otherwise have over taken them.—(Loud cheers.) We have been taunted g b r y ace ou f r rom o pp t h o e n m e s ,—T h a a n t d w e I h m a u v s e t d s e a n y e with aa t n a g very ill he way of legislation. Now from whom do these taunts come ? Why, from those very men who prevented all further improvement in our institutions, by the most determined resolution,—as far as their influence ex tends,—that legislation should not proceed at all.— They first mar our measures ; and then complain that measures have not been carried into effect, by which our institutions might be improved. Really those who hold such language,—the leaders of the Tory party,—who bring these charges against us, seem to be persons who should first massacre our children, and then taunt us with being childless.—(Laugh ter.) Measures were brought into the House of Com mons, but which did not make any great progress on account of the opposition they met with. There was a long list of Bills which actually passed the House of Commons, and which were sent to the House of Lords. and what became of them there ? Why, they were smashed by those very men who at the end of the session, say that the Government have done nothing. I shall just mention to you, by way of specimen one or two of those Bills. There was first, a Bill for the im provement of the Court of Admiralty in England. It never came back to the House of Commons ; but it was rejected by those who now say that the Go vernment has done nothing for the improvement of the country. There was another Bill, in which Edinburgh was interested, and to which, from local as well as from public considerations, I gave my warmest support. It was a Bill to allow bonded warehouses to be established in towns which were not sea-ports. Edinburgh is not a sea, port ; for its har bour does not happen to come up to the Cowgate or the Grassmarket—(Laughter)—and, therefore, it is without the benefit of the bonded system. The Bill passed the House of Commons, which would have materially assisted the commerce of the city, and of various other towns thrcughout the empire, such as Manchester, Birmingham, and several other towns. But that Bill had been rejected by those who now com plain that the Government has done nothing. There was another Bill in which the whole community were of Cot aien a 'ea eee s eTie elieeeed dences during the yea r , and had , taken other premises of equal value, still to enjoy the franchise. A more enor mous grievance it is not possible to eyiention, than for a voter, who moves from one side of the street to another, or even from one flat of a house to another, and occupies premises perhaps more valu able than those which he has left, to lose his vote. I felt this grievance very seriously the first time I had the honour to appear amongst you as a candidate ; and I then made an offer that no objection should be made to those voters who had changed their residences, but to allow every person whose name was on the regi ster to vote. That offer was not acceded to on the other side ; for, from some reason which I have never been able to comprehend, the Tories have always been opposed to any improvement in the Reform Bill. I introduced a measure into the House of Commons to remedy this grievance, which was passed, but was lost elsewhere. Last session a similar Bill was intro duced ; it went to the Lords, and then it was rejected ; so that the grievance continues still unredressed, and thousands of electors are disfranchised, and cannot be enrolled for more than a twelvemonth afterwards. These was another Bill which passed the Commons by a large majority, which is, unfortunately not the law of the land—l allude to the Irish Municipal Corporation Bill, which would have done justice to Ireland, and car ried to that country the system of reformed corporations, which have proved so advantageous in England, and so beneficial in Scotland. The Bill passed the House of Commons by a large majority ; and so self-evident were the principles on which it was framed, that it was supported by a considerable section of those who usually oppose the Whig Government, and vote with the Tories. Elsewhere what was its fate ? It was not rejected, but it was sent back in a shape in which it could not be passed. Among other things, the franchise was raised to a pitch which was an insult to Ireland. The Bill came back so mutilated, that I think you will be of opinion Lord John Russell did right to move that the amendment be taken into consideration that day three months.—(Cheers.) In spite of these efforts of our opponents, I must state, if you look to the last Session, you will find that more has been done than in any two or three Parliaments, when the Tories, who taunt us in this manner, were themselves actually in power. With re spect to this part of the United Kingdom, there have been passed measures of great importance. The Bank rupt Bill will be of important advantage to the com mercial interests of the community.—(Loud cheers, ) Then there is a bill of more importance, because it takes away from Scotland a reproach to which she has long been subjected—l mean the Prisons Bill.—(Cheers.) The state of the prisons of Scotland has long been a re proach to our native land. That reproach is now re moved, and the Bill which has been passed will, I hope, have a salutary effect of repressing crime and reforming offenders. Another Bill has been passed for the better administration of justice in the Supreme Court,—for expediting the judicial business, and for rendering it more rapid and economical. These things, I hope, will not be forgotten, and they will always afford in Scot land some little consolation to those who feel keenly the disappointment that more was not done. Mea sures of mere general interest to the country have also been carried in the last Session of Parliament. There is that glorious vote of the House of Commons,—which the Lords could not deleat,—the grant for education.