The Sun. — London, England, 1844-03-29 00:00:00

sCgs• ion of .s been s eD . 'or bel ling took P I Z 8001 0 ''- ilArt i f titi e l Wen Ciw _ky d TI III A . i ting r 171". ;41 • ia ve „ rof i n re3g 11 4 5. ) T ir Olta l g I fr °l°' heiding bk." 7 , i , 1° it tif° io ' ard rr-ti m ,7g , l a rd? r _„,111' meet* that 4e s t t e m d n roj s ti nded te p 1 , , been ' 7 .A " ht that 11 ) s secol l • , s dil* * H b l a l g° °4 thr istefltrr sed t 4 e s ow 00$ 114f jm yft c46l , t01a74; e ic ill reel .1 . • ~, 41 1 e 16 '' nted i)ti* 1 CALEDONIAN RAILWAY, from Carlisle to (19,...1 3414 burgh and Glasgow • being the line recommended by the neat Commissioners. Capital X 1,800,040, in 36.1)00 Shares of £6O each PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE. The Eight Hon. Lord BELHAVEN, Chairman. tti t 3,7 1 .10 1 e Io i taeIGRAHAM, of 3 lossk i now, llep o t i l iu ty . -Chairman. Esq., of Annandale, irms. illeCtBberir3jthe Marquis of j • Bops J. j, M,P. Ron. the Earl of Cath- William Lockhart, Esq., of Milton K.C.E., K.S.W. Lockhart, M.P. ' .h,fiht Hon. Lord Abercromby James Oswald, Esq., of Aucheu , f.,110t lion. Lord Elphinstone cruive, M.P. • A. D. W. B. Cochrane, Esq., of tt ß ight Bon. Lord Torphiehen Lammington, M.P. Wllll4l ll Jardine, of Apple- Thomas Honldsworth, Esq., of •stnLoi, Bart. Coltness, M.P. ty:liklhana Carmichael Anstru- William Forbes, Esq., of Callender, ty.7,r , of Carmi c h ae l, Bart. M.P. 14 4 : r ro derick Pollock, M.P. John Dennistoun, Esq., M.P 1h.. 1 -A kdroiral Sir Chas. Malcolm John Campbell Colquhoun, Esq., J .,_"u 4 Kirkland, of Climpy of Killermont, M.P. 1 :7 4 4 Grant, the Hill, Carlisle William Ewart, Esq., M.P. . 1 1si Provost of Glasgow Mark Phillips, Esq., M.P. of Guild of Glasgow Charles Hindley, Esq., M.P. • e n nmvener of the Trades-house, Colonel B. Elphinstone g o w J. Fuilarton Elphinstone, Esq., Provost of Perth Monkland Fewest of Lanark Robert Garnett, Esq., of Wyerside, Provost of Anderston of Lancashire 11 43 , 1 1 " ' Johnstone Douglas, Esq., of Lock :vast of Calton, Glasgow erby ti o - u4 irrnan of the Grand June- Weliwood Maxwell, Esq. of Rill ' k wi, way Company, J. Moss ,' Munshes Charles i Stewart, Esq. of Hillside s way of the North Union,J. Wightman, Esq., of Courance - l r ay Company, T. W. Rath-David Dickson, Esq., of Hartree 44 c ut el,. E ,q• Col. Macdonald, of Powder-hall - -- , Man of the Lancasterßichard Mackenzie, Esq., of Dol , aald , • .ecton Railway Company,l phinton tb 4 ,7rgh Burrow, Eaq, (Robert Monteith, Esq., of Carstairs A n 'ilLtairman of the Manehester,lWilliam Forbes, Esq., of Medwin i„Too, and Bury Railway Com-' Thomson Carmichael, Esq., of N?, James Braneker, Esq. Eastend ePlity Chairman of the Lan- Robert Steuart, Esq., of Carfin - ,71 1. te ad Carlisle Railway Com- Archibald Campbell, Esq., of ble or, John Wakefield, Esq. Blythswoed uA Chairman of the Garnkirk James Ewing, Esq., of Levenside fe.,.2laagow Railway Company, Henry Eouldsworth, Esq., of C ran- Sprot, Esq, stounhiil Chairman and Directors of William Dixon, Esq., of Govan • it: W L'havr and Coltness Rail- John Tennant, Esq., of St. Rollox thelh Ce "P l inY Alexander Dennistoan, Esq., of and , Directors o = Golfhill g.'itotkland and Kirkintilloch i ßobert Findlay, Esq., of Easterhill J say Cempany Robt. Bartholomew, Esq., Glasgow " L ula, Esq., of Knells, Car- Laurence Robertson, Esq., ditto Q. t• Henry Brock, Esq., ditto • .tl l ' 7 aohd, Esq., of Riekerby- Alexander Hartle, Esq., ditto •ili t Tmle, Carlisle C. M. Barstow, Esq.. Edinburgh n ) 71, Howard, Esq. A. Rliott Lockhart, Esq., of Borth- Castle, Carlisle wick Brae. 14;Z:on, Esq., Cowan Head, R. Paterson, of Blackheath, Esq. 13. Masterman, jun., Esq., Banker, I London. IN zus—Josoph Looke, Esq., F.R.S. ; J. B. Errington, Esq. Member of the Inst. C. E. 4„ - Z:77TANY—Lieut.-Colonel Ilumfrey, Associate of the Inst. C.B. • ' l4 . ll titrAar AGENTS.—Messrs. Archibald Grahame,. MCOMINAIL. • Aqa.. and Weems. 11,4 5 , -.4-.0 IN ....nnuntraca—Messrs. Mope and Oliphant, W.S. GLAsaow—Messrs. Mitchell, Henderson, and Mitchell, and Adam Monteith, Esq. AGENT AT LANARK—John Man, Eat. BANS Messrs. Masterman and Co. ••• • • • ...... London. •, Moss and C 0........ .. ....... Liverpool. „ waxetield, Crewdson, and Co. .... Kendal. Head - and C 0....... ...... ... Carlisle. The Lancaster Yanking Company • • Commercial Bank .. ....... Edinburgh. •• Royal Bank .... • • Glasgow. Commercial Bank • The Western Bank at Hamilton and Airdrie. C?!llectuses, witk form of application for shares and plans, with • Isorler Particulars, may be had on application to Messrs. Foster k i zraithwaite, 64, Old Itroad-street, London ; to Messrs. Mitchell, tap: 4o B, aid Mitchell, or to Mr. John Lang, Glasgow ; to Messrs. ii.... a ltd•ollphant, or Messrs. J. Robertson and Co., Edinburgh to k o C2 Forsyth and Pritchard, Liverpool; to Mr. J. B. Locke, share- Lf , Manchester ; er to the Provisional Committee, 22, Par- Watminster.—March 15, 1844. T r . - • ESTABLISHED 1821. uE LONDON•MARBLE AND STONE kt e ,4IV_ORKINIB COMPANY, are enabled, with their PATENT VERY, to execute Chimney Pieces, Monuments, Tablets, te t s,, s _ f or Furniture, arid. every description. of suck Work, with an teti".c.., Y, rapidity of execution, beauty and durability of Polish , and o° ,l of cost; which cannot be obtained elsewhere. ty,,PUblic are invited to inspect their extensive SHOW-ROOMS, i l ,'",!_ng the largest stock in this country. le he rrade supplied with every description of Rough Slab Blocks, ''‘utlings.; or Blocks sent to the Works ,cut to order. pi t 4 e tsker-street, Rolywell-street, Milbank, Westminster. tic% „ to be Accurate in copying the Address, to prevent impost . 114,4 ;Re tempany having —no connexion with ,any-other Establish out that in Esher-street. FOREST AND lIIGII MEADOW ESTATE, IN THE COUNTY OF GLOUCESTER. P t ° BE TUESDAY,SOLD. by AUCTION, on the la 4 ki k ...t of April, about 800 LARGE OAK - TREES, with the tops ,oe,7f 1,200 tons of bark from thinnings Of young oaks, and i.lords of Woods. • ki7leUlars to be had of Edward Machen, 'Esq., Whitemead, Cole !lnd at the Office of Woods, &c., in Whitehall. 4 4 . ~,I) O RTAI•iT and EXTENSIVE SALE of Iti ci , 4l 3lßEß and UNDERWOOD, near to the towns of PRES toy RINGTON PEMBRIDGE, and LEOMINSTER, in the I.l' l 2es bf Heref or d and Radnor. t i ,!Tirnber comprise* 1,201 Oak, 386 Ash, and 179 Elm Trees , and rit:T. tY o Poplars and S L ycamores, standing oD certain Farms, the f the late Lyndon Evelyn, Esq., aoteased, called Lower Low._' l4l , ITevr House, Cadwell Held, Upper Kinsham, Upper a nd `' by to troadheath, Rodd Nash, Hill, Leen, Low Yew Tree, and 4f ,„ g . together with about 75 acres of Underwood, principally Oak for7Ztttre growth, standing in Pokewell Wood and other woods, g a Portion of the said Estates. ti.laforesaid Timber and Underwood will be sold stan din g , in by Pablic Auction, by order of the High Court of Chancery, 4e4r",,,,XxliDay, the. 10th day. of April, 1844, at the . Ozford Arms l'ullgton, at Two o'clock in the afternoon. ke txre os viewed on application to the Tenants ; or to the Wood ;, John Eckley, of Beton, and Richard Brown, of Kinsham 4: 1 , 111 .2 04 particulars may be had gratis, in London, at the office of stb.'w William Senior, Esq., Southampton -buildings, Chancery-lane; t 4 William Stephens, 30, Bedford-row ;of Mr. A. Dobie, Lamas -4f4.444,, , Strand ; of Messrs. C. and J. Allen, Carlisle-street, Soho ; ?fr. . Rosser, 'O, Lincoln's Inn-fields. And in the Country, of AInl• • IC• Stephens, and Mr: C. Parsons, in Presteig n ; of Messrs. Itert t — l,and Sale, solicitors, Leominster ; at the Bush a nd Ro y al West tlft......notelu to Bristol ; at the ROYal Hotel, Birmingh am ; at the kt: a Hotel Portsmouth ;. at the Royal Hotel, Plymouth ; at tom h a t .Hotel ' , Southampton ; and at the principal Inns at Here- Kington, and Knighton. 81.) - PERIOR CANDLES. OATIES'S CANDLES, .54d. per lb. ; 'Wax the Candles, Is. 2d.; fine Wax, is. sd. ; Composite, le.; extra 2s ; "(11X-wick Moulds, 7d.; 'transparent Wax, 2s. ; genuine Sperm, 10enulne Wax, 2s. ad.; Yellow Soa p , 465., 528., and 58s. per ; Mottled, 60s. and 645. ; Windsor , Is. 4d. p er packet ; Palm, • 4tl Alr,„ . eld Brown Windsor, Is. 9d. ; Rose, 25.; Camphor, 25.; 28. 6d.; superfine Sealing Wa x, 48. 6d. per lb.; genuine °ll Cs. per gallon Solar O ht. Martin's-lanek, il, 3s. 6d. For cas. At DAVIES'S —lablished warehouse 63 opposite New - ` t tlfhter , " Coffee-house. ivoßy TABLE KNIVES, 115. per dozen. DwisERT, se. ; CARTERS, 3s. 6d. per pair. TABLE. DESSERT. CART 'S. d oz . doz. pair. allndsome balance handle ..• • 18s. Od. 14e. Od. 6s. 6d. 4 balance handle, largest aad best . blttrt," •••• • • • • • • .. ,w ,h Watson's Alabata' Plate `ues, equal to silver .. •• • • 225. 6d. 18s. Oil. Forks half the price of the above. e hOttles have for Fifty Tears ranked preemiseat for their P ru p which is always exchanged, if not approved. rurk 6 Dessert Knives of Watson's new Alabata Plate, with French 4,2 and Ivory Mandles, 2'. be. per set of 24 pieces ; ditto with carved h t .' t ; Handles, or with Albata Plato Bandies and Bl ades, Albert . 21. 10s. per set of 24 pieces. . atkern Handles, qWatson's New Alabata Plate posse sses tho following superiority 3 / 4 4 Other mixed metals :—A rfect sweetness and purity, a rich 144.1,"'"Y appearance, and great durability. Strong Tea-pots for st'sons, 245. each ; Cruet Frames, with fear richly cut bottles, *A4 and is manufactured Into every other article for the table " . noard. Papier Maclale Tea-trays, 15s. a set of three up to aineas. Ss. 6d. LAMrs. , TATscr BRILLIANCYhouses, A 4l and 42, ND ECONOMY IN LIGHT. ~t.s 'S ,"lirate, contain all the most app roved Lam p s of the day. 1. 1t e , 3 7 ' 4 Candle Lamp, which require s no snuffing, 9s, 6d. 2. The 25.. urn Lansp,.to burn a 3-wick candle seven hours for twopence, 1115,7,"h , on ; Magnums, giving a splendid light, 425. Solar 11, 44 , % now so much need, to burn c ommon oil without smoke or h i . ; 2 8.6d., and upwards. tet t e Illustrated Catalogue and Price Current is just published, con detailed list of his jtecitly celebrated Albata Plate, Szo ketti t . ln aY be had gratis and post-free, on application at his ware ', 4 1 and 42, Barbican, and 16, Norton-Folgate. Paper Tea-trays, W)s. the Sot of Three. 