The Sun. — London, England, 1844-09-24 00:00:00

~~: .THE LATE REPORTED SAILING MATCH BETWEEN THE FRENCH BRIG OF WAR ADONIS AND THE VINDICTIVE. TO THE EDITOR OF THE SUN. • Six,—Having just seen, with more surprise than I cxn express, a paragraph in The Sun, copied from the Globe French journal, in which it is represented that the Adonis had sailed with the Vindictive in the .Vacific,. and had had a consflerable advantage over • her, and that, on the return of each to Europe, the Adonis had maintained the same advantage, I am led to observe that I feel assured that these statements have Veen made wholly unknown to my worthy fiend, Captain the Vicount St. George, whose cha racter stands too s'nigh ever to have sanctioned their insertion, because no such occurrence ever. look place as a sailing match between the Adonis and Vindictive. It is true that the Adonis was at Callao in the month of January last, when the Vindictive sailed ton a trial with the American frigates United States and Costellation, and when she beat the former fibOUt SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS. FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OP YESTERDAY. GLOBE.—Sir Andrew Agnew's address to Lord Aberdeen, to see the manner in which her Majesty keeps her Sundays, while she continues in Scotland, is a graceful display of the mantle of John Knox fallen on lay shoulders. In the sixteenth century, clerical monitions to Majesty at church and at Court were more frequent, and much more violent, than attacks on crowned heads now are in the " leading articles" of the most Republican shade of the Fourth Estate. The Church reformers were a real Fourth Estate, representing (like the press at ex cited epochs) the movement of the public mind in antagonism to, or independence of, the other three. The last Queen who was admonished about her reli gious observances in Scotland, was thrown by educa tion, and by most natural repugnance to rude schooling, into that attitude of antagonism to popular feeling which happily has no parallel now. The impulse of Mary, and the elaborate impolicy of her son, in opposition to that feeling, have been judged by history ; but the dar ing novelty of style (presuming on a divine commission) has not been taken quite sufficiently into account as necessarily revolting those " born in the purple"—at a time when royalty had a much more unapproachable sense of itself than it has now. It was, in fact, the old sacred majesty of the throne and the new sacred assumption of the pulpit confronting each other, with out any softening medium—things which would asto nish us, signed " Publicola" or Brutus" in Sunday papers, were said at church to hearers humming as sent, or even at court, in the ears of royalty. Some times, indeed, couched in a Latin epigram—as that most slashing one which poor King Jamie, seeing the listener milt, made Andrew Melville repeat to him, and the occasion of which was the monarch's broad and undignified mirth, while in deep mourning for his mother— " Scilicet hie matrem plorat ut ills patrem." It would be difficult to kill two royal birds with one stone more succinctly ; and such an epigram, re peated to a King in his own court, " bangs Ba nagher." The comparison of the son's hypocrisy in pretending to mourn his mother, with that mother's hypocrisy in pretending to mourn his (James's) father (whom the epigrammatist, of course, takes it for granted she murdered), is certainly the coolest on dit ever Latinised impromptu in royalty's ears. Honest Andrew stipulated he should take no harm for it before he repeated it to his Majesty; and, we have no doubt, thought it by much too good a joke to be lost. He had afterwards leisure to compose more such epigrams—in the Tower. The modern Andrew accosts the milder Aberdeen with more courtly circumbendibus. He does not state, or even insinuate, any Old Testament parallels. He does not accost the royal conscience with quite the same plainness as Knox. " Con science requires knowledge; but you have no more real knowledge than the Jews who crucified Christ." Indeed, as the modern Andrew avows, he has no sort ..of occasion or plea to do so. He expresses his ";thankfulness to Almighty God, who at another - -time put it into the heart of our Protestant Queen to hallow the holy day of the Lord of the Sab bath, in a foreign land." Sir Andrew does not allege that her Majesty has since shown any lapse from Protestantism, or any the slightest disposition to swerve from exemplary religious observance. He considers, however, and he undertakes to speak in the name (though without having had time to gather" ti.e signatures) of " the friends of the observance of the Lord's-day in Scotland—that her Maiesty'a good habits cannot be trusted to continue—without his intervention ! We have hesitated to notice this absurd impertinence; and we have now done w:th it. But it gives us a peg on which to hang perhaps an impertinence of our own. We have sometimes thought (an I pro iincial communications have confirmed our impres sioe) that the loyal Foinily of late divest themselves a little o entirely of what the French call " repre sentation," t!woughout their provincial progresses. It is not of course to be expected that her Ma jesty should submit to pompous and triumphal doings immediately after the fatigues of sea voy ages ; or a110..v the atra c-zra of Court ceremonial to pursue her to Bitir Athol. However. in our humble, but wry loyal view, the dis epeintment expressed so often, that the Queen ep pears to all her remotse. subaects " juit like any other lady"—ia not altegether without so:ne groun 1, and without some chits' on attention. We have ha.l long letters on former occasions, in grievous se.mlplaint of her Majssty's fast ttains—and of her plain straw bonnet. We were witnesses to decided disappointment last year on the part of " Young Bristol," when Prince Albert ca:ne to launch the Great Britain in a plain black coat, and white waistcoat—just like any other gpntleiran I Provincial spectators understand this taste ful and unassuming style just as little as those habi tuated to splendours understand the provincial appetite for them. But, after all, is it not natural enouh that her Mijesty's loyal subjects, who are not gratified, a , Londoilers are, with the sight of royal personages. and pr , ce.-sions on the grand state occasions, should tisane, once in their lives, to see something corres ponding with all they have been accustomed to hear sad imagine of those occasions ? It must, however, he admitted that those who recollect " George the Magnificent," and his ideas of all that graced royalty, may well rejoice in the present contrast. STANDARD.--An article of this morning's Times recals us to a subject upon which we have more than once claimed the attention of our readers— emigration. The remarks of the Times are cru le and ill natured enough, but they suggest by these very faults considerations which it may be well for the public to weigh with care. The Times sneers at plans of emigration as schemes of cheap and hypo critical benevolence, and asks, with an air of insulting triumph, why the English aristocracy, imitating the early Greek, and, we suppose, earlier Phoenician, founders of States, do not hiemselves embark as emigrants. All this is very foolish, if no worse. An extensive drain by emigration is a necessity to a great and an advancing country, whether that country is or is not peopled up to its capacity, or even within a tenth of its capacity. The solution of this paradox, if it deserves the name, is obvious. The country may not be overstocked, but the classes into which its 'social circumstances have east the population easily may run to excess ; and it is the surplus of classes for which there is no recipient at home, which claims relief by emigration. It is easy to say, reform your social system, so as to provide at home for all. But, besides that this has never been done, and that it is obviously opposed to the great scheme of Divine wisdom in the government of the world, to what would it amount but to a plan to imprison nations and to starve them after arriving at the point at which population might pass production? No ; emigration is necessary for the happiness of all in a progres sive country—for the happiness of those who emigrate, as well as of those who remain, espe cially necessary to protect the social state from a constant tendency to deterioration. One of two things you must have, a check to the increase of population, which can be obtained only by the agency of misery or vice, or room for the additions • made to the people in their several classes. 