The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-28 00:00:00

---...-0-- -0 30VAL CITY. n tei es deg ce o c i nning to 01' e stohes havil 1, nut with stat ic : !May, tittrac t., )ec t a tors, 1 1 1 4, clock, byd • a " uring the or on this dsi King Wl ni a t P r e in the CO ::ted to be COnl 3 private 1011, Jai c d and at t he L a - is e,on, hre b ee n ITO JO" oof are COverea and west sees,Mansion - ialuony hellcats's ng boards , 1 1°. and upon varlet cloth, sole ries in the st b pavilion, wh ic , f her Ale.l'e 1381159 k house and ps 3f the gorg,e ° , ext best will, vi ° and east an Landing bola' nouncemen tl l f e =, several. of .cods taken ° u b ee n fi x ed I '' coloured el °t ' 6 cation were e"ir‘ ed by the Pr a _ A we re exhibit' t Y th° Aldermen , . 00 10 of proce ssl treet nnl ne 1 m , Cornhill, f". 10, 1, Ludgate-hill even o'clock ql ctuber, in the :WETBER'► HERS. A to be allow eu t be tgh any . o f f _ n o procession , v 4 Den the hours ock in the eve l , A ving Switb fi s ; es-street tor lane, Barbor, ns ditch, for tP.„ .ce have 0067 clerk• " this at orninb " o i STRUCTIONS To, ERVED 0 14 CC no r person °4 ll in the strer' t I ,sses, unto nfte te 3 Lit be PFrr °l . t fte r p ro cession % I , , except as 01 4/ o f the 11 te, )ffi c ers of .$ any hour. to or admission to to pass until the Roya l Dyal prose s 1,7 9: n St. Ja ille i s a cs Li ce , a nd s.P'6t. draw uP Itt hs ve sion shall wia carrige ter s, 7eign Miw.„ s hich order / 0 " rnt all °bittne oi y of the line s wace y e s, o.r - 4 time from tai ,urn of the Nl' 'AYNE, e Metro/VP' 1-place, OLDS. be, i by the P B be , Martin's•in•t :)ffice, Oct- 24 ' I ected in th!t; occasion a P, open the S" :h the paris h uffolk-place• T of the CO e nd of 149//' at the P4ri6ll undary. od in covjalle of John-st"t4 a of the Stud of the 6tr° nine (4'o l 7 l ; t ber l eturn., sti e motni—v hs ci rn.sift OWEII to re ; — the, larri erg, ' l l 3 l OO l he Dew. DJ nittee► survel°l' R m0149`4°4 0 0' vening bY c el f til :--" e G uli r c ! ;o the rum iri Post-office, .0 id and forel'iol iost-otfiee s ' h ck at n° ° ),Is' ion of be': )ya l open f ° , ( l. The 11 '' ) pie gs un til tore..ei s ue of 113°P :E STAO m Palace ort: l on g the Tel, into C;haring-cf b , Paul's Chu rc s i x bor 3 0 ;0 Two (''re Staice, tr:ber, o ros WO T G r °- walking. ;eo. Len° o%)' .7ombe), 0, F. Se Pl3° Two G t°°llll wAlliiok YON e), 0110 u .. a y . is 11 ' " Two G r°(wlis viarAivg' of E arl of se" ,ro•ter) , ,r 0 tsrli Nerr) , MANSION HOUSE. During the afternoon of Friday and on Saturday morning, strong representations were made to the Lord Mayor by several members of eminent banking firms in the City, that if the strong code of police re gulations which had been posted about the streets were to be carried into effect on Monday, it would be impossible for them to conduct their business on that day. The Lord Mayor assured the gentlemen who waited upon him that he had not himself seen the re gulations referred to, although by some strange blunder they were headod " Magnay, Mayor." His Lordship, however, promised to be present at the Court of Aldermen, which had been called expressly far the purpose of agreeing upon the resolutions, when he assured them tlzir wishes should be complied with in every possible way. The Lord Mayor afterwards directed the City So licitor to confer with Mr. Roberts, the Chair wan of the Committee of Bankers, and the members of the several firms which would be princi pally affected by the regulations, and the resolutions for closing the Poultry and Mansion. house-street, as subsequently adopted by the Court of Aldermen, was agreed to with the approbation of the bankers, who have received, for the accommodation of their clerks, pass tickets, which will admit them to pass the bar riers to the clearing house, and to and from their respective establishments at any hour of the day. At the request of the bankers a strong additional force has been placed at the clearing house, to enable them to pass and repass with safety, facility, and expedition—a procedure rendered absolutely ne cessary by the fact that the bankers have agreed to assemble at half-past eight in the morning, and to compress within the short space of two hours and a half the immense mas of monetary transactions which in ordinary days extend themselve s over a surface of eight hours. Notwithstanding the ex cellent arrangements which have been made by the police commissioner for facilitating the intercommu nication of the bankers and their clerks during the time their establishments will be open for the trans action of business, the Lord Mayor has directed the City Solicitor to remain at the Mansion-house during the whole of the morning for the purpose of affording any facilities that may be required. It should be understood that the free passage of pedestrians, during any part of the day, is not in the least degree inter fered with, except along the length and breadth of the Exchange and the Poultry, the pavement of which has been railed off to prevent accidents, the street hying scarcely sufficient to allow her Majesty's state carriage and her attendants to pass without danger to foot passengers. This space, which it was originally proposed should be left entirely vacant, will be filled with the Livery Companies of the City, in their Livery gowns or other badges of their company ; an arrange ment which will add greatly to the effect of the proces sion. The whole of Cheapside, St. Paul's-churchyard, Ludgate-hill, Fleet-street, as well as the Strand, and the other streets at the west-end of the town through which the procession will pass, being of greater width, will be open indiscriminately to the public. If these ar rangements had been fully explained in an intelligible order from the Lord Mayor, the dissatisfaction which has been so generally expressed would not have been experienced. All police regulations tending to re strain the free use of any privilege which the public have been accustomed to exercise are, in a free coun try, calculated to excite feelings of dissatisfaction with the multitude. The final paragraph in the resolutions of the Court of Aldermen shows a disposition to as similate itself to the spirit of the times, and to re concile the public to what must otherwise appear an interference with their accustomed rights. THE NEW ROYAL EXCHANGE. A NATIONAL SONG—By AIRS. CRAWFORD. When Commerce rose, in ages past, To fill the world with light, And feudal days were fleeting fast, Like shadows of the night ; Then her wings she gave To the ocean wave, For she loves at will to roam, With the fresh'ning breeze, O'er the bounding seas ; But in England she found her home. 'Twas then that Gresham's master-mind — Name still to commerce dear ! Her rising glories proudly shrin'd, And fixed her palace here : And from this proud spot (Be it ne'er forgot !) She rose to life and light ; And her sails unfurl'd To the wond'ring world, In the pride of her new-born might. Then Britain's thunders shook the earth, And sea's remotest shore ; The palm of honour, truth, and worth, Her merchant princes bore ; And they long shall bear, And as proudly wear, As in the by-gone days ; For the bright renown Of her laurell'd crown Is entwin'd with the civic bays. Amid the battle's thunder crash When England brav'd the foe— 'Mid volum'd smoke and lightning-flash 'Twas commerce nerv'd the blow ; She the pow'r and pride Of the earth defied, Alike on land and main, When her bolts she hurl'd At a hostile world. May we ne'er see the like again I Now daring commerce spreads at will Her sails on ev'ry wind; The march of armies now stand still, To wait the march of mind; Now in labour's hive, Loom and spindle thrive, As golden commerce smiles; And the lib'ral arts, That refine our hearts, Are the boast of the British isles. Eliza's glories all revive In young Victoria's reign ; And Gresham's stainless laurels live, To bud and bloom again ; As in those proud days, We to commerce raise Once more the stately pile, And the world's resort Is the regal court, That she holds in her own loved isle. Now, long may Britain's thunder sleep, And bright her laurels shine ! Long may her merchant princes keep Their court in this proud shrine ; Here may freedom's light Wing its glorious flight Across the b. uniless main ; And the good old cause, Of the throne and laws, Be the pride of Victoria's reign ! COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT. (PROM OUR OWN CORRKSPONDENT.) ROYAL YACHT SQUADRON INTELLIGENCE. ARRIVALS. OCT. 23. .Ann cutter, Hon. William Hare, from Ly mingt,on. 24. Ganymede cutter, I. IL W. P. Smyth Pigott, Esq., Plymouth and Torquay.LlN SAIGS. OCT. 21. Xicifs. schooner, Earl of Wilton, fur Ply mouth. 22. Kestrel ketch, Comm More Earl of Yarborough, Cowes harbour, to lay up. 23. Jack o'Lantern schooner, Earl of Orkney, ditto. YACHTS AT AND ABOUT THE STATION. Schooners—Flirt, Gem. Cutters—Phantom, Ann, Ganymede, Turquoise, Ariadne, Noran, and Nautilus yawl. Report says that her Majesty proposes visiting us again this season, and the 24th of November is men• tioned as the day appointed. We have no great faith in this report, but we know that workmen are employed on Osborne House, and it is hardly probable that if her Majesty intended giving it up on the Ist of May, that this would be the case, or that the orders would have been given to fill the ice-house, or to lay down perma nent moorings for the royal yacht in Cowes roadstead. The cause of the late dreadful accident at Portsmouth was doubtless some of the wadding left on fire in the breach of the gun. A correspondent, who is in the woollen trade, informs us that there is a quantity_of cotton in all low-priced flannels, and the cotton so intro duced was the cause of this and numerous other dreadful . accidents. STEAM U. TIME.—THE QUICKEST TRANSIT YET KNowN.—A gentleman left London last Friday morning, by the ten o'clock train for Fleetwood, where he joined the Royal Consort steam-ship. Leaving that place at half-past eight o'clock in the evening, he arrived next morning at Ardrossan at half-past eight o'clock (twelve hours), where he left per special train, and was in Glas gow by ten o'clock A.m.. thus accomplishing the distance of 400 miles in twenty-four hours.