The Sun. — London, England, 1844-05-06 00:00:00

profession of the law. He did not, however, remain very long at his legal studies, but for two or three years he gave himself up to the charms of private life. This private life, however, began to cloy upon him, and he then suddenly conceived a passion for public lime, and became a violent Repealer, at a time, in justice to him it should be stated when repeal was not so fashionable as it had since become. During this time, at various pe riods and places, Mr. O'Brien applied the most offensive epithets to the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland he became so strong in his language that, at one meeting at the Corn Exchange, in Dublin, Mr. O'Connell would not allow him to proceed in his speech, and Mr. O'Brien left the hall in high disi leasure. Soon after this a change came over the spirit of Mr. O'Brien's dream. This was at the time that Mr. O'Con nell was the Lord Mayor of Dublin, and it so happened that Mr. O'Brien was summoned before that Learned Gentleman for payment of his servants' wages. (LEFT SPEAKING.) HOUSE OF COMMONS. The SPEAKER took the Chair at the usual hour. On the motion of Sir T. FREMANTLE, a new writ was ordered for the borough of Abingdon, in the room of Thomas Duffield, Esq., who since his election has accepted the office of steward of her Majesty's Chiltern Hundreds. Mr. MACKINNON presented a petition in favour of protection to agriculture. Mr. F. MAIILE and Mr. Ross presented petitions praying the House to legalise Presbyterian marriages. The Liverpool Fire Prevention Bill was reported. Mr. TRELAWNEY presented a petition from Corn wall, praying for a redaction of the duty on foreign sugar. LANCASTER AND CARLISLE RAILWAY. Lord GRANVILLE SOMERSET moved that the amendments made by the Lords to the Lancaster and Carlisle Railway Bill be referred to the following Mem bers, for their consideration and report, viz. :—Mr Est court, Mr. Miles, Mr. Strutt, Sir William Heathcote, Mr. Aglionby, Sir John Yarde Buller, Mr. Wilson Patten, Mr. Pendarves, Mr. Ord, Sir Robert Ferguson, and Mr. Cumming Bruce ; with power to send for persons, pa pers, and records.—Agreed to. Mr. DENNISTOUN presented a petition from the master cotton-spinners and power-loom cloth manufac turers of Glasgow, against any further interference with the hours of labour in factories; and a petition from the operative coopers of Glasgow, for the repeal of the duty on foreign staves. Mr. 1). HOWARD presented a petition from the operatives of Carlisle against any interference with the hours of labour in factories. Sir G. STRICKLAND presented petitions from Yorkshire against the Masters and Servants' Bill. Mr. HUME presented petitions from Montrose against the Inclosure Bill. Colonel RUSHBROOKE presented ten petitions against any alteration in the corn-laws. PRIVILEGE. Mr. B. COCHRANE rose to complain of a petition that had been presented by the Hon. Member for Roch dale (Mr. Sharman Crawford) some time since. He had been told by several persons that one half the signatures were forgeries, and he had been requested by several of his principal supporters to inquire by whom that petition was forwarded for presentation ? Mr. S. CRAWFORD said the Hon. Member had been kind enough to intimate to him that he intended to put the question, and he had searched all his papers to en deavour to find anything that would indicate the source from whence the petition came. That search had been wholly unsuccessful, and his memory did not serve him to say from whom the petition came. If the Honourable Member fo Bridport had sooner mentioned the case, he might have been able to give him some information on the subject which he was at pre• sent utterly unable to do. At the same time, if the Hon Member could point out any mode of discovering the parties, he should be happy to assist him in doing so. Mr. B. COCHRANE made some observations in ra • ply, but was called to order. Sir R. 11. INGLIS said the case presented prima facie evidence of a breach of privilege. The SPEAKER reminded the Hon. Gentleman that there was no question before the House. Sir R. H. ItrGLIS said it was for the purpose of rais ing a question that he addressed the House. The Honourable Member had been assured by some of his constituents that there were forged signatures attached to the petition. This was calculated to deprive petitions presented to that House of all their value. He did not know whether either of the Hon. Members in tended to make a motion, but the case was not unde serving the attention of the House. Mr. CRIPI'S stated that ten petitions which were presented on the Ten Hours' Bill, had the appearance of being all written and signed by the same person. Mr. HUME said that he believed there was a resolu tion that each petition should be examined by the clerk at the table, to see if it was right. The SPEAKER said that the resolution required that a Member of the House should sign his name to the petition, but that was not done. Mr. HUME thought the House ought to come to a resolution that no petition should be received till it was signed by the Member who presented it, who would therefore be responsible for it. He thought her Ma. jesty's Government should take the matter up ; but if they did not, he should have no objection to move a re solution of the kind.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. DARBY thought it would occasion a great loss of time if the clerk was obliged to examine every pe tition. Dr. BOWRING thought it would be sufficient if the Member was to give a character to the petition he pre sented by signing his name. After a few words from Mr. CRIPPS, the subjec dropped. NOTICES OF MOTIONS. POOR LAWS (IRELAND). Sir D. NORREYS gave notice of a motion for Thurs day next, on the subject of the poor-laws (Ireland). Mr. CURTEIS presented a petition from the Com missioners of Rye Harbour, praying that their rights might not be interfered with by any Inclosure Bill. Mr. ESCOTT gave notice that in Committee on the Ecclesiastical Courts Bill he would move the insertion of a clause to preserve the Court of the Archdeacon of Canterbury for the purpose of the probate of wills. In answer to a question from Mr. lIAWES respecting the Medical Relief Committee (as we understood), Lord ASHLEY said, that the delay of the report of the Committee was owing to the Committee having to go over so much ground, in which considerable time was occupied. The Committee was now actively engaged in pursuing, the requisite inquiries, and he trusted they would be quickly enabled to produce a highly valuable report. Dr. BOWRING said, seeing the Right Hon. Gentles man, the Chancellor of the Exchequer in his place, he begged to call his attention to a statement which he had made a few nights ago on the subject of marine insur ances. He stated that English underwriters were ex posed to severe competition in consequence of the vessels of foreign ports not having to pay brokerage. The Right Hon. Gentleman, however, told him that he had ROUSE OF LORDS. been misinformed. Now he had since ascertained that what he had stated was, in fact, correct. The Their Lordships met at Five o'clock. Senate of Hambergh took ss. in the shape of brokerage. The Bishbp o f LONDON presented petitions against The CHANCELLOR of the EXCHEQUER said the the Dissenters' Chapels Bill from Belfast. Hon. Gentleman had misrepresented what he said. The Earl of YARLOROUG /I presented a number of What he had said was, that there was a charge on petitions from places in Lincolnshire against any altera- marine insurances, and this statement he had made on tion in the corn-laws. good authority, namely, that of Lloyd's. The Hon. The Earl of STRADBROKE presented similar Gentleman said that it was not levied for the State, but petitions. in the shape of brokerage ; its being paid in the shape The Earl of WINCHELSEA presented 120 petitions of brokerage, he conceived, made no difference. to the same effect from Suffolk and Kent. IMPORT DUTIES. MEDICAL REFORM BILL. Lord MONTEAGLE gave notice that on Thursday In reply to a question from Mr. F. MAULS Sir J. GRAHAM said that the Medical Reform Bill next he should move that a Select Committee b e ap was in N G . B. a state of, preparation. IMPRISONMENT. preparation. pointed to inquire into the effect of protecting duties in IR the commerce of the country. Mr. ROEBUCK presented a petition from Mr. B. Lord CAMPBELL presented a number of petitions, Gregory complai • ' of the hardships to which he was praying their Lordships to legalise Presbyterian mar - subjected in his imprisonment in Newg ate upon a con riages in Ireland. viction for libel. H e was o confined n in a solitary cell. Lord BROUGHAM presented a petition from a per - having no bed but a mattress an iron frame,allowed to h with 'in son named Dennis, and M.A. complaining of his having sufficient covering, and th e on l y been committed to prison in Winchester, as a vagrant, was water-gruel. The Hon. and drinkLearned Memberwou li ld for having sold tracts in the street.