The Sun. — London, England, 1821-06-23 00:00:00

{Mil` 12 ..e.'--- VArtlitraW \ ‘ '; . ..N: 5- :.• - =';'-',-7_,) 4 ' :' \ ',, ~. ? ,f)l, - ; '101Li,..0;44 `..s i-6 0 ..,) 11 . - gte1.441:0.,c• ▪ 40 -* : 4. ,:. "it ri r =-_,--, 1 "7/ ,, -- 2. 'W., t,,7rtec /47tKii-,.,74,,,, W ,X # li r,‘ •:, \`. . /,0,,,,, a ___.... ._ 7., . r‘',4 1 , • . Nuxbrrt 8994.1 SATURDAY, JUNE 23, 1821 PRICE SEVENI'I?.NCE PitI2 W , ILLING4fFFICE, June 15, 1821. ?PI E COM.SIISSIONRS f ar .VICTUAL LING His .ifzLIESTY'S 'N,./IVY do kereby give No tiFe, That on Monday, the 25th Instant, they will be r eady to receive -Tenders in writing (sealed up),,and treat for Fifty Tans of NEW , BLACK SMYRNA RAISINS, to be eei quieratate to samples of not leas than two pound weight e ach, to be produced with the Tenders ; Five Hundred Sacks e t KILN DRIED HOUSEHOLD FLOUR, to be subject to: the 7'811.1 warrants / of Twelve Month.; ; Five hundred Sacks of 131 SKET Fifty Tuns of OATMEAL; Twenty 'UTTER, and Fort , / Tons of CHEESE ;. the whole i ietivered into Ifis Majestu's . Victualling Stores at I:) cPtierd, in the- space of one Month,. mutt to be paid for 4 I.; ' : = 7 s , without Interest, ii.rty days after date. •The Condition s of the Contracts mar/ be sezn at the,,Seere er!ls Vice. regard will be had to any Tender in which the Price 1441 1 not Le inserted in Words at le.nsfek, or that shalt "t be delivered to the Board before One o'clock on the 4aid`-allonday, the 45th Instant; nor unless the Pee , - '" 24 '40 makes the Tender, or some Person oil his behalf, attends to answer when iNalledAr'-' . . (.1 ;;T TING TICKETS . for the THIRD DAY of DRAWING of the THilit LOTTERY for the Year 1820. LOTTERY-OFFICE, SOMERSET-PLACE ; June 22, 1E121: TUE MANAGERS and DIRECTORS of I, e the LOTTERIES do hereby give Notice, That Nuns rs of •Tickets and Shares thereof in all preceding Lotteries 1, Ibe examined at this Office every - day, (Sundays excepted). ur"'een the hours of Ten and Three, with their Registers fitS and Blanks. N'd the said Manages s and Directors do-hereby give further . to , that they will cut off.the Benefit' Tickets to Leo drawn cr the third day of drawing of the Third of those tteries b ox t he year 18-20, on Tuesday, the 3d day of July next, into 1 ,• at Eleven o'Clock in the morning. the said Managers and Directors do hereby also give 11 "'r . \olice, that they wilt attend and oversee the Drawing rick , •ts of the said Third Dayof the said Third Lottery Tuesdav, the 10th day of July next, sit Cooper? Basinglndf-street, within the City of London. \— - If ESTMINSTER PermissionABBEY.—CORONA- TioN.—M GLANVILLE, and ((according by ai ki of• the Dean and Chapter,. fitted up gto tr out usage) all those parts within the Abbey that li!ve. ;ht tit usage) immemorial been accounted their privilege. The t ort ' are arranged in the side aisles on each side the plat voe, and raised a sufficient height from it fur spectators to ,it,44ithand the procession and discern the features of indivi frq,,' '' In the intermediate . centre nave, great part of the Tht-tsiim. will remain during the ceremony within the choir. Ai lti e of ttie Organ w ill be distinctly h ear d ; h ere th e 1,, izt 'it to will eommence, and his Majesty receive an Oration, att e t 'Poker' by the Second Master of IVest minister School, 11..nded b y t h e K i ng ' s Scholars, on an elevated situation. I,ol'4.S:rats are con ven i en tly di v id e d f or l ett i ng i n B oxes, 5i,....,NK ten and twenty each ; whilst. others are retained for a t ; le Tickets; tints giving an opportunity for persons, in tht Patt of the kingdom, to make certain of a Seat within iiii i kihey, if applied for without delay, who might not 'l'q' e w ise have the chance (by favour only) of procuring a t he R,' ! Another division of Seats ate near .fifty feet ham 1 , t,,,;r, part formed into Boxes, bolding four and eight '''ill b e Here the music of the Organ and Choristers hi. ibi s t enjoyed in the greatest perfection. A few of tile Seats '7l. height will actually not only command the procession l iaiA ,4 PProach• to the altar, but also the ceremony of putting ' 1 10,,. 44 5tn oil his Majesty's head. There is ample space gild b: ( 1 1 for walking at the back of all the Seats, both ab o ve Ilto r i:'w; and Refreshment ROOMS and all conveniences are troq i o• And as t h e B oxes are constructed to prevent • Pttru ) , 's "gi prop e rly ma tt e d an d d ecorate d , it i s concluded may he as much at their ease as in their own divel tilt' C . , Nitssrs, G. and Co. intend to open an Office against 7 : 41 h side of the Abbey itself, on Wedne'sday next, June t, i4, '" , (1 not earlier, in order to afford time fur these at a dis -1'44. :,° have a fair chance for Seats, which are 'slot ntimer ini,,e'.he ti•rst day at opening the Office will be devdted to 'lrei2 . ,'"4 tlinse who may previously signify, in writing, ad ,tti',,,:', u 'to Mr. Jeremiah Glanville, - Smith -street, West ti:-.-"t, their intentio no f applying that day for any num -1• ~,f .~. • 1 whet -...,...... • s. p lri ---____ il E QUARTERLY REVIEW, Wit , No:-XLIX. \_ ......_ 1 - BE PUBLISHED ON THURSDAY NEXT. 