—Ayr Observer. WEST RIDING REGISTRATION. --The registration for the West Riding has closed with a gain of 40 for the Reformers.—Leeds Tin es. PRICE or COAL. —We were yesterday informed, that owing to a strikc , for wages by the colli,rs of Staf fordshire, coal ha: increased Is. per ton.—Leamington Courier. It is generally expected that the Earl of Glasgow will be appointed to the situation of Lord-Lieutenant of Renfrewshire, vacant by the death of Mr. Speirs. STATE or TRADE.—The Leicester trade still re mains dull for th, s asot., though a further demand be fore orders close for aril:Mies is expected. Spinners are flatter, and orders fall oft' ; in wools not much doing, and no change in prices.—Leicester Journal. The Provisional Committee of the London and Norwich Dirant Railway met at Bury St. Edmund's last Thursday, to apportion the 35,000 shares for this under taking, on which occasion there were applications for - upwards of 60,000 shares.--Norwich Mercury, THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY MORNING, OCTOBER E 8 1844. • • "r"9 Grooms .11 , ? sivh rayr l ,(.o, Two Grooms walking. drawn by six blacks, walking. Conveys, Lady of the Bedchamber (Lady Portman), b laid of Honour in Waiting (the Honourable Miss A. Murray), Lord Steward (the Earl of Liverpool), ford Chamberlain (Earl Delawarr). Ye . omen of the Guard. Twelve Footmen, four and four. Pour Grooms THE STATE COACH, Four Grooms walking. Draws by eight cream- walking. Attended by a Yeoman of the Guard at each wheel, and two footmen at each door, conveying THE QUEEN, His Royal liighncss Prince Albert, The Mistress of the Robes (the Duchess of Buccleuch), The Master of the Horse (the Earl of Jersey). Escort of Life Guards. The carriage s o f t h e Ambassdors and Foreign Minis ters are to asSemqe at the lower end of St. James's street, to be in readiness, at half-past ten o'clock, to fall I nto the line irurne:liately after the Queen's procession. like carri ages o f t h e Ca bi net Mi n i sters w ill f orm i n 1. i Ke manner, arid be ready at the same time, to fall into the line ina me d iale l v after thus? of the Ambassadors and oreir misters. The gener a l di rect i on o f t h e procession is under the orders of L')rd Ch ar l es Wellesley, Clerk Marshal ; .I! l . n .ior - Gerier a i Wemyss, Equerry to the Queen ; and 4Aut.-Colpm,l Bouverie, Equerry to Prince Albert. On the arrival of the state procession at Temple-bar, and after the due rt2ception of the Sovereign by the Lord Mayor, th e or d er of the procession will be altered by the e a ccession o f t h e Civic cavalcade (the order of whichpro cessionwas inserted in our journal yesterday) '2e Lord M ayor an d t h e authorities of the city of I ldels, with their officers, taking place in the royal ii rte ge immediately after the sixth royal carriage, and e Yeoman of the Guard, as seen in the above official P r nr atnme. The following is a list of the present Masters of the twelve principal Companies of the city of London, in the c , orde r o f the i r precedency, i nv i te d b y t h e G res h am ~,`, ‘ lnrnittee, at Mercer's Hall, to the opening of the INthe ew2Blltl°l3Oaf October,lExchang l e B b 4 y 4 : Q l een Victoria, on Monday, 1. Mercer's Company, incorporated 1393, George Aston, Esq., Master. 2. Grocers' Do., incorporated 1345, Cornelius Paine, 2 s ( l-, Do. 3. Drapers' Do., incorporated 1439, Thomas Walker, A E „.,' ( l, Do. • -ctshmongers' Do., incorporated 1384, William Wan s. char m E Yiddi:sgisihl::.°.Do , incorporated 1327, Henry Blan- Do. 6 . Skinners' Do , incorporated 1327, John Locke, Es(l, Do. * d GMlarc ant n. Tailors' Do., incorporated 1466, William 8. h aberdasher' Do., incorporated 1447, James Law t l ies Esq., Do. u. 40 _0 —mo ngers ' Salters' incorporate,l 1558, J. Fir,her, Esq.. Do. I'" q• , -v' e l" 1) °. 1 , i ..comoroted 1464, John Birkett, 1 ' • i ntners' Do , incorporated 1437, L. D. Jacquier, lz Es ql Cl otnworkers' Do., incorporated 1482, Edward Gr.-gory, E,q., Do. Inscriptions on the exterior of the Royal Exchange:— The Earth is the Lord's and the fulness thereof." i 4 nno Elizab e th m R. XIII. Conditum—Anno Vietorim ge Nos IL VIII. Restauratum o Il e ph Fortun a My. Prosperity to my House. Honor Deo. LATEST AUTHENTIC PARTICULARS. On S i v 'aturdy a Court of Aldermen was held at Guild 1 / hen, after a good deal of discussion, the Court g r eed to the following order of procession, which will le ave 41E Guildh a ll punctua ll y at e l even o ' c l oc k : — NI n or PROCESSION OF THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD „„`"rort AND THE CORPORATION OP LONDON FRAM .7 ILD HALL TO TEMPLE-DAR. TO RECEIVE HER MA JESTY, ON MONDAY, THE 28TH OF OCT, 1844. Police Officers to clear the way. City Marshalman. City Trumpeters. Navigation Watermen, bearing colours. The Captain of the Thames Navigation Barge. The Principal Assistant Water Bailiff. Water Bailiff's Watermen, with colours. Junior City Marshal on horseback. The Lord Mayor's Beadle, Th eity Watermen in state liveries, with colours. e Lord Mayor'sßarge Master in his state dress. Lord Mayor's Banner. Senior City Marshal on horseback. Right Hon. the LORI) MAYOR, in his state car 'lap, drawn by six horses, attended by the A rmen who ha and Common Crier. who have passed the Chair, in their Scarlet 414 r Gowns, in their carriages. tne n who have not passed the Chair, in Scarlet Gowns, in their carriages. hem The Sheriffs in their state carriages. ors of the Court of Common Council in carriages. 1.1 0 , Police Constables. ,7 1 41m 4t 11e arrival of the procession at Temple Bar, the ""de i n 'Yor, Aldermen, and those Members who are to Chfi d N'ocessiou, will be received at the banking-house 4 14ty , 8 - 7 i and Co., where they will remain until her Ma- Pproach. , r ORDER OF PROCESSION -E XPLE-BAR, ON RECEIVING HER MAJESTY IN litit PROGRESS TO THE KEW EXCHANGE. ea Priar olice-officers on horseback. o e4. of P the Members of the Court of Common Council. The State-carriages of the Sheriffs. Th Carriages of the Aldermen. Zetaclie above pc - Ilion of the procession will prece3e the 4 toy ß itent of Life Guards conducting the members of the and her Majesty's immediate attendants. i letni k , rs T he Junior City I ,!Urshal on horseback. of th e Court of Conimon Council, in their —az arine Gowns, on horseback, each with an Betrr attendant. Sar k ; 1 -1- uggeridge, Esq. William Gresham, Eq. as ale %S. Edkini Esq' W. J. Frodesham, Esq. „ i t 11 01) , -- :1,YleY E James Anderton, Esq. Esq. Wm. Collingwood, Esq. "Qaon, Esq. Joshua G. Bedford, Esq. A. Pea coc k , E sq . Richard Dixon, Esq. eSheriffs, Senior City Marshal on horseback. r 1., in their Scarlet Gowns and Chains, on .11 6 ( n " -It elc, each attended by a Sergeant and a Groom. 414 , e as Sidney, Esq %Villiarn Ilunt.x, Esq. Sid then Scarlet . Gr(twns (those rist the Chair in their chains) on horseback, 'th o each attended by a Beadle and a Groom. s ir tax F arnconib, Esq. John A. Hooper, Esq. i'l ln t'arEte Carroll, Bart. John Johnson, Esq. Sir ~aslail Wood, Esq. C. Farebrother, Esq. k e t r ete," Laurie, lint. Sir John Key, Bart. -sattlaim _Prime Lucas,. Esq. Sir C. S. Hunter, Bart. Right Hon. MICHAEL GIBBS, '4. (V Lord Mayor elect. )101.' e;oninion Crier, on The Sword-bearer_ on_h . o . rse- E ae i n bttek, S. Be back, back, Charles W, Hick, -1., Carr% i -cr the Esq., with the Cit ' ' A ' . T h Y Mace. The BARD MAYOR, Cap of Maintenance. ree Footmen .(3'3 i t a, rt4eaell The Right -''' Win' Magnay, • t: on . robe, an d . in Gate. in a crimson ve lvet ...-iNttia e . s a collar .SS., on horseback, bearing the City Sword of State, immediately before Liveries. Stat State TIER MAJESTY. 0,, The Royal Procession will here fall in. _ 1 ) „ 1 " Qaturday the Gresham Committee sat from twelve li, - ,,Pek until a late hour, completing the necessary ptrhee -I,7itiaries for the recq.tion of her Majesty . and anion Consort. Mr. Jones, the chairman, Sir Chapman m., c mg the more active members we7e I 1 .44rshall, more Ilumpherv, and Mr. B. 'a • -s)A' ll% , c , d losangements were finally and satisfactorily compie,... ktiePutting the civic orders and the entire machinery of fo r ( , ) , a asion into active operation and correct execution , e event s of this day. 1 c o "1 " Fr iday letters were received by the Gresham ar k l l ll / I „!itee from Si r R o b ert P ee l, Si r J ames G ra h am , whi ch nuk e of Wellington, for tickets of admission, g a we : re immediately sent to them, and this led to the P u r o P ,, ~I l3' an of all further tickets being issued, so as to bi .lue against any exigence in the event of other ca r Ministers making applications for the same. 'rai t °r the last three or four days, the Gresham Com- In l ee have continued their sittings at Mercers' Hall ,M 3,1,0 three and four o'clock in the morning, and a very ,he 41131 discussion has taken place upon the question of _ Paembers of the corporation appearing in court s'es insteal of their ordinary robes. Letters were 4 ,_lit'ed from henhouses of Messrs. Baring, Hankey, tvget; Others declg the invitations sent to them if they qi, ato Oe compelled to wear court dresses. The stormy '!e,,'eusk.'ion which followed the reading of these commu- Toation.s ended in a resolution being agreed upon, that o se whoti were anxious to appear in court dresses might „,,,so, but that it should be left entirely to their own Vi•,;(.l instead of laying down any regulation. . • ' derSaturday the Earl of Jersey, master of the horse, "‘" up to the Exchange for the purpose of going l'iter it. ntlZltle of banquettiug room app ro p r i a t e d to t h e entertain he— the Q tesselated p ueen, was completed onmerch Satuantrday, e area ieni has ng. N.,. -U avement of the t cleansed, and boards have been put down in front ,_ the grand entrance, which are to ba covered with ,earlet cloth. til `. lla_ e rin gers practised at intervals on Saturday the !s of " Rul e B r i tannia " and the national anthem. 44 11 e various workmen continued their labours i n ''llg hou,t Saturd a y n i g h t and Sunday, and the hoard- R was .•-etnoved shortly after midnight. 