The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-08 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLi‘i OURNALS. FROM TITS nVENING SyTURDAY. GLOBE.—" Opel; your inoetn—shut ,vour eyes—and see what Peel will send you Such was, in effect, urged up;ii th,! country, in divers forms, as no more than was duo to the newly-in stalled Premier; who asked far "time" to prepare his measures, and then put torth the same plea, that his measures might also have time to work the promised good. The gobe mooches complied with the Premier's request: they devoutly' shut their eyes to consequences—opened their mouths wide with expectation—and had the income-tax popped in as the produce of Peel's financial skill ; while the new tariff, shadow of good things to come—the substance of which was never to he realised — completed the amount id' the Premier's benefits to the country. In his much-lauded finan cial exposition, upon the in troduc Lion of his first budget, the Right Honourable Baronet founded his claim to public confidence on the estimates and working of the grand scheme for restoring the rational revenue. The result has proved that no failure was ever more signal than has attended the Minister's scheme of finance; because no estimates were ever more erroneous than those on which that scheme was founded. Sir Robert Peel's grand expedient for meeting the deficiency in the national taxation, and fin- restoring the revenue to health and efficiency, now been in opera- • tion two years. The country is familiar with its results. The several sources of revenue, with the increase or decrease, as the case may be, on the year and quarter, are thus supplied ; anti, as these returns are published by the Govern ment, they constitute satisfactory data by which the financial condition of the country may be arrived at, and a correct judgment be formed of the system of taxation to which the Govern ment has sabjected the nation. The increased receipts from the Excise for the quarter amount only to 8,7631. The Post-office shows an improvement of 2,000/.3 but the deficiency of the latter on the year is 13,0004 This defi ciency is, however, attributed to items being now charged under this, which were formerly placed to another account. It is thus seen that the increase upon the legitimate sources of reve nue is trifling. Any improvement in those items which indicate the condition of the labouring classes is, we admit, a subject of congratulation. An improvement in the Excise on the year 0f387,0001. is, therefore, to be taken as proof, to that extent, of an increased ability in the consuming classes of taxed articles to procure a larger quantity of the necessaries and comforts of life than, for a considerable period, they had been able to ob tain. Still, when the state of depression and suf fering, of which the labouring classes had been long the subjects, is considered, the improvement in trade, and increased means of procuring more than mere food, and that of the coarsest kind, is but trifling. The decrease in Stamps evinces an apathy in commerce. The diminished receipts from the Assessed Taxes show that it the income tax enriches the Exchequer in one department, it induces the individual who is subjected to its odious operation to curtail his expenses in other respects. Reduced domestic establishments, among the more opulent classes of society, and houses exchanged for tenements ()Flower rents and rates, with inability to pay the assessments on even these, explain the continued decrease upon the Assessed Taxes. To the income-tax, therefore, the boasted improvement in the state of the na tional exchequer must be principally assigned. Even that improvement is the result of the great statesman's erroneous estimates of the amount it would produce—errors which cut away the bases of his calculations as to the per cent age to be imposed, and the number of years durinc , which the tax was to be in operation. The head o e 'f Miscellaneous includes, if it does not altoge thercomprise, alarge remittance under the treaty with Ghina—an item which, though it has largely aided the Exchequer, was not so much as hinted at in Sir Robert Peel's grand financial exposi tion. The same may be remarked of " Corn," the duties on which—though they have assisted the revenue to the extent of I,3oo,oool.—were a god-send to the Minister, though a fiscal curse to the community. We have gone more largely and elaborately - into the revenue returns than we have been wont to do on former occa 'ions. The notes of preparation sounded by the Standard, to prepare the public for Sir Robert Peel's grand financial triumph, have prompted, if not provoked, the analysis; which, we think, will exhibit the great political luminary somewhat shorn of his beams. STANDARD.—It has lately been our pleasing duty to present to the public a rich array of proofs of the prosperous advance made by the empire within the last two years, the effect of a prudent and patriotic administration of the Government. Peace conquered and confirmed—the British territories profitably augmented—manufactures mid commerce re stored—boundless fields opened to their ;enterprise—and the value of British p u bli c obligations enhanced In per cent. To-day we complete the gratifying work, by announcing an improvement in the revenue wholly without example under any circumstances approaching to similarity. The readers of the Stant/arc/1 were prepared, by our brief' and general, but accurate, announcement of last night, for a large increase in the public contribu tions of 1843, beyond those of the pre ceding year ; in our present number we lay the figures in detail before them. In the tables inserted in tier first page they will see an increase, a large increase, in every branch of re venue which can by any construction be treated as an index to the state of the mass of the people, with reference to their enjoyments Dr to their active industry. The year's increase on the Excise amounts to no less than 387,5031., and the total increase of all sources of revenue, deducting decrease upon those beads of taxation which are proofs of distress, not of prosperity—such as the corn duties and time stamp duties—amounts, exclusive of the pro perty-tax, to 1,063,974/.—inure than one mil lion sterling. Including the property-tax, the increase would be 5,712,078/. and as respects the resour‘ies of the Exchequer, its abi lity to meet the demands of the public ser vice, as respects, too, the general ability ofthena tion, this increase of nearly six millions sterling questionless, a bona fide ine:•etve. But this is not the light in which we wish to have the returns looked to at present; we would direct attention to them as evidence of the national progress, not as evideuce of tbe national strength, of which, indeed, tiv2re was itur.r any rational doubt. Let us then take the property-tax from both years, because it was e,dlvtted during a part only of 184:4 and Ave shall hays a compa rative viaw to which no excep:icu can be taken, viz. 1842._44,3J9,865 1 ., minus 57 1,016/. property- £43,751,809 tax..... P 343.-50,071,9131., minus 5,1149:260/. pro party-tax InBTease on the year, exclusive of pro,,erty- .... £1,063,974 tat ••• Thus, exclusive of the propyriy-tax, na despite of its reflex operating, which the oppo fielltS of the measure thrcatuncd to be so injure ous to other sources of revenue—exclusive of the property-tax, and, in spite of all the mischief it was to do—the ordinary sources of revenue are more productive in 1813 than they were in 1842, by one m illion slerlhez and upwards. E v en this, however , is I,tl I.qj :ate view of the national progress. 01; the iice of the returns bef ou gh a o re us, thereappears we mast adiait it decrease, th trifling one, in the Customs of last year. From the statement it is seen that the grea t excess of revenu e in NO. ariscs upon the October quarter of that year—an excess, altogether attributable to the prodigious nuts, of foreign corn imported or taken out of I).lnd at the Bs. duty in the month; of August and Sep tember rated, it' we mistake not, at th re e mil dquarters. Such revenue is an index of loss dud not of gdin, as for every shilling gained by the Exchequer the farmer must have lost at least t.,I*CC7 and lost the money never to return to this country. Upon the same prin ciple upon which l, in order to arrive at a fair comparative vies:' of the revzume of the two years, we have struck out the property-tax for both years, we ow4ht to s!rike out the corn duties, which made up so largo a part of last year's revenue, and have produced little or nothing in the present :car. It we h a d the figures enabling us to do thi:4, there is no reason to doubt taut the actual increase of the ordinary fixed sources of revenue, instead of resting, happily high, as it does above sue million sterling, would closely approach two millions. Such, at least, is appa to , . the just inference from the fact, that upon rend: the concluding quarters of the a compit.'is.o,ll of: tw o years, I.'q neither o f which q uarters did the corn duties se-71011ply operate, the last quarter presents an increase of m ore than half a mil deficiencies, they lion. As to t he other trifling plained, while they, whose can be all as easily of the noble business it is to find fault, be . somewhat. at a loss to explain away one a increase of more than one raihon sterling) wholly exclusive of the property-tax. The League Fluid for Liverpool amounts to 6,0201. The noble salescription of the Marquis of Vlistininster, alluded to elsewhere, seems to have completely paralysed the monopo lists—more partic ul arly the so-called fnends of the landed in terest—in this neighbourhood.