The Sun. — London, England, 1844-10-30 00:00:00

of them =mato : to Lon he even by some It him on ained in- Lately the nagement aunt have ine, about arrival of ny offered conviction ee young vere taken ay two Of were com- d by the is fair be t eve) . left n Vienna h precious me pearls offered to s steward ee pardon, e town of tnuary. rf Kilbren rid, had his a powde.r ver, wtth , rday. then as the o were we • de Bazaa s supreme, hath taken bet"— • powers or pearing in ng of the as King of C e i s a pp.. /re f. ). 4 . 11'0 144 1'e his s'. lo -1) 1 :, Mr. hi ic e 100, b' 11° . 111ClaY, ce O t the °r e el° gC offt-thio oi ot his so;fr e f oo_ e o f t his P ev r '' • t a 5 5 tbi a fter vi Well ;Ice trish • a o fficer the sli g ht est poss ibl e t ouc h o f th e b rogue t:ient. The scene is laid in the time of Louis 1 . and the splendid costume of the period served et it off to g )usereat advanta.ze. It was completely "essful, and will, no doubt, have a long run. The was crowded. STRAND. If, as Cato says, " This world was made for , "r," most undoubt e dl y t hi s d ramat i c season was , Hade r ' most Don C esar d e B azan. Al rea d y did h e s,lPtre s upreme at the P r i ncess ' s, H aymar k et, Ad e l p hi , y, and Victoria, when on Monday the Strand was 7'added to his conquests. Like his great prototype, he 11.1P%raY exclaim, " V en i , vidi, vici, " for wherever he ap his success is certain. He was at this theatre 1(11,_ost admirably represented b y Roberts, who as Don 7so exhibited powers for the possession of which e had not before given him cre-;lit. There was a iq e d°ln about his acting which told admirably. arit 1) ana was very a bl y sustained by Mrs. Coleman ;Pl3,',and Lazarillo,the artr.ourer's boy, was very nicely 4by Miss Stephens. Mr. John Howard, from the thghton theatre, made his first appearance before a was audience, in the character of the King. It , n r a very careful and crditable performance. .The the hasBe en 'cello , rras admirable, and at the conclusion ,lIPPlauAe. was enthusiastic. The Polka, which "ee Ictid aside for a time, was revived on Mon g arl as danc e d b y M r. R o b erts an d M rs . Mont 4—ell'', it i s one o f the most li ve l y an d e l egant tint imaginable. This is nearly the hundredth fti'l of its p er f ormance at this theatre, and, j udg i ng ea a ppearances, we should not be surprised if it tai.re danced a hundred nights more. This is cer : r i nlY One of t h e most delightful of dances, and we l , not at all surprised at its undiminished popularity. ae house was very well attended. COURT CIRCULAR. b: ngr 'SOß, TUE SDAY .—Th e Q ueen an d Prince Al- IV-rt, at tended by Lady Portman, Hon. Misses Liddell ; P a get, Lord Byron, Hon. Captain Duncombe, tu 'L,er- G eneral Wem vss , an d C o l one l B ouv erie, re ,,ed yesterday evei;ing from town. morning h er M a j es t y an d P r i nce Albert "ed out for some time in the slopes and pleasure ;:tituinledisr adjacent to the Castle ktosal Highnesses * the Prince of Wales, Al' lee Alfred, the Princess Royal, and the Princess apo:T;icisi(,tiv,,:::,err,cle taken their accustomed airings to-day. e Earl ~,f Ellenborough and the Earl of Liver- Steward) arrived at . the Castle to-day, on Peo 'fie Queen. The Right Hon. Sir Robert • arrived in the afternoon, on a visit to her Ma „lesty. a In the a f ternoon her Majesty and Prince Albert ga„in ' walked out.h kter -"‘ oyal High ness th e D uc h ess o f K en t, Lady e tte Dund as , an d t h e C ountess W rat i s l aw , joined leyal circl e at dinner to-day. 44.1'1e band of the Royal dorse Guards was in a mit, an during di nner . H er Majesty's private band re rn - " v ards attend e d i n t h e C ast l e, an d per f orme d th e winder of the evening. bnlitter Royal l Ei g h ness the Duchess of Kent, attended 1 4 , ar 1. 3' Cha r l otte Dundas, the Countess W rat i slaw, souse 1311 ' George Couper, Bart., returned to Frogmore yesterdav evening, from town. G eo er RoYal Highness the Duchess of Kent did Sir . the lasttwice week for the picture of the Christening of his Highness the Prince of Wales. IlP ar r i % r,lteyal Highness the Duchess of Gloucester h er in tow n on Monday evening from a visit to c:'aiesty the Queen Dowager, at Witley Court, reestershire. His Royal Highness the Duke of Gio ttibri c i_ e visited the Royal Duchess yesterday at iiine,,ter House, after her arrival from Kew. re , 1' Excellency M. Dedel returned to Wilton 'eent last Sunday evening from Tottenham Park, th., atte nd the ceremony of opening the Royal Ex pe en Monday. of baron Brunnow, the Russian Minister, had an inter .4,'vhwith Sir Robert Peel yesterday. y e t : e , Earl of Westmoreland transacted business iv: - " d r `aY at the Foreign-office. His Lordship after • ris Gad an interview with the Right Honourable '-'',„stone at the office of the Board of Trade. Inebert Peel left town yesterday afternoon for I?sr Castle, on a visit to her Majesty. 4 - kne e Marqui s of Exeter had an interview with Sir nific e s Gr aham on Monday afternoon, at the Home- M r. Anti -grid ;' - '°P5 jun., Solicitor to the Metropolitan to th e ,-Re Toll Association, presented yesterday merchants -Lords of the Treasury a memorial from 10,000 oe stern manufacturers, and householders of the tiaddycentral districts of the metropolis, being of several containing upwards of 200,000 signa terl presented for - the free passage of 'Wu -Bouthwark, and Vauxhall Bridges, as a para kliiit4nes sure of metropolis improvement, by the d TI% Cation of the burden - some imposts thereon. a 2/ aft,,,„aneellor of the Exchequer left town yester -Ladq?on for his seat, Beechworth House, Surrey. Yeste r d a _ e el left her residence in Whitehall-gardens The afternoon, for Brighton. e°l 'nnat• "men- of the Queen's Body Guard, in full th e 4 10 e c ostu me were on duty at the opening of e°41 41 w a ßc qal Exchange by her Majesty, under the L ee, L a i ri t ; o e f the Earl of Beverley, Captain; Sir George Sadlere ant; Ellerthorp, Adjutant ; and Cap- PorticoExon in Waiting, and lined the grand b nlat o oi the western entrance, ' . and area, the am rsot,oirtirearsYe: tahneagr,e,aet area, r the etern ta area, the grand the Throne- T he leading ward s regal e A‘Ve is, Exon and Yeomen, were after- ALL Lord Mayor. ,treasm 4IENTs.--.The Duke of Buckingham . is . _in: Li s i . 4, 4 allutments of land. He has recently signified nrodu'ez,ltion of causing about 15 acres of now very un- , to h e active land at Kingswood, called " Grub's Woo . d e , 6 lo .i iv e t w ( nt in small portions to working mem — AYl 8 •• ' t 8 . 1 1 E F oil I 3 sued o , ~ Etoaf Mams.—The following notice sviis L e - Gr ana - ' le nday at the General Post-office, St. Martin's Cadiz. and 3 mail • for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon, t 'n)rri'' " la ` 4 Gibraltar will be made up on Thursday -Inuit:l,lll°, the 31st instant. For Malta, Greece, the t tlie rrtin g 0111,-d.si tgy,pt, ladisi, and , Hong-Kong,onthe y the w ,aaturday, the 2d of Nov., via S outhampton.. "16 erland closed mail to India, &c., via Marseilles, Westv,ening of the 7th of Novena ber. Madeira, the zest eel Mexico, Honduras Havannah, and Vene te,4;,, ttle t 0„.....:, . Jun of the 2d of November, by the . Tay Bert,: a ' via Southampton. British North America, ith "a, and the U . • d ' on the evening of the of N ._ nitt• States, . a Liver- Pool t, tiuYernber, by the Britannia steamer, vi ri th e ' `lailtax and Boston. Brazils and Buenos Ayres, ro„, eAvening of the 6th of November, via Falmouth. t. ---, Auk °g '2tieO t , iha to January the packet touches at Per . nam_- 44 eir a e nd Bahia on - her outward passage to Rio de Av'd -, and the other six months on her homeward. t r i l d r, N ew South Wales, and Port Philip, by the 4 Nt , I.ll t, on the evening of Thursday next, the 31st la s c,„ t'''', Gravesend Mails due :—Gibraltar, Cadiz,. Itear e n ,; and Oporto, on the 30th inst. ; the West Indies, "Ta. 1 rlonduras, Havannah, New Grenada, and San -11!0:11thclANicaragua, on the 7th of November ; British 41.-:A , ‘arnerica and the United States, on the 31st inst. ',il.ePutation from Barnard Castle, accompanied by C:l e ,,, i 1-'"aae, of Darlington, a aited upon the Duke of l'es; a " a few days fated-; ascertain his Grace's views to w4s . ‘tn a contemp railway between those two_ teelish, xi s, Grace received the deputation very cour ea ted :1! nut declined giving it his . support . a . nd depre to ~,,'",' formation of short branch lines, which were pro- perttl,7le utility, but involved much destruction . of p i r eh sh, t iliand he said that he would oppose any linewh ro_ p ert . be intended to pass through any part of his p l----- Newcastle Journal. I r a:: ll ' e ::::: NORTON.—A great quantity of barley earl 'll standing in this neighbourhood. and much that expected to ripen ; that which is in a more Pr:4',ai.r:do %tate will scarcely be harvested, so late and u '1;111'L e ' ll P ear i s in th g e o a f ea th so e n N is e . ; O E x x f c o h r a d n G g h e r i o s n r ic e l a e lly an im- Pooeltr.tio,a.n.aist pd interesting occurrence. The edifice is the c a en • t — 1 the commerce of the metropolis, and the tranos carried on there, influence, more or less, that ,re f ki - c a o n o o g l r , egate:,, • of those who ' the do t empire. The prosperity is essential to the well-being . of the e li,;. l ,,g d °,rn ; h is to England what the Kilometer is to - ",,, iP , t 'ans ; as the title of wealth rises or falls in it, so tle:; the peoplo busy or unoccupied—for it indicates the extent tO r(')verinffi.t for which t h e fruitful waters of commerce are g the land. I n that building will be the seat ofperhaps, centuries to couse ; and who can tell what uur commercial destiny may he ? The first Ex- Qullalage--,:the Exchange of Gresham—was opened by een .tlizabeth, and was destroyed in the great fire ; and second was built in the reign of Charles the Second, sentlll was again burned down a few years since. The pre "lifiee, then, i • the third that has stood on the same s P ° t a d s • i n een appropriated to the same purpose.