The Sun. — London, England, 1844-01-26 00:00:00

Gr 7974'p770 A I b.R A . 11 2. LA? (,:vjeLE MEETING AT C ENT -GARDEN :THEATiE. t (U.~L rirri...." . . 1 777" 7 7 • ~ r, , '4,...1 - I ,‘ ; ' ,/, '1,. .Thq-,Allti•Cei3V•l4Pi, Leagne ; :held its 74itabliinnUily, meeting last tweiling aat,the .:•Thea-tce o;).yiti, , eoyent gardeM•3 Xlie theatre laving" :•been fitted :up .for M. Jallien's coneatsithe'Pit was boarded 'over, 'and &mom= modatiti . itWaVdOnsegpOitiy, afferde.d -fir a much greater number-i 4 perianthei. could %rive; been; aeconunodated hadit been fit) tip i g il - tii:q'tiftiTiiiaii4vr: The oreheitra was' thrown' into - tifb - re', ififi l s ' affording ' additienal means; of, accommodation. ;• ancl•the. reporters,, WW.lhak heretofore . n tiee.4..lcated lathe orcliCstra,'Wer6 .searekat table.runnlig along the, frent,'of the stage. ,_ - The*chaur man, add speaker took their ntages in. M. ,Jullien's raised orchestra; - . .. . .." Theidoors Of• the theatre were. opened - at half-past six. o'clock, and within ten minutes the theatre was crowded to- siiffocatiotritt every part. The members-of the League al-ailed ihernielies of the increased room affOrded by the bearding over of the pit. ' ,There was not, even standing, room at.a q_uarter to Seven o'clock,.. This was one of the largeo;_ine ? tr.pg4 eve ; held tifthe inetropoliS.,' - ' . At seven o'clock preasety.G: Wilion,..Esq., the Chair- Man of the League, took the Chair, amidst the, loud acclamations of all present. - T. M. Gibson, Esq., M.l'. ; Dr. Bowaing, M.P.; lion: Edward Bouverie; W. Wil liam's, `Esq., . M.P.; , ilen.'- - C".P. - Villiers, . M.P."; Rev. J. Burnett ;, and ly: .T: rox; Esq.; entered with,the Chair man, and Were received with. loud cheering.- - - - Anteng,thOse pre - sent ,W"6 observed ;15.. Chrittie, Esq. ; C; Thompsen; Esq..;:.J. Tattison, Esq. ' . Arthur 'Paul son; Esq.; J. Potter, Esq.;llaneheSter • -.13. BaineS, Esq.; W. A. .Wilkinson; Esq..; David Ca ' ri, . tsq. ; ',Tan Macleod, Esq;;; John Anderson, Esq. ; W. A. ,Them son, Esq.; J. Cox, Esq.; Wra.'Adain Smith, Esq.; P. IL - Le-Breton, Esq.; T. - Wadsworth, Esq. ; W. Py-e, Esq.; W. : Smith, Esq. -.IA Shephard;- Escp; Sir -W. , Baynes, Bart; ;• 0. Wileoek,'ESq.; W. Tharnborrow;Esq.; Thos . . Sharer, .., 'Esq:; Charles Dary, Esq.; . . henry Lloyd.' Morgan, Esq.i• W. lieegln, Esq. ; Riehard. Ware COTe,..4sq. ; Edward Edwards, Esq. ; , George Ridout; Esq.. ; Dr. Simpstrni• Dr. Girtin; Joseph Phelps, Esq.; J. P.,Burnard, E5,. A ..; W. Hewitt;, Esq. ; David Auinonier, Esq.• •' - J. Itidge, Esq..;Esq..;A. Fox, Esq.; F. T. -Parday, Esq: ; J. Crockford, Esq. -,David.Prioe, Esq.;;,George :Beacon,. Esq. ; Dr. Cooke Taylor; Francis Place; :Esq:.;. Cowden 'Clarke, Esq. I- -L:- enflaming's, Esq.il .4 - ; Weifotri,.• Esq. ,' James Fordate, Esq; ; E. BicknelljEsq. ; Sir . John testhape; James llson, Esq.-, S. Harrison, Esq.; Professor Kay; P. 'A. Taylor, 'Esq.; Effingham WI/son, Esq.; and John' Actilphits,"EAq.' • • -•-.•• • .L The SECRE TARY haVIL?, read,the minutes of the last Meeting ,' , theywpre adoptec upon the motion of thfillon. Mr. Villiers. E . _ , : • ' . - • The Ciraiamaitt. then rose,•..a;nd said,he bad no doubt that the first question Which would suggest itself to the present meeting, and to every-friend •offree trade, would be what had been done •by-the Leigue, and what pre-/ grass- they had inade in- this i great ' cause since they all, had - fast askrtibled within those walls. lle would tell them47i - itehad been . dint*. - -- Tri. •the - first 'place, it would be unnecessary to. state.. that -the corn-laws had not as yet,heen '1.130Iip( 1- 1. - .:ItS,t the Duke 'of Buckingham had not.as.yelkjunted -.tttei 73ag4 * (Laughter)—neither had the Duke of Richmond"; and that - Sir EdWard Knatchhnik; Still.: - advoeatbs . *the neoessity Of lipholding : the . system which supports mortgages, .and enables .the aristeeracy,te endow their daughters with - marriage set genrintk.-7--•(Louct laughter.) He might also state that , Colonel- Sibthorii----(A- langh)—hrtd given the in-nnense 1 sum of 501. to the . _, Pro-Corn-law League.—(Loud laughter.) In opposition: to - .those facts he could state that' he'Aiiti 7 Corn-law . •Leai , ..,ue had - been obliged to .put ' tip with is subscription-of any 500/.—(Loud laughter)* front a Nobleman who `vas rich enough. to buy them altogether-4e meant the -Marquis of Westminster.-- (Loud and•rlong,:eentinued cheering.) They also had: had some -ntettingkq and gained many advantages; which' he was sure the Meeting wevild agree with • hlm, - 'could neither -be-overlooked •rior , e,onsidered-lightly.—(Hear.)• in:the first place, they had 11•?..(1, meetings at Liverpool, *.lien a stun of 4,6ool.:hadt4ork raised for the Great League F l- g id, which:, Aim, was, -`subsequently raised to:6,000/.! Then they -had , a rneetirt,t , at Ashtort-under-Ly-ne—a bo-. rough' abetif seven mile 4 -poet -Manchester. At , that • r d eet 4. ng sree el l esivezreinticie by - the- Hon. Mr. 'Villiers, Mr. • Cobden; and Other Men - them Of' the COuiteil of the I.eague, 'and 540! . was raised,' which, with 3,800/: • pre ::‘-ieesly'sulzrscribed,,ariieunted to 4,300/—(Loud - cheers.) it, u meeting, was- held at Leeds, over _which...the May 'oe of the town, Mr. Stadsfield. presided; and ad-i dresset.' the meeting.' •, Messrs.-Marshall,. the-largest ma' nufaeture - rs in the kingdom, gave 800/. to begin the! and-long.contintied :cheers)i _League Fund with—(Loud being 500/. for the irm,and 300/. for the_iethpr 'pal-Mex.! --:;-(Renoved cheers.) They had a meeting in .i - lre• litaX, in :Yorkshire; where 2,3001. was .subscribed. — (Cheers,) . The 'next - Wits-a. meeting- at Huddersfield; where 2;2091 `vas callected.,' l At Bradford, 2,000/. was 'Coliectect Several - sing I'. villages in • Laneashire, the names- of which he'wora& - not now trouble- the meetilig, with, had also liberally Sukieribed. Then there.waa•thel town of Balton, so represented. well' bv his •Ifon. Friend Dr. BeW r ingCheers.)-- - -?vhere.l,2 o l 9, had been raised in an i incredibly sherttinie-f.ir thOteague Fund. They hail had .seVeral meetings lif - the•Midiand Counties, at l_lerbA I Leicester, and Nottinghark,. At Derby 1,200/. was subi 1 scrihed, then, at the - neat'' eeting at Leicester, 800 t, was collected, and at I.•Thttine•harn a atm of 580/. was: subscribed to the League Firrid. -Then, at Burnley, am -, .. o ther small - place - in - Lancashfre', - 100/. was paid. over , to 'the Fund, atid again - at -Oldham, upwards of 1,000/, - I Was subscribed. - At 'Tnamortert; h•sinall village, 6111. here given -to the Leag,ne Fluid. From the town , Coliihrooke Dale,-in Shropshire; a county which is r-; presented by the. " - twelve- apostles "_(A laugh - _ . sum of 400/. Was - collected. - ' The Chairman: then re the names of _several small towns in Lancashireufroin • -which various small -sinticAveriging frbm - 50/. to 204,- were collected for the- same great national purpose. Ffoin Stroud the sum of 5581. was sent to the League Fund. A deputation, - consisting of Messrs. Cobden, Bright,lloore, Colonel-Thompson; and -OtherS; proceeded to Seotlan4; and there - th - eir endeavours= were crowned with like sutl, cess: - • -At GlasgOW the L o rd-Provost took the.eltair: at. the.. Anti-Corn-law - x neeting,, - ultd a warn of 3,000/. wag, sniarilyed for the : fur?di In• Edinburgh, a -similar. meeting being called; -the 'Lord Provost also _took the.. cliaii-; - and 1-,500E 'Was Collected. :At Dundee 5001. was , sub Scribed, at Leith 350/ 4 - and -at Paisley 230/. .. Thep& facts, then, Were indisputable :evidence of the nrogretig' • Which- this'. great qtieS ticiii- . was - - making in the publiC - mind.' 'lt- was a proof that anew eclinpaet and. agree, ment had been entered inns between the • various mein; berstof the -League in Scotland-and the North of Eng : land; and that- they. 'ha.k.l ptedged themselves to each other, 'and this meeting, ,ithat so long. as they were • -blessed :with health,- . -so .long.: would they persevere in the ' course they - were' - :now :pursuing, n t-. • withstanding the calumnies encl. vituperation , w • h might 'be poured , out- - against • the objects , of. 1. 1 . - the League. They had been told . that gratify F. Ai _ had- - been their progress; yet- that .: - they had Ito. - meet with obstructions in the Southern counties- of Eng land. They:had had - their . attention 'directed to many • -• associations rising eround:thern 'on every side,-. the_ ob-, ject of which was to-support the present system of corn 7. laws, and it was alleged that these associations had been organised. by th - e.farraerS. ( - Now , 'he did not. believe One word' of this.,; Three'-feurtha .- Of 'the speeches at these meetings were generallY, -- ceniposed of vitu perations against the jea./..tue ;' - Nit' the - tenrint farmers hid no sucla.3l-feeling Against. the. League re-they neither' made speeches at those meetings; nor :::did !they occupy -the chair. i No, it • was' the: M.P.,. -or . the - reeveicend, -whose .names figiured at those meetings; : The farmersdcnew•from the-first, that the League never dectivtl•-them.—they knew: that, in 1842; - that the Leagiie ifeybrinaiched ther&?to-tihe - hits . ' tingS with the watthWord,of " .No surrentleerOn:their • _ tangues, and in the midst or their rejoicing turned round agel gave them a new ,tariff and an income-tax.--(Lotid Cheers') .. N 0,.. the:League told theni openly ;and fairly, through 'Cobdenand:Bright-,:that they:Oho. Leagae)were for the total repeal .bffthe corn-laws--that _ the farmers could gain no benefit from the imaginary protection ,of the corn-laws--that they would impoverish their consttmers, and they themselves must suffer in ' re turn.--{Hear, hear.) - Thase• were- the. doctrines' the League broached to the: tenant farmers, and they heard and appreciated such argumenta, and itwould-not do now . - for the - lords or the squire's to come and tell then:lto the cOntrati..—(Cliee'r9 - Ile.had heard something of those Meetings which ciectipied so .man y .. pages in the new papers. A, mepthig_ o f description to which he had ~ alluded was held at CAnhester,_ when it was stated in •dte ,public press that? 500: or : C)Ot;) persons were pre sent. One of the members --of the League; who • was 'a tenant farmer, was' present, and &Muted the .n.iimliertaL - persons who attended the - -meeting an that- occasicin:, 'and' 'there were not 560`, nOr 4015, nor 300, nor - even 200: There; . - were only 186 pers - .lns preient, including 'l4: reporters: . , 'Another Meeting was. -held in the 'next county; ab'Our ; which ii 'great deal had ,!'ifien said in the newsPvers,:but" .6 b l ly; eleven persons_weripiesent, and as ninny coluinnS .. poured. in one: of i:their :. _ gz. youriie • papers. They hail also beerilield- that : A,grear,dol of money had been col-_ . -/ h ow, on,their .beihale.• They w ould have occasion for it. 3, Aovr, what hail the League to do after those meetings.? L....4.i :They should eopy••the -names of ei:r.(trY man .PosfOssiPX -:.,::t rthe franchise froin.the 'Sheriff's. list, a. - .td send addreSses •,. to every voter thrcitighbut 1 the country: They won/el, ~ "ever chstnit these . meetings, for they respected meet llts,:ll6 'Mattei - front r , . . and • t li e . • ; whom they, - might - originate • which . ___.r. _respected' ;there espec i ally. the _meetings might emanate. from .those_Alto'.lii•ecl py the sa tciKthir_ArOW l - '''' ..- . take care t hat ~..; • ut.,at.the.,same:time they_ st:oulcl , • shoidirit refil t i ry,- fallacy put _forth.by past spepit:ers - and trawiiit t ,a thi -.,i“ ''t.,?- 4 .P4,lgications, of the. League, ' said, does:th e . lA , "g" the--kingdotn.. • Ent it )dad been aguZZlrs w e tars now .?_llezwould tell grre them. The Lea ' It had pledged itself] and-vionldi e t - 11 11 67117. -ith i ' 1 the - electors. wa_s_practicable,:tocontescevery electio:Zl: A e gca..g iip ilCl‘ al. ' May -- oecur. - (Lotid ':and long/-- " Titi r ifi e d n l v e. • "41. They - knight -be d'eteatek but- 'Alit - should : ' er re t u rn gj • • again-and again to the Combat.*(Cheers.) They niht' • - lose close boronghs, 'like Salisbtiry';' 7 ll-i' - which. 'iticaticies • ' . might Occur over whi ch . .thly had . fi e . eontrcil, - but this would not make the slightese.differenee in tlitir exer tit:Ms.' ;They Lad, laidit clOwn as a rule that ril:::i . mono polist: should take n seat. in rialiame-Atowith9u: ITTeil-nr". _ - the.concenfrated streaktli.of the League directed : again st him*(Loud cheers)- and • the strenuous efforts of the League .wilLneverleease mini' • the feeling has Become general through every county in the' three. kingdoms. • •-Was - the Letigue prepared to_ opproge. the lord inal the nquire.2—(Ories of " -We ure.P) - 'They had the ' array of- the ilitelligenee 'and:•-goked - sefiSei• of' the country . On their"iside; and -were' Siiid - telproSper; He knew they - •'. , Might be‘defeatedl3naez,otWice, 'Art, nn - ,,great question ~... -ever .salik Anto,:, the' thing; t)f -- the. Wddle - elassesi ii oe,, ~g,X , e1A1:14 1 : iiigg ia ,ttriyAgY, ' 414 ifdt• ' bkame -1 the lawiirthill'laiid, an reCelie the - Sarlefieniof the Crown.