3 9, ALBEMARLE.STREET, PICCADILLY. SIGHT AND HEARING. NEWLY INVENTED SPECTACLES, TE -4c,„ LESCOPES, OPERA GLA SSES, MICROSC O PES P s ,'STIC INSTRUMENTS, for REL IEF of DEAFNESS, &c. ter 4 'runised by his Majesty the King of Hanover, her Royal High. Nts i. t he Princess Sophia, her Serene Highness the Princess Plie -h the Princesses Mary and Rosa, her Grace the Dowager ▪ ega of Bedford, and their Graces the Archbishop of Canter. 4, ld'i, the Dukes of Devonshire, Norfolk, Argyll, Marlborough, 4 f AiLanchester Marquises of Londonderry and Thomond. Earls .Wl O 7 ll l, arle, Eagletown. Shaftesbury. Tankerville, Powis, Bradford, isrew. Verulara Harrowby, Buckingham, Meath, Somers, Ox. Sol t ,isburne and ' Ferrers. Bishops of Exeter, Bland ford, Lin. Cork, Elp . hin and Kildare Generals Sir Edward Paget, Sir -• ~ ,L l oYd, Frederic Maister, Clayton, Galway, Grosvenor, Morri. 1 ,1,,.-lott, Robert on and Mackenzie. Major-Generals Sir H. 135e ut ' n 'tone, P . Ey ' rs, D. Macleod, Hamilton, and Wernyss. rals e Sir Henry Bouverie, Sir J. Macdonald, Sir R. 2tiro 4, Sir T. D a ll as , Lord John Hay. Admirals Sir George. Cock` of S ir George Munday, Sir G. Martin, Si r James H. NN , hashed, "std, and Ross. 4 tarf e "'" s . S. and C. SOLOMON S, Opticians and Aurists, 39, Albe. e Nktt;,treet, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel, ha ve invented diet Lenses, &c., of the greatest transparent po wer. Imme treroj these newly invented Spectacle Lenses are plac ed bef o re ex. Imperfect vision, either by day or candlelight, that mist and which appear before the eyes are at once removed, Viery here ript ik.aOrnee e l l and clistinet, vicinn proaprved and khted, and very aged people are enabled to employ their er a at the most minute occupati n, and can see with those Lenses ' tuorQueh less magnifying power, nor will they require the frequent Yet to further helps, as th e Spectacle mow in common use, so is b p e thOsaed imperfect sight becorne s originalsbriht and brilliant, and 14inongtit o u t s youthful, natural, and state; those objects de I,Vecoa riplished is a matter of much deeper conseque n c e than can ed. JA o E,: I r n nds of newly invented INVISIBLE ACOUSTIC INSTRU. • k ..TS NA an .. which enable individuals at an advanced age, and of forty 4etlersiY Years' standing of extreme deafness, instantly to join in 'Pesk:!: Conversation, and to catch the sound of a distant l aw 44, at church, theatre, &c. It pours the conversation into the Ae u m uch an extent that in most severe cases deafness can not bge rv at Al so AW L "! 'mast powerful Newly-invented AC H ROM ATIC OPERA th„, ‘ '.. which are invaluable on the race-course, as well as at theatre, ID 'eat e is„ Telei cePes for the waistcoat-pocket possess extraordinary Ast ,- -Wers fur shooting, sea purposes, &c. ; and with stands tor ciejit'acrnical Observations, with the celebrated Lenses of the most ant ih tr aPzParent brilliancy , the powers are so great over all others, At ah &krises so bright and brilliant, that the most minute objects Soor t : x traordinar distance are brought completely under the eyes. r tat 41 ". Touris ts, and Sea-side Visitors, will here hare a great of Sihri th; e a nd Corn nd MICROSCOPES, by which the circulation c blo o d of a r ly u and a Flea can be seen flowing in great streams. 11 ,__°t A n t ; r :,." .— Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, Opticians and Aurists, are "NinedY Way connected with a Person of the same Name in their v ent Neighbourhood nor in any part of the country. To pre- Ai'Hatakes, be Cautiou% and observe, only to be had at 311, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel. ,70 Mr. THO 3. PROUT, 229, STRAND, LONDON. _ t 1 v 1 1 — The great benefit which I hare receive d b.. 4ut e , taking BLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMA fIC PILLS in. w hich to inforrn you of the particulars of m e. f rheumati m, Whi e 4 , ago I became afflicted with a severe at ta ck o elee_ for three days and nights, presented my having rest or ca s About three vece v in 4a4l was totally incapable of attending to lousiness ' when I was and „p l eaded to try Bl a i r ' s G nu t a nd Rheumatic Pills, which I did, e, ‘ „ rel ok them regularly ter four days, by w h ic h time the pain had tu u l i left me, and on the fifth day I was able to attend to b_n Wh ich I shall endeavour, by every means, to recommend a medicine ren d e r w ill given nte much relief. If the rublication of my ease any service, you are at liberty to use it. As i d I am, Sir, your obedient servant, G. E. SMITH, ' , ant te Mr. Barracl ug _h, Snuff Manufacturer to the Right H onourable the Lord blayor, 46, Ludgate-hill, London. 11, 1943, 7 ,7 Rhove recent testimonial is a further proof of the great efficacy et:t7.valuable medicine, which is the only effectise remedy for erwd rheumatism, sciatica, lumbago, tic doloroux, pains in the head theu.'"e tenet n mistaken es- for the tooth-ache, and for all gouty and nlatin ' Ciirtoins„gra_tifylneg to - have perrnissien to refer to J. R. Mandell, Gard e poncaster, the Rev. Dr. Blomberg, the Chevalier de la Cansaeutenant Masters, late of the Iloyal Newfoundland Vtteran eho l4r 4ies, Mr. !lliskins, brewer and maltster,. Dartford, Mr. RI. Perb r , Luton John G. receivedq., Frimley,. Mr. .Inwooki, sin ; all whom have benefit by taking this mech. 'nee to l r 'P h ave allowed the proprietor the privilege of publishing the e benefit of the afflicted. Ttkom a g Prout, 229, Strand, London ; and by all resNic.t— ;ledicvne Vendors throughout the United Kingdom. Price Aoi ll7r Box. serv e th " BLAIR'S GOUT and RHEUMATIC PILLS, and ob. don_., e name and address of Thou as Prout, 229, StraFid, Lon. th e mokproased upon the Government Stamp affixed to each box of wannitle Medicine. -Q 1i) itia :~. iisi No. 17,007. LONDON, FRIDAY EVENING - MAIiCH 29, 1844. PRICE sd. THE SUN is Published EVERY MORNING at FIVE O'CLOCK, in Time for the EARLY TRAINS and TOWN DELIVERY; a SECOND EDITION (Evening Sun) is Published in Time for the AFTERNOON TRAINS and a THIRD EDITION at SEVEN O'CLOCK, for POST, containing PARLIAMENTARY and all other NEWS in LONDON up to that Hour. • • - .• .V 1 ?AI - - • - • 214 te 11 ' ,47 • 4. 41. 4 4... • 41'4 . 5 7 .4 • -00 1 'Qil4- i'o l4 ` 6 f 5 4 • 1 ., E -1 ,•! - 'z ,9 "" ' 11 ° 11 ' 11. " - P .ndlords. Are the gentlemen who take cr t for peculiar humanity prepared to do this? If they be not, let them cease to offend by their attacks upon manufactures. If the condition of the operative ma nufacturers will justify this attack upon the property of the mill-owners, a case, not less strong, can be made out to warrant interference with the broad acres. The deep misery which prevails in the agri cultural county of Dorset, represented by Lord Ash ley, and to which we may refer at another time, ought to touch the sympathies of the Noble Lord, upon his own principle, and induce him to call for a confiscation of a portion of the land, for the benefit of the poor labourers.—Northern Whig. FACTORY QUESTION. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. SlR,—There is nothing like resolving all impor tant questions into their simplest elements. Let us consider the Factory Bill on this plan. We have first to decide whether the Legislature have the right to interfere between the employers and the employed. Secondly, if it be expedient to do so. Thirdly, in what manner. I think the reply to the first inquiry is, that the Legislature has such right in an extreme case, but in no other. If the crew and passengers of a vessel are wrecked on a desert shore, the paramount necessity of prolonging human life justifies the divi sion of the private stores of food belonging to the passengers among the whole body, after the general stock is exhausted, not otherwise. Secondly, legis lation is expedient if it can remove the evil —not, if no such power exists. Thirdly, the manner—this must be by a general action of the law, not a partial one. If it is necessary to divide any portion of the stores of the passengers, the abstraction for general purposes must be pro rata from all ; it is not pot to take all the property of A., of 8., and of C., and leave untouched that of E., of F., and of G. Let us apply. Beginning with the first branch of inquiry : Is the general condition of factory labourers so bid as to justify extreme measures and violations of general principles ? This point should be settled by exten sive inquiries, the condition of a part must not be assumed as that of the whole. On • the second branch of the inquirY—Can the Legislature enforce an alteration in the ratio of re muneration to the labourer ? First—Can it it prevent the employer reducing the wages origemployed ? If not, the result of legis lation will be, that A B (the labourer), now obtaining twelve loaves by twelve hours' labour, and finding the quantity inadequate to his or her subsistence, will obtain only ten loaves, but will have two unem ployed hours for rest. Second—ls, or is not, the profit of the master manufacturer sufficient to allow of the abstraction of that portion of it which is produced by the last two hours of the labourer's exertions? This, again, should be ascertained by extensive and searching inquiry; assumptions are mere froth and wind. If the profit of the manufacturer is wholly produced by the two hours' labour proposed to be withdrawn, it is clear that the Legislature cannot enforce its decrees. No Act of Parliament can force a man to continue a trade by which he loses. The third point is, whether the House of Commons be disposed to act with impartiality, and pass a Ten Hours' Bill for agricultural labourers, as well as factory people ? The former are said to be even worse than the latter. Finally—lf such a Bill be passed, and the farmer requires a higher price for his loaf, on account of the greater expense of cultivation (employing twelve men for ten hours, instead of ten men for twelve hours, and paying per he a d a s muc h i n one case as the other), whether the consumer be prepared for the enhancement ? POPL