The Sun. — London, England, 1844-03-04 00:00:00

DRURY-LANE THE.A.TRE. _ /..11 is b ust l e an d preparat i on h ere, nove lty succeeding pelty in the most rapid succession ; for no soo ner is the Beauty o f Ghent launched, than Guillaume Tell is V: c ed upon th e stoc k s. N otw i t h s t an ding The Bohemian rl and Mademoiselle Fleury's exquisite performance firhe tie— . w ballet con ti nue t o fill the theatre, Duprez, the 11 . rained Fren c h tenor, is arrived, and positis ely makes 4 PPearance on Thursday next. He has paid us the Ir)plinient of studying the character of Arnold in o w n g l utge. and no doubt can be entertained of his uchiev -4 a brilliant triumph. JULLIEN'S . BAL MASQUE. This affai r t a k es p l ace at C ove nt ga rden Theatre to -l 4 t ' a nd will, if all we hear be carried out , be a most magnificent entertainment. The "Bal" is under high Patronage and so much have the Nobility en tered into the of the matter , t h a t ever y p r iv a te box, except that v ? ll ging to her M a j es ty, was disposed of prier toFreday, 'ulst the places in the dress circle and the three fr o n t b 8 of the two upper tier of boxes, have also been ta ke n t A,Parties who ar e a n x ious to be present in the charac - A ;°%spectators of the " busy and varied scene" below. th " 44 thtional attractions there will be a large body of g eneral of the Highland Society, the new wonder elletal Tom Thumb" the dwarf, and the Ojibbeway i n liut we apprehend that the chief feature of the even s-g, independent of the acknowledged object of the iinitertainment, will be the splendour of the dresses of 74 6 nobility, many of - whom, we understand, have inti mated their intention of coming in the- dresses they had made for the Bat Masque which was given by her ti „.2tY, at Buckingham Palace, two years since. The f o ,:"'" . °us expense which was incurred on that occasion t he apparel of the visitors will not have escaped the eeolleetion of the public. or la order t o a dd com f or t to the other accommodations th e night, a new carpet, to the extent of 1,050 yar ds, c.." ,' be laid down, reaching from the front of the dress removed)e the pit, to the orchestra (which will be t r,, to the back of the stage. Then the columns t h t he different boxes will be wreathed with artificial Ras, whilst the eclairage will combine the effects of i - 0 1 oil, and candles. We may here mention that one 4 i:qua of the gorgeous display of light will issue from 0,.,,, e ut-glass chandeliers, each of the value of between ' 4 7 1 . and 1,200/., Whilst another portion' will proceed lamps of or-molu of the most expensive nature. " 1 Pt,n2e arrangements with respect to the dancing will, if 'ncied to by the visitors, be of the most efficient cha taetEr • Six masters of the-ceremonies, each carrying a A' of office, have been appointed, whose sole duty it h ue to make up and regulate the various " sets," Truler for quadrilles, for the waltz, or for the galop. t Zefie officials will act under the immediate superintend of himself. o bfg _ a ell, with respect to the music ; surely it is almost hail to say that - Jullien and Jullien's orchestra, of 2imnenade concerts, are to be the band at whose ae t 7, and the Terpsichorean devotee will be called into sig," 4, to sati s fy ev ery one that there will be no lack of ir i t and no lack of excellence in the musical depart - Stie Zt• But it does not follow, although we have heard 414 ;a rnmour, that because the Bal Masque is given by it th en, therefore that all the music is to beJullien's. For I,,C,,,,haPpens that he has_put out a programme of that •6 11t i`a istto be played during the night, from which we ▪ 4t he has selected the beauties of Musard, • Kcenig Strauss, Lanner, Auber, Costa, Cooke, • trwcz , In addition to many of the most popular of his del,': .Nzpositionti. , There will likewise be a Scotch for which' the .native music of Scotland will be lo; Yed by I'VE - Ay, the piper to the late Duke of Sussex. Dia tl l, ,there will be 49 quadrilles, waltzes, and galops c e if,r ;' 'a number sufficiently abundant, we should con -I,i* for the most ardent of dancers. -- is th e re are distinct entrances to the honte, inasmuch t1 00 ,„„.° 26 who take part in the bat will enter at different bo —4 7 s to tho4e appropriated for the occupants of the khe affair will be the most brilliant we have ever had oiuntiy.—Observer. 4110 1 ,,,•' COURT CIRCULAR et:We Queen will hold a Privy Council this afternoon ele c t.: , ..., It •-thgnara ralace. Pr; er Majesty and Prince Albert, accompanied by the a le ., ~ . A1i,,,,,' °I Wa le s, the Princess• Royal-, and the Princess th e s'., and attended by Lady Portman, Lady in Waiting, e „'"crwager Lady Lyttelton, the . Hon.- Colonel Grey, Vl e ,rrY in Waiting, and Colonel Wylde, Equerry in te;rtng on Prince Albert, left Windsor Castle on Sa -06,17 afternoon, and proceeded to the Slough station their Great Western Railway. The Royal party took ki l t departure for town by a special train, and on ar th;4g at the Paddington terminus, immediately entered ll t ;, e t . eo f the Royal carriages and four, and proceeded to to o - r 7 B A t ightun Palace, escorted by a party of Light Dra -41 the first carriage were her Majesty and Prince er carriage t, and Lady Portman, In the second 1 / 4 u' , eir Royal Highnesses the Prince of Wales, the ' the b eg g Royal, and the Princess Aliee, accompanied by ere wager Lady Lyttelton. And in the third carriage Colonel the Honourable Charles Grey and Colonel Majesty kt t y 7 --atiesty and Prince Albert arrived at the Palace the i e l 4 tY minutes past i four o'clock, and were received by R on ° uourable 'Misses Murray and Lister, Maids of ki," ° .„ 9. the Master of the Horse, the Vice-Chamber• (1, 0 1 „ 44) „ r d..ytt ron and Sir Robert Otway, the Lord and ~. e th 1 7" in Waiting, the Master of the Household, and Lor c r ilr cluill of Granby . and Sir Edward Bowater, the ~ and Equerry to Prince Alber!. . • .th e 4 ue Royal standard was immediately displayed from , marble , t arch. • k llterday morning her Majesty and Prince Albert, .: Ladies and Gentlemen of the Royal Suite, and the J• 'lit 11 446 14-old attended Divine service in the private chape l Coe —ue kingham Palace. The Hon. and R ev. C. Leslie tirt l i f,, Ji naY officiated. le t 4-4 , ior-G'eneral Sir Edward Bowater has relieved Co • Il o e t,Wlde in the duties of Equerry in Waiting on his Pt Highness Prince Albert.. Ay t e , r . ,Royal Highness the Duchess, of Kent, attended • L o d r . a °Y Fanny Howard, left her residence, Frogmore 'I- tle v 6 „ e s , near Windsor, soon after eight o'clock on Satur lii• 'ruing, in a carriage and four, on a visit to her c kt i : g t7 th e Queen Dowager, at Witley Court, Wor s' zh r i s ,,dre• Her Royal Highness travelled by route of it ia rge to the Watford station of the London and glatii l4 g h aul Railway, and ,took her departure from that 11, , . . • tar 4 d C abinet Council was held at three o'clock on S&- L), s i.Y afternoon, at the Foreign-office. It was attended '', ,:14, 1 ,„ r Robert Peel, the Duke of Wellington, the Lord •Ctri - ' e ° o r, Lord Wharncliffe, the Duke of Buccleuch, Er e ; 3 ' Aberdeen, Lord Stanley, the Chancellor of the li t ; i ' e ciller, Earl of Haddington, Earl of Ripon , 'Sir -1 7 Rardinee and Sir Edward Knatchbull. The •Jr yy , 9 4 0 ". 74 ° 1 1- W. E. Gladstone subsequently joined his EU. • • . It& "". T 4 Council sat two hours. 11 11h : r un de Ni eumu aii, Austrian Minister, and Mr. de etiZraelauer, transacted business at the Foreign-office i i i i tta r d ay ha 4 i ' Marquis of Westmeath and Mr. William Wyon oil s 4 ,4!iiews with Lord Stanley, at the Colonial-office, '4"lrtlay, ci i4 e Postmaster• General had an interview with the tOceller roofhe Exchequer on Saturday, at his official ir nee Downing-street. Ive te lg Patches from the Governor of Newfoundland Pat e h r eceived yesterday at the Colonial-office. Dis the k e g Wer e received on Saturday from the Governor of Tiauritius lt •,..) • ko hl . 431 shop of London held an Ordination yesterday 441 111 1 ,g, in the Chapel Royal, St. James's, when his I ,atiatip ordained nine gentlemen to the office of Priest, • t , 4l v, / 8 ,,,„.&gen gentlemen to the office o at the The %m n •• ri esley assisted his Lordship at the ceremony, pre g Previously performed Divine service, and also aabed the,,, -utt sermon at the early service. e hop of Ely preached the sermon yesterday in e / t hgPel Royal, St. James's. Prayers were read by t 4 ai er- Mr. Barham, and the lessons by the Rev. Mr. .„0114 7 t . The Sacrament was administered by the Sub- The i z i gglita t ati by thg Rev. Messrs. Barham and Povah. t ets, rgrquises of Anglesey, WormaPhy. and Winches .' • ,b %qr. ,cla Devon, Ernest - Bruce, and Ebringtan, were t " nobility present. ,-- 41I ORTiNG INTELLIGENCE. CHESTER—FRIDAY. • . 1111 / i e peculators Liverpool, and not a bet made. ' , .kir ‘,. -TON-PA.RK STFEPLE CHASE.—FnmAy. • ' ` 4 or, r t i NFt of 20 boys. each, h ft, with 100 added; 3 miles. 4 ier • ,I,eftei Crar, 12st 1 0 (Owner 1 'te'tAtai ll t'ne; ; ltsfipetpf,, I?§t (Mr. A. Moore 2 r. Cr F rances renua, 1 44 • Ey, l y'rerd's The Returned (Mi. I - I: t ttttttttttt) fell. tileh e ' l l en The Returned, 3to 1 agst Caesar. Lord Maid. th, declared to *in with Caesar; Emperor, therefore, made ' 4417 1 : 14 , 11 ing . t0 within a short distance of home, where he • itlti l y, 4 7 to Caesar, who won by two lengths. The Returned . ,vu Into the brook. ' t,ir iletstakes of 10 sovs. each, with 50 added ; l2st each. tir. O,,Ld• Stanley's Charley (Lord E. Russell) 1 k r j,:ce na Lightning -p's Corsair .,- 3 t7 row• ull ,2 l ring also ran •—Sir.G. Houston's Curiosity, Mr. ' 1 4 1 § 4 , s ;i r 's k•ballenge Mr.. Stanley's Kildare, Mr. 'Wilkinson 1 4 ;. , 14 --e Y , and Mr . l : l Williams' Effendi. Charley took the - Yh t rt ill; c4l . h , horse that cleared the brook, and won ~,, '` •Wci Wigtbl• tt...• 4 • 4 4.b,,.. ~. COURSINa. 4 1 :c.rtk lc' , VLUIS BIRETING, Pen, 29 Alin M•AliCii 1.-rTir talti n ` l PPY Stakes (6 Subs), were won by Mr. Little 's . - 14 4 „ g; the Si x Dogs Stakes, by Mr. V. Prior's Pluck ; ` g e All T .,LIVE D "aged Stakes (8 dogs), by Mr. Smyth's Maiden. I 'leco n4 1 1 .: 0 0L COURSING IbIEETING—SKrunDY . ~tat 1{„ as for the Cup.