—(near, hear, and cheers.) They might have THE SgTN, LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING, JANUARY 25 2 1844. ters as well as men—that poured from the factories to give theiresupport to this common cause. There was nothing to be seem of that tyranny that was spoken of elsewhere. Nothing of the kind existed in the places which he had seen. Wher ever he had been, the operatives came to the meeting, not choked with " Devil's dust," as Mr. Ferrand said—( Hisses, and laughter)—but ready to " down with their own dust" in aid of the cause.—(Cheers and great laughter.) He had seen the women, too, come forward eager to show their sym pathy with the oppressed, and the wrong that was inflicted upon themselves by the law which made the bread of their children scarce and dear.—( Hear, hear.) The children seemed to him to understand the interest which they had in the ques tion, and to look forward to the time when each of them would say with pride, " I too was a corn-law repealer in my infancy."- When they saw this in London—when they saw London imitating the conduct of the people in the country on this subject, then the work would be accomplished, and these laws totally and finally abolished.—(Cheers.) Let it not be supposed, however, that the thought of compromise would not be as far front the minds of the Anti-Corn-levy League if they stood alone.—( Hear.) This was shown by those seven men who met years ago at Manchester, and who still contended for the same principle as then—repeal, and no thing short of repeal. —(Cheers. ) They would have adhered to those principles if no public sympathy had been raised in their favour, and if none of those meetings had taken place. For their principles were of that class, which having once got hold of a man's mind are never abandoned. It was for such principles martyrdom was suffered.—(Cheers.) Once adopted—once promulgated, they might be delayed in their progress, they could m..t be defeated.—( Cheers. ) ...It was by the influence of such feelings and the operation of such principles the Reformation was effected. It was to them we owed the Christian religion itself.—(Hear, hear, and cheers.) - If they who led the League were ever to falter in their course, their defalcation would have no effect upon the progress of the cause. They were but the foremost in the cause, which was proceeding as regularly as the rolling waters, and if they did not keep in the advance, they would be overwhelmed in the progress of the country to the great consummation.—( Cheers. ) There could be no compromise, for the landlords had thrown down the gauntlet—they had waged war with the League— they had challenged the League, and summoned it to the con test. They had vowed they would put it down.—(Laughter.) But they were not the bold Barons of Runnymede.—( Great laughter.) No, no, the age of chivalry was gone indeed, and most especially in their- case—for they were traders, and the worst of traders, who diminished the food of the people to raise their own profits. —( Cheers. ) They disrobed themselves of that which should be their dignity and their armour. What did they mean by standing aloof from the rest of the people, by uniting with whom they would promote their own real in terest, and secure wealth, peace, and happiness for all, in stead o f rancour and warfare, and the opposition of class to class I , —( Hear, hear, and cheers.) There had been no doubt great misrepresentations' as to the large meetings throughout the country upon this subject as well as upon others. If the Morning Herald would oblige them—as it sometimes obliged the Government—with the private notes of its reporters—( Hisses, groans, and laughter)—they would know something more of the real state of the case.—(Cheers ) He had seen but one report (and that in a country newspaper) of a genuine meeting of tenant farmers. That was held at . Eversham, and there were twenty-two farmers present. The subjects which they met to discuss were leases and corn rents. After a full and fair hearing of both sides, from two of their number who had studied the questions, twenty voted in favour of leases, and two against them—(Cheers)—whilst eighteen voted for, and three against the corn-rent.—( Cheers). Such would be the result of all those meetings of the farmer tenants, 'if they had fair play.—( Hear, hear.) In the mean time it was 'a pity that the friends of protection did not summon an aggre gate meeting, and, small as was the theatre in which they (the League) were then assembled, it would be ample enough. Their friend, Mr. Paulton, might find a private box for the Anti-League, and the managers' box might accommodate Sir Robert Peel and the advocates of the sliding scale.—( Cheers. ) But it would never avail for the landlords to drive the farmers to those meetings' in the same manner as they drove them to poll at the hustings.— ( Cheers.) There was more suspicion, sullenness, and sulki ness in the farmer going to the meetings. than going to the poll. He understood, now, that there was great difficulty in getting them to the meetings ; and, then, there was great diffi culty in getting them to hold up their hands. At one of these meetings the chairman repeatedly told them to hold up their hnnds, but they seemed not to understand him. The chair man again called nut emphatically that they must hold up their I hands. But they (whether by a voluntary mistake, or not, he would not say) turned up their noses. ' ( Great, laughter.) On the arguments brought for ward at those meetings he would say nothing, for Out of nothing nothing Would come. The only fragmentary grains to be found in these bushels of chaff, were such as could be refuted by every labourer of common sense. One was, that wages were raised in proportion as the price of corn was raised ; and that ‘a ages fell as the price of food fell. Another was, that the country ought to be independent of foreigners for the Supply of food. This last was a doctrine which all the rest of the world had exploded, and it would be as well that it should here be crought tothe test, and subjected to investigation. This independence was something very good for the landlords to speak of, whilst they were spreading guano over their lands— covering this England with a foreign surface, and subjecting it to that polluted dependence which they deprecated.—( Hear, hear.) In the contest at Salisbury, Mr. Bouverie met his opponent upon those grounds, and stripped him from head to foot—( Laughter)—showing that he had. not got upon his person one article of clothing that was not foreign.—(Cheers.) A French cook dressed his dinner for him—and a Swiss valet dressed him for his dinner.—(Laughter.) He handed down his lady decked with pearls that never grew in the shell of a British oyster—( Cheers and laughter)— and waring on her head the plume of ostrich feathers, which never decked the tail of a barn-door fowl. He sits down to a dinner composed of viands from different countries. His wines are from the banks of the Rhine or the Rhone. He goes into 'his c',nservatories and regales his sight with the beautiful colours, which the flowers of South America present, and then, returning to his saloon, he refreshes his scent with the product of the northern continent. His picture gallery contains the master pieces of the Flemish school—and when he retires for his evening amusement, he hears Italians warbline: German music ; and afterwards enjoys a French ballot. If he aspired to judicial honours, his robe was decorated with ermine, which never before was worn upon the back of a British beast.—(Great laughter.) His mind itself was not more independent. His literature was a pic-nic from Greece to Rome. His mathematics were imported from Alexandria— his arithmetic from Egypt—his religion from Palestine.— ( Cheers.) .sSuch was the man—such the class of men —who told the country " let there be suffering, want, starvation, amongst you; you shall be dependent only upon us, and be inde pendent of foreigners,•upon whom we depend for all our own enjoyments."—(Cheers. )) The League was not going to the Legislature this session. They were not going to petition.— ( Cheers.) The Members of the Lords and the Commons might do as they pleased and how they pleased. The appeal of the League would be to the masters of those Houses—to those who created the Legislature.—(Cheers. ) It was the business of the League now to teach the constituency, who made the article badly, and to instruct them how to make it better The. great landed monopolists hunted up the tailor and the shoemaker, and said, " have you not a little monopoly of your own? Keep up our great monopoly and we will uphold your litttle monopoly—tickle me Toby, tickle me twice."—(Loud laughter.) The League had endeavoured to work upon the intelligence and principle of the :people, and upon that alone. Calling up not what was brutal, but what was most divine in humane nature, realising that spirit of independence without which no institution in the form of freedom could ever be great or lasting. For this reason were the League held to be such monstrous interlopers. It was the cry at Salisbury and London, " Here are come amongst us men whose home is in Lancashire—they are utter strangers—they have no business here." There was the same sort of indignation felt by Doctor Caius in The Merry Wives of Windsor, when he found Slender in tin closet ; and upon his asking Dame Quickly who it was, was informed " that it was an honest man." " But," said Doctor Caius, "what should an honest man do in my closet?" So said the monopo lists.—( Hear.) Honest men shall not come into our closets. But the honest men had got into the closets, and with a search. warrant in their • hands. They had found that which would bring the monopolists to shame and confusion. They had laid bare their tricks. We, continued the Hon. Gentleman, " can have no compromise in such a question as the corn-laWs, because we cannot compromise with crime.—( Cheers.) I hold that these laws are but one great crime, both in themsels es and in their consequences. It is a fraud. The monopolists say to the nation—exclude foreign corn—be independent of foreigners. Does not that imply that they—the home growers—will furnish a supply—are they not by the very fact of interposing to pre vent good provisions from coming from abroad, undertaking that there shall be ample and sufficient provision of their own raising at home? Can that be done? Have they produced, at prices at which the great mass of the community, however in dustrious, could afford to purchase, a sufficient quantity? Has there not been want and starvation in England and in Ireland ? While want and misery have been increasing, the wealth of the monopolists has not been ministering towards its al leviation. They could not produce a sufficiency Of food for such an increasing population as our's, increasing, as it does, 23,000 annually. No, they could not produce food enough if a county as large as that of Surrey were to be added to the country. now can they undertake to produce a suffi cient quantity of food ? Can they create a new Ireland, or can they keep the old Ireland ?—( Loud cheers.) I say that those laws with occasion the destruction of human food are a crime ? Not long ago, about the time that I was in Liver pool, a large quantity of American butter was brought out of the warehouse. A hole was bored in each firkin, and as it was found that it would not answer a commercial speculation, if the duty were paid, they poured pitch and other substances into the butter, in order that it might be rendered altogether unfit for human use. I believe it was actually made into grease for the locomotive engines. At Sunderland the same thing occurred with respect to wheat. The people were starv ing without, and the wheat was rotting within.—( Hear, hear.) It was brought out under the Government lock and key— brought by her Majesty's servants, the Custom-house officers. It was taken to the dunghill, amongst all sorts of substances, in order that it might be rendered impossible for use as human food, and it was then converted into manure, and this at a time whenthepeeoolpleleetwioenrse,talaknidngtaebndouetr poor-laws, charitable sub scriptions, feelings for the suffering poor. It would be worth while to compare the table of com mittals for offences, with the prices of wheat, from year to is not accompanied by an increase in the number of commi t tals. ylneatrh.e years e fr x o c ns ept i i Bit ons a to re ve ry rare are in which the price of corn was l ,1) 445.00 From t 3d. he quarter, the average number of c o w m h rn en itt w a h ls ea w t 2as 1837 to 1841, when the average price of wheat was 635. 