The Sun. — London, England, 1845-05-16 00:00:00

of this PROTESTANT ASS 0 ClaAjenTN. . A T he annual meeting of the member .+ an "ssociation was held in the large hall, Exeter Hal, on Wedesday. The Right Hon. the chair. the t h e body of e the Earl of Winchilsea in Tee meeting was numerously attended, env by ladies) ; and all and the gallery being filled (Pri ePon the platform surrounding the - G , rdon, dges, Captain - Gordon, 3 R .v e "'" biesby Mackwo ' rth, Sir Brooke Bry r were gy m' 4 . G. lit`Gleee Rev. Tble:C , hai D •rm .D an ., e . ALuilv Holborn ; Rev. Dr. ie Robinson rector' of St. Andrew's, Rolloway, &e. , The Cneletetax having acknowledged . the compliment to had ar !Jade, honour paid him in placing him in the ri Teee to remark upon the imortant crisis which e 0 in the history of the Constitution y ears had en ,eltary which , hefor the last thirty-sixage of seven of this Protestant ,4arored to maintain. It was at the early e at a public meeting. fee i'aeeli,echaat he had first raised his J voice Protestant principles .. e e• tin defence of those e ",.',", Hlat Protestant Constituti h on e , h r t o h n e sa m o a f in H te a n u a o n v c e e r o h f whichldil er'ewroofultyti title by whicl i e t e on nieh the Whigs looked uphon asgrvaealatelreessli,gidaohlmlal:rdrhieienecitcp'ellerrs i•i-'eet..ee...rva ativee— self-styled Conservatives—ha Constitution ll_ eZPI g-stone to power. And those were the great prine ( i ) - f 4?eeehe Protestant principles of gloriousour ,re he (elle° , Mid State --which they were ae, re.) They had, session after —.meat, - rtLestahlished i salon, of med to see attacks made on t s h es e Protestant religion, further Would, n this Corporation and Test . Ac emi t v s an pare...M he would say, that no gi?egarcl than to relie h e ~ the Dissenters from their and wou l i d ' 40t _Quid, but he said now, had saidl d a i t sa t b h i e l i t t im i e se tiithat thfiti,aZise d i e o t n t l e lets extend as h relief be conflned to Christians. am Those 1 i to t e herelief to Socinians and Who damns; the divinity of the Saviour had no I ' The next attack was the (so calle a d ed ) a C ll a e t h l i i s ol i i n c fl re and fate!ll lB . 29 . He thanked God Relief ts Power in opposition t h o e th s h a o a t d h m e n e w as o u u r t e d , k r a i'le,e now felt in having done , not ete. h c e h s a a t i t i l i g s e t te ineworld could bestow. They were t i o t l e d p a r t o t t h e e st t a i u m t e s I l n a d it soteaur would pacify Ireland, and un tbotn cetholics in that country; but s Rome had used the ,eer:sult, they found that the Church of Pro and destroy ofarftom that being rett,‘_Which Act have it to undermine emeftterrt in Ire!ad. The next measure in favour of Popery le.eepie destruction of the Kildare-street Society—(Hear, ee‘i)eree-Which .11ad received f ,lii:l:atholtc hierarch Ireland,ofthe t and sanction of tne fie ees,n,.°l,etry and his followers; and andwhat t h wasegreat the a groundi t a t l o e r te or comment, mu eere lily that society? because Popery found that li st epetelpuaig of the Bible, without no . to show areutter i h e ne)xend. iti the destruction .of thteiwr was to „ ( hare eeri i* t i l ting done by the Parliament Irel and h rics in that count re . fur Protestant interests and . for Protestant feeling in , The oe ' xt t id to abolish at once twelve Ins that w tent eel ,' t , s was now to follow—and en d ow the Popish Ceeteeg',4,fla was to be called on to to say that a per as that Protes• eten eet !, Yuear, hear)--for it was absurd the but an lee nae Payment of 30,0001. a-year for support of the todowin etholic endow t „College of Mavnooth was anything 'Net e f e i4 °' r oPery by the State. The proposed n endowment of that receaYneoth was, in point of fact, a tiug to take idelateelglon which they had declared to be founded on Eilee:flandofett,Pmer.etition He called on the meeting register— e e ; ee Prime Minister's book, their and to ensure the counties i t ch iniar•--- ` d efence of Protestantism, return n ttnae! h it ,their respective an to exercise who should upliold tile "Illexc rarliamont of a body of men 11 isks.—(Cheers.) I had ee fttestant Constitution at a r instrumental in dririn erted himself, and had been main! Government after the /nee! fr°'o Power Sir Robert Peel's to agitate until Le had Ilte of 182„, and he would not cease . untr to a sens e succeeded in, • hpeople of this co Government ~us of thei d rousing te P office a that e e , r anger and driving from le et/ a second ti ' b t • d them —(Cheers.) -tie SEett_ me . e ra3 e report of the Committe e, t ceptai e-raue having read he . 1 n to the eflec that thi n G°anoet rnoved the first resolution, importance ofte - meeting is convinced of the increasing Protestant s ; that esekssoeiation, and its claims on British printed, and ceeejaute report of the Committee be adopted, nstitute the terie nit e l , and that tlemen named co ../,b0 Ilse for the ensuingyea r. olution, which /vasti J. T. ROBINSON seconded the res rried una eiteedrorted by Sir DIGIIY MACKWORTII, and ca The e . the following Ll oue ' 37 * It G. M'Grieu then rose to move education adopted et tii '311:---" That from the system of men for the °liege of Maynooth, in training up young the ins ttotel, e .' 6 f . the Roman Catholic priesthood, from haracter of the btolinc tolerant, anti• social, and persecuting c Ile e and htre ti 8 4SeCi and the system taught in that i c g • o hiera t rchy ere teeee principles in which the Roman Catho i reference to th e leruged to Rome to train the priesthood in which they are otestant Sovereign of these realms, and in but after thep,red to train them not only in Maynooele, _ ffices as Priese's,e that college and enter into heir offices to e t he cee't a ppears to this meeting that the endowment ilable with `oe (k it e ge of Manooth is not only irreconc ith loyalty tie d NY,. Which Protestsnts owe to God, hut w regard to tehe ,: e ' t ,tY to our gr • Sovereign, with due the ' l 4:e'er of our Constitution, and to the laws,a been did tii"; an d religion of this great empire." It e h of Come mop s e subject had been exhausted in the the House of the Ine stio n bu e t he contended that as yet meritsad not been kroaitt had not been discussed at all, and • •torial influence, ',lot ' te e ° to be discussed. Some inquisitorial to have ote e "°lrn to the British Constitution, appearedhad been and result that tinereised over the Cabinet, the all discussion upon ‘ the real had studiously propositionquashed d of the (eo veleta"' Cabinet of the question. '--•- o in en t WaS to endow - college f or the purpose that the ei e a 4 4 .,., _, a „nv, he contendedoposi ^wee gee t e" , eitesB of men : le' in dealing with such a Pr ()- tee" s lon to consider, education it was pr p osed tke what was the character of the or sus tn. °"iiovr ' S • must be a very equivocal e al. lol ls mile . Su rely it grace to conceal. L lt to ._ , mien which it was an act of to the country or the 'Nem was it an act of grace— was i t the Prime keest "Ystern ?—or was it concealed because 2d of th _ er knew it would not bear the light? On the het" inonth an attempt was made by two Members of the tile "Co hel , two Member for Kent ( r. pi mons—t e ouourauie tle tuder.L unrne ptre), and the Member for Newcas . _ ee_ Y (Mr. Colquhoun)--to force on some dis ,sion upon this the r i . they had kieceeded in elicitin • ea question, and f demon strable facts • and gan impotent, irritable denial 0 . ble t armlet (Si; R. P upon that occasion the Right Honoura_.e. e,,asion with eateel). had stated that he had heard thuesdlof tornmons wafra pain, because he thought the Ho a 4tu re. tie most .unfit place for discussions of such for to hat did it was astonished to hear that statement, w__ 44 10 , ernount ? That the House of Commons _as s_ e „. , seotreeeeislate upon the subject, for if it could not nal— crery fr, i , e , it was unable- +^ e., legislate upon the questio Sir. lt. Pec . ,, in ntle body of the meeting," Three cheers for e third-re j S ir Robert Peel had given notice to move th do se? ins of the Bill an Monday nett; but would he 11,4,0,_, ete believed that before Monday the Right . Hon. rtee'r'LZ4euld feel it to be due to his country and to 1 1 1 1 m a s e n lf ci 1144 e iae,„ which 1 a Bill to investigateMaYn° b ° i t sh ' ops of ttelatie e"iee.ei! :sed been set up by . the Papal who ad entrusted 'ei wieeitreeeesne laws of that Sovereign eera._ ) The reeve 9entleieZytiThleht of ehis country. h statement of the 1411_1148 t aon.i. , en entered into a long Dens, and the s ,2nthid: d. ' at. Maynooth, and those of Peter. el,eetiese oe - e‘oAaid if the measure should_beemrcarried i get to 147 0 it in House'tL`-e9llll Who would the Premier d h impose the te 4 e . 01 . e gta' Lerds ? woul . Litirraleie p A eY, as a fitting reward for his . exert' ' ons In out the et le te eln X rotestantism in Ireland, and cutting try -1 ?..,(elite education of his (Mr MeGhee's) poor con Wellington e e Pr ostr ete '' \ h , r e. Or could he ask the Duke of oall liißleee to nee eiveelhearned honou the P m he fe a et e of Dr. 1 th r ive ?......17,nee the Prot estantreligion at t e the Bill i l . u gh bott i mr, he Or, should he carry Queen to h ae ' to it the exee°llses, would he venture to ask the we be tite e '" Yes, 1.,"Y!1 essent.—(A. voice in the gallery, Oh ! for eeeeti!lghte, ee , lll . ) If so, then he would s ice to dee: (p ie ces Ht "seugnant thunderbolt of a Chatham's . voice the Nill li, for !''''t hollow-hearted, spiritless legislation n d the 1:4 i °tole lilts electric povver to thril upon more rou tors 0 , it e gl44l 'ehr in e °f Lords, and eall pthe ances an me t to to ees.to frown from their tapestry upon such to ti , ' , se tee re.reeritish Constitution and upon the judges opt s ancta i tY of their ermine and the bishops to interpose . t'-lit t " " their lawn, to ' avert such an evil to this The .-..(nk % Reeeeleers.) kee l v• Ciieite in a le o „,of s oele , es ?REST seconded the resolution that i t Is esfey ' e ngth, in the course of which he stated ed.. . 411 S, t n re vet aki' w neu t i re ,. 