— (Loud and long continued cheering.) I rejoice in that applause. It is what I should have expected from an assemblage of Scotsmen, whose boast has ever been that they encourage education,—that they are not afraid of the lower orders being enlightened, and who know that the consequences of education have invariably been industry, good conduct, and respect for the law.-- (Loud cheers.) It is false to say that in that vote there was any disrespect for religion. I hope all present are aware that, if I had conceived that the measure had the most remote tendency to such a result, I should have viewed it with the utmost alarm. That plan had no such tendency. It opened, it is true, to the members of all religious persuasions, the means of intellectual improvement, while leaving to all the power and affording the means of religious instruc tion. There is another measure of great general hn portence, of which lam sure you will approve-1 mean the Bill for putting an end to the foreign slave trade. The Bill gives her Majesty's cruisers full power to visit the ships engaged in this traffic—to treat them as pirates, and so to redeem human nature from the foul stain cast upon it by the long-continued traffic in blood. —(Loud cheers.) There is another measure which of itself, in former times, would have been enough to make the last session of Parliament memorable, and to fix the minds of the people on it with grateful recollec tion. I mean the Penny Postage Act.—(Loud and long continued cheering.) That glorious measure has been carried, the importance of which it is impossible to cal culate, and I am happy to think that the efforts of the citizens of Edinburgh contributed to this glorious result. I was infinitely delighted when, night after night, I had the honour to present petitions, not only from the Lord Provost and Magistrates, the Merchant Company, and every other public body in this metropolis, but alim &Om a vast number of private individuals, sill eager to express their opinion as to the importance of this measure. Armed with these authorities, I not only expressed my opi nion in favour of the measure, but I had the honour to attend a deputation on the subject to the Prime Mi nister and the Chancellor of th e Exchequer, at a time when the Government, not being exactly aware of the consequences to the revenue, and not exactly knowing the wishes and feelings of the people, still hesitated I expressed, i n t h e strongest terms, to Lord Mel (bi u o o c u ni og r n n f e , they theour Government a iel n ren i s r m n n iei u na s dt f t c e o o e ii gd yield,e roai b 'by he e inhabitants of Edinburgh on thi s su bj ect. I believe that the expres sthat it wa s a sa f e and salutary measure, Whether we convincing influence them in i regard commer c i a l, i nte l lectual, or social improvement, it is hardly p oss ibl e to anticipate what the conse quences of th e measure will be. It will not be con ferred on Gr ea t B r i ta i n and Irela n d a lo ne , for we teach the nations h ow to li ve and how to govern ; and I have little doubt, th a t b e f ore many years elapse, the system will be adopted b y every civilized nation on the face of the globe.—(Ch eers. ) The consequences will be, that mankind will t h en form one great family—time and distance will th en b e annihilated, and there will be a constant and rap id communication of thought, and a constant and cer t a i n i nterchange of good-will, bar_ t l ninny, and affection, among the various tribes of man kind. What may happen* to the present Government it is impossible to anticipate. Amidst the clouds that darken the prospect, there is some blue sky, and, as Chartism has already passed away, I am not without hope that the system whitth has been fostered among us of late, of religious intoi!erance, and jealousy of every free institution, may likewise pass away—that the peo ple of this enlightened country may be convinced, that if a just medium can be preserved, it is better than either despotism or licentiousness ; and they may come to the conclusion, that it is better to be contented with what is attainable than to struggle after impossibilities. —(Cheers.) But, if it should be otherwise—if the majority of the people of this country will adhere to religious intolerance, and are determined to put dowel, as far as in them lies, all liberal institutions, the experi ment must he tried ; then e must be a change of Govern ment ; the will of the majority ought to .prevail:' (Cheers.) The experim ent may be made, and then the people will judge by experience whether they have done well to discard a Go vernment which has conferred so many benefits on the community, and to, abandon the authors of those measures merely, beettnse they have not accona plished all that ..some enthusiasts think desirable .—(Great cheering.) •My own view is, that this v could be an unfavourable change for the country—ln y own opinion is, that the Government which now e: iists would then be loudly praised and deeply lenient( el by many who now give it a lukewarm support —m y own opinion is, that the faults which are imputed to it would be forgotten, and its merits, perhaps, amplifie d and exaggerated. But I apprehend it is better to sue port the Government while it stands, than to lament it s fall.