The Sun. — London, England, 1844-11-30 00:00:00

NEWS en. the h° 11441 had A , )nday efe Arnongeg.4 rshal Beg`" Lrshal ci that •m e e i e r is Coat The P . ' o i at the of ake past 19 . 0 T of D le r 0 accoult un it c r ed thsd i n rious tate l / 1 I on dier e of f a lse 1; 0 , books, 6 0 %0 The Woe, had, the' o )1 e 4 sours g f o purlieas windows aa lro ehar s ol e Bolin r ! t y der ry or sere in sP g 'io tical nt at the 7niversal of of ) Empreti lines. rand ely in th of tii 01 , 4 4 1 t. Peter e. -- - - 1 1$ at the ra.r i l baadittS'v uring tp) . '0 t a pro p by an the brz: l is sain,lo ars, aou_ at o 4 ill the yr )ns TO rdl ; ° 0 11 4 1 1 h of WV n for i'r 4,575.• a the • ls G , ~ 4521 1 ted aged ne for f,O 7..erty 0 ,ted. ncelic e : l l 4 ) and 11 Bale:0 1 e A - osse 0 1 1 •0. / e two of J. l l ind etc . * to e t ono' Dire, d to, ►iiit oP ea'' 1 1 yea' blO 4 s' tri; o l incrs I n TM DRURY-LANE THEATRE. We visited Drury-lane last evening, and again saw the Daughter of St. Mark, which is running a glorious career of triumph. This opera will not only bear, but absolutely requires to be seen mork- than °nee, in order to obtain anything like a proper idea of OS merits. So transcendantly magnificent is the spec tacle, that, da7.2:14.(1 and ~y, rct 110:v4 , d by fitc f i-' l, 'ndour by s bich lie fb.ds himself surnanalea, tie sPectator, on his first visit, can be a spectator only— " The eyes are made the fools of the other sens4s, Or else worth all the rest ;" and it is not until a second visit that the spectator ca n become an auditor, and properly appreciate the exquisite mus i c o f thi s very b eau tif u l opera . Balfe . 45 9 as a composer, taken higher ground in this than I P any of his former operas. It is a perfect and uni form whole—an opera—a grand opera, in the highest sense of the word, and one which will tend to extend, t ° consolidate, and to perpetuate his fame as 4 rnan of genius, and a most accomplished and s ~ k ntific musician. The melodies are as beautiful as hoe of any of his former compositions, while e instrumentation is more elaborate, and the ha rmonies of a more perfect and a more la eientific cast. But as we said before, in order Properly t o appreciate this opera, it should be se en more than once. The music grows upon one, and the oftener it is heard -he more will it be ad- Mired. The opera was followed by a very pretty div ertissement, which introduced to the English stage for the first lime Mons. and Madame Finart, from the ?Pett Madrid. They appeared in a grand pas de deux, In Which they were much applauded. They are most .leant and graceful dancers, and not deficient in f orce eith er , for some of their pas were most astonish ing As mere tours de force; but these tours were so gracefully executed, that the idea of force was lost in th at of grace. They afterwards danced the toter ° of Seville, with that mingled expression of dignity and coquetry which is characteristic of all ''Panish d ances . Their Andalusian costume was very 4 P l enclid, and became them exceedingly. They were m uch applauded, and they are certainly a great addi -4;',21:1 to the admirable corps de ballet of this theatre. e had, in addition, a pas de deux, exquisitely danced "Y, Clara Webster and her brother; the Redowa, g i ven with mo st Cereto-like espieglerie by Plunkett, !"° Was excellently supported by Montessu ; a pas 4 e tr. o is by Delferier, Clara Webster, and Madame mbilei; and a most amusing grotesque pas chinois IT Mr. W. H. Payne and his clever little daughter, !w hich convulsed the house with laughter, and which w as deservedly encored. The divertissement con eluded with th e P o lk as by the whole corps de ballet. he house was, as might have been expected, crowded overflowing before the commencement of the opera. WINTER ASSIZES. ROME ClRCUlT.—Maidstone, Nov. 29. 41 1 / 1 3 MURDER AT DOVER. — .Tames Clark, 60, John r„ ,1 4c irk, 28, William Clark, 30, and William Smith, 23, mite indicted for the murder of Samuel Cisacismisn, at Charlton, in the borough of Dover. 4 , Mr. B o dki n an d M r . R ose con d u cted the prosecu "3,; and Mr. Horne defended the prisoners. The case occupied the Court a great many hours, at the facts upon which the charge was made a gainst the prisoners lay in a very small compass. It aPPeared from the statement of the Learned Counsel and the evidence, that the unfortunate deceased was one of the police. constables of Dover, a nd he was engaged in that capacity at the time he lost his life, on the Bth September last. It appeared that in the afternoon of that day a number of disorderly persons had been quarrelling together, and there was fighting going on for a considerable time, the elder prisoner, the other two, who are his s ons, and It third son named Thomas, being actively :ngaged in the disturbance. The deceased interfered, but he was very much abused, and some of the pri soners were heard to make use of very bad language towards the police, and to threaten that some of them should be done for before night. The disturbance eon tinued until eleven o'clock at night, when the hold and ano th e r constable, named Smith, laid nold of the prisoner, James Clark, and one of his so ns, with a view to take them into custody, when Thomas, the other son, interfered, and said that he Would take his father, who was at this time very drunk, home, and he did so. The two constables !re then pushed about and assaulted, and Thomas Clarkbludgeon, Was seen to come out of his house with a large w!geon, partly concealed, by his side, and without shyingthe deceased a word he raised it, and with both hands struck the str: sed a tremendous blow across the face with face, The blow literally smashed the deceased's shot, a a nd be fell to the ground as though he had been man, ' di ed almost immediately afterwards. The Thomas Clark, who was no doubt the actual se of the d eath of the deceased, absconde d imme diately after th e occurrence, and has not since b een heard - of, a n d t h e prisoners were charged accessorially "_vith the m ur d er f rom theirhaving been present during n itie affray, and f rom the threats they had ma d e use of. 1 addition to this it was proved against the prisoner Smith, that while the unfortunate deceased was lying ( lead upon the ground, he jumped up with a gesture of exultation, and exclaimed, " There yo u —, k"l've got it; you are no good." These facts were shown in evidence, but there was an absence of any lustinet proof that t was were actually resent ' w hen th e fatal blow struck, and the only evidence that tended to show they were aware of the fatal result that had taken place, was the fact that imme diately after the death of the deceased, one of the pri !ioners said to the other, " Come along, my dear brother, let us bolt—we have done something to be tolled about." Mr. HoaNE addressed the jury on behalf of the pri- Boners, and having alluded to the more material portions 4 11' the evidence, he contended that it was net sufficient tk/ warrant the jury in convicting the prisoners of the serious offence with which they were accused. af ., ll _ v. Justice WILLIAMS summed up, and the jury, a consultation of nearly two hours, returned a erdict of Not Guilty. 1-1 • ,41111 MAJESTY'S SHIP Goa —The following `Xtraet of a letter from an officer on board will be read with interest by the public :—" Monte Video, Sept. 24, 844 . — We have been unceasing in our efforts to get 41 -(n tt since I last wrote to you. We have now got ajlcamels' under her, and are just getting a fourth ; °` them Very powerful. We have, besides, a cassoon under her stern to raise her up, and lighters lashed on r her s id es down low, with boilers, casks, and tanks I..,l!itened t oget h er. Th e ot h er d a y we had a high tide, ut Which we took every advantage in our power. We t ot the steam u and hove on all our purchases ; but the at h t a her dn e ot enou gh of water, and the consequence was , Was too much strain on the cable, so it carried ha y However, she went astern five inches, which , n,_nder the circumstances, is considered a great deal. Her r a fter also went ou t a littl e . I may tell you, that when ke a ci ' it ! e is low the water just reaches her paddle-wheel, , en high, it on ly reaches round her bow. lam p e c)rr e Y a to iCform you of a serious accident which hap the a nme t.:qau since. The tide having risen higher °f t he usual, she toeled over to starboard, and burst on e '4e lighters which we had to float her off. When we w, a o t. t the boat out of the ,:toek we made the rope fast to the aw7 n . ; "' Some way or o:- I ter the capstan flew round, 1 • 1 61 d r:I g the cap stan oar wit.;.' such force as to kill two th: on the p spot, who were hOlding on to the end of scen -Q P e • A. boy also fell overboard, and coming against le c k e i tn aehinery, injured his arm. The injury produced I e t a". of which he has just died in great agony. d Vre L e anuot tell you how much this accident has e ftevsi`'il Us all, especially as the unfortunate persons bore acci-ci'ent characters in every respect. This is the third e.„sei tk e „ ta We have had since we were driven on shore. . It We i v - v 4„ to blow on the 22d, and the tide rose very high. Itrei„,"i'a all ready to heave, so away we went to work ; -sc„m her our purchase, and moved as tern one foot, are p .: ; a ted her stern out. Thus, you will perceive, we thar; n g off by degrees. I cannot tell you this time °at, an are ar e exactly off, but we are getting everything Of expect to go afloat very soon. More than this th e --r ae I should no t b e justified in saying. As far as f goodortaid thin in thin gs of life are concerned, we are rather co :stock having recently been supplied with a large b te of sheen, turkeys, and a pig. The weather has dnifrightfully severe during the last three days ; thun te'r • as been very frequent, and the rain has fallen in rra t 171 . 8 . I might almost say cascades. It may interest auto hear that the log for the day we went on shore too k up tro sides of foolscap." w S i aßlotta C HARGE AGAINST F IVE GENTLEMEN.