The Sun. — London, England, 1845-01-31 00:00:00

THE LATE FATAL EXPLOSION AT MANCHESTER. We offer our opinions on this subject with some diffidence, having had but slight opporturAties of in spection or examination. As, however, the naturt and probable causes of the accident must be inquired into, and will no doubt be thoroughly investigated, we may venture to intimate what appears to us, from that hasty examination, to be the probable cause of the explosion. It certainly appears, from an exami nation of the copper roof of the fire-box, that it must have been red hot either at the time when the accident occurred, or at some former period. At all events, it has the appearance of having been burned, anti there is also the further appearance_of an crack at the place where the fracture commenced. We cannot help thinking, too, that a space so large as eleven square feet ,of that surface exposed to such pressure as is ordinarily used in railway engines ought to have been protected by vertical stays from the roof of the steam-chamber. The copper root had been strengthened by cross-stays ; pieces of iron, two inches thick in the middle, extending across it from side to side, and strongly bolted to the copper. These, though probably iu themselves quite strong enough to resist the pressure, do not appear to us to have had any adequate abut ments, inasmuch as they rested merely on the edge of the sheet copper, forming the vertical part of the fire-box—a support which, in our judgment, is not sufficient for the purpose. On comparing the facts attending this accident with those of the fatal explosion on the South• Eastern Railway, in December last, we find that the same part—namely, the top of the fire-box—gave way in both cases ; and in neither of them were there any vertical stays to connect that part with the top of the steam-chamber. In the engine which ex ploded on the South-Eastern line the top of the fire box was without stays of any kind, the maker having apparently trusted to his hemispherical form to resist the pressure of the steam. We trust that the case will undergo a very strict and close investigation; and that, if additional stays are needed, they will be applied, not only in engines hereafter to be made, but in those at present in use which may require them —Manchester Guardian. SZAHAM HARBOUR.—An event took place on Mon day, at Seaham Harbour, near Sunderland, which will have an important influence on the future prosperity o' this thriving port. Seaham Harbour is a private pert belonging to the Marquis of Londonderry, and was formed by the noble owner about sixteen years ago, for the shipment of the coals produced from the extensive collieries of his Lordship in Durham. Since that tim:2 the traffic has increased so much that a few years ago it was found necessary to form a second large dock to the south of the original. This has also been found insuffi cient, and last year measures were taken fur the further enlargement of the north dock, which has recently been completed. The works are of a stupendous description, and have been of a most costly character, exceeding perhaps in magnitude and enterprise all that have ever before been undertaken and accomplished by a private individual. The whole has been excavated from the solid rook, and has for several years given extensin employment to hundreds of individuals. Since tlk: opening of the dock the whole of Lord Lon donderry's coals, with trifling exceptions, have been shipped at Seaham ; and on the winning of the impor tant collieries at South Hetton and Haswell, the coats produced there were also shipped in these docks, though subsequently a portion of the Haswell and South Hettot coals have bean shipped at Hartlepool and Sunderland. The great and important new winning at Murton, new working with five shafts (the largest colliery in the Dur ham coal-fields), ships the whole of its produce at &a hem, and in a short time a new colliery, on an exter.- sive scale, now sinking on the Seaham estate, will also add to the traffic of this now flourishing harbour, which. a few years ago, was a bleak rock on the coast, uniuter Elting in every point of view, and unlikely ever to be the bustling Beene of such extensive enterprise and commerc.k as have now been there permanently established. The enlargement of the north dock was completed on Thurs day last, when the water was admitted into it, and it was opened in the presence of the MST quis and Marchio ness of Londonderry and a distinguished party ; but Monday was fixed for the formal opening. The noble owner determined to celebrate the event with great re loicing, and everything was arranged on a scale o f g reat iberality. DESTRECTIVB FIRE.— Wednesday, shortly before, midnight, as the police-constable upon the beat (Ler radin,.l6 G) was passing along Gee-street, St. Luke's, he perceived a strong glare of light proceeding from a long line of workshops belonging to the extensive pre mises in the occupation of Messrs. Howard and Co., ;spanners, &c., Old-street, St. Luke's. The buildings forming the range of warehouses and workshops con nected with this firm stretch some considerable distance up Brick-lane and along Gee-street, the whole embracing an area of several hundred square yards. Immediately that the constable perceived the outbreak, he, in con nection witn his sergeant (Bean, 30 G), proceeded tc furnish the necessary information to the several stations of the brigade, and to arouse the inmates of the private houses attached to the establishment. White the rev: wis rmacurd from the ergine stations, the police, under the control of their superior omcers, anu aided by several of the workmen in the employ of Messrs. Howard, proceeded to remove from the immediate localit:, of the fire a great quantity of varnish, japan, turpentine, and other inflammable articles, a vast variety of which was in stock. The flames progress(d most rapidly in the meantime, and the light of the fire, raging, as it did eventually, in a line of building about 100 feet long by 20 feet broad, cast a reflection around whict might be seen distinctly over the whole of the City. Se veral engines having arrived and git to work under the superintendence of Mr. Braidwood, and the supply o! water being very copious, large bodies were most judi ciously directed into the burning building. After a pro- longed effort, it became evident that the fire was begin ning to yield, and by a quarter before one o'clock ail danger of its further extension was at an end. The at)pping of this fire, apparently so alarming, and in the midst of a mass of valuable property most easily ignit able, must be considered most fortunate, while to the remen, police, and all engaged in extinguishing it, the greatest credit is due ; for had the fire caught the stel. joining premises, some thousand pounds' worth of pro perty must have been inevitably destroyed. As it is. however, the damage must be considerable, there beiag a great many articles in the workshops in a partially manufactured state, as well as many valuable tools be• longing to the workmen, the majority of which are de stroyed. In the confusion, it was impossible aacurately to ascertain whether the parties are insured, but it is believed they are. How the fire originated could not be learned ; it is, however, supposed to be accidental. ALDERMANIC ARRANGEMENTS.—CompIaints are being continually made that oa certain occasions, when aldermen are required to be present, they are frequently not forthcoming. At the sittings of the Central Criminal Court, for instance, two aldermen are necessary to sit by the side of the judge, much in the same way as the lion and unicorn are wanted as supporters to the arms of Eng land. It is true that the aldermen have nothing to_clo with the administration of justice, or—to use a theatneal term —are not required to be practicable ; and a couple of property aldermen, or lay figures, would do just as well as the living individuals. We understand that a motion will be brought before the Court of Common Council authorising the preparation of six aldermen stuffed with straw, to sit as dummies on those occasions when by law their presence is required. Two will be prepared as fixtures on the bench of the Central Criminal Court, each with a newspaper in his hand, to give the thing as much as possible the air of being in strict conformity with the present arrangement. Three will be set up in the police committee ; and the remaining one will i.e hung up at the Mansion-house, to be taken down and used whenever and wherever he may be wante I. By this arrangement punctuality of attendance will be in sured; and there will be this advantage, that the stuffed aldermen will not interrupt the business by sneezing, coughing, and sometimes souring, which are the only proofs of their presence which the live aldermen are in the habit of giving.—Punch. EXTENSIVE LTSE or °num.