—(Cheers.) A little earnest and strenuous exerti on on behalf of a Liberal Minister would be much t nore satisfactory than the roost laboured panegyric afi er he has ceased to govern. —(Laughter and cheers.) I can only say, for my own part, that I shall continue, to the best of my abilities, to discharge my duty as your representative. The Lord Provost has mentic !tied various local affairs in which I feel a most live! y interest, and to which 1 shall devote myself with the greatest earnestness. The marshes—(Cheers)—are c ertainly a reproach to this splendid city. I hope s shall h ave a marsh re form, and even the Torie s: will not think this change ought to be lamented.— - (Laughter and cheers.) I shall exert myself to the I jest of my ability to concur with, or to suggest any ir ieasure which may have this salutary tendency. I co nclude by thanking you for the great kindness which you have shown me. I can assure you that I care little, so far as 1 am personally concerned, whether I am iii t office or out of office, but I do feel the most lively de si re to retain your good opinion. —(Loud cheers.) I am indif f erent whether I occupy a public situation of any description beyond that of being representative of the me a-opolis of my native land.— (Cheers). It would, hid! !ed, be a deep blow to me if I should forfeit that confidence which you once reposed in me. I see as yet, no ground for apprehending that that calamity is in store for me ; I meet nothing but kindness and cordiality I wherever I go. — (Cheers). 1 had the honour of makin g round of visits yesterday to the Conveners of the d i3t rict committees, and I was uniformly received with the !,:reatest cordiality. These marks of your approbation I , tre the best incentives for me to persevere in the conduct which you have ap proved ; and I conclude by 3 gain most earnestly thank ing you for the honour whit 12 you have conferred upon me, and by wishing- health, happiness, and prosperity to the electors of Edinburgh --(Loud cheers.) The Lord PROVOST again rose and said, the toast he was now about to propo: needed no eulogium nor eloquence of his to recommei td it to the meeting. He had already had the honour of proposing the health of their distinguished represent alive ; for they were in the unfortunate position at pi' esent of having only one Member to the Commons' [louse of Parliament. But tl.ey bad latc.ly enjoyed the servic,s of a distinguished 5;;.4.,,i0L3-1 and he hoped that ere long they would again be enabled to return that distinguished i n di v id ua l as their representative.—(Loud cneers.) He need not tell them that he meant to pro- II pose the health of the Right Hon. Thomas Babington Macaulay,—(Loud cheering.) It was a proud reflec tion to the electors of Edinburgh, that the objects of their choice bad been so often selected to fill important situations in the Government of the empire. That spoke loudly for the discrimination and judgment of the electors of Edinburgh, and he was sure there could be but one opinion, that in choosing Mr. Macaulay they had done honour to themselves, and conferred an important boon on their native country. The. Right Hon, Gentleman was distinguished by splen did eloquence, by great force of talents, and by inte grity of character. During his short stay amongst us, he acquired the confidence and esteem of the whole community, opponents, as well as friends, to his ge neral politics. He has now become a member of her Majesty's Government ; and be (the Lord Provost) was sure that his talents and character would be an acquisition to any Administration ; and his joining the Government was the surest pledge the meeting could possess of the steady patriotism and genuine reforming tendencies of the present Administration.—(Loud cheers.) His Lordship concluded by proposing the health of Mr. Macaulay, which was warmly responded to by the meeting. Sir JAMES GIBSON CRAIG then rose, and was re ceived with loud and repeated cheering, by which he appeared to be much affected. He said, before the meeting closes, I am sure that you will all join me in drinking the health of the Lord Provost, not merely for his conduct in the chair—not so much for having done us the honour to preside at this meeting, held to express our thanks to our excellent Representative for his conduct in Parliament—not so much even for his conduct as Lord Provost, in watching over the interests of the city—bat particularly for the way in which, during a long course of life, he had advocated those principles of independence and liberality which have raised this country to its present high rank among the nations of the world.—(Loud cheers.) The toast was drank with every demonstration of cor diality ; and his Lordship having returned thanks, the meeting separated. ACCUMULATION, PROPERTY, CAPITAL, AND CREDIT. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) SECOND ARTICLE. We lately gave to our readers that part of Mr. Everett's address which treated of Accumulation and Property ; which was in plain but forcible language, and well suited for an assembly whose time had been pre viously spent in acquiring knowledge calculated to make them useful citizens, as merchants and manu facturers; and we hope the subject is so clearly ex plained as to suit the capacity of every workman in our land. We subjoin extracts from his Address on Capital, which we hope will give equal satisfaction and information to our readers as it has done to us : " 111. It is usual to give the name of capital to those accumulations of property which are employed in carrying on the commercial, manufacturing, as well as the other business operations of the community. The remarks already made will enable us to judge, in some degree, of the reasonableness of those prejudices which are occasionally awakened at the sound of this word. Capital is property which a man has acquired by his in dustry, or has, under the law of the land, become pos sessed of