'On Friday will be publi s h e d, S PEECH,- Delivered in the HOUSE of /I , r , LORDS, on THURSDAY, Jone 14, 1621. , • t 6 4,i, t-RBERT, LORD BISHOP of PETERBOROUGH.- 4,.iq.vti'"er to a P e titi on presentedlo the House of Lords, eij, I g his Examination Questions. iird f. F. C. and J. Rivino•tou, No. 3, Waterloo Place, ( 43 St. Paul's Church-yard. AtjItGNES' N S ESP SAUCE for Gene ra l %he I • :) • 1 • 7 , tiv, 'Poses, having given such great approbation, a.nd, sa.rid-for it continuing to increase, JOHN BURGESS 11 4 ''W1 beg most respectfully to offer this their best ac h.le 4,l"graents to the Public for their liberal patronage of its utiLty and great convtnience in all climates tesiawirriatled it to the most distinguished foreign con ‘'lto hart :ill spoken highly in its recommendation. t 1)11. " 1 by th em ONLY; and for preventing disappoint -144t.1e1 f4milies, ail possible care has been r e s or t e d t o , b y °4l te s , ; "' ' "le bein g scaled upon th e cor k w ith t h e i r fi rm and Nvf,i ol . well as each label having their signature, with „ °HN L', t ,eannot be genuine. e r ,"fird p-WROFSS and SON low' established and much gr. 1.4r . e4 tr e Stl N6E of ANCHOVIES, continues to be pre ki„dtest sati. lo , af ter . the sante mantic:. that has given the qr eil L ou s 'action for many years. e, 10 7, Strand, corner of the Saroy-steps, London. (The Original Eish-Sauce Warehouse.) ANJIBILIOUS PILLS, invent e d by ED tipe 'reP,. :o. tr.4llD HALL MA, Surgeon and Apothecary. This z, r , oh i,,tiou i s justly esteemed. for its agreeable and certain ~ str g,„( by which it effectually remotes all Inaction or I %' ) , j ilt ` l / 3 - i v . 'n_ of the Stomach l and Bowels, whether arising or aid ; Sickness at Co agi le h`:li t e t a i d_ i,, A e c s l t i i e on .;.c F . la i t t u 3 t e i g p j f. ' :;:ites by dislodging acrid 4 ,tts as ' f)r°ther crudities ' retained " in the Intestinal Canal, and jt'`atii„ 411 Alterative to the systein generally. Free from any t ldh;' ) ?ial or Mercurial Preparations it is at all times safe ; i 4 4, - ;!, 'aeen given with singular good ;ffect (luring Pregnancy. i h t% , el :,' is particnlarly adapted to l'ersons of Bilious Ha o r ' c bn,o-,l,tinise of sedentary lives, where a sufficient action of sr, - ^eis is not Kept tip, and crudities retained in those 4 1ei,.. ' are frequently producing Pains mid Distensions, Head ' ‘lpp.", Languor, and Giddiness, or a sense of Weariness and , Ili ti 4 ,l'ion• A single trial will fully convince the Patient of l'.'t t ' ''''cacY f The worst cases of Bilious or Sick Head-Aches ,itik:,rla.inly removed by a single Dose, and in a much shorter :14 nitt'"ah could he credited, but from experience: The Pro (t't thinks it proper to remark, they wll be found not qt t , 4 Oct without pain or uneasiness, but to i le ave the body, ,t.4le tlleir immediate action ceases, free from that costive qti, ), a_ Inch generally succeeds the .operation of laxative Ale- N ,‘• i i i ir ( j2 4 , by F. . Edwards, f;(3, on the Footway, St. Paul's Church ~s..rst.ninlon, ()rice es. 9d. and 4s. (id. per Box. Sold' also 'llt:.:ger, and Chandler,Oxfold-street; Ward, Holborn: Strad -ItXeliange ; and Wilimott. London Bridge. ~AN.l,l,e_re. also may he procured, SPILSBUItY's PATENT $4'..,,C0RL1 I'IC DROPS, a Iteniedv in Scurvy, Gout, 4)ll„:,"znisat, :Ind Scropholotis Diseases. Prepared at the il per., 15, Soho-square, London, price Gs. !Os. 6(1. and itty included The Genuine has a Black Ink StamP• t'OREIGN LITERATURE. [No. XXVII.] LETTERS on the BOSPHORUS ; or, NARRATIVE of a JOURNEY in DIFFERENT PARTS of the EAST during the years 1816 and 1819, Bvo. Paris, 1821. - Since Lady MARY WORTLEY MONTAGUE no writer has had such good opportunities of ob serving those Oriental manners, the description of which alWays excites our curiosity, as the fair author of this work.• These Letters make us - better acquainted "with Constantinople and its environs than . all the numerous accounts which have recently been published. The sex of the author, her rank, and the privileges annexed to it; her intimate relations with thh Ministers of the Christian poWers. accredited •at Constantinople, and the easy access which this intimacy obtained for her to places rarely seen by strangers, all unite to give a peculiar interest to this collection. Existing circumstances also render its appearance at the present moment very desirable. The con test in which the Turkish empire is now engaged itivolves no less than its very existence in Eu rope. If the Ottomans are compelled to strike their tents, and re-cross the Bosphorus, modern Constantinople would disappear for ever. What constitutes this capital an unique in the universe, is that Asia and E uro p e th ere meet , h ave inha bited kit in common for centuries, without having been able to blend or lose their distinctive marks. This contrast, and the peculiar physiognomy re sulting from it, would vanish that instant the vic torious Cross should reign alone at Constanti nople. If'this event is so near at hand as some people imagine, we must congratulate Mine. de * * * * on having arrived there in time to draw a last sketch, spirited. and novel, of a state of things on the point of passing away.