—(Laughter.) take that opportunity of asking the Right Hon. Gentle- The Noble and Learned Lord laid on the table a Bill re- man the Secretary of State whether the gaol of Newgate gulating the law of Debtor and Creditor, which was read was un der his control ? and whether, if s o , the hardships a first time. of which the petitioner complained were suffered under Lord BEAUMONT laid on the table a Bill to place regulations imposed by the governor, or by some local Roman Catholics on the same footing as Dissenters, authority ? with respect to the law relating to charitable bequests. The petition was ordered to lie on the table. The English Debtors on the Continent .Bill passed Sir J. GRAHAM said, that having had notice of the through Committee, and was ordered to be read a third Hon. and Learned Gentleman's intention to present this tine on Monday next. petition, and put his question, he had inquired as to the Lord CA 'BELL then moved the second reading of particular facts of Mr. Gregory's case. He found that the Irish Debto - Will. Mr. Gregory had been convicted of a misdemeanour, and The Earl of. WICKLOW inquired why one Bill would that the offence was (under a statute passed in 1840) di mot do for the two countries. ~ vided into two classes, the first being subject to a less Lord CAMPBELL said the form of proceeding in punishment than the other. Immediately after the Ireland was diff e re n t t o w h a t it was i n E n land land , and ' se ntence was passed, Gregory moved the Court that he therefore two Bills were necessary. should be placed in the first class of offenders, but the After a f ew the Bin words from the LORD CHANCELLOR, Court positively refused the motion, and the petitioner tend a second time. The Maaswas placed in the second class, and subjected to the t ons in fa r v cl: l -4 ., s ofNORMANBY presented several peti- severer punishment. However, in consequence , of repre- Noble Marquis ..the Dissenters Chapel's Bill. The sentations that his health was suffering, an alteration as hich was app, z g a wished to know when the Committee was made in his treatment. He was not kept in solitary jest of Presbytertaiadn last session to inquire into the sub- confinement—he was placed in a room of a better Marriages in Irelind would meet kind—was allowed a fire, and many other in again.Th e LORI:a dulgences, which would not be allowed to prisoners present answer the qu est i on. Ci"-NCELLOR said he could . not at of the same class, except upon the representation The Marquis of NORTHAMPT ON that their health was impaired by their c onfinement. presented a peti- His diet was under the direction of the med ical officer. tion from the Art Union of Lon don nn i o praying the House Special directions had been given to the medical prac ro pass a bill to legalise the Art titioner who attended the prison to visit Mr. Gregory Lord WHARNCLIFFE laid on the of England.he tableoi the once every fortnight, and to report to the Home - office, House the report of the Committee which had and so far from the health of Mr. Gregory having been pointed to watch the progress of the building of *a ge impaired by his protracted confinement, he was better Houses of Parliament. He stated, that upon the o C mittee going over the Honks of Parliament, they '4E; now than when he was first confined.—(Laughter.) In , to carrying the law into execution, it had not been cdvered that Mr. Barry the architect had thought fit to extend any indulgence to Mr. Gregory departed very much from the regulations 1 beyond th a t w hi c h was ex t en d e d i n or di nar y cases , an d which were originally la id down b y the Committee. The 1 , unless it should be represented to him that the pro- Noble Lord gave notice that he should call the atten- t racte d confinement of Mr. Gregory, under these circum stances, lion of the House to the subject on Thursday. dN owtDouulsdhcobTr OF POLICE MAGISTRATES.e te d n t a i ngerous to his life, he should not be THE APPOINTMENT OF M R. O'BRIEN. pp The Marquis of CLANRIC ARDE then rose to call the attention of the House to the appointment of Mr. Mr. HORSMAN wished to ask the Right Honourable O'Brien, as a stipendiary magistrate in Ireland. Al - Baronet if he had received any information on the though this itattleman had very recently ex p ressed very i sub j ect of the conduct of a police magistrate in adjudi strong Opinions in favour of the repeal of the Legislative , eating upon a case whi c h had been brought before union between England and Ireland. Altho u g h this him. The case was this:—it appeared that a private appointment might be considered as a trifling matter, in the Grenadier Guards had accosted a female in the l t yet be could assure the House that in Ireland such a p • . street, who had just left her house ; t hat , being f l *gh r ' intments were matters of the utmost importance. The : e ned, she returned towards her home • that she was . M'deolisideration ofaGovernmentinmakingsuch appoint - : p ursued by the soldier, who entered her house with her, saent'ought to be informed as to the character and stand-' threatened her, and assaulted her; that she screamed itatteof the person to be appointed ; for the peaceable 1 " Murder," struggled, and fainted. On the investigation of certain parts of Ireland depended, in a very large ' of these charges before the magistrate, the facts were not degree' upon t -.^h., , person who filled the office of stipendiary denied, but th e man p leaded that he was intoxicated, a nd magistrate. - /f _the i e h House , e case to which he was then calling the magistrate , in ad j udicatin g on the case, said that, the attention o think could for_ w as one w hi c h h e did tic! ; taking into consider ation the circumstance that the man ' .r a moment be d e f en d e d by th e G overn - ' was ctra2k, he should only im p ose a fine of 10s. He ment. H originally intended by hi s was 28 years, and w a s ' w i s h e d to ask the ...,,_ ' Po•ht Hon. Gentleman if his attention parents for the I had been drawn to the ease f . . TATTERSALL'S.-THIS EVENING. QUARTER TO SIX O'CLOCK. SUFFOLK STAKES. 6 to 4 agot The Cure 2 to I apt Minotaur DERBY. 5 to 2 agst Rattan 3 to 1 agst Ugly Buck 10 to 1 agst Leander 18 to 1 agst lonian 25 to 1 agst Running Rein 27 to 1 agst Computer.) 27 to 1 agst Bay Momus 30 to 1 agst King of the Gipsies—taken 30 to 1 agst Mount Charles—taken OAKS. 7 to 1 agstßarricade 7 to 1 agst Sister to Martingale 11 to 1 agst Crenoline 12 to 1 agst Merope IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. (THIS EVENING.) 12bittton SUN OFFICE, Seven o'Clock. • THE LATE MURDER AT BATTERSEA. ADJOURNED INQUEST. This being the day appointed by Mr. Carter, the Conner for Surrey, for Ole further examination of evidence touching the death of Sarah Eleanor M'Farlane, who met her death by the hand of violence on Monday the 29th ult., the Swan Hotel where the inquest was appointed was thronged long before the hour of meeting, in consequence of a report having gone abroad, that the supposed murderer Dalmas, would be brought before the Coroner ; and that he would attempt to establish an alibi. In this expectation, the wonder seekers were disappointed, for no arrangement had been entered into with the magistrate at Wandsworth (Mr. Clive) by Mr. Carter to ensure his attendance. After the jurors' names had been read over, the Coroner proceeded to read the evidence already adduced. Frances Scott was examined—l am a single woman, re siding at 9, Bolton-place, Upper Church-lane, Chelsea. I am in the service of Mrs. D'Oyley, and on the night of Monday week a girl came into the house as servant. The girl pow present (pointing to Augusta Dalmas) is the person. Superintendent Bicknell—l must really have some clear ance in Court for the admission of witnesses. Mr. CARTER—My Court is an open one ; but I am sure that the gentlemen, present will give every accommodation to witnesses. Examination, of witness continued—The girl arrived at Mrs: D'Oyley's at half-past eight at night in company with a female. They proceeded down stairs to the kitchen, re mained there about ten minutes, and then bade each other good bye. I let the female whe accompanied her out of the front door, and also out of the gate of the small garden. I did not observe her join any one, but I saw a man walking on the opposite side of the road, as if he were waiting for somebody. The person seemed coming to the gate, but when it was opened by me he went away again. I could not perceive whether his coat was black or blue, as it was rather dark, and I did not see his face sufficiently well to identify him. By a juror—l did not see who brought the girl's boxes. The first time I saw the boxes was when the females came to the door. • TlieS , had the boxes then in their hands. By the CORONER—I did make a remark to the female that her husband was waiting outside, but the girl said, "No, he is my. father." Sergeant Lynes, 5 V—About twenty minutes to nine o'clock on last Monday evening. The last witness *as recalled, and in answer to the Coroner, thought that the time when she let the female out was about a quarter to nine. Sergeant Lytres—l saw a man at that time walking up and down in Bolton-place, and he was looking very anxiously towards No. 9in that row of houses. I looked very hard at him in passing, and went round the corner of Black-place, and stood there to watch him. At the time when the three quarters past eight was striking I saw a woman leaving No. 9, and this man then went over the road and met her. They took arms, and went towards the Queen's Elms, Ful ham-road. When I found what he was waiting for I didn't watch him any longer. I noticed that he was dressed in black. Mr. CARTER—Do you see the man here? Witness (look ing round him)--.I don't see him, Sir; but I should know him out of fifty. Mr. Caarrita (to the jurymen)—You see the position I am placed in. Here is a witness who can speak to the identity of the prisoner, and yet the accused person is not here. (To Mr. Superintendent Bicknell)—The man Dalmas is in cus tody, is he not ? Superintendent Bicknell—He is, Sir. Mr. CARTER—I have no wish to parade any man, but I think it is highly necessary that the prisoner should have been brought here. It would then have appeared on my notes that the man Dalmas had been identified by this -wit ' ness•as the person waiting in Bolton place. • . " • Elizabeth Shepley, widow, and barmaid with 'Mr. Theo ...dore, of !the Stag, Fulham-road.—On Monday night, April 29, I was attending behind the bar, about half-past nine, when two persons came in, a male and female The female _had on a light gown and straw bonnet. The man— - • • Mr. CARTER, to the Superintendent—lt is absolutely ne eessaiy, for the guidance of the jury, that the prisoner should be brought here to be identified. We have a public duty to perform, and it is necessary that it should be done pro perly. I thirik I shall be under the necessity of adjourning the Court until the man supposed to be guilty is brought before us. I. do not suppose that the Magistrate would go into an cx parte statement, and I cannot see that this Court should do so, Mr. Superintendent Bicknell could say nothing on the subject. The conversation was then allowed to drop. Mr. Parkins, whose evidence has been already given in The Sua,was then called.