0 'u gh not apolitical people, c w om e e for the ~and heit. erestancee required it of them ! defence of te__ e;oestie,e with their fell ow - Protestants le he con eiledeot., ere7ololl and the Throne—(Hear)—which, measure for leZlng eleyneollelangered by the Govermnent eel 1;e-solute) 'tie th e ' eeee. 4,seras then put and carried. That tee" coroeatinnreu SuetaVeri moved the next resolution, *eV'to :l %tine , e :lt,h was a great national safeguard ; and Heat legeet".uld use all c onstitutional means of resistance variance e ir the si,,jri, Ive measure they believed to be at objects ete tv hieh ' tel ' a ‘ t of that:oath, and destructive of the • hich tieV the an ea th was and is required by the law he the P oe k oat of her Majesty to the throne ofEngland. the '4,': cof' bined anxiously into the Government Bill in . e tee,lein g able to find something good in it, ensure le i r 4 en, e 4(1 ,. that it could only be regarded as a L,peeleed,-neottter, and make permanent religious dissension - teitleet ef t ` t r lead to tumult, massacre, t h atan e hdismeon. , Pee l ° lle to ee' '.4.11,1re. Experience showed tt t e 3, by __T 14, coneks,eneiliate the Roman Catholics of Ireland u .CeDstilat;j,lB; andmoreover, they had declared by their Itsq't.t /"'Y did re • tl • endowment. quire this Sf Pli t and "c.IrAL, Esq., seconded the resolution, which 41E4 nitoocarried. kee l in g lie li'trnots, Bart., moved that the thanks of the seerNedAvien to the Chairman which was carried, an i d eel, the°Y the -Noble Lord in an appropriate speeci , nteeting eparated. teoN -------___.......______ _ r It „N AND BIRMINGHAM ;,,,I•e(1114 .W AY COM PAN Y ktr3 '' e F N I ? a st•ecial general meeting of the proprie le '4148 -"lPany was held at the Euston clarion e f, il et et , Re Carr G I , Board of ~ ter ~ 'No d . 3n, Chairman of the 1 Bills now •1 4,%.,'. rii e ' I ng ; to approve of severs- T h -1114 ere :": I ''nt, 14 the construction of extension Proprietors. r a4,.‘' Cle te 83 4 ntlrnerOßS attendance of Propr!,. %, nr i ,.. , al,to, :._ • . said the Ni t s had be to opening the Pry ceilings, . h the tep t4 . ig N o. kn convenEd in compliance wit o _ 1 1 4, 14 , liiii ' 8 of the House of Lords, to approve r f ro hact 4, ll° ''', in progress before Parliament ; and as tteevrietora 'e4.,05, been brought before the notice of the ttll4!)r thei4hrlU 4114114110114 y approved of, it was unne -0.11,, e should enter into details. Two of these, Coelte 'et VallP d and Birmingham itri i, kati on -,-;7 an Manchester . th en . Rills, re' td b ' the standing orders, '-'n Wlthd , eec e e standing • 'e Prete raven for the present. The Chairman ~ t4e ( IL`d to r 'e e .4 al e k 1 opose seriatim resolutions app roving Wor- 1 ote e teed k:. ihe first was the London, 140:1kit I. nlttitenith Staffordshire, now in Committee. Be 1 Aisne, but ColtmEnts on the proceedings that had tli: e3 alt, 11 ,,, t a i l : 13 1)1y say that they expected a favour ,ll tl ) s eue next Bill 'was for a branch from heieee, w Ree tll --j ' '' rh aing a connecting link with the t r'rtester • d 'eeeteti two , , and South Staffordshire, an which o tif the 4ett as a precautionary measure in the 1 / 4 1 ie rl ntendin rewsbUry and Birmingham being thrown 1 140 4 ,,re Elp 1 g fern. 'the Birmingham and Glouces -414 ' lO ll : 1) 31t1 g for similar line but it was not a b ted Of differeu ' next Bill ' 4 th to th Tree between them. The e l y. 1 , e Trent Valley line from Stafford to th ri stet ge Chairmanhere- ' occasion to allude tt( ,ernent Patel took . IN ,nd . 1 , ,'. ~, Oh itn,iY _ Promulgated, to the effect that harge &clit"n fr eed `! 4°lrmingham Company were c. . e ‘ .11, t . o in tile transactions connected with the e e ,, eel ~;•Y Lill, Th• h • I `i, 4 luish is e denied, observing leeOg., 4 1d, 8. . , i ± the seeretary (1 the Grand June ptated th at useeting of that Company on Monday t v l l titi lli e t t irilt_ no cha.rge of that description had b ß , i e r n . 4 e ~.al er)te,nllßitt, e against the London and hd r "'ore i "43% rhe next Bills he had to propose 'ee i ''' eel. Frleoeditel , the main line, t ht .,. , vier; next e, 5 connected with Buz .i,ete ti,o l e l ee Vel.xteusions from the Leighton , the w tiletehle irnaingheao line .to Dunstable, and ' ela toed Y ' t ation to Bed ford; and for leasing ou line. Resolutions approving of the respective Bills were pu and carried unammoasly. Mr. J. M. UPCRO FT congratulated the Proprietors en the success that hAd hitherto attended the exertions of the Directors to make the line mote t•xtensixely useful to the public by the increased accommodation, afforded to all classes, and especially to the middle and poorer class of passengers.—(Applause.) He con cluded some further observations by propsing that the cordial thanks of the Proprietors be given to Mr. George Carr Glyn, the chairman, and to the Board of Directors, for the success that had hitherto attended their exertions to establish the property of the Proprietors on a secure basis, and to render the Company more extensively useful to the public by the admirable arrangements propos-d at the last meeting, and the measures since adopted for carrying them into eff,Tt, which the Proprietors entirely approved of, and pledged themselves to support the Directors in all such other steps as they may consider necessary to obtain the sanction of Parliament to their various important pro jects. Mr. WILLIAMS seconded this, and testified to the good feeling that had always been displayed on the part of the London and Birmingham towards other interests, and trusted that they would always be willing to maintain their own rights consistently with those of others. The CHAIRMAN returned thanks on behalf of himself and colleagues. It had always been their desire to carry out the concerns of the great undertaking they were en trusted with on a footing of perfect amity with their neighbours, and they had tried in every direction to evince that spirit to the utmost extent. They had been anxious to encourage any opportunity for negotiation that might be offered, and had been ready, for the sake of peace, to make considerable pecuniary sacrifices, but they had determined upon never submitting to any con ditions at the expense or to the disadvantage of their allies.—(Applause.) In reply to a question from Mr. Williams, The CHAIRMAN said that the Northampton and Peter borough line had already been partially opened, and that probably by the 2d of June it would be opened to the public throughout, The line, it would be satisfactory to know, had not only been finished within the time, but within the estimate.—(Applause.) FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAIL. THE HAGUE, MAY 13.—The Minister of Finance gives notice, conformably to article 3 of the law of 27th December, 1840, that the amount of the Treasury Bonds issued by virtue of the laws of 27th December, 1840, and of 19th June, 1843, which were still in circulation on the Ist of this month, was 952,900 florins. Their Majesties the King and Queen, and members of the Royal family, set out this afternoon fur Amsterdam. The Java papers from the Ist to 18th January, have been received to-day : BATAVIA, DEC. 31, 1844.—Yesterday evening several of the inhabitants of this city saw a comet, the appearance of which seems to be as unexpected as that of the comet which was visible at the beginning of:1843. The neucleus is plainly discernable by the naked eye, but the tail is not so bright nor so long as that of the comet which appeared almost two years ago. BATAVIA, JANUARY 14.—Mr. T. Hedwig, harbour-master at Anjer, has sent us a tabular list of ships that passed the Straits of Sander in 1844. The total number was 627. Of these ships 282 'were under Dutch colours, 217 English, 57 American, 22 French, 15 Hamburgh, 4 Spanish, 3 Belgian, 2 Australia, and 1 Russian. AMSTERDAM, MAY 13.—The Court is just arrived at the palace, namely, the King and Queen, and their Royal High nesses the Prince and Princess of Orange, Princes Alexander and Henry, the Hereditary Grand Duchess of Saxe Weimar, Prince Frederick, his Majesty's brother, Princess Frederick, and their eldest daughter. The royal suite is very numerous. Immediately after their arrival their Majesties and the Royal Family came into the balcony of the palace, and were loudly cheered by the crowd that was assembled before the Palace. BELGIAN FUNDS.—Baussßz.s, MAY 12. Actual Debt, 2►4 per Cent .............. Rothschild's Loan, Five per Cent ........ Loan of Thirty Millions, Four per Cent. . Ditto Three per Cent Ditto Thirty-seven Millions, ditto .. Ditto, ditto, 1810 ..... . .••• • . • . 102 A Ditto, ditto, 1844 .. • ..... 102 4 Ditto of the City, 1843 .. . Ditto, 1833 .... - - ... Bank ofßelgiurn •..• • • • • • ••• • • • • • • . • - -Brussels Papers, May 13. AUSTRIAN FUNDS.—VIENNA, MAY 6. 5 per Cent. Metalliques .. 113% ...... . 4 per Cent. ditt0...... • ........ ....... 102 3 per Cent. 78 Loan, 1834 Ditto, 1839 .......................... Bank Shares .. Esterhazy's Loan . ........... RAILWAYS. The Northern, or Ferdinand ........... • 185% Venice—Milan • • • • • . • . • ............... 15)4)6 Gloggnitz . Leghorn ..... ....................... 123 —.Allgemeine Zeitung, May 10. THE ARIEL CLUB BOAT-RACE. The Ariel " scratch" four-oared race was rowed on Wed nesday evening, and drew a strong muster of the various aquatic clubs. The distance was from Westminster to Put ney, and the start took place at about seven o'clock. Blue—Messrs. Rowland (stroke), Bottril, H. Cooper, Allen, C. Cooper (cockswain). _ _ Yellow—Messrs. Peschey c stroke), Williams, Chesswright, Longrove, Hendry (cockswain). Red—Messrs. liodd (stroke), Trigge, Frisby, Gils, Taven ham (cockswain). The gentlemen were started by the St. George, in their eight, and went away from the bridge at the same moment. After being oar and oar for a few moments, blue took the lead, and although pressed severely throughout the race, maintained it. Yellow and red disputed the second place gallantly; red had the best of :it up to the Penitentiary, when yellow came oar and oar, and gradually drew a length ahead; red, however, was not so easily shook off, and were close upon their adversaries' quarter all the way up.. The race was won by two lengths, yellow two yards in advance of the third. The St. George, Neptune, 'W ayerley, Nautilus, Trident, Herne, and other clubs, accompanied the race. DEVON AND CORNWALL WREST LING MATCHES. THE LAST DAY.