The Sun. — London, England, 1844-11-25 00:00:00

SPIRIT of the PUBLIC JOURNALS.; FROM THE EVENING PAPERS OF SATURDAY. GLOBE.—Mr. O'Connell has returned to his first love. If we may judge from the warm reception he received at Limerick on 'Wednesday last, his " in fidelity" to " Simple Repeal" has been pardoned. His philandering with federalism, and his coquetting with rotatory Parliaments have ceased. Henceforth repeal is to be the mistress of his undivided a*etions, and to promote and further its attain ment, the one engrossing business of his life. Whatever the great Agitator may have lost in cha racter among thinking men in this country by his re cent inexplicable tactics—which involve inconsistency, and, for a time, evinced vacillation—he has lost little, if any, of that mighty influence over the mass of his countrymen by which he holds them captive, and moves them, hither and thither, at his will. The " great Munster meeting "—a procession and a ban quet on a grand scale, to celebrate his liberation, and that of his companions, will recal the scenes of Mullaghmast and Tara, and the other " monster meetings" of last year. As an exhibition of public feeling, the affair seems to have been impres sive. The experiment of getting up a public demon stration—somewhat hazardous, with O'Connell's speeches in praise of federalism still ringing in the ears of his followers— has succeeded. It will, doubt less, tend to recover whatever of public confidence O'Connell might have lost, and to re-animate the apparently abated fervour of the Irish people in their pursuit of the repeal project, which he now affirms is essential to the peace and prosperity of the country—the one pan acea f or th e ev il s w el c h press upon the great mass of its inhabitants. Mr. O'Connell's speech to the assembled multitudes was signally bold—we had almost said, daring. The passages from his speeches at the " monster meet ings," which were adduced on the recent trial, as calculated to excite the passions of the assembled mul titudes, and thus endanger the public peace, were re produced, as though he courted the attention and invoked the vengeance of the Government. We now repeat, what we have said on former similar occa sions, that to set forth in the hearing of a pro miscuous multitude of partisans—and these of the lowest class—the numbers that are ready to employ physical force—to fight, to die, for a given object, has a direct tendency to endanger the public peace. Exhortations to refrain from violence—while the ex horter is sedulously impressing upon them their power of achieving the object which is set before them as franght with personal and patriotic advantages —may succeed for a time ; but it will, sooner or later, be in effectual. We can hardly concede to the individual who adopts such a mode of address the claim of sincerity. 'We deprecate—deplore—denounce—the employment of such appeals. To scatter com bustibles, which a spark may ignite, among materials such as those by which O'Connell is surrounded, is dangerous, and may be destruc tive. It is no excuse for Mr. O'Connell that he can refer to forty-one occasions on which he used similar language, and no breach of the peace ensued. If any outrage result, on any occasion, after such language has been addressed by him to the multi tude, it world be difficult for him to persuade an im partial jury that his speech was not an incentive to the act. Nor would his exhortation to abstain from using the invincible power they possessed, be consi dered as anything better than a subterfuge, to pro tect himself from the persoaal consequences of preaching sedition, and exciting the multitude to violence. STANDARD.—The Morning Chronicle has to day an article of some length upon what it is pleased to call Sir Robert Peel's anti-Brazilian policy. Now the policy in question is anti-Brazilian only in this, that it gives first a preference to our own colonial sugar, next in order a preference to sugar the product of free labour, in whatever country grown. A British and anti-slavery policy (be they always united) it certainly is ; but in no respect is it anti- Brazilian more than it is anti-Cuban, or anti anything rise. It is the Morning Chronicle that compli ments the Brazils by representing those countries as the embodied type of the accursed slave trade, the Brazils being also the special clients of " the League." The question of slavery apart, however, we have suf ficient proof that nothing less than the sacrifice of our colonies will satisfy the rapacity of the Brazilian Go prnment. Baron Langsdorff, the Envoy of the French Government, sent with a proposition for the rdnewal of the expiring commercial treaty be tween France and the Brazils—without any sti- Ftlation in favour of free labour produce—has I. teed no better than Mr. Ellis. The Brazilian Government will listen to nothing less than an lisolute monopoly of the sugar trade ; and this monopoly M. Guizot is as little dis pesed to grant, to the destruction of the French colo r :03 and to the ruin of the home manufacture from 1 eetroot, as Sir Robert Peel to concede the sacrifice (if all our tropical dependencies. The Brazils, there f ,re bid fair for a condition of commercial " isolation." Tisk seems foolish ox the part of the Government f Ifio ; but, after all, that Government is, perhaps, ii a so much to blame for the folly. The free traders of this country have been for years exag• verating the importance of the Brazil trade to our manufactures, and the power of Brazilian Government to exclude our r: duce to a degree to persuade the Brazi -1 ,ns that they may dictate what to - ms they p'ease to England, and as, it plain from Baron Langsdorff's loll:7e, to France also. The folly, howtver pre (laced, of Brazilian isolation, can he cured only by a sharp lesson, and that lesson is in preparation. The F. ht)ol.naster will he soon abroad in the unwel ene garb of a smuggler, unwelcome we mean to Govermnent, but always too welcome to the .ople, and he will not he long in teaching the utter feipossibility of withholding from the people what they want .or desire, along a frontler of 7,000 or 8,000 rules at the very least. The Brazilians have the best imaginable means of knowing the impossi bility of guar4ing, by any expense of money, skill, and zeal, a coast of half the extent of their frontier; fer they pursue their murderous trade of man-smug gling along the whole coast of western Africa, almost nemolested, notwithstanding all that England and France can do to interrupt it. If, under the advice of our "Leaguers,' they persist in their ridiculous s. heme of isolation, they wi'l soon have their practices retorted upon them, though in an infinitely bu zeanized form. In the article to which we refer, the Mnrming Chronicle modestly claims for the Vt'higa the credit of the success of the 13:itish arms 1 in China, and the acquisition of the China trade. T ;is is somewhat more than commonly audacious. What was the state of affairs in China when the Whigs were dismissed ? They bad undoubtedly created a quarrel with that country, in which, with their usual ingenuity and good fortune, they managed to place England in the wrong In the first instance, a 4 having got the country into thi s quarre l, th ey, after their fashion, secured a sufficient quantity of I -, verses and disgrace. They were dismissed just at the moment when China threatened to repeat the tragedy of Affghanistan, and in China as in Central Asia, the Conservative Government just reversed their measures, and ti.e condition of our affairs, substituting honour and firmness for trickery and cowardice—vic t.eies fcrr retreats or defeats —peace and an a- cured hope of its continuance, for disastrous ar and black despair. It is too early 'for the Chronicle to call upon the people to forget these Clogs. VAN DIEMEN'S LAND. (From Sydney Papers of July 30.) The Lady Grey, from Hobart Town the 25th i ns t., Ls brought our files of papers to the 19th, inclusive. Intelligence had been received of the safe arrival of Sir John Franklin and lady at St. Helena, on the 28th of last March. His Excellency Sir Eardley Eardley-Wilmott opened the Legislative Council on the 17th instant; whiols, from a few remarks made by the Colonial Secretary at the close of his Excellency's speech, was expected would be again adjourned sine die in the course of a fortnight. The following is the opening speech : " Gentlemen,—l have the pleasure of meeting you eel lier in this year than in the last, owing to the late period of the year in which I then arrived i n thi s colony ; and I hope it will not be necessary to detain u long horn your domestic avocations. " The interval since we last met has been one of trial and of gloom ; but I believe a brighter day is new breaking upon us. '` The time for forming accurate conclusions, as to ali the causes which have mainly contributed to pro duce the present state of the colony, has not yet ar rived. Much less are we in a position to pronounce with confidence what their permanent results will be. Still there may be an advantage of no trifling amount in endeavouring to survey, even at the present time, the condition at which we are arrived, an:l the prospects which appear to be opening upon ; and the more particularly do I wish to do so, be - :ause, distressing as these reverses have been, they have always appeared to me to have been regarded too gloomily; owing greatly, I believe, to the present art° of the colony having been referred, by a false standard of comparison, to a former period of prospe rity, created by fictitious causes, and to an unex pected con , urrence of