in some other way ; and which is invested by him in that form, and employed in that manner, which best suit his education, ability, and taste. It is an ac cumulation of the wages and profits of labour. No particular amount of property constitutes capital. In a highly prosperous community the capital of one man, like Mr. Rothschild, at London, or of Stephen Girard,* at Philadelphia, may amount to one or tyro millions the capital of his neighbour may not exceed as many pounds. In fact, one of these two extraordary men, and the father of the other, passed from one extreme to the other in this scale of prosperity ; and the same law which protected their little pittance at the outset, pro tected the millions amassed by their perseverance, in dustry, and talent. " Considering capital as the mainspring of the busi ness operations of civilized society—as that which, dif fused in proportionate masses, is the material on which enterprise works, and with which industry performs its wonders, equally necessary for the construction of a row-boat and an Indiaman ; a pair of shoes and a rail road—l have, therefore, been at some loss to account for the odium which at times has been attempted to be cast on capitalists as a class ; and particularly for the contrast in which capital has been placed with labour, to the advantageous employment of which it is abso lutely essential. Capital and labour only differ in degree. " I hive supposed that some part of this prejudice may arise from the traditions of other times, and the in stitutions of other countries. The roots of opinion run deep into the past. The great mass of property in Europe at the present day, even in England, is landed property. This property was much of it wrested from its original owners by the ancestors of its present pos sessors, who overran the countries with military vio lence, and despoiled the inhabitants of their possessions ; or still worse, compelled them to labour as slaves on the land they had once owned and tilled as free men. It is impossible that an hereditary bitterness amongst the aristocracy should not have sprung out of this rela tion, never to be mitigated, particularly where the political institutions of society remain upon a feudal basis. But, amongst artizans and workmen, who find themselves oppressed and taxed out of all proportion by that same aristocracy, I could not have expected that such a prejudice should exist, and I hope that a little time and further information will remove that unjust prejudice from the minds of the working classes. We know from history that after the Norman invasion the Saxon peasantry, reduced to slavery, were compelled to wear iron collars about their necks, like dogs, with the names of their masters inscribed upon them. At what subsequent period, from that time to this, has any thing occurred to alleviate the feelings growing out of these events? Such an origin of the great mass of the property must place its proprietors in some such relation to the rest of the community, as that which exists in the Ottoman empire, and may have contributed to produce an heriditary hostility on the part of the poor toward the rich, among thousands who know not the origin of the feeling. " It is obvious that the origin of free political commu nities, and the organization of society in free countries, furnish no basis for a prejudice of this kind against capital. This wealth of the manufacturer may be traced back to industry and frugality ; the paths which lead to it are open to all ; the laws which pro tect it arc equal to all ; and such is the joint opera tion of the law, and the customs of society, that the wheel of fortune is in constant revolution, and the poor in one generation furnish the rich of the next. We will not by this compromise the fact that in Eng land, more than in any other country, the poor are taxed more than the rich—of that by and by. The rich man, who treats poverty with arrogance and con tempt, tramples upon the ashes of his father or his grandfather ; the poor man who nourishes feelings of unkindness and bitterness against wealth makes war with the prospects of his children and the order of things in which halives.. A moment's consideration will show the unreason ableness of the prejudice against capital, for it will show that it is the great instrument of the business move ments of society. Without it there can be no exercise on a large scale of farming, or of the mechanic arts, no manufactures, no private improvements, no public en terprises of utility, no domestic exchanges, no foreign co mmerce. For all these purposes a twofold use of capital is needed. It is necessary that a great many persons should have a portion of capital ; as, for instance, that the fisherman should have his boat ; the husbandman his farm, his buildings, his implements of husbandry, and his cattle ; the mechanic his shop and his tools ; the merchant his stock in trade. But these small masses of capital are not alone sufficient for the highest degree of prosperity. Larger accumulations are wanted to to keep the smaller capitals in steady movement, and to circulate their products. If manufactures are to flourish, a very great outlay in wages, in buildings, fixtures, machinery, and power is necessary. If inter nal intercourse is to diffuse its inestimable moral, so cial, and economical blessings through the land, canals, railroads, and steam-boats, are to be had and em ployed and constructed at vast expense. To effect these objects, capital must go forth like a mighty genius, bidding the mountains to bow their heads and the valleys to rise, the crooked places to be straight, and the rough places plain. If agriculture is to be per fected, experiments in husbandry must be