2d., the average number of committals was 25,000. Four thou sand criminals a year added by t hat horrible sliding scale of o t f ake gu a i n it exatnredmemyiseearry.h Hear, yearh ear, and cheers ) 1835, when wheat was a little under 40s. the quarter, the number of committals was 27,300. In 1842 wheat was 57 5. 3 d. the q uarter ; the committals were 31,300 in the year. This i s the result of the experience of many years. This is the h orrible o p eration of these iniquitous laws, which murder the soul as well as the In body—which make the best tendencies o f our nature subser vient to crime—which make the life of that man, whose fa mily depend upon him for support, a motive and an incentive to guilt—which create crime and make the repetition of the Queen's proclamation for the suppression of vice necessary by an Act of Parliament for the production of criminality. Oh, Ido declare before high heaven and the world, that I would rather hold up my hand at the bar of the Old Bailey as a cal. pi it, driven to crime by a most iniquitous law, than be one of those who profit by a law which was made to coin money out of the heart's life of our fellow-creatures.—( Loud cheers.) Nor is this all. .The annuable table of mortality is analogous as to numbers to the annual table of crime. With the price of wheat the number of deaths falls or rises. In 1798 and 102 wheat was 595. the quarter, and the avei age number of deaths in London was 20,508. In 1800, the intermediate year, and therefore not liab'e to exception on the ground of increased po pulation, when wheat was upwards of 605., the number of deaths was 25,670. * Five thousand deaths in that year, being an increase analogous to the increase in the price of food, and directly tending to impress on the mind the connection of cause and effe c t. I t seems as if th e grim monster had forgot his impartiality —as if th e bony tyrant had become the ser vant of monop o l y , true that the rich and poor lay d o wn together in the grave, and though it is still in s em e measure yet that the wo r ld, by its laws, sends the poor there first. and sends them there in numbers to prepsre for their own re ception. The effect of the classification of society is, that while in the middle and higher classes only one child in five fails to attain five years of age, in the working classes only half that nuMber ever reach that period. Are we to be told that farther to wait some time before this great question was setAti Ne peeled of distress or suffering :-Imald evor he per matted to rceur argf,in, equal to . that'l‘hicii,ro ' lu :-: 'the manufacturing interests for the Taerfi)e,- ! . !er. z e s . Ministry should ever be again alloNe(17: .i , ,: $, e Is. , e eee Manufacturers in the same state us they w e e d;.!s j -g 10, bad harvest two y - eare-agbe Knowing tile ; e e.„ -hi been against them, that those numbers weeeeieceeasino while their opponents were diminishing, and _-ige resources, are now treble what they have been, the League bee tile - people have hope, and - take conk*, foi 7 they were every day coming nearer the - termination o e ..e __e ' this system: -110-ehould conclude ley intio .I"ue ieee I • eh meeting the Hon. Mr. Bouverie.-(Great cheer nag.), The Non. W. BOVVERIE came forward, "ittialfterAlree applause had subsided, said, as this was his first appser e ance on the London stage-(Laughter)-he seeiNt request the indulgence of the meeting during his remeglee upon . this occasion. He needed this indulgence the' niere-becatrle amongst the gentlemen around him were many who had:eight long and boldly in the battle whilst he was but aje whe - cohSequently handled his weapon ewitheutet li hMe,. Still this was not the:first time he had been amottee them. On the late occasion at Salisbury they fought the cow, , though not enlisted under the banners of the, Lea,gli,p , , 0 . i eae , possessed of .unity and determination - of purpose., 01 - .tad t i ro been defeated - on that occasion"; ind'singularlrenB la they were defeated • by free trade. He was -9 4 -; vacate for freestiade, ' but still he should e eiiiteet=eufroin that species of free trade which allowed one man tiebayetlite vote of enethereeee Hear, hear, and laughter.) But .eif spfti bethis, he rejoiced to think that the great canse.of 'let feegne had been making such ,a progress ever since. _lt haa-heisnegoihg on from month to month, from strength to, steemitheesseining" greater power, Mllaence, and weight. He 37: • le , ig.t. tee associations , and the counter-associations Ao the., - • etre:had been formed, andfor this - reeson-the object thei.,,; ; ee3eieei Was . to see . truth asserted, and all they :' eeleWleapeine quiry-e( Cheers)-they , did not ward " 'to ":':nitric' - the truth.-e Cheers.) The more the subject was agitieelehiineee likely were the people to become converts.-4telieeiee" ' Be felt, however, bound to say that it appeared ttetrinieetiefitieite he had heard the accounts of the meetings inoppedtletetolhe League, that the gentlemen who formed these _Meetikelead net - taken the best course; to elicit the teuth.: _Void's read 'several of their : speeches, and the calumnies thatheee lege littered. the violent. abuse that bad been used, thoeleeiefeelei `linegate expressions that had been adopted' towardegentlemen connected with the League, he had neveryetifeti e uellede but; 'strange to say, not one single fragment of aegeerienehed - eiept. into any of the speeches, 'calculated toeciceent?ci,'ettliete those iwho heakd them, or the country .at -1 e ltliqi ifieredeire leighte-:-( Cheers.) --- He 'found, how , tqaPthillgrdat mass of esai k ism.y, , hinder , and aspersion .l - . ffie-sciittalittry , eyel t its 'fict had been stated by a Noble Peer; he'tedestettaletseini iste , 'stance of theeireaclhil sufferings i nflictedecnithee eke coletteidins Aerest by the tariff, that the westof Scotland was suffereng from the duty:on . cheese'.e-( Cheers. ) ' Nosvelt t er*eit, : alipeAr a little matter, but what was the fact? lee e eariffedice not make any alteration in those duties.- a duties.- -(1 eF arce - iers.) The truth was, that Sir R. Peel, satisfied:l , e! 'tb, _Crdirer: he - ,.hid ,Wham, done, as a sop to the agriculturists, left batterenreleete - ileee. •,-(Cheers: I 'The truth was, there wai e eiß'ilt6ieliclie itethe duty on cheese, and there was a considefalteesi qjiiiiiiireefin : ported into this country, as he would • sheietereeioefet etre/tell, ' when the tariff was not in existence, theeeestteeelespoteedeleto thii country 246,000 cwts. ; in 1842, 175,11007isitsefoilib . - wielB43. when the tariff was at its full play, lei - eltlitertaeles-celebeeree)- Now, what was the reason of this? Wey e eehey e eesuei vied , up" theiecustomere.--( Cheers. .) The inannevtaripuele e sses, ihe working elasees, used this commodity, eied e efetlepeer r e out of ettploy, they had not the means of leuye4,„iiiid p ieTetbe, reason why the farmer was unable to seleineeeheiseee- ,heete: ) Now, they were' oh, the:eve of the rteeefin%' € uf:;insit 7`great pro-core-law, osociat ion, he' alluded ta Atrear'issellu blitig'of Parliament', and little enough, he thotieit lli TO:preseefei efieelghe of opinion, was to be expected frometbeittleretye eteheesis„) First of all 'they had -the Protectiontstiothe. maks:Ain/ of. the House of-Commons,' headed by Sir eßstree}... sHe hialseerne hopes , of seeing Sir Robert Pesl:im that plageo4o jorig as a member -.: of the League, - _eetej ;pine eleh s§ eether he, would be perhaps kind enough ege t io serae o gthena fee the season, the use of his beli eve oars -- ,,0r iipit:Or.) er perhaps he might offer to destreeeehe ra6biteetie his, geeetee at . WlMehall-(Renewed - latighter).a-iii% Sall -A% iu *mild, 'doubtless, say he did for thobeaeOiditt titio peoplefees;) ele would tell them why he thougleetkee,would seeneieje e him in that place as a member of the Leage;.itwaitiiiekiisecd airing 'the' whole of hit lift the measiiee.4l* -e affiinateljetteetereeteiere ee s eaya those Which in former lifeeiectite crppaseibedele(reet cheering.) Now. hp would bringeinnesebook, uie . , , :tpoint. ,__( Laughter.) Some twenty. year. ago Sir U. 'ei*Ftid op. `posed certain resolutions brought ?of attcfat-- that 'eee'ejeene of the leadeng-efeenberson the Libeeeditateef the liettaikeonie raons,lie alluded to, Mr. Horneeeoetleegeetteutreeey'seeseore ,Now, eight years, afterwards, what e ,weteee the „rkeet *lAeve `Sir R. Peel•did ? Why,' is 110'i5i A bitiOlt . ftiQ Oi'thea -sure based • on thoie very • resAllittistni,:- and: ih.L. , w dace in - the lietise• • of. - Commonsolligitttut 40DIK Aql ; .of shame that formerly he had oppeseeLtbe very re(u ono he t was then calling - upon the House to adopt.-(Cheer. An 'other great question on which• he haekaleeeed - bieletee sAf the Catholie ..rnancipatitin question. e Vieef: he _ha I n blether -changed his- opinion; aid how atty rigtil man,-eeqe ior or.• etinary, sense that God had had detAejee, anuieeml fit}' cr .faith in hint again, he was at -3 litsictidAcrojeeturcu 407, when Mr. - Gamsagles.rae let, eesgesi ee .Siiejleeent e ,V ,e4ated ae his reason, fir giving no his Sea‘ f ita a sti l t iloq4:e rpfo, illppif, '.that Mr. Canning had alweye, beeseefevngeataleefe r ee eethelic clairriseand - o. the graining of, thew Openly' would l ie ereieus to the' Chierch,, he felt bound to e eepfeeeelitina e e -are ,two . years after' that lie granted these•eiteeese and thae e , ieeehis ,chaeacter.edf a : Minister of. s a Geown..esseek , Q 'tear,. and greatcheerieg.)„ But he_ e,iite AlviPrie) illx, ?is aele with him yet.-( Laughter.) e bei thl3 . l 2 sgAil 10 . 45, it i. i Pel,' , ihe leader ef ._the:-Opposition, in elf, geneee7 3 of „tele, e l etiens 'eiasi Upon - him, made a speech-014)gs feeaneiee .to ,ttt s thei eiuntry, and on, the, encome e tex f Weer, adveree!ee e i lie,exe , peeesed his opinion upon it. He eeeelepeso forme of, prpssiog his opinioni now, because he hatl,Agegkoyeraili,al , . ii,.aste to mat his ,own :words.-(Cheere awl, s Agiightes,) , ,4l". .4, now tai at 9Fca-, sioneweeiderepeessehis opinion, : ems, leee eleeeellete leket at cash Oftextresne nedessity could jus*ify r ,kiirliAnitqa,t, .des of --peace subjecting the people to thciiniku j oitorial.pr irAi7gs of Ahe income-taxis-and that haviegereenurse.,te Abe; echipery for the peepose of raising the reveille two : orelle. er, cent. was most 'unwise. , --( Cheers.) Te*ev e itre, respect;, (',eland; it weuld"begrievously felt, and seauli4e, most eaje, e.eehat it was his.most anxious desire to seseetetesed tree : tee, ereyee as possible like England-( Cries of e Nomee)--bgeie 41 aubi eject England_ and. Scotland to a ,property-eae, gime s erefend, would be most unjust; and yet, athhall, this- ..fli .all these temente, 'he'had done that very thiejl e whiqeet ieeck he believed to bu_upeust.-(Chiers)..elicee s :serefieP' " ioublic man had.se g pii, back from whae . fee !rat.. public 4 q.,,, and that, too e after great consideritiou e ne ltes`:place lee e,ereent no' honest Man' could trust eithe eleeee i ei lei ' 'rations. 1 While he (Mr: Boeverie) said' - I.4pe,telie : ,• chest 4 they would see Sir, Robert Pee ytt4,l. .I. e el ie, he fb i ?4,4 could. assureehem e that 4i . ?. shou4l,mt s faueh 7 • , it,-- '(Cheers,): s,Of : this . be was sure,ekeie,wleen '-, ... relied on, anal they were all gone to their ...etnits, thee. eaclants would he shocked to find that in feeeneredeys thr ie e, such leaders ofeea.rty 0 Sir Robert Peel a! ; aii„Al4 . - ; tbbee•-• ( Great laughter.): .With respect 'tie: great_ee. ;were L for :agricultural protection, and,sgeneeeed S . ‘ l / 2 , oxbii_ ! willingly e they eontended for no .etheieareposete aft,lhis; that, supposing :there was no ceetekeeOtieseeee eel, it all; that supposing. the _revenue coeldde 3 e isy wed e : ee4ereal .. resource Of taxation , s suer es e ceßifek e“ „ ... , that supposing that state of things exiseee, l e n o . .. ee to Maintain • the whole army of Cueepas ,ceneene iseite. tide. 'waiters, - overseers, revenue cuttegs t it:"... -On, ,f e . epti - pose of keeping oneforeign produce.-( ;• • e 446. ..Kagri eulturtsts elennuided that as a ri gh t e e ' • r ,,4 tea.ey do -so? • - -Whey admitted that the Ante. cm-e • w e f t:, ,;;; ede.ab ' straetediseprineiple on their side.-,,ereefeeieje, 2 ee stone had said-that free trade was conn ect • ; , ite-mi : se.- A Cheer'. )3 leir.,Baring was for fresete .2 ken: e 101r,ect i(dreat itteering•)-,and a .gentleminoy . . e•. - "tie at a 7 meeting :: in, Sussex was for the. py ... . e..e - =•' , .ite in . tbeoty, but net _in fact.