—PLATING OFF THE HEAVY WEIGHTS. The Devon and Cornwall Wrestling Society brought their matches to a close on Wednesday, at the Brecknock Arms Tavern, Camden-town, and the company was very nu merous ; many gentlemen belonging to the above counties being present to witness the science displayed in this old English game. The play, which was certainly good throughout, came off as follows : SECOND PLAT. The drawing of the names brought John Goodman, of the Royal Blues, and Richard Dyer, both of Cornwall , together, men of science and judgment in this art. These men played together for nearly an hour, several foils taking place, Dyer being quick, either falling on his side or shoulder; Good man, after struggling, caught his opponent by a knock over the knee, and threw him a fair back, amidst the cheers of his friends. The next men to enter the ring were W. George, of Corn wall, and J. Ball, a maa of the same county, both good wrestlers, and during this bout a deal of science and play was shown on each side, several falls taking place, but no back; Ball ultimately catching his man, and throwing him by the fore hip. The last name in the draw was John Dyer, and he being the single man, was considered to have gained a falL THIRD PLAY. John Goodman, of the Blues, was again the first man called by the umpires in the ring, and John Dyer, a Cornish man, who was quite fresh, not having played in the second plays, as we have stated above, to contend for the prizes. The betting was in favour of the soldier, he being superior in power and size. Both men played extrehnly well, and each showed great skill, several foils taking place, Good man throwing Dyer, after a hard bout, by the back-heel amidst great cheering. John Goodman still kept the ring, and J. Bell, of Corn wall, entered against him, the odds being greatly in favour of Goodman carrying off the prize. Goodman looked well and confident, and after a little dodging for hold, Goodman caught his opponent over the shoulder, and quickly put a • a. flat on his back, amidst loud and continued cheering, Goa a - man having gained another laurel. John Dyer and Ball then came together for the conten tion of the second prize. These men were well matched, and each in their play were on the look out, displaying con siderable judgment ; Ball throwing Dyer the first time by the hip, but no back. On coming together again, Dyer threw Ball, but on his side. Several other foils took place, and after a deal of dodging Dyer caught his competitor by the lock, and threw him a fair back, thereby winning the second prize. Both men played extremely well in this bout, being a very even match. This concluded the day's sport, and the prizes were im mediately awarded to the winners by Mr. Steer, of the Ship Inn, Ivy-lane ; and it will be seen by the play, that the Cornish men have gained the advantage, having won three prizes out of four. The following are the winners : HEAVY WEIGHTS.—First Prize—John Goodman, of the Royal Blues, Cornwall. Second Prize—John Dyer, Cornwall. LIGHT WElowrs.— First Prize—James Truscott, Devon. Second Prize—T. Treggrdder, Cornwall. FOOT RACE.--THE BLUES AND THE 2ND LIFE GUARDS.—For some time past a great spirit of rivalry has existed between the Royal Horse Guards (Blue) and the 2d Regiment of Life Guards, as to which regiment could pro duce the fleetest runner: In order to test the pedestrian skill of the best man in each regiment, several trials had taken place for the purpose of selecting a runner from each, and the match was appointed to take place on Monday on Houn slow-heath, midway between Windsor and London ; the Blues being stationed at Windsor, and the 2d Life Guards at Hyde-park Barracks. A purse of 251. was made up by the men of each regiment for the winner, and bets to a conside rable amount were also pending on the result between the officers on either side. The men selected to contest the race were Corporal Mason, of the Blues, and Private Miller, of the 2d Life Guards, the tallest man in the regiment, standing six feet six inches and a half I Nearly the whole of the officers were present on the heath, to witness the race, and as many of the non-commissioned officers and privates as could be spared from their military duties, at their respective barracks. The whole of the distance to be run, 150 yards, was staked and roped in, and also a rope along the centre, to prevent " jostling." awn had been the frivourite, at tri fling odds, for some days before; on the ground, however, the odds rose to 3to 2 against his opponent. At four o'clock the word " off" was given, when both went away at a tre mendous speed, Miller having the advantage of the start by about a yard. At the end of 50 yards Mason made up for his loss at the onset, an advantage which he continued to im prove upon during the remainder of the race, beating his op ponent by three yards. The distance was run in 16 seconds. Both men had been in close training for some days previously to the race, they having been almost wholly exempted, during that time, from their military duties. PARLIAMENTARY COURT CIRCULAR.—Lord W. Loftus kissed hands on Monday last with the Duke of Marlborough on the appointment of his brother as member for Woodstock. In the evening his Lordship dined with his Grace; and, after dessert, took down instructions in writing for his brother, how the Duke wished him to vote during the session. Lord W. Loftus started the following morning for the continent with orders for his brother to return imme diately . to England, and watt upon the Duk e t o l ear n speech in time for the third reading of the Maynooth Bill. — Punch. _. Prince Sehwartzenberg, Count Waldstein, Count Clam-Gallas, and Count Colerodo Manifield, arrived in Lon don on Wednesday afternoon, by the General Steam Navi gation Company's steam-ship Earl of Liverpool, from Ostend. THE SUN, LONDON, FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 16, 1845. these men ; I know their inmost souls ; I watch their hist:nets and their impulsei. ; I know the principles which they have imbibed, and I know, however hindered by circumstance s for the mo men t, those principles must bear their fruit. It will b e a p ro d uce •hostile to the oli garchical system. Th e f u t ure principle of Eoglish politics will not be a levelling prineille ; not a prileiple adverse to privileges, but favourable to their extension. It will seek to ensure equality, not by levelling the Few but by elevating the Many." THE PROGRESS OF CIVILIZATION. " 6 There is more serfdom in England now than at any time since the Conquest. I speak of what passes under my daily eyes when I say, that those who labour can as little choose or change their waste's now, as when they were born thralls. There are great bodies of the working classes of this country nearer the con dition of brutes, than they have been at any time since the Conquest. Indeed I see nothing to d'stieguish them from brutes, except that their morals are inferior. In cest and infanticide are as common among them as among the lower animals. The domestic principle waxes weaker and weaker every year in England ; nor can we wonder at it, when there is . no comfort to cheer and no sentiment to hallow the Hemp,' " ' I was reading a work the other day,' said Egre mont, ' that statistically proved that the general con dition of the people was much better at this moment than it had been at any known period of history. " Ah ! yes, I know that style of speculation,' said Gerard ; your gentleman who reminds you that a vtorking man new has a pair of cotton stockings, and that Harry the Eighth himself was not ai well off. At any rate, the condition of classes must be judged of by the age, and by their relatku with each other. One need not dwell on that. I deny the premises. I deny that the conditi in of the main body is better now than at any other period of our history; that it is as good as it has been at several. I say, for ius'ance, the people were better clothed, better lodged, and better fed-just before the war of the Roses than they are at this moment. We know how an English peasant lived in those times : he eat flesh every day, he never drank wat►r, was well housed, and clothed in stout woollens. Nor are the Chronicles necessary to tell us this. The acts of Par liament from the Plan tagenets to the Tudors teach us alike the price of provisions and the rate of wages ; and we see in a moment that the wages of those days brought as much sustenance and comfort as a reasonable man could desire.' " LITERATURE. THE LADY'S COUNTRY COMPANION. By Mrs. Loudon. Longman and Co. This is a most useful and interesting little work — full (;f* practical information ; written in a right and pleasing style, that instructs without fatiguing. It is intended for the use of ladies who, having been educated in town, find themselves unequal to the_ management of a country house; to all such it must prove an invaluable acquisition. Every lesson that experience can afford—every improvement that fancy can suggest—is here set forth for the benefit of the young and ignorant. It is written in the firm of letters, supposed to be addressed to a young lady just settled at an old country house. This renders the style familiar and interesting—it is no longer the dry reading of a book, but the kind suggestions of a thoughtful friend. Though intended as a companion for the country, it contains much general informa tion that will be useful for all persons and all situa- tions. Beginning with the interior of the house, the first letters are devoted to the arrangement of furniture, the preservation of stores, &c. The fol lowing remarks on the care of fires will he found useful both in town and country : " In warming a room a good deal depends upon the mode of managing the tire. Servants are very apt to throw on a quantity of coals at once, in such a manner as to smother up the flame ; and, when this is the case, the heated air produced by the imperfect combustion of the coals passes up the chimney with the smoke, and very little warmth enters the room. If, on the con trary, the coals are carefully arranged on the fire so as to allow a free current of air to pass through them, per fect combustion takes place, and the coals become a glowing mass, from which rays of light and heat spread in every direction ; while the cheerful appearance of a bright glowing fire must be felt by every one. Where an opportunity occurs of altering a fireplace, its cepa l . bility for diffusing radiant heat will be greatly increased by making the back and sides of fire-brick or fire-stone; as these" substances retain heat much longer than any kind of metal, and are consequently more likely to pre vent the fire from being chilled by the addition of fresh coal." We are next initiated into all the mysteries of the " Commissariat Department:" besides instructions in the important arts of brewing, baking, making butter and cheese, &c., we have plain directions for domestic cookery, with numerous useful recipes. The care of a garden and the management of flowers forms, of course, an important part in a " guide for the coun try." There are many letters devoted to this inte resting subject, and the following remarks will be useful to those who prefer the busy town to the quiet retreats of rural life : " The pleasures of the town and the country are, in deed, so different, that it requires some time to become accustomed to the