--Hostess beat Ajax ; Specula tion .. . 84 .r t b. --- X; s n i t a e w . ling; Dressmaker beat Streamer; fawn* b li Ird T It.liitilpti z b er zsi o r ta S n p i e a c . ultti on beat Hostess (drawn) ; Dress el --. ‘ - t - 0111 '40.-11r. Slater's Speculation beat Mr. F''' esth-r. • ~ ' %, Irst T ie , a -et, Sll4 Tfett} the CR. fie' b ut for the W a t er l oo Purse.., Bugle beat Screw ; • 41 • 1 4 to b ate' Croftona beat Billy-go•by-'em ; Rowena Thi r d Ties. - - -• • Itk—Tram beat Bu le • Rowena beat Croftons. Til l il". l g Course. PM g 1 M B e's i:f, 1 .4 . 4.0.‘,,, n the ~ u r r . se E . den's Rowena beat r. agg 11l ' a vro b • ' ,11 4 4 :il Co u g . 4f,V p the. dos beaten in the fi rst round . lito t ,'„. B Park:tl - ",,,, 11 :411mq li94.'sNngn - P4ilit ; Prit011.1.444: k - ".eer, ~ b 'eV, a 'bye ; Hector beat Young Priam t 44 ' beat ba ngre a ntrill 1 .1(4et Oarisnd ; Wing beg Comma; ) 1 , irst Ti e r. e ; c _,5..---13riton beat BirdlimeL Hector beat Sparks of ,S T !sco b r4,' , P beat Mounseer ; Brocade beat Danger. liZecidiTT;'°6l.o,--Briton beat Hector; Cantrip beat Brocade. ~,,,i w, 'e ifeetourrse.—Dr: Brown's Cantrip beat Mr. •M. ... At ..lars tA It. _ IG , and won the Stakes. ~,, k r : . Ni sti l . - !, 11 51 Exyma.—TheCup (6 dogs) was won by -, i . ...A1 414, 1 1tri c i,7;4) - ,',,l' i t,ertis ; the Patten Stakes (8 dogs), by n 3 , a „,...1 c%, ~.l s; ArA 4l Y '" I g ' Itncl 'ali* . - 8 4} 1 .1iR4 §l*tt;.: 17 Mr. At were -••• Len * p Ole,/ W°l l by 'm En . 26.—the ;cad Nantwtakes of 16 sova. IQ by m Scott's r. Edleton's Envelope the Scurry Stakes to 3czn,t r. Sanl C i h t i t il/V ell'a l' 'k b it • 28, —The Boxhill Stakes were won by Mr. 14 11 .ty'l-Q 01 ,,,,_, Amburgh ; the Deepden Stakes, bv Mr. "Lw; and t h e Brockham Stakes, by Ur. Young's GR7 :AT FIRE AT MANCHESTER. (Abridged from a Second Edition of the Manchester Guardian.) We stop the press, to announce the most extensive and destru, !tine conflagration with which Manchester has beeen v isited for some years. Shortly after six o'clock, a smok - se and some flame was discovered in the ending and monding room, in the basement story of Mr. Wil liam Bryan's warehouse, Nu. 9, George-street. It was seen Iv some joiners, by a young man named Elijah Green, and by others, so that the alarm was quickly spread, .and appears to have been promptly . conveyed to the police yard ; for Mr. Rose says he received it about ten minu.'es after six, and immediately, with his sun and a company of firemen, proceeeded to the spot. When Mr. Rose arrived, the flames were rushing out of the windows of she warehouse of Messrs. Nelson, Knowles, and Co.; and they had .also extended to the back of the pile of buildings in Pine-street. Four of the engines were got into working order within ten minutes after their arrival ; but, although there were crowds asseml)led, the terrific appearance of the flames by this time, deterred men from volunteering, as is usual, to work the engines; and Mr. Rose found it ne cessary to send to the police-offime, for the soldiers to take this duty. Mr. Rose, jun., also dispatched a mes senger to the infantry barracks on the same errand; and several companies of the 32d, and -we believe also of another regiment, were sent in succession, some with their arms to guard the property, and to keep the streets clear, and others to assist at she engines and in remov ing.the piece goods, to places of safety. There was a fresh breeze (W. by S.) which carried the flames towards York-street, and the whole of the -great pile or block of buildings in which the fire originated, was speedily enveloped in flames. This rapidity of the conflagration was the result of the construction of these warehouses, which were built only a few years ago. All the outer whllr, and indeed most of the walls of - the various floors were lined inside with wood ; every warehouse had its well-hole, and the whole were too much connected in the attic stories and roofs ; so that when the fire reached the top of one warehouse; to which it speedily ascended by the well-hole, having made its way to the timber of the roof, it was carried by the breeze, like wild-fire, along the whole range, Mr. Ro4e sOon . saw that it was hope less to attempt to save any portion of this block, of which the roofs fell in as' early as half-past six o'clock, and from that time he directed his attention chiefly to the surrounding warehouses, which at various, points wet e repeatedly on fire, and several of them in the most im minent danger. The block of buildings destroyed is bounded oa the northerly end by York-street, on the westerly side by George-street, on the easterly side by Pine-street, and on the southerly end by Chain-street and St. James's Church-yard. This block of warehouses is, about sixty yards (twenty-four windows) in length by forty yards (thirteen windows) in width ; and was of uniform height, comprising seven stories, above the ground, and a base ment story. At the end of the block, fronting York street, were the entrances to the warehouses of Messrs. Ainsworth and Hilton, silk manufacturers, No. 32,York street ; and No. 34, Messrs. - Winkworth and Proekter's, silk manufacturers, corner of York-street and Pine-street. Below this, in the basement story, was the warehouse of Messrs. Milne, Travis, and Milne ; but fortunately for them, they had removed only the preceding day to Moult street. Under the warehouse of Mr. Charles Townsend, in the basement story, was that of Messrs. Joseph Thompson and Sons, cotton-spinners and manufacture In York -street, at the opposite corner of Pine-street, to Winkworth and Procter's, is the warehouse of Messrs. John and Francis Makin and Co., silk munnfacturers. This was on fire, and has sustained some damage ; but, by the exertions of the firemen, the flames were extin guished, and most of the goods were got out. At the back of the block, in Pine-street,' was the warehouse of Messrs. Amschel, Tobler, and Co., merchants. This we believe is almost wholly destroyed, as 'indeed are all the warehouses in the same block. From an early period of the fire, the contiguous churchyard of St. James's, was used as a temporary place of deposit fur goods, as they were thrown out of the different warehouses; and between eight and nine o'clock, they were transferred to the side of the yard next Charlotte-street, and were thence removed in carts, In this labour, .many of the' soldiers, the police, and others were' most actively engaged for more than an hour. ELsvzx o'CLocK.—Upon another visit to the place we find that all danger to the surrounding property is at an end ; that the flames are quite subdued, and that workmen are engaged in pulling down such portions of the walls as, from their warped state, threaten to fall. ' The pile of warehouses, which is now a heap of ruins, was erected 'only a few years ago, by the Rev. James Taylor. At the lowest computation, including both the buildings and the stocks which have been consumed, there cannot be a less amount of prdperty destroyed than to the extent of 100,000/. Indeed, we fear this sum will be'very much under the amount, for we have heard of three or four firms who are said to be insured nearly to that amount. How the fire originated we have not been able to ascertain. [We have received accounts by the last train from Manchester, which state that the destruction of property is not so great as is supposed, and that at the most it will not exceed 80,0001. Much credit is given by our, Correspondent to the firemen, the soldiers, and also to the inhabitants, who vied with each other in their exer tions to stop the conflagration. —En. Sun.] THE CLOTHING MANUFACTURES FOREIGN WOOL TRADE, LEEDS, MARCH I.—There have been a few fresh arrivals of German wool in this market within the last two or three days, which have given a little more life to the trade; and there is every reason to suppose they will meet with a ready sale at fair prices. • ENGLISH WOOL MARXET,"LEEDS, 3,lsucti I.—During the present week sales of combing wools have been smaller than of late, and prices are stationary. The consumption still. continues undiminished. There is a steady business doing in short wools at firm prices. WAKEFIELD WOOL MARKET, MARCH I.—Although few sales have been effected in any description of wool this week, holders are firm, at full quotations. LEEDL—This week the cloth halls have been very thinly supplied with goods of such kinds as are in pre sent demand, the manufacturers being in a great mea sure engaged in delivering to order; the consequence has been that low-priced cloths, tweeds, &c., have been readily sold at a trifling advance, but not equal to the late advance in the prico of wool. Fine and middle qualities continue to be in very limited demand, and prices are without any alteration. There has been a fair quantity of business done in the warehouses by the home buyers, and the houses engaged in the - . shipping trade are busier than usual at this season. BRADFORD, THURSDAY.—We cannot learn • f any al teration in the demand for piece goods; which for some time past . has been very steady. If any change in prices, thereas a shade in favour of the manufacturer. Yarns continue in steady • request' r. -po l stocks' on hand ; the spinners generally working tortwder, and late prices fully maintained. There is not so much wool changing hands as there was a few - weeks past, nor is there any disposition on the part•of the holders to offer. on easier terms, for the stocks in /he hands of the farmers being low, there is no chance to replace such at lower rates. TRADE o 5 : MANCHESTER, THURSDAY EVENING.— We continue very inactive in our Cloth market, unless for printing cloths ; the latter article continues very brisk sale, at highly remunerating•prices. - This cannot con tinue long, as many firms not accustomed to produce this article are now turning their attention to these fabrics. A moderate business is doing in shirtings for China and India, at prices current for the last fortnight. The stand made in Liverpool, or rather the small decline, has tended to check business. Domestics are still heavy sale—no large purchasers appearing. This is also the case with grey fustians, of which latter stocks are on the in crease.