insti tuted by those who are able to advance, and can afford to lose the funds which are required for the purpose. Commerce, on a large scale, cannot flourish without re sources adequate to the construction of large vessels and their outfit for long voyages, and the exchange of valuable cargoes. The eyes of the civilized world are intently fixed upon the experiments now making to navigate the Atlantic by steam. It is said that the Great Western was built and fitted out at an expense of near 100,000/. The success of the experiment is as much a triumph of genius and of art as of capital, and this may be given as an example of the benefit derived from the use of capital, as the risk of such an enterprize, long doubtful by many of the ablest men in England, could not have been incurred if a large capital Lad not been applied to build and fit out that ship. In like manner, every great investment of capital whatever selfish objects the proprietors may have—must, before that object can be at tained, have been the means of supplying the demand of the people for some great article of necessity, con venience, or indulgence. This remark applies equally * Mr. Stephen Girard, who died three years ago in Philadelphia, and left a million of dollars to build a college with, was a poor man, and accumulated immense riches. Ile left by will that no priest or clergyman should ever hold any situation iu his new college. to manufactures carried on by machinery. A great capital is invested in this form, though mostly in small amounts. Its owners, no doubt, seek a profitable re turn ; but this they can attain in no other way than by furnishing the community wish a manufactured article of great and extensive use. Destroy, as is proposed by some persons, the capital invested in machinery, and you lay upon society the burden of doing by hand all the work which was done by steam and water, by fire and steel ; or we must forego the use of the articles manufactured. Each result would in some measure be produced. A much smaller quantity of manufactured articles would be consumed, that is, the community would be deprived of comforts they now enjoy ; and those used would be produced at greater cost by manual labour. In other words, fewer people would be sustained as workmen, and those less comfortably and at greater expense. When we hear persons con demning accumulations of capital employed in ma chinery and manufactures, we cannot help saying to ourselves, is it possible that any rational man can desire to stop those busy wheels—to paralyze those iron arms—to stop those steam engines —to arrest that falling stream, which works while it babbles? What. is your object? Do you wish wholly to deprive society of the fruit of the industry of these inanimate but untir ing labourers ? Or do you wish to lay on aching human shoulders the burdens which are so lightly borne by these patient metallic giants ? Look at Birming ham, Manchester, and Sheffield. Behold the palaces of their industry side by side with their churches and their school-houses ; the long lines of their shops and ware houses ; their streets filled with the comfortable abodes of an enterprising, industrious, and intelligent population. All these great works are the work of capital, without which they could not have existed. This capital, it is true, seeks a moderate interest on the investment ; but it is by furnishing to all who desire it that the cheapest garment ever worn by civilized man is prepared. To denounce the capital which has been the agent of this wonderful and beneficent creation, is to wage war with a system which has spread and is spreading plenty throughout the world. "It is hardly possible to estimate the effects on human comfort and on riches by the application of capi tal to the arts of life. We can fully do this only by making some inquiry into the mode of living in civilized countries in the middle ages. The following brief' notices from Mr. Hallam's learned and judicious work may give us some distinct ideas on the subject. Up to the time of Queen Elizabeth in England, the houses of the farmers in that country consisted of but one story and one room. They had no chininies. The fire was kindled on a hearth of clay in the centre, and the smoke found its way out through an aperture in the roof, at the door, and the openings at the side for air and light. The domestic animals—even oxen—were received under the same roof with their owners. Glass windows were unknown, except in a few lordly man sions, and in them they were regarded as moveable furniture. When the Dukes of Northumberland left Alnwick Castle to come to London for the winter, the few glass windows, which formed one of the luxuries of the castle, were carefully taken out and laid away, per haps carried to London to adorn the city residence. The walls of good houses were neither wainscoted nor plastered. In the houses of the nobility the nakedness of the walls was covered by hangings of coarse cloth. Bads were a rare luxury. A very wealthy individual would have one or two in his house : rugs and skins laid upon the floor were the substitute. Neither books nor pictures formed any part of the furniture of a dwelling in the middle ages, as printing and engraving were wholly unknown, and painting but little practised. A few inventories of furniture, dating from the fifteenth century, are preserved. They afford a striking evi dence of the want of comfort and accommodation in articles accounted by us among the necessaries of life. In the schedule of the furniture of a Signor Contarini, a rich Venetian merchant living in London in 1481, no chairs nor looking-glasses are named. Carpets were unknown at the same period : their place was supplied by straw and