— Her remarks are the more interesting, because they ate the result of her own observations : she does not describe from hearsay, like most travel lers ; an actress in almost all her recitals, her observations are impressions ; she communicates them as she received them ; and, thanks to the happy talent of expressing her ideas in an agree able manner, and with elegance and clearness, we are struck with the character of truth which marks every page of this book. Does she de scribe a ceremony, a marriage, a visit to the baths, the mosques, or the harem ? She was present. Is it an excursion by water to visit some remark able establishment ? She was one of the party, in company with well-informed men and great personages. Every door is open for her admis sion, every information is furnished her and en riches her notes. It must, however, be remarked, .that recollec tions of France ate introduced in all her descrip tions ; but who can find fault with a French Lady for this prepossession ? And how can we be surprized that a person habitually living at Paris, should draw her terms of comparison from objects which were daily. before her eyes ? Thus when Madame de * * * * speaks of the beautiful plain of Buyukdere, where the Ambassadors of. the Foreign Courts pass the summer, it is the Wood of Boulogne of Constantinople ; the quay of this same Buyuk dere is the Bozdevart of Ghent; the buildings adjoining this • point of the Seraglio, so much praised for its admirable prOspect, remind her of the architecture of the Pavilions of Flora and Marsan. -Does she allude to the delightful fountains which ornament the environs of Con stantinople, and of the river of sweet Waters, on the banks of which the Grand Seignior some times reposes ? they are the canal and the waters of Versailles. It is France, always France; that is present in her thoughts. , After having sailed from Toulon in the Spring of 18-16, the author and, her companions landed on the coast of Asia, in the month of June; and with a Homer in their hands they set out on a poetic pilgrimage to the plain of Troy. There, it must be confessed, the imagination has every thing to do. •A miserable Turkish hamlet now occu pies the spot where formerly stood Ilium : the famous Scamander, which, even in the time of Homer, might be passed by means of a tree thrown across. from bank to bank, is now a torrent of such magnitude that you may walk through it without wetting your feet; and it is only by calling to your aid the power of illusion, that you can dis cover the tomb of Hector in a heap of fragments of marble presenting the shape of a cone on the summit of a tolerably steep mountain. • This plain, which you reach by the village of Yeny lieny, has a canal runnins , through it, the work of the famous Hassan Pacha. One of the objects which made the deepest impression on the author of these Letters, after her arrival at Constantinople, was the' liberty and. pomp with which the ceremonies of the Ca tholic faith are celebrated. You would scarcely fancy yourself among infidels. The author de ' scribes in an affecting manner the ceremony of the Fete Dieu, which took place in a vast clois ter dedicated to St. Benedict, and surrounded by houses in the occupation of private families. The windows, decorated with Cachenire.shawls, the inagnificence 'of the priests' ornaments, the cheerful looks of the children forming the choir,, who wore garlands .of flowers, and followed the most distinguished personages of the. French le gation, the music frOm ships statipned . before Constantinople,- all added .to the pomp of this grand festival, it w hi c h,th e 'most' singirla'r of all . objects was the appearance of the banner of Ma hornet floating before the Cross, it being custo mary for the Janissaries to march. at the head of the procession, in order to maintain order. The plague and fire are the two enemies of Constantinople. You suffer from the first of these two scourges before you are afflicted with it; for whatever may be the disorder which attacks you, the Turks fancy it must be the plague ? and by way of precaution begin to remove from you. This dread is the cause of the most odious insensi bility. As for the victims of this frightful malady, they are left to die debarred of all those consola tions which are so delightful in our last moments the tender mother cannot receive the last sigh of the child of her affections : the public, officers come and force the wretched sufferer to4art - from., ail his family.; he is transported-attean' hospital where he is separated from the living until he ceases to form one of them. This fatal disorder is so easily communicated, that a young French man took the infection from a bunch of flowers sent to him by a beautiful Jewess. Can we entertain any idea of danger from those. we love ? This unfortunate young man 'could not foresee that his fate was involved in the calix of a rose. According to the latest researches, says our fair Author, it is thought that the plague, -like the itch, is produced by insects a hundred, times more diminutive than the handworm ; but what ever the conjectures of men of science may be respecting the nature of the disorder, they have never yet been able to discover any means of cure, or of preserving us from its contagion. 