The Sun. — London, England, 1844-08-17 00:00:00

h e 0 11 ) " r in t c t for a iloill' _ Wi le VarY le two d woo p °nea% r.'s 0 p n 0 l ac wan/ , • "; a yin len raden svetic l4 to cl ordered a at the s _ o r the Pr o s but ,flue ns, d r iage, arr $ bE d .urt, id No of ba : r toll Lee, Lo g if anYtb L broug-rl tvP r ,4 ga in to Iren t3. , e 7, 684 ' a , _d to pur iag eaelong..o. e hflivin saki los. ',duct of its Eervapt' 3r, was re ; ours, [cry of c our t on ii ~_ Jam" NEW ton. vie that 0_ Dr. Wolf situation cd Teat anxie t ; It appear s ; measure 1' ;aged. r Madame nigny, Cod r officers, relay to the Minot! Ceste, of the colig I of his Me lie Amefie , ?resident d, iosamel, 1 '; Ribeiro, ,iary of P i t ; yana, z gem .t five o'cle,f, nt to NW re" hat day accompans; that con 3o ncient cusw,, a of a haw which (19 0 o introduc e ler Louis , 89. The for the iurrier Fra l t i mpleted n fe. ro ish GOYe descendant, r Power s°:. Ali had g do as they Id be affo rd ` cover, to / lecessarp namenced a had bee( ere tried 1 / ante Saone) by injudt ti ved the 0 1 ' ed then V D ., h, and the/ a, for 1D ?re empll l s Cote do 4 it becam e le ground•. d three if: 4 , anger. 1 " ; NVil pl tes that, ()li _ A ' sent a cleF, e lively i! 1 from whicT, eat advant i F Academ ince de ,4 I an hop" I. Cortiso men, it arrested h Gover e months- 0 i) nces the 9th inst. A ? states thr e he towns th instant , again nle i j 1 the her' ipt linen 8' Di island b e Possessioli% the Bank; [burn Seermanli of rade. Itie on busif o . o Connis'., )n was Or idgmeot 14" er, a bal der' nths. eper at nths. known known 1 0 t o lered to be 18to )ox, at )3 , 1 4 at the p5 O O at each: to fi, r had frs .c? r was cooi l ur. an action a of cost., Chief ins 51. 2s. SCI 5,1/ Nliddlese policenie t ti n• each 11 _2 i was 1. , )TO ing robDeall ds, of a Pu'r said to h0 144 ,# 'd Mayor li k barren an r i o oi , by add di ole nv, and ea ; a inoAr,l/ business ...0 i nd his n o 9 .1 vantage , ~;o r • man le, who 05 0. He w° Two men, named Rowe and Creed, were fined 403. each by the Gravesend Magistrates for " touting." At the Thames Police-court, Cornelius Mahony, coal whipper, 1N brought fore :sir. charge of violently assaulting Charles Cottrell, a turn cock in the employ of the East London Waterworks Company, and Charles Smith, a fireman belonging to the London Fire-brigade Establishment, who is attached to the School-house-lane station, in Ratcliff. It appeared that the prisoner's premises were on fire, and that he had endeavoured, by assaulting the complainants, to pre vent them from extinguishing the flames. He was coin bitted for trial. COUILT-PA.SECIONABLE. This is the birth-day of her Royal Highness the Duchess of Kent, who completes her fifty-eight year. The Duchess will receive the congratulations of her august relatives at Frogmore on the return of the day, and her Royal Highness's tradesmen will, it is expected, illuminate their houses. The Duke of Wellington will give a grand dinner this evening, a t Ap s l e y H ouse , t o hi s Royal High Prince William of Prussia, the foreign corps diplomat'que ' &c. The Aust r i an C oun t A m sperg, accompanied by his son and the preceptor to the youthful Count, arrived at the Clarendon Hotel the day before yesterday from Ger maay. Lord Ravensworth arrived at Ravensworth Castle en Thursday evening. MISCELLANEOUS. The locksmiths of Walsall, Wolverhampton, Willen • hall, and neighbourhood, numbering about 300 persons, have turned out for an advance of five per cent. on their wages. The Earl of Galloway has forwarded the sum of 100 guineas in aid of the fund of the Hospital for Consump tion and Disease of the Chest, at Brompton. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Mathews have signed an en gagement at the Surrey Theatre, where they will appear the second week in September. Baythorne Bridge, which divides the counties of Essex and Suffolk, and which has been in a dangerous state for some time, is now being repaired by the county ; it is to be widened four feet. _ _ The Ceres, from Flushing, has been brought into Kingstown harbour, by the Prince Albert, revenue cruiser, having been captured, after a chase of two hours, off the Leg of Man. She had on board 110 bales of tobacco. It is stated that the captain and some of the crew had escaped in a boat before the capture. The St. Louis Reveille gives an account of the catch ing of two deer in the Mississippi, lately, by the steamer Diana Vernon. They were swimming side by side—the pilot gave chase, and they were soon noosed and hauled on board to feed the passengers on. Accounts from the Moors state that sport there has been excellent and birds plentiful and strong on the wi ng. Colonel Lowther bagged sixteen brace on the 12th of August, and Sir George Musgrave brought down tw enty five brace. In some parts of Kent a great number of Irish reap ers are busily employed in getting in the harvest : last Year scarcely any came over from the sister isle, in con sequence of Mr. O'Connell's vigorous agitation for repeal and repeated summonses to his countrymen to attend his meetings. auft ~.,..GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY.—The Grand Junc tion Company, in announcing a change of trains, add, that " arrangements are in progress for attaching second class carriages to the fast trains, for reducing the fares, and for adding a cheap train for the poorer classes." We rejoice to see this powerful company adopting so liberal a course of policy. We have no doubt whatever that it will benefit them even in a pecuniary point of view.—Railway Record. CAPE or GOOD HOPE, MAY 16, 1844.—The Death o f L a d y D'U r b an l ast year , a t th e Cape of Good "lope, was deeply and sincerely regretted by the people Of that colony, who have erected a public monument to her memory, in St. George's Church, Cape-town, bear ing the following inscription :—" To commemorate the excellence and benevolence which so eminently distin guished the character of Lady D'Llrban, the wife of Lieutenant-General Sir Benjamin D'Urban, G.C.8., &c., late Governor of this colony, this monument of public respect and esteem, as also a school-house for the Female School of Industry at Wy-nberg, founded by Lady D'Ur ban in 1836, and constantly fostered and superintended by her until her decease, have been erected by the inha.- Ibitants of the Cape of Good Hope as the fittest monument of one who, while adorning the high circles of society, unceasingly sought to relieve and educate the poor, and to exemplify the superior virtues and practice of a Christian life. Obit August 23, 1843, ortat sixty-three ears. ' Blessed are they who remember the 'poor. Blessed are they whom the poor remember with a blessing.' " • NEWCASTLE AND GATESHEAD REGATTA. The regatta commences this day (Thursday), and there is e v ery Prospect of i ts b e i ng o f a fi rs t- rate d escr ipti on . T he prizes which the successful competitors are to re re are of a very chaste and costly description, and Workmanship of them has been divided between Messrs, Reid and Messrs. Lister, of this town. A mas sive and beautifully , carved tankard with a moveable lid, , of the value of 10/., is to be awarded to the winner of the skiff race, and eight goblets, value 31. each, of ele gent but varying designs, to the winners of the four and two-oared boat races. These have been manufactured by Messrs. Lister. Reid and Sons have prepared a set of five silver cups, elaborately chased, value 51. each, and a set of sil ver medals, ornamented with the union border (rose, thistl e , and shamrock), to reward the exertions of the gentlemen amateurs who shall compete in the four -oared race. All these prize •gifts bear the inscription, Newcastle and Gateshead Regatta, 1844."—Newcastle Advertiser. EXTENSIVE IMPORTATION OF GROUSE. —Yesterday morning the Dundee, Perth, and London Shipping Com pany's steam-ship Perth, Captain John Spink, arrived at deer moorings off Here's steam packet wharf, Wapping, from Dundee, with a considerable number of passengers and an extensive cargo. She brought upwards of boxes of grouse, whiciz were principally rifled on the Perthshire hills and moors, where the sport is said to be Prosecuted with great success. Most of the boxes were 'directed to members of the nobility at present in town. Very f ew were f or d ea l ers i n game . The steam-ship Duchess of Sutherland, from Inverness, Rapid, from 'Berwick, and Royal Victoria, from Leith, have also Wought large quantities of grouse to the metropolis. ...PROPHET WROE'S ROBBERY.—INNOCENT PARTIES TRA,NSPORTED.—Our readers will remember that about two years ago, the house of Prophet Wroe was broken Into, and a silver watch stolen ; also, that three men, called Benjamin and John Pickersgill and James Rams den, were tried for the robbery at the York As sizes, in August, 1842, and transported for ten years. It now aPPears, however, that the men were in no manner con nected with the robbery, and are perfectly innocent of it. This information has been obtained from James Hudson, new a convict at York Castle, who has made a voluntary , Coilf es inn, sio e nto the g overnor of the castle, by which it ap :Pears th a t t h e robbery was committed by himself and fi ve Other whose names he gives ; he details the pro t...„‘'edings on the night of the robbery , and what was done wit. h. the property. We trust our magistrates will take I ncaoures by which these innocent men w ill be restored . their homes, and their families again made happy.— Wak. "field Journal. Its, LWAY TRAFFIC.—The recipts of twenty Rail 'Way Co.napanies for the last four weeks are, in the ag gregate, greater by upwards of 50,0001 . than those of the corresvonding period of last year.—Railway Record. LOSS OF AdNOTHER WAR STEAMER: Her Majesty's at earner Stromboli, under the command of the Hon. t Iward Plunkett, when on her passage from Cork to the lies in the mouth of' Bantry Bay, on the coast of Kerry. 