'With whatever motives, therefore, emigration may be recommended, the proposition is nevertheless one de serving of all favour. We believe that generally of late years emigration has been recommended in a sin cere and benevolent spirit, and we will not admit the sneering suggestion of the Times, as to the emigra • tion of the aristocracy, as any argument to the contrary. The aristocracy, generally so called, .are the landholders of the country. They are the adscripti glebtr, exactly the one class to whom locomotion is by circumstances forbidden. What rational motive can be supposed to influence ;the • Possessor of acres in Kent or Devon to sell his estates, and " seek new seats beyond the western main," or the southern main, or any other sea? And net only to seek new seats, but new society and new social duties, for in selling his estates he separates tioslelf from the tenantry and labourers on his lands, for whom, as a Christian and an English gentleman, he is bound to provide with almost as much anxiety as for his own family . The non-emigration of the aristocracy, therefore., is no proof of insincerity on their part w h en they recommend emigration. He who suggests to a youn g friend to try his fortun e abroad is not less since re or friendly in offering the suggestion, because his own business, by which he is to support his wife and children and maintain his and their position in society, keeps himself at home. Still ev ery one must see that em i gration is not yet placed upon a satisfactory footing, and must admit that our colonial system would be infinitely improved by a more just and natural proportion in the - classes of emigrants going out; or by sendin g forth, as it were, our colonial societies "in frame '' instead of sending nothing but the raw material, and that of the plainest quality and in the rudest state. five miles and the latter full fifteen miles, in a run of eight hours, going from five to seven miles an hour by the wind; but, to my great disapppointment, the Adonis did not join in this race, she having remained at anchor in Callao roads. About ten days after this, I think on the 2d of February, when the Vindictive was under easy sail, exercising in the Bay of Callao, the Adonis was ob served bearing out, on her way to Valparaiso and France. I immediately steered towards her, the wind being very light, in order to bid Captain St. George and his officers farewell, and on our approaching very close to her, I directed our band to play the French national air, which was acknowledged by the French officers taking off their hats. We then separated ; the Vindictive hauling in the 'opposite tack towards Callao. It being very nearly calm at this time, it would have been impossible to have tried the rate of sailing, had I wished to have done so ; but having beaten the American frigates, I did not like offering to try the Adonis unless her Captain had invited me to do it. Thus, Sir, you will see that the statement about the epaulettes is quite imaginary, at least so far as it relates to the Vindictive. Possibly it may have oc curred with some other of our ships, for as the Adonis left Valparaiso for France in the month of March, it cannot be a matter of surprise that she should have reached the English Channel before the Vindictive, which did not quit Valparaiso until the month of May. As to the sailing qualities of the Vindictive, all I can say is, that during our voyage round the world, we never met with any vessel that could compete with her. When she was first commissioned, and we were sent to to the Downs to receive the King of Prussia, the Warspite appeared to have the advan tage of us, but the Vindictive was then nearly a foot too much by the stern. We had no trial of sailing whatever with any ship in the Channel previous to our going to China. On that voyage we were only 85 days under canvas from Torbay to Hong- Kong, and five at anchor. We sailed from England on the 21st of March, and anchored at Hong-Kong on the 19th of June, having reached Madeira in four days and a half, crossed the line on the 16th day, and passed the Cape of Good Hope on the 40th day from England. No ship, I believe, ever did more than this, and all the qualities of the Vindictive are quite equal to those of her sailing. I most happily - avail myself of this occasion to express the gratification it afforded me during the whole of my services in the Pacific, and especially during the execution of my delicate duties at Ota heite, to have been on terms of friendly intimacy with the French officers with whom I had inter course ; and from the captains of the French merchant ships, also, I repeatedly received grateful acknow ledgments for the aid I had afforded them whenever they needed assistance ; and I trust, whenever I may again be called into active service, that I shall find opportunities o evincing the same good feeling. I have the honour to be, Sir, Scc., I. TOU . P NICOLAS, Late Captain of the Vindictive. Devonport, Sept. 19. EAST SURREY REGISTRATION The Revising Barrister, Mr. S. C. Fish, yesterday attended at the Town-hall, Kingston, for the purpose of revising the lists of voters in that district. Mr. E. Meymott, attended as the Conservative agent, and Mr. Jeans for the Liberals. A good deal of inconvenience was occasioned by the negligence of the overseers in the country districts, and they appeared to be certainly ignorant of the duty which the law required them to perform, and in some instances parties were disfranchised through their ne ligence. In'l'hames Ditton parish the overseer had sent in no list, either of voters or new claims; neither did he attend to present any list whatever to the Court. Mr. Fish remarked that such conduct wai really too bad, and he should feel compelled to take notice of it. The Deputy-Clerk of the Peace said he had written to the overseer and requested that the lists might be forwarded, but he took no notice of his application. The ItuVISING BARRIiTEZ said he sh3all adjourn lie consideration of the list until a future day, and, unless some very good cause was shown for the neglect, he should certainly fine the overseer for not sending the lists, and also fir not attending the Court. In the parish of Kingston the claim to vote made by Mr. Award May was objected to by the Conservative agent. Mr. Meymott said that this case involved a matter of some importance. The nature of objection to the overseer had been posted in due time, and he would now ask the overseer whether he had ever received it ? The overseer said he had not. Mr. Meymott said that, under these circumstances, he was unable to press his objection • it was clear, however, that the post could not be relied upon. Mr. Jeans said that the notice of objection appeared to be addressed on the hack of it to the overseers of Richmond, and this probably accounted for the over seers of Kingston not having received it. Mr. Meymott said the notice was addressed to the overseers of Kingston-on-Thames, and he knew nothing of the address at the back of it to the over seers of Richmond. The REVISING BARRISTER said he could not enter into any question relative to the non-delivery of the notice. The forms of the Act of Parliament had not been complied with, and the name of the voter must, therefore, remain upon the list. Mr. E. H. V. Lewes claimed to have his name placed upon the list of voters. He described his quali fication as being one undivided fourth part of certain property at Kingston. Mr. Jeans objected to the claim, on the ground that the qualification was not- properly described. Mr. Lewes should have stated that he had a freehold interest. The REVISING BARRISTER thought the objection was well founded. Mr. Jeans said he believed the gentleman was a lawyer, and therefore he ought to have known what the law required. The REVISING BARRISTER decided that the quali fication was not properly described, and he struck out the name. James Laurence claimed to vote. Mr. Jeans said the claimant held an appointment under the Post-office, and he was not entitled to vote. The REVISING BARRISTER asked if any objection had been taken to his claim ? Mr. Jeans said he was not aware that there was ; but as the Revising Barrister had struck out a claim of a similar nature at the Reigate Court, he thought it was his duty to make the present objection. Mr. Fish said that in that case the party was ob jected to by the overseers. Mr. Meymott said that where no formal objection was made to the claim, it ought not to be disallowed. Although the party could not vote, there was no reason why his name should not be upon the register. The REVISING BARRISTER said he should retain the name upon the list. When the other parishes had been gone through, the question arose what should be done in the case of Thames Di tton. The REVISING BARRISTER said he should adjourn the consideration of the list until Thursday, when he should sit at Camberwell, and as he had before stated, he should certainly fine the overseer for his neglect. PUBLIC WALKS AND Pians.—A subscription has come of 2001. from the Phoenix Fire-office, of London, which, we understand, was quite unsolicited. The do nation was accompanied with the following letter, the terms of which much 'enhance the value of the gift; and, as nearly every fire-office in the kingdom is under equal obligations, we hope the example will not be lost on them:—" The benevolent measure entertained by the leading merchants and manufacturers of your town, for the promotion of the health and comfort of its indus trious population, by the establishment of public walks and gardens, has to-day come under the notice of our Board ; and the Board feeling that, during its long and extensive connexion with the trade of Manchester, the Phoenix Company has had frecjuent experience of the good disposition of the labouring classes, when their personal services have been required, in cases of fire, are desirous to avail themselves of the opportunity which the measure alluded to presents, of adding their assistance towards the success of a measure so well calculated to effect the object contemplated. I am, therefore, in stracted to request that the name of the Phoenix Com pany may be added to the list of contributors for the sum of NOV—Manchester Guardian. PRESTON. — ELECTION TRlCK.