rushes, even in the presence chamber of the Sovereign. Skipton Castle, the principal residence of the Earls of Cumberland, was deemed amply pro vided in having eight beds, but had neither chairs, glasses, nor carpets. The silver plate of Mr. Fermor, a wa altby country gentleman at Easton, in the sixteenth century, consisted of sixteen spoons, and a few goblets and ale-pots. Some valuations of stock in trade in England, from the beginning of the fourteenth century, have been preserved. A carpenter's consisted of five tools, the whole valued at a shilling ; a tanner's, on the other band, amounted to near ten pounds, ten times greater than any other—tanners being at that period the principal tradesmen, as almost all articles of dress for men were made of leather. " We need but contrast the state of things in our own time with that which is indicated in these facts, to perceive the all-important influence on human comfort of the accumulation of capital, and its employment in the tueful arts of life. As it would be highly improper for the Government to invest the public funds in the branches of industry necessary to supply the customary wants of men, it follows that this must be done by private resources and enterprise. The necessary con sequence is, that the large capital required for these operations must be furnished by the contributions of individuals, each possessing a portio❑ of the stock, or by a single proprietor. _ I "It is rather remarkable that the odium, of which all capital in large masses has sometimes been the sub ject, should be directed more against the former— namely, Joint-stock Companies—than against large individual capitals. This, however, appears to be the fact. Some attempts have been made to organize public sentiment against associated wealth, as it has been called, without reflecting, as it would seem, that these associations are the only means by which persons of moderate property are enabled to share the profits of large investments. Were it not for these associations in this country, great works could not be carried on, and only those within the reach of individual resources; and none but very rich persons would be able to fol low those branches of industry which now diffuse their benefits among persons of moderate fortune. " But whether the masses of capital necessary to carry on the great operations of trade, are derived from the association of several, or from the exclusive resources of one, it is plain that the interests of the capital, however formed, is identical with that of the community. Nobody now hoards—every thing is in vested or employed, and directly or indirectly is the, basis of business operations. " It is true, that when one man uses the capital of another, he is expected to pay something for this pri vilege. But there is nothing unjust or unreasonable in this. It is inherent in the idea of property. It would not be property, if I could take it from you and use it as my own without compensation. That simple word, it is mine, carries with it the whole theory of property and its rights. If my neighbour has saved his earnings, and built him a house with it, and I ask his leave to go and live in it, I ought in justice to pay him for the use of his house. If, instead of using his money to build a house in which he permits me to live, he loans me his money, with which I build a house for myself, it is equally just that I should pay him for the use of his money. It is his, not mine. If he allows me to use the fruit of his labour or skill I ought to pay him for that use, as I should pay him if he came and wrought for rue with his hands. This is the Whole doctrine of interest. In a prosperous com munity, capital can be made to produce a greater re turn than the rate of interest fixed by law. The mer chant who employs the whole of his capital in his own enterprises, and takes all the profit to himself, is com monly regarded as a useful citizen ; it would seem un reasonable to look with a prejudiced eye upon the capitalist, who allows all the profits of the business to accrue to others, asking only -legal interest for his money, which they have employed. " Without, however, pursuing this comparison among different classes of capitalists, let us farther endeavour by an example to illustrate the question, whether they ought in any view to be regarded as exerting an un friendly influence on the labours of the community. Take, for instance, such a case as Mr. Stephen Girard, a great capitalist, who united in his person the mer chant and the banker, and who may he spoken of plainly as he has passed away—the solitary man—and left no one to be grieved with the freedoms which are taken with his memory. This remarkable person began life without a farthing, and left behind him a property whose actual value amounted to near a million sterling, and this acquired in the latter half of his life. He told me himself that at the age of forty his circumstances were so narrow that he was employed as the comman der of his own sloop engaged in the coasting trade between New York or Philadelphia and New Orleans, adding, that on a certain occasion he was forty-five days in working his way up from the Belize to the city. Few persons, I believe, enjoyed less personal popula - I\II ,, ssBURNEY'S " LANC E OF P RIVATE rity i n th e commun i ty i n w hi c h he lived, and to which . , —lt is certai n ly to b e noted as among the he b equea th e d hi s pr i nce l y f or t une . On general prig- Curiosities of Lit erature, " that a lady who has so ciples it ma y p er h a p s b e sa f e ly said, that the class of often before graced the department of high moral fiction, w f a i a u i g t a h l it t y n a a in n m p c e n t.: te fi d u ler laurels, men