-(Laught , • r iteuverie) was - &winced, that off the- shackles that at , pie , the country, , the more more, (Cheers.), But then these gentlem, sider the burthens upon the land !- ask, wai there between them and th , country. ,fo, maintain the protectir barthen - oi pounds, shillings, and that of e sufferinge,privetien, miser' (Great•cheering.Th‘ one could not othar.,—( Cheersf ) They could .n misery, and wretchedness, and in cheering.) Thome was no comp.* his opinion, and in that of all thinki ought to be put out of consideratioT were the burthens of which there Sir R. Peel had enumerated the. look at the tithes., Now, how he (Mr. experiments should be made in a law that is connected with phenomena such as this ! Are we to give Peel's Bill a longer trial, or any trial of monopoly whatever? Are we to have more experiments of privation—or disappointment —of suffering—of crime—and of death ! It was an old medical maxim that expe riments should be made on vile and worthless bodies only; but here is a law which makes experiments even on the bodies of a great suffering nation. This is enough to raise every feeloig of our souls, and to create the indignation of man, woman, and child, of all ranks and classes, at the iniquity, and a determination of listening to no compromise until it be put down entirely and for ever. For this we have bound ourselves. For this you, as the metropolis, must take your rightful position, and go forward to the van, and lead on the march. We are determined not to cease our exertions until we have realised our great object of emancipating labour, and raising it above the ruins of all existing monopolies. For this we strive, and whilst one atom is left of re s t r i ct i on upon food—whilst there is any enactment curbing the rights of in dustry and of labour—whilst there is an imposition on the food of the people, we will never desist from agitation —no, never, never.—( Great and enthusiastic cheering.) From year to year we have held onward, endeavouring not only to obtain good for ourselves, but for other classes also, however blind to their own true interests they might be. For what is universal freedom ? It is the best security for the largest proprietor, as well as the rightful and honourable encou ragement for those who have no property at all. We go for commercial freedom—for the development of intellectual and moral freedom—teaching different classes their dependence on each other—uniting nations in a bond of brotherhood, tending to realise the anticipations of that great poet to whom I have before referred, whom this day gave to Scotland and the world— " Nov let us pray That come it may, As come it shall for a' that, That man to man, the world o'er, Shall brothers be for a' that." (The Hon. Gentleman sat down amidst the most enthusiastic cheering.) Mr. M. Giesost, M.P., next rose and addressed the meet ing, and was received with much cheering. He said,'he would have preferred to have remained silent to have had time for reflection, after the very splendid and effective oration which they had just heard; and he felt confident that he spoke the senti ments of that vast assemblage, when he said that Mr. Fox had conveyed to the world the full intention of the National Anti- Corn-law League. He had not gone beyond what they pro fessed, nor had he in the smallest degree come short of their deserts. The principle they advocated was the total and unconditional repeal of the corn-laws.—( Hear, hear.) They also advocated the abolition of all other protective duties. They were not willing to reserve to any portion of the com munity that protection which they were resolved, if they could, to take from the agriculturists, and standing there, in the pre sence of that vast and intelligent assembly, he felt proud in having it in his power to deny most emphatically the charge that had been brought against the Anti-Corn-law League, that it was a body seeking simply'to attack the landed interest, and having a desire to preserve the protection of the manufacturers. —(Hear, hear.) Representing in Parliament the metropolis of the manufacturing districts of England, he there emphatically denied the charge in the name of the manufacturers, and attested before all, that those men who had petitioned the Legislature for a repeal of the corn-laws had also prayed that Legislature to withdraw all protection from the industry of the country. His Hon. Friend, Mr. Fox, well said that petitioning the Legisla ture was a farce.—( Hear, hear.) He was glad that they were no longer to waste their energies in getting up futile petitions to a landlord House.—(Hear, hear.) They would be enter. tamed next session with petitions of another description. Land lords' petitions would be presented by landlords to a landlord Le gislature in the presence of the " collective wisdom." Those were petitions with which the country must be entertained, and they might believe that he stated the exact truth when he said that the parties who get up these petitions will belong to the same party that present them, and to the same party that re ,eive them. It was difficult to conceive anything more ludicrous than the farce enacted in the presence of a great body of men. These laws were enacted in what was termed the ° collective wisdom" of the community, and it was indeed humiliating to think that any body of men could be found so stupid as to be lieve that the people were represented in that august body. The Anti-Corn-law League had, indeed, reason to congratulate itself and the country upon the progress which this great movement was making. The League had been termed an odious conspiracy---(Laughter)—it was sometimes called a petty clique of ragamuffins—( Great laughter)—they had b een a l so informed that the Association was a formidable combination of marked men, which endan gered and threatened the existence of Church and State—they were at another moment, a petty gathering of manufacturers, without any legitimate influence, but endeavouring to influence the community by the help of a little money.—( Laughter. ) The League could not be all those different thing's. He re membered a saying of the late Mr. Cobbett--he said, " Some times the people call me the scum of the earth, and sometimes they call me the dregs; now, I cannot be both the scum and the dregs."—( Great laughter and cheers.) Rut let them understand what the Anti-Corn-law Association really was—it was not a formidable conspiracy of wicked men, nor a petty cabal of manufacturers—( Hear)—it was the test of the union of the middle and intelligent classes of the community, who were determined that they should no longer live by sufferance—who resolved to vindicate their so.. cial position, and no longer allow themselves to be kept down in the social scale, in order that the feudal ascendancy might be maintained and the great body of the people kept down by that remnant of barbarous ages which was embodied in the cornlaws.--( Hear, hear, and great cheering.) The spirit of the system on which the corn-laws were founded was, that the trader, the manufacturer, the commercial man had no right to have more trade, no more Wealth, no more enjoyments, no more of the comforts of life than might suit landlord propensities to allow him. They pro ceeded upon the assumption that the landed aristocracy had a right, by inheritance, to regulate trade—to mete out rewards to the industrious classes—to restrict the comforts and enjoy merits of life, and to tell their fellow-citizens to what degree they might ascend in the social scale. The League was a • great combination of rational men, who stood , forward deter mined to abolish this feudal tyranny, and erase from the statute book those remnants of feudal barbarism. They recogni-ed no such.inherited right in the aristocracy of landlords:—( Hear.) As Mr. Fox said, they did not covet their acres, nor desire to interfere with their property-4 Hear, hear)—all they asked was, that the aristocracy should desist from inter-. fering with trade, and allow the great body of the industrious community to have full enjoyment of the resources which Pro vidence had placed within their reach.—( Hear, hear). They had been told that the lion of England had aroused himself, and that he was shaking his mane. He was afraid this lion of England would resemble the lion in the fable—a donkey in a ion's hide, and now that the animal began to bray, all the rest of the creation discovered that he was not a lion, but an ass.—( Great laughter). Was there ever in this world such a collection of wretched trash as the speeches recently delivered at the Agricultural Association ?—( Hear, hear). There was very little argument, a great deal of abuse, an occa sional allusion to special burdens on land, and the dangers which impended over the Church and State ; but all argument against the principle of free trade was abandoned, and the landed aristocracy appeared to have taken up the position that might constituted right.—(Hear, hear.) There was one special burden mentioned, which he would take the liberty of alluding to. It was mentioned by a gentleman at the Northamptonshire meeting. He said that ambassadors, diplomatists, ,and consuls were sent abroad at a 'great expense to the country, and all for the advantage of the commercial world ; and'the agriculturists had to support the expense in the main of this valuable body of diplomatic nego tiatiors.—( Hear, hear.) -That fell from a gentleman who in herited the name., but not, he feared, the abilities of that dis tinguished statesman—George Canning. Mr. Canning told the so-called meeting of tenant farmers, (but who, in fact, were not tenant farmers, but a collection, for the most part, of those persons who usually took a prominent part before election contests,) he told those tenant farmers, 9r whatever they were called, that ambassa dors were sent abroad, and constituted a special burden on land, and entitled the landed proprietors to enact the sliding scale for corn.—(Laughter.) He had always thought that the ambassadors, &c., were chosen from the aristocratic body, and that diplomatic situations were pleasant situations—large sine cures with large salaries, and quite suitable to the taste and fancy of aristocratic legislators.—(Hear, hear.) But he had never heard any reasonable commercial man say that he considered any service had been done him by diplo matists. What intelligent traders said was, let not di• plomatists meddle in our affairs. No diplomatist or ambassador can direct the merchant how to employ his capital, nor what exchange he ought to make. At this latehour of the evening it would, perhaps, be thought that he was trespassing on their time improperly—(Cries of " No, no")—if he dwelt at any length upon those arguments—if they deserved the' name which had been used at the agricultural meetings. Old fallacies had been patched up at the Northamp- tonshire meetings, such as if foreign corn were admitted free of duty, the foreigner would not take our manufactures, but would only take our gold and silver. It was a surprising anxiety the Northamptonshire farmers expressed about gold going out of the country.—( Hear.) One would think they had been instrumental in bringing the gold in. He should like to know how much gold would be in England if they had nothing but agricultural produce to send in exchange. Were there gold mines in Northamptonshire, or was silver dug up in Buckinghamshire, that there should be this exces s i ve anx i ety about the gold and silver going out of the country? All the gold and silver had been brought into the country by manu facturing industry--(Hear, hear.) All that ministers to the luxuries of the great, and that added to the splendour of the aristocracy, had been purchased by manufacturing industry.— ( Hear, hear.) But when we asked to be allowed to purchase cheap bread, to relieve the necessities of the poor, and in crease the comforts of the industrious classes, they said, " Oh no, we dare not let you do that, for the gold and silver would go out of the country."—(Loud cries of " Hear, hear.") They were willing enough to allow gold and silver to be exported for the gratification of the great, but none for the comforts of the poor. If they would not allow gold to go out for corn, why should they allow it to go out in exchange for the other imports, tea, coffee, sugar, and all the varieties of commodities which were brought into the country at the rate of fifty millions a year ? They yet find that the amount of gold in England was stationary, and they know that all the gold coin at present in the island would not pay for nine months' imports. What peculiarity was there in the commodity of corn that such dire apprehension should be entertained of the scarcity of gold and silver, and that all our domestic and financial arrangements should be embarrassed?