—Liverpool Igurnal. DANCING SONG. (From the Weekly Dispatch.) Da.i 1, dance, as long as ye can, e must travel through life, but why make a dead march of it? Ti fine linen of State may sit well upon man, Bat 'tie pleasant, methinks, just to rub out the starch of it. Dance, dance, as long as ye may, See the plumes of the pine, how they dance on the mountain : fee the ocean floods dance while the winds pipe and play, gee the radiant bubble-drops dance in the fountain. Dance, dance, let no cynic rebel, See the stars are for ever all dancing and twinkling ; 'Tis the music of spheres that they dance to so well, And that music is ceaseless, though soft be the tinkling. • Dance, dance, every one, The gnats round our heads dance in endless gyration ; The very worlds foot it away round the sun, Keeping up the old figure first led by Creation. Dance, dance, see the sweet rose Bend to the blue-bell in light minuetting ; Summer leaves fall when the the autumn gust blows, But they dance and die merrily wildly pousetting. Dance, dance, look on the rill, The white lillies nod, and the bulrushes quiver; The beautiful water-flags ! when are they still ? They dance in the mill-pond, they dance in the river. Dance, dance, see over bead, ll9w the clouds dance along, with their gauzy robes streaming, Look below, see the legion of dancers that spread In the corn-ears that shake with their golden crowns gleaming. Dance, dance, the wisp-light will try With its harlequin dancing to tempt the lost ranger; The flame of the ingle-log dances on high, To shed joy in the household, and beacon the stranger. Dance, dance, the savage is found Dancing in fury, in triumph, and laughter; The child from the village school, trammels unbound, Dances as rarely he's seen to dance after. Dance, dance, as long as ye may, Nature gets up a great " ballet" about us ; Her stage-room is vast, so some trip it away, For Life's Opera cannot be perfect without us. ELIZA COOK. THE ROYAL NAVY. The total number of vessels of every grade and description in the navy is 609, viz.-98 line of battle ships, 102 frigates, 172 sloops, &c. , 111 steamers, 10 troop and store ships, 1 gun nery ship, 38 receiving ships, 2 hospital ships, 4 yachts, 8 coal depots, 19 quarantine ships, 17 convict ships, 15 coast guard, 33 floating chapels, 2 tank vessels, 2 mooring vessels, 1 sheer hulk, 1 diving-bell vessel, 1 Thames-police, 1 alien service, and 1 Marine Society. O fthe 98 line of battle ships 11 are in commission, including the flag-ships of the Commanders-in-Chief at Portsmouth, Plymouth, and the Nore, 68 are in ordinary, and 19 are build ing or ordered to be built. Of the 102 frigates 30 are commissioned, 58 iu ordinary, and 14 to be built. Of the 172 sloops til9 are in commission, 60 in ordinary, and 23 building. Of the 111 steamers 77 are in commission, including the various packet boats, steam tugs, the Bee for the use of the students on board the Excellent, and the Royal yacht; 18 are in ordinary, and 16 are building. Seven of the 10 troop and store ships are in commission, and the other 3 in ordinary. There are 11 of the 38 receiving ships in commission, in cluding those of the admirals and captains-superintendent of the various dockyards. The other vessels in commission are the Excellent, gunnery ship ; the Minden, hospital ship ; and the Fawn, tank vessel,at the Cape. Altogether there are 228 vessels in commission, which are distributed as follows: _ Mediterranean-4 line-of-battle ships, 4 frigates, 6 sloops, &c., 10 steamers, and 1 receiving ship. hina and the East Indies-2 line-of-battle ships, 5 frigates, 15 sloops, Sze., 3 steamers, 3 troop ships, and 1 hospital ship. West Indies and North America-1 line-of-battle ship, 4 frigates, 13 sloops, 3 steamers, 1 troop ship, and the Imaum receiving-ship. Brazils-2 frigates, 11 sloops, 3 steamers, and 2 receiving ships. Coast of Africa-1 frigate, 11 sloops, and 3 steamers. Cape of Good Hope-4 frigates, 3 sloops, 1 steamer, and 1 tank-vessel. Pacific-5 frigates, 3 sloops, 2 steamers, and 1 store-ship. Torres Straits-2 sloops. Azores-1 steamer. Lisbon-1 frigate. Lakes of Canada-1 sloop, and 2 steamers. Jersey and Guernsey-2 sloops. Coast of Ireland-1 line-of-battle ship, 2 frigates, 3 sloops, 10 steamers, and 1 troop ship. There are 1 line-of-battle ship, 1 frigate, and 2 sloops fitting For sea at the various ports. . . The other vessels in commission consist of the flag-ships of the Port-Admirals, the ships of the Admirals and Captains- Superintendent, the various tenders, &c. ; the brigs employed as the Falmouth packets, and the steamers employed at Dover, Weymouth, Portpatrick, Liverpool, and Holyhead, for the conveyance of the mails. MORTALITY in the METROPOLIS The following are the results of " A Table of Mortality In the Metropolis, showing the Number of Deaths from all Causes Registered in the week ending Dec. 30, 1843." The Table is issued from the Office of the Registrar-General:— Weekly Average 1838-9-40-1-2 _ . Total. Five Five Autumns.lYears Epidemic, Endemic, & Contagious Diseases 196 183 182 Diseases of the Brain, Nerves, and Senses 157 140 148 Diseases of the Lungs, and other Organs of Respiration 290 278 268 Diseases of the Heart and Blood-vessels Diseases of the Stomach, Liver, and other Organs of Digestion . 70 59 62 Diseases of the Kidneys, &c Childbed, Diseases of the Uterus, &c l3 10 9 Diseases of the Joints, Bones, and Museles 3 6 6 Diseases of the Skin, &c — 1 1 Diseases of Uncertain Seat lO9 106 105 Old Age, or Natural Decay 73 69 68 Deaths by Violence, Privation, or Intem perance Causes not specified Deaths from all causes Average Weekly Deaths CAUSES OF DEATH. .. 46 24 25 17 8 5 ..1007 - - 908 903 Population merated 1041. Average Death Weekly in Deaths the 1838-9-404-2. Week . West—Kensington, St. George ( Hanover-square), We stm in- Five I Five ster, St. Martin in the Fields, Years. Autumns. St. James North—St. Mary-le-bone, St Pancras, Islington, Hackney 365,660 162 162 184 Central—Saint Giles and Saint George, Strand, Clerkenwell, Holborn, St. Luke, East Lon don, West London, City of London 373,806 184 183 225 East—Shoreditch,Whitechape , Bethnal Green, St. George in the East, Stepney, Poplar 392,498 203 206 232 South—St. Saviour, St. Olave, St. George( Southwark ),Ber mondsey, Newington. Lam beth, Camberwell, Bother hi the , Greenwich . ..... —.438,060 219 227 242 1)IST KILTS. Total 1,870,727 903 908 1007 7• It is slated that under the term Metropolis are comprised the 32 districts herein mentioned, which include the City of Lon don with an() without the walls, the City and Liberties of Westminster, the out-parishes within the Bills of Mortality— and the parishes of St. Marylebone, St. Pancras, Kensington, Fulham, Hammersmith(Chapelry), St. Luke (Chelsea), Pad dington, St. Mary (Stoke Newington), St. Leonard (Brom ley), St. Mary-le-bow, Camberwell, Greenwich, St. Nicholas and St. Paul (Deptford), and Woolwich. The population, as enumerated in 1831, was 1,594,890 and in June 1841, was 1,870,727. The weekly average for 1838, 1839, 1840, and 1841, was obtained by dividing the deaths in the four years by 208, and the deaths in the four winters by 52. General Register Office, Jan. 4, 1843. CORONER'S INQUEST.—On Friday afternoon an in• quisition was taken before Mr. Baker, at the Bluecoat Boy, Dorset-street, Spitaltields, on view of the body of John Clark, aged 73, a hawker of lucifer-matches, whose death arose under the following melancholy circumstances of des titution, at No. 1, Little Paternoster-row. The late abode of the deceased, when viewed by the coroner's jury, presented the appearance of the utmost destitution. The Coroner re marked, that he bad never seen a human being in such a state of emaciation, and the jury expressed their condemna tion of the parish officers for not having attended to the de ceased, in his miserable state. John Cowley, living in the same house, said, that he obtained a precarious existence by selling shavings. The deceased had occupied the same room for some weeks, and was latterly so exhausted that he was unable to eat. He was an out-pensioner of the parish of St. Leonard, Shoreditch, from which he received a loaf of bread and ts. 6d. a week. Deceased bad strong ob jections to entering a workhouse ; his pallet consisted of straw, on which he lay sxt night, but he had no bed-clothes to cover him. Deceased paid Is. 2d. a week for the room. Witness contributed 7d. towards the lodging. Last Wednesday after noon witness went out, leaving deceased sitting is a chair. He complained of a swimming in his head, with which he had been troubled some days. When witness returned in the even ing deceased was lying on his wretched bed ; life was extinct. In answer to a juror, the witness said that no surgeon was called in, and that his bed consisted of shavings. The Coroner observed that the deceased possibly might have lived if he h a d had the power to take his food ; but it appeared that his stomach was too weak. It was remarked by some of the jut y that there were many similar cases of distress in the parish, and that when so much was paid in rates towards the relief of the poor, their cases should be inquired into.—Verdict, " Found dead." DEATII OF COUNCILLOR MICAULAY.—We regret to announce the death of this gentleman, which took place on Friday night, at his house in Windmill-street. He had been in delicate health for a considerable time past, and for the last two weeks was confined to his bed. He had been a member of the Council for the last five years, and for sever. years was a Commissioner of Police, He could not be properly classed as a member of any of the parties that divide our municipal politics, but his sympathies for the poor could always be calculated on. His exertions to ameliorate their condition were unceasing; and not content with being a member of committees formed for their benefit, he administered frequently to their necessities with his own hands. He was a prominent member of the Committee for relief of the unem ployed poor, when it was first formed, and in that capacity attended daily in the meadows and superintended their labours ; but it is not so generally known that he also formed, at his own risk, and almost at his own expense, a fund for the em ployment of destitude females, whom he employed in the making up of old garments in a house of his own in Adam square. Since the prevalence of the fever, Mr. Macaulay was amongst the foremost in striving to alleviate the suffer ings of the porer classes. In particular he had for months past aroused the attention of the citizens to the condition of convalescents from the fever, many of whom, when dismissed from the hospital, were without a home, and nasally clad. With the view of succouring these for lorn objects , Mr. Macaulay collected a great quan tity of old clothes, &e., from his fellow-citizens, and it was his daily employment to distribute these among the recipients of this charity, accordin.; to their respective wants. Ilis death was caused by typhus fever, which, it is conjectured, was caught in the course of his visits among the destitute and diseased poor. —Edinburgh Courant. B r uTisu ANT) FOREIGN INSTITUTE.