ICOLA. THE SWORD OF ADMIRAL DTJPETIT THOTTARS. Public subscriptions, as every one knows, are being raised in France for a sword to be given to the French Admiral, who exhibited his Gallic valour by a victory over Queen Pomare—a feat which Mr. T. P. Cooke, the only recognised British seaman, would very properly describe as an act " unworthy the name of a Tar Who would rather see all his timb er s irrevocably shivered than run down a craft with a helpless female at the figure-head, when he ought to be piping all hands it, a the protection of lonely, defenceless, and, of course, vir tuous woman." Punch, ever anxious to combat against humbug or every description, and to rush into the thickest of the fight, has called upon one of his artists to draw the sword, which has been accordingly drawn ; and it is hoped that our cut of this sword is more to the purpose than any cut the sword will ever give in the hands of its intended owner. The hilt represents Queen Pomare, whom the French Admiral endeavoured to make a handle of. On the blade is another representation of her Tahitian Majesty, kneeling before Thouars, who, with a littleness that quite justifies - his prsenomeu of Petit, is waving insultingly over her that most obtrusive bit of rag, which was formerly respected as the tricolour, but which is sadly soiled and de graded by some of the hands it has since fallen into. The scabbard is covered with various emblematical de signs, headed by a little monstrosity intended to sigttit,r Young France, who, if not, both " old enough and ugly v.ftv a.w.L -r itself, certainly puaavaava latter of these two requisites for self-protection. The: other devices are emblamatical of the object for which the sword is given ; but the Admiral himself is typified by the inside, which, as the sword is out of the scabbard, conveys the idea of absolute emptiness.—Punch. THE COMFORT OF ~ KNOWING THE WORST." At the Huntingdon Assizes, Gifford White, aged 18, nas sentenced to transportation for life for sending a letter to a farmer, threatening to burn his farm, and the farms of others. Lord Abinger passedsentence, and! said, " the sending of letters threatening to burn the• property of the parties to whom they were addressed: was worse than the putting the threat itself into exec'a tion, for when a man lost his property by fire he at least knew the worst ; but he to whom such threats were made was made to live in a state of continuali terror and alarm." Hence, instructed by Lord Abinger, let future Gifford Whites spare their pens and ink, and at once make use of lucifer matches. For, as it is a lighter offence to destroy pro petty than merely to threaten its destruction, the Gifford White, who actually burns the farm may get off with transportation for fourteen years ; whilst if, withgreater villainy, he merely makes a threat, he is very properly condemned a slave for life. In our last number, we reported the result of a trial of the Rev. Mr. Day, who plunged a knife in the thighs. u€ seven sheep that trespassed in his close. Lord Abjurt feelingly put it to the jury, whether the Rev. Gentleratir did not torture the animals out of pure ignorance of the law; being a clergyman, he of course had no time to study the statutes ? He was acquitted. We do not plead for an acquittal of Gifford White, for of course his education and position in society must have made him intimately acquainted with: the statutes, which he knew he was infringing:. However, according to the judge, he has one comfort. Is his misery—at least he" knows the worst ;" and that we think may possibly consist in the fact of his having been tried by Lord Abinger.—Punch. FATAL ACCIDENT AT THE NEW BAILEY BRIDGE. (From the Second Edition of the Manchester Guardians of Wednesday.) About 11 o'clock this morning, considerable alp was created by a rumour that the scaffolding in commo tion with the building of the bridge, now in prbgress of erection, over the river Irwell, at New Bailey -street, had given way, precipitating a number of workmen into the water. On making inquiries, we found the report to be too well founded, and the follow ing appear to be the particulars of the accident : —. Across the river extend two large beams, running; parallel to each other, covered with rail s , f or the purpow of bearing a travelling crane, This crane consists of two wheels placed on the rails of the beams running across the river, and a strong plank passing from one wheel to the other, on which is placed the apparatus, for raising stones and other articles ; and i appears that, "at the time of the accident, h number • men were engaged in raising one of the centres for the arch of the bridge, by means of the crane. From some unknown cause, the beam nearest the temporary fell into th e r i ver , b r e a k-- and, Y.ith a tremendous. e b r r es id h g , e o th v e er t th ra e v r e i l v li e n r g g e a r v a e n w e ay ing down a quantity of Wooden framework ina its way ; and seven men who were upon it at the time, were precipitated into the venter.. An alarm was immediately given in the stone-yawl adjoining the bridge ; and a. number of the workmen, as soon as the momentary consternation had subsided, ran to lend their aid in extricating the unfortunate men,. several of whom were observed struggling in the water.. Three of the men got out, with no other injury than the fright occasioned by the fall, and the wetting which they received; but we are sorry to state that the four others were not so fortunate. Three of them were brought out of the river much bruised, and immediately , conveyed to the Manchester Infirmary. The body of the other man was. soon afterwards found, shockingly disfigured, and per-. fectly lifeless. It was taken to an ar'ijoining inn, where it was identified as that of a man /lamed Samuel Kirk,. the son of a shoemaker (we have heard) residing in, Manchester, and who had been, employed at the bride for some time. What renders the accident inure particularly distress ing is the fact that two of the men who were so severely bruised are brothers (one elder and the other younger) of the unfortunate person who is killed. , We understand that no previous symptoms of giving way had been observed in any of the beams. The weight of the centre they were raising is stated to be ten tons; and it was supposed that it might have caught on some projecting piece of the framework, and the ad ditional force required for raisizrg it have caused the accident. Perhaps it is quite as - probable that the beaus was insufficient to bear the welght. On making inquiries at the infirmary, we learn that the two brothers (Kirk) are dging well; together with another man, named Kelly, who had also been taken to the infirmary; but tho irviriea he received are compara tively trifling. We are gratified to be able to state tbsit the sta. scription for tly widow and chih'iren of the li:te Chief 01t3ee of Police is going on well. The =mint up to last night wa about 13001., independently of a sum 'of 500/., which th commissioners voted at a special meg t :ing last night. Th barristers present at the late assiw, to the fund.—Brighton Gazette. , con t r ib u ted nearly 401. ADVERTISEMENTS INSERTED in ALL THE THREE PAPERS, Morning, Noon, and Night, thereby insuring a TOWN and COUNTRY CIRCULATION, at ONE CHARGE. 4RTISTS' GENERAL BENEVOLENT INSTITUTION. For the Relief of Decayed Artists, their Widows and Orphans. Instituted 1814. Incorporated by Royal Charter 1842. Under the Immediate Protection of her Most Excellent Majesty THE QUEEN. PATRON—His Royal Highness PRINCE ALBERT, K.G. VICE-PATRONS. HIS Grace the Duke of Buccleuch, K.G. His Grace the Duke of Devonshire, K.G. His Grace the Duke of Sutherland, K.G. Most Noble the Marquis of Lansdowne, K.G. Most Noble the Marquis of Westminster, K.G. Right Hon. the Earl of Shrewsbury. Right lion. the Earl of Dartmouth. Right lion. Earl De Grey. Right lion. Lord Lyndhurst. Sir John Swinburne, Bart. Sir Thomas Baring, Bart. Sir George Philips, Bart. Wm. J. Denison, Esq., M.P. Joseph Neeld, Esq., M.P. Jesse Watts Russell. PIREDENT--Sir MARTIN ARCHER SHEE, P.R.A. VICE-PRESIDENTS. Thomas Phillips, Esq., R.A. Thomas Uwins, Esq., R.A. Sir Robert Smirke, R.A. B. Bond Cabbell, Esq. Sir Richard Westmacott, R.A. William l3rockeudon, Esq. C. E. Cockerel], Esq., R.A. J. H. Mann, Esq, George Jones, Esq., R.A. Andrew Robertson, Esq. J. P. Deering, Esq., R.I. Sir William C. Ross, R.A. The Nobility, Friends, and Subscribers are respectfully informed that the TWENTY-NINTH ANNIVERSARY FESTIVAL will be celebrated in FREEMASONS' HALL, on SATURDAY, the 30th instant. Sir ROBERT HARRY INGLIS, Bart., M.P., in the Chair. STEWARDS. John Armstrong, Esq. George W. Baker, Esq. Charles Barry, Esq., R.A. J. C: Broder, Esq. John Burrell, Esq. F. S. Cary, Eaq. William Day, Eaq. John Diekenso.n, Esq. James Dorington, Esq. William Fisher, Esq. Thomas H. Midge, Eeq. Joseph Jennings, Esq. Charles Knight, Esq.. Henry Mesely, Esq. Henry O'Neil, Esq. Charles Runciman, Esq. Edwin D. smith, Esq. Joseph Severn, Esq. W. B. Ss.rstield Taylor, Esq. Richard Twentyman, Esq. Henry Weekes, Esq. George Woolcott, Esq. at Six precisely. 'the Stewards ; of Charles Fowler, don-square ; and of the Assistant !gent's-park. ROPER, Assistant-Secretary. Dthiler o - a Table Tlekets, 1/. is. each, to be had of Esq., Honorary Secretary, 1, Ger( Secretary, 14, Osnaburgh-street, Re WILLIAM JOHN THE NEXT DISTRIBUTION OF MONEY DIVIDENDS AUTHORISED and GUARANTEED by HIS MAJESTY the EMPEROR of AUSTRIA contains Money Dividends of— £6B £7O £72 £BO £9O £llO £llO £l2O £l5O £2OO £251 £3OO £5OO £606 £750 £l,OOO £1,206 £1,750 £4,000 & £21,000 Amounting together to £154,300 sterllng. _ This Distribution contains as =sty Dividends as Bonds. Every Bond a Dividend! Smallest Dividend - - £6l Largest Dividend - - £21,000 Direct for Prospectus, wits fall particular., without delay to HEINS BROTHERS, at Hamburgh. Or to HEINE BROTHERS, at Lubeck. LINCOLN AND WAKEFIELD RAILWAY. The PROVISIONAL COMMITTEE beg to announce that the WHOLE of the SHARES in this UNDERTAKING have been ap plied for, and will be allotted after the sth of April, with due consi deration to local and other interests involved. The Committee have also the satisfaction of stating that they have made arrangements for investing the amount of deposit at an interest of 3 per Cent. per annum, until it is lodged with the Accountant- General next year, in accordance with the Ctauding Orders of Par lament. WM. ENTWISLE, Chairman of the Provisional Committee, pro. tem. PROVIDENT LIFE OFFICE, 50, REGENT STREET, FEB. 15, 1844. BONUSES DECLARED, b 29,3061. 