events which are not again likely to happen. " The two great staple productions of this colony are its wool and its wheat ; and in proportion as these are encouraged, and bear a remunerating price, w ill the bonds w hi c h have fettered the enery and the in du try of th e co l ony be loosened wi the wei g ht ich has press e d d own to insolv ency m amany deserving per-ons be ultimately removed. were nf- , .e r •n " The fleeces of Van Diemen's Land greater repute than they are at this moment; an d ak,ugh they may not realise so high a price as they did in former years, yet it is certain that the latest accounts from England are most encouraging as re sipects this important branch of our trade. " The price of wheat has been for some time un- deniably low—so low, indeed, as not to pay the cost of production ; but severe as the misfortunes are " I have mentioned the two great productions of our agricultural industry as relating to our exports ; but I cannot emit also the many means we have of supplying our own consumption with the neces saries of life. The cultivation of barley—even now sufficient to supersede the use of sugar in an Englishman's beverage—and the growth of grasses and green food, to supply our markets with native meat and cheese, are open to us; and there only want energy and example to bring the riches of our soil into the coffers of the industrious. I cannot ex pect to witness this country's united enterprise ; all I can do is, to awaken science from her sleep, and lead her to the threshold of industry. I must leave it to another generation to enthrone her in the temple. " The true solution, gentlemen, of the present state of the colony, seems to be this : the temporary occasions of unnatural prosperity have passed away, and the degree of its future condition must depend upon the premature relations which it can establish with the English market, where I think it will be able to secure regular but moderate profits, sufficient to reward the industrious, though not perhaps to satisfy the desire of those who wish to be immediately weal thy. " In connexion with the well-being of the colony, I feel one duty to be especially incumbent on me ; namely, the protection of life and property; and as some misapprehension still appears to exist on this point, I wish it to be distinctly understood, that when ever any criminal shall be sentenced to death for having broken into a house and used actual violence towards its inmates, I never shall interfere with the due execution of the law, unless some legal doubt shall be brought under my notice. "I am happy to say that criminal offences are at the present time few; and though, in such an im mense convict population, occasional outbreaks and violation of the laws must be expected, yet I think that far fewer crimes are committed than could be an ticipated. It is not my intention to lay before you many Bills during the present session, for I am averse to le gislature on paroxysms of national difficulty, finding by experience that partial tamperings with such mat ters aggravate the disease instead of remedying it, and frequently create relief in one quarter while they in crease distress in another. " The estimates are now in preparation, and when I am about to present them to you, I shall enter upon the financial condition of the colony, especially as bearing on the revenue. " E. EARDLEY-WILMOTT: EXPERIMENTS IN WARFARE. A second series of experiments in warfare was exhi bited on Tuesday at Mu'grave House, Fulham, for the purpose of bringing into notice the inventions of the Duke of Normandy. A considerable number of gentle men assembled in the grounds, among whom were Lord Ranelagh, Sir John Hare, and many naval and military officers and men of science. The experiments com menced with the almost simultaneous explosion of a bomb shell pieced eight feet under the water of the lake, of a similar shell but led underground, and of a rocket. tired against a hulk head. The rocket was first fired, and as seen as it struck the bulk-head it exploded, and appeared to ignite two other rockets conducted by wires to the invisibbe shells, which both exploded with loud reports. The one underground threw up the earth to a great height atilt made a large excavation ; the water shell carried a mass of water into the air resembling an immense fountain. Two roekete without sticks were then fired at the hulk-head cased with iron, being directed to the mark by wires stretched horizontally ,r a distance of el-out two hundred yards. The in stant they struck the object the rockets exploded, tore away the iron easing, and carried off portions of the thick plank behind. A bomb shell was next allowed to drop into a hole within a strongly con structed but put trig.-then as firmly as possible. The im mense force exerted by the composition employed was evident from the complete destruction of the structure, pieces of which were carried to a great height., and one of the timbers Wl3 actually driven through the brick wall of a building about one hundred feet distant, and was left sticking in it. For the purpose of showing the safety with which these shells may be used, one of them, to which a percussion cap was fitted, was made to fell into a hole dug in the ground, when the caps exploded, and a quantity of gunpowder was ignited without ex ploding the shell. An alteration having been then made in the cap, by removing the guard, the shell exploded with terrific effect. Rockets on a similar principle were afterwards fired by throwing them on the g round, though when protected they might b e knocked about without danger. One object for which these rockets are intended is to protect merchant ships from the attacks of pirates, for by throwing the rockets from the mast of o:le ship on to the deck of another it would be directly cleared. Au exemplification of the force of the explosive compound was given during the explosion of one of these rockets that rather alarmed a portion of the company A part of the wooden rocket case was propelled with great velocity into the air towards the spot where many gentlemen were standing, and it struck the ground be hind them. Some bombarding rockets, without sticks, were also fired from a rocket case, which was pointed to an angle of seventy degrees, to prevent the rockets from going across the Thames. The first rocket took a very steady flight, and fell in the middle of the river, where it exploded on coming in contact with the water. Two others did not fly so steadily ; they fell within the grounds, and exploded on touching the earth. The ex periments concluded with the firing of the non-recoil cannon, which was fired by several gentlemen whilst holding it in their hands, without any rebound being felt. The experiments were:altogether 'very successful, and they showed that the inventor has at command a power far more destructive than gunpowder. In the ex periments there were no trials of the facility with which the force can be directed against an enemy, because:the shells and rockets were directed by ropes and wires to prevent accidents, but the inventor states that he can place his shells either under ground or in the sea with the certainty of their exploding the instant an advancing army or a pursuing ship passes over them. • Levs's DESPHRATION.—On Wednesday last, some excitement was created in Ulverston, by a respectably attired female casting herself out of the window of a room in the Queen's Arms Inn there. She tied a hand kerchief round her face, then slipped it up over her eyes thus becoming " blind" to all danger, and putting up the sash of the window, got out backwards, and after hang ing by her hands for a short time, dropped down. She alighted on her feet on the pavement, but losing her ba lance she fell backwards, her head coming in contact with the stones. She was immediately taken up in a state of insensibility, and carried into the inn. From inquiries, it appears that the female is the daughter of a respectable tradesman in Kendal, and is about nineteen years of age; that she has become enamoured of a young man about the same age, who is connected with a com- pang of itinerant players which were at Kendal last week, and removed from that place to Ulverston, where she also proceeded on the wings of love, in pursuit of the " cushla, ma chree." She was, however, followed by a relative, who took her to the Queen's Arms, where she had her under restraint, when the incident above related took place. CENTRAL CRIMINAL COURT.—At a Committee of the Court of Aldermen, held on Saturday, the proposi tion of Alderman Wood, to abolish the evening sittings of the Central Criminal Court for the trial of prisoners at the Old Bailey, was taken into consideration, and it was unanimously resolved that the experiment should be triQd, commencing with the sittings in the month of December next. The consideration of the second part Alderman Wood's proposition, as to having a third court for the greater dispatch of business and the accoremoda- Lion of the public, was reserved until the result of the experiment of abolishing the evening sittings should be ascertained. BUY SALT MEAT IN THE MORNING.