—lmmediately after the announcement of a vacancy in the representation of North Lancashire • an agent of the Conservative party purchased from the clerks of the peace every disposable copy of the register for this division, which, in case of a contest, would have very much inconvenienced an oppo nent, leaving him almost without the means of knowing who were the " free and independent electors" to whom tltythi! he had to pay his respects. As there is no probability went,blr VARa navalst of a contest, the " sharp practicers" have gained nothing , step,. except the possession of an immense quan tity gains.—Presto n Chronicle of what will be mere waste paper. The trunk makers and _butter merchants may therefore look out for I I NiEßs.—During the early part of the here, inspectin g officer, from the Admiralty, was down the different steamers belonging to the port, in reference to their q capacity in as war steamers, iu the event of hostilities requiring a to such means of defence. He fund tent to carry 148 large guns, several smaller ones, and a c ompetent number of men. He expressed his admira tion of their strength and capacity, and seemed pleased g i ve a warm reception t o t h e P r i nce de to think that they could, with won d er f u l facility, 1 e elude to oii:.- ville, should he ever approach our shores in a spirit clif terorit (rein that which now secures his royal father an hospitable reception. The river steam-boats, tug-boats, &c., he pronounced capable of being converted into gun boats of a most formidab:c description. It is gratifying to know of our warlike capacity, but we hope to remain lung strangers to practical knowledge of the fact.--- 1 Liverpool Journal POLICE INTELLIGENCE. MANSION-HOUSE. Yesterday Jacques Besset, who under the firm of Pricener and Co., general merchants, of No. 73, Fen church-street, and against whom a warrant was ob tained on the 13th instant, was brought up in the custody of Stephen Thornton, of the A division, charged under the law of France with the offence of fraudulent bankruptcy. Mr. James, the barrister, and Mr. Robinson ap peared for the prosecution, and Mr. M. Chambers and Mr. Humphreys, the solicitor, for the accused. Mr. James said, that as the prisoner was in custody under the warrant granted by the Lord Mayor, which was founded on a warrant issued by Sir James Graham in pursuance of the convention ratified be tween England and France, he now had to request that the prisoner be committed and given up to the French authorities. Mr. Chambers wished to know on what ground the warrant had been granted ? Mr. James having stated the nature of the warrant which had been issued by the Secretary of State, as well as the documentary evidence taken in Paris, Mr. Chambers said he should like to have the whole of the documentary evidence read. Mr. Goodman, the chief clerk, then proceeded to read the whole of the documentary evidence, consist ing of the copies of 16 letters written by the prisoner in pencil, and the examination of the several witnesses taken before the above judge. Mr. Chambers wished to know what proof existed that the copies of the letters which had been read were true copies of the originals ? Mr. James—The copies contained in the deposi tions have been duly authenticated before the judge of the tribunal who issued the warrant. Mr. Goodman then read the depositions of Mr. Matthieu, a French advocate, which appeared in our paper of the 14th. Mr. Matthieu was then called, and cross-examined by Mr. Chambers—The definition of a fraudulent bankrupt was to be found in the 598th and 599th sections of the " Code Commercial." The penalty for that o ff ence was to be found in the " Code Penal. ' Considerable difference existed between a simple bankrupt and a fraudulent one. The 403 d section of the " Code Penal" made no distinction between a fraudulent bankrupt and a " complice." The pri soner, in his opinion, was a "complice." This opi nion he founded on the 59th, 60th, 61st, and 62d sections of the " Code Penal." The punishment awarded to a fraudulent bankrupt as well as to a " complice" varied from 5 to 20 years' imprisonment in the galleys. By Mr. James—Nearly the whole of the deposi tions were taken in witness's presence. He saw the parties whose evidence had now been read sign them. He bad examined the whole of the letters which had been read, and upon the evidence they contained he had no hesitation in saying that if the prisoner was in France he would be charged as a fraudulent bankrupt. Had he not committed such an act the warrant would not have been issued. The buying of goods in the manner described by the documentary evidence was sufficient in France to establish an act of bankruptcy. The whole of the evidence which had now been read was given before the judge, and that before he issued his warrant. M. Dufour deposed that he is a merchant, and re sides at Paris. He had seen the prisoner several times in Paris, who came in company with Regis Germain and purchased goods ; they were directed to be sent to Boulogne, and he was never paid for the goods, but received a bill of exchange from Germain ; the prisoner said what goods were to be bought. Since he had been in London he had endeavoured to find out the firm of Pricener and Co., but they had absconded; the firm only existed ten days. De la Nlarcotelly had absconded to America ; had he met him he would have given him into custody. By Mr. Chambers—The bill is in Paris. Goods were ordered of him up to the very day of the bank ruptcy ; thence arose the act of fraudulent bank ruptcy. By Mr. James—An act of bankruptcy was the same in France as in England. Mr. Chambers—That is by running away.—(A laugh.) Mr. James now prayed for the prisoner's commit tal; should his Learned Friend urge any objections he should reply. Mr. Chambers said, that although this was a most important question, yet he would submit that it was not one of a difficult nature to decide, and he would at once submit to the Lord Mayor that in the first place he possessed no jurisdiction, for neither the treaty nor the Act of Parliament founded on that convention set forth the peculiar offence which was now attempted to be made against the prisoner. In proof of this, the treaty contained the nature and description of offences for which each Government was to give up persons who stood charged with any of the crimes thus enumerated. The treaty was en• tered into on the 13th of Febru wy, 1843, and was ratified on the 13th of May following. But the offence was not stated, besides which no such offence was known to the English law ; he had been informed that the prisoner had been apprehended in Surrey; there the Lord Mayor had no control. To remove all doubt, he would examine the officer. Stephen Thornton, No. 26 A division, deposed that he apprehended the prisoner on Friday afternoon about a quarter of a mile beyond Kennington-com mon ; he had no warrant; he could not say whether it was 300 yards beyond the boundaries of the city of London. Mr. Chambers, in continuation, said, he would refer to the jurisdiction by and by; there could be no doubt that the parties who were appointed to draw up the treaty had paid very great attention to the subject, for the offences enumerated were murder, assassina tion, parricide and infanticide, forgery, and fraudulent bankruptcy. Now, with the exception of the last offence, the other crimes were known to our law, and a magistrate here could have no power to adjudicate on an offence for which, if committed in England, he could not commit for trial. Upon the act of fraudulent bankruptcy, even the French penal code was not very clear, therefore it was too much to say,that the justice here could commit, for the only offence here known was that of conspiracy, the course of proceeding against which was by indictment. To enable the warrant to be acted on, the offence committed was of such a nature as would enable the magistrate, if committed here, to send the prisoner for trial. According to the French codes the prisoner was charged with being a complice, and the French advocate who had been examined was not very clear in the law on this point, for he had,to'refer the " Code Commercial" and the " Code Penal " for an explanation. The Learned Counsel then, at great length, proceeded to analyse the French laws, which, in many instances, he declared were copied from the English code, and, in support of this view, cited Archbold's "Principles of Law," and then pro ceeded to contend that, admitting an offence to have been committed, and which could only be founded on the letters