17s. 7d. Notice is hereby given, that all persons who hold Policies in this Office, bearing date prior to the year 1834, may receive the present value of the Bonuses which have been added to their Policies, upon application at the Head Office, or to the Agents through whore the Policies were issued. GEORGB BEAUMONT, Actuary N ATIONAL LOAN FUND LIFE ASSUR ANCE SOCIETY, 26, CORNIIILL, LONDON. Capital .£500,000. Empowered by Act of Parliament. The many novel and varied advantages bestowed by this Institu tion, botk in its life assurance and deferred annuity departments, par ticularly the power te borrow two-thirds of premiums without ex pense or korfeitere—the great reduction of rates en short policies— the option of selecting benefits and converting policies so as best to suit the interest or necessity of the policy-holder during life, as well as te afford the fall benefit to his family at death, and annual division of profits, have already been so well appreciated by the public, that the Society's great success and growing prosperity, enabled tho Di rectors, at their General Meeting in May last, to add to each volley on the profit scale a bonus averaging fifty-five per cent. on the amount already invested; and this berms, according te an equitable scale, may either be paid in cash, or applied in reduction of future premiums Another Bonito will be declared le the present year. DLFERRY) AtiNIIITIBB. The best and most varied provision for after-life hitherto offered— every 21. 12s. per annum, paid from the age of twenty, will, at sixty /lye, give the ➢olicy-holder the choice of an annuity of 471. 16s. id., or 3491. I Is. cash, or policy at death of 4661. Similar advantages at fifty, fifty-five, and sixty, through an increased annual payment— two-thirds payments lent at any time, and two-thirds retorned to re preseatatiyes in cases of premature deatk. F. FERGUMON CAMEOUX, Sea. DISEASED AND IIEALTLIT LIVES ASSURED. MEDICAL, INVALID, AND GENERAL LIFE OFFICE. 25, PALL-MALL, LONDON. Capital, £500,000. This Office is provided with very accurately constructed Tables, by which it can ASSURE DISEASED LITES on Equitable Terms. The Extra Premium discontinued on restoration of the Assured to permanent health. INCREASED ANNUITIES granted on unsound Lives, the amount varying with the particular disease. Members of CONSUMPTIVE FAMILIES assured at Equitable Rates. /IF:ALTRI LIVES are Assured at Lower Rates than at most otker offices. Policies of twel're months' standing are not affected by Suicides, Duelling, &c. ; and Assigned Policies are valid from the date of the Policy should death ensue from any of these causes. F. G. P. NELSON, Actuary. AUSTRALASIAN, COLONIAL, and GENE RAL LIFE ASSURANCID and ANNUITY COMPANY, 126, Biskopiegate-street, collier of Cornhill. Capital 200,0001., in 2,000 Shares. DIRECTORS. Edward Barnard, Esq., F.R.S. Gideon Colquhoun, Esq. Robert Brooks, Esq. Charles E. Mangles, Esq. rlenry Buckle, Esq. Richard Onslow, Esq. Jelin Henry Capper, Esq. William Walker, Esq. BANKERS-13uIon Bank of London. COLONIAL BANES/CS—The Bank of Australasia (Incorporated bylltoyal Charter, 1833), No. 2, Moorgate-street. Sommoas—Messrs. Maples, Name, Stevens, and Co. PUTSICIAN—Dr. Fraser, 62, Guildford-street, Russell-square. SECRETART—Edward Ityley, Esq. ASSURANCES may be effected with this Company at unusually favourable rates, affording every variety of accommodation to the assured. Participation in profits, ascending and descending scales of premium, permission to retain one-third of the premium, which is charged as a debt against the policy, tables for the assurance of a sum payable In the event of death to the executors of the assured, or to himself upon the attainment of the ages of 45, 50, or 60. TO EMIGRANTS, TO THIA AUSTRALASIAN COLONIES in particular, who are assured for the whole term Of life, tkis Company offers the advantages of permission to proceed to, to reside in, and to return from those colonies without extra premium ; and to pay their premiums there. LONDON ON A SPRING DAY Spring ! spring I beautiful spring! Welcome, thrice welcome to thee, For thou bringest a sunshine to every young heart, And all hail thy presence with glee. The flow'rets peep up as to kiss thy young face, And nature smiles sweetly on thee, For thou bringest a sunshine to every young heart, And all hail thy presence with glee. There is no place in England where the sprang is hailed with greater signs of satisfaction than in London, and after the inclemency of a dark, dreary, miserable winter, it has a thrice happier effect, for then every one welcomes it as the harbinger of joy, gladness, hope, and sunshine, and, in the language of the poet— There is not a bosom but offerings will bring, And welcome with gladness the bright rosy spring. Now is promenading the streets of London, it is a most delightful feature to witness so many happy faces, and to see the ladies adorned, not only with the smile of loveliness, but likewise with all the novel. ties which this season produces; the gentlemen likewise promenade ita all the newest fashions which are out, and to them it must be a source of the highest gratification to find that L. HY AM, :in, Grace chureh-street, London, has provided the most magnificent displarof fashions ever yet introduced to the connoisseurs in dress. Ever anxious to prove himself worthy of the splendid support tendered to elm at the loe-eot aospieioua season of the yen. ' has increased every arrangement so as to meet with tae uo,toienous approval of an enlightened and liberal public ; in fact, tio one can gaze on his mag nificent stock witnout exclaiming— All hail to such n'ivelties, bright their success, As gems of great beauty they're foremost iii dress : Such colours, such elegance, taste too combine. That Fashion holds Court at Hymn's famed shrine. Branch Establishments—Market-street, Manchester; 2.1, New. street, Birmingham • f 3, and 65, Lo - d -street, Liverpool ; 9, Briggate, Leeds; 42, Wine-street, Bristol; 120, Argyll.street, A book, con taining lists of prices, can be had on application at the Pantech netheca, 36, Oracechurch.street, THE MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT. Whatever we look on—wherever we turn, " The March of Improvement" we daily discern. Through the mighty advances of Science and Art, New inventions are seen, while the old ones depart ; But " the March of Improvement" is chiefly display'd, By MOSES and SON in their movements in trade. Their mighty achievements assume such a cast, As completely outrivals the present and past . There are many surprising improvements—but none To equal the wonders of MOSES and SON. The flag of their glory is daily unfimPe, And the trump of their fame is arousing the world. If any should doubt what these verses express, Let them think of their warehouse—their offers in dress—. Let them look at the fashions their show-rooms unfold— Let them think of the prices for which they are sold, Let them think of the thousands at home and abroad, Who share in the good which the MOSES' afford— And then they'll acknowledge (as millions have done), That the rival improvements are " MOSES and SON." READY MADE. X S. d. Taglionls, velvet collar and culls, lined throughout from 09 0 Heaver Chesterfield, velvet collars and cuffs, litto ...from 010 6 Codringtens, Peltos, York Wrappers, &c., handsomely trimmed rrom 0 15 Warm Winter Trousers, linen frogs I 4 6 Any pattern, Doeskin, ditto from 0 9 Double-breasted Winter Vests from (1 3 6 Dress Coals edged ........... from 1 • 0 ditto ..... ........ from I 4 0 A e in n a lc e and mat er i a l , MAD mostE I approved r at . sr y - - Wi n ter Coats of the trimmed in the most fashionable style D ou bl e d Milled Tweed Wr a ppe rs, lined ..... from 1 5 o from T rous ers of the newest fabric . Or Tnree Pairs from u 10 6 for Winter Waistcoats, in en dless vari ety of material and 1 ii o pattern ............... Dress Coats ................. .. ................. from 1 12 i 1 The beat manufacture ....... .. .fro:r 2 15 Mourning to any extent can be had at five minutes' notice, o following prices :__ at the Men's Suits, dress coat, vest, and trousers from 1 16 0 Boys' ditto, jacket, vest, and trousers . from 0 18 e N.B. Any article purchased or ordered, if not approved of, -,, ex. changed, or the money returned. Carrtex.—E. Moses and Son regret being obliged to guard the public against imposition, as they learn that the untradesmanlike falsehood of being connected with them, or it's the same siteern, has been resorted to tit many instances, .and for obvious reasons. Tney have no connexion whatever with any etherld cal l estalish end ment, and those wko desire genuine Cheap Clothing shou b or sto 154, Minories, to guard against disappointment, &c. Observe--E. MOSES and SON,Tailors, Wholesale Woolen Drapers, and Outfitters, IU, 2dinories, and SO, Aldgate, WILSO N'S SCOTTISH ENTERTAIN MENTS, MUSIC-HALL, STORE-STREET, BEDFORD-SQUARE. On MONDAY EVENING, APRIL 1, at Eight o'clock, MR. WILSON will give his SECOND SELECTED ENTERTAIN MENT ON THE SONGS OF SCOTLAND. Part I.—" 0 weel may tile Boatie row."—" Logic a' Buchan."— "An thou wert my sin thing."—" Bide ye yet."—" What ails this heart o' mine ?"—" Woo'd and married and a'."—" My bonny Lizzie Baillie."—Old Ballad, " Muirland Willie." Part II.—" The Flowers o' the Forest."—" We're a' noddin."— " Come under my plaidie."—" My Mither's aye glowrin' o'er me."— " Moly and fairly."