—Dr. Mitchell, one GI the Sub-Commissioners, reports, that the medical wit nesses examined by him state, that the infants and chil dren are seldom brought to them before they are be numbed and stupefied with opiates; the usual preparation given being Godfrey's Cordial, a mixture of treacle and opium, known by the name of "comfort," and an ar ticle in constant demand. A little girl will come to the chemist's, and ask for a dose of it to give to the baby next day, telling him that her mother is going out to work. A respectable chemist stated that he had made twenty gallons of " comfort" in the year, and that there were chemists who lived near the market place, and more in the way of these country people, who made good deal more. This evidence refers to the colliery districts, but it appears, on the authority of other medical men, that the same practice prevails at Croydon, in Surrey, and, by inference, in other non-manufacturing towns. Speaking of the dis tricts of Nottingham, Derby, and Leicester, another Sub - Commissioner, Mr. Grainger, states, that the prac tice of administering opium to infants, which is very ge neral in these districts, "is usually began when the child is three or four weeks old." But Mr. Brown, the coroner, for Nottingham, states, " that he knows God frey's Cordial is given on the day of birth, and that ever. it is prepared in readiness for that event." The extent to which the system is carried may be judged from the fact, expressly ascertained by this gentleman, that one druggist made up, in one year, 13 cwt. of treacle into Godfrey's Cordial. The result of this terrible practice is, that great numbers of infants p er i s h, either suddenly. from an overdose, or, as more commonly happens, slowly. painfully, and insidiously. Those who escape with lite b ecome pale and sickly children, often half-idiotic, and always with a ruined constituti on . "C ompared with this," adds the Sub-Commissioner, " the Chinese Pra c tics of infanticide may be called merciful."--Medici Times. MATIIEMATICAL EXAMINATION PAPER.----Q. What Is an eccentric angle?—A. To fish for salt herrings in soda water. Q. If 114 D represent a member of a force required, how long will he have a constant area?—A. As long as Betty smuggles joints from the kitchen.— Pa nch. We understand that during the approaching sojourn of the Court at Brighto n, it is the intention of- her Ma jesty and his Royal Highness Prince Allaett to visit the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk, at Arundel Castle, and the Duke and Duchess of Richmond, at Goodwood. The day on which her Majesty will proceed to Arundsil Castle is understood to be fixed for Monday, the 17th, or Tues day, the 18th of February. The University of Dublin have conferred OR 3.1* Emerson Tennent ,M.P., the degree of Doctor of Laws. NV' T'l TWO ILLUSTRATIONS BY LEECH. 1 The FEBRUARY NUMBER, Price ila f-a-Crown, of B" TL E Y'S ISCELL A.N Y,' Contains : THE MARCHIONESS OF BRINVILLIERS, THE POISONER OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. A Romance of Old Paris. By ALBERT SMITH. With Two Illustrations by Leech. Chap. Ty.—The Students of 1664. Chap. V.—Sainte Croix and his Creature. Chap Vl.—Maitre Glager, the Apothecary, and his man Panurge, discourse with the people on poisons. The visit of the Marchioness. Crockford and Crockford's. The Post-hag ; or, Eccentric Correspondence. By R. B. Peake. • The Breeze upon the Ocean. Legendary Cities—Bath. By Louisa Stuart Costello. Ballad, " Sleep on ! sleep on!" By William Jones. A Spanish Sutler. A Righ`oolis Treasurer—" No Will ! Hurrah I"—The Gaol - Chaplain , _ _ _ . or, A Dark Page from Life's Volume. Ske-ches of Spanish Warfare—Malibran, the Aide-de-Camp. Sappho and Phaon. Mynheer Van Clumseetrnnk ; or, The Benefits of Smoking. 'Tie long since we have met, old Friend. Memorials of the Departed Great. By a Middle-aged Man. The Carlists at Bayonne. The Fortunes of the .Scattergood Family. By Albert Smith. Richard Bentley, New Burlington-street. HARRY LORREQUER.—TILE CHEAP EDITION OF MR. LEVER ' S "ARTHUR O'LEARY," UNIFORM WITH HIS OTHER WORKS. In one vol., Svo., price only 12.5. bound, ILLUSTRATED BY GEORGE CRUIKSHANK, Is now Ready at all the Bookseller?. Henry Colburn, Publisher, 13, Great Marlborough-street. THEATRE ROYAL, DRURY-LANE. THIS EVENING Will be repeated THE BOHEMIAN GIRL. After which will be repeated the Grand Christmas llarlequinaele, chilled PUCK'S PANTOMIME; or, Harlequin and Robinson Crusoe. Robinson Crusoo, Mr. W. H. Payne ; Clown, Mr. T. Matthews ; Pantaloon, Mr. Howell; Harlequin, Mr. Wieland ; Columbine, Miss Carson. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. LESSEE, MR. B. WEBSTER. 62d Night of " Old Heads and Young Hearts." THIS EVENING Will be repeated a New and Original Comedy, in Five Acts, entitled OLD BEADS AND YOUNG HEARTS. Colonel Rocket, Mr. Stricklat. d ; Littleton Coke, Mr. Charles Mathews ; Tom Coke, Mr. Webster ; Bob, Mr. Buckstone ; Jesse Rural, Mr. W. Farren ; the Countess of Pompton, Mrs. W. Cliford ; Lady Alice Hawthorn, Madame Vestris ; Miss Rocket, Miss Julia Ben• ett. After which, a New Grand Musical Fairy Extravaganza, entitled GRACIOSA AND PERCINET. King Usorius, Mr. J. Bland ; Princess Graciosa, Miss Julia Bennett ; Percinet, Miss P. Horton ; Duchess Grognon, Mrs. Stanley. To conclude with a Grand MOVING DIORAMA ; or, PICTORIAL TOUR IN SWITZERLAND. THEATRE ROYAL, HAYMARKET. 62d, 63.1, 64th, 65th, 66th, and 67th Nights of the most succes , iftil Comedy of OLD HEADS AND YOUNG HEARTS, written by Dion Bourcicault, Esq. Principal Characters by Mesars. W. Farren, Webster, Buckstone, Charles Mathews, H. 8011, and Strickland, Miss J. Bennett, Mrs. W. Clifford, and Madame Vestris. With the New Extravaganza of GRACIOSA AND PERCINET. Percinet, Miss P. Horton. And Mr. It. Phillips's exquisitely painted and pleasing MOVING DIORAMA ; or, PICTORIAL TOUR IN SWITZERLAND. " Old Heads and Young Hearth" is published, with other Popular Comedies and Farces, in " Webster's National Acting Drama," and may be had in the Theatre, and of all Booksellers. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. UNDER THE DIRECTION OF MADAME CELESTE. Fifth Night of a New and Original Drama, by the Author of " Wreck Ashore," " Victorine," &c. THIS EVENING Will be repeated a New and Original Drama, entitled THE GREEN BUSHES ; or, A Hundred Years Ago. Connor O'Kcnnedy, Mr. Selby ; George, Mr. Hudson : Wild Murtogh, Mr. 0. Smith; Muster Grinnidge, Mr. Wright ; Jack Gong, Mr. Paul Bedford ; Geraldine, Mrs. Yate. ; Nelly O'Neill, Mrs. Fitzwilliam ; Madame Celeste. After which, THE CORPORAL'S WEDDING; or, a - Kiss of the Bride. Sir Felix Marmalade, Mr. Hudson ; Major Griskin, Mr. Selby ; Lady Arothusa Gr skin, Mrs. Frank Matthews ; Nancy Cobb, Miss Woolgar. To conclude with THE CHIMES. Toby Veck, Mr. 0. Smith ; Alderman Cute, Mr. Wright ; Twzby, Mr. Wilkinson ; Sir Joseph Bowley, Bart., Mr. Paul Bedford ; Will Fern, Mr. Iludson ; Richard, Mr. Selby ; Meggy Veck, Miss Fortescue ; Mrs. Chickenstalker, Mrs. Frank Matthews. THEATRE ROYAL, ADELPHI. Thorough Adelphi hit !--Vide, " The Times," and Public Press. EVERY EVENING THE GREEN BUSHES, or A Hundred Years Ago ; by the Author of " The Wreck Ashore," " Victorine," Sc , „ Principal Characters by Messrs. Hudson, 'Wright, 0. Smith, Paul Bedford, Selby, Cul lenford, and Worrell ; Mrs. Yates, Mrs. Fitzwilliam, and Madame Celeste. With the New Farce of THE CORPORAL'S WEDDING ; or, a Kiss of the Bride. And THE CHIMES ; A Goblin Story. rnoicEss's THEATRE, OXFORD-STREET. LE,SEE, MR. J. M. MADDOX. THIS EVENING Will be repeated TIIE CASTLE OF AYMON ; or, The Four Brothers. Baron de Beaumanotr, Mr. Walton ; Olivier, Mr. Allen ; Allard, Mr. C. Horn, Jun. ; Richard, Mr. Hime ; Renaud, Mr. Mattacks ; Ivon, Mr. Leffler ; Hermine, Mdlle. Helen Condell ; Clara, Miss Brentnall ; Yolande, Miss E. Homier ; Eglantine, Miss O'Connor ; Gertrude, Mrs. Fosbroke. To be followed by DON C-ESAR DE BAZAN. Don Ciasar de Bayne, Mr. Wallack ; Maritana, Mrs. Stirling. To conclude with HIGH LIFE BELOW STAIRS. Stage Manager, Mr. H. I. Waliack ; Stage Director, Mr. Emden ; Machinist, Mr. Edmund Bradwell. THEATRE ROYAL, LYCEUM. UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF MRS. KEELEY. Last Two Nights of " The Chimes." THIS EVENING Will be repeated THE CHIMES. Principal Characters by Messrs. F. Vining, Meadows, Diddear, F. Matthews, Collier, Emery, Turner, and Keeley ; Miss Walcott, Mrs. Woollidge, Miss . Grove, and Mrs. Keeley. Aner which, a New Farce, entitled A MODEL OF A WIFE. Principal Characters by Messrs. A. Wigan, F. Matthews, and Mea dows ; Miss Walcott. and Miss Fairl•rother. To conclude with VALENTINE AND ORSON. Principal Cha racters by Messrs. F. Matthews, Meadows, Wigan, Collier, Turner, Kialoch, Yaraold, and Keeley ; Mrs. Wigan, Miss Arden, Miss Fair brother, Miss Grove, Mrs. Woollidge, Miss James, Miss Turner, and Mrs. Keeley. - Unequalled Success of ASTLEY'S ROYAL AMI'HITIIFATRE. PROPRIETOR, MR. W. BATTY. First Week of the Southern American Minstrels. THIS EVENING Will be repeated THE ROYAL FOX HUNT ; introducing a Real Fox-case on the Stage, by Living Fox and Real Pack of Hounds. To be followed by the Melodies of the American Southern Minstrels. Entire change in the Circle.