—On vrer u e nesday, si t the Rochester Petty Sessions, warrants f e granted for the appr e h e nsion of George Wise, son 4130 ( Lieut. Wi se, R.N., Di rector o f P o li ce , Chatham 12 a'kyard, Georg Cockburn Warden, son of Dr. rden, Chatham D'eckyard, Lieutenant Jones, of the 1714 Marine s (two otNers are at present unknown), for 1: ( 1, 11 _ 1 Y assaulting, and sring a loaded gun at George a arY, his father John Lanury, and a lad, while em upd in their occupation of fishormeu, at a place called seven o'clock in the river Alede ay, between six and 'U T 2? o'clock on Tuesday evening. he Ne w Th eatre, Shoreditch, is approac hi ng . i __rpletion. O n Thursday the workmen were laying 1:":11 the stage, t h e whole of the framework h av i ng fut„ and in anoth e r p ar t o f t h e prem i ses . The are d scenery., the st at s o f th e ga ll er y, pit, and boxes, also complete , and only have to be ' fixed in their resp ect i ve men l situations, when the decorati on s an d orna te parts will be commenced, so that it is expected that the edifice will be opened on Boxing-night. .The E ar l of Devon, Lord and Lady Courtenay, - tA Lt ly Catherin e 13 erens , Lady Francis Honey-wood, (IT Caroli ne M oreland, the Earl of Lisburne Lady I,lat_lda Locke, L a d y Sophia Foy, and several other Ir -milies of distinction, are placed in mourning by the dOssise of Lady Charlotte Gifford. The deceased lady Was wend daughter of William, second Viscount, and sister tor the late Earl of Devon. Her Ladyship Was born 14th February, 1764, and married 23d Julie, 1 7 , 8 8, Mr. ns6.7cas.s Gifford, of Chilli ng h am C ast l e, w h o 'lad in Augu,.‘t, 1823. The Earl of Morley, as President of the South Devon Agricultural Association, will preside at the a nnual general meeting at Exeter, on the 3d of the ainsuing month BARNSLEY LINEN TRADE.—ne trade of this tali\ t is uncommonly brisk, particularly in the branch of faney drills, so much so that weavers are searce ; and well al l „ - v may be, when the manufacturers are continually Nis** their wages.—Doncaster Gazette. DR. KEENAN'S SYSTEM OF PHYSIOLOGY. Ott Thur, day Dr. Kc enan concluded his short Atitrse o lectures at the Western Litetary and Scientific Institu tion on his new system of Organic Chemistry, which at tributes the nervous energy to the generation of electri city in the lungs. In applying his theory to practice he attempted to show the peculiar actions of various kinds of f(,eal and air on the ;veinal strength and spirits, and he illustrati.d his opinions by reference to the constitu lioll and temperaments of the innabitants of different climates. The vivacity of the French he attributed to the dryness of the air of France, and he contrasted the energy of the Affghans with the lassitude of the Ben galese, in exemplification of the different effects of dry and moist air. The humidity of the air in England was, he affirmed, the cause of our sombre dispositions, but though the climate of Ireland is at least equally hu mid, he dilated on the great cheerfulness of the people, notwithstanding their potatoe diet, in confirmation of his theory—the effect in their case being attributed to their more frequent exposure to the air. In this instance, as in many ethers during the course of Dr. Keenan's lec tures, his facts either did not bear out his theory, or they had little relation to it. Ile dwelt much, and with great truth, on the bad effects of cultivating the mind so exelusivtly in children, without sufficiently attending to their physical condition ; but admitting, as probably most of his audience would, that the want of air and exercise is prejudicial even to mental development, it does not follow, as a necessary- consequence, that the air inhaled generates electricity, and that the size of the chest indicates health merely because it shows there is a large galvani battery in action within. Dr. Keenan regrew' d that the limited time of these lectures would not allow him to enter into details, and that much of his theory might therefore be considered as assumption without proof ; but if the great principle were admitted that the nervous influence is caused by electricity generated in the lungs, all the lesser effects might be deduced there from. Ile was loudly applauded at the conclusion of the lecture. POLICE JUSTICE-THE LUXURY OF WEALTH. (From Punch.) Yesterday, the lion. Au- John Briggs was charged gustus Topping/tam, a per- before Mr. Honeycombe son of gentlemanly exte- with having oommitted an rior, was brought before as,ault upon Mr. Jessamy Mr. Honeycombe, charged Bloom, a person of some with a very gross and vio- what genteel appearance. lent assault on Grace Mit- It appeared that the pri tens, a most respectable soner and his wife were pro and meek-looking young ceeding home on Thursday woman, whose fate, how- night. They had a few ever, retainsd marks of a words; in fact, the prisoner severe blow, she having lost was a little the worse fear four of her front teeth by liquor, and his wife was the violence of the accused. walking a few paces in ad- Police-constable Lynx vance of him. The com plain deposed that he was, on ant meeting the woman, ad- Monday night, on his beat dressed her in a very rude in Coventry-street, when and unseemly way, at the he heard the screams of a same time throwing hisarms woman. He ran, and dis- round her. Whereupon the covered the complainant prisoner, rushing forward, lying on the pavement, and struck thecomplainant, atm the accused at the bar knocked him into the road. shouting and hallooing, and Charlotte Briggsdeposed sw earing he was a gentle- to the above facts. She had man, and no mistake. been very grossly assaulted Whereupon, after much by the complainant, before difficulty, the constable he was struck by her hus took the prisoner into cut- band. tody. Mr. Honeycombe said ha Grace Mittens (the com- had no doubt that an as plainant) deposed that she sault had beencommitted; a was employed in a dress- very gross assault ; never maker's establishment. She theless, people must not had been kept late at work take the law in their own on Monday night, and was hands : there would be an returning home, when the end to all things if people person at the bar accosted took the law in their own her, placing his arm round hands. He wished to know her waist. She told hint what the prisoner had to to go about his business, say for himself ? when, with his clenched The prisoner said that, fist, he struck her so vio- seeing his wife assaulted, lently on the mouth, that he could not help doing he dislodged four of her what he had done; he was front teeth. not sure that he should not Mr. lloneycombe asked do the like again, under the the prisoner what he had like circumstances. to say for himself ? Mr. Honeycombe ob- The prisoner said he had served, that he had no doubt been out dining. that the complainant had Mr. Honeycombe ob- very grossly misconducted served that that could be himself ; nevertheless, the no excuse for such unmanly prisoner had committed an atrocity. It was a most assault, and the sentence shameful and cowardly as- was that he must pay a snult upon a defenceless, fine of 2L, or undergo six virtuous girl, and he cer- weeks' imprisonment. tainly would fine the pri- The prisoner had not a lamer in the sum of 5/., or farthing, and was—RE two months' imprisonment. NOVISD Tali PRISON VAN. THE FINE WAS IMME DIATELY PAW, and the gentleman drove from the office in his cub. EARLY CLOSING OF WARE HOUSES. A meeting was held on Thursday, for the purpose of re ceiving the report of a Committee appointed on a former occasion to take such measures as were necessary to pro mote the design of affording to persons employed in warehouses more leisure than they at present possess, for the purposes of moral and intellectual improvement. Mr. BENNOSII having taken the chair , acknowledged at the outset the advantage that had been conferred upon the cause by the public press ; 'particularly by the dif fusion among the trade of the reports of their former proceedings. The cause, from having been deemed a visionary project, was now recognised as a settled prin ciple. Finding the impossibility (principally owing to the postal arrangements) of closing warehouses at one o'clock on Saturdays, the Committee had decided that the best course would be to recommend the closing at six o'clock every evening, at least from November to August (emitting the hour's vacation for tea), instead of seven, with that relaxation. All the principal firms in the City who had been consulted, had exhibited a favourable disposition towards the proposed scheme. On Monday last one eminent house had set the example of closing at six o'clock instead of seven, which had since been partially followed, but which, it was expected, would be universally adopted by the principal wholesale warehouses from Monday next. The Chair man then read the report of the Committee, which, after a detailed narrative of the steps taken to promote the object above referred to, contained an appeal to the body of the employed to prove themselves worthy of the boon so honourably granted, and expressed the conviction of the Committee, that in thus offering the means of moral improvement to the few they were indirectly opening channels of good to all. The report was unanimously adopted, having been supported by Mr. Richardson, the principal in a whole sale firm in the City, who bore testimony to the advan tageous results in a pecuniary sense to his firm, as well as in moral effects upon the habits of the people them selves, to whom a similar relaxation had been some time ago granted, at his works in Ireland. in Some other resolfftions, support of the common object were recommended, in appropriate speeches, and some judicious advice having been addressed to the "young men" as to t he use to be made of the indulgence thus conferred upon them , with a .view, not only to show an adequate sense of t he liberality of their employers, but also to turn the conc ession to their own real advan tage, the resolutions we re unanimously adopted, and the meeeting broke up. ---=---_-_ NAVAL INTELLIGENCE. PORTSMOUTII, TIMBSDAY.