0 .all appearance she is greatly damaged ; but at pre 'sent .the precise nature of the injury which she has sus t,pued cannot be stated with any degree of certainty. The Tartarus and Hecate steamers, which speedily came lie her ass i stance, have made the greatest e fforts to g et off the reef% but we regret to state without the slightest success. Both these vessels have since been en gaged in landing all her guns and ammunition on ear Island, which is situated near the s hore. In addi -011 to this the entire of her machinery , it is feared, will ~. ts 'uate to be taken out, with great loss of tim e, before she ` 4lll be set afloat. From the total failure of the efforts 1111 ' 'de to ext r icate her, it is the ge neral o p inion amon g , e r‘ lens competent to judge that she is firmly grooved ns r "Z the rocks. of course Captain Plunkett will be brought to a court-martia; for this unfortunate affair. 1. 111: SAFETY BEACON ON THE GOODWIN SANDS.— ‘APtain Bullock will leave Woolwich to day in the new trveying steam-vessel the Porcupine, and proceed to the "'us, for the purpose of making the necessary ar rangements for the erection of his safety beacon (which ~ ii l as run down by a Dutch vessel a short t ime since) on e Good w i n S an d s. It i s expected that every prepara tionfor planting it on the Goodwins will be com p leted ;7 the 28th i nstant., w h en the spring tides will have set Captain B u ll oc k has also received instru ctions from t h . e Lords of the Admiralty to place on the same sands experimentally one of Mr. James S teward's ponderous footed_ beacons, in order that its c a p abilit y to stand the itTin — d and waves may be fairly teste d. u d Ricicor.--MALToN AGAINST LEEDS.—On Mon ay and Tue s d a y l as t, th e second match for t he g rand swe epstakes of 80 sous., was played on the York cricket ground between: two elevens of the Melton and Leeds with Wiisatse which ended jn favour of the latter at one innings, r;eirynotches to spaf,?. The attendance of spectators numerous, and the match created considerable Test amongst the lovers of cric;:eting* MOTHE R OF THE LATE MR. be I RE __au se na, the Irish vocalist, h __ l earned with regret that the mother of the late Mr. BArriai.---It will is in reduced circums!ancews,iitnh quence of the death of her grand-daughter, "'lora the pension settled upon Mr. Banim by Geyer Meat ceased, Sir R. Peel not deeming hirnselfjustified to it to the aut h or ' s mot h er , f or w h o m a public tt "e,„ iption is now b e i ng ma d e i n I re l an d. ,_ 4II E WEATH ER IN F RANCE .—A f r i en d a t Versailles ~u s writes, under date of August 12 :—" The weather !,t,l e this part o f t h e world has been very b roken, an d as the next six weeks will be the time for the grapes ripen ing,_ the people are b ecom i ng a l arme d f or t h e vintage as well as for the harvest generally There is not much corn cut, and that which is cut is mostly . lying under the rain eTold."—D leeked. A great deal of rain has fallen I..:2:re—in short,is it is constantly coming down, and the atmosphere uldin Evening Post. _ jj : P ni ROVE . MENT IN RAILWAY PROPERTY.---The itn pt , e'c e ent in the market price of shares within the last two months has been upwards of 60 per cent. Some Ile shares have improved in a much higher ratio. Thus th e Bi rm i ngham and G l oucester h ave r i sen about 11 0 pes' cent, th e Sheffield and Manchester 140, and the Preston nand Wyre 160 per cent.—Railway Record. A CLEvOR BO Y .—A farmer's wife, in speaking of the smartness, aptness, and intelligence of her son, a lad six years old, to ;.% lady acquaintance, said, «He can read n ci aently in any part of the Bible, repeat the whole Cate and weed onions as well as his father." " Yes, mother," a dd e d t h e young h o p e ful, " and yesterd a y I _ .. 111 !.ed Ned R awson , th r o w ed the cat into the well, and 'stole old Hinckley's gimlet."—American Paper. LITERAT (IRE. H. 4 D 'S DICTIONARY OF DATES'. No.zon, London, 1844. ti e author," says 1.. Hadyn in his preface, " has been, to attempt the compression of the greatest body of general information that has ever appeared in a single volume, and to produce a book of reference whose extensive usefulness may render its possession material to every individual, in the same manner that a London Directory is indispensable, on business affairs, to a London merchant." This object —a most difficult one—the author has successfully accomplished; his volume contains upwards of four teen thousand articles, alphabetically arranged for the greater convenience of reference, on 41most every sub ject that can present itself to the reader's mind, com prehending every rctn'irkable occurrence, ancient and modern, the foundation,' laws, and government of countries, theirlirogress in civilisation, induStry, and science, their a'ehievements in arms, the political and social transactions .of the British empire, its civil, military and religious institutions, together with co pious details respecting the origin and advance of human arts and inventions. A work thus varied in the nature, and extensive in the range of its informa tion, must thereby have been of slow growth, and tasked Mr. Haydn's utmost industry, more espe cially as there is no confusion or mismanagement per ceptible in it, every article being duly ranged under its fitting head, and found without the slightest dif ficulty, which is not always the case in productions of this miscellaneous character, Altogether, the " Dictionary of Dates" may be regarded as a work sui generis, and is specially adapted as a companion to all biographical memoirs " relating as it does"— to quote the author's own apt terms—" to things, as those do to persons, and affording information not in cluded in the range or design of such publications." THE WEEKLY VOLUME.—Pait VI. C. Knight, London, 1844. The present Part of this weekly miscellany forms the first volume of a republication, in a small duodecimo shape, of Mr. Davis's well-known work on China, which was brought out some eix or eight years since, and acquired no ordinary share of popularity. It is proposed to complete the republication in three cheap neatly printed volumes, of which the one be fore us is a very favourable specimen, being illus trated—in addition to its other recommendations—by not less than twelve skilful and appropriate wood-en gravings. If the " Weekly Volume" continue to be devoted to the republication of such sterling works of information as Davis's " China," it can scarcely fail to become as great a favourite with the reading com munity as was the late Mr. Murray's " Family Li brary.' A WINTER IN ITALY. 2 Vols. Colburn, London, 1844. Mrs. Ashton Yates, to whom we are indebted for this work, wields the pen of a ready writer. Within the last ten or a dozen years, we have read scores of accounts of visits to Italy, but we know not that we have read any which have occasioned us more amusement than the one before us. The authoress is by no means a profound or subtle observer ; she rarely, if ever, pierces below the surface; but her remarks are uniformly entertaining, and her descrip tions, trite as are the themes on which she expatiates, have the charm of ease and liveliness. During the winter which she spent in Italy she seems to have been constantly busting about, making the best use of her eyes and ears on every occasion, and missing nothing that was at all worthy of notice. She visited in succession almost every Italian town and city of any note ' • and even penetrated into the mountains of the Tyrol, whose magnificent scenery she pourtrays in animated terms, and at the same time takes the opportunity of giving her readers a few interesting particulars respecting the Tyrolese patriots, Hofer and Speckbacher, the former of whom was shot in 1809 by order of Napoleon, for no worse crime than that of defending his native country from the tyranny of Bavaria, to whom the French Emperor had made it over as a sort of Imperial gift to his ally. But de cidedly the most agreeable portions of Mrs. Ashton Yates's volumes are those which are devoted to Venice —a city which, as might be expected, greatly took her fancy, and whose various public buildings, together with the manners of its inhabitants, she describes with the most circumstantial minuteness. While residing at Rome, which appears to have been still more to her taste than even Venice, she was honoured with an interview by the, Pope, of which she thus states the particulars : " Our acquaintance with a young clergyman, who had some interest among the Cardinals, obtained for us the honour of an interview with the Pope. We were a party of about twelve, and on being told that we were all English, he dispensed with our bending the knee, or showing him any mark of homage to which our stiff necked, stiff-limbed people are unaccustomed. Horace Walpole, it is said, on being presented, drew back, loth to pay the tribute of respect good Catholics were doing to the slipper, which the Pope perceiving, kindly addressed him—" My son, don't be afraid of showing respect to an old man." We, not being called on to pay any such implied homage, placed ouselves at once in a circle around his Holiness. He was plainly habited in a loose white cloth robe, made like a dressing gown ; his slippers only were ornamented, being com posed of crimson and gold ; he is an animated, benevo lent-looking old gentleman of about seventy years of age. One of his Bishops, an Englishman, stood near (the Pope was himself standing, leaning his back against a table). We had been informed that we might speak either Italian or French as we pleased, though his Holi ness would confine himself to the former language, in which he converses most easily. " On his being told somewhat of the different pur suits and avocations of the gentlemen, he addressed a fine intelligent-looking young man who had travelled extensively with his tutor, but is, alas' deaf