change; but, when you are sufficiently well acquainted with country pursuits to take an in terest in them, I am sure you will never feel any want of the pleasures of the town. The great secret of being happy is, to be able to occupy ourselves with the objects around us, so as to feel an interest in watching their changes; and, when you can once do this in your present situation, you will no longer complain of dulness or want of excitement. All that is wanted to give an interest in any subject is, a sufficient degree of knowledge respect ing it to be aware of its changes, and our own natural love of variety will do the rest. "It is a great advantage in a country life, that its principal objects of interest must be found at home; and hence, as home is woman's peculiar dominion, the noblest and the best feelings of the female heart are more likely to be called into action in the country than in the town. In youth, especially, the ameliorating effects of country pursuits will soon be perceptible, both morally and physically." The principal charm of this work consists in the real instruction it affords. It is not a work of theory, but a series of practical lessons, and the style is at once so pleasing and so full of interest, as to render it not only a useful, but a most entertaining com panion for a country house. We doubt not it will tend to remove many of the prejudices entertained by the young and thoughtless with regard to the " dull monotony" of retirement. It shows that every situa tion has its pleasures and its duties; that happiness does not consist in external objects, and a quiet coun try life may afford an opportunity of exercising every Christian virtue, and obtaining the purest satisfaction and delight— " For mere true joy Marcellus exiled feels Than Caesar with a senate at his heels." The following advice with regard to the employment of the poor is worthy of attention : " The proprietor of a large estate ought to be regarded by the labouring cottagers in the light of a protector, to whom they can look up for advice and assistance in their troubles ; and as a friend upon whose kindness they may confidently rely, and who they know will be interested in their welfare. When this is the case, the tenantry of a country gentleman will form his best body . guard ; and, instead of ever attempting to injure his property, they will do all in their power to protect it. " It is the blessed privilege of wealth and rank that they give us the power of making our fellow-creatures happy, with very trifling inconvenience to ourselves. A word or a kind look from the rich to the poor speaks volumes, and carries with it encouragement and lea sure, which no efforts of persons in their own rank in life can give. It is, however, difficult for the rich to know how to be of real service to the poor, as giving alms seldom does good except in eases of sudden and un foreseen distress. The best charity is first to teach the poor how to maintain themselve2 ' and next to give them employment ; and, when they have this, they have a better chance of happiness than any riches could bestow, combined with idleness. Perhaps, indeed, there is no state of existence more happy than that of a person who is usefully and profitably employed, and whose employ ment is of such a nature as to exercise moderately the faculties both of the body and the mind. " Many ladies in the country employ a portion of their time in making clothes for the poor ; but with the exception of permitting young people to make baby linen, I question whether itis advisable that much should be done in this way. The feelings of the poor are often hurt by having it dictated to them what they are to wear, and they are apt to look upon the clothes thus given to them, and which are probably quite different from what they would have purchased for themselves, almost as a badge of slavery which they are compelled to wear to please their patrons, but of which they hate the very sight." We need hardly recommend this work to the " ladies of England," it has only to be known to be appreciated and admired. . The following is an ex ample of the pleasing way' in which Mrs. Loudon combines instruction with amusement : " You are perhaps not aware that a carriage is hung exactly on the same principle as a hammock is suspended in a ship at sea, viz., to substitute a gentle and regular swinging motion for an irregular jerking one. The principle of suspending carriages is as old as the time of the Saxons; but it has been reserved for modern days to break the f orce of inevitable jolts, by such a variety of pieces of elastic steel or springs, as to render travel ling in a carriage as easy as gliding in a boat down a smooth river. Carriages, such as those we have now in use, are, as no doubt you know, quite a recent inven tion. You remember the celebrated letter of Henry IV., in which he says, I cannot come to you to-day, be cause my wife is using my coach ;' and even in the time of Charles 11. there were ,but fifty coaches in Lou don and Westminster. Now it would be rather difficult to count them, and it would even be a more tedious task than I should like to undertake to enumerate their kinds. ...-.. --.... _ _ I . shall, - therefore, content myself with mentioning the points that are of most importance in selecting a car riage." MR. D'ISRAELI'S SYBIL. The following are some further extracts from Mr. D'lsraeli's interesting new work : THE LESSONS OF EXPERIENCE. " Sybil, whose mind had been nurtured with great thoughts, and with whom success or failure alike par took of the heroic, who had hoped for triumph, but who was prepared for sacrifice, found to her surprise that great thoughts have very little to do with the business of the world ; that human affairs, even in an age of revolution, are the subject of compromise ; and that the essence of compromise is littleness. She thought that the People, calm and collected, conscious at last of their strength and confident in their holy cause, had but to express their pure and noble convictions by the dele gates of their choice, and that an antique and decrepid authority must bow before the irresistible influence of their moral power. These delegates of their choice turned out to be a plebeian senate of wild ambitions and sinister and selfish ends, while the decrepid authority that she had been taught existed only by the sufferance of the millions was compact and organized, with every element of physical power at its command, and supported by the interests, the sympathies, the honest convictions, and the strong prejudices of classes influential not merely from their wealth but even by their numbers. " Nor could she resist the belief that the feeling of the rich towards the poor was not that sentiment of un mingled bate and scorn which she associated with Nor man conquerors and feudal laws. She would ascribe rather the want of sympathy that unquestionably exists between wealth and work in England, to mutual igno rance between the classes which possess these two gr e at , elements of national prosperity ; and though the source of that ignorance was to be sought in antecedent circumstances of violence and oppression, the conse quences perhaps had outlived the causes, as customs survive opinions. " Sybil looked towards Westminster, to those proud and passionate halls where assembles the Parliament of England ;..that rapacious, violent, and haughty body, that had brought kings and prelates to the block ; spoiled churches and then seized the sacred manors for their personal prey ; invested their own possessions with in finite privileges, and then mortgagedifor their state and empire the labour of countless generations. Could the voice of solace sound from such a,quarter ?" THE NEW GENERATION. " Egremont shook his bead. You still will cherish these phnntoms, dear Sybil ! and why ? They are not visions of delight. Believe me they are as vain as they are distressing. The mind of England is the mind ever of the rising race. Trust me it is with the People. And not the less so, because this feeling is one of which even in a great degree it is unconscious. Those opinions which you have been educated to dread and mistrust are opinions that are dying away. Predominant opinions are generally the opinions of the generation that is vanishing. Let an aecident, which speculation could not foresee, the balanced state at this moment of par liamentary parties cease, and in a few years, more .or less, cease it mu , t, and you will witness a development of the new mind of England, which will make up by its rapid progress for its retarded action. I live among TSB NAMELESS ONE. " I see one of your partners coming in,' said Mick, making many signals to a person who very aeon joined them. ' Well, Devilsdust, how are you?' This was the familiar appellation of a young gentleman, who really had no other, baptismal or patrimonial. About a fort night after his mother had introduced him into the world, she returned to her factory and put her infant out to nurse, that is to say, paid threepence a week to an old woman who takes charge of these new. born babes for the day, and gives them back at night to their mothers as they hurriedly return from the scene of their labour to the dungeon or the den, which is still by courtesy called ' home.' The expense i 4 not great : laudanum and treacle, administered in the shape of some popular elixir, affords these innocents a brief taste of the sweets of existence, and keeping them quiet, pre pares them for the silence of their impending grave. Infanticide is practised as extensively and as legally in England, as it is on the banks of the Ganges; a circum stance which apparently has not yet engaged the atten tion of the Society for the Propagation of the Go%pel in Foreign Parts. But the vital principle is an impulse from an immortal artist, and sometimes baffles, even in its tenderest phases, the machinations of society for its extinction. There are infants that will defy even star vation and poison, unnatural mothers an d d emon nurses. Such was the nameless one of whom we speak. We cannot say he thrived; but he would not die. So at two years of age, his mother being lost sight of, and the weekly payment having ceased, he was sent out in the street to in order to be run over. Even this ex pedient failed. The youngest and the feeblest of the band of victims, Juggernaut spared him to Moloch. All his companions were disposed of. Three months' in the streets god rid of this tender company— shoeless, half-nakt d, and uncombed--whose age varied from two to five years. Some were crushed, some were lost, some caught cold and fevers, crept back