— ( Hear, hear.) But it was vain to dwell upon such futile rea soning as that. The question they were now considering was the question of abolishing the corn-laws. He did not want to expose fallacies. They would not again muster their ener gies in attempting to kill the slain. If the middle classes of this country stood by their order, as the aristocracy stood by theirs, they would succeed in abolishing the corn-laws ; but if they cringed to wealth, and fashion, and aristo-ratic power, and allowed themselves to be wheedled into servility, the corn laws would continue, and all the speeches and arguments in the world would not abolish them.—( Hear, hear.) It was the consciousness, on the part o f the ruling: powers, that the great body of the industrious classes understood their true position, and were determined to ',indicate their rights, that would induce them to yield. They would cot make a free gift--they would not yield without pres sure ; they believed that aristocratic privileges, as they called them, ,and aristocratic rights, were cherished in the hearts of the people, and that the day was far distant when they would be compelled to resign that unjust assumption of authority which curtriled the people's rights. He believed the voice of the 111 embers of Parliament would be of little avail unless responded to firmly by those without—unless they knew that the great body of the middle classes were determined to stand by their order, and for their rights, as one man.— ( Hear, hear.) Unless, he repeated, this consummation took place the corn-laws would not be abolished. It was in the power of the electors of this country to abolish the corn-laws it they pleased. They were not in such a minority as they generally supposed. What was the fact, that out of 500 Mem bers which England returned, 330 were returned by the bo roughs and cities. The counties and Universities returned only 160 Members. Ireland and Scotland returned a majority in favour of the ab&ition of the corn-laws, and they had but to secure a majority in England to abolish the corn laws and all the other monopolies.--( Hear, hear.) • Let them all pledge themselves to endeavour, by every means in their power, at the next general election, to return none but men who would pledge themselves to a total, immediate, and unconditional repeal of the corn-laws.—( Cheers.) The time was now come for action, they must attack the registrations-- ( Cheers)—they roust advance the cause with the electoral body.—( Loud cheers.) The friends of the cause should exert all their powers of persuasion and influence to bring the middle classes out of that servility to the aristocracy which had too long characterised them.—( Cheere.) Let them stand by their order, and they would compel the aristocracy to surrender their unjust pretensions, and that very speedily.—(Cheers.) Let them instruct their Members to approach the Legislature, not " With bated breath And whispering humbleness," but to speak in the spirited tone of firm remonstrance, and their power would ere long make itself felt.—(Cheers.) They would find that it would befelt even in the present House of Commons. They would observe a marked difference before the close of Parliament in the tone and speeches of Hon. Members. Such was always the case when gentlemen knew that they had soon to meet their constituents.—( Cheers and laughter.) It was remarkable how the tone of their speeches altered when they knew that a general election was at hand. If they began the pressure now, and increased its activity and its force, as the time for a general election approached they would increase immensely the number of those Members who would vote in favour of the motion of his distinguished and Hon. Friend Mr. Villiers. —( Hear, and loud cheers.) The Queen's speech would soon be presented to the nation. He feared that there would be nothing in that speech to give hope to the mercantile and trading population of the country. It would, no doubt, be full of congratulations, and he admitted that the peaceful state of our relations with diffe rent foreign Powers was matter of congratulation, but he be lieved that there was no efficient guarantee for the continuance of those peaceful relations, but the extension of commercial freedom.—( Loud cheers.) Nothing would so much tend to pro mote the peace of the world as the free interchange of thoughts and commodities, and the abolition of that selfish protective system which created divisions among nations, and embittered hostilities. Every philanthropist, who wished for the spread of peace and civilization amongst distant nations, should, as the best means of promoting those objects, endeavour by every means in his power to establish entire commercial freedom.— ( Loud cheers. ) The Rev. J. 'BURNET agreed entirely with the Hon. Gen tleman who had just sat down, that the great object of the League should now be to consider in what way they could best carry out their great purpose —(Cheers.) There had been a time when meetings, such as the present, would have been dismissed at the point of the bayonet, or by the staff of the constable, as calculated to bring the Government of the country into contempt. Now, however, such meetings as the present were actually as s embl e d i n order to prevent, if possible, the Government from bringing itself into con tempt.—( Cheers and laughter.) They, however, behaved better to the Government than the Governments of former times would have behaved to similar meetings. They used no violence towards it. All they wished was to throw such a light upon the proceedings of the Government as to enable the members of the Government to guide themselves aright. Refe rence had been made to an opposition that was forming to the Anti-Corn•law League. He should much like to see that op position join the League and make the discussion a club busi ness. They could have the League one evening, and the Anti- League the next evening, and so on until the community at large were made fully aware of the bearings of the question ; and if the Anti- League could show that the League had been really misleading the country, why they could put it down at once, and the corn-laws would flourish for ever.—( Cheers and laughter.) It was said that the Anti-League embraced all the wealthy, and noble, and talented of the land, and that the League was composed only of insignificant individuals. If so why did not the Anti-League come in the manner to which he had alluded? What kept them in the back-ground, except the conviction that they should die in the fore-ground ? ( Cheers.) It seemed difficult to comprehend what was meant by protection, and against Ns horn the landowners sought to be protected.—( Hear, hear.) Those who sought for pro tection were generally considered as helpless indi viduals, who could not protect themselves.—( Hear. ) The landlords then, meant to say that they were so helpless that they were incapable of competing with the foreigner ; so ignorant of the science of farming, as to be incapacitated for doing so; and so devoid of genius as to be incapable of even improving their knowledge, that they rushed down to the House of Commons, and cried out for protection. Why, that was not the cry of men of influence, of property, and of power —it was the cry of the helpless; it was the cry of weakness; and yet this exhibition of weakness was most grotesquely mixed up with an appearance of exultation in their strength. They boasted that they could put the League down, and yet they told the Legislature that they could not keep themselves up.— ( Cheers ) It was difficult to find out against whom this protection was sought ; but the truth was, it was against the manufacturers of their own country.—( Cheers.) The agri cultural interest sought for protection against. Manchester and Liverpool, and Birmingham and Glasgow. They were afraid that the manufacturers would go to the cheapest market to buy their daily bread. "If you allow that," they said to the Legis lature, " we shall be ruined ; cave us from them."—( Cheers and laughter.) It was not against the foreigner that they sought for protection. Their nearness to the market, their practical skill, their knowledge of the science of agriculture, all these were protections against the foreigner. The sea was their natural protection. The foreigner had the ex penses of importation to pay before he could bring his corn into the market, and beyond that protection the agriculturist had no right to seek for anything further. The protection sought by the landlords was against the poor and needy of their countrymen, to prevent them from going to the cheapest shop to purchase their daily food. How low had the aristocracy sunk. when they were seen rolling in their carriages, and revelling in splendour and wealth, and yet ask ing for protection against the poor widow who has just strength enough to earn her daily food—to ask for protection against her, to prevent her being able to purchase more bread for her penny, than she could do at the present moment ?—( Loud cheers.) What a degradation was this for the proud lords of the soii—( Loud , cheers)—and whenever the word protection was mentioned, let it ever be remembered that it was again , t the widows and the orphans that the landowners called for the protection of the corn laws. It was the landlord only who called for this pro tection, tor it was to the interest of the agricultural labourer and of the tenant farmer, that there should be freedom of trade in the articles which they produced. Was there any interest in the country which really and permanently derived any advantage from this protection against the poor and mise rable? Could the lords of the soil really feel comfortable in the enjoyment of their property, while they suffered their tenants to become the victims of the gambling of the corn-laws? --(Cheers.) The farmer, under the existing system could form no idea as to what probably might he his returns—he risked his capital on the gaming-table of the corn-laws, and he knew not what might be the result. The consequence might easily be foreseen. They saw farmer after farmer break down, and the landlord did not rise up. If trade were free everything would be settled.—( Cheers.) A fixed trade would be better than a fixed duty.—( Loud cheers.) It now became one of the great obligations of the League to take care that their opponents should perceive that, although their power had increased, they had nothing to hope from their indolence.—( Cheers.) If Sir Robert Peel should slide out on the sliding scale, it behoved them to take special care, that Lord John Russell should not slide in on the fixed duty.— ( Loud cheers.) Men in power had been sliding and shuffling long enough.—( Loud cheers.) But they should give, those men clearly to understand tl.at they would have no man sliding, whilst the people were neglected. —(Loud cheers.) Let the League show that their determination was fixed and settled, and there would be an end to sliding and shuttling legislation, and an end to the corn-laws.—(Cheers.) What right had the agricultural interest to claim particular advan tages ? He would compare the community to a great machine; all the wheels. were properly set, and when the combined power was set in motion, woe be to the feeble hand that should at .. _ .... ~- • tempt to stop it—..it would inevitably be cru s h e d. So was ... it 1 • with the community. The various interests were but one wheel • of the great machine, and if one of them attempted to step out of its proper course, and to take upon itself the control of the i mighty movement, that interest would bring upon itself inevitable , destruction.—(Cheers.) Although the corn-laws had been productive of much evil to the country, yet they had not been altogether unproductive of good. They,were indebted to 'the corn-laws for much discussion.- They had brought the people together, and in the course of the discussions to which those laws had given'rise, they had been called on to consider prin ciples involving the well-being of the great body politic of the empire. Those discussions had been as a school, to form the minds of the rising generation —as an arena, wherein the men might try their strength and vigour—(Cheers)—and when the corn-laws should have passed away, every corruption which ' clogged the motions of the State machine would be removed by the same energy, the same resolution, and the same perse verance, which had been employed in the annihilation of the corn-laws.—(cheers.) The corn-laws had taught them how the evils of a nation were to, be grappled with.--( Hear. ) They had taught th e country its own strength, and that too at a time when it had been reduced to the lowest point of weakness. • They had taught the country to know its own moral power—not physical, but moral power—that power which could alone be wielded with safety both to those who felt and those who guided it.