—Old Ballad, " Get up, and bar the door." Pianoforte, Mr. LAND. Fr•nt Seats, 2s. Gd. ; Back Seats, 25.; Private Boxes for Six, 155.; for Eight, 11. Programmes and Tickets may be had at the Music shops, and at the Music-hall. • On Easter Monday, " THE HIGHLAND ENTERTAINMENT." In the Press, the MUSIC in MARY QUEEN OF SCOTS. Mr. WILSON will, in tha course of the season, produce the follow ing, which he has had some time in preparation :—Jacobite Relics — Wandering Willie's Wallet—The Jameses of Scotland—The Wallace and the Bruce—A Haiver wi' Jamie Hogg. ROYAL POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTION. The various ARTIFICIAL LIGHTS in Ancient and Modem Use are familiarly explained by Dr. Ryan, at Two o'clock daily , illustrated by the LAMP of the ANCIENTS. the FIRST IMPROVE MENT by ARGAND, the BUDE, the DRUMMOND, the BOCCIUS, PBOFESSOR FARADAY'S, the PELLETAN, the CAMPHINE LIGHTS, New FRENCH LAMP, BEALE'S LAMP, &c., &c. ARMSTRONG'S HYDRO-ELECTRIC MACHINE at Three o'clock and at Eight in the Evenings. NEW DISSOLVING VIEWS, DIVER and DIVING BELL. Various NOVELTIES, which are in preparation for the EASTER HOLIDAYS, will be announced in a few days. . _ _ LAVATER'S PHYSIOGNOMY ABRIDGED, In a handsome Volume, duodecimo, embellished with several Engrave ings, price 45., bound in cloth, PHYSIOGNOMY ; or, the Corresponding Ana logy between the Conformation of the Features and the Ruling Passions of the Mind. Translated from the original work of J. C. LAVATER. The Twentieth Edition, embellished with Seven En gravings. _ .. " Physiognomy is reading the hand-writing of nature upon the human countenance." London : printed for Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside. BUTLER'S ANALOGY OF RELIGION, WITH INDEX. In a handsome Volume, Bvo., with large Type, price 6s. in cloth, THI. ANALOGY of RELIGION, NATURAL and REVEALED, to the CONSTITUTION and COURSE of NATURE. By JOSEPH BUTLER, D.C.L., late Lord Bishop of Durham. With a Preface, giving some Account of the Character and Writings of the Author, by SAMUEL HALIFAX, D.D., late Lord Bishop of Gloucester. A New and Revised Edition, with an Index (now for the first time) added, from a MS. Copy extant in the Bodleian Library, which underwent the revision of the Bishop himself. Oxford : printed by J. Vincent, for Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside, London. FINDLAY'S GENERAL SCHOOL ATLAS. In Imperial Octavo, with the Maps guarded, half-bound in roan price Twelve Shillings, coloured, ANEW, COPIOUS, and ACCURATE MO DERN ATLAS ; exhibiting, in Thirty entirely new Maps, the Extent, Divisions, physical and political Arrangements of every Country in the known world ; also the latest Discoveries in the Polar Regions, Africa, Polynesia, Sec., with an Introduction, explanatory of the construction and use of Maps, and a copious Index for reference, so as to form a complete Compendium of Geography. By ALEXANDER G. FINDLAY. London published by Thomas Tegg, 73, Cheapside, where may be had, for the use of Schools, a Series of Outline Maps, corresponding with the above. Price ss. Pull allowance to Schools or Merchants for exportation. KOHL'S IRELAND. On Saturday, will be published, price Sixpence, the Fret Part of T RAVELS IN JRBLAND. By J. G. KOHL Translated from the German. The work will be comprised in Seven Parts, at Sixpence each, and a Part will be published every Saturday, until the whole is completed. Each Part will contain 64 pages, printed on fine paper, with a clear type. This edition will not (like one that has already appeared) be a mere abridgment, but a full and faithful translation of Mr. Kohl's valuable and interesting work, which has thrown so much additional light upon the state of Ireland, and is recognised as an authority by men of all political opinions. Published by N. Bruce, Novel Newspaper-office, 84, Farringdon street, and sold by all Booksellers. Second Edition, Price Bs. boards. L IFE IN THE SICK ROOM ; ESSAYS. By AN INVALID. " The character of the book is of the loftiest kind. The reader will not often find more variety of topic in the same space, more purity of sentiment, more elevation of thought, than in this little volume. The book should be purchased by all who are sick for itg congeniality with their state, and by all who are well, that when they become otherwise the remembrance of it may cheer them in their altered condition."—Athenaeum. • Edward Moxon, 44, Dover-street. FREEMASON'S QUARTERLY REVIEW. Just published, price 3s. NEW SERIES. T HE FREEMASON'S QUARTERLY RE- - VIEW, for APRIL, contains : The Election of the Grand Master—Papers by the Rev. Dr. Slade and the late henry O'Brien—Rejected Letters (by the Tablet) of a Roman Catholic Freemason—Freemasonry in Europe—Freemason's Lexicon—Short Tale with Long Moral—Lord Combermere at Chester —The Royal Order—Knights Ten:Oars—Poetry—Obituary—Masonic Intelligence : England, Scotland, Ireland, Germany, East and West Indies, and America—Review of Literature, &c. London : Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, 23, Paternoster-row. TUE ONLY MAGAZINE ILLUSTRATED BY GEORGE CRITIKSHANK. Price Ilalf-a-Crown. AINSWORTH'S MAGAZINE. The APRIL NUMBER contains SAINT JAMES'S : or the COURT of QUEEN ANNE. By W. HARRISON AINSWORTII, Esq. Book the First—Chap. XVI. Marley discovers that certain impor tant documents have been abstracted from his escritoire by Greg ; his uneasiness Increased by a message from the Marquis de Guiscard.— XVII. The price paid for the letters.—XVlll. In which Masham is banished from Court for three months.—XlX. The Sergeant's " Drum."—XX. A love-scene in the Queen's ante-chamber.—XXl. Wherein Marlborough and Godolphin demand Ilarley's dismissal of the Queen.—XXll. Showing how the tables were turned upon the secretary. A JAR OF HONEY FROM MOUNT IIYBLA. By LEIGH HUNT. Mythic Stories of ancient Sicily.—Alpheus and Arethusa.—Acis and Galatea.—Rape of Proserpine. Henry Welby ; or, the Hermit of Cripplegate. By Charles 011ier. —Oriana and Vesperella ; or, the City of Pearls. Chapter 111. By John Hamilton.—Exploits and Character of Sir Francis Drake.—The Sea Voyage. By W. Francis Ainsworth. T HE LANCET, greatly Enlarged.—Price changed from El2,thtpence to SIXPENCE._ Stamped for Post, Sevenpence.. No. I. of the New Size. Second Edition, now on Sale. Contents :—Licbig's First Lecture to a Course on Organic Chemis try, prepared expressly for publication in The Lancet, and sent front Giessen to the Editor, by Professor Liebig himself. The Uses - of Che mistry to Man forms the subject of this profound and admirable Lec ture. The same Number of the Lancet contains an Essay on the Causes and Treatment of Sterility In Women, being a new Application of Physiology to Medical Practice, by Dr. Marshall Hall. Also, a valuable Paper on the True Character of Idiopathic Erysipelas, by Dr. James Arthur Wilson, Physician to St. George's Hospital. With numerous Medical Communications, Papers, Cases, and Remarks, from the Clinical Society of Guy's Hospital, Correspondents at the London and University College Hospitals, Dr. John Davy, John Dal rymple, Esq., Henry Bateman, Esq., T. W. King, Dr. Willshire, Dr. Gilbert, Professor Simpson, M. Lassere, M. Lemoine, M. Gerold, M. Ammon, Dr. Stokes, and other Writers. And Editorial Articles en the Interference of certain Attorneys in Medical Affairs at Birming ham ; on the Vacant Chair of Chemistry at Edinbergh ; on the re cent important Researches of M. Aubert into the Plague Laws ; and on the New, Enlarged, and Post-free Form of the Lancet. With all the News of the Week, &c. Lancet Office, 46, Princes-street, Leicester-square. Prise Sixpence; or Stamped for Free-postage, Sevenpence. LAME riT ON DEntLITY, NERVOUSNESB, AND ALL DISORDERS ARISING FROM EXCESS, &c. He who ih pleasure's downy arms Ne'er lost his health or youthfulcharms, A hero lives, and justly can Exclaim, in me beho'd a man !" Just published (in a sealed envelope), Tenth Edition, price 2s. fid., or sent by post, free, to any address, Si. 6c1.. ELF-PRESERVATION : a Popular Essay on 1,7 those concealed disorders originating in youthful excesses, and terminating In Nervous Debility, Local and Constitutional Weakness, Indigestion, Insanity, and Consumption. With Practical Observations on Marriage, and on the Anatomy, Physiology, and Diseases of the Reproductive Organs, with plain Directions for their perfect Restoration By SAMUEL LAMERT, Consulting Surgeon, Bedford street, Bedford-square, London, Matriculated Member of the University of Edinburgh, Honorary Member of the London Hospital Medical Society, Licentiate of Apothecary's Hall, Lon don, &c. " The various positions of Lover, Husband, and Parent, the in herent privileges of mankind, ate frequently marred and prevented through the follies and frailties of early indiscretions. To such, among others, this Essay addresses itself ; and by its perusal many questions may be satisfactorily adjusted that admit of no appeal even to the most confidential friend."—Stafford Gazette. "The design of this work will be tolerably obvious from its title, and we cordially recommend the author and his book to all who are suftbring from nervous debility and general weakness."—Wakefield Journal. Published by the Author, and sold in London by S. Gilbert, 51 and 52, Paternoster-row; Starie, QS, Tichborne-street, Quadrant, Regent street; Gordon, 148, Leadenhall-street ; and by all Booksellers. At home every day till Three, and from Five till Eight. D R. CULVERIVELL'S MEDICO-PHYSIO LOGICAL PUBLICATIONS. " Hail wedded love! Mysterious law !—true source Of human efflprlng. e * • By thee Relations dear, and all the charities Of Father, son, and Brother, fit st were known."