—Twist, in low numbers, without change ; but finer and good qualities, suitable for the Bradford market, are in great demand, and pay the spinners well.—Leeds Mercury. THE ORDNANCE ESTIMATES.—The estimates of the office of Ordnance (including barracks,. surveys of the United Kingdom, commissariat, and military and civil superannua tions) for the year 1844-45, have just been printed by order of the House.of Commons. The total sum to be voted for the current year amounts to 1,840,0641., which is less by 9,078/. than the amount voted in the year 1843-44. There will he appropriated, for ordinary, 621,599/. ; for extra ordi naries; 1,020,991/. ; superannuated; 163,680/. ; and for commis sariat supplies, 174,6881: niaking 'altogether an amount of 1,980,9581. As, however, sums to the amount of 140,8941. re main to the credit of the Ordnance-office, the estimates for the current year are of course reduced to 1,840,064/. W4NDsoR, FRIDAY.—The second battalion of the Soots Fusilier Guards,-under the command of Colonel Berke ley Drummond,: arrived at Windsor this morning, by rail way from Paddington to Slough, from St. George's Barracks, and relieved ,the third battalion of the Grenadier Guards, which proceeded to town by the Great Western Railway. During the Whole of the period the Grenadier Guards were in garrison at Windsor, the conduct of the privates was of the most orderly, peaceable, and quiet description. TIIE STATE OF IRELAND--PROPOSED MEETING AT BIRMINGIIAM.—We are glad t. learn that the spirited in habitants of Birmingham intend to hold a public meeting in the Town-hall they on Wednesday next, on the present state of Ireland. The meeting has been called by the Mayor, on a requisition signed by twenty-eight town-councillors, and seven hundred burgesses and other inhabitants, subscribed in one day. Mr. O'Connell hasaccepted an invitation to attend. The Mayor will.preside. DEAD ALEN'S ATOTES.—In. the division lists of the House of Lords, last week, on the Marquis of Normanby's motion on Ireland, the name of Viscount Sidmouth appears in the majority in favour of the Government, although he was dead at the time the vote was given. So much for dead men's votes ,and voting 'by' proxvl BRISTOL AND EXETER LIAILWAY.—We refer the shareholders in this concern to the gratfiying . report of the proceedings at:the half-yearly 'meeting, held at the White Lion, Broad-street, on Thnisday last ; from which it will be seen that the affairs of : : the Company are in the most satisfactory condition.- After deducting all expenses, it appears that the Great Western Company have derived on their lease a profit of 5,000/. for the last half-year, or -year on the line to Beambridge ; and when openedll. a to Exeter, there can be no doubt that the profits w ill b e greatly increased. Indeed, taking into con4isiga, flan flew • oppp4tgcl enptinnltign Ofnli!le to Ptytnontii, and a i sp prObability ot 'Cornwall speedily following, t h e exim ple of neighbouring Counties, by the. construction of tend materially to aug gfitiltiltvatt.braffiatlicaofliw.thheichlirTsralesaliNtidil Exeter, nothing can be more encouraging than its prospects—and it certainly bids fair to become one of the best paying lines in the kingdom. Contrasting the state of affairs now and four years ago, the shareholders of this railway have reason to be satisfied with the manner in which the general business has been conducted. Since-the half-yearly meeting was held, we hear that notice has been .given by, the Directors of the Bristol and ExnteT aoMPOY,IO4VPihT4 Tie mcl tilo Citc#Wel Company, that e Jae 'CiOnbri( ge t x efg ready to be opened for public traffic on the first of May next, —Bristol Mercury. MANCHESTER, LEEDS, AND HULL ASSOCIATED RAILWAY COMPANY'S RETURNS.—Week ending Feb. 24th, 1844--PasSengers, parcels, merchandise, &c, 5,349/. 10s. 3d. COlTesPOlldillgWeiliilll 1843, 4,4811,19& Oilowaulladvertinr, 90 1 0 tioqr° ay. Pr THE SUN, MAGAZINES-CONCLUDED. COLONIAL MAGAZINE. This is a carefully conducted periodical, and con tains a vast mass of useful colonial information, ga thered from a variety of sources. In the Number before us we find some entertaining recollections, ac companied by wood engravings, of "Algeria in the year 1843." NDON, MOW JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE. A Journal, as may be surmised from its title, wholly of a practical . character, and appealing for the most part to the tastes of agriculture. The informa tion it contains is various, and appears to be judi ciously condensed and well arranged. UNITED SERVICE MAGAZINE. The two most entertaining articles in this Number are—first, an account of a "Five Days' Retreat of a Turkish Army," in which there are many stirring and even dramatic incidents ; and secondly," Military Anecdotes and Sketches of Character." In this last article, Major Wilkie, the author, gives a brief and piquant sketch of the late Captain Dormer, who, ac cording to the Major's account, must have been one of the most inveterate gastronomists on record, "hav ing a pure love of the art, which, like other loves, be came a passion, and a reigning one." DUBLIN UNIVERSITY MAGAZINE. There is here a very tedious essay on " Mesme rism," which, so far as we can see, comes to no defi nite conclusion, but leaves the subject in the same perplexed state in which it found it. In the article quaintly headed " Nuts and Nut-Crackers," we find some smart and pertinent references to the "Humane Society," who, it seems, take a world of trouble to save a man from drowning, but pay no attention to him, even though starving, until animation is sus pended. " Arrah Neil" is another of Mr. James's works of fiction; it is agreeably written, but is not much elevated above common-place. • ILLUMINATED MAGAZINE. We are glad to renew our acquaintance with the " Chronicles of Clovernook," which are here resumed, after having been discontinued for several months. The allegory—or alligator, as Mrs. Malaprop would call it—is a little too mystical in places, but a careful attention on the part of the reader will enable him to perceive its drift, and to appreciate the truly ca tholic spirit that pervades it. We have been struck with, the following thought, which, if not absolutely new—as what thought is ?—is tersely and forcibly expressed:—" Happy is the man who can say, peace giving bed. For, oh, what a rack to the spirit of man may be found in goose-down! You are in bed, peace-giving bed, you say ; it is deep night, and in that solemn pause you seem to feel the pulse —to hear the very heart of time. You try to think of many things, but the spirit or demon of the bed sets up yourself before yourself—brings up your doings to the bar of your own conscience ; and what a set of scurvy gaol-birds may be found among them! They peep in at your curtains, crowd in at the foot of your bed, and though you have no rushlight you see their leering, sneaking faces." " 'Winter the King, and Spring the Poet," is a translation from the S wedish of Vitalis. It is a very graceful lyric ; the versification is uniformly harmonious in its cadence ; and the thoughts and images, of which it is full, are _developed with vigour and freedom. We hope to see more translations from the pen of the same author. Of the remaining articles the most in teresting is a tale entitled " The Monastery of Dove dale," which is embellished with a very choice engraving.. 711 E BUILDER. Four Numbers of this illustrated weekly periodical are comprised in this Part, which contains—in addi tion to several appropriate engravings, among which is an ingenious design for an Infant School—a variety of original articles having reference chiefly to archi tectural subjects and matters connected with the me chanical arts. SPORTING REVIEW. The Number before us is embellished with two sporting prints—one entitled " An Otter Hunt," and the other, " Sport on the Coast." The first appears to us the best—at any rate it is the most animated, and represents a wild sylvan scene, through which a brooklet is making its way, tumbling down rocks overshadowed by deep woods. In the midst of this scene two sportsmen are standing, busily engaged in the task of spearing an otter, whom the dogs have succeeded in rousing from his cave. The animal's face expresses a world of ferocity, and the attitudes of the sportsmen are full of spirit. The literary con tents are of average merit. SPORTING MAGAZINE. In addition to a portrait of a fine sporting dog, and a map of the :places of meeting of the Allbrighton Hunt, we have, in this Number, a carefully arranged digest of all the sporting intelligence of the past month ; together with some just animadversions on the practice of riding steeple-chases, which the writer condemns as being both cruel and absurd. " Steeple racing," he says, " opens a field to the veriest bungler in the art of gentlemanlike robbery and rascality. How any man in his senses can sport his money on such an event, unless he is one of a gang, strikes me with perfect astonishment, for here all judgment, all knowledge of the relative powers of horses, all calcu lation on former runnings, is thrown away." CHURCH OF ENGLAND MAGAZINE. Burns, London, 1844. Of this monthly periodical which, it seems, is under the superintendence of clergymen of the Established Church, we have here six Numbers, beginning with July, and ending with the December of last year. They are bound together in a large quarto volume, and form a body of useful information, chiefly on reli gious matters. SACRED ARCHITECTURE. Parts I, 11. These are the two first Parts of amonthly quarto pe riodical, which it is proposed to complete in 21 Parts, so as to form one thick handsome volume. The sub ject is a striking and a comprehensive one, and if cleverly treated, is likely, we think, to find favour in the public eye. The specimens of illustration before us possess more than ordinary talent, especially the sketch of the facade of an Egyptian temple of Isis, in which great pains-taking and delicacy of handling are perceptible. THE LADIES' CABINET. A cheap monthly