—This new Literary Association opens on the 15th, under the auspices of his Royal Highness the Prince Albert, and the Presidency of the Earl of Devon, with a thousand members on its registry, a nd the probability of a lar g e accession to its numbers u soon as town begins to fill with the opening of the two Houses of Parliament, WINTER ASSIZES. NORTH WALES ClRCUlT.—Chester, Jan. 5. William Venables, aged 31, was indicted for having, on the 27th of September last, at Sandbach, killed his father, John Venables. On the day named, the races of Sandbach took place, and the deceased kept a house for the sale of beer in that township. The prisoner and a man named Sutton were in the house, and commenced fighting; two brothers of the prisoner separated them. The prisoner still persisted in fighting, and at length his father came to endeavour to restore peace. Immediately upon seeing him, the prisoner exclaimed, " You old rogue, are you coming ?" and struck at his father. The bro thers again got hold of him, and the old man fell on the floor. The prisoner then gave his father a savage kick in the belly, which so much injured the old man, that .he died the next day. From the evidence of the surgeon, who examined the body, it appeared that death had been produced by the rup ture of one of the large intestines, and there was a discoloura tion of the Outer cuticle of the belly, produced by external violence. The principal question put by the Learned JUDGE to the jury was, whether the rupture had been occasioned by the fall or the kick. If the former, the case would be of accidental death ; and if the latter, of manslaulhter. The jury, after a short time, gave - a verdict of Guilty, but recommended the prisoner to mercy. Mr. Justice WIGHTMAN asked on what ground they recom mended him to mercy ? The juryman who had assumed the functions of foreman re plied, " We think it was an accident." His LORDSHIP, evidently taken by surprise, said, if that were the case, they had better reconsider their verdict, and make up their minds as to whether they thought the death of the old man had been brought about wilfully or by acci dent ; because, if it were an accident, the prisoner must be acquitted. The jury did not seem much inclined to adopt his Lordship's suggestions. The foreman said they thought that death had been the result of accident. They, however, did retire, and, after A short absence, returned a verdict of Not Guilty. SURREY SESSIONS. Frederick Herbert, a stout athletic young man, and a member of a formidable gang of thieves, whose rendezvous was in the neighbourhood of Lock's-fields, was initiated for feloniously stealing, on the 18th of December last, a boa, the property of Solomon Aarons. In the course of the trial, however, it was discovered that the boa was only part of one, and upon that technicality the prisoner was acquitted. The pr isoner was about rejoicing on his lucky escape when it was intimated to him that there was a second indictment against him for stealing a pair of trousers, a circumstance which the prisoner seemed to have entirely overlooked. On this indictment the prisoner was again placed at the bar, when he was convicted on the clearest evidence. In answer to a question from the CHAIRMAN, the police officer stated that the prisoner had several times been in cus tody on a charge of felony, but had escaped conviction at the Old Bailey. He had been an associate of thieves for years, and was a most desperate character. When taken into cus tody he went very quietly until he got to a very lonely and unfrequented part of Lock's-fields, when he made a most vio lent assault on the officer, and made a signal for the assistance of the gang ; but the policeman springing his rattle, his com panions were afraid to venture, several of them " being wanted." Mr. Keene, the governor of the county gaol, said the pri soner's name appeared on the black list. The prisoner was sentenced to seven years' transportation. Charles Duffit was found guilty, and sentenced to three months' hard labour at Brixton, for feloniously stealing, in the New-cut, Lambeth, a cap, the property of Charles Paddon, clothes salesman. James Flinn was also found guilty, and sentenced to 21 days' solitary confinement in the county gaol, for stealing a hat, the property of the same prosecutor. The CHAIRMAN—Pray:Mr. Paddon, were not these goods exposed for sale after dark? Mr. Paddon—Yes, Sir. The CHAIRMAN—At what hour ? Mr. Paddon—Near upon twelve o'clock. The CHAIRMAN—What I at midnight? Mr. Paddon— Yes, Sir. A MAGISTRATE—Which is clearly illegal, and contrary to the Act of Parliament. Mr. Johnson-1 think, Mr. Paddon, you had one or two cases here last sessions? Mr. Paddon-1 had, Sir. Mr. Johnson—And, if my memory serves me right, there is scarcely a sessions but you have a prosecution ; this practice must be discontinued ; it is holding out a temptation to commit crime. Mr. Paddon—l am compelled to do it ; the competition in trade is so great ; and if 1 did not, 1 should be forced to close my shop. My losses by robbery are severe. It is only re cently I transported three men at Kingston. A MAcisTaaTE—You are doing an illegal act, Sir, and en gendering crime. The CHAIRMAN eventually told Mr. Padden, if be came to this Court again, under similar circumstances, he should not have his expenses. There was no occasion for any tradesman to expose their goods but butchers. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. (SATURDAY.) MANSION-HOUSE. A French gentleman, who resides in King William-street, was summoned by a cab-driver, before Sir John Key, for having refused to pay four shillings fare, after having traversed a much greater extent of ground than he could have demanded to be conveyed if an agreement had not been made. The cabman stated that as the day happened to be a frosty one, and there was no " cab life a moving," he consented to take four shillings for driving the defendant a six shillings' distance, and he was to put the gentleman down at the exact spot where the hiring took place. He just did as he promised, but the defendant refused to pay for the long jaunt, and the summons was the consequence. Sir Rimy KEY, having very scrupulously investigated the charge, and ascertained that the cabman had actually:taken the defendant further than four shillings would have paid for under the usual circumstances, said—Well, Sir, this man seems to have performed his part of the contract—what is your objec tion to pay ? Defendant—You see, sare, I often go in de cabs, and I see him rid dei,"'eab, and I ask him vot he take me for! so he say six shilling. I say four shilling, no more, and I walk on. Ver well, he come up again , and he open de door, and he say jump in; and I say four shilling, and he say, yes, yes • and I jump in.—( Laughter. ) Sir Join; KEY—This was near your own house? De fendant—Yes, yes. Dis was near my own office. Ver well ; he ride me round to de places vot I vented to go, but he stop at public-house to drink himself and his hors in Oxford-street, though I was in a much hurry to march on.—(Laughter.) Yell, sare, I don't tink nothing ordat, so he drive on. Sir Joni; Key—He drove you back to King William-street? Defendant—Yes, sare, he drive me in King William-street, but he say he would not drive me in my own office. Vell, when he come in de street he fling open de door, and he say, " Come, you jump out."—( Great laughter.) So I say I won't jump out till you take me in,my office. " Aha," he say, " I won't drive you no more." Den I say, I won't give you no more four shilling.— (Laughter. ) Sir Joni.; KEY—But it appears that he had driven you to the spot at which you engaged him. The cabman—Jist so, your Worship. I driv the gent to the wery place vere he hired this here wehicle of mine ; and had'nt I a rum go to bundle rich a big-un as him a long six shilling fare for four shillings on such a starving day ? Defendant—Aha, I vould'nt care for forty-four shilling. Four shilling ! no, no ; dese cabsmen be sheets—common sheets ; and I was intend to come to de Mayor, for I often jump in de cabs. Aha (shaking his hand at the cabman), you sheat.—(Laughter.) Sir Joni; KEY was astonished to learn that the defendant's office was actually within two doors of the spot at which the cabman stopped his cab and demanded his fare. " How did it happen, cabman," said Sir John, "that you did not drive the gentleman a couple of yards further ?" The cabman—Please your Worship, our agreement was, that I should drive him back to the very spot where I shoved his body in ; and as he wouldn't stand a farden more than four bob for that precious yarn of a drive, how could I, in honour to myself, drive him the eighth of an inch furder ?