which had been adduced, yet, to bring that offence within the laws of France, the letters must have been written there, instead of which they had been written in London ; therefore the act was not committed in France, but here, and the act not being in England an offence, the prisoner could not be committed, and yet the Lord Mayor was called on to make that legal here which was evidently irregular before the French court. There was another ground which he intended to urge ; it was essential, by the convention and the Act of Parliament, that the same offence should he stated in the orig inal warrant and in the one issued by Sir James Graham. Now, in the original, the prisoner was charged as a complice, while in the war rant of the Secretary of State he was designated as a fraudulent bankrupt. Again, the arrest took place in Surrey, when the warrant was directed only to the Lord Mayor. No person would deny that treaties were entered into with grave deliberation, and that competent persons were employed to watch that im proper words should not creep in, but while we had entered into a treaty to give up persons guilty of cer tain offences, England was surely to be allowed to shelter those who had only been guilty of a civil crime. The present proceedings were certainly im portant; for, with the exception of a case arising out of a similar treaty with America, which occurred last year, this was the first time the convention was attempted to be put in force. Looking at the whole of the case, he submitted it did not come under his Lordship's jurisdiction. Mr. James said, his Learned Friend had made a very long and able address, which he did not intend to follow. lie would merely refer to the heads. His Learned Friend had said that fraudulent bankruptcy was not known in England ; but here was known the crime that if the bankrupt absconded, he was guilty of felony, and the only difference between the offence charged against the prisoner from that known in England was in the term given to the offence. So clearly was this offence established, that the judge took the whole of the evidence before he issued his warrant. His Learned Friend had confined himself to subtle disquisitions on the French law, which no doubt would be highly advantageous to the prisoner if he (Mr. Chambers) went over to France to defend him. Had the prisoner been found in France he would have been deemed as a principal, but being out of the country he was termed a complice. If the prisoner had not committed a fraudulent act of bank ruptcy, that would have been shown, for there were several of his accomplices in Court who could give that evidence. Surely his Learned Frivild could not be serious when he argued that the original warrant and that of the Secretary of State differed in stating the offence. If they were wrong, the prisoner could raise the question in the courts of France. The LORD M tron said, that he had been called upon to carry out an important treaty which had been entered into between the two countries, and that the prisoner was charged with an offence which would have to be decided in France. When he was first applied to, he entertained great doubt as to whether an offence had been committed in France, but that doubt was removed on hearing the evidence which THE SUN, LONDON, TUESDAY ETIENING, SEPTEMBER 24, 1844. had been adduced. With regard to the other point, that the offence was unknown to the laws of this country, it was a mere distinction in names, it being here called a conspiracy. As the evidence was sufficient, he should certainly commit the prisoner for the offence, as set forth in the warrant of the Secre tary of State. The prisoner was then committed, preparatory to being sent to France. GUILDHALL. Yesterday Mr. Postan, the vestry-clerk of St. Botolph-without, Aldersgate, brought before Sir P. Laurie a journeyman bookbinder named Mills, and charged him with neglecting to support his wife, in consequence of having discontinued an allowance of half-a-crown per week. Sir P. LAURIE asked the wife how old she was P She replied 73. The Alderman put the same question to the hus band, who stated that he was fifty years old. Sir P. LAURIE asked how long they had been mar ried P—The husband said about two years. Sir P. LAURIE inquired what had induced him to marry a woman old enough to be his mother ?—The husband said she never would tell him her age till now. Sir P. LAURIE asked if he could not see how old she was P—The husband replied, she represented that she was much younger, and that she did not know where she was born or baptised. Sir P. LAURIE hoped he did not believe what every body said, and asked again why he married a woman old enough to be his mother ? " The more shame for you," exclaimed the old woman. " The more shame for you," repeated the husband, looking fiercely at her, and he proceeded to state, that having three children by his first wife, who were run ning about the streets all day when he was called to work, he thought it a matter of prudence to marry this woman, as she was a clean pleasant sort of person, and had a clean, comfortable home. Sir P. LAURIE asked how she got her living?— The husband answered that she went out cleaning. Sir P. LAURIE asked why they separated ?—The hus band said, after living with her three months, he found out that she was a complete drunkard, and had run up scores at two gin-shops. He used to give her the rent weekly, and one morning when be got up and happened to see the rent-book lying on a chair he had the curiosity to look at it, and found she had squan dered the rent-money. But the reason he refused to make her an allowance was that she had been keeping a man for a year past. He could show that they lived together, and had but one bed in the room. Sir P. Litmus asked the wife how she came to marry at such an advanced time of life ?—She said she was a widow, and Mills told her such fine tales as the world never heard before ; he courted her for three months, and she wanted to put him off another month, but he was such a canting fellow that she could not. As soon as they were married he brought home an empty box, and a lousy girl twelve years old. She, however, did her duty, and made them both clean and decent. After living with her five months he turned his attention to some other woman, and had the impudence to say that he loved that woman's little finger better than the whole body of his lawful wife, and he left her after giving her a shocking black eye. Sir P. LAURIE thought that at her time of life she ought to have been proof against the flattery of the sex. What had she to say to the serious charge made by her husband ?—She said she took in mangling, and she had the young man to do for her. It was only a boy, her nephew. Her husband was like the dog in the manger, who would neither eat the hay himself nor let anybody else. Sir P. LAURIE reminded her that the accusation was that he slept in her bed. She said it was false. He slept on it in the day time, but at night he slept in a corner of the room. Sir P. LAURIE asked the age of boy. She replied he was a boy to her—about twenty-three. Sir P. LAURIE observed that her husband was a boy to her in one sense, for she was old enough to be his mother. In visiting the dwellings of the poor he had found them obliged to sleep in the same room without much regard to delicacy. He should like to see this nephew before he decided on the case. The landlady of a house where the wife and nephew had lived for months was called. She had seen but one bed in the room. The old woman and the nephew used to fight. On one occasion, when the policeman came in and found the nephew in bed, he asked where the old woman slept ? and the nephew replied, "Along with me, to be sure. Where should she sleep r There was, in fact, no room to make up a bed for him on the floor. The old woman went away in her debt, and scandalized her character by reporting that she slept away from ho:ne whole nights together. Mr. Postans, the vestry-clerk, stated, that both the husband and wife were paupers at the time they were married, and the woman continued fur a time to re ceive her allowance of Is. 6d. per week. as a widow, from Rotherhithe parish. The wife stated, that her husband went with her half-a-dozen times to receive the money. The husband said, he understood it was an allow ance from her daughter at Leatherhead. Sir P. LAURIE ordered the case to stand over, for' further proof and inquiry, till Thursday. MARLBOROUGH -STREET. Yesterday Adele Dupierre, or Dupre, underwent a second examination before Mr. Maltby, on a charge of having stolen and pawned a large quantity of shoes, the property of Mr. Van Bever, shoemaker, Burling ton-arcade, with whom she lived as shopwoman. Mr. Lumley, from the office of Mr. Flower, at tended for the prisoner, and a solicitor from the office of Mr. Goatley for the prosecutor. Mr. Lumley said he had an application to make to the Court. He proposed to cross-examine Mr. Van Bever, and also Mr. Bever's solicitor. Now he hoped the Court would order that one party should not be in Court while the examination of the other was pro ceeding with. The solicitor expressed his surprise