4't ,r-„,,„ )ItOU ItAMME OF POCEEDINGS ~, --.. o Yar, EXCHANGE UPON THE OPENING OF THE " Als IE IIY I/ER „MAJESTY ON MONDAY, THE 28TH OF OCTOBER, 1844. tlPn the arrival of her Majesty an d P r i nce Alb ert at ~1 Lxchange, they are to be r ece i ve d at t h e western en- A ,.71. tee by the Lord Mayor, the Aldermen, -Recorder, ~7 the members of the Joint Gresham Coremitte.'. I Sheriffs, an d the emembraide , r, who will fore: -41 iteu:ik w lves into a proves R i ,n, to .r, ci-d•• hey , Mltj. , st . ,. tilt f ollowing order :- 4- Trumpeters. t'--1 es Barnes, Esq., Gerk of the Gresham Committee. j dliara q . William Tee. I.: q., F.R.S., Architect. 1 s pgi , . Pa.,:tn,r, Esq., \I I'. .iotta than Co a! es Prior,E-q. Law rence, E N . itobet t Sutton, Esq. atte,_°l3 George dope, Esq. James Sutton, Esq. aaanaumphrey, Y.sq..Nl.P. George Palmer,jun., Esq. % George Watney. Esc i • Sir Chapman Marshall. ' ar ge Aston, Esq., Richd. Lambert Jones, Esq., Master Chairman c't the ILereers Company. of the Gresham Committee. Utivard Tyrrell, E sc i,, Aemembrancer. Sheriffs. Thomas Sidney, Esq. William Hunter, Esq. The Members of the Court of Aldermen below the Chair. Hon. Chas. Ewan Law, Q.C., Recorder, The Members of the Court of Aldermen above the Chair. The Right Hon. William Magnay, Lord Mayor. Her Majesty the QUEEN and Prince ALBERT, followed by her Majesty's Officers of State. HISTORICAL NOTICE OF THE ROYAL EXCHANGE. A neat little volume, under the above title, has just been published by Effingham Wilson, which appears very opportunely to gratify public curiosity respecting the an nals of the palace of London merchants. It contains not only ample descriptions of the three buildings which have succeeded one another on the site purchased by the munificence of Sir T. Gresham, but accounts of the vari ous institutions which time and circumstances have asso ciated with it, memoirs and anecdotes of Sir T. Gresham, and the other distinguished men who took part in found ing them, and all such subsidiary information as can be interesting. From this we have extracted the following passages, which will furnish our readers with the mate rials of a comparison of the three buildings, which have advanced in grandeur and magnificence pan passe with the metropolis they have severally adorned. As the second Temple was more glorious than the first, even so has it been with the Exchanges of London : " THE FIRST EXCHANGE. " The first stone of the projected Burse was laid by its projector, Sir T. Gresham. On this occasion there does not appear to have been much ceremony. Ile was accom panied by some aldermen, and, says Stowe, every one of them laid a piece of gold, which the workmen took up.' The building was carried on with such rapidity that by the month of November in the following year it was covered in with slate, and shortly after that date com pletely finished. The cost of the ground has been already mentioned, and 715 citizens contributed to the subscrip tion set on foot to meet it, and which opened in March, 1565, and closed in October, 1566. The timber used in the construction of the Burse is believed to have been conveyed to London from Battisford, in Suffolk, in which neighbourhood, on the destruction of the monasteries, the manor of St. John of Jerusalem had been granted to Sir Richard Gresham, which comprehended a con siderable portion of the parish of Ringshell. On Battisford 'rye, a spacious common between the two places just named, five or six saw-pits may still be traced, which were used to prepare the frame of the first Royal Exchange. From Battisford the timber was conveyed to London by water. The wainscoting and the glass, or at least a portion of them, were purchased for him by his indefatigable apprentice ser vant, factor, and friend, Richard Clough, at Amsterdam. The slates were sent from Dort, and other portions of the materials required were imported from Flanders, whence many manufactured articles of comfort and luxury seem to have been obtained at that period. When finished, it was thought to resemble in an extraordinary degree the Burse of Antwerp ; there is, however, reason to believe, that the designer had more studiously copied the Burse of Venice, which bad served for the model of that of Antwerp. A Flemish architect, named llsnryke, was employed by Gresham, who seems to have laboured in his vocation with much diligence, and to have given satisfaction to his em ployers ; but, unfortunately for his reputation, it was found, before the close of the century, that the structure was more showy than substantial, and great repairs became necessary. * * * * * " The Burse, like the New River, though of vast im portance to a most opulent and important body, did not at first answer to the sanguine expectations of its pro jector. From the lettings he had expected to derive a considerable income ; but he was severely diap pointed, as for several years the shops remained com paratively empty. Gresham had triumphed over too many difficulties to give himself up to dismay at this mortifying failure, and the skill of the tacti ci in was admirably displayed on an intimation beins , given, some two years after the completion of the structure, that the Queen intended to honour it with a visit and give it a name.' Aware of the importance of the incident, we read in Stowe that on this occasion Sir Thomas, in his own person, went twice in one day round about the Upper Pawne,' and besought those few shopkeepers then present, that they would furnish and adorne with wares and wax-lights as many shoppes as they either coulde or would ; and they should have all those shoppes so furnished rent free that yeare.' " It was a great day for the city and for him, when the royal Elizabeth fulfilled her promise. That due im portance and eclat might be given to her progress even from its commencement, we learn from the accounts of the churchwardens of St. Margaret's, Westminster, that 4d. was paid to the bell-ringers for ringing when the Queen's Majesty went to the Burse and back again.' Other parishes, this being regarded as no every-day occurrence, were no doubt equally regard less of expense, and the whole of her progress was, in all probability, rendered as triumphant as its commence ment. The trusty historian just named thus describes it:—' The Queen's Majesty, attended with her nobility, came from her house in the Strand, called Somerset house, and entered the City by Temple-bar, through Fleet-street, Cheap, and so by the north side of the Burse to Sir Thomas Gresham's house in Bishopsgate rate, where she dined. After dinner her Majesty, re turning through Cornhill, entered the Burse on the south side, and after that she had viewed every part thereof above the ground, especially the Pawn, which was richly furnished with all sorts of the finest wares in the city, she caused the Burse, by a herald and trumpet, to be proclaimed the Royal Exchange,' and so to be called from thenceforth, and not otherwise.' * * * " Some of the rules which were then adopted to keep , the Exchange free from annoyance appear rather sin gular to a reader of the present day. We find that no fruit other than oranges and lemons might be sold in the passages leading to it. 'Boys and young rogues' found it as convenient for their play as grave citizens did for the transacting of business, and on Sundays and holidays the former created such an uproar that their seniors could not hear themselves speak.' Rat-catchers, dog sellers, and apple-venders, were attracted to the spot, and the cursing and swearing of the women, maidens, and others in the green-grocery line, caused great annoyance and grief to the passers by ;' while bears, dogs, and bulls were paraded there in the morning, to an nounce with more effect the amusemements which might be enjoyed at Bankside, perhaps at the very mo ment that Shakespeare, within the Globe Theatre, was acting in one of his own plays, towards the close of the afternoon. " From this period the Royal Exchange continued to increase in wealth and importance. Thither the nobi lity repaired to purchase the most costly articles, and the treasures of merchandise thus collected were great in value and superb" in appearance. It is des cribed in the most glowing terms by the writers of the time. Its area constantly presented an ani mated and varied scene. The merchants from fo reign parts, whose attire least resembled that of the English, usually attended in their national costume. While the English merchant appeared with his puffed-out inexpressihles, long vest, short cloak and ruffs, and p)ra midic head covering, the Flemish trader came with his fur-trimmed hat and coat and close-fitting pantaloons, and the Venetian sported long robes and an elegant bonnet, to represent the dignity of the proud republic to which he belonged. " On the death of Sir Thomas Gresham, in accor dance with the promise he had made, the whole of the Royal Exchange was left to come jointly to the City of London ai:d the Mercers' Company after the decease of his lady. It was provided that the City, out of their moiety, should pay salaries of 50/. yearly to four pro fessors, who were to give lectures gratuitously on divinity, astronomy, geometry, and music, at his late residence. They were also to pay annually 101. to Newgate, Ludgate, Wood-street Compter, and the King's Bench prison. The Mercers' Company were to pay three annual salaries of 50/. each to professors, who were to lecture on civil law, physic, and rhetoric. Besides this, 100/. was to be yearly appropriated to four quarterly dinners in their hall, for the entertainment of the company; as also 101. in every year to Christ's Hospital, and the like sum to the hospitals of St. Thomas's, Bartholomew, Bethlehem, and the Spital and the Poultry Compter. THE SECOND EXCHANGE. "Provision being made for the day by converting Gresham College into a temporary Exchange, little time was lost in preparing to erect a new one on the site of that which had been so unexpectedly destroyed. Estimates were called for, and the other preliminary steps neces sary before proceeding with a work of such magnitude were duly taken ; and that the citizens were in good earnest may be concluded from the following naive reso lution, which is given as adopted at a Sub-Committee, the 11th February, 1666,' (1666-1667 must of course be understood) : " ' Ordered, That the Right Hon. the Lord Mayor bee desired forthwith