—Severa butchers, from Leadenllall-market, who were summoned on Friday and fined for having a draught of from one to two ounces against purchasers, each declared that the scale, being wooden, became saturated with the salt and brine from the quantity of salt beef and pork weighed therein throughout the day. The Lord Mayor asked the defendants whether the draught was only against the Purchaser in th e even i ng, and being answered in the atlirnaotive, his Lord s hip sa i d that under such circum stanceshe would advise the public " to bey their salt meat 321 the morning." whfeh have in consequence befallen so many settlers, yet I cannot regard the prospects of the agriculturists as dark and forbidding, so long as the merchants can make shipments to England, and so long as the ad vance on Van Diemen's Land wheat in the market of that country continues. " The real and inaxhantible min. of wealth In suds a colony as this, is its agriculture ; and it is to this and an improved system of cultivation, assisted by extensive irrigation (which alone is requisite to give to our alluvial soils their full measure of fertility), that we must look for permanent prosperity; and it is on steady remunerating prices we must depend, and not on temporary though immoderate profits, for merly derived from the fitful demands occasioned from time to time in New South Wales by unpro ductive harvests. We must look to the dawning prospect, now before us, of becoming producers of ' grain for the consumption of the mother country, in stead of behig dependent on markets never opened to , us by our neighbours, except by the inclemency of seasons, or by their own misfortunes. " To hazard the opinion, that under the circum stances which I have mentioned, prosperity will im mediately visit the colony, I am far from wishing to be understood. But to affirm, that, in a time of uni versal peace, with every advantage of soil and cli mate, with labour at command available during the whole year—in winter as in summer, and when freight to any reasonable extent may be obtained at a moderate rate, a British colony, capable of pro ducing wheat and wool of the finest quality to an un limited amount, does not possess within itself the ele ments of prosperity, as well as inducements for the investment of capital, is an assertion which no one versed in the history of nations will venture to make, and no one with a knowledge of this colony can suc cessfully maintain. " Causes unforeseen and accidental may retard this advance indeed; and causes of depression affecting individuals may offer temporary obstacles ; but they cannot ultimately prevent a development of success, which is as inevitable as it is desirable. THE SUN, LONDON, MONDAY ' VE.NING, NOVEMBER 25, 1 DREADFUL RAILWAY ACCIDENT AND LOSS OF LIFE. INQUEST ON ONE OF THE BODIES. At eleven o'clock, on Friday morning, the coroner, Mr. Swann, and a jury, held an inquest on the body of William Iranians, at the Three Wheat Sheaves, Old Lenton. William Gell identified the body. Thomas Cooper, of New Lenton, lace-maker, said, I was ati,Beeston station at half-past two o'clock, in tending to come to Nottingham by the Derby train. The Derby train being delayed, I was standing at the Beeston station, and saw a train coming from Nottingham upon the d own -li ne i ns t ea d o f t h e up line. That was the line nearest Beeston; I saw Lightfoot upon the tender of that lot of carriages. They whistled very much coming up. I saw it go put, and they shouted to a boy (Tom) to turn the point just above the station, so as to place them on the right line. Mr. Lightfoot there got off, and came back to the station-house ; he went into a little room, began to talk to a policeman, and I over heard Mr. Lightfoot say, that there was a tender off the line, and that was the reason they came on the down-line, and he had come to stop the Derby train. After they had been talking some time, the policeman fetched a red flag and gave it to the boy, and said, " Go full half a mile up the Derby line." In about ten minutes, the Derby train came down at a slow pace, as I thought, in consequence of the flag; it stopped at the station some time. Whilst the Derby train was standing, I saw a policeman running up the centre of the road as if he had come from Nottingham, and I heard him say to Mr. Light foot, " If I were you, I wouldn't start the train yet." This I heard him say above once or twice.—(The witness here minutely described the policeman, who was called into the room, and stated that his name was James Howitt.)—ln five or ten minutes after that, I heard Mr. Lightfoot say, " I think they have had time enough to get the tender off." Mr. Light foot then came out of the little room, and mounted the tender. I should have gone down by that train, but I was alarmed after what Howitt had said, and determined not to go. This I state upon my oath. I was very near Mr. Lightfoot when he got upon the tender, and I heard him tell the engine driver to go at a slow speed. The train then started at a slow pace. I stopped at Beeston station, aed in a short time (it might be a couple of minutes) I heard a loud crash. I was listening to hear whether all was safe. There was a very thick fog, and I could not see the trains, nor half way to them. I thought there had been an accident on the line. I and two or three other persons ran down the line to see what was the matter. Before I could see the train I met the guard of the down-train running towards Beeston.— (Joseph Coleburn was then called, and identified by the witness. Coleburn is an engineer, who occasionally acts as guard, and was doing so on this particular occasion.) I said to him, "Is there as an accident ?" He raised up his hands and said, "Oh, yes, there is a serious accident, but I havn't seen what I " I ran forward, and he went on to Beeston. I came up to the trains ; they were, I should say, about three quarters of a mile:or a mile from Beeston. I saw two trains, both upon the same line, crushed into one another. Some of the passengers were still in the carriages, and I saw some lying on the ground, as if hurt. I saw some men car rying Mr. Dean into an adjoining field, and as sisted in lifting him into a cart. I also saw a stout' elderly man in the same field as Mr. Dean ; he wi t s, i bleeding very much from his head, or his eyes, or., his ears. I saw nothing the matter with his leg. I helped to lift him into the cart, and he complained of his chest. He said, " I feel very tizzy ; for God's sake, let me lie down." I never saw that his leg was broken after he had been placed in the cart. There was one other person in the cart before the deceased. Mr. Dean was also lifted into the cart. He was alive, but I said to Stanton, " George, you may depend upon it, Mr. Dean is dying." I saw no more put into the cart, and I don't know who drove it away. I then went back to see if any other person. wanted assistance. I helped Mrs. Dean, (Mr Dean's brother's wife) to Beeston ; she was hurt, but not so much so as to be unableito walk with my as sistance. I saw several other persons injured ; I shouldithink ten or twelve. I did not return again to the train. The engines and carriages were very much shattered, but I cannot give any description of the damage. I know none of them. William Murden, of Old Lepton, labourer, said, at the time of the accident I was working in Mr. Cheetham's field, which adjoins the railway, and I had a horse and cart there. I heard the crash, and immediately I and Mr. Cheetham, who was the only oerson with me, ran to see what was the matter. I saw two trains on the same line, and they appeared to have met each other. When I first saw them they had run one into the other; one or two of the carriages were broken. By a Juryman—l recollect no whistling; I was taking no notice. I was about a hundred yards distant from the rails, and could have seen the trains except on account of the fog. I did not see any engineer that was wounded. James Howitt, lodge-keeper at the Wilford-gate, said that a train arrived at Nottingham from Derby at a little before two o'clock in the afternoon of the same day, with coals and passengers. It left the latter in the station-yard, and came back with the coals again:, on the departing line, to the points just above my gate, to cross, in order to come in on the arrival line, for me to turn the coals into the coal line. I saw that as they were crossing the points the engine went on one line, and the tender on the other, which threw the tender off the line. I cannot say how this happened, for the points had always worked properly before. Th r. was no man there then, for the points being , elf-acting points, it was not necessary to have a man stationed there. Trains had passed over them two or three times that day. I have known the points to stick sometimes in winter and bad weather, but never to get wrong before in such weather as it was yester day. The man had oiled them on the day before in my presence. The engine and tender stuck fast, and we could not move them. I ran into the yard, and called the labourers and engine-:nen to assist, but we were unable to move them, as it required jacks and levers to get the tender on the line. Kearsley (an engineer, amongst those who came up), when he saw what had occurred, told me to go off to Beeston, to stop any trains that might be coming down, because he szid they should have to go on the down line with the next train. That was about two o'clock, and a train had to start at a quarter-past two. I immediately set off, and ran as hard as I could towards Beeston, hut Kearsley's train caught me about 300 yards below the station, and passed me there. I called to the engine as it passed, and could hear the whistle blowing behind me before they caught me. I kept running on as fast as I could, and when I got to the station, the train had got on the right line, and had gone forward. The station-master at Beeston was there, and I said to him, " Turn the red board up the line, until you see a train coming up. We have got a train off at the bottom end, and one line is blocked up." The