—Unequalled Feats of Horsemanship. To ennrlnde with the Pantomime of HARLEQUIN JOHNNY GILPIN'S RIDr. ; to, The IslacC 5ir11,14 cof VAinlettiornz. Jc.tusssy Gilpin, Mr. Wells ; Clown, Mr. Barry ; Pantaloon, Mr. Bradbury ; Ilariequla, Mr. Lewis ; Columbine, Mrs. J. W. Collier. Acting and Stage Manager, Mr. D. W. Broadfoot. DAVIDGE'S ROYAL SURREY THEATRE. The Grand Pantomime every Evening, with Splendid Novelties, and Another New Piece. THIS EVENING Will be repeated a New Three Act Drama, entitled WOLSEY, in which the whole of the Company will perform. After which, THE PLEDGE OF LOVE. To conclude with the Pantomime of POUNDS, SHILLINGS, AND PENCE. Harlequin, Mr. H. Harvey ; Clown, Mr. T. Ridgway ; Pantaloon, Mr. Henry Corri ; Columbine, Miss Slaiter. Places and Private Boxes to be had of Mr. Kerschner, at the Box office, from Eleven to Four. ROYAL VICTORIA THEATRE. Grand Juvenile Week—Pantomime, Second Piece. THIS EVENING Will be repeated MARIANNE ; or, The Child of Charity. Sup ported by Messrs. Osbaldiston, H. Howard, J. T. Johnson, J. Her bert, E. Jones, and W. Searle ; Miss V ncent, Miss E. Terrey, and Mrs. E. Jefferson. After which, the Pantomime of HARLEQUIN HOT CODLINS. To conclude with BLACK WHISKER ; or, The Demon of Seven Dials. _ _ _ l3oxes, 2s. ; Pit, Is. ; Gallery, 6d. THE WEATHER- SUN OFFICE, JAN. 30. THERMOMETER, Lowest, 27 ; Highest, 33 ; Noon, 32. BAROMETER, 29.28.—W1ND, W. Nom—The figures which follow the words "Lowest" and ' Highest" denote the lowest and highest state of the Thermometer during the preceding twenty-four hours. All the other observations are made at noon. Water freezes at 32 ; 55 on Thermometers is marked "Temperate," and on Barometers "Fair" is gelerally placed opposite to 30, and "Rain" at 29; but there is no certainty of dry weather when the mercury falls below 30. HIGH WATER AT LONDON-BRIDGE THIS DAY. Morning •• 44 minutes after 6 I Evening •• 9 minutes after 7. , • `:4....7ti5, . C: 2 - ,...7 . ) , , lii *, - . N 674 1., ~ i v stui•s•,,,, . de ' ' , i 1&; ...,,,-Zikr"), zA jr 411 0 N .i,V: - k se • -rt ailllit.' - -. "4... i-• ... - AlllO6- •-'‘i, ''' 4\ •Ilii.c-- or ' . *' '.. •.-0 ~......_ __wr - 7 , 4 r . mo s ~' ;,.., ,- • , Roil ,'. ') 101 ;: --, • .. , ....:= 2 •••. , •6•1--:-'-' . -_ THE SON, LONDON, FRIDAY MO House of Commons quite strong enough to carry the P l emier triumphantly through all obstacles. To sut:ceed, then, he has only to dare ; and though we are by no means among the number of those who entertain any very high opinion of his moral courage, yet, with so many chances in his favour, we can scarcely permit ourselves to doubt that he will fully and honourably redeem his last year's pledges. And what a fame will be his when he shall have succeeded in placing the national education of Ireland on a just, comprehensive, enlightened, and satisfactory basis; thereby giving thousands who are now without a hope, involved in the grossest igno rance, a fair chance of rising in the social scale, and ranking among the future ornaments of their country I There is no more exalted or lasting celebrity than that which attaches to the statesman can con scientiously say, that he left general intelligence where he found nought but the intensest ignorance ; and encouraged the spread of true religion in a king dom where, hitherto, it had been little better than a party watchword. The vital importance of providing harbours o refuge in the Channel, and elsewhere on our coasts, with a view to making better provision fcr the safety of our commercial shipping during the prevalence of tempestuous weather or adverse winds ;—of construct ing forts and defences in connexion with these and other such stat;ons for the assembling of our fleets and ships of war—and the extension and completion of a system of coast protection in the event of war ;—these topics, it will be in the recollection of our readers, have been repeatedly and urgently enforced in The Sun in the course of the last twelve months. On such occasions we have endeavoured to demonstrate the degree of even enhanced exigency which the de. mand for these indispensable national works assumes in reference to the daily increasing efficacy, and con sequent employment, of steam force by all European Powers, as a main element of maritime strength and success. We have pressed these considerations so long and so frequently on the attention of the public and the Government, that we have perused with the deepest interest the "Report" we reprint from the Commissioners appointed by minute of the Lords of the Treasury, dated in April last. The "Blue Book" has just been issued, and its Appendices, as well as the body of the Report itself, are full of extremely valuable matter. A Contemporary, who has justly remarked on the " penny wise and pound foolish" policy of being too niggardly of the public money, where the objects to be secured by its expenditure are of so vast and so beneficial a character, and of 'such indisputable expediency, enforces the ne cessity of promptitude in carrying them out into execution, and the wisdom of our being prepared in times of peace for any unhappy contingency of sudden war, in language which we have employed so often, that we are tempted to use it in this place, in order that we may not appear to re peat ourselves. He says— ' Independently, however, of these considerations, we are bound by a consideration of the changes which steam may operate in any new warfare, to " take time by the forelock," and be prepared for the enemy lung before ho may come. This, after all, may be the surest and simplest coarse. It is not in any ►pirit of jealousy or distrust that such recommendations are put tbrward. The true friends of peace are those who are always pre • pared for war." We are glad to find our own anxious representa tions on these two points of a prompt commencement of such works, and the unspeakable advantage of timely preparation, thus supported. Nothing that we see in the political horizon modifies the gravity of these views. Every cloud that steals over it imparts new force to them. The foreign news of even the last twenty-four hours is not without its significant bear ing on them. It may assist our readers in forming their judgment on the contents of this very remark able document, rapidly to indicate some of its mere salient features. The Commissioners thus state the main objects of the investigation delegated to their care The Treasury minute, under which we act, gives for our guidance three principal objects, viz.:— " First—The formation of ports of refuge for the safety and convenience of vessels navigating the British Channel. " Secondly—That these should be calculated to be come, in the event of hostilities, the stations for ships of war. " Thirdly—The considerati m of expense as compared with the public advantages likely to result from the con struction of such works. They recapitulate the various aids and colleagues in the different branches of their service which have been placed at their disposal by the Lords of the Ad miralty, the Trinity Brethren, the officers of the Cinque Ports, the Ordnance, the Board of Customs and their collectors, the officers of the Coast Guard, and other public and official functionaries, and the names of the parties by whom the numerous and ela borate surveys which that service called for, have been (very ably and satisfactorily) made. They then notice with high commendation the Report of the Select Committee of the House of Commons of last year on Shipwrecks ; and we are well pleased to see our estimate of the mass of important information, sug gestions, and evidence comprised in that volume, so emphatically corroborated by the testimony of the present Commission. In alluding to the " Harbour Commission " of 1840, which was appointed " to visit" the coast between the mouth of the Thames and "Selsea Bill," for purposes strictly analagous to those of their own appointment, they remark upon the fact that their predecessors of 1840 were thus precluded, by the terms of their instruction, from examining the harbour of Harwich on the eastern coast ; and they express their belief that had they been required so to do, they would have reported as distinctly and as favourably on Harwich as the present Commission is enabled to do. The Commissioners confine their attention and examinations to Foreness; Rams gate ; the Brake, or Small Downs ; Dover; Dungeness ' Seaford; Newhaven; and Harwich Harbour . ' 1 he other heads of their Report are devoted to " Proposed Breakwaters," " Mode of Construction," and " Mili tary Defences." The Commissioners are—Admiral Sir B. MARTIN, chairman ; Lieut.-Gen. Sir H. DOUGLAS, Rear-Admiral D. DUNDAS, Capt. Sir W. Svmowns, R.N., Capt. J. WASHINGTON, R.N., Lieut.-Col. COL QUHOUN, R.A., Lieut.