—( Cheers.) They had de termined not to petition. That was right.—(Cheers.) There had been a tine when it had been considered an honour to receive even a nod from a Member of Parliament, and that even upon the eve of an election, and when to have been spoken to by one, was an honour to be transmitted down to one's grand children.--(Cheers and laughter.) At length people got a little more courage, and ventured to become acquainted with their Members ; further than that, they petitioned them on the subject of their grievances. First they ventured to write a letter to the Members, and then they asked him to present a petition to the House, and when that had been done, and the poor people saw an account of it in the newspapers, they thought that all the evils of which they complained were to be removed at once. They then went a little further, and asked the Member to sup port their petition ; and going still further, they at length ven tured to find fault wife him if he did not support it. Then they called upon him to make a motion upon the principle of the petition, and exarained the votes to see it he had supported similar motions of others. They then took him to task in pri vate on the subject, and at length ventured to catechise him on the hustings.—(Cheers.) Thus they went on, until they were thought of more and more in the House, and Mem bers, when speaking; would suddenly see the face of some 1 one of their constituents appear before them, and would stem mer and hesitate, or wrap up the meaning in such perplexing phraseology, that it was impossible to .detect their falsehood, and in phrases so obscure that they would admit of any inter pretration they might choose to put upon them.—( Cheers.) At last deputations began to wait upon them, and Members found themselves in the greatest possible dilemma betwixt the petitioners and their patrons—betwixt those who made them and those who paid • them.—(Loud cheers.) They had now, however, to get rid of the difficulty, established themselves as a great and mighty party, vehicle, ashamed of the old term Tory, called itself Conservative.—(Loud cheers and laughter.) The present Parliament had been chosen when it had collected all its strength and vigour to resuscitate Tory influence. Its grasp was powerful—like that of a drowning man--and the League had done wisely to let it exhaust its manatural strength, without coming to blows with the giant, which would exhaust itself by its expiring efforts. They did wisely to let it die peaceably.—( Cheers.) But they had been threatened with a resurrection. Sir Robert Peel, it was said, would come round to the opinions of the League.—(Cheers and laughter. ) Well, let him do so. He despised no man for changing his opinion. Hedespiseethe man who changed it often, and without sufficient cause, but not him who changed it for the love of ' truth, and because he was convinced by evidence.—(Cheers. ) Sir Robert Peel was, it was said, a servant of all work, and he admitted that the Minister did look narrowly and watch atten tively the spirit of the times and shape his course accordingly He did this well. He did this cleverly. He did tiff's wisely To be sure nothing could be said in favour of the moral gran deur of his conduct ; but still he managed matters very cleverly Now if he were a servant of all work, all the League had to do ' was to compel him to occupy himself in their vocation to make use of him.--( Laughter.) In political movements they were often obliged to work with most contemptible tools, all they did in using such instruments was to take care that the did not permit themselves to be degraded, whatever might be the depth . of degradation of the tools they were compelled to use. He would not occupy their attent'on longer at that late hour of the evening. They had no wish to keep late hours, , he left that to the aristocracy.— ( A laugh.) Before separating however, he would urge them not to let their exertions flag_ to let no .cireumstances throw them off their guard—to main tain their position not only by being always ready for battle, but by always fighting—not only by being prepared to take advantage of whatever circumstances might arise, but by moulding eir- eumstances to promote their purpose. Let them go on, and the corn-laws could not long remain. Let them go on with manly 1 hardihood, and the day was not far distant when'they would congratulate each other on the success of their efforts to secure the rights of the children of men.— (Loud cheers. ) ; ! I'he CHareastaN gave notice that this was the flrstot those meetings which it was proposed to hold weekly it, that; ; theatre / • • ' i. , rble' ••• I n Y t e ;aid, .1d bask, , were they a " burthen Upon the ,1! 1 ii , aeer ,ing,..) .A : thowaud years ago a" - . qin 2& ,... ' .- I, been made for the clergy, and the party took ,thic 4:irect to that provision. _'(Cheers.) It was a briffle riiAti y ' and if they pleased, but not to the party takirier 'A .Ire got the land cheaper.—(Cheers".) Theft, 4fti kT iais, , , 3 poor rates and highway rates, they were said tliii'd Vitt doubt they were in some measure' so; birltf . 7): : c „ 1 ,:i a : piers of houses bear equal burthens . . ) :•• - •(Cli4rk . they • a • came. to _what really was a burthen—the fi -, was the amount of that ? Why he fom:4 ' i )t . duced 1,214,0001. ; he had looked up tie{} e: I& it ts of income, and he found the greater port z: h... probate - dirty. ' - New the land paid neitbN l lll7lTitir. all.-4 Cheers.> If lie was to succeed toralgaribli o f 50001. a year be should not pay a ihilli4,4 land hid been sold; and - the party had 'l4 q' should‘then have Co pay 70 per' cent. dott ; e4o Cris he th ought was a" good Set - off - again - An (Cheers.) - There was another seetiort•of the( ' ... mona who said they disregarded: the qaot; altogether, but they said they must have rft , te.-tie upon eorn as well es any other arti , traders-said to that, No, it is one of the.tur I , • upon that ground it would be impolitic _t' Duties ought to be regular, and corn ce gulav duty on account of the change o'' ter,-(Cheers.) The free trader als fake aviittle as Tossible-frorn the pock pay, aria ilhonld give- as much as possible and that ,Corn would not do that.-...(Chi with the' Chairman, that of the ultimate su' . n o - on e could doubt—(Cheers)--they %venlig! to su cceed.--( Cheers.) . Let them look - ai it t Cobs of pfolitical importance that _had been die f-tri, and they would find that where the ..plloilan'• 'fareur of them they had become thelaw ot_thajoui .-Whni he woold , ask, -obtained the Refoitil!'diiti•i.: crady?No,. , tiut the people.L4 Cheers: )Thejmakftee it was resisted for a time, but It was .ultiniatetyiva the'ti'pfeer-eia*ses that brought about .the abotitttiri. No 'but the people willed it, and they slave:tea/Jean And; to come to a practical question of swivelled/Ide of iliefe;.though• perhaps not so important r • hirits • i :lial to Which he lead just refevied, was- It 'ltiGra ..t.t i3.e6iiiktry who proposed, or who vvillfrigry Witi .Vei . ..ellt ',Of' the people, the .penny postage ' , situ' 1(.a... 3 . He contended that both-the Whigs; , add tip . pasert to it - ; it was the middle claOses . \wh4 - 14'; Intddle cl-4:sos, whO, if they exertetllltl42tt'iejstielfo # • stirejo'sueCeed, and who saw the 441.iff 110-ifebt -. .., - aterixe it thi. ,. -..eneasure was carried:4EtitVifi.9un • .' ' 'titirconfine 'himself to that measufe-Pwlfatiley Wit Out* , if thectrerelled back t=oo.ynYi, they Kojickfid t , his. hatthrovasionghtat that period, fqpitmlii4/6figlaffo.- 1 2'-'• ''-'' ' . - strtow, to'fight against trionopoly, l Anetf4atiaLik !I 3suit a bed - vault was; tiiat. inonopolieo, wi , N , ~,A i s - i ,= .. ,.. died .. and twenty _' year?, ago ,att ;i l t i Av ! au aa , . daring .. that - all mgnopolles . .slimill,r_iiih,Thp, - 0f•‘4 . ,. - - - I _doubted .not. that the same the .. t iouji i l; 41c,..: 1 ',.: 1 ;.again; that they would see an Ag; cif' j4, x i,, 7'. 4 ‘,... - - peihap, in. such general terms, lat!tluatt € ,41, r claTing7 that the. corn-laws were inzik!icksls t te#4 e ... i of tiler - cant/try, and that , they shou , K,ArKssIRAM:. t. 0 Ate tepeitled.,-(.l4uncl .chPqrs). •. . 1 - :zizz dzilila oe_rio Mr. W. J. Fox then carnatforwaidotp . stridikoardAk T As the Ho n . Gentleman vas_ coorefi; ;s, Willidera . .'-' Li r e k r, , , . .. ri - fiieil? tooltplace thtoithrh the, ..f 11 1 ,,,.. , g , • . ~. _ tEe siealteiA ; Qrdei• hasing ,l r e t 4 g ...;.• ( l,, he had to addiele tirein . 6n` the fir s mee mg . • agitation ; at a time when confusion, anxiety, and unci ater tea att • .1:;, He i „nesse:, ent 49rests at time ts'eting. de g eon lir near he said It year of certainty, . _ were prevailing throughout the country; when the Legislature was expected shi•rtly to meet, and the people tonked on rather with sullen 'expectancy than with any degree' of' hopefulness ; when the League had gone on marshalling its strength, aug menting its funds, and multiplying its numbers; when political parties were on the look-out to see what chances might turn up for retaining their position, or for getting into the position of their adversaries ; when Anti- Corn-law League Associations were forming in different counties; and when, therefore, on all accounts, it was appro priate and desirable to reiterate, though in terms that had been often heard, they could not be too often repeated—to reiterate - the League principles, the one aim and object of that Associa tion, that for which they were banded together, without which they would never be content, till they attained which their or ganisation and their exertions would continue; the one broad, simple principle of free trade, and, as applied to the greatest possible case, the total, the immediate, the unconditionel abo lition of the corn-laws.—(Cheers.) That was - the star by which they steered; to that single point they here right on, heedless of all other considerations. They eared not for par-: ties, they cared not for demonstrations of faction, new or old ; they cared not for the consistency or the inconsistency of this or" that leader, or of ink portion of the House of Com mons. —(Hear, hear) The total, the unconditional; and the immediate abolition of the corn-laws was what they asked of all. They sought no more, they would take no less, from Sir Robert Peel, on the one side, or from Lord John Russell, on the other side. They sought no more, and they would take no less, from Lord Melbourne on the one side, or from the Duke of-Wellington on the other side, or from my Lord Brougham Eon all sides.—(Great laughter and much cheering.) They waged no further warfare with those who conceded this prin tiple; they waged everlasting warfare with all who would not grant this principle ; and, - because it was a principle,. in their eiinds, which admitted of no compromise on any grounds what erei;.--(Great cheering.) That was their watchword.— (Hear, , bear.) If a certain class in the_country reiterated its eryof " - No surrender," they replied by " No compromise."— (Cheers.) If this movement were, what it had sometimes been mistakenly represented ; if it were a mere manufac turer's% combination—an endeavour to put certain portions of the trade and commerce of this country on a different, aad a. iakr, and a more profitable footing, and that were. ;;If this were a mere party movement—an action of hostility towards one set ofpoliticians, and an endeavour to in troduceintn'their place another set of politicians ; if this move ment were a class feeling ; if they really did the absurd thing that had twit ascribed to them in the published resolutions of societies-' 'iff.they hated agriculture (an incaneeivable absur dity, for Iscloccould any man hate that through which he got bread to eat?); or, if this were a mere popular caprice, a cuckoo cry set upslar individuals for their own personal aggrandise ment, or which of faction, like "no popery," and similar cries, whir* had• so often led multitudes astray, and • brought confusion to the country, why then there might be compromise in the Matter.-=( Hear, hear.) But with them it was the very stuff of conscience; it was a principle to which they had 'Ade up their minds, as embracing a right of man anterior even to the existence Of eiviliieduociety ; for if anything could be called a natural right; it -wks that of man's exchanging the produce of his honest labour: freely in the world's market for whatever he might desire as oriMbstitute, welcome to him as ministering either to his subsistence or his comfort.—(Load and long con tinued cheers.) Thjiyvas not a question that admitted ofdeerees ; it was not a thing to be' settled piece-meal.—(Hear, hear.) They respected all,riglits, but they had no respect for wrongs. —(Hear, hear, and 'cheers.) They understood not the doc trine of tolerating t'tertain robbery, of iniquity, of oppression on'the community,Land:on individuals.