person who was with him went and turned the signal directly. I waited about there until three o'clock, exactl7 at which hour a train from Derby came down. The train stopped on seeing the signal. Mr. Lightfoot said, " You and I will go down by this train to Nottingham." I said, "We had better wait until the train from Nottingham comes up, it may come on this line." He said, "Oh no, it will come up on the right line ; John Kearsley's there, and he will see all is right." The CORONER—Stop, I shall not put that down. After some discussion all the hearsay evidence was struck out, and the inquest was adjourned till Tuesday. INQUEST ON MR. JOHN DEAN. At five o'clock on Friday afternoon, M. Browne, Gent., Coroner, and a very respectable jury, of which Mt. William Taylor was foreman, assembled at the General Hospital, to inquire into the cause of the death of Mr. John Dean. Thomas Cooper, James llowitt, and Jonathan Raven, were examined, and gave evidence very similar to that given at Lenton. Mr. Sibson, house-surgeon, attributed death, which took place before deceased reached the hospital, to internal injuries received by the sudden concussion of the carriages, which caused a doubling or sudden twisting, striking the body against a hard substance, had caused the liver to be nearly divided into two parts. Messrs. Wadsworth and Patchitt appeared on be half of the Directors, and Mr. Campbell for Mr. Lightfoot, superintendent of the railway. The inquiry was continued till a quarter past ten, and then adjourned till Monday, at two o'clock in the afternoon. THE LATE ACCIDENT ON THE GREAT WESTERN RAILW AY. INQUEST ON THE BODIES . On Saturday, Mr. Wakley, M.P., h e ld an inquest at the Du Burgh Ar ms T avern, W est Drayton, on the bodies of Samuel Brooks and William Tuckwell, two I. l, ourers in the employ of the Great Western Company, who were killed near the West Drayton station on the morning of Thursday last. George Inglis deposed that he was an engine-driver, in the employ of the Great Western Railway Com pany. On the morning of Thursday last he left the Paddington terminus with the Bellona engine and train, which was the eight o'clock train from Pad dington. He was not aware of the accident at the time of its occurrence, but discovered it when he reached Slough, by seeing blood on the guard iron of the wheels. After witness arrived at the S windon station, he, for the first time, learned the extent of the accident. The journey was foggy throughout. Witness's train had no lights. When witness was close to the West Drayton station he sounded the whistle, which it was customary for him to do. That was when he was twenty or thirty yards distant from the station. Witness had sounded the whistle full a hundred times between Paddington , and West Drayton. The fog was so dense that he was quite close to the station before he could ste that the signal was right, and the policeman's arm up. Witness's train did not stop at West Drayton. It was a quick train. Did not notice any labourers on the line that morning, nor any getting out of the way. Patrick Hearn, a labourer on the railway, deposed that he was at the West Drayton station when the accident happened. He heard of it about eight or nine minutes afterwards. He immediately hastened to the spot, and found the body of Samuel Brooks about 140 yards from the spot where the occurrence took place, lying on the middl e o f th e li ne. Hi s body was knocked to pieces, and the head was bat tered. The two men had not left witness five minutes before. Witnees was not on the line when the trains passed. Benjamin White deposed that he was stoker to the Bellona engine, and was with it on Thursday morn ing. It was very foggy, and the whistle was blown about every quarter of a mile. The engine -driver also whistled about ten yards from the bridge, and again as soon as they had passed West Drayton station. A lengthened and desultory discussion then ensued between the coroner, jury, witnesses, and officers of the Company, as to the best means of preventing the recurrence of such accidents in future. All the wit nesses and the officers of the Company agreed that they were quite satisfied with the present arrange ments, and said that if the men would not themselves take the necessary precautions by getting off the line earlier, instead of waiting until a train is close to them, all the restrictions in the world would not pre vent such accidents; they could net, therefore, sug gest anything that would be an improvement. The CORONER said, that being the case, that the men who were the most interested in the matter did not see how it could be altered, and could not make any suggestion for its improvement, he did not see that the jury could go advantageously further into the case. It was clearly an accident, arising from the de ceased's negligence and incaution. The jury immediately said they were quite satisfied on that point, and returned a verdict of—Accidental death. STATE OF THE AGRICULTURAL POOR. TO THE EDITOR OF THE TINES. Sir,—The sympathy you evince for the distressing condition of the agricultural labourers induces me to hope that the following remarks may not be unaccept able. The Times has treated the subject with so much feeling and truth, that in the end a beneficial effect must be produced upon those who have the power of apply ing a remedy to the evils of which we all so loudly com plain. The remedy is in the hands of the Government of the country and its landed proprietors, to whom re spectively my suggestions are addressed. As regards any Government measure of relief, I will say, in a word, that the only principle upon which it can proceed must be that of providing work for the labourer, instead of the system at present pursued. This might be done simply and effectually by the adoption of either of the following plans, or by a judicious combination of them I would propose, in the first place, that, in accordance with the recommendation of a Committee of the House of Commons, the clauses of the present Highway Act for forming parishes into districts, and for appointing district surveyors, be made compulsory; that the appoint ment of the surveyors and the management of the high ways devolve upon the board of guardians ; and that labourers in want of work be employed by the surveyors under the authority of the board, being paid by the piece, and at a rate of remuneration lower by twenty per cent. than the average wages of independent labourers in the neighbourhood. lam satisfied that the offer of the workhouse as a test of destitution might thus be safely withdrawn, as no man would accept the inferior wages and hard labour of the surveyor unless compelled by actual necessity. My second proposal is, that a labour rate be established by law, to be applied solely in the payment of agricultu ral labourers who require employment, and to be levied exclusively on lands of the value of 20Z a year and up wards, as persons assessed below that amount are una ble to employ labourers, and very frequently in difficul ties themselves. (See note 1.) A third measure measure would be to prohibit the ad mission into the workhouse of unemployed labourers, excepting a very small portion (say one in ten) of the whole number who might at any time be without work ; the remaining nine to be entitled to out-door relief suffi cient for the maintenance of themselves and families. This would operate as a strong inducement to the rate payers to provide the labourers with work ; it would put an end to offers of employment at low wages, with the alternative of the workhouse ; while at the same time, by permitting the offer of the house in a few cases, it would furnish a security against wilful and profligate idleness. On the adoption of any of these plans, it should be rendered penal to combine for the purpose of defeating their operation. It is a frequent practice at present to collect private subscriptions as well as the paro chial rates, with the view of giving a cheaper relief than that authorised by law and sanctioned by the board of guardians ; the object being, under the dis guise of charity, to relieve the pockets of the rate payers by obliging the labourer, under threat of the workhouse, to accept an inferior rate of wages, or a lower amount of relief than would be ordered him by the board. And I may take this occasion to reprobate another injurious practice, by which many children are deprived of the opportunity of education. The young children of widows and others receiving out-door relief arc compelled to work ; their trifling earnings are de ducted from the relief given to their parents, whose forlorn condition is rendered even more miserable hy increased expenses in food and clothing consequent upon the labour and exposure of the children. The employ ment of such children under the age of twelve should be prohibited by law. The last measure for the relief of the labourer falling within the province of Government which I am prepared to recommend, is the encouragement of well combined plans of emigration, in which labourers contributing their labour and binding themselves to the fulfilment of their part in the undertaking during a term of years, would, at the expiration of the term, receive an equitable share upon a division of the lands reclaimed. (See note 2.) By carrying out one or more of these measures, or rather a combination of them, all with suitable modifica tions, the Government of this country would, I am con vinced, greatly ameliorate the condition of the agricul tural labourer, and that upon the only sound and safe principle—the only principle that is consistent with his