—Deven pert Independent. hill 8E CROP S IN W EST LOTHIAN.--The crop o'er b t arnYard and dale i s now secured, and a capital one it is. The r osy are filled t o overflowing, with many a goodly w Of rick s outside the fences, and all stored in excel lent condition —the last the best. What trials of the ilt have been made tell well, both in quantity ani qua tt-all sound wholesome stuff, and plenty of it. Po f !, u es have lifted well, and, notwithstanding some partial al 'urs, are a full crop —in proof, they are now selling at ta e 3. The turnip crop is also good, and in some cases , e storing process is going on, with the ground in such ( 7, nn as is but seldom witnessed in this district. Judging o'l Scotland by Linlithgowshit•e, we rejoice to think B „ e re is such an abundant crop for another years's con trintion, i n such excellent condition. No sooner are t i:! f ields 4 , clea r t h an drainage is commenced with, and `. _ti charge whi c h this first-of-all-improvements is yearly .. r n OCg is truly wond er f u l . —S cotch paper. Iti4JTORS' NEW CURE Pox. CONSUMPTION, BEING LAT EST CONTRIBUTION TO THE ORGANIC THEORY. ---,‘ od-liver Oil ! ! ! is now put forth by doctors as a d , i . ire , for c onsumption ; it is going the round of the me -o,.e_4`. Press, and no doubt will amuse the students in _ 'Amine for the next six months. What will he the 1.1,ex..t thing introduced ? Verily, this organic theory of .T.);tors affords plenty of work and pay to its supporters. l i-ned by Morison and Moat, of the British College of i' „ell,lth, New -road, London, for and on behalf of the body rtygeists, who contend, that since all diseases arise r ‘ oo, 0 ~ ne cause, namely, an impurity of the blood, they „ivtilll._be cured' by the Vegetable Universal Medicine, te,. l ' l l being composed of innocuous ingredients, may be — " el l by Imy person without the ad of a doctor. rilE_ SUN, LONDuN, WEDYESDAY MOnNING, OCTOBER, 30 1844. Viscount ADARE, M.P., then rose to propose the first resolution. After the statements that had been last made, it was unne3essar;Tx: —' hirii to enier into the question whether a railway was necessary fbi• SJulh Wales. On that sulliect he apprehended therti could not be a seeond °Viren. lie felt particularly gratified at two things: —first, at the good opinion which such a company as the Great Western seemed to entertain of the project ; and, secondly, at the nume rous and highly influential meeting which, by its pre sence, concurred in the proceedings of the day. This was particularly understood to be the age of great undertakings. It was essential to their progress that unanimity should govern their proceedings, and he was happy to state that unanimity was the distin guishing feature of the present meeting. The most sceptical on the subject—those who did not belong to the company, and proposed taking no part in the spe culation, nevertheless hailed it as a measure of wis dom—as the means of connecting the metropolis of England with the south of Ireland, and as productive of those happy results which must proceed from such an intercourse. The Noble Lord concluded by mov ing the folowing resolution:—" That the formation of a railway in connection with the Great Western Rail way, through Newport, Cardiff, and the agricultural districts of Llantrissant, Cowbridge, Bridgend, and Pyle, thence to Neath, Swansea, and Fishguard, thereby both connecting the metropolis of England with Ireland, and giving scope to the development of the vast and various resources of this rich country, cannot fail to be productive of the greatest advantage not only to tha country at large, but especially to the respective districts which it will traverse." The Right Hon. J. NicrioLL, M.P., said ,he had the honour and gratification of seconding the resolu tion just moved by the Noble Viscount. It had been well said that any project that had for its object the establishment of a communication between this coun- try and the metropolis must be of advantage to Wales. When he said that the projected line would be in connexion with the Great Western Company, he meant to say that it would be in connexion with the greatest and best line of railway that had ever been constructed in this or any other country, or that had yet been called into existence. He begged to con gtatulate the meeting that it received so great an amount of support; and he hoped that the town of Cardiff would show its sense of the proposed boon— of its interest in the undertaking, not by the sub scriptions of single persons, but of numbers. It was not the wish Of the Great Western Company, nor was it necessary that gentlemen alone should come forward in support of the railway with large sub scriptions. It was essential that names should be numerous as well as influential, and thus prove that the town of Cardiff, with the county at large, felt an interest in the undertaking. He would not detain the meeting further than to bid the undertaking go forward and prosper.—(Cheers.) The question on the resolution was then: put from the chair and carried. Sir J. GUEST, Bart., M.P., said, that the following resolution had been put into his hands :—" That com mittees be appointed for the purpose of obtaining subscriptions, and otherwise promoting the under taking, and, from time to time, conferring with the provisional committee and the Great Western Rail- way Company in furtherance of the measure." After the interesting explanation given by Mr. Barlow, it was quite unnecessary for him to say anything, ex cept merely in discharge of the duty he felt imposed on him to call on them to put down their names. He would only add, with respect to the commercial prospects of the railway, that as the present line would be the connecting link between England and Ireland, much commercial advantage might be in ferred. It should not be forgotten, that in this country they had a profusion of metals, which were manufactured in the heart of England. If the pro jected line were now laid down, the facilities of transit would be so great, that the produce of their copper would be sent there, the English hardware would find its way into this country, and in their turn they would be able to send into the heart of England the various metals with which their hills abounded ; and it was not too much to anticipate that the trades and manufactures which now flourished in England would in the course of a few years, find their way to the hills, and be established among them. —(Cheers.) As a voucher for this speculation, he could refer to Professor Buckland, who, he was glad to see among them. [The Learned Gentleman thus appealed to, sat opposite Sir J. Guest, and by a nod, intimated his assent.] That Learned Gentleman could satisfy them of the abundance of coal on their hills, and its probable duration. He (Sir J. Guest) was happy to see that day,—he had long anticipated it, and the success of the undertaking was what he had at heart for many years.—(Cheers.) The Rev. ROBERT KNIGHT said he had been se lected for seconding the resolution just now submitted to them. He could do so with great pleasure. They had heard of the advantages that would arise from the proposed undertaking, by joining the two extremities of the United Kingdom. If they looked nearer home, they would find in the county of Glamorgan that ma terials which lay for many ages unexplored and unde veloped, would by the contemplated line be made available for the uses for which a wise Providence originally intended them, and make business at both extremities of this county as active as ever it had been at the centre of it. He would not detain them longer than to congratulate the county generally on the happy prospects held out, and the deputation of the Great Western Company for the flattering reception which it had everywhere experienced. The High Sheriff of the county, J. B. PRYCE, Esq., said that the accomplishment of the present under taking would be productive of the happiest results, and was certainly the most important that could be undertaken. A few days ago he observed stakes driven into a portion of the bank of the Ely, on which part of his property lay. He was glad to perceive that his land could afford such a slight facility for the commencement of this great undertaking, and he would be glad to find that the best land of his in the county could serve a similar purpose. He had the pleasure of bringing with him to the meeting two of the most distinguished g fi c ie ol ß og e i v s . ts mr of .c t o h n e ybe a a g r e e , Professor .Hevirasqußucitedkellaignd delighted to see those gentlemen unfold their maps and display the treasures of the mineral world, which they ,anti cipated from this display. He concluded by moving the following resolution :—" That the best thanks of the meeting be given to the deputation of the Great Western Railway Company, for their attendance this day, and the information