to call the Grand Committee together, to resolve what is to bee done for speedy raising of muney, the only engine that can give vigorous motion to that gent and needful worke' (the rebuilding of the Royal Exchange). "For the sake of' comparison and future reference, an accurate description of the late Exchange may not be =- acceptable. The ground plan, we read in Britton and .0 In spite of every obstacle the structure rapidly ad vanced to completion, and on the 28th of September, 1669, the second Royal Exchange was opened in due form. It was expected that on this interesting occasion the King would be present ; but he was prevented from attending, and in his absence the Lord Mayor, Sir Wil liam Turner, went through a planned ceremonial, walk ing twice round the building, and congratulating the merchants and his fellow citizens on seeing them again in an Exchange of their own. The cost of this edifice to the City and the Mercers' Comp an y is stated by Strype , on the authority of Mr. Thomas Blackmoor, according to him ' a judicious citizen and mercer,' to have been 80,0001. Mr. Burgon, however, estimates the expenses at no more than 69,9791 11s. Over the southern en trance a Latin inscription was placed, briefly recording the destruction of the former Exchange in 1666, and the erection of its more splendid successor in 1669. " Pugin's Public Buildings,' presented nearly a regular quadrangle, including a spacious open court with porti coes round it, and also on the north and south sides of the building. The front towards Cornhill was 210 feet in extent. The central part was composed of a lofty archway, opening from the middle intercolumniation of four Corinthian three-quarter columns, supporting a bold entablature, over the centre of which were the royal arms, and on eagh side a balustrade, &c., sur mounted by statues emblematical of the four quarters of the globe. Within the lateral intercolllmnmtiens, over the lesser entrance to the arcade, were riehvs containing the statues of King Charles I. and IL, in Roman licaiite, by Bushnell. The tower, which rose from the centre of tha portico, consisted of three stories. In front of the lower' stosy WaCi a niche, containing a statute of Sir Thomas Gresham ; and over the cornice, facing each of the cardinal point,;, a bust of ueasQ lull ; at the angles were colossal griffins, bearing shiejali of the pity arms, Within the second story, which was of an octagon - AN:RI with trusses at the angles, was an excellent clock with four dials ; there were also four wind dials. The upper story (whichcontained the bell) was circular, with eight supporting an entablature, sur- C t l mn i t l e h d lali br i a li lg e, - b4 *bid* " Eyes a lofty vane cf gilt brass, shaped like a gt asshopper, the crest otthe Gresham family. The attic over the columns, in a liUe with the basement of the tower, was sculptured with two alto relievos, in panels, one representing Queen Eliza beth, with attendant figures and heralds, proclaiming the original building ; and the other Britannia ' seated amidst the emblem s o f commerce, accompanied by the polite arts, manufactures, and agriculture. The height from the basement line to the top of the dome, was 123 feet and six inches. " Within the quadrangle, there avas 7 a spacious area, measuring 144 feet by 117 feet, surrounded by a wide arcade, which, as well as the area itself, was, for the general accommodation, arranged into several distinct parts,called walks, where foreign and domestic merchants, and other persons engaged in commercial pursuits, daily met. The area was paved with real Turkey stones, of a small size, the gift, as tradition reports, of a merchant who traded to that country. " In the centre, on a pedestal surrounded with an iron railing, was a statue of Charles 11., in a Roman habit, by Spitler. At the intersections of the groining was a large ornamented shield, displaying either the City arms; the arms of the M ercers ' C ompany, v i z, a maiden's head, crowned, with dishevelled hair ; or those of Gresham, namely, a chevron, ermine, between three mullets. " On the centre of each cross-rib, also, in alternate succession, was a maiden's-head, a grasshopper, and a dragon. The piazza was formed by a series of semi circular arches, springing from columns. In the span drels were tablets, &c., surrounded by festoons, scrools, and other enrichments. In the wall at the back of the arcade were twenty-eight niches, only two of which were occupied by statues, viz. that towards the north west, in which was Sir Thomas Gresham, by Cibber; and that towards the south-west, in which was Sir John Barnard, whose figure was placed here, whilst he was yet living, at the exp ense o f hi s fellow .citizens, in tea timony o his merit as a merchant, a magistrate, and a faithful representative of the City 11 Parliament. " Over the arches of the portico of the piazza were twenty-five large niches with enrichments, in which were the statues of our sovereigns ; many of these statues were formerly gilt, but the whole were latterly of a plain stone colour. Walpole says that the major part were sculp tured by Cibber. " Such was the Royal Exchange, erected in the seven• teenth century, on the site of the Burse of Sir Thomas Gresham—the increase of the metropolis, and the grow ing importance of the merchants of London, demanding that a more magnificent structure than that which rosy in the time of Elizabeth should grace the reign of Charles 11. In this, as in the former instance, the expectations of the projectors were not immediately made good, and great loss and embarrassment was the consequence:" able to the genius and liberality of the sculptor. The tableau which he has formed, pleases by its masterly grouping and intelligible representation. In the centre, the principal figure, the key-note of the whole, is a co lossal impersonation of Commerce, ten feet in height, living, of course, the prominent Point of reference for all the others: COMmerce, in this classical personification, wears a mural crown, and is accompanied by accesso ries allusive to wealth and enterprize—as a'cornucopia, beehive, &c. ; in her left hand she holds the ciarter of the Exchange, while her right is connected with part of a ship ; and the supporting pedestal consists of two dolphins and a shell. On the right hand of the figure of Commerce stands a group of three British merchants, habited in civic robes, as Lord Mayor, Alderman, and Common Councilman. Next to them are two Asiatics, natives of our Indian possessions, the one a Hindoo, the other a Mahomedan, each readily distinguishable in person as well as costume. Next is a Greek, carrying a jar; he is associated with the others by seeming to move towards them, while he is also in relation with the remaining figures, by his attention being turned towards them. The two remaining- im personations on this side are an Armenian and a Turk; the former, the banker and the scholar of the East, is occupied with a scroll; and the latter, the Osmanli mer chant, may be supposed to be busied with his daily ac counts. Ho closes the series of figures on the right, the extreme angle of the tympanum being filled with an anchor and other nautical emblems. " The first group presented on the left of Commerce shows two British merchants, robed similarly to those on the right; and to whom a Persian is showing some woven fabric. To him immediately succed a Chinese, a sailor of the Levant, and a negro, followed by an unmistakable British sailor, cording a bale of cotton. The remaining figure is a supercargo or factory agent, or some other commercial functionary; and this angle of the tympanum is filled with jars, packages, &c. " Having described the external appearance of the new Exchange, it only romans to notice the interior. Here we find an open court, something like the cortili of the Italian palaces. The ground floor consists of Doric columns and rusticated arches ; over them is a series of lonic columns, with arches and windows surmounted by a highly ornamented pierced parapet, The effect of this court is very light, magnificent, and ornamental, but still consistent with its uses and purposes. The key-stones of the arches of the superior story are decorated with the arms of all the nations of the world, in the order determined at the Con gress of Vienna. The arms of England are in the centre of the eastern side. This area is open, which is the result of the determination, not of the architect, nor of the Gresham Committee, but of the merchants of Lon don. In the first instance, and before any steps were taken, the leading members of that body were applied to on this subject, and the decision of a very large majority was in favour of an uncovered area. " The ambulatory, or merchants' walk, is very spacious and well sheltered. The ceiling is divided by beams and panelling, highly painted and decorated in encaustic. In the centre of each panel, on the four sides, the arms of the nations are repeated, emblazoned in their proper colours; and in the four angles are the arms of Edward the Confessor, Edward 111., Elizabeth, and Charles 11. In the south-east angle is a statue of Queen Elizabeth, by Watson; and in the south-west a marble statue of Charles 11., which formerly stood in the centre of the Old Exchange, and which escaped the fire unscathed. " In explanation of the above, it will not be unim portant here to mention, that Edward the Confessor granted the first and most important charters to the City, and in Edward llL's time the City of London began to assume its commercial importance. The arms of both these kings occur constantly in the ancient de corations of Guildhall. Those of Elizabeth and Charles 11. are introduced with their statues, for reasons too obvious to need explanation. " In eight small circular panels in the ambulatory are introduced the arms of the three Mayors, viz., Pirie, Ilumphery, and Magnay ; and also the three Masters of the Mercers' Company—Poole, Sutton, and Watney, who have respectively held office during the erection of the building. The arms of the Chairman of the Gresham Committee, Mr. IL L. Jones ; and of the architect, Mr. Tite, complete the heraldic embellishments. The ambu latory is paved with Yorkshire stone, marked out into panels by margins and lines of black stone called Castle hill, with squares of red Aberdeen granite at the inter sections. " The open area is paved with a tesselated pavement of the most elegant and varied patterns, after the best Roman examples. The tessene, of which this pave ment is composed, are burnt to a great hardness, and having cast ircn channels to carry off the water, will always yield a dry and clean surface. " Such is the edifice now raised on the ruins of the late Royal Exchange. As already mentioned, a building of such magnitude was never carried up in stone within a period so limited ; a building which, whether consi dered in reference to its obvious utility, or its beauty as a piece of architecture, reflects infinite honour on the talent and unwearing diligence which could begin and carry to completion so worthy an ornament to the greatest city in the world." WATERFORD AND LIMERICK RAILWAY.