The Sun. — London, England, 1839-09-18 00:00:00

EVENING EDITION. METROPOLITAN POLITICAL SUMMARY. -.----- The Ti mes o f this mo -- rning, in noticing a pamp'Jet recently published, on the subject of the new Poor-law, thus renews its vehement assaults on that law :—" This law is a gross violation of our duties to the poor as in cultated in the Old as well as the New Testament, and as practised no less strictly by the Jews under the Old .Dispensation than by the Christians of better times under the new Dispensation. The widows and orphans :of the poor are they towards whom God's word bids us more especially to extend our charity and our care ; yet these are the most oppressed under this unchristian statute —nay, they are precisely the persons in whose behalf the House of Commons has frequently been ap pealed to in vain. The present Government have abun dantly proved on many occasions, and especially in regard to this measure, that they know (or that they care) as littl e about religion as a horse." The Morning Post, speaking of Lord Brougham's Prefac e to his Irish speeches last Session in Parliament, wherein he alludes to the ppliticel conduct of Ministers, says :—" For ourselves we must say, with all due re spect for the eloquence of Lard Brougham, and espe cially his reproachful and sarcastic eloquence, we think th e Whig bunglers—the Whig recreants—the place loving, Court-toadying Whigs—have been hit as hard ' by others as by Lord Brougham ; but it is very clear that there is no scourge that makes them skip like that With which he operates upon their tender skins. We think this pain inflicted upon the Whigs— Pain which they never could have felt but for their baseness—is exceedingly wholesome for their diseased moral constitution, and, therefore, we exhort Lord Brougham to lay on and spare not. But his Lordship needs no exhortation to this charitable exercise of the faculties with which nature has blessed him, and in the use of which habit has given him such astonishing faci lity, He is a workman who loves to contemplate the marked effect of his exertions, and so long as he be holds the Whigs writhing, and screaming, and calling foul names, because he belabours them for their paltri ness and their lies, lie will be likely to keep his hand in practice and give them something to cry for." Tk le Morning Advertiser alludes as follows to Maroto and the termination of the Spanish contest :—" We !rouble not ourselves, neither will the public trouble itself, a b out the motives by which Maroto was actueseg" to che course which he has pursued. We are too much .delighted with the event itself to i nst i tute any very rigid inquiry i nto t h e c i rcumstances un d er w hi c h it h as tecten brought about. It is enough for us to know that the war, which h as . desolated and deluged with blood t‘ fo . c. five Or six ye ars p as t one o f the finest countries in asurope, is now terminated for ever ; and that the usurper, at whose instigation and on whose behif that war . . was co mmence d an d carr i e d on , h as now quitted the country which was the scene of the horrors which resulted from his pretensions to the throne, and has sought for an asylum in the capital of a neighbouring land. Don Carlos has now practically renounced all claims to the Crewn of Spain, by throwing 'nimself as a refuge e into the arms of France." The ITlorning Chronicle observes, in the course of a leading article on the last East Suffolk Agricultural Meeting :—" The derangement of the currency, by the drain of gold to pay for for ign corn ; the stagnation in the manufacturing districts, from the absence of demand ; the proipect of famishing workmen, are all proofs that the Corn-laws have worked extremely well for the pur pose for which they were intended, and calculated to conciliate the regard of the nation in their favour. They were intended to swell the rents of landlords, and to pinch the bellies of the working classes ; and these Lords and 'Squires are now gloating over the famine which, aided by • monopoly, promises to make the suf ferings of the people a source of -abundant revenue to themselves. The time is well chosen, we must confess, for congratulation on the working of the Corn-laws. It required but such an insult to inflame the people in the manufacturing districts to madness." The Morning Herald thus speaks of Lord Howick, and the probable cause of his secession from the Ministry :----" The retirement. of Lord Howick from the Ministry may, by possibility, lead to certain results, not unimportant, in so far as the stability of the Melbourne Cabinet is concerned. Lord Howick has long been known as a turbulent and ambitious schemer. His temper is bad ; his manners repulsive ; his powers as a man of business, and as a debater, in no way raised above the level of mediocrity. Still as representing the Grey party, he h as p ossesse d no i ncons id era bl e measure of influence ; and his voice is under stood to have been potential on many occasions, in giving a direction to the policy of the Whig Cabinet. Lord Howick is believed to have had an eye, for a long time past, to the Colonial-office. When his brother-in law, Lord Durham, was appointed to the Governor ship of the Canadas, Lord Howick was exceedingly anxious to fill the post of Viceroy over him. But Lord Glenelg made no sign of retiring ; and Lord Howick was fain to remain in the more humble position of Se cretary-at-war. His Lordship has, at length, thrown up the place which to himself appears to have been all-unworthy of his magnificent talents, and great in- fluence." The Courier, of last evening, in a leading article on Spanish affairs, alludes as fsllows to Maroto :—" Ma roto's treason is of the common, vulgar sort. He abandoned a falling cause, and sought to be reconciled to the party whose ultimate triumph had become cer tain. 4n atrocious villain he has been throughout the whole course of his career as a General, but we have not yet forgotten that when the butcheries of Estella be came known in England, we felt it our painful duty to reprove a Tory Morning Contemporary, for repeated attempts to ' justify or extenuate the proceeding.' It will be a much easier task to justify the Spanish Go vernment tor having paid the traitor his price (if a Price has been paid) in order to prevent the continu ance of a sanguinary war. Nor must it be for gotten, that Maroto has contrived to throw a veil over hi s treason. H e h as ma d e t h e concess i on o f the ir privileges to the Basque provinces, the condition of 'his surrender. When Espartero refused to promise t his concession, Maroto broke off the negotiation, and issued an appeal to his soldiers calling on them to die to the last man in defence of their rights. It was then that Lord John Hay interfered in behalf of peace, a.ad at his instance it was that the rights of the Basques we `e recognised. A plausible pretext was thus afforded to Alaroto, and he availed himself of it ; but those who offered it, acted only as justice and humanity dictated. The miesion of Colonel Wylde and Lord John Hay has been honourable from the first, and honourably has it been filled. Tne Tinzes disclaims an intention to attack these officers, and yet openly proclaims them the willing tools in a disgraceful transaction ! A fair specimen of the ' characteristic meanness' which he would fain ascribe to the Liberal press." The Globe, speaking of the attacks of the Times on Lord Palmerston's foreign policy, says :—" The last Session of Parliament was unusually long. It lasted seven months. Events of considerable importance were going on in many parts of the world during that period ; but from the beginning to the end of the Session—from February to August—there was not a single debate on Foreign Affairs. What was the reason of this ? Was it that there was less disposition than heretofore on the part of the Opposition to harass the Government ? Certainly net. The reason was, that our foreign policy had been conducted in such a manner, and with such re *tilts, that the Opposition did not regard that field as a favourable one for giving battle to their opponents : and the leaders of Opposition in Parliament being men of honour, and with characters to lose, they were silent about what they knew they could not impugn. Even Z.ord Lyndhurst in his summary of the Session, with his manifest desire to " wound" the Ministry, was 4 atsatid to strike" at this part of their policy ; and only bestowed one short sentence upon it. But the Session of Parliament is over ; and now comes the tim e for those who have no character to lose, or would i be fortunate could they lose the characters they I have got—now comes the time for dismissed and disgraced underlings, for baffled intriguers, for disappointed plotters, for anonymous libellers, and for journals steeped in infamy now begin to crawl forth those slimy reptiles, which ' Half froth, half venom, spit themselves abroad.' Now commence attacks on our foreign policy, which in Parliament during seven months the Tory leaders had the pru 1' dence to abstain from attacki ng . B ut t h e attempt is vain. It will only add to the disgrace of the party in whose behalf it is undertaken! The subject of attack now chosen is the pacification which is, happily, about to be realised in Spain. The Times now actually fills