—( Hear, hear.) They took up their posWiMviai the right and wrong of the case. For property, of all goiliOts- realised by skill and labour, and as sanctioned by- hunurclaws_and institutions, they avowed every respect ; and tberidieid, in sacred regard the property of the class which z _most, opposed itself to their claims.— ( Hear, hear.) The, lyoad acres of the landholder were his ; they meant. not te i teueli.them ; they set up no scramble for their division—they interfered not with his retention of that which, whether conqU'ered by the sword or gained by purchase, belonged to him. CeV-han do as he would with his own—he was amenable to putare4 ittion if he violated decency and mo rality ; but, so far as 'lecke/it-within the limits which the great objects of human socialy,prescribed, they respected his rights even there.—( Hear, hear.): Let _him have his game, or let him decimate his haresvnji rabbits —let him grant leases or let him refuse leases—let hiyacutdown the ancient timber on his estate to put cash into his, packet, or let him have a great re spect for, and be conseivativerig timber and of institutions—they meddled with nothing Wh'at j eirei of that kind ;'let him have his whole rights—the land. Ciaa fis, the produce of the land was his, or those to whom hehired- out that land; but there was one thing which was not and that was the industry of other people.—( Cheers. )z'.'Their labour, their skill, their per severance, their bones arid. ,sinews, their daily toil, and the bread which they earned byithat • toil, and which he had no right to diminish by taxatiOrt. 7 -(Deafening applause.) They were his fellow - countrymen , ' and not his slaves.—( Renewed cheers.) The labourer's bones --and muscles were . his own property, and not a landlord"a s ,:4Continuel cheering.) They claimed for themselves that 'which they conceded to him, the fair produce of whatever powiTi4rivileges, or advantages they possessed_—( Hear, hear.) Here their principle claimed the same respect, the same sacrecriOneration for the rights of pro perty in the man who hail nothing - An the world but the phy sical strength with which he went forth in the morning to earn his dinner at noon, and in theinhpritor of the widest and most princely domains that could belleas,ted of in this rich country of Great Britain ; and ih theLtyglrd for this principle, they -were apposed not only to the_ present form of invasion of the industrious man's property, bud " Wirt) , other mode or plan of invasion that might be sub,titutett for' it by any other parties, , or for anyother purposes.--( fieir;hear. ) 'The principle was as opposed to a fixed duty as it was opposed to a sliding scale.— ( Hear, hear.) Ihe one was as 'tit% en invasion of the corn- • mon rights of the people as Ras tint other. For what was its , tendency, under whatever pretext it might be levied? There could be no doubt that any duty ; sa the importation of corn! must enhance the price of food i. and whatever enhanced the price of food took away from the fairearningi of the industrious.' And when they called to mind the waif ion of great multitudes of the industrious classes; when they'thonght how they rose up . early, and sat uplate, - and ate the bread of carefulness, by what! miserable and wearing toil their--pocii'pittance was won from' -the world ; when they remembered:Woifireasiy there were whose history, the whole history of their-liviescieas summed up in the . well-known verse__ " Work—work—work, , - Till the eyes be red and diin lirnrk—vrork—work,-7- ' • Till the brain begins, to swim !” When they looked on such a destiny aittat, if a fixed duty would take but a farthing out of a iiibiiiid, they said it should not be taken from these wretches to augment the stores of the Dukes of Buckingham and Riehmond.=( Great cheering.) Why, there were cases in which the imposition of a fixed duty on corn; whatever the amount, vrould.leattiluore objectionable results, perhaps, than those which "belaig r ed 'to a sliding-seal& It had .been often urged, and he believed it had been felt, as an objection, " What will you do7,with your fixed duty of 10s., Re., or ss. ; what will you do with.it,when food rises, as it is subject at times to rise, to a famine py . i . 4e ?" Why, it bad been said that it mpst then be relaxed., .„ - What power should determine the _relaxatioe, and by what test?—( Hear, hear.) Only let them realise, in their ima,ginatiliiii, .fer 'a -moment,- the condition of a Prime Minister who had to watch-the coun try to see whether the time was come, Or 'Coining, at which the.fixed duty .on corn must be relaxed, by , s: special interposi tion of the Government, because food wag reaching a famine price I Why, he must notice in the papers', how many were picked 'up fainting in the streets for want oCie_o(l.—( Hear, hear.) How -many cases of. starvation wield prove that bread had risen to the rate at which • the relaxation must take place? What , amount Of, ~Aliease, hoW much typhus, .would be a , justificatioti,l'Or the re laxation of the duty . ? These were the irigit?ri6s a Prinie Minister must make in such a case.—(Hear; 11'0.0 He must watch the country, and feel its pulsation ; as ° the. , regimental surgeon stood by when the soldier was floggeddlitOr on wrist, eye on the bleeding wounds, ear open to the sound of the cat upon the bare back, and, with a stop-watch not rd the instant had yet arrived when he was to interpose and say, " Hold, enough."—( Tremendous cheers.) Was that a fitting position for the 'chief of the legitimate governrqnt of a free nation ?—(Loud cries of " No, no.") One VroWil of jus tice always led to another.—( Hear, hear.) FO;et justice, and charity would. not long be remembered, and liiimardty would cry in vain. —(Cheers.) A _fixed duty ! Why it was protec tion under--another name, that which was called pr,tic tion ; and protection was the very thing againA which that -League waged warfare, and which it existed !in order to•put down and to annihilate for ever.—(lmen t etise elle r- ing.) They hadno more charity for protection inl,one f m than in another. What.was it ? The protection of agil4l , .6. 1 What portion of eigrieulture ? what class of person's? fileari of devices and sophisms, and.circumloctitions, it was the ri6 ,e -tion of rent, and nothing else. The protection of the ten nt' farmer! Had it ever enriched him? The protection Of the la bourer I What had been his history for many a year past ? He had been protected downwards from one stage to another of ts. scent; protected out'of his whole clothes into rags; prote tsd out of a cottage into a mud hovel, with but one filthy room • lit for his wife and family, all to pig together; he had e n t i protected till his children and . wire were obliged .to tell him that they could not go to the church I (Or . the rites of religion ; he had been protected out of the - fields into the union workhouse, or, perhaps, into the coutrof justice, or the- gaol; and, at last, he had him protected into that narrow home " where the wicked cease' from troubling, and the weary are at rest,". finding in the cold shelter of the grave more of the reality of protection than he ever got from the corn-law.—( Great cheering.) Protection ! Why, what should they protect? Not a losing trade, for that was taxing all the community for the advantage ofe class; that was pursuing an object that could net. repay labour; not a thriving trade, for hat needed no protection.—(Cheers.) And why should any me ela...s be singled out? What was there in the recipient of e:nts that he was to be protected at. the expense of all the• rest of the community ?—(Cries of " Hear, hear.") Why not protect other classes of the. community ? Were not the artistand the poet as worthy of protection ? He dared to say that there-were m that great meeting perhaps some few Scotchmen .present--4 Hear, .hear, and laughter)—aud they might remember something of Robert Burns—(Cheers)—what did he want of protection—what did he gain by it? Nature made him a poet—aristocratic protection made him an excise man.—( Renewed cheering). His great protection, however, was his stout heart and strong arm.—(Cheers.) He knew that himself, for he says— " For . . me, so lew I need not bow, The Lord be thank'd, I still can plough." Yes ; and he boasted further, that he could even beg. For the independence of a beggar was to him more desirable than the pecuniary independence which was to be obtained by plan ' lering others of their rights and means- of subsistence.—( Hear, hear). It had been—said rightly by the gentleman who preceded him that the food of the people ought not to be made a subject of revenue. Indeed, what was a less • '.fitting source of revenue ?—( Hear, hear.) But then this ar gument was Met by . some advocates of the corn-laws with the 4 assert ion that the duty was necessary for protection. Yet, when . you came toeiamine the arguments of the advocates for the Asty, you would find that those who talked of protection meant ..revenue, and very often those who claimed revenue were strug ''r4l for_protection."—( Hear, hear.) Whether they talked of ~,:. ee;ie or pm .3tection, they were' only leading us by a round : .4.11 way to the same project of putting money into the pockets .tancalacks at, the expense of the community.—( Hear, hear.) Tisakti o • ;lit that the. circuitousness of the process mystified tbe.-anin. se. ' They were like the dishonest churchwarden.— ti(Lakoes and laughter, and cries of " Gibbs.") No, no ; he iiiiiebtot.n,eart.that person. 'There had been more diihonest chureirri4rdens , than ene..-="( Cheers :and laughter.) But still jirtiAlr i: ?. ) could not envy that peiion's position. However, it warstwi.ko him that he had alleded, but to a churchwarden of w hopl4 was related;* that, when-.he carried. round the sacra tner,,,4 D k j ,ta jo receive the offerings, he put saw-dust in his i.,,,...„'t0 prevent the shillings he : dropped in there from I F - : . ci • • i c al‘ . u31 i ,,,, ,- ...7 .,,,, t t c l a:iun g i tt i e . r. ) Theut. t. c orn-laws emeuey was were not the the land si" •""vg' -- 2-2,`'-` , ' .). -B hl h ) With such men (Cheere. ) That was not a 45auad.114zikanopy,.6:aupppraorpuraimate-endt,:_b7ialuseaer:t w e a a s r. done .noiselessly, and there s44srqi . - ub no compromise.— . . now, when weak'enti . "it wa snot -likely that they wou ld . reLtli,:lrblc,Vldifbetlhoenygmteouithi en-oLteaegemueprinumit;eprucisieenut cthoneyditwirre. V ' p th e e r y M %l itt e e r ff . r °. o r dl s t a h n a a t tmheanpeYO— ple ( i C u h Lu ee u rs d . e ) u And s h e e are m e i l g y btbe ima gine what, e s trength .of the League was . throughout dep th u e_ country. : "'would be worth while to send a tation in ' WA . .North, to mark the feelings of the people theei,lVied:the strength, intensity, and progressiveness 1 of their d •cliblib:4- to, the .cause .of free trade.