—A rail way from Waterford to Limerick, via Carrick-on-Suir, Clonmel, Caber, and Tipperary, has been brought for ward under most powerful patronage, and with a list of local Directors more influential than we have seen for a long time. The engineer is Mr. Vignoles, with whom lies the honour of having been the first to construct a railway in Ireland. The length is about 70 miles, and so easy is the country, that it is believed the works will cost only 10,0001. a mile, The capital is 750,000/., in 50L hares, with a deposit of 2/. lOs. A return of at least six per cent. is anticipated. The promoters in their prospectus very properly repudiate the newly-revived quackery of paying interest on calls.—Railway Record. The forgery of Bank of England notes which we mentioned on Friday is expected to create a great ex citement on the Continent. A fraud of the kind on so large a scale has probably never been known in the Eu ropean cities ; and it is not unlikely that during the panic a great many notes may be sent over here to be cashed. _ _ _ _ It is asserted by those who had the privilege of observing it, that the attachment which tho Royal chil dren evinced towards his Majesty Louis Philippe during his late visit to Windsor was as remarkable as it was cr ratifying. His Majesty exercised no less fascination over their infant minds, than over those of the matured individuals of all classes who had the honour of ap proaching him. His politeness to the ladies of the Court will be long remembered, and will serve as a model for all Kings and Princes who wish to conciliate esteem with out losing any portion of their dignity.—Court Journal. The Wymondham and Dereham 'Railroad Company has purchased the property of the late Thomas Smith, Esq., and lately occupied by Colonel Oakes, at Dereham, for their terminus, and certainly a most advantageous situation for the purpose, being nearly in the centre of the town. We understand the buildings are to be com menced immediately ; arrangements are being entered into for the purchase of the land for the entire line, and the Company anticipate having it nearly completed by the time the Act is sanctioned. Surveyors arc actively engaged in taking their levels and observations for bringing their lines of rails into Dereham, from Lynn, Wells, and other places ; if all the lines are carried out now contemplated, Dereham must form a junction of some importance.—Norwich Mercury. A country Correspondent informs us that an ex press with dispatches from Sir Robert Peel arrived at Powis Castle, the seat of Earl Powis, between two and three o'clock on Tuesday morning ; that another express from the same high quarter arrived at Powis Castle at six o'clock on Wednesday evening ; and that a reply to both expresses was immediately dispatched to London by the Noble Earl. The quidnuncs in the country are represented to be full of conjectures as to the subject matter of this correspondence ; but the general belief is that the Lord-Lieutenantcy of Ireland has been offered to Earl Powis.—Times. CORONER'S INQUEST AT THE ETON UNION WORK HOUSE.—SLOUGH, FRIDAY.—The inquiry into the cause of the death of an illegitimate male child, belong ing to Martha Hitch, before Mr. Charsley, one of the Coroners for the county of Berks, which was adjourned on Wednesday last, was resumed at two o'clock this afternoon, in the board-room at the workhouse. Mr. Rigby, the gentleman in whose house the mother of the deceased lived as cook ; Mr. Rigby, solicitor ; Mr. Maurice Swabey, one of the county magistrates ; the chaplain of the union, Dr. Dodsworth ; and some of the guardians, were present during the inquiry, which lasted nearly four hours. The jury returned a verdict of " Died from natural causes, and that no blame is to be attached to any one." The Berlin journals state that Lord Palmerston, previous to leaving that capital for Dresden, paid a long visit to M. de Cornelius, and conferred with him on the subject of the fresco paintings with which it is intended to adorn the new Parliament Houses, his Lordship being one of the committee for directing the decoration of that edifice. Lord Palmerston was to leave Dresden on the sth for Vienna. - - THE RUMOURED ROYAL VISIT TO BURGIILEY.— For these two years past it has been repeatedly stated from Burghley that Queen Victoria was on the point of visiting the Marquis of Exeter. This story is now renewed ; and it is added that great preparations are making at Burghley House for the reception of her Majesty, who is expected on the 4th of next month. It is even said that so large a retinue is expected with her Majesty, that it is necessary to fit up the house of the late Edward Brown, Esq., in Stamford (which, after his death, was purchased by the Marquis of Exeter), in order to accommodate some of the guests.—Stamford Mercury. We are happy to be enabled to state that, on the occasion of the Queen's visit to the City, on Monday, her Majesty will lay aside her mourning, and appear in a full court dress of white. Full court dresses will also be adopted by the ladies who have received invitations to attend, and we learn that a great variety of gorgeous costumes are already in preparation. At this dull season of the year, her Majesty's determination on this point is calculated to give an important impetus to trade. —Court Journat The boats employed in the herring fishery are doing much better than they were last year. The quantity of herrings shipped to the London market on one day last week, from Yarmouth and Lowestoft, amounted to the enormous quantity of 91 lasts.—S'idfoik Chropicle. EXPLOSION AT Ti q W*STMINfiTER OAS WoßKs. On Friday morning, about five o'clock, the workpeople ui w ta e l; . l e e and others employed upon the of a terrific eulo*ion which suddenly took place in am ) of the principal rooms adjosning the gasometer. William tGharoswncoirimtpo Comp any, ato oorfsveofnerrsidye.crsoabpdire,7lWaisreincsstotT:nitttiiseteErcie consequence Godwin, who had charge of that department, was found ". har± !r, a state of insensibility, and his ingse aansdatimeaod4sotqmdueeryh d o ii. e fiLu n ce a d ti w o . u it . h b i tir e n w s as prompyly removed to Westminster 4osPittd,..and hopes are given of Lila spredy recoveri. GREAT ANTI-CORN-LAW LEAGUE MEETING AT MANCHESTER. MANCIIESTER, FRIDAY MORNING.—The League opened their winter campaign of agitation in Manches ter by one of the most crowded meetings in the Great Free Trade Hall which has ever yet been assembled in that building. The admission was by ticket, and so great was the number of applications, and the anxiety manifestal to be present, that not a place was to be had, except for the few seats reserved, after Wednesday noon. Among the principal persons present were—Richard Cobden, Esq., M.P. for Stockport ; John Bright, Esq., M.P. fur Durham ; Thomas Bazley, jun., Esq.; William Evans, Esq. ; Thomas Woolley, Esq.; Samuel Lee, Esq. ; Peter Seville, Esq. (Oldham) ; Samuel Eveleigb, Esq. ; Edward Shawcross, Esq.; Joseph Brotherton, jun., Esq. ; J. Atkinson, Esq. ; R. Nicholson, Esq. ; J. Whitlow, Esq.; D. Ainsworth, Esq.; C. J. S. Walker, Esq,; W. R. Callender, Esq.; T. Chadwick, Esq.; Wil liam Morris, Esq.; J. Charlton, Esq.; William Shuttle - worth, Esq.; Higgins, Esq.; T. Whitworth, Esq.; William Lockett, Esq. (Mayor of Salford); J. T. Crook, Esq. (of Liverpool); P. Walker, Esq. (Patricroft); W. Walker, Esq. (London); Charles Cobden, Esq., W. Raw son, Esq., A. Prentice, Esq., Thomas Bright, Esq., Jacob Bright, Esq., jun., R. Maley, Esq. (Nlottram); R. R. Moore, Esq., William Rowland, Esq., J. B. Scott, Esq., T. Woodcock, Esq., John Shuttleworth, Esq., W. Sale, Esq., John Shawcross, Esq. (Gorton) ; Alderman Armitage, Esq., F. A. Atkinson, Esq. Mr. Cobden and Mr. Bright entered the hall, accom panied by the members of the Committee of the League, who had arrived precisely at the time the meeting had been advertised to commence (half-past seven o'clock), and were received with great and prolonged cheering. George Wilson, Esq., took the chair, and called upon Mr. Hickin, secretary to the League, to read the minutes of the last meeting in London; and these minutes were then, on the motion of Alderman Callender, seconded by Alderman C. J. S. Walker, approved by the meeting. The CHAIRMAN then said—Ladies and Gentleman, if there should happen to be any strong monopolist here this evening, I would ask him if he believes the rumours circulated by his party as to the death of the League.— (Laughter and applause.) I would ask him to look at this meeting, and judge for himself how far it is worth his while to place any reliance on the veracity ofa party. instrumental in circulating reports to which this immense gathering gives such a triumphant and practical refute tion.—(Loud applause.) Ladies and gentlemen, after a comparatively " still" public life of the League for some ten weeks past, we resume our meetings here this even • ing; and it will be my duty to give you some informa tion as to what has been the occupation of the League during the last ten weeks, in order that you may inform yourselves and judge for yourselves, whether, at this particular season of the year, there could have been any other business in which they could engage, so likely to contribute to the success of the cause of free trade, as that in which they have been occupied.