—He added to his former statement that in his exclaiming " Good God, the woman will bleed to death," the deceased seemed to reply, "Oh dear I" He did not at any time hear her say who had inflicted the injury. By a juror.--He was standing up at the time Mr. Gosling and the policeman asked who had committed the injury. They were stooping and could hear her reply, but he did not. • Langton, 36 V, was next examined, and his evidence read over.—He was positive the weman knew she was in a dying state when she mentioned that " Dalmas had done it." Mr. Messenger Was called.—He had seen the prisoner at Wandsworth, but could not swear that he had seen him on 'ffie brfilitek Sergeant Cummings, 3 D, said a person gave himself into his custody on the morning of Saturday: He lad never seen him betbre to his knowledge. He is not here. Exa mined him in the. station- house, and found no instrument upon him. - Strangers were then ordered to withdraw, and, on our ad mission, we found Mr. Carter addressing the jurymen. He recapitulated the chief features of the case, and dwelt con siderably upon those portions of the evidence which seemed to point to the man in custody as the person who had com mitted the murder. — Aft6r an address of considerable length, strangers were ordered to withdraw, and, on their admission, it was an nounced that the jury had found a verdict of " Wilful Murder against Augustus !Mmes." Mr. CARTER said that the jury had, upon full deliberation, returned the above verdict; but it would have been much more satisfactory to have had the prisoner before them: A Court of Directors was held at tho East India House this day, when Lieut.-General the Right Hon. - Sir Henry Hardinge, K.C.8., was appointed unani mously Governor-General of India. THE SUN, ONDON„ ISIONDA,Y EVENING, MAY 6, 1844. giv J. GRAHAM §aid that his attention had been called to the case and he had referred to the magistrate, and asked for his explanation. It was true as had been stated, that the soldier was intoxicated; that some signals had passed between him and the woman ; that she had returned home and locked the door ; that he had broken down the door and offered violence to her ; that she had screamed, on which her neighbours entered and rescued her ; the soldier had been given into custody, and the charge had been brought before a police magistrate. The charge entered on the sheet was that of Mary Brown, 4, street, Westminster, for breaking in her door, value one shilling. The magistrate on heariag the case was satisfied that the man was intoxicated, and that he had misunderstood the woman entirely in con sequence of what had passed between them in the street. The door was an extremely slender one, and the lock was so worn as t) offer no resistance. The magistrate was not satisfied as to the extent of the violence com mitted, and therefore did not feel justified in dealing with the prisoner as for a graver offence. He might certainly have committed the prisoner for an aggravated assault, but under all the circumstances of the case—especially re ferring to what had previously taken place in the street, and that the actual damage was valued only at a shilling —the magistrate considered the justice of the case would be met by the penalty . imposed. With respect to the charge that the magistrate had made drunkenness a plea in extenuation of the offence, the Hon. Member for Cockermouth (Mr. Horsman), taking his information from the newspapers, had been greatly misled. A statement he held in his hand from Mr. Jar dine distinctly denied this,' and asserted on the contrary that he (Mr. Jardine) could not allow such a plea to weigh for one moment with him in the adj udica tion of punishment.—(Hear, hear.) Mr. HORSMAN considered the explanation of the Right Hon. Gentleman was perfectly satisfactory, and that from the latter portion of it especially great public good would accrue. Messengers from the Lords brought down several Bills. which I allude. I am afraid there is not an universal agreement as to what is in this country the standard, and what merely constitutes the measure, of value. I invite discussion on that first and preliminary question, the foundation of all value. I want to ask what is, by the law and practice of this country, its measure of value ; what is that which de termines all contracts ? I strip this question of all merely technical phrases, I want to consider it in a popular point of view. The denomination of value is a pound; I will not talk of measures of value, I speak only of that with which your are in the everyday . occurrences of life perfectly familiar, an d my first question is, what is a pound, and what is the engagement to pay a pound? and unless you are agreed upon that, it is in vain to attempt to legislate upon this subject. If a pound is a mere visionary fiction, a fiction which does not exist either in theory or value, in that case another class of measures relating to paper currency will be necessary. But if the word " pound," a common denomination of value, signifies something more than a mere visionary fiction ; if a pound mean a quantity of the precious metals, of certain weight and certain fineness ; if that be the definition of a pound, another class of mea sures relating to paper currency will be requisite. Now, the whole foundation ofmy measures rests upon the assumption that according to practice, according to law, according to the ancient monetary poli c y o f thi s coun t r y, the meaning of a pound is neither more nor less than a cer tain definite quantity of gold, with a mark upon it to define its weight and fineness, and that the engagement to pay a pound means nothing, and can mean nothing else than the promise to pay to the holder on demand a definite quantity of the precious metal.—(Hear, hear.) Therefore, I ask, what is the meaning of a pound ac cording to the ancient monetary policy of this country ? The origin of the term was this :—ln the reign of Wil liam the Conqueror a pound of silver was the pound of account. The pound represented both the weight of metal and the denomination of money. By successive debasements of the currency a great alteration was made, not in the main, but in the intrinsic value of the pound sterling ; and it was not until a late period of the reign of Queen Elizabeth that silver, then being the standard of value, received that determinate weight which it retained, without variation, with constant refusals to alter it, until the year 1716, when gold was substituted for silver as the exclusive standard of value. But the standard of value observed up to the year 1716 was that fixed in 1567. In the year 1717 the value of the guinea was determined to be 215., and for a certain period both gold and silver constituted the standard of value. But in the year 1774, it was enacted that no debt should be discharged in silver for more than 25/., and then, in some measure, gold became the standard of value, and continued so until the year 1797, when that fatal measure, the Bank Restriction Act, was passed—(Cheers)—and parties were permitted to issue paper at their discretion, not convertible into coin. That led not only to a new course of practice in monetary:affairs, but to new theories and notions as to the standard of value.—(Cries of " Hear, hear.') From the year 1797 to 1810 the public mind was satisfied with these theories ; and it was not until the latter year, that men of sagacity, observing that the exchanges had been for a considerable period unfavourable to this coun try—more so than could be accounted for by what was called the balance of trade—invited the attention of the Government and the Parliament to the subject,- and a Committee was appointed by this House to investi gate the matter. Various opinions were suggested by the persons examined • but it was generally main tained that the p ou nd sterling meant a definite quantity of the precious metals, and that those persons who pro mised, in their issues of paper, to pay a pound sterling, were bound to pay that definite quantity of gold or silver.—(Hear, hear.) That opinion was very much contested, and the House of Commons was not very wil ling to acquiesce in it. From 1797 up to that period (1810) the prevailing opinion of the public was that the opinion was a mere visiouary speculation, and that something other than a particular weight of the precious metal s e must be understood by . a pound sterling. Mr. Horner, and those who agreed with him, published their opinions ; but, Sir, I must do them the justice to say, that they did state what they meant by a pound sterling. They gave their definition; which, I must also say has not been the case with gentlemen who have published pamphlets upon the monetary question of late years. They never tell us what they mean by a pound sterling.—(Hear, hear.) One of thema said, a pound may be defined to be " a sense of value in reference to currency as compared with commodity."— (A laugh.) Now as that did not appear to be a very intelligiole definition, another writer, who fancied that some better definition was needed a pound, than that it was " a sense of value in reference to currence as compared with commodity," gave this definition. The standard, (said he,) is a unit, and the numerical value of that unit is the interest of 33/. 6s. Bd. at three per cent.