so readily given , by them, respecting the prospects of the undertaking. T. W. BoottEa, Esq., said he had the high honour of seconding the resolution which had been just pro posed. In doing so, he could not help congratulating the deputation of the Great 'Western Railway Com pany on the very flattering circumstances under which they appear before the public. There was a period, and not a remote one, in which the near ap proach of a railway line was regarded by the landed proprietary with horror. " What,' said they, " shall we have our parks cut up by your railways—our very kitchens and pantries tunnelled by your boring ? —(Laughter.) You will not let the country alone, but tormenting aad cutting it up into the most fan tastic shapes and forms disfiguring the face of nature. You will not leave one beauty free ' To sink or swell as Heaven pleases.' " This might at one period form the ground of com plaint with many well-meaning gentlemen; but time and circumstances are changed, and what at one period was looked upon with jealousy and consterna tion, was now regarded with tolerance, if not com placency. Mr. Brunel too, like other artful seducers, kept out of the people's way, and by a retiring and delicate reserve, enhanced the value of his presence, and made people but wish the more for his company. —(Laughter.) He could not help observing that it augured well for the success of the undertaking to find that the South Wales Railway would have less in amount to pay for compensation for land than other lines. This circumstance brought him to the railway itself. In the few observations he felt it necessary to make, he would avoid treading on tender ground, or hazarding an observation that would for a moment disturb the unanimity that so happily prevailed. He would, in all courtesy, beg to put some questions to the deputation, to which, from the frank and explicit manner elsewhere shown, he was sure satisfactory replies would be given. He could perceive that from Cardiff the railway passes by the valley of Ely through a rich agricultural district adjacent to Llantrissant, Cowbridge, Bridgend, Porth Cawl, and Pyle, the produce of which would thus be rendered available towards the supply of the sur rounding manufacturing population. Passing thence, the railway runs through the centre of the great copper and tin-plate works, situate at Cwm-Avon, Neath, and Swansea, where it is estimated that three fourths of all the copper raised in Great Britain are smelted, and a great portion is now exported at a very considerable cost, to London and the north. This produce from the shorter route, and the greater faci lity of transport offered by the proposed means of com munication, would necessarily be secured to the rail way, and thus speedily and more economically find its way to the metropolis and all the interior parts of the kingdom. Leaving Swansea, the course of the rail way would be such as to secure to it the entire traffic of the counties of Carmarthen and Pembroke and a large portion of that of Cardigan. Some distance be• yond Cormarthen it is proposed that the railway shall divide into two branches, the one proceeding southward to Pembroke and Milford Haven, and the other in a southward direction to Fishguard, whence a communication with the South of Ire land would be effected within five hours. The length of way wes computed to be 148 miles ; the capital to be expended 2,500,000/. ; and 17,0001. per mile was the estimated cost. Now, as the gentlemen were in town most conversant with these details, people would naturally expect the most explicit declarations on ' these 'subjects. Would Mr. Brunel say whether the estimated expenditure of 17,0001. per mile was correct? 'or his part hP t did net anticipate. the f a il ure o f the project for wantof funds; and he rhight be alldwed,to hope that the projectors were prepare to i netitral,iied, if pot oVercOrae l eVerY oPPosition that might be offered. It is proposea that the railway shall cross the Severn below Glouces ter. Respecting this the meeting was aware of the formidable opposition to be encountered. He would therefore have no reserve, and he Was dnlioti§ to get the mast specific declarations on the subject to pre vent any mistakes. A meeting had been recently held in Gloucester. The interference of the South Wales Railway with the navigation of the Severn had been freely alluded to. Lord Hatherton attended the meeting, and he would beg to state what his expres sions were on that occasion. He expressed the fullest conviction that the fair interests of the creditors of the Severn would be protected by Parliament.—(Cheers.) Parliament had refused to make the river a joint-stock property. It had preferred appointing a commission to execute the improvements in a prescribed manner, and had given to the creditors of the commission the secu rity of certain tolls to pay them their interest and to re • pay them their capital, and he was satisfied that it would never (before a shilling of revenue to repay the larger expenditure had been ta;sed), sancion any body of speculators in the establishment of an almost paral lel line, to carry off the entire of the traffic from the improved navigation—(Cheers) —and it was remarka ble that it was on a commercial traffic that the railway projectors seemed to rely, for little or nothing was said about passengers ; but what was the case ? IA 1837 the House of Commons considered the grand con nexion scheme, which took a line very similar to that proposed to be taken now. A certain amount of traffic was then exhibited as likely to be accommodated by such a line. That line, howevei, the House of Com mons rejected; but, since that period, he might say that three other lines had been opened for the accom modation of Birmingham, Wolverhampton ' and South Staffordshire. The Bi rm i ng h am an d Gloucester Railway had been opened, and was carrying at an incredibly small rate of tonnage. The Birmingham and Worcester Canal, running in exactly the same direction, had been so greatly improved by deepening and ample reservoirs, as to render it almost a new canal, and its tonnages had been reduced to the lowest practicable rate. Then, on the other side, the com pletion of tho works on the Severn, which would be perfect to below Worcester in five weeks, would ren . der the line of the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal, from Wolverhampton down to the Severn, and on to Worcester, serviceable to the local and general trade to an extent never before known. Here were three lines, then, that might be eon sidered as newly opened since the House of Com mons pronounced the proud connexion scheme unne- cessary in 1837. But the importance of the Severn im provement would not stop here. If Parliament would protect its revenue, the future amount of which was still doubtful, the commission would, he was satisfied, institute immediate inquiry into the means of ex tending the improvements down to the Bristol Channel. The execution of the works for the deep - ening the river, under Mr. Cubitt and Mr. Williams' direction, by embanking, dredging, &c., below Wor cester, left no doubts whatever of the facility with which those operations might be extended below Gloucester ; and until the channel was opened up from the mouth of the river, they should never see that accomplished which Sir R. Peel had expressed in the House of Commons—his desire to witness the " sea brought up to Worcester."—(Cheers.) The immense importance of steam navigation between Ire land and the south-west of England on one side and the centre of England on the oilier could not be over estimated. Railways were no doubt most important, but he doubted whether there was now any one national object of the sort unaccomplished so import ant as the establishment of a perfect steam-boat navi- gation between the Bristol Channel and the centre of England. He should never rest satisfied till that was accomplished.—(Cheers.) But for such an object the revenue of public creditors must be protected, or Parliamentary commissions would remain powerless for ever.