-Col. ALDERSON, R.E., Sir J. H. PELLY, Capt. FISHER, R.N., JAMES WALKER, Pres. Inst. Civ. Eng. As to Foreness, " which stands well in the fair way of the traffic between the Thames and the Downs," and had been favourably reported on by the Commission of 1840, they " think it unnecessary to construct a harbour there," Harwich being of far superior pretensions and capacity as to all purposes which it was ever contemplated to accomplish at Foreness. Of Ramsgate they state that the harbour, on the average of the last three years, has accom modated 1,600 sail annually, their average tonnage upwards of 450 tons each ; that, by fully executing works already designed there, this harbour would accommodate at least 500 more ships ; that it might be greatly improved by deepening the entrance by dredging vessels, or other suitable means. The " Small Downs" is an " anchorage of considerable extent, lying bets% een the Brake Sand and the shore northward of Deal." They notice various plans that have been furnished for increasing, extending, and protecting this anchorage ; and, among others, a design by the late Sir JOHN RENNIE for a break water, five miles in length, at an estimated cost of. 3,280,0001. It has recently been shown that the "Brake Sand" has gone, since its last previous nota tion on our coast charts, " about 700 yards bodily in shore." For these and other reasons, and especially "considering the Downs at the present time an ex cellent roadstead, with Ramsgate Harbour imme diately adjoining, the Commissioners cannot recom mend any outlay upon the "Small Downs." Of Dover, they notice the geographical as well as political 'importance of the position. They hold that there is no place with greater advantages for the erection of a breakwater, from its having an inner harbour, an ex cellent dock, &c. But seeing that two objections have been suggested as likely to arise to its conversion into a harbour of refuge—namely, that according to some witnesses the holding ground is not good, and that "it would have a tendency to silt up ;" the Commissioners report they are satisfied, from the experiments made on the tenacity of the bottom by her Majesty's ship Blazer, that the former ob jection is unfounded. As to the silting, they re commend that some of the water be taken under all varieties of time, season, and weather, for a whole 3 ear, then to be analysed by the proper officer of the Museum of Economic Geology, in order to test the nature of the deposits held in suspension by it; and they are clearly of opinion that it ought to be a harbour of refuge, "it order to give it that efficiency as a naval station which is necessary to pro vide for the security of this part of the. coast, and the protection of trade," At Dungeness nature has done so much to make it an excel lent roadstead for ships, that the Comrnis,ioners do not at present recommend the construction of a breakwater there. As to Beachy Head, East bourne, and Seaford, they do not recommend any works to the east of Beachy Head ; but there is no place in the whole coast line, say between Dover and Portsmouth, where a harbour is so necessary as in Seaford Reach, to the west of the Head in ques• tion. At Newhaven they do not recommend any outlay of public money. Of Portland Isle they re port in the most favourable and decided terms, as excellently calculated for the construction of a break water, harbour, &c.; having abundant supplies, also, of good ss ater for the use of shipping. Added to all this, the execution of such works enable a squadron " Stationed at Portland to have under its protection, jointly with Dartmouth, all the intervening coast, and these places, with Plymouth, will complete the chain of communication and co- operation between Dover and Falmouth, a distance of 300 miles." Of Harwich Harbour it is said that " This harbour, formed by the junction of the rivers Stour and Orwell, is one of the finest, and may be ren dered one of the most useful havens in the kingdom. It has a sufficient depth of water and good holding ground over an extent capable of containing many hundred ships." And again, that " It is remarkably well-situated for the convenience of a north-sea squadron, and for the protection of the mouth of the Thames. " It is the only safe harbour along this coast, and is in the direct line of traffic between the Thames and the northern ports of the kingdom, as well as of the trade from the north of Europe. " There is a dockyard, with building slips belonging to the Crown, and the property under the Ordnance depart ment is extensive. After recommending the construction of a harbour, breakwater, &c., at Dover, at Seaford Reach, and at Portland Bay, and going into some details as to the proposed modes of construction, the Report gives this "approximated estimates" of the probable cost of such works :—Dover, 2,500,0001. ; Seaford, 1,250,000/.; Portland they, 500,000/.; Harwich Harbour Improve ments, 50,0001. ;—total, 4,300,0001. This is, un doubtedly, a very large sum of money, but not when weighed against the interests, the property, the honour, the safety, the independence which its outlay is so well calculated effectively and permanently to secure ;—which its non-expendi ture from day to day so deeply perils. If there be a difficulty under the present shattered and manacled condition of our currency about advancing or disbursing se large en additional expenditure, we would remark, first, that that expenditure must neces sarily be diffused over same three or four years ; secondly, that the same hand which has worked the existing disorganisation of our monetary system, may easily obviate any apprehended pressure upon its dimi nished resources of the nature we speak of, by issuing a co-equal amount of paper money,—call them Treasury-notes or small Exchequer-bills,—under the authority and responsitility of the Government, that Government engaging to receive them at its Exche • quer in payment of taxes, Customs' duties, &c., &c., an reporting every month the number so paid in, that the amount cancelled and the amount outstanding may be at all times within the cognisance of the public. Here would be "paper money" circulating, in the meanwhile, from hand to hand, which even the financial prudency of Sir R. PEEL could scarcely be scandalised at. We once more renew the expression of our deep solicitude that the recommendations of this important Report may receive the very earliest considerations of Parliament. It would be presumption in us to offer any opinion on the technical merits of the case on which, as we perceive, the unfortunate Baron DB BODE is still made to undergo the experimentum crucis of the law's machinery for releasing the Government from the payment of its just debts. No candid mind which has possessed itself of the general facts of this case can doubt of the soundness of the Baron's claims in reason and in equity. But all men of plain common sense, and a practical knowledge of affairs, may be allowed to doubt of the poor Baron's further powers of endurance. No man, among the many and dis- tinguished advocates which his " claims" have found in the House of Commons—(and of them there was none more eloquent than .Lord STANLEY himself) — no man but hits been fully satisfied of their moral validity before he pleaded in their behalf to the Go vernment present in the Legislature. But the affirmative opinion of the Legislature has been para lysed by the Government. We have seen, as in the last two or three discussions of the Danish claims, that the House may actually concur in an address to the Crown, recommending compensation for losses sustained by private individuals through acts of the Crown or its servants, which the Government will flatly refuse to support or counsel. It can be little satisfaction to the Baron to point to the various stages of his own protracted appeal for justice, with the view of showing how, step by step, the pleas which he has recorded have been consolidated and affirmed ; and the proofs, once vainly tendered, have been made out and admitted ;—if this sort of forensic " question" is still to be administered to him, so often as he per sists in re-affirming his rights. It seems that of three issues upon which his appeal was rested, the Court of Queen's Bench found for one (in spite of a vigorous resistance of the law officers of the Crown), and rejected two. On a subsequent occasion the appli cation by his counsel, to have effect given to this find ing—so far at least as related to the issue affirmed—is opposed by the Solicitor- General, praying that, since, if the two others could not be legally substantiated, so neither ought this to have been found, judgment may be pronounced for the Crown, upon the whole. This sort of defence to the claims seems to be the crowning mockery of that farce of remedial justice which is played, in this country, with disgraceful success whenever its subjects are the unrequited wrongs of such individuals as the Baron DE BODE, or that class of the Danish claimants who still remain without redress. The Baron's, it will be recollected, was a claim upon the enormous funds covenanted, on the part of France, at the end of the last war to be paid over to Commissioners, appointed by the British Government for making good to British subjects, whose property had been seized and confiscated by the French arms and authorities under certain cir cumstances, and within certain defined territories on the continent of Europe. The French Government most honourably discharged its undertaking, and paid the money in full. After a lapse of time, within the extreme limits of which it has been