44 The setting fire to Constantinople," says a modern traveller, " is the right of petition of the Turks." At all events it is certain that'fires are almost always threats or vengeance. They become more frequent in times of discontent. When the Janissaries wish for an increase of pay they threaten to set fire to the town. During the Author's resi dence at Constantinople, a fire broke out in one of the most populous quarters of the city ;- the Grand Seignor repaired to the spot, according to custom, but the Janissaries refused to work at the pumps. The Sultan having ordered the most refractory to be thrown into the flames, this des potic order was carried into execution, and was attended with the best effects : the remainder worked at the pumps, and the fire was extinguish ed, but not before it had consumed 400 houses. After having perused these Letters, which contain many - iyteresting details, respecting the domestic life of the inhabitants of Constantinople, we ask ourselves what are their pleasures, their diversions ? The answer is, they have none.— The rich Turk smokes, seated hi a kiosk, or he smokes in -his caique and dreams of the soft sounds of the oars. The greatest recreation of the wo men is bathing. The remainder of their time is passed squatted down, rather than seated, on a sofa, and their delight consists in jumping from it with agility. Must we consider as pleasures the public fetes which the Sultan gives to his subjects, or rather to himself ? They are called beneche. It is to be remarked that all the fetes of the Turks take place in the morning, which custom deprives them, in our opinion, of one of their greatest charms, for the imagination revels in the expec tation of an entertainment which is to close the day. The beneclzc consists of different exercises which are performed in presence of the Sultan, and in which it sometimes happens his Sublimity takes a part. The most common is the qicrid on foot and on horseback, in which the most skilful in throwing a stick, carries off the prize. In this part of the work we shall find an interesting anecdote. During one of these fetes, the fair author had a moment's conversation with a Turkish lady, and )is uncommon circumstance is thus, related " For the third ti me , the Grand Seignior gave ord ers fo r a " BENrCHE at Dolma-B a kt c h e . Th e. hope of seeing the " game of the dj er id i n d uce d .me to go there. Th e h eat was in " tense ; I was unwilling to purchase the pleasure by. an hour's " exposure to a burning sun, .and thcre.:ere lea the pl ac e w ith "my companion for th e shades of an adjoining garden. We " had scarcely £ .lected our seats when we saw three women " enter, one of whom seemed superior to the other two, she " was in fact the mistress. .Beautiful black eyes, black eye-, "brows and - eye-lashes, w hi c h owe d not hi ng to art, left us to imagine what a charming figure was concealed under the " YACEMITK. This Turkiso lady approached us, and asked, " in a sweet tone of.voice, ,whether. I wiks.a Frenchwoman ? My " companion, who:spoke Turkish, answered her in the afruma " tive ; she then. asked him to retire, in order that she might " converse with 4ne ; adding,. that Ereach women were too " aMiable not to render their society an acquisition. On. hying " informed,. through my. interprzpr, that I did not know " the language, she expressed her regret at it, because having " pasSed six months in'the harem of the Grand Seignior, what " she had to communicate could , not fail to have interested me. " I made my interpreter ask ;her-whether she was married, to " which she replied that she.was the wife of an officer belong " ing to the Sultan's Guards.". A Turk having entered the garden, this lady, who did not wish to be seen talking in a place where a man was present, broke off the con versation, and went away. But chanc e made her histOry known to the author of.these letters. This beautiful woman-was bought for the harem, at a time' when she loved and was beloved by a Turkish officer. After her removal thither she resisted the Sultan ; she did more, she revealed her paSsion'tOrermaster, and the !atter had the generosity to unite the two lovers. This epis o d e of the visit to Constantinople, in which many curious incidents' arc related, is not the only one in the book. Anecdotes which deserve the name of - Romances, break and diversify the nar rative. We recommend them to the .authors of melo-dramas, particularly the Exile, whose ad- ventures are admirably Calculated for exhibition on the boards of our minor theatres. - An elegant and easy style, a tone of soft me lancholy which throws a charm over the most trifling details, just and always agreeable senti ments, such are• the' traits which aecount for the lively iuterest inspired by a perusal of these Leiters. Y.