qualified to amass large fortunes by perseverance and . has in past vears earned for herself so many well n should,o n nt identify resuming aetn auyy the questioned, exercise of and mid exclusive devotion to business t , he b ir y to the effect in all her claims to notice made the subject of mystifying thrift, are not at all likely to ap A pl s y bilious or corrupt designs. speculation. Those readers, however, who remember benefit in such a capital, managed wit : h . unrelaxin other points of view, Iconfess I see nothing but public g the impression produced by this lady's delightful novels economy ; one-half judiciously employed by the pro- of " Clarentine," and " Traits of Nature," ne2d not t o prietor himself in commerce, the other half loaned to the be reminded that she was almost as closely aMed in What better use could hav e li terary reputation as in family name, to her sister, been business madem om of it u r e lity. Will it be said, divide it equallye Madame D'Arblay, the Authoress of " F,velina," and mono the community ; give each individual in the " Cecilia." That Miss Burney has now broken United States a share? It would hare amounted to through that retirement, which, as a writer, she had r half a dollar each for man, woman, and child. S uch a have so long maintained, must be a subject of no sm a ll con distribution wou ld not fitted out th e va l uable gratulation to her friends; and the lovers of first-rate s hi ps he did. How many ships would have furled fiction, will doubtless, in the new sunk before them, their sails, how many warehouses would have closed I find ample reason for concurring in that sentiment. their shutters, how many wheels, heavily laden with the DINNER TO CHARLES DICKENS, Esn mr. products of industry, would h ave stoo d still, how many Charles Dickens, better known by the cognomsu of families would have been reduced to want, and w ith out „ Buz : , under which appellation he introduced himself any advantage resulting from the distribution I to the reading- public, has been invited to a public din " Let rue not be misunderstood. I regard equality of nor i n the Maechestee Athermum, whi c h opens on condition and fortun e es the happiest state of society, Tuesday nest. Some twenty or thirty eminent literary the ' c h a racters have also been invited. Mr. Dickens and and those political institutions as immeasurably beieg present.—Liver wisest and best which tend to produce it. All the Mr. Ainsworth (Editor of' " Berilsy's Miscella n y.) laws of entail and priMegeniture, which have for their h ave intimated their intenti on u a object to perpetuate large estates, and transmit them Foe/ Chronic/se EVENING EDITION. from generation to generation, are at war with the con stitution of man. Providence has written a statute of distribution s on the face of nature and the heart of man ; and whenever its provisions are contravened by political enactments, a righteous conjuration to subvert them springs u p i n the very elements of our being. My propositio n i s on l y that, in a country like this (Ame rica) where the laws encourage equality of fortune, accumulations of capital made by industry, enterprize, and prudence, employed in active investments, without ministering to extravagance and luxury, are beneficial to the public. Their possessor becomes, whether he wills it or not, the steward of others ; not merely, as in Mr. Girard's case, 'because he may destine a colossal fortune after his dec ease f or pu bl ic objects, hut because while he lives every shilling of it must b e employed in giving life to industry and employment to labour. Had Mr. Girard lived in a fashionable part of the city, in . a magnificent house ; had he surrounded himself with a troop of liveried domestics ; had he dazzled the passers by with his splendid equip ages, and spread a sumptuous table for his " dear five hundred friends," he would no doubt have been a more popular man. But in my ap prehension he appears to far greater advantage as a citizen and a patriot, in his modest dwelling and plain garb, appropriating to his personal wants the smallest pittance from his princely income ; living to the lust in i the dark and narrow street in which be made his for tune, and when he died bequeathing it for the educa tion of orphan children. For the public Ido not know that he could have done better ; of all the men in th e world he probable derived the least enjoyment from his property himself." E THE ARIVIATHNITAITE ESTATE, IN CUMBERLAND. This far famed property, accounted " THE LEVIA• THAN OF THE COUNTY," is announced in our columns for sale by private treaty. It is a matter of some doubt if Mr. George Robins has displayed his usual judgment in selecting the end of the season for this his first an nouncement. It may be that be delights more in the varied tints of autumn, than in the green freshness of the spring ; there is no accountin g for taste. If it does not quickly fi n d a w illi ng purchaser, we believe it will be in abeyance until the spring, and then sold by public competition. - If the present be accounted a faint outline of some of its leading features (as Mr. Robins proclaims in his advertisement), rrhat may we not expect when he issues forth his veritable in the spring? Ourselves can testify there is not throughout Europe, for its size, a more splendid property. COAST GUARD SERVICE. Ile information which we gave in our last with re spect to the Intention of appointing Mates of the Royal Navy to fill the existing vacancies of Chief Officers in the Coast Guard Service, has brought to us a host of inquiries. The readers of this paper know very well the. we take pretty good care not to deceive the Army and Navy with erroneous reports ; and we