and dumb, so that no reply could he make. The Pope then turned to a naval captain of great stature, and altogether gigan tic proportions (a fit representative of the man-of-war he commands), who was, unfortunately, quite unconscious of the encomiums bestowed upon our navy. Although admirably well fitted to make a cannon- reply to the thunders of the Vatican, had such assailed him, his ig norance of the Continental languages rendered him dumb also. "A gentleman of our immediate party, who speaks Ita lian fluently, took up the subject, and did it full justice, for whatever Englishmen may be called, Liberal or Con servatives, they are equally proud of England, more especially when in a foreign land ; and though they sometimes cavil at, and complain of, affairs at home, yet let their country be' named by the stranger's lips, and they instantly find their warmest affections called forth, and her honour and their own identified. " The Pope afterwards asked the ladies various questions as to how they liked Italy, and other matters. One of them, whose good animal spirits were rather en livened than repressed by the novelty of the situation, replied, and caused him to smile so graciously, that I almost fancy, had the offer been made, she was prepared to accept his arm and take a turn with him in the ad joining garden, when his cap and cloak were brought for the purpose of his going there. But he only bowed, and went through a glass door, to pursue his solitary walk amongst fine beds of flowers, which perhaps compensate him in some degree for being denied the agremens of female conversation, excepting on the most limited scale. " No other sovereigns lead so solitary and cheerless a life as do the Popes ; they never walk out beyond their gardens, never ride on horseback, invariably dine alone, and, worse than all, they see no ladies, mingling in the grave society of churchmen with whom they associate, except in cases of formal introductions, such as I have described. This ascetic mode of life, I believe, was en joined by the Council of Trent, in order to preserve the Papal character from the reproaches to which it had been liable from the free manner of living of some such Popes as Leo X., who hunted and enjoyed, without distinction, the good fellowship, to say the least, of ordinary persons. Most certainly, though the manner of living adopted afterwards by the Popes appears unnecessarily strict, and too far removed from wholesome and allowable gra tifications, still it must be admitted that the habitual self-denial they severally practise, adds much to their dignity and,respectability. CALEDOSTAN ASYLUM. -- We are extremely re joiced to perceive that the London Seceders have re ceived another practical illustration of their insignifi cance in the They were, on a recent occasion, more thoroughly defeated than before on the election of a chaplain for the Scottish Hospital, when the spectacle of the presence of so many of the friends of the Church prevented them from even proposing Mr. Hamilton, a bitter and violent free secession minister, and Mr. Cum ming was elected by an utterly overwhelming majority to the chaplaincy of the Scottish Hospital. On the oc casion to which we refer at present—viz., the meeting of the friends and supporters of the Caledonian Asylum, to consider certain secret innovations on the constitution and connexion of that institution, which a majority of free secession directors had stealthily and discreditably introduced, they were again defeated, and their low and discreditable tricks were so thoroughly and so quietly laid bare by the Duke of Buccleuch, that any one except Mr. P. Stewart, Mr. Nisbet, and the author of " Fare- well to Egypt," would have blushed. This general cOrt, of which we have given a report, has decided that Free secession Presbyterianism, which in England has resulted in Socinianism, and may soon do so again, shall not deteriorate and defile a great national charity. The cunning pretexts of the Seceders on this occasion were really disgraceful, and only disregarded as they are known to be in full accordance with the standard policy of that faction. It must, however, be remembered, that the resolution passed on Monday, the sth of August, re quires confirmation by the court which metson__Trehurs day, the sth of Septemb er ; and as the Free P sby + —is in London will beat up their last man, and try to yen._ mal who new i ; essential t:r e s t e h n a t t c al o l n t n h e e x i f o ri n en th o f 1 1 11 1 e charity, e • .14 a mear on that Established Church of Scotland, sno,..— „„ day, and by their resolution give the free-direevn. opportunity of mending their manners, or, if they have any respect for consistency, of retiring from an institu& tion which they have so flagrantly tried to corrupt.— . Scottish Record. TURN-OUT OF LOCKSMITRS.—The locksmiths of Walsall, Wolverhampton, Willenhall, and neighbour hood, numbering about 300 persons, have turned out for an advance of 5 per cent. on their wages. The prices paid to this class of persons are exceedingly low ; many of them having large families, being compelled to work 14 or 16 hours per day for los. per week. r • E SUN, LONDON, SATURDAY, E,VENING, AUGUST 17, 1 DEPARTURE OF ROBERT OWEN affection, is in your case no subject of anxiety. But 'if fortune can be i n fl uence d b y our h o pes, you will not only reach them in safety, but return in health to witness the realisation of those plans of human progression with which the name of Robert Owen will, through future time, be associated. GEORGE JACOB HOLYOAKE. MALTUS QUZSTALL RYALL. Mr. Owen replied at considerable length to these addresses, in topics principally relating to the policy and general affairs of the Socialist body, and gave earnest advice as to the manner in which they should be conducted during his absence from England, which he stated would be from eight to nine months. Several leading members of the Society also ad dressed the meeting, and after a sitting of nearly four hours, the meeting, which exhibited in the most un equivocal manner the esteem and strong affection in which Mr. Owen is held by his disciples, separated, highly satisfied with the proceedings of the morning. FOR AMERICA. Lint Sunday morning the Socia'ists of London gave their leader, Mr. Robert Owen, a public break fast, in the hall of the Literary and Scientific Insti tution, John-street, Tottenham-court-road, in anti cipation of his approaching departure to the United States of North America, on a visit to his family. Upwards of 350 persons sat down to breakfast, and at least 200 more, who could not be accommodated at the tables, witnessed the proceedings from the gal leries. The following addresses were presented to Mr. Owen, by different sections of his disciples : ADDRESS TO MR. ROBERT OWEN FROM BRANCH A I OF THE RATIONAL SOCIETY. Revered and beloved Sir,—The President, council, members, and candidates of Branch A 1 of the Rational Society, take occasion, from the announce ment of your intended voyage to the United States, to give public expression to the respect and affection with which they regard you as an individual, and of their devotion to those principles of which you have been the unwearied and consistent propounder. These principles preclude the ascription of merit or demerit, praise or blame, to individuals, but it is at the same time instinctive in humanity to love and reverence goodness and greatness; hence these are our feelings towards you. Your long life has been an undeviating exhibition of the purest benevolence, the most generous disinterestedness. Your faculties, fortune, and time, have been entirely devoted to the task of regenerating society, and thereby reforming the human character, so that in thought, word, and act, all might at all times be guided by the dictates of reason, and manifest that comprehensive charity which is the inevitable deduction from the first prin ciples of the rational system of society. A change so great—so radical—in man and his in stitutions, based upon principles so demonstrable and consistent, has never before been propounded to the world. At the commencement of your labours you stood alone—now your disciples are to be found in all countries and climes—the impress of your mind is visible in every direction, and time, as it rolls on, will only the more evidence the depth and extent f the influence which you have exerted over this and com ing ages. Every improvement in our literature— every attempt at improved social and educational in stitutions—every effort to apply the theories of mo dern science to the multiplication of the material means of happiness, is but aiding, directly or indi rectly, the great social revolution you have ori ginated. This is a great work to have accomplished in one lifetime ; it is the best return you could possi bly have for your labours ; and we may be permitted to rejoice with you in the contemplation of past efforts, in the exultation over hopes for the future. We had hoped that, at your advanced period of life, you would tranquilly and usefully, as usual, have passed the evening of your days among us, with out exposing yourself to the risks of such a long voyage and journey as that you are about to under take. You are, however, the property of no parti cular country or nation. The friend of mankind, your mission is to reconstruct society, and to so form the human character everywhere, " That man to man, the world o'er, Shall brothers be." _ TIIE LEAGUE and ITS ADVISERS. Sundry parties have been seized with a mania for giving counsel to the Anti-Corn-law League. This is very courteous of them, especially as no advice has been called in, and no fee been tendered. The great Peel principle is thus violated ; for we all remember the Tamworth doctrine, that for the physician to prescribe before he is feed, amounts to arrant " quackery." Nor is the League convinced, by such testimony as