its columns with attacks upon the Go vernnsent, because British influence and British agents hav e been employed—and successfully too—in putting an end to the civil war in Spain, by a pacific arrange ment between the Spanish Government and the insur gents, so as to establish the authority of the Queen, exp e l Don Carlos, and restore the unity of the Spanish Monarchy without any further effusion of blood I" The Standard speaks of Lord Brougham's recent volitical conduct, in the following terms :—" Lord Bcougbarn's shaft appears to have struck home. Not dari,ag to grapple with his facts, the Ministerial Journal ists have confined their remarks on his late searching exposioon of the conduct and character of the Go vernmetst to elaborate invective. They hint darkly, tso be sure, at some blight which is said to have ol.sseended on his Lordship's prospects in the latter pars of 1837 ; but do not attempt to rebut his assertion that he acted in concert with Ministers in 1836, and supported them during the whole of 1837, to all their policy, with the exception o f the Canada question. Now, , couLl we prevail upon ourselves instead of being to believe that his Lordship, liable to strong )impulses, was one of those smooth,t calculating, imperturbabl e politicians who pocket Avery affront, however gross, until the ;Host favour / Bible opportunity presents itself of revenge, "avuted to him by the motives tellgible. But l during the t f the Morning Chronicle woula be In gofar from resenting the supposed affront . are ever likely ) temposary's representat. temporary excitement of feeling which insults to create, it would • appear from our Con . ton that he bottled up his wrath, °T . hillY allowed it teliali and harnale,, to ooze th rough the cor k at di rt an t in -s quantities, in order that hemight pour out upon Ministers its fullest vials in 1839. And why did he not oppose the Government, as he might and probably would otherwise have done in 1836 ? He has himsel told us. Because of Lord Melbourne's miserable appeal to his pity ; his lachrymose confession, that if Lord Brougham opposed certain of his measures, he would overthrow the Government! Yet from the fact of his forbearance to the Government in 1836—a forbearance conceded to the deplorable entreaties of Lord Melbourne —and his support of it in 1837 on every question but one, it has been inferred, that his subsequent hostility must have originated in personal motives." The store at Shorts Iron Work was, on Monday morning last, broken into by some thieves, who managed to carry off the iron safe, containing about 301. in cash, and 151. worth of cloth. The safe was found on the same day, at a distance, forced open, and upwards of 201. carried away ; the rest of the money in the safe had been over looked in the dark.—Edinburgh Evening Courant. Letters from Athens of the 14th ult. state, that Sultan Abdul Medjid had sent King Oho letters to notify his accession to the throne, enclosed in a gold box of ex quisite workmanship. Greece continued to be infested by banditti, notwithstanding the rigour displayed against these who fell into the hands of the troops sent in pursuit of them. Acarnania, Phtiotide, and Laconia were traversed by numerous bands, who spread terror and devastation everywhere. It was reported in Athens, that Sir E. Lyon, our Minister in that city, would, it was supposed, ba appointed Lord High Commissioner of the lonian Islands. MELANCHOLY ACCIDENT. On Thursday morning a fine girl, four years of age, met with her death under very distressing circumstances. A baker in Gauze street, whose house was infested with mice, on Tuesday afternoon mixed up a small quantity of arsenic in a cake. Part of it had been eaten by the mice, and the remainder was put in a place where it was supposed no person would have access to it. The little girl was in the habit of visit ing the baker's-shop several times every day, and happens ing to see the cake, eat it. In about two hours, the effect became visible, and medical aid was instantly procured, but without effect, as she died on Thursday morning.—Paisley Advertiser. BLOWING UP OF A SUNKEN VESSEL IN THE RIVER MERSEY.—About four months since, the Byron, a vessel bound to Liverpool, and laden with railway iron, was run down by a steamer belonging to the City of Dub lin Company. The Byron sunk, and one or two of the crew were lost. Since that time the vessel, lying. in the ' Alttse. : Vhannel, at the entrance of the Mersey, has dan genial)/ obstructed the navigation ; a survey was made in consequence, and by the direction of the Dock Estate, Mr. Abbinet (who was so successful in his experiment with the Boyne, H. M. ship of 98 guns, at Spithead) made arrange ments to introduce 5001bs. of gunpowder into the ship and blow her up by ignition. At an early hour this morning a great number of persons availed themselves of the oppor tunity to witness this novel experiment, and a steamer was provided for their accommodation. This second attempt of Mr. Abbinet has effectually succeeded, and it is expected that a very large portion of the sunken property will be re covered. LEAVING LOVERS ALONE.—" I think it's my duty, Nicholas, my dear," resumed his mother, " to tell you what I know, not only because you have a right to know it too, and to know every thing that happens to this family, but because you have it in your power to pro mote and assist the thing very much ; and there is no doubt that the sooner one can come to a clear understand ing upon such subjects, it is always the better every way. There are a great many things you might do, such as tak ing a walk in the garden sometimes, or sitting up stairs in your own room a little while, or making believe to fall asleep occasionally, or pretending that you recollected some business, and going out for an hour or so, and taking Mr. Smike with you. These seem very slight things, and I dare say you will be amused at my making them of so much importance ; at the same time, my dear, I can assure you(and you'll find this ont, Nicholas,foryourself one of these days, if you ever fall in love with anybody, as I trust and hope you will, provided she is respectable and well-con ducted, and of course you'd never dream of falling in love with anybody who was not), I say, I can assure you that a great deal more depends upon these little things than you would suppose possible. If your poor papa was alive, he would tell you how much depended upon the parties being left alone. Of course you are not to go out of the room as if you meant it and did it on purpose, but as if it was quite an accident, at:d to come back again in the same way. If you cough in the passage before you open the door, or whistle carelessly, or hum a tune, or something of that sort, to let them know you're coming, it's always better; be cause, of course, though it's not only natural, but perfectly correct and proper under the circumstances, still it is very confusing if you interrupt young people when they are— when they are sitting on the sofa, and—and all that sort of thing, which is very nonsensical perhaps, but still they will do it. —. Nicholas Nicklely. ODD SCRAPS FOR THE ECONOMICAL HOUSE WIFE.—Cheap silk pocket handerchiefs or common co loured cottons, will not fade if dipped into strong salt and water while new, An ox's gall will set any colour, silk, cotton, or woollen ; the gall can be got for a trifle. Get out all the liquid, and cork it up in a large phial. One large spoonful of this in a gallon of warm water is suffi cient. This is also excellent for taking out the spots from bombasin, &c. ; after being washed in this they look like new. It must be thoroughly stirred into the water, and not put upon the cloth ; it is used without soap. After being washed in this, things you want to clean should b. washed in warm suds without using soap. Feathers should be thoroughly dried before used. For this reason, they should be packed away in bags when they are first plucked; they should be laid lightly in a basket or old box, and stirred up often. The garret is the best place to dry them. It is well to put parcels which you have from time to time in the oven, after you beep re moved you bread, and let them stand a day. If feather beds smell badly, or become heavy from want of proper preservation of the feathers, or from old age, empty them, and wash the feathers thoroughly in a tub of suds, spread them in your garret to dry, and they will be as light and as good as new ones. In winter always set the handle of your pump as high as possible before you go to ben. Ex cept in the most rigid weather, this keeps the inside works from freezing. When it is extremely cold throw a rug or old matting over the pump. A frozen pump is a sorry preparation for a winter's breakfast.—Labourer's Friend. BRUSSELS ON THE MORNING OF QUATRE BRAS.