—( Great laughter. ) Defendant—Ah, Sare 1 He know I don't speak de English much well, and so he sheet me—(Laughter)-1 am glad I have come here, for I wish to have punish dese cabsmen. Sir JOHN KEY—The cabman has not acted with proper consideration, certainly ' • bet he has performed his contract. You must pay him the four shillings for the fare, half-a-crown for his loss of time, and two shillings for the serving of the summons. The defendant, who evidently did not care a farthing about the money, but was shocked at the rudeness of his adversary. then paid the amount demanded, and said he would take the advice of Sir John Key, who told him he would never be cheated if he invariably gave a cabman whatever he demanded, and summoned him before a Magistrate for overcharge. CITY POLICE COMMITTEE. Mrs. Joxes, a widow, proprietress of the Ball's Head public house, Wood-street, Cheapside, attended before Mr. Alderman Kelly, the presiding Magistrate, to answer a charge laid against her by the police, for having her house open, not for refresh ment of travellers, after the hour of twelve on Saturday night last, whereby she incurred a heavy penalty, and endangered the license of the premises. She pleaded not guilty. Mr. Wire, the solicitor, appeared on her behalf. The police-constable, No. 101, deposed that at about twenty minutes before one o'clock on Sunday morning last he passed the defendant's house, and found the'deor ajar, and on pushing it open saw a man standing near it with a pot of beer in his hand. He went in and found three others in front of ;the bar, and two in a passage leading to the tap-room. There were pots on the bar counter, but he could not swear that they contained any thing. It was for having persons in her house after twelve o'clock that he summoned the defendant. Mr. Wire said he should clearly prove, to the Magistrate's satisfaction, that no offence had taken place whatever, and proceeded to question the officer. Mr. Wire—Among those in front of the bar, and in the passage, did you see Mrs. Jones ? Witness—Yes, I believe I did. Mr. Wire—Was she not standing at the foot of the staircase with a candle in her hand? Witness—Yes, she was. Mr. Wire—Had you any conversation with her on the sub ject of persons being in the house at that hour of the night? Witness—Yes. Mr. Wire—What did she say to you ? Witness—She told me they were her own people and were going to bed. Mr. Wire—Have you:any doubt that they were otherwise ? Witness—No, I have not. Mr. Wire—This, your Worship, is the case. Mrs. Jones ad mits they were there when the officer entered the house. The house is much frequented by travellers and mercantile men from the country, and several were sleeping the re that night, which assertion she was ready to substantiate, if requisite. Mr. Alderman KELLY inquired of the police-constable if he saw th a e ny ne b g e negative, Mr. liquor drawn or paid for. The officer re p lied in Mr. Alderman KELLY said he did not consider the case of tha sutim min por o ti g. nce to call for a conviction, and therefore dismissed the Mr. Mottry, the landlord of the Rose and Crown, in the same street, also appeared in answer to a summons charging him with a similar offence. In this instance the same officer laid the information. His evidence went to show that on Sunday mor n i ng l as t, a b ou t t wen t y m i nu t es after twelve, see ing a light in the shop, he listened and heard several persons talking. He knocked at th e d oor , b u t rece i ve d no answer, the lights being put out, and apparently great confusion in clear ing pots and glasses off the counter. He knocked again, call ing out, " open the door, it is the police." It was then opened, when he entered and discovered several persons congregated together in front of the bar. He saw three immediately leave the house, but the remainder stopped inside. The defendant assured the magistrate it was not his inten tion to infringe the law, and would explain the c ause of their being in his house after the proper time. A few minutes before twelve o'clock a party called for some liquor, which he refused to serve them with on account of the hour. This occasioned some ned . Th e conversation, rest 0 fan the they persons wh to o m g o the e nti po l tlhiceepllwiceweenre tlodgers, which they knew to be the case, having seen them some time before. The Magistrates dismissed this summons also, but ordered the defendant to pay the amount of costs. CLERKENWELL. Mary Thomas was charged with stealing 141. 10s., the money of Michael M'Laren. The prosecutor stated that on Friday morning he lauded in the London Docks, from Corfu, having been serving as a sol dier there, and in other British settlements, for upwards of LAMBETH-STREET. At a late hour on' Saturday Nehemiah Shakspeare sur rendered to his bail, to undergo a further examination before D alur. Norton, the a charge of having wilfully and m a liciously se e xplosion of a steam-boiler on th e ex t ens i v e pre mises of Mr. R obert J ohnston , cigar manufacturer , at No . 35, Glouceste r-street, Commercial-road E ast , a n d se verel y en dangering the li ves of nea rly eighty persons. caused was aware that s ome la rge :casks , placed over the b oiler for „p l p 'h ly e in fi g "t it a itneas, Wm, rY Dought, proved the prisoner emptywith on Tuesday morning, and that they ought to have been kept full, and that a few days before the o ccurrence there could not have been six inches of water above the arch of the funnel. l‘tihry Georgedotm bu riness, stated that he had examined the boiler, and had no ear appearance, anengineer enin an extensive way of that the sole cause of ex fits plosion was a want of a p ro per supply of water , a nd the boiler getting red h ot. This witness thlught it mu st have been negligence of t he p erson attending the engine not to have dis covered the wan t of wat er. üb, Fennell, ro Mr. John Adams, a feather merchant, said he had two engines on his premises, and the boiler to one of them had burst in the same manner as that on the premises of Mr. John ston, and the cause could not be accounted for, though he as knowledged Mr. Marshall had assigned as a cause that the funnel was not quite circular. Mr. John Marshall, boiler-maker and practical engineer, gave evidence in corroboration of that given by Mr. Fennell. The case having lasted beyond the usual Court heur (five o'clock), the prisoner was remanded, but admitted to bail in two sureties of 110/. each, and himself in 200/. Mr. Isaac Mansell, formerly a brewer, in a large way of business at Homerton, but some time back engaged by Messrs. Manners and Furze, of the King's Head Brewery, in Castle street, Whiteekapel, was placed within the felon's bar on a charge of embezzling moneys to a considerable amount belong ing to that firm. It appeared that the prisoner was engaged by Messrs. Man ners and Furze as an agent, on an agreement that he was to receive ten per cent. for all moneys received by bins from his connexion,; and an abatement on certain descriptions of malt liquor. In April last he left the firm, and was succeeded by his son, but from information which had reached the fires last week they caused an investigation into his accounts, and dis covered that he had received money to a considerable amount on account of the firm that he had not accounted for. Proof being given of one account of 6/. 17s. having been received by him of which he had not rendered any account, he was re manded, but the Magistrates consented to take heavy bail for his appearance on a future day. A POLICEMAN SIIOT BY TIIE REY. JAS. BROGDEN. —At one o'clock en Sunday morning the Rev. Jas. Brogden, residing at Childwick-hall, near Harpenden-common ' St. Alban's, believing, a s he alleges, that some thieves were on his premises, posted himself at the up-stairs landing window of his house, with his double-barrelled gun, commandinc , a side view of the road. Police-constable Wintle, of the Hats con stabulary, was making his customary round of the premises, when he heard the report apparently of two guns from the house. He immediately came up the Harpenden-road, leading to the hall, a distance of sixteen yards from the outer gates, when he received the contents of a gun in his fare, and up wards of thirty shots in the scalp of his head, abdomen, and ether parts of his body. He staggered several yards, and fell bleeding to the ground from the wounds, exclaiming, " Oh ! Mr. Brogden, lam shot." The Rev. Gentleman immediately alarmed the inmates, and every assistance was rendered, but from the serious nature of the wounds, and on the surgeon's recommendation, lie was removed to the West Herts Infirmary, where he lies in a very precarious state. On Saturday an inquest was held before Mr. Baker, at the Wheat Sheaf or Railway Tavern, Lower Chapman street, on the remains of Mr. George West, a s tone-mason and builder, and one of the most respectab le inhabitants of the parish, aged 63. Four witnesses we re called, but their his usual evi dencemerely amounted to the fact of the deceased being in usual good health at eight o'clock on Thursday evening, his . going from his own house to the oy ster sho p of Mr. Arnold, in Cannon-street-road, and after e atin g fo u r or five oysters,h exclaimed , " Oh ! oh !" and instantly expired. -7-Verdict, died by the " Visitation of God." T he deceased will be ahomserious loss to many poor person s in his neighbourhood, to w had been a kind benefactor, and i t is asserted that, besides his contributions to various charitie s, he had been in the constant habit of giving away in private c harit y from 21. to 3/. a week. he He was a trustee of Raines 's Hundred Pound School, and a donor to the Licensed Victuallers' Asylum, as well as a liberal supporter of all the public schools in the neighbourhood. The Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt held a quarterly meeting on Saturday, at the Treasury. There were present Lord Langdale, Master of the Rolls, the Chan cellor of the Exchequer, the Governor of the Bank of Eng land, and the Deputy Governor. Mr. Higham, Secretary and CORqtroller•Gellerall Yi3.l in attClidailGe. SHIPWRECKS AND DISASTERS AT SEA. On Saturday intelligence of the following disasters at sea was received at Lloyd's : The Sir James Colburn, Captain Davis, of London, was totally lost, together with a valuable cargo of 1,100 barrels of oil, near Muscatt, about the 28th of October last ; fortunately, the crew were saved. The Providentia, Captain Patreira, for Batavia, whilst off the island of Baburga, on the 17th of last June, was lost, and crew only saved. The Wales, a fine vessel from Manilla for New York, was lost about the Ist of August off West Bucra ; master and crew saved. ' The