—(Laughter)--Ithat- being aid. and that which being paid in a bank-note :nay be styled money of account." I will only trouble the House with one more quotation, the last definition with which I skall trouble the House, of the standard of value as given at that period is this, " the standard is neither gold nor silver but something set up by the imagination to be regulated by public opinion"—(Laughter)—and it was supposed at that time that the doctrines propounded by the Bullion Committee were visionary theories, which had never been acted in the foriner mone tary history of the country. This, however, was not the case, as any one will perceive who will refer to the works of writers on the currency who flourished before the year 1797. Mr. Locke, Sir William Petty, all those who wrote before 1797, and who had never been familiar with an inconvertible paper currency, advocated the same principles that were advo cated by the Bullion Committee. Mr. Harris, an officer of the Mint, who wrote about one hundred years since, said—" All countries have established a certain standard of weight and fineness for their several species of coin. In England a certain quantity of fine silver is appointed to be the standard." He was writing at the time when silver was the standard in England, " and all payments abroad are regulated by the course of exchange that is founded on the intrinsic value of the metal and not on the name." Thus this gentleman, who wrote nearly a hundred years ago, laid down the a t n ru ti e eip p a ri t n h c m ip e le f t r h e e sp e e e c n t - - day. He inH e said, " 'We may alter, ,We may break it i frn con troversies ee thersi es please,ef measureo theur presentodenominationof value. d, public faith if we like, but foreigners will make ample allowances for whatever we may do in that way." And however we may rob and cheat one another, they will secure themselves, and make an advantage of our distress by causing the exchanges to be against us." That was written one hundred I have and fifty quoted yy e e t a ed years ago, ntai a n n s d w w y h n o P le ini t ° r n ue ticiepassage doctrine of the stand a rd contains t i h n e of value.—(Hear, bear.) I wish I cou ld sa y th ese elementary principles were genera l ly accepted. But it has been my duty to read different publications, and I am perfectly convinced that whilst there is an universal discussion of this question, there is no agreement as to what constitutes the standard of value. Men surely give proofs of their knowledge and sincerity when they publish octavo volumes.—(Hear, and laughter.) Here is a book published in Bir minghain—(loud laughter) —and dated the 25th of Jan. 1844.—(Continued laughter.) I wish to do justice to all that I really do believe than Birmingham you p th a a r t ties in and any therefore ether ltow sa n might in vain look for such a publication.—(Great laughter.) And further I w ill __ Say that until book was published I did not believe it was in the power of any one man to write such a quantity of non • sense.—(Cheers, and great laughter.) The production is genuine.— (Laughter.) It is because such non sense" as this is published, that I am most anxious the] different principles contended for should be thoroughly tested and understood. The writer of such books as this laughs at the notion that we are to have the standard of value now which we had three hundred years ago. They sayi the commercial and mercantile transactions have so increased now to what they w ere in the time of Elizabeth, that we show a great want of knowledge in maintaining the standard as it is. Why there would be just as much sense in saying that, with our increased pcylation, our various railways, and the many new circumstances which attend our position, that we now ought to have six teen inches to a foot.—(Laughter and cheers.) There is no more reason why you should not say that the pound should be the standard of value than you should say that a foot should be a foot and a half. But then it is said that it is a great injustice to allow the Bank to issue gold at '3l. 17s. lOid. an ounce. What is the meaning of their doing so ? Why, it is no more or less than this, that it was the relation that silver bore to gold with respect to value. If a calculation was made it will be fouud that the relation that gold bears to silver is 15 and 2-13ths to one. But, then, it is said, why skould not tho Bank issue gold at the rate of 5/. the ounce—that is to say that 5/. should be equiva lent to 3t. t 75.101 d., but when you came to tell the foreigner that an ounce of gold represents 51. The foreigner will sal he will not be bound by such a medium'. You might raise the value of the sovereign to two or three and twenty shillings, but there will be no corresponding value in other parts. The present market value of gold to silver differs very little now to what was established in the reign of George the Third. Silver is ss. per ounce, certainly not ss. 2d., but the relative value of gold to silver differs very little from what it has been. Those who contend for a relaxation of the currency, contend, and rightly, that an abundance of the precious metals, though it would not alter the value of gold to gold, yet it would have an influence on prices which would act in favour of the debtor. But 1 very much doubt, looking at the increased supply of gold from Russia and other places, that even if they took off the pressure altogether, they would procure a relaxation of contracts by adopting silver for our currency instead of gold. The third objection is this—that it it most unwise to take so considerable an article as gold to serve for the purposes of coin, because it is also an article of commerce. And wise men write pamphlets to show that we have taken gold as our coin, and to serve as our measure of value, which es bullion and as an article of commerce it is likely to bo taken out of the country. Now I maintain that it is ,just because gold is an article of commerce—(Hear, hear)-- subjected to the same laws which govern other articles of commerce that it is fit to be made the standard. Because precisely the same laws as regulate the import and the possession of all other articles of com merce regulates the import and the possession by this country of gold. Bullion is distributed according to certain laws which we may not well under stand. It is distributed over several conntries, according to the several necessities of each country ; according to principles which the people of those countries do not, perhaps, dive into; but in general I contend that the supply of bullion is regulated by the same principle which governs other articles of trade. Some say when we have a deficient harvest, and there is a great demand for corn, all our corn leaves the country because we have no other manufactured article at the time to send in exchange for it, But I believe that bullion has rather a preference over coin for that purpose ; because the ex porters have a guarantee that it is of a certain weight and fineness Depend upon it, coin will never be sent out of the country, unless it is more profitable to send it. When corn is dearer compared with other :articles, the fact that the laws which govern it, are exactly the same, is proved by this, that when there is a sudden demand for corn or anything else ; if it is more profitable to send woollen, or cot ton, or other manufactures in exchange for it, they will be sent out of the country instead of gold. Therefore coin and bullion are identically the same, and there is no reason why coin should be exported in exchange more than any other article whatever. I have now stated the great elementary truth which I apply to the measure. Now. if there are contradictions I want them to be pointed out by a clear and definite statement on the other side.—(Hear, hear.) I do not bewilder you by any measures of value. I have taken a pound. But I object to the obligation which Hon. Gentlemen might impose upon me of reading a pamphlet, or perhaps an octavo, stating what the definition of a pound is ; the real fact is, that though these are great truths, yet occasionally there are small occurrences which appear to be contradictions of them ; and if there are small facts and circumstances which are not easily explained, ingenious writers take advantage of them, and say ". these do not conform to your great principles, and therefore your principles are not true." Why, when Sir Isaac Newton deduced the truth that the great planetary - movements were owing to the great principles of gravitation, there came slight phenomena and disturbances which he could not recon cile; in the course of time, subsequent philosophers detected his slight errors, and reconciled all those phenomena and disturbances to the original of the principle. So that that which at first appeared to be a contradiction, turned out to be a confirmation of the truth, and so it will be here too.—(Hear.) Depend upon it, if you had every cirumstamce—everything tending to some apparent deviation fully - explained you would find it would not clash with the great truth originally laid down. If these principles are correct, it would be con sistent with them to establish some other measure o f value than that which you have taken. You might con sistently with those principles, if you were at li' berty to decide f.r a new state of society, adop a silver instead of a gold standard. You might, i f you thought it desirable, adopt a new metal All the writers of authority on the subject—Sir W. Petty, Mr. Locke, Mr. Harris, and Lord Coke—were all decidedly in favour of a single standard of value. Mr. Locke was of opinion that silver ought to be the metal selected for the standard of value. He assigned reasons which appear to me to be erroneous, why silver instead of gold should be taken as the stand ard of value. But as your transactions have been for so long a period of time founded upon a single metal, and that metal gold, and as you have determined that it should perform the functions of the lower order throughout at least England and Wales, I do hope that nothing will induce this Rouse to disturb that monetary system. That which we have now is in exact conformity with the opinions of the ablest writers on the subject, and who wrote under a different system, and in conformity with the opinion of the greatest recent authority on the sub ject relative to coin—l mean the first Earl of Liverpool, and he, in his letter to the Kink, which, I think, contains as much truth and sound sense on the subject as any publication that ever ernanat,ql from the press. k LEFT SPEAKING.) LAW INTELLIGENCE. CONSISTORY COURT, May 4. LORD DYSART V. LADY DYSART. This case craw on for hearing on Saturday, before Dr. Lushington, and the arguments, no doubt, must occupy some days longer. Lord Dysart sues his wife for restitution of conjugal rights. Lady Dysart pleads cruelty in many forms as a reason why she ought not to be compelled to return to cohabitation. The libels on both sides are voluminous, and set forth the complaints of the