—The sun rose on a scene of confusion and dismay. The military assembled in the Place Royale ; and the dif ference of individual character might be traced in the re spective bearings of the various soldiery. Sonic were taking a tender, many a last leave of wires and children. Others, stretched upon the pavement, were listlessly waiting for their comrades to come up ; while not a few strove to snatch a few moments of repose, and appeared half insensi ble to the din of war around them. Waggons were loading and artillery harnessing; crderlies and aides-de-camp rode rapidly through the streets • and in the gloom of early morning the p avement spar kl e d b eneat h t h e i ron f eet o f t h e cavalry as th ey hurried along the causeway to join their re spective squadrons, which were now collecting in the Park. The appearance of the British brigades, as they filed from the Park and took the road to Soignies, was most imposing. The martial air of the Highland regiments, the bagpipes playing at their head, their tartans fluttering in the breeze, and the early sunbeams flashing from their glittering arms, excited the admiration of the burghers who had as sembled to see them march. During the winter and spring, while they had garrisoned Brussels, their excellent conduct and gentle demeanour had endeared them to the inhabitants; and they were so domesticated in the houses where they were quartered, that it was no uncommon thing to see the Highland soldier taking care of the chil dren, or .keepin4 the shop of his host. Regiment after regiment marched cff; the organisation of all most perfect ; the Rifles, Royals, Twenty-eighth, each exhibiting some martial peculiarity, on which the eye of Picton appeared to dwell with pride and pleasure as they filed off before him. To an indifferent spectator a national distinction was clearly marked; that of the Scotch bespoke a grave and firm determination ; while the light step and merry glance of the Irish militiaman told that war was the game he loved, and a first field had no terrors for him. Eight o'clock pealed from the steeple clocks : all was quiet ; the brigades, with their artillery and equipages, were gone, the crash of music was heard no longer, the bustle of preparation had ceased, and an ominous and heart sinking silence succeeded the noise and hurry that ever attends a departure for the field of battle.—Maxwell's " Victories ofthe British Armies." DARING BuRGLAIIY.—A most audacious rob bery was perpetrated on Tuesday night, at the residence of Mrs. Grantham, at Ketton, near Stamford. On Monday a fellow having the appearance of a sailor, called to solicit alms, which being refused, he went away muttering threats; and on Tuesday evening the servant girl, on going up stairs to shut a window which she had forgotten, thought she heard something under the bed ; she, however, on going down stairs, did not communicate her suspicions to Mrs. Peters,' the only other person in the house; but about an hour afterwards, on fastening the house doors, she observed a sailor-like man, without shoes or stockings, and having a sword in his hand, standing at the tot) of the stairs. Ter. rifled at this sight, she dropped the candle and ran into the kitchen, where Mrs. Peters happened to be, and with great presence of mind bolted the door. The robber or robbers now being in possession of the house, proceeded to work ; they lighted a candle, and went into all the bedrooms, and by pick-lock keys opened five chests of drawers, turned out all the linen, broke open the plate-box, tied the plate up in a towel, and put it under one of the beds. From Mrs. Peters' room they took between twenty and thirty sove reigns and two 5/. notes, and not a single paper escaped their notice ; they were all strewed about the rooms. It is supposed that having possessed themselves of the cash, , they left th e p l ate b e hi n d t h e m, fearing it might lead to de tection. A swor d an d h unt i n g-whiP ' which hung up in the bed-room where the girl first heard the noise, were found lying on a table in Mrs. Peters' room ; and no doubt, had the least alarm been given, the two females would have lost their lives. The rascals continued in the house for at least four hours, and Mrs. Peters and her servant remained poi soners in the kitchen until six o'clock the following morn ifg and th e f amily were front• The house i s s i tuate i n a very retired spot, and Mrs . Grantham Mercury. THE money. The Committee have adopte d CENTENARY ac tual the proposition to divide the amount objects of the Fund, toalready —For the purposes of the according originally appropriated the amount of one-half of the sums paid up among the various —ne.ety, 2 5 ,000/. •,f to the following scale: fer the 'Wesleyan Centenary Boildings,oal Institution, 27,000/. ; leyan Missionary tressed Chapels, 18,500/. ; for the anedrptolietfhoef Dis out Preachers and their Widows, erection of a Centenary Monumental Chapel_ b s e:t i t r e o t r o h support o d f s w worn 2,5001. ; to the Wesleyan Education Committt?lenwe,aDr2L,lsbOltoini —Sheffield Mercury. The Chapter Order of old nobility of the four Emperors is being restored in Germany. The grand master will probably be a Prince Sovereign of Germany. The scat of the Order is established at Brussels. The Martinis de Villaneuve-Trans has just been created Grand Chancellor of the Order.—French Paper. THE DAGUERREOTYPE. An interesting work on this modern invention has just been published in English by Smith, Elder, and Co. It is entitled " The History and Practice of Photogenic Drawing, on the true principles of the Daguerreotype, with the new method of Dio ramic Drawing, published by order of the French Government, by the Inventor, L. I. M. Daguerre ; Translated by I. S. Memes, LL.D." This discovery, as might be expected, has created a great sensation in France. The inventor has been created a Member of the Legion of Honour. A motion for granting him a pension was brought forward in the Chamber of Deputies by M. Duchatel, the Minister of the Interior, on the 15th of June : it was referred to a Committee, and on the report of this Committee, which was read by M. Arago on the 3d of July, he was awarded a pension of 2501. a year, and his partner, M. Niepce, 1671., on the condition of publishing the secret, and making known all future improvements with which they may enrich their photogenic discoveries. "The originhl publication by M. Daguerre," says the translator, " is one of the most interesting works ever given to the world. It is the first Manual of a new science. It is written by the discoverer of that science ; exhibiting a faithful record of the pro gress—the hopes, disappointments, and success of two men, who, in the term of their successive efforts for twenty-five years, laboured incessantly in search of the invention. That invention consti tutes an era in human knowledge. It occupies at this moment the attention of every philosopher throughout Europe, and nations have contended for the honour of priority. The Monarch, the Government, the people of a great and enlightened State, contending in generous emulation how best to reward this discovery, offers a moral spectacle, noble and' spirit-stirring, the rarity of which, alas ! in the history of genius, forms another, and not the least striking character iistic-of the subject. The disinterested exertions of the greatest names in the scientific annals of his country—men who occupy the highest places in general estimation— to lift the modest artist into the renown which he merits, and to disclose the real value of his labours, is different evidence of the interest belonging to these pages—a most pleasin g , an d to t h e g l ory of science be it said, not a peculiar association." The grant for this discovery was not made with out the strictest inquiry as to whether M. Daguerre had the merit of the invention, and whether it could be rendered generally applicable and useful to the sciences. The Committees appointed by both Houses consisted of men of the first eminence in science, and after full investigation, they unani mously reported in the affirmative. In giving the history of the discovery, M. Arago gives credit to Wedgewood, the celebrated porcelain manufacturer, and inventor of the pyrometer, for the first application of this new art. The memoir of Wedgewood, he says, appeared in 1802, in the number for June, of the " Journal of the Royal Institution of Great Britain." The author there proposes, by means of skins, or with paper steeped or washed in chloride or nitrate of silver, to copy paintings on glass as in the win dows of churches, and also engravings. " The images formed by means of the camera obscura," we quote faithfully a passage from the article, "have 'wen found to be too faint to produce, in any moderate time, an effect upon the nitrate of silver." The commentator upon Wedgewood's experiments, the illustrious Davy, does not contradict the asser tion relative to the images of the camera. He merely adds, as to his own experiments, that he has accomplished the copying of very small objects by the solar microscope, but only at a short distance from the lens." There can be no doubt that the experiments of Wedgewood and Davy, though approaching to the discovery of Daguerre, were abandoned because they could not give permanence to the objects reflected by the camera obscura, or prevent them from vanishing in a few seconds when exposed to day-light. In fixing the images lies the great, the incontestible merit of Daguerre. Others, before the days of Watt and Fulton, knew the powers of steam, but these two eminent mechanical inventors gave its powers effect, rendered them useful, and paved the way in every part of the world for a total change in the means of communication by land and sea. Ac cording to M. Arago, the discovery