Margaret Hughes, from Tralee, on her voyage Ito London, encountered such boisterous weather that she was obliged on the 2d of this month to put into the port of Cambletown, having lost her boats and being seriously damaged. The schooner Amity, of Bridport, fifteen miles south of Plymouth, lost a man named Simon Crabbe, seaman, who overbalanced himself and fell overboard. The Fame, Captain Buckingham, from Villa Nova, for the port of London, owing to the state of the weather, was compelled to put into Brixham, Jan. 5, having lost foretopmast. The Maria, for Rotterdam, encountered a dreadful storm, which completely swept her decks and carried away her life-boats. She was compelled to put back to Milford on the 4th instant. The Owen, a fine Welsh vessel, and the Percy, were both obliged to put back to the same port, from a similar cause, the former having lost her sails, and the latter her topmast and back-stays. LOSS OF THE AMERICAN SHIPHERCULE S. During the night of Thursday last this fine vessel, reported to be nearly 500 tons burden, belonging to New York, was wrecked off Deal, near the Goodwin Sands, and the crew had a narrow escape from drowning. The letter received stated, that the Her cules left Shields on Monday last, early in the morn ing, bound for New York, with a general cargo. At about ten o'clock at night on Thursday, the ship, in bearing through the Downs, with a fresh breeze from the westward, struck with considerable force on the Brake sands, where she became a fixture, notwith standing the exertions of the crew. Immediately on the captain finding it impossible to get his vessel off he fired signals of distress, which being seen by several Margate and Ramsgate luggers, that are continually on the look out for vessels in distress, he quickly obtained assist ance, when it was resolved to tow her off. Several warps were made fast to the different luggers, and after many attempts she was again got afloat. Pre parations were then made to make for Ramsgate, to ascertain the nature of the injuries she had sustained by striking on the sands, but all of a sudden it was discovered that the ship's hold was rapidly filling with water. All hands instantly turned towards the pumps which were worked vigorously, in the hopes of checking the leak, but upon examination the water was found to increase instead of diminishing, pro ducing, as may be conceived, great alarm, to the master and crew. They still laid to the pumps, the crews of the Ramsgate and Deal luggers now and then taking turns. But it was now observed that if they did not quickly leave her, she would carry all on board to the bottom ; for by that time the water was within three feet of the deck, and she was going down head foremost. The master, seeing the imminent danger, had the boats lowered, and some of the crew having saved part of their clothes, the ship was left to her fate. The boats had scarcely reached more than 50 yards before the Hercules disappeared in several fathoms water. The crew were shortly picked up by one of the luggers, and pro ceeded to Ramsgate, where they landed in safety, at about four o'clock the following morning, though much fatigued by their excessive exertions. The remaining luggers kept cruising about the sunken ship, saving the different articles that floated from her, which they landed. From the position in which the vessel lies, and the strong currents con tinually running over the spot, it is considered im possible to raise her, consequently she is a total loss. She is stated to be fully insured at South and North Shields, but the amount we are unable to state. Since the above was written, a report has reached Lloyd's, which states that the vessel is sunk in about four-and-a•half fathoms at low water, the North Foreland bearing north by west.. In consequence of her lying in the track of shipping to and from the Downs, and her three masts standing, though all her rigging and yards have disappeared, the Trinity House brethren have placed a green buoy, marked "Wreck," off the spot, in order to prevent disasters. LOSS OF THE OCEAN. Within a few miles of where the above unfortunate wreck happened, another vessel, called the Ocean, master William Watkins, laden with ground nuts, from Sierre Leone to London, drove ashore on Wed- nesday, between the Ness Sands and Margate, where she has since gone to pieces. Part of the cargo has been got out of the wreck and brought ashore. A WHALING SHIP TOTALLY LOST. Letters were also received on Monday, announcing the wreck of another British whaling ship, the Sir John Cockburn, commanded by Captain Davies, of London, the loss by which is currently reported to be at least 40,0001. She was the property of 'Ward, the South Sea merchant, at Cock-hill, Ratcliff, wlao is not insured. This is the second whaler that Mr Ward has lost within the last six months, the other being the Sarah and Elizabeth, of London, which, it will be recollected, was captured and burnt by pirates, while lying near Copang, who murdered three of the unfor tunate crew. Mr. Ward has received a statement from Captain Davis, of the Sir John Cockburn, in which the whole of the circumstances of the loss of that ship is detailed. It states the ship run ashore on some islands near Muscat, on the coast of Arabia, and that she became a total wreck. The ship was a very fine vessel, nearly four hundred tons burden. The crew were all saved, but they are severe sufferers • - LOSS OF THE HERMAN, OF SUNDERLAND, AND AYLESFORD, OF DUNDEE. Foreign-office, Jan. 3, 1844. Sir,—l am directed by the Earl of Aberdeen to transmit to you, for the information of the Chairman and Committee at Lloyd's, the copy of a dispatch from her Majesty's Consul at Stockholm, reporting the wrecks of the brig Herman, of Sunderland, on the 17th November, and of the brig Aylesford, of t g q n . ead)c Stockholm, &c., CANNING. LIDec.o dys . 1 Br Dundee, on the 21 st November , both at Faro , north end of Gothland.—l am, Sir, your most obe l d B i 4 en 3. t h u mble servant, (S e To William Do o b n s s o u n la , Esq., My Lord,—By a communication from Vice-Consul Eneguust, at Wisby, dated 30th ult., I am informed that the brig Herman, of Sunderland, C. D. Purdy, master, from Riga to Sheerness, with timber and deals, has been stranded at Faro, north end of Goth lund, on the 17th November, and also the brig Ayles ford, of Dundee, David Webster, master, on her pas sage from Cronstadt to Arbroath, with a cargo of hemp, was stranded at Faro on the 21st November. The crews of both vessels were sent home, and part of the cargo and stores of each have been saved, but in a da maged state.—l am, Sir, &c. &c. (Signed) JOHN ROSS. To the Right Hon. the Earl of Aberdeen, &c. &c. STATE OF TRADE. FOREINGN WOOL TRADE, LEEDS, JAN. 5.-A though salgs in foreign wools have not this week been effected to any great extent, there have been more inquiries made for some descriptions, whilst others have been somewhat neglected. Prices generally are very firmly maintained. ENGLISH WOOL MARLET, LEEDS, JAN. s.—Sales of combing wool during the present week have been brisk, and prices are still advancing. Clothing wools are firm ; but we do not quote better prices except for the middle and lower qualities, which are a shade higher. LEEDS.—There have been full average markets at our cloth halls this week, but principally in low priced goods for shipping; fine and middle qualities of cloths still continue to be heavy of sale; prices of low goods are rather looking up, but fine qualities are without any alteration. The stocks on hand of all qualities are lower than they have been for several years at the same period of the year. The principal business in the warehouses at present is by the houses connected with the American trade ; but this being the season when few of the London or country buyers visit the market, there is, in consequence, little doing for the home demand. BRADFORD MARKET, THURSDAY, JAN. 4.—The attendance at our piece market to-day is fully an average one, and doubtless a larger amount of busi ness would have been done had not our manufac ' turers been firm in having an advance. This being the first market in the month, the spinners generally make contracts with power-loom houses, but there are none disposed to sell at December prices, nor con tract for distant deliver ies ; and what business has been done to-day is at advanced rates. Since our last more business has been done in most kinds of combing wools, and anything offered at late prices is freely removed from the market. Notwithstanding the quantity that has changed hands, still the market is very abundantly supplied, but chiefly held by those who will not sell except at higher rates, which in some cases have been realised. The country dealers appear to be impressed with the idea that the opening of the new year will tend to still further increase the de mand, and are fully expecting still higher prices. The hosiery trade of Nottingham, after a depression which has continued for nearly two years, is now much improved. MANCHESTER.—There was a good inquiry on Wednesday for nearly all descriptions of cloth, with a slight advance upon those descriptions which are in the most general request, and especially on shirtings. For yarn, too, there was an improved demand for the home trade, and an advance of a id. to ;Id. per lb. was obtained on some descriptions suitable for that purpose.