unsuccessfully attempted to show some of the Baron's claims or papers were not given in, the reception of claims, in the usual course of such commissions, ceased. It is enough to prove that his claims were registered, and that further proofs, documents, Scc., were de manded of, and supplied by him—to dispose of the attempted objection last noticed. What followed ? The bulk, if not the whole, of the other creditors' claims were disposed of—adjusted or refused; and there then remained a vast surplus—some hundreds of thousands, if we remember rightly—undisposed of. What became of that surplus ? Have we not the evidence of the enormous transfers made, in our owa opinion illegally made, by the French Commissioners to the Board of Woods and Forests; and by the Woods and Forests Board appropriated, to gratify the unscrupulous wishes of GEORGE the FOURTH, in de fraying the expenses of his architectural perpetra tions in the absurd monstrosity at Brighton, or the WYATVILLE "improvements" at Windsor Castle? But the money went to the Woods and Forests, and the Baron's claims to the wall• Is he not amply justified in assuming from this fact, in connexion with the often-exposed weakness and captiousness of the objections to his claims announced by the Trea sury, that he is the victim of an official mi'sppro priation which, for some reason or other, the succes sors of the wrong-doers will neither fairly submit to the examination of Parliament and the opinion of the public, nor manfully address themselves to provide compensation for. It has been well remarked that, in England, men in high office will commit themselves, as a Govern ment, to acts of gross oppression and injustice from the bare imputation of which each of them, as an in dividual, would recoil with horror. We would en treat her MAJESTY'S Ministers well to reconsider to what extent they are guilty of something eery like fraudulent conspiracy in persisting to refuse—after so emphatic a division as the very last taken in the House of Commons, on the third and only remaining class of unsatisfied Danish claimants—to liquidate such righteous demands ? We would respectfully invite them to reflect whether this pertinacious con- fflrrfting / 11n. LONDON, FRIDAY, JANUARY 31, 1845. " The new movement against the Government system of education," says the Times of yesterday, " originating out of the recent declaration of the Primate and the other Prelates, is rapidly extending itself throughout the different dioceses of Ireland. Cork and Limerick have already pronounced, and this day brings the manifesto of the clergy of Ardagh ; so that, whatever views Sir ROBERT PEEL may en tertain with regard to his promise at the close of last session upon the subject of education, it is not likely that they will be carried into effect without an opposition which, perhaps, was not calculated upon at the period of their enunciation." This opposition can scarcely have been unexpected by the Premier, who knows the Protestant temper of Ireland quite as well, if not better, than any statesman of the day. He must have foreseen the brewing hurricane, when as yet it was but a distant speck on the horizon. But we do most confidently hope and believe that the storm which will soon be bursting and whistling about his ears, and which we foresee will not be in ferior to that caused by Catholic Emancipation, will have no other effect on him than to confirm him in his resolution of redeeming his volunteered pledges strictly to the letter. On no other terms can Ireland be even partially reconciled to England. By no other means can O'Connellism—which is nothing more than the embodiment of a spirit of just discontent— be extinguished. The times are peculiarly favour able for the Premier's experiment. The busy hum of industry is again heard in the manufacturing districts ; the finances of the country are in an unusually flou rishing condition ; political parties seem, in a great degree, to have lost the fury and bitterness that once characterised them ; and, whether deserving of it or not, there is no question that, just at the present moment, Sir ROBERT PEEL exercises a very com manding influence, as well without as within the walls of Parliam en t. N ow , th ere f o re, we repeat, is the best time for his commenc i ng th e gran d experiment of the pacification of Ireland. He will, of course, meet with much and violent opposition, but his chief opponents will be the Irish Orangemen and the English Tories ; and these, fortunately, are t wo b ro k en an d sca tt ere d parties—the forlorn-hope of Bigotry I—whose political ascendancy is for ever departed. But were it not so— were these factions much stronger than they are at present—still, there is a spirit of liberality in the RNING, JANUARY 31 / 1845. test with Ow Baron DE BODE to prevent ids taking; any benefit even' under this limited findinv by a court of lf,w in his bivour, does not s•iv , ,ur move or ;) feeling of petsonal anitno-ity and official pi , rserution, than of a conscientious eonNiction_ ~n their owil parn. that his chtims re unfo',ind= it, and a digi,ifieti expre,- sion of that corivietihn ? The man ha, been cru ill used: he has rallied, bravely, atter every def. :it, and sternly renewed his applications, unmodified, un disguised. The Parliamentary friends who have gone into his case and disinterestedly supported it are confirmed in their good opinion of it, surely, to the extent of the issue which has been found for. It is to be lamented that Secretaries of the Treasury and Chancellors of the Exchequer are apt to be governed by one maxim only—when there is money to repay, the inconvenience and burden to be imposed on the public by each repayment. This inconvenience and burden are never once thought of by them when the question is—to take money into the Government coffers from the public. We remember that Mr. Srnitso RICE was quite pathetic in denouncing the "mischief" of entertaining these claims. He en tered no protest against the enormity of denying them, if they were just. Mr. Gotu.nnast, with equal levity, appears to assume that they have no foundation, because predecessors of Mr. Sramo RICE, who were members of a, Tory or Conservative Go vernment, had not confirmed them. He conveniently forgets that - they had already misapplied the funds ; so that, justly or unjustly, the Baron's demands must have bean "dishonoured," on account of "no effects" in the French Claims Commission. Upon these facts, which we have rapidly sketched from memory, but apprehend to be stated with substantial correctness, we do trust that the Government may speedily be brought to look upon the Baron's case more in the feeling of investigators and referees—less in that of interested opponents. It is a sorry contrast which the tricky, " sharp practice" defence that successive E-glish Governments have made to these claims, offers to the- liberality and gocd faith of a former French Government in paying over the moneys out of which they should have been defrayed, if they come (as we presume they do, and as our own Minis ters do not seem to dispute) within the spirit and meaning of the terms of the Commission, even though, in a technical point of view, they should happen to be just short of the threshold of its letter and its legal scope. Madrid journals of the 22d have been received. The Gazette contains a dispatch from the Captain- General of Burgos, announcing the capture and exe cution of ZURBANO. VILLALONGA, with a savage bar barity, rejoices that, having had the good fortune to dispatch some fifteen " astute Carlists" in a similar way, it should have fallen to his lot to be the means of inflicting the last punishment on ZURBANO, and recommends for promotion those who traced to his den the wretched old man, half dead with disease and mental sorrow. ORME, it was said, would be tried in a few days, for not showing like barbarity and dis patch towards his two sons. . The Three per Cents. closed at 311 for cash, and 324 at 60 days ; the Five per Cents. at 24 at 60 days; and the Debt without Interest at 7 1-16 at 60 days. All the Paris journals put forth articles on the Ministerial crisis, the importance of which not one denies—not even the only two that support the GUIZOT Cabinet. The Journal des Debats admits that the Ministry have received a check which is by no means decisive, or shakes their moral force. It cannot be denied that the tone of this jour- nal is anything but satisfactory. It tries, how ever, to put the best face on the untoward result. " The Cabinet," it says, " has had only eight votes majority—what ought it to do ? Ought it to retire ? It must be allowed that nothing obliges it to such a step. To retire is a constitutional necessity only when one has lost the majority. Eight votes are a very small majority, it is true; but they are a majority ! With a majority of eight votes, the Whig Cabinet lasted three years in England. Let us add that the intrigue employed all its means in this last affair—intimidation, threats, seduction—and that the Ministry, on its side, obtained from the Chamber the most explicit and most complete approbation that perhaps a