independence and self-respect, viz., giving him occupation instead of alms. I now proceed to remedies which are in the hands of individuals ; and these, though ineffectual unless sup ported by legislative interference, are simple in their ap plication, and in no respect open to objection. Let the landed proprietors act upon a proper sense of their re sponsibilities, and not to be deterred by any personal trouble, or the appearance (for I am persuaded it would be only an appearance) of personal sacrifice, and I van ture to predict that we shall hear much less of the suf fering and disorder of the labouring population. It will not bs out of place here to remark, that I be lieve the existing distress to be aggravated in no small degree by the recent changes in the laws affecting agri cultural produce. At any time it would be natural that the tenant (who has agreed to take upon himself the payment of the rates) should endeavour to reduce the burden but, under the present depression of prices, it cannot be expected that he should fulfil his obligation, or find work for the unemployed labourers, which many landlords have insisted on, unless he be relieved by a corresponding reduction of rent. Having hazarded this observation, I proceed to express my conviction that a judicious system of allotment is cal culated in the highest degree to insure the well-being, both moral and physical, of the agricultural labourer. Let the landed proprietor begin by putting a moderate rent upon his cottages, refusing in every ca::e to let them in conjunction with the farms. It is unreasonable to ex pect a labouring man to lay by more than ls. a week at the very utmost to meet his rent, yet 51. a year is not an uncommon rental. Let every man ofgood character upon an estate occupy a rood ofgarden ground. To a certain proportion (perhaps one-half) of the whole number, let an additional allotment be made of three acres of pasture land, or so much as will enable them to keep a cow and three or four sheep ; and, as a still further stimulus to industry and frugality, let there be on the estate a cer tain number of small farms of forty acres, or large enough to employ two horses, and support a family above the condition of a labourer, thus encouraging the in dustrious by a prospect of advancement in life, and re storing to the community a most valuable class of men, now almost extinct, between the mete labourer and the large farmer. At present the agricultural labourer is deprived even of hope—he has no opening before him--- nothing to look forward to but a life of toil, and an old age of destitution. (See note 3.) It must, however, be remembered, that such a system of allotment as I have recommended is on no account to be looked upon as affording the labourer the means of support, or rendering him independent of his regular work. It is a means of bettering his con dition, and giving him some comforts and advantages ; but these he only acquires by working at extra hours. It delivers him also from the ruinous consequences of occasional want of employment, to which he is liable, even if all other causes were removed, from bad weather alone—such consequences, for instance, as becoming in volved in debt with the small shopkeepers, whose prices are naturally high in proportion to the length of credit and uncertainty of payment. I have now laid before you my sentiments upon this anxious and important subject, and will only make a re mark in conclusion. It is the Opinion of persons more conversant with these matters than myself, that under such legislative regulations as I propose, the occupiers of land would immediately find it their interest to leave no labourer without employ, and the powers given by law would seldom or never be called into direct operation. I must also state, that the plans which I have recom mended for private adoption have been found by expe rience to be both easily practicable and singularly bene ficial. In many instances they have been defeated by the selfishness and prejudices of individuals, but their value has not been the less evident. As to the facts stated, I am prepared to prove them by a host of wit nesses.—l have the honour to remain, Sir, your faithfu and obedient servant, WILLOUGHBY DE ERESBY. Grimsthorpe, Nov. 15. Note L—Suppose the number of labourers in a parish to be 120—viz., 40 whose labour is valued at 12s. weekly, 40 at los., and 40s. at Bs. Then 40 at 12s. would require weekly £24 40 at 10g. 20 40 at 8s 16 60 4 And the 120 would require for a month's wages 240 20 Or in shillings 4,800 And suppose (to make the calculation as simple as possible) the amount of rateable property in the parish to be 4,800/., excluding all occupations below 201., then the monthly rate would be le. in the pound. As an example, Mr. A. is assessed at 1001., his monthly rate therefore is 5L He bas in his employment, during a month, one man at 125., for £ a. d. £ s. d. two weeks Two men, at 10s., for one week Three men, at Bs., for two weeks 2 6 0 412 0 Rer - ' Imaining to be paid t o th e rate, -- or, in other words, to be ex pended in additional labour, by Mr. A 0 8 0 Note 2.—1 wish to see in our emigration agricultural projects undertaken by a combination of different classes on an extensive scale, and with unity of design. Thus, the capitalist and manufacturer at home—the one fur nishing money, the other goods—would combine with the man of science and the labourer on the spot. At the end of such a term as would enable the lauds to be brought into cultivation, a division would take place, adjusted upon a fair estimate of the contributions of all. Thus, for example, the services of a labourer for a year might fairly be equivalent to a 50L share. Note 3.—The occupation of three acres of pasture would give him that great necessary of life, a supply of milk for his family, which he can very rarely buy, and at the same time afford him a profitable investment for his money, by the purchase of a cow and sheep, which would produce him as many pounds yearly as he could get shillings in the savings bank. It would conse quently enable him to accumulate the capital necessary to stock a small farm. I cannot refrain from adding two very significant facts for the benefit of those who talk of the impossibility of a labourer's purchasing a cow :—I have seen the plan of a parish, of the date of 1717, in which every cottage had an allotment of pasture. I At some subsequent periods all_thvna were taken away, and let with the large farms. Ten years ago they were THE FATAL ACCIDENT NEAR LEICESTER. - - LEICESTRR, SATURDAY MORNING.—An inquiry into the circumstances attending the death of Edward Jowett, the unfortunate man killed on the railway near this place on Thursday night, took place last evening, at six o'clock, before Mr. John Gregory, coroner for South Leicestershire, and a respectable jury at the Marl borough's Head, near the station. From the evidence of the two principal witnesses, the driver and stoker of a coal train which left Leicester for Rugby, about seven o'clock on Thursday night, it appeared that deceased acted as breaksman to the same train, and accompaniod them on that occasion. After passing through the Kingston-hill Tunnel], which is little more than a mile from Leicester, one of the coupling chains connecting the coal trucks broke and the train was stopped to remedy the ac c id en t. This having been done, the engine was again set in motion, but owing to the humid state of the atmosphere, and consequent slipperiness of the rails, the wheels did not " bite," and the deceased got down off the truck on which he was riding, and taking a small spade or shovel with him, crossed the line for the purpose of obtaining a little sand to throw upon the rails. While in the act of doing this, the second goods train from London came along the down line at a rapid pace, but, from the fog which prevailed at the time, it WSJ not observed by the driver of the coal train until within a few yards' distance. When the train had swept . past, the driver 'billed out to the deceased, and, obtaining no answer, commenced a search for him. In a very few moments he was discovered in a senseless state by the road side, with a frightful wound over the right temple, from which the brains protruded, and other contusions about the face. He was immediately placed on one of the trucks, and conveyed back to Leicester, where he lingered until ten o'clock, and then expired. In the absence of all positive knowledge, it is conjectured that, in consequence of the noise from the engine of the coal train, the deceased was altogether unaware of the approach of the down train, the connecting bar between the wheels of the locomotive attached to which appears to have struck his head, aad inflicted the wound above described. . _ After hearing evidence to this effect, the jury expressed themselves satisfied, and returned a verdict of " Acci dental death." The deceased was a very well conducted and respect- able young man, and the sole support of an aged mother. He had been employed on the railway for some years, THE INFANTICIDE AT WOLVER HAMPTON- The prisoners, Miss Railton, Mr. Sheriff; and Mr. and Mrs. Hildreth, were again brought before the coroner's inquest on Thursday, but no further evidence of any im portance was adduced, and the inquest was again ad journed until Tuesday next. On Friday the prisoners were placed at the bar of the public office before Mr. Hill, Mr. Barker, Mr. Dehane, and Mr. Briscoe, magistrates of the county. The only additional witness called was John Titley, a cowman, who deposed that he found the body of a female infant in the nightsoil in Mr. Quinton's outhouse. The prisoners declining to say anything in their de fence were each committed to Stafford. Miss Railton fur concealing the birth of her child, and the other pri soners as accessories. The magistrates intimated that they would take bail; themselves in 801., and two securities for each prisoner :n 40a Mr. Hill said he would wish to ask Miss llailton one or two questions upon oath, but she need not say any thing which would criminate herself. kiss Railton was then sworn, and stated that she bad recently been in the family way. Mr. Sheriff attended her with instruments last Sunday month. He had at tended her with instruments within the previous week; that she had no labour pains previously to his performing an operation on Sunday month, and that some hours afterwards she was delivered of a child. The evideace affecting Sheriff given on the previous days, and deemed necessary to fix th e o ff ence of attempt ing to procure abortion against that individual, was then repeated by Colonel Hogg, Mr. Quint on . Mr. Onibler, and Inspector Casey, and the prisoner (Sheriff) was th en committed to take his trial for felony at the ensuing assizes. SPORTING INTELLIGENCE. COURSING. lIASLINGTON, CHESHIRE, Nov. 20.