several parties. They were married in 1819, and lived together, with intermissions, until 1837. The alle gations of Lady Dysart plead a variety of circumstances in proof of cruelty; that though at first the husband had 3,0001. a year, and when he came to his title 30,0001. a year, he lived in a manlier not suited to their rank ; that his residences, in more than one in s t ance , were almost without furniture ; that in one house there was no bedstead, her Ladyship being compelled to sleep upon a mattress upon the floor. The pro visions were served out by his Lordship, and the Earl and a boy servant had on various occa sions, washed the clothes. There were many items, such as these, and in some oases extreme viol-nce is asserted to have been used by his Lordship towards his wife. In replication, Lord Dysart denies those charges, and asserts that he was anxious for retirement, that the conOuct of his wife had compelled him occasionally to restrain her, and that the evidence in support of the charges was sustained principally by one witness. The Counsel for Lord Dy sart had not yet been heard; but, in opening, they stated that the husband was compelled to adopt the course he had dime in order to proitet himself from debts con tracted by the wife. During the whole of the day the junior counsel was heard for her Ladyship against being compelled to return to cohabitation, and the evidence of the witness in support of her suit was commented upon at very considerable length, and with a small portion of acrimony. In consequence of the length to which the case is likely to extend, and as the other side has not yet been heard, the charges against Lord Dysart being all denied, time must be given for the case to proceed to its termination. POLICE INTELLIGENCE. (SATURDAY.) MANSION-HOUSE. A broker, of the name of Brown, who resides at No. 95, Long-alley, Thshopsgate, was summoned before the Lord Mayor for having extorted the sum of ss. 6d. from a poor young woman, named Ellen Myers, who earns a livelihood by hard application to shoebinding. The defendant appeared very confident of throwing the girl over the bridge. Ellen Myers said, that unfortunately she had con tracted a debt with her landlord for rent to the amount of 45., and Mr. Brown was sent to distrain. Capel, the defendant's man, called at nine o'clock and told the com plainant that if she could contrive to pay the amount in twenty minutes no expenses would attach. She imme diately ran off to borrow from her friends, and returned within the time specified; but a sum of ss. 6d. addi tional was demanded, and Brown threatened to sell off all her goods if she refused to pay the whole sum of 9s. 6d. With the utmost difficulty she raised the amount, and paid it to Brown, who would not deduct a farthing from his demand. Being in great necessity, it occurred to her that the Lord Mayor would interfere to get back the amount of the unjust demand. The LORD MAYOR—Let me have it proved that the broker's man presumed to make any extra demand if you paid the original sum in twenty minutes. A lodger in the house, to whom the complainant had applied for a small loan, stated that the complainant told her that the broker's man had made her the promise, and that she had returned within the period specified. The witness, however, did not hear the agree ment made. The defendant said he had given directions to dis train, at the desire of her landlord, and as she had been too late, by nearly five minutes, it was proper to demand the expenses.—(Here several persons in the justice room expressed their most contemptuous indignation.) The Complainant—He was not satisfied my Lord, with making me pay, but a little while ago he said he would be even with me, and do for me, and I am afraid he will. Capel, the broker's man, said he acted entirely by the direction of his employer. The LORD MAYOR—Did you not tell this poor woman that if she brought the rent to you in twenty minutes there should be no expenses ? Capel—Certainly I did, but she was three minutes too late.—(Loud expressions of resentment.) Complainant—l solemnly declare that I was back within the time. I ran fit to kill myself. Capel—Her landlady showed me that she was three minutes and four seconds too late, and I was obliged to make the demand. Brown—My Lord, the landlord wants to get rid of her, for she is a bad 'Mn. Complainant—l refer you to the respectable gentle men, my Lord, who have employed me for years for my character. I had paid my landlady four shillings but the night before, and I never expected such cruel treat ment. The LORD MAYOR —This broker has acted with great ialeueeminity to you, soul I very much regret that Lea.nuot. punish him upon this charge. However, I think I can secure you from the apprehension of any violence. I call upon you, defendant, to find bail to keep the peace towards this poor woman for twelve months. Defendant—Find bail for what ! The LORD MAYOR—For having threatened the com plainant; and if you do not find bail you shall go to prison. —(Laughter.) His Lordship then gave ss. 6d. to the complainant to relieve her, and the advance of rent for a week, at the end of which he desired she would remove to some place in which there was no such inhu manity existing. LAMBETH -STREET. Dennis Driscol, was brought up for final examination on a charge ofcommitting a murderous assaulton his wife. The wife exhibited much reluctance at being sworn, saying it was more her own fault than " Denny's," and that she would not hurt him for the wealth of the " Inges." She was at length sworn, but made all sorts of evasions to avoid answering those questions the re plies to which must affect her husband, and kept fre quently repeating that it was more her own fault than his. Mr. NORTON told her she deserved a much better partner than the man at the bar. The offence was as bad as any that had come before him for some time, and _ _ it was alinost a miracle he had not killed her with the desperate blow he had inflicted with the poker while she was in bed. It would, however, be useless to send him for trial after the reluctance exhibited to give evidence against him by his wife ; but yet he should not escape the utmost punishment that the law allowed him, Mr. Norton, to inflict. The prisoner was then convicted in the penalty of 51., or in default of payment to two months' imprisonment in the House of Correction.—The prisoner, not being able to pay the penalty, was locked up. TUE MONSTER BELL.—Subscriptions amounting to about 800 i have been received towards the great bell at York, which is to be christened the Great Peter Bell. It is to weigh ten tons and not eight, as at first intended. A gentleman subscriber has offered an additional sub scription of IL for every cwt. above eight tons, con sequently by this alteration he will have 401. more to pay.—Leeds Times. Cumous CIRCUMSTANCE.—An old tea kettle having been thrown away into the plantation belonging to Mrs. Batten, of this town, was, last week, found to contain a robin's nest, with five healthy young birds i n it.-- Somerset County Gazette. LITERARY ASSOCIATION OF THE FRIENDS OF POLAND. The annual general meeting of this Association was held on Friday, at their rooms, Sussex Chambers, Duke street, St. James's, and was numerously attended. Amongst the noblemen and gentlemen present were Lord D. C. Stuart, Vice-President ; Lord Robert Grosvenor, Lord Foley, Lord Kinnaird, the Hon. Mountstuart Elphinstone, the Hon. Col. L. Stanhope, R. M. Miles, Esq., M.P. ; Wynn Ellis, Esq., M.P., G. A. Young, Esq. ; Frederick Pijou, Esq. ; Edward Beale, Esq., and Samuel Rogers, Esq., the venerable poet. On the motion of Col. L. STANHOPE, seconded by W. A. SMITH, Esq., Lord DUDLEY C. STUART took the chair, and called on the Hon. Secretary to read the report of the Council, which congratulated the Association on the increasing interest of the country in the cause of Poland, and stated that their efforts for the assistance of the refu gees during the last year had not been unsuccessful. The ball at Guildhall, on the 15th of November, which was attended by a brilliant assembly of the rank and beauty of the land, had produced 620/, after paying all expenses. An occurrence had taken place in the mean time which the Council could not refer to without re gret. Whilst Lord Dudley Stuart was engaged in the preparations for the ball, he received a letter from Major Beniowski, informing him that there was a design to take his (Lord Stuart's) life. But it was the opinion of the Council and of the Noble Lord himself that the threats to which Majorßeniowski referred were less the result of a deliberate conspiracy than the ebulli tion of feeling on the part of an irritated individual.— His Lordship was assailed in coming into the Sussex Chambers by a Pole, whose application for assistance to the Association had not been as successful as he had sup posed it ought to be. The ball, however, in spite of the attempts which had been made to disparage the Asso ciation and its objects, by persons who put forth the claims of our own poor in an invidious contrast with those of the refugees, was nearly as numerously attended as that of the previous year. The Association could not express in terms too strong its gratitude to the eminent artists who gave their gratuitous assistance on that oc casion.—(Applause.) The ball, as we understood, took place on the three-hundredth anniversary of the Coper nican system, which Colonel Szyrrca, had proved to be not of German, but of Polish origin. The report then alluded to the case of the Polish seamen, who availed themselves of the opportunity which was afforded them of escaping from the Russian naval service, into which they had been impressed, when the ship of war, the Laertes, was driven into an English port by stress of weather. Out of the whole number of fourteen impressed men, ten had escaped ; and although the Council of the Association had not interfered to prevent their being given up to the Russian captain, yet they were prepared, if they had seen it necessary, to move the Court of Queen's Bench to protect these men.