Journal, well suited to the tastes of those for whose amusement it is principally in tended, and containing in the present month's Num ber a pleasing half-length portrait of a young peasant girl, who is carrying a basket of flowers on her head ; a sketch of the latest female fashions—matters of great importance in a work of this sort—and divers tales and poems of the most approved sentimental complexion. OUR MESS. Under the apt title of " Our Mess" Mr. Lever here continues his story of " Tom Burke of Our's," which has already reached its fifteenth Part, and is there fore, we presume, drawing to a close. The scene of the present Part is chiefly in Paris, whither Burke has gone immediately after the decisive battle of Austerlitz. We hope he will soon be engaged in more stirring scenes, for Mr. Lever no where exhibits his talents to such advantage as in describing battles and sieges, and all the imposing paraphernalia of war. Doubtless he has the memo rable Prussian campaign in his eye, and will send his hero Burke to Jena or Auerstadt, where we shall re joice to find him hard at work. Mr. Lever depicts the bivouacs-'—the flying skirmishes—the pitched battles—the forced marches—and the hurried retreats —of armies, whether French or English—for he seems equally at home among both—with as much truth and force, as Boz depicts the low flash life of the metropolis. LONDON POLYTECHNIC MAGAZINE. We find some curious particulars in this month's Number of the Polytechnic Magazine respecting the "Arts and Manufactures of the Esquimaux," who, it would appear, by Dr. King's account, are not quite SO devoid of ingenuity as has been generally sup posed, but build their tents with singular skill, and show equal tact in their boat-building, and in their manufacture of the implements of chase. Among the other articles before us, there is a sensible, matter of-fact one on the subject of the " Carriage-ways of England." SOCIETT OF ANCIENT BRITONS.—The 130th anni versary of the Society of Ancient Britons was celebrated on Friday, being St. David's day, at the Freemasons' Tavern, Great Queen-street. The festival was well attended, and in justice to the proprietor of the tavern, it must be said that the preparations made for the guests and the whole arrangements were better than on many former celebrations. The chair was taken at half-past six o'clock by Sir J. Bonn Walsh, Bart., -M.P., supported by the Duke of Newcastle, Lord Yowls, the lion. Mr. Clive, the Hon. Mr. Trevor, Sir W. W. Wynn, Colonel Wood, M.P., Sergeant Atcherly, Mr. E. Williams, and many other gentlemen connected with th e Principality. The company amounted to 150 parsons. the galleries was a brilliant assemblage of ladles., tu o musical arrangements, under the direction of J, Parry, the - bard of Wales, assisted lty MPir4, Atkins, Young, Fitz- IY4 1 1111; 4114 other vocAlists, and by Mr. Richards, the pianist, and other professional gentlemen, were excellent in their kind. The usual loyal, national, and local toasts were drank with the usual honours ' and a large amount of subscriptions for the support of the Welch School, making a sum total ot nearly 1,000/. announced, Amongst the contributions were-- Her Majesty, 105/.; the Queen Dowager, 25/. ; the Duke of Newcastle, 504; Lord Powis,.so/.; Colonel Wood, 20/., and many other noblemen and gentlemen to large sums. Tho festivities were kept up in the good old style of ancient Britons till eleven o'clock, when the compaux wit,ratell; highly gratified with th e evellt% of On clay. • P4no.vEitT os. Stc4aiii zts.:7-:7lin Wednesday week, • the 'Outer-Trinities, now used As 11"° by °lv 431e T titerCP4l,l4 II pit woo do: poaite the remains ' SOVCr4I nutuati skeletons. No less than seven skulls, with the teeth in excellent preservation, were taken - out.• The place is supposed to have been the burial-ground belonging to the Monastery of the Blackfriars, which was demolished about four centuries ago.—lislidcb vegan ' IAY MORNING, MARCH 4, 1844, driven ashore at a _place named Wellheaugh Lock, and was completely lost ; all hands were saved. Within a few miles of Wainfleet Harbour, in Lincoln shire, two other distressing shipwrecks occurred (in addition to the loss of the Carlisle steamer, pre viously mentioned), and several persons perished. The first took place at about three o'clock on Monday morn ing, on the Mamby Sands, the unfortunate vessel proving to. be the Iris (a sloop), of Hull, laden with barley, bound from Ipswich to Fradingdon-bridge. There were on board six persons, consisting of the master, his wife, and one child, an apprentice boy, and two men, all of whom (the master excepted) perished. At daybreak the Iris was found a perfect wreck, and her cargo strewn along the beach. The other vessel lost was the Thomas and William. It happened on the Wainfleet Sands, but in this case the crew were lucky enough to save themselves by the boats. It is sadly feared, from the terrific violence of the storm,. that many other fatal and fearful disasters occurred at sea during its fury. LOSS OF THE CITY OF CARLISLE STEAMER DISASTIR.OUS SHIPWRECKS. During the height of the gale on Wednesday morning this fine coasting steamer was totally wrecked at the entrance of Wainfleet harbour, in Lincolnshire. The steamer, which was om her passage from Honfleur to Goole, with a cargo of miscellaneous goods, was a large vessel, of about 200 tons burden, and had t w o engines of thirty-horse power each. She was considered an excel lent sea boat, having formerly been engaged in trading between Hull and Carlisle, and has only within the last two or three months been employed on the station in running between Goole and Honfleur, under the com mand of Captain Proudlove, master. After quitting Honfleur river, the wind commenced blowing almost a hurricane from the westward, with a great fall of snow at intervals. The steamer, however, weathered it in ad mirable style, and continued steaming until Tuesday night, when the storm somewhat increasing, it was with much difficulty that the fires could be kept in, on account of the sea finding its way into the engine-room. At about one o'clock the Skegness light, near the mouth of the Wainfleet harbour, appeared in sight. and it was fully expected that in a few hours she would safely be brought her into smooth water. The usual track was taken, and nothing particular occurred until about four o'clock, when just as the steamer had got abreast of the Dog-head Sand (a dangerous shoal in the Humber) it came on to snow so heavily as to prevent the length of the steamer being seen. The crew kept the helm steady in the hope of clearing the sands, but the next moment a terrific wave caught the vessel and carried her completely on the body of the sands, and the force was so great as to throw those on deck upon their backs, producing, as may be conceived, the greatest con sternation and dismay on board. The captain perceiv ing the perilous situation of the steamer, prevailed upon the crew to lighten her as much as possible, which they did by throwing overboard part of the cargo, while others prepared the boats, ready to leave the vessel, and made signals of distress for assistance. After great la bour, Captain Proudlove succeeded in getting her off the sands, but afterwards the situation of the crew became in greater danger, for on sounding the pumps, several feet of water was found in the hold, and it rapidly increasing, clearly showed that either her keel had been carried away or that her bottom was stove in. Both pumps were instantly got to work, • and extra pressure was put on the steam, in the hope of keeping her afloat and of running her ashore ; but before many minutes had elapsed, the engineer and stoker ran upon deck and re ported the water had risen above the engine-room floor ing and was putting the, fires out. There was now not a moment to be lost, for the vessel was rapidly sinking, and if they remained many minutes longer, their escape would be beyond all human power: The captain having given the word, in an instant the crew (in all fifteen in number) filled the boats, and they directly pulled away from the steamer. Before they had gained 200 yards from the vessel, they saw her go down into deep water. 'l'he boats were then pulled towards the land, but the toil and suffering the crew endured was severe in the ex treme ; several times they narrowly escaped being swamped, and most of them were up to their middles in in water, baling it out with their caps, and any other ar ticle they could get hold of. At length the life-boat, commanded by Mr. Samuel Moody, belonging to Skeg ness, came to their assistance, into which they got, and were safely conveyed ashore, though in a most deplora ble plight. The steamer is irrecoverably lost. WRECK OF A DUTCH INDIAMAN.—SEVEN- TEEN LIVES LOST. The subjoined particulars, respecting the total loss of the Dutch ship Nickerie, and fate of her crew, are ex tracted from a letter received at Lloyd's on Friday morning:-- "ST. MARY'S, SCILLY ISLANDS, FED. 27.