—Leeds Mercury. THE CURRENCY. (From the Morning Post.) Our monetary laws are attracting, day by day, a larger portion of public attention. The Times is disposed to " champion to the utterance" the Currency . Law of 1819. Every attempt on the part of pro ducers in this country to escape from the action of that law our Contemporary describes, somewhat un ceremoniously, as an attempt to perpetrate the foulest dishonesty. Our Contemporary furnished his readers yesterday with the following exposition of the objects which the opponents of the Currency Law of 1819 have in view, when they recommend a departure from the esta blished metallic standard : 44 Their panacea is a depreciated paper currency. A taxed nation, we understand them to say, requires two currencies, a metallic and a paper one, differing in value about as much as the untaxed would from the taxed commodity. The metal is for foreign exchange, the paper is for home con sumption. The balances of foreign trade are to be paid in the hard cash, English bills and taxes are to be cal culated and liquidated in the Government notes ; and thus, we are informed, we shall at once have a sound me dium of exchange with other nations, while the pliancy of our national currency allows the English producer to raise his (paper) price in proportion to his taxation, without incurring any disadvantage in competition with the untaxed foreigner. Prices must rise to remunerate the producer—master or man—for his labour and taxa tion too ; but prices cannot rise so long as the cir culation—the paper circulation of the country—is forced to retain the value of the precious metal. Sever the two. Let notes cease to be convertible at any fixed rate of value. Let paper and gold each take its chance. The nominal prices (being calculated in paper) will be magnificent. The real amount of taxes (being payable in paper) will be next to no thing. Wages will be high —remuneration handsome—and all the world prosperous." This statement by no means furnishes an accurate view of the opinions of all the opponents of the Cur rency Law of 1819. All of these are not advocates of an inconvertible paper currency. Others ask—and the Times might, perhaps, be puzzled to answer the ques tion—why the value of gold, in respect to some of its most important functions, should, more than the value of any other commodity, be fixed by Act of Parliament? Parliament does not pretend to fix the value of gold as a marketable article—as an article to be worked up into plate, or to be used in the arts. Why, then, should Parliament fix the value of gold, in its capacity, as a measure of the public and private debts of the British empire ? If we must have gold money, or paper money convertible into gold, why should the debtor classes, and the producing classes, of the community be deprived of the benefit of a rise in the market value of gold ? If gold shall, at any time, rise to the value of 61. per ounce, in the market of the world, why should all the paper money in Great Britain be still convertible, on compulsion, at the rate of 31. 17s. 101 d. ? Is it not clear that, so long as a liability so fearful in its nature hangs over the heads of the issuers of paper money, they must counteract the effects of that unnatu rally low value which the Currency Law of 1819 has affixed to gold, by imparting an unnaturally high degree of value to their own paper issues ? The Bank of England cannot supply the producing and distributing classes in this country with an amount of money sufficient to perform fairly the functions of distribution and production, so long as her issues remain convertible into gold at a rate below the average market value of gold. If the Bank of Eng land should attempt to do justice to the producing and distributing classes, by issuing an amount of money proportioned to the multiplicity and magnitude of their operations, the Bank of England would be in solvent in a week. The Bank is compelled, by the Currency Law of 1819, t,) do far less than justice to producers and distributors, in order that she may, in conformity with the spirit of that law, do far more than justice to the creditor classes, to an nuitants, mortgagees, and usurers. The Bank is compelled to regulate her issues, not with reference to our industrial necessities, but with reference to that fraudulent value which the Currency Law of 1819 has impressed on gold. That value is at all times 31. 17s. 101 d. per ounce. In the market of the world gold may be worth 51., 61., or 71. per ounce ; still must the Bank of England be prepared at all seasons to supply the public with gold at the rate of 31. 17s. 10i-d. The consequence is obvious. The Bank is, in self defence, compelled to limit her issues, and to keep her notes as much above the value of the legal standard, as gold in the market of the world may happen to be above the value of gold estimated at 3/. 17s. 101 d. Industry is, by consequence, paralysed. The necessary appli ances to production and distribution are withheld. Uncertainty hangs over all the operations of trade and commerce. Sober men are converted, in their own despite, into speculators and gamblers. The pressure of public and of private debts is en hanced. The value of labour declines. The indus trious poor are converted into paupers—and then treated as felons. Usurers and mortgagees rise to the rank of princes. Laws are passed to promote the great work of "cheap production ;"—and then, "the public" is gravely complimented on its progress in intelligence and " philosophy !" The following is the criticism which the Times hazards on the theory of the enemies of the Currency Law of 1819 : " We have only at present space to notice one most singu lar fallacy in the curious contrivance for makinc , two and two equal to five. The " Emancipationists of Industry" seem to have mystified themselves into a notion that by a kind of financial legerdemain they can make the same sum light to those who pay it, and heavy to those who receive it. Government imposes the taxation necessary for the purposes of the State ; the Emancipationists propose to alle viate its weight on the subject by diminishing the value of the coin in which it is paid. Is it not obvious that this di minution of value will render the national revenue unequal to the objects for which it is levied, and will instantly necessitate a proportional increase of amount? Government wants a cer tain amount not of its own stamped paper, but of cloth, mus kets, timber, cordage, soldiers, sailors, clerks, and Lords of the Treasury. These articles have a real and not a nominal value, and will be paid for accordingly; and if their prices aro raised by Mr. Attwood's depreciation, fresh taxes must be levied to pay for them. This, indeed, would not apply to the fixed disbursements to which Government is bound. Such expenses—the interest of the National Debt among the number—would indeed be diminished by the proposed depre ciation. But for a nation to evade the payment of a debt by legislating to change the value of the terms in which the bargain is expressed, is a piece of rascality not, we trust, in reserve for any English Parliament." If by departing from the principle of the Cur rency Law of 1819, taxes should become light—then, argues the Times, their amount must be increased, that portion of them which goes to pay the interest of the National Debt being excepted. So be it. But an increase in the amount of taxation would, in the cir cumstances assumed, fall, not on the producing and distributing classes of the community, but on the order of idle consumers. The increase of taxation would obviously enter into the prices of commodities—and he ultimately borne by annuitants, mortgagees, and money jobbers. It; besides, taxes should (as they would, of course) rise in amount, the amount of private debts would not rise, with a reform of our Currency Laws ; and in no other mode has the Currency Law of 1819 made its fraudulent character felt so keenly, as in the frightful extension of that measure of power which the creditor class exercises over the debtor classes of the community. To depart, however, from the spirit or the letter of the Currency Law of 1819, would, according to our Contemporary, involve the perpetration of a piece of rascality ! Is the Times prepared to show, that when the Bank Restriction Act was passed the Legis lature pledged itself that the English community should redeem all its public and private paper debts —not merely in gold—but in gold estimated at less than its market value ? Is the Times prepared to prove, that public and private creditors would have suffered the slightest injustice if the rate at which paper money was declared convertible into gold had been fixed at 61. per oz., instead of 31. 17s. 101 d. ? " Rascality" is a strong word • but the Times has thought proper to make use of it. It may, there fore, be worth while to determine whether " ras cality" may not more justly be predicated of those who concocted the Currency Law of 1819, than of those who seek now to repeal it. Will the Times deny that the Currency Law of 1819 was concocted by Jew bullionists and jobbers— by mess belonging to the creditor class---and by " eco nomical philosophers," the apt tools of usurers ? Will the Times deny that the Currency Law of 1819 was passed on false pretexts—on false assurances as to the nature of the results to which it would lead ? Did not Ricardo—himself a money-jobber, and the oracle of money-jobbers—pledge him self that the Currency Law of 1819 would not depress prices more than four per cent.? Have not prices fallen, under the action of that law, at least fifty per cent., and has not the condition of all pro ducers been abased to an extent corresponding with the fall of prices ? Had the effects of the Currency Law of 1819 been anticipated by any considerable proportion of the people, would any Mini s t er h ave dared to introduce suc h a law into Parliament ? And does not the utter falsification of all the assurances of the authors of the Currency Law of 1819 give to the agriculturists, and traders, and labourers of Great Britain an indefeasible right to repeal a law which has fraudulently annihilated one-half of the value of all labour and of all property, save property in money ? " Rascality" is, as an awkward Currency kwardte Lav rm ‘ of in the mouth o f a s u r e dl y, defender of t 1819 ! It is impossible to avoid noting the gross inconsis tencies into which the Times is betrayed when dealing with certain great public questions. Our Contemporary deserves high honour for his stern op• position to the spirit, as well as to the operation, of the new poor-law ; but can the Times fail to perceive that the new poor-law is pervaded by the very spirit which pervades the Currency Law of 1819 ? The Times denounces most justly and most powerfully—the tendency of the new poor-law to lower wages ; but the Currency Law of 1819 has lowered wages more, we will venture to declare, than all the other enactments which the oppressors of the poor ever passed. The Currency Law of 1819— the agitation in favour of free trade—and the new poor-law—are all parts of the same &rawl scheme. The ends of that scheme are the abasement etr oi value of labour, and the enhancement of the .c , of money. The money power enacted the Curresfii;4l Law of 1819. The money-power clamours for lsa trade. The money-power placed the new Pont, on our statute .book. Why, then, s hould fog Times support free trade, and the Currency,;o of 1819—yet, denounce the new poor-law as a doubt, act of injustice ? The new poor-law is• t , r p oi less, a hideous act of injustice; but it I,dc, more hideously unjust in principle than free u' de and the existing Money Law. The Times nounced the system under which females receive w: - t y halfpence for making a shirt. Such, however, are c ; t y terms" of the poor shirtmaker's " bargain," a ti o Times declares it to be " a piece of rascality" to by legislation "the terms in which a barg'al li nt o expressed." We will, however, venture 0,1 / 1, 5 our Contemporary, that if the Currency 1- 4. 