—(Applause.) In reference to the recent cruel proceedings of the King of Prussia towards the Polish emigrants who had settled in his dominions, the Council expressed their conviction that the King was deceived by the machinations of Russian agents, and that the day was not far distant when he would see that it was not best for Prussia to continue in her thraldom, and that it would be wise to sacrifice some portion of his dominions (such as the Polish provinces) to secure her indepen dence. The report next proceeded to review the late occurrences in Servia, where the intrigues of Russia had been frustrated by the independent spirit of the people. Through the interposition of Lord Sandon the Chancellor of the Exchequer had consented to take upon the Government grant one of the refugees de pendent on the Association for every three that fell off. In the course of the last year the Association had lost two of their most valuable supporters—Mr. C. B. Sheridan and Sir Francis Burdett.—(Hear, hear.) An other friend also had died last year (Mr. Handley, we understood), end left to the Association 4001. The re port concluded by expressing the warm gratitude of the Council to the Lord Mayor and Corporation of London, to Lord D. C. Stuart, their Graces the Duke and Duchess of Sutherland, and other noble and generous friends of Poland. On the motion of Mr. MOUNTSTUART ELPHINSTONE, seconded by Mr. MONCETON MILNES, the report was adopted, with great applause. Col. LEICESTER STANHOPE then moved the second resolution, which was a vote of thanks to the Duchess of Kent, the Duke de Nemours, and the other distin guished personages who had patronised the ball at Guildhall. The Hon. and Gallant Gentleman heartily concurred in the sentiments expressed in the resolution ; and he felt that it was matter of the highest congratu lation to the Poles and their friends that the cause of Poland was so warmly taken up by the persons who held the most distinguished rank in this country, Lord FOLEY seconded the resolution, which was car ried with much applause. Mr. T. CHISHOLM ANSTEY moved the next resolution, which vas one of thanks to the Noble Lord in the chair, Lord Dudley Stuart, and the other noblemen and gentlemen who superintended the arrangements for the ball in January in so judicious and successful a manner. Captain TOWNSHEND, R.N., in seconding the resolu tion, said that it was not necessary to offer any argu ment in that place to enforce the sentiment expressed in that resolution.—(Hear, hear.) Every member of the Association was well aware how much the Poles and the Polish cause owed to the ardour, zeal, and perseverance of the Noble Chairman.—(Applause.) The resolution was passed unanimously, and with great applause. Lord ROBERT GROSVENOR next moved a resolution, to the effect that the thanks of the Association be cor•• dially given to the Lord Mayor and Common Council of the City of London, for the use of the Guildhall in November last, and other kin3ness and aid to the friends of Poland. Mr. ADAMS SMITH seconded the resolution, which, like the preceding, was carried unanimously, and with applause. Mr. WYNN ELLIS then moved, and Mr. JOHNSON seconded, a resolution of thanks to the professional ladies and gentlemen who gave the Association the powerful aid of their distinguised talents at the late ball. The resolution was passed by acclamation. T. W. BEAUMONT, Esq., M.P., was then unanimously re-elected President; and the Vice- Presidents, Lords Pan :mire, D. C. Stuart, Scarborough, and Breadalbane were re-elected ; and the following Noblemen and Gentle men were elected members of the Council in the room of those members who retired, according to their rota tion :—Lord Elphinstone, Milner Gibson. Esq., M.P.; C. Dickens, Esq.; Viscount Sandon, M.P.; Lord Kinnaird, David Ross, M.P.; 11. M. Milner, M.l'.; llon. Spencer Cowper, Hon C. T. Clifford, Captain James Towns hend, The meeting was then addressed in eloquent speeches by Lord Dudley Stuart, Captain Jatlonski, the Cheva lier Wierewski, and other gentlemen, who referred in strong terms to the expected visit of the Emperor of Russia to this country, and concurred in the opinion that it would be the most becoming course to be pursued by the friends of Poland here to refrain from any strong expression of feeling towards that Sovereign whilst he remained the guest of our Sovereign. The meeting separated at a late hour, having passed a cordial vote of thanks to the Noble Chairman. ARON DE BODE.—On the 2d instant the Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench, appointed the hearing of the trial at bar, in this long pending case, for the 20th of June next. This is an appeal of the Crown against the finding and verdict of the Com missioners end the jury, given in favour of the Baron de Boda, on the 13th of June, 1842, concerning his large claim against the Crown, and which finding and verdict was confirmed by Lord Lyndhurst (the present Lord Chancellor's) judgment, on the 24th of July, 1842. It may be remembered, that the above commission was appointed the 15th of July, 1840, by Lord Cottenham, the then Lord Chancellor, to inquire into the merits and rights of the Baron to the claim he made, in compliance to the petition of right he had presented in 1838, and which was at that time endorsed by the Sovereign, with " Let right be done." THE — UNITRD SERVICE MAGAZINE for May comes recommended to both professional and nonprofessional readers, by the genuine interest that attaches to its contents. Officers of the highest authority in both ser vices appear to have united tJ render the numb e r one of the inO;t attractive of the series. We particularly allude, as a fair example of the talent that pervades its pages, to the able introductory paper on " The Waterloo Campaign and its Historians," by Major Jackson ; a subject that can never diminish in interest with any class of British readers ; but the striking manner in which it is now handled, the new light thrown upon it by the author's skill and research, and the very enter taming character of the details he has furnished, cannot but render it one of the most gratifying narratives ever published in connexion with the profession of arms. We must also direct attention to the remarkable account of a "Conspiracy of the Russian Nobility, and Revolt of part of the Army," and to the able Memoir of the late Sir Hudson Lowe. Both papers contain very singular dis closures, quite new to the general reader. CAUTION TO SPORTSMEN.—An attorney's clerk, who is passionately fond of a gun, and who frequently amuses himself by shooting at a target, was practising the other day in a field at Castle Donington, and being suddenly called, in the absence of the principal, to leave his sport and give advice to a client in waiting, in the hurry of the moment placed the loaded pistols in his pocket, with the muzzles downwards. Having intro duced himself to the : gentleman, he was in the act of seating himself down in an easy chair, when the pistols went off, setting fire to his coat, and nearly blowing the chair to pieces. —Nottingham Review. LAMENTABLE OCCURRENCE.—Last evening a lamentable accident occurred near Chelmsford, by which Miss Mary Mg - lardy, daughter of the highly respected chief constable of the county police, and Miss Gace, the governess in the captain's family, lost their lives. It appears that about seven o'clock Miss Gace was walking in the fields leading from Chelmsford to Springfield, with the two Miss M'Hardys, the deceased, aged eleven years, and Malvina, aged nine. They seem to have quitted the path, and the young ladies while playing near the edge of the Chelmer, at a part where the force of the current had considerably un dermined the bank, it is believed that the eldest Miss M‘Hardy ventured too near the edge, when the overhanging path gave way, and she was precipitated into the water, which at that part is from ten to fifteen feet deep. Miss Gace, in her anxiety to save her charge, immediately jumped in, and both perished.—From the Chelmsford Chronicle. AN ERRAND BOY'S EDUCATION.—A boy of thir teen or fourteen was about to be sworn to give evidence at an inquest held last evening, at the Golden Lion, Dean-street, Soho, when be said, as if he feared he was unfit to take an oath, that he could not read. He, however, said that he was in the habit of going to chapel, and was accordingly sworn, Having given his evidence in a tolerably clear manner. he, much to the surprise of the jury, wrote his name in a clear, legible hand, at the end of the depositions. A juror thought it a rather strange mode of education to teach a boy to write before he could read, and felt curious to ascertain how he learnt. The boy said that he had learnt to write nothing but his name ; and a juror informed the Coroner that it was a common thing for errand boys who had to sign their names frequently to be taught to write their autographs and nothing elm GOVERNOR-GENERAL OF INDIA. Upon Sir ROBERT PEEL moving the Order of the Day for the House resolving itself a Committee on the Bank Charter, Lord JOHN RUSSELL said that there was a matter of great importance for the consideration of the House which he wished some period to be fixed for bringing it forward. He alluded to the extraordinary proceedings that had taken place with respect to the Governor-General of India. He did not wish to raise any impediment with respect to the discussion which stood for to-night, but after what had taken place it was impossible that the matter could pass over with out some explanation as to the course pursued by the Government, and as to the manner in which, for the future, India was to be governed. He perceived that his Hon. Friend, the Member for Montrose, had a motion for to-morrow evening on the subject, but it stood low in the list. He admitted that it would be unfair on Government nights to interfere with the orders of the day ; but still on a subject of such great importance as the government of the Indian possessions of this country, he trusted that Hon. Members who had notices for to-morrow night would allow the Hon. Mem ber for Montrose precedence, in order that he might bring the subject forward. It was his firm opinion that some certain time should be fixed when the motion might be brought on. Mr. HUME said that his name stood first in the notice paper for to-morrow with respect to the printing of a petition, complaining of the magistrates of Shrews bury, and his name stood last in the paper with respect to the motion as to the recal of the Governor-General of India. Now, he had no objection, if it met with the approval of the House, to take the last motion first, and the first last.