—(Cheers.) It would call forth the deepett.sympathjea of human, nature , to 1 witness the multitudes of men, women, and 'Aiilx•en-,-of inas- 1 rAde 7-Ace Pr e je-'s t ;ht resin*, 40,1fiackc wert,, g .OYP 14117 - menk bt t i ßgric tB, con .gleV.ol3 - I , p_a fO -soul he p, pbn th i Onla: ti y o penni ter pa - kill pa tth es Ca f,t; teor. 1114; ' 4 g- F - r (Gtea Litson o )ski . n i king lzg• • 01 4 - lon e s qf .71 . l'4ht was 'Sgt.J??At / Vh !re 4X .6 1el "2 1. cart for some time to come. He was not at liberty to announce the names of those speakers that would ,address them n ex t Thurs day,.b.u.t. they IN-m.114 be announced" in the newspapes in the course-of a few days. The meeting then broke up at half-past ten o'clock. FRANCE. CHAMBER OF DEPUTIES.. SITTING OF JAN. 24. At two o'clock M. Sauzet, the President, took the chair, when the debate on the address was resumed. The paragraph under discussion was the following : " Your Majesty announces that you have concluded treaties of commerce with the King of Sardinia and the republics of of the Ecuador and of Venezuela, and that you are engaged in negotiations with other States in various parts of the world. We hope, Sire, that those treaties and negotiations, whilst they maintain to national labour the protection that its state demands, will open a wider career to the intelligent activity of the country." M. Gauthier de Rumilly, the first member inscribed to speak against the paragraph, said that he fully concurred with the Minister of Commerce in the propriety of adjourning the debate until the presentation of the Customs Bill announced by the Minister. M. Cunin Gridaine next rose, and assured the Chamber that the Bill was ready, and would shortly be submitted to the approbation of the Chamber. ,Taillandier afterwards asked the Minister for Foreign Affairs, if the negotiations with the United States, relative to the tariff, had been attended with any result ? M. Guizot replied, that the American tariff was not directed against French trade alone, but against the trade of all na tions ; that England had been aggrieved by it as well as France, and that there was no chance of obtaining redress from the present Congress, who were anxious that the tariff should continue in force. All the negotiations had hitherto produced no result ; but the next Congress would in all probability be more accessible to the complaints of England and France, and then fresh negotiations might be entered into with some chance of success. M. Taillandier observed, that France might have recourse to reprisals; but M. Guizot was of opinion that it was advisable to wait for the meeting of the next Congress. In answer to another question addressed to him by M. Ville neuve, M. Guizot declared that the treaties already concluded would be pre,ented to the Chamber, together with the Cus toms Bill, and that no other treaty should be concluded before the presentation of that Bill. M. Lacrosse, who next addressed the Chamber, complained of the little solicitude of the Government for the maritime re lations of France, of the neglected state of the colonies, of the abandonment to the Brazils of 10,000 square leagues belonging to French Guiana ; of the neglect of French interests in Mexico, guaranteed by the treaty of 1839 ; of the non-payment of the indemnity stipulated therein in favour of despoiled French citizens ; and of the insufficiency of the naval force maintained by Fiance in the Gulf of Mexico, &c. M. Guizot, in reply, said that the negotiations relative to the frontiers of French Guiana, which were formerly pending in the Brazils, were now conducted in Paris, and that they would be-brought, he hoped, to a speedy conclusion. As respected Mexico, he admitted the truth of some of the complaints of Lacrosse. It was perfectly true that the Mexican Government now arbitrarily levied on foreign merchandise duties of 20 per cent. ; that it had adopted a system of measurement which subjected French vessels to pay navigation duties by one-fourth or one-third greater than before ; that it had laid exorbitant duties on the export of precious metals, and had finally pro hibited French citizens from carrying on any retail trade within the republic, and allowed them only six months to dispose of their property. The Government, he said, had not overlooked those grievances, and its remonstrances had al ready induced Mexico to abrogate on the Bth of November, 1643, the measure relative to the tonnage. The English capi talists residing at Vera Cruz, who supplied the French retailers with goods, were interested in the decree being revoked, and the English Government had on her side addressed energetic remonstrances on the subject to the Mexican Republic. M. de Mackay, the Minister of 'Marine, in his turn, assured M. Lacrosse that the naval station in the Gulf of Mexico was sufficient for the protection of French trade in that Gulf. M. Glais Bizoin next inquired if the Minister of Marine had adopted measures to terminate the disastrous warfare raging on the banks of La Plata ? M. de Mackau rose, and communicated to the assembly two dispatches of Admiral Massieu, dated the 20th of October and 9th of November, 1843, from which it would appear that the resistance of Monte Video was prolonged by some French ad venturers settled in that country, and that the struggle was drawing to a close. Thus, continued M. de Mackau, France was on the point of reaping the fruit of the firm and enlight ened policy pursued by her during the last four years en the banks of La Plata. M. Mermillod, who followed, denied that the struggle was maintained only by French adventurers, and added that the most respectable merchants of that nation had been the first to give the signal of resistance and take arms to save the town from an assault by the troops of the ferocious Rosas. The Ad miral commanding the French station had offered a refuge to 17,000 Frenchmen on board the two or three vessels under his orders, on condition that they consented to lay down their arms and abandon their property ; but no efficacious protection. he insisted, was afforded to French citizens in that quarter, and he concluded by entering a proteit against the offensive expressions used by the Minister towards the French residents at Monte Video. Al. de Mackau again ascended the tribune, and repeated his previous statements ; he contended that the Frenchmen who had taken arms, and thus renounced their quality of French citizens, had forfeited all right to the protection of. the French flag ; but that all those who had taken no part in the civil war would be efficaciously protected. Admiral Alassieu had lately concluded to that effect a treaty with General Oribe, who pledged himself, in case he reduced Monte Video, to respect the persons and properties of the French who had not interfered in the civil discords of the country. M. Glais Bizoin here rose and said, thatsince Marshal Seba.t tiani had pronou nce d th ose wor d s, " Order reigns at Warsaw, he had not heard a more cruel expression than that used by the Alinister of Marine, in his exultation at the idea that the resist ance of Monte Video was drawing to a close. The voice of the speaker was here drowned by murmurs, and the rest of his 'observations did not reach the gallery. When order was re stored, the President put the paragraph under discussion to the vote, and it was 'carried without any opposition. The President then read the next paragraph—. " We shall examine with care the measures necessary for the execution of railroads and various other public works. We hail with eagerness the assurance that the 13111 which is to be presented to us on secondary instruction will, by satisfying the wishes of the Charter relative to the liberty of instruc tion, maintain the authority and influence of the State over public education." Two amendments to the latter part of the paragraph were proposed, _ _ • The President having observed• that it was necessary to divide the , paragraph into two parts, and discuss separately the passages relative to railroads and public instruction, 111. Muret de Bord was called to the tribune. The Chamber, however, paid no attention to his speech, in which we understood him to condemn the mode of construction of the railroads under the law of June, 1842. M. de Larochejacquelin, who spoke next, denounced the avidity of the dompanies, and recapitulated the enormods fits realised by those of the Orleans, Rotten, and Paris Rau" 'roads, and that of Avignon to Marseilles. Lacave Laplagne, the Minister of Finance, terminated the debate by observing that it was premature, and might be attended with inconvenience. The Chamb er next proceeded to discuss the question of the reedom of instruction. CITY OF WESTMINSTER ME— CHANICS' INSTITUTION. Dr. Hunter (of the Westminster Hospital School of Medi cine) gave last night a most lucid and interesting discourse on the structure and functions of the human body. The con spicuous feature of the lecture was its illustration by means ?' an anatomical m o d e l o f t h e ent i re h uman subject. This enabled the Lect urer , as h e re f erre d to the several organs digestion, respiration, circulation, and absorption, to denwn • strata their precise situation, form, and relation to other par ts ' The description of the apparatus by which these processes life carried on, was thus rendered peculiarly impressive. As I Z architecture and engineering, a substantial type of the origins such as a model presents, surpasses all other expedients 1?1 which an idea of complicated details can he imparted—so in the animal mechanism, what would baffle the encil of the m ost faithful limn er t o represent i n di agram, is made as distin e,. (perhaps to th e genera l o b server more so ) as the nice or i g ins ," " in this beautiful " counterfeit presentment" of the "human form divi ne ." N ot hi ng cou ld surpass the breathless eager ness of the audience to mark the removal of the successive layers of mus c l e , di sc l os i ng t h e contents of the chest ; a n d as t." Doctor brou g ht th ese severa ll y i nto v i ew he gave a d es el; tion (divested of all technicality) of the masticatory o rgans, gullet, stoma c h, li ver , h eart, an d l ungs; thus tracing t h e foci from its pleasant stimulation of the nerves of taste, through t its transformations in the animal laboratory, till it becomes Pt . of the textures of those vessels themselves, and of every an stance, of which, th a t " b reat hi ng wor ld , " a man, i s comp licate; To show the beautiful mechanism of the gullet (or cesoph afl u n s ; and that even fluids do not pass through it by mere weight, gravitation, he instanced the mountebank's feat of water up a hill" by drinking it while standing on his be ad ' and therefore pouring up instead of down. The lecturer el - the difference between the voluntary and involuntag or unconscious functions, and exemplified it by showing th at .i,. the nutritive system the voluntary action ends with the avr‘q, lowing of the food, beautifully observing that here nature asset her her power, and takes the completion- of the process into t e, own hands—for all beyond is automatic, and proceeds 3,1'7 4 without man's thought or volition. Dr. Hunter treateci4, subject in the reverential tone of a true teacher, and in utterl o ; his otrn deep admiration of the infinite wisdom displayed in ot human structure, he evidently rendered every one pre° " pourq lively participator in this ennobling emotion. NORTH LAMBETH PHILANTHROPIC INSTITUT/140'r, The seventh anniversary dinner of this Institution was ~cpet; brated at Mr. Bryon's, the New Bell, York-street, Lanw -- .' on Wednesday last, and was numerously and respectal4 , tended. The Society, although less important than E° others of a similar nature, it being a district Society , ° t i l l , from the spirit e d manner i n which it is supported 14, the tradesmen and othe rs i n t h e i mmediate neighbourhoo d, an the great care with which the funds are disbursed, reflects greatest credit upon all those who have taken an active PaP ou t its management, and who interest themselves in darrYi n g ti ts so laudable an object, which enables them to relieve the I, and distresses of their poor unfortunate fellow-creatures, 70,, from illness or want of employment, may have fallen into suits porary distress. By the assistance of this Society Ine„,nt. s uns individuals have been rescued from utter destitution. s pa of between 30W. and 4001. has been received in d on ations subscriptions, and the greater pa r t o f thi s money has b e n,, ci bussed for the purp os e o f p rov idi ng t h e di s t re ssed witre lief ,e and comfort. The s ur pl us i n h an d w ill b e ap plied to the the of distr es s e d an d d eserv i ng o bj ects. Th e conapaaY ! th the above interesting occasion separ a ted hi g hly delighted vi t ' de, good and philanthr o pi c f ee li ng di sp l aye d by all prelT n for th. toasts and speeches - manifested the a n xiety felt by c ondi welfare of the institution, and their satisfaction was proved by the compliments paid to the worthy host. of que rs • .THE SECRET PASSION.—The numerous re :th Wer e works of imagination will, we have no doubt, learn than ordinary gratification that th e author of those truly,' rote, productions, " Shakspea re an d Hi s Friends," anu n ler'S Youth of Shakspeare,' has prepared for them an entertain _ R h the of the most attractive kind, in a novel just published, w story title of " The Secret Passion ;" in which be fiT nd - :e s w 6--- t ° these literal on w ith of very singular interest, varied in a manner a ltogf n n s er of the novel reader, with the most striking delineation. flings, important agents in the great drama of life, the both under merely physical influences, and in co-nr__ b e char' the highest intellectual cultivation. This work" IsTL.,,, s , acterised as a romantic and picturesue passionstudy from yr, a ! colourid with the glowing hues of and poetry, l' e u ou bnc culated, we think, to make a lasting impression On "`, mind. TS °rdsllll3 DEPARTURE OF LORD ELIOT. - warn sailed last night for England, in her Majesty'sd felt as the Urgent. It would seem that the Noble 14 .? r ros ecti" much di gust at the continuance of the State Pearlyls4 Lion, as he did at its commencement. He was and mends absent last term, at the commenceln.onlL. Will now goes Off for a month before the conclusto yi -tt ri be have a.pretty story to tell the Prime Minister,.,nt,?s sees him.. We are sorry he did not wait for _ llu ver y err comical proceedings. He might then recount ven U ing POO tertaining series of break-clowns.—Dublin .t; Tileaday. :ZI.;013 " ' -1)1:4 01 34 4342 - 9 k u isztatanwa *At ui haws SPZTtI' ~j"