—(Applause.) Some months ago we made no secret of a resolution to which the Council of the League had then come, to in stitute a searching inquiry into the condition of the re gister of nearly 140 boroughs of the country ; and we were compelled to do this from the knowledge that some one should do it, and that no other body existed, whose funds, whose agents, whose correspondence, and informa tion in every other respect, entitled them to do this so fully as the League.—(Hear, hear.) And although we have heard that the League have undertaken to do many things for which they have deserved the censure of their opponents, I have never heard it said of them that they had undertaken anything in which they have manifested a deficiency of energy in the business, and that energy, I will undertake to say, has never been shown to greater advantage than in the present regis tration.—(Applause.) The moment we announced our intention, a cry was set up as to the unconstitutional proceedings of the League.—(Laughter). " Oh" it is said, " Look here ! here is the League going to pry into every one of those snug little properties that have escaped schedule A. What business has the League to inquire into those little family jointures of men, who, as Byron de scribes them, were only born to hunt, and vote, and raise the price of corn!' "—(Applause and laughter.) They were greatly offended at this interference; some threatened to resign—some of them thought it was of no use to have a Parliament if these things were not to be put an end to, or to have an Attorney-General, or to have law, or anything else.—(Laughter and applause.) Now, what is this interference of the League atter all ? The League is a great, a national body; it has its ramifica tions in every district of the country, and its registered members in every district. It may have its head-quar ters in Manchester or London, or elsewhere, but still it is the recognised organ of free trade in the country, and, as such, it has its agents in every part of the country. Well, what then? The members of the League are the agents of the League for that district, and, as such, have a right to interest themselves and interfere in the repre sentation of those districts; and we say that we interfere by correspondence and otherwise in perfect good-will and fairness in those districts, and upon these letters and information we determine what steps we shall take in that locality where we are requested to interfere; and in no other case.—(Hear, hear.) What is the nature of this interference? We want to make the honest voter an independent and free voter.—(Hear, hear.) We in terfere, not to bribe or corrupt, but to enable the honest voter to drive away the corruptor and briber from his premises. We interfere to show him that the vote is his, and to be given for the best interests of himself and fellow-countryman, and not to be used by any man for the advancement of his own purposes. Well, gentlemen, we are here to-night to give some account of these last ten weeks' work in the registration in different parts of the country—not merely here, but in the country gene rally, though more especially in these districts, which were the birth-place of the League.—(Applause.) And first, as to the boroughs of South Lancashire. Well, we all know the position of the boroughs in South Lan cashire at the last general election. The boroughs re turned at that election twelve free traders and ten monopolists. There were seven boroughs which re turned free traders (or a free trader), and five which returned monopolists (or a monopolist). There were two boroughs which returned one and one ; and of the other boroughs there was one which re turned a free trader (who has become a monopolist), and another which returned a free trader, who was un seated on petition ; but the Members for each side of the question are 12 and 10, as I have already stated. Well, over and above these we have four county Mem bers making fourteen monopolists to twelve free traders for the county and boroughs together ; and I am sure no man in this room, knowing the state of feeling, but will say it is high time such a condition of things was put an end to.—(Hear, hear.) Well, then, I hold in my hand a list, showing the result of the attempts made to purge the register in the boroughs ; and in the first place I would draw your attention to this fact, that in four of the boroughs returning seven free traders, the monopolists have never shown their face in the registra tion courts—a pretty fair proof that the change of opi nion, and the attention of the free traders to the regis tration has induced them to look with no expectation to the likelihood of altering the state of things in those bo roughs.—(Applause.) Now, those boroughs are—Man chester (returning two Members), Salford (returning one Member), Preston (returning two Members), and Oldham (returning two Members) ; in all these boroughs on the recent revision, the alteration has been on the side of the free traders, and the monopolists have not shown their faces.—(Applause.) Then we have, in ad dition, three boroughs returning free traders at the last election, in which the gain on the registration this time has been so considerable as to place the Members of the boroughs out of danger. These are Ashton, Bolton, and Rochdale.—(Hear, hear.) You have, then, seven bo roughs in this county, returning ten Members to Parlia ment, in each of which there is not the slightest possi bility of a monopolist being returned to Parliament, provided a general election took place upon the present register.—(Loud applause.) Then we have two bo roughs which return one and one • and I blush to name as the first that of Bolton, whichreturned at the last election two free traders, but the only man who has thought proper to change his opinions on this question against us the town of Bolton has the misfortune to re turn to Parliament.—(Hear, and a laugh.) Well, the gain there is 57. The register was fully as good last year as at the last election, and there is no doubt that, at another election the burgesses of that borough will amply retrieve the mistake of the last election, and re turn two good free traders.—(Great applause.) The next place is Wigan ; and this was the only loss we have had ; we have gained, in 13 cases out of 14 ; we have had a loss there of two votes, and we give them the full benefit of it.—(Laughter and applause.) We have next Clitheroe, which was represented at the last election by a free trader, but who was unseated on petition. The state of the borough on this revision is such as to render the return of a free trader safe there=-at least our infor mation leads us to this belief, and we have the infornuts don upon good authority. Then we have the borough of Lancaster, which returns two monopolists ; the gain on the revision there is greater than to cover the majo rity by which the highest of the monopolist candidates was returned at the last election.—(Hear, hear.) The borough of Lancaster may be considered, with exertion, safe, should an election take place on this register. — (Applause.) We next come to Blackburn, which re turns two monopolists to Parliament. _T he ci l L ig ti h o e n st ha o d f the monopolist candidates ther e at the lest of more than not a majority h a lf of what we have gained e this year, and the borough of of Blackburn . may be added .. this year to the gain. At Warrington toe gain ou the revision is 32 votes. Our friend* there believe it quite sufficient to change the representative for a free trader e L,: c wan..—(Applause.) I have now shown at the next that we shall have a gain if an election takes place on this register in the case of Bolton, two in the case t , f Lancaster, two in the case of Blackburn, and one in the case of Warrington ; and we come lastly to the borough • o f Liverpool. I wish I could rep or t o f t h e borough of Liverpool as of the ethers, but I am happy to say, though suell is not the ease, th a t t h ere has - b - e - e ' n a 61;1 on behalf of the free traders of 452 over their Qp,po nents.—(Loud applause)—and. that that close repeated will be sufficient to change tail representation town.—(.l4ar. TIPIN'' we' come to theuntoyf. thatlye knot!pesition of S out h Lancashire.. On the one hand you have evidence of I g Ly ,11(3 gigantic a,mo t ofJll4 TC4teat amount, I may un , energy, of industry, of ea -1441i and wetilth ever seen and, on the other, Tou hay e NEW ROYAL EXCHANGE. "From the dates which have been given, it will be seen that the new Royal Exchange has been completed in less than three years; and being all of stone, is justly considered the most extraordinary instance of dispatch that these railroad times have witnessed. It stands nearly due east and west ; the extreme length, from the portico on the west to the columns on the east, is 308 feet. The plan is much broader at the east end than the west, the width of the portico being 96 feet, the ex treme width of the west end 119 feet, and of the east end 175 feet. The dimensions of that part appropriated for the meeting of the merchants, is an area of no less than 170 feet by 112 feet, of which 111 feet by 53 are uncovered and open to the sky. " The diameter of the columns is 4 feet 2 ; their height, including the base and capital, 41 feet ; the ex treme height to the apex of the pediment at the west end is 74 feet ; and the height of the tower at the east to the top of the vane, 177 feet. " The general disposition of the plan is es follows : At the west- end is a portico of eight Corinthian co lumns, with two intercolumniations in actual projection, and the centre part deeply recessed in addition. The principal western entrance is under this portico, which is ascended by thirteen granite steps from the level of the street. The whole west end is appropriated to the offices of The Royal Exchange Assurance for assuring Shipping., Fire, and Lives,' the entrance to their offices being on the right and left of the great western entrance. " The great eastern entrance is under the tower. After passing through it, there is a small area for giving light and air to the inner mass of that part of the building, and at the north end of this area is the entrance