—The Welcome Stakes of 20/. were divided by Mr. Johnson's Mem non and Mr. Barker's Hector.—Th e A nt i c i pat i on Stakes of 26 soya. were divided by Mr. Best's Speculation and and Mr. Jebb's Plassey. HUNTING APPOINTMENTS. South Berkshire, -Tues., Woolhampton ; Wed., Ufton green ; Fri., Tidmarsh-101. Swal lowfield-place. o A un: ou ; rn F e ri c ., hase Sir J. Cope's li ds., Wed., Briro sliialdveeth; aEmriM., S C i r r Sa J av teo.n.h G lid s. , Hunt's-green.r d 'SV ' s ed h ' d , , Fri., Bryn -1 1. Ham bl ed on hds., Wed., Hogg's Lodge ; Fri., Mar well Hall. H. H., Tues., Tichbourne Park ; Thurs., Minch Barn ; Sat., Weston-common. Haydon lids., Wed., Moss Kennel ; Sat., Carr's Burn Whin. Ludlow hds., Wed., The Serpent; Fri., Stanton Lacy-11. N. F. H., Tues., Hunter's Inn ; Thurs., Bucklaud-gate ; Sat., Fighting Cocks. Mr. Rose's hds., Wed., Creycombe Village ; Sat., St. Anne's Chapel. United Pack—Thurs., Linley. Vine hds., Thurs., Hannington ; Sat., Chinhain. Wheatland hds., Wed., Kepley. Colonel Wyndh am's hds., Wed , Teglease-gate ; Fri., Fitzhall. Ayrshire bds., Tues., Ballochmyle ; Sat., Blair. WINDSOR, SUNDAY.—His Royal Highness Prince Albert's Harriers had a most brilliant run yesterday. The meet was at Mr. Nash's, at George-green, and after two runs in that country. the hounds proceeded to a field of Mr. Mason's, near Slough, where a fine hare was found. She made away at a fast pace up to Farnham, through two plantations up to East Barnham Park, ran back to Farnham, and was killed at Stoke Park, after a brilliant run of an hour. SIGZIT AND HEARING.-39, Albemarle street, Picca dilly. Newly-invented spectacles, telescopes, opera glasses, microscopes, &c. Patronised by Generals Sir Edward Paget, Sir Evan Lloyd, Frederick Meister, Clayton, Galway, Grosvenor, Morrison, Dyott, Robert son, and Mackenzie ; Major-Generals Sir H. Elphin stone, P. Fyers, 1). Macleod, Hamilton, and Wemysa ; Lieut.-Generals Sir Henry Bonverie, Sir J. Macdonald, Sir IL Barton, Sir T. Dallas, Lord John Hay ; Admirals Sir George Cockburn, Sir George Munday, Sir G. Martin, Sir James H. Whitshed, Sir D. Gold, and Ross. By the use of these newly-invented spectacles, imperfect vision becomes preserved and strengthened, and very aged persons are enabled to employ their sight at the most minute occupation, and can see with those lenses of a much less magnifying power, nor will they require the frequent changes to further helps ; als o newly-invented achromatic waistcoat-pocket telescopes and opera glasses. Every kind of telescope of larger size with increasing powers, for shooting, sea purposes, and, upon stands, fur astronomical purposes, with the same celebrated lenses, the powers are so great, and th e lenses so bright and brilli a nt, that m inute objects at an extraordinary distance are brought completely ander the eye. Sportsmen, tourists, and sea-side visitors will have a great treat. Their invisible voice conductor gives immediate relief to old standing extreme eases of deaf ness. Caution—Messrs. S. and B. Solomons, opticians and aurists, are not in any way connected with a person of the same name in their immediate neighbourhood, nor in any part of the country. To prevent mistakes be cautious and observe, only to be had at 39, Albemarle street, Piccadilly, opposite the York Hotel. . .. - --- " BETTER TO BE BORN FORTUNATE TITAN RICH." It is currently reported at Sleaford, and we believe cor rectly so, that a well-known millwright (a working man) of that place, by a recent decision in the High Court of Chancery, immediately comes into the possession of a ' large estate near London of the annual value of 13,0001, as well as arrears of rent for the same for the last twenty years, amounting, of course, to the sum of 260,000/.—Lincolnshir e Chronicle. L. FATAL RAILWAY ACCIDENT.—On Thursday night a fireman named Maywood was killed within four mile s of Birmingham, on the Birmingham and Glouceste r 1 Railway. The train was passing under Cleeve-bridge and the unfortunate man not being sufficiently on his, guard, his head came in contact with one of the iron p i Mars which support the bridge s and he was instantly Wed. restored, and there are now in the parish thirty-three labourers who purchased cows for themselves as soon as the allotments were granted. THE LA W OF GAMING. IMPORTANT LEGAL OPINION. BIRMINGHAM, FRIDAY EVENING.—For many years past the magistrates of this borough have been in the habit of convicting licensed victuallers for allowing card playing in their houses, the act of playing having been hitherto held as au unlawful act. A few days ago several respectable licensed victuallers were summoned before the magistrates, charged on the evidence of the police, with having allowed card-playing in their houses. Mr. Harding, solicitor, rigidly cross-examined the witnesses, when they admitted that they did not hear or see any thing which warranted them in swearing that the parties were playing for money or any other consideration. Mr. Harding then submitted that the mere playing at cards in a public-house did not constitute an offence, and that unless it could be proved that the parties played for money or some other consideration, no conviction could take place. In this view of the case he was followed by Mr. Edmonds, who contended also that it was requisite to specify the precise nature of the game in the informa tion. Messrs. Gen and Barlow, magistrates' clerks, ad mitted that the arguments required consideration, and agreed to prepare the points for the consideration of counsel. They accordingly submitted the case to Mr. Archbold, to which is now appended that gentleman's reply:— " In the Licensed Victuallers' Act, the 9th Geo. IV., cap. 6, the forms of the licence provide that the person licensed shall not knowingly suffer any unlawful games, or any gaming whatever, in his house. Under this Act an information is laid before Justices against A B, li censed victualler, for knowingly suffering gaming with cards in his house, and the evidence proves that, with the knowledge of A B, persons were playing with cards in his house at the game of 'All-Fours,' but it is not proved that they were playing fur any stake. Under these cir cumstances, it is objected that no conviction can be made, for the following reasons : "First, that uo stake is proved to be played for ; and, secondly, that the game is not named in the information. The opinion of Mr. Archbold is requested, Ist, whether it is necessary to prove that a stake was-played for ? 2dly, whether it is necessary to specify in the lamina tion the particular game at cards which was played ; and whether a statement of the name of the game is suf ficient, without stating the mode of playing it ? " A similar information is laid in the same words against C D, and other licensed victuallers, but in that case, although the evidence shows that parties were play • ing at cards with the landlord's knowledge, it does not appear what game was played. In addition, therefore, to the objection which exists in the other case, it cannot be proven in this what specific game was played. " Mr. Archbold is requested therelk,re to advise whether a conviction can properly take place against C I). The principal question upon which Mr. Arch bold's opinion is asked, is whether a licensed victualh r can be convicted of an offence against the tenor of his license for allowing persons to play at cards in his house for recreation only, and his attention is directed to the statute 33d Henry VIII.. cap. 9, the eleventh section of which will not apply, unless some gain is to accrue to the landlord; but by the 16th section, playing at cards by any manner of artificer or craftsman of any handicraft or occupation, husbandman, apprentice, labourer, servant to husbandry, journeyman, and other persons therein named, is prohibited, except at Christmas, and then only in their mater's house and presence. " Are not games at cards, therefore, by such persons at other times than Christmas, and then out of their m-sters' houses and presence, unlawful games, and may not a licensed victualler, in such case, be convicted of knowingly suffering unlawful games in his house, with out any proof that a stake was played for ? If Mr. Arch bold should be of opinion that a licensed victualler is so liable to be convicted, he is further requested to advise as to the form of the information, so far as regards the statement of the offence, and state what facts are neces sary to justify a conviction." THE OPINION. , " The present informations, I think, cannot be sup ported, without proving that the parties were playing for money, and that the landlords knew of it. The licence prohibits the knowingly suffering any unlawful game, or any gaming whatever. A game may be unlawful, although the parties do not play for money, or money's worth. But the offence here charged is knowingly suf fering gaming with cards; and to prove a playing for money or money's worth. An information for the other offence stated in the licence, namely, knowingly suffering any unlawful game, may be set out in the offence thus:— [Here follows the form of information, which is merely useful to magistrates' clerks.] " As on statingthe species of game played, it is in all cases desirable to state it, in order to preclude any ob jection of uncertainty; but I do not think it absolutely necessary that it should be stated, because playing at any game of cards for money is gaming, and playing at any game of cards by artificers, &c., out of Christmas or in Christmas, except in his master's presence, is an un lawful game. " J. T. ARCHBOLD. " 4, King's Bench-walk, Temple." CORONERS' INQUESTS. MELANCHOLY CASE.