of Daguerre will produce no less important changes in the arts and sciences. " Upon examining several cf the pictures to be submitted to your inspection," in his address to the members of the House, he says, " all will consider the immense advantages which would have been derived during the expedition to Egypt, for example, of a means of reproduction so exact and so rapid : all will be struck with this reflection, that if photography had been known in 1798, we should this day have possessed .faithful representa tions of many valuable antiquities now, through the cupidity of the Arabs, and the vandalism of certain travellers, lost for ever to the learned world. To copy the millions and millions of hieroglyphics which entirely cover to the very exterior the great monuments at Thebes, Memphis, Canute, &c., would require scores of years, and legions of artists. With the Daguerreotype, a single man would suf fice to bring to a happy conclusion this vast labour. Arm the Egyptian Institute with two or three of Daguerre's instruments, and on several of the large engravings in that celebrated work, the fruit of our immortal expedition, vast assemblages of real hiero glyphics would replace fictitious or purely conven tional characters. At the same time these designs shall incomparably surpass in fidelity,in truth of local colour, the works of the ablest artists. Again, these photographic delineations, having been subjected, during their formation, to the rules of geometry, shall enable us, with the aid of a few simple data, to ascertain the exact dimensions of the most elevated parts, and of the most inaccessible edifices." And Delaroche, the painter, for example, declares that the processes of M. Daguerre " carry to such perfection certain of the essential principles of art that they must become subjects of study and obser vation even to most accomplished artists, and that the discovery is already an immense service rendered to art." But M. Arago goes much farther, and anticipates with certainty the most important re sults in making astronomical discoveries. "The preparation employed by M.Daguerre," he says, "is a re -agent much more sensible to the action of light than any other hitherto in use. Never have the rays of the moon, we do not say in a natural state, but even when concentrated by the most powerful lens, or in the focus of the largest reflector, been capable of producing any perceptible physical effect. The plated discs prepared by M. Daguerre, on the contrary, receive impressions from the action of the lunar rays, and the succeeding operations, to such an extent as permits the hope that we shall be in a situation to make photographic charts of our satellite. In other words, in a few minutes we shall be able to execute one of the longest, most tedious, and most delicate operations of astronomy. The artificial lights, to which, as standards o f comparison, the observer, in the case in question, is reduced to have recourse, seldom maintain the re quisite permanence and steadiness ; nor, more par ticularly as respects the stars, do our artificial lights possess the necessary whiteness. From these causes, there exist very great discrepancies between the determinations of the comparative intensities of the sun and moon—of the sun and stars, as given by men of equal scientific acquirements. Thence also the sublime inferences deducible from these latter compa risons, in relation to the humble pl ace occup i e d b y our luminary amid the millions of suns with which our firmament is studded, are still veiled in reserve, even in the works of those authors whose least fault is timi dity. Let us not hesitate, then, to announce the fact ; the re-agents discovered by M. Daguerre will speed onwards the progress of those sciences which confer the highest honour on the human mind. By their aid the philosopher will be enabled hence forth to proceed on the principle of absolute inten sities ; he will compare lights by their effects. If he find it useful, the same tablet will present him with the impression of the dazzling beams of the sun, and with the pencillings of rays three hun dred thousand times fainter than those of the moon --the rays of the stars. Th ese diff erent i mpr i nts he will equalize, either by reducing the stronger li g h ts , —through means of exc e ll ent methods, the result of recent discoveries, the explanation of which would be here misplaced, —or by allowing the brightest say, only for a second, and continuing ays a to cc o o pte, rd er in a g to circumstances the action of the oth ers for half an hour. In short, when observers app l y a new instrument to the study of nature, wha t the y e xpected from it has r always proved little indeed compared with the series of discoveries which the instrument origi- THE SUN, LONDON . . WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 18, 1839. nated. In this instance it is upon the unforeseen that we are especially to reckon." Independent of these vast considerations this dis coveryproductive o f a d vantage t o painters, architects, and naturali s t s , an d a ff or d n ot a little amusement l be to persons of almost every class. The whole apparatus, according to Gay Lussac, does not cost more than 121., and after a very few trials every one must succeed in producing the most ex quisite specimens of art. Those who have seen M. de St. Croix perform the manipulations at the Argyll-rooms can have no doubt of the facts. The work to which we have referred contains minute directions, by NI. Daguerre, with six plates, for the instruction of those who may be inclined to make the experiments. M. Gay Lussac claims credit for the Government of Louis Philippe in purchasing the discovery for the good, not of F rance , b ut o f t h e wor ld. His remarks are very characteristic, but nevertheless their truth cannot be denied : " Thus, from these various considerations, it was thought desirable that this process should be come public property. From a different motive it merited the attention of Government, and ought to procure for its author a conspicuous reward. c, To those wh o are not insens ibl e to national glory—who know th a t a people s hi ne w ith greater splendour among the nations of the earth, only as they have realized a higher advancement in civiliza tion—to those we say, the process of M. Daguerre is a noble discovery. It is the origin of a new art in the midst of an old civilization : an art which will constitute an era, and be preserved as a title of glory. And shall it descend to pos terity compa nioned by ingratitude ? L et i t rat h er splendid evidence of th e protect i on which the Chambers—the Government o f J u ly--the whole country afford to great inventions." stand forth a THE ARMY. (From the United Service Gazette.) CAVALRY. 2d Dragoons—A troop of this regiment will march from Cahir for Clonmel on Monday, in aid of the civil power during the election for the county of Tipperary, returning- to Cahir when no longer required. 11th Light Dragoons—lt is now finally arranged that this corps will relieve the 12th Lancers at Brighton early in October. 16th Lancers—Fifty men, under the command of Lieutenant Reynolds, embarked last week on board tLe Exmouth at Gravesend. INFANTRY. 2d—There has been a good deal of sickness in the Queen's. Grenadier Guards—The detachment to join in Ame rica arrived at Quebec, in the Buffalo store-ship, the 14th of August. 3d—The Buffs have returned to Meerut. 10th—The destination of the regiment is Canada, to relieve the 11th, coming home. 60th—The head•quarters division of the depot, per Avon steamer from Gosport, arrived in Limerick on Saturday evening, under the command of Brevet Major Adare, and marched on Monday morning. 62d—Letters from Moulmein, Madras, of the 17th of May, state that the regiment was then in the enjoy ment of excellent health, and the hottest month in the year ( April) had passed over without a single casualty, the number of sick being on an average about 35 daily —thermometer 100 in the shade. The rains had par tially set in, and as a war with Burmah is supposed not to be the order of the day, the 62d anticipate a removal to the coast at the close of the monsoon, at which time they will have completed five years at this station. Out of the number of the 62d stationed at Limerick in 1830, and embarked in the summer of that year for India, only 11 officers and 134 men are now effective ; the remainder of the men (except about 90 sent home) have died during the period of service in India, eight and a half years, which may be called short. Should they, how ever, be so fortunate as to reach home at the end of fifteen years, it is not possible that any will be effective who embarked with it. The troops composing the field force at Moulmein consist of one company of European Foot Artillery, her Majesty's 62d and 63d Regiments, and two battalions of Madras Native In fantry. 67th—The 67th proceed to Canada. 76th—A draft will shortly embark at Cork to join the service companies in Demerara. 78th—Four companies who lately left Glasgow for Edinburgh have received orders to return, to relieve the Ist Royals, stationed there, who are bound for foreign service. 