- AGIUCuLTURAL COMMITTEE. REPORT • from the SELECT COMMITTEE to whom the several PETIT lONS complaining of the DE PR ESS E D STATE of - the AGRICULTURE of The UNITED KINGDOM were referred. The SELECT COMMITTEE to whom the several Petitions which have been prigerited to the House in thi s Ses s ion o f Parliament complaining of the DEPRESSED STATE of the AGRICULTURE - of the UNITED KINGDOM, were referred, to inquire into the Allegations thereof, and to • report their Observations thereupon ;11ave, pOsuant to the Order. nf the Nouse, considered the matters totheen re ferred,'and have agreed to the following REPORT t-';•-• Your. Committee do not think it necessary to ptefbee the ob servations which they have to . make, upon thnintportant mat ters referred to them by the-House, by ii recapitulation of the numerous laws which have been passed, at different periods, for regulating the trade in Corn. The m o s t ma t er i a l o f those laws have beeq brought under the consideration of the House by the. Deports -444p' er - Cuipittees Ott- this .seiaet, e , It is, therefore, sufficient to remark, teat by the salutary law of 1806, n fvee fereliange in grain of every description, was esta'olishone- - tweet) Great Britain and Ireland; and that the trade in fo-, reign corn is altogether goterned by the provisions of the Acts of 51 and 55- Geo. 111., by which •were, for the' first time, enacted ;—firit, a„.; constantly free exportation from the United Kingdom, without reference to :price, or without such exportation being either encouraged by any bounty, or restrain ed,by any duty whatsoever ;—secondly, au. absolute prohibi tion against the introduction .of every description .of fbreign grain, meal, or flour, into the consumption of the United King dom, when the average prices, ascertained according to the mode es ablished by former Acts, are beloW certain-specified rates ;—thirdly, an unlimited freedom of importation, from all parts of the world, without any duty whatever, when the prices are above those.specificd rates. Such being the-state of the Law which affects, so far as le gislative interference can affect, the important interests brought under the consideration of the House by the numerous peti tions presented in this Session, your Committee proceeded, in the first instance, to inquire into the allegations-of those peti tions. It is with deep regret that they 'have to commence their Report by stating, that, in their judgment, the complaints of the petitioners are founded in fact, in so far as they represent that, at the present price of corn, the returns to the occupier of an arable farm, after allowing for the interest of his investment, are by no means adequate to the charges and - outgoings ; of which a considerable! proportion can be paid only out of the capi tals, and not from the profits of the tenantry. This pressure upon the farmer,• is stated by some of the wit nesses to have materially affected the retail business of shop -keepers in country towns connected with the Agricultural districts. But notwithstanding this diminution of demand in particular parts of the country, it appears, by official returns, that the total consumption of the principal articles subject to duties of excise .and customs have increased in . the last year, compared with the average of the' three preceding years ; and also, that the quantity of cotton wool used for home consumption, and of • cloth manufactured in Yorkshire, was greater last year than in . the year preceding, although the e x p or t o f woollens in 1820 ap pears to have diminished. Your Committee have.not the same authentic means of ascertaining the consumption of iron, but there appears every reason to believe that it has also in- • creased. The opinion of your Committee, -in respect to the present pressure upon - the tenantry, is formed upon the best documen tary evidence which the nature of the case admits of, confirmed ' by the testimony of many respectable witnesses, as well occu piers of. land. as surveyors and land agents : and it is further strengthened by a comparison of the difference between the exist ing price and the average price of the last ten years, the period within which most of , the present engagements, affecdng the tenant of the soil, may be supposed to have been contracted. -If the present price could, under all the present circumstances,: be remunerative, .the average price of that period must have afforded an excessive profit; which does not appear probable, nor warranted by any facts. The only fair inference, perhaps, to be drawn from such a comparison, and from the state of our Agriculture during the last war, is, that for a considerable part, of that period, the returns .of farming capital somewhat ex ceeded the ordinary rate of profit, and that, at this time they are considerably below it: However much this revulsion is to be lamented, both as it affects the public interest, and the interests and humedian pro spects of a most nieritonous class of the community, it is a re- • yulsion of the same nature (whatever may he its degree) as.