—(Cheers.) Mr. Booker felt in common with them all, how deeply they were indebted to the deputation, and he felt there was every propriety in putting these questions to the deputation. Mr. BRUNEL said he came there that day quite un prepared to make any specific doclarations, but with respect to the questions put by Mr. Booker, he was quite ready to give the fullest information. With respect to the first point, the estimated amount of the line, he should say that gentlemen would bear in mind the comparative expenditure of lines constructed in the present day, and those laid down eight or ten years ago. Some of these cost much more than was at first contemplated. There were various reasons for this discrepancy between the estimated and actual amount of construction. Without troubling the meeting with all the reasons, it would, perhaps, be enough for his purpose to state that various circum stances determined the relative amount—the period of time when they were made—the cost of materials, and possibly the want of precision in the estimate. The same fallacy in the estimates that private gen tlemen are subject to in building their mansions, occasionally governs railways. Railway directors when they see what has been done—when new vistas of commerce open to their views, generally extend their lines, and necessarily incur an expense to which the new improvements subject them. The circum stances under which the Great Western Railway was constructed were very different from those which govern railways of the present day. He would in stance a few particulars, by way of illustration. The Box tunnel of the Great Western Railway cost 100/. per yard. The tunnel on the Exeter Railway cost but 531. The Cheltenham tunnel in connexion with the Great Western Railway was estimated at 1361. per yard ; it cost but 341. per yard. To show the re duction in this department alone, he might mention that, within the last three weeks, he had contracted for tunnelling at 281. per yard. The comparative expense must, of course, depend on a variety of cir cumstances—the nature of the material to be worked upon, and the accessibility of materials, with other matters which he could not just now go into. The estimate of the railway proposed to be brought before Parliament was considerably less than that of lines laid down even in 1836. About 2,500,000/. was the esti mate of the South Wales line—about 15,000/. per mile —and then a surplus would be left available for the exigencies of the Company. The line of railway pass ing through the Stroud valley, at one period deemed impracticable,and in consequence given up, was taken by the Great Western Company, and that cost but 15,0001. a mile on the average. Now, he would say that the. South Wales line ought not to average more that 12,0001. or 13,0001. per mile. So far as to the comparative expense of construction. Respecting other points he would say there was no mystery—there was no effort at concealment; but explicitness of detail with re gard to leading features was quite consistent with some reserve on other points. With respect to the Severn navigation, he should say it was proposed to improve that river up to the city of Worcester; and the parties interested in that improvement must have contemplated a railway to give effect to that improve ment. He had been in communication with the Severn Navigation Company, and he would not hesi tate to state to that body his belief that the contem plated railway would considerably advance the im provement of that river. Mr. BARLOW briefly returned thanks. He would have great pleasure in stating to his colleagues in town the gratifying unanimity which prevailed at the pre sent meeting, and the cordiality with which the depu tation had been received. They might rest assured that the 'confidence reposed in them would not be misplaced, and that they would do all in their power to justify that by promoting the interests of the line. There would be an identity of views and interests between them. So great was the confidence already ous vote was come to, ap to the Company. rwepaolseesduinoatrhde,ma,nthuantaantima recent meeting of the South on the Chair man of the Great West ern Com p a ny , and, in terms p: f i r n . t u in a g rlo A w lr c . to the Marquis of Bute for the liberality o f hi s views and support o f the projected of warm eulogy, moved the thanks of the deputation o ß nc u l s u s d el e l d as hy C a h n airman encomium ability and impartiality with railway, and the chair: A contention of a very amicable nature here took place between several gentlemen in the vicinity of the chair for the honour of seconding the resolution. Prominent among these was the distinguished Pro fessor Buckland, to whom, by common consent, was awarded the honour. Dr. BUCKLAND then rose, and was warmly cheered. He rose, he said, with heartfelt pleasure, to second the proposition which had been just made. Though not an inhabitant of that county, it was his lot to be oc casionally connected with it for many years, and, therefore, he had some pretensions to second the mo tion which had been made. These were matters of which he was professionally cognizant, and which he might, with propriety, detail to the present meeting, and which it was important for them they should know. The foundation of their present prosperity mainly rested on the article of coal. Had not this existed, he believed he was correct in stating that their population would have been less than it was at present by 5,000,000, and their commerce less by one-third. He need not dwell on the advantages to be derived from locomotives. They all had appa rently prospects of long life before them, and they all might learn the facilities of encouragement railways gave the multiplication of the means of life, and the en hancement of its highest and most intellectual enjoy ments. Next in importance to coal, as an important staple of th e i r coun try, stood iron. It was preferable to either gold or silver—seeing that to her mines of gold and silver, Spain has been indebted for her ruin as a nation. The Learned Professor here entered into details respecting the opinions of several members of the House of Commons, who had peeuliar and ob stinate notions on the subject of coal, amounting to monomania. Some of these were haunted with the apprehension that the coal of the country was in a rapid state nf cnirmiziptien; arid the quantity for Mt mantifactiliing purposes *a., The Legrned gentleman ridiculed the idea and demonstrated the suPpl4r,in many placeii to be adequate to any contin geni, demands. In other partimilatly in wha was termed the Upper Russell vein, the exhaustion coal was rapidly progressing, and would have been completed in that district had not another vein in that vicinity been found. Opinions as to the durability of even the best veins of coal in England varied. Some said that fifty or sixty years would exhaust them, other said two hundred years. He then alluded to the practice resorted to by coal owners and merchants of deteriorating the quality of coal at the mouth of the pit, by reducing it to fragments for the purpose of increasing the bulk with a view of getting a bonus allowed by Government. Several hundred thousand chaldrons of coal were now destroyed this way, fully amounting to one-third of the supply brought to the mouth of the pit. London merchants did the same, and became, in consequence entitled to the reduction of duty. From certain data, it might be affirmed that the coal of Newcastle would be gone in a century, and their posterity would see the great manufacturers of England obliged to come into Wales and settle down on their hills. He was able to state that there was little fear of exhausting their home supply. The coal fields of this and the neighbouring counties had abundance of store, and when the coal fields of England were exhausted, those of the county of Glamorgan would survive. —(Cheers.) The Marquis of BUTE said he was anxious in the discharge of his duty as Chairman to return his very sincere thanks for the honour they had con ferred on him by the present resolution, so kindly proposed by his friend Mr. Barlow. He thought it not inconsistent with that duty to permit the learned Professor Buckland to address the meeting. He had, on all occasions, been too much accustomed to expressions of kindness and partiality in that room to be surprised at its manifestation just now. There was another circumstance which afforded him much satisfaction—it was the expression of unanimity in that room. He might be allowed to say that, accustomed as he was to gratifying exhibitions of that nature, there was none that ever afforded him so much pleasure as that which he enjoyed at the present meeting. On occasions similar to the present, when he attended, it was only to preside at meetings, com posed exclusively, perhaps, of the inhabitants of Car diff. Unanimity at such meetings might be expected, but on the present occasion, when the meeting was attended by not only, the inhabitants of this town, but of other towns and counties, an expression of unani mity in the proceedings f the day was the more acceptable. His Lordship then vacated the chair, and the meeting, which it is no exaggeration to say was most respectable and influential, separated. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. NEWMARKET, MONDAY NIGHT. The result of the Cambridgeshire was a surprise, and not a very agreeable one, we believe, to Lord Strad broke, his Lordship, on the strength of a trial in which his horse was defeated, having laid against him at long odds, and materially reduced the value of the stakes. The race was run at a great pace, Walpole leading five or six. lengths, followed by Evenus, Counsellor, The Cure, and some of the light weights, Foig-a-ballagh lying behind them. At the Duke's stand Evenus had taken up the running, and at the distance the favourite was at his heels—Walpole, The Cure, Counsellor, and Algernon, following them. In this order the race pro gressed and finished, Evenus winning easy by a couple of lengths, Walpole a very bad third, The Counsellor fourth, The Cure fifth, and Algernon sixth—the last three running home close together. Walpole was placed third. The settling is likely to be harmless. _ In the race for the Criterion Miss Elis and Lord Glasgow's colt laid in front all the way ; the Turquoise colt waited on them to the cords, quitted them half-way up, and won cleverly by a length—Miss Elis, who swerved upon Lord Glasgow's colt about a distance from home, losing the second place by a head. The only Derby bets after the race were-28 to 1 agst Fitz Allen, 1,000 to 30 agst Brother to E 0, 40 to 1 agst Young Eclipse, and 45 to 1 agst Cabin Boy. ENTRIES FOR TUESDAY. Fifty Pounds Plate—Last three miles of B. C. Vibration, 5 yrs—Priscilla Tomboy, 5 yrs—Scalteen, 5 yrs—Pug, 2 yrs—Maria, 2 yrs—Emma colt, 2 yrs— Mainstay, 2 yrs—Deodara, 2 yrs—The Correct Card, 2 yrs—Tisiphone, .2 yrs—Wild Roe, 2 yrs—Sister to Canadian, 2 yrs. . _ Sweepstakes of 10 sous. each, for two-years-old ; - - - winner to be sold for 200, &c. D. M. Jessie Hammond, f by Hornsea out of Gameless— Matilda c by Emilius, out of Rint—Hedgehog. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each, winner to be sold for 801., &c. Last half of Ab. M. Dahlia, aged—Sangoree, 5 yrs—Five-Times-Five, 4 Ts—Prince of Wales, 3 yrs—Teresa, 3 yrs. Handicap Plate, D. I.—Winesour, 4 yrs, Sst 91b— Vibration, 5 yrs, Bst—Mickey Free, 3 yrs, 7st 71b — Wee Pet, 4 yrs, 7st 71b—Scalteen, 5 yrs, 7st 61b— Johnny, aged. 7st 41b—Jamie Forest, aged, 7st—Pha raoh, 4 yrs, 6st 101b—Plantagenet, 3 yrs, Est 31b— Glossy, 4 yrs, 6st 11b—Crosby, 3 yrs, sst 51b—Mania, 4 yrs, 7st 91b, paid. Handicap Sweepstakes of 15 sous. each, 5 ft, T.Y.C.— Sorella 3 yrs, Bst 101b—Sir Abstrupus, 4 yrs, B st 91 b — Sir Edward, 5 yrs, Bst 41b—Porto Bello, 4 yrs, Bst Great Mogul, 3 yrs, 7st 61b—Cockfighter, 3 yrs, Est 11113. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. 71t.031 TIIE DAILY rs.trqi.ns 07 YESfERDAY. IqiUBS. - "It is now near three centuries since not 1 the least illustrious in a long and splendid line of sovereigns bestowed the name and iopress of royalty chi the hentral seat of British commerce. To the opening vision and entel*rrise of that era it seemed a memorable day; and, though the interening period has net been barren of events, the day is memorable still. That] (Sori - trt!cree whose interests Elizabeth so solemnly identified with the glory of her crown, adds daily fresh lustre to the history of its early struggles. Vast changes since have been; the great of the earth have been laid low ; empires have de cayed, fleets disappeared, and crowded ports gone back to desert strands. That ambitious power which menaced the universal liberty of man, which claimed a new world as the smallest of its dowries, and concentrated against this island the utmost of its strength and fury, instantly and con tinually from that time has sunk to nothingness and shame, and now is scarcely told among the nations. Meanwhile the British merchant has gradually and peacefully won the prize fur which conquerors vainly contended. Small beginnings, ge nerous ambition, steady perseverance, equal rights, and social duties, have raised him to be the head who was the tail ; and in the busy Exchange we now see not merely the seat of a thriving trade, but the real source and centre of the greatest and most beneficial earthly dominion. The day will not be. less memo rable on which Victoria has renewed, with tenfold significance, her predecessor's auspicious act. In the comparative infancy of commerce, a wise policy or a noble condescension might have induced the Tudor Queen to lend it her presence and her name. It is no longer a prophetic sense, or a patronage of weak ness. Commerce is now but another name for British strength and greatness. Merchants have grown to merchant Princes, and are the chief feoffees of the Crown. To them it owes that a seventh of the human kind obeys and loves the British rule; to them and to their inexhaustible means it owes a power of peace and war beyond the faculty of armies; to them the respectful homage of every realm that ocean laves. The Queen of merchants does but close intuitively and inevitably with her high calling, when she holds her court in the Merchants' Hall. In a palace worthy of the oc casion, and worthy to be called her own, she yester day presided, not merely the Sovereign of a powerful nation, but the head and governor of a; social fabric which has filled the earth with its blessings. She there was seen, as it were, in the most intimate pre sence of her own peculiar empire. And of all merely human occasions what can compare with that when a Sovereign is publicly invested with the most sub stantial and abiding of earthly powers, and crowned with the truest and most innocent of human prosperi- ties ? The extorted homage of conquered princes, the unwilling obedience of injured or of humbled realms, are but a base triumph—the unreal advantage of one, purchased by the real calamity of many. In those petty conflicts it is impossible but that one must lose what another gains, and one must fall for another to rise ; but in that field of honourable rivalry where our Sovereign yesterday sat triumphant, the case is con spicuously otherwise. There to be great is to impart greatness ; pre-eminence shows the greater benefactor; the blessings of giving and receiving are indissolubly connected ; honour is the invariable test of utility, and no one rises upon his fellow-men, but only with them. So it is with the Sovereign—with the whole empire—with every subject. Her Majesty appeared the foremost tenant of earthly thrones, because her rule is the greatest interchange of benefits—the largest communication of Heaven's bounties. She was surrounded by subjects who are prosperous because they have augmented the prosperity of their species, and whose wealth is only their fair and modest pro portion out of the public wealth which theiringe nuity and enterprise have created and diffused. Service in that system is the rule of rank. lie stands highest who works most truly and indus triously under the Author and Giver of all good things. Every benefit there denotes another. If all other climes and veople toil for us, it is because we toil for them. If they pour in their tributes, it is the equivalent return for our subsidies. Such is the reign of kindness, of mutual help and encouragement, of combined progress, and of common victory, in which our Sovereign yesterday placed her throne, the most favoured, most loved, and most beneficent of earthly potentates. It is seldom that great acts can be repeated with equal greatness. A singularity, a once fur all, stamps every higher occasion of history, de terring the boldest imitator, and humbling the most rightful successor to its honours. Second foundations are lost in the brightness of the first. Thus, the pre carious heroisms of a rude and barbarous age will often eclipse the greater, the wiser, the more impor tant, and more deliberate achievements of maturer times. Probably, however, it occurred to no one who witnessed the scene of yesterday, that it was liable to such a disparagement, any more than the acts of the child can detract from the originality of the man. The royalty of Britain has not merely been augmented, it has become something new, since the days of Elizabeth. So, also, its commerce. In their glorious and most necessary union they now consti tute a work of the perfecting of this earth's strength and beauty, and the improvement of universal man, for which, excepting only what is heavenly, the all superior economy of Grace, we shall find no earthly parallel. No empire, or alliance, or mutual under standing of empires, can pretend either equal or like. This has slowly dawned upon us, but is now manifes and uncontradicted. We saw yesterday the solemn recognition of this awful trust. Whatever Elizabeth did for commerce was but a beginning of begin nings. It belonged to a different era from ours. But little community had her double-farmed cus toms, her bought and sold monopolies, with that free spirit which since her day has created another London on the mud-banks of the Mersey. There is nothing effete or decayed, no lingering ghost of prosperity, no, senility either of power or of mo rals, no obduracy of prejudice, no invincible barriers of private interest in British commerce, as we have lived to see it. To us it is young again, glowing with hope, full of bursting energies, rejoicing in strength unmeasured, prospect unlimited, contented with nothing short of the earth for its field, and sub mitting to nothing lower than Heaven for its law. Nor will it ever be content so long as aught remains to be done. To us British commerce is as full of mysterious anticipations as if it were new born, never seen or told before. In the successive fabrics which have arisen at Cornhill in fresh and increasing splen dour on the site and ruins of their predecessors, we see an image of the elastic and bounding growth of the system. Its best friends are its enemies, its ruin its restoration, its difficulties its triumphs. Through losses, through spoliations, through fire and sword, it lives and prospers. Driven into the ocean it emerges grander still. Exiled, it finds a foreign home. Whether menaced by an armada, or encompassed with iron-closed ports and shores, it has bounded over the petty circumvallations of its enemies. They thought it crushed under their feet, and saw it over their heads. Surrounding, they found it had mean while surrounded them. Beleaguered by a continent, it occupied the world. There is much to make men scrupulous even beyond the suggestions of common feeling, and the calculations of ordinary prudence, how they depreciate or check so strange and mighty a growth of time as the present commercial position of this empire. Are there not the tokens of Heaven in it ? Look at the majesty of these realms ; turn from her who sat yesterday as its visible representa tive, and expand the ken of space and time to the whole natural eircumstance and providential story of England. Nursed in the lap of ancient Europe,a mar vellous child,—for a time the jealousy of nations, but now superior to envy,—enforcing the admiration of all by the manifest transcendancy of