majority ever consented to give in France ! We know, in fine, the force of all the political consi derations which have been advanced to engage the Ministry to keep its post. Its resolution is taken. State reasons have appeared to it to demand that it should attempt new struggles; we shall not abandon it; we shall support it to the end in its noble and glorious career. The majority is small, but it exists ; it is resolute and firm ; nothing ought to be despaired of." The other Ministerial journal encourages the Cabinet to remain firm, and tells the Opposition that though they can raise an outcry against the present policy, and by intrigue among the Government of the KING, they have no chance for place, because they are com posed of such heterogeneous materials that they cannot work together." " The Ministry will re main," are the words of the Globe. "We do not say this to the Conservatives, with whom it is not and cannot be a question for a moment ; but we tell it to to the ambitious Members of the Opposition, in order that they may provide themselves with a stock of patience, because the places they besiege will not be surrendered to them. The Cabinet will remain, because it has the majority ; it is its duty to do so, be cause it represents a party and not a heterogeneous mass. Pardieu! it would in truth be too accommo dating to surrender the power when it is well es tablished—when it has overcome all difficulties — when it has created prosperity at home and peace abroad! Opposition would become at once a most delightful trade. At once it would drive out a Ministry by its injurious attacks, and gain, at its expense, popularity among the lovers of disorder And,after having thus done it wrong, its place would be taken ; its successors would glorify themselves with its works, and thus, at its expense, gain popularity among men of good sense. Being only stupid and pilfering drones, they would make themselves pass for industrious and skilful bees. We are very sorry, gentlemen, but this will not be. When you want a majority, you will make it for yourselves; when you wish to have the confidence of the Chamber, you must endeavour to deserve it ; when you wish to hold places, you must take them as you can get them ; but nothing will be given up to you. You must not expect to receive alms at the expense of the Charter and the rules of the Constitution." Against these two journals are arrayed all the other journals of the metropolis ; but the GUIZOT Ministry is not singular in that respect. It has more support from the press than even the PEEL Cabinet, with a hundred backers in the C Anmons. The Paris Opposition press, as compared with the Ministerial, is about as ten to two, while Sir ROBERT PEEL here has only one daily paper to sup port him. We subjoin, for the amusement of our readers, brief extracts from the motley press opposed to the Guizor Cabinet, and begin with the journal patronised by the candidate for GUIZOT'S place. "Thu Ministry," says the Constitutionnel, " cannot, without dishonour, remain in office, after the declarations made from the tribune by MM. Guizor, DUCHATEL, and DUMON, that they would resign if the Chamber did not afford them a clear, firm, and complvte co operation." "Let us now," says the Constitutionnel, "scrutinise the majority obtained to-day by the Cabinet. It consists of four votes, and there are six Ministers. In England, as well as in France, a majority so feeble is, for every Cabinet wl dch respects itself, a signal of retreat. Some years ago Count MOLE gave in his resignation, and only withdrew it afterwards to dissolve the Chamber, because he had obtained but 221 votes against 213—difference, 8 votes ; majority, 4 ; pre cisely the same number. On the day following the vote MM. GUIZOT and DUCKATEL declared that Count MoLE should either retire or dissolve the Chambers, or otherwise be wanting in all the condi tions of Parliamentary government and political ho nour. Nevertheless, the majority of M. MOLE was more clear than that of the present Ministry to-day, for nobody then abstained from voting. To-day nine Deputies present took no part in the proceeding. In these cases, to abstain was to blame. To the 205 op ponents must consequently be added nine votes to enable us to learn what the Chamber thinks of the Ministry. The indemnity was condemned by 214 votes against 213. The Ministry was consequently left in a minority. This vote is not accidental. On ' Saturday the opposing majority was certain. The day before another amendment had been rejected after flr2 . ; rity, !“1 , far front bC.a)K firm, eonrelt.&: , ,,, ;cid a' required, doe, not exist The Ministry e:tt.er retire or the (.natnl•f...r. This is tjJ , ti;-e; a klouhti&. the etrtrary would he n iug a;,d hselt:,7;sc.,)n tradi.•th,n give! to thentsvives. Nevertheit ss, we liave bP,-n iteAt ftry ud , ,pt phi 14,4 graceful tOteinative. It he eon eely ihtormed, AI. GUIZOT said, on leaving the Chamber, 'I should have remained with one vote; I have three; that is three times more than I require!'" The National, though delighted at the result, has no great hopes from the amalgamation of parties. " 11 hen the numbers of the ballot were announced," says that paper, " the Opposition, en masse, set up such a shout of bravos that we thought the walls of the building would give way. 'What is the meaning of all these transports? What base you gained? Who will replace the Cabinet expiring under your blows ?" It thus describes the scene : " The atmosphere on Monday last appeared to an nounce an unlucky day. A cold wind drove with it torrents of rain, and "a thick fog covered the city. At the Chamber of Deputies all was moNement and agita tion. Scarcely had the .President taken his seat than an immense crowd rushed into the hall. After some words from M. Gamier Pages and M. Billault, M. Dumon, the Minister for Public Works, ascended the tribune, and demanded that the Chamber should declare its opinion, not indirectly or equivocally, but publiely, and in an explicit manner. To which appeal his friends responded with loud applause. The Chamber was about to vote, when the President an nounced that twenty Ministerialists had demanded the secret ballot. At this announcement contemptuous laughter was heard from the Opposition benches. The names of the Members were called, the anxiety became extreme, the Deputies rose, and;',the balls fell into the ballot-box. The white advanced with the courage derived from their masks ; the black dashed for ward boldly, showing the colour of their balls. At length the ballots were counted, and the President declared the result. On this we thought the walls of the Chamber would have burst, the Opposition, in a body, raised such a shout. M. Vivien having been called on to develop an amendment of which he had given notice, replied, In the existing state of affairs I withdraw my amendment.' The greater part of the Opposition Members abstained from voting. If about eight Deputies had not lent their aid to the feeble majo rity, the final ballot on the Address would have been null for want of a sufficient number of voters. Such is the history of the sitting. The majority seen by the board on Saturday clearly consisted but of three, or rather, there was no majority for Ministers, because the members of the board should be deducted from it ; and the decided energetic maj rity demanded by M. Guizot consisted on Monday but of eight, of which six were Ministers." The Courrier Francais, another Radical paper, says it is all up with GIJIZOT, but fears he will cling to the sinking vessel to the last : " After the vote of the Chamber, might it not be justly said to Ministers,:.Et nunc ibtelligl.,l or, according to an old translation,' Is it clear?' The Ministry ought to comprehend that it is not in vain that an appeal is made in France to the sentiment of national :dignity ; the conscience of the Parliament satisfies such a cry, or the echo of this cry, which infalliby resounds in the conscience of the country. After four years of a system of humiliation, concessions, pusillanimous arrangements, and disavowal; the Cabinet of October 29 has not any longer permission to sport with the honour of France as with a toy that is out of fashion, which has no weight in the balance of its great policy I The Chamber has spoken. What do you wait for ? Retire, or if you dare it, pronounce a dissolution ; appeal from the judgment of the Chamber to that of the country ; place your policy before the electors, and try ! You will not venture it. You will drag on under the weight of your unpopularity, without either knowing how to redeem your faults or quit power. Your barque is reduced to place its flag half-mast high, but you will not abandon it, bearing, as it does, your fortunes and your portfolios ; you will wait until the opinion of the Chamber and of the country withdraws from you the last wave ; and rather than renounce the last hope of saving your wretched cargo, it suits you better to go ashore in the mud and be shipwrecked in the filth." The Siecle thus exults in the victory : " The result, under which the Ministry remained as if thunderstruck, is