—The St. Vincent, 120, Admiral Sir Charles Rowley, G.C.8., G.C.H., &c., re heisted his flag (white at the main) on board this noble ship yesterday morning, and Captain R. F. Rowley resumed the command of her, the Right Hon. the Earl of Hardwicke having returned to town. This morning lighters were towed alongside a to tke out her powder and lower-deck guns, prior to her coming into harbour, and taking up her old moorings as guard-ship, off Cold harbour,' Gosport. The Hornet, 6, Lieutenant-Commander C. Seaver, arrived at Spithead about nine o'clock last evening. She left Port Royal, Jamaica, on the sth of October, called at Bermuda, and thence to Spithead in 20 days. She will go to the eastward to be paid off. She bad en countered awful weather from Bermuda home. The Leviathan, convict hulk, is being stripped of all useful stores, preparatory to being moored up the harbour for shell practice from the Excellent. The Falmouth navy lighter sailed yesterday, for Sheerness and Chatham, with stores. DEVONPORT, WEDOTESDAY.—A Court-martial, com prising Admiral Sir David Milne, G.C.8., president ; Rear-Admiral Sir Samuel Pym, superintendent of the dockyard ; Cal t. Milne, of the Caledonia; Capt. Dixon, of the San Josef ; Commander Wriford, of the San Josef ; and Mr. Eastlake, Judge-Advocate, assembled yesterday morning on board the San Josef, in this harbour, to try (as we are informed at his own request) Lieutenant Henry Stokes, of the Tartarus steam surveying vessel, Captain Wolfe, on the charge of indecently assaulting a boy, named Terry. of the said ship Tartarus. The details, of course, are entirely unlit for publication. The cross-examination of Terry elicited facts and circumstances tending considerably to shake the testimony he had given previously. His conduct as a boy has been most riotous and improper on several o ccasions, and it was not difficult to perceive much malicious feeling lurking at the bottom of his accusation, although he swore he had no ill-will towards the pri soner. It was elicited, however, that Lieutenant Stokes, being a very " smart" officer, he was not liked by the crew, who wished him out of the ship. Terry also ad mitted having received punishment for neglecting his d u ty. The prisoner, on being called on for his defence, protested his innocence, and believed the charge to be a foul conspiracy to blast his character, because he was strict in the discharge of his duty. Witnesses also proved the bad conduct of Terry, whose propensity for lying was notorious. The surgeon of the Tartarus also proved the absence of appearances of a criminal assault having been committed. The commanding and other officers of the Tartarus also gave Lieutenant Stokes an admirable character for the possession of moral and reli gious principles. The Court being cleared, the members duly deliberated upon the evidence adduced on both sides, and the result communicated on the re-opening of the Court was, " that the charge was fully proved, and that Lieutenant Stokes was sentenced to be dismissed from her blaiesty'g ship Tartarus." At this announce ment the prisoner seekned trqnsted with horror. The Snipe cutter, Lieutenant Rayl44lo; left on Satur day for C or k. The Penguin pe.ket, Lieutenant Leslie, came into this harbour - on Friday to repair defects,. The Plymouth buoy boat arrived from Portsmouth on Saturday. The Tartarus steam surveying -vessel, Captain Wolfe, arrived on Saturday from Cork, and came into harbour on Monday to repair defects. The Caledonia, 120, Captain Milne, has re-hoisted the flag (while at the main) of Admiral Sir David Milne, G.O 8., and resumed tile duties of the Auard-ship at this port. She fired the daylight and sun-set gun on Monday. The Alban stmt.. transprt, Commander Lowe, was paid advance on Monday, and sailed for Cork yesterday. The Netley tender sailed this day with supername rarik s for the ships fitting out to the eastward. In the Sound-LThe Caledonia. In Harbour—The San Josef, Sylph, Tartarus, and Confiance steamers; the Penguin packet, and the Devon, Camel, and Tortoise naval lighters. TIE SUN, LONDON, SAtURDAY MORNI NG, NOVEMBER BO, 1644, LLOYD'S SHIPPING. LONDON, Nov. 29.—Wind W., moderate breeze, with drizzling rain. DEAL, Nov. 28.—Wind S.S.W. to W.—Arrd. Mobile, Martin, Penang ; Syria, Stroyan, Singapore ; Tele graph, Bennett, Sierra Leone ; Tancred, Smith, St. Lucia. Sid. Rosalind, West Coast of Africa ; Village Girl and Cane, Jamaica. RAMSGATE, Nov. 28.—The Speculant, Mustede, from Hambergh to Gibraltar, which put in here 25th instant, leaky, is discharging. PORTSMOUTH, Nov. 28.—Wind S.S.W. Arrd. H.M.S. Hornet, Jamaica, sailed sth ult., and from Ber muda, 81st ult. SOUTHAMPTON, Nov. 28.—Arrd. St. Ann, Richard, Qurbec. Sid. I'acha steamer, Lisbon. STARCROSS, Nov. 27.—Arrd. Emma, Zellee, and Pro vidence, Quebec. Ore SA LCOMBE, Nov. 27.—Arrd. Lady Mary Stone, Buenos Ayres ; Windsor Castle, Patterson, New Or leans ; Ocean, Baltimore, for Rotterdam. PLYMOUTH, Nov. 2g.—Wind S.S.W.—Arrd. Trio Hooper, Buenos Ayres; Roslin Castle, Victoria, Quebec. SWANSEA, Nov. 27.—Arrd. Greenfells, Cuba ; British Lady, Prince Edward's Island. The Amethyst, Canton, for Port Juneaut, cut bowsprit and figure-head, had larboard bow stove, &c., by getting in contact with the Arietta, Ellis, for Cuba, both were in tow of a steamer. MILFORD, Nov. 27.—Arrd, Mary Lynn, Ichaboe. CARDIFF, Nov. 27.—Arrd. Radford, Miramichi ; Maria, Evan and Mary, and Harriet, Quebec. LiveneooL, Nov. 28.—Wind S., moderate.—Arrd. Osprey, Kirk, Bombay ; Mary, Ichaboe ; Letitia, Cleveland, Demerara ; Mary Ann Henry, Buctush ; True Blue, Ts.trnagouche ; Sarah, Montreal ; Acadia, and City of Waterford, Quebec ; Lady Rowley, Wright, Newfoundland. Sld. Cletus, Buenos Ayres ; Caleb Angus, Belize ; Ambassador, Charleston ; Dorchester, Boston. Off, Hibernia steamer, Halifax ; Royal Albert, —. A vessel, of about 350 tons, dismasted, water logged, and abandoned, with "--SE, Sunderland," on her stern, was passed on the 15th inst., lat. 49, lon. 35, by the True Blue, arrived here. The Ino, hence to Trieste, was spoken yesterday, bearing up for Beaumaria. CORK, Nov. 26.—Arrd. Welcome, Dennistoun, Ichaboe; Beaver, St. John's, New Brunswick. Off, Levant, Lane, Ichaboe ; Volusia, Honduras. AT ANGRA PEQUINA, OCT. 16.—Loading, Rubicorn, Dales, Roseanne, Fenton, Lydia, Perry, David Banks, Jolly and Arundel, and Baxter. COWES, Nov. 28.—Arrd. Ellsworth, Long, Havannah Rhode Island ; Amelian, Quebec. OFF DOVER, Nov. 28.—Lady Caroline, Leadbetter, St. John's, New Brunswick. THE LATE FATAL ACCIDENT AT NOTTINGHAM. ADJOURNED INQUEST ON MR. W. VARNALLS. Norriwaaam, Nov. 28.—This inquiry was resumed yesterday afternoon, at three o'clock, at Lenton, before Mr. Swann, coroner, and the jury. Mr. Patchitt, solicitor, appeared on behalf of the railway company, and Mr. Campbell, solicitor, to watch the proceedings on behalf of Mr. Lightfoot. John Fisher, engine-man of the down train, was about to be examined, when Mr. Greaves objected to Mr. Lightfoot being present while Fisher's evidence was taken. Mr. Blundstone remarked, that he saw no reason for such a step ; adding, that he had been very sorry to observe, on the part of several of the jury, throughout this investigation, a determination to blame or criminate Mr. Lightfoot as much as they could, which he thought most improper. Two or three other jurors intimated their concurrence in Mr. Blundbtone's observations ; Mr. Bayley and Mr. Greaves rose, and an angry discussion seemed likely to take place, but it was stopped by Mr. Campbell (who appeared for Mr. Lightfoot) requesting his client to leave the room, which he dial immediately. Fisher denied seeing any one speak to Mr. Lightfoot at Beeston station, and that he never heard of a mes sage having been sent from Nottingham to stop any trains. The witness had no rules until the morning previous to the accident. In answer to Mr. Patchitt, witness said he had had sufficient practical experience on the Derby and Birmingham line to enable him to work the Midland Counties line. _ _ Mr. Robert Lightfoot was the next witness, and he made the same statement we have already given. Robert Cross, of Beeston, gardener, heard the acci dent, and was on the spot immediately. Assisted in re moving the injured passengers. Heard Fisher say to Mr. Lightfoot, " If it had not been for you this accident would net have occurred." Mr. Lightfoot made some reply, but witness does not know what it was. At that time Fisher appeared angry, and a good deal agitated. Mr. John Wildey gave similar testimony to that we have already reported. Joseph Coulburne was the last witness examined ; his testimony was similar to that he gave before the Coroner for the town. At eleven o'clock the inquest was adjourned to Mon day next, at half-past nine in the morning, at the County Hall. THE LATE ACCIDENT ON THE BIRMINGHAM AND GLOUCESTER RAILWAY. BIRMINGHAM, WEDNESDAY EVENING.—The adjourned inquest on the body of William Murrowood, the stoker employed by the Birmingham and Gloucester Railway Company, took place at the Navigation Inn, King's Norton, this evening. Mr. E. Moore, the Deputy Coroner for the county of Worcester, presided ; and Mr. Charles Shaw, one of the Directors of the Company, and Mr. M'Connell, the su perintendent engineer of the Company, were present at the inquiry. The following is the principal evidence: — Mr. J. DUConnell—l am the superintendent of loco motive engines on the Birmingham and Gloucester Rail way, and reside at Bromsgrore. I know nothing of the death of the deceased, but what I have heard in evi dence. I knew him. He was employed by us, and under my direction as superintendent of the locomotive department. He was a very steady young man. I know this particular bridge in question. It carries the high way over the railway to King's Norton. CORONER—How long have you been employed upon this railway?—Three years and four months. CORONMR—Did you consider this bridge dangerous ? —I did. CORONER —Why ?—Because I considered there was not sufficient room between the pillars and the rails on each side. CORONER—Are there any other bridges similarly situ ated on the line?