99th—The head quarters are at Athlone. The de tachments stationed at Shannon-bridge, Banagher, Meelick, Mullingar, and Longford, are ordered not to be relieved at present by the same corps. The regiment have recruited to the new establishment—viz. 800 rank and file, having enlisted at head-quarters 71 men within the last month. Few regiments raised so many men in so short a period ; and, generally speaking, they are fine-looking men, from five feet eight to five feet ten inches in height. THE NAVY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sia,—Your columns ha ving frequently been a channel, for matters regarding the Nary, do me the favour, there. fore, with your usual liber alitv, of bringing to the notice of those interested in the improvement of ship building, the following remarks, mude a few days since, in notic ing rather a novel sight, a large vessel building in a " Floating Dock," at Go ;port ; on going on board of which I was informed she was 110 feet long and 31 feet broad ; and really a more perfect model, and improve ment on the old 18 gun-b rigs, her tonnage being 450, one could not be otherwise than delighted to see. She has a fine bow, carrying at't a wholesome round bottom, without fear between decks of knocking one's head against the beams, her height being more than seven feet ; she is pierced for c.?,0 guns, and is just what our men of war brigs ought i.o be, most of the French men of war brigs having the Lame length, and mounting 20 guns, four of which are al ways long 18-pounders. It was satisfactory to not ice that when so much public spirit is shown by a privat a individual, in expending so large a sum as this magnifi cent vessel must cost, that the Lords of the Admiralty 'were pleased to closely inspect her when on their tour of inspection at this port last week; and judging from experience, that although our 16-gun brigs are supposed to be equal to the French , men of war brigs of 20 g tins, that we shall " reform , " and build immediately .s.C.r or ten brigs of the above dimensions. I have no personal act luaintance with the owner of the Charlotte, more than meeting him one day in the summer at the Portsmou •.h Naval Club; if I had, I should most certainly recc tnmend him to step the spar ho intends for the main bo om as a mizzen mast. I am, ;ir, yours faithfully, Gosport, Sept. 10. CAPTAIN, R. N. Cy THE LATE CA:MBRIDGE ELE T lON. Last week we explaink l the nature and extent of the shameful bribery which wa: I resorted to by Mr. Manners Sutton's friends, and we st .ated the legal results which is all probability must f allow. Notices, signed by Messr*. R. Foster, Searle , Beales, and Gunning, sen ., of Mr. Manners Sutton's ineligibility on the. score of bribery, were published for the information of the voters previously to the polling, and served at the houses of some hundreds of Mr. Sutton's voters. The ob ject of such notice was as follows :—lf an election be set aside on the ground of bribery by a Parliamentary Committee, and there is tit proof of the parties, at the time of the election, havin g had notice of the ineligi bility on account of bribery , of a candidate, such elec tion is null and void ; any a new one must take place. If there is proof, on the c ontrary, that certain of h 6 voters had notice, their vnt es are lost ; and if the taking away of these gave a major; .ty to the other candidate, he is declared the sitting Men :ber, without proceeding to a new election. With respect to the intir tidation which was resorted to on his behalf, by certain r If the University authorities, and which we alluded to in a general manner last week, we have a few observations +,O offer. And, in the first place, as honour should beg iven where it is due, and as the crime where it has been commit ted should be laid only of the M as t ers an d c l e l u g. d e s e , from Trinity, he .ere was n o i nter f erence, as been passed general the and d s o ; o e r s e pi of n g the e e g n u s gull re h t cguhseehoaal has Fellows peioiningo,ws,stahonefdtUchehnsrievisectr,sos.iltlyegoetshn,e I e P tthb far as we could learn, with tt le servants and tradesmen. The gardener of one of the se Colleges was kept back from voting for Mr. Gibson I )y the Fellows of St. John's, who, not satisfied with tram p lin g on the consciences of their own underlings, must needs carry their tyranny into quarters where they C . gild exercis e it i n di rec tl y . The mode they adopted w as this : the gardener's wife was a bed•maker in their ov rn college. They threatened her with the loss of her situ, ttion if she did not prevail on her husband to vote for Mr„ Manners Sutton, or at least to refrain from voting for lel ir. Gibson. This nefarious plan succeeded, and ever! bed-maker in St. John's, whose husband or son had a vote, and worked in any of the other colleges, or was an t independent tradesman in the town, was subjected to the disgraceful ordeal.— Cambridge Independent Pre, .r. EXHAUSTION OF ,OAL. -- Dr. Buckland, speaking of the consumption of coal, said, the day would come when we shall have use I all our coal. He described that not less than a million , of tons were wasted every year at Newcastle by the slack, or very small coal, thrown away. He impressed it st rongly upon the meeting to adopt the following method )f converting the small coal into a useable form:—With every ton of slack mix from twenty to forty gallons of w iter, 401bs. of coal. tar, 201bs. of lime powder, 2 cwt. of di 'icd river mud, then form this compost into bricks. CHARTISM. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. - - - - - SlR,—Will you permit me to ask you, or your Cor respondent who signs himself " A Chartist," what is meant by the continued expressions of hostility and de fiance said to be indulged in by the middle and working classes towards each other. I can understand no other than an identity of interests to exist between them, either patriotically or selfishly ; they arc the people, and good government is a thing to be desired by them all. Does your Correspondent (whom I believe to be no Chartist, or he but imperfectly understands his creed) really think that a measure, supported frankly and honestly by the middle classes, for the repeal of the Corn-laws, will meet with no response —nay, even op position—by the working men ? Ido not believe that they are so wedded to the infatuation or knavery of some notoriously prominent individuals, as to foll ow that course ; certain I am, that the majority of the Chartists of London will not do so. Nevertheless, it is the firm conviction of the majority of us, that justice can be attained for the working men of this country only by the means of Universal Suffrage. " Chartism," as the Spectator truly observes, " is but in its infancy." Crossed by some, and petted by others, it makes strange gestures, and gives indications of some wilfulness ; these again bring down restraints and chas tisements, little calculated to lead aright. But, Sir, the daily, weekly, and monthly consumption of periodical literature will purge Chartism of its crudities ; and ere long, from that which seems now but the funeral pyre of liberty, a light will burst forth that shall brighten the earth, and give hopes to far-off sufferers. What is Chartism but a feature of the character of the times—the stretching and expansion of the public mind, stirred from the lowest depths and springing upwards'? The first expreision of the mind touched by the magic of an intelligence that teaches man to respect himself ; to feel that he has a destiny superior to the beasts of the field ; to know, and demand his right to assert this in the face of the community of which he f o r ms so ne cessary- a p'rt. Ali this a n d much more do the Chartists know ; and those, who by tyrannical and oppressive means attempt to keep them down, are not only bad in terpreters of public feeling but the greatest enemies to good order and human progression. I have mixed much with my class, the working-classes, And know their senti ments, and must own Myself frequently terrified when reflecting on the feelings engendered by the cruel and oppressive treatment they receive from the hands of an unreflecting Government, backed, I am sorry to say, by some whose sympathy, as well as their interest, should cause them to act otherwise. I am, Sir, your's respectfully, A REAL CHARTIST. Sept 17. THE [OMAN ISLANDS. (From the Harlequin (Malta paper), Aug. 31.) The last letters from Corfu intimate that Sir Howard Douglas is pursuing the same policy as he did last year, in putting every obstacle in the way of peti tions to the English Government for a reform in the Constitution of the lonian Islands. His mode of dealing with that from Corfu has already been described. In the present year the lonian Legislative Assembly were employed in framing a petition to the Queen, when they were interrupted by a prorogation, for which some other pretext was assigned, but the construction universally put upon the act was his desire to prevent this petition from being carried into effect. The islanders were not discouraged, nevertheless, and a third petition, to which it is said that near 2,000 signatures had been attached, was prepared in Cephalonia. Among these were the names of all the principal families of the island. If the inclination of these people in favour of the desired re form was entitled .to any weight, there could re main no doubt which way it tended. Why it should