known—an absolute majority . of three votes, to which the support of the six Ministerial Depu ties contributed. And to the imposing minority which had just protested against the humiliation inflicted on France must be added, according to the avowal of M. Guizot and M. Dumon, the Conservatives who had ab stained from voting, and eight or ten of whom, present at the sitting, remaining motionless on their benches, had protested in their manner by silence ! The minority thus exceeded by several votes the number of the Ministerial voters ; it was a victory for the Opposition—a solemn protest in the name of France. Moved by the same impression, all comprehended it at the same time, and applause burst forth, the acclamations of the tribunes responded, and this enthusiasm was immediately communicated to the crowd which from the morning had besieged the doors of the Chamber ! We shall not abuse the advan tage given us by yesterday's result to attack the decision of the bureau on Saturday. We believe that every one is now convinced of the necessity of introducing into the regulations a means of conciliating the certain verifica tion with a publicity of voting. This question will re turn before the Chamber ; and the Opposition will at a later period bring these party quarrels to a conclusion. At this moment, it is sufficient for it to have mortally struck a disastrous administration. To those English journals which exposed to the gaze of John Bull, three days back, in immeasurable letters, the triumph of M. Guizot, we send back as our answer the official bulletin of his defeat. Let us hope that this example will not be lost on his successors, and that it will remind foreign Governments of the respect, too much forgotten, of the rights and dignity of France." Queen CHRISTINA'S journal, the'Pr esse, considers the fall of the Ministry sealed, and but kindly pro mises to show zeal and devotion in their cause if they would only have the goodness to walk out of office : " The political importance of the votes yesterday can not be concealed. We shall, however, leave to other journals the task of developing it ; for if we have not ceased for a single day during a period of three years to warn the Cabinet—to endeavour to restrain it—to check it on the edge of the precipice, down which imprudent flatterers were precipitating it, we have never had a thought or a desire of overturning it. We have on all occasions attacked only its faults, and if it. should think itself bound to retire, the eminent men who compose it, whose character we honour, and whose immense talent we admire, will carry with them our regrets. The sincerity of our devotedness may have appeared doubt ful to them whilst in power ; but once their resigna tions given in, this doubt can no longer exist in their minds." The France says, "The Cabinet may be regarded as overthrown, as an existence at its last gasp. It must not be forgotten, however, that there are people who are not to be turned out of doors by the most decided means of moral expulsion." According to the Revue de Paris, the dissenting Conservatives did all the mischief :—" Those Conser vatives who had seceded from the Ministry, remained firm in their resolution to the last, with the exception of five or six. Fifteen constantly voted with the left centre. The Ministerial majority, on Saturday, against the amendment of M. DE CARNE, would not have been so considerable, if a friction of the extreme left had not persevered in voting against it." To con clude the summary, we give the opinion of the Quoti dienne, the bitter enemy of the present dynasty : "As to us, it is of little consequence whether M. Guizot remains or retires. The country is warned ; it will not shut its eves—at least if we can help it. Two hundred and five Deputies Lave firmly refined to sub scribe to the fresh shame which the system wanted to impose on France. From whatever part they come wo thank them all, and we salute with gratitude this evi dence of a regeneration which cannot be far remote. French in heart as well as by birth, what we want above all is that our country shall never lower its flag ; shall never be wanting to her glorious destiny ; shall be always that which our fathers have made her at the cost of so much blood and so many sacrifices, by so many heroic efforts, by so profound a sentiment of the mission which she holds from God himself;—grand, free, strong, and proud !" The following are miscellaneous extracts from the papers : " It was M. Dupla," says the Globe, "who, standing at the foot of the tribune, prevented the Opposition Mem bers from voting, in order that there might be no Ad dress to the King. This was surely a very fine part to he played by a man who calls himself a supporter of the Constitution, and who, scarcely a month ago, solicited the Conservatives for their votes to make him President of the Chamber." We read in the Dehats—" The news which we gave on Saturday of Zurbano's execution was officially con firmed yesterday. He was shot in the town of Logrono on the 21st. He died with courage. like a soldier, and even with repentance, it is said, cursing his wife for having urged him to revolt, and for having caused his death, as well as that of his two sons." A letter from Lucerne of Jan. 24, in the Zurich Ga. rate, says :—" Dr. Steiger, who was arrested forty eight days back, was at last set at liberty yesterday. Although the hour was late when the news was made public, a crowd of persons hastened to manifest their sympathy with this courageous man. The Executive Council has replied by a decided refusal, to the applica tion of Berne to suspend the calling in of t he Jesuits until a decision was come to on the wish expressed by Zurich, referring to the law on the veto and to the can tonnal sovereignty. The same authority has complained to Argau of the ill-usage which several persons from Lucerne have undergone in the canton, and has de manded, besides, that the refugees of Lucerne should be removed from the frontier." A letter from Constantinople, of the Bth, announces the death of Athanase, the Patriarch of Jerusalem, at a very advanced age. The same letter mentions a report that new troubles have broken out in Bulgaria, on the frontiers of Servia and Wallachia, at the very moment when the political agent of the Sovereignty of Servia was neg - Aiating an amnesty with the Ottoman Porte fur insurrectional movement individuals compromised in the former movement in Bulgaria. A letter from Alexandria, Dec. 27, says The Vic‘- . roy has re.o:red yo hate the iiirc' s rr,ed th(: Nile i-xa d -ut.. The en;,,ot't ,r, NiontfeT , t ,' " o - tder with the task. Ile is too toF; ane, Frh. Inachinei. The Vie , rc,y g has 80 - 0 0 to v.cofu};a;.ti hi,:: in th, j._,tont , .. he is a o,-tf. 'Fi.e Hat w: ilia totnorro" CH E 1301".1R5E--'cuEst,A, .JAS• Lset . fr,ce„ ie: ' . • ' er: ' ....I 80 *22 .• 8 " s 411 Tore , Per . ••5 lo s 5 10 - A 5, • 86 43 New Loan ........ 86 45 • 8 6 50 200 Bank of 3 6 2 3 6 0 0 • 3626300 .326 0 ‘ . i03 5 Gouin Bank. I,ooof. Shares 1085 1085 .. 1085 " A - 630 ts“doelal , Fives. 1,440 BA% .. 1134 ?P0,5•; 6 06 4 1, 1842 „ 1 1 .6% 10 (-6 10q,2 ' Two-and-a-Half.... 62 10 62 10 • • 02 ' 1° 40% 4pan.isb Threes .••• • • • • 40% 4074 • 40% ' •,•8 Active • ... •• • • ,„ :48 38 .. 33 • 6% Passive 6A •• 0 7(i b 9 Portuguese Five per Cents.. 59 .. 59 • • 59 •• 1 1 • R 6 a l an ••••• • • •• ••• •• 105 .- 105 • 105 RAILW A.Y .4171. A RES 00 4; Versailles. R. 8.•• •• • • 500 .. 500 500 50 5185 ‘" L.R .............383 75 .. 383 75 • 382 Renal 1( - 70 .. 1070 , • 1 067 ' n " v 62 '- Rouen to Havre.. •• • • • 865 „ 865 .. 36 2 5 ' 5 ~ 11 3 Orleans sAtvr tbour. . gt 0;01 Bale. 1.1 1 53 1 2 3 005 1 25 .•1135 ,226 0028 • , 1 ,155 20 9 0 9 62 ro RAI-1 14 AY FOR THE ACCOUNT, FEB 7. 4 ,1 50 Versailles, R. 8............. 585 487 50 .. 0 2 80 L. 8.•• 382 50 382 50 .. 380 1 070 2 50 ..1066 25 •• t o 50 1072 50 - 107 Rouen to Ravre.• •• •• 866 25 867 50 • I ' s 03 O sfr l as ea b n tir s 1313025 50 1135 113 6 0 3 5 15 306 25 313 70 925 Avignon to:Marseilles • 625 „ 925 921 ' • A.