- many which have occurred in different periods of our history; and it is no more than an act of justice to the tenantry of-Great - Britain to state, that, so far as your Committee have been: able to ascertain, the rents, with some exceptions in parti cu l a r' districts, have hitherto been collected, without more arrest than: has occurred on several former Occasiong: This punctuality, whilst it is highly honourable to the character of the tenantry, aflbrds (your Committee trust) a grouno of hope, that the great body of the occupiers of the soil; either from the savings of more prosperous times, or f r o m t h at cre di t which punctuality willgenerally command in this country,possesses resources wl lien will enable them to surmount the difficulties Under which they now labour. The pressure of these difficulties has led, in many instances, to a diminution of tents, varying in degree according to the proportion in which- such rents had been increased be tween the years 1793 and 1814, which diminution is stated by several of the . .witnesses to have been made as well upon sub sisting leases, as in cases where farms have been recently nice. Your CoinMittee cannot allude to the state of rents in this country,. without observing, that a large portion of the .increase of the rent which has taken place within th e l as t t wenty years, is owing to the capit a l s which have been permanently vestal in improvements, partly by the owners and, in part by the tenants of the soil ; by the judicious application of which capitals, in many Ina:imam p-reat tracts of land, theretofore waste, or com paratively of little value, belie been brought intp,productive cidtivation. A further proportion o f th e i ncrease o f rent ' is, unques tionably, to be ascribed to • the diminjahed value of our currency, during a great part of the period when this , rise took place. It may be difficult, upon an average of the whol e • kingdom, and still more difficult in specific .cases, to deter mine what part of the increase of rents any have htisn from this cause; b u t it, is certai n ly not inconsiderable, tind Wasatint ing the war, saili.eient probably to 'compensate to the landlord the effects of the derangement of the currency. The re' teza tion of that currency will necessarily lead, as existing eiagag,e men:a lapse, to new arrangements between landlord and tenant; in the adjustnient of which the permanent effect 'of that'resto ration, however tililicnlt t,aaally to asaa-ttain, will have its prae tical effect. But your Committee cannot omit to state their opinion, that any attempt. to determine that.offect at . glis. moment, would give an erroneous, and Having an exaggerated Die:sure of its prospective.infiu ence . Having been , long.below, the currency appears now to be forced above, its standard. In making this • remark, it is by no ineana designed to ()ilia- an opinion. uPon the precautions which-have been taken, and tate'paeparations which have been matle . 4 the Bank, for the resumption of • cash pay ments. But it must be obvious, th a t if the e ffect of thoaeprii- i parationa.has been to contract, its . any ennsiderable degree, the: amount of coin previouslYcitculatine, in'...Europe, by withdraw-: big it from that, circulation into the colliers of the Bank, the value of money must havehean raised geneially on the man ncnt ; and if, coincident with that operation, , the separate cur rency of this country haS also -been.contracted, not only, in the. .dpgree necessary,—first, to.restore it to its relative par. - value wit.] the metallic currency of other . , Gauntries, but fUrther, to place it at a perma.neut premium above that metallic currency (itself enhanced i n va l ue i n proportion, to the .amount with drawn by the p urc ha ses o f t h e Bank,) it would seem to follow, that the proporti o n of our cireidati on i s now somew h at bel ow, and the vique of the currency so:newhat above, wh e t w o uld ' be requisite to niaintain that currency upon a 'level with the diminished circulation, and consequently, with the in creased value of money in the . other Counti;es of the world. The pusent price of standartl.silyerin bank paper, the very high course of toe f ore i gn exchanges, and . tha:iininense new highe r w i t h a il countries than at any influx of ballasts for the last nine months, without any d ec li ne in theseexcliangcs, format pea-fed, 4 11 clact;r strongly to warrant this coneluaion. It-would be for::iati to the iromediateobject of this• Report to pursue this subject further ; your Committee, however, can not but ascribe a‘proporb - on Of tile depression of prices; which (as they will hereaftr have occcsion to Observe) now generally prevails in other cunt tries, as well as in this, to the measures the restoration of oar currency had rendered necessary ;the • genctal effect of which fats been, in some degree, to derange the mar/ sets of every. part :of the eiv.ilized world; an effect wbic.h ,has keen aiagravate4.gels? iamakats, as well . a,s in our.man, by the endeavours of other comities to revart to a maitallie cur. rencyp simultaneously with OtIYBaIVCS.. - Whatever . therefore may be the ultimate operation of the re:. storatien of. the currency upon , the nominal rental of the king). dom e your