—A Coroner's inquest was held on Thursday evening, at the Gun Tavern, Woolirich, before C. J. Carttar, Esq., and a respectable jury, oq view of the body of William Terence Maden, a child aged two years and six weeks, alleged to have died from starvation. The jury having viewed the body expressed their sur prise at the miserable under-ground room in which the family resided. Elizabeth Maden, a young Irish woman of decent ap parance, with an, infant at her breast, deposed that she was the wife of William Maslen, a gunner of the Royal Artillery, who had left on foreign service about five weeks since. Deceased was her child, he was two years and six weeks old, and had been ill for about a month. Witness had taken him twice to the Ordnance Hospital, on the Ist and 18th of the present month. The medical gentleman told her the child was very ill, and gave her four powders, and told her to give him some castor oil occasionally. "He did not tell her to call again, and she did not go between these days, because she did not think the child was so near death. Witness received 2s. 6d. a week from the regimental fund, and ls. 6d. and two loaves from the parish. This was all she had for !'ne tupport of herself, the infant, and t.l)e deceased. She could do no work on account of the Hitless of de ceased and the child at the breast. Out of the 4s. she received weekly, she paid ls. 9d. (and latterly ls. 7d.) for rent. Her firing cost her sd. a week, candles ls., soap 31. This left about 9d. a week for their support, - which witness spent in potatoes and broad. She might say that she was in distress indeed. She applied to some of the "quality " about the neighbourhood, but none of them gave her anything. One lady referred her to the lady of the district, but witness could not find her out till the child died, when the lady gave her one shilling, and an order for some tea and coffee. The child died at about half-past nine on Tuesday morning. On Monday it had some beef tea, which Mr. Bayly kindly gave her. It had nothing on Sundoy, except a little coffee and bread, and during the week it had nothing but a potatoe and a little bacon occasionally. Witness had no meet or milk to give it, only a littl tea. No person in the house gave her any money, but the landlady gave her some bacon, and two or three times a basin of soup. The child's feet and stomach were swollen. It often cried for food. Witness would have fed it very differently, if she could have done so, but she could not. On Saturday night some person, whom she did not know, sent her a shilling. When her husband left her she had three or four shillings. SarA Ann Wilks, landlady of the house in which the last witness resides, said the family was i❑ the greatest distress. Since the father left Woolwich, the child had never lifted up its head. Witness had never seen the mother and child have anything but dry bread, potatoes, and coffee. She used to carry the child in her arms wherever she went, and a kinder mother witness never saw. On the day the child died, there was not a bit of fire in the raom, and witness begged a pound of meat from Mrs. Bayly for it. Verdict—" That the deceased died from natural causes, but accelerated from the want of proper nourish ment, owing to the ignorance and inability of the parent to afford it." Some benevolent persons in the town are anxious to obtain subscriptions to enable the poor woman to join her husband in Malta, and Mr. J. Watts, high constable, has offered to receive subscriptions. SUSPICIOUS DEATH ON EPPING FOREST.—Yesterday afternoon an inquest was held before Mr. C. C. Lewis, one of the coroners for the county of Essex, at the King's Oak Inn, High Beech, on the remains of John Harris, seventy years of age, whose body was recently discovered hanging in the forest. There being some suspicions of the vaguest character that he had not died by his own hand, the jury returned a verdict to the effect that the deceased was found dead, but by what means his death had been caused there was no evidence before them to show. ArATUNGTOII.---AWFUL EFFECTS OF THE GAME - LAWS.—On Tuesday last, about half-past three o'clock, the inhabitants of Pyrton, a village within a mile of Watlington, were thrown into 'the greatest consternation by a melancholy report, which, alas, proved too true, that a poor boy, about sixteen years of age, of the name of Henry Pridcheat, had committed suicide by hanging himself with a pocket handkerchief, from the top of a gate four feet high. It appeared that the pour boy was employed by Mr. Dickers, a respectable farmer in the parish, to shoot sparrows on the new sown wheat. On Monday afternoon, while performing hidAuties, ho started a pheasant ; the temptation being great, and feeling a desire to try his capabilities on a larger scale, he fired at the bird, and unfortunately killed it. At this moment William Clark, one of Lord Parker's gamekeepers, came up, and threatened him with a prosecution ; the idea of appearing before a magistrate, and in all probability, of being sent to prison, filled his mind with the greatest mental agony. The keeper having taken his master's gun, 11( W9S afraid to return to his employer, and he is described as having wandered about in the greatest distress. On the follow ing morning it is reported that he applied to a person in the village for som poison to kill, as he said, his masters' rats, but was refused, and in the afternoon he was dis covered by some children at play suspended from the top of a gate, on the footpath leading from Pyrton to Weston, in a kneeling posture, a breathless corpse. The deceased has been employed by Mr. Dickers nearly five years, who gives him an excellent character. Th e above may be relied on as an authentic I.ict, as onr cor• respondent has visited the village, and had a melancholy view of the mortal remains of this new victim to the atrocious game-laws. So great is the want of agricul tural employment in the parish, that no fewer than thirty-three able-bodied persons are employed y: by our surveyors repairing the roads, 'withal, good judges say that the land !ants all the labour..—Oxford Chrenick. THE CONVGATE, EDINBURGH.—For SOTIIe months past excavations have been making near the Cowgate for the foundation of a suite of court-rooms to occommodata the Lords Ordinary. The buildings are to run south from the present buildings constituting our courts of lair, and the south wall will verge upon the spot where manY of our readers will remember the Back-stairs ascending of yore. In the space cleared by the workmen, a frog' meat of the first wall of the city (built about 1460) has been laid bare. About the end of September, some much more recherches discoveries were made by th e workmen. South fro m th e f ragment o f wa ll , and direotii, so from the present buildi ng f or t h e fi rst an d seco nd divisions of the Court of Session—fourteen feet below the surface of the earth—was found a range of strong wooden coffins, lying close beside each other, and non' taining human remains. In one, the skull contained the brain, still so far fresh as to show the vermicular form of surface. These coffins were straight in the sides, but had lids rising into a ridge in the centre. About the same time, ten or twelve yards west from that spot, and also beyond the lin e o f th e c i ty wa ll , t h e workmen f ou nd, embedded in the ground, eighteen feet below the level of the present Cowgate, a common-shaped barrel, of largo size (six feet high) resting on one end, and eighteen inche deep into a straum of blue clay, with a massive stone beside it; leading to the presumption that it had been * barrel kept for the purpose of gathering rain, baring* stone step to enable any one to get to its top, and takeout a supply of it contents. The staves of this barrel r? still, for the most part, fresh and sound. Still further to the west, near to the barrel, and at about the sam e depth, was found a copper dish or basin, about eighteen inches diameter, and six deep, having the rim slightly evasated. There can be no doubt that all these thing' have lain for several centuries undisturbed. The bodies would be a portion of those interred in St. Giles's church' yard, which was abandoned in the sixteenth century. Th e barrel and dish must have been part of the curia supefitl of a citizen of still earlier age. The Cowgate existed at 1470, however much earlier, and it was for some ege; the residence of the great. So large a copper dish Could only belong to a person of some distinction. But the most curious inferen c e f rom th ese discoveries, is an to the gradual rise •)f the level of the s t ree t i n the course of time. Some years ago a street was found twelve fee C below the present causeway of the Cowgate, near lts eastern extremity; here we find household articles seated still lower. This, however, is common in all ancient cities, in consequenc e o f th e want o f po li ce regulations in the middle ages. Refuse and rubbish were laid upon the street, and, not being removed, soon became trodden down, and thus raised the soil. Even pavements were thus lost sight of. Fresh accumulations continually taking place, the ground rose of course, and, in time, the bases of buildings were accommodated to the new le v el.