-- of tbi THE EARL OF MORNINGTON. — Th a s tate -- venerable nobleman was rather more favourable. Si; terday ; the reply to inquiries at his Lordsb i P t a ble sidence was—" His Lordship has passed a tel e r good night, and is a little better than he wee seve r day." Her Majesty, Prince Albert, and the ri members of the Royal Family se nt to make incited. and the calls of the nobility and gentry were el— ingly numerous. CHANGES IN THE CAl3ll°l. (From the Times.) see i Although several important change s in t h e pre oc b Administration have, for some time p ast, been tae discussed, and confidently anticipated , the apPnil 00, which are at this time understood to be e letertn iee t o f De and still more the secession from t he Gover,llenbstst one of its most active and inte lli g ent t he are, for the most part unexpecte d by the P Of these occurrences, the most unforeseen t 01 significant is the resignation and retir.geele°olol, the President of the Board of Trade. ate' stone's name has been connected, from the rtr i ,:of his first appearance in the world, with 000'°;,tion' very decided character ou several importaut which have no reference whatever to bie o f tbe flo or duties as the commercial Minister empire. But these speculative opinions ore r: to have divided the Hon. Gentleman from oelf leagues on some of the most important meters to be brought before Parliament ; a nd 'be ma infer infer that those measures will prove 0 0, sir such moment to the welfare of the 'United I ( i n ,gt j e d I )° , r d especially to the tranquillity of the most egi t t o stei tion of it, that they will afford a sufficient color; GIs:: for the loss of so active a public servant es te of P l ,„, stone. The vacancy thus arising at the e,. Board of Trade will be tilled by - Lord Pill"u,Spot the Vice-President of that department, bu t l 'isiete be ..l seat in the Cabinet. Mr. Ca dvvell, the fir r sor T riag fur Clithero, is named as . the succee f , Dalhousie in the Vice-Presidency of the Bosr a ° sett' —an office which is usually accornpanied-with 8 00 e ; the Privy Council. The vacancy occasioned the pre 6e ; signation of the Secretaryship of Ireland bY f t ; erwel Lord St. Germains, upon the death of bie ;I t be e _r b his consequent accession to the succeededw'isir PI( y Sir Thomas Fremantle, who it 7 r Hardinge last spring as Secretary at 7,1 1 5-. 0 ° t he Sydney Herbert takes the War• office, tell?! is the Cabinet ; and the Earlof L . In tis° 'en loco to $ 0 Cabinet, retaining his present office et t he ear of Woods and Forests. The retire Siq. John Barrow, and the promotion of "',F . ill e t rei Herbert, leave both the Secretar)sh i P e 111) " to miralty at the disposal of the Govern sent i r 0 1 4, trust they will be filled in such w a°ll t d e ent meet all the claims of that most iroporteun- coutif went, and to deserve the confidence of $1,72" Mr. Corry has been mentioned es ere f o ret. e t i tl O . Herbert's successor. The Ministry, tb ;di upon the labours of the approaching se ll* Ow' z 6 'o accession to office of several of the leti n % pet • l a ser the Conservative party, and animated, "I",c'aing resolution and a spirit to encounter the J e- o cl tif tiona of the time in a ceinprehensiee roitte°4l manlike spirit. The position of affairs its s ° ; favourab!e to the introduction of se o , ll ;potie e9 ,o measures, which require not only wise 01— D olts" 0 6 a strong Government, but favourable 14 re „,'" The prosperity of the country and the eu rP too r' co , suggest such an appropriation of the public 1 : 0 01 /10 1 may ward off future embarassmeets, exten u a sft 5 0 0 , t merce, improve our arts, and protect ou r ° fee°, ; Ou; position of parties in Ireland ' exhibits re r- teri ? ' transformation of the seculardisputes of and we can scarcely remember any ferrir r ac e° ,l o/ tbe ° if/ peri 0 0 which a Government had before it g reate r 1- be e 'V I ' and occasions to promote the public good, o r w e e it s V vents able to encourage its friends ands ilenNbic by a policy worthy of the great pa rt y in office. TAXATION:,,,,,, sr/Y . O iiif,l TO THE EDITOR OF Tri -D 0e15 55 p '; SlR,—The time must soon come when tte r• , e to" bt making h o e th s tro ngw.i impoliticl l That c l e aa a nt s ( e i b . ei nTgh unjustte h et sooner oc at stle,it th t e h i e s wy b e se e r. n! cl o e p ocgs. ;is oil eit e o, ful that personal property should b,. 6 „ - ii : i t ' te J e t° legacy duty, and real property e xemPt : r ; o be 4 c ' e r; it is dishonest, and until real proper t i ' 5 ,0. , c -',,r, the duty, di satisfaction will justly Pr e: , - aotp' Peel has the means of imposing a lane .betel, 1 real estates, and it is but honest that be DOP 0' Jan. 29, 1845. RIOT elf a 11 1 1 , 0 9 e willao h r o the.nS ge . esdttla course ao Sir surirra Parliament e ai.ni ßobert ny t good oeo approaching p o hr e oo s t a te n oh o si t sneg s s t s e se e ss r s i 00 - t , i i 1, li ft , - ,' s c ' : ti e n y m eets—S A iof; ------- tbso c'r,"bori,,,tf; SIR W. FOLLETT.—We have More • st o ,s , o i. o f pleasure in being able to state , on the b e e ifea d g that very favourable accounts ha ve been. re ,, c v err 4 be iti o f William Follett's health, and that there 10: f hg r ii i his immediate return to this country, 41 ',, u p ° P e : of I sufficiently re-established to undertake t" - fro jet l " „ . 1 his duties in Parliament at the commene• pv session.— Il'este. , tt Luminary. o r 0 $ e 0 0 4 ; THREATENED GENERAL STOrrAO g tO t a b 11 1 0 ' ci AT HEywooD.—The power-loom we3fer";. J°'-oll4'r ber of about 200, in the employ of gesse for 003 rake r ~ t "d e t lef , t it b e otp i o? r , Kay and Sons, at Heywood, who struol They V I ef, T ot of wages six weeks ago, are still out. l ie-1 1°11 :0 A fl i t)i maalm hosatnevh-eerlyddsaeyveartalsonTgeetoliflgthse p ub lie Qii e fro o 41 sters ins Inn on the subject, and have received turn-outs in (Tder to arrange the n? t ,t e a l ty ° l , 3 lo ' ,„ P ilo' effect. The result has been that. on ro ds ths' ir yill" day last, many gave notice to their 11511,..5e the g ee teen days from that time they would oi l ; ot ers t )(; Yesterday it was rumoured that all the 0 . 0 111 e ',ol l ` i iiii tendiog to sto their factories if the tu h e ester 6 0 00 f 0 t ilt Kay's is not spe(lily arranged.— 00 of ~fobs A MIRACULOUS ESCAPE.-00 , a isb it 4si,ia„l s : last, shortly after six o'clock, to the 11 °'1' 1 , ra" 011 ape men attending the luggage trains in the w ith," fr Wapping, a female, completely coverern t he t",, 0 ° t 0 .4 1 sand, was seen suddenly to e merge fr e— , a 13°` to t r being questioned as to who she was, litr e ha t there, she said her name was Marfaret t , 0 0 a ., ii i resided in Temple -buildings, Dlilstreeb. 116btliereted the previous evening she Went to see h he lef t ,,, 0:f til' ther, who resides at Edge-hill : tb° 3 5 0 it h e- ,:r oe 'l 4 ;i at night, lost her way, and falling (1°`":0,, to . '," e ii Fob A much stunned by, the fall, and on coif , ' illecitelly Ole; covered she was in the tunnel. Sb e a l scar e t :. o o ll ' f it l e ii t and made all haste out of it. She 11 e 0 ' age te e I°o her tale when the Grand Junction Ingl o i e 1 , , ot io o, at the bottom of the tunnel, and , b a iett he io ac /4 0 :0 minutes later, it would have 001° 00 1 40 0 t n l, i,' probably have crushed her to pieces',, fell I : 8 tti l/ t l /' but the poor woman, from some cau g `_!, o f t`' Ole ' 0 of the embankment, near the entranovot ' n ye o b. Edge-hill, and afterwards had thus g f e 04 En g l u i s m h o l u a r d s y o o f f felony,, ° fl) Liverpool Paper. :f o ul er : l s t ob tir e r e r' i i 0 0: o e r ' r ec' too, : but we trust they will be found to ~o r 0 , '9 l ' O f a ran v ic ery an i d ai of c i ti parties are in Italy. —Post. ~her iss tIO BRITISH MUSEUM.--The nu.-- aut iaa t i t li - 0 ' public rooms of this national in st ''' red ' , tef e rii cowl ° 542,937, being an increase, 0 5 - V ill e Vt' The tls tit ceding year (1843), of 25,497,...,- my .- it to jefor PRESENT TO THE LORD ALE". o f fi of the , 07 -It ' les• '' it3 o 0 1 II , Company presented a large otlantitf floe ,cle°rOl‘ri Mayor, consisting chiefly of nrP it w as oldoosef, oto tion neatly observed, that the tr",._ r t he g i ly el' nish an abundance of apple-sauce Iu leo ti/o d t he , 0 0l his Lordshi had partaken 5 ° _;0, i ll) r ,,ce ti o ill Mayor's day.. The Lord 111ayor st" w arli f u Don bowed and retired. — rye , that tit . to Pere Dear Gun,--I have observea o nfl c i; o ° o r e companions, who go out resolving _ ~ to o , 0 4/ _ce el done u p hod by .oP ; le'. for an entire evening, are '` , e tho to trY„ li, e 1: 1 1, they expect, for the want of a '—,, Dleas7 oieer',ooA.tr might economise their jokes.fire.l r o ff pe : 5 , ' t , r s f off is, in their opinion, to b e be treat 6 r on e° oo l4 P l in the same evening, but is too ethe r el; t he %,,cC e io ° , powder. This opinion is sitg e o un e; 0 4 0 0 0‘ e ,,0$ 1 , a little tact, I flashed off the s Oll ' arl" 411 0 ‘i'lll n ing , 5 f4 • 1 0 1 4 four times last Tuesday e` e n th° 0 0 ° io. ,o°' every time. The following c' ,oo ba ll- 1 .,2:, , 1 3e :irer, how I managed :—Why 15 1 1 ra titl 11 01 6re 'ot l e he 15 •ke • )r us e 0 slumber like' six ?-13ecaus0 - h 11 1 to , ,i e ep w ho „rye if) ly is man who is scarcely at all ° ion ?,,,,P,001‘300 he is not half-a-tlozin. WhY f , i e b eve i ' it et i) i t t °. ~, ping into a gentle slumber Irs tit ~a r se se ows. 4 1 's more than half-a-dozin. Will: Dctt;'-ireal sorer" 10:, lours, very truly, kentle slumber like twelve, _.,,.0.....-t.-7..Drsteo,„clof,. AN ECON°7:t to OF'o'f „'"eor.ol,4le.'; INcENDIARISM.--We re gret p i•Em o rtb , , p s , ,,l r o .r k stances of this crime. ° n t f 'l i Pbar eg 'cl og o li c t the premises of Mr. Ilarrison,:d tw o it . , and Orpsoi were discovered to boon fir e ! 5 01 , ( 1 e t ;: t ro4 e t r, o.;et e oe a cow-house with three COw' we re u: to " I .l r e• ii 't if l ," with a large quantity of corr)oogiulnd py ~ ` ,l , 1 1 . ,,Ce day night a bean-stack, o' 1 de!Ltre:et,'S I °ll ef ej. Walsham-le-Wil]ows, was e d in o l d oco l other fires have lately oc ell. boo torh instance have the perpetrit bridge Adve, tiler. t