1 ,0 1819 had never been enacted, the new 1 0 9 0 would never have been heard of. It is, to no,' extent, moreover, the influence of the Cum - fe Law of 1819 which has reduced industriou s f males to the sad necessity of making shir t° , three-halfpence a piece. Yes ; the law wis' A cb e eo rectly compels public and private debtors to 7: 1 0 their obligations in gold, fraudulently estiinne 3/. 17s. 100. per ounce, compels, indirectly, 11 ,..% for women to accept of three-halfpence in exchauli" the toil which is required to make a shirt. _ TIDE REVENUE AND THE F—r -N ,t, O si Unquestionably the most important fact thtiiii transpired for a long time past, as in all probs.:o, it will beneficially improve the status of the . I I 1.0 Securities, is the official announcement gazetnig night, that the investments in aid of they i .. ,, w f if, Fund are to be renewed. It cannot be said, that the re-appearance of the Commissioners il : % . of box in the Stock Exchange, as takers of 5t150 1 4; Exchequer bills, in diminution of the Nations' 4 0( was an unexpected occurrence. The feeling 'i e ., the moneyed interest for some time past haSAI that the income of the country, though derivable from the property and income-taxi - 0 0 so far exceed the expenditure of the 11 0 41 Kingdom, as to leave a considerable surplus ; ~4 1 , has been stated under this head, on previel l if casions, that the resumption of investments, 111 . ,,," 0 dation of the Debt, would occur. It aPln,o 4 the notification from the Lords Commissioner s ~ t y Majesty's Treasury, that the surplus revenue jiol.o United Kingdom beyond the actual exPes l l thereof in the financial year, ending the October last, amounted to 908,541/. 1 ls. 9 i ei t iod the Commissioners for the Reduction of the - 01 0 ,1 Debt have been directed to lay out, in the of OF ending the sth of April next, one-fourth part surplus, which, adding interest receivable on .L lpor' of donations and bequests, to be applied to fad chase of stock (3,477/. 12s. 10d.), will inahe i ,V penditure of 230,613/. Os. 914. Of this amontll4, will be appropriated 200,0001. in calling in BO ii bills, and in the purchase of stock, 27,1351. 7 5 . ,_,1 . besides the bequest money. It will be reniarkito4 the amount to be invested in reducing the vo , Debt is small, but still, no question, a most fa l o ft o influence will be exercised as regards the vial v 9 Funds, as we ll as u p o n the pr e mium borne ro ' ni eft r ' chequer bills. Th e s ums t o be l a id o ut on each t ii ii 6 1 day in the ensuing quarter (and the purchases Ad: recommenced on Tuesday next), will be daily: i ri se fir about 5201., and in Exchequer bills Teri, o pei d 4,0001. A pretty correc t o pi n i on ma y be i ° a ct, ' the intentions of the Ch ance ll or of th e Excheci ter o respects the oft -rumoured intention of Mi° o ,o l 4 reduce the interest upon the Three-and-IV, - a Cents., should the investments of the Crey, e ' iiiv brokers in aid of the Sihking Fund be ttiv e 6 ,o „ Three per Cents., whether ;Consols or Reclo.d nuities. It is now over sIX-years since the . income of the country fell below the ' d e r?expend it t when the purchases for the redemption of ° l i e f was discontinued. In many quarters the P ° e f .4 those purchases to redeem the debt is hOlcote:11 tioned, and at the present nioment, when the a AI is likely to lead to much controversy in 0, w 0..,) Parliament, the followiug remarks, froni c on deemed of authoritylin such matters (Fenn's igi dium), are of considerable interest. ;St " The purchases of stock by . the Commis ° 4 the Reduction of the Debt have been made iof il v siderable loss ever since the first establishnist r of Sinking Fund; the average rate at which 11 ` . 00 e l Cent. Stock was created by the various le a gy p, tracted from 1793 to 1802 was 571 per cent. t as can be ascertained), and the average pric e a a the Commissioners purchased the same stee'v 0 ~i , that period was 71 1 1 per cent. The purchases 5T 06 42 to 49,655,531/., upon which a loss was 5 10 1)45 the public of 2,234,4991., being 41 per cent' „,reg,4 L the war, from 1803 to 1814, the average rate ri at which Three per Cent. Stock was created i. 5.. 0, and the purchases made by the Commiss i lol raged 62k. The amount purchased was 17 6 /".. 0 00,4' upon which there was a loss of 21 per cente„a" . A oo, ll l to 4,404,8311., making a total of upwards a ~-t o is: lost by the nation during the period 179 3 ti o, 4. merely to keep the Sinking Fund in oPeril.,o9l from which the public derived no bene fit 4 9 1 Since the termination of the war the purchas!. li it muct .e r, Commissioners have been made at a price, and consequently the nation has to t r io I s stockholders from 30 to 40 per cent. more of # actually borrowed. This is the consequenceoroi method of funding pursued during the 1 p e d errors of which have been frequently t 0 0 1 out in books upon the subject, b il 'At• Al tunately not until the effects were ,f e br if is argued that had the l oans b een raist" f olli creation of stock bearing a hi g h rate of in te ,ber stead of by the creation of Thr e e per Cents.' ' o f ti I fit resulting from a rise in the price conseq ° ii .v ei l the conclusion of the war, would have bete, divided between the stockholder and the ps!',3 ts 0 value of the capital would have been incres; itlj former, while the latter, by a fair reduet i the pr t y rate of interest, would have participated in . 0 1 O t iif The most important reductions in the OP' AO i Debt have of late years been effected 1/ goo p i annuities on lives and for terms of years' Deb t duction in the annual charge of the Public tbe r:,,,, been principally occasioned by the rise in iptei v o i of stock enabling Government to reduce the 03 f l y The saving by the reduction of the ri d : v ete t e l per Cents. is 2,355,8451. annually, aou,„, io te o oo Three-and-a-Half per Cents. reduced, tr 9 001 . ,1 1 payable on the Debt would be a saving ° l t 09 a year more. Before leaving the subject ', L ae W o l as well to remark, that the last purchases ~-,1 11, ,..e d s 1 Commissioners in aid of the Sinking -', 1 , - , 3 4 1 4 ; made on the 29th December, 1837. 1 ° 1- ,tee l 'i f . of that year the purchases daily were 55 24 tots , " about 5,000/. Exchequer Bills, making 1 %0 1 , 27,054/. 18s. 9d. stock, and 250,00 01 • ii , bills, laid out from October to the end of l' ‘e fei, 1837. And it is singular that in 184 4 , ti,l ip ig i i mencement of the purchases in aid of the Si n 0 1,, i should take place with an available surplu s ,,,,aiSsit revenue over expenditure, for the quarter ; 0 0,r,1! the sth of April next, of 27,1351.; that the u ,fer 71 chases for the next three months (i. e. t:?,, ci esW,l should be about 255/., and that in Exelo st 200,0001. are to be invested. The value 01 t ba lo 1 1 and-a-Half per Cents. (of 1818), in which t o rs i lliii vestments were made by the Commiest il ber, jo i i demption of Debt, was on the 29th DeceP;bove 99i, and Exchequer bills, with interest at„;4/ o ' o 3J j 214. per centum per diem, were at 4.55,. h ' - re ete, mium. Now, the quotation for the - 1. ,'"000 7 ,, Half per Cents. of 1818 is 1021, and o f p et o f i o s f a t n h o e th ir e ,t r er ' atbe . p lA tic bills, interest reduced to 1 id. per ce ntl o ible j d uc ti o 'thisn 6 j e s n . t to i premium. n 6 f 9 a s v . our of are A far better plan it ' is thought vire ti ,.. t es 1 0 0 j were the assessed, the malt, and other ''''"uer cr., It is assumed that the income-tax will be ta , et o i, the three years, but at least the five an d ,,, v ie le i le,,, on taxes in general, laid on by the ad o f b o r i might easily be taken off instanter, inste 3 o°4' up stock at not far short of par, which wi - r aeS' for principally during the war, at price s to 30 per cent. lower.—Observer. 0 (41 0 eri at er MARRIED. A 4 le0 „ " d CAwv,,Ol On the 4th inst., at St. Mary's, Fulham , to Y Alexander Poulden, Esq., solicitor , Portsesy,oooll' Rankin, youngest daughter of the late Thorns' Whitby, Yorkshire. • sid Reg° On the 6th inst., at St. Pancras Church, worthitotot t Mootham, Esq., of Montanna Cottage, W an ' s o f St• ' Margaret, daughte r o f th e l a te J. Cowie, Esq" le-Grand. nY D lED. Jkleli° On the 17th of November, at Bellary I.;irete. t; Turquand, Lieutenant, Quartermaster, and In° .jf 3d Regiment of Madras wui L iam igh c tl t n oc f r a i n ß t E l s . q.,reiloic h t te o r O IJ ' ' f P I On the 2f)th ult., at Naples, the infant daug' - pg.' , Darby Griffith. jai' . ' ,r) On the 28th ult., at Florence, W Wansei' ti" '' lae s t'' of Hanger-lane, Stoke Newirwton. , Ag ef On the 2d inst., at Lymingt Henry W°rsel:l Idv . " V Major-General H. T. Roberts, Gm' of Ali lf°l. O fi I S ' Lymington, Hants. o e r On the the 3d3d inst.,inst. Edward Colsill Edlin, f 94.' 