—Since my last, [regret to announce to you a deplorable shipwreck, with loss of many lives, which took place during the late tre mendous gales near this place, and which has produced the deepest sensation. On receiving the intelligence on Sunday morning, I immediately proceeded to the scene of desolation—namely, Rosewear, one of the little unin habited islands—and found that the report I hadreceived was too true, the vessel being about 800 tons burthen, called the Nickerie, Captain Harvey, belonging to Rot terdam. I found the wreck entangled. among the rocks at the back of the islands, both masts and all her rigging were gone, and she was fast breaking up, the sea sweep ing the whole of her decks, thus preventing any one getting on board to save any of the cargo, which, lam given to understand, was valuable. There were on board, at the time of her loss, 19 person, all of whom, it grieves me to say► lost their lives, with the 'exception of two seamen, of the names of Simon Grove (an English man) and Christian Soupe. From these individuals, I have gleaned the following:---It appears that the vessel was on her passage from Batavia to Rotterdam, with a cargo of coffee, tea, sugar, and other articles. On the night of the 21st, the vessel encountered a heavy gale of wind from the westward, which she bore gallantly against. As morning approached the weather became thick and hazy. The ship was not brought to, but they continued the passage, as they thought in safety, but suddenly they observed the Scilly light in a direction which they knew to be dangerous to the vessel; and be fore it was possible to avoid it, the ship went clean on the ledge of rocks on the Rosewear Island, and with such force, as to throw the mainmast overboard. They describe the scene that immediately ensued to have been of a heart-thrilling description. While some were lashing themselves to the rigging, another dreadful crash took place, and in an instant the ship parted in several places, and all perished excepting Greves, and the other seaman (who is a Dutchman), who were saved by lashing themselves to fragments of the wreck which were washed ashore ; but they were in a most pitiable condition, and suffered severely from the cold. They remained walking about the island for two days before discovered." Another letter observes, that the situation of the wreck was such, that it was impossible for it to have been seen from ally of the inhabited Scilly islands, or in all probability the cr ew wou ld h ave b een saved. No part of the cargo can be saved, and scarcely anything of the vessel or materials •, indeed, nothing worthy of no tice. On Monday night the remains of two of the un happy crew were thrown up on the beach, and this morning (Tuesday) three other bodies have been picked up. They have all been buried in the island. The loss of the vessel and cargo is estimated at 15,0001. The Thames steamer, it will be recollected, was wrecked on the same spot three years ago. YARMOUTIL The loss of life and property off this port during the late piercing weather and snow storn has been truly alarming. Soon after day-break on Sunday morning, a brig, heavy laden, apparently from Newcastle, with coals, was perceived to the northward ; all her sails were carried away, as well as her topmast, and evidently the crew had lost all control over her, for she was being carried in the direction of the Guntleet (a second Goodwin) Sands. There were one or two attempts on the part of those belonging to a schooner, lying with two anchors out near the entrance to the'roads, to render assistance to the distressed vessel, but the terrific sea that then prevailed rendered it be yond human power to save either the lives of the unfor tunate persons or the vessel. In the subsequent 'lye minutes she was carried into the sands, and became an instant wreck, the crew falling overboard with the masts, and perishing in the foaming serf. It was a dreadful sight, but what could be done in such a storm? Shortly afterwards another shipwreck was witness d, and but for the prompt and well-disciplined exertions of the coast guard service, there is no doubt but all on board would have been drowned A vessel named the York Union, a brig of about 180 tons, belonging to London, had, in the commencement of the storm, on Saturday, brought up in the roads about one mile and a half to the north ward of Winterton, for shelter. Although both anchors were out, the hurricane (for such the wind amounted to), drove her in the course of the following night close into shoal water, and the crew, observing the imminent danger in which they were placed, cut away the foremast, thinking she would ride easily, but such, however, proved the contrary, for at about half-past six o'clock she came ashore with great violence, and pitched on her beam ends. Her dangerous position having previously been observed, a large con course of persons had collected on the beach, and also Lieutenant Hockley, the commanding officer of the Winterton coast-guard station, and a body of his men were in attendance to work the life apparatus, which was on the spot. The instant almost that the ill-fated vessel struck, the mortar was fired, and a line carried over the ship; consequently, in a few minutes, a com munication wai formed with her from the shore. The next operation was that of dragging the crew through the surf to the beach, which we are happy to say was safely accomplished, and thus the whole of them were saved, to the great delight of all assembled. In the course of the same morning, another vessel, a sloop, called the Sarah, master Mr. Welldrick, of and for Goole, from London, was driven ashore about half-way between Gorton and Garlestone, and from the danger in which she lies, it is expected she will ere long go to pieces, The captains of the colliers arrived in the roads this af ternoon, report that upwards of five vessels were lost off Tynemouth-bar during Saturday morning, and that the harbour, when they left on Sunday night, had the ap pearance of a ship-breaker's and timber yard, owing to the immense quantity of wreck floating about, most of the vessels having, by the violence of the sea, broken out. The accounts received front Stnithes, • bearing Tuesday's date, state that that coast, during the last two days, hits been visited with one of the most terrific storms at sea remembered in the neighbourhood. It commenced on Saturday at noon, the gale blowing from the north, and by night the sea was an entire foam. The fishing cobbles at sea were capsized, and the crews were picked off the bottom of their boats and landed in safety. The cobbles belonging to Remswiek, a small fishing place near this, were similarly situated. One was cap sized, and a man named Robert Tiatties was drowned ; the others were saved. Near Stockton no less than nine vessels were d r i ven ashore in the course Sunday morning, and man y of them have since gone to pieces, They are th e U n ity o f F4yers b 4m t h e George of Cowes, th e H ope o f Scarbo borough, the Felicity, belonging to Lynn, the Ponte fract, froin London to Stockton, the Niseus, from Holl, the Ondine, from floston, Lincolnshire, the Lark, of Woodbridge, and the Rosehaugh, Crornarty. Those vessels which have heQoi)Ae h total wreck are the Lark and tin Unity they. were both laden with a general • out , go, and unfortunately neither of them are insured. In nearly the whole of the cases the crews saved them. selves by clinging to the rigging until taken on' by the f I.lhOzil and exerti ons we re ar duouslieb -oat people,i then t ; to: . e l Further up th e coast , name ly, a t Har;lepoot, four vessels went ashore, .and remain in a dangerous state of ever again being brought afloat the crews were saved. The o Glenorry, of Dungarvon, fox SWallsifin sailed from Angle Milf;1141 Haven, on the morning of the 24th ultimo, was lost on the following morning on the rocks a little to the southward of Sheep Islands ; the ow previously few tons of the cvga relay probably be picked out from am orth, on the coast of inogy the saved rocks. themselvesAt warkw by talCing to t h e boat. A Northwaberland, a largo brig called the Blackbird was OTAHEITE. The following are copies__ of the letters addressed by Queen Pomare to- Admiral Dupetit Thouars and to the King of the French : " QUEEN POMARE TO ADMIRAL DUPETIT THOUARS. " Papeete, Nov. 5, 1843. " Monsieur I'Amiral—l have received the letter which you have written to me. You suppose that I allow myself to be guided by the counsels of persons who surround me, who are not favourable to the plans of your country, you say, and vho may even draw down great misfor tunes upon myself and my people. You are entirely mistaken—l act upon my own impulse alone. As to the flag which I have adopted, if it has a crown upon it, it is because I desired that it should be, in order that this emblem right call to mind that of my sovereignty ; and such is the motive why I desire to retain it. " I desire to see my flag flying as it has done, without any chan g e being made in it. Nothing to this effect is stipulated in the treaty ; and consequently I have no thing to fear. 'The only motive which induced me to give my signature on the 9th of September, 1842, was the fear of exposing my people to some evil. " Receive, &c., " PONIARE." " QUEEN POMARE TO ADMIRAL DUPETIT THOLTRAS. " Admiral,—l have received the letter you have written to me relative to the flag. M. Carpegna . has also told me all that you wished him to say. " I can in no way agree to your demand that I should take down my flag. It bears the emblem of my sovereignty, and shows the motive why I wish to keep it. Moreover, the treaty stipulates nothing with regard to the flag. " Any person that may attack my flag will be most culpable.—Accept, &c., POMARE." "QUEEN, POMARE TO ADMIRAL DUPETIT TROURAS. "Papeete, 6th Nov., 1843. " Admiral,—l have not deviated anything from the treaty which I concluded on the 9th of September, 1842 —a treaty which I subscribed under the influence of fear. Yes, I must repeat it, if I have given my signature, it was simply owing to fear. " I can assure you that in placing a crown on my flag I had no intention of breaking the treaty, or of placing myself in opposition to the European Governments. Such is my Royal will. " I do not desire in any way to create the smallest estrangement between myself and the King of France. Far from that, I am full of respect for his person, as well as for the treaty concluded with him. " I have complied with the wish expressed by you a few days ago in one of your letters, in which you re quest me to apprise the chiefs that you wish them to meet, in order that you might present the Commissioner of the King of France, and communicate the letters of which he is the bearer. " I desire that no disorder may take plate in my Go. Vernment, and that is the wish which I have caused to be made known to my people. " One of my most ardent wishes is to be the only suf ferer by the circumstances which are at present taking place, but I beg of you not to deprive me of my sove reignty ; leave me all that belongs to me, and do not establish yourself on the little island Hontononta. " I place all my confidence in God, and I beg the protection of your King. " Receive my salutations. (Signed) " POMARE, Queen of Otaheite. " To Admiral Dupetit Thouars." " ADMIRAL DUPETIT THOUARS TO 'MADAME' POMARE. " Bay of Papeete, on board the Frig ate La Reine Bl anc h e , N ov . 