be thought good policy still to hold over them so absolute and despotic a sway, altogether un-En glish and unconstitutional, is one of those mysteries, if he will condescend to attend to it at all, only to be solved by the head of the Foreign-office. No news paper is allowed to be published, it seems, in the lonian Islands which either reports the proceedings of the Legi sla ture, or comments upon the administration of Sir Howard Douglas. Even the newspapers which arri‘e from England are not allowed to be distributed until they have been examined by the officer appointed for that purpose. The Hazard sloop of war arrived from Bisika Bay on the 22d inst., whence she sailed on the 14th, leaving at that anchorage the British squadron, consisting of 10 line of battle ships (the Ganges, Powerful, and Implacable having arrived), 2 frigates, 3 sloops, and 2 steamers ; and the French squaron, consisting of 5 liners—the Jena (flag-ship), the Genereux, Jupiter, Trident, and Triton ; the Amazon 60-gun frigate, Comet brig, the Papin steam frigate, and another steamer of war. The Confiance had joined the squad ron from Constantinople on the 9th inst., and on the 12th the Dido, from Alexandria (preceded by the Tyne from the same port,) and a French steamer of war direct from Toulon, with despatches for the French Admiral. Perfect tranquillity reigned both at Alexan dria and Constantinople ; but at the latter capital, if a man but incautiously open his mouth for the purpose of mentioning the name of Mehemet Ali, his bead is taken off before he can shut it again. A HINT FOR EMIGRANTS. Mr. Forbes, in his recent work, points out the follow ing advantages which may be derived by emigration to California : " Taking every circumstance into account, perhaps no country whatever can excel or hardly vie with Cali fornia in natural advantages. Its geographical situation is such as one would point out, if he were desired to se lect the most favoured situation in the world. Its topo graphical relations are also most favourable ; it stretches along the shores of the Pacific Ocean, without extending much inland, and thereby enjoys all the manifold ad vantages of a maritime country. By its great extension from north to south, settlers have also the option of se lecting a climate suited to their health or views. Other countries there are, of course, which have the same rela tive situation on the globe, but I think it may safely be as serted that there is no other of the same extent which possesses so many natural and local advantages. Some countries, although they are placed in the same geogra phical relation, are sandy deserts cr inundated marshes ; others are uninhabitable mountains, or impervious fo rests ; some are destitute of ports and rivers ; while others are surrounded or possessed by savages, or bordered by shoals and unapproachable shores. Cali fornia, on the contrary, enjoys natural and local advan gtacs equal to its geographical situation. Its soil is of the most fertile description, capable of producing the choicest fruits and grains in the greatest perfec tion and abundance : its coasts are bold and free of danger, washed by the placid Pa cific Ocean, and possessed of ports of the first order. It is also watered by abundant rivers ; and there is nothing in the configuration of the surface of the coun try to forbid the eternal spring which its situation pro mises. There is found a temperature equally removed from extreme heat or cold : and the range of hills which bound the maritime portion of California to the north-east shelter it from the only winds which might be apprehended seriously to injure the fruits of its soil, or to incommode its inhabitants. " The situation of California for intercourse with other countries, and its capacity for commerce—should it ever be possessed by a numerous and industrious population—is most favourable. Its western shores on the Pacific possess capacious ports. The port of San Francisco ior size and safety is hardly surpassed by . . any in the world; it is so situated as to •be made the centre of the commercial relations which may take place between Asia and the western coast of America. The route by which the voyage from India, China, Manilla, and other Asiatic countries is performed to the American coast, particu larly to that of Mexico, Guatemala, &c., obliges vessels to pass very near the coast of California ; because, in order to avoid the easterly trade winds, it is necessary to stand to the northward to get into the variable and pre vailing westerly winds, just as vessels do when bound from the West Indies to Europe. The vessels of the Spanish Phillippine Company on passage fromManillata San Blas and Acapulco generally call at Monterey for refresh ments and orders. Thus it appears as if California was designed by nature to be the medium of connecting, commercially, Asia with America, and as the depot of the trade between those two vast continents, which possess the elements of unbounded commercial inter change ; the one overflowing with all the rich and luxurious commodities, always characteristic of the East, the other possessing a superabundance of the precious metals and other valuable productions to give in exchange." SUNSET IN EGYPT.—Poets and travellers speak with enthusiasm of the sunsets of Italy, Switzerland, and Greece. I have seen the sun go down in each of those countries, but never with half the splendour which on this day accompanied his disappearance; and could I succeed in reflecting upon the reader's imagination half the grandeur of this gorgeous show, he would unquestionably concur with me in thinking, that, but for its evanescent nature, it was far more wort h a voyage to Egypt even than the pyramids. No sooner had the sun's disk disappeared behind the Libyan desert, than the whole western sky along the edge of the' horizon assumed a colour which, for want of a better term, I shall call golden ; but it was a mingling of orange, saffron, straw-colour, dashed with red. A little higher, t h es e bold tints melted into a singular kind of green, like that of a spring leaf prematurely faded ; over this, ex • tended an arch of palish light, like that of an aurora bo realis, conducting the eye to a flush of deep violet colour, which formed the ground-work of the sky, on to the very skirts of darkness. Through all these semicircles of different hues, super-imposed upon each other, there as- Icended, as from a furnace, vast pyramidal irradiations of' crimson light, most distinctly divided from each other, and terminating in a point ; and the contrast between these blood-red flashes and the various strata of colours which they traversed, was so extraordinary, that, I am persuaded, no combination of light and shade ever produced a more wonderful or glorious effect.—St. John's Egypt. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE FOR AFFORDING PROTECTION TO THE HOUSELESS POOR. The Committee appointed to manage a subscription for the purpose of affording nightly shelter to the houseless, and temporary relief to the destitute, have agreed to the following Report for the years 1835, 1836, 1837, and 1838-9 : "four Committee beg to lay before the subscribers a statement of the operations, which, under the blessing of God, they have been able to afford for the last tour winter seasons--viz., 1835, 1836, 1837, and 1838-9. " During the first of these seasons the central asylum was open from the 21st of December, 1835, to the 18th of April, 1836, in the course of which 2,721 indivi duals were admitted, and had the protection of 24,352 nightly lodgings, and the support of 63,893 rations of breed. "'The new system of Poor-laws which had thus come into recent operation seemed to have contributed much to the increase of pauperism in the streets, and the very impaired state of health in which numbers were received into asylums rendered it imperative on the Sub-Committee to engage a medical attendant, who, by examining all the applicants at the evening admissions into the asylum, might assist the number of the Committee present in ascertaining what cases were ineligible on account of sickness ; many were consequently sent to St. Bartholomew's, the Fever, and the Royal Free Hospitals, and received there the relief provided under the regulations of those several establishments. " A statement of the financial situation of the Society for the year, balanced to the 30th of Decem ber, 1836, is subjoined, together with a list of sub scribers. " During the second period referred to, the Central Asylum was open from the 26th of December, 1836, to the Ist of May, 1837, the very large number of 5,721 inmates were admitted, and were greatly benefited by the food and shelter afforded by the Institution : in this season 99,806 rations of bread were distributed to the inmates, and an aggregate of 42,136 nightly lodg ings were afforded. " The services of a regular medical attendant were again found necessary, and with the further assistance of Mr. Bowie (one of the members of the Committee) no unfavourable consequences ensued. ' ~•• " The liberal support given by the public on that oc casion will be seen by a reference to the lists of sub scribers, and the animal stave of the finances shows the general situation of the Institution up to the 30th of September, 1837. " Your Committee ❑ow