—MtLTow. NEW SERIES. Price together 65., by post, 9s. 6d. The PHYSIOLOGY of the PASSIONS:their Manifestation and Purpose. On Chastity, its influence en health, morals, and progeny; its maintenance and neglect. On sound health, long life, and happy feelings. On morbid derangements, nervous prostations, and despair. On tho casualties of incontinence. An admonitory yet consolatory address to those needing such counsel, entitled," Lecture to Young Mess." Price Is, by post, ls. Od. The INSTITUTES of 51 ARM AG F: ; a Medical Brochure for the closet perusal of those denied or diffident, yet desirous of scouring marital attributes, domestie happiness, and healthy perpetuity. Price 2s , by post, iii PORNEIAPATHOLOGY ; a comprehensive Vade-mecum on the concealed infirmities of human life (11 - 0 Engravings). "The Modern Aristotle," " The most extraordinary work ever published.' Price 35., by post, 51. Those publications combine rationality, explicitness, and integrity of purpose. Their perusal will enlighten and protect the invalid from the empyricism so fearfully exercis,l in the infirmities they re. late to. The author is a Doctor of Medicine a member of the Col. lege of Surg eons, an d a L icen ti a t e o f Apot fiesaries' Hall, and his writings are tounded upon the experience of 20 years' exclusive devo. tion to the subjects they treat upon. To be had of Sherwood, 21, Paternoster-row ; Carvalho, 147, Fleet street; Hannay, tia , Oxford-street ' Mann, 59, Cornhill ; and the author, 21, Arundel- s t reet , Strand, At home daily till two—evenings, skven to nine. WATCHES, by WEBSTER, and SON, Chro nometer Makers to tile Lords of the Admiralty, established 134 years. WEBSTER and SON have REMOVED te 74, CORNHILL, here the advantages of the premises will en able them to biOng the workmen under their immediate inspection hi the manufacturing department. An extensive Stock, finished with the utmost care, and at lower prices, considering the quality, than can elsewhere be obtained, consisting of Compensated Duplex and Lever Watches, adjusted to the variations of temperature, on the principle of their Chronometers, to which Government awarded the prizes three years in succession ; the Detached Lever and Horizontal Watches for Ladles, of the smallest and most elegant patterns ; Marine and Pocket Chronometers, with long and accurate rates ; also a large se lection of Second-hand Chronometers and Watchee, by the most eminent makers, at half their original cost. Saperior workmen are employed en the premises hi tha repairing department,, both for watches and clocks. Foreign work of every i.escription carefully repaired by workmen engaged elzpressly for the purpose. Watehes taken in exchange. Post letters will meet with immediate attention. W. and Son's publication, with the Equation of Time for 1844, will be sent, post free, on the receipt of two stanips. WHEREAS, a PETITION of JOHN JONES, V of3o,Devonshire-street,Queen-square,in the parish ofSt. George the Martyr, in the county of Middlesex, shoe maker, having been filed in the Court of Bankruptcy, and the interim order fOr protection from process having been given to the said John Jones, under the pro visions of an Act of Parliament passed in the Parliament holden in the fifth and sixth years or the 'NW of her present Majesty, in- Waled "An Act for the Relief of Insolvent Debtors," the said John Jones is hereby required to appear in Court, before J. S. M. Fonblanque, Esq., the Commissioner acting in tho matter of the said petition, on the 4th day of April next, at half past one o'clock in the afternoon precisely, at the Court of Bank ruptcy, Basingliall-street, London, for the purpose of being then and there examined touching his debts, estate, and effects, and to be fur ther dealt with according to the provisions of the said Act. All per sons indebted to the said John Jones, or that have any of Isis effects, are not to pay or deliver the same but to Mr. A. B. Belcher, the official assignee, nominated in that behalf by the Commissioner acting in the matter of the said petition. THE FACTORIES BILL. FROM THE COUNTRY PAPERS.) The debate on the hours of work clauses in the Factory Bill came to a most singular issue on Friday. The Government were then beat by Lord Ashley, and Lord Ashley was then and there vanquished in turn by the Government, on the same subject, in the space of a few minutes, and without the chan ge , a dditi on , or substraction of a single man among the voting parties. Of 369 Members present, 186 voted against the twelve hours' clause, and 183 for it, leaving an adverse majority of 3. When the ten hours' pro position of Lord Ashley, immediately afterwards, was put before the same 369 senators, 181 voted for it, and 188 against it, thus throwing it out by a majority of 7. What is the meaning of this ? Is it a clear and simple case of self-stultification on the part of the House ? Or are we to suppose some Members to have been present who opposed both propositions because they disapproved altogether of legislative in terference? Though the latter ground has by no means been taken up openly and strongly, it affords the only rational mode of explaining these two suc cessive divisions. Certainly the motives of Members on both sides must be heterogeneous. The same rea soning, we imagine, could scarcely ever bring SirJas. Graham, Mr. Labouchere, and Mr. Bright to join issue on the one hand, and unite on the other Lord Ashley, Lord John Russell, and Mr. Thomas Dun combe. Whatever be the causes of the late extraor dinary votes, we heartily wish that the House would take warning by the unwonted discre pancy of opinion among all parties, and leave the matter where it was left by chance or fortune. on Friday night—that is to say, adopt no hour-de termining legislative proposition whatever, but endea vour to improve the condition of the manufacturing operatives by measures of less doubtful propriety. Where, we may ask, should interference stop, if so unequivocally entered upon ? Has Lord Ashley no sympathy for the multitudes of poor women in Lon don, and all our large cities, who " stitch, stitch, stitch" from dawn to midnight, and sometimes from midnight to dawn again, for a pittance far smaller even than that earned in factories ? To be consistent, he ought to interfere for their relief no less warmly than for that of factory inmates,. In a thousand other cases, also, the same plea exists for intermed dling. It would be dangerous to establish the pre cedent, or at least to carry it beyond a mere protec tion for the very young wilco cannot judge for them selves.—Scotsman. We regret deeply the decision pf the Government with regard to Lord Ashley's motion. However " inextricable" the "confusion" caused by the two divisions of Friday last, it is Abundantly clear that the voice of Parliament has decisively pronounced against the proposition of twelve hours as the limit for the labour of females and young persons ; and the responsibility resting thus upon Parliament, it would. he a gracious act on the part of the Ministers to, accede to the opinion so clearly expressed. It must he quite unnecessary for ourselves to repudiate any participation in the unfair and unjust censures, which some even of our Conservative Contemporaries have cast upon the Government in respect of the course! I which in this matter they have felt it their duty to I pursue ; but it is notwithstanding most unfortunate that last year, when on th e e ducational cl auses off the then Factories Bill the pressure on the Govern-• ment proceeded from the opposite direction, thej should have been induced to gave way, and that thi s year, when the pressure is from their own friendF:, they should persevere unshrinkingly and with so mud i determination as to produce from the mild and ami. 7 able Lord Ashley a complaint that they "added insulVE to injustice." We are sure that Lord Ashley wri.3 mistaken in this idea ; but that such a man—one their own firm supporters, one too who by his r( fusal of office for the sake of this very question had proved indisputably his earnestness and si a cerity, should think himself, owing to the inca' i tious language of the Home Secretary, exposed to such treatment, is, we repeat, a great misfortun e ; and we fervently hope that the Government may n. of hereafter have cause to rue the course which they have taken. That they themselves believe the in terests of the country require them to resist the proposition of Lord Ashley, we are willing to admi t ; but we believe at the same time with equal sinceri tty that they, and not Lord Ashley, are wrong ; and seeing, as Sir Robert Inglis reminded them, that th ev are on this occasion supported by their habit 'sal opponents and opposed by their habitual supporter a— (no less than ninety-three Conservative Meml )ers voted against Ministers last Friday), it ought at least to awaken so much doubt in the mind of Sir James Graham as to preserve Lord Ashley and th ose Conservatives who act with him from the imputat ion of pursuing a " Jack Cade " line of action. But )b -serve, moreover, the inconsistency of those who I xe fer such a charge. The Government themselves I )ro pose to limit the hours of labour to twelve : L ord Ashley seeks a further restriction to ten. Manifes, I ,ly, therefore, the question at issue between the two p ties is one of degree, not of principle ; and corn. 4 quently, if the " Jack Cade" accusation have an y applicability at all, it must apply to the Goverr ment measure equally with that of Lord Ashle y. llow dangerous, then, is it for those who live in gla, ss houses to cast stones thus around them I—Brightc Gazette. As usual, we find the moat outrageous mis-state naents passing current in Parliament, and through tb e press, in reference to this measure ; and, unfortu nately, nobody seems able and willing to disabuse the public mind on the subject. What, indeed, can be more glaring than the repeated assertions of the Standard, that many mills are now working only ten hours a day, and that factory labour is at present ex- ceedingly irregular? That journal, on Monday last, says:-- •` We remember to have heard, and not very long since, of forty or fifty mills idle in a single town, end of the rest of the mills in that town working but half time We know that at present many mills work but ten hours; and from all we have been able to collect upon the sub ject, we are convinced, that instead of working 3,110 hours a year, or ten hours a day for the 311 working days of the year, the sum total of the mills do not work two-thirds, or 2,000 hours, if indeed they work quite half the time, taking the average of periods of five years." We wish the Standard would tell us where the mills working only ten hours a day are to be forma. Except in a period of excessive depression of trade, such a.s the one to which allusion is made at the com mencement of the preceding extracts, there neither are nor have been any in this district ; and we feel. confident that there are none elsewhere. It is true", that Mr. John Fielden tried an experiment of the kind a few years ago—an experiment which, if 1 ve mistake not, lasted exactly three days !