has been offered, of its own failing health and energy. We believe ourselves to be as vigorous as ever, and moving onwards, with firm and steady pace, to the accomplishment of our object. The vo lunteer doctors of the League must first demonstrate its disease. The pilots of party should have waited for the signal slag of distress before they put out so • hastily, some from a Whig, and others from a Tory port, to assume the guidance of the good ship, and tow her like a wreck out of the reach of storms. We Will not, however, be so unthankful to our admo nishers as utterly to neglect their counsels. They shall each he heard in turn ; and, first, the Morning Chronicle, as hoisting, in its professions, the broadest flag of friendliness. The leading article of the Chronicle, on Saturday, the 10th instant, commences with what it terms a frank confession of inability to comprehend the policy of the League "in sending candidates for the mere pur pose of experiencing a certain defeat at elections." The Dudley contest only served, as our Contemporary thinks, to expose the nakedness of the land, and make apparent the fact, which might not otherwise have been so clear, how " completely in a minority" were the conscientious free traders of that constituency. Now, if the leaders of the League had any parti cular apprehension about being " completely in a mi nority," the Anti-Corn-law agitation would never have been commenced and continued; nor any other movement for obtaining justice from a predominant class interest. It was the very fact of being in a mi nority that rendered agitation necessary, and that requires its continuance. To transform an electoral and, through that, a representative minority into a majority, is the very end and aim of our exertions. We shall not accomplish that by false appearances. To acquire a fictitious prestige by only fighting when sure of winning may be clever tactics for a faction, but is not the simple course of honest men working out an honest purpose. Our defeats are the seeds of future victory. They excite local discussion. They of the subject, more en lightened increased p ea ri s n e n d in men's minds. They leave the conviction of truth and justice, which, with deference to our counsellor, we hold to be a more efficient thing than "the repu iple, knowledge and dst stimulated repu tation of power" founded upon the dexterous avoid ance of collision. To ascertain, by actual experiment, the fact, as to such a constituency as that of Dudley, is a portion of the pledge under which the League has laid itself to the public. Its course of operation, distinctly marked out, and not that we remember condemned by the Chronicle when promulgated, is to appeal to the constituencies of the kingdom on the free-trade question. Into that court the cause was carried, when petitions to Parliament were abandoned. Now, such a town as Dudley, by the occupations of its inhabitants, the amount of its population (which is about 30,000), and the numb er (60 0 ) o f it s regis tered electors, is fairly marked out for a voice in the verdict asked for by the League from the elec tors. We cannot pass it by. We desire not to blink the truth. Is Dudley for trade or for mono poly ? Let the world know its answer. The League is bound to put the question. For the character of the reply, the Dudley constituency is responsible. That reply may not accord with public opinion ; it may have nullified the voices and crushed the wishes of their non-voting neighbours, as expressed on the day of nomination but that is the business of the Dudley electors. They have their consolations—they have pleased Lord Ward; and we wish them joy of their bargain. Those who are toiling for truth and justice through out the country, should see what they have to con tend with. The full extent of difficulty and obstacle should be before them. Not only should they be aware of the sixty or seventy close boroughs, com pletely under aristocratical and monopolist control ; as entirely nomination boroughs, as any that existed in the days of Gatton and Old Sarum ; but they must also be made to perceive the amount of un due influence over the larger constituencies, the wide-spreading malignity of corruption and intimi dation, the gross ignorance in some cases, and the base unprincipledness and spontaneous servility in others, of the electoral system ; and the ever-di3- turbing power of party spirit. Instead of forgetting, palliating, or glossing over such elections as those of Dudley, and yet more, o f Bi rm i ng ham and South Lancashire, we Would fix the gaze of the public upon them; just as we lead a startled horse up to the object that annoyed him, and walk him round and round, till he recovers the alarm. In these chapters of defeat, free-traders find the texts of their work and duties. It has long been understood and pro claimed that our agitation involves an electoral puri fication, the raising of voters' minds to a better con ception of the sacredness of their trust, a diffusion of knowledge and principle amongst those with whom political power is deposited ; and who could ever dream of achieving this task without encounter ing, again and again, the I risk of being left at the poll " completely in the minority ?" And who would not brave this while the corrective fact remains unquestionable, that we never are so left in a minority at a fair open meeting of the people, whether of a borough or of a county? The obvious truth is, that the Chronicle fears we are damaging the Whigs by these contests. It wants to sink the League into a section of the Whig party, not " inclined to pursue its own particular object, without co-operation with others." But the League is so inclined. It exists • for that very purpose. A Whig may be " an op en enemy of our cause," not less than a Tory, Whether Ministry is to be a "turned out of, or maintained in, office on one single question," is no concern of ours. The adoption, by whomsoever the country may be governed, of a dis tinct principle and policy, in commercial matters, is our object. In causing should th e defeat, we chance to cause it, of that curious • • 1 anima a monopolist Li beral, we lose no friend. Nor' is • it true, as the Chronicle insinuates,that the thrust candidates forward to the inj • ury of those who were partially with us, as opposed to candidates who were entirely against us. IN either at Hastings, nor at Exeter, did the free-trade candi date prevent " any other kind of Liberal candidate" from offering himself, and t • • aseer aming his better chance of success, if such chance existed. The field was perfectly open. The Whigs ran away, and we fought. It is rather too much for them now to cry out that their glorious victory was obstructed by our not running away also. The article on which we were commenting is not very erroneously estimated in the assurance of another of our counsellers, the Morning Herald, that "the Chronicle backs its friends of the League in a style more hostile than we (to abuse whom meetings have been expressly called), have ever adopted." When and where these meetings were held is not specified by our venerable Contemporary. Of course they have been reported in the journal interested : but that ensures no very large publicity. How large, or how limited, the friends of "the speculation" in office seem averse to letting the world know, as we are not to be favoured in future with the usual stamp returns, indicating the number of stamps bought (whether used or not) by the different However, the fact newspapers.certainly is, as the Herald confesses, that the mere " mention" of itself, and " such newspapers is generally very "productive of merriment in the intelligent audience at Covent garden," and we may add, in any other intelligent audience throughout the country. But our most solicitous counsellor is —who would believe it ?—the Agricultural Protection Society, " Richmond, President." A circular from this for midable body, with the above au gus t signature, de scribes the League to be in a " f ear f u l state, and one requiring the greatest skill to remedy." Such kind ness, from such a quarter, quite melts us. We must take till next week to show our gratitude. We trust we are not beyond the skill which can grace the Duke's name with a prize for a thoroughbred stallion from the judges of the Royal Agricultural society by a "roarer" to which his steward after wards confesses ownership. To return to the Morning Chronicle. The writer wishes us to be one with the Whigs, both in our object and in the means adopted for its attainment. That object would then become such as he states it; the practical result to be, " the transferring political power from the aristocratic faction now predominant to more liberal statesmen," i, e., Lord J. Russell and his colleagues. Now, for making this the object of the League, the writer has no better warrant than his own wishes, in defiance of repeated declarations to the contrary. On such ground we should confess the League at fault most grievously. And the admis- It appears to you necessary, in the performance of the duties of this mission, that you should visit Ame rica; we feel too deeply interested in its fulfilment, to speak of regret at your decision. The individual pleasure arising from having you among us must give way to the general benefit. We are, however, encouraged to hope that you will, if life and health be spared, return to us next spring ; and fervently shall we welcome you back to your rightful position of Patriarch to our Society—gladly renew that intercourse with you, which is to us so invaluable. _ _ In your absence we will do the best that our ex perience and means will permit, to promote the spread and influence of the benign principles of which we are the disciples ; and we cherish the hope, that ere many months have elapsed, we shall meet again under even more favourable circumstances than the present. Your