at this an nouncement. He had no evidence to give that he was aware of. He was not a witness, and he was only present as Mr. Van Bever's legal adviser. Mr. MALTBY decided that the examination of the solicitor, as proposed by Mr. Lumley, would be irre gular and unnecessary. Mr. Van Bever was called, and the statement which he made on the former occasion relative to the dis pin his stock, the admission Dupierre that she had pawned he to o k b o th aga i ns t the c to hot. e v t e hp r er y op p o r, ei f sr ot t yn h ,e e ra deficiency nAddhl ee stepsD u prisoner and another young woman, formerly in his service, in consequence of a statement, subsequently the prisoner, was read disavowed, .m made to him by The solicitor then asked Mr. V. Bever various questions, to which he replied that he had never, at any time in his life, given the p r i soner s h oes t o p awn for him. On the 9th of August he left England to go on the Continent, and he returned on the 24th of Au gust. The prisoner had money given to her for ex penses during his absence. Waring the time he was out of England the prisoner had never received per mission to pawn any goods, nor was he aware that she had pawned any until the robbery was discovered. The solicitor here said he should produce a number of duplicates relating to shoes and boots pawned by the prisoner during the period of Mr. Van Bever's absence. Mr. Van Bever, in continuation, said as soon as he returned to town he settled accounts with the pri soner, and at that time had not discovered his loss. As there was another young woman engaged for the shop he made preparations to take stock, as was his custom when he had a new hand. He intended to have taken stock last Monday week, but was prevented in conse quence of a fire happening in the shop, which fire he had reason to'suspect the prisoner had caused. Mr. Lumley said there had been nothing hitherto said about any fire, and it was not correct for Mr. Van Bever to mak e any allusion to it in the present stage of the proceedings. Mr. Van Bever replied the charge would be made before the case e n d e d , as h e h a d i ns t ruc t e d his solicitor to do what wa s Proper in the affair. Mr. Van Bever further said th a t a f ter t h e stoc k was taken, and the deficiency disc overe d , h e c h arge d th e prisoner with the offence, upon which she began to cry. He told her it would be the best thing for her to tell the truth, and she then said she would work out the amount, and would produce the tickets if he would not say anything more about the matter. Mr. Van Bever underwent a very long cross examination by Mr. Lumley.—Had been twenty-nine years in England, and all that period in the service of Mr. Erard, the harp-machinist. Kept a shoe shop about eighteen years, but was a harp-machinist. Worked piece -work for Mr. Erard. Had been in partnership with Mr. Reynolds, in New Bond-street. Had quarrelled with his wife, and had been two or three times brought to that Court for alleged as saults. The prisoner bad been first engaged about three years ago. She bad left for nearly two years, and had been re-engaged in consequence of his former shopwoman leaving him. It was as false as —to say, that at any time he had either given her shoes to pawn, or had authorised her to pawn shoes. Had never asked the prisoner to meet him at night. Had given money to his wife the last time he was in Paris. Was not in the receipt of thirty shillings a week as wages from Mr. Erard. Found his earnings enough for his expenses, without having occasion to abstract money from the shoe business. Here Mr. Van Bever's patience appeared to fail. He said, whaf, have my private actions and ray do mestic affairs to do with the case ? I have been robbed, and I come here for justice. I appeal to the Court for protection against such nonsense as is going for ward. Mr. MALTBY wished to know what bearing th e questions had on the case which the solicibr was putting to Mr. Van Bever? Mr. Lumley said he should presently show that the probable solution of the deficiency in the stock was, that Mr. Van Bever had taken the property and caused it to be pawned for his own private ends. Mr. Van Bever emphatically repeated that he had never authorised at any time the pawning of shoes or boots. Cross-examination continued—The receipts in the shop had fallen off very much within the last week or two. This he attributed to a conspiracy between the prisoner and his former shopwoman. He had received information that the prisoner had sent customers to another shop in the arcade. Had never expressed a determination to any one to get Miss Cook out of the arcade. After the prisoner and Miss Cook were in custody, did not say to his solicitor that he only wanted to punish Miss Cook, and not to hurt the pri soner. What he said was, that from what Dupierre had told him, Cook had been his ruin. Had never promised to give 501. if Miss Cook were got out of her shop. On taking stock had found about 105 pairs of shoes and boots deficient, but from the quantity in the hands of the pawnbrokers which he knew to be his pro perty, his loss was much larger. Thomas Wood, shopman to Mr. Wood, pawnbroker, 65, High-street, produced samples of 74 pairs of shoes, which the prisoner had pledged at the shop since August. The witness said that the prisoner had been in the habit of pawning shoes at his employers shop for some years. He had a list of pledges of this sort made in 1841 and 1842, at a period when the prisoner was not in Mr. Van Bever's employ. A shopman in the employ of Mr. Young, pawn broker, Princes-street, sai , , the prisoner had pledged between thirty and forty p ixs of shoes since August last. The prisoner had pica - :lged shoes at the shop for a considerable period. The prisoner, wren called upon for her defence, in broken English said she had never known anything about pawning shoes until sent by Mr. Van Bever. Mr. Van Bever wanted to get Miss Cook out of her shop, because since she had opened a shoe shop for herself, he had not done so much business. Mr. Lumley, for the prisoner, said he should only urge the great improbability that the prisoner could have pawned so large a quantity of shoes, and in her own name, without the knowledge or consent of Mr. Van Bever. There was a great deal of animosity on the part of Mr. Van Bever towards Miss Cook, and this was the foundation of the present charge. The pawnbrokers also proved that the prisoner had for L years been in the habit of pledging shoes with them, and this afforded strong presumption that the prose cutor must have supplied her with shoes, at least during that period when she was not in his service. Mr. MALTBY said there was not proof before him that these shoes were Mr. Van Bever's property. From the evidence which had been produced, he felt it to be his duty to send the case to a jury. The depositions were then ordered to be taken, and the prisoner to be brought up again the next day in order to be fully committed. Mr. Van Bever's solicitor said he now had to make a charge which, as it had got publicity, he felt it was due to Mr. Van Bever that it should have investiga tion. Mr. Van Bever's shop was set on fire on Mon day week, and this act he believed to have been com mitted by the prisoner, who was alarmed at the pros pect of detection which Mr. Van I3ever's proposal to take stock held out. The prisoner, however, had as serted that she had been told to set the shop on fire by Mr. Van Bever, and this statement had gone forth to the public, and had seriously injured Mr. Van Bever's business. Mr. MALTBY said he had not heard such a state ment made by the prisoner, nor had he seen it in any of the public journals. The solicitor said the prisoner, had certainly made such a statement in open Court, in the hearing of se veral of the residents in Burlington-arcade, and he supposed it was owing to the reports of those parties that the rumour had gained publicity. Mr. Van Bever had been greatly prejudiced by the report, and it was but an act of justice to him to show that the prisoner's story did not contain a single Nord of truth. In the former examination some mention was made of the interest taken in the proceedir.gs by a Colonel Loftus. On the authority of a highly-respectable legal firm in Lincoln's Inn-fields, we have to state that the individual in question was not Colonel Fer rero Loftus. HAOLVERSMITH. Henry Jones, John Hill, William Benson, Henry Key, and James Foreman, labourers, were charged with causing the dc=atli of a man named George son, in a fight, which took place on Sunday morning, near the Basin of the Kensington Canal. The first was charged as a principal, and the rest as alders and abettors in acting as second. After the hearing of the evidence relative to the fight, and the death of the deceased from the injuries he had received, the priso ners were remanded till Thursday. CURIOUS FACTS REGARDING FILTRATION. (From the Chester Chronicle.) We believe that to our noble neighbour, the Mar quis of Westminst e r, i s i n di rec tl y ow i ng t h e existence of the system of filtering large bodies of water, which our neighbours, the manufacturers of Lancashire, are adopting. The