—No there are no other. CORONER—Can you give us the dimensions P—The witness, who had previously been to the spot for the purpose of measurement, stated that the height from the railway to the centre of the arch of the bridge was 14 feet 3 inches, tke width from one side of the bridge to the other was 22 feet 6 inches, width over rails (one line of train) 5 feet 1 inches, but the witness could not speak as to the distance between the walls on each side, and the train lines ; neither would he give an opinion as to the distance between the carriages and the objectionable pillars ; he thought it might be about 18 inches. The witness said there was a difference of about 2 inches be tween the pillars of the north and south entrance of the bridge, and that the accident occurred where the distance was the widest. CORONER.—Now, Sir, do you think this space between the carriage and the pillars is to be considered as con sistent with public safety ?—Certainly not, if passengers lean out of the carriage windows with their bodies, which they have no right to do. CORONER—Then, to a certain extent, it is not safe? — To a certain extent it is not safe. CORONER—Have the public inspectors been over this line of railway ?—I believe they have. CORONER—Do you know who they were ?—I don't know who they were, it was before I was in the service of the Company. I have seen General Pasley on the railway, but I don't know that his attention has been particularly called to this line. CORONER—Then there has been no public inspection of this bridge ?—Not that I am aware of. CORONER—To whom does the bridge belong ? Mr. C. Shaw—Mr. Coroner, the highway is in the possession of the surveyors of the highways. CORONER—But to whom do the bricks and mortar be long ?—To the Company. CORONER— What do you consider the engine to be worth T-1,000/. CORONER —And what the tender ?-150L The jury returned a verdict of " Accidental death," with a deodand of Is. upon the engine. Mr. C. Shaw, one of the Directors of the line, then addressed the jury, and said, on behalf of himself and his colleagues, that they sincerely regretted the loss of life which had occurred through the ill-construction of the bridge in question. It was of Captain W. Moor soni's construction, and no other engineer but he would have put such a bridge upon the line. He and other Directors had passed up the line hundreds of times with out being aware of the consequences which might result from its construction ; but he could assure the jury and the public that the Dire c t ors were m ost anxio us to g i ve the public satisfaction, and that the bridge should be im mediately altered, and that there s hould be no f urt h er ca use of complaint TOR LATE ROBBERY AT THE ROYAL MILITA RY ACADEMY, WooLwic.n.—The three prison ers' Hawks ford, Calvert a nd Craig,' committed by Mr. Grove from the Woolwich Police-court, charged with stealin g a sil ver watch, and abou t 301. worth of wearing appar e l, be longing to the Gentlemen Cadets studying at the Royal ylast, w ou ld have Military Academy , were tried on Wednesd a y at the Maidstone Assizes and all found guilty, and s en t ence d to seven years' transportation each. THE STATE APARTM ENTS AT WINDSOR C ASTLE. It was expected that these apartments , which h ave b een wholly been lo 8 eodp publ ic e t n o ed th a e gain to since to-mor r ow, orr o S w a , Saturday order to that a effect having been issued on Wednesday evening. Thurs day morning, however, this order was countermanded ; and they have now been commanded to be closed until after the 12th of next month, when the whole suite will be required for the magnifice nt entertainments to be given by her Majesty to numerous illustrious and dis t;,ngi,i. i ished guests, in honour of the i nvest iture of the reigning Duii.c of w Coburg and Gotha as a Knight 1 Companion of the Most Noble Order of 419 Ciarttw. SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM r. as InrxnEl,ecancptwr. thatTo, f igl uduTi neeae, though DAILY PAPERS OF YESTERDAY. awlnsb is d3Gef,ni;alehysaodeit ( itollucie l eymtedoi la odibo-lei O adui hseervne ß i aeenadi ny chequer on Wednesday i I. tnliom e ide : de le‘ h g : e i o ti dh :f h g ue the ygrteheis revenue speculations xeroohrbobwtn iaet iasl ni o tn ffi t market eh g enrth h rskt,i r csmeg a e e eeen n ptl a tlulth e tri t againstdutiesoe e l fi l e o ne Chancellor n oi nfcedgi certain tsrm l hti aeni truthnths delinquent ecri Exchequer,iewonl u.q b e run i tceuhon Ex chequer wi an o a dncnnuet importer,eti. a largeirse interpose, uarre e enor mous profit. The illicit trader, who deals with the contraband importer, replenishes his stock at prices vastly less than he can procure the article for from the fair dealer. He can, therefore, undersell his honest neighbour, who is eventually compelled to close his shop and retire from the trade. The revenue, in the mean time, suffers to an enormous extent—not merely by being defrauded to the amount by which the duties are evaded, but in the immense expense at which the coast-guard service, and the other penny-wise -and-pound-foolish devices for pro tecting the revenue against illicit importation, are maintained. Fill up the useless hole which folly dug in the high road of commerce, and the corps of watch men, with lights and staves to guard against acci dents, which is kept up at a great public ex pense, might be diminished, if not abolished. The high duties levied upon the importation of wines also exemplifies and proves the same financial truth. The Manchester Guardian of Wednesday refers to, and gives the result of, an " elaborate table "annexed to the circular ofan ext ens i ve w i ne h ouse o f Manchester.i This document states the quantities of the different kinds of wine imported yearly from 1784 to the pre sent time; with the various rates of duty payable on each; the produce of those duties • and the amount of consumption per head o f th e population. This state ment deserves the attentive consideration both of the Government and the public. The former it will in struct in the suicidal effects of exorbitant duties upon the revenue; and the latter it will furnish with facts, on which to base applications to the Government and the Legislature fur their diminution or removal. From this table it appears that, notwithstanding the immense addition to the population during the last fifty years, the average quantity of wines consumed in England and Scotland alone, taking the nine years preceding and terminating with 1795, was greater than the quantity consumed in England, Ireland, and Scotland on the average of the two last years, 1842-3. In the former period the quantity taken was at the rate of 5,524,890 gallons ; and in the latter period at the rate of 5,412,104 gallons per annum. The respective rates of duty during the former period were 4s. 10d. on French wines and 3s. lid. on the wines of all other countries ; while the duty at the latter period is ss. 9d. per imperial gallon of all kinds, except Cape. The effect of this increased rate of duly on the consump tion of the article, and consequently on the revenue derived from it, is manifest. " It is a singular fact," remarks the journal to which we have referred, "that the duty received in England and Scotland on foreign wine, in the year 1795, exceeded, by about 20,0001., that received in 1842 in the whole of the United King dom ! But, probably, the effect of high duties will be most forcibly exhibited by the average consumptionper head of the population. In the ten years ending 1794 the (average) consumption was equal to three bottles and a half per head; whilst in 1842-3, it had sunk to one bottle and four-ninths, being rather less than 42 per cent. of the former amount." Were the wines of foreign growth to be admitted at a moderate rate of duty—suppose of one shilling per gallon—the increased consumption would in a few years com pensate the temporary loss to the revenue ; while the comfort, health, and even the morals, of the people would be improved. The apprehensions which are sometimes urged, in the absence of sounder argu ments, against the admission of foreign corn free of duty, will be employed against reducing the duty on wine. It will be said, " If we admit the foreign article free of, or at a low duty, we shall be placed at the mercy of foreigners for a supply ; and, in the event of a war between Great Britain and the wine• producing countries, the supply would cease." The objection is more specious than sound. The use of wine, even were the duty diminished, would, in such a case, be still principally confined to the classes who could easily betake themselves to another exhili rating beverage, even though the supply of wine were limited; while those who now regularly drink wine would still manage to procure their accustomed glass at a price not greater than is now paid for the article. The diminution in the consumption of barley which a considerable increase in the present consumption of wine would occasion, would be also urged against a con siderable reduction in the wine duty. This also, though a more formidable objection than the former, is scarcely tenable. The agriculturists—who would employ this argument against lowering the duty on wine—are using every exertion to render this country inde pendent of foreigners for a supply of corn. By all the appliances and means which modern discoveries in science can supply, the land is to be made in creasingly productive, to furnish adequate supplies of food for the constantly increasing population. But in that very proportion in which the demand for barley is diminished, bread• corn will be produced ; and thus the object for which the agriculturists are striving with so much commendable earnestness will be assisted. This argument may also be employed with effect in resisting the attempts which are now being made by the farmers to obtain the abolition of the malt-tax, at the cost of retaining the income-tax. A removal of that impost would increase the consumption of barley; but th en a l arger b rea dth of land sown with barley would red uce t h e quan tity on which wheat is grown ; and th us th e necess ity for importing wheat from other c oun t r i es wou ld b e crea ted by the British agriculturists, w h o a ff ect so gre at a horror of our being depende n t on f ore i gners f or a supply. STAND ARD.