9, 1843 " Madame,—l have the honour to inform you, that I have no longer now the powor of holding any official communication with you. All communications that you may desire to lay before his Majesty Louis Philippe, must be addressed to Governor Bruat. " A. DUPETIT THOUARS." " LETTER TO THE RING. " Parfai, Otaheite, Nov. 9, 1843. " Petition of Pomare, to Louis Philippe, King of the French. " 0 King ! I have been deprived this day of my Go vernment. My sovereignty has been violated, and your Admiral has, with arms in his hands, taken possession of my territory, because I was accused of not observing the treaty concluded on the 9th of September, 1842. " I never had the intention, in putting the crown in Iny flag, to condemn the said treaty and to insult you, 0 King ! " I suppose that you do not consider the fact of my having put the crown in my flag as a crime. Your Ad miral only demanded the change of a small part ; but if I had consented to that, my sovereignty would have been deposed by the great chiefs. I did not know there was any part of the treaty hich fixed the nature of my flag. I protest formally against the harsh measure taken by your Admiral ; but I have confidence in you, and I expect my deliverance from your compassion, from your justice, and from your goodness, for a Sovereign without power. " My prayer is this—May the Almighty soften your heart, may you recognise the justice of my demand, and restore me to my sovereignty and the government of my ancestors. " Be blessed by God, 0 King, and may your reign be long and flourishing ! " Such is my prayer. (Signed) " POMARE." COPY OF A LETTER FROM COMMODORE - NICOLAS TO ADMIRAL DU PETIT THOUARS. " Her Britannic Majesty's Ship Vindictive, in Papeete Harbour, Otaheite, June 4, 1843. " Sir,--Having come to this island in the month of February last, expressly with the hope of - having the honour of meeting you here, in order to have ex (xained to you fully the exact relation i n w hi c h rcat Britain stands with regard to Otaheite, I think it right, now that I am led to expect you daily, thus to convey to you in writing the nature of those relations. But, first, I must observe to you, Sir, that which your experience in diplomacy will at once make ma nifest to you, that until I receive the commands of my Sovereign, it is impossible for me to acknowledge the validity of the treaty which you have made with the qtlo9ll Of Otaheite, though I have uniformly shown every courtesy towards it, and am still disposed to do so whilst we are awaiting the decision of our respective Govern ments. "My correspondence with the officer in command of the naval forces of France at this place, as well as that which I have had with the Provisional Government, you will, I trust, do me the honour to read, as I have re quested that the whole of these documents may be laid before you. "By this correspondence you will observe, Sir, the measures that I have pursued relative to the Queen Poniard and her Government since my arrival here. Those measures have been guided by the authorities on international law which I have always kept before me ; and by a reference to those writers, as quoted in my different letters, I hope and believe that you will find that I have not digressed in any shape from the limits they prescribe. " Although, Sir, it may now be too late to effer such observations as I could have desired to have done, as the senior British naval officer in this part of the Pacific Ocean, had I fortunately been at Otaheite at the period of your demanding the treaty in question ; yet, I hope I may still be permitted to call your attention to certain facts bearing upon it, of which I have acquired a know ledge during my long detention here ; and the greater part of these, it is my sincere belief, that you are wholly unacquainted with. Several of these facts I transmitted with my letter of the 28th of May to Captain Vrig naud for your information and that of the French Go vernment ; and I would particularly request your peru sal of the declarations of the different Chiefs at the meetings that have been held during your absence, as conveying the real feelings of the people of Otaheite towards our respective nations. These papers are marked from No. 1 to 10, and are with Capt. Vrignaud. " I am aware, Sir, that it will be represented to you by the French Consul, that I have counselled the Queen Pomare to adopt certain measures which he deems an infringement of the rights guaranteed to her Majesty under your treaty. But here, Sir, I am directly at issue with him ; for I contend--and I am prepared to prove my assertion by the authorities to which I have referred in my several letters (and these are, I believe, the most celebrated writers on international law),—that the Queen has not deviated one iota from her prerogative of sovereignty which was confirmed to her Mtkjesty by the treaty which, to use her Majesty's words, she was com pelled to sign in the month of September last.' " In my letter to Captain Vrignaud, hereinbefore referred to, I stated to him, that immediately upon my arrival hero, and even before I had anchored, I re e.oived a letter from the Queen, in which she threw her self wholly on the protection of Great Britain, claiming the fulfilment of those solemn assurances which had been, from time to time, vaade to her father and herself by the British Government. Being in possession of those assurances, I considered it m y imperative duty to act up to them, to the extent of' my power, by submitting to the consideration of the Queen Pomare my best advice 'whenever her Majesty soli cited it, whereby I know that it h as b een repre sented, that whilst the flag of France has been her Ma t)4, ostensible protector, that of Great Britain has virtually executed this duty. But, Sir, oven allowing this to be the fact, I feel and know that I have never exceeded the strict limits of my duty as a British officer, fulfilling ) , to the best of my abilities, the assur- Ane4 a my Sovereign; and, however much her Majesty the Queen of Otaheite m ay h ave f e lt th e truth of this statement, and that her having acted in accordance with it may, at times, have been disagreeable to the Provi sional Government, who may have viewed the terms of' the tre-aty difibrontly from the Queen and myself, yet I oolifidentiy trust that I have acted rightly under the cir cumstances in which I have been placed, it having been my most anxious desire to do this ; indeed, so sincerely du I hope that I shall have merited the approbation of my Government, that were I in a precisely similar posi- . . ~ i). ~. tion to-morrow, I would closely adhere to the same course, be the consequences whatever they might. " To refer more particularly to the existing treaty, your intimate knowledge of diplomacy must show you, Sir, that as I have just observed, it can have no vali dity in point of fact until it has been ratified by your Sovereign, nor, as regards me, until it has 'been ac.. knowledged by mine. Hence, in my counselling the Queen from time to time, agreeably to her Majesty's requests, I have only been duly carrying out, as I I have already stated, the views and intentions of my Government, by giving to her Majesty all the protec tion of our good offices in the differences which unhappily exist between her Majesty and yourself as the repre sentative of the King of the French in these seas; but in all my advice to Queen Pomare I have uniformly coun selled her Majesty to confine the exercise of her prero gative, for the present, to the, government of her own subjects solely, and this right was irrefutably secured to her Majesty by the treaty against which she so loudly complains, and which, if ratified by your Government, will at once take from the Queen all her attributes as regards her foreign relations. " The Queen, however, having most solemnly declared again and again, and which declarations have been trans mitted by her, both to the King of the French as well as the Queen of England, that it was through fear, and fear alone, arising from the menaces that overwhelmed her, that her Majesty put her name with agonising reluct ance, as she herself States (and this is confirmed by those who were then around her), to the paper that was sent to her to sign, I feel convinced, Sir, that when your Sovereign is made acquainted with this important fact, his Majesty will withhold his ratification until further explanation has been had on this grave question; and I feel equally satisfied, Sir, that had you been fully ac quainted with all the events that occurred at that period near the Queen at Eimeo, you never would have sanc tioned such proceedings being used towards her Majesty, and the more especially so, whilst you had borne in mind the delicate situation in which her Majesty then was ; a situation which has ever claimed from men of e v er y c i v il lized country in the world protection, and kindness, and favour, and, most of all, from those of a nation which stands pre-eminent in its chivalric gallantry towards that sex whom we all regard it to be our highest honour to guard from insult, and to shield from wrong. "In addition to this painful circumstance, I have further to observe, that Ihave been credibly assured that, some days subsequent to her Majesty having, after many hours' refusal, at length, through threats on the one side, and urgent importunities on the other, put her name to the first document that was forwarded to her at Eimeo (the treaty), and which act she did, as she then declared, and still declares, solely to save her subjects from the fire of your guns, a second (the proclamation), was laid before her Majesty for her signature, and which at last her Majesty also signed, through the menacing demands of the Consul of France, and these insulting threats were offered, it cannot be forgotten, at a time when the Queen's accouchement was hourly looked for, and, in truth, within one hour of her Majesty's signa ture being so unfeelingly and so harshly obtained, she was actually taken in labour, the pains of which were has tened, as it is universally believed, by the