appearance among the Social Reformers of the United States at this period will, we trust, be pro ductive of great benefit, and give an increased impe tus to the rapid and wide spread social movements now going on in that Republic. We trust, also, that during your absence, you will have ample opportunities of conferring with those at the head of its affairs, and of impressing them with a sense of the momentous and important nature of your views in the present excited and unsatisfactory state of the world. May that happiness which it has been the labour of your life to bestow on others, continue to be richly enjoyed by you wherever you may be; and may we speedily again enjoy the pleasure of seeing you among us. ROBERT CLARKE, President. ADDRESS TO MR. ROBERT OWEN FROM THE UTILITARIAN ASSOCIATION. Respected Sir,—Permit the members of the Utili tarian Association to join with their fellow members of the Rational Society in expressing their hopes, fears, and good wishes, concerning yourself and the benevolent work you have in hand. We feel we would be guilty of ingratitude towards you, and unjust to our own feelings, were we to allow the present opportunity, perhaps the last in our lives of addressing you, to pass unheeded. We regret that England is not prepared to test by practice the truth of the principles and plans you have so ably developed, and unceasingly taught, during a long and useful life; but hope that the country you are going to may give the everlasting truths of which you are the bearer a more attentive hearing, and means more commensurate to the speedy and successful reduction of them to practice than has been given to them in the land you are leaving. When we reflect upon the almost superhuman efforts you have made to awaken this country to a sense of the dangers of longer continuing the present chaotic state of things on the one hand, and to an appreciation of the beauty, truth, and consequent sim plicity, of the system of society of which you are the founder on the other, we feel that England's best friend is leaving her shbres, and are strongly reminded of the beautiful yet mournful words of Jesus, the re former, when he exclaimed—" Oh ! Jerusalem, Jerusalem, how often would I have gathered your children together, even as a hen gathereth her chickens under her wings, and you would not." While, for England's sake, we regret your de parture, yet have we reason to rejoice that the country you are going to is the one we have chosen for our future home ; and although we may never meet, there will be some consolation in knowing that we are co-labourers in the land that is destined to lead the nations of the earth, by her example, to the adoption of the rational system of society. In conclusion, respected friend, we wish you a safe and comfortable voyage across the Atlantic, and a hearty welcome to the Republic, and hope, ere long, to be able to invite you to our home in the West; but should we, by the unrelenting decree of nature, be denied that pleasure, may you live as long as ex istence shall be pleasurable, and no longer, is the sincere desire of the members of the Unitarian Asso ciation.—Signed on their half, T. be C. SMITH, Chairman. ADDRESS TO ROBERT OWEN, ESQ., ON HIS DEPARTURE TO AMERICA, FROM THE CON DUCTORS OF THE " MOVEMENT." The persons whose names are appended to this ad dress, may be taken as representing a party, who, though belonging to the Society of which you are the acknowledged head, are considered somewhat in the light of dissentients; for this reason, they have sought this opportunity of assuring you that what ever may be their difference of opinion, there is no difference in the affection they bear you. In you they recognise the benevolent sculptor, who, out of the mis• shapen block of society, had hewn the beautiful and breathing statue of co-ope rative humanity. A moral Euclid, you have done for society what that mathematician did for geometry —collected the scattered wisdom of earth's sages, and given to it order, system, and practical utility. Other philosophers had pointed to what should be done—it remained for Robert Owen to propose to do it. For half a century humanity has known you as its friend. In both hemispheres you have borne witness against sectarian error, and in the retreats of grandeur and the humble haunts of poverty, you have gone, like the herald of happiness, and pointed to the equality of mankind. By your writings wealth has been taught its true office, and enslaved industry the means of emancipation ; human nature has been made the popular study of the multitude, and thought, both in the Old World and the New, has received a lasting impetus. On all these accounts we naturally congratulate you, because, in whatever adds to the independence of hu manity, perhaps, more than other men, we are deeply interested. As recipients of those great metaphysical truths, which you have been instrumental in disseminating to the world, we are your debtors. That it is our good fortune to seek the fabled blessings of religion only in the practice of morality, and to anticipate the pleasurescience,a m having Iptlew. 0 l iu w vllt etdeodr is,be bw efiitattorhrhs within nmroetfhuo• testimony owing impugn ngs, sphere thtnhoeoertyehotloiuoegfrshsyit philosophyont u s ue t rr r uidncut advantagesti uyoenn than bne both ourexo -f guardianship of a providence in the triumphs of e your ess a ry writingsto excuseand your ourselveslife,forw ere having,eto o deem n som some ttphne r- ,,- I _csented from yourself. Your usefulness ticulars, has emanated froth !ii",,lependence of thought, and to respect individuality of sentiment is the proud cha racteristic of Socialism. To have broken in the blindness and bigotry of the age, and stimulated a na tion to practical and liberal thinking, will ever be reckoned among your most honourable triumphs. It is not necessary that we wish that your visit to your family, to whom we desire our regards, may be a happy one. Whatever pertains to the province of sion would establish a charge of unprincipledness and rised to except by this Act,ll and that the same is avail deception against its leaders which the whole his- I able for the benefit of his creditors. tory of the agitation rebukes and repels. The writer §That your petitioner submits to this honourable knows better. Ile is aware that what he assumes Court the proposal for the payment of his debts con to be our end is only his own. He complains of tamed in the said schedule. f hat -our petitioner is ready and willing to be exa mined "erroneous impression" of the l ea d ers o f the mined fro time to time touching his estate and effects, League " that they are going to carry a ll b e f ore them, merely by the strength of their own and to make a full and true disclosure and discovery of great principle." Why, then, should he affect to the same. Your petitioner, therefore, prays such relief try their conduct by his own little principle ? Why in the premises as by the statutes now in force urge the objection that might equally have been for relief of insolvent debtors, may be adjudged made to Clarkson in his warfare against the slave by this Honourable Court. trade, and to the Parliamentary Reformers anterior to And your petitioner shall ever pray, &c. &c. Signed d by the said petitioner on the 1829 ? Why treat the assertion of a principle, as if it were only a trick of party policy ? And why mis- 184 ,in the pre lace of o state some facts, and suppress others, to drive free , attorney or agent in the traders into the ranks of Whiggery by the penalty of matter of the said petition. being deemed impracticables ? A writer who as- Any friend who takes charge of the petition may be sumes to be so well informed about Hastings and the agent and sign as a witness. Exeter should also be aware of the mode in which - • -- m ost of the late vacancies have occurred, and of the previous arrangements between the retiring and succeeding parties. The monopolists, as at Devizes, Cirencester, Dudley, &c., have chosen their own opportunity. Yet our " friend" makes the most of defeat, just to submit the charge of wrong headedness if we do not consult the policy of the Whigs. And there is also a practical mis representation in his mode of isolating the League from the constituencies in which these gallant, though unsucceszful, efforts were made. Why, they, these minorities, are the League too, as much as those of us who, being its members, live and vote in London or in Manchester. They profess its principles, aid its funds, and teach its doctrines. Where has the League fought an electoral battle but as the ally of its own members upon the spot ? Where has it not left them the initiative? Where has it not deferred to their opinion, when decidedly opposed to putting a candidate in nomination? Is it then for the Chronicle, or for any party journal, whether Whig or Tory, to revive the calumny and cant of last October, and talk of "strangers whose homes are in Lan cashire ?" We thought the citizens of London had abolished that nonsense for ever. The Chronicle pro fesses to desire our " complete success." Let it help, then, not by striving to link us to the fallen fortunes of a beaten party, but by advocating principle para mount to all party ; and secure of eventual success, not by dexterity and mystification, but by the inevit able though progressive enlightenment and determi nation of pnblic opinion.—The League. (A. No. 2.) AFFIDAVIT VERIFYING PETITION AND SCHEDULE. In the Court of Bankruptcy, London. In the District Court of Bankruptcy. A. B. of the petitiouer named in the petition hereunto annexed, [if the petitioner affirm, alter accordingly], maketh oath and saith, that the several allegations in the said petition, and the several matters contained in the schedule hereunto an nexed, are true. Sworn, &elf. * Insert at full length the name, address, and quality of the petitioner, and also the description of the trade or busi ness, or (if more than one) trades or businesses, which he carries or has carried on during his twelve months' residence within the district of the Court. t If a trader strike out the word " not," and add after the word "bankrupts" the word, "but owing debts, amounting in the whole to less than 3001." $ Insert the places and periods of residence. 