her achievements for the universal good, she stands upon the very point of power and enterprise, at the very mid line be tween land and ocean, old and new, the things that have been, and the thi ng s m en hop e for. On a sacred soil, open to every friend, inviolable by any foe at once a fortress and a refuge, she maintains a terrible yet gracious state. Here she guards a neutrality amid petty dissensions, a liberty for great designs. Safe on her charmed rock, she despises the threats or intrigues of nations, and allies herself with the wondrous powers of nature and the merciful dispen sations of Providence,—faithful to tread the waters at the heavenly call. And who can mistake her errand? What has the Ocean Queen before her but to pacify universal sea and land, to conciliate divided realms, and lead all men to their own best interests ? It is hers to draw from every coast its own contributions to the general weal, to elicit the virtues of nature and the virtues of men, to make the wilderness smile with abundance, and savage men with gratitude. It is bets to people every shore with the friends of human kind, and teach them to pile at every port, and interchange with every fellow-man, the manifold gifts of Heaven. For every message of love, for the communication of every blessing, she is singularly provided, and sin gularly ready. Who can foretell the end of such a destiny ? It is evident that we only see the begin ning. Hence the solemn import of yesterday's in auguration. CHRONICLE. The magnificent scene pre sented by the metropolis yesterday, claims more at tention and suggests more ma tter for reflection than courtly or civic celebrations usually do. The peace ful and decorous assemblage of such vast multitudes, preserving order, as it seemed, from a kind of in stinct, and giving way to no excitement but that of enthusiastic gratulation towards a beloved Sovereign, was a spectacle which might well excite wander and admiration in a stranger ; but it was one by no means new in the reign of Queen Victoria. Her Majesty is familiar with the sight of congregated masses. Th e imposing aspect of a collected people, and the shout of loyal welcome bursting from the lips and the hearts of all, have met her eye and ear too often to excite in her own or in any other mind emotions not experi enced before. The solemnities of yesterday, grand, SOUTH WALES RAILWAY. MEETING AT CARDIrP. A numerously attended and highly influential meeting -c.f the bankers, merchants, and traders of ctaMik with a number- of the gentry of this and the neighbouring towns and counties, was held on Fri day, in the Town-hail, to take into consideration the expediency of promoting a line of railway through Newport, Cardiff, the agricultural districts of Llan trissant, Cowbridge, Bridgend, Porthcawl, Neath, and Swansea. A deputation from the Great Western Railway Company, consisting of F. P. Barlow, Esq., one of the Directors, C. Saunders, Esq., Secretary, W. 0. Hunt, Esq., solicitor, with J. K. Brunel, Esq., engineer, attended. The presence of these gentlemen constituted an important feature in the meeting, and afforded something like guarantee that the business of the day would be conducted with the same good faith which has invariably characterised the proceedings of these gentlemen in the various localities where, in furtherance of the objects of the company, they attended. The period that has elapsed since the last meeting in Swansea afforded time for a partial survey of the important line of railway through this county ; this circumstance, coupled with the interest naturally attachable to so important a demonstration, led to the expectation that an authoritative declaration as to a specific and definite line would be made in the course of the day. A large and imposing assemblage of persons, deeply interested in the project, were in consequencebrought together. _ Among those present we observed the Marquis of Bute, Lord Lieutenant of the county; J. Bruce Pryce, Esq., High Sheriff of the county ' • Viscount Mare, M.P.; the Right lion. J. Nicholl, M.P.; Sir John Guest, Bart., M.P. LC. K. Kemys Tinte, Esq., M.P.; Edward Divett, Esq., M.P.; J. Gower, Esq. ; M. P. Traherne, Esq. ' • the Very Rev. the Dean of Llandaff; R. F. Jenner, Esq.; J. Homfray, Esq.; T. W. Booker, Esq. ' • Walter Coffin, Esq. • ' Rowland Fothergill, Esq.; E. H. Lee, Esq. • J. N. Came, Esq.; Rev. J. Coles ; Rev. Robert Knight ; Rev. W. Bruce ; E. M. "Williams, Esq. ; Captain Hewitt; W. Needham, Esq.; Rev. Dr. Buckland, Professor of Geology ; Rev. W. D. Conybeare ; H. Morgan, Esq., Mayor of Cardiff; Rev. R. Prichard; Rev. T. Stacey ; Rev. W. L. Morgan ; E. P. Richards, Esq. ; H. S. Coke, J. Randall, W. Williams, David Evans, J. H. Langley, R. Paw, Wm. Lewis, James Lewis, Henry Jones, Win. Jones, W. Towgood, R. Reece, J. Clark, John Richards, J. S. Corbett, Lewis Reece, Charles James, of Merthyr, Wm. Perkins, of Merthyr, Montague Grover, A. Miller, Birt Jenner, C. C. Williams, Evan David, Esqs.; Dr. Moore; Messrs. W. J. Watson, Wm. Richards, Geo. Insole, John Batchelor, Henry Webber, Wm. Bird, R. Beaumont, W. Williams, G. S. Strawson, C. Vachell, &c. The members of the deputation from the Great Western Company entered the Hall about half-past twelve, and were warmly greeted. A few minutes after the Marquis of Bute entered, and was received with loud and general cheering. His Lordship, on the motion of M. P. Traherne, Esq., was moved to the chair. The Noble MARQuis then briefly addressed the meeting. He ventured to appeal to the knowledge of all present, that it was his anxious desire to show his goodwill towards the promotion of the object which so much interested them all. It was an un dertaking in which there was not only individual but general interest concerned; and, as such, it was, he believed, of importance to the country. He had re turned from the western part of the county, where the matter, in the course of general conversation, was pretty freely talked over and from this he could learn the general good feeling that prevailed respecting it. It was under these impressions that he complied with what appeared to be the general wish of the meeting in taking the chair. He felt, however, that it was impossible for him to do so without expressing his thanks for the manner in which that intimation had been conveyed to him, The Noble Marquis resumed his seat amid much cheering. Mr. BARLow then announced himself as one of the deputation of the Great Western Company, and next addressed the meeting. He ventured to address them as the representative of that Company, which was warmly interested in the prosecution of the South Wales Railway. The duty would have been ably discharged by the Chairman of the Company, but whose avocations elsewhere rendered it impossible for him to attend. Mr. Barlow adverted to the deputation having recently passed through Cardiff, and apologised for their not then addressing a public meeting on the subject. The reason principally was, that the Noble Chairman whose support they were anxious to conciliate, could not conveniently attend, and which support he considered essential to the suc cess of the undertaking.—(Cheers.) The Great IVestern Company had no idea of overlooking the im portant town of Cardiff. That was not meant, they wanted the support of numbers. They not only wanted that support, but the species of moral support founded on the good opinions of the people of the work in hand.—(Cheers.) They wanted the prac tical manifestations of their anxiety to go to, and carry the business through Parliament. They had a claim on every individual for his support to enable them to bring five project before Parliament. That support he would beg to tell them was shown by sub scriptions. They wanted to see the local interest concerned in order to keep up the spirit of the thing. The advantages of railway communication was so obvious, so generally admitted, that it would be needless to descant on them. To the port and town of Cardiff, peculiarly situated as they were, a railway was inestimable. As a means of internal communi cation for sending the produce of England into Wales, and transporting into the interior of England the great mineral resources of this and the neighbouring counties, the railway contemplated was of great importance. Some years ago a railway into Wales was looked upon as rather a wild specula tion. But, fortunately for society, mention of its impracticability at the present day had vanished, and what was then considered as visionary and delusive, might now be looked upon as safe and practicable.— (Cheers.) Even if no pros pective remuneration arose from the present project to shareholders, yet it was worthy the attention of finfluential persons as a means of improving property, or he thought that there were few gentlemen of the present day who would now be found to complain of the vicinity of a railroad to their park or mansion. The proposed line will give a direct communication between London and Wales. It will work into the railroads that are about to be constructed, and from the westward it will open a communication with Ire land. It will open a communication between Fish guard and Wexford—it will be responded to by cor responding lines of railway in Ireland—by lines from Wexford to Dublin, and from that city to Waterford. At present it was the intention of the deputation to proceed to Wexford, and lay there the foundation of a project similar to that which he had now the honour of addressing to them.