great distress of mind, together with the offensive conduct of the French Consul towards this unhappy defenceless woman! And her Majesty gave birth to a child, after great suf fering, on the following day. " France, Europe, the world, Sir, will form its opinion of these unexampled proceedings; and which you will, I am assured, alike censure and condemn. " These facts, which you thus become possessed of, and which, I believe, were hitherto unknown to you, will, I feel convinced, cause you sincerely to deplore the ' events that I now describe, in relation to the Queen of this island, and these events, when brought to the con sideration of your generous Sovereign, will, I am confi dent, at once induce his Majesty to restore to the Queen Pomare all those rights which, it is manifest, she most unwillingly and most reluctantly surrendered. Hence I trust you will, on becoming acquainted with the true state of Her Majesty's case, unite with me, and with all who have heard of these facts, in reprobation of the conduct of the individual* who has been the main in strument of all the evils that have arisen of late in Otaheite, and who, I am credibly informed, has been heard to say-, on one or more occasions, That it should not be his fault if there was not a war between the two nations !' meaning France and England. This feeling he seems indeed to have acted up to in every trans action ; but I sincerely trust and hope that his self interested views will, in this and in every other point, be frustrated and rendered wholly abortive. " I must now remark, Sir, that throughout my cor respondence with the Provisional Government, my ear nest desire has been, that the arguments I have adduced in answer to their various representations, and in sup port of the different measures that I may have adopted, should be submitted to you on your arrival, or earlier, if the opportunities offered of forwarding my several letters to you • indeed they were w r itt en w i t h t hi s sole inten tion, and I gave the copies of two of these letters to Commodore Lavaud with the request that he would transmit them to you on his reaching Valparaiso, as I have been very anxious that you should be informed of the view I have taken of the treaty made by you with Queen Pomare and her Chiefs in September last ; and this anxiety has been increased by my learning the peculiar, and I may add, I believe, the unprecedented circumstances which, as I have just represented, attended the Sovereign's signature being procured to that docu , meat. " These circumstances will, I consider, in accordance with the opinions that have been held by the first writers on international law, render this treaty void (46 isitio, for the following reasons : " Puffendorf (book iii., chap. 6, sec. 9) states, that— " Promises made under fear, that is, under a vehe ment terror of the mind caused by a threatening of soma grievous mischief, are evidently not binding.' " And again, in section 10 of the same book and chap ter, he says:— " Aristotle calls those only mixed, that is partly vo luntary and partly involuntary actions, which are under. taken for the sake of declining some mischief which we •ro like to suffer, such as throwing goods overboard in a storm to preserve our lives.' " And in the same section it is expressly said, that— " ' Fear alone invalidates and destroys an obligation.' (3). (See also book 1., chap. iv., sec. 9.) " And here I should observ e , Sir, that the evident mis chief that the Queen dreaded was your threat to fire on her subjects if her. Majesty did not sign this treaty, or pay into your hands the sum of 10,000 hard dollars within a stipulated number of hours; whereas, this de mand of hard dollars was quite as impossible for the Queen to fulfil, as must have been well known to the Consul of France, as if you had stipulated for 10,000 rubies. " Barbeyrac, who, you are aware, was the translator of, and commentator on, the works of Grotius and Puf fendorf, and who, it is said, has been considered to have approached the nearest to the true law of nations, gives in his note (3) to the above extract from Puffendorf the following quotation from Cicero:— " ' Jam illis promissis standum non esse quis non videt, glue coactus quis metu, (Luse deceptus dolo pro miserit? QUM quidem pleraque jure Prastorio liberantur nonnulla legibus.' De Oft. L 1, c. 10; id est--' As for promises extorted by fear and fraud, who sees not that we are not obliged to keep them? The przetor himself frees us from many of them, and the laws from others.' " Further Barberac says in his note 5 to section x., p. 278 7 _ _ _ " We must then conclude that, by natural right, all force, and every kind of violence, direct or indirect, alt menaces, and in general all unlawful influence. which oblige men, contrary to their inclination, to give their consent, which otherwise they would not, takes away that liberty which is necessary to make an engagement valid, and consequently renders all promises and agree ments in such cases null and void.' "Further, in isection xi. of the same book and chap ter (1. 2, book iii., chap. vi.) it is stated— " Those promises, then, or pacts, we take to be in valid which a man is compelled to be engaged in by the unjust force of the party to whom they are made; since he who extorts anything from another by using unjust terrors is, by the law of nations, bound to restore it, and must, consequently, make ,good what the other person loses by such a forced bargain.' " And again, in the same section, it is stated, that— " 'That which renders the contract unjust is the hard fortune of the sufferer, not the person of the doer.'—' It would be a foolish and idle way of acting, when we are once got clear of the danger, to pay voluntarily what we promised upon force.' And it is also said in this section that— " A promise made through the compulsion of fear shall not be binding. " And in section xiii., Puffendorf gives a quotation from Dionys. Haiku, (1. viii., p. 509, in fin. Edit. Lips.), wherein it is maintained that— " Whatever is extorted from private men, or from public states, by force and necessity, holds no longer than the necessity itself continues.' " Grotius also (lib. 2. c. xi. s. 7) says— " That if he to whom the promise was made did ob tain it of the other party, by putting him in a fear, though never so slight, he is obliged to release the pro miser if he desires it.' Vette!, in book iv. chap. iv. S. 37, likewise maintains the same principle, us he says, of a cons t ra i ne d or forced submission : If ever the plea of constraint may be alleged, it is against an act which does not deserve the name of a treaty of peace—against a forced submission to conditions which are equillT offensive to justice and to all the du ties of humanity. And, further,—' If an unjust and ra pacious conqueror subdues a nation and forces her to accept of hard, and ignominious, and unsupportable con ditions, necessity obliges her to submit ; but this appa rent tranquillity is not a peace; it is an oppression which she endures only so long as she wants the means of shaking it off, and against which men of spirit rise on the first favourable opportunity.' " And, again,—' Although the law of nations aims at protecting the safety and peace of nations, by enjoining the faithful observance of provinces, it does not favour oppressors.' " With these incontrovertible' data, it is, I contend, quite impossible to maintain the validity of the treaty in question, even supposing you had been furnished with the express credentials from your Sovereign to conclude it ; whereas, if I am rightly informed, you never in tended to have entered the harbour of Papeete, when you appeared off it, in September last, had not your Consul, on his visit to you, found some pretended causes for your adopting the course which you at length deemed it right to pursue. " This course, I may be allowed to say, Sir, appears the more extraordinary after the letters that were writ ten to Queen Pomare by Commodore Buglet, your im mediate predecessor in the command of the naval forces of France in these seas, only six months before your ar rival at Otaheite, and those of Captain du Bouzec of L'Aube,' written but a few weeks antecedent to your coming here, and the copies of these are in my posses sion, in both of which were expressed the most perfect •hL itoorephout, French Consul ,0.9/40ito. . , a .., satisfaction with all the last measures intrsued by the Queen with regard to the subjects of the •ktench nation in Otabeite. " Amidst the variety of reflections, Sir, which the deli cate duties I have had to execute at Otaheite during the last four months will hereafter create in me, that which I shall ever pride myself the - mosi Capon will be the temper and forbearance which I feel that I have uniformly evinced, and this every disinterested person here will, I am confident, confirm, in the• various difficulties, and I may also add offences (as my letters, to which I have called your attention, will prove); that have been ofered towards me by the individual whom I charge with being the sole cause of all those late misunderstandings that have arisen in this island, and which, had I been actuated with the same spirit, must, in my belief, have produced a war between Great Britain and France. That this may be:long averted is, Lain assured, the best de sire of the Governments of eacb, and should be that of all who serve under them. " I consider it right, that I should, now assure you; Sir, that I am confident England seeks not—desires not —to possess .a paramount influence in Otaheite. All she seeks is .to see the Sovereign .of the island free and independent, giying the same favour and protection to subjects of every state, without showing undue partiality to either. • "I cannot terminate my letter 'Without conveying to you my sense of the amicable disposition that has been generally evinced by the commander of the naval forces here, Captain Vrignati, for the maintenance of harmony between' our respective flags; and, but for his praise worthy measures, I shall always ,believe that there would have been a rupture between.ont two nations. "June B.