—Scotsman. DISTRESSING SUICIDE OF A YOUNG LADY.—°n Friday this neighbourhood was shocked by a report that Miss Jane Gulliver, daughter of Thomas Gulliver, Esq., of Bloxham, and sister to Mrs. Fisher, of Grig ls- bury House. with whom she had been staying some time , had drowned herself. She was about twenty-six yeas of age, and had for a very long period been in indifferent health, and latterly her spirits had been greatly affect ed * so much so that her me di ca l atten d ant h ad suggesw" the propriety of her not being left alone. On the Friday morning, she had, with one of her sisters, walked into Banbury. On their return, she went into the kitchen , and then, as the family supposed, up stairs to change her dress. This was about one o'clock. At half-pa s ! two Mr. Robert Field, of Grimsbury Mill, saw a shawl floating at the mill-head, against the bars which are placed to prevent substances passing to the wheel. De remarked that a shawl had blown away from somewhere, and told his boy he had better get it out. The boy got hold of the shawl, and then found that there wa s ,l body under it. H e gave an alarm, and Mr. Fior and some of his men came and raised the body, whint' they found to be that of Mi ss J ane G ull i ver, an d to o ~." it out into the hou se . It appears s h e must have Mrs. Fisher's, instead of going up stairs, immediately after her sister's back was turned. She then went to the back of Mr. Field's garden, a few hundred yard! from Mrs. Fisher's house, and there, having taken on her pattens, and pinned her clothes tightly round her, 51 1 threw herself i n t o t h e stream, w hi ch was very rap id and swollen by the profuse rains that had fallen for a fel l preceding days. It is supposed that she must have been very quickly carried to the spot where she was found, which is about forty or fifty yards from where she threw herself in. Her pattens were found on the bank man who was wanderi ng by th e r i ver some t i me befor e the body was discovered. An inquest was held upon tut body of th e y oung l a dy th e f o ll owing day. It m130.4_1,4 its the course of the evidence th a t a report h a d pre valt that deceased was enci en t e , b u t i t was prove d , on medical testimony, that there was not the slightest foundation for this aspersion upon the character of the unbar.tal young lady. But to wh a t cause t h e d epress i on o f s pl/e from which she had been suffering was attributable the!e was no evidence to show, and the jury returned a v erdiet to the effect " That the deceased drowned herself whtlgt in a state of temporary insanity," at the same time all expressing themselv e s sa tisfied that there was no foen ue ., tion fur the report alluded to, but which, for the sat is r faction of her friends, th e C oroner h a d t h oug ht proper to investigate.—Abridged from the Banbury Guardran: We are sorry to learn that, in some parishes 111 Wilts, the current rate of wages has been reduced to 7 5 • per week. —Somerset County Gazette. BIRTHS. On the 19th inst., at the Grammar School, LangP° l4 ' Somerset, the lady of the Re'. E. D. Green, of a son. On the 18th inst„ at Lark Hall-lane, Mrs. Sidney Johnson' of a daughter. On the 20th inst., in Nottingham-terrace, Regent's-o °4 the wife of F. Dawson, Esq., of a daughter. m rs . r• On the 21st inst., at Hatcham Lodge, Now Cross, T. Fawcett, of a daughter. On the 21st inst., the lady of Charles Main WortlurAft °l3 ' EN., of a daughter. On the 21st inst., at Tit c hfi e ld-t errace , Regent's-p ark the wife of Joseph Needham, Esq., of a son. On the 21st inst., at P ar k- square , Regent's-park , Mfg' Francis Cook, of a son. On the 22d inst., at Clapham, Mrs. William Brown, o f 5 daughter. On the 22d inst., Mrs. Howell, Bernard-street, J.-11- - square, of a son. MARRIED. On the 15th inst., at W ar dl e L o d ge , tear Edi n burgh, ClP .fry to tain James Alexander D un c an P ergusson , B eng al to Margaret, daughter of th e l a t e J ames H ops , E sq ., wr iter the Signet, Edinburgh. conc l On the 16th inst., at St. Mary's, Islington, Naomi , e 6 011 daughter of the late Mr. George Robins, eng raver, C ' t T n(100 , City of London, to William Martin, of Wells-street, m °— merchant. •org° On the 19th inst. at the Parish Church, Hoye , Reade, Esq., of Hulton Locras. Cleveland, to M e lville i t i ge, bars, second daught er o f J o h n W a t son , E sq ., o f Wick L° Brighton. DIED.ad On the 21st inst., at Sherborne, Dorsetahire, Mr. Wi Sherring, aged 68. On the 28th of October, at Malta, Henry ButtansbAlr,Esci-' of Wrotham, Kent. 11s11 On the sth inst., i n J erm y n - s t ree t, L on d o n, Samuel Lord, the Esq., of Long astle, Barbadoes.Mee On 16th inst., atßodney-terrace, Cheltenhatn, - David Potts, Esq. ed 82 ' On the 16th inst., at Rugby, Miss Martha Ridge' , sn le Il i 0 On the 20th i ns t., a t B r i g h ton, C aro li ne , wife 0r Window, Esq , inst Craig's-court, London. Askew' Esq' On the 21st ~ in Wimpole-street, Adam As— of Redheugh, Durham, aged T A ir rortlit On the 21st inst., at Clapham-rise, Frances ri C """ i e . daughter of Holdsw or th H un t, Esq , of the Inne r Ters,P,,iet On the 21st i ns t., a t H a ll Pl ace , 'near Canterbury, Ellen. relict of Colonel Webb, of the Coldstream Gua r ,,; l 6 gest On the 22d in‘t., at Kensington, Mary Adeline, yo daughter of W. Rea, Esq. ha d W e" On the 22d inst., S ara h, the wive of Mr. R. ; c -- r (Tapp, Carpenters ' Hall, London. , NT G, London: Printed and Published by 11111RDO T O 11 2 1 t No. 112, Strand, P r i n t er , a t Th e Sax Otfi , uin ty , 0 Strand, in the Precinct of the 133v0y 0 , in " brw Kiddifeeil ikadlY• &MOW 25,1544. ARREST OF BURGESS, THE ESCAPED FOKGER. The Boston Post, received by the Great Western, gives the following, relative to the event referred to is the above heading Am Burgess, alias Ellis, whose escape from Eng land and arrest here have already been fully stated in the Post, was brought before Mr. G. T. Curtis, commissioner, for examination. The COMMISSIONER, after the usual preliminaries had been gone through, said to Burgess—Have you any counsel ? Prisoner—No, Sir. , COMMISSIONER—Do you wish for any counsel ? Pri soner—No, Sir. I'm willing the truth should come out. The 10th article of the treaty of 1842, commonly called the " Ashburton Treaty," was now read, by which it appeared that fugitives charged with forgery are to he given up by the respective Governments upon the exhibition of competent warrants, and evidence raising a reasonable probability that the offence has been com mitted, and by the party charged. Mr. Richard Bord was then examined, and identified Burgess as a late clerk in the Bank, and as the person who vouched for Elder as being " William Oxenford,'' owner of the stock transferred by means of the forgery. After partially hearing the evidence, the COMMIS' SIONER thi ,ught it we , ' not nee, ssary to go any further into it, unless the prisoner desired it; and in reply to a quess tion as to his wishes, the prisoner replied—l do nut clues" tion what is stated. I am perfectly satisfied to go home. COMMISSIONER—Have you anything to say why a eer' tificate should not be granted that you are a fogith° from justice, as is charged against you ? Prisoner—S°. COMMISSIONER—The evidence proves beyond all • reasonable doubt that the offence has been coat ' mitred, and also that Burgess aided in its commission. There is then no question but that it is my duty to issu e a certificate to that effect. I therefore order Burgess to be committed to the gaol, to await the order of the United Stai es Govt rnment. The Commissioner then signed the certificate, upon which the Secretary of State will issue an order for the delivery of Burgess into the custody of the English officer. As described by himself, Burgess had a hard job in getting off from Nahan on Thursday night. It took hint three hours, and frequently the officers were near to him. At one time he was lying on one side of a large rock, while the officers were passing by on the other side. He stumbled into a pig pen, repeatedly fell into the water, and occasionally sank deep into the sand on the beach. After he found a boat he was six hours in reaching the Light- hcuse Island, on which he was taken on Saturday evening. If convicted iu England, of which there can be no doubt, he will be transported for life. IS conversation yesterday, he spoke feelingly of his late ac cotnplice Elder, and expressed a wish to see where he is buried. Elder had been on a visit to the house of the prisoner's father in the country several months before the forgery. He was oo!y forty-seven years of age, the prisoner thought, and was occasionally engaged in the horse business. His father was an extensive dealer in lumber. F 44