11 He is allowed to except clothes and tools to the value of 201. § Omit this paragraph if no special proposal. IL It may be sworn before a Master Extraordinary. NOTE.—The Commissioners of the Bankruptcy Court, and of the District Courts are bound, in the discharge of their duty, to be at all times ready to receive petitions and grant protecting and liberating orders. No vacation can dispense with this imperative duty. If one is absent for any cause another must be on the spot. s U N 1 111 r. LESLIE te E said that x„ t t u d go on with his statement. The CHAIRMAN would °IA cV the Hon. Commissioner. If h twits. in ler tood rightly, he averred that th e a rtii - com mitted on the public. Was 114 Xt491%giltfiEfroCillaed up with that fraud? Mr. LESLIE had told that Court over and over again that a fraud had been committed somewhere, and that the only names - ➢Sr. Leslie was interrupted by Mr. BROUGHTON. who said he could see no object in continuing the discussion. He would intreat Mr. Leslie either to admit that the Chairman was no party to a fraud, or at once enter a notice upon the paper, and have the subject thoroughly investigated on a future day. After a stormy discussion, during which several reso lutions were put, but which either fell to the ground for want of seconders, or were afterwards withdrawn, the Chairman, with the sanction of the Court, vacated the chair, and Mr. Broughton was elected to that office pro tern. Mr. LESLIE again made an attempt to be heard, but was interrupted, and after a scene of indescribable con fusion, which lasted for a considerable time, It was at last moved by Mr. WlLLoucllnY, and seconded by Mr. J. WHITE—" That that Court still had unbounded confidence in their Chairman, Thomas Lever ton Donaldson." After some desultory discussion the resolution was put from the chair, and carried unanimously. The Court was then declared adjourned. FRANCE AND MOROCCO. FROM THE MORNING PAPERS OF THIS DAT. TIMES.—The news of the bombardment of Tan gier by the Prince de Joinville will cause some ex citement in this country, especially under the present somewhat ticklish relations in which we stand to France. There is not, however, on examination, m uc h to create apprehensions in this fact. It appears that the Emperor of Morocco has for some time past been constantly allowing his territories to become the re ceptacle of Ahd-el-Kader and his bands. Abd-el- Kader makes irruptions into Algeria, burns, pillages, and devastates ; and then, when the French forces come up to him, retreats into the territory of Mo rocco. The French retire ; the chieftain remains upon the borders, watches their departure ; and when it suits him, out he sallies again, and commits his depredationa. The Emperor of Morocco is a quiet man, and indisposed enough to hostilities in his own person. Any warlike chieftain, however, who will take the trouble off his hands, and give the French intruders a dressing, he is ready to patronise. And Abd-el-Kader only does what the Emperor himself, if he had the spirit, would like to do, and so meets with this tacit encouragement. This conduct on the part of the Emperor has been remonstrated against by the French ; and the demand made of him from that quarter, either not to admit Abd-el-Kader into his do minions at all, or, if he did, to keep him away from the border, and prevent him from being in a situation to make these hostile sallies, seems reasonable enough. It was considered a fair one by the British Government, and Mr. Drummond Hay ws dispatched to act as mediator, and if possible bring about an accommoda tion. It was thought at one time that this had been effected, but the negotiations appear to have broken off. In this state of things the Prince de Joinville gave out his intentions of bombarding some town on the Moorish coast, and forcing the Emperor to come to terms ? and Tangier has been bombarded accord ingly. In all this there is not much that we see to alarm our national jealousies. France and Morocco are two independent Powers, and may fight if they please without being subject to our interference. The Prince de Joinville delayed his bombardment a fortnight, in order to give time to the British and European residents in the town to withdraw them selves and their property into a place of safety. And although the actual time when the bombardment commenced was not communicated to Sir Edward Owen, it was known that the Prince was only wait ing for a decisive answer from the Court of Morocco, and that when that answer came he would com mence hostilities. The only cause of complaint perhaps worth noticing is the fact that the Journal des Debats, the organ of the French Government, gave a sort of promise some time ago that Tangier, as being a semi-European town, would not be se lected for the bomhardment. The selection of this place has doubtless caused great inconvenience to the foreign residents there, the majority of whom are British, but the attack was purposely deferred until all these were out of danger, and even then the quarter they inhabited was spared. John Bull is apt to be horrified at hearing any other shot fired in the Mediterranean but his own. Still there is not much to alarm him here, so far as present signs go. It is the duty, however, unquestionably of this country to be on the alert on these occasions, to see that no un fair advantage is taken, and that France does not con vert a piece of fair retaliation into a means of aggres sion and conquest. Attacks like the present have be fore now ended in the complete occupation of a coun try by a foreign Power ; and the French are probably not so entirely satisfied with the advantages they have derived from their possession of Algeria, but that they would be well content to have a slice of Morocco in addition. This cannot be submitted to. The French navy has been on the increase now for some time, and the activity and spirit of the nation has perhaps at tached itself to that department now more than it has ever yet done. We should not, we have all along said, be sorry to see a little more activity shown in the same direction among ourselves, and a considerable rein forcement equipped at sea. The fleet is at present hardly worthy of our maritime supremacy, and cer tainly insufficient to maintain it. HERALD.—The vigilant activity of our Paris Correspondent enabled us to communicate yesterday, in a very early second edition, the fact of the bom bardment of Tangier by the Prince de Joinville's squadron. At present we have nothing before us upon which to reason except this naked fact. That fact is, however, an important one, because it proves that France has, in good earnest, commenced a war, from which she cannot now honourably retire without obtaining concessions, which as yet the obstinate Go vernment of Morocco has shown no disposition to yield; but a war which, if prosecuted to its probable results, can scarcely be regarded w ith i n diff erence by any of the Great Powers of Europe, least of all by this country. Meanwhile it is no more than justice claims, to acknowledge that the act of agg ress i on h as been forced upon the Government of France by the infatuated stubbornness of the Moors. CHRONICLE.—The first blow has been struck in a new contest. France and Morocco are already at war, and the news of a bombardment at Tangiers will arouse the attention of many to the state of our foreign relations, who, so long as peace remained un broken, might have been content to leave the subject to Lord Aberdeen and the Cabinet. At such a time, the sentiments recently expressed by a man of Lord John Russell's sagacity acquire a new title to consideration. The views contained in his last speech, of our relations with France, were those of a pacific but intrepid statesman. They stand in marked contrast to the feeble course pursued by the Foreign-office, and indicate the true mode, and, in our judgment, the only mode, by which peace between England and France can ae maintained. Nothing could be less embarrassing to an honest Government, which wielded with firm hands the destinies of Eng land, than the speech of the Noble Lord. There was not a particle of faction. What effect this speech may have produced on the public mind in France we cannot yet say; but when a statesman so averse from war, so temperate and fair in all his views of the re lations of one country with another, has spoken out, as Lord John Russell did the other evening, Lord Aber deen should take from it an assurance of the cordial support of all parties here in his demands of adequate reparation for the injury which- has been inflicted on Mr. Pritchard, and adequate security that, in their pro ceedings against Morocco, the French will no+ conver t due chastisement for injuries into undue "grandise ?heirment ; or, under the guise of vindicating terri tories from outrage, place themsr ives in a position to exercise an influence, other mariti me St a t es can never acquiesce, n in wth ti l;;:southern coasts of the Mediterranean. It t, well that thi s d e t erm i na ti on should There is no u se i n am bi gu iti es . a a a lo r n w i ei. t. I '-r was i ranean as not made for Marseilles and France be pp ope and America The Ninvho irce hands than one. ll ques tion bet ween t h e two nations a ie a n noble must separ,estehreveshoirnesfaorf the thatc oast the of Africa will be b roug h t to a satisfactoryTestill hopeon solution. It is for the interest of both countries that such should be the case. No persons can wish less for war, or wish more for peace, than we do; but there is