—(Great laughter.) Sir R. PEEL stated, that he would not take any ob jection to the course proposed to be pursued by the Hon. Member. It was for Hon. Members who had pre cedence to say whether they would give way or not. Mr. COBDEN stated that he had a motion which stood second in the pdper for to-morrow. He bad no desire to put it off ; but if it was the wish of the House, he would not stand in the way of the Hon. Member for Montrose. _ Sir R. PEEL could not undertake to say how long the Hon. Member for Montrose would be, but he could assure the House that what he (Sir R. Peel) would have to say would be very short indeed. The subject then dropped, it being understood that Mr. Hume would have precedence to-morrow evening. THE BANS CHARTER. The order of the day for going into Committee on the Bank Charter Act was then read, and the Speaker having left the Chair, the House went into Committee, Mr. Greene in the Chair. Sir R. PEEL then rose for the purpose of moving resolutions. He said there must occasionally be some questions of such vast and manifest importance, and which prefer such a claim, or I should rather say, such a demand, on the attention of a Legislature, that all rhetorical proofs, all dilation on the value of the subject, or injunctions of the duty of giving it an attentive consideration, become superfluous and needless. I shall, therefore, proceed at once to call the attention of the Committee to a matter which enters into every transaction of which money forms the basis ; there is no contract public or private, no engagement national or individual, the enterprise of commerce, pri vate trade, the arrangements to be made in all the do mestic relations of society, the wages of labour, the transactions of the highest amount as well as those of the lowest, the payment of the National Debt, the pro vision for the national expenditure on the one hand, and the command which the coin, of the smallest denomina tion, has over the necessaries of life—all these are affected by the decision to which we may come on that great question which I am about to sub mit to the consideration of this Committee. The circumstances out of which this duty imposed on me arises, are shortly these. In the year 1833 an Act of Parliament was passed which continued to the Bank of England certain privileges until the year 1855, and after the year 1855 until Parliament should determine to give one year's notice to the Bank of its intention to revise the charter. Before, however, the expiration of the full period of 21 years—before the arrival of that term of 1855, there was reserved to Parliament the power, after the lapse of ten years, by giving notice to the Bank, of revising and reconsidering the charter. That period will arrive in August, and it will be then competent to the House, by notice to the Speaker, to signify that within six months then following the House will consider the charter of the Bank of England ; but if this opportunity were permitted to go by, the charter of the Bank, and all the privileges it confers, would necessarily endure till 1855. In the present state of this country—in the present state of the currency— after the inquiries instituted—after public attention has been called to the subject—her Majesty's Government feel it to be their duty to avail themselves of the oppor tunity thus given to them by law, and to submit their views to Parliament on the subject. They are of opi nion that inquiry has been exhausted—(Hear, hear) — that all the information essential to a satisfactory judg ment has been acquired, and they think they would be abandoing their duty if they did not undertake maturely to consider the subject, and to take upon themselves the responsibility . of submitting to Parliament, at once, without waiting for protracted inquiry, the measures which in their opinion it is desirable to adopt.—(Hear, hear.) Sir, I am perfectly satisfied the Members of this House, rising superior to all party considerations and all private interests,:will consider it their duty to apply their deliberate and impartial con sideration to this great subject. I have that confidence in the House of Commons, from past experience of their superiority to mere party views or personal interests, when matters of deep importance are under considera tion, and I feel convinced that will be the course they will pursue on the present occasion. I ask them to night for no decision.—(Hear, hear.) In fact, I would deprecate the delivery of any positive opinions now. I ask them to listen to the proposal I am about to make, to hear the evidence and arguments I adduce, and to read and consider the resolu tions which I shall move in Committee pro forma, and, having maturely deliberated on them, to come then to a discussion, and pronounce their final judgm en t. —(H ear. ) I am not ;hake"' in the confidence I have in the House, in consequence of having seen publications inviting the atten dance of Members on the subject. I hold in my hand the resolutions of a meeting of private country bankers, held on the 17th of April last. I find they have re solved that the refusal of the Government to give in formation on the subject of their measure concerning banks of issue naturally leads to the conclusion of their intention to prepare some measure affecting country banks generally, and that this meeting considers it most probable it related to the local circulalation of country banks. Under these circumstances, it is most desirable that all banks of issue, whether private or joint-stock banks, should unite to prevent any altera tion in the local circulation of those banks, or in the condition in which it is now placed by law. They say that joint-stock banks and private bankers should unite in opposing any such alteration. Sir, I complain not of these resolutions—l complain not of the inviting Members of Parliament to attend here to here determined Parliamentand will not will eo resist e down themsubstance the s u bj ect . B ut Ido hope that Members of of those to o resolutions, ppo se any alteration before they consider the subject. I ask you to consider the great principles which an alteration in the currency involves. I ask you, are you so satisfied with the existing state of things —are you so convinced that it is utterly impossible to suggest any alteration in the exist ing law, that you will come down here, before hearing any discussion on this subject, prepared to offer an in superable obstacle, by . previous concert and understand ing, to any alteration in the existing law. I know that to be impossible. I hold in my hand the evidence which should make it impossible that any such previous com pact and understanding, if entered into, should be acted upon. Sir, my immediate proposition ap pears to relate to bank concerns, and in particular to the issue of promissory notes. But, considering that ten years have now elapsed since this subject was brought under consideration, I hope I shall be excused if I do not limit myself to a consideration of those principles which, in a superficial view, appear to determine the issue of promissory notes, I hope I shall be allowed to go deeper into the principle—(Hear, hear)—which governs this great matter. I cannot discuss here the principles on which we should establish an engage ment to pay a certain definite value unless we are agreed upon the principle as to what constitutes the measure of value in this country.—(Hear, hear.) That is the foundation of the whole subject. It is impossible to raise any superstructure, merely regarding the circu lation of paper credit and paper currency unless we first consider the principle which determines the:value of that of which paper is the mere representa tive, and it is impossible that we can come to a common agreement as to the issue of paper unless we are agreed as to certain great principles relating to the measure of value and the medium of exchange. Now, Sir, I very much fear that there is not that common agreement as to this other and greater principle to SOUTHWARK LITERARY INSTITUTION. (FROM A CORRESPONDENT.) Mr. T. S. Blackwell delivered his first lecture on Mesmerism demesmerised, or an exhibition of the pre tended phenomenl of mesmerism, without the presence or aid of mesmeric influence, on Thursday. His expert' merits, illustrating the mesmeric phenomena of attr e' Lion and. repulsion, catalepsy and clairvoyance, phreno' mesmerism, with and without contact, elicited rapturous applause, and exhibited results we have not seen Pr e .: duced at mesmeric exhibitions. He went through illustrations with so excellent a grace, and quite a Vernon, that left the audience delighted and amused many of his tricks being worthy of even th e Wizard the North. At the conclusion, the Lecturer was tackled by Mog i ' Donovan and Brookes, who contended that he had throw ° a slur upon the most talented men o f the age—(ffe er o i hear)—and loaded the Lecturer with a profusion epithets, until called to order by the Chairman.. In spite of the fruitless opposition of these g entlenionj the following resolution was proposed, s econded, an? carried by a thumping majority :—" That the exPe rl i ments to-night, in clairvoyance, phreno-mesmerists; e'" the supposed mesmeric phen o m ena , h ave b e en ro perfect, and, if we had not the key, would be mod astounding, than any we have witnessed in wesniell lectures." The Lecturer was greeted by loud cheering, on leaYing the room. LOUIS PHILIPPE'S HISTORICAL' GALLERY. The celebrated historical gallery at Versailles shortly be adorned with upwards of fifty portraits ofjc. lustrious and eminent person ages o f thi s countr y. 1 1 1,. George P. A. Healy, an artist in the employ of Loll Philippe, has been some time in En g l an d, an d i s now Windsor Castle. This gentleman's instructions are" copy the following : AT WINDSOR CASTLE.