Noble Marquis gave notice, about four years ago, that he should revive the Committee for inquiring into the supply of water for London. This notice was seen in St. Petersburgh by a young engineer, born in Tartary, of English parents, who having been deeply injured by the c o rr u pt an d arbi trary conduct of the Russian Government, panted to get away to the land of his ancestors. His father and brother had built the greater part of the Russian navy, and the latter had been ennobled by the Em peror Alexander for his great services. A new reign, that of the present Emperor, produced men " who knew not Joseph" or his family. The author of the modern system of filtration, the late W. H. Stuckey, civil engineer, invented it in Russia, and offered a plan for providing St. Petersburgh with pure water. The Governor, Count Essen, highly ap proved of this plan and granted his permission. A large building was erected and pipes laid down. A contract was entered into which it was thought by a relation of one of the Ministers would be very profit able. As everything goes by favour or bribery in Russia, there was little difficulty in obtaining an order to supersede the original contractor; poor Stuckey was commanded to take down the building which he had erected. Stuckey refused until a reason could be assigned—" you have no right to ask imper tinent questions but to obey" was the reply, and the order was repeated with threats—he still refused; 200 men of the Fire Brigade were then directed to take the building down by force in the dead of the night. The next morning not a stone was standing. The foundation of the disease of which Stuckey died was the result. He recovered —came to England— offered his invention to Parliament—exhibited his filter at work—Lord Brougham saw it in opera tion, and spoke of it twice in the House of Peers, strongly counselling the Government to adopt it for the benefit of the nation at large. Lord Radnor did the same, and presented Stuckey's petition to the Lords. Sir P. Trench and Mr. Mackin non presented similar petitions to the House of Commons. All was of no avail. The invention was merely for the public good, and did not con tribute to any party object, for which cause it was clearly unreasonable to expect that public money should be expended upon it. Poor Stuckey, after dancing attendance for a whole session, found the only result to be, attempts to discover his secret. Con trary to his intention, he was obliged to take out a patent. Fortified with a letter of recommendation from Lord Brougham to the celebrated Arago, he also obtained a patent in France, and another in Holland. All these were matters of difficulty, but they were ac complished. This year the Emperor of Russia ar rived, and the Marquis of Northampton, as President of the Royal Society, called upon the English nation to treat the Autocrat with kindness on the ground of the encouragement given by the Russian Govern ment to Englishmen of science. Poor Stuckey had petitioned that very Government seventeen times for redress, and could not even get an answer. He was much excited his father-in law, Mr. Northhouse, (he having married in Eagland) addressed a large body in London, stating the foregoing circumstances, which appeared in a popular London newspaper of the ensuing Sunday, on which day the Emperor suddenly and unexpec tedly left our shores. Intensity of feeling had how ever secured its victim—Stuckey died at the early age of 35, just in time to behold the voluntary appli cation of his system of filtration by several of the leading manufacturers of Lancashire to their works, and also by the engineer of the Commissioners of Woods and Forests in making the fountain in Tra falgar-square, and the Aid-de-Camp of King Louis Phillippe and hts partners, to the fountains of Paris. Such is the fate o f ge nius ! Such is the simple nar rative of one of the most useful discoveries of modern times! Well might Moore say, — In the land of the north there are insects that prey On the brain of the Elk, till its very last sigh ; Oh ! genius, thy patrons more cruel than they, First feed on thy brains and then leave thee to die ! EXEMPTION OF FARMING STOCK FROM AUCTION DUTY.—Many questions having arisen as to the extent of this exemption, we have made inquiry, and the result is that it does not apply to cider, butter, cheese, flour, &c. ; neither does it extend to all property which may belong to a farmer, but only to such things as belong to, and are used on, the land. Green-houses, hot-houses, nurserymen's stock, &c., are not considered to come within the exemption.-- Wiltshire Independent. The arrangements for carrying out the Act of Par liament constituting Manchester a port for warehousing goods, &c., under the Board of Customs, are now com pleted. The establishment is to consist of a collector, comptroller, six clerks, and two landing waiters. Mr. Powell, at present comptroller of Newcastle, has been appointed collector ; and Mr. Shelley, comptroller of ac counts ,at Liverpool, the comptroller. The principal officers will take their seats on the Bth of October, for the purpose of arranging the routine" the clerks, &c., will join on the 10th, and public business will pomcnence oa the 11th. FRAGMENTS OF A CHINESE ELEGY. In the fourth moon, at the season called Mang tchong, the air is pure, the sun shines in all its splen dour. How many ungrateful husbands give them selves up to pleasure, and forget her whom they have lost. The husband and wife are like two birds in one forest. When the fatal time comes they fly off each its own way. This so accomplished beauty, this ten derness without bounds, they have vanished in a morning. Why, alas, two spouses so closely united, why should not they have lived and grown old toge ther ? I am like a man whom an enchanting dream has cradled in a sweet delusion. When he awakes he seeks the young immortal who charmed his ears and his eyes;. and he finds around him void, soligide, silence. On the fifteenth day of the eighth moon, when the disk shines in all her splendour, they offer to the gods melons and cakes, of a form round as the lamp of night. Men and women go two and two, to walk in the country, and enjoy the sweet clearness of the moon. But the rounded disk would but recal to me the wife whom I have lost. Sometimes, to dissipate my grief, I pour into my cup generous wine; some times I take my guitar, but it scarcely gives out a sound under my languishing hand. My relations aid friends come in turn to invite me • but my heart, filled with bitterness, refuses to partake of their plea sures. In the ninth moon, at the time called Tchong-yang, the chrysanthemums open their cups of gold, and all the gardens give out a fragrant odour. I would wish to cull a nosegay of newly-opened flowers if I had a wife with whose hair to adorn them. My eyes moisten with tears; my hands contract with grief, and strike my fleshless bosom. Igo once more into the shining chamber which my wife inhabited. My two children follow me, and come in sorrow to em brace my knees. They draw me by the hand, and call me in a stifled voice. They ask me of their mo ther, by their tears, their gestures, and their sobs.— From an" Elegy on the Death of a Wife," in Capt. Pidding's Chinese Olio and Tea Talk, No. 21. RAILWAY CASUALTIES. So much is done to circulate exaggerated accounts of accidents on railways, tending to prejudice the pub lic mind against the system and management, that we have thought it our duty to exclude from our columns all such statements as are not vouched for by offi cial authority. None but practical men can possibly conceive the extreme thoughtlessness with which mul titudes are ready to expose their lives ; it is scarcely possible for the strictest vigilance to prevent men from throwing themselves in the way of danger, and nearly all the accidents which occur on railways may be directly traced to individual perversity or reck lessness. It is desirable, where this is the case, that it should be publicly known, in order that the management may be acquitted in public opinion, and also that precautions may be taken on other lines against the recurrence of similar danger. In this view an authentic register of accidents may be useful both to railway property and railway management. We have great pleasure in referring to the two fol lowing statements. MANCHESTER AND LEEDS. Victoria Station, Sept. 14. Your note on the subject of the recent accident near this station has been received. In the present case I cannot, I think, do better than inclose the fol lowing paragraph from the Guardian, which contains the substance of the coroner's inquest :—" On the 4th inst. a fatality occurred on the Manchester and Leeds Railway, near the Hunt's Bank station, to a porter in the service of the company, named Samuel Mil lington. It appears that when the six o'clock passenger train started the deceased was standing on the foot board of the second carriage, on the near side; and after the train had proceeded about 300 yards he jumped off, but unfortunately fell, both his legs lying across the rail on that side. The near wheels of five carriages passed over his thighs, fracturing