to their garret or their cellars, were dosed with Godf r ey' s cordial, and died in peace. The nameless one would not disappear. lie always got out of the way of the carts and horses, and never lost his own. They gave him no food: he foraged for himself, and shared with the dogs the garbage of the streets. But still he lived ; stunted and pale, he defied even the fatal fever which was the only habitant of his cellar that never quitted it. And slumbering at night on a bed of mouldering straw, his only protection against the plashy surface of his den, with a dungheap at his head and a cesspool at his feet, he still clung to the only roof which shielded him from the tempest." POPULATION RETURNS. " Well, Mr, Franklin, be sure of this, that the Popu lation Returns of this country are very instructive reading.' " I can conceive so.' "' I became a 'lan when the bad times were begin ning,' said Gerard ; 'I have passed through many dole ful years. I was a Franklin's son myself, and we bad lived on this island at 11 ast no worse for a longer time than I care to recollect as little as what lam now. But that's nothing ;I am not thinking of myself. lem preposterous in a fashion ; it is the serfs I live among of whom lam thinking. Well, I have heard in the course of years, of some specific for this constant degra dation of the people ; some thing or some person that was to put all right ; and for my part I was not unready to support any proposal or follow any leader. There was reform, and there was paper money, and no machinery, and a thousand other remedies ; and there were dema gogues of all kinds, some as base as myself, and some with blood in their veins almost as costly as flows in those of our great neighbour here, Earl de Mowbray, and I have always heard that was very choice : but I will frankly own to you, I never had much faith in any of these proposals or proposers ; but they were a change, and that is something. But I have been persuaded of late that there is something going on in this country of more efficacy ; a remedial power, as I believe, and irre sistible ; but whether remedial or not, at any rate a power thnt will mar all or cure a ll. Y ou apprehend me? I speak of the annual arrival o f more than three hun dred thousand strangers in thi s i s l an d. how will you feed them? How will you clothe them? How will you house them ? They have given up butcher's meat ; must they give up bread ? And as for raiment and shelter, the rags of the kingdom are exhausted, and your sinks and cellars already swarm like rabbit warrens.' "''Tis an awful consideration,' said Egremont musing. " Awful,' said Gerard, ''tis the most solemn thing since the deluge. What kingdom can stand against it? Why go to your history—you're a scholar—and see the fall of the great Roman empire—what was that? Every now and then, there came two or three hundred thou sand strangers out of the forests and crossed the moun tains and rivers. They come to us every year and in greater numbers. What are your invasions of the bar barous nations, your Goths and Visi go ths, your LOM• bards and Huns, to our P o p u l a ti on Returns ?' RAILWAY TRAVELLING. " You came by the railroad,' inquired Lord de Mow bray, mournfully of Lady blarney. " From Marham ; ab ou t t en m iles from us,' replied her ladyship. " A gr e at revolution I' " ' Isti i t it?' " ' I fear it has a very dangerous tendency to eq uali ty , ' said his lordship, shaking his head ;. I suppose Lord Marney gives them all the opposition in his p ower. " There is nobody so violent against railroads as George,' said Lady Marney ; I cannot tell you what he does not do! He organised the whole of our division against the Marham line!' " 6 I rather counted on him,' said Lord de Mowbray, 'to assist me in resisting this joint branch here ; but I was surprised to learn he had consented.' " Not until the compensation was settled, innocently remarked Lady Marney ; George never opposes them after that. He gave up all opposition to the Marham lino when tney agreed to his terms. " And yet, said Lord de Mowbray, ' I think if Lord Marney would take a different view of the case and look to the moral consequences, he would hesitate. Equality, Lady Marney, equality is not our metier. If we nobles do not make a stand against the levelling spirit of the age, I should like to know who will fight the battle. You may depend upon it that these railroads are very dangerous things.' " have no doubt of it. I suppose you have heard of Lady Vanilla's trip from Birmingham? Have you net indeed! She came up with Lady Laura, and two of the most gentlemanlike men sitting opposite to her ; never met, she says, two more intelligent men. She begged one of them at Wolverhampton to change seats with her, and be was most politely willing to comply with her wishes, only it was necessary that his companion should move on at the same time, for they were chained together 1 Two of the swell mob, sent to town for pick ing a pocket at Shrewsbury races.' " ► IrLFNetoet sw e t rs in time to-daY• M AILS FOR YORK. —Wedn esdaisylatyhle4fo:Alowsiiinip notice was issued by the General 13 - office- e Ze b e e tu f it o I r a: a ri r t d i e e d s : b g y i'ehtShipletter rme ailLa Great t Western r ei will fflebrecne made tva G em e u n e pre steamer. REDEEMING THE MALT- TAX.—A jovial old farmer of this neighbourhood, who is fond of social company and his glass, was not long ago brought before the bench, on the old charge of " drunk and disorderly. His numerous visits to the Court, consequent on similar delinquencies, trenching further on his time and " tin" than he liked, he asked the magistrates if they would have any objection to contract with him for a year, as such a measure would save t rou bl e to b oth himself and their honours thejustices ?—Liverpool Courier. COCKBURNSPATH.—The railway operations in this quarter, in which is the most extensive and difficult sec tion of the whole line, from there being so many deep cuts and glens to go through in the different deans upon the estate of Sir John Hall, Bart., Dunglass, are not withstanding advancing rapidly. Some of the cuts are forty and fifty feet in depth. The minor bridges are all nearly finished, and the g reat bridge over Dnn g lass Dean was key-stoned on Wednesday evenin g . Thi s will be the highest and most splendi d b r i dge in Scotland. THE WEATHER AND CHOPS.—The land i s now abundantly supplied with rain, and the atmosphere being remarkably mild, vege tation is makin g the most gratify ing progress. Every d escri p tion of cro p looks well—all the grain crops being equally and richly braded. Clover grass is finer than fur several years past, clover plants being more abundant, and both clover and rye grass unusually healthy and luxuriant. Pasture lands are fresh and close in the roll, and afford an ample sup ply of food to grazing stock. The weather being highly favourable for the preparation of summer fallows, great progress has been made, and altogether the prospects both of the grower and consumer are of the most cheer ing description.—Scctim en. The Bowery Theatre, at New York, was totally destroyed by fire on the,2sth ult, IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. ROUSE OF COMMONS, May 15. The SPEAKER took the Chair for the first time afa r the Whitsuntide rcc:ss, at Four o'clock. Colonel THOMAS WOOD presented a petiti, n against the Westminster Improvements Bill. ATMOSPHERIC RAILWAY. Sir G. STAUNTON presented a petition, signed by upwards of 16,000 persons, in favour of the application of the atmospheric principle to railways. Colonel WEMYSS presented a petition against the Edinburgh and Northern Railway. Mr. BRO rHERTON presented a petition against the Chichester, Guildford, and Portsmouth Railway. CROYDON RAILWAY. The following Bills were severally read a first time, and ordered to be committed:—London and Croydon Railway (Enlargement); London and Croydon Railvt ay (Chatham and Gravesend) ; London and Croydon Rail way (Maidstone, Ashford, and Tonbridge); London and Croydon Railway (Orpington Branch) ; London and Croydon Railway (Chatham toChilhatn), SOUiIIAMPTON DOCKS. The Southampton Docks Bill was read a third time and passed. IRISH GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY. On the motion of Lord PALMERSTON, the Dublin, Mullingar, and Athlone Railway Bill was read a second time and ordered to be committed. The Noble Lord remarked that the Bill had excited an extraordinary interest in Ireland, and gave notice that, to-morrow, he would present a petition fr,,m the Cor poration and Lord Mayor of Dublin in favour of it. Mr. B. BALDWIN presented petitions against the Brighton (Horsham Extension), the North Midland, the Mullingar and Enniskillen, and :he Dundalk and Ennis killen Railways. INSOLVENT DEBTORS' BILL. Mr. SPOONER presented a petition from Tunbridge and other places praying for an alteration in the Insol vent Debtors' Bill passed last session. Sir J. DUKE presented similar petitions from Boston. _ _ „ PAROCHIAL SETTLEMENT BILL. Mr. TENNENT presented a petition from the Board of Gunrdians of the Cambridge Union against the Paro chial Settlements Act ; also petitions against the Union of the sees of Bangor and St. Asaph, and against the grant to the College of .Maynooth. GRANT To MAYNOOTH. Mr. DUN DAS presented petitions praying for an increase of the salaries of paro.thial schoolmasters in Scotland; also petitions against the grant to Maynooth, and against Sunday travelling. Sir R. H. INGLIS presented petitions from the parish of St. John the Evangelist in Westminster, against Sunday trading, and the grant to Maynooth. Mr. BOUVERlE_presente.d petitions from Scotland against the grant Maynooth. Mr. SUMMERS pr;sented petitions from several places in Ireland against the Roman Catholic Bequests' Bill. Numerous petitions against the grant to Maynooth were presented by Colonel Powell, Mr. Buck, Mr. Greene, and Mr. Arkwright, but in no single instance could we hear the designations of the petitions. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS. Mr. DUNCAN presented a Bill from Dundee against the Statute of Limitations Bill. MAYNOOTH. Mr. HAWES presented several petitions against the grant to Mayncoth, and one in favour of it, signed by a single individual, the Rev. Mr. Ballagar, which, as it presented the question so shortly and so strongly, he should move that it be read at the table. BIRMINGHAM, GLOUCESTER, AND WOLVER- HAMPTON RAILWAY. Mr. SPOONER moved the second reading of the Birmingham, Gloucester, and Wolverhampton Railway Bill. Mr. PAKINGTON said that this was a Bill for the extension of the London and Birmingham Railway, and he hoped the House would extend its indulgence to him whilst he stated his reasons for opposing the second reading of this Bill. It was not merely on private grounds that he opposed this Bill, nor would he ask any favour of the House, but on behalf of other landowners as well as himself, he should oppose it. This railway would pass for 2i miles through his own ground, and he would hear every engine from his drawing•room s indows. When this scheme had first been brought forward, he had inquired of his surveyor respecting it, and had been informed that the standing orders had been violated in a hundred instances. The Bill had been proposed, and was then withdrawn, when after two or three months it was again brought forward by an entirely dif ferent company. Last January it was again intro duced to the notice of the public, not by the original company, but as an extension of the London and Bir mingham line, when one was prepared to oppose it ; and he should, therefore, certainly take the sense of the House ou the second reading. Mr. SPOONER opposed the motion on the ground that his Hon. Friend had net given notice to the parties of his opposition. The promoters of the Bill had been put to the expense of summoning their witnesses and retaining counsel. The Bill had been referred in one of the groups to the Committee, and before that Com mittee the case of his Hon. Friend would be fully inves tigated. _ _ Mr. PAICINGTON explained. lie regretted that he had not been able to give notice of his intention ta oppose the second rending, but in c•msequenee of the period at which the Bill was moved he could not give notice. Sir R. INGLIS said he did not understand his Hon. Friend to object to the Bill, except upon the ground of surprise, but as he understood the facts, it . was his lion. Friend the Member for Droitwich who was taken by surprise, and he would, therefore, support the motion of his Hon. Friend the Member for Droitwich. _ - Mr. SPOONER explained. Mr. LABOUCHERE said that the Hon. Gentleman brought the case very fully and fairly before the House ; but still he thought that his objection to the second reading of the Bill, merely on account of the surprise which it would cause, should not induco the House to refuse the second reading of the Bill The House then divided, when there appeared to be— For the motien 4l Against it Majority in favour of the motion —l9 ROYAL COLLEGE OF SURGEONS. Mr. WAKLEY rose to move, " That a Select Com mittee be appointed, to inquire into the management of the Royal College of Surgeons of England : also, to investigate the circumstances which led to the grant of an additional charter to the Council in 1843, and into the effects produced by the operation of that charter upon the interests and professionol rank of the great body of the members of the college." And should that resolution be negatived, then to move the following :-- " That in any charter which the Crown may be advised to grant for the incorporation of the general practition ers, those gentlemen are fully entitled to enjoy an equality of professional station with the newly -created Fellows ; that a deep and lasting injury would be in flicted on many thousands of scientific men if a College of General Practitioners were to be founded as an insti tution inferior to the College of Surgeons." The Hon. Member said he submitted the motion to the House in conformity with a great number of petitions which had been presented to the House from members of the College of Surgeons resident in every part of the king dom, and in consquence of a great number of communi cations from the same body of gentlemen on the subject. But he Was chiefly actuated by the fact that a petition had been presented on the 31st of March by him from surgeons resident in the county of Gloucester. The petitioners stated that, by the charter granted in 1843 by her Majesty, the Council had the power of electing a certain number of the members of the Col lege, who should be entitled to the , general principle of electing the Council in all time coming; and they added that they looked on such distinctions as unjust to the great body of surgeons, and they entered their most indignant protest against the principle. They also stated that the charter required that all existing members should undergo another examination, or be excluded from the honours of a fellowship in the College. They also prayed that no Bill should be allowed to pass until inquiry had been ordered Into the circumstances connected with the granting of the charter. He be lieved that the Right Hon. Baronet the Secretary of State for the Home Department was by that time aware that he had taken a false step in recommending the granting of this charter, and the division to which the House had come the other night was a sufficient proof of that fact.—(Elear, hear.) lie was as yet really ignorant of the effect of the changes which were intended by the Government measure ; and he supposed—he was under the necessity of sup posing—that the Bill which had been formerly in- troduced was in substance the very same with that which would be now introduced before the House, but that they would have soon an opportunity of examining these alterations. The history of the Col lege of Surgeons—the history of the conduct of the Council rather was characterised as one of injustice to the professors by the self-elected governing body. The College was founded by a charter granted in the year 1843, and from that year to this the Council had on various occasions passed regulations extending their own powers, and, in fact, creating to themselves a monopoly of the most unjust and oppressive character. In the year 1826, in consequence of the abuse of these powers, there had been a large assembly of the profession who expressed great clissatisfactien at the conduct of the Council. After much discussion the meeting passed two resolutions, he might say unanimously, expressive of their sense in the first place, of the oppressive mode inwhieh the Council had acted ; and, in the second place, that the regulations which had been passed in 1823, respect ing the taking up of diplomas,: were highly detrimental to the interests of the profession. These resolutions were passed in a meeting in which nearer 2,000 than 1,500 individuals were present. At the time these resolutions were passed it was a universal im pression that, however energetic their represen tations might be, there was little chance of obtaining attention or redress, except by an appeal to the House of Commons ; and accordingly the last reso lotion of that meeting was a determination to appeal to that House, and they accordingly did so. The result of that petition was the appointment of a Select Committee, of which his Hon. Friend the Member for Kendal (Mr. Warburton) was chairman, and he believed the Right Honourable Baronet opposite (Sir James Graham) was a member of it. Before that Committee a great mass of evidence was taken, the whole purport of which was to show that the whole establishment was in a state of disorder. The museum, a moat valuable one—the Hunterian Museum—which was allowed to be one of the finest in Europe, and for which a great sum:of public money had been paid, was in such a state of disorder that it was per f e ptly useless. From that time till .1843 nothing was done, but in 1835 a great injury had been done to the Imedical profession by the operation of the New Poor-law. The profession had every reason to expect that they would obtain redress from that House ; but in 1843 they found' to their amazement that a new charter was granted to the college, in which ex traordinary and unconstiutional powers were con ferred upon the Council. When it was first re ported that such a charter had been granted, he did not think that a hundred men in the profession throughout Great Britain, believed that it was true. But, unfortunately, time showed that it was true, and that a charter had received the sign manual con ferring those extraordinary powers on the Council. It contained provisions which gave extreme an noyance to upwards of then thousand men. In the last fifty years the science of medicine and surgery had made greater progress than any other art or science in the whole range of human knowledge. It was admitted by every writer of eminence or ability that medicine and surgery constitute but one science, of which pharmacy and midwifery are important depart ments. But by the extraordinary , provisions of the new charter those members of the College of Sur geons who practise midwifery and pharmacy are excluded from the governing body of the College. In fact, the qualifications were looked upon by the mem bers of the Coll( ge of Surgeons as inferior and degrading occupations, and the rules of that institution were such as cast a slur upon the professional avocations of those practising midwifery that never should have been cast upon them. Those rules and by-laws had been made by the Council of the College of Surgeons, but they had never been included in any statute or ever received the sanction of the Crown. One of the clauses in these rules was to this effect, that no member of the College of Surgeons should be eligible to become a member of the Council while practising midwifery or pharmacy, or who had practised those branches of the profession for five years, or, in ether words, that any person who had practised midwifery or pharmacy for four years, from this time, would be disqualfied for a seat in the College of Surgeons. This he should call a most monstrous and ridiculous propcs Con, and such a one as never would have received the sign manual of the Crown. Well, the rule went on to say, further, that those who professed midwifery and pharmacy could net be entitled to a seat in the College unless they resided within 5 miles of St. Martin's-le-Grand. Now, he knew many members of the profession practising those branches who could not be equalled in Europe, and many of them were superior to any in the empire, and yet this disqualification was put upon them by this ridi culous rule. The rule went on to provide, that if a member who had a seat should cease to reside within the definite distance, then he should be removed from the Council. This, he would say, was carrying such absurdities to a most preposterous length. It was for these reasons that those members of the me dical profession who practised midwifery and pharmacy had sought for the abrogation of those bye-laws. They sought it by petition to that House, and by public declarations, and by remonstrances to the Right lion. Gentleman opposite himself. He (Mr. Wakley) would contend for it, that