one thing worse than war, and one thing for which no peace can com pensate a people; and that is, loss of honour. France is strong and powerful: not stronger or more powerful than ourselves ; but strong enough to know how strong we are, and powerful enough to feel that British power is not inferior to hers. The cardinal error of Sir R. Peel is to consider M. Guizot the only possible French Minister. The latter is his own double at the Tuileries. It has be come a sort of habit with our Premier to consider himself indispensable, but not much more so than M. Guizot. Whether M. Guizot returns the compli ment we cannot say, but nothing can lead to worse results than these international flirtations. jt makes an unpopular Minister do harm abreAd a , well as at home. It gives a Minister in a fter.:country two troubles—one to support himsr,if i n the House of Commons, another to support his friend in the Chamber of DeFaties. Gibraltar is as dear to us as Guizot. We are quite willing to prop the latter, but we cannot afford e e Ak g r d d de, t Aw o un t b h Ai e gi r a n. n y t p i ; p r. o ibt d eu e ht s a . trbd : a t wn i o s dr s a t tov ofme r mitigate to lose such props as Tunis and Tangi ers t o th e f ormer. mater r also,at t o h i n s a t stroke things is, will d that some othe r f oo li s h agent do some other foolish thing, under the belief that some other foolish Minister will let him off as easily. No, it. must come to this, that they who violate proprieties. must not do so with impunity. COURT OF SEWERS. A Court of Sewers for the City and Liberty of West minster and part of Middlesex was yesterday held in the Sewers Court, Greek-street, Soho-square ; J. L. Donald son, Esq., in the chair. The orders of Court on the 2d and 9th of August were read. The Court then heard memorials and petitions. An application was made by the watermen of Temple stairs, for leave to be allowed to maintain a floating-pier at Essex-street outlet. The applicants had received notice to remove a barge which was stationed there, and Mr. Dovvley, the surveyor to the Commissioners, in formed the Court that the order had been unattended to. A. solicitor appeared for the watermen, and stated among other reasons for non-compliance with the order, that riots might ensue between the rival claimants to the landing, and life be endangered in consequence. He also added that the Navigation Committee had granted the necessary powers required by the applicants, but that the forms had not yet been filled up, and the sig nature of the Lord Mayor was wanted. After a short discussion, in which the Chairman, Captain Bague, R.N., Mr. Willoughby, Mr. Gunter, and Mr. Leslie, took part, it was finally agreed that the barge should be allowed to remain until the 6th of Sep tember, when they (the watermen) would be again re quired to appear before the Court with the perfected deeds then wanting. The cases of parties summoned to appear to answer to charges of irregular drainage and improper construc tion of sewers, were then disposed of. The CHAIRMAN then rose to call the attention of the Court to certain imputations which had been made against him, on Friday, the 2d of that month, by a Commissioner. If it had been a matter purely personal he should have acted as on previous occasions—namely, by passing it over without any consideration. He might not have the ability that he ought to possess, in order to fill his situation as Chairman of that Court, but it was in the power of any man to be honest, and where his personal character was called in question he felt bound to require an explanation. He had read a report in The Sun of the 3d of August, where it was stated that when the question arose of paying the contractor, Mr. Ben nett, a cheque of 1,0001., the Commissioner had cautioned the Court against signing that cheque without due con sideration. The Hon. Member proceeded to say that a gross fraud had been committed—that he was in a posi tion to prove all he alleged, and that he would not hesi tate to do so. It might appear irregular to call their attention to any statement appearing in a newspaper, but they had two records of this assertion, that of the newspaper alluded to, and the other offi cial one, the minutes of the Court. The Com missioner said that Bennett had obtained a con tract to which he was not entitled, and he questioned the propriety of signing the cheque without further in quiry into the mode by which he had got his contract. He (the Commissioner) goes on to state, that a fraud had been committed, and that the Bennetts, father and son, were relieved from that fraud ; and after some discussion, of no consequence to 'this inquiry, he said, that the three persons he should refer to in his remarks were, Mr. Donaldson, Mr. Dowley, and Mr. Doull. He regretted that the first was not in Court, but he would be corrected by the surveyors if he stated what was incorrect in reference to these transactions. He (the Chairman) found by a reference to the official record, that this was in substance, a correct report of what took place. (The Chairman then read from the minutes of the August 2.) He (the Chairman) was extremely sorry that the Hon. Commissioner should have thought proper to bring forward the matter in the manner he did ; and he was sorry for this reason, that a charge of fraud ought to have been brought forward only after due notice, and then it might have been pro ' perly inquired into. They were bound by the terms of their contract to pay Mr. Bennett his 1,0001., and there fore it was quite unnecessary, on the part of the Hon. Commissioner, to have brought forward this matter when he did. The matter might as well have been brought forward on another day. He thought that the Hon. Commissionor did not well understand the mean- ing of the word fraud. A fraud included this, that there was a party injured, and a party benefited, and that an injury had been inflicted and a benefit done, with the collusion of a third party, and by some act, one party being intentionally injured and another benefited. There was no imputation upon Mr. Bennett's father, and as Mr. Donaldson and Mr. Dowley had referred to it, it appeared that they were the three great conspirators who had committed the fraud upon the public. From the period that he had first the honour of sitting in that Court he had endeavoured, withoutfavour or partiality, to discharge his public duties. He did not want to enlist the prejudices of the Court in his favour. He wanted only the justice due to every honest man. In 1836, the year after he had the honour of being called to the chair, the new contracts were entered. into. At that time the surveyor had been dismissed, and Mr. Doull and a new clerk had been elected. To these officers was entrusted the task of filling up the quantities to be tendered for in the new contracts. The contracts were sent in, and the officers had to make out the total in the adjoining room. The matter was then deferred for the consideration of a spe cial Court—the bills were sent in, and the Court ac cepted that of Bennett. At that time there was an error in the amount of bricks and in the digging, for it ap peared that the quantities for the latter were too small and the former too large. When the numbers came to be submitted to the Court, he certainly suggested that odd numbers should be made even, for the purpose of expediting the contracts. So far the contracts went, and it appeared certain that in the way they were made out the quantity of bricks inserted was enormous. He did hold, however, that they were not to be held responsible for the minute details which the officers of the Court were called on to discharge, and if they changed 150 into 110, it was for them to be called into account for it. The contract was taken on those quantities. In 1841 a new contract was ordered to be entered into, and it ap peared that the same quantities were taken as on the former occasion. Some gentlemen suggested that as it would take two days to cast up the accounts, it would be desirable to give the same quantifies as at the former period to the contractors, and so test them. He had never taken a serious step without submitting it to the opinion of the Court, and he found that the papers given out to parties who proposed tendering were given out after an intermediate meeting of the Court, at which he had no doubt the subject had received due consideration. He again admitted the great quantity of bricks and the small quantity of digging, but was he to be held region. sible for what in truth was the business of the officers ? As well might he be held responsible, if he had hap• pened to be in a street where a sewer was in progress of formation, and something going wrong at the time, it should be afterward said, " Oh, it was done under the inspection of the Chairman." And now as he was con nected with the " fraud." He could not conceive how it could attach to him at all, because he must in that case have made up the numbers, which the officers were to do, and he must give a chance to one party, when in fact the same forms were given to all ; and therefore he said again,_ that he could no t conceive how this char g e could attach to him at all. Any assertion of his own was un necessary, because the mere facts as stated could not carry conviction. The Hon. Commissioner had sai • d that he was dissatisfied with that Court; he (the Chairman) wou ld only say, that if the Hon. Commissioner wi s h e d to have the matter heard in any other Court, ho would give him the opportunity of investigating the matter att i el t . mos t thoroughly. He (the Chairman) imagined that the Hon. Commissioner was acting under a misappre hension of the word " fraud," and under a mistaken 'con ception of the facts of the case. Mr. LESLIE thought that the Chairman had made a most temperate and proper statement, and if every word of it were taken down, it would prove his (Mr. Lesli e ' s ) case. The Hon. Gentl eman fully bore him out that a fraud had been committed on the public, a nd h e (Mr. Leslie) had only sa id , and he again stated, that the three parties he found connected with the transaction were the chairman and the two surveyors. He had never imputed fraud to Mr. Bennett, He because he had nothing at all to do with the contract.was very sorry to find that the Chairman was connected with the d 3fr. e co a n n tractoflB r 3 eu 6 because the evid ence o f Mr. Dowling said that he h a d h a d not hi ng to d o with it. His. Do charge was against every commissioner in that Court, for how came it that Bennett was receiving from the public 141. 