1 co oia grove, Mortlake, Liverpool.iHickman, ik rn an On the 4th inst Surrey, Il e surgeon,. f O r ' ~ '' , „, el " , ag at ed A s y s lefbury, Ann, „ N J? On the sth inst ,at L I , Herts, ° 2 .,. --d r i -A On the sth inst , at lli;hagyeaste,en.J. Thornas,."-',51-roP". d i On the sth inst . ., Mr. J. Bond, of Whitecn3rpcp _ia ' head, On ofth e L s am th b i e n th st : , at Torquay William Clarktl,ol:iiv:; On the 6th inst., Elizabeth, .the wife of Mr' < l / ..flano gt London : Printed and Published by M v: — ll2+_,, Na. 112, Strand, at The Sure Office, ~ .,•8 law the Cenoty of Middleles. Madly, Janu ar ' i N ATION FOR 4 11UTUAT,8 ME. InronelNdlNlD:rii t : r4 , o ' , l4 l : ol : Ea t s O radcza tt ab sf ysittl ie z ld, C 1 D o h a O rce:ts, E j Peltharn "ePhs 11 ' argravi 1444 end 2 0th (I t I " I 31 " I " I 3, Total -----,___!! I ftdort, .. l he grafi -.seta °f the !. te mplified ilted t o p /earl. %Oi 'C a Age t e 1... 9 COn , 14, _II mem me, Years. 7 Yea heavei, , r '''' l , rngt vri m , A TI ar ra 11 Y Pati Double 1 D ress c 4 ". Frock (lit • '7 1. ~ ; ~, THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY EVENING, JANUARY 8, Ma seventeen years. He immediately proceeded to Greenwood and Cox's, the army agents, and received a sum of 151. on account of a gratuity which the Government had awarded him, and then walked about until he had become so tired, that he was led, being a stranger to the metropolis, to ask a man to whom he was unknown, to act for him as a guide to a place where he could in comfort and security rest himself. This was at one o'clock in the day, and before half an hour after that time witness was conducted into a house, situate, as he had been given to understand, in West-street, Smithfield, where he went to bed by himself, and did not awake until between eight and nine on the same night, when he found the prisoner with a light in her hand emptying the money out of his pockets. He endeavoured to seize her, but she was too quick for him, and escaped from the premises, and the next time he saw her she was in custody of the police. Mr. BROUGHTON asked the complainant the reason he had come over to England ? He said he had been discharged from his regiment, and produced documentary evidence of that fact. Mr. BnouGivrow, having examined the evidence, said, " I perceive that you leave with a good character, and as an able bodied man, and that your grant is only one year's pay. Why, if you had served three years longer, you would have been en titled to a pension for life. Don't you think that you acted very foolishly, then." Prosecutor—l now begin to think that I did. Mr. BROUGHTON—Have you any more money to receive. Prosecutor —Yes. Three or fourpounds, which are in the hands of the officer of the vessel in which I arrived in London. Mr. BROUGHTON—What did you first do, after you had missed your money ? Prosecutor—l went into the street and told a constable. 11Ir. BROUGHTON—It seems to me very odd that you should have gone with a strange man, into a strange house for a bed, with so much money in your pocket, when you could have got back to your ship, and received the best advice from the com manding officer. Prosecutor—l was regularly knocked up. Mr. BROUGHTON—I suppose you told him that you had been discharged from your regiment ? Prosecutor—Yes, sir. Mr. BROUGHTON—And that you had got plenty of money, and wanted to be robbed ? Prosecutor made no reply. Police-constable, 144 G, stated that he met the prosecutor in West-street, and heard from him that he had been robbed by a woman at No. 2(a brothel), which he pointed out. Witness searched the house, but, the prisoner not being there, he ob tained a description of her person, and afterwards, at the earnest request of the prosecutor, who complained to him of being extremely fatigued, he took him to a respectable lodging-house, In the course of the night witness had dis covered the prisoner in the neighbourhood, and took her into custody, and the prosecutor, on seeing her, instantly recognised her as the woman who had plundered him. Only a few half pence was found upon her. Mr. BROUGHTON observed, if she had had the money, she would have found no difficulty in putting it into other hands in that neighbourhood. The conduct of the prosecutor, from the time he left his bread in Corfu to the present, seemed to be that of a lunatic, as now very likely he would be reduced to a work house.—The prisoner was remanded. The attention of Mr. Broughton, the magistrate, was four times called in the investigation of a case of the utmost import- ance to the public. A young man named Magnis, a butcher, hurriedly entered the Court about two o'clock in the afternoon, and stated to the bench that he had just passed the premises of Mr. Lans downe, a sausage-maker, in Cow-cross-street, and seen three calves carried therein, and feeling satisfied they were unfit for human food, and being afraid they were to be cut up for sausage-meat, he felt it' to be his duty to direct the attention of the magistrate to the matter. Baylis and Waddington, officers of this Court, remarked that they knew Mr. Lansdowne to be a very respectable man, and, in their opinion, incapable of injuring any one. Mr. BeounwroN asked the applicant if he knew anything of Mr. Lansdowne? He said no ; they were entire strangers to each other. Mr. BROUGHToN—What attracted your attention to the calves ? Applicant—My knowledge of the trade. The men, while taking the calves out of the cart, made a noise as if to rouse up a live one, a nd being suspicious I looked into the cart and saw that they were dead, and had not been killed ; they seemed to have been not more than two days old when they died. Mr. Baoeorrrox—What use is made o calves fie under such circumstances ? Applicant—lt is often chopped for pork sausages, which are packed in baskets in London, and sent to meet the Epsom, Dorking, and other country carts, and then brought into the London markets, and sold as having been sent from those places. Mr. BROUGHTON—But would not a judge of sausages be able to distinguish between a pork and a veal sausage? Ap plicant—No ; I have tasted each of them, and could not make a distinction, in consequence of the seasoning. Mr. Baounwrox—Have you any motive in making this statement beyond one for the protection of the public ? Appli cant—Not in the least, Sir. Mr. Beouawrorr—Yeu say you are a butcher; where, pray ? Applicant—l left my situation a week ago. I have been in the trade seven years, and my father is chief manager of the Excise Dining-rooms, Bishopsgate-street. Mr. Buounwrox, having observed that he had no doubt of the applicant's respectability and disinterestedness, ordered two officers (Coles and Bo y son ) to p roceed to dr. Lans downe's premises with the applicant, and make a survey. In the course of an hour the officers returned, and reported that not only were three calves, which had died in calving, or some other " natural death," there, but that two quarters of beef, which the defendant had told them was for use, appeared to them in a very shocking state, and unfit in any way for human consumption. The only sausages they understood that were made on the premises were German ones, saveloys, and black puddings. Mr. Baylis, as well as Mr. Waddington, the gaoler, said they were certain Mr. Lansdowne made nothing else. The applicant said that he saw the beef alluded to by the officers, and he never saw worse—it was only fit for dogs. Shortly afterwards, in pursuance of a request of an officer, Mr. Lansdowne appeared in the Court, and was addresed by the worthy Magistrate, who stated all that had transpired to lead to the examination. He said Mr. Lansdowne had been represented to him as a very respectable man, and he did not wish to disturb his good reputation, but he might depend upon it that it would be disturbed if he allowed a similar exhibition to the one of to-day. To say the least of it, it was a matter full of suspicion. Mr. Lansdowne admitted that it looked suspicious, and as sured the Court that his only Object in having the calves on his premises was to skin them, and then send the carcase to a knacker's premises adjoining. He contracted with Mr. Johnson, a cattle jobber, Highgate, for cattle unfit for the market, and he had the three calves, as well as a live disabled cow, from him on that day. Mr. BROUGHTON—How do you suppose the calves died? Mr. Lansdowne —They were stifled in being conveyed to town in carts. Mr. BROUGHTON—WeII, you make sausages, do you not? Mr. Lansdowne — Yes , but neither beef or pork, and I have not done so for thirty years. I make large and small Germans, and black puddings. Mr. BROUGHTON—You said the beef which has been de scribed as unfit for human consumption was for use. Do you not use meat in the making of German sausages? Mr. Lans downe—Yes' and that which is said to be ba d is good. The inspector of Newgate-market would say so. Mr. Bnoua wrox—Will you abide by the decision of com petent persons in this neighbourhood, and burn it, or give it to the knacker's, if I order you? Mr. Lansdowne said he would, and he fetched it in his cart to the Court yard. It looked very offensive, but it was decided that it had been killed, and was fresh. One of the butchers who examined it said if he could get no better, he might eat it, but heaved at the thought of it. Mr. BROU GHTON havin g al s o looked a t it, said to the of man,de fendant, r 4 My decision is , that it is unfit for the consumption and I order the officer, Cole, to see it conveyed to the knacker's." < :' : v.;'; to ;30 per cent. lower.-- Observer. ...........e°""-- 4 ___—_------- ) BIRTHS. lady o V fo On the 29th ult., at Torquay, Devon, the n ear y ne General H. T. R o b er t s , C. 8., o f Milford Lodg e ' e r t" ,i ton, Hants, of a son, still born. 10 1 1 .' , the $ 54, Oh n the 31st ult., at Glasgow College, Lushingtosth insn, Esq., of a son. 03 00° On the t., the lady of Charles Pl l ~.r. Claremont, Herts, of a son. f i'° ( ____ p e 1 301 Pctt It i 0 b , Ad kr'',