to the important establishment of Lloyd's. At the centre of the building, on the north and south, there are also en trances to the merchants' area. " The south front is one unbroken line of pilasters, with rusticated arches on the ground-floor for shops and entrances, the three middle spaces being deeply recessed; over these are richly decorated windows, and above the cornice there are a balustrade and attic. The north side differs considerably from the south ; for in this case the centre projects, and the pilasters are omitted at the end spaces. The arches of the ground-floor are rusticated, and the same windows occur above as on the south side, but with two exceptions, which are formed into niches. In one of them will be a statue of Sir Hugh Myddelton, by Joseph ; and in the other one of Sir Richard Whit tington, by Carew. The former worthy citizen is cele brated for having brought the New River to London, and the latter, a merchant and a mercer, founded and endowed some of the noblest charities of the City. " The east front is marked in the centre by four Co rinthian columns, from which rises the tower. The first story of the tower is square, with ornamental pilasters at the angles ; on the east front is a niche, in which will be placed a statue of Sir Thomas Gresham, by Behnes ; above this is an attic for the clock faces. The next story of the tower is circular, decorated with Co rinthian columns, and crowned by a dome carved vk ith leaves. The vane is the famous grasshopper that was on the old Exchange ; it was not mnch injured by the fire, and has been restored. It is of copper gilt, and is eleven feet long. In the tower is a peal of fifteen bells for the chimes, cast by Mears ; and the clock was constructed by Mr. Dent, the eminent clock-maker of the Strand, under the direction of Professor Airoy, the Astronomer Royal, and the first stroke of each hour is true to a second of time. The citizens will thus be enabled, by this exertion of mechanical skill, to obtain the exact time in London with as much accuracy as could be obtained by a visit to the Observatory at Greenwich. " The one-pair, or principal floor, is occupied by four suites of apartments ; the principal of these, it has-been seen, is appropriated to the underwriters' establishment of Lloyd's. Lloyd's occupies all the east end, and a principal part of the north side. The greater part of the west end is appropriated to the Royal Exchange Assur ance offices. The south side is principally occupied by the ancient corporation of the London Assurance, having an entrance and offices on the same side on the ground floor ; and on the remaining part of the south and west are a suite of offices originally intended for the lecture rooms and offices of Gresham College, but at present unappropriated. "'The offices of the Royal Exchange and London As surance consist of board-rooms, secretaries' offices, and all the usual arrangements for such establishments on the most liberal and extensive scale ; having, in addition, a series of apartments in the mezzanine, or entresol. In many cases the rooms on the second floor are lighted from the roof ; and strong-rooms, vaults, and other apart ments are provided in the basement story. " Lloyd's contains several magnificent apartments : the staircase is very convenient, and even grand in its arrangements, the steps being fourteen feet wide each, of Cragleith stone, in one length. The subscribers' room for the business of underwriting is 100 feet long by 48 feet wide. This noble apartment runs from north to south on the east side of the quadrangle, or mer chants' area ; attached to this is a library or reading room, with a gallery round, furnished with maps and charts. The captains' room, the board room, and the clerks' offices, occupy the eastern end. Along the north front is another spacious chamber, called the commer cial room, 80 feet long, which is intended as a sort of commercial club room for all strangers visiting London for the purposes of business. These large apartments are lighted from the ceilings, and also from windows opening into the merchants' area. They are highly de corated, consistently with their purposes, well warmed and ventilated, and are certainly the finest rooms of their kind in the City of London. " The ground-floor of the Exchange, like Sir Thomai Gresham's Exchange, aid the one last destroyed, is ap propriated mainly to shops and off.c.m. Each tenement or shop is complete in itself, having, in addition to the ground-floor, a room over, and a basement beneath, sepa rated by party walls and brick arches of great strength, from their neighbor re,and fr( m such apartments as may happen to be over them. The same arragepients for preventing the spread of' fire apply to the other'divisions of the building, so that it seems impossible that acalamity confinedu i ldi ng , dmilar to that which has twice destroyed the Royal Ex change can again occur. A single shop, or even one of burnt, but o f mtaoy be that portion the structure where it happe ns ; and in this sense the present building is fire - proo f. inscription, recording the foundat ion of the original the e e l fi a r r e ger must div b is e ie l n im s i e te f d tb a e n d b " There is on the frieze of th e portico the following building in the 13th year of Q uee n Elizabeth, and its re storation in the Bth of her p rese nt gracious Majesty:— ' ANNO XIII. ELIZABETHIE It. CONDITUM. ANNO VIII. VICTORLIE R. RESTAURATUM.' " Occupying the key-stones of the three great arches, there are in the centre the me rch ants' mark of Gresham; tohcfiothfyi—tshe day,portico, ortico nCd sword and mace, with h and in the attic, and on the key-stones of the s ide arch a esth t ea e arrmstsole of of the acmraeelractiihsle.a merchantemblems n a adventurers e ts r ho s ue the several dates of Queen Elizabeth's reign and the pre sent year ; and in the lower panels, mantels containing the initials of Queen Elizabeth and Queen Victoria, respectively. Over the three centre arches, on the south side, are the arms of Gresham, the City, and the Mer- cers' Company, and the same are repeated at the east end on the entablature. Over the three centre arches of the north front are the following mottos, viz., in the centre that of Sir Thomas Gresham, 'n old French Fortun a my ; on the dexter side, the city motto, Domine dirig3 nos, and on the sinister, the motto of the Mercers' Company, Honor Deo. " SCULPTURE OVER THE PEDIMENT. "At the west end the tympanum of the pediment is adorned with sculpture by Mr. Richard Westmacott, con sisting of allegorical representations of commerce, ex hibiting the English merchant in some few of the nume rous interesting positions which it is his high destiny to Peßpy, in transacting, it would scarcely be too much to say, the business of all the earth for to what strange land, to what remote clime, has not his enterprise ex tended ? Without a figure, he may proudly ask, with /Eneas, Qute redo in terris nostri plena lobo', is?' and the world . , it may be remarked, is now known to be nearly twice as large as it was supposed to be In the days of the old Trojan. The figures are seventeen in num ber. They fill the tympanum, or highest compartment, of the western front, and are carved in compact lime, Stone, the aclinirable phisellina of O l io in great m+•asure atones for the nonreinploytnent of marble. They are not merely in alto ?diem, as Mr. Wotmacott's engagement with the City stipulated ; but, wlti, two ex 7 ceutions, they are modelled as entire and detached nthe 4dures that' in the centre 4 ter} fecP high, q'n standard °Me 'Other limps is seven feet• This 44 9' . , ;- 'act highly honour iiiiproveinsnt upon the original compact S 1r f l.i W .12 , T , - -`7. , ,Z/1,1-1 a landed proprietary with a territory alms. ;in a s s)a ' ,''. in any other county. At the last election, thp `iss e es-- ". 27 ss___ test on free trade principles, we a ll k now :- ' ' 'IM ! - majority which gained the victory of the moreMsiiiest carrrc, AA didate. It has been no secret that th e wor k o f registre'l"-: tion has been going on ever since that time. The monoplists placarded the walls immediately the contest was over, inviting their friends to come and claim to be on the register, and the League gave them due notice to put their house in order, and hold themselves ready against another election—(Applause) --and if they have not done so, it is for the best of all reasons, because they could not.—(Hear, bear.) Well, the first reports from the monopolists of what we were doing was an index to what would be the result, for they began to cry out against the shameful number of objections made by the free traders.—(Laughter.) We admit there were a great number, and why? We took the register, and every one knows that it was in a most shameful state. The properties giving qualifications were described in the most vague manner. We took the registration in our hands, and w ith the greatest anxiety to place it in the best possible state, we induced 2,600 of our friends to reclaim, in order that they might give, as they were bound to do, the best and fairest description they could of the property for which they claimed to vote.—(Hear, hear.) Then we objected to our opponents, finding they had not done so, on that ground; and I am sure no man here will feel sympathy for men wishing to remain on the register with a wrong description, while they had it in their power to amend that description.—(Hear, hear.) We had not the means of striking off these voters if they attended before the barristers ; but we considered ourselves justified, in order that we might have the de scriptions corrected and given in accordance with the law. Most of you are probably aware of the result of the last election fur South Lancashire. There were 14,544 votes given for the two candidates together— being for Entwisle 7,571, and for Brown 6,973, and leav ing a majority for Entwisle of 598. On the objections against those 7,571 voters who polled for Entwisle, we struck off 878 at the revision. —(Loud and repeated rounds of applause.) And of the 6,973 who voted for Brown, our opponents have struck off 422; we striking off upwards of two to their one, and having a majority or gain on the of over them of 456, and within 142 of the whole majority by which Mr. Brown was defeated at the late contest.