—the honou c able gentleman having been fully convinced, even that short time, that it would be attended with a me, it serious loss to himself. The other assertion of th e Standard, that the workpeople employed in facto-• ries do not, on an average of five years, i labour more than half or two-thirds of ten hours (that is, from five to six-and-a-half hours) per day, is as monstrous a falsehood as we recollect to have met with ; and its absurdity is quite as conspicuous as 'its want of truth. If the people employed in factories work so little as the Standard asserts, it is idle to legislate for th e p ur p os e of gi v i ng them additional leisure ; for they must have more than enough of it. But everybody conversant with factory labour knows that it is the most regular and constant employment in existence, and that the Standard's al legations are mere inventions. Yet upon these and similar inventions are the votes of Members of Par liament mainly founded; and honourable gentlemen set about endangering the prosperity, and almost the existence, of most important branches of national in dustry, in the most complete ignorance ad the facts with respect to which they are legislating. What will be the result of these things time only can deter mine.-21Ianchester Guardian. The Ministry having sustained mere than one ie feat in Committee on the Factories Regulation Bill, have, it seems, made up their minds to abandon it, a course they have been compelled to adapt by the heterogeneous and successful opposition which has encountered them. In the propriety of that course, though widely differing from them on most other matters, we entirely concur. Holding the opinions they so well expressed in the course of the debate, Sir James Graham and Sir Robert Peel would have been traitors to their Sovereign and to the nation had they consented further to pursue a measure, into which a regulation had been introduced, which they considered would he productive of disaster, if not ruin, to the greatest manufacturing interests of the country. We are fully aware that we are about to take up the unpopular side of the question, but no consideration of that kind ought to deter us, or shall deter us, from pointing out what we consider to be an error, and an error fraught with fatal consequences to the very class which Lord Ashley, by his short-sighted legislation, hopes to benefit. We are aware that the limitation to ten hours' has the support of large bodies of the opera tives employed in the manufactures to which it would apply, but upon what ground and in what expecta tion ? A placard posted at Manchester by torch light, and alluded to by Mr. Cardwell in his pithy and well-reasoned speech on Friday, will serve for answer to the question. " Less work, —more wages,—sign for the Ten Hours' Bill 2" It is against this expectation, as dangerous as it is delusive, that we feel called upon to warn the operative classes. Would the manufacturers, who have the labour market at command, owing to the redundancy of supply, pay the same wages for ten hours' work as for twelve ? We will leave more wages out of the question, and ask could they afford to pay an equal amount of wages ? If they did pay the same wages for less labour, or its equivalent, a less amount of production, they must be content with less profit, or they must increase the price of their goods ' • and then, closely pressed as they are o n a ll s id es , how could they compete with the foreigner ? And if they cannot compete with foreign manufacturers, what is to become of the trade by which the operatives have been accus tomed to get their living ? It is worthy of notice, that 35,000,0001. of our whole exports belong to the manufactures which would be affected by Lord Ashley's amendment. Reduce the demand for goods, by impeding the power of the manufacturers to com pete with foreign rivals, and you reduce the demand for labour, and, by a natural consequence, wages; thus inflicting injury on the very persons you desire to benefit. The evidence given before the Import Duties Committee clearly proved the intense com petition which the English manufacturer had to encounter from foreign rivals. It showed that he had been entirely driven out of many markets, and partially excluded from others, by the force of that competitisn. The danger, therefore, of placing him at further disad -vantage, or, as one of the speakers in the late debate expressed it, of giving him more weight to carry in the hard race he has to run, must be too apparent to need further exposition. And if circumstances will riot permit the manufacturers to increase the price of ttheir goods, so as to enable them to pay the same 'o ages for a less quantity produced, can they afford b) pay increased wages by a corresponding diminution a i their profits ? Not, if we may judge from the case o f Messrs. Fielden, which has recently been before t' he public. This firm, one of the most important in Lancashire, when required to return their profits on an •avers g e of three years, for the income-tax, returnee —nothing ! and so firmly did they adhere to this declaration, that they submitted to have a portion of their effects seized and sold by auction, to defray the surcharge imposed on them by the Commissioners, rather than give the slightest ground for suspicion, ..1 - )y voluntary payment, that they had stated what was untrue. The Messrs. Fielden then, have no profits out of which to pay an increase of wages, and if their case bears any affinity to that of others, which we may reasonably suppose it does, the manu facturers in the North generally, are not in a condition to submit to any reduction of their profits. Even supposing that they were, is it likely, in the present state of the labour market, where the difficulty is not to procure hands but to obtain employment, that the manu re facturers, who by this circumstance have all the power on their side, would consent to suffer any such , deduction for the purpose of paying the same wages for less work, or, which is the same thing, an advance of wages. Would not the workmen be the first to suffer ? Would not the loss first fall upon them ? Do we not always find it thus in the social scale, that the burden is shifted from those above to those below, so long as it can be shifted; that distress always begins at the bottom and makes its way upward, or that, in familiar phrase the weakest goes to the wall ? As suming that it were possible by legislation to reduce the hours of labour, and yet keep wages at their present rate, it follows as a natural corollary, that it is equally within the power of legislation to raise wages without increasing the hours of labour, or the quan tity to be performed. The very belief in such a power is fraught with infinite mischief. It must lead to expectations never destined to be realised, create dissatisfaction at an assumed preference shown to particular classes of workmen, and lead to Parlia ment being perpetually called upon to legislate for the regulation of matters, that are in reality governed by laws which it may thwart but cannot control. If Lord Ashley believes that Parliament can curtail the hours of labour without effecting a corresponding diminution of wages, he must believe that it can increase wages without a corresponding increase of labour. Why not turn his attention then to procuring this much-wanted increase for the wretched agricul tural population in his own county of Dorset, where one seventh of the labourers are paupers, and the rest even worse off than they? What need for him to look far away to find objects on which to expend the fulness of his benevolent heart, when they are thronging al most around his own door? Lord Ashley knows that it is not in the power of Parliament to raise wages by direct legislation, and therefore he attempts nothing so Quixotic. But his legislation can only benefit the operatives by a similar process, by giving them the same amount of wages for a less quantity of work. If it reduce their wages, as it assuredly would do, so far from being a benefit, it would be a hardship to them. On this account we regard his efforts as the offspring of a partial and mistaken humanity which overlooks consequences, pays no attention to results, and might produce transient good at the cost of wide spread and lasting evil.—Worcestershire Chronicle. Since our hurried remarks were written last week, we have seen no argument to induce us to alter our opinion ; we do not deny for a moment the desirable ness of a lower rate of labour being accorded to the operatives of all classes, but we are convinced that the 1 compulsion to this by legislative enactment will only 4 defeat its own purpose by forcing the master to lower the rate of wages. Perhaps the simplest way to put ' the effect produced by this diminution of labour would be the following :—A manufacturer, employing 600 hands, is enabled to make a certain quantity of goods in a week, which he sells in the market for such a price as will barely enable him to pay his workmen and get a living profit. Under the operation of Lord Ashley's clause, the hours of labour would be reduced one-sixth; his 600 men would only now do the work of 500 before ; they would take seven days now to do what would have been a week's work formerly ; in fact, the productiveness of his factory is reduced one sixth, and his returns are diminished in proportion ; 'and as of course it is impossible to get the same amount of profit out of five-sixths in amount of work, it is evident that some one must suffer, and it is also evident that that some one will be the workman him self, for the master must either reduce the gross total of his wages, or increase the gross number of his hands, and in either ca se a t a r eduction of the wages of his individual workmen. As we said before, the question is one of A B C; the conse quence must follow, despite of all legislative interfe rence, without indeed the Legislature is prepared, not only to adopt a standard of labour, but a standard of wages with it. The question is