—By what is called, in news p a p er phraseology, a curious coincidence, we hare the or gans of the two extreme parties in England—" the old Whig-Radical party " and " the Young England party," viz., the Morning Ch ron icle and the Morning Post, this day attacki ng the policy of Sir R. Peel's Government upon the very same ground—the alleged predominance of the French above the English influ ence in Spain, in Egypt, in Turkey, and in Greece. As it is not pretended that England has sus tained, or is likely to s ustain, any material loss in consequence of this alleged inferiority of influence, we can afford to examine the question calmly and in the abstract. And thus examining it, we think we shall find, even supposing the allegation much better founded than it seems to be, that in the state of affairs de scribed, we have no reason to be ashamed or alarmed for our country, or for blaming our Govern ment. England and France are at the head of the nations of the world. United they can command—we trust long will command—the peace of the world; and while this happy state of universal peace is preserved, they will in a great degree share the influence which their ascendancy gives them, in more or less equal proportions. These proportions will of course be determined according to the univer sal and immutable laws by which the con duct and the feelings of mankind are re gulated, laws which no diplomacy can seriously affect. Now it may be stated, as a proposition ad mitting of no exception, that all nations are naturally jealous, that they see with pain and apprehension the rapid advances to a marked ascendency of any one nation ; and that when competition on their own part is hopeless, they will (except under the pressure of danger to themselves) rejoice to assist a rival in reducing the ascendancy of the object of their jealousy. Now we say it with regret, though not with regret that England has advanced, but with regret that France has not kept pace with her—that England has advanced more rapidly in prosperity and power during the last half century than any other nation —more rapidly than any nation ever before ad vanced. Here, then, is an occasion of universal jealousy ; a motive to every nation on the face of the earth (other considerations apart) to aid our next neighbour—our rival, but still, we hope, our friend, to come up to our level. Prima facie every nation in Europe would, for the reason stated, allow a preference to the French before the English influence, but with respect to the nations bordering upon France there is a counteracting principle. France, though perhaps absolutely less powerful, is relatively to these bordering nations more power ful than England—she can injure them much more easily than England can, as they have felt too re cently to forget the lesson. It is only in the coun tries protected by distance or by local circum stances, from French power, that the common feel ing of jealousy has full play. In aid of this common feeling there are other motives at work in those countries where the English influence is said to have declined. In every country where men can pretend to think, nay, in every council of the most despotic state, there will be two par ties, and these parties will seldom be very scrupulous as to the means they employ to se cure their own preponderance ; but in the pre sent condition of Europe the least scrupulous party, if it desire a change, whether that change be from despotism to freedom, or from freedom to despotism, will naturally attach itself to the French influence. Non-intervention, honestly pursued, has been for centuries the characteristic of British policy. We hardly remember an exception, save under the Whig Governments of 1827 and 1831 ; and Whig Governments are themselves, happily, exceptions to our whole system. It would be an in sulting irony, to say the same of France. Even since the Restoration of 1815, France has, on more than one occasion, shown herself too prompt to violate the independence of her neighbours, witness the Duke of Angouleme's expedition to Spain to establish despotism, Marshal Gerard's invasion of the Netherlands to support an unprovoked re bellion, the occupation of Ancona, and other similar enterprises. 'We have a full confidence that, under the wise and just government of the pre sent King, no such attempts would now be made ; but we are speaking of the effect of the - former French policy upon the minds of others, and the events to which we have referred are too recent for the impression produced by them to be yet effaced. Certain it is that the hopes of Jacobin revolutionists and of despotic counter-revolutionists everywhere point to France, without any fault either of the British or the French Government; and that as either revolutionist or counter-revolutionist party predominates, the French influence will he in the ascendant. This is the penalty we must expect to pay for our fidelity to the principle of non-intervention —as we have seen we have to pay another penalty of the same kind for our prosperity. There is another consideration connected with our respect for the independence of all nations, tending in the same direction, for which we have as little cause to blush, though unfortunately it does not reflect much honour upon human nature. Spain and Greece, two of the States in which our influence is said to have declined, have both had proof that Eng land (it may be for her own sake) will nut allow them to be finally oppressed by any ally or any enemy; they deal with us, therefore, upon the ungenerous principle that hey will snake the most of the time, while they rely upon our ultimate protection. These are principles of action, we repeat it, not to be controlled by any art of diplomacy, for what have they in common with diplomacy ? It is not by intriguing with this indi vidual, or that party, that the mind of a nation is to be changed, or the moral sense of a whole people is to be elevated. Officious meddling would have a di rectly opposite effect, while it would infinitely de tr.ct from the high character of this great and universally honoured, though universally envied country. As to the caprices of the Porte, or of the Pacha of Egypt, ho can account for the caprices of tyrants, or who can correct them ? We must always calculate upon such caprices, and must anticipate that they will be generally unfavourable in proportion to our success, for constant success implies superior wisdom, and superior wisdom is to the ignorant and ill-disposed always a reason for dislike and fear. We have thus briefly considered the subject upon the hypothesis supplied by our Whig-Radical and Young England Contemporaries, and, as we think, satisfactorily shown, that unless England de scends from her present high station, or abandons the ingenuous and honourable policy that has raised her to that position, she must, in a period of peace, expect that her seeming influence will be less than that of France. Not that France seeks such preponderance by any unworthy means. The employment of such means is, we know, impossible to the present Government of France ; and the employment of such means, to a serious extent, by any government of France, would probably defeat its own object by exciting jealousy; but it is expecting too much to expect that France or any other country will reject an ad vantage freely offered to her, and offered as it were in obedience to a law of nature. What we have to do is to remain indifferent, until some of our material in terests are attacked, or, at least, endangered; and if Lord Palmerston, or some one like him, does not ob tain admittance into the Foreign-office, this state of comfortable indifference will continue long enough. TIMES.—The result of the preliminaries for the elec tion of the President of the United States is no less in teresting as an exemplification of the general effects of elective and republican government, than as an indica tion of the particular policy we may expect to trace for the next four years in the Cabinet of Washington. Is it, or is it not e a probable, if not an inevitable, conse quence of universal suffrage, that men will choose a weak instrument of their own passions, rather than a strong ruler, gifted with wisdom and energy to meet the exi gencies of Government ? Is it not an ancient and in contestable truth, that in a pure democracy the highest excellence is more apt to lead to proscription than to power ? The choice of the citizens of America, not only on this, but on some former occasions, is calculated to shake the confidence of the most ardent partisan of their institutions; for the position of a President is not so exalted that his dignity shelters him from the keenest criticism of public opinion, and throws on others the re sponsibility of the Government : he may attain to elevated and political rank without any real eleva tion of character, and he may rise to power without respect. The principle of monarchy suffers nothing in a constitutional country from the occasional presence on the throne of Princes incapable of a full or proper discharge of the duties of government ; when-• ever such a misfortune occurs it is justly attributed to the accident of descent, and the Constitution provides a remedy. But the Constitution of the United States ac knowledges the possibility of no such accident, and pro vides no such remedy. There is nothing of theory in the qualifications and dignity of the Chief Magistrate of the Union ,• they are whatever the de facto office bearer of the State makes them to be ; and instead of Mr. Polk being raised to the Presidency, the Presidency is lowered to the standard of Mr. Polk. Nay, more, whilst the President continues to exercise powers which, though temporary, do in some respects exceed the powers of a King of England, his personal