—(Loud applause.) Then, again, at this revision, there were 4,282 new claims ; of these the free traders made 3,141, and established 2,B2l—(Loud applause)—being a failure of only 320 of the whole of the claims made. So much for the reports propagated, week after week, that the free traders were filling the registers with spurious claims ! The number of claims made by the monopolists was 1,841, of which they established I,3s7—being a failure in 484 cases, and giving us a majority on the clai m s o f 1,464 votes.—(Cheers.) Well, then there arc 109 new claims, belonging to parties whose opinions we have not yet had time to ascertain; but we willgive the monopolists the whole of these, and we shall still have a gain on this revision, taking claims and objections together, of 1,751 votes.—(Great and prolonged cheering.) Now, it is quite right that we should see in what districts this great gain has been accomplished. In the first place, in the polling district of Ashton, we have 40 of the 1,751 ; in Bolton, 142 ; in the district of Bury, 75 ; in that of Wigan, 11 ' • in that of Ormskirk, 17 ; i n th a t o f Old ham, 102—(Applause)—in that of New ton,lo6—(Bravo) —in that of Rochdale, 233—(Applause) —at Liverpool, 490—(Applause)—and in the district of Manchester, 704. —(Loud cheers.) This makes a tot a l o f 1,920, from which deduct the 169 unascertained ones, and that leaves us a gain of 1,761. Th en t a k e from these 1,920 the 598 majority of Entwisle at the last election, and the 169 unascertained, a eking altogether 767, and we have a working majority upon this register of 1,153 votes. — (Loud cheers.) An analysis of the new register, there fore, shows of old electors (free traders), 6,551 ; new electors (free traders), 2,821 • total free traders on th e register, 9,372. Of the old electors, be ing monopolists, 6,093 ; ditto, new electors, 1,357 ; neu t ra l s , 16 9; l eav i ng a total of 8,219,•0r a working majority, as already stated, of 1,153. (Applause.) And now, gentlemen, we come to the Northern Division. We have not dune much there, but . we have done something ; we have obtained a gain there upon the revision, with comparatively little exertion, of 533.—(Applause.) The result has been, then, to give us a gain of 533 votes for North Lancashire; to give us two seats for South Lancusaire—(Cheers)— and to leave the monopolists three seats in the boroughs, or five out of the whole 26 Members for the entire county; and I think you will agree with me that there never was, in the history of registration, so complete a sweep of a county as this has been.—(Loud cheers.) I have also in my hand a list of returns for 70 out of the 140 boroughs over which the League has exercised some in fluence, and of these there are 68 in which there has been a clear gain upon the registration—in some a great gain ; but less or more in all.—(Applause.) Well, now we will leave these results to speak for themselves. They are here before the country. Our opponents may gather from them whether the League has been dead or slum bering, and they will, accordingly, derive what consola tion they may from them.—(Applause.) . We have con centrated our energies on these points. We thought it was where, for the season, our efforts were most re quired ; and although I may say we have done much, I believe the League is but yet in its infancy, and that in opening up this field of labour, it is occupying ground not before occnpied, and to which the exertions before made afford no parallel.—(Loud cheers.) I now beg leave to call upon Mr. Cobden to address the meeting. RICHARD COBDEN, Esq., M.P., then came forward. After much cheering the Hon. Gentleman said—Mr. Chairman, ladies, and gentlemen, I congratulate you upon this magnificent meeting. I was thinking as I sat there, that probably there never had been so many per sons assembled under a roof in England or in Europe as we have at this great League meeting : and the occasion and circumstances under which we meet afford the most encouraging sy niptoms—(Hear) —encouraging, inasmuch as they . prove that it is from no t r ansi en t mo ti ve th at you have joined together in this great cause—(Hear)—that it is not from the pressure of distress, temporary dis tress, that you have banded yourselves together—that the cause of free trade is, in your minds, something more than a remedy for present evils—that you look at it, under all circumstances, as a great and absorbing truth, and that your minds crave for it with an intel lectual and moral craving which has made it almost a part of the religion of your souls.— (Hear, hear, and ap plause.) I venture to say that this meeting, held under these circumstances, with no pressure or excitement to call you together, will have more weight, more effect, upon public opinion than a score of those assemblies we used to hold when we were driven together, as it were, under the pressure of local and temporary distress.— (Cries of "Hear, hear.") And quiet as have been those statisical statements that you have heard from our chairman, I venture to say they will strike more terror into the ranks of the monopolists than the loudest demonstrations, or the most brilliant'declama don with which we have tried to interest you.—(Cheers.) Upon the subject of this registration there is one thought that occurred to me as our chairman was giving you an account of the proceedings in the county revi sion. It is this—that the counties are more vulnerable than the small pocket boroughs, if we can rouse the free traders of the country into a systematic effort, such as we have exercised in the case of South Lancashire.— (Hear, hear.) In many of the small boroughs there is no increase in the numbers ' • there is no extension of houses ; the whole property belongs to a neighbouring noble, and you can no more touch the votes which he holds through the property than you can touch the balance in his banker's hands.—(Hear, hear, and a laugh.) Now, the county constituency may be increased indefinitely. It requires a qualification of 408. a year in a freehold property to give a man a vote for a county. I think our landlords made a great mistake when they retained • the 40s. freehold qualification ; and mark my words, it is a rod in pickle for them.—(A. laugh and cheers.) I should not be surprised if it does for us what it did for Catholic Emancipation, and what it did for the Reform Bill—give us the means of carrying free trade ; and if it should, the landlords will, very likely, try to serve us as they did the 40s. freeholders in Ireland when we have done the work.—(Hear, hear, and Oh, oh.) The 40s. franchise for the county was established five or six centuries ago. At that time a man, in the constitu tional phraseology of the time, was deemed to be a 1 " yeoman," and entitled to political rights, provided h e had 40s. a year clear to spend. That was at that time a subsistence for a man, probably it was equal to the rental -of 100 acres of land. What is it now ? With the vast diffusion of wealth among the middle classes, which then did not exist, and among a large portion lam happy to say in this district of the superior clans of operatives too, that 40s. franchise is become merely nominal, and is within the reach of every man who has the spirit to acquire it.—(Cheers.) I say, then, in r;,very city where there is a lake town population, 1 - ,s in Lancashire, the West Riding of Yorkshire, &nail Staffordshire, orth Cheshire, Middlesex, StuTey, Kent, and many other counties I could name—in fact, every county bordering upon the seacoast or having manufactures in it, may be won, and easily won, if the people can be roused to a sys tematic effort to qualify themselves for the vote in the way in which the South Lancashire people have reached to this qualification. We find counties can be won by that means and no other. It is the custom, sometimes, for OTC so • many to put their savings into the m sa i v il i i o l ts s ' , -b o a l o . k , I be lieve there are fourteen or fifteen the in confi deposited. I would not say deuce in that security, but I say y a t rth ; it is the only a "r i t i l er t e o i e s '' 'iro n investment so secure as the freehold of the earth with the in vestmentproperty.— that gives a vote l to this—it costs a man (Hear, hear.) We come, othen, _tn 6 it o - i i —i o cHe a ur, cottage and :: laugh.) He buys in many of the neighbouring towns nothing to have avo h tti s given-3 01 v en -3 0/ or f p r ro t p h e e rty c° - he has then the intf:rest of his money, he has sell when he wants it, and he has his vote in the bargaln.—(Loud cheers and cries of " hear,") ( Sometimes a parent, wishing to teach a son to be eco twhielipdroopietr;ty to -, . eco nomical and saving, gives him a set of nest eggs in a savings' bank; I say to such a parent, " Make your son, at twenty-ono years, a freeholder ;itis an act of duty, for you make him thereby an independent freeman, put it in his power to defend himself and his children from n in ul t i li e e s i p n o e ll x in te g ilt bo o o f t . h ter t r o ito lAr ry: political oppression—(Loud cheers)—and you make that s m e a a n r , i s ty! o t l o t k 6o4, th a h n is e e r ev a e l or to Mr. Egerton."—(Renewed cheers.): This must be done. In order to be upon the next year's register, it requires only that you should be in possession of a free hold before the 31 s t o f next January.—(Hear, hear.) We shall probably be told that " this is very indiscreet , — what is the use of coming out in public and announcing such a plan as this, when your enemies can take advan tage of it as well as you !' My first answer to that is., that our opponents, the monopolists, cannot take ad.van tage of it as well as we.—(Hear, hear.) In the first place very few men are from conviction or prejudice monopolists, unless their capacity for inquiry, or their sympathies, have been blunted by already possessing an undue share of wealth.—(Hear, hear.) In the next place, if they wish to urge upon others of a rank below them to qualify for a vote, they cannot trust them with the use of the vote when they have got it.—(Hear, and cheers.) But apart from that, I would answer those