them severely, and he died from the effects of the injuries about two hours afterwards. On Friday, the 6th inst., Mr. Chapman held an inquest on the body of the deceased at the Manchester Royal Infirmary, when it was stated that he had been frequently cautioned against standing on the foot-boards after the trains had started, and that he was liable to be discharged for disobeying such order. A verdict of `accidental death' was returned." In addition I have only to say that every precaution is used to prevent the ser vants of the company and others from recklessly endangering their lives by such very imprudent and totally unnecessary exposure. GEORGE HALL, Chief Inspector. MANCHESTER AND BIRMINGHAM. Manchester, Sept. 16. I am directed to hand you the following particulars of the accident on this line at Alderley Edge. On Mon day the 9th inst. there was a cheap trip from Manches ter to Alderley Edge and back. About half-past 10 in the morning a train was dispatched from Manchester, which, in consequence of the number being so large upwards of 2,000, consisted principally of box wag gons, opening behind. On arriving at Alderley, the fore part of the train being required to go forward, the carriages were unshackled, and directly after an order given for that part of the train to proceed for ward. After the usual signal by the engine whistle had been twice given, the train started, when it was found that some person, without any authority, had reshackled the train, in consequence of which a woman, of the name of Mary Bealey, who was in the act of getting out of the waggon, was thrown down under the wheel, which passed over the lower part of her head. An inquest was held on the following day, and a verdict of " accidental death," returned, no blame being in any manner attached to the servants of the company. I beg also to observe that the Directors had taken great pains to prevent any accident occurring, two of the chief officers of this Company being in attendance, and directing the movements of the other servants at the time of the melancholy accident. With a view, however, of preventing any accident arising from the same cause, the Directors have resolved that this de scription of vehicle, opening at the end, shall not be again used in the conveyanc e o f passengers , and are ordering carriages of a superior description for the accommodation of parties supporting their cheap trips. THOMAS FRO G GATT. —Railway Chronicle. NEW REAPING MACHINE. The following account of a new machine for cut ting, or rather gathering wheat, which has just been invented in Australia, is very curious, and the results of the invention may be most important. It is com municated by Governor Grey, of South Australia, to the Royal Society of England, under the date of December 13, 1843. He says The colony continues to prosper; and the only event which has created any sensation is the complete s u cc ess which has attended the operations of a newly-invented reaping machine, invented in this colony.. This machine reaps, thrashes, and win nows, all at the same time, and this at the rate of nearly an acre an hour; the machine requiring to be attended by two men, and to be pushed by two horses. The corn is at once taken from the machine (which is stopped for the purpose when it is filled), and put into bags for exportation. The total sum charged for this operation is 10s. per acre ; the sowing, saving of corn, time, and labour, and consequently of expense, is very great. The inventor of the machine antici pates that, next year, the whole of these operations will cost much less than 10s. an acre. I have seen this machine at work, and was quite satisfied as to its success. You will say, But we shall soon make such a machine in England, when the principle is known.' It is, however, based upon a peculiarity in this climate, and could, I think, only succeed in a similar very dry climate. I must now give you a description of this invention. It is something like a cart pushed forward by two horses, instead of being drawn. In front of the machine is a very large steel comb, which is pushed forward and seizes the straw of the wheat, as an ordinary comb seizes hair. As the machine is moved forward, the straws are by the motion drawn through the comb, and dragged upwards towards the mouth of the machine. From the peculiar dryness of the climate, the wheat sheds very easily—that is, the corn or grain falls very readily out of the husk ; indeed, so much so, that wheat cannot be reaped here in the usual manner without considerable loss from shedding. As soon, therefore, as the head of the wheat is caught in the comb, the grain is, as it were, combed out, and falls down the comb to the mouth of the machine. That part of the head of the wheat which does not go through (which is too fine to admit it, until the grain has fallen out), is ultimately dragged up to the mouth of the machine, where it is knocked off by an appara tus like that of the ordinary thrashing machine, and the wheat is then thrashed in the same manner as in other thrashing machines; whilst the rapid advance of the machine creates a strong draft, by aid of which the corn is winnowed. The straw is left stanling. So much of it as is required for manure, &c., is mown, and the remainder is burnt." CHESS.—The Palanzede of the present month con tains a correspondence between Mr. Staunton and M. St. Amant, by which it appears that a new chess-match is to take place on October 15, at Paris, for the same stake (1001. a side) as that played for last year. The condi tions will be, in the main, the same as those agreed to for the former match ; there are, however, one, r two points which are at present under consideration, and which may be modified. One of those is a proposition of Mr. Staunton's to play the king's pawn two squares by both players, whether for attack or defence, at the commence ment of each:party ; another point proposed by the gen tleman is to limit the match to thirteen games in place of twenty-one—the winner of the first seven genies being the conqueror. The object of this latter change is to lessen the time which the Twitch will cause him to re main in Paris. As there is no doubt from the tenuur of the two '.champions' letters that these matters will be arranged, the match may be looked on as settled. AN EXPEDITION TO THE R MOUNTAINS. The St. Louis Missourian contains the followil particulars of Lieutenant Fremont's expedition, win e has just returned to that city from the far west:--- 0 " The party, it will be remembered, left this citi e the 23d of May, 1843—very nearly fifteen 11 1 °1 ago—and the latter part of that mon th th e y had pas „ t the western boundary of Missouri, and launched t, into the Prairies. Leaving the frontier in the " t i e ginning of June and travelling along the line of Kansas River, the party reached the Rocky 011 ., ° ‘ tains early in July, and occupied that month in "of ploring the heads of the Arkansas. At the clos e the month they crossed the mountains, and continti their way to the westward, had reached the G; r i Salt Lake in the beginning of September. No hal e being had ever before visited the isla n d of the n e ., brated lake ; and a few weeks w e re s p en t in expler l ' fl t g its unknown waters, and in surveying the aelin ce piii country. The latter part of this m on th found , at Fort Hall, where the winter set in early with s ;be vere storm on the 19th. Pursuing their way on b ii Oregon road, they reached the Falls of the Co1n: 13 early in the month of November. Leaving. his I),"14i here, Mr. Fremont proceeded by water to Fort couvre, at which place he arrived at the common t, ment of the rainy season. On th e 25th o f Noveini"' e , in a snow-storm, they left the Falls' on their Mi ll e t ward route, intending to return by wa y , of the gl aril o f and Mary's Lake. No interruption in the flo difficulties occurred to imped e th e i r marc h until De , had passed the Klamet Lake, i n th e middle of Y oe j camber, when their course t o th e so uthward 1 eastward was barred by parallel ranges of snow ere volcanic mountains, in the valleys of which 0 0 9 w of forced constantly to the southward, making littleern , no easting. They travelled this wa y a l o ng the ea st o o base of the great California M oun t a ins, whose pe rise 17,000 feet above the s ea , encou ntering 133 0 bands of Indians of a very w ild c h arac ter, and s ands of whom had never before seen a w hit e man. Tow' e9O the end of January, their animal s ' f ee t had bel ief , much worn by the ice and r o ck s , that 00' to scarcely able to travel ; and p rov i s i on had heg,to fail, as the country had be en f oun d destitute of`, —the Indians subsisting on fish, or roots and„, s ,, de' They were now between the 38th an d the Sr"' rangy gree of parallel, immediately under th e s nowi atte 00 of California. Mr. Fremont determi ne d to to cross this, and to force a way to the settlenle nt ig the Bay of San Francisco. The mountain 1 5 here miles broad, and on its upper regions the snow o if from sto 20 feet deep. They were occupied n e d a month in crossing it, but finally succeeded, an d e be in March exchanged the snow of mid-winter for fire r verdure of perpetual spring, in the valley of tbel sl ,3 Sacramenta. The party were cordially recellre u i3e hospitably entertained at his residence near th, t e , of of San Francisco, by Mr. J. A. Sutter, Prey 9°i the frontier of California. Here they remaineu ta ve! time to recruit, and at the end of March r es 1 0' their homeward journey. They proceeded se to o degrees to the southward to recross the nut: and passing over the California deserts by t'w bid o nish Trace, reached Bent's Fort, by way othe waters of the Arkansas, on the Ist day of eln;tb , the frontier of Missouri on the last of the salve "1" to ter, A STARVED CLERGY !