importance may sink very low in comparison with that of members of his own Cabinet, although he, and not they, is the practical and responsible head of the Government. Such was the contrast between Mr. Webster and Mr. Tyler ; such will probably be the contrast be tween Mr. Calhoun and the now President elect. One of the principal difficulties of the authors of the American Constitution was to steer a middle course between the danger of investing the President with so much power as to endanger the liberties of the country, and that of leaving him so little that ho would cease to be the effective head of the State. As long as the choice of the community fell upon one of the most able citizens, and the public dignity of the office was backed and reinforced by the private consideration of him who tilled it, both these dangers were well avoided. The period of four years is too short for dangerous am bition to work is ; and the power of the President in the hands of a competent Statesman commands a due respect. Bat if the case be otherwise, the office gives little real power to him who is not supported in it, by a large amount of personal influence and public eoe ; and if this influence and this esteem be enjoyed by others, who may be subordinates in authority or oppo nents of the whole Government, such a state of things tends manifestly to bring the institution itself into con tempt. We sincerely hope that Mr. Polk, of whom w e know at present too little to have any preposses sions against him, except those we derive from the extravagant language of his supporters, will show in progress of time that he knows; not only how to win a victory, but to use it well. He will have the advantage of coming into office at a time when the pros , perity of the country is reviving ; and he may be con sidered safe from any political tempests of great violence, unless he has the ill judgment to rouse them in the wilds of Oregon or on the borders of Texas. In the present state of the Texan question, when a new President, Mr. Jones, has just been elected in that commonwealth, who is said to be firmly attached to the independence of his country, it is exceedingly to be regretted that Mexico should entertain the project of re-invading her former province. Whatever maybe the immediate result of such an operation, it can scarcely fail to kindle the utmost excitement in the United States, and in all pro bability to extend the war beyond its original limits. The influence of England, France, and the other Powers which kayo recognised Texas, has already been exerted in the shape of the liveliest remonstrances against these designs of the Mexican Government. The success of a campaign against Texas would probably be more inju rious to Mexico than actual defeat ; for although it is possible that Santa Anna may penetrate into the country, he can neither subdue it nor expel the Anglo- American settlers ; and he must, in reality, pre pare for a contest with a far more considerable Power. It is possible that the intelligence of Mr. Polk's election may suggest a more guarded course to the Mexican Ge neral; but, on the other hand, the vehement threats of an nexation with which the democratic party have brought in their candidate, may induce the Mexicans to strike a blow, in the next few months, before the new Govern ment is installed at Washington. Under these critical circumstances, it is not unreasonable to contend that the European Powers which have recognised the indepen dence of Texas are bound in good policy as well as in good faith to demand of Mexico, as well as of every other Power, that this new state be acknowledged and unmolested. If we had a sufficient interest in this ques• tion to recognise Texas at all—if we, in common with other states of Europe, are prepared to resist the an nexation of Texas to the United States as an act of rapine, calculated to deprive us of a useful ally, to perpetuate slavery, and to create a rival maritime Power in the Gulf of Mexico, it would appear to be no more than just to maintain the independence of Texas against Mexico itself, and, above all, by a declara tion of the principal States of Europe, to terminate this state of uncertainty and menace. Had Texas consented to abolish slavery, all her political difficulties would long since have been terminated ; and, instead of being an object of mingled contempt and desire to the population of the United States, she would have placed er whole social condition on a higher and more secure basis than theirs, and would be prepared to play a con spicuous part in the history of the new world. It is not easy to steer an even course between the slave policy of the United States and the free policy of Mexico or of England. But if there be in Texas men who look honestly to the future welfare of the country they have adopted, and who contemplate something more than the base transfer of their national rights to others, they deserve to find support in Europe : and there is too much reason to fear, that unless the intervention of the European Powers settles this question now, it will at no distant period embroil the western hemisphere in war. If, however, the independence of Texas be recognised by Mexico, under suitable conditions, and with the guaran tee of Europe, the national existence of that state is safe from every thing but the treachery of her own citizens ; and the growth of her independent interests would soon place them beyond the reach of temptation. CHRONICLE.—Frorn all points of the compass, and by every post, arrive fresh proofs and instances of the ability with which our foreign diplomacy is conducted. The Levant mail of the other day brought news of the dismissal of Rifest Pacha, the Turkish Reis Effendi, the only member of the Divan at all courteous, conciliatory, or favourable to England. He was, in fact, the only member of the Turkish Cabinet who - a 4 it was our interest to preserve in office. Why was he dismissed ? the Frankfort Journal, well informed on Turkish affairs, takes the trouble to inform us :—" Sir Stratford Can- ning was the innocent cause. The English representa tive having had on the 30th of October an audience of the Sultan, to notify the birth of Prince Alfred, tool; advantage of the opportunity to kip; to the Sultan that the march of his general policy might he better. How ever reserved this accusation against his Ministers was s: • :en, the young Sultan was moved thereby, and spoke.; on the subject to Riza Paella, who adroitly, instead 0 contradicting the arguments of Sir Stratford, flung all the blame upon Rifaat, and, accordingly, the most moderate and best intentioned of the Ministers was dismissed." If from Constantinople We turn to Alex andria, we see marks of the same ability and success. The Governor-General of India, in passing through Egypt, had won upon the Paella, who promised to re- , guiate the transit across Egypt both for letters and light merchandise in a satisfactory manner. Our dear allies, the French, were of course, bursting with spleen and envy, lest we should even get our letters through Egypt with more facility. The Marquis of Lavalette em ployed, of course, all his well-known talents to defeat and undo what Sir Henry Hardinge had done. It was a mighty matter to Egypt. To encounter the difficulty, Lord Aberdeen sends out a post-office clerk, from the usual policy of being humble and matter-of-fact. The consequence has been, that Mehemet Ali has scarcely deigned to take notice of him, and that the French have had influence to cause every obstacle to be thrown in our way. The post-office clerk has done nothing for his office ; the Transit Company is to be broken up, and the superintendence of steamers up the Nile, and the subsequent passage of the desert limited to Turks, to the exclusion of Europeans. In Greeee and in Spain France is as triumphant over us as in Alexandria. In both plac,•s, that is, in Athens and Madrid, the French Minister is playing precisely the same game. lie has set up his crwitures in both places, and the first law of these creatures is to exile and proscribe every one sus pected of being friendly to England. The Esparterists were not pursued with more rancour in Spain, than the Mavrocoi dutists in Greece. Mavrocordato has been elected member for Carysto ; but his old friend Coletti, under the inspiration of M. Piecatory, will not even allow Mavrocordato to sit ; and he is proceeding to pack the little Chamber at Athens, precisely on the same prin ciple as the little Spanish Cortes has been packed, vi et armis. The French Court and Government seem, in deed, to have the same rule of conduct in both coun tries. They have taken for allies and proteges, both in Spain and Greece, the military party; these carry every thing by intimidation, and, if this fails, by murder. General Grivas, who so lately completed his political education on board a French steamer, is the Greek Nur vaez ; he is the bully and the blusterer fur frightening timid deputies into the right way of voting. And when Grivas shouts his orders in the Greek Assembly, they have the same effect as tlio-e of Nareaez at Madrid, where people know that the hired informer, the dependent court-martial, and the executioner, wait on the word of the military dictator. We hear it rumoured, that the French Opposition is not to be so very violent against us, poor Englishmen. as it used to be. We shall be very happy to see any proofs of this ; and shall be eager to do justice to either journalists or Parliamentary orators who can le! induced to part with those convenient and accustomed themes of invention and declamation, which afforded argument, force, eloquence, and apparent patriotism, at so little expense of talent, information, sincerity, or truth. But first let us see some indication of this improved feeling, and, above all, of its effect upon the conduct of the Go vernment. What interests us, however, far more than the tone, either present or prospective, of the French Opposition, is the actual policy of the French Cabinet, which, notwithstanding the visit of Louie Philippe and M. Guizot to Windsor, displays all the old jealousy of French tradition. The Cabinet of M. Thiers, even in its last days, never acted on so decided a principle of national rivalry at Alexandria, as that with es hich M. Guizot is new counteracting in that country our cer tainly not unfair or insidious efforts for procuring free transit. Even the mild Journal des Debuts bristles up at the idea of a railroad between Suez and Cairo, and is quite as much haunted by the spectre of the perfide Albion, as its brethren of the Presse or the National. POST.