no person in the profession could approve of this charter. The Right Hon. Gen tleman himself did not like it, though it was his own off spring; and he (Mr. Wakley) could assure theßight Hon. Gentleman it was looked on abroad as an ugly production. Two petitions had been presented for an inquiry into the circumstances which led to the passing of the charter. The proceedings of the Council were carried on in secret—no one knew what motions were proposed, or what amendments a ere made to them, nor was it known what was decided. The Right Honourable Gentleman had made them a representative body, and he should also take care that the members should know what the conduct of their representatives was. The language of Mr. Guthrie was worthy the attention of the House. He stated in his petition which was presented last year, that though in his collective capacity he was compelled to accept the grant of the new charter, a copy of which had been laid en the table, yet he considered several of the provisions to be illiberal, exclusive, and unjust. In hispetition this year he sought for an inquiry into the conduct of the Council, and states that he was aware of the unfitness of the charter for the purposes for which it was intended, and that many of the provisions were as de ceptive and illiberal in their nature as could be expected from even a purely arbitrary Government. That was the language of a member of the Council of Health, and he hoped that such an explanation would be given by the Right Hon. Gentleman as would preclude the necessity of the appointment of a Com mittee of Inquiry, and that the Right Hon. Gentleman would be prepared to say that such a charter would not continue to exist. to the annoyance of the profession. Even the majority of the Council spok e o f the duty imposed on them by the Right Hon. Gentleman as an invidious duty. The Government had, therefore, abso lutely forced on the Council of the College of Sur geons a charter for which they entertained the greatest dislike ; and, of course, which they had no desire to. receive. Now the circumstance was very extraordinary, considering what had been the conduct of the profession for a long series of years. In his (Mr. Wakley's) opinion the Right lion. Baronet exercised, in 1843, relative to this subject, a very unconstitutional power, and he thought he had most unjustly exercised that power with reference to a very large number of deserving professional men. C implaints had been made by Sir Astley Cooper and other distinguished men, and all were agreed that the rule prohibiting men from becoming members of the College until they had arrived at a certain period of life was a great hardship.— (Hear.) These complaints had been laid before the House, but how were the petitions of these men an swered ? Simply by a Minister of the Crown, who rely ing on some private representltions, and guided by some influence at the Ilome-of'fice, granted a new charter to the Council, and instead of punishing the Council for misconduct which they had committed during a long series of yearg, invested them with new powers, and enabled them to exercise such powers to the extreme annoy ance of many thousands of their professional brethren. The profession and the House had a right to complain ; and, if prerogative charters were granted in this way, the sooner such powers were extinguished, the better. He knew the Right Hon. Gentleman would say that he did it for the best. He (Mr. Wakley) had no doubt but that was the case, at the same time he felt quite sure the Right Hon. Gentleman had been mis informed by one upon whose judgment he should not in future rely. But the charter had been granted, and granted under extraordinary circumstances. Was it to continue in force? The Right Hon. Gentleman ought to make some alteration in the standing of the fellows. The present plan was the most absurd and ridicu lous that could be conceived. The Committee were empowered according to the provisions of the charter to elect 300 members to the class of fellows within the first three months of its operation. Upon the 14th December, 1843, the Council was required to select from the body of members not less than 250 nor more than 300 members, and these members were selected in the most arbitrary manner. Now, the fellows constituted the body frem which the future Council was to be elected, the fellows themselves being the electors; and by this system it was absolutely impossible for the names placed lowest on the list to be elected to the Council of the College. Could any one suppose that an arrangement of this kind could be satisfactory to the pro fession? Could it give rise to any other feel ings than those of disappointment ? There were im mense numbers of men, who had endeavoured to dis charge their professional duties with credit to them selves and advantage to the public, thus by the whim of a dominant party placed in such a position, that they were deprived of their just rights and privi leges. The council of the College had seen proper to give the world an analysis of the mode in which they had discharged their duty, and the result according to their own showing was as follows. They had appointed 229 surgeons in the general hospitals in various parts of the country. They had created fifty-two teachers in the various branches of recognised science, recognised as such by themselves. They had created as fellows ten men, who were distinguished by their contributions to medical literature. Forty members who had formerly practised pharmacy or midwifery, were created sargeons without examination. Then they said that 113 persons in the country had been recommended by the heads of the respective departments ; and then, out of thousands of professional gentlemen practising in the provinces— men not surpassed for their scientific acquirements by any body in Europe—only sixty-seven, out of all the provincial practitioners, were recommended as being ca pable of being attached to a general hospital, although some of their diplomas dated later than 1822. And was it not apparent, on the face of these facts, that some inquiry was absolutely necessary? It was impossible to look at the principle on which the college was governed—it was impossible to look at the paucity of indi% iduals elevated —without feeling throughout convinced and persuaded that such a state of things could not remain in the same state without occasioning feelings of dissatisfaction and heart-burning in those who had done no wrong, and were only guilty of demanding the rights to which they were justly entitled. Though that statement was made, not one of the sixty-seven surgeons was chosen, whose diplomas dated since 1824—a period of twenty one years. And it was also a fact, which appeared from the analysis of the list, that thirty were created to the rank of fellows in the first 300 appointed, whose diplomas dated between 1833 and 1837. The inequalities established, as he considered, in a thoughtless manner in the Bill of the Right lion. Gentleman were of an outrageous character. A feeling of dissatisfaction would prevail, unless the clause to which he referred was removed, namely, the clause relating to the present condition of the charter. The Right Hon. Gentleman excluded those who prac tised pharmacy and midwifery from sitting in the Council if they practised within five years antecedent to the day of election. There were persons of the highest au thority, however, who acknowledged that the medical practitioners, in order to exercise the functions of their profession with security to their patients, ought to be educated in the whole of the branches of the profession. The expression of Mr, cAbernethy, surgeryin l B w 2 e B r ,e had been and indivisible often qu ote . d , that Wba medi cine ev was the opinion of several men who were examined before hadm tCommitteeh e e nwrehfoe rwreedre to b i x n a tmlbBie3n4ed? before e i f f o r t e h e Right by theon. Gentleman Verakley) did not t hi nk that he statementswould made that eminentb gr. atlt, chartera Committee, con taining such provisions as werei c n the Bill ill before them. d Mr. Lawre nce, a memberof the before that C omm i ttee, and what was his evidence e e n x c a e m , examined was asked, "Is not a large share of the actual practice of London, surgeon medical practice?" and what was the answer arensw p er r L i N p V a h ll y y , it was, " Unquestionably, surgical treated by means called medical." Sir Benjamin Brodie was examined on the same subject and he was asked this question, " Is it not a very im portant part of the business of a surgeon to resort to medical treatment to prevent hemorrhage." The answer was, "Yes, many cases which are treated as surgical, may be remedied by medical treatment." member Astley Cooper, and Mr. Travers, ancther of the Council, gave similar testimony.—(hear.) This testimony was given in 1834, and it was seven • Alk_ +iv •-:.• ::: ii‘c . ) Ns\ V , - . _:. ,=:',.'-•'• , -44% . - ~. - • ;:,, '. ~, ..'k:-'gt....; • '.%,- cs"-- ' -1 • • -..rf;-Th-,:.5. s ' years since this had occurre d. The surgeons r e t stigmatised at that time, b u t Mr. Trave r s. steted'Nrit though he objected to the system, yet he had suffered no inconvenience, for his colleague was too gentlemanlike a person to interfere with his cases. Now, it was seell k! own to all who had paid any attention to the subject that it was the surgeon who was the complete me dical man. The physician only practised in a part of the profession. He could, it is true, cure all the evils generally called medical evils, but the surgeon had not only to heal the abrasions of the flesh, but also to quell the fever which so frequently attended upon wounds. From these circumstances he trusted the Right Hon. Gentleman would see that he had taken a backward step, and that he had been misled by the information of persons who were either inte rested in making erroneous statements to him. or too de ficient in knowledge to direct him rightly. The medi• cal practitioners were another of the stigmatised parties. Mr. Lawrence, who was one of the Council, had stated that midwifery was a subject which ought to be espe cially attended to, and he did not believe that it was possible for any man to become an able midwifery prac titioner without examination and instruction by persons who attended to that practice only. Sir Astley Cooper, who was also one of the Council, had borne testimony to the same effect, and expressly stated it as his opinion, that unless instructed by individuals engaged solely in the practice of midwifery, he would never be able to ful fil his duty properly in that branch of the