—(Cheers.) By the proposed line they would have the most direct communication with the southern part of Ireland. He had only to assure them that the Great Western Company were ready to support the projeot in the most influential way. They think they will best achieve that object by incorporating themselves with the South Wales Board of Directors—(Cheers) —and support it with their money. He was gratified to find that this announcement was satisfactory. There had been times when it was all but impossible to get capital, but now gentlemen were ready to come forward, and there was a spirit of enterprise and emulation abroad that augured well for the undertaking. He would give an instance of this in the person of one gentle man, now near him, who was a member of the South Wales Board of Directors, and who had taken 2,000 shares in the speculation. This gentleman had come forward with alacrity, and with as purely disinterested a feeling as it was possible to fall to the lot of any human being.—(Cheers.) The meeting would learn with satisfaction the gratifying state of the share list. If they thought proper to produce their share book, it would be seen that it would not be necessary to get a single name more on it—in other words, the whole of the share-list necessary to go to Parliament has been already filled ; in fact the number of shares necessary to a successful application to Parliament have been already subscribed fbr. The list will be kept open till the Ist of November. After that period it will be closed. lie was aware as an element of opposition to the present undertaking, doubts were industriously circulated respecting the traffic on the projected line. He was happy to inform them that there was no truth in the rumour. Everything had been done scrupulously to ascertain that; and it was submitted to checks and tests of so rigorous a nature, as to enable them to vouch for its suffi ciency. The statistics of the traffic had been taken by gentlemen of admitted competency, who have made their report in the proper quarters. From that report it has been ascertained that it will produce full 10 per cent. on the subscribed capital.—(Cheers.) Now when that report finds its way into the money market, he could not say with what avidity the shares would be taken up. He now mentioned the fact to give an opportunity for making timely applications. He admitted he was anxious to see these applications, because they were anxious to be in a position to go to Parliament with a certainty of success. From this feature in the transactions, they might see it was not a mere jobbing speculation they were called to em bark in. They therefore wished to have from Cardiff that expression of feeling which should be the most efficient representative of the number of shares which Cardiff would represent. He felt the subject was not in competent hands; any application, to the deputa tion of the Great Western Company, the officers of which were present, would elicit the fullest explana tion of their views. Mr. Brunel in particular, would give every explanation. He saw around him num bers of the South Wales board, who might if necessary be applied to on the subject. The deputation now were on their way to Fishguard, whence they would proceed to Wexford, where a demonstration similar to this would be made, and where he had no doubt, a sisailar triumph would await them.—(Cheers.) RECEIVED LAST NIGHT. NEWMARKET HOUGHTON MEETING. TUESDAY'S RACES.—The settling on the Monday's races occupied the whole attention of the ring until near twelve o'clock, for which hour the first' race was fixed. Mr. Tattersall's sale was, in consequence, badly at tended, and very few lots found purchasers.—The Ratan inquiry was resumed this morning, and, as far as relates to the examination of witnesses, brought to a close. Match, 50, h ft, D.l.—Mr. Payne's Rigolette, 7st 71b (Nat), beat Lord Chesterfield's Zahra, 7st 81b, by a length.-7 to 4on Rigolette. Handicap Plate of 1001., for three years old and up wards. D.I. Sir C. Monk's Glossy, 4 yrs, 6st llb (J. Prince) 1 Col. Anson's Marquise, 4 yrs, sst 91b .. 2 Lord Eglinton's Jamie Forest, aged, 7st .. 3 Mr. Irwin's Mickey Free, 3 yrs, 7st 71b 4 Sir J. Hawley's Vibration, 5 yrs, Bst . The following also started, but were not placed : Mr. Bell's Winesour, 4 yrs, Bst 91b (Templeman) ; Mr. Payne's Johnny, aged, 7st 71b (Nat) ; and Mr. Bistow's Pharaoh, 4 yrs, 6st 101 b (Pettit).-5 to 1 agst Mar quise ; 3 to 1 agst Glossy , 5 to 1 agst Johnny (taken) ; 10 to lgst Vibration ; and 10 to 1 agst Pharaoh. Mar quise made play at a strong pace, followed by Glossy and Jamie Forest, the others lying off until they reached the turn of the lands, where Johnny endeavoured to reach the leading horses, but failed. At the Duke's Stand Glossy joined Marquise, and the two, singled out, finished the race, Glossy obtaining the lead about two distances from home, and winning easy by half a length ; Jamie Forest a very bad third. The three others were pulled up. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. each; for three yrs old, 7st 101 b; four, Bst 41b ; five and upwards, Bst 81b. Last half of Ab.M. The winner to be sold for 801., if demanded. (Five Subs.) Lord G. Bentinck's Prince of Wales 3 yrs (Nat) 1 Mr. Shelley's Five-times-five, 4 yrs Sir T. Munroe's Sangaree, 5 yrs 3 Mr. Dawson's Teresa, 3 yrs Mr. Balchin's Dahlia, aged, 5 5 to 4 on Five-times-five; 3 to 1 against Teresa; and 4 to 1 against the Prince of Wales.—Prince of Wales made all the running, won by half a length and was claimed. Sangaree a bad third. Sweepstakes of 10 sovs. ; for two yrs old colts, Bst 71b, and fillies Bst 41b. D.M. The winner to be sold for 200, &c. (5 Subs.) Lord Chesterfield's fby Hornsea, out of Game Lass 1 Mr. Hesseltine's Jessie Hammond Lord Lonsdale's colt by Emilius, out of Rint 3 Mr. Stephenson's Matilda 4 Mr. Edwards's Hedgehog .. . 5 5t04 on Hedgehog. The Hornsea filly took the lead, followed by Jessie Hammond to the cords, where she went up, and by sufferance ran a few yards in advance ; the Hornsea filly, however, came again half way up, and won by half a length ; the Rint colt a bad third. Hedge hog lost several lengths from the bungling manner in which the start was managed, and never caught his horses. Match, 100, h ft, first half of Ab.M.—Lord Chester field's f by Hornsea, out of Industry, 7st 101 b (Nat), beat the Duke of Bedford's Panther, Bst 81b (Robinson), by half a length.-6 to son the - winner. Match, 100, h ft, T.Y.C.—Lord George Bentinck's Naworth, 9st (Nat), beat Lord Glasgow's c by Veloci pede, out of Amulet, Bst.-2 to 1 on Naworth, who won by a head. Handicap Sweepstakes of 1 ksovs. each, 5 ft, for three yriiold, &c. T.Y.C. (6 Subs.) Lord Cheste - rfield's Cockfighter, 3 yrs, 6st filb Lord G. Bentinck's Great Mogul, 3 yrs, 7st 61b Mr. E. R. Clark's Sir Edward, 5 yrs, Bst 41b 3 Mr. Osbaldeston's Sorilla, 3 yrs, Bst 101 b, and Captain Harcourt's Sir Abstrupus, 4 yrs, Bst 91b, came to the post, but did not get off. Betting-6 to 4 agst Cockfighter (t)-5 to 2 agst Sir Absrtupus-4 to 1 agst Sorella-4 to 1 agst Great Mogul—and 7 to 1 agst Sir Edward.—Won by a length. Match, 100, h ft. A.F.—Mr. John Day's The Ugly Buck, Bst 51b (John Day, jun.), beat Lord Maidstone's The Caster, 9st, by a length, easily. —2 to 1 on The Buck. Match, 200, h ft. First half of Ab.M.—Lord Eglinton's Plaudit, Bst, received forfeit from Duke of Beaufort's Captain Phebus, Bst 71b. The 50/ plate was not run for when our account left the Heath. NEW MATCHES. WEDNESDAY—Duke of Bedford's Glen Fishie, Bst 71b apt Mr. Ford's Attorney, Est 71b. T.Y.C. 300, 11 ft. FRIDAY—Mr. Beresford's the Altered One, 7st 101 b, agst Lord G. Bentinck's Emma, sst 101 b. D.M. 200,h ft. Acceptances for the Nursery Stakes (First Class). Iron Master, Bst 71b—Rose of Cashmere, 7st 'llb Cabin Boy, 7st—Seakale filly, Est 101 b —Corinthian Tom, Est iolb—Seppel, Est 71b— Crim Con, Est 41b— Chapou, sst 101 b. (Second Class.) Attorney, 7st 1316—Bastion, 7st—Fair Helen colt, bat 121b—Event, Est 101b—Mary Ann filly, Est 81b— Carlotta colt, Get 41b—Sparsholt, 6st—Mogador, sst 61. b. joyous, and exhilarating as they were, contained more than this, or they would leave no permanent impres sion bohind. The crowning event of the day was, in truth, eminently significant. The opening of a new exchange, of a place in which merchants are to con gregate, by an illustrious Sovereign, and with a stately ceremonial befitting the highest acts of royalty, Was characteristic of the age, of the position and - destinies of this mighty empire, and of the Mo .. narch by whom the act was performed with ao much grace and dignity. When Gresham first erected his comparatively humble Burse, the commerce of Eng land was only in its vigorous infancy, but the sagacious policy of Elizabeth afforded the merchant protection and encouragement. Since then the child has be come a giant. English commerce has risen to be a power without parallel in the history of the world. It has made vast territorial conquests, by which rich and populous regions have been added to the empire it has sustained the nation through a protracted struggle of life and death with the most formidable enemy it has ever known ; and, greater triumphs than these—it has carried the language and civilisa tion of England to the extremities of the earth, dis pelling ignorance and barbarism at every step of its advance. Commerce having thus become a main ele ment