are happy on the present occasion to assure them that our statement of Let, week is in every respect correct. We will give a portion of a letter from a valued friend, who, though generally well informed in most matters appertainieg to the Navy, is mistaken in this instance, us it will afford us the opportunity of replying gencrAy to several other cerrespondents on this subject : " I think you are in error as to the pay of Mates when appointed to the Coast Guard Service. viz. 9s. per diem, the same as Lieutenants, who receive but 4s. per diem, Coast Guard pay, and a Treasury equivalent of ss. 6s. or 7s. per diem, for loss of had pay. The Mates have no half-pay, and therefore cannot be paid the equi valent. Tney are, I understaud, to be paid as Civiiiau Chief Officers, viz., 45. per di3n., and 281. baiary, about ss. 641. per diem, or 1001. p.m' annum. It is rumoured, from good authority, thlt the Lieutenants are nlso to Lave the salary of '281., making altogether 10s. 6d. per diem." In reply, we beg to state that the intention is to pay :%I.ites, who receive the appolutincies cf Chief Ojicers of the coast Guard, the sum of 9s. per day, which is the sa:no amount as the Lieutenants of the Royal Navy receive, who arc serving in the capacity of Chief Officers ; but is considerably more than the civilian Chief Officers get, as their pay does cot exceed 1001. per annum. The fact of the Lieutenauts only receiving 4s. per day from the Coast Guard, is correctly stated by our correspondent ; and by only being allowed ia addition to retain their half-pay at whatever rate it may be fixed, the Government have not dealt most liberally with them. It is rather surprising there. should exist a feeling of generosity so unexpected, and so strong in favour of a junior rank of Naval Oirxeri. However, this is to be the case. Our corrorpondent mar he un der the impression that 95. per day is to be g;al:ted to all ilfgtes serving in the Coast Guard, is whatever ca pacity ; where es the Loon is for these only who fill the situation of Cli.;;;:l Olecrs, none of whom arc, 11 , )wever, as yet app:ii6ted.—.Yaval Gazette. MAROTO IN THE The facetious Charivari, giving credence to the hoax which has been played upon come of the Frena jaurnals, that Maroto had arrived i n P ar i s , has the fol lowing squib : Maroto has arrived in Paris. '• - No •Artliti;:i i •Ci's taken place in France, except that there' is . ore traitor more. He came by the diligence, and near I3orde'aitx he re quested the conducteur to stop for a few tninuici en the road, for which complaisance lie promised hira something to drink. On arriving, however, at Paris, he lolled without paying either ter his place, or the conducteur. This personage consequently lulled after him `to refresh his memory. Condueteur—Your fare, Sir, if you please? Maroto—Did you imagine I had forgotten it ? Do you doubt the purity of Castilian honour ? Condueteur—No, Sir, I am not paid for that. Maroto—llere is your fare. Conducteur—You promised me something to drink. Maroto—l am Rafael Maroto. Do you doubt my word ? Here is a Spanish bond for 1.000 crowns. Conducteur—Yes, but that is no value whatever ; I would, if it were the same to Monsieur, prefer a ten-sous piece. Maroto—No Constitutional Spaniards pay their debts in this manner. He went directly to lodge in the rue Judas, and, hav put on a false collar, he hired a cabriolet by the hour, and drove to the Tuileries, where he was received with much distinction. It is really very astonishing that the arrival of a traitor should cause any sensstiou, inasmuch as all the courtiers resemble him. He received a present of a paper parcel, which he deposited in the cabriolet, and then drove to Baron Pasquier, who wel c o me d hi m cordially and said—" Now, what did you get, my dear fellow for this business ?" Maroto—Four millions. Pasquier—Oh, what luck ! Herr am I who have thtiee betrayed my e(Amtry, and have not yet got half of that. Maroto invited him to dine with him at the Freres Pr•ovenceaux, and then drove to M. Decazes, when the conversation turned on the same subject. What ! (exclaimed M. Decazes.) So many millions for one treason ?—it makes one's mouth water. Maroto—Yes, but consider the number of Generals I murdered At Estella. Decazes—What does that signify ? I have corn-., mitted half a dozen treasons, and condemned some 'hun dreds to the guillotine ; and look how Wrcte/tedly'MY' services have been rewarded. I see treason is much " better paid than here. The fact is, the m a rk e t i s amnia with it in this country. _ _ _ . . Maroto invited him to dine will him at the Freres Provenccaux, and then drove to several friends whoin he also asked to dine with him. At length he drOve•to M. Lurainier, who received him with open arms, 'con gratulated him on his success, and asked him to dine with him, in order that he might acknowledge Maroto's superiority in t reason , an d ge t a fe w hint s from hi m , Maroto thought this dinn e r would save him a few fran cs , so he determined to throw his friends over for that dav, and accepted the invitation. lie then drove to M. Talleyrand's former hotel in the rue St. Fiorentin, as he longed to see the abode of the sainted Bishop, H e p tl i i , eLl ie shiartke(l the front. out bythe T b h a e ck dr d i o v o e r r , fearing tvaitedg the ca b man until he saw he h..d been done. lie saw, however the paver parcel, which he opened, and found it to be a ori ,,lip thing i'is . collection of speeches. "Now, I am doubly d one r , a s t e e i n ,a t i tt I\ l l , a h r e o r t e o i s h z 1 kept t c h. h a a t r a b c ; exclaimed he. has not betrayel, namely, the e • • xpeetatfons which had been formed of his character. terittomlernaybll7 .. 11 •A1N.111.073=i3