—When Mr. Gladstone introduced his Bill for removing all fiscal obstructions to the exportation of British machinery, the Morning Post stood alone in de- , nouncing that measure as destructive of the mauufac turing superiority of England. The Bill in question was supported almost unanimously by the free traders in the House of Commons ; yet now the free traders who com pose the Manchester Chamber of Commerce declare, in their elaborately prepared memorial, that unless Go vernment shall extend relief to them they must be driven from all the foreign markets which they at present sup ; ply. "Foreign competition," they state, "has already been increased by the free exportation of British ma chinery ; and so formidable are the indications of in creased competition with the very same implements that are used in this country, that if there were no other reason fur the repeal of the cotton-tax this alone would be sufficient to render it imperatively requisite." The Manchester Chamber of Commerce declares that the tax on raw cotton is equivalent to a tax of ten per cent. in favour of the American manufacturer. Good ; but in the possession of better and cheaper machinery, the Eng lish manufacturer enjoyed advantages over his foreign rival, amounting to not less than twenty or thirty per cent. In his speech in support of the Exportation-of- Machinery Bill, Mr. Gladstone admitted this fact. " lie believed," such were the Right Honourable Gentleman's words, " that since the foundation of machinery establishments in Belgium for machines, equal in execution to those of this country, the foreigner did not pay more than twenty or thirty per cent. more than the British manufacturer paid." Before the passing of Mr. Gladstone's Machinery Bill, the foreigner did, how ever, pay twenty or thirty per cent. more for his machi nery than the British manufacturer was obliged to do. This mighty advantage our free trade loving manufac turers and Mr. Gladstone agreed to throw away ; and now these modest manufacturers declare that the pos session by foreigners of an advantage to the extent of ten per cent. must utterly destroy our foreign trade ! Not merely did the patriotic Mr. Gladstone counsel the abandonment by our manufacturers of exclusive advan tages ranging in extent from twenty to thirty per cent., he declared, emphatically, moreover, that while, on the one hand, our machine makers might hope, by means of the action of his Bill, to monopolise " the machine-making of the world," our manufacturers would, on the other hand, suffer nothing from the influence of the measure. To our magnanimous Minister the sacri fice about to be made by our manufacturers ap peared, indeed, absolutely insignificant "To pre vent their foreign rivals"—such were the words of Mr. Gladstone, " from having so slight an advantage was most invidious." If it was " invidious " to refuse to our foreign rivals the " slight advantage" of twenty or thirty per cent. on the price of machinery, must it not, according to the logic of our invaluable President of the Board of Trade, be still more " invidious" to refuse to our foreign rivals the slighter advantage of ten per cent. in the price of raw cotton ? The object of Mr. Gladstone was, as he proclaimed when he introduced his Machinery Bill, " to secure to England a steady and valuable trade." An increasing trade in machine making for foreign countries can, it is obvious, become " steady" chiefly in reference to its effects in " steadily " diminish ing our export trade in all other manufactured commo dities. In direct proportion to the increase in the ex portation of English machinery, must be the decrease in the exportation of our cottons,:woollens, and hardware. In direct proportion, in short, to the extent to which we may augment the means by which foreigners may manu facture for themselves must, of necessity, be the decline in the foreign demand for English manufactured commo dities. Our foreign trade has for a quarter of a century been all in all in the eyes of all " enlightened commer cialists ;" yet these "enlightened commercialists," who have so long and so unweariedly asserted the paramount importance of foreign trade, have deliberately sacrificed that foreign trade, in the acquisition of which England has endured so many fearful sacrifices. In enabling foreigners to manufacture for themselves, we have ob viously abandoned our cherished scheme of manufactur ing for them ; in other words, we have virtually aban doned our foreign trade. What, however, let us ask, may be the value of that trade in machine making which Mr. Gladstone hoped to gain, when weighed against the value of the trade which we have consented to throw away ? Statistics for determing this question have been supplied by free-traders. Our manufactured annual ex ports, foreign and colonial, amount, as Leaguers are never weary of proclaiming, to fifty millions sterling. Of these about thirty millions represent the extent of our foreign trade. The value of English machinery ex ported before the passing of Mr. Gladstone's measure, by means of smuggling, and of the " licensing" system, was shown by the free-trader, Mr. Brotherton, to amount to one million and a half annually. The value of the machinery so exported, when compared with the value of the goods which that machinery was fitted to produce, was declared by Mr. Gladstone to be five per cent. These estimates—estimates supplied by free traders—prove, that the machinery which, under the action of the " licensing " system, was exported from England—machinery of the value of one million and a half sterling—represented an annual production of goods abroad to the extent of thirty millions sterling —repre sented, therefore, a loss to that extent to English manu facturers of cottons, woollens, and hardwares. The whole of our actual foreign trade scarcely exceeds, as we have stated, thirty millions sterling. As, therefore, ac cording to Mr. Gladstone, the value of machinery em ployed in manufactures does not exceed five per cent. on the value of the commodity produced—and as, according to Mr. Brotherton, we did, before the passing of Mr. Gladstone's Bill, send abroad, by direct and indirect means, machinery to the annual value of a million and a half—it would seem to follow, that whenever Mr. Glad stone's Bill shall double our former exportations of ma chinery, our foreign trade must be annihilated. Our system of foreign trade is, therefore, doomed. We shall, hereafter, discuss the very curious question—why our manufacturing agitators in favour of " extended foreign trade," should have lent themselves to Mr. Gladstone's scheme for the overthrow of our foreign trade. HERALD.—The late anniversary dinner, to celebrate the acquittal of Hardy and Co. in 1'794, has been too little alluded to. It is a new and a remarkable feature in our politics, that judges are now expected to sacrifice their own convictions, and act as the mob wish. This was avowed on that occasion. The health of Lord Denman was toasted as an honest judge, because he voted in a way to meet the approbation of the agitators. Those who agreed with him were praised as his sup porters ; those who differed from him were held up to the reprobation—" the contempt and scorn"—of the people ; the mention of them was received with yells and hisses. Therefore the judges are now expected to give their decisions, not according to their opinions, their consciences, and their oaths ; but are expected to give them en one side. This is quite clear; no j udge can ever be the subject of praise or blame for giving hip judgment according to his honest opinion he has no control over hi 4 opinion ; his reason is convinced by the argument presented to h im ; he aee:des accordin g ly. To praise him for this , or to blame him, would be about as absurd as to praise or blame a man for saying that two and two make four. But, if a judge is to decide, not as lie thinks but as the mo wish, then it is quite consistent for the 1' . 013 to thank him. Nov, th en. W have, in th e late meeting, a now and striking illustration of what we have so often maintained— r (,' ' 7 F —: V -.) -'—: _ ti---V" t r . ..,.; .-,':::S's '4—;;---" '—.' (-‘‘.--ri..-7.:, .. j... namely, that the late judgment of Lord Denman, Cottnnham, and Campbell, is regarded by their party as an act conducive to the interests of that party By the way, what reason could male the Hirdy-mea omit all mention of Mr. Justice Maule's (pink, and ar riment agginst the agitators ? and yet he was one of Mr. O'Connell's members in the last Parliament, and he decided against him. The extraordinary, the wholly nurecedented step since taken by th e Lord Chief Jua tice, adds force and illustration to the satro position. %Vixen before did a judge ever appeat to the public through the press ? When did any of Lor.l I) man's predecessors ever publish his argument, and add !Age after page in support of his reasonings which h e ha,, no t delivered in his place ? Lord Tenterden was so j' lons On the subject of judges publishing, that he would nut even give a new edition of his book on shipping with his name. We believe Mr. Justice Bayley had the like scruple as to his book on bills and notes. But what would either of these judges have said of a Chief Justice resorting to the press, and giving both a corrected report of his own speech in pronouncing judgment, and adding many pages which he never had spoken ? How can Lord Denman know that his delivering these arguments might not have convinced the minority of the law Li , rds, and so made the judgment of reversal unanimous ? But, suppose there had been an affirmance, be would equally have kept his reasons from his br,thren, and then how could he tell, that had he delivered them as he was bound to do, a reversal might not have been the result ? MONEY MARKET and CITY NEWS. CITY, THURSDAY EVENING. TIMES.