one over and beside • all considerations of philanthropy; there are tens of thousands of persons who must work or starve ; they can only get work at such prices as the master can afford to give, and if those who are in work at pre sent are dissatisfied at any reduction of wages, so that it does not reach the bare starvation point, there are plenty of others who will be willing to step in and take their places; the remedy is not by ten hours' clauses in Factory Bills, but by widen ing the field of labour—by increasing the demand for labour ; and then, when the whole working popu lation is employed, the hours of labour, and the wages of labour, may be safely left to adjust them selves. As a proof of the questionable results of this interference with labour, our readers will remember that, some time since, an Act was passed, forbidding the employment of females in mines and collieries. We own it is a disgrace to a Christian country that women should be so employed; but we objected to the measure at the time, and our reason was that women would not work in collieries if they could get any more pleasant and profitable employment, and that, therefore, the best preventative would be to find them that better employment. Well, the result of that enactment has been, that the condition of' the women has been made worse, and they are now petitioning Parliament that they may be allowed to resume their underground labours to save themselves from starvation. We instanced, last week, the case of the London setnpstresses ; no one will deny that their case is equally deplorable with the females of the mines and factories, and yet no one talks of legis lating for them ; and why ? Why, simply because the only alternative is between a life of intense appli cation, and the workhouse, or prostitution. If the Legislature could indeed find a remedy for the dis tresses and privation of the labouring classes—if they could at any sacrifice of individual injury, or class in jury, ensure the permanent improvement of the moral and social condition of the hard-toiling mil lions, we should be disposed to consent to a partial evil for a general good ; but when well-intentioned but meddling philanthropy attempts by bit-by-bit legislation to allot one set of hours to one class, leav ing others equally suffering, untouched, and doing but a doubtful good, nay, a positive injury, to those whom it professes to assist—we repeat, it is far better to let the whole social machine go on as it does, until from its very excess of disorganisation it commands relief—Cheltenham Examiner. Ministers might, no doubt, by exercising their official influence, beat dawn the small majority of three by which they were outvoted; but this would assuredly not be advisable on a question affecting I labour—nor indeed upon any other, regarding which Members have recorded their opinion so indepen dently. It is at all times bad policy to ina'st on the House rescinding its resolutions. Such a course tends greatly to lower the Government as well as the Legislature, in the estimation of the coun try. The subject involved in Lord Ashley's amendment is altogether a difficult one for a Ministry to grapple with. On the one hand the arguments of the philanthropist are overwhelming; nor was the picture of the utter wreck of society, occasioned by the employment of women and children in factories, at all overdrawn. Something, unquestionably, should be done to 4top the current of debasement which, by destroying the physical as well as moral stamina of the female sex, is rapidly undermining the strength and worth of the population. But what that something to be done is what will best counteract the evil—that is the difficulty. Ministers were of opinion that the restriction of labour from twelve to ten hours would have the effect of increasing it : wages would be lowered—Machinery multiplied—and consequently the sufferings of the labouring poor augmented. It was upon this practical view of the subject that they took their stand: and, filling the responsible offices which they hold, we are not surprised that they should have re sisted the amendment ; though we do think that now, after the Hons.: has so plainly expressed its judgment, they should not farther oppose it, especially in the modified form to which Lord Ashley signified his willingness to agree. Interference with the labour market, it may be true, is abstractly improper; and the principle, once adopted, leads to a wide field of operation. But the principle, it should be remem bered, was not propounded for the first time ; it formed the very basis of the Bill. The difference between the original clause and Lord Ashley's amendment amounted simply to a question of time, not to the principle of restriction itself. And considerino% that ti n 4t.l.th of society in tins country is altogether artificial, we really do not see why the Legislature should boggle at the use of artificial means in endeavouring to pre vent, if possible, the downward progess of the masses. True, the Factories Bill embraced only a particular range of industry, when, in justice, the same law should extend to all branches. But it must, at the same time, be admitted, that, in proposing to experi ment upon the factories the worst description of labour was selected. If the experiment proved suc cessful, then might the provisions of the Bill be ren dered general.--Ayr Observer. Upon what a miserably low footing does her Ma jesty's Home Secretary place our manufacturing ascendancy ! Is it really a fact, that we cannot allow our operatives the needful time for rest and recrea tion without causing " the downfal of our domestic manufactures ?" Can it be that all our manil facturing greatness is the product of two addi tional hours in the day of infantile labour? Who is there, with any spark of generosity in his breast, who would not say, perish the great ness that can only be so preserved ? But it is a complete hallucination, and the argu ment refutes itself. For by the law as it now stands, infantile labour is limited to twelve hours 'a day. Why, then, do not foreigners, who work their children fourteen hours a day, now undersell and ruin us ? If there be anything in the argument, it ought to he carried further, and we should go back to four teen hours, as in Austria, or to an unlimited number of hours, a.s in America. Could it be clearly shown, indeed, that our manufactures stand upon so preca rious a foundation that they are liable to be under mined by any nation that shall choose to work longer time than ourselves, it would behove even those who are most clamorous for the repeal of the corn-laws to beware how, by curtailing the ability of the English farmer to buy, they injure that which may so speedily become the only market for their goods. Sir James Graham's speech, though a lame defence for the ma nufacturers, is an able one for the corn-laws. And could we be so far charitable as to suppose them sin cere, we should still believe them in error. How is a shortening of the time of labour to bring about a reduction of wages ? All our notions of political economy would lead us to anticipate precisely an opposite effect. For how is the rate of wages mainly affected? At the extreme point, doubtless, by the cost of subsistence ; but at every part of the scale above the extreme point, by the proportion between the supply of labour and the demand for it. Curtail the hours of labour, and it must require more hands to do the same work. Nor do we suspect that profits would suffer more than wages. On the con trary we believe that profit and humanity are here quite identified. Who should be the best judges upon this point, but the manufacturers themselves ? And what is the testimony of two of their body who went up to London as a deputation on this very Bill? " That they could 13:' This more work pe r f orme d i n 11 h ours than in 13: This we have on the authority of Mr. Beckett, one of the Members for Leeds, who, tells us, moreover, that " he had consulted seventy eight manufacturing firms in Leeds, and that, out of these, forty-seven were in favour of a Ten Hours' Bill, and thirty-one were divided between a Ten and Eleven Hours' Bill; but not one was in favour of twelve hours." Surely this should go for something against the merely interested dogmatisings or feverish forebodings of those who have instructed Sir James Graham to say, that unless they are allowed to treat her Majesty's subjects as if they had neither souls nor senses, personal responsibilities nor domestic duties, the manufacturers of England must be (as Thomas Moore, we believe, has it) "Clean done up and spifflicated." —Liverpool Courier. The merits of the short-hour question are so appa rent that it requires a considerable stretch of charity to suppose any one capable of the error of mistaking them. It is proposed, that one-sixth of the present working hours in factories shall be cut off—that work shall be done during only ten hours, instead of twelve, each day, as at present. This amounts to a proposal, that during seven weeks, and upwards, of the year, all the mills in the United Kingdom shall stand still, and become unproductive—that, during that time, industry shall be paralysed, and the mighty capital embarked remain barren and useless. Now, if any one be prepared, seriously and soberly, to stand by this, for the sake of the toiling operatives of the na tion (and would that we could, consistently with their benefit and the public good, send those operatives to indulge in freedom from labour for double or treble the time !) let him come forward and propose that one sixth of the land throughout the United Kingdom shall be taken out of the hands of the great landed proprietors, and applied to the benefit of the poorer classes. To stop the factories for two hours out of twelve, is practically to alienate or destroy one-sixth of the capital of the manufacturers ; and, upon the same principle, we would be justified in lay ing our hands upon one-sixth of the capital of the EXAMPLES. Entry. Policy. I Annual Bonus Cask Prem. N .. Age. Sum. Prem. Added. Bonus. Reduced. X £ s. d. A s. d. X s. d. 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