come to the third pe riod upon which they have to report, a period more painful and trying than any preceeding one to those intrusted in relieving distress. " It will be in the recollection of many that the weather was unusually mild until the close of 1837 ; but the haunts of pauperism were already visited with a low .and dangerous fever, and in this condition of the metropolis the frost set in with an intensity that had not been experienced for many years. " The Central Asylum, which was opened on the 9th January, 1838, and closed on the 2d of April, received under its roof during this season in all 4,905 individuals, to w hom were afforded 31,923 nights' lodgings, and who received 81,226 rations of bread. The most vigilant attention was required on the part of the medical attendant (assisted by the two medical gentlemen of the Committee, Dr. Conquest and Mr. Bowie, who gave much valuable advice and assistance in their depart ment), in guarding against the spreading of the epidemic then so prevalent. " As the numbers were greatly increasing, it became requisite to open another Asylum ; and premises were, after some difficulty, obtained in Smith-square, West minster, which were opened on the 22d of February, and closed on the Ist of April, a period of only tix weeks, during which time 962 individuals were admitted, 5,443 nights' lodgings given, and 14,521 rations of bread distributed ; making a total admitted into the two asylums this season of 5,867, to whom 37,366 nights' lodgings were afforded, and 95,747 rations of bread distributed. " From the two asylums 90 sick per Ans were sent to the following hospitals, viz. :- 14 to St. Bartholomew's, where 4 died. 13 to the Fever Hospital, where 3 died. 63 to the Royal Free do., where 13 died. But the hospitals themselves having become over crowded no more admissions could be obtained, and some sick were of necessity allowed to remain on the premises, although this was . at variance with one of the fundamental rules intended to guard against the Asylum being made an hospital. " Your Committee had to lament the loss of three of their servants, the sub-matron and two assistants, who were all victims to the epidemic ; and at the close of the season they felt it an imperative duty to consider the privation their families had sustained in the distribution of gratuities to their servants and officers. " Religious service was performed twice on Sundays, for the most part by the Riv. Dr. Vale, who has for several years been engaged to do the duty at the Asylum with so much satisfaction, and frequently assisted, gra tuitously in the evening, by the Rev. T. W. Wrench, a member of your Committee. • The financial statement and a list of subscribers arc subjoined by which it will be seen how sensible the public were that this very severe season called for more than usual liberality. " The fourth and last period is that relating to the winter season last concluded, during which the Asylum in Playhouse-yard was open from the 30th January to the Ist of April. The total number of inmates received was 2,993, that of nightly lodging afforded 11,955, and rations of bread distributed 36,254. " Your Committee consider that the number of admis sions has been kept down to a lower standard than upon previous occasions, partly from the weather not having been pirticularly s=evere, partly from the greater attention your Committee have given to the investigation of casesby persons specially appointed for that purpose, and your Committee are of opinion that great good would result therefrom, were it possible to have every case thoroughly investigated. _ " The financial statement up to the •?4th of May shows the amount of expenditure during the last sea son, and the amount of funds held for the purposes of this charity. C. W. HICK, 4 . JAMES CAZENOVE, 4. WILLIAM EDWARDS." We shall on a future day give a brief statement of the receipts, expenditure, and assets of the Society for. Relieving the Houseless Poor. The stock in the funds is very considerable. The Portafoglio Maltese of the 2d inst. states that the city of Messina, in Sicily, has been visited by shocks of earthquakes on the 27th, 28th, 29th, and 31st ult. During the night of the 28th five shocks, three of which were rather strong, and accompanied by a loud noise, were felt in the course of three hours. The whole population remained out of doors during two successive nights, and many even sought refuge in the neighbouring plain. The Autumnal quarter commences on Monday next, after a summer of very variable weather, in which there was a deficiency of seasonable heat, and much more than the usual quantity of rain. EXTRAORDINARY DRAUGHT OF FISH.— On the morning of the 27th ult., a most extraordinary take of pilchards was drawn ashore by a net on the strand at Fethard, county Waterford. It is no exaggeration to say that there were about 200,000 • they were sold at 6d. for every five hundred. —Belfast News-Idle;. On the 10th of September Mr. Jos. Bowman, the master of a ship in the River, left his vessel and went ashore to transact some business, and has not been heard of since. He had in his possession 96 sovereigns. Mr. Bow. man is de.cribed as 28 years of age, five feet eight inches high, slender made, dark complexion, and a ring formed of Indian ink on one finger. INSTRUCTION AND AMUSEMENT OF THE WORKING CLASSES.—TWO respectable gentlemen con nected with a Society under the patronage of Lord Brougham, stated to the Magistrate at Worship-street yesterday, that they were forming in different parts of the town, places for the instruction and amusement of the Working Classes, at a low charge of 2d. per week, so as to fall within the means of the humble mechanic, who would there find reading-rooms, coffee-rooms, lectures, with musical and other recreations calculated to draw them away from the contaminating effects of public houses and places of low amusement ; they stated that they intended to establish one of those institutions in Pro vidence-row, and wished to know whether they could give musical entertainments without a licence. Mr. Grove said that their object was a praiseworthy one, but thought they could not introduce music without a li cence, an d there:ore would recommend them to app l y to the Magi a:rates at the Sessions. the French in SPRING Ireland took place in 1798, there happ ened to live the town vasio in n h o e f session o f , b Dingle e m in i h e a o n n s e s o t r c n o t u h p e l r e , , w f h e b a a i d t hcoammeo in ton t n p o t. 5 an 0 1.1 1. h bTeihnegsefilramrglye f e u o n n d v s in th e e e y d bad t carefully e ao b l y f o t t h hh j e ee n ier i t i m n o fo g n o te l h d ye possession , French invasion was to g ain -ssegsn of the enemy on the they no sooner heard of the landing . lodge cost, than they security. took coil3nasnkels,tog;eutbhleicr f h u O n w ds t , n h a ey d should sne d li a k y e s i t n o ve t s h tm e respectable tehyat in nust the e he ents' were utterly unknown in th ose people of Dingle. "Pat," ppolatcaeto says 3 place, ‘ s ' ai l d lide pat t , he „ a m in o t n a now, that „180 that the Frenc h would g o to to find it?" l a o h n then, go out in the dark, and dig a hole in the bog." "In the dark ?" exclaimed Pat ; " whv, that's just the time when the thieves might be at my elbow, and I see nothing of them at all 1" What was to be done? " I've got it," said Pat ; " there is an old tomb of the Rices in the cathedral, where the wall is so broken you can see the coffins. I'll just open one of the coffin lids, and drop the money there. Thou it will be quite safe, and sure no one will steal it." So thought the couple of Dingle when they went to bed that evening —but Mrs. Molony suddenly remembered some matter in the night-season that quite changed her opinion of this security. " Pat !" she exclaimed, as she seized her mate by the arm nith a grasp tkat roused him at once from his slumber—" go out and get the money again—it aint safe at all in the coffin—dead or alive, there is no trusting a Rice !"—Gateshead Observer. EVENING EDITION. MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. (TUESDAY EVENING.) TIMES.—By the advices from Hamburgh of the 10th inst., th e pr i ce o f gold i s 4301 per mark, which at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 10.4 d. the ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 13 7 , 4 1 . and the exchange at Hamburg on London at short being 13.51, it follows that gold is 1. 07 per cent. dearer at Ham burg than in London. The premium on gold at Paris is 81 per mille, which. at the English Mint price of 3/. 17s. 100. per ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25. 364, and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 9.5. 30, it follows that gold is 0.9.6 per cent. dearer at Paris than in London. The course of exchange at New York on London is 1084 per cent., and the par of exc h ange b etween England and America being 109 9 .3-40ths p er cent' , it follows that the exchange is 1.07 per cent. against England. By the usual official return, published by the Cus toms, the exportation of the precious metals from the port of London to foreign and colonial ports, for the week ending September 14, is as under : Ounces. Silver coin to Hamburg . 