—The following notice was issued this a; ter noon by the Bank of England : " Bank of England, Nov. 28, 1844, " The Governor and Company of the Bank of Eng land are ready until further notice to rsceive applications for loans upon the deposit of approved bills of exchange not having more than six months to run, Exchequer Bills, and East India Bonds, such loans to be repaid on or before the lith of January next, s‘ith interest at the rate of 2. per cent. per annum, aDd to be for sums of not less than 2,0001. each." The above does not differ from former notices, except that the interest is 2i, instead of 3 per cent. ; but it is tolerably evident that the expectation of such a rodue tion has prevailed in the Money-market for several days past, and that to this is to be ascribed the recent rise and great firmness of the Consol-market. The Directors in this case are pursuing that course which they have already intimated it was their intention to do, of forcing business On such terms as the state of the Money. market would permit, considering themselves quite as much in the character of private as in that of chartered bankers. It will effectually prevent that rise in the va:ue of money which before was generally anticipated as likely to take place. We have received a letter from a Correspondent con taining some queries respecting the Bank returns, and the p )sition of that Company. The first is—" The Bank having reduced their Government securitiee to 13,539,775/., as stated in the last return, which is nearly half a million less than the securities required as the basis of their issue, how is it that the 14.000,0001. still appears to their credit in the issue department ?" In answer to this, it is sufficient to point out that the 14,000,0001. in the issue department is formed of 11,015,0001, original debt due from the Government to the Bank, and which is so expressed in the return, and, added to this, 2,984,9001. of securities to make up the amount of 14,000,0001. This latter small sum pre•bably consists of Exchequer Bills or funded stock. These form the basis of the issue of notes according to the last Act, and they have nothing whatever to do with the amount of 13,539,7751., which is the amount which the banking department, and not the issue department, holds of Government securities, and which varies according to the amount which the Bank has for investment. Thus, when the public deposits on the 12th of October N , ere upwards of 8,000,000/., the Bank had upwards of 16,000,000/. invested in Government securities ; and now that after the payment of the dividends the public deposits have been reduced to below 4,000,000/., the Go vernment and other securities held by the aink have been diminished in a corresponding proportion, and this has taken place, as was recently observed, without mate rially altering the amount of notes ia circulation ; the difference in which at the two periods above alluled to is below 300,0001. The fact, therefore, being, as is apparent both from the wording of the Act and the nature of the returns, that the 14,000,0004 in the circulation department is totally distinct and separate from the item hvadetl " Go vernment securities," in the banking department, the next query of our Correspondent, regarding the neces sity of altering the amount of the first of these suws in the return, in proportion as the second varies, does nut require further answer. The last of his inquiries, as to " whether the deed weight annuity is not held by the Bank of Englaral as security fur a portion of the debt of 11,015,0001. due to them by the public ?" appears to require no other reply than a reference to the Act, and the periodical returns. The 11,015,0001. is put down in the circulation depart ment distinctly by itself as the " Government debt ;'C while in the banking department the Government socu. rities held by the Bank are explicitly stated to include the " dead weight" annuity ; and it is well known to all who are also in the least degree acquainted with the subject, that the two transactions are perfectly distinct in their nature, and owed their origin to two dissimilar transactions at very different periods, the one taking its rise from money advanced to Governme n t a t t h e estab lishment of the B.snk, and becoaing increased by subse quent additional loans ; mod th• •• dead weight" annuity being a sum paid for a limited p , riod of years to the Bank in compensation for money advanced to Govern ment after the close of the last war. POST.—The Bank, it will be recollected, have, since the appearance of their September notice, been ;lying money on bills at th e ra t e o f two-and-a-half and on notes at the rate of three per cent. ; so that 'there i s i n the present announcement less to remtv e le upon than would at first view be supposed, The exchanges con tinue favourable to this country, and, lately, the institu tion has been recovering a portion of its treasure. There was consequently no motive for making money cl,arer by an advance in the charge for interest. With respect to an increase in the stock of bullion, however, it may be observed that no importance is to be attached to the matter. The accession of 100,0001. more or less was o;ving, no doubt, to the purchase last week of an ienpur tatien of half a million of dollars from Mexico or else where, and this shows the uselessness of making compa risons of returns issued at intervals of a single week. The Bank returns require to be looked at quarterly, or perhaps rather oftener. An examination of the items upon this system will enable bankers and others to see what is the governing policy of the Board of Directors, and what the course of the foreign excharres. On the whole, the reduction of the Bank rate to-day has been regarded as a measure by no means unfavourable to speculative enterprise. LA W INTELLIGENCE. PRIVY COUNCIL, Nov. 29. The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council sat to day at the Council-office, Whitehall. The Lords present were—the Master of the Rolls, Lord Campb e ll, M r . Baron Park e , th e J u d ge of the Admiralty Court, the Chancellor of the Duchy of Cornwall, Sir IL East, Sir E. Ryan, and Sir E. Johnson. .IE:VEER EAFIEE AND OTIIIRS V. YURITZ DAHER AND OTHERS. The arguments in this part-heard appeal were resumed and occupied their Lordships the whole day. COURT OF QUEEN'S BENCH, Nov. 29. (Sittings at Nisi Prius at Westminster before Lord DEN MAN and a Middlesex Common Jury.) PITCHER v. KING. This was an action brought by the plaintiff, an attor ney, against the defendant, the Sheriff of Sussex, for making an improper return to a writ for levying an exe cution on the goods of a person named Bean, at Brighton. The history of this case is a curious one. The plaintiff, who is an attorney, appeared as such in Court, and was constantly instructing his counsel, Mr. 'Watson. Two juniors, Mr. Crompton and Mr. Charncck, were with Mr. Watson, but neither of them were is Court when the case was called on, neither did they appear in Court during its progress. Mr. WATSON opened the case to the jury, and stated that the case had previously been before the Court on demurrer. The pleadings were most voluminous, and had been drawn with such ingenuity that they had puzzled all the lawyers in Westminster Hall. Lord DEN3IAN—I am sure they puzzled all the Judges.—(A laugh.) Mr, WATSON had sat up the greater part of last night and the night before, to study them, and was not sure that he actually understood them yet. In consequence of the decision of the Court there had been a new as signment, and that, at all events, the plaintiff would be entitled to their verdict. Mr. PLATT, who appeared for the defendant, thought his Learned Friend did not accurately understand the record. Mr. WATSON requested the officer of the Court to hand him the record. A quantity of parchment, which might have served as a carpet to the floor of the Court, was hers handed to Mr. Watson, who exclaimed, on receiving it, " Why, gentlemen of the jury, here is enough of it to form a winding-sh ee t f or th e w h o l e o f you l' , The case, however, broke down at the very commencement. Al; office copy of the return made by the defendant was put in, and William Walker was called for the purpose of proving it, but William Walker did not answer. He was then called upon his subpoena, and as he did not appear, Lord DINMAN directed that the plaintiff must be non suited. COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Nov. 29. DELLER V. ADAMS. This was an action for compensation in damages for false imprisonment, brought by Anna Deller, a maid servant, against her former master, Mr. Adams, a schoolmaster and lecturer on astronomy, residing at Tottenham, under these circumstances :—On the morning of the 11th of March last, the pre sent plaintiff stated to her master, that, having had occasion to enter the room in which the plate was kept, she discovered that it had been removed, and the basket which had ccntained it was left empty. She appeared at the time to be very ranch agitated, and requested Mrs. Adams to send for a policeman. After this the nursery-maid, who had been sitting at the window at the time when the robbery w as supposed to hare been committed, said that she saw a •man crossing the lawn before the house, that he was dressed in a velveteen coat, and that he resembled a man of the name of Higgie. That person was apprehended, but was afterwards liberated on his recognisances. On the examination of the premises by the police, no trace cf the means by which the robbery was effected could be found ; but it was observed, that a d oor w hi c h opene only lon the inside, was left ajar. The plaintiff said that she had been cleaning the steps and pas ' sage, and might have forgotten to shut the door. On 7',/,V it T.