—George IV. in the robes of " the Garter, by Sir T. Lawre nce ; Willi am IV. in ~lf robes of the Garter, by Sir M. A Shee ; Freder% L Duke of York, by Sir T. Lawr ence ; Pitt, by S Lawrence ; Fox ; Duke of W e lli ng t on , b y Si r T. l4 ' . rence. AT BUCKINGHAM PALACE.—George HI., by Gai n ' s' borough • Queen Charlotte, by Gainsborough. natal AT ST. JAMES'S PALACE.—The P r i nces s (married to the Duke of Wurtemberg), by Sir T. P" .. 1 rence ; Princess Eli za beth ( marr i e d t o t h e P r incs_lL Hesse Homburg), by Si r T. L awrence ; Augusta, by Sir T. Lawrence ; Princess Mary (Duct*:" of Gloucester), by Sir T. Lawrence ; Princess sop's, by Sir Thomas Lawrence ; E ar l Sc. Vi ncent , by Sir Reynolds ; Lord Nelson. • AT HAMPTON COURT.—The Duke of MarlhOro47( IN THE POSSESSION OF SI R R. P EEL .—Th e Liverpool, by Sir T. Lawrence ; the Earl of Aberdw" by Sir T. Lawrence. The portraits of her Majesty and Prince Albert . ., b / Winterhalter, are already pl ace d i n th e ki ng ' s at Versailles. FLANDERS AND DUTCH MAIk% BRUSSELS, MAY I.—The King and Queen of the 9 "4 gians landed at Ostend yesterday evening, and returc e to the palace at Lacken at two o'clock this afternoon The Treves Gazette publi s h es a l e tt er f rom F ra nkf o ; of the 24th of April, which says, " That the Gera''' . Diet is considering of measures to put an end to ,„g of chance now autho r i se d i n th e different waterwe places. Preliminary negotiations have alreadt ur m t opened for this purpose between Austria, Prussia, ' 1 " other German Cabinets." - ef MAY 2.—Yesterday the King pr es id e d i n a c oca Ministers. In the Secret Committee yesterday, the whole of sitting was taken up in a discussion whether the deb; ought not at length to be published. Five or six' le o Lions were made to this effect and rejected. M. Delt s e j, wished that the deb a te s h ou ld i mme di ate l y b e publis , l, and that for his part he should not hesitate to fen in the public sitting, any observation which apPejo to him to be called for. It was a t l engt h d ec ided O A the debate should be open to th e p u bli c a ft er two o'cleer this day. • sti THE HAGUE, MA Y . I.—We learn that his Me.le m i the King will leave the H ague t o - morrow , an d ph some days to Tilburg. hs In the month of April th e num b er o f t rave ll ers u min te iron railway was 51,698 ; th e recei pt f or t h e conveY,stril of passengers and g oo d s was 47,651 florins. In Ar o , last year the number of travellers was 27, 329 ; th e ceipts 20,504 florins. AMSTERDAM, MAY 2.—We hear that the Chamber will meet again, for the dispatch of busier. -- about the 20th or 21st of this month. THE HAGUE, MAY 2.—We have great pleasure announcing that the late Ki ng Willi am Frederick, tjettibe of Nassau, has left by his will a considerable sum to poor of this town, without di st i nc ti on o f religion, 1111_c1 extraordinary legacy to th e p oor o f t h e Reim . "' Church. His Royal Highne s s P r i nce F re d er i c k, as e l " e i cutor, has given notice of th ese b eques t s to the e concerned. Similar legacies have been left to the of the capital. EXPEDITIOUS TRAVELLING MAT 4 0 This morning Carlott a G r i s i, th e ce l e b ra t e d danseuse, 0 ' to , farewell benefit came off last night at the It a lian W ei London, arrived he r e by s p ec i a l t ra i n by th e S ou th -Ego" Railway, on her way to Paris, where she is engaged ter: form this evening at the Academie Royale de Musique. lotta Grisi did not leave London till half-past two A.ar.e., 1 0 4. in consequence of being det a i ne d b e t ween R e i gate and " stone, by a luggage train being on the line, did not rel,„, Dover till a quarter past five. It was, therefore, gettinf wards six o'clock before sh e em b ar k e d on b oar d the Magle i r t , steamer, Commander King, which lay i n th e Roads in v/% 0 ing, specially to transport her to Boulogne. The Magi . y l (which, by the way, returned to Dover by twelve 0'c10e„ . ..,i P b ; noon) occupied two hours on th e p assage across . Mlle. ti!,7, left Boulogne about ei g ht o ' c l oc k, an d, cons id er i n g that ~ road thence to Paris must be posted, it w ill b e a feat wer' sn i t t of record, provided sh e reac h es th e F renc h cap it a l safe Of well, and is enabled to acquit herself in the dance with same eclat she did in London last night. The task )I ;ii Grisi has set herself is, we believe, unparalleled in the O n o of travelling in this direction, and clearly demonstrate§ ,4 superiority of the route, via Dover, between the French English capitals. • Si LIRCOLN'S.•INN.—On Thursday the undermentft li es o gentlemen were, after the usu a l p re li m i nary oa th s had W O administered to th em b e f ore severa l B enc h ers o f this Heu ° ,,, : able Society, duly ca ll e d t o th e d egree o f b arr i s t e r- at ... 11 1, 4 0 —Mr. Walter Cockburn, Mr. Findlater Roper, Mt Frederick Bunny, Mr. Francis Cornish Newman, Mr. Pain, Mr. James Cooke Evans, Mr. Lucius Graham P'` - derley, and Mr. George Mackenzie. st THE EARL O F ABERDEEN.—In January -- la „eot man named Heath, a shoemake r , res idi ng a t ChilveY,"o, Slough, was unfortunately, but through his own carelessei knocked down and run over by the carriage of the E,.. ar d ot Aberdeen, as his Lordship was p rocee di ng from Vi r u' o rl Castle to the railway-station at Slough, causing a corms st• fracture of his leg just above the ankle. His Lordship t ee dered the best medical aid to be administered to hint s"' t ee time, and every necessary assistance to be rendered up °ho periodof his recovery. Mr. Clark, of Eton, the surgee,„ ll attended him during his illn e s s , i n con j unc ti on wa di f ile Pearl, of Windsor, has just received a check for 20/. fre,t, hit Earl of Aberdeen, to be gi ven t o th e man Heath, 010 Lordship's best wishes for his perfect recovery. The ." of the expenses which were inc ur r e d d ur i ng eath were also defrayed by his Lordship. ME. GROOM'S 1 ULIP SHOW.—We were, on Fil a r favoured with a private view of Mr. Groom's annual n,Ol bition of tulips, at his grounds, Clapham-rise. Th e oll presented a truly beautiful sight, garnished, as it was/ 00 upwards of two hundred varieties of this gaudy flower' r od no former occasion have either the flowers or plants Pre 9e gr eo so vigorous and healthy an appearance, owing, but F i e measure, to the propitious character of the season,,',ol§ cipally to the improvements which are annually being eo ptle in the art of bringing them to perfection. During the i , s t of the morning the show was visited by a large n0 0 ,." - oot, persons of rank and distinction. The folleriting are 7: 01 the principal varieties presented this season : —Counni s jk, Blessington, Ambassadeur d'H o ll an d, M ars h a l S ou lt, 17; Duke of Buiscleueh, Catafalque, Lac, Malibran, e slot Devonshire, Duke of Norfolk, Lady Crewe, Michael eff o e . l. Victoria Regina, Nou rr i Effendi, Catalani, Lawrence§ A crl yie' Everard, and Rosa Bl anca . The show will be open for bition to the public this day. Bir t ' t The Venerable General Si r T. M. Brisbane, lot met with an accident at Makerstowi House, sear X• 1 1011§, week, by the falling of a s c aff o ldi ng on w hi c h som e wer g ios were engaged at work. The injuries Si r Th o mas roc s were not serious. ee l STOCK ExcHANuu.—We understand that tb e .Pho ject of establishing a stock exc h ange i n this tow' the lately received a good deal of consideration from t he shareholders of Leeds, whose numbers, as wel l lis thi° extent of transactions, have incr ease d so g reatly !oil the last few days, as to rend er some suc h es tabl ish very desirable.—Leeds Times. 1 11 1 BIRTHS. ° On the 3d ult., Mrs. Th omas L egg, of Fox l ey - r oad, 14 - ll' Brixton, of a son. 0 0 ' On the 19th ult, at Abercrombie-place, Glasgow' 0 4 G. Wright, of a daughter. On the Ist inst., at G o d e t one, th e w if e o f t hiß •• • °lll_k Dawe Wickham, of a d aug ht er . ....„, g r a d' On the Ist inst., at H are - s t ree t, Spitalfields, Jai.- Jaques, of a daughter. f IS r ‘ On the 2d inst., the lady o f J. T. B er kl ey , Esq, ° beOnyrr, Stoke Newington, of a son A - " . the 2d inst., at Ryde, Isle of Wight, the lady °- f Jl3 R. Akers, Esq., of a son. 011$111 On the 2d inst., at Cad egan -pl ace , th e w ife o f . Bence Jones, E sq., of a daughter. f Goa rg Onto 2d inst., in Portland-place, the lady 1:1" G. Royds, Esq., of a ton. •lii ic h°lll' On the 3d inst., in Nottingham•place, Mrs. -- l'• of a son. ad, r.. On the 3d inst., at Craven-pl ace , Old lont-r• William Miller, of a son. E W x a e l a e l s l , e ll ue e y nry the WatsonGeveruurt E. Emmelinea t uth On the 21st of November 1843 . Pit Atte, Ne vf a ° hie P .rrafrn E M S eici r ret Cam lrir den , -l a daughter of the late John MacArthur, Esq., °I . Parker, sq., Private . _ lin g . that colony. v ; c tint On the 30th ult., at Willey Church, Shropshir e, '?. o ,irst Newp, e t f o th t e h l e at H e, o a n u . d S e e ie l t in er a eif.tohueispareFseonret,ter, Yu" leo. daughter , or a For* . da hter o E f s Baron James Mallet. On the 22d ult., at Paris, Charles Mallet, E lio to Lu cie ' Huband, Og Joseph daughter of I q.- te ' ar C -A a On the Ist inst., at Stiliington, near York, Georg e - .,„, ff sot ler, N E~ 4 ' Palnier,, I On the 2d inst., at Fulham, Edward Hawley p d t m ai i n ra u t Cnarettftacehfetdh,attoplialeaer.ianne, '10"-.P to Jessy Fanny, fourth daughter of Captain Greville, it-L"' lED. ch On the 27th ult., at Abe rc rombie-place, Glasgovr, riAtiall Ellington, wife of Harry Guthrie Wnght, E. .. o f CO ur On the 26th ult., at Darlington, Joh n James, so' mander Arrow, R.N. C. On the 29th ult., Susannah Elizabeth, the w ir e of Mr. Beswick, of Moorgate-street, City. On the 30th ult., at Worthin Lady_ late Sir John Wells, G.C.8., of Boluore House, t , " -- Virslls,,r_ell.6icteidof, the -- ;17.0 of ~. London: Printed and Published b y MCRDO vrjo, Strand, 2 in the No. 11 Stran P d, reci Pnctrinter of , the Savoy, the CCOVEU at Thi Sus. Offici, o f in bliddlaaex, Monday, May 6,1844. T 1 Joh] Ct 446 4 Ti ‘ll4 or 1 am Ada Ch ; Der Sal po . 711 ( die rni TIM