—Having just heard from Captain Gambier, of the Satellite, that you are not likely, in his belief, to come immediately to Otaheite, I will take leave to for ward this letter by Captain Vrignind ; and my best hope is that it may be my good fortune to have the honour of making your acquaintance at no. distant period, even though I may not be fated to do so 0 Otaheite.—With the highest consideration, I have the honour to be, Sir your very obedient, very humble servant, .‘ J. TOITP NICOLAS, Commodore,' CORN AND CURRENCY. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. Sin,—After the many conflicting opinions which hare occupied the minds of the public on the subject of the corn-laws, I beg to ask whether it would not be an act of justice to the farmers, renting their farms on long leases, at war prices, to commute the payment of their rents, from a payment in money, to a payment in corn, i. e., that a farmer who took his farm at a rent of 250 L. per annum when corn realised 755. per quarter, should now, that the price has fallen to 455., have the option, by authority of Parliament, of commuting the payment of his rent, from a money payment to one of corn, which, at the rate of 455., would make his rent amount to 150/. ? I beg leave further to ask, whether it would not be a public benefit to alter the present duty on corn from a sliding scale into that of a fixed duty of Bs. per quarter; to put it out of the power of cornfactors, possessing large capital, to form combinations to raise the price of corn to a height that would permit of their importing corn into this country, at a very low duty, or free of duty. and thereby glut the market, and deprive the farmer of the fair remunerating price, which he would otherwise get for his corn? And I submit the fairness of continu ing this fixed duty only so long as the countries export ing foreign corn to us should refuse to admit British manufactures into their, respective countries on a fair principle of reciprocity ; and that, as soon as this should be done, their corn would be admitted into British ports free of duty. This would remove the impression. so prevalent on the Continent, of our being only actuated by selfish motives in our commercial dealings, and evince our readiness to form commercial arrangements with them, on a footing of perfect equality. Having said this much on the subject of corn, I will now beg to offer a few remarks on the present state of our currency. Locke has said on this subject, that " It is necessary your gold should be coined, and have the King's stamp upon n, to secure men in receiving it,.that there is so much gold in each piece—but it is not necessary that it should have a fixed value set upon it." In opposition to this authority, our Government have thought fit to make gold the standard coin of the realm, ,!it a fixed value, altogether overlooking that it is, in r itself, an article of commerce of a fluctuating value, and also the great depreciation it undergoes by being but for a short time in circulation, which is augmented to a great amount by the abrasion, filing, plugging, and other practices, resorted to by certain classes of :he community, who obtain their livelihood by deteriorating our gold coin, to which must be added the expense of recoinage at the Mints, altogether causing a loss to the public of upwards► of a million sterling per annum. But this bears no comparison to the loss and ruin a contracted gold cur rency has brought upon our merchants, manufacturers artisans, and the whole country, from its total inade quacy to answer the demands of the public as a circu lating medium. This, combined with the high price of corn, and the States forming the German League having refused to admit our manufactures into their ports, have obliged many of our manufacturers, first to reduce the number of hands in their factories, and after wards (although the manufacturers submitted to a dimi nution of wages, and to work for a greater number of hours), they found themselves compelled to close their factories' altogether to prevent total ruin to themselves ; thus obliging the unfortunate people employed by them to apply to their parishes for relief, and to become a heavy burden to the rest of the community, instead of beingproductive labourers, aiding the national prosperity. This is the present condition of a large proportion of our manufacturers and artisans. Under this state of things the Wing Ministry contrived to manage, with a deficient revenue after many years of peace, without affording to the productive classes any relief, and the Tory Government, who have succeeded them, have been obliged to impose odious war•taxes upon the country, after twenty-nine years of peace, to enable them to meet the public expenditure. Such a state of things cannot last; a remedy must be applied to avert still more fatal consequences ; and this remedy, it is my firm conviction, is within our reach. The cause of all our difficulties is our metallic cur rency being totally insufficient for the public wants; and, from this circumstance, checking industry, obliging our manufacturers to discharge their workmen, and para lysing all the attempts of our merchants to employ our shipping with their ancient spirit of enterprise. To correct this it will be necessary to discontinue the employing of gold as our circulating medium imme diately on the expiration of the charter of the Bank of England.. We must, instead of it, establish a paper cur rency, sufficient in amount to answer all the wants of the country. This can be done with perfect security to the State, on a basis that will secure its standard value without the smallest fluctuation, by issuing, instead of our present circulation of sovereigns, a paper currency of one-pound notes, on the faith and security of Govern ment, payable on demand, in gold, at the Bank, not at a fixed value, but according to the price of gold in the market, which should be regularly published in the London Gazette. To enable the Bank to meet the demands made upon it for payment of our notes in gold, it will be necessary to have all our gold recoinod in coins equal in weight and purity to five of our present sovereigns, " having the Queen's stamp upon it, to secure men that there is so much gold in each piece," and these coins should alwaye be kept in deposit at the Bank for that purpose. It will be evident from the above, which gives to gold its fluctuating value, that it cannot be considered as the standard of value in our currency ; but that the paper currency of one pound, bearing a Government stamp, will become so, as the symbol and representative of that amount of currency. The same rule will apply to the new sovereigns, which cannot be put into circulation, nor will any one be obliged to receive them, at a fixed value ; but those wishing to exchange them at the Bank, for notes, will receive their value for them, deducting any deficiency in weight, and a small per centage to defray the expense of recoinage, before they are again placed in deposit. The practice of circulating one pound Bank notes is that followed in Scotland. and no other proof of its excellence need be required, than a perusal of the state of Scot land before the present system of banking came into operation.—(See Fletcher, of Saltoun.) Scotland was then a poor barren country, swarming with a population that was anything but profitable to the State, with a very defective system of agriculture, and miserably decayed towns, thinly inhabited; and no commerce but what arose from a very limited intercourse with Holland, the Low Countries, and the coast of France, and even this commerce was most of it contraband, and carried on by a bold and daring race, who generally avowed that they were in the free trade, and questioned the right of any one to meddle with them, when acting fairly with the people of other countries, with whom they dealt. Mark the difference now ! The Scotch, by means of their banks, have altered the face of the country, as if by magic, by their improvements in agriculture ; their towns have increased along with their commerce in a wonderful degree: witness their magnificent cities of Edin burgh, Glasgow, and - rnany others, containing enterpris ing and intelligent merchants, and their ports abounding with shipping, notwithstanding the depression that has been so generally felt throughout the land. If we add to this widely extended circulation of ono pound Bank notes the practice followed by the Scotch banks, of giving a letter of credit to every individual possessed of property which he cannot immediately c onvert into cash, upon his pro cur i ng t wo un d ou bt e d sureties for the amount of his credit, we would then have the whole property of all those engaged in trade and agriculture brought into a state of activity and re production. Let us now consider the effect this widely extended circulation would be likely to produce upon the nation. Ist. It would give new life to every part of the com munity engaged in commerce or agriculture. 2d. It would immediately relieve all our manufac turers and artisans from their present state of depression, and give to the farmer a fair price for his corn, which would be consumed by the manufacturers and artiesns, when is full employment. 3d. It would afford capital to those willing to be engaged in commercial enterprises that would enable them to carry the commodities, produced by the s 1 and industry of our manufactures and artisans to every quarter of the globe, to the widely extended empire oe of China, to our Indian empire, and to the d States et o t ever Asia, by steam-boats up the to ge t a v f ery other country where they would be li kely_ _ air England d ti a sm re fhroonmesttheanfdacteruoef, and roefmthuonseerictionugarpireiscei in return. their Agoods,nd though taking last t e n p o r t o l d eas ucz bring up their families in peace and come i l Es ii h l n d . ren in their turn, to live by labours, skill, and industry; they would, instead of o e u toh l p d el ie b r a o n cf joining those wild theorists, prove themselves faithful their ( a l , n e ‘ t ie d r t n , h tfl ablee Y o a c r . h i the t itn subjects and firm supporters of the Government. AN INDIAN OFFICER.