6s. per cent. more in digging than any other man. Mr. WILLOUGHBY rose to order. He could not allow the time of the Court to be wasted by inquiring whether any other person had committed a fraud. The question was, did he (Mr. Leslie) impute fraud to the Chairman? Did he persevere in that accusation ? The question was brought forward by the Chairman, an d h e had 'a sight to be answered, IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT. The Act of this session, 1844, introduces no new system; it only makes such additions to the Act of 1842, as experience had recommended. The two Acts of 1842 and 1844, taken together, com pletely put an end to imprisonment for debt. Whoever is in debt to an amount not exceeding twenty pounds, exclusive of costs, if there has been a judgment, is pro tected absolutely from all imprisonment, and if he is at present in prison, he is immediately dis c h arge d, u p on application to the Court which ordered his arrest. Whoever is indebted to an amount exceeding twenty pounds, has only to petition to the Court of Bankruptcy if he lives in London, or the District Court if he lives in the country, and he obtains an order protecting him from arrest, or an order for his discharge if he is already in prison. He must surrender his property, and give an account of that, and of his debts. This is all he has to do ; and unless he shall be found by the Court to have been guilty of fraud, or of crime, or of gross extrava gance, he is free from all arrest. If he is found to have practised any fraud, as having obtained goods on false representations, having made away with his property to defraud his creditors, or having committed any breach of trust, and so forth, or if he has incurred debt, upon a judgment in an action on assault, slander, seduction, or other wrongful acts, or if he has run extravagantly into debt, without any means whatever, or even any probable expectation of paying it, he does not obtain his imme diate discharge, but may be imprisoned for a time by order of the judge who examined the whole case. But it no longer depends upon the will of the creditor whether or not the debtor shall be imprisoned, or if imprisoned, how long he shall remain in confinement ; this now depends solely on the court ; and the court has ROW no power to order or to continue the imprisonment for more than twelve calendar months, in any circumstances. This imprisonment is manifestly not punishment for debt, but punishment for crime, and it is absolutely necessary that such punishment should be inflicted, to protect honest creditors against the frauds and other mal-practices of dishonest, evil-disposed, or grossly extravagant persons. It is also to be borne in mind, that no debtor can obtain either the protecting order, or if in custody, the liberating order, unless he discloses the nat ure an d amount, both of his debts and credits, and property, and that this property, and those credits, are taken possession of by the Court, and distributed among his creditors, if the final order for his protection is made. All persons, who are not traders within the bankrupt laws, or who, being such traders, do not owe above three hundred pounds, are entitled to take the benefit of these Acts, 1842 and 1844, whether they are in custody or not. Persons being traders within the bankrupt laws, and owing more than that sum, are left to the remedies and the process provided by those laws in the case of bankrupts. Debtors of twenty pounds, and under, do not come within the description of persons who must obtain their protection or liberation by means of the Court of Bank ruptcy. They cannot be now arrested at all for such small debts ; if already arrested, they are uncondition ally set free, their property only being liable to the pro cess of their creditors. But if it shall appear to the judge trying the cause, that any such debt of twenty pounds or under was incurred by fraud, or by running wilfully in debt without any reasonable prospect of being able to pay, or that the debtor has fraudulently made away with his property, or removed or concealed it with intent to defraud his creditors, then the judge may order his imprisonment, as a punishment for such misconduct, but only for such time as the Small Debt Court now has power to imprison, and in no case for more than six calendar months. To obtain the protection given by the statutes, 1842 and 1844, it is necessary that a abtor should present a petition to the London Court of Bankruptcy, or the Dis trict Court of Bankruptcy, and make an affidavit in the form set forth in the schedule hereunto annexed. Each sheet of the petition and schedule should be signed by the petitioner, and attested by some one acting either as his agent or his attorney. In order to obtain a protecting order, or an order libe rating from custody, or in any way to obtain the benefit of these Acts, 1842 and 1844, it is not necessary to em ploy an attorney or solicitor. Any one may act as a debtor's agent, and sign witness to his affidavit. Any one may sign the petition and schedule ; for the order of the Court of Bankruptcy requiring an attorney to sign the several sheets of the petition and sched u l e , d oes not require that it should be an attorney-at-law ; any one may act for another as a common attorney. Also, the late Act 1844 expressly allows the petition to be witnessed by an attorney or agent. The affidavit must be sworn before a Master Extraor dinary in Chancery, who is also a Commissioner for taking affidavits. All attorneys or solicitors are Masters Extraordinary, and are bound to take affidavits, without being employed professioaally by the parties. As certain writers in the newspapers have completely misstated the provisions of these Acts (1842 and 1844), especially representing them as inflicting no imprison ment or punishment upon persons who run in debt through gross and culpable extravagance, it is necessary to attend particularly to the foregoing statement of the law. There can be nothing more mischievous as regards the interests of honest tradesmen, nor more wantonly cruel as regards thoughtless and extravagant persons, than to encourage the latter running in debt, beyond any hope of being able to pay, by telling them that they may do so with impunity. It is believed that the error here pointed out arose from great inadvertence, or from a desire to attack the late measures of the Legislature ; but its consequences are equally mischievous, whatever may have been its origin. Another Act has just passed to render compositions of debtors with their creditors more easy and advantageous to all parties. But as it relates not to the release of per sons in custody, there is no occasion here to state its provisions. Brougham (Penrith), Aug. 15, 1844. FORMS TO BE COPIED AND SIGNED BY THE DEBTOR. (A. No. 1.) FORM OF PETITION FOR PROTECTION FROM PROCESS. To the Court of Bankruptcy, London, or To the District Court of Bankruptcy. The humble Petition of* Showeth, That your petitioner is not a trader within the meaning of the statutes now in force relating to bankrupts.t That your petitioner has resided twelve calendar months within the district of this Honourable Court,t that is to say, That your petitioner has become indebted to divers creditors, whose names are inserted in the schedule (A) [or as the case may be] to this his petition annexed, and that he is unable to pay his debts in full. That your petitioner bas examined the said schedule, and that such schedule contains a full and true account of your petitioner's debts, and the claims against him, with the names of his creditors and claimants, and the dates of contracting the debts and claims severally, as nearly as such debts can be stated, the nature of the debts and claims, and securities (if any) given for the same, and that there is reasonable ground in his belief for disputing so much of the debts as are thereby men tioned as disputed, and also a true account of the nature and amount of his property, and an inventory of the same, and of the debts owing to him, with their dates, as nearly as such dates can be stated, and the names of his debtors, and the nature of the securities (if any) which he has for such debts ; and that the said schedule doth also contain a balance-sheet of so much of his re ceipts and expenditures as is required by this Honour able Court in that behalf, and doth folly and truly de scribe the wearing apparel, bedding, and other such necessaries of your petitioner and his family, and his working tools and implements. That your petitioner has not parted with or charged any of his property (except for the necessury support of himself and family), and the necessary expenses (not exceeding ) of this his petition, or in .£ the ordinary course of trade), at any time within three months of the date of tilingth is his petition, or at any time with a view to this petition. That your petitioner is desirous that his estate s h ou ld be administered under the protection and direction of this Honourable Court, and that he verily believes such estate is of the value of £ at the least unincumbered, and beyond the value of his wearing ap parel, and other matter which your petitioner is autho- ....... .10 / 41. ,:,411lh I I ....• .... i4o'