2,000 Silver coin to Gibralter Gold coin to Hamburg Geld bars :o Hamburg A considerable degree of pressure for money has been exrerienced to- 'a at the S :sock Exchange, and as much as 7 per cent. has, been submitted to for loan accommo dation on Exchequer bills. The distrust occasioned by the protest of the bills of the United States Bank in France, together with the unfavourable state of the weather for the operations of the harvest, have no doubt contributed to render the moneyed interests more cau tious in the employment of their surplus capital, but there can be no question also that the reckless specula tions now and of late carrying on in Spanish and the foreign securities have not been viewed without uneasi ness and a resolution in high quarters to interpose a check upon them. The English Fund s were a ff ec ted by this state of things, and depressed in prices. CHRONICLE.—Nothing ftmther,„ of s.nurse, trans. . pired to-day reference to Aiiti:;,affadirf.Wssrs. Hot ,.t.aaitior and Co., and the tall"-gfiltilretnited States ; but the particulars trill, in all probability, be made known te-morrow, which will put an end to all doubts upon the subject. An uneasy feeling was apparent to-day in the Eng lish Stock Market, and a decline of O per cent. took place in Consols, which was occasioned chiefly by the gloomy stave of the weather, and the quantity of rain which has fallen curing the last few days, fears being entertained respecting the completion of the harvest, especially in the north, where it has been more than usually delayed. The Money Market has also been affected in the same manner, and the comparative ease which, until yesterday, has been experienced lately was totally changed, and a disagreeable tightness was ap parent throughout the whole of the day ; but this state of things has been partly brought on by the wild specu lations which have been carried on in the Foreign Market, and the settlement of the account, which took place yesterday. POST.—Every tVnghas teen dull to-day in this part of the metropolis. Money was less plentiful than it has been, and the state of the weather is such as to have excited an apprehension in the mincls of many that the harvest may once more fall considerably short of the quantity necessary for the consumption of the kingdom. The news received yesterday from Havre and Paris re specting the protested drafts of the United States Back had also still a depressing influence, though no fresh circumstance connected with that business has trans pired. Consols have declined little short of per cent. on yesterday's closing quotations. They left off this evening a 90' ; to -O Moaey, and 90',- to 1 for Account. Exchequer bills were done at Is. to 3s. prem. The intelligence of Don Carlos having crossed the frontier into France produced some fresh speculation in Spanish Bonds this morning, and there was, in conse quence, an advance of 1,1- per cent. on the opening price. This, however, was not maintained to the close of business. The holders seem disposed to come more freely to market, in order to realise at the current rates. Tae price last quoted for the Actives was 324 to Time and Money. Five per cent. Portuguese were marked 36 to ? i t ; Colombian, 831 to 4 ; Mexican, "81• to 9 ; and Five per Cent. Dutch, 104 to. The exchaerges on the Continent are flatter than they were last week. The intervention of a Hebrew,holiday may have had it; influence on the bill market, the quan tity of paper offering being less than it would otherwise have been ; but the depression is to be ascribed, we fear, in a much greater degree to the unpleasant augu ries indulged in respecting the harvest. Paris (three months' bills) 25f. 60e. to tide., Hamburg 13 101 to Amsterdam 12 CI to I, Frankfort 150;3 to and Ant werp 12 An influential house (that of Baring Brothers and Co.) came into the market with bills late in the day, or some further reduction in the rates would, it was thought, have occurred. AFFAIRS OF HANOVER. The Hanover Gazette of the 1001 instant contains the following proclamation concerning the question of the Constitution : " Ernest Augustus, &c. " At the fifth sitting of the Germanic Diet, of the :26th of April, some propositions were made to the following effect :—The Diet is asked to declare to the Hanoverian Government that it has seen, in the abrogation of the Constitution of 1833, a viola tion of Article 36 of the Penal Act of the Vicuna Congress, for the execution of which the members of the Confederation were mutually guaranteed, and that it considers the means of attack which these complica tions supply to the adversaries of monarchical principle as an imperious motive to engage the Hanoverian Go vernment to maintain the state of the law, and not to introduce in it the changes which would be necessary, except in a constitutional manner. The Diet, conse quently, in its 19th sitting, announced the following resolution : " The propositions made to the Diet cannot be • agreed to, as in the actual state of things no reason exists, founded upon the federal law, to interfere in this affair of internal policy. However, the Diet hopes, with con fidence, that the King of Hanover will, in conformity with his paternal intentions, before manifested, bring to a conclusion, as soon as possible, with the States, an arrangement upon the question of the Constitu ticn, which may be in conformity with the rights of the Crown and of the States.' We hasten to commu nicate this resolution to our subjects. The Germanic Confederation has declared that the question of the constitution of our kingdom was a natural affair, in alt'..ing that a federal intervention could not legally take place. At ere same time the Diet expresses the desire that we make an arrangement with the actual States of our kingdom, which may be of a nature to conciliate the rights of the Crown with those of the States. Conse• quently the fundamental base of public right of our kingdom, which we have always declared to be the only one of any value, has now been consecrated. At the same time we declare that the confident wishes expressed by the Diet are responded to by us ardently and sincerely. We have already mani fested those wishes last year by the presentation of the project of a constitutional Act, and we have relied upon a constitutional arrangement with our faithful Assembly of the States. On several occasions we have in vited the Assembly to hasten its labours. It it known for what reason they have been interrupted, but our wishes have remained the same, and the !lope to see them accomplished has been singularly strength ened by the recent propositions of our General As sembly of the States. We have therefore named a com mission, which is occupied with the preliminary la bours that are necessary. We shall hasten as much as possibie the examination of these preliminary la bours, and we shall address afterwards to our faithful General-States the propositions which shall appear to us fit as durable bases to es tablish the h a pp iness of our dear people. To realize our paternal views we . re l y upon the serious co.operation as well as loyalty of our States. subjects, who are ca lled t o the Our sincere efforts wilt faithful subjec ts, and we desire nothing so muc h as to see s have for their end the t rue happiness of our alway the States second our efforts with the s ame earnestness But in order that our faithful subj ects may have no . ' doubt as to the public law in force with an arrange ' ,Went with the Assembly of the Stat es, or in case, a gainst all expectation, such an arrangement should b e impossible, we again declare that the Constitution which has been in force until the promuleaton of the Constjtu tion of 183;3, which we have abrogated, and which is developed upan the b as i s o f t h e d ecree o f D ecem b er 7,. 182 9, in what con cerns th e G enera l S tates , te rms t h e fundamental basis. As we believe that the erroneous views on the question of the Constitution which have been the result of a vicious manner of regarding the law will be found sufficiently rectified, and on the other hand, we shall feel disposed to treat with the care of which we have given proofs the acts inspired by error, we hope also that the solicitude for our kingdom will not place us in the d;slgrecehle necessity of proceeding with rigour . against the unconstituConal tendencies of the enemies of order, and particularly against the numerous intrigues of which we have been a witness. (Signed) ERSEST AUGUSTUS. (Countersigned) " BARON DE SCHEELE. " Hanover, Sept. 10." a s t sa e d E or mp azd r On e assured Kosrew Colonel t the e oU 2 n l t 8 1 L Z j e u ve l o t ts t k h i Aide-de-Cam nIC 41b p of h Nicholas, waited on t he Grand Vizier, with whom they h a d a long interview. Colonel Rjewoutski Pasha that the Porte might rely on 3 the support o f R uss i a, and on that of t he other Allied I owers, and th a t " if cir cumstances r equired it, his Sovereign would a id t h e S u l tan w ith his armies and fleet, so desirous was h e t o prove to him his sincere friendship and anxiety to see the present difficulties of the empire adjusted to the satisfaction of the you Emperor." These diplomati s t s next ca ll e d o 1-15fi g P a sha, to whom they rep ea t e d t h ese assuran ces, i n Count Rjewoutski sailed in the evening for Broussa in a Russian corvette stationed in the Bosphorus.