profession. He thought the best constructed Board would be formed of those men who had studied midwifery almost exclu sively. Ire was sure the Right Hon. Gentleman could not be aware of the danger he was creating by the pro ceeding he was ad o pti ng . I t ought to be the duty of the Legislature to find competent medical practitioners for the million. The wealthy would never do it. The Government was bound to take care that among the million there was not one unqualified practitioner. Cases had taken place, in consequence of inexperienced practitioners, that were disgraceful to the House and disgusting to society. The poorest classes of the people were the most interested in the proper education of the general practitioners. The middle classes also had not less anxiety for the welfare of their families than the highest aristocracy in the land. And he was able to state that the great body of surgeons in this country were competent to the discharge of their duties, and they ought not to be placed on a lower scale than persons younger in years and prac tice, and not superior in academic attainments. If the Right Hon. Gentleman granted the Committee he would prove that the number of the parties who had been elected to the clans of fellows had obtained no dis tinction whatever, and were unknown as practising sur geons, but who in general practice had attained, per haps, a considerable and a high moral character. LTuder the circumstances. he would ask the Right Hon. Gentle.. man if it were his intention, in the first place, to refuse this inquiry, and, if he should refuse it, he would, in the second place, ask him if it were his determination to maintain the charter in its present odious aspect? As medicine was but a science, was it fair that they should have so many medical corporations ? If such, then were the facts (and it was now admitted that they were facts), was the Right Hsn Gentleman pre pared to say to these professional gentlemen that though they were members of the college they should not be admitted to a seat at its councils, because they practised certain branches of that profession? The Right Hon. Gentleman admitted that those members had rights, but yet they would not be permitted to enter their own college. In fact, the Council acted as if the college were their own private property; but he looked upon them as a public body, and acting only in the ca pacity of trustees for the members and the public. They were appointed by law to perform certain important func tions, and he would ask how had they discharged their duties? He denied they had discharged their duties in any thing like a satisfactory manner ; for if they had, so long ago as .the year 1815, the members would have been in the possession and full enjoy went of their rights in this institution, and when they attempted upon a for mer occasion to assert their rights they were turned out of doors. And, now, when a law was about to be pro posed affecting them, the Right Hon. Gentleman oppo site tuld them still that they should not find a home in their own institution, but that be would provide them with another establishment which would not be per mitted to enter into high and honourable and distin guished rivalry with the present one. He (Mr. Wakley) did think that those gentlemen had great cause to com plain of the treatment they received is that House, for it was there that laws were made affecting them, and it was there that care should be taken that competent professional persons should be provided for the public. In whatever point of view he looked at the con duct of the Council, be could observe that it presented but one characteristic, and that was a neglect of the duties imposed on them by their obligations and by the law ; in feet, he could not point to any one act that that body ever did for the advancement of the medical science. The Hon. Member then alluded to some instances, where individuals who were highly de serving and meritorious had been suffered to live in neglect, and were kept out of the Council, though they possessed all the requLites that constituted a claim to a place in it. He then went on to illustrate the bad effects of keeping back members of the profession in this way. He belonged to the profession himself, and, had had many opportunities of witnessing them in the persons of some very talented men in some of the greatest hospitals in the world. lle looked upon the profession as the noblest that the mind of man could be devoted to, and therefore he did think the House was bound to confer all the honours upon it that it deserved. —(Heer, hear, and cheers.) Before he concluded he wculd entreat, he would implore, the Right Hon. Gentleman to retrace the steps he had taken on this. subject. Never did he (Mr. Wakley) make an appeal with more earnestness for its success than this one.— (Hear, hear.) He would beg of the Right Hon. Gentle man not to listen to the prejudiced representations of interested parties, but to act for the benefit of the public at large, and enable himself to say that he thanked God he had been instrumental in passing such a measure.— (Hear, hear.) He had two resolutions before the House and it was upon the second that he intended to take the sense of the House. The SPEAKER was then about to put the question, when an Hon. Member moved that the House be counted, when it appeared that there were not forty Members present, and the House adjourned. RAILWAY COMMITTEES. (YESTERDAY.) Group F. The Committee re-asssembled at twelve o'clock this day, the Right Hon. F. Shaw in the chair, and proceeded with the inquiry into THE LONDON, WORCESTER, AND SOUTH STAF FORDSHIRE RAILWAY. Mr. Waddington, examined by Mr. HOPE—IS deputy chairman of the Manchester and Birmingham Railway Com pany. Was of opinion that the change of gauge on the Gloucester line caused great inconvenience in the tranship ment of goods. Great delay was occasioned by the change of gauge. Could have no great objection to the broad gauge being extended to Bristol, provided there were the narrow gauge to return bv. The traders at Gloucester were strongly opposed to the alteration of the gauge on the line. Cross-examined by Mr. TALBOT—The extension of the broad gauge to Bristol would be most inconvenient. It would be effected with more safety and facilitv, provided there were no narrow gauge to return by. The limed gauge could not be brought back again, in consequence of the break occasioned. With this exception, there could not be the slightest objection to the broad gauge. Re-examined by Mr. HOPE—Read t h e report of the Board know the exact rate of spee d of Trade in reference to the rate of speed on the Great Western Railway. Does not en that line. Mr. Haine, examined by Mr. HOPE—IS a carrier at Glou cester. Sends goods to and from Bristol and other parts. Had great cause to g c a o u m ge pl o a n in th o e f Gthisenieneecotenrvleinnie. eneeThoceetasraiodue front d o b ul y Gloucester by railway was rath er i ns i gn i ficant. i c Baits examined—Superintends th e b us i ness of thei Br is tolrl a John n to g e G o l f o Messrs. Hutton and Co., carriers, at Gloucester. The change of gauge on the Gloucester line caused great delay in the transit of goods. The change of the gauge caused universal disgust to the traders on the line. The transit of wool from Bristol was by water ; the railway had been tried, but in consequence of the great irregularity, the preference was given to the water carriage. Was not of opinion that the change of gauge on the Bristol station would alter this difficulty. Cross-examined by Mr. TALBOT—Was of opinion that the small trucks would answer better than the large. For the through trade (long distances) the large would answer well, but for local traffic the small trucks were decidedly superior. Though so favourable to small trucks, could not carry out his liking to a band-box. There was a great difference be tween a small railway truck and a band-box.—(Laughter.) Mr. Joseph Chester, examined by Mr. HOPE—Lives at Leicester. Is engaged in the wool and coal trade. Believed the water-carriage for wool better adapted than the railway under the present arrangement of the line. The break of gauge on the Gloucester line was very inconvenient to the traders on the line. The inconvenience arises from the great and unavoidable delay occasioned by the break. Mr. W. R. Lloyd, examined by Mr HOPE—IS a merchant at Birmingham. Trades with Gloucester, Bristol, and Hull, and other places. A meeting of the merchants of Birming ham was held on the 20th of December last. The meeting was convened by themselves. It was a very important meeting, and its object was to consider the propriety of having a con tinuous gauge from Birmingham to Bristol. , The first reso lution was moved by Mr. Muntz, M.P. Cturnmax-,-Here comes the Hon. Member to answer fQr himself. lf lluntz here mad e hi s way to the table amid much laughter.hi Examination continued,—The resolution was favourable to a continuous gauge. The meeting was unanimous for an unbroken gauge. Cross-examined by Mr. TALBOT. —One gentleman named Chance, who attended the meeting, wrote a letter by desire ' of the meeting to Mr. Laing of the Board of Trade, in favour of a continuous gauge from Bristol to Birmingham. . Mr. Chance spoke in favour of the broad; gauge, but the meeting did not approve of it ; their immediate object was a continuous gauge, and not as to whether it should be broad or narrow. Was himself in favour of the narrow gauge, though if the gauge were to be continuous the inconvenience would be materially diminished. Re-examined by Mr. HoPE.—Competition would be very beneficial if it could be kept up where two lines ran together. This would. however, be very soon got rid of by the two Companies combin ing. Would prefer a Government regulation to any other for the security of fair rates. There would be more trouble in loading the trucks on the broad gauge than on the narrow ; the loading would be far more inconvenient. The small gauge would be generally more compact' and un objectionable. wo ll ul v d t g h i e v C e tr n a le ir p ..3 r he indl - ,igence of Mr. Mori~ said he would have to claim lA efe s r — en O ce n further general evidence , in i an cons equence of the witnesses not Committee. He would, ttohtehwe smallhole, if aughe had his choice, he being under examination her inthe tables of ttraffic. therefore, propose to pu the Committee. At that moment he was unable to call any who were briefly examined as to thei r g enera l The tables of traffic were then put in, and a few witnesses called,were accuracy. The Committee then adjourned till twelve o'clock to• marrow.