—The Canterbury C ,, o lpe r consisting of a dozen canons, enjoys about 15,0 Or e annum ; at Durham the same apostolic molt sam e about 30,000/, a year. London is nearly ti l , o ,7oo'' Westminster and Windsor come very close to frreilovi° a year each. The warden and ten Winchest er ,, o o°,l share about 10,500/. for positively doing `i Not a sermon can be extracted f r om one, o o o cs that we are aware of. The entir e income 2; p a rlis thedral and collegiate bodies stands in te`f fin e it mentary reports at 284,2411., exclusive ire i leases, residences, and the like ; w hich, O u se e t known, and nes demonstrated in the i "" so otu:' r Commons by Lord Monteagle, would edl is fa h 2`i0,000/. of annual revenue to the amount " 4 ;00u - 4 change of leaseholds into freeholds. It is IlY t w itb' l / 4 therefore to take the gross sum, comprehendle re seo',: e about sixty sinecure rectories, at 550,0001., 1 1 1 " t be P' 4o a capital of about eighteen millions sterling.. e ". pee . " I sent prices of landed and real property. _Eclecti c ose TRIAL UNDER LOR D A SHLEY ' S ACT.- - A ni c ol" sll , h ; the instance of the Procur a t or -Fi sca l of Ch , "'"" of shire, against one of the wo r k m a n in the set-vie:0010, Clackmannan Coal Company, for the e mploY fe the 0 0 , 0 female in one of the coal mines belonging to „ J pany, was tried on Wednesday last beforvioool, Tait, Esq., sheriff of the county. About t he e : O3 , previously the owner and manager of of na e r liery had been tried for the same offell'iot stile ploying, among others, the same female; 00 a long trial, the sheriff assoilzied the olvi le L of r t, ground that there was not sufficient evide ev w A° es having authorised or permitted the woman t , In the coal mines in Clackmannanshire, o pp l 'i o wrought as wheelers to the workmen, who, l i ,° n d s elie both employed and paid them ; an d the defers fe°,po this case was charged with h av i ng em ployed - f ictlOT t it in the month of June last, under ground, in j ot ° ' of the 13th section of the Act, which enac ts ":0 171 „r shall be made to appear, to the satisfs°, - the sheriff, that the offence was committobe ?eb, under the authority of a workman, without t Aall e t sonal consent or knowledge of the owner , it oft, lawful for the sheriff to summon the workmaqee oolle for such an offence, and convict him in lieu 1; 0 c y o f m Various objections were made to the re le to d, af t !: t o libel, but they were repelled by the sheriff, sentence d , proof, the workman was found guilty sou, 2 ,, of ° o r pay the minimum penalty o f 51., with o 3 n ii b, troesbteo i c to ; and in default of pay men t w ithi n one in witted to prison for one calendar month. A g s siolb ber of colliers b e i ng p resen t, th e sheriff took belie r`, pronouncing judgment, to state that while he irs oth e r it the execution of the Act in this county , b j e cte t , g o might at first inflict individual hardship, th e c e i to re v t to was to better the condition of the colliers, 8 0 , res pec ie j, females from an employment which was, wont be 0 31 : 0 0 them, both unsuitable and degrading. r ef that whatever the colliers might think of the it ill fort the determination of the Government to Other pOti s r. and unless the practice was discontinued, odeer7A tions would undoubtedly take place.—Berw ic l . o o' of , DANGERS OF THE AFRICAN GUANO D O or letter, dated Sunday, received at Liverpool e rg O t /es' from Falmouth, contains a statement of sl e n 'i s vo ,s• dinary character, the truth of which there slo t , of "list. son to doubt. It is as follows :—The Sam 5 ,1 1 ,,t 3 1 !;',. of don, arrived off here (Falmouth), reports '"Cour i N Vaughan, master, of the merchant brig„obis, London, having touched at Bathurst ( It ,a the 15th of June, whence the Sam Slick s at t hat o' l made a declaration to the authorities there otstercio, the whole of that vessel's crew, a) , as well as ti 0f 1,(1,-%org some of the seamen of the barque Margaret; t he t bel including the captain, had been captured ncherethe at Arguing upon the western coast of Affi ei ! o ' c ludii 3 gAftv had gone to procure guano. Seven men' in rier 'dile o ff ro of chief mate of the Ceurier, had been canus, of London, Captain Isemonger, lY ie o g iv ed s „r a rer , die, having heard of the tragedy, had re, n . he garb. y o a of nine Br and fosons, including tart captain 01 1 . o a thcgo' for 300/. six of the py arrived ; ° of th e 3 os se' the 6th of August, including the captai n av el in ret. Three remained behind, unabl gooo. quence of their wounds. The captaeinto of ester theta6l st was three months in captivity."—Ne ne p en t ou f The Earl of Harborough, at his re ' w hole e t olr Melton Mowbray, caused the rents of the dine , S cottage tenants on his estates at Wh isstul hen• to t ford, Saxby, and Teigh, to be returned. v BIRTHS. IQ abilioer. On the 26th of last June, at Bhooj, in the ',I ag„.',4o' dency, the wife of Major Skeffingt n 'Poole, 0 ' 3 , 4 ,, -)l ot P . " , Ha tl is t o h n e , l E B s th q., ill o St f a., daughter.a ChiSleh Urg°Kent, the h i "" • 0 ` , the On the 18th inst., at Combe Royal, Devonshire' fl e Zachary Mudge, Esq., of a son. d Da ber , , At Nailsea, Somersetshire, the lady of Edw. ( ,1 r At , oi of a son. Th e law A Do c: 7 n , t E h s e q 2 .. o o t f h a in s s o t n , s a l l D l - b o w o im n e . s , On the 19th inst., at Streatham Paragon , "- il l r ' „,„, BVe rit twins,Buller, 00 antt hah E eeb s 2o2 q oyo . , tth o ah f niii I:l e l:8tti. daughter. at H 0 the lady& J : ." 3"63 %s% au tcb, of wi f e of rnchurch, Mrs. J. - • the girl., ' at Clifton Villas, Maida_cale, dro e A. A. Mackey, Esq., of a son. of " On the 21st inst., in Iffoburn-place, the leaf - ef , 4# ' Atherton, Esq., barrister-at-law, of a daught e i r ,:dy of ' - 'd On the 21st inst., in Berkeley-square, th e '''.-- Smirke, Esq., of a son. ,•e• ----- a e or,, MARRIED. r ob, I,j(P' On the 25th of July, at the Holy Trinity ClVntesb 0' town, St. Vincent, West Indies, George blac."l-iter tague Browne, Esq., to Jean Mackay, eldest dO. if '3, M'Leod, Esq., of Tourama. Anal be On the Ist of August, at the parish church of s ti t ' dg e f to l , Jamaica, David Turnbull, Esq., her MajestY 's f the ' s Court o Mixed Commission, to Alice, daughter 0 Musson, Esq.. of Paynter-vale, Bermuda._ , se ott , ~,I,' On the 19th inst., at Clifton, Charles nen*, t he Il e M.D., of Sonthsea, to Susan, second daughter 0.! ~, 1 % S. Moncrieffe, M.A., Rector of Loxton, Soinest-boreaPpie On the 19th inst., at St. Mary's Church , S c r of t he Harris, Esq., of Coventry, to Elizabeth, &ug h tie ° T . Morris, Esq., of Carmarthen. 0 life3s , Q t e On the 19th inst., at the parish church , -.-- 3 3 f a ry L'' fa" Tomlin, Esq., solicitor, Richmond, Yorkshire, to w ile eldest daughter of the late J. E. Norris, Esq ., A jel r Halifax. pavi'i e On the 21st inst., at West Hoathley, Susses' of Greivet ning9, to Maria, third daughter of J. Turner , pe, c t och' o; Manor, West Hoathley, Sussex, Esq. of the '' - GO On the 21st inst., Lewis Phillips, E 6( 1", - Jo hn change, to Miss Jane, third daughter of 3 11. • old , , Ec i ,,,jo Langriclge, Nazing Essex, On the 21st inst.. : at St. George's, Ilanover-0(1.„°81)erl>P- Hogg, M.D., to Elizabeth, relict of the late JII. Esq., of the United States. _--- ~,ete-45 I)LED. On the 20'h • ' , inst., in Parklane, Lucy bo Dowager of Bradford, '- aged i 8. 0000Y,yer On the 14th inst., in Sloane-street,' Elizabeth mie, relict of the late It II b E f DishleP her R. oney orn, sq., o Elizabeth, vv 0 shire, aged 86. :0 , offr)ile , On the 17th inst., at Ramsgate, Cicelia Filgo'-potofi'hiylll' stone, Warwickshire, relict (.;t' J. E. Pilgrim, of ' - Dtl f );, On the 18th inst., at Burdon, near-Darlinftov, yorll, Margaret, relict of the late J. Waldo, ESCII. Cif .l.llllll el r etj On the 19th inst., Hannah, thewife of 111 r. Sainu roll of Hornse3 - - lane, Hghgate. h Dter maOr.,ilietbhoene2Vielrl, Mr. Jame; Classon, w inch e - ---- ~n n ye 1 1 j London: , Friated old. Published by Ml3 .o .""l'fice, If ' • ,',. 112,' Strand., Printer, at me Su" 0 c oP '''' - milt in the Precinct of the Savo!. in t il° Middlesex, Tstescias, September 241110* C' tare--] Star I ..—____ G Notie Premise will he hank a: 4, 111ng The r other 4( t Stptc •--___ 0 1 - ' Thos a Ppropr r egret o 4 , /1 al -1.4.-----C 7 , 1, 0 ,___ Ilate( ,____ C 1 Tar r r u %me venue ] " Can I hPply. ter. 12 !ru m found C i N o t 0,,„ Acid, the the I.4 th a de, at lit Shot *en ni K 4 Th