Committee incline to believe that it wili i s short ef some of the exa ge.rated predictions to 'which the pre sent alarz‘s have given iese ; and they see no ree.son to appre hend that the dinnnution can ultimately exceed thatepeoinntioa or the increase which, 01.11:::12; the war e grew cut a the. depre crated value of the currency. . .Under cireumstances ineoura: - .10 to the proapa r ity - ne tiie ' country, which thny trust may feirly I. enticip.ated aottinuanee Of peace, they are disposed to hope that this , di minution may not be carlied even to that extern.; altholigh; as a general principle, your Committee cannot doubt, tut, so - far as the alteteition of our currency has contribitteel to Io vet the price Of commodities, the prochietions .Agrieulnare a ys been, and must hereeifter, in common with all other artieiLa, oe affected by the. improved value of our money. But your Contreittea;.zra also satisfied, l e y dare result of tit& inquiries, that, in resent year, the .price of cern has beeal feether depreas:xl alreirdzinee and goed quelity cef the last harvest, in tilrirhicies of grain and pulse ; more parti cularly in Ireland, in which pant of tile f Innen ten an .naa, skn l laeaa e Several of the ilotneeses, enannineelh:trar etafeal. their h that - the prices of grain have farther been depressed, in the present year, by the very large importatiOns of foreign core, veluen took place before' the ports were closed in the month of febrnat/ 1819 . ; but looking to the very high prices, and to the constant and brisk demand which prevailed in our Illarkets e so' long as the ports continued operi in 1817 and 1818, it. may be inferze.o. that the greatest part of th ose importations wees necessary, and was disposed of during those years, to supply the daily w.emts of our consumption, and that it is therefore only in a-lemote deeenee that the present prices can be influenced by the occurrences ol that period. It can scarcely be necessary for your Committee to rernaek, that the growth of 'wheat leas been grently extended and' im proved of late years, inall parts of' tare' liiited Kingdom,- hitt principally in Ireland, since the year 1807. . Your Committee feel it an important part of - their duty to re call to the recollection of the House, and the Country, that, in the years 188=3• and 1814, • a depression of priccs,--principally caused by abundant _harvests, and a great tater:Sion of tilloge, excited by the extraordinary high prices of antecedent years,_;_ appears to .have produced a teniporary .pressure and uneasiness among the owners and occupiers. of land, • and a corresponding difficulty in the payment of rents and the letting of farms, in some degree similar to the apprehensions null ernharressments which now prevail ; anti, also, that in many earlier period a, similar complaints may be traced in the history of Agriculture. Among numerous instances of these complaints, 'which my be found in other publications, between the rniddle.of the 17L1 century and the beginning of the late reign, two have been point ed out by one of the witnesses, in wilich the thinSenvill not fail to remark the great similarity between the arguilfents and • alarms which were then current, with these Which prevail jai-, Many quarters at this period. ' That in these earlier and more remote stones -of our Agri culture these alarms were only temporary, trail that the fears of those who reasoned upon their continuance and increase, were ere long dissipated by the natural comec of seasons:and events, is now matter of - history. • ',And it in impossible to lock baelt to the discussions of the years 1844 anti 1814; and more espe cially to the evidence taken befctre. the (.'onnuittee appointed by the House on the latter • oecasion, without being torcibly struck with the conformity of the statements . and. opinion's, thnli produced, respecting the ruinous op era ti on and enpected con tinuance of low prices, with those which will be found in tore evidence now collected. Indeed these statements, in some in stances, come from the mouths of the same witnesses. Your Committee will not lengthen their Report, by inserting any extracts from the Report of 1814, but they feel tnat, upen this point, they may confidently refer, on the onn hand, to the general tenor of the examinations of the ze.veral•suer eyors and intelligent oeCupierS of land, whose evidence will be found at nexed to that Report; and, on the other, - to the -. lllinutes are now submitted to the - Your Committee - trust that this reference to past experience will not be altogether useless and unavailing to allay the alarm, and to dispel some of the desponding 'predictiOns fanich, by üb necessarily increasing anxiety fon the future, tend to aneTravate the severe pressure of our present difficulties ;—that tie reL'e,- tions which such a'retrospect•is - calculated- to excite, may le a d the occupiers of the tail, as ithas led - yonr Cominittee, to mine:, that in Agriculture, as in nil other -•purauhs, in which capital and indUstiY• can-be embarked, there have been and will-ba, _periods of reaction ; that such reantion is the more; to be