of the national greatness, it is fitting that its claims should be publicly honoured and recognised. It is time that the last traces of that old feudal pre ,;ulice which regarded trade as a less honourable em ployment than ..s . ar, should be eradicated from our minds. It is time that the habitual sentiments of every class should be brought into harmony with this stubborn and momentous reality. This truth could not be more strikingly proclaimed or happily acted upon than in the ceremony of yesterday. When Queen Victoria journeyed in state to open an Ex change, she rendered a homage to the commercial power of her kingdom, and practically recognised its connexion with the grandeur and stability of her throne. A struggle of long standing, however, by which commerce is excluded from its just influence in the government of the country, still remains to be brought to a conclusion. The aristocratic power which once trampled on the trader, still loads him with cramping and vexatious restrictions, and the elastic force of commercial enterprise is debarred from that almost boundless expansion of which, under free and en lightened legislation, it would be capable. This dis cordance evidently needs a remedy. If commerce he of vital moment to England, the legislation which affects it must become subject to commercial in fluences ; enlightened commercial opinion must acquire a decisive force in the deliberations of Par liament. The aristocracy must follow the example of the Sovereign, and acknowlege gracefully their obligations to the founders of the Royal Exchange. Until commerce assumes its true place in the govern ment of the country, there will he a constant jarring and uncertainty in the movements of society. A growing power, unduly compressed, must expand until its restraints are burst asunder. The commer cial class in this country may be deprived of its just influence for a time, but sooner or later it will acquire what is withheld, with a movement sudden and violent in proportion to the delay. Far better would it he to surrender at once to the merchants of England the regulation of English commerce, and so put an end to the conquest so long kept up between the supposed interests of an aristocracy and the intel ligence of the age. With such concessions, the open ing of a new Royal Exchange would, indeed, be the starting point of a new era in our commercial his tory. The prospects of commercial enterprise, stirring as they were in the days of Elizabeth, when the wealth of the New World was just opening upon the eyes of adventurers, were in truth both narrow and fallacious, compared with those which would now spread out on every side with a system of free interchange between nations. This grand develop. ment of the capabilities of commerce has been re served, we may trust, for the present age. The cir cumstances of the time at once invite us, and enable us to effect it. If the opening of the new Exchange shall prove to be the precursor of this beneficent alteration, which it seems to foreshadow, the cere mony of yesterday will take its place amongst the memorable events of a reign desti2ed, we trust, to be equally long and glorious. HERALD.—The Queen's visit to time City yes. terday excited an interest without example our time, and it presents a moral of great value ; but yet it is much easier to sympathise with the interest tharr to explain its causes; much less difficult to feel the moral than to put it into proper words. Queen Victoria has claims upon the affectionate respect of her countrymen and countrywomen, which English men and Englishwomen would cheerfully acknow ledge, even were they not her subjects. She is a young and a beautiful, and a good woman—a model mother and a model wife. These are qualities which are nowhere so highly appreciated as in England, because nowhere else are the most amiable attributes of womanhood so frequent, or so much a part of the solid happiness of the people. But, in addition to these high claims upon our veneration and love, Queen Victoria is our Sovereign, and the good Sovereign of a free people is an object of attachment more exalted, vehement, and enduring, than any other Sovereign can be. The Sovereign of a free country admits the subjects of that country into a partnership of council and of power, which, while it leads to no degradation, gives room for those affectionate ties that can only exist where there is some community of condition and of end. This union of circum stances necessarily renders Queen Victoria the most popular of Sovereigns living, or perhaps that • ever lived. Her high personal qualities are exactly suited to her station ; her station is precisely that in which these qualities can be developed with most ad vantage and honour. We will not insult this beloved Princess by a comparison with any foreign Sovereign of her sex, because there is none such whom it would not be almost a pollution to place beside her ; but compare her even with our own Elizabeth, whose name is " familiar in our speech as household words" to express patriotism and magnanimity, and assuredly Queen Victoria will not sink in the comparison. The qualities of the two Queens are different, because they lived and live in different ages, but the qualities of both are equally great; and who will deny that those of the Princess under w hose mild and affec tionate rule we live are much the more amiable ? Elizabeth had to reform a rude age, and to prepare a people for greatness, and admirably she acquitted herself of the task assigned her by Providence—Vic toria has to rule a people far advanced in refinement and in morals, and to continue them in the happy course of advancement by reflecting, with the added lustre of the Crown, all their best accomplishments and highest virtues. If we are to estimate the merit of the benefit conferred, by the required difficulty and sacri fices, it is impossible to give a preference to either.. Queen Elizabeth had many dangers and obstacles to contend with, but to minds of native force action is the highest gratification, and we may doubt whether Elizabeth would be as happy in an age like ours as she was in her own rougher generation. Certain it is that if she had not considerably modified her virago habits, her example would be anything but conducive to the " domestic" comfort (we use the word in its most limited sense) of the male division of her subjects in the nineteenth century. Now, though undoubtedly it costs Victoria nothing to present the example of wife and mother, which she does present, she, too, has had trials as Queen, which must have cost more to a vigorous mind, like hers, to pass through than any which ever confronted Elizabeth; and this, after all, is the great test of strength of understanding and of principle. We can all afford to be magnanimous when it costs nothing; but when sacrifices are to be made, then we are fairly tried. Queen Victoria was called upon by her people and her Parliament to make sacri fices. We all regretted that they were sacrifices; but the safety of the empire demanded them, and the Queen made them, promptly, cheerfully, and ingenuously, and yesterday she had the reward, which certainly she did not seek, but which cannot be on that account the less grateful. The reception of Elizabeth, '270 years ago, could not be more enthusiastic , and sure we are that it was not so affectionate. We give else where the particulars of the ceremonial upon this splendid and most delightful day; but our readers must draw upon their own hearts for a real repre sentation of the feeling that animated the millions who bore a part in the ceremony, whether as actors or spectators. We never saw such a consent of of affectionate loyalty, and we hardly thought the thing possible. ADVERTISER.—The spectacle which was yes terday exhibited in the City of London, will not soon be forgotten by the many myriads who had the gra tification of witnessing it. Nor will it, we are sure, ever be obliterated from the memory of the illustrious personage who was the principal performer in it. The enthusiastic reception which her Majesty met with, as well as the extent and brilliancy of the pre parations made to give her a welcome worthy of the great city she honoured with her presence, must have inspired the royal bosom with feelings of profound gratitude for so striking a display of devoted loyalty, as her Majesty's metropolitan subjects then afforded. Nothina could be more appropriate than the pre sence of the Sovereign at the opening of such a place as the Royal Exchange. Th n a ( t. i e i s n s a wealthg nifi e n i t s building is the oenx f dt r eo u nn i s t ,javne o ci f etol t ilna h tn e lie)ro b cu o e u . boundless wealth It is to the y o o f foof G u r Lr eat Britain that we ar e , i n a grea t c t o h o f e m t r m h e e e su r C e lt e it measure, to attribute the superiority of this country to every other on the face of the earth. Destroy the trade and commerce of England, and the axe is laid at the root of our national greatness. With her commerce crushed, this country would inevitably become a secondary power. The chief source of our wealth would be impaired. And an impoverished country cannot possibly lung maintain its social or political influence. Her Majesty is therefore deeply and directly interested in the prosperity of English trade and commerce. No one, indeed, has greater reason than the Sovereign to rejoice in the com mercial well-being of these realms. Consequently t