expiat ed, in proportion to tae lope e cortiriped prosper4y of the pp., suit, and to the degree of in :carious exein-ment and exernon which that prosperity had called forth, They .must add 'further inference 'fawn'. the experience of ,fonner period's, to 'whiCh the present crisis bears no distant res - enahlatte, that there is a 'natural tender.ey in the' dist:rilaution of "apit l and labor to remedy the disorders which may casually arisein na feo such temporary derangements, tind (without dt•4l meaning op dolly that it is the duty of the Legislature to d o - r.re - ry I.lliag its power - to shorten the duration, gild to pa l 4iate: the evils_ of the 'crisis) that it often happens- that these‘otadidera arepae longed, if not aggrayaLd, by tOo Innen interference and ree-tila don. - • . , • It is by no means with the expectation that- the sufforiogoof • our own community can be alleiated by the cofiteMpLuton of • a corresponding pressiire its,' n other natioos, that your mittee find 'themselves callcd,upon to state, that many Coll,l:UQ ditigs of ge i tiqral arid extensive deniand, the staple:productions Of other countries 'Stich asAcorn o cooon, rice and tobacco in the United Sfaits of AMerica ; sugar :.rd ruin in the Wkst flax; hemp, timber, iron, wool, and corn, on the conti nent of I. , :uropeoappear to have lollop in price, in Soine imstances mono and scarcely tit any- less, in proportion 'to the pricea: of those articles prior to l t'l6,,than the, fall in the price of gratako this 'country o-,With n.g - ard-toseveral of which artieles,, and-tire countries pro:hieing theni, some of t he etiosca which have prin. eipallv 'affected the vailue of grain in this c ouotr y c a nnot be con sidered as Orerating. • • . Thefreots of this gre a t r evu l s i on - of prices, in oth e r parts of the iverb.l,'- . n , u4s be found, as to mo s t o f tho se art i c l es, i n the . Evidenee ctillectea by your Cortmlittce, and the remainderr itautheritic inforrontion -ne w b e f ore t h e h ouse. T he facts Pram their Omar; matter of such ootoriety to .t4e col iillercial KlasSz:s of the community, that th ey cannot odrni: of it difht. this•state things ttmds to inVoive °diet cOuntries' in cribarrOssnient, it must be matter not of sada:ac tion, biit of r, et . ; and this natural feeling of 'very libcrtl ooiY . I,:e confirmed by reflecting upon the intimate connection must exist betwcep the advanaement of otltar MOions loWa rds'Wealth' =p and roven : lent, and the gro w i ng ptg.- sper4, of outown. Fintertaining this feeling, your Committee that their motive for noticing the present state of - the: markets Li Otlierpartsofthe world, willnot be niiicenceived. The faCtis one which naturally camewi thin OIC scope of their in quirt',. te - ndirig taafFoat the ro arketS of this country. and it Oppeared,oot line.Seritial :divert to it, for the further objc.scteif Showing, th;): the causes; whiclohave orodoeed, this great changearc-nntcontLieti 'to .any'nnecou4trY... reovOtild leer - . that thc in fluen c eOf thet get 4. ral d;:tratiguitent Whiell the convulsionsnf the hest 451ea.rs. have pr'oelitCed rOations of coMinerle, in the application ot• the'deiirtizd' for labour, is not yet spent and liatisted, tend ihzt neither .124 e hqirits and dealings of inclividwllo, ineinbers'orthe`iatite - coinniunity, nor the transactions and -..ip tcrcourse of dilrerent communities with - one another, have hitt', • , I • caste •Crt6' altogether add themselves to that more natural stote:of thing's, which We.may nay/ hope LS , likely to become again die More habitual fold ijerr.Llr.n , ;_nt condition of society. . It is impossible to have watched with any degtee of attetitioll, the state and condition ,of Agriculture, Manufactures,.. and Trade, under the infiuence of this depression in the pricerof 4nany arti - eles of general consumption,• without being-cenVit'ac . - , rd thzt it has boen attended with sever glass to the several by whose capitals those articles have been either raised,. or bell fig sale`and distribution, to supply the wants of society,; hat as far e.s deprcssioli of pi ice has ;been produced. by redundant . pre -, - .ductiono'whieb,'at !his Mot - tient, appears to le one of the eatts;',‘ operating . to lower the price of cotwboth inthis and other cone tries, it admits of no aacquate remedy, except that which Mart arise progrcroive adjustment of the supply to in the.a.., md, either by the diminutio n o f th e oile, or the inercaseZOt the other, or more probably, by the combitied operation N'bto4.. In the article of Corn, however, .there is one consitteration-fo 'be coostantly borne in mind, iniostinatcrial to enable the and, the country to ‘tmi-ive at sound and safe concluSitros on this importatit subject, nan04y.,...:-.that the price of cton floct4oto3 more.than,that of any ether muunodity of . ex4.ns.ive Onsurnp tion, in proportion to any excess or deficieney iii the. supply, Tito twill. of this .. proposition had rot rscaped . saverabwtitors this subject, end hes been cooftrrned,•by - many of tht• v,itnsttse's , who.)taVe. br.'En f..X. , l.ll2:llC.d.;..althaugh it • tnayle...lo ;44-